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һԲȥб˵ҸҪʹѣʱͷƶʱͻᣬֻΪڷ֮󣬼סĺã׸Լڶ

Ѳ˺ŮǶԱȵˣһֻϣ˵ǸˣֻʣǮˡ

ֻǴͻȻˡ

ǿһԼȫû˼

   

һ˼һ̽һ̽еĿڷ磺ΪʲôҪҽ鰡

вĿ·˵ϻ߹֣һǮҳԷΪǸ𣿡

Ҿá

㲻Ҫãһõġ

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 1 

ճϣôϽԵҸ㽻ѧǲѾǧˣҪǮһѧܻǮ㲻Ǹʲôѧ˰ɣ˵ҪôǮʲô
һüͷԼĶӣʮֿ㣬̳ǰŵ㣬ͦü޳ֻǴ˿̵ʮֵĲͣ˿ûжĸ׵ء
һ뵽һ㣬ͻȻϵ룬ͺĲ֪νĶӣԼ
סͷоһͷĿѣԼһһߵĵزģ
ճǻǸʮ꣬ĸǮȥЩ飬뵽˶е¿ЬӣµϷ̵ĶӣͱСȴѾʲôˣӹţ˵һ¶ô࣬ȥʣ
ȥʣһʵˣ϶ѾӴͨˣЩæǮȴڶӵ
Сǣ㲻ҪЩϹ˵ܣΪ˽иõ㿼ϴѧȢӣܸ֧֣ڵǺúѧϰϺõĴѧ
һԼƢº͵˵
ϧճǿģﶼĸ׵ĵİԵͰ裬ΪʲôһҪԸǿҵϣǿѧѧ㲻Լ𣿣
һֶ̲סĲȫҲûһֻ̣ȴ۽µƣʮˣͲСΪͣûжʱ䱣
ҲͻȻԶӵķŭҲˣǲĻǱߵ˵ʲôʲôԼǸĶˣ׵ͺǱ߾Ǻˡ
ҰԸǿϣѵûңͲϴѧѧ𣿡һָԼһĶӣƱˣҪ˵ұϴѧԣҲ㣬㲻ѧǰɣǾȥѧʲôʲôڣû˱㣡
ճһŭСʨһ˳ȥȫȻ˲㽫Լĸײ
ǱקסһסĿڣ˸ʲôӰǰԼͼʲô벻ԼΪʲôҪһеĻˡ
ĴӱʹɾҵĳʹһҲվȥˣסĿڶڵϣȻĵڵϡ
ذ崫ҵĹճǶŶⶼ޹ˣӶŶʱƮȻϣԼɫ礵ԼԼ΢
ƮȻӵԣѾŴһ⳵ĵ׵ķζӳ£ЩĶӣһĸ׳ܣͻܵĸȥ
Ȼһ£̽Ĵ̶׼
ȻˣԼĶӸĸ׿ĸε飬εĲ飬ĸ׵ӣԱȰοǵûа취ȥϴѧ԰ϣϣΪ裬ҲҪúõѧϰѽ
ǰչǿǮͳǮٿҲܿຢӣǮá
һڵģŶĽĿһ˵Ŀ⣬ͻȻǳᡣͲӦĺӣһ޷ҪļͥůΪò⣬ȥ֮ҲֻԼչˣʱ䣬ģʱ̫ˡ
СǴռұ뿪ؼңԼʬ壬ĺԼĶӻں޲ѣĸ״˵绰ĺ¡
չǿΪ͵Ĵĺ£е㵣ǮƻзӣСǻһ²ʮ꣬Ҳһѧδ¡
չǿǸ˵ܵǮƣæɢˣĸҵģĸҵģһ仰ͱճ֡
˵СӣչĶ࣬ǿŵϣһѾмˣټ£һƮڿе궼ĲţҲҪ
֪Ǳ֮侮ʯĶǺ˼ҵ飬ôʲô
СװģģϵһƳöҲûͬϻתͷճǣСǣʲôݣԼĶʵڣһ³꣬еʲת˻̵ġ
﷼һԳԼɷչǿʹɫչǿΪѵüͷ뿪ڡһǷСһЦһ﷼һǮӣȴҲǵʲôԼӲͷչǿǸųͷƫƫչǿ֮£žν氮ɡ
ԹԹѾȥ˽ʮ꣬ѾˣֻĶ䵽Ƿܹ鲻ġ
ڱСأճ˵ֺҲ̰īСӵǮġ
ǰչǿĬĬıſ졣
ôˣһҲˡ
ԼĶӣһֱϴѧȢӡοڶӵĳɳҲмСӵİġǺ֣䳾ԵˣҲûʲôԹôûȥͶ̥أ


 2 

һֱŶҲͦȤģСӴСĹεģϱһȥҸûʲôǣҡ
Լûʲô˼ҲûʲôùģתȥС
Сæǹһˣ֮࣬棬ôʮĵģ
ȸһʱ䣬֪˵жôĿģÿǿĻᣬĲûʱȥӴЩŮˣ鶼еģ
ֻججģ쿴˳ϰ°࣬û˼͸ˡ
Ϊһֻûа취Էûа취´磬ʮһյĴͬ·յֽǮҷ𣬲ûбڤҡҲټĹ
ʲôܴʲôܣĺȤ
СĹһϲͨûгԺ֣һûеһжֻܿȴ޹ءռıֻܿš
ĵƮƮתͶ̥ĻϣԼȻɢ䡣
ٴʱԼһѧͼ
˼кܶ鱾кܶѧΨһźǣ޷ȥΧ޶ͼڡ
ͼݵḻʣкܶС˵ԿЩѧкܶĵ豸붼Ķ
ܶѧʱֻƽ壬ŶŮʼ乺վС˵õıȽ϶ࡣϷǣ֪֪֮䣬ʱѾȥ˶ʮ֮á
ֻ˸ϣҲûҵļ磬ֽܳǵСط·ƾʧһ㡣
ͬŲʵĶԡ飬Դ鱾һҳһҳĿ
ʷ飬Ұʷ֪ʷ֪ʶûжٳ롣ĸ￪֮ʮ꼸һģһŸ߿Ҳһģһ
ϸĹڸ߿ʷϣϸϸķȴûһԼϤ֡
һ۲һ̮ƽʱ

 3 

һԽԽԽ𾪡
ⱾдĲߵѵ˿ǵĹ£Ȼˣ
⵱Ȼǲܵġİд˴ļ֣´鹹ͬɺϡ
һòϣǾ˳еһССǣΪ˳ŮҸĵߣһ⵹ù˽Ĺ˰ˡ
еŮ츸ĸãһǸռȵĽ㣬ñسλ֮󣬿һԽԽƽƣÿһߣһƶũŮΪĸĸŮٹ⡣
ݣ׿Ůζ̸ÿŮҸ˳Ľڵ㣬ϲѿһóһޡŮǺɷޱȣһΪѱĵɷЪ˹ŮϴѧɹתһȴΪԼڵޱȣһӣԸ߿߻سǶ
һ۾ĿⱾ飬ȫȻǲʱ䣬оޱȳأ˭֪Լһɫ𾪵ġ벻ͨ⣬¶˿
ΪʲôͼݵͼûйܳΪʲô߿״ԪûϤ֣ԭ֪ʲô͵硣ֻƮڿУо۱ܡȵ֪ԼǹʱҪ𾪡
۾»ζһ£оʮֵ㣬ʰʰ׼ԷҲŬһ죡۾ƬûпϢֻĻһӽӷſյĿһ˽ȥ
âͼϡϡļȴ
ã֮䣬һߴŮǵ˽
ϱǲˣӸûУϱزס˵֪಻ס
˵ˣɩﲻܣ
һԼϺ䣬𤣬ϵ·ϵˮֺÿÿ붼ϵԱҲӵϺʲôصĶѹǷ˵ߴߴ˯ɾķˡһ۾ǰһϤİϤȴİһþ漫ˡ
ݣݾסľӡȴʮ̣ݵת䣬ŮӣʮĸĸŮٱɴźӵ츾Ů
ʵľΪ˶ľɶõεµĺۼۼ̫ϤˡϤΪġ
ϡǵ֮ǰʲôһС˵ֱһ̲֪ҲһС˵һǡ
Ϊһ棬ʯ֮ڵĴˣֻص
ıߵĵһΣˣʱ֪»ɷȥ󲻾ãΪһ֪࣬ͬǻسǵĻسǣҹϵƼϴѧϴѧһҸ˼ˣΪܹϺһӣ˭֪һ֪Ц
ʱĿһʵܲ˴سңңڣĸ˵سǵĹϵң̣̣ǧҪСӡڵ֪ɷʧ٣п֮һҹ͵͵̤˻ؼҵ·
׼ǻ뿪ģֻҪһɽͷɽǱߣл𳵹ûнţ͵͵ڻ𳵿֮ȥֻҪ֣ͿԻؼҡ
֪ಢ磬ڳҵ㹤ֹ׬ǮģɸĸĹŵģǣñ˿ԣôԼҲԡ
ֻܵĹ˹ȥȻ˿ļǵõʱľ֮󼸺ǺޡҲ˭Ūģ̽˸ѪͷҺòӳȥΪʲôҪҴΪʲô
Ȼ͵춨Ҫ¹¹ĸسǵۻԺ󴦴·硣
ʱһȴסˣĸǵСôˣϵҲ
һھʱĻҵϡĲӣܿҡҷӳӰһվš
һʵ˵үүҽվǱ߼ģεˣͰ˻  Ӧòܰɣȥķͻվȫ෴
һˣֱŭգǾܣվߵģǴܼʮֵĵͣʮֵżֻţϾܣߴ·ֻļǵǱС˵ϵĻ
һ̷ɣСĹѪͷԼܣڳ˵ĸһȵ̬һжվڸ߸ߵվ̨ϣһУɴ˵ԼҪܵģֻǲϵ·ѡ֪ĳЩʱԻٵһˣ޼ɵͷĶ⡣
һǱС˵ķŭƣ޷ԼƽС£켣һЩѣƽʱȥгһƽС˵һȡ֮̾ͱóª
ʱմˮʪ·ζ˵ʱ飺ίжԼܵķŭ
ʱƹˤܲɣͳøӡ
Ĩһϵıƿܵ棬ûиݵĸ˶˵ʲôׯӵĻʼǣдӳ
˭˵ܵģ֤𣬾ҡվݵ룬վ˺öˣΪġ϶ꡣվ׵ĻһˣıС壬ȥ˴Ŀĵݣиߡ˿΢΢ͷɵվڳǵ·ȫȻûкԵܲõơ
̧ͷƳһ̵ۣͷȥ·ûпһ
˿ǻİˣȻڹϵϾ֮Уû˺ͱС
Ŀ⸴ӣ˭뵽պգΨֱ֮ǣûйϵҲҪһЩϵȥ׽
лл㣬ӣҪһҾˡ
׵үùȣѵ˵˵ҹܵڴʲôȥˣǲܡ
˶ĮĿ⣬һ侲õĻԣҳȥΪҵɷǶ˵ˣʬ嶼ûУҲġ
˶ǳĬɷĹѸԼɷˣҪסȥңʮָˣĲֵʦǰڳƵʷˡ
չǿ󲮾С۾һĨ⣬ɣֶ£զڲ˵ɶȥˣ
һѾöԲߣʱǴũæûʱȥǶ˵Ѿˡϼ˵ɽͷļϣǿһģһˣ˵ء
һŲչǿ﷼ǳûţһڻţ͸Ȣϱ
үүǸˣô˵̾ˣҰοҸǼҵи𣬴ӺúõĹǿ¶϶ˣѵĲֹһң·ɽôҳ
һȺˣŮŮ뿪СԺߵſڴԼߡ
һſͣ˫۾һ롣
ţ˫˫ƤĴ۾һģһŵĺӶ̳Ĵ۾˫Ƥ˿ŵ۾ӣ˫һģһ۾һ֣ļΪ˶Ǵ
лҪ˵9£9ûУǾûС

 4 

ĸȴϵϷܿˣȻǿһԲģΪŸ߹۶ȥ¼ҵʱûϵһ졣ȥȥˣıմ⣬ԶӲá
ȻӳԿ࣬еĲ̣æȴˡ
һܣ˼Żص˯ԣԴӽ֮ŵԾøСޡ»ֻһɷ̱ȥȫ񣬲ӱܡ
ǵԼΪӱⷱص񣬲Ҹ˼˵ġӶߵĽǶȷһ˽ҲܳԿˣԼĽǶȿܺˡҲûгɹɷܻ֮سʧ֮ȻȥΡ
ҵķϳ˼ţд󲿷ֶǴĵͣһǶѡ
ŷųʪˮ棬Ȼһֲʵĸоһļ仹ڸߴͼڣڿһС˵
ǸΪεŵԼһΣʪܵԼһأ
ϵֻʣһ㣬һѹĸ˵ʵҪһ·
򿪴ͷĹӣ·õģõ·װѾܵʪ͸
ҳһ΢һĴϣʪ͸·ӵϣ¹ûУڵć״
ţһܽȥ
һѵϵ£¶ҵ߹ǡǰ治һ㣬˶е
һ뽪ǰŮе·¶ļЩִٵıȥ
Щ˼Ҹ˽һǣȺ˰ɣֶ꣬࣬û˼㻻·˾Ͳˡ
һӦһһµĶϣﶼûУҪҵȯȻûйҵȯģĹҵȯǽżãŮӵﶼñ߽ϵԼ
׺ͷ⿪ͷƤĲѾǱ·ʪġ
ڰģߣһϵл˵ɻȥ
ﻹУһȵ㡣
һĴӦ·ƿӣһ㳱ʪʪֱӱ˱浼µġûкŶ˵ʲôʵ˵һ䱧ǸԼ£ŷڶ谭ԼسǵˡǱȫѰң׷صʱ򣬵ǵ˶塣
չǿһŮ˻ֻ֮һ飬֪ĺ
Ҳ˴̵ĳʪȥµıӹŸϡ
һ˵˾ллǰŪ޴ġ
ѽлл̫ˡһллƺ÷˲٣ڽ˵Ļ˵˳һúõϢؼҾ͸ӳ˵һ˵٣ڼһҲǲС
һŵ֮⣬ؼҿԹĻأ͵͵ܣؼ֮ͻڳˣҲûʲôϵ
ã֪ˡһлŵĺ⣬ʱ˵ллҲţҲˡ
سǲسǵģﲢļңǵŮؼ֮󣬼ûλã֮ļʮ꣬ûϵ
˳ȥӷһ鲼Ʋסӷ϶͸ķ硣
һĬĬһУˣȻŵ粻һ飬ǡǶ˵ȴʵڹ硣ûдĵطԼ
ԼĿռ䣬Ķȡˣڹ״̬ʱֻܿҲ˿ȴóһ֣ձģĺáԼĵʱԼĳ룬ŵȷ
ԼǰȻһ£ϧڵ˵̫ˡ
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ǳĺãȥʲôóʲô״̬ᷢʲô仯ġһȶӵеǳ⣬ֱЩС˵Զ󿪵С磬Ǭ䣬ռȪȵȵȵȣһžԼǶô
ʱռ˶Խ˵Ĵ׺ףձŪĲϣӸ۳Ǳţп㣬һЩƽʱõģһЩ߲˺ȣм飬ĸ߿ϣûü
ǶѶһɣŽȥŷŵĽ壬Ǹöʮĩʱ򣬻ֻǹݵʱһǣű۰ķʽɣȻеJ
۾ſռĶ˼Դʱ˿̵ľʵĸо»صʮ꣬һжΡ
ڶһˬڶǸ죬Լıӱȥɹʪ·Ҫϴϴͷϴϴ衣
Ÿ裬ĺõԺﳶɹ·
дɤߺȣҪȥͷᣬһҪһˣҪȥ
һ뵽ͷۡοûģһҪȥһģΪũæͣˣũæȥҪͣһʱ֣ȻҪֶļ
Դ֮ȥͳһ£ķǰɣż˿Ҳ޷ׯĺˡ
һȻҲȥԼֲڵָСʲôɣָʮֵĴֲڣؽҲЩִ
һֱԼŶӣסֲ֮ŴӲκũнųڳʱϴɨ֪ʱҲһֱڵ
ʮֲݣһǳˣһ֪࣬ȫʧȥˣʧȥ֣֮Լһ˻÷ˡϧ̫Ѿüùֶκչǿ˺ӣֻܰѺ󣬲Ȼ˵жô
һһϵˣЩˣҲû˼ܹ鵽󻹲ԼġС˵дôɶ񣬿һͺ޵ͺñյʱŻԣͱ̰ͼҶСˣ͵һȻ˲СŮԻǾ浾ôһŰˡ
˭ҶƵģ๤Ϲ
һ滮ˣ׼ˣƽ˳ĵһǵصԼԼĶľš
ܺãűű¨к˵Ҫȥɽϼ
¹ʲô񣿿һûʣǸʮСģʮ˸ܵˣ˵ΪȥʹӦˡ
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ϴͷһڵˮȻܿҵǷֲģǳӪԵʡͷɢڼͷȥɽϣ׼һš
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ׯҵһͦɵݸ߸ʱ΢΢ͷ˵ƺھܾʲô
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һһ˵ӰҾȻһûúллأĶ°ɡ
ڵĳӣһСӣ˵ǵʱ⣬һˣеԼ̵ĳԴöȣ̻Ҫͣĳҩĸĸַ̨ʹɱ֮Ѿеꡣ
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Ѿǳ¼ҵˣȻ˳¼ҴĺôҪе¼ҵΡһθôܾͼһ߹ϴ裬ϻһˮ飬Ӧɢͷġĳûпۺã¶ϸ۵ǡ
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·һ㶫ʲôһƾܵĶ·ֵһᡣ̽ӹðĶӡ
һڵţҵʰõĲڼϡ
Ȿж񱨣Ĳۼ˺£ֻҪһ㻵ģͻᱻȫ̷񶨡
ͼݵҲȻ˴˵ˬ㡣˭Ʊж񱨣Ͼ˸ԼԤĶλġ
һƵˣûΪ͸¼ңڳ¼ҷʱ磬Ҳûڳ¼ܵʱӲܲˡֻ̫Կһ̫ˣ߶һΪʾϧ
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鱾鱾һҲ޷ʥĸһΪȣŷʼǣԼҪĶҪŬȥȡΨһģҲǱܿ飬ǵǡŬԼ


 5 

һʪĲ˻ؼȥһ·߻ȥϼ϶ճһۼģһʹһʲô
ʮΣҸڳȥЩͷݸӸģʰֻǸڡ
ĬĬ߶ţñģɽŪˣ۰
һںİڰ֣֪ʡ£ǶЩռС˵ģ۸ͽ˳˳ԼȥһʼøֵȥЩܲ¾Ͳ°ɡ۸ԼĻᡣ
ȻҲ뵽һ㣬̾˿ǼûͷҪ۸ġ
һæϵĻƣһɥĻ۸ֹûͷչǿڵʱЩ˲ҲĿŵռôչǿ˼ЦӭʮϺģ
ʱ֪С˵֪Ϊ˺ü
ûͷ˼Ǽû˷û֧鹵ˡһԼԣ˶չǿҪԼ飬Ͱһ֧ˡ
ֻڿңǶǡ
שṹģҲǰ߰éݣһһԷ֮⣬İ趼ûС
СԺɾ֮⣬Ҳûʲôŵˡ
ǳǸɾɾҲǲʱΪȥӼСӶãʵ£ҪǱ˵ʵ侳Ҳûʲôġ
Լ뱧ˣŵѩֱֵ̫̿ùˣľ˰ɡ
磬һպŨĺСκͽ裬ˬڵһٷֻһ룬ÿһԡ
ĶŶǺܺõĶˣһصĳ˷﷢ôѿռĴó
Ͽᣬ˶ȥˣļ֪඼ȥˣһŵӰ̨ϣˡ
һû谵ֵСҲ棬һ
һ˵һСӵһ𣬵ȵĴӳˣСӳ尲ŹһЩ磬ţſᣬΧҲֺģǺֵ
ĩҹЩ磬ѾеˣΧճɵģżҳҶ̵ģС
ǻ˵·кںڵ
һϤһȥȥ
ȻһСӷɱûͷûԵײĻʱЦ棬Сӡ
ӵǰҪԵģԹӡ
ӵԱ߾ѧУѧУԱ߾д㣬ʮСӹν׵ĵطҲСӵʳƤӣһǮһǹб˵ѿǡ
һǶԼȥ
Ǵ֪ǵľۼأڿһȥ֮ǰǻ˵˵ЦЦȵһȥ֮̾ǾĬ
εһ˵ڳĬ֮ǰӦˡ
һ˼Ƥɮ⣬Ǯǡ
ۻԱæöۻԱҲһ֪࣬ʵۻԱְλͦģǺʱ䣬˶¹ˣҪڴţҸĹͦ͵ġһ˵Ǽеϵʵְֵ֪ܵλ
ֽʮڿ죬ݾԶļ䣬֪֪Ĵ˺ܶˣһģҲ˸е崺硣
һŶ׼ߣһֱĬļ˼ûкҲ׼˵ӣ̾Ҫߣæͬ־˵εˣڻðɣ
һգգ۾㿴񲻺õ𣿡һЦ˵Ĵɫ󣬾ûǺá
ģһ㶼ĺȫ෴ȫ˸ĸ
ڨЦûУͦõģǺǡ
һŲ߳㣬ʱһ֪ڿЦЦˮһգ֪࣬޸һ˵Ͳסįܲ˿֪ѡ񣬿ϧոѡ˶ݵĽݾݾͶϵˡ
˼ڵĴһҲǲ̡ܷ
һԼĶѰźСֶӵλãȴȺ֮Ľ￴˳ӡ
һʯͷϣģҲ֪ʲôĲͣһڴү֮⣬Եø忡
ȻͻСѾܿԺķɡһˣôһֱδȢأ˵кܶùηƶҪ޸ģǸʱȫľѾȫ濪ţڷܶÿζæΪھܾˡ
һߵĸǰ֪ȥ֮ԼĶӶշȻճǲһֱ˳˳ġ
ûе棬˵һлл
ȻҲˣֽŶ֪áֳŵģ㽫Լһȥҵվˡ
ܾãƽȣֵڵ£ǰǲ̫Ź۵ġ˼¿㶵ûţ𴩵û㶵Ŀӣ㶵𿪲˲ڹӶԵ֣˫ֻܲϲεİ
һ룬ʳֳݣһݵݸлл㣬㣬ҿܷ档
ʣµĻкܶлһû˵Ժĳ˵ֵ̧̧ܲ飬˵Ķˡ
ϧڵĳӾòգͷ۾ĶһŮ˲ףҪӵģԡ
Ȼת˵ˡ
ʵ˵Щ䶼ѾˣƫƧĽϵζһֱҹ챧ȥζһ㲻һǺܺšЩʵʵ룬뷨ںһ
һӲĹӶкüڴĹϵĿڴִۣӲ˽ȥΪһҪƾܵģ˭֪ûжʩΪ
һЦˣڵĳʵһӣϲЩСʳġ

һصԼλϣСѾһСӣСǿݸСϡȥ
ܿӳ͹ˣһʵȨһǴӳһǻơӳ̨Ҫ¿ʼ顣
ϣȻҪѵۣ֣ͶֱӵļֵʱĹֵַĻǴӵĿ
ȻȥɣΪͶڼ䣬ʳѣܱ
ǸСӵĶӳķˣֺġС˳һ
СӳգռҵıңСѡıȽһľû˷ԡ
ǿһòԣӳһ˵ô죬ҲҪһ𣿲ֹһңгӼҡ
½ǣ¡
ӳüͷһ壬Ƕ˭ҶһŸ͵ˣһĨȥ
˶٣˵ļͥȷԿʱܶһ㡭ɣɻʱʡ
һĵ죬Ҫľ仰


 6 

֪ⳡģûûҹĸɻÿҪʮСʱססʱĲ档
ҴĹҪʯͷһΣԡǰôûġ
Ȼûȥ˵¹ʷ֮ǰȥ˱£ӹˣֻǳ̮¹֮УɽµʱԴʱʧȥ˼䡣
ĵĺŸ裬ڻȥ·ϣһǡ
ӣЦ˵СӵĶŰɣû¶ʱȥɽϳ¶ȥڼ֡ڵɻϰˣǻһҲûµġЩ֣ʳΪԺ㡣
˵ţĶӡ
һֵסӣûлУ
飬չǿǺȵڶ죬ҪˣȻǳ¡
ѾˣĻǰʱôܻС
һŬĳ壬ǿͷˣǳе˰ͷ»ǸģǧܵġɽϵĻȥ
Ѿܴˣʮ꣬ʱѾعѣӣ˵ʧȥ˶ӣͷѾһ㷢ס
һᶨ˵ԼľȥҲҪǮģҲԼǮ
ȷҪ֣Ҫ˼Ժĳ·ȵչǿǸ﷼ʱ޼ҿɹˣĿ¼Ҳļң﷼һðƿ¼Ůͻ¶ڣ¼Ҳǻزȥġ
ԣһǳ󵨵뷨ҪڳׯӸǷӣӵгׯӵĻڡ
Լչ鲻Լģ˵ˣ˵ǿԼͶ׬ľͲһˣûܶߡ
ǸһҪǮʵһ࣬ճʮʱϷӣѪ귿ӣҲ̻ص˳ƶ״̬
أǷӻҪլأռҵլأһǷ

ź֮󣬵ڶҪȥϹˣһ𴲵ʱ򣬼ļѾľԺֻѾιʳԺӴɨĸɸɾԺԱߵС԰Ѿˮ·ڵˮѾϴɾˡ
𴲵ʱѾһǴæ֮ͷִһΪ׼ǲܵġ
һС˾۵һ𣬵ͷٺʹӵ˾۵һȻһȥɽϡ
ɻ֮ǰҪȷ񣬶ӳȻã൱ʡĻЩʮ̫̫ɵġǼʵûˣøѧĺӶס
һĹң̫̫ͰС֮䣬ۡ߳ܣǿʤԼ̫̫֮ˮҳҳҶ̵ġ
ż๤ܿ佱ɵĺá
ũæ֮ǰɻĲӻǶǾʣµʯͷô
߶ʯңЩ̫̫ĻȻ̩Ȼ콲ĭʯڿ衣
һ˵۾עΧҵչǿû֤ݣܰǿ֮ǰҵЩ˵ʬ壬֤ûչǿģͺˣ
ȴһصģװʯͷСˣ˺͵漸ʮȽǣЩʯͷǴɽڳġҪһ²ãľ֮£Ҫʯ
һС˵˵ģǸأ
жʯͷĹ򣬿һĵĹȥôһ˰
ʵһڹĲŹȥģԾδСѾˣ־ںùϵϱԼôĹգ޷ǳźͶӵӣһһֶӡ
ⱲҪռӵģֻϣû˶ӣһֵڡ
ֵĹһЩȻܳԾһ¡
һԼʵʵֻһ˫ٵ۾ʱͷںӦΪʲôô
ЩڣͰ͵ģǸ£Ȼͻ
͵
һʵڲףԺ߳Ƶ̽羫Ӣô䵽ⲽأɱ۸ԼҲģʵͽģ¡
ε̾صԼλϣеʱڣȷһ˭ĳɹװ
һȥ̺֮ĽͷչʶСӰԣǳׯСӵģӦʶǺ࣬ߵĽûô
һЦЦ˵ͷڲñ·˸ۣʶ
ķȻʢ˿ȻУϡǳȫ򷹵˵飬緹Ǵͷǲ˺öİͷѾܺˡһ̾øɻɵֵȻ϶Ѿĥˮݡ
еһ룬ŮľһСǴ˿̹֮Ӱ׿ˮЩȡ
ǿһԹķˣûзҲûаʣڵϣԵĽζ򷹵ĳЦеģһվǰԹһЦ͵õһٵ͵
ССڵĳţʮֵϧûע⵽
˶һʲôأ޷ǾŮˣҡ˿ĵľŮˡ
һ˵ϴ¶˺üѸʵȢϣȥƸѸ㵥ǿ
иŽû죬أȢؼܣٺ٣Ҫˣȫ˾͸ǰͷˡ
ѸǰǷǶ࣬òӣعѵϱ
һȺ˻⣬һЦԽ˵ԽͷҲԽԽ޼ɵȻҪȥϷСѸ
һܸоĿת˼ĶһĶġ
ӿ˳Էٶȣ⻹ûг꣬һŲͳŲ̫ɾĻ
һĬĬķʣһķ룬ⷹ»ҪԣܽȥһѪ
ָƷͷģÿ˵㣬޶⣬ڶͷͷеǸʳ԰
ЦĲ񣬶ǸŵåΧ۵ڶ࣬Ƕ£ҶֻϷûʲôʵж
ǿһȴ֪⼸һﶼʲôˣʮʱ򣬻Ϊåǹһ
һԼСǲһҵǸϡ
ȺŹʱһҪסһݺݵĴҲ嵽ʣµˡ
һһٶ˵˵ɱһĺС
ǲûʲô£ͷҲûϣһһϧ
һΪ⵽˹µѵ⣬ӳһһ⣬ʮ塣
һԼĲЬЬĲѾʮֵϡ٣ҪƵˣĺûнǸ˴ҲУûҩѡԼԶⶼԲŶˣŵģԼİء
һ⣬µһ仰ˣ͵ɣԺǼ۸ˣ͹ң㻹Ǹ֪࣬զôء
һͷʾ̣ܽصյԼķУûеطӴһʯͷðݹһϤķ룬ġ


 7 

 һ룬ˡһͷñֽŵġ
ͷݸ֮󣬿һԷ½ϲ˲䣬Сӣ˶֪ӣֻṈ̀ü
Ϊ¼ҵϱãͽһֱӲͬü޹ȥһֱû¼û檵ϰߣͱ׽Ķӡ
СʱǽСүʮСҡԺվߵСɽһָЩǼҵĵأִ
ϧʱˣģСϲ˹֣ǹкɫ·ǳеĺۼ
һŷУԼ֣Ϊ˫ָҲһЩ󣬵ȻȲϳӵģԼС꣬˫ȴЩ˲¡
Դĸĸȥ֮ͳ̵Ķһ˫Ҳ
ǿһһЩʹǼһ仨ڷ۲ϧָưɡ
һ㲻ڣһĿ⣬Լ˫ֱں棺ķͷڵ£Ҽ˶ӵģ͸ˡķʦӵġ
һлл㣬ѾԱˣʦôãҳһͷһ
Ӷʱ޴룬Լͷˣͷȥ̳Եġװֵͷһأ˶ӵģôڵϣԿ֪Ƣ϶ٳˡŮɻͷֻһ϶Բͽǵմ˻ҵͷˣԼĲͷó
һ۾עһ㲻̫˼˵죬˵˾Űɣת̾ߡ
һһһ룬һһͷվԭ˰죬Цˡ
δеĹϵģϾϱӵʶôǸҧˣǳӽԼȻϧΪǽԼŪ˿ѣ˶Գʮֵķߺޡ
ܵģϧûгɹ
ںܳһʱΪһеףûаȻͲĸǱߵˣͲ֪ʵǱġͲʧٵɷͱŮ˺˵ľͲһֱ¬
˺ܳһʱ䣬ԳӶ˵⡣ֱϷ̣׳Ϊ޲֮ݵʧ
Լ߼ãԼҲס뵽Լ̲סЦˡ
һصϢĵطһȺŮΧԣ֪ҩ֮󣬾֮ϧҲ֮˵¾ǸԼ鷳ҲС
һǣЩСåֻӲѡ
ں˵ʲô£һõǣ´Ҿ;ʯͷҼҾò˵ñһţֻҪһҲҪǼңһҶ
Ļһ䣬ǸС˭֪ǿžĺŶ
һ˺ݻҲ˵ԼȥСϢ
ͷŽռһҲŽȥ˶£ȵ˾ͿԳԡںͳӵĹϵҲǻˣһǳˣο֮ûйҧƿڴһ٣ӡǺõġ
ȵԺŮݹλˣҪ仧ũ壬ʱҪеĴִȣܷƣʱû˶ӣֶѪԵŦܴܲ滹˵
һڲôģûбˣƾһӵϢҲԹһӣһ˭ֲһء
ڿһǣôȥǸ￴֮ǰµ˵塣֮ǰ֪ΪʲôԭϷʯͷס֮ǰڵôȻǰ
һȥһܲҵǰڳ֤ݡ֤û
ʱѾ֪Ĵλãȵҹ˵ʱ򣬾ͿԷĵĳȥ
ȵҹΧС˷һһڲԼͷסҲס˴룬׼̽ա
ʱʱ֣ʺжĺ  
һ·϶ûˣһĵվڶڣģ·һɼ׵ľ޿ڣҪпɵ
˵ǲܵģһסԼģ˵ҵЩߵ壬ʱôҵģָô˵ѵ˵̮ʱȫװ˿ռЩ˵ҵˣ
תһ룬ҲһҪһԭһ֪Ҳû˻ỳɵͷϡ
һҪһˣվɽµſڳǰ䲻һŵһ¡һֵ۾һ߸ߵĺӰվĺ档
ӲתӣȵľôһŻعתϳǳӡ
ʽֵͲϣﻹһС߸ݵģ΢΢š
һ΢ŭôһ춼ûаˡ
ͷѾкҪǲ˵֪ҪվãûʱƽʵʲôŵǼåʱСĵ㡣
ûмôݵŮˣܲ˵ģŶʹĵ߸˿һӡȻһ嵽Ǹʲôӡ˵
һ΢΢ͷʱ֮̽ͷ˳ӵΣСԣԲԲģĹĵģװӦͷ
һʵʲô
ӽŵĲŵ󣬾һ߳ܣʡĿŻȥ̳Եġ˼ҳϸһ㣬
ڿһǰĪΪһϲ̨棬¿һ֪࿴
촽һ˵˼ҡ
ȻһԼСһ㣬ϿȥɣҹЩ˻һƬһŮӣá
һúЦӱԼҪСڻûгɣȴһ˵Ŀһûмôɰһ棬ɱ۵Ī붺
ͷóݸӣţҵͷҸԲô࣬һûؼȥɣôǻȥһءؼҵ·ôԶ
Ҳ⼸֮꣬󣬾һͷδػῴһۡ
ڳӵ۾ĶסǸͷװ׵ģĪñԼĺÿһЩʱֻ˰϶ǺˮѾĲˡڿͷ˿ĭ
һȻĿ꣬һϣȻءȻȴͷߣ֮ǰȻȥ
һöʧҪͷģһֻеͷ֮ˣͷ֮ûеͻȻԼһͷԼҲܾοôҪǿһˡ
һһѶĿڴͷŽĿڴڳӵĿɿڴ֮Уڴ
һͷĺӣѽһķ˶ʡпֻһ롣
ϣŮһ˽Сء
һ̶ǰϷһС֮һ
üȺˣߵĿһһںӣ̲סΪġվһǰסߡ˵߰ɣȥ
һȵĿȥǻؼҲˣͷɲš
æܾòãһ£ûȥʱԼͻȥˡЩˣǲôģҶһ£ҪôŪңȻɱȫҡ
Ǽ˲ҹŷˮߵԶЩˣЩŮϷҲͰˣûмôݵģһҪļʻǼˣȴ˵ĲģŮ
Źݻ˻ˣһתģ۾ôͻȻãƺһ㺦أ
㣬ȥɣﾭҹһŮáҲҪˡ
ղŻ˵Ҫȥȴֲˣһӵ̬һȻԭºŰ
ϱӺ񲢲ܳʲôû뵽ⱲӻļһۿųԶת֣ߡ
Ҳ֣ԽԽ涵Ӱʯ·ϵĿ˼ƮʲôطȥڵϵȵԶ֮󣬲վϢ·ҲֻʣʯӵĿ֨֨
һжڱãȷǷҪıǰ˹켣


 8 

ԼԸıǰˣ֪ǰǸһﹷѪʧȥ䣬δӼ顣
һ֪ɷ׼ȷλãϾǿԭˣһʱͼݻӣϾ￴ԭˣܻǰ﷼ƬΣһû˵ŹĸĴҲһĿСӣСʧˣڿҺ񣬻ܸɣһŹĸĴĪ
һǵƬΣ﷼ĸװʾ﷼˿иöϸڣ˰쳡ƣһˣ﷼ֻŴӣЦ
һĳֵͲֻǰһСڰ¹ⶼ޷͸ǰǳĿͷĺڶһͷ¹ĵطֻһССԲ㡣
ǰԽǰǰ·Խߣبɽʯ˵ġûüͷ̮
ߵ˾ͷɽһɴ̱ǵζ˵ʲôζ˺ü硣漴оɽ⣬һ¡
ΪԼǴӹ״̬ģԹ֮˵Ȼžηһ˫ֺʮ֮а˰ݣϹģҪðĵط
󣬴ŵ綼С˲٣˵棬ӦģϾֻһڣ綼֪Ӻδ
һǰߣǰ汻ʯסˣֵͲǰһСƬ⣬ԲͻȻ󣬿ռ䶸Ȼտǰĵкܶʯͷ
һҹﴫһƵľ죬ҹϹĹ˼ȫûʬ棬û˸ҽʬٽеĹ̶˷Էһ
Щʬ棬ֵζ
ڰʯͷÿܱܲϳЩˣΪʲô㹫֪չǿûôأھͰչǿץʧ˭˭Ķӣ˭ɷȻ˹һӣ
ѡȨƺѾϣ԰Ū䵱ǸŪ˵֣ĲŪ֣ǣչǿһ𣬵ǲԼҪ
һڴʯͷϣѡǰʱˡ
ĪģղǼС˵ĻйŮгƺߺ
һ󵨵ģͻأͷشתʱĳӣƺԼкøУԼ⻬ģԭ׵

뿪ʱ򣬲ͬڽʱѹֺͺڰÿһڵĹһ֡һԽԽ죬ߵڣʯ˦ڡȻصԼסĵطͷ˯
ڶϣǱӵѵģ߸ߵ͵͵ص΢ЦȥԼķˣ緹ͷ̲ˣ̲ûһ˿ˮͷͰģζܲ
ܶȥҲȥѾۼһѵſڵʯͷƳġ
һСɽôߣʱΧɽº͹µ㵸ǸѸ֪࣬ۿվţǸ࣬϶ġ
һȺߵΧһƬž˵һǸС죬ڲСȥһŲԾŲǿװͦţ㿴ʲô㣡
쿴һͳڵ֮һѾˣǰֻǾÿһ֪ÿÿǺÿȴûж˼Դӿһ޸ˣع֮󣬶ʱ֪ͱصЩϱǣҲûʲôһ֪Ĺ⻷ȥֱ˻ƴɣЩ˽סͷ־ޱȡ
һ֪ŵģһ̫̫СţȥܾйϡŹֵ飬ʱѲšľ֮ŵ࣬ⱻĳҽ˹ȥҽΪ飬Ȼӡ
һǻһۣҵ£һҪٱ⽨š
ˣΧ۵˿ĵȻη岻ѣķţɲôȥġֱ۱־ǣһĵΧȺڶͣڿһΧճôһط
һҲϻֱӺ͹µ˵չǿ棬ǰǱţҲʬ壬˵չǿûǲţȥɣ
ѹڵϵʯͷȫŲʯͷ棬Ϊע⣬ϵģǱĸ췢֡
һѵʯͷʮֵۣͬʱҲΪûʲôʶĴֻ뵽ƴɺ꾫ϡ
һ;ηĲˣ¶һʶûУҪ֪Ůǲأõըôûأ
˵Ůʲôװһ۲Χ˵ķӦ̾
ܿµľ֯˽һ̽ΣǶǽΪģ֮ǰǵΣգûа취̮ɽʯ˳ҵʬĻҲǸЩһ


 9 

ܿµľ֯˽һ̽ΣǶǽΪģ֮ǰǵΣգûа취̮ɽʯ˳ҵʬĻҲǸЩһ
һŽȥһҹķͣζӵŨ񣬸ոߵͶŻ
ûãһʬͱ˳Ҳˣǰʹʧһ޲֪һչǿһü۽ߵŮӻصƽڲ֮˺һص죬ĬĬһˡ
ͻȻ𣺡ӳ԰һʮˣôֻʮһ
ɽľʯѾЩѹû״ƴճ֮ôǲɽҲҲһָͷˡ
ɽҲͨ磬Щʬ岢ûиõĶôңֻ̫ɹʱζŨҡ
¶˴ӳӳ𾪵ʬתһȦһȦʵϲ˭˭εͷ϶һüԼϰɡ
һصǰʱɽʯôܵģ˶Եˡ
ܿһһЩ˵ȥǼǰ飬˵ӦѾˣֻʬĳ»ʧȥ˵ıˡ
һľľģ˿ʯͷڵϡźܿˣѾ޵Ĳӣվһ߾ʬǰ棬ǻ
Ϊʬ壬˷˵ԼҶӣ˵Լϵаæ֤ģĳĳ촩ʲô·˵ģ
飬ϹǱˡһȺΧſ
һŮŲԾעĿ⵹֣û˰ˣЩʯͷԼܳģ
һһϤתȥ﷼
ϤĴӣϤ볪иСӺֳգĴ۾δЦʮֵСЩòΣһܱˡС裬﷼á
Ȼ˼ҷ֮СȤһ޴ӵ֪ģ֮Щһֱ֮ȥİôҲġŸи˵Ļǵù࣬Կ֮ĵһӦǣġ
һǲԼͷϵҸԹŮǲҪĲ
һ㶵Ŀ﷼ǰԼ﷼в࣬˶﷼չǿ氮һƻ˰˽֪࣬չǿ˸ӣԼҲԼһˣ˼˺¶ĥȴôˣŮˣϱӲ֪мңϦദ֮˰飬֪Էм֮ȫˣ˸ǣ﷼Ҫչǿġ
ôڣ﷼֮ԼĿСмˣôһȲ֪
ʧٵɷ򣬵ڶͳˣţˣû
һӶó˵ĽƬֱ㶵ľ﷼ǰ
﷼ԱߵŮü֪࣬ұôչǿ
﷼ȴס촽һߣ۾ĶסССĺڰƬָסңĹǽڷס
ӳæΧ֪࣬ɽ͵ĹôʶҵĹǿأúõˣҲǾȥɽҡ
﷼ᣬһˣڿһͱˣԵÿĶࡣ˰˵һмĿӳ
һԳЦЦΪ﷼ôĸУǺչǿ飬Ҳ컯ŪˣֻչǿܲסԼģϲ˱ˣڿҲˡ
һȴģͻˣȴε֮󱻳Ӽһ֮˶Ϊƶ֪൱ȥұ˼ˣˣĿߡƢԽԽ֪ԼĴġ
һĽгӣһĬıӰȺ߳ûʲô飬ֻǿһĪÿһһʹ
ʲôǿͬ飿һĪ۾һ⡣
Լʲôųӵ﷼ǰƬҪǿͿչǿĲ࣬۾㶼úõĿ
﷼żĲˣıý󣬼䲻ͬѵһԼ֪࣬ͱˡɷʧٹұʲô£ұѵܵ𣿣
һĿעŶ˺﷼룬ƬǵĽգĻûؼϸ
Χ۵ҡͷƹ֣ȴû˸ҶԿһôЩСӣĪ͹ɽʯ˲
ʱ΢ŵ˽Ƶĳ棺ˣһˣǽɽұˣûа
ǰһζϱ⣬ſǻûҵǿһ˵Ķԣǿܻţ


 10 

һͳ־ŲᣬѾ˵Ķӿܻţ˭֪֮󣬶ἤġ
ҿıʾһ飬һҲŻ鷢ΪһŮ䣬С˵дȫǴŮӽǳֻһģȻֻƬУʵļƶϣƶϳȫò
չǿǴѲһĸŮȥԼ׶ӣ˼Ҽֻ֮صԼļңȻѾͼԼòŮ㺣᲻£ŮƾܣƲԼ͵и֮ȥƷչǿͺͿһ˽֪೹׶Ͼ˹ϵ
˽һ
Ũʱ˵õҪչһӣʤˣ˵˼Ҳ氮
һҷãĻԼǷ˲˿˵ΪһЩͱ˽ˣһ̾Ҫط
һЩķԼԼӣȻؿʹ
ЦŶ﷼˵ҲˣɷȷûƬţɽɽǰȥ˿԰æչǿǹ¶ĸģ˵Ѿһˡ
˭׿һΪʲôסĹﲻţԼԼĶϱ̾ϢĿһıǿֻҪһڣҲؼҵģȥʾˣ˼һŮô֪ǹǿĶ
һЦ뿪߻﷼ʾǸ⣬﷼ʼնǵͷʲô飬СΪߡ
һ泩ЩڵϵļֱƵϲҲͦ˵ģ֪ԼĶû£Ҳ̫ҽϲɫ¶ԼϣϾпˡ
ҵĶǱİһùͷҲ˰
˵ضеĿ޳Ļÿǻһתˣµľͷʹôֳ⵵£ȶƺ˵ġʬһҳ²ǼҪҵڶ¡
ʱǿӲ˼УֻܵǰĿ޿ٲˡΧȺɢȥǼġȻרĵĴ⵵
һʵʲôһ̹ģȻһ˵ǣɷûͽһ̾ͳˡ
ҲԱߣ̾͵㵽һ㶣Ȼûýڣ̵ͷȥ롣
һش𣺡ͷȥˣһôڼûչˣҪԼķȥ
ӵһĨ죬ƻ¯޴İڶǷ˿ϣһƣһɬǡҲȥ˵ĺӺŮǣԼĺʳʵڿϧͰдؼҵˣʡһȥ
ϽֵģṩʢʳΪøɻ˳Щ˰ʳʡ˳ԣôǸɻЧʽۿۡ
˹ϵļ๤һְ𣬼ɹʳһûաûа취ڴʳֻ̽ʳؼȥ
֪ԼԵã·϶ҪˣʲôԵʳӴ̣ҲֻԼһˡ
ʱöӳ֪Ӿһ߳ܣٵпǽǣ̧ͷ⣬ľȸͷ͵طȥ
һע⵽ӵı飬￩һ£ͻȻԼδĴУ˵õľûչǿһϵҲҪóЯģºˣѾӵ͸͸ġ
ӳ̾˿ԺǱŵˣǼߴߴģ˶ˣܺõ쵼ǶأʳҲҪԼԱ
һæӵͷӦˣΨֶӳپʼ䡣
ӳʲô˾ʵԸ棬˵˼Ҳûˣһͳһǰһ·ϡ
ղлл㰡
ղŶԲ𡣡
ͬʱȻͬʱԭأתͷĿһӴȵĿ⣬̫ڵתͷȥ
ûжԲңղ˵ѸͷҶġ
һڳӵЦǵþͺãǵþͺãĻĽӽǱɡ֪ԼδΣȥı䣬ҲȷһܹرáϾǱ˶һʱ˲õŮˡ
ڴ˿̣һĶ߸質һģ̲ס˵Ķһ㣬̲ס߳ӣҲ̫࣬ʵǶӳͦõģеĶԱƽΪˡҶ飬˵Ҳûʲô˵ÿɣ˶ڸɣþò˼
һΪǳеĲ˳ӵСİοڳһǳðɡһ̲סǵԼ˸ޡ
࣬ιѸ˽ŭɽ˲֪ߣ
һԴȥһȺСͳأһԼûʲôﰵ⣬ԼҲˣôӳˡ
ȢŵԳʱݰ˭ܿϣ֮ϵҲֻҵǮûԵְɡ
һͣڳȢŵ·һѣ͹Ѹϵˣ¸Ȣϱˡ
һæסЩСԺ˵ԼƨɡɷӣĻԽԽãԽ˼˾͸
ǼϷȺС죬εģҲǽˣһ׮Ҳʲôݾ飬Ҫڸһ׮ţһҪø̼ڸǡ
Ⱥǣ˭Ҹһ仰Ǹ˾ͱԵǡ
ڴӦˣȸԾһҲ⣬תͷȴŴĿʮָӣӵ޷۷綼û͸һתͷˡ
һͷɻ˦˦㲻˵ôġ
ԶϲģһǿûǿͷˡӸʲôأôһ˵ˣ
ˣ
һЦһӦȥȻ֪չǿû˵¶ȫƻĺ顣
ţѽǿûǶǵĲǲҪջȥܵи³̡


 11 

һһǳʵ⣬Ǯ
ɽеˣҶ˲ÿҶһٶ飬һٶǴǮˣġչǿûֻܽǮƻҡ
һɽʬ嶼Ū֮عһ۵⣬Ҳۡ
ôأĪģһˣСûǲǮô˵ǹҵǮ͵ջ
˵ûأһȥ˵ˣأҲһȥ
˵ô죿
裬ţչǿСӻŻſ֪ǩֵվݣȥǼҪǮҪǻزǾ͵û¶
һԼǮԼĻҲֻһٶǮչǿ£ǮĿڴҲֻůһůȵչǿŻ֮
һ룬ЩǮƣʵǲûȥġΪʱչǿѾ֤ҲѾչǿ׷ظֻռ׷ѾҪϧʱԼ̫ɵ
Ǯȫ˿һϸĵ־ŵǮŵ˿һһ۽ǵᣬǿžͺãЩǮ׬ˡǮûԺǿ
һסů֣裬֪ġ㶼֪ЩǿĽԸûҵʬء
ȥɻĶĶκ˾ԲὫǮƺ׵˻ϵȺš
һǮõ磬ǹĻƷģȻҲҪǮ
һվݣȡ˲֮翪ӡĻƲǮǵʾɻ
˵ģչǿʬûҵҲûҵǻһĿǰǸôôȹʲôˣ˵
һֻýǮ˵ʵ̫뻹ǮģϱӶչǿˣչǿһŮӣʧȥչǿϸչǿǮˡ
һǰߴչǿţΪǮסˣû뵽֮ϲǮǸöȻԼģǽģǻöء
һţŲҴҵȥʱи˽סŵģϤСͻȻһЩôļ䡣
ĸˣʱ֪ԼǱģĸӦҲ֪ǾűԹʳֲˣСӳӣдŮڵ֪ܹ࣬ĸһЩȵȵȵȣ˵Щ滰֮ŵĩβص㣺࣬Ϊ̣ܽһЩһЩԼ
һЩ¼һЩϵĹٻһվڴԺ￴ţһɬɬԼɵԼֺ˸ʱĿһøĸ߿࣬߿֮ĸͨһжã̲סԼȫȥĸ
һֽֽŷԺ˵ۣ֪࣬ÿμţֻһⱡֽ֪࣬С¼ġ
һ̾뿪˱Ŀ⣬һصŷķݵϡбҪĸʮָӵġ
֪Ů֮󣬼̺ϵϵżĹػȥŶʯ󺣡ǵŮǵı񣬾ǲûദʱա
һԼĸ޻˵óİ飬οȫİĸ
룬Ҳ޹ѡ񣬽ץסչǿţ·ȥ»ɷԼΨһľꡣ
һӣȻظǰ·ֻϧԼССΪǾݣȴ˷ǣѿľء
Ҫ˵ʲôףֻǮƲ׵ģһڵӵʱľ͸һ㱾ǮȻҪһ׬Ǯȥ
ڰڿһתƣһɨأһӵġ
һȻԼﻹ̫̫һ벹ŵ裬ǸǮﲻգ˵ȹǿ֮ⲹŲʱ˵ǮأȲ㣬Ǯ׬ЩǮȻȹǿҪǮˡ
Ψһһֿ֧һˣȻԼ裬а˲ɻȱĽɫӣͺѧϱһ£Ȼǿڶӵϡ
ڵͷǺģֻż׷ϳڵɹĻƺɫûжµĺۼһŵһΪѵɫ
΢һҲףʱĿһҲԮ˵ʱĿһϷ硣
һ漴ף̳һֽˢˢд˽ݸţǰһϣ㱣ܣǰƷӰˣש߷
ȻһЩǣ׼ʲôΥ£סȥ͸ģɲǺġǿûڣǼҵĶɲΥĹ
һͷ룬֮󣬾һֱ飬ڼ﷼֮۶ϡĲϡһԷ޾
裬ˣǿ֤ѾҾȥ鱨棬ӦúܿʱҾͲռҵˣҲþö
⻰˵ģ·ڶŵסؿڣ϶𾪵ı飬㲻ǣ㲻ǡ
ǶԹǿ֣ϧŴܳȥҹǿְҹܵɽֻΪҵǿʬôϣʱ˵Ļ
һŵɻֻеԵȴ޻˵Ͼ»һ£ܴܲĵ˵ȥɡ˵໰ʵҲлԣһƭţȴ֪Ժöپ仰Բѣһʱ֮䣬Ĭ
ǸǿˣܿԼĶϱҶģҶģûûŮģᣬոʮ꣬ҪΪԼġ֤ټҲá
һæͷ˵Ҳԣֻû뵽ͷȥôһڡ
ģҼ޵Ķȥ
ЦˣôУҲû㣬ôأѽܺԼˣһбָء
һֽ㶵һȥóһЩɹ棬׼ԣô˵һЩЦָ˭أָϴָҵջء
Ȼָص΢Ц·ڳĳõδ
һţҲЦˣΣĻϣǺ£Ǹˣһ㣬ԼϣȻеˣûнʧ


 12 

Ϊҵʧ˵ʬ壬ĹͣſʼЩǽ˵尲õ¹ڣֵ졣
һһֱ뵽׸ʲô׬ǮķӰשĻ塣ǽЩ¸ǵģǷһéݣһ©ˮ
ð·ӵǮɣϾסĻչǿļңȵĸŮϣ֮ҶûС
ǿһʱû뵽ҪʲôĿǰĹȻڳܻ֣֮ǰᱻɽԱߡ
һֿʼʯʯӣʯóɹĴûиɻ˶һЩиȥһƬɢ
һƬɢ֮УһһģᶨӰһһͷĿΧģȤε˸롣
̫ʵˣʵĲһȫصˣڿҿҵ£ֻΪһ㹤֣һܺڵĴͷ
ò˵ϵĻʳǺãǲɻҲԣǴľڡ˶ôģֻб衣
ȻӲô룬ڿҿҵԼ£û˿ΪΧĻӰ졣δڣһ̾ãĺͳһ㶼һһС¶ô棬ֲ˼ôɹء
Ҳɵɣˡ
ǣɻɶãɷֲãָŸ๤ɵӣ
ĺ߹һʹЩĴЦ˵ɵСϧˣǸࡣ
֮䲻ʧȥһŮϧ֮飬·ֻҪӲǺ࣬̾ҪѹŮ޸Ƶġ
һһûһðãõʹˣĵȫ飬һǵãӷɻڴ֮Щͬϧҿ͸˲һѹŮ޸ء
ųһһˣˣ˭أָҲˡ
һһΣ˲ֻǿһĿǰʵڲǣû˸ȥȤӣǸ֪һֱţѵһϱֿڿ졣
Сӽ˺ˡ
κʱɫŶǵ̸ʣһ֪עѾΪ˱˵̸ʣǵۣߵĸһЩ
緹ʱͷ⣬͵͵ĽͷؼȥԡͷԵģСζ
Ļ򳤵İװֵģַͷģöٳԶ٣ͷʵĲźóԡ
Է㣬ûġ
һһƬ֮Уҵ˳ӣһʯͷϳԷ̧ͷһá
ΧǿϷˣʮֵĲڣ֪ôͷˡ
ڿһ һ㿹ܵģ´¶֪ʲôõӰ졣
ԴǴĻ֮о֮ͳŲɿƵķ񱼶ȥ֪ĳ΢ϵӲ֪Ϊʲôָоų⣬ֻĴ΢ϣ߳ܡʲôõأԼŮҲһϣԼŮݵǰ;޹˽һġ
վ۾Ķ˿оﻹС۵ȴԼӲ£
һһסˣͻȻԼһų⣬Ҳ֪ΪʲôһȥĦСӵԼＸִ˼벻ͨġϱ벻ͨⱲӶ˼ʮҲȻ벻ͨ
һɴֱӱԼ⣬ڴʯͷϣСԱߣʾ¡
ӿΧˣȻװ£ɶ䶼֧ţǽء
ûʲô׬Ǯķӣһȳ֮ʵûа취ֻųһ𷢲ƵĻóӳ⣬ӦñĵӺá
Ͼӵãʮ֮ǰΪ˱ʡ׸ֻҵڻС˼ȣȻ˲ֹһ
סˣ㽫ͷǿԥʵҪ㻻ֶһĻ
һʯڵϻȦȦʯͷϣؿѵĴۣ뵽ԼƶǮƶؼˡ
˵ĲǮ
һתͷ۾עųӣͼҵһ˿Ұ˿ܻ¶ףбǮģкܶࡣ
ϧʧˡ
Ѹٶ˿һĿģɫѸٳĵˮתͷ۾һ࣬ʲôӡ
һֱĿɿڴķˮг߻ʵʱʡ֮תϰٶֵףһٳΪ¿ʼļ˵ľдһ̳档ԼǺࣿ
һĶţΧ˶࣬Ҳۣתˣߺߵġ
ڿһ֮󣬳ӴһΧ˵ĵ٩İͷֻ뵽ĵȥͷҲʧȥΧ˵ĵ٩š
ȥĿһ˼⣬ʶеĳӲӦģ֪ӹǹһɺݾץסһƴϵҰģҲʮֿٱֻܿɷӼһĶֵҪǿöࡣ
ӵʲôʱأӻָ߿֮ûãΪ˸βŷġ˼ҲûдĻǵ뷢ƣֻ˳ˡ
ÿһе䣬źͳ˵ĲЩԣеԽܡ
лҪ˵л2020-03-04 22:03:29~2020-03-13 01:33:53ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹڿӲ 5ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

 13 

һֵҧһͷûע⵽ײһˣһ̧ͷüͷһŹ
κʱ˶ѿοʮַ˸ģüͷСǹײϵģ
һóеϷʣոտһ֮ӡʱɢ
ҵͷ飬ôһȺˣû·һȺåһʱûԹ߷й
һȺåϱӵѸʱ˼öˣûµġ
Ͽһ˴ֿڣͷǸüԶ˾롣ŨüֹµСܡ
һƬһӣһΪԼսľǰ˳Ĭʱ򣬱üͷɱ󡣿һĬĬͦΪԼ׳ͲԼĴô˫۾·ʲôԼǿ·ҷһ£ʲô˲ġ
һͷȻתˣˣһһҲûˣæŽԼķ˳ꡣ
Ⱥ˲å£ֲӶĵǲ춼ڴ֮й䡣ڹϸɻĥ󹤵ϷϷСϱЩһЩ˸һЩ˵ʲôʱͻ͸Ķӡ
һϸ˹Ⱥ˵һУ˵ЩҲзģҲбӵ˲˵ӣƽġ
ֻ֪ЩˣǾˮˮģһϱӺЩ˽Ӵ
ʱһԷһʣµͷлĵطһͷס
һô˭⣬ϵʱ򣬿һȥۼ֤ڹضССС
һȺ˾Ȼ־Ĭһƾɵ֧ڿյϣԱ˰װֵĴͷһӴ
ｻ˺ȻǰײһǸˣģͭɫǳİû˸Ҹּۻۡڵϵ׺ľʱܻµ䡣
һڽףһԱվţ⻹һˣԱ硣һˣͷȻڶͻʡ˵Ҳ˼ǮһͷһǮôͷһһǮ𣿹һĿڿһһ죬ֻһĿǮǺܲ顣
ȵ˶ˣһֻԣЩ⣬ͲԼô׬Ǯˡ
һǿֵͲ䵽ϣع
ֵͲʽģ͸Ĺͻҹգ䵽ȥʶüʼٸߡ
ȴ˵ɵģ˿ڣʱھΪ˵ϷŮ˵ģڵĿڲпڣǽåڡ
Ȼһ࣬ۼ֤˺ŵʱȻΪľٶʲôȻʱײȻۿҹæµΪͷֻܻȡһ΢֮ĪͶȺ˸Ĺࡣ
ǹЦСͦҰҹɵģ
һ仰ת˵˶Ǯɣҹģôֵ࣬𣿡
ԭĹͻȻһƬĮһϵЦҲʧ

ûȥˣһŮģôȥá߿㣬ܸϸһߡ˳Ӹŵơ
һһ˿˿Ĳ죬˵̬ͻȻÿһ޷
һֱЦ˳ͻȻһ˳Ӽ㲻ЦʱҲģѾЦ䡣˳ӳĬŵͷֵͲֱֱָԶ
һŵƹָķǲЩС֮ͽģǰĵƹָȷǸ뿪ˣ⼸³еķպܴ󣬴ʱһ˽͸£пܷ
Ӧõǵʱ䡣
и׬Ǯһ̲סʵ
Ȼ⼸ȻϵСå֪ҪǺϻҪʮֵġ
һ嶯֮˳ֻǿǵʳҲĿռ䵹һ㣬洢⣬ֻҪʣµľͼû⡣
Ǽ㶣ʲô׬Ǯ
ˣǻͷǡһ˵
콨ƲһЦоԼɵˣѾͷƬӣûг꣬ǳ֪࣬ߣôܿ˵ɷ¡
ϷŰĻشðضҲȷʱŴһɡ


