صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ


ɵճߣʩ

İ
Ҷһ˸˷Ѿͷ
ֻҶҲǸ̬Բ֪ү·ǸڸͷϿֵĿιӡ
˵Ҫ޸ң
Ҳ檣Ҫ޸
˼߰ɡ
ҶҲ֪λιǵĺĳˡ
ԭ㲻аҷˣ鷳øض
ҶҰλƽ˴ͬ˯
±ׯŹӵСѾͷһЦ
ٳһ㲻ôˡ
еɰеĻŮее

ף΢
̫࣬Ҫ
أ

ݱǩ ж Ե Խʱ 
ؼ֣ǣҶң±ׯ  ǣ  
һ仰飺Ҳܣ 




 1 

С꣬ñͲʵԳ
µ˴ҴȥĿֻ֣ɸǲסǰȺӿ֡
Ѿͷ޸֪үǶĸ֣ɵԸǲԸ
Ҷҵ죬׷ʲô͸оһ˫ֽץͱ˵ᣬֱӷֽߵ˳ȥԼҲΪһƨ˵ϡ
ʱʵ˫ۣˮǰķ˿䵽̵ĽëϣЩʵգգۣ͸Ĺһš
ߡ
߳Ϻһķ˿Ҷڸͷϵӡ
˲䣬Ҷκ˲ֻǻûüϸۣһִֻ³ľͷ˻ȥ
ŭӵӦѸٵŤšס˶Է֡
ֻǻûüŭǰİһãȻ
ﻹŶԳƵԹһ䣬Ѿԭ硣
˻
ҶͷиӤȭͷСİһ۵
߰ļǵصӿԺԱûסһ˹ȥ
Ⱥò׻ʱͿǰһ̬Բˣһɫļȡ
֪ôĳѾͷȻҶ֪ү֣Ҳ㡣
һԴŴֲµ־ҪҶһ⣬ҶץסԱ̬Ůһƣֻžһ漴Ů˼׶ļС
ȻҶִҡ
Ů˺üѪӡӣۼ˾ҪŤ֪һӣźɫ̴СǰǷֿˡ
ˣүûôʱ
֪ĲֻͣŰҶҾȥúõĽѵһ١

˴һп룬ڽӹӺ󣬲ŶһѪЦϲЦտ
ȵȣҲޡ
Ҷҷϸ첲ϸȵĹҲʮ꣬Ǽ󺺵Ķ֡
ɲ㡣
֪һ󺺼ߣҶһ˫ڿյСȲͣţ۾һƳͿԶǸֽɡĿˡ
ҽҶңϴůʲôᣬҪҪȢҡ
ҶҳǱߴ󺰳Ҫ̧뿪˽Ųһ٣ɡ΢̧¶Щ԰׵ʧµ
ԷӦҶԽҲԼͷǱģ
ǽͳϾͶһ걧걧Ҹӣա
ҶѾ֪Լ˵ЩʲôˣֻİԼȥ
ڿɲܶԷ˭ôҲȼ޸ôһ˵檵ĺá
ֻûע⵽¶ɡµĿ˵֪Ѿɫ԰ȶڴˡ
˵Ŀģ
һ˿ζЦ⡣
Ҷ۾һͼԷ֪ʲôʱվԼǰɫֽɡסΣֻԿӨˮɡıԵԾ
ͷǰϴЦˣԷںڵ۾乴ˣӡĵӰ
ģҲ檡
е˼߰ɡ
±ׯǰֻԼٿڵСѾͷɺЩûŮ˵Ҫˡ
󡭡ˡ
֪ͨһ
ʱҶҲŷӦ֪ʲôʱߵѾһȦ
ǰ˸ͦΣһŻ߹Ľɫ˿ߣʹ˵ЬҲɾ
˸ȡ
СҾȴˣκҪ̸
±ׯͳŲɵĿ϶
֪ĸ˵ʲôλˮأѾѱˣﻹ˼ôëѾͷ
ֻǡ֪΢̲ס̧ͷ±ׯһۣɴ֪λҲǸŮɫ
±ׯ´Ҷһۣ漴ĺֱ
±ׯ׼뿪ʱ֪°׷˹
һ·۳Ͷ٣¹ٽڴ¥Ϊ˴ϯӷϴ
á
±ׯ˵꣬͸оҶҵһﹴһĨЦЦĻȣ˵ôˣ
ҶҵɲǼ·شһ£ܿİ
̫̫࣬ǲУһ걧걧ĺ׳ǲʵˣʹܲԲȰŮƱл
ôţҶҵת˸±ׯţ§ס±ׯݵԱᶯҡľġ
±ׯһŻȵ壬ͷһͼҶұĿЦģ
ɫйһЦ޼۶ȥ
ʲô
±ׯ

±ׯҶһ˸չլӣӭӵĳ²һ±ׯ˸ڵС𾪵ʵˣǡ
±ׯûü˵ҶҾʹ̽ԴЦ˵δŵϱ
⡭
²춼ϲ£һɲĿ±ׯɫ
óһ䵥ԺӣȥüŮ˼ҵΡ
±ׯɫ̩ȻԽ²
γ²η츲أҲʵӦˡ
ҲҪס˵ͳ𣬲ôϯС
Ҷһ·Сܵ׷˹ȥߴߴ±ׯȥ
һж˵İģòôԵˣôҲҪ취ԷΡ
㵹ǲ
±ׯƿţҶҽŲһ磬߽
ҲܣҾҪ޸㡣
Ҷվ±ׯǰһļᶨ
±ׯüһû˵ǿʼʪյ
ֻѵµʱͻȻЩԾͷһͼҶֱĿ
ôߡ
Ҫ𣿡
ҶգˮĴ۾޹
±ׯüһЦЦ˵Ī㻹Ҫԡ£
˭֪ôһ˵Ҷҵ۾
ѽѽĻͦõģƤҲְۣٺ١
Ҷҵ۾±ׯǻ
±ׯһҶҵͽ˳ȥ
ҶڸĴһֲſ˴ϡ
ֻǻڴϿٳһʯӾʹƴͷ
ٿͰڳ
ˮ±ׯĺȴ˿
ҶŶͷصĺһ󲻸ĵˡ

²ҶҰ˸źĴѾǧ죬ǧźҶԡҶҲ˼ȥˡ
ҶСҲһδǵɶģʱǧҲ󣬲
õҶң¶СɫӾӨ鶯ŷˡ
Щûˣû뵽ﹺլӣ˾ʹظôС˶
ǧҶҾùӣ˵ŴȤĻǰԼЦˡ
δŵӡ
ҶڴأСϷ棬ֻǿǧֻɰ
ǲȢ׵ģкȥͻ뿪ɡ
ǧ̾һĳȰ˵š
Ҷһɻ󣬲ǧΪʲô˵Ļ
⸮Īʲô˵޲ɣΪβ
ǧ쿴ҶСһ棬뽫Ȱ⡣
ûг˵ޣ
ǧ죬ôڵģ˵Ľ㰾𡣡
ǧĻδ˵꣬һֺǧСС
ѲѾˡ
ʲôȻôҪ½ǸͿѾͷҪǳʲôӣǵ𡣡
ǧ컰䣬Է͸
ҶҼǧһΪѣӴһĳǧ˵ǧ㣬ˣûг˵ޣ۸˵Ů֡

 2 

Ҷһ˵꣬ǧͽһЦ
续Ǹ˼
ҾǸ˼
ҶҴ̽ͷգں͸Ĵ۾ֱ续˫Ŀð
ۼ续ҪŭҶͻȻԤ׵ĳ
Ӵôˣôö˶˵ĵˡ
ǧ쿴СһһһʵĿģ۵üš
ѾͷҸǰװģҸ㣬Ϊ˸ϴ֦Ұ֣ڸﵹҹ䡣
续̧°һưﰹ̱ŭűСóª
续̫ˡ
ǧ̲סҲʱϢվ±ׯǧ΢ζɨҶһۣ˳Ĺ
ˡ
续һ˲䶶ɸӲӻͷ
ڿ±ׯ˫ںӺ续ͨһڵء
󡭡ˣҡ
续ϥйȥץס±ׯĿģֻǻûϣͱ±ׯһŸ߷ˡ
Ҵʲôʱֵˡ
±ׯ죬ü纮˪ѰԲ԰׵ӡĻ£ľһȡ
޵𾢵Ҷұŵһ£漴˸ð˸ݡ
ۿˮĸ𾢣űǼⶼ
ȥ÷ɡ
±ׯƳҶһۣҶСȹɵĸȥ
һ޺ͣƵģǰ±ׯĮͦıӰԼԮһͻȻסĿڡ
ͻıˣҶֱ޵˶ڴֲҿ޳һҭһҭֱ顣
ء
Ҷ͵ײ±ׯͣļݾĨ˳ϸ·ϡ
Ǹӡӿ˺ðΣͼ±ׯתǸ
˰ɣ÷ҲˣǲҲͣˡ
±ׯźÿŶͳỺɤҶһɫӯᡣ
ˣպʮ꣬Ҳ칤ʵӣһ£Ǯûõ֣ˡ
ҶԽԽѹһ뵽ûֵļǧǮˮͺߡ
±ׯǵĻһǰСһﵽʲôÿ޵ġ
Ӧˣɿ˫ֱ۾Ө͸д˿˿еС
ԳһЩɬһҶҵĴȣһסı
һΪҵͱˡ
±ׯҡͷЦҶҿԼСԴĿһһı
ˣ÷ġ
ءСûⰡ
УʲôⶼС
ǡҪԺ⡣
ãھóȥ
Ҷҵôһ㰲οֲ˲ӣָ͸Һ壬üԥһ漴İõĲ±ׯ·ϡ
§ס±ׯĲӣĬļͷһ˫鶯ӱ
÷ʱҶҲ֪⸮ﵽж壬Ϊ±ׯôλȨص̫࣬ôҲһ˹ͣټլ˹ܼҳ²±ׯ˵ϼ仰˽һԡ
ͷҲ̧
ҶͻȻЩͬ±ׯ±ׯԷ˶ûС
ôţҶҵθڸˣͦҪġ

²µЧʺܿ죬˰ʱ֣ѾΪҶҴһСԺŮҵĶҲӦоУҶҴҲֻɫ˹ӡ
ҶڴϿҡҷİ⣬һͻȻú
ſյֻһˣİĵطİİ裬ƵڶλƳױ̨ϵͭһİֱĿԼ
ҶȻƿӳŽ˳ȥܹ೤ѵĻȣʯӵĻ԰С·ڿ±ׯķڻ
һ˳Ӱǰдʲô
ͻȻİķ˲
˭
±ׯһſڣڿŵҶҺɫ鱾סϵֽü䵭Ŀ
ôˣ㲻Ϣʲô
Ҷ±ׯĴѸٵ¸Ǻñӣɵգ۾˵һ˺£ů
±ׯݵüĽ壬ȥ
ҶҼҡҡͷһ˫ֽ߬űӡ
Ұ㶪ȥ
±ׯ˵žͳϵҶұƽ
ҶͰ͵ĺδŵϱ㲻ôҡ
±ׯŲһͣ෢۵üġ
ȥѽϴɾ
СһҲ֪εʲôŵЬҲľ˽
Ҷգգۣ漴Ӧϲص˴
˵
˳ȥɸ̤˻
úڣ᲻һȥ͹Ųҽˡ
±ׯҶҵ˸Ųί̾˿

Ҷϲ̵ϣ˫ľͰȥǰ续ʵʵĻŪĴ죬ϵֻôҲס
ˣ
续ҧҧûסĲʳ
±ׯһɨ续ŵĲֻȥʱĿҶһۡ
˵Ȼ㲻У˼Ѿ߻֦ͦģϧˡ
Ҷҡͷ
СģСһӣ±ׯ;ЩЦ
ϧʲô
ϧѾˡ
Ҷ̧°һĽ˿֪ƤΪ
̧ʪܵĽڿĨ£ʹҪ±ׯȥ
±ׯҲ룬е˹ֻûбһתҸ¡
ιôһŮ
Ҷҵ˫Ȳͣţ±ׯüһ˵Сһ㼰𡣡
Ѿʮ
ԭļ䣬ҶҴС¿ɴ󲮼ֻǴ󲮼ҵĺӶӹ࣬ԼʹƣҲûӿԼҺӸҶŴ
Ҷʮʱ򣬴󲮹Ҷұ˳˼˷ôЩԭİСԿŲҲʮӡ
ҶҿͲҲպǸѣеĳ
Ǹӡ
±ׯô˵Ҷ̲סЩɻ󣬹ŴŮӲ޵𣬰˵ʮ꼰ǵŮѾǳˣǿСȷʵˡ
Ѳɡĵһ±ׯµһ϶ĵ˵ͷ
ֵͦõġ
˯ɡ
±ׯҶҵ콫ϣҶұ벻Ŀ飬־Լֻ̫֣ƲӦˡ
±ׯΪԷҪһû뵽Ĺɡ
Ҷҵͷ˳˳ëΪ׼һ˿
ҹʱ֣ԭȥҶͻȻŵԽ磬±ׯ޶ӣ򿪷Ȼ˳ȥ
ԭ˯±ׯ˫ۣһ˪Ŀ͸¹ŷ졣
ϢߵſڣͼҶԺٿӣϻ߶ʲô
±ׯ΢УעҶЩΪ
Ȼͦϧģ⣬úõĻŰɣΪûüյĶʮ갧
Ҷͽٳ˸СӣڻûһԼģֻּһƬҶָ滮Ҷ֡
ҶѳһСģһ֦м䵱
ϵӳСϣǼһᣬ̲סᡣ
һúġ
˵꣬ɾϵᣬմϵĻңŵĻ˷
ϵ±ׯ뿪ʱ˯ģ
ԭҪȥ齵ҶͻȻŲһգֱ±ׯĴ
ϱһ˯ְɡ
Ұοڲ±ׯҶ˴ͷ±ׯϸ徫µ٣ֵ˵ıӡ
Ǹأٺ١
Ҷҵѽ±ׯ¶ȵıӣƣϯ
±ׯİ˫ҶҵĿЩɬ

 3 

Ҷڴ˲ʶĨ˰ͣѹӲ˱ϣ׼˯
˯ú𡣡
±ׯҶһһ飬ãȻ˫ۣ˺һŷӦԼڵĴ
˸ͼ±ׯʲô
ֻתʱ±ׯְĶŽ˻ֻϡһɫı߽ǡ
硭Ϻá
ҶЩӣ˵ʱԼû̫࣬췴ӦˣôЩ˼
ȻˣôҳŰɡ
±ׯü䵭̧뿪ֻǸһתͷ´ҶҼۡ
ǵҪЩ
ҶƲƲ죬ĳŽŻط
ҶҺòǧİ´ú󣬾ͼһ˶ٵ˸߲ҵΧ±ׯ˵ʲô
±ׯҲţϸ֮ĿЩ͡
Ҷ˲һ㣬Ѳ±ׯգϲ
͵ҡͷﻮµĲ룬漴ȻһΣС
ҶüǸ꣬ɰããǸС
±ׯע⵽վڲԶһصҶң֣
ҶҵۿɼٶȹЦݣŲ±ׯ˹ȥ
ҶңС½С͸ߵˡ
±ׯĽܣ۵ϽǴŲ˵ζ
һᡣ

±ׯüһŰԴЦĴǣ˳ȥ
ߣİϣ²Ҳǵģʲô˶
˫ֻ٣ĿưԽҶҡ
ҶЦһ󣬳ʱһŲȵЬӣûӦʱСȷɿԽֻһƵĻ
ҿδŮӡ
Ҳ˵仰С½ĳжҶôҲû뵽±ׯҪȥĵطȻ֪ĸá
ǰϤʯʨӣֻýŲԽĳ
߰Ĳ뿪ʼﻷƣ±ׯ棬½ͻɡ
ֻҪһ뵽ܣҶҵһ
׷±ׯСĹס֡
±ׯָһͷĬĸ
Ҷҧҧǿֲĵ˵ҺܺģֻǶľ˲ųô⣬ڻСٳһҾͼ޸㣬һ㣬ϡ
ҶҾУ˫峺͸۾ע±ׯרע
±ׯͻȻһԾḧҶҵס˫㴿۾
Ҳߵġ±ׯ˵ŴƬַ̣˵¡
±ׯֻоı˳Ľëɨ˵С
µС¶ĵЦݣСɵľ׹յࡣ
֪ΪΣһøгӯӦʱѾԾ
ˣնһСľ͹˵Ĺ٣ڴֲѾã롣
֪ܶԼ˶Ķӣһ·Ŷϵĺˮ˹
ҶԷ秵ľſľ;úЦ
ܶҲע⵽˻ȻһµҶңֻҶڸ±ׯߣܶҲֻ͵͵Ŀһۡ
أֱá
±ׯǴŻϽеˮƲϵعﲩҲһٵĺõشֻǽȴвٵİհԹ˰ټȥܶ
Ǹ̰۸ܣܻ¸ǿŮС
±ׯ˽´̽ȴĵ;Ҷҵ£ȻѾܶʶֱӵÿ
⡭
ܶϻһĨ亹䣬±ׯӱһ˵һ䲻֡
ҶҿȤĪһپɵ
߸ϵˣڶķ

ˮλͷĴʹˣԵõԩ󣬲Ƭ̣;ۼ˴İա
żټյľº
Ҷһ㾪ȣû뵽ԷһŵŮӡ
ʱٿţŮӶ˵ֹȻ͢ٵӶ˼ŸŮӲˣˣѶг͢ٵĶ
º
±ׯƤһۡ
ǡ
ºļֱͦϴžǿ
ܶŮãԾȦŮѰ֣ܻ¸ԩµ޵նס
±ׯɨе״ֶֽһߡ
Ϊºü΢һ㻳ɡ
ǡ
Ѫˡ
һԵܶסæǰָºߵڰס
ȻģǸԩˡ
ûǣĵҪҶң֪ʲô
±ׯһֳֻ򢣬ķֹܶ׾ӵϷ롣
¹١¹ټຣڸɨϴѾߡ
ܶһתֱ׳˵Ʊ֮ʡ
ҶĺЦҲ治Ц
ܶһһϣȴҲҵ±ׯΡ
ô˵֮٣֪Ҵ˷Ϊɷָк
±ׯ˵ָҶҵĶĻǣ˳򢻡Ҷ۵Ĳ䡣
Ҷһգ۾ҲҶȴ˿ûҪ뷨
١
ºŭôȳ±ׯָһ٣۽Ƴºһۡ
ܶ׼±ׯ˾پʲô˼ʶ˳Ӧ
˵¸Ȼʲôеġ
仰ұˡ
±ׯҶҵԴϴЦЦ顣
ܶʲô˼ͼС½˱ĵʯһѪ㽦ء
ܶͷ­µµĹ̨ס
±ׯ˲סҶҵۡ
ҶֻüһѪ⣬̶ļ
ε֪պϵʱֻ¸̡֪
±ׯûйһסºҶҵСԴ߳á
ҶգգۣǼһŨѪζЩʣ±ׯߴӰסߣǿҵĺ̲סͷһۡ
ͷ±ׯ˳סСԴá
Ĵ±ׯһ£Ҳֻࡣ
±ׯֱǰҶҵͷ˵СһϻطԼ˯
ҶһͲˣɻ±ׯְ
ϰԵĺ±ׯţͷһС½ſҪ̧ȥ°ͣǸ߰ӵӣλεľҶҡ
Ҷһתϲ̵§ס±ׯƵüһЦ
С½˫ֻ٣һͷ͵⿴һۣ漴춼
Ҷҿֺǣֵһ±ׯﲻ̾Ŀá
±ׯ˵϶˯ĻǱԺ
±ׯƣйݡ
ϿĺʱɲܷŹ
һ˻صլӣɸº׷˹
±ׯĿбӴߵСһؼңֻºȴΪĳ±ׯǰ
ӭӵĳ²΢㶣ֻԼҴôԴˮغһҲ˲١
ΪҪɱ
ºϴ˲ŭ
Ҷҿº϶ǰѪǸӵǺ˵Ľ
ִҶңʶľס±ׯ
ⲻԸ𡣡
±ׯҶҵСԴĿ䵭롣
ºԷ˿Լʵҧҧ
ǵȴǽҲ޲ɣӦɷã֡ʱն
±ׯüЦһһƽվȻڽһ͢ʲôɷ
֣ºЩŵĿ±ׯĶ
ȴ±ׯƿº󲽿լӡ
⣬ұǵɷ

 4 

Ҳ֪ºôģһֱլҲԸ뿪ƫϻܶѪҹɫӳ£Ե㺧ˡ
²ʵڿȥһúõĹ浱񣬱㽫˽úõʰһ
ôˣüͷôܼһֻӬˡ
ǧҶһ˳°ϣһСɸӣҲ֪ʲô¡
ǧҶҲͷȥǧѾʮˣһŮõʱ򣬰͹µξһҰˡ
ҴյĽˣᵽŮȻ㡣
Ҷ߽æǧ죬һ§סǧֻЦڿɲ㡭ѽ
ǧʧɫһֻһֻ٣ҪѪա
ҶҿԼСֻ֣̾˿ֶ˼С˴롣
еȳȥһˣϲøƵơ
Ҷ˵˳ȥôŶǲܻԼ˯ġ
һ·ºڿͷԡ£ſ˴ϣֻǻû˫أ±ׯץס
ôĪŮҲȤ
ûûУֻȤ
Ҷ˫ڵһȴãԾʹͷԼһ±ׯš
֨ѽһ򿪣ºŸԡ߳ϵĳʪյĴţŲִ٣ºѩ׵Ĳ¶һƬҲˮڵκˡ
㡭
ºЩȵĿ±ׯ漴ҧ´ϴյɫ
ҶһͷﻹףһڴϷءһ
±ׯ΢漴˿˿Ц⡣
Сһ
±ׯ˵Ҷ뿪ȴڸպºʱֶס˽Ų
һº˲Щ֪Ľ
֪﷼伸Ρ
±ׯͳˣһƷһ㻮ºĶϡ
ºһǿװ򶨵Ĵ𣺡պʮˡ

±ׯй˿˿ҵЦ˺εºһ˲֪롣

Ҷڴأ±ׯһʵĿ飬͸ץӷһܡ
ΪʲôΪȥ͵ºϴ£ΪʲôҽΪνºΪʲôô˻˯ѵ
Ҷ￩һæҪ´±ׯľٶ۽һƳҶҾ¶ʵʵĴЬӡ
һһŲߵ±ׯߣװģһ±ׯĿбӣƤӶûһ¡
ҶԾ±ׯ֮Ŀյ±ׯĴȣԼ±ׯ֮ߡ
±ׯָһ漴˹ķ鱾µĵͷҶҡ
ǲϲ
ҶұӣŲ˸±ׯϡ
±ׯüһһֲֻԾķҶҵͷš
Ϊôʡ
㶼ˣ󣬻׼͵ϴ衣
ҶЩеıƽ±ׯǼűǼ⡣
±ׯͷһƫܿ˺ŵľ룬һֻϵ΢΢ճȭ
ΪʲôҪ͵ϴ衣
Ҿ뿴ĺòá
ҶҴֱ׳ھ͸СϺһС½Ǿ䰫Ȼûе˲ʹġ
ھҪЩŮӣΪûеȱݡ
±ׯЩʧЦסҶҵı˦˦ְҸߡ
ôûȥ˯ˣСֻкúϢܳߡ
Ҷ±ׯ˵һ仰ʱЦ⡣
ʹôҲҪ±ׯķôô׵ıߡ
ôţҶҿʼӴӴĽл±ׯƳһۣŲûһ֡
ҶҺһ嶯ֱ֮Ӷ±ׯҧһڣֻ±ׯҲûҶҲûܺݵǸġ
ҶҾӭǧЩ𾪵񣬱˷
úϢ
±ׯô仰͹뿪
Ҷ˫ֻ٣ͣȥ
ǧ쿴ôСֻȤҶȥˡ
ǧȥ壬Ҷһת򿪴͵͵˳ȥ
·ҵ±ׯķţ滹𣬱ſڵϢ
Ƭ̣һƬڰҶЩȣƽ±ׯϢô
ûж룬ӭƬ̺󣬱С˽ȥ
Ҷҿ׾پƿķţЩֹ
Ŷ˨һ㾯ĶûУҪ͵͵Ǳô졣
ҶҰţְ˨ġ
ͷ±ׯĿ˯ģЦ˴
ߣ汿
ҶС±ׯѽ˱Ϥ¶ȽΧ쳣̾һ
ĵס±ׯָİнЩֻſ
ƣݵ˯ҶҵĴԣûע⵽±ׯǡ

ߵߵߵ
ҶЩñӽԼͷִŵ
˫ۣŴֻһбڴϣ±ׯѲ֪ȥ
´ˡ
ɤҶ˲ѹЬܹȥţԼСεĵſڡ
ºŵµҶ͵һ㶣漴ЩȻ˵ҡ´ˡ
Ϣûա
Ҷҵ۾Ĩ˰۽ǵʺ˶ǰ춼û
ºֻ賯һƳ㽫ĳ辡۵ףҲֻ齣δҵľ
֪´˵ʲôˡ
Ҷһˣȵľ⡣
δŵӡ
Ҷ̧°ͣһĽ
ֻºȴʲôЦ
Ǵĳˡ
ºѹҶЩİ
Ҷһɾ裬ֱֱӭºĿ⡣
ΣҾҪ޸
һ̫ߣԸ𣬾֪㲻ʶհɡ
ЩˣֻҪһ۾͹ˡ
ҶĿȻĿǴаЦº
ռºһºֱ߰һжѪԣǰ欴Σյº
Ҷɫһ䣬촽΢Ҫ˵ʲôº졣
Ҹ´ˣçײó嶯£޼ҿɹ飬Ϊɱֻܶ񹷵ĴºԸ´˵¡
Ҷ΢쿴˲ºţƿºҪ±ׯ˵ʲôֻ±ׯȴû
֪߲ʲô˶ġ
ºףºڼκ˲ֻ´ܸºһϯ֮ء
ºʹ˵ĻǸ߰ģԸͷ­
Ҷֻ˿£±ׯһļУֻȴ±ׯ˼
±ׯתҶҵСԴЦЦȻѾұ㽫кβɣֻ⸮Ĺرֻ˵˲㣬ʲôҪʲô
һ仰±ׯתζ
ºһ㶣˿˿ΣŴ˵
޴ӣֱ±ׯЦ
Ҷҿð𣬼±ׯҲصĲ±ׯһţֱת뿪ºҶҧҧֻ±ׯˡ

 5 

ԴǸºסլҶҾͱ˸ճ˾Ǵ粽ĸ±ׯ
±ׯŲԶéٿԼСβֻͣЩͷۡ
Ȼȷʵ˶ŪСһģֻû뵽ЧᳬԤ֮⡣
Ҫޡ
֪
㡭
Ұ㿴š
ҶĿƵĶ±ׯſĿƵ·
˵ʵǰʷûѧãи̫ǰ֪ûС񵽵׸ôꡣ
ҶұһС࣬±ׯ˿֪СһʲôĶ
úôš
±ׯʵ̲סˣֻҶҵͷϵһߡ
ҶҲ˵ľ죬˫ֻһéǰ
ֻǵãҲһ㶯ûС
˺һż±ׯһ˳
С½

Ҷɻգգۣôޣ˻ˡ
ҴԶһ㡣
±ׯֻҪŸСѾͷôҲû취úõޣҲĿŵĶҶҵĶ䣬űŲԼ˻
ϡ
С½ˬĴӦҶԺСӾͰˡ
±ׯ˿ȥñ
Ҳ֪Сһﵽʲôʮ벻ˡ
֣֣ûûС
ҶһĵС½צӣ˵ԼСӡ
٣˭ûûСҿɱ㻹鳤ꡣ
С½˵ŻţЩĸҶҡ
˵ҶҲѾǣƫžûСѿ˭ܵͷۡ
ôδŮˣҪҡ
ҶҲʾڳһŰӡ
ֻС½ȴƲЦһ¶Щ
ڿɲһɡ
Ҷ˲˪һ
֪ô£ºȫԼĸ߰ն±ׯ밲Ҷ˲赹ˮĻҲŸɣҪ˵Ҷ±ׯһʱʱܼº
ٵ⣬ɲǸʡ͵ĵƣĵ±ׯģٲҲѹһͷ
ҶüһŲ߷С½
С½ǲףϾŮѧ̧°·ԽԽᡣ
磬ȰŪߣʣ
ҶҳС½üպ廹ʵ⡣
С½°Ƭ̣Ů˵ĹȷʵҪ֣Ҳֻˡ
ãҴӦ㡣
ҶֿһЦС½Ҳ𴽣˵ﶼųĹ⡣