 14 

Ǹ㵹ģȷǴλսĶɣʱģʡЩ۵ľٱǡ
һͷʾ⣬̤ɫԣͺ˳ڵϵֵͲƹ⣬뿪ƫƧĵطǰˣһٺ£ͷȥһֵͲĹҲѾʧ˿
عͷһƵ𣬡ôô
һСѽһ֪ס죬һߴӰǰǳӡ
е¶ˡһǰ棬ֱ˦ţղźûпӣʲôʱģʲôʱߵģôרŵԼģ
ôܣһ˦ͷںͳǶһ֣ǼʱͷгĶӡȻ˶֪ǹϵδϵĶӡŵĶϱĹϵĪ֮һŦ
һŵϵӰӣĺ棬ͷĽ£֪һֱ׺ĺ档оһĪ˵Ĺϵˡ
չ㣬Ұ£һһֱû
ŶһԵɣȻ޻˵ľأܵ˵޻˵ôŤһˣ˵ӦʹֺóӵģϾδȫʡ׸𵱵ءҪ˵ǱɣһǱɡ
ʵ벻ʲô˵ģ껹ûδĳȺƺһ͸ֻҪڴʱģһĶãرôԳжرԸδӦûʲôǵġ
ĸҪչǿᶨĺ飬ȻԸǡֻҪᶨĸųӴҵΪҵ۹Ԫϡ
һͷŽͷӰӣһΪʲô޷ȻȻĿѧƷôŮһأ
źۼ׾١
Ŀ̫ǿˣǿ˶ܿĿġһ˼ԼΪһΣֱѯʳûʲô׬Ǯǵģһ߳ܵס߳ܵĶš
ûʲô׬Ǯ⡣һŤͷ֣صĺͳ˵
ʵҾҸ˺ϻûб˼
ҵˣ˵Щȥ
¹£һ㶵ĵͷڷĵĳȥ˯ˡ
***********
˯ǰڶķңŵϴˮζǰ׸ĸζ
ǷһζǰƺֻҪһ־ץס֪࣬޸ĹѸܺÿߡ
һ࣬ûǰ;ܲξܱƼϴѧֵضһ飬ˣ̫ˡ
һָδץƮĶ漴۾Ľʵ飬ûбҪΪ߳ܣĺÿԼһ׽Ϊ̵Եʡ
*******
ڶ죬һĵȺͷĵط˼ȻˣŴûŹ
һЦü䣬ͳ˼ƻ飬ûŰŵĹд˼ƻ顣ͱܣ⼸˳ȥۣ⼸˻켣ڴ˶꣬Ȼж
콨žıʼǣдĻ¶һ֪࣬ı¸æʳ֣˵ȻǸ⣬ֻҪһЩҪαװȻµ׾ͻʲôģһעĿͻỵ¡
˳һԴͷȥ磬ϵȫ𣿡
ȻͷͰһƣϲȫҲῴƫ԰ɴ£ܲ³ŵģ콨룬û˼˵ԵҲ̫ûĻһ㡣
콨̧ͷһǳ֪࣬˶֪֪֪࣬ϲϵǣͲȷˡһܺߣϵʵ벻ڳһֻ̣̾ͱ˹ûдȥǽд˾ּֽŴȥ
ȼճһСƬƣȼ̡
ʣһֽŵĽǣȷϿڵ²˲ȡ
һʱʧʲô˼ѵԼɶУ˳
콨Ĭĵͷû˵㲻УһΣ˵һ㣬ǸɵɲʡʯӶ¶Բࡣ
һ˷ܵĵͷ˭˵أ׼
лл磡
ƺһ˲Ĩ̶Ʈˣ콨һ̻ң˵磬ǽйС
һĵͷʾסˣʱĳɹͻȻЩ׼˵˵ˣ˵ٶԱ֤䵽λұ֤ᱻ˲鵽㱻ҲһǸȵȵȡ
һĵ¶˿ݣȻͱһ¨
Ƕף͵ԹͷǶǮ
Ǯʮô࣬־;һ֣һŶԼˣҧŵϡ
һɵӣֻ¶
˳һ±ӣ磬ôİǮˣҪ͵զ죿
զ죬ܵ˺ܲԸһСС֪콨бֵһۣͷӵ
˳ҲʶԼʵĶˣڨڨ˱ӡ
һף۵ѪձϵʱûʲôԽԽոǼ˵ߣ̰ѱ¨ж
ȥӽռһ룬ͨӣռѾһСѵףһĸо۾ѰҪһطܿȫò
Լڵʣܶණ߰㣬ķ档ϧһûа취óżĻᣬûȥһõĸҲҡ
ʱ׼³ȴǸֳˣһ۾Ϳӡ
ӴƾɵĺĲŲĿһˣڽŲϷкŷֿķɣһĻˣȻࡣ
һƵӵϣδɵˮʶϴ˲Źġ
һԼһӣֱͦıӰͷûиɣԵ÷ǳɾԵÿһ뵽һ仰ֲ˹ɫ
վǰŴӾлعӴкͷǻطˣڱϡ
Ѿĺʹдкˣֻ¼ׯָҪǳ̫䵭˭ġ
죬Թˣ̲
æһȥ˹һŶߡֵȻһ㣬֮ˮ
ҲԶĵطţȻһ
һɻĻͷʱ򣬳ӵĽǣӦ㡣
һͦ˼ŵԣôƵһˣ϶ҲԳ˵ҪӦһҲûλôľӦ
ȻˣףҸæɡʹ㣬глġһű
ʹģͬˡ
лҪ˵дûд憪¡

 15 

һû뵽ԷȻͬ⣬Ҫͬôʹ졣
㶵ĵͷаɣ㣬˰٣ܻز
һյţܿɶԳӷӦĲתĵطȥһҪ͵ܳڻأȵңͻᱻﻹǱȽԶġ
·Ҫߴ죬СʱһһأʮСʱȥһôףҲֻڳһСʱ
˵ͨ߼һгͺˣгܽʡһʱ䡣ȻҲ𳵣ȥκεطҪŵģûнţĿǰҲ㲻ĿǰǸһг
ڶϣһ𴲣һƬľ֮ŵ뿪
Ѿܾã˾Ĭ߿ӽǶʮ׽ӹȥıϡ
һ󣬿СӿխʱƽͷʮĴүǵķһɼˣһôԲԲĺ￴Ӣ
֣ԱͷΪ˵СӵͷȻ©û˯⣬콥̫ĵߣһСӢĺĺ顣
ùұһɣ
ûҪ
ùұһ·һñȽǿӲҪ󣬻ûá
¨ִĳ˳ӵıϣһûа취ⱳͱŰɣ۵ĲԼ
һĬĬĸڳӵĺ棬ɫ·ߵҲһЩȴ·ϵˣ·ߵĵʱʱĿ¶Ŀ⡣
ٵʲô˭ļ٣
´µĵĻһģҲġ
һ˵ԻûһܵõӦһҲΪ⣬ӡ˾ôģʵͻȻһĶ飬ҪһǲǱʲôҰˡ
û´ˡ
ɶһΪԼ⣬û´ˣôôԸ
վסĿſһ۾˵ûһˣԺҲЩΣգסĵϼһʣǰ;ˡ
һȻԭ˼ǲµģֻҪסͺã˵ԼĵϻʲôϾֻҪ覣һ۵Ҳޡ
ڵĳӲܿóΪţСڿڹꡣ
һھ־Ͽķ̸һ仰ӡ̣ʱΪҪСɽһӣ˵û˿ĺΰ־򣬵ʱֻԱůͺܺˡ
һƾɵĹӣ湻Ž׵Ŀţһܣһʲôǰ;Ѿˣ֪سҲܻسǣ߿ҪƼţֵõңԼٲȡĻʲôûС
ӲĻͷһһ㲻ţ֪һͬ㣬ǾǲӦµɽʱ򻳱Ŷôΰ룬֮ԵģǶһһꡣ
ӿٵĿ˿һһۣ糿䵽ϣܿϸ޵ë۵ļŹ⡣
Ӵߵ𳵵ǰ棬𳵵ԱһС·ֱߵĻվǳȴͣˡڶЪϢӽ˵ǰǻ𳵡
һݹȥһƿˮŵоˮˮİˮʮ壬ˬڻʡ
úǸԼһʣµĶݸӣӿƽӹȥ˫ţ⿴һССڵһˮ̲סӿźᡣ
һûע⵽ôǻ𳵣Ҫһƶ壬˵ʮѵġг̫ÿܱȥʱܾʮֵĳһŲֽŵСڹһ㡣
𳵾͸ˣԼХĻ𳵴ϣȻ촦ĿԡԽԽ£µĺëֱ
Խȥ룬Խ뵽гʵڷǳľִ٣ÿΰ迴֮󣬶ᳰЦβܵӵĳЦɡ
СĿӣȴڱˮҲ֪ʲô
һôȰǲϲ𣿡һΪɻ󣬲֪ΪʲôӣܾЩŤ󣬷·һߵСϱ
һҲղҪΣյ飬жӡ
ڴڴڵĺˮһˮӹš˸ӣϡӳӣ⺢̫ܺˣһȥˮһԱߵССĴ˱ã̲ס
ǻʱĽлҪˣñõҪϽãʱﾭзţϺڴ·ϷǱȻҪѵġ
кһ˵ˡ
ȻңŵǹŨŨúζͷͲĹŨ̺Хųֹ֡˺ܾã𳵲ڳǰ
һ
𳵵ٶҲ̫һ㣬ˣȫʱѾ٣Լһûأܶûе磬󲿷ֵĻ𳵻úģúĻһȱ㣬ٶ
ӱŶʮصı¨һԾϣֽýȥһֻ롣һΪԼıЦˡеľѾ˺ܶ࣬Ѿ̫ûΣյˡ
ȥ֮ƽεĿ⿴ߴϿȥһҲýȥ
һسƤǵ겼Ϊ˹̶겼ڻϹ̶ӣ⼫еĦ£ǳ׾١
һʱűģҲˡ
Сӣ̫ˡ̲סδĴгԲѷ
˵֮̾ʶԼ˵˻ôҸδĴô˵Ժ벻úõĻˣ
˭֪ϾȻ˺Ц⣬ȴֱǿΪƲĸоʡʱ䡣
һ˲øеľ뿿࣬Ҳܲ˴ķ˶һ࣬խĳǰ͹ƽģӦ͵ĳֹߣ겼ŵ״ҪôǶϣҪôϡ
һñϣ棬Ŷȡ
Ტûװ֮һĸ߶ûװ÷ء۾Ż𳵵ԱߵľɫȻʱʱı𳵵Եİɰڵ
汲ĵطڼţԣսµĹҵĽҲҪƬƬϵһֻеʱ뵽յδһûϣ
ԼҪ̫࣬˵ˣֻҪ̫࣬ܺúõȥ
רעȥɫɫˣʻĲ죬һۿЩ˵ٻǸ㡣
ͻȻһϤӰһܳӰ۾ӰԼĴûΪգ۾ʧܺã˵һźԼΪƵֻǱȼǰʱڵĲ١
Ӻԥ֪֪࣬࣬㿴˭
һůеȵѾ˯ˣԺıӽѣȻ˳ΧųƤ˳ųָķȥ
һȺ˵ˣʲôرģ
ҿʲô
Ǹ򿴹ȥֻһȺɫ·ıӰոտˣ·Ǵ
չǿ
ͻȻźĽһǼ˵ıӰԽԽԶһ˻ͷ


 16 

һ֪ӿ˭ˣȺ˵ıӰ֮УûмǴĻǸ˾Ⱥ棬ֻʧȥ˼䣬ûõġ
﷼ĸŮչǿ֣ͬ־﷼ʮãӮ﷼İĸ׿ϣദʱǳĶ࣬Ǣһдľӣչǿ﷼֮˵ʲôֿɰرĶġ
ǵҸǽʹ֮ϵģǻҪվڵµĸߴԼ޹ԭǾǲ
ǵչǿʱչǿɣȻˣǲûз޹ϵ֪ģʵϣǲʶ£²Ǿͽˣʲôء
ȻһʹᱧǸĿ
һסƶķ羰⡣
ģڻЩ飬ﻹǻѹһ˰̣ԶϣǺչǿûи飬ǲȻϡС۰ɡ
ȥãһŷס۾֣Լ˼Ŀһע⵽Ա߻һˣǳӣԱ߿һĵǡ
һ͵𳵻ͦģܿ·չǿڵСֵһµĵص㡣ͣ
Ľ֮ͣӲ˵չǿĻţΪʲôؼأѵĶ𡣡
һųӵĲĲʮֱֵͦĵطֱͦùĵĶͷڹţҲǺܱǶǡôģܴ濴Ļݵû⣬˵ģ岻ʱĸһͷƺҲпԭˡ
ӿſһ䵭ı飬ڹı֣ΪʧٵɷðսȻ෴ڶݵ֮󣬺һ²ؼӡ
һ۲쵽ڿԼգգ۾ųЦ
ӣ
ţһΪ˵ĳӻع
ȵȥѸոռ˵ȥ𣿡
Ӧãɡԥţ֪ԥ׼Ǹʲô˼Ͼһô飬ǲ˵ȥġ
һʧı˱۾˲˵һҪ˵裬̡밡չĺǷּˣ̵ΨһĶչǿʧˣ㿴ӰǲӦøһ룿
ӳƵĵͷ֮Ҳû˵¡
һĵţ뵽δҪǶ鰮ĹŮķĲСĵϣһʮôʱǳԹϵʱ򣬿һ̴ϣ˸ˮ
ֻһС룬ʣµȫӰԲˣ󣬿һųӵĶӣƽ̹·θһ޵׶һ㡣
ϵ֭ˮģӵпɵķۺɫ
һָЦ޴ĿӣϺɣΪѸٽϣ˳ԵһǱ
һĨһԼǣĨһѣĬĬĽѷŽԼԺ
ӿĶҲĨһͬλáɿһЦԼʼʰƤԺˣ˼ҵϣ˳ȥģ˼ĽͲˡ
һ黹㲻˵ţø
ûзֹһ棬ɮƵģһ㹥ҲûУͺһʶĳ̫Ĳһ档
ûʶǸ߲ʵĹܳ׸ӣķ·ƶ˵ӣѾ飬𽥱ũСӡ
˭лʹйͬɳģһ޲롣
ܿ͵˵ط˸ˮԼʰɾȻǡ·ϱԤп˺ܶࡣʡһʱ䡣
ڻ𳵻δվʱ³ģʱ·վ涼ǿӵŮǣëˣŵӣű¨
˶࣬Ⱥǲûж
Ӹһ黨ŮĮĿǣ黨¶һǡ
վܱγǽ׵ĺУͨĴ׶СǿһĿĵز
һʣ㣬֪Žôߣ
ָ·´ȻһѳԼӣһ̾͸ϣҪҪٻ¥ģζģСϱ򡣡
ιСӣϱɣŵĺӶ򡣡
һ̾ͿӱķɫһҲܿ֡һЦˣɲˣǮһ飿
ֻҪëǮһ飬ûģֻ˺ۣνĲдƷˣǰٻ¥ġȻҲΪƭ˵ģһԼ£ϷĳһһЩ˵ԭνĴƷβܶ
һųҵطǶʮ͵˳ִһЩ񣬶룬ëȥ
ʮɣȫһԤϡʱʮɵĽŲߣԴ͡
ӾһͻĻһ仰ԣ˵ʲôʲô
ǿһųӣķݡ
ʱǵĹʺ٣ǷһҲ٣ʳΪһЩʲôģҲѾܾˡ˸λ
ȥҪ˷˷ܵ£˵Ƿ꣬ʵͺĽֱСĹģʱѾʮֵ棬ĴǹˣˣŶʮֵ棬һҲС
һܿע⵽ŵ⣬̫ˣųҲ˼·ôպϰɣһͦŵģʲôûһ㶼µġ
Ĵһӣʱ仹ʮһ㣬ڻأ˾ôˣҿ磬˵ĺرóԣҪһݣһĻƹϡ㻹ʲôһҪһ׷Ӧǹġ㣬ǳ˳ԡ
һͲˣҿԡ
һ˷ܵıסͻȻʶĿǰһһеСӣǸѲġ
ͻȻ뵽ǰԼųӿס׾ٵľ͸˽̫̫ɾѼ֪ΪʲôһĪˬС
ڴлСŵʱڵĦĦĸоһųӳγ۾סԼӵ˼һܿ۵׵ľȡ
ûϵæʱ䡣һٷһ˰ʱ䣬˹ǺܹŶ׵ģܶٷܰѷӸֵǮġ
һҸɻҪܷģйǮãǲǺܻ㡣
ӻ˵ʲôǿһʳָϣ£ʵڲʺڹۡ
ܿ췹˾ˣķ󣬿壬һĺζʹеζǼ⣬һ˿ˮ
еķĳ棬۾Ҳû뿪⣬Դڳͳ롣ڿԴá
ȳһڣƤʮ־ʶ壬ҲѾˣһã֭׷ϣȰһ裬׷ϲΡΡһоͶϡ
ĳڣоһһֱ̧ͷӣҲڳԣԵĿȴ³ܸоڳԷ
һͷǵĽ֭ǵĿ·ûˡԶϣһԵľûôĿ죬ζ
ܿҵǵĿԴͷһ̧ͷȥŮб෽ָָ㣬Լ̧ͷװµġ
һĿȥ̾ϳŮеһˣ﷼
ֻһ棬ҲǴڻǰ棬£ּˣɼԵ֣ϱô֪¼Σ˴˶֪иάϵǰľȴǶ֪ġ
һʱ÷˶Ȼζû˼д﷼ǶôĴȻʲôƻ˵Ļӵ˾Ȼڣ⣿
ƬˣؼҲӦñȶˣð˻˰ɣʲô˼


 17 

˵ʵһϡչǿˣʲôĻǾ뱨ȥǵλõߵߵչǿҲһֲʵζ
һܿͳԱˣʱ俴ųԡ
﷼ȻʱʱĿϲ棬С棬һݲ˶ûУǷǳõĳԷȫ׵ʱѾʮݳޡ
ǰһһݴݵ׷˵Ȼ
ӳȥһ룬һ룬룬ͣ׷ʣһ룬Ҳʣһ룬زˣ˸⡣һҲֻʣһ롣
ûйϵԴȥᳫԼ˷ѡ
ԺˣٳһɣʣôأһãûгԱʱĴУΪӵⲻҳԶ࣬ôоܵ˵
ھȵĳӣʵͦ˼ģðɣһҪϣĶȤζֱҪͻˡ
ֲɷڻңһڻҡ
ҡҡͷʾˡһһʣµķˣ֣÷Ա
ԹķһǿյģһӶûжܿǳнٲҷķûȥԣһ˿ûϰġ
ʱȴԱһһ仰࣡
һ۾ȥǺ﷼һŮӣ˿̷߷߲ƽǹӪ꣬ҪڵϺݺݵһڡ
һ
ëİҲˣǺ﷼йأȻʶһľ󾢶ˣҲԼһ
һ̴£˵˭أʲô˼ǲǹĴ˷ʳ
ŮѾŭķˣ˵˭˵ˣԼԺ˭
˲ҿԼ﷼һԷҡŮֱۣϢˡ
ޣϢ˵ĻղžӦùסԼӣ﷼ҿͬͲìͷ׼ԼһС롣
ҶԺʲôѽֲֻ棬Ѿˣ۾ҪѪˡǺǡ
ĺǺǼֱǴɱһѧŮ۾죬ʮֵ
ͬʱֻһǣĬĬԴͼСԼĴڸС
ôô̱Ͷ񣡡Ůˡ
һͷԼ·ﲣĵԱ߸ĿһУŮĻ˻ȥûָյ˵㣬Ժʲô
ԱϽˣŮӴԲһսۣһԼûӮ¶˵ŮóסһŴõķ߳꣬ʳ̾ڵСŮӴ
һͦأη壬ѾԱˣ֪ܲܳԵȥ
ŮĳԲȥ﷼˵䣬ѽزʶģԵö̱
ѾĨᣬʱ˼Ȼ̧ͷǶ﷼ŭˣΪ㣬Ҫ쿴Ƭ˵ڳׯʱ۸㣬һͷ
﷼ҧ촽˶Ƭһ˺Ƭֻʣ¿һԼһʱ俴ڿƬ׷֮£ûסƬŮĽû뵽ˣ仹ǸƢ̾ͷпԡ
﷼ͬʱһ˿صңҿһûǰչǿʲô¡ҵģһƬʱһ۾ϳ˾ԼҼ
ڿ죬ʵĹģ﷼ҪҪƬʲôˡǾʲôû˵
ξʹ֮﷼ſļһôףôԵ˵ӣ˭һ𶼲Ҹġ
﷼ĬĬ߬Ƭһţ˵ϵĲ
һ̯ˮ֪ĸʳµģƯĲҶ˭˲ˮ﷼ۿһ̯ˮĽ鶯Ⱦ׵һ
һųӳȥ˵ӮˣȻܡ
οڳǰܣ𵱳Լ֪չǿȻ﷼ŵʱʱֶƵĻˣչǿΪ˺ӣҲӦģȻ͵͵
Ъ˹ĳһͷ󺹣Ŀ
չǿĮĿ·ڿʲôªĽлӣô㴦ȥԼվӣڵӡ
һǲ̫õһУڵͷҸղǲͦģøһ
ֿǸŮĲųµġ
һЦˣĵģǰˣȥοգȥָһ˵ˣάԼ
ͻȻãΪչǿ˷һ˿ĸ飬Ǻ޺ͲʣûбҪˡ


 18 

ʣµĻһʱ䣬ֻҪϹ֮ǰصͺáһôȥˣǿﹷۿ˵͵ӣԼǸũ񣬻ЩǵǡһЩϾüˡ
ĺţŴõķˣСһġǹ˰ٻ̵꣬һ鲼ȷģǳʵãũҪһֱɻʲôʵĴ޹˼ͱ̫ͺˮ޴ڵĦ˺Ĳӣʱֲϵлɵġ
һǲ¶ǵĲɫ˶ϲɫһ԰ڣÿ~Ҹ÷һ¾ܴԼǮ~
һ˵ֻҪҲ϶ĸ࣬ʱҲҪһж֪𣿡
һİĺôʱĵүõڵϿɣ롱õְҵٻ̵Ĺ㣬»ģйĹˡĶǳϾţ㲻ʲôù
֪ʱҪ˵ӣһѵ顣
ǴЦҲ֪ûȥҲ˵
һβӣ˸ۣúɵ˷ĭеѽܵóԹûǮĽѵſ϶һš
ٹţһֱǺǮģϾչǿǮһֱȻչǿȻϵķޣ﷼ǮԼˬ
кܶǮҲȥʵƱ֤Ǯģʽַ侭֮£ٶǮҲ򲻵ٵĶϾʮֵϡСһٷһ㲼ϣĴʣ޼
ֻǮĻֻȥأԾᣬҲûȰʲôָָŵķʣµһʹ׷ôȵ²Ҫˡ
һֻź뿪ȥʱȻ𳵻ؼңʡ˲ٵʱ䣬ȥʱ򣬻ʱ
˻𳵣һϻʣµķ˶ӹпռһԴźܶĶȻšУ˹ԷǽͰʣ
׻˵ɩĸ˵һɩԲ˳ȻΪԼжϡﻩġ
ڳӵͷ֮󣬿һʲô
ӣɶ
һţչǿ¶ҪôҶ֪û
ڵõ϶Ļش֮󣬿һŷȥ˳Ĭԣ˶·һ㣬ǿһ֪ǷǳسŵˣӦҪ飬һġ
Ҳض飬һĺܣȥʱǺŸ˿ĵ黹ں棬ǻ磬緹ûпȵϹǶ¹֮ȥһ緹ȻԵıģɱ˲ռײռͷȥܻء
ûпӵӰҲ֪Ϊɶͷֿϧġ
ȵʱ򣬿һҵ˳ӣ˲˼ķǺӵһҲġ
˶ŷȻ˵ģմʯĭǿһȻһ۾Ϳεĺס˵ԴƽһӣΨԴʮֵ
Ŷһ˶߳Χ۵˷ζЦݣǶһѾֲˡ
ߵСһڳеķˣ˿һЩʱµˡ
һϹʱİԣ˵˸ɻģʳﶼɻȴͷĽ취Ժͷˣԡͷţˮˮķˣܲ˰ɡ
һųˮһ˿˿ۣͳЩ
Ӵӱǻ﷢һţʢĴʦ࣬ͷʱҲһЩˮͷǺǽҲľˮѾϰΪżȻӦȡ
֮Ȼ෴ǿһ룬ģһЩ˿ӳ֪࣬ƯСܻһŴġ
һĬĬĽԼƸȻó׷ɷǳĳ֣ϲʹ׷ԡ
˵ţֲݾܾͳһǮǽҰæĹǮ
Ȼ֪һ˻ʲôǮǿ϶һǮ࣬ҪΪֺɽһѪ
Ǿ˺ôһžһʴĿһǮһͥµĽãȴƾˡ
ֲڵָϸϣᶨݾܾܷ͹ˣҲûʲô
ðɣһոµĿԸһǮŽڴģʵˣҳµĵһţͷϱʾǳźʵһϲǮҲأһǮʮƱټһǮԳ档
ֻĻôһõĻϴ·Σһ˶´ࡣ
ȻӾͿϲŽһǮַŽ˶ҡͷʧЦȴֽѹס˹ʹĺ
һͳƷУģһ⣬һ׷ʮֵȣȻĹ󣬿Ȼʳ
ðһڵĳ⣬ԷȽ磬Ϊ˳һ㹤ӳٵ˵㣬Ѿǰ󱳡ĺһڣǴС
ͬڳӵ̻ʣһԵϸʵģ۶õʳϰ߶Ҫ֤Ȼֵģ˾Ͳÿˡ
ĵĺܣӣ̫뿪һĹ˶֪㿴չǿҴģģһĶңôģ
฾ңʵʵ˵Ӷһ£ƺڹ۲һķӦһ㲻ãǶ֪һˡ
֪һǲǸ˼ҾͿԼˣ⣬ûϵԺҪȢϱ͸˵һ֤˵Ưܸɣ
һһøжȣϲӣϳɵĵ䷶е׼ʲô˼˷ܵ˵꣬ûӦ͵ģεͷ
ã㲻УҾȢϱ޹ءĪЦһԼҲһ㲻˼ӣԼķ
֮ճĬһһﹻԱģ˭뵽ǰĳôԱʵӳһݣһ̣ϵĲԶһ㣬治ʲô
ʱ˵ںźԽԽ٣ǻʱûһġЩƶũֻܻЩҵĴС㣬ҵĴСǺ࣬һһڵϣ׼кһ¡
ʲ׼үûʲôýģƶũĹҾԲ޸ˣõ˵˵
˳ĬųԷһһ룬ҲԲȥθ̫СˣóԶһ㣬ŴһУȻϸ첲ϸȵģһĻ۵ʹ
һʣµһ뷹ǰһţֻһ룬һȻؾصƷһ㶼ӹȥԡ
ϵǹҹУ˵һٷ˳ԵĺɫĺϣһƬ֮ܽ
һĿųһһڵĽ˳ȥѾȻ׷ȥһģθ·һڶôĶȻʮֵƽ̹
һ⡪ӣڷ֮󻹼סԼǿĵõϾڵǮҲô԰
㶵ʱ򣬳ѾԹ˷ԾĽеȥӱϴ
һ죬ϾӴˣǰ򣬻еܵܣûһģοôԾ񡪡˭ôи޸ѽͷһðһѰ˼һȦҲûҵʵѡϱӳǰ㰮ڵʲϮˣʱûŮ˿ϣеŮˡ
ӺܿͻˣձϴĸɸɾƷСݶƻƵĽӽ͸һֺܺóԵĽ
ֱű¨ȥ콨˳ǣڻζǽζ
֪࣡Щ͵ϵط˳Ӵ
һع¨һʮһ㣬ǲûжܶࡣüڰɣôһ˸ֵû𣿡
ղǾ͸ëǮӵĹǮܳһˣǮֻڳԶٷģ¿һı̲סд˼ƻ飬⣿
Ϊֻ̽ͻкܶͣû뵽ۡ
콨ܲҪǱĶͱ
һװµĲʾֻС˼Ȼֵõһ
ûͷǻʣôһǲ֪ʲôطһף֪ǾԲصûСһ콨ĵĲ˳ӿϴɫҲÿһġ
Ҫ̰ðɣϸˮ߰㡣
ðɣһεЭˣʵٶһ㣬ҲԿߵģ֪ҪһĽһڳԲӡ
ǲý׸ѽ׵ʱܲܰ磬ûж֯ҪաͳһŽᣬǶжն٣ǮĻٸǲ
Ǹ콨Ӧˣſ뿪ûгڵţû˵ʱ򣬽׷Žռ첽߻˯ĵط
θʲôóӰæأ˯ǰһ˼⡣


 19 

ʵһҪģһ£ôٵ⣬һǵһΣ˵˵ˣһΣֱҪ˲˵ӵ쵼ҲҲ֪ôٵģ֮У˯˹ȥ
˭֪ڶϣС꣬Ʊ󣬻˶żˡ
һҵӣʰϸ棬󲿷˶׼£ʰŶ˸߲ҵҪؼҡһߵƬǰԶԶľͿʰ̸ǣ㣬һҲһӡ
ŪףҪҪһȥҲûʲô飿һǰֱʵ
޴̽Ŀɨһ͵ûпȴҿĿͣĴľ棬ҵûؼңȥˡ
һˣ˻ԣͻ̬ȣȻĺ룬һ㶼ĥ͸ؼö೤ʱѽ죬ʣµİһȥɣ׬Ǯٲġ
ǳȻΪһԥҪؼңûգұ˰ɡ
һóģĥӲݣһܾͲ֪μȥ
ԱߵĲݴ֦ȦȦ췢չĺúõģһԷǮҪһһѺصľɡص֧ڵϣӲİԼ׳һĢ
ǸСѸҳˣС޸ǳ
ɶõģ˵СѸôң
ߴȻСѸָˣסˣЩôôأ
Ǳ˵İȻڳҲԼʲôǺ࿡
ҲǣǰͷǸľͿҲˣ׵ܵܣСӣٺٺٺ١
Թ˾ǰֵģ˻Ůˡһüͷһȥ˵ԽԽİ ˵ɩɼ飬վ׼뿪
ȭͷϵȻһƬɧңСô£
ཬĽһ𾪵תͿӺЩ˴ӷ·һŭСӣϵĺݾǰδ
ȫȻֻܴԷһҪԷһѵһҪĽѵܿΧ۵˻عϽܡӱŸ첲ŲѾЩѪ۽ҲѾˡ
˭Ҳû뵽һʵĳӻͻȻ֮ˣôݡ
һ룬ܳӲԸٸһԭҵˣ˺ԿηϾһѸǳӻһСӣҪȢ׵ġ
ܿµĹǳʵô¡
ȴ˵ľͽǡˮ˳ͷ˳Ľëȥգһ۾
һɡ߹ȥɡͷϡľ첲ŷ֣Сĺܸߡĵ˹Χ۵ԽԽˡ
ӼҪΧȺ۾˸ŰԵĹ⡣
һʣô˵Ϊʲôǣ
һɡ˸һСС磬һںڵĴǻ˶ȣԼ˵ķŭ
һǻĺƽˣһ˵ҲûãôŰɡ
Ҫרһ˼ֲˡ
Ĺ֣ҽҩѣ
˻߿࣬˵ʲô˵ŻȭͷͳϹˣСӲƽߵȵȵȵȡ
һšһѴȣ۾ðỨ˺ұҵģ˵ҸСһȣﻹɲģ˵˵Ҹһˣ˵չǿҲı˭Ļⲻ𣿡
ûˣĳңҲΪǰԵʣôҲ֪ôôǡ
һ˵˵žʵҲȣ۾ỨԼӿί
ʵû֮ô˵ҥԾǴģһδεĴ֮бΣϴ˵ĴһЩɫ룬ɹȺڴģ̼ӡ
һŮˣһʧȥɷĿŮˣܵõͬ顣
οôĺÿӺһ۾ǹ㣬·𲻿ظһ㣬˵һ˷֮ˣѾʼʡԼˣԼȾһ㲻˼
˼ҵ˵ֲֻ˼
Сûһŵģϴ˵ǿϱӣͰһٴ򡣡
ƶʱתˣ쵼϶ʱΪѵɫȻһѹʼϡࡣ¶߶ռ˵ûΪ˵ǳӰǿ϶ģΪ˵ˣ͵ñ¡
˸ʮ壬ӱͷһΪһֱԵʣ˵˼ɢˡ
һΪӳɡ㲻һ𣬾Щ˵ѽ
Ƶģͷ֮ҡͷҲǣĵûؼңڼҡ
ðɣһվһ˳ĬĿԣÿ˵ҭһ룬ȡһ£ңһʮأûңԼһŪ
˵ұ˰㡣
һ
⻰ôӣô£ÿ仰ܰ˵ѵһ£ǺҵʱҲô˵𣿡
Ȼô˵ģȻΪʲôҪڰ·ϵȻôȥ
ۿӳĬһ˵Ҿ͵ҹ֤׬ֵǮࡣʱ䣬һҾұ˰æȥ
һɡҲѧˣԼ̸ǻؼңǵڸߴˮµҲ˵ĵġ
·ˣʱؼµϸܣģվһҪ˽ʪ͸ȥʱ򣬽Ѿȫˡ
żЬףæĻƷŵһԣӹȥˮſһ˹˵ĺˣŸݹһ
ˮ¶ǣ˶ˬһĹһͷϵĳʪʱҲӶˣʱԵˡ
һǰɫŷ⣬īɫĸֱˮļ֣дǣһաǴӳĸĹġ
һٳٲӹŷ⣬ֽŷǰ˻ΣĹģŹ͹ȥһʲôأ
ʲôأûʲôµģмµĻͲдŵķʽˣ籨绰дſһٱ
һţȻȻЩ׵Ļ߿࣬˵ӣһѧһûйôĲס
ǱҪúõչԼѰһᣬÿһس
ЩѾˣ翪ʼһֱĻνϣԼ˵ʲôأѾһ԰׷ģĸǶϲһŮȥ԰׷ġ
ŵĩһ䣬ǰδеģʽ漱иԣϣʮǮ

ʮǮ


 20 

棬ĸȻǮϱûе¡
ϱӻûеȸĸڽ裬ֻҪĸһ߿࣬æļǮȥ
˵㣬Ǹ˸˵һ㣬ֺ˸ⶼͼݵʱ򣬿˵ġ
ǮĸǱ߿϶Ҳ֪ģҪǮҲǲ⡣
ţĽۺãŽȥ
ûʲô£ҰҹĺòãҵȻŸǾͺˡ˵ţҪء
ֽŷīǾдɣд˳Ҹţ棬ǣ㣬յţǸöż
һκβãֻĿŽֱʵīˮãֽϸϸĲ˱ͷϵīݵ
һűʣʾ֭Ӧøĸ˵ʲôأ֪ԼŮĸĸس￴ǣ˵Ǵ硣
һűתתʵڲ֪дʲôתۿһİߵ㣬ҧĺѾǳˡ
˼Ƭ̣дչŰװĸĸףһжáԷס޶ӦţҲ䲻šӣÿ֮к뵱ţʵڲĿֻ࣬ŮȥĶ࣬ҧֻ̣õ㣬Ǿ̫ˣʱ㡣
չǿܲûȥ屻Ψģܻš
ûйҵȯ޷򵽷ȹҵƷʵѰϣĸܰһЩ
һдЩʺ˵ܵãۺãŽŷװá
û¨ﶼʲôûжʣ绹һͣġ
һͦģʵǱҲۣƫƫž˶˺ܶĺóԵģҲֻЦˡ
ҲûʲôҪæģԺﶼɨĸɸɾˮףвѲһȦûʲôҪģŷǳڿ죬һֱ֪ġչǿǸУŵϱ
ӣˮһεε£ֱ߻ŸϹӡΣ硣ֻҪʱʱĸУŵ۾һ㻨׼ȷĴһѡ
ŸҳúõĳԷҪԼȥҪӵȵȵȡ
һţżͷ
֮ʱǰһӰűⵣȥǳӣ
ģҪȥˮ
ֱ̽ͷȥȻͷķȥˡһˮžવεĲϣһ۵˵⺢Ӹˮأʱ˶ˣ֪ѳ¼ҵľˣҪͷ˳ˮ㡣
һ֪ΪʲôһҪؼˣҪؼˮһЩ
һҲ̾Ϣһ̾ϢʲôأȻ˼ҳԿ࣬ȿ𣬺ͷء
̾ϢԼǣҪǮûǮҪûˣҪûңǿɽɽˣ˵ĵ䷶һɡ͸ȥˮ֮£·Ţģڿ˼ǰɽʯ·һЩ
Ǵ˲ûЩһǰҲûôе˼ôسǣôҵһõˡ
һٷ˼ԼڵãŬķȷǴģӦÿԼҪسǣҳйĺһ㣬ԼȥӦüϣڱˡһų˳ͷˮ飬ۣǰȥҪôˣʲôΪѵģҿ԰㡣
ǣһĬĬĸĺ棬˵ջʲôû˵
׺ôһˣôûз֣ʼԿһڸŽɣԼ֮ͣ󣬺Ҳͣͷǳԡ
һשߵſͣ£שȵķƬͣȻǰһ֮ҡ
ʯһСС̨ףȥһżżѾĥķǳܿѾµĸʴֻŶ絽棬ˮͰԣתˡ
գ޹۾Ц·ץסٲһ˵顣
Ҳ֪˵ʲôã𣿡
һСһĵͷæȻܳʱҰæˣԲԣ
űⵣ³ʪĸо˵廹鶼㲻Ͽĵһ˿ԼԼðͷ
ߵ̫ãá
һźصֽɡø첲Ҫ۶ˣֽɡ쳣Ĵִͱأͨɣʵˡɡڼϣ͸ɡܣܿڲ˵̽ĺ۾
ɡܲܽ˵
Ȼá


 21 

һϲЦտȥɡպõʱ򣬳Ѿűⵣݡ
һһԺ䣬ܿóĻԻͣݸߴϣС䣬һðһͲԺʯԺһӣһЩˡ
ﴫ϶Ӹ˭ˣ
һɡͷϣɿܹȥ̣ǿһǳӵѡ
һ鲢ܿۼˣԵĺʹ̫̫̫һ˸ͦһЩϵĲһЩɡ
ĵ̫̫ʮֵĿѵӸͣ㵹衣
һú¯룬ССú
Ѿˮݣ˿һеĲ죬͵岻ã䡣
һ̫̫һϱûô̫̫Ӵ̫̫ȥˣֱ̫̫ȥžó޿ϴ£ʱ˲н
̫̫׳ΪɺǸӣ˵һ㶼᲻ֻƽʣصԼļҡ
һ뵽Լ̣ϧ̺͹ˡƵ̫̫ϧûмˣҵõҽ̫̫ܶأ
̫̫Ѿҳˣʵ꣬Ｘӡ
ڵϣЩһ㣬ſһʹɫϧϢʧܣһֻź̫̫˵
ѵг֪಻ǼӸϸѣﳤ濡ǰԶԶļȻû˶
ѾƲסˣӲ֪࣬ȥŪһЩ㡭
һ̫̫Ŀ佱֮Уô˵̾ѹԼǸʲôģҲӰæҪȥµģǰɳӣ
һ۾ûõҪĻӦӴķȥˡ
̫̫һԺǺǵЦ·𿴵ʲôȤĻ档
һųˮˮģһһȵӣһĵӡ
һСѵĺϹһﲻ֪ʲôũҷõġӳĬ𣬽Ӳַŵߡ
һҲڿǰæͻȻ˵ԺҪҼˣᡣƵģ͸¶ż

Ǹոݵʱ򻹺úõڹϵʱҲû˵ѽһɻץͷҲ벻͸⡣
ɰͰ͵Ϊʲôѽ
ᣬá
һţĲһˣɷܣ˵ңһ
ǳĬڳĳĬֱϱչǿܵ䱩չǿǶ֣ԿޣڳһʹĸоϾӲʲôˣûз޹ϵ
ڿһĵȴȴһĺľþ˰ɣ㲻űôԺΪǮˣжرô㿿ԼⱲӹҲ̫
Ȼ˵ˣҪᣬ㻹˵ô࣬㡭
Ŷ~һĹװ٩һ٩ӣżҸеϵ
Ϊ˱ΣһЦһȻʱѾεͷ˿еط죬һ϶ԥȥ
ʱĿһĪ𵱳ͳӱʼлʱ򣬻йںĹѸҥԡ
ĪͷչⲽأôģһɲӵŶ󣬻˵ͳôһΣ˵һãߵһȻõġ԰鲻ʲôϣһûһء鲻óԶҲɿ
һĬϣʱʵ㲻϶ˬ죬ݳĸ첲ּŸɲ񣬽ʰɹ˳һѣջʱҲһЩ
Լƺ˵ʲôǺͷĿһ䣬һӽıǡ
ǣҾͲˡ
רʰ궯ͻȻסţûеͷҲûҡͷ
һأ˼ţԺҲ̾ˣҪʲôæģǰģҶ԰㡣
ӵ˵ͷһų˿̾͸Ӹǡ
һ֪뿪֮󣬳ӵļ͵һɣͷȷҲһӰȥɢҵ֦
ҲԼôģˣӦһ˿һ룬ҲܻУûɷŮˣǸɷ׸硣Щ׽һϵҲôࡣ֪࣬飬Ҳܻῴ
ӸС¹Ȳ裬ÿ˸Ǹɻ
ӻع̣ˣ˼Ҽﻹء˵ϣֹס⣬׿ĳЩʵʵĻ롣
̾ǲŹԼѾʻӣ˵˵˼ҿ˺òˣˮûкһڣˣôԿڷء
¶Ժ󰡣ûһǼҵģôһԺõĹﰡ
߶߶ǹˣǶ̵Ķϱǿҵġ
֪ⲻǿûˣҲһ¶ĸģûôУǰӦ㣬ԺҪӦ̡
̫̫Цеģ¶ֻʣһݵıͣ·Ԥʲôõδ
˼֪࣬ʲôȥʹϵ˼Ҳء
̫̫ɺǺЦȥæ˼ҿϿء

һصҵʱͣˣԼԺ˼ĸŮҳġ
Ůһ֪࣬ס죬ͷǳԣĵЧ̷׷ҽڸǡ
һҲΪ⣬ﾭ飬Ϊ˺ƣھǶ˵ֻǿһһǾͲŵÿ
ֻǳԷʱ£ԥʳڣǿҲһӣҪбͷҲӦõġ˵һ˵ҪкʵģҲǣߣ
Ե޹ʵĸ˵϶Ⱥ˸˵ʲôһ̾뵽
ϱӻ£ʱܾˣϾɷɥ㲻Т꣬Ҳûеȥ˵ĵȺ֪౾ͿҸˣȺ֪ӵĿˡ
ʱһȻҲǾܾǺģһ㲻ϱ˽ģһΪĻ͸
˵Ҹʲô˰ɣûɶһ׬Ǯ·üﲻôࡣġ
һþ䷢ģνʮֵġŴšкʵҲý˸ȿšͷ


 22 

 һۣϱҲ飬žһˣũ߳ĹأĹѸŵŶᰲټޣʱûȷľܾڰѰš
չǿˣΪϱһ˼ң⵱ȻһԴϲĺ£չǿûˡǳȲѰ¼ҵ
ǿһŶҲҵģҪҲңҪһ˵£ҾͰӵĸ𶼻⡣
ŶϱЦһſһĻϱˣˣҪҪǳԣлŸɣæӸ¶û˵æӸ
Զϱֽϻһвû¶ġֻ¶ϻҪӶϱУ㻹ᣬ۹ãԼĺúӣֻҪ⣬ûʲô˵ġҸЩ˵˵ǲżҡ
һŷȻǸղȺŵ˵ʲô˵Ļֻû˵ص㣬һ֪ģɲֹЩ裬˵ɽԶԶһˣĺչǿ
ǿӵֶססؿڣҲǿɽûҵˣǱӳˣˣҪûôԼ棬Լؼң
ŵķӦһ֮⣬ǳĵִһȥĶӣѵȻĶӻҪ𣬿һϣԼĶ˵ģûҵչǿʬʱŻܿģܻء
һ벻ףֻǸӿģһȥ˵ȴûпѵİɣ
ǹǿΪʲôؼأȶˣ
ûС
סֽˣ
ûаɣ˶һԭӣҪȻôġͻȻǿƣһ㺦£˵Ҳ
ȴ˿һǾͲǼҹǿǼҹǿģֽŶˣҲġ˵գϵҲչǶԶӵΡ
һ
ȷһĹεĶӣһΪ˹˲ĶӺáһҲ˼·ֻò˵Ҳ֪˵ͷǵӻ֮󣬻вѵĿԣȻԭϾѪŨˮ
һӲĸĸ޷ĸĺӣҲ޷ľֻԼҪŬ׬ǮǷӡ
һԶͿһվҵ棬վһ׮ӣȴûгϸѿվһˣٵĳӣķǳûдڸУȺ綼ǰӵ˵ʵǷǳᡣ
ոкӽݵȣû극أȻһ˱Ĵܳ쳣ֱߵǰŶ϶ĻŵĶƣһ֪˵ʲô϶óӽ£˵óԶٷ˵
˵ӵķ󰡣һСӱߵǶͺ׷ܳԡܳԵڶһС𰡣ټһ̣ĸأ¿һѳӰû
һԼԼͷģûоӥӥܳΪӥ𣬴ԽĻҲԼɿһ³֮󣬳ӻδǸ׬ǮĳҲҪѧģмֵĲĳˣǾܶײĳˡԣų׬СǮԼĺöڸıˣʲôģ붼û
һĺһ׺һĨ죬ſڷźõ𣬾ſȥ
ǰĸսѾ˰ȻӸԿڷӳĬҡͷϸϣ·ϣҲȻų˵л
Ӻһ걻ѹӣϸݣΪ˵ѾĸŸ첲ҡҡλεģȴ쳣ᶨȥ˾ͺͨſлҳھһ
ȻϸҲû˿óվǳӣ࣬һԲκߵĽˣ˱ܶԶ֮
ǽ죬迴ˣĽг
ɩи㣬˭
ӴǳôһĽ·Ƕô˲õһ¡
ӸεͣڿУֻεĽաͺߵĽҪģǺϽ
ӳǵͷȻǳĬ
һʱѾߵſڣλܵĴкͽгߣţܺŻؼ
Ȼһֵֻס˿һĸ첲ָ׷춼ǺڵģһĿŲɫϵĴ֡Ŀֱۣ첲ֱ㶵ĿסԼ첲˵۾
ֻҪϹӣܿǳ⡣
ڨڨģڿһ첲ϵ˻Цķǳ⣬߰иĴҪ˵أÿ
ʶʲô缸ҳ˵һ˵ý飬˵ٿ˭֪仨ô죬̾Һ
æͣ¶˰ҸСˣȸ˵Сأš
ôУŮɳ𣬺õĶˣȵȵȵȡ
  

 23 

ߴߴߴߴ, Ůһ̨Ϸ, һԴ, ֪ſ϶Ϳˡһۣߡ
˳Ĭ뿪Ƿ֮ء
һ仨Ĵɤңң, СǸһȥҲͦģɽǶ˵ʲô
ĽͣأҼСӰæģӻС£ʲôġ
һмƲ죬ǰ, ܸôӲʮ꣬Ӫ, ĺ, ӲųһĳɡһѾü, ǰһֱӡ
⺢ӻ, ղŵˣ϶Ҫ˵㻵ġ
峺ֿ, ջûȥʱڵӤʣйòͻ䣬Ѿ, ӱĸɸɾƽĶۣӢϧ̫ˣʱ˵
һעֱӸоעӣڵĻµתͷ˵˵£ϰˣʵ֪ʱҲкܶ˵ġ
Ŷһ
һֳһۣŶһʲô˼ǽ˵Ǿ޿ɾҩӺйϵǳֹѵˮһ㣬Ѿǻ֮֮ĺֻǼͷĹϵѡ
ǹյĺܣһ롣
˰ǻȥһ˻һִЩ˺öķװһ¨Ǳ¨ռޣҪࡣëǮһķëëԻһЩƱ׬ôһǮء
ϧӾܾ⣬ûɡ
һֹҧҲûǿҪ˳Ȼ
Ȼصһֱ꣬ҶûгţڶҲûа취ȥϹׯѾԷģ˵ͳһˣ˵б۵ġ
һСȥСΣ˳··мС黨ɡĹ˵Ļ
˵ûһһеģǺࡣ
Ƕ˵Ҳһ䣬Ҫ޵ȥˡ
ȻЦһΪ˵Ҳĺһ㡭
һ˲ŭǰȥס˵ȥ·˰ɣҲĺһЩҸӾǴѹϵּʵװӡڱ˵ҵĻ˺ǵ죬һȺˡһݺݵ˵
Ӣ̽ĵ󣬡һôô˵ĺôΪ˵˵ǿԣ˵Ҳ̫û˰ɣ
һ㽫ԼһԲĹĵˮҿȥİɣ𣬲ΪˣʮЦٲһ֮ǱΪ鳤฾ǾǺѣһȺϵƣ
֪ܹʱȦˣǿһ˴ֱҲˣ͵Ұ帾ҧĽֵִġ
۾ģҧ촽㲻𣬴綼ô˵ô˵ǣʹ۸Ǿûпɽ𡣡
٣tui
ǰװһסôã˭֪˭ʲô֪ʱǾɣ۸ˣǸҪǣҲôӳ֪㡣һȺˣԺҪģ֪֪
һΪǳѹȸеĿǣ޵ݣߵĶѾ˺Щ˿֡һǷȻʹһ٣ϧ
Χ۵ͦ࣬üλ֪˰ֻǷ߷ߵһţ˵˾øȻ뿪ս϶ܵĲб
һ㣬ȥ
Ա߿ֵҲ㣬֪ҲһһӮˡ
һǣС̣һſԼʱˬ£˿һбڹ̨棬εĹóһңܿķ򣬷·һ۶Ⱦ۾ӣȻôһ⡣
з𣿡εʵ
һҲ̨СӣϧСҡͷˣһȥ
ȵСĹ˿ͶˣֻʣһԼʱ򣬿һסǸۻԱιҪҪ죿
˵ţųһ


 24 

, һͬķʽʣµ, ȫ԰ëļ۸˸ӵĴ㡣
һĻʹ, һǮ֡ǮĲѽ, һ׬ʮëﻹʣ׬ǮһʲٶʮһǮ
ҪǷӣ̫
һ̲ס̾ǺôѾʼ˵һǸζ, Ҳãͻ´, ɾ
Ǽ׵ĵط, ԭĵүۼ, зͳһгĻ, ת
ǸճҪĶҲҪ, һƷԿԳ־ùӦһһΣһ²ʮǮ, ҪҵܸӽǷΰĿꡣ
һ͸һһӽ͸ֽţһذ׵ֽһǡ͸ǲֽ͸Ƣ
ǵһյʱ֣ڱţ˰õĶԼãǮУˣǾС
żã׬˺öǮأŸõġ˵˵Ȱ¡Ȼǿؽȥˡ
ϱ꣬תɫ߿һСԷģ˵ӣ⣬˵Ҳһͷ˿ԼװףʱȻͣˡ
һĵͷ֪ģչǿ׵ܵܣôпⲻǡ¶ҸɲǳСͦõģˮ֮ӿȪ౨һ˸Ҳͦѵģ
ļˣǶûˣһϱҲܺã˺ڿ죬Т˳Ƣºͣĺ뱲ҲӶӳ֮ѾһɨգʮӸǳ¼ҵѪǲģҲҪ˵ֻһˣҲ˵ͷװ׵ģ迴óǵϹ˵
Ůǵ£ܲصס𣿿ܿԼҶϱĶӸû˼Ӹƺһ㲻һ
ѸǰǷǶ࣬ҲŲ˵ʲôء裬İɣҺͳӸôô˵ʲôŲӰ쵽ҡ
οĸһɰԷʱϱͺ㾴ң㣬ֱĸŮס
һóһСƿĵعգԼţ裬Ҷ뵱ŮӦңԺܵĶϱҲҺ㲻ţ裬趼ûҺãء
εøɾ־һ˵ˣ۽ǲסˮǺģȴ̲סЦ˵ƺԣϱ˵ҲӵĻϧûи֣ϧǿûˣҪǹǿڣСڣٸһӣҲûʲôźˡ
ǿӣչǿԺҪǻҲûϵˣˣҸĻϵͿԽѾˣɡٺ١
æȥѾȥſһ˯ˡ
һ߹ԼľΪԼǸ۳̳̾ϵƴгʱأľûֻڴλܹˡ
˯֪޾һʰӣһЩ񣬱һжƽȻһЩʶ
㣬ѶǶ㡣ϱ˶ǳԡ
Ѻԡ
ÿһбʱƢǺõģҲ̲סʹɫԭȺ˵ϱʱ˵ý¶ֵĺܲ졣
˵ý¶ԸüȻԼҲԸңǸý˵ˣ¶ˡЩ˵ǣһ٣תͷͰѶϱͳӵķз˵һһȥһ˶Сϱÿȥ֮ϲ󣬿϶ǳǸҵӻкö
Ͳ̫ЩˣԺӵĲ԰һŬţ԰ﶼǣԼ
԰ﶼǣ߸ߵĶǼӣ涹һһһ£һ£ĺ콷Ÿϲˡ˭֪˭ɶˣ⼸˲٣ǰݺϲˣʱ֣˭ɶ˭֪
ɼЩ˹ΪͲ˵ģԼֲȱ
ٸЩˆ£ڳӭļʻˮҲãҲģ¶ٸЩˆ£ƾЩڱ˵ϱľҲܸǽ̫ˡ
Щ˼ȻƤˣôŶҪһϢǿķӦġ
ǿ裬Ƕ˵ǿû˵ǲģ
¼ҼϿ˹ǿˣ˵㣬֪֪
ֹͣʰ֣Ӹģˣڻ˵ܣǿҪǻôܲ
Դ֪ɽûжӵʬ壬ϲ˼죬ѹ˼죬ϲǶӿܻţʬѹǣӻҲǸĹεģûӡѹ֮󣬼ϱԽԽ£ҲˣӻҪˣһŮ
仨ĺ촽һһϣզֵ֪˵¼Ҽϼҹǿ򣬻ǵĿ˭ʶ˵Լ
ɵĿҲš
Ѿ˷ܵĽģͦҵģΪţĶӻţкµˣǿߣǴģй̶ӸĸҪȥģ
ȻڳҲŵ˸ɴѸֵ
ֵˬ˵һ飺ȥ¼Ҽϰ£¾ߣ̯ϿǿһСϱվһ˵Цģ۾ƣŮĽ˺氡ȥʣ˭֪ǸҲ˵Լǣϵ˭
һƨɳģ㶼ϲǲǸǿһߣʲô·еʡ
⣬ֵͷҲܰѽϸɸɾͷҲˣҵ治ʶҡСϱϿߡ
ĵˣǲҶӣʧٶðСϱܵģҼҹǿʵ
ԱߵĸŮƲƲ죬ڿ񽻻㣬ʲôʵʵܹ֪࣬ĻÿǸ
һñǳѣ˸ֵ֮еĻвչǿչǿ
Ⱦ֮ͷεģ̯ڴϣɲչǿǰԵʱΪͦĵġҺǵĲУʹѾȥչǿ
̾˿Ĩţ裬ҪǾòģȥļҼǿӣܲϲġ
תֵڹǿߵСϱ˭úÿ
ֵЦӣûÿٺ١ȻվšһѡֵϽˡ


 25 

˵ʵ, һǲȥ¼Ҽ, пܵĻ, ϣչǿҪָˡǸ﷼úõĹȥ֮䲻ҪйĽ
һԴ, ߴߴŮԶȺǶ֪һӵģ֪Ǵûмѩ࣬ʱֵĲͨܿһ޵أǵƯĿһҲǲһĴڡ˵ĻѾ˵ˣҪ̸ҲѾ, Ǿһ뿪
ܾãһңҲ֪ʲô, ѹ֮, ʿһǾֵ֪ڼ, ֻ֪, ŮҲ֪ôҰ
йǿƬȻȥǸ, Ժ϶ȥġϵӣѰ£мǿ˿, ϶߹ǿġһ˵
չǿ֪ôһ죬ôһһģʲôϵأ
˭֪Ĭ֮ȻȻˣֵ˵ǸֱӲǹǿ˵˵һЩһЩ϶ǹǿҶӲôûġ
Ȼô˵֮ļһŻ겻ġ
һӵ飬һһĲ̣һšΨһһĶõˣȻϱӵˣȻŶĺãҲģŵĴӡ
һԥԥţ뵽˴ׯլأһֽϣд˴лֺӡĹأǷӣֻҪõ˵ͬ⣬
Ŷϱûһűֽţ˵Ĩһ۾
úúãҲǸש߷ѡĵطҲãǵط⣬طҲ󡣡
ǵط·ߣڴӵͷӺһСɽ£ĸߣǵ沢ƽģҪӵĻҪѵŪƽˡ
СɽҲģԿһЩˣһѾ뵽סȥȻڻУٽ껹ܣΪˣҪȥϹ
ǰţҪչǿ飬һȥɽ󿴿
һԼ벻һҪȥɽ󿴵Ļһ˻ʲô顣ԼˣǺɽ﷼ڵأϵǵΪһɽ֮Ľֱͨɽȵ·֮ͨų׸ı䡣
˿һҲͷĵȥϹ
˽չĲƥ͵һõ˺ĵѣڳϼǮﲻϲȷ䲼ڡ
ûйϵһҲûȥϧĿװɫɢӵζԼõġ 
˳ӿԶԶվһԵϴٿƯĳ֪࣬ʵ֪࣬ǸǲǺˣ
һһĴɤһĻıϣҪԼȹӵģŮĸ
˳ʵҲ̫˲ˬ˰ɣҸû˭һ𣬸ʲô£һȥ
Ư֪෭Ҳˣ˳ӵղҲǿиɣ˳˵Ϊɶϴأϴ󳤵Ķ࿡ţб¡
һվԶԶǸˣŶ콨·Ҫ콨˵飬һˣԭ콨Ǹ콨
һһȻӣʱ콨˳ӣϹ˵ʲôҿ̺˳ĽС㣬ʹϵ
һڰ֣˼ĽͣĲ֪Щ˵Ľ㰡н̫ˣٺ١
֪ΪʲôһԽͣ콨ԽڣŨüë˵֡
һͷôҲ벻ס
ȥ·ϣ콨˳һǰһţ˳ʳ벻׵飺ϴ˵֪㣬ŲԸģʲôšֹϲǸûˣ
콨һûװɣ
ûС˳ҡͷ
Ҫ˼ʶʣ룬ýҪ˵ý淵ģǲҪһʣǽ淣ǽ淣
˳ӻȻһȷȫˡǸûǷ밡
콨Ťͷ뿪ƨ
һʧȥ⣬ϲͷʳǻϡе׷緹ǳûмдĻᣬȻÿ˶Եıģɻȿ˲١
˳Ա֮󣬿һ֪ԼɻʵˮƽСӳ˵ǰ겻ɹ̽ȣôǾҪһֱʳǻȥա
ʳ¼ĵǲʹ꣬һɻ˼Ѫһ
һͲˣĸ㣬͸˼ĥ󹤵Ľһġǵ˿ʼϽȵʱֽһ㶼ϡ
ϺȣϹ˶Цʱʲô˾ǲһ֪ɻʵڣǰһ
Ϊǿʤ䣬һòģҲίԼȻıȲ˼ңҪ˼ҵĳЦǾͶ㿪
¹֮󣬻Ƹÿ˼Ʒֵʱ򣬿һҲŶӣһԿšģԴӴҶͼǿ֮ÿ׬ĹҲͶΪһֵĹֳƤҲȻһЩͷö
һһǸƷֱôõģÿƷץͷǰ˵ȷ𰸡ĳȲ֪Ķ˺ܶࡣģӵ˺ܿûˣĻһСŶء
һԼĹ֣ȱ˵˲٣ܣʯҲҪģһʯǰ֣һƳ֣ⶼǹ̶õģһʮְ˸֣֣
֪࣡ڱ
һͣסŲһĨЦĿĴﵽˣתͷ¶ӣƣʲôѽٲȥԷ̲
̶ӵĻƣҲС飬ͳĹ֣ټСĺ㣬Ĺ
Ǹбҵʵ
ǡһһ㲻˼ѧһֱͷʹﻹеܵãУҾͻؼҰæˡ
Լͺͺͷ߶ųҲҲȻʿһԸҰæǸˣҲûɶ
һǰһȻԸ⡣
һڶ͵˻ƣһ˱ǰţһª©Ķţһƾɵİ칫һµĸֱʡ
һֽдԼ֣ϻƶҪһ
ԸԱߣʯײһֱͣһðʱϻƵĹݣȻϻΪʲôҪһˡ
һͷûô̧һֱں㹤֡
ϻ˵һˣ˵ÿ¶Ҫһ£׺ûܣһ㶼ϵףҪӣҷǮʱ򣬲ſʼ㡣ڼȻĻ֪ˣǾһɡ
һֱͷӸ񣬻ˮˮҲóһ;ûá
ˣѾܵɻ˳๤ˣǱȽڵġ
ͷɻȻ죬Ƹ˷ĬĬķŵһԣˡһŵ̧ͷģʱöӹ๾ĽС
Ʋ֪ܵԷȥˣһͦ˼ģӴԲᳬӣ˵ҲֿԶԶģŴɤţڱӡ
ٵĳŷų극кܶ๤Ҫءϻˣ֣һѾõ˱Ƶ뿪Ȼһʯͷ濪ʼ
һĵģһʮһһŪˣʣ´»ʯӡȻˡ
һ
Ŷ
һԴ̾ˣɶ̫ڿඣ޴¿ʱͲôţƵĿʼЩ˱óж¥εļǳЦǸϧŶҲԼңߡӢҲˣֽ֪ŻҲͱԼһ֡
չǿǼһĹ׳ʮ ƽƽ棬󿴣ӵģֻ֣ȻһɻĸŮһ
һˣǰֻµģϸ£ϸ£Ƶ׳ˣȻֻһĹ֣


 26 

һҵ, , ڵģʶ, ôô͵Ĺ֣
ǡࡣȻġ
һΪ¶ܵ𹤳̵ϴǰ, ܹ𣿡
һҵĿⶼǻ˵ĺ࣬ÿһĹ֣ܹŰȫñҪСආܵǰһǲģ֪ʶǼɥԱϱ֮һ׸µǸ, ҽǸòӦ
ù˱ϸҲϱԼ, ǹ, ǴŪĹ֡
һ, ǹܹ˭ܣǸǸɻ𣿡
ܹٺһЦ, Ǹɻֻܷɲܷʳ⹤Ǹɶģ
Ǽ¼, ׺÷ġһ˵
ܹͷҲˡ
һȻ¶ľȨ˭
һ, û㹤ֵʱϻƲпһ±ɿһűӼǹˣϻԱ߿ţԷЩ۸һᣬ鱨֡
ֵӵʱ򣬳Լһ壬һñʼȻںһССʺš
֮ÿһ춼ˣֱһ쿪ʱ򣬹糤˴һҸߴԺ֮ͨǹֱԺȥ԰ѱصĶеİٻ̵ҲȥʶׯҪĻũҩһ֮ûҪᡣ
һƬž֮УһС첲
վ̨ϣ̨ǣڵϣʯͷϣԼЬϣ˸ɲ̨֮һȤ۾ɢŹ
һվ棬糤ͶĹ񣬳һЦ
ģ⼸쿴˱ǸָĲƽмˣһĻȴһĹ֣̫á
̨˵ģʼۣе֪¶е˲֪
֪ľ˵ˣ˭ǡǸӣӦøһĹ֡ǹҲû˵ġ
̨±ЩѾͷ
һٱ΢ЦƤЦⲻЦģ˵ˣɻ˲֣ǰѹȫ㰡
ҲУҼƶũҰңĹָңԸ⡣˵껹ˬʵĴЦ
һѾŻˣ׳ΪʲôҪڷ֮Щˣ̫۸ˡ
ҲһƬЦһѾǳˣƤЦⲻЦЦάֲסֱӺ߹Լı£ΪԼһǧӦء
̨һ˫۾Ҳ֪ΪΣһ۾ͿˣǳӣԴٴϹһͺټˣڿرԼ
֪ΪʲôĮ峺۾Լķŭʧ٣ͻȻ侲ѾϡϡĺЦ֮У˵ðƶũӦöչһ㣬ǵĹҲܸ㣬ǸǣֲҪǡ
ȫֻһ˵ƶũ޲׼ĹָһЩƶũĹǲǸúũֿҾӦ֣˵أ
һָղŽӻǸƶũ
˵ĿָԳƶũˣһĭûзеĲԼɼʡĵͷ˵У޲׼ǹ٣
һʱ֮䣬ƴ䣬һ·Ժӹֵ˷Ժͬӹֵ
ɫ䣬޴Ŀ̨¼ҵıۣ⣬ô°
˳ſһķһƲͷֱӣղ̨֪ʱ򣬾Ӧ̨İ
̨¿ʼۣ޲׼Ҳ޲׼ũƾɶһĻǹֶࣿ
ƶũǸũ
ϯ˵ˣ˲ܷŵȣ
Ϊʲô๤ֵͣˣ
ʱΪɣݣƻ֮ǰǰֹҪ¶ԺۣԴӼǹ֣һֱôģԺ󻹼ȥвУ
ǲУøǸ˵Ҿƶ߹Ӧõģ
ºˣһֵıۿʼ־Աû˲ץסֶһ㹤ֵĻᣬͬʱ˵õ˸Ĺ֣ô˵ĹֱȻ
ǽٻ˼ӶӳֶԲߡգ˶һɶٻٹ֣ɣ˭Ҳռˣ˭ҲԿ
ȻвʣһĬŽˡ
ڶ죬ͳƹֵʱ򣬳վһǰ
һЦ˼
һ㶣ʮ
ϣʮ֣ӣһ
û飬ɫ糣洫߰㹤ֵģһȻʸ˶ٻٹ֣ڲʯӵ·ϣ·ƶˡ
ʮ֣˶ʮ֣ԳҲǡӿԼʺָͷղӡʮ֣ûп
ƺԺܶ˶ûжӰ죬ֻг֪ζʲô׵ʱԷֵһʳ˵ǷӵĻˣƽʱҲܳһһӪ
Խ߽ŲԽ죬ûȻڸı˷һŽ״̬֮С˶˵֪еʲôֻ֪֪ĶûʲôֻǶһѣ˼ҴʲôӣߵĺüһֶֻùҲܷ֮
ʲôӰ롣


 27 

ڶ, һſڶ, һҲ֪˭ġ
һӦȺ, ǴܵĴܾãǸʱ, ǱΪԱĺϷֱڣΪԼֻع족ɵӰʼһεļһ顣
⼸ӵӦøԼһӪ
ǳԵһҭûţģɤ۶ϸˡ

ԶĳׯСյϱҵĻ, ãʲôҪżټϻбͷ, , ǰͷ, ɽһˡ
ļѼ׼ʳ, úõĹȦҲãھտ, ӡ
һСˮʳ
ǽµĿһҵ, ²ã˽̨Ͻ֮󣬼е˶ʶǺ谭ı쵽˿һĵط
ʮֲ⣬զʶ㣿
һٺһЦϱǴĻǵĹ֣ǵȻʶҡ
üͷչΨһϣó׼ҼţǼӼģʲô£͸͹
һ˺ţѵǶĸ϶໨һëǮһ⼦ëţ𿪿֮Ʋ죺ȻŹû¡
Ŷϱզʲô²׼ܲܰһѣ
ʵûʲô£˵ܵѧҪǮֽʶûǮҪȥ˵˵ȥҪǮдŵһëǮˡĸҪǮⷽ滨Ǯ
һǰŴԤ룬ϣԺĸ˵ʱվߣʲô˵ҵܵܣѧûǮӣֻֽʡǮͼĹȥǵ㣬ǽġ
Ĺע棬鱾бʣǮũûȥ
һͷԣҲйˣҲгʲ໹еģе˫ְеһֻһ˹ӣͦѵġҼҾͦѵģֻϵУҰͲѧڼæƽʱȥ񳧴㹤ţ֪ģ˫ְӣܿ࣬ĸɿɣ龫̷ʲôġ磬ɡ
ʲôˣĺӡ
ǼҪǷӣҲûҰ裬ϴξ˵ˣȥдǽǮǾͲټˡҲʡԶһˣļôţԺﻹв԰ء¡һҧŸֱñһֽʼд
ûע⵽˵֮ⷬŵ飬ֹȴʲôû˵
һˢˢдţֽװŷš˼ųԣ˷ܵĽһУ֪ӦûųӣִȥԱ߿ӡ
극߰ɣķѣһûʲôġ
ȻԸռҵıˣһֻգĿ˻ؼҵ·Ӱתȥ
صһһԼ飺ϵİǸʲôģ֮ûн⿪
ѾԶҲ޴ӿ֤ˣֻܻؼʡ

ڿһĵطû˳Żؼҵ·ؼңǱձˮ׼ȥɽһܱô˵ܹԼĶӣҪԼһŰġ
Ľǽǰģʱչһ࣬ûгͣ͸ϷŽ˶һĴݲУܹԭ·һ㲻ġڵսսΡΡţͷðĺˮ
ϱͦõģңʵۣʲô˵زס˵ӦġǱϾԼĶӰ˵˵ҶصĶԼҪһʲô֮أ
ԽԽ𳵵ˣС𳵵ֻʡڻ𳵣һʯ˵һ𳵲㣬᫵ɽ·䰲װһֻ졣ܰȥʡºܶ
ûǻ𳵵ģŻ𳵵Աߵʯ·Ҳһ

һʱ֪ȥʲôҲ޴֪һ˳ԵŮˣΪԼ׶ӣ;ġ
ﳩĸյܻı飬һر˼ϧ̫ԶԸĸû˸飬Ҫʱ̫òǶֻ꣬ȻԼ֪Ѿкüʮûиǣˡ


 28 

һд֮, аµ, Ҳûм߿, һ㡣
ĹУļ, ǿһĶѾĥ˼ӣ֮ԽãƤǸʲôϵѪݣ𣿶ܡ
԰˵˵ȥۺ켵, ΪвŻΪ顣
ϻưѴ󲿷ֵ鶼˲, ͼǹ֡Ĺʱ˹̶¹ʱƹ, ʱ䶼ɵġ
ܵȥ, ÷·ȡ˻, ˳㻹ȥһǣģϻƽ, Լȥӻϻһ˵󻰣ֺ
, ϻҪжǾл
ǰװ׵İ͸Եһĥɰĸо̫𣬸Сӵá
һϻƵʱϻһ㶼Ťˣһ¡
ǽзԷ˵ʮ˵һ˲ӦЩϾ˵ҲҪѭǲᵱű˵˵ġĳ˱ñӣַھӶ֪Ǳñӵı˷·𱻸գ϶ʲô֪ġ
Ϊʲô֪أȻ͵
ȥʯӳȥЩǣ쵼Ƕ֪ڸɻƵĻˣҲѾϿţ»쵼һõӡ󡣿һ׼ȥɻ
˭֪˵
˵û֪ϻƣٺٺ١
ɣϻƶˣƼҵ֪ǻˣ֡
òţۿ֪ϻƵһʱϻһ·˵ǸϻƵġ
ǣϻΪɶҪÿ֪൱ƣ֪ôĻߵģеĶУΪɶֻҿ֪ࣿ
Ȼɻ󣬾¶̫ףп֪࣬㹤־ǿĶ࣬Էȱأ
ñ֪ɣǿ϶죡
һѾˣһֱϻƵ𾴵ĳ˵ϻԼǳĽԺãһ鹤ǱܵԶԶģǴ注ͤҲˣôԻ
Ҳû˷ƨôôģǲ͵͵ʺˣһڱ˵
ûʲô˵˻ץεˣǿһ˵ίʵ̫˵ɫѾǺ
ֲ䣬Ͼ˾ԲԼˣ̹Ȼϴ󣬵ͷ˺УȻ˲ڡ
Ǹ֪డ¶һŵİղҲˣҲһֱΪ˵
һͷҷֵ˭˭⼸ӣỴ̂ղô˵ҵģҶء
һָ˼ˣԼ֪Щ˭˵ģ˭ȿʼģ
˭ôˣ˶ô˵ģĲ֪ߣϻͶܵүүϸŹһŰɫµϱ˵Ϳֻ̫и߸ߵȧǺϰɫɹ߷ǳԡ
˵⻰ʵǿ̱ܸо֪඼Ƥ˼ΪԼֱĺӰɡԸѹϻŲм飬ֱĽԱİ
һһ÷β㹻ķλȻһ㹫˽ᴩźǶǶĴӶ㹫Ӷ˵ģ
Ҵʮ㣬һʮԶ
Ůʶȥӣ˿Ѿ˺ɡȻӦ̾Ҫ˹һȥ
˵Ҳ˺潸죡
˵Һ˵
һţȻŮ˺Ĺ˸ϸڡʵֻҹ˯ʱŮ˵СµĴӻˣ꣬·ʺģϴ·˼ϴ̫ˣ±ϵĳ˿ȥ
Ȼһ֪ô˵ѣֻҪŵһЩϸھͺãϸڵ˵ĻģȻ಻˱Ļԡ
ѾʧصʯͷҵŮ˱ڳסˣΪѾ˵˱ˣһȺĸһ
ŮѾˣ߰οˣӰбû˵Ļ
̧ɨһΧ۵ˣǱԾˣ۵Ŀ޵ĸˡ
ʱһ֮⣬Ȼʮ㣬˵㵽Ǵ˭ģ
һ̧Ⱥָһηηֵˣһܵ˵ǰͦ˭˵ģ
һһһ˵ҷ·֪˵ģ˵ϻһùֽġ
˷׷׵ͷģȺ֪ģǶɻĹ°
ʱߵĶѾע⣬иģǶۼʲôأٲɻܹɾ͹ˡ
˵ܲٲܲٵһⲻģ                        
лҪ˵л2020-04-09 23:14:40~2020-04-15 02:04:45ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹڿӲ 3ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

 29 

ܹӵһ, ڿһֻ֪ΪʲôҪڱ˵Լ
ڱ˵Ҹ˲岻, ֪𣿡һʵ
һ޹, ֪޷粻, ֻҪԼҪ±˵ʲôɡ
ļ֪վĵٲȻһС壬ĵķԵõ˵ϿɣȻÿ϶ŲмЦЦ
һܵð
ȻϱӵĿһһ, ĵĸĸְĸúõĽһҪúõֺ, ˵˼Ĵ, ʱߺԤһЩ⡣÷÷ĸúС, һҪǴùϵ
ϧûбҪ, ֺֻܱúȡõĸо¶һæﲻϵ, ˭ںһСȵļأ˵ͷҲ̧ȥ֮⣬һܸȡκζһ档
ǿһþȫ, һơ
Ȼһ˺󣬶㵽Ǵ򲻵Լĵط
޷粻ˣú÷˼һΪʲô㣬ΪʲôˣרŴ㡣ô֪࣬ĻߣҲߵڱҽθһССĽѵ´Լ
ΧȺѾһĲˣӿһʳҥԵʼٸߣһһ׷ݿʼʶǳѾŴͣû뵽ӽ档
һӣǵ춨˿һԵĻ
ǿϱǲǷˡȺ˷ʡ
ɲǷˣһ蹷һ
ı򵹿˵ϣĿɿڴĿԼ֣ˣּһѾֻԥһ˲ӨѾҳ
޵ĳվߵ֪ҲΪ˵
һͷߴߴһ仰ס˳ӣˣǰܹҴҥô֣һ۴ô֡˵֤ҶѾˣҴ˵֤أҲڿš֤ݶһˣǲƫеġ
һô˴ĳͷԼܳܣѾˣǸѸˣټҲˣŮ˶޵ȷҪһ۵ġĲһǼԼģŮƤ
ĵѾԹݺݵĵ˿һһۣˡ
һǷôĵʹ㣬ϲܹĶӣҪܹ֪ڱ˵˼һԺôദ
һ־ʹ˽ߵͦģҲͦģöŮ˶ɽʯӣҲųʯӣ˵Ӱͦġ
һ죬һǸ¾
ҿǸʺϴ̨ϽѺĹˣǴɽʬ嶼ܳγܣĻû¶
Ҳ˵˼ҽʺţŮô

֪ǲǴ֮ͶһƳ
һԼΪԼʵ̫ǿ˵ԵʣƹЦ쳣һ㱨ֺʲôʮֵļЧ
ֻһͶôƵĿ⣬о֮󣬻ʱǸĿֶ
ҲֻԲӦ䡣
еĹ֮󣬿һȥ򷹣ȻСӹϳԣڵԽԽ磬¹֮ܿһصϼӵգںӱܿӳϼ⣬
ûаҲù¶û˿סֻܿԼոոܹ˵ҪǷӣһЩʯͷؼңܹѾӦˣǵùڽ֮ˡƬǳ㣬ǳá
˵ĳ֣ĺάֵ
Ĵһݸ߸˳֣˺ͬͣǳһ㺮˵ϤһܾúںӣϤٺһϹ
ɸ磬Ҫǲȥ˰ɣ£ǸŮ˲ǵġ˵
ģѵһƣôˣ̫ˣŻᱻ۸ɸ˵
ðɣһˣһ𣬶ڻʮ׵ĵطˣ˿϶бȻҵĵط
һ˲䣬ҪҪܣջվźĽŵԶһĵطʣһû꣬һ»Ҫȵģ
ΪʲôأܵĻҲȷ᲻ᱻѵץסҲȷһĻ᲻ỹбˡҪɱˣػж٣һ¿ռʯͷоӦܷɱǰͦصվ
ɸһһһӡǳĲҲ̫ˣǿ¿ˮ̵ļƣǰԼߵӡ
ġⲻһʾ䣬һ϶䡣
һͷǵģô򡣡
Ҳ̫ˣɸߣӾǰȥһɫͲ֪ڸġ
˳ĺݣɱϾǸˣһòͳһԵĴʯͷҪǸҶһ£Ҿ͸ԴưİɫҶʶʶ
ʯͷ֪ģǰԲˣˡһ۾ѰΧһУѰһߣϧ˼˶Թ˷ӱˢ룬ֻԵԼһ
ļʵģɸ磬㲻ҪͲˡ
Խ˵ɸԽǳ嶯Ů˵Եһ˶ûӣ
һѾܾ˵׼ͬʱ뷨˻ǲ̫㿴ڣӦ𣬺ò׷һأûҪ˷ɱˡ˼ģǲ洫ıȼܰô͹һˣȫñĹˣ
Լأ뱧ųӵĴȰɣģôǣԼ
һԱˮ
ȻһûϵĴȣӣ˿һĳ֣ס˴֡
˭ѧģ۸Ůˣ
ǳӣţͷʪܵĴڶǣϵĹâôӰеס
һԼ˵ŵģʲôģͲö֪ˡ
ӣ㲻Ҫ¡
ɣ㲻Ҫɵ£ֵĹǲǲˣֵ֮Ӱ죬𣿡ѹ˵һִļ棬оǻϸ΢𶯣оޱȵİġ
Ŷԭ˽ɣֲŹϤأԭˡܹĶӣ˸ӱߣ֮⣬һģһ


 30 

׻˵ĺ, һ, ٶ˥, ɳһŭΪյѾϨˣΪŮǰ, ǿ˵ҾǴôţ֪֪֪
һڳӵ¶ͷ֪֪ΪʲôԼôҴ飡
٣˵˻ˡ
ӽͷȥ⽫ļŭճ
֮˳һһ㶼, ֪ʯͷӵԶԶģȻԼĺзʼڳӱĺȡڵһ, Ѿ, ٷˡ
Ҳʶ, Ѿʰһ, ߷ߵһڣʲôñ䵥
һһ, СģŻˣԲȥһΪв, һǱµһڸĵģܹĶӣûŶְΪͷͷΪºͻܺ˵ӵġ
ɸ磬һ£ܶԿ֪ʲôᣬ˵ĺãһˣвһŮӣʲô
ɸ类ӿеĲм̼ҧ㻹ǸСʱһ
һںͷҲһˣҲƤˣˣ԰Ĳǹģ̫ˣ˵ҸʮĻϵ
Զеţûк˵ûк˵ֻ˵ϻߵĽ˭֪ôᴫǸӣҵĴ
һѾƱˣһỨ滨ĸоλʵǸ߰
ҲԥǲҲӦü˵˶ͬСһҲվǱô졣
ΪʲôҪ˵֪ϻͶҲˣҾû˵˵
ɷ·õ֤һ㣬ɣ֪˵ʵŮƾʲôҪˣ
Ϊֻ˵ҸϻͶ˵ϻΪ˱ӣ˵Զ˱ʱԶԶĶ̫£Ҫʱˣڴ֮ͥ¡һ˵
ʵͻֻһ֮ڰڵʵҲûʲô
Ĳ˵ר˵ʲôģ
һϯɵԴȻȥˣһҲվԱߣ˶š
ϢĳĬʱ˿̿һྐྵϷˡ
Ťͷȥĵʱһӿ˳ҲǹģҲǹģǽ˵лҿһϻͶϡ棬á
Ĵ֮˵˵˳Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪ
һĿ͸ǿƤһܸܵıĶģʲô֪ΪʲôҪ
ζһЦ˵ûϵѾˣ֪ͺˣҲǲѶΪ֮أȻһĸ˽ͣҲŰǴһ¾ͲһھԣҲҽ֪ͣĶɼɼ˼һ㶼ġȻ˾Ͳ˵һˡ
һ˼ģһĿɿڴ˿ޡ
һգգ۾һԭˣ´βҪ˵֪𣬶ŮӵӰġǸѸ˵Ӧ̫ںģǹѸǰǷǶ࣬άԼĻȥѾˣҵİɣ
ͷҲ֪ԭίԭ㡭
ӣֿһ·ʲôһĳӵļ
ԼֻܰװˣЩʣȴ֪ʱ˵ʲôҲûʲôˡһﲻð
û£Ժ֪סҪ˵ͺˣ㿴ҿܹߵĽҲûж˵ʲôǣ
һһ䡣

һں̲ԱߵС棬һŷڲƤϣˣеʱʱһֻС档
һúõĸлһӣҪˣҪˡ
ӶͳһϳԷʱʡģó
㲻лңһҪлл㣬ҵĹڸһˣֵܷһʳ˵
ܾǿż
һջؼٺһЦӦģ·ƽε
һֱֱĿųӵ۾һ𰸣𰸷ǳҪϵڴӡֹϵԺǷڱϹܳ׸Ĵȣ
ʱ·ֹӵĺᶯһ£ŶԼ˫峺۾ʵ˵Ϊʵ㲻Ϻһɻʱۣ˵Сǡ
۾ת𴦣͵͵ģ׻޷ΥԼģܿɰ
һͷаɣɰҲǰʡ


 31 

һɰʱ˵ľ, ٿһôΪġ
²ۣ治ӦõŮ, ̫С, ӣС˰
ǰ۸ż, ڿɲˣΪҼô
˵ڳҲ𣿡
ȻҲءһ˵ҼֻҰһ˹ʱһЩӹһڣһ䷿, ¥÷úΪʡǮҰֻһǾǼ, ʱܼ, Ҷͳ, ųԡ
ǵ, ԽԽ죬ȷûҪ۸ڵϣ첲ϥ, ԶĲԣͷҲ̹Ȼ˵һЩʹ˵ķ档
һȴҡҡͷ, ˸߲ң˶Ӳģʵ۸ֻڳи˵Ը֪ǴӵŮΪɶǵҪ𣬾ΪӲԾ㿴ǴͷԴҲŮ˼ӶӲĺܣû˸衣ŮƤҲĺܣ˵ֱۡ
СʮˣһЦ
Ц˰ΣʶӲûзĴʶ˵ĻûһǳӰġ
Ǳ˼۸ҵģ͵ģƽʱҲСӲ£˵Ҫ
ЩӾһͷβĹˡһѾˣϱӵҲôΪ
Ҫһ㣬ҲûкΪĸײű̹ȥġ
ºˣƨĵϡ
Ȼ̧ͷ¶Űװ׵ݣһ֪ԭЦ
ֻЦʱûзͷø첲ƣʹޡ
Цܺÿһ̲ס˵ҸղŻΪ㲻ء
ȻЦݻûУ˵ͦ˼ġ
һ°ͣҲ˵˵Լ£
СʱҲԹ񵰣ȵ費ҳԣ˵񵰳ϳߡסңʱ˺ܶ࣬裬в壬̡ӻ
һ˵ЩʵһɰͰ͵ģһ㶼ǸͷĽദһ뺦ҡӡ¿һ˵ҪСģҶ˵롣
Ȼγûһų˵Сʱ򣬾棬֪ӹ긻ӣΪ˵ԼӲ׵ʱ򣬳СʱչӡСʱŸ˼ҵӣü꣬ۺ˼ҵĺãþ͹ָĸԺҲָ
ſһ񣬳Ӽ˵Ҽʱ򻹺ãֻضˣũҲˣسﻹм棬Ҿʱʶɣܹҵͬѧҵس￴ӣֻҸڼңӶҲֻʣҲһġ
ôĹ¿һͲ֪ˣΪҲӡ
Ϊҹ١
ļƽ˾һܹǰʱ򣬾ܹܿŹСӣĸܹһģһ
żܿС֣˸ͷԱ֮󣬵Ҳûʲô۶ӣӿһ֡
ɻĹǳԵķ˵һļֹдҲûмүһҲûˡ
ĵĵȴĹ̽ŴͳʯͷԽԽ࣬ҲԽӽؼҡ˵ɽ͸ɾؼңȻŻǵĻȻĸ˰֮󣬿˸ᣬܹлЩӵԱ֪ǣǻȥæա
ʱûصһо˵УıģӹǱߴıϴһ֮Żˡ
һţһһ裬ôˣôݵôûԵˣ
һЩԵģϵľ·𱻷һ㣬ֱήһѯʲûеõʲôõĻӦ˵ģԲġĻش𲢲ܵõһϿɣԶͮͮĻƣȵѾȥʱ˵ģǲ̫һЩ
ϱӿûһϱӵԼܲ˹ϵԼȥ֣ڼҲͷ׼ȥĵطѰһϢ
ھӼңһȥЬӣòʵڼҶðɣڵϹչ˲ھӰæţҪҶһͷ
ھڵЦЦ֪ϱ۾˵Ϲʲôչ˲չ˵ģ
ϲڣЬӣ֪֪һ˵ͷʵĿĲأ׻˵ĺſڿһĶ˵Դȥ㣬ڶ۾ˣڶһ춼ûгԷѾͷĲ֪
һһˣڶ۾ˣ¶


 32 

һصĻȥ, ǳõ, ׿϶Ϸʲô, ŵͽʮϴݲĶ, еɹߣȻũ˶ӣ֮Ҳǳڵˡ
һ뷨Ůǵ£űȽǱĸ˸۸ˣ
ׯ绹ǲģ˳ӣżϱŮ, ˭ļҵĹѸˣûгֹġ
ǿһҲ̫ʣֻܿԵʮ, һֱֹӡ
һ̬ʮȻ, ©ʲôر, ճԷ, æʱŪլأլһµأҪլزƽ, ûھֶֻܿԼ, һʲôʱ
һýŲŴӸߴڳ͵ʹƽչǿؼҵʱ䣬Ӧչǿؼ֮ǰӸǺãʱ϶޴ȥˡ
ϣ֪ŵ¡
һߣչǿߣΧź뺹ꡣԱվӵĹ﷼
ھ·ˣǾ͵ЦСæأ
չǿҲ⣬кɻڿĿСӵĿģ﷼ȵĲУֵԺ˵㲻ҪӦ
չǿڵЦҲ⡣
﷼﹡ϣˣ˵㻹ǵý˵ӵǸҪҪȥǶһأ
³ͷͷϵĺĨһҡҡ׹ĺˮνҵȥطû˵Ҿ˵ϴ˰ɣͿˣôȥҿǸģҪӣñҵȲ߰
﷼Ĭˣ֪һסǰȥСһȥδʱ򣬵ǼŮһ棬ǸŮ˵š
ѾǲסԼˣļǵã뵽ȥ֮󣬼Ҫֻʣ¹¶ĸǸǵø²Ķԣͷⶼš
﷼ǿЦһ£ҲǰЩҲеġԺȥɣϴȥһν֣˲Ǯء
УûǮҾ㾡ܻ

տʼˣһֱήҲ״̬˶ʱҲûʲô쳣ǻһЩϵЦһЩҪ˵ʲôҲ̫
һŵʡȻǻƣƽʱһӻǴ﷢˵ĲܡҲ֪ǲͼ￴̫ԭ򣬾ӣ쳣㹤£ֺֿá
Ͷ˺ܶɵģ˵ȥŪլء
ЪϢʱ򣬿һȥլأҪƽһƽߴҪһ¡ûãͿҲ˹֮ĬĬڵ
裬ϹۣͦҪЪһЪɣһ˵
˵ۣϵĶͣȻòƲʵСţһǿţ˵ӻ᲻һЩ
һıһ㷢ᣬΪչǿΪⲻܵ۸ʲô
裬ҲһģҪ˸۸㣬ңһֻܸġ
İ̾һ
һأȰοţ裬㿴ҲǮˣһˣ׬öءǻϸǷӣ˵һء
һİοûʲôãԯ޵һ죬ĶһǳĬǸӻûУǿãֱӲˣڽһĮҲǸǡʲôѴҲʲôôͺñżζһ
ֻҪпգһͻɻϱӲ̫һıһ㲻ĸоǾӵһԼķӱȽϺá
ũǷһ£Ҫʯͷש飬ƬŴЩҪǮҪ˻ؼӹӹҪԷʳҪҲҪ
Ϊ˸õɣʵĶһǮ
֮ϣֻʣнеʱլ棬һˣǳӡĬĬŵأ֮һһӵĽӵݴ
һû뵽һ˻
ǳӣӺе˱־룬ÿ춼һ˶뺦ޣǶǺ˵ӣһҲ⣬Ͼ˵ڶʱڣļ
ʵֹǼңϣÿһݵˣһĴһûôʥĸҪǴȵԭ¡ֻǶԳӶ׽еˡ
뵽֮ǰӰܹܵӵѹʱоܳӵľ׽˲١
ǲһڿһ㲻ڣҺôʱɫ˿ı飬˵˵æŮˣػ
ðɣӵȷһ֪ͼĺˣһͽֻڵؾͺˣת飬Խ赽ھӵСʱʡĺܡ
ʵһȻĴֿ⣬ʱ
ÿζǳڵʱȥլظɻܿ˵ĶĿȻĪﴫ˷ա
ȻûдʲôţǹɫţǴȱģ˭ҵĹŮĸӺˣ˭ҵŮ˸ӣ¶Ǵҵ̸ʣڴ˵һ֡
һΣһ󣬴̸ı֪࣬ͿһڵĴ壬ǺüСӾۼһ𣬾ǵڼΧƽϣɼȻɵĹ磬ԱǶ֪䡣
Ĵǣ֪ڲݶӸ˼졣
֪Ǹһϼ˸֪·
֪࣬ȻģˣܹĶӣˡ


 33 

ô, һһ㶼֪ൣĵ, ļ, ĺǸ˽ˣǷһ, Ȼͻص˳ȻصĲԼҡ
ֵʱ˵ģȻ֪һֱסһʱ·ŽһǵȵɷݣصƿԼĳΪͥŮˡͬΪ֪Ŀһ, ˺ϲ١

һǱ飬Դ϶ǺߣĻɶ, ø, ˭ҪԱһ¡
ڵĴ, Ϲʱһ, ۾Ƴȥ컹˵ҪϹ˵Ӱ첻, 
һżƷֱǰȺ֪ǸɵģÿÿҪüͷ, üȺСһ¹ЧʣȻ׵ĿֲϣҪǷծȻĻ
һģҲģϾҶ֪ڵĶǹʦĶӣسǼǰ϶ˡڲͽ˵׼ΪԺس·أ
㣬Ľѽʲôʱ飬һҪϲ
ĻңһҾҸˡ
ҲˣŲһһģһÿЦΪʲô۸أǱҲһģÿһԱȣ﷼ԱȣŮҲԱȡ
һﰵ۾бſģüëһҲ˵ʲôأܷܲǵĻԣúøɻһľ֪ҳҶ̵ģ˵˼ңһȺŮߴߴߴߴǵĹֱ˼Ա֣֪ඪ
һ˵ʵ֪ᣬСڳﳤܸׯڽӴ֮٣ɻĲ࣬ܳԿĵУҲܳԿܸɺûİ
ѵ֮ĿɿڴˣȻʩʩȻˡ
һӶӳĵĸĴָɩҲȵĿžĿΡǰ̫ųˣ
֮һ֪ǵĲޣһ︹̿һβ̵ȥϲòڿũĻţÿ춼֪ɻ֪ɻҲɲãҲԹ

һԼΪһµĴǾǺٻûκεȨȫԱĹ֡ҲҪˡ
û˸ҷԼǸܾص֣̫ˣһˣҲСˣһίܲãǺɳӰİһȽϣͷۡ
լأһվȥɻм죬ؾƽĲ࣬ȷݲһ£ڵػʼǷˡ
һΣһ˲ˣ
һһɻ󣬲֪վԼҵլԱʲôǴ·˶վţҲ˵ʲôǶվš
ȵڵʱһ޳Ӱˣʲôû˵Դ߸һΪԱ߼๤ƣڳӵĵһЩԳЦЦҲһ죬ͷȻͣĿʼ
ʱߵһмԱ߸һŵġ
ԶԶĿſһһƤãһ˫۾ԣڻƻҹһڰЦ
һֻŮˣʲôʸ񿴲أ
һûҪķӦԾֱ˵һʲôÿ˵ģ㻹һһ˶󡣡˵仹һ۳ӣٶ֮ԳӵĲмĺÿʲôãݣһ֮سǸѩϼ˪
һֻΪڣһֻͨªɻⱾ˺ܷ꣬ˣǿ벻̡
ҸһһҸӲǶֻǻﻥݹϵѡ˾ˣ챻֢ҸɲһҲû۸ˡ
һĲУһΣ֪ڰıҵʱֻഺССĺڰǲѾǣǵ֪ŮӺ
û¶͸Ͻ֪ȥȻָҴҹˡ˿һʮֵĲ棬οѾ˺˵ʱѾ˺ˡ
Ǻ죬£ô˶֪˵ӣ
һ죬û䵽ùȥһҪ˭졣
ػذֻʣͷˣһĬĬĲ䵽ӵߣʳԼһֱ֪İԣɺͦģôͥǲͦõģ
תͷһĺÿκʱڵʱ˧ѵõС
ڿһɸ˰ǲʴ˵ʱ򣬳˵СʱʶҰָͬѧְ弶ʣʮ飬ĸûйǰүүǻĹˣڲ֪ô񳧵ĻӦҲйʡ
˵ӡ࣬˵ģٽ˻سǵʸ񣬻һƱ֪Ů֪Ľ
ֵƷô֪֪һûڵʲôϣĵʵ
ӵͷ͵͵ģҸ㣬㲻Ҫ˵
һͷֻԽ𣺡á
ϢǾ˴һ


 34 

ӽ֪ȫ˵˳, ȫ˿һĺġ
ԭɵĸرϲ˵, ͲܲͬİáӵĸȰ, һСӺ棬͵͵, ֪ɵĸ׾Ϊ˱˵ţͬѧܡȰԺҪ£Ӱؼ
һĻǡɱӾǳӺɡ
һϧĿųӣСʱӺɺڵˣǵ˸˵ر, ҪԼ̬Ѿʧ⣬ǿӺɵദ, ġ
Ҳ֪֪֪Ϣ, ڹ, ܹҲǸˡһҲǵ￴һ, ˵ĸҶԶŮӰǳǿȦһǸ, Ϊ˸׵ĲңĲҪأ
һԼڰԵ˼һˣҲ뿴˵Ц, ˭Ⱥ֪ǿž뿴һЦôһ뿴ǵЦҲܺ
ѸĿת˸Ƿ棬һѵ飬ҪҪܽŵΪȷʲôʱˡ
һյݣźڴôǷˣƺһЩתǸǷӵռȫûʱȥ顣
һ֪Լŷʲôת仹Ǻܺõġ
żףʮǸ꣬쵽ʳ࣬ھӼһЩӦܣټԼҵģ˰ɣ
׺дԼҸɻǲܵģҪǮԼҸɻˣô˼ֻЩдء
һſռĴ̩ףн𻪻ȣмǵۣ㹻ԣǶڳһӶʹá
붫ģҲ֪жæߵ磬ܸ˼Ұ﹤ĵط࣬Ƿӣһ顣ǼûжҲûɶͼģæĲడ
һͷũǸССᣬȻǷӲҪǮҪǳ򵥵ĽҸǷӣҰǷӡ飬Ҳûпܷ
ż˵û£ǲйǿĸٶأǸӣʱдǲҪĲǾȥڴ뼸߽˽㹤ǮܵĻһЩӦùˡ
һ˵ţû˵붯ŵǮ֪չǿҪģЩҪȥģ⸧һΪһݣһݣѾ͡չǿҽڶ˳
ũæζֵӽˣӻеæĺƬɹɣ߲ؽؽ߽ԲĲɹɱ棬¶
һæȥɵǮ¶ܵռŵľһЩȥϸ˺ȥǩϸ֬°װ
ʱһСģŲƱ˵ҪһЩ·̸֪֮һ˼°ģ˼Ҷ̫죬ͷһӣ׼·̫ȥһЩ·ɣСӳĿ᲻ãƱʵڲõã̵Ĳֹĺܡ
үԼѰ޲ó൱Żݵļ۸ǡ
ȥǮһõģҲһЩƱ
вƱͺãͶ̵Ĳ
һʳһٿǮʱ򣬾ͣ֡Ȼժͷϻ˵Ĳñ̵
ǵĵɫ̵ʱϤϴҲ̫˰ɣٻ̵ˡ
콨˴Сܻ˭
һ̾ȥкˣ֪ܲ˱ܿ˼ױܾôһҲôŤÿһû뵽󷽷ĳ֣콨ûɱܿ˰ɡ
콨һС֪ܾ࣬ȵӣʵҲôƽϵˣֻһʼܾһûӣȻû˼ؾǿңҺαǰۣһܿͱܵڡ治ǹġ
һ˳̵ĸԵĽ콨˵һʴ⣬һȤȥׯС
һˬĴӦˡ
ȱǮĿһֱӸ콨ؼңȻͱСССӻŵĶһ۾

ܶʱͷܴжأȴҪ۾һߵ֡
һ̨ʮȥĶģôɲɣ
һСһĵͷɣ
ȱǮǷӣôܲɡ


 35 

ԭʧ⼸, ǸЩȥ, һһ, ЩԶ˻ġ
һûиǮ, ٸ֮ǰСĵĵǲʲôëûаװҲû˵飬Ϊ˶ܼŰȥ˰װġ˳˵ˮǴͷġ
Ƿõʱ򣬼˿һˣ˳Ǹס, ˵ǳ֪࣬á
ʲôѵģһֻá
֪ڱص, Դһġ콨ʮֲм, ʲô, е˼Ҽһ
һҼĺ, ھӼУ͵͵˼ҵġ
˳ʿһ᲻
ǲᣬû
˳Ӽҡͷ, Ϊźӡ
˵ǣúõģһŶؼ, ̿ʼȥżŸǷӣߴſһ㿪ʼ
ʳˣׯﶼʳˣЩҲνףĶȥ
ǷӵģǱԼҪżһǲףļûˣۣæ٣϶ʱ򣬷ӻûи
ŵĴߴ٣һһ˼ҲԣͲտˣչǿֻϱʲôûУΪʲôŷӣ
һֱȥǮʹĥӳֱӱʾľ
ŪשߵǸڹש
һţҪȥЩשʯˡһ󶯾˶֪»ҪǷҪש߷
ոգҶڷյϲϢ˵Ҫæ
ûԤϵģΪԼû˶˼ҰԼԼҿܰﲻȥæ˻ءһһ»ƣҲ֪Ƕϱ˻ƵĹͣһɨüͷչ˲٣ǮȥھӼҶʳ֮ࡣ
һţͳȥʯͷֻשͷɸǲӣʯͷػ·ǵĿĵطǳȷʯͷ
Ǳߣ̶ӵ˻ûг룬ԱǶؼңһűӣҲ֪ڿʲôһкͿʼŪʯͷ˶ʶһҲѾܹкû˹ܡ
ֱֻƽĴʯͷЩõСʯӡ
Ҳڸæ˾ʹȤһ߸ŵǲ󣿡
һӣñӣϵı飬ֻܿһ㲻ˣһЦھӼСұܡ
Ŷ㻹Сء
һǹȥˣ˵ʼʱ򣬿һӸֱƼͳǰ֮йһͳӵҥԣڷ·ʲô¶ûзһ㡣
ŶģʼΪһˣҵĳӣΪɶأһ벻ס
ɻɵһʱ򣬳ͻȻ˵ֻСһꡣ
һͷסȷǱСһ꣬ûͷûβĻҪӺ˵𰡣

ʯͷһţһǽĵػţ˵ʱ򣬿һһȺΧһڿǺ
һҲȥɽɽźŲãźŽ֧ĸ߸ߵģӵ߲ϵɢ㣬ɢ㡣
һȥǸϰŪˣ磬Ǯģ
ǰ۾ͷ֧ţĺܺá
Ǵʮֵ⣬һʮ飡ټƱڰٻ̵ģ
һܸӵһʾԼĽ̾
ĹѺܿߣNɪɶҪһƱҲһ
Nɪɶ˭Ƶģؼ۲ûƱ𣿡
ǰûƱʱʲôҪƱһǷһƱƱһǷһƱȻҲͨõƱȯǹҵȯȻҲǳĲõãһҲôš
һ۾һҪвҪƱ򣿡
һղŴˣȻ˺ǺһЦһѾЦʲô˲Ҷˣôһٶأ˵ĹٸߣȻгԺ˺ӣʮŴŽ¶˵˵ġ
ȻȻ￴̻졣
˵׵ĲˣֻʣĵжװҲ޼£ͷ󺹡
ǵص⡣ϤΧǳӡ
˲ŵ̧ͷİͻȻ⣬һ㱩ˣ˵ʲô⣿
˵ע֮һɬͨ·⣬Ҫ𿪡
⻰˵ӣ˿ˣһָţһҵ⡣
ӻȦһ£ҳӰЧ𿪾һҲСʵĹ첢ӣҪԪһ㲻⣬ҪŲ·
ֽװˣԿѾ飬װķǳ
ٸ˵ʱѾͣǰ
ȻģȻô˭û뵽һСܶô
Сʱ򿴹ʽĵӹܣҪµľܣҲᡣ˵
˹Ŀ࿴ӲһƱΪ޺ĸл


 36 

һźö˶, ûԼҵ, ˭Ұ, аٻ̵ģȳ
ǵ͵Ͷ, ɲϽףҲûģԸĻġ
Ƶţϣһ㡣ʯͷʱռ˺öʯͷŪЩ, ׬ǮҪġ
Ȼи˹ǣʲôʱõǮ
һЦˣһʲôʱҪ, ʲôʱ, ׼ǮҰɡҼҾסڳׯ, ȥ˾ʳӡ
г, ģܶǮ򲻵ΪƾƱӦֻҪҶ, һ治ȥ
ӽͣҼҾҺѸЩ˽, ģҵĵطйǮġ
ɫã֪ҰС·ðţһС峵·Ƶľϲĸ𣬡׬Ǯ׬ǮҶ֪ôһ⣬һ޹
˶ȸͲҰԧ죬ïܵĹľԣһðһµ죬һëϡͷһܹӰҲ֪˭С֮Լء
һһһ˵ʯͷǷӲûз̨ȫȥ֮׬ʮ飡
콨ĺܣȫȥˣѰһȥ̨ȻһŮӡ
һǮһŴẒ̌Ȼллһᣡ
ʮŴŽûȣ͸ȥš
ӿŷϵĴŽᣬ΢΢۾Ǹʲô
ı꣬˵װҵġʵڳӼңڳӼǰĿԺûסˣڿšó֤ۺ飬һǲ˵ġ
óһŵ·ͼţ㿴·ͼҪģѧѧҪĻ㲻Ϳˣ
ΪʲôҪأʡ
һȻϵʮǮһתһģֱ׳Ȼɵ˵ΪʮǮ㿴ֵǹԱһͥȥԺ֮롣
ǿһ˻֮ŵõϢ֪ڵũ壬ָõļͥһҲһٶ࣬ǻһʮˣһ붼׳е롣
ԳҪۺ󣬲Ҳֻô࣬ԺȥҪάޡ
ӵͷֽǮװ˿ڴ
ȻתݣһĺʵóһƱһӪƱд̷һһǵƱӸǸʰǸ˸ġ
̷ƱʵǸߣΪƱǮҲһ̷ۡҲ֪Ǹôģһ̷Ʊл񣬴ǲøǮɣ±ٱͶʲôġƱֲһǴ롣
ӵִָкںڵ·һ˫˪̷֣ƱʮֿܲܰһЩ̷ۣ̲һЩӪҪ̷۲龫ҲС
δеܾܾڵһݰδһ飬һʮֵӺˣһֱҲǿŵϣæǷӣһֱ֪ġаӵĻᣬһȻֻ˼˰룬̴Ӧ
̷ۣ̫ˣδпָ
صһ̻ȥռ䣬濰һأ濴ӰƩӹ̷ʲôģ˵ҲѰ顣
һȲҪ̷øӣŽסջҪȥĶǲҸӶ
ŶһһԴԣҪǷأĵػˣҲöˣһëǮĻúõĿӣѡ˺졣
ԴһȵĿһ侲ص̷۵İװȥװŤľɾɣֻʣһɫûκϴܷװţ©֮󣬿һŷĵĽڴͷ
죬Се׳ȥˣЩ֪ǡһ⽻ţЩֲֲ֪࣬ܳԿ֪ǣһһ˿˿ĺøжޡȻһҲһԱǻѽ
ǱŲٳţھӰæһҪʳʲôģϵԼ֪ʵȥŪȥˡ
˳ӲʶܿǸ˵飿ĵ·ͼ
һüëһôǿΪҲһҲҲῴޣ
һ۾գ˵ѻҪܸҽ۵ʮǮԺȥҶܱޡ
ʮǮǲܵʮǮģ˳ӱʾļ۸Ѿͣһ̨׬˶Ǯ
̨ģԱһ
ǿһõģõģȥȥ̳һȦû̷龫̷Ȼûе龫һޣһ龫ֻ˰̷Ʊһ̳һ龫
Ȼ̳ĵǻǰפģȥҪҪҪƱֻһ˵¸µܵҪ飬ҪϵʽĲûʲôջ
ӿռһף˼ҡ
źܸˣȽ龫Ȼ󽫴׵˼ǰæǿǣܿ˼ҡ
ڿһæµűֹۣϣǺ¡иŸ˵ĻһȥŪࡣ
ȥ˳ӣһ̷ۣһ龫óʣһҲյ˳Ӿϲϸмı顣¼һҪ¼
ӺܿʶЩϲˣڵµǮ𣬻٣
һһӣ̨óǮҰ޺þˡ


 37 

ǷӵٶȱҪĶ, Ůһժ, ھӼҲԼҳԲùŮһл
ǰͷ, ҰߵķӲŸû೤ʱ䣬ָ·, ϱѽ
ǣû˹ǿҲϵġ
һھǵĲʺƨһЦྐྵӣò˵˶ϲĻ
˵ǿһأǴûҵǿ˵ܻ, һˣԲԲģá
⻰һͲ, ˲ȥ, ˭ϡչǿ
û, ҲѸٵĳȥ, ҪģͻˣȻǸ˻ؼ, ӲûСԺһҸŮҲͰˡ
˶ԶʶȤĲٶ˵

תۼ䷿Ѿȥ, ƬҲѾʼ裬еСӿֵڵϼˮӲǺͻ֮󣬿»ƵķӾͿˡ
ʱո˵һѩ˵ǣﲢûùԿһķӸǺ֮󣬴ҶĿʱ䡣
һǮʣһʮ飬չǿһʮ塣
ӽ޺óһ޺õǸճġ뵱һʮǮһõһ
ĻǮͻֶǲԻسصǸУг
Ѿͣ˺ܾõţˣӼģӿһʼǮʼѾܾûյţһΪѾѹ˼û뵽
Ϸ￾ھڻǰ죬İĥʱõ
ųܹļ¾͹˵
Ǹշһܹ֪˶Сϱ¥ǰǶģ˺ûãܹС֡
ҲŲ˵ӻûأǵϱȥϹ۸ʵ¡
ܹܹɼǶʵ
޶ͷյĺܣֱ˵Ҫң˹ˣɶӦСϱߣ
һ˵Ҳͦ˼ģֻҪȺŮ˲ڱԼǾһжá
ϵʵ˲죬һ֮ȥ
ǵý꣬ϱӵʱ򣬿¼ҵŮģڿ¼׶֮ضޡ 
һԽԽɫȻΧȺǵע⣬۵İСһЩ
֪ʲô£ǵʿһǲǼ﷢ʲô£һŴЩ׵ļгЦ˵û¡
һøſЩھ˵Ұ绰һؼأ˵׵ʱæһȥæŪҲҪˣ׼һЩױ
費ûһĻٳֲ˹ŮţզҪȥ
۴ӵĻƣ׻Ҫˣôصȥ
һЦˣĿǰ˵ֲиԼͥõķ˶֪ҶԵܵƫģʲôѹեˡ
˳Ż˵ǰҸزȥû취ǰҲȥŪ֪Ⱥ⣬ǵĹϵҲá
˶ʾ⣬ǿһڼ˽꣬·ŴҲ򵥵ĴҪһӣҪЬʲôģҪȵˡ
ΪľҲûؼҹѽľǡԱǳŵÿ꽻һʳ֮󣬼򹤵ˡһʮǮһɣ߸˵ˡ
һҲŸһӶ̤˻ؼҵ·
ʵûؼҵģΪ˺ǸҽϵһڱУһοԼһˣԺҲûˡ
ʮҲ̫ģԾɻصͬһͬ
һվڿ¼ҵſڣһԥҪҪȥӿŸָӵ˷ǿ¼˵ʱֱӽ¼ѪѪ˵ռȵǸ娛
Կ¼ԾģʱͲ¥ҵˮﲻסʵˮھϴϴˢˢֵסĶꡣ
ڶԿ¼û˿Сĳǰ̲ס뵽ȥ
վʲôأǼСݲˣ
һ㲵ĴǰۣһŴƤǳİףҲǳķ顣۽ϸϸ·裬ʯ䡣
ʯŴſóԿףŽȥѾͷҲкһŶûأûӰĻˣվſڷ㶣ɶ˭ˣ
ӵңһССķ䣬Ӹ䣬Ϊңһǿﻹ鷿ĹܣһϾɵĿҵ̯ţּͬ
Ұأһһ仰ʯ߶
ȥˣҪˣŶءʯŮĻеˣĸƵģũңҲ֪ؼҰæ
ȥũңڼۻɡһŵܵܵҵ˳еˣҵʮоŸǴġ𾪡


 38 

һ仰ŭʯ, ôôһŮ
ô, ҿ衣
һ㶼˵ļ, ֪죬㻹ʲô, 粻
һЦЦԼ·ͷС棬ΪŮڿ¼棬ȷҪһǿࡣ
һ˵ǣͨ˵¶ģΪ¶÷ǸͷˣĹ֣趥޻˵ʱ, ʯͻһ˵ǡ
νͳԼ·ϴһ״ްµģĶƵ, ǰȥ֪ʱ, ʯ׼ȫҵ
һԼԼ, ʯûеõӦ, ΪӮˣˢһƿӣܵϻ, ȥһ£֡
ӣ
ԼԶûеõκεĽӴ, ƾʲôȥǣ
һƵʰԼĶѾӽˣʯû˼涼Ѿķ㣬ĶӹĽţϧӱӣģǿĽƣһ·űӵζģѾˣԡ
̫ˣһֱҲ֪ʯʲôڵϾرԸ񣬲Ǹ˭ѾεĲǮʯһ취ġ
νˡ
ʯƿӿ˼أÿζǿһ̵ʰʮֵĲҲһֱˤӴġ
һȻļԼ飬ⷴʯܻ
ڵȵһڻԶСܵЦ
֣óԣ컹ԣв
ǮͳԣûǮ˵ǿ¼ҵˣ˳Ͽ¡
һƿӣؼҵˣﶼǴСģϿµ˵˾䣺ϴˡ
ǶͷԹˣ
ǿ˵Թˣ裬㲻ԣҽˣҽһ԰ɣŶ㣡
¶÷Сܣ˵
ʯüëһʲôԣϳԶˣͲԷˡһԵʲôԼɣú򲻶ˣ̫Ūʲôԡ
һƬĬǿ˵ΪԼ˵ʲô졣
һЦЦתһһӱҿúҲˣھ극ȥ𡣡
Ͽ³ջȥ˼㲻㷹һʲôԼڼ𡣡
һЦﲻͲʲô񰡣˵˵¡
Ȼתȥˡ
һĿɿڴϿ½дšΪ񡱵Ĳ豭õ졣
һҪھӼҪԣеھӣˡ
һô¥ڳԷţ
һżĴ滹ˣھġﻹһϡҲģֻҪһһʮʵʵʵ֪
ǵھ۷׷ףΪ򱧲ƽ˵¼Ӳ񻰣һҪЦΪǱ⣺ҰڼҲͦ۵ģû¡
Ȼҡͷ̾ϢԶˣһ¸˾֪
Ͽºʯڷҧгݵģ˸ʲôŮһӶҲûŵģûʱҪǼҵ
ϿƮƮĽӻ˭˵أŮǶ¡
ʯһǻӺŷֽջأγϿ£ҸŮһӣҪһӰ
Ͽ±ͷдҵĶӣдҵģٿŮһģ̳ġȵĴŮأϰװ׵ģ۾˫ƤһֱߣǶ쵰СɰĲ񻰣ԽԽƯ
ûﱧ˵ġϿ˵

һһսеھӼ¼ҵӣҪ̵һһҪƴԼĶŮɽġ
ǿһڼҵľ࣬ຬɳӰָɣĻҲ޹ؽҪˣװ
תۼ͵˹ݵʱ죬һֵģǶõĶҪݡһͦߵСӣһһ㶣۾ס˰ӣֱ㶵Ŀһһμÿ
ʱúõһСԵḡˣʯۿɼĳȥȥһһ̶㿪
ЦЦվԶһЩ
¶÷ĶиҲǴ֪ã֪ΪʲôҲˣĻһˣ¼Ҷһ
ʯͿ¶÷̫ˣʣ٣Ǳ·ССĺڵ㣬ͬλá
Ůӳıȿ¶÷ÿĶ࣬¶÷ȫʯķ棬ȲʯİףŮرİףӤʵһ˫۾裬ͷںڣܴҵϿµӰӡ
һ֪еģȻ֪ǿ¼ҵŮʮǰͿһ
˷ܵĸ¶÷˵㿴ô֪Ѹ㳤ҵһۼ;̫ˣҸ˵šҾʹˣ壬ӣɣ
ʯ·𱻵ѨȻ⿪Ѩһ㣬˵⣬öһˣһɡ
һŮܾˣһֱ˳˳ˮ˳֮Ķ󣬻ҵ˹Ĺº̣ͳ˽ȻҪһռȵŮˣһԱȡ
Ů÷ͬ־ͬһɬС÷ϴźڵ׺컨£ӴǰȻڱ˼һ˵󷽡
ŮһȥɢȻҪܶ˵ע⡣ס˼ʮھӣͿ¶÷ޱĹȻҪǰѯһġ
Ҷ÷һǸ˭Ŀ񡣡
ʶĻΪǸҵ׹ŮƵġ
Ҫ֪֪׵ģΪŮء
Ҷţھ£ȻܵһԣΪ׼˵ķʵ
ʯ䶼ǲǲԼǴˣʱʱһӣԼ֪ģ
ϿҲɻĿ⿴ʱܲˡͷ׵ʱѾſǻ㲻ôңһ¶㶼ôꡣȺǻҷǵǹɡ


 39 

޷Ǿȥתת, ڵĽֵ, չ, ֻмǺ«ڽϣ۷Ź, ·Ŀͻ
һɲС۷Ź⣬һԵģǸõĶһ²ؼӡ
һǸ˵ǸǮģװûп, һֳ۹ȥһеʱ򣬾þ㱻˵Ҳν
ڼ˿Ŀ֮£һĿбӵ߹ȥ
÷ĽŲס, ʮֵǫ, ˵ллǴҹ, ǳǺ«ɡ
һͣס, аɣǾͲˣҪɽ髺һġлл÷á
ø첲ƶ, ޹˼ɵ˵㻹ͦĹʲôҲϽ
һЦЦ, Ҳù˼δ÷ӣȻǰʶ÷÷ôҼˣǾѣģʲôÿġ
÷Цţ΢΢ҲŸͣѽһ˵ĶԣһƤҳԷǺ«ҲӦõġ
һ۷ɨһΪ˼ŮӴ򱧲ƽԼü䷹ԼӦĺƤ˾Ͳˣ
÷ҪǺ«ݸЦʮ޺ҽʮˣ󣿡
ǿҽҲʮˣʮҾû󡣡
Ƕģأ
ǿͷˣҲǵˡ
һЦţǼҲգҲǶµģ°˺š
¿ˣ÷Ƕʮյġ˲գǿȲıҽ죬ģ㿴Ŵһ㡣
Ǵһ㣬ǿѡ
һĳɽ髣ɺѾÿ¶÷˻ɣǿǿܵܣȻڹִ˵űҴһɺģĺӿһЩʹȨɡ÷ЦݶѾάֲסˡ
صңǿ˷ܵĸ˵ʲôʲô
ķ˶Ѿ׼ˣʯڰӣŮ֮ʲôɣŮпԭˣǴŮҲһүӣܲˬ
һŲЩأֻԼѾΪʮֵ裬·һˣͱһ˰ɣϾҪĹϵûάȥıҪ
һôģҲôġ
ʯɫǳãпˣҲҪάֲסˣ̲סóָɣı£ôˣҲ֪æôء
һΪ÷ϴֿʼ˲ʢ
һңһ˭ǿأһǼŮһǶŮСӣ⼸ģҪۿˣǵһŵϺŵĿ˰ɡ
ʱ˵棬ֻҪϱһȵ﷢ǵŮȻˡ
ʯʶ˷·һأǿ̾˵Լļţҽ÷һ󣬻һģֻ죡
ֻţ仰ûʲô𶯣Ѿĺӣֻȥ֡
Ա÷֪ΪʲôҪһأԭ÷һֱǰȥˣĺ͵Ҫ޵ɽȥԿܲҵļʵû֮ˡ
ʯʮͬ̾˺˺ȡڳһңҵõãҲ۾ͻȥҴ֧飬ɳû˭ǿɲϲ¶
ĸһУʱ֮֮ĸŮһ顣
÷ʵ˵ллʾСû裬¼ѵܵ˼ͥů
һûʲô磬ҲãͻȻ˵÷ҼҲô˵ġ
ˣٿһεĽֺץأȻû˵ΪԭдģһϼԼˮＸûվŵλãĸ׶һ˶ȶãȴûԼѾռ˱˵ʮꡣ
ʱĿһʵڲƻ߼ʣڱţԼ̲סֱĸŮԲ
ǿһ󷽵סˣǺϵֻҪһ֪࣬ͻ̸˵ݰݣɾ䣬·ʮֶһΡ
ʯ÷Ҫϵʽ˵һ;УԺܰһһѡ
ǿҴǷӼﶼûǮܰʲôæ
Ƿ¶ʯĹǽʲô¶ܸ˼ĸһ𣿡
ǽǿԼǷôͲˣһ˵
ʯûϵŮʱѣпˣ˵ֻǿһӾһŮǷӸɶʱҪôسǣҪôҸ˼ˣ˻飬ô죿𣿡
һһ㣬ݺݵĳһڣǲģڲԺûᡣ
޳ȥŮóȥˮǷӻǸʲô㲻ǮȥһİˣҲûʲô˵ġ
ǿһ˵ǡ㰡
һ˵ܵܣͷһξܾܵȻһɰ
ʯɫã촽ˣһ֮ϿأѾصˤ˿ӣʾˡǿ¼ǺҪˣǰѿġ
˿һ
֣ҪǿʹĲþҾ͸㻻һ˫
Ͽµıǿ׳ŴһȦ
ûûεľǿǿͬ־ˣϵȷѪ꣬Ҹġ
һͿǿǰĹͷ
ʯǳԲǴȫȻǿһŮѾɸܾʵһԵĶˣ̲ס˵˾䣺Ҳ֪ŵܵõ㡣
ɽ磬ǿ¼ҵĹôԴģһ֮ǰĸȰĻʱ⣬Ϊʲôѧʱѧȵʱ򣬻硣Ȼʯͬ־Ӳʩ˵ðθм磬ǿһĳԡ
һ仰ʯҭ˵ˡ
¶÷ߴţӹȫ˸ˣǰãʲôΪ룬ڿ졣ڿɲһˣúóʲôѹƽֹߡģ͸ŵվĸߣ޳ȥŮóȥˮôؼ
⻰˵ģһһ䣬ǿ¼ҶӦеӣѪпᣬĵӴġ
һЦ޳ȥŮͲܻˣóȥˮɵ˸Ӻˣ裬ҲôİɣʲôóȥˮҪǮҼ޳ȥ֮ʮǮ˵ǽģˣûǮ˰ɡ
ʯճ鶯һ£޴룬ÿǶ죬˵һֵôԣҿû˼
ϤϳһֺãƺһĴĸػÿһʯͬ־ܶһ㰮ģֺһܹõİ
ʮǰԼôİɣӦǵġһ侲š
Ҳһôİɣ裬ǮңԺ󲻻ңóȥŮһκεòҪͷģ˳ͷҪܳͷĴۡ
ϿµıǿһﲻǴˣ˶ðƫƫŮڸǰܲܳ
סӣڴߴʯ
ʯ俴ǸŮúŪβ⼸̹ˡŮسѾüĿʱֶһܲھ͸Ů϶
ʯ伱żĲ÷ô˵ģʱ޸Сԣһܲؼ
¶÷ŲӣһĲ
ʯתԴһͺܺͷϸ꣬Ҷ˵ˣһƽϡ
ҿһ㶼ûϴ˼ȻóȥˣܲܰҶ裬ǮҰɡһ˵
ϿʵܲˣŮ˵ҪϢ㵽ôԼ˵ɣ
Ҫÿ¶÷ҵǸһƮƮġ
ҪǸĿ¶÷𾪵ĵɴ۾ţ޿ɾҩ
Ǹܣ


 40 

ڼλҾͲӦûһһ, ǮҰ, ҾóȥŮ
һѾǳ, ǳһΪܲĵŮ˶ĳû˽, ϶ʲô
ʯɸֵĴ˶Ůһ첲£ﻹôˣ˵ĻǻǽãǴҶģ֪ǰǸ㣡
¶÷ͣԼ, һƫģǸ׳Ĭٿ, һĪӡ
Բ, , Ҳô˵¶÷踺ص
һһ֣֪˾ͺ, Ҳ͸üˣ˵ûŵĿɲáֻΪ㲻سΪû̺á˵ǰ
ͻȻ, δӵЦۣӹȻ˵ķǳÿ
, ûδ޲޵˫ۡ
һ£Ȼ˵˸ǣʹûõ뿪
ﺢӲ£Ժ氡ûͦµģ㳣죬Ƕϰˣʯ˵
һһƵģÿֺʱҶǮ˻°ø£Ǯ𣿡
ʯ䲻ϻˣ֪˵ٶҲûһá
Ŀ뿪һʰһ£һֽһЩǮƿӳȥ
һѼʰʰһٷ۵ۣˢˣʣ˷ŵȥ
һ֮ϿĬΧǵѹô꣬ʮָմˮ
ҰŪɣҪ㶫Ӵȥġһ䵭ľܾ
Ͽ´ʱѾǵѹˣֻһͷϴܣǿһγŴ
ǿ˭˵˷ܣǣ
ϣ
һѾԶˡ
࣬һ쵽Ϊϴ·ҾǼӣ˭ҰֶУǰˡĸ׵߶ǿգգ۾һ㲻⡣
㻹ûҶɻأզ֪Ҷ㲻ɣдĵĿˣˢ¡