ˣò衣
º±ׯ㶯д֣ԷҪȥĥīҶҹ˽ë׵Դ±ׯĻ
ôˡ
ѧд֡
ֺ͹ʱķֺ񣬵Щı仯Ҷֻϵʮֲ㡣
ãѧʲô
±ׯЦЦĿŽԼռСһЦֱҪ
±ׯҪѧ±ׯ
Ҷһһ˵ĺ档
±ׯüһʵΪҪѧ֡
ߵҶϵ֣ҲͲҲˡ
ŮЩŴ±ׯһ⡣
±ׯһҶҰΧ
ã㣬Ҳˣͱҵ֡
Ҷ̲סϲ̵ֿ͵Цɵ±ׯָʱЦݾͳ׽סˡ
⡭ཱུСצ±ׯֻ˳֣ӲİѱӦٯٯķΧһɸТĴС
⼸ڸٶٴĳԵúˣҶұΪܺúõķһ£һû䣬ȴһ㶼ûٳ
ҶڳԷˡ
ҶƵУԱ߾һʮϸ΢Ц
±ׯûлͷסҶҵֽд֡
Цʲô
ŴҶҹദպҶҹﳤҪޣֻ´˻ʮᡭ
ѡһºδ˵ĻҶɫѿĴºĥīɫī֭Ⱦºɫ·һʱЩء
ֻ±ׯϻǸɫı顣
û˵𡣡
±ׯҶҵСԴ˹ڰɫֽһһĹա
ʲʲô
±ׯºһʱЩ׼̬ȡ
ҶҾҸԼδŵӡ
Ҷҵ黺±ׯҲѾдꡣ
Ƕ˶Ҷ֡
ǡ˵ˡ
ºЩѿԸ˰±ׯߣȻҲҶǰԡ
ΪҶҵ±ׯҲֻС
ҶѵõЩ죬һ±ׯϵɴ࣬ͦ˼ġ
ºº±ׯЩŤҶҾЩЦ
գƢԽԽˡ
±ׯϣһѽҶҷϡ
ҶһεСȣҲ˿ģ
Ҳϲ˵Ļ˵һ޸㣬һ޸㡣
±ׯЩҶҶִҶҵ껹С˭Ҳ˵պı仯
±ׯֻûжҶҵĻ档
±ׯû뵽ǣҶҶͲִô򵥡

±ׯ֪£ܶѱ±ׯӦҪؾģֻҶҲŶ˼գԾ͵ȵµ֪Ρ
ѹ֮ڣû֪Ӱ
ǰռǵС±ׯ
С½ŽĹٵȥӦһλ֪ջûеԺͶóˡ
±ׯһЩ
С½ͣĸ˳ȥֻǸߵſڣͼһų۵ĵ߽˸á
㡭ǡ
ԷŴ˵ȡ
С½ץסԷҲܶԷ۵ֱӽ±ׯǰ
ˣε֪ˡ
±ׯ΢΢̧ɨõֻ΢ۣЦ
½½״Ԫδˡ
½Ŷϵĺ±ׯһ𣬱Ͳ԰׵СŸѪɫ
㡭㡭
½ָ΢ָ±ׯ±ׯֻһɨ½ŵ˻ȥ
һߵҶҿЩɻܶ±ׯʱˣλ½ҲˣǵΪ˾±ׯ
±ׯǸʮֵˡ
˵գǵڼˡ
±ׯķ½Сָæһ
ġգֻڣ·˽ٷˡ
½ϴĽٺ±ׯû¶ԣ⼸ȵʵķ½ǸЩΨΨŵŵӱǿۡ
õηǻûɡ
±ׯһ֣Աߺŵ˱Ҫǰ½
Ҷգ۾Ķ±ׯ˵Ҳû
±ׯһ٣Щס֡
ǿɲʲôõطŵجΣϿɲҪҵĴ
±ׯô˵½ŵֱת۾ЩĿ±ׯֿСϺһҶҡ
㡭㡭ޡ
½±ׯһָ
±ׯµü½Ҷ
ȥ̷ɣʲôƹ̾ߣҲ㲹ϡ

 6 

½ͱ˴ӵ̧˳˵±ׯҪؾӲ֧˫ɸȹ͡
Ҷҿ½̶һҹĥһȾúЦ־ͬ飬Ҳ֪ʲô
˵治ˣ
½ϱֳ飬˫Ź۾ȴôҲزס
±ׯüһװģĳƬ̣½ŵʿˮ
㣬Ȼ·ˡ
½Ų԰׵Сֽ±ׯҲŻ
±ׯѾ׼Ĵ뿪ˣ½ϲЦտɵ±ׯһͷ½šüǿԼ죬ӲļһŤı顣
Ҷҿź棬ƺͱЩḯһȤĽ
¹پˡԶˡ
½±ׯһƳнԶ
㵽ʲôΪʲôô㡣
ҶССſ±ׯϣ°һĺ档
Ҳûʲô볯ĵղСĳײ˴ˣ˾Ͱ˴¹һҹ˭֪ѪһѪΣڶձ̧ʱ׵ľ͸ֽһԺǿŴ˶ҪƵˡ
С½ÿ˵ԼЦ
ҲǴãƽյĻɾͲǹһҹô򵥣ǡ
С½
±ׯĻһС½ֹס˻ͷҶźСЩ˵ƲƲ졣
ô˵ˣʲô
ҶҼС½³æ⻽ֻС½ȴһӦûС
±ׯҶҵСԴι˿ڲ衣
ʲôô𡣡
Ҷҿ±ׯЦֻǶ档
Ҷҽ˵С±ׯûסȥ
㲻֪ġ
±ׯС˸ι״ӣҶұȵľ죬˵ֻӣ±ׯйһЦ
ҶұЦЩգĿ±ׯ֣˫ֻųڣһӡ
±ׯûҶңŴĺ춹ҧһڣҶһú׶ӣסҶҵС˦˦
ˣ㿴ҵֶˡ
±ׯ˵Żֻź춹֣ҶƳһûƳһۣһھ±ׯ㡣
ֻ±ׯûпĵطһĨӺͷŭ
±ׯջ֣Ħָ⣬񻹲һĴС
ˣǰûվЪŵĵطҿǲҰͣһ
ºڳֻ˵⵽С½ķԡ
УǴ˴ӲҰҹӿٶȣǰҵŵĵط
ֻǡ
ûֻǡ
С½Ƴºһۣ߰һ
±ׯû˵רעĿҶһһСԴ
ǳԱ˷Ҷ˫ֹɵķϥϣֻСԴȴʱʱĻζһ¡
±ׯȤסҶԺСӣһǻδ˵СҰģǧҶĿɰС͸ôӡ
ҶҵıӣҶҵͷǰԵʱõҶ
ֻҶûѣ˳ͷҰ졣
±ׯĲֱֺС½滽˺ü±ׯŻعһʾׯ
ˣǰиջҪҪȥЪһ
ĽҰĵطֿջҪôǺڵҪôɽľݵ㡣
±ׯҪܾҶʵĲеͻȻһ١
ȥżͷ
ǡ
С½̸ף±ׯһҶҵĴȻԼ࣬һָֻҶҿԼϵͷ籧һһ㡣
͡
ꡣ
áϣ͹롣
СߴˣһٿŵŮˣﻹŸʮĺӣ߰Ĳ
˽ǽ»ӣСµһ㰵⡣
ǵƫԶԵʣջЩƾɣ̤϶¥¥ʱľ廹˳ص֨ѽ
º±ׯҶһطҧҧ̲ס˵һ·۳Ͷ٣ͽҶҹｻϰɡ
±ׯͷҲûأ̧ſ˷ţֻһڷɢȥĻ
Ҳ˯š
ҶҲԴӣ˯ĺ
±ׯ뽫ҶҷڴϣֻǿɫЩ¾ɵޱ㲻ݵüԾҶſԼĻ˯
С½ţ±ׯ˵ذɣҹ
ǡ
±ׯ뿿αϣҶҵķ˿ںڰ±ׯ˫˿Ҷദʱ
紵˴򿪵Ĵˡѡһ˯ŵҶбŵһ±ׯæҶҵļ
ֱҶҵĺ೤±ׯغá
ʱһֻܴǰŵĴ˽
±ׯסҶҵСӣǾӨҺ壬ε˴
춯ǰ͵˿±ׯվıӰŵһ٣û뵽ôûιȥ
±ׯź޶ӣĲ˵Ȼ˹ȥ
ɽˮ㿪ڵҲⱾ֪·ĽٷˣӾȻô󡣡
˴Ȼ̺־͵˹ٵһֻ߽ݾ˲Ż·
±ׯعӰµ˿ɫ
ĵС֪ôЩ㷲ԾսĲ˵
ҽѪſţԼ߳ȥ
±ׯ˵꣬ͱ
СЩŵ˿ĭҪҪǰʱһʵçŲصĴ˽
ÿ
ƿСŸӾͳ˹Ŵ󺺵ĺҶ۾һ¡
±ׯҹɫ͵һ
Ρ
䣬ֻһӰ󺺵Ĳӱ㱻һĿӡ
ҶҸۣʼɽѪʹŤס

ҶҷһУ˶Сָǽľ±ׯ·һʧһ㡣
ôˡ
ºС½˹ͼصѪͱŵ˿ӵĵС
±ׯ§Ҷңһȡ
ɽկ
ҪҪ
ҶҺµų±ׯ³һųȥš
ǡ
С½һ

ҶҾ˴󲡣òСҲۿɼĳ̶ȥɫ԰ǲͣð麹
ǧ۵İҶҲźҶұС֡
ˣȥҲǰ취
²ôСﱻųҲýģ±ׯΪͽҶҶ
±ׯߺò˸㣬ۼô²ϣҶ뿪±ׯߡ
ˣǰһС򡣡
ȥ̽·С½һϲϢ
±ׯûд𻰣ֻ΢һףӿٶȵǰʻȥ
ֻһΣ±ׯûлҶߣǳĬϡ

 7 

ΧĺڰƵ˴ڱƵĿռԾѹ͡
Ҷҹԣڳֻ𣬵ȥʱ͵͵Ĺȥ绰Ҫκ˷㡣
ʮҶҶڴ£ԺﻹŰְֱһͱĳµֱð麹
ҪҪġ
ľס½ǲ뿪
費ȥġ
ǡΪʲôҪɱˡ
Ҷҵֶͣʮƽ˳ͻһʱĿ־嵽˶塣
ÿ˵ﶼסһħЩΪǮʲôóҶңֻȻС˵Բ𡣡
˵꣬Ҷҽ߬½ǵ־ͱˡ
ֻŵĴֳ˷֡
ûǮеǮѾѳˡ
˴Ʊ½ַھӶ֪
ҥԣǸûôǮ
ڲңƱһȥģƾʲôûУǲǰѲƱˡ
ûС
Ҷþȫ˳ֻˮģߣǰ·òײһƬڰУֻһ⡣
ιι٣ǡڡ

ŮˣͿһҲ˳ˣһģƾʲôһҹúãޡ
Ҷҽ죬˵˵ַȻŵſڣ˳ŷ쿴豻סͷ
ɱǷģǱץסˣǾҪɷ
ҲҪûһ졣
һĶЦȻץסŮ˵ͷʹͷ
ģۻģ˸Ʊǻݣȴһ᲻ãƾʲôƾʲôҪһֱӣƾʲôǻıҺá
˼ʲʵŭУˮŮ˵ĺѪһأŮ˰ʹ۾ǵŷ졣
Ҷ˶̱ڵϣˮľ²԰׵ҧŴûзһС
ŵץסʲôȴСš
ѡһһת͵ؽŹ
иСǰɣ
ҶСĵϣĲ񻰣ֱ洫˰ĵľŻһʧȥʶ

ҽŮûʲô°ɣĲ࣬˵ʲôʲô˺Ӧϰ
һũ帾Ů˫ֲķϥϣɣҲžͽš
ģʱĹ۲죬״̬ûʲôصļֻ˵ǰӦǸͥнĺӡ
ǡǵģǶŮְֲͥرǰϲˣԸЩϲ֣ڿرòҼҲܾ˵ȥѧˣҪȥǮ
С̶԰ɣڿܼȱȫУҪߵ飬ʵ˵״̬ѾȽϽˣֻеײ֢
ǡûбֳǵӣǰˣǰһ˳Ŷ߶Լҹˡ
ļͥȻǺܺãɷӣǵļͥҲԼĽɫԻԼһʵľ롣
ʲô˼
޷ǵļͥΪûʺĽɫ˵ĻһԸⰮˣͻȫڶԷϡ
ŮȻСûҺгϢ̫үүʱ˵ˣǸиˡ
Ҳţһġ

ˣˡ
ǧ˵ĿҶۣæǰҶңһͱҶҷӦҵĿ֡
ҶҵžãȻƻûлع
Ҷңǧ㰡
ǧСǱŻˣȥҶԲ峺ͻȻˮ԰׵ӯ˱ˡ
⡭
ǧ콹Ĳ֪ôźãʱ±ׯ˽ҶҧŴ޵ӣüһ壬ƿǧ졣
ҧ
סҶҵ°ֻͣҶôҲԸⷢһҲͨ죬ۿžҪ޵ı
޳
±ׯɫķ·ܵγˮǧ쿴һҪȥȰ裬ֻ־ôʱ˵ķΧﲻʺٲһˡ
ޣ
±ׯϼʹҶſ죬Ѫ±ׯģ±ׯһȴԽĳ
޳
Ҷģп±ׯѿɫ±ׯĵĺۡ
Сֽľס±ׯڣڷһè
±ׯɫһɣҶ౻ࡣ
ԣ޳ͺˣ£һᱣġ

ҶСʱ˺ޣŨıֻŻҶҵΧ
±ׯ§סҶС壬ڰ

Ҷҿ˺˯˹ȥôûٷˡ
ֻҶҼʹУҲʱʱŵþһ£Ҳץס±ׯ䲻Ը֡
ֻҪ±ׯһҶҾ;ŵ
±ׯֻþڴ˼ʱ
ˣЩɡ
º˶˽ҶұĿ˯ģһš
±ׯһĶҶҵϣûע⵽º
ȥ

ȥҲ˵ڶ顣
ºһĨޣʹʣҲ±ׯǰΡ
ȥҶҵҪǵϢһֲ©ĶҪ
±ׯ䣬һӰϢĴӴʧ
Ҷ̧ЩصƤֻоһֻůĴḧԼĶ
ЩĿŴ߰Ʈźܶ˼󶼱ůһһƽ
ˣȺҩҩٳԵ㶫
±ׯҶҰ뱧ԼϣԱߵһҩ֭
ҶҿǺںҺüһ壬ǼŨĿɬζʵıͷ
ࡣ
±ׯһڣźŰŰɵҶҺ¡
ֻҶҸڣһͿ
ƭˡ
±ׯЦָҶҹһڽȥ
ҶұǺĲͣĿԣ±ׯ߰űҩ
һҩְǿԵľٶУӲĺ˸ɾ
ҶҾί±ׯðû˵һ仰
±ׯԼӣҶҲһͿǺ°͡
ǧС˽Ҷҿȸͣӣææ
ôˡ
ҩ
±ׯҶߵ˷ǰǧ쿴ſյҩ룬ΰǺЦҡҡͷ
ҶҵĲУһˮİ࣬θһڣ˻ȥֻһһ£Ŀζð
ûа취ֻö๾ཹཱུȫȥ
±ׯοĸҶҵͷĵĸ˱衣
ӦǺˡ
ǧε̾һʵʵİѴþ뿪ˡ

 8 

·ôһ飬ؾճ̱ӳôգչҶҵӱˣ˿ҲûʲôԵĵطǱ֮ǰӵ벻±ׯ벻֮ǰճЩ̫һ
ˣһ·۳Ͷٵģ㻹ҪչҶҹҲЩƣҶҹٳЩˣһҲܶЩ£¶Ŵˡ
ҶҪŵĲһ٣ºźһ˿İ
ҲҪֻҪԶɾãϾ˳ˣ˼Ͷˡ
±ׯ죬еĵͳɳơ
ǲ֪±ׯݵģ뵽Ǹ̫࣬ٿⷬò벻Ѱȣͼ׸ŮɲеĻ롣
Ȼº֪±ׯѰһŮǹܲסԼ˼
Ѳ浱Ҫһӣ֪˸Ͳ֪ҶҵĵϸʶҲ࣬οô˷ô񡣡
ºЩԽﶼԾĴЩ뼵ޡ
±ׯ۽һĿĿº
Խˡ
ºɫһݣŷӦææ¡
Ҷ̧ͷº˶Ƭ̣ҶȱߣŲĽ˷
Щʲô
ҶҸ˵ӣ±ׯҲԾһȡ
ҶҰԼĶһһĶ±ׯǰ
ǲ˹ģˣǴޣǺ«ֻʣһľǩˡ
Ҷһ°Ȼ˵ЩֵǮС⣬˵ЩɶĹ屦
±ׯˣЦЦĿҶҡ
ҵġ
ҶһǸ±ׯ·
ҶС±ׯʧЦ
ҾͿ

øôǾһҵġ
Ҳ




续õЦӵһСû˿ĵطŤ
Զº续ͣӰ¶һĨЦ

׼ûС
С½ø첲ҶңҶҲ͵һ
˺ˡ
ҶС½СӰϷЩεҡҡͷҪܻסººҲͲˡ
ÿ
С½ƿҶңĴӴ򿪣һֻӵĻŤӴӴ˽ȥ
һŵ˯ž
С½ĺٺЦҶҲƻС½ǵͯ棬ֻ˳˼˵ͷ
ϣС½˯þźã±ׯһ䷿ͲºҰô
ҶҲڶС½ͶµӰ·
١١ôˡ
ҶſĴϣСԴ˲
ץһϵ䣬Ҫ书ǿҿܾͼˡ
С½СĻӦҶң˵ŻȻͼС½ֱиİ
ͦģôһˡ
С½Ҷô˵ЩšüĴɨһۣû˲ŴյҶҵĶС˵ǣƨϸ࣬Ͽˡ
Ŷƨ˯
ҶЩ˼ľгŵС½ûܼʱסҶҵ졣
ȡ󡣡
±ׯҶҳС½ư˸Ž˻ȥ
С½ʲôʱϵˡ
±ׯװѯʣҶüһ䣬˵Сϵʱʱ
Сһﵹǿͨ͸
±ׯЦֵ˵Ҷҵıӣıڹóһ̸㡣
Ҷҿ±ׯߣҲ֣Լһ˳һ̡
±ׯҶҵķѵõЩƽ͡

ڵˡ
С½·һŤһŤĽ˸ҶҿլŻֺӴ󣬿¾ǻӵܵĸۡҲ˰ɡ
Ҷҹɵĸǧ󣬿ǧԼĶŽ˵һ᷿šüЩƵ̾˿
ôˣСС;ѧ̾ɲ
ǧҶẈ̂۵¶ϳɵı;ЩЦ
ûʲô·ϳԶˡ
ҶҾԼĸЩۣûж룬ֻΪǸԶˣڷ˼ϸô͵±ׯķš
լӿɱˮҪö࣬ûǰҵ±ׯķ䣬ٲҪĨ̽·
ţҶҳǧ첻һ·˳ȥ
Χյ᷿ĪЩˣ˲Ǻܶ࣬ºԺ͸ûסҲû˴ɨ
ֻԽĵطԽʲôܡ
Ҷûסĺ棬һ·ƫƧĺԺ˹ȥ
ȥʲô
ǰֵס·С½ͻȻҶһ
ѾķãɶЩϣƽﻹǱȥĺá
С½ƳҶһַۣһŤһŤˡ
Ҷĺ沢ûм٣Ҳ֪طʱȥˡ
û뿪ǸС½
ʲô
լֲֻһߵá
±ׯһǾͻعʱڸҶȤŸС½ҵ±ׯķ
С½֪ҶҵС˼ЩҶҸԼżһṦʧܺ
ιС
ҶƲƲ죬ȴȻһʹסˣ˲۵ȶЩôһĹȥ󣬻ͨ͸û
ЩǵİԼĸʼԼǳԻ˶

±ׯһֱûлظҶҶڷϣֻǰⶼˡ
ĿӣԾſš
ȵӣйܺŻ
ҳԲ¡
Ҷüƿǧ͵Լǰķ롣
ûθڣΪ±ׯδԭ
ǰЩӲţϺò׼˵ȥҲ֪ʱ
ǧĻҶҿԼСһ̾ǻ˷롣
ֻǿϵһڣҶҵθһڣ㡰Żһ˳
Ӵö˶˵ôˡ
ǧæǰҶҵıֵ˱ڡ
ҶҰ˰ֱʾԼû¡
Уǵ
ǧ쿴ҶҵСЩ԰ףæҪ²Ҷסˡ
û£⼸̫ˣһʱûл񡣡
Ҷü΢סһŵİ⡣
㲻ȻȥϢƬ̣ٸҡ
ǧϧҶҵĶҶҵͷסǧ֣ЩͰ͵˵Ҫ±ׯ˯
⡭
ҶЩСӣǧһ
úúã㡣
ʱ续±ׯķ䣬ǧҶҽʱ续һŤ˳ȥ
续㣬ҵĶЩܰҴȲ𡣡
续ҶҲĽŲһ٣΢΢һǸ߰ɨҶһۡ
Ǵ˵ѾߣƾʲôԸҡ
˺ˣȥȥ
ǧУȴҶ߲
Ҷ̧ͷ续¶һЦݡ
续㣬ĺòǰԻ˶ӣĲܰ𡣡
续Ҷ˫ɫӣ֪ôľЩ졣
ƲҶҾȻԸǶӦ

 9 

ǧ쿴Щߣûж룬Ͼ续ӣҶҲϲҲӦõġ
ҪҪ㡣
Ǵ֮ǧҶǸʱҪչ˵ĺӣ˾ͲС
Ҷȴܾˣߴǧ뿪
ǧ̾һеȼŷĵĽҶһڷ
Źϵǿ̣ҶȻأĽʹ亹ֱðֽŷ
̧ͷͭɫ԰׵ԼЦ
Ǻúݵġ
ڿһ˵ķڣҶ۵ЩŤ峺鶯ҲתΪǵı
ֱʹȥҶҲֽŷվŸԼ˱Ȳ衣
šѵһƿҶұһȲ赹Ҷҵֱϡ
˲ûйϵʹǲͷһٷ±ׯ
δʺϰɫһ׵Ĺٷĵ±ׯ̬޳üۼһ˿ºţ˼а
㲻Сġ
±ׯ̧߽ţͼҶҵֱϺһƬתӹóϺõҩҶҲá
ÿ
ҶҰſϣһ˫۾ֱĿ±ׯ
±ׯüһЦ˵֪ʲô𡣡
λȨء
Ǹ̫ࡣ
±ׯ͸ŹζҶȴ䡣
ôϲ͹ˡ
Сһ֪ʲôϲ𡣡
±ׯαϣ۽΢ĿҶңǹζĵЦ
Ҷ˫ֳϣһһ˹ȥ±ׯǼűǼ⣬ı˴˺š
õ㣬Ǿϲ
±ׯʵƶĺҶҶӣüһ䣬Цűͷ
Ǹӡ
±ׯϵĹٷ˳ȥҶæ±ׯ
Ҫȥʲô
ԡ
±ׯûйҶңԼ󣬲ȴĸЩ
ʼҶһû±ׯ˼ڿǸȻȪʱﶼų˹⡣
Ȫ
ȪǸ֡
Ҷҵ˼Ȫˮ±ׯһˮ
Ҷ̧ۿȥʱͼ±ׯӨĲļߣݵһһɼµˮ顣
±ׯָˮһһˮ㽫Ҷҵ˸ס
ӦҪˮˮֻĻԽԽ
ҶҶһ̲סֹܿһ󾢷紵㽫ҶƵ컹ǸҶһ͸
Щˣ
±ׯʯϱĿҲҶ۾Լ¶ơ
ˣˡ
Ҷʿˮèĵ±ׯķƽ
±ׯľ벻ֿɵã±ׯ˯ȥģһ㶯ûУҶԳԵЦ
Ҫ±ׯļʱٴδһʹҶҧţһ
±ׯëҪ۵ӣҶæһ±ׯ
ץסϵĲƤһ˫
죬ǻռ˵ĺ£ͱˡ
ôĪǻˡ
ʹȥҶԾſ±ׯ󣬰Щʪĳ
ôһ㾯ĶûУҪʲôʱѾˡ
Ҷ˵ĵǰ˲䣬Ŀ±ׯðĲ
ŽǰЩְļĥĥ
ſҪһҧȥʱ±ׯ־סͷ
ΪֻҪָͷܽ㡣
Ҷ£±ׯָס±ׯӶЩģ
ĵĺһͻȻһת˹ȥ
ͼ±ׯɿջ֣΢Ŀ
ҶŴǺٺٵЦЦ±ׯҪѵ֮ǰȾܡ
±ׯǸССӰںڰԽԽԶԾ˴ɺܿϵıı˺
ԼѰŮӻҪϸļЩЦ
ҶŽŲϵ亹˳°͵䡣
ⶾЩãܽεĿסʹ࣬ȴ޿κΡ
ҶҴ±ׯķڣϵǺȲ裬һ䡣
±ׯطʱͼҶССڵϣϵˮ豭һء
±ׯͫһҶҴӵϱ
ֻҶʹ֣һС԰׵Ĳ񻰡
С½д򡣡

⡭ӱҲͬĹС˺Ȼܲס
ǿҽ֮
ⶾļ󣬵ǲŮӵ屾ʹУⷬպˮⲻСǲúõպܻܲϺҲ˵
ô˵±ׯ΢˫ֱԶȺһĮģ
ǧżĲУæʴ֮
ﻹúţǧܲúƽЩѪ֮ӱܴˡ
лϣʹ뿪
ǡ
Ҷ˶ڱֻ¶һŲ԰׵С鶯Ҳһˮžۡ
±ׯۡ
ҶҵŻ±ׯȴ˹
ۡ
ۡ
Ҷס±ׯַԼĸƬ̣һů㻺Ҷҵʹ
Щϲ۾΢΢𣬲漴ɨһȦЩʣ续أҰΪݵĲˣһ
裿
±ׯüһҶҡ
ǰ˲ҶӾͺۣȻͲСİѲˡ
ء
±ׯͷǧ죬ǧһ⣬Щ޴˵ѡѾˡ
ǰһ㿴صƬǧ쵣Ļ᲻С˵ˣ˾ʰˡ
续
±ׯҶұԼҪ˯ȥӣָһֽҶŪˡ
ɻҪ֤ҪȻʵ
ҶҶ±ׯӣһе뷨ܱ˫۾͸
ͷֻһ˫ת۾
ˡ
续ô˶ΧڷڣЩ⣬ڿɫ԰׵ҶʱЩƵĲҿȥ
ոҶһ衣
ǡǵġ
续ѾµҶλˣ͵Ĳʲôϵ
˵ҶкҶ˵͵Ĳ衣
续͵̧ͷæΪԼ⡣
ūûڲ¶
˱ĵط
续㣬ΪʲôҪ¶ңΪ˵Ҫ޸±ׯΪ𡣡
סڣǺ͵ģʲôϵ
ҶӺ۰ϧǺѾˣҪȻӦ֤ܲݡ
죬˵ûڲ¶⺮ôôͷ
Ŷ㻹ڱĵط˶
续ɫ䣬ҶҴŶֻŭȼǡ
СˣҵĻ
ֻûҶҵķ򿿽һ±ׯֻһ̧֣续Ӿصĵڵϡ
ҶСĵ⿴±ׯһֻۣ±ׯûпĿʲô顣
续ƽ̫ˡ
±ׯ续һµѪæͷϴ
ǡū澺Ҷҹ
˭