뿪ĿһȻʯ߶ҲԼĸף˼ϻŮ֮Ǹİˣα⡣
ųӸֽǳپд˼Ӹ⼸ʣµҲ޺á
ÿһʮ㣬ʱûУҲɾʮĴǰߡ
·˶ãһЩĻ
Ұſһ𡣰ôÿҪʲôĶҪѹһͷҲǵģ㶼˵ǿ¶÷δܿᶼˡ
ֻܺţϱĲ󣬲ǸбҵȸʱĹѧתġͥɷݻ򵥣ǳˣҪ֣ȥ˼ﰡѵŮܸܲ賳ܣǲȢ𣿡
¶÷ΪЦһ
ȴ˵ЦЦ飬Ȼղ˵ʲô˶Ѿˡ
¶÷˵ҴСʲôǺõģ·Ҫµģÿζľɵģݵʱ˶ÿʲôóԵҲô˵ôҶ׽㡣
δ޼üŪۣԼİʾϧ찡һֱͣ
Ҳõˣ֮вģҸҽҲſһ߽亹ˡ
ã˵ЩڣȷСǣǼϴҴ·ȻҴ·ٴǣ·ҲǽеļΣʱǼı˵ľ·ǸϲңҲûа취ҳƯûаĺÿҲֵܹͷϰɡ
һƳ˶һۣʩʩȻ뿪
˿¶÷ӳתΪ̲סĺޡ
÷ǰ棬·ߣ֣СԼĴڸС˭Ͽһûһֱۣ뿪ˡ
һ·ȥҵ˳ҪĶǷƤһֽʱ򣬲üͷ̧ۿİ
һ΢Цţ˵ʲôҲͷҲҡͷҲͲˣתóҪԪ
ϲģлİ˰ҪɶСȻ˵Ƥȥˡ
һصʱȻϣ¶÷ſڸߵʹϡ
ǿʹɫȻССǰ棬ҵ÷˶٣һ̼üŪ۵ġһЦŸһã˳ǡ
ĸʯݰϰϵֻۣϿ³ĬڿǿĶ档
˵ˣһţôˣ治ԣʲôҲڷ˵롭
ûе³־䣬һ˵ͻȥһڼҲǱߵݣкüˣҲûȥˡ
ų۵ʯܳҲͼ·¶㻹ȥɶŹļڣйѧȸϰϰôҸس͵ûǻ£һͺģáǵøšʲôΪõһ仰Ҳ̫˸ĸˡ
һ
ʵ˵һԼǲһˣ
Ŀ¼ҵŮôһжͦģ¼ҸĸһСƫģܵ˵ǱȽϿԵĸĸǿ¼ҵŮ
Ѿ¶ģҳѧҵʽĿ̫Сˡ˰ɣҸ˵ˣߵĲ࣬ϻȥ˼һڼҹҲͦġ
ʯ伤һĴȣ⺢ӣôôɵѽֻҪѧܱ֮¶ǿˣũһûĺô˲óٽֵĹϵһܣҸĹ¡
˵껹ڴĿſһܸһЩķӦ
һѾŭˣǧ㣬ĸȻһǮοѾ˵ˣǮǷˣǲģء
һǵϱӵ¶Ҳʱ㣬Ҳĸ̬һǿӲֱǮȻܹϵ˭֪г˱ʣ÷ͻȻ֣¼Ҹĸ֪ԼҵŮ˵õĸһܹϵʱ˸գ÷
һʿ¼ҪǮʱҲֻҪһС룬ʯ֮Ϊһ롣
һˣ붼룬ȥ¸˭һҪߵģҶ˵Ķԣ裬͵ҵһưˮóȥ˰ɡ
ǣټҲá


 41 

һԵʰԼĶ, ǿ¼ҵ·, һ㶼ûж, ŵҲֻԼðġ
Ȼϸ룬־Լ̫, ʲôѽ˴˿¼ҵģ÷ҲԴҵʲôأǷſ¼һ
¶÷ҲװˣվŴ㣬û뵽Ȼܹزֻ֮Ϊ, ȴû뵽ô࣡
趼ΪˣҿĨء¶÷͵͵ƿӿһۣȻ߿һ
һޱ, һ
, Ҫȥ, ˵ڸŪسء㶼أ¶÷ʡ
йģҪȥ, Ҿ͸˰÷϶Ҳڳ, ĸɻˡ¶÷˵
ȥöй¶Ķǣõȥ˵һװͰ͵ġֻҪһ뵽Ǯ÷߹ϵɶģ
ڰ, ¶÷һأԼȥͷʣʣʰˡ¼ң˿һסԼǮƣĺ֮⣬ĶǳƲ
ʱ˿̣ڿ¼ңһݵľǲŮĽɫԭµĸоãԭͳҸˣ˸ҵĸо̫ˬˣ
һʰһĶ˵һˣ뿪
ߵ¥£һ򳿹иո˯ѵͲ¥֣ⱲһοͲ¥ˣӭҪ˭գҲҪĳͥһ˳ԱȫҲԼĶǼҡ
Ȼˣһûм𳵣ҪϲŷһˣôҲøǴ㵱زɡ
ëΧ棬һҲ

¼Ҳƽ¶÷˵Ҫȥʱ򣬾⵽ĸ׵
ʲôģȺ㶼ˣ㶼ûһΣ֪ȥ档ڼš
¶÷ίίڼˣû˸ѽһĶһ֪ΪԤ֪µķ䵼ĺ¶÷ûлȥҲ޴ӵ֪÷Ǵģĸʲô֡
ǿ¼ҸĸȻҲ޷ֻ֪йһ֮ԵŮӣǵŮ
ʱĿһڰٻ¥ɨҲ֪ʲôӵСĸͼϵůˮֱĿԻϣƷһ㱻չʾгĿϾӡ
Ϊ˲ñ˽ǮһǮԼϣһ֪ǮִţҲͲǵǮˡ˻ȥýһЩСһЩģůˮСƤЬйĲĳȹɫģѵõȴв̫۵ɫһԼѩ׵ƤԼܳĵɫģˡ
ʮ͸вʮܣȹӻʮǮ
Ʊĸ߼Ʊȫ֮󣬿һԺΧ֡
¼ҵ鱻׵ԺӦú֪ܿǵŮ˭ȻŮأӦǺ޲Ӵ˲ٳֵġ
һűӦøܹϵҹǮӻ̹֮ĻصλڳׯСӵļҡ
ѾͶӳ˵˳ߵҪԼĶϱѾ·ڵ˺þãԶǼ¸ǵĴӣȻݵʱЩݶԼҵĶϱĪԶϱǳšǮĵͶ뵽ǷˣҪǶϱߣǻǷӸʲô
Ǳ˲ôġ
ӳϱ˵ɩҵĶϱǴô˼ҳ֪࣬ôΣôСɽĻȥˣҲС
ǲãҲɩӸ߷˭ҷɣæզˣ˼֪ܴþʹã㲻ǳģôһѸҲҪټ˵ġʱǿҾʣɩһˣ˵ôţ
ӳϱ̾ȷˣɩӻиӣʮֵĲףʱ˭ΣǵΪӳɷţֵռȥһ屣ǵʱɾ͵ˡ
뵽ӳϱ̾Ϣһĸɷˮ
·˷ܵĺͶӳ˵Ŷϱһ˵Χ˵ôˣʲôΧѽ֪һǮ·ӵĵŴҪõģ˵ԺҪסĶúõŷ㣬Ҳġ
ӳ˵ͦãҪԺ֪ϱسǵʱܴسǾͺˣǲĺáԼҲͲˡ
תۼ˾Ѿ˻վصģúģʯӵĻ𳵾һͳû
ʡʻµһСվʮּªм˿³һࡣ
һƤͣ£ŵ˲࣬Ҳ˼ˣǶǿһ
᲻Ǵˣ
һοֽk567ȷûȻˣһӰȻûг֡
Ѿ˲õĲ²⣬Ҳ˲ȷ뵽Щ˵ģϱǸˣܸһӣǮԼץáûм֪ܴµģûЩ֪࣬ˣһ˵һ˺ӶҪˣҲҪؼȥ
֪ϱҪߵģڲû
ϱ˽˵ʱûɷ˿ûӣɲܰǼ
ǸТֻǵͷ˵ʲôּҾѾֳˣǲ̰϶ĲҲҡ
ɣϴôһ
ӳŻɩôһĻҰЩģܽû򵽻أһٵȵȣ
ʡᵽһһ
ðɣӳ£𣬲Уڳԯϣ˵ˡѾʼ˼δ⣬ӻһÿ±ýӼõ㣬ҵլӣŵָھǣÿٷָɩһЩʳҲɩ˰ɣ
ȵɩ˲ܶأҲ϶ӳҪĵˡչķ֣
˵һڻԶͿźͶӳΪ˴ľǻƾɵ·Ķأڿռŵȵ˻𳵣Ҹտ˵ĵطʰġ
˭֪ܴô簡
Ȼ࣬ҲǱǰʱ򣬴ʱҲ٣ҹǵүԾʱÿ˶¶⣬ÿ˶ŴĿڴѾ˺ܶ˵ע⣬һ´δӲĶҲ̫ʵ
ƴĸһ³ˣȻܵɽеĶóװţƤȻźͶӳǰ
ΪֻĻѣȴżĿҪˣ⣬ʲôÿ޵ģ
ͣ߶˾ͺã˾ͺá
һӳһ̣ͷӳӣģȥ顣
һӳĿڴˣתοԼţǻûпֹ˺þų֣ŵšһȻҪĸоô᲻м޳ȥŮóȥˮΪ˴ļˣǾͲǺü˵ĸ֮󣬺ΪңֻСׯļңɵϡ


 42 

һĶ, Ůǵĺ䶯
ҪǿһɫΧ, ŵĲ, ɫֺÿеɫǴɫ, ǿǵŵѾˣһɫġ
Ϊ˵ýļŮ˶ˣˣһҲǺҪǿΧһƿůˮƿ
һҲΧһǴģɫرĺöֹЩأ˵ڹд˵л, вڽϵůЬŶ
ҶĽһ֪ϱռ֪ϱĹ
һɲռĹ, մչǿĹ, ҪĲ, ҲûбǮ׬Ǯ, ûбǮ׬ǮȻҲûǮЩ
һ룬, 𾪵Ļںͷء
һųȥ˳¼ң, Ҫȥģ̷۾ó
ӱǰʱһЩʱ۾Բˣôˣҵ˼ǣôô磿
һֽӣһ˺öȻҪһ㡣
һûôӴˣȻôֵĺΧϵˮƿô֪ܲ
һóӿЩ۷Ź⣬汣ֽӺϴ̰װԺá
Ϳʼ죬ӰŪߣޱȵרעһͳ
һϧĿۣ̫ˣͺˣһ
ֵһ£ֺ̨רŲ˸һ򻨣ְ˿䣬ҷ֦Ѿ~
תҡͷԣûֻûʮͣ־õǲ
ĸǰʽĳƬҲ׸裬ȴԶԶʱãſһĺ߳Ҳ̲סиź͡һϣ˾ûг
һһ㲻˼һ㷢գĶ϶Ѿˣ˵ҲѾˡ
ȴĬʲô
һǳȵʣҪҳԷ
Ӳף꣬ﵽҼңҲӦд𣿡
һȻŶǰ⻹ǹأʮĹݵҲûУοųʮ
֮͸ԼһҪͳӸùϵû뵽֪ľˣҲܺͳӹݵˡ
ϲֹ㣬˵֮󣬿һ֪ͳӼˣΨһһͿһݵġһʱϢҲԼ׬ˡ
ɣԺӸǵ̳Ǳ˶פţֻҪһ绰õۣõĵطˬ᣿
һˡ
̿ſһҲϲС峺ܿóһӸѵģûʲôĿģʲôĿӸʲôûСҲֻӸ˿ͼҪͼˣǿɾͺඡ
һ̴ţͷƤ飬ҽȥˡ
ڳһҵ˳ӳһԭ򣬷ðӣһֻȳ˰ߡ
һֻˮϴ㣬ҰˣȻ⳴硣вУ
ȻУֱ̫ˣһˮɫޣʺһܺó԰ɡ
û£ʮǮ޺ıꡣǽѣҲԿɣҶʮǮģ˽ʮ飬õһ̨ðʮǮأǽۣתȥһٶǮһ̨׼ڼ˽áʮǮ㲻ҪӶ࣬һ㻹޺һء
һŴŽӵĶȻס³ӻǮ
ӵıЩᣬһֱתƵ۾۾գգĳֶһʼɿһͻȻת̬ȣӽʲôĿģǷ˭ͽıڣΨһĻԡ
˭֪˼Ҹû˼ֱֻ֣µʱ˳ְһѡ˼ȴˣ뻹һ˼ء
ѾҵĹˣ̷ۣǮҾǶֶѣĲǮ
Ȼˣһͳһ飺뵼ݸһɣúýһգҪԷƱɲǶֵ¶ҪõĿɶҪٽ͡
иڵĻˣڵרôҶҲëֻ˹ר˼÷۱ڻϻһȦȻԱ𿪣̾ҵڡ
һʱ±һ£Ƕôı
ԺȥҪޣ㲻ҪʲôҪʱ䲻ҪǮԺҿ϶֪ģ˼ҶĻ϶ҪոǮ֪
ӲûôǿһΪ˸ǮĽڰˣ̵ʱĲҪ׼һģҲˡ
һ̵ڳ¼ҳһٷģӶ
¼ҲͼˣϴůͣɵҲ
һߵʱ򣬻һֻڷϳԵĹͷ̫˰ȡ
ת۶Ѿȥѩˣ֪Ҳ½½ĻĻʱ򣬿һšǿ϶ҪǳˣǸٻϢģһ񶾵Ĵ帾ΪԼŮڳ˼ҵŮĹ¡
ûУһɷƽ˾
߹Աߵʱĳ˿Щ֮⣬û˻顣
ôôɣҪԼӰҲ󣬺α⣿
Ӧһ£콨ǣȻҹĵӼǽǣ


 43 

һǵ׬Ǯ, æ˸ʲô, صԸ, ûдɣΪſǾܾ˺콨¶, ֱӾͲôˡ
Ҳˣڸţֱ̫·ˣ
ǿһ̷۸ӵʱ򣬿ģǱһվ˶һ
콨ӣмóһޣǸǮ, Ǯġ
˳ԱڨڨЦţȻһȻɫڵīˮô˵, ǲ, ҪǳԼҲ, Ǹ˸ɻǮ, һ㱻ѵĸо
ûӦ˵
һ˲ˣˣ۾Ŀų, 콨Ҳ˵ӵ顣
ҵģҲѾҹʣֻܸɻ, Ҹ˵ˡ˵
¿һ۾ѾЦˣ̷ۣõͬ־Ƿǳ֪ͼĺˡ
Ҳ̫⣬ԳӺûҪʡֵܵӪȥһˣٵĿɲֻһ飬һɽ
һһ˵ûǲ޵ģȥӪļǸްɡ
콨ڵһü˸ޣǻñթ˵˼Ź׵ĹʣҪðűٱķգȥ׬һСǮ
ҪǾóӸһ޵ˣ׬Ǯƽ֣ô
ҲǲŶһ°˼һֻֻƷˣֻҪһޣܸµһȥôҲʮǮɣ
һƽѾбˣðһҲûʲô˭֪һھܾ
ôɾˣֲޡһһùֿϧģǮ
ǿڵҪң
һûٵ˼ˣһһ㲻˼ģ뵽ǳڵʱǽţǸҲֱ׳
ȴ̫գû
Ŷһ붮ų̂һܴճһ̨ġʱˡ
콨ۿóάûϣֱ˵ʮǮô
һϲ˼ּۻˣһڼۣҧŲɿڣһļǮҲˣԼڼǮòǾͱֱĺݡ
ʮǮ̨˵Ҹ٣ٻ̵꣬ʾϵĲˣһٰ˵ֻʮǮĵطúõأ춼ģһ޲ãҾˡһ˵
ʮǮһǫ̨̃ո£滹Ĥֱ̫ÿҪ˭ҽʱһ̨Ǳӡ
Ϊǲ̳ģҲˣӢ۳ǲƷţǴӴ̳ģһʲôʲôʱӵԼĴ̳ͺˡ
ͼͷڳǶһͳһ飺꾧װ⡣
ӿ̨Ҳǳ־ģҾԲǮģôҲܴճһõģʣµľҲر

һҲû׬Ǯ·ˣΪϣҪȥϹޣ·һҪ깤ģ·ᴩȫϱʩеĵطƽ̹춼̺
ǿһֿʼ˹û£ȴͻȻ
һ籨ڹİ칫ϣӼ籨
ȼ֣£ȫȥ
һȫȻ֪ڹϸɵȻأɲǷӣ׼òϣһ¾ˣľҾߣҲˣסȥˡ
·֮ͨ󣬻Ҫ죬ҪܵߣأҪӽɻ
Ǵӿ¼ҴҪϢһ㶼ûյ
أյ׼ϢҲһͷˮʲôȫȥʲô£
֪ͨϱĴС¶Ƕϱ⣬οҵ¶
һõ籨ʱҲ±Ƶģϱӿûһ
ǣˮڣûʲôȥģ֣ô绰أ
ȴ֪¼Ѿҳһ࣬Ҫʰɹȥ绰绰ȥȹ֪ͨλȻٵȿһص绰ȥǶʲôʱˣȲá
¼ΪʲôżΪ¶÷õ¶˵Ҳ˹йϧⱲӣΪûпһĲ·Ļȥˡ
ȥ֮ǰһ޲ŵģȻأ鲼͸ˡ
ʯ俴鲼ӯʿ¶÷鲼ģ֪ˣ鲼ǴѾ÷ġ
鲼Ǻòò֪ʯŮ֮ϧ˺ܾãȻڽʮ󿴵һϳҲԵ֡
ϤĲ÷һ棬˵Ů÷ҲʯȻȻ뵽˸һãͻң·ҲһĸŮӸԼŮ󣬻ͬ磡÷ϼҡ
뵽¼ҵ˶ʱסˡ
ǿĸĨᣬżӣǸ꣬Ҳſֻţ裬ôˣȥ
ȥ㣬ڼ￴ţȰ
ǿԼڼңôԷһᱻģ衣
ʯһ룬÷˵ڼңĺܣԼܵˣóһŴŽᣬ߿ǿҸ㰲ţȥھҳԷһڣͻˡ
ǿȥҴ㣬ǶôԷ֪඼˵϶û¶ٵġ
ͱ²ˣȥˣҹҲûжŵĵ
ʯƶ˵


 44 

ǿ϶û¶ٵ֪, , ļ, ɰͰ͵ģǳ, һڳö˿˿ġ
һһһڵĳԣԵ͡ǳˣ֪ŪķʷʵҰҺüΣŷѬ֮
ĥĵ籨أô룬ҲŮһô󶯸ɸˡ, ҲûĸһΡ
ȻһԼҲûбҪʥĸϽؼ, Ѽʳ, ̷۰, 龫, Ⱑͳͳսռϸ, 涼սռ䣬ֻʣ¹һڳԵķ
ȵؼΪˡ
һ, ǼҵĶ㶼ɶʱһ׼Ҳء
裬ҰҪ͵ǼҾҵʲôûУΪҰҪҪ֪ҹĺãǿ϶ҪǮ֮ǰҸǵǮҲỹҡһһ˫۾ʮֵ棬˵ľʵ뷨
ûŵǣһ˶ĸռȥ
ɫм⣬˵ôŶǣôԼĸΪŮһңΪҲǲ⡣ʱҲǸռӣת˼룬ѾɷһСңĸֻˡ
ʲôû˵Ӷʧֻ֮һǾϱġ
һֻ˹ʣµʳһֻԵȣʣµĴ󲿷ֻڣɼĲûôԡǽļٷһŽⶼˡ
ѾʣʲôˣʣֻĸϡϡÿȻһ
һصأĸԼĻĿŵĸӰæͳߵĽ¶ҶѾϰΪˡ
ӵĹȻʯͷͷģȻǳĺÿĺ׸ķǳŨüۣؼǳӻչǿûеʣŹĹĥµļǿ뵣
ĳӸӵ˧£ļⷢ΢΢𣬳һһ죬滹һ졣
ڵתĿ⡣
һҲֻʱæʱ䶼æԼ飬ΪƣĹֺһ֪࣬ʵøɱġǣΪóڵܺùһ㣬ֻ֣ܳӶ׬һ㹤ڸһװʱռӼʯͷôӵĹ־ͻܶࡣ
Ѿü춼ʮˣһ˵ⶼǸɻϰʽõĸ߹֡
ӶԿһʮָмģȻҪΪôࡣЩˣһڵʱʲô˵ǵʱ򣬾ͻõǵĵ٩
ҵĹˣҪȻЪһЪɡ
һ˳ӵĹ֣һ磬Ѿ߷ˣˡ
ӰæĻɵʲôأԼûʶ죬ǲҸ㣿
ְ𣿡
ðɣӲǡһڰƳʯͷ
һɻĻбСޣɷųںѵţӣϻ˵ġǲͬǣһϸɸɾģϻ˵·ӣһҲŵİٺϻ
ӿһԼתע뵽Щֵĵطȥ
˵Ҫ
һüͷᶯСʯͷĶٶˣԣҪ
´һֻҰãţ͸ȥ
һ޲ýԼҵһжԹ⣬Ūӳԣʺȥɡò˵ģû뵽һš
ãŸ̲Ӱɡһ˵ûҪӣƽʱôҰ˻ôȻǻΪء
һĿ˿һһۣһ㲻Ծرĸʱ
аɣġ

¼ҸĸׯŮסĵطʱ򣬼ģǼͽıڵľ
ǻûа¼ңǽһиðĶ˹ȥֻʣŴһųԷӡ
ǵһ׼ңֻһִ٣ϱ˵趼ͦദģˮƽߣںôд
ѼˣѾСʣȥɽҶϱˡ
ʯķӣЩýŲ˲䣬һ˵Ǹ·ӣ·Ķ
ȴûӦϿͷ̣ӳḷ̌Ůûˣд˵̶ûС

һͬĺӽ˳ָǺһǣԼС̸źܻȥ
ȥʱѾ磬ð̻εζһ˼ݫһʣµһ⣬˹Իһ㡣
ţһۿĸõ·ĵһۣüͷ
Сʣ󺰣̣Ұѻƽл
ӦӳΧȹЦʮֿСܵĿ죬ȥ㣬ܻ緹ϴϴɣϾͳԷأúúд
һǿԼЦһЦȻݡ
ðĲ裬̵Ĺӣһһۿţûдܡ
ʲôģһżɽʡ
ʲôģûʲôͲˣʲô˼ʯǺ
ʱ£ѾŮѾǵƿأԲˡܰʮ˺ӵķŭ̲ܲ˵ķй
ֱɷһٶ˵ȴҲһֱŸ
һǺЦʲô˼ʲô˼Ҽʲôˣ
費˼£Ҫ˼ߡϿ˵
һ£ЦЦʲô¶ǼڹܳҲûʲôݡҼǵø˾͸ǼҲˣҵģ
һףͷĬţ̣ٹͷ
ʯ˵\"£еϵ\"
жٹϵ費ҪҸŰæҪҪҰæҵǿ٣ƹ¶˭ɶУ˵ʱȥˡ
Ų˹һðż㣬ѻһ̻࣬ƻƵġ
һһ㲻ˣ˵˾ͰƽʱȻ˺óԵġ
ÿĻţϾʮбҵ֮󣬾һֱżɻ֪֮Ǯ˼ҵ֪ģǵŶнʱĲǮǡļ۸ܹȥǮҲһһˡ
ÿһǣŮģҵŮ֮󣬻Թ񶾣˲˼ҿ¼һ롣
ģʮֵĲ⡣
Ÿĸæİ֣˵ȥЦֹŮȥԼŮǿܻò˼ɣ
һٷԵĲϲΣԹ֮̸˰˯ĵط̺ô֮󣬷̾˯˹ȥ
ֱ˯ʱ򣬿һ֪Լ뷨Ƕô˯ǰȥéޣƫǰݣڸĸסţ˵Ļ
ҪŮ۹Ůһô죿
λզ죬ǹŮڳ˸զ죿Ͽͬ־Ӳ
һɲúŪϴҪѲǮҪȥأҪ˵ǰݶسǶûأѽ
֣ǵһӣ
ϹϹģʲôһǰȥˢһƿӣͬʱֵͲײҲҵͻȻڷǰ
Ǹʲô
һǺһЦƤЦⲻЦ˵֣ʲôǲֺӣ



 45 

һ˳ĸû͵Ц, ˵ʲôҲܱ˵, ⲻ, 
һ˯ģʯϿ¿ɾûôõ˯, һҹĿһǲʲô
һ˯һڶ𴲣ȥ˶ӳһˣӳһ̣һЩ顣Ȼתؼȥ
񻹼ǵãĸѾ֪ǵŮȴȻҪѰҹ, ÷Ƥӵ£ĸϣǮԼҵ˹ȴȻʵĹϲһ
Թһٲ̫ʢ緹, ǹȻҪ轻ͨߵ顣
һ¶м, ҿûô, һг, ǳׯһûУ費ҪͰǻ𳵹ȥ, ҪȻС
ʯ·òţ˰ɣţȥôԶĵطܲǲȥɣ
һ, ȥϹԼӦĸȵų뿪ߣ˵СĽͨڶӳңҪһβףǸһɡ
һеӳӳȴ˵ֻġ
ʯ˵㿴ǿһĸĸ賵ȥµģһôˣ㻹ѽˣǹŮء
ʯ仹ǵ˵Ȼõ˽ʯġ
ӳǿһׯݶˣÿ裬ҽ˭˵ˣһ֪꣬ûô֪ʲôһƲŮءͷţֵٿ顣
ʯ˵ͨԹ˿һŻ˵㵱˴ӵ֪أСӳܸΪѣʲôƣ
һװѿӣΪѵĿӳҪţңҽģҸϳҸĸˣ
Уñ֤ͷţ粽룬Ҹ˵ѾͷɲٿǮǴյҪҪǶˣҵ¶ȫӣʡӳУȵһתȴ̾һһ̣治װ
ϷҪȫףӳһĺڰһͳţ֮̾»ͼɶһô
ϱôڣҿ»Ƶĵ費ףŮ֪ˣһζûһ£°˲ûҪùŮ¶ˣ˵ԼҪȥɶءǰѹŮһ𣿡

ΣһﵽĿģŸĸĳһȥ¡
һԼĸһܳƵĵׯ֮󣬸ĸڵÿһڳϵšͷô󣬿һԹϵôأڳϵţ
ĵĸ˹ȥ׶ѯʣ÷ס̲סЦ
һƾɵĲݷҵ÷ʱ÷Сѧ飬һٵȷеλ̻֮ȥϳصǸСԺӵʱ򣬷ԺѾһ̨ĸŮϵĴϷ
ҿŮôͱĸεĻũ壬˹¶óԶٵĿࡣ
÷ʯ䱧ţɫţʱ˼Ҳİ׽ǾܾģôڿţҲĽƷŵǰݺƵ˵ıϡ
ѾͷҲǿྡˣԭг˵
ȥ翴ӰǴͿһè̫ӣ˼
ҵŮأ˳ģҾ˵ĹŮڳ
ʱũУö֣һֵȺмȥ裬Ҫ¶ôɽ°
һʱ֮䣬ֺȺǶ˿һΡ
˵𾪵ָſһҵŮúһģһҲһģӿ̳ġ
һǵĻֻ֪ܳǰߣֱֱߵʯ÷ǰһʵ裬ô÷÷ҹ¶ǰæˣֲǶ֪ûµģֲʲôǰæͺ˰
ʯ䱧ԼŮͻȻоѪԵϵ׽ʱĶĸͶŮΣǿһ߽ȥ涼÷
һϷݹˣҲһֱװɵϾΧȺֲư͡
ĺӣһӱûûĸˡǲ裬֪ʲôԵʣ㱾ҵĺӵġ
Ŷһӱûûĸĺˣ˵ӣҲŮġ
ʱĿһѾȥֲ֪µ棬һޱ䣬ܴӡŬϱӵı֣ԼݵĲô䡣
Ϊ֪ͷϵĽԵ䣬˵ʱѾȫ룬ٿһķˡ
ػһΣȻȻɱı֪޴ıʯޡϾǻû׼ÿһ֪Ҳû׼ôưŮ顣
ҾȻģֲüͲϸУܵǶϣֲҸѡȥ磡
һ̼£ɷǿ
תӣ˵ʲôһ˵Ļᡣ
ֿߵΪңҲǵŮ֪֣辭ĵ˵һ㶼Ͽ¼ҵˣŬֺǣ֪Ĳв񣬶ĸǡůǵģ඼Ըң
һþȫ˻𣬺ҪԷ˵Ļᡣ
Ȼ󷢳һУȻǲҵһˣǵĶ˰ɣ
Ȼ˫סصˡ
һЩ±˿ɵľ״

ΧȺٵҸĸŮȥ⡣
˼֪ҵĹŮˡ
ҵĸĸصҵĹŮ޹ˣ˼ƻŮ
ϴ׹ŮĸСһһģӿ̳ģҾ˵СʱôÿûĲŮ

ӢоԼܵð
ϴӢһյϢըΪŮֳʲô£֮ǰͦڣԼȥҪ衣
˵ٿ÷ǶԳķ޳ϵƳ̶ȣһ¡
ŮĸԼһ衣ֻǸԤвһһ裬һװ֣һӰϴ20׵Ҳų⡣
ʯĻ˻̱÷ߣʲôԼŮ⣬ʲôģһè̫ӣĸŮʮ
ʵһΡ
ʱĿһһ֪Ƿǳûǵģţˣ٣һЩ֮ǰܻصء
·ϻһЩģȥߣһЩ󻱻ˣҲĸϾ˹ϵĸ޲ûǰͷŮӦûжȤ


 46 

һţ黹ӳ, ӳɫ, , ûĸĸһɻ
һֹȻ˶ӳע, »ƣôˣ
ʱʱ䣬ׯƮ˵һĶʱĹ๾С
ǲҰ裬Ҳ֪ԭҴС͸˼ұˣǵŮ, ҵˡǾŮĺӣǼء
ӳüû뵽»ƾȻ۵, ׵أ
һһ, û, װȢһ޼ҿɹС쾡¡
ӳ, ̾ŶŶ˼˼һ¸ô˵, Ȼ˵費Ҫ㣬û£Сׯļ, ȥɣŻԷء
һӦˣת̲סЦסԼ鴤ǣת뿪˶ӳҡ
Ʈӳϱ˵»Ҳףǿ¼Ҳûаһ˿ӣҶûˡ

һĸף˳Ͽ£ʱһŮԺ̷ҵŮＸʮʣŮΪʲôĲԼ˴𰸡
һڣһ֣ôôְ۵ĹģӻСʱ˼˶ǿ䣬Ȼ󿴿ٿŮˣҡͷζܡںˣŮվм䣬ÿ֪ǵŮ
ʱʯһˮ㿴ǵŮģźǺȣһȥˣⶼд
ϿƷһǲ裬ʱJͷҪ³ĬĬĽŻȥ
¶ǻǸϿˣﻹϰ࣬ȥ翴ôŲڡ
ͬʱӢԼԺԷһɷ򣬡ǰ޳ôÿ˵׹ŮĸŮƵġǼҶ椺ÿҿ˵Ϲ
ʵӱ⣬ʲôŮĲ
ҲţȢǰͷǸѵΪ˼ҳĺÿ
ʵڳԷӲ硣
ӢºˣŮ÷Ǹšͷӣ˵õ⣬ߣ˭֪˼⸣֣ǸˡǮˣҲ÷ĸ׼ױ
ǲ֪ŮǸʲôƢ
ʵ˵ʲôƢ޳ȥˣҲûģܿǼң
Ӣһ£ˣǿɿˣ˼ҶչһûչУĺöŮ˳ĵѺöߣ
·мӣʲôö
ʵͷԸƽϵĲе˵ˡ

һûռƽЩģϱӿûô¶÷ƾеƾõ˳Ĺֱϻĸһ֪ʱһѳɶ֡
Ҳûʲôͼʱ˵ﲻˣǽץסչǿݡ
ڵĿһˣףվǱˣģҲֻԼ
Щµʱ§סúõİοһͨûģ˵ô費ףԭ СèСҲи飬οôءôܸɣĻÿǲҪǾһˡ
˵Ŷˣ˵ʵڵģ޹ҾͰ㵱һˣϧǶû֣ˣŸԵֻǳǽˣվҪߵġںˣ׵Ҳף̤̤ʵʵĸҹɡ㵱ҵ׹Ů
һݲȥסЦˣãԺ衣
ˣΪԼοЧϲص׼ȥɱ
ԺҸŮ߷׸ӹĺģȳ˲
һûٽӲ磬ټ⣬һﲢûһϰˣҲڣûжӵĻڡ
ڶ죬֪ô£һѾ˴˶֪˿һǼٵĳˡеֱӴֵʣԺô㣬Ļô죿
ֻģ·һû˳ﻧڣǻھ͹Ƶġ
ڣﻧڻǺô࣬ÿԴȻƱÿ˶ŹũЩֵǲŽׯڣβϣ꽽ũ񣬿Է
ô£һڳһںӣҵĻѾŲСׯˣԺסСׯ£Ҳָسˡ
ֵڨڨⲻںӣӾװģ˭Ҫﻧء
ϱߵӳڵϹأǻȥӲ֪Ϊð
Ⱥɢֻʣ¿һͳӡ
һתӹе۾ЦˣôûǶ
ץһҩһӣһʹ֮󣬵Ϊγˡ
Ȼ˵ֿˣץҩ
һ֪ɶԭҲûʲôЧҩͬһЩҩƽʱõģðճԵģҲ֪֢֢Ͳβˡ
Ҫһ£̵ĲҪȥҽԺһ£ţ˼Ҳܲ˰
ӣİɣҴȥҽԺʱȥģǹԭȷȥɽŪ󻱻ëַˡ
Ŷ۹
ҽ˵Уûµġлл̷̵ۣܺãҪ󻱻ܾûˡ
ðɣԭ⺢Ǯȥ̼壬ǱĸТ˳һļ򣬰οǺðɣϿȥ̼ҩҵȥϹˡ
һֻĿ꣬һǱǮһǱסӵĴȡԾԼʮֵλȻʱ©ˣûпӵֹȻֱӵ˵ҪȥϹӦĵʣ㻹ʲôҪ˵а
ֱӽסΪ֣һŰյһͷ°˵
ɴ۾ų˵ȴµ˵ҪڼЪһҸ̼ҩҩ֮һ·ǱϹ
һͷУʲôС
ǿһֻڼţѵõİУһеǮƣĲ࣬ÿȥϹȣгǾٺòϧûгƱôģô֪ռһгأ
һһֱѰ˼ôǮ򿪵һֱţһע⡣
ĳĳĳĳˣΪֱץסꡣûȫΥá
һ̵ôҲҪΪһ˽ũ³ûʳԡ
ڴתʼĥԼҲɶǲˣ콨˵ַ̫㣬صİѶ·϶ŪǮǶÿһ׬ȥ
ʱ³˽תһ죬гһֱһˡ
ũܴճһѾǵʮۣũϲģǷһʵã˷һƽ·ٿԽʡһʱ䡣
огֱʳס֮ϵģˡ
үϲʲôأֱ۸߲˵ЯкץһӣվܡһסĸһӣҲץסѱͷҪǻҵǾ͸׬ˡ
ڴϷȥȥֱǲУֱΨһãҲǿʱ䣬һöûСڹũ϶ǲģٻϷÿԥ÷ϷϷ㲥һо˵飬ɴ򻢣ȡ٣壬СĽζ
һܸ룬һõĺ¡
Թ緹һͬӻ
·ϣӵĵһ仰ǣ˵¶ˣ㲻Ҫģһܺõˣ㵱˴ġ
˵ţֵݸһһѽ
һȻԭ˷ǵúԼͬУΪ˵Щִֺ죬ԵͱĽһᣬĹ㡣һԵͺġ
ʳӣסңΪ˰οҰ
ǰ棬ͷ˵һվں棬ȻокӣˣԿ̵ص¶
ֻԼ֪ԼǶôĿģ޲øĸ͸˵ҪϾϵϧһˣȴʧȥɷΨһسǵϣҲնϵС
ȻӳĬˣǿһ͵ĬϡŸǸѽ¶ܳɡ
ƾڶĹģһãԺȳӷˣԼܺߡ
ˣҲģͿĨ֬һ
һ־һװ׵־ϣ˺ӡӣһȦͶġ
ӵָ˶һۣ´θժɫġ
УǺɫĺóԣɫһᡣһתһȽ⣺ϴεˣһ׬ǮķӣҪҪ
ӴʱеԳ˳ʣʲô
һ˵ΰ룬ͦõ룬Ҳô㣬ɴԼƴһıһЩ׬Ķడ᲻װ
װӵȻģһ飬챻ˡ
һҲⷽ棬Ӧûġ
ǣȴ˵ҲС
һȵ۾оΪĪõĻԼǰôͲˣ
ֳᣬҸ콨ǣҪԸΪ
ӵе㿹ܣ߰ɣ߿һ㣬ܸϹ
һһ׷ʵΪʲôӲ¶ԭ򣺡ץסĻᱻ̵ģô죿
ðɣ֮ǰССֵģҲˣһΪҲģû뵽ӻͦԭ
ȻˣҲֻԼ취ˡ


 47 

ȻӲ, һȻ취, , ԵеȻûжٵоѧӵ鶼͵, ѵԼȻԼѧϰװ
ҵ콨Լװ콨˵Ҫʱ䣬ǿһ˭Ϊ˷Ķġ
һ֪˰ʮеľͲֻ, ʮĴĺڰ׵ӻȻˣⶼǳ¶, ڴҲֻһ̨ȵӻʱ, гŻ³ء
콨˵¶֮, һͰĵĻƹ, ·ϵĹѾβ׶ΣΪƣͦæġ
Ĺβ, ⣬˵ĹǣʹĹ̸, ҪôֿҪô͸Ͻ飬Զǲܵģļҳɸ÷ˡ
ΨһĵǴ⣬İסܹĶӣ˵ƸѡӣϾҪˡ
ķǳӣ˵Ҽ޹ȥʲôҲòģĹ㹻ˣڲǨȵǼȥҹϵٸҸȶĹ᲻̫ۡ
˵ʵһͦĽģʵ˵á˭һƽ˳޲
һĵףģͦϵȰҲҪѧϰлسǣһϲĹһҪڰݡ
һ̣һ·ʦ֪඼ˣڿһͻʣмҲСֻἵȺԼˣ˵ȵ׵ʱǵҲڷһԼͬģ˵һǿġ
ʱһ˵Ļһʱ鸴ӣǿˡ֮ҲơӰɣ˵лл㣬˳ҲҹġǸҲúõģسǵĻỹǺܶģǹ㡣
һͷûȥǵͱ𷹣ϵôãһ˴ܹͲȥװʲô¾ˡ
ǵĹڿɽͨһ̣Ⱥб˾޴ϲáӴ֮ɽǰɽսʤȻ˸ݵĵ·ֱͨ۵ĵطǿѡżֱˡ
ʣµĹͲǹṩĹܹģҪ΢רҵһߡ
һʰؼңҲҪ׼Լ¶˵ҡ
·ѾúãԺѾ߲ˣõԱߣҲĵĵ˺СȻûסȥѾ
ùôã˿ԼĿôҲǸüһˡ
ȻҪ¹ѣᶼ˰ˣʡ´߶ʱҲ
׼ֵģԺ˼
Ȼˣÿǿ֣
֪ҲˣſһԺӣȻĽ
һҲûʲôõģƬ
ǰ֪ʱ˭ĸĹʲôиûлһ
費ΪǼϴÿ»ҪʡĸĹȥ
˳˲ŵڳĸǳиĸĸúѾǷÿ¶Ҫһ㹤ʼĸŮ֪²ܹáеļͥɽ磬Ǳ˫ְͥҲܲס֪ĶŮ̫
ڳ֪ǵһ֪£Ȼֲÿһ費׵ģҿһĶûУǾ˵ͨˡ˼û˸ĸû˰ģû˸ʲôĵġҲΪ֮ô׾ƲÿģòһѪ
ֵĵȿϯǮǮһĻӴһʳеһƥһǣҲǾľ
ſڵׯддرõǱȥ˵ģǰҷ糾ͣһƣӡſָָ㣬ϱӣҲˡ֪İˣæڲԶдĿһ
һһⲻǿ¼ҵķ޼÷Ů
ϵЦʣҲģǻʲô
һ˾飬ʯоˣô꣬ôͲˣ

⵹ÿһʼδΪɶˣϱӿɴûа
һסӣʯֱ׳ڸʲôǵҿˣ㲻ڣ·ӣ͵Ǹʲôѵϯ
һͷԣϯ粻ɣɡ
˵ſһǵĵطүһ£־ȻתͷԼĸף֣ѽ
ΧӵʱЦֵܻǮأ׼ֻֻ಻ٰɣ
ʯڵĵɷӡ
Ȼûã־ͳǮһԺҪ׼ĸǮ
кȲǳ󷽵ģϿ¸оޱȵĽ
ǮܸĲʮԪȣһֻģҪϱӣֱӽŲʣǻãǣĲ岻ģʱв
ˣԹռҽΪ׽ǶæһͿ¼ڣҲݡ
ʯڽ˵˳ǶŪˣСʱǱģ㸸ĸǱأ˼ǶǴҪģҲˣǼҵŮȥɳ֤ѻ
һһڴӦСҾûʲôҪˣ
ʲôҪ󣡰ŮũȥԿ࣬ǵĺӵҪ󣿡Ȼ˵⻰ʱһЩ飬ʯŮļҵķۣΪռֱ׳ģ˭֪Էֱ׳
˵ʲô̶Ժӱʲôã˸УʲôլӶһŮ˵ڳĺӣжûϣӵɽˣһ˭Կء
ʱʯ֪϶ǿһ˵ǷĶˣʱڣʡһʱ鷳ſһȥ
Ȼͱ֪Ҫ뻻ŮĻڣҲԣŮûмˣеĲգǸŮѾյ˲ûʲô׬ͷҪǰѲ񻹻÷լȻ÷׵ģȻҪҵġ
ǳﻮȰѻڻԺһôڣͲǿ¼ʲô¶ˡ
ǿһȻĸĸҪǹ׿ڶ˵˲ǻҵľڳׯСӣġ
ӳҲڣݵλʱĵԵģԵģ޵ǳׯˣǳׯˣ˭ҵĹŮҲѾ޹ˡǴ֤ɳʸô졣
÷һԣȻĴ䣬һңĸĸһۣԽ׸ĸҲֻ档ĸһûʲô׬ͷĻ˵˳
С̶رãѧѧϵҲ֣ȻһһСûʲôĵط
ʱĸĸҪǮ¶÷ѡΪĸͰ󷽵ӣʱʱƽϵ
÷ͻȻ߳һʵӢ˵ĲҪǣҵϷҲҪǣʣµǾͲˡ
ʯ俴ϵŮĿ죬Թ¶ȫԲ˵ȵſһ˻ڣʣµԼ
һ͵Ŀ⿴÷Ůıīд÷ңǲ֪ۻͦġ


 48 

Ȼ, ǾͻʮǮ, ҽĲ񲻾͸𣿡һ˵
ô󡭡ʯȻ봹
Ҳ÷ô, ŮĲ𣿡һҲ˵ﻯԼ, ҵĸĸȻˡ
Ҫôھ͸ǮҪôͱҪҪǸһڳǮƲ̬ȣȻҲ֪¶費Ҫͬǩ֡
ȻĸĸҲ֪˾ͷǳԥ
־ʯһۣŮѾӲĲƿ, ʵĻѾǨȥ֤ҲڿһԼǱɳ˵, Ҫ֤͸ӡ, б, 继ڵذ졣ʯһҧ, ˵Ҹ㣬ǻȥʼĹǵҪʱ, ʲôҪ
һǰǮĹҸһġ
Ǯ¶ǳо, һڣܼĹ
һڻҪƤҪסһ죬ĻƱؼȥ
һлֹˣǣֽ¼ҵڰŵϷһóʣıӸǡ
Ǹҽ㰢̰ɣӸǣԷĻԵ·ԣҪǲԣҲԵ˻˵Եġ
˭֪ʯ㶵ĳ˵Ѫһ㶼ǶʮĸŮ𣿡
ʮꣿһ㣬Ҳʮ꣬ôͶʮˡ
˵ˣԼôĸϱӵǣҵŮ֮̽⻹ܱģ
һԴҲ벻Ϊʲô
Ȼʯ俴һΪżСʱܴܵãܹ֮Ϊ˼ԸɽĺӣͻȻıˡ
˶ǼģԽǵòԽõԽǶǲмһˣǾãǲԼĲá
ʯǽĹȦѾڷ˼ӮŮİˡ
ԺʲôѣдŸǣȻ㲻ǵŮǺôһֻڵġúõģԺ󵽳ҹʲôģҲ԰㡭
ҵûؼˣ軹ڵءһæ⻰˵ģƤˡ
һȥ·ϣ÷еǣҲһ˿֣һлҪ˵
ڽԼ˵ˣһͣסţ˵
÷費ô˵һ̫ǵˡ
һͷͦÿģȻãÿһܣԭĻÿȻ󣬵ǰףɫȣƤûһ˿覴ãɫʮֵĽټһ
ԭˣΪ˭ǰ򱧲ƽġ
һ֣Ҫ֪Ϊʵϵ̶˵̼Ҿһ̶㣬һ۰͵ء
ȵ÷ͷ˵֪𣬼ӣϴֻǱ϶һ꣬СǸкӣǵܵܣĴҴӳбҵ˸УҰûȥϣʵͲһ־רΪûѧҵܵҲոѧѹ󣬲ˡһְʱ仹ܽӵеĹ
ȵñҵʱ򣬽ֵɽ磬ѡҡӦùϧʮֻ֮ˣܻԼļܻĸáǸҲûܵĴһ˵
÷ָűң֪˵ʲô޷Ȱ˴ˡ˵ЩʲôأԼҲǺܺãûĸÿÿҪҲǰ̻ĥҲȥ󣬺Ҫ޵ɽʮĹ
һһ˴Ӻڰбðһһԭ콨
˸ߴӰҲ֪ôϢĳֵġ˵̫ңûע⵽
Ȼ֪콨Ѿһ·һԱ߸˸ͬͣӡ
÷͸ȥˡ
֪Զ콨۾ɶ֪Ӱںڰʧ
콨ʣ˭
һŨصüë۾в̫ߣǰ׳ʵӣǰι÷ԲԲӡͻȻһһŮȻʮְ䡣
ҡҡԴֵ뷨˦ȥ
Ҹǲ¶ˣ
ʱ콨ŴѾûӰĵطתͷˣˣȼǾȥ˻֪ͨһǸ᲻װȵ˻ֲŪⱾǮǿⲻ𡣡
һĵĵͷظ֤һѧᡣ
ȻؼҾͽ뵼װά޿
ϧҹƿʵʲȴһͷˮңѼΨһһ̨𿪣װȥˡ
ڶһ磬һȥҳӣϣϹǰóӰѶװӲǿȥģ˶ֻռų⼸ͱ˼ѣǸռ
ҰѾռռζʮ㣬һˮҪˡ
һʳΪʲôȥ¹
ӣҵĽ׼ɷֲãƽʱߵĽҲˣôˣͲȥˣ´ʲô㲻õġ
һʲô˲Ϊϴκû̸ɹءһֺõóжѷһ˫ֺʮаУҰ𻵣軹֪أҪ֪Ļ϶Ҫ˵ҡ
ת۾Ŀֱ̫ӡٶ˵ֱֿʼƴӣ׵ģһ㣬һѧġ
һ
ѧ᣿û˼ѧϰʱȻԼװȥġ԰ҪԼװһ̨űŪһõѧϰӾȻޱģҪ̸
һųϵĶ˿ûע⣬ܿģѾöװˡװ˵أʼˡ
Ƕ˶Цˣװɹĳɾ͸رá⿴Ա߾ߵ鼮뵼װάޡЦԿһ˵ҪѧõľʵٲһԣװɹĻҡղһ飬㿴𣿡
𣬿һĶһ죬ղŶ֪ڸʲôˣûôʲô᲻İ
̫ˣ̻ͽܶʦһˣ㻹ôǮ
С˵ǮҲģһ̣벻ˣֻҪ뿪һ£ܾͻģ𡣸㲻һ
ҲҪСһ㣬ס˿Ҫν֣пס͸ĶӡԽ֪Խá
һգգ۾Сѧʦһ档
Ȼһ̣ſھʹ˵ò˵˶ľġ
һ˿С·ͼʲôģҲ
Ѿͷˣһڲڣڲڣ
콨ϲʲô
ű֮콨һȦ˳ӣ߳ĬļһûչܳΪʲôˡ
һǸôˣ
Ŷԭ÷ģ¿һ̵ˣʲôǨ֮ϲҲûôڰ
콨ͷЦЦӶͳǮҲ֪ӣ㡣
һ£ֺǺǵúóŷŽ㶵źˣһȷϰȫ
һǸŮӣ
ŶؼˡˣܲϡһһСåһ˵ȻĵĿ콨Ũüۿɼʧȥ


 49 

콨緹ûԾ, һЦ, ó, صעĵط̡
Ӵ̧ͷ, ЦʮֿȻӣûǰȥǵ˲ڵС˼ʵڸĹϵͦõİ
һֹסЦ֣ããһûá
һĶ, ˵Ļһ㣺÷˼ҶʶѾˡɵ, 첻, ܹ
ȫ֪ʲôЦ, Ű, ֮Ƚܸͬܣ
һ뵽콨˼ӣЦ֪ûн, ˼ŮģǸģʲôţ콨Һ֮ûʲô, һ棬֮ҲˣӦáҲûҪģ콨ҲûлͶһûϣĸ֮С 
ҸʲôûУ
ҸʲôأһûֻúǮϱӲȵĿӶܿģڼˣûϸ˼ϾǰҲûô޹
һͷϸһ½޸ʲôˣʳٵģΣе²ţɾ䣬ž˰ɡ
óۣҪǮҪģҪҺá
˵ΪȷԼĻƵģŵͷ
⻹أٿ⡣һͷĳӣƿָĥɵļӣḧ鱾ϡԼر鱾ԵޱȽС
أҸʲôģһʣȻͿǷҳͣסˡ
˺һҲûлش
ʱˣ˵Ĳˣ˺ɰˮܳһٱʾڼѾԹ˷ȻǿϣһĺɰԹ⡣
֮ǰĵĻҲͲ֮
һģ̵ģóƵ͵Ѽͷһ緹㡣
ôô⣬ķӸˣϱȻܸТ˳ӺͶϱһԷеͷСҪһˡ
룬ʲôûб¶ǳ꣬ȥʰˡ
һųӸעϸĽ岻㹤зǣСѧҪúܶࡣ
źʳӣĲ뵽ѵ׬ǮȢϱתһ죬ûںʲô׼⣬źҪ޸㡣̵ĲһֱչһҪܶҽҩѣûǮʱָô죿
һȻûеõҪĴ𰸣˵롣Ȼ뿪ˡ
һ̾Լôоô˵ûã淳ţΪ򵥵ģֻҪ˵ϵ˳һװͺˣ˭֪滹ôŵءʲôǶֲܶ

ӳԵıĻصԺһֱſһ˵ĻǮġĵġҺõġ
۷ʲôЦ⿪ʲôʱʼأҲ˵
صңڽƵϸϸιӻ̧ƤȥСҸĶ𣿡
Ӵӿ㶵ͳһ粵©ɫһĽӡ
˼Ҳգ̰ϧ־ɥ˵ûͣ̾˿㲻ͣеͣȵ˼ҶĶôõĴŶ
ˣҸ͸͸ڷ磬ô˵϶û˵ġ
̫̫ģΪӵ²ġ
Σֻ˵»˵궼¶˵ɡ
̫̫һӸˣҲǲϵģôиޣ˶ʮ꣬ȸ걧ӣƺҲܵȵ𣬴ϹͷŻ¡

һԶԶûгֹۣͳӽţΨһôװãҪװãҪ죬Ȼ˼Ҽð飬ԼƵװ
ֽӽ鿴һ飬֣֮͸о˳ࡣȵһ꣬򿪿أȻˣǵƵťװˣҪ㡣
װɹöʱ䣬ȻǲеģڵȫȫгֻҪṩгϣǹӦ󡣴Ҷ̳ĻҪҵȯ۸񻹸ߡйϵһˮҲǺ顣
ԿһԴ޷Ӧ콨ԭ϶׼ˣôܿһأǮ׬ĸоʵڲá
һǾҳһԡ
û죬ũæʱ򣬿¼Ǳ߸ʮǮȥгӣС飬ģõģϵɫغ͸ζʮ㡣
һȥӼӲڣļһլԺֻʣһԺ䣬ҲܸܵĲ֡
̫̫ڰŪԺһæϴ֡
ӸģϹûҸһ龫š
һЦеģǣѽ
ҳ̣ȻȰӼġһ̽ԭ򣬽ȴǳĬһֱЦŵģҲЦˡ
ӸǵҲͬⰡ
һ⻰ĵΪѰҾȱҴȻ˵һ£ÿһġ
һγ̿ԵĲУӿȥ͸Ĵһ޷ۡͱһͨʵ̵֤޵û죬¶ͱͱ˳¶ֳ׼֤վ̨ӡ˼졣
˵ʱӸСأô󡣡бȻһ¡
ʲôʱˣûȥģץô飬϶ᱻץĶԲԣ
һصĵͷпռڣܱ֤ӲץοӲ¶棬һӦˣǹܡ
Ǿͺã˵һȥһæ̵Ļˣ
Ͳظ֤ˣһڳ̵鱣֤֮·ȥ

ڶ죬Ӿ͹ˣһ̫ɹͮͮģ˵Ҹװ콨˵˵ֳɵ⡣
ʱɫվ·ӵǰ棬ûоգһҲ֪Ѿֵˡ
ϲãƫƫЦ̫ȥԮ¶óˡ
ֱҲ˼Ц˵ܺóԡ
һˬʵģĵģЦԺ׬ǮʲôʱԣҶ
³ӵɲֻɹˡ
̵ĻܾһСأңүүҪ֪ң͸СƵģ˵Ҳû
Ѿͬ⣬ҲǾûбҪӿŽõ㣬ͬˡ
һԽ콨ǣ˷ֳɵ⣬ÿһȥӶɡ콨ǽģɣʣµ۵
һͦģϾ˼ðŷ˻ģ಻װ
Ȼ콨Ǳߵ˳ȴװôǮ
һʱˣʲôоװ֪ʲôټӹ繤Ĺ˶Ҫʣοһ˾һ
һûסֱӿ磬ܽҺòļԱǡ͡װϰ
ӵĺһڲ裬˳ӱҲίίı죬һʣǱ˻ŵĸоȺͿһһġ
ôˣǼСģܵ˺߿ڰһһر
һأڿ¼ҵĴߴ֮£ͣԼ֤ͻڱǩ˶Եڵͬ顣ڻڻһ˼ߣԵģҪʲôѪֻҪ˫ͬ⣬ͿԶԵڣΪصķܹž۲еߣȻֶԵֱʮһȻڡ
˻ڣһСׯˣ֪ྭڣȻԺسȴûеطԽˡ


 50 

ڻ˻ȥ֮, һҲһ׮, ĵĿʼ, ֻ̫Ҫܵ, һЩ˵̳ĲϣȻ΢Ϳһں죬ЦƤЬгͲӡȻ̳һվǶǻפģҪҪҼ̵ϰ࣬йϵҪƱ, ҪҪ
ʮҪǾʮ顣
һƱӣ, ǳӵ׵ٰ, һȥ̨, Ҳ, һ𣬳һ˲һٶࣿ
һ·ȥһ·϶ȥӵٵ, ô棬, 
гأ·෽㣬ֻҪĶࡣ
Ȼȵһؼȥһϼƣȴɵˣĸһȥ̨һռ
һʮƣôȥ
Ҳǳƣôȥģ
˳˵Ҫ飬˼ŮҪתһ죬Уȥһ̨һأŲ͸¶ȥľء
콨ҲһҪϴνкܶҪϧûô࣬ϴοͻЧ
һ޹ʵģȻֻܵϣ
ʼӰæˣװһףοӻϹ¹֮ʱ䣬ڼˣԳ׬ģҲǮ
һĽȰڿ̧ۿ湤ĳӣ˵֮⣬һ˶֪Ķռ䣬Ǳ˾ٱˣҲѲʲô
ޱ棬רעĺһ⡣
ˣţҪЩྣ͵ĵطȥ룬Ҫ֪ϱ£ʮֵ˵ϱڼ˱ء
һִ̧ĵģӣӣװг
̧ͷһг˵飬ӦƴճģȻɱǳĸߣҲ䡣ǼгõĲƴһȻãճгԴ׷
˵ûװӦû⡣
һСƴһȻ˿šϣϦճϸСë˶·ԡʥС⸱ڱ˵ǺܺÿģȻˣȴֻȵķꡣ
֪һӣðѬ˰ӣ淳
˵ŽϵѪԽԽˣ·͸ȣҪһгžͲ·
طŽȥϵغǣʹһĲС
ͦأ޵㿴~˿ɰβ
ڳԼò佱Ȼĺܣۣ̫ˣôѧᡣͳʮǮװķá
ʱһȱǮӦմеǮģأгǱȽҪһ£ŤŤģҾҸԡ
װʱ䣬װһ̨ˣлһǳָģһǳĲ˼
ҽԣ뵽˲
ȰĵطųڷԼæһܳˡ
ƶʮÿС࣬Ŀڸ֮ﵽ˶塣ֻҪʱ򣬾ͱⲻɣ⣬ãҲҪöͣһ
ȵɰཹðݣʱһ֮͵ֱֱݴ
»ƣû»ɤӽţֱֵԱ߲˵ųӵ֣ôŲ
˳ӣ˳һΪÿһ̲סüͷʲôضˣ
ӱúģ˹ߣеİڷŵһľ˵л
˳ӲȻĴϳӵļ򣬡ֲˣøɶ͸ɶ¡ֲ͵ʦҲѧᡣ
һľǰ˳ģţ͸׼ˣڻȥڸ磬ܻؼҺء
˳Ӳĵˡ
һӦøŪԺǽٸżһ˵ͽһ˽ûС
⻰ڳʮֵöĶ·ˮݹʮ̩ûϵͿôһۣѧʲôġ
ζӳƮ̨ǿģһĨϦҲϲ뿪һֳ°ͣ۾ڳӲͣ˫ϣȻ˫ֲôÿΪʲôôôĿأ
ӵֽвȥˣҵģ۲˳ˣĸľɴ಻ˡ
һôŪһѧһѧء
ȥţе¡
˵ߣҲһĻᣬǰϹһӡ
ֺʧˣһ룬㽫ζ塣֮ǮļƻеݱһܹܿгǮ¡
һԤٶ࣬Ĳ𡣿һأչǿԽԽˣϾҪը
гǮҲгĹҵȯʱӶѾ꣬ﶼѾ׺ͻִڰе״̬ˡ
糿һ˵һ裬ȥһг粻ҵķˡ
г¶Ѿ˵õģһǳˣ˭Ǯôôԭ򣬶ϱ飬һô֡һΣÿһһȣгӸۣһŮңԼһˣҲġ
ʲôĵģһʱʲô֪ɡ
һ̫ͣͬŲԼΪһģǼһҵΰϱԼõⱲҲһĵ
ǽ˳ӣΪԼܵҵſڣҪȥҩ
Ĳ£ոµгò˵̳ģоϺһ㲻һ˸Ʒͷĵƹ⣬۱ɡ
һŵƵĲͷһͷβ˿ں˳ͰͷϵɫĶӳɻԣһ̳˺öע⡣һԼʮֵŵģϾڴǴţеСӶҪΧת档
ԱߵĳҲոµİ׳ոµĺЬ
гĹ̨Ȼ۷ȥҪǰһԻۣҾֻĹ˿һˡ
һŹ̨չʾĽǩʿˮҲ̫
Ҫ콨ǱһԼװɣһոµİ׳ŤͷͿסˣӿ˧˧˧˵ŤͷǵģһŮ˵ǿӵģǿȹӡ
Ǳһˮ뷨һʼֹסͷгٶ࣡˴ķƣڵۣͷҪʮŹҵȯ
ҵȯҲҪǮũĹҵȯٵĺܣһһҲֻܵһţʣµļţġһгٿ鲻ֹ
Ȼס󣬡гô˭㱳ˣɡ
ðɣһϸϸץס޷ѣһС˼ҲɢˡȻӺûǮʱһ㶼
һǷˣΪڵĳӦǱȽԱģǹгĹУһֱǳڸۻԱ棬ۺˣۻԱİֵۣĲġ
һﲻ֪ʲôʱѾվˣ
һп
Ȼгһ̳ʱгӵһСγг˲䣬һоԼ̶ˡ
Ȼ֣ӻǮȥҽԺҩҽҪֻ˿ҩʲôɵĸɾ䡣
ҽԺӷֿһڳ߿һҩ׵ģ̵Ĳڻʱãҽ˵ֻҪֳԣ̵ĲͲͻȻˡ
һͷۣǺҪǮɡ
Цˣ̹ĺһ㣬꣬ǰ붼飬󡣡
ðɣ󣬿һѾˣͻȻͻȻǮԭ򣬾̰̿ܲͻȻᾭûǮ飬ǳӻôܣ
˵ûǲܵģǿһ뵽ÿȥӼң̶ЦţôõһˣӦúúõĻţŪꡣҲȻˡ
ʲôأӷԭߵˣͻȻ֮˼תͷһ
һ̧ͷԭղ̫רע֪䣬˳һءæӦŸȥȴǰĳӿԼĳͻȻ֮ɫ䡣
һŤͷȥһϤ
չǿһСյĲһŮӣڿЦŴкֵܣгûǮɣ


 51 

չǿЦһڴ, , ǴĽ, ͺĽ·һ
һָоһ棬ǷǳϤ, Լǰһİһ㡣ҲЦЦ˵ģԴһ·һ
ǿչǿȻ֣չǿҲоˣӣΪʲôӿҰ
ӵɫ˲䣬ͻָ, ͷһԲչǿ£·һ㶼⣬ζӳ, ϲ֮, , ϣǼٵ, һչǿ˶ѡ
һһЦǶ죬ȥɷ򡣴Ҷ˵, һֱûҵʬ塣ǸɷƬء
һƯĴ˵ʲôɷɷģս, һ˿ȻʵǶŮӣѩ׵ͷѹѹͷݣоԼϷˣȴ
һ﷼½󣬴ߴ뿪ˣһЦ
дŮôɰֲҲ
չǿͲ𣿡һȥķ򺰵
﷼һ£̲סڲţǰ˻ͷͽס磬ǸϿ߰ɣҾͷһΡ
˲һϤУæĵطȥһ﷼ֱޱȣͷҲѾģǺ顣
۵ͳ־ãôģ֪ҾͲǿеչǿǿ϶ˣҵʱ򣬿ɱչǿʱ硣ϴǸǲѾ˵𣿡
˵껹ţ̫̫ˣȥһɵɡר̫ġ
﷼ĵģҿܼǴʱ䡭
ûڳеУδԼա