 10 

ºʱ续ĵӱ֪ˡ
ºˡ
±ׯ̧ǳǳɨºһۣһŽԼϥй续߷
˵Ļ˵һ顣
ǡºҶҳԵĸ¶ֻ̫࣬ҪЩͷͺá
º续Ǳӣûһţ˵̬ࡣ
ô续˼ĪǼǸıҪ뷨ңýҸߣ续Ǵһֺ̣ȿҶҹֿܿ࣬ԽҸߣֻʣһˡ
ºñӿ۵۾գһ£续ƫܲüºôˣͼķŭ
Ȼҡ˶ңھȻʺϿۡ
续վִ̧ººǸˣ׾ٵľͶ续Ķϲһ续˾ˤ˳ȥ
ڱİº续Цһ
ҶԶԶĿţŸʹ˴
±ׯûҲûпһۡ
ҶһҧŲĵ±ׯϿֻ֮ǰǧסˡ
ʲô
ǧЩֵĿ֪ǧǺģҶʲôû˵
ˣңºġ
续±ׯץסĽס
±ׯôһ֣üۼȻЩ͡
续Ҷˡ
塭ꡣ
ܱѹĶѹˣһǲǸֵˡ
±ׯ΢ס续°ͣϵҪ续°͸ϡ
续һæ޺ġ
ˣ֪ˣūŰСܶū֡
Ŷ
±ׯЩζĿ续续Ϊ±ׯ￪ʼҡæԼĻ
ū澡ūǻʺˣԴū澡
±ׯɨһ˿Ц˦续
вҡ
ңū澲ҡ
续ҧŴüۼŲ벻ʡ
±ׯ֯˸˺һһ˽续ȥ
죬Ƶ˵Ϊֹ
ǡ
续ʵĽкţֱ洫续İصĻڵ˶Ϣ̧ͷ±ׯɫ
ˣȥˡ
ȥ
ǡ
˶ҿ±ׯҶ߹ȥЩС±ׯۡ
°ɡ
ǡ
º续ǰ֮Ӧ֪ҵĺ
ºһԾϵӣڽĿƺԼЩɬ󣬲Ӧһ䣬ת뿪
ҶҹɵȥŹغãֹץס±ׯ½ǡ
±ׯָ΢ƿҶҵ֡
ҶͫһЩţ漴첽ߵ±ׯǰֽıס
Ҵˡ
±ׯںڵӳӡ
Ķˡ
ҡ
Ҷһʱ˿ǣѵ˵ˣĻ续¶ڣ˵СĻ
Ƭ̣Сɫ峺档
û
±ׯʧЦַҶҵҸ°
ûûɡ
±ׯ̾ϢҶ±ׯľİ
ûֻҪ±ׯѡ
ձǧĶɡ
㲻һȥ˯ˣ
зҵĴ
ٺ١
һ±ׯ˹ҶҾǧ콫еĶ˹ΨͭҲûһۡ
Ǹջؾ±ׯЩæһ϶δ顣
Ҷ续ȥ˲񷿡
һ򿪣Ĺ߾ɢĻ谵Ҷҿ续ֽŹؽ
ǵˣҸ㣬ҵıǻʺƾô
续ĴײǶǵѿĿӣֻҪһ˵ѪҺ̵˿ðʺѪ飬ɼʹҶʱ续İɲ
ҶҷһЦ
±ׯ꣬ǻʺߵˣ±ׯǰųԼĸۡǻʺ㰲±ׯߵǡ
Ҷң㾿ʲôˣûô򵥣ڴǺξġ
续ŭĺסҶңֻҶ۵ûκξ⡣
Ҫ±ׯǺξİɣ˵һ޸±ׯһ޸
ҶĿִŵĿ续һ⡣
续ǲʣ±ׯ꣬ȴһĻëѾͷ
ˣⱲӶȢޣΪСֶξô˶ԸʵɣʺҰڴߣΪҳΪ˵ˣκŮ˶ܽӽˡ
ҶüһվԼƨϵĻҡ
续㣬ơ
˵һĳš

ȻʱڣɫʱɵģǰҶأĵĹ¼š
ҶҵĽŲڿһ˵ĺԺסԼĿڣÿܡ
ʲôأʲôûУ±ׯҲʲôҪ
ǲ̫̰ĵģѡʱֻѡҪһ
İĵطֻܹ±ׯκ˶
ҶҵͷЦһ¶ʮĳ졣
ţ»һʮɡ
Сޡ
һͻأҶŵĿһ˼˲ȥתǰЦˣһ
ҿɲ֪´˻Ⱥá
ЦЦĴҶңϵĴơ
Ҷҿвϲתͷߣ˭֪ȴ˹
ЩᣬȾܣȴһȥײ±ׯٿڡ
ççײײ
ҶԼıӣЩίͰ͵Ŀ±ׯ±ׯԴ𱸵һҶҵĶͷǶҶСӡ
´Ůˣ
˵ĵЦҶʮֲ͵ĵŶԷ˵ϱ
һ˲ͣͣ漴ſЦ
´˵Ʒζأ֪ǴƭôСޡ
ҶߣӾҪȥۣɸһȥͱ±ׯסСӸק˻ȥ
ǿߵĿ±ׯͨͨСžް
±ׯһҶҵͷ
˵Ǿǡ
±ׯô˵ҶҲֿ죬ɵĹס±ׯСָ˵
ǶһµĿҶҡ
֪ӽҸкιɡ
´˿ˣɡ
¹˲˽Ȩ棬뿪
±ׯü䵭ǣҶҾߣ˿ԷĻݡ
֪±ׯڻĵλڳеãȻ±ׯоֹ˿ûо֮⣬ҲϣԼݽ֡
´ﻰ˵´ղŴæؾĽ´ѾãȻҪϰݻġ

 11 

±ׯ￡д˿ò˼еǸŮˣ´ĿԶ೤
һԸ±ׯ˱裬״˵ճǶִ񣬻µƿһֱû䵽ʵнǶԴ۷׷ףشˣӦǻύɴ˴á
±ׯü΢ԼĲιҶߣСԼӣ±ׯЦһݵָȥ˴ǵĸ
Զ϶ָˡ
Ͳˡ
Ҷ˵۾һתȥץĸ㣬ȴûõӾͱ±ׯˡ
һֱ˵Ļ±ׯĺ޻ӦҲĬĵţżĿɨҶۡ
±ׯһֺֻҶҵǰðָ
̫ˣȻǽɻ϶ᣬ˵˭ȥ˭ȥ
ϵ±ׯشǽմҵԽأҲԽݹ±ׯ
ͻˣֻǴλȨܻϵΣֻҪôһ䣬ϱǻ˼ֱġ
𡣡
±ׯûпǰĿ⿴ץָҶҡ
۰
Ҷ¶̧ۿ±ׯȴ±ׯ˴ıǼ⡣
ˡ
ҶӺ۰
ҶƳûĽ䣬Ȼͱ±ׯ±ׯģı
ǱȥˣҶܲú
±ׯ˵ת뿪һҲĻݣüۼҲ䵭ġ
ֽץŲ豭ڳһ˿ѣ̧ۣպöҶҿߡ
ɫ¹ƽҶʲôҲûһ˳Ŀ±ׯļϡ
Ǹ˺֡
֪
Ҳ֡
Ŷ

Ǵҹ±ׯвٵ˶˼ֻ±ׯϲ˽ã˶֮⣬Ҳʼ±ׯ˽˸ŮޣʮŮģ±ׯƬ̲롣
Щ±ׯмᣬֻû뵽ȴ˹
˵´ȥˮرһĿˣ⵹ñк棬˭֪´ϲһˣαĹټܹ˶ʳļˣ´Ҳ˿ҡ
ɴʺ󷽵Ļʺϵָף΢۽ǴżޣǸҲŶʮĹ
ʺ˶ǻá
ѲǵڹСǸ̫࣬ԷҲСֻΪŮ
ǡһʺЦŽϵָ׷Ž˹ŮֻȴüǶ˺ݺݵŮġ
ιŮ۵Ļ£Ҳҷһʹ
ǰڵ´˿ǻߵĴˣҹŮȨ޲ɵ´˵ֶΣͳȥ´˶Ҵãʲô´˲ء
Żʺĺ±ׯ䵭̧üۿɴʺŮˡ
ȻѾ˵زʺｫ续ջȥݵūţ¸𡣡
´ˣ˻ֲָ㣬Ȼ˿ǸŮޣ罫͵ñۡ
ŻʺԴ±ׯͫһһ˿

Ҫ˵⼸լҶҿǺóԺúȵźţǰҲ³˻ȥ۵ģֱȥҧһڡ
ʵҶұ˲رϲʳƫƫϲ춹⣬һԼҪһӡ
±ׯֺ󣬵ǶֲԼֹ࣬׼ԡ
Ž±ׯڣҶ͵͵Ľ飬մӳȥͼһٷ±ׯɫЩѿĿ첽
ҡ
ҶҰĸȥմͣͱ±ׯһŮ˽ס˻ͷ
Ӵڴ˸еǸӰɣǸ鶯ĿˣҲѹִ㿴ء
ŶԷЦĻ֦ҲӣҶֻЩĪ
͵ԡ
±ׯҶ̵С֣Щݵù۰ãҶҵҲܵȻ
ֻֿһЩѵ´˵ۡ
ֻʵɣʱһȥһͷҶ뷨ӸһЩҪһֲĸ
±ׯ˫İںڵӣĸζһЦŴӦ
ʱҶҲ׷ʲô
ҡҪ
һλִƺ󹬵ĻʺҪ
¡±ׯĸҶҵ޷׵ӿ࣬˿˿ҵĶЩ顣
еСóҲ
Ҷͫ΢漴§ס±ׯĲӣֿЦˡ
ǵãʱһ㡣
Ҷָͷһ£صĵ˵ͷ
ԵС½űӣЩģ̧°ʱʱɨҶۣȴʲô˵
ҶָһȭüС½űͷǵСȴĵ¶˳
߰ɣҪ˿ɲһܸϳʱ
Щ͵ĴߴţʱҶһͷų±ׯȻͷ˹ȥ
±ׯʶ쿪˫۱ס
ҶҵĻ±ׯ࣬С͵Ĵչȥһ£ȻɿȥͷҲص
±ׯ˶ס˺һԼĴǣӺ﷢˵ͳỺЦ
ҶԼ̵±ׯЦ󣬸һĶҪǻ
ֿ͵͵ЦЦ춼ˣûͣ
ģЩȣж±ׯԵζ
˹ɵעЩأǳײ˻ʺǿɾɱͷĴ
ۿҶҵСŮ̬ƲµǴ˿м
ҶҴԼĻζлع񣬿Ǹ۸ڶģ续
Ҳѹ续յĵ㣬Ÿڻʺߵ˶һ·ĻɫλʺӦҲǸĿ˵
ҶҲ֣ƿŲԶĹš
ĹŮ̫඼æ͹Լ߽ȥɡ
˹ŵ󹬵Ĺкܳһ·ҪߣƽԵҪҲרŵĽӽӽȥ
ʲôæһں
Ҷȹֵߣ߻߽ţº
ȴֱɵСջǵһνֺĻʹǲС߽˲ýĵطɾͲˣʱҲֹֻ֤ɲҺҴʵûмʶϲ·
һﻹҶҵ˼ƫƫģҶв֮⣬ҲȷʵôȻηйҲǿ첽˹ȥ
ҶҲĶ͵ЦȴߵԽԽ죬ԼǺ޼ʶƽͷհĴ
ֱָ׷˹
ַ׷ҶңܲѾֻεĺЩū׷ˡ

 12 

Ҷұ˻ʺĹ߹һϸѵʯ·㿴һŻŮ̬ͤŵźĻ
ûصѾͷʺҲ֪񡣡
ʺߵĴŮշһȣ־Ϊ˱ǰϷŪĳһ㣬Ҷұһѡ
ҶұƵһģͨһ¹ǶʯӵС·ϣ˲䣬ϥǹʯײžʹ̧ۿǸŮˡ
Ǹӣ
ʺǴ˿޵Ц⣬˵ţȴǶ˵ĸ߸ϵ̬ĸҶҡ
л
񳰷ĺһŵܻʺأȻҲ
Ҷ֪ǿѹͷߵĵ±ׯ鷳ȻƵǽָĴͷ
Ůлʺ
ɡ
Ҷ̧ȣȴָʹǿžʹվ
´˿нʲô
һչȥڻʺĶߵ˵˼仰
ʺӽЩŤ豭˳ȥոպҶҵĽűߡ
ԱߵĹŮŵһ׷׹ġ
ʺۻ˻֣˽Ƭʰˡ
ñơ
ҶҳĬʺ󣬿żָ׵Լʶһܣȴס°͡
ָƤ⣬һʺѪۣðλʺЦɿ֡
ǸӣСЩɣǵöȻڣǵ˿Ȣ׵ʱ򡣡
ҶɫһĿ˻ʺһۣ֪߲ƣ׵ǻʺλȨأΪλ±ׯ²֡
Ůֱ֮ˣ϶ݡ
Ȼ䲻ϵģȥͨҲû㡣
ʺ˹һڲˮҶ˫ȭԼ侲鶯ɫһЦ˵Ů´˵ˣʺִƺ󹬣ȴ֪ԭ»ʺҲָ֡
Ҷֱʵģʺ΢˿˿ת
Դλãûٸ˵ۿˣҲ֪˶١
ڻʺɫҶʱһĨƵӰͤ
檼ϡ
ҶһͷһʮŶׯ˻һ߹Գ˵
Լϥǣ̾˿ʵʵĹˣȴϥǵľʹĵʱһ˫صס
ض޶Ժ񡣡
ϵ¶һǳЦ⣬ȴڿҶǵѪʱɫƳ˻ʺһۡ
ϲ±ׯһӣһȻǸϲĿˣֻǿϧ˺ۣһҪԼǣϲȥ޵ѩ¶
ǡ
ѩ¶Ϻõʥҩɫζ㣬󻬣ǻʺҲһһС
˵;ˣ˾ٱǸ߻ʺҶңá
ʺɫЩѿĴߣһҧ顣
ҶҿﾫСɵĺӣζӯıǼ⡣
ŮлϣŮϿ̣ˣŮûмǴĻոŮѻʺָѶ˰ɣŮͽ軨׷𣬽ѩ¶ڻʺ󡣡
ʺҽӣɫİ˲أЩӲ˵ǻģűǣϣЩʣˡиˡ
ϻ˻֣ʺͷ첽뿪ҶҿŻʺЩֻ뿪ıӰЦ
ǸԸԿģ
ЦţߵʯʣҶһһյ˹ȥ
ôˡ
Ƕˡ
еѯʣҶұüָʯ·۵ϿŻЩί
üһ䣬ģһ
Ӵ˰ɡ
š
ҶҴϥǣȴԽԽֻۣô򵥡
ϿǰôС˲ҲµӣСôֿɰ
ĶӵмƫûһСǰ⺢±ׯģϵôֻϲ
±ׯǰϵġ
ǣϱ
ҶҶ쳣Уϲ˰±ׯŮԼĵλúʱҪġ
Ŷˡ
ʮꡣ
ôֻʮӡ
Ҷһϲ۾ЩĿŻϡ
ǰЩǻ˵ֻʮꡣ
Ҷ۾һϲģϲЩʧЦ
ġ
̫ˣ˶ҾͿԼ޸±ׯˡ
ҶЦ۵ϻĨΡ
±ׯɱʮ꣬ССͣϲá
εҡͷ̾ûסҶҵСԴ
Ҷ̧ͷŻϣûִš
ϲһӡ
֪һж೤𡣡
ö೤͹ˡ
ͷһҶҵԴ೤ǴǳЦãһҪ˵졣

ʱһҶұ㿴ڹϵ±ׯյͻû価޺Ĳ±ׯңԶᡣ
ҶұǼľˣһȳһյ±ׯܹȥ±ׯĴһ̣ͽ§˻
ôˡ
ʯͷˣۡ
ס±ׯٿڣǼ±ׯǳ̴ζ˲ƽ
±ׯָҶҵķ˿ϵıһƥӭĲ۶ȥ

ĵĿɲᣬĹͷЩˣڿŻãտܻʹѵʱֻţſµء
̫ҽ᲻ʲô
ǧҶҵĿһһķĲУŪҶҡ
ᣬűǡ
նл̫ҽˡ
±ׯ߹ͷ̫ҽţ̫ҽæ±ׯ˸
ˣҲǻϵķԸ
±ׯ˵ͷС½ͷ̫ҽع
±ׯ˹ǧʶȤ¡
ôˡ
ʱյĽˣ±ׯŷҶҵ°Ҳһָ׸ǳѪۡ
û£ҩҡ
ҶҴԼСóѩ¶±ׯŹζ󣬲ָڳһҩͿҶҵ°ϡ
ɵͷ±ׯָ°ͻһ΢У̲ס˴ͻȻԼ뿪ʱ±ׯ׵һڡ
ϻеȸУǼϲ
⼸վͲҪµˣҪʲô͸Ѿ˵
ԡô졣
Ҷգ۾±ׯش˵𡣡
±ׯҩһͰѩ¶˳ȥ˺һŰ˵ҶҵĶͷ
ССϹʲô
Ҷұһ漴±ׯҪŵӰˣҵˡ
±ׯǱĲ㱻żһģҶ͵ЦһС˵־
ֻȴû˲±ׯǡ

 13 

Ҷҵϥ˺û¹ء
ҲŷӵźҪʲôʲô˭µȻҪ롣
ֻʱ䳤ˣҶұЩƣʵҲȥ˵ĸо̫ˡ
һһĹȥҲ˳ҶҺȻ˹ڲ续
ǡý߿ҶҲûйĨǵֱʳ
续Щôˡ
ϸոҶҩôʣСĵĳ⿴һۣյ˵㻹֪ذɣ续ǰЩӱȣͻعˣЩӴճţΪ˴£ǻʺɲƲ磬˵
ȡ
ǧǧ졭
ЩεͷҶҼüŪ۵Цһ¾ҽڳȥˡ
Ҷ̲סЦǧǽãԸȴرǧǸˣȴЩԺģĲȤϲ˽˵Щϲ̨£ûǧ쿴ţֻƽĻڣϰƫƫָĲˡ
ϵĻˣɲܶ˵
ЩˣҶ鷳ûԡǧմˮӰҶҲŲֱۡ
续ġ
ţڽ죬˵ɫģֱ续ȣƽҲݣٻϣҲ֮󣬲żЦĶˣҲƽ˲١
Ҷһ̧ͷһ۾϶±ׯԲԺΣ±ׯҲֻһ
տɺЩˣ
±ׯϴʪ߽ʱҶҲע⵽治֪ʱѾϸ꣬úҹԵԽ
ǧ±ׯˣֻʣ±ׯҶҡ
±ׯҶɢһͷںڵĳԵСɡ
Ҷգ۾Ц˹˳Ĳˡ
±ׯ֪ôģͷиëɦŪĲ񻰡
ҶҴڴʱ̴ţʱ˳ĳС
ʵţȥԡ
±ׯĿһƿҶҶϵߣ߽
ϸ꣬ɫҲתôҲȪԡˡ
Ҷ˲ܶȻһҪ͵ŹҲ֪Сͣ˶󵨵뷨
ȥԡͰ±ׯŻ˿
Ҷҵֳڴϣָ⽻ĴŽ࣬ˮûסʿˮ￪ʼ±ׯǸϸӡ
㲻
ͷ̾˿ŵԼôҲҪ±ׯ׬
±ׯ˼ҶûԡͰãֻ΢ϵƣ󣬱㴩ŵ˳
Ҷҵ۾ֱĿ±ׯŵ۵ļɢﾫݷٿڡ
±ׯǳǳһЦֽ̧ĳ
ҶҿͣЩ̰ͼɫ˵Ǹʲô뷨
Ǿϸֵߣǽ±ֱĴȡ
һҶҺٺٵЦǿĹ
±ׯҡͷʧЦָһڱںڰ
Сһ˯ɡ
ƿӣСĵ§סҶҰŽ˴Ҷҷ˸ѽĻ
±ׯҶұԼĿƽ˺
ֻڼǳʱëһץסҶҲʵ֡
ʲô
Ҷںڰ͵͵ӣĬĬİ쵽±ׯֳ˻
±ׯҶҵͷץסҶҵĸ첲ԼĻ
ʵЩ
Ҷұ죬±ׯȵ壬ƽĲٶ

¡һ±ׯǳǱѣֻҶܵľ½ǡ
ҶҵļŰ˭֪ôһǰҶŪˡ
Ҷͻܣʱһ͸оԼϥ۵
ǰͿҩʱûоʱҩȥǹɷ·Ͽɹͷĸоӿ
±ׯ
ץס±ׯ½ǣ۵Ķð亹
±ׯ§סȴҶҵȡ
ҶСڳӵʱ˻ָҲ죬ʹҲҪһʹࡣ
˷±ׯʲôҶ۵ӣЩۡ
ҶҲû뵽ôۣʱĸоѵĸоϥҲ۵
ҲԼߵԵʣʹί㱻޷ŴŴҶҽԼ±ׯ
Եˮ±ׯĲ±ׯָһͷҶҺʪĶϡ
һҹҶ˰˯ţ˵ڶգҶҵϥǹȻЩˡ
ǶʹҶҵǲʲôˣ±ׯЩӱæµҶôһüۼɿһ˿ƣ
ˣӹݷá
±ׯĶһ٣ζЦһ

ǡ
ŲϺõ̲֮ֻ±ׯһˣʵҶСء
ôӽѵҵ𡣡
һЦû˵
ҶľϱǧŴӳ·պþͺͳߡ
֪˵ʲô֮ɫɱϴʱÿĶࡣ
ζЦһҡȥ

Ҷļ尾ܹµ·
˵ԺȦ±ׯֺ󣬾ӸСƵ˻ȥ
Ҫȥһ˳Ƕ
ҲҪȥ
Ҷţ±ׯ˵ȿڡ
û˵ȥ
Ǿͺá
Ҷ˿һԼʵ棬˵ܻ𡣡
±ׯƳһۣĽҸ¡
ҶһңܾԼ±ׯޡ
±ׯҶҶǧ죬ǧҴܣԼȥ鷿
鷿Ÿһϣݸ±ׯһմѪš
֮ǰ±ׯĹҶҵ
±һǰѰףֻ·˼ҪţԲŵôá
±ׯŷ⣬˼Ƭ̺Ųš
Ҷ֮ǰ£ڿ±ׯʲôζ
˶˭
ʺ󣬻һЩ˽˳Թˡ
±ׯЦһеȼ
ȥɣǹҧ
򣬵ǶԶ

⻹Ҷҵһθ±ׯԶţĿľɫľƳº
ԴǴα±ׯºͱðֲ٣Ҳ±ׯҶҵǰ֡
ֻҶܾºͻȻĸ±ׯǱʲôĿġ
Ҫ취ºߡ
ţºĿԽĲƣڴʱ֪ǲǹһʯӣͻȻεһ¡
Ҷһƨ쯳ȥպ±ׯȼ䡣
˿˿͵͵ѣ͸оƨһ±ׯ

ԭո֡
ȻΪʲô
ΪҶҿ±ׯĹ˫˺ڵĻ˻ȥûΪ

 14 

ԴǴιҶҿ±ׯĿʹת·ҲЩڣʵкҲж±ׯǵɫġ
ֵ֮ĺܣյָⶼЩ̡
ȡ
±ׯȭȣҶ㶵ֻ֪Ŀרע֪Щʲô
һЩһЩҪȥ߶
˲ٵڹԱĹѾ࣬Щ˻ɥʧ°֮¡
Ҷҵ˵ͷûв±ׯҪͬȥ
±ׯü΢ҶɵģЦͷ
ǳ˴ϽĹԱŷӵҪֺ±ׯϯ
±ׯмЩƱյӦ꣬ȴȻԼ
ҶҶһڷ±ׯһȱȵҹ
ˣЩȥǧ㰾Ѿ
С½ӷŽŲЩȵ±ׯĵĽ˷ҶҴԼ˼عæŷ±ׯһֻ첲
ֻССģ±ׯôһ˦Ͳһƨ˵ϣ±ׯʱӦһֳĺ󱳣ֻ΢һʹסӡ
ȥɡ
±ׯһŶĶС½˻ֻ֣ôһֻ¡
⡭
С½Щģ뻽Ѿ߹չֻ±ׯһϲ˽ǰ续ѾʱҲֻǴһ´̰ˡ
ȥɡ
±ׯʶѣС½뿪ˣֻʱŸ±ׯߵҶңûɵ־Щġ
ε̾һŹغá
ҶԾδ±ׯˣҪ±ׯ˵̡
ôȥȵŻ֪ڼҵ𡣡
±ׯôС˹һŰģĽѵЩЦ
Сһ
ָ׼ȷĵҶҵüģĵõЦ
ͷεԵʣ±ׯϣһֻȴŶ䣬ںڵӿҶңǴһ˿޵Ц⡣
ӳ£±ׯЩ԰׵ữ٣Ե΢κԽˡ
ҶҴĿţЩʧĿ
˺ðŻعҶһЩƵĲҶ±ׯߣţرǸˡ
ͨͨŵҶЩ˷ܡ
±ׯ΢΢Сӣŵ߽
±ׯ
һûκζЩŵڿϲ˲ĺ
±ׯ˵ľζıǼ⣬ЩĴ쵽±ׯĿ
ڼҪϵǿֱ̣ˣҶұԼһ͵֡
̧ۼ±ׯĿģ̲סĸ֡
ôÿأһѹӣʱ޿̵ǣ˵Ŀ
ҶȻһĭĿ±ׯƵ΢ڣٵʵٿڣµϡ
һ±ׯ
ѹֲסĽ뼤Ҫ⿪ʱһֻȵεץס
ʲô
ɳƵҵĴԣҶ̲סһ̵ֻˣ˶Ҫ¡
ҡҡ
֧֧˵±ׯһ㽫˻Լϡ
ʵЩ
ողһ㣬ҪҶҵšϣòʶ֪ǰ˭
±ׯͷҶļϣ˲ҶĲ񻰣±ׯϵζϣôܡ
Ĳ±ׯ컵˼Ѿȥֻ
˾ţ֪ҶҾ˯˹ȥ
˲ڴϰԵռ˴ƬطʶĨǵĹӣͻȻʶʲô
ֻһˣЩյԼͷ±ׯˣôٵͷ±ׯչ
ˣЩɡ
ǧһС˹Ҷ
±ׯֳȥˣ
ûУ̸Ҫ¡
ҶҺĶһ٣ȻҲˣ¶ЦݣΪ±ׯ̵ô
ɾ֪ﲻǻʺĺ𣬴󣬻ʺӦ±ׯ˺ƤŷӵĽӽ±ׯΪʲô
ѵĸӻܲϲɡ
㿴㣬ȸҲܷġ
ǧ̾һֻڵҶҲ֮ǰǰֱʣٱϵǵ鶯Ҳ١
ҳˡ
ҶҶǧ¶һЦݣͷ˳ȥ
⺢ӡ
ǧεҡͷЦʰϵĲ
ﲻƾ¸ҶҸճܹȣ±ׯ
Ѿ̸ʲô뿪ֻһҶңͣ˽Ų
Ҷҹ㼱ææΪһ𡣡
Це˿ûлӵļӡ
ֻҶҴһʼûʲôøУ⻰ϲ
Ҳ֪ݵѹʱ޷ĵģȻﲻͣװ˸
˭ģɰɰ
ҡЦļۣҶü±ׯȴҲǺЦ⡣
ѾһӣĹȴ֪֮٣ƻʱѧģûж⵽ж಻ײࡣ
ҶҹҼȤˣϧϧ
Ц⣬ҡͷ˵һζĻֻ±ׯȴͻȻ
ӣĪҪ룬ҵˡ
΢йһЦĵĴȻ
Ҷǻ⣬߹ȥס±ׯ֣ò١

±ׯָ󣬷ְס֣ҶЦһֻ±ׯࡣ
Ͳˡ
±ׯȵҶЦŽȥ
±ׯεĳ֣İס
ССͣô˼Ķ
Ҷ޹գ۾Щֱ׳˵ɫǰȻ಻ס
±ׯҲ֪ǸǸЦòҶҵͷ
ǽ˺Ľ
ҶҴ±ׯ̽ͷסĲ͡
ôûߡ
ЦŴҶңֱ±ׯʼɢЩ٬±ׯȭǡ
ҶұĿ⿴Ļ뿪󣬲ŷ
ֻߣµ鷳ȴ
ˣ˼ˣ˵Ҷҵˡ
С½ЩԥĿҶһۣ֤ʵµʵȡ
Ŷ
±ׯü΢û¶ʲô
ҶȴС½Ļ￩һ£ˣԭм˵ġ
һֱ±ׯߣһΪĿһ±ׯҲδ
ˣԭļģԵϵ±ׯ
ţ̲סץ±ׯ֡

 15 

Ҷҿǰһڣòײ˶Էݡ
ԭʱĸ͵󲮼Ҹ󲮼Ҳδĳʳֱĸ㽫˳ȥ
ʱʮ¶ʱ򣬶Ư˼꣬ҲΪһڳԵϽ֣ҲΪ˷Ӷϡ
Ȼѵ˳øɱСûȥǷ֮أֱǺ㿴ûôףˡѬϲŮܶ˷ӱ˳ˮ۽˹ȥ
뵽̧ͷ±ׯûм֪ڻĹ⾰
Сң겻ԭѾôˡ
ڵĸЩĨ۽ǣְȲ±ׯǰ
Ҷ䵭ĿŶԷĿνǺ޲
ǵǸĺӣڴ󲮲ڼҵʱܵ裬ǴӲԷһȱڵķűߡ
ΨһмӹñǴڼҵʱ򣬿ɴΪó⣬뿴ҲǺ㵽
ºˣҶкӹˣҲͲЩһʧˡ
һŮϴЦݣǶҶ˵ģ۾ȴʱʱɨ±ׯ
ǸͲ졣
ǰŲһվ±ׯǰ뵲סҶߣ±ׯٿڣܵסʲô
±ׯַҶҵͷ࣬ܵĶҶ·Щ
ã˵ﻰʱԵûҼҵķڽʳ˾ͷˡ
ݵƤƣѪ˿һ˫۾ĴĿţʱʱɨѾǰ˷ٸ
Ҷ顣
ҶݵҶһۣעⳡϣҪ˵
Ҷȴмĺһһֱ׳ӡ
±ׯϿ˺ðΣ˹һڲ󣬲̧Ŀɨˡ
ǽ뽫ҶҪȥ𡣡
Ҷһ̲סתͷ±ׯֻ±ׯȴûлӦĵİĲ豭
ҡ
ǼСҹĺþͷˣﻹǻȥܿء
ҶҵĴĸƼҪ˵ʲôͱҶغҶһģʮΪҶ롣
ڵȻˣҲǹʲôӣ㲻ǸĺģҲҪٰʮӰɣǼֲǰġ
Ҷ˫ֻ٣б۾ưš
ҶһûסҶһƣֻǿϷǸ߹ˣǿѹ˻ĿӯӯĿϷ
ֻСңû˼
Ҷҧ´̧ۿ±ׯһģ
ƼҶ±ׯ˼ֻҲҶȥ
Ҷҿﲻʹ죬ҶװģŮˣ͸ºһᡣ
˵ҲǣȻҶҵˣΪˣȻҪ
±ׯǳһЦݣҶҲ֪ҪʲôЩץס֡
Ҷ¶һĨϲɫ±ׯ˵Ļ
ɾʱһЩԲӰæ˽
ˣˡ
Ǵ˴ҡ
ʹԷйߡ
±ׯʳڵֱֱĿŻҡ
һͷҶ±ׯߡ
ǡʹ
Ŷ˭ʹһȺ£Ϊԭɣк洦
ҵ˫߬Լӣ֧֧˺ðΣֱðϸһæ˵ǳǶؤӣµõ洦롭롭
˵˵Żҵͱ΢ʵ̫Ц
ֲ˲ϵ亹һ˫±ׯĬעЩ
ң㲻һССʵҷ񣬻ȥѲˣչңȻҾֱӳĸۡ
ͨһҹ±ׯڳĿ⿴֪±ׯѾʲôˣ˽ƿգó͢ɢ͵
ѹֳ͢˶˵˭ǵãΨǸ±ׯΪֹһ˫۾ʲôڱע㡣
¹١¹֪ˡ
ȻĴͷվȴһĵĹȥ
±ׯһ֣һȫںɫҹµ˳֣ҵͽ˳ȥ
ȥѲĸۡ
ӰһŻҵļʧ
ҶЩԵĿ±ׯʲôĽʵǿκ˶ֹġ
Сһôϲң
±ׯע⵽ҶЩȵߣҶҵ°ָĦ
Ҷɫ΢죬ȴᶨĵ˵ͷ
±ׯЦһܱ紵ɢĻҶҵĶ
ϲҿҪ۵ġ
ͬʱҶ࿴±ׯĿŨҵҰġ
ǿˣĸŮ˲ӵС
ΪòﶼȻҶСѾͷվǸߣƾʲôԼԡ
ҶҲҶĿ⣬峺鶯ӽ
󡭡ˣֻ˵СΪ񣬲ģֻԸܳԱůã̧֪ܷ֡
ƼЩη±ׯ壬֪˲ǣ̵ô뿪
ҶȻͬ˼ϲ̰СˣҲ֪ټҵ˸пСܹϵĸ֦
Ҷ಻ͬȻʮߵ˿Դ޵꣬Σֻܼ޸ЩûϢũСһӶ̧ͷ
ӿǸΪ±ׯĽʱվ±ׯߣһָ˵ĸо
ֻǿϧڵҶԼҰĲĻͲ֪±ׯʵݡ
СŮǧѼã֪ܷСŮ¶üգʱһ˼֮࣬СŮӾ
ȷԼĿģҶ˵Բ˲١
ƼżҶ࣬ȴҶĿһɨʵĲ˵ʲôˡ
±ׯǣҶҵС󣬵˵ô
ң
ҶһʱûӦЩãȻ
漴׹±ׯҪ
±ׯȴֻרĵԼְ棬Ͽʲô飬ӣȥһ˿ɫ
Ǳɣܹ鲻Ƕ˼˫ӣҲ뿴˼֮ൽһζ
ҶҴӦҶ¶һĨϲɫ
±ׯҶҵ΢˴ǣ⼸պԵöˣСһֶĳСѡ

Ǹǲ𣬻ӳȥң
ҹڰúõĿͷҶһָҶ࣬ƼҶ뷨һҲͬ
ҶЩɨһۣһ˵Ŀǳ֪ʲôλһǸλȨݵˣ֦Ժٻ󻹲֮
ܹǵģĪ㡭
ҶӭƼĿ⣬һĨڱصá

 16 

ҶҿǰλСŲӵˣһЦ⡣
ôҲû뵽½
󡭡ˣǶҲҵĹϽΧ
ˣֻ֪ĸˮضѣǶԼԶأλ½֪Ĺ¡
Ѳء
±ׯӣ½ŵһ
ֻ¹ٹˡ
½Ĩ˰Ѷͷϵĺ͵͵̧ۿ±ׯһۡ
±ׯĿİָôӡ
Ҳˣ㲻Σ֪H£̽̽·
̰һǹٹ໤ԭ֪ܶʱǶƿ뽯ȻҲ˲ٵĺô
˭֪ܶΪŮŮִ󣬱㱻±ׯ½䵨С£ȴԭ򣬽Ȼ½һơ
Խ½һΪ̽̽±ׯĿڷ磬Ϊʱ֤ݡ
⽯ҼǰЩ³ϼˣûǴĻĸۡذɡ
±ׯ˵꣬ǹһĨЦ⣬һ
½һ֪±ׯǶŭϾ±ׯΣɻûӡ
ⶫǵζг͢һ⽯ǲŶˡ

뾩ЩԶװո㣬˳
˵ڵĳǶӦȥظΪĸ㡣
ҲΪ̰ĲԽԽصǨƵǶסҶҴĸһҲˡ
˭֪вƣ󣬳Ƕ㷢˴ˮӱٲʢĳǶΪľۼء
Ƕϣ㲻Ը⿪ء
Ҷ߽صʱ򣬼һʱЩǰһֱס
ЩϤޱİĻҶҾøС
ֱһͣһ۵լǰҶҲŻعӦλѲ˵ĸۡˡ
ֻǱ͢ٵݣĵطԵùڼª
ŴҪүľūڴ˵ȺҼүڲ޷ӭ븮
±ׯü΢ǣҶҵֽ˸
˵濴ۡʮֲۣɵǼªǳһЩ︻ľȲϡ
±ׯܶ࿴ۣӭ븮Ĺܼ͵͵˿
½̾ҡҡͷⷬҪ±ׯƤӵɻȥ±ׯҲͲˡ
ְΪʲôסôƵլӣȴд㻪ķˣѲǮϲúЩסĲЩ𡣡
Ҷָ⿴ȥһòŮӳ߹
ҶҵԷĽŲͣһʱ֪òó֡
ˣ´ˡ
ܼҵѹһ˿Ůҧҧ㲻ȥƵ˹
˼£λ棬ձ̧檣ػЩܵĪ֡
ܼǻﻰİ뽯˸ɾ
Էڷ֮أϲЩݻĶǽûʲôϵ
ףƻ˵ǵȵطˣҪӲλ㣬Ϊβõĵطסǲ¡˵ҶסԼ죬գԲ۾Щ޹˵ǲ˵ˡ
±ׯЩЦĵͷҶһۣԵС½ɾһûӵЦ
޲굽±ׯߵ½ҲȻǡ
ܼҶð˿˿ϸҶԹֻǰ±ׯ߲÷ֺǺǵЦ
⡭ⶼ˼ҵ£ūҴӣСʹȥү
ܼĨ˰Ѷϵϸźˣ̯ӻǸѲнɡ
±ׯʼնû˵ʲôڹܼҸ·סҶҵĶ䡣
Щ￴ġ
ҶҰ̧ߺܸܲ±ׯֹ֪Щ绨ѩµ£ʲôʮʽ
ţ˵
±ׯƳҶһۣٹһģûסĹ˹
˵ֻԶһܡ
±ׯıҶҶЦˣҶԲĶͳ΢ƵɤҶҵĶ
ȥʰ㡣
ҶһûƤûֿЦ
Ͳ±ׯʰ
½ĵĸС½ʹ˸ɫ
С㲻ҵĵĸɡ
ߣҲŲء

۾գʲô
û£еۡ
ǰ±ׯҶҿɲ֪½С½ʲô
ʱ߽ķڣǱǿɬҩζ΢΢¡һӣҪĿš
ԭŻЩȷţһ֪˾ء
±ׯǿ̣ϵӰЩӲת˹
Ҷһŷλѹ̰֬پǸӡ
ˣˡҲӭ
ȴҲ˺ôһͷںڵĳӴ䵽أٿŲ԰׿εϧ
أҲֻ߸
±ׯЦ⿴ŵǲĲĽһ˫ڵ۾̹ýȻץᱡĴ
˺γԣ¹޶Щס
ͷü΢ڻ谵Ĺ¿Щ
㲻ס
±ׯ޳βָ˴䣬һڰƳ𣬱Щ¾ɵĸլ˶ȴ
ӷ£漴ľűƿѵصĽŲһжȴֱ׳
±ׯ˫ֱ󣬹𴽽˵Ĵæûдˣʮ´ç뽯˺
Ĺǽڷףֱҧһ̧Цʮ֣Ǳٵҡ
±ׯü΢Ц
⽯ôӶƷԱλȨأ±ׯĳһְʵֻƷƫǽᵽһƷ˵һ֮£֮ϡ
ʮǻҾ֯ɱ̽ÿ֮ܣζŻϼ±ׯŸҰҪ˽ϡ
Ҳˣǰ±ׯγַ֮г͢ٽŷɥ±ׯ˽µĳԹҲԽԽࡣ
˵±ׯһˣ͵˲ǨƵ·
ѵ죬Ժƾն˼ľӣ鱦һأֱ춼˲١
ҶҲǿһ̫Ľ㣬ҲóĲƸһͨԱӵеġ
±ׯһҹְһ£㽫Ҷҵ
ϲ𡣡
ҶҾܾҲǣҲǣǸԲ͸ӤȭͷСӣʶץġ
˵ﻹЩġ
ϲţºڵʱϡ
±ׯ˵ĲΪȻ̬ģ治ҵġ
ʮʱ򣬽֪ĶصҲᱻҳ
Ϊʮ±ׯ۾
ֻǿԼòѹĲﱻ±ׯԴﻹǲɶƵһŭ⡣
¹ûмǴĻòҪӯ⣬κ˲˽ء
ſһ˫ӺڳĿ±ׯ
±ׯüһЦĵ˵Щ㻻ʷַɡ
¡´ˣ
ֱ±ׯΪûɵĺ½˻ȥ
±ׯŽΪǵЦ˹ӡ
볯Ѿû˵һ仰ϲڣһб±ׯ˵㡣

 17 

ѺͻؾǵĴ£±ׯ˳Ƕƺ
һеֶ½ʼЩ
ԭǶŵƿֻҰã˵Ա̰ۺ䵽Ķ֮١
±ׯУ˽ﵽɱӺãǽƿ⡣
ѳЩ鱦㹻ȹ˴εѹء
̮ĴӣǱǹˡ
ȻѾ¹پȻˮˡ
ˣ½ǰͲ±ׯԶЩˣܲס
±ׯ½¶һζЦ⡣
úǻټġ
ʱ½±ׯĻʲô˼ֻǻسʱԼСë¿̲סţɲ±ׯˡ
ôôͻˡ
Ҷ࿴Ų̶վͻظļˣһ㾪ȡ
С½Щݵб˶Էһۡ
ֲĵطȻؾͻء
Ҷ¶ΣڰĿɨ±ׯһֻۣǵͷҶҺǲʵҧ˴
ҶҴʱЩãΪ˸ʱ䣬һ·ȥأôصΣĴڲѾ۵
ȻΪʲôҡ
±ׯҶҿʼɳԭЩŮҵ±ׯ㲻ñСķʽڻ
ҶһһӨ͸ӹĹȥ
ҹ顣
ʶȥ±ׯֻԱʹ˸ɫС½
һ˾ĿбӵĴҶǰ߹
ҶԺȫǸҹӣҧŴһĨ

˻
Ҷҵһʹĸо̲סһ
۵Ļӱ㲻ҪˣϵҩɵЩ
ҶҲֹۣڴ˫ȴ󿪵ƣ־
һ
ֺǵЦ
ǧҲһ˿Ц⣬͵˵㲻չԼ治֪պ˺ӻʲôӡ
ҶǵЦͣͣЩĿŴò˵Ҳкӵġ
ǧҩĶһ٣̾˿
ֻ˭ҲûпӳĵϣǸߴӰͣ˽Ų
⼸ĪҪˣϵҩȫȥ
ҶҴԼ󿪵ȼ̧ͷüЩԸš
±ׯǲԸ˯ˡ
䣬
⼸ȥͷ
±ׯ˵꣬Ҷұ㿴ǸӰ뿪
ɻشϣЩƵñӸסԼͷ
ɫˣ⼸۳ͶҲˣҾ䣬ʲô¾ܻұɡ
ǧҶҴ˱ӣʱĵĻͷۡ
ϨһƬڰҶóǿҹ顣
ӨĹ⽫һжϲĦ£㽫ڻ۾
Ȳ˵Ҷܷ˯ţһߵҶȴıһ¡
𡣡

Ҷ齫һҩ۸Ҷֻ࣬üۼ仹һ˿ġ
Ҫһˣǿֲ˺á
ЩҪģҩ
ߣģʱѳɣ벻Ҳѡ
Ҷ൹һڱصõӣҰһʼɱǡ
ʱ¶˿ɲ˵ҩҸġ
ҶɨҶһۣ¸Լ˱衣
ԣҳˣôٻҲûʲôϵ
ҶһҶĲ豭Ϳ͵˼Բ
ҶֹӲŵҶЦһվ߷Եĵӡ
Ҷ࣬УҾͿܲܳɡ
űĹϣڼžҹѶ
ҶСĵûʲôŹؽ˷š
Ҷ˯ʵײ˽ŲЩæҶࡣ
۾ͼҶһ̣мСˡ
СңҪȥʲô
ҶǿЦҶҴк
Ա˴˵ļ䶼׵ʱ򣬾ķֱ𣬴ѱòһˣ˵ҶһֱͿҶңҶ˸֦ҶһЦݶġ
ӦҪŶԣôæҪȥȥ
Ҷҧҧ´ϴŵС˵ҡȥΪ緹
ҶЩᷳüĽҲҶһۣͼȲŲǰߡ
±ׯ
ôһ䣬ͱԽҶࡣ
Ҷһĵһͼȥӽ±ׯҲ֪±ׯҶҹҹһ
ɽôǷַˡ
ҶҹչһսǣҶӰʧ󣬲ŵص˼
ɵߴ
ƲƲƿ˷ţ±ׯڴظ¡
Ķ±ׯ̧һֵۣͷϵſӡ
ҶҺٺٵЦһһյ±ׯ
±ׯĸѼһ·ƶЦ
һҲ㲻֡
ҶſȣԷҩ౻Ťѽ±ׯĻҲ˵ʱʱ±ׯٿڡ
±ׯһҪѥӣ
ôˣһճˡ
Ҷ±ׯߣίͰ͵ı졣
û˯ã
±ׯüһЦ
ʱͻȻн
һɫȹŷ֡
СŮΪлСŮһң緹źˡ
ҶһҶ໹ЩС˼
ҶһһԭΨһˣһҲ뿴Էʲô
ȴû뵽Ҷһ±ׯ㶯˼ô˦Ҳ˦
±ׯ΢΢ͷҶһҧ˵ģﵴ˿˿ƵЦ⡣
ͽɡ
Ҷϲƿţڼ±ׯҶҺҲֻ̬Ϊ緹
ҲԳأֻ֪ȣӶܲס
±ׯ˵Żִ˴Ҷ͹СӣСӵãĽ±ׯָⵯ˻ȥ
Ҷҿϵֵ࣬ͷһȥֻʣĶӣǳ̾˿
ãЩʱСŮΪͷ
ҶЦˮ뿪
ҶҲȣֻƨ쯼ڵϣҪ룬±ׯȴס
ֻ±ׯóһϸûκɫŽƵҶҵǰ
պ⣬ʳҪע⡣
ҶҺĶһ٣ϴԼкʱ
ĺ࣬ĵ˵𡣡
һҲա
±ׯû˵һ̾Ϣ
Ҷһ̲סץ롣

ϣҶֻùԹԵ뿪±ׯķ䣬ǾҪسǣΪ±ׯ˯
ҶȴҶ뿪±ׯķ
±ׯüĿǰԴ˼Ҷ࣬˱ӡ
ϣܿ뿪밵нǣҲҶû˸ʶʱһ·ұ㲻ٶ֡
Ҷ΢±ׯ߽˼Щ밧ԹĽӡ
СŮӵһۼ˱Ľ˷˵ĻʵǽСŮġ
±ׯ纮һ䣬ȴҶԽԽʱб
ʲô

 18 

ҶЩ˷ܵĿ±ׯѾصĺҶжٻģҲжԵõǰ˵ġ
ˣǲȵ
ҶԼڣ¶Ƭѩ׻۵ļ߽±ׯͼٿڣȴڸտһϸ۵ĲӾͱ±ׯζס
Ǻôĵӡ
±ׯڲѪ˿޷й˶ޱȿꡣ
Ҷ˦˳ȥһ⳨¶ٿϡ
Ҷһ˿Ѫڻ֪࣬Ȼ˿־壬ɻǸǲס֯ɴҰġ
ǲܵСŮӿôˬ졣
Ҷ಻ĵ±ׯȣֻ主мɵ±ׯСȵļ⡣
±ׯ¶һ˿Ц
ҶһʱӾѾƷű߷ɳȥ
Ķ˵ע⡣
Ҷҵһ˹±ׯһһ߽Ҷ࣬һŲҶ̻¶ϣһšֱۡ

ҶڷһУ･־⡣
ôҲû뵽ôҩǻʢŭ
ˬ켫ˡ
±ׯ૳ǳЦ¶ɭ׵ݡ
ҶҿһǵһμЦ¶ǵ±ׯ
ûоú£ұ±ׯ
⡭ô¡
ҴҸϹƼһҶȥҶҲµ֪ԭɣҲҶȡ
Ҷڱĥ˶ǱᱡѴʱѾڲסΣûй˼ô࣬𾪵Ŀ±ׯ硣
ôᣬһ㷴ӦûС
ϵͽصĺЩǼٵģ˸еôһ㶼ûС
㡭
Ҷ಻ŵĿ±ׯڵϣֱֻѾ±ׯšϣֱͨһЩ¡
Ǹ̫࣬Ȼ㲻Ұġ
±ׯҶ°ͣ˵Ǿ仰ָһҶ°;ͱжˡ
Щʹ඼Ȳĵľ˫۽ûҰ
ԭһж
ҶҲ׹¹Թڿ±ׯʶҶȻ±ׯҩ
ȥݺݵĸҶһ⡣
±ׯ˵ʹ衣
Ҳû뵽㵨ӾȻô󡣡
Ҷ۾Щ죬ԭֻΪҶ˼ŭ±ׯϾ±ׯõˣǧ±ׯĴ
û뵽Ҷ˼H
±ׯĿɨһԺµĲǰƼҶ顣
ҶµһĲҶ±ׯĿ⡣
±ׯƳҶңһȼյȸУ˫ȭ
С½
ͺһһסҶҽԼ
Ҷұ±ׯĵ¶̵һʹ±ׯЩۣǹ˳ûж
Ǽ⴫İϤѪζһжֻܰ±ׯѹֵĺ
ҲЩһЩ˵
Īľһ˿ҡ
ã±ׯУҪȻ޷صĴһҲȥǸ
΢΢ۣȥЩռ
ϤϤĶУ±ׯ
ʶ˫Ȼ±ׯ࣬§סĲӡ
±ׯһֻʼհĺ󾱣ûа취̧ͷ
͸⣬ǿ˱ߵˣˢѪ
ıɱ
һΣҶҲᵽʱӡ
ͻȻЩµĽѡһˣһʱɥʱ
㱼䣬оԼ˴ϣоߵҪ뿪ʱӦѸٵס±ׯӡ
±ׯͷѪ˿ӣֲԾ֡
ʹʱ±ׯҲᣬôҲӦø±ׯʱ䡣
һ緹
˱¶һЩӤʵСŴŴƽе
±ׯ˴ͳɳƣȴֻҶҵݡ
á
±ׯŲЩæ뿪Ҷұۣ߬ǿҹ顣
˭Ҳ֪ϵ׷ʲôû˸ᣬ֮ڶ峿ҶʱѾڻس̵ϡ
±ׯ飬һֻĸĶ
գգۣ±ׯĴ
˵Ҫһ緹𡣡
±ׯ飬Ѿָƽʡ
üۼ˿˿ƣ룬һжֻһһ
̫·ϻĴС࣬ˮʪҵĿȡ
±ׯ˵ıǼ⣬˵ĻЩ̡
Ҳ֪ô£ֻҪ˯رʱ򣬾һˮ
ǲϵġ
ȵӣɶԡ
±ׯİóһӸ㣬ζҶҵﲻԾЩá
ŵӶԳԵøˣԻŲˮνʮˡ
֪нһӸ㶼Ծ󣬲ŷ±ׯ뿿ڳ˯˹ȥ
ĿյӣüƬ̣Ȼ͵͵Ĳ̺¡
ԾԼΪᱻֺ±ׯ˯ա
һʼע⵽±ׯļһŮӶҪãʱյĽ˲֪ʲôϸ塣
±ׯıͦ˷У˫۾ʱƽǶǵĹӣŴŵıƽǰЦЦĹż¶˵׵ݣԵᡣ
ʱĻ˿˿ζ
Ŵĺ춹⣬᲻һ¡
Ҷ򴽣˫ֳ±ׯȲ࣬
ϲЦһ͵͵Ц
ͷ۱ڵĴûע⵽±ׯĽë
ûעĶСĵִչȥһڡ
ҲͲסã͵һǣû˷ֵĴ̼ԼС
ſ±ׯϣǿҵĶԻζǹʪĴС
±ׯŽë˫ۣټҶԼʱʶҪḧķ
һֹ̣ס˶תԼĴһ
˿˿ƵдӴϴָٵĿڡ
ĳ˼Ƭ̣ǹЦˡ

켸ҹĵ˸ϻ˾ǵĸۡ
ֻǻҶλ֮͡
ӲʺԨԴֻǴιС
ΪΪһӵȽ˼ִˣ֪ܻֵġ
֪ʺ¹ٵĸۡкιɡ
±ׯʹԻʺûгӵĹƽҲûС
ʺҲδϵĶñĿЩԹĿ±ׯ
˵㴦˽
±ׯ̧˻ʺһۣ䲻ȿĴǣӦڴС

 19 

ʺűҧ´۽Ƴ±ׯһɲ˵繡
㡭Ҫ˺Ƥ𡣡
ʺĻ±ׯֻü΢ڵĮ
ʺԣ䳼ȥƣվһӣǱȥˣֻ»𲻱Ҫķ粨
㡭ѵѵΪǸСѾͷ㲻ѰһȢӣֽһƤסСʮأԸ𡣡
ܵĻʺԴǼ񣬾˶ĹӣҪ±ׯЩӾľӪʵ
±ׯָ΢ΰ̧ӣ˲΢Щ
ǣʲôϵء
˿˿Ⲣʲôûʺͫһ
±ׯ˽⣬֪±ׯŭˡ
δ뵽͵Ǹݰĵߵһ
±ׯһ̾עн죬ӦûҪ磬ǴΪ˺ǸûôЦˡ
±ׯҡҲǸ˼֪ģҴδӹ㣬ʼնǲͬģ׵ģ׵ĶԲԡ
ʺ󽹼ץס±ׯ֣±ׯ̧ۿʺϡԴŨױĨϿǸˮܽذӰӡ
ܿ죬ǵӰҲ𣬱߸ϵĻʺ
Ĭû˵ڻʺΪž顣
ʺָĦ±ׯϸ˳ָѹ˵±ׯ֪ģ󹬾˲¹ͷĻڣĸλıãҵĶӣôҽأֻӵԼŲᱻңѽųòá
̴ѹʮĻʺСŮҵζĸӼǿŮԸⰧԼϧ
±ׯ죬û˵ڣžͱһ߿ˡ
ҶҶŲ̧°߽š
±ׯü΢ɣԾľʹ˵Ц⡣
Ͳ衣
˵Ͳ裬˫ŵ۾ô׽Ůɵġ
±ׯЩϣʹ˸ɫˡ
ҶһžͿʺ±ׯ˫֣һ˫鶯˫Ķ棬ֱ
ء
Ҷߵ±ׯǰţϵĲЩȵĻζһ£±ׯȲ̵Ҷңæʺץס¡
һ춼ʡġ
±ׯһֳҶĲһֻǵĵҶҵüģǵЦҶҽû¹
Ҷ±ׯߣСٿϲ˲䣬±ׯתǿ̣ȻĲƵĿŻʺЩŤɫ
ҽѧһˡ
Ŷ
±ׯµüңҶ
һΪֻԡ
Ϊѧġ
Ҷҽ̧°͵±ׯٿڡ
˵±ׯδ¶˵ɫץסߣӡ
ȻǵĺɫӡǣЩССŵˮݡ
±ׯüһ壬ָĸЩӡǣ漴̾һ̧Ҷҵķ
ѧʲô
⡣
ҶСŵ˵˲Ʒ±ׯûסЦ۾
ʺҪҪø㷹ǲĻԳŮա
Ҷͻأᵽ˻ʺ±ׯ񣬱Ҷôһ£㶼ﻹиˡ
ˣĳʳϸڣ뿴´ˣȻʱɫˣعˡ
ʺ߹ŵԼ޷漴϶ñס˲˫
±ׯЦͣǣĿŻʺ뿪
в㣬㲻ͻʺعˡ
ǲĲ㣬Ǿֻ֪ˡ
ء
ʺĳֻǸ߳Ժ˴æϲϲ󷽳Ĭվ±ׯͿҶң΢΢ʾ⣬ĬĽӻʺ뿪ˡ
Ҷҿһϲǻߵˡ
ֻȻв룬ʲôʳڡ
ȥ÷𡣡
´βҪٽˡ
Ϊʲôԡ
֪㹻ˡ
ҶҴͷ±ׯǣԼߡ
Ҿò
ֻ仰ľૣһɢˡ

ջʺ󣬲֪ΪʲôҶͻȻʮΪ±ׯЩʲô±ׯ𴲣Ϊ˰£ȴӶ۴˺üΣҲڿ䡣
ü±ׯæĽϰȡЦ
±ׯصöҶҶ˯Ȼڿź÷
±ׯֻСһȤЩҲŰǧҶҵߴ档
ҶҶκŮӵ鱦ζûȤֻҪϽֱΪ±ׯѣΪЩ⡣
ʱһã±ׯһЩԾҶлеĶȷʲô
żҶҿ˫ۣһҶҳŽܽԼĻ档
˫ʪɫӣмУнǣв
Ҷվɵ±ׯϰߣ±ׯ̤ŵǿ̣ʵѡ
ôЩ÷ԡŶӦԡҰѣǰЩƥģǧ˵ʲôʵģٸġ
ҶκĴӵҪȥ¹·ȴߵ˷ԡͰ
ȦͻȻԼҪʲôʾ֭ʱһֻǽڷŽ׵ؽµ˹ȥ
ˣлл
ҶʶĽӹڻ˵;ôЩԾ
ͷ±ׯĿ⣬ͻȻ͵ͷ˵ֻᱡĲϡ

±ׯͳûκ
ҶƳ±ׯһۣϵԼڰ˹ȥ
տ±ׯǿ̣±ׯֽ̧Լϡ
ΪʲôǾú¡
ֱʻҶͷһͷĸͣ·Ҫٳ
±ׯĲϣҶЩ޴ͣһ£ͻȻʼǵĿָס
ͷҲ͵Ҫ±ׯϡ
㡭
±ׯֻ˵һ֣㿴ӰУһνһξӨ͸Լϡ
һ漴ҶҵѾƤʺѪ飬ֽץסҶҵ֣ŷָ
ҡ
Ҷһû˵ֻһʡ
һ§סҶСӣԼ¶Ȱ
ҶͬôЩֵϸڣֻҪԼҶҰΧôҶеĲữΪƽ
Ҷҽ±ׯĻںļɬȥܷʱ
ֻſǻ
ġ
ţ
±ׯһʱЩ⡣
ģ˵޸ģ˵һģ˲ܸӣ˵κλġ
Ҷ˵ЩǴĪί
˲䣬±ׯķ·Ļˮ֫ٺ

 20 

ıҺܲ⡣
ݻڣﱳվڴǰϴİɫ
ҡ޷ӽ鷿Ҳ
ҲҪЩڣֻҪõмֵĶ
תĿŹǰº
ҷѾ˼ºȥһûôˡ

ºӣո߰ģѾȥֻ»̿
˵±ׯŵǸǽҪΪ޵ġ
΢תϵİָ
ǵģ´ʮֳҶңҹҲһƽʲô´˶ὫҶҴߡ
´ˣ
¡±ׯ
ºָᶯĿŵ棬صͷʼղ̧
СҲǸȤģȻ罺ķֲ͸ЩӣҲ뿴С±ׯﵽǺֵλ
ǹһ˿յЦ
º΢¶һĨޡ