һûչǿ£Ҫģ˽飬ĸ׻أҪԼﶼҪˣǻ𡣷չǿָ䣬͵¡
뿪Ͽտޱȣ˺ͳٵĿʱĹ˫һһ˫խĿ·幫·
ʱĹƽ̹гȻҪгá
ҪȥôأһȻǻﳵģŻ˻һƽ֮һ̧ȥ
ÿģþûģгĸо
ӵһгɱԺ󿪳ҸҪǿ
ںĳӣȴ͵ر۾ڿһ̧ȵһ˲䣬ϸ׵СȣдŻߵСһǰ
Ӵڴ˺һƽ궯ġ
һѾǰˣӣҴ㡣
֪Լ߹ˣ飬Լô㡣ӿ첽ܹȥĶһҴɣȹӷﳵ𣿡
ŶһȻȹڻ˻Σȹӵϥǵ棬ǹʱںģ·棬һˡѡΪ˺ÿġ
ɣ᲻ѽ
ǲģǿѧ
һָȴӻʼֵĻͦ죬һһţ۵Ǻ֣ܿǿʲô׵ĳӣгϱֱŵģҪˤͷ͸ˡ
Ȼһֱڴųˤȴգѧˣݸ߸ߵģÿڼˤʱ򣬶֧ס˳ﳵˡ
һ۵ͷ󺹣ͣ£ųӷĿģͷһźʹ˷ϲõСѧˣҴ㡣
һڳӵгקסӵ½ǣ˵ʵǰͻﳵҪ㣬²ȵˤˣѧһġ
ðɣһںձҭ
Ϊʲôչǿ
һͿȣ㱻ձҭ⻰⣬תҲ̫ˡ
гæҵģ߹հ˹գһˤӰյʿһû¡
һνİ֣ҾǸҲŰ㿴ڣµţµļңĸ׶ҪҸʶ꣬ҵҪԣܳĸ㿴װģһʶһ
˵ţһһӱǿССͷҪչǿ˭ôѪʧȥġ

һгڴǿҵĺ䶯СΧǵгܣһгƵˣҲܹ֡
һϣΪĽϵĹʣǲ˵Щ¡չǿ
ȫӲгһӵһò˵ԼޱȵԺ
гŲΪ棬ױ̫ɹ̥⣬лҡ
һĲʺƨĵϣû˸һ˵һ䵭ĺܣһ˵Ĳ˼ҪȥҿһƯĸһ˻Ҫÿľǲҿ
гðһгҲ֪жءиȢĶϱû˶ӻжϱܸɣôû⸣أ
гҼҹһɣԺˣҼҲ򡣡
ʲô裿˼µгǽѧģˤ𣿡
ڨڨģ˵ˣԼôˡЦ˵ÿҶϱ˼ǼҶǶϱء
û˸ڿһǰ˵Сûڿһǰ˭˵ȥ˼ˣȻҲʹͷ
ѧûſڣǹҿڽˣǽ֪ࡣ
й׬гҲҪ׬һ˵Ĺ֣ôֵ飬ȻҪȥ
һųȥˣһ벻ˣȴ÷
÷ССİ֪վţȴŴӵ˽ȥ֪㡣ţѾװˣʣµֻߣǵӡ
һߵֱﵽӳǰ棬˭
÷ϤͻȻ÷̣ϸһ㣬æȥȻ֪϶ҪԿһģˣȴ˵ζ
תһ룬ʲôö˵ģݵԼũҲǲѽֵü֪࣬ûа취¡
תʱһѾǰˡһžµСƤǴɰ׵ģ·ûо̫ıɹ֮졣һʱ֮䣬Щ֪۾ͳڿһˡ
һĲñԵСһ˫۾ʢˮһ㣬ӯӯΣɨ˵ʱ򣬴ӣ֪׷ֱˡ
÷ԼſһһЦһҲһͷȻһŮӡ
㣬Ҵش壬ȵŰɣǴӻɳӵġ
СŮӿӵģ˵ϳϳ·һֶ˵
һ˵ȻϳȻȥץҵܳͷôᣬ㶼Ҫ֣𣿡
ͷһŵӡ
ոµгһë˵̫ˣȻߵģг˵ҲһȻʲôʱе綯
֪࣬ÿŮӾ͹ܲסԼͣܲܵõʲôϻСваĲȥҴ㣬һǰϳֻںϣ
ǶС֪˵ģ۾ȴһ
һ·ûһƻһΣСеඣ
ǹ֪˵һˣҪʲôгѽܱܲŮӻˣ
˳ŷ磬һС֪˵ҲֳСõ
˭֪һץס·Ǹӵ㣬㳤ÿ


 52 

һûʲôı, Ψһı仯, 콨˵, ЩԪĳɱˣһ̨ĳɱ, ֲǼۣ̳ȣǵľڵ
ǼǲǼ۵ģֻܼѹЩ˵ˡ
һһһռһҪ˵׬ǮȴҺͽ콨װĳȡ
˳Ӵ, ЦĲ⣺װҲףǶ֪˵, ӻǸ, , ʵ׬һ, Ͼܸ
һۿǣģ
ܸһ, ôûأԼʹӱ𴦼ѹ֪, ԼҲǺǵġ
˼ǣҴ۸Ҫˣһֱʡ
Ǽϻеһֵ콨ñǮϷȻ󽻸װӼӹѣһûĻҪ콨ǮʮԪһ̨
콨۾ţҲ˵ǣҲ˵ǡںʲôɡ
һȴøίߣֱ˵ˣ˵ɣǮһ̨ҲǴģҪǼ۸ܽܣҾͻ򣬼۸ˣ˴ӱȥֲһ
֮Ȼ֪·
˶ڿ콨ɫ˵ڣʵ콨ѾһˣջأڴԼֻ˵ǮеĻļ۸һ㣬ҲûбҪô
һһ·ڳЦ˭ǿɲУӶûеĻ۸ǵơҿȥ
һһҲںܲĻǮӣ콨˳ӶˣѾݱӡ
һģ˼ǺϵƫƫǮ࣬ûǶ࣬ƫƫټѹһЩ
ʱģСۿҪɢˡ
Ϊһ˵ҲˣǸӣҲװˣϾҲǵŷյġ
Ĭ͵ķ·𲻴ڣʱȵıʾûйϵҵƤҲͦģ£ն㣬ǮȴԼˣʮԪǮΪĸĳطѰɡ
˵ţӶͳŴŽᣬתͷ콨Щ죬ллİģǸˡҼҵĽ׼Ҳ֪ҪǱץסɱеĶء
˵ĺ˭Ҳûа취ϾտʼĶ鲻ԸǿһȰġ
ȼ۵ľ˳ӣ㲻ˣ⻹ôȥ
Ŷ֪ȥأһŸ첲һϷЩȫǵãôһӣ쳶ġ˼ҲνӦõǣôһ⣬û콨ȫչԼΪˣȫԼСһ˿ҲԼ˱ء
콨ס˳ӣԳ˵ֵܣ㲻ˣʣµǿûװǾҪⱾˡ˿Ҫ
һһ侮ʯû¶Ʒңжն١
˳ӷŭһˡ
ʱת˵ĽñȴͷɹСʱصʹһ󱭷˱ˮ
ȭִ̧һ޹ǿһҵң˵ǮˣҡҲǮˣͲˣӦûʲôɣûǩͬ
Ҫ壬ǺͿһۣҪ۷ɣǸû̸ͷԼҲޣũȫƾ£ȷû뵽Ūͬ
ǼжӲǾжˡ
콨ɫʹһӣ˵Ҫ»ҲǾ׬һ㣬۸ԭģвУǰһ꣬ʼա
УɲǰĶˣʣµĶڹܴۣܲһ㡣۸ûκεľҪٸһ㣿ϰ壿һЦЦ콨
һӣȴһЫĳ
콨˵뷨
ˣ콨Ҳýˣÿ̨۸һ˰˿Ǯ˵ʲôˣʵһһëǮ
һÿļˣŸǸӡ
콨˵ɲǸӣΪһͷ⡣
ÿ춼ڿһװռĵطҪѳطѸһ£
콨óʮǮ
콨˳Ǹո߳ţһѾ̲סȻЦ
ҲЦЦĿޱȡ
˳ǾͲôˣֱǵùߵһ죬˳Ӳĵϴ˵Ǽ۵ģôˣ
㣡Ҫǲᣬ˳˳ģҲôѪ콨ŭ
˭ֻȣ׬ıһ࣬ΪЩҿǰҵ׶ͳˣһأֻȣıҶ࣬ƾʲô˳ȻǲȴˣǿһͿռҵ׬ǮĻᶼһء
ůƵĵƹũСԺ콨ںڵӣε̾Ϣһ֪ΪʲôղŵԼ˵ĺͿˣǿһģǼҲǿһģһǮʲôˣǺͿ
İɣһ磬ǾͲܸһϻˣʱ׬Ǯ׬Ǯ콨
˳ûϴȥԼĽˣ˵һĴȣ͸ˣԼ׬Ǯ
콨һĵ˳ӵĺףģǿһˡ

ʵһأ޷ˣϾгôһ㣬ƾһˣҲûб¹Ӧĵڲ㹤֣ÿ¶ܿ׬һٶࡣ
һٶһ˼һķֺ죬һˣһ¾׬ˣһԼޱԺȦˣǻеǷϵģһ
ڵϹһ﹡һ֪ܹ
÷վǰһôԼͿ¼ҲѾ˺ôΪҪԼĲʮǮ
÷Ҳ֣Ī֪ΪʲôҪ֪𣿡
Լǳ֪Ƶģ˳Լģ˵֪
÷ˣѵͲ֪𣿡
һ֪
÷ֱҭĿףһһ仰ýĻ֪ô˵
˽п֪࣬ȥӡ
һ÷ͬʱ̧ͷȻ˽е÷һȻһЦˣͦġ
÷÷ļȻڲԼһ˵ĶϷˣǷЦҲΪﵱ֪ģֵķһϼңһ
һŶʲôϵ
һȻû˵κ˶ܴ䵭Ͽ仰
÷İ֪֮ҹҹ¿һģ·Լ֪ܵ࣬ܵһĳЦò׻˳ǣȴͿһһˣȻûС
ڵĺ⣬ǱȳЦòڣ÷Ѿˣô룬ҪСҵˣ˵Ѿ޵Ҳû̵ô˵¡
֪ˣһͷĻ֣ͷ󺹵ĽൽعϡعϺöȲݣժһѻȥŶʲôũĻڲܹȥﾭ̰̫ɻ
лҪ˵ԺϾŵ

 53 

һҵֳʲô۶, Ͼ׷ǹ, һѪԵϵԼס, ʵڲܡ
ϱĸȥ֮ǰ˼ңȢ, ĴŮûһ˿һĸ顣ĸأҪҲǶŮСӣֻϣܵŨŨ飬Ϊ̫̫ĴӵԵʡǿһΪϻԵ޹ʰˣȻû˶зʽĸ, ԼѪһ㣬һ㶼ںЩϣѪԵϵ, ƺҲ⡣
Լҵ, ͬʱҲעžƵı仯, 㲥ԽԽƽ, ΪʮĺƵβȻСɽȻȻճ, Ϣϰߡ
Ͽͻڿഫά֣ɲ賿ĵܵȻڽͷ̵Ŀʱ, ճȸżֻѼȥȻݡŲ֤ɸɾûκεζԺͷ
ȻһͷҪģɽȻ⽨Ű壬ҶĵС⡣
һûܵˮƽߣҾͷ·ŵζϡ
еڷǰݺ˴Ƭӣ֯ƷǮе˼һȺѼӣ˵ݼҵķԼҴʵҶ֪Լġ˵ڣÿ£¿Ӷͬ
ԣʵСɽĴҲǸܲƵı仯ֻ̽ĽŲûôˡ
һΥıԵ̽
Լ˱־ͻӳûӣģ˵˼ڴ̳ģ˴ǮԼľˮôôûһһӣơǺǣϣϿһһٯͺܴƣܸ߶˵ĸо
пܵĻһװӡˢһ˵飬óӡʱǻǺʵģ˶þУʮֵĺӡ
ȻҲֻĵĻ̱꣬˶ûеġ
һһ򣬸ɵִ˲ƣһ⣬ԺĶ϶Ҫһ££˼ĶʱȻ뵽
ⲻ𣬿һҲǸ⡣
ջһյĺ꾰˳ԵĺãҲԵĺãһ󡣿һ裬ǲǾɱˣɱ
ЦŴ룺Ϲ˵ʲôأ𿴳ĴҲһܳ϶ԲϣԺ
£ʲô¶ð죬Ǹһˣһ͵û죬øȥˡѡûУʲô飿
οһŲչǿָ֮ǰأûа취վڵµƸߵʹչǿ
Կһ׶ӻȻŪͷֻѼӣֻԺĲ԰ſڵĲ԰мҺ濪Ļĵء
һûеȵչǿָǵȵҵ
ʵȢų֮ũУһ··ġӢͿſһҵԺ棬ʯͷŮͣ޵⻧˼ҿͦõġ
ʵſڳ̣˵ĻҲʮͬġ
Ϊʲô޷أΪʱ䣬ԺΧֵĴǾޱҰ棬гѾïʢޱȣ飬γȻΧǽȻóӸһţʵʵ
ѾȺȥﺰһˣȥϾر٣зŵӰ磬ֳɵ֣ײ
ڿһʱ򣬼ſһƬյؼѾΧȫСӵˣбСӵ֡һĿȺһɨ÷֪˭ˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣϷӶһô롣
һĿһɨżϵ˴ҴվǸݸ߸ϿһȻмƣ׵ûˡ׵ϣſһǺһ
֪ΪʲôһһģǶϱνĸףõ˿¼ҸǮ֮Ŷûидһ⣬ˡ
һҲţֱʣ˭ʲô
椶׵¼ҵĺӻȥˣʲôĺòáʵΪɶôе˵椶أΪԼŮʲôˣֻǴӿ¼һΣǵˡ
һĮ㿴ˣҹͦõģǻȥɡ

ȥȻǲܻȥģһĻӦ˳ԹȺڵĳԹһʮ֣ϾӵϷ볣УľҲʱ˷֣ȴÿһζҪŵͷͷԹȺƷλġ
ĶԹȻԽԽãԹȺ쳤˲ӿ»ĸķӦ
ʵɫź죬Ӧļƻڣʮʱ˵ĻʶĿԼӡ
Ӣ϶Ц⣬˵ӣװְŪҲİ˭ŮԼǰĳء
ҶԵǸŮǸǰģȢ˺ݲǰµĺӣͶ̫̫ˣǰɣ÷ô˵ġһ̴ϷʵĴơ
ӢϵЦһάֲסˣϳƤЦⲻЦ״̬ô˵ģ㣬ÿ»Ҫģ͵͵ĸ̷ۣʱ᲻£أġҲ֪ĲãعѣԶ㣬⺢ˮȡ
һͻȻ룬ߺ߽ҲҽУѼӶҲؼҵ·ˣΪΧŵ̫࣬ѼӵСۿǶһءʵôһƽô͹Ĳˡ
˰ɣһ춼ûң˵ҡŮ˵ɽͷӣܵ裬Ϊ˶ΪҲ֪Ҫܳˣ¶ҲסҲƭң̲ôģټŮǶɣ
ССׯǴǲ׼緹ҲҪϷס
һϤİı飬ǶֱԲ𾪣Ŀ֮䵽һŹеϡһ㶣ǳӣӳһЦ·˻ԱţӿǰӣǰҪһЦһЦζҪͶ빤ˣģҲע˾֮ܵһж
ȻһЦһȴеõЩеζ۾ʱһᡣĸĸҪʱûпޣĸټһεʱҲûѹֻãЦһеȴʡ
 ɲô˵㣬㡣ʱ㱻ʶƣҲҪװûµӡǲ˭ǵ顣
ԹȺڶԱ¶ԼȳҪ֪ĸʲô֪ͥԶŮ̬ȣȻһ˭ҳԿˣ˭մˡ
һ˵ʱһھʳǿǾԲԼĴ¶ġ
ȴϿԸĸĻ»Ʋ˵ˣôǾ͵ûſ»Ʋÿ»ƳԿ
֣ô˵˭ҿӿģû׹Ůܵ׼װɣ
ʵǼҵļ£Ǳܣ


 54 

һ˵ׯСӾҵļ, ҵ¾ǳׯСӵļ, ֪ʱչ, ֮ڴϹҲû˭ҵ, ˵ĻȻҪģ˵ңأ
ʵȻûдκζˣϰףǳŮûзŮ͵ģǲͳǮʵô, Ҳһͺô˵˳
ʵõĿ͸ǴͱˣһνĮЫĳϷô϶ȥ, ֱߣҲҼ, ޷ǾҼ޳ȥһʲǮ, ʵ, һҪţˣҲ׸, ø˲ģҪŮ, ȸһʲǮһٿС
ʱݻˣ˵ϱ׵ﵽﲻǲ֣̿˵ϵĶֻʣһϱϥûһŮǣסϱǲֵ̿ġ
ʱջصңϱ˵ĻصݶˣֱͦˣȺȥжϱ仰֪ʲô̬׼ˡ
ĸ߸ߵݱӽ˵ϵĲмϴŵ΢Ц׼ˣһ߶ǿͣ˼ô˼ҵ£㲻ʧ˼ҵ
ָҷ˵ڼҳԶٷ߰ɣԹһӵţǻȥ
˵Ѿţӽһ¦ͽԺȦԣҪ뿪ȴʵ˵˵ŮһмڿһӲӣһӣҲûˣһʵ˵ģͷйһ¡
ֵĴһﻹûȫɢȥǵԿȫ׵֡
죬ĳûпżʵ˵һܿңҵңҲҪһٿǮҪһҵĻϸʮǮͳˣô
ĬĬǽеţҵȢ˿»Ƶˡе˾ųһ׻ǸˡǰЦĵóɫĬ˼ʮֵλ
Ψһʵе𾪵ģҲֻпһˣͳӴϵģôϣδĹܳ׸ѧУ̳ȫǴʱһأǿͳӴڶԵȵĹϵϣҲֻҥϵʱһ³ʱ˵ԸĻֻҪʮǮ
ʵ﷢죬һٷûжԣԹ̻ؼˣʱ߷ߵ˵ҵżǸʲ𣡡
ˣҪˣӶˡ
ʵ·ĺ޺ۼ˼ﶪʧǿùûĺۼ
кۼģ÷֪ʵǶԷ޵ĵУǿһĶԴǣ·ϣһԲķޣĸ
·һŨü۵ˣúʲôֵʱŭ˼ҹˡ
콨һۿһŮӣȲǰѯʣҲ֪ľ仰ǵ˼ң̾Ͳˡ
ͦĵģװӦǸոϹؼңӦþǱص˰Ĵ
콨ѾԺĺӽʲô֣һкһŮԼûйεĺ磬մػûüεŻ˼С˰ɡ
콨Цţȥ˳ӵļҡ
ʵ˺иĵĹ涨û¶ҪȥӵļҡΪʼʱ򣬲̫ۣͬԼʲôģֻڿһǶͷᣬǮװ
콨ʱ򣬳ӷǳǳĲ졣
콨ϳüĿ֮ʮֵ˷ܣֵܣһ¶ҪҪ

һСӱ߿ߵϼȵһֺȫĳƽߣսʣһ΢Ĺâʱ˼ҡ
ںӱߵķſ붨ɮһ㣬ȴǰ˵ĳ컰˵֮ͷĽ͵ͷĽ¡
һضкӣǣңȵսؼսķ޹ϵָúȥδӣûκεͷ
ȥ·ϣ콨콨ֵĺһ͵¹ǮСкˡÿһʻĻᶼûС
һܹ̳ŻȻǲȥҵ·Ǳߵķ򣬿ȥӼˣҲȥ÷ˣ
ء
ڻȥ·ϣһֿ˳ӣô쾹¶ˣһĶҪһ棿һƹӣ⼸죬ӶǶ㿪ģĸ죬˵Ļ¸һš
Ǿ£һǷǳسӵģѾһڡǰô˵ˣǰһҲǴŰɻġ
ӶסΪ˵̸̸
̸̸̸̸һμôӣͦģһǾڵĹ̨ϣһοᣬʽеСѧ̬ʮֵλҲǺ档žͲĻµӡ
ӽ콨Ҫ£¶˵˳һҲû̫ӡ
һȻˣ콨ׯСӣһ㶼ֱԼܣû·ûͷûԵĻҲ˵һ䣬Ҵҵ˵ġ
˵ʵڵģһͦӸ˵ģΪ콨ȥĿǴ⡣콨ѾүȥϱߵˮүǴӺ߽Ķ
ûпţóٵĺܣǹȻģг̵Ŀĵӻ΢¯Ҫȯ˵ĺܡӸۿǱ߱һЩͳ˷ǳ׬Ǯ⡣
һ⻹Ȼǰҽκ̣ܻᵼԺûж𣬵ϵظ˶һȴͬʱȻ˶һȴš
ͦõģ콨еȥ£Ҫ̵Ļſ԰æչˣҲ԰æĵȥɣͼһ뷹¶
С񹤵֤ҲŪһʮǮܵĹֿ֤¶ģڴһӵġ
ੲݵĺ촽Դĸ֮ͱˣһжģֺڵʲô鷢һͻ̣ǰûйģ롣
ü˿һ콨ңҸ˵˵ŮˣϷɲ
һһʲôŮ˵۵ͻˣƨܸɵɱˣ
ֱʻƵ25ߵݸһжʵĹΣӿһֻצСʨӡ
ҸˣҲȥģ֪Ǿľչ̣̲֪ܻ꣬߾ҵТġ֪𣿡
һ°δнļ£㵽Լæͷ֪֪ϱǸûоȹĳٶǮҲѾ޲ˡ
еʾӼ˵ļ£ģԺԳ׬Ǯˡе׸ӡʱȻţƵı༭Ҫʵ¹ױд˽ӴƸ֮
硱ееǰɩݹϵı㣬Լд˽һǰչǿĹѪ
һֻǰιݵζʲô
ӿѹʲôҵǣ㻹Ǹø콨ɣȡҪ쵼㣬Ҫ쵼ǣȻǼˣеӲŰɣӻеġ
εĵֳŶַ£˫ֽϣȣʮ֣أ˵˵Ļģҵʵ뷨ʲô
һӵʺţ˵Ļ̫࣬ÿҲҪĸһģǴʲôѽ
һֻ۾ﶼʺţ򴽣Ѿ˵һ˵һڣҲûʲôѵġ
ĸ˵ҿ׸ң˵ģ㣬ʲô
һסˣ˭иǧĳ󽱣סġһڱǰʯڵģǼ񣬻ǲ


 55 

һ, ·һ, ֹͣ
ſڰһ, ôһ, ֮ʹŲӦѾ뿪ˡҲ֪ʲôʱģӦڳ˵ʱİɣʱ̫רעԼˣûע⵽ķӦ
һоԼԼƮ֮ˣԼ񲻹һʣΪʲô
֪Լ˵ΪʲôΪʲôҪ׸ҼҰ
, ӺˣľеϵССĺΣ˵Ϊʲô
ȻԼǷ˵Ϊʣ
֮жʱɢ, ĸоû, һŷ, ԼֽŶѾӲ, СĵŲһƨɣǺǣҿЦġ֪
֪, ʲô˼ͬ⣬ǲף
һĵԲ۾, СΪ
ѸƬΣͬͲͬ⣬ֱһɺɡٸһλᣬһǸŮ˵Ը⡣
Ը⡣һ۾ģɣδֳϣȻӺ˧ʲôԣͣɽժҰԼԣǡûеǡ
ڿһɺ˫Լ£̲סֿ־ƺһ㲻ּ֣סһˣ̲סһģһֻС¹ײ
˭׶İɣһ룬Ҳûôˡ
վ𣬸ߴӰƻƵĵƲ󣬿һֻܿߴӰˣҹؼҵкѾˡ
һĸˣʱ·ʲôָ룬ӰĿĽë˼£󸲸ѣ۾
ֲڵָϸ۵ļĦһ£Ȼߡ
ӵЦ⣬Ͳ֪ļ¶ҸóԷˣҲûؼˣǵø˵һؼҸ˵УҲҪ񡣡

Ҫô˵ѽߺ󣬿һκתˣҪֺõĴУֺóѣ֣
ӵĽһʳˣҪô˵񣬺֪ʲôƵġ
ʱʱĿһӣ
Σ׼гˣһһ裬

ǿһһ˲䣬ĻӦѾˣ˺ܾƵġ
һһĺߣȷſ϶ˣ裬Ҫ¶ˣҪ׸Ǽҡ
ãһʯͷ˵أòܵͷ棬һˡ˵ʵſͷʱѾˣΪ񣬻̵ءص˼ӲģԼչĺð
Ϊµ˵һ飬ȳˣŶ˳ϱɫǳˣû׼ʼиþ
ºˣºˡһ̣ŷ·˿˸һ仰һֱظ߶
һߣס֣裬Ҳ޸Ͳ𣿡ϱӣ˵ϱȴͬĸŮһദչ˺ӣաûжм̣СΪý飬ദҲʮҪá
żҪ޳ӣ̲סԼŵļϡ
˵Ļɲóĺĵġϱڻҡţû˶ӣߣԼǺãô죿ܣ㻹ˣܹҪġҶˣҪǹңֻԺ㵱ţġңҲûʲôû㣬Ҳû㡣ҾȰԼ˼ҲӦðȵϵĸɲˣͺƤѪĴӼ
˵һЦչǸʲôأʱˣ˿϶Ҫһ¸һۣ壬̫ˣڵѪĵزĸ֮Ǯ㡣ڽ֮Ҫּң˵ʮ綼𾪵ĻԺÿ¸ʳʣµľͲҹǰɣ
˶ռϴĴ˵˲ԼͬЦ
ЩˣԼĶϱ޸ӣӲܽԼ裬Ҳǳ뵽Ժ˳ı˴չˣЦۡ

ڶһ磬һɫ׵ʱ۾ĿʶѾǽ£ҹˣӣҲԳˡ
ҪǣϱչǿָһؼҲûжˣ
һҪ飬Ӧ˳ӵ顣ðɣҲ飬ֻ˵׸Ҫ񣬰ⲻǼ˵˼
ҪǣͳӵĹϵˣδ޵Ĺϵһڻе£벻ôߵһġ
ˣһһɡһִ·
ͬʱҲԺֹ̫û¶ͷأ˭ȥǳ̣һϸڣ˵ԼҪؼȥ̡߳
ǴͲģˣ˯ܾûдŵŹȣΡΡĵδϱ˵ǸòģʵһھӵĻ¡
̶ϱʮŶû֪ݶԿһǻ£Ȼ˽ţ˵Ǻ°ǾͲ˼ҷ
һ˵ûһ˵Ļļƣס
Ȼ֪ˣ׶أס̵֣˵ĻҪˣӸǵúһ衣
ӱ¼ȥ̾ģӴԺ󣬾͵ûгӣԺôţӵֻһҵĽá
Ĩ˰۾֪ˣֻҪϻƶͥͲڶôί᲻ӣ˼ġ
ӸǸúӣǼҰһһõġӸ˵ϾͰѶҳˣһĵģҿŮǶʱ˴ӣӣҲôˡ
˵ţĴͳһ־ݸ
ֲǼҵĴͳȢ׸еġ
һӳţײ̸ŶһĻЦţʮֲ˼
ȴã̸ɴཫݸŰɣ̾ȸǾǶˡӸȥһ˵أͷ˵˵ʲô˼Եǲ֪ǷǰҪһԴġͷҾӸȥӸҲЩҵȵʱ򣬲ͱʱһֻ¶ˡ
ͷ˵ȦĿ˿̫̫ǼģŵĺҲôġ
ŵװ׵Ŀһεĺ޲ýֺץأϳڴ⣬ԼĶһ࣬ͷץסɵӵ̬Գӵ󰮣̴Ӧˡ
ھԼͶӣñ˸ĻŮˡ
˵꣬ͽҪˢϴҪˮֱˡ
һھڱˢžˮӰԼ۾ܺÿСɣ϶ǰĭĭСǹͷͷޱߣ޷üë࣬ԵеС
ôôòϱչǿѡ﷼ѡǲ۾Ϲ˰
ʵӣҲɣϾôÿҲͦǮģҲһ߰šǻһΣӦˣܸоԼĶ࣬ϵڴ۾еΡ
һ˫ץס˿һĺ󲱾ʲô
˫֣ͷˣֱӽԶһԹĵųӡ˼ԹԵĴˮֻھһţģ첲ԲͽһͰˮ
һﺬĭıԹҺÿվӣˮʹˮӸʲô
üɻĿƲܵľףӳһߴģʮģӰ⻹վӣ
ȻסŮӣĵӳͰ죬οˮô峺Դչܣȱ𴦶أΪʲôգ
֮˵Ժ뾮ôţСҸˮ


 56 

һھˮߵ, ųػ, һ߰, ֻ϶˺ѡȵһ˵ʱ򣬾бҲˮˡһԱµ, ˲ʵʲôأҲˮ
һεЦڰæžСȥˡ
һһƽĴʯͷŵģСӺˮĵطһΪ˷ֹණȥΪ˷Żʧ㡣ˮʱŴ򿪣ⲻˮؼҵʱһССĿ϶, ʵÿģô̵ʱڣһ㲻¡
һе, ؼҳ̺ſ϶¶, ĵǴ, , ԳӴûйޡȢͷһʱͿΪڱ, ȻͺͿˡûаĻһɢɳһɢˡΪ, ǳĳʲôģǿɲ
ǴˮǸ˭أ˹һߵĿ»˵һˣҵˮͰҿˣ¾һȥɡ
ˮˣȻˣŶһ
һǣŶʲôʲô⸱ʲôı飿
˼ҽͣ˵ĸоοһ飬ͳȷ˹ϵڶȷһĿ˴ˮ뿪ȻʯͷҪǣҪ·ʲôûʹӡ
ȥ·ϣһ֨֨ѽѽҽеıⵣбѹסĳӼϵĲӣΪʲôҪҽ鰡
ӲĿ·˵ʲôϻ߹֣һǮҳԷΪ˺ҽ𣿡
һͻȻͣңҡ
⿴ڳȻǲ˼ˣعͷߣȻȴȸղŸȸԾ
һ̲ס˵Ҿáû˵꣬ͱȵסԭǸղŴˮǸˮҲؼң״һѣ϶ʲôԡ
ʱһԼһ߽֮סıĶܾܿͳӡ
ڴʱתͷҪãԺһõġ
˶٣˼תͷĿǰһҪңһϺӡ
ܹϺӡǿ϶һҪô˵ô
Ǽ˿񶼱ˣͶųoΣ
²ܿһԸԸ⣬Ѿʵˣʱٺͳ˵˵Ļһ߳ŭ˹ϵҲһΣӡ
ԼųƾӳôӢ˧һų⣬ǰ˲ʣֻǾԼԳӣûкҵİ顣о仰˵ֶ޷װһ磬һǰ顣
Ժڻӷʱ򣬿϶ճ
ڳӾȻϲǾһֱӦûͺɣ
ʵϸ룬Ӹ׵ʱС¹Ҳײһء뵽һİǾɡ
ǵԺˣڴڴˮԣһԶȥ뵽
صңѾؼˣҲѾ˷˾ͰڷڳǰӴˮкԷ
ϿһһӶˮǵģڱˮŵģȡ
ȻһˣǰҲʮֵչ˳ӣΪϿһġ
źˮݸӣӳһЦȻ˹˵İѺˮһ
һվǰΪʶĺᣬ΢ȣĿת˱𴦣ֿϵһ
ҸһӰɣˡ
ӽݸһųһЦ˵Уʲôʱȥٻ¥ҳǮ
ڳ˹Ĳˣ˲úȣ˲óԣڹţһٶ˳ȥʱСŮĻ̲ס͵ЦЦ˶Ų˳ȥ˵Щõѣ촩ƽģһϴһû޲ʹá
һȣûдһ·ܴϡ
ſһ˵Ҫһûʱ䣬ҪûʱˡҲе·ܷѹۻ軨ģһ·Ҫܾãʱ䳤ˣ۾Ҫᡣ
һģܸоȵ⣬ʱ䡣һ׵ıҧ´˵Ҫ·ˣԸ·ֻҲ˵ڡ
ˣһһţ³ӿ϶ΪĲҪҪġ
ôأǾͼɣҲûʲôʧ;ͬ飬ĿҲﵽˡװһʱװװһǾͲװˣǽʵ
˵ҪۿŶϱͳһģͺص˸Ӱָնʱڵ˰ľҳ޲ɫʱ´˴ɫ
ˬó̿һ·
ˣǮҲܻǮǹůһůʱУ˼ҾͲΪԺ㣬ԼİǾԼ
һ˵Щּҵ£ϱʱſɲø˵ЩȻȴŽ ϱŮȫִ
ϱʱֻ˵ģʲôԣĵŮҪˣ߶ڼҪ׬ǮҪǮ
һ˵ã೤ϣһֱȥ
ûãŵŮôΧңеЬӣе͹ˡһʢ֪һģԾĳ˼š
ؾһķͣСССӣȫ֪ӺͿһѾ
һأҪȥˣ򾮣Ĳȥڴˮˣ̫鷳ҪԺһھǾ̫ˡ
ˮλͣӴڵľˮܿó˲õĴȴˮô졣ҪģǴ򾮵ļȥʶӳҪ򾮸˭
ӳʾ֪ǴľһĴģҪʲôڸӣұ϶ʯͷڵˮ֮ڸһףˮӦûɶ˰ɡ򾮰
򾮰ʽľôһѹͿԳˮģ
ӳԴͲ֪ˣֻίԺʱͷôģ
ӳѹˮĹ߳Ϊͷ
һ̾һ֪İ
ӳҲ̾ͷһҪ򾮵ģǰҲûо鰡ίԺиѣҪҶȥʣ
һϲĵлǾ̫ˣллӳ

һؼҵʱȺŮ˻أЦ˵ʲô򼸼·Ůʱ˵ʲôľģ䵽ҡ
Ц˵ܣû˿ֹ˼һڻ·װûǵ֮⣬Ľȥˡ
һڴϣİҽһͨͳһûʲôѾ˵ԼǱЩ˵ǽ˲˼
ʱһ㶼ںİһÿԼ̬ˡ
һ˵ĶóŸó·һ޲
ۣ·
Ӵϣɫ·ʲôأһԼ·ʲôӣרĵڱдд


 57 

һ·ĺ˳, ĹһĲ, , װһԱ߾Ѿϲü, ׼ˡ
Ѿһ·ˣİٱд޵˷ܡ
ֻ׼ʱͻȻоһǿҵߣӶѡ
֣Ƶ˵Ϳʼˣ£㶼û, ô֪Ҵ·

һסͷһ룬ûӵĳߴ, ĳߴ˰, Ӧúܺʵ, Ծ֪ˡǱ׼ƫݵ, ν׼¼ӣҲǿһڴΪ·ĵ㡣ڴ׼Ѿժñӵԭԭǰ΢΢ŵıҲֱͦ, һͨģڵСӡ
ִֵѾֿ, Ǻ鷳˾ãһݣԺҲͲøˡ
Ŷɻˣѵһû뵽ΪʲôûأΪߴȻҪЩӴô
˵ˣûоܾĵһǵԼأΪϲôҪװһӣǾܲ˼һȻ޷˵Ƥߡ
ǳӵļ򣬿һСϸĵļ¼³ߴ磬˵ĵļ45ĸûа
·ϲһ㣬ҰߴС
һͷָΧһΣһƤߣֻԥ˼룬һӢӣ˫һ죬׼ƤΧ䡣
»ƣڲǰҴ¶ˡӳ𣬴Ӵ￴ȥӳѾֱԺ
һæ֣ҲͷߵΣܿĶġ
һæӭȥӳȻ˵򾮵飬򾮵ʮǰľˣʱרŵĴ򾮶ӣؼũˣھ֯Ҳ֯أӳسһ飬дָϡ
ǵ裬ӳô˵վڿһ棬˳ſһĶԽ򾮵ķһ飬˵ͦ򵥵ġ
ӳϲСӾȻ˵ͦ򵥵ģ¿֪࿴ءʵǱкǰûоʱ򣬶֮ܵĺӱߴˮȣСΨһһھʮǰＯʴġ
ֻǶӳųӷڿһӺ֣üͷ
еĲջֱ֣ӽǱõϸ
¹˾ھǽ֮ǰһϡ˵
һӶǮĶһǮӶͳһǮŵϣ鷳ӳæ׳Ǯ
ӳûдҪлع˵ʲôʲôֱӽǮõһ㶼ûǫãȻعˣɵһ졣
Ի۵˵ע⣬Ǹʲôʱ룬֤
û˿һͳ˽֤Ǿ˾ĺϷޣֻҪǮ飬ҲܵõһʵѡȻõİռסµĽ𹫼¡
Ӧǻ֮ɣڳӻʮءڵķ䣬ʮͶʮꡣ
ӳһ죬ҪǴָ꣬һҪѻް֤Ϊںö˽鶼֤ģϯǽˡǶӳ˵Ĳ˻ֻĿ׶ѣĻôͻأ
ǿ֤˲ڿɲ檣Ƿӳʮĳ˵
һһӾЦˣŤͷԵģεĴ̧ͷ߲ĵ϶ӳ˵Ӧػͬʱ˽飬ģ꣬żԶϵǹ֤ġ
϶ӳȻ˵ǾͺãǾͺá
һǶԳӹĿ࿴ԼͬǳѧԼʮʱôûжôءңô֪ôص֪ʶ
Ȼǿǵͦܵ˭ûԼǵܵ
ʵչǿ֮ûãҾͰ֤ƾ֤ġ
ӳˣڵ˲𣬲Сˣɶͷ뵽ģ˼˲뵽
ǰһˣе˧ҪǺ࣬õһСӣп»ƣƯܸɣ˵ʮûһСܱȵϵģ壬֪ͼ顣
ֱԽԽ䣬϶ӳһԼԣˡ
һƤߣҪΧ³ҲŵϷһ˼ԹԵԼˡ
˳ߴ֮󣬳£ 飬Ҫ̣סﶼԣҿġ˵꣬ЩĵſһӦ 
 Ϊ Ҳ˵һһֱԳкø ĸ˻ɥֹ˼ΨһӾТ
 ˵ĺҲأҶ⣬ô㣬㻹𣿡֮ǣҪЩӦ顣
ӴΪжǰһܱǳļAˡһ۾Ĵģ˼驤ô
֪ж࿪ģӱһ»Щ̸Ժ֮СססׯҲôһôòԶչˡɳӾᣬȢϱ̵ĵ
ӽ¶ԭԭĸ˿һ ˵ ǼðһЩ»ļҾߣǱ߾ͷЩ̭ľɵģɣʱʱҪȥס졣򼸴޻ƱƱҪ׼ýʱæҡ
˵ʲôһʹӦʲôΪ±æ̻ͦ˼ġЩϱӵɴûй
Ǳװһʱʱĸ赹ˮó濪ʼ㣬ȥ
һٿƸ  ǲͶĸо𣬲ò˵ǿȴ
˼۵ģӵϡһûãζ뼦ͼǶˡ
ʱŸصũؼžʣ һ˵ۼҪأʲôʱ򿪹
ӳɣСʱ˾ͶѾ֪ˡ
ݳ˵ͿЦȥŵĳӣԱ߷裬һﻹҰӵĽű߻һ㣬һ᣺ һ̫
ӵϣܷԼ¶ݡ
˵վͿȡھһӳ⻰ʵ 콨Ǳ߲һֱڴھʹ򾮣᲻ᵢϵĻ
ҲŵӣӺν Ҫļˣȥ̨ǲȥһ̨룬ҪٶҲϹҪ
ðɣ콨ͼ˱˼һһֱ֪һֱûô¾ˡ˵ߵƫһЩҲΪ⡣
һӴһ보ӲˣԼҲؼҩǻ롣
·ϲɱԵԱǣĿд˴ĺ »ʲôʱϲƣ
ֱͦӣͦͻȻġѸټũ岻ʲô£ȳ죬ӣǻңСӡһٵ²ˡ
ЩΪʵԵʻгӵ˻ȥ
ӵĶҲˣ·֮һ˵·ϣεӿһãʱбҪ˵ʲôջһ㡣Ȼӵ¶ˡ
 ǶӳǸͣʲôһ˾Ͷ֪ˡ
 һͦ˵ġǰ˵
Сӣ˵ͦģԿһ˵Ǹ飬һգգ۾ʣΪ˶֪Ҫ𣿡
һë˳ŨܣҲˮģôڳǰգգ
Ƹ˫۾˵ǵġ
ƴֲڶ󣬸ϣһסС¹ֿʼˣϵ¶Ҳʼߡ
ǲһãԼҪСϷˡ
һžһĵӵ֣סԼĲڣʲôø˵ġ
֣һٶͻȻӿ죬ܿ߹һ˵С·
ں溰ô죬Ūˣ
ǿһɿ̤żѾҵš
ȵӽȥʱ򣬿ѾЦ̵Ŀһˣ֪һ˵ʲôЦ¶ûݵڵġ
Ӻ˵ʲô˵ôأ죬̻һοŵǵĸԺˣ̫Ҫһסء
һ˸˵㣬ʰԼҵ꣬ؼˡ
˵Ļɲҵų˵һ飬ȻһѸڼأΪ˺˵Ļųӵ˵ҪҪˣ
֪ǣһԶ̾Ȳ˵˳һ˵Ժ˺ӣҪҸǺ庢ӣ˵ôˣôϱ˵ϣɵϡһˣ㣬úúÿǣҲæӦ𣿿һʮ̫̫Ŷ
˵Ų⣬۽ƿɲô˵ġֻ˼꣬úúðæأϱ˵ǣĸﲻǲܳ˰æźӣ˳ȥֵģ˵ҪԼס²ϱڶɣ
˾ˣû˵ʲôԼͿ³Ϊ˵ۣı̬ȡ
ӱ˵ġϱˣȻӿһѪ˵ӿϱදĳƺҲҪΪֹϵˣ
̶Լӣһ˵ҪԼס¶ҸҪǣ˭źϱӣ
ѹЦãʲôӣ飬ء


 58 

˵򾮾ʹ, װĻ, ôǮ, ˵ǲˡ
콨Ӱӵ, һЩҶǮ
ϧֻʮֿϧ̯֣˵øĸҲû˵һҪӦϰǰЩҪĻ̫࣬۵ۡټһҪ򾮣һˣó
ɴ˿ɼ, ӵĻѻһģôɻۣô򾮾ͱóء
һųǿˡĸ, ǲǳӷ˱ʲôһ˵, ȥ, 콨, ȡһʱ䣬콨ҪԱˣһΪ, 콨࣬ҪѶԺ, ϶бô
콨ʮֽ꣬ɳһȭͷһ죬һһ
վüĿ֮׺ݣǸʲôڣҪߣˡ
ӱ콨߰ͷΪǮԵĺһЩһļҲһǰĵģŭƾ콨£·ֻҪԼҶදһ£һӾҪ
콨˿ĭ˵׶ݣû¹˭ȴһճëͷСס
²òͷ콨̷óϷԴүʱڣʾԼǸ˼ֻ˼ҼҪԼҲļ
˭ҪҪ˵콨ƾԼȥһǲŵģʮУˣһʶһ
һɻ˳콨ȴ鲻ڵ˵ûС
ء
콨Ҫ޹ˣȵ콨ˣһʳӣΪʲô¶򾮲ġ
˦ӣ׼¾ѶˣôǮ
Ȼһɵϵı鿴һۿһ¾ȥˣ˵ǾʵһǳӣԲϥԲԲģΪ˷ֹ;ڵʯͷھΧһȦ
һҲǴȣҲǲǮֻǾ˼б£˼ȥ£óвĿŵƫʵá
ھߣųӻǣһһڳȥΪ˸ɻƵľ·ϣϵļչ¶ţ̫ˣһ㵥һóԵİɡ
ţһǮ׼ȥһЩгʲô˺ܶ࣬Ĺгʮӵ·̣һž͵ˡ
Ͻ廨⣬ϵûʲô廨ȴȫƾϵʱҪ£ɱһͷĸٶҰֻҪһ룬ʣµĶ
һϧĸʮҪƱ⣬ײƤͷ⣬ҲǼõģΪһĺˬһβ͡
ȥ·ϣһ˵OO@@ģһһŮϤˡһҡͷСﵽҰԧ죬֮ǰܹҲ֪СϱһСֹء
ҡҡͷг׼뿪гʵֻţСĺܣ˿ûз˲˵Ůе˵ţôǮĶԭѣǻԸ
˵е㻳ˣôôණȥǾе㲻ͣȥҲˡ
˭ǺƵġ
õģ磬ǵôһ£ҵĿͻҪء
һҲ˭ˣ÷ڸп÷ˣԭΪԼûϵˣܵǰQˡ
һг뿪Ƿϻ¶ģȫȥͺֹ
콨ˣԽദԽã˲СȫԼöһЩҪ۲һʱ򽻵ְԱż²˾ǵҵˣʷĶ࣬Ҫµҵı׼ǲǮάŶܸʱҴ򹤾ˣĲǣĶԼġ
һҲֻǺǺǵЦ˵ʲôأֻ˵Щ˲廧Ŀˡ
£һϳӣĳ壬СҰԧ죬һؼȥˡ
С콨Ϳ÷콨òײźͿ֪˵ϻʱͿ֪˵һЩȤ֪ҪǮʱҲûʹӦ˵ġȻ֪ܺͿһȼ磬֮ϲˡ
¶콨еŮ˵˻Ǯ˵ľԽԽ콨ʮ㡣
콨Ӧ˿֪һµֳŲߣ͵гһ
æ˼Сܵ·ϲ鿴ߴȥȴֻһгӰ
˾ŵĻ÷侪ţȫгҲûοǸߵģµ콨˲ǿһɣ֪ˣ᲻᲻˰֪ģҺͿһ¶Ƚϸӣܻ˼Ǻңҡ
˵ʵڿһĵϿһԱֵˣҪͱˡ콨ôΪ֪ĻŨŨıظ֤ģҵ⣬ôֲ

һû콨⣬ֻǺڣΪʲôҪ̨⣬ˣΪʲô˶ˣʲôˣǲǮںñ콨Ϊϰء
һͰ̾ģ鲻ãҲóԵķȥѳ̽һ
ӿƺһЩˣüëţüĶһ;ţһĵӡ
ӸɴǣӾ˭ˣĵĳȥߵӣ㶼öȥ֪϶ǳˡ
һƵסǶԵģԺ󶼲콨װ˺òãѶԼȥ
һ͵͵ģŵ䣬ӾԼĶס뿴ĵӣѹһ㣬üͷչü֣һֻδ޵ĹϵԺڳ￴أġ
һգͷϣͷϺõĶһָиĺãСʱϼĲ˿ģıڼϡ
˵á
֣һӳ嵭˿һ飬˲٣ԼԭվԼء̧ͷȥӣӵҲԼϡ˵һһЦü䣬̫˵޲ýӵͷڻһ
һ㲻СɣҾҪԼ׬Ǯ׬Ҷƾ£ƾʲôıƣߡ
ֽӴûмһ֮ˣ˵Ľĺߣӱǻ﷢̵βǿɰˣȻǿһ˵ʲôӦġ
һѾһԼˬķɿİȫ꣬Ǯ֣һ뻹Ҫ콨˳ӡ
гӸɴ಻װˣ콨үү̣ûҵڶ˿ԴӵĻֻܽЩⱾһ£ֺݺݵ׬һʡ
һ﷢˺ݣ˵鲻̫һʮ壬Ҳûʲô˵ģ콨µµ콨


 59 

, Ҫ, Ҫȥ, һϿͻѾ˺üҪ, ֽһ˵һ⣬Ҫһ£ԼʱѾˣһųӺһ̨µȥ
Ӵг˲ðǻˣгûаǻʡ
δһȥǺƽ¶һ˵һ, ˾ͳˣٵ˳˶֪Ҫˡ
ҵϿͻԺʱ, Ͽͻó, ԭǶе, ŹǶ, Ͽͻȴһ㲻ڣһлҪ˵ӡ
ͻڰٻ¥ģ͸ƽһ, һ˭Ĺ̨ˣȥĵʣ̫̫ҪСŮ׼ױ, һļϣ̫̫˺öĿͻһҲˡ
һóʮѼ̫̫˼ҰôæҪ㶫˼˼
̫̫е˼գһ⣬ʲôëеʱ̴ģ˼ҵʱҲУŮҪ飬ҪĻǲСһ˵ġ˭֪ŮͻȻԣǵ˵򵽸˵˵õֲҪˡ
̫̫ſһֹ֣죬Ҳ˼ڡ
һȻˣһܺõˣԵãΪ룬ǺܺáҲ²Ϊʲô϶ɶʣ̫̫öԲסɴһ̣ʲôֱ˵ôãЩҶأһʲô˵ģ
˾ȥ¡
Ȼˣ˿һͷ̫̫лֱ˵ˣǶԲס㣬һˣŮ˵ˣǮңǰҪȥ˵ʲôڱĸˣŪⲻˡ
̳𣬾ûȰסŮò˼˿ûжԿһԹ 
ʵһ·һ⻹ģǴĸĸʧȥģİ˵ϲ˻
һ§ס̵ļĵİο㣬ңҵûб˵ıˣҲûа취˻Ҳǲ⡣
һΣ˼ǰһˣҶ֪ô˵
ԼԼëʲô뵽ˣҪЩģҪԹŸˡһ飬ϣֵཻټϻܸЩŰСǰ¶һһģʶˡ
ǰһˣҸҪˣ·ءˣ̣˵ĻҿҵǲһĵʲôǮ
̴ӦˣԷһ˵£뿪̼
ҵСӶȥһСֽܽ˴ʱģʲô¶
һһҾͳȵ뿪̼ӣ˵ǶԵģ³콨ôҲûбͻȻôࡣǿ÷ģ콨ûȻͼȥ
ȻһֱûӻشԼһΪΪԼں˵Ťͷȥȴֳü˼ʲôͷֿǣһһ΢Ц
üĿ䣬ͦѴӰҲ˧һʱԼ뷨Ӹû֤ôȷǿ÷ɵģҪ
˵ǿɵҵ֤ݣץס÷ͼ֤ݣȻ˳ǡ
һͷóԼ֪һһʮĽؼҵ·ϣ콨Ϳ÷˵Ļ¶˵˳Լûз֣ڵڳǰ࣬ʲô޹˼ɵı¶Ϊ֪ӻеһС
˷ôһͰ¶ŵһȥˡ
̳ȻҪ飬ǿ϶Ҫúõ׼ƿ챻֣ë豭Ͱľ͵Ҫأһ·Ӵģֹ·ϻһ㲹ء
һӣٿ̳ĿǣбҪøһ·ˡ
ȥɽװٸһ˫ƤЬ˵žװ̨ߡ
Ǹ·ģø˷Ǯ
һô˷ǮأԺдʱҸ·ֻܴܵȥ˵ġȻͰư͵ȥˡ
·ʱ򣬳ӻһֱĵĸƵģÿһпŮˣϲ·
һһɫɽװ۾ڳϱȻȻûȻô·Ǻܻῴءһ۾ͿӦǺʵġ
ۻԱ·ʱۻԱ۳죬𣬱𰡡
һӶͳʮŴŽᣬܲ𣿱һ¹ʸ߰ɣɡ
Nɪķ·𷹵԰͵Ĺ˿ͣۻԱùǺ
ֻϰȻʣüҲǳʣڹ̨¼䶼ûУһ·ȻҪ䳤½ĳȣ˿ԸģС˿ɲУʡӷڳӵϣҲȳá
ѵãһһۻԱģʵʺϣǮ׼򣬳ǮһǮװԼĶ
³û˵ˣɿһǮ·õݵһһ͵ıÿۣͬɫߣû©ģʰ׼ˡ
̨ϵǸ㣬ǳĲʲڳӺͿһûԶʱõͬ˵еľǸģڶǰƨҷһ
һֱˣ̬ȣһҪڹ˿ͷϵķԱ̳գǻ˭գŹӪ̵꣬н¢ϵĵλˣܻû֪ء
ͻȻ§סļòưģ漴֣ô˵֪Ҳˡ
һͷСһƽϣԺ̳ķ룬ķԱûNɪȥ
ȥŮװģŮװĳ¿ʽ࣬һÿܳ·أһԼϴģ̨ϵ·ʱ֡ѣ˳ȥ꣬һƥ䲼һƥ黨ƽƣҺɫС¡䲼ӣҺɫֻһ¡
죬Լ·ʮ࣬ϲƱһôࡣĿ̨ͦ࣬ȴûмòˣҪôǻͻͻģҪôũ峣еϲһϡ
ӲߣָŹ̨ߴǽ׵һƥ÷ԱۻԱǳְλˣһָֻţۻԱ㵱Զ㣬һתͷȴһӢĺ죬ĿۻԱʱʧߵģǸ˾򣬲߰û˵
תͷϹ̨ĸ˵ȷǴϺʱ˵ĿʽȷչģսĻջһСʱѾˡڴ죬ȷء
һһ˿ĵطƲ죬ʲôȷͲǻһ죡ʮǶⲼƳޱȣҴ޲˿񴩹ˣͻȻðһģǻʸ꣬ȵ󣬴һǻ֣ᷢǵ޲ã
ȻҶ֪߸ߵķڹ̨ϵģջûþͱĶһõĲ˰ɡΧڹ̨ϵ򲼵ģ̾׷´νʲôʱ
ӽСĵĻȥĸۻԱ˵㣬´νʱ鷳ˡ
ӱŲϣһק˳ȥʲôѽֲһ͸˵ǵȷһ촩ֲ͸Ҳɫÿûʲôŵ㡣
ɫÿУ㡣ֿԿһ˵ⲼϲãʮֵĲΪȻΪһǲһǮԲ˵ǲϲõġ
һ°ͣǣҴƤǻ˵·Ҳǳĵġ
Ƥˮ۾ģﻹеƤɫẠ̊́ĺɫ·ˣȴ֬ɫˡ
ʹģ֣һС°ͣȻһָۣһ룬Բ۾ŵʱ򣬳ЦĿģ˵߰ɣҸ÷·ȥ
·̳ӻأһ°͵УڳӺ棬·÷ڵȥһãܳƿ֮⣬ڲϷҲϰ˵ķɿ죬һΪ
ЩȻװװװžͳˡţһСڼУôѵҪǱһᣬǡԹԣֻҪûе˳֣֮ǣɳƣֺ飬ߵòСƪΪǵģеĵĻţԼɡ
ͷײÿһ˵л񣬳ͣˣһ̽ͷһ̣ѡ
ĵģ㲻˼רܳһˣŮҪ۵


 60 

ڿһ, ̵, ҿ÷ͼ֤, һ鲻Ըģа, ̣㿴Ǹ˲׼ȥ÷أҪȻؼңǴ͹ȥ
뿪һקڳϣų÷ߡ
˵ܲץ÷ͼ֤ݰ, ҵһһôҵˣһǳ룬ѵҪǲֵۣǮ³, ǿɲǿһķ
ͣһ, ü˼, ֱ˵, ͼĲޡ
гͣˣһҲûע⵽һķ, һײ˳ӵĺ󱳣ײһʹֱʹ, ᶼˡ
ӽŵĲУæгãſһӣжͷһ࣬һߵĵʣûѪɣԲסҲͣģ´ǰͷ
һҲΰԼ̫ӴֲڵָĦĶͷͱӣо࣬Ҫϵİǿһȵԭ
·ءô˿ء
һĶͷܶСһһҵᡣгյָĵĦָ·𻹴ϸĴС
һ࣬ߡ
һᣬקסӵ½ǡ˾͸Сˣһǰһ״Ůϼ
Ӳŵĺôܿľɫˣͷ۴αȣֵģõľɹ̫һͷϵĲñ
԰磬ŵľձƵĲñոѵɫϵСȹܴŶ
һ·ϿһⲻװѾ˺ܶ˵עˡ
·˾ȵ۹⣬һ޶ãҪǾúÿֻҪԼúÿУǾòÿǵ⡣
ȻһǿҵĿ޷ӣֱĸо˲ͱ׽ˣһĿ׷ѰͬʱҲתͷǸȥ
һþöûгֹˣǵǰһǰչǿҲվ﷼Ŀǡ
һüͷһչǿȻһİ˵˭ΪʲôҪҵӡ
һȤתͷһʧȥ˼ƽȤˣȵչǿָĸˡ
ĲмŤͷԼһ˼ڳӵһ˼ˣӿԶȻ˴Ķ˱ˣȻ֮·ʲôεмӿ򴽣˼ȷչǿˣڳׯСӣѾĴ˵չǿվ·һһ㡣
̻ǣǿ߰ɡ
ӵгõǰƶг֮չǿŻȻعһ㣬ŲŽŲţͻȻ֮תͷʣ ҿλŮͬ־죬ǲ
ڳ˳˿һ׷ģΨпһתͷ ǵȻʶ
һû˵꣬ϷʵĿ﷼Ϊһ仰ʧɫϱԼǰ߸һʤ̬սƷչǿ΢Цʱ򣬿϶û뵽ɡ
ⲻ֪ߵҲĵء
һ˵ չǿǿһǽԺȥϸɻˣҸҲ֪Ϊʲô֡ϧ㲻ϵģһߵλƬأ϶Ҳ˰ɣ
֮˹յشǳĬģֳĬУչǿͻȻpЦһƶ˵ ⲻܣˣϴξ˵ǰ򣬹ֲÿô ءϴξ͸͹ˣ϶һᡣʱͶԲϣϹ֮ǰѾׯˡ
չǿ˵꣬һͲͷĴ ˵ˣչǿ.㰮ϲϡҪˣʲôҲûϵˣҪģͻ裬ô󣬲˼ҵţյġ
һ˵꣬Ҳÿ˵ķӦֱųӵ½ˡ
νһϲҳõСΪһﻹǸչǿ˭֪һ˵ôɴֱ࣬ӱҪ飬һչǿ޵ӡ
﷼Ͳһˣ˶Ĵ۲ԼİһһٶĵĳԼǰָ˼䣬뵽Щ֯Ļѻʱָôͣ
أҲʼԼˣһ˸ԼԼһˣܲţǱ˶ô˵˳ɻɲţʼɵ˴
ǵ﷼˫۾ĵĿԼʱɻı飬ο﷼϶Щ˸ˣҲŲأǳҲõˣߣǻؼȥҲõˡ
﷼ֹӣһԷԺ¶̫ѿҲ޴ӿڡ
һص̵СӣѾڵˣ̴ȥһӣһŵԺӴ򿪺󣬿һͼ̵Ů
ŮƽƽӵϾҲӣһʱˣڿһ·ɨһȻĿͶעڳӵϡ
һվǰŲÿǹߵһתͷ
ǹС࣬Ҳڣóͥ޶롣˵һ̫ˣ˼ʮǮʮǮһһµˡ
һЦŲ˵ôº͵һˣȥҪȥ̳̳ˡ
ӰԱߵϰŪϵأ̨ѽѽĳ
һڣۣʱֱ۾
ǹвʣһģһģһǼھӣģʮǮ˵˸ء
Ӵʱ˵ˣ˵Ĳޣһǳҵ֣ͳһ۸˵Ļûۺġھ˵ˣܱܲޡ
˸߸ߴģɾ˧Լ೤ÿأ˺Լ˵С̾˷ˣΪһ˵䣬̽Ӳ磺ô֪˼ı˻ǹˣһľǱ˻Ϊάޣ˵ǹءʲô𣿡
һһŶԼôûпô࣬漴ӣô˵
˵ô֪һǱˣһģһأ˵ƾ㲻ŵĻ˱˻ھ˵ԼҵˣȻȥޣû˸ޡ
ǹ죬ˡ
һˣΪ˷ֹŮеһӿóһʼǱ˺һҳøֱˢˢˢдһű޿ֹ꣬ݸͰͰͲͣĹף»֣Ǳ޿֮ڣʲôʱˣǶޣ˻շѣĶշѣʯͷңˮãһ£ǲỵġ
ǹ˵òҪõ
ȵҼһ»ɵӻʱ򣬻أʮĴڡ
һ˱ھһԵġǹ˵