ƽ±ׯڸǧ켸ҪС½Ǿļˡ
ҶҴ;ЩȤ
û߽ȥĺԺǿҵĺʹĽŲ˹ȥ
ֻ濴ѾӲݼû˽ףЩԥ
Ҫת뿪ʱͻȻƳһӰһ
Ҷü΢ºô
Щºֲ٣˻˵Ĵڡ
ǣҶһ̧˽ȥ
ΪЩ࣬ϵĿ֦ʪ
ҶȹڣС߹Ţ·ڴһƬïʢֺǰиͤ
ôһ·ЬѾʪ͸Ҷûж߽ͤӣЬӣͻȻһëľд
͵ػͷֲ֪ʲôʱи˾ͿԼľࡣ
Ҷұһʶһ㲻Сĵ˵ϡ
ǰˣҰ׵ĺӼڵͷȴ쳣ϴżªƵĳۣһ˫ǵ۾εĶ
˵Ϣ΢˫ɫʱʱתһ£žһʬûʲô
㡭
˵ɳƣöδ˵ֻշһ֣˺塣
Ҷ˫ֳڵϣڵվǰ˲ûʲôľٶֻǶʯѱñĲ裬豭˹ȥ
Է۾ڴҶҵתƵǰĲ豭ϣһ˫Ӥ۵ֽӹ˲豭
ɫתһ£˼ʲô֮͵һ
Ҷҿǰֵˣͷʱע⵽Ȼ˵ĳɫŴǰĺӣ¶ļ޲ǽ°ۡ
οݣվֱ˺ȴ쳣ĸߴ
ûпһŮˣ̧°·һѳ
Ҷһ׹ԺǲʲôܣȻôܻиôֵ˱ҺɲɵƫƫºͲˡ
Է˵ͷ˳ָָƬڵߵ֣˼ºѾȥˡ
Ҷָһһɲ
ǰ˲ûʲô⣬һ˵ֻ߽ģð֮⣬߶ţھ뿪
˵ȾܣֻܵļһֻЬСĵ䡣
ͷȥ񣬾ͼѾЬ
Һ𡣡
һˣҶﻹûɵľЩ¡
ַ·һıŵĿⶢҶʿˮĵˣŵĽȴСĻһʯͷ
Ҷ۵һˣ˵ϣֻôһ̧ͷʱ䣬Զͤ˾ѾվǰεĿ
ķ·Ҫɤۣ̫аˡ
¡
죬Ƶɤ˵һ֣ʲôһһӰӰ㲻ˡ
ҶЩĿԼֻЬĽţҪվ˼ҵĽŲ
±ׯôˡ
ŵҶһͷĨɫĵۡ
ǳûϼӿܡ
±ׯͷڻǰֻһͨ볼ӡ
Ҷﻹв׵ģæĹãЩĽ
ǵģҡ
Ҷң
ֻһ˵ڣͱ±ׯǳס
ҶɪץԼ䣬ͷ˵
ǣ̾һ
ˣ޲㣬û˭޸ˣֻһ֪һ鷳ҲΪԼ
Ͻַ±ׯļϣ
±ׯû˵ʲôȴܸӡ
ޱѺȿڲ裬ʱǲˣĴæﻹҪЩʱڸУĪҪˡ
˵̧뿪
Ҷ׼ϵ̬ȣ±ׯ׽ȴ˵Ļ
ôҶҲ֪ﲻġ
Բ𡣡
ץס±ׯĵۣ±ׯöûп˵Щܿͱһ˫ֱȵķûдЬĽ¡
Ьء
ˡ
Ҷ§ס±ׯĲӣǵġ
߾ˡ
±ׯ˳ȥŨصĳ

ҶҲڴأֱ±ׯһ˫ЬЩе˵ұûȥģǿºŹȥģҸʲôֻ֪һֵˣ뿪СİЬܵˣҡ
Ҷ˵Ļֹ˺ڣΪ±ׯڵϰЬ
±ׯĲͻȻͱӾˡ
ʲô֪Ҳ鷳Ժ󶼲ȥˡ
£пվͽȥɡ
±ׯЬ뿪ˣĿʼնû䵽Ҷҵϡ
Ҷ׷ȥȴֻܵſھͣ˽Ų
ո˲䣬±ׯݹ¼ŵıӰĿͻȻͱ͵ľס
룬ȻʲôҲ׸һЩʱ±ׯ
뵽ºӰûԥ˳ȥ
Ҷҹôпˡ
ºڷȲ裬ŭյҶң¶һĨóѵЦ⡣
ǹġ
˵ʲôºôס
ºԾҪӣҶҵɫſҲս
Цһ̧˽ȥ
֪ܲ١
ºҶңİĲ豭
Ȼ֪ıࡣ
Ҷҧأ￪ʼԥҪҪº֪¡
漴Ժ￪ʼֳ±ׯ˵һ仰
ҲҪ󣬱Ͼ˳ˣ˼Ͷˡ
³һ̧ͷºһۣĬ뿪ˡ
ºҶҵıӰһ˿ǡ
±ׯδصڣҶҽǵĵţڵһҵɷ
ֱ죬⻹ûʲôǧҲԸ֪±ׯĶ
ڵĴȼţӡ
ҶʧĿڴϣͻȻһ΢춯
òһ£ֱ¹ƽ̽ߵߣ΢ĴϷﱻߵֻЬ

 21 

Ҷұһ£̽ͷ⿴ȥȴֻһƬڰպЬ뽫غãһŲ԰׵ͻȻӳ
һҪгǿѹǹɾ¸С
ƿ˽һİ̽ߴŷڡ
±ׯ
ǰɳƴϣܹ˵ʲô
˭
ҶҽץЬӣһһŲűߡ
硣
û˵֣Һ±ׯҲһԽľǰ˺֡
𡣡
ͻȻĿҶҡ
Ҷ˿ĭԷǴʲôĿģܺãЩæﶼڼҡ
Է˵ͷָô棬ͻȻʵ˭
δŵϱ
Ҷʶ˵ڣ˵ͿʼСĿŶԷ
˲ͷ´Ҷң֮΢ĵͷ
̫Сʲôʱкӡ
ᣬૣҶһˡ
ҧŴԥƬ̣̫׶ԷݺͶԷ˵λĿģûа±ׯʵ˵
ԷҲûҪҶһشƬ̣ӻɫĳһ̵İָָƬ̣漴Ϻת뿪
һգ۵Ĺ򣬷ھ͹ƽ֮ǰǸֵûгһ
ҶǸָü߬

ȥˣ
ǵġ
ûбŻ
ҶҹЩ𾪣ʲôʧ֮ԷΪҶҹδӣһöɫİָ
±ׯһ٣ЦЦĹ´ˡ
鷿ڵҡҷԼɼ׵ֽһС
±ׯϱĽ󣬳ڿ˾޴ı䶯
˭֪±ׯǻߵĴˣҵܶ±ׯڻĵλ
±ׯ˵ͱ㣬һԤ׶ûС
˵ǻΪ˱±ׯ̫ڸƽԱĲ
Ҳ˵ǾѲ⣬±ׯҪѹȨơ
Щ֪ЩӻʺҲϢб
ôԱﶼ˾κˡ
Щ̽̽·̽±ׯ±ׯؾ
ЩƽͲҪ±ׯˣ˻ɢԣƽеĲߡ
ڵ֪ϢʱҲЩȣºż֪±ׯҶҼա
жҶҲЩ룬Ͼ±ׯӣûнҶնɱɼҶҵĵλȷʵͬѰ

ҿҶҹġ
ҪС½档
С½ĻЩɻתͷȥ±ׯ
ɡ
ҶҲֵĺܣﲻǽ֮ԵʲôʣԷʲô
ϣûͻҶҹ˵ҶҹʿҸλЩӲãҶҹȥ˵˵֪ܿ١
Ҷ꣬ʶ̧ͷ±ׯ
±ׯ΢΢˵ͷԡ
￴΢ĽǹһĨЦ⡣
ҶҾǵıˡ
ܾЩߵ˶ֵĺܣǴǸԺʼһжòͬѰ
±ׯ̬ҲЩףȻЩʧ±ׯǰܣʲô±ׯ⡣
ںͰ˹δȢޣֻмλ顣
ƽΪ˲סլȴ쳣ݻ
ҶҸ󣬶ôһİĵطﲢôǴĳĿġ
˵Ҫȥ𡣡
ҶҼڸ˺üȦӣûмλ檣̲סʳ˿ڡ
ͻȻͣͷЦѾҩ˯ˣҶҹڸø㷹Ρ
ЩЦݣҶҾúܲ
ˣȻѾϢұظˡ
Ҷ˵뿪ȴתǿֱ۱ץס
Ҷҹҳʱ˲١
һʪճҶֻͨ
Ͳǵ֪ŮΪʧɣ˲ſС±ׯôĵ˼£ѾŮҵ
ŰСҲЩӤۡ
˼֪վ˵ô򵥡
Ҷҹ̫ˣҾֱҶҿɺãѾʱҲ÷ˣ͵ø㷹Ҳá
˵žͲҶҵ
Ҷ΢ǿĸĽŲ
ϾȫЩԵʳҲ޼
һֻ˵ɺϣЩԾΪ׼ġ
ôˣϲ
ˡ
Ūʲô۶ӣҶҹɵϡ
ֻ˵ķ쳣ﲢԣֻǿżˡ
Ҷﾯ裬ֻ΢˶˼Ӿͣ
ֽƵǰ˵ȿȥȥζ
Ҷ̧һۣСĵһڡ
漴ͼﹴ˴ǣʮ⡣
Щ±ׯΪҪڸС˶ˣȷʵȤ
￴ҶǷ͹⣬Ű͸ŷཱུСҶҵͷ
˲䣬Ҷʶıܿ
ҲˣҸˡ
ҶӲ죬ȴסˡ
֮ǰҶҶܵĶ˿ɫ
óһŽ׵ҶҲȥǵ͹⣬ҶҾæùԼҲѡ
ԽԽˣȻλȨص˶ô˼ء
Ͷأ±ׯˣ׽
ҶҼæ˵űߣֵסҪ
ĻЦһͻȻ˵ѵ֪ȻͬҽߣͲٻȥ𡣡
Ҷо޺͵̧ͷ
㡭˵ʲô
Ҷޱ𾪵ȡ
Цһ߽Ҷҡ
Բһû֮ǰȻٰãһ㱻ͳȥˣ͵Ҫˡ
Ҷþŭӣ֪Ǵźֵ˵Ļ
ദ£Ȼ˵Ļһ䶼š
Ҷ˵ת뿪ûֻǸ˵Ǿԣ׻᲻ߡ
ĻҶһ˲Ķҡܿǵ㶯ҡͱԼ飬ᶨ̧ߡ
±ׯΣѵԼȥ
ȻˣҾͲٳȥˡ
ʵİ뿿űߣҶþȫҲ򲻿ȴš
Ҷĺݺһš
㵽ҪʲôҶûκá
ʲôҲֻ֪Ǹ΢Ů˼
ôɱκ˶Ҫ󡣡
ٿԳ±ׯ㡣
һ仰û˵ڣߵҶҵߣŭĲͣŵӣֽΣ˻
ŵмֿɰ

 22 

ˣĲҶҽӻ𡣡
С½üЩǣ±ׯ˫ֱ󣬿ҶһѳɵǸС
ΪʱǨµϸ꣬Сֻ΢ļһЩ͹𣬾ǸССĹ֪ɢȥˡ
ȥ
Į˵仰ת뿪
С½һ̾һȴҲ±ׯ˼
º֪º󣬱ȥ±ׯڡ
ݺõȲԷĿʼ±ׯī
±ׯͣ±ʣбϣһ˫ںڵصɨº
ºЩڣһźΣҧҧ˵ЩʲôЩľף±ׯˡ
ºǲѾˡ
ѵһī̱򷭣ºӵͻȻò԰ס
͵ؿ±ׯȴǸʵģֻ˫İ۾⡣
㡭
ԭ±ׯ֪𣬾ʲôʱأϴθ𣬻Ǹ硣
±ׯΪʲô˵ΪʲôûдΪʲôｫҶҴߡ
Ҫͼܣȥġ
±ׯӣ˸ˣ˫ĿɨЩŵºԼϵһ֡
֣ŤŤĿżЭѾδҶѧ֣󣬵ϼӶ
ץסûõģӸͲҷҲܵв
ºǿѹľ¸С
±ׯ̧̧ӣӻ䣬¶һСڰСۡ
ԭˡ
㡭
ºɴ۾ԼͻȻŵµĺӵķŭ޴롣
˭˵Ҫвˣ㲻һϣֵҷѹ򡣡
±ׯĹ˴ºߵĿ⣬һܱϤϤĶ
ȥúÿţʳʲôãҪǲСŪ˾ˡ
ºĿ±ׯȴͷûлأһҲ÷ָԼ
ҪңܻҾԼݡ
±ׯ𴽣¶ɭ׵ݣһ˫ֱǰĿҲһ̲ܽɵ
º죬ɻ˵һ仰ͱˡ
ģºһš
ǡ
տһλָƽ±ׯϣһ˫֪ڿİ˸Ÿָӵ󶼹ˮһƽ

һҶ;ԼĺӺۣЩãȻĿܣܵļͻȻԣʹ˲ѹ
һȫİĵطµİԵÿնֱ䣬ŴգԵ÷ڵĹޱȰ
ЩĻŵܵűߣҡ˨ֻű淴ˣôʹ޷һ֡

ҶҴĿֻŭֱҪ㡣
ͷݰİ裬
ƹॵĶڽһ򿪱㿴صǽ塣
أҪ
ҶҼǸŻŮˣЩ͡
Է´ۣתͷԱߵѾߡ
նӽӻС
ǵġ
ǰոճĹɬдСŮҵĴ棬ǳһ۵ò
ҶԷĢ́žߣɸ߳ſھͱ˻ȥ
Ҳûʲô֮ѲӵĿζˡ
Цһżⳤָ׵̧Ҷҵ°ͣҶҴֱĴ˶Է֣ʹſϣþϸָҲϡ
ߣǺôƢҲϲ˫۾ڳ
ָ⣬һĨݡ
ۿžҪץҶҰȾܣֻΧ˻ǽץס
Ȼܡ
ߵѾ߶˵͸Ҷһ⡣
Ҷҵú˫ĿĿŶԷķ·ǿ
ԷĿ⿴ľһҧڳ۾
˾Ȼҡ
ҶҴȳæҲǱһ
Ҷ˳ȥǰԺţһ·ƫƧĺԺܡ
һĵطһй
ȻҶҷһڻķϵĺԺһֻѾסҪܡ
ԽԽĶҶһݣȹ߹סֶЩŴ̵ľ
ֻǼʹˣҶҵƻǼ˺졣
ۿ˾Ҫ׷ҶҼͷ󺹣ܲ˵ľ˽ȥ

СʹϵƤⱻ̹ţһ۵
ǼᶨһҧͷɿĽӹ˳ȥֻǺҲ˺üѪĻۡ
ޱİܣԼǱģһİС
ѵʪǷ
ڽ䣬᲻Ծµθͣ
ֺҪˣֲϵᣬȴԽԽֱ࣬ģߡ

˭׼㶯ġ
ݺݵĴһƣòȥһš
صĴϣӶ۵
ײһСѣͻȻڣɱҶҸӿ˵ҲûС
ţĲԹޱʹ
һСѣ˱ˣ϶ǡ
㶮ʲô±ׯߵˣҳڶ
۾ָһĽš
յºţ֪±ׯúҪسˣλ϶±ׯĽͲ𷣣˽ܵ鳯͢ûʲôֵˡ
ʱص֪Ҷˣһŭ޴й
ĸŵϵſʢŭ
ɪȴսżͱһɴ˻ȥ

ʲôҶˡ
±ׯ͵վǰǸεĵͷ˵
Ҷҵ˲ٵˣǻʮߣʮƤӵʧ
Ͽûмܶʮ۾
ʮȫ
±ׯ΢΢˺ۣ˵仰
Щ𾪵Ŀ±ׯһۣʲôû˵תȥִ
±ׯ˫ֽճȭҪ֪ЩȶشڣôҲҶȥ︮ľԡ
׵ģҶҺ˲һӦóΪðյһӡ
뵽⼸նҶҵǸСһżĿϣεģ·Ǳѹһصʯͷ˴
СһôºڣֲϲԼţ֪ŻûС
Ҷҡ
±ׯ૳ųص̾Ϣ
ʵҲ޷ֻҪҶܴߣ˭˵ء
ô꣬ҲһҶȫˣҪȴֻһ֮䣬ͽΪԼıеһӡ
ˣʮܽŪôϾ޼ҵˡ
ȵȣ
±ׯ͵̧ͷʮҶҾԼ˳ȥҲ뿪ʮߣôֻ˽ˡ

 23 

Ҷҿǰֵˣź󱳵ľʹһ
֪ԷΪʲôҵΪʲôһʼͽš
ϵˮ֣ûжֶ˻Ρ
ҶҵͻȻͱùֶһĶʵﲻôʹ졣
ȴΪǲϲü΢Ͽۣ»˸ˮ
һûΣҶҾԼù˭֪Էֵֹģ᲻ᳯˮ
ȴûƿϵߣֵѪֿԼմϵ޺죬ɫ⣬¡
ι
ҶҿһȥϵѪ¶ЩԵı顣
߰뷨ҶĪľЩ£ȻԷδʲô˺ΪԷ̫аòƳˡ
㡭ʲô
ɳƴϵɤĥµɳʯҶ˿ĭСĴҶҡ
Էû˵ֻ΢΢ױʾ϶
ҶҿЩϤܣ˵ȥ±ׯ𡣡
ͷ˼κ˫ˮ˫תһ£ͳɤûС
ˡ
ţ
Ҷһ㶣ѾɫΧû±ׯӰ
ͷԷͼǰѾʧˡ
һ紵ҶҺëֱܿտյֻüӲҡڣԶ紵µ
ҶЩµɪһ£ȴǦһá
˶δ֪ĺڰһĪη壬Ҷʼһɢȥ
ͷİԼССһţֻܸԼһ˿΢İȫС
ʱһ˫ֽסҶҾ˶ҵĲһ¡
¡
Ỻ±ׯеҶ͵̧ͷڿſۿõˮߵһરવͣ
ҡҺ£Ϊʲôҡ
ίҪû
֮ǰеӲʧ±ׯֵʱ֪Լжϣܵȵ
Ǹ
±ׯұҶңϵˡ
Ҷҽ§±ׯĲӣʪˮ±ׯĲһˮۡ
ֻĿţйԼĿֻ޴룬ͨͨ۾
Ȼȥ
±ׯ罫Ҷҹס뿪ʱͷǼڰӿһۣԼûвĸӡ

ôŪˣ
ǧСİҶҲҩϧ
ҶſڴϣЩƣĲŽëȴڱϵ˲͵ôһһؼ䣬ǧѾҩ
Ĳȴֲ˯ӣǧ۵Ķͷ
Ҷ֣ȴüĽ壬û±ׯ¶ȣûаȫС
ߴһ̾ǧȥˡ
ûãһֻůͷ
Ҷ̧ۿԷʱ۽ǻЩ죬±ׯڱЩԷӡ
ͷϵȴޱϧĸԴ
±ׯˡ
ҶŴŴ﷢ֱ׵Լĸ飬һ˫ʪ۾ӳ±ׯӡ
±ׯһ̣ͽҶԼ
Ҷұˣ±ׯſԼٿڴ
ҶĲ˲䣬ԼŲ˸ơ
±ׯĿ⿴ҡҷںڵЩֱҶЩ΢ΪԼ½ůʱſ˿ڡ
ǹｫߵġ
Ҷһ΢üۣδ˵ʲô
˼һֱ֣ԭûгҲܣȻӴ󵽸ҵ߰ˣұ˻ģòİ׮
ʵ±ׯû˵ǣ֪ҶҵĿ̽Ҷĵλ
ԼҲ˻ᵭҶҶԼӰ죬ûѹļƻ
ҶҵʱЩôҲ˵ˡ
±ׯЩԳĹ˴ǣٲԸϣҶҳΪҲʵ
ǲǲӳƻļƻ𣬱Ǹ
Ҷҽ±ׯٿڣƵЩ±ׯڵļС
±ׯһͣòҶҵ
ҶڵסԵĽǡ
ܶණԸȥ룬Ȼܣ±ׯԾһܾĵݣͼ˦ȥȻץסˣͲ֡
±ׯ̾һյҶҵĶߡ
£Ҳᶪġ
Ҷұһᣬӿ
±ׯһֱĲҲһֱԼİ취
ԽôһΣΪʲôҪء
ô±ׯҵˡ
˯ɣ
±ׯҶҵĺ󾱣ڴϣҶСſԼϡ
˭֪Ҷȴڣ˵
±ׯЦŽ˴
Ҷͷȥͱһֻס۾
ʱ򣬾ͼ±ׯֻ¡
¿ɺˣ
±ׯͷ½§˻
ҶҵС͵͵±ׯڣԼСĵŲֱ±ׯŰĵĺۡ
±ׯҶҵСֻݵĬһеΪ
ҶҵıϻԼɼһѪۣͲɱһ
ŵˣò״ǸСС˱鶯ۣȴ̶̼գͱӡ
ǺܿǵֱΪһ˿ӣΪЩһɵĺ
ߡ
˯Ҷ±ׯٿڲ˲䣬ˮʪ½󣬻һСĺ
±ׯЩʧЦ΢죬СѹЩεģ
ǰЩˡ
Ī˿ࡣ
ţҶҵĿרעȻϿһ˿׵ӡӡ
ᰴһ£Ҷұüͷܡ
С±ׯЩҶϵ˾Լ˵ʱСı̹ġ
ôϵģֻ˴ˡ
±ׯ̧̧֣һɫӰӴ¡
Ŀ⿴ȥԷ㽻һֽ
Ҷұӽĸﵽӳʧ޾ϸȫг
±ׯֽȥպӹΪҽ
գ͸ˡ
ϾӦ֪Լûжĵġ

Ҷһʧ׹͵ؾѣʶץĶȴһϸļ
ͷȥԼſ±ׯϣ±ׯѾɢľ͸պ÷ٿڡ
±ׯͷ˯һſûаȵģ
ҶҰ˿ĭһ˫۾ĲܿƵĵҿ
ǰֻ￴߶ǵджôΪˣɵʵʵļˣ֪е˾бƾһĶ
±ׯ°ļǴ
ʲô
ŸոѻЩɳƵɤ±ׯҶҵͷ
Ҷ㬵ֹ֣ԹԵſ˻ȥ

 24 

ҶҿǰҲ̶õ±ׯĻ
ǰջǰŮӣʱѾûһõʬ塣
⿴һۣǸĴЦģñ
ԭǽҶҹﵱҸеĹֻͣû뵽澾ҶҹҽǸҶҹ
˶ˣҶҲȥƽʲô
ֻƽϣɲ±ׯôˡ
ӵǺֶΣΪһʲô˵ֻ㸮еˣѵӾûпܲϵĹ𡣡
￴±ׯһٵ˼š
ǰյºţ֪±ׯЩӱڸڰв̽ûвصĶ
֪ԼжӦڵĺܺãͲס±ׯʵڲʲôöԸˣɱһ˿ġ
ţ²±ׯǲô
ֻ֮ǲ֪´ô
Ƴ±ׯ׻᲻Ὺʲô
±ׯЦһʹ˸ɫ˽˵ʬȥһְҶҵͷ
˵ӵһׯӣҵҶҲ󣬹غҪʮ˼ȥ֪ҪЩʲôã֪ӿϲϸ
ҧأڸȷ±ׯ㲻ʮ˫۾ȴδͣ¹
ֻһƽׯҲͰˣǴٵĲպ֮ڽϾѾٵĻ
ӿźʮֲᣬЩǿѣҲѰ죬ֻԺʺǱߡ
´˿ˣһׯӶѡ
ＷһѿЦ
ڻʺ£ʵ˵Ǻܶ࣬ʺҲǸҰĵģſԼ
Լܺͻʺʲôͻֻ±ׯ˽նʺצ
±ׯһƥǣʼԼֲ̫ĺãɴʱѾͶҪһƤ
һ˿âȻ±ׯĿҲ±ׯù
ǶʲôΪ֮ĳҲǵǿȡ֮ͽ
Ȼᡣ
νһ¸뿪
Ҷ̧ͷЩɻĿ±ׯ˵ҪǴׯʲôֻһ𡣡
ȻֻܺһׯӣǴӱҪģãҲ
±ׯЦǣҶҵ֡
Ҷʲô飬±ׯ˵ģҲǡ

ţ˺ҹԼгҲȾ˰˪Ҷ㣬֦Լɼˮɵı
Ҷڴӱʮֲܣǧ쵣ţΪ˲ٵİ
ֱһڳŮһš
ҶЩѵϵĲ豭ȴôҲŲӰſϣòײõ豭ò
ŬºһȲ裬һ˫۵Сֶķ졣
ҶǸصصϷˣٺĳУûôĶ졣
ɴʱȻͷûѩҲǰıҲˡ
ҶҰֽڴһȦëԶҶҾһͨͨ
±ׯʱҶٶҲɢˡ
ôô硣
쵽أ͢Ҳʼݼ٣⼸Ӧæʱ
ڻ磬±ׯͻˡ
вٵϵңϣܽҵƷҪӦýʮҵС
ʵʱиѿֳĻ
޲˵һˣûʸΪ٣οһƷ١
ĵҲûУÿ˭ļң˵ԼĵλŷڻĨ
ֽɵĹԱǵһΣһʱҲЩѰ죬Ȼ⼸ʱҪֹеˡ
ЩԱǲҲ֪Ľŭʱû̫
ǽЩ˶ǵ
±ׯЦһ˿Ȳ衣
ɸһڣҲ֪վŻŵҶ۰Ͱ͵ĿԼ
±ׯüһ豭͵Ҷҵߡ
Ҷյ±ׯոպȹĵطһڣȻ͵͵Ц
±ׯЩʧЦȴҶҵС
Ȼ±ׯûôæ˴һʱͱ䳤ˡ
֮ǰҶѧ֣±ׯҪϸĶ
ҶҸ±ׯ鷿ߣȴصĶ߹ǳߴ磬Ǹеܴϵġ
Ժһˣǰѹ
Ҫдһٸ֣Ȼ緹Ͳܳ⡣
Ҷҵ˶һͷԵӡ
ͻȻ±ׯڼҲôˡ

ôˣֻۡ
±ׯСһίĲеӾЦ
˵дһٸ֣дʮˣˡ
緹ʱһֻ۱һֻ۵̬ȣԼ뷹һֻĶǡ
Ҳ֪ôСθڶôãҲԲ塣
±ׯҲЩҶأӻЩܲס
ɲ͵ˡ
±ׯҶҵֱۣȤһ档
Ҷҿɥ±ׯĻͷһһµײٿڡ
ɲԲҪдôࡣ
ʱֱʻɲ٣ддžͽһֺһţûа취ֻ
Ҷģ±ׯõͷĻҶҵĶȴޱȵĲ̡
С

ҶҰһſ±ׯϲˡ
ϵ˺𡣡
Ѿˡ
Ǿȥ˯
Ҫ
Щѹҷ
Ҳ˯
ֲҪ
ů͡
ѽ
յҹůıκ˵һܣҹ˵ȴЩѰ
ҹʱҶһͷ亹һš
ʹķ˸±ׯ
ϤȴӾҵʹſ˵ѣһ̲סйĿ
ҧŴԼȥҪ±ׯ
±ׯ˯ǳҶҷȥʱѾ
ֻΪҶҵ˯˲֣ȴᵽһѪζ
͵ط´ȼԼ׵һ̲Ѫ
Ҷң
±ׯæȥҶңȴ˶ŲԸԼ
һʱļҶҵߣ֪ܲҶʲôʱصˡ
ҽҶҿҲʲôôЩѪġ
ѪζԽԽأҶ亹ֱðɫ԰ֽͷڴǽϣ޲úݺݵײȥ
ʵ̫ˡ
Ҷҡ
±ׯǿƿӽҶұʱŷҶҵĿŲٵѪ
Щ£ΪͲ֪⵽ʲôԭ򣬶ֱӰǿҶҵĿһ̽
±ׯ
Ҷҽ˫Ŀſǻ֡
Ҷܣ±ׯҲ
㡭
ȴһʱƿԣ±ׯֻ֪޴ıҶңϵѪԵһƬհס

 25 

ʲʲôˮ
ǧ±ׯһӾЩЦ
ҶҵڼʱӦǸˣֻǰ𣬳ýϳЩҲǽڸкһʱ䣬ʼ
±ׯЩ㶵ģ֪ŮӲͬҶǸӣδ뵽һ硣
ߣһӣȻȥ˽Ů֮¡
ںЩ𡣡
±ׯƤЩ죬˵ЩĿİͰ͵ģܲ˼
֮ǰ˵Ӳйֻ⼸ⲻٵҲûӣֻܰţȥЩˮš
ǧ̾˿ȥæˡ
±ׯվ⣬˺һŽȥ
Ҷ۵˶ڴϣŮӵȷʵкܴĲͬһãʱʱܵ
Ҷң
±ׯҶҺʪĶͷɫ԰ӣҲġ
ԭŮӵ徹㽿
ΪѾҶˣɾôһ¶ĥҶࡣ
ãұŮҪЩ
Ҷĳ˳ǣ±ׯġ
ţ
±ׯЩҶҵ˼
ԺӰ˵Ǹʹ
±ׯüһ̾˿
úõŮôųء
һ̣±ׯĲ񻰣ʶ˵Ļ
ֻҶգգ۾ëɨġ
ֻס
ҶҵЩ̫ˣϲԼľġ
±ׯû˵ʲôֻҶҿĵط޹⡣
ҶҲķ˸С׹ʹĸоƣѼǻžô˯ȥʹĥ۽ˮ
Ҷҡ
±ׯһξЩ޴룬Ϊû취
üϸƬ̣±ׯ΢˱ŸҶҵСϡ
һǡôůҶҵĲʣ΢ۿ±ׯ־ȵӣĺҪ
ʸкܿͱƣϯҶص±ׯ˼ֱ֣±ׯֱۣ˯˹ȥ
±ׯϧĸҶüģԴԴϵҶҵڡ
ǧ˺гܰĳ棬˿ˡ
ˮҶ°ɡ
֪һ˯˶ã֮Ҷʱ׹ʹѾû֮ǰǿҡ
仹ʮֲʣܵķΧڡ
ЩãȻĻ˻漴ͷ±ׯɸԼСϣ±ׯͱȳԲ԰׵ʱž͸һ㡣
ʱ±ׯ뿿ڴϣü΢ǳвʡ
Ҷ۵ץס±ׯ֣˷Լϡ
ֻһ±ׯ˫ۡ
Զ׼ƣ±ׯ˫ɼ
ʱҶҷֳ⿴һۣŷɫѾ˻ƻ֮ʱ
Ҳˡ
Ҷ˵ѵÿ±ׯ֣ϽջԼ
֪±ׯôԴԴϵ͸ɼ±ׯ˵ʵжǿ
ʹҶһۡ
ȻˣЩˮ
±ׯüģһֱС¯ŵúëסһһĴ΢͵Ҷҵߡ
ҶĺˣֱѾ˵ףźСĶ±ׯ˵㡭ܳȥһ𡣡
±ׯЩԣҶ˻ܵʱ򣬶޲ߣ˵һȷʵЩ߾ҶֲһĲ˼Ҳ̹Ȼˡ
ҶҴͷҿ±ׯһҪѪѾо»ĴֱŪˡ
ȥ
̲סֻ
±ׯЩ⣬ϰԵȻᵽ˿ɢѪζ
ԺҶһҪͷӣôʱǽǧйΪá
ȣúǧŴҶҵ˳
±ׯʶıߣȭڴһ
ȥ鷿һЩٻҡ
±ׯ˵ʹæ뿪ʱ˿Ҳһ˿Ƹ뾽ȡ
һҶŹȥõǳ˵һҶ۵²˴濴ų㵹Ҳûʲô󰭡
±ׯЩЦǣ⼸ҶԼҪ˯Ӳǲ±ׯ
վɹţҶҲ俴ŻЩɬŮģҲŸӵĽ
ڹݼٵǰգ֪ΪʲôЩҪ±ׯͽȥЩԱֱӱҲյ˲ٵ֤
һ±ׯжֽнΣﰲڳ͢Ҳ˲١
±ׯľ棬ҪŶԼ֣ΪͷԿֻԼ
һ˳Ľӭ˶յĳѩ
ŵ˵Ҷҵһμװع۱һƬ׵ľɫȻﶼ
ҶҴǧԼİ˳ȥһһԼȳĽӡ·ҲǼʲôȤĶЦ
֦ȻıȻСĴһ£û˱͵͵һڡ
ĸо̲סһ
һҧ£һȡ
ҶһѩźݺݵĲȥֱҲЦת
±ׯݵĿָ硣
СЩĪҪٶˡ
׺жŮӵ塣
Ҷ§ס±ׯڵѾ±ׯļ򴦣ϲ±ׯĻͷ
±ׯ죬Զֵ֧еķѩ
±ׯͷҶңŰСߵëƣŸӽοˡ
ڵҶҺ͵ǸССһѾһˣø˵Ŀ⣬Ůӵζ
ƺûκεı仯Ϊ˫鶯ɫڿʱҫ۵ǹ⡣
Ը⽫ҶҼһֱߵԭΪ˭ʼһ
±ׯרעĿҶҵﲻܿƵҪ˫ںڵ
һ±ׯĴһ£һû͵͵Ҳûܣǹı¶Լ⡣
Ǻ̧ͷ±ׯĿ⡣
Ƭ̵ʱҲ˺ü㣬̲ס־׵ľʱһֻסĺԣһֻ§ס
żȻͼ±ׯЦŸĴ
һ룬ǳֹĲƣʲôǰ˼ܣʲôľ
±ׯǰ·֪ʲôʱëĴѩͣ΢΢Ľëںڵķϡ
˿ɢ˴˽Ļȡ
ҶͻȻ;ñ΢ᣬвһ˵ġ
ֱ촭±ׯɿʪȵĴĦչȥҧһڡ
±ׯԼĳᣬ̲ס̧§±ׯĲӡ

 26 

֮ǰվЩһˡ
±ׯٰҶҵһӿΪǶԱ˴˵ռѾʵĸı䡣
ҶҶı仯ϲּģΨһյ±ׯȴΪɲͬסһ䷿
һĴŴϵ±ׯ˯ã⽫ͬ޶µķøԼȥһͷ
ҶôģòԼ̫ӣվƽȵλ±ׯദôҲŹᡣ
ɫҶıͷĵ˹ȥ
ǧ쿴ҶŵıӰε̾˿ûأҶڰɣô˵Ǻݲġ
Ҷҿɲ֪ǧԼı·Сų߹ȥڵҹɫ̨װ˺üͷ
պߵսʱŵĳ²ˡ
ҶңȥҴء
²ǺǵЦţһĴ顣
ҶҸϽָһ¾±ׯ
²Ȼĵͷĵָ˸
ҶȻЦţ²ʹ˸ɫ͵͵ǰߡ
²źЦļۣת뿪ʱ㻬̨ס
µٿڣû˿˿ѹִҪ͵ˡ
˵ҶҾһ·ͨ裬ò׿쵽±ׯķſڣͼС½߳
Ҷæڽ䣬ȴﻹλεĵ
С½һĪĿ̧°Щĵĺһ󣬾ʹ뿪
ҶҲԣֻС½֪Ŀġ
æϨŵűߡ
ԼԼһЩˮ
Ҷ͵ƿţӭ͸ܵһ˿ůˮ
±ׯԡĵ̽˸ͷͼ±ׯ¶ļ޳Ĳ
ˣʲô
߷͵Ҷһ
Ц߽±ׯȴڸһ̧žͱ±ׯס

ҶסͻȻ峺ԡͰУ±ׯӿɼֲŮӣȻꡣ
֪һ֣ȥҡ
±ׯûлͷһԱߵ¡
ֻҶҵȴи淴Ҫ±ׯĻĵ뷨߹ȥȥ̽±ׯһС
ǰͬ˯ʱҲ±ׯһ壬±ׯֲ١
˾޴ĺ档
Ҫ±ׯһӣôԶ̹ʹǲкӣΪ˴֮ܵˣҲ֪ԷһС
߰뷨һԺﻷƣҶҵ֫ǲܿһ±ׯ߽
ʿˮ±ׯվԡͰպõλãֻԿɢĳϸı
̲סָ⣬ȴܿƵĿʼ
Ҷңһ㡣
±ׯɳƣʲô
Ҷ͵ջ֣ת˳ȥ
±ׯԡͰ̻¶Լ־׳ǣÿһ缡ⶼǡôƽǰŽķɫֱĹ֡
ָԼ⻬°ͣûһ˿â
ҶҽŲڴأǻ뵽ԼΪ᲻±ׯúѿ
ǲǲΪ±ׯⲻɡ
Ҷҧס´ңĵ뷨ʼûɢ
ỺƽȵĽŲ̧ͷȥ±ׯɢ¶ŵ۵ļ
ĳܶΣÿһǻΪ±ׯ嶯ġ
֪һ͵͵Ҳ֪һô๦ʲô
±ׯεҡͷЦ
˳ˣ벻ëһ㶼ûб䡣
ҶҼ±ׯϲûʲôɫЦ˴ƿӶ±ׯĴ塣
±ׯָһڱںڰ
±ׯʲôʱס
ٴЩ
Ѿˡ
˯ɡ
±ׯ
ԡ

Ҷҵĺƽ೤±ׯ˫ۣƿ˴ںڰд
⼸ѩһֱ¸ֱͣ滹Ʈѩ
ֻҪһ߳ȥѩû˵ĽŲӡ
±ׯҹɫ߽ƧĺԺƬҲѾ˱˪͸¶һľɫ
ԶķݻλƵ𣬺ڵˡ
±ׯƿţͼһͷڻӺīһ̲ˮҲ˼
Ѻӹ˰ɡ
˵Żϵ硣
ųٿڵĺӣ˼Ƭ̣ȴҡҡͷ
ôǰ㲻Ż𡣡
±ׯЦһƳд֡
鷨˲٣ȴֻǰдá
â¶⣬ļֲźƽȵĶܡ
ˡ
ҡҡͷıʷ£˫۱ֱ˱ŵģ
ֻż±ׯʱôһ˿
ǰӲҡ
˵±ׯЩ񣬵±ׯ͸࣬ȴƽûκ
Ѿˡ
˭
δĵҷˡ
Ҷң±ׯ˵Цš
Ĳ׽仯ڵת˵㡣
±ׯ΢ò³һ
ɲ㡣
Ѿˡ
㻹ܾá
±ׯɫŰ⣬в˵ĸӡ
һġ
˵Ļ±ׯЦ
һЩ˵˶ʮ꣬û뵽Ĺˡ
ת۾±ׯϸµɨÿһüۣῡӣڵ촽ЩӲṴ
ֻһ΢СĶֻԼ֪
˾Ĭţֱ±ׯȾһȲ裬ϵ硣
ҪˣҲһˣЩѩ󣬲Ҫܺ
±ׯ˵̧뿪
翴ųĴţѩƬأƽֻ±ׯһһȥĽӡ
±ׯ±ׯ¡
緢һЦһӣ½գֻϡԿӳһߴӰӡ

ؽߵСҲĻ˼ңȻ壬ȴ·ʱᱻԷϵĺۣܰЦʹվԶԶҲ
ҶҸ˵ǣ±ׯ֣һ̯Ӽ̯ǰޡ
㣬ҡ
ҶĶ±ׯ˵ȴ˵һڽǸ±ׯһȥ
˺̵Цռıˡ
ǧҲ̲סЦֻôҶ󣬵׻ǲһˡ
±ׯʧЦֽҶҴߵˡ
ҪȥĶ
±ׯٳţվ͵ˣǽȴŲٵʳš
ÿĹǰҪȥ̽һЩˡ
С½ţĺЦһЦҶʲôˡ
ҶĥĥС½һݿˮ
߰ɡ
Ҷϲѩ죬ϲѩ档
±ׯԸǣһ·߹ȥ
С½ʹĳ²²ȴЦǺǵİ˰֡
һ·߹ȥ˼

 27 

ҶôҲû뵽±ׯôƫԶһСӣֻʮ˼ңΪæš
Ҽһĺܽʱܻȥ֡
¸ˡ
һǱС˸߲ҵ˽±ׯĻ
߰ӣź
С۶ֳˡ
±ׯЦŽСŮϴ͵Ц⡣
´ˣ´ˡ
±ׯվڴڣ˶Χ˹
ñǿ׿˵С½ҲĴĵЦݡ
ǧ²ʹϤĽ̸ЩҲδʲôн֮ȻĽӹ
Ϥľ˴߷õˣޱȵ硣
ׯ
һЯ䴩Ŵֲ£ȴȲһ
塣
±ׯС۶ȴûһҶҡ
ʲôӡ
ŭĽӹ±ׯС۶ͷȥ档
С۶ľ죬Ȼ뵽ʲô͵Цܿˡ
µոˣÿһ궼û¹
Ķ룬źš
һӢǰĿҶҵϡ
ø鶯Ŀˣׯġ
ŶԷĵЦ±ׯҲûмƽϣǣҶҵֽǰ֡
δĵҷˡ
һ±ׯ϶ݣҶѵõЩ˼
һۣ˱˴еľȡ
û˵ʲôֻЦӦ˱á
ЩֵķΧҶҵЩĶԷǲǲϲ
±ׯҶҵͷЦ˵˾ôһˡ
뵽ʲô±ׯ⣬óһаʵĸ㡣
ǵһ֣ġ
ֲǲ֪ʱǲԸˡ
̾һҲΡ
ʹˣô󡣡
Цʲô¡
ȥ
±ׯһ֣ǣҶƫԶһéݷ
éݷԵĲͬһ̣Ҳ˲ٵĹ󵶡
±ׯ
Ҷ̧ͷʳɻ󣬿ɻߣֲ֪ôڡ
ŵǸаˣŲũҵС䣬Լ±ׯ̬ȣŲٵܡ
±ׯܵǸˣҲ׷̽Ѱ±ׯһС
ÿ˶ӦԼĹǲ̹ϣǺܶණûҪ
ʱҶңҲܻȥˣ±ׯΪֻҪõ¾͹ˡ
Ժ㶼֪ġ
̫ӣ±ׯʱҶ֪̫ࡣ
Ҷһһ˽
塣
±ׯֱƿŽȥȻǸӰĥѾһͷȴûб䣬Щ׳Ǻ͸ţһӡ
ԷֻĥĶһ٣ȴûлͷֻͷɡ
壬һ֡
ôˡ
ԷģЩŤ̬ȴ͡
㡣
±ׯһַڼªľϣֻЦЦƽ̹Ȼ
ԽԷȴӵĲȻ
ǳСô
ĵͷڵϣӲ
ܺá
ҡԡԡ
壬ҵҳ׵ˡ
±ׯŤĻѿڶԵЩС
һֻڻ谵ڲͷֺܿı˻ȥ
ҶֻϡŲֵǲǿǣԷҲǸͨˡ
ͦͦõġ
ԷűԼԿԷֲһ۽ǡ
ҶЩ޴룬ǸߴӰͷӣҲܴᵽǷݸпᡣ
ʱҾͲȥˣǡҪúõġ
ţġ
±ׯǸȥıӰʱĴҶ˳ȥռǸʼվǿĲԸͷˡ
ɾ±ׯҶת뿪ʱͻͷ뿪
ҶϸۣܷŲϵһ˼
´硣
˸մéݳһӰɱ˹üǰһյĽˣŵŮ㡣
񡣡
±ׯӦ˶Է
ǰŮҧ´ӵ͵͵̧ۿ±ׯҶĲ˶ԷĲͬѰ
ǰһվ±ׯǰԷӭĿ⡣
ֻȴֻûпҶңֱĿ±ׯ
´磬ڼ˷߰ɡ
˵ֳס±ׯӡ
Ҷ±ׯǣŵһһѡ
±ׯһ˿Ц⣬˦֣ȭڴһ
ˣֻЩ
ȴźܲģһ˫ֲȥ
ǰ´綼˷ߵģѾ˷ˣ´Ͳһ𡣡
˵ţĿȴƳҶһۡ
ҶҧҧһЦ˵Ǿɡ
±ׯĿ΢Ц˳Ҷҵ⡣
֪±ׯҪҶ÷Ǹˡ
С½ѾС۶濪ˣǧȥ֣²һͬҡ̸˵ء
ҶͬҲͬ壬ȴֵľһ˵ҹ
Ϊ˴ĸѾԺӣʼˢժˣҲæĲֺ
ΨЩڵıҶҡ
κ˶죬ԷЩҲûа취롣
±ׯʼǰ޵ĽҶų⡣
±ׯɫѾ֮ǰЦ⣬һһΣĲ͡
ء¸硭
С۶˽±ׯĻһССèһС½Щӣվһû˵
С½۸ҡ
С۶źһСֿߵָС½
±ׯɨС½һۣС۶
¸磬ȥ׺òá
С۶ĳ±ׯӣ±ׯͷҶһۣҶЦŵ˵ͷ
һһӰЯ뿪Ҷŵ⣬ȴһЩӵС
±ׯһϲӰɣչԼʱôϸģԼʱҲô
±ׯһԼĺӾͺˡ
һ̣ҶҵﲻǶ±ׯݵϧۣһԶû취Լ۰ĺӡ
Ȼ´һһΣС۶ųģÿʱС۶ϲ´棬һ־һ죬´Ҳ
ɤЩĴ̾ϢҲ֪Щֻǵ˵Ҷʲô
Ҷûд𻰣ΧЦæµˣû±ׯľһ顣
ޱȵİһѿ
˵´ҪףʵǸ֪ʱǲ̫ͬģΪ̫Сˣ´ʱֲ˭ܱ֤պ᲻Ϊ´ݾȥ´ϲֹܲˡ
´ҶҼۣĿдޡ
ҶµܣԴİıԼΪĳ˶±ׯһ塣
ҪȻ˼ÿ궼Ҳһ±ׯ顣
ҶͻȻͱ޴ֽǵΪ֣õһطȴû취ϲ
һû취ϲ±ׯҲϲĶ
ҲþѹǶ´˼ģֻȰȰϻҪЩ
ûҶҵʹͷੲݵ˵š
С½棬ݵü
㻰ôô࣬´˵ʲôֵˡ

 28 

ЩߵĿС½ֱӷô͹ܲˣСʱ´һ𳤴Ǹʱ򻹲֪˵ˣ㲻´ˣʲôʸָҡ
һһɤ˵ĻȴĶҺſ̱뼥
С½ҲǸ±ׯü꣬ȻʲôˣҲûҶҵľ벻ڣȻҲӡ
ô¸ĵҷֻҶһҲǣ˵ٶ಻Ҳֻöѡ
С½ƲӸµĸһĸ߰ѹ
С½ôĵӣҿǡ
񣡡
±ׯʱǳס񣬿֮ɫһ˫ڳûй
һҧŴ˵ʲô
ĻٱôһӾͲٿˡ
±ׯ仰ǣҶҵ֡
ȥʱͷҲصͻȻ˵ҵ£ȷʵܲˡ
С½һ±ׯ뿪
ֻ۲ʵֱš
ղŵ꣬±ׯµԵʣ֣ʮӰһ·϶ЩĲȣ˿ЩԱҵĲ
Ҷϲ磬Ȱ·ʳ
ֻһ⣬۾һͷڷ
Եˣ·һִЦ
˵ϲԣרΪģԵҲ͸ˡ
ҶĴ˿ŷֻһк⡣
±ׯϲһͬ÷ֻ±ׯ
֣õĲ˴඼ϲģ˭ȥȻö롣
ҶЩ˼ԷлִֺǺǵİ˰֣˵ˡ
տɲȹƽҲһһΣ˵רΪˣиˡ
±ׯҶ͹ӣЦ
ҶҸֿ죬ֻǰķ˸ˡ
˵ʱҪţҪ֪ıңʲôҶһС
±ׯŲˣࡣ
ҶҵͷЦЦĬĿʼǷŵǿվɢˡ
ù±ׯˡ
סҶһ˹
Ѿͷǻúÿŵģ˵ҵôˣ˶ܸˣֻǰû˵ҶûбԼ׼һ⣬С۶Ժ޸ȥ껹Сһӣ۵ĶǽΪá
忴ʹӻóһ첼Ϻõİ񣬾Сɣʵϳˣɲͨеġ
λҲǸĵģû¾ʱˣǣǿһҪúõġ
ЦŽҶҵĲϣЩ޴ģͷ
±ׯӹϸϸĦ֪ĲǶףϣܷЩ¿ʼƽͨӡ
Ժ¾ĪҪˣ㵽ܷһеʱĴűΪ㳨
±ׯҶת뿪ʱƽ
±ׯ̲סͷȥվŴеˣǴ͵Ŀ±ׯӵȺ￴Ǹ׳ӰֻǲԸ¶Լ
֪ˡ
Цһûźתȥ
ҶͷھôЩϲˣΪΪ±ׯãҲĽˡ
±ׯûκʱɫѾһСѩ£С½ǧɡվ±ׯҶҵࡣ
²ϣ˹ĸں档
±ׯͻȻЦ˫ĺĴ˹
Ҳã͸÷ֿΪԼҲΪǡ
±ׯ
ҶҽĿס±ׯ֣ʼղ֪ʲô飬˿̵±ׯȴһìܵȻ¼š
±װɡ
͵꣬±ׯӡ
ʱӦҲʮˡ
á
ĵЦţĬץ±ׯ֡
һӭСѩ˸Уֻ³Ľӡһߣ˴˾ߵľͷ

´˿ǻˣۼѾˡ
ϲЦӭ˹˴ŲٵƷ
ЩǻվĹֻ֪´˸жλĹӿⷿЩŮ֮
ҶҿЩ޳鱦ͱۣЩɼֵͣ˵;ˣδҲ̫󷽡
С½ȥ鷿ϵĻ
ǡ
С½һε̴ľӣԵֹء
ϲʲôֻЦｫӹ
ۼҾͻعˡ
ϲ±ׯ𣬱˺ƺƵ뿪
ֻиС̫ྭ±ׯʱĻʲô
ʱϲոտŵż
⹬С̫ʲôʱöˡ
ԣϲĽŲһ٣Ĭ뿪ˡ

ϿһһЦõĶ鰸ϡ
ֻ̯ĻϾǸ̬ŮǷϸĺ˸ŮӵĳƢԡ
Сӣ޶ʮüˣĻ̰ͼɫЩŮӡ
Ͽϸĵ飬Ц
ҲôȥЩ
´Ҳϣϥиá
ϲһԣЩֻҲЦ⡣
㶮ʲô뺮ޣÿ˶ٵĽ鱦ֻЩֵǮֻҲ겻һʲô
ī
ԣһÿնæʱһ軨ˣǻôˡ
ػϣţ԰
ǱúŰɣҲѵǳСӿϱһ⣬ָЩʲôֵǮ
ҡͷЦȴźɣʲô֮⡣
ϲߵǰĴˣС˵и̫˽¸´˴ţ֤ǻʺߵˡ
ϵɫ
Ǹֵ֪ģǻ·ҪӲҪ·ˣ޸ľȻûзϣǾͱ޲Щľˡ
ô棬ŵϴ
նӵĶΡ
ʵ˲٣Ӧϴα´˷һЩӲˡ
ϳƬ̣ǰҡҷ𣬹˺ðβ̾һ˵ȥҵΪ̫Ӱɡ
ϲһ𣬷ӹڵǰ
Ӣ
˿ɲ֪һ
ǳصʱ򣬶ֺ±ׯ
Ͼ֮ǰٵĹԱڽϵףѵ˶Ž±ׯãһˣԼ˽µЩ¾ͱͱ˳
±ׯҲ߲ܣ˲ȴһûա
ôһʱ䣬ԺͰ˲ٵ䱦
ЩжһС
ɺ˭͵ġ
鼾
ҼųǶĴô˻ɣгˮһֱʱʱȻͳЩɼǸǮ¡
ǡ
С½±ׯ󣬼һЩƷ㽫˵Сϡ
ף˭ģôһɺ
С½չȥһ飬ȻȫϵãҲ֪Щùż
Ƭ̣ȻѲ½ġ
Сѧˡ
±ׯЦһЩ¾ɵ顣

 29 

ҶҾʮδ±ׯ
Լʮοڳֻǲ֪ΪΣżһʱ±ׯС۶ӡ
±ׯͿҶ˫ֳ°֪ͣʲô
ЩԽˣȻҶȥ棬ʵЩӦĺ±ׯڷ˵ůЩ
ʲô
Ҷһ̧ͷ±ׯ
漴Цûʲô˵½ˡ
ǰЩ½һҲ֪ŵ֪½Ѿ֪ѲľԭѲλá
ѹֵ±ׯ뿪ʱ½պ󻹻ټԭʱ±ׯѾ⡣
ţǰЩӵ¡
½䵨С£ȷʵǸΪյĺù٣һߵĻҲδɡ
Ҷ½̶ֻ̼棬ҲǸΪȤˡ
ʵ±ׯҪҶ˵
ΪǰҶʱе£ÿҲϯͬ졣
±ׯǶҪǰȥġ
ţ
Ҷգ۾û뵽ϻָҪͬȥ
ð
ȻӦܹҲһ¡
֪ҶҪ±ׯǧ컹صذðһׯͷ
ҶҼʵ̫ţԸЩֻʧׯؼɣͷɻ

ᣬֻҪͷĹԱҪЯҾϯҶ±ׯȥʱ򣬵ѾвٵƱյ䣬̬ŵϹԱʿε״Ԫвٻļ졣
ֻ±ׯǣ߽ȥʱĺѽͣĿⶼ׷׿ˡ
ĿоȣлȻ˼Ҳеıġ
ҶЩĲȻֻڿͦɵ±ׯﶨ̧°ͣĿȻ
޾֪硣
˸ոϱЦǰ
߸һĿˣֻǻʺӦλܳɡ
˵Цˡ
±ׯЦŻӦһ䡣
֮ķΧȻ˿ǾĹϵ
ЩﲻߣҲ׻±ׯ˵ԡ
±ׯһ
ҶҲ֮п˳֮Ļǡ
עĿӦǸĴҵϺһ׺ͣüۼֲʧ˵ļϡ
ҶһǵһμһЦ崺ˣ̲ס࿴ۡ
ԷĿ⣬ͷһ͵΢Ц
˲ҶͷһС̼ҵǸ硣
ǵʱǸңһжֲ̿ǸЦͼǸƽļҡ
ֻǿϧԷʱסѧУǼʱ䲢󡭡㣬֪ˣǸӦİɡ
ţҶҿŶԷЩӵС
ҵֻҪһЦĺӱԺǸغϡ
±ׯĸоĲԾ˳߿ʱλڹеĴҵ
ҵ֪ЩΪЩ͵ˡ
ȴѶϣ׺Ϳֲʧ
һΪ֮ˡ
ֻҶĪǻԷʲôԨԴ
Ҷҿ۾΢ųĬջߣֻҵȴ˹
´ˡ
ҵЦ±ׯ˸Ϊһǫͣ±ׯݶκ̬֮
궼´һǰȴЩһҲǺ½
ҵ̬Ϻƣ׻˵ֲЦˣ±ׯĮ߰ӣʱҵ㣬ҲЦŻӦ˶Է
Ӽԡ
ߣһˣѧȢʲô
һгҶȻͷȥһŮӡ
ԷӭҶҵĿ⣬бһ
⵹ҵĲˣﰭԷ˵ۡ
±ׯЦЦĲͷԷǲȥӣſרע˶ӵʱ򣬼˳С
ɶԷֻô΢һ٣űߡ
ߵɿǼһͷĺ
˭֪±ׯжǲãƫλ˾ϲͷײ
ңǰǸ飬ɾλڱ˵±ׯһ䣬ͳ˸ɡ
ҪٰѶԷǼˣǵϵ׿ɲԷƵģ˵ֻܳڵˡ
´Ī֣˳Բѷ¹ٻȥú˵˵
Դ˲Ŷϵĺæ±ׯ
Է˵̫ξȻӲĺܣ±ׯٴ󣬻ǿڱջָʲô³
˵Է˼±ׯҲԭɵģԷ˵ѪԵֳ볯ãɲ֪ΪΣŮһ±±ׯ䵽˱նĵز׶ǣ
ֳЩ˵ˣ̫ξҴҵЩŮϸ֦ˣ˭֪ǲж£Ѱ̫ξ
Ҳ±ׯ֡
¹ȥҲӣǵ˶վ²˵μʢˡ
Դˣ֮ǰǸ飬ȲǼңôҲؼǵͼ޺󣬶Է͵ý򲻵ãùš
Ǻģ˭֪ǰСһ䣬Դ˾ͱְʱԴ˷ǸͲʲô
ǼԹԿԷ±ׯԹ
ֲʲôǸ˵ˣô˵˵ܽӦȥվӿԼᣬҲŻ
˭Ҳû뵽Ҷһ˵ôһλ
ʼϢƽȣвʧֱԷ˵һࡣ
±ׯ΢ȣ漴ǺЦ
㡭ҰѾͷҶҳԲѷ
ԷӰ裬ҲĴС㣬Ȼ˵ʲô˵Ļ
ҶҾͲͬʱ¶Էʺһ¶ԷǷ񻹰á
ôˣ㲻һССɵķˣҶһһƷԱû춼ģ
ԷЦһ˵ʲôұòϲ´ˣֵ˵ģٱ˵˵͸ͷ
ҶֻҪ뵽ڱ˵±ׯķۡ
ô˸ҵ濴±ׯݣ±ׯǧãһҲ˵á
´ˣҰѾͷð𡣡
ԷٿڲָͣҶҡ
ҸУһҷ˵ʲôʲô
ʱ±ׯõֵҶҵ
Ҷĵĺ˶ȴӵ̧ͷͦ٣ݺݵĿŶԷ
ҵһʼĲҲЩЦ￴ŽСˣȴ֪
±ׯ󷽵ĳҶҵݣԵ˶Щ𾪡
û뵽ϵŮܽ±ׯɷ