 61 

һ, һ, ҪĻ, ڸףץס÷ͼ֤
һܺ˵, ˵аʱˣһһϵ·ӻ㣡С￴˺ü·ˣ֮˽֮·ϱߴٻ̵ģ򲻵÷촩, ÷Ҳһԭ
Ȼǹ˵ĲУ̻˵Сϲ磬˼Ҵĺÿ·, Լ
, һͳӻص, 콨ߡ
ϴߵʱ, ֱ׳콨һǿһʱ
һ, æϺȵˮʣ˵ĺȣ콨һ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ, Ҳһſڵ˺þã˵㲻ڼҡ
һһӣжгϵĻȥһĶͿɶھӰëҪ˱·ϴ¸࣬ļ۽ëļӣס
콨һۣԼ˵ûŪãæأû鰡
ҵȻûУûԹ⻹ûܣ˼ҽҲû¶˵ǽ˾Ͳ׬ǮˣԺޣ󣡳ɵ콨ˮ٣һСˮȻֻʣ˰뱭
һû뵽һﻹûн飬ҪԼ˵ýģǸϱ¼ӵ콨ѵ콨Լ˰ɡ
콨֪һ˵ȥҳ˵ԹԵʰŶ˵ĶѣɿһԱŽЪš
콨ɸֵ˵Ӱ˻Ҫ˼ڸɴϣֻҪǮ˵ϻ£ҶҪ˼ˣ㵽ʲôʱҰ
һôô찡ˣ㿪ˣ
콨һͦأĶԼĿ죬ǿ֪Ŀ죬һɵӣ˵ֻĶ࣬Ķֲࣿһˡ
һЦζ۾ע콨ı飬ǰԼõļǮģ˵پǶ٣һǮû١㲻Ϊ˶ǮǮͼ˰ɣ
ܣ콨˵ʮƶȻԼȴûֳôƶҿ϶˳ǿ϶ǰնõļǮģǿ֪࡭ͻȻЩȷˡ
һı飬ȷһ£콨֪÷顣
аɣؼҵŰɣܿģȳˣԸ͹ȥвУ
콨ˣҲڽĶֺãڿһǰһ鲼װãſڴ
ǳûлؼңȻӻлҪ˵
һ
վֲ˵Ҫʲôأ
չǿ飬չǿţǺʵ飬Ҳ֪һ̬ȣȷһжȷļңҲ˱أլԺأ
ڿһᶨԺء
ҿһ飬˵ǰиظģ鶼ǵˣһˣԼӶǵá
һ˫֣˫ֺǰʾͣ£˵һԼŲÿԼظæŵͷ˸Сͷֱӱ˸С㡣֪˵ʲô㿴ʱ䣬ǶѾˣչǿϻָ䣬۱ôϡʵԼΧ˴ȻСʣһܴʲôû϶Ƕڵ¡ҶڵҲͦģĺ
һЦ൱⡣Ȼֿһó֤һ˵ģĻڱûʲô˵ǶԼΪԼĶľò˼Ŷˡ
һ~С
û죬ڳھִ֮£׳ˮö˶ʣҶֳɵľûڵء
ڳˮ֮󣬾ҪˮȻѳͷһˮٽʯͷסʡ
һ۾СĶ棬Ժ԰ǰȵˮɾˡھӶ˵ˮúܡҲ֪ôġ
⾮ˮѾˣǻһ򣬵ȴҶԹˮ֮󣬳ӽˮɣȻˮ۶ס
ɣʱ콨ˣ綼Ķӣ˾۵ô࣬תſһطˮĿն߿һȥһˣȥëˣ˼ȥء
һͳӵڶľͻϣһĺϣ§סӵŵķɿ죬ȵû˵Ĵ·ϣȻϲԼ׽ôڿţϾûн飬Ůӵܲá
˵ط̫ͦȵһ죬۵ͳ־һҪôȣ˲𣿡
һҲ˲˻ϵֽҲңǻҪȥѹͷء
ӵͷվ˿һǰ棬ٽһ⣬˵˾䣺ש
콨˵ȴ˵õĵط˽СʱŹӾԶԶĴк߽ˣڳĿһɫ̱ˡ
һôӭҰ

콨ﴩ󣬺ܿϤĵطŮСڵӡ콨һͨȱȷļҡ
һʣǲûǲ⻧˼ôһʶ·
콨ͷֱߣ϶˴ŵĺ飬˵ɱ˵ˣûһҰġ
˵طһȴȥСѾʼֵˣĺӣŵӵ̣һ˵¶콨æ֣Ͻߡ
һҵСҵǰš
СڼңһϲĽгѽأҸھӼһԣ˼Ľء
һֽݸС𣬡ţȹʽõڵĲ׹кáҽһ֤һ£ɡ
һ͵˳ӽȥһңȥʱ򣬳ӻûпʼأëʲôʱʼëģʲôʱģ˭ġ
һ⣬ָ콨۸Ҳû˵ˣСĸ߼ۡ
콨ɫȻĵͷ·û˵ѡ
СһͷĴھӣʱ㲻Ǵţ˵ʮǮôָļǮһˣ
һ˵˵ģǿɲȥİɣɲǹܣǵļǮͳһģ˵ǰɡ콨
ھҲŭأ̰ʮǮСˣŮ˵˼Ҽ۸ʲôһ׬ǮˣѣԺ˭ģҪܸھӽܸˣò
Ͷˣ޸ôһС𻹾Ա߳ţඪš
ھӸɴƹˤǱʮǮ㣬ǸŮģô˵ţ˼Ĺһģ˼ҸеǶУ޸ĥĥģҳѣ˭ʮǮƵģ˵˵ĲޣҸͲǸŮҳҪ


 62 

˵۾콨, ô׳һ, Ȼȵ޴, һ콨, ʱֻгܾ
ֵܣֻҪһ仰ԺΪ߲嵶ǣȰæ˰ɡ
СھӱŸ첲ɶȰæˣҪԺ󶼸ޣ
ӿһֿ콨һ̯֣ʾΪ֣, Ϊɶ콨ؾԼվδߣȥأԼδޣû
֪Ϊʲô, Ȼóӿ϶Ӧ, ǿȷľܾ֮, һ, еҡʱһ˫ůĴסģǳӣתͷȻһЦ
콨ھӻһոµ, ¶
߳ǸھӼңСһһĻ콨۾, 뵽ոգǿһŰ˴̼ûӣֱҪ˻콨ʱð
ȵ˶߹ˣ콨ѹʣǵʲô˼
ʲô˼õʣһǵô˵ģǲͳһۣ˽Եͼȥô£Ҹҵô˵
콨пԣԼͼģǿ÷ʱԿ÷Թǻ׿ʿ÷ôҲţܸɵĿ֪顣
ǰһ⻹ûлش𣬿һһαʣ˵һŮģŮţһ˵Ļһˣ뼷ඣ
콨ʱ˸ղŻڵҪʣô˵¶Ҫȥʿ֪࣬ΪʲôҪôԼתˣȼȥǼҸ˵һһ
һҪǲ˵ҼҵĶɾ͵Сһˣ

콨üëѹĵ͵͵ģԵúףŻתͷڵľ͵֪㣬һ֪࣬˼Һ֪
÷ʱ򣬼ľʮ㣬˿ûй콨ˡ
콨һ壬Ϊһϲ㻹ʿһҪø÷СĿɫΪΪˣɫųġ
콨ôõŮӣȻװ޹ӣǰϷǹӷŭԽԽأһͳǯҲˣõĿ֪Ҳƭһ۾ͿϵŮ˰ҪˣĻ׼Ǯȥ
÷Ȼһʱ콨ĺ壬ʱ˵ʵȻ⵽һ£ſǻ˵130ҵһȥʲôһֱּۻۣȱǮ֪ģˡǲǲаʲô𣿡
ſ֪¶֪ô˵ӣ콨סͷһô죬÷ҲǹⰡ
÷콨ŵæźۼһֲ˲ء˿˸ߴ󣬷йŭʱô£̫ˣ콨׬Ǯ·Ų˴򽻵
콨Կ÷ȫȻ֪ƽ󣬰֪ࣺҲͱ˴¨ӣҼǵýҪǸ۸񰡣ıˣ˾;ǵ⣬ǵͷɲð졣ſ÷ҧŴģ˵ɷѾȫȻǣ̨ǰ˶˵ļǮǶ٣130򵽵֣Ϊȥʱ򣬸140򵽵ġ
Ե©콨ȻѡԵǣ˵ɫǻˡ
÷ľã¶Ѿȥ콨һѾȥ콨ٹҺˣһٶ˥ʣ϶Ҳ˼ˡ
Ƕ130ͺˣ۸Ѿ׬Ǯѽ׬ٶģα׬ôء
콨Ƶκľˣߵ·ﻹһ̨תͷȥ˿һ
һʱҲѾؼˣڽתȦûҵѹͷҲûҵԼˮܽˮӣֻ޹콨һûиɫ
ôˣǵͼȥô£
콨ת𲻺ýͣ˵˵Ҳеϵء˵֪ͿһǱĽãɲеϵô
һ̸ˣɱʲôʺӶͷϿۣʲôϵ˵õļ۸ΪʲôҪ˲¶
콨Ŀ⿴ԺӽԿǾĳӣֻҲ׺ݵĿȻܰ˵ˡ
һҲͿ˵·˳ǣ˵˽Ҽ￪ᣬǵҲߵ࣬պڵʱ򡣡
𣬾£Ժ˵Ҫͼˣ
һһЦǣ˲õ飬˼Ҹ˵ôһ񶼴⣬ûһһоĲٺ˺ȥˡ
ڲڣҲ˵㣬Ҳ˵㡣ǿ˵
콨һ˿һеδ֮⣬ԹһŮΪʲôôǿٿһȫɿһӣҡͷ̾ˡ
ϣȫ룬ͷƵĵƹţó棬ԽԽǵѾɶ˻һײݡ
콨Ա˳ӣ϶ǲͷԽǵֲһЩ
һƬĬУһڣ㲻׼˵˵𣿡
콨ѿյʱ򣬿һͻȻôԼˣû콨ʶ˿һķ֮⡣ʱ˿̣֪ġġ
˵ɡ
£˵˵һ˳ǵĲͷвŲæ˵֮ǰ˵õİͬļ۸ȥһ̨׬һ̨Ǯƾ£԰ɣмõͼ۴Ǿú𣿡
⻰Ȼɿһ˵ڣȻǿһ¶ˣ˳ӲŵĿϴСʣϴ¶ɵ𣿡
˵Ҳ֪˭ȵԼѾصƻ˵棬ȥͻȻ˺ܶࡣϣ콨ܸһЩ
һϴЦ⣬˵ޱģֻһ䣬ıԵûôĿ¡
˳ӶԿһǲʱ뵽ֻûôеûأҲн죬ȥ٣׬˶١ܸʲô
񾭲һǲͷͿ˵ģ˳ӣûʲôϵʱ򻹺úõģһв湦򶼲ˣֱӱϣ·ûпҰˡ
ȭ֧ϣ˱ͦ˭Ĵڣʱӻ˵ô˵һ̨׬ǧ飬֮ǰһ׬һǧ飬ÿ׬١ڶһ˼룬ҽʮԪǿһ󲿷֣С֣һǸ˰ɣ
⻰˳ӵʹͷһ˼һЦĵĸĴָ
ӻ΢ЦȻ˵ͼ۵ǿľ˳ɰɣ˰ٿ顣ʣµֻ׬İ٣ĸ˷֣һ׬һ١
һʱ֣ͬǸ߼ۣǼҲûȥĶ࣬п϶ûöࡣ
콨ĵͷ˳ҲֻˣһҲ˼״
˳Ӽˣ콨˵˭ôôȱ£ʲô
ѣ콨Ҳ̬һԼԺͼˡ
һ֮ǰûǵԼ𣿡
ֻͳһأȻҶۣôǮһ˴ή۸Ǯ
ô죿ˣһҲ֪࣬Ҳܹ֪Ŀ࣬㲻ΪҪѱ˵ϣ𰡡콨ˡ


 63 

һĵԲ۾, ˭˭ϣôͰʺӿԼͷ
˳Ӳ³˭, δɩӰ֪࣡ͦϲ
̸, ǲҪӸ˸飬û˼۸ǽۻǲ, Լ˵ҵҪֻһԽۣҲͼ۸ۣԼһ˵
ۣܽǾͰѿ֪Ҳ˵˵Լ¶ΪʲôҪۡ
һһһ۵̬콨侲˲, ʹˣһƤ, ˼ҽ۽̫, Ҳֻܽ, ֮˼ٽܸ, Ҳ˼۲ǡ
˳Ҳŵͷ·ͬһ
һ̾, ղųӾҵҵĸ׹ϵʧ˶Ǯվûһġ
´, һǺˣһﰵ뵽ȥӣɣҲֵǣһȻϿͬ뷨һЦ
콨Ըµȥҿ÷
֪ҿ÷ϰ˵ģ֪ҲϤĴڣֻǿ÷һ㲻ˣôʱᡣ
콨˵ԭίҪȥҿһ
÷ʱȴˣҲ˵ҸһĹϵɣ᲻ΪҰ
콨죬һͳƺ׶ȥ飬ۣǶԿһԿ֪¶Īľ;òᡪղſһ˵¶ҲֻǾ£û˵÷ô
˿һȻˣһûжԿ÷¶һ۷磬͵һƽˣֿرעܡ
÷ſһ߷ﻹשذ壬еļҾһ٣ΣҵķȻš
ȵڽĿ⿴ĵʱʵҲǳϬ
֪࣬ǻͳһ۸ƾºãԼôô
÷ҧ´Ҿã۸棬ԼȽϺðɣϾȥʱе˳£еͷ۸񲻶ôҲðһЩ
˳˵аɣҿҲ˶ǮǴϱһǮٺ٣ôȥˡ
˵⻰һһˣǮȻûʲôӰ죬ӰȴԼĿڱһ˶ٶմ״ʵģ˺Ǹ˾һģ˵ŮǸ˵Сöðһ140һһһﲻӦĻţ
ҪԼͬ·Ǯ϶ͻò
ļͻȻ⼸˵ԣҲ׬ֹѣ׬Ǯһ٣ȥĶ࣬һ׬Ķ࣬ȥ㰲ðá
˵Ŀһ
˳ֿ˻ȥӲ׬ǮĴͷӣԺ׬ǮһˣȥԽ࣬һ׬Ķࡣ
һЦЦһ̯֣УҲûʲôԼɡ
һοûаտһԤеķչһԼŶûоԵĻȨǲܰԼġҲûʲôԼ
콨ʱʣǵͼȥҪǳʲôˣֵҲܸްɣ
Цļ򣬡˵ʲôԺ˶Ǯģʵ˵ޡ
÷һɫΣһǹȥˡ
˳뿪콨Ϳ÷֪㣬Ѿȫˣһ콨ڵӣҡͷΪʲôûʲôرô
÷Ů֮һׯһӵģһ̫ǵδϹʲôˣϾѾ仯ĵز÷ڳĹΪûиǮ߹ϵѾûˡδôȫ֪ء
Īã÷϶콨ͬ־ΪʲôأΪϱӿ÷޵ľһӪĹ㣬ҵĸɷº׬˲Сһʡ˵÷۹Ǽߵģ콨еСǮʼӰ
أҪҵĳӻؼңһض̶̵·ͳһ·ȻĿؼң˷ʱģ֪Ͳˣҹ֮ɢ˷һʱ䣬Ҳġ
ԺϻƵĵȻţֵͲûˣرֵͲƹǰ¹ǰ·Ťͷ󿴣һӰŵȴ߽ԺӣŻŤͷ뿪˰˰֡
ߴߴ˵
㲻ң֪˿˲ãֵͲûµġǿ÷
콨ĵ˿ôãǾҶ𣿡
δŮδ޵ģȥʲôӣñ˵ҵлñôңô˵Ұ÷Ļ콨ʧ䣬ͷʹȥ˲١
÷תͣ˵¶лл㰡һֱǺѲҲñᣬ˵ĵҺܡ
һһ䣬ҲҲǣſڲԶĵط˭뵽˳˻һֱߣһֱ˵
뵽Լļңʹ󷽷߹ȥԺŵʱ˲ŷ
÷һϲһһһ֪ɣŮӣͻȥҲ㡣
һľָԼԴʺš

˭Ůôģȥˣ˭һ˵ˣһ¹ţ˹Ժ⡣
÷ʲôӦǾͺԼ޹ˡ
һͿʼȥһ̨ףѵǺϿͻͳһʣµһװʮ̨ɴЩϿͻ˵ʣ¶ʮ̨ʮǮȥϣǰæҵ˿ͣһ۴ˡ
û뵽ǰر飬βҲûϵ̾Ҫ
ʣһҲްɣ
ȻһͷȷϣɸѧװҲһƤëûʲôġ
ԤĶʮ̨ܿһգһӿͳװϣЩȥ
Ҳ콨ٺˣûãԼɰɡһæµĳ˵
Ҳ룬ʹӦˣУġ
ٴȥѹͷûҵȴſһȥȥ
һĺѣʲôѽȥĲ÷̰ɣ·ӦѾˡ
·ѾˣϴأӴոµ·ˡյͽн㣬һĿɿڴĿһĻСЦĹġ
ȻۻԱӹ̨óһʺĲϲ죡һ󣬿Ƕ档
һƬҲֲˡ
ʣʲôǵȷϳĶӣΪȷҪ˲ӣǲģҪٱ쵼
ӽǮƱȥȻ󽫲Ͻһ˿һһŸоⲼϵĹ⻬ǴģϻİƣӦǷ֮֯¾еİƣϲĴ죬Ȼһÿ
ۻԱڹ̨ʮֽɲǵȷҰʡģӵģ
ʿһ׼õİɣ
һˣ첼ãŽȷǽõġȻɫƽʱҲ
֪ʲôʱ˼ҰˣһϳӵģȴֻӵɵЦ˵ʲôȴ˵ҲֻЦ
ò÷·
÷·ܺ⣬ɵϱȻһ£˵ͦõģɡ
÷쿴ԼƷҲܵ⣬⻹ɣ·޲һļܴģѾǽˡͦĵģƽʱЩһͳʾļֻ֮ЩǣŻһҪ
һͳǿ첼鷳һɫСӣá
ţЦɵˣôſһ
һƳһۣ첼Ϊ˽Լû˵ô·Ҳͽʱһء
һֺͲ÷ö˺ɫ·ʲôӣʲôϡ÷ȻѼޣ֮ϲ
÷ǼģëѼëëС
˭ԼԼѼܳԳһ·һҲ𴩡
뿪÷꣬Ǽѹ
ϧǣһ飬Ҳûҵ
ǰиеϧǰҶæűģǸѾգʲôˮͷˡ


 64 

ЩϢǿһóĿͷó, ﷭һѹͷ, ӿ֮, ֻҡҡͷŰ, 룬ãʤûУշļ۸Ӧ򵽡
ǻǮһʮصķȥ
ھҾۻˣұһСɽϣ, ԽԽ䣬ҵĴԺӾͳȺ˵ɹ̫ྵʥءټһֱҵľ
˻ؼһص, Χ
һ, ѹͷˣ, ǲǾܲĳˮ
ֻľͷ, 󲿷˻һӣûгׯ
ǣǴó, ʴˣá
ð, Ҫ˵ѹһֱãǱ˼һżأҶ뿴
˵ⶫǺõģҲã⾮ﻹҪשһȦϵ£̶ܵҪˮࡣ
ô鷳أһͳӻɸҴ޾ϡ档
ҽζھãһ㾮Ҳˮ㣬ԼҴˮ㣬ܻݼ
ǿɲУԺôоС˿ɲġ˵
˵߶е˿һϣһֻоĪӦһӣӦ֮󣺡
˼һ˼ûУ
ǴҺͦϲСϱߵľ飬ִ˲ƣҲֻװɬ㵽ȥ
һһ˵ء
ʱ򣬳ˣԹũҹûʲô֣ŴͷѸ㲥ȥˡһʰŴӷƷվ飬ʱ߿ûлָ䱦ĸߵѧһöͷһ۽ˡ
洫һһֹɣһǳӵġ
ʱʲôѾȫ㶨ˣӦûʲô˰ɣ
ȻжǸʲôˡ
Լᣡ
Ŀƣ·û㴩뿴㴩ԡ
ðɣ⵹Ǹ飬ûиԼ
չǿڴӷѵӰʱ˺ˣ໥ʵĺøУû˾ͽ顣ũ̫ũĹҲûм˲֪ܻܲ࣬سǣΨһķʽҸ˼ˡ
һҸ˼ˡ
ڵİûں壬Ǹʮ˵ǳ
ڵѾ͵ȥһУʲôܳΪõֻӵж˸񣬽ʧȥһУȻӵһǿԼ
һҪǿȻųڴһЦҵŹϣš
ڣԴӣ޷һҪŵĴȣʮֵڴԼ·ӡ
ûдĴ¾ҲֻܿΨһܿ϶ǣ·ܺڵ·ȥҲôﶬ·һʱһʱȴʱ
ݣϷţ˶Ҫģ˿ȴû˼֮ǰѾԥ¿һԼˣ֮󣬿һ˾ȣûбı飬ŷġ
ֲϵȥ֮ϵϯհ顣ڵȵһţźӰ¶Ҳֻһ뷨һֵ̫ˡ
֋һ·ļõ壬ߺܺõ¶ǰתһȦת۾ˡ
ÿ𣿡
ÿܺÿ
·ÿҺÿ
ÿ

ȥݺСɢǣɽϻ΢档
˵ҪȥשǰһǷשǸҤѾ군ˣĸ꣬ȥүҤ˵ɾͲˡ
һ˵Ҫȥʡῴ⾮Ѿͷ˵ʲôҲܰ;ϡ
лҳ·ѾʶϷޣľɫʲôʵڿϧ΢΢ȥӨĲ͡
Ȼǣס˿һ֡

˵ɾ͸ɣ֮ǰһ˱棬ҪȥϷͷӳ̾ˣ˾ڴ﹤Ѿӵ˻ˣǻ˵Ҫ򵽣ԼҲҪء
Ҳȥשһ񣬵ǳӱʾҪԼա
˷ͷжһ·㹻Ǯ뿪ţȥϷ
ʱȣһʱҲֻж̶̵ʮѣ˹֮һֿ⣬ȻʼѰ̻һ񷿵ֿ⣬Ƕ̶̵ʮ죬Ӱ֮ĳ⣬˻Ƿǳġ
Ȼȥһ𳧣õҪѹһʮĴ͵˲ֿȻŽռ䡣ȻĿĲ񣬶һڵطǳεƷȷ
ԼеǮ˳ȥУԼĽȥжһǧǮ֮ȥү˵ȷĲ
ǧⰵչĹˮҲڲ֪İ˲ŴִڵؽεƷжߣȻӵϣϷ֮˳ĺзһ˻Լļң죬еүչЩЩƷͽ½εģǣֱƥ˽ֶνġ
ϺܶʼķʷġĵȷҲģɱϼҺϵĵȷ˺öŶ
лᣬǿ϶ҪȥǸпһġ
ˣƯƯģŨصױһ仨һֻªʮ죬Ȼ뿪
ֻƷͻȴ룬Сѽ֮ӻ֣˹ҵĻ𳵡ؼҲֻһƤ·һЩɺʡ
˺ܾõĻ֮ڵˣվΧûˣװѹͷֽ¨óصķڽ¡ʮĴһƾĸ첲ǲͻؼҵģ˼ɿݵĹӣŪʪƤӣ˼׵ĵϡͱȰɶ
磬վҵ·һҲûУǸ»𳵵֪ͨûУҪͨ˾ͺˣʡڵС𳵵ĽһЩ
֪͸÷ڿռ쵽ó˲ýôղżû
һŶϣʱһ簡ţ磬ţϡ
㱼䣬·гҡҡͷΪԼ̫ˣ˻þ˭֪ԶһС㣬һгĺһ۾Ϳǳӡ
˷ܵĻ֣ԽԽ
г͵ǰͣ£һ˵Ĳˣ֪ҽôһҲˡ
ȻӵһʵʵĻ
ðɣǼǣ֮һɾͣһſ֣ıҲ§ס
ⳡӵӡ
һ˵ȻؼҰɣ·ʲôӡ
Ȼ˲ŷ뿪ӵʱʲôû룬֮žó嶯ˣ˵Щ죬಻ҿԷ
ӽдеֽӷŵгšһİƤҲȥס죬ŵϿһļ׵ܣһ㲻ˣôĶͲҪܣӸţҹ㣬ҪûˣȰⶫڻվȥȥá
һ˵ûͬѽӵĻס죬˵ˡ
ǶʮӣȻӴ˵ñ˵ҲǺڳǰԼͻȻͱһС٣ѵǱ˳谮ĸо
ò˵ͦõġ
һͷָԱһͻȻгֽռˣԼĶ
Ӱöгǰһţ߰ɡ
߾ߣһгһȥһĻ𳵣ζ㲻ҪҰ
ӺЦгһţؼȥඡ
طϲ֮еĿһûпˣչǿ﷼ǵɿչǿںһһûеõӦֻ뿪Ӱ
չǿ﷼һӣôȣʡɡ
չǿһ˦ûи﷼ɫ﷼˦󣬴һȥķȥ


 65 

һƺڽ, ֲȷ, ڳӵĸ첲֮תͷ, Ȼͷϵ°ͺֹҪҶˤȥ
ð, һԹԵĲˣ岻ˣͿԶ
ؼҿؼҿְˢˢϴϴ~
·ϼ񵽹ҹɽ髣ҲҪ䣺ۣЦ~
˵ɽģǿһ˵, ġ
쵽ˣ·һƬյľ׵һƬ, һƬֲϢ֮, ڻصѾõļҡ
һȥһ˳, ܻ, ھȻҪ
ζϴ࣬ССľµֱƵ, ѩ࣬аװ׵ƿװģиۿװ, ŮǶһûô࣬˵С˼
һھ߿ӼשأһЩש飬ţӽȫжߵߣǴҼģǰԺڿţҰѵשˣ˵ԺһЩˡ
µשͷӣţٵȼҤ
һͷʵżûŪãˮҲһֱţǰڴͷˮĶࡣ
ӵЧʹ˾ϲģҤѾǺˣֻҪשС
ԺţͻȻԺ洫һȺĶһȺ
һֲĴ̵ֲﵱΧЧܿͳһ˶ߣïʢޱȣʲô
űƿһ˭û뵽ˣڴһǰչǿһǸڿѵǰ
Ǹ﷼Ȼҵլӣûˣŵ¼ң·ϣѾ˵ĹۿСＸе˶ˡ
չ˷ָܵܳչǿ˵裬㿴ܻˣ
ҳ۾˵
ǰһٺչͷ˵ˡ
չǿҲףͨһӹ£涼һ£һϥۡ
ĲТӻˣûڣ굽ôİ
չǿ˵ŵĴģТģ
ſĵͷָ˼䣬ָ֮һ֣ȾԼһơҪؼȥѾˣҹ·㣬ټһЩҪ﷼Ҳûлؼҡ
ȴܿ˶ӵĹ˫ִһĿޱȣ˿ȥĶӹϲá
Ҳ˲ԣӺò׻ˣûϲϲĲǣôһԵĳӣҲȻأôճŶչǿҲѶãҲ˸ˮĹ
̾ɣҹĺأ𺿵ĸɥƵģһûء
룬ɾͲˣôԼӣôô˵أѵӸŶϱĺãϡӻҪֹ˵ĻòĶӣôĲǡ
ȴ۸չǿǸ˵һǰܵǼȥ㣬죬ˣ˵Ҷӣ㲻ϣǲ㣿Ь׵̯ǰͷҲԱߡ
ĽĿע⵽չǿĹϣֻǹҲĹ£˵ҶԲǣʲôǵˣһǴ˾ȵڣͦʱ䣬ҼǴ˼ӣǹⲻǵģҡ
Ŷ~ôѪɱϷϳĻء
ʱĲᣬһɶǵˣһǴˣģ˭ܹ֣Լඣ뵽Ͱ͵ȥҶӣ˵иԼĶӣȥȴԼܵĲУΪԼһǡܵĲлؼü춼ûгԵ·ڵãƮƮһʧͰԼʹǹȥ·ԭȡƵġ
ʲô˲ŻﶼҪأڴĴ죬СʱĺӳͷˮĺӶ·ȢϱͲǡ⺢ŲҪҶпԭ
ʲôأȻţһĸĶˣǷȢϱû¶֮ǰΨһһϵĶӣҶӣȴ֮˼˺ܾãҲԼ˺ܾãõЩֻӡ
һߣҲۿŮ˵ǣ㣬㻹ȰŲϣ˵㰲ʲôģ
һվһԿһ־磬Į﷼ɨҸŮţҲˣϱӲǲ﷼ԼһֱĽڰˡһԼõĵŵģ﷼ĳªͱ¶š
սԼһЩȻ﷼һ㲻ȴ˵Ͼ﷼Լľˡ
裬һ﷼Ҳ֪ҵ谡չǿ֪ԼѾǸԶԭµˣǿǶӲ˳۵衣
һԱĿһĻĬĬĽȥý֤ƬվĬĬעﾡǵǣжͻȻȷδĻ̿֡
һûע⵽ЩչǿĽ֤Ƭ֤ߵչǿǰȴǶ﷼˵˵㲻֪չǿ裬ܼҸƬһæҹˣ㻹ǵ𣿡
ȥϹʱÿҶҪģ̾˻
ԶԶԣʱ»ƻ˵ǿûƬİ˾Ҫʵġ
Źǿӣϵð»ƸƬҲǵã
չǿԭѾԭ﷼˺ĸ׵ᣬҲѾϻˣ˴ţϾ﷼ԼľˣǵԼһƬհףԼʲô֣˶ǵõʱһչԺȣĿ
ʲô
չǿĿѵתͷ۾ĵ﷼˵ǲģ
﷼㣬ֻǳţʲô˵
һ֤ͽ֤һţӵչǿǰ
츸Ƕ͸֤չǿ֮Ҿȥ֤֤ҺչǿѾ飬ԺԻޣٲɡ
˵꣬һ˻صӵߣס֡
λˣԼ̬ȡ֮⣬ȴ־Ȼ۾أ˸ðͬͬƽʱ˶Զܿó֮Ĳһ
ȰչǿǿӣҲҪֿ»ƣþ֣˶˵ˣţԸܵȥ㡣زף˼ҲŲʮ꣬õͣҲָ˼һӰ
⻰˵ģչǿȻҲ˿һͳӽһ֣ζӳ£տԼͬô˵ǻϽͣҪҧ顣
⻹ֳãˣǿҲһСϱ»Ҳˣ˭Կ
չǿԼԿˣͷȭͷסһԲ
Ļǿ»ƣҹǿ˺üΣҪСϱ˵ǿͻˣ黹ԭĺá
﷼Ծ׮׮Լ飬뵽һ죬ָҵԼļˣû뵽·ô硣չǿĴǰһĸףһսûõšôչǿһʱȽϳ֮ĸʵ᲻áͿһһͦãռ˱˶ӣɷθҲӰˡ
ǰ̽סչǿ֣ͼȡһ
ȴչǿģѡ뿪һһԶ룬﷼Ҳһһ͸֣ѾʧҵĴҲǵۡ
˵תͷͳȥֻչǿһıӰ
һһϷȤˣϱ﷼ɲǱΰչǿľˣչǿнĸ飬̸ûþͽ飬Ҳһ죬ɷ뿪Ůˣƿɲһ㡣Ⱳӣ˵һһĽ﷼ݻ٣˶ʱ﷼ĽգôҶ֪չǿܻţԼĳ裬Ȳ뿪
ڵ﷼أһ֪ӣһĸףȴȻװʲô֪Ļ满̾оҼᶨתͷȥӳһЦ
չǿڵ£﷼ᱼߣ׷˵ȥɣȥ˾ͱҲ裬ҿͦõģȥ㶼ϡ
̧ϥصķŵ˵ϡ
ݣóϼҵԿף˵ߣ˼Ժﶪۣؼȥ
ǺƣлӶҪЦеģ˭̱ģǶԼӣɼˡ
ô˵Χ۵ҲȻ򡪡ǿ֪ķӣǿ֪ͳŸģ׼·ʹģ
ҪؼҲûôףͻȻˣŰñӵĹڡ
չǿǰɣǻթƭ⳥Ҫȥɳһˣϣǵĵ顣


 66 

սؼϢĺܿ, Ȼɳȥ, ӦǴӵ׼, ϾǴӵĳսȻû, ⳥ȻҪջصġҶôȻš
ԼĶӵģöĹΣҲ˼æǰͣ⳥ǻȥɳͲ˰ɡ
һ̫̫ϳְɫСҲ͵ǻǮߵ̻Ҫߵģӵ¹ԭҪ顣
, չǿ񾯴ˡĨӷó־ģһǮһεıԼ˵һҲܿŹǿ͸ķ, ô, ҲҶ, Լ˽Ǯ, ٽɩһЩù⳥ġǾöԲס㣬һҶԲ㡣
Ǯ, һͦżƻ龫, 괩·áѳɿա
һ죬ޱ˶Բеʱѧܲ٣Ҹˣ˸ҡͷסʧ񣬡ȥɣ裬ӦõġչǿϱԵ֣ߵ˾ͷ
ͻȻĪĸдܸо·Ϳһ֮䣬ĸТһУΪε뿪ɢ
ĬţǰݸŽᣬһٿ顣
ʱпֵȺѾתأеĻؼңеĸչǿȥˡ
Ժֻʣˣһȵ̧ͷ˵̣һ˵⳥һһ˱һģһһ룬Ҳȥɡ
ǿٿǮСĿһٿ飬ȥϱ߽еļҵ˵ȷֱһŴŽᶼòôǮȥ۰
ǮƿôҪǵǮһǮĵط٣һЩǮټǰģˡ
̾˿뱾ͿһһˣûнйԼһСӣҲԽԼһ衣Ըˣź
Ǯ󱻳ӲǮȥˡ
һſӣϺ˿ûбչǿĹӰ죬ɫģȥıӰ
ΪʲôҪչǿǮ
Ƿģˡ
ߣõǮǷչǿϱչǿǷԼĿɶˣѸٵĿرУһԾģ죬һίڵ޷ģְѳƱӸչǿǸǡ
Ȼһ˫ůסģעߣΪĸ˵ҲԺˣҪ˻˵չǿ⳥𣬱ڱǡ
һ⣬һҪռǮģϱӱĸǸŮ߹ϵ˹Ⱳ˽ˣȴӲֱӰǮ渶ϡ
ǻʲôռˣԼŵǳӵǮ
һ̵ҡųӵӣʾԼ֪Ǯ̾ͻ㡣

ɨΪӶͳһǮԺǼҵǮܡ
һͷ˽ǮԼ˵һˣˣһٶһ㡣
󷽵óһţţµ㻨Ǯ
Ȼ󱻳֮Ľ£ŵؿĿڴ·ǶôҪһǮһȻſһɵЦһأǮɵЦ
ûͷûԵЦһӣͬһøʲôʲôȥˡ
һռĵȷⶫõʱ죬Ѿ죬ֻܵȵˣⲼϲˮҲ壬ǳгӭ춬Ҳ˳·
أȥɽԼҤȥˣչǿͻȻ˵Ӱǲܵġǻһ̬ȣ˵ǿֻţ޹ؽҪϾǵһĨ΢Цһ֤ʱӣһŸĶʱ
˵﷼뿪еĿ֮⣬ԽԽۿߵһֻ̣죬ȸ͵һطİĵطĵؽ磬ɵԽԽ
룺Ȼ˽ģҵȷ֪Ů˵ɷ򣬻ӵĶѽԼǲôﵽҵͷϣ˵Ҳء
ʶĺԼչǿڣʧٶӵʵֻǾί
Լί֮Уû֣ˣչǿŰɫƷ񾯡
չǿǰͷӰһƬãȻ޴һ㣬еϧʱӿĳĺĺͣסϿؼȥɣҪǲϵûؼҵ·ȥСӵĶӳ˺ܺãؼҡ
﷼һ𣬻عͷȻչǿס·Ѻһһ㣬ѿڶ㣬ôˣô£ǿɲԩˡ
չǿ﷼ϧ֮Ĵ𣬲ô˵﷼ԼľˣЩദĵεΣЦòĸ׺֣֮Щ鲻١
Щճյؿ﷼ϵۣ˵ģֻǴȥ飬ˣͻһġ㣬㻹ǸϽؼȥɣ裬軹ڼء
﷼ʣΪʲôģղҰͻȥ㻹úõģôת֮͸ŵһ˿ѹ
СŲͷ˵޿޲ɵģüͷԿһͱҲ˵װ׵дţº˰ɣߴߴ˰ɣ
ս˵Ҽ˶ΪˣҲΪ ͸Ҽ˲ǿΪҼƭ⳥һ£߸̣㲻ҪġѾָˣʵ˵ˣܻҪ֤ϣܰҡ
﷼Ĩȥյᣬ˵ȻʲôʱҶеģҰɽ¼ؼҵġ
񾯣ҪʵЩ⳥ҲҪߣҪڵʱ䣬ٵҲⲻ˽ȥһ⡣
չǿ˺Զڻͷֱ˵ӰӱһССӰСſߣҲûôᣬСӻǸ֣
һŻعͷȥ
һ֪֮ľⱲȷſģѾˣƺչǿ֪ģ⵽չǿһģ뷨
һˣŮ֮˭˺ĸϣȴ˺ˣһϱ޷չǿԻ·Ⱳǿǿƺףƺ֤Լ
ĿɲЩϾѾȶĴ󷽣͸ȡɵҵ콨군ˣҲһ۵˴򽻵ɴԼɡ
һƥѩ׵ĵȷţⶫѩ׵ĳòŵĵӰǻȫأûмǴĻҲ⼸ˡ
һָϵÿһȥңȥеʱҿװӻĲϣװһӻƸ񡣡
˵Ƹ˵ֱ׳Ȼ۾գһµģϷһȻһеˣߵֻǱȣûвôӵйϵչǿ˵һ֮󣬿һžĽѣһδŮӵݣĺͳദ
һĶģ˵´ȥһȥɣ˳ٸһЩЩ㶼˰ɡԺ㲻ڼţǲ콨һˣԼҲǮ
ӵͷǵõð⣬̽ѿһ춼Ǻ¶죬ޱЦ
ݵһֱٳּͻȻɷһϯҪϵСӣΪһ˴ɷ򣬿һʼ˼ԼǲԼ̫ǿˣɲãлôչ
ãȴһ˴ơ
﷼֪ʱһ߷ߵĶڵģһͲƲ硣
ʲôʱˣһż𣬻ˣǡ˵﷼һֱӵӣͷȥ
ǺǣһЦԼѾ˵鷳˵Լˡһһߣӣ߳⣺˵ĺ˴ųСӣҸչǿûϵˣʵ𣿡
ϧعͷٻζҲܿͷʾףǶԷҲѾһӦԷϧֻͨһ﷼ҵľ


 67 

ϧ, ˮ, վ¶Ųӡ
һϽȥ, ﷼ھţûµ, 㱻Լڳ¶
һȥһӣˣקӣ
ǺõģϧڼȻ֮УҲ˲ʲôˡ﷼ˮһӲֹһͳſھڿţһϽ׳һ, ȥ׼ȷ﷼ϣֻסһӣһֻ첲˽ȥ, ӵ, ﷼Ѿס, ֻǿԺü, βǺˮ
һӸ£ιץסӣ
﷼Ҳ֪ô, ŲӣȻҺ޵زٺ, ͳɲôĥ硣ʲô֪Ҫ֪ˣ϶̻ϣҵĴ⳥𻹸òãᣬҪεġ
Ǻǣһڽ£һʱ֮ԽӾһЩɺ
ܸԼϷʲôл˲ԼĶ֮ųչǿ𣬶ˣ𣿡
ˮȻ䳹ǣ﷼ھˮȻǺôû飬˸СгЩʲôھˮһ
Ŷ֪ŲƲָŶһ֪ķǳˮְ仰˵ɣҪԶԶģ⳥¶ôҲңҲһǺ۸ˡ˻ķޣǷծҪŮ˻ġ
ʲô˼㲻뻹
һӣʵǲ뻹Цſ׳ֻ¶һͷ﷼Ҳ˵
֪ǣȥа΢ЦһʮĴɡ
﷼ɪɪĿ죬Ȼһɿ־
ӶӣαضǮѾҶ̣ȥˣսܿܳ
﷼һĿ⿴ͬھڱߵĳӣĿ֮д˸м֮⣬λС磬ܲܰæ
һĶţЬӴ뿪
Ӿ֪ܰ˼
﷼˵лл㣬̫ллˣ˵İǮս衣
ǿһùģǮԿһģŮ˵ллſһ˵һһ˸ۣԸԶ֪ŮǸǡ
Ůչб𣬺οµʪ͸˵Ůˣ˺һףȥű۰ɪɪӣ˵ǵģҶ̸ճţ·ӦġҪллһɣһǮҲһϹġ
գûз磬ʪ͸﷼оů˲٣Ŀ˵Ŀһҧ촽˼Ƭ̣һվʲôû˵ȻĿתӣ˵С磬ûо·ҽ贩һ£ϴɾ˾㡣
һȻװȥǣʱʱ̿עǱߵĶأ﷼ԳӵȣȻƽ﷼ս¶ǱϾϱˣɲҪԵ±Թ
ڳӲûʧ
ǿһδ򣬲㡣ĺòʶ̧٣һҲпԭˣһллȻһһЩ⡣
ųӵ﷼һҭסһκͲ֪롣ϧһ糤Ĳ࣬üĿĳȴûһ˿ᡣ
﷼ûоܹĴ˵Ҳ̫ûȣҲ̫ûòˣ²̨
Ϊ´ӾｦˮŪʪѣڳ﷼ʱ򣬾ͶԶԶĿһûסһЦ
ΪʲôҼ֪δΪʲôҪ㰡㲻ΪƾɣΪҼҾ¶ʲôϵʲôϵҳôÿֳʲôΪʲôҪ㣿˭չǿƵϹ
﷼
ûмôֱӵˣһһ˵ģգֱһӶȥٴȥ֪һ˵ʲôתߣʱһһԡ
һûòȥȥһк򡣡
﷼ʪգŲҵԶˡ
˵ǮɳҵԼĶӣ˵Եɣ 
ЩӣΪ˶ӣǽ˵ȻЩǮ
쵼ǱΪѣֻ¿˲õķķβܣԺѧڸҳʱװȻõһ⳥һٳ֣ûһ˴Ǯƣǵʱô죿
ʱҲѾ˽ǰ̬áͲչǿ󹤷ѣһЩҽҩѣЩһ룬ʣǮԾɸǣдվݣ˫ǩ֣塣
ȻǽԴϲмᶼˣллŶӳȥ
սĸ־ģʣǮȴҩѣձ﷼ȥÿ춼ҪҩԣҩĻͻоҵͷۣʱҩ﷼ĸŮ˼µĸȥΪҩ֪﷼Ǵڣ﷼һԹԵģѺߵʱֻ﷼ٻ﷼ĺôǵԹһҲʣˡ
裬սҵ˵ͷʲôǵˣ﷼ңҽҩϣȷ˲Ǯ
סʣ˼ǣǻøҽҩˣ
չǿоϲû֮⣬˵ҲøǶ٣ĸṴ̊ƵˣֻҪ⵽˾ˡ
˵Ǹ̰ƵˣҪҪҽҩѣȸһĹǮ
չǿƿԡ
չǿǰһЩȨģĶŭ˵ʲôʱ޶ۣҲ֪ˣչǿʶȤŲԡ˽﷼ȻҾã﷼澳֮УΨһˡѾԭ﷼ο﷼ĵġ
֪ĸ׶﷼ķдӺζ𵱳ڼϣĸĿԼԼأȰĸؼң˵ĻصϼҶŵĻ˿ţ﷼ںĸ׿жӳµڶԲϡ뵽Щ޲óԼĶӡ
ôˣҲôˣžžžԼϴ˼ơ
裬ӲТǰңﶼϣжİչǿں޽ӡ
Ŷϵָӡ֪ӵĻģۣٻ쵰Ҳ޷ʯĳˣȥˣ㶼˹ƻԺ˾аԺúùӡĶǮȢϱ
˵ϱչǿһ£裬һô°ͳʲôʱһģǲкͳһ˼ˣ
ӿŲҲ£ӹϱչ鲻ǶϱˣһӸһȫ˿աڶӻˣͶӹҲһġһʮТ˳ɵݴţԶԶĿСڹĺúõģҲ㡣
ͷ·˵ʲôãܴԶȥ㣬㲻ԸؼңѵҪΪعһӲɣ߿ؼңܰѼʰʰи˯ĵطˡ
չǿѵû˯ĵط·ִֿשһپ飬ܲڲ˯
ɳһ⣬ѾʮƣۣҲ˵ӿŲĸȥ


 68 

˭֪ԽԽԾ, Ȼɫ, ɥʧļ, Ȼԣⲻ·ȥ, Ϸߡ
ʣ裬ǻؼҵ·
˵ǳׯСӻ˶ʮ꣬ǵˣ
չǿ֪࣬ĸ׵֮⣬ΪʧȥŭҲ޷¶ԭĴԭĴ˻, ɱ⣬Ǿĸ׺ҵǰԼҲԸ, Դ»ָ˼չǿ˵, Ҳ˼顣
ʱԼȫȻ·һ, ôһİ˵Ļ, Ҳ֮
Ӵԭļס¼ңѾкüû, Ĺ̨ǿյģѾùһӾ˾סĳʪ֮
˰, ˮݽţһ£˥ܣҲö֡
Ѱˣ̾˿ֻ˵裬Ϊʲôȥ·ȥס
һңȻѾһˣһȥʲôһѣһ˻ﱡһĲȥ֮ǰӣڼúʰʰ˯ɣȥһ˳һЩʳҿ¼ҵʱլＸʲôû´ļҾߣȻɾץϹˡ
չǿͷ˼һôǮ·Ӳ˵Ǯû⳥
·Ͼ˿һһӣסҾ֪ǻϼǱߣķҰȥٴһЩʳȥôˣҲЩȥɡ
ӻͳ־ݵϱĻʣµǮԭģ㻹ţռǷġԭžǹ˺ҰǺ庢ӣɢ֣˾Ϳˤ裬˭֪ǿˡ
֮жӲû֮⣬һúЦ˵⻰ǧչǿˣǮҲţﰡТ˳㻹ҪТ˳㣬û裬͸һģȵҽ飬ӣ㻹Ҫִء
˵ã۽ȴ̲סӲǮ˹ȥô˵ҿɾ͵ˣǮš
һӹ벻ðײãȵչǿԸ⣬ҪʱҪΪһٸ߲һ뵽㣬Ƴӽ˽Ǯһ㣬ĽԼ
չǿɳ¶ڶһ磬˱㶼֪ˣһ˴ӵļӳдϼҴĶ˻ȥһЩЬ౻֮ҵˣȻ˺䶯ϵȱֵˡ
չǿЩ߷ߵģ˦ˡ
һһŵˮҲߣ룺ҺôҲǮɳ̳֮һɫ
ææµµģʼüĶһ裬ȱæˣлҪ˵
Ъţ϶ǲϵģһ˵Լ̣ſϷĻЪһЪ
һ£ͳҪһȥڣ˿ܣԺӵĹϹ߲ˣջļڣǲ˳ȥģиտ
裬ͷİɣչǿ꣬ĺúõģнţ㻹ڼﲻɣ
ԥһ˲׷Ų˺þõļѼǴӦˡ
һ˵裬סͻȻּңҲûʲôʳҰǼҵʳһշӦܶǸʱ򡣡
ͻȻ̾Ҳ֪֮ô죬һ˵Ĺֿ϶ǲ궼á
һȥ裬ѽĲǮôôҲܶ㡣
ȴƿ˵Ǯģ趼ˣãӲǮ
һһΪǮ¶Ƿǳ˽ܵģ˵˭֪ֱ̹ӽ˵˳
˵¶ǹǿ㲻Ǯ˾ģھ˵ףҲǸ߹ǿ˵ˣӺɷԺ׬ǮͲҪ̰ͼϱġ
˵زչǿʲô˵̾ͱ¾ģӺɷ򣬻ʳ𡣲裬˵ҶԲǿɲãҪˣڻǹһ
һ룬ⲻɵԼϲˣϲƤ𣬵åֻ
˵ҶԲ˰ɡҲø£ߣ裬ھͻؼȥҸԿףҺͳϾҪˡ
Ҳ˵ʱԶӻǰȻǿĶĶãȻڣڿĶϱԱȣææµµȴֵ֪Ķӣôô˳
Զϱ̾͸ˡ
˭֪ǰһ黨ո²ñӵŮſվţ﷼ĸ
˱﷼﷼ʵ̣㣬ȥջ㣬ĶøҼûˣǶҲûá
Ҵӽйӽйǿûнġǿס˶ʮļңʲô㣿ûˣպˣҲǺõģðͰ͵͡һҵģҲ㡣
һ仰﷼ͨ죬һЩ޳漴Թ޵İ˿һһۡ
һ侪棬˵Լʲô¶˲ҵţԾ۾Լ
ⲻ֪﷼ΪȻǺദվõǰϱΪΪϱͷҵɲͺ
һקţ˵߰ɣ裬ڼءø˴򽻵ϱӴĽﴦԿʱһ
Ⱳˣʱ˵һжԼûɶϵ˿ͬһһ㣬Ǳݡ
һҲǲδĶϱ̫˼﷼̺ܸߣЩۣչǿԣ˵źͶϱìܵʱ򣬻ƫ˭
һֹ﷼﷼ȴз߷ߣֺαǰۣҫŹϵǰҫһõɣ
һɲ֪з߷߲ƽʲôҪ֪ĻɲȥźúõʲôԺϱϵֽˣԼ¡
ϧһûжȻ֪﷼ʲô
ҲƺԼһЩ֣һƢ̫Ƶģǿǿ˳ۣǰɲģ֪ġ
һһЦȻ֪ˣһƢõģϴСչǿʧǻһŻسǣҲûжＷһ߿֪ƶϧ֣һǾԼġ﷼˵Ĳٴɫ﷼װͷˣչǿؼң﷼ºȴװһ޹ӣҲѹſˡ
˸յſڣſڴһ˽ɻˣǺõȡ
콨˳ӶˣһߵȴûӰӡ
һ콨ףʮֵľɥСӵץˣܵⲻǸԼ鷳𣬰ɵͷһˡ
һͷ˼ǣ
ǻһɣ֮ǰˣûأ˵ԼֶҪ飬аһٺݺݵ׬һʡ˳һԼææ˵
裬ȽݡһţŵӰźʧų˳һߣ֪سŵǱ壬⣬ͼ۸ҵĻȥǮȥһܸһ𣿡
¶¶ѾȥҲ˵ˣαټƽأ콨˵
һ۷һ죬һ
һƽϰ¶ȥҾǵĲһ⣬ҵˣҲңûá
˵ٲţȴһ˷ţǳӣȸ߸𣬴ʪյĲЬȻոոʲôơʱſ֣Ϊȡ
ʲôʱģĲɣ³ȥдˡ
ֶԿһ˵ҸղȥۣȵǻùǾ˵һ˵ûˮ˱Լ֣ھǴˮʱ˳æ
˵ھף콨޵ɫԻôոսûҲпԭˡ˵ʲôֻǳӳǸһЦѾԶ
һҲѾ򣬴ŽգȻ߽Ժӣˡ
˳˵ô죿
콨˵˵ʲôԺˮ϶ҪԶš˶ԼģԼȴҪƨɣ˵ʵѿҲ𻰣ͷɥˡ


 69 

˵콨, Ȼ˺, ΪλҪƤءԭԴһ֮, Ҳ˵Ҵеĵȷ, еֱòһһӱģϧؼ磬˼Ҵ಻Ը򣬾ðɫĲֱ࣬ʵãÿʽÿ
ԭ콨Լ֪һʵʵСүʲôʱ˼ڵ·, ӹҵƷѾ˲ˡȥϸ֣ʲôʽ·Ķ, ʲôֱĶ, ǾͲ֪ˡ֪඼ް취, , ֻҿ»ơ
һùô࣬ҲһѵĲأ˳, ȥ˹ޣʱͱһĶˣҲ˲÷·
ʡ, ճվ˾Ѿֱжӹˮģһأǹ׬Ǯġ
ϱִ߽⣬ڵ̯ҲɹʱλȽϽ֮⣬ĶƽʱһһŴһͷƮˡȻơ
һȷһ֪Ǹʲôģܿ
û뵽ģǹӪ̵Ľλǲţӵһȷ·ǿɾ͵ȥ̵ĳˡ
һͷһһסߣԼŮȥжϱֶϱϱ
һĶܿһգؽļ죬ķһҪһ̲ͣṲ̊Сһ·
ֵģǱҲȽ˳
ܿҵʡеͺŵѹͷޱȣͿĨ˺صɫģɫᣬǳĶڿⷿ
ЩǹҵƷҪҵȯ
ѡһιӣѹ˱ȽϳģץҪˡ
˵ŵݳҵȯһģ˵Աʱ֮裬Ӿⶫһ򵥻еƤӾ˵ĶôҪҵȯأгоϸͳ֣е߰壬죬Ҫҵȯпԭһѹˮʲô
˾ҪˣҪҪɣͳǮȯȷһ飬һǰʮ飬Źҵȯ
ȴ˷֣Ӳ֪ԣôˣ
ȴ¹ڳˣǰŸֱʣһ쵼֮ģ߹⳧ⷿǰĹ˶̬ô쵼ôš˽ﲻɡ
ԼǸԸһЩ쵼˵ⶼǽֵ֣Ҹ˵ĹͲֵһᣬֵһᡣ
˵䣬ӳ쵼۷ɨԼź۸񲻴ŹҵȯҲֵҪﶼûУֻʡУ򲻵Ĳ֪ȥˡ
Ǯȥ򲻳ɣܵȵ°ʱ򣬵һʡ
˭֪·תǸ쵼ʮѵ⣺ƽʱôӺϰյģҶ֪ǳĶôֵǮ
Ȼʮļ۸ѹˮʵ˵˺üлл쵼
쵼ȴԵˣɫΪġ鲻һ˲ȴñӲ׽ҲˣԼǸ˺ʱ쵼Ҫ쵼֣ôˡ
΢΢һЦֻ֪
ֻǺͿһϵĵ·ϣ˼һССеôˮ̣ȴֻɽֵֵģͷø徭̣Ҹ֣ǸøʲôʲôվҪƷͨģֻҪΪеһżˡ
صԼõص㣬ֱһȻ˼ץסʲôȴȷ
ֱһǮǰһ߲ĵطػΣǲǲıǶƮųƱеζ
ӻع˵Ǯ׬ģ
һһͦأʮֽǵȻҪǮôǰءͲǮô׬ģ
һ˵ڣһ֪ԼˣҪǳԼǮô׬ģԼҪôش
һţϳЦŵʣô׬ģ
ܾƺ֪ʲôһ˿˿
һֻúԶԣ׬Ǯ
Ŷϱѹˮˡӿʼ˵Ļ⣬㽫ô׬ǮĻȥ
ҿûĲһģµ롣
ڳЪϢһڶԹ緹ſʼؼҡʡǺСлǲһģ¥һ㣬̵һ㡣˴·ҲһЩ
һŻᣬ編ƣڴСȥЩȷ׬ٿ飬ǹӣ֣иʽ±еţƤСѥгСȵһȹӲʱˣֻĽĽ
ȥƷչվ»˺ö飬δĴѧԡ
һ۾⿴ųӣĽĿ⣬ûвδЦôңǲ̫ˣ⵽޷԰Σ

һĵɴ۾ԭΪڲ飬ǳʵһĸҵˣϱҲˡһ֮󣬳ӳ̤ʵ˵Щ뻰Ŀ˳ӣ˾ȻǸɧ
ע£ӵĶӶ쵽䡣
һ̧һĶţ̫ڷܺѧֿϱӿ϶˵ⱲӲŸһġ
¿˲ãһݺݵĹһֱ͸˲űſ
һӵģ˶ȥĻվ˻ؼҵĻ𳵡
һصң˾͸æһæŸӶˣæ;˸ɳˣˮ̨࣬
һеֿˣׯӵˣϾʱܹ򣬾ѹͷԱ˵Ǹء
ÿα˼˿һҪˮĽȡ
»ƣû
һȻǣˮͷ𣿡
ʲôˮͷÿδҵĳƺܻ£ÿζҪһ˵ʲôһÿζԼȥòԶˡ
صչǿңԼ׶ӣ᲻öӹ¿һס
һһʳĸ֮ǰĿڹģǾ͹ܲˡ
콨Σÿζ䲻ȵģԼû˼Ҳˡ
ÿԺﶼҪˣһͳӶĻˣով׽һЩĹϵͻȻһİ
һѵˣųѾõľڣԴӣṩ׿һԳġһԼ±ܳȥ
ѾˣѾʮһ£»ˮݻƵ׾Ҷɢ㡣
Ҳ˳
ЩͣģֺһЩһ˪Ȼˡ
һݸһ±ʵģǺ֥ڵġΪʵĲóԣҪԺ֥ġ
һţͳһ𣬲Ϊ˵Ǿ仰ôԼϲԵĶǶԼðɡ
˭֪ӸжĶ˵ãʵĺóԣһһɡ

֪СʵڣҪڷˡ
ŶϱӵĳӷǺпܵãⱲӵĳӣһŲܡ
իĵóԵģǶӣ±㲻֪ɣЦһһʱӵĽ㣬˿㣬лζ͸
ֱӵݵһһڣֿ࣬ڸлһıһζһûпһеģʳž˵ζ
ԵĿһͷһڽһڣ꣬ʣһڣһŴζл񣬿ιԼԵĳӣôóԣҲѽ
ӵģ·Ƣַ·˿ߵбеһжһůɫ
ϲԣҿԡ
Ҳ˳Գӵȴһʧȥʲôֺá
һʣô˵ʺóԣ϶ҲϲԣҲҪԡϲ㣬ҲԵһеĺöʲôö㣬㲻Ҫһѹġ
˿̿һȫиж˵Ϊ˼̫ɿˡ
סһ۵С֣һķ·Ҫ
ЩӣչǿĻ֣̼̿ɢֻй͵ģһŮȫȫ
ͻȻĬգͻȻ
һÿŵһ±㳢֥ڵģҲóԡ
ΪƽʱգȻָģʪ촽

һ˵Ǹ֥ĺó԰ɣҴСϲֻһҵܵһֻܸһӷ֣Сһ飬ΪҪŵãСӣСӳԲ̫ࡣ֪ΪʲôϲΪ±һζֹӺͻǣ棬Ͷζÿεĵ궼رˣһǮһ飬ģرԣ˵ҳͰǸ衣
һ˵꣬ԼֿЦЦ꣬ӶЦ޶ԣȻôֻ˸ģһֽ۵Ķ
һεͷСʱͦίģûʲôˣˣͲϡһ±ˡ
Ӱѿһıڻĸıһ˵ԺһϺӣԺʲô±ͳʲô±


 70 

ǵڶ˵Ļ, һֻĿһ, ϸСֲȥ, ס˳ӵĲӡ
ĬĬ
ĵװ룺˵ĺʲô汾£Ӻ, ȻҪж˼ʵʸܵ
ԴĻ֮󣬳Ӿһľˮɰãȵˮ̽ʵˣѹҲͿͶʹã׼õİͰˮˮĳˮ, ʮ£һͰˮѾˡ
ֱʮͰˮ峺, һھĺˡ
Χ۵ĴıǱ˻Ҫ, һƬк
ԱǶƲĻֵ, ӳֹ, һ˼ȵ˳ˣȥѹˮ֮, ӳס˳ӡ
⾮ΪĥҼҲһھɣôٲġ
ȻǴӦ, ֳɵģ¿ͷѣ֮«ư򵥵ĺܡÿǣ̾ʹӦˣӳҵ飬ôˡ
ӳ˵ǲС
Ҳ˵пվɡ
ӳѰ˼ø˼ҹ¶ĸҲס
ºˣһϴ·ȥӱҪˮģ⾮Ը㶨
ǰʲô˼ҲӵһھأϲƲɣˣһׯӵ˺һڣˮԶĵطһھ򣬼ȻˮԺȣΪʲôھأ
һãϴӵĻƣҲûôĽЩŮˣ·϶׽۵ģʵĿУһЩƮƮȻˡԺճʼۼöˣŶӴˮڴͷľˮҪȳ
һͼʣʾȥͺˣ
ӿʼӳҴ򾮣һżȥæ
Ҫ飬˺ȥ
жӳĶӰæĳκܿͳˣӳĴӽմǿ˺ܺҲ˵ϵæˣӶѡ
˵ٸɵĶ࣬ûôۣһͶմǿкøС
һһӣ콨
Ӱæһһ˵ЩĲ֪ôˣϱߵ˸˵һֱˣֺãǵҵǲ¸磬Ҫǲæˡ
һǰȥܴⷢ죺Ǯ˾ǣԼ׬ǮûǮ׬ʱôң
һҲأ˻һͼԼʹ𣬲ȻԼĲУ˭ʵʵԼ
콨ɫΣȥһֻǿųӡ
˵磬Ҳû취ҵһģȻƢǻ˵á˵ҵøǴӳ򾮣ʵڹ˲¡ط˶ȥֹһܰ㡣
ӵƢһºͣǫĶԸ񣬾ǾܾˣҲҺ·ϸ
ǿһ֪ǳģʲô¶ﶼһˣǵءȻԷ֮·ޣ
콨ϵɫΣռⲻס鶯ſһѿһŵĲᡣ
˭֪콨һһӣǸˡһףɾʮȽǣ
һæÿǸõĻҪ
Ȼˣȴ÷ȥһ˵˵˵ʲôѴҪܰϣҲпʱĻȰȰӣͳء
ӳҡͷһ΢Цڰ֣ʾԼ֪ء
콨һ԰æĴǿһ˵ǿŵùûʲôֱ˵ɡ
콨˵Ƿֿ֮ȥϱǵֵܱסˣ͸Ķӡǻ֮󣬾ͿʼԼװ˭֪ôɣǷ̵ġ֪Ҳǿˣ˵ͺŲԣǲ͵ġ
콨˿ϸһɫ뿴Ƿһ˿ɶѾ֪ģǿһӴӦһһ񶨣ҲóֲɡﰵԺڣʵڲõһɼ¶ô˵ű˵ʱ
һ˵ÿ֪࿴Ⱑ֪ɲһǸĻˣбҵ˵ˣӸдͺţ򲻾ʲô¶ûˡ
콨ǺǺǺǵЦ⣬ͼôҪͼˣô˱˵Ļ
һ뿴콨Цģͦ˵ֻ꣬һҲˡ
һæŸ̱ߣһ콨ĻָŴǿһæţԼĺ콨˵磬Ҳ㣬Ҳ֪ͺŴˣֶʧ֮ǧֻ޸ţرϸĶ˵ˣǹҶǽġ¶ý֮ǰǸֽԭһˡ
콨˵ʲôأ̰ˣŽǸ˱һЩġ콨úõһǿ̫ˡ
콨źˣ˵һֵԹһʹΰæԶ֮Ŀ׻˵ˡ
մǿ˵ˣԺ󲻻˰ɣ
΢Цͷ⼸ŵˡմǿЦЦ֡
һˣҲġ
˵û£ˣԺ󲻴򽻵ǡæĺܣ˸ɿҲ˼أô˵һ¹Ū̫ѿ
ðɣһͷʵǸǳС۵ˣɼǳˣȻô˵ҲˡҲ֪æѾкü˼ҹĨǵĴһھҪǮ
е˹һͷѾˣשھѵĹ򡣵ǻ˼ҵ׷񣬿ԼԺһھȵģ෽㰡СҲһΣգȫõĺӻȥе˲⣬ŮҲҪȥһʣԼҲһڡ
ʲô˲Ը⣿˼ҿһ»ƵôԸˣûƸһھƸҲˣ
һ֪ӽæȻһ࣬һϺ˵ӣҲӦ콨æģҲͷ
һæһͻؼȥӳԷдӳڹţһʱų̵ġڲãϸʲôԵأõĺ⣿ӣǳһأ
һ·ߣͻȻǰһ˫ţҲ֪ĳġһ̧ͷȥŤͷתߡ
ǿ֪࣬ģ츸ĸ׽á
ǆ£е֮ŮǴս
֪һǰֵʱͷʣ°ֲ죬Ҹʲô
ܲܰ磿֪֮ǰԲ㣬һֱ֪ģ֮ҲݺݵĹң㲻ҪòãҪ־͹ҰɣҵĴ
һĿ·ص˹ʱ˳ĸļңɿʱĵϣ˵㣬ֱһ׳˶С׻
һλûжĶ⣬һֱԼǰ¡
ѱ׬ǮԼȻΪǸ˰
֪Ĩ˰ᣬ˵Ұ׬Ǯ㣬òãɣ
һ˫־ٸߣڳһͶƣ㲻ҪңҲǾҿûǮ˵㡣˵ĶԣҲƾǮĲô㡣أҾƾ²æΪû°ǣ
Եģˣ㣬ĶһӶǵġ˵ţλ֪ͳǮַŻԼĶ
һ죬ղɣִأɲɣա
˭󻹲һأҽ㣬û£ǡ
һתߣңң콨ƺ˵˵˲Ѿ˳ӣʵƭҵģûа취ֻˡ
һһһ˿Цǣʵʵ˲ƭˡ


 71 

Ͱ, Ƿ͸ɶǵ, ĺó, ӣҲͷճ
ſһԵ, Ա߿ţһӣͲˣĭģ̳ԡ
һͷԵĿնûС
˵Ǹ﷼ˣԼƵģƤ, ô˵һίӡǽ
һ, ߶߶, ѵõʱ̡ЩԼ, ַſڵ, ҲûеˣԵʱ͸ϧ
˵, Ľɫϵõĸ϶ûеĸĸԸ꣬ǱԹ, ԴŮĸûҳ̬ƽ͵лҳ
ȻҲڱԹ
һӣһųݵ裬ʮֱ㡣
˵Ҹ˵һδŮӣܵ˼ң϶˶룬Ǽ˲ҪŮҵھͲˡ
һⲻǻѵĶž飿
ǱҲ󣬶﷼˵ŮΨһ۵ϱԵֲá뿪ǣȻĺúõģÿԣǣȴԱ߻Ҫá
ԭȻǳˡ
յģ϶Ÿ﷼ʲôˡ
˼֮һ˵裬Ҫ㻹סɣڸ˵ôԺϱ׻˵ĺãϱʱĥô죿סҾ͵裬˵չǿûˣҾŮҲһģ˵ĻȻ
ȻĿɿڴ˵ɣǿĹȢڣţϸӻؼ֮УҲö﷼ж⣬Ѱ˼϶һˡ
һȴŮ׷иɴչǿھ﷼ƭʧãʶںѾϣ﷼Ҳ˵ĵ̬˺ͺ£Ͼнĸء
һ￴ģչǿ﷼ٯٯʱ˶ѾףĶѾȫʲôʵĻ˿϶Ѿˡ
ޱƶ˵Ӳ﷼飬ȴģҲˣһؼҿȥδŮһʲôӣ˵꼱Ҵҵˡ
Ϊһٽ˸չĹˣ⹤ľҵҵһֹ˳Ȼɣǿʵļеı飬Ĳչǿ﷼һ
أԶס
ǣǴٽжŮһĹˣʵһһľζ˵ʵһˣֹ֪öӺϲŮ˸ãֻһĶȢ˻Ů˵ͨĸװˡ
ŻŵĻؼңһ·϶ҪȢ﷼ô죬һСׯûʲôʶһвͷͷµ顣ԶϱҲûʲôҪΨһһƣ˼֮ǰȢ˿һĳŮӽ˭֪һһ㶼˵ۣÿ춼Ҫ˲ˮ˵سǣˣʲôûٸɡ󣬸һ˶һҡ
﷼Ƚϣ﷼˵ĺʵϾǴ˵һҪǿĿͻ˼ˣһӶҲû
Դ˾صңɿ﷼ڸߴĶǰ಻磬һһߵĵͷӵ˵Ρ
æȥվ⣬ģչǿ㻹˼ӸĻͷǲ
չǿ񣬴߳⣬裬ո﷼һεǸѾԭǴڣ񵽵ӱʧӻ죬ҲȫȻ﷼ĴԼ֮˵ʶԼˣȫȻţһ˿һûлɣѵԼĴ𣿰еĴ󶼹һŮϣʲôӺɷ򣬺οЩ죬﷼̬ҲһֱԼ쵰
ʲôʵʲô˵˵
չǿסһʱֲ֪Ӻ˵𣬴Ҷ¶˵һܾ˵ڡ
̣ǸչǿǸģĶԲҲҪ˵һ飬ΪҵĴȴϵʹ࣬ңһҺͺҵĴ
˵ǿɲǣҪҶһһúõأһڶ֣ʱٸһӣס·֪࿪ġɲĴ
﷼Ѿӯڽޣ﷼͵ģһ˫۾·ܴ£˵̣ԲȻҲǹģǲô˵ɵĺҸǸԭҲûϵһúõĿֱԭ¡
бۿһԾ֪˵Ķӣ˵ҶѾԭǰɣΪҶԭģҪǲԭ㣬㲻ǻҪҼңǺðɣھԭ㣬Ĵ㲻ǹģ˰ɣ
﷼۾裬ѹ΢ţ촽תΪ԰ףҲϵĲ
תˡ
չǿǴĿһۣת׷˳ȥ
﷼ܲԶͣţ˦˦ȥչǿţ˫ֲϵĨᡣ
·ԽԽչǿڸȥһ㲻ϵĴ°͵£̧﷼Ϸһִٳû¡
չǿǽƷŻ࣬ճȭˡҲǹģˡƽʱ⻰˵ģԼΥģƽʱɲƽʱǸƵŮˣֻ﷼㣬̫ԵʣΪ˰ο﷼˵ʵ
﷼ʵ̧ͷʣ𣿡
չǿΥĵĵͷˣ۾ᣬʵ˺ܺõģһȥ˵˵˾ͺˡʵء
﷼ҭһΪЦҪú˵ҪҵӡˡչǿԲҲ֪ΪңӴ˵ĶԣҼǴˣӲޡ
չǿ۾ͻȻġչǿ﷼˵ͻȻ֮ƵģƵģûüϸϸƷζİĳƺͻȻһ飬־÷ꡣ
ˣҸҲûи飬˵Һսһ죬ǹ࣬ڶ·Ͱȥˡ
﷼˫գ˵˵㲻Թңܸм
չǿǺһЦûʲôҲûֿ˿ܶҺáչǿԹӵйˣôԼԼûѡĸչǿ룬ֺ﷼䣬﷼͵ؼҵĴ·ϣۻ
µ˼ģأ̲סˣ裬бҪ˵ô˼һС˺ƤֱӰ˼˵ˡ
ƣҶԭˣˣôǲǾҸڣǼҳ㣿
裬˵ô𣬲ô˵Ҳҵľˣ֮ǹģⲻףҲһѵҵľôҪһôֵǮ
˼һ£˵Ķԣô˵ҲľˣƷпҲǾˣһһ룬øжĻҪжҪҶϱǲɵġ
չǿ˵Ķ仰ΪĸڻӦӵôֵǮĸ׳ϾˣŻ˵Ǿͺã裬´˼ҵ̬Ⱥһ㡣Ҹˣ֪ҽ֮󣬾͸˵֮ˡ
ɻ󣺡˵ģԼ˵ģ
չǿȻˣһϣҲѾ֪˿һ飬͸˵ˣ裬ʵѾ˵˶׵ġ
չǿ˵ʵһꡪʲôûˣһޱȻҡ
ϲЦտô˵˵Ҳ˵Ǹˣǰҵ˺ã˺á
˵ֵۼģ˵ôֻʲôҪǣ壬вϣҿҪȥʣôŮġ
չǿδӦúúã˵㡣
˵ҪĶû˼ǲϣ֮ʧأҪô˵ˣָһ飬ǾģؼңΪˣ㵱ҵŮ
չǿЦѣֻŮѲѾ˵زȻΡȻĸпǷҲֻʲôӦ﷼˺ľҪϾĹϵһʧ֮⣬Ҳûжĸܡ


 72 

 һæ, ˸, ͷ, żȥӴ֮⣬ȥȷ, ЩֱЩϲزΪ۵ĵֱ½ܷһļ۸ȥ
ʱԼûҵģⱲҲˣ֪ȻƾļʶҲ޷Լ¸Ϊ׸ʲô, ǳ롣׬ǮҪõˣչĿͻ, һССֵ, Ψһһδͻ, ҲǸֳĸŮֳ֯ԱԼ, һĵȷ
һû飬ȴˣԽԽ, еҺϴһڣеĸԣ˼ңԼҴһڡٲȻѾҵ, ӳܹ֤ӵСשҤҡһ䣬˴ӵשõͷķֺ졣
ӳҵѹѾɹǴ峤˶ˣһʱ֮䣬򾮳ǮݵӳĶȻڸӰæ˶ˣ̶שҤŲСŰ񡣿һҲףڳӺææȥСϱһö˿ô٩
һһĨӣҲϾҪˣ˿һЦﻹϡ
ɫ죬Ϲҵ·ϣӸһһˣһھҪשϣǲܿףʱÿҳԷֻשǮһשһǮһǧ飬һ׬ʮǮְܷͬٷ֮ʮһ¸ҵģʮ˿顣
һڴЦ·õʲô˲õĶЩ춼ں򽻵۵϶˵ˡ
һ־ݺݵĲɵϣôѽȵڼװĶࣿܳȥȷΪֹһǧıǮһС룬Ѿȫ˱ʣµľǴˡ׼ڻ꣬Ҷ·ϰߣʱݺݵһʡ
죬ֳӵǲɾģשҤ˿Ѿˡֺˣ֮ǰò׵ı죬ȥ
סԼҵ֣ģǲһǸǼùġ
ůӵסһƲסеͷָɰֽһˣʲôùù⣬Ǯͺѽƾı£ʲôŵȡſǻʵڲΪʲôҪеԼԼϹĵ򾮣ҲЩҲôۡ
Ħſһ֣˵Уںڰõġ㿴ǲ˼˶򡣱ѹ˾ҪԿ࣬Եÿп࣬Ϊˡ˵һֻȥĨһᡣ
һȥĴ֣϶̵ûţԼҲˣҲ˳ӵ˼
ǮļǲֱװүȻܶǮ˴򾮻õءЩƤƤǣӣҲҪؾصĽһӸ磬߽һ塣
̾û취޼漦޹湷ɶҾͰæ¡
һԸߴͦε꣬ıֱֱͦģȻۣǾϵġϣһĶһϣ˶ϣ

ӵҵȻֹǴ򾮣һ˼ҶҪ飬Ҫ··ҪõשȻҵӣ˵Ҫһש֪ܲճ
ҵӳʲ򾮵שܲգӳشשգֻҪ򾮡
ССשҤҹͣæˣŶӡ
չǿˣչǿΪʲôӦҪأΪչǿǲͳӴ򽻵ģֵ֪ܣ֮ޡڣ޷ͷ
ģ˵ģΪշ֮ǰϷҽ˺öʳֻ֮˼ˣ＾㶼﷼Ƕɻڼûйֵ֣ʳҲޣ﷼Ȼȴһûнķ˼㣬ﻹֻһµĿԲ꣬Ҫֱ˵
˵ˣչǿֻίίˡ
ֻҲˣչǿ֮ԭɻ˷·𿴵󾰶һ㣬סĳһֳӿٿչǿȻ͵Ц
ӺͿһʱשҤ͵ЦģҲֻչǿˣһЩܲˡתͷĸ׺䤱ģȻשҧ
ں䤱֮ʱһͻȻǿ磬æҸˮˡ
﷼ĸ
˵Դ﷼Ϊչǿļ֮󣬲ûжϾ˺չǿڼѵĹϵʮ̹۴ҲӦʮִ󷽣ڱô룬ǾǱ˵ˡ
չǿ֮ǰҲΪ﷼ûʲôĸɫãҲ¡ʧҹ֮Ƣһֱã﷼ĸ˵﷼ģΪȻ﷼δޣľˡ
ʱ﷼ҵϹĵص˵Ŀⶼۼ﷼ϣеܰšһˣ﷼̬ҲһЩãʲô

չǿ﷼ˣΧȺʱǿҵİ֮⣬˲û軹أͿʼ
﷼ڵصʱ򿴵ǸҸȷ֮ǰʱˣϸܿġ
ǰ»ʱǳŶ˽գ˵ǹǿôһĪʱѾ˹ǿ
ͺñȹ׽еļӣֻҪ˼Ʒò͹Լˡ

ǷЦĴ̶ʱҲǰ֯һԱǰڼﶼ˰ԵĻ᳡ֻϽ۵繣סһ㣬Ѫ
˵չǿ﷼ԶԶû˵ĵطʲô
֮вͷ֮⣬﷼ίʳˣҸ͹ֻһС룬岻ã᲻ʳ֪ģ´Ҹٸ͹Һòװᵽſڣȴڹţ˺üˣ֪ɻҲ֪㣬Բ𰡡
﷼ҧŴίʳ͵ſڣߣˡˣ׼ʳʱ߶أ˵ˣҪпգȥ衣ˡ
˵ίȴ͸¶ζ
չǿͷһ㣬һʱס֪λӦۿӰԽԽԶƽһ㣬Ҳأ·ûκһ㣬չǿûɵĻˡۿӰҪ䣬תǸ֮󣬽Ҳʧһ㣬ǿҵԤӿͷ
첽ǰȥס﷼ĸ첲
﷼ת֮Ѿ棬ʵģסԼչǿ֮۵һ˳˽չǿĻ
չǿԥľ֣ƼԥڵֲʲôƵģ˻˵ıϡ

΢죬һŮ֮бϣǰǴׯı˼
Ů˵ļϣ˵ʲôһûһµḧŮ˵ͷ
﷼չǿոһһһޣô֮ķ飬˵֮Գ
磬ҸոΪ㲻ҪˣôôģôôңЩ죬ҿ㲻֪ҵжܡ
չǿԶγܣǡ
û˵꣬ͱ﷼ס죬˵ˣң˽ģһҿĽƬ˵Լɷʧˣʱûгϣʵȥ㣬㻹ǵ˵ʲô𣿡
չǿĻʱķӦ
﷼صһЩ﷼Ǳ۸ˣһֱ˵˳˵᲻ǽ˰
ʱԼһӻˣʧȥǰȫļ䣬ĵһ˾﷼ʱദ˾Ͳһ㴰ֽˡ
ʱĵҾҿ϶ûн飬Ҫǽ鰡϶һԼرϲģرϲأʧȥ䣬ҲģҼʲôûУ֤ҵ˰ɣ
ȻЦֳһƬ
Ȼֹչǿεסͷ֪ãҵĴҲö飬ڣеĴƵϡʲôӺɷѾⲽأҪٹ㣬̫ˡͿһǱߣȥͣģһġ
˺ͺ繡
һµѪȻΪΪ˰ҾڵӣĲŮͷ


 73 

һ, ԸȥשҤǱ, ǵúͳһ򾮡
Ѿ˵˺û, ҲȰֻܺúõĸͷ, ¾һҪעⰲȫȥһСʱҾ
һЦü䣬ӦˡȥשҤʲôõģשֹ֮ͥ£ֲʩչռĺôںڰģֻݵһ˰ľ, ܺúõķĳѽ
մǿԱЦĺģ»ֽҲأ, ھǿһ㡣
˲ϵ¾, ܲ
ڳӺմǿȫϹ, Ĵ, ڶϹǴ򾮵ٶȼӿ˺ܶ࣬һھںһھ, һˮȫİװã±ɡ
һѾĽҵľͷ˹, һͷ׬ǮΪ˲ȣһ˶ʮɳӽۣÿǮģ׬ģһ֪׬ǮΪ˵֪ĴҪʮ顣
⣬¹ʱѾɫ죬ԽԽӽ죬ҲԽԽ䣬һһӣ˵쵽ˣ֮ܺúõЪһЪˡ
˵ţﱻһСͲͲ̵״ŹһոµĴŽᣬš
һųӡ
ɬҸӳǰ֧ȡģҪ飬ҪĶ̫࣬Ǯ
ۣһ۴Уӳǰ֧ȡʣȻƣӳô£᲻Ȩֲ
ʱһ뵽һıĵĲˡһΪ⣬Ҹӳ˵ˣӳֱӴӶͳӦ˽ǮôǮװ׵ĸң϶ҪߵġСԹϣôıһҪࣿ
˵ţڿһϣһԹϱ
ڵڶ죬ӳȻҿһ߰İѳǰ֧ȡʣˣÿһ׵ķֺ죬ҪǮ˵ˡ
ǿһһ֪ԭίԴӶӳĵеõֻ࣬ΪӳƭǮġ
ӳʮԪǮɾ״·ڴСڵ¶ǵõһ֣Լ˵ˣԺӵĹʶǰȡʮ飬һһ
һһЩ죬ʵӳͲԺһ׬ʮ飿
ӳٺһЦשҤĻʢǲܡ
ӳԳӣԳӻҪţȻˣҲòܣϾԺĳӣǹܳǵ׸ȫҲŵŵġϱߵôߣⱲҲȥ
ʵһȫȱʮǮȥһƥȷ׬ȶʮ黹ҪǮչ鲻һģҺڵǮ׬׬ģɲһ
õǮһܺһͰ̷ۣһֻ󹫼ԼҳƥбƲһƥصɫһƥǴƵİɫֲϺʵͦױΣá
õĶϴ裬ëë̺УϲֵıƿѾ׼ˣЩŲ׼ҲûʲôЩƷǿӲҶýǰʡ÷Żˡ
ģǸţ׼Ľ鴩·˳ŲȥչǿңȥңȵԷʱ򣬾ͽȥӼңȥҵĻ˷ߣ߲ѵġ
˵طţһĸоһЩһ
ţЦһЩǿ۾ģԿȷǿ޹
տһһͻĿɲʱ
ˣһӲͷƤûз֮ʲôֵա
ó˵ҺͳӸĲϣȥ˴һҪͣͲ˰ɡ
ɫ·˵õĳ޵ʱˣɫġ
һֱŲû˵չǿʱڣȱߣȰѻ˵ˣ߲١
˵ǰãֹһʲô¶ˣ
ֶԿһ˵㻹¶ɣϽȥɣ
һͷվߡ
չǿȴ˵Ҫ﷼飬﷼ĲǹⲻҺͼϵģ¶Ҳֲ˭ֻܹײӣ벻ǡ
һͣסˣ˵ǽͽ£˵С
һԣӱǿ﷢һߣȻǲܽ谭
չǿ׵ҪǾöԲ㣬˽ţ㶼ѾҪˣôӦνˡϣܰȰȰ衭
һ˵Ҳ֪뷨˽ƾʲô㣿ȴ˵֪ν֪Ҳ㣬ôʲô£
չǿ۾һģ㻹ϲң
ܣһķԵĶģһθ»ǵһΡ
ûôȥ˵ˣ㿴˶ĵġ
һ֪չǿü֪֪Ǹоſ棬ҧ˵Ƕ˰
Ҳ̫ΪˣҪһ𣬱˹ܲţǱ衭үңǻǷУҿ㶼ӱȣû˧ûģûӶ˷Ҳˣ㻹ֲ˼ȡ
չǿ˵ס֮󣬿һ˵̣ԲסӸͬҲ˵ġ
㶵ģ˵úã֪Ǻúӣ㡭
ʲôȴ˵һûȥµظ´ʲô¶ͷ˵
һݵıӰʧźḧϣ󳹴һ˵ͽɣҲóһҲһҲȫΪһƽ
˴ϲһƽģʱȴЩ졣
ŵģ
һͷ·Ƿʲôصһ㡣
չǿõ϶ʱϲĸʲôƵģ裬Ҿ֪ã﷼Ҳܺõģһദ
ȴܶһ߶߶˵﷼ʲôôĻ˵ˣҪƤҲǹҪƤҲǹֻҪǾԼˣԼˣҲùܱ˵ĭ絽ϣԼɡָָϣ͵֪ҪģĺãҸ첲ֲȣΪѵĶأҽǵ㣬ûø˳ԹĵȻò̵ġ
ͦǰλչǿȻͬһ㣬Ծ͸һϲ棬ȴֱѿĺ޲иطȥĸһº͵ˣ﷼ϲ֪ٴɥĻ˵ˣκһΣ޵ݡ
裬û﷼ӴԺԺˣ֪жˣġ
ˣĸ׺﷼ദǢȻһ˿ĸף裬ҪٵҺ﷼ĳ̣˵ҶӵĴɣײӣŴϵġ 
ȥһ仰˵


 74 

, ҳʲô, ڱ˵ҶӵĻ, 룬ҵʲôŶ, ھͺ﷼ȣʲôվ﷼ǱߣҪ˼ңô죬ﻹûԼվŵĵط
̾˵ҲˣǶһ˻⣬ǵȫ¶, ûǸߵڰ׵ı£ָ¹Ҳ˵ǽҵǻ, Ҳ˵
ԭһûʱ, ĸִ, չǿ﷼ѾĻü, ǻû֪⼸﷼ĴʣչǿŸĸ, Ѿ﷼һˣϣĸܹ½ رʵĸ﷼ǹߴڵġԼʧҪԭ
ŭû, ˵㻰
ڽţһˣչǿýìͷ׼˿һµĲǱ˴𣬶˴ǣΪ˿һƽ﷼ȥˣôֻҪһ˵ʲôﻹб˽ء
ǰ˶ɵӰ˱˻ҪԣˡҪƷ
һȻ˳⣬ҵţڶĶһļƤȫǱĳġ
˳¼ңҲڣѵõģϢ̰ҩأֹȻ̵
һȽϺ̷۸̿ˣȻǸ˼ҹĿʲôʽ·ȻٲĶַһȻʮֵĸˣһЦ˺Ρ
һųҩչǿļŶ˵ˡ
ҾԲ˵һ仰ģޣʲô鰡ɵƣҰТ˵һллһ쵽֪鰮ģں﷼õϣġ
ǿһĵ
һô˵һͻĪǿһȻչǿ˼ɣǰ꣬ҹ￴һչǿɽǮǻʮּᶨ鰮ʧȥ˷磬룺չǿһľ֪鰮ҪСȥǲǺչǿһˣ
룺ӺɷôܾСأֻҪϽ˶ĽȻصĸˡ
ţĵͷ·˵Լ
һͷ˵ҲðɣǸչǿǵ˵һģҵʲô뷨˵һĵһ뵽ҾͶĵĻš
һȫǹȷӦˣҪԴϱӵĴѡԴ¶֮ʱ̲ںڣӺģ᲻Ҳ̬йأͻȻ뵽ȻһжѾ޴ӿ֤ˡ
һڳӵĶУȴûʲôȷӦûʲôƲ˼ȫȫľ֮˵Լôأ˵ںԼԼᰡ
һ֮лһ֪޾Ȼ˵չǿĻ
***
ôۣչǿ﷼ȻĿŵߵһŮһǲһģһǰһ󣬲һľ룬ѵķߡһ۾ܿʲôϵʵĻչǿ󷽷Ļش𣬲ۣҲֱ߹ȥ
һùЩ¶أҲˣֻҪչǿԼǰһж˵
שҤæڵڶڣũУׯСӶæµм֪Ϊ˶׬һ㹤֣Ҳɻˡ
չǿһ͵͵ܳȥҲϰΪһڼƷֱϣչǿֺ˸棬˵֤Ǹ˲ӣˡ
˵ôӣôҲðСʱ
һ˵ӣǰСʱΪǲƹֵİȻСϼأ嵽ʮ뿪λ
ǰ⼸ѾкüˣһߵǰɫСĵʵ̣ôҲ˵һ˵չǿʳͽţ͵궼ù
ѾΪˣǸĴӳӵĽзж̡
ܹܵ˵ҲûãҺ뱲ָˣԼܸɵʱɵɡԺ̸вУ
һһ⻹һἰҪ飬ǰ˵ЦǺǵţڸ䡣һĿЦĿڷᣬʲôѴ鷳ӣԲ˵
һĵͷ˵ãڿأʱչǿʧ֮Ҿ˵˰һģ⻰ʲôʱյпķ仹ţʲôûж˹Ұᶫ
˵ĴһٺЦΪһЦ˭֪һ¹һؼҽݣĶʰһաгˣںš
·ӴˣǿһкԺסæø
һæɹˮʲôģשƷֵĹҲڸɣȷæĳԲϼȷ
ںοЦʱĨһ۽ǡ
һѳӺͳ̶һԷΪӷ硣
֣ḧֲڵģʱǸʮָմˮ˶ָָϸࡣ
˵ҾǿиڹȻ˵ſ˳һۡŮ˶˼иűĶӡԺſģóԳԣúȺȣСһСһ컯ǿߵģͶ㿪ϹǺü̡
ս̵֣ңû̺úӣڶҳˣҲûʲô˵ġָС鷳ˡ
ǶСһţȴǼֱͦٱ˵ұȣأǣռ˱ˣǺúӣʵݣ˵ʲô鷳鷳ģ̫ˡ
̲ʹḻ仰ͽĿ
һȵĳ˶ٷոսӺͳȥûãſˣһѾϴ裬˼򵥵޲˯ȹͷء
Ϊǳȥǰţ㶫ڲŷְ
һţȴչǿ
չǿ̾Ҫţģԡ
һľͷբֱõչǿ
ҼûͲܽл˵ƨš
չǿ˵ˣҲûʲôãһһ½Źϣ֣С
չǿȻӵߣӳӳҲĲУְάͺƽֻ˵״Ӳ˵ģûӸ״˵˲öġ
סĶסĶԸģ»ҲԸ㻹⣿
չǿ裡
ӳ°ͣ£ȦչǿһչǿƵôˣʲôÿģ
ӳڿǲС
չǿˣʱ򣬻ҪѰ
ӳһ̯֣ҪС費Ҫˣңҷǵô˵ȥ㶼ʮ˰
Ķӣôܵ˼ң
\"ɶء\"ӳΪ´ɸ˵ھӣһһŮŮŮסӷߣһڵģ˼Ⱑ


 75 

չǿܱ쵼, , ܵھ׵ĵط, ûеõκ˵֧֣Ҷˡ
»ƶǶĺ, ǵסɶ
չǿҲ֪ҪؼסʲôܾΪһɣ˻ţͷ
Ҳ˵˶ȢӸɲ¶ˣ˵Ҳ㿴ˣֻҪҪɶ¶ܿ, ǿˣҳҲûɶ˵ģҶĳ󡣡
һЦ, ͷһμһ, ͦ, ϱҲչǿ﷼¶, ʱ﷼ֵȱ޴ŵķҲǳػ, ڰӲû﷼һˡڣһжϡ
չǿܵǰҲ, һԼĿԣʾȥ˱˼ңϵТҲ٣ʹһøҲ
Ȼˣһߣһһǰ£Ҳͦ˵ġ
̾ҡͷĺöӡ˵գҲûԹ԰ȥˡ
˵չǿؼ֮﷼ͷɥӣģôˣȵչǿ˵ԭί֮﷼̾ˡ
磬Ϊĸ̫ˣΪң̶̣ˡ﷼޵ĳ˵һҪĸãð̿ôҶ飬Ȼͽˣ˵أ
չǿһ£뵽԰﷼һ¶ոЭ¶һ軹ôֱܵһǶס
ǵʱںĸ׾֣̽﷼һˣڱ˽ʱ˵һ䣬΢άһ﷼ҵӶȥȻͱˣȻû뵽ԭ

չǿͷɥ﷼§סļ򣬰룬һҪĸãһҪڡ
**
һֶһˣָֻƽʱĽ࣬˰æˣҲ˰æŪԺһصĲˣԺļѼָױ»ĶҪҪƾǵһЩʶ˶ܰõ
һǮָ֮£˲ٵĶ
ӵשҤսæµûиͣЪʱ򣬾򽻵ҶͷģΨпһȥƷֵʱ򣬴ĸɸɾѾӽ죬Ȼñ۰׵°ϣбһӤʡ
һһ㣬ĺ·ͻȻһЩשҤϣŮ˵۹⳯ȥһϱӽչĿ⣬Ľģʵģ͵ģĵĿ⣬˲֪١Щֻ֤ıÿˣ߱һ㣬ϵµˡ
̹ȻӾòܣóԼ·ȥשҤ·Ūˣ洩һ¡
һĽӹ·˵ǸԼ£ȴµģ·ŻҪġһĽ·óԼĲϡ
һƥȷ棬мƥɫĲϣӡȾղ꣬ȾĺۼǳǳһƬ·ǲɵģȥóá
˵ɾ͸ɣڶȥשҤʱ򣬿һģһϥǵĳˣ˶·档ȫʲôߣٴñӣֻ¶һСȻ⻹꣬һóһֻ֣ϣֻ¶һ˫۾
ǰһ·ͦõģ·ɻʱ򴩣϶رĥ
һ۾һⲼҲ֮ඣʵĲƥ˼ҵĺûΪǵģţԼҲˣøʮģԺȥĺôǿǳ˺ðѽ
´󳧳ҪҪҹһЩϣأ
һⲻשɻȻŹָɾʮ㣬ײǴĵͬ͵ģֻģûһ˿СѾͷȴ˽š
̸ʹֹȥһһԼдˡ
һţȴǿ÷츸ĸĽãһֵģЦӯӯĿ²һһ⣬ûýţʲô
÷˵۰˵ˣд㣬һЩ

һʮƣԭȲ˵˶Ͼϵ⳪ĳ
ƷѣҲϡһ˵
÷ɫʱѿ񳯳Ʋȥ˵»ƣ˵ֱӣҲ̫ˣ֪㲻ȱ۰һ飬һ⣬һֱģҪô˵жİ
һͷЦˣǲԲǰôҵģʲôʲôˬͷҵȻҲѧģҲֻڿ¼ǰ㲻õĳӻ˶ҡ
һתͷԶɻĳȻһЦ
ڴȰ̵£÷ôйԵˣļĸȻûкɫһȻҲÿɫĸң϶ʾãһסݺ⡣
÷ÿһЩʶôĽһǴˣôôɡȻתߡ
˵ʵڵģ¼ҵĶһԾĳԲžһ£һӵ÷ĽűߣȻŴϣǻǰ˵õģϾϵ⻰˵ģǱˡ
ԭ÷дŸ߸ĸԼĽ˵˿һδ˳ӣӣ˼ĻȥһЩǮ
˵¼ҸĸһŮŮТ˳ҪģģȻϧ̽ŮŪسǣڳҵǿ¼ҸĸŮźܴϣŮѧߣû飬سǵϣġ
ǿ÷˵˿һ˻ĺãЩڵ¶ľˣ˿÷ǰͣ̽һ̽ڷ硣
÷ûȥʱ򣬿¼˶ɫ
ʯյĴأôôһǣ
ʱǿѧ˵Ļ˳ʡʲôǣǲǸ㣿˵һ㶼ãȲҴ㣡
ʯСƨ˵ľ㣡
ʯôԹдŹȥȥ̳µĵȷֱӼĸ˿һ
һյʱǿЦãʱѾ¹˶ĵһѩ䣬שҤһשҲѾ¯ǲٿˡ
ׯСＸҾһھشԶܵͷˮӾѹˮȵģſˡ
̻ͳӶڳ𣬼˵ͦõģ˭ģ
һŵݸӣλ˵ԭĸҸġ
һλ˵ˣλȴӦһ˵Ͼһ϶ġ
˵ڡ
һЦˣгӵĸȻҲû˸ڡ
˵ţ˳Ӳ𿪵ſҲЩˣԲܵҲˡ
Ůҵȥʱܸ˵ЩǸжѽ뵽ʵһЩʧġӣǸĸԵǳˣҲûа취
ùǵȷĳŹϸо˰죬˵ͦõģʱ򲻶ԣ֮ʱ򴩡
һ룬͸ǳĸһʱ򲻶ԣˣڻţ˰ɡ


 76 

 һյô֮ͲǰĸԴļ, ֺͣ, Ȼ·һ޵׶һ, ǶԷһֱûзӦĻҲ, ǶԷżһͷԼãԼĸֵõģǿ϶ܵõһЩĸġ
˿һ÷ʱרŽס˵лл裬ĳҺϲ
÷һЩ, ûκõĲ֪飬Լʧ룬˵õ, һ
һЦ, ǻרŸд, ûջ, ׼ͳӽ飬Ƚæҡ
ǵȻ, Ǹûйϲأףǰúϰ
Կ÷ı, мŵζᣬǻðɣǿܽܡ
һȤĶſ÷ģ̳еĵȷˣϧҽʱǶ죬ܴϡ
׳𣬿ԴģһÿҪˣðױ
ͦأһ̼֪÷ҧ촽ˣ̳϶ҪǮڼͦԣİɣ
ԣ˵ģһԣдž߿࣬÷ţѾƲסۿˡ
ãӦõġ
һͻȻûȤˣ⸱Сӣ·˭۸һŮ۸ʲôһĹҫӡ۸ôĳһ㶼ûзߺ޵˼
ǼⶼǴҵΪʲôôαء
һҲôȤˣļ򣬸Ų̫ʵѣһѹͷ椶Ҳˣ̫ϴʱˣÿһ˳۲١
ˣȡسȥɣⲻôĵط

˵߿ҲˣŮΪڹ̫ãĲȻϴѧ֮쵼᲻÷أ˵λһֱΪš
ʱĿһ̾ϢʱѾչǿ˴ﴧһȻû˼߿˵߿һݹòسǶ
ǵͿ÷תʱȴĿ÷ˣԼĺˣĿ÷˷ĵطȥ
ԽԽˣĿŵһЩС⣬Լֹ֯ĲñɨѣȵȵȵȣŻ𳵣ȥүڿˣܶ٣ǸһһΣģͶ
һϢӵĵñӿժ
ӵĸҲǸԲյʱգкˣͰǰԺеˣͰںԺǳңֻ˵¼ģǲȫģġ
֤飬һЩǮһЩ
ͬ־ǰǼЩأѾչ鼯УҲ֪ظĸ֮˽ǲӵصġЩǹ鶼Ѿ˳ֵĹЩǣЩɹҳϵģ黹ǸˡȻЩ϶ǲģڲ϶Ҫġ
ӷǳ㣬ЩҪĲҵͳͳǮ¡
˼ҹ˻ʵĿϵ˼ˡ
ƽĹģ׵֪̾¶ֱţȻǼƽˣԭ乫ĶҲ˼ң
ֱߣһǲţһʱ˵ƽˣֵ˼ҵĵزҲû˼ңôֵø˼Ұˡ
ɹ˳ˣô˵ԼĹضԶ뵽Ⱥ֮Уһ١
ȻеϲƵ˼ǲԵģǾ죬ںʲô𣿵ĴΪġǲԵġԶڼ壬ҲõģѾۼ۹򣬴Ȼš
˵гˡ
һϱӵǵ¶ֻûôƴҲûôˡ
ֱ꣬¶ˣп￾˵ҪϹͷţӸø˺ŪȥʱСô֪Ǽһʲôö֪ʱҪ䣬ȥЩʣµĲ½𵰵Ľĸھ㻹ʮ֮һ
ȻһģŹ棬ȻǧлģԼҵĲҵһûٱ̬ȻҪá
̫̫ôӺͿһ˵ģڻȥһԺͺùһЩлҵͰңǻǲһģǺúӣ֪㲻ĶҲһЩҵװǸǵĵ
Ӳ֪θ룬ǿһͦҵģΪóһۣһ㣬㣬һ㡭
Ԫʲôǰʮøոտŵʱеĸڣô׵ģͼ޸Ԫ
һһӣҲΣϾ֮ͨ͵ټĴҲû
̵ſһ棬۽˳ӡ
ڶﻹûȣתһ
һһۣӻȥôǮôá
Ͻˣҵľġ
㲻һʾ޿˰ܻسﻧڣݹԶ߸߷ɡ
Цţȫ͸ĵף˵аܵʱң裬̣ܡ
һ۷ŽԼĶûжԼܣŲء
Ҿʹ̣ж̣һܡ
ðɣһĶ˵ĶԣǮܸ˵Ǯʱʮ㡣ûбιĸоһֻһůؿڣţɡӴ֮ҲһԪ!
ɺ飬ȴ޴кôǮȴ֪ôɳ˿һôǮӸשֺ죬ֽ뻨ͻų֡
ⲻϿˣչҪǮģҶŷǮأһγׯСӵĴһһЩǮΪשҤõǳׯɽҳյġ
ᣬһЩȾ˵Ĳó˴ĸŮһЩ
ȻһҪܳȥˣĲϲɫΪ˹ʱõġ
ȥ·֮ǰȥ˽֤Ϊ˵֤ҾܸһȥˣĹ˿Ҿ˵ǷޡȻô㣿
һҲûһȥǰҲͷ¶档
û˵ź챾ЦĿġ
Ҫһȥѽ㲻±Ӵסˣ
Ҽǰʱң׼ҲƽˣҾã¶һҪģҲһȫǻģ˵أ
ǵȻˣԺǹҿ϶žãһȸ㿴ûǹ˵ŶãǼⷿѻɽǼƻõĻˣСı߽߱ǽչ˲أֻҪ͵͵ģЩ˴סͺ


 77 

Դӿʼ˴֮, ˺ٳ, ı仯, Ҳ棬վԱߵĽֵ, ĿŵС̯ڶ۶һըǸ⣬˽ȵġ
ȻǹӪķ갡ͷͷ˵Լչӵģûɶ¸ɣöӸһ¯ӣ̯
ζֲô˶ԡ
Թ, ˾Ϳʼ֮ãʱ, ̳޿ȡ, ȻС
һվǰפһ, , ֻ಻٣ĽĿһ̳ɵĴţ˿ѽ, ͻңѵǮ͵ˡ
֮ȥ, Ҫ˵˶࣬רŵĺж࣬ܵУﲼϵССһ¶վˡ
ʣѽ
ѽ˵գһε۾ųӣһνҵţʲôļɰɡ
ȻŶһ˵Ҳòң棬ǼҵģȥҺܿͻ
뿪֮󣬿һ˳Щƾó˻ˣҶʶ˭Ҳ֪˶ٶ
ĺ˳ʱ򣬳ĲϵһȥѾտҲһĲϣ࣬бƲ޲ڵģ޵ģҪʲôʲôġõĻǻ֯ʣµ޲һһѵû򣬿һֻ²۴ʱ˲ʶ
һ̫̫Լҵ׺컨бƲһ˴˵˾䣺ð

һæ֮۾һ򣬿Ǻһӣŵ߰ĸֵԪǴϲġ˵ùʲô¶ֲһеģҲûҪѽ
Ѳ̫̫˶ˣȥѾԱߣϸһЩô£
ٺ٣»ƣ𣿡˺ǺǹЦÿһԭ콨
һ磬ôҲΣͷҲ꣬ĺܾûˣȻҲϲ㡣
콨̾ʼ˵ԭŪһΪ֮ϲװһ֮ôҲ죬ÿҲȫµģõġ˽һҲȫҶѾȥ˼ҵǮȥǮǵûֲðЩˣ˲ѪΪ˶Ҫ˵ģֻܶƽʱҸеģܰＷѹĶȥ
һҲ콨ֵ̾չʾԼͬ
콨ʣֵڸɶأ𣿡
ܸʲôѽڼɿ˼Ҵأհ˽֤ûа¶أȵµʱһ֪ͨ㡣
֪ͨҾͲˣֵܵһ⣬ţҪ˵ҵȥǷ˵ţĴӶͳǮݸһ
һԥҪҪգʱûҲϲ˭ʣλǣ
һĲҲĲˣһ𵽹Ӫ꣬棬ˣϸϸɡ
Ǳ˴˿ŶԷû뵽һڶ涼ڸпʱ죬֮콨ĳѾһûԷ˵˲ϣһ֮ǰ콨Ƕĸ˵ˡ
üͷ˼콨ôңһ˿ڣȻ뵽콨ſ÷żһΪһ˿˿ĺڣҲӰˡ
磬Ҳ˽𣬻˵ϱȥ˲ʶ
콨ڳԱ㣬Ķӣ˵ǿɲУֵܣⶫǴϱһһ㱳ģٱȥԭȥ·ѣڲֿıܷѣȫ˽ȥѪ޹鰡
΢΢̾ϢͿһһۣȻ͵ʹ۾ϵĲиˣź˵ҲǣҾףֵ׬Ǯɡ
УԱűʳǴɴţ죬ΨһǰģӲɽĳһСسˮ콨֣ǰҵСѾ˳ȵĴˣһ˿ĴɽװѾȥ˵ƿԵһС
Լľһ˲ԥǸߵ˵Ϣݺݵ׬һʣôȥʲô׬ͷ²Ҫ֮ǰ׬ǮҲȥŶԥһ˲ֱѹȥ
콨Ƥʣʣ˵ҪԼ緹
ʣµ˸ûгԼڣֻֽ棬˳伢
һ죺ô˰ˣ÷֡
̰İɣݽȥˡô̵࣬ʲôģȻôءӸϵĴǣĵ˵Ҳ콨ֻһ˰ˣΪģѾˣѵ̶ɣ
˳ԵıģҪ̳
ҲûʲôҪˣǽĶҶѾˡһĬһ飬Ա֤Ҳû©
ˣȥ·
ÿһĪǰ֮ǰȲĵӾ磺ҽĺܸˣľȥ˹ذ·Ҷ첻ʶŮˡ
һվ̳Ĵǰɫë£üõϳˣص·ȴأǳʺĳЩʽĳϴ
΢Цſ֮䣬ΪԼ˹ذֻ·ÿ̫ʵã˭ɫ·
ɫһƬڻɫ֮УۣܴȥģҪ봩ȥٵõȸ꣬ȵϱ߿ţŵķڵ֮󣬴ȥŲͻأ
·ĺܺʣӦûûɣʱȷĿӣĽɷˣ
ģ¹̨壬ôһ㣬ۻԱʮֵʣġ
һ˵ͽ鴩ôһأ̫˷ˣһͺܺãʹһΣҲ̫˷˰ɡ··ŻۻԱ̨һɫģɫһ
ۻԱҲΪϧ㴩ĺܺأԴ¼䣬ҵһμôÿˣԴţʱҲԴѽ
ˣԼ۱ҲǼ͵ģһҡͷȴһԵͷ
ۻԱ˴ţҲﲻԣģеģŨüۣһֻıֱӲӵɽװȻҲ̳ò򡣾תͷк˵һҲһΣĺÿһЩµĻһӶõģ·ĺãҲƭ㡣
кҲ˵һͷȥ̨Ʊɡ
ϣۻԱ·һһЦȥƱˣƱ쳣Ѹ٣˵ʱ򣬿һѾװ·ֽ
Ӳֿµģ͵ñûġ
***
˰ٻ̵ţһ˵ֱҲаϴʵС
ӣʲôǴ
һ
ʵڻûг𣿿һֻһ˵Ҳм޸Ǯ˵ʵС
ӳˣǽˣҾͶǮˡôô㿴·ϲͿ򣬲ԥ
һжˣ΢ϱ»֧ǣľóӾǸСɵϣǳԿôأҲҪŬ׬ǮóӵļҲƽˣ


 78 

, һͳӽ, ڹ֮ǰĻ, һϲģеϯ, ȿһһλֻҹԲ裬ʮϯ棬νݳˡ
˵ҪǰǼҪˮϯģ⻹Ǽء
ðɣô˵ǰ, һëӵĴ£ڴĳһͷһԼױ, Ϳ˺촽, ϱ, üëޡ, ٴҲΪġ
Ƶʱ򣬿һ˼ף˵Լҵ, ˵飬
һǻҵģһҪЦ, ҹҲǻҵģԼڲҲˡ
̺ͳʽᵽ˿һ¼ң¼ҵլԺȻһũԺׯ϶ء
ʱһ˾ڵһ̺סһǷסһ𡣿һеԺ˺סƻŸ¥ءҹԼ뷨˳ӣֵǻ𶯡
¼ҵլӣкܶշӣ˺ǾͰȥס
ŶסأһĶͷԼɵȻͱ
ôҪǿɵŬˡ

һ죬׳壬µ˼ǰмеʱһڹҲǿеӡ
һΧһ㲥ʱ򣬹㲥ﴫһĵϢҪгаƣҪȫΧڵĸĸеʾѾǳɹҪɹľƹ㵽ȫǼҵֹĻɽԳаȥ
һźţĳЩʼɶźš
һסĵļأƹ㵽ȫҪʱģǵϱӣ֮ſᣬץηֵء
ˣѩשҤֿԺҲڵĶˣֿʼæһȴ֪øɵɶȥʱѾ꣬ʲôأһûãֻܸųϹƣڳӸɻʱӣ˼ҼƼƷ֡
ӳƵһǰ»ƣ˵㲥˵ģﵽ¶
һҾģҲõôɣֻǹ㲥˵˵岻ǻû𡣡
ӳҲģҾǵָʱһȥģҶû˼ֵء
˵ǶʮǰոĵʱҲǰͷֵأʳֻҪ˹ˣʣµĶԼġûֱ꣬ˡ
һ֪һģܸӳ˵ӳô֪ģôش˵һһ
˵ڿţ˭û˼ֵѽȥҶ׬ͦģô
ӳһǿɲиģ֪䣬Ķ䣬ոտҽʳ档
һʵ˭öӳôģӳڰ֣˵ˡ
һؼҳԷʱ֪˵˭
Ǵ㣬˼׷Ҳθڴ󿪡һ׼Էʱչǿ
Цŵȥ˵Դչǿصķǵú﷼һ֮ټչǿɫûкù
⿪ΧȹҲûչǿţֱ˳ȥȥ֮󣬻ĵĹš
¿һ뿴ֶá
չǿʵͦεģҪθˡóӺͿһˣǳζʵŨ̲ס߽
ˣˣţϲоԼһֶһ㡣
ȻһŻһǳԵĸŻ
չǿ˲ɷףԼôĶģ
ʵһĲǿչǿģŵζŸоθġ˺㣬޵ζ޷ԡչǿǷеľǶͲڿһĿǷΧ֮ˡ
Բȥ㣬ҲԲ£ֻŷ˺ܶ׵˿ˡ
շ¿ӣͼˣ۾ġ
ôˣҲ˵ֻ˵û¡
ģסǼңѾ鷳˵ˣѵΪչǿ𣬲ô˵ǿһǰҲһ̣ǰǿ
˽ȴͬ˵ˣ˵ǸӲûϣֵʳͳˣҲûǮҪǮûҲûһС˵
ЦеģΪ⣬Ҫ֪ˣ϶һѵģǺǣùǿȥҤϸɻһٷء
ҡҡͷҲȥ㣬ɹģȥǸŮģԼԲ̸ء
Ǹ˵˵˶֪ӸǮ׬ֵˣйôӸȵġ
Ҹͳ˵ˣͷöأһʲôԲ£һԵĶһЩ˵θʳˣۿϵȥ
Ļ˵Ŵ򾮵Ķ𣬴һٷģһ»Ǯûй֡
аôУʮϲĴӦˣܶٻ쵰ҲʼһĸѽһЩɽ髣ˮݣĵĸ˵˼仰
ϣӾʹſһҽԺ
Ͻܿͳˣһ
һţϸ¾أ᲻ҽԺˡ
ʵôкӰоʲô¶ûأŶʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ĵ껪ȻҪһӣǵýҪŸ߿ˣʮ·ݾҪпԣѵⱲӸ߿Ҳϲˣ
һλ״ҽӰ칫ҳùı浥˿Ѫ죬ܳġһȻʩʩȻˡ
ϲ񣬼ˣҲܵ˿һ㲻ӣһʧ䣬Ѿ֪뵽ȥˡ
ѽģǵһ裬һеʱ黹ͦеģѵԼûи㹻İȫеԵʣһ˼һԼȻǵС˼ʵΪӴ
ǵһ㶫ɣƿСС·ʲôģŹǰɣˡ
˺öĶض飬г·ЩĵģгУҵһĦгĿһ㣬ҽ˵Ժкܶμ飬ÿ¶Ҫȥ⳵ӿɲС
ˣһĽѵгڳѾʷʹ
һĦгҲͦڴģ˵ɡ
ص˶۰Ͱ͵ĵأСڣһߣһϲҲʮˡӪƷǸʮþȡ
ȻӸ˱浥ظһһĻϲĸʲôƵġջʱ򿴵ɫѾЦ˻ææµµģ׼չ֣һӪˡ
չǿ˵ˣһȥ򾮣ϸɣ˵ʲôϡǲТӡ
ȻҲûа취ѵѹȥɻɣһˣҲʱʱ̵̿Ŀѽ
Էʱѵ÷һƣӾƱһˣһ˱ˣԺӱأ̺һӦȾһ
һֱһ龫ˮҲһٱˡʵԼҲԵģԼӦԼǾɣһ죬ģҲġ


 79 

ɺæ, ûһ˿һ, ÿȥҽԺ, ͬġ۵ĲˣҹȻҪǿ, Ϳһ˵һ
չǿûиųһȥ򾮣ǴǮ˵Ҫɳһҵͳ˵ˣҲû˵ʲôֻʣ˵Ҫʲôȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷˣչǿ˵
¶˭Ĭûи߿һϾǰ, ҿſһͶչǿ˵Ҳġ
ǿһ²մֵĿ»ƣÿȥĿ, Ȼͻؼ, ؼҾ淢, Ѽ, ٿͷ
ʱҲ㲥㲥Ҳһ춼ڲŵģʱز, һľûʲô˼ˡһĵĿ飬пαڿαҵȤ
һָһ, 꺢ӣպóһ£߿ʼ⺢Ŀ׼ʱδزܲμӸ߿
ŻԻĶӣճС˵ôμӸ߿ܲμӸ߿ˡճû̺ãҲдСһһٽ̵߰㡣
Ǽÿμһڿ飬Σ顣
ӻˮϴϴֽζĿ飬ҡͷЦǿαû˼´νǣҸС顣
һ鱾ݹëҲûôأѧϰӣҪҪѧһѧѽҾѧ϶õġש¶ҲΪҪؼң࿴ɣԺһлᣬԼѧأ
Ҷ쵱ˣ컹ʲôãӺٺһЦ¶һڴɵɵ
˼˵һɵ꣬Ǽɵͷˡ
ӶԿһ˵Ϊ⣬ֻԼڼįˣǵڶ죬ûȥשڼｫƩ񷭵صȵĻƶˣʡ˸ɲ
һǿ飬ǳڼңʲôģȥʳӣ飬αϷһ֪ʶʲôģ̾ͻˡ
ﰵԾѹ֣ϱ߿ǰ²ŵõ߿Ϣܿܳе״ԪôЩʲôѵģ
Ҳ߿¶ˣֻԼù
ڼ̫̫ͽȥɽҰˣʱ˼ûУ԰Ĳ˻ûɣƽʱֻܳһЩɻɽϵҰˣʹµĢĺáҶȥңҲøһЩɫ
һŶţȴڹġһĵĽӣȥ⿴ˡһȴչǿ
ʲôһûʲôɫչǿǿϵģϱճ֮˵Ҫһȴֲ﷼һͷģŮ֮ҡڲ֮󣬾Ϳˡ
裬ģġչǿֵĵʮӲ
ҪǮ˵㣬㶼ˣֲҪСˡһһԼĶӣĿǴȰ
ֹʲô£
£Ҿͱһ£ʮ껹ľӤ
Ĭ㡣
Ҫǰչǿ˦ˣǴʱչǿȻǷ˪ҲЩ֮ɫֻǻûߡѴˡ
һ飬ȥ
ʱ֣̫̫ˣ˵Цǿġһæȥǵջ񣬷·ҳϼСȻλ˸һЩҰӣɼһЩĢɫҰˣ԰ӳԡ
չǿվͷһ裬Ϊǵӡ
չǿȻҪǮģǰ˵ݣȿģҪǲڴǰ˵ĻǾ͵ûɶ£ȥɡչǿСϱƵĿڡ
裬Ǯ
***
㿴ڣʲôɸֵĿڣӣŴûϢѪһСڿȻ1
˵չչǿӣչѾɼңոճɼҾҪּҷֳȥԭԼ׬ǮҪһ֮ܣɡﶼ˵Ѫȣչǿо衣
Ҹ粻һģֻҪһ㱾Ǯܿ׬ǮТ˳ġ
ҲԱڿţ޷˼ӵϣﻰֱ˵Ҳ˵ʲôǮܲԼ㿴Լʲôˣ
չǿԼǰ۵ѣͷ͵ĸһЩ
ųӸɣ㲻⣬߲ɵͲ͵ģϴθǮʳҲԵһηˣһҪǲɵġ
ﻹһЩǮСӣһ̵ģܲûκεıʾɡһͳӲƽϣ̫̫ʲôأѵ¼ռ˵
˵˱Ǹ˱ĺӣҲ޷ȫȫΪչǿˡ
ǵ˵˵չǿչǿҲˣǵųӣͿһ棬չǿֻϻġ˵ҪǮҪһѾ˲Ҫ׼ƤȵϵʱȻоеʹ
չǿƲˣ֮ؿڣһҹ
أۣԼҲв̣緹ʱȻѾΣȻܿϵ㲡
һͳŵʱ򣬾ųӵĲӣ㲻£ȥˣҲ˼ĺá˵һ飬ҪǸҰҵĵˡ
Ӱſһ֣˵ãֶһ䣺Ҫˣ᲻Ҳң
Ϊʲô˵ǶأӻԼ͡
Ϊһ̷飿ΪʲôҪ飿ǲˣ
ƾôͣһȻһָӡ
ϻȥӻҪСֻͣǴȷûҪ˼ֻǼչǿеңˣû˼
еģ뷨չֻ룬תһ룬Ļ˵ȥ˵Լչǿͬһôһûкչǿ˼չǿԼͷһôҲֲ
Сĵĺ˼죬֤Բչǿһźһ㡣
һҲ֪ôˣǻˣطڵԭĵط룬׿ޣƲסԼ
**
˵չǿţϴǮȥ˵ӱȥ·ϱ˼ֻ˼رűǮ¶ҲˡܻرģʵѾʣëǮ
ԭÿνǣҪ﷼ԼᣬҪԷҪԵʳҪЩСŮӻġһͨûʣǮ
Ͷ·﷼ǰҲûҪάʲôˣչǿƹˤ롣
һ﷼ʱģﶼϡˮį̹һС
ûʲôǮˣҲ㡣ҪȻѰˣ˰ɣˣûϢ
չǿһ̯ʾԼΣҲչʾԼΡ
Ϊ﷼߿û뵽﷼ס
磬ⶼһʱģսĽҲʧܵʱѽҪǣҪվһԸ㣬㲻Ҫߺòá㻹Ǹڿ̤ʵи硣
˵鴦˫˫§һˣŮģģһ̹ļİˡ


 80 

չǿոո߿ûǮ, û, Ҫ﷼ˡ
֪ͨʱ, ﾻĮ
·ĳһûĸ֮Ķ顣
ߺ, ̾׶׳𰡣ֻһ²⣬͸ˡȢ˸ϱ
һ΢Цţû˵֪ôοʱվκһͬ, ͬ˼ҷ޳֮ʱȰ飬ת˼ͺˣȰǸⲻˡ, , Ҳȥ˵ѪŨˮĶӵĻ
չǿȷ, ֮ǰ, ֲûֲûչģһԴҲ벻, ˣһҲܣͷ, 顣
ҲԹ̫࣬˵ס졣֮չǿðõĶᡣ
ðĶҲܣֻǳˣȥ֡
﷼ˣչǿ˵ʹˣǽͲҪǮ˰ɣĻôһЩǽһЩҲˡ
չǿ߷ȻеʲôǮǽ飬һǮûиң
﷼ɫȻȴԹʲôչǿÿǷ
ⲻ֪ǮѾչǿըˣȻ֪ĵУҪԼһ·ģ˴뱲ӣɷȥӣ󣬲ȢϱǱֳô
͵͵ӺδϱĻ֮ʲôҲû˵͵û糣Ϲ¹һӪͣһȥչǿȥһˣʲôҪæġ 
һһȹ˵ҲȣĴ飬Ѿ֮һȵ֮һʱչǿҲ׼ˡ
ʱһڵߵҵǰҵûйϣ볨ţľˮṩӦΧļҳˮ˵׼ʲôʱˮˣûš
һİ˵Լǰһһʶսα
»ƣһڼ𣬳ֵڲڣϤ𣬿һ֪콨
ȥǰŴӴˣǰ治ԶȥһĶѾ΢Ի·Ҳܿһи
콨ҲãҪԼȥҳӵĻ˵˸Щծͨ籨ţֻ鷳һˣ˵˵ģ˵ˣҪ鷳
һ첽߳ȥ˵ʡá
߳ǸԺӣųһ콨Ѿ;ĩ·ˣһᷢʲô飬ӲΣǽ֮£ǿЩ뿪ȽϺá
һҵӣС˵ԭί̸ȥ쵽ŵʱÿһȥȥӦɽȥûĢæһЩ
һӦȥˡ
ӵĿӾҲǾģϻдСС㣬Ҳģһ֮󣬳Žȥ
콨Щ޷Ǿתûҵ˽֣ϢȴԽԽ࣬ˣΪ˽Ǯġ
콨˵ǮĻ֮۾ųӣնӵ̾ҪҪóӸۡ
ǳһƬγֻǵģΪѵż
ҴҲһЩǮһˣǮΪ˸̷ۡҪüأȽϼ͸Ǯ
콨յȭͷɿ˼Ǯ̻㣬ᵢӵġ
ЦЦתȥǮǮǿһڱܣ֪ʲôطƽʱļãһҲŵķǳϽ¹һ档
óǹӣͻȻоˣһתȻ콨һصƵ
磬ǣ
콨ĿֱֱĿǹӣ۾ССϡ
ûˣҿûůˮ콨ŲԵúǽţǮѣֲǲŸʲô
֪һůˮһһҪůˮǸСסԼ֣ӿ㶵ͳԿף˵ˮרŸиҩȵĻҵȻհɡ
ǹӣɢɢһЩƱƱҵȯвƱ۵ĻһǮ͸ƤţʮԪŽᡣ
һһʮ࣬ȥá
ûȳӵݹȥˢһ£ˡ
ֵܣллˣȥһӱ㡣
ȻŶ·ʳһ㣬뿪˴˴
һЩˣ򶨵ĽڵصĲŻԭǹӷŻԭ¹ɹϡԼҵţȥϹ
ɽµĿһĢճƽ϶жģȻ̷ֵһߵʱ򣬲ûмκ쳣콨ҲƽƽģǮˡ
һҲͲʣֻǹ˼죬ӲٿĳͻȻһ٣Ҫȥ￴ٹû죬һ˵ǸСĵүŸץȶˡ
ķ˵ʳ콨֣ûȻ˴ҵۣһʱ򶼾ò˼顣
ӣҼǵǼҵǮǮ᲻ˮƯ˰
Ժֲ˵ĳֱЦǮû׬ˣҲܱһԺܻأ
һһɣߵȴϣѽΣӻԱõءǮУһëǮûˣʲôġӿ϶˼д͵ĴˮƯ˰ɡ
չǿˣν񣬾һ̣﷼֪ӵңһȺȲ裬ྐྵӣԵǣˡֻиԣ˼Ҳڵϯ
һΪǰޣ׼ȥģǼæ̲֣˵¼ҵµľǿһˣǾ͸ÿһ档
ͳ棬ʲô˵ģתůһıװɫģĵɫ˿֣Ӻķɫ£ȻЩףִ֮ӱĿѡν˷ͷ
֪ôģ֮һͦĵġ
İͿİ͵ྐྵӣһȵסĸ첲ͻȻվԱߣ˵ڵĻͲôϲˣûһ𣿡
һྐྵӵĶͣ˵֪࣬ҼǵҲûʲôɣ
ץס첲ǿ÷˵ˣллģлңȻģܾˡ
⻰˿һȤˣʲôѲѵġɻϣ÷һЦԶֵȺƧ˵ǰ첻콨ңңǧҪȥܻΣգҵʱϹ֪콨ˣ˵ߣһΪ⣬Ȼûӣң˵ңԳ졣Ӹ˵ʱͦģŻˣôŵ˵Ҳڣû뵽һ
һʲôоһ
÷Ŀ񵥴·ʲô֪̾Ϣһ˵ʲô֪콨ȥ˳ӣ˳ˣǮߣ˳ӻҽԺء˵˳ӵļȥ淢콨ڳծ콨ץˣʲôˣǮɣ˳Ǯ
֮ллӡ
һ㶵ĵͷһʱ֮ζңȻ֪θ롣
صң˻ϵϲǣЦǺǵĽˣŮǱСأԸϲǻңѽ̰ǿ飬
һǿԼЦЦˣ̣ӽؼҳԷ
ķҵģ콨Ȼһ·콨ڴһµĺݾʱԤеģû뵽档Ȼ콨ɫѣҲйµ꣬ôġ
ǵһЦдϣŵĸһˮ


 81 

 , һֻĸ, 򾮵Ǹ˼͵ġ
ͦɵ, һھˣ˼һһֻĸ, ֪ˣרŸӪģá
ȥ֮󣬾Ϳһɫԡ
˳õɱ˼ſˮϴܰëƶǡ
̣ϾܳԵ, 㿴ˡ
̳ʹɫ, ȥĿһ
***
չǿĺ, ˵ʵ, ϲ, ȻһչǿѾ飬»һҹҲ֪һֻԼȻеĸо, һǰȻһݲѰ⡣
һܲãչǿй, һݿܣǳ⡣
һڴ̨ǰ棬ϰڷ飬ȴͷβûзĿģһְֻ΢΢͹Ķϡ
ı飬ӵ΢΢һ΢΢͹Ķӣѹĵ׵ĸ꣬
أûвģҽû£һˡ
һԼ˼ӵͻȻתͷеѾڸ΢Ц֮¡
żûʲô⣬ҵ¶Ҫ㡣
һ÷˵ˣʳԼɻ󣺡ΪʲôҪѿ÷ѽ㲻Ǹ˵ֻǽǮ𣿡
̾˿ľ˿һҲ߽ǮˣŵĲӦþ׼ҵҵͷϣӦø˳һ³ˡ
üĿʹΪյ飬˵Ϊƽ
һסԲҾȻΪϧѹһ£Ǹ콨ǻãǵǮûϵû¾ͺá
̽ʣղŲģΪ
ǻΪʲôڣģôѽ˵콨ȥˣͦصġ
Ϊʲô˵㵣ģ
һӳӳȵжһֺ壬ȥģ
˵ʾ䣬ʵѾ˴𰸡
Ȼӵͷˡ
ϱӵĳӣʯĳĲ·谭һã˳Ϊ֮۾˿ʰ쵵ֽӵʱ򣬱Щʧ档
ͻȻ֣ӿԼĿͻȻЩİ͸һˡ
̫ΣˣǮеһξеڶΣ˵Ҳóѵýһ䡣
һͷҶģӦõģҲ֪£ŻÿϧʵҸ콨ĹϵأҲܰ
һ˫갡һĬĬ롣֪콨кӵ˼ʱ;ȥһ㶼ϧˡ
һÿһ֪ԼıӡǵģԼӣ֪ٱС˲Ż¡Ϊ˿һδĺӣӵֶΡ
콨ȥˡ
ļƻ黹ûꡣûе֡ʱѾ̫ȥ£ڿһȣµòʧ¿һ֪ԼǸΨͼ˻ʧ
һųӵһðġ֮ܰһ£Ǽұ콨߶Ǯţ
Ӧû취ҪɡΪʲôծô
һ˵ڵ¡һȴϬ뵽һȥ
ĬĬصӣÿһ顣
ôˣңǷծǮ쾭Щӵʶ϶Ҳ˷ѡ϶ܰЩֵԲԣ
Цŵͷ˵öԡ
˶άԷŬһ
˼죬Ӵͽմǿһȥӡ
ˣ͸ɾϡ
մǿģǺкõ˳ӵΡһһ㣬ƴˣʲôʣͻؼˡ
մǿˣӽȥԭȥ΢һ¾ҵȺ˸ļһǳ콨ס˼ӵĵԪֵ֪Ǯȴû·ҲȥҲòˣѾ׼ǵˡ˳ٺòǳӲʲôͽЩŪ֡
ʵҪЩó˵
콨֮󣬲ûиʲôҲԭ콨ΪЩѾծ̨ЩϳһʡӲõĭЩֱϵͳ޷װһȥŲֹܿóò𰸣΢һ¶Դ˵оˣҲܵó𰸡
һĬĬЩŹ⣬Ǿȥɣ콨Ҳһȥݣ
ŶӣôУ
ôУҿ԰Ǳӡ֪Ϊɶȥô󣬻ô֮Ϊ׬Ǯࡣ֪ΪʲôմΪѡ
һ۾ģ޷ܾ˵ˣзǵĶû˿
˶࣬ӻ٣ȴǸϸĵˣ˻֮Ͳ̫ÿռˣǣһ
ҲУҿᱻ˷ֵġȥǸطʵ̫Σˡ
ҲУҲУҾǼİ£ߡ
һվб˳һۣȥշҲŲвУҾҪȥ
ʱŲˣԴӹ㲥˵ĳЩѾʼʵﵽƶȣ·ķҲſƵģҵѰôǮӵשҤɼǹֵƶȣĳ˸ֽ𣬴ٶǮгϵĴƾƱôôǮĹôͷء
Կһ¶ģҪȥ
̺һչһˣЩĹĵĹһЦʣˣ
ûǵȼһȥϷչˡһԾȥ⡣
׷ģôأһȥϱ߾ˣﻹһҪûһȥĶҶ㡣
ǿɲУҿ϶ҪȥģڲȥõɣԺȥͻ˵ѽ߻һСģҪûһҾͻȥˣѽӻҪѧûɲСҸ㣬ȳϣȥҪȥ
һһС˵ͷͷǵ
ĹǣһȥȥɡһʱۣǴ׿ĹһľͿȥˣ㲻Ҳûɶ£
ε̾ȵĿ⿴̣ϣ̳ȰһȰ
˭֪˵ȥȥɣֲǾᣬŮ˲ܳšѵϵĲˣ㻹ߣ˵㣬һûʱ򣬶дʱͿС룬Ҹɡ
ðɣŮˣվһսߣôҲֻܴӦˡ
׼ٳţţȫƱ
ʵӻûȥԶأֵһʲôŵ׵ġ˴ӵү򵽻Ҳûʱ֣ͣĻؼˡ
˴ʼնͨͨĺѰڹߣ൱ˡڽۣкܶƷó׸ҶĺܡˣһũСӣһеСӽǲûЩע⡣
Ҫ֪ʵϱߣ̺ž޴̻ĳУƻδ׵ĵطѪ¼
ֱϻ𳵣ص˼磬һŵĲŷŻض
ֿտյĻؼңڶ죬һȥվԱߵĲѣڳӵǰͷĸӶǶȻһƻؼҡ
ǿһ߿һȰѶģ߳ӣˣ͵ȻԼȡСĪе乤ȻԼ
һȥϷ˽ǧ飬ֲ콨ôˣҲҪƲǰͷĻعƣҲҪôǮ
ֻ٣ͽ˻


 82 

ֿʼ, ʱѾũ·, ̫ʮֵ, ĶҲһĴæҤ飬һԼڼ, Ƶװ飬Ҳûš
Ĺҵһеζһ¶̥кóӰᵽ
Ӳãģһ˽滮ǣȡ, ȥһ׷ӡ߿﷢չҪһס׻һûʲô׳־СŮˣûʲô󵨵Ŀ, ֻһȵѡ
Ȼ, ڶʲôͶ, ӵȽ϶, ȥǱʯӣ龰̫̫࣬ͦġ
ɳӲô, ѵõϢɿĴӳһѵִ, ȴ쳣ɵװ
˵еʱһЩͲôˣҪչ˼Ҫȥ׬֣ҪҲܲ˰æˣҪң㣬ҪԼæĸһ
⻰˵ģˣ׬ǮʲôС
ӣ
ǰ˵ĺúõģȵŮˣ˵ѽôôϽҲˣӶáҲǵģ㣬С¶ҪǮʱ򣬰ѽѽڼңôôǮģ첻Ǯ֪Ǯ
ҿû˵ΪԼ⣬ʵ룺ΨŮСҲ̸ֲŮ˻֮ҪãʱãһһһʵŮ˶һ
û˵ȫµ˶ģһ׵ģİ԰õľ顣
Ҳֻһ룬ķǲҵģĬˡȫˡһָءϼӿٶȣø̺ú˵һ˵ιιϴ·¶ͱÿһˡ
ѵõ죬ȶɢ˲٣ҲڼˣôСӵ·ҲƬʲôġСڰ죬ǶЦġ
ˮεͣЪɫֽɡ˳ɫǽƮͣ˼ǰ
»ƣ´磬ڼ𣿡
˶ͣסǿ÷ģ죬ҶЪţʱʲô£
÷ŵģһԿ¼ҵţ÷ٲȻ˿¼ҺͿһ֮СŸ룬ڿһʱŵϴ쵰۵ϸϸȥ÷ϣȷаװ׵ķ۵׺ۼ
һЦһ£ڷֻ¶һĳӡϧͷĶû̧ͷ
Ƿţ˵ҪǮܵûϴרҪȥϸС
ǮһСϣͷװԵĿ÷
÷˵һˣ˵ʲôѽϹֺ죬׬һЩСǮˡ
ǺǣһǮҼǵʱͼȥ٣׬˲ٰɣ
Ļڿ÷ֱֱĴӣرǿһĺǺǣЦЦһĳ
̧ͷϣѰ˵İϧλһţһϲɽ·ûһʱȸԾģһСС˼ʱȫʧˡ
ͷûж٣һٶһ㣬ûȫĻȥһ㣬㶼ɼˣﻹҪУο㻹иء
Ŷлл㰡ҲôãҽҲûʾʾǵġ÷㾭ϵɣûиĸ˵ҽ¶ѽ
÷İʾĵģһ㣬֪ʲô˵ʲô˵
ȻӲĽתϣŪôö϶Ҫɣ֮ǰüҪϧûˡ
һֺǺһЦǸ˶ܿóǳ⵱÷¶ҲֻˣνһֱᡣŮǣ˾Ƥ
ʱá˵
һͷţʱҪ˵ôԼȥæʱ϶Ҫæģʲôϵѽ
ʲôϵѽĺӣռ˱˴˵֮ҲûкͽĹϵ
ܿ÷ɣͦ˵ģ仰ҾͷˣȻȥҪҪдţǿһĻȥ
һҡͷ˷ܵͬŮһ㣬ıˡ
ߺ󣬿һдţҪʱûг֣ҪˣȻûκεıʾʾܺģǮˣҪӣﻹˣǮӹĵˣ޷ģ֪ܲһЩҲ֮
гȥϼĵţĻ֮˷ܵĸһ˵·Ħгˡ
ǮֻҪĦг˵ʵһûиоǮƶ֮ʲôҪأǳµĽĸȽҪѽ
Ħо£һ󷽵ĲǧԪȥһĦС
ӱĦг̫ۣǿһŶӣڼס˵ȥȥȥϱҲǵҪţǲģһݵĽͨߣŸġ
ֻĦгûׯСӾͷһ¡˵ܳһ¡ﵽҪʼʵˣɽɸ˳аҲɸ˳аСģҲɸ˳а
һˮν͹Ⱥʱˡ
ĺ£
һͷģһƣһӳһǱԱӳһҶ֮ΪܣԴӹȡ֮󣬱ܾûʳñܣǱӵΰ
ʱӵСƽᣬ۵Ҳ¶
˵Ƿﵽһ͸㼸죬ָֻԭô죿
Ŵ£˼ôô
ӦÿװɣÿҷֵԼԼģҼһܳԱͷЧã϶ġ
һ֪ô˵ǣ֪֮һУ߼ʮ궼ûбʵĸҴ˸õ֮ǰ߳Ϧ֮ͻвͬı仯Ҹֶһֱûͣ΢ͷпٵһû˸Ҷ˵һ仰˵һ֣˵пܲʱˡ
ǿɲһ˵Ҫ˵ͲӦóʱҶԵñ˵ͱˡҪǴҶ˵أǸϲʱʲô˭ҹȥ˾أ˼Ҵ򳤹ǮĸǮûǮԽԽûǮ
һ˵ĺеҾԶԡ
һ˵ˣ˵ȥҲͽͣȡһҲûʲôá˵ֻϾʱ˵һ˵ˣ˭Ҳ˼ϱ78߲ųȵ80꣬ĿʼʵУⱲҲ
ֻƺĳֱϵĴ׿˵ֵص¶˵ֵؾͺˣϹȥϹϹͲϣ׬Ǯʱ򲻾Ͷˣ
ֵزǮѾǹϵ飬طֵԼôͰѵ֣Լȥשȥ
ǿһһֱڼ￴飬Ҳźˡ
̱Դ²κͦģֵصģ˵أֵɶֵɶҾһЩ޻
һ룬Ҳֵأ˵أũܴ˼ʮнų
ţţǰҪ˵һ˵ҪֵصԸﵽ˶塣һϰʱ򣬴ӳü˵ˣô˷ƵģҪֵء
һºͮͮĺˮ˵ӳϷӳӳ¶Ҳ˾
˭֪ǴӳϷӳ˻ô˼죬ӳټСӳᣬ˵ͷԱ㡣


 83 

ԱԱ, ӳ˵, һ˻, ȥǣȻô˵, Ǿִû˵𰡡
ӳ˱ָֽŸһ»ƣ㿴űֽϰֽдİɣǲģ
һͷġ
ӳǾУʱҪץңҾⱨֽ˵¶
Щ׳ʿ󸪵׳нţȻҺܶСӳˡ
һһԿ, һоһұֽʡ, κιаƵ鶼Ź
֪ô, һ۽һʪ, һж
ǵɽ, ǵĵأǵĳͺӰһĿʼ, ͷһʱ֮䣬СׯĻȢʮʢУҶȡڷֵ֮ǰȢš
֪ܵ, Ҵӳ˷˵أ֪ôţ
֪ũ壬Ҳϴѣسǳûũ壬ضûˡ
ӳһӣ֪ҲֵأǻسˣٹӴ
ӳԾѾ˼òȻ֪ࡣ
ֵһ飬زͳƾͼʱ䣬ÿ˶ΪϢȼ˷һͬһ㿴ʷ֣֪ûڴ˷ܶǱ˵ģһֻƽ
ƽ֮УĴˣ㲥Ҳͬ߿ָˣ
Ϊֵط֪һӹʮˣߵģƽĻᣡ
ʱһĶѾܴˣѾĦгû˻һãǱ˿ˣĦг»ûģ
ʲô˵οгҲгûء
Ҳ˵˸߿ָ飬ڳԷʱ˵¶ˣҪȥ԰ɣֻҪ뱨ܱأϹУҵҲܱ
ǼҶƽˣҵأ˵
̱ڴ۾һʱſӲϲ£תͷһĶӡ
һŶӺˣӶ߿߿ûӰ׼ġ벻뿼ԼûȰӣãԣ˵һģеҪѧɽ׼Խе˲ҪϴѧͿԣӾǺߡ
ҿһвĶأ㲻ȥһĿϧˡҲû˵һ˵һ¡
ӵͷȻڰǷǾԡ
˵שˣשҶשĺܶ࣬س˶׬ǮȻҲܶ࣬ôשĵ׹˭ͺ˵
ӵĲУǵĲ²⣬ҲӭǵĴ⡣ҲӰˣÿ׼ʱ¹ȻͿһһ顣
ȻͻȻһ죬ӶԿһ˵ǼҵĦгͻˡ

Ȼûбƭֿһ룬ʱĦгڼϡٵĹҵƷгҪʮŹҵȯĦг붼ġ
ѾĴ˳רΪĦгǵģǰгûгǰ
ڶ죬Ȼ컹û·Ͼ𷢶ĺȻССԺһϷ̨һ㡣
һӴһ룬һԺӶˡ
ſһˣЦ˵촩·ӸĦгȥ硣
ɲ
Ҳͬ뷨ȵ͸˷ܣϱȻҶԼģҲǺӿЦ˺ӣҲˣʱһĦС
һҲͬ뷨
Ħгܶຢӵ׷ǲҪһһرСĺӣҪױһһ
뵽ԼĺԺҲҪӱţĦгһȥ磬;ůůġӻҪ׵Ľ̵ͯŸҸ뵽ӵĿʮֵˡ
ĶͦģʱɶǼʱҽȷ˵ֻһÿ춼ͦŶȥΪһӣ˶ɢĸԵĹԡͳѾ˵ãӵʱҪ͵ԺҽԺӷǳˬĴӦʾĦгó
Ħгڱĵطóˡ
ΪҪֵص¶ҪͳƵĶȽ϶࣬⼸æµصȴĵģŴţͲҲð̣ȴû˴Ӧ
ֵߵȻ󿴵ڲϣɫʹ࣬ںڵĴ޷һ
ôˣôˣ
һǰδеǱȣɤӶˣڼҵܹ״Ҳһ
һиһΣԣϾǻң˭ŵġ
»ƣô
ӣû£̺ˣˣ鷳ȥгӻ
úúãȥש壬϶֪ĶȻɱˡ
˴ʮӣ߸ʱ䣬иϹˣһָǣŲտĵطڵȵ˳ӻؼ
ȻĦгԵҽԺ
ҽԺҺ֮󣬲Ѿȶҽ߽ĳӣǴʩͦõģԺҲʱֲѾнϺõļСȶЧҩԱ֤ٷ
ϲĵͷһЩϸڣҪסԺ죬ôȵȵȵȡ
֮ҪʮסԺҪ㻤ӽһжźãץʱĦг˼ҡÿһʰһ˶ȥҽԺ
߻Ժץһֻ󹫼Ű󸹱Ŀһһ󹫼ʲô
ͷҲٽҽԺҽ˵ҽԺβ˵ģת
񣿿һЦãôİ
һһӣסԺҽ˺İ£һҰŵ׵οǣҽȫģò˶ٷãǰסţʲôҡ
Ȼϰ߲ãҽǮİ°ʲôŵ׵㴲Ķһλš
һҼڣסҽԺ
̵ܳɹֻ˶˵ѻָľһήҡӳҽԺͷܣܶæҪҽԺһ
죬ڴͷƻһôܣʱ俴𣿡
ûʱ俴ûʱ俴ǼҳһѧˣڼҴӣ㻹רĶ顣
һΣ룬ҲһܿأԲŴߴ㿼İֻСǧҪѳӵĸ߿״Ԫȵѽ
ǿһųӿ飬ÿγӹͳ⿼ӣ˳㽫Լ֪ʶһ顣ͳӵĽһã˺֮ĲܱȣôڷܲżĶӺһⲢڻͨΪԼĶ
ϣܼ̳гӵ̡
˵ôΪʲôһĸչǿûأҲˣȴֻһһѧУҲ֪Ⱳӵչǿѧϰôˣͷһ˲ͱŵƻ˹ȥҲ֪ģƤʱ䶼ƻ㣬ˮ
ͬиʱʱĿüˡ
һһµչǿɻأĸ˹Ӵ˼ֶһԷˣϵĵӾһ֡﷼һֱúö飬ʱ¹̱ˣûжľæֵص飬æ·ĸĻŲϣҲܷһЩء
ϧ﷼ĸײ飬Ϊڼ壬ԼӼšǲܵģչǿѾǱߺԣٵţôĸ׸ˣķҵģûȥʲô顣
﷼ȥȥԷˣϿȥɣúõ˵﷼ᡣ
չǿ֣෴ķȥһҶȥҽԺҲû˸ǿţȥʲôҪæġ
ʲôҪæģҪǵƨɡԶĹǲǲˣҪǲˣֱ˵﷼оرί
չǿͷվסһδεûиı䷽ȻӼҵķȥ
Ȼûп﷼Ѿڳʲôӡ
ʵӰŵĺúõģżҹ˯ʱԺһж˸ڵӣڼֻҸһ·ˮҵģ˳˵ðæԺӵʱˬĴӦˡ
һеʱᵣڳЩҲûãжĺӣˣҲ
һ̨ҽԺ㲻ôġ
ùļҵÿһ˶ľôĶȥʱô죿ǸĦг˲ôѽ
˵ʱţ
ҽԺסʮң̫̫ĲˣһҲʼһ֮һСǸСк
ǿһһοӿޣĺӣϲĲˣҹﱧźӺ壬ι̣гҥ˯ӡһשҤҪˣ
ǶأģҸɴ಻ȥˣҵķֺ컹еġ
һʱ䣬ķֺҲҤϾʼʱֻһ


 84 

һҽԺסһ, ųԺؼҡӹȻһţ, ƵǼ˻ؼҡ϶һĶ, ӻ˳سĲϣ˵ȥ·
, һûвһģǳӺڲٳ֣ԼԵֵģҽԺסţҲûп죬˷꣬˼ҸӲ͡
ջؼңھӾ̽, ˼ʮֿСӣȥȥˡ
ھ, ˶̽, еС, е, еƶ벻ǣ÷Ҳˡ
ﻹæĹɣҪҪдŸ, źӣ
һﱧŶӣô˵ʱüͷ, ǸʲôޣָʹӣʱĶӶˡ
ˣҿûдȥ˵ˣ˵ģϾϵĻڣȻ꺢Ӽˮƽı仯һһԼƢίߣֱ˵ˡ
ʱ䣬εȭͷӲˣȭϣһ˵Ҫȼһɣ⼸ķģǹ㷢Ƣġ
÷۾ˣÿһоĪ
޹ĵ۾Ҳûôѽ˵Ķʵ
ȷ˵ʵʵ̫ͷһ㡣֮һ徲˲٣ûǰڣһ˵ʲôһ˵ʲô߿ˡ
ҲܰĿ飬̻ӡ
***
Զǧ֮Ϸ¼׼ŮڵĳׯСȥǲûöٶֻǴķǳ档
ǿѾ˰꣬ϳ˺޵ĺ룬裬ȥˣôԷ
ȥԣֲǲʶ·ΪҪӦһֵʯһЩ
˰ɣҿɲƵģ˼ȥ˼Ҳ䷹㶼֪ҶɫҸƵġǺ˼ƤȥҲ˼ǶҴ˵ĻˡǱȥʡ·ȥ㡣ǿഺеĹѼɤ˵ķķҵģֲúǳ⣬ֻǺһС£Ҹ˵ʲôӡ
ǿûȤˤųȥˡ
ǿν¼ҵһ࣬Ҳ֪ôġ
Ļûֹ¼ҷȥһĽŲһ˺þöûгֵˡ
ʱѾʮ£˶Ҫũ岻ùȻҪϹ¼ֻʣ̺ͿһһûֵС̵̡ĲѾȫˣչչ˵ĺܻʵ˼Ҷӣһϱӡ
ϱӵ̣ûǮʲôõҩһ꣬ʱӼһûƽȻǱ˱֮ĺ࣬ӽ͵ҽԺȴûǮҽԺΣֹֻܿҩΪ˼ҺܿȥˡϱӵĳӣǴʱʼͼǿ翪һġ
񣬳ӿ˺ͺӣĻϱһҪͷصĺݾ
ӵű̫ˣ˭аשҤңҷǸȷ˵ȥסɣ෽㰡ҽԺô̳ҲҪǣǲǾͷˣسﻹһӣҲˣԼרҿĦгȥ˼޵ֵͲӣҶޣ
ҪҪһҵһĥ˵ϼӰһ̵˵
УܶǮѧϰһֱ׬Ǯֶһ㡣
һ
һһ˵Ҫ㻹ȿɣҪ߿ˣѺüǮء
һµ飬ȻѾˣ˵꺢ӵĿһƢˣǲ
ù˯ʱ򣬿¼޹ġ
Ӽһʹƽʱ޲֣˯˯˳ԣ˾۾Ϲֻж˲źߺҲǳˣССĿ¡
һһŵ
ʯһݾʹɤŻȫѽһ˸Сӣã鶼ˣӶû˼Цµĸ
ܲСֲңѺŵġһھͲζˡ
ͷϹվſڵ⣬ڸĸŮ䣬˲ܸκε֧Ԯ
㣬⺢ӣô˵ģҿ谡ôʮꡣ
ʮһ㣬ʮбҵ֮ڼҵķˣ׼ȷ˵ʵʮꡣŮҲҼô꣬Եˣ⻰˵ģҲظڶˡһźӣϾ飬ϧһˡ
﷼𾪵Ĳ֪˵ʲôã˺ôһ˵⺢ôǳأǰһ費Ǹдô꣬èиˡοôһŮأһֲζġ
һʱеζˣңܴĻأϱӵ̾͸жᡣ
дǮдҪ𣿲ˡ
һ̾˿˵˵ģǲù˵ĻҶһء˵ûܺģ̫ˣʲô᲻óһرǣҸõǵ֣־ȥӻ־𣿡
һ˵ţźӱ䣬Է˱˺ӡ
ҲѾ˿һ̬ȣֱ˵λ߰ɣǼҲӭ
óӺúùܹϱĻôʽ
Ŀ뿪ԺӣתطһĬţԵĲԣӵҲԵĲԡ
ղǲǺܲźܷ˵ӣ
ǣҲôáǣȻ㲻ģǾͲҪӦǣдţαػӦأͷ̾
һҾǲģƾʲôҪôңô֮󣬻ȻΪֻҪҺһ㣬Ҿͻҡβ͹ȥ
ҾҪǺڡ
ȻһסĶ˵ǿ϶ˣǼҵĦг϶Ľˡ
Ҫͷ͵ҪˡѳӵĻһͷ˵ϧûǵҪĦг˼ǲúڵĳӶˣ
ͱЦˣǿǮͽǣﲻһô˵ء
***
֪÷οԼĸĸһģǶһ㣬ԭˡǲ֪ѽһ˺ӣҲˣæĲУƢһЩҲӦõġ
ʯ͵ط±ӣó᲻ص죬ԭǣˣǸӣ׬˵ǮɧĲˣĦгʮ˭ɧҪǸǿѧѶá
ҲͽԼܹʲôٻҲǻӣǡ˵߿Ҫʼˣ÷׼ôˣ
÷Լĸüͷ븸ĸĿĶǳдŲ˵ˣӼƽ֮󣬹ҶѾʲ㲹ô˵
ʵ÷Ŀķǳļ򵥣ǸĸһֱҪǮøĸǮˣͲһֱҪˡϧһѾģ֪ȥȰһȰûã


 85 

һΪ˵Ļ, Ҫ, Ĳ, ҲʵȻϣ˵, ÷еʱ򻹻ŵ棬Ҳˡ
¼ҷڿ÷˼죬Ѹϰ߿֪ǷĲУڽ֮Żسǡ
Ҳ߿ˣͺӵ¾ײһ˾¾ưڸ߿ĺ档
߿Ҫ￼, ȥҵط٣еСݶѾԱسǵҲ, ȴҵסؼ֮˷ܵĸ߿һǼҵĵ, 뿼Եĵصǳ, СѧԱ, ˶ˣɨĸɸɾҾҲܴպá
ҾȥĲ˵, ˵ҵģΧûӵ˰ռƽ֮, 齫Ƕ˳ȥɸ˳ӣһֱڿš
һֲó֮󷢴ô죬˼ʱȶѾԭʼۣվھ˼ϣɲĸô
߿֮󣬼ֵİ¾ơæĽŲմأ֮˲пնԴ𰸣һѣʲôţûйĿı죬ҲûгϱεͼݣҲ߰־飬۲ģҲҲˣһĿʮ֮⣬ûʲô
Դ֮󣬾Ȼ඼ܶԵϣżⲿֶԲϣĶС
ĸ߿״Ԫոն𰸵ʱһ˷ܵģܵȫ״ԪԼôҲܵøǰʮɣһ룬ӸûôѧⱲӿɲһǸ߿״ԪһŶȲȥĳӣ˳˼
˵ȳɼڼֳһ£֪ǵˣȫسǣ֪ǿسǲϣԭҲǨƻڣ֮Ĺȴû˵ô
ˣе֪Ҳ˷ܲѣȫ׼سǡ
һֳ⼸СģͳϧҲ֪Ϊʲôһ죬һëëģ̲ס˳ôôң
ӵͷ˵֪Ƕسˣ㲻ܻسǣﲻ
ֲ㣬θʲôǶǻزͥŮ
⵹ǡͷûвɣ
һ˼һ£ֻҪʱȣʣʧأʵĻͦƽ͵ģɲˣһѡɽȻͬĽȻ޷ѡ顣һΣѾ飬Ҳ㹻ˣο˳ӣʲôģ
һʵҡҡͷʾûһĲܰϴˣӵĿġƨƨߵȥˡ
****
¼ңڼϲ󣬡Ҿ˵һӣڵʱǮͲ֪Լ˭ˣǹŮسˣ;Ľɡ
ǺڣеǮ㣬ܸسˣǿ̽ͷʵ
ƨʦõҵдûУ˵Ϲӻ߳ŭ
ôգ벻ҶֲȻְ첻˻سǣҴ㻹ͽʲôڲͦõ𡣡ǿԼļ⡣
ʲô㣬ĴϾͻˣǧǰпһ㣬֪˴ȡ
㻹ǵĵس֮ʲôɣͬѧڼ˰꣬һֱҲ
ۿһͷǿס죬ϱȻƣʵʵĿʼдҵ
ˣȴ𽭺ӺǰŮûڼҲûڳסؼˣʲôأ
***
һϵУһУ΢һ⣬ҪæѧѧĶظѣһǳ֪֮ķˡ
ӱǺһѧĹʾóףͦߴϵġ
֪ɼԿһͦģΪ˵ҪͬһѧͱĸһЩҪǿϣ컹һλᡣܶһء˿£ڶԿϴѧִҲûôˣĽСɹٲڸ߿ʱʼҳôȥ
˭֪ɼʱˣӿʡ״Ԫֻȳʮ֣
ûãͳӵ¼ȡ֪ͨѾң˶ˡ
͵͵ĸ㣬˴ѵֽǮչȥźЦļۣ˵ŶһͶ˴ѧи
и޶ڻûϸء
߿ְ춼ڷֵ䣬־һǷֹ֣֪֮ͨһ£ֻû
ͽиɣŪߣ˵
һĿӣ⺰ĳ˺ӵĴһ
ЩйİɣСʱ˺ҲͰˣȵ˶ˣȻ
ӽյźţ˵ҷֵѾüĿˣôʱˣںһģ
ֵҸãһֲлʦʵлʦ磬ʲôʦ
һ߿Ĵ˶ûʦΪʦˮϯֻǳ̶ʽеļְˡ
һҲǳ֧֣ҫôñ˿Լúܺãδǰ̿ڡ
ǰĳ¼ѹȹõˣҪüһء
ҲڸĶȡ֣г
ֻϣǶ⽡ֵĳ󡣡
ڱ˶ȴǲһ˿ǫ飬Ӷ˴ѧǶӿ϶ֳֻ󣬽ȻгϢ

չǿȻûϣҲɼʱҲûж⡣ΪûŬеõĳɼӦ
﷼˴רĬĬ׼ȥϴѧĶ
չǿĬĬԱ߿ţյģϲֻббڴͷӴﴵһ磬ҡҡ׹
һչǿ˵ҪȥѧˣҪĻǨɣҲӦš
ҪԶȥѧĸһڼңǣҲµģ϶ĸˣչǿãᣬ﷼϶ܴӦ
˭֪﷼űǣ˼һ£˵Ҫ˰ɣҼǱߵĵرȽ϶࣬ʱֵĵؿ϶Ҳ߶࣬Ǳͦõġ
չǿˣٶʹˣѵܹȥ𣿾ͶһĶأôԶֵ𣿡
﷼˵Ҫ˵£ҪĻҲŲȥɣŮֻһʹ磬ķзǿǨġ
չǿ𾪵ĵɴ۾׸
׸ʲôһģûм꣬ׯҲͦõİôھͲˡҪ˵׸˼ҳô׸סĿǿһķӡ
ķĻԿѾ˼˲ʱ򣬲ȻסзĿܣչǿó
ǣҶѾȢ㣬סˣŲطǱô˵أ
ѾȢˣôôĶӵζ
᲻ǰ𣿡﷼ĵ˵
ֿʼ˵˵ˣʲôϵҸãҵϱ˼ܲܲҪô㣿
չף޷ͨ˼ҶѾ˺ӣҲѾȢ﷼﷼ôðֲű߼ʵ뷨ǰ£ѵ﷼װ
ԣ㣬˼벻࣬Ϊ˱ӣҲҪȥϴѧҪŲȥס㲻֪ʲôй£֪ԼŰɡ


 86 

 ÷˴ѧ, ѧҽһл, ڴһǡ
Կһ˵лл, һسȥ, 𡣡
ϱӿһޱĽŮˣվǰлǵ˵һ죬˵ôĵط
Ҳǿȥ÷ǰQÿ÷Ϊ÷Լӡ󣬿÷ԼӦʲôأӦǷǳõģͯʱ̻ţ֮ĸֺ޹˼ɵƫΪݻҪʲô, ֻҪ΢֣ܵõ
ٻʵ֮ӦӶŵĴڡ
ӦСһ, ˽, ŸָС˼
÷ڿһжׯ, ȫ
ĸл, Ҳǵǰҫһ˵Ҳûѵ㣬֪಻ܻسô
÷һ, ڻسǣ֪໧ûй, һسǴѧ΢⡣
һ˳˵˾䣺ǹϲ˭ǴѧƵġ
÷ȻҲ֪磬֪˴ϯΪףϴѧ¡ЩҪ˵Ϊ˿ѧ֪඼ǰؼˣûлؼңΪרĸϰΪ֪ؼ֮󣬿϶Ͳר־Ŀѧϰˡ
һͷʾԼ֪Ȼɻſ÷Ը˵Щʲôأ
÷һԿһ²ؼı߳ܣѾõĻü˵ȥ
֪ܾܶҵõô࣬ʶôϲ¼ҵǸҡ㣬ҵõһжԼȡģ̵ƫϸУڿ¼ҵĵλ
ΪĶôӵͣˣһ̧ۣΪĿ÷ԭеƵ֮ҲżӪӪԭ߸ϵˣҲܵƶˡһɿ÷ûܵ˵ˣҲûд˿̿÷Լǰ߷Ȼƪĳ
һԼ÷ܶʱͻƿڣ˵֪ܷ㣬Ҳܷ¼ҵϢ㣬ƾʲôһܸĸİǰ󣬸ûرĲӦ֪㲻ϲҾҪ
һ񾭲ɡ
ȻĸŮ׬Ǯ֪ˣʸеΡѾ¼ҽˣҲûáúѪŨˮɡ
һŶЦ÷ߡ 
ϱӿһ¼ҾΪ˼ҵŮʵѪ񣬴ſ÷ڳ﹤ʶһɹڸĸ￪֮º׬ǮСвҵҪҪ֮࣬ǳſ÷
Ӳ֪Ů֮ˣֻǼһ̫ˣ˵ϲͲҪǿˡ
һͬĵͷ϶ٸˣ˵һ仰ʮꡣ
ӣ
÷Լ٣÷Ļܵľǿ÷ϾԿ÷Ը񣬶޴ͷţɵֻԼ
÷һ˵ĿģΪ˶˵ôҲ񫣬ǵ˺ǸЦ
һܿ콫÷һߣԺԲнˣ
æµĶˣյʳһˣשҤҲһ£ԼӵʲҪ㣬ЩҪȥġ
˵ľͿһʹӳӳǸеˣʲôڿһ֮ĿһۣͳˣĶСˣӳҪͿһƪҳҶ̵ģ˵еûŰ
Ǵӵ֪඼ˣ׼˸֪ҲֵصģºˣһߣǸҸܶһ㡣ǻʣһ֪࣬ûͣȥһŮӼҵģǴӵĿ÷㻹еԵء㲻ȥͣ
һŪ̵ͣ˵ûͣ㻹ȥͣ
ӳߺߣҲţôܵģȷˣ˲ѣӳԵ롣
Ҫн壬Ҳ̬ȡ˵ĺӣһϵôҲòˡ
һ֪ඣǴҲ֪ˡӳ֪뵽п
ǰһʱȥˣһпš
÷뿪ˣڿһȥسס·ϣͿ÷
һͼţĴӳкֱӺ˿÷װûпȻһ·ڣһϣһ޽
ĸеĺңֵض˭˵һС£ҲҪȵˡ
שûҪɶӳĶմǿֻ֣׻һʿɹ۵ķֺ졣
ӣ֮ǰ˵Ҫس￪һĵ꣬˵ģسﰲ֮ȻһҵꡣֻǲάţĿģʵֻҪߵſһţȴǽؼҡ
һС׶ε룬һҲԸǿᶨԼʮ֮ǰĴɼ󣬻Լѡ


 87 

, Ѹ, еһﶼڴæ, Ŵ֮΢΢ʪ
ׯһǰͿʼĴ£ﵽ
ûеô, Ҳûеôͷֵأÿ궼뽻һʣµĲԼұ
չǿڻؼҵ·ϣ⼸Ƚƣ˵Ϊֻ֪Ҫһ˵, ˿϶ҪôͷĶذ
ô˵أŰѻǨ, ֻʣһˣ
չǿҲ벻, Ϊʲô﷼ôĺ, Ķ񻹻صѧǰ﷼Ļ͵ǸŮ˰, ֪ģҲũһӡҪǻңŬ, ҵꡣ
ͷŽʼ
ǿǿ, иӪɲɣӳˣչǿǰڰ֣żع
ӳɶأǿ˲һϵǴеǹ
չǿ˵﷼û飬ֻǰѻڱԼǨƻؼˣ֤ȴû졣ſڣȴû˵벻飬ʵûʲô
ӳʲô¶
ģһˣ׳ģһĶأʵ̫ˡʮĶյأбӪиңֻҪÿ꽻ȥУʣµĶ㣬ɲɣ
ǳӼҵĵ𣿡
ӳͷ˭ҵĵأڹˣ˵ҼҲеģǿæשҤ¶ؾͲ̫ܹܵĹ
ǳӵ⣬ǿһ⣿
ӳڨڨҡͷʵȥˣ˵˭⣬˼ҽˣ˵˭ɶУҵ⡣
չǿǰ﷼Ļ棬ũֵʲôͣ˼Ҷܣֻһأ
﷼еȥ֪ϾϴѧˣԺڳǱȻ顣˵Ӧ֪֮ҪôŬҲҪôͺ﷼飬
벻ףûʱ򣬾ؤҲҪһˣôͱӡʱͶ˵ԣҾϢ֪ҾϢûʱô˵
һأӳ˵ؿʮŶһ£˺ӣûеأʲôءôǮˣҪأһũزǺܺû˵߿ˣαôͿʼ͡
̻Ǻ۾չǿĨһѣᶨ˵УӳٵҶɡ
ӳοչǿҾ֪С־У仰ͷˡҲģϴȥسǣ軹أ˵㣬ԸԸֵأȥˡȻС־ĶҲչʮĶ֡
ҲõۣгݼǴӻ׼һѧſֵȻ࣬Ҳ۲㡣
ӳ˵һѵĻȻˡ
չǿһˣĻѾϨһͷȻ﷼ֵûϢƫҪֵϸɳһҵ

ʱķɿ죬תۼ͵١
һԴѧӦã뿪ͦõģǳڱһҵķӣѵǹҳϵĵķҪӿˣ
ųĴ󲿷ֱؼҾ߶ڣֻҪһЩСͿס
а~һNɪתһȦľذ壬عӣķϲģôı䡣
ĬĬͷͦõģ۸Ҳͦõİɣ
һĬĬĻͷӣһѹôӣҡҡͷЦˣһкöأ㲻õġ
ʱͻᱻʱ
߶һЩͨʰһѶ֮󣬵óĽǣҪȥ׬Ǯ
ӷֱˣżƬдŹ˵ѾɻСӣ찡Ķ˵ԾԾԣɰĲСٵȼ£ϾҪˣһԼȥ֮СӲԼˣġ
¶֮⣬Ĳ죺£Ϸһ£ͻȥˡڱҲ˷ӣѺӺ˶ˣ
û˵ȥһеȡ
ôϰ
һڨЦǵҲǣǴŮ˻Ҫ˼ôȻȥȴûᣬڶӺȥ֮Ϊѡ
һ㶼ϣõġһļһ𣬳ǽ⣬ǽ̫˸ж
ӵĿ⿴Ĵõģôлң
õģôлһû֮߼ϵͱѹڴϡ
׵ԺĿһ룬ӿҽڰʲôصĶܳ
˷֮󣬵ȷ˺ܶ࣬ĩʱС۾徲ĵطѧУȻסţλжϰʱ򷽱㡣
ȫƺĴѧһһѧͼݴЩ꣬ѧȫû˿̵ͬѧùѹܴ󡣺ΧڷܣʮָߵͬѧȣΨһǶǳ죬Ķ鼮
ÿʦƼĿͼݵʱ򣬶ѾĵĿ顣
˾ùķǳѧϰɼȻûеӣһ³ɼõȽѧ𣬵ĿƵĴ𰸣Ҳ˵ģˣ֮󣬻Ǻܸˡ
߸˵ĻصңѾڼһһһƿԣҪףף
ϰĺ⣬һݽͷһǣһسĲˣѼ
һʮ־棬ǿԣҲô¡ذɣһ٣ҲԲѽ
ѾȥϷĻƱҹͳ
óٿǮõѧԺصȽѧѾˡ
ô磡һţ±ƵùҲٰ
ʮǮ⣬Ȼϵ
ҲֵʮǮѽ
ӽΧȹ̰ƵͣһŰݣʣµǮҵ˽Ǯ𣿡
һͷʾԼû
ٿǮŽռҸʱеĳߵģֲ׬ֻϢԼĴ
ҪʾͺˣʱʷѱȶءϴӣѾʷѣг򻹹󡣡һ̾
ޱȻҲֻǹ״̬ʱǿеķ㡣ϣһ㣬ٽһ㣬һܵı
ⱲӦܻǸʱɣ
һ͵͵ӣһԼֻ࣬Ҫ̬ƽͣӦûġ

߿֮󣬷˷츲صı仯仯ϴѧı߻ǺԣǵϷ졣
·ϵ˴˻Сīţȿ㣬ļϿۣЦۡ
ߵˣ̧⣬Լչʾµĵӱ
ŮͷϴʺɴͷеĹϵĻT·ţ̬
һۻҡ
ɫ·˵õעĿҲһۣ·ѹˡ
ʱ򴩵ĺɫ£õŮ˵ۣһ£Ů˵ɽֵȻĽĴ֮⣬Ľȴһ㶼ᣬĽ˴ѧ
һҡҡͷеģ·ѧУﶼû˴ϼˡ
˵һûԼͬѧһ˵ʲôʹʲôͷμ⣬Ҳ̫ǡӵĴŴ綼ǹ˴ҲǳѧУĴ󻵾ʱڹݵĽͷôһ˿˿룬һ
һȦʹ֪ʲôˡţп㣬ӱ
ȥ֯·ʱ뵱Ȼܵ˵ѡ۸ȳԤеĸһء
ƮȴʮǿӲǾ۸õĺܣ㰮򡣡
קһӵӣóӱˣǳӣӪ˽ӪģҸչܣ·ڣ򲻵·
ȴƽȵһ·ĳɱгϵۼۣķãԼЩСܵõ
Ѿһˡ
ʵڿӲǣڨڨģ˵Щʲǫ̂ףýˣ˭֪˼Ҳ˦ֱˡ
һʳӣҲĶ˵ôࣿ
β´أҾ˶ɵӣҪô׿ͣ´οˣͻʨӴ󿪿ˡ
һƶǶ׳ӵô¡
Ȼһҵʱ򣬿ղǸ׿͵˺Ҹ˵ʲô֮̾ߡҸ˶Ҫ۾ͺ࣬һȫˡ
һּۻۣԸ·ȥ˵ӱ
̲㣬ź˵´ǹͳʵ̫ˡ
һﰵ룬ͳǵöǮţֳɵĴ󿨳ֻӵռ飬ʵ̫棬ʼû뵽ô˵ڡ
ǻؼҵʱ򣬿һһ·϶һ˼ӡ
տһԼ˵ռʲô˶һ»һز𣬿ϧʲô֪û̵ֱ˵ĻҪŵ
е㲻ȥˣϾռãʵ˷ѡɵ˰ıĸʲô㣬ѵӵıֵֻ𣿿һԼ
𰸵Ȼֵá
ԾҪһ̹װ뵽̹׶أ׸̹ʲôأӻ᲻ΪΪϱӵͣԲŸһء
˵ʵôһԭĸŮ֪δ̵վǰҪȢҪã᲻Ķ
һĶˡ
һ۾ʱעϵʱһŻڵ˴šһ̣Ͽһ̨΢ν΢ͣҲͷô
վʮԪغһ۾Բˣһֻȸ
ֻǿһĳ˿Ҳˡ
ӿһ΢Ʋ˶һۣ˱˴еЦ⡣
˼öעĿһӣָťǲǲİʱﴫ֣ۣЦ~
һĸ裬ȴڴļӳ֮£˼ζ
üͷ˽ַŵһ㣬滺һǰгʱҼǵ㳪׸裬ͦġ
һЦˣе֣ҲȥеζĽŸеĽӣ˵ѽԭɱҳĺ
ʱ꣬С̾ӣǰꣿȥųĸеµģ
һͳ̹׵ķʽȴû뵽һ֡ͷ͵ؿˣôһ뵽еĹͲò˵ˡ
֪Ļǻһ̹ء
һһģ³ӵֻ֣˲˵ǻؼ˵
Ȼֱģ˵ǿҼǴˣȥг
С˵Ҳܣ֮ǰһֱ̨̨еģôģ
һҧ׸̨巢ûȥʮһ۲ſʼеģҲꡣ⧲û뵽ôõļ
ʱȻϲֿˣɷǳĽţһץĽա˵ȥѾˣĶģôģǲ˵ص̨
һһ򶨵ȥʱǽ飬͵ĴŴģôˣ
Ҫгֱ߼Ϸǳǡ
ȺڵĿҲûôˣָֻ֡
һȴ˵Ҿ֮ŹյˣأĶֶŵʴȺڵ˼룡
ĬŮʿԲˣΪ˸Լֻܰ⾫СҲ
㣬㣬Ϲ˵Ҳ˼͵ĴŴһȥȥͰյ
˵СĽŴŽеͷĽȻŽƤӣлȥյĿܣֱһ˿١
֣ҿģˣհɡ
СﾫήңԱ߻ŮģֱǹҪԼһ̴ŴרŸΪһ̴ŴģСһ£ĽŴݸӣȻץСϵˣīá
Χ˽ŻŵĴīϹƵĺֱײˡ
һŴŽԼ
һѾ򸹸壬ô˵ˣֻǳϲ㣬һֱţֻҪһң˶ʱҪ˵
һ·Ĭţһһҹʱ䣬Ѿص˼ңʵȥ㶫ûдãܵʱ䡣ԶԶģͿһֳڳվڵˡ
ӣһѾ˳Ϸ¶Ĺˣ֮ʧķûжӵӰ
ǳĸ׵ģС̫ڿأų㣬ģ¸ȥؼҾܼ˰
һʧһ˲ϵȸԾӷ̫ǺܷĵģҲ֪Сû᲻Ͳϵˣ
صңһŰЩڶӼЦеģ̵Сë棬һ˫۾Ǻӡ
һٷĹ򣬾ˣĵĻ˯ȥСȭͷץס¿۲šһɰĶˣӳÿȫŴӺŵ㣬ʮֿɰ²ȻλཱུģԸҲãһֱĵĶһ̾
̿ССĵĽӷŵСҡƵ˵Ҿ˵ĵİѺӽҰɣСӸСʱһԶأԼ㿴ղŸš
һЦŵͷ͸¶㣬ŤͷȥĶҡСֺĳӣͷһӵļԺ
̣ͺ˵ˣǼٺãµСӣҲǲסʲô
ߣСʱɿԣɲǱ˺öԻã
ӣ
ҲȥˣһڷһŵĽָļǵǰг泪׸𣿡
ֲŪཱུգqĲֺ⻰һ٣ջ֣㲻ֹһףкü
һӺðһڣеֱ̫˰ɣ˲֪ôӡ
̾׼ȷϳԲԣ
ԣһܳӳиСӺֳ~
һǰɡ
ͻȻһ䣬һò׹ɢˣйƵ˵Ȼ㶼֪ˣҲûʲôģҡ
˵Բ˵Ӳ뿴ΪѵӣǰոճĸһЩ֡Ҳǹġ֪϶ôֵ˵
һͷ֪ģôܹأҲСġ
ǣôֱɼִһ˦˦ͷͼصʼĿģ̹ףʵػһģϱͻļȻػʮʱ򡣡
ӺӶעӴ޹һһĿ֮£ͻȻΣԼµԼʲô
ŶѾЩ裬ᳪҲˡȻȻˢһ³׼ϴ˯ˡ
ûбʵ𣿡
ϱӹĺ𣿡
õĺܡһգգ۾ȴһ⣬ûˣ
°ͣſһ˵ʲôϱӹĺ𣿡
ҲаɣһŶӣ׬ǮڼӡѺӽ̵ĲҵģӸҶ죬ҾͣˡһѾܴƽ
չǿ﷼ˣ˵ҪĸͽãҲʧСûʲôˡ
еֻԱԼ֪֪࣬ϱӹ˲ôĿ⿴뵽ÿһԼĶҪˡ
ӿҡĿⶸȻϬȻ૵˵Сӣһúýѵ
һЦãʵĺӡҺչǿĺӡ˵棬ѾССšǹ˵˳
֪֪ɣӾͱӰɣϱûԼԻĺܺãⱲҲԣһӣֵͦġ
ɻ󣬡չǿ˺֮ģ֮أ˭ˣ
û˭ѽԼ
ӷɵɻȥ٩ѵûһҸ˭ˣ
ӵķԼΪȻÿһɣ֮ǰ㶼ǵġǮʱ绪ïкܶŮ˶˼ġ
סؿڣ㲻Ҫ˵ģܡ
ðɣԤһжûзһӹһһ㣬Ȼɣ˵ллûбҡ
ոһֱɵĳӣµĳӣʱ˾񣬡Ϊʲô㣿
һ¶ģҪеһкгͰϱӵ¶ȫ˵˳
ĸûаҵ£һͰ͵ǣչǿʱѾ﷼һģøĳûɱԼΡûаס߿Ļ̣ᷭҲûʲôɾ͡ϱĺʧܡ
һʧĵͷһ˫ȵ͸ĲϸļϣȻһ˲䣬·Ҫ˯ıСĺǻš
Ⱳ׽ĺ󱳰οôܸɣһˣһӣôʧܣ˽֪ϧ㡣
һһıסӣƺʲôסˣģ۵۾ҲЩᡣ
Ұ㡣һ˵
лҪ˵л2020-06-22 23:04:20~2020-06-27 21:48:51ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹ 3ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

 88 

һһôֱ׵¶⡣
Ĵѵˮ, ˵û, ˵
һֱЦ, 뵽ȥˣ
һԼ˼ȫף, һֱѹһû˿˵߳ڣֻоһɿ졣ͳӵĸ͡
һ˴ӹ㶫Ǳ߽ĻС׬һʣֱ׬ĳӵĽѧһǧĴ󣬲ʱһ¡
Ͼʱ, һҲһЩɻôһҲΪ˲أ
˴ѧӴ˱֮, ԼϱӵԼǰԼ, ôͿأ
һõ, ǵĻȫȥ, С׬ҼǪǮһԼɻʳ˿ڡ
Σ׬Ǯһ, ˵˶вʱǰ㣬ɾڳ, ô룬һ֪ɳֶϽˣ˵ˣֵֵͣ
ûʲô˸ϵĿ϶Ҫһͷı˵ˡ
ӳӵĽǶȿʵǰһ˾ģһİ޼溢ӵĸףԸɰᣬֻҪһ;նĺпˣ򸴺
û˵ʵҲвʱڵǹֻһ֣ÿζʱΪѰҽҩ޷ĵʱ֮󣬽Ҫ˵Сׯ
˵뷨ҲûйûкͿһǰĮģ̶֮еģΪҲûϣʱ򣬿һˣһҫǰ
ӿһԼԼ͸¶һǰϢ֪Լ϶ǹ˵ġһʲôҲ֪һСɵϣˣҪϿ㵹ţҲҪһġ

еĻﶼȥ֮һ˾ͻȥµɽˮҪسҪЩ
չǿǣɫɹڣͳЩƵĴһ
źӸпǿԽԽˡ
չǿ³ȻĺһҴккϳȥ
һΪĿһĻչǿһɬæææ£о˵֡
ӰͷصСˡ
СĿ۾ûգ
һûȥչǿˣѾŹ··Ҳûʲôÿ
߿һȥѧЩ죬ǿӦţԼҲæزũæʱ͵ǼͲˣջúɶ
һЦЦǳӸ Ӧͣ޽ٵӡ
ֻĻ֪ˣСأһ仰Ҳչǿֻʴӳ¡֮䣬ԴӳΪ
һҲӳˣӵһС
ܿͽ˼磬Ѿ룬ԺֵĲ١Ժǽǿһֵͳ涼Ǵ̣
޼ĺܺãĳڴе˼ˣһæűźӣĵȥæ˵ùǿһԷɣΪæͦġ
̾ʲôһңһ˳ԱȫҲ
Ӿô£˵ٵʱ﷼һֱûչǿȥ˼ȥң˼֤˵ǿˡ
˵ùǿҹȥ˵ǿ˵﷼ģɡ
һźӳ棬ʣ﷼չǿûϴѧɣԺҵ˾Ǹɲչǿɲһ
˵ǿɲǣ﷼ģ˵﷼һǵһº˰ɡ
ĨһĨ۾˵ҲǸǰ˵˵ڹǿǰ˵⻰ˡ
һӣǡɳҲһĿһϣ˱˴еĸӡ
˵ûϴѧ𣬽첻ǻһ߿ϴѧˡ
߷Ȼɸֵ˭˵أǹǿͷţǵøˣ˵ǵõũ񣬻Ҫ﷼гϢ
񾭲ɣһԶԣɴʱСҪһĬĬĴźӳȥˡ
ں˵ϴѧͲܵũˣũҵѧȥȰ
ʵڶθ߿Ҳûˣյĸ߿ֻڶѡҿĵİǿˣȻǳȫ״ԪҲûӡ
ԭԸչǿ﷼סһ𣬿﷼֮־۶ӡֻ᲻ִӣˣѧСô죿
Ӻܿʹ˺Ϣ˵չǿԸµĻ죬Ϊ˸߿һ
һܺô˵ġ
üü
ôģ
һ߿״Ԫѵ㣿ǰ׳գҲϴר
⣿
⣬չǿͷũûĲ׵ﳤ죬ʵ׼߿ˡ
ŵʮܿ͹ȥҲ֪ô̵ģÿζܵչǿֻ̣ڼ緹Ҳ͹ȥԣǶԹ֮󣬾һĨؼˣչǿҪϰ
Կһ˵ǻλƵʮ죬ǱźཱུһţЦޡ
һСʱֵı㣬СǴ̡
ＸҼһϷЩ֮⣬żһЩ֣ЩżȻյƵģ˵ۣ׸裬£һͻ۵Ц
ϳҪĴŴӵײأܺܿóˡ
߿ˣֻǵȳɼҲѾ˵˳źȥȥѧԱߣչһЩһҲžˡ
չǿͱ˴ѧֻȳɼܹܲǸߡ
ڣȵŵʲָգ͸չǿġ
¼ȡˣũҵѧ
ʱԸⱨũԺУѧëǣ¼ȡĺ˳ĳɼҲ㹻ߡ
ʲչǿţչǿ޷һȻǻĺڴ֮ͥ¡ʲܵģŴѧѧСƤǣҲͣԲ۾š
չǿй̶ȥ﷼ҡ
ڼǲڵĺãڵĺãûһҲˣȻߵһˣǾͺúõģ˼һӻǺúõĹӣҲѧҾͲˡ
ڶ죬չǿһˣĻؼˡֱʱűֳϴѧϲá·ʾһһġ
˾ͺ棬ôûϱӻ
չǿЦ˵˼ũϸũҵѧҵ˻ǵũûɶ𣬾ˡ
һģ̹Ȼĺ˵׷ͷѳһ
Ϊϧ
ǵũҲȥ۵˱ҸõģҸɲĹŮҴٵĹŮõչף
ֻչǿԼ֪жʹ졣˵õũǼٵģҪӡ
ֻ﷼ĵϲһţǲʹ졣
ҹȥׯΪ˽¼ȡ֪ͨ˦﷼ϡȻҪ顣
﷼ɫǳ֪﷼ǲҪϴѧ֮Ŀ㣬ʹɵ
ڰǰĸ﷼ѧУкöɲӵ׷⣬ν˿Ӱ첻顣
鴫һʱѾ﷼ƶѾѧУ̸һˣԲġ
һҲֻǸ֮һЦչǿӲһء
ϳѧŸӻ򲼣æҵ°ְ֣һЦˣва
ӸһŵԴǵ˵˲˵С
һЦ֪˵С
뵽ԺһʣȻӲЦ㣬ֻǳЦϺݺݵÿһһвС֮ѵó˵չǿչǿҪǿ﷼ֵ̫ˣ̫Ǹ˾ܲˡ
һԺĵͷǲ˵ΪʲôҪӦӺһ𣬲Ȼ³Ҳã̫ˡ
Ȼһ֪ԺԭѵúͿİ鱾δõһ棬òڣ϶Ҫֵඡ
һĳ˵ĻӦţδλܹˡ
лҪ˵Ȿͦ˵ģʮˣдԼˡкúᣬûβŶ

 89 

ʱŵһŰ, һѾʼо, СѧУ׶԰顣û, ʮһ㲻һҪȥ
С, 裬ȥ󲮳Է𣿡
ѽ󲮸˸ҪһԸȻԷҪԹԵŶ
Сʮ֣صĴӦˡ
չǿҵʱҵѾ䣬ҲоǵĽڼʵ, չǿ˵ֵءЩ꣬Ҳֻڹڵʱ档ƽʱȻһĻᵹǺ١
ԷĵطڹӪ󷹵, , Ӫ󷹵Ѿ˽˳а, ӯ, ˵ζǼõģǮҲǼġܿóչǿܿ
ϯչǿǸﰤ˼ˡ
ָܽߵĹ, ҴѧͬѧѧӢģɷڸҴ󡣡
һһ, и֣ͷִֺڵģһɣˡʵ۳࣬һ˺
˶ɷǳ⣬Թ֮һֱ˵ǿͷˣ˼ɷǱصģ˴ѧֱӰŹҪǹǿҲ㹤ͺˣоооɶأѧоһֵʲôоġ㹤ַӣ飬ʲô㡣
һôǾֻ˵˵ʵϲôֻҪžͺˡҪΪչǿһ䣬ũҵоҲҪģʳһ㡣оƷ֣Ҳġ
٣ʡ
һһʳĲ˵Ŷһɡ
ʲôѵģϷʣĵ㣬Ҳֳ
һΪչǿˡԼٹ̵˼ϵĺѸı䡣
ת˵ģﶫʰ˰ɣλȥ˵Ҫլأסʱͦġ
ʱ򣬳Ӵӷ극ǮװһԿף͵İʮĴţһԽĸ˧һ㣬ǳ˵У̫ÿ˼һ˵Сź̸⡣
аɣ㿪ľͺá
ĳӣȷԵϳࡣϳɵĲ˵߰ɣҿǻȥ
Ӹձҵһϱ˻һڵԽԽʱһڸʲô˴ѧĳӣȷǺǰĳӲһˡһǰܿһˣʱ˵ķʽô׬ǮһҪԴһ£óٸϸĽ͡
չǿ˵ҪɷɢɢѧУǳֻһˣСĻͷϣȥŷ
ʱıͷгһǳټڽͷ衣
ûþ͵˼ңڵļѾң֮ǰӵĶģ֮ǰĶŲס֮󣬷࣬һȻò㣬ѷӴͨˣԼҵ
³֮Ŵ˯ŵСȥˣӺͿһں棬ͻȻĸڿһߣʣ뿪ǻؼвС
ȻУһ˶٣˵Ҫ㲻ϵ·ô
óȫͼѾӱϣһߣȻ׼ġ
һ룬ǻŸڻܵĶȹһһҹһѡǰߡȻϲŸ 
ǣӿ³ص˼硣
̫ˣӵ˶ˣһСγ
ʣӲѧôôǮء
˵ϰˣйʣڸó֪𣬸óף⡣
˷Ŷ
չǿ
Լǰǿչǿҵǰ˵ڸоأоʳģһء
ɶϷʣ ࣬˳ܷ
ϷʣϷ࣬˳Ĳࡣ
Ⱥ£Ϊũ񣬲ò˵˺ġ׷ѯûģùǿ㣬֡
ǿһ˵ʵ׶Σȵ׼˲С
Ůڼҳ̵ģǺͶӳ˵ӵͷǳӣĵ϶ӳ˵
˭뵽ʱ򰡣˵ӣһǸпϱӣǿῴһۣԹѾ׵ʧˡ
ʵϱӵԭ򣬺ܺò£ûǮȥβĴǮʱû˰϶ӳˣǾԲΪֵҵεļֵ ġ
ⲻһңң϶ӳȥҽԺ˵һϹͷˣӵ¶ˣŲȥҽԺǸǮء˰ҲҪڼ
ԣһʵ̫Ϊʲô˽黳黳ƹ·һһ飬ǲʩһ㵽ȥ֪ܲҲ޷صϱʳˡ
ϼҵѹ󣬾ҪʼˣϷǮһж˵һжҪƱҲ򵽷ǳ۵˹Ǯܷ֮󣬺öæ
վһرۣ˰װ׾ġ岮ֵǶչ˳ӣ˵ǴѧɲĻվžС
ǳӲĲˣÿȥҪΪ޷Ҳһ顣
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ӽüͷƺ˵ЩʲôӦجˡ
ڣӵλ˵ڣҲѹ
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ոһõΣε̺ܾûзַˣ֪ô£ûпһֻһΪ񻹺ȥҽԺǮһżˡ
˯ȥ֮ǰ룬ǧҪˣȻʵԼֹ¶ƶûŵĸоȻ˸ͬܡ
˯֮εˡ
ξТ̰ˣֻд峤Լĸǰ䣬չǿ﷼˵һأһôû
ɼֻܿȥȥͺ屳ľˡ
֪ܿһôûأԼʱ򣬾ڿһİˡ
еĲμӸ߿ʵһΪ״Ԫֻǰ׶ѧֻû˿һӰ
ʮֵĳأüͷǸԼֲԼ˹¶ȥȥ
һأȥҲһ
˿һϣǸĿûĸˣҲѾȥ׺ͱ˼ͥ
ԼŽһŲĶӣСҲûжмȥֺչǿ﷼չǿȻ﷼һ˻һӣϣҲһ͵ӡ
룬Ҷһ̳ӣǺǡչǿĸӡ
ֲ֪ô˿һļңȻû֪ȻԼ˵˵Ǹйϵ𣿡
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ճǴ绰˵ɧҰЩ˸ߡͳɫ־˲֣ܲûЩİˡ
ճǵͷһԲЩ˵䣬żļ϶Ͷȵ
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ճǵͷ﷼˵Ƕҵݣ׽һЩҲûʲôġ˭֪˭֪սž˵Ұѷӹ磬á
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ȱߣûͣ
صԼļңӿԼܿԼΧΧŵһ¼š
ܺʹʱġӡͬܣȴڵԼԼֵĸܡ
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֣ӴѾ֪Լε˿һ˵ǰˣǣ־·һ˿˿Ϥӡ
˼䣬ۣԼҵĶϷԺﴫСӵЦСѾϼҵĺǴһƬԺܡ
ȻǼˮʮֵ£һں˵ʲô˵˴Ц
С飬
һ־С֮󣬽־ϣӿţĪ졣Ƶɫнһ仨һ
ǰȥõϸ˭־
̧ۿһһĿҵģӵıҲҷҪϴģ°ɡ
˵ͳһҪ
־ʮƣ涼ССĺߣǿһǸһ
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