 30 

СĿ˻һۣȴЦ⣬оһЩпο
˶һû뵽±ׯڻĵλء
úúã޶û뵽ⲻĵǰ˶ѡˣվˣһҪޡ
λЦ±ׯ˵ⷬ
±ׯֻЦ˵ͷ
⹬˶˵ϰ´˵Լ׶ӣˣ檲仰´Ҳſġ
ԵЦı˻ֺû£±ׯ⻰һ˵ɫ
÷ɣճΪڿ޸߿ˣչȥú˼ɡ
÷ɫһףôҲû뵽ôһ仰ͱ乬
ĴҲûУ±ׯ⻰ôֺ֮⣬ȴ˶ŭ
ǾѲɡ
ˣǳԺȵҲڣպҲˣǱְɡ
һӱ뿪
е˶ŵķڵϣֱϵӰʧϤϤ
һĲ豭֪Ϊʲô첻ǻʺ
Ϊʺͱϴ乬
÷ɲ˵ôһ仰ֱϴã¶±ׯйأ±ׯʲôˡ
ֻ֪±ׯլһ˹˽ʮ꣬ʼղ֪˭뵽϶±ׯʼһ̬ȣһʲôܡ
鵽ˣпܾ±ׯİѱ
ţﲻľˮ¶Ц
ҵĨ⣬ѭ߿ҶҳԶ±ׯüд˼
⹬ﻹǲһ춹ⶼȼĺóԡ
±ׯҶһһԵЩʧЦ
ϲûЩ
𡣡
Ȼ
ҶЦ
±ׯĲҶҵǣʱʱҪιһڲ衣
Ҷ±ׯϸĵϣͻȻ뵽ʲôеĸ㡣
±ׯ
ţ
Ҫ𡣡
±ׯŲ豭Ķһ٣Цһ˵ֲ
ǰֻϲӡ
ҶôҲû취±ׯźʱﲻԾ¶͡
˵Ŀ⡣
һ͹ˡ
Ҷ̲סЦЦЦűǼ
±ׯǰˡ
ˣ±ׯΨһĺӣ±ׯԼеϸ¶ҲպҪİ
Ҫһӡ
㲻˵Ҫϵ𡣡
ǰ뱲ң뱲㡣
ҿҪ档
Ϊʲô
ΪҲ뿴ޱӡ
ҶҶסתͷ±ׯĻ
ݻĹӣΧˣҶҾǾã˿ֻ̾ʣ±ׯ
±ׯЦţݵĸҶҵͷ뼹
ˣ㻹Բˡ
ҿԺȾ𡣡
ҶҵƵģ±ׯ˿Ŀ⣬ˣһ±ׯĻ
СӺʲôơ
ҲСӡ
ҶҲĿ
±ׯʧЦæӦúúãֻһ㡣
ҶֿЦžСɵľƱʢ˾Ө͸Һ壬ЩĴ˹ȥ
ɾҪʱƱ±ׯ˹ȥ
±ׯһڣŽʣС뱭ƻҶҡ
Ҷŭĵ±ׯһۣ±ׯüһдţûȥˡ
һ±ׯոĵطȥ
ǼǾζ㣬ֻյýҲһ΢ĸо
ͷһھͺȾĸо˰ӡ
±ׯ̲סЦ
ɲܺȵģᶼŮרõľƣֻҶһǰչе˿ûʱ׼ȵĿϲҾƣûȹȻӡ
ҶԴ±ׯ￴һ˿ζ
æڲ裬ǹζѹȥ
ɲƬ̣һֱֱĴͷ
ʱ±ׯơ
ǰЩӶеҵ´ָ㡣
ûе˶֪Է˵ʲô
ֽ±ׯԹң±ׯ͵ɷʴףѾЩȲץס±ׯİѱ
֮ǰıҲڵ֪ºѱ±ׯãԼϷˣһŤһɲܻͷļޡ
䳼ල͢٣żϾʱҲῴλʲôصĵط
±ׯЦŽƱδȣǵˡ
´˺ǡ
һ˿Цľһ
ʱ±ׯͻȻһ˫ʵצԼĴȡ
±ׯæְסӦŲ֪ͻȻʲô
Ҳδ뵽´˻ᶯģϣʱʱȥһϲƣֻҶҹ￴С´˿Ҫˡ
⻰˵Щвζ
±ׯɫһ̧ۿ
ζġ
ﹴһЦپת뿪
±ׯôһиĹ˫ʵѾŵĿ
Ҷҡ
ǳסҶҵĶֻǴʱҶɫ죬ϺٺٵĲЦš
ץסһ˫ֿɻʵꡣ
ֻסܶһºίͰ͵ı˵ȣܡ
±ׯҶҵĶͷ̵̾һ
ڻؼңţ
šؼҡ
Ҷĵͷһ˫ȴִŵķҪ±ׯƤ⡣
±ׯûа취ǡôʱҵĿ⿴˹ҵͷʾ⣬ҵЦĵͷʾ±ׯԱ㣬⽻
ˣ±ׯ㽫ҶҺᱧ𣬴ȥ
ۼ˿ʼͷӶ̸۴£ҵƱվ˴롣
´ѰˣӦҪΪףǣˣպ´ڹ϶Ҫֲˡ
ҵһ仰ĵЦҲǵЩˡ
ǰڵ±ׯǰһˣ˵ֺŶԷ±ׯϲͷͲݵ֡
ôôλ±ׯĻǺһ׮ˡ
˶Դ˼˼ȥǾҵ˵ĶԣպˣﻹһͷڹϣôһҲɲ١
ţЩ˽ĹԱǷ׷׸Ŵҵ˵Ųôеף
ǲЩˡ
ڽ俴űӵŵҵһŲ뼵ޡ

±ׯһ߷ҶҵԼ·꣬һ߻ҪŶӡ
ɼҶʵִ̫ţҲˣҶҽԼĻϡ
Ҷ̾һ±ׯĻԼŶӣͣĺߺߡ
òһ·˸Уֳһͷ۵¡
±ׯǧҶϴҶһ˫ıǲ·ֻš˺üƤ⡣
۵Ǻۣܾùĺܡ
ô˺ϲ˲š
ˣ㿴⡭
ǧҲΣܾﲻ̫ʺϡ
ȥɣҰ
±ׯεķʱҶϴŵľ޷ζһͬ˯
ҶֲԸſֻҶҲһ
ǧ±ׯˮë˿ˡ
±ׯֿʼӵҶңޱͷۡ

 31 

±ׯҶҽ⿪ϵҪҶҵʱҶʶĶһ£ſʵļʱ򣬱ϵڲ
˳ЩЦá
šëϵˮҶҲֱ벱ϸ壬ҶվѾǸˡ
ڵҶѾǸŮ毺õݺлɬ塣
±ׯ΢ñӽҶҸǺˡ
תëŽˮһͷͼҶҲ֪ʲôʱѾ˹ڴϣЩɵĿ
±ׯ
ζҶſҪӵ
±ׯЦһ˼ס
˭֪Ҷҵļһ㣬ֻҶҺٺЦ±ׯͱ
˯
ҶִֵҪ±ׯϣ΢е۾˯ѣҲ֪ʲô
ۼҶҵĶԽĹ֣Ѿƣ±ׯֵҶҵ˯ѨҶڴϰֵģһ
ֻһѾҶҳң¶˴Ƭ
仹ҶҲ᲻ص˼ࡣ
һЦһ
ô졣

֮һҶ˯ĺܳʱķ±ׯϰʰ̬
ƺּܻԵʧҲ⣬ʱ±ׯӣ͵Ц˹ȥ
һ±ׯͷĶҶҲͿ±ׯĺۼ
˲Ҷһ㡣
±ׯʲôѵʲô޲£
Ҷұŵסӣ±ׯﰵЦ
Ժɲˡ
±ׯôһ仰ͿʼҶҵ洩£ʱܶ࿴һ۾Ͷռһֵıˡ
Ժȴʼ±ׯ࣬ʲôһ䶼ûС
±ׯǲܶʲôģôֻ±ׯľܾʲô
߰뷨ҶЩץ㶵ڴϣ±ׯѾˡ
ˣЩϴ
±ׯĺЦȴ˵ʲô
ûҶҵ壬ֻԵĲһôһҹ±ׯʼվǹɾζıǼ⣬Ըвʡ
ֱ±ׯ˳ȥҶҵӻһŽһ
ʲô
㶵Ļͷǧ졣
ǧЦְԡͰˮ¡
§Ŵ˵ôҲԸ֣û취ֻô㣬Ϊ²ϴ
Ҷ۾һſԡͰЦ
ԺǿԶȵġ

ҲôƽдЩȤĹȥˣҶҲʱǰûгһˡ
俴ҲͬҪСЩ˭Ҳٰһӿ
С½ҲҪѹҶһͷƵģڵ꣬Ӵܵĸ졣
ÿС½˫ָֻӵĿ⿴ҶҶĺ޲óȥҧһڡ
ƫƫҶЩӳԵöˣûϵǰûٳ
İٰǳ£±ׯС½Щǿķӡ
֮ǰúõģС࿴˳ۣﰵϲ
֮˴۵СۣĲͣĴ
Ϊҡ
̫ˡ
㻹˼˵ңҸͲˤӡ
Լ̲Ȼҡ
Ĵ
⡣
㡣
㡣
࣬±ׯյıŲ߿顣
ǧСæ˵˲ȥ𡣡
Сְˣͦõġ
±ׯ۶û̧һ¡
εĺӱҪиеӡ
˾ǧѾʼ֡
ҶﲻߣС½ƨ쯾һţС½ʲôʱôֽҶƷˡ
ЩҶҲǰģôļҲ֪ЩС½Ȼ湦ԸҶҡ
˾һȭһȭһһŵĴ
²żȻ·СͨӣֺǺǵվڳϹۿ
Ҳ͵͵Цš
ӭ±ׯĸۡҲůʢ˴⡣
ع±ׯص˳ϡ
տҪܿĹԱ֪ΪʲôͰ͵ǰգͣ˵Ÿֺû
ԭ±ׯЩףڿҵ󣬱֪Ӧֱʡ
ֻһϾһ𾪳Ұʥּ
ҵº񰮣ϻ۹ʽΪ̫ӡ
ԭЩվڶҵĹԱʼ˼
ҵΪʵǰ޾ѾĴ㣬ʱδᣬʥּµ̫죬˵ơ
ʹڣҲжԸ¡
±ׯ鷿̸
±ׯδĻλ֮ѡʵֻҵ
кüӣ඼иո¶ͷǵĶȴǸ˼ֵġ
Ψҵ֪ʲôбâ
ҲҲգ⽭ɽͷҪЩǣҲֻܴѡһʺλõˡ
̾һϴЩȻЦ⡣
ҵǸúӣһ
仰Ƕ±ׯ˵ģ±ׯüһͷлϡ
վ޺㡭
±ׯû˵ʲôҲʼ䵭Ȼ
һߵصкʹ
ֱѷڵһأǿҲû취ɢȥ
Ҳ飬±ׯ˭鵽Ĺ鵽ŵǸ˭
ŭҪ˵û±ׯֱʣǲŵġ
ʼ֪Լͷѹһ±ׯǸ˼꣬õ˻еأʱ˶˵±ׯǻϵӡ
һܻϵĽ̵һŹ߸ϵķ̣һֱ±ׯʮ֪꣬ʱʲôԼҹκ˼棬Ҳϳֻ±ׯߡ
ֱ±ׯڣطΪһƷ٣鳯͢ӵȨǸʱʮ¶ǰ
ǲ֪˫۾ڶǣ˫۾ִ߾±ׯ
ôģһˣʲôû࿴
ûЩĵԡ
УΪ֪ʺ֮ôӵλãΪ±ׯڳǰʺ˽㺣ʱĻʺ󲻹ǸŮ
֪Ϊ±ׯ룬˻ʺ󣬻Լɵʺ¡
Ϊľϣ±ׯϸõˣΪʱĻʺ󲻹ǻҰڽӽ±ׯ
ǸѾɳΪģ϶İƫûм١
룬±ׯȱݣп̫ӵλöҪá
۾죬һƴϣʵľķѡ
ŤļԹ޴ʱѾɱģҪ±ׯĹԼҪԽ±ׯڽ¡
Ϊ£ﲻ˱¶ԼΣգԼе
ԼҲȥһˡ

 32 

㵹ˡ
乬˲ٵӣʺȥ˲ٵķâҲ嵭ˮ
Ҳ㺮ʲôǱ˴֮ǵ£Ҳõ̫͸
ڻʺµʱѾǸʮ꣬ĸţǰһֱｫ
ʱĻʺҲֻ˼ѡ
ʺǸҰĵŮˣΪЩѶϣ㽫ﰵﴦˣͼˣҪΪֵµĿܡ
ҲǸ֪µˣҲıԼ
˵ĲıҲꡣ
ҲǣҲǸԸԿģұȻлҪ˵
ʺЦŸ˸޽ǣȻ֮ǰ̸ֹû¡
֪±ׯʱû˵ʲô
ʺһ٣΢ıߡ
ʱ´٣Է֪Ҳǽ˵벻˵ֻ֪Щʲô
ɿʺӣ֪Щʲô֪Ļ١
΢У԰ʺ˱衣
ɲҪΪʲôҲ˵ǰ꣬³ѵͲΪ𡣡
ΪĻʺĲ豭
˶̰ģȨ֮ڵĻʺ𣬵ȻģҲף±ׯԭ
ǸӺ󹬵ŮˣϳҲɲ̫ߡ
ڵľأҲûôҲϵָɽ
ҿ԰㣬ڵ±ׯɲΪǸˣλȨأĻɣĻأΣյһˣֻҪָܶԸǡ
żջɻʺҲںŮˣô׾Ļ
Ϊ֪͸¶±ׯȻֵĳԸˡ
±ׯȥǶ֮ǰȥ±ׯΪı¡
ʺֵµҲ٣Ȼʲô֪
ҲʲôϵĲ豭䵭Σ±ׯҪǣ׻˵˵ĵ˱ѣѵҪֶԸһ𡣡
û˵±ׯǱĵˣôǰֻҪ֣ȻΪĶӣЩҲǲ˵
ʺ˵̧һۡ
ǿѹᷳЦĸԡ
ʺ۽˹Ħָס
±ׯʮ֮ǰû˸ʱлǸ緢꣬Ҳͬһ꣬󹬣±ׯԹˣϱҲҹĲ֪±ׯݾûô򵥡
ʺ˵Щ⣬±ׯԹһΪ
֪±ׯӣΪһŮ޴֮¡
ֻǵʱʲô±ׯԸһ˵ϡ
ż¶ΣӦҲֹ±ׯԹһ¡
ô±ׯʮ꣬ʲôء
ӻʹлصۡ鷿ⲽ
ʱʮ꣬ʱûױӻڹѵʱ
ǵãʱвٵĳд󳼶նڼĶȻǸ»һ
ӣְ´ÿ궼ȥһ˽⡣
⣿ʲôֵ±ׯÿ궼ȥ
ҹҹϹȥǼˣһȫץ
ǡ
ͼֵͬʱ±ׯҲܵϢ
ʮı¿ɱЩ˴Ķࡣ
ȥ֪ͨǣǸϽ뿪Ҫͣ
ǡ
±ׯ߳鷿żӰľ֮ϣƬ̾Ѿʧ
ü򰵳죬֪ȥ
Ȼô꣬Ҳһˡ
²˭
±ׯһû̾ȥ۾ͱסˡ
ǿҵ߲˼ʹҲЩ±ׯòͷ
һ̣㽫ӵ˱ǰ档
ҶĽȲ±ׯϣһ˫§Ĳӡ
ˣԷˡ
ҶҸ˵ֿЦһ˫յȵ
±ׯҶЦĵӣٶҲɢ
߰ɡ
ҶҴ뿪߾ҶõЦ

û뵽ôĴﻹôŮӡ
ϣűץ
˹ȥʱһӶѾգǱѾ뿪ˣɱŽ·ٻȥʱƼ͵ŻŮӣŽ鱦᲻ЩŲΣյĻ
˭ץʲô
˿ķǺԷ
΢ȣô˲ʶ
㣬˭
һ°ͣ˦һ˵ҿǡ
˵һ٣ʵҧ´ٿڡ
΢漴ӯЦ⡣
ң˭˵ͲسЩͷ
ͷЩ̾ߣ̲ס˸Ҳ֪Щ˵˵ˣĽȫˣ±ׯ
ͷ˫ľ°ڣǲԸⷢһ
ߣøӲѾͷҶ֣Ը˵Ϊֹ
һʶܣɺܿͱ˻ȥ
Ƭ̷̣ڱĽ
̲ס¶һ˿Ц⡣
漴뵽ʲô˵һָ͵´˵ĸۡ

õЦһῡεŰɫϢ

±ׯϢһƽӻ顣
ôĵӣĸҶԴ֡
ȥûаȫ룬ǲҪ֡
ǡ
ôֱ춼ΪʲôﾹҰѶͷϡ
һ
һǣһܲϢ˳֣ںɫҹһҲסֻ¶˫ƽûκɫ˫
Ұµ˽ɾһ
ҪΪ֪˽ˣûе£Ҳκϵֻֻ֮۱ֻۡ
ŭǾͱնˡ
ͬʱڵֵס˵һ𾪵¡
д˸Ųĵ⡣
һͲ±ׯ
ڼȵڱصУǿԵԼ侲
ôԼģͣ˸
Ů˶´˵ĸۡ
ϣƤûһõͱſڡ
ǳ²ʱżġ
æ̧˽ȥ˴
ҶҿһϢҲһ꣬ϴμʱ⣬ټȴ
ڲѹۿ±ׯǧ켸˾վĴߣæֻŵĿ޺
Բ𣬶ԲҲ˵ģǴңңʵڿסˣǡû͸¶˵٣ֻǡֻǡ
˵ž͵ͷЩݡ
˵ʲô
±ׯƽûκε
˵ݣ˵㸮ŵ˭˵ˡ
ԭֻ°ˡ

 33 

±ׯʲôû˵ֻʮͻص
Ҳû£ô֣ܵǾͲܵˡ
ڽ֮±ׯȥ硣
ǸŻɫ۵ˣͤʯϡ
ʮϲһУɵʱҲһһ
סˡ
±ׯվƽ޲
ߴӰת¶һž޵˺һ͵
ǰĺѾ˸ɾ԰׵ԵñĴԽӵ죬ͦıƽŵ˫ϵÿһƶɶ칤Ľ˵̳һ㣬òˡ
±ׯûһ˿ĲüۼֻԼʶƿĿ⣬ŲԶ֡
ΪʲôûиңԹ¡
ܳٻȴһһٵĺ
Ҳܸıʲô
±ׯ
֪ô֪µģ֪סˡ
巢֮ĸҵ˿Դƶ˵࣬һˡ
绰˵棬һͽԶִ졣
¡
±ׯ̾һһûƽԵõĺ¡
û˵ʲôֻǻһ޵Ц⡣
±ׯһæ˵㲻ٶ֣̩񰲣˳һûʵۡ
绺תͷ±ׯ漴ֱһûκϢ
㲻ܻһУס
±ׯ̾һеһδ

ҶҷԴ֮±ׯ;øӵĳĬʱԼһվԺĿƳĿԶϷ·𱻹¼ŰΧκҲ޷
֮ǰкܳһӶҲ˺ſ΢˵Щ˶ܹܣҲùܣǴӴ˳һֱ꣬俴ǲýӽԼ˶Ǽõġ
ǧվҶҵߣ̾Ϣ
±ׯӲ˽ãڳйԱ̽ʱв٣Щ֪Ĳ࣬Ҳ±ׯݵѹ˶صĵӡ
ҶͻȻ;Ǹ
һֱֻ±ׯĺӣȴˣ˵ѹֳĬ

ºܿͱ֪϶ΪҲŭɶȴܹΪһ±ׯеܶᱻҴôЩΪ±ׯȫû塣
ֻչӣôҲû취˽½
ڻĵ޷ߵʱһϢӰɭϵĻʹ
㣡
𾪵ĿȥѾʮ꣬Էòûκα仯
ûĻԷӦѾ˻ס
Ӧף˭Ҳû취סҡ
λһߵƻȻɣľĶǵһ
Ȼ֪
ϿЦһ
±ׯһˣΪʲôûпס
ʣϳĬ
ȷʵһݹֻǵʱʱѾˡ
ǡ
Цһһ죬ϱ㲻ܿƵ˹ȥҲ
ϿнѪĲбǰѪɺӵһĻԺ
ɱң½ҡ
ţЩǻʵһڣλһ»ʹ͢ռҲᶯҡɥʧٵġ
ʲôϵ
ĴһĨЦ⣬žɽľִа
ϵѾսڿն𼸺
ɾڻϵɺϣҪʧȥʱ֡
ȻҶ˵ǸûʵۣɣҲδҿôá
ɳƵ£ֻǰߴӰգۼѾʧ
ϿԼϵ໹ָۣ̾˿
ֻϣԷıˣҪȻĻҡ
һΪԼѾ±ׯѱҲõ˸ŭյϢ
˾ô±ׯˡ
ŭͬʱﻹеһ˿⣬Ҳͱ±ׯĻҪѶԸ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱԼһһ˶Է
ʮӰȥ٣ֻ±ׯĺ޴֡
￪ʼԼЩçײ±ׯǸˣ˴ı
ôԷ᲻ᷴ˵Ļء
ţЩɶƵ˷ǶԷֽ˻ϣôͲᵣ߱ͷ
ʱЩݰսЩҵ΢Щǣ˲Ƕָܽ
ѾڼҰ޷԰Σֻ͹±ׯҲ֪Ǹˡ
һжڱ¶᧿ΣС
ｫ±ׯͱȥôöңҲȻ󲨡
õ±ׯи뷨ðͷžһӿʼɲ
ɱԼʽԶҲû취ڡ
ڵ±ׯʮʱվǲһˣΪ˵ѶϣԳ嶯Ŀе¡
ڵȨƣֻҪ룬û˻Ķ֡
Щ뷨һðͷͻȲȥִС
±ׯ뷨ڻصڵʱɴûɢȥĺ
ȴڼɵҶҺЩ˲ɢȥ
ҶҼ±ׯܿģӴ±ׯϣİ֡
ôôġ
±ׯһסҶҷֹȥһָֻԼ˱衣
ǧȥˡ
Ŷ
ڲҶӦǶκﶼȤʱ⵹ˡ
ϲʲô𡣡
˵Ҷң˲١
ˡ
ҶҵƤգգۣ±ׯ
ֻĴӴϳ˸ʲô
±ׯʧЦת
ôһĹһЩĶϡ
±ׯͳСɱôһĹҲ˻С
űԼһһģ˶Сƨһβ˦˦ȥС֫Լϵš
±ׯ˲ͽӲˣôҲû뵽ҶҲϲʰ쵵ϲ߹ŵĲ˹èϲôһֻŻߵ
ҶֵĹЦ±ׯɫ֮ǰæСԼĻ
ֻƴССҶɰĲˡ
СƤСȾͻ᲻ܿƵĵȥ۾ҲֻˮĿ㡣
±ׯȫ޷ҶΪʲôϲСǰʱסһũҵȦٶڳԶʱᷢ
ʹǰСһֻ־ͿԺǸٶʵģ±ׯԽɫԽѿһԵķ˳ȥ
ȥʲô
ԡ
컹䡣
±ׯûлӦٿѾˡ
٣㱾»ͦġ
ҶЦǷĶƤǲͣڵСȣֵЦ

 34 

СҶҼ±ׯʵĶһֻ˳ȥ
ʵҲ֪СڿСʵҲмֿµġ
ҶҼǸֵ󣬱ýСͳȥǸǵѡ
ΪԷӣоһڽСˡ
ȥˣȻ˻Ͼǲһ
һڲˮĴŸˮ
ҶҽĶŶԷôҲû취Ũһ˵֮ǰǸӡ
ҶҵߣƽŵĿɨ
ҶһæĿ⡣

̧ͷ±ׯҡҡͷ
±ׯһͷȥ
ϴİָɻڡ
ҶΪԷҪæŵİָԷ
ֻûнӣָֽ
ŵɡ
±ׯǸָߡ
ҶЩԣǹɵĽӹص±ׯߡ
ѾͲصǸԺģҲʲôֻǻʱڸаˡ
쳣ߴչȻһɰ
ѾֵزٹѾû壬ʵǽԼԸⲻ߳Ǹ
˰㰲һͷס
ס
Ҷһɣİָ䣬±ׯۼֿĽסˣǣ˳ȥ
̲סͷŻͷʱԷŲǶʮͷɣɶԷȻ±ׯĸס
Ѿʮˡ
Ҷһ㣬Էǰ۵ϸļ˵պҲŰ
书ġ
ʲô书Ȼഺפü
±ׯͷҶҴ㶵Сģ̲סЦ
ҶҽӲ̧ͷֳĬıߣ̫аˣ͸һ
ԣ±ׯҲռڵ꣬ļҲϸˣѵ
ţĿɨ±ׯһͷ˿ûзŹ
аá
Ѿܾˡ
Ҷû˵ʲôѡԼ𾪡
ˣá
±ׯĿһﵨӵǴ󣬾Ͳ֮ͳȥ

ǡ
Ҷҹ˳Ҫ뿪̽±ׯ£ֻ±ׯȴ
￴ű֮ǰӵҲ٣ҲԽĿ̱
´˺þòٷ硣
ȷʵ±ׯ࣬˿
ˡ
±ׯǴ޵Ц⣬ĴѾؽķΧ͸һ˿졣
ֻﵥǹƥ˿壬Ҳֺ¶
´˾Ͳʲô𡣡
￴ʮаա
±ׯ̧ۿԷ
Ͳͳȥ𡣡
ͻȻЦ˿Щ
ҳȥôȻ˽ҿ´˵ݣʱĲȣöһе׽´ˡ
ҶüĽ壬ԽԽ׶Է˵ʲô
ȻҶҹҲһΡ
аЦҪſʱͻȻͷԼ޷±ׯĿ
ҵ£ݲ졣
һĨʲôаȻ޷˶ѹסˡ
ѹ귢˾׵ɱ¼±ׯı£ǸӵĿɲ
ͻȻ;ã֪鲢࣬ҵǹƥĹҲдˡ
Ҳ㣬ڻʮ֮ٸҷҵͷϣҲ͵˾ͷ
±ׯһ̧֣˱һɳȥ
Ŷ˶ֽţѾûǹ󣬱ˡ
ҶҿľЩ˵ңɼģû뵽ĻôаŵĹڡ
֪ʲôҶ㡣
±ׯͷԼϡ
֪˭
±ׯĻľࡣ
ǰ˭ֻ±ׯѡ
ԭҹ
§ס±ׯĲ
ʵ֪һЩֻǲ֪ϸ¼ʷĹ±ׯ¡
ļأʱµֻһӵϵȨ󣬱׷ĶŮˣǮ
Щ粻Ѵ֮͵õˡ
ڷĹżʱ֪аഺפϲ
Ƕκ˵޷ܵջ仹һȨʲôӵе˵
ʱѾʮ˻ӣ˵콵𣬿ɵʱѾаͲԼһӡ
ʱҲѾʮ꣬ĳԣ˳ɾ͡
ں󹬵Ůս˥ʱʼطഺ
֮粻йԱɣȴ͵ֱӽ˴ն
ΪıУòȣЩ˵ĻҲʼĻλ
һ𾪳Ұ¡
ǾɱԼʮӡ
Щᵽ˲ŰĿУһж
ҲΪʱ󽫾֮Яı
߻ħһͷ˿Ƭ̼Ϊ֮ǰʧģԻʹܿͱΧ
羹նɱԼˣ˵İʮ֮ⶼߵϼҲӳѪɫǧ˵ѪȾ˰ʯ壬˹⡣
ϵʱѪֻʣʮ˻ҹ
û֪췢ʲôһҹ֮䣬ҹʧˣȡ֮ľ嵱»ʡ
󽫾һӾְأ֮ˣԼĶȴı֮ͽ
󣬳вٵĴ󳼶ɽֻ֣һЩԸȨƵˡ
еѾնɱµЩҲʧﶼ˵»ʽ˽ˡ
µĳ٣»ʿ£ҲʼҵǼ±㱻ѹȥ
µһЩʷǣҲǵʱ֪µļ¼
ڿҲֻʣ±ׯղصһˡ
ʱҶзʱ򣬿ľɺ֪Ĵڣ֪±ׯĸףеһб㶼
±ׯǵʮ˻ӣĻϾıĴ󽫾֮塣
ò˵ΪһҲһʢ
ǵʱû룬Ǻֱ롣
㻹һ²֪
±ׯҶ§Լٿڣ㿴Լŵ˫
ʲô
ʮԹһжԸġ
Ҷһһ
֪Щʷµʱй뷨
ΪǻϾ±ׯȴվɵ᲻һ磬˽˸
վǻ˵ʱһ²֪ĺӣԻ϶±ׯкöǳΡ
±ׯô˵֪һжǳ±ׯԸġ
ǷʲôһʮԼϡ

 35 

ΪҪ̫ƽҪȥ
±ׯֻ˵ôһ仰Ͳٶԡ
ʵʱԶ±ׯô赭дĸҪ۵Ķࡣ
ǰӱϸݣԴ
Ѿ±ׯ꣬ʦุӣ±ׯǰʮ˻ӵ²֪ôĻ˳ȥ
ʱǰµЩ󳼣ʼץλвǲ±ׯô½ٴ±ׯҲΪһ硣
ʱվ̫ˣĻ壬¿Ȩջ½˶ҡ
ϲЩµϳȥ
ôĴ빬еҲա
±ׯ֪ϿʼҪɱԼģԼһ
ԹΪһˣԶҲвλãЩ뿪Ҳܹƽӡ
˾һʱ統ͷһǸʮĺϵױʲôԼһġ
ڶգͺɵĽЩϳȫնɱеһЩҲѪվ»ʵĵһαбѹ¡
ֻǽȻ޷ģԺ˶֪ޱȿһС̫࣬ʱߡ
С̫೤ڣΪһ꣬ϲٰڹУɡ
ֻǵΪԼ谮ܵ˵ıһ֮֮ϵȨеΣʮլӸ
࣬±ׯ޷Ҷҵʱ̬Ľ븴ӣҲ޷ʱԼлĻľԥѡ
ڣΪҪõʲôͱҪӦķ
֪Ǹûʵۣһжµ
ΪĶӣΪΨһǸ˿ʼЩ͵ϡ
Ҷ۵ı±ׯû취ȫĸͬȥ±ׯһУĿʱ±ׯһС
Ҵˡ
ţ
ԺҲ취ĿˣҲ͵ϴˡ
ҶƵ±ׯЩЦá
Ϊ¶ĳصɢˡ
ʵϣҶʲôֻҪԶͺá

ԴڸסºҶʱ
ϲڸй䣬ϲһطţĿնһá
ǰҶһЩ£ұаȣɿ˺ȻЩ
ǰʲôҪҲһһĵõˣڲҪˣȴҲˡ
֪绹ããȻûôҲͳһֱ˰ɡ
㲻ˡ
Ȼת۾˫ŵ˫ЩĲ
Ҷͷһ𣬸ո˲ȥ
ֺò򵥡
ǵģҲزȥˡ
ҶСĵĿŶԷֻܿͱߣĿԶ೤֪
Ǿɡ
վߴסҶǰĹߡ
һ̧ۣͲˡ
ҶҵĸоʼңԶأ֪Щºܴ˫пѪɺӵɱ
ʱߣΪǻͨ䡣
Ҷٹ̵ӣһȴ㾪°͡
ΪĻﾹֻ
Ҷæܿȥǧ졣
֪⻨±ׯһ͸ġ
Ҷһһֵĸ
ΪҶһʱŻ᲻¸ʱͿʬǣȴŻӲżŻСβͣޱĿյȵӡ
ӹõҲƽ١
ձ±ׯвҲʵ٣նԭҲƲʲôˡ
ҵǿʼ±ׯԽԽ
±ׯ䵭ϲ˽ãҵΪ˺ƣҲ±ׯżĲӦֻǡľӽ±ׯһﵹĳһ㡣
ֻڼ䣬±ׯյһϢ
ˡ
ҶһôᣬʱߵʱѾ˴롣
ǡ
Ҷҿ±ׯ䵭ûκβ˫ĻͻȻʲڡ
վǱǡ
ǧ˵һȥϲɡ
Ҷ˲ͱռݡ
ǰ¾͵±ׯ׵ˡ
á
˵Цûκε
ǧ쿴ҶҲǶипǸܲһǿ˵Ҫ޸´˵С˶ҲˣҲҪˡ
ҪΪҶϲȻõġ
ǧҶҵߣȥõӡ
ԭҶһЩʵУڲ÷ΪԼʱ򣬳Ӳӯͷ
̫Щǧѡӡ
ҶţҲá
ʱпֵӿ߹һϤӰ
Էһָ
ѾΪʲô
Ҷͷǧ죬ȴѾŵ̹ȥڼòϡ
ĲʹҶҸ˹ȥ
ֻȥӦòµġ
뷨վӿڣĽֵǻ谵ЩԥҪҪȥȴվһ
Ҷ￩һʶΪթ±ׯ
Ҳû̧˽ȥֻǸһӰͳҶҵ
˲䣬ҶҺëֱһɭȻıĺ󱳡
ͷһɴ̱ǵζסԼĿڱǡ
ڰǰһ룬Ť

أ
±ׯһƽӻɣǧ޽ǣɪĹڵϣ̧ͷ±ׯ
úõôˡ
ѾµĻ̱˺һҲ
ǧ췢ݵĽ߬Լģʹ侲ĺԾĴ
ȥ·˾Ͳˣ˽ֱߵС֪ȥһǽȥʱûмˡ
±ׯ˶Щꡣ
ԭҶҷ񣬲ѹעϣΪЩӾʹﶯˡ
û뵽˳ȥˣȴزˡ
Ϊʲô
̬Ҷҵֻ
ɵǧϢʱҶһͬĻҲûϢ
ʮԶܱѣҲçײĲϢ͸˹ȥֻһܣǾˡ
ֻʮѵİɱ֣ûܶʮ֡
ū澵Ĵ
ǧӿʼ±ׯͷҪеĴԼϡ
Ҷҳʲô£ʮҲ⡣
¾ûô򵥡
պҪʱҶұ°ˣߵҲûϢͬʱҲʧ
һвܸպôɡ
Դ󣬶˶֪Ҷˣ˵Ӵ󵽸ҵڶҶҳ֡
ֻֻͱô¡

 36 

ҶͷԼһݻլԽԽľ
Ϊ±ׯҪլӡ
֪±ׯܲ뵽
լӺܴ󣬾ԽԵտյûκˣҲδסܶ
߹ȣ߹Ժ߹෿СţͤиŵıӰ
񡣡
ûǾ˵Ѿ˵
岻ܻƭ±ׯô񾿾Ϊʲôţ
Ҷҡ
Էعͷ֮ǰ޶ˣЩ
㲻𡣡
ֻһЦֱ˱ķ
ˣԹ˽ˣúĵʱκεԥΪ꣬ȴΪҹ±ׯǾҪֻѣйʲôԣ㿴ڹòǺܺ𡣡
ϴЦֻѾ߲˻ͷ·ˡ
뻢ıƤʲôͲ±ׯҹŹġ
±ׯҲˣҪ˵ҲãҼȻܳȻܽ°ߣѵûʲô𡣡
ĻҶһ˼˵
˭ϻǧ죬ֻǳ²С½
˶Ժﻷƣÿ˵ĺЦﶼ˳ص
еһ±ׯֻܷ֣ܲ᲻ʲôΣա
ҶԽԽú£Ϊ˵ĻпصǸ±ׯûлɹ
Ҷ˲԰ȡõĹЦݡ
±ׯʲô£ӦҪԼΪ±ׯ̫Ҫţʧ˾衣
Ļһ̽Ҷҵģ˶޴
ΪڵʲôҲˣֻ±ׯ鷳

±ׯ鷿ƣŶǣϴҶʧѾһΡ
뵽Ҷȴˣּóɵ㣬ͬʱƣ
ˣЩɡ
ǧĵǵĽõļŵ±ׯϡ
üĻнĳѪۣһ˫ͨͨ۾һ֪͵͵Ŀ޹ˡ
ˣԲūûпҶңûʱߣ㷣ū澰ɣū澴ūҲԸ⡣
ǧ˵µĹ
еκ˶ҡ˵±ׯߵʱѾ̣еȻͬ
ǧ죬жˡ
±ׯ䵭̧ۿڵϵǧ죬ָסüۿʲô
ˣǵմ˳Դｫūһµġ
ǧֲ۽ǣſǻͻµĸп
±ׯǰСѣŨζڵİƮɢ鷿
Ӧ֪ϲ鷿κεĳʳ
±ׯƽǧһŵĽԼȹڡ
ǡūˣֻǴѾһδκεĶū澵ĻδҵҶҴ˵𡣡
ǧУƽŵڵǧЩŨҵ
ǧ죬յĻЩࡣ
±ׯӽŨļζռӡ
һȫū澵Ĵūֻϣܾ콫ҶһҪϣκεĹū澶Ըһе
ģۣ̌лʵдż뼸ҪԼû
±ׯû˵ʲôǧĸԼʢһ
Ҫڵʱǧ졣
л㣬ҽδ÷
ǧһ㶣ϥϵֲԾ
±ׯһһڣСļȾ
һֳ򢣬Ŀ⿴ҡڵ
ȥɡ
ǧ쿴ӳڻ谵ĵƹԽɵֻ΢һʧ񣬱Ĭ뿪ˡ
ֻߵʱ򣬻ûǽʣļʰá
ǧոսźϵǿ̣ҵĻζУ±ׯ¼ŵӰӺһߴӰ
ЩҹܲˣֻܿԼ
վ±ׯ΢΢ͷһͷ˳±ׯͷϡ
˻꣬ѾˣԸںԺǶʮѾ£ֱԼҲκӰ죬һµıǨ
ȻڿŲǸڵľ꣬ѹ˻ף֪Щ£ȥ֡
֪㲻ܹܣҲùܡ
ӦǸڹȥˣڹ˵ļʷǵ־ʺϳڵ˵
ЩҲӦ֡
±ׯʧٵ鰸ϵһ̣һָֻԼգᣬȴһ±ׯ˱ĸо
ҵĺˣҶᱣǡ

ʲô֪Ҷլܽ뾡κηӶû취ܳȥ
סĸڣΪľܿס
ֵǣ˽һһҹҲûм
ԽԽ±ׯ
ҹҶҲû˯ţڷȥһ˵ľºͿֻûܸǹ±ׯ˼뵣ǡ
±ׯΪʲô£
Ϊ־ҶҵĽЩĴʯͷȴѹ˴
ӵУоһȵҺԼϡ
ĽŲסϤѪζҵ
㡭˭
ӦòߵˣҪȻΪѪ֡
䣬һĶ
Ȼ˽ĿԼϢΪصԵʣҶһھ׵ĺҹ˶Էȵĺ
תһȫɫҹ°ˣֻǿɲǶԷ۲ˣֻʪճѪҺ

Էеʹص£ԷΨһ¶Ҳƽ޲
Ҷ֪±ׯкʮֻû뵽Է˵̶ֳȡ
ʵ֪һƬɱжҵ
ǡܻȥ±ׯҵ˺û£ˡ
ߵԷǰŬƽһһİ˼
΢ɲĵ˵ͷתʹӴ˳ȥ
ҶҿصѪ԰òˮԼһһĲɾˡ
飡
ͻȻҵҶһæڷſڡ
Ҷҡ
ʲôҪ˯ˣҲҲ𣬾ǽ˹Ҳøɡ
Ŵţȴ汻ˡ
ʵһ㲻Ҫʲô˼±ׯˣڵظˡ
ĻҶżĻع
Ƕʲôôûģ
ģֻš
ڵͲ֪±ׯ˶űЩɳˣƽ͵
ΪССĳͲʲôΪ˵ĮǶĲпᡣ
弰˶ףһҪµ˾±ׯıѣûеڽɱǸĿݡ

 37 

±ׯĿ⵭ȻĿϤһУ鷿ֻǰ
ŵȻտյԼʹ
ﱾڴſ±ׯţȴƽģﲻɶƵһŭ
±ׯӣʲôģʲô˳
ߣ±ׯϵн죬û㣬ʮҲѾҵĿ֮£Ѿûκεˡ
˵ţЩ飬ΪûзǸˡ
Ҹء
С½ᣬȴһˣ书·Բ͡
֪ҿһۡ
˵һƣС½²˱廨˽
С½ӦҲҩɫܲ԰ףڼ˶ûˡ
ɨһȦûзǸӰ
ôۡҵĿ֮ڣΪµҾû취𣬿ɱ˻ʺɻûնɱɾ
ʺӺ󹬶꣬סԺı¿ûбϿô򵥣ֵµ˿ɲֹһĽ
±ׯĵ⣬˵ԻһֳֻڶǴ˸Ƿ
Ҫ⸮ۡҸǣյҩԻڣҽջЩƣ˵ˣͳȥɣǵðҴš
ô˵ţ±ׯİƤĿʼǳߡ
С½ûסЦĻһžͽС½˳ȥҩС½̱ôһĽţС½ǾѪ˿
С½
²źۡ
±ׯĽëû˵ʲô
ãõĺܣɱˣҶһҵҿӲʲôʱ򡣡
±ׯһֻֿʼֻֻ֪ڷɵԽߵʱˤԽʹڵﻹҰҶôԼš
С½˱˲±ׯ鷿ڡ
֪ҩ˶ļ֮ȫɢ
ˣЩɡ
ǧŷ˽ʼյͷ̧ͷ
֪𡣡
ʲô֪һġ
̧ۣǧűʧȡ֮һɱ
书
ǡ
ǧ첻书±С½Ҫǿ
±ׯһ˻ˡ
ǧ뿪ʱŲһ٣ûסȰ˵˻ʶʱЩڶӽ£Ҷ
±ׯʲôҲû˵ͷҲء
ȵŹϵʱתЩƽûʲôķˣмҶԵģΪ˳ҶҵĿζԼҲĸԡ
ֻЩӦҲҩˣԶҲ޷ָԣͻڲԲкľԼе
Цһϳһ飬̬ϾĿ

Ҷڷڽĵţֻܾ콫Ϣ±ׯߵˡ
һ춼ûϢ㽹ڷⲽ񶼿ʼȻסһҲ̤š
Էˡ
ΪˣҲûֱӹؽš

ֻҪ뵽α±ׯе¶
ֻҶƢһŷ뿪ˡ
ܳŵʲôʱ򡣡
ĽҶҵȵҹ
һĶҶϲĴ
ȻһҹµϢĳͷȥǸӣֵĶϱѾˡ
Ļϣʵô
ѾƣʮҲʧȥϵ
Ҷɫһף˼
ţƽ޲ֿʼ
һˡ
䣬뿪Ĵھһ˫֣һţ
ֻ֫ʵ̫ֻһͱŲܶˡ
ҡ
ԷЩĵͺһ˫Ĵš
Ҷ˲䣬Ȼ˱еһ
ɲ壬˻Ұεģҿľˡ
ԷûжĵָԷǸʲô֪ͼСˡ
΢ýֻ־סԷڣôһͽ˽ɶԷ磬վվȣһŵסԷȣһֳڶԷĺϣӲվıֱ
ٺ٣Ҷҹּˡ
½Ų԰׵СҲ֪ôǱ˽ġ
ʵ˵ҲǴɣ½Ѳˮص뵽У֪Լܵλٲ±ׯΡ
ﲢ̫ԸԷǱӦҪл̬ȥ±ׯĸۡ
ֻǲţ涼ûлӦʧҪ뿪ʱһֻץסڴ
½ҼʮûϳԷҲ֪±ׯˡ
ʱѪģĶϱۣŵֽ̱ĵȥ
ڻԵǰһ̣ûǶ߶µĴӻͳһӡ
ҡҴ򡣡
Щ鷳Ŀǰ仰û˵εǼӿŶԷȥ˴
Ľ£½׵׷ʲô
һȻҪ±ׯĴִŵҪæ
ֻ鷳κ˾ߡ
½ǸСӣȴһ㶼١
漴ʹϹвԼľˣﲻͣҲֻҽ㾾½콫˹
Ҷһ飬֪ζ½ֻ˻һμȤ
ǿ֪ڸڵô
ûΣա
ǡá
赭дһƳ½᲻١
Ҷܾչĺܣһ˵ڸ˳ȥҲ֪ûаˣҴݾߣûм磬һߴˣһͷ
½ͬʱҡҡͷ
Ҷü΢ΪͻȻʧˡ
ָ⿪ʼô档
ʵҪȥӦѣֻǾǲ֪ǲֻһ˿ܳȥˣ᲻ľ뻳ɡ
ϸƬֻ̣Լǲʲô֪˿Ƶĸо͸ˡ
鷳ҲⰵûʲôڶܲԷ˭ˡ
΢΢ףֻǻû뿪ͱ½סˡ
֪˭
Ҷҿ½ֻɷ׵Сϻ¶һЦݡ
Щ˶ǻʺµֻڱ乬ǺĹϵ㽫ЩֽǲĺˣЩ˾Щӹ֮طϣλ´ߵˡ
½ޱ˵λҶһգҲգĿ
ô֪ô֪࣬ôϸ
½һ㶣ĿƮ
ҶΪ͢µˣʱСϢܻụͨһµ
½ЦüײײԵĮһƳ

 38 

ｫҶҹԭԴԼ±ׯ±ׯѾƿ֮УĿر˲١
ЩҶҲ˳㲻ʱȥҲ˯ˡ
ĩԵȣȥҲ˯Ĳ̤ʵ֪Ϊʲôܾķ
˸öͷڱǽϣžúһЩʶѵһ̣Ȼһսβ׵Ǵܵͷ˿
ĻƽһͼĲϡ
ڰĺҹֻüһźɫҹ˵Ŀ
һҪ±ׯԴ
ҶҴӺҹﻺ߳ɬϴĮ
ôˣδҲ̫ʣҪ±ׯǰǵһɶҪƤصĲڵ顣
Ȼһ컨ֻѪУֽŽԱϡ
Ҷһ㶣Ҳ˼ͷĿҲֻõ˵ͷ
ˣ߰ɡ
½ſڴ϶֡
պýһֽҶҿ˼ϡ
ڵУҶͷԶȥլӣ̾˿
Ų֪ڵԼʱȥ½ĸۡ
Ҷû뵽ƽտ½Ǹظֱˣլӵݻ
ϸѲġ
½ЦЦԭǽĸۡˣҲˡ
Ѿˡ
½Ҷҵ˱裬˸˾ͲˣֻǸϲڷŰɡ
Ҷһ漴Ͷ½˼
±ׯԨԴͲǳô˵Ҳǻϵӣ£ƵʱҲûȥֿ߻ϲһ¡
ֻ뵽һ㣬ȴû뵽±ׯһ㡣

˰ȫˣ
±ׯ鼮żδʳɫЩ԰ףȴ
΢΢ס
±ׯ¶һЦ⣬ʵʮɳˡ
ˣ˰Ȼ
±ׯ飬̧ۿ˸ǹһЦ
ǱץʱɣȾˣɾ˻ˡ
ǡ
û֪±ׯѾʼж
֮ǰѾ֪ʮϢʱѾ֪ǧ춯֡
֪жǵ㶾첻κεӰ졣
ʣµľͿԼˡ
±ׯĶ棬ڹղĵطֻϡĳһߴӰӡ
±ׯͷ֪粻棬ʮȫˡ
֪ǧʲôʱʼй۲ʮǵ֪һĻʮҲôĿ
һҶɵǵ޷˯½˵ջϾͻ棬ֻվҲҪôһҹ˭Ҳ֪һҹͻᷢʲôʡ
ҶＱȥ½ȴĵľˣҧҧǲĵĻȥˡ
һϣ˺ߣߣȻҲ˱׽

±ׯ˵ѾնδһףҲ֪ӻס
Ŀ±ׯٵףճӯıʱҲŲ԰׸ѡ
±ׯӣ漴ͰĿƵ˼վϡ
뵽нգ˭ǵõģ±ׯҲйҵһ졣
±ׯҡҡλεĻȼϨ΢΢һվ鷿Ĵ
ķǰףںҹ罻һ˲䣬
ɡ
˫ֱվڴǰۼľ
ʲô
šü±ׯʲôΪڵ±ׯҲָɽ˹ȥ
⽫㿴̫
ͫһȷӦͱ±ׯס˲
ҵ˫ôŴ򣬿ƽûһ˿
±ׯ˭Ƶġ
սϵʧĸо
ſ־뾪ţʳ
⡭ˡѡѾȫȫ֪ˡ
֨һĲϣ˳һֹ̬ſڴϣպϵУĻ̫
С½ŽĿбӵĶ˽һˮ
±ׯϸµľëԼָһһĲøɾ
δɱˣЩ
һһúõĸŤϡ
ƵĹյӣɢЩ谵
±ׯ߳ţ洫һͺȡ
ϼݵ
վŽլӰΧϽĲڿϢ˽Ų
Ŀ΢ù̾һ
±ׯ
Ҷҷɱ˽±ׯĻ±ׯһģǿԳסӡ
±ׯ±ׯ
֪˵ʲôֻı֡
ϵĿϣ֮ſ±ׯ
±ׯǰӣıӣѺ£պն
ޱȳص˵λͱ˫
ߵҵһ˿ȣܿͱΪƽ
Ҷһץ±ׯ·ɻ˵ʲô±ׯ̧ס졣
л¡
±ׯÿӣ֣صĹ
Ͽһʹȴ
ⲻǾ볼Щ֮Щıӻ֮顣
Ҷ˵˸ãڻǹ±ׯһϿ˸ͷ
±ׯοЦ⣬Ҷҵͷ
Ѻ¡
˵˦뿪½̫ҵ
ˡ
²С½ǵĸ±ׯ
±ׯС½Ķߵ˼䣬С½һĨȻ˵ͷų²ȥ
֪̫ӿɷóһЩ¡
´㡣
ҵ߳Ժӣʱ±ׯɡ
ǧڵϣϿʲô顣
һģ޹ء
ѡеʱö˻ڱշתͣȥ
ԵֱʣʲôҲû˵ֻԼûĺ³ʱܰȻ
㡭ʲô
ϹĴǧ죬ˮ৵ͣ
ǧһһ˵޹ء
ءĿͷ쵽ÿ˵
Ҷҽȥٿ
á
±ׯӦǧϴŸм
ҶңϲѾˣϲӡ
ǧ촹ﲻյ׺ͣӲ
̧ۿҶһۣдЦ⡣

ϵһУǧѡһԼǡ
±ׯһָֻܿƽ޲
ҪߣҾǿҪҲ߳š
Ϸӣʵ˶ڲ
ǽ㱳˴ˣū澸м˵Ҳ֪ǽĹˡˡū޷ڴ߷̡
߰ɡ
㷸µĴū澻ú뱲ţ

 39 

ʹۻ谵ĵҶҲ±ׯϥϺ˯
Щеǣҹҹûۣܺʱڻص±ׯߣҲ
±ׯҶҵķ˿Ŀ⿴ƽӡ
ڼžĵУͻȻһе
±ׯ̧ۿȥֻڶηｯš
ҶұǴ̶̼±ׯһü˯ĺܲȡ
±ׯ̧סĶ䣬δĽ
һǴαߵʱҲȾ˲ĵôҲš
һƤҲݵ࣬ɫ԰׵͸
Ǻǡû뵽ǵ´Ҳˡ
űߣĿԡ
±ׯûд𻰣Ҷﱧ֡
һֻ֨֨ǽߴܹܿǽǵĶ
˵´պҪնˣǿϧ´˼ҵ³ˡ
ʱ±ׯŻ̧ۣ䲻ɨªŤס
Ϊ𡣡
ĹһЦʹ˺ڰǿ˳ᢡ
ߣΪ㻹ܳȥΪݣ´ңòȣЩɶһɵġ
ǰѾ±ׯݽ¶ȥ
֪ޱ𾪣±ׯӸбߵʱҲΧİա
˶ǰΪ̸ԸһˣΪһıҵʢ
̶һ֮䣬ÿĻζңȫҪϾ촦ն±ׯӡ
ֻǻȴûмŴЩ£ͨ˽µѲ飬ҳҰĲ֤ݡ
Ҳǵһ֪ԭԼ׶ɱԼġ
ϴ±ׯ뿪˲
ʮ׳꣬Ҳˡ
ǰʮǳһѧʶû£ֻΪұ
ʮǾΪһûʵۣҹҹƹĹҴ£Ӧ־ĲĴ󳼡
òһ˻ر·ٲʢհҵЩһҹ֮һ
ǰʮҲɢ֣мǵĺá
뱲ӣΪ˹ңԼûһ֪ĵİˣûһ׺ĺӡ
ҲֻһЩ֪˶ٵʷǹۡ
һɾ޴ƣû̱ĵϡ
ʡ
ҵŲޱ߾Ⱦ˰˪Ļϣšüͷ
Ρ
֣ϣϲҪΪ
ǣֽҵ˹
ϵһֽƶҵĻ
ɻʲôҪġ
ҵͫһ˫ֽʥּٹͷ
ʣ
ضԣȥ׼׼ɡ
һӣͷٿҵüƣлĳ
ҵ̾һ̧뿪ˡ
±ׯҶһؾҹվ±ׯҪնӡ
ҶҼ磬Ҳ׻ϲն
ϾʮñӣҪ±ׯʱȨʱ͸ýɱԾ󻼡
ô꣬еĵ壬޷С
ʱѾʱⰵյĵҶЩʪ˱ԵЩûо
±ׯĿ񣬵ϥǽţҶſԼĻҲЩ
´ˣ֮ĶԹҪ±Ӳˡ
͵͵Ц±ׯ۾ηСϣͷѾĿʼб
ž谵ĵڿʼĽŲһļ¸С
Ҷ̧ۿȥΪ׵ҵһװҲ롣
š
η򿪣±ׯ§Ҷվҵ֣ȥ
±ׯûжǶĿ
󵨣ηˣʶȤ
Ц˵ָ
±ׯüһЦЦķʵϣ
»ʵǻ¡
£˷Ļ
һ漴ǲš
Ҷ̧ͷ±ׯЩ⡣
û뵽ˡ
±ׯЦ漴ǣҶһһ߳ȥ
汻˼գԵӵĿɹ
ǰͣһС½վ

ûϵֵ׳Ļ˵λλ˭ܿó뱣±ׯȻǸλö˵˲ҪôЩ󳼻ʲô۵ġ
չ󣬳һְ㱻»ʳȥλĳҲ֪ȥ
ݻլӱסһһ¡

ƫԶɽֵʮ˼ҵĴ䴦˺ɫ˿
ӿϡ٣ƫƧ֮ȴǼõġ
ڻЦֻһǣźԼ˳
ֻλȴӡ
һһͷiֻһ˫ںڵȴƽţֻżǶʱЩĲ
һ˲ʮˣʳڣţЦеĿŶˡ
Ҳϵϣٵ٣ϲվһԣǶ˰ݹأݹá
ڸպɫʵһɴʱ˱˶
С۶ЦĹϷţһ·С뿪ˡ
ҶЩ·ڣ˫ֲԾĿʼԼ䡣
һûôԶöֻصĺҪ
ֱſڴƿ֨ѽҶұöһ£漴ӵΣԾͦıֱ
һ˫ֱĴͣԼĸǰǳĺ𣬺ͷƿ̧ۣ㿴±ׯԼЦ
Ծ˴ϴ˿˿Ρ
˰ɡ
±ׯ˵ıǼ⣬ǣǰ
ЩԼԵĻʳ̲סЦ
С»֮ҹġ
û˵ڶԵ͵ġ
ôЩ
±ׯʢ˷˲衣
ԭȻţʱŵԽĶ
ڴڵĳš
±ׯЦĿҶЩ˼ץӡ
˵
ţ
±ׯҶͻȻͷһ˫ҪѪ
˵˵»ҪȽơ
±ׯһ㶣漴Ц
㵹ǶĲ١
ƱɺȻϴҶƵӣЩԥ
ҶҿɲôĻᣬȻͷȻҲ˳Ķࡣ
Ʊס±ׯ֡
±ׯҶҵ۾ҫ۵ʢǹ⣬һɣ̲סͷ¡
ҶұʹκŸӵޡ
±ׯһ¶Ǻüƿҵĺܡ
ʱһϤϤ
С½㲻ɡ
ȻᣬҼϴҶҾͺһˣôңһٺٺ١
Сӣġ
ǡӴ
ˣˡ
߿ߡ
±ׯջֻ֣ŵĴƿһСϡԿֻ뿪ӰΪ׵ľС½
±ׯ̾Ȼڶ濴˽ŵĳ²
˶֮Ͼͱһ˫ֽĹš
ҡҸ㣬ڡáҵˡ
Ҷұһȥ
εḧͷҹеˡ
סһ
Ҷţ±ׯǰա
±ׯ˫ɵ۾ЩЦã˳Ĵһڡ
ҶҰ죬Ͽʼĳ

ץסҶҵ֣ںڵ֣صĿ
Ҷң𡣡
Ҷûףüһ䡣
±ׯӴյҶҵĶĵ˵һΡ
Ҷң𡣡
һҶˡ
§ס±ׯĲ۵ļϲš
ģ˵ϲģ˵ģ˵һҲģǡǲܰӡ
˵һ䣬Ҷί
±ׯ§סҶҵȥ۽ǵˮ
Ǿ͹ˡ
Բ𡣡
лл㡣

лҪ˵
ˣǳлһ·ĶѣʵⱾԼҲдúѣкܶ©ЩûҸ˺źǣûгɹһдҪ˰ҶңҲûдһĻԽӽʵ±ׯ
ҲӣԼֵ;ˣĺллһ·Ϲл
ټ


صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ
