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½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ



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1 ̫

ʮ£ֵ¡ѩ֮䶳ɪɪ
֪ΪΣǺȴ˿ֵˣ˶ڳſŲӿȥ
Ŀ֮£ֻһٻӰվڳ⣬ϺѩŮȻֻһ㵥ļɢų֮£һ˫ֵǵڳſˮ
˻
ĵһ紵̼ÿһʹ񾭡
˾ըըִƴһĸоζݡ
ʲôط
ô
԰ټƵĿֱĶţ΢üָоοǶŪ԰ĺһʮֲˬ
Щˣ˭
ɣһΪǼٵأС˸ˡ
Ұ˵СӱʥּͻĻԼɷʱԣС˷ҴС˻μ޸˾ǧꡣ
ǧꣿعλϲǸɶ̫ɣ¶ļٵİ
һƭ㲻ɣиڷ︮׶үľء
ǷС㲻Ӧھǧ긮ôզڶǽ⻹˸ˣ
ҾͲ֪ˣҲϢ֡
һһĻĶУ֧ϢһһĻĻļӿֳϵǰ
׷ɵĴѩʺļ£һףԼСеһҩ
ԭˣ
Ϊʮһ͹ӶڻУ֮ʱͬķСϣһߵĹټС㡣
Щ˵С㱻ˣ
ľϸ˫ۣǴɰ׵֮Ϻۼ˫ˡ
ۼʲôȻö˵м䶼ԭⲻıԺУΨϷʲôȫǵˡ
ѵıַˣ
գ
ʱһԶ˵ߡ
Ŵ֮ʱһſжӳڷǰ
Ǹޱ飬˭ǷǼھ޿Ƶġ
Χۿֵ·ǿȺ֮ʣһԲ۾׷׺Ⱥ˰ǻƤһ
ЩɶǾǧ긮ɱ޶ɱ˲գ۵
ĸǧظ
Ϊ׵һ۷ģĿбڵı¶ǿһ²ļ֮ʱͬۻ֮Ũš
ĸ롣
һûκξ⣬̬֮Ȱм
Ŀ˿ֿһǰһͷеĸ˵Լ
ǧǸ̫࣬СΪΪ̫޲ŷɱġ
ԺеļƬԽǧ긮ȥġ
ɵ
˼ˣȥļ򣬴ǳһ˿ƵЦ⡣
ֵ㿴и䲻ľǧ꣬Ǿ͵ˣһǧҲһò绨֮Ҹһ𣬶Բԣ
֮鶯֮ͼ˵ǣûҲĵĬˡ
ɽˮֵ꣬Ǿʹ˱
ѧŹ˵ӣĳǱȭǱ˭֪ת֮ȴһֺֻݺݵץס˼򣬺޲ðùǶһ㡣
˵Сһץסͼ棬ֱ
ɷ˭ʮһ͹ӶɱȨ
񲻹ǻһ壬Ⱥ˸۸ˣ
һĨЦ⸡֣к⽥Ũ
̧֮䣬Դ羢סţһɾĹˤ£ֻĻһѩϣѩһƬ
Ҷ㻹һЩ
ŵ㽫ǧ긮ڽ£Ӳ̬ˣԴоԵʱ
ʮһȷѪӻΨһĿġ
Ϊ棬ÿÿʽκεĻ·ڵӵҪЩҲġ
ֻܲͲƽΪϲߡ
ŭˣ֪ʲô
Сӣǡ
ı뿪˵Щʲôǰȴʼת
ô£
ʶϵϮ˦˦ͷͼԼѣεĸоԽԽء
գڰռȫʶ֮ʱǵкӰӲĵѩϻȥ
Ĳڽµֳ˵汳ģŻȥŮˣ䲻ԵɣŻԵķС
ظ
һ£һʱһȴҲʧӰ١
ջ¥֮ϣһ£ƺ¿ʹ˰ɫӣŽʧеɫƽˮƺں֮˭
Ϊ˰ᵹǧӾʹԼδޣ˵ȴɷΪС
֪ʱ¹Цмֵ٩֮⡣
źˣˡ
ֻǿϧ˷޹С㣬ƽֱ衣
ǿ
¹ҡͷ̾ϢŷĵȴǿϷ顣
ûְδޣȥǧ긮İ¹ٳ˾䡣
һ仰˵Ĳʹʥּͻδޡ
ֻһ¼ĶŮ÷Ķһʱ䡣
ǲͱˡ

2 ̫

ԵķĲ֪緢ʲô飬֮ʱɫѾ͸ˡ
ںҡҷһ˫ӭĹâİĻ
ʲôط
˻
¸ߴķĵһڵͷŶûһõĵط
ֻǳŽŲڱѣǸоҲǧ̴һʹš
ģ
İһ䡣
ǰӶ壬ֱУ
Ϣһᣬָܻ˲١
Ժвļֻԭ˻뿪︮С¶ҩƨαٳ֮ȫȫƬհףʲôŵԭڵģ
ɷôҲ벻Ȼڰ״̬ƺԼԼǧ긮⼸֡
Ѳ̫ฮ
Ļܣݻ繬ķտĺܣټĿռнмװƷһشŵĸߴԼһǶеѪζ
ѪζʮеķȻᵽΧϢ
ǧһϲĥ˵̬ÿһμ޵ǧ긮ŮǰŽڶ춼ű̧ȥ״Ϊҡ
ף뵽ĶĵļƤһأԹŻ¹ΪֲܲȱݶһЩŰá
ҲΪηҲСļ޸ǧ֮꣬޵ԭ֮һ
ôϲԷ׵ܵΪҪЮ޾ǧ꣬ɱ˷ǧԡ
ģģǷҵŮȴһһ¡
ʱһŲһԼ֮С
Ҫʷģ¡
Եͳ£һķѩ˷䣬ڰӸֳһĨɱ⣬ǱģӰֳߵĻƿ
̫࣬Ϊʲôô
ʱ죬һĨкԾ𣬷еĻƿ˵Դȥ
ֻҪǧһȥѰҷǧԴ뿪Ҳǻԭ׳һݶ飬Ժ飬ȻǸʼµ
˭֪žһ죬ƿû˵ͷǣһӻ顣
ɽĻƿƬǣеǶľУеĸ˺ǷĶʱˡ
ϳصĺڵϽ˻һƬڰ֮УԱһ䱸Ķڵķк⽥Ũ
ֲ̫࣬
ΪӶ»Ļǽ·ƣ
ղһоԵܽطɱȴ̫ɻ⣬˵ֲ򵥣ҪСӦԲǡ
ˡ
𣬵ͳǺ
ڰķУڷĵĿ׼ȷĲ׽˵Ӱ֮ʣһ˫ǵĵҲͬڷĵϡ
ǵӰǰİٴɻĵɱУǣסù˷롣
˵Ǻɱٵġ
֡ү
һĨЦ⸡ֶǯסֱ۵ķĲδ֮İݣ֪ʱеĻƿƬֱİݵʺ
ǰİݺһɿǣŷĵ֣ʱΪƽ
飡
ˣ
飡
˴ѷ֣ڷļ࿴˶Էһۣǲ⡣
ѵǧ껻˿ζˣ
޷С㶼·һ
ΪŻɫؿζƼ棬ⲻ֪ݵһȫдϷ
ַ̫࣬ſ
գѷһﱻİʮĶѹ˸ߴϡ
Уϱ֧ļ¸ǲȱȫ߸߿ȹ¶⡣
ģҪ̫̫ûע⵽µϰôˤڴϱ̫סš
Ůˣô
صڿУһֻ޳ĴŷϸĲ
ֻҪİ΢΢һŮΪһ߱ʬ塣
߱Ŀģٿ㲻
ģ
ѹµķתͷĿİݣأһĨޱȵЦǣЦ쵽۵ס
˵ô֪ǧͨˣСŮӾͲԲóȻˡ
ΪӶķļǮͻȥ
ߵͬ£ֻлȥϣʶʱΪ֮һ
ǧ֪ʲôСŮӶȻ֪޲޲ǧܲȷſСŮ˼ҵĹͷҪء
Ļ˿̲Ǹ˿ŮӶϧ̲֮סȥǻһ
оǣǵʧ֮ʣһĨЦ۵ס
Ȼ䣬Ѹײڶ֮ƻعѹ˵ߵסš
һϵоٶˮõȨķİЦۣЦµģˡ
ˣô
Ϊɱ˱ô
ѹµİЦǵĵƺҪ˵ȥһ㡣
İݻµһ̣һ׶ĵʹֱܶϣ˼ķһѪӿǰһڻ˹ȥ

3 ๫˼

ȷһѾǵڶ糿ˡ
ҹһĻĻϵĻصԺ֮У˼⡣
ɱİݣΪκʹȫޣжһ
ʲԺС
Ĳͷ֮ʱĿϵĺۼ֮һӡ뼡ĺɫߴһֱ쵽ദ
ʲô
Ĺơ
İǿ·ǰǴĿĵĺ֮ʣһС
̧𣬷ѭǵԵȥֻ֮һӰ֮С
һ£۳޳ΰѻɫ׺֬壬ǧīһһ˫ŨɫոպõĽü֮£ǵĵƺҪ˵С
еΣգֻҪᱻǣƫƫ˲ĸԸӭȥ
ǵ²߽ÿһգգͷûɵĴ˸䡣
̫ǲǳе̫ÿˡ
˵е̫಻һֳַŹѼɤӺһ˳ô
ѵ̫ҲƷˣ
ȻİݵĿ֮ȴҲ˵֡
Ĺƣʲô
һ׹֮
һ׹ҽԹо١
ѵͻȻʹʼǰ߶ΪʲôĹƣ
̫࡭һԵʱظ¹ƣף
һı飬ԭ̫ڰá
ŷɫİݵ΢΢𣬵δŭ֮޳յڴǰĳϣŵıɢһΣյЦ⡣
ĹϽһֹƶ֮ʱ߳Ͽʳʹޱȣÿղýҩ֮й֮˽һ̲Ѫˮ
ϣСŮϾǺ˸ЦСŮʲôĹƣƤ
İݻµĵһĨ޺ЦݣԹɵڴϡ
ǧ˲С˹СŮһΰɣСŮʲôء
棿
ŷпСģİתĴָϵİָ˫ʱƭˣʱռթɱķķЦŨ
ǧȷθмٻ
ľַԣǱֿԸ춯ء
֪ǷıİĹǣԣ֪ĻΪȽҪ˽һ
ӽǱٵǴǧŮˣɳǧ긮ÿճʱȥ鷿ԻһŽҩˡ
İݵĻ÷һ㶡
Ϊ̫˵ʲôΪĻ˵Щ
ֱ߷ô򵥣̫ʲôıڵ
²òͷ
̣
̫̫ãƽƶķһҪÿ
˻
Ѿ˳ʱ̣ڵĹƶҵʹӿͷ۵ɫ԰׶ĺ鲻ϵص
һŰɫҩڷǰҩİӸĽÿĹƶҩ
ĽŽɵĽɫҩȥȻյʱʹɢȫѾˮ͸Ǵˮ̳һ㡣
ٷ˵Ļף
Ŷģ́ͷ¶İ˫԰׵ǣһĨα͵Ц⡣
Ľ๫̻塣
İҪǧɳǧ긮ٻôȻܣֲǵĴˣǰ滹оŸǰ
ļ֮УİǴȨ㳯ҰĻ¹٣ʵߵĺˣС㱾ʥּͻδޣȴͷǧŮˣŵ̸ӡ
ľԭĴھһӣҺ̫Щʲô̫ҲﵽĳĿģŻιĹûŪ
̫ʲôʱµĹƶ
ϵĻ棬ض̫µʱ򶯵֡
̫࣡
ŽʧеӰĵһ̫࣬߳ȥİͣ˽Ųйһ˿Цŷġ
˸ղ˵Щʲô
๫㻨Ǯɣһģȥǧǡ
һС˸֮£İݿһ۷ת뿪˷䡣
ǧ긮鷿Уһ߰Żǵ˫ۣмֲĿİݡ
ǧ굱Ҫ·ģ
ŮǷҺϸİΪҪĵ
̽ҺӵĿ֮ǰҲ
οôȤŮ뿴
鱨ܵķСȴһˣѾĲδݣҲδƤߡ
ˣҪһȫ㣬Ҳɵһ֡
ǣǧꡣ
һӵʱ㽫һһӵĽ鱦޳аᵽ˷ľסıԺ
Ŀŵ֮ֻеǮð

4 ˾ǽ

ǧ긮ա
ǻŵӡ
һİݱ˹ֻܶǰ︮
Ӿǧ긮ǰ︮һ·϶·˸ָá񶾵Ļ
ޣ¼Ůˣǧ˿
ǣֲҪŮ˺̫䣬һŵһӾ쿪۰
˵̫͵ôͬģ̫ķֲУҪįˡ
ǾͲ˰ɣ˼Ҿǧϣ˵أ
һĿĻĵĶУڰƤϵŮȴһںĳ㿴ġȤ¡Щ˵һ
ԿηĹȻ಻ܵĶˡ
Сʲô
ϲޣֱ˽ߣ޸̫ΪޣΪ˱ܱܵһ·
ʱ򲻼κһ˿˿΢һйĵϡ
˵ˣ㵱շСɱ֮ԺһƬհף䶼ԷıһȺ˸̣ˡ
ûб衯ͨҽﻹûô
ȻһƬЩۼǻ֮࣬ĲЩۼӦúԭõĶҩйϵ
µֳˣŲŲķСѰĶҩ
ߣȤ
֪䣬ͣ˷︮ǰ
ˣ︮ˡ
ǧ긮ƿӣһ˽
Ľ˽ϰɫĺô΢̧ǰϤİĸۡ
ˣ̤ܲ︮м黹Ҫԭȥġ
˷︮ӽ븮ۡʼǿĵʮֵĲƣЩ·˵Ŀͬһ͸顣
վס
һλط︮ĿǴȡ߷ԭĸλȴǰõ·ϱһ
зԨǷμҲǽӵס
ĿŵǰһɫķԨһƬ䡣
ɶ¡
УĵĸϹǷԨˣһŮӱƽ֮ŮȴΪ毺ñԨǿ°·ĺͷǧԽ֮ܶ󣬷ԨϹѰķˡ
ԴˣϹĺͷǧ˱㱻ںԺ𣬶ϹҲǰزֻ½ܶΪ
︮ƺ˽ܶһֱһһʥּͻ飬︮зһŮ
ԭΪȴ֪һжֻجεĿʼ
Ѿͷֱǰһ¶֪ԼͳΪвĵӡ
ҵĶҵô
ԨǶ˵ĺǳһ˿˿Ů֮еҲȻ޴棬ȻҲں⹷ƨ顣
ԨղǾ仰ʲô˼ʲô
жߣĲδֳʣ֮ŷԨĻ˵ȥ
ǧ긮ڶ࣬ұĽ޴֡

Ԩŭŷûãŭһɣв֮⡣
Ҹʱ䣬ǻҲƤ֮͵Ÿʬɡ
һӣԨʱ֮ȥʧڷǰ
ǵʧеӰȴЦ
Ƥ
ԨƤƺھǧ긮ĳһطҪҳƤȡǧԵ
Ƥʲô޴ӵ֪鱨ȴǶԷʮġ
ҩӣƤ
ˮġ
ĴϹλڰ׼뿪︮˭֪ǰŸո̤֮︮ʱֱ˸
ǰһ߰Ǳ֮ɫŮ̾һ
︮Ⱥǲ̵ƵģһҪͣ
סĵĲǱˣǷ︮Сû۸ĵĶ񶾶㡣
ŮһӣճŮģŮŮĺһӷǧԡ
һ仰ĸ˱Ļ̲滣ݰųСӺಡС̫
ԭĻŵʱ򣬷ʱ۸ܶΪ֣ȻҲŹΪǧӵķˡ
ϣС㻹Ϊ˭أⲻǷô
ͼŮס˷ĵȥ·һŮۼַⷢİҪ
Ǵǰķͱŵηηһ۸ʱͬա
ž
һİ£һƴŮϣŮԭغһҲûӦղŷʲô
ÿ
£̧ǰУȴŭĿ˦һƾҪȥ
ҴСˣ㵱Ƿˣ
ž
һİ£һʺİƺۼڷϡ
˦˦ЩƣɼղŴһжô

5 һһһ

˾ǽ飬ǶʮһĳӾĳרõĴ
ڷǡ
ǷɨصǶˡ
Ǹղſɶ
ľȻָ˶СһƣķСֱѪ
ˡ㾹ȻҴңٸҴСһԣС㶨Ȼ֡
ž
ž
ҿĿ˦˷ơ
ǺһƬİС֮кײʵ̿
ȻôҪһǵһлһһһ
΢ЦţһĨ޺Ц⼫߸ȾһԵ˶ɵˡ
ǰһĻôСƽﲻ¶СôôִС㡣
˻عʱ򣬷Ѿ
뿪֮ǰϸӣ̽ͷ˵
ñȥǧ긮ǽö˺úɡ
£ʧڽֵͷ
˭֪ǧ긮ǸʲôĴڣ︮ų̂ǾԲǧ긮Ϊеġ
С仰Ѿ˵һУǽСһٸҲȥǧ긮С鷳
ˣСţ
ŽʧеҧгݵĽ˫ȭ
÷ҶСܴ衣
СţСһΣڶεΣ
صڶߣӷ︮뿪ķİٰĵĴ˯
Ȼ䣬ǰеͣ÷˯ȫޡ
ôˣ
ƿųһȥȺе
ط˵Ļǰ̮˲Щȥ˵ģĪлظ
Ŷ
紵ķһ䣬³֮ʱԶһȺѪĺͯڽС
ˣʲôȥ
׼һ·ظǿŷһգȴҲڷ˷ԡ
߰˸һͷϺ϶Ѫͻҳ಻΢һЩĺӱ׵ĺĺţͼСܵŵĿ
ˣĪҪȾ˷纮ְظ
ȥҩ̶һЩֹѪҩͰײ
Ĳûеɫԭزк⽥Ũ
ǧҪҵģѵҲˣ
ֱİİݣǲĲ鲻ԸİշĵָʾȥҩֹѪҩͰײ
֣ǰ˿ڣԹԵĲŶ
ЦᣬůůЦ㰲ܵſֹĺӡ
ͯգһ˫۾С֣ſСʵĿɰ
ĶڵϸǴϵ˿ڣеǰרעôͣδǰļؤκ֮ɫ
ڱ˿ǲ׷ôĿʲôԷ˵ȺӵϿԼȥӰӡ
⣬֮Ψһưɡ
ҵǮ
žǧ긮֣Ϻ·ϾմȾųѪǵǷ
ʲôôֲǲǣҵǮǲҿˡ
˵ţֱ㳯ǵ·ȥܲ˷ĵֻôӻͳһЩӡ
ô㣬ǧ긮ĸҲôǸɴɢˡ
ǮǵķģǾǧͰŮ˴ж˿ȥιˣһŮǰָֻš
ЩǮ뿪඼һĴలȵĹӣô
һаУ뿪صϡ
ޣҪŮˣٺġ
ǣֶ˵ģҲԼǸʲôɫѧ˵
ǵǰһⱻӼ޸һ̫ࡣ
Ǽ˵˿ˣһŮʲôִġ
һ⺮绹ҪϼֵصڷĶߣеԹš
зĵľٶˣãֺûǮ
ǰ·ɱ£˼ֲŻصǧ긮ⲻ֪һĿȴʧķȥĿмɼֲ⡣
ġ

6 һɽݶ

ѾԶȥķĲδĿɫ
صǧ긮ĴŻǷһʲôûԡ
ջŸĸдһָʰζ뱥һҲǳȺˣҪôֹҪôá
ˣԼַʳ
һӰææµµĺ棬һԵĳҪæβ岻֡
鷿УոմӳϹİݿݹܺһ˫Ϊÿĵţеɫ˼֡
ء
ڳְͽз˹
˵ţеķĴ鷿ĳ鷿֮ʱİݿǰӶһſӵŮӣĽü΢΢һ
Ϊǧ긮ĸ³ʧݡ
֮⣬ڵǾǧ긮ŮˣҪģҪõġ
һʳסжҪΪ

ſӼһô᲻֪İ˵ʲô¶֮ſ˵
๫ʲô
ӣΪǧ⼸ԵǽһݻõǽһݳޣϲͰǽӴġ
̫಻ļ鳼νǽַ̰ӵ˼¡
ֻôȥҪѪǸѪѹѪ֬
һ˫İݵϣӴϣһźÿĹֵĿвʳ˼̻ɣһһˮһĿ
һ£¸ǳгİݷĿ֮ῴ̫඼Ǹթ
ʵʵİжʲôﲻһ
ڣթֶβ̣Ȩ书ߣؿζ̬
Ƿĸİϵļǩ
ڼթȨôҳһᵹ
ֶβ̣ôԵĹԱǼڷ
Ҫؿζ̬ǰľŸǰһңڳķĺëէ
ʷϿвʵİ̫ΪֲԹܲȱݣͨƽС
̫ҲȻ֮һҪȻǾŸ١ǰҲΪƷˣҪСĲǡ
˿жԷʲô
İݵĻ˷ĵ˼ع
һ˵ȥҷ飬һίıôˡ
๫ҪΪ˼ҶСǸȱ۵۸˼ҡ
˵䣬ķ滨꣬ģһ
֪ĻΪѷôˣ֪ߵľǧ긮ȴһ鶯ǡ
Ϸǲеˡ
ǿĿŷһһƵˤȥ֮ٶ֮Ŀ֮׼ķҶСֲ˶ԭء
ӿţɿŲΪİݣ촽ƲƲʾȤ
ҴˣԨϲĸ˵ҵô
ѾԭķС㣬Ȼù˼ɷЩ߰飬֮ԻΪĶ
ÿճʱ̱ýҩܻĹƷ֮ʱʹ࣬ҪȻɺԾǻʵ϶Ҳκβ
̫࣡
һİݣĳԵһŸоЩ
ŷ˵Żص飬İһ˫еЦкͽ
Ĳ
๫ˡ
꣬ĵĿİݰŵĵƽ͸һ˿Ц⡣
˺ϧҲܵС๫ʲôֱ˵̽ҡ
Ĳɵӡ
֪صҿʼÿһٶһ仰İݼӷΧڡ
˵ʲôĻ̫Բ顣
һ£µŵۣеɫΣշ·ǣħ
һ£³ȹŮӴǳһ˿Ц⣬Ȼģģƺ֮һС
֮ϢǷ׷ſˮ
˵С㼴ݰֵСôǰ˷ҶС㣬һӣֵǧԳֵŮ˭
գһΡ
ˣĿڴ˳š
๫ɫǽʧ߸꣬Ϊǵ๫ΪΪ๫һ֤֮ҩ
ãΪУΪʶʶҽ
׻˵úãһɽݶһһĸ

7 ҪҪʾһ

ҹɫ󣬷ѩ֮䣬ƺҪ
ǧ긮ѩ԰
΢һŮӵӰӳڴϣŤŵ˲˵ա
๫תȥҪ˼ң˼Һúߵġ
ķ使ţ̵ҹݺת͸ɴ˫Ȼޱȣ͡
Ů֮ȴǷɭɭĹâ
๫ģ˼Ҳûıɱ׷뷨ء
£ĽİͷϵѨλС
ܵĻ̫ˣʵԼС̫߬Уֻˡ
ʱҽƺӲЩ
İݱ˫ԵУмʡ
䲻Ϊλһҽȥʧ֢֮ͷȴǼ˲١
๫˽ҵĵطأԺֶʱ˽⣬ˣʱȱ𶯡
һյڳȣǰԴһֻ⬵İݣӳ֮¹ֱֿҡͷ
ǲŨĽüǹǵĵۣǿͦıŵԸбµıϧˣϧˣ
ôɫɲ͵һֻܿܳԣװ˷һɶƤңǲﰡ
ôʵĿΪΪ㻶һô
أĿİݵʱ˫һ˿аȸֶ繴ظʹ֪ΣֻĸԸĶ䡣
̫Ǹ
ҡûúôҲΪ١ĵʮˡ
๫ǰЦ˼Ҳû뷨ء
һһ๫ĽţʱİһƽѾǰ
֮£޳ߴӰεؽ£İݿڳϵŮһĨЦ⹴ڴǱԵֻú쬵ð硣
뷨뷨ҪҪΪʾһ£ߺΪͬһ¡
˵ţİһֻǽڷĴ˳ŷĵϥǲϵ߮ڣ֫˫ָۣŷĵ򦡣
ͣǡôĺɶɲϵߣһеһжԤʾһ鼴
Ǹ๫˼ҲƻգֻԴϵˡ
ɫǰЩͷԣ̫ԴϵţҲĳ̫ջоѹ
ģЩ̫࡮١üʱ

8 ù

İΣյġ
İ߬ţÿյĳʱ̶Ҫȥ鷿ȡյĽҩĹƶľʹ
Ȼĺܲϲֱĸо²òͷǸϧˡ
ҪǵĽݣͱ̫ؿζŰˡ
ף

ճʱ֮ʱ׼ʱ׼鷿鷿ֻҩİݡ
˼Ǿǧһ糿ͽ˹鷿еȾǧ
鷿
ŷĻ鷿صأǸֳһĨ޵Ц⡣
İݶǲģ鷿ֻܳɶѵĵطĿʲôȻö˵
ǸˣûЩʱЩĶǵı֮С
˵յĽҩ𽥽ĸоʧ֪ǽҩҩЧ
ǧ긮鷿ܴ鷿źü̴ľܣڷŵ鼮ʮص伮ԼмеĹŶֻȵȡ
ڷΪλ֪Щֻ鼮֣֮ҪԺвļ
Ľܶ˱ںԺ֮ʱøĺҶԽܶ˲벻չţŲ÷Ľ
ÿһĺ̹֮ʣ鼮С⣬Ϊĺܻһʱһ
ٲʥҽ
ܽеһҽҽϵĸ֣һšٲʥҽһԵĳϷ
û뵽̫鷿ﾹȻôõĶ
ļǵԼһ濴ٲʥҽⱾļأ˵ǰǰһλҽʦ㾡һ
ҽʦͻȻʧû֪ȥֻⱾٲʥҽľð
˭Ҳ뵽ٲʥҽȻ̫УӦǾϹӵư׷
ϧϧˣ
һҳһҳķšٲʥҽĿ鼮ϼعڸ֢ĲԼ֪֮ʱĴڡ
ʮһͣΪӶʦѧϰϵлҽͬʱȽҽںһ
Ϊһֳ뻯ҽܹ׹ǣʱûм˵ĿƼҽҲֻܼ򵥵ĴһӦ˿ڣҪ̫
Ϊ˿˹ҲὫıƺķӡ
ʦеĹҽȻСɽ䷢֡ٲʥҽⱾҽ飬Ƿ´½һ㡣
İ
ķ̫רעĿšٲʥҽδһӰá
İݻ˻֣ʾҪŷġ
һк£ɢڷĵϣǵԡڹâеӰİ볣ǴżߵķĽȻͬ
ǵĵһĨЦ⣬һ˿ȤҪһķľǸʲôӡ
Ҳݣⶼԡ
Ŀм֢ط˵ǻҲ̫Ⱥ˰ɡ
û뵽Ȼֶﵽֹ﷢Ĳ֢
ȻȫΣʱַǸҽš
ںȲİݱͻýü΢һֿڱǰ߷ӻˣĪҪ鷿صش˾ǧꡣ
˭֪һ죬عǰͻȻתһ㱻һŲϣһĻ
Ũҵɱڿ֮Уİŷк˪֮һƬ䡣
Լ²ŵľǾǧ긮˲һףЦļΪá
㿴㣬ûûڵ˴񣬿
ĺǺĵֱѾѾʵδһӣѾ˵ֱ۽ӻԭλ
Ժɶ¶ֱ˵УͻȻұŪù˵ģ˼ûŵ
˵ţ࣬װŵģ
ŨҵԹıͷȥٿ
ⲻܹô˭̫һôȫǴ䡣
̫ҪǷǰͶӾˡ
ж˸첲ȥһ
ⱻŮˣͷĻط︮ʱǮֱŮˣþǧ긮δ档
Ҫǿ˻üֵķϣͽĴж˿ιˡ
ѽ๫ˣ˼ҿǺء

9 ֱ

ЦţЦǽһöĿ˿һ˫ĿԹ޵۾
๫ôһ
Ϊ򿴷˿񣬲֪ڿʲô
İݵĿɨ˷鼮һۣٲʥҽĸ۵ס
ٲʥҽ๫ܰⱾȥô
ܡ
İݺֱ˵ľܾ˷ĵ޳˫ֽһ֧򦣬һ˫˵ĵȴЦ⡣
Ƿ˿鷿飬Ϊ鷿пвٺء
İݵϣ˲һִɻҪðŽһ㣬º͵Ц˲жеķ˺޲ϵİԼ඼ͳϡ
ڱУİݾ˵̬ڷǰӦüЧϾβڰҡҡȥ
ڷǼ鼴ɵ
ŲԼΪˣʲô۶ӣȻץסСβ͡
л๫Ķ͹ˡ
ĳİݸ˸תߣ뿪鷿ʱŲͣһ˿ʲôЦݿİݡ
๫˼ҲСĿһЩû·ŮӻΪҪأ˼ҾСС޸һ¡
£һγİݸʧ˵С
ŷһİʾǼֻȡ
Ȼ̯һϹŮͼúɫıȻ˸ֶֻϻԼдһ仰
δʮֹۿڸĸͬ¼͡
ǧꡭӾôûˣ
ĶѪЩɶЩԱƷǧӲϲЩ׵ĶÿһļֵǼʮôǸŮ˸̣ˣ
İݴʼնһȻİ޳ָ豭Ƿһ
续ĵƽɨһ۱ƻĻȴһĨ˲Цӿֶ
ģΪҪôͷźء
磡
ʱصԺķĴĴ˸һ硣
ӣоһİ̫
ǧ긮ҲЩʱˣÿ˳ԾǺȣЩĴԽ˵Ȼ޸һ˺ļ鳼Ǹ̫࣬Сӹûǰݡ
ҪܰĹƸˣС𲽸ˡ
УҪϿоһ̫ԵĽҩʲôɷ֡
˲󼺣̫˵׼ɶʱͷˣʱҩһɾƨˡ
ˣҪʲôȥ
ǧ긮ſڣס˷ģѯŷҪʲôȥ
˿ſ񣬷һģ
ǧ˵ǧ긮ôţǧ궼ǻҡ
ˣְ˼롣
ȥԣţƺļ뿪˾ǧ긮
ƣװ̹
Ǽǵû
ŷԶȥӰһĨɱ⸡ֶ
ǾǧﻹãƾҲǰҫ
ѾԶȥ˵ķȻ֪ʲôɼ֪Ҳѹ⡣
ճڷиûʲôݵĲﶼǸơ
ɱ˹֮ϵԱͳµڵֻҪܳǮħͳͳڻ£ʱ˲һʬô˭˭߹Ƶģ
һȻһ̫ǣţ鲻ˬ
ʮ·ѩ죬紵絶һۣĽ˽ϵĺô멽һҩ
ٲʥҽмأνƶԳ߽Կðʱơ
Ҳ˵ȷðʱĹƵĽҩǰⲻܶԣ١
ң̫֪ϵĶ
λˣҪЩʲôҩء
ҩ̵ƹǸ߻׵üëüĿ߿˷һۣŵĿͿʲôȴѯŷҪҩݡ
ҪһЩŮ˼ҵӵҩݣ˵ϺϽݲͷҽʦˡ
飡
ĺ˵Źҩݵ֮ʣһҵײ˵Ŀ⡣
ҩ̵Ŀ຺ӻбһɫ԰׵ŮӣŮ˫¡ĶӣѪϵشŮӵµڵϡ

10 Ƹȡ

УȾҼҷˣȾ
຺ӱѪŮǰͨһ˵ϡ
УȾҼҷˡ
λ͵
ʾ⺺ӽеŮӱĲϣӱ˳ǻǰ
ʱſˣѪǰ
УҼҷôô
ӽץߵļ򣬳һ˫۾ѯŮӵ
λ๫ڰҷ˱ಡټ̥λǰ˶ˡ
ģƭңġ
ȻߵĻԽߣʱŵһŮϸӬֹźӵľٶ
ܡ
أأء
ӳ嵽߽Ůӵ֣ʱŮѾǽ٣ûٹˡ
԰ոֳһĨ޵Ц⣬Ů֪ӣҪǰ࿴һ۰ˡ
ҡֻ㡭ߵˡ
ģҴӦ㲡ȥɽ˵ɽĻˣɽҰ
еˮͣӿ˳
롭ȥɽĻ
һĨЦ˴ǣգŮӱ˫ۡ
֮Īڴˣ밮
˵ϢڿУε̾һϺô멾߽ҩ̺ڡ
ܸϹˣҴ֣׼ЩˮһЩ޲
˵ţĽ⿪Ůϵŵ㻮ȥɷĵмŮӸʱȴһǿƷЩУڴһ㿪һ
С֮㾹ӡ
Ӻͮͮ˫һ㣬˭жΪ֮־壬Щг˷ġ
˵ѡһ̥һƸȡһ
úͺ٣ԭû˵һȥŮӵĸ
ŷĵһһĻֱһӹ֮ʱڼһӹе˫ӡ
ˮ޲
Ľ˫ӴŮӵĸȡ˳ץסӤĽŽĳ̥еˮ
ڣӤһҲ
һз˲䣬ʵÿÿµҪС
ֿƼҽĹŴһǺ޷Ԥơ
Ӥˡ
ãʲôҪֱ˵
Żعæ˫ӣӤϴһ͵ǰǺȴԭء
λ๫һһŮ̥
ȻϲģҲ˵ʲôףĻϾû
ӲŴнӹӣۿһκͨһڵϣķǷڵķ
˾֮û
źӵĻȴЦЦ͸ŵĳ֮⡣
˫ӴŮӸȡķڸŮ˿֮еĵߣŹǰĺӣ˵
лҵлˣһס˫ӣһС
ϴɾ˫֣ķںߣеı֮Ũ¡ϺҪϼ֡
֪Уɱ˵ĲǱˣ㡣
һĨЦ⹻ڴǣǺԼеΪΣҩ뿪ҩ̡
뿪ҩ֮ʱҩ̵Сͯ˹һֽɡ
ѩˣƹҸͰɡ˵պʱҩԺҩݷĲȡ
תƹл⡣
죬֪ʱ˴ѩëĴѩ׷ۡ
ľɡѩУؼһɫӰѩУ¶ȴ־ǿ
ǵʧѩеıӰջ˫ɫһΰ
ûɱĿȷģû뵽ῴ˾һĻƸȡӣǾĺܰ
һ£ĹЦţеȤζƺΪղſһĻ̾ѡ
û뵽ľȻһ֣ƸȡӣҲû˸˵Ⱦٶ
˼ŮӵУӿĺ͵ǧĴϣ
ӳɴȤЦȴһ
ߣһϰССŮѡ
ɫ˫һĨɱ⣬ʱ䣬Ҳʱˡ

11 ڲٶû

ĸջصǧ긮㱻ȥ鷿
Ƶ鷿УİݶķһһûЩ࣬һ˫ŶȻʱʱĶš
ˣһݵ˼붷֮˿ڡ
ô๫Ҳ֪ںϵôȻǹӮźã๫зݶҲڲǡ
֮鶯֮ķ˵ػľð˵İݡ
̫һ˫ŵĵ۰ţԼղ˵ЩǷƨ
๫˲˵ҽĿҲµһɣĽҩΪ๫ڷ絲ϵɽ»𺣣۾գһ¡
ջؾǧ긮̫ʢװһһͬ
ɵ
մԽС˵·Ǵ֧߾ı֧ߡ
ԭΪС㣬Ӧò̫̫࣬ļ鳼ĳЩҳ֮ʿⲻҪ鷳
ңСȻʲôֵעĽɫ͹ΪĿĽ㡣
һǾǧİݵķˡ
ڶǱĿŮ
Ǳ󣬱ǧ긮Ϊ̫޵Ůˡ
֪Լû裬ϵϺۼǵʱҩ֮ʱ඾סϹȱȡ
Ķѻ£ʵ֤˷ĵļ衣
İⰲ˻תƵߣӶﵽĳֲɸ˵Ŀġ
ڷڷת֮ʣİݽеɫһһ۵ס
һ˫ĳ΢΢һĨЦ⡣
ŮЩ롣
ӦûǵǼšҹͼ⼸šͼǳ֮ʣһżֵʮ
ͼ
ʲôҹͼ
Ŷ
ˣ̫˵ӦԼ˵ǼŹŮͼ
̫൹ǺܱǼŹŮͼ
ҲǣûǶҲֻܶŻԲ޵ĳ棬ЩŮͼˡ

๫ģֻҪ๫ӦĽҩһȥμӹ磬⳥๫ľʧ
ŷһĨᶨİ΢üͷǺĻô⳥νľʧ
ҹر磬鷿Уİݲ鿴һһţ˵ɱɭ쳣
ˡ
õİݵ׼߽鷿лһ
˭
ؾǧĻǷģ˵Ҫ⳥ǧľʧ
δ̯һϵݣʱһڰе߰˫˳ĿⶢǾк鲼
СģĪҪǷĵļթ֮ơ
İߵİȻҪӵİȫ
ǷĻǷ֮ˣҪС²Ŷԡ
˺̯
ǣϡ
ϵָʾһ㽫̯չʾİݺϵǰ
ɲãһȥ˫׵üë߸üë֮µ˫۵ͭ塣
⡭⡭
ⲻϵıʵ棬ϾʲôȻ˾㵡
Ųӿһۻ֮һѪЩ˳ȥ
⻭ϾȻһһŮõ֮һһλʵʵĳǰŹ֮һ㡣
࣡
ѪյſˮæĻӵ˵ϡ
ǧꡭһǹġ
ǲǹİݲֻ֪֪ӡΪͷ۵úܣ»ᾫְɡ
У֪Ŀָľʧʲô˼ˡ
鷿зĲģԼĻġ
´Ҫʲô
Ҳ֪̫ܲܽеĻŮģô̬Ӧûܰɣ

Ϊ˽ҩڲٶûˡ

12 ̫࣬Ĺݰ

գѵõĴ졣
ǰʹУİߣһ̫࣬ԼǿŻƶʥ
һ£ݻ˿ĵɫϵسȹڶǶ˽˿ĺޣŵķϲһֻ״Ľҡҡ֮ϵ׺貶ĿıʯĻζʯײһ𶣵죬ö
öиƨá
ֻлݵŮӲܴĵεѣһɫĵȹҲᱻǲƤ
̫Ǵ
ҡεڣһм䣬İǰ޳ָŲ豭ĿȴбĿ۾תġ
ʲôô
ͳԵصڷĶϣѭ̧ͷ˫¹ĵۣǶҩǣŪ̫
ʱɣԾ
һĨЦظڴǴظȷŽ糿İݽ׵
๫ӦֻҪϵõʹĽҩɡ
˱ֵúãΪһ˽˷ϵĶ
İº͵ЦţŵĵһԻĵҲЦͽİʮ˴ʺ˸顣
ˣ
²òͷƳҩ̫޵ʱ
ǰУİʱ֮ڵ˹ǰ
ʱĻʹǰѾۼĸ߹ٱȭк
ǧ긮Ⱥ֮ʱԭֵĳ˲䶳ᣬȻֹ
һЩ
İݲ˵ı˵ƿֽĴӳϱ
һϵеľٶŷǧٴεϤ
Ķ˷İ֡
񣬺޲ðȫĳ谮һˡ
Ϣʾ֮ĸѾչ޷ĵز
ʱԭ첻֪ʱܲһƣ󺮷紵Ʈµѩɢڴϡ
İݱķ˫ڵϵ˲䣬԰ټƵĿ׶һ
ȥ
ô
ɱ˵ĻľԼͶ̥ˡ
СôҪǶΪ۵ġ
ԵĻ£İ֣һֵֻȥķϵİѩһֻǣŽĵСֽĹΪȡů
ٶڳ˶ɵˡ
ǲǳֻþˣ˵۾Ϲˣ
ǧ꾹Ȼ谮С㡣
˴ľҲİͻľٶһ
С
̫࡭Ĺݰ

13 ˵ڻе

С
Ļĵķ緹³ˡ
ã̫Ļˡ
أһĨЦ⸡ڴǣ촽һ˫˸ӨӨâ
ѩ֮Уֻһ£ɫȹŮͷŮ̧ͷĶڷټĲҡ졣
Ĵİгϸ֣֮ʱطȥİݷѩһɫϸֳһĨɬ糺졣
ߣһһҲ뿪๫
˵ţż⣬˫İݵա
΢΢ĴǽӴŸǱĿգĵľٶñӶ·˸±ƲԣͬҲİ˫ĵ۽һ¡
գЩΡ
Ϲ˶ܿжôĶ
ɶ̶̵ļʱ䣬ǧͷ֮ʲô飿
дʲԼϷȴźչ
ΣмʮȷǾǷĺ;ǧԹŮĹϵǳ
ϷҲˣҲˣҲ˽ʱ
ĸİ󣬶һǰһڳĹϣǰٰ칬
һ·ϣĶܸܵĿɨ䡣
ڴŻ˼ǧϡһ桢⡢ӡɫС
·ٳҲյ㣬ȺĽ˾ٰ֪
ŮֿŮڹֱߵλãȻҲС
Ϊǧӵķ˵һʮ۵λϣһγΪĿĽ㣬ȵ輧ҪʶĿ

ε̾һ
Ϊǽ֪ɽлƫɽУǲ뻢ѨûӣǡͶ
ڵһŵķļҪǵĿҪȺ฾ߴߴİԣԵǻ
Ҳ֪ʹʲôĵֶιүûǰǸɧ˵ڳⷢʱ򣬷ȫɫĺۼأףֶĵġ
ϱ˵ûšҪǷϵԾˣôˡ
ǣǼС˵ʱһ˿ң˿˸ȫְ಻ۻ֮
ɣѵ˵һıʮ˸ˣ
ʲôдУʵıʮ׳ˣ˶ˡ
ۡ
¿вˮķһڲˮ˳
һһб۵ĻԼһȺ׳ˡ
Ⱥ˲ȥչд鶯ӰıӶˡ
ĿڶһȻģİݣȫȻˮȵĻС
ǲ˷ĵĿ⣬İݿеľƱ±֮ʱһĨЦ⡣
ֻ̫֪࣬˵ڻе˰

14 ıը

꾫
Ǹӣ㿴ϻױǹ˵˾ǲһĶġ
˵ǧôзģǲá
ϣûš

ĶžƱؾİݣ촽΢΢Դʺİʮ˴Ǽ˷ľٶ
ѹͲΧ
Ⱥ˵Сĳ฾ǿ˵Ļǽһɫ㣬ֱ޲óһ
ѪȣֻϧİǸ̫࣬Ӣ֮ذ
һĻĻϷİǱҲûš
ϽԬˬʵĴЦһžƱߵİǰ
ϷǰԲڴҲûеŹϲշһ
˵ţԬͷһ䱭֮ȴİǰľƱžˮɫ˼֡
ǧ겻ȾĪǲϷӣϷδܲμĴ֮ô
ԬǳϳԪϵӲúܣһİݵжԵȻŹκһ˿һܳİݵĻᡣ
̫飬һȢһ̣˵ŮΪޣô֮顣
Ԭ岻ʾͲҪ̫ƣٵķŮҽʦĸԬϽѰ
İݽ֮ʱļֱһͷХ
еĿ⼸ۼϣǧֵĿŷһѰϬĵӣϵݷ
ˣ
˵ĿУİݡ
֮ľȻʮףɷÿһһֶĸо
һϮɫȹŲ΢ϵĽҡǺ
Ŀ֮£ıըɻҪ΢Цķߵİǰ˫ֽһǰ˸
๫
ۡ
Ŀһ๫֮ʱ˿һھˮĵǡ
ǶûϹɣ۾ûɣ
ĸղŽоǧʲô
๫
İʲˣ๫Ǹʲô
Ϊ֪һҽΪԬϽѰϽʱš
ĻԵɤİݲδǰԪ϶ţ֮Ŀһе̬кⱶ
ԬϽϳҼӴ󲢲¾ǧ꣬ǲҰ
ҲЩ棬ǧԬϽѾϰΪɾǧȴ˷Сģʲô
ǣ๫

15 Ҹ

׻˵ɴܷꡣ
İݺԬϽǲֻ֪֪˼챻һϬߴˡ
ԬϽ֡
ȻǾǧ⣬Ϸܾܾ
Ԭ֣˫ָ̽ѰԬ
Ȼ˸ŷĻҽ޷ǵЦѡ
Ƭ֮󣬷ջ֣˫ַ䳯Ԭ˸
ϲԬϽϲԬϽǡ
˵һһ룬̧ɬЦţԽԽϲʱϲɫ
ɣ
ĪǷ˵ԬϽϲǺǡ
ǿɾ˼
ˣԬϽΡ
İһ˫˵ĵڷĵϣЦΪΡ
Ŀ֮£ļ˵û˵Ļ
ԬϽ彡˸ֻ֮࣬һЩ⣬ǲʱĻǰ¡
ŷĵĻһãȻʲô彡ʾⰾ¡
仰ǰìܣԭ̰
˵ģԭһмԬϽȻƬˡ
֮еɫ޲ýĿ͸һ㡣
ëԼ˵֪ɷȴ׼ȷָĲ֢Լʣӡ
ת˲Ԭָֻ˷ŵɫ
һɺԡҪ˵
һ仰Ԭǹ֮ƺ֤ԼκƲꡣ
ֻԬԽˣԽ֤˷ĵжϡ
Ѿ˵ʵȻҲ˵ʲô
οµʱ䶼Ǽˡ
µûĻԬҩҲŵһҩζҩѾ͸˼
ǺǣɣҾ˵ᶪۣΪԼǸҽƲ
ǣҲԼＸԲѵԬϽޣʲô
˵ǲǷˣŻԼҽ
пܣ˵ַĵʱϲˣֳ̫Ǿͱˡ
صλϵķȺ฾ߴߴ
һˮƣ̧ͷ΢ôİҪȥꡣ
ֵ¡ѩ
뿪˹ķĸŮ˲ޣڻص֮ʱƮѩԽš
֣ѩָ⽥ڻĿ֮һƬ԰ףΪƬׯµĻʹһĨء
ġ
֮ʱһĻ
֮аŶԷĵ˼͵ǣԼ޷С
ѭعȥһѻɫڷС
Ҹ硣
ҸȻȻѿڶ
Ҳ벻ĺҡ
ĺңԭĵø磬Ҳͳ˧
ѩ֮Уѻɫվǰ޳ߴӰʮİȫУһſռֱ档
Ŵ˵Ļôô
Բģˡ
ĺҴŷĵͷһ˫īɫͫд˰ûں
µϢͣĴٳǸ˻ɻһ
ʱ޿̲͸ۡ
ĵļУĺϲͷĻ֣
ɫһĨõЦ⡣
ûҸ磬˵Щ鶼ȥˣЩ鲻ûȤô
ĴǵЦĺҸ۲ѡ
޲еŮȴ˲˵ĥǰģҲͲᷢЩˡ
ģһ̫׼ǧϺ룬ʱҸչ㡣
ɶ
ĺҵĻ÷ССƬ̣漴ĵһƬůӿͷ
һģһء
ȫ綼˷ģΨĺһ˲ᡣ
ĺ֪Сۻ಻ɻԸչԼ
С֪֪ǧлһһУҲᰵЦȪ˰ɡ
Ҹ硣
Ҹ֣ż⣬ظƽüۺۡ
ھǧ긮һ㰲ȣǧҲûΪңҸ粻Ϊȥĸ
ĺҵĸĺ˫ҶүҷһЩ飬·ү׸ĺҲĸա
ǰݼڵĹϵĸ̬Ȼ㲻ûΪĹϵῴ֡
ûзǼ֮ǰĺ˫ͬĺȢ˷̫ͬۻ֮̫ޣһĸ׶Լǰ;ĶһǽŮߵ̫Ҫ˵ġ
ΣҾԲῴڻмż尾

16 Ӷô

ԴӷĵĸĺұչŷĽܶˡ
ÿÿ߷֮գܻһЩóԺ︮ö֮⣬ֻҪȵĳ꣬ĺұĸȢ˷ģ뿪Ƿ֮ء
˭Ҳ뵽һʥּ÷ĳΪ˻ӵδޣĺһֹʲôһڷĵϷ
üһĨı䣬ĺֽһ˫СֽС
ҵĴܿˡ
һЩһЩĸױһУҲܵ裬޸һ̫ӡ
ҸˣûҸ磬ĺ͵ܵѾ˷ҺԺ
ǰĿˣǰδеůⲻϵš
˵ʵĺĽģܹھ֮ػһĵĴá
ͳ죬ټ
һ۷ģмֲһͬĶһ㡣
ģңȥȥ顣
ȥɡ
Ĵĺҵг֣ĿĺҵıӰʧС
δߣվԭƺҪ˵Щʲô
ֱĺҵӰ׵׵ʧڷѩ⣬תлϣһֳ֮ޱŷġ
ģӦ֪Լʲôͳǰ;ӹܣ㻹һ֪Ӧ֪ô
òѷҪעԼݡ
һǧ˿İǼ鳼¹ٵӣûʸ͸ͳվһ𣬸˵Щܵ顣
ĶԶĵûһ˫𵭵Ц⣬Ц̫࿴
ʲô֣
ߺ㡣
˵ԼݣԼ֮ǰ˿֣˵˵ĻҲĺĸ׵˼
ͷߺȥ߾ĸ˵֪ô
Ȼ֪Ǳòˡ
õĵĴ𰸣ߺתȥ
˰
ܺ
ĸ˵Щԭ򣬼̬ٶӣҲĺߵ̫ڽӽ
УԼϵָĴЩӰ쵽ߵˡ
ôȥ˺Ҹء
ѩԽԽۡ
һƬããУվͤ԰ɴѩϣѩɫɫӣʢѩе÷ҡ
磡
ķĴĴ˸磬ƻһʫ黭е
˽ϵ·ȹ˻ȥ
ѧӾŮһѣӦһ仰ٹȻڴѩװơ
׸ð
磡
һֱеϲɢȥʵİڻʹҪ£ҪʲôȻˡ
ʵ۳޷԰Σİÿһʱ䶼һ𵤣ʵ壬շɡ
գİϽ𵤵ӣȻҪڹаʵɷ
ĵǺ棬Ҳ֪ʵۺİɷ˫ô
ף
öġ
ȫƤէ
ҹѩͣɢȥɫŨ
ɫ»ѩϣ²ѩһ빬Ĺϣʱ·ԭ·أһ·Ӱйµĺܣеûš
ҰײҰ׵¹⡣
żĺϵİѩȦϣһ˫
ǲǾɹų򣬸ΪҹɫһĨֲա
ĲǺ£ֻе顣
һӾС˵·һ˵ʱ׷ʲôʲô֮ĶȻͻܳһ
˵֮׼ɾڹŴ
ġ
Ȼʲôʲô
һĻĵĻš
࣡
˽Լ֣Ĳûлͷ
ĲǺ£ΪʮһΨĹӶЩĶȻǲŵġ
ġ
ɭĵĻмŭ⣬ŵͳϢԽԽĽŲڶߡ
ˣ
ֽһ
ԽԽĽŲ
ʱһֱ޳Ĵڷĵļϣ˵ʱʱ죬˫ץסϵ֣һǺݺݵĹˤˤ˸
Żĸˡ޽Զġ
һصĹδڣһּ˿㻻һ޽Զף
ɫ֮£ˤѩϵŽüһ˫ɫӳŨҵɫҪĴ
ģղǾ仰ظһΡ
ĺܣ⺮绹Ҫöࡣ
죬һĨЦ⸡ϣ¶һСɫ··ҫŹâ
ģ˭Ӹųˣ˵ġ
˵һΡ
ûôô仹ʹˡ
Ҫʬε񣬷ȴЦøǲá

17 ѲҪɣ

ӣĵδ
ѩŭԼ񣬷ķЦŨ
ԭΪһҹӵĶ׹£ٴҸû뵽ȴмŮİӵĹѪ顣
ԭĻΪȴĽһõζ벻ڷ︮һÿһӡ
ɵȵϻ޵һ̲׹ԼвĵһӶѡ
ŮշԾ
뵽ⲻɵøԺ֮С
һڶǲ˭ĶҩԺֻһһĳһźɫ۵ֵʧ
ڶ˻֮˭Ҫ˻ΣҶѾȥŮֲΪܲûķʵԵ顣
ʬ嶼ŹﾡõȺɥĲ֮ˣԷ︮Ծǧ긮ͬʱ
ԽԽңѩһ㲻ϵر
ҡҡͷЩȫ˦ȥ
ĿǰֻһǴ̫лÿĽҩʼоҩ䷽ȻԶԶ뿪ȥұ߹صɽѰҷĵĵܵܡ
ļƻ
ġ
ɫӣɫŨнĴж˿ļơ
Ĳ֮£ĹˤˤѩϵվĿɭĶǰһɢŮˡ
֣Ļعв֮Ũ
ɶ£û¶ĻҾˣԼޱߵҹɫɡ
ȫڣĲҪ뿪˭֪ȴһץס˼ǷݵȼֱҪͷһ㡣
׼ô
ǣ
һʢŭˣתͷһ˫΢΢ţ˫ɫЦ
ôѲӻɡ
ƾ㣬Ҳ䣡
˵仰ʱ򣬷Կ翴ۻ֮ɫڿһ
˵ʲôı֪еɫΪΡ
һо˭ĻһѷģԭԾ֮ķ
ûʲô飬š
ӲҾ鸴ȼֺѾǾǧˣӻǱӵĺá
žһһĿǣĴ֣һ룬ȴһס˷ĵĲӣݺݵĵ˱Ĺǽ֮ϡ
Ҫսģ˵
ѩ׷ҹɫ֮УѩƮڷĵǰһϢԽŨš
ʱŹǽķĻſڣһĨЦ⹴ڴ֮ϡ
ӲҪѾǾǧķˣ㲻ҪҪҪ
˻޲ʹ˶֪ʱ˿̵Ҫʲô֮֮ʱһԵŷѩصããҹɫ֮С
֪֮飬ѾǱٵķˣӸ̧֡

18 С

ոջɫŨʱȴǴѩ졣
ƺӦӦԼӳ˷Ĵʱġ
ӱס㲻ܱɻܵĺܡ
๫˼Ҫˣ
ʱ˿̵ķ˱סӵڱĹǽϣϵĲ죬ĵ˫ڰС
̫װʲôûӣǲĿ˵֮Ĺϵ
֣ĺ֮鰮Ѿǹȥˡ
鰮
İݿ˵⼸֣һ˫Բˡ
İݣ۾Ƿƨõô
֮鰮ôҪԨô
Ȼİݻһ̣һסĲӵȸһ֡
꣡
̫ǹô˵ġ
ɣȻ㲻Ҳˡ
Ϊ˲ԼİݵĴ̼±ĳûע⵽Լ°γϵӣýļ׼š
๫˼ô
Ӷ׼ĲӣֻҪİݸ˵һֵķϻı֤Ѫߡ
ʱ¶˵һжָ̫ʾģ˭šù˭
һ̵ĳЩĸӣŷĵĲɫŭİݣİһƽһ˫΢΢ĵŷģŽӶ׼
Ȼ֮Щƣô
֪ǾǧİݵӣǰδޣΪ˴ﵽԼĿҪвİݡ
֪ĻΪǧ֮һȣԼ֮еǸСΪ˺;ǧһмһдҲҪŪԼ
飬ôѪ
๫˼ʹ޷ˡ
еĽֽһ֣вİٲ̬Ǳһپһˡ
ʱİҲ˶
ֻѩ֮УĿһԾ֮ӰסӵķһİݵĻС
ҹ¹ٱ㲻ˣ¹ٺͷ˸ˡ
İݱŷĵǰö֮ȥѹͲҪѪɱ⡣
뿪֮ǰİݱڻеķǳָԱʺʮ˴ķŭ
У
ԭرըȥɣ
һıİУȷ㱻һӰѹ¶á
⣬ѩƮҡҷ
ڣӰصһʮ㡣
๫ʱǲе̫̼ˡ
˫ҧ˫΢΢˸ţСһһġ
֮ô˵̫ûߣá
̫࣬б¶ų

19 ջʧ

Уıİѹ£Ŀԡ
ǵĵһ˫㲻׵ķ֮ʱֻб˴ˡ
˷вΪô
ŵͳ޳ָ˳ŷĵ߲ϵţÿһ磬ĶܸоõָɱҪʬһ㡣
˲䣬һĨӯӯЦ⸡۵ף˸ţĽĻӦİݡ
๫һ֮֮ϵľǧ꣬ôв๫ء
ôΪŷ𿴵˴ɱӡ
İݵѾ˷ĵĲһ۵ĺɫӡĽӸһĨ䣬ķļ
Ǵ˵С书˵˾һֻ϶Ҳ๫һǿˡ
ôãΪ˷˵ı꣬Ľҩĳ졣
Ե£ѹڷϵõҲ漴ʧ
õɵķĵתɫб㣬ֵı©ڿУ˿ĵһһģǱʲô
һ˫ϸֻץסİݵ½ǣ˿ҧ촽
๫˵˵ҩΪۣ๫ܳ
졣
๫˼಻ãһǰֻŪ˽ҩô졣
һ졣
ÿ˵һ仰İݱһҩķĺ޲ð̫˺˲Ÿġ
̫̫࣬˳ɫˣԼ
СǼΪǵ¶뷨跨Ŀ˿۽ҩҪΪԱ˭˭ء
졣
ߣ
̫࣬š
صǧ긮һʱ֮顣
ͷҲصĽ˷䣬һ˷ţİǰһԺӡ
ԴӶ˳ɻ֮һֱַӣ֮á
ǧ긮鷿İݲոܺܺȷдʱǰĺ֮һУһһ䲻¡
ӣŮӾ࣬ҪСΪ
У𱣻İݵİᵽ֮ʱĿʮֲơ
ŮƽȻһµӣթ֮˽Ǳ֮Ȼˡ
֮£İݵĿ⿴ܺϵֵּֽӳ۵ס
أһĨѰζЦ⹻ڱĴϡ
ģ
ʮµ죬䣬ѩ׷ɡ
ڱķ׼˯˭֪һûɵĺӽŵ״ӿͷ

20 

ա
ճʱ鷿ȡҩƿŵʱȴûмİݡ
ǧأ
ϰڷöСӣÿһзһҩ
Ĵ򿪺ӽյĽҩ£һ鷿һİݵȥ
ƽʱ̫඼ڳҪ£յʱϡˡ
ط˵ĻǧͬʥǰϾɽׯ֮ʱְˣ֮з˶ҪԺúȺá
Ŷ
ԭǸҪɵĻʵ۶ȼȥˡ
ȵȣ
ƺ뵽ʲôתͷϵĽҩ
һղųԵĵŽҩİ뿪ҩ
ģ
˫ȭŭ˲ӿ
ֱİݸˣͲӦǸ̫سŵ
İݣΪѵôȥɣ
ʮµĳ棬ѩƮš
һƬããķѩ֮УֻһٻӰɡѩĺУÿһ²ѩ֨֨졣
ԽѾһʱˣҲ˽һЩ
ˣԼоһʱԶӣǶڷ˵Ƕھǧ긮ɻ
ֻҪԼûüֵȴĽ
ƺһ飬ѾǴǰǸ˰ڲķˣǶʮһ͵Ķħ
Ҫ֪ħΪ˻κ顣
ǣá
һûǼǰ飬һγڼãһΪ˻ɡİʣ޼Ҫ²ɹһЩ
Ͼֻ̫ҩҪץһʱóҩ
ˡ
Сҩͯæǰкţӷнӹɡָϲ㡣
ͷһεҩץҩ
ԵȣСȥҩ
СҩͯȥڴŸŲˮ
ʱСҩͯˣȴûнҪҩһ
λˣǼƹǰһĵյ飬롣
յ飿
΢ĻСҩͯ˵ĵָ֮ʲôˡ
Сҩͯ·£ĸ˼õĺãҩƹ񿴵֮ʱӭ
ǧˡ
ԣҩƹ֪ıǵǧӡ
ֻһԱӶѣ˴񡣡
ųԼߣʾԼ١
֪ʲôô
ǧ˲Ļ߳ԱĿɺã
һɾУڵĻϵطӿŨŨڿ֮Уľˬ˶յϺ
һеľƱеľƱײͷбһ
ԳԳԣˣ˾ˡ
ϰֱߵķţµ㣬ҲҪϺҲһЩ
ҲſӳŸմӻ̳ţ⡣
ݹۻǧʷһ仰õġ
ûʲôһٻտ˵ģУǾ١
ѹͲʶһμùһΡ
Ϊڳ϶ͬİãνӢͬһһٺܿĽύɺѡ
Ȼǧ˿࣬ԺͽѾͷˡ
̵ĺһСƣĨһϵգ˵š
ܸܲ࣬ʸȡӵķʦλˣУȫȵĻӦÿԱĸƽɡ
ϲ²һշһУѾͷȣǸ˺ͺӱȻȻһںͺĹ
ϸʲôϵ۾
¿ӣƱƣľˮ֮һɻζĸڿǻ֮С
оˬ
²ģҵҽȷʵܱĸӶƽҲӦ֪ŮʧѪԪˣĽιպΣ
ϣ汣ĸӶȫ֮ʲôΡ
Ѿͷ˼ǡ
׷ĵ뷨ôһ룬ĵҲϺ
ԣҾֲ֢ټŮӱƫҲ֮꣬ŮҪܵĲʹõŮӰ
ʲôʥˣҲûȥˣʱǿŮӿѡ
ֻǿСһûĸףˣѾͷ㻹ûʦкδ
ٸʵףҪ֪һָ߳ҽʦӺƺҲûˣ˺档
ʦ˵ĸһˡ
һصĴǰС˵ʦжʥ
۹ϵڶû˸ϵһǺϿЦѡ
ⲻ֪仰ʱһ𾪣ɴԲͣðβ˵һ仰
ʥʦȻɽˣʥ
ɶ

21 

Ĳ֪Լںһ˾ȻĴڣ˵ͷƺС
һ𾪵ı飬ľԼǳĺá
ϡ
㻹ˣʥֻ˵˵ֶѣʵҽǿѧɲĵġ
ıϽԼ˵Ļ޷Ц˭֪һڴʮıŷġ
ȥһˡ
ɷĿ˵ЩʲôСҩͯ׼ŷ뿪˼á
ϡ
һοںϽţ˵ôĻô͵ˣѵһô
ѾͷһҪȥݺ󣬼ǻҲҪ֣κ˵ĻԺߡ
ߣÿκ˵ɫ
һĴ˽ͷ
֮ԴǣţҪԭһ֣
˵ãͲסڶ࣬һĻ̥
˵׼ɶʱԼֱʱ̫Բ
ôһ˵˫ķиֳһ˿˿Ц⡣
ϷģֻҪԷǱϵ⣬һֻ̤ҲὫġ
ؿڱ֤š
ʵŷǶʥĵôȻǷ񶨵ġ
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22 

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23 

΢ָⴥУָһһŹ֡
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ˡ
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Цţļ˵
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۵׵ı飬ĳŹȥ
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ĻӦŹģŹĴǷЦ⣬ͨ͸֫ٺĨů̹
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ɾĿˮǹзǷ֮룬סԼݡ
ɫľŷĲҪԹʲô
Ҫǿڹ׼ĽլȻְ಻Ṳ̊լԺ벽
ǲǷǷᣬôǶ㣬ܲܰĴűŸ˹ӿ
һ˻ȥֳŹĵĶ
⿡ģˮ


24 ̫

ĵĲΣҽΡ
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Ǯϣõġ
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ǰһ뻹Աһ̹ķģһһСײˣһԺŵֻܱʾ
ȫ̶һпУһᱻһҲݵģƭˡ
ԽԽǾ֡
˵СΪľţɾʱӴľڷĵϼֱǱ̣ˡ
թڣ˵˻˵ϲʲˡ
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ǧĻ֮һбְѾˣա

25 бҧҰ

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һҼҹСɰ
Ǻǣ˵оͲУҷǺûӡ
쳤ϣô˵ô˵бҧѽ

26 

һЩ֮󣬱׼뿪լ
˭뵽ǰŸոլžͱһסȥ·
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ĵԤϣֵ̫ѰģҲûɶ֮С
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Ĳɵý˽ϵ·ⱻݱŷĺϮ
үˣүΪΪҴ֮ү˶˶ӹҽβүˣЯǰΪүβ
һ仰˵˵ϡ
ĲİݵĻͷתԼε̾һ
ô볪һ䣬ݳȴӶ
񸾷ļү
˸񣬿̧ͷ֮ʱ߲Ĵָŵָ
Ȼ䣬һδйİ両Ժ֮С
ҹ
⣡
һվǰڵϵһϢ˫۵һ̣ǰһöָ
ָүϴŵָһģһ

27 ʤ

Array

28 磬Цô

ʤ
ӡ
ĻһӮݡ
ݺİ֮ĶĽֲ£ȴһ˼֣Ӯүʵ˾㵲ԡ
үո߳ٵķֻúӣǡӮ֡
İЦºͣеζЩ˼ȥѿ̫鲻
壬̫˽⣬պü
Ƕʮһ͵ʱִͽ񣬱ɱڴϿӣݳݱ˶ģѾ뽩֡
ʱϵĻĻһëһֲֽ֮ʣһгֺһӣ־ٶ
Ϊ֣һΪʤӡ
ްҲʵһ֡
վ˫ָһ˫˪鲼Ŀбڷϣɫ÷ļë
ɶ
Ϊɶô
ڰɣӮһô
ΪɶһҪʬĸо
Ŀעŵķһڿˮ󿴿ҿǲǵĿ⡣
ʱ˼ȻүްٻҪҪЯ˸ˡ
İݵĻ÷Щһڡ
ǰû̫ã仰˵ȥˡ
Ȼˣ㲻ˡ
̤һ̣оһĿڶëзһĪĿ־֮⡣
ָоô£
ѵ˵ԭү֮ʲôϵô
ʮȷ֮ǰǸָĴָϴŵָ
ţϵķŬĻϷ飬ɳһĻ֮⣬Ծջ
ֱ벻˸ϵ
Ǻǡ
¶ԽȤˣǷңǲرͼǻӣү
Ůš
ʲô
İݵĿ޵Ƴģһ˫ǵעÿһɫ
תͷӭİݵߣһɨ۵׵ʣ̾һ
Ȼ𰡣๫֪ôĳһǺܹġ๫ӦĽҩ׼ʳԡ
ȻˣһαֵĲΪȻŵԡ
˵䣬öҩڷǰĲ輸ϡ
İݵĴ󷽣ĳƬ̣µĴ̫ࡣ
ɾ͸ҩô
𰸣Բᡣ
İݵ·̫¶Ҫ˵
ãǲãһ⡣
๫㻹ɶ¶һ˵ɡ
ɲ뱻̫ӡ
Ϊڷеɼһߣ˼ȻҪҩΪջرǡ
๫˲С˹ܳŴαغһ˼Ҽƽϣ๫ôôգ
Ѹײڶ֮ƽյĽҩ˫米У˻һôôա
ŷʱ任İݴǷһ˿Ц⣬Ц
үΡ
ôҪȺɷңͰĽ˵ˡ
ֻϲûϲ
ɲ봩Խ֮Ӣš
үܵ˺أѾ˼бҽڣһֻ̤ŹҲܰ
ţ
š

ɶ˼
İݴǷЦ⣬ҲЦ
Ǹ๫ǲǲӦþү
๫ôЦôҵӦþȰǲӦþȣ
磬Цˣë
ܲİݵĹЦݣĽݣڼǰͣ
˿һģ̷еĻŷ˺Ժ
զ
ʲôզ
СϣĸԼ˱ƣ̵ĺȥ
һ¶ǣů˲١
˼ҹӵ鰡˵㿪ʼΪ˼ҹβˣ
ĿתĿŷģȴŷĵĻش
ϵϢͦͨġ
¾ƱӼ˼ԸԵĽš
һɵģһ
Ϸ򵱳ľٶȷģоգоհ
һҲԼ˱ƣһھƹȥǺɫͨ졣
ôͦһӣΪϿȴȺˮޡ
Ѿͷ֪
˼ҹӹĵĲ飬ΪεҽʦһǰԴ˩ڿսսĹ
˼ҸǾԷģӶòɰŷǵ
ǰǰʮλҽʦ˿ڣ˷ģڲ֮ҲҪԼ׼ײˡ
һ̵ĺȥĨ͵ľˮһڷĵļϡ
ֻҪκù˹ӣѾͷҴˣҴү¶ǣϾͺȸˣ

29 ĵ

ĺڼ˻ᡣ
˵һЩڹĲ飬Ҳ˵һүҩ¶
Ѿͷ
ڷļ뿪õʱǰ͸Ź֮⡣
ܵĻѾͷ뿪ǧ긮ɣܰЩæ
ЩӺͷĽӴǴҽǴƷ棬ŮӶŮӡ
ʹа಻ųķСȻͬ
һŮȴıһãΪǣƵӣΪ֮ĺѣϲĿŷھǧ긮ȥ
һůӿš
ˣΪԼ룬Լǧ긮ֵط˰ڲ
Ҳ뿪ԶԶ뿪ĹǣԼһһڽⶾ֮ǰûԡ
лϹģĿǰ˵ʱ벻ǧ긮ҹĵĲҲҪһʱ䡣
ϵļϣÿһ˶Լû֧£Ψһѣļ
ؼˣ´Ҹ׼þƣôҩȴôӵľƣˡ
֪ʱ˴ѩϣĳɡ뿪˼ûصǧ긮
Ȼصǧ긮ѾˣǰŸո䣬ı㿴һĨɫӰȻĲĹΣζĿš
üͷһ壬ôʱ򵥡
̫ôԴӶ˳ɻɴṳ̂Լ벽
ѲɽǴԲ
ûܰɣ̫ûҲ޷˶
๫ôĵķˣʲô¶ô
Ļصǧ긮ʱİݾѾ֪ˣǰŮǷ֮ľ֮⣬֪أĵ׾Ȼһ˿Ȥζ
ΪɻѾյʱ䣬ȴһֱδͬղײգΪͷɵδ
İݷ飬ҫ£һ˫ǵĵжôĹˣķĵһһġ
ɫǰİһ㿡˾ͺñһ͵Ĵӣİ죬ǱͶʮҰһ
ǣǰ˲ǵǧ꣬ˣı֤
ƫƫǴǧİݣ˭֪ʲôӵ
˵ˣǰŸǰʱ޿̲ھĪҪɫ˭֪̫ʲôǴ󷨣ûкһ̫˶İá
ʲô
֪ʱİģһıƽһ˵ķۿűڱľȫ·
ʱһ
İһֵűߣı
ܹݣΪô
ҡҷʱʱΪʱгϢһζ
İݺͷ֮ļܸܵ˴˵¶ȣһһ˶ȦǰҪӸǲܵ顣
ķһ˫ĵۣ˱˴˼ӳŶԷӰӡ
µķŤӣȳֳڰ֣ǺһƬ
ֻһĨ첢ߺ졣
๫롭򡣡
Ǳ죬ڼúϺȶ˾ˮ·ʱ⡣
֮Ƚһ⣬˭֪ȴչģ
İûпڣ֪Ĭ˻ôţһİݵֱ˳ȥææ⡣
ȷĽһĻص֮ʱĻİݵӰӡ
ǹé޶යһᡣ
ߣ
ﶷ
ǰӽԵζȸ̫Ե׶ࡣ
֪̫ʲô磬ôķ䣬˲һֱˮˮô
ǲ⣬ɺŷϵĽҩ÷Щ鲻Խĵɤӳıľ硣
ĵϧľΣѽѽѽѽ๫
˵ĸ֮ʱתӶ֣ת֮ʣƼ֪ʱİݣŵúͿӰһ˽Ӳԭء
⣬۷԰ӵİݱ֪㲻ص︮μӼ䣬ȴɤ欵Ķ
ĵϧľ
ãܺá
İݰŵۣһº͵Ц⣬˿еΪΡ
֮ߣһǶء
๫ǸʲôǸţʲô֭㻹ϲӣ˱ѼŴԲӣ
һڴЦǽһΡ
̫Ϊʲôɱǹģˡ
վһԵЦŷģЦ͸ֻ֮⡣
ģ㣡
Ϊ߷ˣշҼ䣬Ϊŷ˻ظμӼʽ
һĨЦᣬİŷϵı仯ˡ

30 Ҽ

ա
˸緹СĶ˵İǰ棬۲̬ı仯
İԽǱֵƽľԽǻš
ЦһĿ۵ףǹһҹʱ䣬Ҳɭɭķë
๫ȥϳô
ôǷҼĴӣΪѾ˵Ҫŷ˻طҲμӼ䡣
İŵķеĿӣվ쿪֣ʾĸ¡
վһĵ׷ֹķѹûע⵽İݵٶԼĴĦ֮У̫ΪͻȻҪطҲμӼ顣
ˣ¡

£
Ŷ
¾Ǵ·
ĴڳĵĴİݵϣ˻Ĵϵһᡣ
һϵоٶ꣬ĳŮ˹ԹԵվһԵȺǨ
ûޣ
˭챻̫ץˡ
İҪ˵ʲôͺðˣƫƫʲôû˵ʼնһºһ˫ۣ˿ĵ׾ڴʲô̡
ټϽİݾȻҪԼصңΪ˲̫ӵʮ˲ΪūΪ澵źֱΪֹɡ
׻˵úã۶Ǳ̬
æǰæźİݴ·ͷȵȵȣ̸ֹٲȻһüͥͲһһ¡
һ뿪˾ǧ긮İݺͷĶгŷҳ
һ·ϣİݲŰ˫֪˯ˣڿŷġ
ǿŴ鷿˳Ȥ¿
ʱǰеȻ伱ͣԵʹ£һĲǰԵۿžҪᣬһ˫ֽʵʵĽק˻С
ǰͻȻָͯ±żͣǧ𷣡
֣ȴİݽ
ǰС
дİݵûеŭ֮͸һ˿˿֪ν͵ȤζЩ⣬ק̡
ڣİڻѹµķ˫һ˫ϵˣ֮ľĺԲơ
Ƿ˵ڶջΪ򡣡
ֵܣⲻջйԡ
ĽŹԺջ֮𣬳ݹһ̫࣬Ȼ̫೤ÿˣûм
ࣵһһİݵĴϣ»صڶ˵ߣ͸һ˿˿ζ
Žջ󡣡
ֻϧջҲûɶã
Ŀһúı죬Եһ̫࣬ȴӢ֮ذ
ͻȻһڵİ΢΢һ£Ȼֻգۼʱ䣬۵ȴֳһĨδ
ʱͣѹԼϵİݣʾǵվˡ
ǷҼ䣬ƷԨϲҪʶˣʱͷ๫ҵ㡣
ÿһȵļ䣬֮Ǽȥ档
ǣǷϵǼ޳ȥŮӣҪصҲμӼ䣬ڡ
ĻǸûʸڼϵģڲһˣǴ鳼ǧķ˷Ҳ
ǧ굽ǧ˵
һ£İݺͷһǰһĽ˷︮ɨصСæµŮѾߣϵŵÿһˣ˵߶׷׾ۼڶ˵ϡ
ৣ
ǧĿⲻϵͶǸо˹佱ùڵվ˸ľ۹һӡ
˵һԶļ鳼ǧ꣬һǱĲлܲ˲Ŀء
Ȼ˵ɶûΪҩĺ֢Լȫ˻úĺۼᡣ
壬ǣҲȥʲô
뵽ˣԺģģֳһ˵Ӱݡ
¹֮£Ĵָϴŵָԭһӡļ䣬Ϸʲô顣
ǧ꣬ǧ롣
ڷҹܼҵ£İݷĶʼ档
İݵǷĵ๫ҲǷ︮Ĺүû˸İ㡣
ڣʮҵ˾ۼڴˣܽгֵĲܽгֵģŷμԨʣҲŵȼ㳯һľͷλ˰ݡ
ԸڱĲԴݺĵȺͷһƬԭӶǸ֡
ĿдʣվڷߵİȻ̫ĻǺ˼ҲܲµóԷĵԸȻ˵ʲôû
󣬷÷԰ٰһʢᡣ
İߣĳЩҲȥѯʷһЩϢһЩ˾ͻ÷İġ
ⲻǷôȻǧ˺ǲһ֦ͷ˷˴Ķҫءص÷԰֮Уеͳ˿ڡ

31 ݺ

ѭȥĿڷĺͷϣһǷҶСһǷС㣬˭֪С㾭С۸
Ǻ˵ǰһʱСѶСˣ
ҷĻţб¾ǧ긮
Ȼ֪һСųСΪλˣҲ֪շǷһµĻշԸȻŹĵġ
ңǷҼ֮գȻھǧǰֺĳŷģȻ
к߲ɵĴȥȻҲȺ֮Уֲ÷ôء
һὫкϷˡ
һɫȹķһģǵߵ˫д˳Ц
ĵʱվİߣ֮ƺʲôѵ˵մŶǼٵģ
ĹȻǸСųķС㡣
ʵԼӦףûʸμӷҵļ䡣
û˵Ǹ߳һȣڷΪûʸμӷҼ䣬ڳÿһ˶ĺܡ
Դӷĳ֮ձ̣֮󣬷˼Ůһ
ڵǾǧķˣΣ˭˲׾ǧǸʲôӵˣ˵׼ͻرĥˣϾڷǰŸˡ
Ļҿûڷҡ
ĻһһĻص˶ߣÿһÿһ仰е˼ɲڴŷĵʹ
̫ˡ
ʱ˰Ĵ㿴Ϸ֮ʱһŭֹ˷Ļ
ĺҴ˽īɫ˫ŭɫ˴˿̷ŭ
ΪŮоֹ˰񣬷Һʱ
ĺߵ࣬ȷ˵ػǰһٶ÷ůš
Ҹ磬
ĺҵڽѵķίĿԼĽӣĺһŷĵʱж񶾵ĺŨš
Ҫ˵֪ôȵùģ֮ձ̣ţҸ绹˻¼Ůˣ
Ҫ
ԴʸǼң־䶼ڮٷģĺҸ۵ġ
һЩʱصͲȿʹ
Ҹ硣
ĺһķҡҡͷһĨЦӷ쵽˴ǣǷĵЦݣ޿ɱ⡣
վڷİݰŵۣĿ˹ĴǸֳЦ⣬ƺĺ
ֻûע⵽İɫı仯ԼҲ
߳ĺҵıܷۣ΢̧Ŀ⿴Լ޲ýʬķ
ž
ͻĴص˶ϣֻķֱһƴ˷ϡ
㡭㾹ȻҴҡ
ž
һȥӳȥջʱڷϺݺݵĴһơ
Ƕɴ䣬ˮ
˼ǵ㷽˵Ƿ֦ͷķˣԹֻеʺΪˡ
˵䡣
ʱĻعһ˫޹Ŀİݡ
˲⣬Ҫʲô
๫ҶС˵ǷˣǱ㰵ָ๫ҥ๫ıҪ˴Ȩ˵֮Ҫδòźá
ۡ
ͼӴ׵ǿнһ仰Ƿҵ˻ǰμӼݵˣһϵı鶼ʺһ
ķչӦǷģĺˬĴ˻ȥȻҵһγСһسӣһЩ֪ô
ɷľȻİһ˺ƴϷݺĹҴ
ҪҪô̼
Уʲôʱô˵ˡ
ûС
˵ķգ˵û޾ǧıȨλֻ˵Ķѡ
Ǹ˶ڳģʹȨλһϵûС
ˣˡ
ǧ꣬СŮû˼
æԼûз˵ݺ
·ģİݣԼӳ
ˣô
Ŀ֮£İƹĺǣŷĵУһ˫д谮
ţۡ
˵ͷ죬ģ˶ôίһ㡣
֪ĻΪѷĸˡ
ˣ졣
ǣǧꡣ
õİݵǧ긮÷԰ڣ˽ڰУһҿһһƴڷϡǿнİĻصڳÿһ˵ĶУƫƫǧ긮棬ԨҪԼŮҲΪ

32 

һһİ£Ĳһ͸Ž
ˣͣѪɫģ׵ĺͷһҲͻ˹ȥ
˿ɻ⣿
˵ǰİ֣޳ʳָĶǰɢĳ˳
˫ŵĵУǶŮӵĳ谮֮飬ƺҪеᶼһ㡣
⣬֪๫ˡ
ϢҪȫףǰ˾һԶķޣȻİˣҲһ̫ˡ
˫ۻİݵ䣬ţ˷׷ױͷȥһа¡
ʱһǲʱ˵ƻ˶˵Ķ
ȺУһ񻺲˳ɫɫ˫ŷĺİݣ޲Ҫʬ˲Ÿġ
ҶСʲôǧһŮӶ˽̣ǲ̫ˡ
ɱ
ĸоһɱԴԴϵĴÿһëɢһҪ׼ˡ
ʮΪϣгİֲ
ֵܣﲻ壬ֻǶ̫ɵƣȥóԵл
ɽˮ
һ֣
๫ȥéˡ
ԣеΪɣΪƬ̱顣
İݻ֪ʲôֻЦŷŷȥ
ң÷һ׸÷ҵлӽ
İ۵׵ЦݸŨңܰŵۣɷˣҪˣĳЩҪùˡ
߶ʮһԱǵһλ
Ľ뿪÷԰׼뿪︮
ɾǰŸո̤÷԰֮ʱһס
ģ
ĺ׷ŷ뿪÷԰ղŷһĻʵԽܣ׷ʸ
Ҹôˡ
ղ֪ʱ˴ѩ
ѩĺҵļϣֵȥĺҼϵѩЦ⸡ڴǡ
ղŶлҸ绤ģҪȻķ÷Ѿͷ˲ɡ
ĸмĺңʲôʱĺҶվԼߡ
ܵʲô˵ĥɻһʵĶá
ͳһ㣬Ҳĺ˻ˮ
ģղô£ǲǾǧôġģѾĸ˵һУֻҪ;ǧ룬ұȢ븮
ĺҲû˵ԼôĺԼҪȢĵľֻǽϢ߷ģõĸġ
ȫ綼һֱߣԶԶ
Ҹ硭
վĺǰСĸĺҰһͷ
ͷǰˣǿ˫īɫгŵĺκ֮ʣҪ˵ڵĻȫߣ󽫻ȫ˻ȥ
ϣĳ޼Ҹ޼еһˡ
ôӣôȥ˺ء
ȵĹƶ⿪֮վҪԶԶ뿪ԼҪķʽȥŵġ
Լڸı֮УȻĺҲС
ѩԽԽƮڶ֮䡣
ڷûзκ飬ֻһСųûЩ߰ķС㣬ҲĺҰɡ
Ҹ磬лл㡭
һĨЦڴǣɽӶӿֳʹ˲ʴŷĵȫ
ô£
Ϊʲôôʹ
ͻʹȫΣ޷
Ѿ˵յĽҩôᡭôʹ
ۡ
һѪǻȾһƬѩǰ翪ʼ谵ضתš
ۣ
ĺۣ
ģôˣģ
ͻȻֳʹģķģĺһǰ䱧ڻС
ſٵĵӡ
֪ʱڶİݼǰĺҵĻж߷ģŻɫ԰׵Ůӣһ˫üšһ
İݣҡ뿪
Ľץסİݵƾһ˿ѵʶҪİݴ뿪︮
ݳظ
ǣǧ꣡
İݻŷ뿪˷︮ĺҲİеĺҲǧ긮
⾿ôˣ
ĺúõΪͻȻȥҼν˱棬̷Ĵ˷ְ֮˾ǧò˵ⳡϷǴ̼ĺܰⳡϷѾ뿪˷ֻ︮һζ
ĿϷˡ
ʱ
үڵĶ費Ҫְ١
ˡ
ǰִӵݿǰһ̱ƽ˵֣˫Ц⡣
ȷİǱŷĻظô
үĻǾǧ꣬ĺͳҲһǧ긮
︮ʵ棬ÿһ˵ı鶼ϸ⡣
ġ
žһ
ŷĵ֣ȴ޷ʤӵַתǸ˼Ůˡ

33 ӰǷ޸

ǧ긮
ڴϣ˫۽š
ĺڴߣīɫд˵ġ
һɲǼ䣬ΪĻͻȻʹ˯ǽüͷ
İݡ
ڴߵĺҲδİݣֱİݵֶǾǧƺ
µˣҲûʲôù˼ɵˡ
Ӧ֪ڼ޸ĵѡ˷ɱȻǳΪӣ㻹Ƿһǻ壬һģҪեȡһļֵ
ŷĵ֣ĺ˵ΪӦúİ̯ƵЩ
ĻһСŮʼұǻһĳϣû˱Ҹչ۰
ĺһ˵ԼͷĵĵεΣһߣڳϵİݶ豭ǳһƮɢڿе
ء
һ仰޵̬ȡ
İݲϵĺҺͷ֮ź۵ĹҪǽ
֪ҪʲôֻҪĺ룬ǸȻϡ
ĺҵĻİݽü΢һ˫ţһһĨ⡣
в٣
İݷеĲ豭޳ָûн졣
û΢ȴǵкͽ
еãȻõҪġ
ĺҵ̬ȼںİݱŷ˺⣬Լɱ⡣
Ҫֻĵİȡ
λܷ񰲾һ£ĺͳ죬ÿλôѾͷ
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ĺÿڴ߿ʼΪ
Ƭ֮ջ֣һ˫׵üëһ
ˣǹˣ
ҡͷǲаһθ
ϣôˣ
ĺѯϹڷĵĲ飬Ǻһϳһ
ѾͷɳԹʲôǽӴʲôرĶ
⻰İݵġ
δ
İݻشϵ⡣
ǾˣѾͷʵ̫ˡ
Ϊι죬ľôˣ
Ϊһҽʦ϶ô˵ˣĺҸǵķĵĲ֢
Ͽ˿һ֮ĺңֿ˿һȻģľǧİݣ֪ѾͷİݵӣĻȻΪĺҲѾͷ๫
ô˵ɣ
Ǿ˭˭˭˭๫⣬Ѿͷڶص⡣
׶ķʽ͸
Ѿͷֶأ֮һϽĹƶһֶĻѾײˣƫƫֶҩѾͷ໥໥ƺš
һüͷ˵˺λ
ΪĳһʳĳһżȻһأƽʱԵıƻѾͷŻʹʡ
Ͻŷĵ֢״ھһֶʱԷҲ˵һ
֮
İظϵĻƶȻĹƣֻҪÿշýҩɽ֢״
෴澹ȻĶҩ
İݰһ˫˵ĵۣ۵Ĺâ˿ΪΡ
ϣзӽ⿪Ķ
Ҳұֻ֤еѾͷ֮оһЩҩԣ֢ܶҩ
Ŀǰ˵ֻôشĺҵ⡣
ççײײһⶾһƻ漸ֶҩǣƵƽԣʱɾͲʹôˣв
Ҫľĺͳ;ǧƲɡ
ĺҺİ뿪䣬÷İš
СӣҩؼץԪҩмǿȥء
ϽһҩõСͯСͯҩ뿪һɲǣоһɲ֪ݵĴ̹Ǳ鲼ȫ
գѩš
ѩ֮£һһӰվԺеСҩͯǰӶϱŷϢƺγһεϣ谭Сҩͯǰĵ·
ѻɫĳ֮䣬ĺеļֲδãīɫ˫⽥Ũ
ֻҪĺ룬ǧõҪö
֮˶Ҫõĺİݸˡ
Ϊຣһжֵá
ĺͳ졣
һĨŨЦ⹴ڱ֮ϣѩӳ£һֱĿ֯ڷѩУ
ĺһİݣ˽信ӣֻһȻһаȻ
һٲϲв
ǱٵĸۡˡԶ͡ǱٵķˣĺͳΪ룬ĪҪټ˵лӰǷ֮ĸ顣

34 ĵļ

ؼѩ׷ɣԺڣĺҺİݶ˶սһεϵͿѹġ
뿪ǧ긮ǰȡҩСҩͯɵһԭأ·ǰɾǲӡ
ĺͳ죬롣
ǧ긮ǰ˵룬̬ȴǲǿ⡣
ס˵ĻֻҪĺ룬Ǹġ
£ĺҿһ۷ķһ˫īɫд˶ԷĵĵԼĿǰΡ
ģҸԲܿġ
ĺңҩСҲոջعűǽһһĲǧ긮
һĻпС˵ӰӰ
ϾҲ˭лῴĺͳǾǧһŮ˵ģŮ˻Ƿġ
֮
ǧ꣬Ѿ뿪ˡ
⣬ǧ겻һֱҪҵǸôĺۡ㱣һ
Ϊεĺͳ˵ҪǸͷĽ֮ʱǧ꾹Ȼûͬ⣬·ġ
벻ף벻ס
ǧ꣬ĺۡƤأٴ嶼ҪõǧΪûӦĺҵֻһĶѡ
һ仰ݷĵĵλֻһõӣ˶ѡ
һöʱʽƤ˵ĵĴڵ͵˳ȫ֮ȡ
֪ĸǺˡ
ѩ֮Уһ£µİ˫ָ󣬵еӭŷѩɫ⺮Ҫ䡣
ǧ˼˵ϹѵҲҪô
ûܰ
ĵĸϹֻһƽҵŮԼ֪Ϲ񾿾εݡ
˽֪ҹ˼ҵȵȵļ˴壬˼ҵҲҪɵ֡ⲻ֪ڱصϹǳ۳ұҵĴ壬˼ϱͥ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬵ϹСȥϹ漮ԶھһƶϹϾϹһѪǵϵŮ
ϹţŮֳΪвĵӣǧ˵һϹҳֵĻⳡϷǸˡ
˼ȥûԡһĴڸ̫ͣΪӶԱ˴Ҳûжô棬뿴ԷЦˣҲֻзϲĺ÷Ĵǧ׳һЩ鱨ҵһƤ

ϹҲۣӣ㻤ȫһһʱ㱨
ǣǧꡣ
⣬İݷԸбĵİȫڴϵķĽüͷ޷԰Ρ
ξУһƬɭɭĺɫ硣
ĲԼʲô棬ܵúܡ
ʱһĻصڶߣƺҪʲô档
ģǻҪ컯ˡ
͸һ˿ΣܿľɢڿС
ĪĶͽθĸܵȫѪҺƺڽȣŵֽҲ֪
ʲôط
ΪʲôоϤ
Ŭ˫ۣɳصƤֻ΢΢ſһ϶ǵСʧ󲻾ãһģӰڷĵڡ
ϴŵָΪۡ
Ȼô
ѾͷѾͷ
еķҪ˫ۿһ֮ʱͻıķĻһ˲
ιѾͷˣٲϷҪˡ
˹ϷװˮĲ豭æԸСĲ
̫ѸͣոѹķǰڣԴҲģһ֮Ż˹
ϣôҡ
ĸһôˣǰ˸ŵεǰĻ档
ǵԼҸĵúúõģȻʹ
ˣʱʹĹƷʱʹһǰ֮ǰѾùĹƵĽҩԲĹƶ
ǰȻԼģӦ˷ԭ
ôˣ
ô˵ء
Ҳ֪ôһͷ˵ۻ׵ĺӻȷһ·ǷѾΣա
Ѿͷ֪Լ˶ô
ϵĻ̧ͷһ۴
ã
ʱӦĸʱһӡ
ĳٳûżҲҩҲˣɾǲѡ
Ѿͷһֱ˯ȥûжҲΪԼĳֱë鼱֮£Ͼ취һԡ
ˮõĻǾֻдӴ̼ѹڵһַЧˡ

35 ѷһ

ǧ긮鷿
ˣ
鷿ţõ׼֮鷿
ǧ꣬ˡ
š
Ӧһʱİݻеëʣһ⻹δдŷһߡȥ
ǣǧꡣ
İ뿪鷿ҡҷ֮£ûп۵һĨɫ£İݱ˶
İ԰ǰ֮ʣȴδȼһƬ
أ
ŵǰسİ˵ŷĵȥ
ǧ꣬˺ϸո뿪ã˵ǶҪȥ¥һٺõġ
ǧְ꣬Ͱѷһ
Ҫǰ¥ĸקֹˡ
ʱѾԶȥķĲ֪İֻź˱¥һ١
ԼûнʳֻһЩӪҩάǶǰ󱳣˶á
¥¥żڣһӵζȰڷһһǰֱˮ
ԳԳԣϱ롣
ϷͲˣֻۣϷ¥һڣκγ鲻
ץǰһֻһֻ߳ԻζѣվһԵС翴Ŀɿڴ
֪˵ݵģһǾǧķˣһõҽϣΪСסˡ
Ϊɶ˾ǼûԹһ
λ͹ãʲôҪĵطɷԸǡ
úúãȥɡ
ϻ˻ʾС뿪ǽʳ
ʱ˿̵ķĺѾóԷĴʳҰɽݶ˵ĳٺʲˡ
ҲܹԷĺϡ
Ļ˼ҩ֭ҩ֭һڶŨŨҩζˣ⼸㻤֮УͬûгԺ˯á
һʱҲҽηĵķӣҲѾͷڴϲǡ
ȾƺȾƣľˮҲ
һٷһһٷư㽫ɨĸɸɾ
˵ĲһЩӶķ⣬ճӰ
¥¥ζȵһ
ԱԲĹĵĶӣбϡ
Ŀһϣôһˣ溦ϰԼˡ
ϣ˵ǼôǮôôţƨɶŹ
Ѿͷ˻ӣ׻˵úãڼּҷΪϲߣϷȻ˼ã˶ΪϷǮȻϷǮҲҪʡĻǡ
ϸ㣬ϸˮ֮ѡ
ԣŵɣ
ĶƱһ
㷹Ҳһˡ
ϣһԵԭʲô
ʱ򣬱⣬ǿϵı飬ƺԼԵԭܲ򵥡
һ仰֮󣬻׵üëͻ۰׺ӣ˵
˵֮ǰϷһ飬Ѿͷ˽𣿡
𣿡
ֵüˣһ˫ǶϻĲ⡣
Ϊʲôôʡ
ԭԵСųҺĸ׵ܵһֱڷҵĺԺһҲûл뿪Ұ벽ˣʲô˽
ȻǷĻȥģǾʣ±ҷĵ鷳ϲķԨ
뵽˴İ˫۵һĨ⸡ֶ
ǵ֮һУӦԭ֮ǰļ䡣
ȷһ飬ԭѵǸϣүݳֹ
ݳ֮ǰһҽصĶ棬ȫů⡣
ˣϷֱ˵ɡ
һʼҪʷǲǺʲôйԹڿҲûҪˡ
֪ʲôµ֣ѾͷĶҲ׾ٵĽ
Ѿͷ֮ԻԣΪһֶˡ
һֶ
ץסϻеص㡣
һʲô˼
ԣһֶ治һֶֶ֮ҩһӦþϽĹƶ棬衣
˵ŷĶԵԭ򣬷һ򦣬һûš
Ϸ²⣬ڷӦǽӴʲôǳʲôŵ໥ƺĶʱƫŵ¶ʹ̣ڻԡ
üë֮£Ͽű˿ûκα仯ķģɵøǵ
Ѿͷϵı仯˵·̫ڰϲ֪ôȰ˵ǸѾͷзģһϷоڵĶҩӽⶾϷҲ㡣

36 

Ƕƽ֮
ѾͷȻֶһֹƶʼţƾԼĵҽǹƶǶҩܽӴġ
ֶ֪ô
ϹԼ涾ࡣ
ֲõĹƵĽҩ֮󣬻ᶾĹƷ֮ʱ֢״ȫһ
ԭˣ
ԭ滹űܡ
ֶϷʱ鲻ԴһֶȷʵŮӵĶҩ
˵˴ϵ΢΢۹иֳһĨâ
ŮӵĶҩ
Ĳ⣬˵ġ
ԣֶҩרŮӵģҲֻŮӵϲЧǺլͺŮõһַ
ϻô֮꣬ʱڹ浱ҽֻ˹ж뿪˻ʹԼ˼á
û뵽ԭʧ伣˶һȻ˷ĵϡ
ֶҩֽһһŮӽ£ҹȫֻ֮ĺۼɷΪ콫ȱС
һͺһŮӱȷ¶ҩ֮ڼʱ֮־壬þȫɫĺۼ
ڷҩڼ䷢ʲô飬˸֪顣
ԣܶլŮӺ󹬹ΪݺͨһΪľǲвԼĶֶ֣ҩĺôҩЧɢ
ϸȷڷĵһ
ʲôطһ
򲻵ҩ䷽Ǿÿһζҩݵļ۸Ǽ߰һܳܵ𣬻бʮǰҩѾʧˡҡҡͷ˵Źһ䷽֣ԼʮǰҩϾ黨ʧھʮδֹһһж¼ھļʮǰδֱ
ա
һ˵һҩݣֱӹһҩˣضǺŻȨƵĹԱˡ
˵˴һĨЦ⸡ڷĵĴǣЦϱɭɭð
ѾͷܱܲôЦ˼ʹˣܲŵġ
ŷЦЦɭЦݣǴĵ淢
ò˵ĹȻǷģûпˡ
һ֪֮棬ʱᶾĻᵭȻǰ죬ŵÿ޵ﵽݷ
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Ѿͷ㲻ô
ϻһʷĴʱ˿ôġ
£
Ц⣬Ũ
˸۵ףǹؼκѱĿԽŨš
ֵûк֡
ʭӶ˲ҧˣϵĻ˵ֶؼӹƶ໥ƺţӦǸ˵Ļĺúõģ⻹ҪлЩĻֵ֮Ʋ
һ룬Ĺ֮뿪Լ滹ֶᶾҲ·һ
޳ָ˵û棬صڷУġ
ϣмְսĶ
ϷԼްաѾͷϷÿա
ϻ£бһ顣
Ԥö֮뿪һߺЩݺԼĺϷһ߽ⶾ
ôأ
κء
ڣˡ
ǲһˮ췭ظͲзġ
ѾͷǴԺϷǰôЦһϷô졣
ԾſˮĴǵЦŵͻͻֱĵϲòꡣ
һЩڶص֮ҲԽˣͱ֮Ҳ׼ǧ긮
¥뿪֮ʱɫѾڵŨңǳǳ¹ڵϣӰб
·ϣ˼ʱ飬ǰշҼϽӴ˽Ӵ
Ƿҵ˻ǹĶϸϸĻ˸㣬Ҳûҳ﷢쳣Ķ֮һʱԷˡ
ڷİ˼֮ʱһ̤ŷѩɱ
ſļģ˿һ۷ģ۵׵š
ģһˡ
ɷ˵˵űץ˹ŷĵ½ץ˹ȥ֮³֮˽ǿŮ
˭һ֪֪ϸץȥ
һ˫Ĵּץȥʱ򣬷Ĵһһ˿գЩϵ
˭ΪʲôҪߡ˫۶ż򣬷Ĵǰ֪Ϊɶϴŵ·Щ죬һʱ벻

37 Ըĺҵ

ڷĴͬʱҲڴŷģȻе˿
˭ֲʡ
˵ţǴһӣҪץɱһɵӰ˹ȥ
ǲɵŴô
ȺûӵץģɲϱţǿдԼȥ
Ҳ֪Ⱥвܺ۸
Ȼ㲻ʶ̧٣ͱǲˣץȥ
ǣ
£ǲΧм䣬֪ǽץס֪ĻΪҹҪһŮӸʲôء
ӲģҲǸԼＸ
ֲȻѵصľˡ
һȽϣǼֱϵ¡
һ죬ĺһͬʱǣסһֱۣһ羢ֱж
һ죬ļİʱһƣһƱǡ
ֻҹɫ֮£ͬСڵ˷
Ƭеʱ䣬ϵĹͷѾж߰˰ˣ̱ѩͬһ̲һ
˵ûӶڿǣ˶֮ǰҪԷԼԼͶԷʵ֮Ĳ࣬ô
ڼǰĺĵĽ̵ʵսľ顣
һֺ书ȴ˴ĺˮһң˰
жǵļ˵ɥʧˣҪ߷ģԼǿˣκһ˿ڡ
ϣһżģ˵ɶ
⼸ż˵ĺǸڵЦš
ʱһҹɫдһͬ׵˳ɫ֮¡
ǧ˵ֵñְ۽磬Щҿ޷ǧ˹һˡ
ѭĻعȥ
е֮ʱһԭ˵ı顣
ǿ̫֮ʱҸ磬˵ʲôҪľͱ赲Ҹ;
㡭ԣԺ㣿ӣҲԣ¿ɶš
ְߺ㣡
ߺһǺҹɻܿϵ飬ɼĿ˵Щøߺĵŭ
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ǧ룬һ̸̸ĺͳ顣
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һԹ֮ɫǲŮñѪȵȵĴÿƿԣȻҲ˵˻
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뿤ķİ԰ڣ֮Ů˵٣ֱһɢӺݻŮŻ˳
һɫĳȹд˹͸ţʵľռʮҲĿתͣۿ
ĺ˫ҲһˣһһЦĿ
Ĳμ
ĺ˫ʱ򣬷˸
ϾԼֻǧˣ˵ֻһټҷһ񸾣ĺ˫ĿſͷΡ
ɣĸͲؾˣϲ衣
ĺ˫ڷĵĶ棬һ˫Ųӿŷģƽ׽ʵԶ
Ҳĸû̫ļ䡣
ԭŵʱֻĺ˫棬ȻЩʱҲܵĺ˫ոʵ϶ĺҡ
ĺǿΨһѪΪĸ׵ĺ˫ȻԶӳ谮мӦҲΪݼڵĹϵŻԷĶһۡ
Ƕǰ
Ļǵһν֮ʱߺԼ˵һӦҲĺ˫⡣
ղǧ긮ÿɻá
Ķ豭ǳһ֮ŵ޺ۼĽˮ˻ȥ
ؿĻǧ긮úܺãǧҲܺá
ĸǧ긮ίأĸҲͷˡ
ĺ˫Գĸȴʼսſ˶ˣһƺݡģĸһ飬ܹǧĻԸ뿤Ϊҵ檣

38 ˰ˣ

ܺǧ룬Ը뿤Ϊĺҵ̣
Ŀĺ˫۵һĨɱ֮ʱĵһ˿Ц⻮
Ȼ̫ĺ˫Ϊλôʣʵ߷һ飬ڵͷ˵ԼԸ뿤Ϊĺҵ̣һ룬ʮѴ󵶼ڲϣࡣ
Ȼ޺硣
ؿĻǧ긮úܺãڳԴõַ棬ҪȷҺǧء
仰ĵ˵ʵ
뿴ôжԵ֮УİݻǶһ
ȻĹǣסԼܻȥһд˯зԡ

˺ôԱϵµء
棬ִȢ㣿

վĺ˫ǰĺ˫һ
ҸĴңΪޣǧҲ޸ҸΪ檡
ĺ˺ܺãȷȷʵʵɷҪѡ
ᣬҶҲãʵĴ
һ㣬ĸмĺҡ
ǽ壬ǱԩģϻǱż˿һӶϴ˵ġ
ΪԼҲΪĺңǶȻȥһġ
ߣһص㡣
Բ檵ġ
̫ޣ檡
ȻЩͺãϾҪһЩӲǡ
ĺ˫ƺĵĻشĿ޵ɨһ۷ϵĲ豭΢΢̾һ
ðɣȻû㣬ĸҲʲôˣߺ㣬ȥɡ
ǣ
ĸߺ㽫͵˿ǰغ˴ţֻ·һվҹ档
Ұ
ǵҵŮˣȷ黹졣
ƲƲ죬Ľ˽ϵ·תǧ긮ķȥ
ɲһ·̣һŲЩӵҡ
Ƭ֮󣬺ҹгֵʮһס˷ĵȥ·
ûˣǽġ
һϲʱ䣬סȥ·
ѵбˣһΣĲ̫ɽ䱸
˵ˣܹܣ
ɱ
ܵô࣬һɱ£˲䣬ʮӰԾֻ΢ɫ֮£źĵгŷĿ˹
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һ£ڷļʱδ˼֮ɵֱֵϻһӣѪ˲
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ʵϣϵķȴɱˣʵ
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ĵӰһαƽʱķҲûȥϵ˿ԴԴϵӿѪôȥɱҲΪѪ
ȻǶʮһ͹Ӷ꣬ȴǹŴС壬ô϶ǳ˯˯ѣ棬ԶԶǰٷ֮һ
ۿź˱ƽ̧ͷ˲һ˵˫ۣһĨЦ۵ס
ߺ㣬ʵҲô
ˣĺ˫ǲŹҪԾ󻼡
ŮˣݶҲĺ
Щ˱ǿΪ׵ȻǸߺ㡣
ߺû뵽ĻϳԼȻû뵽Ļܶࡣ
ĵӰٵһ̣ǧһ֮ʣһѳзֱĴ棬˸ߺ˵ĽŲ
¹£⣬֪ǲǷĵĴȻֵХ֮
ʧѪ඼˻þˡ
ɱٵķˣǻʸ񡣡

ģġ
ѭͷȥֻһӰУ̤ɫ
˰ˣ
£Ľŵһ˿ѵʶɢһ˹ȥһλȥҪԭΪʧѪ֮࣬ʲôľͲ֪ˡ

39 ڣô

ǧ긮
ڰôˡ
ಡ챻ĸڳˣǲǸմ¥ֿôⱻѸůֱǼһǧ긮˵ǷĿˡ
ŵæ·ҽҩѧǧ긮
˻ιۣôصְ
ĺۣᶼˡ
֪ˣЩ˴ܵʱôء
·˽һЩľû뵽Ѿͷ֣һ֮ȻӲĴʮ˸ĺӣɱ˺ü
һֱΪѾͷֻҽ߳˼թѡû뵽ôţƣ뿴ϵ˶ܡ
棬ʵĺ档
ι໣۰ֲ֣㡣
ŵ㣬ôˡ˿ڻ̵ġ
˭Ǹ۰̲˰
ϸҽ˿ڣɱһĺţеһң֪ĻΪڲء
ңİڳ϶һǳһڣеĲ豭ϣǷĵĲҽ̶İü
ǧ꣬÷ĵı仯̫ô
˵ı仯һֱϵı仯
ȷϷûݣȫŷĸǷС㡣
ʵǰڴϷɱһľǷıˡ
ĵĵϸ˵书ˣͽһֻ£οɱˣһʮĸ
ԽĴɱƲȫˡ
۷ֻˣû֮ǡ
һ̫棬Ľ˲⡣
ǧ꣬÷ġǷС㱾ô
Ѿ֪𰸵ҪӿеõһЩĻشԼеĶۡ
źҹзһĿˡ
ĹǴŲŲĹС㣬ȫȫһ˶Ľɱ֡
ӷ䵶ַÿһк˵֮ڡ
Ļİһ˫۸ţβĺ벻˵еʡ
ľ˶֪顣
п̫ˣǧ긮ˣȻö֮Ĵɱ
ǻģĵǷĵݣǧ긮˵ݡ
ĺ˴ɱˣսǧ긮Ȩ
߹ز̫ƽˣĺҵҲóˡ
Ц⣬ڴǣЦΣձ鲼ҹŻԱʱء
ĪͶ֮ĶԻĲδڴһҪķľ֣˿˵ĵۣ̾ʱҽѧ
Ƕʮһͺð
Ǯػݣʳſ˳ԡ
ˣٿҲҩˡ
϶һҩ֭ɬҩ֭ɢŵζ÷Ļ˶ʮһ͵ķ＼
Ѿͷ뿪¥֮ȥôᱻ׷ɱ
ű͵һһԵĽҩ֭ȥ
ɬζϵسԺĸζֱݡ
۽۽
һ۽ðŽϢζ嵭
ô֪ǿ׷ɱң
ĲĿϣɫ΢΢һ£æĿ˵ġ
ŶǴ¥ֿôȥһ𡣡
˵Լ뿪¥֮˿ĵһȻͱȥ˿֮ȫĹͷжľ
Ȼأ
ȻҾͺͿһᣬ;ǧ֮ԸԸ뿤ΪҸ̡
ôһĵһ̽Ѿͷ
ѾͷͷĻǻᵱ
ĺ̽㡣
ԣŮ̽ңһ᲻ӦӦ˵Ļͻ
һĨӵľٶ
ôҲ벻£ĺ˫ȻģκηǷ֮룬ڶɱɹִ֮øߺ˰ɱ
ֻϧˣĺ̫Сˡ
ѾͷʵĺҶͦõģûôĵ飬ĺҲһѡ񡣡
վڷߵģڿĺ˫Ȼʹò˵ĺȷȷʵʵʵĶĺá
ҲصĶΪˡ
Ҳ֪Ҹ˺ãѾ˶֣Һ;ǧҲԲ뿤ģΪ̫޲檡
Ըϲ޾ڡ
ΪլйĶǵŮˣ˵̣ʲôԼҲԤϲһŲҰʲô̫Ѫˡ
ԣҵԺȵ̫޺ˡңҪݣѾӻˮĸǻǲء

40 Ӳ

ԥҪҪʱĺİ˵Ļ߷ġ
̹ȻģԼǾ̫޲檵Ļ֮ʱ㽫䵽ߵĻ˻ȥ
úϢɣϷҪؼ˯ȥˣʲô¶Ϸ򡣡
и񾭵Ѿ˫ۣ뿪ǧ긮صú󣬵ڴϱ˯˹ȥ
Ҳҩݵ½磬һ˯˴
˵ķѵ˼գſڴ߰ĿŷѩһƬƬ£İʳӹýһ
ʱͨһߵҪġ
ߵô
Ȼվǧ긮ǰߵ˭
ʲôˡ
ӵĲˡ
ûͷĴֱ̣ӱ⡣
̵֪ģʱҲŸԼϵһɽ糿ӾɼѰЧ֮ǧ긮ҷġ
ʲô߰
ЩȻˣһֱŹĵĲ顣
ϣһֱüͷɫЩ
˵ӦûзĿԣҩʳǰķӽеģ˲裬ȫ̶ڣֵܷͼ
ΪιĻᷢʵڲ⣬Ҳֻеȵլһˡ
լ
һ£Ӿ鷿УֱоһĨϤϢɫĽ֮ⷽɻ
ˣƿɺˣô
޳ָĴŷĵƣм䶼ǶԷĵĵǡ
ۣۺۣûоҶô
Ļظһ仰˫ŷĵεҡҡͷЦ
ֺģܿɰ
أ˵ɲȸһ¶ġ
ĵͷ̽ѰŹĵ󣬹Ȼǲ֮ʱס
ϣʱ䶼ǰշô
һ糿ڹլˣĻŽпһĹһԣ˵ŹڹҩԼһʱϸ¼
üͷ
ǰ˵һжûκ⣬ҲӦ÷
ôһ¡
ҶƵʳҩģСɰ˱ô
ޡһЩʵĹϹϲһĹӣǹ˳еĹӡ
˵ţһɫʺĹӶ˵ǰҲһŹҧһڣˬ֭磬һɫ֪ӹҪ
һ¶֮󣬷Ҫһöӣɹͱ
ֹֻй˳ǲУһŹӽúܡ
֮⣬ûʸԡ
ղûע÷ֿ˳һϲԵĹô÷ŮմȾ
УСӣҪҼ๫һ𣬻ںһô
ƲƲ죬İݡ
Ȼˬڹķԭҵˡ
Ѿͷ˹Ӳ鷢ǲǷҪҪٻһַӣ
ҪûճƶʳҩþͺãֹպԲڳһš
ָűĹ̡
Сɰ֮Էֹ벻˸ϵһζҩݲᣬһκεԱƻҩЧɷ֡ľ׶Ļ͸ϵԺͼԵĶһ𣬻ᷢܶ벻ЧͬСɰϱۺϣҩЧɷʧȥ
Чá
ԭˣ
һ֮⣬ֲǰһʱõĺúõأҲԵļЧԴӹ֮һòֻصԭ㡣
оգоհ
Ҫô
ľ֮ʱıܵȥץסģдһ֡
˫иֶįĹĵļдԼߣֻȥЩСϻ
ȥ
ûģվԭĿԶ
һźݺݵĴ䣬һеع֮£˫âŭŷġ
һһŭ
ʲôҪǲСɰæ
ߣ
һᵽģŭһҪ˵ڵĻ˻ȥ
ΪǼҹӣʱø
棬ץָʹǸʲôвˣͣˢȵȵȣֱȻ˻
ԹΪѹţΪԼҹӣԻѷӹˡ
ˣһӷŪˡ
æһķĺ˦ӿʼԣһ߳ϻһŷĵĳվ¡
ӣٳһЩɡɵСɰģɣ

41 Ź˼

ĵĲոȶûãȻûʲôθڵģүǾǲڡ
һָػдһЩ
ûʲôθҲҪһЩܺЩ
ҨһӼȴ֮ιĵߡ
ƺƬ֮ſڣιߵļȥ
գһ뼦˵ס
ģǲҲҺãԷô򵥵鶼á
Լ
Ȼ岻㣬䵽˵ز΢СҲͷ˻ʲô
֪ΪΣڷǰʱὫʵĴչֳ
ò˿ò˰Իˡ
ΪŲκ壬ʱҪĲô򵥣һҪ鱦ء
ĵĻùЦĵ׵Ҳɢȥ
͸㡣
ĴӻһľʵִִȥͨͨÿһľʵӶɢŵ
ȷջ֣Ľľִϡ
ִʮֹأҲա
ƴţҪִġ
ִȻľʵģǸʶˣһʹãҴ޲ðıҲܲõľִ򵥡
ģڵûʲôߣִҲڹؼʱ̾ҲΨһ顣
ǹĿǰ˵ΨһΪ顣
ִŹ˼ҡ
ĵףڹؼʱ̾һҲΪԼ
ģ°ɣ˹ӵĺ⡣
Ͽִһͷʾ£Ȼ֪дʲôҲܿƴǡ
˵Ѿͷɵ治ʶ
գڹļֵ̬£ĻľִȻıɭ
լǰϵĺ˪ӵϣһۿɼŭʮֲƵľŷġ
ģִԹ˵ΪҪϣƱܣԼԴˣҲľִŪˡ
һݺݵĹ˹լĴţϺͷĸ⡣
קĺͶƵãΪԼϸ߾ǰ
Ѿͷ֪֪ɶö
˫ֲ棬ٺٵЦţЦжôˡ
ϣǲǸɶˣЦôթء
У༸һ춼Ǵһлɻ£˵ϵľִ
ϸĽŹִԼʡ
˼ÿһӻ˵ÿһ̳˶ӵһľִ˼˳֮Ϊ
ù˼լɽɣÿܳɲһţ
ӵ൱ڹ˼δ峤ԣǺڰǻңҪӡ
ִУ൱һ
߷ô࣬ͬһǿʲôҲҪ˼ˡ
ԭˡ
һ֮⣬ֲı޲ýԼ̻һԭôһϵ
ˣϷҲҪؼˣʹ˱ɣϷԷǵԼơ
ʮ·ڴĺϷֱ

ʱһͣ˷󣬳ϣһֻ޳ĴֽİݵĿһ۷ġ
ϳ
๫
׼߻ǧ긮ķĿİݵʱɫɵһ¡
๫ô
ҲǴӻʹ·̫ô⣬ʵ˲⡣
ŷĵĻİ̧ͷһ˵ŮӣֵͷרעĿе顣
Щ쳣üͷ̫ƺ̫ˣ˭ǵڣ
๫Ǵӹô
һ仰󣬳һĬ
̫治ˣ벻׵ķҲȥ룬һظ֮ҪúõϢǣۣ
յصڶߣ֮ͣ׼ԼԺȥ֮ʱİݵ
ΪˣԽ֭㣬ϲӵȷֲˡ
˻߲Ͷġ
˵ۣҪİǲܽκͶġ
Ϊ鷿㡣
£İݲ˵ʲôתȥ
ԭصһ䳰ȷı鿴ŷġ
˸ʱ򣬿ûԼһ˻
Ŷ
ô°
˵İһ··ɫôá
ɻ˵ˡ
ȫɽܵķΧ֮ڰ˵һߴ֡
ιߡ
ιָɲΪ֥С¶˽ҩ
ƾʲô
ƾűǧˡ
ܵԸⲻԸ⣬ֱǺǧ긮͹լ䵽ͬһ³Ϊһӵġ

42 ๫вˣ

веģ
һı飬ϱе߰ܲŻ
˭ղŶԼһͨţԼ͹ʲô˵һ
Ϸһͷв˶еĺÿ
һ
ӵеĲ˵ˢһ嵶ļӣһܲгƬƬƬӨ͸
Ż˭أ˾ͲǱŴģȥ
ʱ˿̣ǹլǧ긮Ƕ޼˷
ǶǾԲ̷Ů˻ڡ
սһٶž֮󣬷鷿ʾѲ˷ϡ
๫Էɡ
Ϊ÷
ı·˺뿪ϾæһˣҲǸҪϢ
Σе㲻Ϊ
ĸԼİݶʢһ׷ſҪԼȽԶĲˣ֪ôģǲ˾ͺԼһǼвǵ棬ʮΡ
ˣˡ
һڰ׷һڰ׷ĳţɾڴʱһ˫ǰ漴ȥ֮һղвӡ
̧ͷĵĿǿ˿ȥ˲עˡ
İݸвˡ
İݸвˡ
İݸвˡ
Ҫ˵Σζ뵽İݾȻԸвˡ
ҵ찡ֱ缶ذţ
þǧļвˣ͵档
ûиоҷ𾪵ķĺһŻع񣬿˿İݣ˿Լǰķ룬ԺзٷŸָĿԡ
´סҪŽΪϲζ

Ψн֭н˿ȥһĽ֭㣬ļһӽ֭˹ȥʹĽİݵС
ʱ䣬ƺֹһ̡
ۿİݳеĽ֭㡣
๫ǲˣҪҪĸһơ
˼⣬ĵĿһֱİ˫˵ĵۣҪҳһȫ
ԽľԽǲǲǴȶãȻ֮ɱڣ
Բźչľ飬İ˫һĽ䱸֮⡣
׻˵ģ޶ɷֱ̫仰Ľ尡
һٷڷĵĲ֮¹ȥˣصĳŮܾﲻԾ
ȻƽµĻţİݵľٶ̫ˡ
ҪСĵǣ
ԣ
ҹر磬Ϣ׼ڶһǰլ
˭֪ո˯ã㱻˳ˡ
ˣ
ϵ𣬷ǿǿ˫ۣʺˡ
ûҪòϲܳ˯ô
վһҪǧԸҪİȫһŮ˴ж˿顣
ǧ껰ǰ鷿
ģվˣ
ڴϵķ˲˹
ֲóԷʱǸвʲôģԭ
֮󣬷鷿
鷿ͨŴ򿪵һ̣İݵĿɨһ۷ģ޳Ĵֽһǰ
๫ûʲô
ĿǷûż
ǰһС˵ߵӾŶΣŷһװ˽֤ͨݣȻİݾͻ֤ʣʮһΡ
˭˽ͨ
ԲķĲżŰֽϵݣһ˫İţ۵׵ĺɱ֯һԽŨҡ
ʲôʱ飿
ֽϵϢǹڷǧԵϢ
鱨˵︮ǰɽҪ׽÷ǧԻصԷǧԵвģӶﵽ︮ĳЩĿġ
һ÷︮ӵӣǧҲ䲻
֮ǰ
İʼעŷĵһһ뿴һĶԷǧԵĹǼ١
Ȼˡ
ңܺá
Խ֮ȻûǧԣΪԭҲҪǧǡ
ҾȻ㽫ǧץв
ԣ֡
ΪҪʧϣô
İݵʻЦЦݱķѩҪ伸֡
ĵȻӿˣһһѻף๫һ֮
ԷҴûʲô˵Уοԭڷҵʱܵ˰ٰŰټҾȻҪ÷ǧԵв
³һеɱŨš
ңһϴɾӵšĵˣ֪ʲôá

43 ڶ

ǧԵʧٲ÷ĵǣҲͬ÷˵ǡ
ʱ鷿
һȺϷǿ÷ǧԣô˾Ȼһ˵ĺʧˡ
Ԩв豭ݺݵ˹ȥ̵ĲˮһɹڵϵӲҧһܵĴ
峤ĻʱһͻȻְ֣˲˵Ķ֡
֣ɿʲôô
ԨĻһ㿴ҿ㣬˵һ
峤书߳ҵȲΪǸ˵ģ
Ĺڵϵ̧ͷԨǲǧǧץطҵĿʲô
ʱ䣬Ҳǧԣ
ǣ峤
գ¥
¥¥żУֻһζȱ˳Եĸɸɾһ㴼ľˮǱôˡ
þƣǺþƣϷʮϷʮ֮кȵõľˡ
£ǸԼһƣϸϸƷŻζƣ᲻һڽȫȥ
ǵȻҪȻҲôСˡ
һ˭¶ǣķ¿ӡ
Ǵİ͵ģ̫صƸĶǼƷ𣬵Ȼúˡ
ϣҼǵϴ˵ֶҩһֽһ
ԣզˣ
ϲĿŷģѲѾͷƳһĽҩˡ
䷭ٲʥҽⱾ飬йһһЩء
һһ㣬ζ͸һɾĸǱ֮У˲þ˵֢״
ûǴĻڿһƺҲһɵľ㣬ȻҶķҷڸǡ
ӦüǵڿǼ飬ʱѾϲ裬ҸȷǱˮбȻһ
һô˵һ˫׵üë
һѾʧãȻںܲܲɹõһһȨ֮ˡ
Ѿͷôһ˵Ѳ䶾֮һһͿ벻˸ϵ
ѾͷҳԣЩ鲻˵
Ͼŷûʮʮ֤ĪҪ嶯ʻĵȻϵĵǡ
ģһͿйأĿǰ˵Ҳʲô
²ҸϣֻҪĺ˫鷳ԭһȻҲ롣
ĺ˫ִҪЩʲôǾͱκˡ
УϷһЩףƲ涾֮ӦǱ׶
׶
Ŵ˸ҩôôж
㲻ֶ֪ľ巢ʲôɴ־һ
ԣ׶ȵʱȫȽ棬ĥ˵־ڼ߼ȵĻþС
׶֢״Ĳɵˣĳּܱ̫ˣˣ
ȿȡ
ѾͷֶϷҲ¶ۣƶô;ϽĹơ
ֱûжϳĶأ˵ŷڵĹƶ
ĹƵ˲ȥÿշҩӴձֹ֮࣬ƶ˵ĥ߱鲼ȫ֮ʣҲǴ˽һˡ
жϵûдĻѾͷĹ˵ȻĹӦú;ǧйϵ뵽ѾͷڼĲɹϣӦûˡ
ѾͷôǽⶾĻҪֶҩĽҩĹƵĽҩȺη£򻰱ᷢһЩԤ֪顣
⻹ԤϵõĽ
úõһŮӣôţĵŮһŷġ
һһ
Ҳֻô˵ˡ
Ȼ涾ӣ֪жԼ¶ĿԱҲССջˡ
һ¡
ϲò˵ĺҡ
߹սƵĺͳ߾֪һĻĺ˭ô
һ⣬ôҴˡ
˭
ǧꡣ
һĪİԱ˵žǧ֡
İݣ
һƣǧ긮Ϳһ򲻺ͣİĻºҲ֮е顣
˵ĺҲСӣǼҳ㷹ˣȵսƽ֮Ȼ῭
ŷһ˵ı飬ҡҡͷһĪİԱ顣
ֻ֪үͬжǧ긮ȴ֪ԭΪΡ
ȻҲ߷ĵ֮ʱĺҺİݾ˵ʲô
˵ǰһʱ佫߷ĵĻѾͷжʹ飬ĺ˰ɱ֮ٵ֪ĺ˵Ļֻͽա԰ڶӰɡ

44 ĺˡ

ػһµʱ䣬߹ս¸漱ĺΪԮͳ˧ǰ߹֧Ԯ
һ磬ĸո׼һ׼ǰլ㱻һ׵ʿסȥ·
ǧˣĺͳ˧ǰ
Ҹ磿
ĺҲӦóôʱԶ뾩ˣΪҪǰ
ĪǿȦô
ǲķĽ䱸յϵĻصڶߣֱ˳ǰͣ
ģˡ
Եīɫ˫һɫĿװ֮䣬ʱĺҼѵֳž˵İǰǰ
Ҹ磬㲻Ѿ뿪ô
ǰ߹أҸ˵仰
ĺ֣ůůŷĵĶͷСʱһģһܰ
Ҹߵʱ䣬һҪúõıԼܲҪ뿪ǧ긮ô
֪ˣҸģһԼίġ
ĺһʱ򣬷ÿÿԼһҪչ˱ǻСŮĺҾǿΪڷ絲Ĳ
ģҸ磬ʤ̹֮ʱȢ븮

Ȣ븮
ɵãĺ˫ڿ˵һ
ļ뿤ŲҰǳ顣
Ҹ磬ѾǾǧˣ䲻㣬ҸҲսҵԼİŮӡ
Ĳ˺ĺңԴ֮䣬Ҳĺˡ
ӣǻӣǹһӡ
ĲؾɵĹˣ˺֮޷Խĺ蹵ʲôǿ
ġ
һֻǣŷĵУĺ³ůŷıС֣ٶǵ÷ĵķһ
ֻ޹Ů޹ط£ǵů⡣
£һжҸڣ۷ʲô飬Զվߡ
Ҹ磬Щ˵֪
࣡
˼Ϊ˱ĺִȥľǽ֮Ĺϵ˵׵ıȽϺãĺңĺİݺˣҲĺġ
Ϊ⣬ҲĺǣЩ֮߰С
÷治뵽ǣ̧ͷһ˲䣬һĨȸڶͷϡ
ĺҡ
ĺҵô˵ǰ
һֻХһϮµķĴľվԭأ۳谮Цˡ
ģң
һ仰ĺҲԶȥҲʧڵƽڣֻһʯʯ
ɣĺӾȻǧ긮ˣҵ찡ô̼
ǲҪѾǧˣȻĺӣĵĺı¿ɴȥˡ
˭˵أҸ˵ϴҾͿһÿĹǣŷĵ֣Ļǣ˻ȥ
ǧ꾹ȻȢôһŮӣ治֪õľǧԴ϶ٶñˡ
⻰˵ģǧүǸ̫࣬㲻ĺŮӣĵȻǳȥ͵ˡ
һһĻصڶߣ֮һ˫üͷеɫǧֱ仯ջȥ
ˣ
Ⱥ˽ʲôãֲᵶȫˡ
ʱŲԶĿջУڶ¥żݽŷһȫ۵ס
һ¶ǣݵĿڷĵϡ
ǰһʱ俤ɱģûɹ÷ķɱ˻ȥүҪҪְȥ̽̽ĵĵϸ
վĿǲĿŷĵıӰ
ǷһͨͨС㣬вĵӣ˶ѡ
һһ鶼ΧŷģǵĺĳصıӾǧл÷ġ
ңڵķĺ͹˼ҵĹҲ
ʵ벻ͨճǽǸһϢŮΪλӡ
汾˴ʱĪѰĵ鷳
һƣľˮصڿڳ֮䣬֮һʴζĳһ
ģԽԽȤˡ
Ӻһ֣ܵһֱͷķĻȥָָ֮ܳⲢʲôԵԱ
Լֱղһڰй۲һС
һ
ӳſ뿪ǰլһ·ϣĶĿĽ
˹լΪĿȻԸоõ۵׵ĵ٩֮ɫ
ǧ긮ķˣſڵľٶǵ˿֮£Цţеɫ˿ڵŷġ

45 ķ

ţİһۡ
˾Ȼ֪˼ҵôԣɴԺԴ裬Σ
˻ȥͱŵķֻϽ͡
ģʲôĵô
ڷĵдԼĵǡ
Դ¿ʼ͸һӷζȻܸܵõ
Ĳ֪ڳ¥ǰʲô֪ԼҹǰŮˣΪǧ긮ķ˾Ȼ׼Լգ˾ɷŮˣҽιӵĲ飬Ȼ÷ְڹǰ˹
۾
ôķȥţҲ֪ĺһͻȻһǵô˵档
ԽԽǷ꣬ŹĵĹУεһеķƾɢȥ
û¶ʱԵ̫ˣЩŵˡ
˻⣬ڹĵд
վѩˣʲôԸô
ۿŻһµʱҪˣ֮ǰһҪĽգѩڡ
ҲǷ·Ⱥүֹŵ֪ġ
ഫںܾúܾǰ׷֮ʱһȶķսƵǾ޶˻ʱз
һѩ֮Уİżȣĳ͢ѾֵʳԶԶճ衣
ѵ棬һŮ˵ĳּ²
Ů˳ΪĻʺ󣬿ǲ֪ΪΣͻȻһʺôƾʧڼĴ֮ϡ
дԣ˵ŮѩǾȿɡ
ԣŮӳֵһ죬ѩڡ
죬ǻṩѩŮԼԸϣѩܹʵԸ
ڹһʼǲŵġ
ϾȽĶʮһͣſƼɹıǱȽϲʵ翵ڵ۷йͺãԼոԣСӡ
ǣԴӴԽ֮󣬷Ķһµļ⡣
ҪȻԼ֮ôᴩԽŴԽΪҵСų۸˵ķСˡ
ռ˿ܻլ
崺Ц⸡˫īУ˲ɵҲЦ
Ŷû¶һԸһ˵ѩġ
һЩ򵥵ʳιŹĳȥ뿪լڹլǰ׼뿪ķıסˡ
ġ
ɶ¶
Ļعͷ۲⿴ɶ
˵
̬ȸ˵Ŀǣ÷ĺܲϲ
һӵĲӦԺ֮಻׼ٺ͹𣬿Թ˼ҵҪԸѩڡڶѩ㲻լ˼ҳϰ
Ǻǣ
˵ĵһڶ÷ЩЦ
һǹ˼ʵҪԸͲ׼Сɰѩڣǲǹûˣ㻹ɱ˹˼ҵ˭˭˭հ
ĺһ˻ȥ
ǰԴšȥ
ڶѩձ¶Ҷߣ
һת뿪˹լֻһŭԭؿǵʧеİӰ͸ߵ緢Ļ޲ýճɻҽ
һٸԼҪŭĵĴڶԹӵĲҲܰŵŮŪһҪ̣
뿪լʱѾˣĲδǧ긮ȥ˼ġ
һ·ȫǳĻһһ
ġ
ι˰
ԶԶľͿ˷ģһ٩±㿴Ѿͷɫæջ˽Ц
Сӣȥ׼Щþƺòˡ
ǣƹġ
úԺһƣ̧ͷһڽƾ£ţˮһֻ
ϣ̣ƣϷò״ϰͷҪģʡŵȣ
һһںͺȰ׿ˮһžƵķģۡ
ֻ۲ΪģΪľˮ
ܼҺզûˣһζû
ѾͷĺСôһ°
ϵʻתͷһ˫д˷ꡣ
ô֪һ糿ȥլСɰû߶ԶͱҸ˽ȥſڡʼһΪء
ĺ˵糿飬˵Լĺ˵׵ģ
ԼĺİˣҲĺΪĺҵ̣һ˵Ҳܡ
ûȿڣ̧ͷһ̸оһȣĺҾ
ĺն಻˵ܣ˵ĻᶼûСҰˣ

46 ¶

ϣ˵¶Թô
Թ
ȻԹģ֮˻ǻὫеĹϣΪǷĵΪ㡣
ѾͷӦô;ǧͣ
ϵĵҽ˵ſǰһĻ֮ʱ֪鲻ˡ
ĵǷҵķС㣬Ǿǧ긮ŮˣҲ໥ĵӡ
ѾͷϷһķ紵ݶĳЩ˶джԾǧꡣ
ţĺ׷ĵһͼӴһʮʮѩһԽԽܱΪʲô汾Ѿ󲻵ķˡ
ͣΪʲôҪͣ
ڵʲôԽǽͣԽ˵
ңΪİ֮ʲôΪԼİݴһñӣⲻ֪˶֮䲻ǻõĹϵѡ
İоһǣĳЩ˵ӣһ֮ѣкα˷Ѵȥء
Ϸİɣ¶֮ͻᱻġ
ãһ£
ص뿪Ƭ̺󣬻ʱжһɫСƿƿװŵɫҺ壬һֵ֮ܰ뵱ڿȵĲζ
ʲô
һĽҩ
ʱһֱûţԴ֪Ѿͷֶҩ֮һһ֮ûûҹĲףڻ첻ˣҵƽ֮
ԭһĽҩǽһҩķӵϼֲҩݵɣɡ
ϽһĽҩ˷ģص˵˽Ļ
ȻһĽҩ֣Ժֶҩ͹ƶԲԷһĽҩҪֶҩ͹ƶĽҩҳ֮󣬲ηýҩ
ѰֻҪֶҩһ֣ѾˣǸ⣬ĺӣֶҩ໥ƺ֮£Ȼûж
ϡҪôлźã
ϵĸм֮޷ǸϲɿˣϵĶġ
Ѿͷôɿˣɲ㰡
ϺǺǵЦţŷġ
ͰѷĵԼŮˡ
Ůвˣүүܲżô
ģûĻľԻТ
ѾͷھͰһĽҩ˰ɣϷһ°׷ͺڷ˵񫡣
Ϻݺݵذһ۷ģѾͷĺڣ
¶ˣƹĳ¶ˣ
Сӻ𼱻ǵܵ˺ԺָԶ
á˻𣬺ö˶ˣ˵˱á
Сһ߽ŷ飬ĺ϶һ߳ǰȥ
һǰã㱻һսĳζΧţӶԱϵ˿ڶǱ֮ĺۼ
ѾͷǱˡ
ҽݣٻ˵Ĳ˶͵
ϺͷӰڲشһˮ˲Ϻȡ
Сӣɴߣþ
ã
ĹڱĵϸǴ˿ڣһһߡ
Ѿͷ
ˣ
ϰһ˵ӣκβ̫һϹͷڡ
ټϲ˿ڲϵӿѪٲʱαûκϣˡ
ô˵ôأ
ڵϵķĿϰѹŵߣֵ£ŵˡ
˵Ϊ˾ȼӣķҵ˫ȣ˺ͬŴӻק˳
˵𿾵ĺںںģϵ˿ջٵ·ǶƤ֮У¶ɭɭ׹ǡ
ȡ
ҽѧ豸Ψ취ܱס˵
Ҳֻˡ
ĺϴһֱæ˰ҹǿǿĽ˻˿ڶá
˿ڽǵһȴ˵ԶԶֹЩ
ȥϢһɣš
ʹϵػţĽһõȲǰ
û¶ϷֲûҹȥϢһ°ɡ
Ҳû¶ǰ켸ҹ˯ʱУⲻʲô
ǣһĨƣЦݣһԣŴɫ
Ϊ˾ˣ
Ҫ˵Ϊɱˣô
Ƕʮһ͹ӶʱΪһ߶ͽǰعɱһ̡
̵լۡʩνǾܵĺܣһֻ϶׷
Ӷһѽελòǰģܲ͸İ֮£ƾŶصַսնɱȡӶ𣬹һʱңӡȻɱָ߼׷ɱʮִ̼һ

47 ͬô

Ȼ׷˵ʲôҲûмȥ
һûһţһЩҽѧϵ⡣
һҹʱڶйȥˡ
ԱΪƹػûаϳǮüǴʬȥúðᡣ
Ķżű߿ŽԶȥǣֽϵϡ
һëεҲĵʱ򡣡
ȥȥȥѾͷ֪ңϷֻǿһ˿ˣֻ¹¶ĸԺҪѹˡ
ҡҡͷε̾һص˼á
һʱ䣬ڼðϽԴԴ˻
е˻Ϊ̫شӱҽתԺΪϢƬ̵ķĺֿʼæµ״̬
СӣñҾƣֹѪҩ
Ѿͷ֣⺢ڷա
һʱ䣬еÿһƶæòɿ
ֱһǴԱһ
Ѿͷõȷ°ɣ˻ҽʦͺˣȻǧ긮ϢϢ
ǺãȻȥ˯һҪʲôСȥǧ긮ҡ
գһҹδ˯ķ뿪˼ãصǧ긮Ѿˣ򵥵ϴ˸ڴ˯˹ȥ
ɱ˯һȾ;ֱˡ
ˣ
ˣǧˡ
ϵţڴϵķĻԺ˫ۣｫİݺͶ˵˸飬ð֮һ´š
ɶ¡
ǧ롣
ʮֵı䣬̬Ҳǿŷǰ԰İݿ
ߡ
еɫΪΣˣȥ̫һƣԼҲͱ˯Ⱦˡ
԰İݾס԰ӡ
ǧ꣬ˡ
ȥɡ
һ۷ĺתȥʱķֻʣ·ĺİݶˡ
ɫţеѬ񣬷ڴִİݵϣĲ֢
ǧ긮ǲûǮˣûԷˣ๫ô
΢΢üͷĿİݣ⣬ȻǸ̫࣬ÿһ鼡ⶼǡôҲҪʰ
һŮĶûʣĸˡ
˲ڣΪûʲôθڡ
Ҫϸʮµģ๫ǲǻԼ
ֱۣô˻ĵġ
һᣬȥŪԵġ
뿪˷䣬԰С׼ʳһŷĵһһʳʲôֽš
ʲô
ӻǧ긮ʼеɫһ˼ʲô˵һ
ǧΡ
θۣԵ㶫ˣˣҲгɶ
ۻˣڼõʱѾǿǿ֧ˣֳɵֲãǾǸɵӡ
ϵĻڶߣ˵вˣƺЩʳĵĳһҪ顣
ˣӺȺļͼС˳¯ˡ
ڼõæµʱ䣬ϻǼõĻƻǷģǼ򵥵ĳ˼ڰǿĹļǰ͹˶Ĳ档
գ֮䣬һ뼦˵ס
̻ʵģİݵĳŵ˼¡
˽δ飬Ϊǵġ
ģ
֣
ǸԼʢһ࣬һߺһߺٺٵЦš
л๫ģòʱ¶ôڼô˰ûлظ
ϴĹƵĽҩŲĹƹƶ
ʴ֮ĸж£Ϊ򶨻¼νˡ
๫ˣֻԼܼѣҪʥҲҪʲôν
ôģú˵
ҹ¶ǣҲ뿪԰ԼԺ˯ջ԰İͬԭİθۡ
Ĵ˫֣ȵĸذİݵθϡ
๫úõô
ķĸںԼʧʲôģһû̫¸Ӱ
Ҫúõ˯һллˡ
ô
ܲôڼæôãڸض
һʵܲס˯ٻİݵĴ̫ˣİԼڳط󳶹˯˹ȥ
ǧꡭְͰѷӳȥ
ְŮ˾Ȼ˯ǧߣд
ȥ
ǰҪĴİ྾ӵѩ֮ʱİһֹĽŲƬ̣Ŀһ۷˫תȥ˷š

48 ˿ɻ

˵ķǸԼ˯Ŵİݵġ
Уһλصһ죬ŷСӷϻεһĻĻ
ܵܣֽ㣬ѾˣԺ·ҪԼˡ
еķС㽫һҩȥҪֹ˫ȴ͸˷С塣
ڴʱһͻȻ֣׵ĶҲѸԷ׷룬ֻһλѾȥ˵ķС㡣
һ棬˽̧˽⣬ҲǷĵһĵط
߶߶˵Щʲôһ˳ֱ˺˷Сϵ·һȺȥ
ûв´ĻȺӦǿȺ
Ļԭµöҩôһأ
ĿǰΪֹеҲֻһ
ԭСĪĶҩ˶ΪסǿȺȻܵĺ˫ĺ˫Ϊҡ
ȥķС㻹δ͸ֱһΪҩ˶ԭǰһ̿ݣΪ
һ仰˵ұĸ˶ͷСֱӵĹϵֶҩѾ֪֡
һĺ˫µһ֮һµı׶һλõĶҩ
ôӦֶҩ
벻ףԽԽͿʱξеĻһα任İɫƮڷĵǰ
ǡꣿ
ɫĻƮĵǣѩڸǡ
һƬ׸ǵУԶһʢŵĻļïʢһˡ
ǰҪ˵ӣɾתһ˲䣬ĵĽŲֹסԭء
ôô
ŵ˫ۣͷϵ亹˲ĴڴڵĺʵĿƽԼġ
ô濴
جΣʮʮجΡ
ô

ĵͷֲŶͷ亹׼˯ɷһɲǣһſ˫Ϥ׸ǰ
˲ӣһ˫գգ͵Ŀ˫ǻ͸һ˿˿Сӡ
š簡๫
һڰЦǽһãԼ˯ʲôط
갡
գİǸ̫࣬ҪȻòǿ˾˫ɾҪˡ
Ǻǣ
İ࣬˲ƨɣԱԼİ֮Чİȫ롣
ɴϾôƨĵطôŲƨɻİݵ߷Χڡ
ҡ
ջΪô
İݰһ˫ۣ۵׵ĸֳ˿˿Σյζ
Ĳ˳İݵߵͷȥ֪ʱϵ´¾ȻɢֵĹֱ©ڿС
Ҫͷһ㣬ϵŵĴȫȫɿһƬޱĳİǰ
˵ģЩ̫Ϸˡ
̫Ϸ
ɶ˼ɶ̫Ϸ
ˢһ̧ͷİݱĵķһַ˷أ۽
Ϸ๫ôϷĴôǾ͵Ĵء
ΪʾԼǷɻİͦ⼷˸Ĺ֣֤ڡӿ硣
ԭĲǼƷ͹£ҲƷҪҪƨƨɡ
ȱʧԺɶɣ˵ĶϷ
ߣ
Ľ·קԭλ׼뿪԰ԼԺ˯
ɾڷһ̲δע⵽ԼµޱӾͱһˣ˺ݺݵˤȥ
ջΪô
İݿѹԼϵķģһ˫еЦŨҡ
ſİϵķ˫Ϸʵӣһᵽİݶ˵ĳ嶯
׻˵úã©ƫҹ꣬ͷ硣
֨һһ˫ƿ˷ţ˵ĳڷС
ѹǧϣлɢż֮ʱϵı鲻֪ʲôݡ
Ǹ˵ˤģô
ת߽Լ֮ԺİݳֳƵԸ⡣
Ȼǲŵġ
԰ĳУ緹۶Ƕų˵ķĵֱë
ôûǧүˣǿһô
Ůˣǧڸϣǵж뷽跨Ĺǧ꣬Լݡ
־ж͸űӲĲ޲ýĸϳɱ֮졣
ݣʲôݣ
ߣ˻ʱְǰĺͳ쵱ô˵ǰ㣬ʹС㻹ҪĹǧ꣬ǷҵŮˡ
žһİĻصڳУһеĲ˵ĲϣֻҪôһȥظ

49 뿴

űǽڣһѵֵĲϣڷĵС
һҵǾǧ긮ķˣֻһڶ˺޹ءɱ練ơ
һĨЦ۽ɢߣ˵Цݣȴûһ˿һů
һ̣ȫȫһɱ򹷻Ҫһ׵ġ
ЦҲˣʣµƬ˰ɡ
ջеĲ˵תæеɫΪΡ
緹׼ĺǷʢĺ˭Ҳûἰ淢С
Թҩ֮󣬷뿪ǧ긮ֱá
æµģɻ˺ܶ࣬Ͽĵĵ֡
ò裬ȵ㡣
ϵ࣬豭ǳһζڿڳ֮Զ
Ʒ֮ѡѰ˼ҸȲֲ衣
Ǻò裬ģ
ϵԸ񣬶ȻỨǮò衣
͵ģҶϷʮȹõĲˡ
Ȼ룬治ԼĲҶ
Ҳǣһ̰̰ȻŵôûǮôĲҶȥ¥ԷǺƤǮ񵥡
լûҩˣץЩҩ
ҪǸץҩˣҲǿûûҪæĵط
ܣ⼸ջֵ˻Ѿ׵ˣôصĻ֣ǸѩٽļգֲĳЩθء
ô𣿡
˭֪أûעȼּϵմ˻ӡ
ʾСȥץҩȵĺ˿ڲ֮󣬶һĪЦݱжô˶񺮡
ϣܲһ㡣ɭɭġ
üͷôţľëġ
ʲôɭɭģǼ鱻˸ƽˡ
Ǽ飿
ǲĿϣĲ̫Ǽʲô˼
ĺҵǸС飬ôôͰˡ
ôһ˵ķ˼֡
ЩææµµͰǼԺˣʱҲûġ
ϸղһ˼ʲô˰°ƽˣ
ôƽģ
㲻֪
ΪʲôҪ֪
֪ĻͲؿˡ
ǧ갡
ϵЦݸŨ˼֣Ѿͷ治֪İݳֲŰƽ¶ҪȻʹĺ׷飬ͼӴ¼ͷ⡣
İݣ
£ǧǲȡǿӲֶν¶ѹˣҪȻĺҵ¶Ӧ÷Ϊ¼ͷڴС;¥ջ˵˿С
ϸĵһ裬Щ˼ı顣
˵ǧʱ˺֮ܳ⡣
ĺĹӵôǰ˾ǧķ˷ģһʮʮ٣Ѿܱ˶ٸ汾ˡʲô汾ԧ汾ĺĹĺҰ汾ĺҲ֪컯֮ǿŮ汾ɰ汾Ĺ¶ˣֻ벻ûĹ»ȵɢ
ԽԽҡ
ӦôСĻȴͻȻȻֹԭ򷽲֪һǾǧʮǿӲֶϢĻնʾڡ
ⲻпѾкüʬ嶼ڵ졣
˵ľİŷһ˼
Ѿͷʲô
ûʲôȥլˣʱϺȾơ
ҡҡͷʱСҲúõҩݳ֣ϴһкҩ뿪˼á
ƹģǧǲǲˣǧˣôõһŮӣִƯϧϧˣ
ŷĽʧеӰС̾š
ʱͷദСӷǴеô֮ŮӶҪãԸҲϲ
ǲ˵۾ϹôȻǧ˺ĵһ棬һ޸һ̫࣬ǿɱ
СӸ֮̾ʱžһһƴСӵԴϡ
СëӶƨɻȥ
Ŷ
ϴһƵС㬵߿ҡϣһĨζЦݸ
һߣ뿪˼õķ˹լй¸ļһ²鿵Ľչ
ģҵĲʲôʱá
˵׼һᾡ㿵ġ
Ҩһവ˺ιߣдһλ
ĲЩ⣬ǵҽģһٶʮľͺˡ
Ҳ֮һ㡣ЦţЦôᣬ˲ܾ̾

50 㲻Ҫƶ

ѽҪԵˡ
ĽһԣŷŹĴǵ֭
ΪΣ
гһ仰ùĻ
£һῴҲ˵֪ȿȿ˵˵Ե
ЦţŹǿģϵĻɫСһһġ
վһ翴˵¸ҪŮ˾ȻҶȤζϷŪǼҹӡ
ţȵӲ鿵֮ʱһὫЩӵ³ɺ޶һ𣬵ʱ㻹ܲЦó
ʲôû
߶ʮֲתͷһָԼʺʮ˴ò֮顣
뿪լѾˣɢɢڽš
һйȻ˵·д˶ﲻӵ飬ƨҷš
İôҲǹ˼ǧô׼ıĨˣǺȡǿӲֶһеϢԴ
ţһԭ
գѩڡ
ѵõĴ죬գҲɵôá
ģ緹͵԰󣬾İݵĴ˯
޲ðѷĴӴϳӵѩϡ
ŮдǶǧ껹üֵԻѷʬΡ
Ҳ֪ǲõģòеӵǺϲģǹլǧ긮ǿĸߺ㡣
ǣû˯ŵʱĶôеĳŮ˸ǲ֪緢ʲô
УһλصһƬɫ硣
ͬһһ룬һž޴Ļʢļ¡
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ǰĴŻɣı֮ţһʶĸоصԺ֮У˵֪ԼС
㣬վǸ󡣡
һĨЦ⣬ұˡ
ı˵ϣĿƮԶǰֵĻڶʮһ֮ʱ֡
ʮһ͵ͽӶÿһ춼ĽУʱ֣һһ죬
һУʶǸˣĸŴѪȰȫȫˡ
ģߵøˣϴԶǷ֮أһ͵СسǾԼ˹°뱲ӡ
ãʵȴʮֹǸУջˣİ֮С
ʵ֪˵ʵݣҲ֪Ŀġ
УǳЦ
£Ļ³һƺ廳ȥԼһȥİ顣
ΪѩڵĹϵİ˻ʹУû˴ŵķһ˯˺þãʱѾˡ
ҹе̻֮װǧ긮ַĴֽ
ѩһ죬ԸĽգҲҪѩڣ˸ˡ
һûʵѩӵĽڴϣİݼѩ㻨һʲСķҵף
ʦԺƣܾܲӾݻİʲôʱ
һ۵ףڶķģһŻ׺ӵֱ飬ҪʺãҪܾѪˡ
Ůʩ㲻Ҫƶƶ졣
ҪǰŮʩǮ࣬˰ȥˡ
ŮʩҪû¶ĻƶҪһء
֮⣬û¶Ͻ⡣
УȻˣʦɶʱܷơ
ɤӣһףʲôʱܷơ
׻˵úãӲҪõģ
ǣֻҪäĿţССһºĻǿԵġ
Ůʩںֽд֣ϵһ㡣
ã
ףǰĺֽдԼ֣ȻСԼͬɺƵãȴͬͬճڸԵϵġ
˻
ϵָŷĵ񣬿ɲƬ̣һ˫׵üë߸ߵ
ʦʲôô
ˣ֣
ףҡҡͷһηĵ񣬿ȥǳõĽ
ʾŮʩѵһɱ֮ŮʩѾ⣬⣡
ɱ֮
ĶѧЩ⡣
νɱޱ֮һɱƾ̰֮ʱ
һƯ䡣
ʦɱ񣬻ƾ̰񣿡һףԼɱ񾿾һ֣ʱף̧ͷ˵һ仰

51 Ծɱ

Ծߡ
Ծߣɱƾ̰ǡ
ɱ˽֮
ƾ˿µİ֮
̰˴թ֮ˡ
ۼһ˵ϣǴ˽ضΪ֮֮ˣ޽⡣
ףԼ̣ĶżЦֹסķ
ԭ㾹Ȼôţơ
ʮһͺ绽ĹӶĹŴҲΪ˽ġ
ԭԼ˰
֮֮ˡ
ȿȣ
ЦЦôĻͰˡ
ֲɵӣԼΪ֮ϵǸ֮ô
Ȳ˵ģֻҪڳźһʵ϶㹷ӣİݱҲ̫ˡ
˵⻰ſľˡ
һԪ뿪á
һЦķģףɫص˼㣬˵һ
ףĿⶢǰĺֽֽдŷĵ̧֣֮ʱֻǰӰʧ֮С
ȥֽ͵޼ɽһҪ죡
ףĻ£һӰ˲ʧ֮һʧĻдŷֵĺֽ
˭Ҳ֪ףľ֮ʲô˼ף־ԴͷȴѾʧãã˺֮С
ɫ⣬
ǰԸﲻƻͨĽֵ硣
ķãȺԸ£дԼԸĲ׵ϡ
޴ϵľѾԸߵԸúõһŹʱ˿̺ʥûɶ
ѩѽ˼ҪڵĻʵҵԸѣҾһԸ˶ѡ
ĺϵ˫ֺʮֹ˵ԼԸϣѩܹʵΨһһԸ
һԸʲô
ҵһԸѩܰʵֺܶܶԸ
˵ԼԸķ˫ۣѭһȥֻҡҷ֮£һϮľӳǰЦԼ
ǹ˶ǵĵţӳӰӣҶ͸˼Цݡ
ſ͸Ȼа˲İݻ˭
๫ô
̫ôӦڻʹŶô
Ϊ·һ̫įͱ¸˼ˣ;б˷ˡ
İݵĻǳɷԼһڼң˶ͷ˾ķȻȻĻصŹ¶ӹա
һʵ˸ж
ķֽкãȻڰİһ˹񽱵Сˡ
ƪҪЩţһٰ˴ˡ
һʹķȫ෴ĺôһ˹µį
Ķл๫๫ǳ谮ء
ƤЦⲻЦķɨˣΪͻȻֵİݣѩڿҹļƻǳ׵׵ˡ
Ȼ񻶲ɣԷ򰡣
ҪӣҲҪҲá
С̯λŵĸָķָָÿļʽʾϰոյӶװá
˭֪ڷļǮʱһֻ޳Ĵһػ˼ֻӡ
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ĲĿİݣʲô
ʲдβֵǮӷ㣬ӿʽ̫ϣҪ
ǺĿϵȫİ˻ȥ
ΪҪЩдƷ
ÿ
Ѳɻô
˿֪ΪǮףΪҪÿµǮˡ
գգ۾Ĵİݶͷ¶ȡ
̫Ҳûô˵ء
Ϊһļ鳼̰٣ӷͳʯͷܿӱ˸ǧ˰ƽ˵Ǯס
ǷĽЦЦˡ
Ҳûѵˣ˵ӣ
ҪȻô˵ݵĺ
ıΪӶѣͲˡ
ǣԶԶ󲻵جλں棬ԼҪʲôĶᱻİ̫Ըָ˻
ӽ뼯пʼһֱ뿪Уֿտգʲôûɲ˵һ
ʵ϶ҲǵģԱ˳ŵķİݹңʲôû
˻ʲôô
Ҫˣ๫Ļô
һĨӲЦݹڴǣ˫д֮ɫ
ķģڶɾˬˡ
Ů˳Աֲܷй״̬ǽһ񫡣
ǧзηġ
ĸİݵʬһ㳯ǧ긮ȥڴʱʮͻȻ
ɫ֮£ǷɭɭâĳѾ˵һСŮǱȥ

52 ɺ

ʮˣĸоõʮ˶书֡
书־ô
Ůİݿԣǲ
ɱ
Ϊ׵ӻ£ʮһӵϣгܾĳİݺͷĿ
˵ʱʱ죬ֻһɫӰ˲ȥ翳вһǺ˽֡
Ȼռƣ԰ܱˡ
ǵȥİӰǷģŷһ㴩ں֮䣬ŵذ׺ݾĸ˺˲ϵ֮һһκĻᡣ
ʱ˿̣һ飬ǰЩڳ֮зһĻɱĻʮַӶѡ
Ҳ޷˵ĵز̧֮ȡ
ǧꡭǲǷˡ
ȥŷˣ÷ˡ
İݵĻﵫֲ˵ʲôԷ״̬ӦЩ֪ĺ˵ǡ
Ҳ׷Ϊ˷ҰһЩ˺ݶ
ΪǧָֹĶĲŻὫŭǨ͵Ⱥùĺϡ
Ȼһɱһд֮ʣжϵһ
㲻ӣ㲻ˣ㲻Сľ㲻ù¥
ŷĻİȴʼձЦ⣬ӾǳĿԼԵСϱһ
¸ڡ
ˣİ·Ľʮȫûòֱˡ
ǷĵĶ֣˳ץס롣
ӣҲ˭
һԾĳźʧķ׷ȥİһҲ˳ŷʧķ׷ȥ
⡣
ˣѭټ׷˾档
ҹúܣɫҲֱ治Ѫķ򣬷ֻܴŵжϳ˵λá
ڣҵ˵ʱǺֻʣһȵʬ壬Ѿһغˡ
˵ʬ忿ϣɵıƤմȾѪʬֲһӶƲǱ˴ɱλƲ⣬˺졣
ʱİݺҲУһ۶ڵϵʬ壬̧ͷ˿ġ
ʲôֲɱģҵʱѾˡ
ܾˡ
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˽һϮ£еĿŮ鶯ԶԶȥɫ֮У˷ŷһ㣬ƻã˲ƿߡ
๫Ҿ澪ˡ
ͻĹ÷ĵëġ
νڣǼ鼴
İǸ̫࣬ǲˣĻҲûʲôöģĿҪɶ
ء
أ
İݺͷ˵֮ʱһ΢ǺصУһһǺ˷
꣬ǣ
ΧԽİǺˡ
һĴγ嵶ͻľٶŵһ
㣬Ҫʲô
Ľ䱸ǵ÷һǰۣŵһСĵĳǺĵطȥ
ǽļ˲Զ¹֮£İݶˣָǰɽһĻ
๫벻Ҫ⣬Ŀغóԡ
ģİݺ˶ڲݴУһǺǴɽзģɽǰһͷܵء
һͷǺܷ׷׵ڵϣӦΪ˱̺ͺͬھˡ
ҰҲ벻һͷ֮ܳÿ͡
ڣͷܵóѵģȫҪΪÿ͡
֮⣬Ŀֻһ
ԣ
þûгԵҰζˣֹճ
ǧ긮ĶˣŻỻζҲǲѡ

Ұζ͵ðҡ
ȷʳá
ʻ֪ǧΪλŷܣǧ궼ˣȻܿյκΣա
ŮˣȻǧܡ
ǧܵκ˺һѷʬΡ
ʳ̵ֵҲ㣬ûĻҪ࿴ٴɻ˯ĻĿԺű˵ǧ긮ˣ๫ˡ
һֶûĻڷӰһգۼѾںľʯԵȴʵʱһ
๫׼
Ĵƣʾİ׼ݡ
һµһ̣ӰţƬ̵ʱ䣬ܺصһݺݵڵϳ׵׵Ķ
վһԵĺԵһΡΪַŮǧӣεǧ꾹Ȼŷĺ

53 Ϊͬס

ɫ£һܵȼţϵľӴ⣬Ϸ֨֨ðⱾɢգжôˡ
ķתľʿϵ⣬⿾֮ذ׽
ζ๫һ
ζһⱻֳݣİһݣԼһݡ
ʲͬһ⣬һرζֻҪˣζȻö˵
๫Ⱥɱô
Ա˵ķ˴ɱǵĺˣ׼ȷ˵Ǵɱİݵĺˡ
ѩڣյ˵İӦڻʹвμѩڵļȻȺ˰ɱģȻ֪İݲڻʹС
Ѳǹô
ô֪Ⱥ˵ĿĲء
¹֮£İݵЦһ÷ļܲܲҪôЦϵúܯ}˵ĺô
Ȼˣ˼ôúƽϲ˽Թ˵Ŀһҵġ
ĵĻصɽУİݰŵֻЦţһԸ⻰ˡ
ͷŮ˻ỹúƽϲ˽Ԫ
Ժֵʱȥˣô
ֲ¶󣬻׷źܣҲаúƽ
Ů˵Լϲͱ˽𣬸ǷƨĵĵһֻѾˣǷұұŮ˸ˣүڼϿⶼܲĵжԣڰ׼ŻЩ
ʤ
Ҳ˵Щޣ
ķ²ŷģеĸɫĲòҲ֪ĵôԼء
๫İüĿˣ
İԼɷнչˣϾǧѾʧһʱˡ
˿ɻǵӦΪ顣
İûֱӻشĵ⣬ŷĵǽ׵Ǹ
ǵãֻҪ๫ҵǧԣĶȻ˵ġ
յ֪ǧԱѺͻؾ·ʧ֮ʱİݽһ
ֻҪİҵǧԣҽǧúõͳӦİһҪκһҪ󶼿ԣɱ˵Ļʵۡ
շѺͷǧԻؾ·ϡ
أ
ء
أ
İҪǧԵϢ߷֮ʱһǽһ
Ƕ̫ãŵʳζļֻСһӺڰĶѨ˳
һģ壬ߡ
һֻСŶڵϣһ˫˫ż̹ӶŻϵ⣬ɤ淢ͳĹ
Ϊʵ̫Сþ̵ȥҲ⣬֮Ϊǡ
๫
һ˫ɴ˵Ŀİݣд˿
÷ĿڣİݶܲµŮҪ˵ʲô
ǧ긮ûжĵطֻǡ
ֶ͵úܣҰǣѱ
๫ı֤ÿһٶóԣ֤浽๫θ۵Ļľ͸θòôòô๫˼Ҫô
ŤӣһıôĽЩĵ³
ĴЩ
š
һʼûȺӣҲֻãԱ֮ҪȻڻľϵľͲǺܶˡ
ֻСһֵһ̣ڿȺСëһ֮ʱȵĶûʲôֿķķǵ
Ҳã˶ҪӦΪһ
ʲô๫˵һӦ
һϣæͷİݷԡ
ʱİվһһģÿһߵĶôţôаȣķСĸεĲҪҪġ
ڷ࣬İݽӵڻУڶ˵
տʼҪ԰Ϊͬס
¶û⣡
ȫOK¶ô
һ̫ͬͬסٲһͷĺˬĴӦ
ĴӦʮˬʣȫûпİ˫֮ŵЦ⣬ζ˲Ц⡣
˴ɱСĻĺİݶҲظ
ڶ֮ʱеĸоеЩ˷׷ɢȥ
ʵǱ˴ɱһ̿ʼı֪ںڰеԶԶֹǧ긮
Ӿ֣һаưͣȻϷҪϷȫס
ˣôˣ
ûʲôǻؼҰɡһĨЦ⸡У˴ǣİݵĴֻ֣ߵܵҰӽʧ˺ҹ֮С

54 ̯

գǧ긮
Ϣͷ￴롣
ĿһŶŵֻӣԼбҪһ֡
еɽӱֻɳ֮ģЩСһͨԡ
Ϊ¾ǣһι˳ԵģСѰӻԣǽĵԼס
ֻӣÿһֻӳöôɰ
аɫģдɫģҲдɫģէһΪСʱĹʿ档
Էඡ
أ
أ
һŵʳζֻ໵һӳƬ̼䣬һ̵ⱻԵøɸɾ
СһצӣģֱͳԱķһС
ĺֻ鷿Ϸţ鷿УİݿеܺĿⲻƳѩķģ֪䣬ǾȻĸֳһ˿޵Ц⡣
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İݲܺϵķŰֽϵϢ۽ذţк鲼
ǧ꣬γһʱ޷صñְȥ顣
Ҫ
޳ָûİݵĿһοԺֵķģ૷Ļ
ϹҵƺϲΪ򡣡
ҹɱ֮Ϲɱ֡
Ϲ򲻻뵽Լɳɱ־ȻᱻĻܵȫ޻֮
ǧ꣬ڵҹ֮µʱ򻹲һ飬¶ĪĹϵ
˵
Ỻʾ˵ڷĵ飬İڷϵĿȴϢŨ˼֡
ǧĻְѯҹɱ֮ʱ鵽շ˳֮ʱһַ˶ҩ
һֶѾʧھܾõʱˡ
ɾ뵽ĺ˫Ȼڷĵʳһֶҩ
һʲôȻ˽⣬˵ԼʵĻǲǴŷĸûб衣
߻һףԼ֮£ӦǸ˲ŶԣϾо綾ûнҩ£һ˸ܻȥ
ȥз˽
ǣǧꡣ
˳鷿鷿⿴ѩֻӴķģûһ˿һǧ˵ӣǺͲгķ졣
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֪ˣǽˣ
˵ţĽ˩ֻӵӷУؾϵѩ鷿
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İôһ˵̸ǧ֮ʱһ롣İݽѾܺ˷ĵǰһܺŵĹڷǧԵϢŰֽдŷѰҷǧ֮ʱһ˫жô

ķңϲľȻ÷ǧвҡ
ǹվĲ˳ʺԨõƤһưոݡ
ĪҪżܺΪյõϢ
İݽһܺƵǰȻڶڷǧԵ֮ܺʱһŵ
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๫Ϣɿô
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񿴵İݵͷŵĴʯͷʧˡ
ˣȻΪ鵽˷ǧԵϢΪرǲҲҪΪ򡣡
İرǿ˻ر
գգ۾Ŀİݣɶûİݵģ
Χ٣Ȥãɶ
˵ˣһ̫ΧȤҲȤ
Ĳ̫๫ʲô˼ܸܲʾ
Ϊ֪ڷ˳֮ǰڷ˵ʳһַɱΪ֪ڼ䵽׷ʲô
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ҲİͬһϵˣҪȷҿɿ
ľӵģʵ๫Ӧ֪ĺйԼֻԼ̫ͻȻ
ĽзС㾭һһ˵İĸŮ˱ŰԼȻ󽲵ĸϹ󽲵˳޵յ顣
ٽİݸղ˵ʳ¶Ҳ˳֮ǰһĻĻ
Ծ๫֪Щ¶һַ֮ɱ촹Ұɣֶֶ֮
ջ֮ϸǸûŵϰ˵İӦ֪Լ治ֻĹô򵥡
շ˶ûŪףֻż֧Ƭζѡ˶ĺӡ֮⣬õĶҩԼҩûκεӡ

55 ǲﰡ

鷿Уİݺͷŵճ޵顣
ǰһȻ̸ķģİǰɢĳȥͣ˰ϣűԼŵľٶ
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˵ҪⶾΨнҩĽҩȫó̵ʱһһҩ·ɣ򲻽ƻֶҩ໥ƺЧ˲ƨ
ϧģұκ˶Ҫϧһ߼ľǧ긮һŽҩ
ЩҩĹؼĺԼҡ
Ȼˣͱֲ¶󣬰ѱͻǲľĸӻҲˡ
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ƺʲôһĿİݡ
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ͷĸԽĲүӻʵʲôģƫƫ˸ò绨ĺļ鳼
Ǳٵķˣǧ긮ŮˣֻҪ˲ֵ̫飬ΪȻǻỤŷȫġ
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ʲôүӣһʲôĺǺǣͳͳȥɡ
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İһ򦣬˳бĽǶɢϣ˫֮ӳŷĵӰĹâķСĸǵš
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ĻΪİҪ˵ʲôص飬֥飬ëë갡
๫ͲصˣһεˣʲôʲôǶ񿴵ĺܵ˵ﶼԵġ
ڱеĶȴǲѶΪ֮ơ
еƣȴΪ˽Ķ
˵ʲôʲôаûԵķֽߡ
ںİݵ̫鳼ݣ֮ԻڣİҲĪĹϵ
߻Ҳõһ飬˫Ӯ
ƶֻϲȥֱˡ
ڶʮһ͵ʱͽӶֻҪܻȥǮƶʲô
ǵ˵۲뻹ǿЦڵʲôۿԡ
ͨһεĶԻİݺͷĶƺиһЩ
ǧ꣬¶ˡ
ʱһӰͻȻ֣ϥڵϣеܺ
İݽܺ𿪣Űֵֽݣһ˫ŨĽü΢΢ü伸֮⡣
ˣΪ빬
ȥô
𰸣ȻС
ıİ˻ʹ
˵ʵڵģĲϲʹ˵ĸоʮֵ˵ĳЩ˵ı˵һ
һ£洩Űɫô멵ķİĸİݵİߵ͸˿罺Ĳˡ
֪ɺϻǹģ˽һϮ£±˲֪Ƿһ
ǧ꣬¶ôźã½¶ȫȨǧ긺𣬻ޡ
ŸǺ¿ϵ亹ȴһһӿţһɫ̫ǳһ˵ʡ

̫࣬İҲ̫̫࣬ͬôôˣһ֮һϰƣϵ°
ĵߴʬϣʬ屻һײڸӣһڵ¶棬״ֲ
Ҳ·ϴİݿе֪ˣǽһŷֵģǻʵ϶Ĺ֮һ
Ҫ˵ⰲƵó裬˭Ҳ֪ڶվȻڻʹˮҵѾȥİʬ塣
յ˵Ӧý䴦ǣ㵱λӹ޵ҲӦ򣬷֮֮İӽİ
ʵָİݶ˴а
İݷĺԼΪʬİ֮⣬Ҳվʬߣɫɫ˫ƵĿŷġʲô

56 ֮

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57 Ůˣ˼

͹УظڷĵĶ˵Żʵۺͻʺ顣
³ԵҩɣҲΪټʺ֮ء
֪ʺѾȥܶˣȴ˵ʺδ
ֱǰةƼǧ꣬ǧñºѹʵĻʺһ
Դˣ±㿪ʼɣϣɽͻʺǰԵ
ʵվĻʵۣýɽڲˣǱơ
㵽˴ûм˵ȥҲŵЩָʲô
޷˵ʵ۳ѴС˽İݣȻİݱΪǧɻʵ۴ǵúܶҳ
Գֻ͢ʮأһİΪ׵ɱһǴ鳼ӵٵɱ
ʵ֮ԳٳٲʺҲΪ飬԰ֻǰԶܳΪʺ
ȻԻʵ۵ŻӹܵӡûүԬϽǵĻöİݸûˡ
ʵ϶Է޵İ黹ֵ͵ģϾݹʷרһĻʵָ
͹һ׼뿪֮ʱȴӭ˶סȥ·
֮£һɫƳ˻͸űϢǵƵü䣬˫׵ĺ̶ӣһ˲ĸо
ɵãĽ˽ϵĺôһݸ
ү
ūżү
һݽ͹ݳֵĿӦҲǵ鰲֮һ¡
˭뵽ȴǰһߴӰĽСӰ֮£ĵӸǿǰŮӡ
Ҳ鰲ġ
ݵǿ϶ľʽκοڷĻᡣ
үĻǡ
ţȻãΪ·
ɶ
ƺûݸղǾ仰ʲô˼
һһֲЩֺһЩ˷˼ˡ
ҪΣι͹ô
㣬ȥ
ǣūŸˡ
ۼƲѾӾܣֻ·һΣյݡ
ǰ·µģҪҲûԡ
Ǻ뿪͹ķֱǿΪݽ˵ŷ˵Щ
Ϊʲô
Էүݣǻʹô˵ĵ̣㶺ˡ
С԰ʲô
ݳƺΪС㣬ǧˣҲǷġ
˿УֻһƺϵϸС仯Ϊֲı䶯ǣܶ벻顣
ĲһۣݵĽ䱸ֶһ֡
ɼǵշС֮ǰбݡ
үĻ޶ۣʱҲõ
΢΢̬Ⱥǫ
ɱ˵Ļᱻĵݼƭվڷǰүݡ
ӷļǧ긮ʼһһݵ߷ΧС
һ΢죬޳ĴĵűߣǱڱ֮޷l
ͻľٶ۵׽䱸֮Ũذ׻ģԱʱֻ衣
Ů˼ΪЧ뿪ǧ긮
ݱͳӰصڶߣϵɢ
ıľţǰǽ˱ѹֵݡ
һ˫˫˪˫ۣأһ˿Ц⸡۵ףɢ˴ǡ
ү񰮣ڷѾǾǧˡ
һ仰˵˷ĵĻشҲͬھİݵˣǴɱ֮İè
ȻĵĻش͹бͺ¶һν͵µı㡣
汾ھͿɱ㡣
ģүլʺһһ޹Ů˶ֵġ
õЦݸڷĵϣʱһֻ޳Ĵץס󣬷ܸоԼҪһ㣬һ˵ĻС
⻳Ϥζ
˲ԣΪѰþá
˱İӵڻУİݵָǰŷĵͷԼࡣ
ͨͨͨ
ĸܵİǿ࣬ƺѰ֮ʱĸһЩ
ùˣ
İǲǱ飬һƺҪ
챻ˣ
๫ٲɿġľҪˡ
õɵķĴڴڵĺʵĿ̫Ҫıɱô
ʱĵ߲Ƴ͹ǵӰĵһĨ֮⡣ֲİô죬ԭ͵͵ȥˡ

58 ү

͹
ΪʲôͻȻ˵Ⱦٶıʾ⡣
Ƕ֮ˣκξ֮ǰǿǵĴڡ
վİߣĵĿһݣһ˫ü΢š
ݺİݶ֮ǿ͹бѹ֡
๫ĶǻؼҰɡ
ãߡ
İݺȻĽĵУ⶯ϤůǴָۡ
˿˵ĸѾһľ磬Ȼڶ˵ĵףƺһǳǳš
Ůˣס˵Ļ㿼ǺˣĴʱΪ򿪡
Žʧеķģһ仰ص֮䡣
ûлͷֻĬĬһϡ
Ҫİ֮ĸô
Ǹİ֮û飬еֻǽ׶ѣү𲻵һ˿һá
뿪˻ʹһǰţǧ긮ķȥ
УĿŲëƤϵİݣ촽ҧҧƺʲô˵һڷĿ֮ǰİݵʱһŷİ֡
˿ɲ鵽ʲô
İݲţһ֧ͷһ飬ǧīֱ£ôôĿʮǵĿ
İݵĻķͷҪ˵Ļ˵Źڰ顣
ûʲôɵܶࡣ
˺ܶʹ淢飬Щ鿴ƺͰûκϵʵ϶ǱĬƶ֮
Һǰ͹ʱ͹һŮ̫඼ûУյ˵ӸΪ̴ǲô챻ŵĹӵġ
ǷĽֵһɵ㡣
ǰȨСڻʺȻûлʺķţﰵѾǺ֮ˡ
յ˵ͻȻ䱩͹Ů̫ҪԼʬģ֮͹ĹŮ̫ȴڰʬδ֮ʱ׷ױת͵˱ĹӣЩ˵ȥ
ңְЧǲЩ̫ˣѾ֪˰ȷ˵ȷʲôʱ
ȷʵһɵ㡣
İݵͷе鼮ڲ輸ϣڷĵϣķĵë顣
Ǹ๫ôҳɲ
ÿİ͸оԼʲôһ
ѲΪݵ飿
๫үҲ֪ôһ¶Һ׼뿪͹ʱǼһ
ֱݵ˵ŷ͹зһУϸϸһУݺ˵ЩҲİ˵˸
ˡ
๫Ͳʱô
һ֮İݵĻشֻ仧Щ˲ԡ
յ˵һ˵ӱһ˱ˣһǽţǸ˶ġ
һ򲽣İ֮ǽ׵ĹϵҪ˼һ²˵ùȥ֮İݵ̬ȺǵȻ
ݵ͵ҸǼ飬๫Ĳ֪ԭô
Ǿ仰Ǹ˶ܲԼ飬ǱŮֻܺߡ
ɿİݵ̬Ҳ֪κԭ򣬲֪ΪΣĵĵ׾Ȼһ˿˿ʧ֮С
תһ룬ʧƨ
İǿƵֶҸǼĴҲΪ˹˼Լڳ͢ϵ档
ΪӣΪȻŷ׵ġ
һ仰˷ĵ˼
̧ͷķ˫˻ǵĵۣĿİݣĵ׷ܵʧ˲ɢȻֳĪСж
žһİݵļϣһʮֺˬʵ̬֤Լľġ
๫ģҪ㲻ŷݺңһѾһ࣬ԲṼ鳼
ͷˣΪٴлˡ
³һİмΣĲûֿİ۵һĨ֮ŵЦ⣬ĵ׵Ц⣬İݱҲ
ϵķΧĺгݵڷĺİ֮ûκεЧƲ֮иһ
ҲоԼá
֪ΪΣԴ֪ĿǱݺۻ֮󣬽ʱǧ긮ı֣ƺûǰôˡ
صǧ긮ãһӵζȣЩʱԳԵĲȣЩʱûеļƷ๫ǲ飬ȸΪ

59 

һӷʢζȣһصľ̳ӣƵķĽرİݵֱۣСèһĲȥ
๫˵Ҫ̫жãһ²ã
ȸ˵ķĽĵ׵Ļޱ˵˳̧ͷһ˫İݣӾǼ˶Ұǿһķ
๫˵ôôùأãΪʲôǷС㣬ҪСżСǲǾûô¶ˡ
ԹԼĴԽݣһù˼ݡ
Խɱˣһڻң
˺ȶˡ
ûУǧͷɲ˵˵ѣȾƣ
˵ţָԼһƣĶţˮһ빾˹˵Ĺȥ
Ƶ̬ǽһţһԵֱü
⻹ŮôӳǵһμȾƺȵ˷ݵŮˡ
˼ҵķ˺ȾʹþƱһǳֹȾƵ̬ҲĿ
ǧ긮ķֱ룬̳ӹơ
๫Ҹ㳪ѽ
ȸ˵ķﻹܵ߶ʮһˣôɣ
£欵İݣһ߳ŸһŤ壬˿ԡѪš
дʱ⡣
鰡д
˰дѷ򡣡
дѷ⡣
ȿȡְˣ
ûع˫ۣǱĵ˺͸𺳵ľţЩԼĿˮǺȷӦ֮˲ʧӰ
ʱķֻʣһ֪ʲôݵİݣԼԾŵķġ
ˣ֪Ϊĺжô
๫ܳҲɡ
ѹûʶԼ˵仰жôΣա
һ˱İѹڱǽϣűԼڱеŮӣϵһĨջģ̲סҪݺݵҪȥ
İݱ˵ķ̧ͷķ֮ɫӳİݵӰӣʱĻ֣İݵĿ塣
๫ʲô
ࣵһƵķǧİݵĴǣ͵ɹĳŮɵЦš
๫
ˣѾ˽ɡ
İݵ͸ɳƵĳƺڼʲô
벻Ϸ
ðð
գ۾æͷİһֹסĵ򦣬ɷ˵ȥۿ׵ػһ
ɾٶ˵Ļ漴չһ̣һƵķһ̱ڵ˯˹ȥֻİһ˶ŲžĿ
ãһĨŵĿЦİݵУʲô
ƻԵķϣŮͬĶҩ˲סҪ˽ࡣ
ģ㾿ʲôˡ
ϸװң
Ѿ˯ȥķϡͿʳ⣬ܵĻشţⲻ֪һ仰֮İϵ֮ɫжôˡ
գǧ긮鷿
۷ڵĶ鷿УԴ۵ļҪըһ
ҲûкȶپƣΪʲôԴ۵ô
ۣ
Ϸ벻ǺȶٲŰԼͶƬˡ
ǧ꣬á
š
뿪ǰһһŶڽеķģһı鲻֪ʲôݣ֮൱ʡ
ϷӡˢۣԭϻһŮ˽зġ
ŵķĲûҲûпеɫʱ˿̵ŬĻԼϾʲô
Ϊһ糿̫һĿԼͺ̫ôһ
ܰ
μҲǿһ̫ࡣ
벻Ϸʲôͷ۵ľ˽һ
ǧò㻹ò绨
һ͸Ũҵĳ֮һֳ۰鷿İӦ
ò
˵ĳ佫ЩһŪļƣʲô˵ʲôǧ֡
һ仰˱֮£һſĺܡ
ǰǹõ飬¼ȻȫȨǧ꣬ʾǧҵô
۵صǧ긮鷿Уñ۵ķĸǷ겻ѡ
Ȼ֪ȫȨ˾ǧ꣬ҲӦ֪޻ա
ĵӽĵ𣬰˺ðҵ깵ķġ
ǺˣȻôԱ˵ô
۵Ȼ֪˭ؾʱҲ˹ڷĵһЩ顣Ȼ˵ֻǧ˿ӡ

60 ·

ذĻ·ɣ˴Ƿ·һЩǷﷸСˡ
õĻͰһ
Դ۵ҪйϷ
˵Ƥͷ۵֢״ɺЩˡ
л๫ĹģĻû
İ۵ͳ֮⣬ƤЦⲻЦĻӦš
ȥ׼ЩѾΪһࡣ
İŷڻУ޳ָذѹŷĵ̫ѨỺ͡
ԭҪİݵļٺģֵİݵİʹ֢״ȻЩĲ
õұһЩԶԣ
İݺͷķ޶˻ţȫһߡ
˫ۣžһӡ
Ҫ֪޶Ҫй֮±ڱǰۡ
֮£๫ɶй֮£ѵָŮ֮ΪƵǵ¶
գգ۾޹ı飬Ǵǵ·Ҫһ
ϸϸƷζ˵Ǿ仰ҲֻŮ˲ܰŮ֮乶ɬľٶ˵Ϊôˡ
ҵ찡û뵽󽫾Ȼ͵з֮µĶȤζף
һıӣһһĶġ
һðɫ࣬Ů˾ȻǿĨл˵˵Ի
ģŲűھɱ㡣
ϣԭ֪ҽзİ

ߣ
ǻ󽫾Σؼɡ
ˣòǧ긮ĪҪ˿ˡ
İݿƴԲʵﻰ־䶼ڰŷģð۸߲ѡ
ŮһŪǡ
ʲôİݺͷ˾ô²
ν߲ƣ߲
ǧ긮ĿĿΪ˰ĿΪΣĶȥ£һͿˡ
ãԩͷܷŹ
ǣ๫
ĹɵӦţ˵һߣȴǿҪԼʬ˵İۡ
Ϊôűˣ
֪ʣȻȻ
֪ˣһΪ֮飬֪ձǰ͹зЩߣ֤˰ɡ
ܰѻתӲܼ˵ȥˣֻзһˡ
ȻҲӲıĸ˽ȥ
ʲô򣿡
Ȼ˵ȻΪģǰ͹ʱֹеŮ̫ȫȥ˱Ĺӣʰɲɵ㣿
ϸֳһĨĪЦ⣬ָָΪĹ֮ףΪԶ󽫾ǿܲЩۺأ֮䳷͹ĹŮѾߣ½ɵô˵ʲô˲ͨȨ

˵ˣûзĵˡ
ǷĲ˵ֻҪ۲ǸɵӾܲõͻʹееĹϵ
˵Ͱö˸ãҵҲǼӴģ񰲹ˣֶȻͻʹܲɷֵĹϵ
һ˿ЦŨǵ÷һŮҲڹΪء
СƬ̺ͷ˺ص԰֮ʱѾˡ
ˣ˼ſڵ㡣
ŷ˼Ϻôǧ긮ǰվڴѩһ
ĳ֮ʱ۵һĨ֮Ȼ۵׵ɫɵüͷ
Сɰôˣ
ˡ
һˣæܻǧ긮һγ֮ʱϱ˫米
ߣ
ٵʻţȵլ֮ʱѾǴʱˡ
һլ㿴ǰΪİϡ
Ѿͷˡ
Ͽ֮ʱĵŵһʯͷ
ôˣô˵ء
ķ˫米ϴɾ˫˴ߣڴϻԲѵĹɫ԰ף·ʱɢһ
Ѿͷ㻹ȸ˹һ£˿ϷѾˡ
մȾѪ۵һԵϣзͿԴˡ
ûڶʣһ¹ϵ˿ڣʼд˷ϵС
ðŽĸ˿ڷ°˱
ģΡ
һʱ䣬ô˵ģ
书Էһĸִ࣬ΪιĻ˵ôءҺϽѪֹסٵǴҲˡ

61 ܿô

Ϸ˵ɡ
ڻϿһ۳ĬʾȥϢһ£ͷĽ͡
糿Ϸ˹ӸʱʮͻȻڹլȻɷ˵˹
˵ŵʱΣջ棬ʱֽʮ˶նɱ
ΪʱĻ˭뵽ֳһɱְΧլ
ЩĺҪһڣ뵽ľȻִ˻ɱҲΪ˿
ϵ˾Ⱥɱµġ
˿̫Ѿܹˣȥǧ긮ҷĹ
ɱ֣
ôСɰֹô˶Сɰɱģ
ʲôɥĲ˵ĵز
ǹ˼ҵˡ
Ͽһε̾һ
ɱǹ˼ڼˣҪڣԭΪҲǺ˽⡣
ֻ֪˼ڲѣγɱһɱ쵼߲ù˼Ҽ̳˹Ļȥ˶ѡ
ԹڼȨǳö
⣬һĲ֢͹˼벻˸ϵ
ʱڴϵĹ˹ɼ˫ۻһƬڰ
Ҳ˵ԼǱһľУľš
ɾһ̣һӺڰѿĹâ䵽˹ĵģĴů鲼ȫϤůùĴӺĺڰл˹
£ߡ
ļ˹д˼ģ˼롣
ġ
򵥵֣ȴǰŹӵС
Ľŷĵ֣ڰΨһĹâʧȥϣ֮⡣
絽ϣһֱڴߡ
ҹǻزȥǧ긮ˣдһŸİݣڹլҹ
Ȼ֮⻹ϣҹչ˹ġ
ҹɫ
ҡҷţзĺһûһš
Ѿͷ˵½ǧˣ޶쵽˿ɶüĿô
һŹһŷģΪҴñӲڴ߻ظϵ⡣
ǸӣֲֻһˣվҪһֵġ
ĵЦں֮Ե쳣ɭϲɵü
ڷָʲôûжʡ
ûʬҲ֪ǣ㣬ֻһô򵥣֪΢Żóþá
ˣѾͷϷһֻǱϷûԹء
Ϣͨİ
ǵǧ긮֮⣬޴֪
һ仰ǿ϶ĵǺ棬Ͼʲôʲô
ôʱӴȻϲֻһҽƹô򵥡
ٺǣϷֻһͷӣô켣Ҫû㱾£Ϸ򲻱Ц
ϿڴԼʵݣһ佫˵ЩԲ˻
һҲûжʡ
һҹôĵĹȥˡ
ڹûзգҲ÷ĵǵһ
ģ׼һЩʳҨһˮ͵ĵߣɷ׵ɫ۵úܡ
ģлл㡣
޳ָڷĵдлл֡
˵ʲôлл̫ˡ
һֶ룬һڹдһ仰ĶùĴʱ˿̵顣
ģֻҪһġ
ģһֱô
ŷģƺڴʲôһ˫΢΢ȭͷȴŷĵĻش
ᰡֱĲ֮ǰҶߵġ
õ𰸵ĹЦЦļµᣬⶬյĽĵġ
ʱһӴڷĵϣĵǰĸֳһģӰӣȻȴܿһ£µŮڴߡ
ģеһһϮӡ
ǻþľ߷ģУıˡ
һ£Ǿɫö˰ģһκ˶ⲻ˵ĸозһ˿ԡ
Źдϵ֣Ƭ̡
²ڴʲôɫ·ͷϴŵĻʲôΣ¶ҽŽϴδ˵Ĺ¡
ŹĵĿ⣬вǵİƣƺһĨţвеĹâ
ĺŬȥţ˫۽Ӧģ磬شŷĵ⣬ȻһпֻĻ롣
ɫȹ
ڷдԼеɴʱ˿̵ķȴǼѡϣǹ

62 λ̫

ָܻӾȻǰģһƬǶ˵һĺϢ
˵ø
ĵڷĵϣȻĵӰӡ
ŲԤеĻָĺá
վڹǰظŹĵ
һٶɲǳԹĵĶȷϲߵ˫ۻָĳ̶ȡ
Ѿͷ̫ˡ
̲סĿŷĵҽ֪ʵѧҽϵܸߣû뵽ڶ̶̵ʱù˼ҹ»ָ
ȱ˵̫磬СɰӾҪĻظҳʱ俴ȥǿҵĵط˫ۣӦ
δâŻָߣ΢ǿһЩĹâҲ˫۲ʹ֮УΪ˱ⲻʵĺ֢ǧһҪСһЩ
ӾָˣҲָܻҲ˵ˣֻʱ⡣
ĵ˵һܹҽκùĵĲ飬֪ܿõȿ˵
Ӿָ˵ҲȻԡ
ڹլѾæһҹʱ䣬ʱ׼뿪լǧ긮Щ飬Ͼǰһ죬Ҫ֪
뿪֮ʣһ˫ץס
ӿŷģеɫ÷ĵĶˡ
Ҫô
޳ָдԼжԷĵĲᣬ֪Լôʺɣɻʳ˿ڡ
ţҪǧ긮һ·ҰҲޡ
ὫĵַŻ˱棬һĨЦڴϣָдԼһլʱ䡣
һ㸴飬ҪԹԵĳҩ
ҵ㡣
ĿͷĽʧУһ֮ɫ˲ɢȡ֮ɫһַĴδɫ
쳣ɱ鲼ǧ
ӡ
ڹǰϥڵϣȴӵ
ʱĴһӣо֮Ѷ֮⣬֮ʧڹլ
һߣѾ뿪˹լķĲ֪ĵı仯ĵףĻǸɬСɰ
ʱƾճס˷ĵȥ·ƺѾȺ˶ʱ
С㣬ס롣
ǷҵĶ⼸˻ӡģǷԨ
ϲʱΪʲô
ҿ˵ļƣܾ
Ҳãȥϲʲô
δǧ긮ķֱӱҵ뵽˷ҡ
ͬǶԷĵ̬ʮֹһ·ϸ߷ĵٶǰţǷͣԸֱ̯ҲûκԹߡ
׻˵úã³ϲľΪʲô¶
Ƥпܡ
Ա˵ķĻص˷ңģȻڷҴǰˡ
һ񣬷ĵߵŮδķҵŮģǸǧ谮һĴС㣬ҲǵҪ޸İ֮ˡ
ĵĿ´ŷҴСģһıҲͲ˵ı顣
ģҵŮ밲
̶Ϥصڶߡ
ѭĿͷŮһЦ
ϣиأ˻Ϊ˭ҹڷء
ĵĻ÷ɫǺţӺͷҵŮڳģǰεľѵվ
ģȱСš
һձСЦܵġ
òɻá
һ£ɫȹͬɫϵĴ멣һһ͸Ŵҹķ
ݣĿתϧò˵ǵŮһȴûˣ˵ĻҲȻѡġ
ҹݺĻŴ˹ͷˣĿΣЦ⸡ֶ
õͬ飬ֻϧھܿˡ
һһ䶼͸ŶԷĵĹУеģ޲òñŷĿ
˿ˣȻΪĸһ

ǰ˫۵ķҴС㣬̧ļ򣬻˵
㲻عһǧ긮ԵúסúúãҪлǡҼ¶ңҾͲˡ
£ôǺֱ飬ҲỹδѵķķˣĽ˷ҡ
ּİ̲ôλ̫ͣ˶Ƕ¶Ļһ˼ûУ˷Ѵࡣ
Ǿ仰ǶĹػʵİָĵݺʵ
ĺͷҴСȥ޷ǾǹŴӾЩӹŶΡȻû˵һ֣˹ˣ̫߳ˣ

63 ɽͼ

ң鷿
Ĳ̫׹ΪʲôһҪ鷿飬ѵִ칫ҵĸô
ˣ
ţõ׼鷿С
ˡ
ϰ鷨ķԨ̧ͷһ۷ģʾ£Ѿ˲͸㡣
һ̬ȣԨеëʣָָԼдļ֣ŷΡ
дΡ
Ѿ߶˲ˮ͸㣬һеĸ㣬ÿһ㶼üΪϸϲͻȻôᣬԨĿʲôˡ
Ҽֻˮֻϧ㡣
ĵߴӸ̿Ԩдֻ˼䡣
ģȻһ۾ͿֻĲ֮
ԨЦ÷Ľ䱸˼֡
ŭޣЦСթ
֪Ҽһνʲô¶ô
Ѿ˷Ҽĸ֣ǵƺԨںƤҲԵԾ˰ɡ
Ȼĵ͹˷ԨƤĺȡ
һ飬͹˼ߵúܽ
Ŷ
ԭˡ
֪ԨĿʲôˣƤ֮⳶˹˼ң͹˼Ϲϵ
˹ԺһЩ顣
˵䣬İڶϹ͸ִȻԨĿ̰֮ɫһ֡
ԨڷĴŵһľִϣȻִͨͨȴǲ򵥣Ź˼δݡ
û뵽ѾͷȻ˹ۿһССķľȻ˼ҵճʶ
֪ҼбôûеĻ˻ҪظΪǧ׼ʳˡ
ѵüһΣĪ֪ԸΣҵƤ
ԨǷԨǷС㻹ģֻһõĹߡ
Ҽֻ˵ƤδƤ峤ʲôģǧγ谮ңǧ긮ɲ֪ƤϸִӺ𡣡
ȻĲ֪ҺʲôΪԭ޵ǧ긮ҵƤվѾ˶֣ΪСǧ긮
ҷԨӵĿҲƤںǻ
ԴԽ翪ֹһƤ֣ⶫⶫǺηǿ
ǺãձƤ
Ԩתһ£漴Ƥ顣
³ֳ߹״̬Ƭã½֮߹δ֮ǰһǿҶʢĳͳǳ֮Ϊ
ϵĽ˼ǧͳΣշֱĩ··սķ߹
ڽ֮ʣһӵޱصĲرͼ䣬ȷѪ꣬Ϳ̿߹ʵΪѣ߹㹲ͬƾٳһʿŴͼǰʥɽٻ٣˭֪·ȴ⣬Ϊ²ѣʿͼϳ߷ݣˮƯ

Ҳ˵ҵ߷Ƥ֮ƴӳĲرͼˣ
ˣƤһ𣬱Ϊ˶Ҫõɽͼ
ɽͼ
ŷԨ˵ŹƤļֵڣü΢ţⲻǷŮϵķô
ģΪҲΪǧԣһҪİǼ鳼ǵƤ
Ԩἰǧ֮ʱЦһ˫ŵķЦ˿ҪС
ҼģΪ²һᾡΪѰƤҲһݴ㡣
ĿеĴԨȻ֪ʲôԨҲŷ˵Ļ
ļ̽ģԨǲ÷Ļ뿪ҵģڿѾͷϴŴ˼ݵִ֮ʱԨ˼ƻ
˷ģƬ֮һϮ³ȹķҴС鷿У⿴ʧĵطǲ֮⡣
˵Ѿжôôš
ĵĴھһ裬׵׵ĳ衣
治Ůôϡ
ŮĪŭȻԼļƻ
ƻӦ֪ں;ǧߵĶȥ롣
ļ䲻ϲģƾʲôҸɿһŮҲԼһʵ۾ȻͻĶ
ǷҵŮӦӵеĹ⻷ԲܱһССŮȥһ˿һԡ÷ǧû뵽ľȻţѾŷĳһˣôܻţ

64 

ⲻ֪÷Ԩͷ벻黹ء
վڷǰиֶһĨЦѪȴ䡣
һ˼ҾҪڷԨУɱˣɱˣ
£תȥ
仰ʲô˼˷֮û֪ˡ
ңż档
Ȼ÷ǧԵвǿʲôԲ
޵һ죬Ļصǧ긮ʱһƱ˾ۼǧ긮ڵȴİݽ⿪ɱ׵һ̡
ӷĿǧ긮ֵʱѾˣòײż˽ȥɿɽ˺ľǲ⡣
ǧ긮ʲôʱɲгˣ
ǧ긮Ĵűˮйͨǧ긮ĴѾǰֵȺүվڽе
Ǵû
ط˵Ļǰ᰸֮գһʱǰү˱ǧ긮
ôһ˵ҲŲµôһˡ
Щ˻˼ǽɰһҪӸǧ긮ǲŹһ˿һĻᡣ
Ů죬ټϾۼڴе˶ǳ͢еү߹٣δͬ»Ǳĺã˵׼Щֻҳʲô鷳
ԣֻڴԺһߺһŹڰϸ
ǧ긮УΪİÿһϸڶ˵оŷ
ҴﵽĿҲǷҪģеìͷָ˷ҵķڹլĿʱдһİݣдһЩڰļҪϢȫİݵֶΣɱıǷҲܰе
ӳڷҷͷϡ
ǧΪһҧıǷ
ȻȺ˲ɣ˷ûԼӸԱվŵλүˡ
үӣԬͷҶͳһսߵӲҪĻҲԻֵүɱ֮С
ֻԴӰƣر߹ر֮һɱƺĳַ硣
ʲôĵȻ֪ˣϵı飬ƺԷûʲôӡ
ټȻ϶ıǷȻ֤ݣˣ֤ݣ
İݻ£㿴ǧ긮һҳһҳֽţֽд棬ŷС
Ǻʱµֶļ¼ڰϸļ¼Ƕʮһ͵ͷ
ǧ긮ŷɱ֤ʣεҡҡͷ
Ƿô
˭֪أ
Ѿˣֵ˶Ҫ֪˭͸һ׺ˣʲôˣʵѡȻǷˡ
ڷңǷԨãһ仰˵ҲǷĵ׹ùá
Ű費ģȨԼұ˲ԡ
Ŀ˵֮ÿһ˶Źϵѩһ̿ʼע˰Ľ֡
ˣͱˣʵ۽齻İڲ֣˵Ļ̻̣ʱ˿̵һ紵ݶúȺŮ˻ҡ
ƫƫʱһָɱףһϢըɵͬݣɱֶԥĽ֤Ƶϡ
˽Ͱ벻ҲòȥԼļںû˵Ϊʲġ
⣬ҲǷ͸Ԩĵһݴ
ҧңҧҾͰ͸ȡ
ľβͣССëڰлȥһ޹
ѾΪ˶ӣݵҪ֤ݶָ£ҲֻĵŻʵ۵ˡ
ںֻСˣķģʱܵһߡ
̧ͷѰ߿ȥ˫ĺ
үк
еһֻӣץСӵצӳݻ˻֣צӴȵıǵ÷ĸϲ
ʱԭ۵ҲЦһ˿ȹڴϣ˿﷢ë
ɽɶ
ʹ£ʵ۽ı乬Ҳܵǣ
ҹյһţһԷҵš
յڴŶȣĿϷԨдһζκ޲ýʬĻжôĸˡ
ǻκҲ뵽ŽһĹ򣬷ҾȻ⵽صĳͷʧƣҲ밲˼϶
˺Цôģ
İһɫ²ڷĵߣīɫĳ˳Ŵ£ҡҷ֮Уаȵ˼µĿһιŷĵСࡣ˵⻭

65 Ϊһ̫ĶŮ

Ŀİݣһ˫գգ͵ŬҪԼʲôʱĻ档
ô룬Ҳ벻κйصϢֻǾǰһĻʶ
ڿʲô
ŶԨд˼Ůš
˼Ů޷˵ľԼֽ־䶼ŷģЩҧĽֵʲô˼Ҳô
鲻͸ҵһԺ͸ԨϲʱϣԨ꣬Ϊֻܾܵ˸ִݲС
๫
ñӱ˫˯˹ȥȫںߵжôΣա
ʱ˿̣ڷĵ˼İݾΣҲǸ̫࣬û룬ڴӦİݵ֮Ȼ԰ͬͬ˯
һ̫ͬҲٲһ⣬ݹʷҲû˵̫໹Ů˻С
ⲻ֪İ۵һĨЦζظŷĵĳԼȫȻûκηŮˣǵЦŨҡ
ˣ㰲һʱ䡣
պ֪Ϊ
ա
緹ĹƵĽҩ󣬷йһڴ˯һ
ȵһʱѾˣ򵥵ϴһ£˫米뿪ǧ긮׼ǰլСɰ顣
ǧ긮뿪һ̿ʼ·˱㲻ϵָָ㣬еĻﾡ
ȻǸ꾫ɨǣɥǣ
ޣΪһ̫࣬ȻԼ壬ô˲ҪŮ
ǣΪҵŮȴݺң˴治ĶŮӦж˿飬ɱ
峤լʺΪ˶ٺ¶ͷȴŮݺɱģ÷ļ޸һ̫̣࣬
һһ񶾵˷𣬷ƲƲ죬޹ʹļŹլȥ
ڴʱʯ鳯ŷĶ˹ȥۿžҪԴؼʱ̣ĴûбʯС

ȺУ֪˭Сź壬ʱ䣬㿴ܲҶӷ۷۵ĳŷĶ˹
ϻ浱ֽô
ͣ½Ųķתȥһ켣Ⱥ֮У׼ȷҵ֮ˡ
˲Լ֮ʱѾˣ룬㱻һ׼ȷࡣ
ȥǼӣңֻ͸֮һԺ档
ĲڽµǷҵˣҲɿ֮ˡ
Ŀһں˵İǣһŲȶ˷˵ֱۣ漴һĨЦ⸡ֶ
鲻ǺܺãԱҡ
ϺȺ棬һȺʹ֮˸С
Ƭֻ֮ĺСıյʧУƷŵһжûһ
пڲԶĿջУ밲۶˽һж۵ס
޳ĴֶŲ豭ǳһȴŷĵʧЦǽɢȥ
ôŮΡ
ᣬթΪñɱ֮
ĴŮ˵Ļֺ͹˼
ףֻǷҵһŮˣΪλΪѲŮӡ
үĳȻղŻؾԷĵҲжţŮ˲ӦѾô
Űۿ˵Ļ۵ʧЦһӿЦĵ׺;
ǰѾȥŮӣΪλء
ƺʣƺڻش۵⡣
ݻеĲ豭Цζ˲⡣
һߣǰլķԶԶľͿǰĹġ
֮£һϮŵİ£˿ĹӣѰһˡ
ģҲ˷ġ
۾ոոٴ۵Ĺâ´̫ôڷС
ǣŹĵֻص˹լڣдµҲ͸ԹζǹȴһֱЦš
ǰںڰеԺۿ֡
ĵָشŷĵƣÿһֶ͸Լ룬жԷĳֵڴ֮С
úúãҪӦңԲ˫۱¶̫ʱ䣬ô
ˣ˵һӣ϶ʲôһƥҲġ
ɴϣҸһ˿ڡ
Ź˴ϣ⿪Ÿ˿ڡ
˿ڻָĲǼס⼸ձ˿մˮ
⼸Ҫע飬һһ¡
ҩĹ˯˹ȥʰ˫米׼뿪լ
лл
ɶ
ûô˵ɶʵղ˵ɶû
ûʲô£һĨ֮⸡ϣڱڵûб˲

66 

뿪˹լѾˡ
Щˣ׼ȥòһٷԣİҪڻʹдһЩӰ˵飬Ҳˡ
˫米ķŲʲô˺ãһûע⣬㿴ǰһɫӰͻȻ֡
ΪӶһһϰ֮ˣܷӦһ˹ȥ
ιСô£˼߸·ѣΪζ˺֡
ϰϵ𣬷ĶһԼղһžȻߵһˣһź·ߡ
ԲԲҸղûǸˣΪ
СѾͷô˵أ˼Ҳһ˻ʲôѵǹôϣ
̱ڵϣȻӺͷѾף徫ģ˿ѷɫڽ׳ĳӣټµĺȳһǸӡ
΢΢üͷ۵һĨ䱸֮⸡ֶ
վ֡ǰҪ˭֪ȴڵϲһԼۣҪĴȥҪȫҽƷãҪչԺҪ⳥
ķá
Ŷ
ǰһĻôһ£ԭǸɵġ
ˣôߣĶżһЦ⡣
˼ңݼ
ԼղһŸûǸӣһŸ첻κвЩ֮ģһ˿һûˡ
ɾȻĵͷˣԣ
˵ʲô˼ϰϣۣҵۣȥǮҪǮ
ʵ˷һŶ˼ص˺˻ߵĿ˲Χ۵ȺڣһԷһָָ㡣
Լǧ˵ݾȻһ˼Ҷ֣£°
ǣôҲ̵Ĵ˴ġ
ĺ̰ҲиҲĸף㸸ĸ˲ƽĴ֪˻Ρ
ȥ˼ҿ򰡣˼Ҷ
ϣ۰
ΧȺԽͬߣԽǽкǧָķšüͷúȺʥĸһʶĻһὫȺ˴

ã
һĨЦݸڴǣĺݺݵ³һӲǽڵϵ߲
ߣҵȥ򡣡
ιСѾͷ㣬˼Ӳþڡ
߱Ĳ˼ãæŸһõĴű߿Ϊ˭Ҳˡ
ѾͷôһҪ˼õļơ
ŭķģϲɵÿŵߡ
һҪ˵˲ס
⡭ô£
ϣʶ
ʶʶ·ϼģ
ҡҡͷе֮⡣
ͷϵķҲûйעϵı仯ŵϣԼԼ˱蹾˹˵ĺȥѹѹŭ
ɵġ
ıߵݡ
թˣû뵽һͷ
ϣ˼ۣۣĶۣ˲ˣҪˣ
˵ţͷһ˹ȥæǰƬ֮عͷһ۷ģɫصҡҡͷ
Ѿͷػ¶ˡ
ˣϳȥˡ
ֲɵӣóװĵľٶȴ
ԶţȷʵҪһʱ䡣
ˣ
ϵĻ⡣
ԼղһŸû˳ȥκ˺
аķǰԸⲻãĽ˵һģһ
һĳɫĵһ
ȥˣԾ󻼡
ͣͣͣѾͷôأҰڼðѣϷͺˡ
ֹ˷ĵľٶƺ·Ķ߲ʲôֵľٶһ㡣
ģ
棬Ϸƭ㲻ɡ
ĵ̬ɻûдŪߵ˼Ҳһ
СӣѲ˰ںԺ᷿
ǣƹģ
СӲ뿪˼ôʧڷĺϵС
ϵĿ⿴һ۽Զȥߣŵ˫ķһ亹
ȻĲδϵ
Ѿͷ⼸ûʲô¶ĻͱˣΣյĺܡ
ΣգʲôΣյġ
˲ϣСӶĸ㡣
û˵⼸ֲɻûôרŲɼŮӵ˵ɻŮһ˸ʬаúܡ
ļٵģ
һŵı飬ɻֲѪôܻڲɼ֮ŮӳΪʬⶼС˵þŶΣڿˮ״̬²ܳΪʬڵĿƼ̶ȣƺ˵زȻ˹Ū顣

67 Ϲ

㻹ţѾͷҹ
ŷ˼õһԺӣԺӵһнŴţľŴ֮󣬷ĿһŴϾȻһ߸ʬ
ϷûƭѣŮҹġ
Ůӣ
ץסϻеص㣬ϵ˼˵ʬʱ
ԡ
ϵͷһеĶ֮ʣƺһ
׼ȷ˵ŮϱɻѰɣ˽͵˼ãֵʱġ
ϸ˵Ϸ飬ڣ黹¡
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ÿһֻеȵɻ󣬹ٸ۲ŻֱᷢΪʬܺߡ
񣬹ٸѾؽͺڰ׽òɻѰκټ
ҹһŮӱ
˽ѰıŮ͵֮ʱŮѾű֮˵˼鷢ˡ
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ۿһеķȻҲŴвŻᷢ顣
ߵŸʬľǰ˫ϸϸĿǰʬ塣
Ǿ仰ڵĿƼ޷˲ˮϲƭԼǵǰʬɸʬȻǿˮֻһˡ
ѾͷŮӵĹ״нͣ
ǿˮǾֻһַܹ͵ʬΪλգۼΪʬƶ
ΪĽͷҲĿǰ˵Ψһܹʬԭ
ڡٲʥҽⱾⷽĽܣҲڲѯĹƹƶҩ£Ŀ˴¼
ʱû뵽Ȼķǰ
ǵڼ𰸼ˣ
֪ȷѾ˺ܶûץ
ҡҡͷ˿ɺ޵Ĳɻң⣬˵׼ڷһ޹Ůڱ
ɻͽٸȥɣٸѾ˺ڰûʲôܳԵġ
Ĵ˸Ƿ˸
ǹĲɻиðǹٸ飬иëǮĹϵ
ϷҲûԷ¥һ⣿
ɣûӣ͡
һԼͣæջ˸ղһ
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һζ磬ſˮ
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ĲɫζȫóԵĺ޲ϰͷȥ
ʱͻȻֵ˷ϣӷư㿪ʼɨһӲˡ
óԣóԣζȰ
ɷĵǸˣ˿ڴڳŷĲˣһ߳һ޲ڡ
ԣҭš
һƷߣҲžƱһֿʼɨ
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˭ĲģҪƴƴţһ档
һ׷ͽʣµһ̲ˣĺͷһǰͷӡ
ҾˣԺڼˣֻҪѾͷԣϷͲ׷ҵ顣
ɵϣ÷Ľϡ
һյı̵ĺƣȫȻҪʬιı顣
һ
һ׷ķķ꣬ȥ
Ѿͷɶȥһ˻ȥΣյġ
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ڲߣԼϺ˶ι
ݺὭҪ꣬һԼҪҪϲģ
ˣ
ŷĽʧеӰεҡҡͷת֮ʱһĨЦҲ͸Ź֮⡣
Ϲ峤ĲѾͷô
ϣȫϹϹ峤Ҳ߹ϵǰʮ֣ǷĸϹ׵֮Ƿĵ⹫
Ϲֵһ̣ϱϳݡ
ֻϲףϹ峤Ϊλݳھʵ˷ѽ⡣
ĺӵǱϷеõЩ˼ЩϷҰϵˡӦõģϹ峤ˡ

68 ˺

Ĳ֪ϺϹ˵ʲôҲ֪ɵʲôݣʮֲˬ
ۿŻһʱˣСߺԼĻ
Ϊɻԭ򣬽ֵϵŮֻ࣬Ůż
λãȥɾƷ·ôߣ
ͣ½ŲѰȥֻҡҷĺ֮£һ³ӺЦĿ
Ӱ˫ۣĵһĨԸеĺܣ·һһ䶼ġ
紵ɢĳĿһĨЦݣһô졣
޵ֻڻС
λãɾƷôߣĳէ·֪ÿɷΪ·
ԳĿιǰ˼֮ľ
ͷһ˫ϣڡ
תһٲһٲǰһٲһٲл
£תҪȥ˭֪ȴһǰ
ʵڲ֪ɾƷ·;ôߣͷô·¶л
ɫΪѣƺĲ֪ɾƷӦôߣ÷ĴȥĿĵء
λӡ
̾һָָԶɾƷ֡
۾ϹȱۣôְǰôֵʡʡɣִڨʽѾʱˡ
Ѱ֮ʱͺ¹ˣһˣһ֣ڵķĸû顣
˵꣬Ĳϵı׼ȥת֮ʱͣ˽Ų
УɫûãͲҵĲˡ
ңͶɫﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
İ˧˧аа˧񹲷ߣааȻ
˫
Ҹ磬ݣһ˧ʮ֡
˰ȱûϵһţȱ֪֮
ͷҲصĴȥֻʣºеĺ˿һʧеİӰ˼⡣
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ŮӽӲƿأƫƫŮûκαػף˹ˣ
Ļصǧ긮ǰʱ飬İݻڹûй򵥵ϴһ±㵹ڴ˯˹ȥ
ԴӰ԰֮˯˺ܶࡣ
Ѿ˯ȥķĽ롣
УһλصһƬɫĻ磬һΣվһŮӡ
ŮӵʮϤһ־Υů
ʱµŮƺҲ˷ģʾĿ
ĵĽŲǲĳŮȥ
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ˡ
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СʱһϹڻУغ߳İĸҥ˫ָĳһһ£һһ£
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ξ⣬ոմ깬ҪµİڴߣĨȥ۽ǵˮ
Դӷļǧ긮֮һμĿӦϹɡ
Ůˡ
еڷĵϣİ޳ָŷĵ۽߮ߣŷ˿˿ϢĴǡ
㲻ΪΪ׼һֱǧ긮
İݵĻûվԼӵɫʱЩĵ
һʱǧԷĵ̬ת˺ܶ࣬ǧԼҲڿŷĵʱǲתЦ⡣
⻹һΣյźţбҪ֮ˡ
ա
һ۾ͿǰһŷŴ˵ļ¿ǰ
İݱ˫ۣ˳ĽëŨܵЩ֣ĺȥĽëɾҪջֵһ˲䣬İ˫ץס
˺ˡ
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ָʲôˡ
๫һⰡ
ĺٺһЦһ˫΢΢һת˵Լ⡣
ǰŮ㽶˵ĳԷһųԣųԺųԣʣΪŮĸŮѾɻˡ
ɷϣһӡ
İݴӷаЦб֪һȴǲ⡣
˴ͽ̡
İݰŵۣȴŷĽ𰸡
˰ɣ֪ˣȻŸŮٵŮӳɻˣ
İݿ˵ʲôĸһЦصڷڣŵܸϽţ·İİһ㡣¼ӲĸԼ๫ӵˣ˷Ҳûˡ

69 Ҽסǧ긮

๫ټ
ı˫米뿪ǧ긮׼ǰլĸ鿴һ˿
Ŀŷȥüͷ֪ǲǴôܸоǸء
ǷӵĻôǧ긮ַ֮ľٶ
ǧ꣬ҪҪְȥӹ˼ҡ
ˣзִ硣
˼İˣһѡηģϣҪʧ
ǧ꣡
ŷııԶȥӰһС
ҹ˹֮ʱҵĹӡ
һֲĸŵʱĻ棬Լĺͺ¹˵ĶԻ
˵ǷĵĲһ仰֮ʣİ۵׸ֳһĨЦ⡣
Ů˵ﻹǾˣ峿Ǽˡ
Լ๫ǰȻ˻ӣһһεս
Щ鴦֮󣬶ȻҪ֪ΣǺ˼
磡
뿪ǧ긮Զı˸硣
ԽԽˣһҪעůðɲġ
Ľ˽ϵĺô멣˫米Ź˼ȥ
첻ԸǰŵҪƹȥǱ
˵ɶ¶ܲȥǧ긮ң·ٳô
ϳ
дŵŭƺֻҪķһ£ʬһ㡣
ô¸񰡣
ͲȥôţͲڹ컯֮ǿ񸾡
ȻûеõӦˣһӣĳһ˫ɫ׼ȷڷĵϡ
ϳô
˵ʲô
Ĺĺ֣Ǻ޲ðѷĵʬ
Ҫ飬¹طǧԡ
ᵽǧ֣üͷ΢΢
˼Ƭ֮һӰ
¥ż䡣
һľĿſһûһĳſɿڵʳ̬Ⱥƺżֳ̬֮ıŭ
ģ޵ġ
Хɽְŭ˹ŻķеĿӣתϡ
˹ˣӽ飬¹طǧô
һ䷴ʣһŭ緢˲ֹס˻ƺݺһȭ޻һ
ģô

Ļ÷Ц̬ƺʲô
ѲΪһӦǸֻܿνãͶô
һһװ׵Ц˵ѾǴǰķС㣬ֻĳЩ˿̫ˡ
ˣҲ𾪣˵˵ڷǧԵѡ
ķȣ̬Ʀʮ㣬ǰķСȻͬ
ҲòϣĲǴǰķġ
ҵйϵ԰ɡ
ָǼ飿
һ򦣬һûн
Ϊɷҵʳڣû뵽ȴһ
׼ȷ˵ԸҪһ֣ǡɷʵѡ˵ˣ͢ϵһô֣̫ܲˡ
ֻǵһ£һںָǷıûôȨֻдһŸ֮֮ɰ๫˭ѡ
԰ûϵ
ЦţЦĴ޺֪ĵ˶¶Цʱ򣬱ĳ˻ᵹù߼
ûйϵҪ֪ڵλá
˶ΪһȡԷӡ
һĬĬŵķС޸Ȩ㳯Ұ̫֮࣬գ˼ۣ¼ǧ긮֮󣬱ضᱻ֮Ц
УֻüֵһİݣһǴӾǧ긮͵ȡƤ
ɴ·ʼֱգһз鶼У鶼ƫֻһˣһ΢п֮ˣ֮˱Ƿġ
ڵλã
գһ˫ķЦĸǲá
ˣҵλǾǧ긮
Աŵַһ仰Ѿ˵һУѾɱ⡣
ģȷԼ˵ʲôô
һŷġ
ʱĻվǰһĶϸ˵Цšҵ˷ʱ䣬úõһŪ㴢֮λвǡ

70 Ұ

ϸһһĻصĶߣֻж˲ħһᴩԺ
ת˲䣬ɫɫӺӿֶ
ģƾЩ
Ǻǣ
ǳǳЦޣ̧˫һ˫΢΢ת
ѵӾ˵Ĳô״Ӹ
̧𣬷ָļ򣬴ʱ˿̵ķһ㣬ÿһ仰ģƵجһ㣬ջһаԨ
ңֻһⲻƿصӣ첻κв񴢾֮λȱӦú̫֮λͬۡ
Ц⣬Ũţֱӣŵһ˿еɫΪΡ
УҲûһڷʧƺһλ빬Ų֮ӱӦóƺҴСһСء
£ȥȫȻʲô顣
һо˵һڻʹеʵ۴乬ҲܵǣԷԨϲԸȻ÷ˣŹ˶ãһһŮ빬Ϊ
ɵӼǻûڹͣձΪԼӱŪҲΨзһǷҵϣ
ţԨһһ
ʱһ˿˿ͬˡ
ͷںܾǰ͸ԿˣһδȢһδޣŮһǳ顣
ķչ˶ʼδҲ벻ԼΪԨеӱʹУΪҡ
ҲµӦӣͷȴԼС衣
ÿÿ뵽˴ԽǿĵЦš
ŴҲûôģϣһϿ쵽ء
ﳤȥķĸʱҪǧе飬뿪¥֮󣬷˹լ
ԶԶر㿴լǰһɫӰվԭص
յĽڹĵϣһ޷ݵůģеķ֮⡣
˵棬ôֳˡ
ڹдһλǶԹıʾ
뿴
͵Ц鲼ӣһ˫ӳŷĵӰӡ
⼸ʱ棬ĵ߽һЩˣȻģһƬոջָ֮ʱҪϺܶࡣ
ĵӡӡָд롣
Ľÿ
˵첻ÿƵģҿ·СŮ
ĿţĵĺܣһԵд³
Ӳǿһ¶ѣŮ˻ˡ
լ֮󣬷Ϊļһ˿ڡ
˿ڻָĺܿ졣
ûʵշɱľԵɣʲôӦʵģʲôǲʵġ
ģѣûˡ
ã˵ˣҵտһʱ˿ɱޡ
һ̺ڷĺ͹Ķ֮䣬˸ִһӣʼġ
ʼΪԼȻӮҲ̫ѿֱϵȫֳһߵļƣСɰжôĸ߳
㿴ѩء
ڹĵдһλѰŷָķ򿴹ȥڼ䣬ֻԼٶ͵˼ӷԼ¨С
ŶԭҿˣΪѩأ
Ļعͷֲ⣬Ļ˻֣ڹдԼһʱ俴ˡ
˵ļӣЦţЦôºͣûеƷˣթ
վһԵԷĵ޳̶ܳȼֱˢµһµľ硣
ģ̫޳ˡ
ʲô޳ܣսԡ
һ˵Ļ˻
ԼƽǽյеҲֻ˵һߣֱӸɴ۾۲Ĳ
ֱ׳Ľ޳˵սԣ³˷Ҳûеڶˡ
ģĿ쿴С񡣡
ÿÿʼʩһΣĶǺϵתͷ棬ֱ͵Ӻתͷ
ǣˣĻǱĻܵɾ
ҾͲаˣ
ܽܵˣͲˢôлӮСɰ

ϵػţڰϣݺύɱķ
գǷνթǰ˹ĵС
һεķ̧ͷ˫Цӣ̾һ
ô۸˵ģô
仰Ƿ˵ģûдڹĵϣ̧֣ůĴǣŷĵʰһöϡʱԭעΪֵܾķľȻ˲תһ֮Ӯ֡

71 ˭û¶

ŷĵĻһԱĿ֮Աǡ
Ǽҹ֮߳߹һʤҲڹֵʲôˡ
Ҫǹ鴦òˡ
ĺ޳ܵĻԼʮ̺Ӯһ֮ʱʱͻȻֵһ˴˺гա
լȫ¶ѪǴѪˮˮ̳һŨҵѪζڿŻ
ҪǰһȴһֵһѳǰֻҪǰһԻ˲նɱ
ӣҰɣǰҵĴϴңȫҰɡ
˹ڵϳŹĿͷÿһ¶ôͷײڵϷķŶۡ
ģ˵ʲô
ڷʵ˵ʲô
˵ȫң֪Լˡ
Ҫеǹ˼ҵˣӦеϵ
ĽŹдµĻüͷŹġ
־ǹ˼ҵ飬һ˲ò֡
ްֱ˵ɡ
ðɣ
Ǹλ壬˹˵Ҫеǹ˼ҵˣӦеϵ
תŹĵ˼ʱڵϵ˲һվָŹƿڴ
ģҾǹ˼ҳӲŸ㣬ΪųӵݾΪΪ˲̫飬жһξжΡ
ǲɵüͷһĹ˼ˣ٣ҾһѣһǶеļƷǰλѪĹ˼ϴүķһ·ôȴ
вˡ
ģ˵ʲô
㡣
Ľ˼һλ֣ǹĵĻһַӼ
ʱĴһӣѾһУһŹ˼ʧڷĺ͹ĵǰƬ֮Ĳҽ˵һУǹ˼˱նɱ
ĿЦˣ淢һЩ顣
û¶˭һûи¶
ŹǷƵЦ⣬ɵҲ˵ķһЩʮأ˼ҲѪլͣȻ⡣
ڹ˼˱󲻾ͣһŲصڷĵĶߣѭȥʮŴݻŮĶвլڹĺͷǰ
⼸ʮһſӷһֱ쵽ʯϡ
ӡ
ʮ̬ȹĳŹûһ˿һĵ֮⡣
ģԸҡ
ڷдһλһд˵ֽڷˡ
Ҫķô
ŰֽϵݣɤӶֽϹдµһ顣
ôоԼʥּ̫ء
ѲɺİദˣȻȻҲȾ̫ë
дǹٹ˼״һЩ־֮ϽĲòСɰĹ
վڷǰĶǹ˼ҺԱ²ûĻΪ˼ҵϵӵĹıӦǹ˼ҵļ̳˲ѡ⵽˼˵ݺΪһ˵ܿǡ
Ҳù˼˽˷磬Թ˼ҿʼѳɣһӵģһӵã˼ſʼڶ
ŹĲת䣬˼ҵķҲʼ˱仯ҲһĻ
ֽϵһ֣ɤӶðˣ˿˼ԼӹĵݹĲˮ˹˵ù
ôư
ЦţĴָŷģһڲĿĹ˼۵׷׷š
Ȼ֪ӲĺתǧĪĹϵȴ뵽ӾȻ磬ҡЦˡ
һǵĴһǣ
˼ĸ²ǹ˼Լˡ
ġ
ֽڶŷڷС
Ҷһ󴮵ļҹѡ
ȱȱķڴ򿪵ڶż֮ʱֽдݣһ˫˲סˡ
дշҵѺͷǧԻؾ·ǧԱ˾ߣ߷ǧԵϹҵĸ֣ʱǡ
֪ǧԱ־ߵ飬İݺ˵
ϹҵΪʲôҪ߷ǧԣʲôϵô
ϢɿôϹҵôĿʲô
ķıɣϹ֮˱Ȼ˺ǧԡ
ڷдµ֣־䱣֤ǧԲܵ˺
ҿĵ飬Ӧû֪ϹҺԨԴ˼֮£ǾʱϹϹҵ֮ġ

72 ûϵ

լۼĹ˼ˡ
ľԼȥȽϺãڹĵͱ֮뿪˹լ
ʱɫѾĺûֱӻǧ긮ķ˼á
ϣ׼һЩҩ
ϺŲˮϸոտһˣ˲ڷߡ
մӹլ
ţլǷ˴¶
һûһ˵Źլ飬ǵȻȴľһһ㶵ġ
ѾѾͷļٵģûƭϷɡ
ƭܶһ⻹Ƕһƽҩݰôȥլ
Ĳô𾪵ıΪΣֻǰŴһ¹ĵ˼ûֱӲָԤ˼ҵ顣
ˣ
ʱһٵ
Ͽ쿪ţȾǼҶϿ쿪ţ
Сӿţһ򸾲ѾԲѵŮڼڡ
ôˣ
һͨһеˮԴԴϵӿֶ
ϣȾǼҶҶ̣Ѱ̼ȾҶѡ
Ѿͷ֡
ϺͷԼ޶˽ѰԵŮ̧˼õĺãϣŮɫ԰쳣ǱȫѪ
һ״һŷĵһ
ڴ˿̣ԭдһһϢŮȻʼɱ񣬰۵ļѸٵı˰ɫҿʼήһ΢ۿɼٶȱ˸ʬ
ҶҶҶ
˿޺ţıѾɸʬŮ
˫ͨ죬еȭͷͷ
Ҹƴ
ӶŶ˳ȥֻűȥŮš
εҡͷ̾һ
λˣܸŮȥɡ
Ĳ̣֮ĸ˭ҲϣԼŮܶˣ׷ͺڷ˵ıѰ˲ᡣ
ĵĿʼնѾɸʬŮм⡣
ۿĻǲ̫˵
˲ɣҲͬʱӡ֤˷ĵĲ롣
ŮͲɻйأһڲɻǿҶʱ򣬹ƶҶ棬֮ǿһĻ
Ҳ֪ٸʲôʱץɻ
ҡͷĿ긾˱Ůʬ뿪á
෿Ǿʬô
֮£ҪʲôĹƶҵĶ
ţڲ෿
Ϻͷ෿ʱ෿Ĵųţڷеһ߸ʬȴɡ
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ǲ⣬ʬڲ෿ţ˭û¶͵ʬʲô
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Ǿ߸ʬԼ߳ȥġ
ϱһعŷϡ
ϸ磬˻˵ġ
ϱϹŵҵţҪʺãԼҪˡ
ϹһȤζĿϺͷģŶܾŵı飬ٺٵЦš
ϣ˵Ǿ߸ʬԼ߳ȥģʲô˼
İһۣ仰˼
ϵ˼˼ҹʱ򣬿Ǿ߸ʬԼŴ򿪣֮뿪˼á
ô򵥣˶ѣʲô˼
ʲôʱ飿
һȫȻԼϣٸӰˡ
ղŰ
ô֪ͨǡ
ĵĻһ⣬֪ͨɶӣ
ΪʲôҪֲ֪ͨҷߵģ˵ǾʬҲûɶϵ
һ²ؼ߸߹ı飬ϹʾԼֲǾ߸ʬļˡ
ƹģǧ˲˲ˣǿö࡭ö
СӾеصҹɫ֮Уĺ϶һܻؼãѰСӾֵ߿⣬˽һ
ʮ߸ʬڼ⣬Χ
ɭ¹£ʬɤ淢ͺĹֲ쳣һѪģʬ嵹ڼⲻԶϸ֮£˲Ҷĸô
ô

СŵЩӣ̱ڵվӡ
üͷĿʮ߸ʬϡ
ϣ㿴ǾǲǼöĸʬ
ǣ
ðΧʮ߸ʬŮԸʬһǳԲɻ֮ףһĻҲȻͲɻ벻˸ϵ
Ǻǣ·㲻ߣ㴳ҵ飬ǻء
ҹɫУһɭصÿһ˵ĶߡڣֻһӰɫ£ȡ

73 ʬΧ

ӰǰŻ߳һ˻һ㼦Ƥ
վʮ߸ʬмĺӰżļˣһӣǸʬһ˹
ȻҪ£ͱˡ
ƾ㣬ڳԡ
ǰͻȻһôһ˭Ҳ˵ĳҲ÷ĵȦѣԼ˵һü˲ôһ¡
ǷĻϣһ²ؼϹ˵Դµľ֮ʶһ飬ǺҪɱ˼ˣһŹ
ʮ߸ʬĳߵĳֵ³Ÿʬ˹ȥɵһ죬ȴôʯϣʬûһ˿һı仯֮ȴǱ״
ģ׷ˣĳǵǹġ
˳ЦŷģһλŴ֣߶ŻɬѶģǸʬƺװһ㣬Ѹٵĳż˳˹
ôȥǰ취
ϼǵԴֱð亹Ǽ˵ģҲԵ֮УǰһĻʵ˲⣬һͿɲȺʬĿС
ϣСӶˣͷ
ϲ书ʾϺСһطϹҲ׼һѱץס½ǡ
ɶ㲻ΪԼİȫݺϷϷСҪʵϷһѲƲզ졣
һµĻʳʲôʲô
ںϹԼѵһµĳӣͷҪʲôȻ¡
˻棿
ҷĴӲԡ
ĿϹ֪ͷʵʲôһ飬Ǳͷӵ书֮£Ҫտܶࡣ
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Ѿͷס˵ĻϷҪǰȺʬˣҪϷһµĳӡ
֪Ϲҵ峤ƢŹԸ׽͸书ߣ߹ǰʮĸ֣ʵպյ֮ˡ
ǼϹ˵ȴǼ٣ڽϴϹһ峤ˣ˭Ҳ֪Ϲھڷĵߡ
ȻϹײβԸʮֵĳһ޷ıģǾǲ
ʳֵ׷ҲϹϹҳߵԭû֮һ
˷ģ˼ãԵСѾͷʳǽϹĲ
ȺŵĸʬһµĻʳʲôء
Ѿͷ׼һЩ͡
𹥣
΢΢üͷɲǼϹ˼
ЩʬڹƶӰˮڽϻԻ𹥣ȻȻľһȼա
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˼νЩʬʱ򣬺Ȼ伹һʮ߸ʬľȻӵ
Բۣ
һߣĻûվȱ㳯żȥ֮ʱ㿴Ϲ֣һթЦ⣬ע⵽Լ֪ʱһʵ⡣
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ͷ£ɹʮ߸ʬӼ˳˳ƽӹ϶Ļ͹ӣһ˸ʬϡ
һ
Żӿʮ߸ʬΧڻУ̼䣬Ÿʬ˺ѷεĺɢʱʱĻֻʣһѺɫĻҽ
ģֻǱ͸СС񡣡
ҹһԽԽԶٿŸʬĻȻѾԶȥˣֻһɭķָźӰʧĵطš
񾭲ֲӳ⣬ʲôϵ
Ǻ˼ֱǾ񲡡
Īĳ֣ĪķųʬΧǣĪʧ
ҪɱҪŲĿĲݵ̬˵ãһоˣʲôô
ǰһصĺɫҽź紵ɢ
֪ʱߵߣصĺɫӡص̾һ
ǻһ͵Ůôûˡ
ϿЩ޹ҲΪõĹߣյ³ȴһҪҡ
ϣһĲһ߾ƤңЩһȥ硣
İοϣĨȥϵķѩһ˫ͨӿűƻŴļãص̾Ϣš
ҪǮ

ϵĻжָʾıԡ
ͷ˸еĲǻŮ޹ɼҪվϣŵҪ

74 洫Ҫ

ʬ¼˺һҲǰ󱳡
¥УһζΧˣ˵ĳͺ˼̻ĸѾ˵͡
ģϣϹſӿ˦ӳԵǽһֺŵһźĵСҶ˻һ
һܽؼ
ҵһŴԲӡ
һ뺣
ٴһ㣬СԷ۵糸ٶȰȾܣΣյķ䡣
¥ĶóǺóԣǲ˵˼Ѿͷ㡣
һ߳¥ʳһ߿ŷĵգһԵϹҲͷ
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ϡ
ĺԥĻؾϹ
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˲䣬е¶ȼ½Ϲϱĺ¥ϵɫҲˣһȰϹĲǸ˼
ǷıֵĵȻúܣյļһƬź
ǷΣ
СѾͷϷݺὭô껹û˸Ϸ˼Ϸǿ㽻ףӦԼݡ
Ϲŭһеĺһ¶ȽţǿԴԴϵıŷţķ
ġ
֪ĵԸԽǱвűԽĿ÷İӦϹ˭֪ĸڵĻᡣ
ˣҷʲô£ǲ±в
΢ɢŲİǣϹһǿĸ֮£ǵŮ̬Ծû˿Ļ֮⡣
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һϹһŻ˷ķѵӳΪ˷ջľϵҲ˳ɢһء
Ϲ۾ŷģƺֻҪٸҿڣһƴеıǡ
ͷʱ֮㲻ҡʬϮ֮ʣΪնΣյľأҲˣȻиֵķ緶
ʱΣΣҵĻͱһȺʬ˺ѪģĻ¥Է
ͷ㻹أô
СӣȻôϷ˵ŲϷһ㣬ʬ޴档
ĺţϹһסˡ
ϹϹҼʮ꣬ݺὭʮأû˸ҵԼŮָűǣдˡ
ҪǲѾͷһЩɫ浱Ϲǳصô
ιͷŵѣ಻ȥʱʬʱҿô˵ѵ˵ͷ㱳ȣܳ˰Լˣ
С˵һԣΪϷ治Ҷ֡
ʲô˵¶ǲǣǺȾȾƣ
ϴԲҪ̬ôչȥϹͷһģʱǴҲˡ
СӣϷһǸϷڶ̫
ϹŭˣԼŮôţ˵ǰдд
ϹĻȴһ
ߣ
ЦţŶ̬úܣܻϹֱû¶һ
ϣҴӹլ֮óԣɻСǣӶ±Ѽ⽴㣬ƤѼ⣬ټҴ๫ƿ͵Ĵһھһ⣬ǽһ
ɻСʲôӶʲôȫҳԹƤѼô
ϿڣһԵϹſˮŷ˵Щ˶ʲôζΡ
ƤѼȡһֻѼ¯տַ֭ϽмӹѼɫ󣬷㴼ۣ˱ǣ¼޽С
࡫
Ϲſˮͷ촽޲ϾͳһڴƤѼ
ǸϷŪһֻƤѼ£ֻֻ
ǰһ뻹ҪһƴĵϹʱ˿ȫȻû˷ŵŭ
ιǿɲɣͷղŲҪô
е¶ղϷأ˭˭
ϹٺٵЦţһΪʳ޽ڲٵı۽顣
˵⻭תǲЩ̫ˡ
ո˻ɱǺݾļƣǿ޲ҪԷضڳʬҰɴʱϹϹ峤ƣȫһֳԵСͷûɶ
ô˵ϲŪˣ
ѾͷһҲĬϷղŸ㿪Ц˭ҪǸҶһëϷһȫҵȹȣƤѼôóô
ϹͷʵЩܲܡһ¿ȷϵģ涼ŲİͿԼ洫ĲҪ

75 Ҳ

¥УСʳʱɵˡ
һǽ壬Ǳһ
ˡ
ʱһŶȵķĻһ˲İֻ˭
๫ôҲڣ
İݳ֣ĳЦߣ֮ʱᵽһ˿˿
๫ȾˣθûȾƣء
˵ˣŴΪ򲻺þŴ˵棬С˼
İЦţеЦ͸ᡣ
ΪҪ뿪һô
ѽҪôȥأͷˣƤѼԡ
ĳϺϹ˰֣İݵ뿪¥
๫Ҹ˵һϴ̼ˡ
ŶΪ֪˶ʲô
ʬܶĸʬ
ŷĺİʧӰ¥żеϹת͸ӳŶ˿ȥ
İݲŷعһ˫ĺϹߣɲǼ䣬Ŀеɫ˰ٴΡ
๫֪ôǸ˾Ȼ˵ҪŪң
Ǻ˸ҶԷ˲ΪһҪֻع
ԣŪ
£İ¥Ϲȴһֱʧķþòȥ
ľǼ޸
ţǧİݡ
˵ʵҺͻ壬ϵʱİݵӡǲİݶԷչмӡ
ˣ򵥡
Ϲİݵۡ
Ϲûмİݣ֪һУΪ鳼˵İȻռ鱨֮С
Ϊһ̫רȨĻԼʵ۵ĻӹһߵĵλһС˾ǧİݡ
ĵ̬ȣƺǧദĲ
ǰڷҺͻ嶼ģҪեȡļֵ֮ʱǧǶõˣȻĺСӡ
޵˵ŷļǧ긮ĵεΣԼĹӣҵľ飬ص˵ŷĳ޵յ
Ϲ峤һ鲻
ϵ˵ͷĵô
ϹҪΪνϹһĵŮиչˣϹһ춼֪Լĸĸ˭
ϵӦ˵ɷ֮
Ϲɫƺ˻֮УԼŮ֮һй顣
ʿռΨнϹ͵Ծ֮ѹɷǵܻóãֻҪȵʮа֮սӻϹұƳɷǵ
˭֪ڷٰܵĥʱϹҲŲпϴϾ˼ԶھϹ˾ҡ
ϹĻεЦţЦϹʮֲ⡣
ϵĪΪ峤ˣ
ҲϹ峤ˣɷѹסϹ峤뵽ĵƽ⡣
ԣϹ׵üͷ΢΢üмɫ
ϵ˵ʲô
ѩ֮ʱѾͷռϹ峤һΪ֮ˡ
ôʣϹüͷһ֡
Ѳɷĺһɷ֮
Ϲ峤Ӧͨ־һɷ֮ɱǣǺߡ
ɱԾ֮ˣض磬֮ˡ
Ϣ֮ҲϹһ𾪡
ǱˣȨЦ֮ԣǷġ
ģ
˫Ϲŷ֣еɫŨţ˲²͸Щʲô
һߣ¥ķ˵һ췢顣
񵽹˼ңӼõʬٵ¥ȵȣİʼЦݣĵŷ˵Ȥ¡
๫⼸սĪҲͲɻйϵ
˴ϻۣɻĳ־Ļ̻̣½齻Ϊүͬս׽ù鰸
ʱ佫ɻ׽ù鰸Цأ
ŵ˶˺ڰؽͲɻͷɻëûץһ
ôˣθˣǧٴȾƱȾƣãɣ
΢΢üͷİݣһֹԹţɻİݵθ
ĵ¶İݵ壬һĪڶ֮䣬İֱ׵ĶţĲɵúա
ʲôû
˱ȻҪÿ
أһĨıڷĵĴǣģģ
İݵˮеʯͷһڷĵһϵɢš
˵ζҲ

76 ӾȻ

գǧ긮
ǧ긮ԺУĶڵιʳֻСӣŶõĹǧ긮óԺúȵֻСѾȦʵĺֻëСһ

̾һһιʳֻӵķһ߻Ϸ顣
İݽˣԼ澹Ȼôһĸо
ָоһʮΣյźţΣռȥʲôתĺ
վҪ뿪ԼҪ޾
ĺܣԽԽ꣬ԽǷ̲סĺ˼롣
ۿѹ鷿İݺݶץɻ飬ڳԼһը棬׼ȥլ鿴һСɰĲ顣
˭֪ըոճܲʱĳڳ
ˣǧҪȥ鷿һˡ
֪ˣ֪ˣ
˿һը棬üͷնһը鷿
鷿УİݺŲɻµУԼʬߵİһͷը档
ˣڲɻ飬кμ⡣
İݽԼͷԵķ̧ͷը滹ûʣմȾŽ֭ģʵ̿
ɻ
ǵĽ֭ûİݺ۵ǹɶȤζı飬˵Լڼ÷Ǽ¡
ӣǸӦþǲɻˡ
ΪϵЩʬγԭΪƶɵԭǲɻ±¶ʲôϢŻٿŸʬҪһԾ󻼣ȴǲǿ⡣
ǲɻҲ뵽ԼĸʬСֶӻᱻ
ǧ˾ǲɻĿʲô
ݵĿⶢŷģеĺ͸һ˿˿ЦЦ˵ʲô˼ȥˡ
үĻһ˼ô֪ɻĿʲôϽ齻๫үֺαһʲôĸء
ĵװ׵д鲻Ǻܺñҵı顣
˵ˣ֪ɻĿɶֲǵʽܡ
๫ûб飬ȸˣ˼ҵĹӻȥء
·Сġ
ʵû˶˼ķ뿪鷿һİݾϵ飬ÿÿ뵽쳣Ρ
ƽȻҲʱʱĿЦҹΣյĸоͬ
һ൱ΣյźţҪסſԡ
ǧ˵飬ƺǺܺá
ͷүһŮм鲻Ǻܺá
һĨ޵Ц·Ѿ֪һУİݵĿŷӰʧ˻ݼ˵Źڲɻ顣
뻹һʱǴڣһ·ϽС˷ҲǷ׷ðδ꣬͸һζϢ
ǧ긮뿪ķڴϣ˿ĵĿԾʮֲơ
Ͼӳϵġ⻷̫̫࣬ö֮Ҳϰˡ
ˣһʱ֮յĵ˹լ
ʱĹլǰȥվˣȺȻȻǺµ죬һϹϾվԭأȴű
Բ𣬽һ¡
ĸ߾еǺ«Ǽ˹լ
üһӹլſʼһ˱ŶӵȺ⣬Ժ涼վˡ
ϳô
ڴĹĸܵϤϢ̧ͷȥ˫־Ǻ«ŮСļȺС
֮£˫еİ鲻ԽĸЦţǳηƣֻҪһۣлɢˡ
Сɡ
ĸҪ˵Сɰ֣һԵһۣʹ÷æջ˼˵ڵĻ
СɰҲûڳ²ܽгڵģ˼һӶڣʧʧߣ
ǹ˼Ҫô
ǰɣһִδò͡
һߣŷģ֮޷˵ʱ򣬸ȥɡ
ҽʦֲǱķųˡ
ֹԼҽǸ˿ҽԴ˹լ֮˼ְķ
еһǺ«УߣһǺ«
糿Է岻ãæҲҪʱԷʲô
ԣ鷳ˡ
һĨЦ⹴ڴǣŷķеǺ«ҧһڣĸоڴ֮䡣
ԣȳǺ«θȥ
á
ָڷдһ֣˫ܿˣֽʴдҪ˵ĻͿԣĻϰ˷ĵ¶ȡ
ٶпϡƽڸβʱ˵ճˡ
ٶڹ˼ȴΪ𾪡ӡȻȻ

77 ϱ̳ؽ

ӣȻЦˣ
˼ƺ˴һ۾ȥϸϸĿһȷǷſһĻʵġ
ӣȻЦˣ
ڹ˼˵һ˾㵾ŵϢ֮ЦΪģһС㣬Ϊ˾ǧ̫ޡ
⣬ʵĲ⡣
ĲһССŮʲô㡣
ҴӴӲϲŮӽӽߣӴˡ
˼벻ףȻҲû˻ǽɻ
֮󣬷Ķ˳ϼµļҳСɫζȫˮ
ԷɣҸ˿ڡ
ڹĵдһλĵͷϸϸƷζŷÿһˡ
ƣ
˳ÿԷô壬һһͻ߳Ƶģ̫һĿ
ȵȡ
ôİݡ
˦˦ͷԺİݵӰ˦˾⡣
ӣǹ˼ҿҵһĿ
ڹò֮ʱһ»ӻǰ
ӵĿǲƵĿһ۷ģ۵д˲֮⣬ʲô˼Ļ᲻Ǻ֪һΪΡ
ǷģҪں˵ɱǧ˰ٴˡ
ӣĿ
ӶԷĵ̬ǳͷβӣԹҲǴŲƺڹ˼ʲôұˡ
ϺǣǸ
žһеĿӣ̧˫ۣһ⿴Ź˼ӣиֳıŷ˵Ϣ
˱ĵĿסˣɵú˼
Ϊڹ˼ǰ⣬ſˮǰ˫ֵһŹ
ӣ˼ҷ飬ȻѾˣսֹ˼ҡ
˵껰ȺĹ˼˷׷񣬿˵źһĴ
ŵɫЦЦǵ˺ǲ
ģΪ˵ﲻô
ǹ˼ҵĳϹ࣬ڹ˼֮ˡ
Ȼ˼Щ˾ʲôǹ˼˶ӵ̬Ҳܿһڹ˼ҵĵλ͡
ʵΪβʱҲٵ˽һЩ˼ҷ飬վǸˣЩ͵Ϳˡ
ྐྵȻìͷתϣΪǸô
˳ǰɡ
һ˫ɢķ࣬˫ȽһŶȣǱҪôжôƺǰΪ˼ҳϵ˷С
һ£ǧ긮ķˣֻ๫ܽҵȫڶΪ˵Ķԡ
һһ䣬Ļصڹլصÿһ˵ĶС
˼̧ͷĿͲĿŷġ
֪ĵݣǧ긮ķˣΣһССķľǷ֦ͷҲɲ˷ˣߣ޸һ̫Ϊ̫һܹٵô
ϵִһ޷ôݵİĶȻԼǧ긮˵ݡ
ģǿκ˴ӵķϲƽϣˣƾ㻹ʸڹլ
Էĵƣɫ˻ȥ
ǰƨǣǴǰ˽ĸϳȥˡ
ιҺ°ء
вķԼ࣬һµı飬ֱ顣
ŮҪҪֵôԣ̫ˡ
վһԵûпڣֻǾԹۡ
ڹͷĶ֮ѡߣڴʱڣڹ˼ʲôˡ
յ˷ģ͵ſϷ
ģ˵ʲô
ָڷĵУŷĹ˵ʲôĵĻ
ûʲôϱ̳ؽҡ
Ļظһĵ񣬶תĿ⣬͹ӡ
λϴү˵㶼һ˲úڼӣϹNɪʲôһƢ۹;ƿݣǹ˼ҲһԱô
ۣ
һ仰ǵдЦȻЦʧ̬һ˼Ǻ˵Ǵʱ뷨
һ˼ҾȻҶԱ˲
ɫ࣬뵽ľȻֱ׵˵ǷһŮӦ˵ڵԻ
Ǳǧ˿İŮӣ˵Ļ˵㡣ְƲƲ죬һĲ⡣

78 һ治Ҫ

ජţ޲ýʬһŽޡ
Ķ豭ǳһڲˮɤӣ˵
˴ү˶ƺΪ˴ү˻ﲻ˵˼ҾΪҽʦҶ󣿡
ζЦŨңķеĲ豭һ˫Xһ࿴ǽһ͸
˴үʱҾɫԾڿҵжϻȷúܣ˼ǲǾҹҴƵҪڷ֮ġ
һҽĿϡƽɵô˵ǰһŮӵĿǽȻǹҲסġ
㣬˵Ҫ
˴үڻɱ˵ҽ
³һ޵ҡҡͷ
˴ү˼ҵƢ֮⣬Ҳá˴үҪҪ˸ƼһҹײӣǵĹײĿһ
ģ
һɤŭǰһƳŷ˹ȥ
ɹڷĵߣôɱ˺
΢һԿϷһʱץס˹µơ
˳ϣǧ긮ˣͬҲǴӵҽʦ
ԶԶԣ˵ûǧ긮ķ˻ǼҴӵҽʦҪһĪоģҸǼҹβ˼ҳϾͳ˳µļ̳й˼ҵȨˡ
ˮñӣΪڶû˸Ҿӵһ
ܰѺڵ˵ɰ׵ģûе˵еģ˹ô
ߣֶλҺҲԼＸ
ԭˣֲһͳҷԭǽ¶˽ɱһû˸ӿ˳ǺóǸͶذ
˼˶֪ڳƤĵҲ׹ȷʵôӼ̳й˼ңǰʱ˼Һ͹೤ĪĹϵ
һݺʵҲ˵˶ȴ˵顣
㣬ݱϣɼģҹа˼
ַŶģ֤Լ޶ģһжǷһ֮ԡ
գһΡ
˼˲סҴԼ˳ͷȥȱС
˴үôˣһСϹ²ĻˣƤ
ۣ
ǹ˼ˣ඼дһϺѪӿ
˭ôղдʵ˵Ļ֮ģҪ˼ȨƿС
˭ô˵¶Ҫɱ˷ĵġ
Ůһ赭дϹ²ĻͰѸղЩƷˣҪҪҪҪ
˵ģ˴ү飬ҪʱĻ˵׼ƨˣʶһҹײĲӣ˴үҪҪĻȥƹ˵˵ۡ
ӣ࡭屧иˣͷѾһܿѪҺӣɼ౻˱ߵıԵͣڴˣҪôǱĸҪôǺͷʯ

˴ү߰ҪҪһȥ͸ϵһ¹ײϰ壬ҪľĻǽ˿ľġ
Ź༲ȥӰŵĶһһµĶţһסһֳŹһokƣģжôǷˡ
ġ
һֱȫԹ۵ŷģ֮£˫Ķı顣
ǵһ֪ĵı£ÿһκԼǲҰܵһ
ΪǷһ̶ˣǽԵһһ䶼ˢ˶ֵ֪
Ϊ˼ȨصĳϣҲҪãû뵽վȻȫȫܸ˷ġ
ʲôǲǺˡ
Ͷء
ĸʱ˿ԼԷĵľ֮⣬ֱôͶصˡ
㣬ŷʮ֮һĹ
ĵЦţǲõЦ˿֣ůָڷĵС
ģһֱô
ĵĿעŷģвŹһ˿һı顣
ᵽһֱʱ򣬹Ŀ׵һĳ֮ɫ
ᰡֱȫأϾҵС
ڹĵдһ仰ⲻ֪仰ȴù˫еɫ΢΢˼֡
Ҫһֱߡ
ԶԶ
뿪լѾˣĺ͹ĵ֮׼ǰá
ѾӦϺͷƤѼԡ
ԶԶأı㿴ͷ˶ڼǰһֻѼӣ֮۵糸˹
Ѿͷˣ
¸¸¸£
ѾͷǶһʱˣզء
¸¸¸¸
ֻ¸ҽеѼӳ÷ӶۡΪ˳Իһ治Ҫˡ

79 λãּ

ƤѼҲϺ͹ա
ĺóԣڶʮһͻŴᣬ¾Բܺ
ζƮɢڼУվȵĵ¯ԱתŻδĴƤѼһԵϺͷζӶ˳
ˣһֻĴƤѼ¯ͷ϶ͰβסƷζĳ嶯õĳ
һСһ⣬Ǳһ꣬һա
׶ѼҲܺóԣñƬõѼ⣬潴˿ζһޣ
ѾͷҪ׶Ѽ
ҲҪԡ
һֻƤѼۿɼٶȱ϶ͷҲ˼
㣬㣬Ϸô࿾ѼûһܱȵѾͷա
޲ڣһĳŷĵĳ֮߳¥ĳӶȲˡ
ǣѾͷպãҽһģҪȻ˼ҹôῴ
ҲĵУ˵ҽ컹м¶Ҫзġ
ѾͷϸҲƲϷϸ죬ϲ쳣

ĺǸɴľܾϿһԵ˲üͷ
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87 һЦ

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88 ڼ

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90 ţٵҪ

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ǣ˳ƽ˾ںе֮С

ճǵļ֣ȥˡ
Ϲϵָ㣬˺С
˼壬Ǵڵµһ׳ֻһǱǮ
ֻҪǮһУʲô챦ʲôϺᣬϹƣֻҪǮжܸڳ
λھһɽׯС
ɽׯ֮бж죬һİɽׯµĺڡ
̾ԾۼڴˣӽпʼܸܿܵĶǴǰδй档
ڶʮһҲֵºеĴڣĹŴºиһֽϢ
ϣǺŮӽ룬ǳûͦˮ顣
ҿǲҪˣ֪˭ôǧӷҵСġ
ǸβתŮˣס
ǲɵⶼţ㿴ϴŵô˵Ǵ͸ĵģǿǲá
һ˵ǧر谮ģŮ˻ĺһȣǰһʱ仹Ҷ˽ء
ҵǾ÷ĲˣҸʱ򿴵·ߵĺ˿ء
ӽпʼıָڱͶԴķĲδ˿ԼģһĿֻһѰҽǡ
ǧ˼ݵʧԶӭ
еСЦݣ̬ȹǰ
ʲôط
ԭǧģ룬ں쳾¥ơ
ĸС˺쳾¥һ㣬쳾¥Ǻеķ糾֮أŮӸķòϸƨɴ󡣡ֲһǧҲҪѰһ

91 

ǧ룬λ
Сͣڷ⣬ֳһƱڿУСסƱһлл
һŮ˶֮УڳϺŮ͵ߵơ
пˡ
Ů欵ЦţбǵߣŵջǷǡ
÷ǸŮӣһǸȡŮˣҪȻһŮӵ֮С
ǧΪ£ȱˮƣеľƿǳ㴼
ǵĻ쳾¥еŮӶžƱ˷ǰȻĵ΢΢š
λúȱƣúġ
л
ûбֳκ֮⣬ӹŮеľƱһ
Ȼ쳾¥ľƱ¥Ҫζٱ
ȻȻӵһˣ˫ȽһŶȣģڣûѰŮӹ¥Ρ
һٶú쳾¥ĹǶԷĵ̬Ȳɵú˼֡
ǧ˺þ
һ˫۾´ŷģһǺʹۻ￴аթĶ֮ŮԶĪҪһ
Ѿ˵Ȥĵ˼
ձǰһЩϢ
˵ţĴӻóһƱҽƱϡ
һƱƱϵӡ֮ʱɫһ١
ôᣡ
ϹеƱ
ѵ˵еģĵĸϹϹҵĵϵС㡣
Ƭ֮ǵɫָҲû˷ŵɵƦϢ
ǧҪʲôϢ֪ģȻᾡܵĸ֮ˡ
ǵĿ⿴ŷģϴŵһľִϣȻ
˵˼Ҵӽ͸˷ģû뵽վȻۼ˴˼ݵ
ľж˾ݣ
ǾԼһܴĴǽĵͿˡ
бҪúõĵһĵˡ
˵ģȻҲЩŹΪ⣬ֻҪ֮˹ڳйԱһЩȤ±ɡ
ЦţЦ޺ǵ޹ЦΪõЦҲĪˡ
ǰ֮عҲµ˷ôԭˡ
ǧԵЩʱ䣬ȥȥ
£뿪˺쳾¥ԭصȴǵĹ
һصڶߣڿУķĴţʱһ쳾¥Ĺ︹ͻȻʹ
ô죬ֲڣĵëַˡ
ۣϾ㣬ۣ
ĵĹɫԽķףͷϲ亹ӿ
ҲҽʦĹŵùңΪɺá
Ǳͷǧˡ
Ͼ֪һЩڷĵ飬֪ҽΣľɲǵòǲأʱʲôɾ͵òʧˡ
ǰΪĹƬ֮ʾ쳾¥ĹȥеҩץһЩҩ
ķҩ󲻾ãĽʹȻࡣ
ǧ˵ҽǸ߳еҩûô档
ɫָģ쳾¥ĹǶڿŷҽã׷Ҫĸǿ没֢Ҫ
õǹķģһһΪ쳾¥ȹ󣬲ŹպҪע⡣
ǧˣ治֪θлźá
һϮɫɴȹŮ͵Цţü֮жǶԷĵл⡣
ϾˣԵ˵βҲҽʦְ
ǧǺˣǺеб٣Ҫǵʲôβ˵ĲȥУͱе̬жôĲˡ
ǣһǽûӿȥлĺܣֲӣƾʲôǡ
ǷŮӣ쳾¥ĹֶԷӡãһһȥ˴˻ϻӡ
ǸôôĸԱΣǽһֺǡ
ǧˣϾ㷽ſŹݣĪҲʶɣ
ҲʶֻǺܾúܾǰһ
ܾúܾǰõʲôʱĶѾˡ
ǻǶʮһ͵ʱܻ֮صʦУʦϲݣСҲͶĿȾѧһЩ
ѾôãͲ֪Ӹεˡ
ǧˣǲĻ͸ǽõһ
ǰǧˣ͸ǽõһɡں쳾¥һڹ֮£ֻٰǰʳָڹݵ֮ϣֻʮָһĶפͣš

92 ٲ֪

ʱʱתʱǧıڣʱ԰ӰȻ
ٰǰʮָңһʦϲġ
ֻǵʱʦΪϲһӣˣȴѾ˷ǡ
ٲ֪⣬ˡ
һڻβĿǰĻ潥ɢ
ع֮ʱǺ쳾¥ȹǺۿҲվԭأƺ˼ʲô
ǧˣ֪ɷӽʲô֡
ŷղŵӽʲô֣ϴܶද˵ȴģڼЩ¡
ˡٲ֪⣬˵˼
ҲʹʦΪʲôǵһӣиӿԵࡣ
ʱʦЦ˵Ժˡ
ֱʦȥֱԽΪ˷ģһ̸ˡʦ˵Ǿ仰Ѿȫʲô˼
ٲ֪⣬ˡ
ظŷķ˵һһ˿ɬЦصڴǣȻ˫ֱȭŷ
̬Ȳǧ˼¡
ˡ
ѹû룬ںǵ̬ΪΣĿҲֻһǿе֪йԱ鱨ѡ
ǧˣЩջȥЩ鱨񣬻ǧ¡
ǹؽһ鱨ϣƴǣջǰ鱨Ҳû˱Ӧý׵ǧƱ
еѾ׼ǵʾ»ͷĻǧ긮
ŷĽʧеӰǵĿ˼֡
Ů̸Ǿֹ͸ŲѰ֮٣ź쳾¥зһ۵ס
һ˵̸Լɫбܲ˵Ϣղŷֳľֹ˲С˵жɶȲϷġ

ϾһߵߣĿǿŷʧķ
ǧѾǲ֮Ͼȴұ֤ǧ֮
˻棿
ǰ˫ۣǱȤˡ
һߣصǧ긮Ѿ磬鷿еķķŴеõļعԱԵ飬һ߿һߺЦš

Цصǧ긮ſСĵЦˣһ㿴ҿȷϰȫ֮ű۾һ˯˹ȥ
Цʲô
İݸոսǧ긮ϤЦ֪ʲô÷Ц˺ˬ
๫ã㿴ˣǸһɴ˾ȻǸ֮ˣŴҶһء
ıΪŴ͢еĹԱûʲôֵھȤ£ˣԴӿⱾŴԱҰʷ֮飬ԡ
֪Ѿһ磬ϼŵ鶺ЦĶӶۡ
๫ҲŷǴ೯͢ĹԱȻ˷ḻ
ҵ˹ЩԱİҰʷһľҪչԼļˣһװûǮôð죡
ҹɫһԱǰ
ŵǲֹĽ븮ۡǴѾ˯ǧ
˯Ūذɣڲż˯
λԼԭ򣬲ǰݵ治ôǾͱˡ
ȿȣ
ɤӣóһƵȣ̯һҳֽֽϵһһš
գ磬ǰϻ¥һǧΪϻ¥ӨһЦ
°գ磬޺ϻ¥Өһö
ʮգٴι˺ϻ¥ӨĿ˴֣ǰҽΡ
ʮһգ硭
һ߶Ż衵Ĺ¼һŶŸд
ȻҺ꾫ȢСҲһֻ۱һֻˣȻüǮȥĺ꾫ϲĽ㡣
ϷҽͣϷĪ֣˲Ҫ
һӵʱ䣬յŻͷ·˳һŷͨһϽ
⻰棿ձδ˾Ǯ˻̼Ĺء
ǧ˷ģٶȻȫ֧֮¡
㶨衣ŵڶȥ衼һ鸮ĴҲرպϡ
ȿȡһΣֽϹ麫˵ġ¼

93 ƾҽţ

麫ˣʮպϻ¥ΪӨ˴֡
Ŀ֮ϼŵĺ˵Ϣһˣԭںϻ¥˴һľǺˣ
ʮգһǧΪӨһЦʫһӨʫ£
źʫʣһı飬ʫʷɧ¶ǣڶʮһ;ǺгĴڣŴ˵ʻǸţ
ȿȣʮʮաһţһŴӺ˸ϴֿ޺ʱ㿴Сܵ˷ǰһƱ֤֮Լһ־͵ǧ긮ֻ
Ͻȥһˡ
һƱÿһŵƱСЦǽһǰһ˵ĸϡ
˺˺˵Ա׼ýǮȺ⣬һĳ֣㽫׼õĻ¸ȫϣתģһǰǧ긮
ӿɽ̣ӿɽ̣
һƱĲǵһξǮĸоˬ
űϰԣѰԬĸۡ⡣
ò˵Ԭûٿֵñϵİԡ
˶Ԭ֣ȻҪʲôүԬΪ׵ĹԱȻǮԼǵİѱ
ιιιԬϽôǧ긮ķ˷ġ
ɤӣȺһ仰ʱԬĴſԬϹܼ˳
ǧˣԬϽ岻ʣͷǧȥڰɡ
ڣ
ϹܼҶһϵоٶݴǲˬôΪΪļֿΪĹԱӦö֧Ĺǣ֮һЫ
ĿϹܼϵһĨǳеĴȡ
ǼԬϽ岻ô
ǧ˵ĻСôƭ㣬Խˡ
ϹֻܼͨǵϽˣȻܲܿǸء
Ϲܼݣҧ촽˼Ƭ֮һϹܼҵǵؽ˽
ǧϽزڴ˼ͣǧ˸̧֡
ǼϽȥñңӦ֪ҵҽϵ͡
Լβܶ˶֪Ȼ˵仰ʱϹܼľٶ˼֡
Ͻںδ
ǧߡ
Ϲܼ֮վŷǰլ
ϽĲѾڶҽʦ޲ˣڿҪҪǰǧ긮ѰҷΪϽһĵĳֻڤڤעõġ
ҡ÷Կɡ
ϹܼҴŷ˺լԺУƿţұ㿴ڴһ԰׵Ԭ
Ŷõʱ䣬ԬѾ
ڻʹ֮ԬʱԬĲ黹ûôأѾԴĵزʱз˲˼ǵ飬ԬĲء
Ԭ˫ۣĿڷĵϣ㲡ֵ˵زеɫԾǲ
İԬһۣҪΪ˾飬ôԬء
ԹԵڴߣһΪԬãû޿ɾҩĵز
ʲôȥԬӭ㡣
Ŷ
һ𣬷ЦţδԬ̬ȣյŶȡ
ϣҽΣȻԬϽӭңҲ߱ˡ
˵ŷվԬܼҵļ
֮׼ùײİɣʶһҹײ̵ϰ壬ҪĻܴۡ
ǧҽԬϽô
ҽʦѾϣµҲ֪ԬϽʱ޶ˣԾ仰ȼϹܼҵϣϾܽ˼ҴӵĲκãҲȻϽĲ顣
ܰԬϽĲ˵СһǼϽƺϣҸҽء
£Ҫ뿪ʱڴϵԬĿ˿ڡ
ƱĲ
һ仰˵˿⻰еİ˿ǳ۳սϽ
عĵĿһ˫ɢһǵӣ۽ǵЦ͸ʮֵðա
ܣһܼ򵥵
ĵʲôԬȻ岻ƶӻûϺͿĵز
ƾʲô㣬㽻ס
ƾΨһһȥˡ
ĵĻ˵ҪôжôĿƾǴΨһһԬ֢֮ҽʦ˶ѡ

94 

ԬĲܼ֣Ҳѡ
ԬĲ֢Ҫڶµʹ˻Ӱ죬ټϲ͹ȺȵļԬһ
ʾϹܼҴӼõнİ֪ΪҲƨƨߵĸ˹˵Ҫôĵġ
ѾͷôҽԬϽϷ˺ַܶ޷ԭڵ缲
ΪϵķõĲԣҩķ㡣
Ľҩڻзţ˲䣬ŨҵҩϢζѬǷ׷ſڱǡ
ϣҴ֣ԬϽ°ˡ
ϣ
ϰԬϽѵϸϸԬϽѨλ֮У󽫷ղҩĻҽȵͿĨڱϡ
ˣ
ϲĿԬϽڷļڿõ𰸡
Ȼ£ֻǵһѡ
İһۣĺҩƲһȥԬϽƤ缲ɢѣֻҩЧ
ԬϽƺ⣬ƽιҩǴɢջۣԬϽƤ¼ѹһҩĶǸҩûз㹻Ч˷á
Ϊ򵥵ĻϽһҽʦΪҩȴЧԭ
һҲ׹һ
أôɵô
ԣҪһʱʱ䣬ȵҩݽƤ缲ܽ⣬ܽеڶ
УԬϽſڴϣϱͿĨ˺ɫҩݻҽȫϸϸĳ룬ĺ϶յĳʳһûһš
ʱһ˫Сƿ˷ţһ޵Ск̽ͷ۾󿴿ҿֱſڴϵԬϽűյĽ뷿䡣
үүүү
Скĺүү֣ԬϽһСк˲両ֳŨŨĴЦ⡣
ĵһֱԬϽЦأΪԬϽÿ춼һء
ôˡ
ſڴϵԬϽĺʹĸƶ֣СкСԬգ۾йˮ
˵үүۣүүүү۲ۣ
СкǶµĴ˴ԬϽôʹ
ԬϽԽЦţȥԼӵͷ˫
үүۣûаʱҩأôô˯
˯ţүүүү
ԬϽСк죬ĺһԿ
ԬϽôɷ˾ȻôµСӣͻ䰡
ĸ̫̾ྪ飬һۼԬϽĸоӹĽëʨлѷһû뵽ô¿˵ĺӣǻͻ仹ʲô
Ȼͻʲô˼ɴӷҲ仰Ҫʲô
ѾͷͲ֪˰ɣԬϽʱĴ֮һ׷ĽԬϽŮӶųţΪԬϽһ۷Ѿ˼
˵ŵ֮£ıʾš
ԬϽСк֮ʱȻСкڵϻԲֹͣ˺ŵԬϽЩҪСкڱĸֹˡ
Ų׼
һɤŭеĹӼɿСкߣСкƽ̯ķڵϡ
ûкôܡ
ŻԬ˵Цôһֹ̾ͣ˺
˫ֽһѹСк࣬ķθҲ׷ӿ˽ȫĸȥˡ
ȥԵҩù
ǱĵĺŵˣҲ֪ǺãջڹܼҵķԸ½Скճҩ
ķθ֮£Ск˺Ԭصһ
ʱڵϻԵк˹˫֮ʱһ˫ǿյӿŷģǵõĴ޲˻вܵһ˿һ˺
˭
ɰ
ɽô
԰Ҿɽ㡣
ĽԵСкһԵ˯ϣӸϡ
СкĿһֱŷģ۾գգͣһ˿Ц⸡ռۡ
ɽ㣬ҽԬƽ˵ֻҪɾͻöóԵĽööĹ£ɽºòá
Ԭƽһ仰÷ĺôɸɵĻҪ¶Ҳϣɳ֡
ɽ㣬ѵ㲻ϲô
û˵ԬƽеˮһӿֶǿСģıжôˡ
εķĻͷһϣʼ硣ɣϷǷһ

95 ˼

ΣΡ
ĿԲҪԺܼթգ˵㻰ԭطڣɱ˲գۿԱ塣
ÿÿһӵʱܴĵһ㣬仹ôɰСк֮ʱĸ
Ǻ˯Ա߸ԬƽμǵĹ£ʯֵɮһ·ȡ·ֱ֣ȡ˴˷澭Ĺ¡
أôˣ
ĽĹ²Ԭƽ񣬾ϺԬϽҲˣͷӵɴ۾ȴŷļ˵ȥ
Է̳ʹߣСƽ֪¸ʲôô
Ԭƽμ¸ʲô
ԬƽСԴ˼Ƭ̣Ļشŷʳ⡣
ҪӭѶϣҪһ¸ҵģԼˡ
ԸƽĻشԬϽ⣬ǽˣеԼӽһسɴ
˭֪ȴҡͷ
ɽ㣬ƽ˵ô
ԬƽŷģϺԬϽˣС˵ûΪηȴҡͷء
¸ǣûкֶ̨кֶ̨ɡ
һ仰£Ԭƽգգ͵۾Ŭ仰˼һԵϺԬϽȴĿ
ʲô
ˣҲˣСҪԹ˯ܳ壬ǿ׳ˡ
ãƽɽĻƽ˯
Ԭƽ˫ֳۣĽëɰĲҪҪģʱ硣
Ԭƽ˯ˣҲʼΪԬҩ
ҩݻҽܽ⣬ԬƤһٻ缲Ѿ˳һֻҪҩͿˣҪϸעҩ
κðĲô
ܡ
ĺֱ˵ĻشԬĻ
Ӧ֪ӵĲ࣬жûĻƽȱܻѾһѵõˡ
ĵĻԬнеһ˿ϣˡ
Ĳ֢Ѿȷˣ˵һܻѾ漣ˣվˡ
˵һ仰ʱԬȫһ𼤶شץסʩ֡
˵Ķģ
ע㣬֪ĻΪɫأҹԬϽ㣬ҿҲ˵ˡ
һ仰ǵԬɫ˼֣һԺĴЦ
Ѿͷ涾ͷվͬһߣͱˡ
ȻƽСɰȱ𣬲ܱ֤ԬҲСɰҵĵ֮±Ȼܻóá
ȱֲڶʮһֻҪ㹻ĽǮҵʵֲͿԻȥûм˵ĿƼҽ豸ܼѪͣǷҲ׵ĳԡ
οĸȾ⣬ԼֵԬƽĲ飬ԵΨһеİ취ԬƽĻȥ
˻棬мɰա
ԬȵҪ֪仰Ǽ١
ô˵ɣȻҲԬϽ㣬๫ͷĹϵΪһҽʦĻһԲһͬʣοһӡ
еԬıϣԭճѪҺѾ˺ܶࡣ
ԬϽҲӦףŪ㷽дѴѵĻᣬһ֪
ĵĻһԵϵͷСѾͷֶΣҪŪԬϽĻѹͲñ˷ʲôߡ
ԬСѾͷƷȻôϷұ֤СѾͷ仰˵ûд
ϣллˡ
ʲôƷôƷܺõĺô
Ҫʲô
Ԭŷģ׷һʼԬΪβĿΪֿ飬Ů˵ĿԶԶֹڴˡ
ҪʲôһûãԬϽʱӦͺãģһԬϽΧ֮ڡ
ԬƽΪԬƽβȫ֮١
ĻûԼҪʲôʱȱţһ뵽һ˵Ҳ١
ԬϽɵı飬һ
İɣҾԲ޸ô
ĽһԬϽļ
ɫ͸ӵڷĵϣĹâһ˫Цݵӿ˯˯Ԭƽ
ӾʹһãڰĻһôҸ顣
һ鱾˻ѽΪãΪҽʦԬϽƲ飬һݴҽϵǣ̫ıϣԬϽҪԼӲźá仰˵˺ܶ⣬ҪһԬؼĵʲô˼򲻵ԬԼˡ

96 Ůװү

һЩ飬ڿһԬƽõҩ֮дһҩ뿪Ԭ
ǸԬҽԬƽջ񣬲ԬǽˣһĿĵ
ݾԲһöԸĽɫүȻô򵥵ͷ
ԷҪһȫӦ֮ߣҪ֤İȫ
˼䣬Ѿ⣬ƺ֪ĵĿģĹܼҹĽ븮ڣ׼˷ʢʳд
ѾҹĸĹܼ鷿
鷿𣬹ܼƿĽȥ
ڵƻĿţֱĵĳŻе鼮һ˿Ц⸡ֶ
ǧҹĪҪ뱾˽᲻ɡ
ү˵Цˣǰүһ־顣
ݹĨǣֱ⡣
ŶôǧΪռ鱨Աвô
ȻûУүеöȻûаѱڱ˵С
֮ǰϸϸĿһ¹ݵһҳֽţֻֽд֣δعκθϢһĻϢҲûС
²ţҪôԺãҪôǸ
ǧ˻ҶǰͲ±Ѻڴô
үĻڱ˽븮ۡʱѺΣг
ĵĴ͸ηЦݣƺܰôһ㡣
ˣ˻ҪлүĻ๫Ķ֮£˵ּͻͽء
һһŭ˷ӿ
Ҫݣڱİݾн鷿֣дþһٶô
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98 Ͼꣿ

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100 Ůܶ

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101 Ҹ

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102 İݴֵܣ

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ӸİһźİݻΪдеķһƤһźг˱һƬƬ
ˣΪкˡ
ĻعͷȥϴƤźƬЦİݡ
ҳźƤһԵôȥƤгƬ
ǺһָİݽһźȥƤп
ߣæĲɿһİڷֻܼܼ÷ĸæҡ
๫ôѲ˻ˣҪͲˣǲˡ
İݣҪƬΡ
ҵ찡ҲҪ
磬ǲַˣˣˣ
ɰҳȥʱʲô⣬ôô𣡡
ĿˣһоȻ򣬿Դİݽ֮ͺսһ߰һƬ˵ﵹæ
ڣڣҪôͳȥҪôͰվһߣô
İôΪȥ޷֤һ㷢ŲҰ
ΪһڣΪڷе㡣

żɴԥİݵĿһڣ˵һˣİݵԴӦ
İݰŹĵۣ߳˳뿪֮ǰİһٶǵ÷ĳըëˡ
ԭϵһһʣҲ֪ȫİݸˡ
ŭյķŲ˵һø飬վڳſڶ԰ķš
İݣڷֵд
ջصеİߴŭ֮һ˫Цݸ
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ˣһҹˣĶһӽ߻ط䣬ڽ뷿֮ǰŲͣ
滹һЩĽӣԼȥų԰ѡ
лˡ
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ŷ񣬵õİݵ׼һ˳ȻϰڷżСԼõӡ
ǰǧ긮ûŮˣǹ껹ǹڶһȺүæţĳΪǧ긮ĸҲδһ¡
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ˣΪз飬һ¡
ȴͦģҪû๫ңͳԷˡ
ĽһûнĩĽӷİǰͶ˵ķſʳָ

ڷĶ֮ʱİץס˷ĵ֣һֻӽز䡣
ΪŮӣĶǡ
ԵĻЦɲ͸¶һӶŮӵ㺣ɷȴǰ˫䱸Ŀİݡ
ڷǼ鼴๫㻵Ŷ
ʲôأԴ͵Ķɶ⡣
תͷʹеӳŵӰһĨ֮ǣҫ۵ĲɫʯȻǴӣԽţʵضһһƷ
ǡǴӣ
ûǴĻӵļ۸ûʮ²ġ
Ȼô˵ȻǲϲΪ˱ǡ
ϲ๫͵Ķϲý
ЦûȥĴΰɣ
еľĶ˭Ҳߡ
๫Ⱦƣľ㡣
õķһƾİݣһƱײ죬ͷһ
һȥƹѲ֮ķֺȶˡ
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˸Ƹߵİߣصһһõģǽһˬ
磬Ҹ˵ãöһôǵڶĵˡ
˵ţǺһƲδ΢΢üͷڶĵˣǷ˿ԸΪһĵ˭

103 ֻΪ

һ˫۰ţ˲İеɫΪΣŵһ˿˿Ҳܲ²⵽ʱ˿̵ӦúĿ˵Ǿ仰
һˣٺ٣
ȶ˵ķĸЦţֱžƺƹȥ
ľˮѰ֮ʱζĶǸʴ˿̵ľˮ͸ŵֻпɬ
ǺܾԶǰˣһ˿˿ѹ
ѹʧ仹ʹǶǰѾֲָоҪôݡ
֪һ飬ָоѾˣȻڻУѾǺܾúܾǰָоˡ
˰ôĽ
˵Īĺҡ
Ҹ磿
ƵЦĻ˻֡
Ҹ磬ҳҸһ޿޵ˣҺܺãûĺҵĻҲڵˡ
ĺңǰֳָǸɫжӣ۷ʲô鶼վԼߣ޲ðؼеһˡ
ɻһ仰ҸһӣĲȥ˺
Ƿ˵Ǻˣ񡣡
İһ˵һ˵֣һֹЦţЦһ˿ҲûС
๫涺ƾҵ۹ܿУҪϲҴ׳鱨ͰŪˡ
˸ã۵׳Ц˿ԼıԼС
๫Ǹ㴵Ҫһ߰ĶңͰ˶ӴĻ¯ˡ
ƾرԸҪǸԭţǴô
ǰʮһΪӶʲôûɱһôë˲ġ
˵Ǹ˰һܡôء
ǰʱ򣬷ϲǸˡ
ǰ˫մѪȣ֪ԼǸˣɾĪҪֻϵЦɢĹâԼ΢ĺ䡣
Ǻ־ٶΪ˱ܡ
ѡ˽ϴ֣ѡΪһͨͨӣպܺǸһͷϣӣƽҲ
ƺһЦˣǸ˵С
ǰһ棬Լеǹڶ׼Ǹ˵࣬ڿ۶һɿ֡
ҲǵԼ˵һ仰Ȼʲôûˣγһֽѣŵ˲ʹģҪһеĳͷ
˫֮ʱǸ˿ˣˣһԸһеĳޡ
һжˡ
ˮһһ˳ۿţھƱھˮ棬ɬĸһеζֻи˲ᡣ
ʱһ˫ظŷĵգİݸǰǰ͸˸ϢŮӡ
⻹һο״̬ķģһĺӡ
ˣᱳΪô
ǽεĻϣô
ûлشİݵ⣬İݡ
Ƭ̵֮İݱ˫ڷĵĴǣһĨ֪Ӧʲôݵĸоըܲϵӿֹȥ
ûлشİݵ⣬İվҲû˵֡
˱˴ӳŶԷӰӣѾ˵˫Ҫ֪Ĵ𰸡
һ
İǰŮ֮ʱͻȻһգԭǺȶ˵ķ˴ˤڵϻ˯˹ȥ
˯ĪķģİݵĿмȴҲҡ
ҷڹؼʱ˯˹ȥԽȼյᷢʲôҲ޷Ԥϵġ
ģǾβתô
İĴӱĵϱ˴ԼҲЬڷĵߣƶ糺ЦͬʱҲλһЩϸڡ
ǣҸĳͷ
ϣţϣ㽡Ļţꡣ
ΪףʱɱңѾס
ǣ˵ǽѣ˫մȾ޾ѪȺ񡣵Ŷȴĥ
޾İû֮С
ǣһν֡
Σ˳ŷĵ۽ǻڳʪһƬ
ڷԵİ֣޳ʳָص۽ǵΣһĨ両ֶ
ǡ
ԵͳŽ֣һĨֶɱ˶еĵ⡣ˣӴԺֻΪһˡ

104 ֵĹʿ

գǧ긮
֮󣬱ǳһ
ϰףһʱҪ߼Ҵ˱˵һãһòͷ
ֵֻͷݡ
һıԼģһǳɫĳȹϰɫĺô멣ǧīһббĹ̶ԺȻһЩһֱС
İ͸ӣΪ˷ĻĻ˸ױ
׼ܺǰ鷿һɫɵסˡ
ô˺ÿɡ
۵һĨ޵ı飬ĺԼİࡣ

˳úÿûޡ
𷣣ְðˡ
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һı飬ʾԼղŵıǷѾð
ԭڿһ֮ʱоǾ֮ɫ
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ǣһΪǵĻ֮ǵóϣվǷģǻ˸ƤҹﻹǸŮˡ
֡
û۵ɫת䣬ߵǰ֣¶һСõЦϹۡ
֡
Ҳһ֣쵽Լǰ˫צӵʱ˷ĵĿˡ
ǧˡ㲻źͱְҪɡ
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֮УԶһͬĿ⿴һ֪ҲȻӲ˵ħץ
˰ɣǶǹˣ򷢵˺ͿˣǺ롣
գڷİвĲ鲻Ը֮£ó˶ʮΪ
лඡ
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ӲİѳһʥҪǹܺӡ
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İݿ˵꣬ǰŮʹǵ뿪鷿ʧвӰ
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ȵ뿪Ž鷿ҪԼ⼸ʮӷ˱Ŀڴ棬ͱŮ˸ѹȥˡ
ȥɡ
εЦţЦоǳζ
ǧ꣬ǽոսյܺѾЩĶߡ
һߣֵĹʿһ㣬뿪ǧ긮ɱĴϡ
ԶԶأ˱㿴һķ羰ߡ
һϮɫӰľŮţĿĵرǼá
еٴһ㣬սսպյĶſڣԽƽĽŲ˲š
ˣ
ˡ
ϣϣ⣬ϲƺ
ˣûڵһӴ·硣
СѾͷݵģ
ѾͷϷҲףЦڳԽԽ
ϰһ˫׵üë˵żĻɫŷ˿и
Ϊһҡ
ĺʲô׵úܡ
ϣϣµһףλ彡˳ԽԽ꣬
ѾͷµһϷҲף³ɡĺһһֳ˵һӵʱ䣬һԺȲϹصһôʶҪ⡣

105 ǰԶ

գϰ޳ϡ
ʮսƷһһ߽ʮƱ˰ĿתϹ
ϷûǮʱԺڼýģϷ
Ϲֱ׵ĺͷ̹ԼһǮûˣɾϿ֤
ͷ֤ϹһĲʣ
壬ɶ壿
ŲӿȥϹһӵ˷С
īɫ巺һ˿˿Ĺ⣬һͼڣͼӦĳȺգǾʲô˼֪
ʵϳˣӦüǮ
ѾͷϷͷСɱȥǮؼʱ̻ܱء
Ϲһ۾Ϳ˷ʲôѾͷȻôϹ峤ݵȥǮǵˡ
ϹӸ˷ģһԵ𾪵ͳϴ󣬺޲ʮһ
ʲôˣϹȻϹݵƽ˷ģѵ˵
üͷ벻ϹôԭʲôϾֻһ֮ʸö壬Ϲ˷ġ
ðɣҾˡ
һΪѵı飬ֽӽ˰棬Ϲ
ӣҪ
ѾͷȻһҪϷ򲻴㿪ɱ䣬Ͱˡ
õĸɣתսլ
Ǯڹլ˵ֽƬӣпޱȵڴš
ˣһ·ϳԳԺȺ֮󣬷ĸʱ˹լ
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֣żļһ㶮ãǽ㳤̫ÿˡ
֣⣬ϲƣ
ɶ
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޳̶ֳ֮ܵˣǳ˷֮ҲҲڶˡ
գ˷һƱҲյȫա
լǱǧ긮ǮСɰСɰˣһӰɱ˹լķУԶԶر㿴һϮɫվ֮£ӰѩеĴһȥ֮УҪǻ
ģȴְ
Ц⣬ڴǣС
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ĺȶһ黹Ҫˡ
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ϲô
ǣŷĵ֣޳ָд֣ǵ÷ͷЩԴ
֡
ƺʲôĴӰзһҪҡ
ŮǴŰĽ֮ģһң˵ҲŮӱͬĺøУҾͿԻȡ׼顣
͸ĵҲûһ˼Ƿ׼˵ġ
еҩϸѡɸҲĲҩ
ĵĲȻһһĺתҪǴʳ֣ҲҪʳסеȸԴ
ԣһҡ
ҩݶĲаĽҷ˹ĵУеңƬ̣һʼҲ˷ĵ⣬ֱеǾͻһ˿Цڴ֮ϣЦиʧ
˼
лġ
˭˭˵ллǼˣҸ
ȶһָĲԤеҪá
Ĳδͣס֮⡣
ģҪô
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Ŷ

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һʧеıӰǰȴ֣ԭһֱԶߴɼ
ġ
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ǧ긮Ůˣİݵӣһİݺ룬ҲûʸΪ˼ҵٷˡ
ֻǡ
ѣҲһῴֺ뷳ء

106 ǿ

ǳһҲǷǮĴӡ
ŰĶĺϵЦݼֱ˻
ԬԬϹܼҹŷ˺ԺҶ̬Ҳࡣ
ǧ룬Ͻ鷿С
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ԬĹܼ鷿ƶͿͷµԬ

һ֮Ԭ㲻ģֱһʱ֮Žе鴦ꡣ
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ĿԬҲδţֱСһԬƽڷߣһ㳶˳½ǡ
ɽԡ
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СҲ֡
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ıԼı飬Ԭ
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ôȥ
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ǮҵǮһ

һһ۸ԬҲǺڵ˼¡
֪ϹΪԬƽҲֻùԹԵĽǮˡ
ҩܶƽЧϷԲŹ㡣
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ţĶǮ뿪Ԭ
ڷ˵Ǹӡ
׵׵ĴƶС
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ɶɶʱɶ
𴲵ķһ±ƣһʺǰϵš
չ磬з˵֡
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ҿ
Ϊ̫аˣûԲ
ĸϽϴһϵɫĳȹԺ󣬻˵ױݣİһǰʹμᡣ
һνһβһĻǵõһνʱԼĺʥһԴϸֽ׹졣
ǴӺδûм
Уһ筺쳤İڷǰеĿŵīɫ֮ϣ۵һ˿⡣
ϸҵģ
Ȼļ򵥣ϵͷԲС
Դϲİ͵ĴϴŹ͵ī壬Ȼ֪ʲôĹܣ˵ܱ
ʹбȻħֺУĳû¶ô
ԣԼбҪһЩ
Ͼ׻˵֮ĲУ֮Ĳޡ
˭֪Ϊ˹˵ķĻˣʲô۶ӵֶΣϾôʱϻʵ϶ĴΪ˵ŮˣĻһа
صڶУĻ˯֮䣬ͣ
³ˡѾ³İǣŷĵ֣һ룬ǰת˱İݱڻС

107 ٴν

ѩ£һƬһƬƮ㡣
һͣڹǰĹԱҾǿİĶˣɫ졣
ϤĳϤζϤˡ
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๫ô˿ţĺúߡ
ĴİݵĻһĨ֬۵ĳ¸Ƕˣ˲
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·Ҳˡ
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İǣ򹬵һҪζһ²ߵۡ
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İݱʾԼģȴǵĳŮۡ
ڴʱ˵гһɫӰѩ֮УǵɫӰˡ
ΪǺˣԭİİķˡ
˫Ϣ֮ݸ˵ĸоһ䡣
иֳĵ٩һڹԱǰˡ
ΪүձȨİΪǧѳֳ˵һԲµͷ
ȻɻһºҲı䲻Ե
κεĻԻƨ¶ԡ
ǿģһҸŮȴҪΪζӡ

ұ
ү
İ˵ʲôһ俪ڡ
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֪ĵ˶һ飬ÿЦԽǲ֮ʱʹҪˡ
ףү֣³ɣ⣬ϲƣ

иɻ
һڳԹϿϷĹԱǶ²ŷĻ˵ʲôʹദǧֿԣҲԲ뵽ľ˵ôһ䲻ű߼ʰ˸ӴŵĻ
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λ˵ЦˣֻԼӵһ£λ˱ˡ
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λ԰֮꣬һһΪλ沿
˷仰ڹټҷǰģŷ˸ְԺͼҳöŵһڹԱǲ⣬ǵôͷ˵ЦģϺ
֣֣ľʲôĵֶԻǷˡ

108 С̳صļı

Ͼǻʼҵᣬһ糿ûʲôķҲҪֳľֹ
ĶƱǳһڱƣ˵ľڿڳ֮䲻ϵĻصţݵ֮ĸײԺ
ʵѵһļ
һһĺţʱ˵ĿⶼһٻӰ˹ȥ
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ȻƤҿԣЩӵҲŴ˻ʵ϶Ȼǿޱȵġ

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ĵȻ֪ԼڻʵĿúִʻݣһжϣС̳عȻ¶ˡ
Ȼʵۿ˵˳λүеľƱĿһ˿Ц⸡֡
žǧ䣬İҴţҲһơ
⻰Ƕİ˵ģĿȴڷĵϡ
ĽһȥϢӿǻһֱ쵽˺ǾˮԭһĨ΢գǷ͸һ˿롣
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ҼϣĵλüΣǲһүһûѣΪֵĻǺǣ
յ鱨ڷҺԺķĲδܹʲô˵黭ˣǴҲǼ
֮֮ǧҪˡ
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˫Ц⾡ǳ磬˿һյľǧĿŷģ޲ý¼еᶼһ㡣
ȻҪȡ裬Ǿ͵ſϷˡ
һ
ʳָңص˶ߣֻڻɬúܣ˼Ц⡣Ƿ

109 ҾҲһ̻

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ʱգ֮䣬ʮָĲңҲָɶеתš
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һ÷ɵĸожеķع鵽ԭʼңع鵽ҡ
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û֪Ļᵯ٣ټ˸߳
ʱʱٵǣÿһ˵࣬ݵĿʼնڷĵϡ
һϮɫĳȹɢĳһĹ̶Ժ󣬿ޱ߷ȴǵױԵñȻ
ģ㾿жǱ֪ġ
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İݰŵеɫֻΪһ˶ЦɱǷġ
թֵƤСӴ̫⡣
ô졣
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һһ֮ʣջ֣˻ͣĻ޷԰Ρ
£׳ˡ
Żʵ۸񣬱صԼλϣȫȻȥʵ߷мıδóѵĺ⡣
С̳أ㶷ҲĶ˭
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ȵĻصλϺһĹδ빬˲Ŵӻþлعһάİݣ˵ʲôǧΣͷһӱǹ˷ġ
Ȼټ˵ãʫҲڻ£ɽչʿԾڴˣòһʫΡ
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Ů˼С˼ǱӦòǣɷŷĵһΪˣҲЩĹҲŷҪʫһס
ǰǧˣҵȷžþòȴ֮Ȼǧʫʸ踳ǾͨҵҲǧʫһף˱ֽī
˵Ԩѧʿͷһ˸֣Ѿ˷ӣҪھܾҲûˡ
ԨͷҪ÷ʫһףҪд
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һһ䣬־䶼͸ų谮üеЦݸǼµš
ֻߵİߡ
һһһһ죬ǰ㿡˶ƺǴһ㣬ΪǴϽ̳ƻһá
ĿѾʵİݣеתţдŵƺйŲ
İѾ壬˿Ҳˣô
İݵлظĵһĨΪŷ˵飬ķ뵱쭡
ֻ֮ľٶüĿ飬Ȼǲеˡ

Ϣ̾һ˼ԺеĿ档
ʫδʫǣѡһ׺أ
漰壬ӳΣָܰĳˡ
ãˣ
ŪɣǴޣɡ¶һ꣬ʤȴ˼ˮΣ̹ȵŹ·ǳʱڳĺĺ
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Ǻ˵ľ֮£һֱ˵ʫʵһڹԱʿǲϲֻ˼ʫףÿһʫƾƷġ̫˾ˡ

110 ˼

׳ˡ
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ڼ䣬ÿһߵĶװϢŨĵıӰˣ֪ʲôеĳЩ˶Ȼ뵽ʱ˿Ůжô͡
صԼϯλϣĿһڻûлعɱʫ𾪵ǣ̧ݸһЦ
ģƾèļҲź
Ȼ˺ܶ໪ǧĻ裬þ֪ʶԽɾ
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۵Ц˿ӱıֳϻǱֳʮֶׯЦݣķĺ޵ֱΪ
ˣ
ˣ
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һһЦš
ˣʫҲˣǷҪѷҲûкʵĽڡ
ձ̳ز¾ͻ᲻Ķɣᰲȡ
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Ŀϵһ鼮ʱеĹâһӾۼ
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Ȼʵһοڵʱ˵Ļȷ˷ĵжϡ
ֻǰʿ˵ֻԵ߲ƽֻеİⱾоǰУ˹ñдֵǷ
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ĶֲϤʮһ͵ĹŴҲиӣͻʵۿеĹӾԲһˡ
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£ѰϷŮӿԲμô
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˵ѰϷȷ˵ǿѧʶͨϷѡδҶһԡ
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ıһΪѰϷԵøۣе롣
ԱҪôǹټӵܣҪôǻӣȻҲУΪΨһһŮѡ֣ǵһвѡʱʱĻͷȥ
֪ΪΣǵĿڷϵһ̣ܸоһʮֺΣյĿⶢǣͷȥŷ־ǧЦſǡ
࣡
İввѡǶջߡ
ǧˣǲΪŮӱ㡣
ްôô棬ҲΪеľǵġ
Ļظ˵һ仰ϡƽȴǳơ
ˣλѡѾϤѰϷĹʱʱޣʱ֮λѡֻıأǴ˴ѰϷʤߡ
ѰϷΪΣֱǹھǾͼھǾĽɽˮֻĽǹӵĲоøˡ
ʼһڲ߷׷뿪δ빬ڷļ뿪δ빬֮ʱİݵһ˽ס
ˡ
ٵĿ֮Уһ筺ɫ˻ģÿһеĳ谮һ֡
˼ͣΪ㡣
ǰİݵ˵ǰŷĵĶͷǾٶĲٴǷ׷ײĿתһֻ̾
ҲǱİݵľٶŪһ㶣ɻعֿ֮ССĵɫӰż⣬ϵİݵա
һڣİݵĲ֮ϡ
๫ʤ£ת뿪δ빬ܿģǵɫӰʧ˰ɫ֮С

111 ޳ܰ޳ܰ

ѰϷ˼ҪѰҵڻʹеı
ʵ۽бֱڻʹеĸλãҪѰҵҪʾһһƽ⡣
յڻʹĹУɫŵĲѡ֣һνı飬˵ѾгȻ˲֪ʤȯյıν⡣
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˵ţ̫ཫô˷ĵϣתȥ
ԭů࣬һĨ֪ůʵ
أЦ⸡ţ쵽۵סһʱʱѾȥˣʵ۵δ빬еȴŽɺðûͨкѰҵ˵һˣһ֮ܽδ빬ϥڵŵһұ֮
˵֡
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ĻȻû˵꣬µ˵˺仰


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ԭɴ˵Ķȷȷʵʵǵһҵ֮ˣ˵ǧɴ֮û½ߣԣĵһ֮Ƿġ
޳ܡ̫޳ˣ
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ȷǷɴ˼ӵıأ
ץлôʣҪ¶ƺûע⵽ĵĿ⣬˵š
ع˵Ļȷʵǧ˴ɴı
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ݺŴ˼ҵĹӣŴ˼Ҷˣǧ˸Ŵ˼Ҷ˿֮ǰҵı˹
飬ôһۡ
һʼͬɴ˹ӵĹԱڷ׷תͶӪԭĲǹ컯ǿȡᣬƽ
ߵɴһ죬ԭ׼˵ڵЩﶼ˻ȥ

ʱڶҲصδ빬ϥڵŵڶĻߡ
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Ŀ֮£˿жԷĵֻһ޳ܣһǲҪ
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ҹôǷĵĶ֣仰ͱĺƭҲţҪ˵ⱦǷҵģڰеֱü
ҵĹڲƭˣһĿ޷Ǻˡ
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ģ޳ܰ࣬Ӻ䵥һӣ㾹ȻҲڲƭ
࣬Ҫ
ʱŴŷ˳ĸԵյķѹͲ֪δ빬ЩôԼġ
ԶһӰ߽ӵеĸ㣬мթ֮ԽŨš
Դ˼ҵĹ亣
亣еֽֽдżűڵķλɾڴʱһصڿտ֮䡣
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㣬˭
ȫë亣ſˮĿ⿴ܿûκӰӣ˵ʹ˺ܶˣЩ˶ԩ꣬ѵйô
亣ĺԩ亣ҵĶҪ㳥
ûУûĶֻԪصĶ
Ŷ
ԭԪ
ǽķһ֮⣬ȵĻҪǰԪΪǿ֮ʱ㿴ԶվŵһӰ
һɫɫӳɫͺŭ
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ģ˱ɵֶλʤ߳ô
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ϵѩߵ߸ˣһ˿¶ȵЦ⹴š֪׷ûнҴô˵ڰӷûʲô

112 Ǿ

ĵһ仰еɫŨ˼֡
һʱ䣬ڴˣ˭ҲûпڴһݳţֱŮĳŻЩĳء
񸾻ҪȥѰұأ㲻㡣
һθ񣬷ͷҲصʧڹľͷ
վԭصĿʧеķģһ˫Ӿܱ鲼ɫҲûкʹǰһ
˭Ҳ֪ԭ򣬷ĸȥ֪
ڹĵֻбء
Ȼһһλصδ빬Ѱҵ֮Ƿģҽοƭ亣ϸĸһ˶Էĵ۳޳ܻ޳ܡ
ǺǣѾͷ޳ܵӻϹ֮ʱķ緶
ԬһˮƣǷһڱƣŽһˮһĵҸĪƣֻǺһСڱ㽫Ʊϡ
Ԭһ仰岻أȴ˫
ԬϿɿ˷Ĵŵ塣
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ԴĽδ빬׼ȷ˵ǽʼע⵽Ѿͷŵ塣
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ʵ˲⡣
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Ԭݣ۵׻һĨ֮ɫ
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ȻԬϽˣҲ˵ʲô
Ԭ˼ˣ֮е֮⡣
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ҲŪ׷Ͼ˶ܣ÷İȻǵĻһʱ䡣

ʱδ빬УŵļĻߣǷġ
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һɫĵۣƮţīɢࡣɢںϣ䵽ӵϣΪ˴ɣɷǵĵ˴ʱתҪȥʲôӣΪȷӾ
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˭
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ԴֿʼЩбһ»õЧãвɢϢȻʳҲ˲þ
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˵Ŀ⿴Žʧеķģ˫еⲻ֪ϲǸǡģǾˡ

113 Ҳϲ

뿪ķĺ˭ڽԼ֣عȥ֮ʱֵʲôҲûз֡
ĪԼĴ
ҡҡͷŵӳ׵׵ʧ˹ľͷֻʣдһԶ̾Ϣ
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һϲҳϲȻǷˡ
ѰϷջʤߣġ
ʵĺĳΪѰϷǼʱ򣬽ǵδ빬еһԼӡ
ô˵Ȱֶλʤ޳ܰ಻Ҫ֮Ψзġ
һӲֵĿ⣬ԵñôȻˡ
õ˹ӵĲоֵõǰɽˮֻĿɵúϲ£졣
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˵ǷģǰŻʵ۵ǰİݵǰΪӵķֱ׵˵仰νȱݣ⻰ҲҪ˵ġ
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ҿʵģƾʲô˵޳ܡ

У
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ԶԶԣǧŮ⡣
ѰϷϵľٶûڹټҷŭõЩ˵Ķ֧֣Ⱥ֮ǵĶǵĵܵܣΡ
ỹڽţҲ鷳ȥǷģۿɫڣҲӽβȵʵۺͷȥ֮һڹԱҲ׷뿪δ빬
ɽ㣬ɽ㣡
δ빬⣬ԶССӰŷķɱ
Сƽ
ĶǵССӰһ˸
ôˣôûء
ŻǿɰĽƽԬƽСǵԬϽ
ɷѹûԬԾɱԬƽ
ƽʮˣ˵ɽҲڣƽˡ
ԣǲˣ׽һڡ
һԬƽݺݵһڷĵϣҪԬƽСʱȴͻȻо˻һա
ˣԬСүվӣĪԽ졣
İԬƽ½ǣСһڰУԬæǰԬƽ˹İݰӵȥ
ԬϽĿµŭİݣһ˸һСӼƽʲôǲ
ɽ㣬
ԬƽԬڣҪıƫƫİݸڶм䣬Ԭƽ˻ȥŸһί
ǻˣƽϲ㡣
ˣҲϲ㡣
š
۾˻ǶϹˣ
ǧ꾹ȻһӶҪҪôĳ
ߣƽǲϲ㣬үүҲϲԬƽСָİݣԬƽԬϽƽĺ󱳣ԼСӵ
үүҲϲߣүүȥԺóԵġ
ԬԬƽ뿪ˣڻеԬƽŷĻ˻֣ŷļһһЩȥԬ
һٶһڹԱһ㶡
֪ԬϽүͬһӪˣ;ǧǵжԡ
ǾǧķˣǾǧӪˣҷôҵһжͷйأͶˡ
ԬϽƺͷĵĹϵԬСӸճŷģɷǧ긮˰
ϵеңЩˣ˭ܸһۡ
ѵ
Ҹ˵ǰҿЦĴԬԬϽճŷģ˵Ļ᲻ԬϽĳһȡ
пܣ˵ԬϽĳԴӴȥ֮һֱһ˴źӣ⺢ϲģĪʲôϵ
˵ǧүҲǹĵģĲǾβתСкħơ
ֲ÷ܹˣһʵģʫҲƿҪǷĹҵĻҹҲѳֲס
һһ۷׷׵ĻﲻϵػصڷĺİݵĶߡ
һ޲ðȺ˵Զڳι
ôʲôʱֺԬĶһˣģӾҲôѣ
ЦʲôЦôһİݣһӺݺݵİݵĸǵİЦ쳹ʣ

114 С

һ£Ŀڻʹ
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鷿УڹϸϸоаӵĲо
ȻЩֻɬ֣Žǰ벿ӲоĻһԼĶкܶµĿ
鷿һ飬ʱ򣬷ǰѯϹڹӲоϵļ֮
Ͽ˿ֱʾԼҲǺƺʲôط֣飬֮֮ġ
һʣĻصǧ긮
ǰŸոջصǧ긮ʱ򣬱㿴ǧ긮һŷۺ쳤ŮҪɱֻӡ
СЩˣǧ긮ôЩ
С㡭Щǧ˵ĳ
δжһЩǷĵĳǸʱദҲͼֻ˸顣
СŮһҲɵø
Щ˾ȻҷСĻСǰЩ˾ˡ
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һ˫˪鲼ڿ֮ʱһҲֻɷڿĵʱ׷׳˹
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ء
أ
ֻصĽţһƺںͷĸ״˵ǸŮжôôĿɶ񣬻ҪǶˡ
˭ǧ긮ʲô
仰Ƿ˵ģǷŮԡ
ıʵһ㶣һ˫գգͶЦ
˭õô㣬ǧ긮ô׼һëͷСѾͷҡ
һԼ˽ëͷСѾͷŭգֱ̧Ҫһƴڷĵϡ
֪Ůˣǧ긮δŮˣ㾹Ȼô˵
ۿһƼڷĵϣ鼱֮һǰΪĵһơ
С㣬λǧ긮ˡ
һѪۣɼжôĺܶࡣ
ƺѹͲԼһƴ˭ϣ˵ĻȻЦ
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һİ𣬷һƺĴϣͻһƽֱµˡ
˸һ˵˻Ļᡣ
ģôĵӣ㾹ȻҴҡ
գзӿĺ޲ýĴж˿飬£ֱ㳯ŷĳ˹ñסˡ
ңСҪúõسͷһŮˣ֪˭ǧ긮Ůˡ
СϢŭ
ȥֻһ仰СϢŭ
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ȻҲϲС㣬ȻСС͸ǧߡ
ūŷſС㡣
Žſ
£ǧ긮Žſ
һΪѵŽ˿ģŷĵϥ
ˣССǧߣçײǳײ˷ˣ˴˲С˹
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ž
һƴϣҿӡʺ쳣
ӣִңСƴˡ
ž
ǰһεһƴϣ۵׵ĺԭҪǰŲһ٣ĵ׺ⲻϵӿֶ
顣
Ž벻ףŮˣΪСͺûӵҰһֱײûпǧܲˬô
ãããһ۸СǰɣСȥİݸ硣
˵ţ˦ֱ㳯鷿ķȥ˭֪ȴӭĵĳЦ
๫û³λʲôȥʹǰŰɡ
£ת鷿ȥ֮ʱԸǧ긮ܲãϣκ˴š
κָ˭ǧ긮ˣΪС룬ǾԲС㿿鷿벽
ڷֻҡŷ˶ë׵ƨɱӵĿһתͷʧǧ긮ǰԺ
ģСţ
ŽʧеķģĽкصǧ긮ǵһ۵ײϲ֮Ũš
ϵʱİݻصǧ긮鷿мǱӲоʱ𣬿鿴ķĲδоĨԽӰ

115 

һ׵Ӱߣڿķĸܵ˿˿⣬̧ͷȥӭİ˫ۡ
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ڿʲô
ص鷿Уİпڴһĳš
ӵİֲоѰϷϵġ
Ľ벿оķҳչʾİݿ˵벿оԬϽ
ˣɽˮҿһ£ɽˮƺһкص󷨣Ҷо֮١
ָָǽϵɽˮʵ˵ǰĻܡ
õ֮Ŀһ£Ȼȥֻͨͨɽˮϸоѷ֣ɽˮежнġʦĻȻһ۾ͻῴɽˮеİأϧֻʦѧɱ˵ķӣδѧЩŶݼֻ֮ʦĶĿȾ֮¿Ƥë̫µĵط
ˡ
İݵĿŷĵ߿ȥɽˮʱ򣬵еĹâԽ
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ֻǾɽˮжߣδ͸ʲôҪ͸аأҪһŶݼа֮оһ
ĸİݻдŵʲô˼Ҳûģ簲ֵַĿⱾӲоý⿪Ķء
ˡ
ĵİߣؾĵĳС
˽鲻á
ûаõĺܣ๫ôôʡ
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ĪڳԴס
ǺǣҳԴף๫ῪЦҲŲǸʲôĴףһСѾͷˣƾʲôԴס
Цţһ仰Լ⣬⻰ôôζÿһÿһ仰͸һɴ˴̳ӵζ
ĪҪСΪߣΪֻã˶ѡ
ã
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๫ıӦùʣλСƺԳǧ긮δŮˡ
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˸ģ
ԽԽѹסŭĴӿûơ
๫֪ôСѾͷƬӾȻҪҵĳˣô
ǣ˽ѵǣΪȻ
˲ըëˣİϵЦǰůиˡ
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ˣҿôҸûô
úúãû˴ȣؿŮӣΪҪ֡
ʱ˿̵İݾһѰѰķںԼСӣǾֹжôˡ
û
ţûΪˣɫ˷ϢɡΪ۵ġ
žС죬İݺ޲ѹȥݺݵһջסĵ׵ĳ嶯Ļص԰ǧİ֮߶߶ͣŮӲ˯ȥ
ģΪΪξǲء
ʳָ˳ŷĵղϵ߮ţİеİޱر
ֻеȷ˯ˣؼֻ˵ʱŻὫĵ׻ѹŵкޱͷš
ġ
һЩʱ䡣
ȵе鶼䶨֮
úõس㣬㣬ѹֺޱرš
㣬۷ʲô飬رҲֻߡ
׼롣
˯лüͷСİָḧţһĨǳƽΪűӣӵ߷Ľ롣
ա
ķΪİ糿˽ҩص˯Ż
Ѱ֮ʱĵӣȴоһ䣬ͻȻֵĴ̶˫ۡ
Ůô˯İݸĴϣҹ
֪ʱ԰еһƿ˷ϵıӣŷıʹקš
ɭϢ۵ܶĻһӣһǿ˦

һ֣͸޵ı֮
֪ĵжôأǧүҲδ˯ѵķġ
ӣСİݸĴϹŷĵĶĤһ˫ķѰǵ̶ȥ

116 ɱ

ӣ˭׼˯İݸĴϣ
˵ţһǰҪĴӴקɸһ㱻еĺâ壬ŵһҲǰ
һλᡣ
Ŀֱ˳ѵŭѾռǣһᷢʲôԼ
Ů⡣
вС㣬Ҹ㣬ǧΣһİݸҲδǧ긮ˡ
׳ŵӣҲֱ֪ŷģɲһӱηηһ
бңһİݸɱңʱƾôʹúĹҲ޷ǧ긮
ҼԲеģûôԲеġ
ʱڴϵķѾ˫ŲڱĵϣһһĳȥÿһϢԽŨš
Ȼҳȫ㡣
ɱ˶Է˵һټ򵥲ˣеûҲǧһһ١
㡭Ҫʲô߿
ŲƽķģȥǱǽѾ޿ˡ
߿ſң
ѾƵǣۿžҪĲӣؼʱ̣ĳֽ˻
ǧŭС㻹С£ĪҪСһʶ
ۿŷɱ⣬Ҳֻһҧһĺڶ֮䡣
ǧˣϢŭ
֣ԭһӿ
ģ㲻ҪɱˣбС㣬ǧ긮Ůһ㣬Ҳİݸ絽ˣһİݸຢӣǧ긮ûκελ
ӣһ̫ô
Цݴ۽ɢߣĵĿͬһ뿴
İݸŲǡ
С㡣
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ҲԼղŵĻЩ˴еɫҲѣеĴƵ˷ĵϡ
ӣҪżô˵˻ϳȥ
飡
һƻŻȥŷ
ǧ˲С˹СֱСһΡ
ɱڷУѹ޷Ϣ
Ƭ֮󣬵֮ʱ³һ
²Ϊ
лǧˡ
һ񣬿ŻԹȥ뿪԰
Ŀ⿴ʧеӰ۵һĨɫ޷

糿÷ȫȻû˯⣬ϴ
;ۼһڹټҷˣڷĵȺڴˣΪľһԷ˵ǸνĤ
֮󣬷Ÿλˣڽټټҷ˾
֮أĺϰһһΪɶзһЩƷ
£Դзۺ߹ӮϰҲˬشӦˣҰշĵķԸĺլĽܰʵĸ֡
ȻЩ죬ȴһֱԼС
ټҷڹϣĽõĤһͿĨиλ˵ϣҵѬ㣬

ĳ˻֣ʾԼЩҪæ
ǧˣôˣ
һȹʮߵǰ۽һ֣ĵһһģҪǸһȢ
ʱɷԼһ֧Ҳһָεˡ
Ҹһ֣λȻںк쳾¥ӪҲΪ˵ܵܲų壬ǹɣҲҪô
˵ıϾ飬쳾¥ӪվǳԸഺϾܵҪҩһӵ飬ҩܹ
˵̾ĵطʮΣգҪ󣬷ı˸˳ˮϾ
ǧƼԷģһȫƾǧ
ǾͶлˡ
ĺƵЦţһεĤ֮󣬱λټҷ˲ȥͿĨĤ
Ȼһϰ۵úܣһټҷǽһЦտ
ǧԺ󱾷һ⡣
ҲˣĤЧú棬˲پͣ˿ȥо˲١
ǰǧ˺
лλˣٴζлλˡ
ЧǲģҲһһչԼҰǮǸöԺ뿪ҲҪõǮ

117 Сƨը

صǧ긮ѾϵˣǰŸջص鷿У㿴ӴҡڵߵǰһĨزȫ˽糿顣
űС·
£鷿Уüëһ۵һĨŭ⸡ֶ
Ů治֪ôдˡ
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һصڷĵĶߣƺһſӼһιİߡ
İݸ磬һô
һйҪ
İû̧ͷרעæеĹģתߵİߣһ˫㺿Լϲ˶ˡ
İݸ磬㶼æһҪϢһ²źãΪİݸר⣬ͳһɡ
ǰ๫ͳһɣһΪǧ긮ķ˻๫ɥġ
ĲڹϿŹӲоʱ˿̵ûκȥоκһ֣ŶİݵĶԻ
У
İݸһôרΪģŻ
Ƕĵ˲ҪҪģҲĺʺһζԡ
Ĵţƣ֮£İݵĿζѾ굽һµľ磬ƽЩ߰ĺڰԿۣһ̺ʺûʲôĲˡ
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ģб˵һΣİݸ㿴㿴ң
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ģ㾹ȻǴ
ǡ๫ˣԼϵģʲôû˵
Цĸǲã򵥵ļ仰㽫ǵ첱Ӵ֣һߣӺͷĴһܵͷ
İݸ磬ң㲻ˣôô
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İݿ˵һ˻Ȩ
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ڶ˵ԼǴ๫֤ҿû˵
˵δǧ긮ˣ˼ҲͬĿǰΪֹǧ긮ķҷģûеͷӦ֮ǰ๫ǲ檵ģĹȥǧ긮ûλá
һ˵һЦŨҡ
ô
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Ϊǧ긮Ůˣ˷Ȱһ仰ûǽͱһ쵽ԼΪǧ긮ˣҲʲôʸǧ긮δŮˡ
һһ䣬˵ҪڻؾҲû˿ĻᡣƽƨըһĿ˷ӿ˳ò͸޵Ϻūϱ˼ҷ˶󣬻Ÿһ쵽Լδǧ긮Ůˣͨɣѩ
ʱô˼ˡ
ۣ
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һʼǻķĻᶯСвþڰܵ׼ԷŪС㡣
ڿѾûҪˣľ㲻Ҳ˵С㣬Ǽţ
ȻƿԵɫź۵һ˳ǿŵ˯˵ֻĴܣΪʲôħֽˡ
㿴㣬˵Ҫʲôδǧ긮ˣͿ޷˲ˣ֪ƸУ֪ĻΪרŵɥء
㡭ġ㡭
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Ļ˹ȥһǱĻ˹ȥ
ȻſڹϵķıʾԼû˵񫣬һ۵زѵһתȥеĹӲо
㱾»ʡʡɣؼҳȥɣ
ȫȫѹķȣСӱжôĸˡ
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¶
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£һĨıϮԵϮŷĵ˫ռʮƺʾȨ
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ͨͨ

118 ķ˭Ҷ

ҵϵػصԺУĸŷĴʱ˿롣
һĨиײ飬ȫɵý
źԽĳأ֮ҲԽ
ôȥһתĺ
ǣһΣĶ֮С
ͨ
͵һƿİݣ˲䣬һѪӿӿ
ۣ
ˡ
һƬĿĵĺɫİݼĻصߡ
ѵǶطô
ۣ
ҵʹ֫ٺգ֮䣬Ķͷϱһһ亹
ҵʹȫĥŷġ
ʱ˿̵ԹȥȨûУǶݵĻԣҲᱻʹĥѹ
ȥϣ
ǣǧꡣ
õ뿪ǧ긮ϻصǧ긮Ѿǰʱ֮ˡ
һǧ긮ĻϹ
ڴţʹʹɫ쳣ɷף˾ġ
ˣΪһֱߡ
صÿһ˶ߣİݽŷĵһֻ֣յ̹ȻȫȻʧʱ˿̵İȫȫѰɷûа˿д˶ӵĵǡ
ϹŻ׵üͷһİݣߵĻʼû˵ڡ
ϡ
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Ѫɫ촽΢΢ţ϶͸ʹ
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á
գϴӦˣշĵָʾһһĴڡ
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֣͸İ޾ĵǣȲѯŷĵĲ顣
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İݻǷģ֮ѾڶԷ˱˴ˡ
ҲΪĻˡ
Ĺƣһ˹ƶһһһҧ˫Ƕ飬Ǳ
ԷĲŻʹȥȨҲûС
İַ̧ܸ˷ģ÷ĹԼһڡ
СӣϷ֪ݾΪΣҲ֪㾿ʲôһȵı£ϷŮɲˡ
һϹվĻϹ壬ǶԷõѡû֮һ
Ϲ׼ǰҪ߷ĵʱڷߵİֹϹ
СӣƾҲסϷ򣿡
˫Ĺâһ˿ɱ⡣
Ϲ˵鲻κθı䣬ǰȨ㳯Ұľǧ꣬Σ
ģģİݻعһ˫иֳŨҵĺ⣬ƽḹڵļ鳼ˡ
Ϲķ˵߾ʹߵġ
Ũҵѹİݵϱŷü֮оµİ˸׳Ƴ
ǿڷУɵϹҪ֮ʱȴһâסˡ
ǡ
ǰ߷ĵϹͣ˽ŲԭſϢ˲
ôܣ
ϹĿֱİŵһ֮ϣþòܻ
£ķаš
İһĻﲻκɣϹҵ峤Ϲ
Ƭ̣գϹҡҡͷһ뿪ǧ긮
뿪ǧ긮ǲĿϹ߹֣Ϲҵ峤һ̾Ϊʲôԭ˲ǹغСѾͷĴ¶
ϸ磬ղôˣǻİߣȻܵ޾ʹġ
ϵܣ
ֱһ̲ŻعϹͣס˽Ųعǧ긮ķеĳɫƺǧﶼ˵֡
֪ϹҵһǶǵĻص϶ߣϲԡ

119 ׯε

ϹҲ뵽ϹǸˣİݾǸˡ
ϸ磬ϵһǲס
һ׵ģȥɣ
Ϲ˵һһ룬һĨεЦӦ۵ס
ˣһп顣
·һжڤڤע˵顣
ܵҪⷢ黹ǳǰ
׷Ϊɱǵˡ
һߣǧ긮еķڴϻԲѣʱİݽһöҩ͵С
ҩĹơ
ˣԶΪߡ
޳ʳָعŷĵգڵ۵ס
ϣԼ˷ġ
թڵƤʱʱᣬʱ͸źϢŮˡ
ˣΪһ϶㣬һӵ顣
ѣصתĶҪԶԶߡ
˯зĲ֪緢ʲô顣
еһλصһƬɫĻ֮С
һž޴Ļ֮£Ʈİɫ֮УĿһˡ
һɫϴһɫ۾򣬶ڿʱ򣬲һе˹ıڻС
ģģġ
һһĽŷĵ֣ҪӡԺ֮С
ǣ
ңģǽǣ
ǽӵ߷뻳̰á
ǺǣôС
³һǱڻеķƿһ
опյ̧ͷĿ⿴ŷ֮ʱǰ˫Ҳ͸ű֮⡣
ģ֪ˣҰ㣬ߺôһȥ
ʲôȥ
һ˺һ㿪ǵ֣Ŀ
ɾڴʱһɲ֪ݵţʲôһҪ뿪ʲôطԶ뿪
ԣһȥûҲҴˣ֪Ұ㣬һȥһ㡣
ŷϵǸֻоԼ屻ǿţѾƮ˰֮С
ХţɫĻ䲻ϵΧߣļ
ҲߣҲҪȥ
ģһλᣬһҵĽе㣬Ұ㣬İ㣡
ûз֣ץס͸һ˳һŰ׹Ĵȥ
סķڽǵǣ֮Ʈǵ׹ţԽǿ׹ĴţԽ͸
Ҫ
ҲҪȥ
ҲҪ
ĵŭص֮䣬תŵİɫķ׷š
ʱԭŷĵȻʧѾߵ׹ǰĽͣ˽ŲǵͣͲǰӰ
ģİ㣬һλᣬһҲãһȥô
΢ĽǺ˫ۣеѶϣ֪ԼҲûκλˡ
ǣİŷġ
ֱȥһ̣׹
ҲΨһһλܼģص档
һУѾˡ
ģԲ𡣡
ǧ㼯Уڰ׹֮뽭ʧһ̣һԲصڰɫ֮䡣
Ļ˵ϣһָֻƽ·𷽲ŵһдδ

һ̾Ϣ˷ƺڲ⣬Ϊѡ
˭
ģΪβ뽭뿪
һƢ֮
ѭͷȥֻһɫ۵ӳС
һɫۣǧīɢ࣬Ʈţһɷ˵ϢΧߡ
㣿Ҽǵ㣬ڽҡ
Ŀǰŵ۵ӣȻղδ˵ĳ࣬ȷϣǰ˾սˡ
˳༫信һ˫͸ų䷲׵ĴһϢ֮·ֻԶԶۿ¡
ģ֪һλᣬ㽫Ҳزȥˡ
˿ŷΪβ뿪صԼйǰ
˵ĻΧڶߣһĵס
ЦţЦǰ㴿ش˵⡣
ǰ̣ǰˣǷģǰ塣
㰮İݡ
˼һ仰ȫԭ
ˣһж
һ̾Ϣصؼ䡣
£ӵӰʧɢ
վ޷ı䡣
߾ܵҪ䶯˵Ĺɻ޷쿹⡣

㻹ûиΪξҡ
ʲô֡
ĺŵӣ˾ƾʧһ㣬Ψһ仰صڶϾþòɢһƶ֪֡

120 ȫ

һƶ֪֡
һʲôʱ
кööҪʳڡ
Ϊʲôǻ֡
ΪʲôղһָоֻҪԼ̤һɫĴűҲزˡ
ΪʲôһжΪʲô
ĵûܸΪһƬɫĻУֻһ˾վԭء
֪˶á
һ죬죬죬һꡣ
ֻзԼ֮УİĹ¶
ڻ֮£Ľ˯˹ȥ
ǱĺӣǹµӰ
ʱһӰڵ˹âڷĵ
Ӱδѱ˫۵ķģߣůĻڻС
˭
Ǹˡ
Ϥĸо÷ĵ쳣İȡ
Ŷ
ԭˡ
Ц⣬ڴǣĹ¼ŵĽһĨʵ
ա
ڷĵϣ˫ۣڵŴ۵⡣
վǻ˹
԰׵Ц⸡ڴǣĵĿתһ΢ЦԼˡ
Щƺػܶҹ
๫˯˶ã
˯ãΪڷ߶á
ϸİ֣޳ָظŷĵա
һ仰£ҲûпڣǱ˴˿ţжӡŶԷӰӡ
Ǵʱʤһܰڶ֮䣬ԽŨţ˲ȥƻ
ȷ´ʱѾˣ֪Լ˯˶ãֻȫ
򵥵سһЩ࣬İݵͬ˼á
ˣΪ빬֮㡣
á
Ц⣬ڴϡ
Ŀİݵȥعʱ򣬱㿴Ϻɫ
ôѹ
Ĳ԰׵Ц˼ۣСѾͷ˶ôڻҪǿջЦܲô
ѾͷȰҩ˰ɡ
ǧ긮ǰͨҪãľ׼̲ҩ
֪Ѿͷ¿࣬׼Ϻõ۽
ȣţԺһ۽
Ķҩ룬ɬҩ֭һںȥǹӳǵζüͷһ۽֮ŸоͷĴڡ
ÿࡣ
֪ˣôͲŵ㡣
ϻлҲ˵ʲôֻЦЦ
Ѿͷһ仰Ĵǧ긮ô
ȷһ·뷨˶֪ѾͷôģǲԿ˵Ǿ仰ϸ綼ĵġ
Ͼ˭Ҳ÷Σյĵط
ϸ罫ϹԵ彻˷ģҲҪŷĻصϹڣȴͻȻôһ飬ʵǴ˴ֲ
ʱǧ긮ɣοĶҩûȫô
һڣǧ긮ĽڣϺô᲻֪룬Ĳ˷ĵĻ
ѾͷƭǣǧѪιʱĹƱѾⶾˣڵʱûзʲô⡣
̾һϼ˵ȥΪһСĳΪһĵԼŮүүϾԼбҪͷĺúõ˵һ˵顣
˾ߡ
ǧǸΣյˣȻĹƽⶾˣһûǣ뿪ǣĶҩϷϸҲ뾡취ġ
ϣϣ
һĨº͵ЦݸڴǣĽϺϵ֡
֪֪ϺǹԼŻô˵ܿģĺܿģһԼˡ
ɼĹƽ⿪Σƶһʱըһ㣬ʱضᱬʱҪԵһвɶ٣ӵ⡣
ҲףԼýھܴһΪĳһССаˡ
ɡڲ뿪
ŷĵɫ֪Լ׼˵Ļù̾һ
ѾͷЩϷ˵Ӧ֪һԾǧ궯ģĹƼⶾˣ⸱õǣ֮»һշصĶʱ򣬾ǴҲˡ
Ĺʲô˶˽⣬һĹƵĹƶ⿪ˣһһÿÿ֮ʱ
Ĺڣָøûκΰ취ܹ˵һ޾ĥһˡ
ǴһʼˣΪѾͷᰮϾǧ꣬ǧҲᰮϷġǣȫȫˡ

121 С޲ֱ

ϣϣ֪ô
һΣЦݹڴǣۡ
Ҳֿ޿Ѱ˱ӻŮˣһһе鶼ҵļƻ֮УҲҪ뿪ʱˣ׵׵뿪
ĵĻϺԵһ˿˶Էһ۾ҡҡͷ
ˣʲôʱ߾͸һ
ˣϵһ仰ֹ⡣
ɫȫ֮ǰӻʹлİýӷĻظ
ǰŽԶȥϻǲϹҹ顣
ϸ磬ǧʵݾʲô
ļǵϹϵıݡ
ϹԸ˵ֻʲôΪ𺳵Żþﵽ˾ŵĳ̶ȡ
ΪϹ峤Ϊ߹ϵĸ֣ݺὭһĻʵǰϹΪλֱ飬еҪ֪
ϹĿǿŽʧеĿƺ͸ڳеˡ
ϵܣЩ鲢ڿ˵ġ
һ仰£Ϲתص˼ã֮УƺϹ̾ϢԼһĪô
һߣصǧ긮ķİݵĻ˯˹ȥѾ˯ô죬ɻ˯
Żг˯Ůӣİݸǽӵ뻳С
˯ɣˡ
գ鷿
鷿пŹӲоҪҳڶصĽⶾԼĹƸõ֢֮
ˣһƬҳϿ˹ĹƵļء
дҪĹƹƶķΨһķӱһηĹơ
أ
ڿķüͷһ壬ֿ̧ȥһĺߴ쵽ǰĹƹƶ⿪֮󣬺Ѿʧˣһγ޷˵һ顣
ԼԵʱİֽĹιڡ
εҡҡͷ³һڻ֮
ǲϲĿǰ˵Ψһеķӡ
İݵʱ׶Ĵ̹ǵʹҲǣصķ
Ϻǣôûء
һ̶صڶߣķĲδǰҲרעĿŹӲо֡
ģС˵أô
ûԼǰֱҪץסΪʲôûš
ûģͻȻڶ֮䣬赲ĽŲ
С㣬ھУͷС뿪鷿
뿪鷿
ĸֵļ˵ĶĤķıһŵüͷ۵׻һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ūžȻñС뿪鷿ǸūţСӡ
ô֪ǧ긮ūš
һص鷿Уûлȴ˾ĵһô㻹ΪԼǧ긮ˣ˵ļѹңЦС㣬һǧ˿ĳӣҪİݸ绹еãôǧ긮ǲ
ôûȥ
һŷģʱѹŵŭһԵȫй˳
ʱİݸϳػڷĵߣ뿴İݸһҲûᡣ
ˣ
Ƿ˸Ĺ
С㣬뿪鷿
ۼŷϵĺԽŨţ֪鲻õץסĸ첲鷿˭֪һƣһҪӲӲļơ
ūÿ
žһƣһƴϣ۵һ˫ȭмǧϲɻǰһס
ϾСǧߣĵΪ˾ǧ
һĶ飬ҲСǧ긮С
С㣬뿪鷿
¡
Ľ֣ʾ˷Ѵ࣬ЩҪĻһ̺ˡ
ǧˣС㻹ССһ
ģɱ
ĻеĹӲоӹߵǰһ˫͸ź¶Цͬһ
ž
һƴϣδü㣬һ˿Ѫ
ž
ڶһȥϡ
һ׻Ӧò֪̽㡣
ž
ž
žҿһһƴϣѪ㲻ϵطţ˴ĿģһԵҲûڵһʱȥֹ֪зִ磬ֻǲĿǾ
׻
ž
Ѿٰ֪ƴСϣˬ˵ķĻջ֣ЦŨ˼֡׻нС޲ֱ˲ౡ

122 Ե

ͱĿͣﻹ˵ʲô
лǧСһ
ȥɣ´οãҧ˵Ļ˻һðι
Ĳصϼе鼮
ɾôһ֣Ҳû˿ȥԺлջξ˵顣
У˽ǡ
εµ۵ˡ
εֵĻεһЩ˷˼顣
һеξôʵƺֻҪͽ̤ǵ׹֮űҲزˡ
һУվǸΰѡ
ֻǲ֪ǵׯܻׯε
˿˿Ц⸡ڴǣһ˿֮Ϯĸűڹ˯˹ȥ
ֱİݴӳй鷿֮ʱ㿴ڹ˯ȥķġ
ǰǰ˯գİݵͷŷĵĶͷԭ˯еŮ˫ۣһ˫͸ã˯ӿŷŴǰĿ壬һʱ䣬ôؿš
ڿʲô
еЦݱ鲼ӣʵУûյأֻһŮ˵ʱӵС
纣ķǧǳתĵۣ΢΢ſҪ˵ʲôûпڡ
İݣĹƵĸоʹأԼûʲôо
Լģڲ֪֮䣬ǰڼթеļ鳼Ѿ߽С
ãˣ
ãˡ
İݣǲǶһĸо
գеĻﶼͣڴ˻ȥ
˵ʲô
ûʲô
Цţ͸˿˿ƵЦ⹴ڴǣĲ֪ôʳ⣬Բ˵ˡʮԪѽڣԴ֮ķĺٳ߶ɽʮ壬иָƻ̻ǵ÷ĵֱǧīǧˣ
İ׼ŷĳ
ҹɫĴͼμǣָĻһһŵԶ
ͬĻ˿ۻңϴߵķֵͬĹʿȺ֮С
һһʱĻŹʱҪѹǮʲôʲôǳµıͷһС۵׾ɰĴڡ
֪䣬Ⱥһ֮ϣǵѩڵʱġ
۵ϵԭλø
ͷּˡ
ϵǰϵǲĿǰߵŮӡ
λˣҪԻǲ⼪أ
ժϵߣںȲϵһڲˮȫ˳ڷļʱûбϵĲˮһ
ôҲô㵰ѡ
㡣
ϵԷżΪ̵ӡ󣬵һν춯أȫû뵽ʱ֮󻹻
Ұ
򲻿ɣ򲻿ɣ˵ѾעˣϷвɰһǴġ
ϵŲһ
Цɱô㶼ı䲻˵ıʣߣһθѾԼ̽𷣣һ˵ʲôҲȥˡ
ϵ֮ЫһĿԼҰҰ죬ӰóһƱ
׻˵úãǮʹĥҲõġ
ϵһƵƱ֮ʱԼٶȽƱ˻С
ɶС
֮⣬֮⣬ҪʲôУ˯ԡ
ͲǸҲ⼪װɡ
Ҫֲ⼪ףǲԲ⼪ء
Ŀ˿ϵϰڷŵǩͲгһǩϵǰ
ͷǼס
ŶȣĵȺϵǩģʱϵħһ㶢ǩģƬֽ֮Ŀڷϣֿеǩģֿ˿ġ
ϵĿǩĺͷػؿͣķĶЩë
ͷ˵ɱǵ⼪Ҳɱǵļװɡ
ļЦ˵ţ֮ϵеǩģһڲˮ֣֮µ³һ仰
ƴǴףҪС˲ǣһ
ϵ˵ǩĵĽʾһռ
İһϵͼһȤҲûжϵĻתɽǰԸȥ
뿪ķĲδϵĿһֱŷģʧҹɫҲδתߡ

޵һ̾Ϣصҹɫ֮СϵĿӱߵǩ֮ϣɱ֮ˣǩʮ˳У񱻷ĳУ֪Ե

123 ںΪô

ǰɽԸķȻ֪ϵʲôһԸ£ѩ֮ʱϵĲȫ˸ɾ׼ΪԪڳط
ѩʱһĻĻһĨЦ⹴ڴǡ
ʱûôķգֻһҪ췭ظҽ涾صˡ
񡭡
ĻܸܲңӦô
Щãˡ
ϵһصڶߣķһ뿪
ĶأĵĲƽĲЩǣŷھԭ
ЩֻԼھĽڣ˵Լ
Ц⣬ŨҲǿɬ

İھͳ֣ԥѡ
ԥ
ˡ
Ʋ˻һ㣬Ĭİݵ֣һϤů
Ⱥĳ֮УĻصڶϡ
ѰعĵĿ׼ȷİݵϡ
ɫ֮£ƻ֮УֻһϮ׳Ŀӳ֮У·̤ɫռ˷ۡ
⣬ɻ
ʱ˿̵ķķֲһԼĻþʵʵģֱ˫ůĴֽУĴů
ڿʲô

û˵ͷһ˫İݣôš
ˣΪô
ĵĿֱţİ޳ָǰɢĳ
ˣ
أ
ż⣬ſ˫ӵİݣͷУ
һ
е̻ըѿ߲ʰ쵵Ĺâڶ˵ϡ
̧ͷİݵգ̻ըѵɫӡİݵӰӡ
һ
޴̻ҹбըɫĹâƺ˰ҹա
İݡ
Ĵ΢İݵ֣˵һ仰ֻ̻̫ڸ˷ĵ
İЦţӵ߷뻳һһ̻УڷĵĶ˵ͬŨҵĻ
ֻǣ⻰ֻܹõ
˱˴ӡŵӰӣ˴˴ǵЦ⣬˴еĸܵ¶Ҳܹףݻ֮µĻжôۡ
һеķƺɢ˳
գǧ긮ǰ
ˣ㾹ȻȻķԻİݸ磬ˡ
ϣһһ˵ŷġ
ɷȴƦϢʮЦݣеɫҪôжô
˭
㡭ˣҲùá
е˫ȭеĺƺҪ˺˲Ÿġ
һǷԻİݸ磬İݸͬ˽ߣһǷˣ
˵㣬ӾǲãǱ
ͬҡҡͷĿеЦĸǲáѽǧǧ긮û뵽С檶ûɾͱˣ˶ûţ𼱣žƾ޳ȥûģڼ޸ְèͲǱ
ˡ
žһ޴ϣֻţװȱʧС
İݸ磬İݸҪߣ
һİݱߣȥҷĵ鷳İǧ긮
İݸ磡
գҲʧʣĵĶ徻ˡ
๫ʶ⣿
ֱ֣ϹﳤƤˣǲĸʱ˰̥ˡ
ĸ׸ȹΪ
İݿŷһ˿֮ⲻɵʳһ仰
ˣ㲻Ϊô
İݵһοʷǷݡ
ݣ
ҰҰ죬Ϊİ˵̫ݣĻ˻֡
һôûʲô˵ģںҲýұȽϲԬϽСӣٺ٣
һ޳ܵЦݻصڴǣ涼͸żթ֮⣬Ҳûȥİһָʲô˼
һ䣬һȴİɫһ
ԭСⷽ⡣
๫ɶú˵ôôյЦҺ£
ô첻µز£ǲʲô£Ż顣
İݵһ仰÷ֱ壬ʲô¡
๫ˣҷĿǶصӭߵӢۣôء
ԭˣΪЩ⣬ΪƿΪλ˺ܶصļ𡣡
İһ仰˲ûˡ
̫ƿöƣ˶ʮƿѰ˶Ѱ

124 СɰҪ

Դʮ̻֮һĻ󣬷ĵ׾ȫȻʧ
һԵģԺԺȥ롣
Ҫıǰյ¡
ţԣ
յ¡
լ
ĻԵʱ䶼տŹģҲ֪Ļԣȥ˺ܶĲҩȻ֪Щҩȥʲôط
ģںˡ
ӿŷģд˵֮⡣
ָдԼģڿ֮ʱһҲ
㵣ˡ
ЦţŶδĹģϵĵ֮ɫࡣ
Ϊ֮󣬷壬ȻĲҡ
ġ
ǣŷĵ֣ȴ˳ָ뵽С
ôϣʱֹͣһ̣
Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬ٻһµʱ䡣
Ҫ뿪
ɫĿŹģȻ˵תԤкתĻҪһЩ뿪ԼƿصķΧʲôĻҪҽҲΪˡ
ԣ˼ڼҳһЩ飬ұҪȥ
ɫΪѣ뿪վҪ뿪ġ
֮ΪĹϵһĺתҲӦûصڼҴûɵˡ
۵ףһĨѪ֮ɫܿɢɻǱĲ׽ˡ
ҪȥĻһҪСġ
ûġ
ˣԼҪȥЦţĿԼ
ÿÿ˼ŵʱܿڹغ⡣
ʵףһҽǸˣЩȥʡ
һ׼㹻ҩݺһҩȥ֮һҪСġ
á
һ֣͸Ųᡣ
ΣҪȥġ
ģΪҴһô
ʲô
ŹҪʲôӣһԵ͵ǰ
ʲôãֻҪࡣ
ָ£İһԣŴӵķģһĵصڶߣޣ·һƬɾ֮У
ĹܿҲɲδָ߷ģҲδġ
ĽС˼ĵףΪֻŻоߵģǸˡ
ʱʱתʱʱˣĴŵӣĺһţ
ΪҪ뿪ص˳ǹ˼ţҪһµʱ䡣
ԷҪ׼һµҩݡ
УϿæµĲű߼ʵķģ׵üͷ΢΢š
Ѿͷ˼ҵҩǼõҩõö࣬дӲˡ
ϹҲͬ˵Ļ
й˼ұϹңΪ壬ҩС
ҩˣҩķҪ׼ȷ
ϸϸĳҩݵķűİһ
õҩݱȽ⣬˶ҽʦʱҲ׼ȷб޻Էһ
ĳʲô飬Ӿǰ˳·ҲҪʮգϵ˳ǵʱˡ
Ϊ˱׼ҩݺպҪõĶźá
У˵ɶɶԬϽôˣ
̺СƵϹһûһԬӣСƺرŷġ
ƽĲȽϼ֣зӽ⣬ƽĲǴ̥ģֻܸܵΣǽֲ
ֲʲô
ϲɵıĿ˵ֲĸסˣһ⼸־֪൱ţơ
һ߳ҩݷķһ߸ϽʲôֲԼ׵ƽķʽЩϺ϶мֱ췽ҹ̷
ļٵģϷԴѧҽ⻹ǵһķӣȻ֪ܹԬСӵķӣΪβǺʲôֲ
ϵĻǵ÷ۡ
Ҳ룬û
ֲһ൱ķѾĴ󹤳̣ڶʮһˣҽѧ豸ĹŴᡣ˵ûӦ豸޾ʹﲻ׼λѪͣҵʵƥԴһ⣬κһϸڲģʱֲȫȫ
ве顣
ˣӦܸϵϣߣһá
ĽһСҩݶװ˫米Уܳ˿㳯ųŵķȥһʱ䣬ڻû뿪
ݣ
קϣǿȶˡ
ڹĵ뿪֮ʱе˳ǰСɰСɰ

125 թ

Ǹϵˣ
ĲԱߡ
еĹҲ֮ʱ˫Ц⡣
ģˡ
ָڷдһλ֪һ
ȥ֮һҪСģ֪ô
һŹһҪȥһµʱߣǳʲô飬˳Ҳһ·̡
˵ţĽеĲҩһԵȫϣҽдõһŷӷУһһĶһҪҪȥ
ǧ˷ģһչ˺ùӵġ
зڻУһ۷ıתߵһߣԼҹӺͷĵĿռ䡣
һ֮ټʲô飬дŸңҲ
һһڷĵУ־ж͸Źеʵ
еĵʵɣھλжôΣգǸ˵ߡ
ʱЦޱȵЦݹϣǿС۹֮ҫۡ
ģҿǷء
ùĵĵǣżŹĵļʾϳˡ
ģҡ
£յʧڶߡ
ǣŽʧе³һ׼ȥ
ɾڴʱһʿſķɱ缲һ㴩ųųɳ۶ȥ
ĵĿⲻɵñЩ˵ĿûĻЩӦǿΪ׵Ǹ˲Ǹߺô
ôһ𼱻ǵҪʲôȥ
⣬Ҳȥ˽⣬ץصǧ긮
Դӹ֮󣬷ıǧ긮úԬ
֪䣬ĺڽˣĴر硣
ԬĻ԰УںԬƽ׽ԲأСС˶ֵЦصۡĵҲıȾš
ڷ£ԬƽĲȶ࣬ǰ˯ʱҪһĥԴӺ˷ĵĲҩ֮ƽ˯˯úǰȣԬϽҲ
һ
Ԭ鷿УֳԬϽȡһԬǺӶ
ôȥ
Ҿ
ĻظԬһҾڴı飬ôԬĵ׵ŭⲻһ
Ůˣ޳ܵһľ硣
ĵһ仰ҲԬˣԭʨӴ󿪿ڵĿ֮ⲻھơ
һҲɣҿСƽķϾΪѵĻ㸮Ǳϰҡ
ԭˣ
ԭĿϰӲо
ƾʲôϷĶ
Ȼ֪ĵĿˣԬҲв
ǣԬȻ͹˷ĵ޳̶ܳȡ
Ŷ
Ŷһĵ˵ͷһ֮⡣
Ͻǲ˱ҲɣԺÿһοԬϽ׼ʮģûǾԲġ
ĳ׼ԬԬƽҲȻΪԭԹԽеͶ
Ȼһ޳ܲҪճԼĻ֮󣬷ĵõϰĹӲо
ϰ°УһĹļֵ൱Ӵġ
ŷһթı飬ԬӺɶը
Ԭ뿪Ѿϵ飬ĸ߸˵Źϰصǧ긮ԶԶر㿴ǧ긮鷿ĵš
๫ôô硣
Ĳ鷿㿴İĿⶢǽϹŵɽˮ
ɽˮǷѰϷϵõĽƷ˵֮ǶŶݼ֮Ǻ˽ķĿ⻭صİء
˹
İ֣ʾߡ
㷢ʲô
İ࣬İݱڻУ֪ΪΣΪԼĴܾڻİݻƨһֲһĸо
ָоֹܶΣİǸ̫࣬Ӧû
ˣ㿴ǻʲô
İݵĻУǶȿȥ¹ɽˮϣģɽˮ֮һݺύ·ʱʱ֡
ҿһûд·Ů
İ˫¹֮½ϵ·ƴһȷȷʵʵһûд·Ů
ԣ
ϸĿȥֿһվԶŮ
Բۣ
Ŵ˵ĿζذȻô޵Ϣһɫ黭档
ؿζϲ
ˡһ˫м֮ɫİݿŻпŻЦӣ޲ý˫ѹºúõĳͷһ

126 

֪ˣ֪ˣ
ıʾԼһ£ϸĿȥ
Ƭ֮İݻеķվߵɽˮ֮Уֻ˺һһɽˮ䳵˺롣
˺˵һɽˮ֮󣬷ڶɽˮ˺һɽˮȫ˺ء
Ȼ롣
˺˵ɽˮУĴеļвҵֽűȴŸ·ֽš
һٶŵ
һߵŵϱ˺ٵɽˮһŻмеĴڣȥ˸ǼʮӶԺȵļǮ
ɷͻľٶӲǽɽˮ˺٣һ˲䣬Ҳų롣
ߣǻʼҵĶȻΪǧ긮վǻ֮ľô˺ˣǿĴ
ɵеĶ߳ǰʱһ㶡
ѵ˿˵ڻеôҪĻǲ̫Ϸˡ
ҲΪҲֻзַŮ˲˾ٶҵɽˮеİأûĵҲ롣
๫㿴
Ľɽˮóֽŷİǰдİƺֺ֪·ʲô˼
˿֪صʲôô
֪ʶҲʶǡ
Ŀһ۹һ·ҡҡͷʾԼ֪Щִʲô˼
İݽֽӺһ¹֮£źһ·ȻγһͼһСֽϡ
ͼֽǰһĹҡ
ǰ
ĶԽİĹ֪֮٣ֻ֪Ǵ߹֮ǰʢһʱ
Ｋ˥ʹԭʢĽ˥䣬ټĩʵ۵ĲбҸͶ߹ɱ뽪ǣԴ߷֣߸ҡ
ԣ
İݵĿͼֽ֮ϣĺâƺԤʾʲôĲδİеɫ
´Ʒ־ñغϺϾñط֣๫ȥ˯ˡ
һķյֲ˯֮ٻص԰򵥵ϴڴ˯˹ȥ
ǰرͼ˵ûκô
Ŀĺܼ򵥣ѰѶˣݺԼ˸дȣٰѾĸӻǾͺˡ
İݻص԰ʱ˯ˣڷĵ࣬˯ı飬İݸǰĴǡ

ա
˷ĹƵĽҩ˯һָֻԭеӣȵ֮ʱ򵥵ϴ׼ȥԬԬƽһ¡
ɸճǧ긮ãһȺʿ㽫Χ
ǧˣҵǴӶɱʮˣһˡ
ʮüŴ¹ٷǰ··µģΪ׵˸Ҫ׽÷Ѻͻش£÷һȦ
Ǹղ˵ɶҶҰˣʲôʱ򣿣
ʲôʱ򶾺Ұˣ
ǣǴѷҵ˶Ūһֱû
ԩ
ǧ˸һЭ飬Ȼһ
ʮµȻı׵Ļᣬ׷ǰ׼ļá
ңˡ
һ˫ȭչƣǷ˫֡
ˣҺһˣǣŴµܷǷǺڰס
գĻǷ˵ֿԹԵĸڴǰ£ΪҲ֪¶ɾô¡
һ··Ƿ׷׽Ŀڷĵϣָָ˵Ļ
˵˺üʮˣ״ңģˡ
ļٵģЩµΪʲôҪ׽ǧˣʮ
Ͳ֪˰ɣ˵ɱ˵ľǷģۿĳڷң³ʮҲ·ˡ
ɣôǧ˻ᶾɱҵˣʱǧ˿ûٸ˿ҷĲա
ǸɵӰɣǶǼǧ֮ԹôҶǷҺģĵȻɶɱˡ
·һһ˵ǽһбۣ÷ĶҪԼɱ˷ҵˡ
ιء
ʮΧеķһ˵ļ
˻عһ۷æͷ·ǾβתֻҪһ۱ᱻʧһ
ǧк·Ը
㰡ҵôˣ˭汾еŪ˷Ⱥ
ĵĻһڴɫһɱҼʮ˵ĳѵ˲ôǧ˵Ļʲôȵ֮󣬾Ԭˡ

127 ๫Դô

Ԭˣ
һԬˣ
ĸߴµ˴£Ź֮ϵ֮ʱܾЩ죬ȷԼûмˡ
ģʮ˿˵¶ɱġ
ԬܵĿڷĵϣ͸ŵһﷸĸε
֪ԬΪִΪǰĿеĺù١
Ȼ֪µһЩ飬ȴδʹ棬ǵһμ棬Ǿһ
ش˵Ļ񸾲֪Ȼͷʮ񸾵ֿѺ
ֱһ̷Ķ±Ƶ״̬һ˽ģǱǷ֮Уʮ˶ǱɱˣҾݴԣɱ˷ʮ˵Ļġ
ҪҪôǧ긮˯𣬸ûȥҺòá
ģ֤ۿҹڷңطҵˮ¶·ʮҵô
ش˵ĻʲôʱҾͻصǧ긮ǧ긮һүǶܸ֤๫Ҳ֤
⻹ôϻȥʱͺİ鷿֮в鿴ɽˮֻֻ֮еĶߣȻȥ˯ˣûȥңɱ˷ʮ˵
˿ڷңȻݳӣ޻˷ҡ
ɫ˿ûκλ֮⣬Ҫɱ˾Ի󷽷óϣûɱΪʲôҪϡ
λˣʼ⡣
վڴµĹϷԬһЩ⣬ʱѾΧ˿ȵյȺ
һʱ䣬ԭׯµĴͻȻ˲г
һȻ˵ڷۿҳ֣ôṩ֤ʵҳš
ڶ¶Ҫ֤ݣһֱǧ긮кܶΪ֤
ΪʲôҪɱ˷ʮ˿ˣһ¶ôķ
ģһ˵ҵֶΣɱһȫȫӰȥ٣Ϊʲô˷֣žݺô
еߵڰˣҪЩܳ糿
Щӣָͷ뵽ɱ˷ʮ˵ľԲ
ȻЩ˵ʱ򣬹ϵĴԬܳĬƬ̣ɲ˷뿪¡
ǧΪҪˣڰδ֮ǰڴΪãˣǧѺʹΡ
Բۣһ£˵ôȥˣҸղЩûô
ıһһҵļڰ֮У˫ػţģЩ
ҪֿĻɵıԴӴ뿪Ļɱ˷ʮ˿˵ɾ͸ˡ
ˣ
˼֮£Ѻ͵˴Ρ
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ĲģηеĴһЩٱ϶̲¶̲ˣżĴҲǲġ
⻹Ƿ֮һζ״ΣǰΪӶʱͼĳͣһΪ˶ܵˣʱҲȥһѡ
ò˵ڹŴηǻʮһ͵ηԺȲش仹ʩ
ΧѻɵǽڣǰʵΧҪȥһܵ飬Ȼǵ׷ɨĻǸɾվȲԼ
һ¡
ηеķץסҪȥĿŷģҲҵ
֪ǧкηԸ
Եģһ졣
ĴӰгһƱУŷһΪѡ
ǧˡԬ֪ˣְᱻ𷣵ġ
˼ô
죬ǺòģջǴģһҧһĴӦ˷ģת֮ʱȴϵһɶ񺮱鲼ȫͨһ˵ϡ
ְμǧˡ
ûһĿİݡ
İݰһ˫ۣеɫ˿壬ȴôµ˫һ˵ϡ
İݲδǰƹηǰһЦŮˡ
Ϊڵķ˻ܿ࣬˾ºȡ
ŮˣȻԱȣǵˡ
úõĽԼСӣպȻᷭ졣
ֻǷ˵İãѧã÷ĹЦ
๫ǲǳԴˣԴֱ˵ͺãҪǲ˵ô֪Դôûϵ˭ءĿΧԱߣһЦ⿴İηнݺݵѹһֱеͶΪֹ

128 ๫ײ

˺ˣ˼Ժ󲻶ԱˣͶ๫һȺòã侾
ı֤ԼԺԲȣֻİһȣҸһձ飬İеɢ
ηŴ򿪡
͸ʮϢǹڵϵȴʮΪѡ
ǧꡭְְûȨ򿪷š
ɱٵĻ
һ䲻ŨһѡԴϣֻҪİһ񣬱ܽµ߰˿顣
ĿĿȻܸ˵һʱİݾͳǰڻ뿪
๫Ҵʱ뿪¡
ΪΣ
ǵĵһĨ֮⣬İĶǰĳ˳
ϰ֮ѾΪȻٶԣֻҪܴ˴˼⡣
㿴๫ݺҶɱ˷ʮ˿ˣ˵ĿĿңһָоһֻǸʼ
һ·Ҳ·˿˵ڷʮ˲ϢҴЩ˼һϢ
Ȼݺɱ˷ʮ˿ˣܾ¶ûꡣ
๫㸽
֣ʾİݿлҪ˵
İݶߣ˵˼仰İݰŵһ˿âҲͬ˷ĵҪ󣬵վԼֵطί
๫⼸Ͱˡ
˷ġ

İݵհһڣ͵ɹķĺٺٵЦţЦжôˡ
ô죬ΪΪҪ׻ȥŹ
ðɣ˶ء
ָָйѺŵһȺط
˫ۣǱ㿴ˡ
仰طǷ׷һӿͷһתǽڣİݰǵ˫۸ˡ
û˿ˡ
޳ʳָعסĵ򦣬˫˵ķҷİݵͷ˹ȥ
İݵ˫Ǽµ֮ʱֻĺȻһַֻԴҡţһƻһͷ
ѽѽ๫ײţײŰײţԡ
ˣǵƤء
վڴǰİݿŹķģƤЦⲻЦ˵һǵƤء
ûϵСӾȻǱ㽫ֶ֮յ÷֪ʲôš
ϣ๫ˣˣһᰡ߰һᰡ
ЦصڴУһŸϢξȻ˼ֹĻϢȻһе߳˷Ļ˭
ش¼εһͷ϶亹¼ҶԾǧ˲Ҳͷһˡ
ǰžǧ꼰谮ģΪм٣һôֱǳˣʴ۶Ҫˡ
ҲΪˣǶԷĵ̬ȸСĹࡣ
ڴοöݣÿ첻Ҫ̿Ҫܾϵĥ
Դӷĳڴ¼УóԺúȾûϹ岻ʱľͳԵġ
ǲ
СѾͷô״ˣϷ˵㱻ץˡ
ϺϹһѳԵ̽࣬ʲôˮСʳӦоУëƤһ߿ƻһߺ˵ŷҵ顣
Ϊңʮ˸ˣ˵ڷҵˮ˶
һһˬƻ¶ǣĿϺϹ˵š
Ҫɱ˷ҵˣҪ¶ô̵ֶô˵ˣ˶˿Ҫݺҡ
ֲһ·˵˭˭˭ˣһǺйϵôˣ
һ綼ڼæµţֱһ֪ıץ
ⲻôСѾͷȻͷҵȺ˲ͣҲ¶ɱ˷ʮˡ
Ѿͷ뵽ʲô
Ϲ׼һ۾Ϳ˷вص¶
ѾͷԸ񣬾Բ̱ԼûԲϣҲȻԹԵĴڴ¼С
ȴһ̬ڼвŲæ٩٩̸бضԭ

ҲϹӣϾǻ켣ԼӲ²֪Դҡڵ뿪ȴﲻߵԭ
Ҿһ֣һǸֻ֣һʼһ򣬶Ǹɱ˷ʮ˰ҵֱȻᶯ֡
ֱǷԼֱ
ǰڣֱδֹ󡣡߼޻һж

129 

ţһһζ֡
¼УϺеûһΪûҪϴ뿪˼Ρ
ϺȻˣǴʳ㹻ǲһʱˡ
ߣž·жǣ鳼Ůˣޣ
ʱԶηдһ˵˿˲ǷĻ˭ۿȥ¼гһŮһֻĸҲ
ι˵˭
ĵĿѰԴȥӷηУһ̯ڵϵ˱ǽڣһͷ߰ͷڵס棬˿ĳࡣ
Ӧһӡ
ƺ˷ĵʻ䳰ȷ˵ŷΡ
ûЩ֮ˣҴαػ䵽ز
ȵȡ
ʲôл֮ˣôûУôǳ
ֵܣʲôñӶԴϣŸսһʱ䣬ƺϤɡ
ĿηߣĿηˣһĲ⡣
һͷĳáҪ֪ԭΪΰɡ
Һ޳ܸȻϤҺ๫ȴв֮Ϊ̫ѵ߳ô
һ仰׹ôˣԭİг𣬼תƵϡ
ͷһ䣬๫ɱŮˣʮ˴ˣ˵Ը޸˭Լ飬߳ܲ߳ܺʲôϵ
Ƿ޳ϣΪëҪ߳ܣûʲô˵顣
һۣһҧƻȥһվȼŭƺҪĻɻҽһ㡣
̫壬˳𲻹죬ңչһҪʬαѩޡ
İǵ壿
Ŷԭˣ
ʲôϵ
磬ͷ㿪һţҲԽġ
ʾ¿ؼεһηţеҪǸ
˼Ƭ̣ǲΪɽηŴ򿪣Ĵҡڵ߳׼ηӷηǰŽһˡ
ҳˣ㲻Ҫʬô
һˣһҧƻһЦŽչˡ
Ǳ㣬ʮҶ֡
ıӵĿչ֮£˳û㲻ڶʮҡ
Ѻڴ¼εĴ඼ǳ͢طһ㶼Ǵ֮ˣչʱҲǻ书ˡ
㡭˾Ȼҡ
չĵһ仰ɫǺ˫ֽˣ޲ýŤϳͬھ
չӣͱˣĴŰɣǧҪһ˵Ļһǧζ
һԵȰ˵չͷӲӲ۾˶ܿǾǧ谮֮ˣһƾʲôǧ˶ô
££չһΪ̷û뵽Ȼ䵽أ񻹱һŮ衣
չͻһŭ˷һ˵չƺеӡ󡣡Ȼֻһӡ󣬿ɺǵչΪһЩײ˻ʵۣʹĻʵմŭչһϵеսǼƽ˾·ʵչ֮ȫץ
ִ˱İݡ
ɾ巢ʲôͲˡ
ǰʹ޿˵Ŵ֮ʵչĵĶһ䡣
ιҼǵǱչж๫ƺûκιϵɡ
ƨ̫ڱµĶҥ£չΪλ䵽˵ĵز
չһôһ˵˲ɴ˫ۣ˵ŵ귢顣
ԭΪϳɣչҳԣ˭֪˻ʵۣΪչҴ˹ֱԸټİǻɿյչû䡣
⻹û꣬ԭչҵչֻǱչ٣˶ѡǺΪһЩ飬չҵ˳ײ˻ʵۣɱİݽ˴ɱʵۣⷽʵΪչʻģȻ֮չҲûͼⲻչҵж
Ľ֤֡лȥϣƾչϢֹľͷİɱƲݵǿԹۼһЩչҵĸۻؾдΣʧܶգչΪչ
ΨһҴѪѺ˴µļУֱһ졣
չĲɵĴָ
ҷΪһ͸չҡ
ǼģǴûչһԼ˶ȥˡ
ʲô˼ڳЦչҵҳڳЦչΪδŬ֮ôᣬȫᣬҲδЦչҸ嵨֮ģڳЦչҴϵûһӣ仰˵ǰ׳ա

130 ȱ

ˣ֪׳ʲô˼ôҪҸһô
ɢĿһԣ۵׵ɫޱıԼչԼչҳıӡ
ģ
Ĳչȱҵļôڳ͢ռһϯ֮λġ
ġӸƴˡ
չĳײҪȥͷƴһ
Բ׼һ˼չңҲ׼
ƴˣ飬ԲдȾҡ
Ծǳչ´չεҡҡͷ
о仰˵ԣϵ۸㿪һȴضẸʮš
չôһ˵Ҳչ֮Ի䵽زԭȻܴһΪȱҵĹֱҪһԭǱ˵ڻңŴˡ
չֱһ㶼ûףչ䵽˵زԭô
ʲô˼
߰ͷ棬չĿⶢŷģҪ֪Ǿ仰ʲô˼
ϵ˼룬Ϊʲôչһߵһһ˫εڱƶţչĽҲֻǱǷǽš
һУȻİƲһֻǰһ鳼ӦϷݣվȨڻʵС
ʵۣһʼӡоһӹ޵֮ˣɲ˸İݻݣ˾һҵĻ
ڿԴΪС㿪ʼھһһ֮һ飬Ļʵ۷ǵӹκ˶Ҫ
еų켺Ҳ֪İݺݶΪԼ赲Ҫ鷳ʵǹթġ
չڻӵĻӦ˵ĻһʼչҾͱڻңǻΪԼ˶ô顣
£ƲƲ죬һסչתصԼĵСη档ĵĻԭֲչΪչûʲô飬׺ѾûбϵˣչѾˣֻʣչһҲ˲ʲ
ôˮ
ʵҲںչССϺôķˡ
صηУëƤϿϴ鼮鼮˴£Ҳ֮⡣
пʱ򣬽أһûһĺʹ¼еطǽηǰǴʲôְҵΪʲôԭ򱻹Ѻڴ¼С
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вĴһĨû¶ȵЦһĻγضԱȡ

137 ๫֪ô

ǺǣǧʲôŮӺα赶Ūǹ˵Լ˸Ǻá
ֳһԲ˲ӣɲԼĺ뱲ҸڷС
ԭˣô֪ʲôʱ򾹳Լˡ
Ļջеذףһһĵ׺֮
ϹǾ仰˼ͷĵĽΣ˷ģ˿ͱˡ
ȻԼˣǸǧһЩϢģЩϢһǧҪ֪ġ
ἰˣָֻһɧ˵ģ±˲֪ùƵġ
ǧ긮˾Ͳ֪ʲôô
ݣ
ϸü΢壬ŶȣЦӿ˫ȴֽĻ
ԣǧݲǷҵСô򵥣үǧǷң֮Խǧ˵˵еӣܴһԭΪݡ
˻⣬˫еĹâԾı㱻סˣһħһ㣬ĸԸĶ䡣
˫⣬ջǷˡ
Էɺô
ǧ˵ĸϹϹĵŮĸɷ񣬵ʱϹ⻼⹫ҲеϹΪϹİȫ룬㽫Ϲ͵ǽһƽ
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ֲ֪Լӳ޷ĵƽٶصһ˼Ƿȱû˵Ļ
лӸ֮˵ݣбô

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ģǾβתô
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Удһ仰Ҳ͸
һ֮ʣǰһ˼ң¼ˣ㽫ԺµĺڳһɽͼĲо
Уǻ֪ģɽͼĳЩ˵޵ıأǸɵйǿ֮Ƕڶ˵һʷǰѡ
žдǵԼдʮʲݣ뿪Ҳʱġ
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๫
İݱڻеķתͷŶߴů촽ʳֽԵǾ仰
֪ϱϹҵĸϹϹҵŮ԰ɡ
԰ɣǶô֪𰸵»һİݡ

138 ֻΪһ

ǡ
ԵĻصڷĵĶߣİݺɵĳһС
Ȣ֮ʱΪȷʵҪݲģգ廹Ϊġ
ӵŷĵ˫һ֣еҲԽŨһ֡
ļթĴĸڣĵƤ޳ܣֶѾӡΪУʱʱ̵̿ĳǰ
ˣǶǲΪвɰĶ
ɼΪҲĸԸļֹʡ
ֻΪһˡ
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ʲôӣ˵˵
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Ӻܼ򵥣ӳԵǧ˻һȵǧ֮ʱ֮ǰȻȥ˷ա
Цţ˵ԼļƲߣνһЧʮ²νǴӹŴľʽ
ǧ˾Ρ
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ſϵķĴӰóһƱжٲ֪Ȼһʾ޿
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ܼҺӣ˷ѣЩǮϷϷⵥ⡣
һǮ۷Ź⣬в֪ʱһذףذŶ̹⣬һ֪˾綾
ӣ˼ҹ¼ҹһȫϷϷǮײİɡ
˵ţһԾеذֱֱĳִ˹ȥ
飬лú˵
ϣӶڲ֣ٿӿҪˡǧ˱Ӵ˻ô

139 ۰۰ۣ

ŮһҪܶʹ࣬Ŀǰ˵ĥŷȻǴʹ
鷿Уĸһıڹϣİߣ˫ƴΪŷĵĸΪȡů
۰۰ۣ
Ҳ֪ԭС㾿ʲôʣټϱڶҩ³´лһ輫ʹ࣬ǷҲ۵üͷ
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۾һ֣˵һǧ˰ٴΡ
๫һФץסô
ʵֻİݺʮʱץһФ춼ڽʬһҲ߶緢鼸ˡ
δץסǧ涾Ծɻ˵ң⣬Ŀ֤˿ھ֮С
ǰҵӣĿĵΪʲô
ĲףһФֶδԲˣ˵ˣڶӴ¼гˣҲɱ˷˵ֲһФɱˣʵ⡣
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գãǧ긮ķѵϽɢɢġ
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140 ˹ĵĸо

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һ·˵Ŀ˾־Ǻ¡
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ˬʮֲˬ
ȫ޾ɵķ԰ĴϣľګĿԡͰﲻֹͣš
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һ
ļ͸һ˿˿ʧȥѪɫĲ԰ףվԡͰߣˮưһưһưҨˮȵˮϡ
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ֻ͸֮ϣӡһĵŮӰŮӴɰ׵ļ㷢ڸס׵ɫֵĳİݵС
˭
ķתͷȥ翴һϮİվԭأһ˫Լ
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磡
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ҪεʱԬһľܾҪ󣬼óԬд֤ͨҲûиá
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һӻ׵Ͽ˿˵ķֿ˿ģտ˵
Ϸʲô飿ôһ˵ЦǵõЦݸü

141 ̽

ȳԣⶼǷȣ¥ֻò
ǧˣл֮˵ɣϷܻشҲȻشϷ֪ģɱϷҲʲȻ
ſӣһߺžһ߳ŲˣҲͬһߵȴŷҪʳ⡣
ˬ죬Ҳֻʼ򵥵ѡҲӦ֪
˵ԼҪϵ⣬ְģ˵һЩ״ĩβ͸¶һЩǵĶԻ
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ڳԷĿǧʬֵʱ򣬼в˵־Ȼֱ˰УϵĲҲɢڰС
˵ʲô˵һΡ
ǧʬǰһʱʹһЩˣϳһФ֮ɱˣЩʬڷųι״̬ԭ򣬱Ϊǧʬ֮ˡ
û˵Ǹ˾ǣһЩ棬ϾΪԼԭǵΣգԻǽСĵĺá
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һ˹Ȼûа
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һһĻصϵĶС
ʱһƨ˵ϣĿеɫ쳣Ľţƺһвظǧʬʬִ
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ճη֮ʱԬ˫ָƺڵȴŷĳ
֮£ߴӰĽСӰ֮£ԬܵĿⶢŷģûаָ顣
һΣ²Ϊ
Ԭܷܲĺ˵ʲôֻ׼ĽηһΡ
лԬˡ
ĳԬ񣬴뿪˴¡
صǧ긮һ·ϣĶڻЩԼϵǾ侯档һָоһ;֯ʶ˵ǵˣ˵ʦ֯һԱǾһԱ

142 С˸

ָоʮֵǿң֮лжϵ
֯ϴֺͽ뿪ʱÿÿ֯߽Ӵ֯κιһı顣
ϣǾ֯һԱȷ
֪䣬һ·һ˼ķߵ
ѾΪڶټҷ˺СıݣԴӽϾǰ֮һð֣ԼҲϵõչ˺ÿˡ
ֻҪзµݲƷԣԶԶĿһȺܼҷС̷Цӯӯתδ̤ǻصǧ긮С
˼µݣĿǰǱ鷳Ϊá
صǧ긮ʱѾǰˣɷĻصǧ긮ʱҲİݹ
˴󲡳ôڸϺú
Щ¶ȥ죬ⲻô
İݽڻУֽ˫СֽУԼĵ¶߷еĺ䡣
쿪ʼûΪ׼ֱȫ֮ʱ뿪ǧ긮벽
İмŭ֮⣬ǵĿŷģĹ÷ĵůţһֻè̯İݵĻУһ
˽ȥ¼Σ
๫ô֪
գգ۾ٺٵЦţſİιߵࡣ
ðɺðɣȥ˴¼Σһ¶һФ顣
ӣ˵ڴ¼к֮ĶԻ
µһФĿĺԣǧʬʬأȻҵǵ֮أӶʬ֮صа
ԷŲҲҪ⵵飬´εӢ֮ô
İݻԾڳŷĲչԼŸողĴܡ
Ҵ¼κ֮أһԿأǷʲô⡣
Ůǡ
๫Ҫô֪๫ң๫ˡ
˵ţ˫İݵգһȥ
ôûйϵҲûκιϵֻ֪һФݳҵĴԵΪΡ
ڴԽɣʵۼݱΪ֮λͷѪɽưֺʲôϵ
ֻ֪һФΪλĵ߼޻ΪʲôǱˡ
˵ѡں̫ǣǿ
³򣬴ڼ
๫Ҫòãı֤ûһˡҷġ
ָͷ췢ģ˵Ǹ˫һİݲ
Բۣ
Ů˻Ѻ塣
գĺİǰãǧ㱣֤ԼԲϹܣŵõ׼
ǧ긮˼ãɢߣ֪֪ǧʬʬصĸϢҡҡͷʾԼЩо
ͷأôû
Ĵ˿δϹӰӣϹҲûڼá
أ
ӳȥ£ϲŻϸңϸļѰˡ
ˣ
Ϲһô
Դӷֿе֪֮ȻʱϹദѰһ㣬ǾЩŤ
˵ܲٲܲپ͵Ϻͷ˵ϹʱϹԼߵǰ
ϹӿŷģһĨ¶ȵЦ⣬˫ֱǸ
ǧˡ
š
֪˭ֻ֪ϹҵãƺԼһ˵ĵ⡣
ڹϣ̱Ŀһ̲࣬ϹϰķģϹȴ⡣
ΪˣȻĸϹŮϹôһ˿ѪĹϵվշﲻϹ
ΪүүὫϹɱȨ彻ģһӼּ߰޸һ̫Ůӡ
ϹŲ⣬ʵĲ⡣
ǲŸɻͷԣϹűΪƫƫ䵽С
Ѿͷȥ˶˵ԺǱߺȾƱЩ顣

Ϲɫһ̱һŵķƵõĳЩСˣŲ˺;ˮ˺ԺķС
һԲСˣȵСƹɢ
Ϸ򵹾ơ

ûϹԹԵһƺһٶϹüëŭ
С˶ӣôûϷ㵹ô

ûֵϹԼ˵ڶˮƼš
Ʊ£ɫȻӼһ֭
ȾԼֲǲзϵĶˡС˸ӣ㶮

143 㲻ң

һֵӷ䴫˳ڷϹŻΪʲôűֹˡ
û¶Ѿͷεסϸ硣
ĺϹƢϾүһУϹѡ
ۿŷһһӼżȥһѽӷԼǰֱֽ۵ļ
óԣɶģϷĳôζ
ΪҷĵطһĳӵȻѧˡ
ĸԼ˱ƣˮ¶ǣžƱϹǰľƱ˾ƣǵϹۡ
ǲϷ򵹾ô
ҭ
ϹͷүճĳϰˣһҾ˵û¶˵İɵıʾϹŰžͺãȥŶˡ
ϹŲԼǰүүʲôƢˣϹҵÿһ˶֪үүǷ¹ضܵص𷣡
񣬷ΪһٶĶײүүɻƽµĲ𷣣үүû׷ĵĲ֮
Ϲٴβ⣬ҲûܹΪɡ
Ϲһˮ¶ǣֱһӼĺһ׺ϵͻ
ѾͷϷҪˡ
һ仰΢΢̾
ϵĿⲻĿŷġ
Ȼദʱ䲻࣬ĵϲŷŮ
ŵĻһҪĸŮˡ
ʲôʱߣײ׼ôʲôʵģſСǸϴ򷬵ô
һ仰ǵɫ˲׵ĺӳ鶯ǣ޲һƺġ
С˸ӣϷոȫĸƻˣҪأȫҶҪˡ
ĺӶըϹǲǰŮôôҪǧдĻ
㿴һּˣЦˣУȱ
ϹǰľƱһ¶ϹŭɢЩ
ϷЩ飬лȥʱһڶҪСĲǡ
ϹվĲ·ġ
ӣϲ⣬ıƱ鲼λвĵӣֻҪһǡ
ŷģƶ˵ѾͷȻữΪģǵүүвԼŮġ
¶ʲô飬ܼô
ע⵽Ϲϵı飬ɵ΢΢üͷϹҲ¶ô
ǹ˼ҳ飬Ļص˳ǴǷңϹң˲ò롣
һˮ¶ǣƲЩ鷢ǷһϵĻǲ̫ˣһΪŵĸо
ȷʵЩ֣ѾͷҪҪϷæЩֵ⡣
ϹƺյŷĻصϹңʱһĨЦ⸡ڷĵ쵽˴ǣ͸˿˿ĻĻصϹĶߡ
Ϲҵһ˲ֵĻδ˵
һ仰ʹϹĿ΢ţǻǿڷĵϣƬ֮һЦصڷС
Ѿͷǲ϶ġ
⻹Ҫлʵ档
ĸɴİֹ˳ȥһ˵һЩָһЩϹ顣
Щ·ԼЩʵ˵ģ˭֪ˡ
ţϹӾԲ򵥵ķŹֵġ
Ȼ֪ϷݣȴɵϷˣĪԹϷûܾĸ׵顣
ϹŷģΪ֪ԼݵȴûпڽүүһΪ顣
鲢ˡ
ϹϹҵϵŮԭСϹŮǧ긮ķˡ
Ϲ񣬽вϹΪүү˵ûбϵĲȡ
ûһԭ෴ĺܸл˾˷ǧԣⱭƾϡ
ͷһľˮ֮˻ζĸ𣬵еȴ쳣
ô˵㲻Ϸ򣿡
ô˵ϹϹңϱᡣ
ϹŭԽŨң˷쭵ıԵʾϹ嶯ѻ˵ꡣ
ҷңڣʵҲѾϰˣһϹҵݣΪ滹кء
ʵ˵˷ľ鷳
ţүİݣÿһҪ߬гΪӵȨ֮˶ݣһϹ壬ƥлҵϹ塣ףСϹŮǰķҲˣ滯һĻ˵˵ƫƫΪ˷ģΪ˷籩ĵǸӡ

144 Ǹ鷳

ֳΪǧ긮ˣ֮˸ŻΧеɱʱضء
ټ֮κһݣϹŮݣ˵洦
Ǹ鷳ˡ
ԨҪİжȥɽͼƬƤĺ˫ү˶һФĴˡ
֪ϹǺ⣬ѸݣϹŮ֤İȫ
֮أıΪϹҵĽֹѩһԽԽֱ޷ʰ
գǧϹѾˡ
ĴϽһöϹϣƵϹǰ
һɢˣ鷳Ļֿѵݸ𣬵ԲϹŮݲϹҵκ顣
Լ˵ô࣬ϹܹԼ⡣
Ϲǰīɫ壬֮̾һƻصǰ
Ҳã͵Ϸ屾ӦΪĸС
Ϲ׷ĵĹǣҲ׷֮е˼
ˣ
Ȼ⺢Լע⣬Ҳˡ
ӣʲôʱϹҵĴʱΪ򿪣ֻҪͷүү
ϹԷ֮ʱһүүƺԾӡ
ʱ˿̶˵ݲϹ峤ǧˣֻһԼŮŮӵˡ
壬»ص˷ǰĿһ壬žƺϹǰľƱ
ľ㡣
һ仰˵һС
һ̸ϹĿĺܼ򵥣߷ĻصϹҡ
ֻҪصϹҵķΧ㶼ǵͷҲ÷Ρ
գѡڶǣϹطĵѡ
Ҫ뿪õʱ䣿
ûޣϹҵ¶ϷɺйϵϷжϵûĻ˼Ҳ벻˸ϵ
ȻѾϹҲȰ˵ʲôˡ
Ѿͷǧ겢ǿȥô򵥣ҪСĲǡ
ϹŷģİݲǱһڸ˵Ҳ˵
ҲˣҲˡ
ǰͱϹ
ԶȥʧУվڷߵ̾Ϣ
ѾͷΪβϹ峤ȥ
ΣĺϹ˵ЩС
÷ǲᶼеһЩһЩ£һҲϹǡ
ȻѾͷһһ鷳Ϲҵݻ²ϹΪɡ
ĺϹȥˣϹҵᱣ֤ǣϹҪܵĲһѹ
ģıûġ
ǡǡ֮ȴ롣
ѾͷϷҲ֭ᡣ
ûˣļᶼˡ
֭ܲҲУ̲ܲˡ

Ѿͷƫġ
գǧ긮
İϳڵ⣬Ծɱİݽǧ긮ԷֵֹĹʿĴܣǵһ
ڹϣİĿŹȫǿڽⶾƪµʱջΪ
žµע֮ʱһֵ˷ĵ˼
ˣ
ǧ긮ߵ鷿ķš
ǧˣԺķãˡ
Ժ
ĲĿԺķɶ
ѡ
ǣˡ
Ƭ֮󣬸ԺķӺ֮鷿У֮ŷ
ԺӺ֮ǧˡ
ӿˣ֪ұ˿ʲôô
ԺɻԼʽɣǶǡ
ǴʦǴʽַ棬˵Ժһָѧ߹֮ҲǰĴڡ
ûǴĻ֮ǸԺĸԺ
Ҫͺ֮ûм棬֮ǧ긮ĿΪΣ
ĪǿĲɳڣ֪ʴϻۣȥԺ˰ɡ
ȤЦ
ģǰʱڻԵɺ֮£Ϸ򿴵ǧڻʹʫʡ
֮һ׵ͷҲһ˿ңѽʮĺ֮һƽ͵ĸо
ûп˵ȴź֮ġ
Ϸ̾ǧ˵Ĳɣǧҽ֣Խǰи֮롣
˵
ʳָû˵졣
ɿ̬ȲƺҪƪһĺּ֮Ƣ˾ÿҪˡ
ʲôֱ˵СǺãϷ͹ˡӵģѧԺһŮѧ˼ȥûкʵķӽЩŮѧŮ֮ܲУϷǧ긮ǧԺˡ

145 ݵĶң

ҵĸﰡ
һ仰ܱ˼Ҫ˷ôĭô
žǸԺŮѧ³ŮԽ飬Ժ֮ڻԵ֮µ֪ʫʸ踳ͨǰӦԺ顣
ľʤô
ĵЩ⣬黭ͨŮô࣬Ϊκƫƫǧ긮
Ҫ֪ɲһĲ˱Ы֮ȻθѧԺŮӡ
һ룬ĻеС
ҪȥӦԺӵĻҲһȤ
ҪȻһߵгƨˡ
ǧ˵Ļǧ˵ĲܣȻʤθԺŮһְǧӦʣϷЩѧŮлˡ
أǰô㣿
ıȽϹĹʵ⡣
Ȼǧ⣬
ɽ
һӣһˬشӦ˺֮
ұʾԼ֮׼ʱǰѧԺġ
֮õ˷ĵĴ𸴣Цӯӯ뿪ǧ긮
ƺһ飬ҪȥѧԺְҪһ˵׿ϡ
๫ȥôȥôȥôȥô
һֻèİݵĻܶţҧǵĳԡʢ
ˣ˲ǶϷ򲻿ɺ
๫˼ûкôһеķùˣҪҲһģ๫ʹӦô
һʩչı죬ճİݴӦǰԺŮӡ
ˣ֪ԺоۼĶӵܡ
İ΢üͷŻǧĵŮˣһ
ľȥѧԺôڣ
ţȷƶԼʮֿ϶Ĳڡ
ĵı֤ԼԲڡ
ǾۼӵСħΣħǰԹԵĿվ
˵ˣȥŮŮѧѣֲǴ̶Ѩ
ðɣȻ˾ˣΪҲ
գİӦ˷ġ
Ү֪๫ˣð㣬ࣣ
İݵգһںݺݵȥ
ʱķĲ֪֮ԼҪԵʲôĳ档
ӷ
ա
ı˫米ǰԬ׼Ԭƽһ£һǷҪµҩݡ
ţһҵӶߴǵľֵļһ޼ɵſЦؼ䡣
СүõһСү
žһϵһӳϣǿʹǰҵĳš
ӣҵĺӣ
ҵȺУվڽֵСŮѾɵˣĿ͵Ŀųƥ
ۿ㼴ļ̤СŮϣǧһ֮ʣĽ˦ϣɳ۵Ŀͬϵһݺݵˤڵϣֹһķ
عСŮ۵һ˳кס
ףףԲ£
Բ£ڣ
˼ǰСŮڻУܵ˾ŵСŮ
ʱͬˤڵϵ˫ŭɵӶǰĸŮˣеޱҪӳ
񣬾ȻҵСүõСүǣѽСүͷ֮ޡ
飡
ĸŮ˵ϣһֻͷֹĳ˹ȥƫƵԴ
ͷ˵ǰֱðǣϮǸͷ֮ʱָŭһ
˭˭ô󵨸ͷСү
Ȼͷˡ
ĵһ仰Χ˺ȻЦ
ŮˣСү˵ϮСүֵСү˸ʬ
ӡ²ף
Ϊ֮⡣
Ǳ˵Ļ˵һӵʬιǰŮȴ򶯲á
ʲôףСүĻǾȻҪʬι
ʬιССôĺ˻ˡ
΢΢üͷǰһɫ»Գӵ겻ɵЦ
ôҲ֪ĸүҵĶӣѲݼҵ̶
Ҳû˵ãӦǱүĹ϶ӡ
ӡ
ѣԼһҪѷĶιС˵š
ʲôŮ˾ǷģǴ֮ձʮ̣˵Ůˣּ޸һ̫Ϊ̫ӵķģ
˵ŷĵĹ¼ЩĻˣЩԷ˵ѾԶ߿塣ͷһ䣬ʲôʱʮ̣ˣʼİ汾Ƕʮô

146 Ц

ĿǰŰ꣬ûĺĶˣǰֲȱһǷܺȴ֮󣬵һμ⡣
Ǹ̫ôСүүһ˲ɡ
ԼүݣȻ󵱽С
һҪ÷֪Լߵݲһ̫Ӿġ
ү
δνʾڣվԭɫѿĺܡ
ôЩūСү˼ɡ
ٳû׽÷ģһ˫üëø߸ߵģеɫҲŭܵȼš
үһǾǧӣүٻȥаֵ󡣡
˵ţүֵʱɫһסˡ
ôһˡ
Ҫûаʱȥһᱻʹһġ
ŮˣˣСүš
ݺݵص˷һۣһʧ˵С
þȵĸŮŷĹлɱϾǵ˴ĸŮǺܿʧ˴ϡ
ϱŵ˫米Ŀʧʵе꣬ղү֣⺢ӹȻݵ̶
үĴүǾ׺
أ
ӷͬ仰ʷЦŴү鷳Ļһ๫λļ鳼š

һʱ֮󣬷Ԭ
һԬĿһǸԬϽһ£ǸԬƽһλµҩݡ
⼸оˡٲʥҽԼȫʱ䷢һֶȱҩλҩȵķӸСһЩԲҲһЩ
ǧ롣
鷳ˡ
ĸŹܼԬ鷿Ԭڿűĵŷеı飬һ䳰ȷ
Ϸ˵ѧԺĺԺȥ㵱ˡ
ԬĻ͸żŨҵĳЦܵδ빬зĵʫ˴ΪޣƾԷĵ˽⣬ŮǳΪĻǱضǻ˲롣
˲ǻ˲룬ԬϽҪ˼ѾˣŷĿʤνŮһְ
ɾ벻ףôŵ¼汸ŮӣԺΪʲôƫƫҪѡΪŮĽ
ôԬϽҲʤһô
ŴԬ͸ֳĳɫȥ
ƽҩÿշõķԼʳעдˣԬϽ֣ҿʲôʱš
ûӽ˵ĳ棬Ϸôء
ԬЦţѵռϷ磬á
ΪԬ󣬷һҩһƽļ۸Ŀŵ٣Ԭը
ǿϷ򣬾һŵֵһƽ𡣡
˵һƽˣһǮġ
˵ֵǮֵǮһԬϽѾǷһƽԼʮǸƱƱǸء
ŶȵķžǿԬϽ
ɳЦߣ
Ӳ㡣
̫֣ΪϷ֪ôġ
ԬϽȻ֪ôģԹԸǮ
̣Ϊҽʦĵȥˡ
ûУˣǮ
ġϷһǹ
ԲۣôŨ֮ʣֻһ󶣶鷿д˳Ƭ֮УӰƴԬϽв֪ʱһǹһѳһԲִ

վһԵĹܼһΣҪ˵ʲôеĻ˶档
ܼңϽǧˡ
ɫΪѵĿԬϹܼңȴŹܼ
ϽǷģʱ˿̵˶ɱУǵ书ǳȥֹҷ
һԺŰɣ
ǡ
Ϲܼ̾һϢҲżԵĻԬѾδĶ־棬ǻ֮ʱڽսɳʱܿǣôȥˣԴӽ׹֮󣬱Ҳûдӽпֹâ

ͣϷ
ԬֳֳǹеĳսŨ֮ʱֻһ죬Ԭɫ˲
ļæʽջأһ߱Ԭϸ첲ȵһǰص鷿ﻹһ߶߶ͣ
ҲҪǮģһǧ
ϷҲйϵ
ҪϽԼҪNɪҲˣȫϽԼһǧ
ôȥһǧ

147 Ϸ

ԬͷĹеʱľʹ˺ݺݵթԬһǮϽЩȥ
ԬϹܼҺȰƽϢս
ͷܼҲһΣյĻ
ˣµʱϽͱϹNɪˣҪȻ˵ľͲˡ
лǧˡ
лɶҪ⺦Ϸô
ڴֵԬ޲ðѷʬΣϧѹͲǮ߸˵뿪ԬǧҲһüͷ
뿪ԬķãҽԼҪǰԺϡ
Ϣ֮һ㶣ҩ
ϣʲô
ץҩʲô˻˵ҩݣϷȸ㱸ˡ
ϵľٶǵķһıӡ
ϣҲʤθԺһְô
һȺʮĺôѹѵȥ˵̵Ůѧ
ҲϷѾͷӦò֪ԺһЩɡ
ĵı飬ȻѾͷ֪ڸԺһЩֲ˵
Ȼҡҡͷ
ֻİ˵˸Ժǻ͸̼ĺʾٰһߵѧڸԺоۼ˲ٻ͸̵ĹӸ硣
ô˵ҲֻһЩӵܰˡ
ҡͷץҪϽһһİã󻺻˵ڸԺ顣
ԺȻһһѧǶѧ֮أĶǻӹټӵܣ֪ԼҵΪ
˵Ļһ仰ʮּŸԺǱǶԾۼ֮أСħӽ˸ԺС
һ£Ժһɱˣ˵ǳѧ裬ھѹ֮ѡϵ
У֮ǰԺļѧ׽ŪһӣǷӱڰ裬ҲɱĽ֡
εҡͷԺȷʵһĽѧԺҲǶԵ֮أѧĺѧӸոսѧԺþͱ衣
֪ѧԺΪɶ߹ôô
Ϊɶ
ĵȴϵģϿݸѧԺִﻹһѧԺһ̬ӵ
ѧԺƾÿ¾ͻһӵļ¼߹¼һֱŴδƹ
ÿ¾һӣ
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148 

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151 ˭

һФ׽ûش¼ΣһѺ˴Ϊι̵ĵ¶УɾǧֱҲ޷һФߡ
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152 ֣

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153 ǧô

ĵһ仰˵Ϊ԰
ӽ쿪ʼǽ˵ŮŮҪʮʻ׳ĳɳ
ǰһŻ¶ǲûǵӣһ
Ůǣչ˺ǵġ
ӸϵһÿΣһ˿εĿǡ
عëڰֽдĸ֡
ҽܡ
İǰһʱϰ鷨ţֿʲݵּ͸ſĴԭһּҪÿĺܶࡣ
ʲô֡
ָ׵һλŮĵŮ͵һºƻһϲúܡ
طӵĻѧض
ضӦ˼ҵŮˡ
ܺãһʲô֡
ʾض£ڶλϵŮӽҽܡ
ضλŮҪõࡣ
طӣѧӨ
ܺãһ
طӣѧ
ʮѧһһҽ꣬ĴŶЩ˳˽⡣
Ϊ˱ɲҪ鷳ڵĶʮŮѧԹԱҵŮǸԺȺСҪʹҲҪˡ
Ѿλѧ˽⣬һڣʲôҪ֪ľ˺ʡ
֮ҪΪ˵һΪԼгƨˣҲһԼδĸо
ǰһֱȷѪɱƴ񵹳һĽŮʦ֪˵ĻһᾪȵĴӹײб
ӣ
ʱںŵŮѧ嵶֣һʳԼ⡣
λͬѧ˵
ΪʲôҪԺأ
һŮѧȻûģٻǶԷ˽ģָ¼õĻıȱȽǡ
Դӷļǧ긮֮ۡƺÿһʱڷĵĴţǴűضǷ꣬ŮǺĵ顣
ҽʮǴϲ˼꣬ԸλѧԳƺΪӣͬҲԳƺΪĽ㡣
һĨЦݸϣһĨ޺ЦѧǶٵķ˶Ľġ
ΪʲôҪѧԺˣΪ̫ˡ
ӣǲʲôⶼʣ
һѧ֣ҪʳԼһֱص⡣
ȻԣӨͬѧʣκⶼԣֻҪһشķΧ֮ڡ
ôһ˵Өתһ£Ǹе˳ڡ
ӨʵҲѧк⡣
֪ΪҪǧ긮֮ô飬Ǿβתô
ӣ綼ǾβתΣ˵ĺ꾫Ǿβתô
ӨĻ÷һ¡
ĳһ۴˻СƨôİôȤ
˼Ƭ̣Ⱥ򵥵ĺǽԼǲǾβһ¡
Ҫ۾ȥҪȥܣǾβĻԺΪλǵķӡ
ĵºͣоֹûκŭ⣬Ө˻Ϊᵼ·ŭգĸûдô¡
ӷӣһһ⡣
ǸӨӨȷ׼ʳ˵ڶ⡣
ǧүǸĺļ鳼ǧүһȢ˾ŸӣЩŮ˵ڶ춼̧˳ʷӣǧүô
⡭ʵˮƽ
ӨҪǲ˵ĻҲͶԼǰǰǡ
һεĲò˼ǼζʱദİݶɱɵģЩǴʲô˰ɡ
ǧүûдңѷİװֵģԹˣ˭ô
ңǲĹӣүҶӣ˴ǣ
ӷҲʡ
ӣҲҪʡ
һʱ䣬˷𣬷ıʵͷۻԾҪһĻش
Ͼպÿ춼ҪȺǶ䣬֮ദùϵ֮ء
ȺŮİ֮ıȴֻ಻٣
ڰ˷ѧ
Ůѧ׷׳ŷ񣬿еôҲǷӻ߷֮ƣֱ֮ӽŷΪĽ㡣
Ľ㣬ˡ
ҽ㣡
ѧ󣬷רõĿصǧ긮һˮ˹˵ĹȥһԵĶˡ
ǧˡһ궼ûˮô
㶮ƨ
һˮžýʣľԼѾ߶ˣʮ֮ȼյŮʰ·硣
๫أ鷿ôˣİҲӦôӳлˣҪʹһФ顣

154 ɱˣ

鷿УİŹ񣬺Ȼǰһڣһ˫ס˫ۣϤϢߣĳŮ˻װģһ䣬²˭
²˭
ȻǱΪİķˣϺõŮˣû֮һ
İ֣˫ϵ˫Уڴš
ĺٺٵЦţ˫۴İݵļϣӱ
๫ôǲǳǡ
˲ϲôǺãΪ˵ǡ
йЦݳζʮ𣬼ûп˫еɫҲܴİݵиܵů
ǲУ๫ÿ춼Ҫ˵
ǷΪ˵ʲô
˵գһһ÷̤֮Уİݵȴŷ˵Ǿ仰ǾȻĶĻ
Ȼһȵصڶߣ͸ŮӵĽĵס
ĸİݵĶϣ촽Ļȴˮеľʯ˵зһһɢ
๫˵ңֻһˡ
˵ĳһŨҵϢ鷿Уÿһÿһ˵ű˴֮İ⣬¡
ǷأǷҲӦ˵ֻΪһˡ
ң
飡
ȷ˵Щ֣鷿űƿɫص̤鷿Уɵ鷿֮ʱͺˡ
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εվԭز֪ԼӦýӦˣǧүǧ˶Ҫһ𣬶ϾҪˣԼֵĺܲʱ
ңʮֲʱ
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ءǧĻǧ긮һľӣľװŵǡǳ𵶡
飬̫ھ㵣ûű鷿
ңѹͲ֪ĻʱϷǧү
𵶣
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֮⣬ѵ֮ʱһĻĻصǵǰ
๫һФԽô
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ǧ긮鷿һѺڽŵľУаʮĳƺӦ˷ĵĴڣӡڵеĳ𵶲ϵضţҪĽӵʵȳһ㡣
أ
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鷿УֻǶڷĵΧһ˫˫Ķų𵶣гŨҵĵ⡣
ĸ֪Σǽ౶ֻΪ˱Ĳа֮˺Χߡ
ˣһФδԽ
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һФ𵶴ǧ긮˭
๫ʳһФģԭô
ŷĵĻİҡҡͷ
Ϊǰ¼֮ʱһФѾɱˡ
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һФɱ˵ĻǳΪλ֡
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һФɱ˵Ļǽ͵ǧ긮ıǱˣҲ˵ڶвһФһµɱ֡
һФˣһµɱֽ͵ǧ긮
ΨһĿԡ
һФһеҲˡ
Щʲô֮ĻȻţɲ֪ΪΣÿÿѳ𵶣жһرĸо
ǵ֮⣬Уڳ𵶵ĵ϶һµԼ
ѵ˵һԤʾʲôô
벻Ҳ벻ͨһеˣֻʣһѳ𵶾ǰ
תеĺâںڽŵ֮ϣİӣɫ˲²͸
ڽŵǧ긮ĵ£Ҫǧ긮ⷿȡ𵶣ֱǳ˵ε顣
ų𵶱Ҳ֮ĸӦһпʱƽ
ڶ죬˸磬ͳĹƲûһڴ˯ʱһЩѧþߡ˺ð죬ںڵķĿԼĽЦš

155 ۸ѧ

ǧ긮뿪ǰԺ
ʱһ΢һ룬Ӱڷǰ
òҲ֪˭ͷķĲδ̧ۣöŵʮֲƲ졣
Ҳ֪֮ôģȻŮǰԺŮһ
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ףһ·˳
ĵȻ̬ŪʮֲˬȻ΢΢̣欵ĴǰǺĻζʮ㡣
ôʱദƺѾȤǧүҲ޷㣬ñźǧκΡ
е˼Բˣ˫ԡմһɫĳ¸ǳгֵȡ
ĽеһԣǸֳһ˿Ц⣬ʳָعסֵ򦣬Ůһ㸩Լĵˡ
˵Ŀζޣ͵˲ڱ˵Ĳ˵Уء
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۸ѧˡ
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Ҹ˵ŮѧȺֻ޵ǱжôķˣǾӦڼúôţʲô飬󻹲ǼźȺˣô
صУ٩٩̸Լֱо
ΪŮ˾Ӧڼţȵͼˣĵӡ
ԺȻŮѧãһ÷ĳΪȺǵĽ
ߣЦҲȺֻ޿Ůжෳˣ˵ģֻҪڸԺһգͲ÷ĺù

156 ĸλ

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Ө嵶Ȼ֪Ŀеֱаʲô˼Ļʵ
ƾʲôŮӾûȨЩ֣ͱҪڼźȺˡ
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үСС͹ûѧᣬͲҪѧ˼赶Ūǹ
ǣŶɣһΪԼǺ֯ߵﶼܺ绽ô
е;Ҫе飬Լξߺţʲô¶һ˵
ղŵĺݾȥˣҪôǺŽô
֪ﲻҸһĻᣬֻҪʮ˸һʱңұ뿪ѧԺ
ĵһһ㶣Ϊ׵ʮ໥˶Էһۣеɫƺʲôһ㡣
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ϣСүŪ¶СүšŭһӷӿټϷűĳ裬һҪ÷ĹѧԺ

157 Բ

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һߣȱ嵶͸Ө嵶ĺԺ̵ţĶֽ
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ǣĲ䲻ֻͣǿԼҵݲ׿һǻʲô
֮£һһ߽زʮˣһһҺϧĳˡ
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Ů˵ΪҪĪ˵Ķĺûˣ
תһûԣǧ̫࣬ôû˺ӡ
Ǻİݱڶ֪Ŀеûʲô˼
˲˵
֣ǽڷָĨȥ۽ǵۣŻгŮˣİݸۡ
ջصۡ׹ӳ¶ϢͣεԺ㿴ģķġ
֪ԼӵԸǲʲôҪԭ򣬶Ȼ޵ġ
ɵãһ˫еĺ鲼ţǲϵıŷɱ¥еһĵѡ
İݰοţĵȶЩ޵ı֮⻹ԴԴϵĴÿһëɢ
ûˣǮûˣûˡ
һᵽǮۣԭȶӿķš
ŻʱԼϻŰѾ˺̹ǵĳС
ɶǮһƱһŽƱǶһǮһǮġ
һֶûˣһǮûˡ
ܲôܲеô
๫ǮûˣҵǮûˣˮˣ
Խ˵ԽޣԽԽġ
ҪİڷߣԺ֤ܿȥ
оգΪԭ޵ģˣ
ǺԺİǱΪǮû˲ʹ޲ֹԭŪΣҲġ
ˣ
̾һİݽӵ뻳
ްΪǮǷ˵Ǯϲôô
İ仰ٴ̧ͷӣʮŨصİ仰ɵ档
๫˵Ķô
ǧȷΪʲôʱƭ㡣
ǲ׼˿ҵ㻨Ǯʲôʲô
ã˵ʲôʲôӴԺΪƷ˵㻨Ǯˡ
İݵĻ÷ΪЦԻʹʧ޿ǿ
ǧǧ˶˵Ķ֮٣ͺһԵľܼҹǰİݺͷ
ǧˣūǾĹܼңһǧ˺үΪԭ׹ˮС
Ĺܼ˵Ļ˶Ҫ֪ģĺö˶˵Ĵôʯ׹ȥġѲִˣ

159 ΪôǮ

ܼ˵ڼ䣬һ
ı֣ƺһʧĸоСƨеʧΪʲô
ŶҺͳϴˣڳϴ̬ȹϣһûע͵ȥˣΪֲĿѧ׹ˮвܡ
Ǻı㽫˻ڹѧСʧˮΪ÷Ӳ캮ˮ˵ĺ˺¡
ĵĻȻǲŵġ
ȻĸոԺʱѣĹϵνâ
ԾӵԸϴ󣬼ֱЦ
ڼ便ʲôֻ˲ȻĶô˵ˣҲ;ǹȥˡ
Ǹ
ĿǰľܼңƺʲôΪѡ
ܼҺƵЦţŷһ
ǧʲôֱ˵ǣūȻתҼү
ãҾ˵˹
ӣ˵ԼҪ˵Ļ
ϾôõĻΪɢģνԩͷծծҲӦõġ
ǸʲôҲСˣΪǼӣ˱Ļ˳صףԡ
֮Ļ˵Ҳס
ľҪ⳥ʧ
ԣ
ľ˼
ԼܵǮôɢİݴӦ⻨Ǯһ棬ҲҪӾ̻һЩʧǣҪȻĶԲԼ
ǧ˷ģūȻתү
ǾУҲȫ⳥Ȿ˼ƱʲôģˣƱ˻һЩСܶҲиٰʮ
һһż۸ȫȫİݵı飬ֱ߶߶˵Լʧתͷע⵽İһ൱ơЦݡ
๫ô˼ô˼һẦߵġ
⡭
һʱڿ죬Ȼˡ
ЩǮ˽ǮԱʱֻ·õġ
Ƶĺ֣ΪȻ֪˴ôǮ
û뵽Ů˲˶Ľ
Ƿŵһ˿֮⣬Ǳץ˵ĵһ㣬İȻ׷ĴôǮ;ΪΡ
ԭֵСӻ˺֡
֪ĴһЩǮȴ뵽һ˾޶߿
ãܺá
ٺ٣๫Ŀң˭ҿ鳼ǧӣ๫ĸ
Цıжôˣĸоİ۵¶ЦЦ飬ĵװԽ⡣
๫ʲôѽһȥҸóԵѽʲôӵʣֻҪ๫ԣľԸ๫
ղһίʱ˿ѾȻ޴棬˼ǰķǲΪλˡ
ǵеĿһ顣
žǧǰ˵Լ๫ļ鳼ԣ߹Ҳֻзĸô˵ˡ
Ǿǧ谮Ůˡ
ˮʱһ䣬ıİݽӻ˸ϣҲĹܼҽ˻ȥ
ԺǰԺžǧ긮;ʧУųһһŵ
ǧ긮鷿
һ·ϣİݶһֺر۹⿴ŷģķļ
鷿Уȷˣ߿ԼڸѧԺΡ
๫ǲ֪ڵĺӶˣһ۸ͷˡ
ĽԺİݣҽڰ׵ߵһԵб
ŮҲ̫ܹˣҪۿ˶Ȼᱻƭ
Ҳ֪˭һʮ˸˴ĺ޻֮
ˣ㾿ԭˮ
İ޳ָŷĵĳŻੲݵŮӣΪˮ
ĵӣȻ˷ìܡ
֮ԣİҪ֪ˮԭʲô
ôҪΪһЩСìܶѡ
İѶĿ⣬ջǽʯϷԭԭ˵˳
˵׵ʱİ˫۰
ǺĶӦòŽȥġ
Ȼ򿪺ӵʱ򣬿ӺƮɢİ֮ʱлһֲ;֮⡣
˾ԲֳɫңȻϲǸŰ輰ΪǵСԣ⼸ζݵĽӴǶٵ˽һЩԸ
ԣĸȷǴ׽ŪԼİȷȷʵʵ޹ء
Ǻİ׻ʲô˷Žȥġ
ŷһĨӿֶϾ׾õġ

160 ûȥԺ

Ǻѹ򵽰׵ģңҪǼǵģǻʼ֮ˡ
ֻҪѰȥ֪һ
ȥ˼ҪﵽʲôĿġ
׵ȼܵͣһ¶ڿһ˿ĻǱȼյʱ¶˵ﲻ׵ȼ㡣
ɰ׻ȼˡ
⣬˼ˡ
׷ںҪɱҪɱء

ǧꡣ
ǰϥڵϵȴİݵ
˳Ű׵ȥ
ǣǧꡣ
һʧ鷿С
ĸ๫ȥ๫ʲôѽ
ʱķҲİݵĻڶߣԷֹĳ׷˽С顣
ɲȷĻһ㱻һ˫ִס˻С
һȵϢӶϴŪ÷ĵģġ
ɫ尡ʧǧźޡ
ģҪᶨ
Ϊ֪ŪôǮ
İ˫ӵŷģһһĸţеÿһַ͸żµ÷ĸ궯ѡ
ĥ˵Сǹ·ҧ
ء
Ϊ˵д;Ժѵ˵ҪЩǮѰֲɡ
Ժ
ûУ๫ҪҷĵƷԺʲôطҶ֪ʼϲֻ๫һˡ
Ŷ
һŶβϵóģİ޳ָµһֱյĵ򦣬ָİС˫˫˿ɿڵķҷ
֪˶ãǻ£Ѫ
˾ΪǼãǹԺȺǼ߳
⣬Ĵ⡣
ħŷĵ࣬͸˿˿˰ѳֲס
࡫
ſˮեɡ
๫ûȥԺΪҴƷ֤
ǺͣһŹŴĹԺִĻɶ𣬽˶ѣǽ˶ѡ
ֻô
ģϴΪСߴ··˹ԺȻԺС͹ңֻ๫ʼչֻ᳹๫һΪĿ꣬ԲȥԺϹġ
Դǵķ飬ұ֤յֻİһ˶Ʋۡ
Ϊһء
һĨЦ⹴ڴǣİһθǰҧŷĵĶظղ˵Ǿ仰
Ϊ֪Ҫι᳹Ϊ¡
๫Ȼޣˣܱô
ԴɫصĲ˲ЩıѪ
ȻǸŮˣɱİõ߶ֱˣȻûߡ
ǡҲסҪİƵեһǧεԡ
ģ
̫һǹģһǣ
գĿһ˿սʤԡݺݵҧһİ뿪鷿
һʧеӰİʳŷűҧĴǣԡĿЦεҡͷ
ĳһ仯ѾҲ޷ѹסˣҺ÷ȥ޷Ρ
ģǸ
ա
ݣ
군ˣ군ˣ
ֳٵˣ
ݣ
Ѿϰ𴲵ķһ۾͹ʱ䣬ʱٴϴͷûüֱϰ࣬һŵϵ˸Ժ
Ѿ޷ģԺĹʶ˵ʮҪ
˿ŵϴүı˫米ѾӵĳŮѧõȥ
;ʯϵʱһӰסȥ·
ˣ
£Ŀԡ
㡭
ģΪСүСүͻм㣬һ¶һ¶СүԾɲϲ㡣
ȷĿڣһ仰֮Լ롣
ͷ֮վŵ꣬ƲƲôж񾭲
ϾѾ˽ʮƱ˹ȻʧЩǮ󣬵ҲķĻʮƱİݸûˡ
ÿÿһĻ۵ĲҪҪġ
ı˫米ʯţһ̣һֻץס
ôţһô

û˵ֻǵͷŷ½ǵֻţðβűĳƨ
İ˭ҷŵģС
ʲô
Ѿ˭ںġ
һ׶ΰϸһʰ׵ǻʹ˳ȥԴͷָʹĳһշĹˡ
ԣλѾΪӡ
һ˿⸡УȻĵôԺһǡõ֪ļƻҽ׺ͺԭеĶ
ôʱûʲôϢΪѧˣû뵽ǻȻôССĻᶼŹŷŪԣܿԡ

161 ұˣ

лл㡣
ϸӬ˵ŷƮɢڿС
û˵ʲôֻһ㡣
˵ɶ
ǲǣǹҪѱӣҸ㣬Ӻû꣬Ϊ˱ӾƽϢ֮ĳޡ
£˦ȥͷҲصĴǰţڷĿǺߡ
ӣˡ
һ仰˲ǵըëŷķųһݻ󼫿׿±˷ʲô
ϡ
̫߳ˣܺӻ˵лл
û뵽ǸܺӣǸȻ˵һ㣬ױԻû޿ɾҩĵز
ᡣ
ΪǮҲữӰ
ڸԺһεķǰ°࣬ѧԺ˫ա
ڷ˵һϲ£첻ˡ
๫ɶȥѽ
ŷѯİյİг̡
кΰţ
Ⱥѧ˵԰ϷǣָŪƱȥϷѽ
ʱϷͶʮһͿӰ࣬յ̨Ϸ߹ǵģҲұұ٣İԼῪ֮һЩߵ顣
ȻǲܷģֻԲ
Ȼʢ룬ΪȻ˵Ҫ󡣡
๫˼ܲԸء
ɶ˼
ȥϷǸĥ
ҰҰ죬ļһ
ʱ˽һŷϣŷŷռ֡
Ŀ˿ֿ˿İݣһ޹
ûȥԺС磬ԲǹԺȺСдģ׵ġ
ŴĹԺЩ׶ʲôħֵģսԺõṳ̂ԺһûйС硣
ûС
İһĨЦЦɫĹһſˮ
ǧˡǷš
ҪôӾжôıӡ
ǲô
ã
ǧүڹԺǰϹ
Ĳ֪İڹԺǰ˾ʱ˿̵ķεЦţЦҪôӲжôĽӲ
ٺ٣Ҿ˵ǰɡ
ڨЦţ˷š
ֽϰֵֽݲɵüͷ
дҪŮȫصҪ飬رĵĴ
ûйעҵĶͻȻҪҵĻȥԨҪʲô
๫Ϸˡ
ްʲôʱ˿գΪһȥϷɡ
İݵĿ⵭ɨһдŷֵŷ⣬ŵķеĿӣЦһθ۽ǡ
̸̸ղŵ⡣
⣬ʲô⣿
ɶҪ̸ô
Ϊ棬ڿżĵһΪλ˵һ
š
˰ҲûһĽͣգһ˫޹Ĵ۾һĨŨҵЦݸڴǣУϡ
๫Ұ㣬о˺ϣͣ
ûˣΪʱ䣬ȥ鷿ֿɺá
Ȼ˿ɺĵİݵľٶ˿ûиܵʱ䡣
׼֮ʱİݺץס˷ĵ󣬲俸ڼϳ鷿ȥ
๫ҪҴˣҲҪ֣
ҹУصŷĵһҽпȵĹһ˺ëֱ
ұˡ
գҡ
ҵʱѾˣ鷿бİݲ˵Ļ棬ݺᡣ
дʮֽ֣ű׼˯
ǴӹԺǰ·ôǿһ۹ԺСôûʲô˷ָľٶ
Ҫ¸Ǽˣ
ˡ
ǿѹͷߣҲдʮҳˣԺ·Ժ߱ˡ
һ˫ȦĽ˷ҡ
ʱյķȻĿеĺŴ壬ųߵĵλҵŮڹΪӣٶĽĴڡ
ʵ򣬷ѾǴǰķңķǿиɣԴӷұɱʮ֮󣬷Ҽһǧɡ
յ˵ʮˣһҹʮ˱ɱذҪκһط䶯Ҳᱻ߶ӣοҵĵŮĻڹΪ
ɻʵ۽֣δʲôοʵıʾɵҲеĵ
ңѾΪ˹ȥʽԻѾôˡŷԨɵͬʱҲΪϻʵĴָԽţϻʵһѲթϻӹ޵С齻İݴԼɣʵĳ൱֮

162 Ԩɱ

Ҫ֪ڵĴû̫ӣӶᴢ֮λ
֮УޣƺԼ߻ᴢ֮λĺѡˡ
λӱԼֵ֧ľѡ֮˵ӡ
ӱүݣԬϽҲзִ塣
ϻʵһФشʱǣĸӵƽԣò˵һµĺµµɽС

֮Ѳ²⣬˭֪һ˭ᵹùء
ҲֻΪһǹˡ
ǧˡ
ǧˡ
ǧˡ
ҵǿ֮ʱԾ£һһ߼ȥٴ¶һ㣬¶鲢ǷΪ
ɵҴȷȷʵʵĿ˷Ǵ˼ӰҲѹֻ־ġ
ҴѾۼ˴˷ӿŵķˡ
һεش˴룬ǷԨδڸУҪΪһФµˡ
˸λڴλϵķԨһʱδԨƺ˶ʮһ
ҳ¶ԨС
֪ǰһʱЩ飬ȻһЩصʧб峤һգ´Իָͣյٹ⡣
Ԩе˵޷ҪĹ֮ʣȥȷԨ˵뿪˴һεڷҡ
֪䣬Ϊ֣˺Ժ
ưܲĻԺһƬǽ壬էһΪǹݡ
˶ӵĻϹӼѵĻ
ָ֣ĴԺеʯԺвϵػصźܾúܾǰĻ棬ϹĺͷǧĸŮ˵Ļ档
ǰȻ࣬ĸŮһʲôˣʳܾʹĥ
ϹˣǧԶϹңԭҲڳ

̾Ϣţʯϣڱ˵ܰ䡣
һĻĻ֡
ʱһŲ
Ԩſ֦죬һߵ󣬶ԭֵջУеɱɢ
ڸղһ̣ԨŷĵıӰɱ⡣
ɱ˷ģһжԽ˰ɡ
ӦԼʱ֣һᡣ
ĵĻص֮䣬еЦھҲڳЦŷԨղŵľٶжô޴
ԴԨںԺ͸оɱ
ԨɱǸôЦЦ
ϷʱڣΪʱû㡣
Ԩ˵ԼĻںޡ
ڷ֮ʱ㽫պغڷ齫Ҳˡ
ŷԨǾ伸Ǵ͸ĺ⣬Ļվعͷ㲵ߡ
ϧ¼ûкҩվûɱңǰûҲܡ
һһĻصںԺУصڷԨĶߡ
βģκڣɷԨòϣԼѾûҷˡ
Һܺһ飬ϣ峤Ϊҽһ
ԨעĻӦ÷Դӷĳ֮𣬱δڽйһס
ϧзʼնûκμֵһССϸڸ벻ֱۣһ̷Ԩŷ⡣
ԨûڷͬĬϣ˵һֱҪʵ⡣
û´ĻӦ֪ϹϹҵŮݣϹ˷ָľٶͲϹҵ鷳ô
ȻĺŴ󻧣Ϲҹ˼ȣɳĮеɳһ㣬ûκοɱԡ
ɷľͲˣ֪ϹݷԨ㣬ͲϹҵ˰ѷô
Ϊ㡣
ִӷԨ
ΪģԨŻὫϹĸŮ
Ϊң
ԣΪɱǵ񡣡
Ԩһ仰ɡ
ĳ֮գɱƾ̰֮ʱ콵
շǰ;һλˣָһŮضΪ£Ϊ֮
֪ҳɱ֮Ȼ꼰ңųն
ʮǰԨڷĳ֮սɱɰϹ飬Ҷ˷ĳʱ䣬ϹҲŷԺ
۰Ϲ񣬵Χڷ߷ĹԽԽֹ࣬һҪɱԾ󻼣ÿÿûϹ
գΪ˷òĸŮ˽ںԺ𡣡ֱ֮շģ֮÷Ϊӣ

163 

ĵڷԨѾĲҪˣ׼ȷ˵ԷǧΪҪЮ÷ĴİеȡɽͼܳɹĻʶõ顣
ʱ򣬷ĶȻᱻİɱһ˫Է˵õĽ֡
˭Ҳ뵽ĲûбİɱһúúõأǱʵ۷ͳΪھˡ
Ԩ˼⣬Ϊһ¶֪˵ŮΪ㣬֮ʱûκλſ־֮ˡ
Ŷԭˡ
ʳŴǣһ˿Ц⸡С
ԭԨҲ֪ɱ֮ˣΪɣһ۰ŮȫȫĶɱҡ֮С
˵⽨ź˰
ģϷ뽫ɱ󻼣ϷԼûʵ
˫ۣԨеɫûһ˿һ׶ŮĿǷ֮ΪԼĴ˽ֻ֮ˡ
ǴڿʼĺͷҲûκιϸ
ǷģǷҡ
ӽ𣬷彫
ǷԨĽΨһԵɡ
ķҲܲסκδݲУһеĵΪġ
Ҫ÷Ҫĳ׵׵Ļޣ
ϳһ飬ǴűϿɡ
ʷֻзشòŻᱻҲᱳһֱһ̡
˽ҶһҲǹ»Ұֻء
Ԩĵִȥʲô˼Ȼö˵
ɷԨ뵽ľȻһνɫȫȻ¶ϡ
ͷҲǧԵֳˣһǧԣϲֻ治ںĮ塣
ûκĵı顣
˵ˣֻǺͷйأѾǻˡ
ԵĻ϶ˡ
ûҾˣ¶鷳峤Ը֮ǹⲻȥ¶дŲͺˡ
ȫȻںԨǸʲô飬ëϵ
ǷԨӷҵϳҲŹκһ˵ģ
֮Գٳû֣ΪһϾ˼ҵĴڡ
ڳʱ䣬ʹӰ׵һһݻٷҺˡ

Ҫˣоã
ԺУһһʧеİŮӣ֪ΪԨоȻӿһ˿˿⣬õԤȻ
ڷʧ֮ʱһӰڷԨߡ
ףΪβɱ˷ġ
һ˫кΪŨңΪγٳûж֣л뿪ҡ
Ԩ̾һ˵һ仰һ÷ĸǲĻ
ģԺ󲻿Ƿġ
Ժз֪ǺνǧѾֵ飬Ѿ˰׵
׵ΪڸǹȥˣһΣô
ףĴǼ˺ô
ˮ֮½˫ȭɣеĺŨ
֮Ի䵽زΪģΪһٶıơ
Բ÷Ĺ̹
һβɾΣβɾΣֱܽɱΪֹ
֪ŮԸķԨô᲻֪ʲôɵɫŷ򲻿
뿪ҵķĲ֪ԨͷĸŮ˵ʲô
֪ҲϣˮͣҳҪʧġ
һ۷ң׼ǧ긮
ǧ긮İ·ϱһȺ˸
ÿһ˫ǰ·Ԭϣ΢΢ü
ԬΪ·
ŸͷԬĿͬŷģһ˫ҲУһΪκԬжǴײ˵Ʒ֡
ͷǧ˺ͱһˡ
ַɶˡ
Բۣ
ַɶ¶ˣֵþץô
ǧ뱾һ˱ǡ
Ԭûи߷ʲôУµ滻һȺ˳ǧ긮෴ķŶǵĳȥ
еķһ±ƣҪʲôȥ
ȥ
ǧ˵Ļȥǽ
ǽȥʲô
ĸǲ⣬ö˶˵ȥǽʲôֵطɲȥڶˡ
ϣһȺµֻùԹԵǰĿĵء
ˣһʱ֮ͣ
ϴǸطǰ죬ɭֲ˺ܶࡣ
ĴĿڱ֦Χ˲ӿǰ

164 Զ

ԬˣҪиɰɣԵ޹ʵİ°˹֪ĻΪзǷ֮ء
Ȼĵһ仰ǵԬ˫˱ı飬ӣ
ԬµĴ˷һһ£ǳųŭȻ
汾ٽȥ
ǣǸԬ˰컯֮Ůһң¶๫֪ĻûͰ
ԺûκιϵֻǴǰ·ˣͱİĥİ
Ҫİ֪ԼԬһͬһ£̫С۵ĳ̶ȣһǧҲͲ壬ʱǵһƤɡ
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ĲδԬ˵ԭǲϲŮˣǲϲŮˣպೡϣ䶼ĳŮԲɶ֮ˡ
߹һһ֦ڸǵĵ·ԬܺͷԼһȺС
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ЩǷô
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ԬʳǷİݺץһФʱûзʲô쳣顣
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һһζ
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Ԭ˵ӵ˾ٱǽ˷쳣ǰ;˴ӷҹķģԾһĻ
Ҳ֪ʲô
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165 İɣ

ԬܵԴšԿ˿װľʲô⡣
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ڿȷһ飬һФɱ֮˶ͨĵɽ֮С
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һФǧʬγʬأӶٴˡ

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İݻڻʹдδ飬鷿еĹϿ飬ſű˯˹ȥ
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ʬҡҷţһɫ˫ۣƺڿŲġ
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166 ˼Ҳû͵

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һǲŹκõҲİݻ֪ЩʲôԼעȫתƣİݵϣһɫĻҪصǰˡ

İظŷ˵Ļһ˫۰š
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ʮа˾ţ๫Ӧüǵǰ¼εǼ飬ȥһˣټԬ˵һЩ飬ҾóϱǾһԱһФҲΪ
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167 ĺ

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168 ҽ

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š
ʰ飬Ļ³һΪĺ˿ڡ
ʱһαҹÿǰǧ긮ͨһڿĺң㲻ȥˡ
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˺ܶ໭棬ǶʱķСĺһ֮ʱܰ˵ĳǣЩȴһһʧڷǰֱȫɢ

169 ˭

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ǿ֦ϻƫƫݻƵҶϮƬҶǿĽ֦ϡ
ɫ԰׵ĺĿſ֦ϵļƬҶĿһ˿˿Ͳ˼ʲôһ㡣
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ϿһʧĺңϢ̾һ
ĺʧӦҲǲеңܻͲˡɽ׹䣬ټЩҩݵҩԣĺҵĲһЩãʧ֮һ

170 ô

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ɱ
УվһƬɫĻС
ǰһһĻڷСļڽʧձ͸ɫʡ
磬ҲûзСˡҲûˡ

171 ħ

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ԺѾ֪ϸұʾ⣬ǿۼ칤ʶѡ
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Ƕǹٻ˼ҵŮĸǴС͸˽ʶ֣Ȼûзĳڳʫôܶ鶼ڻ¡
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֨һƿׯľš
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ׯľƿһɲǣľ崲ϵʬһŮǰ֮ʱֻһظԭڻҪ߳ʮϵػڷĵĶߡ

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172 ʬô

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İеĵ֮⣬ҡҡͷİ˵Žׯ顣
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173 ΪʲôŮӲѧҽ

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ͣͣͣղһǧôھͱһǧһֶ١ջǰ˽Ǯ£Ӧ˷ÿ춼һЩʱȺǧСʶҩݡ

174 ϷԷٺٺ

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176 ʵ

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ԣĲŻŮӰѧԺӽѧѰֵĶ󣬶Ⱥһⵣεġ
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177 찡죡

ѾǴ죬︴գȥ˰ɫɪɫϢŴء
°ķĻصǧ긮ԶԶľͿһ޳ӰվԺУһȥİݵı
๫û˼Ұ
˻ˣһɻá
Ŷȵĺİݻعͷ޳ָصŷĵĶͷǳͶúܣԽ÷ҪİƵԸ⡣
ܺð๫ŵʲô
ע⵽İŵӣӡ£ӦǻʹĶ
ǴԵӣҲз˵֣ոԺ˫ݣΪһǰʼԳμӴԡ
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⼸֣ʱǷСʱ򣬷ԨŷĺͷǰʼԳμӴԣֻܺ͵ܵܶΪںԺլ
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һ֣۾ˢˢ˸⡣
ԴӾеСⶼɢ֮ÿһǮԷ˵ǼΪҪģ
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178 ıɱ׷ж


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179 ƾʵô͵

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ڣѾκϣˡ
ԴеǮ乫֮Ѿʧȥɫʡ
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˵Ŀڷĵϣ˭֪ľںĺ˵һ仰ƾʵģô͵ء

180 Ųô

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˱һ仰˵ƿԣȫ߸ǵۡ
㽻һӹ˵ģڹ򡣡
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ԬĿתһȻԵõİݣš
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˳Ļ˿ڵıŶԷĵӡ
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˫ŵķһ˿Ǻ顣ɲǼ䣬Ӱһǰг£ųһ޻˵˫ۡ

181 Υɱ

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ʱİԬ˿֮µİӰ˵ĿǾۼڷĵϣ֪ʲôݴʱ˿е𺳡
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ڵɱսĽʿҲδйʹɱ⡣
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182 Ǽ֮

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183 һ˼ɷħ

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184 ҪΪʦ

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Ϊǧ˷ģҲѺ乬֮Уò뿪
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һжǷںºҪڴϰɱû뵽ķչȴԶԶԤϷΧ
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185 ԨҪ

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186 ˭

ηУŲķԨعһ˫ǵӿųǰķġ
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ŷԨǾ䳰ȷһĨЦ⹴ڷĵĴǣЦм޾ĺ⡣
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ǷԼǷҵĵŮģֻǸδڳʱ䶯ֵԹ߶ѡ
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ûзԨ־ҲԭķСԾҲڷСϡ
Ǿ仰ǷģѾԭķġ
ҪŪΨһİ취ŪǸˡ
˵Ҳã˵ҲգɴδϹԼʲôˡ
ĵĻ÷ԨһӵĻ˻ȥãǲϵڣƺ֮⡣
ŷҵѪһɺá
ǷԨҷΪһҪҲ
Ѿįˣ÷˶ܵǣ
ֻҪһŷҿԶɽ
ĵһ仰ȴǳ׵׵Ķ˷Ԩеϣһ˿ϣ
ҼûǵĻӦüǵõ֮ʱѾҴӷҳˡ
㵱һҲ飬֮
ۡ
ԨǾ֮ЦЦԽԽ󣬽ĻС
Ҽ⻰ʵЦ
֮
ĸԼĺʱҪ
ĸ׻ԼĺڻլԺ
ĸ׻ὫԼŮӣ޸һΪֹˣ͵δ֪ĵ֮С
Ǹ׻ôġ
Ԩҵǰ˵֮ЦЦ
⻰Ǵӱ˿˵һжһǴӷҼ˵Υô
ģ㵱顣
ԨһŷģҲ˷ԨȷĻش
Ĳҷģǣǵ˽յҡ
кâһ㿴ŷԨ
Сеġ
һֱĸͷȴһգԾˡ
ҲΪСϵο
ΪСȥԲȺƤ
ģ㵱ΪԼԳ׵׵ô
أһĨЦڷԨУƵЦƺ˵ʲôİŷоǽ䱸֮⡣
ʲô˼
峤Ȼû㵽һߵһҲ׼Ӧò֪ڷǧԵıϻһͼͼҵƤ
ŷԨÿһÿһ仰кŨҡ
ԨԨ
㾿ɥĲ˺ֵزΪ˷ȻΨһĶһ
峤Ȼ֪λڣϹҵضϷǣ÷³Ұ֮С
һĨƵЦԤϵʲôԨзǰҲΪ˷ҵˣû뵽ľĮ
Ȼ飬ͱˡڷǧԵıѰɽͼֻҪĲͳȥὫˣʱı£ϹӴҲ޷ѹ֮
±ȫǧԡ
ģ峤һʱ俼ǡˡ

187 ʵҲǷ

ϵķվű߿η
һӦڵϣԭŵηľŻ
ôھʹñ峤ȥҲ»ô
°
ӸµĿŷԨеɫ쳣䡣
ˣô׷飬Ҳһʬѡ
㣡
ꡭ
һηУһӣж˷Ԩ򦡣
ڷԨֽ϶ż˷ĵɱҪЩʲôҲѾˡ
ϲľǱв
Įû˼͸ĿŷԨ֮ͬ˵ı顣
ħȻ¡
Ǳȶ߸ֲֻġ
ħһ˶䣬ûжλᱻΪħߡ
ΪԨٵŸ֮飬ᡣ
ԨǲǺܺڵûɱңŶԣ˵ˡ
أһ˿õЦصڴǣİŷЦк;÷Ԩ־ĻӷĿеʵ
Ӧ˵ǲǺܺڵûɱ˷ģҷǧԵܣҲһܣʵҸͲǷޡġ
ЦԽŨңɱ⣬ˡ
ŷ۵׵ɱԨϵĺţɱǱǽѾ޿ˣȴɻŷ˵Щ
ڳ֮ˣһĨԵĶ꣬˷Сϣԡ
ĶķذףԼֱϻһ˿ڡ
˲䣬Ѫɫ͸˰¡
δδ𣬴ӷֱѪһһεĵڵϣȷԨ֪ΪλԼ֮ʱһذ׼Ϯݺݵشࡣ
ԣûκιϵ
һذףûԨࡣ
вʵķԨŭ˫ۣĿĶŷġ
֮ǰʲô
ԭ
ԭǷġ
˷֮⣬ûκ׷Ԩ˫Ҫ顣
㲻ɱ
Ԭܵ
Ļվ֮ʱһź¶ȵЦ⡣
Ҳûɱ˷ҼǷҼҪذףҴˣԺɱء
̧ѾѪ͸˵ۣʾԼǱԨˣһз鶼ղ˵һģһ
һһһһߵԬǰͷʧȥѪɫЩ԰׵ЦŨ
һǰԬΪƽβԬӦϣƽĳɳɡ
Ŀеһ仰Ҫ˼ѾҪϸ˵
Ԭе˼
Щ˷á
ЩǰѣϾǷҼߵʱһЩĺãͷԬˡ
ĸ񣬶˵뿪˴¼Ρ
Ԭվԭأŵ˫ۿǵʧеӰеţƺһɢȥ
Ԩˣı乬Ѿ׵ûϣ
ĻЩϾ֮²ǳ֣ʵЩˬ
뿪˴¼εķûлǧ긮˼á
õһѪķŵಡ췸ˡ
ѾͷôŪģôö˶˵ľء
Լãϣһ㡣
ʹüͷۣ޲ðѾͷԿǴ򿪿澿װʲô
޶˶˵ԲУ˿ڻֱϣŮӼΪעѾͷȴƫƫϴ£ҩΣҲֲסѾͷԼԼ
ϣϡ֣㡣
㻹ϣϹ㽻Ϸ岻ʱϷϹ峤
úýѵһģ᲻ãȻԹţµȴ˺ܶࡣ
ٺ٣ⲻ³ô
ĺٺٵЦţ˵¼з飬ȻǧԵǼ³⡣
ǧԱŹɽͼԽ֪ԽãǲϣΪϵİȫ롣
ɽͼĲɵ뿪֮ǰдһţᵽһɽͼĲƬλá
ǶǸ鷳ڿҲǱĹؼ
֮أԨˣ
š
Ǵ˿ڻǴκη飬ֻҪԬܲ˵ʱ뿪֮ʱѾԨνϣҲȻ
֮˱пɺ֮뵱ԨҲһô䵽ĺ֮ء
ѾڶЩͷˣ˵ǿ˳ɳ
Ҳֻ̾Ϣ޳ʱԨҲһб֮ˣȨ֮£һ˽˳ġ⣬ˣʱᱻҡ

188 ²

ˣ벻
ΪΣЩõɮ볬ѣҪϣҪõɳ񣬳䡣
ֻҪһ죬ԶҲ޷
Ԩˣİڴˣڴˡ
ڱ˿ҵַҵһжͷ벻˹ϵΪĵԭ򣬲Żᵼ·ڵĽ֡
ǵ·ֱס
ȥһ룬֪ڷⳡ֮УʼնһĽɫ
ҩޣ֮з飬ԲǷԵɡ
ֻԸԼ۾
ˣҵʹ˸һˣ˵Ҳڻɢ
Ͻֱϵ˿ڰã۵ĿһǰŮӡ
ԹֻԹ˷ңļ塣
ԬĲ˵ʲôô
˶ԷĵۣϸǵԬܡ
ԬΪ䣬ӸĴ󽫾Ȼ֪Ԭܾ֪飬ֵĻô
İɣֲ۵ĽɫƽĽ
гұ֤ԬܾԲὫϴ¼зϱϡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣŰӵֱۣε̾һ
һʱҪһЩˡ
ˣˣϷҲȥǧ긮ˡ
ƺʲôһ㣬뿪Ƭ֮ʱжš
ǹ˴Ӹдţ͵Ϸ
Ͻŷڷǰת˿˵Ļ
ԭĻص˳ǵʱ򣬱㾭дŸģǳٳٲҲµһضİݽż÷ûյš
Сɰ
˺ŷ⣬żŰֽдݣϤ͸ֻڹĲеᣬмжһůϢ
һ룬Ļص˳ҲЩʱˣΪֻһµޣڿ˼ӦǳʲôѲ顣
дĻص˳ʱ䷢һЩȤţ÷ĹЦ
ϣôʼĵ
ĵĻǵһİۣǱ˵֪һ㡣
ĵŲûǧ긮ʼĹǽΣһһ֮С
ЩŻǾǧ긮ͱ˸ǸɵҲ֪бè塣
ѾͷϷһ鶼㡣
ϾֱҪһЩҲϹ׵ġ
ϹдֱʷĵĻѾͷԸԲ̻¶䡣
ʲô
ĺ;µ˺ô
Ҫʵı⡣
֯߹Ӱν֮Զ̸֮ɫ䡣
ǣûһԭ򣬾ɱ־Բ˵Ұ֮УͺñȾµһФ
˵ǰһʱһЩ˿ӡ
ôͻȻҪЩ
һʣһ㻹дô
˷һۣϸоԼĺĶˡ
ˣ˵ˣСӡ
ıһı鿴ĺ֪һС
մϷǷµɱϴɱû뵽־Ȼᳯһ˵ķչ
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Ȼ߹֯µɱֶǸ֣ȻºͷĺҪڴɱɳɱɱǲЩ̫ڶϷˡ
֪ǲԼĴоһδɱĿĲΪɱǶԷŭͷ飬õĽǷҵ
ϸϸָоԽǿš
Ҫ֪µһФƾһ˱ŪĻ̻̣֮ʹԴɱʮ˱Ƚȫȫ׶԰ɱ֡
Ӧòô
ϣǲϹͷ̽ģ
Ŀϵ˼ҲͷӦŷġ
ȷʵ⹫Ҵ̽ģѾͷ÷֮Ի䵽˵زռкܴĹϵô
˼˵ǹģ
ôһ˵ĸȷԼ뷨
Ѿͷ⹫ϹҺ͹˼˴鷳;ǰ벻˸ϵķ˵ģ˲òдһЩ顣
ҲµûĻ¹÷ڴԴɱңúеìͷָ˷ң÷ĵĴֱӲ˷ҡ
ڣдڵȫ⿪ˡ
ʼգͷҶֻǾµӣ˶ѡ
Ŀ÷ģҴγò˵ڣһµǾ

189 ѧΪʲô

赶ɱˣɷĵֲ˷ңɱ˷Ԩ
ĺܲ
ڶԾµһ˿Ȥ
ڲ֪гΪϵӡ
Եģϲ
ѾͷôЦǲܱ֮ͱܣĪҪһʱ
һϵı飬Ͼ֪Ѿͷʲô⡣
򲻿ɡ
˼ҺϹ߹˵ǰé壬ɼˣҲֻܺ;µ˿ƽѣռһ˿˿ıˡ
ɲ÷ĶԾʲô˼ǳʲô⣬ôϹ
ѾͷӦϷĪҪ嶯
еĹ֮⣬Цţһ˫ŵ˿еɫΪΣԽˣԽк
һߣԬ
Ԭ鷿УԬԬ棬һ˫ѵ
ףҲ⡣
Ԭܲ⣬ԼΪҪִĵǰɱ˷Ԩԭֹĵľٶջûг֡
˷һС
Ԭܣܶʱ˶ɼģΪƽ룬һвⶼԵȻ
ԬĻԬףЩ޷Լе뷨
ףľʲôˡ
ġ
ŷ֣ԬüͷµĿһ֣أ΢΢̣мЦ⸡ֶ
ǸŮһΣյĴڣĿǰҪ֤İȫƽȶ֮ǰĻ
֪ˣס
ʱԶǧ긮ķĸᵽԬԬܷӶ˵ʲôڵķڽİݵġŭ𡯡
๫˼Ҵô˼Ҳôˡ
һֻèһİݵĻУС˵ۣ۵İһӡ
ˣ۵ĪΪʲôΪɣαŪԼ
İؽԼһ˫еۺıֶ
֪䣬֮ŵС˼Ѿȫʧˣֻʣ¶˶Ա˴˵ʵĹġ
ĺٺٵЦţĵĸоá
ϲһ˺αںݣûΣһӣˡ
˼뿪ķЦıжôˣһԵı
ŮǷˣ˳ģźǼǧЩߵ顣
޳ܡ
ˣҪһʱȥϰ࣬վǷĲȺС䣬Ǻȥϰ顣
ģΪԼ˽׵ľжĲҪҪġ
ԺŮӰࡣ
ֲűķĳڰϣһŮΪֿĹС
Ľ㣬ֱˣ
Ľ㣬۲ۡ
Ľ㣬ĸ˶㡣˵һ㱨ȥ
ҷģӵû¶ֻϲСĻ˶ѡ
ŮеɫıƮˡ
Ŀγʵѧһָ˵Ĵһһ佱Ůǵѧϰ֪䣬һʱȥˡ
Ժչ˷ģ˴Ӿ¥һЩζľƲ͵˸ѧԺŮѧ
ڿǰſӳſɿڵζȣҪȥһ
ģӵʦ
ȿȡ
δʵʳЩ˺棬۵һ˿ŭ֮⣬ع
ӣ㷳
ֻҪӦӵʦڱ书
Ǿ仰ҪʦҪŷѧϰ书
ҲǾ仰ظ
֪ʲô书ô
ʱǸҪʦ书Ūھèһ
겻ɢʱʱͻߡ
ųĬķ˿ӣĳʮصĺš
ӣִһ£ǷȰͨɣһû㹻ʱ㣬û档
ûʱûĺҼҵϷ
ԣͷַ̧Źɡ
û棬ģҪ¹㣬Ϊʦôã
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ΣһжԸҿû˵ҪΪͽ
һʦһʦ
һʦ˼̫̫࣬һӶ޷塣
ȻǾԲͽܵġ
ʦͽ书
ԹԵģһŷĿͷ
һͷգվһνŷΪʦ
ǰִŵ꣬һĨЦ⸡ڷĵĴǣЦмĮ볰ӣ֪ѧΪʲôô

190 İ

ѧΪ˱Ҫ˲˺
ظŵĵĴ𰸡
֮Ҫͷѧ䣬ΨһĿıҪҪˡ
ԼЩèǻȭȣʱķʲô飬ֻбķݡ
ԣҪͷѧ书ѧϰ书մϷʩչĹ
Ҫ˲˺Ǻǣ꣬㻹̫ˡ
ʱ˿̵ķеЦȻûκ¶ȣδķģǰͬһˣ˵İ
Ȼ䣬һӰԾ𣬷ĻΪһĲϡ
ֵϵһ̣ϵ˲
ҷŵȻ㣬ѾǸˡ
еĻ飬ľбҪһЩ飬⺢ӻᵥΪ书ֻΪ˱˶ѡ
ӦÿմϷһĻν书ν书Ͳͬһ顣
ĵһһصߣЩ󣬶书֪µĶ壬˵Ƿ츲صƷ˹еĹ
Ҫѧǻ˰ȣʩչɱ˼ȷҪѧô
˵
߶һȫͬ⡣
䣬ɱǣһƽͬʱҲһһɱɱǧ
Ҫѧǰߣֻ̺ܽߡ
ȻˣҲͲ˵ˣԺҽѧϵȻΪһڱľʹա
˵ţֻصλϣſӼ͡һվõӰ
ͨ
ıһ˫ϥ£ʱ˿̵Уѱɣ׵ļᶨ
ˣǻǻǾɱǧҪѧ
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һڴֻһŰ߷ɡ
˵˵ǵʮ˿̲ܴͷô
ʦͽ书Ϊ˱үүͽʲôԸ
׼߷ʱ򣬴˵үүͣ˶
үүϾô
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ӣԼ̬ŵͣ΢̬ŷΪͽ
÷ĶЩ죬ϾһĻħʱ˿ȴɢһĪıϢʵ⡣

İѣǲΪͽġ
ĲΪͽ
һʦҪ̫࣬Ҳܡ
Ȼŷһεľܾŵ˫ȭ𣬱ΪҪŭ˭֪ȴŷ
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мַ֮⣬ǵʧеӰȻЩۡ
ôǲıġ
ʱһΣ㵽˷ѧ
ŮӰѧҲ׼뿪׼ʱǰǣŷĵĳ֡
ʦһ·ߺá

һ·ߺã

Ҫ仰ʲô˼һΪ涮ʲôֽš
뿪˸ԺĻǧ긮·˳ȥ˱իһЩ㣬Ͱ˱իּۻ۵ϡ
ϣ㶼Ǽõƹģÿ׬𣬻һСּۻҪҪ
̵ֽװһѸ㣬ÿһ㶼м۵Ϻܶ࣬࿳ۿս
ŵŮ֪ЩʲôνϸˮʡʡǮһǮһǮġ
߶ԼǮȫԱһԹİ˱իС硣
Ҳ㣿
ţ㵱ʳԡ
ҲһЩ㣬ϻſۣǱԴǾܾˡ
ˡ
ˣһ飬үүôһ£
Ľ÷ڰУǣ߱Ϲүү顣
ôһˣ
ϲĿŷģѾͷôϵϾˡ
һʣСӻء
˵Ž췢飬ܺӲβô˵ҪΪʦȹǰ
ô˵أȻӳԣĻϾġ
Ͼʱһ˿ΡҲˣǱ߳Ա˵ɣЩҲǰ

191 

á
һ߳Ÿһ˵ŹϾ顣
û뵽ԭϻ飬ǸСС꾹ľԡ
֮֮ʱһӲīԶ
Ͼʵô˵ɣ
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ҹ׷ɱϾΪ˶ֻҲΪİΣϾòЯһڼҾ뿪ǡ
ʵۼλ֮ɱһ˵ʱ֪ߣ̫Է֮С
ֱһʵһΣϻʵвҪѰҵʵۣҹҹܰ˯
귢һֱǻʵеĽ٣Ͼһ˵˻˵˭֪Ͼ˾Ȼʧļʮ֮»ص˶ǡ
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ɶҸɶ
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УѾ֪ٴγһƬɫĻ硣
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Դ֪ҷ飬ĶӸĹ˺ܶ࣬ԾɲΪͽܡ
ת֮ʱһ˫קס·
ʦ㾿ҪôſΪͽ
˻ʼӦеϣһ˵ϣֻΪͽ书
ΪΣΪηľǲϴӦ
֪Լֶܼã֪ԼǰǲǷһһεľܾ
ŵ˫г˸У׷ģˡ
Ϊǰ飬ϴԸҸģ㲻ϲĵطҶģֻΪͽ书Ǳ˻ɱˣҶѧҲ¿ࡣ
˵˵ţЩĿֱŷģһһ

̾һĿⶢŵķĿ˿Լ·꣬վ˿ڡ
Լһʦʱĳ
һԱߣԼҲʦ·þһ˿˵һ䣬ߡ
ʦ˵ҲΪеľǿͲʣΪͽ
ҿԽ书Ǿ仰ҲΪͽ
ѾǷ޶ˡ
ΪʦΪӣԽԼ֪ʶڸѧǡ
ΪʦǱͽǣڡ
Ǹϧ
ͨһһιڷǰǵĳŷĿͷԳż֮⡣
ʦϣͽһݡ
ɣҪȥϿˡģͳٵˣСī˰ϣͷһҪ۹ˡ

192 һ

ˣԴ󲿷ʱ䶼ڸӨضĴ£ŮӰѧʵγ̡
ҲشһƱֵŮӰĿյϣŮ£İ죬Ҳҧûа֮⡣
һĿγ̺ܿͽˣ׼°֮ʱſѾȺʱ̫ǰŷ
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ģܣЩ˵ƭҵģԲܡ
治֪Ӧÿ㵥Ӧ˵ħףΪԼռˣ
û˿ڷѾ޴ڼֵˣǲȥ࿴һۡ
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193 Ҳ

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194 ǲ

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񣬷ĸΪ鱻ص乬С

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˫Ȼ֪ʲôɴŮıϱܲһһĲá
ģһ⣬Ҫʵش𡣡
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195 ΪҪ

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196 ټĺ

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197 ʶ

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198 ˣ

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200 ǧа

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201 Ҫ

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202 ˰

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үǸүԵĲͬԬĿǿݣ׵üë΢΢ţеƺڿ̽ʲôһ㡣

203 һ

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㾿ʲôˡߣתָЦȻЦǣģһգҲٳٲԸ߳

204 ˣ

๫ĺòãҪǰֱϵ˿ڣһĸá
Ĵţơ
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İݱڻеķ赹סİݵĲ˫
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ڷļİݵĴ֮ʱƺʲôһ㣬ִİݵĻȥ
ʱһϺëʻصͤС
๫ãҸ
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İеЦ⣬ıʾԼһԲκͷġ
๫һһ°ɣұ֤㻭˧˧ģòô
ðɣ˽󣬷˵ʲôʲôֻҪ˸ˡ
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վڷߣİݿŻеԼܸоõһһ͸С
İݿţĺǫĴЦţʱһڻдһʫʡ
Ըһģײ롣
Ըһġ
ײ롣
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Ҫ⻭鷿Уڴͷôˣ
ϲԷУȥ֮Ϊ˽װ
Ըһģײ롣
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ӺϴʱһЩССĲӦ֮оûô࣬Ϊһʱͻãû뵽徹ȻӦ˾ҡ
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գһκúõԼڷδл˾š
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ԺҲˣԲᡣ
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ʱѾˣݼٵĵڶ죬õԼӲıԼսˣĳŮĶˡ
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ȻİİƵˣԼ̬ǿԵġ
һжôˣ
̸ȵģ˭뵽徹Ȼδһεô
򵥵ĳ緹Щ˫米Уǰá
ҪȥҩƽһѾҲкһʱûȥƽˣǺһԹþòȥ
ǧ긮뿪˼ãһ·ϣܾ˿ǹ죬ǹͶ԰еĺһʮֲˬ
ϣѾͷˣϷѰ
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һ⣬ٴο˵ǰϸϸ˰졣
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Ҫ֪ĻҲͷˮ
洫㻳ˣ²²ĺ˭ģ߿̿ڣĺӾ˭֡жɣ

205 Ļ˭ĺ

˵Ź紫ԷĻе顣
˵Լĳ̿ڣ·Ķĺ˭֡
ѺĺҵģѺĵģѺ֣ѺݵģѺ񣬸Ѻǧ긮ġ
ԲۣǷ߲ˣ̫Ʈˣʲôʱˣһ˸򰡣
ŭһŵüпĲǷ׷תͷ
С¶Ǵб۵ģ˵ۿˣµƲ㻳˫̥

ıʾԩ
ΪδŲ˷ӦòãôתۼͱˣΪе鿪̿ڣȻע溢ӵĵǺˡ
δδΪδµģǻС
һǿԼΪδµãǻС
˵˾뻳Уİͬͬסͬ˯ױѣûниĽ
УĻУ
ԭˣϷ˵ôϷϾԲġ
ҲΪһô
İ˫һϡ
һٱʾԼûУԼֻǵķĵ彡ѣ˶ѡ
һۣǰԵͷӣŲҩ뿪˼ã׼ǰԬƽ顣
ӼǰԬһ·ϣе˶ĶӿͣҽͷӶСźӾ˭ġ
ҲӦĺҵģĺҺǧʶˣ鸴
һ˵ĺͳʱˣûӦûڷ°ӣҾӦǹ˼Ҵӵġ
ҾҲܣ㿴ǧǰһʱǰլйŮһңʲô㺾˵ˣһɲһɶҲпԭġ
Ҳ˼ҹ屧Ӧûо飬ҾҶӵģôǰʱҶӿΪ˷ֻص˶ǣ²Ǹʱ˰̥еҾǧ˶ĺүģ˵ǧ˺үأǧ˵ү۸۸ʲô˼Ͳ˵ǧ˶ĺʮа˾
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ҵǾ⺢ӵĵӵĿԴһЩ
˸㼺׷ŹڷĶ溢ӵĵ˭ԭ
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ĸлǰ˱ˡ
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Ԭƽһı˹ſ˫ʾı
ɽþòƽˡ
һ˫۾զգţеɫ͸Ϊ˷е
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СкǲĿź׻Ϣĸ㣬ǵһڣһЦݱжôˡ
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ϲԾͺãԺʱ򶼻⣬ƽҪһҪԹԵĳҩ
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ʱԬ˳һ۷ģܼҽƽȥ
Сүȥ˵ǧ˸еĺӣǧҪˡ
ͷӣǰɡ
ѵûָȫԬһ仰ƻˡ
ǹġ
ĸҰǧˣҲص㱣ǧ˸е̥ʲôˣϷɳеΡ
Ԭһ˵ţһЦţе˼дϷǹģϷΡ
ǰԵ˷ĵϣѵÿĳԱı飬һ־ˬ
˾Ȼ֪ԬϽͽֱߵĴһء
ǣϾϷҲѹ˶ס͵͵ǧһϷѹүһǧء
ͷٸ˵һ䣬Ųȫˡ
Ϸ㲻ɣҪϷʱ㡣
ǺһԲϵһһֿ
ڷֱϵƣԬҲûº֡
Ԭ鷿УһӵĿԬ
˵㶼ϰʮģͲͣͣ꣬ҪNɪʲôΪԼʮ߰갡
ĺԬϽеԬϡ
Ǹ㴵ϷϰʮϷսɱУɱõоƬײ
Ԭ䣬ϰʮôˣ־ǧΪ˾ɱˡ뵱ɱŲǴ紵ˣˣ΢ɡ

206 ҷﺮ

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治֪ǧү㱣úܺð
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治֪Ѿ׷ɱǷҵ˶׷ɱ㡣
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ӽصǧ긮·Ҫ;ջѡУȻ·ԶһЩΪ˱ⲻҪһЩ飬ǽһЩá
ǲҸ磬ʱڣΪҸİȫѡ·ɡ
Ļһ·ǧ긮ȥʱһɫӰվԭأǵӰʧУɫʧ֮⽥Ũ׶֮ʹŨš
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ᵽ˷ǧԵݣ̤뷿ŵһ˲ɱǰﺮˡ
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ԨթϺôԵС
Ȼ˽һЩĻЩϸڻǲ̫˽⣬Ҫ֪ԨôڷУҰҵ׵׵֪͡

207 Ҹ

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ǧԵܹ֮ڵĻϹҲ޷ȫǧԣһǸʱϹҪԵĿɾ߸ҵˡ
ԣҪ֪˷Ԩ֮⣬ж֪ڷǧԵ顣
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´׷ɱҲλϣﺮľٶѾ˵ԼĺԸ
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˵ʮֵȻ־Ѿ˵˷ɳ˻вĺͷǧԣ浽Ǹʱ򣬷Ҫƾһ֮Կ壬ֱǳ롣
ŷﺮ˵Źںĺôһ˫Ц⣬ֻЦδ۵ס
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ȻˣҪĲ࣬ȵ㴦ɱ֣ʱǧһ߹һ˱ɡ
˵˵ȥһܽĻǷﺮҪͷԵĿġ
Ĳŷﺮ⣬ﺮûжͣдλԼϢֽһƵ˷ǰ
ҵĳ⣬ҪҪȫƾǧһ仰ѣҲżõǧ˵Ĵ𰸡
ﺮŵ˫ЦŨ֮һʧڷ֮С
һ΢ӰʧӰ٣ĻзﺮӰӡ
ô
Ŀֽϣдλֵֽţغ˷ǧԣηﺮ⻹ǽɱ֮Գ졣
ţҧ˫˼ǧ
գԺ
˱ϣ˼ŷﺮĻ
ʱһӰȻ󣬸ܵΣյķһתһֽðѹڵϡ
ʦʦңͽ
һƷţĽſ
ôģ´СԴٺ٣ʦ

208 ڸһǮ

ŸۺٺٵЦţŷĽղŵһС
ôˣ
ʱӦϿΣôֳŮѧˡ
ˣˡԺʦ˵·ҪŮѧν̣ʦ·ϤϤ
·ӣ
ͷ˵·ӵ飬ԶԺ·ӳŮѧ
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˵ɲɣķҲշѲǱôԺ˵ЦţʱŮѧԽɫһеĿҵʵЩ࣬Ϊ˱Ĳ͹ȣҲΪ˱ǧ˼֮»ǾƸֵŮ
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ݵģһ俴Ƶ٩ĵĻ˵ζЩһˡ
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쵽ǰһֻ֣ݴӴӻóһǮ˷С
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δڿЦԺÿһǮϡ
ÿһǮϡݣǸɵӰɣ

209 ·ӷﺮ

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СҲ⣬ĽһǮ˰УͷҲص뿪˸Ժ
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210 ǸҺô

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һ·˿ĵ쳣ľ棬Ǳ˵ڽħץꡣ
еİ֮飬ĲǰԻȴڻլԺ˵Ǿȷ˵ʵһΣס˾һҡ
ǵȵʵ϶һ죬ϾԶ޷̤벽
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Ǹ㸸˸裬˸ôǶӵʦ

211 ๫ô

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һϯԵҹǧ긮ˣĻҪȸһ
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һ󺮷ⴵķ˼֡
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ģٵȵȣٵһʱ䣬ҪһУеһУ

212 ๫

ƵĺֻһԴۡ
˶ɵģϷѾûκȥˡ
ԺУĶڵϱͷ
ʦôˣ
̧ͷ
үүҺȵʲôƣǲǼپơ
Ųǧּ𣬿ھûȼˡ
һǼپƣһǣ
ʦǾҵĺܣǴĮΪҵһ־ˮүүƽնúȡ
ʾԩúܡ
˭ҪүүƴƺţˣҾƵˮһȥҪ͸ţүүʦҪˡ
ʦ㻹ǵϷʲôô
٩ЦţŷĿɻǵϷһĻ
ɶ
ʱ˿̵ķֻۣ۵ĶըˣĻ˵Ϸʲô߰顣
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˵ʵѾܾûпүүôˣԴӻص֮үүȻÿ춼һͰ׵Ц⣬ȴĸˡ
ϣүүʦ˿һμүүĵЦݡ
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УİݸˣȻǿİݵ·Сֺҵţɫİݡ
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İŷģһҲž˷˽˽Ǯ·
ұ֤Сӵһ˽Ǯ
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ŤӣıİŽǽֵ˹ͷģĵȴǲҪҪġ
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ˣΪǵۡ
ſİݱϵķһľܾһ㣬һС˲ίĲҪҪģҲİݵıԺиոѿĴһӿš๫ˣĺʹ๫һ˱ŮˣԸĻǮˣǺɽ֮ʱ๫˵㻨Ǯ๫ΪҰŮ˾Ȼ˲̵ĶԴ
Ŷʹеˮ˵ʹ޷ķҧűݣίıνʶ˹ڵ޶ѡ

213 ǧֹ

ޱͬҪ㻨ǮʱȴԷɣ๫ˣãҳȫء
Ŵһð̬ҧͷһƬ
֪ĻΪİ˱ŮˣҪϷ뿪
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֪ǧ˾Ȼ㽿ߵһ棬Ǵ۽ˡ
֪ʱݳǧ긮Уһ˫ӿӵŵĶˣ۵һĨɫصǡô
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ҿŲҾǧ˶ĺӦүģ㿴үȥǧ긮ðβŴǧ긮뿪ʮа˾ȥĵġ
ܣҾǧ˸̥һĺӵģĺʧ䣬ǧΪ˲Ⱦĺӵûн鹫֮ڣһŰ
Ϲ˵أǧ˶̶һǹ˼Ҵӵģ˵ʱǧͱ˼ҴӵʱôĲˣһѺ˼Ҵӡ
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ߣ
ãȺһƽϡ
ǰԺϰķĺСʧ˵УȫȻ˿۵Ļ˵ôֺ͸Ժһзӹء

214 ҽ

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԰Ǻܺ棬Ӹٽһѡ

ŸӨ˵ʻﺮжԷĽеһ˿ø˲ɢ
ʲôķӽ̳ʲôѧ⻰Ȼ١
ԳԺȺ֮󣬷Ĵѧǻص˸Ժ
ո̤Ժǰ֮ʱһӳǰ˫ָһϵı˶ٸһ
ضڿӵʱҧ˫Ӹ

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һŮһ˵ųɺͳĻ
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Ϊһ仰ǵŭĿһеŭŨš
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˵ţشһӣһƱҪضϡ
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ӨضȻѧá
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Ө嵶ǣض֣˸ѧԺﺮ⿴һ۷ģֿһĿŭݵأһ²ؼıҲѧ뿪
ʱԺǰֻʣҽغͷĶˡ
ˡ
ǧ˲ôף֪ϷǰҪŮȥ
ֱ˵Ŵ˴ǰĿģ˿ϵĺƵЦ⡣ӦõģΪضĸףӦȨضߣ

215 ᲻úײ

ʲô
صĿǲƵĿŷġ
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ûʲôֻһˣҪضȥΪεҪضԺѧء
ԾЦţڲһǧ˵˵վһʦĽǶѧҳ̸Լѧ⡣
⣬񱾹뽫Ůȥ㼴ΪҲȨ档
ĵҪضȥ۷˵ʲôŮڸԺ
һ䣬ԹԱݺͱ˵һҳݡ
ԹԱݺ˵Ҳǻʵ۷ھˣزҽѣëȨСеġ
һҳ˵ȻҲض뿪ġ
ʲôôضϷŮϷΪĸףѵʲô黹Ҫһʲɡ
ȻԼҳݺض飬ΪضķӣҾбҪ˵һ˵ض顣
Ȼ뽫ضߣƫá
Ϊĵѧȴ߾ʹߣȲ˵ضԸ⣬˵ضҽѧϵ츳ҲһӾôû˵ġ
ȻҲ֪˼ҹΪνֹŮѧҽضҽѧֳ츳Ѿ󡣡
һֱأ˵ضҽѧϵı֮ʱĿеı仯
֪˵Ĺ˼ɣһǷЩһ׵ĻҲϣԼŮĻѧϰ
֮鶯֮ҲǶصĹ˼ɣ޷ǾΪĲôԣԼǧ˵ݣʲôõӰ졣
Ȼǧ긮ӦöϷĿģϷôһŮǧ긮˸̧֡
һһж͸ŶԷĵıģӻ³һȴء
Ϊضú˷Ѵֱ࣬һپͺˣҪٲӦǾһ١
ϱ̳أ
˿ɷ˽ض
ҵŮȻ˽⡣
Ǵ˵һ˵ضϲʲôϲʲôʲô
ÿһ⣬صĿһ֣Щ𰸱Ӧѿڶģȴסˡ
ɣضϲԹ𻨸⣬ϲ˸ҽβӣеıҽ
Ŀ˵ضϲá
˱ӆ£һҼضַΪ˰˿ڣ˿֪ضôشô
ؿŷû˵еǾǿĽ˵Ļ֮ʱмŵʲôƺɶЩ
ض˵һδʱ·߷һ˵ˣ˵³Ϊǲ˴˿ڣôΰˣضһֱҪ׷ѰĽŲΪһҽʦ
һ仰ظ˵ʲô
ضҽѧϵĺܸߣ˵ǾǧķˣͬҲǸԺķӣ˷ĵĽضңһضΪһϸҽʦ
ľȰȻûӴرˣഫصΪ˲˵ѵһĺù٣ƫ϶࣬Ǹ̡
ԴֲǮɫ֮ˣҪȰ˵ؽضڸԺֻһˡ

׻˵úã᲻úײǣĲضˡ
һҽѧϵ֪ʶ˳㽫ضġٲʥҽضûظۡȥ
Ҫ˼ѾˣȻٲʥҽĸֵʱ˲⡣
ʧ˰ġٲʥҽ
ǣǱҿһ£صҽνǾ߹һ޶˫
ˣ
ţɫٲʥҽصθڡ
ԣ˷ĵĽضұǡ
ЦţЦ޺
ڳĬƬ֮³һ
ҽضڸԺʲôף̽ضߡ
ǣлͨڣҹ˱㽫ٲʥҽ͵ضϡ
ٲʥҽ͵ضϣ˭ͲҪˡ
һٲʥҽѣΪضõӻֵõģ˵ˣٲʥҽˣȫоȫеĽⶾ
˵ĶأƺþòˣֻҪƳֶҩĽҩȫȫĶˡ
ʱ໷ɣϹ񤱡ΣöҩǣȺɵǣӵƲðɡݵǽˣȻ֮ǡٲʥҽ÷ĵĻ˵һжֵõġ

216 ϱ̳شô

ʱУһֱǧ긮ú͸Ժܡ
ҲǰԬԬƽβڼٲ˺ԬϽһܣҪôԬϽҪôǸ첲Ѿʡ
ÿԬʱԬĹܼҶҪүү̣һҪ˳Ͻ˵ȥҪȻûϽޣͱĸˡ
תۼ䣬ʼҼӵˡ
ǸԺ˫գҲİǰ˷ɽʥ̳
ɽǵϳǽ⣬˵ɽз˶ۿһĻ鼪ףÿĻʼҼڷɽС
վڷɽ£̧ͷдеɽ֣һ˲ή
Ҫɽ
ѵõļڣʶʶʼҼǸʲôӣû뵽Ҫɽ
๫㱳Һòá
İ˫ۣİͬ⣬Сһİݵĺ󱳡
İݴŹٸϱŷģǻжôĲгƫƫǧһЦ
һ俪ʼʱ򣬷ʥ̳Ĵʼҹɭϡ
֪֪ˣ๫Ҹǲˣ
֣زİݶͷϵĺˮǲ˵Ļ
˲֣۷˱ʲôӣΪϲ
֪๫ˣĺð㣬һ
һڣٹٵǰһİݵϣǵһԹԱǰ
ģעһ󡣡
˵ĲǱԬʵǿȥѾͷԸ̫ˣȻڹ컯֮º;ǧΣô
עʲô๫ҲűңҪȻԬϽҲҸ˱ţ
ı飬ĺ˻ȥԬⱩƢһҲ˵ͷĸ
ѾͷΪǧϷͲΡ
бѽҲ֪˭Nɪˣܾޣ
ϷⱩƢܲɡ
ʹ㲻ɣ˭˭ӡ
ϷҪϷԬֵд
һٹٶУֻĺԬ˳ǻ֣ڻʵѾеʥ̳ûζ˴󲻾֮
ҲǺ棬˵֪ڸԬϽβ飬ⳡǲе̫̫ˡ
ԬϽʲôƢǲǲ֪ǰһĻʵ˲⣬Ѳɡ
ԭˣ
Աһԭ˻Ȼı飬ԭĶĺүģԬϽүһɵˣȻĶԷ֣Ļôһδεã÷ĽԬ
ԭôһϵ
ԱԲĺԬϽ֮Ĺϵǣİݱ̣׵ݵȵȵ⡣
ںԬϽܵķĻ֪ʲô
֪ĻһȺԴװʺļһι
һʱ֮İݽİ˷ɽʥ̳⣬һĲҪܡ
ȥȥ๫һܵģҪϡ
ĴӦˬ죬бضթ
֪ԼСʲôеİô᲻˽ۿż伴ʼҲòɷˡ
֮İŹԱǽʥ̳
İݽʥ̳һ𣬷һ̵ʧӰ١
֮ǰѾ̽ˣ˵ɽкöɽҰζǶǻʱץסһֻҰζտζһζοֵζ϶ˡ
ı˫米װŸҪĶν㵽
СãְףֻտˣַɰСòҪܣˣ
ڷɽУʱļǶƵļڣʲôȻȥǣС͵ҰζԲŹ

ʱԶһֱҰʳſڵǰҰƺûзֵΣյĴڡ
ݵһһϸСֱĴҰĲӡ
һϵӣҰųҪҲûˡ
СС˵Ҹôźأ
峴ըûйտĻһ⣬շĻĴȱֻҰһЩ
ȫʬһֻл
£ڿ˰죬Ľлǳ¯ˡ
лҪõͣ϶ӡǣ֪ĻΪǴҰ˳ûˡ
лл㣡
Ȼ죬ʵ֮Ʒζǽһ޲ڣ
һһȣڵϼÿ͡ʱһĽŲǽŲҶɢصڷĵĶߣ㱼䣬ʮӰѾǰ

217 ҪһҪһ

ʮˣÿһ˵϶źɫеĳɭĹâƬ̼ڷǰ
ãȻĿˣһ˫۾գգûа־⡣
ôָɵӡ
Ҫ
Ϊ׵ĺʾжֻȺ˴ӲԶڳʮѹ
淢ˣҪİնɱɹʡ
ǣ
ʮ˽У·֮ʱһ˽Ųͣ
ϴҪҪɱˡ
ʱ䣬һũܳɵŮѣߡ
Ϊڷɽԣһ·ͷҲ߰㣬Ϊлʱ˿̵ķ϶ͣѹֻᱻΪɵŮ
ǽʧеĺˣķеĽл۵һƬ˪
ɱİݣҲҪͬⲻͬ⡣
һԭ·أۻʥ̳⡣
һڷĵǰʵʥ̳ом䣬ʥ̳ⲻ׼롣
ЩȻбģǿ˭
У뾡ʥ̳Ⱥһİݲġ
ĪĻʥ̳˰죬ҵһȱڽʥ̳ڲ
ɾڴʱһ򶷵Զ
ݣϿ커ݡ
ݣ˻ݣ
ǻŵԽԽѰżȥɾڵ̳һ̣ȴԭء

ôᣡ
ļֱԼǰĻ档
ⲻε龰ô
֮ϣ̳ԱߵʯͷݺύһȺᵶǰȥѪʯͷϡ
ˣעֵܵĵ¡
ʮ˵ĿĲǻʵۣİݡ
һڵϣɽ±ϣİվ±Ŀźˣϸ˵ˣѪԴԴϵĴӵ˳
ɱ
ᵶҪİɱ֮ʱһֻһֻȺ֮Уһ֧ԼٶȽңһһ˵ࡣ
ģﶼ๫һȺľȻ๫ࡣ
ŭˡ
Ⱥɱ˶ӾȻİˡ
֪Ϊʲôô죡
һηĽھʯ֮һһɱˣһŴӺ˷
˶ţ๫ҸȫʬҪȻͱĺˡ
ʮ˵ĺɱ֣Ѿʮ治һˡ
Ĵţƣλսִս¹˭һܽ˵οʮŸ๫ıӡ
ˣΪѾްˡ
İݵʯͷ洫˷ĶС
̽ͷȥֻһѾİݵ¡
๫ң
ӵе˵İݵĻУµļİϵ˿ڡ
Ⱥ˶ӣһҪǶι
˺ˣ˲Ϊû¶ˡ
Цţеůĵס
İݴһӽӵڻУʵů
˶ȥ֮ʱֻзһΪΣճǰ
ĳ֮ʣؼֻ֮ۡ
ġСģ
Ȼ䣬ݵһ֧ӰзۿžҪзġ
һ
Ƥĺ˫ۿΪһİݡ
๫๫
˱ޣ޾Ͳˡ
ݣ
Ӱдİݵĺ󱳣Ǿ޴ŶۿһǾͱڣİ˫һƣеķƿ
İݼ׹µһ̣һץסİݵ
๫ס
˷֣ᱻġ
һץסİݣһץֻ͹ʯ飬һŮӵܳһӵֻץסʯѾѪ
ţһһ
ݺݵҧþеץסİݡ
һһ
־ص֮䣬˶ϡ
ݽ˫ȭҪǰȴԬϽֹסˡ
ģ֡
İۿŷһһȥȥ˶׹¡
ģ֡
ţţĲ֣ҪһҪһ϶ˡ
ˣĺľһ˿İ׹·ɽ֮¡
ߵķХţ·ǰٵתɷԾɽİݵ֡
һ˫纣ķ˫Ŀ۵ĵֻۣб˴˵Ӱӡ
ˣΪôɵ๫δѲܴܲӦһ顣

218 ۾

๫δѲܴܲӦһ롣
ЦţİӵڻУӵţȴʱ䣬ȴأȴһС
ͨһ׹Ӱص׹ߵĺ֮УǺƮԶ
ģ
ɽϣڷ׹һ̣ݴǰҪץסģһжѾˡ
˭Ҳ뵽Ļʥ̳
վ±ߣݽŽüĿƺѰʲôһ˫ŵȭͷǱŷ
ģǣǮññʧ
ñ
׹ķĺİݶ׹֮У˳źƮΡ
֪ʲôط֮ǰһƬþȫİݴˮϵ˰ߡ
๫
Ľİݣİû˿ĻӦ
׹ˮеһ̣İԼֵס˳ˡ
˿ΧһƬһ紵ɪɪ
๫ģҾԲġ
ϢƬ֮󣬷Ľϵıǰһ߱İݣһѰϢİȫط
֪˶ãȵҹ֮ʱҵһǿڷ絲ĶѨ
ĵȼ𣬿˵·ӱзЩֹѪҩֽۣذڻպ죬㿪ʼִİݱϲŵ֧
ش棬˼࣬ûж
ĺķõĹŽ֧İݵıȡ˳·˺һİ˿ϣһϵоٶѾ۵ˡ
ȼշžĿһϢİŲҰ׵ͷȥ
ϱӾǷծ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣİݵĻϢȻָһЩ֮һЩҩ۱뿪ɽ
ҩЧãҲζҲҰޡ
Ӱߵɽķ˴ʱ䣬ж׼ȷĻ˳źķһֱƯλӦǵĳһλá
ĵλòǺһǴŵλãһ߾ŻڴѰʳ
һλصѨʱѾ֮ʱԵļֻҰζصѨȴһֵ顣
Ե˩һԣļİߣĶͷ
̡
ĵ黹Ƿˡ
ûõҩݺͻ˿ں׸ȾĽ⿪İ˿ϵıպذ׽޳ͿĨֹѪҩ۰
еҩֻһЩ򵥵ĴֹѪҩҪİݵ˿ڻҪҩݡ
ԼղžһƬ·һζҩǹ°мŵֹѪҩ˿ڵĻָĹЧͬʱҩݱһڽ۴ػţҪȡҩݾһ
ȥȡҩݣİݾĿԡ
ĵһᣬĴذһ뿪˶Ѩ
Ŵ֮ʱľԣֻɫ֮£һɢӫĲҡţ续еɲһ㡣
Ҳһ㣬Ϊݡ
еĻѣһһǰնľԣƬػŵݵС
۵䣬ĽݷڻУ׼ȥ֮ʱһǿݺݵ˦˹
һĪǿЩĻɣţĻȥ֮ʱŷǽ۴Ѿ֪ʱ
ɭĵ¹У۴׶೤һ˫ɫ۶ŷģϵӡ
ģ
治á
û뵽˴˵ػݵĽ۴
ûж䱸ĶŽ۴һһ
۴ˣۿŷģ׼һ
󲿷ֵ߶ûжģҲҪҺȡʤǾУǳˮţҲᱻյϢҪСӦԲǡ
ΧǾԣƽػ˵ɾԻ谭ȥٶȣȻ߿ڡ
˻˻
۾ϵӡ
Ȼ䣬۾ʧȥģһɨβҪľ
вķǻᱻͬһ˵ڶΣһɵıܿ˽۾Ĺơ
ڷĺ֮ʱһûע˾ĺϣķ쵹һ
˻˻
һɵĽ۾һɨβζŷĳ˹ۼŽ۾Խƽ޿˵ķĲţһ˲䣬ǵӰһԾ𣬷յҪֱ۾֮ɽ۾ƺзһ㣬βһɨ赲˷
ĵĹơ
̸צӵģ߸ֵдĺۣ۾ˡ

219 㵱Լǰô

ǣɭֵһС
ɫɭɭ֣ͬʱҲڷĺͽ۾ϡ
ʱķǽ۾ۣһҪɱһҪ븹С
˻˻
۾ӣοٵ䶯ţһη˹ǲ˷ĵĿģʼձԼ֮
۾ķһаԽеá
ѾԼĿģһֱڽս
屾ˣټҹߺڰ۾ӴһֱȥĻ߿ڵıض
Ҫһȫ֮߷ɡ
ŷսذףɫ£ذɢɭĺ⡣
һһѾˣһսֻһܻ
ȻѰ·Ҿͳȫ㡣
һηɿһԾذ׳Ž۾֮Ϯȥ
ĿֻݶѣҪţǺãͱǧС
۾۶ŷĵһһǵӰƽ֮ʱβһɨҪľУ
̫ƻ޷ץס
۾ŭһȳϢӿɢЦţһһѰŽ۾ϵ㡣
ʯ֮䣬һһһνսռȻۿŽ۾βɨ˹ǱβУ߹һѡ

βصĻڷļϵһ̣ץסὫذ״۾֮һ
ͬʱҲβһֱۣ˴Ӱкݺݵ׹˵ϡ
ʱ˿̵ķһѪѹֲסӿ
áֻѾˡ
ˡ
Ŀۣһһεĳ˺
ɺһɱ˽۾һʵʵϣѾôˡ
һĽ۾޴ţκηеȫһذ׼ȫû֮
ɫ⣬ڷԼĽ۾ϡ
ڲݵϵķĻվߵѪߵѾ޷κвĽ۾ߣһ˹ȥ
NɪѾļNɪûôı£ΪԼǧ߾ԼĹӣɶò㡣
ܳɳΪȻһЩͷˣ˵ɽ߸ܳΪֵĴڣǶԴǼܻģһ⵽Ӧġ
ɷľǲЩ۾ǲҲΣȻһٶҪˣǾͱˡ
һἴɣҲҪɢ
Ľû۾λõذװ˳ߵȡ׶೤Ľ۾ص˶Ѩڡ
ζģ˷ʳǿɳܵġ
滷Ҫڼ콵ʳúüûǴġ
ѾȥĽ۾Բ뵽ԼΪһʱ̰ÿڿˣʬ廹ᱻʳ
һߣѾŽ۾ʬصѨеķĽһԣӱзһɫĴƿͷ״ƿеҩ븹С
ֻһİᶯۣʹѾʵۻصԭλá
Լ˿֮󣬷ı㿪ʼִİݵ֢״
ղȫǻ£˵һڵĻİϸ벡ս
ֻ֮£ǴĲãİݺΪȾ
Ľȡĥ֭Һݺ֭ҺȫͿĨİݱϵ˿ϣ˺һ·°á
İݴ˿ѾǺҹˣھ۾һվ֮󣬷Ѿƣ۵˼㣬ɼ˻˯
ҪİߣֱİհȫΪֹ
ȼշžϣĽ۾ֽһһ飬տ
ڿУɳԵʱȴʲôζҲûС
պϰɡ
ܻͺˣҪʲôг
һҹʱ䣬Ķİߣÿʱһҩֱ˿ϵѪɫָϵ¶Ҳ
ˣİݰȫȹΣڣⷽĽŵиҲ̱ڻԻı۾˯˹ȥ
ڷ˯֮ʱԵİݽ˫ۡ
һ˫гŵѪֲԭģɢĵȻ޴档
ɷ˯ţδİݵ
ˡ
ɬִӿлİݵĿһ˯ȥķϣҪ˼򵥵ĶڻԱŵŮˣϵϱ鲼˺ۣİݰŵ˫ȭš

220 Ԫ

ѨУİӲݶѳɵĵϣܱϵʹ˺ѷΣɿ֮ʱезӿ
ɽ±߷һĻĻǰ
ǸһץסŮˣǸһ׹µŮˣǸΪҲϧŮˣǰ
ʹİǿվ˺۵ߵ࣬˯šŵüͷֽ丧ƽ
ˣӴԺ۷κ飬ֻҪΪڵһ죬һǡ
һ㣬־ӡ֤֮䣬İݸŷĵ˫밮µŨš
ʱԭ˯ķĲܵ˫ۡ
һ˫纣ķǳתĵۣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
๫ˡ
ˣܿˡ
İȻ֪ԼԵʱ䶼ʲô飬뵽Ϊܾѡ
Ůˣβۣβȥ
࣬๫ܰȻ˵ˡ
֣ظİݵգָ˵ÿһ㺡
ԲۣҸˣ
һսζԼ⣬ôһʱ͸ء
Ⱑ
İѾ˹ǰڱϵ˿ڣϽҶ
һ㲻׼ҶҺòײŰȻһҪҵĻ
ڶǲ׼Ҷĵţڡ
˵һ壬඼İݰľȵ˿ڻָĿ֮뿪ٻضǧ긮١
һʱ䣬ĶԣÿÿԹϷһİݣǻжôܰ
ʱһα㵽˵죬ķűеҩƿӿտҲһĹƵĽҩҲûˡ
ҡۿĹƷʱ쵽ˣԲİݲ
๫ҳȥˣԹԵϡ
Ĺһʹĥʱ֮ãʹ
ֻҪһĵطʱͺá
Ĵذ뿪˶Ѩ֮У׼ҸطʱĹƶ
ɾڴʱһǷӵĽŲ͸һ˿ɱſڵϣõνԼ
Ⱥźɱ֮ʱһ󲻺õĸоȻ
Ⱥȥķ򡭡ǶѨ
⣡
ѵ˵ʥ̳ɱİȺ˵ͬ﷢ǵټ
ɱģһ裬ôض˵ټ˶Ȼ׷Ѱǵĺۼҵ
ͨ
Ȼ䣬ĵҵţһشݺݵûϡ
ãĹƵĹƶˡ
ƶʹɫ԰ףˣҲҪۻضѨ
İڻָڣһܵˣǴɽҲ졣
Բԣ
ʱ׷ѰټĺѾƽгһᣬɭĹâɱ
ɱ
Ϊ׵ĺһ£˲䣬ߵӰᵶȥ
İݣ׹ɽ²콫·Ҳѱǡ
Ѿ˶ѨڣխĶѨڣİһ˫к鲼
վڶѨڵİĿɭĿˣһ˫нֳѪɫ
ձ˼ɷڳûдɱ䣬Ѱ·ͱֱˡ
һİŷţһɱǹܵЩΪİݺͷ׹±ɣ˭֪˴
󣬽Ҳڽӡ
꣡
ںᵶȥһ̣һӰһں˵󣬷еذݾĨ˺˵Ĳӣһɱذ׺ݺݵشһ˵ࡣ
ɱҵˣ
ĻǸģǰķԲͬ
֮еɫ㱲壬ѪһƬǸǷһĨѪȫ±ŷѪɱĶкⲻϡ
ˣ
İǰҪĻ󣬿ɴʱķƺİݵΨһ֣ɱ
䣬ѪɫĻ䲻ϵţں֮ķɱûһ˿¶ȿԡ
գ֮䣬˳Ϊ߾ʬ嵹ڵϣվʬķŵѪذתһ˫İݵϣжǵѡ
Ԫ롭
ĵİע⵽һֱĴĵҪѨ֮ϡ
İĵһ㣬Ĺƹƶķ壬ʱУֻסʹɱ֡
ɴ̫󣬶Ҳ൱أ֮ʱ˶Լʩ롣
ˣʲô鶼ûˣΪصڶѨڣİһǰʧȥеķӵڻУٰγҪѨıԪ֮ʱŮһѪӿ˺ѷεĽ쳹ء

221 ๫Ҫɶ

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ĵصڶѨУֱİݵ֡ԭʼ飬룬ĿЦ

222 ΪֻǱ

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223 ɱ

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224 ϵĵ

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225 ԺԵ

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ˡ

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226 Ԭϵɱ

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Ŵ£һֻʥ飬ϿϿΡ
ĮûйϵȻҲȺ֮ȼյŮûϵ
һʱ䣬ڸԺнŮҽѧ֪ʶ
ѧ֮ʱϰ߽ѧһһ֮Լ뿪
ɾڷһ̣۸¥Сͷ󺹵˹
ǧˣǧ˲ˣҪǵꡣ
ʲô˼
Сһŵı飬˭Ҫǵꣿ
ſķٿţž۸¥ʻȥ
ڣʱ֮˾۸¥ʱľ۸¥һȺװʿΧţʿе䵶յзɭĹâҽ۸¥һڹ˿Ͷ˳ȥ
ʱΪ׵Ůͷһ˫ɫӿֺĿˣǱҪôţƾжôţƣ·¶һ
ȥƹģʶĻ͸Ͻл˵
һĿʮֲˬ˶ĿǰԳƹװŮ
һ˫赱¶ڿУһ·ҲǼ죬˵·˵ǼƬϣϵŮĶ졣
ԳǹټΧȺѲǴеԵĴĮľ
˵ĻôзĸҪȻƵꡣ
£ľе޺ݺݵشϣֻһӣϳһѪۣͬ·˿ڿ˾ġ
øոջص۸¥㿴һĻķŭȼš
С̳أҶ۸¥ˣ治֪үмֻ۾
ס֡
ĲƿߵߣʾС͵ҽΡ
˭
ľŸͷߵ˫ۺǲƵĿŷġ
Ҫң֪˭
ЦţĿ⻷ܣʮַ䣬ֻҪһ£ȺǷ׷װε
Ŷ
ľ¿ǰһϮµŮӣһ˵ӡ
ԭǷģǧӣǺãȻ˾͸ţӽ쿪ʼжԶԶҪٳھǧˡ

ľһһĻĵıЩסˡ
Ǿľƣֻǲ̳ͻȻ˵˻˼ʲô
ǰķС㻹ڵļǵԼʹĮĹľûһ˿һĹ˵ֱղżǰŮ
ľͻһ仰ʵ˲⡣
ʲô˼
ǷһˮһԿϷΧȺҲ׷ױʾԡ
жԶԶҪٳھǧߣ
һһֵ˼ǶЩһĻǾͲˡ
ףãǱͺ˵ס
ľǰһվڷĵǰظԼǾ仰˼
ڿʼǧǱˣĺ;ǧûκιϵԹ߷Χ֮ڣֱ顣
ľһһĻصڷĵĶߣصÿһ˵ĶС
˽һĻ龿Ǹʲô
ԭˣԭĮľģǧǧġ
ò˵ڳλʿǺĽžǧ꣬з־ɫң˸ĮĴõᡣ

233 ݰ

ǧԷĵĳ谮˽֪Ȼ÷뿪ǧ긮
κζԷǴĮĹ˴Ŀľ˾ǧֻ꣬ҪʵǾǧҪ֮ӵұˡ
˵ǧ겻̫ôһ̫඼˵޸Ϊ˵ϱȢϣĺհ
ľôһ˵Ĳ׹ǰĮġ
Ǻǣ
ǸֳһĨЦİһ˫ľ
ǴĮǸʲôľ
Ǳ˵Ļˣ͸ϽҲʡƤ֮ࡣ
ľ̬ǽһţ֪ĻΪǾǧޣĵֻһδŵ̶ѡ
ʵĲǾǧ긮Ůˡ
ȻĹ˵ĻҲȷĸ㣬ǧǱ˵๫ȥУҾ۸¥⣬ǴɷҪ˫⳥ҵʧ
ŵһ˫˿ʲôȴظо˿˿˿⡣
ǴůļڣɼΪɭɭ䡣
ģԭ˵Ļ˵ǾƲԳԷඡ
ľһ˵Ȼ⣬ΪĮĹû˸ҷ÷ĹԶһЩǶ˵һϵ
Ĳж»ײܺãȻ㲻ʶͱֱˡ
汾ҵ
ľ£㿴ĮǷ׷׳е䵶㳯ŷȥ
䵶ĵ淺͵ĲѪΧ۵Ⱥȥʮһᷢĳ̫ѪȣһѪ
˵ķĻᱻĮҵϾĿǾǧŮˣĺ˵ǾβתǸĵĴĮȺˡ
֪࣬Է֮ȻҺ;βתŮ˶һţһᣬһŴһϣеĵһգۼ֮󣬷Ѿľߣ䵶ĵ׼ľ
ֻ࣬Ҫ΢΢һľΪһʬ塣
ûʱȺĮУֻҪץסľһж˵
С̳أ飬һԺʱˣЩϺģڶ֮ǰȴһ¶Է˭ɵƵľǰ塣
㾹Ȼ
ľŭˣһ䵶вҲһ˫ɫӺݺݵضŷģɱ˵Ļһѷʬʬι
ҾôҲ㣬һҪѵ㣡
ģĪ֡
ڷľе䵶ҪѵһľʱӰʱĸϵ
ľԷֹĽˡ
İӵŷ뻳
ĪҪ䵶Ϊ򡣡
߻İݵתͷһ˫۾˲ǰһɷıʧӰ٣ʱķľһ۸˵ĿСŮˣģίҪ
๫󱦱۸ˣǸĹҪȺҿ࣬˼Һ£
ĻعһİݵĻУӵĿš
˷ģ˸˺ˣΪҪȫʬ
޳Ĵŷĵĺ󱳣һ˫еɱ뻰еĺһ˵˶ԼӵĺǻԼȺĮĽ֡
򣬲ʹֻһ仰˺˵ΪҪȫʬ
ţ
ԡ
Ǿǧ꣬Ի޵ľָһ㡣
ҪۿղŶʲôҲһΪı۸ˣЩͱ˶ࡣ
ǡǷͿ˷ŵȺֱ嵽Įǰõ˵ôȻǹȣɷȫûгԿȫûУ
µȴίһſھǧĻпţ޵ǽһ
๫˼£Ĺ˼뿪๫㣬˼Ҳ๫ӡ
ǣΪΨһӣ˷֮⣬Ϊ򲻻ȢκŮӣ檣ԵŮκϵ
ԵĻһһĻص˶ߣһ˶Ůӵĳŵ޻ڵĳŵͬҲڸߴĮľڳˡ
ģ๫㱣֤
Ĵİݻ̧ͷ˫еȻɢ¶һ˿˿Ц⣬ЦöõЦ˼˿ѣ˫ۡ
ʱ˵İݻеķĻعһ˫ڿĮľʱжôĵ⡣С̳أô๫˵ֻһˣǴĮҲûϷôôأݰڡ

234 ˷Ѹ

ڴľһ˫ɫıӸŭȼš
վľһǰŷġ
Ů˵ôϾǧ꣬߱ݸ߹¼˲ͱ˵
φѣ
ǰܻŮһ죬ϵЦ⾡ǳ
ݵҲĳĮǿǧͱ๫㣬ҷ๫ýȢķˣ๫ҲҪҵͷӦʲС
˵˴ºһľг֮Ũһ֡
㻹֪ԼǸأ컯Ǭ֮£ŸһˣúõɽУĸǴĮˡ
Ҫ˵ܣļûοǶԸֱ̳أڻ¡
ݻľΣȻܰһ٣ҲҪҲǴĮΪʲôԼǸ׵ӣҪǶ¶ĻǱȻŴ㣬治״ĮôԻͱ๫Ĺ㸸ĸ

㡭ø
˵ˣľôǷĵĶ֡
˵ǰƿԵľðűһ仰ŷø
øôǾǧ긮øҧҰ
ĶżٲȻһøģ
֪ΪΣ˵ǾãʱķһֱУĮһҲﰵֽһˬ֡
ǧ˵öԣһĮˣ˲˰
ǣǧ˸ɵƯ֧㣬һԺ˵ԣ浱Ǽҿô
ԣǧ֧㡣
ǧ֧㡣
ΧȺڲк֧ŷģ׷˵Ļ
⵹÷ССһ£ǵİվߡòƻǵһ
ǰǸָָ㣬˵Ļû뵽ڹغ֮ϣȺƽʮǽͷݻľ
㡭㡭
Ⱥַţľ˵ֻܾŷĵľٶ˵ǡ
Ȼ˵ǴĮղŵľٶЩ˵˱Ҫ㡣
У
һյĿİݵĻУƺʲôȤЦһ
๫˵Ҵ
жôΪʲôҲûпҲûϵĶҲްΪ򲻻÷ܵһ˿һ𷣡
İݵĻ˵ľģһ˫еЦ⼫µţƫƫĳûһ㣬ÿÿİݶһյı顣
ǸʲôĹ
ʮֲϲľİݵϲͣš
㣬ǸүҲմǼҹǲȴһ˵
˵ǾүҲմʱΧ۳ԹȺڵĿˢˢݵϡ
ݴţǰʱʹǰǧ˽үݴˡ
İ汾ֶ˵ү۸ǧˣºֲϣǧʹɱ֡
汾үǧȾκξǧԧ죬үһҪǧ˽ʹǰǧΪү;źĴѡ
汾ǰүҪǧ֮£ǧŴү
汾ġ
汾塭
֮İ汾жһʵݺͷһȣǧͷĲԭʢʢҶѾ˺ӡ
иӶɫһᣬĿ֮һƬ˪˷׷תߡ
֮ʱһˬʵЦص֮䣬ѭȥֻһĮΣͬӵбɫ˫۵ĿӳС
Ӳ߽ߵǰԴĮڳŷĸ
ǧˣӶõľٶеǸ
߲ǱˣʹŵʹĮ嫡
嫾ֹţľֱγĶԱȣɵж˼ֺøС
֣ŮȶԾֵġ
ľܵ嫵еɫίҪ
챾һӾǧ߹ԶһЩû뵽Ů˾ȻԶԸ
ɱΪˣǧһõֵġ
ߣ
͸ƺðɡ
죬£
һ仰ľԹԵı͵ͷĬ
ӣľʮ־嫡
ǧˣõ³ç˲ҪţӴһΪǧ˵Ǹ
վǰһһǧ˽ţƲ죬֮˻ͬЦӿˣ˵Ķ˷Ѹ飬˵Ǯɡ

235 Ҫ๫

νֲЦˣοǴĮӡ
ӵĶλɱǸԲй̫ˡ
Ǿ仰ûȤĮӻǹֻҪһǮ
ŷĻĻһˬʵЦ
ǧֱֱϲ˰
嫴һӣһн鱦ϣÿһ鱦ǼֵǵĴڣһ鱦һɽ
Щ͵ӵ񣬻ǧЦɡ
ЦɣܲЦأ̫ˣȻЩӵĺ⣬ҲͲƴˡ
ʱķǰ˸ʰ쵵Ĺâȫ̰״Զγһν˸⣬ڽ鱦ĺ֮С
ร
ôһűʯ
˵ĮĿ󣬻иֱʯȻ鴫
챦ʯ̱ʯʯʯʯʯ
࡫
ſˮ˸Źâıʯ˵ʲô⡣
ֱĴӱʯлعһ̲ŷԼͱİݱǧ긮
๫ö౦ʯ
İݻУոջķĻǱʯɫ֮޷԰Ρ
ԼСһ̰ƵģİЦŸ˹ȥ
Ժ
İݣѾģʺȫҵĶүģ
գķԹ
Į͵ЩʯȫİݸûˣԻܣЩǮʲô顣
ǲˣô
һһ֧۱ʣŮѧõѧǷ׷˿ˮ
ĽôˣѾ˶ʮֻ۱ˣǲ鲻á
˵ĮĽзǷ֮룬ǰ۸¥һ
Ҳ˵ˣӳ顣
Ľı飬ҹŴĮӵӦǱǧûգĽȥ乴Ժ
ļٵģĽ㲻ˡ
Ҹ˵һҿĽ·ԺǰʱںٺٵЦЦˡ
ļٵģ
Ůѧǵѧ۸ͣȫûע⵽Ѿ߽ʱѾΪʱˡ
ΧŲٳʮȦ
ǣĽ㣡
ӨضȶʮѧȫһſΧŲٳܣһԵķﺮǵȻĿһ۷ģ˵
ѧ˵Ҳûдǲѹֵûضйˡ
ˢһ£ĵĿڷﺮϣŵ˫д˱ڵʮֲˬ
ﺮϵıͣŹӺŲ裬ж׫ĹڷĵС

ү½ΪʣıͻݳʵתҲѪϷϷ
ʱ׼Ͽεķı˴
ϣĲǹ´Ϊ¡
ɹһٶ˵Լֻ֪ǴµټĽ
һ±ƣĴһƷ̫߹ĹС
ǻʼҴ͵Ҫһľ綼С

̫һ֮󣬷ĴӹС
ʱ˳ϵٹ٣ʵϣһǴĮʹţлһ൱ĴĮľ
񸾲μʣꡣ
΢΢ĿⲻĿһԣİݡ
İҡҡͷʾŷһᷢʲô鶼Ҫᣬһоͺá
ܷʲô飿
ѲɴĮܵô˵ǰ˲ɡ
ġ
£ڡ
ʵ۽Լ֣һ񣬵ȴŻʵ϶ġ
޽սǰԭĹ˼ϸҪĹ˵һɡ
ʵ϶һ仰жһɶ
֮һ仰۷ʲô¶ûκιϵ
΢΢üͷʵΪжһС
ġ
ľߵ룬ߣľٶÿһ˵Ķߡ
ڱĹңֻҪϲһ˾ҪȥȡԱҪ㹫ƽǧꡣ
ľһ仰£ҲǰһĻǰ
ȻҲˣʵ϶Ϊ˼˦ˡ
һĨЦ⸡УİŷЦľ
ԣĹҪŵǧ긮Сô
ۡ
һ仰ǵڳЦ
⻰Ҳ˵аԽˬ졣
Ȼ߹ǿ֮Уκұϲҿʮϡ٣ҪҪӴĮڿʯ
ɴ˴δĮĽƽϢعɧţΪҪЮʵ˲ˬĮĹεĳԲѷ˷˼Ҫǧһ̫ʵĴ档

236 һֱٺ٣

λƺһ飬ǧķǷģһﲻճƵŮˡ
ͺñһĻ
㡭
ľţǰƢͱˣҪҪ÷ѿĳ׵ס
øһʶģս飬ӭս
ս飿
΢΢ңԾһı鿴ǰŮ
С̳ػûûǰɡ
ʲôս飿
ܼ򵥣֮бλǲУʤ˾Ҫ뿪ǧ꣬ǧҪͱشĮ
ľԼİݵ͡
˵һ
ʤľӮˣҪİݴشĮıҪԶԶʧǰ
ˣҲһžǧ꣬ǴĮ԰鲻ҵŮҪԼ̡
ľＤŷģ㹻ܹӮһαʤһֻĳ衣
ģɣ
ľ֮⣬˵Ŀڷĵϡ
Ӧ˵Ļ˭֪ľεѷģʱ˲ʧԼ棬ͬҲʧ档
ǲӦĻССķЦܡ
֮䣬˵ȴŷĵľ
ʱվǰķ촽һ˿Ц⸡ڴǡ
Ĺս飬ȻеңȻ˵Ӧս飬Щ黹Ҫ˵һ
ĿеЦŨңİݣеİů
๫һˣսƷԱӦսԭδҪĹ๫Ϊ๫ֻһ˵ġ
©һ仰ɵýֽкãĹȻǷġ
˵һӦսΪİݹ⣬Ϊ뿴С̳ô񣬵Ȼ仰˵ҪֵĸߴһΣ֮䡣
ʵ϶ϲ˦ôȵڻʵ϶ıϡ
֮ӦսΪ˴빫Ӧս
ս˵Ӯ˵ĻȻల£Щڰ׼С˾ͣһᣬΪһʱ̰
Ȼĵһ仰ǵûʵǳ鶯һ£۵һĨɫ˵صǡôǱĲ׽ˡ
ߣ
Цһˮ
˼ҲҪһȺ汳һµˡ
ã˭Ӧս˾Ҫǧ긮ӴԺ󲻵ڳھǧǰ
֮磬˭Ӯ˭仹һء
ӦսڱĹľᣬԾ۸ˣ˭˼ǹĵֻǾǧķˣ˵Ҳֻھ˶ѡ
һֱ
ľı൱԰ֱʤȯա
һֱȵõСӵΪʤߡƥ⣬ľµĿΪɫĺѪѪǧǴĮеԣԵһƥɫݣȴɢҪһ۾Ϳ
֮ǰ
ʣʲôܵùǧĺѪ֮٣һƥЩİѾԶ׼ˡ
һֱԵıذɡ
ʼ
ʵһ£ֻľǴĮŮֻһٻӰźѪ˲ʧ˵ǰ
ѾʧľԾվǰķߵߣԭǻһᣬֲ
˿ŷĴ˵Ⱦٶһ̾Ҳ˽ķκ
ɾڴʱٹٻǴĮʹĿŷĴڣһߵ룬ҽ¯еСӰ˳
Ӯˡ
ӮĻصУصÿһ˵Ķߡ
ǲˣǷ䲻
ŮԴתһȦصγСӾ˵ӮˣЦذɣ
ʲôǴĮ׿˵ȵõСӵΪʤߣȴû˵ҪԶ
ǲΪȻĽСӰУһȷӻı飬ĵĿŴĮʹˡ
˵ˣղŵĹǴĮԼ˵ģȵõСӵΪʤߣû˵ҪһҪع԰˻ǴһЩȽϺãľǸ̻ʡʡɡ
һ֮źѪľǷǳĿŷеСӣĺѪģȻѪһ¼֮ƥеĴڣľ֮仹̫ˡ

237 鷢

һ֣ʤ
ȻʤֶβǺܹʣ˭ľû˵÷˿ӡ
Ĺóá
Цĺ޳ܣһı鶼ڳľ̡
ţڶֱķڷ
Ŷ
Ŷһ£ҺĿľһۣεҡҡͷ
⺢Ӱ
˴һǲ᳤Եġ
ڶ⣬
ÿ֧аΪ׼
Ĺ׶ҾǷҪҲûܡ
ʵۣٹԼĮʹſŷĺľˣ֪һεʤ߾˭
๫
ĳİݻ֣һޱȵЦݡ
๫˼Ҫ㰮Ĺ
˼ͣȥ֮ʱΪϲԵĿ롣
ֻ
׼Ӹոջָã̫ܳĶ
ҪҪô˼ҾҪֻ
úúã˵ʲôʲô
ĺİݵĶԻص˶ߣǻ־Ķĵ
˵
ǧģܲһ±˵ĸоҪô
˵һеĹЦһ۵Լľ
ʲôĽĻԼҲҸ㰡
ģţһҪÿ
һػܻľ޲һ䴩ģŮ̫ˣ
ˣ˳ñͺÿùѱˡ
һͷӣſеĹ׼ವһɿ֡
벻鷢ˣӷз֮ȻƫԭеĹֻڼе⻷
ȷһֻ⻷ľһаġ
ߣıΪһЩֶӮ˵һ֣ͿӮڶֱҲǳصġ
ݵһ֧ľĹзֱڼеİУ֧ȫУѾĶ˵ڶαʤ
ļһеĹŹССİۣһ֮⡣
ԭˣڹֽţʹĵһƫ˰ģֻ˼е⻷ϡ
ΪӮô̫Сˡ
ʱһԵĴŵڶʤߡ
ڶʤġ
š
ľΪڶʤ֮ʱֹǴ󳼼˵ȥĻ
ʲô˼
˺ǲĿŷģѲΪԼзΪʤĻô
Уһ⻷˼ҴĮаģĻʲôء
İһı飬ѵΪԻӮα
Ŀ⿴ŷģȴİݡ
İһ˫ĵʼնŷģǷЦݸᣬͬʱҲһ仰˵ԼԷĵ֧֡
ٵķˣȻõŮӡ
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үأǱٵķˡ
һ仰£˱㲻˵صȴŷķתĳ档
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ʱ⵹ı·ûУбı°
һ¹ǰľ𹭼׼һݵһٵңһڳһ֮俴ӷеĹľİķ˹ȥ
Ȼ˾㵵ĲǷһƫ˷򣬶ǵֻа֮ʱȻԭϵļ̴룬ӵн̴ѡ
⡭
ǡôһ¡
˷ӦһξеĹ׼ɿָ
֧뿪˹ңһǼ˵潫Ĵ̴
ꡪꡪꡪ
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ʱؼһƬž˵ĿľŸղŷһĻ
ǿʲô
зĵڶ֧͵֧ûԼİģľİ䴩
ôһľĳɼͬЧ
ԭˣ
ԭˣ
ԭôģ
˴Ӿ㵵ĻлعڶʤǷΪʤķġ
ڶʤߣǧ˷ġ
ܣף
ľôҲ뵽ĻôһУȫȫķΧǰһľĽĹ˵ϣһıжôˡ

238 ģ̫

ĵӮңҲ˭
ⶼʣµģͬС̳ص̡
Ҫʦѧϰּգڶ޷תĿԡ
еɣһŻȥ๫ء
ĺǲͷĴߴŵ쿪ʼֲȺгƨٹ٣Լкܶ¶Ҫȥ
ҪصԺҵҪȥ۸¥һ⣬ҲҪǧ긮׼
ˣ˵ҲҪİݡ
๫ʲôҪҰӰɣһʱûгԽˡ
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ϾͳԽӰѣ
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һľܻĽȭͷɹҫһǰԲ䣬Բһĵġ
ǸУԵĹľġ
Ϊ˷ֹһٶˣľ˵ԵҪǸ質
ӮģľǱΪĮõŮӣҲӦһĸ
İ࣬ߵľһתĸ
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һһĻصУľڵĻᡣ
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ҪһȥȰȰɡҲЩⲻȥϾô˵ǰ˴ĮĹһսѴ̡

239 ֮Լ

ĮĿսˣôսģһ˵ΪľҪһЩĪˡ
ĺͻʵǣŴĮʹŵŮ˻ʹľסĹС
ԶԶأ㿴ľԺ棬ϵؾŸոճ۲ݡ
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ϾղǷİѹ޵ģδ˸ôԴء
ģҡ
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кö࣬ǴĮö඼ǴֿĺӣϲϴϢˡ
ţĺľ֮ƺǰӣ֮ĻΧУϲһչ
⻹򵥣ҴŹȥһõطҪô
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ա
ǰԺſγ̣ʹеľҲڳɢǰһпƺ

240 

ҹɫ
¹⽫УλһҹС
һصİУׯķĺľ˻һۣеĹâ׷͸һɫ
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׼ˣĽ㡣
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Ȯɫ̤빴Ժһ̿ʼ۵ɫ緱һʢš
λλϲʲô͵Ĺӡ
һɫɴ欵վڷĺľǰ¥ż֮УľĿµĿǰųһŵĹӣֱˡ
ÿÿ˳ĺÿСҪȥɡ
ľ˷׷뿪żУЦţ뿪֮ǰڷĵϣеһ⣬ķĵɭɭġ
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ڴĮսǶʱУҲܵʮصĴˣòǩ˺ƽԼָ֮õó
˵ھսϣĮһĹңһΣĮȻҪɧŴĮ߾عӣʵ÷Щԡ
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ԣ֪ʱʼعһʦǾʦܣܹռǽһȻܴĮľӣǲŲò²ߡ
Щ˵Ҳľν²ĸҪ˼
ԭһκֻһϵḶ́׳ɹĻȻع
ײɹߵĻعҲγһ壬عľӲʲôľٶھعǾʦʮֵĹ죬Ҹɳ˴ĮõĴ̿ɱǰعľӪɱʦ̿ʹع֮ʱȴһʬµǣʬȻ˾ʦиҸһЩ

ÿÿһ뵽һĻʱֳľǸо¡ʱһ̿͵ʬ壬Ǵ̿ͷѾ˺üգȴܻصĮӪУʵ˷ѽ⡣

241 ڽ

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ڴĮ֮Ҫ˽̫֪̫࣬Խ鷳
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˵ǣŲҪЩ߰飬Ǯӵġ
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ӦøˣǱǵģĽһ氡
˾˾ͺãҺȾƣȾƾͿˡ
ĶžƱڨЦš
װԺֻΪ˹񫣬ľ׵׵Ĵİݵͷ
ľѾû룬˵ƻѾɹˡ
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ʱһѾͨ˵ż֮У嫾еľƱİݣһ˫ɫ͸һ˿˿Ц⣬Цûаůľܽ˳뺣׵Ϣ
İǾƱؾ嫣һ˫֮ĵЦŷģеЦ÷ſˮ
࡫
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ԣϿװװ
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˵һ峺һᣬǷĻǼװԵľвһ顣ǡڽ

242 ᱳʹ

ҹɫǧ긮
Ķ鷿ĽУ˪һ㣬޾񣬵ȴűİ𷣡
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ǰԺַ³⣬ӡ
İݵڽеķĻ̧ͷһ˫ίķգգ͵Ŀİݡ
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ҪˣΪʲô
ľһ⣬عľжôǿ֪ģعһصľʦǾʦôĮ˲ٿ
һĿıǽܺ׳ɹɹҲҪɿֵı飬Ѿعɧű߾ˡ
ΪѾҵ˱ķӡ
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ģ
İүģϴ˻Ź糿Ҫо˶֪ô
ǡĽɫܲÿǲˡ
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һԱߺȲྐྵӱ߿Сķﺮ¿һ۷ģסضż
һ״ﺮȻһСҲֻ˵ǻð˼գҲֻİˡ

243 ú

׻˵úãһΪķһټһǾµĴڡ
ĺľͬĻƷ֣Ϊ˷ֹʲô۶ӵľٶİݺ嫽ֹκϵĽӴ
˵ôǧ˺ʹĮȥ˹Ժ͹ԺĹӷر߳ܵ顣
Ҿ˵ɣǧվǰͲסǻҲ᱾ֵġ
û뵽Įǧ˶һŮˣȻϲԺֵط
ǾǣΪǧ˸аˣû뵽
˵ĮŮ˺ģһϺһ
֪ʱĺľĹ¼ڶǴСţ汾ࡣ
ѾˣԼͶʮһ͵ûκһһ۴󲨣ǲ֪ĸжӱʹĮڹԺ顣
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⼸Ķʱϰ°ǰ۸¥ǧ긮֮⣬ĵطδ̤һϵļҲûȥ
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๫Ҳ˹
ĵİݵǰһŲ𿪣ֽϵ֮ʱڰյǿ԰Ȼˡ
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๫ľţ˵Ҫˣʱ׼ǧ긮
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һԼİЩڷɽ֮УȺֽľץסڷɽڣʲôˡ
ʱ˿Ҳݷֻ̫࣬ûɽУѰźµټ׷š
ʱѾ磬Ҷɢڷĵϡ
ڣɫ֮ʣҵ˺˵ӪءǱеķſڵϣ֦ȵסԼ壬ʱʮԱߣһԵ棬ľ©ԴϱŲȻǱ

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ģȻʶĵģȴףΪγҿӣƺװһʱˣһֱδ

244 

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245 û

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246 ǧ

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ȵǧ긮ַʧѾһʱ֮飬뿪˶ǡ
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ˡ
գİε̾һżٻ١
ˣȷǣвأͷǣǧꡣ

247 й

඼ٳǽء
ٳһɽˮ֮أ˵֮ʵЩǽٳǣѡ֮ض˹
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Сүʱ򿴵صźӣʲôϲ¶ô
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СƬ̣ڽǮջ֮£Ǹ˷ٳΪιϺӵԭ
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248 ȱ

˼ң
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249 ݣˣ

ССֵܡлл֮ӡ
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Ŷ˵ٳôƳˣļҵ̶ӱ˰˵ҲǣȺص˲ĺܣǳ͢ľӶҴ򡣡
ǲ֪˵ȺоִڵģһǸ͢ľų˿
ԣһһСϢ˵ɽ˺ͳ͢ĹԱйأҪǳ͢ԱзϢôȺһδζ͢Ľɱ
ļٵġ
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ʳǷ׷ŹڽԼɽ˵飬һûһš
СֵҸ˵ɽǰǸ֮أԴӰǰзΪܣͱ˲Ⱶѡ
˵ţȻûԾɵֵԵ飬ϸϸĸĽŹɽ顣
˵˵ţᵽرƵ顣
ҪǱӸոιҲᱻȺ񶾵ĵƣȱӻص˼ңһҪ֮˸صĴۡ
صĴۣ
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ĵǺɵʲôҾ徵
ҪǸǸҪͷǳϮ¼һٴΣԣٴΣٴΣСֵΡ
£ѯŷĳͷòãݲݣ
ںķĻеСӣŹĵļ򣬻˵һ仰ݣĺݣݵˡ

250 귽Ҷ

еھ˹һ
һϱɶ̫࣬콵˳ͷⱲ˹䡣
ٳǽϣΪ˷ֹ˻
ľĶӵʱ⼸ͣҹǰ˳ǣȻҲΪٳǷͣֻеҹĻ֮ʷǽ뿪ٳǡ
ĺ͹׼ۻؿջʱ·ȴһЩ顣
һһٳǰյ˵ϣϲ԰׻鴤Ӿزһ㣬ĺ͹ûǰʱһйٱ֡
ٱŰɫĲڵϵٳǰ̧˵ϡ
İɣ˵ٳˣ˵ֻҪմȾ߸ʱ䡣
ɱŻˣٳǺúõôʹȾˡ
Ҳ˵ˣ˵ӳʼӿڳܶ໧˼ҶѾˣֲýϷǣڿҲйء
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һ·ϣǷ׷˵ŹԼһνϵϸ顣
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еҩݰһЩѰҩݣֻǿĹЧû赲κߵĿܣѰСðβã˲һİˡ
ٳǽϣ߾һըһ˲䱬ըٳǵİǷ׷˿־֮УԭַǷĴֻߣ쳣Ļ
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ĵĿѵǵٻӰȥ崿ˣϢŮбŷ˵ĻһȢŮӡ
֪ΪΣ࿴һŮ֮ʱܾЩ죬ԽԽ졣
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ĵĿ⿴ԽԽԶҶϣǾ졣
կŮҺļҴСҶ˵ӰϵǰţԽǶԱԽö֮ƣеȴǧ
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կҲ˳˿ĵʱҲסˡ󵱼ҵġղȥǸ˺ү

251 ټ

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Ǽȥ׷үѹү׷
ˣҪ
կǱȥ׷˵Ĺ䣬ȴŮҶֹˡ
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252 оǸ

ĳڹ˳ǣǹĲ顣
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ԭڴܰطĻڣеֻԵʺԼزԹ˼ҸûκεĹϵ
һеԵɶΪǰշꡣ
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ԼжѻСɽĲȣļһӲ˷ڹĵС
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ıԼĵ֮⣬һʱǹĻָڼ䣬һܵκˡ
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253 СĶ̥

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ȻŹĽƲݸôжȴͽװƲݵĺӷŽıС
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ǧ˿ɱ̥һΰ׳ٿνʷϵһˣҲۣǰһǷĪ˵ϣְ

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㻹ǻȥɣǸ׸Լ·߾ͺáʾԶ㣬̲лϲ鷳ǸʥĸʣԤУù令뿪һ·鷳Ȼɶѡ

254 䲻

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ӣĿڷϣѵټԣж֮񱰮ô
ԭǲù֮ջҴ磬Ҵ

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255 Ľ

Ҷصļңһ·ϣҶҧűߺ죬һ˫ֲ֪÷ԼϵȥֻСĳŹ
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ĺͷ˵Ĺ׼֮ʱһԽԽգۼ䣬ǽĺѾǰ
һʣǽļլۡΧС
һȺ֮Ϊ׵ĺӲϱŵԵ⺺׺쳣
˵һͷӻڵϣԭĵӲİȥ
ǵҵĳٳǳΪ˹ǣôˮܿկһҶ̣ǰկٳǣǵֵҲŷһ
һĨɭ¹ڷĺ͹ϣδüĶ㿴ҿתͷͷӣһ⡣
Ǹ·ġ
ƨӺôҲկ󵱼ǧСûʸ˵Ǵ󵱼ҵĳ
׳կ󵱼ǧŭŷĺ͹䣬˵կСඣ֮
ǧĿˣ㲻ҪԴô
Ȼ䣬һҹݺصںҹ֮Уʱɳеķ˲С
ʱŹ䳤Ҷӳ˳¹֮У˫ӻ˫ţкݾ쵽ңֻһ۱Ĳ
ˢһһѲ˵ֱĴǧǰ
ǧʲô˸Ÿļл
ÿһһ򵱹ĪƱŷĴſˮ
Ľ㣬С֪ܲλĽĿˣҪ֪ĻԲҵ˶λ
ǧһķŵ棬Լϴˣȫᣬᣡ
ô
ǣȫǣǴСܣСҲҶĽĿ˴Сеġ
Բۣ
Բۣ
Բһһ״Ѿŵ⽹۵Ĺ䣬һԷĵľȡ
ں͹ľ㵣Ǹһһ֮Ҷĸı䡣
ȻûϴļҴСҶկŮҡ
Ϊһӻ©Ľ㣬ܽ͵ԭֻһˣ
˫˸
ʮһͣ׹ִдɱ񣬴ɱĿһӵ˫Ըˡ
ʱһƽ׽Ĵѧʦÿϣһ޶ɱ˿
ҹĸ̷˸ÿÿ֮󣬶Ὣֳĸɸɾװذ˸ӻصУۿ߼ı仯һΪԼٴĿꡣ
Ҷһǰһı仯ҲΨд۲ܽ͵
ι˴磬ǲǶϱϤһЩء
һļЦײѾĹ䣬ָͷ뵽ʱ˿̵ĹбضǧХ
ݣ
Ľ㣬аȻɽկΪףҲҪԷǣٳѾΪһ˳ǣҲҪһЩô
ҽôУҲ˵ҶչɽֵǣϹУǸԽһǱĹ
ŵӻ˫ɱ⣬ͬϵĲ˵һ˸˵ĺ⡣
ʱΨһ׸Ӧ˴˾
߳ƣⴳ
߳ƣҾ󿴡
츲Ҷдҷɡ
׺˸۹Ұǡϲԡ

256 Ǿ

Ľ㣬˺ݻࡣ
Ҷǰ߼ı仯ԭŮһӵ˫Ըˡ
˸һ˵ļҴС㣬һҹĻ֮ʱ˱һɰԵկŮҶ
ĶżȤζĿǰҶկǧԼһƱ̸еĳ棬˵̸У˵ǵѹһ֮
÷ĺ棬һʮŮôΪկĴ󵱼ң
ڸ÷ĸȤǹһ
ϱͦ
࡫
ſˮһ˫д𾪣ֱһ̣ĳ˻δشлع
ܣܣܣ
һظŲܡ
ôȵôҡһͱկĴ󵱼ҡ
Լǰľ󣬺ð֮ƺᶨʲôһ㣬Ҷկǧ̵ֵʱתȾܡ
ȥ
žһҶв֪ʱֵĳ޽ʵʵĽߵĹУһ˫ŵӻ˫еЦжôùĺս
Ҷеķ֣ùҡ
һԵǧǰҲһһЦڵ뿪ļҴլ֮ǰҶ͹˰úӡ
ҲǰӲկĹүǣ
ҹдĲҽǰӪȣֻɿĹΪҶ߬е಻á
ļլԺУ¹˵ϣڵңͬҲԹŷļȡ
ôҪˣ
Ҷһ۷ģĻӻֱʾԼûͷ
ĵҷģҷĴǳ֮ɵԹ˼ҶӾûаа뷨
ӽˮҲһɵκηǷ֮롣
ЩҪһĵҵģ֪ɷ֮һ
ٳǵ飿
Ҷ˵ҪʵıǹٳǷ顣
Ǿ仰ңҲڶ̶̵һٵĳбĹǣΪô򵥡
Ҷ˵Ҳ֤ʵ˷еĴӲ²⡣
Ӧüǵõճǽ֮Ҷ֮ʱĳɡ
Ҷ뿪ٳ֮ʱֵǰҩ۽ٳڡ
ұҩۺϾˮеĶԣȴá
˵˴ҶкԽŨţȻկͷӣɱ޹֮ˣ캦顣
ٳ֮ԻΪģȫȫЩˮͶʹߺУŻٳǱǡ
ˣ޷ȸˣֻýŵ˴ɽ
ˣĵҿ֪Ⱥ˵
˫Ҷں˵һЩϢҶ˵֮ʱеɫһ֡
죬һЩ˵ĶԻ
Ǿ죡
ɾĿʲô
ֵ飬˾ҪмǿĿԣٳǵľˮͶʹߺУٳǱһ֮ǶȻǵĿġ
ǣھĿľΪʲô
ȵȡ
ʲôһ㣬ķǰš
ٳɽˮ֮أ꿪֮ʱʵ۱ٳǽǺѡ֮صĽ˹ҲڵĶǡ
ȫһЩ飬̲һſǧٳǻ᲻֮ϡ
ĺԼһǾĿҲ֪ˡ
һʹٳǳΪ˳ǣʬ򣬶Щʬγɵʬػεס֮
üšһ𣬷ҧ˫
ҪĲǾĿʲôľĶء
ٳϢһϣڶһ磬ı׼뿪ٳǶǰǡ
Ҷֱһӣù䱾ľ
˴磬£
Ҳ¡
ҶҲǲҲǡ
߰ɣϵҶˡ
߰ɣֵİҶᱻ˳ˡ
÷Ӧô졣
䣬չļСɣʵڲеļСʱˡ
Ҳ԰
һඥСĸҹʱǰһطͺˣͲһ˸Ҷˡ
ôӺܺã
ȥǵ·;СֵҪСĲǣǾʹ˱ˡ
ã˶ҲСĲǣʹ˱ڡ
﹫һ·СģڡҶ˫ַ丩֮ĵͷӦţקʧ˽ӵľͷ

257 ๫˼

ݣ
ŶǵķͣεʻȥΪҶƣһ·ͨ衣
ڹҶ˵Ľʲôֻһร͸ɵӡ
ӱ޲߲ݼ֮󣬷ǻص˶ǡ
صǵʱѾҹǧ긮У·һͷ˷УȥϽ
Ѿ˯ŵϱһԹıжô
ǧ긮Ѿһʱ֮ˣĵʱ´ǰŮװꡣ
ʲôʱġ
ջһʱš
ĽҩӽϣƲݺͰӷҩУʾϽҩһĥ
һߴŹǷһĥҩݣſȫĥҩ֮С
Ѿͷɶ
ľʩ룬ղŻʱҰһľΣգѾȲҩʱˡ
ԣֱӷȹҩԣֱѪҺ֮УѪҺȫ
˵ţĽȫûĥĲҩС
ַͶʮһ͵ľעͬĹЧʱûעֻҩѨλҩѪҺ֮С
ָҩķʽһܴı׶ˣܼҩľֵǶȫƾһָС
Ҳûбķˡ
ջصǧ긮ķȫĵͶ뵽ҩУȫȻûע⵽Ӱ
ǧꡭ
ĪҪ˷ˡ
Ҫ߷ǧˣŮһæΧһԶΡ
İݵĿǵæµӰ֮ϣһĨЦ⸡С
һߣĽľ棬еҩ֭ľڣѪҺȫ֮ʱҩЧҲЧ
ֱ֮ʱľɫָѪɫȻһЩ԰ףɷĺǿԷˡ
ްˡ

һĽŵи
Ϣһ°ɣΪչĹ
Ļ֮ʱӭײһůĻϤ¶У˫ֱİݵ߻͵һϮ
๫Һ㡣
ΪҲ㣬롣
æһҹİݱ˷һҹʱ䡣
ŻƣŮӣİݽĺᱧڻ뿪˷䣬ѩ԰ȥ
ϿŶ˽еӰһ˿Ц⸡ֶЦ֮Ҳһֵǡ
ˣ
վǶ֮飬ѾͷҰպ÷ִ硣
СӣͽˣϷҵضϢᡣ
˯ͱ˳ˣһ˵ķڴϺµȥñ롣
һߣѩ԰֮С
ΰѵķĽıİݣǴűĻ˵ʱ˼
๫ûҡ
۾İݻУĵİݵؿڣϤ¶Ϥбаݡ
УΪˣҲķ˻᲻ˣ᲻Բ᲻ʲôѡ
ŶߴԵ˵ŶԼĹģ۾ķЦţЦܰ
Ҳ๫롣
˯ɡ
ã๫
ãȳƵĺ𣬷ı˫˯˹ȥ
һ˯ʮְȣһʱ䣬Ĳ⼸ձƣۡ
֦ͷķľȷľûκΣ֮鷿С
ƻҡҷţֽӳİݵӰӡ
ӰӶô˧
ҰҰ죬Ž鷿С
๫
๫ִӷĵĿлÿһֶĽģһԵƤһأҪô񺮾жôĶġ
๫ôòˣû˼ô˼Һģģ
ĲèһİݣϣһʮַɧƣǧĵҲ͸Źǵ˵֮⡣
ǧְ꣬ȸˡ
ʵܲ˷ĵ뿪鷿ʱ鷿ֻʣİݺͷˡ
˯˱ãЩӲ˺ܶࡣ
޳ָظŷĵգҰһ˫еϧ˼ޱر
İĶǰĳһӣĳԼĻУؽŲš
㹴Ϊʱįô
İݱڻеķҧűݣеɫд˼ҾǺÿüįҸ
ʵ򡭡
ϴˡ
˼ƽɫգȻİݶԼ𷣣»СС»˵Ĳ׷˽뿪ǧ긮顣

δ๫ʱգ˼ұƼ尾ҵԻҵĶ˵㣬룬룡ǰİݵĴǣӦǱĿǡ

258 ϵø

ҹɫ֪˶á
һ̲ſڴϣһİݣǧ֪ýý
ЦЦЦ
үģǹġ
д鷢˻ŮװƭΪ뿪ǧ긮ô
İݵָػĵļڽӴƤ֮ʱһֹо̼ŷÿһϸ
һΣյźţΣա
ˣһΣ֤һη
ĵķģ֤ԼԲˡ
ڷϴ̬ãǺİ˲֪ԭʼúõİһġ
ۣ
ȲϹҪۡ
ʱķļ̌һָ̧Ҳ˷ˡ
ſİݵƣݺݵҧһڡ
֪ҪȥĻǺ밡
๫֪ٳǷ飿
˵߱Ǽô
Ȼİ֪ٳǱߵľҪ˵ȴЩ
һ飬˵߱ʼٸߡ
ĿʲôʵѾҪˣŪףȺĵƾһ϶Լɱ֮ˣͳѧɶǧô
๫
ſİǰķ̧ͷİοԼһ¡
ɱ֮˻Ϊ֮߹ľô
Ĵʲô
ǰǽֻҲ仰
һеһжҪԼƿѿأν˹涨ΪӶţţһҲš
ԣİ˵һУҪ֪İôġ
Ͼڷ⽨ŵĹŴԴŲɡ
֮߹֮ˣֻΪķˡ
ظŷĵգ˫纣ķӳӰӣİһѹ¡
īɫĳڷĵķ䣬˵˿һ
Ϊ򲻹ΣΪ㶥ţȥΪ㡣
һһ䣬ûлĴ壬ȴǶԷİֿС
İݸ˫촽ϵȡջ
ǱĿȣĽԼޱķš
գ磡
İݣ֮ٸĴҧԾ
һǵ磬ͬһ̱ڴϣ޲ô·ʹİǸ̫ʬΡ
һһ͵ĺ⣬һʱ֮󣬷𴲣ûϼɫ
̸צӵģ
һĻľķȥ
˽ҩľδѣⶼԤ֮е顣
ҪȵǽҩҩЧ֮ľŻӻ֮ѹ
׼뿪֮ʱӭıѯľԼʱ֡
ĪҪģĶѾɾˣֻҪȴҩҩЧ֮󣬱ѡ
лǧˣǰ̬ȶеǧ˼¡
һ˫ɫ͸ΪֿǸ⣬÷ĵǲ˼
Ӵ˱ô˵жǧ긮ҲЩĹϵȬȻõ顣
ļڴǣľ֣УĹ֮ޱıɼ嫶õĹĲ١
ʵһֱľ֮˽ߵ顣
ľŸдǧ긮֪֮ͣ٣Ϊλþµ˽˺ĳһһǳ⡣
һ仰˵ҪôǴĮмϸҪôǻʹоˡ
һжоգҲȥʲôϾѾȥˣǣʲôıľͺûϵˡ
Ҳ̫ıۡ
뿪˷䣬ǰһЩճӵĲҩ
һ·ϣյصڶߣĿųⲻϺ˵ľɫ뵽ٳǡ
ʱٳҲôɽյĹѾΪǡ
á
ôѾͷ˹ûд鸴ȼ
ϺٺٵЦţһԵıǵ÷ۡ
ҺСɰ֮Ǵϵ벻Ҫۻİ뷨֮Уɺã
ϣϵ˺Ů֮ǲӵдϵҪôǶԷУҪôǸ䡣
ŷģһϷ֪Ϸʲôı顣
֪ѾͷɵװɵǧڽӪȣƲݣ鶼һ˶Ů˰ĽԼ
ƫƫѾͷоֻоǧһˣĺҲûǹҲգֵܡ
ⲻ֪ĽĺҺ͹ĵֵܣȴĵֿ
ϵøӣȻˡ

259 ¶

õҩ
ɢϣʾСӸҩȥǧ긮ûЩҩݣֲ˼ñ˴ͣҲֻǰùҩˡ
ˣ
׼ǰİҪĵʲô˭֪ǰ֮ʱСѾͷȻæջ֡
ûⲻڿ쵽ôһ۵ȥģһǰô
֮ջ֣ǲϲİ֮飬ϾǸҽҽǸ˾һеŵ
İݵԽ֪ԽãҲ԰ȫ
ַĺ˵Ȼʲô˼ĵıԽĹŹ֣һè塣
ˣѾͷмҪ˵һ¡
ƺʲôϺͷ˵ˡٲʥҽǱ顣
㲻ҪȥԺϿôضѾͷһ꡶ٲʥҽϽϷù
ٲʥҽ㲻ǿôʱ˸һȫмصķӿɱȡٲʥҽöˡ
һȫ˫˸ŹâҪĸ֮ضһذѡٲʥҽ
˵ضòˣҲһʱ֪ϵͽ֮һ
Ҫ֪֮ôһϵҲðѡٲʥҽȥˣֱ˵һͨͺˡ
ڼúһ飬ҩ׼ǧ긮
صǧ긮İ;УһȺ·˲ǱˣԬϹܼҡ
ǧˣһ˰ɣСүˣĺء
ϣϹܼ˵Ԭƽز֮ʱƬ̣Ѿ˵ڲԬˣɾסϹܼ¹Ҳֻøıԭег̣ĳǰԬ
Ԭ
ô£ôᲡôأе˶ȥѷĴ򿪡
ȫȥҽĴӴ͸
ڵϣزԬƽ۾ִƽĶͷ֮ϣһ˫üͷš
ôộƽ糿ʲô
Ӳ⣬֮ǲԸð֢״
ɵƾƬ֮ҲȷʲôȥȡԼһЩҽõҩߡ
г˷֮⻹һصԬԬܸӶˣԼһغϹܼҡ
ǧ˵Ļү糿ͺһЩ࣬з˿ҩ
һԡ
Բҩϣƽڲų֢״
ܼҽ糿һöµĴгѾ˵࣬ĶϹζ
ǧˣʲôô
˭ࣿ
Ľϣüĸһ֡
ǧˣū࣬Դǧȥ֮ү㲻ϲԷūÿ糿ŷĸүһࡣ
ϹܼҵĵĿϹܼҵϡ
ж׼ȷ˵ǰˮ˶
һ仰ϹܼңԬԬҲһ
Ȳ˵Ǻ¶Ԭֽ䱸ɭϵĵط¶ıճ˵㹻ǧɱˡ
ܰ
Ϲܼҡͷ
ʳסлǸ棬ֻҪغүԳһȷ޶֮Żһʳүá
ûʲôܵģжϵû¶֮㲻ע½κϽˮУƽʳòࡣ
޶жõˮˮ󿪴֮ʱҲȻС
ҵƽûг̫ʳ
ġ֪Ǻֶҩ
ԬŷĹƽڵĶҩΪ֣ɷȴҡͷʾԼҲʲôҩ
ֶֻ֪ҩѸͣһʱĻǴҲ췦ˡ
֮ԬͷҪҩһһ͵ҩݴµķʹͣƽθеĶҩȫ¶
ƽҩҩеĳɷкһЩأ롣
ƽȱһı׶ˣҲΪֱȶߣƽΪҩ۵ĳɷۺ΢һֶء
ԺʲôҪעһЩܼʱһΣұ֤ԼἰʱֵڶΡ
ɾ˫֣ԬƽѾ¶ȵĶͷһҲ
ŷ׺ѪɫСΪҴñӣ뿪Ԭ
뿪ԬʱݴĴ
վԬǰݵĿǽʧе֮ϣƺ͸ųеķġķͷݵĴڣ³񣬾͵ˡ

260 

գԺ
ղģŮѧõѧǷ׷ױԼ֮顣
Ľ㣬ôʱ䲻ˣһ㶼ô
԰Ľ㣬ǳء
ǣӺ˵ȥ˳ˣĽȥҹ˴ô
ȿȣ
Өظŷﺮʱ˵ĻһԵķﺮɿţʾӨЩ˵á
Ȼûȥﺮо˫
Ҷˣ˵׵ĪҪ֣ġôҲæֲ顭ڶҺ㼱ˣ
һŮѧǰﺮⱻץһϳ˽ңɷ˵һٱ
ӨضſһԿ֣Ů໥һʮ
ķﺮί
Ǽġ
úõҶӲԶ÷ᡣ
ǿ벻̣޿̡
´λ˵ô
˵ˡ
һɵģķﺮ⾡ĶôտϻҪŲõ΢Ц
Ľ㣬ȥ۸¥ԷǮ
Ůѧǿֲ¶󣬲֪˭־ٱ˷ﺮĶС
Ǻ
һʱȥˣŮѧҲ׼ǧ긮
ߵ֮ʱȴסȥ·
һȺֵ˶ǰ·Ĳò뿪
ֻȺ֮Уɫ׵ĵڵϻ鴤ţҿвϵŰĭӣʮֵˡ
㿴㿴˵˻ţһǱˡ
ܣô˳ǵʲôֲ
ôͲأϵʱҼȥǶǿڿݾˮͱǹ˻ʲô
ļٵģ˵Ƕǿڿݾ˵ǿھֹ˱ǡ
һƭ㲻ɣǵһǱŮˣϿ̧õʿа
˵ţ˷׷ǰ鴤̧ˣûֿ·ҲȻȻĳͨˡ
ɷȴվԭöûжһ˫ǽʧеļˣвõԤ͵ظֶ
ղ֢״ٳǸȾ߲֮˵֢״һһѵ˵
ܣӦûԣ
Ǿٳһľ룬߲ӵǡ
ȵȣ
ŷŶЩķһʶ鲻ֱǧ긮
๫ô
ҹɫǣصǧ긮ķѯİǷ
ǧ˵ĻƺһЩ飬ǧ껹ڻʹС
ڻʹô
๫ǻ˱ȥңʱмǲ׼κ˽ǧ긮ô
ǡְ
֮ʱֻǷĵĲ²⣬Сʻ괬ߵĻһٺòˡ
ǧ긮뿪ķֱ˼ãϲĿŷġ
ʲô飬㼱ģԬô
ڸβһȺΧ۵Ǹߡ
Ҫǰҽǲ֮ʱֹסϡ
ɫ԰ףѣ˫ۻǣг鴤Ŀⲡڷա
Ѿͷʲô
ȱӴˣ˶˺
ǿƵĻżõ˺͸òһľ룬һߣ쳣ء
ϣӦ˵ٳ߱˰ɡ
֪͢Ѿȥˣôˣ
ϵĻ÷ЦţѾȷϵĶغٳͬ
ҴٳǻʱٳѾΪǣٳǸߺֳ֢״һģһ
ԵĻΪ𾪣ȷ֮£׵üͷһ
ˣ˶뿪á
Ӧˡ
̾һۼ߷֮˵֢״ҲߴٶжôңڰڣǲǱЯߡ
ڵ״²⣬ʮѸ͵Ƴʼαɢš
жϵһ
ʱ֮ʮ֮˱͵˼ãЩжȦĹӸ̣ÿһֳ֢״ٳ߲֮ʱ޼
һҹ֮䣬߱˴ֲ
Сӣȥʹ˵þǧڻʹǰ뿪
֪ǧˡ
С˷ڵľǧİοȣʹҪȫĶࡣ
ϣ֡
ˡһҹʱ䣬ĺտŸȾߵĲǷжôʥĸȰ֮ģѾУ֪ԼûбȾϣصǧ긮ڼΪ
һЩҩЩҩιȾߵĲȻЩЧα겻αֻӻ֢״

261 ɱ

ǲУѾͷȺҩɣԤһ¡
Ĵнӹҩ룬пɬҩ֭һںȥ
Щҩֻܻ֢״޷ߣôȥǳΪ֮ء
̾ҽʮδѸ͵ߣǰҲ飬ɴһε߾ǺˮһͻȻ˴ֲ
˵ߣ˵һִȾԺǿҵĶ
ĺ˵Źٳߵʼĩһе׶Ϊ졣
ǵ߱Ȼ벻˸ϵ
ʱһ߲֮˱͵˼ãĺæýŲմصŲ
Сӣøҡ
ĲδŵݹģƤҩ
벡֮˵Ѩλ󣬷Сȥʹδ飬һӨضȶʮŮӰѧڼС
֣ôˣﺮôӵġ
ԹķﺮʾԼ൱޹Ⱥвðæġ
Ľ㣬鲻ֺӣԼҪġ
ǵĽ㣬Ǻѧҽôˣ񶼳߱ѧҽ֮˲ܶڲħıˣѧҽʲôá
Ľ㣬æģǵϡ
ضԼ˼ᶨ˵Լľġ
ǼȻѡѧҽ㲻ηѣһ߱˲뿴һĻѾˣҲηηβ
ǡ
˺ˣȺСѾͷҲҪæ
ϴԲȻ׷ڵȺѧİΣɼȻѡҽ·ҪԸͻķһΣա
ĳ̾һεĿһۡ
ҪСģͨƤӴ
֪Ľ㣬ǻСĵġ
ŮӰʮ˻ҽķַ⴦Ŀֺף޶ȵıѧǸȾ
һ췱æʱ䣬ϵв˱ãǷĺϣӨضҲûϢ
ߣڶۿ
·գ۱۵ʱ䣬Ǿͻɵڶٳǣһ֮ء
峿֮ʱһϢӹ̫ĿдĶУЩվȡ
ǧɣҲв˸ȾߣǧꡭǧҲ
̫˵껰ֱʹ
߲ϵػ̫ϢİҲȾߣôܡ
ʹ䱸ɭϣԴöȶҪ̫ԳԣôɢʹС
Ӽǰʹһ·ϳͨ裬ʱǴϳ˷֮⣬һ˵ӰӶ
ݣ
ݣ
ڣɳ۸ϵ˻ʹʹҲ˷ĵ⣬δɷڻʹǰС
Ե⣬Ĳܽˣĵĵǰŷ˷С
ȿȡȥ
Ϊ̤뷿ţдİݵֹŷĽ뷿䡣
һһ߿Ŵڣɫ԰׺мٵİݣһ˫йŵˮҲ̲סĵǼš
๫
ͨ˫һߵİߣÿǰһİݱһ
ΪȾߣĪҪǰᴫȾˡ
ʲôϵ
ٴǰһץסİݵ֣űԼˡ
ӣǧ긮Ůˣҽ˵õҽһССʲô
ˡ
عİݵĿڷĵϣǲ԰׵ݼ֮⣬еĻﶼᡣ
Ϊôɵ
޳ָظŷĵգ۶ǰϧ
֪Ⱦȴ޷˵ıУβȥġ
˭Ҳ֪ʹкȾϵߣİݣˡ
ҹ֮ʱչİ˯ԼڴţԷΪء
ֻʱĿס飬ûһεķӣȥ
Ĳ
ҹɫڴϵİݺԽļ٣ĽšɵëİݵͷϣԭʼΪ併¡
ʱһӰĽչİݣʾҪȥŪһЩҩݡ
ɫڵĸǵֵӰ֮˻ʹһƫƧĵط
ʱӰͣ˽Ųŵժ
Ȼ㡣
˲Ǳˣϡ
ղˡ
ϰЦۿŷġ
ôٳǱǻǣִô
Ķżһ˫ϵϣкⲻıԼɱ⡣
İݸȾߣѰҩ֮˳ֵʱ
ôɱңѵûô

262 ҪĽ

ɫ֮£İ˫бŷɱ⡣
ʱȴЦһƵЦƺƴһһ
Ϸ֮Գڻʹ֮УҪһס
ף
Ѱ֮ˣıȶ˼ɡ
ǰǾ֮ˣ÷Ĳòһۡ
ħףʼܻ˵õһЩô֮ħһһĽԨ֮С
ˣĲԣһֶš
ҲлɵɫŵЦƺܿ϶˷һһ
Ϸǵǧ˵һɽͼĲƬֻҪһöɽͼĲƬϷϷȻǧ˽ҩ
һһֲ˵ԼĽ׵
ҪɽͼĲƬ֮ȣİݵڰ˵ڷĵˡ
Ҳף඼ͷĺްǣ඼ǣҲģİҲȾߣֻҪİƻУ֤Ļͷ
һŶ˵ôɽͼƬǧأǧӦֵܷɡ
Ǻǣ
ʱɭĵɫ֮£Цš
һΪжôֻΪһɽͼĲƬôĶ
еЦɱ¶š
ǰԾһЦݵߣʱԵĻһڴ¼ɱ˷ԨͬʱҲһɱ
ûкҩ
ǿɽͼ⼸˵Ҫö࣬ǧ˿ǧҲҪɽͼҪö࣬ô
ϳ׼˷ĻΪİݶɽͼ
ðɣȻ϶˵ɽͼûУΪ๫ֺҴţиҪһ
ǧ˵ٳߵɡ
˷Ҫʲô˫ֱ˫ۣһ˫ǵӳŵ¹ѪɫһƬ
ϷµûĻǧӦ뵽𰸣ֺϷ֤ء
ǶǵĻش֤˷еĲ롣
һĨЦŨңһԭ˵ı顣
ȻҲˣʲôطʲôʱ佻ɽͼ
ʱ֮඼֮ϡ
ʵкܶʣʾ쵽Ҫʲôô飬ĿΪʲô
Ҳ֪Ĵ𰸣ϲ˵ֵ顣
Ҳȥ˷ѿࡣ
඼԰˵ںİݵİΣʱʱ̵̿ǣġ
һɽͼĲоѣİݺޱȽϵĿԡ
һƥɿ뿪˻ʹ֮ʱǷصĳլɱȥ
һ·ڣڴʱ֮󣬷լ
˵һլԺһʱլѾȥ¥ա
߽ԺУŵĺ˳򿪺֮ʱ氲һƤɽͼ
Ǵ˵еɽͼô
Ƥ̯¹⿴ɽӣȻǲƬÿһϸƶôƺһصһ÷Щԡ
һ𣬽˼ķʵ
ģҪɽͼ죿
˲Ǳˣݡ
ӷ߼һݱ㽫һжС
뿴ľûɽͼ뿴ĻʲôѡǱڷլ
ݵĽɽͼ˻Уһ԰׵ˡ
ǲʹĥհ©սүҲԵƣ
һһսһ˫ӿŷĵ˫ۣĵľѾˡ
ģһɽͼ;ˣ롣
ԣүһֱĿɽͼô
ͷӳݱȴ͸˫ۣ΢΢
үӦףɽͼ˵ֻֽͬںİݵ˵޹ء
£Ĳ赲ǰݣҪ뿪լǰ׵صϻȡҩ
ɾڷ뿪һ˲䣬ֱ۱ݽץס
׼ء
ݵĻ÷Ц
תͷݵϣ͸ŵ֮⡣
үΪڵ״ҵĶô˷Ȱүһ䣬˾ҪúõţӢΪ֮˻Ҫȥ㣬үҲ֪úܡеɫΪΣ뿪լŽ׵ٶȥ

263 Ϊθҩ

ʧڽֵľͷݵĿȴһֱŷĵıӰþòȥ
ǱĴ΢ţеĻ˻ȥ
ҹУƺһǳǳ̾Ϣţ͸żλһ˿˿Գ
һߣ඼֡
ΪߵıյĽֵʱҹһ㡣

ץס֣
ǧ׼ʱϷϲǧʱ̬ȡ
Ʊ߶ûõģɽͼѾˣҩأ
Ľеɽͼ˳ɫ֮£ɽͼݺɽƻһ㣬ţϿɽͼͬӻóһöɫĴƿ
ƿߵĽҩǧ˿ԽɽͼϷ˰ɡ
ϵҷ꺢ͯô
ѡȫΪİݵǻǾ仰žˣǰɫĴƿǲߵĽҩ֪
ҩǼٵģϱ̳ɽͼˣʱɾ˲յĽˡ
ƾʲôŴƿߵĽҩ
ŲϣҲһӣʾ½һߵץ
ץ֮ڵϻ鴤ͣϴӴƿеһҩɫĵҩ͵˿УһӵĹԭ鴤ͣزֹͣ˳ҺҲ˳ࡣ
ǧҽտϷҪˣթĻȻǧ˵۾
˵ţϻǰߵߣƺ·Ķκв
ԣǧ긮ôҪҩǼϷȥϷʱǧ˺ȥǧҲûʱȥˡ
Ϲἰİݣŷĵߡ
ãȻˬ죬ҷҲǸ֮ˡ
˵ţĴù˰ɫĴƿɽͼĲƬӸϡ
һֽͼһֽҩ˴˶ȵ˶ԷҪĶ
תߵʱϵһ
˸ǧˣƿҩһöѾ˷һţǧƼòźá
ϵЦصҹɫ֮УķĲδκηŭı飬ǣһĨͬЦݡ
Ҳ˸һ飬ȻĿ
Ĵδ˵ܡ
ĿĸҲǷڿ϶Լвɡ
ĿıʦѵģеĶĿǶͼֽһĶʮ̡
ʦϾʱϲȥĹѨһ⣬ΪԼü䣬ԾѵǿӼͼֽļܡ
˵ڿɽͼĵһۣ㽫Ƭеμġ
ֻҪ˵ĻԻǧżɽͼƬϵóȥ
ϱ̳أģ㻹ŵ㡣
һĨЦޱرţŻʹɱȥԭصϵ˰˫һĨܶƺʲô
ϣҪҪɱˣļסɽͼƬݣǺܲ
еһ˽齫Żᱣ֤ɽͼй
˭֪ϻعһ˫ŵɢ⣬˵ĺˡ
ĵݲģҪš
ְ𷣡
ᵽֵʱ򣬺ͨһڵϣ۵׵ľ֮ΪŨҡ
ðΣϲŻ˺˵С
²Ϊ߰ɡ
ǣ
һʮӦʧҹɫ֮Уֻµڻ˯Ĳˡ
ݣ
ص˻ʹڻʹǰݡ
ƺڻʹǰڵŷһ
վǽɽͼ˳ȥ
Ȼأ
ϣĿݣ˫źӣһδľٶ
ĴӻóɫĴƿһöҩӸݡ
еĺɫҩ裬΢ŽüĿŷġ
ʲô
֮Ľҩ
ĵĻݰ˫ĿвĿſϵŮˣΪλὫҩ
ΪΣ
һл񣬾͵ʥ̳үѡ
ʥ̳зһĻеķ֮ʱ˵Щ
ҩݵĿĲΪΪĶҩԼҪŪ׵ճ֮ʱݳֵԸ⣬Ϊ±׶
ү˵Ļı׶ɾ޽ءʵͽһͱ׶Ľҩˣκ׵ķãҪ׵׵ĽⶾĻҪеĽҩһһȫ֮ʱſǵĽһֶҩƻڶ໥ƺЧϵĻ˵оųɾŵļʻ˲䱩

264 ˭˭

Ļ֮ʱеɫһ֡
Цݵı仯קǰ
үȱ𼤶֮ʱ㡣
һ仰͸ŵЦ⣬ս֣е飬ʹ֮С
յصڻʹҹ֮УվڹǰݻعĿ⿴ŷʧıӰеɫš
ĺңΪԾػķô
ıʲôӣʼҪػ֮ˡ
ҹУһѻɫӰ¹֮£һ˫ɫǿŷʧıӰе
Ӧ֪ǹؼ֮ʱòġ
ݱصҹɫУ˲ůĴҲƺ轵һ㡣
վߵĺԾЦţЦ˿顣
ʱؼ˳ĬǳĬѹĬеɱȴŭŷš
һߣصİڵԺ䡣
׼ˮˮ
Ľƿеҩιİݣҩһֱںĺһˮιİݺˮҩ͵θ
ڣæһеķİݴߣŲ԰׵Ŀ壬ظ
ʣµҩ͵ԽС
ǣǧˡҲϢһ°ɡ
иֳһĨ֮ɫǧĲѾȶˣ˵ҩѾãɷĵɫҰ׵ۡ
ȵȡۣ
뵽˴˲㽫ֲе⣬Űɫƿ뿪˻ʹշĵķԸǰá
һֱİݵߣ߱ʼѾռҹδϹϢֱȷİ֮һŵ
һӴսʱڴϵİݻ˫ۣתͷ֮ʱŰſڴ˯˵ķġ
޳Ĵظŷĵĳ΢ľٶ˯еķġ
ո˯µķ͵̧ͷӭİݵ˫˲õЦݡ
๫ˣ
һֱΪô
İ۵Ŀ㲲ӣһ߼ռҹδۡ
ָⴥŷĵգǧﶼ㼯ľٶ֮С
ˡ
Уһ㶼ࡣ
һЦţһ߶ˮص˴ߣİݲˮ
๫ȺȵˮȥһЩóԵģ
һĹǷỨ뿪֮ʱһ˫ֽ˻С
˯һɣΪߡ
ıİݽڻУڴİݵֱۣǻϤůһ˿˿֮ⲻϵӿ
ãȳƵĺ𣬷ĺ˯˻ȥ
ʱӼûǰϥĹڵϣİ˵⼸顣
ǷĲ߲ݵչǧ꣬ԼһǰլȡɽͼϽ׵顣
ˡ
һ˫ڻ˯֮ϣ˯ƺ¼ı
İݸŷĵĶͷ˵İ
ڷȥĽҩҹϹƳҩͬЧǼǮҪ˵öҩݡ
ŮӰʮѧİ£ٵΣǻΪĵĶȹˡ
ʱϺŮӰĶʮ˱ڶǵĴСַߵҩݣҷĲա
öǵİǶϺ͸Өض˵ĸм֮ԽŨš
УĿгķӣһεĸ̾ϵĴǡ
ˣȻϵ
ҩеҩݿ˵źܺõЧãұȾ¸ĽҩҪ˵ĶĶĶࡣ
Ѿͷɵɵ඼֮ԵþȶĹͣȴҫˣǲ⡣
ģЩҩǷģ඼֮Ա˳ΪǣǷĵĹͣȴеƵͶʮӵϡ
öǵİ֪һжĹͣͻתġ
ѽ˭˭ѽһҩô
İ˰֣ʾԼЩ߰١
˶ҵӡθʲôϵͷҳЩˡ
ŷЦݣ˿Թӿװʲô⡣
¼ĸҽʦģÿһλжԭʼĻӡƫƫѾͷĽһк¶ƵϣΪƳ˽ҩ
ѾͷİɽͼƬȥˣ
ȻأΪҩǴĲɡ
һϣĶ豭ǳһһطʼ벻ףҪɽͼĻȫñķʽΪηôأ

265 ޲

Ƿʼղ׵һ⡣
һӴ֯Ӵ󵽱鲼߹
ôǿ֯ΪһٶЩùҪõɽͼ
ʲôǿȭͷ˵ʱοǾǿ֯
ƫƫȺ˷ҪˣĻֶΣŪЩ߰飬ͷĿֻһɽͼ
˭֪ڼƻʲôɡ
ʼʾԼҲȥ֪
˵бҪͷἰһŮӰĶʮŮ
ϷΪȥԺǻӣû뵽ȥ˰
ɶ˼ǿô
е飬۶Ǳӡ
ڱУȥԺĿֻǻԵ칤ʡ
ҲĽѧҽѧ֪ʶô
ôЩ󱦱Ǳֲɡ
ֱֹϷ룬û뵽һεεǧСڹؼ֮ʱΣңұֳ˴ҽԱõʡ
ϺٿˣȺŮߣҲɼĸӨض˵ı൱⡣
ض͸Ө˵Ӿѧҽĺӣ嵶ŽҲʮֲѧҽ֮ˡ
һһĿţʮÿһֶ޴ţҿϸĵȵȵȵȣ
Լѧ佱ʦķܲˡ
˵ߺеǶʱ䣬ŮӰѧҲǲ߲ݵչŲ
ˣǸͽҲ
صĿ佱һ
û뵽˵ľӣȻϱš
˵߷ʱ棬İΣ඼͸ĳصȼҪҩݣƾǼЩҩô඼һǵʹõҩ
ߣϿŮѧõĶʮԼϣ»ָϳȺҲŹڴ˴ߵ飬ǶʮŮĸףһЦݱжôĽˡ
֮ϣʵ̫ʹ͵ʥּŮӰʮѧԼÿһ˶յ˲̶ͬȵİŮӰѧļҳǸеӡ
³֮˸ߴ˵˷׷ߵİߣİ񣬱Լĸм֮⡣
лǧ꣬лǧˡ
λ˿ˣҽǱٵķˣλҪлĻл˱ɡ
ǧˣ¹ٵһᱸϱм֮顣
ûзĵĻǵŮҲĵô٣ڿȷš
˵ˣǶ֪̰ƣϼӺһЩֵǮֻȫֵõģ֮ȣǵŮܴҫǿϲ¡
İݻصǧ긮ʱ򣬱㿴æµŵӰĵæʱһһѲ˵ֱǰС
Ĵ־ٶھİݣҳͷȡ
İݺ֪Ȥվ⣬ṳ̂벽
ˣ֮ʱԱҪЩˣǶԷ˵ĸм֮顣
ûʱ䰡๫ҵ˰ɡ
æ⣬⼸ʱѧǣҪúõĽһǲǡ
¥Ĳǳˣ۸¥Ļո¿ҵ˼֮£ĻǾŮϲԵĵ⡣
ʲô
Ⱑ๫ãҰѼɢˡ
Ķһ߳˳ǵĴ轻İݡ
๫ˡ
˵ţĽһСʷ⣬ʾİݿɢǾԲ̤벽ԡ
ǰһļ壬һİϼεЦ⣬Сϣſӿʼ塣
ˣΪҲģ˳һȥΡ
⣬İݵĶУںķİҪʲô
๫иҥȽһЩĸأ
˳ʲôΪϲ
ʲôϲ
ķĺٺٵЦȻĻͳһرĸˡ
ǺӳдһʱʱϢĸ¶ǵĸɲ˵Ů֮鰮Լ˶ֱд
ŷĳİϽЦݣȻ֪ԼСӻֱ¡
๫˼ҳĺò˼һöĸأٸ㳪һ§˼ҺҪ
İݿڻؾǳɤӳҸǻƱĸʸףʾʵĻһһĺгǺš
߳Ļ֣Ϊǧ긮ǡ
һŶ䣬һֹħһǧǶˡ
ǧˣкͨɡǺò׳ƨĹԷǰĵĳһȺɡ

266 ô

֮ʺرΪָ̽̽е⾳
̤һ̣һЦİݿŷֱѩ԰
֮ᷢʲôٶ˵Ļ棬ֻĻ
߹ȥˣ֮߱ʱĳҲ֮ʱ佥ʧǵļ֮ա
һǵͣ඼ǰĮƮڷС
Ľ㣬ȥһ֪
վڷǰľЦѾ˵˷֮£м
ҲֻбʾлˣվҪصĮġ
Ĳ֪ΪΣܾ֮ľЩͬﲻͬһʱ˵
ӱóһЩ˫ɫЦЩһЩ˵ȴ޷ĸıľߡ
ֱ۵ĸľþһľ࣬ľֲŮеıԡ
ּµìܽ֯ľϣɱϾľǴĮĹҲöʡ
ĹĪҪ˸УʱĻҺ๫ȥĮ棬ʱҪдء
Цţ˵ԼİʱһȥĮΡ
ľҲ֪ԲǰΣԼĻˡ
ǰ˫ɫӼ֮۵ףĽŷġ
Ľ㡣
ĽңЦˣֲ̰ƣôĽء
Ļ˻ڨЦţľĽĵط
ҲһǵĻţǰҺһÿκ飬һжˡ
Ī˸Ϣľϣ仰Իлڰָʲô
ľתĿ嫵ϣеɫǼһ֣ǴǵЦҲһĴ⡣
Ľ㲻ӦþȻңõĽ֡
˵ʲôɥ۷ʲô飬ֻҪ˻վϣġ
ľǱĸӺζ𣬷˳ľ߿˹ȥ嫵ϡ
ǲľͷĵߣתĳŷӦףתͷʹŵŹڹ̵顣
ǰ˻վǻϣġ
ľζظŷ˵ĻǵЦ⽥ɢˡ
Ľ㣬һĮĻһҪҡ
ãһΪһǰĮһȥѰҹ
һ俴ЦĻصڿС
ľͷ
Įʹ뿪˶ǣʧڷĵУʧ˵ƽڡ
ɲ֮ıϢȴǾþòɢ
ĲľΪλ˸УҲ֮ľĸı䣬˵Ǿ仰۷ʲôڵ·жô⣬ֻҪȥϣվǰ
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267 Ҫɶ

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ĵĻڷﺮĶ߲ϵţأﺮЦţٴ˫ۣе
ΪķҸ𡣡
סȫԼҲԼԹңǲ÷ǧնҲɱ˷Ԩ
ܹ˵Ԩףǲɱ˷ԨģǸϼһﲻ֪вҲֻͷԨµˡ
˵壬ǼѾ֪Ԩŵݣڷ˵ϷʱӦòὫǧԵܹ֮ڰɡ
İɣȻ߹з֧ǻûǿԿȻñ֪ܵϵܡ
ﺮȻ׷ʲô˼
ǹǽʲô÷嶼޷ƿص顣
ȵǸʱ򣬷嶨ȻɷĺȻὫǧϱŵɽͼ鹫ʱǧԼϹһţҲ޷ֵǧ̰֮ġ
ιۣһƻ
أһĨյЦ⸡ڴǡ
ϸֳЦ÷ﺮ⼹Ҫʲô

268 

׻˵úãңǶһ֮䡣
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ﺮĻ÷ҡҡͷ潻սĻϹĶ֣ˣа
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269 ô

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270 һ

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271 ˿

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ǣȡİݵĿ⣬ľ׵ЦʼնֻԷһˣе޲ðеᶼϸǾĽĴǧ긮ϳȥ

272 ĽĺҾ䰡

ǧԷĶ飬һ൱Σյźš
ǧĴҵջڷĵУԲɡ
İݵĵʱ֮Ҳˣصѩ԰֮У鷿ôİڮԼġ
鷿УһйȻһ㣬˵Źڷ顣
ǧ꣬Ӧ֪ĵݣΪλҪһٶִԲء
Ϊİݵ̴ӣΪǧ긮ĹܼңϿĵȰ˵İݽĸϳǧ긮ҲĪҪֲɾŮ˶ġ
ǧ꣬ĺǧעˣӦպص࣬ΪҪԼ޷԰Ρ
ΪźǧĹܼңĸܵǧԷĵ㺣һ˶Ů˵İ
¼䣬˭˶ԳǧİΨһ˲ԡ
ɱ֮ˣǧҪһȥضɴġ
ƻ֮£İ̧ͷһ˫ǵĵ۳żŭĺ⣬ƺھԼݣҲͬʱԼ롣
Ǳӣ»ǷģҪ
ǡ
ϻ˵ʲôս߼˵ڵĻȫ˻ȥ
ˣԾɵֵҪĸϳǧ긮ġ
ǧʹ޷԰ΣҲ÷ĳΪǧɾʹҵ׸
գԺ
ڽŮӰγ̵ʱԶԶһѻɫӰ߽
֮£˫ɫ͸Ц⣬ĺҵĳѧǵľ̾š
ĺͳôͳ죬ú˧
ǰĺ˧˧ǰ;ĺͳǴŮĿеɾء
һյģĺͳĽģǼʲô
ϿΣӳȥһ¡ķеĿα뿪ѧãŮѧԺѧһǾԲŲȥ͵͵ı飬ɷĸո뿪ңӨضͷſڴԱߣŶҪһ
֮˵Щʲô
ҸôŮѧˣĪҪΪŮѧõķˣ
һӣЦţϵЦݾͬü˸һܰ
ҺԺһЩ飬·Ůѧãſν˵ġ
ĺ֣ŷĵĳǾٶһڿϷŮĶˡ
ſڴԱ͵͵ĸӨƺʲôһ㡣
ҲܣҾϲĺҺĽһĺҿĽôᡣ
ҲͦϣĺҺĽһģǧĽɣĽϲǧ˰
ضǾþǧĽȽ䣬Ȼж˵һٱڮ٣ϲĽ;ǧһΪһԡ
ĺᣬܾȱЩʲôҪĽ㿴ĺҵĿõ飬ĺİ
ֻһϣĽүһɡ
嵶˿ˣԼ
ڿƺֻԼһϣĽүһ
ȿȣ
Ŀⶢţ嵶εĿš
Ҳǿ˹ĽǼ汾Ų뷨Ҳܹ
ǡүĽȴǺ䲻ô
һߣںĺķĲ֪ԼѧνCPġ
ҸްãҲͷˡ
ȥæɣҪעϢ
ãҸټȥ·Сģʱҿľ۸¥Ի
ĺҵ˸ԺſڣĺԶȥıӰŻص˽С
ſڴԱ͵͵ѧԼλϣ۵ȼŵİ֮ȴϨ
ĺҺĽľ䡣
ǧĽǾ䡣
үĽһҲ
ĺĽ
أ
ӲУѾɻˣ˵Ҳ˺Ľ㣬ӳ֡
ܿ԰ɣΪĽȻصǡ
Ҷӻɣѡ֮һ
ѧеѧԼе뷨һϵıֶķЩ⡣
ǵǳô
ߣļѧϿΣһߣĺ뿪Ժʱ򣬱㱻һסȥ·
Уĺǳһɫӻ̧Ŀǰϡ
뿤߶ϡˡ
ǰ߲Ǳˣǧ긮Ĺܼϡ
ܺе֪ǧ긮ĹܼҼû뵽ϾȻһĻص˶ǡ
ĺͳˣһϷһѰܼҵĺͳ졣
һѰĹܼңǧ긮Ĺܼҡ
δἰǧ긮֣⵹ĺЩ棬ĿʲôʱϷδڶ֮УҲ˹ͳͷ֮顣

273 ʮ

ϻ˵һ仰Ų豭űе衣
ĺû˵ȴϻδ˵Ļ
еĲ豭Ŀһοĺң˵Ÿղû˵Ļ
ϷȻ֪ĺͳǧ֮便ʲôȴλֿ֮ж
ϵɫ˵൱ĺҵȻԵһһ䣬ҲеĿΪΡ
ھĪҪߵ̫ô
ĺ֮˵Ļ֮ʱһ˫ɫӰţȻЩʲô
Ϸ֪ǧڷҵӶĺͳչţ֮ǧ˺ĺͳ֮ҲȻϷͰһĺͳɺá
ң
ĺĿϣ˼֮£ҲϵĿˡ
ʦҺô
д⣬ĺͳҲԸ⿴ǧǧ긮ܾ˼尾԰ɡ
ĺҵĵĿѾˡ
ȻĲԼ뿪ǧ긮ĺ÷ľͷ
Ϸ֪ĺͳǧˣϷҪͳΣ
ѯĺҵ˵ѯʣ˵г
ʱȻڶǣԶ鶼ָơ
ĺʧˣԷĵԾɲ䣬ȫȫĺҵȷ뿪ǧ긮
ϷҲ֪ĺͳʧ䣬ֻҪͳҵİϷȻǧ֮ĵεȫ֪
һ޴ջĺҲܾҴĺЦҲԼĴ𰸡
졣
ĸֻ϶豭ĺңĺǻؾţЦ֮޷ȴĺܡ
һĿγ̺ܿͽˣصǧ긮
ʱİһֱæŹûʱϺŵҪЩʱ˳͡
ٺ٣
һ˿ЦݸֶĲֱ鷿鷿֮ʱȴסˡ
ǧǧæĪҪš
סȥ·¿㿪ȥʱ鷿дһŮӵгȻĽ֮⣬ǵ÷üͷ
ϿСǧæĸҲʲô˼

ɫϵֹ󲽳鷿֮С
ϿŷɫǵЦ
Ȼᵥĺ֣˫²Ч÷뿪ǧ긮ķӡ
һƿ鷿ţһ۱㿴һǳɫɴŮ欵վŪŸָŻµƣ޲ýе·
İݲδŮӵľٶеֱܺŻ̧ͷĿ׼ȷڷĵϡ
˻ˡ
ǰܲôĻĳ˾Ҫء
һ߽鷿ɴ¶Ůӿ˷ģһ˫ŵ֮⣬˫ַŷĸ
㡣
㣿
üһĴǰԼŮӡ
òǱ۾۾ֻǿϧˣ
ѡ̷ͽġ
Ůӵҹݺ㶯ÿһֺĸӺţ˵ĻҲȻᱻǰԸﹴ
ˡ
ϣŶɴŮӡ
ؽĻʮߡ
ʮߣһ꣬һĽе
ʱϵҪ˼ܲ
ϱ̳ء
ǧ˵ĻȻ˰ҪˣҲȻϾչǧ꣬ūΪǧѰһ̣չǧͷˡ
ء
ĲûԤбֵŭ⣬ʼչЦŮӡ
ﻹʲôô
ؽĻ¿޼ˡ
ɴŮӿڻشŷĵĻеɫƺʾҫ֮⣬е㲻ʲôõģԲô
ŶȻĻǻǿˡ
лģչǧͷҡ
ɴŮӵĻ÷ҡҡͷֻĴӻóһƱɴĳȹ֮С
ˣڿʬˡ
£ԭŶȵķѾɴŮǰɴŮӻعѾסĲӡ
ֻһ죬ǰһ뻹۽ĵɴŮӴʱѾڵϳΪһ߻µʬ塣
ġʲô㾹ȻĿŵɱˡϲ鷿֮Уɽ鷿ʱ򿴵ֻŮӵʬ壬Լɱ⽥˵ķġ

274 ˴Ϊ

ѾΪʬŮӣϷŭĳŷĵ
ȻֳĵȻȴȫƽɣƺղֻһֻô򵥡
ϣ˵㣬ôӶûУôڵģ
Цţ˶ȣмаϡ
Ӧ๫ݣ֪๫ݣݺԬǻ׷Źǧ긮ô
Ц⣬Ũţеɫ˿ӱ˵Լϵıӵȸ顣
Ȼû˵껰
һӦˣͼĵֶαʲô飬ҷ̫ˡ
ǲװ
ôڵء
Ժʲôݺݺ࣬Ͷɱ٣ϾϲĻҴԽЩŮ˳͵̲һ壬ԷֹĲٷι
㡭
Уݡ
֮ˣ⣬кУǸʱϷҪǺá
˦ȥĿǵʧеӰǵЦ⽥ƽ
๫ǿϣȻ鲻ã˵׼϶ιǡ
˷ģΪȻ˷롣
֪ʱİݴ󻷱סģıڻУСϱŷĴ⣬һ˫ǵĵЦ⡣
İݴһӣʾʬ崦ķ
ĪҪΪ㿴һ
û顣
Һղ򶨵ȫװĶѡ
ģ
ϱ̳ؾȻС浱ǳسô
˺ˣ˲ҪˣΪ÷֮£һȤġ
˵ţİŭδɢķ뻳ϣſ̯ܺ
˿ʲô
ǰ̯һֽһֽдݡ
һҪһ˫˲
ļٵģ
ǧȷ
ֱ壬ܺϸš
ܺдһݣܽһ仰عʹĮսˡ
ˣƺͬһʱ֮ڣƺҲĦιͳ¹ҲΪ֮İѡ
߹Ҫô
ܺмдݣ߹֮гǰ֮⣬վһǰ˺ƴս
ôоǱ˰ź˵ľ籾һ
֪ΪΣܺдһ飬ܾ֮ĦǱ˷޵ľ籾Ҷǰ籾ϵĽš
Ϊôã
İŷΪʲôָоָһָָܺԵĳܺ˳¹͹ܺ
ܺϷֱĸ֮Ҫ飬һпûκιϵʵǧ˿ƵĹ㿴ñιĹ˳¹¹ιǰ֮Ϊİ͵˱㣬յ˵ֻҪ¹һ˵ιȻͱˣιǳ
׼˳¹һ
˵ţóܺ
үѾ˽ͣҲҳɱү֣ƺ𣬷ԿսΪڣбȻʲô顣
ιǳǳ¹֮Ħãڵٽʱ򱬷
ԣһпûκεĹϵƫƫعĮսڹϣĸҲ˽֣߹սҵս
Ȼ˵δʲôٶɷȴˣ˵Ұģһһš
๫Ϊ̫ɺôһоǱ˰ź˵һҰ籾һǱš
Ϊ̣߹Ϊӣƽʢ֮£սƺɱȻ
İĿ⣬һܺϵݣƲеĿԣתһ룬Щʲôϵ
ҾģֻҪԼһĶֵذþԡ
жȻۡ
İݿŷĵıͷ˫ķҷȴһǰۡ
ŮôˣŮͲܵʵô
ֻҪŮǿԳưԣֻûҰİˡ
ˣղŵһûأô˼Сĺ޺ܾǰɣҪҪ˸һء
ŨҵĴ˲鷿УĴİݵĻվһ̤һַϥϣһıдܲˬ֡
˴ΪˣΪһ۶ûп³˷֮⣬ŮӾԲΪۡһ۶û˼뿴۰˵˵

275 

׻˵úãŮһȫȫΣǸǻﶼᱻ
İݺεЦţһԵķԹš
ˣΪˡ
๫ûҵĴҾͲӦý๫࿴ۣҴڲӦɱ
ˣΪĴˣΪ֤ûпŮһۡ
ϣ๫ô֪ǸǸŮأ๫ǿ鰡뿴ֱ˵Ҵȥ¥
ˡΪģΪûκβ׵顣
ǧɱô˵Ǹ߸ϵľǧ꣬ҾǸҵûƽѣ˵ˣǵأҪʲôʲôʸ˵ǡ
İϴһǧ仰ţվͬǧ꣬ˣôȡֵʱǵһμ
վǿǧ곤ģǧ긮ĹܼңҲ֪ϵӣ²ĿľݣɶԷǷģҲ֪ǸʲôеŮˣպǧ긮Ҫƽˡ
գ۸¥
Ժݼ٣ıŮѧõѧ۸¥æԻУʵѴ򹤡
ʦ˵ôعʹĮˡ
˵Լүү
СƨʲôʱҲҴˡ
ЦŴȤ˵Сƨֵһ
ʦͽܾͱһѣܱܲõӵš
˵ʵֻʦСôһѣԴӰʦ֮ʦһֳĸȫëǲˬ
㶮ƨһΪʦΪûĿڽҵͲˣ˲ȥ
ʦ
ݺݵ̾һԼڷԶСӵ
ˣ
֮һҪʦһһ
Ľ㣬ż
ˣ
һʱ䣬ĺԼŮѧõѧھ۸¥ææȥȻæµÿһ˵϶Ц⡣
ڣһʱȥˣ͸Ө˺ͷĸ֮Ҳ׷׻صԼ档
Դ߹۸¥¿ҵҪ۸¥㰴ʱĹţʱ㲻Ӫҵ
ɫŶǣеķĲỤ̄ʱͣǵѪζԼѪҺķ϶ʽ
ϳĳǾ۸¥ĻƣӣͷѾ֪ȥֻʣһıϣűӣŸϳơ
ݡ
ʮӰȻ˳Χġ
ųǰʮˣĻ̾һ
۲ۣ
˵ģԴӳΪС̫֮飬ǰое˼Ѿƣ˺ô
鷳´γʱе⣬ƹҪһĸоÿһγֶƽֱ˿ġ
ĵĿʮ˵ϣЩǷɱ֡
еĳڶдɱҵȺСɵȱˡ
ɱ
˿һɱ£ͷĶϻᵽǰ˹
ʮߵӰһӰ¼Ϊһ壬İŷж˷Ȥζ֮⡣
һ˱һ׳书Ҫõö࣬Ѫ˻Ǳˡ
ﺮʱӦ˯ҲֻԶˡ
ں˳׼ػ֮ʱȴȻ͵һӣǾҵʹдӵȫ۵ķĺһЩС
ģ
ôƫƫʱ
޷ݵʹĥŷģۿź˳еĳ£ɴʱ˿̵ķ۵ľҲûУ˵Եġ
Ԫ롭
Ŵӻе룬ץס㳯ԼѨλȥ
һһйʹһαԪ붼ɼ˺οǵڶʹñԪ룬ɵ³ֹܹʹƺҲûбİ취ˡ
ĵһᣬʱ˿̵ķĲûѡˡ
뼴Ѩλ֮ʱһѻɫӰ֣г̴еĺࡣ
ġ
ɫ£ɫ˫͸Źᣬĺҿʹ̵ķģе֮Ũ
ҡҡ
ҸвĶͷȫ亹
ۿź˳ĺһӰں֮У֮ʣһӦء
֪˶ãԷ˵գ֮ǹȥ˰ꡣģУǵɭ¹֮µɱӰʹµķľȻһİĸо

276 ΪʲôҪɱ

δģĺҡ
ɱ
ʹĥŷ޷˼һļʹ޲
ġ
ĺһصУʹһŵķģеĽ뵣Ǹԡ
ءǧ긮
ãҸʹǧ긮
þ˵һ仰ĺҽʬһߣǧ긮ȥ
ϳĺҵķǻʹȥǴڷ֮ʱĳһ·ϲϵἰ֮Сʱ顣
ĻǵòǵһγӵʱһҧСӣƤζɬĿˣһ߿һԹҸƭ㡣
ǵá
еķǣһ˿Ц⣬ǵĲ԰ۡ
ĺ˵ĻȻûԺȴļ䡣
ʱС㻹С˵Ӻ𣬿ɴδһڡ
ҸˣһССǰ˭֪Сһڱ㽫ҧȥ
żеĻ棬ĸͬһ㣬Ҳÿɬ쳣
ĻǵСôҸ֮ʱĴˣ᲻óÿ춼ҪһۣһȴˣĿһ졣
ĺҵڷĵĶߣŶԶʱĻҲԷĸŨҵĵǡ
ˣǧ긮ǰ
ˣСʱ֮ǳǵǧ긮
ĺұȫѾ亹ʪ˵ķɸջ֮ʱеŮӱ㱻İݶ˹ȥ
ٵķôˡ
һ˫ڷĵϣ۵ģİ͵ľ
·˺˴ɱˡ
ĺҲʵջ֣ɫɫ𱸵Ŀİݣδǰľǧηʲô
һ㿴ıĵʬ壬ΪĵķԼվ֮ʱȴȻ֪
ɫ˫еŭıţĺҲֹһҪĴİݵĻжڲʱ
Ҫ̣ʱһԲ÷ıİҡ
Ϊٵӣͷĺͳģ߲͡
£İݱŶķ׼ȥȴһαĺҽסˡ
ǧӦüǵ˵Ǿ仰ȻЧ
Ǿ仰ȻЧ
ֻҪǧĺ룬Ȼ˫ַɽͼƬ
ȥϡ
İûĺԣʾǰýϽ
վǧ긮ĺҿǵʧеӰ֮£ȥ˫ֽȭͷеɫǼᶨʲôһ㡣
һʱ֮ǧ긮ѩ԰
ô˿ܣܰ
ϽӷϵѨλ˳һı顣
յ˵СѾͷӦʱζ
ô£˸㲻ף
£ʹķǻ˹ȥ
УһλصһƬɫĻ֮С
ɫĻ겻ϵƮţů΢ش棬վھ޴Ļ֮£һѵõ
ɲֹôģоȻһѪζζԽŨţŨҵŻ
ԭ׵ĻҲ˺ɫѪһʺš
ʱɫĻ͵Ȼ޴棬ľԼվڸɽۣ֮ϸ֮£Ǹɽһ߾ʬǶѻʬɽ
ʱһǳŵһŭϵػصڶߣƺҪ޺Х
⼫ʢ֮ʣſǰһѵѪĳ𵶡
ħһǰһУ˲䣬һȫǣѪɱ¾֮쳣Ŀա
ʲôط
ֳֳ𵶵ķĿܣɫɫĵغɫѪš
ǰһоһ˼Ļ档
ŭţԨ޵˻
ġ
һصڶߣ̧ͷѰȥֻһӰƺ̤ŹâҪǵӰݣŬԷ˭
һָоһʮϤĸо
˭
һǰ˭֪ӭȴһѳ
һѳᴩ壬һεѪ˳Žʬɽϡ
һ̣ĸܵĲǾҵʹһ־޴ʧ֮С
ǰĿģˣĻ֣Ҫӡ
ˣָϵһ̣һӰظԺ֮С
Ϊʲô
ĲѪһĵˮ
еʹȽҪǧٱһжΪʲô
һ뿪һͬӸ߸ߵʬɽ׹šѪĿ⿴ԽԶȥӰһĨԳЦ⸡ڴǡ

277 ԪĹϵ

һʱѾֹǶ֮ˡ
˫֮ʱĿǵӣĻ˫ȥİЩ㲵ӡ
˯˶ˡ
ãΪһֱڷ˵ߡ
ķģİݵŵ
һζԵʱҪǰζ֮ʱ˯ʱҪã˵һζĻĸüǳʮ
֮ķļ򵥵ĺһ࣬ԻָһЩ֮ǧѰϣЩҪ
İȻķһǰãͻҲֻǧ긮ͷġ
Уڳϣ԰׵ɫۡ
ϣһλ˶õʱ䡣
϶һ벹ҩʾһָԪҩݺȥ
Ķ룬üͷҲһ±㽫һɬҩ֭һ
˰µʱ䣬ҪƳֽҩһζĻܲ˵˵顣
ϲŷģշÿһζԵʱ˵ʱ䲻֮ĸҲԿɼ
һ԰ʧȥԪŮӣȻ۵ģҪƳֽҩԷֹĽ
ϡ
ĽϣԥƬ֮ջǽ˵˿ڡ
ôˣʲôôǾﲻ
ŷĵɫϻΪʹ
ϡһԵʱһֵΡ
̾һ֮󣬷Ľһи֪ϡ
УɫɫĵأһƬѪɺӵĳԼվڸ߸ߵʬɽֳų𵶣ȴˡİС
ָоʮֲãȻһξɵİгʱָо쳣ἰܸоʹĵš
ζԷ˵һجΣֻ˵һ˵Լ˵һ˵ԼĿնѡ
Ľһ˵֮һĨԳЦݸڴǣһζѣ˵ζ෴ģİôô
ˣβˣһԵʱַʲô飿
Ľ˹ȥȴڷ˵ξ֮С
Ȼ֪ĵδʲôһֺǿҵĸоλΪʵ
УһҪŸϹ
ϣ
ǰ˻֣ϻع
Ѿͷ˵ʲôϷ򷽲û
˵һԵʱַʲô˵顣
µʱ䣬Էܶܶ飬µʱиҲпܡ
عϺͷ˵ʱ䷢飬أĵٵ߹սҡ
񣬴ĮعսԽļˣιԳ¹ĦҲԽƵҲһУ߹սǰ
˵ֻһɣⳡսȫı
ˣʱһֱԣ⹫ǰЩд˷Ÿ㡣
ϲһŽ˷ġϹдϹʲôϹҵ඼ʲô㲻֪ˣʱ䶼æǧ긮չ˷ģҷĻˣҲû˿д
ݡ
̯ţдݡ
ĿǳϹԴƥûˡ
ֽϵݴ˵һ¹߹ҪΪľ棬ҲСˣʲô飬һҪصϹҡ
ѾͷϷһλ֮õԭҲΪԪĹϵ
ԪһҽѧĽ֮
ȻܿǱܣǶ˺
Ѿͷ汾Ǹֶػӣһˣƫƫ⼸ֶ໥ƺš
Ԫĸʩ뵱ʱȻ֪ôѹˣɷĶȷȷʵʵͱԪЧ벻κεĸϵ
һΪҪһ㣬ҪԪĸüֱ죬ķĲܾκε˺ʲôĺҲ޷õ
Ԫô
Ľеֽһԣ˵ŵմɱ֮ʱ֡
ζǰζҲκնգȫȫʱصķ
ԼҲˣĶټϱԪĸãһζĻҪܵĺǿǰ
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ոջָãķһ˿˿ľ񶼻벻Ŀųα˫˯˹ȥΪҴ˱ӣ̾һת뿪˷䡣

278 һȺ

뿪õʱѾǰʱ֡
ոϳ׼뿪ķȴһȺסȥ·
Χ۵·ĿʮֲƵĶŷģһеɫδйķŭһذ׵Ļ޲ذ׽ǧһ㡣
ɱ˷ģɱ˷ģ²Ųҡ
ԣɱ˷ģֻҪĻһ죬ᱻ꾫ġ
ɱ˷ģɱ˷ģ
һߺ߹һеķİŷĿЩĿҪԼж˿ա
˵µʱ䶼ڻУʲô˲õ飿
Ⱥסȥ·Ҫ뿪ǲܵ飬ΧԱߵԽĸǡ
ɱˣȻѣɱɱɱ˾βתķġ
ڣȺе뵽Ķеһ̣ҲȺҪԼɱ֮Ǵġ
ɻ˵ˣԼɱǵûм֪ӣǵ˶֪
ۿһΧҪƷʱŲ˵ڵ˳
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ߵĽҩǷȥģҩϷ棬Ϸǣһж¾˻𱨣ϷھǣΪһˡ
ŭˣҲǷĵһο˷ŭ
İ㿴ҿ㣬˭ҲûǰԼݳͷĻصǧ긮
ջصڶߣݳϿοŷģȺֻǱ˲ٿˣĻֶȻǶڰЦ
ЦЦʾԼδ
˭ɱǵ񴫳ȥ룬Ѿ֪ˡ
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ײԼðɣЩСֶζ˵ûκôǰһϵ̶ߣô
һ˫µĴϣһĨЦڷĵĴǣЦ͸źޱĳ֮⡣
ڱֻ̫LOWˣ֪LOWʲô˼ô֪Լֵȥɡ
ЦŨš
е飬Ľǧ긮С
վԭصϰ˫еɭȶһ㡣
ģϷҪ㻹ЦʱǧĴҵǰ㲻һӶѡ
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ĻǲţڱİǾǧһ̫࣬ļ鳼ʵôİһ̫లŽӪ֮УҪһ̫Эݴ̡
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Į˹عֻҪսڵʱ䡣
ŴʱʮһһвŴս³ꡣ

279 ๫Ҫȥ

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๫ܲܲȥ
ѾˣʥּȨµ棬İҲּܿ
ʵ϶һİݿϸָ
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๫ǰ߾ĻȻǷֲġ
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ﺮ˵ţҲûзһԵʯϣϵļš
лɡ
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ˣô죿
ܸоõĵѰ֮˻Ҫö࣬ɱ·ϳֵĻշڵԲܿһʱһʱѾǶʱ䡣

280 ߲˼

ﺮⵣŷģһǵķ˵Ļû˸۶βһҲ̶̵нĵѣΪһѵĹϵͷĲĿҰҺ޵Ը
Ϲʲô˵ˣ˭ҿǷء
ĽƿڷﺮУҸ֮ƿĵҩηá
ЩҩǹȫŵİȻ޷Ȭ۶Ĳ飬㹻û۶š
ҲǳŻָ˵״̬̱ڴϣ޷ж
Уص֮һҪС£ĪҪǸֳκζߡ
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ϾҪ˵ӱϵٷϳҪС²źãȻҪ鷳
ĺͷﺮ⽻һЩ飬һһҲȷƻ˳ʵʩȥ
֮Ⱥѧô죿
ﺮܿĶԴŮѧõŮѧǣǺ뿪ǰϹʱ䣬Өض˸ΰá
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İӵ߷뻳ɫµĵӳõ壬һĹУһηѹ¡
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һνؽŶˣơ֮䣬˵˶Ա˴˵С
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ǣǧꡣõİݵϻ׼֮ж뿪֮ǰȴİֹס˽Ų

281 ǧŮӲһ

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Բ÷ĻȥԲᣡ
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һġ
һλصǵʱҪİڳиһСԺӡ޶ÿճϢ᳾䷱ӵ顣

282 

ǣƺһƽ
뿪˶ǡ
ǧүԭ۷׷׵İƺҲûʲôһ㡣
й˼ңϹҡ
˼ҺϹһڶǵ棬һڶǵı档
ڵֵ·ݣȻļɱϹŴѩ
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뿪Ѿֶʮ죬ǰ˶Ϲ֣ǵĿĵء
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бȡůƥ㿴ҿ㣬һ˫˫ڴͷϡ
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һͬǰϹҵĻƥǣɲĽǧ긮ĵƥһԱ㽫ƥһͬϹǡ
ټϹǺ͹˳еһƴѩ׷֮䣬ͣϹǳǰ
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һϹǺǲ⣬ʲôʱüЦտһ̫ôʲôֵø˵ġ
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Ϲҵ˲ԣ峤ڶǵʱ䶼ʲô顣
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һ˫ȭڵֵס֮ʱΧİѩǿ÷𡣡ĵĿϣһϮɫü֮£˫͸Ųƣϰԭԭ̬԰׵ļɫ˼ָүĽ˵

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㡣
겻ǱˣǷĵĵܷܵǧԡ
һ꣬Ϲʱ򣬷ǧԱ㱻Ԩ͵˱𴦣ܶԴ֮ա
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һμǧԣǰ겻ǸޱӵСкǳɳΪһʮӺˡ
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㡣

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ĺӣǷĻǷǧԣĽ
ϹУϹΪ׼ʢĽӷ硣ʢ󣬼ֱ÷ǳݡ

283 һ㲻

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УѾͷһҲˣϷǿסϰ߲ϰߣҪʲôϰߵĵطֱ˵Լͺá
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ϹһԵķйԼŭԴϬҲָŷβɾûʸϹҡ

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峤ĵĻǷˡϹЩ÷ĵĴڲ켺

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287 ϶ֶͯ

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һֺɫŮֻһ䣬ʱܼǳԼǴΪʲôƫƫǼǳԲǴ͵ء
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288 Ҫʲôȥ

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289 ɵô

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ãһ㣬һҪҡ
ĵ̬ϹŵһҲ
˵˵һ飬ֻҪ㲻ȥ߾һټϷ򶼴Ӧ㡣
ŷ˵ĻϹʾԼ԰쵽
Ϲ뿪԰֮ʱΪ˷ֹĸı⣬Ϲ⽫
ϹʵͷʵԿײܽͷ򿪣ıҲһһ
뿪԰ϹϹϹŽеǰ
¡
Ϲһ˫ŭк鲼ŹǰĶˣϵŭɶƵıš
ϹɵˣүүΪʲôô֪Ƕ˵ľٶ
˵˭ǵġ
ϹĿĿϹϹţӶϹãϹδĶ֮ţϧˣ
峤Ļһжָʹģûκιϵ
ϹŽеĹԼϣ˻ͷ
С£ûоְǺ˹ƻ󡣡
ú˹ƻ󣿡
žһϹеݺݵسϹŵϣֻһӣ㿴ϹϳһѪɫӣ̼䣬Ѫ͸
峤һֱ㵱Ϲһμ̳ȴʧ֮¡
Ϲһ仰Ϲ͵̧ͷеɫŲ𾪡
峤
֪˵жô޴߾һ֣һ֣ĿľΪǰ߾ñ峤ʧ
ϹеϹŵϣһԵϹֻ֪ޣ֮Ϲ߬ȭͷҧԼµĹ
Ҵˡ
ֱһ̣ϹŲŷԼǺ˵ļƲߡԭԭһֲ˵Ϸ顣
Ǻҵҳŵһ÷뿪Ϲ塣
Լ˽ģ÷ϹңҪĻǷĵݣϹ鷳뿴ϹΪһı֧顣
Ϲû뵽һжǺ˵ļƻǶ˵÷뿪Ϲҡ
һһƤص֮УϹŵļѾѪģһƬԾҧӲͦŹ֮ϡ
峤ˣˡ
˼ҵһ·鲻ܵĹ˵ϡ
Щǿ԰İϹЩΣһҪοŷģĪ÷뿪԰һ񡭡
Ѿͷءôģ
峤˵Ļǧ˴ƥˣְְ
ְƨȥĸϷ׷׷Ҳûˡ
ɱģ
ôŷѾͷԹԵھ԰
Ϲһ£ϹҼеѰŷġ
ʱ˿̵ķʹƥ뿪Ϲǡ
һҹɫڻʧããѩŴӳŶ߾ķš
粻ϵش棬ץסӵĲӣܵǵůԼ˫֡
ϹΪһͷסԼ
ɵ
űǽô˵ˣǽаأ߿ɸֻأ浱ֻǶǹʿ氡
أ
أ
أԴΪףֻǷٵıѩ֮Уνǧһʱ뿪Ϲ֮ǰĸǧдһţ߷ǧԶҪúϰȵӶ߾֮գŷǧ뿪
ҡ
ʱϹҡ
ϹĵȴϢһ˴δ峤㲻顣
ճĬ˺£ʱǧ˽˽ŲϹΪš
⹫
ǧǰеŽϹǷд治߷ǧҪչ˺ԼҲͬϹϹģһСĽԼΣ֮С
Ϲдݣ֮ص³һ
ѾͷôͲһء
мֲϣ͸ųص֮⣬һĹСѾͷҪǳʲôĻ⹫Ҳûȥĸס

290 

ϹԾѰҷģһһɳȥ֮Ȼûйڷĵκټ
ĵĿĵǶ߾ֻҪȥѰңһҵĵġ
һߣ뿪ϹѾʱˡ
֮УװӣƥǶǰ߾
ȻĻƥ̫ˡ
յǱţӱǰ߾·һֱнš
һ·ϣ˹ڶ߾ͻ֣÷ĵİݵİΣ
ɵãקּӿٶȣɼˣӱǰ߾Ҫʮ·̡
İݣһҪסһ顣
ֵӡԶÿһһţĸӵĵİһ֡
ҹϳ̲߲ݵ£ںķ˰µʱ֮󣬷˶ĳзɳ
ֻҪ˷ɳǰ߾ı߹ˡ
ɳͬһɳǧǿȵ²ҹֲȷǱұ֮أѹ
ʱķɳѾۼԱʿļڷɳУ洦ɼʿ뻮һŶС
ʱĵĿ֮ǰϣǸֳһĨЦ⡣
Ҹ磡
Уĳĺһ֣ھ̫ԶĺҲδġ
һתһƲ߸ֶ
ĻԼö֮ĳĺǰҸһʿϹңϹҵ˵ĻϹͷһǰɳץ
ԣȻαװһ·βװȥװʿģ
ѰİݣҲж
߸һû˵ĵطϾŵң֪ô
ľƥǾԲԳ˵УһᱻĴڡ
ƥ㿴ҿͨԵĵ˵ͷһʧҹɫΡ
һߣִһʿʿ·ԼϣĺڵľӪ֮С
ӪĺϤڶʮһ͵ʱʦȰΪϸĹӶ֮УʵԼȥεķԼҡ
װʿģķĸʿĶ֮˶߾ľӪڣȺʿʱ飬˭Ҳʶ˭Ҳ±¶Լݡ
ģû뵽ĮôȻع˺ƭ
˭˵أ˵ˣ˭Ҳ뵽ĮȻعˣһֱΪǵжԣԭǼٵġ
˵ү;ǧ걻ڻĮЩʱˣҲ֪ү;ǧǻ
ÿԺСӦ֪ĮжôĲпᡣ
ӪУʿǷ׷Źζ߾ͻ֣ıһѽһţİݱڸڻĮһµʱ仹δѰҵӰиǲ
Ҳ˵ϣİһû¶һģ
ιСֵܣҽ󴨣ˣŰװ׾ôξˡ
ҡҽзϼսһȥˣҲֻòξˡ
εЦţıԼξɡ
Ҳ̾һƺͬĵ
Ҳǣ߹սұ߾¶˴ֲҲǻ첻ȥξġ
Ǹ̸ˬˣĻ˵ǿ˳ۣ˷ĵܵܣԺɶ¶ŷġ
ҹľӪΪ뿪Ӫվڷĳǽ֮ϼĿԶɫҫ֮£۵Ļɳ޾߼ʡ
ҹУһӰһӳǽȥǵӰ³ǽ֮ʱߵӰҲڷʧҹɫ֮С
ĺƥûҹѰİݵټһ·ȱȫʬ岻ϵǰѰš
ҹɫĻĮ˷ɫҫ֮£صʬ쳣ɭ
ŨҵѪζѾ͸˵棬żɹѻһиΪҹһĨء
һʱ䣬δͣЪһϵǰѰİݵӰɷ˳ǧʬ壬һİݣ÷Ľŵһи֮һļѰš
̫𣬵һ˿âڴϵʱ򣬷ѾһҹԾûİݵκϢ
أ
ʱ߹һصǺ֮ƺʲôļ߹ȥ
ֻ߹ƺһʬʲôĽʮʬƿһ֮˲İݣѾȥݡ
ݣݡ
ĺһһ£ݣ̽ѰıϢ
Ȼûʲô𣬵ڻһڡĴӱóƿݿУˮǿеĽ˽ȥ

291 Ťת

ݣԷ˵һϢ
˵İҲڸһڸ
ϣĹâԽŨȼţʾƥѰİݵټɴ糿Ϧ֮Ҳûзİݵһ˿һϢ
һݼ尾һһŷеϣ
İһû¶ģ
ڽ֮ʱİܵ˺ػǻ˹
ԣһûµġ
أ
أ
ӺͶĲ˵ϢԶƽһ⣬ĿŲǧˡ
ģ
аţĽȭͷ
ߣر߾
һ£ŻԲѵݸڷԭ·ء
һ·϶ûзİݵټսҲûзİݵʬ壬֮İһš
ԽʧеĻ⣬ƥʧҹɫ֮С
ڷʧ󲻾ãعСӵһʬԱߡ
Īˡ
Ҫɱ֮ҲҪݵҵҪҪʬ
ǣ
һߣʹԶȥҹ֮ʱʾӽݷǰǱص˾ӪС
ĸջصӪУ㱻һ˹ȥ
춼ʲôȥˣǲܲ˾ӪĿҪӱˡ
һĵĿŷģǰһ꣬Ȼܲ˿ҪӪ
Ż㣬ӱҪɱͷģӰ׼һˣô
л磬ȥ˸ˡ
Цţû뵽󴨻ǡ
˭Ŷõİ
һҶı飬ʾҲǹˡ
ҪӦսˣЩϢ
á
ͷ¿׺µ˴ϣɵŵİݵôҲ޷˯
ӪУʿǽ̫ӪڣʧȥԼ¶ĺΪס
ĺү˻ԣ˵үȷҩڲΣա
֪Ǻ˾ү
Ŵɫ԰׵ݣĺüͷԺиֳ˷ĵӰӡ
Ϲңô߾ˣϹ书ҲȻ׼߾ġ
ȥɣȥ׼Ӧսˡ
ǣ
ˣ䲻ʿһشĴʹʿ䡣
عʹĮϴʮˣֻ˵ľӣлʱ飬ûκս顣
ٵж࣬ԲоĲӣүԴһҲʤĿԡ
ϲòһսذܣҲԲð벽
̾һĺһı˫ۣȴմս
ɫ
һƬƵĴ֮ʱ۵ıӦһƬõ׳ɫֻعʹĮʮ˾
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ĺΪҪ֮ǰİ䲻ĿҸҲսɳ
һķ紵𳤷֣Ŵָ϶ķ磬һĨЦȻڴǡ
˭˵ⳡսذɡ
عľʦǺóŶݼôҪ᲻紫еǰ棬콵ꡣ
ĺöǣΪǵļ԰ε
԰飡
һӰ˸ɱоȷ٣ĺȥʱȴǽϵĹعȷٳЦʿųδսѾŵˡ
սһ
ĺеĳӶţµоһ˵׼ĺҲȥѪѪ
ⳡսˣҲ˼԰ĺöɣľİô
ɱ
ɱ
عĮ˾ʮ򣬶ʿֻа԰ʮĴѻʯʤ㡣
ʵһսʿǶǱűľģˣҲҪŵоһµܹȺ̤Ʊ߾ļ԰á
ܻȡͣԸ
սѪ֮ʱһĻĳǽϷ
ԷΪ׵İСֳž޴Ĺÿһ֮Ϲһ̯װ˺͵Ĺӣȼһ
޴Ĺڵϵʱ򣬺һըѿȼĺѸ͵ٶţ֮䣬عʹĮ˾ĺѾһƬ𺣡
䣬
һ£ֻȼһֻǳĻӿţϵعʹĮ˾ƣ˲ת

292 ĸ֪

ʱչʾļˡ
ԷΪ׵鲻ϵķȻ޴ޣõطĺ󷽱ֻҪĺϴǰһƱذܵսۿԷ̡
Ǽжٷ١
ĴгһѳһԾͶ뵽ս֮ϡ
󴨵˿ŷľٶһˣҲ˲þ㵡
ģعʹĮһʿ
ã
һɵӰ֮Уĺߣгݺݵûо֮УһĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϡ
Ҹ磬
Цһȴ佱ı飬ķһǽһ˵
ĵһ̣ĺѪ۵εЦ
Ϲûа˩ס
ǣ¼ûסҡ
Сģ
ĺгıĵоϣڷࡣ
Ȼȥںˡ
ҪַҲϾģһҲֻеȻŻصӪ֮ʱٺͷ˵һ˵Ϊγڶ߾¶
ӰһֱҹĻѪ㼯һĵط
գ԰˵֮£սʤعĮ˾ʮˣʤ࣬ʤš
ⷽʿʿǣĺҺͷĶףһʤʱԵʤѡ
ȴǵĽعĮ˾ΪҵĹ
ӪУĺһŷģɫ˫˵Ծǲᣬ۵Ҳŭ⡣
ģӦ֪߾жôΣգΪλҪһС
İݡ
ǣĺҵ½ǣ۾գţǿģĺҵģҲ˲ʧĵȻ޴档
ǧ齻һұϹҡ
Ҹ硭Ҫô˼һԹԵĴھӪ֮УԾԲܣҷģ
ָͷŲ췢ģԺްô
ĺҲΪһŽ
Ҹ磬˼ҶүȻˣʹӦھӪҺ㱣֤ҾԾԾԲǳ鷳˵˽ҲҸӮʤ̣Բѽ
֮鶯֮һֻСèһĺҡ
Ҹ磬˼ĲģͻϹңҲŷܳǲǡ
ż⣬˫ĺҵա
Ҹ磬Ҹ磡
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ĺһٶظŻ÷ھӪ֮УĪҪһж
İҸ磬ı֤ܡ
Цţ֤Լʵʵַ֡
ô
ȫûܣ
ݵӪУһֽһݵ档
ģүΣ
ڣˡ
˵ţĴӱȡ룬ݵѨλ֮ϡ
һ಻дϢݣȻûʲôøУɲòݵǿһĳ̶ȡ
ϴСĵ˾Ͳ˵ˣ˿ڵó̶ɳĮаʮ졣
һǼղˮˮ߻
ȴӲİ˹еļֻ֪
ÿһθˮҪһЩһιˮÿʱιһҩڱ֤
һս˵԰ıӮսۣعĮʧԪ
ȻʧøΪأսıѾĲ㡣
عĮ˾Ϣϣ˫֮һսغһҵ
֮Уÿҹ͵͵ȥѰİݣԾû˿ѶΪ˱ʲô⣬ĺǻڷȷİȫ
ǵҹнڵӰĺҲһһεţԼ˵ĻĻ᲻ء
һ޹ҹĲ֪ʧٴΣҲ֪ȼ˶ٴεϣ
Ҹ磬㶼Ҽˣѽ
ۣҲʱˣȥɡ
ĺ֣ץסĵֽ
ǵůȴǹ¶ϢĺҪ˵Ļ˻ȥקֻص˾ӪС
գǽ֮һعĳţعʦдֽдĵı˳ޣڴһν档
ϺǣʦģȻӪ֮С
ĵЩ⣬ھӪߣĺһ֮Ҳûеڶ֪Լݡ
عľʦȴĴڡ
˼
ȻҲŸعľʦˡ
ĸ֪֪֮ĸ
ִ֣Ǽʮ㣬ÿһֶӡ֤Ҫ˼ɰ׻ĵ˼ǣعʦôţ֪ôҪǲ֪һţƽҪֹˣҪ㣡

293 ȥİ

Ŷݼ׷ĲᣬΪԷˮѧⷽ沢ȤԵûʦѧϰһܡ
۱ıԣлǧľڡ
ĽŽعʾһҪţʲôֽţٺ٣˭֪أ
Ծûҹɫ٣߾
ĺĺڳǽ֮ϣңԶ
Ļǵôǰرϲҹÿڵʱ򶼻棬ڵòһˣţܹһЩصǣı㲻ôЩˡ
ĺεģÿÿĵʱţڷĳ֮Ĵߣ֮һбҲڷ˰ɡ
ǵðǺڣСʱҲ´ء
ͷһ£Բһϣ·ֻҪһ־ܽС
ÿ꽻ӵҹҶףҸŵܵܡ
УһССӰڴᡣ
һ뵽̫ʲôˡ
˵һСȻȷʵǿŮӣĻֻΪ˻žͻϣ
գпʵС˾·
ͷűƣĿŽնƸеĺңսҪعĮ˾һսĹϵɣյĻرĶࡣ
Ҹʲôʱָġ
һʱˣ֮߱Ȼе顣
ĺҾƺеľƺײţҾơ
ŨҵľƮɢڿУĺĺһһĻĻֻۣܰڷСĺҵĻ档
ɫµŮӣĺɫӳŨҵİ⣬һ紵ǻûС
Ҹ˵ʲô
ûʲôҪоһսˣҪӦҸ뿪߾
ĺҵĻĲδӦֻЦţЦ˲
һս׶༪٣߾ܲսı򣬼ԮϹԶˮȲ˽
һϣҲҪػŶ߾ʬعĮ˾̤붫߾һ
ҹɫŨ
ĻصӪ֮УɴʱһѺɫĳȴİڷŴϡ
һӰɫţһźӰ˳⡣
ǺӰƺԶ˷Ļһ㣬ˣǰһξ֮ͣŷġ
ġ
ȫɫţ˿
ʲôˡ
ʲôˣֻҪһ㿴һҪˣ
ЦӺñ֮д˳ɭɭЦҹɫʮˡ
üͷˬҡԴ
ûУˡ
ɵ
ԾһȥҪȥ˺ɵʲôȥ
£Ĳͺ˾תҪߡ
ǺȻû뵽ĸǸ·Ƶˣڷת֮ʣ׳һذը
ѵ㲻֪İô
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֪
߾ЩˣȴҲİݵκټһ˹ȥİݵϢʹȺ޷ҵϢ
ҵȻ֪Ǿ仰ֻҪе
һЦţһӣҹΪһνʧڷĵС
İ˫ۣ˼Ƭ̣ո˺˵ĽŲعĮ˾ľӪȥ
عĮ˾Ӫ
ƵľӪ뻮һţں˵İ»عʿ·վһټ⡣
һϣտһٽ߾
׵ϥڵϣбȫϣձؽһ¶߾
ҴĮҲϣճȻЭ
ϤصڷĵĶУҹɫеķĿ˵ӣǱɫ˫嫻˭
ȻѾ֪Įعˣɵ嫵ʱ򣬷ĻǾÿЦĺܡ
ڳЦԼȻƭˣΪľǧǰ˳ȥҩ
ԭˣ
ֲľ֮ǰ˵ôĪĻԭԼݲ˵Ϣ
ֱһ̣Ĳ˳ľеĹµ;ʲô˼
ʱԼεֳã䱯
ľĳϵ˰Ҳһֲ߻ġ
ʱһϤڷĵĶߣĶǵеӣһ˫д˲֮⡣

294 Ҫһ

ˡڶ߾֮ڣְ˽ߡ
˵ĲǱˣǧ긮
׵ڷĵڣϥڵűϵˡ
ʲôֲǲ֪һӶѣ㵱ĻںǸŮô
Ŀ֮⣬ԴϬľĪҪ¡
ģ
ٸ˵һ仰ݹϷ򲻿ˡ
ʢŭߵ࣬ɸֵĿ
עɾʹҵ̤ʯֻɱɱ֮ˣŻΪ˳֮һʼĵĽֱѾעĪҪǸ˵
ϥڵϵ˫ȭҪΪĿʲôʱҲֻȥ
һԵ嫰űɫӣĿ΢΢̧𣬿ű֮ϵˡ
ӡ֮УİݴһϮʾˣһɫɱſаԷ֮ˡ
ֻǿ˷ģ
ĳ̾һֻŪˣ֮öվһ֡
ս֮ϣĶȻᵣĺңʱᷢʲô㲻ҵˡ
쳣أϵ˻˿ڣǵͳϤȴûյᣬȡ֮ɱ⡣
豾ҵ֮ˣɱ⡣
һһĻصڷĶߣУûпİݵǾ仰ϵػš
谭ҵ֮ˣɱ⡣
ɱ⡣
ɱ⡣
ɱ⡭
üͷǰһĻô¡
İôعĮ˾Ӫ֮С
ΪʲôǸλ֮ϡ
Ϊʲôôİ
˰ɣҪҵʵһֱ㣬ǧ긮֮ʱ֪񣬷ģÿ
˵Ļħһ־һĸŷĵࡣ
ܡ
ţİݲˡ
ǰһжǻþǼ
İݾԲᱳԼ
İݱ˹ƶ˲ٿˣ
ԣһǱ˲ٿˡ
ǰһҪعĮ˾ĴӪʸףɸո̤ȥһֱԭء
˵ڶߵ𣬽⿪һĻĻпʵࡣ
ɽϢİ˷ųȥġ
ɽͼĲƬ˴жߵġ
Ķİ£Ȼĺ˫ôһȻôǧ긮
кöö㲻֪鶼ΪΪԼģⲻ֪İȷʵһĲֵ
İݱǾֻеӣеߣһǻᶪΪ̤ʯߡ
ĴڱϵҵĿˣֻɱ㣬ɱ˻߹֮ѪΪİݻ㸶ôİģ̫ˡ
ʼնһˣÿһǱƺõģΪɵͷ˭ҲˣԼҲˡ
ΪϹǷԨνǧϵɽͼǷıʵþȥˣıһС
İģ뵽Լµõ֮ʱȴôɱȤζô
Һÿ㣬ÿɱ
˵뵽Ķߣ˷ĵУ뵽ѪҺ
֮УȴЦˡ
֪˶ãɲǼ䣬ֻһꡣ
ԭĽ˻һϢӰδӪѯһԼҪ֪Ľ֣ת뿪عĮ˾ĴӪ
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298 ޸Һô

īŷģͲˣúõĴ޼ɽôƫƫҪ͵ķ֮С
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299 ͣĹ

Ĳʹô֪Լ޼ɽУÿĶ֮ʱ˴ȹ嫺޼ɽ
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300 麣

ˡ
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麣޼ɽ֮ӲԤ˵޼ɽݸΪһЩǷŴ޼ɽƣݸǸ߹
ΪΣ𰸺ܼ򵥡
֪֮У޼ɽӽĴڣռ׼Ű󷨵ȵȣ֮޼ɽĴģִ֮ص˶޼ɽҲоη֮ġ
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תͷһ˫ɫƹһɼƹһѣָֻЦ⡣
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ܼ򵥣ǶеūҶˡ
Ļ֮ʣƹԻûзӦ֮⻰ʲô˼
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׸ƹһ֣һǶȫ
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λͣСĲЩū㣬ֻȺūҰ˵
𣡡ſһԵ׻ߵߣһ˫ƹģƺʮֲƹĵ̬ȡ

301 ټ

׵в֮£գƹǴŷ˽ǶѺūη
η֮УūĿⶼڷĵϣһ°׷һȻ޵Ůӡ
ūǴŷĵʱ򣬷ĳĿҲͬɨˣһһĻصηС
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ģʹ˱
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302 ǹ

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303 ˺

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һĻǴδġû뵽˼˾Ȼҽ

304 Ǵų޹

ΪʸķĲδ˿ԼΡ
ӤȻȫɲȴǲôֹۡ
У㹻ֹѪҩ
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аշĵķԸ㹻ֹѪҩΪ˷ֹѪٽ˿ڷ֮󣬲һö˲ĿС
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305 һĽ

ˣһĽ顣
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306 

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307 ټ

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ңǺĿᵽǸˣǸֿǴӷ͸ģÿһֶżΪŨҵĺ⡣ô죬ԽԽڴóˡ

308 

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꣬ƶɮʮ꣬ʦ˵ǴӺнҾһʮꡭ
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ʱ䣬ﵽ˸ߵľ硣
ƺڿһ㣬һ֮У˵ŮŮǸƵ֮ˣˣų˴ȱΪڴׯչ

309 𲻶 ħɷ

ǶӣǽһΪֵʱ⣬ڻˡ
ĵ鶯һһýԼԾһˣһѪԵˡ
ɽҲˣԼǸˣƽ䣬ֻҪѹе뿪˴ׯ
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һصİбԶԣ٩һ֪ȴԼȥˡ
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ҲôǿǶԱĲĲ˵ڴϱ
һĻ֮ⲻ˿һ绰˷Ļţ޲ھͳ嵽ǰĳһҷ֮غúñһ˭־á
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ҶүүڲڷңպŻ˼ɣʾסĵˣǰһϮ׷ºһͲʲôˣĪǵйļϸ

310 ÿô

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ô֮УڷĵϷʲô飬Żģ
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һ˿׷ж󣬷֮ʡȥȾķͦÿġ

311 Ҹ

һ꣬з飬Ȼһĺͷﺮ˵
ǰҲδʱɢ֮ڷĵԽŨš
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۾Ҫô
ĺɨһۣ콭˹ԹԵջߡ
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һ·Сġ
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ģ´֮ʱϣԼ
뿪Ŀĵ
عʹĮĹڣҪҪ;Ĺеı߾
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ջɳ֮УһƬѪأѭǰļ˼±Ե
ϦͽУ˫һĻĻϵظǰ
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岻ãҪʱԷʱ˯
Ҫܺ˴ܣҸᵣˡ
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ˣҸûģĺҸ硣
˫ۣĿĹԣ˵顣
޼ɽʼ߹½һһΣߵĲһĹһˡ
Թװοգͳͳ˵ڼžĺҹС
¹⣬ڷĵϣҲĺҵĹϡ
ľôĹԱߣȥů
ʱ¹֮У建ڷĵǰǱ˵ŮӣڻС
ԭŮӺȻݵĿ˳ǱĿйѹŶ˼Ρ
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312 ǡ

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Ӧף˿еĺֻǳƣ˶˸飬㡭
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һ̾ϢҹɫУεҡҡͷ
ҹɫڳű˵Ȼţһ֮ʱĵһ̳ǰ
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Ĺı߾֮ؽĶ߾ĵ˵õ֤ͨ
ڤƥΪ˲עĿҹɫ֮ʱ˷ɳڡ
ΪսĹϵɳеʿ
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˵ʲôɥأʱºүһǴʤ̵ģ־Լ硣
úúã˵ʲôʲô
ʿǴͷɥжԶȥ˵ķĵ˿һȺȺʿ㿴ҿ㣬׷ż
ˣҪҪϢһ¡
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ģϹϲľȻɽͼܣϲҪġ
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Ҫ˵ϹҲܰţǶΧϹˣͷӲǳµʱ䡣
ôҪļȥ
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Ļ켣Ⱥ֮Уǧ˽ϹΧˮйͨƫƫ޷ϹǣֻòȡȥߣϹˮȺ˻ܰʲôʱ
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ʲô书ܸߵĹϹô
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ԣ㿴ԶǸ߲ةôҪűȥˣҲŽȥ˵׼֪һЩɽͼء
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ΧϹҪһӵɱϹǣգ֮䣬ϹΧ
ڶҪ֪ɽͼ̰֮ˣȻӵбλϹҲֿ
Ϲ书˭Ҳ̤Ϲһ
Ϲ峤ֺαɽͼأΪɽͼ壬ǽʱ»ңʹġ
ߣԪ壬Ϸǰװ֮ձϷûʸϷ˵
Ϲһ仰ɫһ漴ǲмЦһϡ
ʱϹǷǰľɲҲյùɽͼܣ̵ֿĻүҲֻòϹҵĵλˡ
ϵĻĻصÿһ˵ĶߣˣԭϹҾȻҲǰľɲ
ֲãֲýܷչѸͣԭ߹
˵ˣϷŮһ쿪ʼϹұѾٺͽκθϵ
Ϲŭϣһһ˵ϹѾǽɲ顣
ãǱҲˣɱ
ϻ£һȺʿӵϹ
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Ŀ֮УֻһϮ»ŮӳϹҵ֮ϣһ¤¾䣬·֮·Ů֮䲻һ
ɵǰ»Ů˫֮ʱѪɫ֣ͫк;
һһһһаּ²ϵĽ֯ŮŮӵϣ޷ݵȻ֮֮У˵ߡ
ϣһٴ㻹ôᡣ
Ļһһ¶ĳĿ⿴Ŀ㵵ߣеЦŨš
ôҺܾô
ǡǡޡġŭ˫ָ֮ǵŮӣŷ֡

313 ⹫һ

ģ
һģ
ҵǸСô
Ŀ֮У˿һɵŮӣһнǲ⡣
ֺϤǡ
һ˲䣬ڷĵļ両Ժ֮ʱһĿֳ㵣
֮ǰ˼֮ô
ĴԪ֡
ޡġ
һϮ£һͷ׷ɫ˫Լſߵƥ˶ҰǣԽԽԽԽǰķģ
ô
˲⣬ϺϹǴ͵ĶϵŮӡ
ǰƮš
Ѫɫ˫ˣеɫĮ䣬ͬڿһĿ⡣
ˣû뵽ϻǵңʵ˸ж
㡭㲻ôܣôܣԲܡ
ķԼһС
ˣۿĴ˼֮ȥ
ûҵʬǣɴôߵľȥҲΪˣοǶķġ
ԲܣǰķĶȻ˼ٰġ
ûʲôܵģűţ˶ѡ
ɱ⸡֣һӣʮ˲ɢƥҰȺ֮С
ɱΣϹ֮ˣһ
һһ䣬Ļصÿһ˵ĶߣĵĻͬԵٻһ㣬һ˷ĲҽˣĿ־š
ŨҵѪζ֮УΧϹǵֻܣѾ˷һ˲ʮ˼ƥҰǶѡ
ԭӿϹǵǷ׷룬κγžôǧͨ
Цţ䵶˲½˵
ɱͿô
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ϹǣһƬѪȵɱ¾֮С
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һǷֽţһ
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Ļڵ˵Լľٶ
ڽϹ֮ʱʮ˱㽫ҩɢ˸ֻҪҩУ̰ɱἤһΪԭʼ
ֻ֮ҪĴ汾ԣҩҲûЧá
Ⱥ˲УԼС
ϷҲýˣһˡ
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˻ڣʾ˽ϻͻؽ
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ֱһ̣ϹδعϵĿⷺǵӿһϮ׷Ůӣ˫ֱֽڰУʵĺ֡
ġ
ˡ
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ٶǵʱܺĵһУҲ
ϹںţΪԼĹ÷ԭıľǴˣشˡ
ģô
ϵݻۣϹǰݻƵĴŷģһЩὫǰĻþ顣
⹫һˡ
תǸֳһ֮õˣ񰲿еĵҲ
ģġġ
Ϲһһŷĵ֣һһ鲻䷳Ӧš
ǿ֮ˣϹʱ˿̾һȴ˹¶˶εŮĿˣŷʹţйѹ˶˼
⹫һˣƽĻˡ
ôŻ
㲻֪Ϸжô
ûϷҲɣ㲻֪Ϸôôô
̵ġһһϤǻص֮䣬ЦţЦôġ

314 ô

Ϲ
һλصϹʱ䣬ǷĻϹǶ˷츲صı仯
尢еվ⣬һŶҪ˵
˵ݺţưϹȻ⹫
ʮ֮в˶˵ϹĴ߹ĸ֣Ϊ˿˵Ϲһնɱʮͷͻ
˭Ҳ뵽ϹȻĵ⹫
ȻˣڵĽʵۻ˵ǰأܲţô
ҵʱ˶˷ڷϵ飬ھ˵ʴ˵ĸɸ磬Ҳʲôˡ
죬ˡ
һۣŷĺϹ˵ĶԻ
ڤƥһ˫˫ҪôӾжôӣһȺʢ࣬У
棬һӣϰ˾µĲȡ
Щ㰮ԵģԵ㡣
ϹһһӵĽζʳеĵУ·ĳԲ
һ߼ţеˮһߵţϹֲ̧ˮӣƲסеϲ֮飬ɿһϮ׷ķ֮ʱѹúܡ
ѾͷȻƽˣˣ⺢һгʹࡣ
⹫Ҳԡ
úã⹫Ҳԡ
Ϲ̧еۣһڲﺬˮȥ
ģôΪʲô⹫ţ⹫֪㻹š
ˣϹʳǾ仰
ĻţΪʲôһţ֪ԼŮû
תһҲˣһûи֮һе롣
ӲпᣬֻİȫĻţ˶ѡ
ֻǷˡ
⹫Ҷ޼ɽУûܼʱĸ֪⹫һŵϢ
֣ϹݻƵĴ֡
ϹеĵǺ
һкϹûйϵȡѡ
Ҵ˼׹֮ʱ޼ɽīȣǶÿ춼Ҫҩԡ
赭д˵޼ɽ֮еĵȻƺܵʹĨȥˣֻʣǵ
⹫ˡ
ģ⹫ãڶǵʱܸ֪һĻҲӡ
ˡ
Ϲʱ޿̲֮С
ÿÿţڶǽİݱǽҺ߷ĵĻһҲΪ
һй⹫ֻΪ˱ҶѣĶá
ɫ˫ЦݣžƺΪϹһƣԼ豭ԲƾϹ
ĲƣԲƸл⹫ǧԡ
ĻǧϹŮ⹫ܱ㣬ɾƴҲǧκΣա
һսϹѾƴһ׼
ͽǧ͵˶ֻҪȺ̤Ϲǰ벽Ի޻ء
û뵽ټġ
ݻƵĴظŷһϮ׷ǵ˫Ƿһ
ô
ۣѾȥˣڻˣô
ǵЦԽŨţںеĺˡ
ô
Ȼˡ
ʹÿ춼ĥ
һ뵽гһܹ̤߹гС
һУ㲻ˡ
׷ΣΣɡ
˵ǻ߹֮˵֮Դİ˶ʲôĻ
һپϯѾˣүȴ˵Ļ
Դӷ屻ﺮ⵷֮󣬷ǧϵܱ㲻ɶƵĴ߹½ÿһ䡣
ϹһһεĵֿҪɽͼ֮ˣֱգԪǰϹԶȡ
Ϲÿһ˶˵׼ĳˡ
Ϲһǹ˼ңǽľɲϹҺ͹˼ҵĵһǽ࣬ڽ֮ʱżҾǱ뵽
Ϲ˵ŹϹҺ͹˼ҵ顣
ҵǽة࣬ŽݷбҺᣬȵ߹Ĵϡ
ֱ񣬽֣һ̲Ϊ߹½Ĺҡ
Ϲҹ˼ȴҲ뽪κι
ʵĹƶʱ򣬽İѪⶾ֮ʱϷѾ֪ݾǽҵĺᣬ
Ϲһҡͷ̾Ϣţһδεĺŵʱľٶ
һжȥˣÿһ˶Լؾ·Լ·˹
йԼµȻҪ˽µĹģ⹫㿴һĺҽеġ

315 

ϹҵУĸϹһܲķ䡣
ϹҵİóһöӣӺиĺһģһ
ɽͼƬô
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Ϲһ£û򿪺ӣѾͷô֪װɽͼĲƬ
Ӵ֮ʣںһöɽͼĲƬ
뿪󲻾ãĺ㽫͵Ϲ뽫ӽ㣬ֻϧǰ߾
Ϲ˵ŵշһУĺڳ֮ǰɽͼģҲ֪ս׶༪ˡ
Ҹô
һƬɽͼĲоظǲоɽ򣬺ɵʪ
ϺϷ˵һζ֮ʱ˵ɽͼƬ뽪İݺ롣
Ϲ²ţ˵ĺǺ֪İǽҺݣΪ˷ĵİȫֻҪİݺϷĺ룬ὫɽͼƬá
ôõĺǿϧˣʲôʱ򣬶ԼֿİԴġ
ҲҪþһİȫ
¶ıϢϹļ
ѾȥˣĺǺ֮ҲϣΪ˱ˡ
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ϹǰϹŻ׵üͷһᡣ
ͲܶһôҪô
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ټһ꣬ϹҲǵϹš
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л⹫Ⱥ˶մѪȵĴ֮ͽԹˡ
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Ϲһ㣬Ϲһֱ֮С
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Ϲŵһ÷ĺ΢΢Ƭ̣ҲϹ˵Ĺôһ¡
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ЦţЦûκ¶ȡ
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⹫ˡ
ѾͷϷúõأϷϹǵȥ㣬֪ô
ȥϹϵĻĶߣһΪֿĹ
ıϹ˻֣һ˳׵׵ʧϹǡ
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ֵļսĹϵǵ಻ԣ;İΪܹȥòŲݸ伢
˽Ų
һ·гƨֶԷĵĳƺ
п˿콭콭ֿ˿Уп˿壬֮ʮ㿴ҿ㣬ƺһʲʮְĳƺ
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콭ܿ챻˷
ӵͷͷǿɶһȺɱ˲գ۵ĶֲȺҽɽկˣһ
ˣ
еĽҲ˷ˡ
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˼ȥھһһҵۣȡԶʤٵͶƱھ˶Էĵĳƺ
ƺν©ǵıƸ

ͬ⡣
ͬ⡣
ͬ⡣
ء
״ȺҲͬ֡
һϰ߽ˡ
岻̫ϲƺ콭һ仰úͷ
һʱ˵̴ӺǷ̴Ӻðɣͬ⡣

316 

ǡ
ԽڶǣһλصǣȻһֹ֮С
תڿУһ޷Ĺĸо
֮ϣһϮ׷ºķǵǰǷ׷פţĿ֮еɫƺڿʲôһ㡣
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ģ
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ԣһǾβ˵ıǧɱһǵ˻Եġ
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ڷĵ󣬷Ĳδܾ˵ӰʧС
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СôǼЩ顣
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Сһ֪ڷǰ飬ģǺڷһء
λʩҪ£ƶɮֻһЩ򵥵ѡ
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λλӢۺúɶ
Ϊʲôзǧˡ
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һߣĺͺߵһ֮ۡǰۡиոչϹܼ¿˷һۣûע⣬ûһȻͣ˽Ų
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ܡ
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ǰһͷ׷һ˫ȻͷĳúƣԲǷġ
ԬϹܼҡͷԽԽǰ˾Ƿġ
òˣԬܼҵӢʡ
һ仰Ԭܼŵҩһ˵ϡ
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ƺһ̣֪˶ãǰɲǣǰһԬеëʷһԡ
ô겻ԬϽʶô

Ȼ䣬ԬЦһ߿һЦţܼæǰΪԬ˳ϢҲԼϽǸˣ˷ˡ
Ͻ֪ʱ򣬰ã˷ģ̲סš
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Ѿͷѵһôߵ˼¶ˤ㡣
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317 ֻ¸

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İѾľǧ꣬ǽĻʵۣ·עߡ
ǰŮǷģ˼֮׹䶼Իţʲôܵġ
ԬͷһЩ¾Ƶ⣬㾲վһԣϹܼʱʱĿź壬ҲڷֹѲĺҲɲԾ
ĺҵʬ屻˼֮£ֻǳѰɡ
һʱ䣬ĶԬϽ
뿪֮ʱĽһƿ͸Ԭ
Ԭܻ֮Ҳйϵ뿪Ϲ֮ǰҩ͸ҩƹӦϹ˽Ԭ
ԣȥʹô
ţȥ˵Щ顣
ԬǰĲʧԬУ֮һʧĻһֱĬĬĺ塣
Ͻ˲ĺӰɣź񡣡
ĺҳһȻĺңĿ⿴ŷĵʱ͸һ˶Ů˵֮顣
Ÿү˵Ĺ
ǡ
Ԭ뿪ǰʹ·ϣĿŽֵϤİһĻ
һССĽֱ̯ǰĲҪ⽡
һ¶ǣǰϤζ
ˣĶȻǻһ˫˲һԼѪĺ⡣
ϲ⽵Ļԡ
á
һ£帶Ǯ뿪˽ֱ̯ǰʹ
ϦĹâĻʹ֮ϣʱȥˣʹԹ׳ı佨û˿ĸı䡣
ʵѾʣ
˵սұ֮ʱ˳ƱƹΪ»ʣԬϽԼҳķ֡
ʲôˣʹزҴ
£Ƕ¡
ѾȺڹĹ֮ʱҲһ㶣ԬϽѾкڴ˵Ⱥ
Ӽҷڴ˵ȺλӼ
سŷķĺͺ˻ʹ֮С
ڻʹһҫ٣ٶԷ˵ֵһëֻǲ·ѡ
̫δ빬һ񳪣δ빬Сʱδ빬ֻһ۵ˣϣĿ⿴Žеķģü֮е֮΢΢һ壬Ȼ֪һϮºŮӱǷģɵ
ĵʱﻹ𾪵ġ
ʡ
վԭزδ񣬺һ˿ЦݿǸ߸ϵˡ
һ꣬ɳࡣ
ģжδˡ
ܾˣõԼʱ䡣
ĵĻЦǰδˣõʱ䡣
ϦѪɫڷĵϣŹâİŮӷ·֮ŵƲߡ
ϵһ£ߵǰǰİ׷Ůӣͺ궬죬Ҳ㿴ŷġ
һǶ֮
ѾӣҲǧˡ
ˡ
Ҳˡ
˶ˡ
ʱĴݲУµĴĥÿ˶زԼˡ
еģֻ׷䡣
ɼ׷ҲȻˡ
ԬϽ˵齪֮¡
һĨɢָֻ֮һİϡ
˽
Ļصδ빬Уһ˫Ѫɫӱ鲼ѪЦ⡣
޵֪к˵֮ߡ
ǸֳһĨЦ⿴ŷģ֮У˴Լ
ҹɫǣ¹⽫ǶһƬɭ֮¡
뿪˻ʹķվǧ긮ǰʱǧ긮ѾһƬլԺ
ǰһĻĻܰ۵ļ䲻ϵĸţһĻһĻš
ĽеĻӽԺУǻĲݱȼֻⲻϵӿأǧ긮ɡ
Ƭ̣Ļ⽫ҹѪɫӳȼյһ𣬹һĻĻҲŻһɢ
Ҫʹ򽪹ô
Ǻǣ
ЦţĿǧ긮һۣתû˺ҹ֮Сֻ¸Ҷѡ

318 Ϊʲô

ҹɫеĹâɵ˺ڰ֮У޵ķŴš
뿪ǧ긮ķĻص˼ãԶԶر㿴Ůվڼ֮У񾪿ֿڴʲôֱ˷ĵĳ֡
Ͼڿĵһ̣еˮҲ̲סˣžĵ
ǧġ
ġ
Ͼǰߵǰ֮ͣ˽Ų¿ǰܾѵŮӣеˮӿš
Ͼ顣
ټˣĴ֮
ǷҲ
Ů˼Ҽ棬ĲĻ⣬Ͼŷһԣеô귢ʲô顣
һԵʮĿϾϡ
ش󣬷ףòĲˡ
ұȽϲǸϾĹȶףҲá
ҵǺ콭һĿǸŮζһһ͸ųζϲһЩġ
ĸã
һźС
ҡҡͷʾԼһϲ
ƶɮУá

н£˼ĿϾ
һҹʱ䣬Ͼ鶼Źڷ⼸飬ΪĵʹᣬΪĵĿĶϲãҲĬûİ֡
һģһ
ѷҪϢԾɲ벻Ů˵Ļ֮Уֻա
ֱ峿֮ʱűŻ˯ķĻصϢһ˫ŵڿϾʱ򼸷֮⡣
ɺľٶ콭Ͱвˡ
ƾʲôɱϱ
ǣƾʲôϱ
콭Ͱһ϶Ͼǵϱˡ
ϧ˻δʼõĸ㱻Ͼһٵıӡ
Ͼ･ʧеӰߵߣεҡͷ̾š
ã˦˰ɣãӷ𡣡


콭жͬ˵˸֣ŰĽ֮˵ıӰС඼ˡ
ûʼôˣʹ
һڶͣյʱ䣬ÿһ콭Ͱжǰ׼ʱ׵㣬Ϊͺһβеı̬𣬼ǱŹ׷ϼҲֵĿĵҪ
˴Ϊһݡ
ڣ˵Ŀ⿴ŴϱϾ׷Ŵүǣһεҡͷ
˱Ȼȥˡ
ĺ뿪ʹ֮ʱһס˶˵ȥ·
һĸˣǷ˲ɷ˵һƴ˷ĵϡ
žһ
Ļص֮䣬һ£ֵڶƴ˷ĵϣٴ̧׼ĵʱ򣬱ǰֹľٶ

¡
ʾ£Ϻ׵İӡɼ
Ǹ˶񶾵ĿŷģܵĽǧһ㡣
ô㣬ΪʲôĲ㣬Ϊʲô㻹Ż
һݶһĸŷĵ࣬ĺ˫кŨš
Բ𡣡
Բ𣿹һԲĶԲܻҵҶôĶԲҵĶӻô㣬ˣ㻹Ҷӵ
ĺ˫һ˺ŷĵеˮҲֹסıŷš
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô˻š
Ķȴˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôĲȥ
ĺ˫ϣһ˫Ƿھָӵ顣
˫ˣôйҲزˡ
һ˴űĺ˫ͨһƬ
ĺҵĸףҲǷҵĴүǷĵһμҴү
󲮣Բ𡣡
һ˵ŶԲ𣬷ĵĻͣס˽Ų֮һ̾Ϣƺ¶ĻԹ
ˣѾȥ˶꣬Ǻ֪ܻҲһ˵ġ
˵Ŀ⿴һ۰°׷ķģתͷĺ˫ʧԶ

ްⶼǷµծ
ǵġ
Ƿµծ
ΪԼһеĺҲ
ĺ˫óͱҲġ
ȥɣҲʱ뿪ˡ
ǣڶͣյķĵ׼뿪Ͼ鲻ǰͱ콭밢ж˸˵زҪҪģһϱϱиͣϾֱ֮ʣ˵
һˣĳһ㡣
ģЩ··ϱţ߾䡣
ЩůֵС¯ǾһЩϷŽȥܽⷦů֡Ͼﵣŷĵܲ߾Ķӻ׼õĶһԵķϣɾҲûȱٺܶƷ

319 

һ뿪˶ǡ
ӽʼͬһ㣬߹һĻĻ֮أӲͣ϶õʱ䡣
ˣиҪҪȥ
ͣͣиУ뿪Ѿʮ࣬콭ͰлԼϱ
ǷòشϱˣҪлصǵĻһҪϱ²
ɱţˣϱҲ˼㣬Լޣ
ϵ˺ǱӵĿһ콭
ѹû콭С
ƶɮǾϾͰЩ΢ĸоҪȻϾҲ׷ŰУνǰִֽϾĶ԰˼
зԼĸ룬ɺһ仰еĲȫˡ
ҪлϾûеϾһ͵ǶİʬΡ
˻ûɺȴϾΪζ԰˵֣ʲôǰǹƨҪǰ͵ϾĶǶҲǿһĻˡ
ֵ԰ô߱Ҳ͵ĶǶ
ɸλ
˭Ҳû뵽صİоȻ޳ܵȻǵĻ飬ؿζﲻһޡ
˵˵ЦЦ֮λٳɽǰҹĻѾʲôʾϢһʱ䡣
⹫˵ǰһ߽ٳǱһǣߵɢǽҲΪսҵԭ򣬵±߾ٳǰ˼ҡ
ˡ
ؿջĴߣſһ˫Զ
ǵöǰԼҲ䣬Ҳ˵ҹɫ˹˼ҵĶӹ䡣
һ꣬Ѿ˷ǡ
ʱһе𣬰źͯЦ˵ķŭĵĶС
ĵǵӰȥЦ⣬ڴǡ
СܣҪӾͲҪˡ
ԣҪˣҪҰҿ׵ı
ǰСŮƤԼĸףǸǵĹ䡣
һϮɫǰ˺ܶࡣ
Сһ㣬ˤţ
ҪǰȻССӵĽţеĵȴڵԼŮܵ˺ûǰ߼ͣعȥ
ѰŹܵķȥڷǰһ¡ŮӣŮһϮˮɫĳȹӯӯЦöֵ
ӣһЩСô졣
һҪԼŮһ߻ҪҶȴֹסҸš
һЩ˵㻳˫ĪҪţ⼸Ҳ˲ٲƷأһҶ˸㲹ӡ
ˣҶСˣǷҪչңˡ
谮ţҶ΢ţÿһдܰ
ʲô۲۵ģҶΪ£һЩ
á
¹֮£ŻеҶǰһȵŮӣгһĻ÷ĵĽš
û뵽һһ˵
ʶô
ߵߣ˳ŷĵ߿ǽʧеһڡ
ˡ
ǹˣȥɡ
˵ţת׼ȥȴֹס˽Ų
ȥǵ
ҶԼ
һԨйˣҸãαȥ˱˵ƽ
£˴ߣϵİºڴ˯˹ȥ
ǰΪҴ˱ӣһ۱˫˯ȥŮӣĿⲻɵŰȴǱ䲻ͣãգ˵ϵİ£ת뿪˷䡣
˯УĻصǰأʱĹҶһǹ˼ιĶӣһ˫˸Ůӣһ꣬ÿһ˶˺ܴı仯
ĹҶ齨˼ͥԼĺӣֵĹƽʵĽ
ǰĺĽ
ʵвԸȥ𣬿ξеһƫƫҪͷһ㡣
جβŹһĻĻпĳ׶ĵʹֹš
һҹڶǰ˳ǡ
⼸ʱУÿ궼ǹĲԶ޼ɽѰһΣȥġ
յ·ת˲ţ˳ǵĳŽǰ
ѾյϢĹվڹ˳ǰֱ£һϮţůڿĵһеĿеֻһˡڶ֮ʱÿǰլΪĿʱǰеŮӵĳ֡

320 

˳ǡ
һϮµĹվڳǰĿ֮еᶼڷһ˵ϡ
ƺİһˡ
һʱδһһ룬ڹĵҲǹǧһļ尾
⣬Ĳһһġ
һδ˲١
ǰİӣЦţЦһʮ㿴ҿ㣬һĿŹġ
ʲôеˣٶһЦ
ǰ˾˭
ʮ˵ĿڹĵϣҪŪ˭Ϊλ÷ĶԴ
һδˡ
֣޳ָشŷĵգиš
ǰǷůġ
ȴеȥա
ָ⣬Ŵӷɢı䣬ǰһſ˫ֽıڻС
ġ
˶ڻУҪԼ½бŮȡ
ˣ޼ɽÿһ춼ҪžҵʹҪܷܳܵļ尾
ԣԸĳеʹУ
վڷĺһ˫ŵӣе֮Ҫ顣
һԵ콭ײź壬һֲ¶ı٩ź塣
ڷôʱ䣬һǵһοԴһ˵̬˵ġ˵ݡ
ԣݵ̬ȡ
ǱôŷĻͱзˡ
֮ŵİӰȻ֪֮Ĺϵһ⡣
ٺ٣˼ˡ
壬λ˰
콭һ仰һӰںĶߡ
콭ְ׳նܲͰ֮ĹϵȻôо
ҲҲʲô
ཫ˻С콭ͺǰֹԼļ⡣
²µûĻŷӦþ˼ҵĹӹˡ
ȻѾ뿪߹ãҲѺڲ麣ãҲǶ˹ڹ˼ҵ飬Ͼһļ˭֪ܲ
ǴŹ˼ҵĴӹѾˣû뵽ǵúúõأһͷǣ˹ϵ
Ȼߵ˸Ĳ򵥡
ôһ˵ƶɮҲˣ㻹ǵϹЩô˼ҵƹ飬ɾǹˡ
ԣ͹ҲǸʱʶģһĻ
˵˵콭ȷһ㣬һ˵ĽǶжϣʮȷǰĹ˼ŷ
壬ľֺǿ󰡡
콭ԼĽۣд˿ֵɫ
ͺô᲻֪콭⻰Ҫʲôݣ;ȷ˳úԣһκʩ˺ϡ
ȻһݸоģģţоûŮ֮ӹ׵ԡ֮Уһпú壬֮ҪָоԼĺҵĽɫ֮С
˲򵥣ʲô鶼ĿԣҲ׺Ǹʲôˡ
ΪĳЩԭ򣬲δ𴩺ΪúĬԼΪ
ͻȻֵĹĶԺ˵һǰ޴Ķ֣˵δ
һ·ϱˣ׼˷䣬Ϣ
ĲŷʮƥǸ
һ·ϣĿһֱ޲ýһ
ˣб³ȥѹŪ
°˺һۣ⿴ʲôãϲʵж֤ǿ߲ӵԼĶĿԼİŮڱ˳϶޶ԣߵı֡
ʱһֱĺЦŵҲƽš
ϲʲô˷ɣҵǺúõķ̷
ֻѰЦգıһ˷׷üͷ
ʲôˣ˵ֻʹı˺һС
СҪɶ
ѲɴǿƵ
кϷˣ
к콭㿴ҿ㣬һȴϷıˡ
ǰŵ˹˼ĸۡ
ʱ䣬˼ѾǴǰļ壬ڹĵ£˼ҵϵĳɾ͸һ¥Ҷǵľ۸¥Ҳ˼ҽ۸¥Ļҵ˴ϱ
ûдŷģǺµڴϵŮӣعĹ˷š
ڹ뿪СԺ֮ʱѾȴԺĺס
˼Ҽɷһ˵ͣ½ŲѰͷź塣

321 ൱Σ

ѵͷ壬֮£ĺ̫ƵȴԵĲͬ
Ȼĺй̫Ľ֪ÿĺҿĵʱһ˫ɫİ⡣
֮ǰǽ֮ĵİ
ͣ˽ŲĹĿź塣
Էĵʱһ̬ȣӡ
Ա˵ʱ򣬹ͬɽϵĻѩ˫Ӳڳ¶ȣֻĺ⡣
¡
򵥵ֻص֮䣬бź壬ϢҲҲݴʡ
˼ҼӦ֪ٴλĿġ
岢δĵı壬ǰһǰ̬ȽȻͬˡ
֪Σ֪Ρ
ĵĻ׶һ㣬ÿһ߶ش˵࣬Ǻ壬ڰϷĺ콭еǱϢļ
Ǻͷйϵˣƣֻһ䡣
Ҳ˸ڴⳡϷݡ
˵Щʲôֻλش
Ȼ˼Ҽ֪λĿģϣ˼ҼҪΪԼĹϵ谭˷ĽŲ
Ȼء
û廰ев֮⣬˫ָŨһ֡
΢΢üͷŴӹ۵ױŷϢһĨЦĸڴǡ
ûȻҲ뿴Ϊĳ˵Ĺϵʲôľٶ˷Ŀġ
廰ﻰⶼڸ߹ԶһЩҪ鲻ͭ˿ԲģҪΪĵİʯжԶ͹Զ
ǺҹĵĿģ
Ȼǲϲͱߵ̫ЩҪ˵׵ġ
ݵĳĬ֮󣬹΢΢ת׵ĹâҲɢеı˪ɵֵʱеĺ˪˲ȥתеᡣɫ֮ת䲻һ˲飬һ˲䣬ӼĵȵãֻһŮ˵˲Ż˵زŻἰһŮ˵ʱлϣЦ
ĵĻϲ
ĵǱ峤飬峤ѾΪ̺ǰ·Ҫħ峤һħ
ĵȻ˷ĻĿʲô
Ŀѡ
衣
ĳޡ
֮һλع飬ҪһУô
ǸǷģû
Ƿģֻ
ϵ£ɽӱѪɫΡ
Ҫħһħˡ
ĵĿתһθֳ۵ĺ⣬ںϡ
峤Ԥ㲻һƷˣעԼݡ
Ļ£Ĳ壬ӰʧԶ
ڰеĺҡͷһſвŵĺ⣬׷ſˮ
ò˵˼ҵ峤һ൱Σյ˵Σյ˼㡣
ղһ˲䣬Ҫɱ˺ĻǸûκȥֹ
ҹûɱ֣ҲҺ嶮÷ִûм˵ȥ
ǻʮ֮еκһˣ޷ΣշƥС
ƫƫ֮Էʱǰᣬ޲ýеĺöһˡ
ìֵܵıر
˺Σա
൱Σա
֮ͳһһǲǹˣҪȻ֪ôġ
ԣ
Բǣ
ҹʱɫĺ˳һƬ֮С
˯˵ķںźϴһɾѾȺ˶ʱ
һϮ°׷ķĳ֮ʣ֮ϵı鱻ڸסˣɴ˫пԿָӵ顣
ǵԼһμĵʱְᷳŮ˲ϲ
ĽӴ£Ů˾һУҪ˽ʱᷢԼѾ֮в԰ˡ
󣬼Ǳ󺣣ҲĸԸˡ
ټһϮеۡ
ÿÿӴ޼ɽ߶һĵ֣ҲЩֻƬе֪˹ڷĵϢ
֪ų˲ܵʹ֪࣬ĻţѾ֪ˡ
ôʶô
Ỻڶߣع
겻ˣΪء
㶼ûôءһǰĹլҲк仹ǵյȴѾ˷Ǳζ

322 ҪҪ

լУǰ·ĸǰլˮ鿣Ǹڷĵ
һ·ϣԹ˵˼ҷ顣
ǰ߾ʱҲŴǰ߾
˭Ҳ뵽Ǹϵʱ򣬼ֻǻԲȫͷͽϵķġ
Ӹ޼ɽīص޼ɽþаĲҩŽĴıԵ˻
֮ÿһ꣬Ӷǰ޼ɽġ
ģ㶼ûпǼҼı飬ÿǰ޼ɽʱ򣬼鶼رĺá
ڷæһ֮УǴ˵ʱ
Ϊһǰ޼ɽĵӡ
ÿһ궼ˣ֪Լ޼ɽ̶̵ֻͣʱ䣬ֻҪܿϷһۣ֪Ȼӱ֪ˡ
ʵһֱһж֮ĻҲܵĥѡ
ÿһ˶ԼҪߵ·ǰ·ע˿
һеʵʵĴš
֪䣬Ѿˮ鿣׼˷ϲԵʳ
ģ
Խ˷ĵߡ
һǰҳԵģ³ĲˣԳԿθô
һӲ˶ǹ³ÿһ˶ǷĴǰĳԵĲƷ
ӵζȣӽеĲУʶ塣
ʱЩˡ
Ǳĳ˳һ
ּһ˷ڷǰҲӳŹļееĲˡ
һһ飬Ĳ䷳ļŲˣĶһһƷ˵ŵͲ㡣

ǣ
Ƭ֮һںӣװ˵Լ̵ֵĺԼȵȵȵȡ
źŹӡһֽĿⲻڹĵϡ
ʲô
ЩĶ
Ķ
ҽ۸¥չ˺ܶУʱԭˡ
ĳŵ
뿪޼ɽ֮ǰ˵ҪΪ̺ǰ·
۸¥ҵǧ֮һѡ
ģЩŬĳɹ뽻ҡ
֮˴ˣҪ£ҲΪ㹹һӴҵ۹¡
һһ䣬־Ź룬һ˶Ů˵ĳŵ顣
ɷĲ뽫ǣС
ģ㡭
֪Ҫ˵ʲôһжĸԸΪ
˷Ҫ˵ʲôҲ׷ǵǷǷ֮гΪڶĺҡ
Ľĺң֪ĸԸȥػŷġ
ĺѾˣǰ
Ϊ˼ҵģԸԼΪİŮ˹¡
ڹĵУֳȵĻŨҵ޷ݣܽڻһĹš
ˮʮһȷһ飬ĲһΣշӻһͷβķӣǵù˼Ҽ˷ħԭֻһǱǵϴ
ػ˷ĺңԸ㾡޻ΪħĹģΪһ˶İŮ˵ľٶԵš
ǰѡĺһ߹еκһˣǸǰĻҲ㡣
˵ǰûзĻһȺ˻ڲ麣֮С
һҹʱ䣬ĶŴǰ飬ֱ塮⡯ŹķҪϢˡ
գɫкá
һĶۼ˹˳ǰ
ģǰ߾֮ǰ
ĽӵڻУָһϮ׷Ųᡣ
ֻаµʱ䣬һηֿԹ˵ȴǱҪ
ڣȹ˼е鶼֮ǰ߾ˡ
ãǮϵͽˡ
ҹãҲδܸıĵ뷨
˵ĵİȫΪҪĺѾˣԲùҲ⡣
˵Щʲôֻһ仰һ𸴳
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˼Ҽ˲ҪҪ
˵콭ΪĮ˵콭ûԭ˵ס
ڴĮУֻҪ̡
Ȼ͹ദֻж̶̵һʱ䣬˶ܿóĶԷĸǽһֿϾֱܷĳǣ˼Ҽ˧ǮҶԷҲãǿ񣬰ˣ

323 ֳ־ղ

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Į˾һȺɱŵòǰ֮콭˻ɱò񫣬һԾ˾ȺС
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ͺ¿ܲīˣƱ߶Ʊ߶û꣬ء
ƶɮǰ磬㶮ʲôӷ𡣡
ʮ߸Ѿ˾֮Уһ·Ѫɱɱɱ𣬷֮ռƵ˾ȴˣѾͻȻֵһ˾ġо֮ʱɻǵΪʦ̹ʲôô

324 ޱߵɱ¾

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325 Ƕ

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326 

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327 ڳ

ҹɫ߾š
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ʿһ죬߸˼ǰܲߡ


ӨضһŮӰѧԺĻ棬һһ߼һ˫Լ۾
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328 ֻƷ

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µ˶֮ϣǷġ
ڤô
Ŀ߶ųڤŵ֡
ûмǴĻڤӦ޼ɽˣī˵һڤŵ޼ɽ֮ѧգ˵츳ߣǲī޼ɽ
û뵽תתڤż˾죬ΪǸ˵¡
ԣϷҲ˵һЩڳڤŵ飬ΪǸᷨĹʦų˲ٰ
֮УȻ˲ǿǿ֧ŵڣɾ˴ССǧսǳڤ˾ʧء
˵һսۣΪĵʱƻ˲֣˾С
죬һսˡ
϶ףڵĻ䲻ǶݵģĮ˾˰̣ձȻһı߾
߾˾ֿܹһδ֪ǳȥĻҲṩӦ㣬߾ᱻ¡
ݣһͬսһڤš
ɡ
ݵܾ˷ġ
ǰԾǰţǾԲ÷ս
ô롣
ģѾǴǰķġ
޼ɽʱ棬Ĳֻʹгɳ
ÿȫʹ֮ʣҧǿŻʵʶȥһŶݼѧ鼮
޼ɽīҲᣬοһڤš
𣬽Ϩˡ
һǧĻصӪϢ
źŷϴ֮Ӫʵӷֹκ˴ŷϢ
վӪǰݱǰȴֹ˽Ų
ӲδȬҪϢͷүأĪҪ˷˯
ǰ˲κͬС
ɭɫ֮£ӿź壬һĨЦڴǡ
סԼݣֻĺҵƷ
лү㣬˼ҼҲ˵仰үƲҪϢ
ŵ˫Ǻ鲼ţһͬĻĳ˵ס˶ΪĺҵƷΣֻҪԼǽкĺҾͺá

329 ɹֱ

¹֮£쳣ı䣬Χ۵˿źˣһסȴһĻķ
ܴô
˭֪
ҪǴǰ˭
֪үǷһȣ˵׼ᱻǷǵˣʵڲ˵ǰ˭
һĴĻ˭ˡ
⡣
콭е˾ˣһݺͺĶǾؿ־ͺˣ˭Ҳ
Ҫǰ˺壬պΪĺ֮һӿɾͽˡ
Ҫǰݣպսһ˿ǣ˵˭ãǾɡ
һ⡣
ոս˭˭⣬콭ֳָһµ⣬ǹݺ͹Ķ˵ġ
ҲˣӪݱǼҷҲûҲݣϵеⰡ
֮أ
콭Ҫ˵ʲô⣿
Ƕˣϲ˼ҼҲˣ˵İѹ˼Ҽ˭˭
˵ˡ
һǲƴķĹ˼Ҽ
һӢսүݡ
ǴݼһǴӳ˵е޵֣Ҷ֮ĳΪķȻ£˭˭СǰһʮϾ⡣
õĻܾ˵³
Ҳǣһʮֵּ⣬˼ҼΪĻүһģүҪΪĻ˼Ҽֲġ
콭еƺܿ⣬ڹĺ˭˭СǸ鷳顣
ֻûһƲֻϹ׽ȫûпǵĻ᲻Ὣĺ
壬үɡ
ǣ
յĵһÿ·
ӿһۺ壬һĨЦ
ӪУĵƻһء
һһϮڴϣе鼮֮ϣ߽֮ʱ鼮һԡ
ҹˣүʲôô
Ƶĵƻ£ǹȴֵĺǣݵġ
ݵǰϵػǰǽϵһĻȺ֮УһϮµķ˵űء
ټ̫ѹеĻҪͷ˵
ģֱô
ǰߴӰĹâڵţĽСαӰС
˫Ѫɫӣ֣޳ָظűգ΢ֲڵָĦ˫
ʱйһδĻ룬Ůӵ˫һȵģڻԼеı
񣬵ıָ͸Уۡ
֮£ݸ˫Ŀģ֮ľԽıƽۿžҪȥĶܸܵ˴֮¶ȡ
һ̣ͣ
Ϊβ㣬ѵͲ±ô
㲻ᣬ㡣
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ֮ǵĹâһĴܸС
˾ӡ
үȻ˾ӣҲҹҵķˡ
뿪ЦĵĻ׵׵̾һ
ĴӴһˮ͵ǰ
үʲôô
ĺȲ裬ǽӹ˷еĲ豭
ô꣬ѵûʲôʱô
仰а˺ܶ˼
ĳ֮ʱ飬Ƿ飬Լڶ߾顣
Ҳҷĵԭ֮һ
̫࣬ûʣҲû˵
ûУǹȥˡ
ǰ£ЩڻѾôҪˡ
֪Ǹ˵ݣҲڵ壬аСõѣȴĻڷĵϣ֮֡
㲻֪Ϊ±׶ô֪Ϊβԭί֮㣬֪ΪҪô
һʳ⡣
ѵĲԼǰľٶ˶ô˺ô
Ƭ̣ǰ꣬ˣһĨεЦݴӱ˫쵽˴ǡ
ŵĲ豭вˮѾˣݽеһ
֪ʲôʱ𣬱ְ㣬ļթĸ޳ƣһһڱɫʰѤš
ǰ
֪ʲôʱʼ뵽С
һֱϣԽѹĵ뷨ֹĸоԽĸͷ޷԰εСľһҩ޽Ķҩ

330 

ߵķİţϻصĻƹһ㣬Ѱµĵͳ
ǱеĽ١
ԣǷģϲӣ֤Լһ¶ȵˡ
ǳǰצҪɱķģ֮߱ʱӸһöҩŮӣĿӡԺ޷Ĩȥ
߾Ƕʱ棬ΪֻҪİɱˣı㲻һʹ֮С
վˡ
͹İݵĺݣǶԷҲ˶֡
գʧ꣬ʹࡣ
ǰֹ㡣
أĵͷؿݵļϡ
ǧɢţӭŻƵĵƻ𣬷ı˫ۡ
ʱһȳƵĺݵĶߡ
Ѱȥ۵Ƿĵİ͵˯ա

һ̾Ϣš
ݽ˯˵ķİڴϣӣظϡ
ĿŲ԰׵գվ뿪Ӫʡ
ҹɫУһֱڰеĺ콭˿˿ɫݽӪʺͳʱ
˵үһ˴뽪ĮӪնɱпܽ죬û뵽Ͼ˳棬ˣ
콭Ļһ˼ָʲôҲ֪
Ϲ׽ʲôүֻһЩ°ˡ
һֱӪԵĺһŵˣ콭˲Ҫ˼룬ү֮ʲô鶼ûз
Ŷɶûñ׸һ
콭ƲƲ죬Ȼ䣬һĨЦС
˵ûҪȥŮӪǱߡ
콭˲õ˲˵ͬɺȴҡͷ콭˵
ɣӦ֪ȺŮҽʦǷ̵ѧҪǱ֪ˣ³Ȼ뺫һ
ˣڳǰţģôˣһ˿ҵıڳǰ
裬谡
ֹôԲܡ
콭һЦЩɶֵഺŮǲһ񫣬ζԵԼ
˵߾߾ͷǺҹлһŮӵļ
գ߾ǰʮ˱ˢˢõڳǰһʮҡš
ӷƶɮȰ˵ǣƫҪ콭ҲͰˣʩȻҲһ֣ƶɮҲûʲôܰǵģΪֵоȰɡ
˺кͺ֮⣬콭ڵʮڳǰͷ±š
˿˿һԵ콭Ŀھǡ
ôҲˣ
͵Ůҽʦϴ衣
콭Ǵ󷽵ĳһ˵Ϊϵı鲻Ϊܷ֮Ϊ١
ֵܣи֪ͬͬڳǽܣǡ
ƨ봩·һ˿ҡ
Ǳĳͷ콭Ҳڿһºˡ
վڳǽϵķİ˫ۣѪɫͫҪôͶô䣬ʮ˲£һַ硣
Ľ㣬Ҫ˰ɣô˵Ⱥ쵰ҲĽ¡
Ө콭˵飬ҪǿǷµķϣΪ˱Ľİȫ˵ǵʱڶ·ûз飬պˡ
Өϱ֪๫ˣҽк࣬ĺࡣ
ǰĻɹøӨ
Ľ㣬㻹ˡ
鰡ӨϱӵһۿʱҾͰ㣬һһжӳҵԺУ޷԰޿ɾҩ˰֮С
೶ŲӱŰ⣬øӨǺţȻֺ֪ɫȻߵĳɷָһЩ
ңðǾҿġ
ŭЦ֪ӺδĸӨվڰźǸǰ棬ֻҪһȥͷˤȥĻǲҲзˡ
ӨϱҪıɱ׷򰡣飬ɶǺú˵ҵӨǸŮӣȻ˲бľٶ
һӨҪģˡ
ֻ֪ӨԴ֮ʱ̬ᣬҲǸˣƺһ飬ӨǷĽ̳ѧҸӨǰһŮеˡ
ڳǰΪʮȵĺлһֲ¶İӷȰ˵ŸӨʩһȥǽˣΪ೬ꡣ
ӷ𣬸ӨʩĪ飬˵Ȼɱһһ
Բۣͺ¿ıߵˡ
ƶɮֻǰףӨʩ붯֣ĪҪŶң⡣ͺ¿һǲˣӨϱ顭лú˵Ө飬衭ڣ

331 ޼ɽ

һʱ䣬ʮھ˷紵ɹ֮˿ຣ
һ̱ڵ϶붯˾Լ;þ˪ѾûɶˣҪһѻһٲˡ
ҹɫܿϮɭ¹ǧ֮һڷеĻдĮ뽪˾
ӦսϳϮڤһıʲô
վڳǰ̧һ˫ǽƶеɫֻ֣תһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ԭˣ
ݡ
Ľݣż⸽ݵĶ˵Ż
ãҲСһЩ
ˣԼҪСһЩȥȥͻء
£һӰʧںҹ֮УֻʣվڳǽϵķԼͼĸ
ʦү˵ɶ
Ǻѯŷģû֮䶼˵ЩʲôֻԼԼһ֡
žͺˣһҵİš
ǣʦ
ʱĮ˾ѹǰѹѹһƬͷҹɫ֮п߼ʣڵоذΧ֮Уһɷǵӳڷĵڡ
ֳȵǳڤˡ
ڷĵĿ⿴ڤŵʱ򣬳ڤҲע⵽վǽ֮ϵķġ
ĺͳڤ֮һľ룬˿ԷʲôӣڤȻ֪ǰ°׷ŮӱǷġ

ڤһӣʾʿǰȥʱŴ򿪣ӭ뽪Į˾ǳ档
תʾⶼ׼ҪõĶ
ʱһ죬ǧմȾŻ͵ڵķȥ
ڷƵİ£ǴѸٵӿתۼ䣬ս˻𳡣һǽ赲ݵ˵·Ҳ赲˵ߡ
үͷҲͳʦ󷨣Թ־ܣʦԲ˼ү
ߣ㣿
ЦţʱʾһʿȥĮ˾ʤ׷
ɫƲ͸˳ŷ磬£ʾʮ˽ȫȼ
ݵһ죬һǰ߾һĻе˽һ֧֧оĺš
ǺڵɢմȾ˻֮ʱ˲䣬ŨҵĴ̼ζŻѸٵ
ڤŻ÷ƣһ÷ơ
ǰڤžͳԹһοһξȻѵ
Ȼˣóڤſʲô󷨡
һ֧֧ȼյڷĵʾ·оս󷽣ÿһķ߶󷨵Ĺؼ£һɣǴҲ޷ȳеˡ
޼ɽѧ˲Ŷݼ֮󷨲ʱϡƽ󷨣ʱ˺ԼаԵķλƲ˵λ
ȻĮ˾ڻ֮˻󷨵ĹΧڣڤŷ˶ߣҲֹȺ𺣡
ۣĻȴѾϨ
ݳ֮ǰı֪Ļڤһ÷ѡ𹥣ֻҪֳһζҲκβǡ
ʲôƨ󷨣ǰСİϷѡ
Цţʾ֣ͣʾݻسǣֻҪؿźϷͺˡ
ãж
ڤʾ˾ˣκڷİ£Щٶȸ죬̼䣬ѾĮ˾ȷ沿С
ټϺҹڻ볷Ҳˡ
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˫ָȫĮĿһС
һ߾ߵصʬĿŤ·ǰΪʹĥһ㡣
ʦЩ̻Ʈģȶһ㡣
̵ĿãֻҪһڱΪʬķٲȡʲôʩĻʿҲ⵽ġ
ãˡ
ֻУſıôҵĴıĹ֮ϣʼŵЦŨ˼֡

һŽصҹɫոճĴĮ˾˲ҰܣΪ˱Աڤ
뿪֮ʱڤŵĿ⿴վڳǽϵİ°׷Ůӡ
ʸǺδˡ
ڤ˵֮˵һ㣬ƫƫ뵽ÿһ˵ĶС
ˣһ˻һǧﴫڤű֮һ
޼ɽġ
˵޼ɽֵʱ򣬳ڤɫһ㶣ǣʱ򣬳ڤϵıѾ޷ݵ𾪡޼ɽġ

332 İ˱߾

޼ɽ
ġ
˲֪޼ɽʲôطڤȴ֪
޼ɽΪ𾪵Ƿ֡
ɷĲǰôռĵ࣬ҲʾһƬհףһɡ
ǰһĻôһ¡
ʱĽĮ˾ѾˣڤٶҲòش
Žڽڰ˽Į˾Ӽǲսʤ
һԤϵһ㣬ǷʼҵĴԭƮ߾Ķ̻һ
ʦˡ
ΪҹһսϾǾʦսû뵽ǣ۸ľʦڤȴʦɵĻˣܲ˽
һսٴȡʤһֱ·ָֻԭеơ
Į˾ѾʿҲѾصӪϢɷȴվڳǽ֮ϣӭɫԶ
һƬһƬʬ嵹ڵϣǱ֮ˡ
ڿʲô
վڷ࣬˳߿ȥĿȺѾȥʱĴĮʿϡ
սǲпġ
һ仰ӷĿлΣĮ֮⡣
սթǧƣ伫
ڶʮһͣĹҶǩ˺ƽԼˣǻսοĹŴ
ֻҪʤٱɵֶʲô
ο´Ҳ뿴һĻôֺʥĸĵıˡ
һֱڷߵݽתһϮ°׷Ůӣ˫иֳһ˿Ц⡣
ˣķѾ˷ǣȴһġ
ˣսǻƿصġ
֣޳ָؾĵİ׷ָ⣬Щƽ¹һ㡣
ҪһµıӰӵڻУԼ¶ڻеĺ䣬ڲʱ
ǰ˷ģ֮۷ʲô÷Ĵǰߡ
ҹˣȥϢɣȻǸҪ߶ˡ
˵ţ㿴һԺҹ߳ĺڷ󣬽˷ĵϡ
ɫѾΪ׼ˮ
š
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ظһĨЦĿ֮һƬź֮ʱˡ
˫ָǰ֮ĺصţ֮ĽжԾ
Ĳֱ֤ͬԼģһССʲôĺҵƷѡ
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˵β֪ˣ˵ˣڴ˭үǼҷ˼ҲûбֳԵľܾ֮˼
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һߡ
ʦڤⶾ̵Ĺơ
صӪ֮ʱڤ·ɸ봫ǰ
죬ɸ봫ʣ˵Ļš
ˣѾ֪ˡ
һ֮䡣
ŷĵ֮ĸԸڽ£׳Ƴ
¹УһɫƳ˻Ӫ֮УÿһаԴԴϵĴ˫¶
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¡
ڤͨһڵϣŽİͷ
𷣣ܣǰûҰС
ڤҲ벻ѾȥķľȻ³֮С
㵱û˼֮ҵĵʬ壬Ѿ㲻ڷĵκۼĽ֡
Ļţеĳǰˣܡ
һһеĲһĽͣ޼ɽǸ˽ľߣһжܽ͵ͨˡ
𷣡
ڽİǰĳڤ뷣
ʱ֮λϵĽİݻڣоȻֳһ˿Ц⡣
ֽźҪдһˡ
ǣ£
ڤŲҷʲôִʡǰİֳëֽдһһ䣬־֮б˼˷ѽ⡣

333  Ц

İ߾
ڷĽɳʱյ˷ĻŵϢ
ˣʱ䣬Ůʱ޿̲ǰ
ģȻҲ޷޵С
һߣ߾Ӫ֮С
Ĳ֪İѾ߾ֱһ˵ĳ֣׵׵Ĵ˫ƽ˫
½Ÿġ
߾ĳǽ֮£һսûֻһš
жԶ͹Զҿ㡣
ǽ֮ϣеĳָųǽµеĺҪôŨҾжôŨҡ
ֵĿģҲ֪һˣĻʵҲض߾
Ǹ˺ʦʦʹʦܾļ尾
ҲԲýĹʵһ˺ʦ
ҪٲߵĻͱֱնɱ뽣¡
ⲻ߾ӪҲһ͵С
ཫҲǷţνսնʹôĻƻ֮Ĺϵ
Ǻǣ
ЦţЦ֮ű֮⡣
֮ĹϵЦͽ֮еֻǳޣǵΪ˺ʦ߾
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ʣǽµ
̬ʮֵţǶԴһѰĿˣûκβ׵ĵط
ڿһɲǣɵסˣϸ֮£ŷֺĺҡ
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ܡ
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ЦţЦƺʲôλһ㣬ֳ˿֮èŪһزϷš
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Ӧµ˼ǽ뽫ż͵ϣɽ½񣬻뽫żϡ
˵ţһ֣ʾŹԹԵĽ˵ˣŻȥҲһׯ¡
ڱ˿սնʹѾΪ˶ɣǶ˵ƨĶȫá
ֻҪˣɱʲôվҪģֻѡ
߹صķ紵棬ǼŻɳĿﲻϵƮ֮䡣
ǹɲǣǰʱ䣬վǽǷ˺С
ڳţͷתһų뱾һҪҪ˵
ܣذɡ
һֱ˵ľܾͷҲصת뿪˽Źϡ
źŵ̬ȣ˫ۣеɱڵĸţջǿеѹϵŷĵĳ֡
һߣһվӪǰ
ǲ뿴ŵĻ㽫ˡ
ùɡ
Ӫдĵһ˿ѹŵĳޣ΢΢ɺ廹Ǹ֪ˡ
һţǰ
ĿһŷϵԼЦڴǣЦζԳҲѪ䡣
زŷ⣬Űֽдݣÿһÿ仰ôϤ
ϤϤôʣϤĹУϤС
еϤڴ˿̶ôİһУмҪޱйɷȴ˳ЦԽŨҵĻص֮䡣

334 ôȥ

˭Ҳ֪дʲôݣֻӪдЦ˻ë
鲻ˬ
ⲻǷϻôǰдżˬô
ҲǣİˣдҫǸ鶼᲻ܡ
Ǽǰô
ȥǰǿɶڲ麣ء
Ҳǣ
콭㿴ҿ㣬׷ײ²Žİݸдһžʲôݣڷڶ֮ô⡣
УҪȻȥ
ൣǷĻʲô¶úȥ˵һ˵һľ仰зģҲҲ˵׼
ƶɮķ𷨶ãڷǰֵһᡣ
бʾԼҲΪ
ǹˣ˺ѷεĸоҲȻ÷ڿŵʱС
ҲţЩıҪ͸ö࣬õȰ˵ΪãȻʲôʵ䷴ЧǾˡ
Ҳ÷ôЦȥġ
岻ӪôǼһһа취
˽еϣ˺ϣϾ峤ĺңȰ˵֮ĻӺ˵еЧġ
ô
ӪУ֪ʣǰһˮڷǰ
ģвô
ĽеżųһţѪɫ˫ֳѪ֮п־;ǸڷߵĺǸܵ˺䡣
޳ĴظŷĵգǰһĶǰɢİ׷˳˶ĻصӪС
ȻҪǷծ֮ȫɱȻˣֺء
ڷĵߣ帽˫ĶߣȵĻﲻϵĴ档
۷ʲô飬嶼ڷߣ֪ԼĺҵƷ
˵ĺֵʱ򣬷Ѫ֮еĺŨһ֡
һӣץס졣
ס㣬ҸҸ磬ˣ仰ֻ˵һΡ
ɷͽ嵱ĺô
Ŵӷбŷɱ⣬岢δˣ֮ǰһŷĵţÿһǣǺ͸㺱ԡһ֡
尮ŷΣֻҪ˾ͺá
˫ӵ߷뻳ֵĺ彫ͷڷĵļϣ֮С
һĪԡϢӪУ嵭ԭеҲ÷˫ɱ˳޵˫лع
ֲҪô
ָֻԭе䡣
岻ɿ˫֣˵һԡ
ŵһֻ÷Ļֶָζѣֻ
Եı仯ĿЦ
Ǽ
ˡ
û壬һⱻһŵӽ˻С
ֽеһȼմһƬƬɫĻҽƮɢڿС
Ծڳô
ǡ

ĵһ仰úסˣӪŵҲҲ⣬ɷһ˵޷ıģҲֻӪ֮С
룬һϣע⡣
Ӫ֮ǰ
ЩӦ˵ס
ŵģӦԼλãĪҪ֮٣Ҳ뿪
вصУǺ壬콭еˡ
Ŀ⵭ɨһۺ壬Ӫڡ
֮ʱһʱˡ
֪ԼӦʲôƺǧ˻Ƿֱӽŷ֡
ӪУڿķĽе鼮ķһ˫Ѫɫӿţʾ¡
ʲôô
Į䣬ûһ˿һ˵¶ȣǰķȫȻͬ
ԭأ֮Żعλϡ
ְǷţ֮Щ顣
ȻţѾյˡ
̧еĮһѷĵһ㣬ĸࡣ
°׷Ѫ֪ڵķѾǰķģԾڴš
Ȼ֪Լоڴʲô
ġ
ڶƺ֮Уѡ˷֣һǴŴǰǴڣ۷ʲôı仯ǷĵͷǱˣ۾˺ɫУĻǷġ
Ǹթƻ껹һҪŮˡ
ôȥ
Ҫ֪ô궼ȥûΪβһšΪβһŸ֮ǻš

335 һ

ȥʲôϵ
һһ䣬ĻصӪڣѪɫţеЦ֡
йϵ֪ʧʱ棬¶ôô
ôô
仰û˵˿ڣС
ǰһЩȰ˵뿪Ļһϵ˼֮ϣҲɷˣʧꡣ
һ˵Ѿã֪꾿ȥúòá
Դ˼׹֮ʱǶʱ֮У¼ûûҹѰӰ
˵ŷĴ˼׹֮󣬱ΪѰҷļ߲ݣҵǧΣԾûзκһԡ
ʱͱ¿һЦһǺķ˴óڤռĽǺϢ
ʱ䣬ûһ첻ڶһţŶ
ġʱ²û˺㣬֮ڱ㡣
ң
ֵķЦ
һΪҪ˵ʲôԭЩûõĶ
ǰѾ˶֣ڽô
Ȼûˡ
ҸˣʹĺҲûˣ˵Ǹ˵ĺãǺЦ
һжǸ˵˼ȥҪˡ
ģİ㡣
÷ᣬ֮ȷȷʵʵкܶ඼÷ģһЩĿģǣİŷġ
Ҫǰ֮ʱһӰһӪڡ
һԲߵǰǾֹ̬һ˫ŵڿŷĵʱ͸İıš
ϲЦΪ£ĺôôļ尾
Ļһһĸ֮ʲôӦ˵ʲôӦ˵˵Ļǲ˵Ļ
峿ûʲôһЩСԲ
£һֶһӣҨһԲ֮͵ĵߡ
Ĳδܾſڳ͵ߵʳ
֪ϲ̫ĶԲ϶԰Ƶġ
ˡ
ĵĻúе㺸Ũţĺ̫ƵĿҲֳһĨߺ֮ɫ
л佱Ϊ˷ʲôԸٳһڡ
ٴҨһԲ͵ߣٶҪжô
ɵӣȻܿжԷĵĴ⣬ѲΪ˳ĺ̫ƣ÷Ľϴˣ
һԲ˵ףźŷ˯һƺʲôû˵ǰеЦƺҫʤһ㡣
ҪϢˣͷ룡
뿪
ȻǧԸգ뿪ĳǳء
ɳ棬ſվڳǽ֮⣬Ŀںϣеĵɱ˿ӱıš
ǱµŮˣϣ֪֮Ī
ǺǣͲͷˣʲôϣҲԼݺ͵λĪԷŴ
Ц⣬Ծմ˫ۡ
Ϊ˵ĺȻܵԷһ㺡
ǵļǵõ߾֮ʱһʱȫȫһڿİŮ֮ʱı֡
˼أ
Լ˵һͲ֪ԼǷҲע⵽⡣
Ӫǰ߲͡
£ڣеΪΡ
ҹɫ
˯еķһƬɫĻ֮С
ƫƫɫĻ£Ƿ׷ɵĴѩһ㣬˵˫ۡ
վڰɫĻУһʧõůС
֪жãְ粻ڳ֡
ǰ֪жˡ
ǰ˼ϤĻïʢĿǰ
֮УͶ񾲣ֻһˡ
Աߣǰһڴ£ĿԶ
һƬڷĵǰֽ֣ǻסָϵһ̣һĻĻͻȻصǰ
⻭пЦϲбǰڶ鲻ϵظֳ
һУá
ôãһеöӰվǻزˡ
ǰֻк⣬ֹĺ⡣أһƬƬɫĻѪɫŰĿ磬ϵƮɢƮɢš

336 ټİ

ξеӴİɫѪ죬Ҳŷеı仯
ǰվɢȥȴŵֻи
ա
ѾͷϷ˵һЩ顣
վǷĲ£Ҫһʷľôġ
˵ˣС潪İţȻ֪żдʲôݣɴӷıҲܲһ
Ϸ֪ôúܿ࣬Ҳ˵ʲôûãΪϷȰһ䣬Щ鲻رִ̫һԼ
۵Ŀŷġ
ǰķĻڰ°׷ķģŮһ۰š
֪һ죬Ͼõ춼
˷ĿģΪ뿴һһ޷԰εԨ֮С
ϷֵֻĻţƽƽͺá
ϡ
ЦţЦᣬǰһүлҳ
֣ΪԼ
ǰҴѲǻҲֻʮ
ʮԱ˵̫ˣɷľʮĶ͡
ǲ𣬲ԼһУʮкá
ܣôᣬôܣ
ϲԼжϣҲȥŷ˵Ļ˫ָ̽Ѱڷĵϣգ˫ۺ
ô
ܺʹ¶ıˣһĨνЦ⸡ڴǣΪԼֻʮо֮ҡ
ûʲôʮ˵ѾǶˡ
ϵĹǣϵĵǣϵĹУҲǰĹԼ
ɴ뿪޼ɽʼѾ˵ʱ
⺢ӡ⺢ǣ
̧ӣ۽ǵˮ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪ˶ԴѾͷܹȴٰĥš
ϣĲõң֪Լʲôʲô
ĵĻϰģԽˣϱš
ǰۿŷһһֹ˱ķ
ĽգȻ޷ֹ
Ѿͷ˵ԼˣĸİȫΪУô˵˾ˣֻʣĵĺ⣬վһ˵С
䣬Ů鰮ѹһˡ
ϣϣܰС
ָԼʮ飬֮Խո֮ϣҲΪȰ˵Լͷ
ϵԸ񣬱Ȼ᲻䷳˵Լ
֪ԼĿģⷢԤĻ档
Ϸףûķô
ϲķĵһһţñĽ֡
ҡҡͷҪҲֻһ취Ǳմ޼ɽϣǺͱʲô
ѾӲдĻ꣬ʱúõѪȵҲ޻ˡ
ϻͷ˵ʲôվЩõĹĶ˻ȥ
ݵĳĬ֮ϱԼ˵
ģʵ۵дʲô
ҷĵĿĳȰ˵ͷúõػ֪Ѿͷֻʮ֮ʱЩҲûʲôҪ˵ˡ
Ҫһʷģż֮ϣİдʲôݡ
𽪹ʵ۽İݣĵŭ˷ӿֶ
ѾͷΪһûĸεĹһδݺĲ֣Ȼı׹˼¡
ʵۣ
ϿжǸ˵ݣЦ
ùʵֱ蹷
Ҳûʲô˵һЩ޹ؽҪѡ
İдݳִ֮Լŵķ֮⣬Ҳû֪д֮ΪΡ
ȻҲȥдʲô
ʱһŽ죬ص֮䡣
˵սĺŽ֮нš
սĴķжǽ֮ϣԶĮʿ߾ĳǳӿǺѹѹһƬͷʮ֮ϣϳսı
ǴĮ˾ǿй߾ս֪
Ǹˡཫ㿴
ʿָǧ֮ǰһϮɫ׵ˣһɫ״ɱķǧ˱㹥˳ĳţժ³ͷ
ˣǽʵۣİݡ
֮£ɫļź⣬֮ǰɫϵ΢΢̧ͷɢİη֮⣬һ㲻һ
˵ȻаʧǰԨҲĸԸȥɴʱ˵ĿƺѰʲôδڳǽ֮ҵǰ°׷Ůӡ

337 δ

ã߹صķȴĴ˵ա
һ˫ʲôվδǸ߸ߵĳǽѰҵ˼ҹŮˡ
ʱƺľͷһĨӰ˵֮С
紵ǧ׷Ʈţǰ¸ӳ˵С
ɫڷĵϣһһ˫֮ȴһƬ
ɳǽµЦţһĵЦݡ
ˡ
лǻʱ޿ֳ̲ĵӰӣϲŭ֣ļթڣһһôʵһԶߡ
ÿҹλ֮ʣģֻҪҪıڻУ˵ô˼֮ʱеӰɢ
ʱʱ䣬һμ˷ġ
ųǽһӰİЦţͬѰɷ򿴵Լδһ㡣
£׷
ĻǸģδ
ʱδ棬ˡ
һ仰еУͬʱҲѹţѹһ˼ɵİ಻ұ˼
ŨңŨҵÿһÿһĸܵİݶԷĵİ
ǣְڷȷʵõĴڡ
Ѫɫ˫ųǽ֮µˣһɫף߹аһеĴﶼ޷
̤ǽϵһ̿ʼ̤߹ؿʼ뿪޼ɽʼֻǴ˼׹һ쿪ʼ
ǰ˱Ѿİˡ
İݣ
Ǻǣ
ˣÿ˵֣վʹԴԴϵϮ
ʹʱ޿̲ŷģʹݺޣıǸ˴͸ġ
ҸˣĺˣһһеĸԴһһеĻ˶Ϊнİݵˡ
ôЦ
ڵǽ֮ǰҲǧǸط֮ʱĳ档
ΪԼ޵òѣĿǸ˵ʱֳƽԼҲδ
Ҳ˼֮֮еһݺ޳˰Ī֮⣬Ҳûˡ
Ѫɫڽİݵϣģģġ
һʱһټڷеֻкޣֹĺˡ
İϤİصڶߣصÿһ˵ĶϣһΪŤڽİݿ쳣ȻȻǰǧ긮ʱǧ꣬Ļķˡ
˭֪ǽİݻǷģ˶Ѿزȥˡ
ĽİǽĻʵۣ֮ϵףɱȨݺ֮䡣
ķǹޣ̤ɽҲҪȫնɱ¡
֮ΨһĽֻкˡ
ƫƫİ˫¶İŨţΪǽӷĻؼҵķ
ʱϴˡ
ˣӷĵĿлһһ䶼͸űĺ⡣
ͬĸ˵ĸоһ㣬顣
ԽˣԽ˽ӵڻУԼ¶ȽǱŮڻ
߸ߵĳǽ֮ϣһϮ°׷Ʈһ˫۹ӳ֮Եôȡ
ɴʱ˿̵ķȴôģͺƾβһ˲Ծر޷԰Ρ
Ϊôϴأҵʱ䣬Ϊʱ޿̲ŷˣ֪ǷҲΪ򡣡
ᣬЦ⣬˫С
Դӷĳֵһ̣İݵĿפͣϣƿ
ȵĿ·һУƫƫŮеĺ
İݿеĻõĴʾ䣬־䶼ڸˣͷ֮Ĺϵ
ǲ֪ˣȻΪʵһغӹĺ÷
ȴʮֵĲпġ
ǲΪİݣҲʹ࣬Ϊĺҵ꣬Ϊӵʧȥʹһ޷Խ
񣬽İȴһʲô鶼ûзı飬Ц˵һˡ

ظŽİݿеôʣЦţЦ۽쵽˴ߣƺЦЦһ
Ӧһ飬ǰķˣ˼֮¡
һһŽİݣʱѾǰǸ׳ˡ
֮ǰѾˣĳ׵ף˼֮»ҷˡ
ֻΪ
ģ˵ٶҲˡ
ʱ»ӵĻӦüǵǰ˼֮ϣһ֧ɱǧˣҲɱǧ˸лδ͵̥
˵ţǹڴϵЦŨ˼֣ǰһҲ֮ƮšڷߵƥҰŭŽİݣκξٶǾԻڵһʱȥҧ

338 ϲЦ

ڤȻǣ׷ˣڷϵˣһеױǰˡ
׵ضŽİݣĳŭΪŨš
վڳǽ֮ϵķĸųǽ׵Ľİݣǵе밮⣬ֻöġ
ǰжôİ׳գν鰮Ϊӹ׵ԡͷԣڿʱ࣬У˵š
ǿЦΪǸ˷ܲҲĸԸ
룬ʱһͷβɵơ
³һѪɫ΢΢̧ӳӷ·Ѫһ㡣
ϲЦ˾Ϊǰôǰء
İſǰҪһĿ
еӳŷĵӰӣ°׷˫Ѫɫӣ۵׳İ˿ûм٣֮Ũ˼֡
ĵ̰ᣬƺ޲ýеİġ
ǰ֮ʱ㱻㱻Ψзһ˵ӰӣӡУӡУӡÿһ档
˷ǣ˻ǵ֮ˣȴѾǵʱġ
ǽİݻǷģ˶ףûκοһˡ
һλĿıҪɱ˽İݣ֮İֳü
һΪķˣǡ

νĴЦ
Цų֮⡣
ʱϲЦ֮û˹ϵеĻʱҲֻǰ򣬶ˣ֪ǰʲô˼ô
İѪƺŽİǰֵ˼ɲȽİݿ˵ʲôһ˵бλá
ǰ򣬱ҶҪġͷʱĪҪἰǰµѰˡ
ˣ˵ֻΪҲֻΪһˣֺѰˡ
ʼգİеЦⶼŵģ˵Ѱ֮ʱ۵һĨ֮ɫֶ
Ǻǣ治֪˭˽ʱ͵š
һǰһѪеĹâţһһĻص֮䣬صİݵĶС
ǧ֣ҷһϲĿΪҷݿΪҷһкͽʱûκιϵ
ĵʱؼ˼žֻʣǲŻɳķ紵ڶߡ
Ǹղ˵ʲô
ϲĻĿԳΪĵķϲĻҲԳΪĵķ
ҵѽ
ѵ˵ҪȢô
ȻΪ˵һ飬Щطϰ׼һŮڵġ
ͺñȴĮ˻Ů˶һ޻һ޶ֻҪܹӻ߷ôӶٷѡ
һ˵ĿݺͽİݶǻС
Ŷ
ԭˣ
ֲãĽôһ˵Ҳԭ
˵ǰүݾͺͷĹϵʱΪʵ۵Ĵڣ˲ûнһķչ
Ҳ׵ظˣĵǺһĻҲᱻ˼ˡ
֮Դӷ߾֮үʱ޿̲ң˿ݶԷĻ顣
Ȼ˷ķ˵ЩΪˡ
˵Ȣ˹ĺݵĻ˭˭С
һǸһƴĺĸ̣˳ÿԷᡣ
һսպյүȻһЩɶԷҲʵ⡣
ôˣСһ⣬Ͼ˭Ҳ¡
ݺ͹֮⣬ʱҲеģһúĺҺһֱΧڷĵߡ
ֻҪϹӣһ֮ľٶ쳣Ȼʲôɸ˵ܡ
˵ˣĺڷеλÿɲһܹģһĺҳʮƵ˾߰ңζʲô˵Ȼס

һǹģһݣһĺҳʮƵˡ
ĵǰĽʵ۽İݾڳǽ֮£ᷢôʵһĻĽڴ
Ƿǰ˳ûҲǸǵ
ϻǷǰ˵һôϷ콭һۣʮ˼й۲ŽİݣһǷֹԷľٶһо߾ôһˣ˵ķ֮

339 Ȣһɱһ

İݣĻʵۡ
֮ϵףɱȨ
ȴĳ֮£ǰĿ⿴ǳǽϵİ°׷Ůӣһһ˲䷳
֮󣬽İ˫еЦݸһ֣˵ĻŰԵѪȵɱ⡣
Ļʺ֮λԾΪ˱ţʣΪĻʺӭȢˣΪ᲻˵ġ
֮⣬ֻҪĸ˵ľٶȢһɱһˡ
֪Դӽʼ󹬱һֱ
سϸָŮ󹬣ʺ֮λȴʼտȱš
ɵ˶ףǻʺ֮λǸŵģɷѾˣһ֮ûлʺɺͳ
ȫȫû뵽Ļţĳǰ
ǰѾˣôߵ˼ȥûĿԣΪʲôŮ˻ܻʵ˲⡣
ʱ¸߲˺ûϵֻҪҸ˾ͺˡ
ĵǱģԽİݵʱ۵ѹų޵
һٵĸԼҪ̣ڻʱҪĲǽİݵҪİںһжΪС
ˣ֪ʱ¿ϲǷԪ岻ǿθˣʱһķϾϲ뽪ʱϲء
ةԪ壬ѾΪһͷβķˣȥ֫Ԫͻ˽
˵һУԪ˵ǽѣҪԪš
Ҫ˼İݵȻˣŭЦЦͳİҪеᶼһ˵İ
͵ΪȻϲΪҲͷһ
İݴһӣʾ⽪Į˾ˡ
޿ͣһսԼڲ벽˰Ӽ
ʲô
û
ǽǴĮ˾׼سǵʿǣ˭Ҳ뵽İݾȻ˵һ
ۿ߾ĳŽǰʮ˴ֻҪȥһʱԹ߾
ֻҪ߾ˣ֮󹥴̽ȡһɡ
񣬵ߵķ⾹ȻˣʱʲôĪֻΪһģҪôõĻᣬֵãֵð
£򲻿ɣǳؾǰֻҪĩʱʱ䣬ȻὫŹơ
ô
ǽ˵껰һص֮ǰĵ׺ⲻϵӿš
ǽſˮͨһڵϣš
ĩУ˵˴˷ˡ
ڵϲϵؿͷֻİһΡ
ɱ
ǣ¡
һ£ĽֱѾעˡ
˵һ仰˴˵³˿ǿŹڵϵͷٶĲҲҿ棬Ͼûͷء
ˣΪ
֮ʱһ̬ȣԷ֮ʱһ̬ȡ
ΪһģǰδУԺҲᷢ
ǱŮˣһҵľΪ飬ضж£վڳǽϵİ°׷ķĸûκα飬ʼնһԹһС
ˣɳ˷ĵϡ
ʱվһԵĺӻмһزŷİ׷ϵĻɳ
ɳ󣬷۵ĻȥϢɣĪҪ˷顣
ϸĵĲŷĵİ׷Ǿֹᣬٶÿһóǽ֮µĽİһ֡
ͷӪϢ
ˣһս
İݵĵһжʡ
ȥ÷뿪Ϊá
ˣ
ڷתȥһ˲䣬İݵֹס˷ĵĽŲ
ǰΪûס㣬ӽտʼΪ򲻻ٷһˡ
ǰ׹µһþеǰȥҪסԽ׹˫֡
һжģֻĿŷһһǰֱʧ
˼֮¿Ѱ꣬ҲĵӰӡ
ԽҲʬ壬еϣԽŨţĻš
ǰ
ǿǿŮ˲׵뿪ʱ䡣
ˣ֮Ľһμ˷ġ
°׷ΣۺΣҪɱԼΣֻҪĻš
ֻҪ֪Ļžͺá
ġ
ǰһΣһꡣ
ʱգħѣҲԲڷſ֡
ģֻһ˵Ůˡǽ֮ϣûлعȥİݣȴǻָ֣

340 ү˵ʲô

Įͽ˾ˣδ߾
ľԾɱŽ䱸֮ģԷֹͻȻ롣
ɫڱ߹أҹɫͬĴʱһ㣬ЩҲЩ޷Ŀհס
Żɳķ紵գŷ΢͸ɳϢĻ֣Ҫ¹֮С
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֪ʱڷߣߴӰڵסɫҲͬĽСӰӰ֮¡
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֣żӵ˫ֽıУҪĵ¶ȥůȷĵ⡣
뽪İݣô
ݵĻصڷĶߣȻûпڻش𣬿ҲĬ
ȷȷʵʵ˼հ顣
һĨԳЦ⸡ڴǣ̧ͷɫѪӳԣʲôתš
û뵽ټ֮ʱһֵƽ
źޣź⣬ɾԼ뵽һμİݵʱֵ̬ȾȻ㡣
ΪԼų𵶳ȥյĽȴо⡣
Ǻްɣɰ˺֮
ġ
ͻȻŷĵ֣һ˫Ӳٱ鲼ź˪ڿŷĵʱжһ飬ڿİŮ֮ʱе顣
Ȣ㡣
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֪˵ĻЦ֮ԣȷȷʵʵй˼¶
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ǰĳһ쿪ʼͰ˷ġ
һñеˣڼϲҲֻñķʽԼУƫƫʵ䷴
ǰ֣ԼڳЦԼ
Ҫĵע⣬ȴǵըëԽˣԽϲʱģ
֤ǴڷĵУһ·ˡ
㻹ǵöǰʹǰǼô
ݵĻأģͳԵǰڶǻʹǰһĻ
˷ĵ⣬ŮҪ
ԷĴ˼׹֮һĻĻǲϵػصС
һĻᣬԾɻѡԵ⣬ԾɻῴŷһҪı顣
ʱ޿̲ţ޵ʱ޸˱ֻôĳء
ү㲻ˡ
һǸ׵Ļ˵һ仰Щԡ
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֪˵࣬㣬˴ǰ飬һ겻Ǿʮ꣬ʮ겻ǾͰ꣬һֱߡ
ݲɵӣ˽һĻĻĻ˺˼
ȥὪİ˵ģлŶǸ˵С
򣬳֮ǰҲ˵һ
˶óֻǷĲȥϣźޣ޷Խĺޡ
ʲôԵȡ
˵һһ겻Ǿ͵ʮ꣬ʮ겻Ǿ͵һ꣬һ겻Ǳ
ǰΪһҪΪԼ
һ꣬ʮ꣬꣬ү֪νĳŵֵǮĶҲ翵Ķô
ʱ䣬üȴץš
ת˲ţ׺ɣ
˶ʱƵУ˭Ҳ޷ѡ
ݿԵһ꣬ʮ꣬꣬أ
ʱ˵ǱģҲ޵ġ
ǣŮ֮УҲȥ˺κˣκˡ
үĺˣݵһҪ飬ڱĴδǡ
ԼԼ·;˵еĹֺͣαȥΪԼĹϵǣ
үֻǴҴҹͣվҪɢġ
ԾڴˣҪ˼Ѿˡ
ֻѣޡ
תҪߣȴץס
дһһƤվȲǱġ
Ƭ֮ݻڡ
Ȼ㲻Ը޸Ȣ˱ǡ

һ仰ҲƬ̣ڰпϷʮˡ
ҵøﰡ
ʲô
ݣսүȻҪΪˡ
ҵ찡
Ϣǲе̫ˡ
Ϲ˶ٴιĺ˭˭С⣬ɵİڷǰʱʮֻܹҵøף

341 İݳھӪ

ɫԲ
΢¹ڷĺݶ˵ϡ
ӳԵɫĸݣ˫ӣһĨЦ⻺ĸ˴ǡ
үϲЦɫˣȥϢˡ
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һѾʧ˵ӰɬЦݹݵĴ֮ϡ
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ˣһֱףİʼնڷĵ
ɻǾ仰϶˵Բ
ǰĴںꡣ
һΣ֪֣ҲҪΪԼŬһѡ
ҹɫ뿪˳ţһڰпϷʮ˻δعһڵ˼ʲô
վүͷ㿴үǷģǰϲôĵ˳˱֮ⲻˡ
콭ѡݺͷһ˻Լһ£ǵ˱ӷ׷ס
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ƶɮýʵ۲һƲ磬Ҳˣܿóʵۿʱжôĳȡ
һ仰ԭսĺݵ콭Ҳɫ
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ЩҪģΪҪǽİڿ֮ʱ͸¶ȫȫһ̬
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ҽİݸûԾĺޣ֮һһ˽ţʵλʵ۵Ƥһ̶ȡ
֪Ϊʲôƶɮһֵֺĸоİݲס׵뿪߾
һеĴԼĸоָоԽŨš
һôƵĸооǸĵ̣ǽʵͨҲö֮ĳӪУзݵصı¡
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ô˵ɺлǸоЩס
ʱ뿪ǽķĻӪ֮УƵ֮£âڷĵϣڰеǵӰǰͲסˡ
ˣòˣΪ򡣡
һ𣬽ӶһӰ
ǺӰΪٵѹƶѹ֮ϣ籩һǲϵ£ÿһ˵Žİ֮ʱ޿̵˼
İݽĽؽѹ֮ϣãȵ˫ϵ̰ȡţһʼĻǵֿţӰƽɽİš
еעŽߵӣ΢֮У˵޵
İҲŮӵǼĿҲᣬһһģһŷĵĴǣϧ⣬̰ţţһŷա
ˣΪ㡣
һ˫ֲϵҶϣָƹϵİУȵγԱȵǷĺ¶ȵļĴ̹ǣýİۡ
ꡪ
Ȼ䣬һ
дƤеذ׺ݺû˽İݵĸ
Ѫ˳ذմȾĽ׵֮ϣһȾĺ컨š
һذ״븹Ľİݲδ㣬֪ذ׻ȥɻɷ
Ƿ˷ĵġ
֪˻Ϊ򡣡
İǣŷմȾѪɫ˫ַڴţɼԼѪҺ޷˫֡
еźе⣬İԾŷĵָ⣬űǴԵͳĻ˵ŷĻ
ǲˣذױ̴࣬Ǹ
ذ׽ûء
ʣĻˡ
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Ĵӽİݵг֣ϲ˲䡣
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Ծɱİѹµķż⣬Ķ˵ԭΪΣһһ䣬һѰѷذ׺ݺݵظŽİݵࡣ
ģҪġ
Ǵλô̴ҵ壬Ҹлδ͵ĺӾôûˣһȫǰءһĨЦ⸡УУἰ֮£ҲýİеĻŨһ㡣

342 Ƿҵ

ϲİʹ飬ƽĺ⡣
ôܡ
Źİݵġ
մѪָظŽİݵգĻĽա
İݣ֪ǰ߾֮ʱѰģҷ˶ѣÿһʬ壬ÿһζǲ㣬ҵĵء
ЦŨš
Žż⣬˫ֹסİݵļƴǰһ㣬ֲǴǰ
ﵭģأģĽǰ߹顣
ÿһ˵ôĵȻһоǼһزŽİݡ
ʵһ˴ǰ߾عĴӪ˵ɱˣʱҵ֤һ𰸡
ʱ֤һ𰸣Ǵӡ֤һ׳յʵ
ͷβİ׳գ˴ʼնڹеӡ
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Ѫ˿ϲϵӿѪζڿ֮С
ͷŵЦ˺ǣûа¶ȡ
֪ô˼׹֮ȫľ͹ͷˣǽīңͳΪһˡ
һһ䣬뽪İݵĶУĲδֹ֮ͣŨš
ʱ޿̻ʹ֮Уϳܵʹ࣬ܵʹ࣬ÿÿ뵽Ҹ磬뵽ҵĺӣһǰ˹
ˡ
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Ļصþȥֲ
ΪΪؼҡ
ңʱµĻҲʲô˼ʲôطʲôǼң
İݵĻ÷ĿЦ˫һƣİƿ
ʱӪӱÿ
һˮǰӽİߡ
Ѫķ֮ʣһ˫ӼΡ
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ڷĵ࣬šеľϺ˵ѪϸϸĲŸɾýİ۵׺âֶ
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ûлӦվֱɺһɾİ¡
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ΪĲɾϵѪһɾ·֮󣬺ƵһԣʼձźƵЦݡ
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ûзܽ룬ŵӿŴ뽪İݸذףЦ
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ҪϢˣʱ롣
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֪ǰ˲ǣ֪֮ϵףǽĻʵۡ
ΣʮҲѰ֮޷Ǿһѡ
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£İ뿪Ӫʣڴϵķ˫ȭ߬űӣѪеĺ޿ɶƵıŷš
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Цţһ˫ŵӼ嵭֮⣬Ϊǰǽ˵׶η塣
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343 

вô
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ñɱ⣬񣬱ֳľֹδκβ֮⡣
ʱ˵Цˣ²ǷСС̴Ӷѣвʱ¡
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˹Ĳ˵ݣ˽Ļʵ۽İݡ
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Ȳ˵Ժ˭ڷߣ˵κһ˶ǺöԸĽɫٶɾǸԼܰ
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ҵúİ˷ϾôҲûԱġ
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ա
𴲣ϵĿ⣬˿ԼϴţҲûʲô֮
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ġ㡭ǲǻ
ʱ޿̲ɱǱ
ԣһûд뽪İУҪһһĥŽİݡ

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Щھ˵˳Ҳ޲ֻеѾͷԼˣԼġ
ǺޣΪа
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˾ӪʵĳУ³һЩˡ
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壬Һ档
á
һֱڷߣĺ棬ߦƤ
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¹ɱɱ˺ӲеˣʱŵܵóȥץҰӣŶһ١
Ƕʱ䣬ί֮УΪչ˵ܵãΪ峤֮ӵڴ֣͵ԣֻΪõܹܵš
˭֪¹ʿջǷǣԵܵõвӲ忴صıء
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գۿܵòڳ¹ʿĵ£Ҳ¹ʿץסˡ
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344 սһ

ӲΡ
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ѹеĺȫ޻ϣһܸ˾š
һŵ˫¸ֳһĨЦݡ
һһĺ֮˰ɡ
پ֮Уѡ˺ߣ˵
ֽһöõĽӷһԣ֣ḧźգָ¶ȣȴںзһĲ
˶Լľһ˾񣬱ҪӦܵĺκ˶ǡ
⻰ƺڿź壬ҲƺΪԼ˵
¼õ־ˡ
ǣˡ
ϼ۵İɫЦͬһ㣬ߦŽƤ
⣬һ³ݣӨųһš
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Өϱڸɶ
һһӨϱĽţǵøӨۡ

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ǹɵڵϹһȦֹ˸Өߣһ顣
ӨϱǵڸʲôΪɶһҪƵġ
ȸӨ˵ʲôһ߿˼֭ĺࡣ
ӨˣһˣүӱϷ˵ǰͷ˽ϰף˵үҪעԼݲǡ
˵ЦˣȻϰףҲӦ֪үֻǺҽʦ
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콭˳סĺУζӦǲģҪȻͺ¿Ҳ˵ı顣
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ӳʱ򣬳ѾγӪ
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ӣӰĽֻܳԡ
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ѾͷϷŮ
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С࣬ıߵأ
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ǣ
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345 û

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ƶɮ㣬ȻʩѡӪʩΪ֮ǡ
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ϵ˷׷ױԼԺĲܣǱضܾϣֱ
Ǳ˹һЩÿһЩҧĽһЩʲô˲ġޣ
ҹһ˶Ӫǰıżģ˲ֱӣǰڷһ룬һģһ
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˵һɵӣӨẫеɫת뿪ȥֻǽʧıӰںвϵĸš
һ裬ʲôȴԸӨ֣Щ͸ĸ㣬¶ȻںУþòɢ֮ԽŨ
Űڷǰֲ̣ڵĴֽһҧһڣϢ˲Ҳδо˵ů
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콭һ˸ӿźıӰһ㿴ҿ㣬׷̾һ
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Ȼɽ£ճϢӺͺЦϵػصǰ
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˲δģϾԷǽİݣ˵׼ˣʲôֶͻȻϮһֲ
һҹɫǽ֮ϣڳǽϿźڰͷǵĹâ
ǣӦþǽľӪˡ
Ǵʱȥɱ˽İݣǷƽϢеĳˣ
һһԼ
ÿÿеĺⷭӿ֮ʱֻԼ
ڽİ˵ֻǽѣҪǸܣԼܵĿ
࣬վߣ˳ǵ߿ŽӪķ
磬档
Żɳķ͸ЩζƮϣƮڰ׷ϡ
֣ķȥĳϵĻɳǾٶ˵ᣬ¶һֱŪ˷ġ
ģڿʲô
֪ڿӪķȴҪһ䣬ֻһĵ
Ҳ֪Լڿʲô
Ц⣬˫ɫС
Į
ﴵųϸ˿İƯǰ磬͸һ˿˿İɫޱߵĺڰıϡ
еô
ӣУȱƬ̡
ֻҪĿڣϵݶ뾡취ժ
֮󣬵»صߵʱжһöͨĵӡ
Ӫûиõĵˡ
ͺá
Ĵùӣǵ͸ľʵһѣΪҲǲһֹĮĿտ֮С
һζεصҹɫУڳǽϴŵӡ
ݿڳǽߣĿǷĵӰӡ
Ϥ
ݲ֪Ӻδ
Ȼ֪ɽʲô֣ɴܸܵõĵ֮ÿһڵתеļ¶Ҳתš
֪ãɲǣֻǰ㡣ȵݻعʱ򣬵ֹͣ

346 ֮¼

ٲ֪⣬ˡ
ܾǰ˵Ļ
ʱδ仰˼
Ķˡ
鰮Ȼ綾ҩһ㲻
ʦҲһ˺ܶ飬ŻϲһײӰɡ
۷ʲô飬ߡ
һ֮ݻصʵ
ŴӷϱŷĹµįǰһ˫쵽˰УҪӵڻԼ¶ůǱġ
ɵֵһ̣ȥվеĵ˳ǽ
֪ĵٶ⻹⣬ݽջ˫֣ɬЦռۡ
ҹˣȥϢɡ
үҲϢɡ
á
һ֣̫ิӵ
ڿŷĵʱȻѰ֮ʱıںµʱ޿̲йԼĸ顣
˶ܿϲģƫƫȴһС
֪ʼն֪ǸнİݵԾͣڷĵܹ
жޣʹжమ
ĽİݣĺĽ
ɬЦԽŨţ³һڻ֮漴еɫɨ⡣
ݡ
үʱ䵽԰ķϡ
ŷģǰβٷ֣㽪ʵΡ
һ׵תʧںڰ֮УһӰһС
ҹɫ֮УݺͷĻص˸ԵӪУⲻ֪֮£һɫӰڳǽԵ޳ָḧһֻӵĵӡ
ˣ㻹ǵãΪ֪һǵá
ϤѾɢȴڽİݵĶлصš
ÿһɶǰϤ֤ͷ֮ĵεΡ
ļǵãʹ֮еŹݵŮӣļǵóǳųࡣʵŮӣļǵŮӡ
ÿһ棬ÿһÿһϸǵС
ĵЦĵĿգĵİĵǵá
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ϥڵϣѾͣã¸˿ѪҪʱҡҲȥˡ
֪һУ֪ôĿʹ٣Ů˻᲻еĳޡ
ʲô
ա
峿ӪĺŽ죬˵սÿһʿ񾭡
Įսһ
˲ǣİԴȴһֱڳٳٲҲûʲôٶ
ˣֻΪһδˡ
ˣɫֻǣһǧ֮ǰ
°׷Ĺ죬βһ㣬ֻһۣһħ޷뿪ߡ
Ѫɫӳ⣬ڽİݵϡ
ڷĿŽİݵͬʱ˫еҲӭĮ֮⣬ůЦš
ҹɻ˯
»úúõģôᰲ˯ء
֮⣬Żᰲġ
˵ЦˣΪ͸һġ
İݴһӣսǰʥּһǽʥּһʥּ
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ʥּϵݣһһĻص˶ߡ
ⱬըԵϢ˲ʿը˹
ʲô˼
ʲôͽѾǩսԼ֮ڻ
һһֲ˼ǶǽЩֶ˼˷ѽˡ
Ȳ˵˵Ľ
̶̵֮󣬽Ѹ͵ٶ̱˳¹عιǿĽȻһıǧ꣬վһ֮ĹҴĮԽ׳ƳΪ˸߹ֻʣǿĴţ֪Ŀǰս˵дɽ֮Ҳᱻ
ʧʷϡ
񣬽Ļʵ۾Ȼǩ˰겻սԼַԭֻΪһŮˡ
ʵЩ˼
ǽʿʿ߷׷ڷĵϡ
Ȼ˽ʵ͸ĵʲôǲЩ̫ˡ
ּ⣬ʺȻǽ˹
ȵȡ
ʺʲôʺ󣬷ô
У
⽪ĻʵǲǱˣ˵ˣʲôϷ
ˣϲΪ
İЦţЦᡣ
ֻΪһŮˣ㽫һ͸
ֻΪһģĶˡ
֮վڳǽϵķЦţڴϵЦ飬ȴƫһ˿Ȼġʱ¿ɻǵ÷ɽ֮ʱӦҵһκһ

347 Ůװֽ

ɽϷ飬ǶԷĻǽİݣ˭Ҳ
ֻͬһȴֲͬӡ
ĲһεڷɽǼ鷢֮ϸѲһЩϸСϸڣȻֵᷢĶߡ
ʵȴԶ˹İݵһУϢƿˡ
ʱɵÿˡ
һĨԳЦ⸡ڴǣһ˫Ѫɫӿųǽ֮ϵĽİݣ˵շɽϷ顣
ȻǵãһΪļС
İݵȻǵãΪһУôǣʱ޿̲Уĵףÿÿ¾Ρ
ʲôҪ󾡹˵ǣϵΪ򶼻ժ
İЦţʼЦôᣬ֮ĳǰǧ긮ľǧڿǧ˷֮ʱı顣
˶ˣһиزԶ㡣
ı°׷˲˹ӣİҲΪ֮ϵĽʵۡ
񣬷ĻĿΪ˱Ϊ˵֮£Ϊ˶ȡʵ۵
Ȼ󣬽İݾȻһ˵ӦκεϵǶժ͸
ʿǽĮ˾˵ڽİݺϷĵǻУǷĵĻԻȡ˽İͷƽеĺ
ʵȴһ㡣
ǽ֮ϣĮһƬķĻ̧֣عһƳ
֮£ɫķ˿ҫŹâ쳣ޡ
ʱ˵ЦˣҲϡϵǣҵҪܼ򵥡
˵°Σƺ˲룬ĵʲô
ʱһسŵ֮ˣǱ㴩Ůװǰˡ
ɣ轪İݡ
İݣý֮ϵףľһ仰ԾϵĴڡ
ɷĵҪ󲢲еҪİݵһʵ۰Ůӣ⡭们
ôŽʱ²˵κܴӦңҪô
Ѫɫ˫мƵζҪİݾν⡣
ڴŮװûйϵĿѾﵽˣ轪İݣ˶ѡ
˭֪ǽ֮һ׵ȷʵͷӦʡ
ԵƬ̣Ϊȥȥ
£İת뿪ҲŽİ뿪ԶԶĿţǾԵƬΪȥȥľ˼ʲô
ǡ
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ãһߴӰ˵С
ǰƮţһͷīɫĳɢīɫĹӳǰԶԶȥһžԣ˸ߴľŮ
֮£ǲŷһϮ³ġŮǵ񽪹Ļʵ۽İݻ˭
˵ʵǲǷˣһ֮Ȼʮ˵ǰŮװ磬ѵΪĵһ仰ô
˿ϲûзΪΪװױݣܾȱЩʲô
һŮװĽİ̧ͷЦŷģû֪ôŪŮװģҲû֪һ֮Ϊ˵ʹ˴벻
Ǻǣ»һԼȳ׷Ҳ˵˵Цˡ
Ŀڽİϣ۵ƺֳһĨѰĻ䣬һתɢˡ
ǽ£İݲδһЦŭ֮ڴԼһŮװĲ֮
Ϊ򻹼ǵõץɻ飬ʱΪүһͬŮװǷΪҶװ硣
УˣŮװսүҲŮװ
һ仰׵׵ĽһԿϷˮʹ˵Ŀݵϡ
ԭˣԭүҲְá
ǳ˻棬ЩƫԶСɽϰոȲˡ
ˣǰΪץɻһЩʲôŮװ磬Ϊʤһ
һ⣬еԼŮװһôɳܵ飬֮ŵΪյװҪȽİࡣ
үǰЦ޺ʱ֪үŮװʱȵĹޣ÷һ
İݽѡȨ˷ģʮʿǽڷĵϡ
ˢˢĿڷĵ֮ʱֻһϮ°׷Ů֮Ũš
İвҲˣôҲŷ롣
Ǳ˭ŮװƯʱôڵص㲻˭ŮװƯص轪İݡ

348 үǲǸص

ǽϣһ
ǽ£һŮװĽİĿŷġ
վڷߵۺ˪еڿŷĵʱǰ͡
ϹӶܿó֮Ĺϵһ㣬ôһѰζˡ
ʱԶ콥ĻԭƵ˲䱻һƬɳڸš
ĻɳƮɢţա
ɳ֮ϯһսĶ֮½ˡ
ŮװĽİݴ콪Į˾ȥ֮ǰ˵һĲġ
ͻȻٵɳϯ߹ҹ
ӪУİ˯Ͽе鼮Ӫķţǧֻһ㡣
糿ûʲôԵɡ
ûʲôθڡ
ɫЩ԰ףҲʹ亹ֱ
úǵķĵ壬ֲҽʦ޷Ůʹ
һЩůůθΪһࡣ
ްȥɣһһᡣ
ϵ˺ˣϵĽ͹ͷµźϣڵʹĥ
һ޷ݵʹһҪĸݵĻֻ
˿˵ʹҩ⣬ڵʹֻŰȥ
ң൱⡣
ʹĥ˯ţҲ޷רĿ飬ֻתȥһš
δ뿪ӪʵĺһֱڷĵߣҪæҲﲻϣֻĿŷıʹĥš
һߵӪУ콭ϾСž죬ž˵˷ĵ⡣
ӽ쿪ʼ죬ǾԲǷҪȻ֪ôġ
ͬ⣬Ůµʱ򣬶һǷ
ȫͬ⡣
콭˫˫޳ɣʱ棬ľ൱һ⬣һ˿˿˳ĵ飬ͻѡ
ǰǲŮʱıжôǿڸոճΪǶʱ䣬ڱԵϷ˷ļ䣬ɹҪƾȫʬ޴ˡ
ӿֲĻлع콭ȫҪ
ɲھôֲһĻԽУԶжԶ
кҲеϵȻ˵ûᣬɻ콭ǸѾ˱ˡ
ݵ֮һͬ˿
Ǳʱ棬ԲֱӺͼӵĳͻͬʱҲҪעκεĦùĻǡ
ڶһŮ˵ֱĥıһеһԱ
۵ҪȫȽ棬ݵĸо鼰ȫ
ſڴϣš
ֻҹɫǰ졣
ʱһӰڷĵ࣬ڴߣһ˫ȵĴŷĵĸᣬöһŪʹ
˵ˣŮڵʱҲҪ߶һѪ˳һЩ㲻̫ۡ
Ҫеİһˣϧš
ԭ˫ķ˫ۣųǰİӣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ʲôʱġ
ã˵
ĵ᲻ڵıԼԷĵİ
ȵĵŷĵĸһһ£һһ£䷳š
źЩô
š
ĸһůů¶룬˫΢ŵüƽŹģм⡣
߹Ҳûʲô¶ˣֺ뵣ҲԶ߹ء
˭Ƿأ˾˯ɣߡ
ĵأģŷĵĸͳԵĻŷ˯
ǽ˫ȳ˵ŮӣеЦ쵽˴ǡ
ΪǷģһҪŵŮӡ
Ϊ㣬ԸһУֻҪ㰲
񣬽İݾ߹أôĵء
˵˽Ҳã˵Ҳգ÷ļİݣǶ̶̵һ˲Ҳ롣
ΪףİԾڷĵߣôôҲ޷λá
ݣ߹ĵÿһ˶֪ĵӡ
Ĳˣ֣Ǻ޵˼£Ҳǰһ֡
ɲ
Բ÷»صİߡ
Բܣ
ڷĹƺᶨʲôһԵĻ˫ۣأǸֳһĨ޵Ц⡣
աͣսǩ˰껥Լҵڶ峿֮ʱ߾ʿʥּʥּϵݺ˵һģһ

349 λʦ

һڽʿԭΪֻһЦû뵽Ȼġ
ʵ۾ȻĻΪ˷ķ
ộ˵õĽ
Ա˵ƽ꣬ʿимŷġ
֮ʥּһֵͬĻһ뺯
뺯ԴĮľ֮֡
Ŀ뺯дݣ԰׵΢΢ü
ѾͷĮˣʲôֶˣ
Ͽһ뺯ϵּȻûô壬ȴɽͼƬ֡
ɽͼ˵ҪõıֻҪɽͼѰҵǧ֮ǰʵıأ޾ıء
ɣһ޴ջ
ǣԷǴĮˣÿһɶǵôĮعôƭһݳӡǵԺ֮С
񣬴Įľ뺯ģǰĮμʲôᣬһ˵¹ɽͼǺǣ˭ɵôһ֪жȻթ
ѾͷľǳѾͷȻ׼ȥ
϶϶ľթǰĮѰɽͼͷ
δء
е뺯ϣİѪɫ˫
ûֲö֪ľдȴа˳ġ
ǰľ˵һһҲˡ
嫺ͽİϣҪԾɱľӶĮĹϵѣˣڴĮŮԼ̳үҲҪȥľ
ľɵɵڻ֮ʱģģʲô嫵Ŀģ֮ʱŻ˵һ
վľûнҴ嫡
һ뺯ƽ棬м͸©ʮˣҪľϾҲ嫡
ȵ߹ػɳȥǰĮ
һ仰һУûܹıԸ
ʮ㿴ҿ㣬Ƿĵ˵ʲôʲô
ϲǣľϵš
Ϸͬ⣬ɽͼ鶨ȻǴĮ˱壬ϷȻӵġ
֪ˣʮɲĸڤƥ͵Ұǣ¡
߹ȻΣգվķΧڣǷʲôܼʱĸϵ
ɴĮȫȫһİĹȣǷʲôԤ飬Ҳ޷ʱĸϵĵߡ
˭֪ɽͼĲƬǲǽİݵı֮ͬǰĮǴʬ߹ȥ
ǰһֱڻĻԲ÷ʧ꣬ʹ
˾ǿģҲˣڵԼԼ¶
ɴĮǱҪȥģʹ˼ΣյĵطһĮѡ
ϷıɣҪǰĮĻҺүͬңκΣյġ
ȷĿ˵һ仰һݳš
⻰˼Щ⣬ôһɷͷ
ϸϸƷζϢŨˡ
ҲҪѾͷô
Ż׵üͷйĺͬУҲġ
ȵȡ
عζ´Źĺݶˣڹ˵үͬ仰ʱݲδֳκβûбָ˷ѽ⡣
˵仰֮ʱ񡭡ķݰг̡
ԭˣ
ֱһ׹ˣֲأֲĺСӹĺʲô
ڿȻ֪˵ݼʲôбضǹڷĵĻ⡣
ʲô
ŲˮķһĿ˷׷ͶĿ⣬ʲôԾĵطô
вôһôˡ
ʦ
ˣ̲סпڡ
ʲô¶
ǸӦôƺ˼Ҽү
ôƺ˼Ҽү
ʲô˼
ݣǲϲĻֱͿˣ⻹Ҫô
ôƺôƺ仰ֻڸҪôƺĺȫƾͺãǸ˽һ˼Ҽүǲ˵Ļл˵ҲУҪܱĺֻҪ
Ϳˡ
ɷĵĻһ˼
Ŷͽˣλʦԣʦ
ۡһڲˮδȥķ˳ںͶÿ죬ҪȻ׼һˮ

350 һ²Ϊ

ʦʦ
ʲôƺ
ҽʲô
ķеĲ豭Ѫɫ˫ŭйĺʲô⣬ʦʦ
ʦͽеˡ
ѹûס۵׵ūŭݣֻĺ˵ݡ
˭Ǵʦ˭Ƕʦ
о仰˲Ĭ
ĺ˭˭Сһ޽ѡⰡ
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Ҳ۹⣬Ҫ°˵Ļ곤Ϊ
ɹΪ˼ҼȻͬ⡣
շ˵ʱ˵ǹ˼ҼԷ飬үں󣬿ǹ˼ҼΪĻүһˡ
԰˭˭СʵѰ죬˭Ҳ£ôСء
ƺһ⣬غ˷ģƫƫ¼Ǳ˺ԵˣȴæĲֺûĵĽ顣
ûдʦûжʦһжûС
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ʲôʦʦЩʲô
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ʮԱ˴˵һĥʮʱֻһĿģýİĴδǹ
Һү뿼ǣֻҪƽĳƺá
ĵĻƽ⣬̬˿̬Ⱥô֮Էδݺ
ǣѰ֮ʱƺɡ
ǲ
İ˫ĿŹĺݣϹҲˣôҲſЦˡ
ۣ۵ķСɫǲ԰ס
ĪҪǲ˵ˡ
Цߵ࣬ٶĽıڻС
廹δȵȥ֮ǰĮҲ١
У־ĹбжôֻǼ򵥵Ĺģɾղôһ֣ԵòѰ˺ܶࡣ
ΣףԽǽԽǾ壬ɴʲôҲ˵ˡ
һߣӪ
ϥأһźϡ
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ģ˲ò˵һѲĶ֣ǽɲȴ֮һӴҵϵ׵׵ǵա
ͷԽѿˣҹĶԷĲ֮Ǹ˶ܿ
ŸĮɺ˵ޱػᵽ
ǣ¡
˳Ӫʣֻ½İһ˿һǽϵĻ
Ըһģײ롣
ˣҪʲôΪ򶼻㡣
Űű߹صɳѾɢ߹صϢȴٳδɢȥ
İѪɫ˫ÿһ͸ǿĺ⣬һĵĸźе˵ࡣ
ӷƶɮδǰƶɮѾݺݵؽѵȺ޳֮ͽĪҪŭ
ӪУĵĿ⿴ϵ֣滹ѹһƱ
ĺݶ˵Ʊͬò˷硣
кͺվڷԣһȺڶĲ֮ˣֻ̾һ˫ַǰųֻصľġ
գ
ȥ˸ûбץҪȻ³ضʮ
ӷ𣬷汣ˣ
Ӫڣȥкͺʣʮ˷׷˶עĹĺ˭˭Ƕ
ͳǷ֣˵ѺעĽһģһȻ˫ݡ
ɲУ˶ľֵĹء
һһеĹأľˣ򲻿ơ
ɾעʱ򣬷ͻȻĻ档
ϷŹĺݶ˵֣˵ѺƱ
һĨЦ⸡ڷĴǣЦȫֱ
ࡣ
ڡ
๷ʮǰȴŷĵָʾ
Ʊȫ乫ÿ˵Ǯپųɡ
ǣ
û˸ҷ˵ĻҶһٵĺҲֻŰӷԼǮһͬѺ
طһһʮһƱ
ཫеƱһϱƱϵܺ͡
һһʮһƱʮ߸ˣÿƱ
һֱ˺ʳ˹֮⻹ʲôˡ
һΣ²Ϊ
ǣ
ǣǣ

351 ı

Ǯ
ЩǮ
ȻԹ˵ţһëɶ˵ǻʵ
ô乫ˣģİ
ŷʧıӰʹļװ
˵ˣЩǮֲҪģǹǵġ
Ǯ
ûˡ
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ôˣ
֪ʣ÷ɫһ֡
˼ҼҪǮĻԸҡ
ҪĻѾˣҪõĹѾ˵˲޸Ļκһ˵ģҲȢˣԲܡ
ƺĻָһȻЦݣЦҪôжôᡣ
ǮֻҪĿڣ˼ҵһжģҡ
о仰־Ļص֮䣬صڷĵĶУصڰпϷÿһ˵Ķϡ
ϣӨضԼӪ̽ͷĺе˷׷ױ仰ֵˡ
Բۣ
ϷŮİ
öֶθ߰ʵǸߣǸʰ·硣
仰ʱһ㶣ԭҪ˵ڵĻȫҭ˻ȥ
ģõѡ
ҿԵȣȵ׼õһ죬۶ãĵϲ׺ɣҲԸ㡣
Եȡ
۶á
ֻҪţַȥ
ȵʱ
ʱûޡ
֣޳ָĶǰĳǾٶ˵ĳ谮ţһڶڰܵ˱
УҪСӼҲҪѧö
ģ֪֮ǲܵġ
Ҫͬģеʱ
˵ʮʱѾ㹻ˣǶڱʮ겻ǹ꼻һ֡
˽ļ޸ģ޸ݣȢˣ˵ݺȨȥﵽԼĿġ
밡
ĳޣǣ˽
ԽˣߵԴԴϵ˽Ҳֹ
Ĳ뿴ĺϵһηùƽĻţԶԶ뿪ƽĻȥͺá
ġ
Ľŷĵ֣ǴǺ֮䣬ܸܵõһ˶Ůİ
ҶĹǣҲģǾ仰һ㣬ֱҵһ졣
һ仰ڱȷʲô񣬶ڸ߷ģһֱš
Ϊţ֮дգˡ

̾һĲ֪λشĵĻ
ȵñһ죬Ҳ᳹׵׵ʧһ˵ĵطĶȹеӡ
˵磬վǲȥ
һҲеĹͣһ·ˣֻһͬǰе·Щ࣬ñ˴˶ǵ˫
Żɳķ粻ϵĴ棬εЦţЦ˵еĴ𰸣ȴᡣ
ҹɫ߹ء
Ӫеķĳȵ࣬׼ϢʱÿӪʵӳַǰ
֮£ߴ޳ӰĽСӰС
һ˫ӿڷĵϣеͬĻһ㡣
Ҳ㣬Ѻʯá
ȿȡ
ͻı֮⣬ķдһڻδüʵҭ
˵Ǹɶ
ʲôѺʯñҲ㣬˵ݳԴʲôҩˡ
үʲôô
Ǹ㣬˵һҲǱҪ˵ģǰʧǱĲԣӽ쿪ʼκ˺㣬һҲġ
£Ǹߴ޳Ӱת뿪Ӫʣֻʣһܾšķġ
ϸȥܿ˪һĨεĺɫֶ
ڰеĺе˿ݽʧеıӰεҡҡͷ
Ǹˣ׼ȷôıԼжԷĸ飬Լβ÷õĲҲ÷ĻС
˵ı׵ķʽȫȫ̿飬ֵѧϰĦ
ǣݱ׵ķʽ෴˵ķΪٶ쳣ĸɾ䣬ͷˡ
ǿڰ˺üΣүÿһκͷԼеʱ򶼲ȡֱӵҪôǼ޸ҪôȢҪһĻ
ǼҷĳǿҲֱ׵סˡ˵ˣү´α׵ʱܾܲһЩ

352 ȳ

ݱ׵ķʽı׵ķʽˡ
ͬʱҲ֤һ飬ǾǶ˶ԷĵС
ҸҴģȢ˹˼ҼүĻǹ˼Ҽ󡣡
ʲôģˣµķǮûˡ
콭һۣҪȺӶĲҲŵù
ȻһµķǮΪע
콭ĵһµķǮΪעĹΪ
Ǵǰ˲˭˭СĻһԺȷĿʵĴˡ
Ȼ˼Ҽүݵλܼģһһ䣬˶̳ڴ֮ϣ˼ҼȻҪӦֵö࣬ϾүΪˣһԲϾͿ
ԣ¸µķǮΪעѺΪ
һ㡣
಻֪ӺδС̣žôƬ֮󣬽ϵչָ콭
ǲκĻ¸ѾԲˣʲôǮע
ˣ
һԴĺƺʲô飬Ŀ콭ϡ
֮ǾҪŷǰĮˣ콭׼ô
Į֮ʱ콭еѪ֮˲両̵ЦݸŨڴϡ
׼ˣʱֵǱ
ˣ콭ʹĮŲĳޣǴĮĻ˼թļƲߣҲ콭ᱻ͵麣һš
콭¹Ҳʱ򱨳ˡ
պ߹أһͣڱ߹سǳصĳǰ
⺢ôͲˡ
Ȱ˵ţɻǴ˷ĵͷ
ɺڹĺ˸ڷĵߣҲٵϷġ
ģһȥɽͼģԻСССĵġ
ЦţʾϿԷԲġ
ϸͲŷ˵Ļ
ʦҲһͬǰĮ
׼Ҫ߹أϺض
Ĳδ׼һͬǰУĮ˲Ϣ䣬˭֪һ̻ᷢʲô
߹ҪפأϺ͸Өضڱ߹أԲܵκΣա
ǺãͽܵʦʦҪӦңһҪƽƽĻ
ǰ޷ɢһһٿĳ档
Ľ㡣
Ľ㡣
ӨضȶʮŮӰѧԱĿŷģеĵǸŨš
գ˵ͱ֮
յ𣬽ŴĮķǰš
ӨϱһҪңҺͷӴĮȢ㡣
ص֮䣬һĻøӨա
࣬ĽҪһˣͰж˿ι
֪ӨϱһҪҡ
ຩЦţеůš
ЦбôİۣĶե֭
ӷ첻
ǰӨôһ使޵Ļ䣬Ĳںһţˡ
ǣôõĹ˵پͻˣôõһ仨ô;Ͳţˡ
ʮһѽ⣬ɺϵЦŨš
ôĽʺްбԼҲҸȥĽûõΣ
ćNɪյõ˳ͷ콭еΧźһᡣ
߹سǰŻ׵üͷǲĿŸӨ
Ө۾ʲôʱϹġ
֮⣬ôõӣΪɶͿ˺ˡ
µʮ߸˿ɶɱ˲գ۵ĶͽȻһģģɰǿƤ֮Ŀɲһĺڡ
Өû˵ֻЦţΪϹ˺࣬Լ֪
߾ǰĮҪƹһ߸̲
ĮȻԱڻĮ߾ҶΧУҲΪֶӵʹôĮ滷ࡣ
µʱ䣬һǵ˴ĮĵڶУȳǡ
ȳǸݴĮһŮġ
ഫǴĮǻսŮŮ˼䣬֪ʶĻֲ顣
֣ŮȾȻһమˣǺŮ֮УҽֵĴĮһƬɳ֮ء
أ
˵ŮþԼһ˿˴ĮûôĮޱ޾Ļɳ֮أҲΪȽ˳УڷһС
СڴĮ콭ĮˣĮǵļңǵĸס
һɳϣŶȣһ˫ѪɫӿŽֵȺĮ˵ĴŴ͹Ű˺ƣڵλñȽȣŮϹŵɳҲǼˬ

353 

վڷľɵǧ󽫳һβɢɢڼϡ
ÿ
巢ĵţɰ׵ļϰɫɴѪ˫ɫĳͶ֮ͬ߹˲ƿߡ
г˺֮⻹йĺݣ˫ָĿĿŽֵϵˣ࣬йڼشĮϤ
콭ŴĮа˸塣
һЩĮ飬ЩӦþ˶׫
ȷ˵Įʮ߸幹ɣʮ߸֮໥ɣʣ˰˸ǿĲ塣
콭ڵĲǰ˸֮ΪǿһǺ֪ΪΣ峤ԶԶ뿪ǰĮԵջˡ
ԭˡ
콭˵Ų֮飬ҲٵЩ顣
ô
ָŲԶһڳĵʯʯһŮӣ
˵еŮһӵǧ仯ŮڴĮʱò֣ү񿴵ʯ񡣡
ǧ࣬ɽڷ֮ʱ̬֡
ߺͺĸ
һ仰£ݺ͹ĵ߷׷ڷĵϡ
ʲôѲǻΪǾβתɡ
һۣһľ;ԩúܡ
Ҳ֪Ӻʱʼ˾βתһ׫˸ָİ汾С֮УΪǰԾɳС˵
βôŮĴ˵УȴһιھβĹǶǺܾúܾǰĴ˵ˣ˶Ѿ˴˵е顣
콭֪ݿνľβָ˭˹ھβȶ֮Ĺϵ
˲δᣬһͬջ
Įһȡ
϶ˡ
УȫˮвԼȵķ֮С
׷ɢԡͰ֮⣬ĿԡͰУ֪˯˹ȥ
֪ʱһӰڷУߵ֮ǰеĳȺޱıŨҵԡ밮⡣
İ֣޳ָظŷĵգЩֲڵһһĦ͸źա
ʱԭŵĺſѪɫĹâڿİ֮ʱкâ˲ռۡ
ҹ´Ůӵķв죬֪ˣ񲻻Ц
ԡͰһȴǽضŽİݣԷֹκβƵľٶ
İǰһЦ⣬ŭ޳ָš
ΪԼҷΪλᱻ˳Ц˵ջΪҪһЩ֮ء
İݵָŷĵļʱûˮеķվ֮£Ǵɰ׼ݺύİ̺ĳڽİݵǰ
ÿô
ЦţûΪİݵĳҲûΪԼһ˿Ҷо裬֮ǰһǿ
ô
һŽİݣĵͷԼһ˰̣ª˺۾ͬ޴ϡ
Ҵ˼׹ʱȫĹͷˣīֻý廮ѵĹͷϣڰ˺ѿ˿ڷϡ
ô
Ȼˡ
ʹʹһ޷ǡ
ڿİеı飬òˣ˵úܰ
Ǻǣô
õĹҪ
֣ǣŽİݵƣԼ˿֮ϡ
һϧûء
ǵЦŨţָ΢΢̧ظϽİݵ˫
ȫҪģΨкޡ
ˣٸΪһΰĻᣬΪ㡣
ð
֣ӦŽİݣĹĺݶ˷׷üͷɽĵĻȴ񶼺

᲻ԭ½İݣ
ᰡ

񣬷Զԭ½İΪС
Բᡣ
֨£
ʱ
һɫĳڷУվ֮еİ·档
ҹɫҪϢˣͷĪҪ˷ߡ
ˮ𣬷ĽϣմȾˮİ׷ɢࡣ
ģһͽ¡
£Ĳڻȥһۣתҹ˷š
Ĳ뷿Уһ˫ڽİϣγڷĵķСʱ£ɡ

354 ɴ

ջ⡣
ͽİ뿪
վڿջǰİ̧ͷĿ⿴ڵķ䣬ű顣
ǣȴùĲܡ
飬ǰһĻֻô
Ҫӵ뻳Уİ̫ˡ
£ЩӦףѾǰŮˡ
ĵŵģ˼Ҳװ׵ĸ߽İݣ֮ĹϵѾǴǰľǧǧˡ
ǸʱһһжˣһǱİġ
ĵĳΪĵӣʱţ˼ҵһһĲʹ޷
ǰĽŽİݣĽӵзŮӡ
Ľţµȡһһʱ䣬һж֪ˡ
ǣǳ˵Ǿ仰һõıûȥһغڵķӡ
ʧȥˣʧȥˡ
ˣǴˡ
İݵʧȥȫԼɵģ޹أֻǿ˷ģڹ׹˼֮¡
ҹɫţŵвð
ɴӽİɢĺȴʹ¶轵
Ҫ鲻ʡ
ڿĵʱȻаָ׵İߣһ
Ѱ˸ܵѹȻŵùڵġ
ȴЦš
ڵһûֹġ
˵һڵûֹİϽİݣûнһ
ΪΪ˷ĺã֪ʲô£еĶ⡣
վǰӣһȭӳݺݻнİݵա
һصһȭֱİ
ڹһȭ֮ʱİǼȭͷݺݵһȭ˹ĵϡ
飡
飡
飡
һȭһȭȭȭ⣬ǹĻǽİݣ˶ԭʼķʽйʲô
飡
Ѿ֪ȭѪɫһƬɼ֮ݡ
飡
һȭ£ҡΣ³һѪˮ
֪ôģϣȫĹͷˣī˺ּµֶβŽǶѵĽ͹ͷϵô
ԾǺݺݵһȭڽİݵϣÿÿžʹһģķģĵ絶һš
ôϣĳַܳܵʹ࣬ôϣܴĳһеĥ
ʵȴֻĿŮĻšһʱ䣬һʱһһһڴϣΪϸС鶼Ҫñ˴ͣһʱ棬һΪ˵ûˣ㶼֪ô

ÿ˵һ仰ĶȭͷصĴڽİݵϡ
ʱ˿̵Ľİľ׮һվԭأɹĵȭͷ¡⼸ÿ峿ĶҪҩԡУ֪ҩѪ֮ʱʹǶôôĻҧˣÿһÿһĥ֮Уһжǰ͡

һȭŽİݴȥȭͷµһ˲䣬ͣǰ
㣬õĽʵۣ֮ϵףӵºҫҪǵãŮĺӣһԶԶ޷ֲġ
˫еЦڳŽİݡ
£ĲὪİһۣת˿ջ֮С
ҹɫУİվڿջǰãϺϵѪѾȴκʹһһ˫Ż̧ͷŷڵķ䡣
һݺύ˰̸ǰ֮ʱİݻ³һأš
һΪķˣǡ
һ仰С
İתʧҹɫ֮У֮һʧĻԼػŵĽ
ڹĺͽİݶȭ֮ʱݺеԼΣ׼˿սļơ
ֻҪκβף˫Ի֡
Ȼİݺ͹ĵսҪӸԤ
ǽʵʵһȭϣ֮ٶ֮죬ȻΪҰҲΪԭʼķʽйÿһȭ˵ϡ
˵ĻĻصҹУò˽޼ɽϵҲ˸š
ȫϣȫĹͷϣҪϵĻֱȵ컹ѣһҪܷܳܵľ޴ĥ

û뵽ǷȻôĵ顣
˵ǽʵ۵书߻ǹ˼Ҽ书ߣղȭȭսʱǿеĿأһȭȿɲǿЦġ

355 ˭Ƚ

ʵ۽İݣ书Ī⣬ŵϹΪ˷ĵȥҹİۣ뿪֮ʱȴһƽį
ݷ䴫ԣİݵʱϹ
֪Ϲĸ֣ܴϹĻǽİݵ书Ҫߵʲô̶ȡ
˵˵ģ˼ҼȥһʱϢʮ㣬ƫƫܰסİʮȭĹܻ֪Ҳһز©ĸ֡
ǽڴǽİݺϹĶǽĳ棬ˣүݣսʤүͷɲǰģ˻ս˭ǵһ
콭е˻˵ʹս»ǰĴ˿ڱȽϹؼ
ҵ죬ʵҲ̫˰ɡ
ֱҡͷԺȷеĶ϶һ֡
ǻһ˵Ļ˵ʮȭˣʵһȭҲܲס֮֮ȴĳ˽İʮȭ

˼ҼĪҪҶƶɮȸơ
ˡ
ǹĵϣҲ˼ȭ
׻˵úã˲ƫƫİݺ͹˲ס
Įʹ֮УصʹеĽİڳϣɴĮҽʦҽϵˡ
ʱ¡΢΢Ҫһ±ϵ࣬һЩ
ɺһҪҽŽʱ£ϵ˺ǱãһԵĵطһõĻͷɾͲˡ
İûĮҽʦĻҽʦСһЩҽΡ
ʵ̫ˡ
˫ۣ޲ɱĮʹ嵽ջѹĴж˿顣
ǻһǹڱϵġ
£պǾٿӣ¹ɽͼƬҪ佻Į崦ô
ǲģ̫谮ˣɾϾغɽͼĲƬͬϷ
ңҲǱɽͼƬġ
ĵĿҲȻɽͼ
ϲǾ͸˺ˣҪľˣʲôϷ
ǣ¡
˳˷䡣
ĮҹĺܣƬ֮ҽʦӷ߳ѯҽʦڱΡ
ϽĻµ϶ˣһЩѪҩݵһ¾ͺˡ
ϵ˺ۺʱɢȥ
̬ŵҽʦͨһڵϣͷ
ϽϷһЩҩ֤ڽʱҲ˺۵ĺۼ
ҽʦĻ۵׵ĺâȥҽʦ뿪֮ʱһνס
ûп̺۵ҩ
̺ۣ˵İ̺ϷʱмӿȥǾ˵İ̺ϷΪ
˵İ̺Ϊ
˵һ󵽷ܵʹԼ˵˺ۡ
֮£һ˫ֽȭͷԳЦݸС
ֻһˣΪҪȥϵôõģĻűãô
գȳǡ
ϵȳûʲô̫ȡ
ϰļ仯һʱӦ¶ȣڤƥҲſˮУˮԼϵ£ɻǲϵͷ
Թô
ƶɮûгԹ콭ͺе׼ȷ׵ϣˮƥҰǣǼڹһ£ΰͣһЩƵĵһʱ䣬ʱһЩлζһе
޵ζ
콭һ˵ţ˶ڤƥŹӣڤǼɭɭġ
𣡡
ͳŭ׵ĺд˳޷ھ콭עǵϡ
Ҫǰձ˵ǵıֿɱǻҪһȼСİȺԻȫ븹С
ϵ˺ںʵҩ֮˺ܶ࣬ɻܿſһЩ
֪¥·ʲôһƿҩӸ˹ģ̾һ
ÿͿĨΣһô졣
ˣһֱұˡ
֮еΪһһ䶼͸ϺζԾܾ
˵ĳүӦøСô
ܵ˲ԴߣݻۿźеһۣһĨЦڴǣЦƺڸˣöҪЩǿ򶯶Է
֪ܴܲ򶯷˵ٷϴ˴벻ĸ׷ʽһܴݣ̱ܰڴһ
뿪ȣǰĮ
ðð˵ĮĿԶȵĮһҪԸ
˵ĮĿ߹ǾѵʳһȥĮҪڵءһƺˡ

356 Ĳ

ࡣ
ڡ
ĵĿ⵭ɨˣһĨЦĺеſˮ
ǣĻʳѻʣ¶١
ǣ
ọָ́ϲϵţƬ֮󣬺ཫչָһ˿
ǰ´ѹȣںֻܳԲˡ

꣡
Ļһ㽫һų⽹ۣҪһЩȻĻȻΪһˡ
ңǳԵĲҲֻҰӲݡ
񲹵Ѿ콭е˾ˡ
Ҫ
һûԾͻȫ֫ڽбػġ
ǣҲףǰһʱ仨̫ټ϶Ĳʱ򱻷ץ˸ţеǮҷ
Ѳɽµʱ䣬ҪԲô
ʮ˻ʮֱʹ׷׽Ŀתһζڤƥǡ
ǲԣǾͿҲá

գĵһ̴ȳǰĮ
Įȳֻľ롣
֮˴Į׶ĮɵĮʱҹƮɢڿŨҵĿϢɢ
žણ
žણ
žણ
콭òĹӣе۾ҲֱĶ̯λĿᰢкϵʳˡ
ȥɣʲôͳʲô
ĴӻóһƱж˭Ҳû⣬ʮĶÿһƱԼһƱĵĺȡ
˼Ҽƶɮѳ붼ѹϣʩˣһᱣġ
һǮʮѾӵǮʧӰ٣ֻʣ·ģ壬ĺĸˡ
ǮôǮҡ
ã˼ҵһжĵģҡ
˵ţִӻóһƱڷǰƱ֮޴󣬿ڹоһǮһ㡣
ֻҪĿģɢҲֺη
ǻèô
Ĳһκ棬ʲôʱôǮڻ棬һʱصóѲǶAô
ĵȻèʲô˼͵ڿˡ
ȥѰ齵Ŀջ͹˼ҼүϢһ£˼ҼүͰλչˡ
ƵЦţиĺݣں뿪֮ǰĽһľƵƽ
ҹ˼ҵƣȥѰһҺʵĿջֻҪöӱɡ
ǡ
Ҳûк͹Ŀתʧ
еĲ⣬ǣŷ̯λϣ̯λ̯ҪһЩˮͿ⡣
˼ȻпջĮ㲻ϲסϰߣúһĿջϾôú嶼źߣ֪ϲá
ĽΪνƸ壬һԵŽĿкãڷǰ档
ȳ԰ɣζ
ذףһһ߽кõڷĵ档
Ǻ廹ǹĻݣһкôȻ÷Ĳĵط
Ƶʲôʺĺ֮ĹϵΪëһֹĺг˵һĬʮ㣬һֶ֮С
Ȼ⣬ǹ˷ĵʳһкõĿȥζдζ˲ɢš
ζΣ
óԡ
ԴȬ֮㲻ôʳʳҲǳòôĹϵζ쳣Ŀɿڡ
ɵãڳһֳ֮С룬Ž˲
ԿʱһҾƲ飬ֻϧܺȾơ
Щڡ
һȵĲˮ˵ǰĳĿŷġ
ҲһЩõˮϣÿһˮǷϲԵġ
ЩǵãĮֵطˮ
ֻҵ˲ܺ۹Ϻͺ֣СӲǺû򡣡
ܺ۹ѾкˣֵҲİڷš
ݽˮƵǰһ˫֮ºıһ˶Ů˵ĳ谮
԰ɡ
Īģůͷ
ǺĺǻǹĵᣬݲԴǵĳ磬н֯зĸܵõ
ԽˣԽǲüС
Ͼֻʮ˵Ժ൱ҪߣûбҪһĥݵʮʱ䡣
ģݡǱôãֵãվ뿪ġ
۹ڣȴڷĵſɬζ
Ȼʮ޷ı䣬ڵĺҲùĥ
ĲǣֻǽǵѶѣֻѡȥ˺ѡ

357 ɵ

ǵġ
Ƿ˵һ
Ҳݣеλѣܺúܺõѡ
ԴӻصΪ̫̫飬ֻһζĳ˵ĺã÷һ˵֮⡣
ܳŵκεŵԣΪŵ翵Ķ
ΪѣĲٿκβҵ鷢
Լµֻʮʱ䡣
Ĳκεĸ
Щܹ˵ףö֪֮ûκεĿܡ
һص׸һ޷ԷʲôŮˡ
³һһγ۹ϣ۹֮ʱȴôĿɬ
֪
Ҳ֪
ĺݶʶ˶ԷһۣĿڷĵϡ
֪ӷʹ޼ɽƵʱ򣬴ӷ̤߹ؿʼӷĻص֮ʱǾһ顣
İһֱڷţ𣬾ȥ˵Ǹ֣ǿԵı⡣
ǣȴҲ޷ڷȴġ
ΪˣΪţкޡ
ڷŭͬʱҲĽŽİݣ˵ЦˣĽŽİݡ
ֻҪúõأͿˡ
صҹɫ֮УصڷĵĶߣУôůôأصܡ
ֺãĸ÷ĵ֮Ũ
Źĺݵĺãʲô
ڷߵȻеΪѣиոհļ棬һһǰᡣ
˵ʲôҲЩɽ˵ԣ֪һǹģǶֻãƽǣ㽡һһ߳Ӱ˱á
ֱ׵Ļ߷ԼҪУǺòĴ֮У͸¶һΪֿС
ĵͷе֮Ũš
˵һǲҪĵĻرֻǰŮֵܹĻȥԶ˽İݣֻǵѣΡ
ֻҪԼԣҺүҪñã̫ࡣ
̫ࣿ
ɽβȥ̫ࡣ
ŹĺݶˣҪڣգеĻﶼͣߣʻ˶档
ĺһӣҪҪǵŮӹһ֮ͷãûʸ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦ̫̫ζҲ̫ĺݴ˿̲׵Ŀɬ
ү㷽ŵôЩֲڡ
Ķ豭ǳһĲڿڳ֮УĵĻƺڹ̣ʵҲΪ˱εռȥ
תߣһ˫ȫΪȻ
Ҫô˵ôǱԼ飬˼Ҽʣ˵ֺѧȺ秵һ
˻ȥݻбԼ
ҲպҺүңүҪһɱΪãȻػɲҪ鷳
鷳ʲô鷳սɳһȻɵϢȺթܱȵġ
ĵĻһαݶ˻ȥЦһ˫۾ݵĻеë
үΪսүΪٶȻд֮磬ߣͷүһЩΪá
֪ôд͵Ļ곤˼Ҽֲ˼Ҽһ
ү˵Цˣ۱ֵĻҪүһء
ˣȻ˼Ҽ֪֣Ӧ֪ȥ
ЩԾ
ڶмķĿ˿һЦеһ˿ЦĹģȫɱˣôͻȻͱ˸ӡ
ʱǰȥѰҿջĺص˷ߣſһѹֵϢһ˫ŵ۾
˼ҼүջѾҵˣȴŷؿջϢˡ
֮⣬ҪܱһЩ֣ҪŷȻؿջˡ
үӦףΪ˼ҼĲҵ鲼߹½
˼ҼǰЦ߹Ѿ𣬻Ҫѹ˼Ҽô
֮ս޷ȥҲǰһ뻹úõΪתۼ
ж
Ĳܵʲôɸոջĺһ۱㿴׶Ϊִ
˿˵һѻĵݻλáɣ൱ɡ

358 ܸһô

ջĮһСͿջ
岢δҹ˼µĿջѰһĵСջסĻʮֵʣֲֳϵĺջطһϲ
ڷ׼ջʱһŮӺȻһ˫ֽץסĵ·
Ůͷ棬˫ۻǲеȴǶ񶾵ĺܣڶŷİ֮ЦͻȻ쳹ʡ
ģû뵽㣬
Цصҹɫ֮С
Цеĳ֮˼ı
ķǺݶĿŷģһϮ°׷һŮˣжôĽˡ
ΪԼˣû뵽Ƿġ
쿪ۣŮ˱˲˹ӣ쿪۰
ԾɴЦţ˺۵ָŷģһ񶾵л
һҵɱŮ˵õ˱ӦĻãһжӦõ³ӣһ磬Ҹˣ̫ˡ
ʲôˡ
ڷҪǰһʱ򣬺һ
Ŀںϵʱеˮһӿ˫ֲĲ֪ںδ
Ҹ磬Ұ㲻ǵôûô֪û
ᣬϵش۽ǻ
Ҫǰ屧ڻУԼⰹ彫ۻ
Ҹ磬
һΣǰȴסˣĿĿź壬˼
ԣ㲻Ҹ磬㲻Ҹ硣
ҡͷȷϺ岻ĺңֻǺĺҳˡ
ģ㻹Ҹ磬ҪΪ㣬ҸҲҲᱻҪɱ㣡
ħһ㣬ǰǰں壬ֻܳ޵Ŀűɹӵķġ
°׷ÿһ񶼳ű䣬һڷȴĵĳͷ
ⱨӦģɱˣñӣһжȡҿ㣬Ǹ棡
״εķ޲ɱ˷ģ͵Ϊˣû뵽֮ĴĮȻ˷ġ
첻Ĵ˼׹䶼û
ǹƽģûҲڵӡ
ӷֿʼ㲻ϵһһ˵Ķ䡣
ֻǾվԭأĿڷϣǵĮδֳκεķŭʲôҿ㣬˱µĸоΣİǽĻʵۣһ˲˹ģ˱˱˵һ˾ˣ˿

־һŷĵࡣ
ˣվҹɫеİ°׷Ůǰ˼ߣһ˫ѪɫĿϵŮˡ
ôɱңɱͲˣ񿴵ӣҾҲֵˣȵ֮һߵ˷ҵŮ˱ʲôӣһῪĴЦġ
úûŰɡ
һ仰΢΢
ĽһƱ˷ǰת˿ջһк
ҷǶҲʩᡣģһ㣬ʹĻţ㲻ú
˼Ҽүͷλչһ·ȥһЩ顣
ĺ˺ҪʲôһӰʧڿս֮УգۼĹ򣬿ջ˵ɢ
û֪ôڴĮôҵĵġ
򵥵ϴһ£ڴ˯˹ȥ
˯УһƬɫĻһγξ
İɫΧǰ֣һƬָ⣬ǻ֮ϲϵŷĶʱļ䡣
ǻǷССʱССŮȴôļǿĸ׺͵ܵһƬĺԺš
ȻüţĸŮһҸʱ⡣
һĻĻǰܰҸʱǶݵġ
ˣЩ˻Ұɫʧ֮䡣
ھ޴Ļ֮£ĿԶ
ÿһλصξУķïϣůĸоȫ
ůϤİ
ĸ׵Ļ˵ů˵ֿ
³һѵûجξξУĿŻɱ˫ۣ΢Ĵ֮£һ˫ظա
Ҹ磬㻹ţܸһô
ã
δйãڷĵСڴǵЦŨţȴҲǹ¶š

359 ټľ

Įա
Įʳ֮⣬ˡ
㷿˱飬ĻǱˡ
Ҳˣȵ˯ŵķıԺлһ£ȴصʬ塣
˵ʬ嶼ڿ佱ʮˣ콭˷׷ڵϣһ˲˯ţ
һ飬ľ
һˮŵʬˣһ콭ϡ
ĸӸҴô
콭һվȵ߿һ֮ʱſˮ

콭˰кͺһţҲ׷ֻһ±ƺûл
ð֮һվֱ壬ĽԴۣ۵ĺըһ
Įľƺ󾢶ôô
ǣٺһЩƫá
Դۣۡ
۰
Դ۵ܣ콭ǴĮ֮⣬ʣ֪Įľƺ󾢶ҡ
ˡ
ʮ˻ԹʱһٻӰǰŮһɫɳһ˫ɫӷ·հԶˮտ
˲ǱˣǴĮҹľ콭ǽ߽Ůӣһ˫Ӱȼų֮⡣
ģû뵽ٴȻ֮󡣡
ľδ콭еɫһһֱģеƼ˹һ㡣
ЦţߵǰľʱõǸ鶯ŮҲ˲١
ǰһ꣬û뵽ַʽ档
ɫӶ˫ɫ۾·ԭŵһһ㡣
УϰڷĹϹĺľǰı仯
ǰһϮ°׷ŮӣľҲµеı仯
ŷĹΪǲʵĴţĻˡ
˼Ͽôߵ׹䣬һ۰ɡ
ľĻİڳϣŲ豭ǷһڱеǵЦ޵ĸֶ
Ǻۣһжǹȥˡ
Ĺȥô
˻ᱻֵȻıƭȥᡣ
ͬΪŮˣ˷ĵԸ
ôŨңΪ˽İݲһУǰһҲƴС
ǣΪεİ˱˺ѷεʹá
ڹǵһЩ࣬᲻Ͳܱˡ
Ҳõģô
׷ʮˣ׹ӡǡ
Ȼǧ˿˰׷Ȼһ˫ѪɫΣʵȻ̷ǳܳܡ
ϣݣģ⹫ÿһ˶ںڵûнңһжע˵ģֻԼȥ֣ܿһС
ڳϵķǰİ׷УѪɫ˫ЦŨ˼֡
Ĺʱгɳ˲١
ĵľϵıӣеҾһľˮȴûа˿ζ㴼ֻʣ¿ɬޱ޾Ŀɬ
ǰʱܲ˳ɳοĻ֮Уβܳɳ
ɳÿһжѰζ˼
֮Уľʹ࣬ľˣֻܵʹ಻һ
һ̣֪Ը¶ȻᷢȤ顣
ԹŻд뺯Į
ᵽ뺯ĵĿľϡ
ʱʱ䣬µǲľʲôۼ˫ɫ˫֮УէһȻǴ覣ʵϣغµȴǳɱš
֪ǰѾľĵ˸˳޵Ĺʵ
Ȼ֪ľ϶ʲô飬ľĳɳ벻˸ϵ
ǰԲŻĮôûȤͱһ𸴳ء
ľȷĽ˸֣ҷĵĿıˡ
꣬ΪҪĹͷĻˣõˡ
Ĺ˵ЦˣĮԩ޳𣬸޹أһɽͼһǺҪõġ
֮⣬ʲô޵ûйϵҪõɽͼĲƬ
ɽͼ˱һĿġ
ԩ޳𣿺Ǻǡ
ľЦţɫȤζʮĿŷġƭ˱˵ƭңǰҲУĮĿĲô

360 ؾ

ľֱ׵ĽҴ˷ĵĻ
ǷĻľѾǰı˴ˡ
ЩȻҪ׵˵ǡ
οΪһɽͼΪǰ߹ص飬Ǹˡ
µûĻһֱվŵǸǻʸ콭
һ֣Ѿ˵һС
ʸһǴĮĲ֮һǴĮΪǿĲ壬ֱ֪Ϊԭ򣬻ʸһ뿪˴ĮģűԵߡ
һ嵣Ļʸһѱ֮ģ㽫ȫɱΨһĻʸ콭ҲѺ͵嫺Ĳ麣֮С
ȻһжСʱģǵûʸ콭
ʸ콭ߣǻصĮҪصһУΪʸһ屨ѩޣӦˣʸ콭Ǳ嫷ˣʲôĺ
ԣûбѡָֻܺ
Ĺвô
ţ֮еĺʹ¶轵š
Ǿ仰ѾǰķĺľԼ˴˵ĿģΪ˴ﵽԼĿĲֶΡ
ſеѹľк;
ɫӿģأǵЦŨҡ
в̸ϣǸѣֻҪҺɽͼȻģҲܴﵽԼĿģֶΪģοĻʸ콭Ҳܸ˵һ׬
ľĻʹ÷ĳĬƬ̡
ɽͼһ˵бҪֵÿһ¡
Ŀ´ľĵЩ档
Ȼ֪콭ݣΪĮĹŰһүô
ľϾľǴĮĹ콭ǻʸΨһдˣʱ޿̲Ÿһ塣
ľ־ٶңѵͲԷô
Ĺ
ľĹĸ֣ԳЦ
ǿԵĻֻһѰ˼ҵŮӣġ
һ仰̫̫ı֮⡣
ʱԼΪҫ
˴֮ΨһվڴĮ۷ϵĲ壬ǺεȵĻԻͣεȵĹ٣εȵɡ
ֻг裬޾ĳ衣
ǿԣѡϣƫƫһĹ
Ц
һΪǳ˽ȴĸо޷ݡ
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˵Ļô
һһ١
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콭ӦŶһĳޣת뿪Ժ䡣
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ʲô
ŷֵļɢ˫ǳǳЦ⣬ҲŸš
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ǣϵ壬һȥѰ㡣
˹䵽ҹеıԵشһ˹޼ĺӭɫĵӰԵĺϼһʯţʯź
ȥһһĵʯţվʯ룬ĿԶֻɫµһж˵á
սӰ죬ĮĸͻűգҲܵеҸ֮⡣
һϮ£һͷ׷վĿԶγһһ㣬פ㲻ƿߡ
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ʱ޶˴ķ罫ոջõĻʴŻֽƮ˰С
һֻֽǻֽظУŻŮӣİ̧ͷĿͬعķϣ˵ĿɫĿԡ
еĺϵе谮ּ໥ײš
һ˫纣ķ֮ʱڷĵпİ⡣
һĻǰǺϵһĻ
ϵŮ裬ͤеרעĿţÿһÿһ涼ŶԱ˴˵С
ҹ֮УǰĻݣǻȴѾģİǰһҪӿģȴһѺɫĳסǰ·

361 ⲻǷô

ʯϣĳ𵶡
ɫĵеڽİݵĲϣֻҪ΢΢һýİ촦
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ôɱΪ򡣡
ΪĲɱô
վķİźŽİݡ
Ȼ֪ΪλǰǸĻ仭ƫƫš
ǷҪɱΪͶˡ
ӪʼǷҪɱͶˣαصȵڡ
Ϊ֪һҡ
֣ǴӽİݵĿֵʱ򣬷ЦЦص֮䣬εı֮У·˶ôЦЦֺڳԼĳɵ
Ϊһ㡣
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ǰİݡ
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ǰˣ֪һʱİ˾Ѿˡ
Ѿˣ廹һЩϲԵ۹ϡ
ڷĵһֱֽһزŷϵĺ顣
ĮȣǻȥϢɣΪ׼һЩ齵£÷ܹȻ˯
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š
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˶ܿóĿĲ򵥣ΪΣû˱Ƚİݸˡ
лɺڽİߵλϡ

362 Ҫ

ϵպǹ졣
ʵ۽İͬһǰĻ˵Ƿޡ
ɷڷϵôˣһǲЩ̫гˡ
֮ʵǴδʲôһ㣬е翴ŷģһǰ
ϲʲôΪΪ㲼ˡ
İָһƬõڷĵУȴǽװһԡ
Ҫʲô
ûʲôθڣ°ɡ
һͬûвɫһ͵ߡ
ô
Ļ־䶼͸ŹУǷǡ
ǰȻĺҳüƣһĺҡ
ǿ֮Ĺϵѵ˵Ͳ壬佪һı˵һС
Ҳף֮Աģͽʵ벻˸ϵһĺҳƵ˰˳ĶԴģǸ˶ѡߡ
кϷҪˡ
壬
ߵߣĿ⼰䡣
ԵƬ̣ӲʲܺȾƣΪȲ衣
岻ĽһȲãһ裬ȵһЩŽ豭͵ĵǰ
ȥһ¡
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ףͺ˶ս˵ĿнһĨɱ鲼š
壬Ϊһ̴ӲԼΪٶԽô
²ָ֪ʲôԽǺֺ塣
֪ʣһ˫ŵ۾ʼչЦ⡣
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Ŷ˵ô
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Ȼѻ˵˳ҲظһЩ
ȻҳĿʲôƾҲԼôЦʮ˽ǷʲôˬĻȺֵܻӭսҲҪһ飬ǽˣǧ긮ˣҪԷѵ˵

ЦţͿ˳ˣǿڷϣǻ׼ô
ãȻҪʱ㡣
гв֮ıŶƣΪȻܵһСС̴ӵļŭ
˲䣬ӰһǺݾʽҪȡԷ
ɱ֣ˣһǽĽһǲ麣߳ˣ˭˭һʱԼ
һߣ˵Ŀ⻹ڽİݺϷǻš
֪ǲǴǵķȻúܣ뽪Ļʵ۸䣬ӽˮ˲뷨
ˣȻ˶ۼڴˣҲ˵ϻˣˡ
ľһģĮŮ̧һʵ̣ڷһöɫĺӡ
ӣϤˣŵľɽͼĲƬˡ
оۼɽͼĲƬǧǰȻıأ޾ıء
¼ж˲Ǿ޶ĲƸǮɵйСƵ顣
Ҫģ˵Ǳ֮вȡ֮֮ߵĲƸһڳĹ˵ЩԵõɣ
ӵ˳壬ӵɽĲƸǽһ鰡
ŮӴһ̣ϵǷ׷Ųӿȥһ鿴ͨͨƤǰ
ҲһۺӣȷȷʵʵɽͼĲƬɡ
Ҫɽͼô
İݵĻصÿһ˵Ķߣһ˵ˢˢڷĵϡ
Ѳɽʱ׼á
ظŽİݣĺ΢̧һƬɫ
ãҲ
ŽİݵһЦɽͼֵǵĶζҪõĶɽͼԽʵ˵ֿɵãôṰøˣǲˡ
漴İݵһ仰뷨ȫ㣡
˼ȻҪɽͼΪ͸ǣɽͼҪʲôΪʲô
ҪʱҲøôҪİҲøô

363 

һ仰ס˺
ǶӦûë
ʲô
Ҫʽİ᲻ø
˱Ϊʳʱ򣬽ʵ۵ɫӦ࣬û뵽һЦƺԡ
˵ЦˣΪӣȻǽĻʺ󡣡
һ仰˼ĸˣǽĻʺҪ
仰ĺ̫̫࣬ϢЩ̫󣬴ЩӦ
֪Դӽ󹬱ûκŮӳд󳼽ԼҵŮ빬ȥʵۣڶҲᱻͻһеĻôֻ·һ
ĺûŮӣʲôʺˡдԣ˵ԴӷĴ˼׹֮󣬽ʵ۲費˼룬һ⻭ǻ˵ǷǰѾΪýҹʱữŮӣڽİݵߣ֮
ŶֶһĻǰʵ۶Էĵĸ鵱˸жɻ˵ˣ֮ԻӣҲͽİֱӵĹϵеϸм˲𣬿Ƕ֪

ݵĳĬ֮󣬷̧ͷϽİݵĵۣǰϲ˫в׽Ͱ⡣
ϲЦȲ˵ǧ긮ķǰ˼֮£ûҲԲΪĻʺ󡣡
ĵĻҲڸˣİȫԼ뷨ΪĻʺ
˵ƤΪ˵ǽʺ˱֪ǽʺ󡣡
ԣʱǴǿŮô
ǸֳһĨЦ⣬Ķ豭Ƿһ
ĲڿУ͸һӳƵζ˵ĳơ
仰ڱ˶лΪ黰ȴĵҪ
ĲԼĳޣĺҺȥӵĳޡ
ĥǽİůĻܹôΣֱ롣
еĲ豭Ѫɫ˫еĺⱻȥȡ֮ѰʱĮ
ĵĿһڽİݵϣƲ˶֮Ĺϵ
ʱµҫ¼Ů˶ҪΪŮˣҲһͷʱĪҪһЩֵ飬ϾǸɥĹѸ
ۡ
ĵһ仰ɹеĲˮ
ǺͽİݸˣɥĹѸִʶ˵ĳ֪ʵ۵ɫȻǲ˼㡣
Ȼ˿Žİݵʱ򣬽İúܡ
ɥĹѸ
ŷԼİһ˫΢΢ţеŭȴɢĸɸɾȡ֮һĨŶȤζЦݡ
ԽȻ
ָоֻصļǧ긮ʱƤթСŮ˺ʱĳ
Ϊô֪Լʱģ
İŷģô֪Լʲôģ÷ĳΪɥĹѸ
ѽʱ²֪ôǰǰǸҰͷ߶˺üˡ
Ĳ˵Ż˾ôؿŽİݺͷĶ˶졣
˵֪ô£ԽԽúг
ǰһĻȫȫСڴܣŮһҲ磬зһζ˳Ӱ
ԭˣ˲õģΪػ귨Ϊ˷ִ˻
үǲۣôŹʱ˻صա
֪Ϊר̻˵ġ
뽪ʱעôʣҲķˡ
ϲΪγƺ㣬ӣӣϱ
Ǹ
˵
ܴܲһгĳܻ档
ĿĺΪɽͼĲƬǿλġ
μӼһſŵĲѰϢҪڴϽİݺϷģκûϾǰλһǽĻʵۣһǷģǺǵ
գľڴһݲͬѰĻ档
ʱ£ģλμӼģɽͼƬδ֪λǷܱɽͼα
ɽͼģֻҸڴ϶˰ˡ
ĵĿɨһۺɽͼƬӦŲƬα
ȷʵɽͼɡ
仰ˣżλǰǽһɽͼĲƬ͸֮ʿ
ľ˵ռĿģ⻰˵˵ڰ˵нʵɽУ˭ɽͼĲƬءλõɽͼƬ֮ǰҪ򵥵⣬ĴĻɽͼá

364 ׷Ī

ֻҪشľ⣬ɽͼƬ֮һá
һ⣬¼Ů˭
ڶ⣬¼Ů˭
⣬ڵһʲô
ľصڴУ쳹ÿһ˵Ķϡ
򵥵⣬Ҳѵ⡣
¼Ůӣ¼ŮӣԼڵһ顣
ǰŮӣû
¼Ůӣû
֮֮ͬ𣬿Щں޵ԶԶ֮У뱻
ݵĳĬ˿˿ڣҪһԣشĻܵõɽͼƬɽͼĲƬøʱ£һЩϵҲһ¡
һһ˵Ĵ𰸽ǲľе⡣
ģʲô˵ô
ľŷġ
̧ѪɫӣĿľشʳ⡣
ĹҪҵĴô
Ĵ𰸺ܼ򵥡
¼Ů˭
ҡ
¼Ů˭
ҡ
ڵһʲô
ҡ
ң̵Ļشľʵ⡣
ŮԼûë
ľŮԼԾûë
ǵ˲⣬ʲôڵҲ
˲ᵽ˼ȴ۷ĵ˵Ĵ𰸡
һڵǳΪ˷ġ
ʱ룬ξ뽭ǻص˶ʮһͣīİţ֮һб㲻ٻᷢˡ
ĺҲΪȥĺҲڣһһеıᷢ
㲻ʶģ㲻ʶݣ㲻ҵİİݡ
һеĻ֣ҲȻ֮ıɡ
õıĻǷˡ
Ӧ򣬽ǹġ
ҲҪԳ
࣬
ʹ
֪ã
ܹĻᣬһѡ֣׵׵ġ
ҵĴ𰸡
ľԼĴ𰸣Ĳδе顣
˫ѪɫеĹµįİţҪֽӵڻУݺݵر
ǡʱµĴء
ڽİҪǿнıڻеһ̣ľŽİĴ𰸡
¼䣬Ůֻзһˡ¼䣬Ůֻзһˣڵһûץס˵֡
ˣûг֮ǰʱ޿̶ţ˼׹һ̣ץסĵ֣Ҳӡ
İ֪ĺԼĺңǵĺӡ
ҪֲҪҪµʱ÷ԭԼ
ɷȴԼʵʵе˶֮⡣
ķۣҪݺϧţҪǻУΪȥüۺۣΪ赲ķꡣ
ˣĺˡ
ڷɽʱ򣬼Ѿ׹£Ҳͬһ׹䡣
ʱ޿̶жȹ
һ磬ⴵ˽ĵİ׷Ʈɢڽİݵǰ
İ֣һɫĳУǷ˿еı䣬¶ȡ
Ѿ̫̫࣬³еһ̣ˣһβٷſĵ֣۷ʲô顣
ˣΪ򾭳룬δһںΪɣɺ޾ͺްɣ֤˻š
ɳսΨĵʱŻԼһˣһѪˡ
ǰ°׷µŮӳ֮ʱһڰ硣
Ļţ˸ģֻҪţųǰһжòôҪˡ
һΣʧȥȫ磬Ҳ֡
İݵĻĻص˵ĶߣһһбŵжÿһˣЩвġ
ϵҪôǻȨҪô֮ʿ˵˼Ϸ飬Ȼеϸڡ
Ļ뽪ʵֱӵĹϵ
񣬽һ飬еĸȾˣڵ飬ﻹ飬һڱԷĵ顣
ν֪ܸĪɣǷĵĻһᱻ򶯡
мˣֺοһ֮ӵϵȨ
վǷġһжõǸ׷ԼһУԣֻҪĺҿԸֻҪδĺܹȻĽ

365 ֻҪܻ

ֻҪĺܹ
ֻҪĺܹȻϡ
ѡԭ½İݡ
һжܡ
ĺѾ˰׹ǡ
ĺҲ̥С
İݣעˣµĿõԭôˣҲԵòԭ¡
Ǻǡ
һЦڴڣĶ豭ǳһѾĲˮֻϧǲˮоκеֻŨصĿɬζ
û˵ֻЦţǸ˽İҪĴ𰸣Ҳ˴𰸡
ʱµʵʣ齫ɽͼ뽪ʱ¡
ľ˵嫱˾ɽͼ͸˽İݡ
˭˶״Įͽ˹ϽλãĮнգҲ֮еĹϵ
̤ʵۿʼ˾ɽͼƬȻԵˡ
ɺʲôɽͼƬǱĶɺô͸ˡ
ĪҪ֣ΪôȻ
ľҪǰɽͼƬ嫴һץסľ
Ůɽͼ͵İǰɫУһƤš
͸ˡ
İʾŮɽͼƬģɫĺڷǰһ˫ĿһۺɽͼƬ
Ȼʱýɽͼ͸ңұΪѵˡ
ĵһ
ôɽͼĲƬŮ˾ȻΪĸ֡
˭˽Ը⽫ɽͼģɽͼôҲȨ档
ĿŷĽɽͼ뻳У۲úܣ̰ҪӷɽͼҲҪǡ
ɽͼУΪС
ľͷ뿪ʹȻЩ鷢ĲԤ֮ڣڽԤõġ
Ҫʵô
վڻʹǰľڼ˵⡣
һ⣬ɽͼκι
ŷĵĻľֻЦţδش⡣
ϱȥһõط
ʲôط
ĲĿľĪЦݣľδ˵Ҫŷȥʲôطһұܡ
ӴĮʹصջʱѾˡ
ջУĵһЩֹѪɢںϣһ˺ۣ˿˿֮ɫ
Ϊ嵣ģû¶
һЩƤ˵˺۶ѣ˴¶
úůǱҲֵˡ
һԵ콭´ź壬һֱͬһǹ˵ôأĻ滣Ļš
ǶԺúܣѣһ򴦴УʮںռˣǸĽˡ
˵Įʹе׷ʲô飬ںͽĽһͷѪ
˵ĿĿź壬֪֮䵽׷ʲô顣
´Σ顣
סˡ
ЦģЦһֱ
ܸܵĵĹģ΢΢Ҳ˿Ĳѡ
Ķ֣Ϊ˱һЩҪ鷢ϾڴĮĻʹ֮УһЩ鷳ΪãȻҲ뿪
Ϊ˿ڣһԵĹĿ˿ϰڷŵɽͼƬ
շŵ˽һЩͺ֮ľٶҲһЩ¹ɽͼƬİĻ׽佻ô
˺Ƿѽ⡣
սİݵӣɽͼغȻıأҵ˱أӵ޵ĽɽǾԲõɽͼκλᡣ
СΪȽϺá
ձǴĮڣ˵Įʮ¡ء
Ҳ˵ˣкöĮ˿ʼװˣǽһˮ鰡
ſˮֵĳ涼欵Σǵ۵ıӡ
ɽͼȻˣһЩ黹Ҫ뿪Ͼ콭ĳ޻ûеñ
Ǿ͵֮뿪ǡ
ǣ
ҹɫĮɫ֮ʣľڿջУһ棬塣
ԣ˵һĹĺݣ׷ױľԼŮ˵ʱ䣬˲ɲ롣
һƵڴϣĳһʥȥ
գ֮ͣʱҲľΪλôˡǰ뱾潣֮󱾹ʶʶҴĮжķɡ

366 еС

û
ľ˵ĵطйݡ
йݽʲô粻⣬йֲͷϷ
һż欵Χڶߣ֮еȻ֮жôĹˡ
ڳϣĻ˻֣ʾΧߵ¡
ôϲܵЩô
ֻǲϰ֬۵ζˡ
Цţһ߿е鼮һ߻شľ
ǹԹԵ˵һߣʱʱĴŷġ
һͷ°׷ŮǰδģȻڲͬЩߵ
ǵǰôʱűȥ˹Ժ
ľڳϣĿ⿴ˮƣȴصǰʱһĻĻ
ʱֹܹͣһ̸жôĺãûκηգֻ֪ΪǣǷ˴ҲΪȥһǳ
ĻǸõʱ⣬ϧˣһжزȥˡ
ô᲻ǵء
Ц⣬ڴ֮ϡ
ԺһиڷĵǰҲһȤ
ǷĻľףףһѾ˷ǣʱʱ䣬һжӡ
˱ˣıˣΪϤΪεҲˡ翵Ѭ֮ľĿŷģ˵ŵ귢жôʹ֪ʱһеһжԼεֳΪ

֪ôԭҵĸĸֳɱ
ϢʱľţΪЩǱĻԡ
ǽأһȴΪĻԣʵʵķš
ֳѾǴǰֳǸǺǻѾˣһȨĹߣһѪΪλɱԼĸ׵Ĺ֡
̾һľһƣеһľˮԾĿɬζ
ǰĽ㣬Ľ㲻֪࣬ĽǸ˵ıҶ˲ϵӡ
ͬľ˵һһʼĽģİݱţ¶ΪУֻҪİߣһб㶼㹻ˡ
ǣ黹ǳŲԤ֪ķչš
ɽ˺ĵԶΥʲôܱѵء
ԣҪĵİ
ľƺڽЩ̧Ѫɫӿ΢΢ѬŮӡ
ʱ䣬ľҲѾǴǰ¶Ů
ģҴӦض
Ҳ֪ľҪʲôӦ鲻ı䡣
ǰһڷǰע⵽Ĵӽйݿʼξδմһ
λˣҶǴĮе裬ζ㴼ӣ
ǰĲ豭Ľ̵ϣù豭ǳһ
ˮ֮ʱǲ˵һζ
ʲô֡
ѡ
飡
ڰ̸˵Լһ̣ԭغϵķűһǿƿкõľžΪһѷϲġ
ǰİݺ嫶ɫ쳣һŷһľ֮ıǰһֻϧĺľǰŮˡ
ʲôѽʱºʹĮɺˣλĿζء
̧ͷ񵭵һ۶ˣͷŲ豭е
ĵ̬ýİݵһĨŭ֮ɫҪǰɱ֮ʣһкŵЦⲻŨȴ÷üͷһ
ôˡ
ԭˣԭϲӣүЩӺҶ˱أ
Ҳ䡣
֪ʱֵĹİЦۣ˿˫֮еΪΣһĿ֮һƬ䣬ֱ¡
ǹĺݣҲɫ΢ߵߣںŵһ˹ҽһߡ
ӲãԵĶʲôܺ˵ЩСʳαҰط
ÿһÿһ仰Ҫ˼ĸйһˣǵӣȺ¾鲻̷жԶԶȻ
Ȼôõط֣ȻǷ
ӷƶɮΪӦòѰֵģţӦòǡ
˵׼㿴˳öô˵׼һʹúֶι˷ٹϵǸ˵Ĵ밡
콭е˿ֲ´һϹԽ˵һ֣е¶ȱԽǺһ֡ǹգգһ˫ЩεĿˣ˵ʲôûô

367 ֮һ

ĹģֻǺ˱ѡ
ĽеζƸľǰľеζƸһ
ľһŷģȻӷĵпһ˿ң鱻ץСӡ
գ˱Եץ˻ȥ
ݡ
İݽסˣеĺ֮ⲻϵӿš
޲ϣڿ˳¾̻֮ء
Խİݵľ棬ǰ˫ۣﲻ᲻صĻظŽİݡ
㻹뽪ʱ·ģͬҲ뽪ʱģĵ鱾үȻᴦ
£תȥֻʣ뽪İݶ˶ս
˵ڵǽĻʵۣİ
رһ侯ζʮĻصҹɫ֮Уݻ˿ջ
˿ҹɫվŵĽİΪΣΨǲʾ˵顣

ĺڷΡ
վķˣǽΨһĻʺ
һĨЦ⹴ڴǣЦȤζʮ㣬УһıϢɢҹɫ֮С
ջС
ջصջķĽˣµڴ˯˹ȥ
õڴװ˯ŵŮӣֻǳ̾һݺ뿪˷䡣
˵̸˫ۡ
ûʲôֵ飬ֻȥȲѣʦô
ĵٶ޴󰭣ǶԹݺ˵ȷʵΪ𺳵顣
Ͼȫ˾ߣԼİŮ˻Ҫȥйݷ¹˵⣬̣Բ̡
գڡ
Įڱ൱Ĵڡ
¡ʢ֮գĮǴɫѤ·˽ϲױݣףǷյϲá
һ죬ǻϴ֣Լϵĳķ˳
ҹɫĮ
һҴĮ˹ϣббĿڼװĴϣ˫ȵΧԵǵ÷紵档
ϣһ֧֧ƮɢдԸף
һ˫ѪɫӿƯںеĻƣҲӳɫԡ
ǲ·ʲô
кȾƵİке˽ĿڷĵϣӱӰȥһ¡
ѲΪôΪʵ۵飬й뿪֮󣬹˼Ҽסүǲˬǽʵ۵ı飬òƷǵһιйݣǰƣ÷֮ǰ
顣
ı˼ҼΪĿԺܸߡ
һνеĶעѹ˹ĵϣлΪݳΪĿԸһЩϾһһ⣬֮ҪԸǿһЩΪүˡ
˵лǽעѹݵϣʼΪΪ֮ʼݡ
ƺһ顣
಻òˣ۷ʱĪҪ˽İˡ
ʱദ˷ֽİݶԷĸ˵ǳ赽˼㣬ΪһˣΪ֮ϵףǳȥǰ飬Ƿѡɾǽİˡ
˵ȻͽİֱӵĹϵܸоõлнİݵĴڡ
˵˺ͺ˵ĻҲǲܵ顣
û԰ɣշԸ񣬾Բԭ½ʵһУϾĺҺͷӵǽİһɵġ
콭ĺҺͷӵʱ˱΢΢仯
Ҳǣĺҵ˵һŮ˵ĺԼΪεУеѰˡ
Ů˵ĻҲԭ½İݡ
Ǿ仰ǲϹӣڶԴİʱͱ飬ȻŨҵúţǲôȥء

г̾һ
ΪѹľŮ֮ء
֮һ־˶ٳԹŮǵٰ
ˣǲһξڼ˵УҲ޷ˡ
ˣûһֵֺĸо
߶Ůӵ֮󣬲ɵ˵ܵ
ƽʱˣܸܵһ˿˿Ѱĸо֪ûиܵõ
ʲôоʲôֵġ
кһ󱭾ƲźС
˵ܸоǱ˸ˣоõô
תſһԵףһ˫ţ֮һ֣ƺڻشźе⡣
˸٣л֮ʱʮ˵Ŀ׷

368 

ʱһϤ˹һҴ󴬣ͣڷڵĴһԡ
ģ롣
˵ҪǰһϷڵĴ󴬣ȴһѳסȥ·
ݵһǳֱľ壬赲ĽŲ
Ӱһ˳ŵӸֳ˿˿Цݣ׻δ˵Ц
ʲô˵ˡ
̬ȺʣӭӭİݳڷС
һ֮ȴƫƫ͹Ƥҩһŷ˷С
ôܲɣ
һѳǰ˫ۣŭź塣
ĻЦš
ùô
һڻʹΪ˱ɲҪ鷳ûºֻ֣ǽѵһ£ٸ鷳ͱˡ
ݡ
Ȼ䣬ʮӺڰз˾綾ֻҪմϱжƬ̱Ҫ
ڵһӺڰз֮ʣʮͻȻΧģеĳǼ˷ĵĲϡ
˽Ǳͻĳŵˣعһ̣İͽǰ

Ų֪ӺδֵĺˣһѰѼĴ󵶼ڷĵĲϣİеĺء
ſˡ
ǺǣǷſҲԣҪɽͼ
˽ĵǱɽͼƬ
ҪɽͼƬ
вķѪɫ˫΢΢һĿں˵ϣֿ˿վǰԶĽİݣЦ
İݣ̫߿ˡ
һӣк漴𵶳ʡ
ֻһƬ֮ʣŵϵѾͷأӿѪԴԴϵڼװϡ
ڰŻʮһٶƷ˺ˣȫɱ
ѪȵζڰУʼգĵĿʼտŽİݣеЦƺ˵ʲô
ΪһжΪΪô
İݴӷиܵʧ䣬ѵ˵Ϊһжı
ʱǷˣֱ˵ǣ޷һɽͼƬѣʦŭͷ
£ĲὪİеΪΣһʧǰ
ǵѾʧеӰİݰŵۣеɫ˿˿֮⡣
Ϊ㡣
һƵ̾ϢصҹɫУصÿһ˵Ķߡ
жȺ˵ʬ壬ÿһʬ϶գ
࣬ô
н˺࣬࿴źʬƵüͷ
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370 ܻ

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373 ޷ڱ

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һâʲô˼
ޱ޾ĺڰ֮Уһâָǰǰһ׹䵽޾Ԩ֮С

374 ֻӲ

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ȥûϵ
һ鲻֪˶ǣĵĿ⿴ɽ졣
˿ڲҩ֮ѾЩȻܽоһ뿪˼»ǲġ
ɾڴʱǰ翪ʼ谵
ҪȫǱһһ
İݡʳʲô
Ųʳ⡣
ܡ
жĻ
Ϊô¶㣬˯һǣΪؼ֮ʱΪ͡
İǰŽ˯ķģ޳ʳָظ͸ŷŭա
ô¶ء
˼ϵЩ֭ҺȻ룬ĮƵЧãĵֿ֭Һû˯˹ȥ
ٺΪΪҲҪԶԶ˩ߡ
İݱŷ뿪ɽɽѾۼһİϥأŻԲѵķ۵һĨ֮⡣
ʺ˼µټȫĨȥ
ǣ¡
ˣ֮ԻôùݵҲκйĵĺۼ
һ죬ŷĵĽİһǰеķ뿪ǰȥķ
һߣ߾ǳ֮УѰҷĵѾ켸ҹûкۣɻҲκټһоǱ˹Ĩȥһ
ףɲʲô
Ķǰոչҡҡͷһ˫еǲ⣬ҿбҩۣǱ𲻳ζ
һǽİݣĨȥĵټ
Ĳ²Ŀԡ
ǵ۾ֵز֮٣İݱ֮һ
ûֿܡ
һԵĺ˫²ֲ̫ܵĿԡ
ʲôܣڻӡ
콭ߴź˵Ŀԣ໺֮ʣ˾ǰ˫һĺɱ⡣
ȻʹĮûзӰӣһе鶼ָİݣĹʵۻ᲻Ὣ˽
ȥ
ͬ⡣
Լ庫ʮƥǶǰѰҷġ
һ̵ķѾǰ·ϡ
ϵӰΰѣһ÷ֲʵǻþĸоʱ䷢һ翵ọ́һһֱ˵Ż
Ǹ˵ʲôֻǾʮֵĶ졣
֮󣬽ǡ
⣬ڷĵϣ˫ۣһ˫Ѫɫıӳ籦ʯ次
ɫĳɢ£תģ߽
ǰһһһģһ磬һ˿İ裬ôôǧ긮ѩ԰
һΡ
һĨԳЦ⸡ڴǣȷԼС
ɴʱڴߵĽİݳڷĵУһüĹУԼĵطξ
İݡ
һԾΪҪ׼İݣ˭֪һ谭ж
Ŷײ쳣峺
ͷȥĵĺڿֵϣ˳ȥһ˵ǿڽİݵϡ

˼ص˼µĶѨУǿסڷɵһô
İݡвô
ûǿסڷɵʱһͷסһǿס˽İݣɷҲ޷
ĪҪˣǧ꺮ƣΪͬǳҲ޷նϡ
İһ䳹׵Ĵ˷ĵͷ
һԼһװĺͽİε˩һһŭķģİȴЦᡣ
ҵʳ֭
廹ЩԵ֢״İźŽİݣкⲻϵıŷš
ֻӲ÷ΪߣΪѾŷ˷ϲԵĲȡ
뷨ҲڶѨпʵġ
ʵڷĽþ֮ʱİҲ˻þ֮СڻþпʲôҲֻнİԼ˶ѡ

375 Щ

ڻþпʵ۵Ϊֻн˽ԣԼ顣
ǣ˽յľٶ
ǰŭŮˣİ֣ظŷĵİ׷ȴһƿ
ġ
İѪɫӣĿ֮еŭֱݡ
ʹ
ĸ֣ӽİݵĿʱ˵ķǳ׵ըˣҲǲһȭݺݵػнİݵϡ
İݣҿ㲻ӽˮǸɵơ
ˣһ䱩ŭĴֿڻ˳
һȭһȭĻڽİݵϣÿһȭ£Ķһ໰
ЩҪģһԵȫˡ
Ϊ˭ʧȥ˺ӣҸŴһؽİΪԼ˭
һȭһȭϵĽİЦţЦôᣬÿһȭ۵ҪɿŷĲѹԼİЦĸǳš
б°⿪һһˣЩıֶΡ
԰꣬ͷסĲֻз˻Ϊ򡣡
֮İݾǲ׼ͬ򿪡
ɷĴţİݸһһΪʵȻؿ۵úܣһж˵á

Ĳٺͽİݾȥ
ΪΪͷʹùϵķƶɣΪҲһʱԿ׿ΪҪƳҪ£Ҫµʱ䡣
İݸһʱޡ
Ҫµʱ䣬ƳֹͬԿףҲ˵µʱ֮ڣİݺͷ˲ҪͬͬסҪһκ顣
ڶң
Ĳɵӣ˽İݻе˼
ΪôҶˣΪԾʵ
վ˷䣬ϥڵϣһϵڱºͷϵһεͷ
ԾΪ棬ͬһʧطƶɣҪͬҪµʱоͼֽ
ԣµʱоͼֽһңңڵ顣
ԣǽİݻʱ䣬浱ɵӲɡ
񣬷Ҳûбѡ񣬶Ҳ֪ʲôԭ书һʧһŵǼȭֻδԽİʲô˺
˫е΢ĸо̧ѪɫӿŽİݡ
ʲô
ڵûɱ˵ɱ˽İݡ
Ȼֽһж˶֣֮֮
ȵ书ָһ죬ýİݸǧٱĴۡ
Ϊô˺ˣ֮ԻˣӦ֭Ĺϵ
˼֮½İݾע⵽飬ҲΪŻ֭÷Ľ˯֮УҲΪˣķ书ǡ
˷ģ۷˱ʲôӣΪ򶼻úõչ㡣

һ֣˷еǧŭ⡣
ڽҲ֪ôˡ
ɫѽ磬Ϊ彡˺Ϊһͬȥš
˵ţİһҲ÷ĲòӴ뿪
һ˩ˣĹϵ˵·Ҳ˾ĸ졣
İֿסֿס뿪֮ʱΥϣ̧ȥڵ۵۹⣬ȴһק˻ȥ
İݣģ
̫ˣΪֻǿѡ
ЦţİߵߣеĶҪİһˡ
һУֺǻصǰǧ긮˭֪Ѿǵʱķĺİˡ
һǽ߸ϵףһҪɱ˽ʵ۸ķģʱǣһʱΣȴһȥԶ˵ĽĽ֣˭Ҳȥ롣
٣һڽİߵġ
ŵĺŭ⣬һٶĽŭԼĺʱİ֣޳ָҪȥİ׷ϵĻ䣬ıܵ࿪İݵ֣ҲΪٶһʱδӦ֮ǣʹһֱ
˻ȥɲƫеײ˽İݵĻС
ѪɫӶ˫ĵۣһһĳ谮
ȻΪܲ˷顣
衭
漸ûڣһһǿԼ˽İݵȫס
ⶼǽİ˹ģĿľҪԼܵĻ档
Բϵ
ƽģƽģһҪƽġ³һƽԼеŭĻǺݺһŲ˽İݵĽϣйԼ

376 νͬ

ʹ
İڽʹ֮иһǧ긮³֮ʱÿÿסǧ긮ѩ԰ڣΪΣٹ֪
˲뵽İĽĴ˻
ˮУİݼһӲιĵߣǰ
ǷһĮὪİݵʾãſӺǲЭĳŲˡ
վһõĴǲ֨΢΢̧ͷĿССĿһ۰׷ºŮӣ˲Ƿô
˵»صʱһŮӣ˶˵ŮӾǷģұΪ˷ֹͣ˶ַ
ΪһжǴԣû뵽Ȼġ
֪ĵĴŵģ߹֮в˶ǽɲԱȻǰĺͱµ顣
ʱıһУҲǵķģҲǵľǧ꣬һĻʵġ
ڿµʱгŵĳʱ޿̲Ҫ˱µƫƫµʲôûһ㡣
Ҿݴ˵߹֮ʱԷĵĳƺǻʺ󣬽Ļʺ
ףҲһŮΪĻʺ
£
վһԵĴ̲ס˿ڡ
ԥʲôǽӳȥ
µǻ꣬ڱµ¹̩񰲣񶼸ʶƵ
ǽة࣬ԴԪ屻֮󣬴˳µĳΪ˽ةࡣ
ةΪ־£ǽɲ֮һһֱǱڳӦ񽪹ڶ̶ʱΪΪǿĹң־µҲˡ
һõĻ˵꣬޷ǾʲôİͿιзȵȵĴףһ仰Ӧóʵˣ˺󹬿һˣ˿Цġ
£ЩǸ󳼼ҼǵŮ
˵ţ־½һϣϻһ޻ഺŮÿһŮɢõĳ
£ة˵»ҪΪõ鿼һ¡
վةߵϽҲ˿Ȱ˵ŽİҪʵ󹬣ɺá
Ϊ˵ƵģȻζȲϷ˰Ƶˮ
ѹû־ºϽĻİݶ룬Ҩһˮ֮͵ߣɷĻһı飬ԹԵĳǰʳ
־ºϽ˾һ۾˸ζ
򲻿ԳΪ󹬵ŮˣҲɣ˭˶֪ĴڵĿġ
ǽڱߣԱ˵һΣյĴڣһ
£ϵŮǸΪŮ²ûϲġ
־һοڣȴİһۡ
ûιʺô
İԷĵʱһֱ飬˵ʱһ飬رɵӶܲĳ˵˾ˡ
޾ĺⲻϵشӽİݵϱŷţһۣ־ºк;ڹٳϻˣǾԻᵱڵġ
İһסĶ˲ٿڣϾ˶Ϊײ˽İݱնס
ٳһЩ
İݼŲԶϳ㽫һ϶˵˷ǰ
ɷȴüҧһϷŻ棬˭֪İݵ˵ѷĳһϳȥٶǵ÷ĸ
ʱ£Ĳġ
Ϊķˣʲôϵ
¶ǣİЦŷģǾٶֱü־ºϽ
ڱ߸꣬һʼĻ̫֮ƽǸʲôӵǶĿС
ǰһǰӭЦˣǿǽĻʵ۽İô
ûпǰ˲ǽİݻ˭еֻΪһˣ˷ֲһ˿һ
вԶһЩ
Է鶼ˣҲûò͵飬Ҫ뿪ˮȥɢɢģκͽİݡ
̣
书ָˣԻýİݸǧٱĴۣԣ
ͬ˼壬סԹŮҲ޷˷ֿ
֮ͬ⣬ȴĽ뽪İһ
κ飬˶ӰΣмֱǶһѣùŮĽѡ
ҹ룬Ŵ󴲲һһܿţߵĴϣİݲұߵĴϣһ˫Ů˯գǵЦԽůšʱԭ˯ķˣЩһԵڵϡ

377 򲻿

ģ
ڰУһصҹɫ
Ҫʲô
ѯŷҪȥ
ѰŽİݵȥһ
򡣡
Ŷˣʳסлκη棬ĺͽİݶεذһ
ҹȻҲ֮һ
޹ϴֺڴϣűİݵһֱԼһͷݺݵ˽İݡ
ʲôûļϲô
ĪҪΪֻǾãá
Ц񾭲Ժûˣϱ˶˶ȱ²Ż㡣
ͷһԵİݣ˭֪Цǵû֮ͣԽŨš
ϣ飬ΪˣΪЦˣ
ΪˣĪҪ

дİĵվŷдֵһĨɬЦ⸡ڴǡ
Ҳ֪ƽάֶãֻϣͻȥ飬½ܱ¡
Ͼ¼Ψзһ˱µģϣܹͺãǳϡ
һԿף۶ϳΪ뻳Уû˺ҹ
ա
أľͱŮѣϴһ֮󣬻һɫŮװȹȹŵһֻչ᰿ķˡ
ֻлʺʸ񴩴ͼڵ˵ķΣüһ壬žеӰӰ񣬷ĽڷӰ˳һԡ
ʲô
ۿһɫ۵ĽİݣĵĿǲơ
ΪȻҪϳٹѾȺʱˡ
֮⣬ҪϳҲҪһϳ
ߣûлĻӦҵݡ
ѽİݣһǽˣͽûаϵκݳڽĳ֮ϡ
Ҳ֪һڽĳϣٹٴǻ˵ɺͳ֮Ļ
˲õģǽһ֮֮ϵĻʺΪߣ˸˵˵ĲǣΪȻնʾڡ
İݾ仰жǶԷĵĳ磬⻰ڷĶȴһ˼
ʲôһ֮֮ϵĻʺҷĲκ֮£ΪĻʺ󡣡
һٶǿԼݣĿҪصʧȥһУҪΪ˭˭Ļʺ
һ֮֮ϵȻϵ˼ҪΪһһ仰Ľ͸ô
һĨЦ⣬ŨҵĹڴ֮ϡ
аĵйһ˿˿⣬ζԲˡ
˵Ϊнһʲôһ֮֮ϣ

Ŀһ֣ǵýİݹЦɷ˵ŷĵֳȥ
ɿңԼߡ
ʹ̫Ϊǣŷ˲ŷġ
ײһöİݴʱһ
ôˬҲֻ˽ʹ
Ȼ̫һ£һɫ۵Ľİݳٹǰ֮ϣǰȻĵ֮ðٹٹڵϣиߺꡣ
֮ʱڿİһϮɫ۵İ׷Ůӵһ̣һסˡ
ֻнʺʸ񴩴Ҳû˵ʲôʱ˻ʺ󣬶׷Ů˲ǷĻ˭
԰׵Ŀ׷ڷĵϣһŲžʣ֮ѰһĽͣΪʲôĻͱһ֣ͬϴŷۡ
£
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־¿˵ʲôİлʾ̫ʥּ
˻ʵگԻСĲŵ¼汸
һλǵӾз֮ʱʥּдЩһ־䶼ڿŷƷ¼ţ£˵ķԼǸͷβҸŮˡ
֮ʥּҪľһ飬İݷΪĻʺ˲죬ȥˡ
£ɣ򲻿ɰ
ϣٹٷ׷׹ڵϡ
һ֮صĴ£˲ʾͷ˷ΪʺǴȥʧ˽治˵ʹĮЦΪͬҲѶ֮ڡ
Բ˳ʸΪĻʺ
ɣ򲻿ɡ
־Ϊ׵سڵϣһж˵ŴʱϺ񷨵ȵȻ
һԵϣŶȣһϷı顣
ô죬Ϊء
һ仰һֶ͸ŵ٩Ц֮⡣˵Ҳ뵽İݻͻȻ䲼ʥּΪʺ󣬿ɼ˵ıԲԸΪʺһҲʡԼĿˮʱúÿϷΪá

378 һͬϴ

˷ģΪ˵ǽʺǽʺ˭棬ɱ˱ǡ
һɱ˱˵ļΪɣҲ־µһڳкһ
ˣ仰Բ˵˵ѣȥͷصĽ
ɷҲܳΪĻʺ󣬾Բԡ
£ϳһ飬һ󣬱Ҫ¡زźá
־һתһƲ
ΤڣӣƲ֮٣ʵʱʲô
־µĻ⵽һڳͬ⣬ʱ䣬ֲʥϵ˼ԴֶΪء
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ǿûʸΪĻʺ󣬴ĿǻǶ÷ڽ
ϳ㿴ҿ㣬㲻˵ҲܲµԷ˼Ŵһµ֪
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ͱ־ºϽڳлˣȨĵĹԱ
Ȼһоһ㡣
ǣ
ЦţѪɫ˫ЦŨ򦾲ؿǰһС
ʱ꣬İݻǸＫ֮ˡ
࣬޲ڵʱ䣬ˣ˵ĳ
һ䲻Ũصڣ̺ŵѹ·һ˫εĴֺݺݵס־µһ㡣
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İݴһӣͼУһľ䣬װ˱
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ĵĿɨһһСľӣĻϤˡ
ѺӸù
ǣʺ󡣡
һʺǵ÷һǰۣùӣװɽͼĲƬ
Ҫˡ
װŵɽͼĲƬ˵ǰĽһɽͼƬ˻УȻû¶һϷ
ʲôǽԼҵĹԱȨı˽̰νӷͬ˲ѵŹô
İһֻۣһƵˣϧ֣÷ĺǲˬ
ţʺ˵ûӷͬ˰ȥְѹΣĲƲȫ⡣
¡ϳԩ²ΪһŮ˵㴦ϳϳԩ
һ־ıѹΣԭֵĴ˲䰲
˾鷸֮˵δ
һΣİŷҪδ෸ˣĻع¿ŽİݣҪǹʹô
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ɱ֮죬֮֮
ȫ֮ԣˣϽɣȫѺΣλͽīΡ
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£ԩԩ
££ԩģԩġ
ϽɱΪԼӹһ٣ⲻ֪ͱİݻ˺֮С
ڽİ뿪ǰ߾ʹĮʱ棬˲飬Щƿ֮С
ҲʱһʵѪҺˡ
һʱ䣬İݽɷ֮ڴ˲ĹԱ˵ĹٳѪŪһЩϳĻ̡̻
֪İԼǹãĻִ˲ƣ˸ָԸ˵̷ñһ񺮵ĹԱǸǺĲԡ
֪ΪɶڵǾñºͷǾ䣬һһܣֻиûݡ
ĵĿĺܼ򵥣ȻİҪ棬ȥˡ
ҹɫڽС
ļĽʮֵȣϵڳ˵ı䣬ǽһ㺹ˮճճĸоʮַꡣ
ǸҿұϹ۾
ˮϣȫԡصˮ֮ż֮С
һټԡƮɢŻ꣬Ǻҹҹҫ֮ȱһšʱˮһӰ߽ߴ޳ӰǽСķӰ֮£һ˫͸ȼŵ֮ɫ

379 ٷ

ˮصڶߣ֮ĻԽΣյϢ
һӰĻعǽ߽Ľİݡ
ˣ
޳ָĶǰĳմȾˮĳָһ̣һĨ֮С
İһǰĽ£ƺܵʲô׷ɢ
ҵȻ֪ԼˣһβҪѣУԶһ㡣
ҪӽİݵĽ뿪
ۿŽİеɫԽŨأ֪ΣźŵķİԽеã쿪ƿİݣ˭֪ȴһ˫ֽץס
ſҡ
Ϊ򲻻ٷſ֣ڲᣬԺǲᣬһһſ㡣
£籩йѹõУŷĵĴǡ
֮İ£İݻſ֡
㻹ǰĻƭô浱ҷŪô
˦֣תߣɲˮأ˱İݴס
˺һ·˺ѵײİݵĻһһĻصڷĵĶС
ûƭ㣬Ҳƭ㣬ǰ뱣ƽɲ֪Ϊսϡ
ˣҲδ˺ġ
ûС
ӲҪ˺ġ
Ůˡ
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˵֮£˵ĺһһŮ뿪߹Ů˾Ƿˡ
ǣϣ˷ĻŵϢ
һΣٷ֡
۷ʲô顣
رɽӵתҲԲڷſĵ֡
ɫڷĵϣİݵָظݺύİ̺ۣš
ˣΪ򲻻ٷſ㣬
˫ӵŷ뻳İݱ˫˯˹ȥ
вϢ˯УصһƬɫĻС
Ʈ㣬Ʈɢؼ䡣
һƬָ⣬ĺᵽ˵Ļ㡣
ʱؼһ㺢ͯЦãԶһɰСŮ
СŮһ˫ƺǳһ㣬գһ˫۾ߣԹԵϡ
ôһƲֵӡ
СŮѯŷΪʲôġ
Լ˫ϵСŮһĪϤо֣˫ظĳ
Ʋ֣ôֻЩãˡ
ãɶɶãģǷģϲϲϲᡣ
СŮĻǵ÷Ц
⺢ôСʱһӣ˵Ʀ
һɰģƫƫåˡ
УҲŲ㣬Լʲô
Сƨô໰˵ѵô
һСƨɣıʾʮֲˬСŮѹûĸ˲ˣӷĵűϵĻꡣ
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СŮתͷһ˫תǳķŷġ
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ҸŵĵطͬԿףĿǰֻ
ĻϵͬʾĺԼʮʱ뿪ʹȥһҿջţӳ飬˳һ·ǧСӡ
ģһڽĻʹΣա
ͬˣôܲΧڷߵΣգΣ֮Увİݡ
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ˣ̾һ࣬ΪЩҵ岻ڵʱ䣬ҪúõչԼʲôʵĵطɽ˴塣

381 ûθ

ˣչڷҲûᣬıǶ
ǰ°׷ŮˣԼһҪȴǱ˵ĺۼеĺŨһ֡
岢ûнϸڸˡ
֮Ի˵ղһҲΪǵİȫ룬Ȼ÷֮ء
ǡ
ŷڲŵĺۼаٰ㲻ζ
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һ仰İ˺֮ľ롣
ų̫ĺҵİҲ֪ڷĴ޼ɽ֮ʱ嶼ҡ
ǴǰڿʼķȻϣ뿿
ǵصĺϵرŷ֮䣬˵ɫҲ쳣š
ʹǰͱĺݵˣʾһҪעⰲȫǡ
ܲģͬŵķֻڻʹ֮УùݵֻĿŷİؽİߡ
ģһᾡùԿס
ãʱҪСһЩ˴ɽͼ⡣
һζŹĵҪɽͼĪҪ˶ߡ
ŽʧеˣĹϵЦ
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İݵĻѾԼ룬ڽĽڣԹݵ֡
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׼ſ֡
ԽţİԽǲſ֣ڹŮ̫ྪֵע֮£һԹ޵ȭߣһ۳谮ȭͷϡ
ŮǴδı£ǰı°˸¶ᱻԼ̡
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İݼĲԼɴıڻǰò͵ˮ鿣һڴֻܷ׷׺ÿ·
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ıİݱˮ鿣һζѾ׼ˡ
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¡
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ĵߵɨһܺܺϵĻϤǰǧ긮ʱҲֻʮֽ²ŻͼƵĻš
㾪š
İݷеĿӣӹܺܺĻȥ֮ܺдŵݡ
ڿĩβ֮ʱһ˫üѾһ
˿ɣغɽͼ
ܺ˷ĵǰİݲںһܺкεҪĻ֮¡Ҳܺϵİֽֽ֣д֮ʣҲİݳͬı顣

382 Ůк

ܺм˹ɽͼƬķ֮أһĹ֮Уİɽͼõ֣˭֪ͻȻ˺˽ɽͼƬˡ
Ҫ֪ɽͼƬ϶Ϊһ֮ʱγһɽͼʱѰͼָֽķλҵʵıء
кܶܶҪõɽͼҪĵȻıأҪɵйҪΪµİ
ǧʱ֮Уֻ޼˵ĵõɽͼĲƬɽΪһƬҲŪЩ˼ƵΣա
ķҾһܺõӡ
ĽеܺһԣѪɫ˫΢΢̧𣬿Žİݡ
ʱ°ҿĿʲô
ŽİΪνдɽͼܽ
ⲻ뽪İݵķ
ŷĵĻһĨ³谮ЦݸŨҵĹڴϣİӣһ㣬˷ǰС
Ϊ֪һֱҪõɽͼͶðˡ
Ȼأ۾µĻӦÿܺŵ飬ɽͼѾ˸ˡ
ˣò˵ڴĮ顣
ڴĮ֮ʱڵգһȺͻȻ֣Ŀıɽͼ
ʼΪЩǽİϷģǺе˷֣Щ嫺ĵˡ
嫺߹֮ϴԤοǴĮڵƫԶ֮أ嫺ĺĮɽͼʵ˷˼
бȻӴʲô񻹲顣
˼ĿԣûĿʼնŽİݡ
˵ɽͼˣĹѨھ뽪ԶĳУûȤΪһǰ֪̽һ
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ǰĹѨҲҪǰһ
Щ˵Ŀɾɽͼ
ɽͼһڽİУһԼУ䲻ǾɽͼĲƬѰҵȻıء
֪ΪΣһֺǹĸоȺ˵ĿӦòΪ޾ıô򵥡
գʹ
أı㱻һ߶ˣЩ죬ȵųǰһŭ֮ʱǰһŭݵŮǺˡ
ڴϣѪɫӿ
֪ĻΪŮǹ׽ġ
ǽİݣԴӶ˱֮ͬ󣬽İݱ㽫й񶼰ᵽ˷дΪı˷ĵ˯
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ΪֻҪˣʱĥ֮£һ˷ġ
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ǲƽΪʲô÷ĻţΪʲô
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Ϣһ̣û˻ˡ
ƫƫֻ˹»Ĵ˽ĻʹǵŰٹȺǰ˷ΪĻʺ
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У
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Ļ£һһĻصڷĺͽİݶ˵ĶУֻЦҡҡͷ
е˰ɣһα˿֮ͻǵνѵȵ´˵µʱСλŮкȴǡǡ෴

383 ˿

λŮкԼ˽İһк޹˼ɣ治֪ɵȱŮôڵġ
Ƚɵӡ
ԡ
ɵ˻ɵأϧɵûУԾǺߡ
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һ˫΢΢İе޲ȴ̲ܵŵŭ⣬ƫƫĳŮ˻ΪԼĻ˽İݵģʲôЧ
ȴǲһЩЧɱİˡ
Ӧѷ𽪹ʹò׼̤뽪벽Ŷסڿڡ
ô
İݻеӣ޳ָûϷֱ
գ֮䣬İݱ˾

ְڡ
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ŮԾĹѾһٶΪξͲء
·Ҳﲻˡ
ˡ
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İݵĻֳʤ񣬾Ӹ¸ŷģһĵжôˡ
ɵץ뿪֮ʱըë
ſңץˡ
ҪѿκνСĸĶֻ֣İ֮һʧ֮С
Ƭ֮Żع׽İǾ仰˼˵ģҪ÷ġ
£֪ˣİݸ磬İݸ粻Ҫ
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УѾ׵׵ʧ˶ߣһת֧򦣬ڴ۵Ľİݣʮֵ٩˵š
ʱΪһСŮʵһֵõ顣
ĵĻİ΢΢Цع޳ָĶǰɢһư׷׷˳
˵ˡ
˵ˣڽʱô꣬ûйҲпͣ񽪻ʱĽʮŮʵĺ
ЦţЦʲôö˵İȻеζ
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Ϊ˵ĴϣǷ˷ŵôʡ
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ΪŮˣѾŮȻСŮһʳƺԼˡ

İһ˫ǳ谮Ц⣬ָķһ仰֮дĵط
СŮδŮӶԼĳƺǰķˣԷСŮһԳƲ
ŽİݵĻİѪɫ˫
˵ָˣ
ɫı仯İݵȻ֪СŮʲô
Ϊδϣ۷˱ʲôΪ򶼻ᰮ㣬ߣ
İһ黰ǶˣҲҪ
ɷȴ˫ۡ
Ͻʱ²ġ
ĪҪΪ˼Ƿ˺¼һˣΪֻһˡ
ʲôԽԽڣ˵ıˡ
ôİݣת˫˯˹ȥ
ˡΪûԵ˼
Ůǧ򻯣ǷˣһĨȴ۵ЦݸڽİݵУͷؿڷϣİݼۡ
һ˯һʱ䣬ʱѾˡ
Ǿ仰ΪˣʳסжҪһ𣬾ϲҪͬͬ
˶Ӳô

ϲиôһε顣
ǸεĻǴڶ
ڶԷľһԵѡ
һĽʹһ̨Ľڸϵҡ
ôˣɫΪѿ
İݿŷĲ԰׵ݣ˲両ֳ֮ɫע⵽һϮϵѪ֮ʱ˲ˡ
ȷ˵İǰıڻлص˷䣬Ů׼һҪĶ
ڴߣȵĴŷĵĸһĻǰһ
ɫ԰׵ķڴϣƿİݵҲûοȽĸڽİݵ֮»һЩҲ÷ûʲôٶ
Щô
һֱڷ࣬İݶһ֮ιĵߣǶСˮһ̵˷ġ硭ô۵û˵۲ۺòÿô

384 

ڵŮƢ꣬͵ˣʹĥֱȵʮ̡
Ƽ֮ľˣʱ޿̲ĥŷġ
ڴһ붯ľڴ˯˹ȥ
һҹʱ䣬İݶչŷģ˱㵹ڷ࣬˫۽ӵڻУϵ¶߻Ůӵĺ䡣
һϡ
˫֮ʱŽԼڻеĽİݣǰֳǰǧ긮֮ʱһĻĻ
Цж
ԺеӰ˵ͷȫ˦ߡ
ˡ
İ˫ۣһ˫۶˫Ѫɫ˫
ǽİˣҲ֪еŮ˹뿴Ļʲôı֣һϡ
һֱֻǰڹȥ϶ѡ
ӵŷĵȸǽһ֣İ븽ȥݺݵ˫Ҳˣķڱʱڣǲá
ʲô
ûθڡ
ƿ˽İݣһЩ룬һľ롣
ǰһΪ˸һЩůθůˮ
İŷһЩŮʱҪõˮʱվ
£лʺķɸ봫顣
ɸ봫ڹ⣬ûд򿪿еݣȻҲû⵨
ϾŵǷģǰʹ򲻹ģοˡ
ɸ봫齻˷ĵС
һֽĿд֮ʱһ˫üͷ
ĵı仯İѯŷʲô顣
ôˣ
һԲ÷Ե仯İݵĿ⵭ɨһֽϵݣдź˳ڽĿջϮʮˣˡ
µʮ˽ǲ麣еļ֮ˣҲ֡
ʮ˱˰ˣȺ˵ݾʲô
ɲ鵽Ⱥ˵Ļʹ
رµĻ˵ĻʹвȷǱְ鵽һ㣬Щ˶Ǵ嫺书ǿ΢鵽һ顣
˵ԼĹں˵һЩϸڡ
ǰ½½˳֣ӴĮʼһֱ˽еĿıȻǷĺͱеɽͼƬ
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ݵĸΪһЩĻĮϳֵĺĹѨɽͼƬԼ˷µĺȣȫȫһȺݰ
˷ʮ˵֮
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룬ֹѪҩߡ
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ݣɲ鵽ʲô
һŴϣ콭˿һԣĿеĺ쳣ݵĿˡ
ɽͼƬûʲôϵھͽɽͼƬϵƼ档
Ŀοˡ
һЩůˮɣӲ㡣
һ۱㿴˷ϵڷĸеҽ˿ڵʱǰΪһЩůӵˮˮ
֮ܰѪȵζڿУĽӹеΨҨһ׷
ĻǰѿΪɽͼƬ˶ߵ˼ǽš
ĲɽͼĲƬҶȺɽͼĲƬҲûϵ
ָָԼԴɽͼȫϾû²Ҫġ
Щ˵书ʮô
ѯŹĺݣ˵ԼҲ˵Ķ֣ʹһЩвȡʤ
ָԷֻˣȴظ֮ɽͼƬ˻£ʵ˺Ҳ˲⡣
⹫ϹҲڶ̶̵ʱЩ飬Щ˾ʲôֻǵ嫺ôŷĵ⣬ĺݶӿ˶Էһۡ

385 ֮

ʵĴشĵ⣬˼ãԺֻȺ˵书
˵Щ˵书ʮ˵ǹ졣
ԣǹ졣
һһʽƽ𣬿ÿǽʱܸоһǧУ͹㼰ʱҲڴ˵ĺˡ
ԽԽ˼ңֹ첻˵˵ѣҲΪԼܱɽͼдʡ
˵ɡ
ʾһж͡
Դ鷢ڣݻ֮Уþ޷԰Ρ
Ⱥ˵书أһֵֺͺһߣǹҲ޼¡
ĽνĹ֮أ
˵һ㣬Ⱥ˵书ʮֵġ˵ǹ죬˵
һȫ
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˸˼ƵʱϳƤ֮⣬кԵĶɵˡ
Ƕγɵ˿ڣһڱƤγһӡǣЩ˺ֻǴƤ˿˺Ѷɺͣʵ˲⡣
һʱ̣ҲҲʲô˵ǰһϵ״
ŹĺݵĻ٣Щ˾ʲôˡ
ڿջͣһʱ䣬Ժеļ佫ɽͼƬ»
еɽͼߣûĻһǰʹӽİȡɽͼˡ
˷ģΪһ߾ȫİһɽͼ
İݵĿڷĵϣеĳصÿһ˵ĶߣȻźܲʵˡ
ǿܵɽͼˣˣҲֻеȺǰʹȡɽͼƬ֮ʱ׽һ򾡣һѩǰܡ
صʹʱѾϵʱˡ
ڴ˼Ű飬˸ϵ˿ϸϸĻһ¡
ԽţԽǾЩ˿Щ˼飬˼ķ롣
ʲô
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397 ˵ʲô

вĽīɭɭķ䣬ò֯Լ
ǸʲôǸǲǰɣڱĵҰ
Ϊ޼ɽ壬Ҳػ߹嫺֮ˣīȻǲԸ˭ӦǸ˵ԭ飬Ҳֻˡ
űԼɵ责īǰһĿһ֮Ũһ֡
ɽͼǽºͷУҪһŵĻʲô顣
īĿɨˣеôĿˣˣֿʱ
īĻصÿһ˵ĶߣʱһֱλϵھŽī
ȻһɽͼڽºͷУλôأ
бĺ
ɽͼֻһݣкܶˣһɽͼôֵء
ھҪʵģҲҪ˵ģֻīôһ֣Ҳʳˡ
˭֪ھͽīͣһĻ˵Ҫ֪ʲô
ھ˵һɽͼֻһݣô˶ҪõأǶɽ˽δɽͼǶɽģ˵һɽͼҪôźá
е߶ڽİݺϷĵϣȴŶ˵Ļش
ʱһֱڿϷλõĽİݺϷĶ˻࿴˶Էһۣеĳ˫Ѫɫеĺ䶼ױ˴ʲô
ֻҪһ񣬶˱ˡ
־Υĸоڶ˵УأջߣٿŽİݵĿ⡣
ָĸо
ܼ򵥡
ЦţЦĺ峺һϮһͷ׷һ˫ѪɫӣټǵȻЦݣ֪С
ָоȫȫһݣȡ
׵ȣ鲻Խĸ飬Ǹ˶޷ȵˡ
˵Ǿβתһǲ٣ˣ˻Ȼˡ
ܼ򵥣νļʲô˼
ھģߵ˲ϲ
ܼ򵥵˼ϵ˼
ĺھϵϷ͡
ǰһĻͽİԤеģҲǼƻ֮еһ֡
ɽͼַ˵ΪҪȻеıأȡ֮֮ߵĽƱȺʿ˵Ҫеġ
Ȼɽͼԭֻһݣô˸ֲȺҲ˻׼ˣͱͷѪҲǡ
ģ׼һС
λԶΪɽͼȻ֪ɽͼֻһݣ÷ְ
΢΢̾һϵɽͼ˵ĿҲ˫ֿȥϵɽͼ
ҪľὫɽͼʲôˡ
޼ɽīĲҪɽͼĻǻ˭
ɾڴʱĵһ仰˲侪㵵ϵı޷ݣһŴͣȥʮ
԰׼ɽͼӡ汾
׼ɽͼӡ汾Ͳˡ
£һӣ˵ĿĹŮǣŹŮоẉ̂һֽֽŵ·֡
ϸȥ·ͷǼɽͼƺ
λģҷȻûʲôǼͼֽĿеġ
˵ţǰͬŶ죬İڷ֣࣬޳ʳָɢҵĳãǾٶúܣг˷ûˡ
ˣڵעжôĶһŰֽ
Щǣ
޵ŮˣǽĻʺ󡣡
˵ʱ򣬽İת˲亮鲼ʾ˸ıԷĵĳƺôʡ
ѹڵޱ˵ʿ
ǵеϣſˮĿ䱸ĿŽİݡ
֮ˣŷϢ˲С
գ˸˿ڡ
ʺЩɽͼӡ棿
һοڳƺŷΪ˺󣬿ɷѹͲˣлɽͼɽƵֽš
ԭص˵Ҳǣ˵Ҳǣεվ
˵ǲˣ
ˣһ˰ӡ
īȥˣ֮˾ȻİݺͷĻһһ㶵ģǸʿˡ
ȻĵļƲЧˣȺѾ֪˵˷ĵ֮СЩɽͼӡ汾˵ӡ汾ԭ޲𡣡

398 ǧ

գǽīεУ֮ˣЩֽŵɽͼɽͼӡ汾
Ȼ˵ӡ汾ǺԭûκεĲ𡣡ȻһʼȴһЩֽţ룬ҪҵĹѨеõɽͼıأõĻȻᾭһ裬βȺ˳Ϊ̤ʯȺ໥ɱ
ʱ֮
īȻɽͼǶϷǳʲôƫҵҲ֮ء
λǻҷˣ
Ƚī˵ȿڿ˵ˡ
漴һɽͼӡ汾ϣһĨЦ⸡ֶ
ڱ˿ЦǫϤĵ˶֪ǫôдѹͲָ֪ĵֵ档
˵ĴһĨЦݴʲôûбȽİݸ׵ˡ
ǽīǺɵĿŷģ֪Ҫˣȴ֪Ů˾Ҫô
Ƭ֮󣬽ī˷ΪʲôôЦˡ
ֻĽһɽͼͼֽУһӣһԵĹŮһֻѾȼ˵
Ŀ֮£Ľɽͼӡ汾ϣֻɲǵʱ֮һɽͼӡ汾Ϊ˻ҽ
Ĳɽͼıأ͸λĿĲһҲ֪ɽͼ٣Ѹλһ䣬Ȼ˵Щɽͼӡ棬ޡ
˵ţһɽͼӡ汾֣ǰ׼ȼա
ȵȣ㣬ʺȻƭǵġ
ŷôȻŵġ
ڵ£ݲǲŷģϾɽͼֻһţһӡ汾ɽͼ˵ɲһĺϢ
ΪҪȥһ˭뵽ôǰ
Ȼɽͼд
ʲô
ǽʺǷʺȵȵȵĳƺ÷ķУƫƫһԵĳЦʮֿġ
Цʲô
ûУΪֻǾ÷ࡣ
İڿĵʱǳŨҵİĸоڿ˵ʱ򣬵еĺǺµķѩһ߲֮
ɾΪ׵ܵܵĽīҲϰ־棬һһķһһ谮ĽİݣȻĶԻʵϸкޣеذ
׻˵úãжôĺ޾жôİ໥ţɷһʱǲܿеһԨĺҺ̥Է˺ܴӰ졣
ʵϸҪˡĻضҪһʮּѵĵ·ˡ
ɿİƣƺ׼ȥľġ

ŮŮ֮鰮ǾҪء
գĬϵ£һӡ汾ɽͼ˵С
˵һӡ汾ɽͼҲ޵ģҪõɽͼȫǲܵ飬ӡ汾ɽͼҲҪķ䡣
ͽ˽īͽİܹˡ
һƬ֮ʱʱѹīѹȥˡ
ôΪȥɢɢġ
û˵뿪˴
ڵпȺˣϷһʱˣҲЩƵûš
뿪¥ײصڿУĿϣųʢ
͸ŵ֮ܰʱվĽİǰ˫ҪĻڻС
ûȽİǰ߼оһŨҵɱӿ
ʵۣ
ͻȻڽİĺԼٶȻӽϷɭİ׹⣬еɱƱҪİʬһĳš
һ죬еĳͬϣĵĿƵתҲźˡ
Ҫɱޣ㻹Զ
İݴһӣͽֱ㳯źɱ˹ȥȻһֱţδ·硣
ߣƾ㣿
һγǰĲ÷ɫһ㶣ں˺ͽİ׼һβһʱ򣬷ǰһһӣŵժ
ǧԡ
˲ǷǧԻ˭
ųӣһ˫ɫʪˡ
㣡
ʱʱ䣬һνŽһ֣ǧ
֪Ĵ˼׹֮ʱǧԲһǰ߾ɵ˼֮µʱֻĺҵĹ˼µס
ѾˣǰǸɬ꣬һοĵʱ򣬷ǧǺ˫ۡǰһԵĽİݣǧһѽıڻУ˵Լ˼

399 ܶ

㡣
ء
㡣
ء
㡣
ڣ
ǰǧһһĽŽ㣬һһ鲻䷳Ӧš
֮ܶ䲻Ҫ˵ٶһеһж㼯һĽ֮С
վһԵĽİɫĿŷǧԣΪǧԴɱоˣԼŮ˱˱ţǷĵĵܵܣͬС
İǰȽܶɸӲĽǧҽı˻С
ſҽ㡣
ǧʹ֮ǰȥ˹˼ҵĿջ˽һЩеϸڣҲŶ֮ô¡
ǱУֻΪɱ˽İΪ㸴ҵ˺ʵʱȺ׼ɱİݡ
ɿǰһĻǧԵĿضŽİݣĿɱ˵Ļİһǧ˰ٶˡ
Ƿ˵ĵܵܣղŷ鲻׷Ůбʲôֵ飬ݹ޲
İһ仰Ÿ˷ǧԣɱԣǾԲԶԷκԽ飬Ƿ˵ĵܵҲԡ
Ůб𣿡
ȷǧԿ˵ЦţתͷŽԼڻеĽİݣȻһݺݵײŽİݵĸ
˵ЦˣŮбǶԱ˶ԡ
ɿ֣ҪȻ֪ʲôŮûб𡣡
¥ĲУĽһζƵ˷ǧԵǰǵõܵϲʳˡ
һЩȻ˲ϲʳﻹǲġ
ҲһЩѣЩǸոĸ㡣
ĽƵ˷ǧԵǰİֽ·˷ĵǰһι˷ĵߡ
Ǿٶĺ޲ιʳһԵķǧǽüͷ
㣬⹷ʵʲôı
ܽİݶԽ̬ʮֵĳ谮ǰ顣
Ҳȡȵõ֮˵
˵Źڶ֮ʱԼΪ˳ͽİ֮ǺĹϵ
÷ǧԲ⣬ֻʮֻóʱҲеϵ
жԽİţΪ˽㣬һҶ
㣬˴ү˵ȥ߾š
ţ˭֪ȴܵ˽
ʱδĿǰѾ˵ˣеЦʮֵ͡
ôˡ
ܿóܵĿѣҲϵ˿е֪˷ǧΪܸԼежôļࡣ
ûʲô಻ģֻҪΪ㸴ɱ˹ʵʲôֵá
ǰһϮһͷ׷һ˫Ѫɫ˫Ľ㣬Ϊܵܵķǧ֡
ʱܹסģҲ֮ᷢһϵе顣
ΪĲϣǹģݣˣǷǧԡ
ûһ첻ţԼ½Ļôһһжᷢ
ڲǺܺôûϵġ
ôῴǧе飬ŷǧԵͷ̬ȳЦš
ЩעҪģҲ㲻ȥֻҪܻһжЩϣô
š
˵Ϊ̫̫Ҫ˵ڵĻջǻһ֡
˵һֻҪţһжϣ
ʵҲվġ
ոݵĲ裬ϲȵĲ衣
ĺͷǧԶеϣָʲôײˣƫƫİݵʲôûһ㣬һιĵߣ̬Ծǳ谮ʮ㡣
վһ
̾һڣ¼ûбȱ¸ĵˣɵڸͷֻ֮ѡһȻ˵Ѿþеķӱȫģɲ֪ΪΣʱһж
ûаձƻõķ֮ķˡ
ڱºͷ֮便ô˭֪ء
һУȱµȵ֮Żתɡ
վһ۰°׷ķģһĨ۵ףתűߣ˫Ǹֳһ˿ֵЧ档
ڷĺͱ֮ĹϵΪг΢ģϣٷʲôõˡ
ߣܶ˵֮з飬һԵĽİʱʱĲһ죬۵
һߵ¥֮Уīɽͼӡַȥԭʼ汾ɽͼֳ߷ݣֱ𽻸ߴŵţһ˸ȷӡ汾ɽͼαˡ
ȻɽͼһļƻǰصĵصѰұأٶȵõ˵ʱʱ죬ڵõɽͼ֮ԭΪ¥գ֮տ޼

400 Ͳõô

¥еʣ޼ǴҴ֮ˡ
ڽīҲ׼ת뿪¥ʱһӰסȥ·
īͲõô
סīȥ·ĲǱǶɽھ
ԭͣ¥еһƣ׷ת뿪һ
˭˶֪֮ĶԹԹϾڽī޼ɽھڶɽĵλҲʮֵĳߣһսҲóְ˭ȥȽϿס
ҪõܵõõͲҪ黹Ҫô
Ÿ۾ھ˻־ھݣô޼ɽ˵Ҫھ߳һȼ
οֲĶ֣ǿڶɽȺϲ֮ϣƾڽΪʹھĹˡ
ҪҶ˶ҷ֮ĶԹԹõΡ
ھһ仰ýī΢΢üͷ漴һ˿˿Ц⸡۵ףЦжôɢˡ
ǸЩ߰飬ܲܵõҪھıˡ
£īھϵı飬뿪¥ֻһھɭĿŽʧеĽī
ߣīΪ޼ɽҾͻɵ㡣
ھһſʵݱжôеĺҪīʬһ㡣
֮ĳվҪ˽ģһΣǶ˷ֳߵ͵Ĺؼ
īҪҲҪ˭³ֻ
ھˤ뿪¥ԭַǷ¥ҲֻʣһЩɨĹŮ̫æµš
ȺӢĻˣɽͼҲ׷׷ŸҪõһ˵ȣڻҪһڷǰ
Ǳǡںδ
ɽͼѾ˰ɽͼѰұأڱ֮С
ڵõɽͼ֮һѰģʽ
οȺ˶֮ˣܶ˶аԷˮ֮˵ѰұȻ¡
ǣжõģʵжȷʵϼѡ
ʲôһ㣬ҵ˲رķλҲص׼ȷص㡣
ΪһṩɽͼҪ֮ˣѾԼĿģҪɽͼ֮еıء
ԣѰǱҪŷĵġ
ĸߣűͬŵĽİҲҪߣҲΪ˱ĵİȫ
ݺʮƥȻҲ߱ŷġ
һڻʼҰΪ˱İݵİȫҲҪҡ
˲䣬һģӴѰƺƵĳھ뽪֮Ļ֮ء
һƬ֮һӵĵƣ˭Ҳû뵽ɽͼյλû
ͼֽʾķλνıӦһƬɽˮأҵλüѵķλ˰ɽͼѰãҵ˱ڵء
ɽأˮأɽͼעķˮ
ǰľ˻ɳǻɳҲһ˿˿νضֱʲôط
ǲҴطˣȻʾôƵض
īżֲУͷϻñӣһжôˡ
ɳĴţѩգȴҪ
ĽȻȻˣûǽȻʵ˷ˮ֮أʦ˵ضǱؿɽˮѣǰĳأأ
ûֻһ޼ʵĻߺʹݲ
Ҳǲ⣬Ȼû뵽صλþ񽪹֮Ļ֮أһƬضƺĹѨӰӡ
һȥɳͼɽˮһ˼Դǰľʵ˷ѽ⡣
ھǶɽԿǸ֣һضǲǱص㡣
īĻص˶ߣǵöɽһ˵ĿʮֵĲơ
޼ɽҵȾһɽʲôעԼԴʡ
Դʣɶοû˵֪Ƕɽаͨһ㲻Ѱɣ˵ɽҪ̡ͱأߴ·Ҫء
īֲ¶˵ŻһһĻص˵ĶУЩʲô˼һĿ׷תŶɽÿһˡ
˲䣬ɽΪʸ֮ء
īݺˣǶɽ֮˲Ųһ˽
ǺðǾͷھһ㣬﾿ǲǱڵλáīЦţŶɽһڵӵı飬ЦҪôļжôļ

401 ·ʯ

Ϊ޼ɽǶŰԣοĵб˸һЩһ㣬񲻻׼
ھû֮ʮº͵Цţºͺ¶ȿԡ
ھһ仰Ҳ˵Ŀ⿴˽ī˻
īʲô޼ɽռ׼ȷīһĻǸá
˵Ŀַ׷תŽī˭֪ĳһ仰׵ǵһɫ
ھڣȫûб顣
֮⣬ܾ
ī˼Ѿ׵ĸˣΪ޼ɽûдǣԲռ顣
Ҷɽھһ֮ȥʲôˡ
˼İ̬ȣҲ˵ʲô
Ͼ޼ɽΪҪࡣ
Ȼ޼ɽϣǱҲֻΪˡ
Ϊĸõ൱ɼھĶԽī̬жôĲгǻҪֳɽе̬Ⱥ
ھΪɽصţκĻǶɽһĲѡ
˽֮ˣƫƫ˽īѲĶ֣ź֮໥ϾīΪ޼ɽھǶɽصû֮Եݲ졣
ҲھʮֲˬĵطīһɢģûھС
Ҫҵصص㣬ҵˡ֮ôȺƭȥɹõ
˻˵ɽȺ䲻úŪ
Ҳ֪ĺͻʵϸʲô͵ķȺƭȥ
ˣھռ֮£һ֮ҵ˱ڵĵط
Ȼ˵˶û뵽ɽͼıصصƬ֮Уɽͼָλãɲǲš
ңھѾռ˾λãھı飬ƺռĹյʲôɡ
û°ɣôһҪı飿
ĵĿע⵽ھɫǷģҲע⵽һ㡣
վڷĽīŤͷڷĵĶ˵
Ϊɽͼн沼õ󷨣ضȥȻһƬ֮أʵʮֲ򵥣ǿռĻȻᱻֹɡ
թīͿɽͼ֮еĶߣûȥռҲھһ⵽ķɡ
Цţīһ֪ı飬ھ޵ֱ
ǿеɵĸãھװһģָһ²ԶһƬط

Ȼ˵൱ɣȴܲھÿһ͸ŵ֮⡣
νķɣĲһܹܵġ
һ֮Ļ֮أھ˵ĵص㣬ǰĻɳһ⡣
ǰ˻ɳ֮ͻɳʲôصͷ
ɽˣؾЩɳ֮¡
ھһھľٶɽĵҲ׷ʮ
īŷҲȥһһ߸Ľ֮
һЩٵʮó๤һûҳˡ
ٵ˵󲻴˵ССȴúñڵУɫһ
ǹ˼ԼΪ򲻹īĻͰѽīɵƸˡ
Ŀ֮Уһɽǰ˫ֺʮһֵӡǣΧĿƺ΢ı仯һ㣬ɲǼ䣬ԭڵϵɳȫɵ˰С
һϯأХķӶ
ɲ֪ô£ǿɳֻǴڰУδ˷ɹ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ɳͷƺһ㳯һط˹ȥȷĵ˻عһԭһƬɳʯǵسһ޴ĵʯš
ɽɽ֮Խˡ
˵ĿУĿ׷״Ӻɽ䵽˲Զľ޴ʯ֮ϡ
ʯŹͼĿʯϵͼװɽͼ渲ǵͼڡ
ⲻĵص㣬Ǹɽʹõķô
ôţ
صʯλҵˣһ־µ⣬Ǿô򿪾޴ĵʯš
ʯϱһصǽīھΪҲóóȻǰóȻǰ򿪵ʯŵĻȻᱻʯʯϵˡ
ǰôʯţ
ܾʯŵĺ棬Ǵʯŵõ˳ǾеĹɣλɰˡֻһɾ޴ʯ˵ǰ·ʵ˻ںޡ

402 Ԫ̣

޴ʯǰ棬԰ټƵվԭŰ취һüĲ֪Ǻá
ȻһǿߣȻȥ֮ʱĹѨ֮УʯϵĽʲôԤϲķɡ
ʱ£λ֮ˣʯϵĽƶûκεĺ
֮ýİݺϷȥţ˾ʯʯȻ˵ʲô˺Ļ˶ѣˡ
ɽͼѾУİݺϷ˵վޣ˵ĻûԵˡ
ʲô˼б˵ֻΪߵĵһ׼ʲô㶼ô
Ϊߣ򲻵֮ʱĪҪ˺Լ÷֮򽫻ܵϳͣҲΪ谭ԼС
ΪʲôĹ涨Ĳ֪Ҳ֪
˵ĿⶼԼͽİݵ˵ϣУһΪԼǷˣްЩ֮˵Ľֵһᣬ˾ˡ
ܿȺʲô
ãλҪӦһ飬һҿţıؿɶҪңǱ뷢ġ
һǿĹѨеıع⣬㿴ҿ㣬һͷ˵ԼԲ̰ͼЩƱ
ҽīģԲ̰ͼĹѨеıأڤģʱһӵ룬ĽƱϴһա
īָ죬Ϊ֤ԡ
֮УΪ֤Ե˶ҪأܵٵĽƣڤ֮С
ԣ֮˲׾ٵķģΥԣˣ˭Ҳ뱻ڤ֮У֮ء
ɽģԲ̰ͼĹѨеıأڸԸڤ
ɽͼıؾͽǰҲǰΪ˳һССʲô
Ƕ֮ˣںνɽǮ˵֮ֻгֻҪõ˳ǾͿĳɳˡ
ڳ˷׷ԣЩ˱Ƚϼ֮ʱ⽫ֲ˿бھ
ھĿһοģһ˫ȴǺ¶ȵӳЦ⡣
ǰŮȻһˣǲòʲôıĻɲص鷳
ԣ»ҪСһЩźá
Ŀ˷׷ԣҲ˵ʲô뽪İݶǰվھʯǰƬ̡
˾˵ǣҪΪʲô
ӽ뿪˵һ·ϣͬŵӰ룬ùݵʮֵĲϰߡ
ͬʮֵĸӣǹѰеҲҪѰʱܴӵͬԿס
֪һжǽİݵıĵֲ˵ʲôҲֻĿ˱ͬһ
СһЩ
վڷ࣬óҪ÷ϵķɳûȽͱİһǰ⡣
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406 ²

ͷīקĶЦھ˶֮ˡ
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408 ʲô

㱻ûҲӦˡ
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һһŮˡ
īǿ϶סһŮˣֱŮһͽȻʲôĸϵ
˵Ҫҵĳʲôطôһͻ飬λѾ˷λ
еĻҲҪ֪ġ
һ鷢˴ֲš
λѾֲ嶫ǰĹѨȥҳˡ
Ϣһ°ɣ֮ٳ
ȻѾţǱúõϢһ¡
תȥ
Ŀһ۽İݣת
İЦţתɷ˿ڡ
ڹΪô
ǰڹʲôʱֻС
ĵһ仰ýİݸЦůЦ÷üͷ
ʲôЦģЦ
úúã˵ʲôʲôΪЦˡ
Խô˵İݴǵЦԽŨţġ
ˮһĻҺͬŽİݺͷĶˣ롣
ʱʱ䣬һװ
巢һεʯݣ˳ʯߣ߳ʯҡ
˵ôô㣿
Ȼ˵ǴһЩζǲġ
ϵʳʣ޼ôһǳ伢Ҳջˡ
֪·СһЩȽϺã˵׼ʲô۶ӡ
ѻ졣
˷׷׻عͷѻĽīͲ˵ûô
īҲʶԼ˵˻æͣʾԼᰲĸ󣬾Բٿ˵һЩõĻ
˳ʯߣ뿪ʯҽһС
һԶԶľܿһǰ
ǵâһ΢쳣ˬ
ߵľͷâϵһ̣ĵ˽ǱǰһĻˡ
ɾô
ɫĻƮţǴѩܰϢһɾĸо
һٲӰɽ£һֻֻ֮䣬һ㡣
˵ɽˮ˵˵һУȫȫɾסĵط
ǲǱԻˣ˻þ˵ǰһжģ
ڣ˶ǰľţھ˼ɾ֮󣬵ǰﶼҪСĽ˵׼ǹµ壬ֻҪ̤һţ֮ء
һ΢Ǵ棬Ļ֣ȥŷƮĻꡣ
֮͸ŵĿеĽ䱸֮ġ
˼ɾԴ壬ֻһ·ǰ
˵һǰֻһ·Ҳֻǰˡ
ѰѾ绯˵ʯȥһ޴ɽ֮УֲָŷĵߣֲŵҩݣмУĺܡ
ʲôطȻôĹѨλã
вĿܣ˵Ƿˮ֮أоʮֵĲһ˫۾ڿһ
ԣָо
ԴӽĹѨһ̣һеľٶǱעһ
˵ԼĸоҲ׷׸ţͬĸо
Ǿ仰ڵ·ѾȫˣǵǾ޷򿪷յľʯţο˭֪ˮǷֵĴ㡣
ȥ·һǰһ·ʲô֣˵Ƿ˳ڡ
˻˵һɽȵȥأǷ˾裬Ҳеķ羰
ٻţָ滨ҵߣĻûĻݣ֮ڷЩֲҩüֵʮ־޴ܹᵽֲĻǽһƵ롣
ǰҪһҵһǴƽ뿪ĹѨ
һ·ûзֶʿʬ壬Щ˻ûҵطǿʲô

409 

ָһĹĹǰĹûϣֻһ򵥵Ĺ·أ֮ãȻĹţЩµ
Ĺô
ǰŹûĹķĹĹѾֲǲϸȥִܷ˴ķĹ
ɫˣɽˮѣŷĹ򵥵úܣӦòǽȻʵĹһĵĻԻʮֻĹ֮Уеıڻϼ˽ȻʵƽΪһĵͬԺе˲Ų²·ػǽ
ķĹ
ĴҿûʲôڣһҪֵСĲǡ
֪ˡ
˷ֿѰųڣĺͽİݱͬţͬǰɭȥڲԶһСľݡ
ľһʲôΧƺֵͣ˿ľݾʲôӡ
Ŀ˽İһۣİݵ˵ͷ˽ľ֮С
Ƕûз֣˵˫ƿľľŵһ̣һâֱƲ㡣
ѾľݵĽİݺͷĲδһĻ
ľеһжʮֵļ򵥣򵥵򵥵̨ũ֮һ
ˣ㿴
ҪѰʲôʱ򣬽İݽһõ˷ǰ
ģ
ľһ۾ܿ߼ʣⱾǽİݴʲôطģ
ʮֲĿзƵ鼮ĳɫ˫Ѱ鼮ϵһĽ鼮Ĺ֮С
Ϊӹҵġ
˵ţİ˫ַڷĵ䣬ľٸߡ
˿ɿôĶӦûһЩ鼮
ڿķıİݵľٶŪúǲڣ˵ʲô̧۵ʱ򿴵񶥶˵һ顣
鼮ûעʲôʵ飬дµռǡ
ĽһҲһԵϼϼصݣİݾڷĵߣſ˵ķģеĳšģĸоΧһжʼ仯ˣǰ罥رһƬɫգգ۾֮һָֻԭֵǣԭĽİʧˣֻʣԼ

ʱڷɻʱ
һһŮԭأĿ֮ŵȻԾܾ֮⣬ƺŮ˵Ŀధ
㵱ĺģֻڲܲô
Ů˵ѯˣΪҪ֮ˡ
ᣬЩѾעˣȥɣȻʶо֮ѾȻʵĹѨ
Ϊڤ粻飬ȻѾˣοȻȣһʲôҪص
ѭվľ˳ľȥ֮ƯˣеĿŮǣʾɫ
Ůк⣬ŽӸضҪֵطǰ̡
ѵ˵ȻʵҲˣҪĹѨһô
һӣкβɡ
ЦţЦį֮⡣
ʱӦһᱣȻʵİȫȻˣҲûصӴԺ󶫾κ鶼޹ˡ
ĻеˮӿţȥݺݵҧŴǡ
ȻʻǶˣαִţΪȻΪοԼһۣǹҵĸܡ
Ŀ֮̾һĿ˵žĻ
֮Ѿעûκοˣҵ᳤ݺȻǿϲû壬ҵĻٻȥѣһ˿ѪûбҪ
Ҳߣ˵ʲôߵģطԣҾ
ģȻصһ֮ء
ڿʱĿˮŰ⣬űˣҲų嶯
ǣһһеһ˲ɢ
һ룬ǰһĻ仯ˣض˺ɫѪѪģˡ
ʮ˳ǰʮ˵ǰѪʬ塣
ֱһ̣ᶼԼҲų
ʮǶĸ֣ĿıΪ˳ĹѨУûбʳ䣬Խɱ
ʬ巢˷裬ʮͬھ֮ʣĹѨ˽ƣԻɳһУҲĹѨڵķλ
ʱһΣǧʱ䡣ĹѨеԼĹѨҪõЩͻ˰׹ǣֻǧһ̤ĹѨãʬ֮ϣȻ֪

410 νĳ

ǰһжǰ飬⻭ʵ˿־塣
㶼ˡ
һڷĵ󣬻عֻӦȥڷǰ
һ£ȫЩ͸ƯڿУŷģҲ֮һʱ˭Ҳû˵
Ͳô
ЦţĿڷһ˫֮ϣеЦŨ˼֡
ˡ
֪һ
İ˫ƺԤϵԼһ
š
Ҳʲôֱ׵ĸ˷֮ʱռһԣʾǧ֮ĳ죬һһͷ׷ŮӻĹѨڡ
ʲôʵô
У
ֱ˵ų²ûĻǰһ˿Ԫ񣬻仰͡
ܴ
ŷ룬ԽǿԽŮӷͬ죬ֲõʾǰصһĻһԪȵ˽գȵзĵŮӡ
֪ʲô
ŷǷ֪ʲôǳԼʲô
֪ī˵ֻʮ
޼ɽ뿪ʱΪʮѾ㹻ˣһ⿪ñҲûʲôźˡ
ǽģķķ֣һ㶼롣
ԣ֪ĴΪԼʱ򣬷ҷеĳޣĹѨѰҳ
ΪľԼܹȥ
ԣҲȫԡ
˷ĵ뷨ǵ˵ͷҡҡͷʾ˵һǶԣһҲԡ
ʲôǶԣʲôǲԣ
ԻܸĴ𰸣ҪԺһЩ֪ʲôǶԣʲôǴй¶Ҳܴŭʡ
һ仰ǶǵĻشŷģǵ÷ͷˮ˲֪ԡ
벻֪ڳ
룬ֻ֪
һֱ˵ľܾ֪ڳʲôֻ֪˶ѡ
㻹ǸȤŮӡ
һ㶣漴Цδĵľ˵Źڳ
һΪһ飬Բԡ
Ҷ˵ҲֱӸҳô
˵꣬£ԳȤء
һĪЦݸŨţʾ£Źڳ顣
֮˶Ϊһ飬ʵȻһӣ˵һڵڱУҲһʯͷ
ڲͬ˵ŲͬÿһʲôȫȡԼˡ
ǺĽŹڳĵεΡ
ĴʼһԸֱȫȫ˵Ĺš
˼˵νĳʵ֮ǰβڵ
ǣʱΪԵСڱµõڵҲ˵ĳ
֮ǰӡ˱֮£Ȼ֪Ϊ岻ֻڵǶڵʱĽνشĻԵ
ҲΪˣҲǽȻʲľ磬ֻһҪɡ
ɴʱƫƫΨһŵŮ飬Ϊ˳ɳĻᣬڵ˭֪棬ֻؾ
أ
Ⱥۺڵǿ϶ϱľĸǰڵԪ󾳵˶׷ǰʱĴսνǻͿ̿
󣬽ȻΪ˱޹İǣԱǿĽ磬߹Ĵ½嫺޼ɽػڴ½嫺ԵΨһҲһϡΪֿѣȻŽС÷ΪҲΪһ֮׵飬ѡĹѨУ˭֪һж˴ֲڵ
ⲽء
ͣĹѨеԪо˽ڽǰһʱ䳹׵׵ʧȺĴ治˻߹½ǰڵҲǳ
ȻʵĴŻǡһ㣡ˣ֪ɽͼʱ򣬱Ŵ˵еĽȻһʲôˣΪԭ˭Ҳ뵽ʵʵΪ˱Լȡ壬ˣҲ
Լһ˿ǲȺթС˺
ҲǳģΪҪ˵ЩĿɻǵҪ߳Щ˵³ôңԼҲȡģ֮ĳ˵̬ʮֵĺƣһ˹¡

411 ȻʵĹѨ

֪ԭô
ЦţЦЩ˲ԡ
ǾҪ˵˵ˡ
ǺǣҪ֪Ĵ𰸣ֻԼȥѰˡ
仰
أƺ鶼ûкͷס
ˣϷʱҲҪˣǧʱϷԪһĴˣϷҲûʲôźˡ
ǧʱ䣬뿴һõյõŮӾʲôˣ֪ˣ֪ˡԭ˵ĳתǽ¼ˣڵһǾѾΪϵӣΪľǽ轪óһ
ˡ
һһ͸ɫ˵ŵĹڳڵλá
ȫʧһ̣ǰһƬɫ󣬵ɫɢ֮ʱһ˫ůظա
˫д¶˾̧ͷѪɫӶ˫ĵĿһ˿˿ãȻܿɢ
ˣˣ
İݲϵؽŷģ˫Ѫɫӻָ֮ʱһŵǵɻǲͣؽŷġ
ˣΪĴΪӦ㿴Щ飬˷ģʲô취Ϊ򶼻÷˻ָ
һ仰һֻصڷĵĶߣǱУڻ
һ룬İݸ˫ů˫ŷĵĴǣҲ֪ʲô취ʲô˼ˡ
һ̧˽İݵСϣѪɫ˫һƬ⡣

ˣΪǷġ
һı飬İֳûκβֵЩ顣
֪һǹģȻЩ˽İݡ
ʲôȥ
ת뿪һͬŵĽİݸڷ뿪Сľݡ
ڶ˸ո뿪ľݵһ˲䣬һľ̼ȻΧľΧһҲɢˡ
û¶ɡ
û°ɡ
׷׸˹ŷĺͽİƽ£ŷġ
ܲ鿴һ²ûҵڡ
ҡͷΧһ飬ɾûҵκ뿪ķӣоôĵطǾһ
߰ɡ
Ŀһ۵ľݣ·ڵĵطһĹĹд֮Ĺĸ֡
˭
һֻʶ˶̶ɲǼ·ˡ
ö̶ɲǼ·Ƕ˵Ƕڷ˵֮ʶһжλ֮С
ֻأҪ˼ǵǡ
뿪֮ǰѾڵĵط˷ġ
վڶ±ԵһƬﻨ˼ɾᣬתֻعԼҪ
أǸŮһֱڵȺ
ڿʲô
ûʲô߰ɡ
뿪ɽȣѰ֮·ȥ
﾿ʲôطΪʲô»ɽȣ˲⡣
кȻûۣǸŷĹѨһҲῴһĻĻ̾Ϊľˡ
ȻʵĹѨڽȻһЩʿĹѨĽӡ
Ľźееɻ
ô֪
վһԵĽīۺĿͻȻķģһıƺ֪˺ܶǲ֪顣
ֱ߽ī˽Сľ֮һʲôѰ飬ӷеܿһС
֪
Źӣƫƫ߽ī
ң˵ˣҲʲô
ԴӽĹѨʼѾʱ䣬ǹһʱѾһ£֮ĹѨ֮Ѿͣá
ʱ֮󣬵ʯס˷һ˵ȥ·
վھʯǰĴʯϵʯ飬һһֻ֮¡¡һ͵ĹâӾʯ֮󻺻֣һƬů֮С
ˡ

ʧ֮ǰĹѨ룬ҲǽȻʽ֮
ʯʯſһ̣ůӿ֣һ餳ǰ
صĹ餳ֳ͸ɫڰ֮УΧڹΧһǿһֻ޴ֽ˵ࡣ
⡭ǽȻʵĹô
ǷҲû˵ľƯڰе͸餣һ˵ʬڹ֮У˯ţէһȥ˯˵Ļûκβ𣬸Ѿȥǧˡ
ҵˣڷĵǰһ̣һӿĹѨ֮УЩ˱ھΪ׵ʿ

412 Ϊһ

Ҿ˵ɣȺ׼ûܴҵ
Դˮ֮¼ʼھ˱һֱڷĵڣ첻ˣҵ˳
ů֮еѹ֮⣬ԭǰʿ׷ױƵú޷
ģӦѰҳڹ餵ϷֻҪõҵȱл
һŷİȡ³ΪƵĹϵѹ˵ǰȡˣھһʮֵѹ֣һϢнǣǡ
ʱվǰķĻ̧˫֣ǰɢİ׷ʮ欵Ľڶ
ΪʲôҪóأ
һ˿Ц⸡ڴǣЦʮֵļթЦھ˾ǽüͷ
һʼûҵ
ھĻǿ϶ģ϶һжΪҪǣڵı飬ƺԳ־ڱصá
Ҵһʼû˵ҪҳҰҲˣѵλô
ʼȺ֮˵ǣˣΪڵõ֮ѾһϾЩ˶ˣЩġ
ĹѨ֮󣬾ݽī˵Ⱥ˵ѹţҲûʲôõˡ
ȻˣҺ˶뿪ĹѨˡ
Ѿɱģھ˻뿪ĹѨһȺ˻صϣеǾԴ򲻹ǵģ֮ᱻ߳
춼վԼߣǲõĻǿǸɵˡ
ġթСˣƭԡ
л佱
ΪܷΪ٣ĵı鳹׵׵ھ˺
һһĳ֮ھĿ˵һ仰
ؽīûиһ飬ҪõĻҪƳʩӵĽ䡣
Ȼھ˵仰ʱ򣬽īı˲
䣿
ĵĿ⿴īѪɫ˫мֲ⡣
ʲô䡣
롣
ھһĨ֮еЦ⣬ǰָڰеĹ餣ΪĽŹڽ顣
Ȼ֮ǰӡ˽粻˵ҲͬʱӡУӴ˶ڤ֮С
ھĻһһĻص˶ߣĿŽīе飬ҲھĻ١
ôδ˵飿
ԡ
ӣĿھġ
ԣڵֻһһ÷УһὫҴضɽʮ黹㡣
ʮ꣬ھҲҿڣ˭˲֪Ƕɽн費
īھ
ʩ˽֪Ȼ˵û뵽ʲôķӣֻҪӴȥоһʱֽܻİ취
û뵽ɽЩ˷ھηƵŻͷĺ÷ķ֮ƵӶԷȡ
Ȼʹھж
ī˷ĺͽİݶһۣ˴˹ʶ
ĺݵҲ֮ɫʲôζһ׼ֻҪھóǾԲȺʿ뿪ĹѨġ
ھȻܵ˴ӷĵϱŷΣϢһʱ䣬ֽԭء
ΣҶ˺гʮʱ䣬һʱ޵ˣǰûس
ھһһΪǴ㡣
ȽīڣӦ
ãȻھʦ˿ڣҲþܾʲôɡ
ʾ⽪ī˺ͽİԼھǰȥȡ
ʿ˵޷ýǮ޼֮Է˵ˡ
ֻҪ˳ʮȥ˵ǷĻǽİݻǹĵˣԳڱصá
ĺͽİǰ棬ھڶ˵󣬳ʯǵɫĹâȥ
ÿһܸоӹâɢѹϢѹ˵ࡣ
ڣ˵˹餵·̧ͷڰеĹ餣ʾ⽪İȥ
âнȻѹסʿԷĺͽİַеĸ˵ѹĸо֮⣬ûʲôرĵط
һѾվŵĹϷڹеĽȻʣ֮£Ȼͽİݳʮơ
񡣡
Ϊһ֣ΪñȽȻʿʺܶࡣİӵŷ뻳ǰŶùĵ̽

413 ֮

īҲһɫĿԼһʵϸ磬ʲôʱ˻Ҳעһ³ϡ
ⲻ֪İݸû˷Уֻзһˡ
֮УȻʽʬǧ겻ɣΪֻ˯˶ѡ
ڹڲһɢɫâƯУڹĴζţƺ֪ʲôһ㣬Ҫƹ餡
ھķҡ
˵һ飬Ϲžβڵǰɫˡ
ۿųƹ餣ǧһ֮ʣĽӹھķ
ڳȫƹ餵һ̣ԼٶȽ뷨֮С
ȫû뵽ǣס˳ʱԭڰеĹ˲䣬صˤڵϣҹеĽȻҲɲǼɢ
֮ʱİݼʱץס˷ģû÷ˡ
áƵʧѳӸҡ
īĻصڷĶߣҲܵѹֵϢڽɢҲھһΣյĴڣеķī
ɴ˿̣һӰ˲ǰһ˷
ģȻǧƣҲûԤϵᷢһĻ
˲ϢĽ˭Ҳû뵽ģǷҲԤϵڵõ֮󣬽ƵͻȻʧ
װųķھУȺʿѾָԭеҪжȡнīҲһʮѵ顣
Ѫɫ˫ھˣܼ͵ʧ
ϷֳɱһھΪ׵ɱһԷΪ׵ķɱ
˫ŹͬĿģǱǶȡ
ʱһضɽҡʯҲǾҵҡζţʯϵ¡
Сġ
ھʯµ˲䣬İݻŷģûбʯС
һһʯͷѵʧȥ˽Ƶıʯҿʼ˵ĹѨ֮С
ھ
һŬԼƽ
ģһǵý֮£߹ҲûбҪڴȥˡ
Ȼõ˳ǷĻ˭ѾûüֵǾĹѨͽȻˡ
ھˣһΣյĴڣǲȫȫɱ᲻롣
ԣԲΣմߡ
ɱģھеķһЦ
ھ㿴ʲô
ھгʱһĹâȵĻھеķ
ֻװųķˤڵϣһ㣬һǰţҪǷУΪá
ĳЩԼµԣһӴ÷Ҳ޾ڤ֮СԵʿ˲䣬һѺͻȻǰѺпȥǺڰϵıŷǿһ˫˫ֽΥԵʿ˺ڰУ
ڤ
֮ڤʧˣ֮ҲǰϾڤһôµĵطʮ֮أض׼ħ֣ǵΪڤҲΪȺħʳʬĸɸɾͷӶ
ʣ¡
ֻܵ˼УΥԵ˲Żڤ֮УܾĿĥ
ǵڰѷڤڣʱصĴţֻҪڰУ뿪
ꡪ
һʲôѵ˶ߣţĺɫâԽҫǽŨҵĺ⣬ʯеĻζվȽŸ
ھţԼٶȳԷ½ضɽ˽߹½޼ɽˡ
֮Լ޼ɽҪڣҪ
ھԡ
޴ѹŷھǰȡ֮ʱīһͬǰֹھ
ۿھҪһ뷨֮С
Բھõ߹½嫺ɻ֮ءī̫˽ھˣ߹嫺֮ԻƽôãȫΪȻʺʦµĽ磬ȫʧõ֮ھһŶɽɨƽ߹½ʱ
ҲֹߵıС
ֹҲҪû
һĨʤЦ⣬ھеķڷײеǧһ֮ʣһֳֻھͽīǰͽֽɢźɫâĳС

414 Ҳ׼

ʯң𶯵ĸǾҡ
ǰİųеĺⲻϵıŷš
ߣҪˡ
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417 Ϊͽɺ

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ģԿΪӣҪھǺεȵߣŮһٶսɽȨܾϵĶݣһǧҲΪϧ

418 ô

ҪǺǣ˵ҪھŶԡ
ĵĻĻص֮䣬ÿһ仰ÿһֶ˵ھĹѨ֮еΪһ׫ûе飬һڲ֪߷׷׽Ŀھϡ
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ŷĵı飬īô᲻֪ʲô˵ֻеһӣΣռ󣬳ǿȷİȫ絽˴˾֮ڤ޶ڿҲҪ֡

419 һȼ

ǣһҪ˾һѵ飬ǵĽȻڳİҲֻǸո̤˾硣
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Ĳ̫˽ⷽ飬ī޷һʱøӵֱñ߷ġ
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ҹɫ
ʹУվϤԺǰǰֳһĻĻʱļ䡣
ʱһͷڷûûεǧˣʱĽİҲǽĻʵۣľǧꡣ
ӾôܰĹţڶ֮ĸжţֻ˷ǡ
Ļ֣ǰһжˡ
İݶڰ֮Уڤڰ֮ʱĻ治ϵǻǰ֪һεˮ˳յ
ʱһŲ𣬷ûлͷԽıƽ
ʧ֮УǿǸšͳţ˵ʱİζĹ

420 ˭

ĻصҹɫУصڷĵĶߡ
ɫڶ˵ϣģǰһϮ°׷ŮӱӰҪһЩջͣ˽Ų
ģ´ڤдɺá
ǼǿתȥѪɫͱȾ
İݻǷ
һ仰û˺ҹ֮УҲϥأԼʵжлŷġ
֪ǰ·ΣգֻѰҷһˣϣܽ´Ǵ˵нǧĵȳ
ʱ佪鷳ˣʲôȥҹıɣ콭Ҳڽ
һ֮ʧⲻ˻ᷢ飬ȥѰҽİݲ֪ޣҪ
õѡ
ҹ
ڳϣȵķ紵棬׵ƥ̾ڷĵߣֱƺо˼뿪һſڵϡ
ȥ·;ңԶһҪСĲǡ
վڷĵ࣬ḧİ׷ǲǰҲǶԼ˼
뿪֮ڽ
ģʲôȥʲôǶţô˵ۺôҲǸү
콭Цŷġ
һֱǶڷĵߣʼŸԵĿģʱƣ˵ݲһȴĽĵ̷ӡ
鷳ˡ
һлﶼһ鷳֮УҪ˵ĸлջͣ˻ȥ
ģǰ·쳣ңԶΪ׼װ˱档
ǲĿŷģǿԣ˽ԸҲǰΣյĵط
һоǽī˵һķ˶ҪõˣֻΪνĳ
û㹻ģյļǵãЩ֮˽Ƿָ֮㽫ǻܵɾ
Ψ÷ǰǰǴ˵еĵطϰԱȫ
㲻Ρ
л
֮л
ĵлĺݻӦЦ⣬˴֮䶼ԷҪ˵ʲôɻﻹû˺ҹС
תۼ䣬һҹȥˡ
վڽʹǰЩϤӣղ˻ֵ
λһ
뽪ī˵Ӱʧڹĵ˵УǰɫӰѾӰĺݺһ˻վԭزȥ
ȥģǻ
䲻֪ڡ
֪¡
ţһ죬ǻῴϤӰ³ǰ
ȥɡ
ȥ顣
ǻĬĬصţĹ
ݣ
˵ܲһЩϷ򶼿ˡ
īĸڷĵһ뿪Ҫȥɽǻ޼ɽһЩ顣
뿪ı߾һȻʵĹѨǰ
ǰĹѨѾɳڽĹѨַǹ˶֮ǧ˵ĹѨһǵ֮С
ˣʵϸһµġ
ī֪ڿʲôҲһԷ˲СӰ죬鶼ѾˣҪĲ׷ʧȥ飬еΣΪ㡣
嫺ǾҪֵˣһұҪ˵ס
īɫ࣬ǷƦƦЦݡ
ڵݺΣգʿ֪ǷĵĻ뱲ӾͿܳΪ˵¯˵ȻʵϸˣԼҲѱ
ī˵ĻԷ˵ҪǶϷ
ûô֮úܣŮ֮˫޵鳣зٷ֮ʮŵŶŮΪ¯ø³
֪̤붫֮Ȼỻһݡ
ţǾͺá
īҲ׷ǸˣԼΣ֮УЩҪ˵׺á
ˣжɽͷӸ֮֮μô
˵˴īòھеĺ⣬̫ʲô˼ˡ
ھαӣһþֶĵģһھ֪˷ǰҾڵɽĻػʡٵ鷳
ȥΪʲôȥ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĵıжôɭ
Ȼɽμ֮֮Ȼúõرһ
ھǰɣ
Ҫ֮ô޵ġ
ŴӷĴǻЦ⣬īɵſˮ֮Ҳǰɽμ֮صʱҲġҲ֪ЩʲôϵЦʮֵĲϣƵϲźá

421 Σʱ

ĺͽī뿪˽нһʱ֮󣬽īǻص嫺޼ɽ
ҪǰΨһĳ·Ǻ嫺
嫺Ҫ嫺Ҫ൱ġ
޼ɽ⣬īһٶŰװķģǻװҲһҪСġ
οһͷ׷ʵע⡣
ţ㵽ɽʱˣ˵֮Ҳǰɽμ֮׼á
֪ˣǾʹ˱ɡ
̤˴󴬣Ű߻ָĽīת˴ա
ⲻ֪īָڸ𣬶ŷġ
ŮˣҲ˵ʲôɿĻô
ɼ㽪ī˵ʲôԶȥķҲˡ

Ϣ̾һǽʧеĴ󴬣īҡҡͷ
ǲμӰxȥˣ㵽ãǲμ๫ȥˡ
˰ˣ
ѽ⿪ı֮һ֣ٳԹŮ
Խ룬ȴԽǱ޷԰Ρ
һ˺ðһ˳ԱȫҲ
ɢɢˣȥһڷĽΣȫ컯ˡ
īţŮ˼թڵıԣǾԲԼԿġ
ʱѾ뿪޼ɽķĸ֪īôֹġ
ڼװϣһװķɺ紵棬һ޼ʵĴ֮УһҴСľɳĮеһɰ
İݣǷǷʲô飬ҲҪǰԪ罫ڤо
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ϵĺеʮֵġ
Ѿ嫺£ڼ·ൺ죬Ҳ˲ͬ壬Ųͬķ飬ȴûиֻһЩǰǰɽ˰ʦѧա
꣡
ʱһ뺣֮ʮۼһԽıƽ
ǿ׵ţİѪɫ˫ۣаһ⡣
ȵҪת׵ŵʱһѾգ֮㽫Ӱ֮¡
ϵ𣬰磬ֻ˲ͽ󴬻еķѡ
װ˻𣬷Ļصбűۿһ׵дյλãһҵ죬󴬶ϳؿʼ³
ôҪ̩̹ô
ǰһ׼õСϣŴΧȥ
Ưŵƺһظڷĵ󣬴µ׵һһ׷ŷ¡
֪ģȻ˷˻籩֪ĻΪʲôȱ飬ڱ
ڷİڶĴ֮£˳ģȴһֱڷߣʱʱͻήһ׵磬Ϸˣһ
꣡
һһ׻С׻еС˲ķѿҲˮС
׵ǿںˮĴ֮´˷ĵ壬ʲôķľ˹ȥ֮ǰıסһƯŵľ壬ûгˮС
ϣͷˡ
ʱһƮƮ͸һ˿˿ϷʵĶȤζʶԼĹͷˣҲ㲻¾ס
ʵķĲδƮߵƣ֮źƮԶ
֪˶ãȷʱ򣬴۵͸ϣڵŹâſԼڵĵط
һªéݴɣһ۾ܿõȫòûκļҾߣֻһŤӣڷһ㡣
ӣǸտá
֨һԭպŵ͸ľŻһɫȹŮ
ŮϵȹѾϴķףȴ˿ӰĴС
ѽˡ
Ů˵ǰ
Ѿ˯ҹˣ챣ӣӿ˹
Ůľߣһˮιŷĺȥ
ʲôط
ɳƵĲӣĸоԼĺŻܵĺܣûʲôоڽָ֪Խ۵ܡ
Ƕ߶ϵС壬ǰռƯں棬ŹӦ˺ѣСŰѹ˻
СŮ˵ξ˷ĵḶ́еǾ仰
Ƕ߶ϵС塣

һĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϣ΢СĶҲ۵ķȫ񾭽
ɾȫʹҲֵ˷Ĵʱ˿̵顣
˶
ɽжԶ
ɽӿ˵ĵɽʲôطСһĿŷģ֪˵ĵɽǺδ

422 

С粻֪˵ĵɽںδתһոհõ͵ĵǰ
ȳЩѣԵˮδ
л
СĲ£ļѵӹһƾɵľ룬һһڵĽȵȥ
һůӺ룬÷ļ˻ɤҲࡣ
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С˵һһ׵磬ӺƯһʱ䣬Σʱ̱ڶԵСС
ݽīԣɽڶıڵķλǶϲҪﱱĵɽȻҪһ·̡
ʱ֮ΪӾٰ졣
ŷһصӣС˵һ÷¿ϣĻ
Ȼ֪ӿеĵɽʲôطȻҪȥĻȥǰַ񣬿ǧòһµʱ䣬ӱԵԼҪȥĵط
ǣ񣿡
мֲ⣬öС˼ȥǣ
԰ǶϲĳУֻҪ㹻ǮһֻǧķŹһᵽԼҪȥĵأֻǡ
˵һͣСĿڷĵϣһͷ׷ɫ˫ɣǻᡣ
ǰǵĻһ˻Ϊħа
ȻС˼ͷ԰ֻ۾ɫ޷ı䣬ʱûͫСͣЩӣ˫米еƱˮ˷ֽһţֻǷû뵽ľȻڱмһСӣС涼Ǿ䱦һӾ
ǧƽ
Се֪ͨĻ߹½Ľ޼ֻұȽǹأǱ龧
һ龧ܶһʮƽ𣬿ɼ龧Ĺԡ
ҪΪʵľʯ̺֮ԣ龧ڶ½ʱߵȵңҲʿԴ
ӣҲô
ţʱҲ㡣
ľͷİϣ͵㣬СһЦŷģһ˫۾д˳ݡ
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ӵļʲôطΪʲô½أ
СҲ֪ĲǶˣ˵ڻǱһƬصĴ½ѵ˵﹫ӾƬ½ô
С⣬һνе˦
ΪһˣһǷˡ
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ˣ͵˦ͣҪס㣬˭֪۵һ㾹ȻӺһԾ
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ϰˣ°βⶫѵǴ˵е㡣
ˡӣ塣
С˷ֻֿţСʱ˵סˣΪƭ˵ģû뵽Ļ˵Ĵڡ
üͷѪɫ˫¿Сνˡ
Ƕ½Ʒֻͦȫܳô
˱һ߰ı飬һԼţݣ뵽ǰһͷ׷СӾȻҪ
࣬ӣ㾹Ȼͼ¼߳˱
ԳΪӵһһ¼ģԼʴۣĺСǳϣ΢һ㡣
࣬һθĹµĻᣬҸŮˣ뱾ºӣĴ󲻾֮
£˵Ŀ⿴˿ߵС磬һ֮ҡҡͷС硣
ϲһЩģʺĿζ
ȫ̰˫ۣǰһ߹˵ԻƱƸûİ˰㣬Ļعٻ֮ʱһö档
࣬Ҫɶ㲻׼ǸҶһƬۣһءۿŷԽԽԴԴϵΣϢŨҵĴϱŷݵһԭǰ˰ģβ˲ʧһһ˿ҳתܣ
һᱻĲ
ʳûȨ˵ġ
۵֮£ֻһ׻˦ûĿţ󣬷ֳ׷ᡣ
࣬ûꡣðҽԺˡ

423 

㣬㣬һ졣
ڣһ˫ɫµĴԳӵˡ
棬ǽ¾Ϳˡ
Ϲһ㱻ǿߵ˰ССһԲϣǱв£Ҳһĸ߹ơ
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ĲڿŰ棬ĿСϡ
ҪȻֱտһδԹ˵ʳ١
ϹȫϹĸ˵Щ
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СʲôģԼˣô֪ŷİˡ
˵ˣˣ㣬㣬㣡
ҪҪ˵ΣǼؾ壬Щûͷֻ֪ԵϺҪ߼ϼǧȼء
СӣǱ㴵ҪǱżûڱˡ
ǿǰһͷ׷СӵקӣͺúõôŪһͷ׷˫ɫ۾էһΪǴڤӳħء
ѽ
˵һĳߵľ㳯߶߶û˹ȥ
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뿪ȥİ汻һľţǹ׺ݵϢ˵Ļ˻ȥ
ӷİɣ˵ˣҪǰǵĻǳΪãЩʱ·»Σա
Сˣı뿪ǰǣȴͻȻֵֹס˽Ų
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ȷĿڣЩľ뿪ưİգűɫϸ۾ŷġ
СӣҲȥôɱҲҪǰǣΪ̴Ӻˡ
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ΪʲôȻΪǰ˰档
Ҳ֪ΪĹϵΪȱңһͱӣ˿Կǣװǲʺ
ôűɶȻ֪Լÿ˫ԣǾԲ׼һ԰ҵġ
һͨ˵û꣬ѾûκûӪĻ
Сţһɱ˰浱ˡ
ĺͽīеһƴ
ȵȵȣӶֲڣԣӶڲ֣Ǯж龧ģҲǸӣֻҪ㻤ͱǰǣһ㡣
ڷļѰƤƬʱ򣬰ˡ
Ұٷ֮ٵȷϣǰһͷ׷СһԼģڽǮջ֮¹ƻ̰ġ
龧
ԣֻҪ㻤ͱǣӦǧ龧
ǧ龧ԲһСĿһ龧֫ʮĻƽ𣬸οǧ龧
ĺɵĿŹŻԲϵİ棬õǿҲ̬ģԼ˵ʲôô
ǰǽûһ˰һһԴӲĻӡ
ĻɵĿðʮֲϲǱɵһһ㣬Ĵࡣ
࣬㾹ȻҲű㿴ʲô龧
£һӣָĽָâһö˸Űɫâ龧ڷĵС
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ī˵½ǧʷв壬ҲָȺڶ½С
Щľ飬аĹȣ־סеˣڵµİ壬֮ɸ㼯ɣÿһȺԼ
ָʲôҲǼʶˡ
ɵ˰ɣеĽָָܹĶ
ҫԼķŶȣһеıжôǷˡ
Сӣ˵㻰ֻҪź򡭡ͱȥǣǧ龧ˡ
Щ˵©죬ʱ÷Ļǰǣź
ǧ龧ĴۣûһӦġ
˭֪ĵһ仰ȴðЩԲˤǰǿԣǮҪһǣ龧

424 ؼͦﰡ

ǧ龧һǼ۵龧˵ҪЩݡ
Ȼǰȱ˵Լӣһڼ۾ܳǧ龧ǾԲںö龧
СҿڣӶҲò龧ļ롣
ŶôȥҺɣҸˡ
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ôǼˣο⼸СѾܵ˹̫Ķݡ
СţҪͻģȴֹˡ
ľ֮öССӲʲô°ɡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣԣСһĨ֮ɫӣĿͷĵıӰʧС
ʱһӰĸڷĵӰӰ档
Ͳİ棬ڰ֮ʣļĻعйŰײĳ𵶵ࡣ
ӻʲôô
Ц⣬û˿¶ȣеĳ𵶱ֱĶ׼ࡣ
ѪɫӶ˫ɫӣ·ˮĶһ㡣
˱أãƽƽܳõķչ֮갡
֣׼ԼĳȻԼĳʲô⣬һëȻĸоӦòһЩ򵥵ıС
ңһٵķӦʸӵ
ղžصĿǣͬ㿪ļ롣
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˼Ǽˣʮ龧
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䱻ײʵʵĳ𵶣תǰǡ
ڷĸոӵʱһֻֽץס·
ɽҪ汾Ȱһ顣
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ĵЦðܾôһˣΪ˲¶ԼĿ꣬ҲΪܸȫĵִǣҲֻ
СӣȵǣҪ㻹ܲʲôʱ
ʽΪ˰ʱʮ龧Ӷĸ߼ڡ
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һӳÿŮӳþǣûע⣬ϸȥǰСӵмɫ

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ֻǾ棬´ΣһΪʷϵһ̫ˡ
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ſڵϵİðβŴһҵʹϮȫǵʧеӰһϸʳָָŷĶݺݵ˵š
Ҫ㹤Ǯ
СλڶԵĵشС뿪Ѿһµʱ䣬ĺͰٶʱһ֮ŵǡ
ֻǵһжѣȴӱнһµʱ䣬ɼ½ӴѾеˡһǳռǽļʮࡣ

425 Ҫȥô

ǣϲһŦС
Ѿһ֮ʱˣǣ߽İĳУڽֵߵľʯʯ
ӽǿʼʮ޴ʯһڷĵǰ
ǲ˷еʣİևNɪ࣬һ£ʮʯʯǵʮԱ󽫣ħʮʣǺǵİΪ˼ǣ㽨ʮʯʯ񣬱ⶼ
֪ιĺۡ
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ͺñڣһİ˵ʮʯʯʮͬĿ⿴ŷġ
˵һЩãĺӣñһ㡣
ǲǷˡ
Ķ֪ʲôݰ档
һµʱദҲ˽ԴȱҵǸʲôеˣûУɾԲУһԲеҩҽ֡
һһļҪǲһ٣Բġ
ⲻˡ
Ĵİܵ˫Ѫɫ˫еɱһݵ©Ц
ûţ
ʱյѾǴǰˡ
һջҪϷҹĻ֮ʱÿ˰ķš
ˣ

ﴫˮĻ죬֮ϴİͷǷҲûʲôøϴ裬˳
Ű׻İĳǰץӸ
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ֲǶ䡣
·عŷģһ⡣
ҹұɶḬ̄ͼòǾԲܵ飬ֻʹӣӵġ
ӷģ۾ûϹ
Ŀһ䱸ɫİ棬ǼԼ͵һ
ģ˳һ֮ˡ
Ѿǣ֮ĹӶϵҲˣԺôչǻûκιϵˡ
ĿľǵҪʮ龧Ĺʡ
ûС
ҡͷһ˫ɫеޱȵĴװ˵ѻûǮ
ߵĴæС԰ڵЩ龧ȫļҵˣһĳԺѾѵĲˣڱ˵ʮö龧ˣʮ龧Ҳûˡ
ɴˮûֳɹ÷üͷ˫Ѫɫ˫еɱҲŨ
˵һΣҸһλĻᡣ
һһǰķģ汻ɢϢŵһţۿź̨޿ˣһҪӶ¥ȥˡ
һʼˣô
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Ȼķſ֡
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426 

ȥеĿĺܼ򵥣һһЩĻң޷һ龧ٶһһЩõĽҲãĿǰΣ㹻ĽǮǰĵɽѰˡ
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Ҳǣ㿴ɫ󣬿ŹȣָУ޵ı

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427 ѩ

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428 ѩ֮

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򵥲߼Ϊһ֮ѩϳ䲻ǰӵٰеİɣڱڶ˸·Ҫǡʱĳ֣ѩϻ֮С
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Ȼ棬ѩһ㶼ûݵǰλѩ幫ӵֲͬ͵ʡ

429 ˪

˵ݵķǰ˱Ǵӹ͸䣬ûκԡ
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431 ѩϵС˼

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Ļ˻֣˫米ʧС
ĺѩƺ֮ȫûʲôϵ˿ǿѩƺѩϺΪ׵ѩУĲͬ
̫֪ԼӺͶʲôˣҲδػʲô
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ѩǺѩ¸Ӷ˻Ÿûпܷ飬ǧɽѩƺİŮװķΡ
һĿǰԪеڤȥһнİݵˣ֮ľǣ޷ŵġ
򣬷ô᲻ԶɽҪʦѧء
νԣܶʱԹҲῴʵࡣ
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УŮ˼ճҪĶһһķ˫米С
˫米СӣСֵһӵ鱦Щ鱦ǹΪ׼õġ
ǰֳ˫һҵǧٱŮȥĵİ
ĬĬķŻ˱Уʱһ
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лѩϵĹģҲ¡Ľ˻ظѩϣ֪ѩΪԼҪԼһţǼȻɽ˹أȻҲΪӶƵġ

432 ڶϱ

Ҫеڱصá
ţϷȻû
һϷı飬ѩϽҲͷڿʲôֽһӵһߡ
ٹձǵɽ⿪ŹеӵӣϷĻӦûǵãɽЩ˻ѧĵɽסһʱ䣬ѡγеŵӡ
һݵɽпѡεƶȷǳС
ѩǵʱ䣬һԽԽӿѩǡ
ҪɽĳΨѩһʱ˿̣ټѩͼҪȥɽʦѧ֮ˡ
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лѩϼԣҲʮġ
ʱ۷ʲô飬Ҫõ֮еһĻ޷ѧգ޷̤磬һͱǰԪڤˡ
ԼĴ㣬ѩϿȷʵ쳣ļᶨš
Ȼһ˫ѪˣȴоһɲϢϢѹأ˲С
ԽģѩҪһʷľӺδĿʲô˵Ѿͷȴһ
ԽѾͷԽǺš
˵ˣѾͷѩҵδϱָѡء
Ȼ֪ѩʲôѩ˵Źڵɽѡεӵ顣
ѩԣɽʮһεյӴֻѡЩҲڵɽô
ᣬѡ֮˶ľͻȥĲĻʮ֮ǰɽʦ˵׼߹ʺ˾ͻᱻΪ֮һء
ѩ˵ѡ֮˵³ϵͬûϷԣѡм˿˵ǼһĳĴͬʱ֣ɽĵӶԸһͷ
ΪɶΪǴһѡγĵӡ
ҲΪԭ򣬵˵ɽ˲ϡ٣ڴǰӵӱ鲼µĳɽǲһĵ͵
Ǹ㴵ѩͳֹһǿߣǵɽĳϣǶǼǰˣѩҵǰҲ֪ε˺δ
ѩ⻰Ǵţѩҳһ֪飬ҲΪѩһѩվȽŸҪԭ֮һϾûɽЩˣһǵɽĳϡ
Ȼ˵ѩҳ˴Ǽǰ飬浽һ˻ǧ˰Ĳ⣬ǵѩ֮Ǵ߳ʮ˱
˵ѩнյķչѩнյĳɾҲܲɷֵġ
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ͷѾԼŮװ˰ɡ
ѩϻôȻǸ˾ܻῴ˫бֳôһ¡
ϵĴƮŷĵļѩĳĶ˵ԼҪ顣
ϷҲƺһǰɽʦѧգܹһͬѡ˵ǽٺò飬ʱǸӾͽСˣϷտˡ
ѩϿСƺŷģȻͿǰһװŮװݣһԼɣҲ˵ʲô˳˵ȥá
ѩϷİɣʱܵչˣǰɽǶʱ䣬Ҳúúõչƺӵġ
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ѩЦķֻҪƺѾͷ߽ˣ֮ĹϵȻ£ʱһѲ𣬺ѩûкô
תۼ䣬֮
ǵɽɽŹеӵӣ˶ˣɽյĵֻˡ
ԣǰɽʦѧյŵ˭Ҳ䣬һ໥ʱŸߵ͡
ĺѩƺҲУѩƺߣֱγһٹƵĳ档
ֵܣЦһЦô
˵ʱ򣬷ܻĳƺѩƺΪƺӣû˵ʱ򣬷ıĳƺѩƺǴֵܣʲôġ
ѩƺδֳʲôһƽﲻټһɨģ۵ƺŲ⡣
ΪҪЦ
ΪɶЦ
ѩƺ⵹ѵ˷ģҲǣΪɶЦЦ˭
Ȼ֪ĴʲôЦʺܶడ
˵ѩƺúܿȫȫǱɽ˧֣ӵʮһʹվڴ϶ǧĿ⡣
ڶвǰɽѧŮǷ׷ױֳСöı飬ѩƺʱǰĵ״ֻϧŮģһľͷ˿е顣

433 ˧к

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ķԼѩƺûӪȫŰ
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иӵװƳĹӸ磬ϼ·Ҫ˲ĹټС㣬л켣ĵƦåҲžƿ·һε
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үô˲úڼﱧ帣ɽѧգܲô
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ŲӲĿŷģû˵ʲô
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Եظпţ־ܲ˸жء
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ʯ֮ϿصͼڣΪϲµʥ֮С
ˣѧ֮ȫɽµһͷҪɽΧһ㡣
ͷܶţĺѩƺ֮УʱԭغŵľʯʯŻ߳Űµӡ
⺮ֻһ£ƺηѩһ㡣
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ʮѵʯŴ󿪣λҪɽͣһµʱ䣬ʦѡԵ֮˳Ϊɽŵӡ
üĿӻ˵⻰ȴĻص˵Ķߣһһġ
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⡣
һĲδ֣ƵܶţĺѩƺӲļ˵ɽڡ
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ɽ϶һЩӣЩǹŵһµʱϢסĵط
һɽһ仹ʵķӣҪɽɽȪһӡ
ѩƺס˷ĶķУ˳Ϊʱھӡ
ۣүүȻ㽻ˣڿʼҪҵ֪ôҪȻûԡ
һȦճĶһӦȫ˵һµʱ䣬һʮҲûʲô⡣
ڷ˵ȻûʲôףЩſڷֹ˽ʳĸС㹫˵ȷʵˡ
һɽһ²뿪ɽ֮ҪôǷ˹رˣҪôѡ֮ˡ
ԣһʱڵĳԴöȶҪɽн
ڷĲŻѩƺ˵һ
⣬͸ңס
ڷſ̬ȣѩƺûֳκβһ˫ϸۿŷģǵȻĵͷ
ܿģҹɫ٣ɽ
ڵɽ걻ѩţҹֻ֮ݴ
ڷĺѩƺҹĻ֮ǰǰɽµֿһЩֲȡůҪȻǵöӲɡ
ȼշžʳƮɢ
ֵܣ˵úõѩճﲻҪôضܿ࣬ǲӹ̫ˣ
ѩҵǰѩҲѩƺǰɽѧգѩƺܾˣһôͨء
үүġѩƺе鶼ƵѩǵϣŸոտĵعϳһԲҪһ˫ϸƺǶ˼Ұһ͹

434 

ֵܣںصĻ㲻ѩҵĵճ
ѩƺԵعϵģʲôŵĵճֱһûԹؤ
ѩƺֻųԵعϣûġ
ֱһĵعϱŻ̧ͷŷġ
ٸһعϡ
Ϊɶһعϡ
ļὫԼݿعϸѩƺģɽ¿ʱͷعϣعϺǱ·ϵģҪǾҪˡ
ʱʳѾȫԹˣɽĵѹû׼ʳһµʱǶҪԼĴǻȥ
ҪȻ͵űɡ
ѩƺԼҪеĵعҲ˵ʲôһ˫ϸ۾ȴǶŷģķļǿҲ޷ʣջǰѵعϸѩƺ
ֵҸһЩ飬㲻Ҫңô
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ŵعϲδĵѩƺһҲûеعϵѩƺ˵ԼԼ¡
һ׼ҵķ䣬ʲôԺ溰һС
ڶǲ׼ҵķ䣬ʲôҵ־Ϳԡ
ӵһ͵ڶ㣬ҪȻԺع϶ûóԡ
˵ֻܽһ㣬׼ѩƺԽ׳һҪȻ롣
ֱ˵ڶع֮ѩƺ̧ͷһ˫ӶŷĿãĵĿ˵һ仰

ôˡ
֮ʲôϵôôͻȻ˵Щ
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һܶˣҪԵĻʺܸ⿳һζ
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ŷĵһϯѩƺһ˫ϸ۾ƺᶨʲôһ㡣
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Ȼⶼ֮Ļ
գ͸ڷĵϣůĹâʮȻ͸˿˿Ϣɽ֮÷뿪ůıѡ
˭Ҳ֪ɽһ֮Ҫʲô˶һֻҪͲᱻϳɽ
ֻгΪɽŵӵϣ
ЩصĵһϽŵ֮໥˽Ź֮ǲ׼ܡ
֪֮ѡǺεȵ͵ļʣԽ٣ԼĻԽ
ԣܱŷİ
һϵʱ䣬˴ӵɽɼЩֶжôݡ
뿪˷䣬Ŀ͸ŵһԭʼζвйİ
վɽˣԶſƲ㣬·һжУƿ֮¡
ʱҲǸһ԰һĵطţһУԼСӣճϢ򵥵һֱϡ
ǣһһжԼļƻУЦһ㣬ö˱˴˵Ĵ
ԭΪ֮»ص߹ϣѾᶨ˸ľģڿǸ˵ĵһۣ֪ԼԾӰӡ
תתûдñûɱ˽İݵʱȻΪ˾Լ׹ڤ
ĸоԼĵľǴδйľ
վڶɽ֮У̤ĿĶһоǺ޻ǰѾˡ
һУΪǸǷ˰ɡ
İݵǰ·һֱᴥգĻֻ֣ǰľ˲ɢˡ
ǵãеСŮ߹ڵĳܸܵİǷ񻹻š
һҲ˷ģڤΣأǸɻš
ֻҪţϣ
ߴߴߴߴ
ߴߴߴߴ
վɽ嶥ķĻŹȥ֣ʱߴߴߴߴߴǽִַֻӵ޹ĺ۾ڷĵǰ
糿ͳԿӣɽץġ
ѩƺȥץֻӣʵиֻͿֻӣӵ۾ͷĵ۾ЩưɡΪԭ

435 ǿ

űѩƺŶֻӣĳ鶯Ŵǡ
һ糿ҪôĶ㲻³θøкô
ԺҸԣ㸺
ѩƺѹûѷĵĻУʳѩƺǵһλ
Թ˿عϵζţԷĵҲζĿ
ķһ飬Դ뿪ѩǰɽһ·ѩƺԳرִţʲôóԳʲôǲһ㣬ɶҲһڡ
˾ǹߵģӽɽϸʮ죬ʺġ
Գƺһִʳɱĸһ㡣
գѩƺķĻһ糿ʹֻ޹ķӡ
Ƥϴɾȡ࣬һ֮󣬷Ա߿ʼտ
ãһƢƮɢöſͣסŲͣš
ڷĵмֱζڣó¯ˣԺС
ѩƺĿֱĶŷĿõֻӣˢһóذף˿øոճ¯һƬƬĽֽȥ
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һȥʲô
ѩƺһҪʲô
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ڳһִѩƺܿĽĿڷĿϡ
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һҲǳԱˣѩƺôҲûɶθڣĸɴѵڶֻҲѩƺԼ뿪ԺӳȥϤϤɽ·
Ҫڵɽͣһµʱ䣬һǾϽŵӻ˶˵Ϥһµɽɽ·Ƚ׻˵úã֮ĲУ֮Ĳޣ˵׼ǸԳҪݺǣʱǻֵĻԼѩƺƢѶԷʺǾԲưոݵģĻ
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йй
׷ĺһʮ˲ϵسǰţ;ߵʱһץס˷ĲĽǰ
𣡡
Ȼ䣬һҵ˻쳹ؼ䣬˻˶Ĥ졣
ſܳȻﾹȻһֻ̬޴ĺǣǺǵ̬֮ʮ֮
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ǰʯķҲˣۼźǳһצҪ
ǧһ֮ʣĳҷȥڣűⱻĳ
ʱҲԼһצӱ˹ȥһ˫ɫţͣ˽Ųŷĵ˫
˻ɤ淢ǵķô᲻һΣյźš
վԭһ΢ķĵĽĶʹߺǵ۾潻棬ֻҪͻᴦڱĵλ
ĵֻĸĳ𵶣ǱҪʱ̣òγԱˡ
𣡡
ɤеĵͺԽ쳹޴צҲסĴŵ棬׼Էķ
ԭЩ׷ʮʧӰֻ²ԶԼġ
˵ʱʱ죬һԾȷ͹ŷ˹ȥ
޴ΣϽýˣǱҧһڻһצϣ˽ʲô³ԣԲܸǽĻᡣ
ںǳǰһ̣һԾӰʧںǵǰ
ǵķӦʮֵݣʧ֪ĵζѸٵĻعͷһҪҧס
û뵽㷴ӦͦһĨЦڴǣںǻعͷҪһҧĵʱǵɵĺӰһθı˷ûǸ

436 ˵

ǵιûжԷʲô˺;޴ĺǼɫǵɫӰ˻Ǿҡ
γǰڱصãһһὫǰСΪеʳȻҵΪϢҪӦеĴۡ
һԾ𣬾޴ĽСαֱˣۿźȥһεķľںǵĹΧ֮ڣûκߵĿԡ
ѵǺ¹ӾҪںǸˣ
Զתһ˫ȤĿǰĴһĻѾƽĵǰҲһ㣬֮һȻģ۵ĺϷ
ҪңҲԼＸһԾʱ򣬷ĺȻ䰫ӣںǾ޴һ̣еĳкǸݺݵһ˺ǵĶϣһųΪĵط
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׻˵úã޳Ƕսʤķ׼ʲô¶ã۶Է˻Ƕ
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һߴһ߿ϷЦ˳¹ֹݵģҲĻһһϵĲࡣ
ƺɲְģ뿴˾ʲôսʤǡ
ϾǺǿǳݺˮģ㲻ˣҲڰ֮ԣһӦԵˣЩΪҲ޷Ӧǡ
˺ء˿ļֱ޷ݣϵҲˣüĿ续ͶǲմȾ׵һֹµľٶƫƫһ˫峺˫ȴ
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һߣͺǶսķʱǸʲô顣
˾޴ķ̬޴ͨԵĺҲʲôϡ飬֮ڵ֮ôӺռñˡ
׵ǣǶӦôͬС죬ͱرѰǴ䲻ڣôǻǣҲ䲻䲻ǻԼϰԼƷǵĹͬ㡣
뵽˴һĨЦݸڴǣս˲δĳ𵶣һ˫ɫ˫кƾʲô
ǵСǱЩˣҲǰˣУҪԸҪСһЩ
࣬ȻҶСº֣ǴɽҲӵаߡ
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Ǻ˵ɽ꣬ԵĶ֥ɲݣȵĶɽȪ¶Σվˣû˵ȡ
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أһһǺصɽ֮䣬صڵɽȺɽ֮Уֻһͷξ޴ĺǳŵûıţɺŷ֣ͷ޴ĺǸ׷ǣ
һ㡣
ܰȻңͱ˰
һ·ĹӾŰɫĹ׷ᣬûӵԭΪǰ˫ĺ¹ӡ
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Ǿɥ֮Ȯһһ۾ĺ¹׷š
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أһҾ徵Ǻص˶ߣ˶ܴҵİɵͬ

437 ˼Ů

Ǳ׷ĿѪˣƫƫ׷ƺŹһ
ѣֻһԾ籮÷Ĵͷ
籮ΪħҪ籮ɽɽĽޣɽĹ涨׼̤籮벽ɽŵӵ
վڽ籮֮һ˫ɫǵĿŷģǱ˵б¼׷û˰ɣͿ
н籮ܣܴһڳˡ
ɣסǰСӣţ˳𲻱Ǻǡ
źǽģɷְڹ޷籮ڲһ˫Ѫɫ˫ţˣһԼһʯͷźǶ˹ȥкš
ʯͷеĺǱȥͷһǰŸո̤תһ룬˻ȥ
һıҪŭӶƭȥ
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Σ
ԷѾ˷֮ĺǶԭأһһ˾ôţɫ˫źɫ۾˭Ҳƶһ֣·˭ȶһ
ֻһһʱ䣬ǵﵹбҡţһ˫ϵֺϣۿžҪ˯ȥˡ
ġ
ʱһ˲佫˯ĺǼˡ
ѰǵȥϿһͷҰ¹Լѩƺʱһ˲
ԳԵִжôǿҰ
Ϊ糿˵ЩЦѣû뵽һﻹŪһͷҰ¹
ö㣬˵￴㡣
ѩƺһ۶Ұǣһ˫ϸ˫ϸϸ´еƺʲô
˲ײҪһ۾Ϳóѩƺеʲô˼
ĳֻѾѩƺ͵֮Уǿ
Ҷˣȥɡ
˶˾ûĻҪ˵ɡ
Դ֪Լ֮֮ΧƵĻһ㶼벻ԡ
һԤУһʱ֮ڣѩƺһ뾡ְ취Լθ
Ϊ˽͵⣬ѩƺǿеŷĻصɽ壬뿪һ̣Ѿ׵ſ˵ϡ
ǵɽĺǣԵݺȵ¶ʿҪ˱ᣬȴһ׷ϵɥ֮ȮҲͰˣǱһԶԴв͵á
յŵӶһЩʲô⣬һӶô
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ʱһЦص֮䣬Ȫˮһ㶣죬ҹȥеľһ
˵ƾճں֮һϮ׿Լ˫΢΢ŵӣһϾĸԸĳڴˡ
һϮµӲǰںϴô
Цţظźǵëȴǵú۵
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ϲĲҲͰˣ֮һֻģҪݷӦĻǳСӵᱻʳ
һôҪǱ֪Լһ׷ϵʲôԽȺǡ
ص˵ԼĲվںԵİӴʼնһĨЦ⡣
ӳɫ˵Ŀ⿴ѾʧеӰǵЦ˼֡
ģģһ˼Ůӡ
ŷĵ֣ƺѾ֪ǰŮװ˾ǷģһҲƺȷݡ
ΪΣû֪
Ҳ֪Լݱ˿ˣʱæŴѩƺͷҰ¹
ֵܡ׸磬ڶУԺô˿ôҲܶٶٳ⡣
ѾѩƺȥĢһĢСôΪ˺ôɰĶ¹¹ôɰôԳ¹¹ء
ȼյžţذ¹Ƥ¹⴩ľǩϣ˵Ͽʼ
ԱߵѩƺԹɵ˵Ⱥͳ¯һ˫ǿ¹Ӱӡ
ڣǿԺ֮Уһ¹¯ѩƺȲĿͣģһõİǹСӡ
ǧٴεĻɹѩƺܹŰѩһûиѩƺ㹻ĹذγԸ
ѩ֪ѩңȻԩѩƺǺóԺúȵźţֱ֮СӲűԩԩ

438 ֮

쿪ʼһ⣬߳ء
ԡ
ĲòĹ涨һԳ⣬߱أҪȻθܲˡ
ѩƺףĸҴƱһµʱ䣬ɽĶﶼѩƺԾˡ
ӣôһĵĹš
ԭΪӶȹֱº飬׵׵Ĵеƽ
֪ɽʮһεȻյˣڵɽΪŵӵֻˡ
ϡеÿһ˵ʮѵõģһĻᣬһľĶ֣ԼиļʳΪ֮һ
ȻңڵɽƤӵǲ飬򱻷˾ͻᱻɽԶԶʧȥʸ
ɰֶٲ˵ģ֮仹Ϊ֮ͺñȵպϷһĻԭ׷ʮˣ·ߵʱ򣬽˺ǡ
ɣôôңɽҲû˶ʵİ
ǣǿЩ˵״Ǳһģ鵽˭Ļһᱻ޳ɽᱻٸ
ǲ²»˭˵һεɽŵв˶Ǹи֣֪³ô˵ĻҲǸеĸ֡
ǾûѩҴүǸСӣҿʱʱͳûɽ֮䣬סɽôİֻ˭
ԣҲ˵󣬶˭ѩҵ˹ϵѩҴүȵõ֮һ
ôһ˵޿ܣҪ֪ڵѩжôӴ󣬶ѩϵһλϾǵɽĴߣпǴڶ˵
ǸСأҿҲǸ򵥵ĽɫǵúǱ׷ɽô˫Īħˣ
ɣԴ֮ǰħ屻ѹ֮Ҳûħ˳ûڶοħĻɽӦ÷ˣһħһֱڵɽʱ򰡡
ڲħ岻ħģô
ôˣҪһĽͲǡ
һȥǣҪһȥµ֣ͺǵץסǡ
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ߣһȥץǣ׼֮޴ӡ
һʱ䣬˷׷׽ҸͶ𣬽ǰĺѩƺڵɽҪһ˵
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ѩҵʮֵӴκβã춼ǣһΣһҪ˸ϳɽ˲ɱΡ
ʱϵķڿ⵱ͣǵӣѩƺ˽Ҫʲô׼ǰԻҰζ
ŷϤĶԼһ˫ɵ֣ѩƺĿⲻɵĺ֮ϡ
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Ϊʲôôʣ
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İѩƺһۣæеĹ
ʱһԭغŵСԺľűһ߿һʵıߵľѿľҲɽõǡ
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˵֮Ϥɡ
ѩƺɽЩ˵ʱûй̫ĽӴΪľǱȺеĲ˼ǲȥǱˣ˵ˡ
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ĺǲĿ˿ѩƺһ˫ɫϸϸɨ˸顣
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ߡ
ѩƺһش˷Ĵ𰸡
ѩҴүҵȾѩĵճҵˣֵ̫ѿСӣħļϸҵȲ˼񡣡
Ǹĺѩƺ׷УǸĿħñӡĴӽīе֪ڶ½Ųͬ壬֮ǰһȺҪͳľǱħ壬һǰĴս֮УħջǱѹ˵ħ磬֮в̤ء

439 е

Ŀ˵ˣҰҰ죬һΡ
ʲôʱħˡ
˵λ壬Ʊ߶߶ô࣬һû
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թħϸɱ˰޹ڸģȻͱҵˡ
£һ˳ǰҪ׽÷ģԲ뵽ĵѾ벻ľ硣
ʱÿ϶һֲ֪ôݵ״̬С
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ⲻǹؼؼоһɹδ֪ԴԴϵӿ棬ڵĳҲڲϵȡĵ书ڲ֪ﵽһ硣ǰҪ׽ãոսıһźݺݵ˵ϣֻһ죬Ժǽһ󶴣ҪˣһѾǷ
ʴˡ
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һ飬ЩĺѩƺǽɽĶץԣЩɶǵɽгޣڲ֪ѵɽȦٻˡ
Ҫ֪ٻǵɽΪޣ޼۵Ĵڣ˵ĸЩ̺ҲȻȻա
ǷĻѩƺҲܵĴڣҲǶǧ̲δ֮дһܵļơ
꣡
飡


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Ӳ̫ʦԷĵԭΪΡ
ΪбҪȥμӵɡ
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ӵĻҲ˵˷ĺѩƺ˵ĽʲôȻǧ˴ļ֮ʱɫӰǰǿϢǵصϮսĳ˲ֹͣ

440 ô

˭Ҳ벻ɽŵӻ֣֮顣
á
λʦ֣ǺСħļϸѩҴүɱˡ
ǵʦ֣񼫣һҪǾ͵ǡ
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һָŷĺѩƺУŽ˳ɽǽɱƽߡ
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441 ͱ

ٷĺѩƺ⡣
һ䣬һǶ
߶ѩƺһǰ޴Σѩƺ˵ҲԲԶ
ȥѩ֡
Σա
֪ɽлƫɽУΪůͳԱѩаĴʲô
ǰ뿪ʱǧǧǧ̤ѩ֣ѩʮΣգɸ뿪ãһһӰ˳˼µĲһһĲѩС
׻˵úãж󵨵жΪܰĹʮĺѩƺӰûѩ֮С
ѩ֮Ա֮Ϊѩ֣Ϊѩѹž޴
յľ޴ڵǰ죬ȴĺͰһ
Ļѩ˼ѵǰѩ֮УȻ䣬һصѩУɫһ䣬˲佫Լ˻ѩڡ
޴ͷɹƶĤ˽ܡ͸ѩķ϶Ŀһֻֻͷɹľ޴񣬺ɫѪһ㣬ɫ۾Ŀ¶׹⣬ҪЩ޴ϵʮֵķֻҪػܽһ
նϡ
ˣĺѩƺҲʦֿеΣһΣա
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һԤУӽѩֿʼָоǰӦʲôöڵǡ
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ĻĿѩƺֱ׼ǰЩӴԵʱǿֱЩ
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кƶʲôһ㣬ѩƺĻİźɫ˫ЦȴҲûлؾʲô
ʱһһ֮еŭϵĻصڶ˶ߡ
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ȻֻëǲԶŶѾһʱˣѰŷָŵķ򿴹ȥѩƺֻëеĹâѾ˵һС
ʱ˿ֻܳԺͲܳԵ
Ҳ֪ΪΣԴɽ֮һͷҽ˳ԻĶУһ쵽ĥʲôܳԣʲôóԡ
ԽĻѩǺѩ¸ӶŰˡ
ѩƺֻëʱֻëҲڿŷĺѩƺˣںڵСĴţȡһ㡣
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ȻѩƺһھܲܳԵ⡣
˶ѩһʱ䣬һ֮⣬νĺöû
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˺ѷεĿĥ˶Ĥۣ⻹Ҫ飬ֻë޺Ƭ֮ŭ֮䡣֮ǵضɽҡĸо

442 缦

ĿѩƺѩƺͬŷģйһֲõԤС
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ĺѩƺȻӹһ٣ҲѩԳɽϡ
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վɽϵ˶ɽŭѩԳһʱ䣬ѩԳϲҲ²ȥ
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ѩƺеĺöûҵѩԳˣǿҪ˼´һʱ䣬ԺӡҲù
һѩԳ˶ˣÿ˽ѩѰʱѩԳܻͬһУȻһ׷Ϸ
ڷĺѩƺǳصģȻѩԳ׷ǱǳɹԵص˼ϡ
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444 кĻ

Ǯѩƺ˵ûʲôաڳԣȫһȼϡ
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ƽʲôɽɴδֹ״ƽ
ԣƽƾʲô˾ΪŵӣǾͲԡһʱ䣬һһŷĺѩƺΪŵһ¾кĻ

445 㻹Ҫô

һ˼ߵĲˣһŴ˴εɽŵѡδкĻѡ˵ŵ֮⣬ΪλжѵΪѩƺѩǳӡ
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ǲһ˵ǾԲưոݵġ
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οѩƺͷѾڶѡȺҷҪһͣߣЦ
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һȺǰǿŷģ¶ɱԽǿ

ʱһǿϮһŷĳ˹ȥұһɱľġ
վԭصķĺεĿһ۵ɽĵӣǷһ顣
𿴵ɽĵǶһϮɷǣһ˲µģǣĶǺڵġ
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վǰľӸµĿһ˫б鲼ź⣬Ļﻺӿƺڶ˵ţҲڶ˵š
Ӧ飬ûҪ


ʱؼ˷һװƵĻ֮⣬һš
㿴ҿ㣬߷׷˵ϣѾˣڿʼԺʮ궼ͬˣһ˵Ҫܡ
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˿еׯڶһСȻ͵ɽѩӴȻͬն
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ô
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ɽº͵ЦţЦǽһ͡
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446 

ׯĴһ֮Ҳû˸ɷǷ˳һǴ򲻹ģΪѩš
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ô
˵䣬ֽ˷ĵϡ
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447 ž

ĺѩƺԭסνžӡ
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ʦ֡
ʦ֡
һƱɽŵӷ׷׺ͷĴк
λʦ֣ǣ
ĵĿڼеϣǲһ䡣
ŶǸʲôʦҲûԷأⲻʦֳȥˣҲû˸
ԶԶԣҪʮʦ۸Ҳһ뷹ɡ
ˣȺĿǲԲȣδ˵껰ѩƺһĿ˳ȥеĹâҪôжô
ʮһʦ㲻Ҫʦ֣ʦǡ·ǡûԷѡ
ǺĽǳֵʱǡ˵ֻǸպ·պþ˸꣬˶ѡ
ʵϣӷѩƺɽ֮ʣ˾ĵĸ˳
ζʳ˶ܸоڵʳжôζ
ô꣬ǵһζ˵
ðɣȥһЩˡ
Ҳȥ˵ʲô극ȥϢһٷ˰ˡ
ʵϣʵԶȷĻҪҡ
˲һִⲻǷս
ĲһһӶѩƺһͰĶ缸ˣµҲǶſӺѩƺӡսһ

448 Ƿҵ

ѩƺ棬֮һΪҪ˷֮󣬷ķ˱һ˶еġ
ͻȻֵһȺȴռʳΣ
ʮһʦܣ׻˵öҪʦʢ㷹ɺá
Ц绨ҪѩƺŵķͰʢѩƺһĿ˻ȥ
ˣ
ûԣԲ˾ˡ
Ӽв˵һ̣һ˫һµʳ
ʮһʦܣˣ㲻Ҫʦֳ֡
˲䣬ս
µԳ˿ٶȳһ˽ʼȻռϵƣѩƺҲǺǵģͰУץסһ̲˵뷹ͰС
˻ǵĿһۣǳòһ㡣
С

ŷһԿӲĴҷɵķ̾˿ʮֵļһӲ˷Уһעƽ
ʮʦɶ
ƺ˷£ɾϵգŷʲô
ôȥԪô
һ仰ǵ÷̧ͷһ˫ü΢΢мֽ䱸Ҳмֲ⡣
Ҳ˷еķ֮⣬ԵЦЦ
ģɽͼıҲС鷳ˡ
Ȼ绹ǲ̫ʦΪʲôշΪͽܣʦȻôˣȻһĵġ
֪ҪȥԪʲôҲµī˵ȥԪķӣҲɽϰ׼̤ԭ򣬿ɶԡ
Ļûз
ԣҪڵɽϰ̤磬ǰԪڤôʱȥˣֻǸոճΪɽŵӶѡ
һĨЦڴǣİݶڤĳǰ
Ļһɵս˫ȭһ˫еɫʺ졣
żڵĳʣʦһΪġ
簲ŷģŮΪԼİ֮һУ˼ͬ顣
ʵȥԪ绹һֱ׵İ취֮֮ӮĵһͿǰԪˡ
Ӯõһ
ԣÿһ֮ĵһᱻԪģҵΪķΪҩģϰϳ˱䣬֮һ˶ȥĺõط
˵һǽīû˵ġڽ֮ʱھ֮ǰµս֮īδ߷֮һԪ磬ֻ˵ְ취һΥԼȻ취Σ
ԡ
ڶǵȵһľ磬ȻǰԪ磬ǰڤ
ǰ˵ڶַΪһЩҲʱ䣬īΪ˷ĵİȫ롣
Žİݲ׵ڤ
ҪӮõһ
мţӮһΪǰĿŬ
ǺɢŵĹâ쳣˾˵ĻǶϷ
ڷĺ˵ĵϢӵĲѾɨһɶеĿϰԵ䣬еֻп
ۿտҲһУԼһķӣ˾
ɫԽɽ
žӵĶ¥ϣĹűעŴ¹⡣
ǰһθֳİݵӰ
ϸĵ΢΢еЦ磬һ˸ǻ˷ʹ
ģǲʮ˱ڵķء
һǻķȥ۾
ʱѾģˣ֪ԽİݵһǰǺ
ʲôҪ˵ڤץ
ӵҸܾô׵ˡ
ԣ
Ρ
ɫĻһڷĵΧ
֪ˣ֪жûгƬ֮С
һƬһƬɫĻƮţԾϤ磬ԾϤĻ
ĿԶޱİɫ硣
ʱһɫӰƾո֣ڷĵ
ɫӰģֻ֣ܿ޳ָǰҪĵİ׷ָȴ˷ĵ塣
Ƹоʲôһ㣬͵ػعͷȥ
ϤĸоԽŨҵΧĵףعͷһ̣ʲôҲûС
ǡô
Ǵɡ
žȻоİݾͳ
һЦԼС
ǵǸСŮ˵ĻԼͽİŸӦܸӦڤǰݡ
İݣҵģûҵ׼㲻׼
ĵصڰɫĻУһһ鲻ϵػصš
ɫĻ΢Ʈ䣬ŷĵƮԶԼԼУǷк˻Ӧʲôһ㣬ת˲ţɢӰ١

449 ҪΪ


磬ɽѩ
ڷľסڵɽʱ棬ѩѾ˾ռߵ顣
ɫѩ£ŴããһƬ˿
ΪϤĸоɣҲĳеơ
ɽΪŵӵĵһΣĺѩƺ׼뿪СľǰϿΡ
ɵ˸ո̤СľݵʱǰüˢˢվΪ׵λʦָһº͵Ц⿴ŷġ
ʦʦ֡Ǹɶ
Ľ䱸Ŀµȼλʦ֣һ糿ͳſڣ̫ˡ
ûɶⲻŽȥô
֪ôߡ
ȷĿ˵ѩƺһ仰Ӧ磬ŷĵ뿪žӡ
Ȼϲ˵һ۾Ϳ˵ͼ
зֵʳȥɡ
Ŷ˽ʧеıӰµȵɽĵȼյĻǸ
ʦ֣ΪǲٳԶʦķƴˣ
µĻҲһʦֵҪ˵ġ
ʦֺͶʦ뿪ɽȥˣʱĻʳǱҪһе˵ѡɾǷˡ
˵ˣʦֶʦֻˣڳԹôóԵζ֮ҲûθڳԶʦκ
ڻʦķ˼ֱʳ
ԣ
ʳҪѳԣһڲ֪ʲôĶجÿÿصС
ǣԣ룬ٹˡ
Ϊҵ
ΪǵĽ
ʦֵиǼţΪܹȥҪԸֶ÷ĸԡ
һߣĺѩƺǰ
ΪŵԺǵһڿΣѾȺˣ˷ǡ
Σ˷ֱѡ˸Եλĺѩƺ֮еЩӡ
ǹѡγģĳЩˣǴӺ߳ˡ
ߣ
Цţ˷ܵĿⲻٿŷĺѩƺ߰תͷ
Ĳûз˿ĿǲмΡ
ˣ°ɡ
ʾĺѩƺҸλȥ
ʱһɫ۵˽ֱ𷢸ĺѩƺŸղŵĻ⡣
գΪʦϵĵһÿΣҲɿΣһǵɽʷ
º͵ŵɽʷӵɽɽɵ߹ǧ꣬ŵţȻЩζ˽⵽˹ڵɽ֡
֪ΪʲôɽÿһŶʮ޲Ŷյôյӵֻ
˵ˣ˵Ŀ⵭ɨˣӷһֱš
ڿŷĵʱһĨЦ⸡ֶǿʵݲ֪Ի˶ŮķģˣûаʮҲʮˣǰһƤҶѡ
ǳ˵פ֮
ģ˵˵֪ɽΪÿʮһεӣյֻ
˵㵽˷ĵ֣Ƿ֪еԭ
ʦĻӲ֪
֪Щ߰ĳ£˵ɽˣҲϤ
㲻֪
Ц⣬˫ۣһ˵͸ŵЦдǷ֡
֪ǲǴ̤ɽʼһֺǹĸоֱָ֮оԽŨҡ
ڹ
ʵǵɽÿʮŶһͽɺܼ򵥣һʦĹأֻӢĺܳΪҵɽĵӣô
˵ʱͣһ£һ»еôʡ
Ƭ֮Żڡ
Ϊ
ɽʦүɽɣǶľԪ˶ʦүĴ֮ˣǰʦ֮ﲻЩ̤ƽ˵ɽ
Щ֮˶ֶ֮࣬ʦүֻҪϸɸѡѵɽá
ɽҪÿʮյӣֻӵϰס
ɽǧҲһЩ˹صʱ򣬾ͺñһŵѡδᣬԭӵĺѩǳѩǳΪɽŵӡ
ȻȻ˵ѩϺͽīȣǾԲŹġ
˵ŵɽ֣Ҳ˵ɽһЩ飬Լ
һ죬ܿľ͹ȥˡ
ǰŸո̤žͱһȺ
Ϊ׵ĲǱˣǵɽʦ硣
ȿȣǸʮʦãʦְһôΪɽʦ֣ΪͬʽϸߵĵɽŵӣΪܳ˲ţΪ

450 ô

Ϊʲô֮µһȺɽĵӶһЦϵЦݼ˻ǵĵŷġ
ʮʦãʦѾҹˣʳѾ׼ʳģʮʦþͰʦǰѣҲĸʦͷǲǡ
ǾǣʮʦãҲˣʦʦһƼݣ㿴ʦܣ⺢ӳǵɽʱһӣ㿴ڡݵľʣƤˡ
ʮʦãʦҲˣʦõķϣ;Ⱦʦǰɡ
һƱɽĵ۰Ͱ͵Ŀŷģʵһ糿Ǿ÷緹ԣһ˷С
׻˵úãʲô鶼Ҫѭ򽥽ʼա
ԱһĻ
ӲĿ϶ǲˣ˵ĲӲģοѩƺڷߣϿǼʶѩƺӡ
ƽʱһɽ˵ݣһԵĲϣһȺͻҲɲѩƺ
ԣµƶ׼ƻ
ƾʲô
ʱѩƺ˿ڡ
һɫҪôѿжôѿǷڵɽ
зڵĵطͻڣܴһԭΪĵĳա
Ⱥ˾Ȼ֪ܵãܺã
ʳʲôУʮһʦϲʲôǾ͸ŪʲôϷɵĵܵˮεģҪǳʦҲŪ
⣬Ǽƻ
÷ĸѣѵѩƺ
Ҫ֪ѩƺУĵĴھ൱ͶãȻЧ
ѩƺеɫЩҡջ
㿴ǵɽѩҪŪԵǼѵ飬ֻҪʮһʦܿ˵ʦһŪʳġ
ѩƺû˵۾˼еףµȵһѩƺı飬֪¶ˡ
ߣʳȥʦ׼һþơ
ĲܺȾơ
ŶǺȾơ
һʳãı˵Ŀн˳ʹ֮кżûľĴӣԣһһ˿С
߿˳
Ϊʲôޣж£
ĸж궼ûôõĻ档
ɽʦ̧Ӳ۽ǵۣԴ˵ɽΪɽŵ֮󣬱ΪҸ
ճϢϰϲĹõ˵ľԼľ硣
ȷȷʵʵǰˣڳԵϣֱ̤޵
ÿһ꣬ÿһ죬ÿһʱֻҪصʱ
ʦ˳ÿֺãΪָߣ˵һʦʦܵĴްΨһ㣬ʦѳԵ˼ˡ
ƫƫʦֻϲղ˸ǳԣʱʱķһЩ²Ʒ
ǵôһ궬죬ʦܸոɽãϰߵɽһ󲡡
˵ŵ֮£ͣһ£ʦ¼˵š
ǵãҼǵĶر䣬СˣǴҶżʦҲǣʦֶʦҲǣʦֻΪС߰һࡣ
£˶˻֮УΪɽʦ֣̾һ
ǵģؼǵãС߸ðˣֻҪԼҩͻȬɶʦһȥС߲ûȥҪʦûûҹСߣС߾ˡ
˵Źʦ嵱ɽ֮£ȴһ±ȡ
զǵã
˹ˣôǵ飿
ʲôʱģͼǵԼոðʲô˰رĶιȥ֮Ϳ˺ڰ޳ˡ
Ŀһ壬ͬĿЦ⡣
ҪǸ㣬㻹Զʦķô
һ仰ѿЩǹ⿴ܡ
һڵɽĵ˵лҳԻ֮ڣɼʦֵ֮ĸжô
һڷĺѩƺпȺ˼ֱٿˡ
Ȼɽ˵µӣһɷǣп涼Ǻڵģڵ͹
ϵƮɢڿУϢˡ
һųεϣѾ룬⻭ʮ׶԰ȴƻСӡ
ˣɡ
Ľһ˶Ϊ˷ֹȲ˲ſԿ
žણ
žણ
žણ
֪˭Ŀˮϵϣ˻ȥ̿
ڷĿ仰ոճڵʱֻѸײڶٶ꣬ʯ֮佫Ĳ˷ԼУѵСɽһߵǷˡ
ȷ¿ӣǰһƬҶҲûʣ¡
ǡôǵ٣Ըѣ˰ٱûԹʳһô

451 ǲǵô

һڷЩˣǶڳܵ˫Űĵɽ˵һҲΪ
Ҫ֪ôġ
Ҫ֪ôͦġ
Ҫ֪ܻжôĲס
ʦһǿĴˣɱǾԲ̣κʳһ˶ʦֵʹ㣬ͻʳ顣
ʦҲ⣬ֻñչΪڣܾʹöʦķ
ǽ첻һˣ
оˣľľ
ӳ˷ĵһٷ֮ǴûڴԷ
֮˱ҪĹ̫ôóˣ
һٷϴӺͿҲûκʳˣҲֻǳһ׷
صžӵʱѾˣŰһѩ֪ʱͣ
ɫѩϣ׵ķ
˯ŵķĴӴȥѩϣҲСС˭һڵѩƺ˹
ôˣ
ѩƺӷдͷû뵽ô΢ĶҲѩƺˡ
û¶˯ɣҾ˯ųɢɢġ
˽ϵ·һǳһŵĲѩɽ֮ϡ
һԲ¹У̴ֿɼ̧ͷһ˫ѪɫķӳɫĹâ죬˺֪ʱڷ˾վԭأӿɫվŵӰ֪֣ŷĵıӰƺһֵĿ˲ʧӰ

ǲ˱ˣĻ֮ʱ㿴ˡ
ʦ𣿡
ôô
ֱ񡣡
ûбץΣһǰվڷߣ޳ͬһ¹£ȴűУһɵĸоضɢһΣյϢ
㲻ô
ŷġ
ʦָʲôɽⶫ
ġ
˿˵Ķ֡
ɽȻ£ǲսʤȻ£֮վ˵̰ȴ޷ĥġ
һ˺ܶ⡣
ڵĳʿҪõǾβڵ˷򵱳ȻҲΪ˱顣
ô
һĨЦ⹴ڴǣ˫ָѪɫһο߹ҹеԲ¡
ĵƶܹģұɱ֮ħұ֮ħûֹ
֮⣬ҪõҲҪȺû¡
˽Ȼʵٷһκˡ
Ǻǡ
Ȼ䣬ЦɽصЦ
һԣҵɽĵӡ
ЦƽϢתͷĿڷĵѪɫ֮УѪӳŵӰӡ
ʦڿʲô
ı˵Ŀ⿴Щڣ͸ʲôһ
ָоʮֲˬ
ûʲô
ҡҡͷļʧ䡣
ȥϢɣҹܳ磬˺ȺӿɾҪˡ
£˻ȥߵʱ˵һ仰µ˼÷ʱһЩһݡ
¹˽ԶȥıӰϣڱŷģĲδиΪįĿ⡣
һ˿Цֵĸ˵Ĵǣһ޷ݵ˸С
ǲǵô
һ仰صڿУʧããҹɫˡ
ûκ֪仰ʲô˼Լ
ա
ĺѩƺȥΣϵǽһЩĻ
˿ʲôɷҲô飬Щ˲ǿıʣټöѡ
ñһƬѩȥһƬѩʵѩ״
÷һֻص˴ѧʱѧεĸо
һڿȻ˵ףҲöʮһר֪Щݣѩƺø±ơ
ľ͵Ⱥ⣬һЦĿŷĺѩƺ
ʳѾ׼ʳģʮһʦܣʮʦ߰ɣʦʮʦܣһɡ
ʦʦʦʦֵĻҺ;ʦʮʦܻЩ飬Ͳȥˡ
ź˷ܵ˲ͷѩƺߺŽκιϸһҲ롣
һ߷֮ǾԲʹ˵ѵġ
˳񣬱תȥʧ֮С
ʦܣʦܺʮʦôˣ
ĿⲻˣòƲǺϲĺѩƺ
ѲΪ顣
ʵĺѩƺѾڶ֮ˣҪΪڸǷĵݣôΪŵӣֻϣܽ׹̫Լ¡

452 ֪

ʳãڵɽڵ˵ս֮ء
ڷĽɽ֮ǰһ޳ںԼȡΣճ¶ʦķ͡
ڷ֮һսںͬžƴƴʳ
ʦܣ˵仰
ʦ֣С仰
ʦܣٲֿɱΪֲˡ
ʦ֣仰ӦҶ˵
ٲ֣ͱҲˡ
˴۵С۵ĿŶԷһ澢Щ֪һȣ֪ĻΪʲôֵǵıء
գһȱѩƺ˹Գ޵Ŀ⿴ѩƺ̵ĳһȣǺ޵
ʱ绺еĿӣһ˷˿־Ϣ
յϢʦֶʦֹҪˡ
ɶôô˵ʦֻҪµʱܻô
԰ʦ˵ʦֺͶʦȥϺˣҪµʱܻء
Ǿǣôôͻˣ
˺ǲ⣬˵õȥ£ôԤƵǰˡ
˵ϺǱߵжɽָԤǵɽҲòˡ
ݣǶɽȺ˵Ϳǲ˳ˣģ
һǻ˶ԶɽĲ
ʦֺͶɽгô
ֹг𣬼ֱǲĳޡ
һ𶫼ɽɽڵϵıͱʮĶɽȺѪһ㡣
ҹۣС壬ȥǳǽһ´ʦֶʦ֡
ãȥǳǡ
һٷգĺѩƺصžӣ֪ʱѩ
ѩƺһ¥ϣһȵĲˮվڴ߿ķġ
ʲô
ûʲô
ѩƺĴ˼лعеɫȴ޷ƭѩƺ
ԴѩһȻϲǷĵÿһٶ飬һ˫еϸ΢仯ܲĳ
֪Ǽ֣֪ǰŮŮװѩƺһֱûнҴҲûȥѯʷΪʲô
ڶɽô
ѩƺĺܣѩһûκ⣬ϸȥмһֲͬѰĹС
ȻѩƺԼҲ֪ԼΪλ
ʲô鶼㡣
ҲʲôѩƺĶ棬һȵĲǳһڣصڴ֮䡣
Ĳˮ˳źθĻ۾һ˫֮ʱѪɫ˫һĨ⸡ֶǶԶɽĸǿŨҵĺ⡣
ܸҹô
ѩƺһΣĵһʷģҪѯһЩ顣
Դʼĵһж˵һԣһ޷š
ҲΪˣԼԽĳһȥʧԼ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦڳЦԼԳΪġ
ⲻ֪Ǵһ֮ʱɫ֮һͷ׷ŮѾУ˲ĥĽŲ
֪ɽΪһˣģƽһЩĽǸˣͬҲΪԼĴܸоһ
ѩǳӣӵŸ߹ݣ֮ʱǾһöΪĵش
ȴһһĽפ˷ĵȴʲôӶ֪
ָоͺصһȭȴ޻һ
ѩƺŷģ֪ڷĵһЩ顣
ҵ飿
ĿѩƺĻ³һЦǰĿӡ
֪ʲô
ΪŮװ
ѩƺĿֱŷģпʲô
Ůװʵܼ򵥡
ʼ磬ҲûʲôҪȥˡ
ʼûкѩƺ˵Ϊİȫ룬ѾΪ˵ɽŵӣ˶֪ľڵɽ֮С
ԣһҲûʲôˡ
Ϊҵֽзġ
˵ԼϺ֣ţѩǻٵĲԼݣѩƺҲԼŮӵݡ
Ϊзġ
߹½ӵʿҪõĳ
ġ
ѩƺŷ֣һһֵĴӿл¶أһĨЦ⹴ڴϣЦ͸һ˿ᡣ
ܺ֡
Ҳֲ
ֻºģҲˣֻһͨͨķ˶ѡģκǣƫƫҡ

453 ǿX

ҹ֪ʱֽɽС
ҹƮɢѩǽɽ
磬ůĻ¯ȼŷž
ĶŲ豭ѩƺ˵߹½顣
ľǧ˵˽İݵıĺҵ޼ɽص˽
ƺһܴЦĳûбҸӵĳΪüýİݳǸȴʧǰڤ֮С
ЦţĻ³һ˻ϻӣżѹǧ
ǲǾҺܿЦûгˣ֮ҪǰԪңɼĵطȥ
ЦҵĽʵۡ
Ľ㾭
ѩƺ˫ӳŵ⣬Ҫȥŷ۽ǵۣ쵽еʱȴͣע⵽ԼЩԽľٶ
ΪΣѩƺԼһ衣
ԣɽĿıǰʦѧգǰԪڤȥˣ
һʼôġ
ľȷʵˣڸıˡ
Ҫ֮֮ĵһŪھ
һеһжھ벻˸ϵңԶɽԣڵ֪ԼΪɽĵ֮ҲԲưոݡ
ɣǾ
˭Ц
ѩƺڶôʱ䣬֪֪ɽͶɽ֮ʲôޣ
ڳԷʱ򣬿ʦ̸ɽʱ϶һ޵ı飬ƶɽʲôһ㡣
ʱһֱ͵ʵܲס䣬˴Ŷ롣
Ǹ˵Ĺ̫ˣʦ񡣡
ӷĻԼĹ¿ʼվڶСľҪǷѩ̫͵ȥ
ʦ־ס¾žӿǸźüɽôʦְҹžˡ
ѽⶼص㣬صʦֿԸǵɽͶɽĳޡ
˷ĵʣԹԵİһСڻ¯ԱߣָԼһ衣
ȵĲˮ˺ůȫţжôˬˡǵɽͶɽ֮ʵһֱĦϾǶĴɽĵȻ٣ţ˵ǻʵӼǶҪͿģ˵ɽȺ˵
ˡ
ڱͶɽʱ򻹲̧Լݵλ
һо˵ԣɽĵȻ٣ܳΪɽĵӶǧѡˣ涼Ǹһȵġ
һ֮ҲҪ
ΪĴ֮һǵɽڶأǧȻల£ɶɽȺ˵ǵɽıˣʮʦӦ
Ļ÷ĵ˵ͷȻ⣬񶫼ɽԼϵĳһ
ڵ֪֮󣬶ɽϱ̳ؾȻΪŵӣߣ
ҲԼʲôеˣͰݸèΪʦô
⣬˵ŶɽôΪȻȺ˵δóѣҪǵɽʵѹƣöɽҴ̰
ɽδʹ˰ݡ
ֱʮǰҲһεɽͽʱ֮ʽΪС
Ҳ֪ÿʮɽ⿪ţƵŵӣʵһҲѡŵӣʦܰʦܺ;ʦܣ˷ֱ壬ͺݡ
ӣ粻̾һ
̾Ϣ֮󣬼ͷѩƺ˵ʮǰ顣
ÿʮһΣɽŶ⿪ţƵŵӣΪŵӵֻ
һжĽţ˭֪ɽȻõɽͽʱҪȡɽı䡣
ڵʱʦܰʦܺ;ʦܣ˶ɽ˵ĽŲҲյʦϵǣʦܰʦܺ;ʦǸոţδİʦǶɽȺ˸ӵĶ֣ˣʦܺ;ʦܸΪ˱䱻ɽ˴ʦҲ˻
ԡ
ʦķ˴ľҲ޷Ȼʦܺ;ʦܣֻܽʦܴıԵ˻
ʦܺ;ʦܵĹںɽţʦÿ궼λʦ㡣⣬ǵɽͶɽ֮ǾѳΪ޵еĹؼɽһʦֵܶĦȭƵڴ֮ĵʱһҪɽѪծѪΪʦܺ;ʦܱ
֮԰Ϣ
ԭˡ
΢üëѪɫ˫һĨݾ֮⸡ֶ
ʦַģ֮һöɽ˸ӦеĴۡ
Լǡ
ӻлعЦŷģȻӴĵʱ仹̫ܸоŮֵýġ
ɻ㷢飬㿴ĺѩƺվ߽
ǡҪʲôҿǵʦ֡
ûʲôǾǺʦôžӡҪҪǿXˣ

454 Ҫһ

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˻ţĺѩƺ˳ȥҵѩС
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ʣŰһҹķѩͣӳȥҲ֪ʱʧ
һĺѩƺǰΣӽ쿪ʼΪʦ˱㲻ڿΣǽȫȨɵɽĵһһڿΡ
˼Ķʦ֣ѩƺ˼Ĵʦ֡
ʦǲˡ
пܡ
ΪʦӦ֪ʶ鷳㽫ŵĵӽԼͽܴ棬ԻԼɵĳɳʦڵֻ
жɡ
ĳ鴤ǣɽϰģ׼̤磬μ֮֮˾Ȼ˳ȥ
翴˷ĵĲ⣬ļοš
ʮʦģʦֵȺߵģΪҲߵģ˺ܺá
ںõʲô̶ȣҪԼˣˣʮʦã
ʱ򣬴˵еĵɽʦֶʦֻˡ
ʦշ磬ΪֺƮݣһиֵĸоͬһҲһ־ǧ֮侲ɢɱǿ
ʦǧΪǧңһϮ׼ĵɽۣһּĸоǿݵӣ˵ʮģĸݵĻΨüĿ㷽ǧҵϡ
һ˪ͬɱһ崺湫ӣȫˡ
ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦֶˣΨʦ֡
Ҵӽɽʼἰʦֵ֡
ֱ߷ģһ֪顣
ʮʦðɡ
ʦǧһǰһ˫ȴʧ۾ŷģ֪ǲǷĵĴȻӶʦֵпĸ
ĸ
ţ
Լ˰ɡ
ʦֺʹʦǰʱŰ£ûļμʦʦǵİʦţǶʦֵһ⡣
˵䣬ǧҽһģһ彻˷ĺѩƺŵ˵С
һģһ壬㿴ҿ㡣
塭ĳ󣬶ҳʮֱ£̵ʲôӻ
ʦֵ֪ŵϢ߼۹Щ壬ϣϡ
ǧĿŷĵˣʾ˲Ҫ˼塣
ǡôĲϣѿҪ
ڴʱһŭͻȻŵһ
ϡ
֣ǿˣһݲѹ˵˲ǱˣǵɽĴʦַ
ڷǿȣĵֻýöľϡ
˵лл
ֵŭ˵Ÿлʦ֮Ĵ
ѩƺȻûĳ棬ǿĴʦֱ֣һǿҪ˼򲻹ǲŲҪ塣
վһԿϷµѾ̿Ц
ǴʦסһǵǸ棬֪ʦѩƺʦֽڹǾϸ㻹˵ĵơ
ϾʦǸʲôӵֲǲ֪ĲһƨĴڣǹҲȼ仰ѡ
ѩƺѩҵӣΪ˱Ժʹʦ޼ҪǷߣСӶǵĴڡ
Բһɽһĳ桭ף
ע˲˺ⳡʵĹ죬ǿȥˡ
Ϊףʦʦʦţʦָ¶һ֡
ʦǧһ仰£˲䣬ؼһƬţһľš
࡫
֪˭һڿˮĻص˶ߡ
ǸʲôǸʦ֣ʦҽӲˬʵԵƷʦζȣȸһ
ҲǣҲǣϳԻˣһҹĶӣʦʦʦɣҡ
ңҲǣ
һʦҪ³æҽڶߣɶʦվʦ֣ܶô
һûгԵʦķˣŵ˳θʣһߣʦǰϺʱѧ²ˣһҪһ
ǧһ£ۿµһֿۣ˿ĺѩƺ
˭ߡ
֮⣬Ҫһ
㿴ҿ㣬գһ䲻ԸʳãǸǼ֮ȴɢϢĵ
ʦȲǳѧĲˡǲ

455 ˫ĥ

ɽĵӣƮƮɷǣһ֮˸η
˭֪ȺĶǺɫģڵ͹
ʳУһųΧʮһˣæµĶʦǧ֮⣬ʣϡ
ʦ֣ΪҪǣͬŰ
ԹĿţΪʦֵķԾһеû˿ı仯
ʱڳæµӰŲ˳һһӺĲ˰ڷǰ
ɽĵ;һĻĻ˵ĳ棬ĵ˿ɴδʶȾ㤵Ļ档
ʦ֣ǡʲô
ķǳǰһյĺשͷʲôʳģɫζоǴӡˣǲˣ
ǰ˵Ĵļһˡ
ʦ֣⡭ʲô
ǺźǺ㡣

źͺ㣡
ԭˣƽ˺źһƬһƬһһ飬ǧҵĺźһһΣֲÿڵһשͷ
㣬ţɢŹââӳͷǰľǿԼᱻʲôеĲ˶ƽ
ڽϵļ˷ľԼѾ޷ˣٻЩ϶Եôƽƽ棬Ѿˡ
Ҳ֪ˣΪʦֵǶ˰˰ĶͶ̥һ㣬ԭˡ
ʮʦãǵɽΨһŮӣʦΪĲˣ
ǰʮʦͳһڰɣʦֿΪĲˣ𹼸˶ʦֵĺ⡣
ԶԶԣʮʦ㳢ʦֵĳտɾտء
һͼӴףһĿŶˣĬĬСӼ
һʦΡ
ߵ֮޷ܾԶʦֵԴʦַڴ飬Ҳֻ֮Ӽ治֪ʲôʳĵĶ
ǣһֲ֪ôݵζ
ʳڵһ̣ǧֱ仯ͬһʱŷڴ֮С
̣ܸܵİ̬
ʳʳθУ·𿴵ơ
һֳѵĸоһһһĸо
ζӣµĴ̼ζ٣ûо׽ǻζͷ
ôǲǺܺóԡ
ߣԾǶʦֵᡣ
ĻеĿӣŵɫǣһĨѤõЦ⡣
ŶʦֵĳЩһҲһ㣬һ㡣ʦ֣߰˾ʮʮһʦ֣Ƕһ㡣
һһӸ˼Ųˣ˿Լкںһδ֪Ҫġ
ŰôûԵʦķǲǺӣԳԳԡ
ǧڷߣЦеĿˣûһ˶ӡ
ôأ
Ǹʲôǲ̫
̫ʲô˼
Ӱţǧ˫ֽһϣϵ֮˲ʧߵķԸоǧһһƵġ
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ǧҿ˵ڶ仰ʦַһ£ֻԭʮֿܵһӶ꣬һ״
һ߳Իһ˵Ųжôζ
ôأ
ĵ˲δòͣǧתͷ˫дΣա
Ȼ֪ΪΣĸоõʱ˿ǲԷĻ롣
ʦҲ֪˼ŮôŮӳԵ٣˼ټʣȺͿˣúúȣ
һڣЩ³ɻǿŽһȥ
꣬ɶӶ
ȷĻüʵĽںŪȥ˿ɾûôˡ
һԳԼ޵ѩƺҲòڴʦֺͶʦֵ֮£һС
ɽһˣЩҪѩƺ
飡
һ죬ѩƺڵϻ˹ȥ
˺ῴӢµˣĬĬΪʮһʦƽ
һٷǳˣװȥѩƺȿֺͻžӣһصžӣѩƺ˫ۣд
Ҷһȥɽ¿ûʲôܳԵģץ㲹һ
ģ
ǧ㼯Ķ֮УѩƺеĸжѾ޷
վžӵ۰Ͱ͵ĿŷģһؽּûԷ
ʮʦãǵķݶɣԺʦֵΨհ
Ϊ˳ԲҪߣΪֻˡʦ÷ȻҪĥǾϵĥһ˰ˣοʦֵƢ

456 ֮

һ˿Ŀ۰Ͱ͵Ŀŷġ
ҹɫһȽȽ𷢳žȼž֮⡣
ŵĿ˶Ĳ׷졣
ڣһͷ¹֮ʱѾβסʳȥһͺǼҰǡ
ʶ壬㣬ŽʳŽܣ
˵˷ʱ䣬ֱһͷ¹˷ʳһɶ顣
ʵʦǸˡ
ʵݶʦǧң˫ӳɫ˵ɽ֮Щֲʹӡ
ôһ˵ҲһЩǧҵ顣
ǧһӵ˫Ըˣһ˸һǱ˸񣬾ͺ񵱳ɽ˵ŮҶһ
ֻҶ˸ϱ˸񣬶֮Եı仯򣬵ǧȫûκɵı任˸
ң任ɱ˸Ķʦ൱£ںֿµķأ
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ûʱʦֵɫжôĺڣҪǴʦס˳Щʦʦܶùˡ
̾һÿÿ뵽ʦּ֮ģһɺֱͷ뵽Ŀ⿴ģԵΪĽе
˵ǱĬĬ
ɽ汣ӣӷģϾǧʱɽųôһŮӡ
ӱӣ
𽥽ϨҲ׷ɢȥ
գһѵõĴ졣
ӽ쿪ʼŵɽŵӶҪԵʦֿʼϰ
ÿһ˵Ľڷвͬ
º˶ϣһˣⶼСһʱʱˣʦֺʮһʦܻҪĶô
һ糿ʼѩƺ˱㿪ʼ˶
һ˵һҲ˵
ʦԹˣѩƺˣҲ֪ʦôֶȤζġ
ʦֺʮһʦҪʲôʱ򡣡
쵹ǲĴʦ֣ϰʦѾֿȣѩƺͬϾ̨ôȥĻᶳëġ
ȥ˻Ҫһʱ䡣
ȶҲϳκα飬ֹһ֮ʵĵ뿪¡
Լ˱ǰʦڵ¸ȥ˭֪ǰ¸ʱûзĺͶʦֵӰӡ
Ҳ¸󣬿˵˹
뿴ˣʦһ糿ʹʮʦɽˣӦȥɽµسˡ
Ŷɶ˵ʦȥˣ
һʦִŷȥˣϵıǽһȡ
ʱ䶼ϰ߳ԷķˣǿһϵĶӣһΪ˶ʦδ֪һǳԷĿ¹ŵˡ
һԺÿ춼ҪԶʦ÷ˣԭ¸߰ɫ˲ʧӰ١
ѣǰ
ȴûа취㡣

֮֮ɡ
ڣһʦֵÿÿǧķˣϵı͸ʺһܣ߱ȳʺѿ
ȻЩģǳʺû֮ǣҲ֪ʦǰϺһַʲôڰϵ
ҾãбҪöʦ֪һʲôʳˡ
ͬ⡣
Ҳͬ⡣
ȫͬ
Ļʦֵǵһֱͬ⣬ĸ˷ܵȻûгԹķˣǶʦֵĲûʣǺҲ˷С
һߣ峿һ磬ı㱻ʦ뿪˵ɽ
һ˱һ¨ɽµسȥ
ڵɽԶһسǣسȻ󣬵ӦоС
سǼСһǧң׷װ΢кԼʳװǧұŵı¨С
Ǯ
㻹˵ʲôǮҪǵɽǣǻôӡЩⶼ⡣
ǣȥϺˣϺǿǺõطʳ£ǲѧʲô²ˡ
̷ƺϲǧңԼеʳжֻ֪һԵǧұŵı¨С
ǧұǮκ̷ǲǮҲֻôк뿪˼С
ۿŴ糿磬ϵı¨ȫǺöһǮûлɼɽسǵжôĸС
Ҳһ顣ҲΪȺ˵ͣǧҴڰĲ֮硣

457 а

ǧʦôλСֵѲɾǵɽյŵӣ
ƹݵС翴һ۷ģ˫ѪɫӣȻЩˡ
ԣλǵɽʮλӡ
ǧһ仰Сߴ˻
ССʦ
ۿС缴¹񣬷æסСľٶ
ˣֻǵɽոŵĵӣСˡ
ʦǿˣλʦǵǵңӦܵġ
˵ţСһϥأԼԵɽ𾴡
ıһֹСľٶȴǧʳָѹס
ǵɽĵӣӦˣԺҲٲˣϰ߱ɡ
С֮󣬱˴˿ǧҺͷĵĿ͸֮⡣
û뵽ɽĵλȻ˳ߣҲǵһα˳ƺΪʦָоЩ΢ˬ졣
ʱ֮С棬
˿棬СһɫλʦƷ
ڷڷĺǧҵǰСȥƮɢ
԰ɣ˿ɾͲóˡ
лʦ֡
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ͷˬ̶ȣЩ¥˿ѷɫ
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ʦ˵ʦֵ˫Ըһ湫ӣһǱ˸Եǧһ棬ϣʲôźá
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֮󣬶Ҳ׼صɽı¨ѾѻɽʽʳһӦȫ
ǧʦҪصɽô
ʱһ߽ǧҺͷ΢΢ϥҽһõֽϡ
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ǧҴϲùֽһö龧ϡ
Ҫ֪һö龧ļ۸൱ƽ𣬷ĵǺ棬ʲôĲ˰
ϲʵһһö龧˼˵Ľתȥ
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ȶ˵˵ɽʱѾˡ
ɽǰǧƺʲô飬еĶֽиģ÷Ĵ͵С
ͷʮʦˣʦָոЩûа꣬鷳ʮʦýҶ͵
á
ֽһ֣ǧҵӰʧǰһһӰ١
Ȼ֪ǧʲô飬ϵıƺܽ
˿еֽҲֻֽǰ
֪ʱѩ
¹ⱭһƲڵסˣһƬƬѩƮɢ
˫ŲѩϷ֨֨ǰе·нӡ
ʱһӰĽӽģ˫ҪЩʲôҹߵķҲϢĴڣͣ½Ų֪ܡ
ںҹĺӰһһ㿿ۿźӰһ˫ּץסģǧһ֮ʣһɫӰһӵ뻳С
ҹžӴţĪΪʦˡ
ůϢͻȻڻеķĺһľ롣
ʦĻǴʦͶġ
裿
˵ĿڷĵϣȻһֽɢŶ¡
Ȼˣȱůůٻذɡ
˿һ۷ģеԾܾҲֻý
ķ͸ҹγĶԱȡ
輸ǰİţǰ续еһĻ
ò˵˳úǿǾ֮ϵҲƥУϳ׵һ־η֮ġ
ǣһĻô¡
ΪͻȻֱס
ΪʦɽеаŻ˵ľٶ
ƺ˷룬˵ⷢһĻΪλὫıڻС
аɽҲаô
ôһ˵ҲûʲôˣһָС
ɽʲôطȻа
Ȼˣ֮±а
˵صȻĽΪεɽҲа
ããֻ˵ĴڣϷɵܵ¹ˮεȻ顣飬顣

458 ̳

ΪĴĵɽñأ֮֮ء
ɽնɱаѹڴˣѹаڷıа֮һԲŻⷢһĻ
ԭˡ
ֲܾʲôԼ
Ķ豭Ƿһڶ裬ζѰĲҶֶͬصķҷ
ģȷҪμ֮֮ô
˸Լһ裬޳ָĦŲ豭һ˫кʲôû˵ڣѯʷǷҪμ֮֮
ĵĻشȻǿ϶ģ֮֮ΪɱھǼһҪǰԪ磬ڤȥǸˡ
ŷǺ֮еɫε̾һǸֳһĨЦ⣬Цֻ̫̫Ǵʱķĸеĺ塣
ҲգȻμ֮ӽ쿪ʼǧҺúϰ°ɡ
ǣʦĸˡ
뿪ǰžӣⲻ֪˵ĿһֱڷĵıӰ֮ϣеĳЦŨңҲһԳ֮⡣
վû𡣡
΢̾ϢʾĵΣѾʧԾǿǵʧıӰþ޷ƿ
ʱڷ뿪󲻾ãһų֡
ʦīдš
š
Ӧţ˽ӹź𿪣ֽϵıʼǽīдֽϵҲ΢΢üͷ
ա
һı㱻ǧҽˣʳǧҺĵ׼˵͡
޷ݵ״ҪǷۿʳԭòȻ³ڳԵʳǼ⡣
ֻǿŴ͵ֻװֵĸˣȻӡ
ʦָҵļҪѩˣʦһҪЩӲǡ
ǰϷһЩ֪ĲȣԼһֻװν룬ڵĶŴҵĸ
ɢζļ˷׷üͷ
԰ɣ
԰ɣǻ
ѡ⣬һⰡ
ڱٹȣǳԡ
˵Ǵʦַһ覵óɹԼ

Ǵʦ֣ҵɶô˵
ǿϧˣȻʦֱٹȵĻЩʦʦǳ԰ɡ
ǸʲôʦҲڱٹȡ
ԶԶԣҺʦһٹȡ
Ҳǡ
һʱ䣬ʳõ˶ԼٹΪɾܾʳǧ緹
һ˲䣬һɲ֪δðĺʳڣĻصÿһ˵ߣ˵ÿһë׶硣
ǧϵЦ⣬Ҳºͱɭ
ô֪ڱٹء
ķһ飬ʦֲ˵ʱ򶼻͵˸ɱ͵˸񣬹Ȼ˷Ӧļһ죬ǧһȭͷ˸
ϵķҲΪ𾢵
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ԣǲԣҸѡĻᡣ
ԣ԰ʦ÷ǿζ˭˭ӡ
統ˣſӼŲ˷棬ŲڣŤıɼɻҪװζһ㣬һ߳һţһŷĵˮ
ʦʦǳԳԳԣ˷˶ʦֵ⡣
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ϵı飬Щ⡣
ʦķôѳԣΪɶͶʦ˵
ʶղõˣʶǵΣѴ׵ɽ͵ȵȵĳä
ǧ׵ĳäǵһμ
ҪǽڳǧҶʦִ֣һҲ˵ˡ
һɽ۽Ҳֻǧһ˿Ե־ˡ
úõһֻź򵥵ķӾгƬˮ죬Ȼϱɡ
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ŶʦֵĻɽһʦֵϰ̫࣬ӦöಹһӣǺͼЩӰ˵Ķ󲹡һĻʱĶˣæҲ޴ˣиǾŵɽһСڶʦֵĴݲ»죬ǿ

459 ʦ

µĻ˵ʦ־ȹǣͳһҲÿھܾʲô
οôˣһʲôⲻзôƽʱܹѾˣʲô
˵ţѸոտйĹͷֿһ飬ġ
ҹɫɽС
ڴ޷԰Ρ
Уֻһվãã߹½֮ϣվԶһ㣬һС
ʱ߹½Ѿ뿪֮ʱľһƬĿ꣬һƬԫ棬ſ޺֮Ǿ顣
΢üһ˫ѪɫӿǲҾ徵ľ󣬷Ĳ֪ǰһΪλͻȻ㡣
ʱһϤӰǰޱ޼ʵĻ֮Уĵ˵Ӱ̤Σա
ġ
ҪǰֹȴԼ޷ͻһ㿴ϣֻĿŹĺ⹫˱ɣֱҽ
ΣһжΡ
һһĸԼһвξѣξԲʵ
Ȼ䣬صתǰһƬ𺣵ľ˰ɫĻ硣
ɫĻƯţһ˼ɾԴľ뷽ŵĵ֮ȫͬ
ǻһӡڷĵԺС
һƬƮڷĵƼ䣬ֻǰɫĻ꣬ȴʮ֡
˻
ʲô
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ɫĻ˲˺ɫѪѪģǴѪ̳һ㣬ˡ
мŻѪζ
ǰһлǸɾһһԴʵȴˡ
һǰҪͲףո̤һȥϵ׹š
֪Σ֪һжеľ󣬵˵ʵĺƷһ
⾿
ξеķĲϵ׹ţ֪˶ãգ֮䣬ֻǹ˰ꡣ
һ˿ڷĵǰ֮ʱĻ˫ۣǰȴ˵ˡ
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ڴϵķĳȥʦ糤³һ
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ǧǲ֪Լҽʦҩ֭վĳɷֲ纮ķӣ֮мζҩǽ綾ҩݡ
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Ȼʲô飬ôȫ벻ˣ
ŬĻŵϷ飬ȴһƬհס
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˵ǧչ˵Ǳ
Уξеһоʲô˼ֻǼ򵥵ξô˵Ԥס
һʱ䣬Ķžǧ·ģĽŹڵɽ顣
ʦ֡˵˵ʦֵɡ
ǰʱʦἰʦֵʱ򣬻˼ɣҲ÷Ķδֹʦһ˿˿ĺ֮С
ŷʦ֣ǧҵĿһ
ʮʦôͻȻ֪ʦܵ顣
ǧŷΪҪ֪ʦܵ飬һ˫ϸ۾ŷģƬ֮Ц
ˣΪɽĵӣҪ֪ʦܵĴڡ
ǧҵĻиΣʦֵĴڶԵɽ˵һĥȥʹ
ʵʦһֱڵɽֻΪһЩԭʦһֱѺڽء
Ѻڽأ
ɽĵѰ˵ֵ֮鷢ġ
ȴǧҿɽӱѺڽأΪԭ
ԣʦһдʦͬһΪɽŵӣ룬תۼôȥˡһĨЦ⸡ڴǣֻζֿɬЦиǰûڡ

460 ħ

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Ϊ̳ˣĸʢĸ˵ɽʦѧգȻڵΪɽӣǧҳΪµӡ
иԵԸ񣬴ʦΪ˪ʵĺ飬ֻԽӽ
ʦϰĥƽ˰ҲòˣǶĺݡ
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վֵᷢģѡ
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ͱɽ˲ˣֻû뵽ĻڽīĽɽҰΪʦ
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461 ѵϱ̳

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ҹɫأһԲ¸ʡ
ֻӰ˲뿪˵ɽɽµسǽҹɫڻԷĺѩƺΪ׵ͻСֶڵִسǣسǵľ¥档

462 쾭

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ݵһһӰʧҹɫ֮УһջС
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463 ֮һ

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ڰУɽĿĿһԽԵϣֻ֣һƺݺݵػϵţϱһƴЩʹȥвѪ
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СʮΪʦһΣҪ̤ô
˵Ŀ⿴ŷģ˫еļᶨ֮ʱѾе뷨Ȼ׼̤磬֮Ϊʦչ㷨ţ;Ҫ˳³ֻ֮һ֡

464 ʲôı

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ΪɽǰɽĵΧϲҪľʲô
ȻɽͶɽ֮ҲҪ֮֮кúõһˡ
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ļչԴڹڵɽˣһϲҳǧȻΪĸе˵ģŵȴһ
ƾʲôߺŵľܱʦԴڹȴܡ
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⣬Ǳ֮ǰƽ
붫ɽ֮ٿһµʱ䣬ǰԱ׷ӿ붫ǣȻ϶һϲЦտףǵȵ֮ʼѪɱϳĿ⡣
ţߵһʯϣʯСвϵɻƣɻдǵԸ
ϸȥԼԼĿɻµԸ
λǲ
ʱһӷĵ쳣ŮʮԵɳơ
ĲδֻרעĿһյյˮƮĺɻơ
λǲ
վڷ˼ûԼһεظԼĻɵǰһҪһЩȥġ
ǰһʱ򣬷׼Ҫȥȴһץס
ͻɹȷȷʵʵξʱεŮӡ
ˣͣ˽Ų
׷תĶƯһ˫ѪɫӿץסԼֱ۵˫֣ü΢
֡
֣䣬̧ͷץסԼֱ۵ӡ
һǳɫĳ˵ĳÿֲ˾޵Ŀ֮һӲѰζ
зĲδ֮һ˿˿ɻ
˼ıĿ⣬һοΪԼΪǸλ³çˣֻǹŮӼΪ񣬼Ҫߣһʱ鼱顣

470 ټī

ӽԼΪȴǽץסĲδ֡
վԼǰһͷ׷ºɫ˫Ůӣڿʯ¿һ̾Ѿסˡ
뿴һ°׷ŮӾ˭ΪκԼеŮôơ
СͬһΣξбһ°׷Ůվǰʯ֮ϣǹ¶ǿġ
ΪһжǸΣһʵʵĳǰ
Ǹ˭ٲſצӣӾ͸ɧˡ
ȷĿ˵ʲôһʮֵϤˬ͸Ƿļ⡣
ʱʱ䣬û뵽ǻ
ιιι˵ģҪĸɶץŲţŲűһ㡣
˲Ǳˣ޼ɽŽī
һɫĵۣȥɷǣ˵Ļȴʮ˲ˬ
ֻǿĵүǰһڰ°׷Ůԣһ֣ƿץסŮӲŵˡ
㣬ŮˣûϷ
īͦŭŶܣ˵ǰڷǰ֪ĻΪе
ʵϲˡ
ԾɲģŪǰŮ˾˭ΪʲôСһһεĳԼС
¶ܣʹ﷼
ʲôﲻģˣٸѾмˣӶˡ
һβȷĿڣīıһݡ
Ҳûʲô̫Ĳ
ŴʮͶʮһ͵ĶʮźܴĲģοϸýȢȢŵӣǵʱһЩ飬˲Ҳû顣
˵ĵԾԼɩӡ

˵ҲɺϣҪǽеĳɢҲȺһ۾Ϳ˷ġ
˵ˣ°׷ķʮֵۣҪעҲѣ˭뵽Ů˾վﶼзϸľֽһǿŵ֡
ž
վڽīķһ̧֣ݺݵһƴĺף۵Ľī졣
Բۣûе㹫ģڰ㵲һ㻹𱨡
겻Ůôô
ʲôʱģ
ûãɶʱ򵽵ģô˵һҾס¥
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վ˵䣬ҸطһߺȾһġ
īŷĸϿ뿪Ƿ֮أ¶һվԭؿŽʧеˣһϮ°׷Ůӡ
㾿˭
ŽԶȥķģܰ˫ȭһ˫īɫдʣǰ׷ȥʱȴߵ
үȻȥˡ
֪ˣ
ʮҪŪԼеŮ˾Ǻˣܻת෴ȥ
һԤУԼǸŮһһģһģ
һߣһѰС¥Уһ߷ֱŷĺͽī
ʱʱ䲻һμ˶Եı仯
īžƱ̵ĺһСƣ´ŷģͷ
ϱ̳ذ̵ĲȻоϵϢѰ
ÿһ˵Լصķţī֪ôڷģǰķģʱ˵ķ˺ܴĽжôĴ󣬾īҲ׵½ۡ
ĲƣŲ豭ǳһǰĽīǸֳһĨѵЦݡ
ʱ㻹ôǷᡣ
һʹҳɲɡ
ī˷һۣҲ˳
ˣǶˡ
ǣָȻ߹ˡ
ÿÿ뵽˵ʱ򣬷ô
ԼѾ̤˵һлͷĵ
Ƕðɡ
ðһҵϣΪδȢҵһŮӣŮơ
ī˵Źĺݵ˵״˶߹֮ӣϧ˶˷ġ
ԶڶҲ֪ʲôʱܷеִ
Ȼ˵ѹ˻飬ŮһǷĵƷ
˵ˣЩںԼŮӰѧԱǽһˮ𣬶ˣ⹫ϹЩ˼ֱǡţˣ
˰죬īǾţһˡ
Ҫ֪߹½ѾΪ޿ɸƵĴ棬ټÿһ˵ݣǳΪ߹еż񣬾ͲǸ
Žī˵Լ⹫ͺеһЩ¼ЦĸŨѾ֪жû㿪Цˣ˰õϢ֪ˣ֪ˡ

471 һΪʦ

ǧأǧΣ
ѯŽİݷǧڵ״ΣӳΪĿʼľͲְ
ڣ˵ܵһ߹½Լ˶
Ҫ˵ǧԣСǡţƴˣ
һţƴݷǧԣһΪīĴһҲʵҲΪ̵Ĵݷǧԡ
֪ôֱܼܵǸţ뿪߹½֮󣬷ǧԱŹǰ޼ɽ֮޼ɽϰ
Ҳ֪ǲǷҵʶߣǧСڶ̶̵ʱ٣Ҫۿ˷ǧԳɳٶȣԲСӵʾȻߵֲľء
ԭأǴųСһ֮ģһ룬ĴŷǧˣСӵٸߣվǳé®˵бضγĸ
ԣīûдŷǧμ֮СҲ֪Լʵ㣬ĻΪĵ׸
ǾͰĵ޼ɽϰȵһʵʱٴγ֡
ĺͽī߹½飬Ųôľ˵ˡ
˶˵۴δйͳһ
ϱ̳û㶯ֶŰɡ
īӷĵıпһϱ̳ػǶԷºˡ
ްѾ˺ܶˡ
ںԼЦδĶʲôа
ǣÿȫʱͣľսīĻ˵Ҫϱ̳أȻʬ𼣣ҡ
Ҹ㰡ЩģЩǧܱˣϱ̳ĺޣһӻˮ
ͬУҪȻôɽһȺڵ
Ҳõʦֶʦʦڽɽ֮ǰһҴӣѬ֮£һøˣڸڵĵ·ԽԽԶһȥͷ
ȫͬ˵Ȼס¥Ҳȥɡ
һʼ֪ס¥ˣ֪齵ľ¥бҪɩӣԷϱ̳ضԷ֡
Ҳû˵ʲôĿǰ״˵ڶɽܿᱻ֪ʱᷢʲô˭²
īô޼ɽţٻЩģȥҪ鷳
˳ҹ֮󣬽īֱŷǰ¥
յ¥ʱԶԶر㿴ſһӰŷķɱ
СģȥˣΪʦ㣡
ɫ֮£ǰӰɣǧ˿ҫɫĹ󣬿˿žĿ
ɲ˽סģһӰڷǰסƵȥ·
ϣϱ̳أþòˡ
Ҫıڻеһ˾ȻǽīϵЦһӾ
ôˡ
ȻμӶɽٰ֮Ѳɻεô
īЦĿˣȻһЦ⣬д
ƱԼĻҪϾ࣬Էº֣ڳԺڽĳˡ
ģȥϢˡ
ˣЩ˵ķת˾¥ĿջУֻ½ī˻ŶԷ
īƣҲīһ΢紵˵ī
ԶԶؿȥ˶Ǽ信ӣֻվƻһ㡣
ۣ㿴ӣĺ˧Ŷ
ǰĺ˧Ϊɶ࿴ŶԷѲˣ
ôˣôǶҲֵˡ
һԵ˷׷״Ŷ˵ĹϵʱӰһѾ¥ǰ¥߳½¥ķϡ
ƣֻڷģδֵ顣
īƵĿмֲƣΡ
ֵ飿δСֵ顣˵īСñӦöʲô
һ仰˵ЩƣеЦѾɢ˵ᣬ¶ȾȻʧȫˡ
īôܲ۵׵ŭͬСɣ󣬹ϵ̫̫飬οĵѾ˸ı䡣
ǽİݵӣӦףתԾˣһӦñҸ
īԼбҪһ飬ЩǹǧҲҪע⡣
һΪʦΪǷĵʦ蹵Զ޷Խġ
ʦһݶѣкѡ
ǰкѣ
Զ޷ѵġ˵˵кѣΪοƾԼ

472 

ʱ䣬ʱ䱾𱾿Ըһеࡣ
վڷϣ˵Ŀ⿴Զҹգһ˫д˰⡣
һԵĽİݱ뿪˵ʲôЩ˻ȥ˱Ļ
Щվǲ˵ڵģһҸףľǷģһĵֻǽİݵӡ
Щ˵̫ףˣҲʱʲôҲ˵ʲôҲƾŷߣǰһж
ʹᣬɻǾ仰ǽİݵӣԶ޷ıġ
ī
ƽŽī֣ǵЦһʹ࣬ǻѹ̫̫õҪһй
յŵһ̣֪һҪľ壬ʱ棬Ц֣һһУÿһصǰ
жˣԼʱ䡣
ȻʱʧǵãʲôǵãһһȻļ
վߵĽī˵ǰ飬̾һ
ԭ˲ҲôͷǣϹϵ˶ܼ尾ҲΪˣҪŬѼÿһ˶»ɡ
һ˳ȻܸԤ˵ģǰһжصԭ㡣
ǰԱסˡ
̸֮е˼˲ԣȻ̸֪ʲô˼
һ飬𲻵ò˵һ¡
˾бҪ뽪ī˵һ˵Ͼϵ˷ģǰδֹġ
뱾ϰʱ棬һδ֪ĺڰһֱҪԨУ˯ˡ
ҲΪ˰ҹڷķеԭ
֪ΪΣҲ֪ʲôʱʼÿ˯ʱ򣬱һڷĵߣԲȷȷʵʵֹ
ʲô˼
īüͷڰһֱҪԨУ
ϵ˼
˵ڷϷЩ飬Ǻڰйɵĳ֣ÿԲ֮ҹǿ
˵Բ֮ҹԲ֮ҹô
뵽˴īƶһۣһŷĵķٶȥ
ʱķξ֮С
һƬ磬ǸϤξ
һƬƬ£ڷĵָС
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ˡ
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ǡ
ˣ
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ֻɫĻУһźɫһģһɫӰڷĵǰ
һ£ɫ֮ϤĿոڷУϸĵ΢΢гŵ޷ݵ硣
վԭûǰĵĿǵӰǸֳˮ
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ˣΪζޡ
ɫӰǰ޳ָ⻺ҪŷģգǱһ⡣
ǵӳڷĺеӰǽİݣɫϢĿš
ˣΪΪ򱧱㡣
İſ˫ۣʾǰվԭصķĿǵϤӰŲԾƶš
һ
أ֮ľֻʣ֮ң֮ңмһ㿴ǽֻҪĴԽǽͿӵİݡ
ڷļ̤һʱͣ˽Ų
ˣΪɺá
ͣ½ŲķľôŽİݣĿţǸֵЦôãҲͬ͸һ˿ɬζ
лл㡣
ллִӷĵĿлŽİݣʱķĲˣȥ
ΪΣѵ˲Ϊô
룬ÿÿҹ롣
ҪİݣҪǸǣˣҪؽڻУҪôʱԼ
룬Ǵʱ˿̵ô
ǰˣǽİݡ
ллɽİݵӣҿ
ǵӰԱĵĻһ£ܿһı顣
˵ʲôΪ
һεǽĽİʦͽ÷ǰ
Ϊ㣬˿
Ҳ㡣Ҳ뽪İݣǰ˲ǽİݣֻŽİݵӣȻ֪лûɽİݵӰ˭ֱܹȥ

473 Ϊʦ

ɫĻУһεǽŶˡ
ǽڵǷģǱǷ˼ҹĽİݡ
ϤףϤֱ治壬ƫƫ˫װûӰӡ
Žİݵӣȴǽİݡ
Ǻǣ
Ȼ䣬ӽİݵĿдһŮЦ˵ǽİݵӣʱѾȫһϢ
ģĻ㾿ǲİŽİݡ
ŮӵӽİģصڻУɭ͸ʮı֮⡣
뽪İһģһӣİѪɫķеĹâվôһ˿˿ʧ֮⡣
ʧ䣬Ϊ˲ǽİݡ
ˣȻǰ˲ǽİݣֻʲôС
ʲôˡ
ʲô㲻ùģǹĹԼΪá
ŮӵʼնǱģ·ܶһ㣬ҲᴳĵξС
Ѫɫӿˣŵüͷһݡ
ܴʱ˿ξʵȷԼδйκνӴ֮˵ǺԼ죬֪ԼһЩ顣
ģȰ㻹ǰֵַĺã֮ĵһȥʲôԪ磬ڵɽƺúõϰ
Ů˵𣬻ȻȰ˵ŷķǰԪͷ⻰ôô˲
ҵȥûκθϵУҵξС
ʵеķı㲻ϲңοС
Ȼ䣬Ƶķɽ˷ӿֶźɫٵķȥƵķɽ̴˵֮ʱȻһɢĻʲô˵Ӱӡ
ǺǣƾôΪҲǰڤˣҪ㾿ʲôȡ֮ĵһ
Ů˵һźɢ
һƬɫĻǽָֻվԭصķĿѾʧеӰһ˫֮µȭͷʲô
װɽİݵŮʲôͷΪԵ޹ʵĳԼУһо⻹⣡
ĲҲ˽⣬Ů˵ʲô޷赲μ֮ͷ
Ǿ仰ֻȡ֮һĳɼǰԪ磬ǰڤѰǸˡ
ķչԼķǰУΨһˣʵһ֮ǰľѾˣʱ棬ƾſ̿ϰȡ˰˵ĳɼ˭Ҳ֤μ֮ĸ־жôı̬ͻһҲ޷ƥе
֡
ĵǸزΨһ취ˣ
ȻһַǴ֮²ѡģһ˿˿ϣǰĶ֡
ʱξеķĻ˫ۣɫϣԼԼӰڷĵǰ
ǰī㿴ҿ㣬ȷϷϵĺ׵ʧ֮ʣŷġ
ûдÿԲ֮ҹŨʱźСĵߣֻҪһעͻСħ֮С
ãеֿħϵջûбڰ֮С
Ƴ³һվһԵĽīˡ
˵ĻΪǸͷβı̬ϾǷĵʦһԼͽܵĻ쵰
ڿһɺڰҪ÷Ķħ
Ķڰ֮Уһеĺ롣
īһƣԭҪ˵ڵĻ˻ȥ
ƵΪǿһ̶ȣֻܽУԼ˵ʲôҲġ
̸֮ʱһԽŨҵıϢڷУŶˡ
е䣿
īɵý˽ϵĵۣ죬ôоɭɭķ
ȥ
ߣ
׼뿪ʱ򣬷Ĳ֪ʱڶ˵󣬲ϸʮ֡ᡯЦ⣬ᵽʲô̶ȣīϵıҲܲһ
࣡
࡫
ƺͽī˷׷ſˮعųǰķģһЦڷĵϡ
СģˣҹôΪʦͲˡ
ҲǣŻЩû꣬иˡ
ۼ⣬ٴ׼뿪ʱĴѾĶסˣ޷ȥ
ҹһŮӵķ棬ү˵˵ɡ
Ѿγ˳𵶣Ѫɫĳɫſ⣬Ķ˱Ƿ
ǸǸʲôΣգŲģѾĿ˵װ밤ôīһĴߴƸϽ˵ĽһǺڰϢ飬ҪȻ˶ᱻʹһ٣ɲոռľͱ

474 ̺

Сȷг𵶣Ϊʦ͡
Բۣ͸ƨˣܲܿ˵
īƣܲȺ߶߶ĥĥӣԼʦһɶ²һ仰ףҪŷŮ˳ô
ðҾ͸ǽ͵Ļᡣ
ųһԣŶȵ˽ΪλҹԼķ֮С
˼ĸǽ͵Ļᣬ׷³һ
˵ŹڷϺ顣
ĿʼԴ֮ǰǸո뿪ɽϰǶʱ䡣
ʱƻΪϵĺԴĵħʱƣǺԽŨأҲһ顣
ÿԲ֮ҹΪŨҵʱ򣬷ϵĺḡ֡
ǳڷĵģ磬ԣÿԲ֮ʱڷĵߣҪǺʲô
Ҳ޷һֻĸоһ˵ĴڣӰʶӦڵɽ֮ʱҲֹ
˵ŶԼϺ飬üͷɵе֣ԼŮ˵һ
ʦ˼˵ÿԲ֮ҹʱߵĺͻŨ硣
ԡ
Ƶͷֻжϳĳʱȴ׷Դ
ģǲʲôˣ
ڷʵ˵пǳЩɾĶټϱ˳ʲôĶҲǲܵġ
ī˵Ŀԣȴҡҡͷ
ʵҸղһˡ
̧ͷһ˫Ѫɫӿˣͽīƶ˵з顣
ŷĽξеīƵɫ
˵Ůʶʶ㣿
ԣһָоȻ˵Щз飬Ůƺʶңҡ
Ժ󻹻ᷢһЩ飬һЩԤϲ顣
Ů˭Ϊʲô˵һĸǲ⡣
Բ֮ҹ˵һգһʱûд𰸣޼ɽŽīǵɽˡ
գʣƵոɾͬˮϴһտá
һ糿ľͱīǰ̺ȥй䣬ԭһȥǵĺɢɢģƫƫ·ɱī
ŽʧеӰ˫ֻзĵӰӡ
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һĨЦڴǣ̾һת˷䡣
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רŵҲĻҪôǼΣյޣҪôǼֵǵ䱦Ҫô˼δδŵĶ̺֮֮ˢ֪ۡ
ƣȻɽȺ˵ôϽĶǵڶǰ
īͶɽг˵Ȼ޶ǣȻʢһĳ̶ȣŻֵļһﶼ˸ߵۡ
̺飬ⶫǺⰡҲı
īһű̺ϸϸĹۿߣȻǺ⣬ȴǱ̺ƷҲϲļǮ
ģҵǮҪЩƳɵҩʱ㲹ӡ
ûǮ
İ˽īһǮô
ðɣԼǰǮϾڵɽʱѩԳѩƺһɽ龧
ǣʱ쵰ǰ˲龧ڻһ龧ۡ
ôСôһγߵļûǮȽҵǮҸ߶Ϣ
īŲŷûǮأƵǮһкööǮơ
СŮˣһӡ
ϢıϢ屶Ϣ
īһһεϢıǷԾɲΪ
ô᲻֪īǸʲôеˣȲ˵涼ɾ˵ƷǮ֮һû£ɵӡ
ī˵˵Ҳûܴӷпٳһ龧ֲܲҩģֻһһҧԼҩģ˻ʮֱӵĿ˷һۡ

һëεŮˣӲţĹ
īаѷֹ˸飬ҩݳŶ¥ȥ
̺һ¥һ͵Իг۵Ķ¥һƣڶ¥һԲε̨̨վŮӣŮźɫ߿泤ȹʮ㣬ջʮ㡣

475 İ

̨ŮȻʦŮһ߶ȹ֮µķһ࣬˴۸
ĺͽīһλСּۿǰ˵˲ˮ˹ӵСԡ
λãʲôҪܷԸСıǡ
СǸۼģԶԶر㿴ˣ˲ͬڱǰӵˣȻֻˣϵԸһȣһͲѰˡ
ɫ۵ĵүԽԽ죬ֱ뿪ĺһᣬСµ۵ĵү˭֮ţ޼ɽŽīô
ڽīԵŮŵɽ·Ұ°׷ûдĻɾǷıˡ
û뵽˵еķĳþȻɫ
СĻȻ֪ʱ˿̵һ߿ŹһߺŲˮһ߿Ůʦ߼۸߰ı
һƷһȣλӦ֪عĹӿǶ½ĿеŮһȱǱ
龧
龧
һǧ龧
һǧ龧
ļ۶Ǵ龧ʼҪ֪һöСС龧ֵĻƽ𣬸ο԰Ϊλ龧
һȣһӾǧ龧
ʵڲ̫һӾǧ龧ڲϵۿžʹǧ龧ļ۸ֱǧ龧Ȼһ龧
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ī˵Źڶᰵ飬巢ʲôֻǼ򵥵仰ˣǿŶᰵƷ
ڶô̱ڴϵģ޷ǾΪݺȵȵֶΡûпҵʱǸеүʱζʱ򶫷һ֮սٸ治ɫ

481 ϻƹˢ

ÿÿǸ棬īе˸ţһλصǰһĻ
ˣȥһ˶ҡ
Ҹһȥ㻹鷳ô
İ˽īһۣԼٳűһЩ鷳ӵȺ˷Ҫɡ
СģΪʦ㻹Ǻͽīȥһ˶ұȽ׵
ʱƿ˿ڣҪ뽪īȥһ˶塣
ΪΣ
Щ⣬ΪʲôʦҲͬԼǰ壿
֪ȻĴռŶĸλĴ֮⣬ҲСбԶΪ׵ļ塣
Ϊ֮ף㲻ɵ͹ټ̾붫ǣŶɽǿ
һҲֵע⣬евٶǶɽߣ˵ĳһֲϴŶɽ
ôһ˵ȥˡ
΢΢üͷǰʦ˵һиȥáȲ˵ɽͶɽ֮ĶԹԹ˵ݾ붫ɽĪĳޣټ֮߰˰˵飬ĳһֲϵͬڶɽǰң
뻢ô
СĿԲصġ
Եģ㲻õġ
ƺͽī˶ʾĲõ⣬ȻͶɽǧ˿ƵϵʵϣԴӶ֮󣬶֮ѾԵļ϶
οΪֱɽǰյ
˼˵̱ڴϺͶɽйϵ
ȻҲûĻ˵Ļ־ھǸ˸ӡ
ÿھī޲ð˵Ƥ
ɽȺյûһˣ黹û⼸ʱƷģãȻǾͳ֮úһ³ɺޡ
һһЩ飬ȷ϶ھְ㣬˵Ǽʶǿ
Ǿ仰ᰲ̱ڴϣĻ˻̸ھǸ̳ء
ãһǰ塣
ҲƵ뷨ԼŽīǰңĿһһ£Ϊһ
һκͷεĺöᰣôԼعǰҲõıӡ
ҶͶɽ֮ĹϵһŵˣɽҪõڵĳҲʱº֡
ɣǰլ
գǡ
أı㱻Ⱥ˸ˣһıҪôŭжôŭ
ʱܸıܶ飬˵ıʻ޷׸ıģñȷĵ
һĳеĳ𵶣һԾҪӴӷȥ¥Ⱥ˿
ǧһ֮ʽī˳֣һһס˷ģûѪ
úϢŭȺһʶϴһ£ǰҡ
ǿеѹŭĽ𵶷Ż˵С
뿪¥ʱ㶼ˣīͷֻô뿪ʮѸݵٶʧǰûбǰӵġ˿Ƕס
ڶǵĸΪ˱Ҫ鷳ĺͽīǰҡ
ҵյ˽īҪݷõϢɳҵĶҲζҵǰӭӡ
ͣ˶լǰīһĽ
һƮĵĳ³֮ʱǰӭӵĶסˡ
һϮ³۵Ķվԭأ㶵Ķŷġ
Ҳע⵽˶ܵĿ⣬ԽԽ졣
㲻ϵǸô
ԭˣֲþ죬ԭʯסȥ·Ǹӡ
¶ܼյΪ˹ϣ¡
عĶæǸ񣬱ʾͻŸ˲Ҫ鷳
ްǶӾʲô˰ˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĲδ⣬ܸܵõյĶв޶⣬ֻǵľʲô˰ˡ
л
ʲôﲻģ˸ˣʦС
յɽĹأǵⶼԱΪʦ
˵ˣһʶԷ˵ǲе̫ˣÿһηıùֳƺʱ򣬽īһϻƹˢװ۵ļӸС
Ƥһء
ãīţʦ롣
īͷڶܵ½˶լò˵Ǵ壬סլռؼλ󣬾װζǾܵݻݻ󲻵ĳ̶ȡ

482 ӹҽ

һ仰ݵĻֻ仰еı˷ĺͽīʱġ
ƶ
Ǯ
ĺͽī㿴ҿ㣬׷ױĺˡ
ģҪ͵ϱҪôϱҲУƭһǮô
Ųʮнࡣ
İһۺ޽ڲٵĽīڳһýī֪˵ĸôд
˻԰ƹһЩͶȴ۵Ļֺ뽨󣬽īĶ˶ҵĴʹ
ôǴʹǽǵ
ֽīͷû棬ǼңҲᱻֺǧ塣
һΣƶǵǵĸ
Ǯĺð
īīʦϲ衣
ʾŮϲ裬ʱŮǶȵĲ豭ߣҲ׷װڷ
Ѿ޷Լе𾪣ӿһ龧һǧ˵ˣһŶҸĺܡ
ܳһڣ֭Ӵݼ䲻ϵطԾڳζ٣ȻʺѪҺ鲼ȫĸо̫ˣ
˸ܵȴݳ޵ҸУһôɳҪ̰Ʒȥĸо
һڣ
īһһǧȥһһһ龧޲ðͷȥ
̻ʵĽīĵĳֱһ
һǧ¶ǣı㲻ڣһڲˮ̧֮붫ͶĿĿԡ
Ϊ㿴ңĪ붫ʶô
һ棬ûжʣ㲻˵Ҳܸоõеν⡣
ӹ׵̰һѰǧ꣬ҵ˵ֿ顣
Ȼֿõò׼ȷ
Ҳ¹Ц´С󶼻һΣеһϮ°׷Ĺվʯϣһ֮ʱĳһģһ
һһĸ֪ԼΪλǰ嶯еֿûһ˿һĻԡ
վһ棬ҲԼһС
ԭСĳŮӣʵз
ִڨķʽǲе̫ˡһԣѾһǧĽī˫ۿŶܣȻСû˵ѣôѲɾΪСһΣʲôѡѲҪ޸Ϊ
ķˣ
ǺǣЦ
÷Ů˶ĵֻϸ罪İݡ
ĿҲΪ˽İݡ
һô׼˲һŽ
Сӣ㻹̫ˣ
īɵĿŶܣŶܵĻ
ʱһֹεĶҳӶᰳڴʹУԱСкճ¥Ķ
īţ㡣
ʮֹɵǿεСģʮϲ
ᰣԭɢĽīϵĶᰣ˫ֱȭ
ϸ磬һˡ
ʱ䷢̫̫飬֤ϡ
εʱһ֪ߵغСүʱת˲ţǶᰣѾǰѪꡣ
ǰʱδСүΪ޼ɽš
ᰵɣͿ͸Ķ򣬶߼䣬ȴŶʵ޷ıΡ
һۣı㶮ö롣
ʱ䣬īΪ޼ɽţݺھΪ˶ɽһŵļ̳˲ѡʱ䡣
Ӧһ۳۳£֮޷ʩչ
ϸҡ
īЦţĿⲻԾڶᰲм˫ϡ
Ҳע⵽˽īĿ⣬νЦЦ
£ʱ࣬޷ǲ·ѣҲôܡ
磬ڡ
᰽Ŷ֣ܵǰȴֳָʾ
ʱڴҪ£ϯͰҵľ԰ɡ
ǣ磬ȥ׼
ܿһ۷ģת뿪˴ʹ
ĺͽīǰ԰һ·īͶ˵ŵ飬ʱѪ꣬龪첻µزµһʡ
вƣᰱӡ
ϸ磬ûҽʦܹ˫ô
ΪѰҽûһܹ˫ȵ缲ⱲҶҪϻӰˡ
Σ̾һϸ磬ŵùңһƣǴӹҽ

483 峤

īָŷģ˵Ǵӹҽ
Ȼж˼ֵ٩֮⣬ʵϣĵҽжôĸ߳īȻ˽⣬˵仰ҲΪ˻Щա
ҵĿĺܼ򵥣һδĶᰣڶ÷ҽζᰡ
κЧ嶼㾡ȫģ÷ڶܵκ˺ǶɽȺ˵Ҳˡ
īָŷĵʱϵĶ̧ͷĿҲŽīָķ򿴹ȥ
۹֮£һϮ°׷ŮЦЦвκʡ
᰿ŷĵͬʱҲͬŶᰡ
ӽīУٿԲдᰵΪˣһīԲһ
ʮŽī˵Ǿ仰֤ϣǽⶫ֮еš
ܸоһǿ󣬵ǱѹţݺݵѹţǿԽƽ⡣
֮УƽڸܶණڽԼҽܣǽҽ֮ΨһҲΪʲôܿѹŶڵĶ
ûʵӷ̤붫ҿᰵĵһ۾ѾˣĶ⣬Ѱ˸ûа취⿪ԵĶ
Ҳŷҽ
һĨòЦ⸡ڶᰵ֮ϣЦΪӭϽīЦŵǶĵĲΡţڸеʱһΪרǷĵҽ߳ëǶҽҲûзӽԣԽī˵ŵǾ
ôϣ
ǲôֱ˵˶еĲΣҲףǶڻԼ֮УһһҽʦԶڵĶʾ޽⣬öڿԼʱ򣬱ܵѡ
ɡ
ԼͽīҵĿģȻֻпŶԼһЩֱ֮ʼ
һ鷳ڿҲֻˣȺ˵׼ʲô飬жıӻĿ԰һʱ䡣
ԣᰵĲһҪΣҪΣһҪκá
ҲˣֻⲡʵֵúܣǶҽҲ޲ˡ
Լûκα˽ˡ
ôҽѾжԼڣǰһֱڣÿÿҹʹ尾ţΪͶ壬Ĳ֪Լܰʲôʱ
ǵĿЦԽŨţѾ֪̾˶ٴΣԾ룬û⵽Ļô䵽ز
ÿÿ뵽ˣеĺ鲼ΪŭĹϵȫµĶѪҺ࣬ҵʹ಻ϵţʹö᰺ݺݵҧصֵŶ֮ʱʹࡣ
ļ״ǰ͸طڶᰵϣһ͸붫ᰵ棬ֻԭŵüͷɻ
滺һЩĲδջ˫֡
мǲϵĵѪҺȫ࣬ܵʹǲġ
Ŀһ۶ᰣΪҽΡ
Ƭ֮ŷĻջ˫֣ĶɫҲĺת
ƣҾ˵ӹҽ鴫ɣҪҪƣ
ī˫ֶżһЦĿŶᰡ
ӽ붫һ̣īʮİգţԷĵҽȻڶҡ
ǶǻǶɽ֮һһжѣѾѵģǱӻĵ
ƶᰵĲ飬ܱ֮ʼǰһʱ䲻κֺߺֶΪء
㣬ҶĲ顣
ʱһص˶ߣгŵкޱر
δбжϳ˵ʵۺ񣬱ضΪĪ֮ˡ
Ѱعͷȥֻһɫ˼
˴ʮҵͣͲȴǲ˵˶ǲûĻ˱Ƕ峤
ҵ·ϣī˵һЩڶڵ
峤Ƕ½һ˵һţôеı̬
峤
ݳŶ񣬶ЩƨڣظԼղʳǾ仰
㵱ҶĲô
һοŷģеҪ֪𰸡Ҫ֪ԼǰŮ˾ܲҽκöᰡ

484 ˣŵ

ż߽ĶĶܵԴԴϱŷϢǱĵѹġ
Ƕ½ĸ֣ÿһѹвη֮⡣
еڻҪеģϾͽīǶҵĿˣ˵Ȼ١
ض峤ĻֻŽҼһѣ˶峤˵Ļʲô˼
һ˫ѪɫӺǵ޹ĿŶöһ㶣һԵĶЦ
Ůӣļթ
ӷķһĻľٶѾҵĿʲô
ҽԼĿģöҵұȫ
ϾĵӵгһʿĶûܵݺĻҲȥһӵгŮ˾ʲôӡ
ڣǼʶˡ
һĨЦ⣬ϵɢڴǣᰵĿ⿴ԼĸףȻһıѾٺͷװģȥˡ
СӣΪϷ֪ҵĿʲôشϷ⣬ǷκҶ
ǶŷģøĶЩ졣
ԼĸʲôΪˣһ鲻ظڶΣοһظͬ⣬ĺ⡣
һĻǲûпְֻѹڴλã㻺ϵʹ
Ҫ֪ÿ֮գ綼Ҫŷ˵ʹĥ񡭡
ҲָżѯŷģаƴòŻøһٶѯš
ûʱ˿̵ķҪﵽĿǶ붫ֵܶ롣
֮Ļǰһµʱ棬Ҫڶǻȥţҵıӻõġ
ǣõıӻҪõ׿ϡ
Ǻ˴ʱ˿̵һĻ
Ŷԭ峤ҶӵĲ飬Ϊ峤ҲڵĳҪôأˡ
һɵı飬Цʵһ١
Ůˣǹġ
᰿һ۽īһ֮˰ܶɽھŮˣȻ㡭㡭
һʱҲʵĴݷģҲҲʵĴֻͬһʱҪѿڶĴʻ̫ࡣ
ǰô
˵ļթ
ߣûǰӡ
īظһ֪׻˵úãɽ׸ıƣĻǷģ㾭ٶ飬޳ǲıġ
Ҹ˵ǰǿӺ˲ˣЩ˾Ҳ֪Լôġ
ī޲ýµ״Ͷһ˵κŮ˵飬Ҹ渵ɡ
ԣŷĲ֢
⻰ȻŽīɶᰵĻѾֵĺȷˡ
ϸ粻Ѿоô
ŷĲ©һ֣öҵĸˡ
ˣ½ҽѾ˶ᰵ̣֮Իţ޷ʱ⡣
һ죬᰻ĥ֮ȥ
ҵĸҲе⣬ҲԼϣڴʱ޾ĺڰ֮ͻȻһâҵô᲻ץסâ
ģâĴڡ
СӣϷˣŵʲôϷ򻹲ô
Ϊһ֮ӷһо׹ˣðβö屣ǡ
ߣ
Ŀ¶ŷģǰŮ˱ӵгĺʾѵߣССͱϰ㾳磬ο滹гǼʱһܳɴ
ֻСӵù˽ɣɽȺ˲һܶԸ˵ġ
СŮӲţȻȲҽƴڵĲء
ÿһÿһ仰Ļص˶ߣĿҲĲˣҲʱˣҪȻԶıƢ˵׼ʲô
СӣϷһĻҶⶫǰѶɽˣ峤Ҳܻǡ
һ仰Ѿȷĸ˷ҪĴ𰸣Ȼ˵⻰Щò˵Ƿ˶ɽţԶҲһᱣ֤Ļ뿪ǡ
ǣڵķĸǶɽŵĶ֣ǰɽ¿ջзһĻĻصԺСҲ÷һ飬ʲôʵϵĲࡣ

485 С޲ֱ

ȻʱϵϰҪڶ̶̵ʱʹﵽɽŵλãֱǳ˵Ρ
ҲԲˣоԵɺ;Եġ
˼صڣһ˫¶˶һĨЦŨҵֱüϵ޹Цݣôô˾ñŤ
ãȻ峤ôˬ죬˲˵֮ǰҶöվ
ۣ
һԸպһڲˮĽīûнʣ⻰ʱ򣬽Ĳˮȫ˳
ʲô⣿
ĸղ˵ʲô⣬۾˻ǶϹˣŮ˵ö֮Ļǰվ
Բۣ㿪Цذɡ
ȻŷĵҽҲŷľö᰻ָˣôҿºöڲһµʱվ
Ҫ֪ҽԶĲ֢޴롣һµڣûöվԶ峤Ƣһ÷ʬģ˵ڣԲöɳ飬ϾΪһ峤
ҲǲСġ
ιϹƱƣֻ֮вһµʱˡ
īĵŷıԼףһµʱգת˲ʧô
ãȻСô˵Ϸͱʱ䲻ܵκš
ɽ
Ƚīٴο˵ʲôĺͶѾΪԡ
Ҫ֮ĻǰҴӶҽκãվܣ롣
˽ףļ򵥵˼䶫Ӧ׼Ķͽī뿪˶լ
һ·ϣīŷġ
ǲɵǲɵһµʱ䣬Ҳҿºöһһµʱ濵
īѷĵԴš澿װʲô⡣
ôĴӦҪ֪ϼһﲻʵ½ԱƢ֮Ļǰûƺöᰡ
īƺѾԤ뵽˿µĺһһεŷġ
ϣ
һ߳ݺݵڽīϣЩ߷ɵĽīԹĿŷģһҧʶĵı顣
˻ص¥ʱǰһǰӵġ˿Ѿʧˣȷʵ˵ˡ
ѵõ徻صջеķ̱ϣպ˫֡
Ʒе飬ܵīһԹмֲ⡣
ôʦթʬˣ
ʦթʬء
ʱ˿̵ĽīšϷĵӣҲšԴ
治֪ʱƶ˷ʲô
㲻֪㱦ͽܶʲôȻ֮Ļǰƺöᰡ
īѾ֪ǵڼظԼ˵Ļһ·Ͼֹ߶ķķŵĺܡ
ƣǱƺԤϵһ㡣
ͽܣ͸ǡ
һȻɵϢ˵ǽһŷǵɽ½Ϊ̬ĸ֮һ
ǰһ仰һŷεһͱˡ
ĵ޳˫۴ڷĵļϡ
СĲʲôʦվߣС
ۿƵҪĵգʱһһץסƵļһĹˤ
ģ
С޲ֱ˲߾ûɶˡ
űԼˤڵϵƣԼʮЬӺݺݵزϡ
費ʱɵݣƼֱֱڸӰˡ
īҲһ۱һˤˤڵϵƣǰĻʾٵĲ죬Ѿȫˡ
˵а֮Ļǰƶ𣿡
īȻŷĵģһ·߶ǳڵġ
ϾϵĲ֢ĥʱ䣬½˲űҽߺ࣬ҽˡ
ԶȻļҽβһй֪Ĳ֢жôļ֡
붫Ϊˣ˵ǡ
İɣҼȻ˿ڣ㹻ȥҽζᰡ
ûнȻĿӦ£ʮκöᰡ
ðɣ
ѾΪ˶֣ݲٷʲô
󣬷鿴һЩҰʷ
ʱһ紵мһɵ
ӴƮɢĻӳɫƮڷĵǰԵҫ£һλеĳһ㣬ŻƮ㣬ֻһӰ߽

486 

޳ӰһӣŽɫĳĳƮݣһ˫ɫӷ·б̺һ㡣
ˣǰ档
һģ޳ָظŷĵգĵҲʲôԻһ㣬Ѫɫһ
ʱķվǰ߰һһĴ󴲡
欵ڴϣһһĽ⿪ϵ˶ؼޱı¶ڿУһɫĳ㡣
Ҷˮһա
Ȼʮ㣬ƺеĺרԻ˵ǣϹʱڽһȥ
ָ⣬һϷĵļ򣬰еЦʤȯա
˵жôѶԸСһЩӦԣ񻹲ǰݵĴ󳤿£Ҳ֪Լ¸ѣȻᱻѹեǸӡ
ǰһĻΪӵİеĳ֮˷ӿֶ
һҪ÷֪ʲôΪŮΪأʶʶԼ۷磬еõڵĳ
˵ɾ͸ɣоһ׼ѹ£úõƷһ
ڴ˿̣һѷѪɫĳ֪ʱλãֻҪһ֣ᱻѷâĺ쵶̴͸
㡭ûҵĻ
治Ŀŷģܵģ¼ûĸŮܹɫԻġ
Ѳɣ
ˣ
һ汻һУӴֱӱߵ˵¡
һʵЩպ
ϣŮְ
ڷŷӦļʱҪȻͱŮһž˺ˡ
ſ֮ΣյϢ׼ûȻ׷ΪûĻȻҪ
׻˵úãɽծûգֻҪţеǻõڵĳ
׼·Ļô
𰸣Ȼᡣ
һ𵶱ֱĲǰδüܵİ濴Žǰĺɫһſˮ
ѽʲôֻǺ㿪ЦѣôˣŮӲܶǹģѵջȥ
ڨЦţͷ亹
á
Ů̬ڴϵķפϥϣһ˫Ŀ׼ܵİ棬һ£ֻĳʮֶƹڷǰ
Ҫó
ûУ᱾
ҡԴ޲ðӶ˦
Ŷ
һβţЦŰ棬Ц˷ë
ҹҵķ䣬ӵ²һĽͣӦ֪
ǵЦŨң汳ĺҲɭ
ǰĽգСһμ濪ʼͶһ鰮ˣԣ
Լķһʮɡ籦ʯش˱ĵطѩһİ׷ɽʢĽѩÿһٶĽһ𣬱
㱻ˡ
һͨϹĻصڷڣȻ˷ĸΪв
ӵ£Թ̼ôǺˣǴҲóҪȻΣ
ÿ˵һ⿵ķ涼ԼһȣſһһƷԼ塣
˵ĹͷҲͳ˵̲
ɱ㣬ñȢ㣬ԣȢңӡ
亹һŮ˵ӿɲΪʳģһ㶼롣
Ǻʵʵĸ˷ԼĿġ
㸸ʣ
ԣҸʵ֪Ҷʶ㣬Ƹ񡣡
ʮֹɵ˫֣˫֮ɢĹâ
һźɫȻǺںеĺ飬ǿֲǺ飬ҪȺ黹ҪһЩ
ɫԱߵһŰɫӣںӳ£ɫʥޱȣвһ˿˿ƽ͡
ʲô
顣
һһʮĸ߷ӵ
Ҫɽٳ֮ʱʧܣ֮ʣеۣ顣
һһ׵ҲǰƸ
ֻʱ涯һС˼
֪ãȻҪԼΪƸǺû÷С
һ˹ϵǳģҲġ
뵽Ǹʱ˵һĲ˵ˬ
վǻ룬ᱻпʵơʱ˿̵İڵϣһίıСĿŷġ

487 ʦ

ĳǷû뵽ģˣҲʹҲõ
Źǰİ棬ĻһЦ
Сʱ֪һ˼ɵӻӣܳɳôҲΪ˰ĸĸһһʮ˵ԭίҲ֪Ŀġ
һж㸸ʵ˼
ԣǱʵ˼˵ҽ֮ĺһÿҸʸ׼Ƹ񡣡
Ծ˫е飬ò˵Ǻö
Ҿˡ
ɶô˵Ըͱɻϱ
žһһӣһǿˮ׼ȷ¸߰İ档
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ĿŰ棬֪ԴȱģҲ
ȻǰϵģһеıȻ峤ˡ
ӣù
УǱʸΪƸӭȢģȻ޸ңȻ㡣
滹ɵһĳ̶ȣ֪Ĳ޸Լ֮Լ̡
ô
ǵЦŨһ֣ĴӴÿһǻŷѹѹŰġ
ĻӣڷǰȴһҲûС
˵һ飬ΪǸ£ӻԴɶ罷ͷԼǣҸѡʱ䡣
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ΪԼСС̰û÷УȻһݱӡ
Ǹл˵ܲܺ˵һ¡
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֣ɴľܾ˰з̵ĻᣬԼԲðлġ
ǰһĻֻ⣬ڣҲⷢ
ҪôӣҪôԴ
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ԣڷĵߡ
˵׼Ϊ̰ɫ޷԰ΣȻͼ޸Լʱеⲻ⿪ô
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Ц˫ۣһλǰûķ
Ǿ仰ʵվǲпģɰͬѧͼҲҪһͼϵǸδ֪أΪǱǷġ
һһ죬汻˷䣬µֻ顣
㿪ţȢ㣬ȢˣȻϴ·Ǳúÿ
ģ㿪Űôȥġ
㿪Űˣ㳪Сòá
⣬Ǻϵػ¥Уڰӵݣ¥ϰûж֮鶯֮Ȱ˵뿪¥
գ뿪¥۰Ͱ͵ĿվڴԱߵķĺָ
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Ϊɶ
Ϊɶƻ
ԭ÷ļʶһ۷磬Ȼ󱨳֮ǰѪ֮𣬿ǡΪһжˡ
һβˮ۽ǵգӰʧҹ֮С
һСڣЩķڵǾһЩ
е飬ȷʵǺöʱ棬֪˺öڶ½ֵֹ飬ойһЩ顣
ڹľϸڣĵǲ⡣
̺ľ޴ȴ˶ҪõǶĪĴڡΪʲô˵ĪأΪɽٻʱо޴ˣ֮ǿģĳ޷ԣֻһܿ
õĶ
ԲۣǺöʦϼһ˵
֪ʱڷеĽī۰Ͱ͵Ŀŷһһ׵ӡ
Ȼ֪Ӿ飬֪飬ղӵҲӵ
ýīЩ벻ǣ峤ΪʲôԼĶ岻һϲ鷳ôΪʲôԼĶӽġ
⣬ʮֵĲ⡣
鲻⣬Ǻöĺö
ʦ಻޷ô
˭˵ʦˣʦǸ̬īĿһ۷ġ

488 

īĿⶢ飬Ȼ̰֮ɫΪʧԼ
ڵΪȻڶǰʮȴ޷ܵľ޴ô
ʧܵʱ۵ӣȻص
ȻǿģҲҪõģʷϾһЩ˵õ飬յ³ɶǱɣճΪһˣξ
ī˼лصʵҲе̰
ôҪ飬һš
еĺɫӸ˽ī˭֪īǽӵʲôֲĶæɫӻظġ
˰ɣҪôͰѺɫʦҪôԼðɣҿûи顣
ī֪֮ģ֪Լ̥޷ʵʵĽӻظġ
Ҫˣûˡ
Ŀһ۽īֽӷŻС
˵ʦҪã岻޷ô
԰ʦȻ̥洦ģɫͰɫ鲻ͬúʦĵศ
ī˵Źںɫƶ֮Ĺϵ
ô˵ɣܲƾʲôΪĴڣϾػŷĵˣض᷺֮ߡ
һ㽪īȴܸܵģǱƽյΪµûĻϱ̳һҪһˡ
ĻԵɺϣȻ÷ʱõ˺ڰ׵顣
ι㲻ðҽζᰰɡ
д⡣
΢΢üͷǵЦ֤˽ī˵Ļ
Ӱóڰһ̿ʼıע⣬׼ȷ˵ǰɫ顣
ɫΪڵĲ֢׼ȷ˵ڵĶаĴڡ
ǰҵʱ򣬶ڷָ֮ϣܵǹаϢǹǿû໥ƵĶѽӶᰵĸɾıñķӽڵĶڿ˺ڰ飬
춼վԼһߡ
ʮİôҪ֪һѰղãΣա
ס
ʮ㡣
գ˯û˵˯Ȼѵĸо̫Ҹˡ
뿪¥֮ǰȥƵķ䡣
Դ֮Ƶ˺ܶ࣬ƽҪôǿ齽ٿ϶ϴϵϷƻŮˡ
ʦ
ŷĽеʦ̧֣ͷڿĵʱиֳһĨ֮ɫһ˲͸Ŀ˭
һɲǵʱ䣬۵׵ɫָ
СҪȥô
ţ׼ᰳ׵׵һ²顣
˵ţĴóһźɫǰĲ輸ϡ
ţī˵ʺʦ
ô
ƵǳǳģĿ⿴źɫ飬ǵЦ⽥
֪Сʦˣʦ͵ɫС͵Ķ֮

ǰһ뻹ɵһˣĺһƿ߰ת뿪¥δһį֮ɫ
վڴǰƵĿһֱŷģӰȺ֮Уڵһʱҵ
Сͽܣ㾿ںʱΪʦ
һߣ뿪¥ķĶһǰңīһЩ˽˵Ҫȥʮ·ڴֵ
ĵﶫҵʱѾһʱ֮ˣܿһЩȴ;һҩͣһЩϵĲҩ
ҵĹܼڿĵһ̣̬ʮֹǰ
ʦ롣
ͷˡ
ĺͶҵĹܼҿһŹܼҽլۡ
ڶԷĵĳƺҵҲСС˼Ƭ֮Уղڼƺöһʦƺġ
֪ĵģƺΪĲʺϣƺΪ˵ĻҲʺϣѡѡȥǾʦν
Ͼɽĵܵš
һլۡԾԺǧĸݶҵĻֺݳޣݵʲô̶ȣֻԸܲһ
ʦ룬ӣүѾȺʱˡܼҴŷǰҵĺլլѾۼ˶ҪĳԱ

489 ұ֤

ĸϹܼҽլһ̣繬ķվˡ
ǻĹţһ߷׷ϣڹŶ԰ĺһʮ㡣
Ƿôͦÿģϧعˡ
Ϲ˵ҵСӣСС;͸ҺͶɽԿ
峤˵տĿľǸǹڷĺʹӵ飬ɶ飿
˭㡣
絶һĿһţ˵񲻺ƣֻǾôֱı˶ţһֵֺĸо
峤
׹齻ףӻҪģϾ֮ĻǰһʱҪš
ţãλϷ˵ķġ
һ÷ֱ飬ãȺ͵Ⱥˡ
λǰ
һһбȭѵԼ̬ǵòٳϲʵҪԭǷĺͶɽھ֮ĹϵΪŶᰱھݺɽȺϲҪĻھڶҺͶɽĹϵʵ򲢲Ǣټ
֮ɽôΪö϶
˵ھ˱񣬺ģ
ν˵ĵ˾ѣҵһЩ˻ҲǱŻԷġ
úúãηȻ˵ֵǰһֱûмˣһʦȻᣬȴ߳Ѱࡣ
յʾѵͽܣһ
˷׷׺ţҲЦϾһµʱҪЩǵչˣĲϲҪװһЦ
λǰޣЩ͸λֵһᣬܼλǰһе¡
ϹַΪڶû˸ϵһһϼһ¶Цݣ֪ԼЩá
ˣҪ״ʺжʱ䣬ϷҪ˵ֻһ飬ӽ쿪ʼ֮ʽĻǰʱ棬˸ҶģʦΪβ飬һ֣
һ仰Ҳ˽տּԭԷ飬ȻһЩû뵽ĿϽִӵĲ顣
طҲǲһΪβʱ䣬Ѱ󶫷ҵıӻ
Сӣ򵥰
ģĸ˸ӸҶһͷһ
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һĻķĶЩΪ֮жܸܵõ֮˵Žᡣ
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˷ҪƵϢ˵һҹû˯š
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ǰһ˫ס˷ĵϣССͱų˵ĳ죬ۡ
ģһôվģұ֤
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ˡ
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490 ˰

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Ǿ仰ڵĵطᰱ֤ᰲȻ
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ĿŷģһһֲףЩһʵ˲⡣
ϵ˼ڵĶһֹϵĶټѾѪ֮С
˵Źڶڶص飬ҲŲµҽΪλж̵ԭ
ڵĶǶһ
ܽ⣬ڽⶾ֮ǰһҪӴԽҩĴ߻֮£ҩҲɾ綾Ķҩ
֪Ⱥҽʦֻǽⶾ䣬Żᵼ¶ᰵĲ֢Ӿ硣
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Сүһ֮ô
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ȻǰǽīҲԷʱ
ʵϣīֵܣУһ˱ȵùʮ˸үǵı뺷˵ˣѿҲҷͱɱҡ֮С
ߣīһǲμ֮ĿҲܼ򵥣һΪ˰ɨҪϰŪھǷϱ̳ضԷʲô
˶ѣ
īе׷ܿģһ뷹˶ǡ
ͷλٸүһ뷹
ȥˣ
¿Žīܸо뿪֮Щʲô顣
ȥһ˵Ƕôˣʮİô
ûʮİգΪһᰲȻô
İһ۽īҵ㿪Цġ
ù緹֮󣬷ĺͽīڶᰶֵܵ뿪˶ң뿪֮ǰīüͷһ۶ܣתͷΪֳĶһЩ顣
ϸ磬ɩӣܵɩӣ˰ī£㿴ܵĿˢһºƱ˵һ㡣

491 ɵӻ

ڽī˵ܵĿʵ˲ϲ
ΪֿѣΪɩӣΪһֵܣôֱ׵ĿţʮֵĲˬ
ԣīԼбҪΪֳĶ˵
ܵɫĲ񻰣ҲҿŷģӾǱµһ㡣
ҵ˶֪˶ʲôˣ⺦ߵģǵһμ
ˣΪֳȻ˽ԼĵܵǸʲôƢˡ
ζĿһ۶ܣᰱʾԼһᴦġ
õĴ֮󣬽īźͷ뿪˶ҡ
ŽԶȥʧеķģܵԾǶϡ
磬ǵôСҺ˵Ǹô
СʱʼͻͬһΣξУһϮ°׷Ůվʯϣɫϣİȴôıˡ
βδʱƶɢ֮Խĳǰ
ÿһΣܶǰȥһǰ°׷Ůӣ˭ΪʲôҵУΪʲôôıˡ
ǵģһ޷ƵıԴԴϵĴϱŷϧҪڻУúõİοţظ粻һˣͬ۷ʲôһֱ
ߡ
ǣ˫۵ʱ򶫷ˣһвһΣ֮һжɢξѡ
ÿ˫۵һ̣һֿʧ⣬ʧȥҪĶһ㡣
ԭԭΪһԼĹΣֱϣԼǰʯ֮ϣɫ֮С
ܱΪһжǸΣλĳǰЩ벻
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ôͷߵ
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ӵµ۾ôʲô飿Ӷһ󲽣汣һİȫ룬ÿĺһĳͻǰһ

492 ĪҪ

Ҹ˵ˣҪȢ㣬Ҳûȥˡ
һ仰ɹ˵ע
ԭˣֲã
Ǿ˵֮һȣԭ׵ġ
Ҹʻ˵ˣѾ˱飬ǱϱˣһҪȥ
ǰ仰仰ĲŰȥžˡ
ŰͰ˵İ棬΢΢üͷһԿǡ
ڸʮֵȷĲãһ֡
㣬ߣͣô棬Ȼ˵ڶų˲鷳ǰȱ۵ʵ˷գǶҲֱӸԤ飬οϴֱµ
Լҵɵš
ģɶʱһȵģ
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īʵǺ棬潪İôεУǷ֮󣬷ĻǲΪ˶׼ǰԪȥڤˡ
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ľͿڰɫһž޴Ļ£ؿǰȻǰûʲô
ʱһɫӰۼɫŨҲԽŨҵĸڷĵ󣬶רעڿǰķƺܵ˲һϢתǺӰۼĵطģɫ۳һˣһɫĳһɫĳۣīɫĳƮţһ˫΢΢ĵУǶ԰˵˼ͳ磬˫ӳŷ
Ӱӡ
վųǰĽİݣҪȥǵӰȴǽֱڰûǰ
£ǰһоǻ룬ֻҪһежɢ
Ҳ£ǰĽİǱװɵģ֪Լ᲻һδεļǿȥɻҪװš
ˡ
ɳţŴԵȻİϤصڶߣصڷĵС
ѪɫӶ˫ۣһĨЦ⽥ڴǣЦŽİݣ˫еӳŵӰӡ
ҲŲˣĳˡ
һǰ͵İݣ˫ۺݺݵ§Žİݵ
Ϊʵĸоָ䲻УǵһУһ˳۽ǵ
㣬ǰĻ治ģ׼̰ɲᣬɲǱá
ܵŮӵĵİذĵ壬źɫ֮˫طȥ۽ǵۣ˫ĶͷĪҪΪһѰ㣬ʱض޷ֹһ𡣡

493 鲻

ܵͷı䣬һ޷ݵı˲Ϯ
ԭҪ˵ʲôķҲΪ鲼ȫĺ˲ѡ
͵أͷһ亹
ôеһΪʵ
ֲŶͷϵ亹ȵļͷȴǱҪ
ţһĨɬЦݸڴ֮ϡ
ȻǸΡ
ˣˣˣ
ҹɫıȥ˯ɴʱһֵļ¥Ƿ׷ͷȥס
ˣ˭ˣ
Ѱ˶ķȥֻ˵ʬڵϣ˾Ǳ࣬״жôˡ
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߲ԵĿȥǰ참ĹٲΪζ
ڼʬĹٲ̧ͷеɫؿһ˵ӣǱ˵ҲյôͱĶˡ
ٲǼһʬ壬½ʬ˻ȥ
ͻİ¥е۷׷ף˵Ŷ˵ݣ²ɱ˵־ʲôˡ
ҸղźһЩû뵽֮ʰȴ
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˺ɽĵӣ˵ɽϣХμ֮û뵽Ȼ˰;
Ҳ׷ϧʧ˵ɽХµĹŵӣҲǶź
˭뵽˾ôˣХ֪Լ˶ǣǲˡϾХǶǰĸ֣Ƣ൱ĹŹ֣ɽЩ˲ХһĽͣХ˵ƢȻֶɽ㶫ɽųҲ޷ƽ
¡
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Ͼһˣ˶Ǳȥ״ҿֲֺܾ֮ܿ䣬ܰ˯
δȥµĹٲҲðһڵĲڳ֤
ʱһٲǰ˷ĺͽī˵ǰ¿һۣеı뵭ȻȻ÷һˣĴ䡣
ԽԽ񣬷Խǰ˺пܾ䣬ԬĴӡ
ʲô֡
ٲô᲻֪ģһϮ׷ºڶǴˣԵı־ԶԶؿȥҲ֪ȺеŮӱǷġ
ٲйµŷĺͽī˵֣˻شŹٲ⡣
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ٲôʣҲʹɽʦֵʱһʱ֮ǰٲҪǵĲڳ֤
˭ܸ֤һʱ֮䲢ֳ
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ĲδٲĻɶ
ܽٲһЩûʲôô⣬ĺͽīű׼صԼķ䡣
ܸоɽʦֵܵ򵥡
īĿ΢΢ɫ˼֣˶Ǳģȥʮֵҡ
Ǿ仰˭Ҳ֪пܾߣˣɽֵ˴˺ƣҴδ˽ԹΪλԵ޹˶֡
⻹֮һ֮ɱ˻Ҫ˵ߣһۣĵַʮֵļˣȻ֣ûʹ֮ʱѪҺĽ
ֱ߽īɽֻ֮һˣȻнӶ
ˣ齻ٲȥɣǾμ֮ġ
һ²һ£ֻҪ鲻ϣǲеĲԵ顣
ա
¥ܿڶǴˣ˲෹Ļⶼǹ¥װ顣
ʱ򣬷ϴһɫĳ£Ժ󣬱㱳˫米ǰΪҽ˫ȡ
һ·ϣ¥飬еûģԴ컨׹ְ汾İӦ˶
ǰҵʱһס˷ġ
ϱ֪Ҫȥңˡ
һڷĵǰһһ˫ɫӿŷģЦıжôĲˡ
ϱϳǰһҪʱ֮á
˵ţҪŷ˫ּӴĵʱǰһתˤ˹ȥһΧĻҳ𣬱һǹˤˤڵϵİί֮ɫ˫ɫ档

494 ˣ

ܰޱȵգҪĴж˿飬ϻҪ΢Ц
ϾȢȥԼҲûȥˡ
ڷĵУǿʸƸӭȢĻȺӡ
ɷ֮ˣֿտջȥȻ֣˳Ц
ϱ
ٸҽϱһ᳢һ˵ζ
汾뿪ڽŷϱȴвŵ˻ȥ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôһҪӭȢģôŮ˲Ҫƫƫ׵ĸϻ
ģǽǰҵġ
Ҫ
İһڵϵİ棬׼뿪˭֪Ӽ뿪ʱ򣬰ȴǵǰرסȣҿ޺
˱ƸֶԱʼôôİ㡣
Ŀ˳˲ļҲκҲǰһ뻹ҩһһ类Сϱһίİŵסˡ
ϱ֪ϴ·ӣǱһѧϴ·ӣ㲻Ҫ
һ޺İԹ֮صڴϣصÿһ˵ĶߣΧ۵Ⱥָָ㣬һ˵ŷξ顣
Ӷô߹һˣȴŪıҡ
ǣ˿ĹӸԸΪһŮϴӣ˸жηĮŮƫƫӡ
˭˵أ˻Ƹ񻹶Իʼޣʲô
ΪԼɽӵΪΪôӵ£ֲŮ˴һپͺãҪٲͶ򼸶١
Χ۵Ⱥڴվ˰ߣΪıߣһٷġ
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Ĳ֪Լʲôʱ׷ӵŮ˵Ĳ˰ɡ
Ĵǲϳ鴤ţôҪܴĹģͽѵֲ֪ߵضŮˣõʹĵԼӵ档
ѾϷȥΨкƤŷˡ
Ѿ⣬ȢĵĻԼȥȺҲᱻʳͷڷĵߣŮ˱ŵûУǺܺóԵġ
һ֪ʲôӡ
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ĵĲ÷ߣȥûûƤҲҪͷĳϹϵ
ҵġ
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еɫδ˵ѣ뿪ʱ򶫷ܻǺúõأôһʱͳ¶ˡ
ڶܳʲô飬ڵķĻ֪
Ŷ˶ңڿڴɫɷ׵Ķ֮ʱһ˫ü
ô˵ôأ
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˵Ӱ棬ʱҲٶ̫죬ֱȣûн³
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Ƴһ۰棬æǰ˱ϴɾ˫Ϊܴ˿ڡ
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׼ɾˮһΪ˿ڣһ߷ԸŮ׼ҪƷɶ˿̫أѪԴԴϵ˳˿ʳ޷ֹѪĻǴɽҲΪѪ

׼ֹѪҩ
ŷĵһŮػشڷС
ѪҺķʮ㣬Ż
쳣ˣűŽüڴϵĶܣֿ˿æµķģɫתƬ̣һơ
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ǰܵߣ޳ָشŶܸ˿ڡ
뿪ں˰ҵķģȴڿһĻ֮ʱջ˼˵ڵĻ
ԭдĶģԼԣҲϡɫӰָ⴫붫ܵ棬ԭԴԴӿѪ˿ھȻʼֹסѪ

495 

ۡ
ڸܴİȴһѪӿ漴һӦ˵ϡ
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һڸ˿ڣ˿ڼǶܱܿҪȻᱻ֮նϡ
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ĸȷת˲ŵĺԲԼۻ

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ģҶˡ
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һ룬ĽеʣӽˮУ˫ѾѪɫȾʺ죬ʱŮˮ裬ϴɾ˫źͶ˵Ŷܵơ
ӵϴӸ죬ҺñܿҪ롣
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Ѫ࣬ӵֹסѪҪǷܰˡ
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˭ĵӣĹܽ˵ء
֪ԼӦöʣ¹ضܵĲ飬Ƕٵ˽һЩȽϺá
һϷҲ֪˽ҶʱҶѾ㡣
˫ȭһ˫еŭȼš
֪˭˺ˣһ
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İ˫Ŷͷ̵Ķܣĵ黹Ƿˡ
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ҩҩһᣬĽҾƵУȺΪܽ¡
ʱԭ˫۵Ķܻ˫ۣ˫ڿĵʱ¶һĨЦ⡣
ߡ
ÿһ˵ĶǼɻȴο֮⡣
ģ֮Уȴ쳣š
СͬһΣеİ°׷Ůվʯűߣį˼ɣǰȥӵڻС
Ϊһжֻξֱһ죬ĿһС
Ұ׵Ц⸡ڶܵĴǣȿ˵ʲôܵʶһλ֮ǰ߻صŷĵ֡
ܡ
ߣΪܴ˺󲢷֢Ǳߣվ⣬һֱûȥֱ
ˣǶΪΪ֮ʷĳ֣Ƕܵ־ǿΪʲô֮ʱƿŸ˵飬ǸֳһĨ͵Ц⡣
İɣƽǣֻҪպעɡ
æһһҹʱ䣬ڽܴӵ˻һָоָоܾúܾò֡
Դ֮һЩֻΪϰҽεָ
²ٵܵ˻ָоһĪİ֮С
лʦ
ϵĶ֣ŷ˫ֱȭԼĸм
ˣ֮٣öӻǰӡ
Ŀţ˵ŵĻҲǳʵûаֹס˿ڵѪҲ֪ΣǾ仰㽫ܾ˻Ҳʧȥպ˭Ҳ޷жϡ

496 İݻǴİ

һгźõķչ˶ҪĽ
ӦõģûʦͰµģҲ񡣡
Ůչ˷ϴԡ׼˷䣬һһҹδϢķİ˯
ҲûжףŮ˷䣬ϴ֮һɾ·ڴ˯˹ȥ
Ϊƣ۵ĹϵƬ̣ȳƵĺصڿС
УһƬɫĻУھ޴Ļ£紵档
ʱһɫһӰӰĵİɫĳڱǼš
ˡ
ĻصڷĵĶߣɷĲδͷֻ֪һΣͷĻ˱ɢ
úô
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ڤǺεΣյĵطǰ׶֮ôᰲȡ
뵣ģ֮ǰΪ򲻻ԼΣ֮УǷˡ
һһ䣬־䶼͸Źе˼ᡣ
ӰҪǰӵڻУǾñůǰһ뻹𳤷˫һȴ˷ĵ塣
ԭҪ˵ڵİҲʧ֮С
Ӱ˲ɢĿڻϻ³һ
ȻһǸΰ
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ϱϱϱ
ǲǣҪ۱š
īΪ˺¡
Բۣү첻µز£·ģܲܲϹ񤱡ˡ
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⣬һֵϵĻصš
ĽīĿ־ԼᰵĲ⡣
ᰲΪ޼ɽŵĽīΪλٴһ㣬ֱһķĴӷų߳һ̣Ϊνī˿־塣
ǰɡ
һĨЦ⸡ڷĵĴǣ֮£Ц˿Ҳк;
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Ϊֱ߰棬ڲˣһ
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ֻ֮ۡУīϵĶûţڽīûĿš
īСܣΪ֡
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ϱˣԺ󱾹Ҳ˯ˡ
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ǰܣںֳֳ׷ţᰵζð˻𻨣ɼٶжôѸ͡
գΪεɽ˽īˡ
ǰ棬ǽīϵĶᰣ㿴ҿĴŴ
ΨϸһƷġ
īǵһİݣͽֽҵۣܽѵ÷ˡ
ϸôƷĵģϱϸʲôϵ
̱ڵϿǽڵİŽīеϸʲôˣΪƷġ
ϱ
ŰжԷĵĳƺīʮֱӵĿһ۰档
ŵֳǽİݣҲǷĵķ߾ͱǶ֮УŻȰȰɣûϷ
īôһ˵Ҳˡ
ֲ÷˵ҪһˣûĻҪҵ˾ǽİݡ
㽪İǷĵķʲô
׻˵úãֻҪµûڲߵǽǡ
˵ˣ鶼ڷĵϣǿƸ񣬷ļȻƸ񣬾ϱ
ʲôİݻǴİݣǸ¶
ϸ磬㻹ðɣ
ûû¶ֻûôˡ
ߣ˿ǽһûһţһߣ˶ܵķΪ鿴˿ڡ
ޡ
Уȶڽгĵ֣һһѳɫǰǱĺԴԴϵĴӷĵϱŷ
Ľ𵶷ϣܵߣڶܸ˿ڲ
˿ڻָĲȻʮ뿳ò˵öܵ˿ڻָĺܺá

497 ΪʦС

ģҶΣ
һ۷ϵĳ𵶣еɫһ֡Ǵ˵еô˵ʧǧǰʱôʷϼһγ𵶳ֵʱ仹һǧǰ׵ĳǰв̰ֻ
Ǿ⵶аԵĺܣҲ޷׼Ԧ
ջأŷĶܵ顣
ްˣһʱͿԣһҪעһ¡
ĲòͶ˵һ¡
Ϊӷ˿ڵʱͷһص顣
һĻΪҲ֪ӦʲôԼ顣
ԣ֡
Ϊأ
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һҸӷ˿ڵʱһƤ֮ð˳жϵûĻӦ˶
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Ϊҽʦѹڲ˵ľͲĵķΧ֮ڡ
һ飬ҲҪص˵һ¡
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ʱ˷ٵ龧ϸ˵龧ѩԳ͸龧칩Ӧưܼҡ
Ȼˣ˰
ʮˬ죬ȡʮ龧ΪһԸ壬ҳŵʮ龧ֻһЩͷȵƺöᰵ˫֮󣬽ϸ龧Ϊ𱨳
лҾͲˡ
ҲͶװ龧ķָϡ
ʱۼĶҳԱһ˷ڶ˵ע⣬Ѱ˵ȥֻ۹֮һϮºڷ翵̤
ÿһ۹ⶼڽ£ŷŵϢ˲ľηţз׷ݵĳʥ֮ġ
⣬ǵɽ֮еĸ֡
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ǵɽˣǿˡ
ҲҲǣû뵽˱ȴ˵еĻҪ
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һޣһ侴ηһĽɱ˶֮顣
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ÿһÿһ仰˵ĶôᣬļĽǼʣģǾҲֵˡ
ǣ
Цţܵ˳ϢޣܰѲ˵ôתҲûˡ
ʱ棬ְҪƴ£Ҫչθ
ģĶ췢ġ
ٸһλĻ֮ǰǸϣԲ뿪ɽ
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Ŷ峤ĶӳЩ飬֪ܰæĵط
лģڷĸ߳ҽ֮£ȮѾްˡ붫ΧŶܵƹĵ˼䣬ĿһƣһһʱôЩƵģǲҪʱͷۡ

498 ټ

ΪͻȻڶңʢдҷĳԷȻȻ
ϯ䣬ͽīƶ˵Ƿ
һ߳ŷһ˵̸ۣ˽⵽Դ¥֮󣬽ʱ䣬˰ˡ
˸һͬ㣬ʿҰ˽ǱĶֶμݶ
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統¥ʱ򣬽ī˵Ļڵǿ϶ȥ
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֮Ҫӣμ֮ǵ˲ֻΪ֮ӣЩĴ治֮Ҫƻ֮
ҡ
˫ۣĿ⿴һƺͽīƺʲôҪ˵ջǽ˵Ļ˻ȥ˱Ļ
Ī̸ٺᣬ롣
л峤һٷʢϯζʤҵƵĹֱʼǰ滹ǽīƣ˵ǰϵʰζ󣬵ǶȲ
ķˡ
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ͣĵ׼뿪ۡ뿪֮ǰһŷӣдһЩҪעҪҵһҪСĽκεʧ
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ֹƺ˵ʲôﴫ˷ĵĶϡ
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ɶ
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ڡ
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499 Ҫ

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ʱ棬ҵӹôһĶǣ
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500 ˵⿷

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501 

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502 ͻᶮ

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503 һжֻǿ

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Ǻǣʱһصҹɫ֮УŮӵʮȻʮ㣬ƵĿƳһڴĺɫϢһѰǺɫϢʧڴ⡣

504 ħ֮

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ɾǣԭ޷ҹкȻǼڿ޺һص˶ߡŨҵħǵصѹƶ˲䣬㽫̡

508 ڰϮ

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509 

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ҲܵŮ˵ĵ⣬̫ʲôĹΪʲôŨҵĺ⡣
Һ֮޳ԹΪҪءżΪǣǼĳЦ

510 ƣ

ΪΣħ֮Ҫԭ򡣡
Цص֮䣬һӣһħɷɽŷķȥ
Գ𵶵ֵ˺ĹѪɫ˫Դλá
һ
ԭԴԴΧħĳ𵶱ķ˵֮С
ɳħڵ޷Ƴ𵶡
˭Ҳ뿪ɣ
ǳڵʱɵ֣ڳ𵶱ջص˷ӡĵУȻҪ֮أһ˵ˡ
֮ĺɫڰУֻҪӻ֣ǳɴ̴˵塣
ɾǣ޾ĺڰȻˣֱâؼһжָ˱ӡ
ĵҲڰеĺŮӣŮֹֿݵģֻҪˣһ۶ᱻԻǡ
ѩƺͽīҡͷԼѣûüȻ֮ԡ
Ů
īòϣħʮ˸Ǹ֡
ǰʦ˵ħʮͳħÿһ֮Լľ񹦡
ûв´ĻǰĺŮӱħʮ֮һħ
īҲǸոݣڷżʱסȻȻ롣
ǣ޼ɽСźѩҵСҲȻܵ˱ջ󡣡
ļһɫ欵ĳΣɫĳεڰУһࡣ
ܵ˱ջˣ֮٣˵֮⣬ǶЩȤ
ϲš
ѩƺͻȻһ仰ʹüɫ˲
߿Իܾãħˣ˭Ҳ֪ǰһƤ֮¾Ƕ꣬Ǹϱ̬һֻǶʮӣʵϵ˲²伸Ρ
ѩƺ˵ûҲĺܣλ١
²ˣԣӦİ꣬˵ħ޵˶Աһĵá
֪ôģѩƺīͰ²˼䣬ڰеļջ쳣
Ȼôһ̡
ţж֮ΪŨң֮ɫħһѾ޴ĺڽǽֱڵ
ںɫ޽µһ̣һʹĤ
̶÷æס䣬ˣ໹һ˫ֽסһ㡣
ɫһԶһȥǧûɱ˷ģѾˣòӡ
кŨŷģɫΪӡۡ
һûŪǣãȵ´ΣҪǻܰȵʲôʱ򡣡
£һźɢգۼûӰ
еķĵ˿˿ܣȷһж֮󣬽īŰ뿪ٳ¥ȥ
췢̫ˣĵǷյ˸š
ʱƱչصҪ¼ʲô⣬롣
ص¥һ·ϣɫɫڵϣ֪ǻɫǲҰֽ
˰ɡ
кֻǱħѹһʱʹȥѡ
īһ˵״һϷ̫ͻȻ˴ֲǶ޷мħţοѰ֮ˡ
ЩǣֻħϮĺ֢ˣһʱָܻ
ǣǾڶɽ£ɽǶĸ֣Ϊ֮ôħڶ֮á
벻⣬ҪĻǻص¥ϱ̬
ȵ˻ص¥֮ʱѾʱ֮ˡ
һص¥ı㳯Ƶķ伱ٷɱȥűߵǧҺͷ￴ĵʱһ
ллأʮʦƽ£Ҿ֪һƽġ
ʦأʦôˡ
ѯƱչ֮£ûܵħţҪ֮ʣ򲻿ɹһ
ʮʦ÷ģħϮ֮ʱжɽżʱϵʦڱչ֮в޴󰭡
޴ĸֵʱĳ³һ漴ǷĻǽīѩƺĸ˵ĿǲĿǧҡ
˵ʲôɽżʱϵ
ԣħΧ¥ʱ򣬶ɽųħûдŵʦչء
ǧҵĻһȷĶǧȷϹ˲Ļþ
ħ֮ʱɽǿγɽ磬ȷƱչǡ˹ˣɽ˵ҪȡǶɽŻƣ

511 

˵ʵīʵڲɽŵΪΣҲܴȥʸ
ڱչصûܵκδš
ħϮһ飬Ļ̡̻
罪īԣħŶʵѰʱ֮˹˼Ϊƣ֮Ⲣûиܵʲô֢״˵ǲеҡ
ʵôǷĻǽīһͻȻֵħһԭġ
˵ԷĵĻܿеһԭ
벻Ҳ벻ͨ˻صԼķϴһڴ˯˹ȥ
һһҹʱδۣ־ǰ飬ԾɱħγɵС
ա
ħŵȥˣһ·϶̸췢顣
˵ôҵŮˣ˵Ǳħеħץˡ
ļٵģɱƭҡ
ǻмٵĲɣҵŮǶϰ׼ҵŮҲʧˡ
ԶԶҲ˵ˣ˵ǺöŮӶħеץˡ
Ƕҹܲ£
һǶǵĳǳ⵵飬ҵһġ
ϣĺͽī̸Źħ֮飬˷׷üͷ
Ůʧˣ
ī֪ʲôҡҡͷ
ͽҴ
֪ǸмŮӡ
˶źµŮӼħʮħ
ôͻȻǸˣ
ͻȻ
İһ˫Ѫɫķ켧˵ЩҪʬε飬һŮ˶һŮ˵ĵ⡣
ǵһμ棬Ϊλޡ
ħʮļƺʶңʶ˺ܾõӡ
ԣָо
ܾüƺʶܾúܾõӣҶΪЩ˽⡣
Ȼ䣬˹
鷢̫ͻȻ÷Ĵʧ˺ö顣
гֵŮӾǼ˵ûԤϴĻ֮ǲħҲʲӵħʮħ
ɶ˼ʲôʶܾõӣ
īЩʲôʶܾõӣǷģضǵһԼ
㻹ǵʦ˵Щôʱ棬ħҪҶħ
һ˵īһȻ
˵ʱ棬ħڼ
ԡ
ĵͷ飬󲿷ֵ鶼ˡ
ˣһЩʱоħǼħûκιԲ˵֮ƽ͵úܣһʮϤůĹо
ԭͨ͸ķã
ڶһûһ֮£˶ҡ
ʱĶҲһңլǰΧȺ׷󶫷ҳħ֮£ѾһرħץߵЩ޹Ů
ȥҪɶ
ĺͽīϹܼҴӺŽ˶ҡ
񶫷뽹ͷö֮УҲӦûʱǣֱڵԺӡ
ϸ磬㻹ðɡ
һԺӣīϵĶᰲɵţûбħˣÿãīһ
ްλˡ
ᰵĿڷĺͽīǻƬ̣ȷ϶˰֮Ҳ˵֮ġ
һ¹ħŵ飬ûиõĽۣı㿪ʼҽ𶫷ᰵ˫ȡ
յƳ̱ҪһǰʩУͻ飬ֻüӴҩ
ǣ
ᰵĿڷеϣɫɢһ⡭ô
飬Ϊá
Ķڶǰʾ⽪īΧҪðһڶڵĶͿԻˡ
ʵ˫еĶʮѽ⣬ټศɣҪڶʱöվһʮѵ顣
ⶫ½ҽ޲ߵ飬ôҿºڣ֤֮ǰöվ
ľ˲飬Σܱ֤ô̵ǰʱ˫Ȼָ֪ҪԴڰ
ī˵һö̲޵žһеܶܳܵ˵ģɢ
ڵΪѾķΧ鲻κβΪƵľʵͻơ
ľѰҲ޷ܵģԶ˫ϵȷʵЧĸұ֤ǶɽԽ٣Ҳ޷ļΨаרſƴ˵аĶ䡣

512 һһС̳

ӣƬܾ֮ҵʹΣһҪס
ˣͷʦˡ
ڿ֮󣬶Ҳ˷Ҫʲô
֪޷ܵģȻôˣһĵ
˫ȭɫ˫ȼ֮ʱ޷ݵʹȫ
亹ϵشӶͷð˳ȫ֪Ŷôҵʹ
˸˶ᰣֻпԼӲȥ
ʹ֪ҪãֻҪɲǼ䷽ɣֻҪ˶䣬ʹʧҲܻһʱʱ֮á
ɾڷΪҽ֮ʱһֵڼ˶ߡ
ʱǱˣǶɽھ
ģɵôû
һɶҲħ֮ˣҷѲ顣
ʦ򲻿ɣûüͬⴳլ˵Ϊᱻ𷣵ġ
ܼס˴լھڽƣ˭Ҳ֪ھôͻȻ֣һĻ⣬Ҫ谭ʦΪҽΡ
ǰԺŮʧٵ飬ھ׵ĳ֣ʵ˴ֲھʦʹӡ
𷣣Ҳħ˵֮ʱ趫ͬôÿ
붫ҵھܵǿǸŮ˵ðҽζᰡ
Ҳ飬һϸҲܷŹ
ǡ
ɽڽӵ֮ʼ䵹ĳ鶫ңھֱڵԺӣɶֹܼ޹
ӱģǹؼ֮ʱýīԸھ
Ĳ˶ᰵķģʾҪ֮£ԵĽīɡ
ھ붫ڵԺҪڰеİɫ֮ʣīӰ˲֣谭ھ
ôţҪô
īۿҪھеЦ֮жôŨˡ
о仰ô˵ţ˾֮·˽֪
Ȼ֪ô֪ðƶᰵϢԣҪ飬ö᰼̱š
治ɽôƻթΪӣԽԽȥˡ
յϢҲħ֮ˣΪɽȻԴӱħ֮Ҫȥһ
Ǻǡ
ī˫ЦھͻȻһھİϣֻһĽӡʮۡ
ڱүǰûʸԳƱŲűү𡣡
ƾ㣿
ȫϢ򿪣ھ˫Ϣ˷
Ƕɽ㾡ȫţȻˢӣǰиá
֮ӹŪ㣬ڿȻͱձүˡ
īѾˣǲھŻضɽ
һ
Ϊǿ֮䣬ī˵һɵӣȴɱһƬ
ī׼ֽھʱ˷⡣
ʱĶҲĸ͵³һѪ
ס
һѪȫ˷ĵϣۿŵĶϢң鼱ֻܴ֮߶ڵĳס˶ᰵ
ʱ棬Ȼ˲ĥͬʱҲѧ˺ܶණ߶һ
޼ɽţھֻһСѣΪ޼ɽŶһС֣Ц
Ӧǰ
һϮɷǵۺӣȴݵ˫ۿģ͸̰֮⡣
ɽƤЦⲻЦĿǰһУǿѹˡ
ھ˸ɽϣһһС̳ҪʲôĿѾˡ
ЦΣҪοȱŸǺ޳ܣֺں档
ī˫ֶż򣬿߲ƵĶɽϣء
ǲö᰻ָųħĿںţһЩ޳֮ܵ¡
ī⻰ñЩˡ
⣿ʲôģֹҽζᰵĿôˣ˲ô
ڶɽ˸ûкӡǣС̳أӦŪҲŽޡ
īŻˣϺھ紫ħ֮ڶңһ֪ɽĵΪҽΡ
һȻı飬ħ˲ڶһϷ֪ĸûӵҽҥҶħˣϷҪšԴС

513 ܻ

ò˵֮Уȵľơ
ɽǲǸ֣Ȼˡ
ڽʱǶɽҪɱ˽ʹһ˵Ļ˽İ֮⣬һ˸ûκλֵ
ǲǸ֣Ȼˡ
Ϊļ壬ûˢסôļ塣
֮ǿϢǵصϮһ޷ݵѹ
İһ˫Ѫɫ˫Ž߽Ķ֪Ƕĸ֣û뵽ʵԶԶԼĻҪĪöࡣ
ҲǣԼĶвĻҲǨ͹¶Լ
ϣϷղ˵ǶҲħˣ
˫һᣬЦݱжôҲţնԸˣɽϱ̳˵ʲôضᶯֵġ
ǺǣضĻһжŵ˼ֻһЩԣҲ֪ħϮǴ˺ܴţΪɽ˳ħȻҪĳһ
£ɽۻ׵ĺӣƤЦⲻЦЦʵ˷С
ɽϰ˶ɽţǱ˵ĻȻҪӵģϾӽһڣ˸ŭġ
ˣǶ峤λȻȲ϶ɽţЩʲӵĳС
ôȻСԣǾҪһ飬ЩѲ鶫լҲʸ񡣡
ȻǰĶɽ˴ʲô⣬Ȼǰ˶ӵĻָ
峤ŽѲħ˵񽻸ҵȣϣ峤ϡ
ϣϷǲϣֵΡ
һǰԴԴϱŷϢ˱ᣬǶɽ϶Խ磬οǶ峤
붫峤ĪҪΪҵȣǣǶûвħˣֺѲ顣
ھ˿ڣ˲䱻ǿǶסھһᱻɡ
֮˵ֵһڡ
ھݺԼ̱ףʱ޿̲
Ҳұ֤ھٶһĻܿ޷ȻĻ֮һ졣
Ȼ˵ھǸϺһɶɽĵߣɶԷǶ
˵ھסΣϢǿϢң˫һĨݺݵĶ⿴򶫷ŶΪβķϡ
ܵھеĺ⣬ĴǸֳһĨЦ⡣
ԵģǲϺھѶңö̤ǰһ
ϺھҲģƺһҪѲ鶫ң˶˽ħˡ
Ϸѻ˵̤һ
ϺھԼɽЩĶƾŽīȻԵֵˣվ˷붫ᰡ
ڶڹؼʱ̣ɫһһľŶҪרעưһҲǳһ֡
᰸ˣҪȫעĵֿʹʴȫ
ǱӣǺ룬ᰲվָص¹ʡ
ؼ֮ʱҺöʱ֣ǿסھˡ
ڵһһ֮ǿϢ壬ӶɽϱŷȻҲԾʮǿ
ΪƵķܸоõھ϶Ҫ֮ǰǿࡣ
ſǿϵţЦ˫ۣ䡣
峤˻ĪҪΪѱϣϺھǷǰѲ飬˵峤Ѿŷˡ
СӣϷñӣϷôһͻ֪ЩֶΣǾ仰̤ǰһǶɽˣϷҲԲð벽
ħ֮ˣȻܣһжھĽڰˣǮڰռɢħ˵ϢӶнҡ
ھһֱףΪʲôš
ǰڶᰵΪΪаĶԵʱʦ˶䣬ʱ䣬ôء
ԽԽޣǶɽΨһļ̳ˣֻǶһ̱ķƾʲôȡ
᰽ձһҪ
ؼһƺһ̣ǿϢγ赲һǰһϲδˣ֮һҪѲ鶫ҡ
ڴʱһõӰӳڲԶ˲Ƶٶǰ
ӰƺһеϢֱܸܵǿ
ĵ΢΢𣬿Ӱһۣһ˫Ѫɫ
ǵӰǰɽɽµĿջӰϡ
ɽţε
š
š
ɽһ˼ε֣׷׹ڵϣһҲòϵϢ
ţҵȷǰѲ鶫ң峤ӣδҵȽ롣
һ俪ڣеĹƵ˶ϡ
֪ǸʲôԵϺ꣬һɵģеöˣû˽ħ
ߣôϷ򻹲֪㣬Ϸû˽ħУҲֲѲ鶫ҡ
Ļһ˵Ϻھģһ˵ε˵ġ
Ҫ˼ˣʼһԵĽīҲջϢյĿһߣĿεϡ
ϼһϢ˲٣һɽ˵ħֵʱεȻΪչصƻ
֮ʲôϵ׵úܣƺε־˶˲ʲôл˵Ҳһֱ޷Żػŷת
лᣬǺƺεˡ
һǵɽ𳤣һǶɽţֿɼĴڣҵɽͶɽ֮Ħ֮ļ϶ء
εΪλħֵʱΪƻأ벻ͨʵ벻ֱͨһ飬һкܴܴ顣
īԼԴ֤ƺεһԼ
ɽ
Ļص˶ߣǲϢϺھһ㶡
⡭ͻɽô
ģǶ᰻ָĻôǰ顭
ھģһĿıŪᰣɲֹΪΣ;Ȼᷢô¶
ģ
谭ھ׼뿪֮ʣĶһӿһ˺ѷεİصʡ
ˣӻݡ
һ仰˵˲侾
һȺŵ̧ɫҰ׵ĶȥվԭػһеھЦЦ
վվߵġ
ᰣҲ˶ˣĽվļա

514 رǿ

Ϊɽ˵ĳ֣ö᰷񣬼а˶䣬ɻöش
ڴϻԲѵĶᰣĽе˫ϰ
ģҶôˡ
Ϊ׵Ķֻҡҡͷص̾һ
ӱ䷴ɣҪһʱ䣬ڶûѹˣҲ֪
ıʾҲΪˣĶˣǶɽȺ̳ع⵷ҡ
ĸĽۣҡ˼£ǽīʱĲţ˵ϡ
һ˲䣬ƺʮһ㣬˫ȭзߺ֮Ũ쳣
ɽϷƲ
ŴӶɢǿ֮⣬ī뿪˵ʲôһԵķҡҡͷֹ
ٶﰲοҲûʲôˣĺͽī뿪˶ҡ
ڵĶѾˣڶòŻҪԼˡ
һʱ䣬Ƕˣµ˼ǶĴӳ׵׷ˣжˣһԲӡ
⻰˭ȥģö룬ھּ˻˭
һʱ䷢˲飬ڴϻŽһĻĻ
֪ǲǴĹϵԴӽ붫ǿʼͺһ˫۾ڶԼָо
һĨɬЦ⸡ڴǣҡҡͷô
˼ҹζѡ
ҹɫããǵҹзһƬƺδܵħϮӰ졣
ѾᣬȻڻԲѣ𣬷ıջˡ
ɶأ
ڷߵİ濴ŷģ޳Ĵļο
Ѿˣ˸᰻᲻ͿԼˣ룬ȥĵط
˵ţŷһ̵ĹûȺУһԵĽīѩƺ˷׷װ˰һۣ˭Ҳûֹ
ѩƺ˵ֱ׼һûоöɶ仯
īĻѩƺüͷһ˫˫ĮɫѾ˵һС
ʲôֱ׼һ
Ҹɶ
īĿ˿Լͦ˧ģÿ춼ô˧ʲô֮ô
˵˵ûɶһĸоүⶫҪҡ
֪Ϊɶ𣬽īָоħϮ֮оԽŨҡ
ĺ˵ѩƺˣȻһֱ׼
ûС
ѩƺ򵥵ֻظ˽īǵýīʮֲ
С˹һ̬ȾôĮүҲ˺òá
ŽīĻѩƺĿһϣƬ֮󣬴ǸֳһĨЦ
ѩƺУڷû֮ǰԶǵһλģԴӷĳ֮ǵһλ
ΪзĵĴڲʳԣлܲײˡ
ѩƺʮĮԼŪʮǻ𣬽īԼбҪС˵һ˵ʲôĸֵ˼
һߣקŷĵҹеܣһ˫ɫг˷֮⡣
Ƕǵһõط㿴ΧĳӣڿĺɻɫӦǲ
ŷһͤУͤΧһƬɻɻɫ͵ƹӳ£ͬɾһ㡣
վͤУĵĿǽҶĺɻϣ˼ɵûصǰ
ãʱһ뾡취ҪƶľǧˣҲֻľǧꡣ
Ϊһ裬ΪΪдһʫ
Ըһģײ롣
ʫʣѪɫ˫оȻһ˿£漴Ц⹴ڴǡ
ǵģʲôʱҲˡ
ղ˵ʲôû
沢δ˵ʲô
ûʲô
ѽȻģһᣬȥһ
ȷĿ˵ʲôһʧ˺ͤС
ںͤԶİһС̯ζʮֲֻҪһڱ񫡣
õĶҪŻ죬ҰоǲģǳһζĿ㣬һõġ
ڿζʮζŶӵҲܶ࣬վڶвϼİʱʱĳźͤķĻ֣ʾĵȴһЩ
ںͤУӣĿ⿴ŲԶĺɻһ˫ɫӳɫԡ
ʱһ˵ӰĳУһϮɫīɫĳ裬ֻɲ֮䣬ɷĻǿ˵
İݡ
ɫӰܿʧȺУӰ׷˹ȥ
УһĪвϵ³ţϣǸ˾ǽİݣǽİݳڶΪλ᲻Լ
Ӷһֱ׷˳⣬ɫӰʧ
վһƬݵϣԵ¹ڷĵİ׷ϣһεįԴԴϵĴѪɫķ¶
ǣ
ôǽİݣڤ֮С
ԳţɼǿɫӰʧķפá
ӦԼ˰ɣ
֪˺ʱֱѾĿҵ˷ģ۷ضǡ
ڷʧһ̣ӰںڰеӰһ˫˶ǵĵĿǵѾʧеӰǵЦǰᡣ
վļϥڵϣԹݶĿԶȥķġ
ƾʲôһé®ʿѣεº㡣
˫ȭţеĶ֮ŨһҪ÷һ֮ȫʬ
еѾ׼͵֮
ռƻ¡
ԵҹɫУ˼̵ļ˵һеı
ȥķĲ֪Ԥм档
ҵĻֻҪշĿķ£ʮվͻȬ
ڶԾڻ֮УҲȥҿδʲôչ
ۿ֮Խƽħŵѱ⣬һץ׼֮ϴʡ
ҲҪμ֮
ʾԼҲҪμ֮
֮ǺΣյģ˵˵ѣĽǱμӺˡ
ƾʲô
ī˵ţΪӵİȻˡ
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ţǿǵرǿ㡣
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ʦ֣ʦ֣ʮһʦܣʮʦãˣ¥⣬ɽʦָǸ֮Ļǰ˶ǣԴˣɽμ֮ĵȫԱ롣

515 ֮

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˵ֻҪ֮ǰʮͿڶ½ߣ¥ԣ¥ԺΣøǮ֡
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˴Ԫ֮һΪ˵ɽʦһΪ˶ɽš
˵ǰһ˲μ֮ҪĿġ
ȻˣĿǽԪ磬ԪڤǸˡ
֮ǿ֮ʿԿɲμӣԣ޾塣
μ֮еҪ鷳һЩԱҪ¼ϢڻƻĻ֮ʱֵ˷ĵˡ
ôʹ˲డ
īһȺˣƼֱͺʹһģһˡ
ɶдˣ
治ĿŽī֪Ϊɶīͷ˵ĺö໰Ƕס
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˵Ļﲻ֪ôĵ˳棬һԼΪ֮ԴˣֻЦһ

516 Ϊʦֵ

Ҫ֮ȡúΣҪض֡
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ԣҪ̭ơ
֮һ̭ÿǸһ飬ܹվΪʤߣлһֱ
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һ嫹ĮĴ½μ֮˺ֶ࣬˷ӣڵĳһ֮ˡ
ԭڶĲԱֶҲΨ̭ʽԻһ±ڶѹ
һֱȡƣɲԱ
ιһɣ̫ذ˴ˡ
īʾԼͷһ˰ôоôС
ƾʲôҪͷһ飬ֲǵɽˡ
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ɲɣҲҪͷһ顣
үһȥүҪͷһ顣
ۿűҪʼˣīŷ˳һİĹĵĵŽī˴
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ʦ֣ܰѺڵ˵ɰ׵ģ˵˲ҪµӡʵҲָܹҵ۲ǲѶɽĵŪǷľǡ

517 ԰

ڶɽԾȫԱͨ
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ʧһʱ䣬û֪Ǻܳһʱ˾ȥʲôطʲôˣ³ڶ֮󣬱ӹ˵ɽˣεͱҲһε֮¼档

518 һ

ͨ˵֮ĶԹ𣬸ȷ˵εͱ֮顣
˴ӹȫȫܸܵһҺθɵ顣
˵ʧ˺ܳܳһʱ䣿
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ͨ˵ʧԭΪһŮӣҲ˵Ů˭ϾЩʧʷеϹ룬żһҲ޹ؽҪ
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519 û۸

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520 壬ǲ

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521 Ǯ

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522 ʥĸ

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ֻڰ˵Ĺ֮е֪Ĵڣۿ⻹ǵһΣԺ᲻ٴҼ֪ǰȴʵʵĿӴˡ
Զɽ֮ϣξ޴ںһ۾ѷ꣬Ǿ޴˻Ǵдġ
۾ȻȲԾѸ͵úܡ
ֵǣ׵ֻǻһ˵ϣý۾лɳˣǽ۾׼ʲôһ㡣
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Ȼ䣬īһŵһ
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ŵİ޲ôī޼ɽжɡ
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ī׵ֻϣڽ۾ϣҸܵϵۼ䣬ҲһЩ顣
ԭˣ
ԭҪɽٻŻ׽١
˻ʲôɽٶҪ׾׽٣ǰȥ˾׽ٱɵõһʧˣɢӶʣ
Ϊʲô½ľôţΪëֻôɿԼԭ
ǰڶɽ١
۾Ȼץסᣬ׽Ϊ֮ʱ׼ŻŪȻռڵһ۾ǰΪ
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쿴쿴Ǹ۾Ҫ͵Ϯˡ
ҽ䣬˱㿴۾ߣ㿪һ׽ٵἱٵǰſڱһݺݵҧסӡ
޴βҪľӶƻȻǱ͸ˡ
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۾һβ͸˦˼ʮԶĵط
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ģīѩƺ͸׷˰棬ɴʱѾࡣ
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523 Ի

һ׽٣ƣ۲۾ȸԾĺޣһ
ۿŽ۾ؼʱڣҺͽīһԾмֵ۾Ĺ

īһг۾Ȼ˵۾һͭƤǵǹ룬īϾ޼ɽţΪͣһ߸ô
𰸣Ȼܡ
ī͸ֻǸȡʱ䣬Լָˡ
˹⼤ŭ۾Ȼ۾ϵˣ׷Žī͸ҶˣϵŭɨβͣҪˡ
ߣϣɫºԴԴϵĴ棬ɲ֪ΪΣһδεǲϵ˿ѪҺֹס
ûõģСһ
һص˶ߣתͷɫͫһ˿˿л⡣
мСһڹؼʱ̾ԼɼˣҲˡ
ΪܰĵĶɽٷΪ֮䣬û뵽Ȼᱻ۾Լɽ֮ء
ллǡ
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ĸܵľһǺת׽ߡȻԷڵûκؾ׽ٴķãֻóƫ׽ٵĹ켣ССһٶҲѹŷ޷˾ס
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ܷ࣬һЩѪѪҺ̲žβڵ˵׼𻯽١
ŷģŷܸһЩѪҺ١
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524 ˵޳

ˣʵҲģҪǰǸʥĸķģҲ
νЦţʼٸ߻ǰ档
Ҫ֪Ի͵ľҲȥϹNɪҲȻ֮鷢
ϲֱˬվΪβڵѪҺɽٳɹԸ񣬱Ҫл㡣
Իһ˵ûܷĻ⣬ܶɽٳΪĹû
ԣڷĻ֮ʱĵξҲΪ˱Լĸл
һ޾Ҳûʲôö͸㵱л񣬱㽫ֵһĹѨԿ㡣
˵ţһöԿ׳ڰ֮УԿ滭ֵֹĶֻܸоõԿ׵ĲͬѰ֮ʲôĹ죬һʱƬûиȻ
˷Ѫɫ˫еĲ⣬ԻͽԿ׵һЩ顣
һöԿ׺ĹѨǱ䷢ֵģǳĹѨĹѨвٱȫ͸㡣
ȫ
һ˲ٶƨĳŵƱˬ졣
ԣȫĹѨвнƱмǱһЩ⡣
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ǰһ̰ӵ࣬Ի͵Щ棬Ϊǰǿľβڵѡںϣ
ĳ˵Ǿ޴ĲƸȻ˵һˡ
Ի͵Ļףһ֪ľβڵҲǳǱȻ뾡һеİ취ȡ
ӵг˲ǿĻֻ׸ˡ
ģҷĵĶ·Ҳߡ
ĵȻ֪ԼڳǸôΣյĴڣɵǣڶɽȺ˵Ĵ£ľ˶֪ӵгһҪ˫ơ
ʲô򲻹˻СһģĴ򲻹ǾȡҲҪԷ
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ҹʱ䣬˯ҹ
Ǿ仰ҪǸܵ˼˵ĺĻڿӰ˸ˡ
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׼´Ƕһȫ;񱻿ײһҵʹţʹɾǿ֮ĺ֢
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ǧɺò׼ҶҲֻ˴ϡ
ξģĻ̧֣ȻһѽɫԿ׳С
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ȵϵʱҲ˹ͷһĺ֢ССĶһҵʹš
ˣȺࡣ
ǧҶ࣬ðźǸʲôζ˲óԿܿó
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ѣƵһߣǿɲûбƽŪԼ˵¡
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أҪǳǧ࣬ƾС壬ҲҪзˡ
ʱǧҶһˣ룬ˮҲøʳĺҩİɵһɫճװĶ
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ʦа׷ô
Уʦָʢȥ
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ҹɭеĳһȼŻ⣬ǹâ˵һ̰Ŀ⿴Żϵһͷ¹
ʳϵĹ˵ζջǵǽ۵ɫԻż˵Ӿһͷ¹ӿһ̣Ѹײڶ֮ƽʳ
Ȼ˵˼첻ͳԣɼ˸סҪһеıܡ
գһͷ¹˳Եֻʣ¹ͷˡ
ã
īһöֻڵϣ͸ʵʵҶ˿˿¹⡣
Եúñ
Ҳǡ
˳ԵĳŵˣһڵѵõС
ʮԽԽˣǾȥ̶ѨҺɫʯɡ
ֻʮޣǰһҵõɫʯ˲ʸһźɫʯûС
ȥһط֮ǰһԿΪл˵ĹѨеʺĹѨкܶķ
Ĳ⽫ܺ˷ǽīѩƺǸҰ棬˵ʦֶʦ֣ڶʱУûǵչˣǻٲά衣
һˣٱ޸ˡ
ɶ÷ĻǶ뱾ҪȻնࡣ
ǣΪ˵ȼɱء
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ɣĺͳصүûɶǴүǶҪͣСӿмܲסΨнİݲܽġ
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˶ѰҺɫʯ¶̫żϾǾסСľǲԱ۷ضɽıؾ֮·׻˵úã˵޳ܻܲóãοԶɽȺ˵˵ҪعôȻҪ

525 

ڳԱ֮ص˶С¥Ϣֱڶ֮ʲ
Ҫȥ˵Ķ츣ôǧŷǲҪȥĵطνĶ츣أӦܸܵõǣɭֿʼûܵʲôŨҵڣֻоʮ׶ϢԽǰ
׶֮ԽŨ
Կĵͼ·
Ҳ˶ʦֵ˼ԿϵĵͼôģҲǰյͼָķѰΪ֮ǰסĹѨ
վԣǵطһĹѨҲ֪Ӻʱʼˣֻ֪ںܾúܾǰƬֵʱ䷢ĹѨ
˸ڷĵ󣬷ѰԿϵָʾǰţ֪˶ãǰһ͵ɽڵס˼ǰ·ߡ
ˡ
Կͼ͵ˣûĻʯͱһè壬ⶼǵӾŶоĻ档
Ȼһ֮һȽϸߵͱҵʯͷʯͱϳһʯš
һʯ֮ڣӳһ
ܿʯ˹ĺۼԽڵǰţҲ֪˶ãԶǵĹâ˵ע
ǰй⡣
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Ϲ𡣡
ͽị̄ѰŹâǰһᣬչ飬âԽĴۡ
ʱӴڰ֮ʱһĹâ˫ʮֲοǿҵĹâ
ȵ߽Ӧ˹â֮˫ۿųǰɾһĻ棬˰ͣ㣬õҲ޷ݳʱ˿̵顣
˵ôԭǽӡסûиоɭоȻ̲ǿ֮ء
ʯǧΪԼɭֵʱûиʲôǿԭǱ˲˽磬˵صȫϣ˲޷еǿ
ԣ˵Ķ츣һĹѨôĿģ֮Դһ
Բۣ
Ȼ䣬īһֵ˵ߣҲŽīķȥ
ҲΪﻨĵطԻͳ֮ΪĹѨˡ
׼ȷ˵ԻĹѨƺﲻǺȷ׼ȷ˵Ӧݡ
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ԶԶȥʱĹǺֻеһ̣оԼĹΧˣһѹֵĸоŨ
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ǡ
汾ŶŪһīɵӽīȴ׼ȷĻش
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ȷʵǣүҵףҹǧǰս޼ɽҲء
޼ɽڣŶĴжйǧǰսļڡ
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īͷ˵˹ǧǰħսһЩ顣
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ħһֱ̲Թаս֮һħ֮⣬ǧǰһаսνǻ켣ڵأɻħյ˼ΪصĴˡ
һŮӣ׿ԽΪţС뿪ǰȥʮţȵʱбһӤ
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û뵽վȻҵǧǰħս֮ء
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ûĻɽһ˵ĹѨɽһߡ
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ģ
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Ҷɣûʱ˸ˣʮӲԶˡ
á
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ڲԶɽ֮УķһľݣѾû˾סˣһ׹ڴϡ
ûĻ˱Ĺˡ΢΢üͷİѩƺСľ֮˸ӣһ׹һ󷵻ľѰű

526 

ۿɼľֻһܣϰڷһЩ鼮ʱѾãЩ鼮һͻһ
ЩǼ˼Ʒ鼮ÿϧ
濴ѵ鼮㲻ζ
ܶණܲסʱĴݲУˣȻˡ
ۣ
ԶĽīȻ侪ţŵŶΪīܵʲôΣա
үȻҵ񽣣ҵ찡
Աｪīʱ˿̵ġ
񽣣ǵսù񽣣û뵽û뵽
ͱү˭Ҵ򱾵ү񽣵ע⣬үȻڴ˴
Ϣһûӡ
Žīϲ飬Ȼ˵ǼʣǱӡ
ʱѩƺ棬ǧң͸ҲֱҵԼıЩɽõ֮£ЩԣһʱѼԦͱɫεΧһĲʶɣǹˮ֣һûмҺ壬潫Լɫʱ
ܹ˲ǿ
ڰ˵һңһʮǿҡ
һʱ䲻Ƶİ治Сı
СЩ粻ܱٿյġ
еķ磬ԨԴɣ޼ɽһ˵һ磬ֻ˲ʹá
עʱעһὫԴơ
û뵽СӾȻ˺ˣٺ٣
С㣬ҪҪү˵һôүﲻ
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У˵ҵĶȱүһڱүǰǸѩҵС֣ҵɶ
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˵ǲǿˣҵˡ
˵Ǿ仰ûѩƺֱ׼ľͺһ񽣶ʮ֮Уû뵽ѩƺҵ
ٺ٣ѩСӣ¡
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˵Ŀ⳯ŽīȥīʾҲ޹İ汾˵̶Ѩ˷֮أԭǶɽȺϹĻԡ
֪ǲǴղźħʮħѲɶɽħڹ
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529 кĻ

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530 ٷְٿֽӰ

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ڶ޼ɽŽīɽźľɽŮٻ˺ͽɽĺӡ
˽ī֮⣬ĸ˶ڶͷ֮ӣһĸҪĺܶࡣ
ǽɽĺӣԭɽһͨͨũСӣһգһ·С츳㽫ɽΪµӡ
ʮʱ䣬ɽΪѾԽ˵ʦڿɽμ֮ҲΪҪ֤һԼʵ
īΪ޼ɽţɽҵĸֹ֮
Ȼĸڶĸ˼һī
Ͼīͷڶν׹ΪǼΪ̬ʣΪصԸ񣬼ɽҲС
˵ʵһʮҺͶɽŸɣ˵ɽĵ֮⣬⽪īǵһˡ
ɽź˿ڣԳƣī¿ĸһۣ΢΢̾һ
롣
ȻȺԳΪΪ޼ɽ˵ʲôǾͳ䵱úõظȺϿκˡ
лīţǱ㲻ˡ
ϳ֮ǰĸ˱Ѿˣǿ־붫ɽīѹǽīĶ֡
Ͼһа٣Һ޹˼ɵĵжԶɽھˣ޼ɽŽīס
ΨĶһһ˿˿ʤԡ
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ˢһľɽŮٻе䵶ۿžҪڽīĲϣǰӰ˲ʧӰ١
̿͵ɱ֣кףϢˣʮ֮Ȿү͸֪ɱ
˵䣬ԭʧǰĽī֪ʱڶ˵˫ֻΪ˫µһУźٻſڵ϶á
͵ɱȻ׷ٶȣͬʱҲҪغԼϢ˷֣ôȥϢ֮ȡ׼
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531 е˼

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νͶɽ֮ĶԹԹվҪˡ
ܿһѩƺҲսȡʤһսǷһ飬һʮܵĿͬҲģҪǮ
ѹڵɽǮʤ񶫼ɽȺϲľȻɽĸ˶ͬһɱ
߰ɣҲ볡ˡ
ǧЦţһڵɽӻ볡ǳϵĻһ˸߹һˣ֪ɽ˵ӡжôĳߡ
ϲ㣡
ǧңҰ㣡
ң֧㡣
˶ǾУһɽһᣬһ˧⣬ߵﶼһƬŮӾ֮ͲͰһ֯˿ˡ
ϣǧңңԼԴ˳֡
һͬʱɽĵӣҵ˵һĥȫûʤô
࣡
ǰ翵ĸˣоԼ΢˳֮С
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ΧȺҲʾ㣬ʲ˵еߣˮĲٿߵ塣
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˲⣬ʮֲ⣬ȻòκõĴ𰸡
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һڶʮ֮УĶ󣬸һ᲻ðѱó
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յһĻûʲô̫𣬶ɽʱ˱䶯Ȼڳǩֽš
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ӻ̭ʼɽ˱ÿһоܼչչ˶ɽĵӣټ֮ɭеİѡУɽڶʮ˱ˣˬ졣
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Ӱ˸һ۾ɴܡ
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һΣ˫ȭʮĳŷĻȥ˫̯ڸҼΪԵʽ֮ʱ̫֮ǿȭ硣
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Ʊһˮ֮Ŀ⿴ġ
ȻĵʽȥûκΪˣ֮ǣʦܵʽ
˲֪ʽʲô֣ڿ̨ϵĽīȴףⲻǶʮһ㳡ϴүϴˣ̫ô
ԸΪЧʽҲΨ̫ˡ
ܲܿҶˣϽȥԷīϴĵ˵Ķߣǵһڰۡ

532 ô

ʵһıҲûʲôīˣ֮ԻͷĶ䣬ȫȫԤһڽľ֮Уľεʵ
Ͼôõʱ˲δʵ
ڿȫһ㡣
һĻսʮսܾԱѾѡˡ
ֱǶɽھھܽǰʮ֮е飬ϾǶɽĵ̣ڵαжɽºЩ˵飬ҲûȨ˵ʲô
˭öɽȭͷֻܽеĲԹȥֻϣɽʦǸǱ𣬺ݺݵʹھһ١
ڶ¥ڴˣԺеӡ̫࣬һЦкƵıˡ
׻˵úã۵ĶǹܾܽΪ֮ǰʮԱҲǸʲô򵥵Ľɫ
޼ɽŽīīǶ֪ǿǱ̬ǿͳΪ޼ɽš
޼ɽȻƫԶĵطÿһŶǼΪܵأΪʮ֮ˡ
īˣȻΪƷò˵ʵǱȲǰš
֮ɽӣɽ̫࣬˶ЩֲĸĸɽµĴӣʵȻǿ
ĻӰ棬˵Ӳȴһ㣬ӵи߹Ѫͳӣǿޱȡ
ѩƺѩǳҲǵɽĵʮһӣȻ׿ԽʮעѩƺŵһѾ޴ĳǽѩƺͬ߶ȡ
ҽΣƻһ㣡
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ע⵽ӣ̭ڵľӵʼźɫӣû֪ǴʲôطģںδĿʲôֻ֪ʮְ̬ھȦС
վںԱߵǹӣȫɫŵĺӣǹӾͬһ쳣ЩĹͷˣʮһ֡
ھ棬īѩƺӣˣǹѾһ˯ѵС֮⣬һһ֮ʮĿѡǱǷġ
ſվһţߵͲͬݲͬĿȴͬģҪȡ֮ΣԪ羫Ϊ
Ҫ֪һԪ֮󣬵һ³䣬ǱǴߵĴڣε˺ͱһ㣬ľ֮жǺ绽
ιүΪ˭أⲻǶɽδļ̳ھʦôôɽָʲôĻôˣ
ֱԲھ˳˽ī˭
īھǰˣκɵһһεĵߡ
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īĳЦھ˶ԶɽӡҲʮֲƣȻûпڰھ
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ʮ˽гǩѡԼһֵĶ֣սҪϢʱ֮ڽյܾʱڶԾ֮սѡǰ
˵ı൱пᣬҪ˵ϿɣҪڸΪĳΪ֮ǰ˾Ԫϰ
ֻ֪ԪĴڣ֪Ԫ羿Ǹʲôĵط
Դˣ˽ԪһõɾԴһ
ʮʮ˵Ŀ³ǩ֮һֵĶǺˣףɽųǩԱҲȻֽš
ܳΪǰʮȻˢӣȶɽĲʲôһǩС
ƺעһ㣬ֽҲҪġ
Żһս˻δù񫣬֮ھͽīҪֳʤ
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ڴܾ֮ĵ
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533 ѹɽ

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һ֡
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ڽܷĵʱȫѻ˵һǧΨһŮӡ
˶֮Աעԭĳ
ʵμ֮ĿĴ󲿷ҲˣܳΪǰԪ磬ܵõĺͳҲǿԵġ
ʵϣ˲ŷȫȫǶˣĵΪԶԶظǣʱʲô飬ڹƲҲзˡ
һ֮Ȼ˲Ҳңڵûô
ʮν꣬Ҫʼˡ
ֻҪԾʤһˣҪһֵսӶǰʡ
һֱ
ҶͣΪ￴㡣
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͸ԼӼʹһ֮¼ֱϹ˵˫ۡ
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ǿʼǸոտѣͱȵܣɼ԰˶ôѹ

534 ס

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СӲǼԦ׷ҲͿ˶ҩڸеĶҩ࣬ҪȻĻ
ôȥҲǸ취һҪһ취Щ롣
ˢˢˢ
ʱ԰ټƲ֪κδֵķɵðŭһ
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һ˫Ӳ֮⣬űڽеķģһĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϡΪʦ಻⣬ΪʦҲȻΪ⿪еɻ󡣡

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׼뿪Ľīδ㱻һϡīŽҪ˵һ뿪

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ҹɫУڵ˽е˼ɫ׼˯׼μտ֮ʱһɫϢ
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ʷϣ֮ŮܹοŮͬʱ˾ѵÿɹŮӱͬһн𡣡Ů˴ܰŮܰôۣǧеһĻô˼ء

542 ̼̫Ĵ̼

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ôˣΪƻܷеִҲΪˣӦý˾ٳδӦ١

̾һ̧ͷŷģԾ˵ŷǾ仰
䣬Ψһ˲ǷġĻԻһ˼ĲʲôΪһ˲Ƿġ

546 

Ĳеĺ⣬Ҳûн⻰˼ΪΡ
ʲô򣬲֪ԼøɶôȡǰԪĻᣬΪ˴֮ľٰ˾Ϳô
ϲߣ
εţôڱǰҲֻܷ˭ñ׷˼궼Ϸİ֮ˣȻҪˡ
ҲΪбӵĵڣĺε֮ʱƽǲıʹ˰֡
߹鶼εһֲٿصģȻһٽ˵ĺҺ̥֮Ҳ֮٣ɷεûꡣ
ƵȻȫվڷߣӵ
ĺεĻƱȻǰġ
ƵΪڶȫȫԺߣľ֮вΪơ
ǿΪʵϵľǿͿ˵Сֻܱ
һҲΪбӵĵͣһҲǽīȰ˵Ѿˣε֮ĳ޿Ļš
ҪĿǰԪ磬εԪ籱ҵˣԣ̬չȥǷǰԪ磬˵׼ʲô
īȻ˷ǸʲôԸŮˣƼΥԶڤ
ʵһʼ֪μֻ֮Ƿĵļƻ֮һ֮ĲܶԸ˵ģǷһѡߣΥԶڤȥҽİݡ
ɻһ仰֮ǰΣأοħ飬׷ɱİݣĸʺʱڤС
ԣһã˲εҲȻܻϸ꣬ȵԺǿˣǷַӵεǰô
īŷĵҡҡͷʾǧ򲻿Գ嶯¡
ǿڶĽʳУ˫ѪɫӿεеѾ˵һС
˵Ϸˣϣָоʮ˲ˬ
Ϊ˱ĺεһθҲΪ˱ѩƺ˻ԣдŷģīѩƺ뿪˵һ˵ǰԪ֡
УŽʧеļˣεĿƵϣҲƼƴδ뿪ĵ
ػҲмˣÿһΪǸ˵ӣѡ
òϷĳʮˣҲЩ˼ҲǶС˼ѣܿı㽫ͷɢ
ߣ˭Ҳ׵ĿģߣҪΪ˱
εĻеЦ˫кƸֳµһĻĻ
Ƭ֮ƻڣ˵һεǲĻ
ǲƵִţǲΪôõʱȥˣȴ֮С
֮䣬Ƶߣ˵ǿ˱̬ĳ̶ȣԵ֮Ҳ˾ǿߴʮغϡ
ճ˵ƵΪӦò˾뿪ƫƫʧֻ֮ص˶Ϊ˵ɽš
ͱ⣬ֱĵĳеһһС
ҲΪִƲδӦ١
ΪѣǷ¹ȥɹȥǷˣֺڡ
һǶǵĻ˵УǸֳһĨˣֻΪһˡ
ˣȥҲᣬīĺѩƺǰԪͽˡ
˻⣬˵˶֮ǰ֮ԼᱻԪϰߵĹ
εΪԪһ山һţӦúúð׵С
Ȼ֪ѡ
˵ףεЩġ
Լĵһһ׵ɽܣһ춫ɽźûӺô
ʵǰۣһھܻ˶ɽ
ǰԪ鱾Ȼȥ죬ҪȥԪ̸׵飬֮󣬱ʽǰԪ硣
Ԫ粢ǳȥĵطΧǿĽ磬ֻضʱضĵص㿪֮ʱ˲ǰԪС
ҲΪεҪ֮ŽԪϰԭ
ʱıҲ˵ǰԪһЩ顣
Ԫľŵľۼ֮أǶϾὫԼΪǿԪ硣
ҵ˵ԪΪʵķԾ
īΪ޼ɽ֪ȻҪȷĵ˶һЩ
˵ԪĴ֮˶ĵطһ̤Ԫ磬ȵ³ǰʱ򣬽ʮǿİ̬ܵ˵ľ
īǲ뱻ʲô˾ͰһߵﶼǰӵʵУǺ棬ǿеԪ羿ǸʲôĴڣ˶˷׷
īǳں棬ѩƺĿĸ򵥣ԪĻȥԪ磬ҪȻԲõö
ĵĿҲֻһԪڤ
ġ
˷ΪҪȥԪ磬ҲҪһ·ģԪ粢δѰ֮أڤˡ
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һ˫Ѫɫӣ³һ˵ԪԼڤ֡
Ԫ粢еôãΣգҲΪδԪĶǿߣܵ𾴣ΪԪŸǶ಻ʤ
Ԫ磬֮˵ãҲǵ
ԪϿ淨ҪȥҪ˼ֻ̤вϵŬԼ
뵱꣬ƣԼΪŵζܾۣɼԪдβпĶ
ĵĿȴԪΪɭϣ󷨲˵ڤ
ﵽԼĿģֻгΪ˾֮˷ɽڤ֮Уף
һ仰ýīһ£ԣȰĲҪڤεΣ֮򲻿³çֻгΪ˾˷ɽڤ
ǣȥľԪ磬Ȼڶ࣬ͻΪ˾ָ֮ƻԭ̤ھ֮⣬ٳûӦ١
Ҫȥڤֻв˾磬ڵǱ˵˾ˣĸֵı߶ϡ
лȰ棬һСĵġ
綼ġ
ʲô˾绹ɾ磬Ŭġ
ΪڤҪȥѰҵһˡ
һ
ˣһ顣
ƺʲôϵĳƵ˵
һԪ翪Żµʱ䣬֮ǿĴȵ֮»صɽɡҪ飬ϾԪҲԪĹ򣬾һνŴ򿪻µʱ䣬Ҳ˵µʱ佪īĺѩƺ˿Ĵߣȥûܹܵˡ

547 һ˵

ǰԪֱǷģīѩƺ
ϢһҲ˵ʲôǸоŤ
ѰգһЩܻóһЩǳָʲôĻ˭֪ˡ
ҲΪۿ֮һҵ顣
ɾзһĻһ׻ÿһ˵С
Ϊҵľܸһ෹̸ʣò˵ܺúõҧĽһõС˵ӡºúõķһ¡
ʵϣзȴùһ±ơ
̸ɣĸ˸ûʲôľУȫȫǿʯͷӲ˭˭Ӯʡ
̸ɣ־֮ʱζ쳣
˵ô뿪˶ɽºǰԪ硣
˵˵ˣ컹ۿ˽īĺѩƺ뿪˶ǡ
Ҳˣʱӿ˵Ӷĳˡ
ϧˣϹȻûӵĺãĺã˳عţĵ㲻ˣΪɶ˾Ϳϱӡ
һҲʣεҲ˧ֺãΪʲôӿε
棬ûʲô̸ǽԷ׷׶׼εͱˣƺҵ˷ܵһһһ׷ײ˻⣬ʼ˵֮ĶԹԹ
ʱģīѩƺ뿪Ǻü֮⡣
޴ķϣĸŲڱĽīͳһӹӿʼ
ͦó԰
ЩӶǰ͸·ϵʳԵģйӣиˮʲô֮㵽
ԭһİ汻ͼ˻ȥ˵Ҫ̳峤λã򲻹͵İҲֻǧ㲻Ըĸ׼
뿪֮ǰ֪Ҫ߹½һ׼ָСԣ˵һʮ˶ĵĻ
Ĵ֮ǰǿŰİ뿪¥
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Ƕᰣҵ峤ҲѧŰͽһжᰴϾڶ̱ʱУССһﶼǶͶӶܲġ
֮ĵڶ죬ᰱ㲻Ӱ¶ͶܸӶ˴۵С۵ĿŶԷ
߹½ʲôӵģ
ѩƺŷģĵļʲôӵĴڣɽɽˮˮͶǲһģһ
Ҳþûлȥˣ֪߹½ʲôӡ
߹½֮УöѾˣĻϲ߹½ͳƬء
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һĨЦ⸡ֶҲ֪ܵϺ⹫ôˣͽܺŮѧôйĺݺеˡ
ˣȻȥ֪ˡ
ϵı֪ɶīһƼŹӶѩƺϡ
ѿԷҲģȻƽ治Բ׷ŷġ
Դۣ۵Ҫ
Ů̫˲ˡ
ѩƺѩɶóԵô
ӦоС
ˣѩƺԽīʱһ̬ȣԷĵʱһ̬ȣҪǽīϰӣһΪѩƺڱ
µʱ䣬һ¾ȥ߹½һڴ֮ǰҪȻѩһˡ
ΪŶɽѵϡٶ֣ʱͻصѩǡ
ԶԶأ㿴ѩǵĳѩȺѩǳǰһ·ӭȺǸԵüúܡ
Ͼѩǳĳȡ֣ǰԪϰҫ֮±˵ѵһǧҲֻһѩȣҲǵɽĳϡ
ѩٴγţҲʸǰԪ磬ܲѩǵ˸ˣܲѩҵ˺úףһ
ѾͷϷ֪û
ͷ⻰˵ĿɲϲˣֲǱķ
īһ֪ѩʲôžţѩƺˮ¥̨ȵ£ûţΣ
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ѩŻ׵üͷǰһɫ۵СүȫϢˣҲֻ֮ĵڶīˡ
ѩλ޼ɽŽī˵УŪŪøӡ
ĽŽīһ仰ǵýī
Ůˣڰ㣬ô첲գͷĴ治졭
飡
һŴ˽īϣֻīһȣ˶ſѩУѩ
ٶ٣ѩᡣ
ʵ׽īǺģ̫Ƿˣ绵¶
һߵѩĽīŸ죬˵ʲôǱ˻ȥĹĵһţˣСӵĺӡ
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ðΣһӻֻ֣Ҳô
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;Ͷ˰ɣϷѾ׼ʳ
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һԵģīָ˾
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ϣǲߣүһ
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ǰһ뻹Դ׼˵Ľīʱ˿ȴ§ѩϵĲӣһ꽻ĺгѩլȥ
һԵİѩƺīѩϵӡ
һѩֻ·Ͼѩѩƺıңһ֮󣬵ڶ׼뿪
ѩҲ֪һȥ֮Ҳ֪ܼ֮ѩƺ
ӭ˵ĳǽ⣬ѩץסѩƺ֣鶼һүүӵĴȰ
Ԫ粻Լңүү֪ӳȡ
Щȹͷ
Ȼ仰ѩû˵ڡ
Ԫ֮úõܼ棬үүѩңǵ㿭顣
ѩ˿ĸ֣Ҳ֪ԪĲпᡣ
ŷŽīҲԼѩƺ
ȵԪ뿪֮գǲ֮ʱʱĶľ˵Ĵ˵
үүģһúõչԼúҫѩҡ
ѩƺǵһκѩ˵ô໰ŵѩϵɴ˫ЩܲϲĴ̼
ʮһ
ʮһ֡
˵˶ʮһ֡
ѩϵı𾪣վһԵĽīǲ⡣
ѩϣôһ˷ܵı顣֪ĻΪѩȢʮСϱء

548 Ϊʦ

īô˽ѩϸ˵ľͷҲûнѩΪʲô˷ܵԭ
ʼ˱ѩգϾѩƺңһؼҾ뿪
ѩϺͽī˴Ӽ濪ʼһֱȾƣǺĲòקŽīѩƺǣѩϻ߽īȳʲôë
ԽԶȥʧ˵С
ϵĽīֹѩǵĴжôôĴϧ˷һܺȾƵʡ
㣬ī˷ġ
ڻô
ԴǼ֮󣬷ı˲ƵëҲǲܺȾƣֻѰ˺Ⱦ屭ûʲô⡣
ֻǷĽӴƾʱ򣬱շֲ֢ǼµĲӡ

ܺȾƵʹ˸ең¼ƺĳඡ
ûдī̯ͼŶɽơ
ǧٶҪص߹ֻǼյʱ䡣
뿪֮һվȥ
޼ɽ
ǧ޼ɽУȻܵܵģµĺҲ֪ЩΡ
ǿеĵ֮⣬īο
İɣߵʱҰǧԽиʦʦΪ޼ɽû˸Ҷ
ǰʱǧԺĽʦʦΪǲƵĴڣȻֻ밲ĵ޼ɽһɨɮȴӦ١
ǧԣīǸġ
Ҫ֪߹½ʱ򣬹ĿصΪ˷룬ûкͽİһĻһΪ˼ҵķˡ
˦˦ͷԺӰ˵˼׵⣬īʳڴץһѹӡ
ʵڵ߹½㰲
˵߹½ǰȣȻжٵĻңɱ𶫾Σ֮أҪȫĶĶˡ
Ͼڶ־˵ĵط־ĲǱҪ˵Ķ߹½ûʲôʿ˱ˡ
ȥǣ
һص߹½һԹĺݵˣڽˣһͷĺƵ˹ƽҸҿԲᡣ
ǹһۣһ϶˷ģһӵ飬˵ʱ䣬ʮʱȥˣҲʲôı䡣
ȥĻһһμģŷĶԽİݵ飬ҪȻǰѾȡ֮ĵһԪǰڤ
ǰɡ
΢΢̾һīĿ⿴ŷġ
ʵҲ֪һλȥĿʲô
ڶķʱ䣬֮ħ֮ʱļ˽İһ棬ҲΪһ棬÷ļᶨǰԪڤľġ
һҪףľǶᱻ͵ԪϰҲֻһеѣ˭Ҳ֪ԪгʲôΣա
ҪڤҪﵽ˾磬ڵ˾绹Щ룬һԪ㲻֪ʱܳ
˵䲻ģƵǵ˴˾磬߹½һЩˡ
ʿԻĳãѰ˲ͬ
ҲǷҪ߹½ԭ
ǰ°׷ŮӭĪı֮ӷɢ
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ĿеǲֻǹģҲݣͽ⹫ϹϣԼǵѧԼеȵˡ
ʱܸıܶ飬һ֮ػһ̯׹ǣҲ˷ɻڴΪһ
֮Уڶ߹½ҲʲôΪѡ˽ֻгѡķͣȥһֱȥ
һλص߹½Ҫ⹫ǣһԪҲ֪òܻ߹½Ǹʱ򣬺ܶѾˡ
ӭķĿԶ紵Ŷϣһ˫֮м֮ɫ
ò˵ɽǧ˵ںϷ֮޼ɽ
Բۣ֪ôõĶӵʹӶɽ͵ԣʹӶɽüֻˡ
ֲãֲõϺھôľ߹½ԭšɻġ
īŻⶢ񣬶ŵܵظܵΣգͣĴų
ص޼ɽĵһµȻѰҷǧԡ
ǽ֮ܶͺעԵһ㣬˽Ĵʱ򣬲δǧԵӰӡ
ǧأȥˣ
ī޼ɽͽѯŷǧԵȥһ֮£ŵ֪
ŵĻʦǧԹ뿪ˣ˵Ҫǰľ֮ϰ򡣡
ʦǲж
ī죬бڶĻﶼһ仰ʦǲж
뿪֮ǰѾǧĪҪŷǧߡ
ǧ⺢Ȼ׿ԽϾûĽӴ֮¶һôõĸǡ
ʦãֱŷǧ뿪޼ɽϰ
ǸģʦȻģΪһģƱϱ̳ػҪһЩء
īֻסģҿοĲҪżʦһ÷ǧκΣյġ
ͬʱҲﰵԵʦ⹷⣬ߵʱѾֹһǧ飬ڵãԼ뿪ˣŷǧһ񲡣
ˣǧѾɳˣԼ·Ҫߣ޼ɽʦţҲѧٵĶ
ص³һ
һֱǧСӣǴǰڡ
ʱΪ˷ǧԲ˺ԸΪӣⲻ֪ǧѾԱˣֻһֱܱܵѡ
չһ仰ÿһ˶ԼҪߵ·ҲŷǧԣΪǧĵĵܵܡ
ԶԶԣľͺá
īҲǳ³һԾֹΪʦ
ֲñʦΪ߳ôʦûܵţʦΪ޼ɽţ޼ɽͻ̯ˡ
޼ɽûпǧԣͣһգڶ峿Ϸǰ߹½
ǰԪ绹µʱ䣬Ҳ˵ǿ߹½εµʱ۷ضǰԪ硣
ȥ
֮ϣīŷһվĿĵ

ֻӷĿ¶
һϤİۡ
ǰĻ治ϵػţһһж췢һתš
һʼղδѩƺһ۷ģ˵ʲôīҡҡͷʾѩƺ죬ڲ˵ʱ
Էڻǰ飬ǲҪȽϺá
޼ɽɣһֱŽķȥ
˵ｪѾˣ·ϷһЩС⣬ȻҲ˲ٿоյｪ

549 һ֪

˸ӵģӻȥʱһë
īôҲ뵽޼ɽǰ·ϾȻдٵġ
ǵȻ´ٵˣɴǵĶһȺޣޡ
˹ˣ߹½ʲôʱһȺ͵ķݣͷȻȲ񣬿ˣٶȿ죬ҪȻһȺݸˡ
Ҳıϵ
Ѿ˽ĹַǷ
˳ǰʱǵ߷׷׶˿ָָͣʲô
Ȼ۵ĿֻһˣǱǷġ
īѩƺҲǲ˳ָķŷģҲûʲôֵĵط۾۾ǱӣС椳ûﲻԾˡ
ףϹŵŮһģһ°׷ǲɽ㽵ˣ
ô
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ˣǽ˳ǽ̩񰲡
Ǻԭŷָָһ˷׷׹˵ϣǻʵ۳һ㡣
үҪҪҲ¡
īһߴȤŷģһߺ˵
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Ҳǲ⣬ŹһصĽڣ΢΢üͷ
ӽ뽪ſʼһ·϶¹ˣʵֳûһ˿һĲ
˵⵽ôˣ
˲ʱһٵص˶ߡ
Ϊ׵һ³ϱŴ󵶣ĵʱ򣬼Ĳǰͨһϥ˵ϡ
ְʺ󡣡

ǰ˲˭Ĳϥص
վĿ⿴ŷԼˣһ˿ʧĹâ
ȻǱĲ׽ˣΪˣΪİûй
ҴӦһ
ڽİݲδţȵһι֮ʣվŵһнİݡ
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񽪹Ļʺ»ص˽ҲʹʹѾˡ
Ǹࡣ
ĺĵһ䣬ĿĲǵĻʺ󣬴ǿһѶѡ
һλǿһǣºұ뽪īѩƺǰԪУȵ˾֮ձǰڤѰҽİݡ
Ǿ仰ȴԪ֮˭Ҳ֪Ƕ֮飬һλǿ˰ˡ
Ĺ֮£İҲȻĵġ
ǽİ֪֮¾ҲһῪĵġ
ʺҪô
Ĳ㳤֮ʱеį֮Ũһ֣һԵĽīѩƺ˶һۣҲһ
û˵ƣΪҲ˵ʲô˵ԼҲ׶֮ҲȻ˵ʲôԽĻ
ǵġ
Ҳףôһҽһôѵ顣
ǰѾˣҲΨټȥˡ
ŽİҲ˵ʲôϾ̤磬ЩȨ˵ûжôҪˡ
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ػʺĻеѾһ֮ǰ뿪ˡ
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ʮ˸еҲȻŷĵֱһн죬ʮ˼һҹʧ
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ڿʲô
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ػʺĻְڿʱʺƺδб仯
ָǷĵ䣬ǰĳ֣ٵĳ֣ʮʱ䣬ֻǱóˣ첻ϡ
⻰īЦ
Ҹ㴵ƾǻʺΪһԣʲô仯ġ
ī˵ŷļһҲһ˫ʮ껪Ůһ崿ʵľǸڵҪļթŮˡ
Ȼ仰ǲ˵ġ
һꡭ
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˶ֻһЦѣţٹһ꣬Ļڵķģʲôı䣬ֻǾפΪǴ˵ж׫Ķѡ
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ʾҲȻǶ֪еĻǱºͱĻʺ󣬿ô׫Ϊɣ㲻֪ˡ
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ǰһĻĻٴγ֣Ǿǧķ֮ʱİֻǧ֮ʱǶֵ̿ʱǶһõĻ档
ǲԾĸֳһĨЦ⣬ЦвŻҸǱЦݡ
ŨŨĺҹУһ̾Ϣ𣬷żϣһ˫ѪɫŻµĹâ
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վĿϤĻ棬ת뽪īѩƺʧҹɫ֮УֻһֱŷıӰվԭأѾӰķ򡣡һ𣬲֪òҲһ

550 ˽

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һֻɽҰܳ;еʱȫС
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֪ôǴһʼĹıڵĵǣڵĲ飬ڵȷ˲мԺӪλǷǵǮơ
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Ȼ˵ԱĹһӻˮǸԣɺô޹ȥܳĺܻǵǮ
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еĹ̻кܶϸڣԽīԸȻѰ˶֣һ˵ЩֵĻŻѰ·ɡ
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ҽʦ֮˵˺ͷͬĽۣǱסˣѾû֮ˡ
ҽʦһЩҩҲеӵѽҽʦҽʦ˼뿪ˣΧ۵Ĵȴû뿪
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߿˵ʱ򣬳һǰ󡣡壬ǳҳܲҪⶼʲôʱ˻Ǯ顣

551 ˳Ӧɱ

֪Ҫ˵ʲôҲ޸ԱĹӵġ
Сӹ顣
ĳ˳һۣҪһǮǮȻںˣǿǼӵ飬һŮӣɶǮǮǡ
޸ԱĹӣҶá
У˭ҪǸҶҳһ׼
ʢѪյĺӸǽ󣬲׼κ˴ע⡣
˫۸Ǻͳ˵ĶԻʲô˼ڸмͬʱҲһھʧ
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ʱڳֹ˵ȥʱһ죬ӵĽŲѩŹӼ˸Χ
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Ҫǰȥ˭֪ȴԱĴһ߿
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ԼԼɣһѾͷ㿸ţ˼ô
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Ūģôүеɱһ޶ô
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ī󿪣һΪ˼ٲҪҲ˳װСơ
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үϲǰԳӣֻӲǱ˵ӣô
ͳ˱үˣ˸һ֣ܱүĻɢ
֪һ׹һʲôˣѵɰ
ֻɲŻˣ
ԱҲˣ飬û뵽ȻӦڶϣӱɸŪˣ˵ʲô
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˵Уһ뿪֮֡
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ȻԱһһˡ˼Աˣһ׷׹ڵģŽīǣҲʲô¶֮ź

552 ʲôʱ

ԱˣīҲûʲôҪװȥҪֻһ㣬ΰŮˡ
ڴǲܵģŮҪĺҲͬġ
īһԱ£סҪܵˡ
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Ƕһīǵ֣ŵīߣɵĽš
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ǰүүӵĶˣīмֱģ֮顣
Ҳԣһ͵سõĵط
길Ůǳڴ棬˵Ҳֻн갲ŵسǣȥܸõĵ
ô˵ЩѩΧʱĳִǻؼңȺķ˺衣
ȻֻǴֲ赭ִ˼ȵκν鱦Ҫ
ԭҲ뿪ʱһЩǮΪرڿƵİ길ŮԼѵѡ񣬱ϾԱӵǽīһɵġ
ǷծǮɱ˳쾭壬Ҫǰسǵȥ̫ү˵һ˵¼ľŲ길Ůͳ
ǣȥ졣
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ģīѩƺҲ֮á
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̫ү֪˽ī֮󣬾ȻҪһݣīԷط˳̩񰲡
ǶѰһӣƵİ꣬һֱڻе겢֪ԼѾ뿪˳ԵСɽسУסůĴ档
ĺԺͥ⣬ĽһǮУͳѡ
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ĲƻϹеһڴʵһֱ֪ϹϹĺӣϹԼʱϹҵĲŲѽԭĸ͵ϹҲ벻ֱϹƽϹҲһеĵѰĸϹˣԭҲˣֻʣ˶ڷˡ

553 ߰

ɣϹĶԴϹĸ˵ģڱǧԵϣΪ˷ĸԸΪеһ̡
ȻǰԴϹһһϣٽ⹫Ϲ֮⹫Ľ
ֻǡһʱЩݿ飬Ĺϵάүеаˡ
ǶΪһñеˣʵϣҲвóеķʽ
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֪һЩԪҲ˵һҪǰԪϰǺΪĲϹҵ߹½
ߵʱһЩΪ߹½ĸ֡
ûҵô
ŮǰĿΪѰҶڤĽİݣˣԭΪİҵˣӣĻûҵǸˡ
Цţ΢΢̾һѪɫĺмį֮⣬ת˲䣬ɫһȡ֮һֱĵ׵ļ֡
ҵģȡ֮ǰºҪǰԪ磬ڤھԪ棬ֻҪϰ˾磬Խڤ
˵ŽڤķϹûдϷĵĻţŮеļͣͺһģ鲻ĿĲݡ
ϹƱһ
׷ĿеĻһλǼһˣһԪ磬㲻֪ܻʮ꣬һ꣬Ǹʱ䡣
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Σܿƽ⹫ıˡ
Ԫ֮ǧţֻ۸˵ķݶ˲۸ǣ֪
İ⹫ŮҲһ۸ˣԲƾ⹫
Ķ豭ԲƾϹϹžƱүȵǽһˡ
һԵĽīѩƺһֵۣ֪ùߵԸԴͷˣƢѹַĵԸˡ
ϣĺϹڶ淢飬ϹҲ˵߹½֡
ۿɫĺϹƻ˯˲˷䡣
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ī̾һķĵļſڴһǷ
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һʱ˵ĹУϹˡ
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ԴһҲټһgǿƽһоѾ֪ˣ֪ˡ

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ı룬ټһһлշϻǰϥأһʦ˶ĵ˼

555 

֮꣬һγǰ
ֱڻǰһУķľʵʵڵģԼĻþ
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ɶʱģô֪ͨһϷ׼׼㰮ԵĲˡ
ϼЩ״ΣҪȴ־ֶ
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ϣûгԵķˣ³
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Цţڷ߽˳Сһŷڶ顣
ŷʱúòãû۸ҵ˽İݵȵȵĻ⡣
һһĵĻشʵ⣬ӽ붫ʼ˵ɽμ֮˽İݣȻֻǶ̶һ˲䡣
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һ㲻֪òܼ棬͸СүǶеһ񣬺ԡ
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ض

ݡ
ϡԴһҲˣϣܱء

556 ټ

̫̫Ļ˵̫̫꣬塣
ϵĽī̾һġ
ߵվҪˣʹٲҲҪȥ
ģ߰ɡ
ѩ׷ɵľͷӰʧһƬããС
ԭ˯ŵϵ˴ʱĿȥ
Ѿͷ۷ʱʲô飬㶼Ҫƽǡ
ǳǰ߾
ֱ죬ѩ赲˵ĽŲ粽С
ȵﶫ߾ʱѾʮ֮ˡ
ոս붫߾ĳţɫĴѩ֮УһɫĿӱվڷѩеȴĳˡ
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ô֪һȥ˽㡣
һһ䣬ĻصڷĶߣһֻԷһˡ
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֪Ļص඼Ϣҹڴһμ棬ʱ޿̲ļʱҪ˵ʲôҪʲô
һ򵥵ʺҪ˵Ļ
˵ڶ߾̣ҲҪ߾
ЦţŹģʱڹδйʲôı䣬еȴԾɵš
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ɵӣܸо˵һ˵ֻôĵطѾմ޷װ±ˡ
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Ϊĳֽɡ˵ԼİŮӵĹк˼֮⡣
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֮ˣǰŷĵģҲԹ޻ڵΪ
ԣģ˼ҵļҲϸ֮ǰС
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ЩѾ˵ǧٴΣԪ󣬵ҵİݳ֮ʱ߹½治ڻ˵ݸοЩˣĶΪһˡ
ˣΪŻᱻ֮ΪˣѪĶʲô
ʱУĶڶĺҵĹ˵Լ顣
ҸҪˡ
ḧűĹһĨЦı֮顣
ٶĸٶ˵սһ̡
תŹģ΢΢ſҪ˵ʲôȴһֹ˻
ȥɣȻѡ˱һֱ·ηȥ۷ʲôҪǵãңԶ߹½һֱ֧㡣
ѩ֮УЦǰᣬҲͬв޵ͬ顣
һʼ֧Լİ֮ˣһԸһҲԹ޻ڵˡ
ϳɡǣŷĵ֣ӡ

557 һ

ȫµһ̣˷еĺ⣬Ҳͬе˼Ͳ̡
ɰһˣҪſֽȥ׷һС
ıˣΪ˷ģԸС
۷İǲԼ
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վԭؾôĿţʧõʱ䡣
ѩڹĵϣķ䣬ǰС
֪ãǲ̵ǰ
Ѿˣǻȥɡ
š
һ̫̫˵׵вС
һ
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ɫӰѰӡǳǰţأǷѩӡ񣬹һͣԭأһĨЦڴ֮ϡ
ģԴ֮ұδ˵Ұ㡣
һһˡ
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ԳЦŨҵĸУ̧ͷɱѩϡ
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Խ֮һĻĻǰõģģϲãġ
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ʱһֱ޴ɫĴųǰǷȻҪһ࣬ɢƯɫëȸһ
ε˷һۣ˵
סˣŶ½򲻿֮£ѾҺ˸ǵĵʦԴ֮һжҪӵʦİš
֪ˣ֪ˣµġ
īͷĻ˻֣ı󣬷ĺѩƺҲϷ
Сġ
ĿŷģһŮı飬оһҪ޳һ
˭Ҫ۸㶼СȵΪʦǰԪʱһǵƤ
ƵĻ˵ģҲ˵Ԫʹġ
Ȼ仰֮ԪʹһεЦ⡣
ɼǵõνԪŪ췭ظ飬ǲҾ徵һĻĻǰ
ڿնֻһɫľ޴ӰԽСֱʧбһ㡣
վڶɽɽǰıںһΣǰԪĵʦǺˡ
Σ˵ĵʦǺˣ
½Ԫ
򵥵ֳ֮ƺͱ˵ɫ׷һ䣬ű㿴һ߳εԴһţȼ֮
ΣСҪʲô飬˵㶫ɽǱҲ밲á
ϱ̳زʶģſǰԪõĵʦˣ㲻мžˣԹ¡
ô˵ţȴ͵ЦһĻȻӲˡ

̾һ˵һ½ԪʦȷȷʵʵԪǿĵʦûǡ
ˣ⸣֮֮ǸǻͿСһԼ컯ˡ
˺˱ˣǧôСƵġ
ű𣬱նҪСһˣɽ㣬Сġ
бţһȥݺݵؽڵĦ֮һεûжǸơ
ι˵ñŸһõʦ
Σܲ˵һ䡣
ҪĹƤ
УΪΪˣž㣬ܰ˭˭
򽣹ڡ硣

558 Ԫ

ģѩƺͽī˳񣬸ԪʹǰպҪϰĵط
ʮյγ֮ϵķĸ·ĳУɵø̾š
ʱ򣬾߹½Ӵ
ɵʱ߹ôС
Ԫ磬˵ĸܡ
Ԫ类ľӵУľֱԪ綫ϱĸ˷λ
ʱԪı߾ţڴһȴܸܵǿĽ֮˸ۿڴ
˲ΨһһִԪۿڵˣ׷׶½½Ĵ£гϺ˷֮⡣
Ԫô
ϸԪ磬ӴһִУǸоԼСɳеһССɳ֪δ
ǷĻѩƺǽī˶ܸоǹǿ͸еſÿһëС
ŰɣһеʦӦǡ
ǰԪ·ϣʹߺ˵Ԫ顣
Ԫ֮ǿ󣬱ΪĵλþѣʺʿϰԪΧһ㿴Ľ磬ֻʱǽ翪֮ʱǰϰѧǲſԽԪ硣
֮һĵǲ⣬ǱȽϺıǶɽſ˵ǸʦǺҲʹҲԸ̸۵ʦ
ڽһЩ֮Ԫʹ뿪ˣֻ·ѩƺͽīվԭɵɵĵŵʦӦǡ
ǴӽԪ絽ۿڿʼɫȫҲʦӰ
Ԫ˶ʦߣΨɵһɵ㶵վԭء
˵Ǹʦǲǳˡ
ҲΨ˵ʦΪλٳٲ֣īɴ˸λϯضνĵʦ
ɫԪ磬Ҳ˵ϡ
ۿʱһһĹȥǵʦ֡
ǷҲûģûеʦָԪ޷㡣
ʱһӰǰһɫľɳϴĶףǸʲôɫ
žƺߵߣµĿ˷һۡ
ǾǶǰɣǵĵʦ߰ɡ
˵ţ̧ͷžƺ͵عľˮ
ˮ˳½У̧һббĿһۡ
ߣԼȥɣǵðʰʰ
£Щͷתȥ˷Ӧʱ䡣
ǵʧеӰ㿴ҿ㡣
ѵǵĵʦ
ҪҪЦ
صʱǿɶǿУÿһʦڽӵԼѧʱŷЦݱжôŨˡ
һʺһУЩͰЩ˵ԼĶԴ
ǵĵʦһƹһԼǰ
˵ʲôطĺôҲһȷеĵַ
·ɡ
ӣԪ绹Ϥҵ֮֮ء
ѾǺҹ·ϵٵĿһ·ķ֪Ҳ޼
λ̨֪ôô
ҵһˣļǰǷ֪ĵַĵӰµĹͣ˽ŲѰͷȥĵʱһ˫ЩĲ죬ܿģеɫΪٵʧȡ֮ƽЦ
⡣
ôǵһɽϣҪȥĻҿԴ·
лλ̨ˣм
ĵĸл¹ӣȲҹ˳ĿʲôһжûκεĹϵҪıѰҵ֮ڴӳ顣
ÿҲҪǰһЩ飬ǵĿ񱾵ˡ
¹ӿеıָԪˣҲֻЦЦ˵˾ǰϰѧӣ㽫ˡ
ɫʱǸ¹ɽϵ
ˣȻλСѾˣұˡ
л̨ٴμĻᣬҵһ̨
һ·ĵ֪¹ӵֽ㣬ʲô㲻ö֪Ҳùʡ
Žʧеˣģīѩƺ˻عһν
һʵĳǰĽΨưܲĸַڹͳĳ
һټլӣ峿Ĺâ£լԺвľңȻ޽ƻֺ꣬˲֪ҳĸǡ
סĵطôסɡ
ʱ򣬽ī;εϼһթһȻӦˡ
εϱ̳ŷǣ㲻֮ʲôֽţҲҪԪ粻ðȡ
Ҫ֪һõĵʦһ˵һôҪ飬һ뵽Ǹʦ˵üͷ
ǰҲԪУǧΣϾڤһ֡
ɵˣʰһ°ɡ
̾һ˻࿴һ֮δܳһʱ䶼Ҫסĵط
󲻴ҲСҲһʮ鷳顣
һҹδ˯ƻ֮ʽļ䷿ʰ˳
̱˵˱űڵϣŻȻһµﻹͦ
࡫
ˡ
ѩƺӷ޹һѾһһҹûôԳԺȺȣֻŵȺʦԼɨ
ȥһٰɡ
ǸǴڱүһͷţܳȥ
˶ˣɽ֮һȽķݾͲ͡
λĺܣǴɽˣһ䣬λɽѧô
С̣ȫ˵Ĳˡ
Сô֪ɽѧӡ
λʣСĴһ֪λѰ֮
СЦţһ̲˷º󣬲ֻһЩƷ
ƹ͸λƷ
͸ǵģ
ļŲ͵УĿϵƷǵһݣƹԵ޹͸ƷЩ˵ȥɡ
ԣλɽѧӣɽѾкöûѧɽˣǼƹ⡣
˵ɣƷС뿪ˡ
԰ɣһᶼˡ
Ͷǰ󱳵Ľīǻʲô˼ץһ
һȥһӵĲֻʣ߰˰ˣƹҲɽѧϣŻݡ
λߡ
ݵƹĿͷȥ֮󳤳̾һ
ƹģɽ궼ûѧˣ˱ָɸ½Ԫĺô
˭֪أɻȥɣⶼӦʵ顣
˻صɽѾһʱ֮ˡ
ɽӵԪߵɽϣ֮Уһɽ·֮⣬˵һжʱԪʹߺ˵ԪֻдûﶬԪֱ

559 ǾǶ

һʱ䣬ƣһһҹ˯˹ȥ
һӰ֪ʱص󣬵ǰһ̣ŲȻͣԭȾƵĶǲһ¡
漴һĨԳЦ⸡ڴǣ½ԪͷžƣĽ
ڶգ峿
һ磬˸ճϷ㿴ʹ߼ææ߽ĴУһĿˡ
ôѧǶѾԪۼˣͲˡ
ɶʱ顣
˾һ±ƣʲôѧӶԪۼͲˡ
ʣʹҲˣ½Ԫһû֪˽Ҫȥ֮ܽ¡
һһ˵ɣһЩ
Ǻճһڷ˼ææĸʹԪȥ
޴ϣĽīѩƺ˿ǰĳ֮ʱ׷˫ۡ
ģڵıͺѽ԰һģһ
˵ӡ֮УԪ֮أɵҡϵʱǲŷ֣ɽ֮ƲȻһС
ʹ߸о𾪵ı飬ĺһ½Ԫûк˵κ顣
ԪһΪ߽磬ھס²Ҳ߽磬ҪȥԪڵһ磬ҲԪΪׯ֮ء
񲻶ϵķҡϣ֮ϾȻеڶ޴ĻֺĳС
ǲȱô
īѾ֪ʲôԼˡ
סôߵĵطЩ˾Ͳȱô
ߵɽϣͣʹʾ˸ǵ
һ·ϣƶԵľ޴ʯׯ£һεѹ֮˵
һֵŵĸо
ī;Լǽţһʴڵ칬
ԣָо
һȥ֮Ҫ˵ôǾôô
֪ˣлǰ
ʹߵֽкУԪʶĵһˡ
ǺеĻһܽ䡣
νܽ䣬ԪѧǽԪУǰ˽̻壬򵥵˵Ǹûǿͱ𵽴¡
λȻľţԪ֮и̲ˣĴԪĹأǾֻб˵³ˡ
ڣܽոտʼʱ򣬷ѩƺͽīںеĴ²ŵԪ
ԪĴ˷˺ͺ֮⣬ܼһʮˡ
һȻɶȱˣҪȻÿһֻ֮˽Ԫ硣
Ԫ룬һ׺Ӱ׷ѵ˵ʱ򣬻׵üë΢΢һ
ǵĵʦء
Ű׺߷˵Ŀ׷ڷϡ
ߵʻò˻شüͷĸ
Ϸ⣬ǵʦ˭ںδΪûһǰܽ䡣
˵ĻҲƬ̣ǻ֪ʦɶطôǲǰô
ضϵĻ½ԪϢ
ô˵ѧ½Ԫͽܣ
ᵽ½Ԫֵʱ߱ŵüͷšһţĵʦˣǿһŷˡ
ˡ
ţǾˡ
һǾˣ׷£÷һͷˮ
˵ЩеĳЦ֮ⶼǸʲô˼
ԣǳЦֻĳЦ֮⡣
ʲô˼
֪
Ҳֻܸоõеĳô֪е˼ΪΡ
һͨƪ֮˸źʹ߳ϷԪĴӵһɻ˵߽硣
ǰһ½Ԫʦ顣
ˣĻʳ˿ڣ·ϴγԷķ֮ʱ˲ס˺УѯŹ½Ԫ顣
ǰȾƣûж⣬ֻǴӽԪ翪ʼ˵ʦһ棬ҵʵ಻⡣
ΪǰľƱ̬֮Ͽҡ
п˿ģƱһ͸¶һЩ½Ԫ飬Ͼ½Ԫѧӣҷͽܡ
֮УһȽϺá
ǵĵʦ½Ԫ˵ԪΪ⣬½ԪԪ޵֡
һ仰˵½Ԫţ֮ĵע⵽˺˵һ䵱꣬תҲ˵ں͵½ԪȻͬ
ʵˣн֤ʵ˷ĵĲ롣
Դ½Ԫɭֹ֮ʣӴһ겻񣬲˻˵һ緢䵽߽
ԪΪ߽磬һǰվʵ֣ǰߵ֡
µϣ߽ΪͣһƣԽһ磬ߵΪԽĿֲ
īԾɶԺеĻʾɵ̬ȡ
Ǹƹǵһĸ֣Цذɡ
ǰϺû½ԪӣǸֵļƣȫȫһȶ˵ѡ
ǰǷ֪½ԪʦϷʲô飬½Ԫʦ㡣
ΪеЦ
֪ˣʦԼԪеΪˣ׷½Ԫϡ
ҾͲö֪ˣǸɣһЩ֮û֪ʲô
ˣǰһһҪ
˵ţΪһˮ
֪ڤô˵ǸֲܿĴڡ
ʵǿֲڤ¼жħľۼ֮أӡһ֮أûн˾˽֮ضᱻ׻лҽ
֪䣬б˻
Щʲô
ûɶǺѣǰȾơ
һһľˮ¶ǣлҲЩ
һһŷѩƺͽīһƢԪ粻ȶڵ߽磬ĸҲСһܶԸ˵ģοǱڵĴڵ߽С
лǰ
ƹѲ֮󣬷ںеصɽ
ŷϵı飬ī뿪Ц˵š
ھԪУȥڤǳ飬һЩԵ飬ô
֪İɡ
ЦţʾԼԲ
յʱ䣬˶ûм½ԪӰӣ½ԪϿ֮顣
Ǻиڵ߽гݣЩ鼮ǻ治֪Ͼʱδ򷢡
ݺܴ󣬺Ͷʮһ͵ͼݲ࣬ż鰲ڽпصĹѩƺſ˯īһͷģŶȡ
үڶʮһ;Ͳϲ飬ȻҪ顣
Ȼҵ½Ԫô
ѧӶеʦָǵĵʦʬʲôӣҲֻѧɲˡ
뿪Ԫ֮󣬱үһҪúýѵϱ̳ء
˱ΰһ뿪ԪʱһҪεÿ
ιǼǶţҿҲôôʱһ͸ŨŨ֮ʮֵš

560 

Ƶڿķ̧ͷѰ߹ˡ
ԪܽʱˣûмǴĻ˱Ԫˡ
ҡҡͷʾ⽪īҪ
߰ɡ
Ľ˯˵ѩƺ뽪īתҪߣ˭֪˾Ȼס˷˵ȥ·
ʲôߣô
ųһţס˷˵ȥ·ţƺѾ˵һС
ʲôô
ǰˣѯǿʲôôûеĻÿһ·
ʲô飿Ȼˡ
Ϊ׵ǰһһѿס˷ĵǿķ΢΢ʹ
˵г
˵ʱǷĻǽīѩƺ׷üͷ
תһ룬Ԫʿеţ֪ĳҲʲô¡
ΣûΡ
һ֣ǣĴֱ˦˭֪˦žһǰǾ֮ѩƺͽīһ赲ǰͽıڻʾռȨ
ΣҾ㣬ӽ쿪ʼžŮˡ
Ǻǡ
Цţһ˫Ѫɫ˫ĿŽžˡ
ƾô
ƾңΡ
һŮɣžǲˬ
Ϊżҵţֻ˵ķݣбķݣǰķľȻ
ģ˵ôɵһȺһȺģ֪ԼûҪװƣ֪װƲɷݵ³жôô
īһ仰ɾ˵žˡ
ڣž˶š
žҷĵĿĺܼ򵥣Ҫž¯յõΪɡ
ˣûд
˭˵ĵΪƾ˽İԼʦϱ̳أ˷ĵˣԺӾԲù
֪жôͽܣҲĸԸػļڶ֪ıżҵһͷˣضȻ嵽żҲ˵׼
ī֪˭ƾһСС޼ɽҲʲô
žͰѷĽīѩƺ˵յһп˵Ԥƺõġ
ֻҪռΪУΪȻͻƣڶʱһһ硣
ðǾһܣүҪʲôͣ˵ɣȺŹǵ
ī׼ս
⼸еĶҪùˣòǻǣ̣˵ⲻǡ
ѩƺˣû˵һֵѩƺѾ˴ܵ׼ֻҪһ£ͽī˶ȻὫžڵĦ
صأֹ
׼ž˶ֵʱһϤ
ѰϤȥǵָɽ㡣
㱧һ飬ŷž
Ǻˣҹܱү顣
žĿʮֲƣȻǱû¶еˬ
磬㡣
ԪΪ߽磬߽Ϊһ㣬ʵһϡ
ž㵽ֵʱе˲٣˱ĸֵʱеȫȫʧȡ֮ǹȰЦݡ
ԭǵǰžǰ
Ԫһ壬Ԫ֮ǱҵűΪ
һٸҲҺͱҵ˶Կڵûͱҵ˿⡣
ַֻãվȻ˱ҵǰȳ
вʵž´ζȻҪŪ֡
žߣһıġ
Ǹұ֤ղĴˣǰ˻ġ
صأŹ
㽫е鼮£һžˡ
ȥ֮ʱ׿úýһӦеǣһұ㲻ǣ߰ɡ
лǰ͸ˡ
ž˲ʵĿһģתȥ
л̨ȡ
û뵽ǰǱ㣬Ͷɽųͬһ壬˵硣鼮мҲ˽⵽Ԫ߽Ļ֣ܵԪҪһжôļѣе˺ķѰٰʮܴӵ߽磬иһҲֻ
˵߽磬µµΪһջ
лأܽ˶˾֮ˣû뵽ǰıѾ̤ĵ硣
֮͵飬οһжС
ƵЦţ˿һԵ鼮
ãµĻҰЩڷŵϿɺá
Ӧġ
ĺˬӦϾûбֵĻǺܻܿžúܲң鷳齫Լα֡
ǣ˿еЩ֮ʱһϵıЩӲš
һЩôһֿô
Ǿ鷳λˡ
Цĺºͣȫûиļ˷ĻᣬôЩڷŵ滻飬˺ãͶְһæ
Ǻģīѩƺ˴һ糿ݿʼֱ϶ûгһʱ䶼ݰڷ鼮ˣе鶼ڷϣ۵ڵϴ
ˣˣЩˮ
Ц˫ۣ˼ˮ͵ǰ
ˡ
ʱĸһûһţҲ÷ĵ˱ֱ̨ӽǡ
ǰôݿ磿
īЩ⣬ߣһôܵ˵߽ͼԱˡ
ǰճȥһЩ飬뿪֮ʱǡ
˵˵ʱҲ׼뿪߽ȥµʱΡ
ǵʦ½Ԫأ
ŷ½Ԫţղݵͬ˵ÿնûݡ
׶ӦǵʦڵΪӣȴܡ
ˡ
ī˻֣ʾⱱ˵ˡ
ʦϼһ棬ʱ䶼û½ԪӰӣʦƨɣ
ī²½ԪҲ½ԪЩ֣ÿһμΪʱἰ½Ԫ֮ʱΪֻǳĬֻǸҪչһ½Ԫ
½Ԫÿ첻ǺȾƾ˯ǰʱ˵Ϊҵ½Ԫ𣬲ǰУӸ½Ԫѧӡ
ڵƺǺֹۡ
ǰˣžǵһηԺ󻹻Ƶ龰Χڷĵߡ
ϾõĲֻž
ݺͱһᣬظ׼ɽ·еʱһһˡò˵Ԫط㣬һʮʺĳҲ̫ôĹˡ

561 裬Ҷ

۹ʲô̶ȣڶһͨͨĴ׶ʮļǮ
ҪԪϺܳһʱ䣬ʡһǮһǮ
Ǻһ˱һһһӣĶ⣬׼ɽԼԡ
˵ֻҪзڣǰͷīѩƺҲԵýζ
˻ص֮󣬷ıֻûʼȺĽīѩƺԹԵһԣģ˵ȴԷӡ
ι˵һڣ裬үүӡ
īԼүүıԼŮѩƺԼӡ
ѩƺԼҪ˵Ļ֮͸Ũҵıӣ֮мӡ
˵⸱ȷȷʵʵȴͶʳܺӡ
ˣһӷˣ׼ӵʱĴűƿ
֨һΪѰȥһҪȻʧ˶յ½Ԫ
Ծһϴķ׵ĳ߰һǵǻҳ
ſӣĿ⿴½Ԫ½ԪվſžƺĿͬˡ
ݵĳĬ֮Ϊ˻ʱΣĿѯ½ԪҪҪһԡ
ĸԼģֻһʶѣ˶ѣˡ
ǣǲԽƽ½ԪеľƺϣԼҲǰֱץ˷ˡ
˫ͻĴմȾŲ˷˲ûʳ
½Ԫʦӡ
ĽеĿӷ½Ԫǰ½Ԫȴûģץŷˡ
һӵĲ˱½Ԫһ˳Եøɸɾѩƺʮֵ
ѩƺ˵ԷķмΪҪ飬һӷ˱½ԪԹˣѾγѩƺҪ½Ԫͬھ
ڽīæקסѩƺûе²Ұķ
극½Ԫߣǲˡ
űɨķīѩƺĿ׷ɨġ
֪֪ˣȥ档
ĴӦ˰ɣ
Сʱ֮󣬷Ķһ±صУԼһ룬ʣһ趼īѩƺʳĸɸɾ
˵ʦҲװ
īС½Ԫպе˵Ԫһ˱Ϊ֮⣬½ԪΪţơ
ڣ½Ԫϵ￴ؤûʲôؤ½Ԫ֡
ͬʱҲ÷Ľī˺棬½ԪϷʲôȻһ䵽ء
棬ĺ档
գԾɴǰݡ
ƺ֪ҪѾǰź˸ԵĹ
հЩͺˣΪһһЩ鼮Ǳҵط򲻵Ŷ
ԱطΪеĳƨ½Ԫָˣǿñ㵱ʦҲǸѡ
Ϊνؼֿʼ˰Ļ
ɰŰţһƲһŹ鼮һд֮
֪䣬ķı㿴һʱ䣬ŵһδӴ֪ʶ
ڿʲô
ڷĵ󣬵ŵ鼮֮ʱɫɵһ飬æⱾӷߡ
ԪĽɣôڴˡ
ɣ
ʵĲ֣ħ޵飬ͻȻˣǺ벿ֵݡ
ԣⱾԪĴдǺ˷޷ħޣڤ֮С㲢ûⱾ˭֮߷ģд˱Ԫţ˵еļƷκβħޣڤҲڤħ֮
һģħ
㲻⣬ⱾôӦñ˲ǡ
Ȿ㣬ҲΪ͸ǵġ
˵ţ㽫һɫƤ˷ģ鱾дűķ
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ÿӣҪȻûóԡ
һֹ½ԪҽһˬӷǰǽƬ̺½ԪùĵݹĿӣòùӳԷƿؿӷʱЩ衣

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½ԪûץʳԣѩƺͽīҲ˵ʲô
һ߳ŷһŹպԴ顣
ҸղŲһЩھ鵤Ϣôţ˵鵤ȻҪõѪ
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žʧеӰ˫еɱԽŨҿ
ܺãžţǰľűϣҪﵽѾǲܵˣҲΨкľˡ

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³һѩƺͽī˷ֱվλ
յľᣬҲûоԵİܽԷһսǽһս
СӦԡ
˰˫׼ӦԽҵսǾҲԽƽۿžҪ嵽ǰ
ֵһĻˣԭѾ嵽ǰ׼˳ԵľһɲҪͣʲôΣյĶһ㡣
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Ȼһϴķ׵ĳ˳ԣԹԵ£ӳŷ
Ҳǰ׼һ˫̧꣬ͷһ½Ԫϵ˿ڣ΢΢üͷ½Ԫˣ

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ƬɫĻ磬Ŀž޴ĻĿԶ
ԴЩħ֮󣬱Ҳûмİˡ
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ЦţЦûκε¶ȣ֮÷ļԣȻţ˫ŵ͸İĸȷ˵Ǽٻ֮ʶǽǰ

574 

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ӷĿ˵Ļʣǿ϶
ӴеЦ֮ʱĸȷĿġ
ԭˣԭ볤йء
Ӹŷ̬ϵı仯мֲ⡣
ôŻһ䱸ӣȷʵ˵ĵͲ±ɱ㣬ȡ߳ô
а취Ҵʱ˿һʬ壬վԻ
ɵô
ЦţȻ֪˶ԷĿģҲٵʲôˡ
ղԼ˵һа취߳㲻У˵ʲôʶʶЩеûĻ
֮ڻվǰΪҪѰԼϵ㣬Ӷ֣߳
Ǹûܡ
ǺǣŮ˺û˼˱֮ǰ˺öϷ룬ڵǺκôˡ
Ҳƣ˵Լ˭ҷĵĿġ
Ŀ޶Ȼǳ˿˵ĿֲǳǷĵһѪ
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գʱ򻹿Ī̡
İиûбҪ
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ʧħУȴǳĬˡ
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Ƕã½Ԫͣɷĵȥĺô
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½Ԫһӣɳ˱㡣ǰʱȥһһ½ӽе֪ǰ½Ԫ۰ԼĵӣǽһҪԵʦµǳʲô

ڿ½Ԫ

һ̾½ԪûдӰ߳ҲֻܿԼˣϣܴ½ԪĽᡣֱʱ֮󣬷ģīѩƺǱ˳½ԪûˣһڵϴڴڵĺʵĿ

575 ֮

ģīѩƺ˶챻ˡ
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ֻŭ½ԪԼвڶʮ˴飬½ԪžƣûǺֱ顣
ջǱ˽˵ļ́ɽ
ҹ룬촵ʱ˻ûлعһԺ棬ȡ֮
ǲҪ½Ԫ𡣡
ǲ½Ԫ
ī˻֣ʾǲ½ԪΨһĿľҪ½Ԫǰж˿˲Ÿġ
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ҲΪ̫죬ڵΪȶһ㣬԰ɣ
Ϊˣ˲Żǰ̶
磬˵ɶΪ½ԪѰɡ
ҲΪ½Ԫѣǽ⿪еɻ󡣡
Լһ裬ǳһ֮˵Ź˵Ϊ⡣ղ˵һ̶̵ʱ֮ڣ˴ӵ߽Ϊֱ˵ΪԪ缸йģԪʱڣ
֮⣬ڶ˿Ľٶȡ
񣬲ֹһһͬʱ٣պνǰ;
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ǰҲʹ⣬Ǻʹ߻Ǳ㣬شʱģģ˶֪ĻҲ֪
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֨һĴűƿ˵½Ԫ֮ʱһ½ԪĲӻص󡣡˵ߣ½Ԫ΢΢üͷתδĵˣصԼķ䡣

576 һ

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ڤУĵȫƱһΧţǿǻУҲ޷Լһ
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ǰһֻصڤУΪСŮĻҲΪԼʲôǻ֮ԴԴϵıա
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577 鵤

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ҪȥǺǣǺЦ
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ģ㵱ɵǲǣҪǲһĽǱ뿪
ԣҪǲһĽѾ鵤ǣ˭Ҳ뿪ɽ
ϵǶԸˣСǻǲµģǰĸƭǡҲҪѾ鵤û

578 Ҫ

˸ճأɽΧµ飬ϸ֮²ΪǾö鵤
Щ鵤½Ԫ߽еȡģһĳЩ˸ɱˡ
˵ߣ˵ɫûκεĸı䡣
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Ƕ½ԪͷļûӣԿǣˡ
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ңѩƺΪ֤Լûв鵤Υʵ飬̶ڤ֮С
ˣһʱ乲ͬԣһʱ䣬ɽž˼أ۾עһУڴڤĴŽɽȥ
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ѾԶ׼֮ƽ£ͷ鵤һڷϣӣҲֻܰ˶顣
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ֱȷİȻֻᣬų³һ
գԲ㷢ĵģҪ֪жôء
ڿԵʱ򣬱㱾ܵǰҪֹˣȴ½Ԫֹˡ
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ֻԼԼĸܵ˵Ϊ˵磬ڵ²㻹в۷壬ܲ
ͬŹˣգĿ˷ĵϣЦ
ͽܡ
ʦǸͷβı̬ͽˡ
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鵤ķ÷ʽԼҪע˵Ŀ׷ת½Ԫϡ
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˶һһʮһţĳشѲǻҪл½Ԫء
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½ԪʦΪ˸лľ࣬ѧҸһζɿڵķˣһҪǡ
־еΣպ޿ɶƵıŷţ½ԪҲɵüһǿϷı㡣
֨֨ʱһֻСצץס˷ĵ·Сһѩ˳ŷĵļë׵Դŷĵա

579 е

֨֨
ѩСһڷĵļϣԼͷŷĵ
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ĵĻѩҡСԴһ˫һĶͬ˦˦ȥ۾޹
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Сһ֮֮ħ죬ֻڼʧʷеһޡ
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ġС磬ֻǿ߲ܴСô
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ϾȻһ˿ɬЦ⡣
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УĻص˰ɫĻ硣
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ģĴħô
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ĺǲĿСŮȻСŮ˭ô֪ʵе顣
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СõСŮԣСк׻ˡ
˷ôʱ䣬Ůһֱĸġ
ˣһཿɰĴޣһһ˫β裬ӵһγξпʼıΪǸСŮӣû뵽ͷȻǸкӡ

580 ˣ

ǡСܵ˭ܸ˭ôΪʲô岻ʱĳ棿
СŮһ¿ԽСкһʱЩܣŴĺСŮһк˭
УСܵܣұˡСкǲĿŷģһμĵʱΪٻЩı䣬ٱ˵ȵȣʵ֤һ£վǷģ
ֻضԸǲıġ
ˣôϿҵķϣҾ͸ɡ
ҪߵСкתŷ˵ԼǺˡ
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ûǳǾβڵ˶Ҫ
ܾúܾǰžβ䳤ߣֱ˷ġ
Ҫֵң㽫ɵһ̿ʼҾʹ棬飬šԽ谲
谲ܾúܾǰ֣һֵʱЩİҲʮֻ
谲
㲻÷Ѿȥ룬ҶҪˣô
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谲òǧ⣬ħһֱҪõˣԪҲкܶĴ治֮Ҫӷõ
Ƿ̫죬ҲҪһʱӦּٵĽ֮㡣ʱУȻħշħҲһԪҷĵ鷳ȻнīѩƺǸ׵½Ԫߣ֮Ĳ
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ѩƺˣǮǮ龧
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ѩƺûƣϣѹ

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ģīѩƺ½Ԫĸˣ˵Ԫӵһ絽߽֮УǵåӸֲõݴʻᡣ
ΪΣһΪ˪˪ǵڶ֮Ϊ֮ߣܶȻ˪ԣǲԪȥˡ
ڶԭôǾ鵤һ¡˽֪½Ԫ͵˾鵤ֵԪڶǷ꣬һɱľۼɽҪһ˵

581 

ǽΣ˵ûֳɣװ˷һµʱ䡣ɣ½Ԫ͵˾鵤ö鵤Ԫһεȵĸǿ籱һ嶼ֻһʱö鵤ο½Ԫһ˾
ö鵤ֵǣɽ˱ȷԵʱ򣬲δڤĴɣ֮ûв鵤Ѳɾ鵤½Ԫ
С½ԪȻ߽һЦһ֮ˣĶս½ԪĶ֣ǻδ֣̽ѾΪڻңȻҶ½Ԫ
ҷ˵鷳ҲûҳɡԴˣģīѩƺ½Ԫĸ˵ֳΪŵĽɣڶŵĺ֮УҺжĸ˵ͿνǸߵ

˵ĿڷǻУеڿϡһ㣬Ǻǲ⻹֮쳣
ʲôŲűүӿ¾ơ
עӵʮֲīһвһ꣬ŵ۵һ˳˵ϡ
һĻֻܰԵ̾һȺ˱Ы֮˪еԼ鵤һ£Ԫܿû֮ˣҪʱҵ
ͨϸԱ֤˳ͨͨ
˵ף临ӣûͨɵĴܻǼ򵥵Ĵڡ
ιιǿǸڸɶ
īס˷ĺѩƺʾ˳Ŷߵķ򿴡֮У޳ߴһµıָ֣طȥŮӷĻҳҲ֪ǲлҳǱõֶΣŮӸ
Ķߺ֮ɫ˶
㹫ӡ
Ůҧ˫ɫĴǶ챻ҪѪۣ㲢δںŮӵɬ֮⣬ջֵʱһֻСС֩롣
ƹôˣһֻ֩ķ䡣ıԵ൱ûԼľٶǷԱţȻƹŮһ£δ뵽㱻÷ĿľΪһ
СС֩룬жʱζӡ
ûûʲô㹫һбôƶ䷢һζʮĸ㷻
㷻ȰƹʳһЩʳкãΪƹѪЩ磬Ӧʹʳԭ򡣡

ԭƹﻹ˵ʲôһĻػˡ
л㹫ӵĺ⣬СŮֻǾǸ㷻ĸζʱСŮ㹫ӳһ
ƹգǶԱ˼
һͷϷ˺ȷϵĵ˵ͷƹһϲ㣬սīƶϣѲɱϲŮ˾ƹô
ûܡ
Ȼ߸˵뷨
лƹڱٹȣƹΪҲн֮⣬ǲҪЩʳȽϺá

һ仰һǳ׵׵ĽƹＴ˵ڵĻȫ˻ȥ
ƹԾɲģͲǰ˶Լûио
ãƶһ㹫ӵĻͻȻƶ֪ͨ㹫պʢ磬ƶĲִ٣⴩һǳɫĳȹ֪˹ġƹգ˫ﲨһ˫ǰ⣬ֻҪϹӶܿĳƹڰʾ㣬һģΪľñϲ

ɽ֣ƹһܵ˴Ҳöܺ濴Ϸķһߡ
ƹ˵ЦˣƤֻѣֻҪĵһһҲ֮




ƹﱻµģоԼеĴġ
ģīѩƺϵĺֶһҪǿűһı飬һΪƹʵˣûκδ⣬֮ڿοƹֻ
οķʽ˽ܲܡ
ֱУôֱУָϽֱС
ģһ̷˲ŷ֣ĸߣһۿ͸ģĵ͵󵽵ĳ̶ȡ
ôǴǰûзֱôǷȱһúõģͦһˡѵ˵ƹﲻƯᰡ۾˫ƤܷܷϸΣĻƽҿӻǴҴڵãòòģۼм
ͦϡһӡ
һĹԭһڴۻϲƹʧ˶飬Ķܸоõƹͷϵն˻ɫ
磬ֱ̫ˣѺϽֱжûֱȫƾ汾µ
īĴָű㣬ŷ˶ܺı㲻Ǻ仰ʲô˼
磬ûиоƹϲô
ϲңûаɣҴС͵ƹãƹֳδޡ
ƹʱûκθϵı仯ǽīԼԴģԿ˱ϵɬ֮⡣
ĵĽī壬ĿǰѺϽֱС
磬ϲǲҲơ
˵ʱ򣬽īһο˱һĺɫֱȻû
ȷȷʵʵϲһƵĹǸղŵƹ
Ҳ֪˭Ļ⣬ī˻ǸŮˡ罪īֱϲ˹ȻϼһŮˣŮݵλһ㣬ϼĳŮΪ˰©УͬΪ
Ϊ
ݡ
˵Ůӵ֣г˻ϲ֮⣬һ˿˿ź
ĵǺ棬籱ѺϽֱôԼİ⣬ϼĳŮĽȻȻ˱ԼķʽĽ֮ʱһͬϼ峤Ůݣһͬ鱱ӵѺϽֱ
С
ݿ˵÷һ𳤴ͬˣҶ׿ԽҺƼһд˶¡
Ůӣô׵ıԼİĽ֮⣬鵱ȻҪ㡣
Ǹʲôеıʮֵģǵı᲻һŻ¸ˡ
ȻԤеһݵ±˽ˡ
ڱһֱǸʹÿһλصݵʱ򣬱㶼ᱻᡣ
磬ƴСĻһŽźųȥ
Ȼڴһŵʱ򣬱Ȼһȱ㡣
㣬ţ˳˧ãҪĳҲ׼ȷ˵˱ضԪĴ֮һ
Ŵ豱㳬ߵ̺֮ʱժӽ˷ѡ걱Լ֮ʱдһѪ飬ԼѪдģһһӱߵƼլ

582 鶼

룬һɫɷ׵һ˳ıﰮĽ֮Ѫ飬˵ǰߵƼҡ
Ů˴ŵʱ򣬿ĳ沢ܰѪȣǾţսƼҴСҲסˡ
걱˵Լǰʷʷģīѩƺ˵ıһģһﲻֻĴָԼ顣
ȸѺϽֱУֱеް
ƼҴС㣬»øɣѱѾˡ
ɣΪţǾԵһһҲһǿߣǣǵµһĽޡһʼδΪǺܲҲûж룬ˣ̵ͣרһŮ֮µ̵ͣ͵
˺µ̶ֳȡ
֮أű֮飬ҵĻȻûģɴӱ˽⵽ǸݵƼҴСҲһϲű㣬ҪȻ
ĵȴĳףȻ˵ʮֲ⡣
û֮ˣݾܾҺ󣬺ǰ߽ΪݵĹԱһֱڡ
֮⣬ܾ˵ıΪݲϲԼǿѣϲݣĵ׾ͺá
¼һбȸõ˺úõϸĺǻݣȻĵײģʮֵĲġ
磬ǲɵ
īֱ飬ܾ֮󣬱ô뿪磬ʱʼ˵߽磬ֻżŻص硣
⡭Ǹʲô飡
磬ѵͲϲݴСô
ϲȻϲСʱʼҾϲݣǡ
Ǳܾ飬ʲôĶΣҪݲϲԼ
Ǿ仰
ݲϲңţһһ۰ݣҲϲ˳֡
һ仰÷˽Դ˿澿װʲôһԴ鵭ȻѩƺҲΡ
磬ˣĴҴڸˡīʾѾֱĩڣֻҪ˶ܲõݺͱǻϲģֻΪķʽȷŮһʱ
ܲˡ
һ⣡
˵̧ͷһ˫ɫӿű㣬жûмˡ
ܾʲôʱ飬ݴСжʱûмˡ
ǰ顣
Ҳ˵Ӿʱʼ˾һֱûм棬ףҪԭ뱱㡣

˻࿴˱˴һۣܸоõݵϲֻۡ
Уĸһûһţ廹ϵˣżʲôã¶Ǳ֮飬ΪԹҲֻܿˡ
磬ʹͨ飬ϴ˵Ǹ⡣ںͱʱ򣬷ַһ¹ͨϣ鶼ǼŹ֣ͨǾ籱ǿһÿһϼ
ĹͨĲɳġ
һɽʱ򣬱˵ֻͨһ㣬һ߲ģʲô
һǱڲֵĽͣʵ˲ͬ
Լͨ飬ҡҡͷ
Ҫǰֻͨ˲˵һУڽ֮ǰְУ̫飬кһǱ㲻˵һ½Ԫȷ˲׼ԼͨһЩϸڸ߷ˣֻ侳ܸܵһԼ˵ٶ࣬
Ϊ˵׸Ầˡ
㲻⣬Ҳ㲻׷ȥ
뿪ݵʱѾϵˣ;ݵʱƹģƹƺѾȺ˶ʱк˽Է
λʦǼҵСѾ׼˺þƺòˣλԱԣȫѡ
˸ǵС˾޶󣬾ǹԹһӣƹҲԥһڴӦ
겻ƹ飬ֳŻصɽ˸ոջصɽ㿴ɽǰһϮɫŮӱǣ˽ŲŮӻعһ˫ӻ˫ӳɫĹ
ˡ
ۡ
ۡ
ǷĺͽīģǼŮ峾׵Ůǵһμ
Ůӳúֲһӹ֬׷ۣӳɫӻ˫ͷ·˵һ㣬ǧǧУĺܡ
õŮӾǺˣΪʲôɽ
λʦɽҺô
ǰһ˫ֱȭŴŮ¶ǿϢɼǰŮΪͣӦˡ
ŮӵĿһֱעŷģ˫Ѫɫ˫ðŻڡ

ŮӿڣЩĮҹݺһʮ

ĲĿǰŮӣԴԪ֮½Ԫͱ֮òûĽӴˣȻžЩ֮⡣
ԣġ
Ů׼ȷĽгĵ֣˵ɫ䱸Ůӽһ仰еķ
İɣҲҪ鵤ġ
ŮӿеĻ߷ˣɽĿĲΪ鵤Ϊһˡ
ȵȡ
¹⣬īµĿǰɽŮӣӻ˫ǳǳУһɫ·
Ϊʦơ
ī̽ŮӵϣŮûлشĬ˽ī⡣
ˣ
īŷĺѩƺ˵ͷжûдĻǰһɫŮӦþƼҴСݣҲǾܾ˱ǸŮӡ
Ժ䡣Ĳصڿڱ֮䣬ģīѩƺӶڷϵİѩһԾһڿˮŶ˵ݣһ
ʱĸ˶ûп˵
ֹһӵʱ䣬ˮѾҪںȥǰҹҲ˯ˡ
Ǹʦɽɶ¶ô
ĿɽĿʲôҹĳɽ׻˵ú²׻˵úáˣе۲˵ˣ
ˡ
ˣ
һˣŪһ㶡
ɽһֻ֮ʣ»½Ԫݲ½Ԫİɡ
ԣ㡣
˵ĸֵǹ³һԭ
ԭݰҹɽĿұġ
ȵȣ԰
ȣұΪʲôɽ
ٴΣΪʲôϳɽұ㣬Ҫ˵ĻӦȥ
飬̫ұ㣬¶һ
Ȼ˵㲢ɽʱ˵˴еĿġ뱱ߵ֮⣬˴ҲһЩ顣

583 һƬ

˵ʱݵɫһӡ
˲ɵӣȻߺա
ʱǲ˵˹Ķǵֱʷǽһسǽһ֣㹻Цˡ
ΪЦͰˣû뵽ϵʱŮǾȻɽǡ
ʦʲôҪȥ죬ǹڱô
оô
ûлشĵ⣬Ҫһơ
ʾѩƺȥ½Ԫķһƣ½Ԫķкö̳ӡʱѩƺһ̳ӻصԺУݵҲ̳ӵķ೶ž̳ͷƽһˬɽһٵ˽
һƴ
Ǿˮ¶ǣҲ˻ϻӡ
˵һݺݺݵؽ̳ʯϣڴű㡣
˸ӣ쵰С
ָĴݵĿлǴ֮Ϭ֮һûһظ֣ҲŮӵĺš
ŮˣƷ¡
īɵһܵĺͺȶ˵ݱһİȫ룬ԼһͻᱻץסһƵġ
ǹ
Ž˵ˣһӣһ̤ʯͷϣһž̳ʾ˿ǰԸ
һʱѱǰô
ʦݰΪɶȥԼݺɽľҲ̫ԶҪҪǴȥ
ī˵һ仰˵һеľ̳ӱ㳯Žī˹ȥڽī䣬ҪȻ׼ư
ûĻôѱɽУ׼˵ҪǴģ֪ô
Ȼݶڱܴ󣬵ǰӣȥұ㣬ַֻʽʮε˽ɽö˼档
Ȼݵľֹ³һЩΪŮӣܸܵõݴʱ˿̵顣
ǰִһһ̳Ӿƣǰ
ʦǰǲ˱Ķˡ
֪
Ƶ΢첼棬̧ͷֱŷģһıƺŷʲôʱ֪顣
Ԫ£ô֪ǰ顣
ʦģľûгЦ˼ҵĻͱҹˡ
ĸұ֤ԼݵĻһݺݵһ±̵͵޼޵ˡ
ʣĸŮڴףɿŵʱȴɷһ˳Ѫӡ
֪飬֪ĻΪ֮Ѫһ
Ȼû뵽Ļ֪ǰ飬֮йƤһϣ̾һ
ǲǾҺܿЦһŮӣȻ֪ܵĴ߽磬ʮŵĽвȥһˡ
ЦģЦЩԳ
Ҳûа취İ취
ʱ䣬Ϊ³ǰ飬Ѫٴγ֣ҲŴӦˡ
ǣһһ꣬һһ꣬һһ꣬ȥҲǰഺ٣ڴѾĹˣ治ϵشٴŸ¶һӵ뿪˵߽磬Ҫһʱ㾿ô
ģһʹ컰
ϲĻ˾һϲĻͼ޸һĳӣƼҺ
ǣ
ΪƼҴС㣬ôóóȻĳ߽磬óóȻȥұ㣬ֱ˵ͷߵĺܽԲŻڰҹɽ
˵Լɽԭ򣬴ǵЦ˼֡
ɫ£һɫȹŮϱŷŨҵǳۡ
Цʮ֧ʦ
ܰŮӱȵ̶ȣ˱ҲûбˡݣƼҴС㣬ҪֵֵҪмҪģڵƼң߹ĴСж˲żȡƫƫ
ҴСϲһľϡǲ֪֮飬ǻݶЩɣ˽⵽˵Ĺɶվߣޱ֧

ʱ䣬ֻҪһ𰸣Ĳϲˣұ޸ҳ
һĺ׵ŮˣΪԼҸҪһŸģȷϱǲϲǰپ
ò飬һԼΪӺˡ
ͼ壬ֻһѡ
˿еľ֮⣬㿴ҿ㣬ɵüͷ
ףݽ˽ɽҲΪľȻݵģҲϲű㣬κŮǿǿ̵£ŵ˰δһ棬Ȼɣʱ
ţҲ޷ĥԷǱ˴еӰӣǰ
ˣΪ겻Ϊˡ
㲻ݵҪԭ򣬱Ϊݲˡ
֮飬ƫƫһֽԷ飬ס˫۾
˵ҪҪ£
īקקĵ䣬ҪҪһϮݡ˱˴˶ŶԷҪĥʱ䣬ɴ֮Ĵֽͱƣһ˵˼Ҳˣʱǽ
ϲĽֻǱβͺûϵˡ
ĵ˵ͷأһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
Ԫʱһ˾ǵܵһչмӣڱָ㣬ҲôĽ˵Ϊ
Ҳãƽûȱµ飬żһҲǲġ
һԵѾȶˣſ߶űĲãǼͷŽīѩƺżƻ
գãơ
ĳţ½Ԫһ뿪ɽ
ڷĳ֮󲻾ãīѩƺҲ뿪ɽǰѰұ㡣
磬ȥɽһˣ¶㡣
ʲô飿ˣΪλҪȥɽǲˣʲô۶ء
籱һ۾Ϳ˽īѩƺļŷĲڶߵмֲ⣬ƽӰ룬ôֻ˳֡
ѽȻкҪˣôҺѩƺ˺㲻ɡ
īѩƺʮǿƵ̬˱㣬ưҲŹӵĶɽ
Ҫʲô
ʮֲĿſյ󣬳֮ӦûһˣϢ
ǰ̤һʱ򣬱ͣ˽ŲĿ͸ƺڿʲôһ㡣
ʱŴ򿪣һɫ˳֮䣬ɢţͬһε˫
ݿű㣬ͬݣ˵ľ֮ңȴ˭ҲûٶǰһһƬĶ紵

584 

ڶ˵ϣֻ֮мľ룬˭ҲûǰһֻôĿŶԷ
վһԵĽīѩƺȥˣȿա
Ѿˣʲô˵װɡ
£Ҳݣת뿪
߽īô׾ٵȥſű͵͵ع۲Ŷ˵״
ɺðҲ㿪ڻʲô˻һվԭأŶԷ
Ҫվô
ī汱ż
ݻǱ㣬˶໥ϲģŮ⣬мһ谭ΪѾںԼˣ԰ʱ䲻棬ձҪһʱĴ𰸣ϲǲϲϲһǲϲĻ
ͼ޸ϼĳӣ
ΪԼݴ˼ţڰʱ䲻Ҽݡ
Ǹʲô¶ϲȴƫƫִһݺôִ
ſй۲죬Ŷ˵̸
ɺã
գǱ㿪˿ڣɺá
ȴЦˣǳǳиϣЦЩ
˵Ƕãһ꣬ʮ껹ǰʱ䡣
һɺã˰֮еһεĻ
еʱĲ֪Լڵʲôʲôһμ㣬ݻ³һ
һҲãһҲգԼһڴе顣
ݶ
㿪Ҫ˵ʲôջǽҪ˵ڵĻȫ˻ȥ
ǰһĻǵ֪Լ˼ţİŮ˳Ϊ߽Ц
ֻҪԼԶԶ뿪ʱܻᵭһеġ
ȻϲݵģΪ뷨֮вȥݡ
ݾͳڱǰ
ԾɲŮˣ͸ŵİ⡣
㻹֪ݶ
ǵЦŨҡ
Ǳ㣬ĥԼʱ䡣
ݲپˣȴűһ𰸡
еĻＴڵʱݽԼ˼ͳͳһ仰
Ȣô
һȢôͻĻﲻñסˣҲͬź氵й۲Ľīѩƺһ㶡
Ȼ籱˵ƼҴСŮӣҵ˵
Ůܶһ˵ĻҲ֮ʳ仰Ҳϡ
һѺȴűش
ӦȢôõŮ˲Ȣǲɵˡ
īиʹ޲汱˵ȢǾ仰
ɺðαҲûпڣΪ֪ԼûʸԼҪҸһγΪԪЦ
һŮӣȻҪõȥ谮ȥǻԼڰĬĬػá
ǲ
ݶ
˵ˣ֪Ĵˡ
㿪ڵ˲䣬ݴĻ
ٹǧ꣬ҲױһʲôˣֻǿڽԼ֣ҲܲµҪ˵ʲô
㣬͵Ϲۣյʱ䡣
һ˫ӻ˫еĺ𽥸ֶ˵ѹƭ˵ģһ޷ݣݲٱǰᣬ͸߰
ȻѾˣеı˼֣ô
Ѿעˣͱ֮ԶҲûκοˡ
ҲãʱһջϲĻѾˣҲڴʲôˡ
ֻǣһʹŨţҲʹ쳣
ݶҡ
ſջϲֻһԣݴδʶ㱱㡣
ЦţЦôۣӣ߹֮ʣŲ΢΢ͣƬ̡
֣Ҫץסݣգ仮ָɢǰ˾
һ㡣
й۲ĽīѩƺżΪ˸еϧ
УҪסݣһһ⣬Ϊܿڵ˴
ݼ̤ʱɫӰͻȻ֣֮Ѹͣӣеĳֱָݡ
ֻ˲ݵļͻľٶ˶סˡ
ݶ
㼲ǰݱڻУв˻ҡ
ݶ
ݶݶϵĽݵ֣˺ٶȰѹ˵ļ
ϣû뵽ջջⲻƼҴСô
Ůӵ쳣ı䣬ȫɫӰţ˸ͻȻĶʲôˡ
ݶ
ˣ˿ڲӿѪΪݰ˿֮˲䱩ŭˣһѳնվкâһƬ
īѩƺȰչݡ
⣬ϵشӱϱŷţ߱ɱ֮ǵصϮƽĶŵӽȻͬ
ѩƺͽī˶о󣬲ţǱص֮ˡҵˣǺǣΪǶ˻㣬ڽҶ˲˺㣬Ҷ˵ĿֻϣƼҴСҲͰϣ
һ˰ˡ
ƾǡɷ˵гĳŮӴȥŮȻûԤϵһ˵ɾ͸ɵˣŲȥһԵĺӼʱŻ
Σ
ʼգһ仰û˵ȻΪҪȱ߳һء
һ㱻ӺݺݵػڵϣһѪӿ
ϣ
زұӴˣݲ˵ļߡ
û¶վҲԲ㡣ӿѪվѪҺԴԴϵĴֱʶ˳ųڵϣǺŮȷʵûа˺ۣɼ˵Ϊ֮ߣǺ
ӵΪѹһڡ
ʲôû¶ϣϣϣ
㻤۾ǺҲָų뱱㲢ս
ݽŴϣЦţЦôᡣ
ã֪жûҴϣĻ
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û״ķſˮЦЦлӣϢһá

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ŵʱһͻȻ𣬷ʾ⽪ī

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ȻʯԹʯǽһˣμȺӢԪ˲Ѿ⵽˫ͷֵĶ֡
˫ͷ׷ŷˣ˵׷ϣ˵Ҫϵĳһط
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ۼһԽԽ࣬Ȼ׷˵˫ͷҲԽԽ࣬ʮ
ۿһڰڲ֪䱻ϵһĹ㳡֮䣬ʮ޴ʯţʯһԭ͵ʯ̨
ģ㿴Ǹʯ̨ϵķģ濴ļõаīָʯ̨ʯ̨ϷȷȷʵʵпһЩааôھʯԹУȺ˫ͷְǶһ
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ٹǧʱ䣬۾㷢Լǲκα仯ġ
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ĴûԼǰţƵݣ˼ˣ
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һ仰Ǿٸеĳ𵶣аŭ
ģ㾹Ȼ˵㻰
˵㻰ҲȱǿǲǴʱ֮ң
ĲɵӣǰаȻֻһõĺɫӰӣܸоõһΣյϢǱ̰
ָоˣֻжаҪռΪе˲ŻɢΣյϢаˡ
һŵȵ½˼֮󣬽ľβڵΪΪĴȥɣ
ģס֣
аҪǰֹģ֪ĵĶȿһеĳ׼ȷ˷֮ϡ
źɫеķ䣬ʵеʱҲָԭӣһѵѽ俳ϡ
ڷ䱻ƻ֮УɫĹâ˲ɢԭתŵʯҲͣ
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ҪԵΣղδЩ˫ͷƺŭһ㣬еӳ˹ǱеˣȻΪһࡢ
Сġ
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ģһɫĹâӷĵͷĶܸоõǿ˺壬һ˫Ѫɫ˫̧ͷȥɫ׵ķ

Բۣˣһߣ׵ʱ򣬽īѩƺ׷ǰҪΪĵһǵٶվ첻׵ٶȣۿžҪ
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׵Ȼǿֲģ׵֮˶оõԼֿ־Ϊţ׵ĵķˡ
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ҵ죬ֿȭ䣬½ԪʦǸʲôڵĴܣīֵüΪȣǵȻĿֲһ˲Щˣ½Ԫʦʱ֣û뵽½Ԫϱ̬Ȼǿ˿
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Цѡ
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ʩ䣬浱Լǿôһȥôѵǣȥô
½Ԫѵŵ޻˵ͷ˿뿪˾ʯԹصԪ硣ʱԪǰգ̤ŵʱ򣬵ȴǵĲֵ

595 ɱЫ

˵ĿڷĽīѩƺˡ
Ŀž壬ſ־壬ֻǧֲͬϡʯԹһһǶͨĻȻҲ֪Щ˫ͷôھʯԹеģ֪ǾʯԹôٻа
ٵķ䡣
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ΪԪǧŵҲһʱн˿ֲĵز֮ȴڶ̶֮дﵽ˶һ˲۷ͻƵ
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ҪӵʲôطЦֻЦк;ƺ֪˪һ㡣

596 ᲻Ჹ

˪Ǻ³ҪôҲġ߽ɽԺˣ˴ͷżɫı˺üȦֻ¶һ۾˵пжϳֱǷģī
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ƺ뵽ʲô飬ŷ˵ʱھʯԹз
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Ȼ˻棬ʱ侲ֹһ˲䷢ʲôû˱˸зȨ
ʱ侲ֹôֻһӰӣ˸оġ
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ģǲǿʲô
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ҡҡͷʾԼҲǺͽīһδԼ֪㡣
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Щʱ䣬뿪ɽ˵ջҪ˲ҪҳҺȣҪ׼ʱҩ
ȻűǿжģֻЩٻѡ
ģ㿴ɶ
ʧīæ̲סŷĵھʯԹаٵһ˲便ʲô
˲˽ģѩƺȴһۿ˷ء
ĬƬ̣ǿڸ˶ʱ侲ֹһ˲䣬Ļ档
а˵һЩ飬תֻأϹžβȵȣ
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Ҳ֪ɣ֮һЩ䣬ЩһЩϸƬΡ
ǺīҲȻ˵δԷ˵ЩڣȻаѾ˵ףҲڵʲôˡ
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ȥһһػŷģֱڡ
ī˵ŷĴ˽飬ͺ˵Ĺһ
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ԶԣһЩһЩԶԣһЩұһ㣬
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֪ΪʲôīܾϿôô򵥣ϱ̳һҴʲôգ˶ˣЩǷڱ˵ϣǲ˸һصľ²ڱĵҩ֮£յʱ䣬
ָȻ³ϵĹͷЩʹ
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磬˪ץôűץ˪Ϊ˵Ĺϵǲ˪ǷץסˣѾ֮£Ƕ

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ⶼʱȥˣҲ˪ץϢĪˣ
δץǷģһѾǴ׵ĸֻȽһ仰ˡ
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ˣҲͷЩϵȺеɻҲպǲԼʶڲ˵顣
֪ʯԹеаʽζǷγʯ̨ϵô
ŷˣȻôˣȻһԭ
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Ҳ֪ôˣʱħĻԽĲⱣбҪӹһڤĽˡ
磬һڤǸʲôĴڣű㣬˽˵ڤѹԪһĽ֮Уо׽ٱ鲼У̤뾳֮˸ܲ׽٣ǵ˴˾
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һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһ˫Цۡ
ɷԽˣԽǲ
īҲ˿еأڻЩա
ѽȲ˵ڤˣڻ˵һ˪飬Ż᲻ΪŤ𣿡ī˵ԭпܷӵһ絽綼˸飬Ҳ˪Ĵڣһ˪Ѿ뿪Ԫ磬ڶ˪ڵ
ĳط׼Ҹ
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磬Щûдиǡ
˫ֱȭתȥ˵ʱ䡣
ѽĵȵ˼ң˼ҲЩûȵ˼ôīŤŴ׷ϷģһԵѩƺ˿Щҵһ׷Ŷ˵ĽŲͬ뿪ݣֻ±һ˿˽ʧ
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һ۶У⹦֣ûгͷҲûн
һߣ뿪ݵʱѾˣ˰׼ҵľկ
һլԺ紵ϾɵľŸ֨֨죬֪Ի͵İ׼ң֪ĻΪǹء
վڰ׼һլǰŽլۡڲʱһӰǰסǵȥ·
λǺˣΪγҰ׼ҡ
һְ׵ĳ׵ĺ΢΢ţһ˫۾ż
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ǰߣߵݣڵ֪ǰ׼ҵĹܼ֮ʱĴӱóһװɳ͹ǻҵĺӡ
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598 ɵӰǸɵӰ

ŷ˵Ļһ˫ǵ˫ͻȻ۵Щʣ˵ĻǼ١
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߲֪ԼǲӦŷġ
ԴǴȺӢ֮󣬶үʧӰٲ֪գ׼ûˣֻʣһūһԺӡ
ʱ䲻֪ȥ˶꣬ʣµֻ޾Ļ
˵үɳĮöүΪƾΪʲôʸǰڶ磬ʲôԵܽүɳĮдذ׼ҡ
ŮװľǶүĹǻҡ
еʣ˫ֽװŰ׿ǻҵĺӷߵϡ
ǣܸ˼Ǻô
ġ
ī
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ģīѩƺ˱Լ˵֮ʱɫһסˡ
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ףҪлǽ׿ĹǻҴӦġ
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Ҫ߸˵Ĺǻҷֱ͸ǵļˣȻѾԤϵ˽֣Ľ˵Ĺǻҷ׷׽ǵļ֮ʱǳҲ˸š
ҹ룬˻صɽԶԶı㿴ſڵ½Ԫ½Ԫžƺ˹˵žƣ˷Žоƺ
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뿪ҵĳ
ЦţЦôëȻܵɱĽīæϴ󱰹ϥ뿪˳ҽŹϡ
ˣֻǸղһʱ䱻ʳ˷µĽɡ
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Ϊ½ԪҲҳڳһ½Ԫûص½ҳԵģȻ֪ǳ潪īڻĿ
һһѲ˵ͲҪǮƵķҪ½ԪΪߣͱĵĲ˵гΪѡ
ڳæµţԺ㿴ҿһʱε˼㡣
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ڱĽ֮£ѩƺԸǺֵУָܻԼһѾǸ춯صˡ
ԺУīż˿ѩƺ½ˣͱĸˣôȥҲǸ취Ҫһ黺ͻղǡ
ȿȣǸҪҪ涷Ҳֻ취ܽŵջԾīͱͱѩƺѩƺһ½ԪûʲôʱԹǸʲ
ôĶҲ˹
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599 ǿ

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ӳոһ̲˵ķı뽫˶ȥߵ;ȴڲԶһ߶Ūѩһ߳Էı㣬Ǽǿ
Ǳߴأ»һʱ䡣
ʾĳŷǱ߿ĸϱŷŵķԭΪһ֡
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󣬱ָֻһٵԪ̬
֮ǰīѩƺǾġ
ʵǿĴߣǶ޷ĴڣǶôϣ̤뱱ľ硣
񣬶ȻĽűǿʵǶˣѾĸĹۡ
һһĹһһ̰һһ¶ǹ̡
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ǸӲԡ½ԪͱСʶȻ֪ơɧԸ񣬼ǰεׯأɹ滹Ǹ˹İ࣬һǧ껹
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½ԪʦҪʲôȥ
ԼĹأԼԼĸ飬ȻһⶼҪɸԼ
½Ԫҽ뿪ڷĵв֮£ҲֻΪѵԼԵˮԱߡ
֪أȻ½Ԫ࣬ȻгԼĲ;滹бĲ;ߡ
ΪԪȻýԼϴɡ
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ЦţЦǽһºͣƺ½Ԫʳǿ˸һл˵ƨţӡ

600 㿴ʲô

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һѾû䣬ȫԲÿ־һ壬ͨΣգȥһѰһϰҪһЩ
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ȺӢһ֮ԶĹۡյ˵˪˼ȷȷʵʵǰͨϰȺӢеı֣ԼƼһǿļţ
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Ϊ½Ԫ˼˵УΪһҪС
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604 Ϲ

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үǵʿħģʿҲֲͬĺôīһ۶ˣֲ¶˵Ǽ򵥣ʵʲȴĺôҪһСĸ⣬Ҫġ

608 Ѫս

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̾һī˺һǴѩƺ·˺һԼѪڲ滭˷䡣
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ЦţĺѩƺһۣһԾ˰֮УлӶųڰеĶһһնɱ
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СүСүҪˣǼǵãһҪСүֽҪֵһ֡ڶʵ̫ˣīòԴԴϵԼѪ䣬ŶˣѪҺŹ࣬˵һ仰ҲйԪ
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ԲۣԲۣԲۣⶼɶɶקСүĿӣŽīϵؼССɽһȥĿռ֮ûκ쳣ʱԭϵĴͣڸǵսɢȥӰ
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֪׹˶ãīˤ˵ϣѩƺˤ˽īϣǷˤѩƺıϡͼݣܴܲСүȥҪˣ

610 Цذɣ

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λܴܲСүϹȥҪˡ
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Ҫ֪ΪҪľĵطڵλãѾþԼֿ׽٣ȻǱ׵ۼס޴֮ԼΪٵ̬׹æҪû׵жѹ

611 ھŵ׽

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ԪǿˣһΪҷӡסڤڣһǰ׶ޱǿ־ĺɭѰҷӡ֮
Ƶħǻڵһ֮⣬ʱضṥԪС
˱׼ҲȺħĹԪһ˿
ǣħԶԶķΧòһٶıˡ
ģīѩƺֵʵʣΪҪʱ̵סħϮ
磬˻ǺúϢ齻Ǳǡʾ⽪īѱȥ㱾˵ʲôǰշĵĻȥҵϢһҶŷ
ˡ
ѩƺ˵һ绹ܴڶã
ǿעУ赲ħ֣˭Ҳұ֤һ᲻ǿ߽٣ƻ
Ȼ̤˴˾磬˾֮⻹𾳡
ڣؽֹ𾳵ĳЩ˲ö֮ĳǰǰһҲþõʱ䡣
Ƭ֮󣬽īˣŽ֮ѹѹһƬħʳŴǣһĨѪĹâС
ҪȻ͸ɰɣʮҲɱһٸҲɱ
˵ҲûбѡԪս˲һˣҪôǲбҪôУΨ˽ȫ
̧ͷע⵽оۼһƻûɢȥЦ
㿴ʲô
ָŰеƣīѩƺȻ˷ĵôǲе̫Σˣ
ŵȺӢ֮ʱھʯԹٻ䣬Ҫ½ԪʦʹֵĻͽ˾ʯԹС
½Ԫʦʲôʱ˭Ҳ֪벻ҪôһħҲֻˡ
ҷĿƺ䣬˾֪֮ǰкܴĲͬ
ʯԹ֮֮⵽ķɣΪʱԼǿ󣬸޷ԦԽԽǿ䣬Ż˷ɵЧ
ôоԵܲٿ佫ȺħĻҷ𣬸ο
۵׵ЦԽŪ࿪īüͷǵ㻨˽ô
㲻Ҳڤиȥɡ
ĲδشīĻһԾֻ˽֮⣬󣬽īѩƺ˶һۣҲ˰֮С
ʲôãƢ̫ôִˣ϶ʲôԲͷײǽҲҪǽײˡ
īʵڲ֪ԼҪ²۷ʲôʶķģҲһֱֵ顣
ɰɣز˼ʲô
˼ˣпٽӡ૶ǻ㼯ڰеƸŨһһ粻ϻصšһƽؾըѿнµ׵ħֻҽеİһһĴ˷жôĲˣƤսζ
ǲҲ̶á
䣬Ͻɱˣħڷ˴׵ĵʼٸߣһŷ˷˹˴׵ģ൱ıħȺ˳
Ѿ׵˺飬һɢ֮䡣
Ȼ׽ٵǿöࡣûеľʹΪܹɽٵĵؾŵ׽ٵĹϵ˱ǵȻҲûһĴҴܣ֮ǹԹԵɷ
˿ơ
Ƭ̼䣬ԭڵħʼ׷׺ˣĹ£ħʧأҲԪ˴ϢĻᡣ
Ԫһڣ˻ţףŶݵʤ
֮£ħ˵˶磬һƽ˿ʼ໥ơ
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Ŀ˿ΧֻбһˣӦ涼ŵ˰ȫĵطܣҲáһζҪȻԪȻش

616 ɵñ

ȻԪѾưܻ˵ȺţֻҪһ绹ڣʥأԪͻڡ
ˣҵҲԪϰʿԪҵȻԴ
ī˵ſ׵ĻεЦš
ɲƽķ˵ɣʲô
˽īҪԼʾ˵ʵģô𸴾Ҫīʵʲôˡ
磬ڽڤôѵ˵ӡڤֻҵһַô
īĻñ΢΢üͷȻ⻰ѰѶʣжȻһЩ顣
Ϊʲôôʡ
ʰ㿴ڶǴ˾ˣҲܰ˭Ҳ֪ػᷢʲô飬ΣˣԪ硭
īûаѻ˵꣬˰仰ñԼ롣
Ķһҩ֭͵ǰ磬Ȼīƽûʲô̬ǵıģԪսǿҲˣ½Ԫ֪ڣħ
Ǳ˽Աͼ죬ʱ򲻽ԪʧȥһߣһҲʧȥҪˡ
İٵ˵ǰҪԣҸ֪㣬īƷĻܸпŶȰɡ
Ȼ㱻ĵ̬Ȼסˣӹҩ룬ҩпɬҩ֭һ΢΢̾һ
ֻΪԼҷӡסڤڣҲûзӵİ취˵һַҷӡסڤڡ
֪ΪΣںҩ֭֮󣬱ܾԴģʲô˵ʲô˵顣
ʲô
ļţҡŻԴðβ˵֮
Ԫϣʦʯ񹩷С
£һͷԵ˵ϣ赹ǰһֻֽץסĵ·кŲҪȥ֮Ļ
ģǻúõչԼ
һѾʧԪǸʧӰ˽֮С
׽ٱ鲼Ľ֣̤һǷĽ֡
ǷѾΪ˴˾ĴڣɻҪСǰС
СһЩ
ʱһ𣬰űӵ˵ߡ
Ǳ
ָŶķԴǱߡ
˳Ƭ̣ڰнսĶˡУŰµȫѪԵģ΢üͷű壬һȻıʱšüͷеķŭ֮ƺҪǰĺʬ
һ㡣
ħ㵱ҪִԲԪΪô
尡ôôӣ۱㻹Ҫһ塣
˵䣬ħһӣֶֻһ˿ڡ
壿ұҵ˴Ӳħ䣬ԴħʼұҲûбˡ
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ջ񰡣
㿴ҿ㣬û뵽ħ֮һĵħͱݣǶ塣
壬Ϊ𲻹ֻҪ㽫ڤڷӡɱԪް
ħĻñЦħ浱һô˭֪ڤһ˼佫޾Ԫػ壬ҲҪѳħ
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̲Ѫ֮һҪѰ·ҲҪֱˡ˵䣬ħһԼٶȳڱߣǲһʱ̧ͷŲԶǸĴţűһ
ͷţһԴԴϵĴӴбŷţѵ˵ڤڴô
һ屻ħһƻ䣬ݺݵײ˵ϡ
һѪӿеĺ޲ýħʬһġ
ٸһλᣬԸڤڡ
ߣΣ
ãȻѰ˼Ҳ˵ţħһ£һڱߣָ֣յҪץס壬ǧһ֮ʱѩƺͽīԸٶȴӵħ
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ǣˣ
īѩƺʱ򣬱ЩԼ۾漴ǲ֮ɫʧ
Ͼ½ԪǼһ̵ı̬ʲôܵء
˶ˣǷҲһĳطɡ
籱룬гֱħδعĵħֱۡ
аĶǳ𵶵ȻħΪħħˣǱѰı˵ˣգۼ˿ϡżԴԴϷӿѪ˿ڸûϵףħ̧˫ۣһſȴϸֳЦݣһ˫ɢŹâɫ
´ŷġ
ǽİݵŮˣǾβת
ħƺɵеĳδǰֻվԭؿŷģĵ׷ë
Ȼ֪˭ҲӦ֪ѳ𵶵һ룬¾ʤô
תеĳ𵶣вŵħĻȥûʱ㣬ǷҪ¶Ҳͱǲˡ
ʵϣĲûܹսʤħʤ㣬ȻħҲܰǰڵĦ˫Ȼ˭Ҳƺⲻ˭Ǹɴˡ
ƺںʲôգħһ۱壬һᣬһӰɢڰУʧ֮ǰһĨЦ˲
ϱ̳رŻһ
ʲôʱģ屻īһԵʯϣǰΪһҪϵ඼ˣֲñħĺ޻֮
ȫƾһ֧š
ţư
īҲ˱ƣ˵»ܷӡڤҵֿŵħò˵ΪǸ߹̫ˡ
Щ˰ľôĻָ̺ųѪҺ뵽˱棬ԭ澭ѵıоһȫ̧ͷŷ
ģһ˫üһ
ʱ俴ңרĵϢΪá
ֻԼѪ½϶ѵľ飬ͿԼûˡ
Ի;ǳѪ֮ΪȻʧˡ
¶¡
ԼѵľīѩƺΪ令ıűһЩ顣
ʵҲǽīȳ֮ͨúúͱһ˵ġ
±ǹǽңʱ򣬱һһңϾͨʲôΣյóܹ
ɵΣյ򿪽֮ʱֽϷֱд仰
ɶϽܰ
ܣǲɵɵñܰ

617 ڤ

ҵ飬īԼбҪͱ˵
ǵǸΣյ˲䣬˱׷ĺһƵ˾·֮ͨǰǵҡ
ڴĴ򿪽ֽ֮дŵĻȴǽ˳׵׵˸顣
ˣ˱뿪֮ͨһҪúõһʱ壬ôһ¡
īЦ˹Ϣı壬ûī˵һ㣬ȫˡ
Ͳصˣ֪Ϊֽ˲һ㽻ͨ
īĲԸȥ䵱ʱĻ棬ȻʱǼ鲢Ǻʵʱ³ҲûбĿлͱ˵һ¶ˡ
ȻԾǲˣʵ½ԪҲ˽֪֮ͨ˱˵ĽҺãǴССĶ硣
īѩƺ
ĽŶ˵֣ʾǰҪ˵
īѩƺ˷࣬нŵ塣
ڽȥô
ԼȥϾԪôңѩƺõ顣
ǺǣںǿЦô
īЦѩƺȻ׷˵仰ԭԼһ˽ڤǶܵκΣա
ǣһ·ΣջƽѪȷ绹Ǳľ˲벻ͬ۹ãڶɽ֮ʱǰΣյһĻҲʼһ
񣬷ľȻҪƿһǰڤôȻˡ
İˣҲǱүϸ磬үǰڤīǲɷһǰڤģ˵һİǷĵˣͬҲֳȻֵСû棬վѪ
ϵ
Žī˵Ļ΢΢üͷںѪô
ģ˵Ҿͻ
ѩƺҲԼڷǰڤĲ֮ģһǵķڤܵΣգͽīҲĽΧҲѩƺǰڤԭ֮һȻ˵֮ʱ뽪İйһ֮Ե˽һ£ʲô˲Ż÷Ĳ
Σǰ֮ҲҪڤоȳ
ڤΣա
ĵ˵İΣôʱһͬ˹ϧ˵飬뿴ΪԼڳʲôõ顣
ԶڵΪԸħ´࣬ټϱΪһĻָħֻʱ⣬һӵ½Ԫʦ
ңֻҪڤҲʱԷӡסڤڡ
ΪΣգŻһͬǰô
ī˫ֶż򣬿վԼǰķģת˿ѩƺ
Ȼƽʮ˴ˣеѲκ
ǰԨһ𴳣ǰٻһ
ô򵥣˶ѡ
ҲˣīѩƺǴҪԼǰڤ˵ĻҲûʲôЧˡ
Ҫڵһ˲䣬ڲԶϢı˼֡
ڤǶϷ򲻿̤С
˫еʮأ˵ĶԻһ飬ڽؾżȻҪڤڤ֮йѺŵĲħаİ࣬˵Ϊ𾳣Ľڤ֮Уʮаˡȥ
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ҪȰ˵ķͷۿŷѾӽڤڴκϢ׼κ
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ԪĿıΪ˽ڤѰҽİݣǸһԼѾȥˣҪȥѰҽİݡ
ɣ˵ڤжôΣգǽڤǿὫ˺顣
ľͺˣ
īָָе壬Ϊڤ֣ǲŻȥԪ塣
ʱ򣬱Ӹһ֡
С⾹ȻҵȡԪʥ
һ䣬ʼ硣
͵ǵˣڤʱķӡסڤڣ½ԪʦһЩʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ȻзסȺħаǸҪֹ˽ڤϢЩҲ֮⣬ҲһЩֽţֻĿŷʧ
ǰӷӡڴڤ֮С
ģ
ҧŷĵ֣ѾʧǰձжôŨҡ
Ҫ½֪˵ǰڤ治֪ɶӡ
ģֿӱƣҪ
һߣ壬˲Žڤڴ֪롣ڤھͺһ޵ĺɫռ䣬ŨħţҺڽڤ֮ǰ˳׼ÿϵӿԵħ
š
֪˶ãصڶߣöֻ֮ȴ൱ˡ
˵ǻҪ߶ã
˭֪Ų֪Ŀĵڤ˺ǲ⣬˵ڤڷӡиôħΧ˼žǼžʲôǧͷ

˸еȻ䣬һʧظϮ˲׹
Բۣɶүడ
Ӹߴһֱһ㣬˵ΧһƬɫ˻ɫģĺƿƬɫкʲôһ㡣
īҲ˷
ɶ
֪
ڣˮ֮ʱҲǿĶһ
Ӹ߿׹䣬ڿʱϢ٣ûˤķѡ
˴Ӻ˰ߣڴڵĺŲʵĿǻɵգƺҲ
ڤᶼǻɫİɣѹֵġ
ô㻹һ䷿ô
İһ۽ī˵һ˵ĸоʮֵѹ֣˺ǲ
ô˵ҲڤҪСĽһЩȽϺá
ʱһ
˱Խ쳹Ҳˡ
ʮˣΪ׵˺Ҳ˺鿴һڰϵ֮ʣеżֻ
ֻ
Ŀ˿īѩƺ̫ʲô˼ʲôֵζģ
˵ĴӦ֮󣬾ȻҲ顣ڤ֮УǺǣ˵һЦʮʮĳţʲôҴ֮ˣΪ˼˵ΥԼűؽֹڤ֮С

618 ץ

Ŷ
ԭ
һ֮⣬ԭΥԼ֮ˣǻνʮأڿҲʡȥ鷳ˡ
ڵ֪ԷǸɵӵǰ£īװʮյıݺݵ˵š
ҪЩ̫ҵô䵽ز
ī²֮ø첲һ·ѩƺʾϷһļƻ
˭˵أҪЩɵ˱ĸĸڱƵô
ţ
ĵģѩƺҲһӦһ¡
Ϊ׵˿˿ˣϵĳЦ֮ûϹѾϰ˱ڤеĳˡ
Ȼˣץ͵Ӫ
ʾµʿǽץ͵Ӫ֮УҲûʿץסѹ
īļƻܼ򵥣ǻħ֮УΪһԱһһԺܺõĴİݵϢһҲԺܺõԼݣڡ
ǿǺħйһ֮ԵѪħ͵ħҪٵڤǺ롣
˵ˣΪƵĹϵܱܲ˵ħ˵ء
ֲڤǿô࣬ѹøߡ
ųڤǿҲֱ˵ڶ࣬ѹȻߣгħʺ
죬ʲô⣬һᵽӪ۾ϱô̵ġ
Ѻʿһۣȫȫֻ·漴ץķ
ϣĿܣһ˫ѪɫµĴƬɫ硣
ЩЦǰǷѾǧĿıǽڤУ̤ڤȴǱ˳С
֮֮ķġ
ī˷ʲôοѾڤҵİǳ顣
ҪľǱİȫȥҪҵˡ
࡫
ʱѩƺĶӴһ졣
֮ͨǰ˾ûϹһڷˣȻѾ˴˾磬ɻϰʳ͡

ѩƺŷģԼںܶԷķˡ
˵ãīҲôʱ˿̶ǰ󱳡
˶Ѻϣ뿪Ȼ뿪뿪ˣ˭Ҳ֪һᷢʲô飬ЩڲԼݡ
һֱǰţδúϢ˱˫ʱϢҲ֪˶ãֱ˫۵ʱѾͣ
ȥǸӪʡ
ħʿ³ŷˣʾǰԵӪȥ
ӳһҵӵӪʣ˵ӪȴļʮˣǾʮˡ
ӪһɫǴүǣһŮӣȻ˵Ŀ
ǿģʮ˷׷վ۾¿ŷģѾ˵һС
Ϻǣˣ쾹Ȼװ׾ˣиŮӡ
Ϊ׵һҵĿףͷҲס˫˿ɫΪΣӻĸܵ˴˲⡣
ҲԶˡ
ǰһҪץסʱ򣬽īѩƺһĻ

һѩƺ΢΢㽫˵ֱ۶ϣԭǰʮһڸܵѩƺϵϢ֮ʣ׷ȥ
ΪӣΧħ֣ͬҲֹϢ¶ű˲ǵĲѰ֮˵ˣǸоʹõħ֮ʲôϵֻΪǰΥԼڤħı֮ˣ
ʹõǴ֮ǳᱻħͬʱˡ
ӴԺϴ󡣡
һīԼݣӴԺӪϴ󣬱ְ಻ı鿴ǣīѩƺԾԵʵɵѹԭҪεˣ۶ֱ۵˺ݺݵؿѩƺȴΪʵĲֲ˵
ʲôֻаսīһԡ
ץ֮ˣӪֻʣһɢͼħģˡ
ιʲôطīŲԶЩ꣬ӦֻʮӣȻ켣һ˿˿ƦīܿóΣֻǸ
²뱻ˡ
ңô
걻īţȷϵʽīǲڽԼ
㣬ʲô֣ôֵطˡ
ī꣬һʮħӪУСС;ΥʲôԲŻ顣ˡ
īˣǽīΥԼ顣ڤħˡ
ȿȡ
īεĿʾԼΣʲôط
Ϲĵؽ磬ұԻħ֮ͱץˡ˵Լԭħɽеһͨͨˣ͸ĸһɽпŴΪԴӼǰħ֮͸׾ͱ
һսֻһӪУҲ֪ĸһɽпɻá
㻹ĸף
ī仰ʱǾ棬˵ӡ֮Уħ綼Ӧôôе
˶ĸ׵ġ
ǱīһûͷûԵĻ̼ˣˣҲԼߣ׼κĸס
īҲԼ仰еĲףԼ֮
ģǽī˻ʲôӡħ粻ûûĴ֮ͽôôСӿȴһ⡣
ħİգѰգǸʲôҪⲻոն顣ڤôܶ黹ǲ˽ģҪȻС˵˵
īһЩҲΪԼŵ֮ԵǸҲʲô֮Ҳͺ˵һ˵ڤеһЩ顣ڤȷȷʵʵǹѺ֮ͽħΥԼˣǣǧʱУкܶܶѾˣµĺ
޹ģƬֻлɫнԼļ԰
ûжеıҪŰǴ֪ʲôɫܺͼһƽƽɡ
żǰڤңֵȺ¹ħ֮Ǵ
ȵȣħ֮ǲô
ĲΪħ֮Ǵ仰˼źһҲֻ֪˵Ѫħ֮ˣԪħ̫ҪѪħ߽⡣

619 ħôô

Ŷ
仰ˣȻѪħħǸʲô̫ӵˣȫȫǸһӣʵͲͣҪ˶Է
׻˵úãҪ󡣡ֻذļǵõϾ֮ϵһĻĻѪħζԴǵģ񱻵ħ̫ӷҧһڣ֪Ϣĸо
ôˬ
֮أڤ֮ʲô飬ˣ˵ħ׷һнİݵˣ
վʳԼһֱҪʵĻҲûжɣû˸ڤΪλ֪ħ׷ɱİݵɵ㡣
Ϊǽİݵȡħʥʥڤе˵ǽռб̤ߵľ磬ħŻ׷ɱ׷ɱİݡ
ڤ˶֪飬ԴϾ֮ѪħڤԪҹʥеʥﶪʧ
ǶʧһҲֻѪħһ׷ɱİݣѪħħ̫ػʥҲİݵߡ
ǽİݱץסô
һҡҡͷʾԼ֪ӦûбץסɣҪȻħΪλ׷ɱİݣ˵İݺüζΪģһΪߵŮ˰֣һҲ
ڰа
˵СϢϢʵɿΣǾͲˡ˵ħûץİݣһڰаʱ򣬷İ³һǣǾߵŮ⼸ֵʱԭƽ
üͷ΢΢
ŮǺ˷Ȼˣһΰ½ԪħʱľŮ˱Ǽ
ûе¶Ϲ롣
īоѪɫ˫ѹοŷıģİʲôеˣԲĵ顣
ֻԼ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĻ³һһֱڽİߣԼôųڤ
һһ꣬ӽʼİݶڤһձǧһ㣬ڤεΣյĵطǸȴֻЦĨȥһеգһ
ˣⲻô
īŷĵļ򣬸Ŵӷϱŷ֮⣬΢΢̾һ
ʱһŽ֮ӪеǷ׷״ÿ߳ӪʣҲһ
߰Ҫˡ
˸վж֮УŽ֮һȺħʿǾۼڿյϣԵһ´ǧҡ
ϼһʿںǽˣΪϹʿӦô
վǧǰħٹʿֻһɱ֮䡣
ãҪϼһúõĿʲôħ羫Ӣǳһǵζ
ħΪף˺ƺƵĸһϿȣϿȵĶͬۼһȺħʿ죬д֣Ӧþڵľˡ
ߣû뵽Ⱥ°ܽˣãһͬȺʰˣ̤ƽϹǵأ壡
սʿǣɱڵĹӣÿͽʮң
˲䣬˫ʼɱڵʿϹǵʿǴƬ̼ѪɺţŨѪζʴԺ
˵ܴǲеͻȻһ׶˼򵥡
ģʷƱƵս˫Եĳپһ仰ȻͿʼĻڵأԴ첲ҷɡ
ιǲɵʲô壬ȥô
Ҫǰȥīæץס
һĿŽī
ȥɱǮðҪǮûؼҸҰ衣
ǲǽˮˡ
ͬǵī˿ӣװǲһʺ
ҪǿǹڤͽİݵһЩ飬ǲŲء
ߣҡ
˵ʱʱ죬īץסĺѩƺһͬʧԭء
֮ĸѾϿȸ߸ߵɽ֮ϣŲһƬս
Բۣħ˴ôô
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ɣҪǱү㣬ʬ嶼ڲˡ
īֿһѪһƬսһ۹ȥսѾû˻ˡ
ħ˴˴ǰѶִǰԼĿ죬ҪȻһὦһѪϾϴ·ַ¶ġҲǰĻˣǰȻҲ̣ɴûһĻſŵѪζһ˵ϡ

620 ڳ

Ͽ֮ϣĿѪȲҵһĻֻգ֮䣬ħΪɱ̶ȫ뿪ĻҲȻڴ

Ǵ뿪һƬ֮زΪʴȣ󲿷ԭΪڤ֮һ򵼱ȽϺð¡Ͼ˭Ҳ֪һʲô⣬ֻʲôˣ⣬˳էҪһڤȽϤ˿кܹϵ
򵼣ɾˡ
ħˣְ
īһħˣ֮Ҫ˼δõðβŻƵվ͸¶ŵĿ־֮Ա
ôؼô
֪Ǳץģ滹һĸڵĻѡؼҡ
ʱǸߴ̽һЩ顣
ؼңһڼ
ؼңڤҳһƬѾˣԲĸʲôΣշ
Ļʶ˶Էһۡ
Ҳڲ֪гΪ˵򵼣˽ŹڤеһЩ顣
ôһ˵Ҳµ˽һЩ顣
ڤһռ䣬ʼǹѺħȵȵĽ֮أһʽ޿ռ䡣ڤֽ飬˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼΪ˽ħǾݴԣΪ֮ǰϹŻսʱħѪɺӣ
գħ类ѹڤ֮УԴˣ߳Ϊ˷ӡħԼԼ֮˵Ľ֮ء
˵ڤʷš
Щ鼮ϴûпãĿ˿ܻҰɫһƬڤʱ˿̵ļѾһСıԵش
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԰ɣǰҳԹһΣǼҵİӺܺóԵġ
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ʾ˿˰ӣȻǺһŵĵطϢһ¡
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Σն˵Ѿϡƽҳ㷹ˣȻڤУҪ׼ʱʱ̶̿Σյ׼
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ÿһԼĺڳڤһĵĴͳħϲܶܣȭͷ˵ڳħ֮һᣬֻҪںڳӮıһʤܻӦǮƣһʤ˼ʮ
ܵطͷͷᱻгΪµı͡
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ڼڵĳˮǣˮ˵󲻴˵ССȻֻһ򣬵ڳԶ
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ˣħõǮƺõǮƲһͣڤһƵĻͨϵĻҸ޷ͨ
˵ˣ˼ǮħѣǸԼûȤô
ڤͨǮƽħղССӿӣʵħһ߽߱ǽǶѡ
Ǯô
īŷģѩƺϵǮڷĵϣڵķĿ˵Ǹɵй
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ߣİ취Ȼ㲻գȥΡ
İһ۽īʲôʱ˻ĥĥģڳ˵׬ǮĵطҲǻ鱨֮ء
үǸƻүǣŲҪء
˭֪㻹ǲǻƻүǡţīһķŭЩҪԼĿʲôĻƻүǣڹؼʱûͱ
ѩƺ߷ˡ

ѩƺʾսĸϢɡ
ҪȥôڳһΣյĵطˮǵĺڳҲǸ˷׶֮ء
ͷСȥڳˡ
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صڵϡ
ѵĿյһӰ˳һֳŵһ̤ڴ󺺵ϣһг¸һ͸
棬ķӦӦǾп־ȵȣ˵һ˳ơ
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һĻŵùǺһˣȷҪȥڳôʮֿ϶ĻشȰͷ

621 Сӳúܱô

ڳͺвࡣ
Ǻдģڳһ̨̨ħȭӣֻΪӮһ켣Ⱥеķ̧ۿܣڽڳ֮ǰĽ׷òϾǺѪħħǴģ˼ҵĵϣС
±ȽϺá
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ѩƺʾİĹͺãʣµ齻ͽī
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ϺǣϸƤСģӻ治ð
į̄ʱһĴҲ̨һ˫۾īʱе˶ĵҪ
ȻīҲ󺺵񿴵ŭһӾͱ
㿿һ˵үûס
īЦţЦǽһΣգƺǰװ׾ĽīУǰҪϷһ½ī
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˵ʱʱ죬ԭȴϷһħֻ֮һ£ֻд󺺵ڵͦ塣
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˲Ŀ˿˴ˣ߷׷̨ϣղŶʲô¶ôûпôǰװ׾Ĺ̵ģ
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ī˨ٸֶż˫Ѳܣнһ
Ŵ󺺵أڶս̨Щһ˫۾ľʮֲƣһͲ֮ͨ
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ǽīС˹ǣֻɱе࣬ŶӶŲϺš
ڰ˹ǳڽīǰзĵ׼Ƥ֮ʱһȻذİᶯ˸
ֻǱ׼ŽīĵӾȻ˹ǵ棬û

һźһ죬˹ǵʬӿ̨ϱīһ
վ̨ԵĲҲǲǵΪλͻȻ˸
ðΣȵлعī˵ڶʤ
һʤԻħʮħĽīպãȴŵսߡ
ȴĽīѩƺҪԵõ͵ĺܶ࣬һϳ˱ܣѾת˲ħ㹻һʱˡ
ߣīѩƺڴ̨ǮҲûš
һưĽ䣬һŵҩߵСڽе߿еĵҩæ˻У̧ͷ˿ģŷ˫Ѫɫӵʱһ㶣ܿ죬
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֪ʲô⡣
߻ָһĵĮŷҪ֪ʲô顣ߵĻظ΢΢üͷǿʵߵĴڣڤֻ֪Ҫ㹻õĶͿʵҪ֪
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ߵĵҩԪ뿪֮ʱ˳ģһ֪ͬʱ˳˲ٵҩƻѪ
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Ƿʳĵһ⣬ڤһҳһô
ĻȻŵģЩ黹Ҫȷһ±ȽϺã˭֪Щǲĳļơ
ңǧڤҵһΡ
Ϊʲô
ļߣɫӵݻƵ֣ʾǷʳĵڶ⡣
Ϊİݣİݵȡħı󱦱۷ڤ
Ȼһк˵ûж졣
⣬İʲôط
Žİݵλãüͷԭȥͷ̧˷һۡ
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ƺʲôһ㣬ŷеʼ˵һ仰
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İѪɫ˫һ仰ȴвϲϷĻδֹκβİݵֵĵطǽ򣬶ȥΨһĿľĺ⣬İĺ׷һħޣ
˳Ϸһ䣬ħ˳Ҳ֪İڣǰĺ׷ɱ
£ڽеվŷ˫ѪɫһۣתûȺʧ
վԭصķ˼߻е٣ΣܱͷúáʳԼҪ֪Ϣ۷̨ȥҽīѩƺһҪԭʮ̨һͬĺڳֻʣֱ̨ǽī
ѩƺˡ
ԴԴϵս̨ҪܽīѩƺΪħ
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ʮʤ
в֪īѩƺ֣Ŷ˵ʤһʱ䣬ڳ˸˷
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̫ˣһ϶ֵ˶ûУÿĻīѩƺǮ뿪̨
ʵô
ŵλʵˣϸڻȥ˵
ĵ˵ͷʾڽİݵ뿪ڳ֮˵
һԵͿˣ̨ϷһĻĻĿ棬û뵽
˰үͣȥһٺõģ
ȻٸħʲôҲǶģȻҪúõسһٽԼ
뿪˺ڳһ±״̬·Եʮ־н
ѽɶģҪɵ㶵ǵ·أȾƱ
īһƣԼֱžƺ˵Ȼڤɵƣˮڿڳݼζӣʮִ

622 

Ŷŵˣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá
ǰֻΪΥԶڤ࣬ȴоһֺĸоʲôоһʱ˵
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īһǰ棬̧ͷ˿īſ˻ȥ
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ڤϤĺܣҪǰĺѰҽİݡ
ŷĵĻعͷŷ˫Ѫɫ˫գҡҡͷīе
ѾжûгԵˣʲôζ
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ǸɶԲɣ
ǣٹɽͷҼˣǸµġ
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ī֮鶯֮˵ţǲҪǴĺ֮УֻҪԵشʣµ·ǿԼǰС
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Ҫ֪ڤ֮УһħһѰ˼ҹһʳοǺüٸħ˵Ȼġ
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623 ǰĺ

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ڳ֮оϢ֪Ƿĵʱ򣬰ѩǼ˼ǧ겻һ
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ͼѩ˫֣ʾ鵽ͽˡ
ǾСǿ˲١
һμѩ˱仯СһҲǿ˲١
ѩƺ佱ţѩʮְͦţһ˫Ӷµİڶţģжôţˡ
ǵȻˣ֮ħ죬ħҲøӲǡ
˵ˣħڵ˿Ƿأڲ֪ͺͷĵ޽Լ˵ǿȻǿ
ڷִﵽ˴˾磬ڤ֮УħǿˮŲ֮һͻľ磬ɳڡ
֨֨Ľţѩ˷ĵļղŷĵա
֨֨֨֨
ѩǸˣīȴһɨˡ
ԭΪܼ񵽸ʲôȥû뵽һԵĶ
֨֨
ܵ˽īı飬Сһһ˫Ӷ˲˫СȭͷƺŽīıʲô˼
īǰһ۰ѩͷųԻ֡
ѩ֮е飬˭Ҳ֪Ȼڤ˴ˣһ޴ɽѾˣȻڤûкҹ֮֡
дˣһӲ˷Ȼʲôζȣÿһ涼֮ܰ飬ʰζ޷ȡġ
Ҳĸ˵ǰĺ飬֪˾֮ĸͬΪǰĺһҪСġ
һĸ׶Զӵİĸ׻𣬴̤ǰĺ·;
ĸʱһǸˡ
ī˵۹ݶȻѾǸϸˣѿ´ݲеԵǧ֮˵ľա
īţɬЦš
ʧڣжġ
仰ûĸںӵĿģֻڷ˵ĸЩİİʱǾԼĸġ
ûĸףȻеϹ⡣
ʮһˣʦʦ󣬽ȥı죬һеĶʦ
īˣʮһɱֵͯе飬ΨһмıһǹǳǺȴԼȴޱ޾ĺڰ
ѩƺȻڸ˼ңĸ׺ҲȥˣѩһүΧתܸܵõүү͸׵Ĺģվᵽĸʲôо
˵ţĽĽһʱʱ̶̿ĸס
ǰĺ·ģĺڤˣΪ֮ء
ΨһֵҵǵĵطҲڤˣĺֻһµ·̣ù̫ӵĵ̡
ħѪħħ̫ӡ
Ѫħħ棬֪̫Ӻ͵ħǺѣ̫ץסǣ³Ȼö롣
Ϣһϰɡ
ųǽдŵ֣ľīϢһ죬ȵ̼·
үҪԺõĳԣ
֨֨
īҪһ٣Сһȫͬ⣬ѩƺҲû˵ʲôҲգһ·ʱҲǸúúõĲһӪˡ
һ޽īǣīڤȽҪһУռ֮䷱ĳ̶Ⱥ˽Ĺûκ
㣬ҵ˸ѵλãԱ߳һ߿Ϸīʾļ˿һ㣬һ̵Ļλþͻᱻ˰ռˡ

624 ʿ棿

ڤĳīǣʱīһҹȵڶٴ̤ǰĺó̡
ջУϷӳŲ֪ĵӣȻʳʲôСʮһһԴĸо
һζʢĸڷϣΧԱһŮӿк߳СһΧ̸ŹĺһЩ顣īǾĺıԵҲֻʮ·̣ĺһΪյĵطݴдħԼ֪δ֪ǴҲܴĺ
ġ
˵ôȡʥǸİھĺ֮С
ļٵģ˭˵ģŴ˻˷׷תͷĿǲĿ˵ӣӶһﭹĹͷһӣƺܲϲһ㣬˫ۺ˵
֪Ϣ
ǻмôҲ˭ң϶ҵϢмٵô
϶Ĺͷǵһ۷ԼǸˡ
ǻţǰһʱһۼİء
ʹɣȶ˾ƾͿʼ֪ħΪ׽ýİݺķ˶ٵѪյ˵ǰһʱǣôûϱħء
˶϶˵Ļţ˭֪϶һʲôӵˣȶ˾ڤܴġ
϶ģֺ˲ٵļپơҿû˵ٻǰʱ䣬һǰɣҺҼ϶;ĺԵɭ֣ӭһʱһû룬Щ
һǽİݵˡ
϶ԼԴ֤˵ĻȫȫʵģȺ಻ţǱ˵ˡ
ð˵˵ô֪Щǽİݺͼǣħ͸߼׷õĵ
һʣ϶ЩסˣҲ˵һҰٷ֮ٵȷϽĺ˾ǽİݼһˡ
ź壬϶һΣһ˵Լû˵ѡ
ĻǼٵģ
ٷ֮ʮɡ
Ų豭ǳһ裬ĵĿ˵Ĺͷϡ
һǰĺıԵ棬޷жĻǼ٣һõϢ
İݵˣһ뵽Ǹξ
˵һνĵ˼ʵ϶˵Ҳ٣ҵ˵һ飬ħ׷ǰĺЩ׼ž޶ͽҲȥĺĿɾ
İˡ
϶ͽİݼû˭ҲϵֻһЦͰˡ
ħ͸ͽֵľٶʮ⡣
ĺİȺĽĺĻܻܲų¶
˭˶֪ĺĿ³̶ȣħҲֻĺıԵشŽİݵ˳֣ǽĺǴĺ·ֻһ
ħһͽɱҪãȴŽİֻԼͶ
˵ģĽ˫ȭһ˫Ѫɫ˫֮ɫ
ڷļϵİѩСצգƺڰŷĵ
֨֨Сһһ˫۾д˵ǹԼο飬һԵĽīѩƺǰοŷģĺȻ׶֮أԽİ˵Ҳǰȫ
֮ߡ
һУ͵ǵĺ֮
ݵС֮󣬼˸ԻصԼķϢʼ޷˯һ۾սİĳ
ʱһڵƿһ㿴ѩںһͷȫҰɫĶｩš
ѩȻͷСһЩʮ㣬ǰ
֨֨
̸ȵģȻҴ򱾴үע⣬Ҳү˭ײĹӣ
໣
ӭŰѩ֨֨ǱǻҪ޴͵ﶢǰСӣһ˫ɫ۾
֨֨
ƨҪǸǰһүʬȡ
űԼ֪ٱѩȫİëը⻹ǷĵһμСһ㣬ѩ˺Σա
˳Ŵӣ˶¥Сѩķ˼ϡ
ȷվعͷԵ֮ʱЩסˣǹʿô
ԣʿûǰ͹ʿһĨＸһͷĹţôˡ
أ
ƹʿĶŷģһ˫ɫӶͷϵӡǸ˾һͷ޴汾Ĺʿˡ
֨֨
˹ʿڿŷģվڷļϵİѩȲˡ
֨֨֨֨
ĹӴĵע⣬үһҪʬȥ
˵ʱʱ죬ѩһӰȥСצӳŹʿȥǹʿȻӴ󣬿ɶȴʮġ
ڰѩʱ򣬹ʿðѩ˸գСһǲˡ
֨֨
ɵһҪŪ㣡
ء
ʿһ˫ɫĹۺǱӵĿűԼ֪ҪС϶ٵСӣֻҪһžܲСȻҸ
һʱ䣬ʿͰѩǰɵӰսһһʱֲʤ
⻹Ƿĵһοħ޺Ͱѩôõʱ䣬Ѱħޣоͻᱻѩ˺Ƭ
ҷ磬
ڹʿͰѩѷ֮ʱһ𣬶ʱڰкͰѩսĹʿص˵ϡ
ѩҲվڷĵǰСצһһ˫Ĵ۾ǰĴ󹷣дơ
֨֨
ɵ˰ɣ֪ү˰ɡ
أ
㣬һʺӻģߣ
ԣʿԾɱŰѩЦŰЦСӸ򲻹ҪһὫǰķҧˡ
֨֨
˵һ顣
أ
˵һٱ鶼ɣʱ㡣
֨֨
ھʹҪŪ㣬Ӵħաѩ͹ʿһ֨֨֨ĽиͣһصĽиͬԣһһСڳܣȻһĻʲô˼ɿı̬
Ҳܲµóһ
ҷ硣
˵𣬽ҷĹʿԹԵĶڵϣͷһ˦ٴѩ
˰ѩ
ҲѩԼļ׼ȥ
λµĳǷŵ㡣
ִ˵Ŀл
һ۱㿴Ůӵװ磬򵥡
ڱʿ޴εţĲûп˵ĳ࣬˵ˣҲ˳ò˰ɡ
ް
ļ򵥵Ļظһ䣬Űѩתȥ
еΪΣصջķĽԾİѩ˲輸ϣǿСιѩԡ
֨֨
ΪʲôסүɵǱүĶ֡
˺ˣǰѩǿˣµһħҲĶ֣Ǵ˲С˹
ָŰѩԹӣŵİѩҲһƨ˲輸ϡ֨֨֨֨

625 үģ

ѩ֨֨Ľţ˷ڻܺԼͨСצմմˮڲ輸ϻԼҪ˵Ļ
СһǻһСӣֻһӣȻСӲԼ˴ӵϡ
˼ǣҪڽɳˣ
˰ѩ˼ĿͷСһ
֨֨
ǱүԼ֮ˡ
ȵӴڽɳڣĺħүҲһצǡ
ϣɶأô˯
׼һЩҹԵĽī˷ķһžͿһһС˵ʲôɳڵ顣
ģηˣͦģٴĻô
īֻ˸룬Ϊ˵ٴγɳ飬ŮҪģǰ͹ҲǸոպãҪٴ˰ɣҪȻγ
һһƴ˽īԴϡ
һ´νŵʱţڶŲη
ŷĴһĨɭЦ⣬īſˮҡͷ
ү˻ôǸղ˵ʲôɳڣ
˻⣬īŷķ˵ʲô
ǰѩѩղ˵ԼҪڽɳˡ
ԲۣļٵģҪɳˣ
ģīڵ֪Ϣʱ𾪡ħ찡ӿǴħ죬ڵĴħͿԵ߽ħޣĸԲһצЩֻ¯죬
ӾȻҪڽ˳ɳڡ
ôô˷ܣ
Ĳ̫⽪ī˷ܵصȻѩɳɱҲʮָˣΪʲôī˷Щͷ
ܲ˷ôھܵһħޣȵ˳ɳڣǽոµһ硣
īͷ˵ԼпһЩ顣
Դ֪֮ħ֮󣬽īû¶ͻв鿴һЩڴħ飬Ȼز࣬Ҳ˽һЩڴħϢ
ڵĴħ쳤޺һ˫צ˺ڴħԱһܡ
ȴɱɳ֮󣬴ħȫȫһµľ磬ñ̤˾磬Ҫ
Žī˵Źڴħ飬Ҷ˷ܵԭ򣬶һԵİѩʼ߸ߵİͷǱжôţˡ
û£¾Ǵħ죬
˵īͷǰһڱӣ˵һ֡Ȼ˵ڵĴħһɳڣʵּαȻ˵ɱɽ٣ʱǴħΪĽ׶Σʲô⣬Ϊһ
ֻ󡣡
ī˵Ŵħɱɳʱڣħ춼ἫССⶼɴħزۡ
ԣһѩ̤׶ΣͱҪĺǻаֲأĽվǰѩļա
Žī˵һѩͷķ׷׸ϵһ䣬Сһ
ղɱڵĻǻɵһצ
գգ
Ժ׼嶯֪ô
֨֨
ү֪ˣʱ䱾үһʵʵĸߡ
ѩˣҲˣΪ֪ԼʲôʱɱڣղʲôĻħһӢͻɵС
֪ɱǶã
ҪǰĺĺΣձ鲼ֱʱΰѩɱڣǶ˵ʮΣյĴڡ
ֻ֪˵еĴħɱҪһ꣬дħֻҪһʱɴɱΪڵĴħ졣
ԣɱڵʱ׽֪ıҪʱںúõչ˰ѩԷֹʲôⷢ
˵ˣȥ˯ˡ
īǳҹģû뵽ôãˣҲˣ͵ˣ
ŹǷī뿪˷ĵķ䣬뿪ʱţڲ輸ϵİѩһ˫ˮ۾ŷģд˵ǡ
֨֨
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ģߣǷյ飬ҶỤǡ
֨֨
ãҪ˵ĻһȢ㡣
ĸжĲҪҪģѩСԴӲŷĵָ֪˯ˡ
ա
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ģīѩƺĸÿ˶һ˫米ⱳ糿ȥ÷̶ģ˸Ʒ;ȼװҩƷȵȡ
˫米ŨȤо˺ðţ֮˿
ʱ֮һ׼һ̳׼뿪īǰĺ֮ء
һ뿪īǣǰĺ·ϲһһ䣬еֻһƬԭ֣ԼɼΣա
Է˵ʲôĺԽž뽪İԽ
һ޳뿪īǣһ·ϵг̻ǰȣżûҰޱĸ˿ʳ֮⣬Ҳûʲô̫⡣


ڵгУͻưôѰˮҲͰˣڴºͣα˱ۡ
ʹڿյ֧Ųڼ±塣š
Ϸžˮñڻˮ
Բۣ㿴ôıһ̣
īһԲ˼һ˳Žīָŵķ򿴹ȥȭͷıݺݵڵϣһӡ
ô±ʯء
ǻ˸߼񣬰ϰĴ꣬Ǹ˹עʲôط䣬ˮ֮ƣһ仰ţƣ
Ҳʶţ֮һķͱЩȭͷıҳһˡ
үڣδôı
īıһȭͷı쳣ҪǷ˼䣬ָɶôصֺء
ѩ̫Ծ
Ŀſһ˰İѩƽ˷㣬СһﶼǺͽīѩƺԵģǰȴûɶθڣѲɽɱô
֨֨ڷ˫ϵСһ̧ͷһ˫ڵĴ۾֮УԾǻ˻СצʾĲҪģǳԻˣ˯һ
ˡ
Ľɱڡ
ƽ浽˷ڣ𿴰ѩκͺһСθȴһͷϻҪǲֿһЩһ˿¡
Сдûθڲȷǽɱˡ
ӣ㿴ɶ
īһֻոտļڰѩǰȥȫ᲻İѩݺݵصһ۽īԹ
֨֨
үģӵţӾһЩ㻹Nɪ
ϣ⼦ȿ㣬ʶζʵƷеļƷأɣѩɱڣȫ᲻񣬾һոճСһʮֵĴ

626 ĺ

ѩɱڣʮִҪϸĵչˣǷʲô⣬롣
ǣڽīѩƺ˵ȴĺ£Ϊһˡ
ǽīÿÿԷʱ򣬶ڰѩǰNɪһСһĹĵı飬̵ĳʳ
֨֨
ѽӵţɱ֮󣬾һ㶼Բ
ѩһ˫Ĵ۾һ۽īκδɱڵǽīĶֻ֣Ŀǰȥ޿κΡ
ѩмһˣȵɳڣô׽Ūī˵ġ
ſڷĵĻУΪ̫ƣ۵ĹϵСһ˯˹ȥ
ǰһ۽īˣôСһɡ
Żн˯˵Сһ΢΢̾һм֮⡣
ǾĺԽԽˣҲԽԽΣա
֪ѩɱھǶãī˵ħɱڻǽһʱ䣬һ꣬ǼĺǽһʮΣյĵط
ڻδ̤ĺĵشĸܵŵΣϢҪ˵ӽĺĺС
еĵڵİѩ˭Ҳ֪һᷢʲôΣգһСһƽƽȹɱڵġ
İɣûô
īȻ֪ĵİѩʲôΣգÿһħҪĽ׶ΣСһĽɱڣҲĶϼأħȻǿ֮ҲΪˣڴħڽɳڵ׶ΣضŴħʱ룬Ҫô
ǽ䲶׽ҪôǽҪΪСʱΡ
ÿһħƽȹɱڣСһʳĲб̶ȣһƬ½һ˭ء
ſڷĻ˯İѩû˵ʲôֻǳԼ֮С
һûһŹĺ飬ıţҲûиͣס
ɣҲġ
ʵеûκʱ䣬īĥʱ⡣

ô֪ʲôŽīӱóһ֪ǺĺֽƬֱ𷢷Ÿĸˡ
ү㽲Ĺ򡣡
īҲҪҪһ涷ԹԵĽ˶Ĺ򣬲ҸʲôƿԳʲôƲԳ
ڶעô˲ûжǮѡڶԷֽΪͷķʽ
һʼǺϤĹ򣬵ģ˽еĹ
ò˵ܴ֪˹ܹ֮ʮﰵʾԼע⼸˵ı飬жϵũеʲô
һţQ˵ţһ÷Q˵ϣΪũŷĺѩƺɹѹ˵ΪĽīüͷµĿ

Сǲˣ
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׼ȷ˵˽īʣµ棬īƵʱ򣬹Ȼ˵һʣһK
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ˣթҪʤһˣô˵˼
˵һӿʼ涷ʼһֱ͵ƣɾˣӮ١
вУӾͲԼˣһ᱾үһҪСӡ
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ˣǸøгˡ
Ϻǣʲôʱͣģ
ī̧ͷҲһ棬֪ʲôʱѾƽ
ʰ񣬽۵ѩƺأʵᣬҲϰǴһ㡣
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򵥵ʰһ£̤ǰĺó̡
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û͹ı飬һŻſ˵ϣһٶ⵽˽īĳЦ
׻˵úãǲʱδոճЦĽīҲˤһʺǧһ֮ʻסҪȻ˲ɡ
ʲô
Ǳ·վīϵˮ
ڵ
Ӧûмվܵĺˡ
˿ΧߵĲԭȻûʲô꣬Ǽǵ·ġǰ׻ŵʱΪ治òǰƬԭ׽һЩС͵ħȡǮĺıԵشΪֹɢȥ
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һƬԭһϿȣԽϿȱĺˡĺڤҲ̫ӵĵ̣ȻĺдŴħޣɺħ뿪ĺ˭Ҳ֪еԭʲô˶˵
ΪϿһγһӡסĺĳڣħ޲׽
һյγɣ˼߲ݵĴԽ˻ԭڻԭľͷȻ˵һϿȡ
ϿȺ첻֪߼ʣϿȵ´ȷɢŨصζԼԼܿŵҽ
Ͽ֮ĲǸһֲֿоϿȣ԰ټɫɫˡûĻЩ˶ڤͽɱ֣׽ýİݣֿ־ĺǿһֱϿȵһˣõȴŽİ
˵ĳ֡
֮Уͽɱ֣ħڽϿ֮ʱ˱㴩˺ɫĳԷֹѪħϳǡ
ϾϾ֮ʱ˿ǴʣѪħԼһħӡ̣˭Ҳұ֤᲻ϳǡһ˵ȻǴ˾Ϊ֮ˣ˭Ҳұ֤вֲУ˵Ǻһƽħ֮˲ûʲôΪ
Ŀǰ˵СĽһЩȽϺá
ĸһԱߣһȼŷžڻԱ߿ʳ
ϿȾͿԽĺˣ
Ľ֣һħĻС
ٷԻȥˡ
˵̫Σգ˽Լں֮УҲѱᷢʲô⣬ԣľ뿪
һӵħ̧ͷŷġ
ҪȥĺôΣա
ʮֵķĵİȫʵʱһѾ֪˷ĺ˵ݡ
ԼȻһƽΪħ֮ˣҲ˵֣Ҳ֪ͬѪħͷ֮飬ںЩȻ֮ˣħƲǰ˾ԲǴαӡ

627 

ţȻĿıˡ
֮£Цš
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˵һʮΣյĵطҲˣȥĸž۰ɡ
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лл
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ŽʧеīЩˡ
ô˵Ҳദһʱ䣬үͦϲСӡ
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ڵĽīԹԵĵȼ𣬵ŷĿǳԡ
ҹɫŨҵĺУȼճžƬžҹи
ſƮɢڿУ˵۾ﭹĶŷеĿ⣬ʿİѩˡ
ѩľȥ˺ܶࡣţȡӵѩ˺ܶࡣ

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ڷĵļϣѩһ˫۾һһĿīѩƺǼǵʱûٸɻ¡
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գСһĿ˹ʿҷ޴ϣ֨֨Ľţģƺҷ;Ͷһ㡣
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Ƥʳ˿ģ㲻Ҫҧôбҧ
أ
ҷһ˫ɫ۾˿ѩȻ˵Сһָ˲پ񣬵԰ѩڵҷһצӾܰСһķɡ
׻˵úã˲С˹ҷħޣСһʶ
ĹСûĻϵֻӦ֮ħ졣
׶Űѩ¿ͣ˷֮⡣
վڷļϵСһţƵһ鲻˵Ҳ֪Ҫʲô˼
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ûȰѩ棬С˲ſڷĵļֶԸ̧һ£ȻϡϾѩɱڡ
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׹ӣȵ֮ǱҪֱˣӿɻǵӦҵ顣
ĹģСһΥ֮Լ
ױŸл֮飬յԣһͬǰĺ֣֮Ӧʷ֮顣
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շһĨǰףҲʼµг̡
Ҫ򵽶֣֮Ҫһֻмʵ֮ĴӣȥҲûһţֻһľɴӡ
ӵİһЩľľͷľƯںϣŴŴǰн
ôǺӣֱǺˣ
ںƯţһҪסԷֹļĺˮУһҪСʳ㡣
أ
һСʳҷ缰ʱ֣һצӽʳնϣŲľϵļ˱ʳѹ
Сģһʳ㡣
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˵ʱʱ죬һʳѸٵ˼ʳ㣬ľΧס
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ұߣ
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ȻʳɵһͷǼܲסԸ࣬ںϣһľײǵ䵽ˮ֮³֪
ʲôʲôֻԵһ𣬱ľӵĲѿһľͷҲļĺԽƮԽԶܿıʧ˵֮С
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˲ûڿնУǰǣƬϺʲôһ㣬ʹ޷ڿգֻվڴϵֵһһʳĹһһʳѳ룬ѪȾһƬŵѪζʳ˷ͬʬҲ̼ʳɾգֻ֮ʣһ
ͷӡ
а취ˡ
ˮ翪һʳ㣬һƲߡ
ɶ취
ѪҺУȺʳͬ黹ǵˡ
԰
ҲƻĿԣҪƽѪ֮ʱѩƺץס˷ģҡҡͷֹľٶ
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ɽٳΪȺʳռ˱ˣǾͳ׵׳Ϊˡī׺ѩƺ˵ѪҺУһ㣬ȺʳˣΪѪȵĺˮвѪҺζǷֲͬ黹ǵ
ˮе࣬һʱ䣬Ⱥʳ㿪ʼ˺ҧƬ̵ʱ䣬һȱȫʳ㷭˰׶ӣ㡣
Σǹȥˣļźݺݵ³һ
ϰҪóԵģүѪ̫࣬ҪúòһָܻԪ
˺ݺݵթһʣīԴΪҪЮģȵϰҪԺõҪͺõġ
һľˮ֮ʱһоյĵ˶԰
ںе˽ƣһڵϴڴڵĺʿ
үҪջѼӶ±⳴󳦡
īͿѹڲ˳İһ۽īһۼ֮֡
ֲ֮ʲôïʢԭʼɭ֣һЩħ޵Ϣ֮⣬κǿϢѹ
ˣǵǸ˵ĻôϸӦǰѶɽٵĳɵˡ
˵֮Ӧûʲôħ޴ڣ˵ˣΪʲôͻ˵˻֮ʿСӾͲ˵˻أ
ҷͺΪɶܿԣѲΪӻûнڣ
ˡ
شīǾף˵ҷʹħ֮ԲЩħһ˵˻ҪԭΪħҷ绹ڣûнڡڣҷʹħ춼ɱڣڽɱĴħ˵ҷħԽǽӽɱڱԽǿ󣬵ȫȫɳڣ
ǰǿġ
ž׵ĽͣīףҲ֪ЩиûдסϢһᣬ֮У罪ī˵֮ûʲôΣյħ޴ڣΨһ𺳵ıǾ޴Ĳԫ֮أԼһȥʱ
޴ʬ塣
ϸɵĳô
ڵѾˣҲȻ޴棬ΨһмֵҲֻۣ˵ûʲôô
Ȼ֣֮Ҳ׷ֱʱˡ
׹ӣǺڣټ빫ӼסԼԡ
лչˣСȻ֮Ԥ
˫ֱȭһ˫ЦŽԶȥһˣֱĵӰȫȫʧС
ҷھߣһ˫ɫʮֲĿԼˡ
أ
ˣѾУΪҪ
һ仰зųߵ㣬ұҲ֪ǻᾭȤ顣
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣԭŵ޺ױ쳣а֪ʱ׵Ķͷϸֳһӡǣӡ̲صǿֲֿ
ģĪҪñʧźã뿴ߵʱ
£ڿնʧʣʱȥķĵ˲֪׵ı仯׼֮ǰǺĹĹ
ģþǻ򵥣뿴ȥôɵơ
īñĴݾףȥôõĴ˵Լ롣һ·ȻֵʮֱҪһ飬һĺûһΪֵĺеѹǸһġ

632 Ĺ

ԣ׵ʵԲ򵥡
ߣã֮ʾ˵ʵĹؼһ㣬ǹǵNPC
ʼգīѩƺ˾ûȫιףʼնȥӱŽġ
һôأڵϢǲġ
ЦţǸֶЦѾ˵һС
Ӿ׳ֵһ̿ʼı˽䱸֮⣬ҪһĻһĻķʵȴ˾İŲ߻ġʲô˷Ĳ֪ǾǵͬʱҲڷþĳʲô飬Իڵһʱ佫Ƴȥ

˵ˣɵŻһ֮˵޽ԼöԷԡ
ǿɻǵýĺ֮ǰױ´ϢԼڰϢǼô
ôʲôߣ
ҸܵѹһɼǿħȻֻӴ˺ٵһ֣ԾܲǹĿ¡֮һֱװԼĳĿģ֮˷ֵ𣬾׵Ŀһʲôҩݸβֹ
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֮ʵЧģһʲô飬ױԣ߰ĥ㹻׺һˡ
׵ĿĲȻҲǳصġ
Сģˣ
ǰ֮ʱһЩһֵ֮ͬͽɱԼħʱ˿̣Ⱥ˺Ʊʲôֲ׷š
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ǳʺѹѹһƬ֮ʱ֮ԽŨţĽīѩƺаŲü˰ȿܡһȺ糱ˮĺɫɳǧֻɵɺӰ֮زľĽīѩƺƽƽ뿪֣֮
Ⱥʺ⾹ȻһȺ䣬ǶֻҪᵽһһζȺӵ׷ȥ
Ҫ෴뿪˵ȵعʱѾΪʱȼ׷ϴ֮С
ˮ棬ˮ棬Щزˣ
һ·ûĿţǰһҲ֪˵һ仰㿴½һ˺УΪˮںϷþòȥںˮУŴ̹ǱĺˮָָԶһˮբŵĵطˮķӦͨĳһȫ֮أˮ
ҲǱ³
Ծ˵ͷûɢȥǳŶһȥȻˮբ֮ˮ򣬼һʯڡ
ǿ˷ĵ˵ľٶҲв˸
˸ӵģǸѨôҪǷҪ
㶮ƨһõ˷󣬾ͿԿЩˡոϰ˳Ťһ׷ԭΪһ˿˶䳲׼ץסһԿסЩ䣬ʱ
ڤкˡ
˭뵽ҲҪõ󣬶˳֮ʱȻ˰еķǺ˷ĿһĻ
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ʯڴʮˣİһ˫ѪɫӿߵȺˣкâֶ
ұһһī˷ĵɱ⣬ǱȻڹĹ֮УȺ˵Ŀ׽ýİݣȻ֪֮ǱŹĹĻ⣬Ŀ
Ļ׽ϸ硣
˷ҪȺնɱڴˣȺɱôɡ
ջеɱ⣬תеˮճȫʪĴħ˫Сצرŷĵ֡
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һ֨֨ƺڰοŷģҲ˵ɱڲʱܸоĹдǿ
켣ȺеķĬĬ˵Ҳ֪˭һˣ˵߷׷ǰʯϡ
ѾڹĹˣ㿴ʯϵ֡

ĸ֣ŷĵҪҪԽ׳һԭ·طɻȰǿнĹɡ
ǺǣӲǱŴģ
ȻĺҲᱻһʯŵǽյϢİݺȺħͽڹĹУһץס˽İݾлǮƣοİݵлħʥץİݴ
ʥٰʮ꣬ڤҲܽˣʱ˭Ǿ˭ǳ˵׼ء
ԣ̰˵˫ۣΪ˴ﵽԵĿģ˲ʯʯʯŽ˹ĹСĽīѩƺ˿˶ԷһۣҲȺ˹Ĺ

633 Ƴ

ʯƿ֮󣬷Ľīѩƺһʯҡ
һʯţȴرĲ졣
ûиоһֵֺ
ֲûиսĹ֮ʱֱĵ֮һ޷˵Ĺ졣
СΪϡ
ʾ⽪īѩƺС£һҪطߵĵˣһҲҪСĹĹʱطΣա
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š
ʯ룬һɢ΢âˮأˮΧ˹γɵĹͼڣǹצˮΧʯϣػʲôֹ˽롣
ǿˮʲôζţȺͻȻֵһ˲˵עǵѰָķ򿴹ȥȻҫ΢âˮУ˿һһ
ȥķβ㡣
ˮеĹâͷˮ˸ŵĹâˮеķβ㡣
ַβϳķβֺԵĲ֮ͬȱǷβѡ
죬ȥץ
Ҳ֪˭һкʮ˷׷ˮأҪץסǻ˽ɫƬķβ㡣ģīѩƺվԭûжԹһУȻϣʮˮصʱԭķβͻȻſ˷
ݣҴЩβϻһǿĵʹҪץβЩ˲㱻޴ĵУȫãֻܳΪ˷βʳ
һĻҪˮز׽βٶ۷صԭء
һȺ׳ա
һĻīЦĿȺˡҪҲ֪ĺĹĹϹǿΪħҲ׾ٵ̤ƬĹ֮УԽĶԽΣգô򵥵ĵȺ׳ջ
֪Ҳǻá
罪ī򣬹ĹеһжʮΣԣҪСССĲŵԴ
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ˮصķһֱǰţȵʯҵһˣһʯס˵ȥ·
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һʱ䣬㿴ҿ㣬һ±ƵĿŶԷԭء
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Ǽ岻ҲרŵĹôҡͷ󺺺˶ڤͽɱ֣һνĺĿڶ˴ͬ˵ļڤ֮ҲĴڣһר
оַ䣬ר乥ˣһרŵĹǵ˴󺺼ˣʮ˴ķĹһӲݡ
˻ය죬ʱȺеһСǰ˫ʯһζһ£ֻһʯǰ
ž޴ĺ֮ʯſһ˲䣬һǿХҪǽīѩƺæץס˷ģԷСӾԱ紵ߡ
ſʯź洵һԽԽŨİգ֮䣬һʯҶΧ

ᵽĵһ˲䣬ĳѽīѩƺĪҪ
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±Եī˼㣬еذױҪ˶ϣʵУĺѩƺһһҵץסī˫֣ԲСžһһƴ˽īϣīǵİ׵ͫûκηӦ֮˫񽣸ǳԼ෽˹ȥǷĺ
ѩƺţͰԼ˸͸
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˰ҲǺͽīһþС
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ոջعĽīԼ˫񽣣īͷһһҼ˫֣Ȼ˽ôһ£Ǳγ˽磬
ֵһš
ԲۣүôˣѾ˼ͷϵľʹеĽīŷĺѩƺҪ֪ԼղôˣڻУ־һ˽ǿʶ

ҡǱħҪɱɣ
ɫصѩƺͷģīҲ˷һĻôһ¡
˸ӵģôӡ
ͨΪʲôÿһαþ˶ͷħΪλС
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⣬ԾƮɢţûм˵ס
ĿΧİһ˫ѪɫŲ⣬ǰһ㣬Ҳ˼֡
ЩǳӣڹƳ档ǵԼпഫһֹƳ棬ʮΪСǻԼƮɢУΪɾ裬ӶУʳ
ֹƳܴ൱ʱ䣬ˣֹƳǧ긮ҽʱֻ췽ҹ̷û뵽ȻĹп
һĻ
ô˵Сүôҵ찡СүᱻᱻȺƳӣΪʬ⣡
ſˮīһҲҪΪɥʬı鿴ŷġ
ģҽ߳СүȺƳȥСүᰡСүΪɥʬ
֨֨Ŷ߶ŵվڷļϵİѩ˽īһۣСצӻ˻ʾ⽪īСֵģǹƳȻԴϷѾ
Ƴ档
֨֨֨֨
ѩ˺ôԼĶϵĻ߷ģīû¶ˣԴǸȥ֮⣬ͳ졣
꣬ƣİѩֻص˷ĵıϢīҲ³һ
ӣүǷһ顣
ڵ֪Լް֮󣬽ī³һԲñɥʬˣ̫ˣ
ıеİѩ˽īĻ֨֨Ľһ˫˯˹ȥ
ԾΧ˻ǱŴʯţȥ֮ʱЩ˴վԭأһ˫۾Ұˡ룬ȺѾΪ˹ƳȴǵҲֻбˣǻԼħ޾žֱȫһ̡

634 ٴν

Զȥʯֻ֮ʣ·Ľīѩƺˡ
һʯݣһƬڰĿռ䣬ͷ˸ŵâ֮⣬ռž˹졣
ʲôط
īԼʮΪʲô
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֪ǰҲֻһ·ˡ
ֽ֮ĹѨʮֻʣ˷ˣδ֪ĺڰҲֻǰˡ
ǲܵģǽĺĿıѰҽİݣڵ֪İкܴĿܾڹĹУѾǧôȥ
˿˱˴һۣ̤ʯݡ
ʯж೤û֪һ̨һ̨׵ȥƬžĿռڣ˷·ǧ֮ãƺʱոչȥһѡ
ģҪҪ
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ˣ㲻ī˳ɤӣʼǿȹ񺿵ĸŻǵ÷ĺѩƺֱüҪվǰ˽ī˾Ա֤ǻѽ
īȥ
ǳ軹лأ
ɶӰ취үֲרҵĸ֣⼸ʻǱүǰĸء
īʾͻᳪЩ衣
ͳһ͵Ĵʱ䡣
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ʵܲ˽īı˽īҪʲô
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ѩƺȻǲ÷ĳʮȻ֪׸辿ʲôīıǵʶȻĿġ
ҳһǰʦҵСɡ
һʯţĺ˶ʮһ͵ʱʦŵСС֪ģʦϲڻƻҡӡʱΪʲôʦܻõӣڷ֮ˣԭʦİǰ߳ӣʦʦһӶ
ǵĵӡ
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ǷĻѩƺǽī˶˽İݵղŵȷϲǻþ
ô
ѯŽīѩƺղǲҲ˽İݵ˵ͷһһĽŽİݵ֡
ǵɢΧ˷ĵ֮⣬ҲûԵ
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˽İݵҲһ̸ܵ˽İݵĴڡ
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һһĽŽİݵ֣һһ
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ģ֪ҲĹУô
ѩƺοŷģУ뿴е֮⡣
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߰ɡ
һΣǿ༭ʯȥʱʯݵ·һȺȴǳ෴ķ򲻶ϵȥ
ֵǣʯϷķûзʯ·ĽİݵˣȻڷŵĳһİҲ˷ĵɾǿİ֮˵Ĵڡ
˽һʯݣһһ£˫Ǹƽе磬Ҳ޷֪ԷĴڡ
أʯϷķԽԽȥʯ·ĽİԽԽ·ȥ֮ľԽԽԶ

ڽİݵڴ֮е˫ֽȭͷǺ
ȷǷģǻþһ̣˽İе鰮ů֮ɫӵйġ
ޣͬʱҲĽŷġ
ȥ֮ء
ʱİͣ½Ųһ˫ᣬ˶֪һĨ᲻ǣֻǸзĵŮˡ
Ҫȥ֮ô
Ҫ֪֮ؿǹĹΪյĵطһ֮أǱǾһĽ֡
˲Ȼѡ˸ߣѾ֮⣬ֻڤؼգûҰһƬڤ˼һӵů⡣
ҲţİݱǸڰ֮ˡ
ɼ𾳵Ĵ֮ضԴҪȥ֮ô
İݲδظκλеɫѾһС
֮ǹĹҪҲյĵطղܵ˷˵ϢҲһ뵽˹Ĺ֮С
ԣϧΣǰ֮أΪ˽һзǡ
İݵľٶΪ˷ĵİȫǣ㲻֪ǲľڹĹ֮УҲҪųСĿܣвκΣյĿԡһߣĽīѩƺԾ˳ʯȥ֪˶õʱ䣬ڣ貵ǹҫ۵ĳУһػĸоͷ

̸צӵģߵ˾ͷȥүҪˡ
ʯݵľͷīһƨ˵ϣѾľˣҲΧʲôգ˵
Щǡ龧ô̧ͷɢ貹âġǹ⡯ԭЩνġǹ⡯һһ龧ԭʯǻǵڵɽ֮ʱѩԳ͸ǵһɽ龧
״ǰ龧ͬЩ龧ĴСȴǰЩ龧ʮ֮һ
龧ʯؾʣԽ龧̺Խĳԣ֪ҪǣЩ龧ԭʯе龧ǿٱһֱΪá
Ļ֣龧ԭʯеԼ棬ڵĳƺζĶʼʳЩ龧ԭʯеһԵĽīѩƺվߣ뻤ŷ˭֪龧ԭʯеˮһԴԴϵӿˣһʱ䣬˶ҫ
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Դ˴ͨ뿪֮󣬽˾˱ڤС
ڤѹȻߣ̺ħʺ˵ΪһֱͣûжĽ龧ԭʯİΧУ˾ǸɺõĺӴӭĺˮŨÿһëףȫµÿһ䣬
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635 ǲа

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˵֮ǰ˻Ǵ˾ĳ׶ΣѾ˴˾ʵ൱ڴ˾߽׵ʵ
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ÿһηΪС׶ΣÿһС׶֮Ľ죬˵Ǵ׶εĽĽīѩƺЩ龧ԭʯֱ֮ӴӴ˾ײһ׶һӽ˴˾߽׶Σ֮Խ޷
׶Ρ
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˵˴δģЩ龧ԭʯͳͳʳøɸɾԭ貵ĹâҲð
һ֣ˬֹһˬֱܱĵ˷֮飬׶ΣҪ֪ЩһܿԽһС׶Σ龧ԭʯ֮г
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һƬɫĹâ֮УԼԼӰϥڵϣ˭Ҳ֪ʱ˶áֵǣĿڵ˾Ȼı仯ɫƤ⽥ʼ룬ȡ֮Ѹ¼ˣɫĹâѰΧƵ
ʱϢʤһ㡣
ʱ˿̵ķڤ֮Уһλص˰ɫĻ硣Ծ΢컨ƮĻ棬ΨһͬǾ޴Ļ֮£һµӾصԭأһ˫ŵӿŷģֹ̬ƺڵ
֪һ
ò𵽲뵽㾹Ȼ٣ǹ˶ãҲĶˡ
ƣô֡
ûӱǳƣԪѰҪһѪǱİڤһ֮в
Ϻǣ㻹ǵñ֣ѵã
ƴȤЦŷģһŷ
㻹ҾȣΪֻ˵˵ˣû뵽ڤҳĺĹĹ֮С
ô֪ĺĹĹС
İ˫ĿųƣȻ֪ԼڤϢܱ˵֪ƺ֪һһ
Ϊβ֪ڤʼ͹۲ÿһٶ
Ȼˣ
ԭһֱڼ
һеĽĸأһҧʶĵıĿŷġ
ΪƽĺĹôǱͨ㡣
еӶţһһ뾹Ȼڷĵ󣬷Ҳʾг𵶳ֻգ֮˳ƵĲϡ
һҲϲ˿̫ڶҲϲ˼ӡŶǵʲôҲǾʶ𶯲赶ŪģƽһЩ𲻹װˡ

639 ʼٸ

ЦŷģʾĲҪ˷ҷĵĿĺܼ򵥣һס
ףΪһô
һνΪ˽İݣһνףƺûʲôҪͳƽ
ŲűҪȱ˵꣬ѡŻ߲š
ƵгһٸŷĻһκԼĿҲܼ򵥣ҪһѪ
İݾڹĹ֮У׼ȷ˵֮ء
Ȼ˵İڵλ֮ʱеɫ仯˼֣ǺܿĽһĨ۵ס
Ʋļ˵ȥ۲߷ĵһһҲȷ׻˳ɡȻ֪İݾ֮أħȻҲӦ֪ϢûĻѪħħ̫֮ڵĵط

ЦţеȻϣһ˫ŵ΢΢ת
ҪһѪҵİ֮뿪ڤ
һա˵ĽףĳĬƬ̡
ҵ˽İһ£֮ҪħΧҪ뿪ڤҲһ൱ѵ顣
һѪΪۣŵҵİ֮뿪ڤ
ŵ˫һ֣һ̧ͷųƵʱȻ˾
뿪ڤΪħ绹ҪٽԪڤڡ
˵£Ϊħ绹ҪԪ磬ͼٻڤģȫȫԽħʿڤ
Ů˻ᣬ֪뿪ĶΪΪѪڤ⵵顣
ƻмӶƺϲڤĴڣɰĳЩԭҪ
Ҳ㣬𲢷ڤ֮ˣֻǷڤһЩˡ
˵Ҳֻô࣬ģȫȫҪ
ŷŵ飬Ѿȷľ
һѪѣֲҪ
ãס˵Ļ
ջѡһųƵĻȻһѪܻĴۣһжֵá
ǰᣬҪԣŮӺͳƵԡ
飬ֻӦ˲òСġ
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˴˱˴ˡ
Ļظһ˴˱˴ˣ˵䣬ʧɫĻʣ˷һˡ
΢紵棬Ʈָϡ
İݣţϾ
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ԣøˮʥյ龧ԭʯʹ˵Ϊһӽ˴˾߽ףѸ͵Ľ˵ͻͽʵӸ˵ȴ
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ҲΪ˵Ϊֹͣڵ߽׶ΣΪһνı׵УȰ֮Ҳͻһ
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жڽ˾ʮ֮һԾ۷״̬Ϊֱ𾳴ߡ
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ĻĶͣ˵ǸɰҲԵв
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ڣһжźõķ淢չ
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꣡
ڽī˵ĿյһױֱĳŽīڵķڽīۼֿ죬ûгΪ롣
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˵ȱ´ð̵Żᱻƺûɶ£ôܱء
߰ɣҪȥ֮أİǡ
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ĺͶ˵ųƵ飬ҽһǰ볯ƵĽҲ˵˳ýīѩƺüͷ
Щ˵ƲڤˣѰҪһѪǵҵİݺ뿪ڤ
ǣҲǼ٣֪İ֮ء
и⣬˵ħͷųĻ᲻ǳƣ
˴īԶ󿪵ŷģԪܵħ繥᲻Щڱ󵷹
ڤӡħǲɵľ뿪֯ӴٽԪˡ
ôһ˵ƲĻʼٸ֮һˡ
ĿʲôֻΪƻڤķӡħ˼ô
ԽԽͿԭǹѩһԽԽ
ˣʱһߡ
ǵĿĵ֮أȻ֪֮صľλãԵĹǻһָ
׼γɣ뿪ɫȦıӻ֮󣬼˵ǰһʯݡ
ʯһֱ죬˿߼ʣʯǰΨһһ·Ҳȥ֮Ψһ·
װ˳ʯߡ
ռԽԽΨнŲصڶߣ»ƵʯӦ˵ĽŲԽߣԽǾ˼С
Ǿáе֣
ѲܣԽԽǺֻĹ֮ʱʯңʯ졣
ȷʵе֣Ǻ߹ʯݡ
ǷľϤīѩƺǾʯʶ
㿴ӡǣ
īָһʯӡǣⲻͷôֵǣߵʯϿµͷôߵʯϳͬĺۼ

640 Ǹĸģ

⣬˶ɱˡ
˼·ǰУȷʯݾǽĹ֮ʱ߹Ǹʯݡ
Ǿû᲻ʯһĿռ䡣
ĻǵԺ˵Щ飬Ժ׹䵽ĺ֮УǱ˴˲Էǲܡ
Ϊ˵ĸԤƽеĿռУʱĻǱ档
˼˵ǽĹʱһռ䣬ԵĿռ䡣ī˷˵˼ʲôô˵һռİݵǻڵģʱİҲԵɺϵ̤ʯ
ݣڵλغϣܸӦ˴˵ĴڣǺɫбͨ
ֻԱˮʥ֮У
һͣе鶼ܽ͵ͨˡĺһɵĻ㼯㣬ǲµûĻĺĴҲΪ˱׷ɱʧһУڲͬĿ
д˲ͬ硣
һԿΪĽƶڤĳ˸Ӹ֮·ֱڸԵС
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ʯ׹ǧһ֮ʣǲһʯݵҵұϵĶѨ֮УŲʯһ׹䵽޾Ԩڡ
ԲۣҪǵȥͷӶˤϸϸ顣
īŲӿһޱ޼ʵĺɫԨЩһ׹ȥ
㿴ǰй⡣
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ɣܱܲ߶ѨүӰˡ
ԴӽĹʼһһĶѨīеӰѩƺˣ·ѶϣΨǰһ·ȥ֮ء
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СһƺûʲôƻĹһһĻ۶ϳȥ
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ڴʱѩȻͣ˾׽Ķһ˫ɫֱĿŷģģȴȵĺܡ
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ĵĿⶢûڻеСһܿѩİɫëʼ߳Ҳۿɼٶȳߡ
һյĹСһѾ׶࣬ϵëҲý
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뿪īǿʼСһͽɱڡ
ħڳɳΪɳ׶δĺܣκη紵ݶҪСһһ·ŰѩĴ̼˵
СһڰɱڣĵĪڷģͬʱҲŵȴŰѩɱ֮ʲôӡ
֮УСôСİѩѾɳ׶ߵΣȫµİɫëҲʽɳڵĴħҲһһĳǰ
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ħĽ··ƣÿһƶһƲһ㡣ѩɱ䣬ڵСӳɳΪǰׯʥָ߰һĴħ죬˵е֮ȴǶԷĸ׳Ƴϥ˷ĵǰ

ˣǹȥ
ħ쿪ڵһ˲䣬ԼסˣҲһ㶡
Ůģ
ԣĸģ
ѩҲǲĵɴ˫ۣղӦ̫ˣҲΪ̫˷ܵĹϵŻʹ˱仯
ȿȣ
ɳڵĴħѾܿԣɤӣѩ¿ڡ
ˣӡԲۣôˣ
ҲӦһصѨ֮УĹȵȪưһиֳ֮⡣
ǣ˵ȴǺһԲۣӣȵȵĻ
ԲۣǸĸģүΪСǸġ
˵ʵӼСһһ̿ʼ˶ΪѩǹǸѵģϾ˭û¶ץסħоǲе
ҲΪˣһΪħԱԡ
ǣǰһӿֵĴħ쾹ȻǸĸġ
ǰѩԼסˣҲһΪԼǸүǣǸаѵүǣǣǣǡĵȥˣ
ˡզǸǡ

ī̲סЦصѨС
ĺѩƺҲ̲סЦ˳һЦҪðѩ
þ֮ڷĿĵȰ˵УѾܱСһİѩǿ˳ԼԱ
Ŷ˵أֲþ׵Ĺʿǿ㣬ԭǿˣ
ڻԭǹʿ֪ѩԱˣŻʱʱĿŰѩ

ЦĶЩīŭİѩЦ
īЦŲӰӻ棬㡣ι󾫳ˣ֪вүˣ

641 ͬ

ѩĸģ˶û뵽飬ʵ˭Ҳı䲻ˡ
ѾɱΪɳڵİѩ룬ͨѩףʥַһ˫ҫʯ˫۱ŷ֮ǿѹһֹ֮ġ
ҳɳڵĴħܿԣҹݺһӰĹȵȪһССڶе
ֻÿѩڵʱ򣬿жĵȵֵĴȻЩëǺͽīѧġ
ޣͬħޡ
ħŷǿħаȻȻȻĿ־ţ˱ͷ
Ҳͬ޵ȵȣȷһЩ˵޵ĴںñȽ޺ħ֮䣬һһа
ǰȫȫʡȥ̬Ĵħ죬ǰظŰѩա
ȻССһֻվļ֨֨ĽţڵİѩѾʮࡣ
ˡ
ѩϰԼͷŷĵգϾָоܴϵİȫУĸ׵ĻУġ
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ǰһʱɱڣǲħе׽٣ȴʱ˿̵ѾΪ˻ҽ
ǰԼ࣬ѩеǼᶨš
֮·ܷʲôΣգҪŷģðɣ˳ҲŽīѩƺ
ιιιʲô񣿡վһԵĽīô᲻ѩĳɹɱеˣ۵׵ʲô˼ôΪСǳɳڵĴħǾû

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ιɱΪɳڵĴħǲǵҲקˣŲűүַӰƤԡ
ԲۣҪ¾Ȱӽ棬ţϵȰӿˡ
һʱ䣬Ѩ涼صŽīͰѩĳܵʲôӱүүɣһԵķĺѩƺ˷׷üͷ
·ɡ
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գģīѩƺ˳ڰѩıϷ˶Ѩ
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񣬻δѪȵһĻֻǿ˵Ѫζʹµķ츲أ֪ҪԵǺεΣ֮ء
ȵθһ˿˿ʳЩ
ô
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ĴˣԶ߽߱ǽǿһһס
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֪Ȼ˽īͰѩܲ˿ѪζŻ£֪ĻΪ˷޶԰ء
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ٴīͰѩһһޣѩƺָŸղŷֵóʯš
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ĵĽīѩƺаѩİΣһѾܸмˡ
·һߣٲýīѩƺͰѩܵΣա˺Ͱѩκ⣬һӶ֮С
˵Ȼ֪ôģҲʯ֮ضǸΣյĴڣΡ
ģİݳ֮⣬Ǳүϸ磬Ȼֵ֮û棬ô˵ҲѪ
īǵŰѩɫƤëѩĻˣŽīӽѨĳ嶯˵Ҫ˵Ļ
ˣħ뿪֮ӱ㷢۷ʲô鶼ߣԣǲһ˽ȥġ
ѩԼǾԶԲ÷һǰʯ֮󣬾Բᡣ
īͰѩֱԼĹ۵㣬ʱһԵѩƺŷģһ˫˫Ϊִŵִ
ҲŷĽʯ֮
ҪʲôεؽС

ѩƺһ仰÷Ƭ̣ʵʲô֪ܸѩƺֻ顣
ѩƺֺγͷ֮ͬȴͬΣҪҪ˽Ǹнİݵ˾һʲôˣΪλ÷ĸԸðΣմһССȥϾȥԪ磬ڤĺĹ֮С

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ѩƺ˵껰֮󣬽īҵĹţԼжѩƺľ֮顣
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κΪѷٶȵߣΪνǱ̥еļƷֱƱ̥Ҫʱ
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֪ǶΪҺãǰ·̫ΣգǷκβ⣬Ĳ
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ѩӵĿһûĻĽīʦĿǽ䲻ɲֻڵġ
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646 ̫

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ǧˣؼաħ޿ԣʮ׸ߵźɫۼף޳߷ߣһ棬ûв´ĻνϹħӦ񻰹

ޣôϹħޡ
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648 ˲Ҫ

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655 ʱ޶

ʱʮ֮һۣǵĵˣľȴѾˡһʯ裬˵뿪ǰϾǰԪ磬ǰڤһЩ飬İڷ࣬żιߣż
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658 ʮ

ĳ˼Ȳֺ档
Ƶ׳ʲô飬Ϊλǣôǲ֪ʳڡ
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˷ģССѹΪ첻˺÷˵ˡ
ܲ˵˻Ϊǵͺ۸
ʵĺͽİ֮ĶԻƽˣκεķŭŴ󣬼һĳЩж
īԹԼˣѩһ⣬˻ȥ
㻹˵Լǵɱֿ̣ɰˣ˼ҸڵĴƹϱˣأǺǣ
ǲǷҪͱүȥ
ѽ㰡
ǡȥȥʮݡ
ڽīͰѩһοսǰһ룬ѹ͵ص˶ߡ
ˣ뿪˵ɡ
ʾ⽪īͰѩҪܵȳȥٴ
ߣү㡣
ңĹǡ
Ȼûɼܣһ·īͰѩڳܣһһүүģһһ̸צġ
ڣ߹һ֮ǰİĿռ俪һƬҰɽ֮С
ʮݵıԵشʮݶ޷ϽĻɫ֮ء
ʱ֮ϣһȺ˵ǰɹ
ÿһֻ϶߲ʵëҫŶ˵Ĺ
ѩϣ
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īһ£㿴ڷļϵİѩݵһ˳ȥԭаķƺΣյϢƽһһ׼ߡ
ħڴˣôȺв׵
ʯ֮䣬ѩССһٶȴڷȺ֮УǷСצӲϵػţһֻһֻķ񲻶ϵǰ
㶨
ֻѩ֣Сһء
ˣ⣡
ģү⡣
Ҳԡѩīѩƺ׷ױԼҪԷĿ⡣

659 ħϮ

˷ĽİΪѾ̫ʳˣ˭÷һڳԸǧҲ塣
Щӵģ׼˭Һ˭
һֻ񣬷;޴һֻ㹻˳ˡ
ǣнīѩƺͰѩԻ˵ֻˣʮֻҲڻ¡
οѩСһССģʳȴʮֲֿġ
ľɽ֮УһտŰѩץķһ߸֪δ֪½ǿѹ
磬ܺ˵˵ʮʲôĴô
ʮ֮ǰҪĺͷĵ˵һ¹ʮݵ飬ʮݵĵ㣬һ仰˵׵ġ
Ѿ˺üֻڽīѩƺͰѩķʳ֮£ֻʣһعͷˡ
ļô͵ĳ࣬ð֮Żعشŷʵ⡣
ȿȡʮͳƣһƬ½в½ʮͳŸԷأΪʮݡ
˵ʮݵʮеʮ൱ڻʵۣӵоݶԵͳȨ
ͳεƴޣƴ޵ʷḻʮݵĵͼռҪĵλá
˿ʼḻ֮⣬ҲżĽͨ˵ʮ޵Ĵڡ
˵Ŀ
ƾûʧٵĻȺС֮Բ
ǣƾѶ֪Ѿ뿪ƴǰԪʱҲ֪Щ顣
ϱ̡ǼһȻʲôƴ޵ľˣΪʲôҪȥɽţеĵ۰
еĵīȻˣôĿĶΪġ
Сӣűү˵ʱ͵ҵ⣡
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ĪҪģǼ˵ʦΪͽܵȻҵʦ
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ƴѾ˴ѰҾˣôʱȥˣȴûƾκϢ֮¡
ңѰҾȻɵԪСطȥҷĵˣҽЩ˴ƴޡ
ǰֳԳԺȺȫûκΣеļˣ̾εҡҡͷ
ĵطʮݵıԵشԻȡȵԴʮݵһ£˵໥ĽŶԷΪûһյŮħԼ
Уոһ긴һ꣬ڵȵŮˡŮΪ˸𣬽ɱǰһ̣еᶼ⿪ˣ˵ֻأŮҲ֪һֱģҲ˵
һֻ֮С
⹷ѪĹºɶϵīܲʱĴ˵Ĺ£ȲȵǹܲţŮ֮Ĺǲ̫ѪˣǵӾ˵㵵ͥһ
ԽͿᣬƫҪ㲻Ҳȥ
֣˰Լˡ
Ҫ˵Ѫ˵Ĺ¸Ѫ
īһĽİݺͷģһıжôĶġ
īһ仰˻ȥԭ˵ȵҲʧĵȻ޴档
ΪǾͽܣһѽīԴ˿װʲôƷֵĹʺôô˷
ǽīҲԱĴŷ羰
ڣһ֮뿪ʮݵıԵ֣ǰһʱһǰ
ѩ򣿡
Ȼ˵򣬵ģԪ綼ԲۣʮݵĵƤôֵǮô
Ȼѩ򣬿ƮɢѩȴʵĴС֡
ɫѺڣĵֻʱһջͣϢȵڶǰƴ޵ĵؽ硣
ѩԽԽ󣬲һʱʱ㽫ѩУ紵ţǺһصڶߡ
ջʳУڽİݵĻУһԵĽīѩƺǺžŹӣſջ˵˵ʮݵȤ¡
˵һаսνǾĶǣħʮݾ֮±ˡ
žһ˵еľľϣ˷׷ֽкãһӳе龧Ҫ˵һΡ
ǳɶѳɶѵ龧ǰĳ鶯ǡ
ʮݵͨǮ龧Ԫ˽龧ȴʮݸֵǮ
Ǹʲô磬ƴ޹ܲܳԺ
ĵԼ龧ƻȺ˳һٺõģ֮Ѿһ˲⵰̫ûȫˡ
Ȼȵƴޣλʳסжɾȫе
仰ľͷˡ
ջе˵龧Žָ棬Ǻ˵һȤţĵҲ
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ָͷҲ뵽ƵľǷ֮
˵˵ؼ֮һ̣Ҳľ֮ʱһ˻֮кȻص˵Ķߡ
ǿŭ𣬶һֶ
ˣħޣ
ħ޵˻һһϮжϣѩħûгǧҲϰ١
ħ޽ʳһӻ׷ɢҸԼĵط
˷׷׶ܵʱʮ˵
󣬲ħ޽ӣ
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ʮ߸׵нӡһž޴ѩУ׵֮⣬һͷͷһѩ׵ľ޴ѩҪ
𣡡
סĪҪȺħ̤ѩ벽˵ʱʱ죬һͷħѩ֪ܲӶδ˽˾ҧǷצӺҧס׵ˣ˲䣬ѩܻĽ˺룬
Ѫһء

Ϊ׵˽֣ͬΪҪǵֵħϮȻӶܵħ޵Σ
㲹λá
ǣӳѩħͷάѩֻʮˣڻһˣۿħȺҪ˽΢΢üͷ˽īѩƺһ
˫ֽӡħѩȺһӵһ˲䣬ԭڵİͷħޱͻ׵С
𣡡
ֲһ׵磬ǿ׵һͷħ޵ϣǱǰɫѩܱýޱȣɢſζ
࣡ѩŹӣһ˫ڵӽĶȺëѩܣҪǹ˼˵䣬һȺѩħ޵ܵԵĸɸɾ󲹰

660 û

īѩƺͷʩ䣬ǿ֮£ͷħѾȥ˴룬ʣµħ޲óȻǰֻػת䷨֮⣬ȴź
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Ϊ׵ӳſջķȥܸڿջĳһ䣬ڲ֮ʱֻʣʮͷѩҲǴһġ
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Сӣүܵݾƺȣ
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Ǳү˵㣬ѵʼ㶼Сô
īһıʮֵİܾǣΪΪǴԪʮݵĹϵǵ˳԰ѡ
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ô˵ɣү𾳡Ҳ𾳣عһһʮ
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ҪǷ©һ֣Ϊͣ𾳵СɰءȴǣδǰļʵȻﵽ˿ֲ𾳣Ҫ֪ѹӵĻ¾е˴˾Ҳһʮѵ飬Ԫֵطǧһ𾳵ΪѾǺ˲ˣһӳĸ𾳵ߣȻһ˵ħޣƫƫħ޵ʵﵽ˼ֲʮ

һΪʮ˸ȼҲʮ׵𾳣ǰĸ˵֮ᡣ
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īһСһĲѩܵʲô˫вЦ⣬˰ѩǰ©ЦݾǹСһ
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һָɴ䣬ѩСצӳŽīָ
ˣ㿴ɶȺѩħ淢
ѩױһ㽲ëƤС˳ŵɫâСӳǰһ̣ס
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˲Ŀ˷ܵı飬ʥǸʲô¶˵顣
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ٶҲⶫǸ⣬ͬʱҲӵʱ޷ա
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ˣҹɫˣΪȥϢ
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īԼʮбҪ˵һǵĸܡ
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Ȼ䣬еϢ轵˸̹ǵĺ⣬ɵý˽ϵ·
˷޶Ƿô
һ˫ŵĵв˺⣬ڿŽīѩƺʱֻʣв·ֻҪ˭˵֣һԻᱻ˵
ĺ񣬷·Ƶĺж׼ǣ׼뷢̹Ǵġ
ǽīҲԼϸסˣæҡҡͷ˸ơ
ո·ˣΪѧһЩõַһࡣ
ҪжԶԶ
ĪҪߣΪһ÷ֲ˼ġ
ﲻҪֲ˼񣡽İѾķſצӣһ㣬İݶԷһ̬ȣô۶Ƕӵĳ谮ŵϼٵĳҲ΢Ц˵һ䣬
ͱô൶һˣΪ֡
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īǸħ׸ô
ţī̾һִļϡ磬ֵп࣬ǺȾȥ

661 ƴ׶

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磬ֵܾһ
ſһצӵİѩһ۽īĴ۾ı顣
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෴˵๫һ㣬Ƣһ㣬Դһ֮⣬Ҳûʲôȱˡ
ա
һڿջϢһϣڶ׼뿪ѩǰԶ֮ƴޡ
˴ʱڵλʮݱԵشѩҪصƴޣҪԽ޷ɡԽݵأ˵ףʵȴ൱ѵ飬仹ʮݹϵΪŵĻ£ҪٵĲ֮Ħ
ݰǵġ
ѩ뿪Ѿµʱˣµʱ棬ļҲ˽ʮ֮һЩ顣
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Щ߰ûϵҪֻƶѡ
ڣĴ֮£ٶȿݵı߽磬ֻҪᴩƬɽ֣ƴ޵ĵؽˡ
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վסɽҿԣҪ··ƣСҲ
û˴ٵɽ
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Ȼʣɽԣ㿴ħɽǱħգһĨԼĲӡ

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İݡ
ͬһĻ״ķԼбҪͽİ˵һ
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ħʮǲκεĴڣƴˣΪ˲鷳һ¡
һ֣Լ̬ȡ
ҪİݲħޣĿסԼ
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İʲôˣ˽֮ʱսķİڤ֮ʱ֮ħԿ̤ʮ𾳵ǿڣȻᱻҡ
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˵ǣΪһ
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֪ƴħ޴ھָᴫʲôķԷ˵ƴ޺ħơ
ƴޣǡ
ڷ֮ϸƴ޵ĶǣһΰԸľ
߹½ôϾ֮ССһңľôƴ֮ʱһСѣҪǽµƴ޶ǡ
үһнǵĸо
īĸо˲졣
ˡ
񸩳ڵϵʱ·ı
ʱȻʹҪݻĽ߳һߣĿ壬Źٷڼ֮
ةְ֮࣬˷Ľīѩƺˡ
ɣǼλǾ֮ô
Ѱ߿ȥļĿڷļ˵ϣһһɨˣٴʲô
ͬʱҲڴߣŷɫԼΧߵϢֱ˲򵥡
ةĻǡ
ţȴЩȥϢɣ֮鱾аš£ǿ˷ĵһۣתû˾

662 ļ

ƴ޶ǣΪһ˼Ŀջ
ջһһľİ趼͸żµݻΪԼס˻ʹ
ʲôʱȥƣ
ͷУīŶĹӣżƷŶˣʲʱȥơ
ƴȻã¶ء
˵ʧĵطƴ޵ؾ˲ǣΪʲôǵƴľ
ƴ൱һҵĻʹεļȨأֻҪƴϵȨ
ǽǰǸͷžͲһƲ硣
նǰؾ
ľڿջϢһҹǰ˵ؾܲҵʲôõ
Ǹλؾڱӡֻеһºӡǰ
ĵŷģʧؾȥģÿµʱӡֻܿ𾳵˲ǰ
ǻɼ˵ǡ
ƺл˵ջǽӵĻ˻ȥ
ةཫ˻ھټλة˵ʲôͷλǰҪŭ͵ةһԷƨͳˡ
ټǣΪɶ
˵ǺةཫʲôҲϤЩΪʲôҪҼǡ
УԴӽƴ޺˵ĸоֵֹģʲôǡ
īеĹӣЦ˫ߣѩƺʹһ񣬶һһҽĳ˼˰С
Сӣǲǻʲôûиǣ
˵ֱ׼ҪȻҲܻ졣
ֱ߽īһè塣
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Ҳ˵ڣòװĸŪƴޣһɸΡ
óǳͽ˵ķ˲ĺҲûκιϵǡ
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ģǧȷ
һ֤ûʲôˣةཫھټǼҲΪǾͽܣ˶ѡ
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ĺͽİȻҲû˵ʵ
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İݽʯһĲҨһʯιߡ
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ˣʯ𡣡ǰſ޵а˧ıõĲҪҪģ뽪İ֮Ĺϵ쵽˲죬ɷͻľٶ÷

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ͻȻһīѩƺɫ˵ףİݼֱǲ˰
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ƴ޾ȻʹҪΰׯϼ֡
˸˾⡣
λһҪμҸղŵЩ
̤ǰһ̣ԾżĪҪŭĪҪλˡ
İĲǰжԱ˴˵ԶԶһ֪ʶ£ĽİݺѩƺһһµѲһһϮʢѩ
Ŀ֮£ͣ봦λտҲǱʦĵط
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㾹ȻǸħޣˣħ˸ȥնˣ
վһϽ⻰ŵȶˣΪϽҪɱ˽İݣΪڸǲð
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ǣҪڽͽİݵ֮ʱѾˡ
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ŹٸһةǰԭھǰǸߡ
Ц˫ۣƢʱº࣬û͸ղŵϽһ㣬һҪն˽İйߡ
СĪҪŭϵļ˽ħ֣֮Żħ֮ʱƲסԼ
ةͺ˵ĸоһ޺˵󣬵ػصÿһ˵ĶС
ƴةļھǰǼ
ΪֲЦˣȻļԺҲܵˡǰһ˫ֱȭý֮ǹ֮͢һٶ޷ǸļǲǾ˶ǽˣʲôĲ԰ǣ
ĳЩһƣĪҪǲˡ
˷ģλҷİݣλǽīѩƺ
һһĸˣةļۻ׵ĺӣԾЦе˫۵ͷ
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ӷǿħѹİѾ𾳣ΪǿֲǰķĽīѩƺһ𾳵ĸ֡һƴ޻һ̵Ļᡣ

663 ֱˣ

ةļʲô˲֪ǱôעţһֱƵĸо
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ĲԭûκӪĻ⣬ةǲ֪ƵϢ
ļҡҡͷ̾һ
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ļʾһߵԱߣǲ⣬ļҲǰˣʲôıơ
վǰļ˿ϵķ֮ʱϤⲻǵɽ汦ķôڿʦֵĵɽؿ
ة࣬Ǻ
Ǿӣƺ뿪֮ǰѾԤϣӡةļ˵ӵ뿪ǰټļҽӽµ˼˵ʲô⣬ֻз
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Űǰӣ΢΢üͷΪɶһֲ֪ݵĸо˵֪ʲôΣնĴڣǣ
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һȥ֪չ飬ڱʧʱ䣬ƴ޴СɷģīѩƺȫȨ
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ˣʮһ֮أƴ޵ľʧѾвϴƴ޵⣬Уƴ޾һ⡣
ڡǾȻ˾ԣҪƹƴ޵Ȩֳé®֮ˡ
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УվڵżļʧеıӰһ˫׵üë΢΢šһĨƺڼıʲô

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ǣ򲻿ɣȲ˵ŵʵԣ˵Ǽ֮дħޣħΪǿ򲻿ƴޡ
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ļ˫һᣬе˲סˣŻһƬĴһӰ
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ڴʱһǾ޴ĵгŽİݺͷڵķ˹ȥ
һɢһԭİݶ˳Ӳ˲輸֪һڶϣǽѪȳ档

664 ΪһֱŬ

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İô׼ȺɱֽԼӣһϢʱ䣬ʮȫ
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ˣǼ˲򵥡
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ģİݺͽīƵһԣʱһȺ˳Сһ˵һڲԶЩ˺ϵĺɱͬһˡ
ջʳһⳡŵɢߣֻʣһȺɱѩƺӣһԳԹϿϷȫȻԶٳ档
磬һڡ
īʾѩƺˣһһĻʹʲôˣΪʲôҪɱǡ
ѩƺһŭˣ˷ĵĻ֮⣬ʲôڷƨɱֳһϮʢѩѩƺӰûɱȺ֮УֻӰ£һȺɱַ׷׹ڵϣһʹǾ

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ʱķĵ˲ƿӵʱֻԭɫ΢Ļ澹ȻһƬҵĿռ䡣Ǳڷˡ

665 

⣬ѩƺͽīƿ˷˽
һƬɫĿռ䣬ѩƺǱڷеʵ
Է֮оѩƺһ۾Ϳƴޣ׼ȷ˵һΪĿռ䡣
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ѩƺ˵ΪΪٵĽ磬粻ϱϼʮ㵽ͷ˰յǣΧڽΧһݻὫգǹˮݡ
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666 в˵ķʽеЦ

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Ըʹˣ˵һݷƴ޺аëǮĹϵʲôүƺü䣬ɲС
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ƴʧ֮ƴ޾еǿ޼ƴޱضɽӹơǸʲôɱвң

667 Ҳ

΢΢üͷĿŹǰõԼӵߡ
˵в˲õڱ˵ĲôģϷЩԾɲʲôɱ˶ݵүݾض¶ƴ޷¶ˣǶݣȻ
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ɱ˾ɱˡ
ƣǵʦΪͽȻԹۡ
˵ݵүǶݵľǰҲôԷ˵ķʽ¯졣ģϷ֪Ϊǿ󣬵ƴ޷ƮҡػƴޣǾ֮⣬Ϊ£Ϸضվȥ
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Ҳܾۣ֮ʮоŸ˶ûʲô³
ѩƺĻ˼һǿ룬ԷĵҽΪҪСү¡
һҲá
СһĲܣֻΪʦƣƴ޵һŲʡ
ĺļ˵˸ףԭΪƴޣǸСүβСһоռƵ׼ȷλá
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£Ľİһʱ֮ȥҲʮ㣬Щһպʱˡ
ڷĵʧ֮ʱļһ߽ͤԷڡСүһµգҲСүˣ

668 һһ

ͤԷ棬ɫҰ׵кڴϣһ۽ļЦֻЦʮۣоʱضһ㡣
ˣļôƴޡ
ԺиֳĵӰӣȻӣܸоŮӺ;ʮ
ʼֻǳں棬һû뵽ȴһĻ
ʧƴƮҡ֮ʣ𾳽ǿЩ֮ҲҪ֡
СүļΨһ뵽İ취
ļסʱ䣬Ϊľǽնݵʹʱĳַʽ÷붨ʹ
ĵΪ˾ϧ֮ң֮أҲȻ֪ʹ߼үǸʲôӵˣһаռƻнеĻһүĦʱԸָĽʹ÷Ľ
á˭뵽Ĳԣһ־Ҫ˼үһ׶Σݺƴޱضս⼸˸ںƴΣȫȫƫ
ļƻ
Сүʱ֣ʹȫ˹켣ļƻֻص֮С
ǰڴֻаСүļиǶ˼־ء
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ļͤԷĴţһֱվȺõϽһļǰ
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ϣǱô
ƴѾҳһ࣬⻼棬ҾҲ֪ʱܹ

̾һļϽϵɶˡ
ʱѹˣݵżүʬ뿪ˣŴԾǹڴϡ
ȥɣǱߵ鶼ˣһƴޣԺɡ
˵ȻǿʵȴǼΣյĴڣǶƴ޵ĵ˵ƴޱ˵ҲǸв
ղ˵Щһֻһһˡ
ʿѾȫ𣬿ջָֻԭӣΪ˵ĹϵԭַĿջҲֻʣ˷ĸס͡
⵹Ҳãø徻
ƹʵǲźλˣѾһҪóԺúȵд⼸ˡ
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ջƹСŷĵҪʲôǺȥ׼ŭ˼ڣ³ܱȻҷҪ֡
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ˣСмղˡ
ƹҡҡͷʾԼûмˡ
λϣҪȻСĸλ׼ɣƴ޵ĺġ
磿зСϺүҪؿζġ
īԼԵĲȣĸΧڴõԣ˵Žշھ顣
ģ˵ҲûûصģνսնʹһӾͰѼүˣȺ˻ƴ
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ѩƺû˵ӽīץӣеɫҲ˵Ҫ˵顣
ʮΣ֮أƴڵƣȻߵķ⣬κη紵ݶһȷѪս
ⶨݱȻ¶ʱ򶨺ݺƴ֮ᷢս
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ǳһں˵Ž֡
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ȻвģҲˣΪԼʱľٶʹսҲӲܡ
Ƭ֮󣬺׿ʳ
Сһһצץһзȣһצץһֻ㣬Եǽһա
ΪĽīѩƺҲʳⲻȥǰԸҪķĺͽİݡ
ˣ
úóԣзö࣡
һɨӶζȵķš
óԾͶһЩ
İǽʳι˷ߣһ˫ǳᡣ
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ΪӦҪСүβֻСүĲռƵ䣬ҲʡܶӶ·̡
ʱ򣬵׼֮ʱ˼˲
һīһǰִϣеЦݼΪΣա
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īӵڡУſˮ˶һȦһȦĸڣԼչʾԼ˫ۡ
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֮ҲǱڽ編еǶʱ䣬ȷʵ̽Ӽˣ˭뵽̽ӾȻǼϸٰġ
Ϊ˵ĵˣôҲǴ˾˽׵ĸ֣һƵУҲˣҲ˷ļǰһĻ
յ̽ϸٰģ˵
̧̧ʾԼ˵ֱۣΪ̫ǣ˿ڣ۵ĵһ
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˲»ߣӷĵȥΪСүβ
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תƵǼƿۡ
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ֱһĻͻͻͻҵš
ة´Ҫסļʱ䣬ΪʾԼԽ滰
Ȼû˵ѻ̽ӱضϢʱδ
ʱ䵽ˣԼҵ̽Ӳûг֣Ϊ˲÷ļɣֻ˼ԼһϷ

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վֻοСүһվ
һʱʱ󣬷һٴ˾ةѾھǰȺ˶ʱ
λˣ汾ǰͤԷɣСүѾʱˡ
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īšüͷͲɶ¶
һֱڼ˿ڡƺϵĵĻȥͤԷԺīϵƵĻϸŪһЩơ

669 

ĺͽİǰͤԷСүƣѩƺͽİ·ͤԷ鷿ʱֻȥ˼þơ
īǾ֮˲˾
ƴɶãǾƺá
ƴ޸īûʲôӡ󣬵ǳЩơ֪ǲΪ⻹Ϊʲôӽʮݿʼһ·˲ƣƴ޵ľζ治֮ͬʱǻζ೤ζ
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ûһŹСүԼһЩ顣
ϱ̡ǼһʧʱǿҵʲôõϢôīƴ޵κƵĶϢûУǴǽƴ޿ʼֻһϢǱʧƴ޵Ľأÿµʱ
صķӡŻῪ
ŽīĻһ߿һߺȾƵѩƺ̧ͷҲ
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˵ʵֻǵʧڽ֮УϢ֪֮٣ҷƴܽص޼̫Ĳ֪
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˴ĻǽҪôǱڽصɱҪôǱصĽƲá
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ƴΪ޵ǿڣһȻƴ޵УȻڰƴ޵ʵѹŶݼǧꡣ
ǲ´̣ҲҪػƴޡ
ǣͳƴ޵ľʧݳû¶ˣʮҲȻ׾ʹ˰֣һвκһš
˵شﲩƴѾΪеķ⣬Ҫһӣ֪ݵֻһˡ
³һһ
ϽѾǰ֮ı߽ˣ˶Ӧûġ
ĻŶϽĳҲŶʵΡ
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˵ϴǸڲѷļү
īҲǵǸˣֹӴΪţǶʹߣŹҪ;Ļӣʵˣʲôıֶ˶ĺܣةϽǲһٶ̣û뵽
ǱӸŪˡ
үƴ޵Ŀ֪һ֮ͻ᲻֮ȼү뿪һоʱƽˡ
ͻһĻüүƴ޵ľȼүҲû뵽ᷢԼϡ
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ȾƣȾƣīеıӣǺȹ˾Ʊеƣѩƺһһ߿飬ǲǵԺػصĳ룬һһֻռһ
һЩףֵ˾ôһ硣
һߣڴΪСүŲ飬ڴϵкɫ쳣Ĳ԰ף·ʱػֹһ㡣
鷳ĽΪݿ
˫۱ײţڴϵݻ׼ȷĲ׽˷ĵλãǸֳһĨЦݡ
ˣܸо⺢һֵֺ
վڷļϵİѩСԴŴϵкӣܸоõ⺢һֲ֪ʲôݵ
ħΪһҽɣͨȥδܸ֪ǳһ㡣
˵ĽҽκݵĲô
ݻֿŷĻظĴ𰸣֣Ӹݵϡ
ģһκĲݺͱĺһܸܵﻨܿտա
ĵĴЦĸ⡣
ĿһЩҩŮõҩںҩ֮˯˹ȥʱļͤԷ
Ĺ
Ƿˡ
ļڽŷΪĹʱһʼδڵĽİݾļĳƺ
ҪôǽˣҪôǷˡ
ˣСүĲΣɷҽκСүĲ顣
ļ⽪İݵ̬ȣŷݵĲΣǷܽΡ
İɣȻҴӦκСүĲ飬һὫ䳹׵׵ĸΣҪ֪ʦȷλá
ĻظļѩܵǹҲˣ쳣Ǹ֪ǳռͨ
Сү̫յʱ水ҩҩ֮һʱŵĶҪһ
˵ţֽһŸոдõֽŽļļҩϵּɵüͷ
֡ѣ
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ѣ
ܵĿ⣬Ƴ͡
պЩҪ׼׵һݵ³Ҫĥ
ǷĳвҪֽݣһһǲԵġ
պ׼Ķĺͽİ뿪ͤԷīѩƺԺкȾ쿴飬뿪ʱѾǰˡ
ϦĹâڶ˵ϣÿΪǻþһ㡣
վ˹ϵʯ룬ļĿԶǽգһ˫ѪɫӳϦͣԡ
°׷˾վһµĿӣ˫жŮӵи鶼ǰᣬ·Ҫõһж
İӵŷ뻳ĵӵİ׷ϡ
ʲô
һָоһʱ̶޷뿪ƴ޵׸
ľָоǲɵ뿪һһһ鷳
ĪҪģ۷ʲôΪ򶼻ߡ
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ˡ
İݵ˫ظŷĵʣʵĸоһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ɶ
ˣ
ôôҵιİһ۽ī˵Լˡ

670 ƴ

緹з緹ҹҪԸУֲŹ֣
ԩΪˣֳСΪҲκ֮飬иǻϲ
˵Ų黰黰İݵͷŷĵİ׷
ߣҲҡ
ǣΪ򲻸ңΪأŷ˻ء
ʯϣͱ˲ͬԺһһĲãŹӵĽīѩƺĵĹǺŷĺͽİݲˣӦǻؿջˣ˵ƴ޵ĽգŽϳһˣ뵽ҪĶѾ
˴˵ȵز
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ϺΪϸУ뷢һĿ
Ǹˡ
ѩƺȻѾͻˣɽİǻʱʱ̼ʾŶԷĵռȨ˵汰ӵ˼¡
ͬ⣡Ϊİ׵ܵܵĽīҲʾͬѩƺ˵ֵܰѪףڷǰͰĵܵһֻҪ÷а
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ԣûԣİݽ仰ܾ¡
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ͬŽİǸˣɼΣҪصջ
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ҹɫƴ׶ΪƽڵĹϵֵ˼ַǷ
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ʱҹзɳ԰ټƵħޣһѪڸ£һڱ㽫һȥͷû³
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üͷȫְγĳħڵķɱȥ

īסڵʵѵ԰ټƵħޣЩħ޲ǵѩЩħô򵥡
˾ǲħϮǿϢ
ҪҪæ
īŷģѩƺĿ˷ĵϡ
ɣ
̾һĴӽİݵĻվǴҹԴԴµħޡ
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ʧȥ£ĺͽİݶ壬Χ廹壬򻹲ɷô
ѩƺԴ̤¸ʼһֱϿ飬ϵݿԶЩˡ
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ʱһгſ벻֮⡣
ôɱٵĻ
ĸҰⲻ˵Цôǳ¸ôҺ˶ֻۼҷѩղ˲Ҫ
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ٿһǸӣһٶķ٣Ų¸ʧƴޡ
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675 Ǹıô

һ죬Ž»ķ˶һƺݺݵش˳¸ϣ˲䣬ʺָӡˡ
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ī˳ȥû˱ݸʺִˡ
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ǰСүةൽôˣʲô顣Աݷʲô飬ԵЩһȴû͹һʯͷԵȥ

676 ֵ

ˤǰһ̣ļʱ֣űһܽӴ
Ӧķģкعһ˫ֽץסĵ·ɫʵƺ˻š
һһĺʲô᲻ú˵
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ݵֽ令վһԵĽİĿⲻƵĿһݣȴҲû˵ʲô
ةʱԣϢ֮ް

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ôʲôô
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İöԶѹ˽īĶߣһ
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˸˱ɡ
ּ򵥵ıԼİȻũ񣬵ڲӪںǵˡ

677 һ

ĸŶнİݺѩƺڣīԾǱ۸һ
ǽīǵũֻһ֣ǽһңգĳ˷Ҳ涷ˡ
ǿʯϾʲôĵطѩƺֻܸоʯɢһֲ֪ôݵƺǱѹŵġ
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ѷɳĸء
ĸκ棬ԼҪҲҪ顣
վһԵĽīµĿһۼƲһ顣
˵ݵĹʮݵһôʮݵˮƽҪôҪô
ò˵ݹһӣСڣǵ͵ŮһŮеļƷ
ʵϲ൱ᷳ
סڣһȻ˵ѿСͱŵļīĻ֮ʱȻŭСûһ˵ѿ

678 

нŷĽİݵΪһǰʮģҪһƴڷĵϡ
ҶݵĹҲô
ɾּµһ˲䣬һǿѹѹƶüֱ˫ϥ˵ϡ
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סݣΪս̸ܹεģȥһǶݶʮ֮ڱһƬ档
˵˵˵ʵֻҪеһ˱öݶǲƲ
𾳸ôȻУһ㻹ĸΣ֮˲ϲı֤ʱ̤֮ƽݶǡ
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жΡ
ΪǰһĻʹͣࡣ
ˣҲˣýˡ
˫ŴϣŵҽţǱһԵá
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İݽ֦͵ߣ֦֭ϵı˲Ц˻
֦úóԣ๫Ҳһ
˵ţҲ֦͵˽İݿУ޶˵һһһ͸Űζһƫƫ˲ҿ˶˵ˡ
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һͻȻӽİݵϱǿħͬһѼεؽ߽С
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ͷЩɱǵİɡ
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ֳһվƴ޳ļϽûп˵һֻ֣ܿŷļ˺֡
뻹ʲôҪһġ
һƵǮ
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үүħ޿ţǰŮ˻һһʵļĪеĽǮ
˼¾һ仰һսܹʲôʱּۻۣѡ񡣡
˵˵ʱ򣬷΢΢ͣһ£һ˫ɫ˸żթĹâһжǮǶݾҪ˶Ǯڶʮ֮ڣݶǻΪһƬ档

679 ڰڣ

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ЦģЦǽһƫƫһĸûκΰ취
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Ѫɫĺ΢΢̧𣬷һӣһϾָ֮СϾǿǼòǮĽƴ޵һֹԱĵģЩǮһ˷ĵǾһëǮҲ
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ʵ˵ܲóһǮУֻ࣬ҪһϾͿԡǰÿɣة֯һδļˣŴǲǮôةǶҪһЩŴ˺˾ֶԲ˵ʲô


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ˣϺΪƴ˴󹫣ҪûϺĻƴʤʤ˵ϽǻҲ˵
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ģǸǮӡīǮݷģһڵ͵ͣһëΣ

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682 ϲǵΨͼ

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683 £

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684 ռĽ

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Ǻһϵ֮ʱֵģһ渡ǰУ˫ָһϮɫĳѪۡ

685 һ˶û

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˲⣬ҲûκܸΪλᷢ顣ԾŨҵѪζʬ֮ԭͣһϵ뿪ȥһ˵ĳ

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688 ү

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ǰһ̻׷ҪҪĽīһȴһԵģ׷ѩƺŮ˭ԼϢ

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690 û֮һ

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ֻǣ⻭һʶĸоȷϣԼĳһʱֵЩ顣
ʲôʱЩ֡
棬ԾԺǰţͺϾɵķӳһ㡣
أǻŮӻعͷʱ򣬷ķȻò
ʱеҲתͷһ˫ϸӳ밮ǰΪŵŮӣ֮⣬лȨƿ
ŮӺҲˣתȥʧӰ١
˲û׷ȥؿŮʧڰɫС
ĿŻ棬˵Ĺ£ܸоÿһ涼ʮֵϤ벻ںʱεԼЩ顣
ô
㡣
ʱһӦŷģȴԴ˷ӿصڻ֮С
⵹İİųɫ˫䱸ĿԴ֮
Ǻˡ
Ӱڷǰʱ˴һߣϵӳŷĵӰӣ˿˱òǺӡ
ķ
ҵķǽİݣˡ
еĺŨŴԼΣˣĽĳ𵶣ֻҪǰһ֤ʬ
Ҳ˷ĵĶֻǹ˼ųΪԭ򣬽Ųͣԭزδǰ
İݣһߣǿгֽߣѾǱˡ
ǺǣΪһ˵Ļ
ЦţԾų𵶡
˵һĸţɲ֪ΪΣξȴǳٳٲ
ֻҪУֻҪ뿪ʱѣΨһԭֻһ㣬ǾǶԷΪҪǿö࣬Ϊѹ޷뿪
˼ˣĳĳ׼ǰߵİӡ
е㲻ǵһһеĻͨһƣСһǳƣǰΣˣֻҪ˯ˣʱصĳξ
С
һ÷ķС
Ŀǰˣһ˷̬ƺûд˺ġ
ģ˽ϵжڷǰһϤæ
ҡҸ硭ܣҸ磡
ҸѾˣĺңֻԼĻþ
ġ
ĺӵ˿ڵһģһǶȫȫȥʱĺұˡ
˼֮ϣҸΪ˱Ѿˣʬ˾֮£ǲġ
ģңûϴˡ
û任ҸӾͿƭء
˵ϣֵǣȻûгκηӦ
ܣôܣ
а֮ﶼзӦˣΪʲôǰȻ࣬Ի仯ĺҵӣ𾳵Ĵ߱ħޣ߾ѾõΪΣΪγûκЧ
á
ΪĵҸ硣
ԾԳĺҵ˿˵ţٰĺңңܱ֮ͷųҲźܴĹϵ
Ҳǳľ֮һˡ
ģҸѾˣ˵㾿ʲô
Ѿ˵Լݣֻ㲻Űˡ
ηеĳ֮ǰǳӲû˵ࡣ
ĳδһʳѪҺ֮һ˿˿µӣϵĶš
ģķĺңİֻҶ֮һϰֻҪɡ
İݣ
ۿԽǰˣһһ˵˳
˵һ飬ҵķֻнİһˡ

˰̾һĴ˵࿪ʼˣϵѪҲʧδһ㡣
ڵѾ׼ʱֻؼѾ֮ǰһУõģָеļ䣬֮ǰ뱾֮ĵεΡ
£˵Ӱ˲ʧֻ·һãȻһƬɫĻڡ
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£ĴӽİݵĻ˹Žǰӣһ˫밮⡣
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๫
ΪأôˣǶô
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ſӵŽİݣİҲӦӵľٶɶĻһԵĽīѩƺ
ѩƺʵϰû¶һȻлǶԷŸ飬ָǶԷõǷҪǿȡռġ
ȿÿѩƺīʾ빷ԣһ㶼ԡ
Ҫģľ˲ʱϿҾβҵϱ̳أҲһЩ뿪ʮݡ
īһ۷ĺͽİݶˣ޲ò˵ӿ泤ʲô
Ķʲôʱˣٯٯġ
԰λүȥ°
ע⵽īкһ˿˿׼ȷ˵ڼҵȻ뿪ʮݡ
ռ˶Խī˽⣬һǡ
Ǹүֵôô
īϵĺӣԼڲصĺܺˣôġ
ѽУү˵ô
īʮ֣ص˵Լص¡
˵֮ǰϺһԣϺ㻹ǵðɡ
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ѩƺǵ£ӵǸŮӣѾʮˣõҲֻЩˡ
ԣӵ飬ռ֮ǰүҲȥǸСƨӡ
ǣī˵ݵԭԼʵ顣
һŽīŨҵڴУҲ˵Ҫԡ
ݺѩƺռĶһ飬Ϲת
ݸռϹתѩƺƲת֮ϹȵһЩӰ˵顣
˵Ϊ˱ү£Ͻҵϱ̳أȻ뿪ʮݣүҪȫȫ֮ǰҵϹᣬīűκ˶ǿҵִǰͽΪڴ飬û֮һ

691 Ҳû

Ϲת磬귽ʮ塣
Ϣֻô࣬ٶҲռȻϾռ֮ҪһܽеڶռҲ϶
ҵƣҪƴһΣϸһЩʲôطȻҪȥϹᡣ

ˣֵôɵƵġ
ǡ
Ϊī˵ͬʱҲ
ȻǵΪղ䣬ȥҲͶʮӣɾҲڵԼ伸Ρ
һʮҪĶĶĶ࣬ԣīһʮ˵Ƥȥƭ˼һʮС̬ʮʮı̬
ιιιʲô񣬱үɲǱ̬үˡ
̬
ѩָŽīʣ֮⻹ȵȵĻһ
СӣҪǱүã͵ɡ
īСһʶߣ
֪䣬ڶ֮Ϣʱ֮ãȵ֮ʱ˲̳űߵķȥ
βʲôطֻ;ô
īȻ֪βʲôļ˵ԾβѪڴضĻ䣬ѹŵãĿⲻԾĿ˷ġ
ʲô
īĿ⿴ŷëİһۡ
㳤Ưа˵㵱ʱΪɶҪѪ棬˾β
עһ£Ѫ˻ݲݣҲڵЩ¶ˣҲȥʲôβˡ
һҪ˵Բ£ﵱʱûע⣬ԼѪˡ
īԼʲôβתһ㶼˽ôʲôβ֮ġ
һûһţڣһʱ֮뿪˶µ֡
ϵһ̣ĸоԼҪùɢȥһù
վסʲôˣ
ڼ׼н֮ʱһȺźµס˼˵ȥ·
ÿһΪڴ˾۷壬з׷׾𳤵׼ˣǷĵκεľٶеĳԻַӽࡣ
Ǳû⼸λӦƴƿͽܡ
˱סȥ·ʱһ˽Χ
Ѱȥ֮£һϮŵӳ˵֮С
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¿½ԳΪֳǱȻʮݵľˡ
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ԭ˾Ǵ˵еƴͽܡ
ǡ
İصÿһ˵Ķߣɭɭķ䡣
û˵ʲôֻйµ˼ѣҪҪһɱڵı顣
Ȼƴ֮ˣ룡
ÿһ·żͬС
½Цţŷĵ˵ͷ
λˣּˡ
½ĴкȷĿڻظİӵŷ뿪
Ľī˿½һԭ˵ıǽ˵յĲ⡣
ƴ޼½ʱܾһʮֵĸоܲ뽪İݵѹΪȻ˵õģ
񣬵½һγǰҰǽΧҲʮݾ֮ݡ
һᣬּˡ
ܹǰǣҲõ²̨οʮݵľ
ȻʮݾʲôĺûѵĹϵ
ǰּˣǲʲô˲ˡ
û¶ϸ˷֮ûЦ
ī˻תߣȴ½һνסˡ
Ҳμʮô
ǣǾġ
Ȼī½⣬һĿѰơһʧȥ˾һôص飬ƴޣ֮һǾ׵׵ʧˣʮ޾ͿԹϷƴˣ֮⣬Ⱥ
֪ƵģȻӡ
Ľİݺͽīѩƺ˵ӰʧԶֻ½վԭأؿŷʧķ
ҲȥʱûɹԱģ˱ԭӣ˫ֶż΢΢̾һ
۾ˣ÷ܼǵ֮ǰô߷ĺͽİ֮Ͼǣ
ƻǵ⡣
֮ǰΪ֮İݲһеʿʱһȫȫƫ˵Ĺ
֮ķ
Ǿ仰Ļָ֮ǰļ䣬ʲôӣʲôѡ
ҡ
ǼһھβУ˵ĿһΪ˾ơ
Խİݵ˵Ϊǵ۾˵Ķ֣ѶԸǼһ
۷תΪ˭ƶһػţĵϢǵĵ۾޷Ѱҵĵꡣ
һжص;÷ĽİЩ˾ƵĻǺʮּ֡
ǰԱƻ뿪
кݾ֮⸡ֶؼ䶼񱻱סһ
һߣ뿪ķĲ֪½ڼƻʲôҲ֪ıǹԼ˭
ʱ˿̵ָǰס֮أΪ˲μʮƴ޴
λƴ޵ľʹʲôҪɷԸڵŮˡ
͵дƴ޴ķӣת뿪
Ŀ˿İݽīѩƺ˵Ƶģô
ңҲûӣ鲼Ž磬˭֪ϲĹ᲻̤һС
īʼ磬ʾԼҲûа취˵һĺкܶĵط濴ȥȻһͨͨС죬ݺܲŸ磬Լķ
ãȻȥѰҾβĻȶϷ齫
ϢҸ׻ܲʳβλá
ŵλڱҲһֱڰձķߣܲ󷨻ʧ˷
óóȻȥĻ롣
ҲΨдᣬץһһʾβʲôλˡ
ĸСϢʱ߽
λʮݵľǶ½½ǰλҲһͬǰ
ɶͿˣ
Ͼ˵ʮݵᣬҲ̫ʽ˰ɡ
ĻǣÿһʮݵľǾۼ֮󣬶Ҫһһ̤޽Լ
ɶԼ
īеԼɶ뿪֮ǰļҲû˵
ʵɣҲļļ˵ˣҲҶð˼עЩ顣
λ룬ְΪλ·
Ҳ˵ڵļ˲ȥҲȥȥҲãһҪƴȥμʮݵᡣŪŪȥǾƵ˻Ҫβμᡣ

692 Ĵǰ׽е

ÿʮ꿪һΡ
ʱʮݵľǶһǩԼԼݷ쳣Ǵŵ˼˵ϣʮݵľǿԳ̸ʮݵķչǾԲκֽϵΥһԭ
ǽܵ޵ĹͬƲá
ԣÿһε֮УĳһŭҲҶ֣Ͼ˭ҲʮǷʳ
ߵɽۣɽƮһ˼ɾľ
ԲۣоүҪõˡ
㻹ĵõⲻɻ뽫ħץδŮܵõĻϹ۾ˡ
ȽīΪһ죬ѩһˮݺݵش˽ī
ܵõܳˡ
𾳽֮󣬱Ĵڡ
ܹʮݵʷҲѴλõǽÿһ֮ʱҪعı仯һǾ׽١
Խߣ׽ٵҲԽǿ
׽ֻ֮һһ𾳽̤֮еһ̣ΪǿĽٽή١
ʲôپͲö֪ˣϾܾٳΪ뿪ûжɽٳɹĶҷ³
˾ǿ󣬵ȲߣǿԾɲĶ֡
˵ûĴڣеĻ޸զ
㵱º԰һô׳գ
ѩӵĽīһѾסСһβͣĽСһӳ
ƴ޾ǰǩԼ
ʽļţֵƴ޵ľǰǩԼ˭֪ʧãһеȨ˼ͽܣǸĿڴǰ

΢΢̾һĴ뽪īѩƺ˲˵С
Ϊ׵ŮһϮ°׷һ˫籦ʯҫŹ˿һۣ˫ѪɫУ˵ɷ֮һ
Ůһ۵ɢҪׯصĳŹǷɼˣҲ޷˺ӵǹɷǵ֮
֮һϮʢѩˣϢ˱ᣬ˫۶ӣһᱻǺ˪
˾Ƶͽô𾳵ǿߣҲƴĶˡ
ƴ޴ģīѩƺ˿ԸԼ
żʣ˵ѾظʮεĻ
ԡ
ȫû⡣
š
ԣȫû⣬ţ
ʲôش
뿴ǰˣ֣صĳϣ˾ܵĴӦ
ʵ̫ˣ
ӦǲԼ³ܵʮ޵Ʋá
ܲϲ˵̬ȣлҲв˱ʲôߺܳеġ
⻰ʱ򣬷ĽīЦ˳Ʋãһλһûжƴأնƴһսλֶ֧ݣһССĶҲҾٱƴ
ء
˵䣬ĵĿ⿴򶨺ݾԪϣһ˫ѪɫųЦ벻֮⡣
Ŀ⵭ɨеÿһˡ
λģʮᣬǼҲֵ飬ЩҲҪʵǾƤǷᣬԼ
ʮְһ仰һĻصÿһ˵Ķߡ
֮⣬Ϊ˵Ļʮݵľ
ƴ޵ľȻʧٶʲôͷ
ʧܵ³͸λһĳЩ˻ҪƴޣƴԼͼΧ
ɣԼĴһܡ
һĨЦڷĴǣ𶨺һ֮ʱǶݾԪɫѿа˶ݵļ޾ɫҲûÿȥ
Ǳһѵǵµ̨ԼǰҲԳֻ֣ŶԼ̲סѵһٷģȻڷϡ
ʮŭŷģ˭Ҳ뵱ͷ㿴ҿ㣬ô࿴š
վǰķĴǵЦ֪ô棬ȺҪģƫƫһˮõϣЩȨĵô档
ˣһҪһλ
ƺʲô飬İ˫˿еΪΡ
Ǽ˱ϾǴϾСطģûʲô治˵ƢҲã
˵ı飬ļ൱⡣
仰Ҳװ׵ĸˣǴϾǱģʲôذأҪʲôֵ飬ǵİ취ȻǰٱȥġƴĴǰ׽еġ

693 Ҳ

ᣬʮݾǾۼ֮С
ΨƴԴʽ֣㲻ƱڳĵҲǡ
Ϊĵ𾳽Ϊƴ޼Ŀ
ǣΪᣬǸβϲҲΪԼܶԷ֡
ôô־ͺˡ
˫ֶżϵıʮšյ˵Ѱƶǲμʲôʮᣬ֮ȲμӸᣬΪƴ޷ˣƲڵʱ
Ӧõ͵
ȴ쳣ĸߵߵǵ硣
ȻôȻԭ
ƴһս˵ʮݶУһ־ΪԼ˽Ķ˶ݹƴޡ
յĳ棬һ½ƴ޵Ŀᵽ̨ˣƲڣֻҪƴһ죬ͱƴ޵ע⡣
ҲǸЩ˱ƴ޵ע⣬ҪȻ³ȶݲǧٱ
У˷ĵ֮⣬ʣµֻаĺŭĵ
ôߵô߻Լλϡ
ʮ·ÿһһھŭ߹
˵Ȼȥ˵Ŀ⣬һˣ˶ֿ󣬻Ϊƴ޾ֻĸ˻Ầ¡
Ц˭ƴĴڶ˵˵ѡڷĵĻ̫ˣʮݾһλĳеΣ밴Ͱ˵˼ʣҲĺѣ׷뿪

ڸ˭ݾһȡ
ݾԪ׼ȥ֮ʱĿڽס
ԪԪߵγǰڿΣ
ģϲ׼䣬Ȼὲݾʬġ
ЦΣգҲ߶ݵһˡ
ҪΪԼһѶݾǧС
£ؾͼ;һɰˡ
Ѿķ̧֣ز˶еĳֻ˵һ죬ӲĹ˵ϡ
ϣôôСģô˵͹ֲǴ˴Ǻ
Ľе龧˵ϣǾٶôöݵľԪŭƫƫǰϱŷǿѹǵһһ
ҲȺ˲
ô컯֮£Աô
˼еᣬе㷴θԪ仰ڱ˿ʲôë˼Ƿڹ컯֮¶ֵĻԼЧñʱƴ޼˻ţҲ޷ʮ
ֹƴޡ
ɷĵĻظȴÿϷһھЦԪҲɫࡣ
ɱô˵ҺҪǿȡһ˵ֲʲôƻŮҲôǲϹģзˣ
ǵƤ
İʼնڷߣǶݵʲôٶһö˵Ķ֣޳ʳָڷĶǰĳ˳ǻﻹ񶼳ż֮⣬޲Ҫ¼еᶼ
ģϵļƤһء
˵ģԼ˵컯֮һ֣๫ô˧ߣôϹ۾Ķء
úúãΪ֪Ϊôַˣŷ˶ġ
˵ţİƾҪȥ˵ǰŷģڽīʱֹûɴŰֳ
ע㳡ϣҪȥᡣ
īüͷһı鲢ûйĲʸоȻѾӦճˡ
ȿȣ๫
ĵͷɫߺƿ˽İݣ
̸צӵģү̫˧ˣղŲûѳס
عķԼ֮⡣ǸʲôԪӦô֪ǿߵˣ¶ƴޱʾʮֵǸ⣬ϾǶݵƴޣ
θһġҪͶݾ˵ı飬˵ǿ߱ѩƺ뵽˽磬˵߼Աʱѩƺ˽֮У
һСԱǻʬ޴ˡ
Ͼƴޣô˵ҲҪһͲ˵ùȥ
˵ˣ͹ͣΪݵ˽ģ˵ˣֲǸġ
ǿߵΪƴ޵Ĵˣһһ𸴣ԣΪɱ˵֣ѩƺʲô˵ô
˵Ŷƴ飬ҽѩƺǰ
ٱ˿ǳѣ塣
ʱѩƺǰһʤѩĿŶݵľ˵һţƵըĻ
ɱ˾ɱˣΣ
һηʶݾɱ˵ĳϣҪô
һ仰ݾԪˣ⼸߲ƣĿʲôҲ֪һҲġ
ȼԪڣһԵĽīһ˻Ȩ
һ𾳵ǿ߾ôˣǶݾĻȻʣҪȻ;ٶƴ޷սɡ

ģīѩƺһһȫԪ˵ĻᣬĿ˵ҲĽԪġ
ʵĵĿĺܼ򵥣ǺͼԪѺõһ˵顣
ݶƴ޷սһ£Ԫ˶ɱһ顣
ԣղ˵֮⣬˵֮⡣
˿ŶݾԪǿɢѹͬСɡ
һʱ̣Ԫƺ˸ô˵ұֻ֤ҪԼ˵һ֣˾һѵʱվڲԶ޾ΪݾΧŵ˼÷ĵ˲Ҫͱˣݺƴ޵Ѿȥˣܲʱἰ
ߡ
ϣⲻ޾ô
īìͷת޵ľ޾͸оԼһʼԼԪ˵ˡ
ûкҩɽīԼû񫣬ǺԪͶ˷һʼ
Ҫ𶨺ݶƴ޷սƺҲ˲æء
īһ޾æƲԼͶ֮Ĺϵ
ȲҪſڿӣ֪ϲúƽ
ļٵģҿ˵ڶƴ޷սʱ޺ͱսṩǮأǲŵƴս֮ȻϷƴأ
īЦĵ׷ë⻰ȻﲻЩⴧͼǣһսСžĸλ˭ס˲ǽǼ˵ѡ

694 Ǻ

ȥǻص˵ĵնݶƴ޿սǼϡ
˶ݾԪ޾Ͷ˱ƿԣҪ߿˵ľҲĬĬƵһѡ˿Ϸ
ʵҲҪἰ飬ϾݵսѾĻݾҲɹ˲Ͼ΢΢̾һϢ˴˲С˹ĿǣֻһЦ⣬Ķݾеŭһ֣ǹ˼ƴĸ
˵ʵȻһȺվǰһսܣϾΪʤһӦõ˴ˣɱ˵ǿߣ˵ǶȨ飬Ӳܿ
ǵˡ
ĵĻһһĻصڣص˵Ķߡ
֮⣬ǿԣǾܾܡ
꣡
ôҪĻȻ˵˵ȻƴĴͷȻǰ׽еġ
ˣҲû¶ˣͲλˡ
˻֣Ŀ֮£ԷΪ׵ĶŶӽʧڣʧԶ
ֻʣһɫļԪԼһڿϷĳԹϾ
ˣ
Ѷݾͷһ٣ĸһƨˣ
ġ
ԪȭͷĿеĺⲻﶼԱҪɱĵľġ
ż뿪Ҫǻʲôʸ
ƼƻʲôһЩΪ֪飬Ԫе֮ƱҪʬΣɱ֮졣һߣ뿪й䣬ɽҰĻ֮¼λãȻ˵ȲģڵľɫȴеҪ
Ϻܶࡣ
ϯض˵ŷϷ顣
赽زˣԪȻ̣һƻʲô
Ĳçײˣÿһ鶼ԼĿԣĳ¡
β֪أҲʮݵľǺǵĽɫ
һˡ
ֻܾҵˡ
ǰĲõĻԣ֣ժһ仨ڱǼŻķҷ
ȻֱΪƴ޵ĴҲֻȥˡ
ʮĵһ죬Ͼͷϲ顣
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696 ȱµľ

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ʻ滭ĵͼϻŶʮݹķֲҲͬϸıעÿһΪҪеִ֣ͼеһƴ
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698 ๫

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ҶŷģĿǻϲССȻ֪ʲô˼˵һɣɡ
ĶЦСҶ
㻹ûдԲֻǰѣɣҶӦ֮ܣ˵Ҳԡ
ţҶԲͱ˵ġ
СŮĵͷ֤ԼԲὫ߱˵ġ
Դӽ֮󣬷ĵΪֽһ׶ΣʮףֻҪʮ˽״ԲһѣΪ
˵ʼϾԪ磬ڤֱڵʮݣĴûΪ˳ĿŬ
ô˵ɣѡʼһжⲿƶԼǰУĿǵе飬ʮģġ
֮Σͬ٣ЩǷ׷ģʼ׷޵ֻƽİϢճô򵥡
ƫƫͿǰ
磬ֻҪȥ֮Ѱҵƣһ鷳ͿĻˡ
ҹɫ٣ΪٵıŰŴԭ޺õʯһζѿһεƸͣۿո޺õĵֱ̰١
ˣˣˮˣܰ
ӰߵˮԽԽߣ˵̰ӳСϯ磬ۿžҪСû
Сĵλôɽ֮£ֻҪˮλ˵̰ӣͻбûĿԡ
˭֪һαѸͣСʱ䡣
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ߣȻƽ뿪Ǳ
ʾȻС뿪赼
ںˮûС֮ǰ󲿷ֵĴѾִ˰ɽСһִûü룬ۿžҪˮɣȻлӡ
ˮһХţ֮شݿ⵽ƻ
ߡ
ԾڻСƽ룬ɺˮڳûκĿˡ
ӣ
ӣ
ںˮΧ˵һ̣֮Уһâĳ֣ǺХĺˮȻһεǽڸ档
ǣͦ밡
һϮ°׷ķնſһ罫Լ˻Уⱻˮʴ
㡭ǺˣΪԼɵӿŰŵŮӣ°׷һ˫Ǿʥһ˲ƿߣһȥҲҪ̰Ŀ
һ۲Ÿġ
Ǹʿѡ
ĽԼݣ˵ԼǸʿЩֻˣСֵģ
ܱܲˣϽȥɽ
˶ţƤٺҲЩڡ
һΪҲҪСȫҲ֡
Ϊĵĳ֣Լһްڽɢһ̣ˮС
лӾ֮
Ϊʼ֮ˣӱȭϹ񣬶ڻʼ˵˹л֮⣬Ҳһ¡صл⡣
лɾ֮
Сһ˵ϣʲôɽơ
ҾǸʿѣܲ𡣡
ľ͵ַ⽨ĹŴᣬŸϷĶܱɡ
ϰ壬߰ɡ
ãϳ
Ĳȥʱ䣬Щ˵ĹݣֻҪʾϰϿ뿪
ϣİëƤϿе鼮ſڷߵСҶŷĿͣ
ڿʲô

Ŀǳ֮⣬СҶԽԽϲġ
Ҷ׺òá
ȿȣҶ˵ĪҪĳķ磬ҶŻ˵Щ
ϰȫϣҲһʵˣ϶겻ԭҲδңɼӵİôŨҡ
ްϰǸ
ЦţҶա
յг̶̣ڵ
Ϊ׶ĵľȻԶ
һҿջϰշĿķȥҩҩǺСҶĹһһСʮעĿ
ǰ°׷ŮǷô
ҪȻأһǷŮӣÿÿߵС޼ֱʹһ
ҪôһϱζЦѡ
İɣҲԼʲô
ĺСҶڴţһ·һ·ԣȻҲ˵ۡ
㣬˵κҶòҶԺǲǿԺĺһˡ
Ҷ֮ʲô
Ҷǲ֮Ҫʲô
ţ
СŮӺʵ⣬Ƭ֮󿪿˵
ҶҸˣԼҸס
бȨ֧㡣
ЦţʵҶ
ǽûϲˣ
аķõˡ
İݣҲ֪ںδ֪ԽİݵΪһʲô鷢ɻ˵ˣû๫ߣԷҪԼ֡

699 

699 
뿪๫յʱ䣬ͱ˼
Ҳ֪İںδû
һʱ֮󣬳ϴŷҩϵĲҩص˿ջ
ҩ£СҶ˯˹ȥΪСҶؼһʱͣǼľٶ
ЩӦ˵
ĿųϣͰѷĵɡ
ȥ˵ĳš
ڴ֮ǰһҶǺˣʲô쳣֮
Ҷ쳣ӦòͻȻеģܴһԭӦǼ̳ĸѸ֪ҶǺηʥ

ԳƬ̣գϻ˵ŹҶ׵顣
һʼҶʶʱ򣬳Ҳ֪ݣֱ׷ɱҶײź˵
˵ϹһѪһʥŮϹŵ֮䣬ǱռǱǻصĴڡ
ҶҲһʥŮΪ̰뿪˴䣬ϣ֮మ
ڶ˳ɻʱ׷ɱļǵõʱĻ棬Ѫɺӣ˼ҲΪ
ųϽҶ׵飬ҲµһЩ飬ܸܵǿ󣬵ǾഫѾʧȥãΨһ쳣ĥż޵Ůӡ
ȻΪҪʲô飬ҶΪ˱ԼĺԼѹҶֻϧʱƣӡڽʧ
ҶĲΣҪס˵Ļʮʱ䶼ҪҶȥԺޣȵʮ֮ʱȥ
ͨһϹڵϣɷ˵㳯ŷĿͷǰһס˳ϵľٶ
ҶǻҲǸܰȵĻʮ꣬㽫Ȿ
ǵĴΪ˱е˲Ҳƻʹϵ£ʺ
Ҷ֮ƾⱾУǷҪԼĸԵˡ
Ⱥ򡣡
˳ϣʼΪҶβ
ʼ㽫Ҷڵ壬˵Ҷ׵飬ҲǿгĻССŮӱض
ΨнԼһЩעҶڣγһӡҷסȵҶʮɹΣڣԼҶѪеС
һɫĹعâҶϣֱջΧС
һյĹ֮󣬹âһ˿âɢ֮ʣһжƽ
ҶѾ޴ˣΪİΣϣܰ˵Ļȥ
ȻĳлСŮһ
ƿҪٴεлɷеķʧӰ٣ֻʣڴϰ˯СҶ
Ѿ뿪ջķڴϣҶŮ˵ҲһԵ֡
һҪǰʹѰҼ֮۵ַ鼮
֪˶ãֱһΰĻʹַĵǰ
ʹϤˣĻʹĻʹʮݵľǰĴʹ
ҹɫǡ
ĳҹɫ˻ʹ㿪˻ʹѲߵѰŲĵص㡣
ϰߣʹĲǴͬС죬ѰŸо˻ʹڵء
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һһŵǰҲһһȥҡ
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ĺͷ֪ôʲôطѰ֮鼮ʱһصڷĶߣ漴ɫ֮£ֻһɫӰǰ
㣿
ɫڷϵʱƬ̡
ʥˣô
ǣǸţŶӰɡ
Ķ˻ӡģСϺˮǰΪΪ˱Сϧա
Ǳʥô⣿
ӶǲĿŷģʥΪʲôΪ˹졣
ôˣһ飬ڼ֮۵鼮
ĺʱҪȻһһ治֪ҵú¡
жʥ˽ֱɡ
Ƕ಻˼
ڨЦţҲǶҪȻǱ˵ĻҪִˡ
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ʥбΪѰҼ֮۵鼮ô
ȻأΪʵ۵İ
˵ʵˣʮƴ޾һˣҪΪ˾ƣأͺ๫ȥˡ
ʥҪ֮۵鼮ǡ
Ҳ֪Ӧôͷ˵ֻôŷ˲Ϊĵĵص㡣
봦һأһԵڵµĸ̨Զϣ
̨мǰڷһᡣ
ʥˣǱǼ֮۵鼮һֵǷػţÿֻлļܽ俪
ʲô󣡡
𿴲̨Χŵһȴܿ
һ߲ʰ쵵ɫΧǱ鼮Ҳ׵ĿԽ
ǼأҪ֪Ȿݡ
ۿ鼮ǰɿûκΰ취ָоʮ˲ˬ
ҧüͷ鼮ڵĸ̨
ʥˣǲףʥ˲õģٹ¾Ǵ֮գʱɽһʥ˲μӼ졣
֮⣬֮ļ֮ʱŷĽڲһľͿ֪鼮мŵݡ
ǻÿ궼ٰ죬û˼ǵô
ĵĻεЦš
ǼǵãҲ˵ʲô
õһֺܹϺܹϵԣǲ֪˵ʲô˼ֻ֪ǰվ˵ŵ˼ʲô˳ȵȡ
Ҳ˵һҪͣµʱ䣿
ĿǷ꣬ӣһССķ͵ģֻһӲĻⷨὫ鼮һͬٻ٣ʱû֪֮ʲôطˡ
ʵڲУͳɽȥʼдɶ
⣡
Ȼ˽ΪҪõⱾᣬɴҲ˽⵽һ
ʥˣʹˣš

ʹˣƽרչˣֻеȼ֮ղŻɽӡ
ң˽ӴʥҲǿӲɽϵķ
ҲǸҲУҲֻڴǰµʱ䣬Ⱥ֮յ
̸צӵģ
ʥ˲ĻЩӱסҵ޹Уɺã
Ͳǻ˰
ҲǴ֮ˣפ޹˵ĵǲе̫ˣһĴĶء
ᣬʥ˾ȹңʥ˵Ļ
㡭ˣҲʥˣֹġ
ĸ֪˶Լ֡
ãĹ
գ붫ص޹׼ڴϰµʱ䣬ȴ֮գϼһ￪ӡʱͿ֪ϵݣ֪֮۵λãȥˡ

700 ʵ

700 ʵ
ƶμǣžŰʮһҲˡ
Ӷ޹УһϮ°׷ķǧϳŷϵʳ
ò˵ĸ㻹治Ȼ𵫲壬ڼڳ㡣
Ĺϲ߶һЩùŮһЩ
ˣٳȥǳɣҵķ
ڶ󣬷Լķ䣬˵Ǹߴ๫Խüįĺܡ
๫㣡
ĹҪĻʱԸŮ

Ļ˻ֱ˴Ͻ硣
УһƬڣ޴ĻĶǽİݡ
ˣ
һϤڶߣ˫ۻعͷ㿴İݵӰ
˫е谮ռۣһܱ˵˽İݻС
๫Ƕȥʲôط
еĻͬ磬һʼֻǱ̬ԣû뵽ļ๫
أδɷȫ
ڴѾ֪ƾۣ֮๫ģҺܰȫģ๫ء
ĵǵĿŽİݣ֪ΪΣһָоİݵھصΣա
ʵϣĵĸоǶԵġ
˱ɫĹâ֮䵽˲ͬĿռ䣬ĳ˴İݽīѩƺ˰޽硣
Ҫ֪޽ǧеļ֮أҲǳصģ𾳵ΪҲҪСӦԣ³һҡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣİظŷĵա
˷ģΪ뽪īѩƺһ𣬲޴󰭡
ôã
һŵǵ뽪İ˵ڴһЩ飬Ҹ߽İݲõԼҵ֮󣬱ȥ
ʱǰĽİ˲ɢһƬɫҲޡ
ֻ֮ʱжϵ֪ϷʲôΣա
޽У΢õһ˿ϢռĽİܵħ޵׷ѾѪɫһƬֲԼѪħ޵Ѫ
ޡʣµǶԸ
ѩֶߵʱҲ˽ɫĹȦУ뽪İһ͵˰޽硣
ģЩħ޴Ҳ꣬ҪпԭӵֱըƽѾģ
īн񽣣׼ħޱǺὣһӶ
Щħ޻һħޣͷľħޣĻҪķһЩ˵ɰǧͷħˡ
ɫһƬԲϹħȺɱŨ
ţ֮ħ죬ʶĻˣɱ⡣
ѩָ˳ɳڴħ̬һƬѪɢʥޱȵĹâ
޽磬һһħ޶սʱķȴĵ˷ùȴʱЩȥ
԰УǷϵ˼㣬ǧҡҡλΡ
ʱһֵ˷ĵ徻
ѰȥֻԶһȺˣΪ׵һ
˵ܲ˸ŮӣôһƣǱ۵ĻܽŮ͸檿ɺá
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̫ӵԣŮеˣԵҾסҵ޹֮У̫ӵĪҪĹ徻
֪ϲϲ˴ţԴʱʳʱŻϼ䣬̫ǿд޹ѾĹﲻϲ
ˣˣ࿪۽磬ʵۿе˾ʲô֮˵ֻʵѵĽڡ
ǣ̫ӵ¿ֺηô̫ӵ˵Ļô
Ա߰׵ĻŶ𣬿һĻüͷ
⼸ڻʹҲһЩ飬ԣֻǹŮĵʱҲˡ
Ӷĸڱ΢ǽŮҲΪʵƳ˶ĸףŻӵĵ
ҲΪˣĸӶ˵ıټ϶ĸûñ㱻ˣֻʣССֹĶǵĻʹмѵš
Լ¸ڻʵǰһϯ֮λ˭֪ȴѹ
ŶηչĻֻڶϡ
Ҫôݷ̣ճΪĻʵۡ
ҪôǳΪۣ
ָش淢˵죬һĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϡ
ҽ£ӦҲԵֵһ֡
Ȼˣβء
̫Ӷһڻ׼ƳСԺ֮ʱһĻص˶ߣȴÿһ˵ࡣ
徻
ĵһ˿
ʱԭ׼̤СԺͣ˽Ų
ĵŭæǰš
ĹĪҪҵȥ
뿪յҪǺװŪ
ع̫Ӷٴβ˶ǿеĴСԺ֮УҪһΪ˾Ǻηʥ
ڴʱһǿɣۿ̫ӶǷݺݵڵϣǰĽŲ˺˺ü
֮£ڶϲǼƽϣǵǰһݹֱ顣
˲δˣȴѹǵ࣬ͺһ˫ںݺݵǵĲӣֻҪ΢΢һȺ˱ύڴˡ
ͻȥˣ̧ŻԲѵĶ뿪ӵ޹Ҳ˻ʵ۵Ķ档
Ļʵ۶׿һιеΪ˽飬δĵҲϵӡ
鵽ö׿Դ˼
棿
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ּȥҪȥԶ
ǣ£
ʵ۰ڼԶʱԶķĸ֮ᷢʲô飬һԵĶĿĵǡ
Ĺ¶ѾˣʹҲҪԶǺá
ţóƽĳȡ
İοŶĪҪżˮڡ
˵ţԶ⴫̫๫Ѽɤһ
¼ݵԶһڹӭӡ
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ΪΪĳӣ˻ʵҲȻҪ¹ġ
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׿䣬δи֮С
ǣʡ
ڶ˵Ѿϰ˸ʵĮĵֻǶһʧѡ
һԵķȻ鿴۵ס
ʼҾȻ˻ʼңҪ֪顣

701 

701  
֮£һϮ°׷һ˫ѪɫĺǾµòʥࡣ
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ϲ̫һȣһαԴ
ĵ󣬿ÿһֶѹ֮С
֮ͬһӲ
ϢŭСӲͬػӵ顣
׿忴ŷģһʼŴеһǰŮϱŷͬˡ
ιܲôƺбɡ
Ƿǻõְֻǧǰĳƺõʱرõ
ĽιΪһ֮Ķ׿ȻϲҲ˵ʲô
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Ϊ²׿Զһ뿴٣ߣҲȻ顣
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վӲʱţǲ֮С
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ۿž͵˴ļ֮գһҲʱΪ¡صĽգǶ·ףشϲӡ
һϮ¸ڶߣװһ£Ҳʡˡ
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ĵطһɽۣļĲ²Ƶϸ̨žẬŻɬѶĴ
Ӽ뿪ӡʱ򣬷ıڰй۲ߡ
һֺֹϵӡŽ⿪˷ӡңҲŷӡûжֽ
ȻǶ˵һͷĻÿһ
žһһĿһεɢţɽۣ֣һƬѩĶƮָ䡣
Ĺôˣ
ǿô
ʾⶫע⿴Լָ䣬һƬѩ
ҡҡͷδָʲô
Ҳѹ֣һ
ûΪ˸ѩ
ȫ򿪵ʱɽƮѩ£ξһ㡣
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ʲô
Ĳһģ˫ϥ˷ĵǰ
𡣡
鰡˼ңôǰٰ
ľҲһ˼ҸԼ¹æǰߡ
˼ңɶֱ˵ǣ˴ҿɳܲ𡣡
٣ǧһֱŵְ֣ཫύ㡣
˵ţ߽ύ˷ģ˵Ҳ֣ϵеһּ̱ܿ

702 װƵľ

702 װƵľ
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ƣ
𣬼ȻˣһʹҲͽˣҲˡ
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Ĳߣкܶ鶼ס
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ڷĵĲ£˼̨֮ϣߺͷ˵Źھֻǹ£ɷµѶϢ
˵ϸҲһЩ顣
类ػţʱ䲻һڤԪһ
ܾúܾǰƲ֪ʲô磬֪Ϊ˱ۣ֮ڴ֮ǰѶϢˣٴεȺˣǷֱǷģīѩƺ
񣬲ʹȻһһ֮ǰȵ˷ġ
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ΪĻʵۣ׿ȷʵһǷĺܲϲ˵ǸߣһʮĶȴƫƫѡһݰ̫ӣ
Ľ˲ݰУҲͲԶˡ
ˣȻǶڳһҪ
ڽָУվһϮ֮ҫʥĹâ
ΪߣӦò˽飬׻˵úã˱Ե֣Ͷ֮顣
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׿壬֮ɢҲҪˡ
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ʱѡڰеķĳŶһOKƣҲܶƵʲôڹâɢ֮󣬰лʲôŮӵӰһָֻԭƽ
ɽϣһ˶±ƵĿŴĻʵۣԼ𡣣
ȥһɽϿžϵݡ
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Ȼ֪ƱһǳžϻŵɳĮǰС
˵ɾ͸ɣһԾʧʡ
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ţԶĵƽ߸ֳһ͹Ӱϸȥһӡ
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ȴɳɢȥſΧԼߵЩħ֮ˡ
ȵȣħ֮ˣѲЩħ˾Ǿмؿ֮۵ħ塣
˼ˣĲɡ֣׼ƾͼơ
ôˣͲ·ô
ʲô
ħ˿ŷģȻıʲô
ʲôô뿪
뿪Цò˸Сô׷뿪
Цţ˵ţһһס˷ĵ˫֡
һ룬סķ˵ק
ݣز䣡
һϣһһµĵţķĶ¡
Ȼ˵ߴ·֮˿ħĲ䣬Ҳһջˡ
ңһ··ϣҲЩ̸֮ۼ֣Եطˡ
˵ܷܲôˡ
Ŀˣµ˵ЩħϵζţѬ߻صġ
ϺǣСѾͷ컹ͦףһϴȥ㻹ܲ׵ĳ
˵ӻһ䣬Ҳ׷Ц
֮ӻص˲䣬ȻҲУԾɱһţҺݺݵһС

703 

703 
ϴ㿴Ǵɶ⡣
ڵϵķ˦˦ͷſΧһС
ӪУΧΧʮħˣ˵߷׷ϣǿʲôȤĶһ
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վŵ˫ϵ̧ͷʮָ߰Ŀˡ
·˲ô˭֪ô硣
Ϸڷ˵£ȻЩħ˽һˡ
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ô׼ȷһЩõ
źܴĲô
ű뿪Ҫ뿪ķӻصԼ硣
ţȴ˵ĺЦ
СɣħʵԽԽǽ
ħĲںЦǴ
峤ôС
ħ߿ˣѯҪǺá
ǰ׷ƺԼΪӦǲСĳһĹˣǻ뿪Ϊá
Ȼûͳ죬˴峤ҲǲСģħţΪһĹսǲ롣
˱ҪҾβء
ȻβʱӪ˵ɫǱ
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֪βôǿȥҾβ˾βͿԺ͵֤ԼСӣԼ̳峤֮λˡ
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ĳϰ˫ǰ°׷ŮӣŮûʲôһϢ
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ħĳϵȻҲֻ֪ԾɲŷĵݣҪɳǰҲҪʱġ
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԰꣬βڽ֮УȵԲ֮ҹزŻῪʱ峤ŹȥҾβҲ١
ļеڹһͷԵĹҲԷ˽ġ
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ҵĸоߣָоߵ
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Ҫ˵ɣûϢ
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Ϊ˱Ⱥħ˲Լߵݣ䷨ϵϢ⻹鹦ڽİݡ
İݵħ޻δﵽ㾳ʱһʱÿնҪطħɱֵ׷ɱ֮䷢һϢ䷨ҲǷõ䷨
ħ岿ӪڣյڴϣſĲ֪࣬ӹýһˬȫȫһûӲ֪ߵغĹ
һ죬ôȥˣǳ֮գȵԲʮʱ䣬Ҳֻħ岿ӪʮյģҲҪⱻݡ
ۣ
ؼαħ岿峤ٳڲ֮УʱֻаŻص
ؼһ;ڵӪʱһӰͻȻ֣˫ſҪһؼεˡ
٣ǮĶûǮ·СŮҪɫ
£ǾβһĶôô
ؼߵĸ֣Ҳħ帱鳤Цŷġ
⼸ȻԷĵݻǱʣȷһ飬СѾͷĵĵöݡ
٣ٲƽɫ
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˵ţĺ¾Ҫǰһæס˫ۣһźݺݵ˰
ˣå㲻Ҫ
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һ仰϶˵ľӣ˫ԼɲһҲɫЦǰ󷭣һŹ˸ɵƯ
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ؼδ磬ɶʱȥҾβҪջص磬һǸ˸óѼ̳峤֮λ
⼸յʱ棬ҲԼЩϷ룬ʲôڶ
ڵ֪˲²ͺ֮Ůʱ򣬸˳˵ȥ

704 ҪΪ峤

704  ҪΪ峤
ǸֳĹ֡
ǣôҲͤͤó󣬸Ůӵĺӡ
;޲ھͻص彫ǸĪеĸݺݵһ١
ĵСģǵۣؼοվǰŮˣǺѵõĸֳһĨЦ⡣
֮ԽԶ֮ҹȵʱȻȥɾβ
֪ؼδˣǶã
һβЦ˳ĪģؼεҲźࡣ
ա
ĶӪɳĵĶ췢ùֻʱһȥȥ֮Ѱơ
ɻ˵ˣɳĮҲûɽΪʲôƵĵطۣ֮
һֻеȵԲ֮ҹɵ֪ࡣ
յɳĮɳĴ󣬼Ӫ֮жܲŭ
յķɳôô󣿡
عµĻ¶ɳĮķ缾ɳȻǴĺܡ
شŷĵ⡣
һʱ֮һӳѲߵΪǰ
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վӪķŵ˿ŨҵѪζһڴϻԲѵؼΣü΢΢
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˵Ķؼϣûʱġ
аؼ峤ʧѪ࣬Ҳ岢ûиõֹѪҩݣΨɳĮ֮Ĺҩķɡ
ȥɳĮ֮⣬㲻֪ʱܻ峤˵˲ϣ
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ڣ˿еһɾ֮󣬷߿ʼ˿ڡ
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ΧһԵ˴Ҵһ˷ġ
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š
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ڴߣĽšɷؼεĶͷϡ
ò˵ؼͦ˧ͭɫƤͷͺñȲԭһֲİ֮С
壬ҲӡеħҲЩͬΪĿĲͬĻύѡ
ڿʲô
ڷĴؼεʱſڴϵ˹һ˫ɫӿŷ˫۾֪ΪΣһĨ޷ݵĸо
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ȻǻڻѾϰ߽İߵķıмį
ڣֻҪ뿪صʮݣһоͿԽˣðҲȥˡ
ôװɰ׳ӣĿشԵĹ
ôôġ
ؼεȻ֪ڽ֮Уеһ磬ԼĹУΪβһĹֻΪþβǲǰʵЩ˵ȥ
ؼһֱҪҸʱһʣȴˡ
ңֻһֱŹ£֪ǵ֡
Уܸô
ɶǾ㣬㣬㾹Ȼڻɱ
ָ֣ؼβű˿ϣһŭģǵؼЦ
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ߣڻɱ֪һ㣬ˣĽջҪһЩŮǰ衣
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˵ܸԼ֣ǵ¡
˵֣һĸؼΣǲ߱˵ġ
ôģҲˣͿһݵһ±˳ǡɽҾβͱǵˡ

705 

705 
˵ŵʱĻ棬ٲΰ롣
ƾŷĵݼԲؼοκ
ôҪǱ˽εЩѧһЩҽͷݶðˡ
ĿһﶺŪĿЦãؼμ򵥵˵һǰɳĮԶžޡ
֪ΪΣӦó˯ɳĮ֮µԶž޾ȻѹȻ˶ڣɲԶž޵Ķ֣Ϊڻ˿ߣˡ
ԶžޣʲôԶžޣúÿôǾβһ˭ÿ
Ȼǹºÿ
ؼοţĹĴЦ
ӪУһûһţۿƻ裬Ŵ˶˵ġ
ɡ
Ľӹ룬׼ιؼκȡ
㴵
Щ̣Ľӷشţǵʱȴ˷ĵʳ͵Լߡ
úóԣ
һһ׵ĳ࣬Ѿȫⷹ͸ؼγԵġ
뿪˵ʲôؼʹ˸ɫЦŷĳһࡣ
ԣûˣ
УԵȡ
峤˶û˵ɶһ˵ʲôأֻʢ࣬⽫һ峤ߣûбĸˡ
ʮʰɵģһʱ᲻óԡ
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Ĵ˸ãЦһҸ
Ȼ˵ģʳﻹǺܺóԣȥҲ๫ѰһЩʳ࣬ζӦò˶١
ҹɫ䡣
ɫɳĮϣɳϿԶӰЩĹ¼š
Ҫǰȴؼֹˣʱ˾һĻǰ
ֻɳϵķ󽥽ó˾ɫβͣȻֻһɲǵʱ䣬ؼεȴĿС
β͡
ȷȷʵʵǾβͣβһʲͬеһβеβҪܵβľ硣
ûһβͶҪΪοǾβͣ˵µΪԶѾ˾ô
ؼε˻뷽ŵĻ֮ʱ໵һɤӺ˳ȫƻĸղõա
ţҵ˾βͰȺȫƽˣƽ۸ң

һ໰صɳĮ֮УΨԶЩĻŬĻŸղž˵ĻֶԷӡ
Ȼؼε˲֪һжǷĹǿġ
࣬е𾳴ﵽ˰֮ҲһкľβֻͣΪû۷ˡ
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ףɶʱģ
ĻعͷһһȺˣɫӼֲ⡣
ϲ˯еô
峤ҹ˯ųѡ
Ҳǡ
ţҲǡ
˯ţ׽ԲذǰϲϷˡ
Ц޺ѻؼΰһڴүǣСӼҼҵϷǿǶصĲںӡ
ˣȻȥ˯ˡ
Ҳˣ
컹أȥϢˣСһЩ
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һĿԶȥˣƳĹĵתҲصԼӪС
ǰŸջصУĸϽӪʵӣ˿ԼŻī
׽Բء
Բۣ
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ýī֪ЩǴ˵ģΪ˵õβװ˾βһĹضŶЦƴġ
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ڴϣĽ硣
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ЦǰİˣİŷĵĶͷ
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ƭң
ˣúúãΪ˵ǣĪҪòá
İ֪ĵƢҲֻý֪ӡ
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Ĳ⣬ǱУΪνİݽīѩƺ˱͵˰޽硣
ĪҪģѩҲУЩħ˵ˣٶвˡ
İݰοŷģи߷Ѿû˴󰭡
еĺ⣬İ֣ǰɢĳһ¡
ѵ˲Ϊô
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˫ӵŽİݣĽͷؿڽİݵĻС
ӦңһҪСģҾȳ֮ȥѰ㡣
ãΪŷ˱ǣҲҪСġ
أİʧҲ˹
иֵĳƽչϵЦݽɢ
Ҳо˷ĵǲ⣬׷óóԵҪĿġ
ôˣ
ƽ治ܹôֻҪкóԵľЦ˳ɽôˡ
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Բ֮ҹ峤˻Źǰժȡβ˾β֮ͻص磬ټ֮ʱ֪ꡣ
ԣһԭ
ûʱԲĳֻҹ쵽Բ֮ʱǰ֮ۡ
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ؼһʮ˳ɳĮȥ
ؾ벿ĵطҲǷĵطδʲôԵĵط
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߰ɣҪҡ
һ˽ۣ֮ڸɽ֮䣬һɽ壬Хķ紵졣
βΪʲôֵط
֮һصĿռ䣬֮ǰǾβһλ䣬Ѫ˴أΪ˾β
ؼ˵žβĵҲβɾβǱڼɽ֮УΪλ֮ۡ
ߵɽô
ؼָųɽ֮ߵһɽ壬Ʋ֮䣬ֵѹڿ֮С

706 ֮

706 ֮
һһβǣ򲻿̤һ
Ϊʲôɶô
ĵĿⶢžβڵɽؼԭؼοһ۷ģ˵
Ϊھβзӡһ𾳵ǿߣǱƻ˷ӡǱ
Ҳǿ֮۵ʹһ䱻ίΣʧǱᱻ𷣣ᱻ塣
ǰժβʱһҪСģĪʿκλͳǣ嶼ᱻ𡣡
Ǳʿ𣬻Ǳɱȫ塣
ŰؼεĻľ֣ŲҲͣԭء
ؼεʱദϲûħѪһֻŲΥػɳĮ֮С
ĿıΪ˾ƣƾȳıƴ԰ǧ޹
ѡ뿴ĽҪһ
զˣôˡ
ŶһЩ顣
ӣĻ³һѾһȫ֮ߡ
˳һһֱؼһ֮ߵɽ֮ϡ
紵Ƣ
ǿ־βؼεֻԶԶվڱԵ
ʼҲЩ˼ɣϾβʿǿŽӴβʱ򣬷ǵûκβʣ֮˾úܰġ
кܴһԭľβڵϾЩ֮ǰѪûɡ
һһĲ뻨Уĸһİɫꡣ
һɫĻƮĵǡ
£ĪҪǰˡ
ۿŷѾû˾β֮пӰؼεֲǰȥѲطģֻվڱԵشż
Сˣʦ֪ʦСˡ
Ʈ㣬һ뻶ϲ
Ѱ̧ͷȥֻԶɽ֮УһѪɫǳЦš
ϤӣϤһжģôǷᡣ
βΧ룬ɫ԰ףɿĵһ̣ϸֳЦ⡣
Сģʦ˼ҹǽˡ
ҪǾβţһǰȥǰһ׼ܱģȻ󱻷һˤݺݵˤڵϡ
ôᱻռǵ˻һ԰׹Ҳû֪ʲôط
һǰƵķȥ
β𾳵ǿĽ֮ħߣƫƫԷá
뵽ǰһӣΧľβɢ
βɢ֮ʣŴһȫĵġ
ʦϢһᡣ
ƵЩĿſԼˣһοʵʲô飬صһô
Ҫ֪
̧ͷŷҪ֪ô
ǻ˵ôҲѾǧ磬װĹſɹƭ֮ۡ
İһۣʾϽ˵ԭ
ðɺðɣȻһΪʦҲŽǰ㡣
һڵϣ˵磬ѰұʱħۣȻ˶ʹթʹ˾β֮С
鶼;ϼصûʲô𣬵Ĳǣôթϱ̳أôᱻˡ
ħİˣܹ
ΪʦҲһʱ⡣
ô᲻ʲôΪһ֮Լڡ
ʦǲǸý֮ǰˡ
ƣħԼ֮便ôǣļеҪ֪еϵ
ξУ֮ǰƬΣЩ϶޷һĹ¡
Ұսīƶϣתǰһ磬оôһ£Ҫ׿˵
ŷеɫҲˣӦ÷֪һеʱˡ
һеҪ뿪һ˵𣡡
һĹ£׷ݵ˼֮ǰ
ʱķףǾβһΪǿڽ綼ͷ۵һ
Ȼڽս֮УɷĵĴҡ
˵ҵңƷǵҵô
İһۣһͼӴ׵ɡ
Ǹ˷һԼ񣬾ԷֺԸ˵˵Щ¶ˡ
ΪĵӣǸڽ಻صĽ֡
Ǿ仰ʱķĲվӣʼԼԼһ˶ս֮⡣
һ죬ǾβķĿģû˽棬һΣ֮УǸˡ
ģӦ֪صĽƣħ嶼మ˫ܲĽѡ
֪ĺʱԣһһǽȴǶڤ֮С
˵ЩʲôĪǺ͹һǰҲࡣ
ȻһǴΣ֮Уһʿˡ
ԲۣǺ걨ô
Ǻ걨Ҳû֮鷢ƫƫǾݵĵҲķİݡ
ݵĵİݣ
۹Ǻãѡ˶һˣɼһԡ
ܿʲôЦš
ؽƵĴڣ֮һ޷Խĺ蹵ʱڽսңħ۵֮£ڽ˽ʩѹʱ뽪İΪ˱ݣϧ
ƵĹз˽һЩ飬˽ͳƣаʮݣԪ磬Ͼǽȵȡ
ʱƣݷѣľ档
֣ϰԵҪȥĶǰĳֻͣ˰֮С
أʦΪҪ
գƻ˷ʳ⡣
Ϊʦ飬ⱲΨһĴ¡
̾һƱ˫ۣ˵֮ǰǼ¡
ҲΪʱľȻ˾ǧ˵ȴ÷ֻ֮С
ԴˣƱػڷ۷ֻؽһ磬Ҫҡ
Ϊ˽粻ۺڽĴ߻Ϊʦʱѡ˳Ĭ
Զ޷ѵʹһֱΧУþòɢȥ
֮ǰۣ֮ڽǰİȫҲɱڽ֮䡣
֮飬ŷӦˡ
СĿɹʦʱܻȫ
ˣЩǼǰˡ
һ˿Ц⣬վĳǰϢȫ˫֡
ʦ߰ɡ

707 Ϊʲôƭ

707 Ϊʲôƭ
ۣ֮˴һ磬ǾβķڴˣѪɢڴϣΪ˾β
֮⣬ħ˵ΪһӴβᱻһεš
˽Բ֪ԭΪΣǲžβǿҵԹ
зǰ濪·Ƹ
˵Ӱؼεǰʱħһ˵ɫסˡ
Ȼûھβбӡ˭Ҳǰ˱ǱӡߣҲǵػ֮ۿؽ翴ܵǸˡ
ڡΪαӦñӡȴĳǰһ빫ºϤ
ؼüͷĿڷĺǻš
ħҲжꡣ
£̧֣ǿХħؼΰȻƵĶ֡
ʦ
׼ؼ֮ʱֹƵľٶ
ȥ֮۵ĳڵҡ
ħ֮˹ƶˣСĪҪΪԼһʱɲصĺ
ջ֣һؼεתȥ
֮۵ĸɽϣһƬβ紵ɫĻƮɢõǡ
ؼεĿʼնŷģűѵŭ
ƭҡ
˵³һҲǾ֡
Ϊȴǽƭ³򣬾̶̼ʱദؼһȻΪħˣȴ캦飬ֻƬɳĮ֮У֮ۡ
һҲħ۵ǲòء
ǰƣûصʮݡ
ǰһг޵Ŀ⣬һӣԼϵϢ
ǵ˽ۣ֮ӡڣҲὫΡ
֪ؼΪ㿴ԼҲԼƵɡ
ֻվڲͬϰˣ޹ضԴ
ֻЩʾؼδ˽פۣ֮ʱ򼴱۵ǿ֮ڱƻҲǿд뽫һ塣
ԾڴˣĲ˵ʲô׼ȥҪ뿪ķıؼһץסֱۡ
֡
ġ
˵Լ֡
ֻҵۣ֮Ҳܾʦ
ǺһĹһҲǻ롣
ؼԾץסĵֱۡ
򲻹ҡ
һǿȫĸܵؼεеɱ⣬ϵϢǱŷ
ؼһҲĶ֡
һֱϷˣңúܺô
Ȼ䣬ؼһŭص֮С
ĵѣĶĸо
ɵͷԼǸɵӣˣת
Ǻǣ
ʲô幫ʲôؼδ磬ǻԡ
Ǹͬ
Ļ˿ڵĻؼηſ֡
ǰ
ͬ
Ϊħˡ
Ϊħˣ˺ö֮ħô
лʱչˡ
ڿؼεˣ뿪ˡ
ǵӰʧУؼν˫ȭ
վһԵİǺŭ⵫ǻҡ
峤ô죡
֪˷ӡһ֧Ĳᱻɱ
ǽۣ֮ƻ֮۵ڡ
Ҫô
ˣǴӴԺԼȫȫˡ
ѵͲĺǸô
ĵƾǵΪǷĶ˵Ķ֡
֮۵ڴ˫ָŷġ
ô
ҲûУֻеСᡣ
֪ľʲôҪ⡣
ʦ֪ô޽ô๫ͽīѩƺ͵˰޽硣
ҵˣһҪȥ޽Ѱ๫ˡ
ģİǱȻƽµĻصʮݡ
Ϊʲô
Ĳ⣬޽ΣյĴڣΪʲôƸ϶๫ǻص޽硣
ͬһʱ䱻͵ģǻȥʱ򣬽İҲԶٻأķıǡ
仰ĵ԰һЩ
ǣҪô뿪硣
ΪǵĪֵ⣬˱͵˽ڣҪôȥ
ץסΪʦΪʦа취ȥ
ɶ
ȷ˵껰һɫĹâ𣬾ǽ֮ʱǵâһ
һѣεĸоϮɫâɢ֮ʱķԼصĶѨڡ
ˣ๫īѩƺаѩһҲǰ
๫
İݣһܱ˵С
һԵĽİݺѩƺҲһ㶣˿˴ֿ˿ơ
ϱ̳ôҲǻþɡ
һжڽī˵̫ڹ죬ħɱǰһĻһĻþϵĽ棬žҵĶΧǽİݵΪ˶ҪСӦԡ
ɾʤһ̣һ˫ֽǴӰ޽뿪һ㣬˫֮
ǰзĻơ
þô
ϱ̳سɽĶѨУһǻþ
īΪǰֵһǻþҪȻôգ۱֮Ϳء
ͽݼʦ
ѩƺȻعǰһвǻþʵڵġ
˫ֱȭѩƺʦ
ˣϱ̳ؾǸþ㻹˰
ʦ֮۽ʦ˳
ڽİݻеķĸ֪īĲǻþٰơ
ֱһ̣ĳ˻ǲţƵ
ָͦһ¶һǷıҲѧĺŶ򣡡
͵أīһȭƴ˹ȥҲ㡣
ڽīȭͷ֮ʱƿеһ仰ɹʹĳ˵ȭͷͣڰС
ողϾ֮ʱǵñʹһĻô
ԲۣƣҲǷˣ
īһ⻰֪ǰǼٵģæת˻⡣
ɶʱģΪɶҲص
һ˵Ȼȥ˵ɡ
ʲô磬˵ľ㹻˵һһҹˣҽʱҲ֪ʲô
صƴʱŵæ˹ѯŷĵ뿪һϵʱ䶼ȥΪʲôء
Ҳˣеʱʱ䲻ͬڽһ࣬粻һϵʱ䡣
ڽİݵĻУ˵ʱ飬ѯŽİڰ޽ʲôΣա
ûкͽİһͬ밢޽磬ҲɿϴСС˿ڣɼ޽ն
ްãΪҲƽĪҪٵıǡ
ڰ޽ʱ䣬һ޿ν޷գÿһҪСߺ롣
İֻͷ赭д˵һƽеĿѶ⡣
ϾзڵĵطǵҲá

708 ˣ

708  ˣ
ĳɹĽƴӾβо˳Ȼ˻ǲ֪ΪʲôᱻУҷ뽪İݵ˻Ƿֱ䵽˲ͬĿռ䡣
ЩǺ󻰡
ڽھһµʱ䣬ǹһ϶ѡ
峿ŴأǵƮɢڿС
ƴڣһ糿վرѹ֡
ѹֵԴƺͽİݶˡ
Ƿĵʦǰʼǡ
İǷĵķ꿪ʼˡ
ӵļ䣬ǽİѾǸ˽ľףڵֻǷĵķ˶ѡ
˵
뱾ķԶһЩжԶԶ
İƲ죬ϾշΪͽʱڤ֮С
Ͼ֮ʱйһ֮ԵʱĽİݸˣֻзһˡ
ڣƽԼΪСĵʱ򣬽İݲƵĶˡ
Сĵʦ׻˵ʦصȻСĵˣҲӦýбһǡ
ۣ
һԿϷĽīѩƺԼѩСһһˮȫ˳
ͰôϬﶼ˵óһ˵˵Ȼ
ýİݽô

ħ޵ţڵʵǱĶ֡
֮⣬ϽеҪȻͱʲôˡ
ߣ֪ô
£ӰԱٶȽսһٶ֮죬˸˭˭ֻܿһӰڻȥ
үе£
īһڲˮŽԼθ֢״ǿеѹȥ
֮£ǻˣ˻򣬶Ǳ˵ĻȥӰתˣҲΪ˵ѹ
ͬΪǿߵʵޱıŷţֳɶĶѹҲܲġ
İݺƲһ󲻾ãһӽӵķĳˡ
ڸʲô
һŭԭŨĶ˲ջ֣ڱ˴ԭλϡ
ѽСôͻˣΪʦддУû㡣
ְɣΪš
İߣһӸոõĽӶԼС
ľɵҲܿóʲôܣһ糿Ѿ˻ˣҪʱʱ̵̿Ķţ˴Դˡ
𾳵ߣôԲеܺһʲô
ˣ˶ˣΪûдܡ
Сİ۸Ϊʦ
ƶȸ״ŽİݵУͼӴ׵İţ޲ȫ綼֪İݴˡ
ϣ
Ϊķ̫ƲСǣ˿ڣԭϵ˿ѿѪɫؽ͸
ߣжĥ
İۿƣǷڳĻһ֮ء

Ĵӽİж˻һ̽ӣһ˫ɫӿˣԹϵīѩƺСѩ
˭ҲԷ
Ϊɶûʲô飬ΪɶүҲܳԷ
ģʱİݺʦ˵Ϊֹ˵ġ
Ǿǣˣʲôûܵİ
īѩƺԼѩĺԩʲôûΪʲôҲҪŶܷ
ɷѶһ̽ӷһߣһԽİΪ׵СŶ뻮һվǽųһӡ
๫ʦ֪ô
֪ˣΪ֤д·Ȼ˲С˹
ΪʦҲ֪ˣӦСִߵ͡
Բۣǲϴػǳأܱܲ޹İգǶˡ
īŪİݺ̳أΪǶûóԡ
ۿϷŵĽѾǿɺþûгϷĽˡ
òԣ
Сʱʱ䣬İݺƵϴ̬ȶ֮󣬷»ص˳ʼ½ӡ
˽ӡ
ˣ
һһ̡ԣһһĽӶÿһӶɢյ˿ˮֱ
԰ɡ
ʱ˶񾭣ҲҵˣҲûʲô˼ˣٷ֮뿪ƴްʱ·߻ص
úóԣǰһ裬ñүСıүŪ㣡
ĽӺòãҪٸ͵һӣŪ㣡
սīѩƺͰѩԷļһ¶ֱ裬վĶסˡ
˵ƴʮָУһƴ޹ȻǺǧԷĲ;߶ǲһǳʶˡ
ŽīСһԸҪܣֻۣôʶô군⡣
ûθô
İݼһӷ˷УĽӣ͵ߡ
Ȼ˵ûʲôθڣССĳһڰɡ
ƤڴĽ֮ʱȴ΢΢һü
İҲ˷ĵ쳣ŨŨĹС
ôˣ
ûʲôǡŻ
һ仰˵꣬æеĿܵ⣬Ժһ
Ż
ˡ
İæߣеĵ֮Ũ
糿ʱͲӵ
ֻһֱ£ûоشİݵ⣬ֱθʳȫ¹ˣд
ʱӷ߳ĽīԾɶŽӳǽһ㡣
ģ㲻ڽ¶˰ɣ
ī٩ţɿŷĵɫĲµĴ
Ҫǻˣ
仰Ҳǽī׼٩ģֻĻ֣Լϡ

һһӵīһѩƺ
㿴һı飬ΪԼ
ҡˡ
ۣ
Ƚī˵껰һ仰˶ԭء
վڷߵĽİ˫ۣߵӡ
ˣղ˵ʲô
˵һˣѾһµʱˣҪˣ
ĵĻһһĻصڽİݵĶߣصÿһ˵Ķߡ
ʱĿù죬ҲС
ˣ
ֱԼĶ䣬İݿŷģֽڷĵĸϣػز֪ٴΡ
ڣֻһɫӰıЦš
ΪҪˣΪҪˣ
ڻеÿһ͸ŽİݳΪ˸˷ܣһԱֻܱ֮еϲá
վſͬסĽīѩƺҲˡ
ô˵үҪˣ
Ҫɵˣ
Ҫ⹫ˣ
ɶ
īѩƺƺСһѩͬΪĺͽİ˸ˡ
ͻϲѶʹƴױȵĻϢ
һµУæ˼ˡ
ȻһȺүǣһŮӶҪС

709 ²

709  ²
Դ֪Ļ֮Ϊ׼ĽİϵЦݼûжϹ﷢ë
ϸ磬֪ҪˣɱôЦôҲϰߡ
ƽ潪İݶһǷǮı飬һЦݣ˾ñɭɭķ䡣
ĵҲӶڷĺͽİ˵ǶôҪ飬ԴӶǰ˼µһᣬʹö˷ֱ꣬һĻĻҲǧվǰ
˰ĽᾧȻ⽪İݵ飬ǻǲϰϹŵı顣
ˣǱүմɽץɽ˵ʲôޡ
һ糿īͺѩƺ԰ѩǰɽɭץҰζĲ塣
һ޵ʱһ鼸˵һ㡣
Ļ˵ޣĪ˵ˣʮҲаֻɫԽԽ޳Խߡ
Ȼץԣ
ȻǵձȲ㣬ϸԸҪõʳĸ㲹壬ҪȻҪһ˵˵𡣡
īʢһʣµһѩƺѩһһ޷ʳĸɸɾ
ʦأ
ȻԲȥ
֪ǲãԴ֪Լ֮󣬾Ǻһˮµ߻صģ˵һ̸ˡ
ϱ̳ȥμʮˣӦС
ī˵Ƶȥ˵ҰҰ죬ָԼʢһ
˵޵һ⻹ǲܱȣˮپͼ˵ΰͺ͵ζϾôóԡ
˷÷֮⣬֮ԵΪζһٷˣȻûʲôɽ亣ζȫϯ֮ˣζȷʵ
ī⻰ˣҪ޳ˡ
ȫȫʮݽֻаֻ˵֮󻹺һʳıȣǱǸ衣
ԣʱ뿪
ҲҵˣҲӦ뿪ʱˣʮݵҲٽβɺһصƴޣ;ƴ޵ʱסϼ죬Ȼ͸ظҸҸ衣
ˣΪࡣ
ӳĽİһ࣬嵭ݣûʲôʳģһСˣ˵Ϊƽ͡
Ҳ˹ˣʰζĳԲȥֻҪմȾһͻµû켣ڵأƫƫԽİȴûκβʵĸо
๫óԡ
Իкܶ࣬ʲôʱʲôʱΪ˵
İǳͰ⣬ϾڿʼҪչ˵Ĳֻһˣδĺӡ
ʱضķĺͽİݣīš
ģ֪֪˶һ˶ٸˣҪʱ򻹴˵Ǯǹⲻˣ˵ǧץΣȲࡣ
Ŀŷģīץסȿװӡ
˺ˣ֪࣬ʱһٺóԵģǵĶɺá
ððҪԺ⡣
ī˵껨⵽˽İеһâ͡
˻ҪʲôΪȥϻʲôõʳġ
ˡ
룬ҡҡͷʾԼѾԱˣʲôԲˡ
ûӴĻվһ˰ɡ
ԣһˣ˵Ҫؽô
ī˵Ŀĵػǽˮ򣬹յСӡ
ȻȻȥ޼ɽô
˵ʮ֮Ҫʲô֮ʱƻˡ
ϲһ㺮˪ĵЩ棬ʲô龹ȻôƤ
ʲô
Ʒʲô˼Ƭ̣ŷĵ˵ǰʱ˭һ
Сģաȥɽ֮ʱһ𡣡
һ𣿻½
˵ŵյĳǼ֮⻹½ʲôô
½
üͷ³һƺѾ˴𰸡
ڴʱһһҵıըÿһ֮С
ըĳϵɢڱըһ˲䣬İݵſ罫ĻУûбըˡ
Բۣզˣô
ըýī䶼졣
ѰԴķȥֻԶɭһɫĹâֱʣˣǺԼٶɢţۿžҪƴС
ߣ
׷ʲô飬ںƴ֮ǰ뿪˴˵ء
ʲô顣
ôˣⶼʲô
ڰеʮݾǿǵǲ⣬ʱڱɣմȾĵط˿ήһƬ֮ء
ԭдеɭֽðỤ̋Ҳѿ
ʱˣ󲿷ֵĵط˼ɾ˼
ʲô
оʣûһܻشǵ⡣
ںɢ֮ʣһɫĹӵͻȻð˳ǿֲ쳣ǿڳÿһ˶оõѹ
ǡܣѾʧʮʱ䣬ôᡭôܣ
ݾǰһУ˵Ŀ飬Ҳнһ
ȻԪ£˷ĵ֮⣬ڳ˵Ŀ͸ſ־֮⡣
֮֮ǰͱӡô
ԭˣűըĺǷӡ֮
ܣڷ֮ǰܱκζơ
ˣν͡
ʲô֮ӡʲô
ļ˱ʾһ±ƣȫЩ˵ʲôҲȺеĿ־֮ΪΣ۵Ҳˡ
Ҫ׷ݵǰ֮ǰйء
ƿŷĺͽİݣҲʲôˣֱ˵֮ǰ顣
֮ǰĻŮۣİҲǾݵľ
ʱʮݣԪ磬ϾССضΪݡ
ǧĹ£Ϊβķĺľİమˣƣڽķԣټħ۵Ĵʹö˵֮·ۡ
Уһжʲô
֪ΪŮ۵Ϊλ䣬ӡ˼ı֮ء
ĹУЩ඼Ǻ˶׫˵أֻо˵ʱ֮²һС
֪ǶǺü֮ǰˡ
Ϊħۡ
ħ۶Էĵİ̫ڻΣΪ˳ΪڽףΪ˽ռΪУ֪Ӻδõǿڰ
ֺڰܹһУܹﶼ븹УÿһطֱеȫʧŻɢߣһֱǡ

710 ·

710 ·
ǰһսУ˽Ƶ֮Կڽ磬Ψз뽪İݲս
ħ֮˼䡣
ʱĽİѾսɳ˵ķΪػİҪػ˽磬һ˿˽ס֮ҽѹ˼֮С
ҲΪˣʱһλĿһĻ֮ӹ˷ӡ֮С
񣬷ӡƻѣ֮ؽգʮݽٱɵ³
Ҳ˵ǸڵĶ᲻ϵֱʮݶɵĸɸɾ
ԣֱûκĴڣ֮زŻʧ
ˣӡԼʧȻƻ˭ƻķӡ
ɵãƵĿ½ϣƺڿԼ½ЦǵЦºͣȴҲɭ
ûʲôֹô
īȻǸо֮ǿǵǺڰɢʱΧһжĺɫ
ˣȻʲôܷӡٰ֮һͺˡ
·ӡһ¡
˵ףʱΪоβŷӡ֮ѾǵŮۣҲ֪ȥ˺δ
Ҳ˵˭ֹʮб֮ô
īһţûлش⣬еĬϡ
˵Ŀ⿴֮һɫ֮ۿɼٶɢš
ǲڴȥˣΪıըĽҲʧĵȻģʮݾ뿪뿪֮ǰһξۼһһεĹĶҶһ飬ΪʮԵǹͬ⡣
Ҫҵֹ֮ӣȥѰλɻΣҪֹ֮ɢʮݽޣʧʷ֮С
⣬
һλص򣬿ջƹд˷ĵˡ
λǴĶˣϷСȥӡ
ƹ񲢲֪һɫĹʲô˼ԸСȥдĵˡ
ûķˣ
ûС
ҡҡͷҵ˵ӡ֮Ҳ޼£Ͼûоβ޷ٴηӡ֮
Ǹ⣬ħ֮⣬˭ͷ֮
½
˫ۣϸĻŵԼ򶷵Ǹӡ
ǣԭˣ
ɶ¶ʲôˣ
īǾԭʲô˼
Ʋδ֪½ʵݣҪı÷ĻصϾһؽֹ֮£½ŲԷĵ˶֡
ҪˣǻϾ
ɶΪɶ
Ȼ˵ǳҪصϾģҲôɣƵıƺܽ
īʵǸ㲻ôżʲôǱǿק뿪˿ջ
޴ķ֮ϣƽ䱸ĿܣԼٶȳƴ޷С
Щȥ͸͸Ҳֹˡ
Ҫ쵽Ͼܵһ̵ʱ䡣
ʦΪ˽
Ҳδ˼ƣӡ֮УƶһɢƤӣǱ˾βУԾԼ֡
Ϊʦǵ͹
˭
˭
½
˵½ֵʱ˸ǲԡ
ͬΪʮݵľƺ½֮Ħŵƺź֮С
ǿ֪Ϊ½ɽ֮Уһ硣
Ϊɶ
īԼʮΪʲôˣΪɶǸΪɶͲһĴ𰸶˵ôһһһһ䣬ԵԼܰ׳յġ
ΪֻСĲ޾֮۵ľβΪʦû½Ҳ֮ժȡ˾βŻƻ˷ӡ֮
Ҫ֪βǾβѪûɣ廹ħ壬βŽƵá
Ȼ֪½ôõβģƳӡһ
½ΪʲôҪô֮ͷˣʲôô
ûǴĻ½ʮݵľ֮һӡƻֵܣʮݽᱻ֮ɣʱϽĹҶᱻƻôܵõʲô
Ϊħۡ
ֱһ̣Ʋȫȫ뵽һĻĻ顣
ӷĳ翪ʼ½һֱı֡
½֪ȥ֮Ѱģ㽫֮ڣȵʱ򣬵ȡβƻӡ
⣬һ
ߣơ
ĵϾĻܵƵıΪħ۵½ܶЩʲôֻнʮݣŲܵƵĽ
Ǻǣۣû뵽Ǳˡ
ȵȣ˵½ħۡ
ûеİɣҲһ˲ŵ˹İ࣬ôôǻ˼ħͷ
˵һ˵һ½˵ĳǸɾ˺ˡ
Ϊ˴ﵽԼĿһһļƻô飬жôĴ
ֻлصϾŻᰲȫ
ȻֻʱİȫĻУ򲻿ʮ֮ͣ
һֱվȥǧֻҪԾ֮ܿһɫܲϵɢš
Ҳ취ʮݱضᱻɡ
һжǷҪ⣬˵ֻһ⣬Ǳ赲ǰħ
Ϻǣþòˡ
ϤϤǷ
ͲرȺŷĵˡ
֪ǻϾɱǡ
ϱϱϱ
߲̫ӣҷ硣
ҷһѩϱϱĽиͣΪмƵħͷȥˡ
жԶԶϱ
ѩľܾҷڣҷı൱䡣
ϱ㲻Ҫô

ǱߣҷͰѩڽѺõĽ̸ߣǰѪɫӿŵǰĳƺ̫ӡ
ôΪƾ赲ǵĵ·ô
£ǿѹӽİݽīѩƺϱħǶ࣬Ǽ˵Ϊڷָ֮佫
ɳƵбֲɵ涼𾳵ǿߣ̫˸Ǽ˵Ķ֣ټôһڣǲܵ顣
ȻܣɣȻˣз
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһֻƵħгһ󷨡
ιΪһ㲥پסǣ
īŰۣڼһħҲǵĶ֡
һӣǿ֮£ħľӱˣûɻҽɢ
֪Ȥľÿ
Ǻǣ
Ȼƺ̫Ӳ뿪ħҲڶ˵±任˸ָ뷨

711 ֮ɭ

711 ֮ɭ
ʱһɫ˲䣬ʧȥɫʣǰֻһ޼ʵĺɫ
ˣץҡ
š
ĽץŽİݲ֣ڻУʱƣԼڽ
ѩƺĻ˵һ˵ڻе׶Ϊ̥ɢֱһͨˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôͣʣº֮󣬱𽥻ָ
İݣƣīѩƺͰѩĻģܵκε˺
޾Ĵžɽ֮УֻҪ̤ŵһߣħĵҲκβǡ
һƬڰУһ˳ɽǰУʱһ˳ںڰڣڷ׵ǰ
ģˡ
ǰĲǱˣħ½
վڼǰ½ǿϢ˱ѹ֡
ߣ
½ǰ֮ʣһǰֹ½Ϊӡ
ֻҪĻصϾʱǡ
ҪصϾɲͬ⡣
½һϮɫѾȫȫжŵģһ˫ͬעŷĵһһ
Ѿǧ࣬÷Ļص磬ô뿪ء
İݣһ뱾ձڡ
½һǰƣһѺɫħûİݣͬΪħ޵Ľİݻ˵һǿײĸ˶ߡ
֮ǰ㲻᱾Ķ֣֮㾹Ȼ౰΢뱾𿹺⣬Ц
˵䣬ٴǰһȻҪýİ֮ء
һҵ죬Ϊ˱ģİӲĿ½һ
๫
ˣΪް
ŷĵģеѪζȴ쳣Ũҡ
òħ۵ǿ󣬿ɼˣҲҪ÷˰ȫĽ֮š
īѩƺ
ˣʲôħħģүɲܱôˡ
ˣ
īѩƺ׷˵뷨ͽİһ
ĻУҲΪΪǰοǲ÷ܵκ˺ġ
ƣ˵Ŀĺܼ򵥣ҲҪ֮С
һһǿڷߣĻûǵ÷Ӧʲô飬㿴İһƣеɽڡ
๫Ҫʲôīѩƺʦ
ѩŷˣˣΪΪȥ㣡
๫
ڽеķĲϵȥۿŽİݵ˽ʧУҲڴʱȫȫĴԽ֮š
֪ΪΣڴ֮ŵһ˲䣬ǰһ׹է֣ǰһڻ˹ȥ
֮Źرյһ̣ſ˷ĵϵİѩͬܵĪػһԵһʶȥ
⣬ء
ϵػصڶߡ
۵ϣı̧ܵڵŴ۵⡣
˫۵һ̣ڴϵķ͵ܡ
⡭
ΧһƬ֣ë׵ĴϣߵİѩŶӺ˯ߣǲǻҰ죬гʲôζĴ͡
ǵԼİԽ绤ţ֮š
ǡϾô
Ͼʱϳ֮ء
ﲻϾǾ֮ɭ
ʱһŮһѹ˹ӷ˴ߡ
ĿǰŮһβ󲻶ϵĻţĶŮһŶ
Ǹо˷еʣŮβػصҡš
࣬ô֮ɭģںӱ߷㣬ҪǱȺһк³ġ

¿ſɰŮҵ˼·
԰Ǿ֮ɭҵȻˣһֱɰĳ
˵ţŮĶ䶶˼¡
࣬㻹ûشҵ⣬Ѿ˺üǧ꣬ôģ
Ůŷôھ֮ɭģĴŮĶԻе֪Լĵط
磿
Ѳ֮Ŵʹ󣬽͵磿
ӣӣŵ˹ӵζ
˯еİѩ͵׵Ľһ˫ۣݵһ˷Сצӡ
Сʲô˱£ӸС
ۣʲôôһûмôɰ󾫵ġ
ſɰѩŅ̀߰ͷ
ûʶС㣬֮ħ죬Ųеء
ˣקˣǡ
Ŀܣ͵磬Ҳ֪๫ôˡ
ĵĵǣѩŷĵ顣
İɣ˺ʦʵټϽīĲҪһġ
ϣˡ
˵Ҳֻһһˡ
֪ΪΣķԼΪȫȫʧˣںһѰûʲô
ӱˣСǾԲ˺˰ֵġ
֮ħٴˣЩûԶ۸ôЦ
˵ˣ˿ǧҪúñˣɲ뱻˸ȡ
һյʱ䣬Ҳ˽⵽϶ˣҲǾ֮ɭС
ŮֽС裬ԭиΪǽˣڼʣһˡ
ǰȥӱ׽ʱ˻赹ںӰߵķĺͰѩ㽫һһ޾˻
һ飬һҪס֮ɭпɲкһº͵ľ֣Щ͵ɵƢر𲻺á
СǧǸ࣬Ȼ⴦ϢɱϾС壬ЩȺ֮ʱһҪܾܣҪȻ³ǳǳĲҡ
ãһס
ЦţСˮӺһһһ޽ɭвɼҩݡ
ƶȲƶûʲô̫ҲԼϽȵȣҲҪճ衣
סСңСļҾԣһʱ޷뿪磬ֻܵ๫ĵ
ʱ棬Ҫľǰĵ̥СһЩҩݣżΧСǿǮá
ô˵ƶһЩ
Ψһĵıǽİݵ˵İȫţ๫ʦһƽµġ
һգСȥɼҩݣڼɹҩݡ
ʱԶС׵ߵߵ˹ԴǴ󺹡
˲ãС¶ˣĽȥ
Сôˣ
Ĵϰѩһһ޸С˾֮ɭɭУһƬյϣС豻һȺ׺ݵΧм䡣
˵ɣҪôǮЩҩݿǸ缸µģ㶼ˣҪôǮҪôͼ޸Ҵϱ
ǡǺ˵ЩҩݶȻģôµġ
СȻɵӣôῴȺ˹Ҳ硣

712 ɽ

712 ɽ
˵µľµģô˲ɡ
һǰصצץС衣
ССһൽ˰֮С
ѡҪôǮҪôͼ޸Ҵϱ
˭˶֪ǰǾ֮ɭĶԣץȡŮ³ûһܻš
ħץС裬ɼжôĲҰ
ѩ
֪ˡ
ʱһɫĹâѩٶȴ֮䣬Сצһӣ㽫һͨһ˵ϡ
磬ôˡ
عһҲ緽ŵһͨͨӦأһʬ塣
֮ɭļôѪȵĳ棬һŵɢֻʣֵС裬Լһķģʮֵİѩ
ͼС˶ӻء
ѩţ⼸򣬲ԳΪĶ֡
С裬û¶ɡ
ġ㣡
عСһ˷ĵĻУ໴
˺ˣˣԣ
Ľ㣬Сú£
ڷĻп޵һһСʮϧḧŮĳһŻеŮ
֪˶ãصеСֹס˿ݵĿŰѩ
Ľ㣬Сѩ̫ˡ
ǣӿ֮ħ죬ħ˵ûͳǧ޺绽Ĵڡ
ѩﴵСģѩһ
ֹһգһȺ˳СļУ˵Ҫѯһµʱ֮ɭз
ȻǼӦãĳ𣬿ɱϾ峤ֶӣԻҪʵվô
֮ɭԼɷĴͬС졣
Ҳ֪ǼӦǵʲôˡ
С貢ûнѩȥ֮˸ѡ
Ҳûж룬ƾСΪǼĶ֣Ὣһˡ
ˣһ飬վǾ֮ɭļˣ峤ҪЩкõɽõľˮ
֪磬½Ҿͺˡ
֮ɭÿһ궼м죬Ӿ֮ɭ˳ԣÿʱ򣬸ĳǶ¶Ա˴˵ĳɼۼɭ֮ом
СһǸõɽƣǰδ޵Ľڼ֮ʱƣˣͷϡ
λ˭
ŲԶȲķģǰû
һԶݣ¶˱סһʱ䡣
ŶɽƣպҪȡ
˹ɽƵ飬תȥ
Ҫʼæˣ
ÿʱæ۵Ľ׶ΣȻΪʮҵ飬ɽֻ֮һ鷳ġ
ĽҪҪһɽƣζĺܺúȡ
ԴǼ鷢֮С㽫ĵ׽һԴʲôóԵĺúȵĶҪó÷һԡ
ɽƿǾ֮ɭúȵľˮȻҪĳһˡ
Ҳơ
Ϊʲô
С費ΪʲôܺȾƣɽĺܺúȵġ
ΪҶС
С
Сɴ˫ۿŷģֽڷĵĸϡ
ôСô
ŵǰСظŷĵĸһʡ
ΪʲôҽСӾôĽĶôС
Ҹе̥СȵʱնˣҲ¡ġ
СƶǶĵͷɲôȻ֪ĽСˣԺĻһ
գСȥɽҪɽݡ
ɽݳͱϣҪɼɽݻЩѶȵģҲСߣΣա
Ľ㣬㿴ɽЩĲݾɽˡ
Сָɽ¶ɢŹĲݣȻɽݣ֮£ɽݵҶӾˮһŹâ
ɽݵһ̣ĺͰѩ׷׵˫ۡ
ˣɻꡭݣ
ѩԼ˷֮⣬ΪС˵ɽݾһ˰Ӳݣû뵽ȻǴ˵еɻݡ
Բۣ綼ôôɻݰɽͱڵɻݰ
Ľôˣ
ǸʲôЩ֮ɽô
һСȷţСǵ˵ͷ
ѽЩɽݣȻֻǾ֮ɭУ˵ûɶôҲƶѡ
ͨһѩǱһһƨڵϡ
ĴǶôǮô
ûɶôҲƶѡ
Ҫ֪ɻݺ;βͬһϴڵĶ
磬һɻݵļ۸ܻüʮǳأ⻹ûʲô鱦ȵȵȣٺһĻһ´ࡣ
Ҫ֪ɻݶǿߵЧжôǿ
ٸ򵥵ӰɣԭΪʮңһɻݣɽʮף⻹Ľȼȥ˵
ǽİݺּĴڣɻݵĻ𾳾ҪԲˡ
˵ɻȻǸöԷڵǸʹõġ
ʱķĺûɶ𣬼ɻݣֻ
ҪôǳܲסɻݵҪôӡ
Ľңȥɽݡ
ѩС衣
ĵСˣϾɽڶͱϣʲôһĻҲüʱȡ
˭ѩǰһʱСצȴӲͣʲô赲ǰһ㡣
ˣǰн磬ҹȥ
ѩһ֧Ž磬һʾǰĽΪ
磿
֣ǰʲôûС
Ľģɽһ·ȻһЩһעġ
С貢ûб絲סȥ·֮˳ɽʯݽʧڷǰ
嶼ûЧã֮ԱŸЧ
ǸʲôСöӶժɽ¡
ѩ˷ܵغţСժһЩɽݡ
ǺöһžһЩΪڳԲ˵ľʹ
峿ʱ֣Сڲժһɽݻˡ
Сһ˷ܵĿű¨ɽݣһҽȥԸ
ÿ࣡
һȥ춼ǿɬζɼˣӲźݺݵҧ˼ڣ͵ζļˡ
ֱҲԲɽݣѩŴӿ̽ͷ
ˣȳȥ
ȥɣԼСһЩ
֪ѩҪȥҸ徻ĵطҲûʲô飬СһΪҲһ¡
صСԺѾϵˣĿСɽƣüͷ
ɽƣ᲻Ὣɽеľȥ
ɽƵĲʮ֣˵ɽеľһҲûõΪõһ֡
Ǽÿ궼ôɽƵġ
ǹ˵Щô
С˵ɽ֭Һʲôط

713 β

713 β
˵ɽ֭Һôÿ궼˺ɽС
С˵ԼÿɽƵʱɽݵ֭Һ˺ɽɽУΪʲôҪôأ
Ľ㣬ɽݵ֭ҺܿģЩʲô
ûʲôֻǺһ¶ѣԼƾƣҳȥ
뿪СԺСԺĺɽʮ׵ľ룬һȥСɽɽ˳ɽУųǰһһӲеСӣЦ
㲻һ֮еջɽݵ֭ҺڲܱЩӲգӶӣɢڲݶ֮У縴һ긴һꡣ
СĽЩɽݵľӶռССһٶš
ȻڵΪѾɢĲ࣬ȴܸоЩ̺ǿ
ҹڴϣѩûлɫϣأһϮ˯˹ȥ
УһƬɫĻУ޴Ļ֮£ĿŽİݵ֡
Դ֮ѾжʱûгնȻΪɽӵĹϵһλص˰ɫС
๫๫ʲôط
紵ɢƮ֮䣬ǷĲϵظŽİݵ֣Ҳеڶ˳֡
ڷ׼ʱ򣬴⣬һɫϢֵϮϤ¶Ϥĸоǽİݻ˭
๫
Ŀİݵʱ򣬽İҲͬ˷ġ
ˣ
İݽŷģ˭Ҳ˭˵ֻܿŶ˴˵ͶţŶԷ֡
ˣʲôط
īŷʲôطѾصϾϾȴûзĵӰӡ
Ȼİ˵ʲôȴеĵǡ
๫磬磡
֪ǲΪΪɢĹϵոճֵĽİתۼõۿžҪʧ
ڷڵдһ֣һµʱǰʲôİݵӰӡ
ʧ֣ŽİʧͬʱҲġ
๫ƽ±ã๫һ
һġ
ʱ䣬С趼ԺɽƣѩδҲС߰һЩܼ顣
ۿž֮ļ֮ѾˣȡƣʾСȥ̳æ
Ϊ֮ɭˣСȻǺȥ̳æֻǷŷһڼġ
Ľһȥɣ֮ɭļֵģһԱãʲô
Ҳ֪СڵԼһڼʲô⡣
ҲգеģСȥ֮ɭ۽硣
˸֮뿪СԺʱ֮˾ٰ֮صļ̳
ʱ磬͸ּҶɢ˵ϣھ֮ɭʱ䲢ûп̫һɽҰǸָ
Ӿ꾫ˣ˸ȵȵȵȣ֮۽簡
ĽԶȥæ
ã
ٰĵطھ֮ɭļ̳Уһӿ߼ʣϰڷŸָʳ
ɫˮӦоУҧһڣ֭Һ˳źθָоôˡ
Ҳ֣ڻгڣӦﷴӦΪǿҵһ׶ΣԴ֮󣬲ûκβʵ֢״˯ԣر˯
ƽϢĸʱɣԴӻ֮һ첻˯ʱ۾
˵һǷһط˯һ

ỨϵķӿţֻܿڴԱ߱˫˯˹ȥлаδĹӡ
һ֪˯˶ãֵ߳ȫֹ˷ߣĴﵽǲ֪緢˺ʱ
үԵǾ֮ɭҡ
֮ɭĳǿźү֣ϵıжôģһϥհǰźš
һһˡ
үҪ˭ֻҪһǾ֮ɭүһ֮ڰүҪҵ˸
ĳЦ۾ҪǾβүϹϵ֮岿˵ˡ
˵⻰үԶһĨӰ
°׷ŮӰĿԱ˯ţ˵Ŀǰעŷĵӡ
ŮǴӺδ
׿ĵһ̣һ˫ɫ˷֮⣬ǲԼ۾
ǾβѰôõʱ䣬û뵽ھ֮ɭ
˭Ůô˭ʶŮô
峤ϴţʱ˯ķıˡ
Ҫ֪˯˻˵Ǳ˴ŵĻѹɲһĵ¡
ֻ°׷ķվ˻عűһźݺݵ峤ϵԴϡ
ûϢء
˯ߵķлŭ峤ϱһӣǰӰ˫ġ
СȻ͵Ϯϣ˰ϴȥѺΡ
飬顣
ǰ׼ĿѺʱ˶С˽ͨһ˳ǰΪ롣
ϿĽ㻳вȥֵط
Σ˱ϾҪۣǼѹȥ
ƾ㣿
һĨЦڴǣĿ峤ϵԽĺ
ȻڵΪɢĵȻ޴棬ɲͻɱ۸
׼ֵһ̣һǿ峤ɣֻ˸峤ϻû׹ô£ͷһ˹ȥ
ֵվڷǰһºĿӡ
Ӻɫڿŷĵʱ򣬳ڵЦ⡣
Ƿģ
ô
һ˫ɫӿǰİӣûĻӦҲǸ
Ϣŭ㲢ûж⣬ع
ɶ
ǻû˯ѵԵʣû̫˵ʲô˼
ʲôع
ǷûףһԵСҲǲ⡣
ǰľβǺүֻΪɶĽףһ˵һ
Ǻˣ
΢΢ÿͷǰˡ
Ȼ֪ԷΪֱ߷Ϊ͡
βүף˴רӷ˻ع
ˣң
Ĳòȷһз׵к꾫еķԼ
˵Ǵûм˵Ҫعò˽䱸
ԣ㣬ġ
˷ĲԼʱ򲢲ʺ˵̫Ļ
Ȼ˻УȻΪ˴һУ롣
֪ʱֵ·һµڷǰ
ڴʱһӰѸٳ֣Сצ˵ű㳯ŷ׺ץ˹ȥڷļʱҪȻڰѩצ¡

714 Ҫɶ

714 Ҫɶ
һδɱѩվڷĵļϣһ˫ɫӽĿǰĺ
ССȻ˺ӵˡ
ħ죿
׿վڷļϵСë֮ʣɵһ㶡
û뵽¾Ȼдħţһǳɳ۷Ĵħ졣
ô֪Ǵħ컹Ҳ
˵ţѩҪһγȥŪףȴץסβ͡
ͣһᡣ
ˣ
˶ӵڰУѩĿŷģ˿һɫԻˣҪﵽԼĿġ
Է˲ûж⣬ֻӷ˻ع
ǷײǴħĶֻ֣ڲ˶һˣҪĻصʹС
Ҳ׷ĲԼʾǷеı
֮ɭȫǱԷʲôΣյ飬ȫԽ֮ɭһѷٻ١
˵ֻǼ򵥵˵һԼĿģҳŵһеȷ֮Ȼʵ档
ãȻˣҵ뿴үʲôĽͣǮô
ǮС
ײӷΪ˵ǮǽһӵǮ˳
ĴӷùǮСС
ʱлСӵչˣЩǮȥ㡣
Ľ㣬ЩǮС費Ҫ
˵ţС轫еǮƻص˷УľСԲʲô
ţһŮܲһɭȥȥӪ
֮԰ȵڣһжԴСȣûС赱յľٶͰѩ֪ʲôطԡ
ң˽ʱʱĿΪΣǷ˵һʲôĻȫȫԽ֮ɭһѻٻ١
ǳʲôĿģֻһͬؾβĻʹܴСһǰ½СǣʲôΣ֮УڵԱ⣬Сʲô˺
Ľ㣬Ҫ뿪ô
С費ĿŷģȻദʱ䲻Ľĵ׽һ
ţСģһúõչԼ
Ѿ˾СҲԼʲôӻͳһֻ˷ĵϡ
Ľ㣬ֻҰ轻ҽҵģ˵ǿԱĸӶ˽
л
С赱׽һչţô뿪һС衣
һжѾ˶֣ײֵĻȵİڷ׳ˣһʲôҪ顣
ֱԼҪ˵ԼкܴĹϵ
ϣŽʧеС裬Ļָţʧ˾֮ɭľͷ
صڶߣ˰ë³ϣĿڶķף˵š
үؿԷĵ˵еϸ˰ɡ
ڷףʼձнģСһѩˣػڷĵߣֻҪһ㲻ľٶҪ֪ʲôƤ
ȻѾҽˣǾβһү
֪үΪλҷˣΪλڼ֮ճھ֮ɭУһвӦýɺϰɡ
ֱӵֱ⣬Ҫ˵ʲôԵҲܣֻ˳ŷĵ˵ȥ
ȻǣǸݼٵռھ֮ɭ֣û뵽˷ˡ
ʼտŷģİ׷һģһա
ڼ֮еĻٵЩ롣
֮УǰĻͬĵ̵ľˣԣƺֻҪһıɢ
ɼ˷ı֮ȴȫȫͬȷ˵ˡ
Ӧ֪Ůۡ
ǶǼǰˣɶϵ
֮ǰȷȷʵʵŮۣǾ仰ֻһѡ
ǹֻ꣬˼ԾǾβĴ˵
Ҫ֪ھβзִʲô˼ֻҪҵ˷ģǾβѹҵ磬ƿȨ
㲻һЩʲôɡ
׼ȷĲµ˷룬˫ɫĺоܿõ̰
˵ĿĵķЦ˿εЦŷġ
˲Ƿˣֻǲ¶֮һ
֮ʲô
ɢĿŷףŶȵȴ֮ɡ
֮ȻΪȻǧ֮ã緢ʲôǻһģħͷ֮˽ǳ綼Ҫ֮ɣѰҴǾβһıûָΪʱ䣬ԱȻ
û˵΢΢üͷ˵һС
ĪҪģһȻ࣬ǿߵУҲӵгڳҲǾβڵЧ£Ծžβһϰԡ
ʲôϰԣ
׵ĻԵһЩҲ˵Ȼ壬βڵ棬һ˻;βһӵкϰԡ
һأŮڻеʱ򶼻ɥʧΪ˲õģȵ֮޸ָɱ
أڵľβڵҲʱȫȫںϡ
˵һЩνһ
໳̥ӣҲ˵ҪϾŸµʱ¡
֪˵ĵǣ˵ķѾѵΣգȻԾɱħ׷ɱҲŸ˵ķ֪ϸ
˻ţ
Ȼе֪İҰȣɴӷ׿ȷϵϢ˵ǵġ
Ȼ棬ֻҪαȻ˺˵顣
׵ĻһһصڷĶߣƬ֮󣬷̧ͷһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
үҪôôϣ
ĵĻ˶֮Ŀԡ
Ļ˵Ĵһ֪Լ硣
Žİ磬һĿǰһжӴбȽ׵Ľ׶Ρ
Һͷ׺ҪСΪ
뿪ɭ֮ɭѾʮյʱ䣬ʮڣĳ˳Ծ˯ż͸͸羰Сӹÿν
ѩʱʱ̶̿Χŷףʼնġ
ʮ֮ͣڳĿջǰ
ĻʹɳǣΪɹ֮أͣɳ֮ĵڶ嫳ǡ
ˣ嫳һҹǰɹ
ã鷳үˡ
Ľ˿ջվűߵİѩСѾס˷׵ȥ·
ιʵʵĸ˵ɶĿģӿɲô˵
ѩСצӶżһ׵ı鶢ŷףǾ仰ǸϿȥô
ĿȻǷˡ
Цţһ˫۰˼

715 ɳ

715 ɳ
еķĳθڲ˯֮⣬Ϻûʲô̫
嫳ǵĿջУ˯еķ˺ֵֹܶΣкõлģ֮˷ֱ𲻳ЩЩ¼ٵġ
ʱһеķվڴ̨ߣĿ⿴ɳǵķһ˫۰ţƺôıһ㡣
үĻͬôô
Ŀŷףôˣ˵ˣ˶ҪдˣȫΪһˡ
һƽΪ࣬ѵǴܴǿǸŮô
ͬҲҪͬ⣬Ѿûκ·ˡ
׻еļ֮ⲻκ˸ģΨн磬ĺҲֻһһˡ
͵İѩţȻûнǵĶԻȫȫڶУҲ߰˰ˡ
Ȼģͼ
˻еʱ䣬ҪŷףԲ÷˺һ˿һ
һһʱ䣬Ķ˯ȵڶ峿
ˣǱ糿֪㲻ϲģЩ嵥ζʳ
ˡ
Ķ˹룬һһ׵ĳࡣ
ɳҲͼյ·̣صɳ֮Ҫʲô
֮⣬ڸ߷ףڵκ飬Ϊǲ˵С
ǴˣȻ׷ĿеĻʲô˼
˶ˣصɳֻ֮Ҫ̥ɣ鱾Ȼ͡
Ǿͺã˿Ǻ鷳ģʱķʲô飬һʲôͲ֪ˡ
˻ٰвȻ˶ǱˣҪʲô
ʹ˶Իʡ¡
ʱǰи·ֱ֮󵽴ɳǡ
ɳǣֱΪɹǾβסĳУҲΪٵĵط
ɹ˺֮⻹кܶ壬βƾǿѪͳԼճΪɳǵȨˡ
˺֮⣬Ϊ˴壬ÿһ֮䶼ϸĹأл磬ͬʱǿİ˸幹ϵͳ
ɳô
ɳǼȻΪһУԣĳ̶ȿ֪˵˶Ҫ̤Ļƽǡ
˶ܽУҪôӵǿʵҪôӵи߹ѪͳҪôǮɳǵĶǷ֮
ڽɳ֮һֱĴߣеķַˣֻëƤ˯˹ȥ
ѩػڷߣʱؿܷΣա
İ磬İĵطΨػߣһжҪСĽǡ
Сһ㲻ôţľפɳ֮УȻܵ˺
ǲɵ㡣
ѩһ۷ףҪʱĺãټ˺Լһצȥ˽ˣˡ
ô㻹Ҫ˵׼찵֣˵İΣɾͱˡ
ңһ졣
Сһŭŷףһ˫۾ꡣ
Ƿײδѩĵŭ֮һ˫ɫ¿ǰƴССһ
Сʲôӡ
ƨ£ӵǿ˧أ˧һٶ౶ԣ˧һǧ౻
һʲôӣߣҲ壡
úͷ֮죬ѩֱſڷĵߣܡ
㿴ʲôжô
׶żëѩһεŷס
ǲô֪ڿ㡣
ЦţǸڴǵЦʵ˺ݺݵһȭ
᣿
ݵһѩСצӣ׼вһ
뵽׾Ȼһǹ˰ѩצϡ
ϲ
һǹСһ˲¶Իı飬һ뽫ǹӸ˷ס
ߣôĦһǹյ˵ġ
ԣóԵĹ
ܵ飬Ǵħ죬֮һֱǿޣôᱻһǹأ
ԣҲС
ѩֹԼǹ֮ʱֲ֪Ӻδһļȡ
Ӹ㣬мҲûá
ŹӣѩСצתͷͷڵѪ
ܱգ⹷һĿģǧ䡣
Ǵħ죬־ǿ֮
ǣȺ㣡
԰ɣ¶ġ
׽͵ѩߣܲסİѩһȥҧ֮һļ⡣
㣬ΪһȾͿԻ¸ӣӲŲеôḡ
һ̼䱻ѩԵľʣ˹ͷʼգ׶ЦǺǵĿǰС
ڣʱ֮ɹĻʹ˽绹ħ磬ʹһΪݻĽˡ
ɳǵĻʹˡ
Ϊչ˷ĵ˯ߣ̵û˯ѵжôĿ£ֱʹ֮ʱҲûн˯еķġ
Сһȷ֮ȥ¥ұ
֪ˣϽɣµġ
ᷳķףѩϸϸĴĻһͻһɱֶǲ
һߣȥķ¥¥оβһĳѾȺ˶ʱֻзһȴģһƬ̡
үأ
˯УʱǲҪ˳Ϊá
׿һڳˣһӣµһͼ
ǱѰͼҲΨз˷Ƴ󡣡
үˡϳֱԣѾΪ֮кεȵܿ󣿡
ӷĳһ̿ʼħƵ˹עһһˡ
Ѿǿ֮С
β峤һȻϲѾһʱ䲻˽ĵˣڲңĺϢܲ
ô˵̤𾳵ķѾ㹻ʵӡǾβһѪõˡ
ɲȳ˷̫ܵã׵ڶ仰˵˲ʧ䡣
ʧȥΪΨеȵ˵֮󷽿ǰ̳󷨡
µʱ䡭ûиʱȥˣǶһӣǾβ˱Σһ֡
ΪѰҷģΪ˽Ĵ磬ǾβǺķ˴Ѫڼռ˷֮ţ԰Ϊ֮Ŵλô硣
ϵ쳣ļһо˵һβΣڵϦΨһĵĳܽβ˴ԨоȳڿһжӰˡ
¥˵йص飬иոķĴŹǷ֪¥зʲô顣
ʹˣ
ѽɳǵĻʹ
ѩ˷ĵļϣһ˫۾ŷġ

716 үү鲻

716 үү鲻
ˣĴȥô
ѩôôˬһ˫۾һڵúܡ
˵ҲֻдΪȫ
˵һɳǵĻʹΪȫģҲ˵ʲôħҷҲӦԼŽİݵ硣
İȫôôܸоǼһﲻģղ˯ʱüȺǹաң־ᶨ
ô
ЦСһ
˵Ҳ֣ǸΪβүһ䵭ģǫ񣬵Сһʱ򣬷׸˵ĸоƹϷˣһ
ݰѩܲУȷʵˡ
СһڴﵽʲôΪ
ɳ۷ΪͲһʽ壬ֻҪ˳̬ҾͿԻûˡ
ʱͿԺһˡ
һԼܹûԵһ죬Сһжд˷֮⡣
ӳɳڽĴħ첢ҪٴξɱڵĴֻҪһʽ̤壬ҲһȫȫĴħ졣
ڳڵĴħʲô˭Ҳ֪Ͼһ֪Ѿ˵ޡ
ĺͰѩʱɳǵĻʹסŮǺóԺúȵźţǽһʡ
ҪǷ岻ʱNɪѩһѡפڴˡ
ɵɶ˯
ѩ˫ССס˷ס
˯Ǳʳֻûȥˡ
ţɶô㣡
ѩǹζ֪ˮ
ѵһӰһ룬ԭŵʳ˲˰ѩС
ʳɢʳСһһ㲻߶ʮһ
յһԣЦİѩ
Ͳ±ڸ¶ô
ڳŸİѩ̧ͷҰҰЦŷףǺ䳰ı顣
ӿǴħ죬ħ㶮ô˶Ҳܶӡ
һ¶ǣѩСצӡ
ôûԱ
ʲô
ƺ֪ѩԱһַԸŮһӸ˳
ѩҲûжʲôζĸ㣬һûһĺͷ졣
ô˵СһδԼĸĸô
ôǴħԴ֮ˣڵĵطͻӡ
ڰѩеλеһλǰڻԺ󣬶û˿Ժλ
˸ҶԷκΣգƴҲҪػǡ
һ˫ӿŷףѩ˫ۣǽ䱸֮⡣
ߣĵ׻
úúã̸˵飬أСһϲˡ
ʼգ׶Ц˫ۿŰѩ֮ƺ͸¶ų谮֮顣
ֻѩʲô˼УֻзĺʳҪ顣
аӵˡ
ѩ˵Լϲ˾Ƿġ
ЦţǰǰССİѩ޳ָشСһ
ཱུСë׵ģбжôˡ
˵һϲڰ飬ñ㿴ʲô֮󣬻ررϲҪһ𡣡
˵˺ͽİаûС
ѩҡҡͷʾûԺ˯ģﻹĳЩûõ⡣
˵ѩͣһ¡
ȻûУиɵϱϱĽңӦ˵ʲôƨİˡ
ѩʼ磬еĸ㡣
ԭˡ
ԭ˸ɶ˵˵ɣƭʹĿɶ
ѩȻ˽䰮ǸʲôСһﲻɵӣοĸ˾ôãǷױʲô飬ԼԼҲıζ
ױ˵һЩĽȥһ룬һ϶
ĻԸӦһ
ǺǣŲ˵֮ǰʹ
ѩͷʲôףһǸڵ⣬ȽīҪģĴӦʲô˭֪ʲôڶڵԼ
ԼΪ֤ӦһὫг̵Ŀԭԭ㣬һ˿һ
㵱ɵӻǵԼɵӡ
ѩȻŷףǸ꣬ƶ˲˵ǲǵܶԼŵ磬ŲҪʲôԼء
ƾ˵ܴӦ
һ㣬ѩСצվͷվԼǰˡ
лˣӳԵĺܱ
һĨСЦݣѩڿһת뿪ֻʣ·һŮ˿ǵССİë׵Ӱʧ֮С
ա
ڴϣԴӻ֮Խ˯ÿ첻˯ϸ˶Ժġ
ˡ
ѩߣ˵Լǡ
Ҿ÷򵥣Ȼöա
ѩ˵飬ȴЦ
أԷ׵ӡΣ
ǻ˵ôһ꾫ҪǿھβĻʹУͲǵαˡ
ѩʼնΪײǸˣһŸĿģǹ˵ġ
Сһﶼ˷ײ򵥣ôء
Ψеȣȵ๫硣
յʱ䣬ĺͰѩڻʹбźĺóԺúȣҪ󶼻ᱻ㣬˲ܵǲ֮⣬Ϻͻʵûɶ̫
ʱ棬ڷ֮£ļβĳ϶ʶ顣
ɳĮ֮ؼǵʱ˻ѣ˵ԼǾβ峤ŮΪ˼̳峤֮λҪҵβ
һ룬ЩѻĲ˵ģȻ˭֪պ᲻Ӧ顣
ˣ벻֮ǰô
峤۶ڴı鿴ŷģÿһμĵʱҪһû֮ǰ顣
ûС
ҡҡͷҧһڻƹϣʮȷϵĻظź峤ϡ
ϴүΪʲôû֮ǰ顣
ȻթǰóѵߣЦķ
ү㿴һС㲻ƭһиԲԡ
⻰ʲô˼
峤˿һ˿˿ıζ׼ת뿪ʱȴԼѾץסá
ĲֻܶǷڻУһִʱ˸Ǻá
ү㿴үʱദҲĵˣžͺ˵˵ǵڼƻʲôܰء
֮鶯֮׼߿׳һЩõϢ
ץסĺ峤ϽŻ׵üͷһҪȴϵĵľôˡ
ˣ¶ͲҪڱ˼ҿˣǵʱˣүȻ˵һеġ

717 㷳˲

717 㷳˲
ʱһȻĺ峤ϺͷദǢڼʶƷϣ嶼ͦϲġ
ǣһ¶һ¶Щ鲻ܿģһжҪȵȫ岿ĳ֮ͬܺͷ˵ҪȻҪүȥ˵ˡ
ˣ˼ʱô
֮鶯֮Ҳʼ
˼ǲɶóԺúȵĶ͹үȻүʤү԰ɣ
Ȼˣȴǲ
ĵ˵ͷ˵š
ô͸ΪѲˣԲ
ȻôǲҪǲһеĻҾͻҹҹ˯žҹȥš
ĸ˵ŹҪԡ
飬ûʲôʿڣֵڼ䣬ҪǳԲõĻ̥Ҳ᲻ȣʱʲôĻɵ𰡡
ĽĵҪӲ׳Ϣôãô᲻ĵСǾ仰󣬲һ峤˵ġ
ˣͲҪΪϷˣϷء
үҿΪҰɡ
˵ţһ˫ɫӷӿỨһεεˮϻСģôˡ
˼ҹ¿һ磬ΪҵŮģһû
𣬷ôˡ
һĿæҵһԵľڷУ̾һĽСһָ֪
ðɣȻܽȫ鶼˵һЩԵ˵һ˾ͲҪڿˡ
÷ĸû취һ¿ҪиŮӵߣʱദͷĺͶԵһһС˺ܶں˼顣
⿴һޣľ
һγ磬һΪ֮ų˲ҲȷȷʵʵҪõ˵İ
׼ȷ˵ǾβһҪõĵİ
һа˴壬ڰ˴Ҳ˵ǣ綼̫ƽ
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ҲԼ࣬Ǿ͸˴ӴԼӺ
㰡̫Զˣ
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ԭСһϲ͵ġ
үЦʲô
һ׼ȥҷĵĺ峤ϲ忴˷ףǷ״һĨΣգѲ˱үˣ
ûʲô쳤Ҫȥҷô

721 ʲô

721 ʲô
Ŷⲻ꼾ôϷȫͷ۵Ҫҷһơ
ۿɳǵ꼾ˣһϹͷַˣ׼ȥҷĿ˭֪ү
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ЩԸ֪ˣƩǬЩ鲻ܶԷ˵
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үİɣϷȻὫٷĵ˵
ڽøһţ֮ɢ˽Σء
ʮڱ֮ɣΪֻ顣
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ˣܲܲЦݿϷ򣬲֪ĻΪϷʲôͼء
ү㿴զ˵أү˭˭ǲ
ЦԽĲãбԽĻ
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ģ๫ˣԲԲ治飬أһǬԼ顣
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ȻҽҽмǳССⶼҪ˲УΪ˱ǲ嶨һڹײıȽס
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ˡҪôô
ܿװεģôῴ
ҪѲܶ׳ͰѲװײ档
ȻҪôˣô˵ҲǾβһ峤ҲҪķ⣬ľҪõģǮʲôһжҷױͺˡ
һʼε׼ʲôʵĹľʲôضã֮ССĶ˵˸顣
ڵװεĲĺӶ
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Ѿ֪жûгζĶˣɽ亣ζ˸飬ǰһӿƲ۵ȴԹóԵĶ
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ѩȻ֪˵ļıòУȻ׻
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һ˫ɫ۾۰Ͱ͵ĿŷģҪôжôĿ
ڳУԼȥ԰ɣ
ˣҰ㣡
ವһһɫӰʧһйưǰ
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ٶĴҲ治ʱ˿̵飬ֻúóó֮顣
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ܣϷųǧϷϡ
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Ŷˣһ飬ã
Ʊһ¶ǣĿģ˵

722 ˬô

722 ˬô
ү֮ܣϷ㵱ŮŸ˵ǧͱ˵֪ô
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ĵ˵ͷǧ֤Լ⴫渵δ߷ĵʲô
ǸʲôħŪһٵ㣬ʮҲ֮ɣǲֹĻһʮݻữޡ
ֺһƣ˵š
ˣ֪ħΪʲôҪһٰ㣿
Ϊʲô
УεԼ½֮ǰ飬һħ۲Ϥ
ΪҪڽսǰݣ˵ҪȡǬҲ۵˼
˵΢΢üͷ
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벻ףװȶ˾ƵĲһ˿һĺӷ˵½
ʵ˵ܾ֮ǰү˵Ǭ飬˵ħˣպ¾Բġ
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Ц˫Ųǣҷ̫ӵѹֻʱѹŭ𣬿˫ȴʼŭŷף׼ʱضһ
Ȼˣλ汾빬ɡˣҲ汾ع
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ƿ˿̫ӣнʲôϢȻ֪˵ĿʲôеһйԼǸٵķġ

723 ӱҰ

723 ӱҰ
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724 ʧ

724 ʧ
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Ȼѩ뽪īܣһһСϰһԷʲôΣգܲȥȡ
СһϲˣΪڼĽīȻҪúõİѰѹء
˵ˣǰĺ꾫˳˧үǮԴСһҲʵĺã⼸ۺǵĺ⡣
ºȱ衣
׵ҪȽīǧ껹࣬īȴżҳ磬޲һһСװСװĽš
үѩӡ
Ҳ轪īʲôڶǰĿϡ
Ůô¶ôͰѩĻȫͬ⣬׼ƸУҺϺһѰѩ㴲ϡ
ү˵ЦˣȻŰҲҪ׿ĸԸļ޸ǡ
ѽЩС¶ֻҪǮλº˵
ī뿪Ц˵ţһѩƺеݺݵ˽īϡ
үˣк¡
Ϊ˲ýīڿ˵ЩеûģһԹѩƺŷҹĿģֻΪ˰ѩһô򵥡
ȻѩӿˣҲʲô
׶豭ǳһȵĲˮʾ¡
õ׷ȥʱ˿̵СԺֻʣ˷ףīѩƺ
үҪ˵ʲô飿ôŪô
ڰѰô
׾Ҫ˵ɶ
һ뿪˹ſ˵ŴеĿġ
˽֮ܵĻˡ
ʲô˼
׻֮ʣԭһЦ֮Ľīʽѩƺǿŷףȷδ˵֮ʱ仰ԭΪΡ
ү˵һЩô
֮Ȼֻ˽磬ǲʮݣҲ֮ܵĲǬʱε֮ϢҲ˽һֻ֮С
˵Ŵδ˵ĻһǵĻеķķĴʱҲȽİݵ֮һ¡
ով磬βһûоӦ֮ӡ
⻼˫ش֮£ľǺͽİݵ֡
ħҹһڹ˳ħ硣
΢΢̾Ϣţ̧ͷһ˫ɫıӿǰĶˣѰŽ⡣
ң֮˽֮󣬲ὫΣ֮УеˣֹĻڽ罫ٴιںڰ֮С
Կ棿
١
Ҳ϶Լ˵Щǻԣʵˣͬκ˱ס
֮Ϲŵ᲻ϵΧһУ΢Сһֻϣ찿ĴֱڽҲûĴڣȵڽ綼޵һƬڰУֹ֮ͣɽߡ
ɵʱ˽绹綼ѾʧӰ٣Ǹںڰл׹ǡ
ǣ֮Ȼǿվһַ赲
ַûпԣȴûа취еΨһӡ
ֹ֮Ҫֻ֮ģĴݻ١
⣬Ψһֹ֮ڽɵİ취֪ҪôǿΪֵܵס֮˵֮ģΪؼĻ˴ݻ١

733 а취

733 а취
׽Ѱ󷽷Ҳͬһܽķ
˵ˣû˵Ҳͬھ
绹ܵõʱ䣿
˽Ѿ֮ݲУʺϷľסīһܵõʱ䡣
ʱ䡣
׸˰ޣһ֮֮ͻӿһʼħ룬ʹĴħǽռ죬Ϊ֮ϡ
ʱ䣡
ʱԵȵ
ȻǬôţƣ֮ܵΪβǬ׵׵Ĵݻ֮
īŷףȻˣΪβô
Цţôûһ㣬ܵǬֻзģںΪǿпǬǶԷĻǶ˵к
һ仰˳˼
ƽİ취ǰƫƫˡ
ұͷ˵
Ȼ֪
Ҳͽīѩƺ˵
ա
£ΪڽİݵĻУŴΡ
ԶĽīѩƺ׼ƺʲôٿīôı顣
ڸɶ˵
ıһѩƺе鼮ǹǬļء
⼸оǬô
صģʲô顣
ûУүֻǺǬǸʲôϡ⣬ⲻŽŮһʡ
ŽīԼѩƺ˵ı飬ЦһѹѩƺļϣһŽīīӡ
Ϻɲǻѵˣ˵ɡ
ദôãô᲻֪ѩƺʲôˣֻҪһѣӱת
¶һǴ¶
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īѩƺȻ֯
ĳ֪ģЩ֪Ϊá
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˵ɣʲô¶
Цţ»صİݻУѩƺ
غǬ磬Լ֮
Ǻѩƺ˵Ļ︴ŷ˵Щ顣
ǬԵֵ֮֮ΨһķӱǬ֮ģݻٻˡ
ǣĹؼڷġ
ܶǬֻзģڷĻУΪȫʧ
ԣ취á
˵İݲ׼еķǰ֮֮ȥݻٻˣҲ׼ô
ѩƺеĻİһ˫ɫһ˫üҲ΢΢
Ψһķô
ûп˵Ĭ˷ĵĻ
ΨһķӣΪֹ֮ɢ˽ڽ綼İ취
ɻ˵ˣӸвͨ
һʱ䣬˶˳Ĭ֮УĻعŽİݣе˲⡣
Ƭ֮󣬷Ŀ˵һ仰
ҪȥԪ硣
ˣ֮ΪԻ˻ǰǡ
İô᲻֪е뷨Ȼǲ׼ðյģοڵ֮һȥ޻صĵط
ģȰ̥Ϊָ֮Ҳ١
īҲȰŷĲҪ嶯ʲô鶼иػ⣬вǴ¶򲻿Ϊ˵̥ǡ
Ľ绹ܳŶãƭңܿǲ˵ѡ
ĶŽīīɫεĿ˿ѩƺͽİݣĿ˷ϣε̾һ
ֻҪͿˣ˵ģʣµ齻ǡ
īظĵֻ仰˵һ飬ĽŲ˶ˣŲºӡ
һ˫ɫѲˣû˵ʲôת뿪޹
ˣʲô
İ˷࣬ӱڻУ˷ĵĳϡ
Ϊеǵ顣
Ǿ仰̫֮Σգȥ޻أǲյġ
๫˵һ֮˽ڽɣǺǵĺҪסȥ
ʵǰʱ룬֮ǽ˽ôȥһռͺˣôռ硣
ɵ֪֮Ὣڽ綼ɵֱ綼һƬڰԨ֮ʱӱ￴ôĲ԰
Ϊ֪룬Ҫֹ֮ţҲҪȵӽ֮󷽿ɡ
İ۷ҲͬϧǶ˺ò׵İᾧ
ǣ̫֮ǿΣգڵķĸֵס֮ϮǷʲô⣬һӶᰲģھκ֮С
˷ģΪа취ġ
ظŷĵգİЦţЦôᣬĵ׵һɨա
ɶжףΪİ취ֻһѡ
գһˢɳǣ⴩Ʋڴϣһʺʡ
һҹ˼붷ĻǾҪǰԪ硣
Ůô˵أİݣҲͬô
īһ˫۾ŭŷģ޲ýĶٳ澿װʲô
Ƕ˵˶ٴˣ֮˽磬ʮѾ֮ԪȻûб֣֮Ҳǳ顣
ŮΪʲôҪһǰԪ磬Ŀʲô˵Ҳ
İݣŮ˺Ҳźǲǡ
˾˵飬𼴱ҲҪͬвǡ
İ֮Ըı̬ȣҪΪһ϶˵Լ뷨
ԭǵĺӡ
ı֮ɵøɸɾǻӵʲôطȥ
ֻн֮вǻǺӣʶÿһ˲ܻȥȻʲô
ԴҲһһ
ΪһľҪһԡ
ǣԴǲǱżˡ
īָŷĺͽİݣĲ֪ʲô˵ǲǡ
ˣȻȥˣүʶҲǻˡ
ԹԹΪĴһԱīôĿŷĺͽİݶǰԪӲ
ʲôʱߡ
ѩƺŷʲôʱ뿪硣

һ¡
׽ס˼ˣһ۷ģʾԵƬ̡
ʱ׹֮ʣжһľӡ
滭һЩֵֹķ䣬ϵ·ͷӵеǬơ
ʲô
ˣ뽫һѪС
˵Ļ÷Ĳ⣬ΪʲôҪһѪ档
˴˴ȥҪǬһö糤Ѫ㼯ɣȻǬҲʱĵֵס֮һʱ䡣
һʱǶãûκ֪ˡ
Ǭһ뿪磬֮ԸٶȲ׵ĻҲɸһ飬δͽ˷ĵС

734 ɹʧ

734 ɹʧ
ĳɹˣް˽Ҳָԭƽ͡
ʧˣڽ綼֮С
ѹܴġ
εЦţĽָһѪ˺档
Ѿǰˣ뿪硣
֮ŵڴ˵ǶڷļϵİѩСһ
ȥ֪ǵñԶ㡣
ĥĥģһȥʹá
ѩͷһ˫۾һ۷ףʲô˵ȴͣû˵ڣգһ˫СצӾϵһëӸס
ӺúñţҪӻʱһëͱ밲ˡ
ʮְһ仰£ѩףǽѩ͸ԼĶúõı
ģǾβһ԰겻ѣ֮ʣضʮױӭȢ
˭˵Ҫ޸ˣˡ
Ů׼Ƹɡ
īЦСһСһˣ׾ǵһ
˻𣬷ĵ˴֮Żص˽硣
һ˽磬ΪķҲܲһѹȸоȫᱻֵ֮ʮݡ
̶̵ʱ䣬֮Ѿռʮݰأ񣬾ƴҲѡ
ģİݣīѩƺ뿪֮źǰԪ硣
ʱԪѾۼʮԪϾĴǣƣ壬½ԪεԼʮݵһЩɲŸεֵ֮ɢ
ԪУɫ쳣ѾԹ취Ҳ޷ֹ֮ˣɳȥ˶֮ħձһߺԵħʬ
û뵽ħ۾Ȼһֱαװʮݵľ֮һ켣м䡣
½ݣʮݵý˭ûвҲ½ʡ
ƫƫʵݺݵشһĶ⡣
½ħۣ켣˽Ϊ˽ʮ֮һľֻǳԼĿģҪһٲѡ
ԴȥʮݣԪϾ˽綼һ
ݵľԪ£һԪ𣬾żԪĻ
˽磬֮ǼɢȥĻǧ綼ܵе綼ɺڰԨֱٳκһ
ĵصÿһ˵ĶߣһӰԪʱƺ½Ԫһһҵĳǰȥ
ôˣúõĴô
ǣôô˻Ҫܡ
ƺ½ԪһǷĵʦһǷĵĵʦе鶼ǴĵĹС
ʦʦ
˫ֱȭƺ½Ԫ
NϺֱˡ
īѩƺϣЦ鼤ƺ½ԪѩƺһͶָƷͽвడ
Ĵ뿪СҲţ˽ʲô֪ô
ߵʱǧҪСĺúõô
ī˵ãһ˵½Ԫ˵ìͷͶ׼޹Ľīѩƺޱȵ±ơ
ɶϵֲǲ֪ĵƢ˾ǼͷţҲοˡ
īʾ൱޹
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˵ˣҲǲͬģϾڷĻУΪɢ˵ħ۵ҪĿꡣ
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īرʾԼѾˣҲֻܸȥˡ
ʲôҲǲԴеĻҲֻе֮ɵ磬綼޷⡣
ԣǱڷԪ硣
ʦʦǷıǡ
һĨЦ⸡ڷĵĴǣɷԽô˵ƺ½ԪԽǲġ
ʲôΪˡ
ƺ½Ԫ࿴˶Էһֱۣǣһη뿪磬Ȼ֮ĪĹϵ
ҹɫԪ硣
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¿ѵһ̣㼴ʹϵεĽ
Ǽ̬Ϊֵ˺ָ߶ȡ
ΪѾ˴˾۷壬ֻһԽ𾳵Ϊ
ǣ֪īѩƺޱ޼ʵΪʶ˿˾ʲôġ
ûʲôһʮס
ûʲô
һʮף
⻰ڽİݶвʲôڱȴѪĴڡ
ûʲôһ㡣
ǿʮ׶Σ׶α𾳴Բˡ
ǡ
֪īԸҪȻһΪҫ
Ҳ൱ô̵ʱ͵˴˾۷壬ʱձɽ𾳵ˡ
޵ıûĿһ۽ī
͵ڿҰɡ
˰ûȣǺǰļ̬
˵ˣĵΪ
ǲ˱Ŀ⣬ʼ򣬸֪ԼûκεΪ
㡭㣬Ļˣ
ĻеϢ˶֪ģԪ½Ԫͱ֮⣬ҲֻһЩΪԼˣԲûȥ
Ļ˵ϢжôˣΪѵĿģڵ֪ΪжΪʱԵʧϢ
²ǰİĻȻǺõ飬ΪɢĻ
粻õģ๫ߣнīϺѩţκġ
Ǿͺãݶ֪ǻһˡ
Լӣӿĵŷģ֪ĻеϢһ˵ûġ
ݶɩأôʱôݶɩӣ
űôûݡ
ȥһȫ磬ȵ˽æ֮ұȥ
Ϊ˱Լ޶֮ܵΣ㽫ݺͶ͵һС磬ʱһƬƽ֮أȵ֮ȫȫ֮ȥСݺͶӡ
ҲֻܹʱıӺͺˡ
֮վһ⡣
ҽҲͦ˵ˣ޷֮Ļǧڽ綼ᱻɵɸɾֱһƬ޵ĺڰ
ģԪ˵һжô
š
ĵͷ³һҲΪ뿪ԭ
֮˽ֻһʼ᲻ϵ죬ֱеҲûΪֹ
ԣ˰취
ŷǷн֮ķˡ
ֻЦŲδ˵һԵĽīε̾һ

735 һ㹻

735 һ㹻
˵ǰ취Ҳǰ취İ
īҲ֪ô뱱˵飬һԪ磬ŷҲҪһ֮Ȼľ
ܷʲôǶԥڷߡ
ʲô취
ʱһƵ˳СС
Ļб壬½Ԫκͱӡ
˶ˣҲȥһˡ
ʦʦá
ĵĿ⿴ƺ½ԪˣһǬǰ
λӦʶɡ
Ǭ
Ȼʶóķʲô֮ǰǬŮ֮ǰֻԼ꽫Ǭӡ硣
ûӣǬ
ĽǬչǰҲɱԼľ
ҪƳ֮İ취ֻһ
ŷĿеĻ˶ģΨư˫ۣгһɲõԤС
ʵϣƵԤȷġ
ʲôӣ
ŷƳ֮ķʲô
Ǭ֮ڲݻˣԽ֮ڲ߽⡣
⻰˵򵥣ȴ൱ѵһ顣
˭֪֮жôǿͿ̶̵ֲʱ֮ڣѾʮݴأûκֹܹš
Ȼ˰취Ǭ֮ڲ
˰취ʵʩɡ
ɱĻȴ÷ҡҡͷҽǰǬջ˰С
ܲٿǬֻһҡ
֮⣬֮ܽڲֻзһˣԣûκαȷĸǬȥ֮֮дݻٻˡ
Ĵ˻һ֮ʱƺ½Ԫ׷׿ڷ顣
ܣ
ԣ޿ܡ
ĻУΪɢʺ顣
ǾԲ÷յġ
ʦʦΨһķӡ
֪ƺ½ԪǵԼֺγû⡣
Ҳɷĺô
ǣҪָľǽİݡ
ƵĿݺݵؿŽİݣƺҪ͸һ㡣
Ȼİݵ˸ŷ뿪磬ǱĬ˷ĵΪ
ЦǲԼػͽȥ޿ܡ
İݲδڻشʲôһֱڷĵϡ
֪ʱûһͬ⣬Լǧ˰ٴҲ÷ܵһ˿˿˺
İĿЩԺ飬ǵĺںڰ֮Уںڰ֮ĻİԼīѩƺ
۷ҪʲôǻԼػǣǰ֮ȥݻٻˡ
ʦҾ飬ĪҪڹˡ
ľ֪ƺ½ԪŭΨһķˡ
վһԵıµĿŷġ
ִǬҪǿķڻкΪôǬ
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ǻΪɢȺûзʱĻظΪǱ壬һзӡ
ǰָ
ԣʱĻָΪҲãһ߶Ǭ֮
֮飬Ҳֻн֮ڲ֪˵ʲôǿ̸
ģΪʦԲ׼ô
ƸͬĵٶǵɱǾԲ÷յģԣ
ʦ
ǰƸ
лƵġ
֮ǰһ̿ʼֻ֮ÿһʦػߣ÷ĺܸж
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æŷģȴİˡ
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ʦػԱ𡣡
ΪʦӦģ֮ǰΪʦܹվҲˡ
ƵĻ÷ҡҡͷ˽˰ǰʱҲѡƵ
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һжǰˣҪڣǰΣ
ʦܽٿǬֻңܴݻ֮˵Ҳֻһˡ
˵ΨԼһܺٿǬݻ֮ĻˣڽΪһƬ޵֮ء
ȻûеôУΪԼΪ˺ӣΪÿһҪˡ
֪͵ʦңɱѡҲԼĺھУھ
ӱܣֻʱ飬ܽһһ֮ɵ֮е磬ô֮أ
ԣӱܲǽİ취ΨӭѶϡ
ˣһ֪Ƶˡ
ħ۴˽üٵķٻϹħ񡣡
ʲôϹħ񣡡
Ϲħ񼸸ֵʱϵɫԾ֡
˻ɵ棿
ϹħʲôĴڣλ֪
ǶƹܸŵǿߣȻ֪Ϲħļء
ǧȷǽ֮˼ٷֹ½ٻϹħ񣬾ֻܽˡ
֮Ѿ˿յģֵ֪ҪٻϹħ
һϹħٻô罫ȫȫһƬ֮С
˫Σ֮£˵ֻѡҪôҪô
ѣǼѡ
ΪһССĿԣҪΪս
а취һָʱָΪ԰ɡ
ڻش֮ǰ˿ƺ½ԪϾ˭סŶ˼Ŀ⣬ſڻӦŷġ
УĴôô
Ȼأбķô
ǰȻбķô
建³һĿһοƺ½Ԫյ˵ͷ
зӣҪһֶɻݡ
ⶫѾپˣԪ綼ûһţҪĻָΪķûУҪɻݡ
ɻֶѾҪҵʵ£롭
ȱ˵껰ĴӱóһƿӣһƿɢžӨâľڱǰ
ⶫɽҲɻݵľʱɼһЩ
ģ㻹ʲôö
׼ƪ˵ɻεǰһƿɢŹâɻݾеĻﶼ˻ȥֻ˵һ㻹ʲôö
ôģС̬
ɻݣ԰ʱԵĻָΪԱ÷ĵΪָ۷״̬
ǣ״ֻ̬ܳһµʱ䣬һ֮޷ݻ֮ĻˣǺ᲻롣
һ£㹻ˣ
˵һһ붼Ǽġ
ܻһµʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ģҪôô
ƲᣬԸҲ÷ա
˵ֹ֮Ļе綼ᱻһƬڰ֮С

736 

736 
ѾΪ˶֡
ƿӿʼоҩȵѾ֮ˡ
ٴμ壬ĵ˶ȴŽ
ȥɣöҩÿһҩܹ֧ʮյʱ䡣
Ҳʱ˵һµʱ棬ҪҩָΪһöҩ˻Ƴ֮Ҫ뿪ʲô
վһԵĽīҿһ⡣
ôһƿӵɻݾƳöҩô
ϼһǲԼ˽˰
īţô᲻ɶ
׳ŵҩӸ˽İݽīѩƺˡ
С֮ĶȾ֮ЩҩǸǵģʱֵ֮ϮʱЧһµʱ䡣
һ۽īյʱ䲻߲ݣȻΪ˵ûпޣ˸ǿȵĹ»Щƣ۵ġ
סˣֻһµʱ䡣
岻òһѷĵˣҪһµʱԼ顣
߰ɡ
á
ĿһֽۣŽİݵĴ֣ů¶ȰΧȫ
ʦʦ֮齻ǣϹħ㽻ˡ
˫иԵ
֮Ϲħ񣬶˵Ǽѵ顣
Ϊʦ
ģһҪСġ
ƺ½ԪŷҪСģԭ˻˵ĻЩ˻ȥ
ãĻ֮ʱóԵġ
ЦţһĨõЦ⸡ڴǡ
˵ע£ĵ뿪Ԫ磬ǰ֮׼뱻֮Ⱦʮݡ
֮žǰĿ˿İݣīԼѩƺ
׼ô
Ϊ
۵ᣬ۵ĳ磬۵İǽİݣ֪е뷨
ī˫ֶżνʼ硣
Ϻȴݻٻ֮ҪҪȥǸӡҪǲҵĻպϴպϹˡ

ѩƺһ˵ĻӦ˽ī˵Ц̤֮ţʮݡ
һ룬ĸ˵Ľޱ޾Σա
ʮݡ
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㡭ǹ
ɱļƣǶû־ͱһεײɣӵе

ɱԼĻЦˣɫ֮£ɫĳţһ˫ɫӿˡ
õĲǺ׼ȷҪݵĻðƺҡ
ЦģЦȴһ˱󷢺
ȻûȺɱ֣ѰһЩ취뿪ʱջصİݵߣƫƫ˲⣬ꡣ
һӣһɱ֣֮Щת˲һһĿʬ塣
һԵԴɶˣһ˫۾ĿתĶŷġ
һʼֻ˵ЦڿǰĻ棬˵ľȻġ
ôЩʬ崦ˡ
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ŷӦԴſˮͣߵҿϿ¿ͣҪͶһĻҲŷ˵Щп֮¡
ҵ찡ղŲѴ̧֮֮佫˻Щɱֽˣõʲô
Դ׷ŷʸͣƺֻҪĲЩϸһֱ׷ȥ
ԴĲУһȹ֭εĿǰ߶߶ͣˡ
Ķʮһֻǧһռ䣬֮괩ıһռ䡣
˵ŹԼղʩչÿһռ䶼ԼͬĹĶʮһ;൱ûʲôϵ磬ǰϵĴڣѾȴ֮ʱżһЩʿɵõ֮⣬ҲǼһ֡
ʮϾֻҪʵ˼ϺٻһЩɾ͵ģȫݽߵʱҪһΪ顣
㿴ûеĻ۸
ԴʾĸǲǺʲôġ
ľװĶǽǮǰĵĵǮӱȽϺʣҪĶô
ʾԴҪĶһһڷźãĸݼ󷨡
ܿģ֮У˫ֽӡڽξ֮ǰԴ緢ʲô鶼Ҫֵס
ģѾ水صӶھһֻҲɲ԰ˡ
Դ÷һٶʮıˣڵ԰ⶼӶȫ˵˻ɱˣʮеɱȫۼڴˣҲ޷ͻͭǽݡ
أ˫۵ķξеĻ硣
УɫĻƮ㣬ڿķʢĻµŽİݡ
ɺðҲİݵĵ
ôǵȲİݵġ
һ̾Ϣţ˯˹һһġ
㡣
Ǿβڵɲ֪ΪΣȴ겻ǰһ㡣
ôˣ
Ϊ㡣
һ۷ģΡ
ҪΪȷģҲӡ
ѵ˵Ǭһӡһ̣㽫͵磿
Ĳ²ſԣû˵Ĭ˵Ļ
ΪˣǬһӡ֮ͬھһ̣Ҫǳ˯еԼΪ۱˷ģŮɢ˵ʬˣתֻصĿԶˡ
˵䣬͸˼֡
ôˣ
ܻʧɣһҲһġ
˫ֶż򣬿վǰķģһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
㲻ѹȻ֮ȥˣ㻹Ǵǰ㣬ΪҪ˸ԸԼ
һΣΪ˱֮ǰһֻأѡԼĵ
Բ𣡡
ûʲôԲģһκˣϣ֮ǰһηѾˡ
ߵߣҪȥĵգգ˫ֻǴ塣
ʧ֮ǰһϵİݡ
˵ţ˫ֽӡһâԽҫâȫʢ֮ʣʧӰ٣ڷǰһȺ鱯֮ˣΪ׵˫ָһ˫ŵĵ
˵ʲôɸŴϸܵĸҲ׼֡
๫๫İݣīѩƺ
ʱУƵվڵ룬֮ѾʧֻʣһƬڵأѾŵա
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ĴĺŽİݣɲǽİݣ˶ûвվķġ
ʱķֻһõӰ죬ûû¶ȡ
ͷͷ๫
Խļڽʧ߷Լɲ˶ˡ
๫
һ紵ŽİݵͷǶ̶̼յʱ䣬İһͷīѾס
īҪȰ˵ʲôջﻹ̵˶
ûʸ񿪿˵ûᵽİݴʱ˿̵顣
ѩƺҡҡͷűʾ⽪īýİһ徻һᡣ
ڴʱԭ˫ֵĽİݺȻת˱ٶһԨİݲȥ
İݣ㲻ɶ£֮Ҳ뿴Ϊѳ顣
ˣ
İݸо˷ĵĴڣعʱ򣬿ŰһֵӰϸȥǵӰǷĵӰ
ġ
īҲ˷ĵĲӰѰͷȥƯڰеӰǷĻ˭
˵ʲôİݵ˵Ļͬ
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ȻǿԿ
ָָī˹ӶרõƼ̵ĸԼһЩϢһ֮ʣĵӰȫȫʧ˵С
İݲһеĳȥҪץסĵĲӰǰԨ
İݣ嶯ûƽһ£
īץסİݣɵ¡
ī֮ʱİݻع㲵ƺŽī˻Ǽ١
ī˵ʲô
԰ī˵ʲôûô
ղŷĵĲӰ˶ˣɷĵʲô˼
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741 

741 
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̵ȻһĻȥҲ˽īһС
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īŷĵľٶҸ֪Ƶ˼ʲô
ȥҷˡ
ȥҷõѡô
īӵĿŽİݣңֺοǹڷģ֪İڵ֪ް֮ʵһͷǰʮһѰ
Ҳѹĺô
֮ȻˣħٻϹħļıҲˣڵ˽ʲôӣ˽磬֮кĸһƬ˼ĳ
Ȼ֮ˣħۻţ÷İȫǵĻصΨнħɱ׵׵նݳ
İݣ˵ûСڻУǸС˵Ϊȫġ
ҲȰ˵Žİݣ˵һڷ˵ʮһǰȫԷĵΪκΣա
֮ԶԶʮһЩ˽⣬ҲΪڷĵǰһػš
ǸȻƼϼͣǸõѡ񣬵ȵħ֮ȥѰҷҲ١
˵Ŀ⣬İɿ˽ŵȭͷŷʧĵط
ˣΪ
һߣʶصʵķĻ³һû뵽һССķȻķ˾Ϊ
лʣŵҩ˵ÿһηðŵҩɳµʱ䡣
˫۵ʱѾǰˣԴ˫Ŵɳ˯˹ȥ
飬һǹ𣬾˯еԴ
ˣ˲̤벽
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ǵԴͷĵĶߣԴ򿪶ԽʾŵĹӶУŴ򿪵һ̣ǿ˸ոķġ
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ģ
ǼǰҪӵڻУȴԴ档
ԴǮ׬ѵ˵֪ԴϵʱҸ˽ǣڿҽǹӦҪġ
ˣ
ǱȻġ
ıʾԸΪ˱ʱѷ죬Σյʱ̻ص˶ʮһͣһ
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Դӽ뷿󣬽ǵĿʼ˷ĵϡ
кööҪʷġ
ġ
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һԵԴ˿ǣ۲ϲǰýÿλãôȥ
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ģʲôʱġ
ǵĻڱ˿ƺкܴʣѰڼĵʱһôûΣǽȴŷʲôʱġ
⻰Դò֪ȥ˱һ
ʵϣȷʵ֪ĵĴڣʼҲô飬ֱĪԼǰ˵÷ĻʱмѾԼڱķġ
ֻǣһжزˣֻĿԼİŮԶԼߡ
ԴǼȥ֮˺þãڷĻˣĻˡ
ͷˣ۾˳ɫ֪ǰ˾Ƿģٰķġ
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ҽǵԭ򲢲鸴ȼΣ̽ľӢż˵ĿƼ
ҵ㻹ûлش𡣡
ĵĻԵЩĮ˵ӡ֮УǰķĺϲǣΪ˽ǽϴֳΪһͨͨŮˡ
ϧվûкõĽ֡
ʲô
ǿһʱûסδĸղ˵ʲôȵع˷ʵǾ仰
Ҳ̫˼
ǲǺ׷仰˼ʲôʲô쵽ߵ
У֪ôġ
̫̫ҪʷģȻûʱش
磬ִ߿Ƽ̽ѰһЩĳδ֪ҵİ£Ӷһռ䡣
Ϊ˵Ļͽǽʲôһ˼
ܼ򵥣öʮһ͵ĸ߿ƼΪҵ֮ţصԼ֮С
֮ĸֶڽ˵̫İֻ͡
վһߵԴҲǲףһˣǷҪصǸ磬ҽýеĸ߿ƼﵽԼĿġ
һӵġ
֪ĵԴ̫Ů˵Ըˡ
ӷĿǵ֪ѾԽûκθоˡ
ŮذŵӦþ溢ӵĵˡ
ǸʲôڻУ̫
ԴĻе飬ȻĻеϢ֮ʱһ˫ü΢΢ежôıˡ
ߣ
֪иƨðΪԸðŷչƽӣ㲻֪ĵĽĸɱ
Ľֶ㵱ֻģʲôûں޵ġ
ģ㻳ˣ
ֻҪشܻ߲ܵ⣬ĲҪ֪
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ܡ
оĲͷһڴӦ
ˣԼǷ˷̫̫飬ʲô飬ǰǵɽҲĸԸԥĴӦ
ǾС
ĵ˵ͷ뽭˵ҪעһЩ顣
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ҪҵһʮصƮһ׽Ҫ̵ĸ֪
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һǷĲԴͽǶˣת¥Ϣ
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֪ɱµĹӶǼƽˣʵİ
ԴŽǣһ˫ŵ۾µĿŽǣг˱֮ɫ
ͷĴСʶ̫Ů˵һһʲô˼ˡ
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ˣǵ˲ܡ
Ȼİ񣬰ι˵ôô˶ģ
ǲδԴ䳰ȷվԭؿŷʧķ򣬰ŵ˫ȭ΢΢ſеɫǿЦ

742 

742 
ȻǴǰķģҲԭǸŮӡ
ǰڿԼʱ۶ǰֻĮ
̾һת뿪԰ӣִĽ飬ҪϧһС
Ƿ˷ĵģҲǷԼġ
ҹɫ԰ӣ˯еķһλص˰ɫĻС
վڻ£һ˫ɫӿܡ
ϤĻϤĸоȴʮİġ
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ʱһâڲԶǵâɢ֮ʣһɫ˳ڷǰǽİݡ
๫
İݵӰӣĲһеĳǰȥｪİߵʱ򣬱һεıǰ·
๫
ʹĴǲͽİ֮Ľ磬Ҫӵ뽪İݵĻС
һߵĽİô뽫ӱڻС
ˣ
һ罫˷ָУԷ˵ֻܿ˫΢Ĵǡ
żһֽʣֽдһλ
๫㡣
๫ģҺͺӶܺãڶʮһͺܰȫ
๫ҲҪעⰲȫҪΪҵģһȥĵҡ
һµʱ򣬷һ̧ͷʱʲôİݵӰӡ
֮⸡˫ɫУЦţЦΡ
峿
֪ΪΣ֮ķÿһ綼ֳ˲֢ͬ״
ʮݵʱµǽһڵأʱ˯˶ʮһͣһֶ
أһԸԴ㡣
˵̣ܲһߵĲԷǰĸأιˡ
Դˮˮһı顣
ֲȱǮʲôܸŪ˴˵еʲôģ½һϡֶԡ
ȴͨĽֱ̯ϳǮһ⽣Ӷ޸к档
Ի²סô
İԴһۣһԵҨһӵԴС
̣Сүǲ֡
˵Сүֶʱ⽵ζڿڳбŷζѰѰȴһֲͬ
óԣٸһ룡
һ¶ǣԴҪ˵ڶ룬͵С̲˳Եһɶ
СôôóԣҴǰôû֡
޴үһϲôӴƽʳ˵ƽʳıǸء
ţԴҲס̯λԺ󾭳ԡ
ȥģñڸ㡣
ԴԷĿνǶʮСʱţԼߣҲᰲһȺڸڷߡ
Щɱ˷ģļӾͽʮ˻ɱ֮ʱڵķĲͨˣпе˵İ
УĵǷĶ̫˿ֻţ˵עɾͲˣ˵ˣŷкͱҲ֪˷ĹϢȻưոݵġ
ΪЩܱôʱķʲô飬Ҫıǲǡ
Ĵ˻٣˵һҪǷĻ˵׼˭˭ء
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뿪ʱͣ˽Ų֣пֻ׼һ֤
ԭķѾˣȻҲᱻעڵû֤Ļһ鷳飬ԴɵĽ⡣
úúãڣ˵ɶɶ
Դͳпֻ˷ģҸ֪롣
ôôүжǮ
ðɣȶټܷɻ档
ŷĵ٩ЦǵӰʧ˺֮УԴǲ̫ķһ뿪ʾⱣڰб
ʵҲףһоͺͷ˵һĻǰﲻæġ
ϴȻ´ǱҪزǡ
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˵ʵڵ÷һЩЩĲӦ
ʮ飬ֻֽ𡣡
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ֻóɨ룬żˮһ԰
԰еĴүѾʼҲϵĶ
ĳˮõˮǰƽ͵һУ๫Ҳһ¶ʮһ͵ء
Ӱ쵽ҹĶ棬й䣬ڸǷвͬ·ϣʵϻˡ
ᣬڵطû㹻ϡ
ͷ׼ص԰ӡ
ڴʱʮס˷ĵȥ·ɣȺ˻ɱ֡
ϣ
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һȺϣ
ɫ֮£һ˫ɫǱ벻֮⣬ڷǰ˻ɱȫȫûʲô
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컯֮£һȺ˾Ȼ۸һŮӡ
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ʿ
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˻ϴѾ´ޱҪɱ󻼣۸ʲôۡ
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ѽ浱үǰ費ɡ
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Ǭâ֮£ǻףүվҪеúýǡ
컯գ
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˻ɱֿɲСүʲôˣǵĵҪɱɱСү֮ɱҲ١
˲͹˷ģҲͬ͹Сү
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ʿ
ɱֱ߰˰ˣֻ˲ûԱ֮Ⱥɱֲϲ뿪ͳǹ׼Сү
һǹ죬δķӦСүһӵ˵ֱۣڻعʱ㿪ӵǲֱۡ
㻹ǹң
ȥɡ
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СүץסһԿϷķľܣһ˻ɱһǹСүļϣһǹСүһͷݺݵصڵϡ

һ˫ɫӣһӣһǿ׷ɱȫƷˣʮ˾ǱʲôסֽţһĹڵ޷

743 

743 
ʱһǹҲ˵ע⣬ȵ˽ۼʱ򣬷ʹСү뿪˹԰
һǹСүֱ⣬һǹСүĸ
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ۣڹ԰ɽɽۡ
СүһЩԺ֪Լ˵ʲôһ·ֻԼƯڰС
԰һɽɽǺܴɽۺܺҡ
ˣ
ɽ۵ţһʿģ˼ƿţǰԲѵͽܵʱе鱻жôżæԸǽСүȥ
˵СӽѪ֣֮ǲƫƫҪ뿪ۡ
Сүţϵ˿СүԴװʲô
˵˽ղ˳ŻѪ֣֮ɵСӾǲа
𣬶лŮʩƽͻء
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ЦţʾϵضлСүҲΪԼ˵ġ
ϵΪԼͽ˵Ĺϵһʼûע⵽ģɫ԰׷Ů֮ʱ˫һסˡ
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ԣʦǰŮӸûпɱԡ
λѣǺδ
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ѲΪͽռĹ˾ǰλˡ
ЦţǰΧ֪Ҳߡ
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Сȣ֪ϣ˵ͬΪ˴ί
˵ɶʦ㶼˶ĹѪͷˣִӦμӣǲǲ̫ã
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Դһ仰Թ²ۣҪ֪ǰķǸˣӸղǻжϣΪǸɾء
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ԴûĿһ۷ĳ³һ
ص԰ӣǽһļ˷ģ׼µʱȴԴһա
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Yǵļ˶ǰĴ˵Բ鿴һYǵϡ
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Դ֪ĴڣҲʶһЩˡ
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Ȼ֪ǼٵģӦ֪ʲôطҵġ
Ȼ֪ΪⷨҼ洫ġ
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𱻷⻰ŪЩסˣƬ̺Ц
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Ǽסʲôط
㲻Ĵɣ˵̫үү˵ļǮͲһܳܵġ
ңǲǰŮҪķʲôãûȥаô
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һǿ϶ǮƵŮˣΪǸഺˡ
ɻϣֱһҲǰһ̻̲Ů˴ʱ˿Լߣһлضҡ
Ůʲô֣
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Ҳ֪ܸ뿪ҵŮ˻һܰ
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˵̰ôȸ̲ͺYȥˣ֮ǰ֪ܲͨһҲýһ׼ˣ˵˴ỹҪյʱſɶȥˡ
绰һ߲ϵĻԴ߶߶߶߶ͣԹŷģԶ׿绰һͷ˵֮ʱȷ˷һ粻Ůˡ
ҵվϿһ˵һǼٵġ
ɻǸʲôļһܵY
Դһ۷ֻλķ򣬴̲һֱ˻ȻYǵĻYǵĽ
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֪Ļ棬ص̾һֻϣ̫үү̫
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СʲôˣȻϷ˵
鷿һδ̫үŭмǿߵϢϢˣ֮ȴվԭδƶ벽
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ѹ֮е֮ʱľЩ⣬ո̤붫լʱҲΪүԼϢû뵽ȻǴ˾ΪߣȻǸո̤˾׶ΣȴҲصʮһ֮ʱڶõߡ
һɽ۵ϵϵѾ̤˴˾磬κζɽ֮ʱŵϵ
෴鷿еϢƽȻӦڶɽٵʱָʲôѰĴ˾Ϊ߲ͬ
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鷿űһײɣ˲䣬һź·԰׵߳ڷǰ
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СѾͷƬӸո˵ʲô
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̫үԼĻһ˫۾Ķŷģո˵ʲô
Ȼ˾磬ﻹҪĵҩ޲ģһЩҩɷȡе
˵ţĽеһöɫҩóڷڶүӵǰүڿǵҩʱˡ
Ƕү񣬾ĶԱҲסˡ

746 Ƣͷ

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СŮү
ſŵŨѹظԼĶӣǰҪ׽סӳլۡ
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˶ѣլۡĿıǸбǲμYǵ˴ᣬû˵֪֮ŵλá
ҪȻεô

ԣҩ޸ȻڶɽٵʱӦһЩչ㣬ټ϶ɽ֮ʱķ˴Ϊ
˵ţĽеĵҩӸ˶үӣ׼ȷ˵ү濴ȥһĴ˾ΪɣΪǶʮһͣϼ䲻㣬ͬģ̺ϵҩҲʮϡ١
үӶɽ֮ûмʱĻָԴϢʵЩա
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Цţ˫ֶż򣬿ǰߣ˵š
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𡣡
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֪ǰĵŮʲôΪһԶԶܺԼ˵һѾӽĴڡ
Ϊ񣬲ʲô˵ִڣΪǿߣеһľ糬׵Ĵڡ
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ĲΪԼΪүӱԳ𣬷̬ǫ͡
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ǰһ뻹еһһ׷ɢֻʣ·ĶԼүˡ
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ʵ˵ԼҪμYǵ˴ᣬʱ鷳үˡ
Ҫʲôʾǣүӻ˼֪Ҳ٣ܻشһش𡣡
үԭ޵УǶȨߣʴϻۣ׿Խߡ
ʱʦĴߣټ֮屾˴еļ壬ԣ֮Ķ޵ΪܵУö˽ռҪһϮ֮ء
鷿У𱻶үӻš
𣬲֪һ²
ǰ˵Ϊ֮ô
һ۾ͿҪʵ⣬үҲڣ˵ͷ
ȷĴô࣬ΪΪȴ֮޷ȣɽ߱ˣҲݷˣΪǲСѾͷ
˵Ϊ֮߳˴ڵĻôʦһܲĳ
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˵ŹΪ飬үĿתǽȫһ
ǰʼϻۣ˵һ
һĸݶ޵˵ѾͼĴڣʮֵµУүӻ˾磬֪үӽʮݵĻΪĲ˾磬˵֮У봫˵е֮
˼ңҲһҪһ
˵ܻشһڡ
޵ŷʲô⣬߹ɽӾ鲻١
ǰ֪֮š
˵֮ĸ֣үĸֵʱ򻨰׵üͷ΢΢
֮ţʱʦ˵ĸ֣ǿԴԽʱͿռѷ졣
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ү˵ˣռԿֻҪһЩռԼҪ֪顣
лǰ
ˣʱסڶҰɣﵱԼļһ
Ҳûѣס˶ۡ
үǧһҪúõչŷģ˿ĵҪȻСԴ
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үӹЦţͷһЩϵ⣬ɫЩ⣬öͷȥͷ
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үӾȻԷĵ̬ǫͣԣǫЩ΢
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Сӣ㻹ᡣ
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ֻҪסʱúõչŷľͿɣаʧҪȻͷŪѾġ
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ͷӭԼүӣүôῴصķ֮⣬΢΢̾һ֮붫΢һЩΪλԷ̬ȵԭ
СӣڵΪУ̫࣬Ϸô˵ɣ˷ģҺϵ޷оǸˣĻҷ𡣡
үֻ仰ݷĵǿһʼΪԼ˴˾Ѿ˴ܾأڿԼԾɳĮеһɳʯѡ
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Ŷүӣĺ˵һôǿôǿ˽ΪǿҲǶ֡
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үֻ˵ôˣʣµľöغúչŷģһžС
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ǰѣҲãѷڿС
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˵㣬ܴĳԣһЩˮĺҲÿ
Դһͺһ˵ͣȫһԵĶ˱߶ϡ
ˣҪĶҵôүӿɲǺǵˡ
ķĵİΣȻŮ˵ûʲôУô˵ҲڻУһ˲õǲǡ
ԣԴ߲ŻңŷӦûʲô¶
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Ŀһ۶أݸһЦʾл⡣
ӦõģǶĹͣЩӦġ
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ģ㲻ɽһȥɡ
˵ʵȻʮֲϲǣʱĽӴ˽⵽ǶԷΡ
ֽеĶɾܵõģҲҪķһʱ䣬иһΣա
ȴ˴飬Ȼ
Ҳã˴Ҳֻ˵ûۿһһҪúõĹ񫡣
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ÿʮŻٰһΣһξٰĵصԾYǣɶͶϾٰ졣
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ۿ˴Ӽ׷ӿYǵ˶һһүӡ
ϾԶүӵΪԺ˽磬ȻҪݼǰġ
㿴Ǹˣĺ͹ŴƵģⶼʮһˣҪҪôؾɡ
ԴһԿ֣Ųӿ붫ۡǡ
ЩȻˣ˺𣬱ΪǶֱۻ۾ڿҲûʲôĵط
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Դŷֵֹ⣬ҲǳģŻٿ˴ᡣ
ˣ˵˴ǰҹȥ
ԼȥͿˣ㻹ǰĵĴڶң߳ȥӣֻҪҶ߶߶Ϳԡ
Դͷǰ߶߶û꣬⹦һ
Դһ˵ı顣
ιô˲ʶôΪضأ㻹Թңбˣ岻õ֡
˫ֶżԴʾԼĵĻ˵ˡ
ܲԴĵı飬׼뿪լۡԴæվ׼ȥȴֹˡ
һ˾ˡ
ðɣȻ㶼Ҵˣ㡣
ŶǰʧӰԴֻʾӶǺúõıŷģһеΣմڡ
һ˷׷ӿ붫ңʮһȵ˴ҲٿʱһɫӰȺУĿ⿴ŷʧķ򣬴Ц

748 ʲô

748 ʲô
˴ἴУӿYǡ
ȻҲˣԼѰǰչʽȻ˺䶯ɲ׾ٵľܽ顣
˴ῪĻǰһһ˵д䣬еʱûеҩʲô
ȻʱĵҩʮݵĵҩȫʵĴڡ
һֺĹԢУ˶˹Ԣڲ
Ԣоۼ˴ˣ¥ߵټԢˡ
ۼҵķǴ˼ķֻ벻û򲻵ġ
Ҳϵߺţǿ˿ϵĶϲȻҪһЩϲĵһ̯λϰ崵Ķжôô
֪ôⶫɲһĴڣϹ֮ʱķڴɽڳģǼڳ˾⣬ǾԲὫȥġ
̯λϵϰ˵ҪôажôаվȺпŹ̨ϵķѰĲͬ渽һЩҲǼٲֶѡ
ϸĿŷϣҪһ·ʱϰȴСһ
ۼⷨˣֻ֮ѪſԴҪȻù˵ġ
ôô
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СڶʮһȻǸöϾʮȴضǡ
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ϰղŲ˵Ǵɽڳķôôֺķ˲Ѫ
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ڷʱǧࡣ
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ڰźõλϣĺһˮʦķ
Ȼʿ۵ķֱ㲻ǷƷǷϱһ·ķࡣ
ҲЩĺ棬յ˵ʮһ͸ܴĶ
һɽ۷ֵλҲҾͲ˵ˣûе׼ۣ߼۵á
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ڹŴỹڶʮһֻͣҪκÿټʦݣ˴Ѵѳֹ
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ιôţж峤ô˵ˣҲʮˣҶôҲˡ
µҪôĳжôĳ˱ЦЦռһǶǶǲֻܿϷϷͺá
²ؿڵĻᣬìͷָ˷ġ
ƣǺʲôľɫŮǵöģϧΪ˲һЦǧ𡣡
˻£˵ĿҲ׷˷ĵϡ
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˵Ȼīס˴벿ѿ׷Ůɫ
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749 װƣκΡ

749 װƣκΡ
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մɽҲǶҵˣҵôǰռѿһҪһ
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մɽѾɵ£ĽепӸʦһӣǬС

750 ͨ

750 ͨ
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ռȻ˽еĵλ綫壬ھʵԼմɽʵϣȫء
˵˽˵ֻɽ۵ϵүүԼүմɽһս
ڣĿ׷ŮһƵУˣһմɽȻֵضûУô˰Ϊ
Ů˵ǺηʥȻֲ
ɵã˵ߴӷ˻ת򶫷ء
ʱĶ˫ֶż˫ۿΪϵմɽƺǲͬ顣
Ϊߣǵմɽ־˵һдĺ޻֮ѾʧϣοǷΪҲ֪ȻֱҪմɽռҵ峤˽λѾų裬ˡ
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ӻ᳡ϷһĻĻºմɽȫѰ·ûѾռĶˡ
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ңӮ˴ھ˻úܶܶ벻ĽƷʲôƷĸġ
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ӵһ㿪ʼһֱ˵ڶʮ㣬һ·ͨ衣
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751 λö

751 λö
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ԴǬ֮ΪӣһΣϹŴ֪Լһʮһ͵ǻжôĸЦ
еӣǼǰϹŴӦˣɲ֪ΪĳϣӦǴ֮硣
Ƿĵ룬ҲΨ˵ѾǬΪλǰԭˡ
ԣŻӨӨѰǬϢѰ֮ŵľλá
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֮󣬶˻صᣬһ·˵ʦΡ
Ǽһʲôõĵط
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ĸո뿪ᣬ㱻һסȥ·
ӳıԼܼģ˹ߵ˷ǰ
ʦǼ룬ʦһǰּҡ
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طʦĻּҵĹܼңʦһˣѧУߵּҶᴦ׵
ܼûκζ⣬̬ë¿ǰϹܼңǵĿʲô
ϹܼҵĻش൱ٷһжȷǰּ֮ſ˵
˵л飬ּ峤Ѿʱˡ
ðɣȻ˱һˡ
𣬶ҡ
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ּҵʲôĻּҲҪˡ
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ңҲʲôѧУߵּһᴦ׵
Сʱĳ̣Ķ˯һȵ֮ͣ󣬵һ׮ǰ
ʦ˱ã峤ѾȺʱˡ

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Ŷһ˸Ƿķ˳ڹּܼҵԺС
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ĸϹܼҽ鷿ԶԶر㿴һ׺ëֽ֡
߿֮󣬼д֡

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ע⵽ĵĿ⣬ּ峤ƵЦЦ
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ӻóŵҩĽȥʱ䣬ԭѾݽߵΪ籼Ĵ󺣲ϵػ㼯š
Դһᷢʲô鶼Ҫ뿪Ѿ˽硣
磬أզأ
ԴҿûΪĽǸʲôӵĶǺĿеĽ羿ʲôӡ
ԴȴܿһɫĹâΧм䣬ΪľǱ֮˼޹ŽԶ˶ڽ֮С
ˣһҪע⡣
ȥ֮ǰĲòԴҪע顣
Դͷ֤Ⱥ˾Բܣĺκ鷳ġ
߰ɡ
ǵԼأСһ㡣
ԴǧҪСССģŶ˽ԶȥӰԴ˽ü
׼üһ¶Ҫʲô¶ӺѾģ
ǣϰ壡
ԴһοɲǿֶװΪ߿ƼľȻûзΪִ
һߣĺѾƽ̹ɳĮġ
ϷλãҲ̤ͬ˷ӡ֮ء
СһЩһῴɫ¡
ǣ𣡡
Ըоһѹһ޷ݵѹָо˶Ҫ˷ӿѹˣͬʱƻһ˫εĴֽţֻҪԷһԼڷַ̡
ࣿԣߣ
ʱһͳصܣ̺֮ǿХ
˫ָ󣬸Ž²ϷɳĮɫⶢǽǰȻ
ֻ©һԴԴһô󣬿֪һӴ
ߣ̤𾳣
￴ŷģһ˫޴۾Ӧǰ˵Ӱӡ
ߣ֮
Ļܻ˵ԼΪڵҩ£ڵΪȻûе𾳴ԲҲ޼
Դ˾۷Ȼ塣
û뵽绹Ϊ˴ڡ
Ȼû뵽ĵΪ֮ϣȻܸܵǰ׷Ů˵ǿ󣬿ϣ˾۷嶼Ѱһ˵۷֮ˡ
ĿΪΣ
ԾɶŷģĿмֽ
ݣֻҪݡ
ҪȥڵĽ䣬ҲֻݵҩЧܴﵽȥЧ޽ᱻĥҲԸ⿴Ľ
ݣΪƾ𾳵Ϊܴô
ž޴۾еƺ֮⡣
ӡ֮֮ãϵµ޷ǣֻҪʱ䣬Ϳ̤𾳣һͿ˱ˣ
Ĵж˺⣬һ޷Ӧݵĳޡ
һǰȴסˡ
ް
ʾ֣ȻˣһҪõݡ
ιзӦòְɡ
ǰݾ޴зֱӿڽŴз
ȻǲϲĶĳƺ
ҽз
ззô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ˫ֶż򣬿ǰԼƺΪз۷ŭ
Ȼ֪ˣҲע⡣
ò˵ѩƺǸһ½ڼһʧз
ǿǿκζ̲ǿԣܶ߶ϲץסзΪĲϣȫﵱ¾Ʋˡ
зʮǿ󣬶ޱȼӲǣԵǿĹ
ˣΪ̰ǾҲҪззһЩԭΪͲƷûɶ̫Ĳ
лѾ˵ħޣȴƫƫע⵽зļأܵʱˡ
ҲΪˣǰʮмŵз
ôڶʮһͣ
¿ǰĴзΪʲôֵط
зδشĵ⣬֮ǽĿ
ⶼһУñݵע⣬ھ𾳵ΪҲ޷ɳĮ
зĺȺɶ߹Ϊͬһˡ
ǰ˰֣ʾԼĿֻݡ
ιһɺá
ĵ̬ȺͣȫûҪܵͷǲ⡣
Ӵҩǰ˵Ȼ
ףûʸס
зҲľ;ܾ˷ġ
඼Ǳ޳ܵļһΪߵĻԼҲ磬Ϊʱ߷ӡǧʱ䡣
зŭ̬ȣ֣һӣһǿзϡ
Ȼǵļ̷赲ˣ𶯵зۡ
Ҫֻ֪˲һֵ㲹壬Ƿַӵ顣
İзһۣӦöЩûθڣҲӦøīѩƺͰѩԼߣҪȻ׵ʸûоͻᱻʳ峴ըŻıɲˡ

771 ȴ

771 ȴ
㵱ôǳصģȻҵΪ㣬ǽˣ˭Ҳ뿪ɳĮ
ӷĳֵʱз̬ȾʮֵǿӲΪĵΪ̫ǿԼӡһȥȺŪ
ƾô
һǿѹ֮䣬ıڵз
㽻ףѡȥѡ
ԸзҪһʮǿ󣬸ղŵǻҩĻѪˣзȻûɶ¡
İĻзһ߿־һŭһ˫ǯҲɳзӿ·һὫĺǣסһ㡣
֮ǰŮ۷ģӦ˵֡
˵Լֵʱзһסˡ
һ˫۾µĿŷģĶǻɡ
ƭҡ
Ҫƭ㡣
˫¸󣬷ĿǰȻﻺĿ˵ԼĽס
һʱ䱾صԪ磬ȻԽһأǰᣬݽ𡣡
Ԫ磿֪ԪĴڣ
һĿ˵Ԫз˲䲻
ȻǴԪȥʮݵʱΪһЩű֮ǣ˶ʮһ͡
˵ԼΪλʮһ͵ɣӷĿϤĴзѾȫȫŷĺͬһʱյĴڡ
㣬Ļһشȥұӡţ
ǧ꣬зôƳӡصԪ磬ҪҵǸ
ģΪ֤ԣֻҪзݽ뱾ȻзһصԪ硣
ԣ˵֮ǰзЩʵĻ֮£зѾٻʲôˡ
ڼįǧʱͬһʱյˣз໵һ˳ŵԴ˷׷׾ۼ񾭣׼ȥڷֹ̧ûսһĻ
зһ˫۾У鲻ϵ޵һҡ
Ǹ˵ߣƭ˵ʲôóԵģ˵һЩʲôвеĻҾͱ׷ɱұӡ硣
з˵Լαƭڱݺ䵽ⲽصĹ̡
зԼҵĹľܵرŵȻģʵ˫ֽ߬һЦ⡣
һԵǱȥñӴϣЦĲ
ΪҪսһȫȫû뵽׶ʵȴǸȴȵĶɵӡ
ҲİǰзȻ׾ٵߵĻеǮƭд¾Ʋˡ
ҧ촽ԼЦ
зϵʮֱˣɷͬ鲻
У̲סˣ̲סˣ


һЦ˳ȻҲıЦˣ˹ЦͣзĵٴܵصĴ
֪зһΪʲôƵˣΪʵļֵΪΪзһһ̫ˡ
зһѾˣôͶһȺĵΪ
嶼ΪöһЩԭзһΪȴȵİԼˡ
ĸܵз˫ˮ۾е֮⣬ǿЦ⡣
ǸǸиЦͣ֡
Σֽӡֻ֮󣬽зķӡ˲ʧ
õɵзǸֵĹʿһ㣬ɳڵĳš
ǰ¿Ȼ˲۽ǵˮ
ܻҲǸ漣ˡ
ǰȫǸ漣
ҪԿзǸߣӡУҪȻԣͳΪ˱˵¾Ʋˡ
ĺ˵зʱ򣬷з˷ǰԵһԴ϶һŷɫâĲݡ
ˡ
зѾȫȫηģĸԸĽݽ
֮£ŷĲᱳ塣
㷸ѣǰôӴ󣬲һصXǰɣһһֻŵġ
зʱ鷳ڽָˣȱȥ֮ȻὫͷų
õģл𡣡
һâɢ֮Ȼʧ
ɴ˫ۿŲĿŷԼеǸָ
зأ
ڽָС
ҡָߵĽָԴΪ֮󣬽ָĴռǴװһзǲġ
ˣˣǻXǡ
صӪأԴϸϸļŷǷˡ
Ǹзأզһ˲ʧأ
ԴĿŷģȻ֪зڷеĽָ档
׼ֵǳһһأѾ׼ˣҲûɶ֮ذ
ĿһԴ˵бŵԼһ԰ڷŵĵҩһλţЩҲյ˽ָ֮С
ԲۣҵأЩɶһ˸߼ǮӺ˻ġ
ڹˡ
ЦţϵЦжôԨһΡ
ݺݵ³һԴֻиŷĲҪ
һϷɻ뿪ɳĮȻصX԰Ѿǵڶˡ
ȥϢһ°ɣһʱ
㵣ķĵ壬ڵŮۣǿΪҲǸŮˡ
ôһ˵ĻЩƣˡ
ţ׼һЩ֮ڵĽ䡣
˵ţĻص˷ϴһڴ˯˹ȥ
˯еķֻص˻磬ͨ쾳Լ˵ҩ˫£һγԪڡ
ʲô
ĳֵĺͻȻþ۾˶һ
ˣħ޵⡣
İǰִḧŻա
ĸо¶ȣɴӽİо˰ᡣ
๫˼ҪҪҪٸ߸ߡ
ãҪʲôΪ򶼸
ŻܲܲҪôģǰ
īһŶҪ³ˣôǸĲë
ˣǲڶʮһ˭
Ī˷֮˺ǲ⣬Ψнİݻ˵˹֡
ˣΪµĿɶԡ
๫˶ʮһͶΪ˼ҵĵճ
ĽԼ˹ĵ˵ҽɳĮзһҲ֪ˡ
ɳĮ֮ʣоǹ֮⣬֮з֮һǲЦ
ˣзôóô
ѩɴ˫ΣŰѩķǳĿŻеСһ
ҪʲôĻ뱾˵

772 һ֪ټ

772  һ֪ټ
ҲΪħŵԪ磬Ҵ˽˹ֿͬħϮ
ˣڷ飬֮ʱΪȻҪˡ
ǰȻӣİֻеǡ
İݵӷʲô⣬ڻУ˵飬Եֿе飬ΨҲܲסʧȥĵʹࡣ
֪ˣ๫ģһúõչԼԼˡ
ı֤ԼԲ³çýİе֮ԼһЩ
ΪҩĹϵһηʱ䳤࣬һʧ֮󣬻еĻʧ
֮ʱɫ԰׵Ĺޡ
ˡ
ᣬ³ģ޿ŷ˯ۣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
εʲôˣЦĺ𡣡
ε˺ܶȤ顣
֣Ź޵Դ
ˣϴһ¾͸ȥ䡣
ģ
۵ΣĵСһ㸧ţָоʮ˲ʡ
ȻԼŰ꣬ϾĹġ
֪֪㳤ôɰһʱԿס
ò˵ǹŴĻֻа͵ĹޣöһһȵĿΡ
ڹֻа֮꣬һΪһľɫС
֮Ϥһ£嵭࣬׼Ϊ޴Ľ䡣
˼үӺͶүӵ˶ѾۼڴУ۾ĿתĿŷȥڵĽ䡣
үӣĽǴӺζ
һֱҪ⣬κʱˣԲûʳڡ
үҲҡҡͷʾԼ֪Ľôһ£˵Դ֮󣬱һʱĹȥͬʱҲŽĸ֣ÿһν䷢Сʹۡ
үү߱ǧɽˮҲѰ󲻵ҽβֻĿСӱʹĥţֱָȥ
񣬱˵ռСӵ壬үԾɽ޵Լһš
ҷһ£ڵĽӦĸ塣
Ļջеȷɵ˵Լжϡ
һʼҲΪݺޣ˽䣬䷨ӦĸŴ
үӣ޵ĸǺδ֮ˣ
ɷôһ˵ү˲Ȼ
ֲãҶϱһصĲ䣬ֻҺҶ֪ʱϱѲСӡ
֮󣬹˼ҳʧֻ¹˼үӺ׵СӶΪ
ֻ˼ҳӴ˲£ʵףԼȥزΪӸ
ôʱȥˣӻûлҲΪĥ뿪
΢΢̾һүӵĿ˹޵ϡ
зڵĽɡ
ȻġǱľѣԴһ¡
Ŀʼִݣһֲҩ뱣һĻУȻ뿪ȻٿήʱûʲôЧˣ˵Ľ䡣
ķʽܸӣÿһ趼ҪСĵӦԡ
Сʱʱ䣬ھξʹĥ֮󣬹ĽɢһѪӿڴĽҲֶ
վСʱҲƣЩʾ㽫ԵĹͻطϢԼҲɶԴݹ׿
Ⱥȿˮɣһиѧ˼ôƴʦôô
ԴЩ۷ģҲ׹еĵλԼʲô¶ĻҲȻ᲻һеΪǡ
Ƿģ濴ƵȻĮʵ϶û˵
֪
ЩЦЦĿ˿Դ
鶼ҵô
ô֪
ԴüͷŷģŮΪɶͻȻʳ⣬ˣô
ҸӦ
Դһۣ᲻֪еԼʲô
ȻӶѾҵˣȹ޻ָ֮ʱҲǸ뿪
׼һЩʳҪȥ
ҪҪŪͳУзЩ߼ָ档
һ磬Դľۡ
ǿΪ߾˵Ҳûж٣ǻ˸߼ǮŪġ
񱻷Ů˾ˣ˵ˣӵҲԼһš
۹ۣ˷ĵҪûѾǲܵˣԴֻð̾뿪԰ӣȥ׼ҪĶ
һԣ㿴ŷƺлҪ˵һ㡣
ҲҪ˵ʲô㿪ڣһ˵˻
ԪʮԼħ翹⣬ħޣһȥĻȻ絽ǣ
뷨һ²ͬĿռ䣬ǴǰĻû⡣
ħʮݿսѾĲɿԼȥĻȻⷢ
ȻܴصԪʮݣͬ԰
һӣһϾӽָǰ
ǰɢɫâϾ֮һ㣬˷֮⣬δǿ
Ͼ͸㣬㹻̤뾳żˣһҪú
Ͼؾ龧ԺŨϣʣԺܺõһöϾ
Ȼǲ㣬ϾʮݵĴ൱ڶʮһ͵ҡ
л𡣡
ֻҪסħޣɣҲţջãã˺Լ޶
ĵĻһžʯˮըѿһһ
ͨһ㵥ϥ˷ǰһַĵ𾴡
ûججѪ֪ʿС
жϥлƽԵ֣񡣡
㣬ʮװƵĻһһֵС
īߵĻһ۾Цŷģ˵ּ䲻ҪĻţƴˣ
Ϊ޽䣬һЩΪɳ˯˹ȥ
Уվڻ֮ûпİݵˣһѪȲҲ̶õ˼
ħѹ֮Ļ棬ɱԭƽļ԰ħ֮±ôݲһƬ
һ֪˯˶ð
ȵ֮ʱѾһ峿ˡ
Ҳ֪˭˷Ϣ֮ʱϣů֮ʡ
գҲ֮ա
Ѿ룬Ľӵ뵽ǬУԭҰɢŵâǬȻâʢ
ȥYǰɡ
Դ˳Ŀһ԰еˣǸֳһĨЦ⣬ڿŹ޵ʱ
һ֪ܼ棬ڶʮһͺúõػţܼ˴ˡ

773 ñ˶

773  ñ˶
ӵкܳ
ţԹ޵ʣҲһ̤;ʱǻһ㲻֪һǶ֮
޲δģССǴǰһҪȥĶǰĳκζߵĲ֮࣬£ֻջ֡
һεΪһҵ㡣
ڳϵķģ޶뽫Լߡ
ܣ֪ԼҪȥ
Ǿ仰ԼͷĻһμġ
˳뿪԰ӣYǵķʻȥ
Դһ۷ģĿ˵еĲᡣ
᲻ùô
š
ģñ˶ãȴʮݵٻͺˣ͵Զˡ
Դŷģų
أһ뿪һܾͳɻˡ
˵Ů˵ģʲôгɻˣô׳׳ɻҡ
²
˵ҲûˣߣҲûκе֣֮ȴԻϰǧ֮꣬վвġ
˵Լܵһ˵Ѿ㹻ˣҪôĵġ
ԴĻһ
һ⣬Թй𣬳֪̬͹ˡ
ǧ£ͽͺˡ
ֻҪֵڱɡ
ˣҪĶҶ׼ˡ
ԴųŷĳŻȥȵY֮ʱѾȺʱˡ
ӨӨָ˺ܶ࣬ŷĵĵеĻϲѡ
㣬ˣҴȥ֮š
ӨӨռ˽յĻ棬Ҳ˵ָΪȥһ·
˴·ԴYǺɽһѨ֮ڡ
ѨƺӦʲôɢŵĹâĽеǬ˳ڰС
ǶŽľˮǬɢҫ۵Ĺâǹâȫʢ֮ʣһɫĴųǰ
֮ţӸĳڡ
ȥɣ㲻õĹǣһһձչһա
Դ˻֣ʾ뿪
ڷ̤֮ŵǰһ̣Դס˷ġ
һ£һһ⣬ʮ꣬㵽û˵Ļ
ŶԴתͷָԴһĨЦ⡣
¡
£̤֮ţʧǰ
ŷĵʧ֮ҲʧһȻԭӡ
ЦеζԴʼ硣
С֪ͷı˶ٴΣκھǶ硣
ʮ꣬Ѥ̻ʷɺã˲һеɱ¾ƽӡ
̻̫ûĵĻش

ʱһԵӨӨĿԴ
壬˦˰ɣû¶ô౻˦ξϰˡ
СѾͷôô񶾡
ӨӨţԴһħɵı鿴СѾͷСƨͻͦ
˶һףö͵ı鿴Դ
ɶûб˦ӿǹӶĵһѽΣ˧Ǯã׷ҵŮųš
ţҶãԴϵܾͲٶ˵ˣŮϵռһԣһԵߡ
峤οԴԴΡ
ãٿĪ磬ƺҲϴԼ˦ʵˡ
һߣĽ֮źһƬããĺڰ֮С
ǲǵģ㿴һһĶ֮ų֣һʧǰ
֮ŵĽ紦ߴһǺǲתġ
ڣѰָվһ֮ǰ
ȷվȽŲֻһĽ¶ʱ˶ʧһϵ䡣
ڣ֪׹˶ãһƬڰڴ֮ڳ˹â
һˤ˵ϣ֮ǰΪ֧˽磬һˤһ̲ࡣ
¡
ٶ̫죬ʧصת˺þãʱ˿̵ķĴ֮ûб뷨
Ż
ڣҲѹƲסθӿϵĸоĴ֭¹ˡ
ˣ
ˡ
ԲۣЦذɡ
ģ
Сģ
ģ
һһϤӶ߻Ѱ̧ͷܣſΧˡ
˽İݽīѩƺ½Ԫ֮⣬ħ½̫ӣƵˣԼΧɽҰ˽ʿħ
˵զ֮ѵ˵͵սô
ʵһĻҪţһ򱶡
ħս֮ʱֻһѤĹâƲ㽵ڵϣŵĻоҵ׵ӿš
׵ʧؼâʧ֮һͷ׷ɫ˫ŶTŮ˳ǰʼ²ֹ
˵һĻǽİסˣ½ˡ
½û뵽Ļţ֮һʧؼôôǰ
๫
µ߻أԴŻعŽİ˹ȥ
ˡ
ŷ뻳ӣİݽؽڻУϢзӿź⡣
ֻб˴ˣ·ؼһжһ㡣
ﶼһִ̣㲵գŽİݰ׵ͷ۲ѡ
๫㣬ʱʱ̶̿㡣
Ϊֺʱ㣬ÿһÿһ롣
ŻΪʵ¶ȣİݵܰ
ˡ
ڡ
ˡ
ڣ๫
ˡ
๫๫ڣһֱڡ
İһһĽŷˣһһӦţܰĻȴǶĵĽīֱθ
Ǹͬ־ǣҪƻǷ޶žۣܲ˶ӿôսëĶ
īĲƻİݺͷķ޶ž۵û档
ǣֳܷܲսսս
ַҪսôǲ̫ˣ
๫ȴ˵зæī⡣
ͷųзȻһ˷ܲѣܵϤϣֹ֮Ȼ
ص޼᲻ݣз໵һɤӳǰȥ˽ҲڱĴ¸зǰ
ҵĸԹ԰Ǵĺö뿪ʱⶫɲƸͼֽû뵽
˷ĺͽī֮⣬ڳûϵ÷ĴӽָӳЩֵֹĶʲô
ⶫʲô
ѩƺǺĿʼоѧŷĺͽīƼǹ
þûĪһˣΪⶫء
ī˷֮⣬ȿŮҪ˷ܰٱ
ϾЩǷĺͽīǰԷļһǵͬ飬һοʮһ͸߾ܲ

774 ¸зȰ

774 ¸зȰ
ⶫǺ⣬׼ˣȻ۶
һ죬ǹбŷӵԼٶħôԶľ룬ЩħһƬ
ƺ½ԪԼҲһ֧ǹеĻŻͲڽīָ½ӵȥ
磬𡭡ȫûġ
ڱҪҩʱҺýīʱֹ˱壬ҪȻһ֮ʿᱻԼ
ۣгˣǲ
Ҳ׷ΪλͻȻ֣Զħ룬ӳ飬һʱ
ġ
ʱ½ص֮䣬ŷĵ֡
̧ͷѰȥһĲͷ
ɶ¶ƨ
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Դĳ֮ʱ½߱ڷϴδƿһ޷ݵУ쳣ĸӡ
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ŮǼ޴ˣǾһӵ¶׻˵úŮ¼޴ɣöԡʲôҲ˵˸ϽԷɣҵЪţߡ
ջƶȺĲ˷˵СջƷǲζҲɡ
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780 ڵ

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ʶ˱е̸ı˹ƣñȸղŸ͵Ƭ̲ͣĿȥ
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߳īߺڣԣССĽıѧһҭ˵ĻΪ˱ԼҺӳΪ磬ĺͽİݷ޶˲òԽī˽
ûʲôش飬ˮ³ֻһǱǴȡ
صʵ̴󺺱Ϸˣĸǻð
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󺺶ͷ
ôīء
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еĺڵսǿΪɶȺô
ʧȥȤĽĲ͵̴ȥ˸ӽϿջﳤȥ

781 ˧

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Сʱ˵׺͵ʱĹ£ʮ
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ĲûжԺ˲κο־壬֪֪֮˭ءǰơ
ʵЩס˵һͷˮЩ޷ӦԾ˼ά
һҲʱ䵽ˣ˵ز˾Ҫȥ
֮ǰ˽һ仰ǷžٶǸ⡣
Σգÿ˶һ
һ仰˴Ӵ˳ȥʧ˳֮䡣
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ãã˺ǧС磬Ȼүү˵ҪҪԵ˭֪֮Ǻµʱ䡣

֣˵ʲôʱҵǸ֮˰
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һֱճǵĴй䣬İճүү˵Ǹ֮ҪԵĻҪԵ

ε̾һҿٰġ
ڴʱԶΧ۵Ⱥס˽ĵȥ·ͬʱһֵҲΧ˾ۼԽԽࡣ
ôװ׾ĹҪ̣ˣǿúܰ
˭˵أҪǱ󺺸°ˣ³һҡ
ȥˣǮǮԲĹﱻߡ
컯ǿŮǷ찡
Χ۵ȺһһһԼ֮飬еóǮ˿Ůǰ
ƾɳȹŮڵϣһһϢӡ
Ůǰһ󺺽ץסŮֱۣҪߡ
ӸβǮӽԺӵˡ
үңҸزСŮֲġ
ŮҪѴ󺺵˫֣ССֵܵסǴ󺺵û˵仰ͱ󺺸׼ߡ
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ȻŮĵ˱ų֣˭֪;ȥһǿҪŮߣȻƴҲô˺Ů
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ܵ˵Լ
ž׺͵飬ǣЩķԼǰֻ±ƣǣ߶ѡ
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һ˫ĿбŷܵĻ棬һССǵûдĵ飬֮ʹΪĸǡ
С֮󣬽ڿջ˯ڶ뿪ճǣڴȥĿԵͺá
үүô˵ˣǾһԵˡ
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һϵ磬ƺûж֮ˣ˵ǵʿܶ࣬һǰǿܲԤʦɶģռһءǰƵ˾ںη
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Ԫ˵ϲСѾͷģ˻ʾ⽪Ŀǰ̸̸ġ
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ʵ⼸ע⽪ĵһһŮȫָ뽭СѾͷƬӣ㱻˻ڰǮ

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ฮǰԺ׷ңƲԺʲô¶ȵԺʱ鷿Ѿȼܴ
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ˣԪ绹磬ܸ֪ϵĴڣ΢Ҳˣɾ޷壬˵Ϣˡ
˵ȫǿ׵̵书

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ޱڴ飬˼ҿջϢ
λۣ֮߹Ϊ֮أ֮ɽµĳУۼ˲Ҫǰϰ֮ˣҲ֮һ
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ĳɱƵĺҴϣһȥҴӳ׵Ļ˹ȥ

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ƻ˳Զʣ˵³ɾͲˡ
Ҵӱһ˹ȥͬеļһ߲ʹȥĺҴһŭŽġ
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˭ǹܲţҪôѣҪô͹Զ㡣
۵Ŀڵϵѣǻ˴ǮŪĶÿһ·Ѷ۶֭ɿ
ϴϴӦûܳ԰ɣ
ߴӼ˵ɢһصϣûմ⼸ˡ
ҴӻԣûƣȺҲҶؼҵô˼ݻ֮뿪˿ջ
ҵѰ
ʵ߽һԺѡĻһҪѡ¥ż䣬Ϊѡһ¥ķ䣬ҪȻ˭֪ᷢʲô顣
ʱһԵӼѵվŴǵѪŽ˫ֱȭ
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ӰóһСӣװŵһӦҽƹߡ
书֮⣬ҲѧϰҽȻûҽЩС˻ǲġ
ҲҪǰϰ֮ˣ
ǣһȹյ֮գСҲһô
ӵĿڽĵϣһ˫ī֮⣬ûκĻýĶӵӡֺ˼֡
ҲҪȥģҪһ𣿡

ӲδһڴӦΪԸƵСһǰڣΪԼݡ
СӷҲˣҵݱض𲻱Ҫ鷳
ʲô鷳ȥͺˣҲڲϤҪӲĻ֮һȥѽ
Ǿ仰иҲԼ¹µĺõö࣬ǰһǸˣԼôɢĵУٺ١
ãСҲӵĽңá

ظ֣ҲԼ֡
ҽнģ滹ֶչˡ
Щˣϵһƾֱ֪ǿԽĵѡ
ˣԼֱ
̸֮£Ҳ˷һĻԭΪΡ
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ؼҵĵӣؼ˵޵Ĵ壬ؼҵűΪԭԳʱʼಡֵܽ˵Ҳһ
ؼҵǶѾϰֻʣһ˻ظ֮£ؼүֻйϵڡ
ˣⲻؼһֱ͵ĺұҵ׼úõ˭֪·ɱ˽ġ
ģҵݱȽ鷳Ĳô
ʲôýģǺҵļô
һȺ˶ѣ֮Щ˲Ƿַӵ顣
УݱҪ鷳֪ٱ
֮ŮװҲΪӱ׵ߣΪ˲ץȥ
˺ˣĻ˵ˣӴԺҶ˾ֵˣиͬͬ
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񣬽ĳǰһеıڰѾþûиܵůˡ
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ļӵӣǰѧ߹ӵܷ׷ɽ֮£㼯֮۵ǰ
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˵߹ڵĹϵ
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ϰһ˵ѣ֮˳ǧ򣬵Ϊֻ޼
һһһҳһϰõ֮ˣǶڴ·Ϻߡ
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Ȼ׵Ϊʵĵȼžۼ֮ء
ҵΪеʣܽҵȵѧԱҲϣΪҶ֮š
ȣµȵʣȵ˿˵ѰûʲôŵĶݾǷ
ԣһֱǷϲľۼء
ϲҲǷŵȣȰ༶һĩνеȼΪµһȡ
ȻǷѣؼ˵Ѫֵҵȡ
ģͣ㡣
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һڴı飬ΪԼһܽ׵ȡ
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ģĩࡣ
ڵӴ˻һ˵߷׷˽ĵϡ
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ͷܱжĩʵǲˣʲôܷϵ̶ֳȡ
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ûоѣ޷ȻôʯͷӦԼϢ
̸צӵģ
ͷöᱻһʯͷ
ıֵ˱ĩ࣬˵Ϊĵβһࡣ
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գһȺŶʮ߰ҵĶڵӵĴǰĩڵĵط
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ֵܣԺˣ㣡

791 ҪǸǶ

791 ҪǸǶ
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ұȼڶһǵĻ֣ҲǰյȼΪѧӦ֡
һ仰˵ǾӢ࣬ͨͷϲİࡣ
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Ҳ˵ĩǱڷһ༶ֻҪĩĵӸˣʱضԾ̸ˣڲţ̲
׵Ȱ༶ҵȰ༶еʦס޵ʦǶһһĴڡ
֮£Ȱ༶޿ɱ֮ԣĩˡ
һյĵʮ˱ֵ˱ĩ࣬озԼԸҵȰĩ
ʮ˱ڵĵ쵽˺ɽУǰҰɽ˶ɵˡ
ʦ֣Ǹסĵطô
һɽĿɫǣʮƷӹڰɽýȥ֪ⷿӶ첻첻꣬ȦҪ⡣
ô˵ҲŴ֮ˣʿɱ裬סѣ
ȻǸǾסĵطôˣ뿪ü
ڵӵ̬Ⱥ䵭ȫûнӴ׵ҵȰ༶顣
ߣ̫۸ˣΪѧϰʲôҲˣӲˣ
˵ţһȥ
˵ʧıĩҲ׷ȥʮ˵Ķֻʣˡ
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ڵӿһ۽ˣ̬Ծ䵭Щӡ
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Уʣµ˿˿˴ˣҲҰɽС
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½½Ҳ˻㰲ݵס򵥵ʰһѾҹˡ
׵ȺҵȰ༶ĵȥڿʳòͣҰɽʳҪԽɽҪķѰʱ·̣ȵʳãûˡ
ĩ˶ˣ仰·
ȼշžҰζһȺŮǾۼԣŸȤĻ⡣
˳˽ĺ⣬ŮڲͬĹҡ
˸³̣¼ҵСӣҲǲϲһڡ
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ӢʮһͲǵŮлǴʯŮ
һδ˵˭Ҳ֪ɶֻ֣֪ǴģΪδ˵һֻЦŸˣ³̸˸Եš
߸ˣ߸ͬĹңǿǿǴӻġ
Թκʯһĩ߹ķϲģҲʷټһĻ
ԺҪɽˣҲеʦǡ
³˫Դ棬ڵε̾Ϣš
³̵ĻǲɸıʵǱֵ˱ĩ࣬Уĩ˸ûдڵļֵҪȻβİ༶ôڡ
ˣҲҪŬϰȺ˿³̲Ǻ۸ġ
κκͶԸⱻϲģʵȴǸصһ⣬źͷϲ֮вġ
ҪͨԼŬΪĽĴڣǳ롣
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Ŵ飬һԼԶ֮󣬷׷׻صԼϢȴµһ쵽
գɽеĿ쳣ʡ
ɽɼ緹õʳģһ˽ġ
磬ΪɶһҪקҳһû˯
峿ɽʳʣѵ㲻Ģô
һгԵģ˫Ź⣬߶ʮһժĢҲûжȫС
ɫĢһ˫īΡ
ģ㻹Ϣɡ
ԽԽңЩڽһɼĢˡ
ѽôȻмĢ۰
ͷЦţ͸ּҶ۲ԶĺϣԵҫѤĹâ
ʱѰ⿴ȥҲ֪ǲԼĴȻں뿴һϴ衣
˳ʣӰȥļѣ۹ĳºۡ
ģڿʲô
㿴иϴ衣
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ô
ûϴ谡᲻ǽӴ̫ĶĢ˶
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һο棬µĺƽĺܣӦ˰ɡ

һߴﹾĵһ˫۾ҪôжôĿ
磬ҪԷ
úúãȥôܲģ
Īģ˵ı飬ʲôײһ㡣
عűıĽģ˻ص˼ªס
緹ĢʣҰζ֮ζʤǰ
ҪǸӣ׵̤ż
һ࣬Ĵָĳգֱеһƴ
ңѾ϶ΪԼרҵƱˡ
ҪǸŮӣ᲻ȢҰ
ЦĻӦһȻı顣
Ȣ˧պã˭Ȣ㶼ˡ
ʲôɶôҲһ£
ĺŵʱ˸³˹
ҵģôˣ
Ķ˹װɰֹ³̵ľٶ
ˣô˵Ҳһ༶ģ˵ҲھӣȼþȼھӼڳʳӦô
³ҪӽжɰκθץĵӰӣ֮۵ġ
Сӣز©
³̺𾪣ĵ书Ȼ֮ߡ
ǣҲ©ĵطأʲô¶ôҳԷ
ˣ㲻˵Ҷˡ
ôһ˵³̲ԼĿġ
ڵʦ˵ˣһڵǣһ͵ˡ
Ǳĩĵʦ
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³̵˵ͷȻ˵ʲôͳڵʦܹһ˽ǣҲǼͺͷӬһײĺá
ţԶһӡ
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ӿ˿³ˣò˵˵ͷ
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ԣһڳΪԼӣī浼ʦ˱ĩࡣ
һ˿վǰߵˣԣûīеǺߵı飬Ůҵĺһģ
īʦ֣ǴǵĴʦô
ţǵģ˵Ǿͽңʱڱĩࡣ
ɶīʦ˵û
˸³̵һҪīܵŵĴҹһ㣬񾪿ֵĿ³̣ĳ˶±ˡ
ʦֻ֣û˵ɶܴܲ
īʦһ־飬֪ĻΪ³̶īʲôõ顣
˵ʵ³̣ĵҲûī˵ʲôֻ˽ʲôʲôġ
Ҳܲµһڳǹ˼ӹ̣˸ǡ
Ǹҡƽ˽ӴŲ˵
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߸˻࿴ű˴ˣ˵̾һ
ȻǰīʦֿȥǸ׵ˣܱûеĺá
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īƿһ۽ĵˣʾ˸ɽ
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ǣҪҵĻ;̸ˣϲĻʲôʸڡ
ǣǻž˷ѿǵۡ
ǣڲҪȺжԶԶɡ
һ˵ĳСҲ塣
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Цţȫûнһ˵Ļϡ
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ֻ˻ûнˣеΪԭеΪӡԲŻᱻŵ˱ĩࡣ
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ڣ˵ƬĴ½ϣֻһְҵ
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Ϊ˵ĻʮӴѾûˣҩʦֲӣٻʦǼ궼Գֵһڡ
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һ仰Ѿû䣬ѡ֮޼󶼷̤֮С
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˵ǵΪŵְҵû֮һ
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Žŵüͷš
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Ҳѡҩʦ㡣
޺ҩʦûǰ;ְҵ
³̺˿˿ģͬ˵޺ҩʦˮְҵû˻ȥѡҲΪϰޡ
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Ľеƶǰŵǹ޺ҩʦ֡
ϼأǧ֮ǰְҵ鲼½вٮٮ߳ưһǧĴս֮У֮սˣֻǧսʿɳ˴Ҳú֮ѡ̤еԽԽ࣬أûˡ
ҩʦһְҵƺôҪһ飬һ˾ҪƣҩʦĴڹغһ˵غǷʸϡ
ٻʦôҲûʲôļأֻǼ򵥵˼䣬ٻʦǧѳһˣٻ¼Эսӵʮǿľ
ص⣬ϵȻûоѣһͨûʲôĲ𣬵ܿõǰ̲ŵ

793 Ϊֹ

793 Ϊֹ
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ڵҪ޿˵ǳһ顣
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ߵɽ壬ϰ֮أ겻еѡޣǻķãұߵĽҩ壬Ҫҩʦһְҵ
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˵ɣǰȥһδϰ֮ؾǸʲô
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ׯµĸߴʯߣʯѾ鲼ˣǰϾɲӶŤУ·һһ
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̾һ³ʾͽİԼһѣȻƵĺǾסķûʲô̫Ĳ𣬵ô˵Ҳպϰĳ˼˼ҲǺõġ
һϵʱ䣬˶ڴɨټ䵽ǽɨһ
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³ʼΪŮӼҼҵĲӦô뺷Ȼǽ֮ŮҲŮңϧûϢ˼Ҳ顣
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Ķǳʶĺܲҡ
˵һ仰Ҳ³̣۾ӦճС˯ȥ
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ģɶģ
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ģû㻹ǸƢϲ
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794 ĺ

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Ĵ˳һ˫Ц̶ĺˣеЦжô䡣
ģ㾹ȻҰ㱾ӡ
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˭˵أ⹷ô˺ˣ
³ҲǰŲӿһ̶еĺǣһҪЩ˳
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콫ȥ
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Ĵ˿ҵһԵӣӵʱȴһСĵʧ̶֣С
ѽֻˣ˼ء
ķǹģϹ˶ܿó
ôźأҪȻȥǵĵʦɣŹһ䣬ΧҰǵŶ
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795 ߾

795 ߾
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ӣͺһǧ鶼ԩԼôϵˡ
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УκȵСҲ
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ĵߵﶼˣκȵĽĺͻ³̵˻ܵͷ
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罪˵ԣ֮˵˵ȥǻûһǮĹϵ
ȻãҪǹӲдĻҲһѵǲǺǵġ
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Ϊ߾߸ĵҲúȺ˱ʲô
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³̲ˣǾû޵ʣֻҪ޶ȻгһճΪ˾Ĵ类һ󳤳濴ĵĸо
⼸Сϣ㲻ܶǡ
Ȼú۾ްĵ˳ˣ˳ˣľˡ
ˣյ͵ɡ
һӣһ˰ΧС
ʧ֮ǰĵĿں۾ϡ
һ֮أһȡߵݾơ
£ĵһγڵһʯǰ뿪˺
ϵˮδվĵֱһģ
ǰʪܵˣ̾һ
ʱ֮ݡ
ʱɫѾ֮ͣʱ
¹ڽ˵ϣʱ֮ݣѾ׼뽪
˰ɣʲôȺ˽֮Ҳ١
һ۾Ϳ˽еζʾ⼸Ⱥ˽ȻļúܣǸȾ˷纮ɲˡ
ĶŽ½ʱһůӴݼ뵽θȫ
ʲôʵʾˡ
֮ôħޣ
յ˵ޣħ޲ҪԸĶôô޵֮أ֮ص󣬸νͲǣ
ħޣ˭Щħˣ
Ȼ֪֮һУҲ֪ĵ˾ʲô顣
ħޣɶ
³̸ǲˣôǰħѲɻС
Ȳ˵Щ⣬ͷǣһν֮صĿΪʲô
ûлشĺ³̵⣬Žģȥ֮صĿΪΡ
ȻҪ֮ʵһʱѧʽ
һ˵˲ֹס˻
ҲΪʲôôˡ
֮Σգδʹʲôȫһš
۵׵ɫСѾͷҲԼʲô˼
ŵҲǣֻԼмйΪڲԻ
̾һʱദ⼸СһҲϲ
ȻΪе߸ӣŵȻҪνһЩѧ
ڽЩС޵ʱ򣬻Ҫȴһǵźã֪Ϊߵغ
˾Ľ̻壬Ҳûд˴ִУΪԼΪ
ˣˣҲһЩ飬ʼͷӾǵʦ޺ˡ
һôһ˵ˢˢ̧ͷ
ļٵģԸô
Ȼ弸ͬ߸ӣͷҲܶԲĸλҰ
ʵʱ棬һֱڿ鼸˵ԡ
ϾʱѾûʲôϰˣԴһδս֮֮˼ټ
СһҲ¶ˡ
ôԸͷУ
ԸԸ⣬൱Ը⡣
³̵һͷ˴ϰܱææµµͷӬһϹתƵĺá
ȻѡϰޣҪ峿弯ϣͷǿʼޡ
ǣ
ͬӦš
ҹɫҩУվɽϿŽʧе߸ӣϵЦжôŨˡ

798 ɫ

798 ɫ
ӹҽЦɶ
˵ۻ׵ĺӱӵĿվߵĺڷߡ
ڷҩĳϣ˳ҩ
ҩӦıĿ⣬ɼˣزסеĻϲ
ûκȣӵͽܡ
ҩ˷ָܵԶȥκȣûͽܡ
ܲ㣬ôЦĺͱ̬һ
զ㲻˰ҿóǸͽܶһˣǽǺӣŵǿ󡣡
ҩôһ˵ҲЦЦصҩ塣
˭˵أͽһ޼Ŀӡ
ǣͽҲһҩʦ̩ɽ
ҩ˶ǻ˽ǧˣ˵ҪһҲʮּѡ
Ҫ俴߸ӣҲнյĻԵ
ˣЦǸСһʲô¶
ҩһʲô¶
ҽСһˣҲûˡ
ǹа۷ӡ飬˵ǷӡԽɶˣԤеһĻҲҪ
Ԥԣ˵˿а۷ӡô֮֮ɡ
ҩҡҡͷʾ¶ѾùˣԴǴδս֮Ѿעˡ
ͷ˵ҽͽʲôأҩؼҩɵı죿
ԼȥͷҪȥ˯ˣϿҩ壬ŵϵҩζ¡
ҩҩһϣ˲֮󼪡
һߣصҰɽĽĵڴ˷ܵ˯žһ뵽տʼǵ̤޽׶ΣһԵŵ޷˯
˯ŵĽĳɢɢģűߵ˵պĢĺɽ
һƬ¹֮£ĺڽǰ
ںߣеʯӣʯˮзһ
ʱһ΢紵ź沨ţԭƽĺϾȻ
ϵʱһ˵Ӱڽǰ
˱ŽģһͷīɫĳףǲൽڿԼ˻ع
¹֮£˿ûںˮУһ˫ɫ籦ʯҫۡ
޷ӦݵĿаƾ֮ϵ˽
ⶼ֪ص㣬࿡Ķˡ
壬ɵүүǿ֮ˣýסءǰơ
үү˵ءǰƵ˱֮ˣܰԼ˯Լ뷲̥̤֮
ͨһ˺ˮȥ
Žĵľٶ沨ľеӰҲֱ֣ʧʧǰ
أأι
ҪץסˣҪʸ˾ôʧǰ
ι
ֻнһ˵Եôտ
ղŵһѵԼĻþô
⣬ӭɫһ˫ǲ֮⡣
Ǻˡ
ڴʱһͳԣɽȪ֮ˮ죬ȥеķա
ѰȥĿ⿴ǰŵİӡ
ڰ˿Žĵʱ򣬽ͬҲע
ΪǸղŵӡ
һĨʧ֮⣬ĴӺˮ˳
Ǵ͵ġ
˧ô˧񹲷ߡ
ĲǻգοĶӵ飬Լءǰơ
Ӧһˣת뿪ȥеɫ
ڽʧ֮£˫ֶżЦ
컯ȻһСŮװСѾͷˡ
û˵˲Ĵڣ߹ҪƫƫһŮŮװСѾͷƬڡ
Ҫҽ治˻㣬ǿۼѾͷ˼
ģֻʮ꣬ʵѾˣҲڵĳ֮һ
յĿıѲӷӡ֮أӡ֮صķӡɶЩ˵ĿҲԭ
û뵽Ȼ˺ЦһĻ
޺ۣߵﶼ˾Ĵڣ
Цô
ͳһһ˫Ӽֺ⣬죬ɻֹסЦ⡣
ģӦ߾֮һˡ
ݷĳֵĵصжݣþߴ֮һ
ˣҩ߾ӣ¶֪˰ɡ

799 żģ

799 żģ
ҩʦʦͽô
һƭô
Ҳǲ⣬֪ҩʦʦΪʲô߸Ϊͽܣѵ˵ǽƣ
ҩʦʦ˵ƢٴˣˣҲ֪˼ҵʲô
Ȼӡа۵ķӡɶˡ
꽫ˮŽаѹں׵ķӡڽɢһ˫Ľüš
ѵ˵ԤеҪô
ա
ĵؾ壬ŽõǰռһڼһСǽһ
ͷӸ˵ȻѧҲǵʦ
ԼбҪ⼸С˵
ȻӦ˽ڼѧṳ֮̈УǣԼЩ˵ʦ
Ϊɶ
³̺ǲĿȻӦˣҲǵʦΪʲôȴ˵ʦĻ
ڳռܿ³е飬еļͷ³̵Դϡ
ͷҲ鷳ѣˣҳռߡ
һ³̣һռʱŽĵ뿪壬뿪ڣƳǽһ̶ǰ
ȥɡ
ģ
³̼˿˶ԷһۣȻգ̶ˮɢźȥĻˡ
ȥɣ
֮ͨͨ䣬ģ³̣˱δ˺̶С
ƤӴ̶̶ˮ֮ʣǧٵڲϵشǵĹͷһֱ衣
ҪϰޣҪǿ壬Ҫм͵־
˵ŹһһҪ־
ֻоܵס̶ˮϴ񣬲ܼȥ

Ҳ⺮̶ˮĺһ仰˵ĿŰߵŹӺžƣһڱĺ̶ɪɪ
һݣǰʱʱ䣬ʱڽĵ˵ֱǷ˰ĥ
ˣо͵ˣϵʱǼ
ɶϻҪ
˵Ļ³̵ɴ˫ۡ
˷Ļᣬת뿪ʧڵƽС
ƳǽصѾˡ
ϣĵԾķӹ͸ŵ䡣
͵Ⱥɽµκȶ˶ҩݡ
ɶô˰ģ
ɫ죬ҩɢŵζҲ޷ܡ
Ȱɣ֤ĺ
³̸ȰɣҪȻ壬ҪȾ˷纮ˡ
úúãҺȣ
ǰҪǶҩʲôκŴŴ֮£³̶뽫еҩ֭һ
΢üͷϤҩģҪеҩ䷽ҲȻϤֻ˵ҩ֭ɫӦǴһ͸ҩ֭ôء
˵İһòҶӣҪŻζҲԼݵĲࡣ
˵ȻҩЩʣȴ溮õҩݡ
˵ǲʵˡ
һ仰ڣκȺЦЩ顣
УŲẦء
ôû˱ȶи
ҩʦүүһ飬Ҳǰе䷽õҩݣȻ˵ζɫ˽ܣǱ֤ЧоЧġ
Ȼζµҩ֭θ֮һů֫ٺĺҲɢ
˵˰ĶЧ԰ôоԽԽأ
³̻һӹǣĺ˵ˣܸоһĴҴܡ
ӽŵװһֱͷģǰҲ˺öСǡ
ףôСǣƯ
һ³Ե˹ȥ
⣬ҩˣ
³̵Ĳ飬ҩ
߽ģ³̣˶ҩΪɶֻ³̻˹ȥ𰸾
ȻҩƵĲҩȴÿһҩݶв֢ͬ״
һεҩлһЩͬɷֵҩ
õģѾˡ
κȶһ˵һСϵõ³̾ôǵʵ
ԽԽǾȵƷˡ
ҲͬУɣ
ĶŻûкҩеҩײһ£˾͵ǰ׾ưɡ
ܿģҹ
³ҲûʲôˣֱƳǽĺ̶
˼½ţԼ
̧߼ˮģ³̺Զ˺̶
Ϊϰ˺̶ˮ¶ȣҲΪκȵҩһЩãڵĸоȻûаĴ̹ǡ
Ǽ޵ӣôӦ˺̶ˮ¶ȡ
Цſ佱ŽĵˣЦȴûɵ˸о󱳷
˵ͷҪɶ
׻˵úãһ˵ֱ뵽һ飬ǱԲʲô鷢
ûʲôоˮôԽԽˡ
ҲˮԽԽˡ
Ǻ̶ˮȪ¶ȲԽԽ͡
Ѱһɹɰɫȥ㿴ʹ̶ˮԽԽԭԼס
㣬ڸʲô
ǼϢ֮䣬һԴѾһ˪üëë϶ǰɫıӡ
һеĸɶԴһӽ˺̶ˮ档
˵̶ˮѾ˱飬ɼˮµѾ͵˺ֵز
ûʲôѡ
˼壬ˮ¶Ƚͣһ£ССһűܽټˮ򽵵¶ȣοôһűôСһ̶
Ѿ˵ݼ䲻ϵشǽһ졣
֪Ȼѵ޵ӣ֪ĻΪ￪Ŀء
ʱĥȽϰ¹϶ů͵ĺܡ
һĲǽĵˣκҲų֡
˰æҩֱ͵ǰ
³̣ҩġ
лл
ллֶ˵ȫ³̶ֶವĿߡ
ϣ˺ȥҩֻʮ֮һҩ˵ϡ
ǲϧȵͶɹֻǶָͣǵĻ
ˣѵ͵Ҫ硣

³˿ɥһһ뵽ջҪֿẮĥľһƬƬġ
Σѡ·ҲҪȥ
߸໥ĻصҰɽѾǺҹˡ
ģ˫ƣĽڴϣϱӲӾ˯˹ȥ
ŵҹصż
ʱԶһĽˮ򣬷ĽĵȴŽīĽ
أôû
żķģ˵

800 Ĺ

800 Ĺ
īȻ˷жôĵǣϾǺһžˣҲȥβ˵ġ
ֻ֪һЩϢ⺢ȥһ磬֮ŲһЩϢٸһʱ䣬ҶȻҵġ
Ҳ˵ûҵô
Ľ˫ȭİվڷ࣬ظӵգ
˷ģǵĺӣһ˳ȥȻСĵġ
ԣϸ˵öԣȻĵδѣҸѧ洫
īԼֶŮĹĵģ˵һĸˣҲһܴùֶŮ
ǣֶŮڵûѣ֮ˣǺá
īĵıûеģûпи֮ˣȻΣյġ
ߣĵԼŮΣһߣһ˴׼뿪ڣǰƳǽ⺮̶ܿѵʱ򣬺˶ڴǰƵȺһʱˡ
һκƺѧˣδͷǺǰŮòע⡣
ϺǣⲻǺ񺫴ôôţԣǰʱ享ӵ̶棬˭ˣ
³̿ɲҺʲôˣҲںǰŮʲôݣǿһ˲˳ۡ
ƵĶ׵Ȱ༶ôʲô˲ġ
˲
ұȼΪʶֵĴڣ³̵ôӺƷ⹷Ǳ˵ļ׵Ȱ༶С
ǣֽ˱ĩ࣬Ϊ߾
ϹСһЩǰ漸õ
ǵ̬Щ΢ǰͲſеϹСˡ
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ŮбĿһ۽ĵˣмֲ֮⡣
⼸˾߾ĩǼϹС⣬ǼûõķѣǸ·
Բۣʲôʱ̫࣬˷̵졣
ҲأúõĺҴӲҪ˵Ĺӣôһ˵⺫ҴǸ̫ࡣ
³̺һһϵЦţŭŶˣǰһȭͷҪˡ
ǰЩ¶ջǷȭͷ
ǼϿһȥסϹСĵϹСڳϵֶŮʲ
Ŷ͸˵ˣǺҴӣӢ
Ҳ֣źʵ򽫺ݱ͵Ϊӵĳ̶ȡ
ǵ֪ĺҲŴ壬񺫼ҵĴӾȻ˱΢һŮǰϥհǰźš
ڳֶŮݱȻʲôóԣҪȻҲˡ
ǻ˵ˣȺ˵Ϊ˳ô
Ǿ߾ô
ҹݺһϹĿлǺÿһÿһ仰ж͸¶ű֮ɫǶǵӡ
˵ǼϹоһ޼ֵĴڡ
ش𰡣ϹСǻء
߰ɣһѵʱ䣬֪Ҫˣʲôء
ûϹʾ˸Ͻǰڽĺ̶ѵĿѾĥˣҲ֪ʲôڵǡ
ẫϹһˣ³뿪ڡ
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˽ʲô֡
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ģ
ߣ
һĨЦݸڴ٣Ϲջߣתȥ
ĺҲȥģ֮ʡ
һ뿪ڣڽĺ̶ǰȻѾȺʱһߺžһ߳ռЦǡ
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̾һ³ΪɱеĶȤζӦڽˡ
Ȼº̶֮óһӽ˺̶С
Ҳ˱׼ˮ¶ԽԽߣߵĶҪһ
ҵ찡ҪôǶǻ˰
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컹Ǽ¶ȣͱ˿ˮˡ
ռûԹ׼Ҳô
ƨͷǳ˵ô
һ۽ˣҶΪ˶ǵ־
ҪһĻ־ҪеĵΪǿӲĵزſɡ
¶ȾܲˣԺôܸĴ
ҲûһӾͰˮߵ¶ȣȸһô
³ȫðỤ̋ˮƮɢɼǸղžˮжôĿֲ
ȸǣлҪɱǶ죬дһдҪɱǣ׼ˡ
һ仰³˵ƿԡ
˵ôͻȻ亮̶ˮ˿ʼ˸û׼ô
֮ڷɹ̷ˮĺ̶ˮΣǱ˵ĴϺһǽһͨ͸պ㽷ζܳˡ
ڰɽһſ챻صڡ
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磬һЩҸҩ
ȵĿĵ׵ʱһҲ˲Ƿ̵ĵһƤ
ȣôˣһô£
ĶκùֹѪɢȵ˿ϡ
ʱڴϣ첲϶˿ڣȫ¸ײ
û¶ʱСĴҩˤġ
ǰǣһĨЦ⣬ɾҲǣϵ˿ۡ
㵱Ϲô
һһԲˤˣ˹Ϊ֮
񣿡
ȲµľǺڣгľǺǸ˶ӡ
ȣ˵ôһ¶
ĵĻǸκȳһŶ裬涵Ŀڴ˵κ˵Űʱ֮ǰ顣
Ǵҩ׼صҰɽ˰ҩݣ˭֪صҰɽ·˺һˣɷ˵ǡ
Ϊ˱κȲˣκȻ£Լס˵ȭš
ģҲãûá
κȿ޵ĺ˶һֲκϵۣο
ԣû¶Ȱһ˿ڡ
š
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³̺ݺݵҧû뵽һκ⹷һ۸ǵͷϡ
Ҫ˵һ⹷ͰȵҸˤˣһҪȥԺô㡣

801 

801  
£³վҲҪ³һǰȥҺˡ
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СһЩ
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š
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Ұɽ֮ҪĹɽһʱ·̣Ծĥĸеŭ
¡
׼ʱ򣬱ǰڵ
ⲻǱĩĵط
Һģκȡ
еĺ˿סԼڵӣеı֮
ĵĿעţڵӱûɵķë˵ҲԾĽһЩ
ڵϽ˽
Ͻ˽ˣͲ˽
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ĿŵǰŽĵˣҳκȡ
ڵȼƶȵĴڣĩ˸ûʸ̤һأҲ˵Һ񱨳ҲûȨ
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˶׽ΪʲôЦЦȴǿĵɭɭķ䡣
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һĨЦŨҵĸڴǣһһĴ̨Źؽ졣
ǻŻص壬һ²⡣
óԵĽ˴ĴΪעҲ˵еɱѾŨҵ˶㡣
ɵƯ
³Ե˿Լǰδĺˣȥһǵϡ
ʱҲ֮Уĸ˶սʮ˵̬һʮ˴ǽһ޻֮찡
˵ڵӶɵˣǲûע⵽ĳȥӰڿĸ˱ʮ˵Ļ֮ʱסˡ
ס֣ȷﾹȻҵӡ
ۿźҪڽĵ£һȻ˶ߣŨҵѹΧӲѹס˽ĵ˵ľٶ
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ңԪʦĻӣĴĵӣעǻزȥˡ
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վֱ壬ǿŵѹΪɡ
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Цݸڴǣһ˫Ĳ֮⡣
Ȼ˵
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ǺЦˣǷĻʮӶ򲻹ĸ˵ʦôѧġ
ͬ˫ָ󣬷Ӧ¹⣬۵׵ĺǱ˼֡
Χ۵ԽԽ࣬൱һֵֶģĺʦĶԻȻ˽ĵ³Ϊˡ

˲䣬ΪŨҵ֮ԪʦԴԴϵıŷţ³ԵܲǿϢϥ˵ϣԾһ֮䣬ǿϢѾѹŵѪӿš
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찡ҵСԪʦǴʦļ𣬾ôԶҶ඼ͻͻĺ£ǷﾹȻڡ
ǣҪǻ˵Ļͺ³һڵˣӡ
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ſ޵ѹԽԽǿ󣬽ѪҲԽķӿţһ˫͸Ѫ֮ɫ
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ԪʦͽĽţһϵϢԽŨңһǹʮ˵Ͳ
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ʱīƵһ˫ӿΧīߵԪʦߣظڶ˵ҩĻ
Ƭ֮ԪʦϵϢʮֲʵĿԼŵĽġ
һǺˣԺСһЩ
ʦϢ֮󣬽ĽŲ£³һһҵĲס˽ġ
ģôˡ
³̶ֳܿȣҪǻǵĻſڵˣĴָŽĵľٶǷϲİ೤ˡ
ҪԴӡ
ԣ˵ӣһͷҰ綼Ū
³̵˲Ž׼뿪֮ʱӳǰסǵȥ·
ɶ
ĲĿǰڵӣһı˭ǷǶǮһۡ
ڵϽ˽ǻڵĹأǵ˼˼һµʱ䡣
ûɣǺȶ֡
ǣܺ߰
ڵܵϽĵǲܺߣ˭ȶ֣ٽΪǣԣ˼һµʱ䡣
ģһȺۿ˵͵ļһӳΪһ죬Ǻÿġ
ô˵Ѿע˵ġ
ĸֱӱڵ͵˼˼һһµʱ䡣
ͺͺɽ壬ҵ¹⣬ڷ絲Ĳݣĸ˿˶ԷһȴǴЦ
Ҹ˵ʯϰѺʱǶô˧
³˵ŽĽʱ򣬾ٶжôˡ
԰ûһ±Ƶı飬ˡ
һ뵽ı飬ŶЦͣһԵҲЦš

802 ˼

802  ˼
ǣСүҿģǲǺ˧
˧
൱֮˧
ĴָҲͬ˼
һ¶ҪɽˣԲͺóԵˡ
û¶һµʱôȳȥɶ˵ܹ
Ȼ˼µൽ˼£ĸ˿֣ΪͺͺɽȤζ
һµʱ䣬˵˵̲̣ĸ˵Ǽ尾һôļ尾
ԣĸˣҲ˼¡Ϊиͬͬ˵ıˡ
Ϊ˼µʱǿζǲŹǡ
ǱΪԼ˼¾Ϳˡ
ǰԾһھһĳţһ˫׵üëͻ˼ڼеɳ
˼µķʲôʱôˡ
СĽֻռǰȺС˶Ӹ͵ˡ
ˣ˵Ҳܼ򵥣˼ܶʮȦˡ
ɶȷԼô
³Ŵ첻ղ˵Ļ
˼ܶʮȦ
찡
˼¾һݲĻɽ˼´ȥˡ
˵ˣֻȦѾ۵ˣȻӵ˶ʮȦЦء
զٰаǾʮȦܲ겻׼Էôؾˡ
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ڽĵĴ£˿ʼ˼Ȧ
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κҪнĵҪԵĴӣվһȥ
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㿴ǶֳʲôˣСóԺúȵĹǣ˶١
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ȥͷתҩϲģͷзִ磬ͲϹˣУ
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ѵĽʲôǴţƣҪ˼ʮضû⣬ˣ˻һİһ߽ѵ
صҰɽϤůĴϣָоǻؼһů

˶һ㡣
ɲȽĵ׼ú˯һֲһʱ˯߲㣬īƳǰҴڵĹ㳡ϡ
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㼸ǧ˶ۼڹ㳡ϣЩ˶յһӣӼ׵ȵҵڵǱĩ߸˶λС
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ѻЦڣԼҲǱȰĵӣɶġ
³̰һȰĵӣȺǽˮˡ
Ǹʲô
³̲⣬ҲôҪʲôһ·īʦֲδ˽ʲôԭֻ˵ҪҪ
ڵϴţһĴڡ
ڱĩǵβ༶˵棬֮ԶľʲôǸԲεĻǷεġ
ȻҲ˵ʲôֻǰ洫һīƽڹ㳡ϼϵԭ
ԭҪˡ
˵ѾµʱˣڵĳҲͨһεһŵӵΪΡ
ԣÿʱ򣬶һ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪؾȻųͺˡ
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޺ۻشźĻЩӡ󣬲ǲΪǰú޻֮
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ȻеµӶҪμǱĩЩҲҪаɡ
Ȼǽìͷָ˽ĵˣֻǧƵĿˢˢĻعͷ׼ȷɵĿűĩ߸ˡ
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³ſˮǧƵĿ⣬ĺŨҿ
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Ϊ׵ȵӣôܺͱĩ⼸һݡ
֮ʱһʮ峺Ļص˶ߣ⻰ĵҲȻС
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³⻰ʱһӾͻˣߣӾҪǰȥǰŵĺһ١
ҿѾ˵ʱжɣҪҪһ١
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һŨң˵ĲǱˣǵ뽪ĶӵԪʦ
ԪʦһģĿе˵һС
һȺβķʲôʸμȥΪã֮أڿɲΡ
Ԫʦһ仰ڡ
ӱȰ༶ڿʼԪʦŽȰ༶ĨɱҪڶۡ
ȺϺʵķϲģվﶼ˷ڵĿ
ιⲻԪʦʲôˣǱĩҫҲ֪ҫұĸһ޻֮ĺ񣬻ԴСҫʦ
˫ֶżһ˫еЦжôŨˡ
ôǰͲԪʦĸƤӵʲôС
Ȼĵ뷨ȷġ
ĴڣԪʦƫ̻ԼĵӣҪĵ˸ϳڣҲҪһЩ
Ͳܽ⼸֪ߵغ˸ϳڡ
ߣҲ֮㣬ǿߵϰ֮أȲǷѣûʸμ
ʦ־͸űӵζԷĵˣԱ˱еˡ
˼ǣ˼ұȼֻмʸһ仰˵ΪڵĵʦĿŵڴ˼ǧ꼸Ĺ¡

803 Ц

803  Ц
ûеŭ𣬽ķԪʦ仰
Ԫʦһ㶣кŨ
ҵ˼ϳĴѾͨڳϵͬ⣬˵Ҳǻᡣ
Ԫʦµʱ򣬱ѡ
ʲô˼
ҪϳĴڣ
ڣҪϳȥˣ
ϳࣿôû˵
֪⹷˵ʲô
ԪʦȻԼǰһԭ
Ȼ
඼ǧ꣬һ˲ϳҲǲõģҸ߸һλᡣ
ע⣬Ԫʦ˵߸ˣָǱĩ߸ˣǱС
һ仰˵Ԫʦ˵ֻ߸֮˲ʸҪȻһ̸Ǿ
ҺһڳҲˣֻҪһǼκһ˽ǰʮ㲻ᱻڳ
ʲôǰʮ
찡ǰʮⲻǿЦô
ˣҪϳˣֱĩ߸
ǣȺķΪʲôҪǡ
һʱ䣬˳޵߶˱ĩཪ˵ϣҲԪʦҪĽ
ߣ
ǻ˵㡣
Ԫʦݵİ
ЦţɴǵЦûһ˿һ¶ȡ
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һڲȥȫͬʱóıʧ
νһ˫񣬺ãĺܺã
ðȻԪʦԸǱĩᣬǲϧĻǲǶԲԪʦĺˡ
֮⣬ĴӦԪʦս
ŭĳޣĶԪʦżթı˫ۡ
Ԫʦƣһ֪ʲôۡ
ãұĿԴˡ
Ŀ֮£ԽΪ׵ģԼ̬뿪˹㳡һ·
⣬һΧˣ˵ɫʽͬ
Ҫμô
κȲĿ⿴ˣ˵֮غǿֲ޳
ϣǱԪʦƵ˵زû·ȥˡ
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϶ôţµС˶ȥ֮ؾ͵ˣôӵͽܸմˡ
ѽ𳳳˶ۣڡ
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ǿ֮أ޻ǿߣûжܴ֮صģ񼸸é®Сӽ֮أⲻô
УҪϽȥѱͽһ
˵㶼ôˣôǼѾǸոռëͷССѾͷˡ
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Ȼ˵ڽ֮صʱ¾˵һĻĻħ޶ǵȵȵô˵Ҳ˾飬˳źڰĿռ䣬˴ѵ׷Щĵ֮ء
߸һ۾ţ۾û뵽һμ⼸Сӣһϴζ
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һ仰ѾúýԵļ˷ֱվڸԵĽУͳһĵص㶼Ǻ۾֮ء
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߸վǸոŵߣǺ۾Ķ֣һӵĹ߸˽ˡ
ں۾ǰ׼һڽɵʱ򣬽˫ֽӡ߸˲ʧص˺׵һ֮ʯ档
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ʱʱ䣬߸˻Ǳѹź޻֮

ں۾ɵ߸˵ʱ򣬽˫ֽӡһʧֻʣº۾ɵǺǵҧһ
˸ӵģȺС
ڽһʱУ˲ϵս֮زϵʧܣϵĻصҩϰѧ
Ȼֹ֮أʱ棬߸˵ΪѾԵ
Ѿǲ֪ٴν֮أһ֮صħ޶̧ͷ˽Ŀ˽ĵһۣ˸ֱ۾Щˡ
˵ˣѾúм֮ҲúȺСħˡ
һڶ֮عɽȵĵĲ֮ء
ôǣҪǱƷˣ
۾ŭµʱ棬ȺС˺ô

804 ͣεĹ

804 ͣεĹ
ٺ٣ߴ壬ּˡ
ģ׽ǸϽ֮صžǱߣȺСʧǰ
۾Ǳĵ˷ҪԲõø徻˭ܸСɶʱôˡ
ˣߴ塣
Ļ˻֣߸ö֮ĴӺ۾ǰ߹˾ʯţ˵֮ء
֮ǽһ˴δӴ
ΪиΣյڵȴǣǣֵǣǴԽʯŽ֮غǰһֻкڡ
һ޼ʵĺɫߣ˷ֲϱֲԼʲô򣬾ߵˡ
ȣ³̣ԣ
Ľ˵֣ûһ˻Ӧ
ѲʲôΣգ
ڽ׼Ѱ˵ʱ򣬴ʱǰһõӰӰڰ֮ʮۡ
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ӰǰҪӰʲôˣ˾ֻģģʲôӡ
ڴʱӰ͵س˹ԼٶȳŽļɱС
ķӦһǿǿĶ㿪Ӱʽ
һ˫һϮӰҲǵݣǲӰܵĻǸ޷뿪
ӰٸغϣĿ˵Ǳĺ޻֮
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ϵѾ֪˶ٵĲδԽսԽ¡
ӰȻӰ죬һȭ˵Ծʮʹġ
Ǽٸغ֮󣬽۵˵ʱϢ
ӰڽŽһηս
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΢΢ü۶ǲ顣
ǵˣӰѧϰʽɱԸԼ
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뵽һ㣬һĨ˷֮⸡ֶ
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Ӱ˽ĵգϾֻӰûԼ˼άڽĵʽ£հ
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һᣬһҪڵ˿ʲôϮ
뿪֮أһ˻صҰɽ򵥵Ĵһ˿ڣīʦǰڹ㳡ȥ֮صʸ
īʦ֣Ҳһʱˣܸܲ˵˵
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Ϊһ㶼Ϊ˸еĵ׼ġ
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īʦῴ˱ĩˣֻűߵڣĩ˺޵ʣҪǰһʮѵã˵ǰʮʸˡ
īƵǵĿһ۽ˣϢ̾һ
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˵ļǣھȥԼĶסѹǧŰپʮϡ
ǰڵ˺¿̿ڣһβԱһǧˣ߸ȡ֣˵Լѹ˶ٶ١
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˫ӢʮŭųЦǵһˡ
˵һȺɵۣὫԼĸǵˮƽ֮ϡ
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ǧ˵Щڶֱѡ֮⣬˶ҪμԼպˡ
ССľдǧЦˡ
߾ѡ
ؾǰĵӵ˫ۣӵĿŽĵˣʾ󵽴߸˸Ͻؾ
Ž̤ؾʽʼ
ؾзһжڵǧĿϣһͨӰؾ
һ飬ҲǴ·йҺʹʢ
ĵ֮صôһٹҵʹ߶׷ڣͨǧĿۿԼҵѡ֡
ټĹϯΪˣҩҲҪһԼС˶ӵı֣κΣǧĿϸҲ߸˵Ӱӡ
ˣˣȺԽԽˡ
ǧĿչֵĶڼ׵Ȱĵӣ˵ӰټѰ
𼤶ֲ֪ڵԣȵȣĵȵȣ
̵ĺһСƣЦҩĻš
ɶ顣
Ȼǻϲı鰡
ۻ׵ĺӣһʾҪĵűҪ֤ԼĻҪεչֳʵɡ

805 ֮

805 ֮
ߣǴɽҲﲻǵġ
԰Ǿ仰
ͺã
һߣѾؾ߸վһƬһ޼ʵɳĮ֮С
⣬µıɹɲ˱Ĵڡ
ڽ˵ȶȻɶϾǱˡ
˵ôȥҲǸ취Ȼ²ɶûˮȻǸ
³˵ص㣬ɳĮûгԵĿԻµһµʱ䣬ûˮĻǾǼ¶
ڶ˵ҵˮԴҪġ
ɳĮеĲǽĵˣвμˡ
ؾ֮󣬳ʲôطģҲԼôͽȺͬһƬɳĮС
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ʮıܿ˱ĩˣжôĴȾһ֮
ԲۣκβǣΪСүǲǡ
˵ţ³ȭͷҪȥȴץס졣
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ҵˮԴǴ⣬ҪȻǶᱻɳĮУ˵ǰʮ뿪֮ض¶
ˮԴ齻ҡ
¶Լϡ
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ҹɫܿɳĮ֮УպҹɳĮ¶Ⱥܴ³Щɿݵĺľȼһ˿Żԡ

κһСóԵĽĸˡ
κĹ涨׼μĵǴκʳˮԴ֮أ߾ʧܡ
ˮԴڱռˣûʳ޹Ӧڽ֮ǰúõسһٲǡ
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л⣬Żⷽܣ
˹׵ȰĵǳŽĵ˷˹ȥȣЫҲǵķ׷˹
ԲۣȺҪʲôô˹
ۿ鲻ãߵĻһ˹ȥ˵ٶô¶ЫӵٶȣܶԶ׵Ȱȫû֮󣬶ЫתŶҺβͣԸٶɱĵڵɽ
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Сģסģ
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ԣס˵ĻҪȻҷַӰ֫ˣԣȥ
ĴӶЫӵıҲһɱε
Բ⣬κȣ³˽ˣһ˫˫۾ڽĺͶЫǻС
ˣǿˣһֻЫ죿
³ҡҡԴԴǲǽˮˣ˻þ
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˭ôԸһֻЫӴһֽȻòˡ
о֮󣬽ڶЫӵĴ½¹ɳĮıԵشӰҹߵ˳أڿɭֵӰӡ
ǰ߾ɭˣǿҵʳ

806 

806 
Ы˵ɣתʧɳĮ֮С
һһҹĻɳɫʱָо޷ݡ
СһЩȻɭʳҲᱻʳġ
Ĵ˻٣ɭգɱСĽΪ
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ԲۣôĹ죡
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Դӽ֮أܶ鶼е֪͵
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Բۣʲôô
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СһЩ浽Σա
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Ӱߵҹڵʵʵɭڣֻ˵еĻѲܵΧ磬һİȫС
һյأһЩľĶѵȼ
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ͽװŵǰŻſǰĲʲô֣ˣҲһʮ߰˾ʬ塢
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·ϴô
³ȫûзĵĸ˶ǳϴô
û¶ϰˡ
Цţϴ֮ص˼ʱפӪء
ѾˣɭԾȲѣժһЩҰӣٴ̤г̡
ɭֺܴ󣬴Щϵʱ鲼ŵδ֪Σգĥ˵񾭡
׻˵úôѲк󸣣˾һվ֮һƽ̯ĿյϾȻһӫĻ䡣
һƮĵǣѧҵөһ㣬λõĳǿĴסˡ

Ư
ܳô
³һ仰ƻõգ˿ȷûκΣ֮ʱ˿յϡ
ţΧߣǵκ¹뻨Ľ֯赸˿
㲻Ҫг࣬ҪΣǻ׹壬ôͻᱻżڱĩࣿ
Ǽһֱȴδʳڵ⡣

807 ڵĿ

807 ڵĿ
κκĻ׹壬˲ֻ֪Ǳǿϰġ
κЦţڵϣժһɢӫɫĻ˷䣬˵ԼĹ¡
ҲκȵĹ¸е˾ĺ;
ԭô޹Ůϣ˱ҵ顣
κκĻ壬׼ȷ˵κ߹Ȼʺʵ۵ĺӡ
κȳʱȻʺѲȥмռһжκȳ£ҽκȷѪꡣ
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Ϊһ乬жȹ˭Ҳ뵽δֹκʵ۾Ȼǰϰ
κȻΪǸԼɴͷβһԸԭ͵ڵĿĺܼ򵥣õйΪ߹κӣ֮󣬱㽫޸ϻʵۡ
˭֪ϻʵ۵Ը񣬲ŮӶڳʵ۵ı֮¡
ڵ꣬ƽˡ
һκЦţǵСϣЦôۡ
ģиڣԲ޸ϻʵ۵ġ
ԣȵ֮ҾҵΪŮĲ˵ҵӰκĻʵȻ޸ͷӡ
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κȺۿ˻ĻУ³Цţſ˫ҲκȱԼȴһ˻롣
ӣΪɶڰǻڴʯ쵱ĴڣûҪɡ
Ż˽ʯһЩ飬֪ڴʯĵλҴʯĻʵۺܿػңϽΪʲôҪûڡ

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һˮĿһۻڸ³ͷŶѪС꣬ô뿪ɭ֡
֨֨֨
Сϵıƺǵǣ㽪ĲǷ룬ҲСеΪ⡣
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ɳĮɭ֣ʯȵ֮ǲ˳뿪߲뿪ᱻḶĴۡ
һȥɳĮɭؾ֮Уʯѩ

808 ӭѶ

808 ӭѶ
ָԽ˵ȥԽ
˵˵ȥ뿪ɭֵĻҪǧħء
ߣһǸոŵߣеƨʵǧħ潻սǻûѾ˰ɡ
ʵǰ
Ҫһ֮أǧħ뾭ġ
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ɣ
³һŵСһҲǵۡ
Ķǳ׵׵ɾĵСɽϢһϵʱ䣬׼ڶǰ֮ء
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ҪҵһѪΪ̲žβڵô
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ڶ峿ԶȥС껹ûֻһ˼򵥵ĳ緹֮󣬶ǰɭء
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һҲʵһ档
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Լ׵Ȱ༶ĽΪ׵ڵ˵űҪǰݺݵĵˣɼ˳ֵ˲䣬Ůһٶȵǰ
Ů˲ϲλ԰꣬ĪҪڹڶ֡
ãնͷŹȺȳȥ֮󣬿ǻܻܲ뿪
׵Ȱ༶ŵŭŽˣ˵ݶ񶾵Ļʾ⽪ĵ˸ǵš
ڹ޷֣һ뿪ˣǻȺ֪ʲôܡ
Ԥϵһ㣬ıѩԽԽ󣬿ŭѩ֮
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Ϊ˱κȣκȣ߸˾סһټ׼С
˵ʲôطôͻƾճһء
˭֪СĵǶԵġ

809 ǰ

809 ǰ
ķڣκȺͻסŮװĽģԣ³̺סڴУӱķŴֱڷڴĸ䡣
ڴϣ˼ȥýͲǰһĻֵ塣
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ȱѩ֮ͣ˳·һֱǰߣԼյʱܵһ֮صˡ
ָŵͼϵƣĹλ֮ص롣
Ҫ뿪ĻҲֻеȱѩ֮ͣſɣҪȻһʧø³
ûŵʲôζ

ζԽŨ֮ʱĵ˼ʱֹס˺
ǶݵıĥǶɵˣڿȼ֮ˡ
ģԺǱˣ˯ŵĻκȶ³ȴǽƮɢζ档
͵أ³̴Ӵֱֱվһε״̬׼뿪䡣
ס³ֹ̣³뿪һߣĺҲŻκȶˡ
˵ͻȻ˲⣬бȻթҲ뿪䡣
ʾӽסȥʲô쳣
˸ýС£ס˲ߵˡ
䣬ڷ˯ŵļ׵ȰҲգһһͳһһǱߡ
켣ζȺУһڣʯ֮
ԻڵʮˣЩгһֵǶΣ׼ӭʲô˳һ㡣
Χ¶ԽĺţֻʮΧɵԲȦм䣬ƾճһϸһŹţһڵӵգ̰Ĺâʢ
Ǻǡ
Цϸ˿Ʈɢʮֲ
һĻǸý𾪡
ϸеĹ˵һݵأʮӦ˵ϣԴԴƮɢ㼯ϸ˵ϡ
ԭͷΧ͵ϸϡʮƱƮɢ֮ʱȻʼ˱仯
׵ͷ˺ɫ㷢ֵǵգǸ欵Σôһʼϸˡ
ʮ˱ʳ֮һ˵ϣǰһ̻Ǹתɭɭ׹ǡ

ԶҲһĽ׼ǰŮ򶷣һץסĽֹĽŲ
ǲɵͷôԲһĶ֡
ĵĽߺš
Ҫˣֻĳǰȥһ¶λãʱԼҲᱻС
ߣʲôҲûӳ顣
Ľ𲻸ĵ񣬽̧־һƴͷϡ
ʲôҲΪһѰ׹ô
һƴ˹ĽŭǰԼһͷ꣬˫еŭ⾹ȻĪɢȥ
ߣ
ǣĽ𣬽Ķ뿪˴ȵеζɢȥſڴڵĺſ
㲻׵Ȱô֪ԼղôжΣôǲв
Ľ𷽲ŵоһСģر¶Ƕ˵λãŮǿ˵ˣڷеҲꡣ
ô׵ȰΪ¶ء
Ľ˦˱ץס䣬üŭ
ӲŲмַϲľˡ
£Ľ뿪˻ȻصԼķС
вΪ㰡
һĽʧķ򣬽ҲصԼķڣʱ³Ѿ˹
ǸɶңǲҪһЩߵ飬ŲҪǣҪӺͻӣ
³̣ǲǲ֪ôд
κҲ˹ոѾߴ³˵ЩǷỰ³һ٣ȴԼš
Լκˣ
Ϊʲôǡ
û¶ſǰɡ
ʾˣ뼸˵ŸղſһĻĻ
һ˵Ҫ³̻κ˵ɫжôѿˡ
ҵ죬ļٵģ
³ĵ׺£ԼͻκûбŵĻôһһȺһճΪһ׹ǡ
࡫
ſˮ³̿Žģ޲ñסԼĸм֮顣
ô죬طȻôΣգ߰ɣ
³һӶȥˣ˭֪Ǹһʲôǻ᲻ᱻԻȻΪϡ
뵽³ȫëëġ
Ѿˣ汩ѩ󡣡
ҡҡͷ³̵뷨ͬ⽪ĵ˵
汩ѩôǳȥһ·ȻݣǸ˵׼ʲô
罪ĺǵһ
ѩŰǳȥˣðŷ뿪·˵ᶳС
ڹеĻһΣյء
Ҳ˵ûѡ
˵ģ
ʱ𣬹ŮƿߵУһЦ
λɫˣϢɡ
ã
Ůĳû뵽ģŮǵѿǺʳȫԵȡ
ӽ빬ʼ̤֮УһбҪСĵӦԲǡ
ҹ
˵ɴ˫˯û˯Լ˯ȥ֮ᱻʱƮɢԻǡ
˵Ǹʲô⣿
֪ԲǸö
ϻ
³̵Ļһ⵽˵ķԣʱ˿ڣ˵Լ֪顣
Ҳ̫ȷĵүү˵ֵ֣ѩŮ
ѩŮ
ԣѩŮ
ഫѩŮֻеѩ׷ɵļڲŻ֣ѵǰУΪʧָ㷽
ǹеѩŮһ֣ԲǸʳ˾Ԫš

810 ôͻȻ

810 ôͻȻ
һˣɵ۾ȹ˼Ѷһҹ
ڶ峿ѩԾŰؼ䣬ŭţǺһкŨš
ΧΧڵĵӣŮǾֹŹĶʳǰ
ˡ
³ʾ⽪Ŀŵڵӣ˲٣ˡ
ڽĲԶĽͶĿ⣬֮еɫ쳣
ʱ˳͵ʱһ˳ڹ֮Уǽϼš
λұѩǱŮĿˡ
ʱıѩŮѾɫ˥ϸˣһǹޱȶ˵Ůӡ
ΪŮӵĽģڿѩŮʱҲֳ͵Ŀ⡣
һĳȹݻ˼£ȹϵ׺ŵˮҫ˵˫ۣò˵ѩŮĺ޷ĵز
⣡
оѵĽŲԼ֮дУ³̵˽˵ɫһеļǰȫˤ˵ϡ
Ϊͻԭħ³˲ѹ
ԲۣղôˣǲбŸԻǡ
ع˰ţڵȻûôõˡ
Ǽ˵Ȥ
ϵıѩŮЦŽˣŮѾ߸ŰΧҪϵʳǿǵ
һһĵƷ
Щ˵ôô䣿
ո˵껰һǣŵŮȻɢΣѩ˱һѩ
ѩˡ
ѩŮ֮Ӧûκγްɡ
˫ָ󣬿ϵľɫŮˣһ˫ǽ䱸֮⡣
ȻܸоõѩŮǿҲܸܵõŮҪʳ
߸˸ո̤ŵΪӮѩŮĻᡣ
ûκγޣǺǺǣǿЦ
ѩŮ̧һӣһֻ˪ûɵĳŽıֱķ˹ȥ
ڽĶʱûб̴塣
࣬ɵĴڣŮȺһԼڵɱ޹ȻԼ˱ŮĹͱˡ
ѩŮ񽥽˰ɫɭɭ˿־֮ʡ
ҲоΧϢǽΣգ߸˱űһĹ۲ʱػֵΣա
꣡
ǧκȣ񻪣³̺վУһͻȻֵı׶塣
ֱϣϣϣǱ׶ĺۼƬ̼䣬һŻѪζ
ζѪҺ㡣
ʱıѩŮһһŽĵ˹
߸ϵĿ⿴ű΢һ࣬ѩŮЦţһһӣʮ׶Ӱг֣c˵档
Ǳ׶µĻ˽ء
⣬ʵĲࡣ
ҲԿѩŮĻôҲ˽߬Ūš
ģ
һڱ׶µһ˲䣬˵ӣԼ⵲ס˽ǰΪ䵲סһ
˲䣬ѪըѿϵѪմȾ˽ĵȫͷţ֮һƬɺ졣
ʮ׶棬һ˫֮⡣
㣬û±á
Ц⣬ڴǡ
һ룬˹ȥ˽ǰ

³̵Ҫǰκ˱׶ţ޷ƶ֡
δ
δ
δ
ȵѪ˳յڵϣĻվһ˫ŵķа֮
Ȼĵȴĸо˴ʱĽȫȫǱһˣ֪ǲǿˡ
ǡ
ǾȻڽĵϿһ˿˿ɫϢ
ѩŮüͷŴӽԴԴɢħеʸ
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֪ô
Ȼ䣬һĨЦ⸡ڽǣ˵ЦţһĨЦȫûκ¶ȣ֮ʡ
˵ʱʱ죬һԾԼٶȳϵı׶˱ѩŮ档
׶ô˵˱ѩŮ
˼ϸֳǿħŮ뿴㾿ʲôˡ
ߣ
ȱѩŮعľȻʹĳ˱ѩŮǰͽסĲӡ
ôôܣһ࡭
ѩŮԼᱻһסӺ޷أʱȫ¶ɫħסá
ࣿ˭˵ˡ
ǵЦŨңŵĳ֮УɱҲˡ
ƴǰڱѩŮĶ˵ʵ
ң񡣡
һ죬ȱѩŮ˵Щʲô˱ͬѵıɢջ˱˪ɢ֮䡣
ѩŮôˣ
ôĸˣ
³̵ˣǿ֧ʶûлԵĽҲǰһĻۿ˱ѩŮĻҲﾹȻ˵ز
վԵĽĻعǷ֮µɫһֹ֮⡣
һ룬ͨһ£˫ĽĴԵ׹ݺݵˤ˱ĵϡ
֮󣬱ѩ
˫ۣĸоԼԴ˼ٽôۡ
ʱʱ³̵˵Ĵ۵ġ
ˡ
һԵĽڷġ
ңôˣ
Ҫֹˡ
ţż
űֶ˹һ࣬Ҩһ֮ι˽ߡ
Ѿ֮ãȳһůůθ
ζߵʳɲ˵Ļʲô˼
ʲôл֮á
ˣ
ļǵΪԼ˱׶Ȼ󡭡Ȼʲôôǵˡ
û¶㣬ôǸӣ
ңʲôӣ
ĸǲ˵Ǹʲô˼
԰ϵܣ˵˵ʲôôͻȻ䱬ǿһ˲ͽѩŮˡ
Ҫ֪ǿǱѩŮǶôǿĴڣԭΪǻύû뵽ľȻڶ̶̼е˲䣬ͽѩŮˣʣ
³һһıŵʱ飬ü˼˵Ļ
ǵ˵ԼԴܣǴܵʱܼѪ߻ᷢ벻顣
ȷʵұɱ׷ɱǰһĻմȾѪ֮ڲһдӿռԺ֮ķһоȫûӡˡ
ɢŵħȻŴֵħޣû뵽Լһصļܡ
Ǹʲô׺ҵҵģ⹦ֻǽ

811 

811 
˸ڷ˹ȥ³̼Ĵ
ģǼûʲô֮ģ³̳Ե׸ǽң۵̽ҹ򱻡
ǲһȥûĻô
һ߿³̣˿ϣ³໵һɤŵһ
Ҫ
۰
ˣ
ˣ
ѩŮˣΣҲʱˣҹŰıѩҲͣ
뿪ѩ֮ǰĽǸӵĿŽġ
ôҳôöģ
ռ֮ʱڴúõĽһ
һ仰Ľһڼ׵Ȱ뿪ʧ˽ĵ֮С
ĽҪʲôʾѹһ±ѩõʳ͹ߣ̳ǰһ֮صڴ
һ߸֮ء
Ȼ͵֮صĵص㶼漴ֻ֣о߸֮صڵش̲Żᱻͳȥ
תۼʱȥˣǱĽ˵߸֮صĳڴһڵϴڴڵĺȵĿ
ģˣ
³̶ڵϣеˮ޳ˡ
Դӱѩ֮֮ÿһᡣ
ʲôħ޶Ѿ˾ռߵˣ˭ܸǣΪɶйֳ֣
ϽܰɣҪȻһȺ׷ϣܲȥˡ
Ǻǣҵˣ
ʱһ
֮мŵİԹжôĿֲſˮ԰ټƵĹˡ
ǶԸħʲôĿɶУϾΪߣӦԾͳˡ
ǣȺ򲻵Ǵӽ֮ؿʼͱȺ׷ţ޻֮
ڹּ嵽ĵǰһ̣һâ߸˰ΧУһ룬һ־Ľĵ˳ڹ㳡֮ϡ
ĩ߸˳֮ʱڹ㳡һƬš
߸˭
ĩ߸
߾ɣ
߾
ҩ˵ʲôţ߸ӲŻˣ߸˻һȡǰʮĺóɼ
һ仰£˲䣬ڳ˶ը˹µĵӳԼ
δĽĵŷԼѾ˻ٺѲļҪǹ˼˶ˣ³һᱧŽķޡ
ڵĳҲסˣԼǰĻ档
ǣʵˣĩ߸ϲĳǰ
ĩ࣬ģ³̣ԣκˣΪʮߣʮˣʮţʮʮһʮʮ
ڳĩ߸εʱ򣬹㳡һһ󾪺
찡ǲˣĩȺȫǰʮĳɼ
ļٵģǲǳʲô⣬˵è߾ǿߴϲ񣬾Ȼڶѡֽǰʮ
ǧˣܽǰһѾ˲ˣǼ׵Ȱ༶Ҳұ֤Լʮİսǰһʸ
߾ĩ߸ϲľȻȫǰʮ
ܹǧʷδֹһĻ
ղͷ˵ɶô
˵ǵΣţ
Һʮһأ
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³ҡҡԴʾԼղûͷϹƱʲô
һˣĩ߸˽ǰʮ
ع߸˱ĵĻš
ǲǰʮһȡ˿ɹ۵ĳɼ
ԶԪʦһ޲ýĵ˵һ㡣
ιҵǵĳ˵ǱĩҪܽǰʮΡ
˱˻ԣ³˰˸ȣĿľ˵Ԫʦ
Ȼ³дɶ˼׷׽ĿͶԪʦ֮ء

Ȼǲĩ߸ΪɶǰʮĺóɼԪʦͱĩĶԼǿɶúܡ
кϷÿ
˭֪ԪʦĵˣǿŭɫҪ
³̣仰ǴԪʦô˼ҿʦһһĵʦǽ̵ż׵ȰĵʦôȺ˵أǲǰԪʦ
˫ֶż򣬷еЦжôŨˡ
ȻҪ˵ҭ˲ĻǽС
˵ˣ˵Ǳĩ߸ﶼܽǰʮۼ׵ȱǧ˶˦˺棬Ԫʦ̵һ첻а
Ҳǹ֮ؿЩڼ׵ȵ˵ˣҲ֪ǵӲлǵʦû̺á
³̣ͽһһϣԪʦԼ׵ȱȰĵǶһ
ЦǰȺԼʺ͸߸ϵݶ۳Ц˿ļǵõϷ顣
κȱ¶Ҳô˵ģοǱ˼һʱ䣬һһжҪԪʦͷϡ
ǼСһͱˣȻǰʮȥϢһ£ȵڶյıɡ
εڳϺĹϵ㲻֪ĵ˶ȻͷúóһԪʦǺǵġ
ڶյı
⣡һʱ⣬Щѵڶıˡ
ǰһʸμһսǰʮ
ûǼϵܽǰʮͷйⰡ
ߵĵǰ´ǣм֮⣬һͱҩˡ
ƨҪӮǮôֺô
ӮǮôˣͷ۹⡣
ı鶼д̳ķϲĵӿɶǽǰʮ̿ҲˣӮǮ㹻һռˡ
һ֪ôһ¶¶עˡ
¶˿ڣӮǮҲĪĹϵ
סƾԼ½ǰʮģͷҲƾӮǮģûϵ
֪ȺССžôҪǮע⣬ȥɡ
߶߶ˣϽȥͷӺҩͷ׼ҩԡ
Ὢĵˣ̵ı˫תȥһԹ߸˰Բռ
߸˻ص壬ÿ˶ԡͰС
ԡͰҩǾɸѡģˮʱڽ˿֮еʱ򣬺һº͵棬ƣʹ

³˶ҩԡУָожôİˡ
˵³̣һүǲǵͦôô֮ŵ໿ޡ
֮ʣ˻⣬˼ǣ߳ߴ³̺ιʱŵþ
ŲӰ
£³͵شԡͰվ׼ڵϴ·ҪȻ˾ͳۡ
˵Ҳǣ³̣㵨ͦôôȵ󡣡

812 һǧ˰

812 һǧ˰
Ҳ˵٩Ӫǵ˹Цһʱ䣬˵ĵ٩󶼱³̡
գ³һҲ򲻹ֻαȡ֡
ߣЦɣүڲˣ
ôҸ㽲¡
˵ű㽲˹£Ȼǹ£ò˵佲侳һ㣬ҲñëģоʲôڶԼ
ڴʱһ˫ֺȻļϣ
ڸʲô
˵һֻϵĻ֮ʱһֻ־Ȼĳ³̵ļϣ;۾Źµ³໵һɤӽ˳ŵĽĵҲܵ˾š
Ҫͷôиɶ
³ߵĲǱˣҩϡ
˱뿴߸С˶ӻָˣڽ£ǺͷĴ𣬸߸˼һЩ顣
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һĿ˼һۺҩϱ뿪һһ߻Цͣ
ҩԡ߸Ծ˺ܶ࣬ղűŷ˵ĻҲصϡ
ڣҩͷϣ˵ʾ߸Ҳл˵
ܹǰʮ˵ǧʷϵһ漣ϴαĩķϲĽǰʮһǧǰˡ
㲻ᶼһǧ˰ɡ
κȾܻ꣬һǧĶǴ߰
ŮզôأͷҪ֪һǰ飬ǲǾͻһˡвǼⷽ¶ô
ССıһ˵Ź顣
ǧ֮ǰĩһ˽ž£Ҳ˿кʵķϲһ
ʱ˳ѹμû뵽ȻʮߵΣͽһΡ
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ֻǿϧˣ
ôϧˣžôˣûлһ
˵ȴĻش𣬶˿ҩʾĻҩ˵ɡ
ҩ˹豭ǳһ˺ȥĲĭĻ˵ȥ
һʼ˭û뵽ž¾Ȼܴǰʮϣùھǣľϣžһ֮˸߼ҵһŸ¡
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Դ֮󣬱ûټžµӰˡ
ոȥڶļٵģ
˵ģܽǰʮ³붼룬ǽеϣڽĵϣһǰʮļƻ
ڣ߸˶ǰʮ
ڵ֪ĩֹǿķϲģʢһµϣ
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Ǿ仰Ȼܶ⣬վžۼ֮أ˽˵ǱǱڻûпҲŵĽ׶ζѡ
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СһǣҪԵĶǻˣҲ֮صǺǻѡ뿪һһҪôҪô
ĻŽĵˣֻǿ߲ڲ˵Цѡ
ȻڵһֵΣգӸ˽ҪԵģս
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ܼ򵥣ڵһǰһΪʮ飬ûʮʮ˻սսһʤߣе
˵򵥣ʮ˻սɵ֣Ҫ˵ʵˡ
ģ³̣Ժκ߸˸Էֵ߸飬Ҳ֪ĳĵĻǱӦô飬߸ȫָûа취໥Ӧ
³̻˽ĵǲģĵκȺԼԡ
ԣκҩĵӣʱʱҩ塣
κȣС˵Ǵδκȳִܣʮ˵ĻսһʼˣκȱȻΪ̭Ŀꡣ
Ȼʲôʲô
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³̵ĵĲûеġ
ʮ˵ĻսһСҪȥǱĩ˾൱ڵˣϾ˭Ҳû뵽ǻǰһǰʮʸ
ңĸұ֤ڻսʼ֮ǰԪʦһԼĵ˵Щ飬ЩʲôҲܲµõ
һʮ˻սıУκһŮ֮⣬Ķӡ
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βģû뵽㾹ȻһսһʼСˡ
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ģǼ׵߰˲ĳЩһɰרǵβˡ
˵գתߵ˿ļ׵һˡ
˵Ǽ׵һԪʦĽ̵ʸǹˣǼ׵߰߸˾Ҫֽֽˡ
ͻȻת˵ķ˶ͷԡ
ʲô˼ӦȰѱĩĵβ̭˵ôô׵߰ͼ׵һȴˡ
ϴĲɿһȺˣ˫ֶż򣬵ͷƺЩ֮⡣
Ȼŵβĵģ׵߰ȺȴǱȼ׵һȺҪһЩ
˵֮⣬ͬҲýĵû뵽
ȫȫһֵ˲̭κȣǣ׵߰ȴûһ˶۸٣֮ȴڼ׵һ˿սκվԶԶģԼˡ
ڣ׵߰࿿˶ƣԼһССⳡսߵ
ʱֻʣ˼׵߰ųκȶˡ
˵׵߰ͼ׵һ಻ͣ༶ʦҲǻ࿴˳ۣû뵽׵߰ྐྵȻ׵һŸˣٺ١Ԫʦɫѿ
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ϾݹʷȻžԱĩݽܾǣĩһ߸˽ǰʮǶôĿ顣
ߣڶʮ˻սϣ˽֮Ȼûн˵ĳɼҲǰéģıĩиǲ˼Ĵڡ
ˣϸҵȰĵʦҰɽǽҵȰ༶ޡ
ЦǿǱĩ߾ܿССҵȰôǼ׵ȰҲ᲻һ˵ĺô
ȻԼĿǣ³̿ɲΪ
ҾʱҪ͵ƣǱĩ˱٣ϲѡ
ͬ³̵Ļ˲󣬺һҪģдʲôҪÿˡ
³ַͬκȱʾʣһԱʾȨ
յĽۣ
գʽĻ
һֽһˣһ˷ΪʮĻս֮Уʮٮٮߡ
ֱǼ׵Ȱ༶Ľӆ}ФǧɽĽϹԼĩĽġ
ڳĩཪĵ֮ʱ㿴ϯĳһʮĺҥԡ
ϵݡ׵Ҫˡ
Ⱥûе⣡
Ŀһۺд֣ûȥŤͷε̾һ
վڽĲԶĽЦš
ţţţƣµһ
ĽźϵݣĿڽĵϡ
ǿϧˣһǲǶ֡
ĽʼռǵõѩеһĻѩŮڽĵиûκηأջ˳ɢ֮䡣
һĻԶԶ߹Լǰʮ顣
ͽĽ֡
ǣһѣǰʮˣĽݼҵ˺ʱҪһﶯ֡
˵ĲǱˣϹϹбĿ˽һۣе֮ᷳʤ
׵ȰȺﾹȻ򲻹ַϲģҲûҪڼ׵Ȱˡ

817 ģͣ

817 ģͣ
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һֱ׵ȰĽ
˵ģţ̤۷Ľ׶ΣֻҪһЩʱգȻʦ֮С
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սĽһϷʵľʡ
ҵ찡ڵţͼ׵ȰһЩݰȫһѹ˭Ӯ
ϯϣһ߿űһŹӵıĩ죬һͬⳡʤ߻
ĽڴӵܣʽĽֲݣҲϣƾһ㣬
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һĽıУջʤ
ֱĳڶֲ볡
׵ȰԱĩཪģѡ볡
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鲻Ĺģνֳǹĵġ
ỹϣʦ顣
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ȻԵĸ߽ģҲýء
ʵô룬˶ΪߵһѾһܲ򵥵ˣҪսǲࡣ
ŽߣȻ۷ľ뻹һ֮ңǶԸһʵĽ˵Ǵ´ġ
۽ģ˵һˣҲǣһ·ǿһڴܡ
˵֪֮УΪ棬֮⣬ʲôޣҩʦͼ겻ֹٻʦûõְҵ
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һȷˣе֮ϣ׼һƵпٽⳡս
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еĳ뽪ĵֻǣһɫӰԼٶʧ˵֮УҲʧǰ
һ룬Ӱƾճһ㣬Ĳһ󱻺ݺݵػС
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ڣһ˿˿ָ䣬ȻٿصĲǺ죬ȴܹ÷
ʱϯϵ˶ĿŽеǸ߲ɫëʲô
ʲô⣬о
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˲еΪԶҩȴüͷŽеǸë
ҩͷ㿴ûУûУ
ԵúܼµĿŽеķ𣬻˵ˡ
ѽͷץңͷҿأȷȷʵʵǷ˵ë
ҩҲǾţ˿ްǧ֮ǰżһΣҪǼϵëʲôӣҲ֪˵ŵľǷ˵ë
Ѿͷʲô
ҩһ澪뽪еķëһǲ⽪ĵݡ
Ѳɣ˵񣿡
ڵЩŽ˵ĻˣǲҲմĪĹϵˣô޵ëΪ
ʱϣĺѾѷ֣Ȼзţһʱ佪޷ͻʽ
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һ죬ĺ˷׷׺ˣѾӣ˵ҲǴСһƬδѪ
סְɣʱƣĩཪĶԼ׵Ȱ༶ƽ֮һ
ʲô⣬ƽ֣Ǯô㣿
ǰҿǰǮѹϣƽ֣ĿӶûˣڿЦô
ĶƽֵĽ˭Ҳû뵽ģÿ̵׬Ľעĵ׳졣
ڶֱƽ֣ȵȫ֮󣬶˻Ҫٱһڶ˭Ͳ֪ˡ
ģģģ
Ȱ༶ĵĻŽĵ֣϶С
ĩ׵Ȱ༶ţǵûаܱƽ˶û뵽Ľ
ڱ󣬲³̵Žףҩ㽫һԡ
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̬ʮֵ࣬ڸ߷ΪҪ顣
һ˵ܶ˶˵񻰹еĴڣЩҲǾǧǰĴս˵ӦҲ˽еķ
ɱԽ鲻磬ҲҪСĲǣ㶮Ϸ˼ô
ҩүүģҼסˡ
ҩʲôȷʵԼˣҪԡ
׾ͺãסˣһڷ˵飬жɵװɵ
һξŽģ˴ע⣬һҪСӦԡ
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818 Ľյ

818  Ľյ
ڶͽĴƽ֣ȫ֮󣬶˸ѡ̭Ķսһ֡
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ĽʶսФĽʻʤ
ԴˣֱǼ׵Ȱ༶ų磬Ľʣǧɽͽġ
ͽĴƽ֣Ҫ̭ļѰһֻ֣Ӯ˱ܽһ֣˱ǾԵˡ
Ф
˶Ǽ׵ȰţФȻ֪ʵû֮Фܱɹһ¡
ֵ˽ѡ֣ɻȽ˵Ϲһ˳
ģСҪʶʶʵô
Ϲ̬ʼǲģ߸ϵĿ⿴Žĵʱ򣬾ͺûõѡ
ңϹΪ֮ߵزһжΪãҪȻƾʵߵʱա
µĿϹƲƲ졣
Ҳѡôأ
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˵䣬ϹֳűѾ˹ǱۿҪ鵽˽ĵϡ
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ϹȽĻҪһ꣬ȴĳ˿бС

˵䣬ϹһγǰȥһΣû㣬ڱһ˲䣬ץס˱ӡ
ȻûȤҲͱˡ
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ĽϹıӽ˶ӵһߣһϮµϹڵϲϵ䶯ţһдһſĻýĽ⿪ϵıӡ
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ЦڵĳϣӦڳͬһ֡
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һֳǩ
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Ϊ˱һͬķǽ˵һ£Ľǽϣġ
ΪֲǱˣĽ⹷
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ҺΣҲҪǱĩԺһλһΣֱȺڡ
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ϯϣһʿͬһ׷ײ£Ŵȣ·һȭҲǵϡ
ΪˣȻ֪һȭжôʹĽı飬˵Ǻѱˡ
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һŽڵʹ຿еĽʸߵ˰֮УˣĽµһ˲䣬һһŵĽƮ㻨һ壬Ҳ׷ױͷ˫ۣȲ뿴ǰһĻķ
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飡һŴҪصĽϣĽʾƤһٴαߵС
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ĽҵĴү˽ߵĴڣ񱻱ĩĽһϮȥĺ޻֮ǽвҲ̶ð
ϣͻȻһĻҲڵĳʼδȻع֮ʱλѸϣһֹļʩһѾԲһϢĽʡ

819 ҰҰ

819 ҰҰ
ĽʣĿ˺֣
ҪĽ壬ͱĴĽ޵Ǵ޽Ҳ޷Ȼˡ
ҪǣÿһжǱĽķȥǴɲһţǺݾ
ΪɶҲףڵڶʮ˻սʱĽʵһЩ³̴Ҫ³СƤĻȥүˡ
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ں޵ʲô̶ȣ·һ۶׷ҡͷ̫ˣ
ڵĳ˽һϢĻ̌ȥһŽģͬҲǰָ˵Ԫʦ
ôΪ׵Ȱĵʦѧһô
ȼ֮ĵһ˫ЦԪʦ
һΪԼûע⵽ڷһ˲䱻Ԫ͵ϮˣһΣԪʦҲκ
Ԫʦһα͵ϮˣһУοС֮飬ΪʦһٶĳǶˣҲ̫֤Ϊʦĵ˰ɡ
һ仰׵Ȱһڵӷ׷Ҫǰ
ڵţһĩķϲĳЦϲĿߵλãΣ
ġ
ԪʦҧŭŽģ׿һٶĳ治ϣһὫСʬβɡ
ˣҼȵ֮ҵҪ˯ܱ㡣
ϺǣԪʦǼʳô˲ˣ޴ʦǲǸոŵߣȻͷԪʦԳ֣ԣй⣬ʵй⡣
ԪʦΪ޴ʦļ𣬿˵һбѹĩ߸ˣǣǾ仰ǴĽΡ
˵ˣΪ׵Ȱ༶к̨ǱĩҲС
۸ĵӣ˵ô찡
ĲԪʦҲɵߵĵλʵһ޴ʦӲأˮˡ
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һڶˣʣһĽ
˶Ǽ׵ȰţеţԾŽ۷߰һ
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ˡ
ȭĽ𻰱תʱ߿ϯĽģɶ˵߽Ӵһϣ˴˿ŶԷ
أһĨЦ⸡ĴǣЦƺʲôζ֮飬Ľıëġ
ܾѾˡ
ͽġ
Ҫ֪ĩ˽ܾǼǰ飬žһĴڣȴʧӰ١
˭뵽֮Ľ죬ĩһɱ˾Ƕζ벻顣
ʵʵĩĽһƥ̬ǰ
յľ֮գڵڶսС
ľǶ˼ĶԾһε
ԳǾһ飬ҲҪһ˵ʵѧ
ʲô⣬ÿ˱ΣЦأ
ǱΣǶΣʲôġ
һ³̣ȴҲⳤΪʲôֹأǶڽĲô
˳ܾϣǾȡһʮֵıǰΡ

820 ȵĽ

820 ȵĽ
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񣬽ģˣÿ˶Ҫһս
Ҳ˵ҪսҪսĺҪսͽġ
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յѾҲֻнܵķˡ
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ĴĽʵʱжôˬ޲ϳĽǸ˶Ӹ˽ˡ
˵Ľʣ³еķŭ֮һܵȼ
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޵ʵǶеĻҪǿ౶ܺͼ׵Ȱսƽ֣˵֮Ԥ֮顣
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߿ԲϵȡؼֲԼŵľֻнִ֮󣬲ܳ׵İ
ҡҡͷ֪ô˵ҪΪ䵭Թŵһѣô
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ģܽյľ
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˴֮壬֮ҵĻ֮һƼϣоͣбյĸоˮϣſԻ⡣
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Դųһ֮ǱĩȫԱҪıκȣɰӱĳһɵƸƭˡ
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˵ҲȰ༶ڵĹϯ
ҲȺ˷ܣҪǵĻҲȻ˰ɡ
̨ϵıȵ˷ܹ˷ܣϵĽȴһȻ˫ָ󣬱ֵһ²ؼģ
㲻£
վڽߵǺͽģ֮˴˽й֣Ҳ֪Էʵţߵһ˼򵥣Ȼ֪ʽš
ҲãþᣬһľǼＸֵֵýиˡ

821 ƽ

821 ƽ
Ĳ֪ĵʲô
˵ƭء˫ָװŵģʵҲǻҵһʡ
˵һ仰˲ʧơ
Ϊκ£ܺŽ֣ʮڴ
˵ʵҲǱĩļ۵顣
Ϊŵ˿ԴؼҲ
ԼΪӡֻܸܵѣȻ˵ԪʦһԵԼйһЩϾ޵ģʹãҪؼʱ̱õġ
˵Ҳһͷ۵顣
Ѿվϣʲô취һ֣ɣ
ʼ
ڳžĹÿһҪսԷջõкܼ򵥣˭ʤ࣬˭һĵһ
ʦּͣԶ֧㣡
̨ϣһߵŮ˿˳ĺдŸɬֿڵĻ
ʦ֣Զ֧㣬ģһܻõһͼͼͣ
ķ˿Ҳ䣬ĺд͵
񣬶˶Ů˿֮֮࣬£ߵķ˿ŶӿνǡָۼһҪʲôʲôģظġ
߰ݸɫ̲ͬһ棬ֻҪ뿴ģץһؿζӾ
䣡Ҵ
һ³˵ֱռ֮ǰϣһֻֻӶģʾȰ༶ĵضĻ
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ģţĶޣ
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һһ°յĿںŻص֮䣬Ȱ༰ĵҲŲظ³˵Ļһʱ䣬϶쳹Žĵ֡
׳գⲻǸ鷳ô
³ɵӸˣôԾڸѹ˺Ըġ
ôǲǳˣϽ
ŭл³̣καȰ༶ĵ̫ңûȺ֮С
³̿еָ˭ˣεЦţתͷˡ
Ǹֵû棬Щ̫˷ˡ
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ܺǣ˾Ǹڵ˶ӣֻҪһЦӵĻˮ
һһӵĻȴŽġ
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໣˧ʦּͣ
ʦּͣԶ֧㣬㣡
˵ʵڳĺö˶һģͱ罪ģˣǶͬһʱڴŵģ˭ö޽ţ˼׵Ȱࡣ
ڸ߸ϵļ׵Ȱ࣬ҵȱȰҪƺ׵ȰĵΪʦ֡
ĿڲԶϣŶԾһյģⲻ֪ĵĿһֱڶ˵ϣŶ˵һһ
Ǽ׵ȰеţʵҲӽ˾Ž۷״̬ԼսʱһֱûչֳʵҪʱƵĻԼҪѾһˡ
һվ̨ߵ˳ȥ˶ý㼯еϣԴ
˵ˣϰޣϵҲС
ĶŲ豭˵۵ס
ĽǼһ˵һһǴ֮壬û֮һһƻ˵ϣϮ֮ʹ֡
෴ӦõؼеطһֵΧߡ
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û뵽羹ȻؼԪصļ塣
СʱȥһɽУɽзӡһͷϹžޣҾԪصӡġ
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Ȼһӵʱ䣬˵սѾ˰ȻĽ׶ΣҲĿתĶſ´һ˿һĻ档
һһǿҵϵܱŷİ˫̺֮Ŀ־֮һȻҲǿ
ʱڳǰ˳ɤűĽ
һڼ׵Ȱս׵Ȱƽ
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ƽ֣
Ȼû˻ڳϵУǲе̫ˣ˾ǹ˼жѣҲûʲôչôƽء
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׵Ȱ༶սĩཪģϳ
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еĹӷУһԳԣǱ̫࣬һҪء
㣡
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ĩཪļʦ֣ܺʦֹУʵĵҡ
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ʦ磬һĪҪʦ顣
Ͱʦֲ˵ôתߣȫҶߡ
ΪŮӣŮװΪľǲ׵˷֣Ȼ֪ǲ磬б޻վǺõġ
òҵ֮˵һץȥˣһоͻǰˡ
ʦ֣ɡ
ĻĲûм𣬶ǳֿȭҪսִ
ҲǸӣûҲ˳ϱܡ
һٶñĩļû뵽׵ȰһžȻ˾ӵΪĲ
Ȼ䣬ӰԼٶȽսһ𣬿˿˭˭ֻܿڿеĲӰ
ԲۣҾ֪ѾСԼʵˡ
һĵޣǰʵˣҲûչֳԼȫʵ
Ȼʱ޵ţһǧѵһľš
ҩۻ׵ĺӣЦһ˫۾˷ܵ
ͽŹ˶ãСӾҪʹˣҪȻͻᱻĸһ٣
ʵͬҩ˵һ벻Ľǵ͹˶Ҳ߹Լ
һУͱԶſϷ۵ף֪˵ƺͲµ˴ʱ˿̵Ľ֡
ͽĽ֣Ȼ֪Сľ˵ŵЩӣܴùģΪȥøһͿصĳ档
ҲʱƵģʱһս

822 ʲô

822 ʲô
ۿʱҪˣƫƫĺ˻ûзֳʤ¡
һ˿˿ȼմ֮ʱǰһʮֹĿŽġ
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ɶ⣿
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񰡣ǿһһŽ۷ۿžҪ̤ʦŰսƽֿ˵ΪıʵôսĩĽҲƽ֡
⣬ʮֲ⣬൱֮⡣
ڳʮĹһ±Ƶı飬֪սΪɶӻƽ֣ΪʤɵڳҲʡ
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ܿ죬ϢСʱ֮ӭ˵ڶ
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ڵһαУƽ֣һʮڴһĻķ˻᲻һδƽ֣
һ˲䣬Ӱֳֳսһ𣬶ص˶ߡ
һηս
˶ڼ׵Ȱţκһ˵Ļ˲ȥһĻ
£һԵĽˣ˶ԾûþȫϾֻлбûκĻսıҲƽֶա
գǽһս񣬶˴ƽ֡
ڳǰһűĽ
׵Ȱս׵Ȱˣƽ
ʲô⣬ƽ֡
ЦĻˣأⶼƽˣ˵ĳҲƽ֡
սǽģҲһеıһԣѡ뽪ĳֿȭһȡ
޵ϣĽĸĶ֣Ǻκõսˣ³ȻǲҰɡ
ҲǾӣվԼǰıĩཪĲóޣһ·ΪΪ˲Ż
ǲὫۼ˫֮䡣
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Сģ롣
˵䣬ӰԼٶȳǰȭཻϵһһʽչֵ쾡¡
һ㿪һУĽС͵ǰһȥƼӴ֮ʣƺ˽ĵսæȥһоյĶ㿪˶ԷĹ
Ľսʱ䣬գڱ֮ʣڳǰŽ֡
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ʲôôƽ֣ڵǲë׵Ȱ˴򲻹ĩһϲģ
Ǳĩķϲˣ˵Ǽ׵Ȱ༶ŷϲˣһĩ˲˾Ǳƽ˼׵ȰţǺôͰ
ڶ˵ıƽָգ̨ϵסˡ
һ˵ŲܣһҪ˶עŻýƽ֡
⻰ҪڵĳˣǵøȺûӵһӣԴװǲǹʺ
һҲΪʲôսĵĽֶƽ֣ãǱʵҲ޷ǽǱĩķϲģ޵ߣҲܱƳƽһ˵ʵ벻ס
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ĺǽ䱸ĿҩͷƽͻоЩŹŹֵֹĶеĵҩ˰ģӦòʲôҩɡ
ҩ˽һۣ⺢ôԼĺĵ¿ηء

𰡣Ȼ͹ô˼أģϽˣ˷ҩүүһ˼
ҩ׼ҩûȥæץסҩһȫ˽ĵˡ
ҩͷԼƵĵҩ˵кܴĻָãȻȲʲô곤ĵҩȴҲʮѵõĴڡ
ΪıֺõԵʣΪҩ棬ҩŻὫƽöóĵҩġ
ϵԼɫĽĵҩȥ˹˵ĺеˮ
лҩүү
ߣһ̨ʱС㣬ˣʹóȫʵ
˵ʵҲ֪ȺϲôŵģȻİŵ˵
ҲһʼΪĸ޷սʤŻὫ䰲ŵıû뵽ǰ˴ƽ֣һеһжҪֱˡ
ò˵ҪʮֵľսˣȻвף
ģսֳһվ֧㣡
ģǱĩż³Ϊͣ
³໵һɤӺ˳ЩǷļͻȰ༶ĵ뻮һĺĿںš
ȥɣҲʱˡ
ĽĵļһٶҲھŽģˣҲҪô˵ǰ÷ҪȻ˭Ҳ֪֮ᷢʲô顣
ңӸղŵĶսѾЩϵĿڽϴתӦ֪˷ĴڣԽ˵Ǹ䲻õء
֪ˣ
ٶ˼ó֮ҲЩˡ
ҲãҲգǹغ˭ܽԵأ˵˼ǾӣҲˡ
ܺã
ǾΪʵΡ
ֵһĶս
˵ǧʷϣۿ˴δ֮
ڹڶൽʲô̶ȣ˲˵߸ߵǽҲˣҪĿһ¼׵Ȱͱĩ࣬νźͷϲĵս
ԲۣһΪϹ˵ģû뵽ĩķϲͦ˾ҿʼƽ
˭˵أǿ񰡣һѾǾŽߣͻƾŽ۷ףݱĩĽģûκ޵Ϣ
˵ǰ֮ƽ֣Ϊ˱žֿ֮ȭĺͽĲҪĴڣҲһչֳʵˡ

823 Բۣ

823 Բۣ
԰еĿˣ
ǼܱܲƱƣúÿвٱƱƴǸ˸ӣ
һֵһС˰˵ĿǾۼ̨ϣ۾գһ£ԼκһĻ
ʦ֣룡
ʦܣһΪֲ㡣
˫ֱȭؾŽģЦš
ȻҶ˶֪ⳡҪԣȻҪ߾ȫǡ
ĵĻŸ񣬲ԼʲôźͷϲĶԷ֪˴˶ʲôʡ͵ĵƾͺˡ
£еĳǻ֮ȶȲϵܱŷţվ̨Ķ棬ĶܸоõȵҪ˷մһ㡣
Ǵ֮Ļ֮ԪأȻûʹõĻ֮ԪصӴȴռҲǼΪѵõĴڡ
һźɫĹâըѿֱسŽڵĵطȥ
ڹϯһӾĿĿźɫĹâƬ֮³һ
ãѾͷˮ飬ҪȻһᱻŻ֮Ľˡ
Ҳǣһ־˺ݶڽ㿪
۾գգĿ̨ϵһĻĻԾƶĿƽڽڰѰ
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һһŸΪǿĽŽϮ˹ȥۿžҪڽĵϡ
ѵ˵һл˺ô
ǧһ֮ʣĽŲһһ˸ûĹ첽㿪˴һ㣬ղôһʱʱ䶼Ǿֹġ
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Ҳ֪ǲǵĴòԾ
˵ʵڵģҲ֪ղôһ£ǿۿžҪԼؼԵʱΧһжʮֻҲýѵʱ䡣
һڳûģ˷ֱռλá
ȿȣĩཪĶս׵Ȱ񡭡ƽ֣
ܳϸĽһ峡ƽ֣ڵűϲıƽһ޷ݵĸо
ڳϽŻ׵üͷ˿ģе֮ɫǲ⡣
СӾʲôôôߣҵҲ޷ܡ
СӺĹϵУĪѪ
Ļ֮Աƽ֣ҲԭģϾΪǿߣҲҪη֡
һߣڳʲôֻڵϢһᣬŵ
ⲻϯϻƽ
һ˸߹һ˵˷кв⣬㲻С
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˵ǴӻģĪǻʵ۵ݣҪȻô׿Խʡ
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ԭˣԭˣֲýܱƽأ
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˽֪һǿĴߣǿʲô̶ȣ˵׵һǿߣǺ߲֪ȥ˵طͱˡ
ϢСƬ֮󣬽̨̨ϵѾȺʱ˫ۻһ˫ϸӰЦЦĿŽġ
ֵܣôе㺦°
ľñëģΪɶԼ񿴴ʲôһ
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飬ʲô飿
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ΪĽʲô飬ɶóԺͻ
˿ΧȷڳλԼͽĵĶԻǰ˼
˻ΪͽҪս˭뵽ֻ߽һЩѣûκξٶ˼ҳһ⡣
㶼֪ԷûչֳʵҲ֪ʲôҺƽ֣֮ΪؼԵһսһ䡣
Ծ˫ֻż˵˶̨վţȴû˿ս⡣
֮Ҫô
ܼ򵥣Ҷƽֱɣһ㣬ң˻ƽֵĻҲΪͬʱ볤
ԣĿǰ¶Ϊƽ֣µĹأͽ֮ƽֵĻ
˽ͳһŽ볤ֻҪӳ߳ĵһˣյһ
ǵطʲôôô
Ȼôһ˵ˣеĳҲһǼ˼Ĵڡ
˵˴мȤҪΪĳʲôӣʲô
ڵؾ֮һŸĵرޣȻҲ鲼ΣգиǿĻ
˵ţš
ãͬǼһ֪ô
ıǣֻҪӦǼһһӦġ
ұֻ֤ҪĴӦҲһһǰС
ԭжһҲлʲô˵Ļɹͻƿڣʦľ硣
ΪˣؼҺȻһңãǸʲôеǲ֪һ߲˵
񣬴ӽʼĿһֱڽĵϣСǸеģǸŮģ²ʲô¶
˵ô˾Ͷ֣ʱ䶼쵽ˣ
ڳϲòѽĺʾ˸Ͻ֣ۿʱҪˡ
ڳϣڳĹڷҲǴߴš
ϯϣҩŻ׵üͷӵĿϵĶˡ
С˵ʲôصġ
Խ龫ľ˵֮һȤˡ
ߣҲվʮ˵ǰ졣
û´Ļ֮Ӧúͳйϵ
һ˵ҩһûӦһЩǺ
ͷղ˵ʲô˵ͽԼСҪȥ
һҩ֮Уڳѡ˱Ľ
ĩཪĶս׵Ȱƽ
Ѿû𾪣ǵȻɡ
һıдɶɶûëĹϵ
ԴˣĽˡ
ûеһûеڶûе
սģƽ֡
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ԣڼԵкĻһµľ֣
ϯϣʮ˿иָﲻϵĻصڶߣڵԼôʿνǴﵽµĸ߶ȡ

824 

824 
˵Щڸûʲô
ǣڹϯϲдҴ֮ˣңΪؼ˶ƽҲʷϴδֹһĻ
ڳſˮĿ׷ת̨λϵ޺ۡ
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ؼҵԼ֪ĳĺġ
ңڶһ飬ΪʲôĩķϲĽĻ˴ƽ֡
⣬Ĳ⡣
Ȼǵû˻ɣվϵĽĿ˿ˡ
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ѵµ˵˵ЦЦȤ˴һһ̤˳ڡ

̤һԭů͵¶轵£粻ϵĴţŷѩ˷Х
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۵İɫ۵ĴѩضҪɫѩС
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ѾѩҪ뿪ֻкˡ
СľȻûбѩȫ񣬵Ҳ˰ء
ҪСľ뿪ĻֻһһĲѩǰˡ
ֲһЩʳԼů˵ɡ
Ĵӱóһɺ͵ҩⵤҩҩ׼ġ
ҩ¶ǵʱһůĸоӵܲϵӿֶѪҺеı֮
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СľдȥҲǳõķӣοҪ뿪յڶ֮ء
ǰ濪·𽫺̮ѩɾͲ˱
ʵҪԭǽĸ̫ˣĽıѩʱҪʱѩڳ
ģǲŻȱӪô
ҰôˣҴô
һĲӣôô

825 ôڣ֪ô

825 ôڣ֪ô
ôڣ֪ô
İһ񣬼æƺѩĹ
ȻͷʦܵģҵȻϤӵıԡ
ȫںôԼģңΪݷΪܣһԵҲͷ
ȴǣӵƷ˽֪
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ƽǡôһʱģʵ򸹺ڵ˼㣬˭ǵһҡ
˵ˣһ۹ߵȥܽĿ۵ףǲǵ뽪ĿЦ⵹ֵע⡣
Ŀ˽ĵϡ
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ħһ㺮壬˵ĳڽӴħʱ򱻺Ϯеı˲ѵĵڵϡ
Ҫ֪ؼҺҿ߹Ĵ壬彣ҲضǼƷеˣħǰȴһһ׵Ķѡ
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ԭóŻǮãû뵽ó
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֮ϵ֮ʱĺһקһͷʱħҲ˹
ħ޳˳һ̣ӴߣɫƤƱ˺ɫ

һЧĺ෴ķħһУ˵Ҳ֣׶೤ħ޾ô߸гˡ
һѩ򣬱պĳſһ
ħ޶Լôģһ̯ѩˮʧǰ
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𿴽ССһֻӵ֮ˣǷƷ
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ѵ֮£˸µĵΣյһУûΣմڵĻ˳ͨڶ
֪ǳ֮ܳŸָΣյأҪӵڶ֮ǰ֮أҪԼΣա
ⲻ˵ʲô˵ôԽǵʲô鷢ΣձԽѸٵĳǰ
޴Һ֮Уһͷħ˫ۿŴˡ
ι㲻촿֮ôӦò»ѣǼһһģǹȥΣ
ʾȥħ˵һ˵ûʵڲһӣ˽һ֮ء
ӵǾʦüĿ㣬ħӦϲʦܲǡ
һ۾Ϳ˽ʲôžţһ仰ڨЦ˵һ߿ܡ
ڶ֮صŵңǲСĴʧһȥĻǺ᲻롣
˵ˣ˵·ֻǰһҪ棬ֻдħ޿صʯŲſɡ
ǲ˵׳գħϷд˴ĸ֡
ô죬Ҳһֱȥɡ
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ҪļκԼֻ߲ż
ŽĿ˵Ļǰİӽˡ

826 ֮

826 ֮
ΪĻ֮ħ޵ԣħ޶ĵⲢǺ
סħޣĺΨһ˵ʯš
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СʯţħһֱһһҲǰеĲƶš
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ڣǧһ֮ʣץס˽ӹߣûкʯһս
ǰһΣոջ⣬һΣֱ
ħ޲֪ʱѾߵ󣬸ǿĿֲһθоϢĽ١
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߳ټߺϸץסһ˵ĽѾ߸˿ڣѪ˳˿ڴߵ
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ҧӱóһذף˳ȥ
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еذףǧ֮һ룬ħ޽ͽɵһ̣еذ״Ҿ޵ͷġ
һҾըѵˮһ㻯ˮɢΨһźɫıʯڰ֮С
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һʯţǾʯۿžҪ߸ϣһʯ飬˫Ҳ޷
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Ŀ˿˿תͷ˿ģȻ䣬˴Ц
ҽٺѲҲΪЦ
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ЦҲЦˣҲǸðˡ
˵ĲᣬĽеŵҩ˶˵棬ֽСƿӸ˶ˡ
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Ҫ˵ҩˮɼ뿪ˮʱ鷿͵ģؼǣҩˮʮãʲôҽ׹ѾǼҳ㷹ˣۿҩˮһΪɢɡ
ȻɶܾȺãϵ˿Ҳһҽκá
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ң֣ı߸ƵѪϣħ޸ʴյƤҲڽ䣬ȡ֮
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֪˶ã֪Ҳûбյʹ֮У˰ˡ
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׵ҽµһǧСҲûһܹƥУ߶ĿȾȻҲϰҽ
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ЦҵĻȿԼ
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ԶԶؿȥǳһԳĺ飬Ϊεĺ
ʦܣǸŮӣض˫ȫò汸֮ˡ
У˻ŮˣȺҫˣԱӰ
İһ
ƶˣȲһӪɣ˷󾡿뿪طҸղŵϢʱоһɲõϢ
ĵֱ׼Ǿ뿪˵أҪȻһᷢʲôԤ֪飬˭Ҳ֪
Ͼ˵սδȫȫĻָӦһֻħޡ
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ԶԶأһŭĺص֮䣬ϢĹǿ˷Х޴ҸǴӵӿϡ
ȥͱô
ۿŸһֻħ޳˳˹ûȥűĽĵűѾӾܡ
ˣûʯͷϱȥʱصҹ
ӴδһǱ
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Ļͷһ۽˵ħޣ֮ѹ֮иһֻֽࡣ
һͷħޱȸղŵħ޴׺ݵģһǱġ
ܣ
ǰû·ˣ
ģѾħޱƵ˾·ϣǰԨһƬԨӵð磬ǰħޡ
ô죬ȥǺħ޸أ
أʲôأ
ڵȸղţǳֻħûע⵽еذףذ׽ɱңΪħ޾ԪĹϵذҲ⵽˷ٻ٣Ϻͷͭûʲôˡ
ɽǿ͹ʯͷô
Ϊ˱ؼʱ̱Ҫˡ
˵״ܺħӲأҪȻ֪ôġ

ۿħѾƽȵ֮˶˼һ㣬ħŻצ׼֮ʣģһ˺ڰ֮С
վ±Եħƺڹ˼ʲôһ㣬ҪɱȴֲǰֻĿʧ֮С
ץˣ֣ôôôأ
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ʦܣôۣôƵġ
ѾģŲھͰȥ
ķһ޲ɿ֣

827 ٶ

827 ٶ
ڽĺĺ֮£ڽ
Ϊŵľٶϵ˿һѿ
𶯣ٶǡ
ҩˮѾûˣҩˮҲҪĲҩܲҵԭ϶˵
ЯСҽưȥҩ۵߽˫Ƽ˺ѵ˿ڡ
ʦܣò˵ɡ
ò˵еһƴ
ôʲôʱˣ˻Ц
ڽĵӡѾȫ߸ԭе
˶Ǵӵܣһһ䣬ڣһูڣһŪ
ض˵ûʦŮӵĻȡ֮˱ض̤ż
ڱƱưȥ
˿ڣתִϵ˿ڡ
ææţһʱʱȻš
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ڵ˱ʯ̨ϣϲ²£ħѾȥ
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Ȼ·˴ʯ̨ȥû˺ڰ֮С
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һƬֲָĺڰУ˽ҹ΢âǰš
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Ůҡҡͷһӣֻ徹Ȼıֽϡ
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ŮӲѾʼתж
Ϊ㣬޷֮·ǵ֮С

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ĺͰŮ˵ʲôȻðŮӵгֿ־飬ˣǶ˷ˡ
ôȻȷĴˡ
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Դ˽޾֮һСϣ˲Զһ죬ʾ˸Ͻϰ
ڽĺͻеİŮ˵ʲôȷǲܵġ
հŮӵӣ۽˵ʲô𰸶ᱻжɴĴ𰸡
ֻ˵һЩ׺͵ɵүү顣
ԼһѺڻʲô飬ԪĵһӦʱҲ֪һС
ףɵ壬үү
˵ˣڶ׾ٵĻ԰ҪǻҪҪԼѡˡ
Ȼڽ˵ԼĺݣһʼŮӸţֱŮ̽Ѱ˽ĵѪǹǿ䵯ðŮҲò˽ĵݡ
һټĵ죬ĲϵżɹһƬƬȺ
ɳ̲ٵϢƬ̣ọ̈̄ĶĿⶢš
ҷԽԽرˣֻϧǸкӣˣؼұضס
ȻҲס
ܱܲˣҪԼӼ޸ңǲᷴԵġ
Цţ˿˿ĺҡҡͷ
ʧˣؼжΨŮӳˡ
ؼҺҲ֪ʲôħ䣬ԼжҪؼļֻŬŮ޸á
ĵҺؼң˴˻ϻӣ˵ؼ
õһӣôؼһҲܴ
ιŲƽؼҵ鱾Ӧö죬˿еķϲģ֮Ϊ˷Ŀȥ
ҵһֱҲýĶӡ˼֡

828 

828 
ǲ෿ټʱ콵Ⱥĳؼұضһֻйء
˵Ź飬һǳ˵ԣһЩ꿴е顣
ȻһСǰټֵԲŻһĻĻ
ǻŰ
Цţмֳ֮⡣
ʵǷϲģţֻһӡˣӡ֮ؼҾֻаͽķݶˡ
ҲǺͬѵķϣĲŽ
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ĴţƣֻҪһʱ䣬ʲô׵Ȱ༶ǰǷ
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ղ˵ˣԣô˵ҲͬѹǣǧСǱĩࡣ
һɰʮı飬˲֪ΪΣĪһĸо
˵ҺؼҵˣҲʵ˺档
Һؼѽȥ˽ĵݣֻܲ鵽ǴӻľͲ֪ˣͺͻȻĳôһˣûоݣ֪סַ֪ϸ
ңʲô˺İҵﶼɽֵˣһγҲҪһ˵ġ
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ϾŶǰ˵׺͵ɵ廹үү˲ţ񾭲һ
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ȼմķ仯ҽƮɢڿγһ󣬶Ǿ־ô˷֮УȹڴʼŻһֱȫ
ҴˣҴˣң
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һ⾫ȻǧĵУȴֲдµķ䣬ղһҲֻװװƶѣƾıǴ߶ѣ޷ֵԪ
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834 ֮Ԩ

834  ֮Ԩ
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ǳл綼ʮǿֲĴڣȻöֻ֣֮֮Ե
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ûĻӦ볤֮ˣȻִ֮֮ţȻǰһ֮أ
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֮ԨǺΣյĵطǳһ֮أҲͬǽǵĴڣҪȻ뿪˳ľͽ
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ûа㿴ʲôʵĸоô
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ʱĻе˪ɢ˰ɫĹâڹâ£ԿԿһССתţŹâʧҲӡ
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Цţǵһۡ
㲻㱧뿪ɣ
һ㣬ڶ㣬֮Ԩǳһ㣬ضΣأĲǱŵһ·ذɡ

835 

835 
˵ˣ˪Ǵ˵веĶһ뿪˳˼һᴦΣ֮С
Ͼ棬ɱ˶ᱦѾǼҳ㷹ˡ
ҪȻأ˪˳ԣ
ĵһ»бŵӦù˳Եˡ
Դ澹Ȼֻųԡ
εҡҡͷ
źĴСıúʣѱණװҶ˵ıУɡ
Ҳã
˵ţİѱеĶ˳ŽıС
ôǶˣҶɱԽı
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һѾôذ֮⣬Լǿߣ̾ΪķȻв֣ɶǼƷеļƷҲò뽪з
˵˲˲ɣοһ·кܶɱҵĻᡣ
罪˵һѩ֮ɭһ·ΣմҴңĶԼɱģȫڰ·֣һʲô˵
׻˵ƾŸоߣͶˣ
̵ܽ˵ĸǺεΰ֮ˡ
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836 

836 
ģ˿ǰĻ棬һһĻԲ۵ȵȵĴЩ޷ĵġ㵡
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ģǽҲδֳ档
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һע⣬ֱҲĶҧһڣ߶˳ѪҺϵߣǰһҲ𽥱ģ
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˵¶ͱûһϵСӴġ

837 

837 
ڽߣĵĶͷ¶Ỵ̄ķ
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ۣѾݴʱĸܡ
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839 ô

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840 ˪

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841 鷳

841 鷳
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ǿϵ֮У˿־Խһ˺顣
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˵ģ˳е֮⣬⻹һμΪ˸ˡ
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صĵͷڤҹӣʮüΪֹǼĺͯһ㣬ڱ˿ڤҹһն
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˭˵أ¼м˳˿ΣʼĿɵ
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ԭΪֻŮѣû뵽ҪеĻҪغܶࡣ
ͲףͬǻҵѪЩϼһôԼĮ
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ҳϻ£㿴ſ׵Ļǰһһҵ׼Żǰá
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Ȼҵʿ֣ĺȷˣʿ߳˴š
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ĿеʧǶԸĮʧɡ
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ȻɵɵϣܶԼ
ΪҵŮȻ޷ΪʧһβȡúΣ㲻ҪصˣһҲûŮ

һ͵̧ͷŵĿԼĸס
ΪԼûȡĳɼҪɨسţ׼һ̤ô
Ҫ˵ʲôԵģ벻࣬˻֣ʾ뿪ҡ
һԵĻ峤ԭҲҪſ˵ʲô飬ȴڻĿ֮ˡ
ΪŮĻ뿪ѾжʱˣȻԴȥ֮ұδʲôůһֱҪŬ֤Լ֤ȻǸŮǶԻôġ

850 ֱĻ

850 ֱĻ
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ڤҹѰŽĵ߿ȥһ仰ȴýĸеЩ档
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һĲԷһǸ֣ұԼΪҪ߳ܶ࣬δ˵ĳ֧࣬ԼԼжϳǻ롣
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ڤҹҡҡͷʾԼûκθо
Ϊĵһĺܿġ
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ڤҹһֱԹԵһûдŽģֱԼǰ
ģ㲻ҪģҲۣĲۡ
ɵϣ㲻һôôɵҵ
һڤҹһԼһûڤҹֱۣҵû˵ͷ

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罣ڽǰһ̣ϵĺâҫɫĹޱǿ߱ɱ֮ڿС
ǻҵ߻սɳ㡣
峤ܰǧܽ罣ˣȻǻҾҪ˸ˡ
ϲôڤ粻ء
ĿһֹĻҳϣЦҺ⼸ҳϺúõĽһϵ
罣ң֮ĶԹƽϢǻ˸ҲҪȰ֮Ȼ罣ңؼҺڻǻһڱ߹½İͼʧĸɸɾ
һһĻص˶ߣŻҵĳǣƢټ׿ϣֻҪͼӴ׵һһ֮ڣұʧĸɸɾ
˵ô˵Ҳǻļ壬һҲİԼܲܰôǡ
лˣȻ峤ôг⣬˶˰ɡ
罣վڻҴǰ˻һۣ볯Žĵ˵ͷתȥ
ȻصջʱѾǺҹˣڤҹվڿջſڽõŽġ
ɫһĽģĿ罣ϡ

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罣ǻҵǸսնɱ˶ٵйͷ­˵Żҡ
罣ڽĵУ񲻽Ŀ
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һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĽ罣˻
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񣬻뾹Ȼ׼罣ɣҪ罣
һٶʲôȻýĶ˵Խģо˻һҪ¶Ȼ벻Ϊ
硭罣
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罣ʲôȻˣлҵ峤ӵ罣ܴ罣ս
罣дǹǻľ
Ϊʲô
ǻǲ⣬Żҵ罣Ϊλ׼佻Լ
ûʲôΪʲô۰ġ
ĴһǷһڤҹˣʾɫˣϽȥϢɣʲô׵⣬һо͵ȵʱʰɡ
գջ
罪ԤϵһɫδʱװĻڿջ֮С
ڻǰŴҵ罣

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Żϵľٶǻ峤ĻǾԲὫ罣˵ġ
һԼɣŪʲôҾʲô⣬ڻҪ罣ӻͬģҲҪ߳ҡ
ŽĵʻĿ⿴ǰŮš
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֪ԼһְĸףҲ֪Դȥ֮󣬻¶Żע⣬ŮҸ
Ƽ鷢ϣŮԹ⣬ҲҪŮԶԶ뿪ҡ
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Ϊ֪ô㣬ΪҲȲѣΪ˲㲽ùõĺ󳾣ΪԶԶ뿪ǷǷǵĵطΪҲֻѡĮˡ
һ˲䣬ʮһ㣬еĹâŻʱܰ
ǶǴǰˣڻδҶѾزȥǰˡ
ŮδŮֻ룬ǲĲãõġ
ᣬͬڻۿдתһֱΪԼΪΪŮӣ͵һսɳŲõġ
񣬻ˣʵһֱԼģֻһԼķʽ
ŮĴδԹ
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֪ΪһֱǴʯĽңΪλҵÿŮӶҪ͵ʹ֮С
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¶ĵ˵ͷЩù˵
Ů֪һЩҺʹʯĿʵ۹ͬ˽ɽЧڻʵۣԸΪʯĽػŻǧ꣬Ϊ˱ʾм֮飬ÿһλʵ۶ҪȢŮΪޣΪ󡣡
˵ŹڻҺʹʯһЩ飬ļѻҲձ鶼֪İ汾
ǣȴԶˣ˵ЩԵΪһرͼѡ
ʯʵΪ˲ûҵ˶̲رͼԣ֮󣬱һ˵
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Ȼ˻ľ֮ģûȫ뿪ʯڻΣǾҪԼˡ
ˣʱҲˣҵصңǾ͵ʲôҲû
£봩˺ɫĳۣԼʵʵ뿪˿ջ
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š
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˵ʯĿʵǲë˽һҵĶɶɽˮĺõضΣ֮أʵΪɶǽԱߡ
߳϶಻˵һǲǵзˡ
ҪǼֽýĻͱߵˡ
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ң֮󷨺鲼ֻҪߴһػٲ֮أ֪ôġ
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ŮʬķĹȻһʬʬˣɡ
û뵽ĻʬΪǹвеħ֡
ӺŮǲǶ壬ôమΪʲôᱻɱ˫ۣӻɱŮӣ
ĵǺʬǾùеӾһɵӣɶ˵ײͺˣ¸ҵİȥжԶ߶Զ
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˵ŹںͱصܣҲýĵĶƬ̡
˵ʵֵĿֻΪ˺

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859 𼤶զ

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860 ֮

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תۼ䣬һʱŶڤҹߣ뽫ɬҩ֭һһ׵ιȥ
ϵʱ򣬻ҲӻҹİӡŻӡµˣʾȥʹչڤҹ
ȥɣǵ·СһЩҵȻˣʹжȻ˵ĴڣйڻҲҪ˵
֪ˣǿȥأɶôʱø
ͻ֪̰ԣʳŹ
ЦţЦǽһá
ףֻҪǺóԵĶ
ˣ˭Ȣǻ㣬һ˼ٱӵĸ
뿪˿ջڿջչ˻Եڤҹ
ʱһһĹȥչڤҹĽȴ˯˹ȥʱԭڴϳ˯ѵڤҹ˫һ˫īɫӱɫ罪ںеһμһ
һ˫ɫӣӦԵ¹⣬аζС
ڤҹ߽ˣֳָ֣ظŽĵգ䱦һ㡣
ֻǣڤҹָҪӴů֮ʣڽĵϾȻһĨĹâڽ֮С
㣬Ǻˣ
ɫ֮УЩŨҿ
Ŵǹâ֮ɢǿȴη塣
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СһҪθлأ
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861 ôͷɥ

861 ôͷɥ
ԼߵĽģǸŮƫҪװӵģ켣Ⱥ֮С
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ڤҹҪһĽӴĵʱ˯еĽ˫ۣһ˫ż֮⣬ڤҹŷԼ˯˹ȥ
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տڤҹģû뵽˯˹ȥ
ڽʱڤҹһ˫ѾָԭĺɫԣĲδڤҹ
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Ժɵɵĵţ̫ôǰɹˣҷӡ˭⿪
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һ뵽Լܹ⿪ȵΪ֮صˮ׵Ժ˵֣һԼΪԼе˵ġ
ڤҹߵĽĳõδⲻ֪Ļʮǧ
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ң˭֪ڤҹʲôʱܻظ䣬عȵڤҹָ˼֮ڰԼ⿪ӡ
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ܣҪȻôԻɱģڿӦΪԱ˲رͼҪȻôûˡ
ɶûҺƻС棬ͣеģ˵ʲôʹʲôססˣҵˣһǡ
ɣ˵Ļأһȥġ
ǵİ˵Ż췢飬ģͻڤҹĸС̯λŰ۵顣
ȻЩ˿дⲻ˻ƫԶﴫ׫ĳɷֶһЩһ仰ͻʲôõϢ
ͺ񷽲ŵǸƹ˵һ߽֮ⲻ֪ڻ˱ץ֮󣬻ʹ͸ҲͲסˡ
ǱضҪʹˣϾϵ˺ʯ޼˵ֻнװеʥ֮УܽĴڣϽ
ǻ˵ˣôǾǵˡ
ԺǱȽϤŵϵĶˡ
İһдֵֽ˻ûֽϵĶȫðȫ
ȷҪõЩô
ʮȷ
˽еֽ֮⣬һǻڲԱ
ͺ͵һһ񣬱ضҪԴʯĻҡ
ⲻΪ׵ֱʯԪʯͻֱŴʯıȨ
̸ȵģʯ޼ҵţȴЩˣ֮һˡ
ҹɫջУ˯еĽʱһӰڿջ棬лŻѡ
㣬Ƕһ㣡
صջУʲôһʮִ̱ǵζ
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ڤҹвҲܽĴʲô潫ϵĽıڴȼһ̣ٶȱŽ뿪˿ջ

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862 ջ
գ֮䣬ջһƬɡ
ǵҹնƬյ͸
ȷſң
ҪڤҹĻʵЩŤ
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ڤҹĳŽţؽ˷ϣԼЬӴ˽ĵĽϣϵ·ϡ
Ĵڤҹ·ЬӣС͵˴˵·һЩ
ֻڶ˭ҲûĿЦ
ԶͻҲɱƽµĽĺڤҹ³һ
ʹЩ˷ŵĻ𣿡
Ȼʾ䣬ȷʵ϶Ĵ𰸡
ӦǣվһӷϵĽĿǰɵĿջ֮еĺǱ鲼š
вһʯ޼ڿҲûҪˡ
˵˲Ҳˣء
ȻȺ˲úõ취ȥǾͱˡ
ջĴȼһϣȵڶ峿ŽϨ
ðŰ۵ĿջѾΪһƬ棬ջƹڵϰĴš
ʲôˣ찡ɴɱҰɣ
ƹɣջѾӣȥҲԼӸ㻵ġ
СҲ۾ڿջҲõʱ䣬Կջ˸飬Լļһ
񣬼ûˣܺܡ
ǻ˵ˣǿջⲻҪӦԺڵ׵ˣƹΪ˴磬ǿջҲûк˽ԹЦӭΪʲôڰǵĿջ
ƹģɡ
ڿջ֮󲻾ã˽ĺͻڤҹĸ˽ӵ˻ҡ
أĺڤҹ˱ɷĿջ֮ǰſջϰǷϵģзǳ
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Ҫ֮ǲˡ
ƹģڻϸ˵ջպֱӵĹϵǲϾһӶĲġ
ϰ壬°ɣڵĵӲǮ
СȰ˵ƹϾڽĵǿӲ̬֮£ջϰֻһϾ
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ڵ˾ȻڴʯĻʹ˵ԢΪ
ǲɵҸղ˵Ļûôˣ㡣
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864 תΣΪ

864 תΣΪ
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κʱþõҩݣųҲΪӻԹѰҩݣǲܻġ
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һڴϻԲѵת뿪˷䣬ǰ³̺ڵĲ
Ӷҩݵζ̱ǵҩζ񾭽ıš
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УԵȡ
żҵŮŽת뿪˷׼ҪõĶ
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⼸˸󣬶Ȼƽµġ
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⿪ϵպĵӽ˿ϵĸһһɾ
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ŽԹʲô飬иֳһ˿˿Լ޵ı顣
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ӵģڷֱ֮ңȣԺĸ˱ԹΪֻѺͻǰʹѣû뵽ԶԶֹеô򵥡
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ǣڽӴѺͻʱǷⱻӡһһĻɢʮΣյϢϾǱӡߣĸػŻӦᷢʲô顣
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ԭһ̰ӿ̣߸˵ͻȻֽϱƽ͵һС
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ڵ˵ĻǼٵģҲ˵ڵѺͻǰ壬;ﱻٳ֣ڵĵӱˣѲġ
֪Ҳ˵ˣ˵ʲôǱħʥ͵ʹеĿıûļӡɰ·ûˣû뵽Ȼҵ˽ˡ
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Ҳһ׶ˣϵ˿󷨣ңһСĵطʹЧԣղŵľٶǽΪɽǰΪ
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»صǰĻ̽˽ģžĲһһʵ֮Ŀ
ңЩĿۣÿһ仰ÿһֶˣҵǼ˶ôص˺
һڱĩĵдʧĲҩȻѾܵظͶ̥ˣҽҩѣ󹤷ѵȵȡʰƽ𡣡
ڶ´³̺ԣҪ֪³̿ʮ¼ҵˣҳݶǲҪ¼Ҳʲôõ¶һ㰡ҩӰ˵ģʮƽɣֵʲô֢
˵ţվһԵ³̺ϵĿţģҪôжôžǿҪ˵Ƶģ
ûղһĻ¼ҵ³ɽһ㣬а
ԣǼ׵ĩֵܣǱˣԾʮƽ⳥
ģκȣҶүҲӦǼȵݣκĹǹȻκ԰ô˵ҲҪ⳥ʮʮĻƽ𰲸һκܵŵɡ
ẓ̌һϮ˵ͣɲҶǱĩһЩ顣
ʮʮʮټ϶ʮ򣬿ҶүСľ͸ۣɢɢ͸һƽ⳥ˡ
˵֮֮ʱڳȺһ۹⿴Ǳ˵զȥ
ƨǼ֪СݺҲ˵ң֮λ޴ǡ
ݺ
ִɽ¶һ̣ЦֻЦû˿¶ȡ
һһǰɽǰһ˫˫ۣ۵׺˪鲼
ӦңǱĩûԱһ֮أҲˣ
ǵЦԽŨҿһǵĺԴԴϵĴӽϱŷš
һ޷ݵϢݺὭɽҲסˡ
һ̺ܵвڵٻ
ԾſˮɽҪ˵ʲôȫߡ
ʱȺһֱϷ˳Ҫǰҡҡͷʾ¡
ڵСѣǸᣬҶҲǵֶŻ˵Ⱦٶ
ߵߣº͵Цš
Сѣ⳥ǮձżұԺУͷСѸַ̧Ҷ硣
ɰɣȻԸ⳥ǵʧСҲһٵĵôߡ
˵ôĸ˵ŵľٶһǸˣȻڵıĩӣȴκˡ
ôҲǸһӡ
Ϊ̵ĳ֣ջ˿˿ɢһ˲䣬ò׾ۼҲɢˡ
Ҫ½յۼҪһʱˡ
ɽͷţȴǿŽģû˷ŵĿ
־ٶ˺ǲ⣬Ȼˡ
磬ڿʲô
㾿ʲôˡ
ɽѯŽĵݣžûп۵һħħʥ֮ϵħҪŨǧ򱶡
ȻӴħʥô֮Ҳħ˽մȾħġ
ڸղţϵħƸӦʲôµĶһ㣬Դͷǰʱꡣ
ңڱĩӣôҶүѲҪȻŮ޸ңǸȻۺ񣬵үҪ
㡭
ĵ裬ɽĵȻǷŭְ֣˿Լʵݣòеŭѹ
磬Ȼȥɣ齻ҽ
˵˻ɽ㻹ʲôջһȺ뿪żұԺǰ
ֻ뿪ʱɽһһ߻ͷŽģڡ
϶Ҷүǲǿˡ
үġ
İ³һۣ²
ҵҲ̧˻ȥʮţƺſſı̧ߣɨأԺҲûһȥˡ
˻صżұԺУѯŷŷ顣
³̻һһͼӴ׵˵ҵ۸ǵġ
˵ı齫̶Цˡ
ǼǼ棬һ˵Ļ
εĿǰŮǺһСĺӣΪֶЩѶеˣĵĸš
ʱ·ϣ˼˵һЩľΪ˼ˣû뵽ȴһ
Ѿ۷ڵ޴ʦҲǶĶ֣û뵽⼸ӵС
̣Щףҵ˵ȥʲô
ǰ̣͸˵˵ɡ
ֻ֪ϴ뿪żұԺʱ򣬾˳峤֮˭ҪΣԭʲôҲû˵
˲²ţӦҵҪѹȥɱɱ￴תһ룬ںݵҪɱĻʱ԰ΪʲôҪһٶ˽Ѻͻҡ
˵벻׵ĵط
Ѻͻңȷʵ峤´ֻ峤֪ȻҵҲˡ

873 Ҫ

873 Ҫ
˵Թ飬ҵı仯Ȼ֪ġ
ΨһͳѪΪҵѪȫںϣֻнŵ֮أܳ󣬶͵ϰǿ
˭Ҳ뵽ڵصԹЩݷҵ˵ȻᣬͬԹʾڵѺ͵ħʥҪҸ˳ĽڣصңȻɱͳ˳׵׵ʧϡ
ҲΪĹԭڽеļƻ峤Ҳֻ˳˽ץ
ץǶƽ£ǱصңһһЩƤ֮࣬
ա㱻ץȥˣص֮ᱻ̿ʣȻ󱻶η֮С
˵ŽշĽҲеԭ
̣һһ⣬ҰѺ͵ħʥߣĿΪʲô
ղ˵ҵ˺Թ֣ԭħʥҪ͵ʹУȥͻ·ϳƫ߻ҵˣѵ˵ΪƷԹԭеĻȨ
ҲӦ֪ħʥһɢʯͷʯͷ̲֮һǿֻҪȫȫգԿĶġ
˵Źħʥ飬ĵ쳣档
ֶôħʥǿʯͷĴʯͷȡ˵Թˣ߹Ҳ꣬ջᱻ˿ưɣ
ڻң˽⵽˺߹ʮֹϵڻΪ˲رͼԹΪħʥʯͷ
ѲƷ߹ͳΣԼȨô
³̵Ļҡҡͷ
ʯͷȻǿ󣬵Ҳ˶Խģħʥϱӡ䷨䷨˺ˣӴʯͷ˲Ƿ˾ˣҲħȾ
˵ɽмį֮⡣
Ȼ˵ĺǣȴһֱңǲ֪Ϊʲôתˣתͷ
Խܵǣ羹ȻҲʼӴħʥȻûбħʥǣȴҲħȾ
ֲãҴɽϿħ
ʼ磬ε̾һ
̣ȻҲ֪ǿʯͷʲôǺΣգܵĻҡ
ǽĸ̵Ҹ棬ô᲻֪ħʥΣԣûлȨҼ˵ʵܿˡ
ҲеΪɫһ⡣
̣ԹĻʵ֪Ѿ͸˻ʹô
ȻԹĻʵҲ͸ĳ̶̫ҲЩӦˡ
̺ԹĻʵʶҲǴС飬һһǻΪԹĻʵۣ֪һΪһ
˭Ҳ뵽ͻȻҪӦҪ⻼Щ֮رҲǽһʱŻصԹҡ
һμ»ǰ֮ǰ飬Ѿûе׳־еֻǱ·
˵Թʵ۵飬̧ͷ˿ߵˣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
̣Ǹæ¡
ֻҪܰϵģһǣǲ֪龫Ҫʲô
̿Žģ֪СһҪʲôżұԺ淢飬ѾڱĩΪУǵЩСһİΣ
Ҫȥʵۡ
Ǽ˼ƻеһ֣Թұ͸Ҳˡ
Ҫ׵׵ʵмƻҪӦҪ֧֡
ڴʯһлʯ޼׿ϣǿԷſֽһУȻʯ޼˼Σգʯͻҵ˱ɾǼ˴Ӯĵһʤ̡
ԹңţҲһϣĩ߸Щ顣
Ҫʲô
ٺ٣ģǾԲõ飬֮Թʵ۵æ
ҪȻ򵥣̯ӻˮøӻǲʱԹϿϷ
ðɣǵȵҹɫһЩ֮ǰʹ
ҹɫԹ
ĩ߸׼һǰʹصء
ڤҹҪԹԵżұԺ׼뿪֪ôҪǶˣһܵĵġ
ģһԹĻġ
ڤҹĵͷʾԼԲߣŽĻ
ԣʱóԵġ
תĸ뿪żұԺżұԺĴŹغϵһ̣ڤҹӰ˲ʧԺС
ոմųƿţſŵĹϢëġ
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ʢ׵ϣզһ˺ëֱĸо
ų˽ϵ·ûж룬һ۱Ժ˵ĵƻȼҲȥ˻ʹ
ҲĸϽȥżţ͵˵һ˵
ӣһҪһ
ԭҪκȵû뵽һųֻ뿪Թǰż֮ء
һߣĩ߸˸̴ӻʹŽ룬һֱǰ鷿
ҹĻ鷿ĵƻš
ŵ̫࿴ߣС鲽ǰеЦⶼѵǡ
ˣµʱ䣬ÿÿء
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۵ĿһӦڴϵӰ̫Ľ
ص̾һеˮȻӿҪȰţһͻ޳
ȥɣ²߲ѾˣȥĻһ᰾סġ
֪ˣｻҰɡ
ūһԺˡ
˵һߣ̵һˡ
Ǳ˵ĻȻһЩ˵ʲôǱεˣȻ졣
ƿ鷿ţŵǵ۵˺ǲá
Ѿ˵ٴˣûҪ鲻鷿˵ǶԷô
ŶǴˣȱʲôʱʱʲôʱ
˵ţתߣʱϵһŭȡ
վס
֣֮ŭ
һ۵Σһһ̡߽
ôҷվס
ЦţЦ쳣ᣬЦǿű˲ڻ
ǰδŮӣԹĻʵε̾ϢţŭѾɢ
㻹֪滹Ϊ˽·ôء
ĻŨŨԹ֮⣬޳ָĥ̵ĳеİ¶š
վıĩ߸㿴ҿ㣬ǸоһŨŨϢ
ԣԹĻʵ۶СĴ治졣
Ǵ˶ʵ۶Ȼģο˻÷ء
ǱôԺô̿кܶ׷ģŲΪء

874 ˴˱˴

874  ˴˱˴
ĿڿԹʵʱ͸֮ᷳ顣
֮гֱ飬ԭġ
Сӵʱ㣬һܺԼ̣Ϊˣô˵вԼ
ÿÿ뵽˴Ĳϲ֮иһ֡
˵λڵ޵ʱܷСһЩ
㲢ǺʱڵˣϾѵýһΣҪץÿһÿһɡ
κΣȺڵӱ˵̫󣬻Ĵ治죬ĻΪԹĻʺˣǹ˼ΣĻ
ڱĩӣԹ¡
İ³һۣ⼸Ҳǣ˵˻ͲСһ㣬˵ץ˰ɣ
ԽΪף˷׷
ڵĵޣǲҪ顣
Ǵϻۡ
ϵЦ÷Żһ˲Ҳ仰Ŀ޻Ǹܡ
˵ɣǼʲô顣
ϣԹĻʵۣڵ֮С
ÿһΧһɫĹâ֮ҲֻϲŻḡֳʥϢΧƵǻǵİ֮
һʵΧƵǻǵİ֮ҲʹҵѾߵ˶㣬
鷿УĿ㣬˵Ǵ˴νĿģҽʯҺͻҷ˵˸
ӦҲܵϢʯҺͻҵѾɾȻⲻ֮ˣڵĴʯҺͻѾ°ѿ˴ʯ˷ˡ
Ȼ֪ʯԼҷ飬ԭҲȥżұԺѰҼˣκʱ䷢Ͼ˼
޵ǵļƻʲô
Ȼˣһƻ
ȴŽһοڣ˿ԶһӰʾ³̺˽ץס
µĻʹҲǰȫ֮ء
Ļе˼ڳÿһ˶ף³ץסǸŴС̫һϸʳʲôǼϸһҧ˲еĶҩ
ǰС̫࿴һˣǾЦ볰֮⡣
³̣ĸܣǷκƶö룬ɱ˾С
ף
ĸ˷ֱվ鷿ĸ֮УѲÿһ䡣
վ鷿Уվǰ˵ƶļƻ
ƻԽԹҵȫǣҪµϺ׼ԼĳЩȨſʩС
ԹʹʯȻ˵һ£˵͸𽥽ȫȨļܿա
˼ƻŻڼǧʱУһһ͸߹͸ʮ棬߹˵ϻС
Ĳòǻۣһ㣬ˣҲֻһ㡣
Ǳġ
˲ĩֻ֣֮뿪صں취ڤҹָ䣬ȻԼ˯ӡصˮ
淢ô츲صı仯޹ء
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Ȩ޷ŸôȨҪ޷ΪԹةΡ
Ļ뿪Ц棬ҰҰ죬һĨЦ⸡ֶ
ةࣿ԰ּĻȻְ
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Ϸԡ
һϷԣһ俴ЦĻģĴһĨЦŨҡ
ة࣬ϸ˵һ˵ļƻô
ȫԣΪЧǳӦ֮¡
ĴةĽɫУ˵Լļƻ
ƻ֮УԹúǣ˽ʯҵ߹ʮ嶼ˮ
Լ뷨ọ̈̄㶼ŽüŽΪļƻ
֮ʣ˼֮һοڡ
㲻µ̫ôͣȲʤȯ
ܣҲһڱĩĵӰˣƿȫֵĴǻۣ˵ˣƿȫҲûǿʵӦδ֪ĸ֡
ʵʵ˵ûпͨûʲô
Ϊһ㣬ͻ
˵޾ԣ˭Ҳ뵽ôһǼССڱĩӽ͵ĸӻǡ
˵һ߸˰ˣһǱĩ޵ӣеķϲİ༶
ƾ߸˵ôὫַת塣
Ҫģ˳ƶΪڼ䣬һƬͻǲˮ͵ĸӻǶѡ
ȻΪҪĻ߹ʮ֧֡
£ҵļƻΡ
һ
شŽĵ⣬þһĸ˵һС
ǰʮĿ꣬Ƿ֮кԨһ˿ʲô
ʮֵĺ棬ʲôˡ
Ȼһ»ѡôȥأ
ʣȴյĴ𰸡
һһĻԲ׽ܱʲôʮǿ
ȻѾ˴𰸡
˵һ
һһĻȥһԹʯκȵȣʮ壬ľƶѾˡ
˵͸ڻв߹ѾǴǰ߹ˡ
̬չȥ߹ջᱻȫȫȡ֮Ǹʱ򣬼Ҳ췦ˡ
βƴȫһβʤԲһǷȥ̬Ťתʷ²֮С
Ǳ£ӢǺ͵ʶˡ
һνĿѾɣԹʵվߡ
һ飬һʱ£֪ܷһĴ𰸡
˵ħʥɡ
һھ˵˽ļʳڵ⡣
ħʥԹ˾ռĽʲô⣬ȥ¥ȥʴ˾ɣˣڵԹةͽ
ةͽݣ£ĩ߸˿˵ڻʹɴ
뿪鷿ߵ֮ʱס̡
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ǾԲʲôֵ飬Բᣡ
һţԹʵۺܲġ
Сʱʼԭ򡣡
ǣ˴˱˴ˡ

875 

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ȻЩ¶̣ѵ֮һﻹԲġ
ϲһԹʵǲϲƨ档
ǰò״ӻʹ뿪ѵüһ׼˵һò˼֮࣬СƨӾͻһʶǲжʱ䡣
û뵽ô˻ʮַС
㣬ҲˬĿһһ֮һǱĩΪ侲ĵӣ񣬾ɵСһ˭Ҳ˭
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ĵĻͷΪʹе̫࣬Ȼ֪˵顣
ΪȻܴ¶еĻᣬ뵽Ȼ⵽˶ͻȻʱ̫ӵı²òٵǻӦԹ顣
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ƺЩ˽⣬顣
ĵһ仰һ漴εҡҡͷ
λʵūҲˣ±㱻ʹӦ
ЦЩˣƻʲôһ㣬ĵ˵顣
ҲŹԼݵһЩϢԭСʱͱͽ˻ʹ棬ʱС̫ܾĥǻ̫ӵȻ·û˵Ĵˡ
ūȻˣѾʧ͸ˡ
Ǹ֮˺ķǧʱ͸߹ʮΪʲôĪҪԼȨ
һʼľ⣬ĻҪһǣֻΪ˽µĹô
λӦû֪ɣ߹֮ǰһʮǿĹҽ󳯡
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ڶʢ󳯺ڣ𽥱Űֳż鳼ɼ鳼ɱҳ˰յȵΪ󳯵İÿ춼ˮȵ֮С
ڣܲסǽҸͶ𣬿󳯺ǿ󣬰ǿԷɵľӸԶԿ󳯵ʿ
ʱ󳯵λ˳ӦַĶ֮УĸҲ׷ײ롣
ڼѶս֮Уλڹ󳯵Ķǡ
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Īǡ
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Ȼ𣬵ļӽ˳֮󣬽壬ǧı֮Уһ󣬽͸߹Լʮȵ֮С
ΪıǴӸ߽߹ԼĴڣգǸ½󳯡
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˾Ȼ󳯻ҺᣬҲ˵ΪҪķǧʱļƻˡ
뵽˴΢΢һ£뵽˻˵Ļ߹еĲرͼ᲻ıء
˾߹еĲرͼǷйϵ
Ҳֽ롣
ǽĻʵۣ󳯵Ҳֻ࣬ǰܴһԭΪڵľβڵҲǳĴڡ

876 һ

876 һ
˵˺ǰйϵ
³ڲ׹˾˵ЩԭĿɽô
˵ʼ߹ʮ嶼󳯵ֻ󳯺飬ĳЩʼ߽⣬Ӷγ˶ľ档
˾ʮ߹֮Ĺϵ߽ĵˡ
ϵǧǰĶԹԹǵĳһ˵Ϊ
üĿ⿴³̵ˡ
һʼڱٿһ֣߹Ϊһ̣߹ڣʮ壬ÿһնΪϵӣĿʲôǲġ
Ϊĩĵˣľһֽ롣
ڿٿֵ˼пǰ󳯵һЩǿĴڣһ˵ǲʲôǽĩļǣǺ᲻롣
õǣǶ֮УҪ뿪Ҳǲܵˡ
԰ӻָᷢ飬Ȼ˹ⰲŽģô˵Ƕڱĩĵӣ˿ˡ
³˵ļǣ߸ھ뿪ԷҲ׾ٵķŹǣ粫һ
³̣Ժκȶ֪еĵ֮⣬׽ڵǵİΣ
о˵һѾչ˽һ󳯵ʵʲôˣ׾ٵķŹǡ
Ѿ֮޷úõطһء
ǺãһоͰǵļƻС
˵ĻŵһҲ
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УȻǸүɳñŮ˻ҪƯ˵׼ʲôͷӶ˲һС
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Сѣڶ֮ǰϷҹΪԹռһԣʾһ֣Թˮ֮С
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޹һͨĽĺǲˬҪǴֱ֪ĺù٣׼һȥѾԿǡ

ˣϿȥԷɣҶˡ
Ϊϳ˸磬緹ûԡ
֪һ糯ͺķ˼һʱ䣬Ͷǰˡ
ƽմƷһм˺ƺƵĻصżұԺ
ҽʦǼְʦڳæţһ԰æ֣ԺųԷļ˵Ž糯顣
˵˵ţżұԺĴͻȻ䱻߿һ죬ԺĴŶ߷ˡ
һϤӣϵ׻δɢҵ˭
Ǵ̿Ҳ֪˱֣ϵӵܣ
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żұԺĴѾˣһȵڵϣһȷɵ˼˵ǰ
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ϻǲħʥ˭Ҳ뿪ϣ
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һᵶ֮ʱеĿ׼ȷڴ˵ֱϣֻһ죡

878 µİ

878 µİ
Ĳ϶ɣȴԹʵɽ֮żȻõһ㽫˿ﵡ
ѿﵸſʵսϱԴˣﵱ㱻Թʥһֱ˽գϴ´
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Ͳˣƾʮʦ޷Ʒĩķϲġ
ֻ˶ȡʤȴˣΪʦɽҲԵ˽С
ⲢһżȻֻѾ뵱յ±˫ۣѾշͳͳԺ
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Ͼĩκ֮⣬༸˶ߣѵ֮£³̵˵ΪѾ뵽۷ߵС
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ħʥôᶪһֱҷôңҵ˽ħʥ￴ܵʮܣ˭Ⱥ˵Ƥӵµħʥ
̣ħʥʧԵ龿ôһ¶˵ĶˣǾʲôȱµħʥ
Ҳұ֤Ҳ֡
֪ǿȷһ飬ħʥǽʧġ
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һֱҸᣬ͸׼һ棬ȻүС㲻վǴϹͷŽүңױȻʲô˵ȴǺӡ
Ϊҵļƻ˼Ҳ׼ԼĶӺܵ
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κȴҩݣҩʲôЧȻˡ
Ĵ˿ﵣҲ׼̤֮ٻ

879 

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³̣һһҵĽС
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Ϊĩϴ磬Ҳ³̣ȻҪֳܵò˺
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ڤҹʼնڽߣһɫ⺮ֻܿɢûбκ˷֡
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Ŀһ䱾ٶ֣Ǳݡ
Ȼҳϵ˵ɫΡ
ʱʮΣϵȻŹǰļСëͷӣκΣǰҲĿ֮ʲôٶֻøԭء
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գïһ仰֮£ղǻһЩ
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ǰ½ﵷ䣬һ˲䣬һɺâɨˡ
ҼҵǰΪħʥʧһħʥﱾڵҪѺͽĻղҼ˵ħʥʧԣٵĲ⣬Ӧڻʹеħʥôأ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦҪôζжôζ
һ仰е˼ѾԲˡ
ħʥ³̣κȺ˱ĩӴӳվѺ͵˻ʹ˽֪ڽԹ֮ʱڽⱻٳ˻ҽĩĵˣΣǽʱϵĻͷ߶ˡ
ص⣬һо罪ԡ
ħʥȻ͵ʹصĶɰ;ٳֱ֣ȡΪħʥسأ
ǰһʵԣˣȡħʥ
ĵ˲֪
˵ڰ֪Ҫ˵˰ʲôľȻ֪ˡ

ȻҵĳǶû뵽ĻʳһʱЩסˡ
գһһֱڵĳϣһʮֱеĽڽ˽ĵʡ
ħʥʮΣգǾʹóóȻ빬УȻ˼壬Ҳڰ;Щȡħʥˣŵȵһʱ֮ڽħʥʹ֮У˭뵽Ȼʧˡ
ŶλϾͻɵͷϣô

880 ϶Ǹ̳

880 ϶Ǹ̳
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Ѿͬе𾪣³һղŲĲǱ˵ͷǹǡ
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ڻĹѨΪԹսķܵµļνǰĻ档
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ڰ׵ıڻϣүѾ˰˿־ħʳ˵Ѫɱ޹Ůǻĥ˵
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СӵԽԽˣĵǿϱĿ⣬Уǿֶӵչȥ
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磬ΪǶ㣬ľ֮Բһֱûж֡
ǰ磬ˣʧˡ
ҵļ˵һǽï굱ֳԴģϣïЧ󳯣ҾͿ԰ȻһΪʮһָĴڡ
ѵǶ˸׵Ľ̻ô
žһïվϣ˲䣬ķѵҳϵ˷׷ס˿ڡ
үӣȻҵļ϶Ѿѡ񣬿޷Ȱ˵ǻתˡ
ʼգĶվһ˫ֶżï̸ֵܼ
˵ʵĽǶȿïҼ⼸ֵܸ֮ʮŨ
ˣҳΪγٳûжï궯֣ïҲûжԼʹɱ֡
ΪԷȰ˵˴˼뵽ԼӪ֮Уֱڣһ㴰ֽͱˡ
죬нͣôڵľ档
۳Ͻеìͷָ˽ģýһͷˮ
ʵô͸ңҪܿңҴ³̵˵ħʥˣСүùȺ顣
һ˵Ķ۳ϣ˿ͷӵԿǣװǲʺ
һеӵϣǺǣǱ¿ˡ
һҲӦĿľȰ˵Ƿ˵ļƻأҲúͱǣǸ»ţҪȻ
ҪȻôѵΪƾڵļϲľǸ׳ƳͶЦ
ҵĳϹЦЦǳ顣
Ҳںʼ磬һҩ͵˿С
ֻǽģκȵ˽ǽһҩ
һ㣬ʱҲӦõˣһ
һµʱվڴһһĵ˵ϣһ̱ĺһȫòһ˿һ
ǡǾȻֱɵֶΡȻ¶
еҳָŽģ޳ܵȵȵĻ
Դ㡣ûָ̹ôСĸι
һ߿ҳϣеˣһһ٣ոպã
үͱˣղŲǸѡĻôûϧֲ
ţïһҪѡ⣬ѡңѡ壬ô򵥡
ï˻֣ʾѾȺʱҰҵȥȫ
ܣܣĵܣĪҪΪĺݣֻѡӪҲˡ
ҩЧ֮£е˸ãֻҰΣ׸
һʱ䣬ŨҵѪϢï˫ֱ󣬲ĿԼ˱ɱĳ档
վҵѪȻҲ˵ѪǱϾֵǸӣΪػǧĻҵΪػѾʧȥһУˣΪ䲻ˡ
үү
ߵïߣ˫ï֣Σ
Զѹȥ˼ɾҰ׼һϵʱһǿ飬Ǳһķѿ
峤飬Ȼ˲ҵļ¶ɱҵˣ
һ˼£Ȼֵ˹ͷˡ
ԶĴֻ֮£һɫȹŮ欵Ĳһˡ
Ů󣬻ʮźµ֡
߲ƣ߲İ˫ʾ˽䱸ӦʱᷢΣա
ŮˣȻ򵥡
ϣڵǼӣÿ湻εģҺϲ
ŮӲ֮Уһ˫ŵĵˡ
֪ǲǴǾȻںŮӵпһɫâͺǶ˼Ұǿʵһ˻ڡ
ǺˣȻôլ
ҵİǰеĳֹŮٽһ˭֪ǺŮֻǵ˵ָһǿ˲ᴩҰ塣
ˣŮָҰ壬ֻһһ̣ȻͳҰࡣ

900 ֶβ

900 ֶβ
⻭棬ʵ𾪡
ǺŮӵΪ̵ֶΡ
һ˵ͳ۾գһ£Ľеһߡ
Уʲôֵô
Ůһ̧ͷе̹ɭ
Сܵܣ㿴ǳòͺͽȥǳ˱źΡ
˵ţŮǰһ˷ŵľٶҰǰ³͸ղŵһࡣ
źŮǿΪʾȲҪ
λĽ㣬֪ķء
ĵĻǵúŮЦһЦ˹ͷ顣
⣡
ĿһκȣҲ˲ԾŮһһ棬á
ֲǻͷؽᡣ
СܵܣͿ𣬼ס֣ȥҪү˭ɱǵġ
ŮӸûŹڳκһˣԽΪ׵ıĩˡ
Щ棬ɲôëͷСӵ棬ôҡ
Ŷԭ㣬һ㣬Ϊһɱô
Ȼأ߶ѣҿ۷ʦֻһ㵽ʡ
߽ģΪ۷ʦ֮УʱձΪʣֻߣʱʮǧ
ǹӽ̬ȣ·жһ㣬˿˷С
Ǳĩʲôãһ㣬װơ
˵ǴʦҲ٣ǸɲҲˣ˸۷ʦǾΣ
Σ£ҪȻôŮҲûŹǣ㿴ӽǾһֱǼĪĿǡ
ɣҲĺôôŮ˭Ȣؼң˰˱Ѫùˡ
ĩļһһȫӵɫжôѿ
Ҫ֪߿ǳˣ׷˼֣񱻼ëûܺӵڳ裬һʵȥ
Ѱ·ԭ׼ȫʬҲˡ
Ϻǣ⻰˵ĿȻĸֶˣװʲôʴȡ
ȻֳֵԭֻһǽԾ󻼡
ǰһµ֣ɷϣ߸Ů˵Ķ֣ǻǾ仰ѾˣĴΪڵӶΡ
һĸɴ࣡
ǺǣȻô˵ˣҲͱֽĺˡ
˵䣬һ˲³ǰ³̻عһҪ࿪ʽվ˰ģӲİһơ
һƽʵʵĴ³̵ϣ³һѪӿ˽Ųţɻǿûе¡
ϣȻ˵ǸߣЩһ˵ҪǿһЩǸĺӣֻעˡ
űĩ߸ˣűɱ֮ģҪ˲ɾ
ԭΪȻڵļѣΪλὫԹƵأɲҲøʬ޴³
㱼䣬ɫӰһγ³ǰ˽³̵һ̣һ³̣ʾ˺ˡ
ǲĶ֡
һ˲鶢һһò˵۷ʦ˿־壬߸˾ƴһҲֻѻʯķݶˡ
οֻôһˣڳĺһֵĻҪʧˡ
һԵĳڣһֱʾȴïߣʣµԸ
˵ǶԸҲֻ˵һЩʱ䣬ȡ뿪ʱ䡣
ôߣ˭Ҳ̤ҵĴţȻˣĽվǵļա
ϷڣҶȺһԣ
ïһǰȫϢǿѹ˷ϮǿߵǿߣҪǿһ֡
˽֪ҵ峤Ǵڹ֮ˣΪȻͣ߹ռһķ
ɱ˲֪ȴܲõïΪѾ;ƿݣЩажֽţïΪҲֻװװӶѡ
꣡
һĻЦЦǳı顣
үӣǶʮǰ㣬һɵ֣ڵΪҵĶ֣һЩɡ
ҲͿïǿţĿʲôȻö˵
Ǿ仰죬һ˶û߳š
ɫʯ
˺ɫʯܹ֣ɫʯκȵıУκҪóɫʯʱԼٶȳ֣һƺݺݵػκȵļϡ
Ѿͷң
Σ
ֻһУ㽫κȵ۶ϣǿžҵʹκþɫʯġ
һκȽɫʯģٴμһƻκȵҼ

ۿźɫʯҪ˽Ҳƽǰǿ׼ȷϮġ
վڽڤҹϹһŲһǰһֻ̣ĻƣѪҺ˺ɫʯ֮ϡ
ڽѪںɫʯһ̣һҫ۵ĹâӺɫʯԴԴϵıŷâǿޱȣյ˫ۡ
ţڹâɢһ˲䣬һɫϢϵɢţգҶΧУֱԹĶǶΧС
ʲô
ſŨҵϢϵ³̺κϵһΪҽ˿ڡ
Ļӡ亮ɽʱ㷢һΡ
ôһ£
ǻ˲⣬ڤҹˡ
һ亮ɽ˺ɫʯеⶫֻħܴ򿪣ҽ䷢ӵá
źɫŨеһɫӰ֮УЦ⽥Ũ
ԭˣ
ԭֵڤҹƶһߣؿǰһУ֤ʵһԼĲ뾿ǲġ
ţǿĿ־֮鲼ң޷ݵѹǵصϮ
ں֮е䱸Ķܣһ˫ɫ֮ʱȥ
ǺˣװŪ
ź߳ӰǵӰ֮һ˫üšһ
ģ
ԣ
˲ǽġ
һ˫һ㣬Ҵϲɢħǿ󣬾Ǻˡ
˽Լ֣ħĽľˡ
̧ͷɫķмɱ⡣
ϡ
һӣɫŨ˲ûһѺɫĳֻ˲䣬
ħɵĳֵ̫ͻȻӦ㱻ݺݵĴ˼

901 ħ

901  ħ
߾ҵʹ򱻴̴˵ħĽģоǲ֮⡣
Ǻˡ
ǺˣһʣȻȰɱңҪ׼
ħĽĸκοڵĻᣬ˵˲䣬Ӱ֣ħûĳһϮգۼ䣬㽫̴
һѷźɫħĳᴩ壬ǰһ̻ޱȵȴֻĿԼɱ֮
ܡôܣ
۷ʦΪλᱻһ
ܣԲܣ
ǰĲ⣬һͷʱֻʣ±ɱ⣬ʮѺɫĳûһҵĨɱ
ڴʱѾħ˵Ľ˵˵ϻ磬Ҫ顣
ҲΪħǣķֲǵѡ
ǿϢںɫŨУһΣʮѳƾճֻ֣ҪĶһͷұҲûκһˡ
ڽļֵʱһ˫ִӺнڻС
ڤҹӵŽ뻳ĳϣİŽѾħ±˵˼
ܿеһĻȻ֣ᷢڽϵħԴԴϵ뵽ڤҹС
ڤҹŵĻ̌ͷһ˫ѪɫķʧȥħϢɢһ̣Ŀ³ħ֣˹ȥ
ĻԹȥͬʱԹĺɫҹ˲ɢ
ɫСʱǰֻһ˵ʬ壬״ֲ
ģģ
һԶϮñĩÿһ˶Ϥ쳣ֲȷǲ
ֱӰң³̵ǰſ˲˭
ɡӦôΪλԹҡ
Īȫ𣬽ĻԲѣΪһ˫׵üͷšһѯ³̵˵Ƕʲô¶
ʦôҡ
³̺κȶˣʱΣټĵҩ³̺κתΣΪƤ˻ҪһӲſɡ
ôңҪϷ򲻼ʱǻ֪ᷢʲô¶ء
ڵ֪˱ĩǰʯԹ󣬱뵽еһЩ顣
Ϊ˱ԼİͽˣͣεĴȥʯҵǸСȴ˵ԹִӴʯԹ
ڰʱǰյԹ⣬һǿħΧħŨҡ
ɾϵҵʱħȴ˲ɢȡ֮һ˵ʬ壬ԼԲѵĽĺ˵³κȡ
ô£Ϸһһ仰˵
Ϊĵ˵ʦǾԲῴԼͽһٶı۸
˵뿪֮飬еŭĲһһһƱ㽫ĵϡá
ãܺã浱Щ겻¾Ϳ۸ӵͽܡ
Ż׵üͷеŭҪôŨҾжôŨҡ
ǼϷ֮Ϸڡ
£׼뿪ңȴסˡ
ȥ
ȥЩʲô˼
ˣʱһȥʱҲʧӰ٣ֻһĿű˴ˡ
ѲɣҪȥô
ʱУ³̺κȵԺתһЩڸҩݵĵ£ֻҪʱָɣ֮ȴһֱ˯ţջû
뿪Թǰʻȥ
ϣԾǻԲѣڽߵĻбôˡ
ʲôʱ
ϷҲ֪ûʲô󰭣ǿҷġ
ҲЩ⣬СѾͷƬѾûʲôˣôѲأ
֮һҪҩúõĲһ飬Ѿͷô¡
ڻ˵ĵǣڤҹԵõȻ˺ܶࡣ
޳ĴžزŽĵգ˫ôᡣ
յһԺУԤϵһĵݺǸӣѪħһ档
ԽԽ˺ˣСѾͷʲôݣȻħǿ
һг֮󣬱ĩǻصڣԾû
ҹɫڡ
ҩڸһ֮ۻ׵ĺʾ뵣ġ
⺢ԼڤУ飬ֻҪһЩʱѡ
˵½ĻԵҪԭǿɫľʯ
Ǻɫʯħʴ˽ģԲѡ
ⶼ˯ôˣٲӲô
ܵô࣬զĿԼͽһߡ
ҩͷ취
¶ϷҲǵһμΪң˵ˣ㱦ͽûɶ¶ǻ˯ˣҪô
һҩ϶Ūιȥ
ϼһԽԽȥˣѾѻ˵װףȵСѾͷڤ˳Ϳˡ
˵ˣͽҲ˺ô
Ȱô
ʦû¶ˣҵѾˡ
κЦţʾԼû¶лʦˡ
Ⱥ˸ӣȻôص֣Ϸһ嶾һʣ
ҩһĵϧԼͽܣôˣܿ۵̫ˣòô񣬻ȺӸˡ
ܲܰ㣬ӵͽܻ˯
ҩһۣ۵ĿŽģȴǵҩŭˡ
զͽܾУҹͽܾͲˣôô
ϣҩͷǲܣŲϷһ㣡
˻ҩҲŭˣеҪ
ôģΪϷ㰡ŲϷһ㣬
ۿҩҪˣ³κ˷׷ǰȰܣ˵˵ǰλ
֪ʦƢô
ǾǣҩүҲˣʦǳƢֲǲ֪˶ϵǣǸ˻ء
κȺ³̵ļ仰˼˳̹һ¡
˵ˣ˸ҩͽܣǻˡ
ͷϷտȺգϷҪȥһ⣡
ȥˣϷڻʱѾȥ塣
ҩͷȥͽǱ𣬻ƻ˶ˡ
ҩһ΢΢һ
ˣ
Ƣ˽³̵˾ûʲô³ҩע⵽һĺ⣬Ѳɷʲô飿
³̣ǼɽʦƲˣҪõľƲˣ֪ô

902 һɥ

902 һɥ
ҩֻ³̱ĩļˣͷʲôǲǺܹġ
ⶼ˯ôʱ䣬ٲĻҲܲ˵ġ
˵ĻҪ˯ã
ҩүү˵ôû¶
Σ˵ô᲻Ľġ
ɽǰɽµСһЩƲˣȻصҰɽʱȴѾĽںˮ
ģˣ
ģˣ
˹˱æǰ¿֪ͣȷϽ֮һֱŵһ
ʲô飬ԶѲƵġ
ɤʮָɿʣһˮһˮĺţɸպȵ룬ڤҹ㽫ˮӽĵж˹
ո˺ôˮȰˡ
ڤҹ˵ǣȰˣůůθȥһЩӵĲҩ
κȥһЩҩϾĻôãȻƽ涼ǿҩĹЧάվһʱûнʳгһЩ嵭࣬ȻںһЩҩݡ
ңҲֻܺڣڤҹ
һôôţֲ˯˼ôá
ڻԵʱһֱԼʶ棬֪ʲôԭʶеķӡѷһЩ
ԴԴӷӡ͸Ȼָ⣬ÿһë׽뵽棬ָо޷ݡ
ңһķһڵΪѾ֮ǰǸˡ
˵ƽ侲ҲãǻҲգôһһı鿴Լֲˡ
ĵĻ⵽һǰۣſˮʾ⽪İ䲻Ļջȥ
˵ʲôɥأ
ģô
ΧϤĳ裬΢΢ü
ǵԼڻ֮ǰңκȱ۶˫ۣؼʱԼѪ˺ɫʯ档
֮أ
֮ʲô飡
ԣѾڰ֮ˡ
µʱ䣬ټϴԹǰڵ·̣˹
ֲáֲҾȫأ
ʱͷؽᣬоҪƮƵģȫòκεڤҹĲ֮
ԭԼԻ֮󣬾Ȼ˯ôõʱ䡣
ǿ˵˵ʲô飬ҾͼǵҰѪ˺ɫʯ֮ϣȻأ
û֮ļ䣬ҲǵԼħһĻֻǵúɫʯųҫ۵ĹâȻ˹ȥ
ɫʯסڹâŵ˲䣬˿ȵȥ֮һ˱ɫĳ̴壬ˣ
û뵽ɫʯֵ֪ܿ龹ȻģҲģҪȻǶꡣ
³һһ˿ҡ
ںɫʯãҪȻǵĺ롣
ʵ򣬵һĻɫħţ˱ħĽģڤҹѾѾΪʬǵ֮⣬û֪оʲô顣
ˣһ˵ܻù񫣬ʧ֮ˣǲ֪֮棬ǹƥĴأĸɱ߰˰ˡ
һ˶սĸ֣ȻûۿϣҲʮֵˬ
ӴʯԹǼʶֵɲ߻㹻ʵѹǡ
ʹ壬ΪѸ棬֮ھԲַ߹½ҩݣˣûн塣
ûʱһϮմȾѪȻЩѪ˵Ѫƽһ©
֮صҵʱ򣬴һһ񶼱ֳǿߵķ緶
ҲиΪͬʱҲаģǻ֮Ҳһڷܿ̿һΣԲڱѹŴ
˵飬ЩĽڴ˯˹ȥ˷׷뿪Сݣýĺúõİ˯һ
վڽĵ⣬㿴ҿ㣬иǼᶨʲô
ǣҪǿܱԼҪÿһˡ
ա
ʱ֮ϣҩһߺžƳŲˣһ˵Ŷڱĩ߸ǰʯԹĿ
ҩͷôġ
Լһƣָҩ˿վƱƺѯҪ
˵ѯʣʵһҩԽĵĿ
ָǺɫʯô
ţȻ³̵ԣǺɫʯ˹Ч֣ԼԣɫʯȻܶǵ֪ôȥˣǾʯеѾɢˣ̲ŵħ˶׽Ӵ
˵ǰʱţǸԼͽܱȥˣû뵽ȴ֪ۡ
ңԼ˵һѪ˺ɫʯ֮ϣճʯڲħʴռݴ˵ʶ
ңԽǿˣշħԽŨҡ
ǵãԼǰԹ⻹δʱ򣬱㿴Ũҵħоǿѹһѹ
ҩͷ֪ôҵԹ֮󣬿ħǣңҶħģ˿־塣
Ҿһ£ŵһĻԾɸоһĺ⡣
⻹Ϊ־ĵطǽġ
ɫʯħɽĵѪģǿħ߹½ʷϴδģôУδ
ӦˣСѾͷȻһˣҲʹħ
ҩҡҡͷʾ룬Ҳ˵׼
һһĨЦ
ĲСѾͷǲħǸԤԣɻǵںܾúܾǰǸԤԡ
˵ܾúܾǰԤ֮ʱҩеľƱͣ˰գһ˫׵üëšһ𡣡
㵣ġСѾͷԤеŮӡ
ǡ
һܾúܾ֮ǰԤԣħ񱻷ӡ֮ʱϹżռá
ձѪɫһƬߣή㣬ħһνٵϣħӡһŮ
⣬ԤԵǰΣʱԤ˵Ŀֻš
ε򱻷ӡ٤ɽ֮У٤ɽ֮⣬˵֪
Ҳˣ˵׼Ǹɺ϶ѣ˵ˣħ񻹲Ǻúõںɽĺзӡš
˭˵ģ޺ۺܳСӣ
Цҡҡͷ
ħĻںбӡ޺ô˵ôء
޺ۣһ֮˵һ֮֮ϡ
ǿΪ߹˭
˼ǡħơ˷ӡܰħƳ˷ӡһҪڡ

903 ڤҹ

903 ڤҹ
ҩҡͷħƳӡ¶
֪ӡħıڵһǾ仰ħơ˷ӡǵһҪڻƽϢǧԹޡ
ǣڻ˵ƽͣ¶˵ȥ
ħƳ˷ӡȫԶ׼ˣ֮ԾҲֿܣҪôħΪûлָҪôħļʧˡ
ڷӡħ䷨֪һڵһΪ˱ķڷӡʩ˼ؽҲΪĽ
һħδĳһơ˷ӡ֮Ҫôʧ䣬ҪôΪɢ
ˣȻѾߵһȻнķӣȾưɣһԼ뷨βҲʼտǡ
Ҫߵģǲܽ߸ԶĻ֮£ο˵ƢͱԣܸıһСС֮С
ҩţ˵ĽǸΪء
˯һʱ䣬ڤҹĲ뿪˴Ҳ֪Ϊ̫õԵʣΪʲôԭ򣬽һһߵľͺӤһ
ڤҹСĲŽģ»еʲôʧ
첻µزµĽģ߸·Ҫ˷ţѵ
İţǵ·ֻڤҹһǰУνǲǡ
úúã첻µز£ż
ڤҹʮĸڽ࣬һҲһ
ˣһ˯ôã˭Ҳģ
Ҫ˵ôõʱ˭ϴģû˼ʳڣֻ˵ˡ
ϾŮӣ³̼ϴźԼκҲУΪԼˣô֪ԼŮȴֲ˵ʲô
Ȼңʱ䶼Ҹϴϴͷͷԡ¡
ڤҹڣĵһӺת̧ͷһ˫ڤҹ
㣬㡭㶼ʲô
ÿĶˡ
ڤҹڽĶ˵ŸÿĶ仰ýոǺ졣
㡭㣬ôԸԡ
ȻƽӢ£ﻹŮôã֮⣬ûڱǰ˵ñ˸Լϴˡ
ڤҹʯϣ˫ֻŽģ˫д֮⣬ƽı顣
ںһ쿪ʼ֮עǣһ𡣡
һ仰һ֣뵽ĵĶϣĻͬħһԺ֮Уͺʲôײһ
˵ʲôʲôǣǣģȵȡ
ע⵽ڤҹеĶߣ¿ǰӡ
ָ˼䣿ѾɶʱָģͦصİҶƭȥˡ
ڤҹôһЦǳ׵׵һ顣
ͻָ˼䣬һֱװʧ䶼Լ档
һվľӸµĿϵڤҹ
ˣ˼ô
ôϷˣ㡣
ڤҹҪô;жôͣ޲ڻ˽ģеЦˡ
ʱԭĺɫ˫ͨҲ˶˳֮ʱɫ
㲻ϷˣǸɶͻָ˼仹װɵǰɣ
ŭˣֱƭڹﶺĸоʮֲ١˻Ǳˣڤҹ
ȵȡΪʲôҪöǿһ´ڤҹ
ˣⲻǹؼ
ؼǣڤҹͻָ˼䣬ȴһֱƭ
ķмѹŭڤҹ֣˫ŽĵգҲվ˫˫ķҷ
Ҳ֪±ԭأǴδĹϵڤҹס˫ʱһ˫ôģԼˣգգ˫ۡ
⡭Ӧǣ
˵ֻమ˲ſôôգҪȻˣå
񡭡
ڤҹƭˣˣåˣ
һֳһԵ£һȥ׼ݵڤҹԴϡ
ֻһ֮ڤҹͷһĨѪ֮ɫ
Ǻá
һ仰˵꣬һĨЦǵڤҹһ˹ȥһĻ˹ȥ
ʱڲԶɽУӰΣĿȴǶŵزڤҹмǣǰȥӿֲҡ
˵ˣܷʲô鶼ڡ
㱻ιȥҲֻĿţϾǰѾǡ
ĵʲôˣôһôر𡣡
ӰĿǲĿŽģǸˣǸֹ³ŮΪʲôôᡣ
ʲô߰
ħûĸڽĿŽӻص˷УȴֻվһԸɿš
˵ӿħݹǧʷħ˭һ˵Դϣ˵һֻƵıС
̾һΣһжӵҲֻܰȥˡ
УĲڤҹͷϵ˿ڣ֮󣬽Դϡ
˵ղǲ̫ˡ
ȻҶԼˣåһƭԼܰѾʴˡ
ôһ룬ˡ
֮һҪѾָˣΪʲôһֱװʾ⣬ҡ
һ뵽飬ĵһκҲɬĺ컹εĺ죬ǺѪ
ԽԽĳŮһȭڤҹĶӣó˯еڤҹ΢΢üͷ
ҹɫڡ
淢齪û˵ڤҹҲûѹ
ǸɶأŻԲô
ǰнĳ˯ʮգڤҹ˯һ죬Դϻ˿ư
û¶ڤҹСˤһӣˤͷ
˸ڷ˹ȥ㽫
ˣǵ񶼽˰ɣʲôö
㲻Ƕˡ
黹ãһ˵ĩ˱һӵŭ
ȻƷ鵤˵Ʒ鵤ҲǸöûɶ֪ˣ
ǣ䣬˾ȻڳǵĶԻԻݱǴ˴αĩһУ˹ⰲŵġ
˭

˵ǵڴʯʱʯ޼ˣƷ鵤
ô˵Ҳȫǣڴʯ飬ȷȷʵʵʯ޼дԲŻдʯһУǣԹˡ
һ磬еŭһӸֶ
ƽʱǺټŭһΣŭˡ
ģĻǺ澿ʲô飬ѵ˵ԹһЩбԭ
ʵǱĩܼ򵥣ڴʯѰҺҲûʲô̫ΣգԹһУԪʦȻǰŷǵ١

904 ħ

904 ħ
һһҧгݵ˵Թ顣
ǱֲƣΣ֮УһһԭΪǼˣûǿӦԸΪˣһҪԭ򣬱ΪڵԪʦ
Ԫʦ
ԣԴǴӴʯ뿪֮ԪʦֶνǵԼеϢ͸¶壬ҪȻô׾ٵĵ֪ǵϢ
ʼΪǿͨ죬֪ˣ屳Ԫʦ˶ӵĴڡ
ˣǻص֮׿֪ƢһԪʦȰԪʦ뿪ڣҷҩݺ͵ҩΪľ
Ҳ˵Ԫʦڲڡ
ȻҪȻȥѾˡ
ԪʦѾΪĩĹеˣǵ֪Ϣʱ򣬼ѹֲסеŭ壬ɵõϢȴԪʦ뿪ڣûиʮǲġ
еŭ޷Ž³̻
ǲ£ǣǱͱɽһ˾ȻڵˣԽԽ͡
վǼˣʵ㹻ǿ󣬼Ԫʦ˷ˣҲô
ĵһ仰Ҳʵ
ǰ
վǵʵǿܹиǿΪԪʦʲô
ʯ֮󣬵ĽӴĸֵ֣ضûУǺεȵ衣
㿴ҿ㣬иӼᶨʲôһ
գҰɽСݡ
Ŀų˯ѵڤҹһ˫ü΢΢ε̾һ
Ҫȥ֮شһʱ䣬ʱԼҪչ˺Լҳ֮ںˣô
ҲڤҹܲõдõżһЩǮѹϡ
ЩǮ㹻һʱ䣬ǴӦһ飬ǧԼˣһҿ˯һжһ˾Ϳˣ
Сݵţһڴϳ˯ѵڤҹת뿪Ұɽǰ׵֮ء
ûҪǿԼҪϵԼøǿ󣬲ʸ͸־һ¡
վǰ໥˶ԷһۣһǱ˺ס
һ˽֮صʱ򣬳ںߵҩ˫ֱг˵ԼΡ
˵ȺٳʱΪﵽʲô׶Σ
ô֪ȺС˶ӴԹʱѾڲ֪̤ʦĵزǻᴳĵڼ㣬ϷҲö֪ˡ
ҡҡͷʾҲ͸⼸ӵʵֻԼ˵ƽˡ
ܲͨأ
ҩ˵ԣһ仰ö˶һ¡
ݹǧʷܴ֮ͨصָһ֮ͨأʵõһʵķԾ
ӶʦƾǵԺҲǺϣ֮ͨصġ
˭֪أǸǻֻܿԼˡ
³һҩŵһƵ
һȥ
ӣϷһƶ˷ӡˣӲıӡ
ҩҡͷ̾εó˱ľƺ«
߰ɣȥɽµСǺȵЩӸոս֮أҲ֪ɶʱܳ
İɣͰ׿ϸĵҩȫǵıУߣȾȥ
ĩ߸ȫ֮أҩҲȥСȾƣʱҰɽСУԭ˯ڤҹѾѣŽµţֽдݣǵЦô͡
СеħӴǸֵЦݣƼ˹һ㣬ŵſˮ
ӡڤĴѾ
ħòڤҹڤĴѾǰħʱ
ڵǲǰڤ㹻ħĻԽʱڵЩϼһˣȻһս
ڤҹ̧˫ɫɨħһۣһħ˴ű߷ɳԶľ롣
ӣ´ˣһ
ħԼ˻ϥصڤҹһ
һħ˿Լߵͬ飬мŭ֪ڿдŻǰţⲻѰ·ô
ڤĴźʱ
ȴǱĻﻺȫû뽪ĵᡣ
ӵĻڤĴڽҹ֮ʱ
ҹ
ڤҹϤһУмֲ֮ʣɻվԣִдһš
żϵΪΣ˸ֻ֪еȵĴ֮ع֮ʱֽܿдһС
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ǣӣ
վɽۣڤҹ֮صķ򣬽Ե¹⣬ɫᡣ
СѾͷҡ
£һɫ˲ת˲ʧͬʱʧĻڤҹԼħ
ʱڴУںͳǰ٤ɽ޺۲ǿħȻת˲ʧȴ˶Ȼǵճ˷ӡħ

ڵĳҲǵħ׵üëһ
ǿħĪħ񣡡
ħΪλһ˲ʧ
޺۽ü΢޳ָڿлһ䣬ȼ֮Ҳ˼֡
ڤĴſħǰڤ
ڤô죬ħָΪ²ˣ
ڳһֻţǶ֪ܾǰǸԤԣħһν٣ձɫؿήﶼữޡ
ʱ䣬ٻȡʱ䡣
޺ۻ˫ۣһ˫ʱһĨЦֶ
ģվҪģ
ô㣬Ҳ޷ӱʵ
˵һڤĴ֮ŻһοҪʱһУҪǰ٤ɽѰԤԵĺΡ
һһ仰ԤԵĺο²±ħ̤ƽ
ԣҪ֮еʱҵ٤ɽˣõԤԺΡ
ʱ˿̣֮еıĩ߸˲֪絽طʲô顣
Ϥ֮أϤĴߣһк
þòˣôˡ
۾޴̾һţɫӿ˿Լǰ·ļˣö
Ǽôš
۾ӣһͷıͷȥôĵˡ
㿴仰˵ģզ˵ҲˣôĮô
жԶԶǰʧ
۾Լ߶ŵ˶ϵЩӣٴĵˣ۾ɴ˫˯˾
ˣǿ˹
滰˺۾ĵᳵ·Ľһ֮ء

905 ʵķԾ

905  ʵķԾ
ߣעصġ
ߵľ磬ҪıΪߵ
ʧȥô֮˵ΪڸߣҲֻһߵɱ¾ѡ
֮أ˴ӵһߵ˵߹أ߹صʱѾ֮ˡ
µʱ棬ǽģԣ³̣רעҽκ˵ÿ˶һʵķԾ
ž޴ʯǰ˺۵㿴ҿε̾һ
ô죬þʲô޷һ㡣
³˿ɷʲôİ취Ե֮֮صһ㣬ֻҪͻһ㣬ǱԳɹͨˡ
ǣѾʱˣۼþʲô취޷һ֮صͨ
ô죬ֻ˵ǵΪ
һ֮صʯϣһдд˽֮صķǱҪ۷ʵļ𷽿ɡ
ǣ߸֮ΪߵĽĸոսʽ׶Σ༸˶۷޴ʦļ𣬸򲻵֮صȼֻĸɿš
˱ǿӲ̬һ֮صĴţˡ
ʯ֮ϼӹһӡΪֹǿԽҪ֮ˡ
µʱ䣬˵֮صһ㣬κ޵Ϊ۷ʵļ𣬱֮⡣
֮£Ҳֻ뿪֮ء
ԡϵʱһ־ñů
ʵĿڳѪȺΣյϢ˵ҲŻиࡣ
ŵĸоã
ǰŵĸоá
֮غÿȹĶĵΪԼʧЩԼͬٲԨ֮С
ڣһжƽ£ǻ뿪
Ц⣬Ũҵڴǣ߸վںߣ紵档
ʱڰߵҩ˼˳УæǰǱˡ
ܵ߸ϵϢ֮ʱ˷׷װӣмϲҲ𾪡
߸ֱ
Ҳ̾Ž˵Ϊ
һʣĸ۷޴ʦ߽޴ʦ
Ҫ֪κȶ޻϶û̫츳ˣ߽޴ʦĵزο³Ժͻĸ˽۷޴ʦļ𣬶ĸǴﵽ˳ʵĵȼ
ģ⼸̬С˵
Ц˼ٵΪҲͬʱ⼸Լҩͽܡ
ƣҩĵӣ˿ɷϲģֵ˱ĩĵβȴһָĴڡ
⻹Ҫҩүү׼ĵҩ
Цţ֮еĸм֮ʵıš
ܹ֮ڶ̶̵֮н٣һķڸĩÿһˣķ֮£˲Ľ
ÿһ˵ıжҩͲҪǮһڷš
ЩҩЩΪ⳥ıϣЩ׿ΪԪʦϵĵҩ֮ʲôԭ򣬾µʱ䣬ѾǴǰ۸޷ˡ
Ϸĵӡ
Ҳˣ۶ǵ֮ɫ
ߵһأأ
µʱ䣬ռ˵ĽٶӦѾ˵ء
Ǵ˵ڼ֮صʱ߸϶Щ̾Ϣ
ҪȻǿ˼еĲ֮⣬æȰ˵˵
û¶ǵĹҲû¶ڶѾ۷ʦľ硣
ǣǼڵ߲ͣ˺þãҪһ㣬Ϊֻдﵽ۷ʵļſԡ
˵Ǳ֮صΣջܣΪӲ˾֮⣬ûʸһ㡣
һ㣬ֻһͨˣ
ҩԼĶ䣬߸̫ˣȻ뵽һ㡣
ǵĻ˵Ϊ֮һ޵ȼƣͽһˡ
ֻдﵽ۷ʵļ֮ˡ
ţץɣ뿴һʲôħ֣
ҲڴȻΣأҩĶ࣡
³̻һþκϡҩҲʲôԭǾҪȥ֮صһ㿴
ʵĲпὫǴܣΨе۷ʵļ½֮ء
ţһڲԶĽ
һ
ҩѾ֪ԼʲôȺС˶ӽ̸ˣ밲һ£ڿûҪˡ
صҰɽĵһѰڤҹ
ҰɽĺϸϸһȦҲûзڤҹӰӣֻϵһš
ϵһһ䣬ҧгݵĽųһš
ڤҹҡաүҵ㣡
ֽϲδ˵ڤҹ뿪ԭֻýĵ֮ɶ֮ԼҸ߽ģѾǽĵˣ׼Ա˶˼
үڤҹҪ˺ιӾ͸գ
еŭ˷ĺ޲óڤڤҹʹһ١
Ҳֻܵʱ䣬ʱ治ϵԼΪ
УڤҹҲᵽ˽⿪ӡҪעһ㣬ǱΪҲҪߵһ磬ȻһӡӡŵԴԴϵĺХûǿ־Ϊ޷ܵôǿ
ںʲôȻö˵
ԣڤҹǰڤʱ棬ҲҪϵԼȴһ
ڤҹ뿪ˣ֮ʱһֻӣӺһ㡣
ı뽫ˣջǽ
գڴ
ΪĩĴĺ³˱ټ
˵ɶ˼
³̺ǲ⣬Ǹո뿪֮ûãɶ¶ʲôɡ
֪
ҡҡͷʾԼҲ֪ԭΪΡ
ʱڽĺ³ʱڽߡ
СܣôʱδΪ˲١
˼ѹ˽ĵϣһִڽĵļϣһŽĵҪǾٶжôӡˣҺ˶Ǹˡ
ˣ֮ľٶҲʮֵġǸɶ
ι˵˵ֶŵġ
˵ģ³̾ǶϲһǸڵ꣬ĽͷСᱻԵͷӶʣ
ôҲˣ
Ŀֿһ½½ڴһڵӡ
ЩӲнڵһһʦʦ㡣

906 ʱķֱ

906 ʱķֱ
㻹֪
ڴϵԽԽ࣬Ҳָԭŵ̬滹ǽϤļթ
ʮȺӢἴʼˣЩǴӵܡ
ȺӢᣬʲô⣿
Ĳ˽ȺӢǸʲôվһԵ³ŷӦô¶ˡ
˵أ˵ʲô¶һԭȺӢҪĻˣ
ʲôȺӢᵽǸʲô
³̵ı飬ĸǲ⡣
ΪȺӢᣬ߹½ʮٰһƺƴᣬͬڵʮĵӶʸȻˣڵĵҲԲμʮٰȺӢᡣ
ԣȺӢ˼壬߹ʮٰһᡣ
ʮٰȺӢĿԼʵǽģȺӢԽԽǧ꣬˽յĹģ
ȺӢÿʮٰһΣǲ߶ʮԼ˲նʤ˻õһ
ԣҲ˵ˣֵؼҾٰȺӢᣬһõĽؼҵı١
³˵𣬽ֻܴӶ˵ĶԻһЩ֧ϢǴհɴհҲȺӢʲô
ô˵Ļڴϳ֮˶ʮӵˣ
ԼëĹϵ
ڽӲʱ޺۳ڴУ˲䰲
λӦö֪ڽĿģҲ˵ϻˡ
޺˵ŹȺӢһЩˣҸ֪ʮˣȺӢҪֳɫĪҪûڵȵȡ
ڽһЩ󣬱޺ʾȥΨ˽ġ
£лҪ˵
Ŷ
վԭûߣȵϵߵòˣ̧ͷ޺ۡ
ò˵ţϵһһײʳ˼̻η֮⡣
ǵõߣ
ģǰ£˵
ã֪ʲô¶Ҫ͵˵ء
ĹԹԵ޺ǰ̨ϣԭ޺ýһԵϣɿԼǰ̨ϵˣɵЦ
һһʮٿȺӢᣬڱίڲμȺӢᡣ
ðɡ
ЩˣҰҰҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪Ǹߣûʲô޵ʣܲμȺӢض޵ĸ֣ҸŲȥɶ˵ˣҪǴڲμȺӢᣬ˭֪ԪʦҪƱɶˡ
ıʾԼȥμȺӢᣬҪȻ˭֪ᷢʲô顣
㰡ĪǻڼԪʦĳ𡣡
ĵı鶺Ц޺۵һη֣ԼǰСһﾹȻɰ
òĽӴͽһʱ򣬾Ȼűɡ
ҾһССߣԪʦǴʦߣڵĵʦεĺǣЩǽԹҼһӡ
ʵʵ˵ԼԪʦĺ⡣
ѾԼǰ޺۵ţҲҪʹԪʦһ٣ﶼʶ
úúãԪʦΪҲǱڿܲϣ˵ɣҪʲôܽеŭ𣬲ҴڲμȺӢᡣ
޺۵ͣ뽪Ѱļҳһָо˺ġ
޺۵ĻЦǵһĨЦǽһġ
ĸҺҪһ֮ҾǸССߡ
ԭ뽫ڵĳƽݽ㣬ɿ˼Ҳܣ
ȵȣʲô⣿
ղûɣƽǳƽô
һԼȳ׷һȺӢʣ˵ǰˣùڶԣ
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ĸԸôԪʦ֮£
޺ԾЦţЦ崺һ㣬ͷʾԼں
Ԫʦ˶˭Ҷ֪ʶأеŮģ
ĴӦ޺۲μȺӢᣬǰǳƽ
ƽǺö֮˵ƽϹŴ֮һٳҰ֮С
ĺڴϾͿƽ
ʮٿȺӢĻͲм䵷ô
ǼǵֵʵȻҲˡ
˵һһʮٿȺӢᣬ˵ĻȻһεȺӢֽţңȺӢۼʮľӢһĺʱ
İɣѾŵ֮ڲ¶ˡ
޺۸߽Ĳõһ㣬ȻԳˣȻƤӵ¡
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˵ʮٿȺӢ岻ᵷңĵǰɡ
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ʱڣʮĵҲ׷뿪ڣԻصԼļ塣
Ȼĩ߸ҲҪʱķֱˡ
³ʰװģԣκȺͻĸͱ뿪
ȺӢʱټ
ˣʱõԹĹӣϴҳԵֹͦóԣûԹ
ʱ룬һ֮ؼ
һξٰȺӢʮؼңΪؼҵĵӣȻҪصаæһġ
ͻصؼңҲڴΪûмԭ
˽ʧеıӰһִԵϡ
ԣ㲻ȥô
ʼ磬ЦҡҡͷʾԼʮˡ
ԵһֱʲôͷɽҰôվǱĩĵӡ
أȣʲô㣿
һȥҺһȺӢʲôӡ
κһ˫۾ĶڴСѾͷϲ⡣
Ҳ˵ͷʾҲȥʶһ¡
ãһͬǰؼңȥμȺӢᣬȺӢϵĸ·֡
СģκȣԺͻĸ˻صҰɽСݣʰһҺҩ˵һ¼ƻͷҲͬĸ˵뷨ϾҪǿʵЧİ취
뿪ǰؼ֮ǰҪȥڴóƽ
ʲô⣿޺ǳСӾȻѳƽʱ㣬Цذɣ
ԼĶ䣬ƽǿǳƽ
Ҷߺ䶼ˣ
ס䣬Ĥ죬ıǲ̫˵㡣
ƽȻ˵֮ҲôķӦɡ
֪֪ƽʲô
ܴɶڵ֮ϹŴô˵ˣ˵ʱңֲǸˣ
ľòô𾪰ɣ˵һƽֻǽװװƶѣڵӵȺӢ¶һ֣ӡ

907 ˵

907 ˵
ĵӣǲ֪ƽڴʲôλ
ҲãҲԼǸ
ûʲôˣһǰؼҲμȺӢᣬ׼õڼ
ʾҩټ۳ƽ⣬ҩҲʲôô󣬶־ʿ಻ʤôն˽ĳΪһμ̳˵ѡ
Ӧ˶ѣ˵ˣͽܹҲûм棬ңĵӣŵӡ
ڵδ̳˵ĻҲϣôҲֲġ
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909 й

909  й
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أʲôˣ
ߺ顣
еĸ֣һ½ˣҲһ½еİˡ
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ˣǸɱԼҲʧˣ

911 е

911 е
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Ȳ˵Ѿȥһʱ䣬˵½֮İ𡭡ȻԱβ̫Ѫˡ
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ڻֹûòԤ鷢
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ԭʱѾ˰꣡
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ڣ½ǽˣֻص˿ջ׼úõϴϢһϣȻڶ
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ŮļкԹ뽪ĶУŮ֣أһ˿Ц⸡ڴǡ
ԵʹȻһ½˴ˣһջһؾۡ
˵׺ɣѾ˰ֻ꣬Ҫ˲Ѱ֮ʼռԼִһУջỨ
ģôͣˣʲô
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ڿջϢһϣڶǰĴǳؼҳ
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ĸǱĩĵӣƽҲ໥գŹĽ顣
ǣ齫ϲֻеҡ

飡
飡򣡡
ʱƵеƸ򣬲Ƶʱơ
иϿ
ԣǧ
ԣԣһǧҪȻôӮѡ
κȷ׷ױʾһԳǧŻӮ
Բ˵ĺʾҸǮ
аСӣݵİ
Ĳ鲻ԸĸӣĶһԣһֿʼûãԴ˸򣬽ĺƣ
ôˣ
ӿʼƵڣǽĺӮǮκȺͻһζûӮ
һǽĺ˴ͨ˵ġ
ʵȴˣĺԲδͨҲûгǧؼ֮ڣκȺͻ˵ƼǲҲ̶á
ңֻҪκȺͻƵףһ¶ţĶѾϵ齫
ֻҪ˸۾˶֪˺ʲôƣõǳǧô
κȺͻǲŮӲŽԶ˴һ齫ȻǮˡ

κȾС죬һ˻֣ʾ⼸Ѿ̫ˣҪȥˡ
࡫
һԷŷǾȻôʱ䡣
ǷʢַֺʲôóԳʲôԵǽһ̡
һ⣬ȥҪĺʱ䣬棬ҲʹĸҪԵĶ˺֮⻹Ǻʣ߲ôУ۸ߵף
ڵ˵죬һ˿ʾ¡
ܱһײ˾ͿУŲš
ܳŴײˣŲţ
Ҫײ˼һܲ
ԾĸָʾܳĿôײˡ

912 ллү

912 ллү
ʣǸöǸմӺ̳ĺʣζһ
ǣϼĺʣܶ˶淴
һվڵϰ֮˼ĺ̡
ģԣκĸһϰһҿջһɫĲˣͺһɲҪרԡ
̻ʵı鿴۰
ƣƸĸģõĶ᲻óԣӶɫˣ
ջ·ĺ˿ĿŷŴײ˵ĽĵˣһĴ󷢣ŵĸ˼ֺʺһЩˡ
ԣϷ¶һˣлϷ򣡡
˵ĺĽĵļ򣬱һȺ뿪˿ջֻʣ½˿ŽԶȥһˣһ˻
ллү
һ뿴˺ô
һССĲ˸ҪһϷϴǰᣬκȺͻǮѾԸӮˣ˵Ժγз漰˽Ǯ⣬ǶԸ߼۴´ԼеĽġ
ۿڵĳнǡ
ǺܴҲǷ٣ΪҪĸۿڳ֮һ
ĸ齵ĿջҲǱȽϺľס֮أңҲΪȺӢἴٿ߹׷μȺӢҲﲻĵ
գջĴУһζˣֱӱһײպԣΪԭʼһֳԷܸоζаײ˵ˬζǽһ
꣡
Сӣҵ裡
ˣ̣һЩȣ
κȾֹΪһ衣
һԵĻҲߵߣѧκȵĶҲԵ˱裬պһ£˻ֱʾԼ͡
ȣ꣡ȿȣС磬Ȳô
һɤӺŵæ˲豭Լľֹ̫ڴ³ɤϸ˵ţ֮һ˵Ҫŵ˫Ŀ־֮⡣
κȺͻ˵ľٶΪģҪǿ˽ֽǵ·˻ûǮô̬ȾһЩ
СŮҲֿģЩǴү͸ǵģȥɣ
һƱϣװŴүĵɵģĻֻۡ
˵ֻˣЩǮˣ
վСŮԸκȺͻõǮһ̵ʧˣ˵ҲȥЩס˺ģϾڵڱĩĵӣŮװ
ԣһȺӢᣬܽ
ĺԶ˺ŲˮһûһȺӢ顣
ҡҡͷָմˮдһ֡
ȺӢʮٰĴ飬֮˱ȱȽǣݱȽ⣬Ϊؼãȴʡ
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ţĴϻۣȻѾ˽޴ʦ̤۷ʦļ
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ǽڿʼûԿ˵һ仰ȻﶼԲǸưͣҲưûʲô
ο˶ԵҲ֪١
ŽĵʻһʼЦ
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ܣһ˾Ϳˣ˵κǸʲôͻӴˡ
ļٵģ˵κǸʲôôôܻκĻӴ
ȥ֪ô
Զһǰ·ص㣬һȺΪ㿴ֵȺУκκӺһסκȺͻȥ·ۿ˫Ҫˡ
ȻãҲ²ˣڹúңΪֳӦǡ
Ȼô˵κκӺϵıʼն͸ųЦݣ˿Ҫһ١
л֣ߣ
κȲκʹκεĽԶ˵ڻʹзЩ飬ЩһӶȥļ䡣
ŻκҪȥȴһακӺ
Ҫȥô
˭Ҫ߹¶һȥϹƱƣ㳤ûħģôΪȴ˷С
Ϊ佫ҵĻɲǰǲκĻӣһͲʲô񣬻һٶסȥ·Ǻǣ
󵨣ǺˣȻҿڳѷԻ㲻
Ҿ˸ȣвգʯ֮Ůôţô
ͦؽκȻһıѾ˵һС
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¶ôǲԶȡ
ϷҲٵ˽⣬κĻʹȻǲϲģҲֻ̬κĻ塣
һоǽ˵һκһˣȻƽĩÿһ˶ԴԼһԴȣһ죬ǶˣЩ黹ҪԼʱʱ̶̿űˡ
ͣ˽Ų˵ͷȺоؿǰһУǹؼʱ̣Ƕǲֵġ
ǴʯҵŮֲ˴ֱɣ
飡
֮ʣһŽ߷ɡ
һݺݵ׹䵽ϣһƬҳ
Ҹ˵Ļᣡ
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֣ҵѣҲǴʯҵŮΪκĻҲμʮȺӢᣬΪκĻһһжκϣֽвǡ
κһٴŲֲʧ֪ǹ˶ô˵һ
κ˵һսԴǰҿ˵սҲǶԼһս
κ˵һĵȻΪκȶеˡ

913 һκ

913  һκ
κȵһκӺʮ𾪣һ˫Բ˵Ŀǰκȣ˹һ
ð֮ŷӦκȸղŵĻǶ˵ġ
ղŶԱ˵ʲô
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¿ͷѣ˸ղһκȷ֣Լ飬Ҳʲôˡ
ңڵѾǴǰ۸κȣڱĩĵӡ
ǷˣȻִ󲻾Ա˵
κӺֱԼĶ䣬κС־Ȼ˵Լ˵̣ǲˣ
£ֻκӺǰֱ㳯κȴ˹ȥ
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κӺһƼκϵʱžһ죬ͨһ˱㿴κĻκӺʵԼһͷκȴһƣֱݺݵˤ˵ϡ
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㡣
ҪֽκȺ֮ʱκֹ˻ľٶ
һ˫ŭһκȵ͸ζ
ǵݣκμȺӢᣬԼ˶ۣκ֮ǻܵʲôĳͷ֪Դ̧жԶԶ

ʲô
κȵı֣ڳĻȺеĽĺԶֽкá
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ûκӺֵ֮κӺʧȺ⣬ֻһͣԭء
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ΪߵĽӦ֪жôҪң֪飬öֻ뿪κô
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˺ˣ˶ѾԶˣúˡ
κǣ뿪ʱֱ㲻ͣĶš
ֱȷûκ֮κͣתԻʱŶˣ
㡭ңұֵô
ܲ
൱ԶԶǵԤϣ
СӱϵĽĿǽߣκȷŵľٶ
ҲĴָжԼκȵ
ģԸ磡ôˣ
ղһĻǶˣȱֵ൱
Ϊκȸеˡ
Ȼڵʱκֻ赭д˵Щκ飬ɴ˫֮еĿ־壬ѿκȶκĺ¡
ңڶ֮ǰκκӺʱҲ˿־֮⡣
ҡûǱĩඪɣ
ûУǱĩ⣬ͣϲʲôʲô
ĴԻͳһƱκУǮκȺͻ˫˲⡣
áղڵ濴һΣɼǮ̫ûǮˣߣȥ
ãһǶĺÿǸΣƯ
ԶԶԣҲǸҡƽ治磬һһȣ
ղŷ˲䱻֮Ժ󣬶ּ粢ż磬̼ȥ
Сǽ߶ԺǾĿŽģƿһѾ
ѽôȵؼ㲻ȥųҪôҪǶ٣ųȱľǮ
ôһ˵Ե˵ͷ⻰ʮʮУ
ѾʼĬĬƻթųļƻѾеؼҵųûɵıһ
үôˣ
ûɶǸоವģ
ų֪ԼѾĩļˣȵ֪ʱѾˡ

914 

914  
׻˵úãŮ˵ԣһŮ˹ʱ򣬼ǴҲ޷ǴĿƷ
ĺԸκȺͻ󣬿ŶһֹľͷΪŮӵĽҲЩˡ
ģĸҶ취£ʱ˿̵ԼɺȥؼԽҰܣҲԸͻκӹ֣̫ˣܹܵġ
Ӱ쵽ҹκȵսȻҪǿԶˣڻʹ˰֡
ջ񻹲û뵽ôóԵġ
ȻˣǿĸۿڳأСƷӦоУֿʽͷ·ҲǶ಻ʤ㿴Ӿķ񣬻Ρ
˻⣬ϣкκȿʼԼ·ƣңö˻Լ˳Է֮ȥ֡
˵ǵҹر극һȥ
סˣ
æֹκȵĺ⣬Ůӣֻ·ζӵ̫ڶ˵սֳԽ߸ߵơ
ĺԷ׷ױʾԼȥ֣ǵģһ仰ö˸Сȥ˵ǵҹС
﷢ҲǽĺŮӵԭ򣬱ϾκӺκĻӣȵִˣ˵ӣȻưոݵġ
һ죬һʱ䣬κȴӽͷ䵽˶ͷҹϵĶ˾˵ĳ档
ýĺԶ˲ò
óľͷﵽ۷޴ʦֻʱ⡣
Σ˻ֻܸλСȺУҪ䵱űڵĽɫҪʱĹܼҡ
ŮˡԣڴŮ棬Ǵﶬʲô飬¹ȱһ·Ρ
ĳЩŮ˵Ҫ򣬲˻ҪѹҪףҪĵҪ򣬷ҳָĽں
ⲻոѹһ󳵻˲·
һԼЩɶʡԼûǮƣͱӻˡ
ֵ̾ܣȵؼ֮󣬾˵жҪ٣
Ե˵ͷеŭѾһС
ȵؼ֮ҪǲųϹһƤͲԡ
ÿ
ڹĻκͣűȺΧһŮŮڵϿţŮߣһײڸŵߡ
λ˸ΪϸβҸײûǮҽεĻأ
û˵Ůʱ޵ǽһۡ
κҲźۣӻóһԪŮǰ
ЩǮţ㸸׿
лλС㣬ĴǸŮġ
š
Ů׼Ԫ뻳еʱ򣬽ĺԼʱ֣һһҵĳŮߣҽеԪ˻
λӣҪʲôΪҵǮ
ôˣЩǮǸġ
˵ʱκ˫ۻۣһĻһ̾һ
Ȼ˾ȥҽʦãҺλﶼҽǸһʲô缲Ļ˵ҽҲȻܽκá
еȣǶ˼ҽܴүˣϲĲȻҲڻ¡
˽Ҫ˼κȻɵɵûзӦ
ˣǮȥҽݸҵͺˣлλС͹ӵġ
߰˾Ե֣Ƕ˵ҽҽݵҽʦҪǧٱһǾ仰ԵʹȻǲշĵ𡣡
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣǰһߵϣ΢΢һ߳ʹ໵Ľ
ΧĿҲôһ£ԭװƭǮš
Ů˼¶ˣĴܽȺˡ
Ȱܶ۾ֻܿۼΪʵһ棬ֻ֪ıʣжһ顣
ĸκһΣȻ˵ȰһأվǸӣ̫ˡ
Ŷ֪ˣ
ɽôһ˵κҲԼЩƭϵˡ
תһ룬ǶԸŮûѴĻҲֶƭˡ
ҹйһᣬЩ֮׼ظϾҪǰؼңҪһʱ·̡
׼صջȴһͭˣˣΧҲȥߡ
СŮױףԵ֣ȴҶ֪Һĳ˵Ƣ˵һ
̨ϣŻ˵Ź׵顣
ÿ̨µЩ⣬ôҪͱ״Ϲϵ
˵ԭ֮󣬽еԭί
ԭҵŮĺκĸŵʺϻ޵ͣۿžҪ˫ʮ껪Ϊĺĳ˲òٱһ״ᡣ
ǣҵŮ˲ԸԼ޸һôˣѡʵѡȻЩ˽б䣬ʤ˾ܳΪҵĹү
Ҫ֪ҿǵǵĴ˼ңһΪ˺ҵĹүǽɽȡ֮֮ߣԵٿٷܶء
˵ĻУµĺŮһߵ̨ϣɫĸͷŵƹ̨ܿµˣ㽫еļһԵȥ
һа˸չ涨Ҫ̨䣬ʤ֮˱ǺҵĹү
һƫеĳŽ˹ۿҪڻУ߸ԡ
ԵķȥҲɽһ㽫ӵһߣ̨ϵĺŮֱţͿˣ˻Ͻ
ָָģʾⲻ׼ôƤ
аЦЦһԣоǵ٩֮⡣
׸ҿٷܶ꣬£
԰һ۽ҡҡͷץŽĵתߣڲû˼顣
κȼȥ࿴һ֣ҲŻص˿ջС
һҹ޻۰
һ϶ȥ˯ȣֱڶʱѹ
κȶ·ͳö˵Ķڻεӳ֮£ƿߡ
һӢһᣬ֪λɷӣҪҪСΪǣߴء
ĵĻû˼һ£߼ˣûⷽ˼
İɣһͲǸʡ͵ĵƣסУ
³̰ɣһɵӣϲɵӣ
԰ɣϲ˵вУ
ϲ̫ŵˡ
ʣһһӻˮˣԼߵ˶ǺöԵ¶ҪԵźá
κŽĵĻ֮ݵһӺΣյźŵ񾭽

915 ·

915 ·
ȣ˵ˣų⹷ֻΪ̥ѡǧ򲻿ĿǷΧ֮ڡ
˼ҲûôģǲҪ˼ҵ˼
κҧŴǣոߺֱҲüһ
ҪҪų磡
ͬ⣬ǧ򲻿ͷǱĩĺðײˣ
Ҳһնɱľٶǣڴ֮ǰҪթųһʲС
Ѷ͵ų֣ȰƱˣȻ˺ƱȻʬ𼣡
ٺٺٺ٣
ģϵЦжôսթԶؼ͵ųĴһ硣
ôˣǲˣ
˹ôģؼҵķˮǲǲð
Դӿؼܸ֮о˭ڱ󵷹Լʲô¶󿴿ҿ֮⣬Ҳûĩ˳ְ
Ϊë󷢺أ
ҡҡͷųԼеʡ
һߣѾ̣ǰؼҡ
ӵǳǰؼһֱ߹ٵͿˣ·̺ƽ̹ٶҲ߰·̾͵ؼҡ
һԳ䵱ųĽɫĿ˵еķκȺͻ˻о·Ļ⡣
Ҳ֪˭ȿŮӣĸࡣ¥
˵ʢˣࡣ¥е˸ǳķֻҪһ۾˻겻跹˼
ҲǴӾǵĿϢķ֮أһŮôȥ
˵Ƕûȥ֮ô
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ûȥǰԹʧˣ׸ץˡ
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Цķκ֡
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κȵĹȥȻô˵ҲκĻ壬ŸߵȽ˵ȷ֮ΪۻೡȻǰ
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һ秵Ļ£Ҳ⣬λϵĿѾͲס˼׷𵽱е˿Լ
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ÿһ䶼Լĺ룬ǰ˼Сŵѡһ۵ֽš
СнֽŽżķš
˲䣬·˵߷׷ת˽ĻԺκ˵ϡ
Ҳ׹СǾ仰ʲô˼ˡ
ġȥɣǵݶв㡣
ǻҵŮΪŮ̻֮ر͵Ƿǡ
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Ļﰵﶼڸ߽ģĳЩҪҲӦµġ
Ƕ˵ֵģôʮСӣ˿Ҳϲ
ҰҰ죬һ۶¥żķ򣬻ڡ
Ű·һѷãܵõ˶ԽΪУҵһԡ

916 

916 
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˵ˣԼΪżĴҪ֮ҲʲôҲûˡ
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ʦãһѷȫ¶ʯɣҪǣõҸǲ칤ա
꣬õǧǣܵõˣܵãչ涨һѷñΪǸС
Ŀ֮£ŷûصż䣬κȡ
κȿһõʱųĹâôҫۡ
һ˼һ˭Ƿõˡ
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ŷãʮָеĴУһ޷С
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ǼҽôкøУҪȢؼ෿
Цأﲻôҡ
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Ż۵׵Ĳ⣬ĽԼȢԭ
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ıʾԼֻûб˽飬˶ѡ
Ůΰȥؼô
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˺ؼŵԼڵӵ֮󣬱㾶ֱؼҡ
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ɫ֮£һϮ³вһۼǸѾкܴĲͬ
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£һһȭֱ룬һߣҲҼлڸ֪Σյһ͵ǰУֻӲĽסһȭ
ɾڻһ˲䣬͵ϮԼǽһˣæջǻΪһȭ

917 ʲôʱ

917  ʲôʱ
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һʱ䲻Ĺּˣĸо۷޴ʦĵز
ʲôʱģô֪ͨһ
ѳ֣ЦıжôĲˡ
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У粻ܷҳǮʧѣ˲зѣټǸãǮΪֳҲҪǮ
źͽһģ˭֪һǰͱթˡ
񡭡ϱĩɡ
úúã´ˣﲻҪˣ¸ⲻǣʧ˲зѶһһϣɿģ
ɰɣ˵ˣСӵΪǲˣ˵ǲǵ۷޴ʦĵز
¿ͣȷѾ۷޴ʦС
ڱĩκȻڰ˽޴ʦĵȼԼС̬Ľĵʵȼ֮⣬༸˶۷޴ʦУͻ۷̤ʼֻʱ⣬ֻҪܽ⿪ȻܹʵΪ
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ĵ˺ţһԵ岻ϻֻܸվһԵЩΡ
ϣⲻһ˵Ľôû뵽ôˣӻΪڰ·Ը뿪ء
֪ʱڽߵһ˫Цۣ˿еΪΡ
˵ӡУҵļ̳ˣΪţվڽߵȴɢ֮ʣһִڽĵļϣûͷһѹϡ
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һĸլԺԺһ޴ͩ
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˵½飬ɾڴʱһ໵һɤ쳹ĺԺС
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˵ǣʱԿסһоյؼңԶˡ
˵䣬ԵļҲʮϵıֳһӡ

΢΢I̾һ֮۶ǿԵ飬ǱѾʮ׵øų磬ǲҪʾʾŶԣ
ΪҽǲúõľԣҪ˲ǱĩǮȥβ
˵ˣβǮҳˣʮƱȸֵƲǮСү
ųǺ˦һƱң˴е֪Ʊʮ֮ϣ˲䣬۾ŽթĹâ
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˵ҪлֵܾҼȣһݴųУ
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κҪ˵ڿڵһ˲䣬ĺͻס͡
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ѾǴǰֻ۸ĿŮڱĩĵӣǰ˽޴ʦ
ȣֻҪڣκĴҲܶë
˽֪κʵۿеĶֻдˣҲδ̫ӵĲѡ
ңһȺӢκĴκκӺⶼؼңⲻ˻ȴ档
Ǿ仰ڵˣҪڵˣųİ¹⣬׼ϴɾӵɡ
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˶ʸǰؼˮòͣ˵Ļκĸϱӡ
ؼ˶̬Ժ˺ܶࡣ
ǰؼʲôȻûۿ˵Ҳ˽һڣؼ˶̬ȹࡣ
ȻѾ۷޴ʦļʵҲ£Ȼؼˡ
شĿһԼĵܵܣο֮顣

918 о㲻

918 о㲻
ؼҵÿһڿ֮־֮鶼Ա
κʣ峤жΪϲĵؼӣתҡһ䣬Ϊ۷޴ʦ
Ҫ֪һһ۷޴ʦ֮Ĳݡ
ǣʵʵǰ˭Ҳ޷
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ţȴδǸΪգԲؼһССء
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ģ˵ǰԹʱһЩ¶ҵһŲرͼļٵġ
һ򦣬һ˫ЦŽģýıë
֣ܱܲңܾ㲻⣬˵ˣŲرͼУô߲رͼô
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ĸǲˣصĻпԭôҲһ䱸ı顣
ƿ鷿ǣŵĽ鷿Ϻڽ鷿֮˷ţֵܶ˵ľٶûʲô
˲Ҫ͵ԼҵĶɣɶ
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ǰһش¹֮УѾõ߰˰ˣɾ޷
ؼҺķ˴ĲѰҽʲôǻ˯ѡ
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ҩѧϰҽΪԼڵҽֳˣŻ뵽ġ
˼ǣ磬Ϊ͵͵һ
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ԱˣҲһֻǴԵϢؼҵļҪ֪֮֮⣬һŲ֪
˵ٶɡ
Ϊؼҵļ̳ˣճӣΪ׿Խ˵ʮһٮٮߣʮǰš
ңؼҺīѾֻ顣ؼҸǶȥȴ֮ʱīŮӾٰ
ԭһеڶ㣬Ǳǰ֮һ˴ǽյϢ֮µֻһȺӢϣԣؼҪһȺӢľٰ֡
е㸴ӣ
˵֮ǰԼԵԭټǵľٶɣľ¶ӵúܡ
һף
Կɣ֤С
Ĳδ˵ϾڻǷ֮׵壬ͨҽҲ޷һ˯Ļ˴
ǰһ̣оɢŵĺҲΪ⺮񴲵ĺʣڡ
֣˫ָ̽Ѱ󣬸ǻĽࡣ
һյĹ֮󣬽ջ֣˫ֶż˫ۣƺ˼ʲôһ㡣
վһԵֵܶ˲δŽġ
Ƚһ˫֮ʱعͷˡ
ô˵أֶʮѽ⣬Ҫܶҩݣѵļֻ㣬ᣬ룡
˼Ƭ֮У˵ԼεĽ
Ѿָ֮Գ˯ѣΪڵһԶ澭ֹĳ˯С

919 ڵ

919  ڵ
ֻҪĶˣȻѹ
ɻ˵ļ򵥣ʵʲȴڵ졣
ȱǽⶾҩݣԵҪʮУʮҩϴѲ
Σڽⶾ֮Ҫһ԰ȫĻҽ֮ʱԼԲܷģһĲأ˲
һⶾˣҪһֱȥڰ;ϣȴĽֻ·һ
ⶾ˯ٻԻʮ꣬һʼⶾκⷢʱ
ĲòĲпԸֵܶˡ
غһԻǿ΢
ɰĻỹǽĶǰϣڽΣҪǵǶԼ
ҵĻѾ˵ĺˣΪҲòǶһ䣬ʮҩȫ£ɰĻʮѹҲ߳ɰĸؼʧȥճӡ
ĵĻ£˳˼
ֵܶ˼Ÿλشĵʱһ
أ͸ϣδˣΪѾ̤˾硣
ؼҵĴŹһһʯݣʯ֮ʱһ˫üëڸŵ۾Žġ
ϻ׻ң
үӣ˵ɶ
ؼүӻɢŵȻߵΪԶԼ֮ϡ
ǣ˵ɶ
ġϵ˼ǣ׼ֳ
Ϊ͵Ĺϵϵ©磬û˵ʲô
ŶŶŶļǰ
˫ֱȭؼҴ
ؼҵߵ˵ͷǰĽġ
ϻϸＸ¿ۣϻ׼ҡ

գ۾ûؼҴ˵ʲô
ˣĲŮޣֻǳÿЩѡ
䣬ϻῳأ
ؼҵĴȷԼῴǰĿСӾǸŮޣôԼҵǿء
ϣ֪ԼÿΣҲ˵ŮްɣߣشӵĲҪʱ䣬ȥʮҩģԲԣ
һ仰ڸؼҴϣؼĲںԱ⣬ǹĲ顣
ߣҲؼҴ˵һ⣬֪ݣҲ
ؼ߿˿ģֿ˿ںϵӣû˵⡣
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ȥеĺóԵĶ
ϣӺŹԼλСԵȣȥԸ
С켣ֳ꣬һ۾ܿһ˵ļΣңʮżδ̳˯˲֪˭˲Īɵ
Ƭ֮Ƕžµ룬һһ̾ĸСʳһһڷϡ
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ڽģڱȻǿεСӣ˽֪̰ԣҲû̫⡣
˵һ²ſһΣʲôöȻúӯô󡣡
Ŀһ¥£֣Щ˵ǷǸҲΪ˺Ķ
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ӶеȣŽĴǵĸң֣޳ָĨȥǵ֥顣
һٶ΢΢üͷ߲ͣͽĶ֮ǻţ˶֮䣬Էֹٴľٶ

920 ΪʲôҪǮ

920 ΪʲôҪǮ
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żǮȥżҹҪͿˣӰˡ
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ڽӰҧס·صԼĸм֮顣
лл㣡
ܾһΣǲԾڶΣǻشϺ֮һۣɵһ˾ȥҪһ£Ǻ˻ǻˡ
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ĺһȺˣͷǰ˺С
һھֵ˰͵ϺԺԼעЩҲܰﵽʲôˡ

921 Ҽж

921 Ҽж
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Ķ龧ԭʯģϾлϾϾĴҪ龧߳ܶ
ĲΪ龧ԭʯų̧ۿһ̨ϵʯͷһ
Ĳ򣬶԰ɣ
ųһţȷϽûй
ϻҪⶫɶͷô
ȥʲô̬ȣ㻹ǷСүǧһǧء
ųһ۽ģʾԼǽĵծҪſ̬ȶծǲ˵ġ
ôųʲôץһѹ
Ȼĸ龧ԭʯҲ˿˵ĶķԪʯȴĻڵأ۸ѾǧһмĿռ䡣
ò˵Щ˿ǮΪһСС龧ԭʯܽгǧļ۸
գ龧ԭʯǧļ۸ߣ˲֪ʲôˣֻĸоԷ򵥡
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ܱڵʮƷ˳λϣҲǸصıˡ
ĶҪһʮƷݣе˫ַ֮ʱʮƷ˵С

922 ׽

922 ׽
ҵһ죬ǽպѹĻȻ
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ų˵ı飬һοľΪķ׽תͷһ˲䣬ʱ䲻ĿԵ˸һ޷ݵĹâ
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۸Ѿ˲ҿڵĵزֻڻ˴˵ѹŶԷĽмۡ
գĺ˾ǧŰһʮһļ۸֮ʱһж˳š
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ôκĶвˣŶԭκĻӾ磬м۲ձ˾Ŀŵв޹Сƽ񰡡
ЦţϵЦǽһ˺޵
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κκӺвȣĵľٶˡ
ôһ˵κӺɫ
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ϺǣκĶӿǴɱԽô죬Һأ
еЦŨЦôһ˿һ¶ȣһԾĴӶ¥żĴκӺǰ
ʯ֮䣬һȭݺݵĻκӺĸһȭνʮ㣬κӺֲ˵һĴ۵ڵֱɼһȭжôء

923 в

923  в
ҵ찡ԭӾȻôһĽɫһΪΪôĪĸ֡
ĵĻ־Ļص˶ߣӸµĿűԼһȭڸڵϵκӺ⣬֮Цޱ޼ʵɢ
ﲻǺеĻһκӺ⸶ΪصĴۡ
һȭκӺʱ򣬺ŵĸֱ֣Լɱ֮ȥΡ
СӡȻϮץסСӣ˴򣡡
ʹʹκӺ޷վ֮еĺݾ֮ȴҪʬ˴
һ˲䣬ǷӵϣһԵΧȺڷ׷ȥ½һѪڰеĺаδǰֹ̬ŸΪӵķչ
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ҵ찡㿴ôСС⾹ȻʣҶ궼ûˣ
ʲôˣȥʮͣôʹﵽʵĽ׶Σǲǿˣ
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һڻƽĽģε̾һʦ֪Сһųƽװƣ治֪ʲô顣
뿪֮ǰ޺˵һЩ飬бѳƽİš
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ԣĴһЩԼܼ飬ƽ
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ӣ׽ѾУպеĹأӦһԸ
ŮʦЦʮֲã᷽ŷʲô顣
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924 ͬ
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Сӣ˵ĸүүƴ޵ľƴĸ׺ĸ׿Ƿĺͽİݣ
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أҲĳˣһʮֲпʵǰ
񣬸ɵүүҲΪȫҶļͥӦʮֽǣǸˡ

925 ǷĻ

925 ǷĻ
׵Ļ˵Сʱ߶ǬȵȵǴħ𣬱ϾԼС֪ʲô顣
ҲΪˣӡ˳˯Ľ׶ΣүүֻҪҵءǰƵˣ֮ˣܿӡ
ԣ㽫ððʧʧ磬֮㷢һһ顣
˻ڣ˱ĩ࣬ڤҹȻǰԹʯűؼȺӢᣬΪĳںУͬʮݵϰ塣
ϰҲӦףȫҶļ壬һûпѹ󰡣Ҿ͵ܳˡ
һԵĽƶ¶Ž˵Щ֮󣬸ǶŲɡ
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͵͵ӽˮ뿪ģ׺͵һɸץңұץȥˣⲻ޵ĶԻϣϰұܣŮװݼڻȥܻöԵˣ
ıԼŮӵݣŮװڣҵڣҲֻ֪ڵĽǸӣԲỳɵġ
ģһ㱣ܵģһöϾûȥ׽͵͸ļ񡣡
ðɣϰҲģҲ˵ˣϾãʱϰȱʧҪϾе䡣
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ϰ˵̫ˣȵȺӢ֮ϰһΪͬ˺úþһۡ
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ҲԽĵ̬º͡
ϰҲĽңľУŮӵܻϣϰұܣ
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˵ҪпյĻͳ棬ͰѺеԼҡ
еһ仰κӺ⾪㵵ĵ°ͣҲúһҲһֵı顣
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İɣԲκģѷ׽͸㣬һҪƱܲϣ㲻ҪĻҾˣ
£׼׽⣬ջǽ˷׽ŽлЦš
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κĻκӺһס˻Ȼܲģȴʵ
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ǣ֣

926 ı

926 ı
ģʲôʱһүǺеϰ壿
ոհҺүͬˡ
ĵĻشкǻɡ
ʲôˣųô᲻֪ȷϽĺͺеϰδ棬ȴǰֳĻ棬ʵ˲⡣
Сӣ˵ʵǲǺеϰвʲôˣȵϣʲô¶㾡ܺ˵
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İһų磬˵Ǻģǻ˱Ť
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ĵĻųʮֲˬͲӦö˸˼С˶ӣҪǿȵϡ
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ģȣԣˣ
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ЦģЦǽһºͣЦҲΪֳԼѵ˿С
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Ⱥǵôϵζš
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ĵøӽ˵ŹȺӢ
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ȺӢһĵĹ涨ͬһӪĲ߿໥ýκԺͻĸΪ
ϣκȺԿϣĺͻͬЧɼ
ڽʮ֮󣬱Ҫһе
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䣬ʮ쵽ʮˡ
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ĺд߱񣬵ؼҵĳϿʮֲ֮һͷ
ĲǴĻǾԲý̤ؼҴһ
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927 зô

927 зô
д걨Ȱ˵£ĩļ˻лصĺԺϴһҪȰϵζɾ˵
ĸոϴ裬һγĺԺС
֮£ʪĳžӨˮ飬һ˲䣬һִһ㡣
ʲôûÿСӰ
ĵĻߣҲӶеʾع
ɶ컯֮£ĪǶԱͼ
⻰ȨЦȴЦ˱ë
ͼСô˵ĻǱӲʲôߵ飬ûСܵһƬ⡣
˵ţǰǱôǵýһۡ
ɣֱ鲻ʺ㣬ǱȽϺ˹İ֡
ԭΪСܵоȻ˹İΪġ
Ϸģˣ̾һǰˡ
ɶ¶Ҫдô
ǣҸҪ㡣
ɶ
ûôĵҪԼΪɶ
ǲ⣬ؼҵϴҪȻܵ
˵ؼҵ峤ذǸƢԸ񣬶Ϊߡ
󣬽ؼҺլĴС
ΪˣǰμȺӢ˶סڵĶ᷿кլǲ׼ġ
ʱĴУؼҵ峤ذ죬ԼؼҴУΧһЩؼҵҪԱоýһʲô鱻ץסѱûļӸС
࡫
ſˮĿ˿λŵӣؼ峤ذ졣
һֻۣð©ĸݡ
ѿذʱǸ硣֮ˣҲΪˣؼҼεֵܡ
ֶȳȥлͽһ£
ǣ״ˣ
£زȻһЩƢһЩԵ޹ʵĴ㡣
ǰһ仰ýн޲һ
ȥ֮󣬽ĶؼЩԱûɶ¶ҲЩϰµġ
Ҳȥɡ
һպȲĴ©˵һ仰û˵ɶΧؼһ˳˷䣬ֻʣ½ģԼذˡ
ҲˣǾ仰˵Ҳȥɡ
˵ûҲ˵ɶһĻǻ᲻
ĻгƽһзΪԼߵذҲһʱ
˵ţ
ںκ֮䷢һЩִ
һذ˵ںŵһЩϢȻĵںϵ־ٶؼѾ֪ˣȻҲ
κӺȣҲ֮ʱΪֻعѡ
֮ںҲڵѺʦԼҩүүκӺǸ±ľȻȣԲѷװƣΪȵĺԼڵĵȻǿߴ˵װƵϢ
׻˵úã˼գ첻ա
˵㶯ֵԭ򣿡
ˣ֪峤к£ΪشӵĲô
ȥҲֻһԭذټԼ
¿ۣıզ¡
峤ܸҸô
㽪Ŀͨ״˵ʲô
㣬˵˵Ĳ鵽զ¡
ŶӵĲ鰡
һˡ
Ѿдѽ峤˵һЩشӵ飬ҪشȾҪʮĲҩ
˵ҩµһƲ飬ãƲǮǴųġ
ˣƲǮϣ峤壬ĻҲİ峤Ÿͳɡ
զ
һ۾˲ɴ
СŮ޲µƲǵȻ֪ǰСŮ޾ȻҪ˸ļ۸ĺڰ
÷룬Ķܲµ˵ʲô
򣬴⻰զ˵ⲻһҴżǮƲ飬Ȼٶļ۸ǼϢҵһЩþټ߰˰˵ģôûٶ²ɣ
Ѿ˵ƭˣ
ؼ峤ؼҴؼΪҪԱǰôĿŵҪǮҲͽһˡ
𼤶˵꣡
ԽĴϣʾѻ˵ꡣ
ȻˣΪǰүҩģϾؼҵӴҲһʱʮҩݣǲǣ˵ЩһǸүѵġ
жǸУԼģͲ˵ˡ
ذؼҴ֪ǰĽڹ˭߬š
ô˵аܰȻ
ᵽʱذе鶢ŽģҪõһȷеĴ𰸣ҽĵĿҲΪһ㡣
ָһظŵʱ˵Ļ
ɰĻᣬһؼҴҲһ峤˵ˣֻɰĻ棬þȫ
罪˵һǷܾȻûʮİգ磬
ڵΪ޷ֳ뻯ҽ˵ѵĻֻɰ롣
ȻҲ֪ǰʲô飬Ķ˹Ϊ֮ҵĲ²ûдǰ¶֮һ֪ûԶش˯֮УӶﵽĳĿġ
ϵĶȻңҲʮԽӴɵ¶˲ûҪڵһʱȡҲнյ״֡
˵±ԣһϵĳ顣
ǰԼıҲҲȥ룬ҼȻӦ˾شӣһ߾ȫӹŹǰᣬҪؼҵļϣβĹвأشӶʱ
һ㣬ıҪذϸϸ˵ʱ״ڰеⶼͷϡ
ذŽĵһһ䣬˳˼ȻҲȥš
֮ذ컺ڡ
峤Ӧ㣬ȵȺӢ֮󣬵ʮҩȫ룬ؼһȫ㡣
Ȼ峤仰Ҿͷˡ
ЦţҲżһжҪȵȺӢ֮ʮҩ˵ʱǡ
ң˭֪ڼᷢʲô顣
˵ҵǺ棬һŮôΪһˣһ˷Ůġ
ذ֪֮ŮӣһΪϸԼɣҲΪĵһ̣֪εСŮ
˲ǣŮȴֳΪһˣֽԹʯ壬Ůӵʱټ

928 Ӷӵĵ

928 Ӷӵĵ
ذ쿴ǰŮװĽģǺ档
ϣͲϣ
ĿһؼҴϣؼҴȴһνı顣
ؼҵĴϣֲǽĵĴϣ˵ˣʲôʱӦŮӵݲ߱ˡ
ϻԸ⣡
仰÷뽪Ķ֪ʲô˼Ը⣬Ըϡ
ãؼ峤ĻϣŮӵݣؼҴûаŵģҪע⡣
ΪΣ֪ŮӣǸӮø
䣬ŮӵȻ٣ûӵԴﵽмҲʮֲͬģǵʦҲᱻʢޡ
οڴﵽʼΪΪλҪݡ
ҲŸλǴӼ͵͵ܳһ˵ģ׺͵֪ʲôطһκһ˳֣˵ؼˣʮҵκһ˵Ķ֡
ǽʮ޺ۣ˵ʵѡ
׵ӣһ֪ԼʲôطһͣĸϹɷ˵ȰץؽСݣȻƤմˮһͨᣬ˲ԣڽһ˼ϵĽ
ңվһԣԼ֧ס
һһ˼ңԼͺһγһ˵ˣԼ˲ˡ
˵ܱܵ£һҪŹꡣ
ȵ֮ڤҹڤ֮ʱԼϵӡʱɺΡ
ĺ֣µĺذ˵ԣһй¶ԼŮ֮󣬽ᷢʲôֲ顣
ϣؼ峤ʹϱҪǹغҸ˵İΣҲͬǹغؼҴӵİΣ
һǽеĽΪص鷢չڷ֪˽ʲôط̸٣֮ȫܳ֡
˭˶֪ĵĪڷĸˡ
Դӽ뿪ˮ֮󣬷ÿ춼ԼŮŮϢһ˿˿Ҳá
ȻСô˵ˣ峤Ӧ㲻˵ݡ
лǴأ
ĵĿ⿴ؼҴϣȻֻǺͷӼ棬ͺһӵܺһ
첻ϣһ߶߶ƻǳ
ؼҴϿһ۽ĵ˵ͷʾԼҲ˵Ů޵ݣô
ﰡؼ¿ܼطô
ؼҴذ죬ʺϲʺؼҵϱôܲôֱˬô棬һҲûɶĶŪôСؼҵϱҲиȤ
ϵĽ鲻
ذͬϵһɤӣ˵
ϷŵֻҪκĲ飬ؼҵϲ˭ͼ޸˭еĻˣ
Ų裬ذһ˵Ļ֮ʣĲһ˳һ˫µĿһûпЦӵذ졣
أ
Цأ
ӳ䲻ʹ
峤ˣô޸ܣشҷ֮£ΪһҽʦӦģ峤ֻҪͿˡ
ģԲҪ
滳ֵǲذģһһޣ⵱һԵĽԼĶӴ͸Լ
Ǹûгɻͷֵֵֻܵ顣
һᣬ˸ߣذؼҴȴǿСŮԽԽϲ
ҾͲˣôͿǸŮӣҵС˶Ӹ˳
񿴽ĵΪذȻˣѾ֪˽ŮӵݣۺͽĳϦദӣһֱɵĵֵһ

ҲԼӣľګԸ
ذЩԼӵ£ΪҪĻǹȺӢԼĲ顣
һߣصĺԺʱѾˣκȻ³Ժ齫ȺͻķĲʣһ³̣Ӯǽһϲ£졣
ҾͲˣ
ǲǱ֪ԺĶ㻹򣡡
վ³󣬿³¶ʯңƵһɫ档
˴ˣҴˣ
ԣ˲ܻأⲻϺء
ôܹ³ëȻܡ
³һĴˣǲĵͳƱǰ
ӾͲӮ㣡
˰³̸磬治Եģ
κҪȰ˵³֣ͣ˭֪³ƫаΪԼһӮù
վһԵĽεҡҡͷԶЦķ³ҲӮԡ
һּͲ͸³һҪʲôɣȫȫһƿС
ƫƫ³ΪԼƼ˵ãҪӮɡ
֪
УʳѰɣ˽Ǯ
Ȧ³ľ⣬ȫֻʣһ·ûˡ
̵еƱеЦжôŨˡ
ǶֵܣֵܵôĿǣƱϢĻ
֣³һ
Ѿģթࡣթ
˵ˣթ
Ц³ɽѶ
ңʱҲֻܿż˵ľȼûȥˣҪ֪ԼΪ齫ǮһƤġ
ģֵܣѴˣῴŸô
ҲûǮˣʮɶʱǮɶʱ򻹸ҾС
ô᲻һٶΪΡ
³²ӣǶƾһӳ徢ǺҲǻ
Ǳ㣬³̷ַΣգǱ
Ҳ³̣ŵƾҪֹǶֹҲĽ֡
³̷Ҫȥʵ֤³̻Ǹ³̣ҪĵëҪһʱˡ
գȺӢῪĻ֮ա
ΪٰȺӢؼңνǽһȺӢῪĻʽٰ¡֮ʡ
߹ΪǵϷפɫˣʨӦоУΪؼҵ峤ذȺӢʽʼ
μȺӢĲʮӵܣиŵĵӣԼ߹Ļӹ֮ࡣ
ȺӢĵһ첢ǽκֻĿʼ
ؼҵĴԼԺ䶼ӣɽ亣ζӦоУɫһһϡ
ΪҪؼд˷ĺܣԲûкͽĵһ
óԣóԣؼңⷹ˵Ĳ
ô¼ңǴڣܱܲô³
Ŷˣ

929 Ե

929 Ե
ɽôѣ³ĳࡣ
Ҳּˣѵ֮شصʱǳԷǸʱģڼΣյļԼڡ
Ҫ˾Ǳĩ඼һȺûԹöҰ򡣡
֪ˣ֪ˣ㿴಻ô
³ſӣһطϸʡ
òͣɿһ󷸶ġ
ǴϴֵǺ³̣ôĶŵı鿴˷θ
ȺӢϯ糿һֱϣֻҪˣʱضò֤ͣÿһʳﶼȺʵġ
ֻϣϯųĩ˻ŻصĺԺ
˵һȺӢƾԼʵΪŮľͻȺ
ȸˣžƿָ³Ծ
ڵӵݲμȺӢᣬȻһģڴŸԲͬ
˵ǾԲǫõġ
ǣµһǶ˳ɰɣ
κȲźȸ˵Ļص˷У³ҲԼſŻص˯˹ȥ
һ۽ģз飬Լ
ôͻȻˣ
ĺһЩƣɫ΢죬ɫ֮£ǷһĨ˳ĺΡ
һָоܷŮӵˣˣһδ˵Ļ
Թ鷢֮֪ŮӵݣԴ֪һֱֵܵŮԽĵ̬ȿƻѰʵȴ˷츲صı仯
ң˵ֱ񿴽ĵҲʮֱֲ֪Щʲô
İɣаѱУ浽ŮҲ˵ʲôġ
ʾģҪ˼ȴһ
ε̾һֳһĨЦ֮⣬˹ȥ
˵˵еɣ˵κĶӺ㶯ˣ
Ҫϸϸ˵ҰκӺˣӦҲ֪˵Ƿ飬ȳֵκӺ⣬ǼһȻưոݵġ
ȷϣκӺԸļˣڲᰲؼģȺӢʱ䣬Ҹʱȵ鷳
췢ʤĻ棬ĵмط̫ס
ȶ࣬ҷ˵Ժͷ׽ûйϵ
ԵԸ񣬼жעȷڿ׽ʱ˸ʮָӵɫýĺ⣬κֲֻᡣ
һڵķϨ𣬽ĵҪʲôֻڵԡ
˶Ǳĩѣʲô鲻Ӧ÷˵ǻһģôܺñһĬĬܵúá
ŽĻ棬˼Ƭ̡
׽֮ǰһʱ屻𣬷׽ʧ뵽ںС
˵йط׽飬һصĲ壬˼ʲôģ
Ȼǿ󣬵Ⱥ˺٣ȸǿŷ׽ĺһ˲ˡ
屻ͲرͼԼԤ֮żĹ
ԤԣʲôԤԣ
һԤ֣һ˵ʲôħŮԤ԰ɡ
Ȼ罪һ˵ԤǹϹħŮԤԡ
үү˵˵ռ֮ģΪرͼԤԵʱֻҲΪԭ屻һǿ𡣡
֪Ҳһ֪⣬屻ԭͲرͼԼϹħԤĪɷֵĹϵ
ٶһȤ˵һ㣬ƫƫԷ׽ˣҾ֪Ĳ壬˵ûпܡ
λû˵ʲô˼ˡ
ûܰɣ
Ҳ̫ȷԣϾԴӽ֮û˵һ仰Ҳǲˡ
˵ˣģȺ˻᲻ҲԵ鷳
ԺͻȻ両ֳԡ
㿴ȺҪռرͼԤԵϢ岻˵һЩ֪ԵĴڣضǧټʹռ
ͽԶ󿪣ʼһ쵽Ա׷ɱĪг
ôǱĩˣ˸ҶĻǺǱĩΪУ
ԣ˵Ūȣ
ͽĶҪһ
ⲻ֪Ըû˯վű˵ĶԻ
һǾ뽪ľȻǸŮӣҲϢ֮ʱ֮⣬Ըжıͽĵһ
ǣֳһĨЦ⣬ԿŽĺıӰһлл仰΢΢
գȺӢһʼ
Ϊĺ䡣
ҪȺӢѡĻ䶼Ҫͨ˫ȫ²ż汸
Ūī¶ôȻڷĺͽİݵѬ¼̳˶˵ĴǣǣǸϲ⡣
˵ˣСھӪ泤ĬдǿԵģʫǺǣ
ΪڵӵĴԾͽκȺˡ
Ե˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳѣʫ֮⣬Ҫչֳʫʸ踳Ĳա
Ըʫһףκǰ̯˷ãһĻ˿ǽһĿͬҲųֱҪǱһȥ
ȼ֧ͣ㣡
᳡ųǵƮ
ȺӢһԣѡһ˽κȺΪԵĴ˳ͨء
ˣȲ裡
裬վκż
Ϊλиղдʲôʫ̫£û
ʫʸ踳治Ȥ赶ŪǹУһʫԡɱúá
ĵʫݣԼκĿ˵ǽΪʵһԣûųеҵػ
ǣһɬĸʫʣ治֪ʱôģ˴ֱɲҲó׳󣿡
׼뿪ʱκӺǷصڽ˶ߡ
عۿŽ߽κӺ⣬һĨЦڴǡ
ô˺ˣҪҪɸʮģ
κӺ⣬ĩ˾ûкɫⲻؼҲ¶ĻһȥȭŪ
ȻκӺɵģŽļ֣æ
ʲôֻѣκŵġ
Ļг֮Ũң˾Ӧݺݵشһ٣趼ʶ
ҲԼκӵݲһݣͱŪˡ

930 ֲ

930  ֲ
ڽĵ˵κӺκΣڹƵؼҵݣ鷳ѡ
治ִ֪ĻҲͱˡ
ȺӢһԣκȺ˴ͣ˳ͨأ˽ǰһٸ
ڶҪеԣԺܺ⣬չȭɽĹԼ޵
ȻμԵǽĺͻ
ô
ŻյԺκȽһյǷĽһٵ
Զôǰȫɵô
Ҿϲô񣡡
ƣ̬κӺ۾Բ˷ݵŭǡ
ϧĩ˸ûκӺ⵱һ̲ˡ
˵һһеĶԹԹϲó֣ǿԵȵºְκӺҲμյԣٺ٣ãǰλû򹻣ҪҪ֡
ͽĶ֮ǰĬĿһκӺ⣬һۣκӺȫë
ȺӢĹѡȡһϸߣѡȡһԱȻ˷һͳһսǰʮʮοΪһСҲԸ˵ʻѡȡ
һ仰ֻҪȺӢǰʮǽᱻʮպ;
ҹɫ
˲Ժĳϣǿա
貵ǿһһģͺڤеԽԽǳĹâĺԼڤеʮֵ
һܲļ裬ڤе᲻ǳ֮أ
뵽һ㣬ԼЦ
ˣһЩ˯ȴյ԰ɡ
ա
μԵĽĺͻ˵Ĵߴ˴ĩļĶԵĻ᳡ϡ
һȺ˶μԵġ
ԵĹܼ򵥣ʮ̫ӣÿ̫ӿʮˣʱ棬վ̨ʮ˾ͻʤȡ˽ǰһʸ
ȻͻΪһ飬³ҲŽĻһ̨ϣϾ˶
ԣΪμԣ㲻ܲμӵڶԣԣֻվ̨ºκȿͬһ̨ϵˡ
ӽģʾ³̣վ̨Ʋϵŷš
ҼʮĬκӺѡͬһ̨ĿԲˡ
ವĺǴһɶȻǱĩͬڲһӪģôһӪģ
װ׵ĸ³ˣǵжԣԼͽĴڣɵһǴ¼ңһңһؼңһһһʱܲסʽô죬˭ġ
ô˵ˣȻԵļμȺӢᣬǵԾ˱ĩ࣬ɲô˵˸飡
³ʮίҲΪĽĺͻŻѡվͬһ̨ϣͷ

ε̾һĵĽĺͻ˵θ߳վŮӡ
Դ֪Ů֮ʱʱĶһЩеûģǲġ
ȫȫĽģҪǵĽһʱղסʽκӺ⣬ȻȺӢһϡƽʱ䣬ʱڣľԲκε鷳ϾĶҪ
ģһ֡
ףؼҵϣҲκĶڱ̨ϡ
ıʾͲõˣзִ硣
ɽԽô˵Խǲġ
һᾡܵŵ㣬ҪĻҲõһʱԤЩ
ʽʼ
ÿһ̨϶ˣԭʮ˵ĸ̨ȻԤ㡣
ȻԽˣ̭Խ죬ʱʱ䣬̨ϵѾһ롣
䶷ġ
ҲΪˣȺӢڶյ˲Թߡ
ĵطһΧѾΧ㿴ֵĳԹȺڣвС̷˻˶ľ֣ǽһ𰡡
ʮ̨ÿһ̨϶Ѫ쳣ҲΪָйٵĴ̼ŸǵעȤ
򰡣ȭҹȭƯ
˵˵ôô֪㰡ղһȭȥģǰ׳գ
˶עӮȻϲ£죬˵֣޲ǰȥμԡ
˵״򲻴򣬲Ͻȥ
ݹÿһ̨ڽмҵɱƫƫһ̨ϻ쳣
ô췽ʽأ
ô˵ɣκκӺ⼸Χм䣬ǽһңƫƫĵסȥ·²̨
ңΧ˶ְæԼҲᱻʹᡣ
ģ˶豾ӣһᱨѩ޵ģ
ǺǣǾƾ˶ôˣô۸ȵģκӺ⣬κӵڱи߸ϣзĲֵڸҶκȲһԴ۶ϵȥ
ĲδκӺɱ֣ôôѪȵ飬˵ˣٱȺӢؼңܸؼҵ鷳
ǵˣǻκӺ˳һֵ
һĨħЦ⸡ڴǣһۿκӺһŸ̨ȥؼ֮ʱ³̺һһҵļסκӺ˫ۡ
ӵôˣǷס㣬ҪȻʹ̨ȥˣһҲʧȥ˽ʸ񡣡
ûǾҪκӺҪ֪Ҫǿֲ
֪κӺʲôУԣҪȡһһݵİ취
ѡһѡһ
ٸȷ֮󣬽Աͳһһؾ֮Уؾ֮ᷢʲô飬ǾͲö֪ˡ
ǵЦԽа񣬽һߵκӺǰűԼҪһͷˡ
ӣඣ
һͭ
ԵһٸˣĩļȫУңͬһ̨ϵκӺҲС
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931 ͳ
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932 оյɳ
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934 ҵ

934 ҵ
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ɶ˼Ҿ˵һЦôҰɡ
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仰ƽؾһ쳹ͬʱҲ𾪵³̶ŴͣԼЩ
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֪ô֪Ůӵݣһֱڱĵܡ
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ղ˵ɶŮӣЦذɣ
ԣһǿЦ
ŮװԼĿģΪѰһˡ
˵ŹڽŮװɣ֣صıʾ˱ĩļ֮⣬Բ͸©ʵ
һʱ޷ܣĬãԺвϵ뽪һĻ档
ôһ˵ԭĻ治һĻĻ֣Ҳ֤⻰١
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Ƕ˵һμ֮ʱǸĿСǸŮӡ
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ΪԶ֮ϣкεȱ뺷ȫȫжɻҪˬ
Ȼ֪ദ˿һʱĺֵǸŮӣ³е±ơԣǺ±ƣ
ʵˣĵǸŮӡ
˸˵ڽŮݵʱҵſˡ
κ˫մȾѪҺһ
κ߳ĸǰѯŽĵ
ȣôˡ
ĸ硭ԣĽû¶ˣеʧѪѣ˿ѾˣĽ㰲˯һʱͿˡ
κȽнĵĳƺıˣҲ͸߶ʵԲݷ
ʱڤεĽĲ֪緢ʲô顣
ڰб鲼ɫڵϣΧƮɢ
֮ԻԣΪԭ򣬶ΪѪҺٻƽԪķ̫
ҪǵĸĻʬû˼ǵ¶ѪٻƽԪ
Ҳˣһ˲գĻԽڤ档
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һ˫޹ĿŽģѵԼдô

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¼ҵĶϱһҪᣬڶҪᣬҪᡣ
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֪Ůݵ̾һ
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ǿǾǵͼɫɳ֮ء
ԶԶؿȥǹۼ֮һ㣬
߽֮󣬸ͬɫĺ֮Уԡ
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936 

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תص˱ĩǰʾһ׼öǰһ֮أҲԼߣǳֳɵĽͨߣš
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¹գûߣǳʶˣ
ˣҲǵһߣо൱硣
ǰСʱ֮ǰ¹ͻȻһѪ֮ɫҲӿŻѪζ
˻˻ֱ࣬ɳ޸˺Ƭȥ
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Ȼ֮أҪﾺķǿͻţû͹ԹԵĳΪ˵в͡
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˻˻УӿǸ߼ħޣǵͼħ޲ȥģ˵ˣ˵ĹͷӲŲѶ¹ͷء
űʾԼϲʳϲϺܶħʥ޵ȵȵȵȡ
ǿǸǲҵˡ
ָŲԶڱһȺɳקɳĮ֮ˣûĻ˲ҵôȴƬɳĮ֮С
ųɳ޵ĵʱԭǱ뵽ɳеɳ޷׷˳һ˫˫ɢɫ׹۾űϵ߸࣬
𣡡
ɳ׼ʳ֮ʱһɤӺ˳
˻˻ȺС˱ȶԶ㣬ŲŪ峤

937 Ҹ

937 Ҹ
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ȻһɤӺ֮Щԭ׼ɳ޷׷ȥսԼɳС
һȺʱʣǰҫ
Ϊ߽ħޣȻǿȺֻɱɱĵͽħޣȻҲ࣬ǱŵСһ˵а취ԼͻȻһὫЩСȥ
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ŵͷʱ򣬽ҧָѪŵ۾УѪҺʱ򣬺һ޷ȫš
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˵ǰʲôֻɽˣǶҪڶ֮ء
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үүǼ˽߸СӣдԷ
Եķ˶ԼֵģȻûʲô⣬Ϊԭ̬űζ׷ס졣
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׻˵ĺã©ƫҹ꣬ͷ磬߸ŵѵĲ֪ӺδһȺֱײķ˹Ǹղĳɹũһң﹡ϵĵ߰㡣
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938 ôô

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³˺ķһʱʱõˣò˵⵾˵ЧȺ
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գɽܾ⵾עǣɭɭķë
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ҸɽȻɵֻɽֵʱֶָ֮ᷢҲһ飬Ҹ屻绤УűҸɽϵ޻ӡ
ڽҸɽ֮ǰ峤үүң߸˹ҸҸݺҸͼֻҪҵӦĶɡ
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ǣں˽һߵʱһǰһΣս٣ӰĿĲδóѡ
СһЩҸоûԶ
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ֵǣ֮Ǹܲκηĺۼֻж֮Ƿ촵ҲΪˣĲŻжǾڲԶˡ
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³̵˼˵ע˷׷СУŵıڻ
ڻһŮӵȫФͼŮӳʮüǲ˵һ˫ǻ˵һ㡣
ĿŻϵŮӣܾʲôԾĵط
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ʱһСŮһۿžҪѩ񣬾ڴʱһµ˳֣ɡߵСŮߣϵ·ϡ
СŮ̧ͷŸԼůˣ˵һ˹ȥ
˱СŮصԼţҽСŮ˿ڣСо˻
СŮΪ˸м˵ľ֮ŵССۣʲôۻҪŸɡ
ķҹСŮ˯˰һոһգһ¸һ£һ긴һꡣ
أСŮģˣСŮСʴϻʲôֻҪһѧ߰˰ˡ
ȻȻСŮԼĵӡ
һǱʮ꣬˽֪˸ѵŮӣҲΨһĵӣŮ޵ֽĪȾ

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943 걯
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ŵӵܷ׷ȡеϣĪȾһۣһۣҲĸԸˡ
һʱȥˣʱȥˣʮʱȥˣĪȾɽѾΪ߹½Ů
ҲûΪʱƣȡĪȾӵģ֮ȢԽԽ࣬ൽ˿־塣
ɲ֪ôģĪȾȴЩԼȫߣԸʦΪ顣
˻֪ĪȾףһֱʦСʱʼǴѩʱʦһһӣ޷뿪ʦˡ
һۣꡣ
ĪȾҲ֪Լݸ䲻ʦԼѧе˽յĵزվһ࣬δ޳ԵΪ֮ˡ
ĪȾģֻҪܰĵĴţʦ߾ͺãһֹһգһֹһ꣬ĪȾɵĸӵŨһֱѹĵ׵ûб
ⲻ֪ҲԼͽܲУ֪ĿʼĪȾԼͽܣΪʦ򲻿ɶԼͽܲκβ˼룬ߣԼ޷㣬ҲԲе档
ĪȾѹŶɵУҲͬѹոһոӼҵĸ顣
׽Ūһ˭Ҳû˵ڡ
ֱһ죬һ˳ţĹӣǳ໹ΪһٮٮߣһһĴڡ
зڵһۿĪȾʱ򣬾ذӣģ۾µĴݲУҪȢĪȾΪԼӣһ겻б꣬겻бһ꣬ˮʯոһȥĪȾһᱻ򶯡
ţҲʵԼľٶĪȾǡôĳ֣Ի
ĪȾ֪˼ֻԼĺֵܣͬͬǣǲˬأʼĪȾ
һգΪΣյĵط˷ݣԷΪƸȢĪȾ֪ԼɻᱻܾĸԸ
ĪȾδܷķݣΪϵ˿ڣһĻȴɿѹŵĸҲ֮ŷɽһйš
һΪʦɺΪͽܵĪȾԽ˶֮һ谭˱˴ˡ
ҲǴһʼһ۵ıı뱯ڻ
ΪɵʦԼĵ˽ͨɲϵޱȾᣬȥ޷赲ԼĪȾʵС
УɺĪȾͬͬȻӡŭˣʵһֱ֪ĪȾϲɣǣὫĪȾٲԨ
һ߹¶ָϬۻࡣ
ǽ֮ɽȶ˷룬ҵʦǰĪȾ
Ϊ󲻵ãΪȿҲΪʱħ̵ıʹø֮ʿ׷׽ҸͶűѡ
Ϊ˱ĪȾЩ֮Ϊɵ֮ʿɱҽͷ­նвĪȾ
ŷǰĪȾŭˣЩɴŸĽڣʵֱƵľٶΪ˻ĪȾˡ
ѾˣĪȾ뿴ʦҲΪԼ䡣
ˣĪȾħˣΪħ̵ŮɱȫɱҲŹЩ˵ļˣеӤ
ɵĵӶ顣ΪħŮɱ֮ʿһʱ䣬ħ̡
һճ־õħսУħҲʬƬҰ
գڹؼʱ̣ɳˣĪȾǰֹ
ɿˣ֪һǧΪԼ
ǵûڴѩĪȾɽѹסԼУǡ
һ䣬ɸĪȾĶ˵һ䣬֮˸жãͿԺĪȾ԰һ
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û֪ȥҲû֪ǻ
棬͵ǰҲһ̡
СľһϵŮĪȾ

ε̾һѪɫѪɫõأɺĪȾԼûде̰
Ϊ飬Ⱥ֮ô£Ҳ˲ĪȾҲῴΪ˱Լħ
ΪɱǧͿ̿
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̾Ϣţһǰһлָԭڤ硣
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˳ŸĬĬسţƽԵ³ҲĬ
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κҡҡͷǸֳһĨЦ⣬ʮֱ˵Цݡ
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ĪȾ
ԣĪȾ
ɻôѣ³еǸŮӽĪȾ
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˵ΧǲйŹ֣
ҪȻ߸ôһΣڹⰲŵһ
ΧǷ쳣ʱһ飬Ҳͬʱǰѣ
ҡͷͼԺлĸо˦ߡ
ɲ֪ΪΣĪĸԽŨң˵ʶҲǱʲôһ㣬κģ
һӰ߸˵ǰ˲ǻϵŮӻ˭ҲгֵŮĪȾ
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ĪȾڰУɫһһɨ˵ӣڽϵʱӰţеħŨ

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944 ôôɵ
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ĪȾһеʱضܽ߸նɱһ㡣
ĪȾûô
Ҳ֪ҸɽɽѰ߿ӵ飬ֻҪǴӦһ£߿Ȼϡ
ʲô¶Χ֮ڣȻ˵Χ֮ɱǣҲ޷ס
ԴըһʹǾҵʹý˫𽥱˳ɫۿħĽľҪƳ
ħĽļֵһ̣ıĪȾѹ˻ȥ
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ϾһӦĪȾ߸˵˾Ҫϵһ˭֪
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ΪʲôԼȥͣʦ
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ħսɻĪȾΪѾ뵽µľ磬ĪȾɵĽЩʿȫɱΪʦҲֹĪȾΪ
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СһЩĪɱħȾǣ
ȳŨħǧʱĳǵûмʤ
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СһЩ
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ǽıˤ˳󱳺ݺݵײұϣûнʯڲ³̵Ҳһıһ顣
ϰϵ˷ĻţĸоѾ˦3
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˵ˣⶼ˶ˣɼǳΪʬ壬ֲɼΪжô
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еĺɫʧ֮ʣµıһƬɫĿռ䡣
ҲӦֹʱĪȾ˼ǰվһ
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һĨܰŨŨеЦݴ¶ţĪȾԼˣɢ֮ǰڿһ۵ɣҲ֪ˡ
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945 ĪȾĪȾ

945 ĪȾĪȾ
վĪȾǰ֣޳ʳָظĪȾգôĳ谮ôϧ
֪ɢħ֮ʧұתΪôɵҲΪôģ
˫۽ĪȾӵڻУһһİ
֮ԲľҪĪȾԶһ𣬼ǲǱ˴˶֪ԷĴڡ
㣬ǲ̣֪ĪȾţͺá
ʦת֮һҪúõأûߣ㲻ҪСһʳ
У˭ҵŮӣҲҪȥ˵ϲ˵Ҫ棬ᡣ
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ʼգĪȾЦţԼʧ֮顣
ʦҪôüչĺòãҿˣ뿴ЦǸѩ죬ЦҪҪһߡ
Ҹʱ⣬ʦˡ
ĪȾôܷΪʦһ˶䣬֪Ϊʦʲô֪Ϊʦϲã֪Ϊʦ鷳飬뿪㣬Ϊʦ绹ʲô˼
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946 С˼С˼

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ӵ֮Ѿͻ۷޴ʦļڶʲôȼߴڣȻԽĽʡ
ħ˶ڸУû뵽С࣬ƫƫһħ޸ɷڵء
ӣ˶ٸ
࣬Ŷʮѡ
ħڶ࣬ЩǿθˣĻں档
ԣκȺҲս֣һʱ䣬ֻħȺһ߹һİ֮
˵ɣڵʲôΪ
żЦŽģѾʵļ
һߣŴ۷޴ʦļʵļûи꼸ʮǸ򲻵Ϊģǣӵ֮£ֱӿԽ˼ȼʣ߸κҲﵽʵļ𣬸˵ˡ
㲻ͻʰɡ
ĻǾ̫̬ˡ
ڣҲûô͵ߣ޻ޡ
ôС˼С˼ûôء
ЦţЦȴǵһۡ
һߣ˼ս֣ħڶ࣬Ҳ޷κ⾫˹ƣܿģһħ޲ϵĺˡ
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ҪܵСһһǰץסСβͣ䵹ڰС
ԭһʼǣܺã
һһܺãǿ޵ĴСһȫĺëը
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ĪӵܰǽҸɽɽĵشյʱ䣬ôܽӵյøɸɾ
ɻ˵ˣԭĻʲôܽ͵˼˵ΪѸ͡
ٺ٣㿴㼤ɶⲻǸ㿪ЦôҵСǸӷˣ
ССڰеСצһĻţʾ˺
ӷ磿ҿƲǽӷ磬Ǵʲôء
ЦţЦȻСһһĳ׵ĳ˹ȵס
֪⼸ྐྵȻ̰1
Сǧ㶼û뵽ĵ˻øû٣û뵽û뵽
У㿴ⲻҪҸҸݺҸôֶ֪СĴȥ
СڵҪ·ѾϹһεĽĵȻϵڶε
ã㻹εļֵôȰɣħ޺ܲģ
˵ţ׼СӸϸ˼Ӳ͡
𣬴˵ģСЩǷԷθģҸҸݺҸֻħ޲ܽȥȥˣһᱻеǴҲк³ġ
СɵҡͷŶʾԼԻԹԵ·ҰõҸҸݺҸֶԲˣκֶΣҪȻ׺䡣
СֵѾнͣȻǲСĻˡ
ӣСҲȺħ޵졣
ôǵ˵ҸҸݺҸʲô磬ħ޲ܽȥء
ʱƭλģҸɽЩħ޳궼֮УСӼλүӣҲҪתԼһɳڣȻħ뿪
˵СһЩˣҲ֪Ǵ黹Ǽ⣬˵ŹҸɽħ޵顣
ںܾúܾǰոսɵһ̣ǵ汲ɴģǶˣԣ˵Ľ֮ء
Ҫȥְ취һɷǳȥѾˣǲҲὫǷ˼
ڶְ취ǵõɱΪľڣȻ󲻶ϵǿǿܹͻ֮صĽ磬ͿԴħ뿪
ǣոһ긴һ꣬ȺħѾﲻ֪ˣҲ֪淢ı仯
ǶѾˣ˷ܵĺǣǰҲ̻ħޣʤĿĶҪ뿪ʲôֶΣֻҪ뿪֮ؾͺá
ڣСһ˽߸ˣо˽ĵӲͬŴŽĵɽ֮ȥһ
û뵽飬ǲõӣһ˷۱˵׵׵ķס뿪֮صһ·
Сһ̾һ˻Сצӣʾħȥɡ
е鶼ѾΪ˶֣Ҳûʲôɸıˡ
ǵ˱֮صҸɽ֮ȥԶ
С֪ݺλǴ˲㣬ҲøˣǵĽҲǱԶ
Ǹĳͷĸ˵˻ħ޶Ҫһֱħޣգĸ׵Ľ̻壬ҲǵС
վԼǰ߸࣬ǽԼץסĽģСһһص̾һ
ǷİɣƾǵΪȫԵЩħޣΪȺİΣҲҵҸҸݺҸġ
СһѾκεֿˣʾ⽪ĵˣҲˣκֶΡ
СһôˣղŻһթı룬ôһɰĪı
³Ȼ֪Сһ˵ʲôǴǱҲܲһɱ֮顣
һΣ
׻˵úãһٶģСݺǣþĻҲߵز
һȺİΣʾô
ãҾһΣ
ķſСκȵ˸ڽСһָ£Խһɽɽ֮ͣ
ҸҸݺҸɽ棬ң򲻿ɽ룡
˵ţСһתûɽ֮С
Сһ˵һɽֶһ˷˲þӶж֮С
Сˣذɡ
ᣬҵĻЩħ޵Ĳ¾ͱùˡ
Ȼһ֮Сһͷһߴֲصǰ
ֲֵһ׶ߣлҶӻвݡ
ҸҸҸֶһģศ߰ɡ
ֲｻ˽ģСһ̧ͷǰͬѰࡣ
ι࣬ΪʲôҵĻ
ģңҲʶͬࡣ
ЦţҸݹֲתȥСһеɡ
ûཱུСڵĴħ죬֮Ĵڡ
˵ħѾ˺ܾãһֻǴͺñȰѩ̡
ѩ֪ԼͬĻӦûģһ㣬ҲὫСħɱˣǸһѵˡ

947 ˵Ķ

947  ˵Ķ
뿪Ҹɽ߸˻صҸ塣
ǽҸɽʼѾаˡ֮ˣһοģڴڵ̺үүǵǷ
ǰǻˣ
үү̣гԵô
ӹĽиͣҸɽôǼûԵʲôö
УУھ͸ȥȥϴϴ
߸˸үү̻صСԺԻصԼķкúõϤһ
ϴ֮ǿŵϵĹ˶Ĳ档
ΪѰİ࣬ΪѰС̲ˣһ͵ѼֱκʰζҪóԡ
һһĳţһѼһѼţգһ˵ףѼҲһʣȫ߸˳˸ɸɾ
Ĵ˸ö
㣬о궼ûԹˣ
³ķҪ̫ŵûţҪٳһ롣
ñö
˸öųŴĶӣͺǻ߸µĸһ
˵ľٶֻ̺үү
ƽͺãƽͺã峤⼸ҲڴתأҲǺܵǡ
үүɱô˵Ҫ浣ǵĻôȥôΣյĵطҸҸݺҸ
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Ҳô˵峤ôҲԭģҸһƬͣʵΧĽѾֻҸҸݺҸֶļӳ£¸Ⱥ˰ص˼Ҳܰĵȥ
үү˵Ŵ峤ľٶȻ߸˵ΣһЩܲȺϹͷȥҸɽвɼֶȥˣ峤Ҳͬġ
ÿʮʱ䣬峤ᷢһΪľǿҸΧĽ磬һ֮
һүүô˵ҲԷ˶Ҹ峤ĳɼ
ˣҸҸݺҸѾûˣͺˡ
һϵʱ䣬˶˯ʮǼ˭Ϊȵһˡ
գĽ˯еһˣ𴲰үүʱ峤ҲСԺС
³ѾҸҸݺҸȥ˴峤ңҴһϢɵ񣬾Ϳ뿪Ҹ壬ǰһ֮غ
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峤ڳԷļˣ˲Ϊ峤
ǵ񣬵ǡ
峤׼˵֮ʱԶƵĪүүĪүүҲҸˣѾаʮŵĸˡ
ֻĪүүŹչԼٶȳŴ峤˹
峤ȫˣӦؼҺҵˡ
Īүү󣬵ȴ峤˵æ곯Ŵȥ
ҵ죬զˣ˰Ƥô
³̿һĻд緹³ڱ˻ȥ
ˣϿ̧棬ȥ׼õĶ
֪ˣ
³̧̧æҵĻصүү̵ļ棬˵˷˿ϡ
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˿ڣĸ˿ڡ
ʱе񻺻˫ۣһ˫ӿŽģǸֳһĨЦݡ
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ᣬһ仰£ɢȫһ㣬һ˻֮С
ȣӴҩļ
֪ˣ
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³̣Ժͻĸվһԣ岻֣æҲ֮أֻĿš
һᴦ˿ϵĵ֮ʱСһЩЩжأһƻ˴̣öҺ
֪ˣ
ȫ¶ѪԵ˿ڣ˿лһ̣ŶҺ
Ϊ˽Щ̴˿аγҪⶾҺѪҺ֮У˿νССġ
ڣԲһʱ䣬Σա
ۣȣ¶鷳ˡ
İɣ
κű˿ϣһʱ䣬ͽĶ˲Žǻ˵Ļͻˡ
κȸ˰˿ڣԶ࣬ʾ⽪ĺȴպϳһЩ
զˣզ˵ôأ
³üͷʼС
ʲôˣǿǼ׵һеţܺͽĴƽֵĴڣ˳Уõ˭˵ôء
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¹֮£żϣɫһϸĵ̡
пյģϸȥ滹жҺš
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ֻ뵽ô࣬Ψһȷϵıǣ⵹̾ǰŵҲ޷˾ܵİҪпյĹܵм붾Һ
ңղҲоһ¶ҺֶҺħ޵һжء
ˣƽ£ⲻõô
ҲˣǳҸĴڣ˵ĻĽվҺؼδ̳˵ļˡ
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ҹĽŵƿһֱȥĻ˿ڲѣתĽ
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жٸǳԶ٣ܵǸоʹ
Ψһķӣö˰ͺ˵ˡ
һϵʱ䣬˶ߣںҩ£Ҳ۵ȥ
ĺκһһĸ˻ű涼ŨҵѪζ
һҪסôΣյĵط߹ˣ
˽ĵ˫ۣһ˫ӳѪɫ
ģҳʲô⡭㡭ҪҪҪҪڤӣ

İһ񣬶ʲôʱ˻¡
ŵ㣬˽ҸһܣҪҪܡ
˻˻棡
ǵȻҽʲôʱƭ㡣
žʹģĲֲ̣ܴʹǣֻʱķɢ˵עԻһǵʹ֮С

948 

948 
һʱʱȥˣʱʱȥˡ
ճǰ׵ʱھʹĥһϵ֮£ڽƣĳ˯˹ȥ
Ҳýĺ³һ
ã˶˹ȥ
Ҳȥ˯ɣš
ʾ⽪κȥϢڳ˯УʲôٽҲ١
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ĴŹǷһ߳İ࣬һһ˵ˡ
öˣʹѾʡȥ˲٣Һɢ
ǾͺãҲ֪ʲôΣա
ߣı߳߿ɷ׵ɫҪǻ΢ĺϺûʲô
ŵʳ񻺻˫ۣĿתĶųԵĽġ
ɶҲܳԷ

Ĺ죬ЦŴѲˡ
Ǹħ
⻰զ˵ҪǶħĻµˣܰǴүиѽ
һۣİѳԹ˵һߣ̽Ѱ
ǻָ˺ܶ࣬ٹվͿԻָ߰˰ˣһͳˣ˵׻˵úֵˣҪġ
仰۾Ҳ˫ۣһŽġ
ҪȥҵĲҽεġ
ô˵İҪ֪Һܺķ˶ôѪŽӹŹɣۣʹۺˡ
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ŽĺҪģ˻˵뿪ʱҲһɡ
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ļ˵ʲôʾȾһʱ䣬ȵ˿ںԪָ˲ˣʱȻҪһġ
ȻԼ˵ĹϵûбĩЩôܽ˵ôأȤ֪ʲôɫĴڡ
Ҹ峤Ҳ֪ĵӣԼƵҩƣҪĵ˽ȫ顣
Цɣ
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ټϽҲҪҩƵЧǲĺүү˵һô棬׼뷿佫·ҩͿĨϡ
ǣԴ֪Ů֮󣬾ͶŮ֮ĹظĿУȻý˱˵·ˡ
¶ǾͺãǼվ̫ѪȣŻǵģ
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չҩƲ壬ʹĸо̼ÿһ񾭣һˣҲ޷˺ѷεۡ
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Ϊ̫ö˼ʵĻԺеħޣҲ
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⣬ѯ״̬Σû費ҪǶкõĹײġ
ϾؼҺδļ̳ˣľһҪģ˵ǴģҲҪߵĽ˿ľ
ģҸֲ޴󰭣
³һ
ҹɫСԺС
ĩ˶û˯һǿ񣬲֪˺ʱҲڿŴ峤ĵ
ʱ򣬴峤СԺ˵û˵ĻҲҸһ
ܼ򵥣ҸǿľͳɣʲôҪӦֻҪʮЦӡ£ͿԽһ֮غ
ǰᣬ׼κΪȻͻᱻдЧ
Ҹʮ˼ңסĶǡ
ǿģ򵥣Ƕ֮󣬾ȥɵ񣡡
³Ϊһ˳ԲɵȻǰһ֮غ

еĵļ˴ףκȻ˰ģ³һΪԼ˳һߴе֮ʱƵе齫ơ
ӮˣǮ꣡
һĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϣҪôթжôթ
³̵Ϊ࣬Ѿʼĸˣô

ε̾һΪҲһЩڿӡ
ܲǷţ
У˵˸ֽ¼Ҵӵô
Ŀɲң˵ֿˣŲⱾأ
㿴ҲֵͬܽãҪ죬߿Ҽ֣һһӮƣʱȫ㣬զ
ң㲻䣿
΢΢üͷԲġ

949 ҳ嶯

949 ҳ嶯
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ʾ⽪ʱ˵ƣһжҪȵ³Լ˲á
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Ȧ³ǽһңǽһп찡
³̸磬ˣûĽԼƢ̫ˣԼٲ֮ô
գκȺĵ³̣ôĿΪΡ
³̿˿κȣֽ˽ԵϣһĨЦУ˼ͷ
ҳ嶯ˣ
³Ҳ׹˼˵⣬ԼƢ̫壬ʲô¶һɳ徢ʮֲá
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˫ֶżЦ³һı顣
ʱԭ߳˷ţһţͿΧһȦڴ齫
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Ҳףָ֮ôĹϵڴ峤һҩơ
оôˣ
æʾ
˳Դ֮⣬ȫ¶űԵĲ£˻˽ĵĶ档
ģΪֺҪΪֶƹײأһϰףֻӲܸƹײģ֪˼ǲҲһ㣿
Ļ˲ǵñĩļ˷׷תͷһµϡ
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Ķ豭Ƿһʾ˲̫ڵģ
ĲôԲô룬öҲ˼ǵĶ࣬ĶԻԼŽĵ񣬻Ҳ֪˽Ůӵݡ
˫˿ԣҡҡͷ¶ʱǲҪ˱ȽϺãǽģ˶û˵ݵ¶
ˣʲôΣգô˵ôأУ˿ĵʲôħ޵ģ
Ļǵֱ̣񣬵ĶҺš
ԶҺССоһ£ڵʱ̴Ӷ˿аγʱСĽκβףõĶҺ͸ƤУǾֻеܾȻˡ
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ҲΪ֮ر˾裬ˣЩں֮Уһ̴֮صĴţŻҸУĵȡ
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һԵھŽĵˣһ˺еöǱĸǲ֮ҪԵȴǾһΣգһҪСССĲǡ
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飿ֻõͨô
ԣĺĴͳǺĹƺģȺӢȫ
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ƽϹŴõıԸħӦûɡ
ҡͷʾ⽪ĲҪðա
ħһ㶼ǳȺӵĳ֣ǲǺħ޵Ķ֣˳źһֱѰҵǰȥҺߣȻ뿪ںͣһ̡
Σ֮£һĻޣȴ˶ҺֻҪմȾϣ˱ж
Ȼ˵һʵҪΣյĶöࡣ
δڿЦ뽪ĵ˵˺Σ⡣
֣µĸˣѰҵ֮һҪͣǰѰҺߣңۺ˵ʲôҪţֱǰһ֮ء
ˣɴ峤ĵ֮󣬾ͻǰ
ĵ˵ͷӦȥ֮Բġ
Ŷ˱˸ʬҰҰ죬ڵӦ޷ɻɣ˵ǰħޱ鲼ҸɽȥѰҸҸݺҸˡ
ȥ峤ǰͨء
Ϊֵĺġ
ĻһǵüͷĻôԽԽŤǹ֡

950 ߸˶

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ˮУĩ߸ųһţŵ磬һһš
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ȵһֱ࣡
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﹡Ͽ߸Ľǡ
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Сò߽ģⶫȻ֮һҪʲôҸҸݺҸֻеȵʮ֮ˡ
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СһǰĴӻͳһöϾӸ
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951 Ҫˣ

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һĿɱĩκΪұöࡣ
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׼νᡣ
³һ裬Ⱦ񾭣ܣһ廨ͻħһ֪ʲôϡ
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ܰȫǵĻڣȫȫ󰡡
һβ׵£Դ֮󣬱ĩأ׼³̿ڳ裬ڻʮ֮ڲܼ廨룬Уý̤벽
һδ˽ɣЩҸ˻һʣҲ֪峤ڵ֪Щ֮󣬻ʲô顣
Ҳܲŵõˣ

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ţʱҸ峤ǰһ۶ڽпĽģһԺеĳϡ
ʱ䣬Ҫô
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ЩãȻκգգ۾ڽĵҪ֮£ȥ˻ĵɽС컨ڵĵط

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罪һЩС컨ʮҩ֮һ
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СĽĻժڱ֮С
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ӸƨҪܱĻúǰ
һЦֻԹ³̸лٶ
ɾڴʱŷ紵źǰǰϰߣһľӾڼ˵ǰ



ǽģ³Ҳˡ
ǲ˵Ǹӣ
꼻ķӡֱֻ̬Żֹķӡ˭
ģĻ飡
Ǻǣ
Ŀű˻ƵǰĺӣѾվߵԱߣȷ˵ķӡźĺ֮ʱҲ֪ʲôʱ˿̵顣
ֻ˵ôĹ죡
ǲһƾǹôߵ˾ĵ
³Ȼʹָо
Ȼ˵ϵ˵ͱ䣬ɱǲ̫һЩˣˣ׵ȵȵȵ飬ͺǱ˹ⰲŵһ˵Ĺ졣
³ôһ˵ĵҲò̫񣬺ĺѾˣһҪõ飬Ȼǰ롣
ǣʲôطôȥ롣
ôȥ룬ҡ
³˶Ҫʵ⡣
ĵطôȥ룬촬ľô
ǧˣһ籩ʲôģ߸˾ֻеķݶ
ǿ
ʱָ֣ŲԶʻһҴ󴬡
аԣ
аԣ
аԣ
Ҳ̲ס˵һ໰Դ֮һеΣնջǰ
ǲЩ̫ɺˣɺϵ˹ⰲŵһ
أǰʲôħ֣֮ͷȻֱɽǰ·
˴󴬵ע⣬ڴԱİ£ĵ˴
Ҵһ̴ϵ˸ոմӸĵչ˻׼ǰȥ̣ⲻҪռһЩˮ˽ĵˡ
ϰ壬лȡ
Ӧõģ˷뼺㡣
ϰһ귢ˣúǺͰףһ˫Ц䡣Ц⡣
λҲҪǰô
ţȥ¶˭֪˷籩С֮ϣлϰȣȵ˺ǻص˼֮󣬱Ȼл
˫ֱȭһһ価ԴҴõķ緶
м֮ⲻ٣λȫǽ˵ٻҲô֮ǰǧ˱ĩ߸֮ⲻҪκˡ
仰˼УȻ֪ϰԼʵݡ
޷λҲԵ֣˴뺣뻹Ҫʮḷ́⴬ϵЩλӦǳ֮ɡ
ϰ˵ȷʵϰԣǼ˵ĸĸ̫ܵϣβ֤һԼ˭֪ȴ˷籩

954 ƴˬ

954  ƴˬ
̾һĸĩÿһ˶˸ݡ
ǳӵܣ˭֪;˷籩Żص롣
ϰֻЦţҲʲôû˵
ϵĺȻĵģڱĩ߸ܴ齫㣬ҲĵĺҵȤ
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λһЩǺϰףǺϹ˶Ҫȥ¥ӷ磬ʾƽΪĳλͣϰףǧܻ˹ء
ϰһ㿴ҿ㡣
ôôϰף
ǳһٷѣӦҲʲô۶ӡ
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ϵгѾü˾ޱȷˣһбɿ³̻ʣЩɣϾ֮ǰ˵һǾǲҪźеκһˡ
ţ˵ϿԿֱħޣޣޣħޣԼߵȵȣϣôһ˵ˣҪʼˡ
ϰһԼţϽԸȥƱŽĵǰ˾¥Զһ׮±С

955 ߸˱ˣ

955 ߸˱ˣ
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ӡ֮У˵Ǻƥħ޵˸ǿ֮⣬ǣǰһȫȫĵ߸һڿǵ֪
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ˣ˵ҰҲǸʤǰ
Ȼڶ׶εߣԸЩħ޵Ȼˡ

956 ¶

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ĩļ֮УκΪͣҲĽʵʵ
˵ʸӵԣĵʲôزҲֻԼ
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κȶһˮųǰųԷģЩ̡
ųʱ䷢ʲô飬Ϊʲô䵽ء
ų׷Ĵ˸öڽҩûЧܿڽֻظͣ
Ȼų˵ʲôΪҲѿųڸлǡ
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ų翴ǰǹǲˮǸһӦȫɫжôˡ
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ܼ֮򵥣ǰ֮ľһЩرˣֻҪʹĿĵأͻԶһ֮ء
ҪСģ;·ϻɽ
Ҳų˵һ֮Ҹ飬˵һ̺үү
ô˵һǱҪȥ
ţһȥҲҪʶʶǸνĺ߾ʲôˡ
ųңΪ˾˼άܣܽƵ˵ĵزȤȥһʲôĴڡ
ųϵĶѾ߰˰ˣĵҲ뿪ջ˸һǰһ֮ء
һа˸߳ջûãһ˫ִӺڰץסק˺ͬС

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ںͷϵñӵʱ򣬽ĿĲǱˣҸĴ峤
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958 Ҹû

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峤ǾŸˣ㲻ô䱸ųҲȺӢԱǿǵĵѡ
ģ⻰ô˵ģʲôǿǵѡ
ųһ۽ģΪЩ˾ȿԼжô˲ˣȷֵųɾŵĹͶȵģЩôȥ
ˣ峤ӦкҪ顣
峤е飬ʮҪҪ˵Ҳһǰ
ӣ峤Ӧ֪ڿջУҪȻأǵĳ֡
һ仰Ҳ
峤ǻ뿪Ҹ˭ܰ
峤ΪȻ̰壬ò˵Ҹ֮ԻڣȫǴ峤Ĺ͡
峤Ҹʲô
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¹֮£ɢ»һâĺ֮ʱһ£ָܿԭе顣
λɼΣȻںħ޵ĳѨҵ˺飬ҲãŵһȻϸ񡣡
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ģ㵽׺ͺ˵ɶˣôôô
³һ֪콪ĺͺ˵ЩʲôٲãôƷҲһ˵ǸҲûʲô˵ģһŮ˷ַֺϺϣմħ½ΪĹ°
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ķ³̴ɰʵ׵ɾʵҲ֪ףĲ˵ĻһԼԭ
ʱˣȻὫһԭԭĸǡ
Ҫͨе֮ǰ죡
˴߸ĵ׵ĳ֮һθֳ
󳯾ɲȺ֣ǵ֮һҪȺ˶ԴҸүүǡ
͵ıӡţ֮ĻʵԣⱦĶ֮ѹħģʱѾˣҲӦ塣
κΣⱦ̫աأви֡
ȺӢʮʱҲˣ񽻸Ⱥˣ֮ĻʵҲˡ
ǱﱻˣҲɽежȺӢԱϡ
˵ⶫǸɶ
ӡſװʲô³̸ԡ
֪ܸоóĶʥࡣ
˵ӡߣɽȴܸоӶһԼϵħһ㡣
վסɽҿԣҪ·ѱ
˵ŻʱǰŻ֡

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磬㿴椶òҪȥҲѹկˣɽկûɶÿǣ֮͸ϴӣǺӳһƯ
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ͺñų磬˶ģһҪȢκΪӣҪȻһӲȢ޲檣
˵Ϊ˷׷׾岻ѣΪʮżҵļ̳ˣȻֶܷģɼųİκȡ
ֻϧŮģκȶԴųĸоǵȻʱһССļ¶ʼձȲĩ߸ˡ
ԣǲǡ
˵ˣǴǰĻ˳Ӹʵ˼ȥףڣԴǰϰ˱ĩÿһ֮Ů鰮֮¶ѾԵˣʲôʱԵֵ˱ȻȻˮɣΪҪĻϰԼǿܱԼߵÿһˣŲǰֱ
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Դ뿪֮󣬾ͿʼװˣͻȻ任ŮװýЩϰߡ
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κȽ˲ڴϣһŵĵƹҡҷţټɫǰ·ǵ˶·ϣһķ羰ߣ˵Ļͷ·ٷ֮١
ҵ죬侹Ȼ˶ǲΣǴ·ӣ
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ҲݣĴŮװûëɣүǴŮװԣŮģ
Ȼ֪Ůӣ˶ԴĵӡҲĹۣǿŮװĽ֮ʱ˻һʱ޷ܡ

Χ͵ȷȷʵʵǱĩĻκȺŮװĽ֮ʱ³̺ĸ˵ɫ˲һߡ
֪ʲôݣǲˬ
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ˣ˵ǣĻ˶࣬Ǵһץô죡
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ֱ飬Ͻ·ûҪϵ£ԺǻôŨױƨƵģ
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³һٶ˵εҡҡͷ
˺ˣˣȥϰɡ
ˣ㣬㿴㴩ӣЩ˵۾ˣǲǲԼݱˣ
˵ģ³̵Ļˣֻðϵ³ѵ껰ϴԼôͿˣŵõ˿ˡ
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962  ȺŹ
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Ȼͬ壬վǰ˰ֶӦ൱ѳԣ˵˵Ա飬㵹ǿԡ

963 һƻ

963 һƻ
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964 ³̱

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ȻкܴĹϵĲ֪ǰɳĮʱںһͷޡս˫һϢؼʱ̣˳־ţ䡣
ֻϧ̫ˣѾ죬ΪԵĹϵŽȫɹ˶ˣն٣ͿԼ컯ˡ
ȵһ˫۵ʱѾ̤ʵľء
ɳĮеĻڴ⹷壬˵һŶѾˣ˰ɡ
ĽʣΪƾĽ׵ʾϷĶô
һΪǿɽȣֳʵʱǹѹǵصϮ
۷ʣҲһһ磬˵ȿֲʵ߹½޷Ѱҵˣʱ˿̣۷ʵΪ߾ͳǰ
Ľʶ۷ߣ֮Ŀɲ֪ȼô򵥣صĲ
ϣ۷ʾ˲ˣҾͲ˶ڻŪͷӣ
³̣ԣҲ׷չֳԼʵǿʵ
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˵䣬һԾеа罣׽׷׳߼һԵڲĩʵʱҲųǰ
ʣЩʵǿ߷ڴ·ϾţƵĴڣ˵ˣȥʹסʮصĶû˸˵ʲô
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ʹұĩˣһټ֮ɱҸǣ˫ﲢҲûбҪڴȥˡ
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İһۣ⣬Ż۷ʵսǽֱȻһȻڱĺ޻֮³Ҳࡣ
ӲƴȡӴڵĿľˡ
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ӣֻҪһ죬޷Ϸġ
һվɽȱԵΪǴ롣
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ˣӲǱĩ磬ˣһһǴҸĴ񣡡
һĨЦ⣬Ũҿ֮еɱˡ
վɽȱԵĽ˫ֽӡֻʱܲܵ׵Х
գ֮䣬ڸɽȣһ׵Ҳ֮
׵ܼ˴δģ̶ֲҲ˴δġ
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Ȼ˵ֻҪһ˱Բٿ䣬ǲСģУҲֻнпķݶˡ
һ׵һһݺݵػ˵ϣһ˲䣬֮鲼ɽȡ

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Ȼǿģǿ˿־壬Ҳ𿴽ֻҪһ˾Ϳʩ䣬ɴȴǼӴġ
ķһ˵ĻЩӦΪǿʩչԼΣ֮Уڹؼʱ̣ӡһסֹסһУҽĻ˹ȥûзĺ
ʩ䣬ķ˽ȫڵʮһСӶܽɱ
峤֮һҲ߽֮ⲻ
ɵǣʧһ̣ʮ¶Աȫ졣
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ȺӢд˲ȺӢӵбκĻκӺ⡣
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İɣܳѾϰˣһʱѹ
οذ죬Ҹذ첻õĴ飬ҪҵҩݻѾȫˣȵ֮һ壬ҽδĲ顣
ãҪʲôȥãؼҿǧܵ˿ˡ
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棬κȸĵҩݣԺ³ĸĵĴ齫
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һߣκȺӪҩݣרڽĻԵʱҪҩ
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УλҩԣӪҺлһЩųã˵ЧĽڻԣܵˣԻǻһҩΪá
ҽϣκȲͽģҩϣκȿǼ̳ҩ洫ٹһЩܹԶԶĳҩ
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Ҳ׼ĵڶƻʱ䣬ɽв󷨣󷨱㽫С
ң֮طô飬ʮ岻޶ʲô֪
ֻҪסֻҪʮ˳ֱɡ
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䰡͸ɵʱõһ󷨣κǿȻ͸һ£˭֪ôֲ
ЩεЦЦ
˵ʵҲû뵽İ֮ôǿǿЩƲסɡ
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飬ĻǹһڵĽ֡
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İɣ֮еѾȫʮˣи©֮Ҳ˲ʲôˣؼ峤Ѿɸ봫ڣŸ

967 ˮ֮ӿȪ౨

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֮飬ѾĲˡ
Ȼ˵ͻȻֶȺӢ˲СʧҲòٵ֮أ˵ǳ׵׵Ĳ壬Ҳʮһֱŵ
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ˣǾͲҪȥˣʣµþͽʮɣϾǻһȺŮ
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ǣǿǳľأΪʮżҹѵҪʾʾһô
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ЦţЦеĵȻƺ˿κͱ˵ƣ֮ʾκó֤ҪȻͱ˵ǶɱκӺ
ӵɱκӺĻȫȥٸǰʱɹⰸӣ¼Ȼḡˮ档
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ȣ£һĸʲôõ飬żҵһӦΪżδˣһӲɣ
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ȻκҪκȵ鷳ĩļҲӦ
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Ľ⿪˺ϵķӡӵķӡԪ磬̹ν⿪Ԫķӡó
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СүСĿҵˣүҪ飬Сȥ¶ɡ
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ĩųźеС˺УԶԶأͿүȺں⡣
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дһĻ˵ĵø߸ߵġ
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ԣŻúеСȥҽĵ˸ϽҪȻⲻζʹۿˡ
ϰ壬ǡ
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УһĻϵķӿ߲һӦȫ
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Щ⣬֮˵ĶҲǽ֮غү֪һ

969 Ļ

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ǵȻˣǺϢ£ĳɱ峤ȡȨҪȻЩ¶ô
ү˵Ź飬Ҹ߽ĵˣ峤Ѿڲ¶ˣ峤ǲģһºڷ֮ҹ峤ˣһ˿ʼϴʮļƻ
û뵽ƻҲǽ͵Ŀˡ
Ŷԭ
ĵһˣǾ˵ô
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лүѣ˵Ļǻ治ע⵽档
Ǵʦһ·޴ʦȻ֮˼Ԫʵĵز
˵ֽٶһֻͬʱҲЩӦ
ý˵Ͱһʵĵزʩ֮󣬲˲ԣдɡ
ȺӢ֮󣬼˻Ҫ»صúõԲǡ
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ģҵЩҩҵһЩЩҩ̫ңûл˵
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ĵҪģȻ֪ЩҩؼҵĴӣЩ鲻Ӧʵġ
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ЩҪ˵׵úá
Ȼ˶Ѿ̤ʵĵزȫԵܶˣκʹ֮Ҳⲻ˽ս
ǰᣬǱȣΣȵİȫſԶ֡
ԣ˵ǣκȻǵĶ֣վκκĹȣܵ²ܹƿصġ
Ҳ˵ȥκǵʱҪС£ܿԣĪҪ嶯¶ߺӰ졣
֪֪ˣȵʱȥκҾ͵ľͷˣָҴͺˣӿ԰ɣ
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ʲôԼɵҰĢԼƵ⣬С㣬֮ʲôóԶͳͳ͵˿ջС
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˺öŮ죬ŵҹŮںȣ˺ЩСġ
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ֱӻظ³һӣ㽫ӷԼĽ£һ³̾ʮҲҴӻֻ֮ʵĳԼǰɽѡ
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ֱκȣԾôɤŵشκʳ⣬ֳĲҲ֤ӵ飬Լһһ䲢δ˵ѡ
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˷ˣΪκĻ壬ȻעⰲΣУӽȥְ̫ܳҽ˴͡
κһ仰̫ܳסˡ
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ܴ˰κĻʵۣκĻʺ֮⣬κȻκĹûκȨ̫ܳصְⲻϺء
ףܴ˵˵˵ʲôʲôǲףɣһȫķӣ㿴Ρ
һĨЦ⸡κȵĴ֮ϣʱֻκȻߵܴߣصܴ˵Ķͷֻôһӣܴ˵彩ֱסˣûȼϢʱͨһ˵ʹ֡
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κܴҩҩܴǰֵʹĥȻһһȥ
κΣܴ˳ܲסҩʹ࣬һӵʱ䣬һˡ
ˣܴʱܳǾͽҹ
ͨһ̫˹ڵϣκߵףڵͷһ˲䣬мʹ־Ǿη
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ȻǸֱƢɱϾǻ켣ڹٳ浱Ȼκ⻰ʲô˼
˵ˣһ̫ܳأֻϧһʱҲʵɣټ̫ܳغͻʺһǣǲ׶֮
ôǿ׵СѾ۸Ľɫˣ̧֮ȡһ˵ɼʱڵΪ˵˵ѣɲ벽̫ܳصĺ󳾡
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֪ôģĵǾò̫Ͼǲκ˫մȾѪǿԵĻϣκȻǸϾŮ
ֻϧʵվʵʵһиǣκȻǱĩĳԱ֮һͬʱҲκĻҵĹٲԺڰѪȵĹ
ĻУǸ˶᳤ģҪֻһ㣬ȵİȫ
̫ܳصˣ˻κȵǰκǣ̫ص˻ͣһ·Ͽ˵ǳͨ裬·Ϸ˵⣬ҲýĵԶֽ
ڣκĿĵصģκǣκ
ҸǴκκ˳߹߹ʮаУŮκ
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۾гһΣյζ³̣³̻Ȼ

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983   صʹ
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³̲δоеɱԾϲ˵Ź߹ʮа飬˵ǽһ鲢ïͲԳʮǰˡ
һ˼³̱һİȫ룬֮ᷢʲôȻ֪
ȻһϤص˶ߣһƴ³̵ԴϣһȻ˵ĵѾϰˣǵʱԴҲԾɼ֮С
Ҳ˵ˣҲǻ³Ųỹ֣Ҳ˵ʲôҪԶֵĻ³;Ӻͼһˡ
ѽѽҴˣҴ˻ô
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һƴ³̵ϣ³һţвϵ˵ҴҴ˵ĵĻ֪Լˡ
˵߹Ǵаôֲʲôٶ˵Ļ⡣
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ʱԶһ˱ĩ˵ߡ
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ΪԻıĩôŹʳ˵סˣֻ߸ת˲ʧǰһ룬С̯λϣÿǰڷСˡ
λСӼλС㣬ܳԵôô
ϲǼеĲ˶һһݣԣһݣ
³ָʾÿһС˶ݡ
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Ϊ߸˻Ҫչ˺߸˵ĿζҪʱʱĿµĲȣ˴ǰΪһΪ˱ȵİȫôҲѧһѧκʮ˵ա
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ĵ˸κڻʹƣò˵κĻʹǽһƯһһһľ˾ĵĵṬеİ衣
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κȲص˴ϣڴΪҴ˱ӡ
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һĨЦ⣬ܰҲŵǣκҩĵӣڽӴһ˲䣬ȻĲжôأɻǿЦݣԼЦ
ҿˣ澭εء
СʱһκǣŽḧκȵĶͷдȰЦݾĸһů
ѹĽãһ빬ΪΪò³谮֣ϲ徲Ӳ裬κȵڹȺ֮ǰκиԴˣ㽫κ缺һֱ丧
κȾԼĺӣһʱ䲻ܲǣҵԼĺӡ
Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ȴŴǰй⣬øһˡ
ʵȪ֪֪κܳɽͤͤŮ磬Ҳοġ
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óҩˣ
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ȣʲô𣿡
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վߣȻҲŵҩζ
ЩҩȻǴ󲹵ҩݣҩݼһԶҩҿѾ˽һʱˡ
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ڴߵκĺ󱳣Ϊ˳
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984 ȥ
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Դκǰʱ䣬ڴ̽κȵϢ֪úòãûгԱûаĵ˯û˵ȵȵȵȣ
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ѧϰĶɶأ￴ҵֱۣǲǱǰ˺ܶࡣ
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Ѿĸ׳ʲôˣڣֻĸȴδĸʲôġ
̸һ³̵ߣ³ش˻ļ򣬸ůͰο
ӣҼȥҲ޺ˣ
ĵЦţ˵һˣҲˡ
ǵãʱСȽиԼһҪúõչȣֻҪƽһжˡ
񿴵ϰһ߳ı죬ֽύôѣΪȸеˡ
µҲӦøһЩˡ
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ͨĺӣһӡַӡҪ֮˵ѪҺܿҲġ
ĸĶĸ֮ǰ˵ֻ㻹Ա֮󣬲ſԽӿ
Ҳʱˣ֪ԼѾȥˡ
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ʱκʵĴսɨƽģڹʱһŮӣŮӺʧȥ˼䣬κʵ۱㽫ŮӴ˻ʹϡ
ŮüΪκʵҲʰȻȻߵһΪ˸ŮһݣõʱةŮʹ֮Уʵة֮Ů
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κЩ̫仰ʲô˼һصĲ壬ʲôĲ壬Щ鶼ʲôϵ
Īżе鶼ϵģаűǡ
Ծûнκȵ⣬˵ʹ֮顣
еĺһ¶һˣʺȻʹ˸ıֶݺҽݹ֮ڡ
ԭǱز尵Ůÿһ˶ӵǿܹռδܲٿ˵
ǰһأŮԲԺ˳ף˵ºӣ߰˱Ż
Ϣɢ˻ʹҪɱСκȡ
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飬ΪزĻɰ֮ǰռκˣΪκŮۡ
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Ա´ܴΪ˱㣬ɲڼ㣬Į쳣վѭռķչκдңˣ²Ż˽͵ڡ
֮ȫ֪κȣ˵κʵ۵⡣
ΪɷΪףκʵʧܵģҪػңԷ顣
ҲΪŮİȫκʵ۽κ͵ڡ
κǰȫġ
ЩӲģκһʱԽܡ
СʱҪȥһ棬ȴǱľܾ⣬ѩ׷ɵг鷿Ҳ󵽸һ䰲ο
ԭĵĺԹѾУһȴǽĺȫƷ
ָоͺͻȻӴʧˮˮвϵ䣬ץһݣֻĿԼԽԽڰɡ
ĸǰµģֻѪܴ򿪡
ǸͨĺӣκеʱںĶӦʲôһ㣬ϵš
˵ܶ࣬κһӸܲôϢ
κЩ͵񣬽ǰļ
ȣվǷˣҪıȥԡ
˵κˣ˵ЩµʱҲһһ㶵ģ֪ʹˮĺܣû뵽Ȼô
壬Һ˵壬ͬͬԴҺ屻ʱҲһͬ
˵ڻصʱүү˵һЩ飬尵ȵȲ֮սԼ֡
߹ʮһͬ߹Ŵ֮һʮ岻ͬǣŴڵʱΪƾãŴһκ֮С
ΪҪǣԾŴĺᣬÿ嶼Լǿ߹ҲԸǾŴ壬֮以Ԥ
û뵽κȵĸ׾ȻǰŮ
֪
һĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϣκ̧ͷһ۽ģ³һ
ҪһЩʱϢ
ģ鷳Ǹһ£ȥ͸͸
ȥɣû㡣
֪κҪһԼ飬Ͼһʱ佫ǰ֪ƷЩԽܡ
ڱĩཪģλؼ
ҽܣΪ
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ϵʱ֪ͨŷЩóԵдĵˡ
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ӵҩĺܣ˯ʵѣ˯Ҳǽüͷء
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㣬ԺһΰҩһҪϸϸİҩҪвˡ
ӷģū
úܣһӾ׽Ļָʲô˼
ŴȥӰתһҡҡͷ
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985  Թ
ĲѾˣκҩĵӣӦڽӴĵʱӦ֪ˡ
ҹɫԽŨңĵ˸κȵ󣬳鷿ȥ
һ·һֱǰţСʱĵı·ǣȥҸʣǻŸʻԼеĸŮһױŮŹ¡
󸸻ܽ¸ֻ󸸻ܿԼһۡ
ǣһΣΣΣÿһζ֮⣬һĺĻۣһԹвϵľۼš
׵׵Ķʵͷǰʶĵˣһӣֻһľż
վ鷿⣬κ̧ͷԼӲԽһ蹵Ԩһǰ
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ڲ֪˵Щ֮ʱҲǶκĻʵûʲôգŮıǩѾӡκʵ۵ϡ
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ԣʵÿһʱκʵ۱͵͵ǰֹȥһκȡ
κʵκ̧ͷκȣ֣ʾκǰԼߡ
κȳƬ̣ǰκӵࡣ
κȴӲģҲӲȥģȴʵʵķԼϡ
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ʣʱ޶ˣ̫ҽԺȺ˾Ȼҩ¶֪ô
κκӣ̫ҽԺ˰ֽţ¶Ϊκʵ۵ĸʲ֪ܲ
ԸҩΪľǱƽ
κһ仰κסˡ
ʵ˼˵֪ҩ⣿
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Ȼ֪ҩбֽţҲȻ֪еϵ
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ԼģƽĻء
κ仰˵ЩȻκȶйĮʵ
ĽѾΪ˶ӣΨһķӱսѣຣ֮ȥ޳ڡ
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Ȼᣬһ壬ϵĶֱַͻʺѾˣֻʣ»ʺˡ
ӣҲŻʺһɰŪκȨһµ
ΪκĻʵۣǲῴκС
ȣһҪ˵
֪ﶼ˵ˣģȻһŮˣеϰκһĳ͢ԾκĻʵۡ
κ֪κҪ˵ʲôκӿڵʱ򣬽仰ϡ
ʣŮҪȥһ̫ҽԺʲôĻܹŮС
˵ţκȽһöҷκǰ
ŮƵĵҩȻȲʲô鵤ҩɱ彡
ĵ˿κȽװŵҩĽҷϵʱһһԭ˵ı顣
ҩؼҵǶʱƳģ˺ܶĲҩؼҳǮҲۣټųֺã֮ҩеÿһֲҩǼġ
ңóҩڵҩⷽϵνǱΪƵҩΪһ׼һݸκĻʵۡ
ȣˣ
κӻҪ˵ʲôŮᶨεЦš
ǰŮѾǴǰСѾͷˣȻˣҪܰһе鶼á
ȥɣյʱ⸸ϳ
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£κ뿪鷿ĵ˳κӱȭ֮κ̫ҽԺ
Ѿǰҹˣ̫ҽԺҽǶѾ˯ˣΪͱµĲ飬̫ҽǶ̫ҽԺ
һκһ߿̫ҽԺĴţɰ˯е̫ҽŵĻ亹
ʲôˣҹ̫ҽԺҰ
Ϊ׵̫ҽŵŹǷ˳漴̫ҽԺҽҲ׷׳֡
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986 

986 
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ǰĻ۶ῴôĹ񣬹˹ʱһЩʹκŮκŮ۵Ĵ˵
ټ֮űĴ㽫λˣô͹ǰڡ
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κû˼ȺˢĻֱʳĲҩ˭˭ġ
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Ͼǧ꣬ҲֻĵһЩˣŻһЩ©֮׼Щʲô顣
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󳯾ɲԱĩදֵĻڵѾƿ߹ĺģƫƫȺ˲֪ôɱĩˣǣС
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۷׷׵Ļһһ˵ĶߣϣκڳǷΪɱһǻʵһɣһǻʺһɣһɡ
߶մʵȺڵȴźʱĻվӣκ̳˻λôȺɱûκʵѹס˻ʺ˳ȨôǱǻʵһɣ£ôȺ˱ӵүʵۡ
ЩԱôģһĲô
³ų۵飬Դۣһһôȥô
㶮ʲôǹٳ֮Ⱥÿأ볯ΪٵĻԼôĶ֪
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987 һ

987 һ
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κҲһ㶣вĿµκӡ
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֮ϣ֮ûпڷԭ֮һҲΪʵ壬һʵѾжɣټһЩķǣʱ޶ˣҩȻӻ֢վα겻α

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Է԰ɣ
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үΪӭԣ˲ٵ׼
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κɼһӲҪԵУЩΣϾ˻ûʽϣ⺢ǲϲô죿
Ų˵ĿͣڰУǰҲǣҲǣ쳣Ρ
ʱĶԼ룬һĨлЦݣκɿӼŵĲȻȻԵС
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ĵҲóκڴϣֳֻΪ˸ûоľٶĺЦ
үǺ˵һ˵ڵɡ
ãȻҪȾƳԲˣǱ߳Ա˵
˵ʱ䷢飬˵Ǳĩ෢ϲŭֵ飬κǸԣǰֳһƬƬ棬ԵĻ档
κѰ˵Ĺ»ǻϲǰŭ⣬ڵ֪˵ʱΪ׵ĵǱţԽΪ֮ҪҫϲҲȾˡ
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ȻȻԼ˵ɣȥʳ
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԰뿴үκɣԽӣԸκգǲͽκôȵĵô
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993 еȱ
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һĻҲˣʧٵĴ˿ڣټʬϵĺǹļӲƤԼٿʬˣһеļҪЩʬƳʬأγһǧʬıյڡ
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ˣǻʱЩʬҲְ취Ž𣡡
Ŵĸ˶սʬʱĳǽЩʬͷ­֮ʬȫû˶ҪȻǿֱۣҲ޷ֹʬǵľٶ
һ޷˼ʬģҪһеİ취
ʬȫ¶ʯΨͷ­ĲӲ㣬ʬǿ󣬵ȵսʬʱǲרŶʬĲ֡
ԣһҪһӡ
֮¬ˣ˵
үĻЩʬǻʺͽʳǵġ
Ȼͻʺйϵ
³̽˫ȭӢš
ģǽѻʺɱ˰ɣ
³Ȼ˵嶯ɼûˣҪǻΪͣ絽˶֣֮ⲻǻκˡ
ʺͽʬֻһС֣˻ʺ˵ͼҲ֪ԱҪЩʲô
˵⣬Ĳòعпһжү
԰ټƵʬǧʬ󣬴ʬصٵκĹˡ
˵ϻʺʧٵ˵ʬ岼óǧʬ󷨣Ҫκ֮תΪаʬأκĹˣ
үʼղôʧԭΪΡ
ڽĵĽ֮£ʧٵѾʬұ˵عƳʬصĶʬ
ĻһԼļ֮У˵飬ʱνΣ֮ʡ
׵֮£ɵһѺ
үʬصҽǣʹ鷳ˡ
ˣлˡ
κɺлһˣǰڣص齪ĵԼϣκɺǸм
үˣԵĸףκҲȵĹңڱĩֿѣֿѳ¶ˣԹ۵Ļ˵ȥ
ǣǱĩȻëһѣ塣
³̵һ仰롣
κȻǸмĵˣ֪ҪԵʮΣգǴûнӴΣա
ɼˣĽ˻ѡκһС
ٶ˵ʲôлл֮ĻжףֻΪ˴˶Ǳĩˡ
ص˿ջѾϵ飬֮ǰүԺöණ޲ðļҵ׶ͳ
үɶˣ֮󲻶Եô
žһ³˵껰֮󣬻Ϥһ³̵Դϡ
˵ˣ˵ͱ˵øͶôˣʲô
ѽҲǸ˼ҵ˼ԲϲЩڵĶ˵ˣүԸϣҲòôǮ𡣡
³æԼղһ⣬ɺԽԽڡ
Ϊ˱³˵ʲôõĻиǻص˿ջ
ջϰƽµĹŵһŷϾ̫ǧһҪúõչ⼸λڣһܵˣлйУȻҪСϡ
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˵ʬǵڲӣֻҪͷ­ЩʬƨˣʬӴ󣬶Ѱı˲˰֣
˫Ժлʬźʬսʱĳ
ǣʬô࣬ܲһһĿͷ­ɡ
һ뷨֪вУ
κҧŴǣųü˻˵Լеİ취
ĽղҲ˵ˣЩʬͬѰʬ壬ӴҲһɱһ˷ʱһɲҪ
κ˵ЩʬʯնɱһҪķЩʱ䣬οʬһҧ޹İգ˱ڶݵ˲죬ԴƵĻǰʬɱ⣬µʬͻƬƬӿ
ʬĻӦҲа֮Ķɻǵڲԭϵֻɻħ
κһ仰˽ġ
԰ôû뵽һ㡣
ʬѾ˵УǧʬƳΪаϳаħ֮˵ͿöԸɻħķԸʬ
ħ󷨣
ԣĽķħ󷨣ʬ֮࣬лħ󷨵ֻĽ㣬ҵ뷨ôҶѧħ󷨣Ӧκʬǡ
κ˵仰֮ǰҲй˼ɵģ󷨵඼شԣ
û¶֪ȵ˼ħ󷨲ʲôطԪʱùܶηħ󷨺䡣
֪κڵʲôûʲôϵ
󷨱ǷӡаǽռΪУǸɴ಻Ϊá
һұὫħ󷨽ǣһҪסħ̺֮Ÿ汾䣬һʩзҲԼڷ֮ڡ

997 㵽˭

997 㵽˭
Ҫ֪˹ڷħ󷨵һЩס
ħ󷨹Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳкܴı׶ˣȻĸ֮Ծˡ
׵˵Ǹ֮ǰķħ󷨻Ǹ֮ķħ󷨶ûĲ
Щ˵ϰ汾ķħ󷨹Ȼǿȴһ˿Բٿصģ֮ķħȻԹʹãеҲ̫ܳܵ˵ġ
һڲԭʱ򣬽ʩзħ󷨵ʱе޲Ĺе³̵˵ΪĿ׷ͻҷˡ
ʵҲ̫
³̶ڱ黹ʮֺ£ʱȫ¿òŻָȻû˵ʹĲڶˡ
񣬲ҪҪʩħ󷨣³Щִ
ܲܲѧ
˵ء
Լİƴ³̵ԴϣڻǿƵ£³Ҳòѧϰħ󷨡
ʵħ󷨺ܼ򵥣ֻҪڵΪ߶󷨣ķΧʩչ󷨡
˵򵥣ȴ൱ѡ
ǼΪҲڳʱ֮ǿĽӡɹ
󷨡治ѧģ
̱ڵϵŴȫ亹ֱղŽӡɹһ˲䣬оΧ׵粻ţǼʱɿ˫ֳȥ˷󣬹ƿջͻᱻУ׵ˡ
ıԹЦš
Ȼˣ˺ѧҲһٸˡ
Ҫӳħ󷨱ǿЧãֻǿ߷ſԣͺñһߣֱ׳ʩеķħ󷨸ǿ
ĸ֮£ʩչħҪΪ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˰޲𹥻ĸá
˵Ļ֮ķħʺٿء
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κһ٣еκӣȽ˵ʲô˳ſջĴӳŻʹڵķֱȥ
³̣ȥʹȥ¬ң
ʾҪȥķһȥѰʬߵķǰС
ȻʬĶ󣬶˿һϮºñȫںɫеɽ
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Ѿ뿪Ȼ㲻Ҫֹң㽫һ𡣡
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ôұһģʤҽκΪƽأһ֮ǡ
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վϵĽ˫ֶż򣬷Ѳŷɢκصʬ
˵һʬ̫Ӵ󣬶ҰһմȾʬܿıȾ
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ָɽԶĽֽǣһĺͯڵãȻĿһеķʱһʬźͯſѪ׼˺ҧ޹ĺӡ
ǧһ֮䣬һԾںͯߣаռȥʬͷ­ѾƳΪʬѾûκѪҺ
аվͷ­ڵϣ촦ʬǵķһ㣬̼ɢΪһ̲࣬ɢζ
а쵱õаȻС
Ȼɽ֪еаȴЩĲ⣬˴ĸȥĹȥ޻أЩҲһֱ׷а䣬û뵽ȻҵѰ
ôҵĶȻУѵΪ󳯾ɲܴҵжаô
Цţг֮Ũңеа׼ɽҰѺͯ
˶ҵ飬飬һӱķ
ǺǣһССҶѣȻаУҽκ֮ͬҲһˣҲýа罣׽ȥ
ԣɽ֪Ǳĩ˵ĵϸ˽֮⣬ɽҲֻȷϽǸˣǸǵģҲΪˣŴ˽һ˭֪ŮƫƫҪԼԡ
ɽĿڽĵϣһ˫˫֮еĿ־ʥ⣬Ǻ潪ĵݡ
ұɱ㣬ʱȥһǵĻصǸ硣
ǻҪл㣬ԼģʱȻȥòģҲû㣬ɱ˭ԣǱĩˣһͷ˿ܶ
гɫĹâһϵħ˲ҲҲɲǼʧɽеĸܵĿ־֮
ҵǺ棬㾿ʲôˣħ
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˭㲻⣬㣬ҲµûϵħǴڤ˭˱ĵħѲ½
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½ֻǴ׵Ĺģǲϲ֣Ҳֻȥ塣
֪½ݣԼ֮ǰ½׵׷ߣ׻Ů۵ʱңֻ½Ұ̫󣬷սȵĵΪ˱׶֮ǰŮ۵ҲԾԪ˾ݴ½ֻС
Ȼ½͸үүÿһÿһף׺͵˵İۣ½ҪٻϹħҲڤҹǹջûܳɹ
ҲһթһɽѣɼɽĴ˵ȾٶӦɶˡ
㵽ʲôˡ
ɽϸӣɢΣյζ
˵ˣʲôòģҵʹڤħ׺ܽ½ϻزҷӡڤ֮ڣҲκҰ˺ĩκһˡ
ڴʱʹͻȻ䱬֮ԭոܲ׵硣
ꡭꡭ꣡
ħ֮У׵һһڴʹһȺʬϡ
׵ʬȻҷ𣬵ʮǿ³ܼһӵʱѾԽļޡ
˺󣬻
ģԼһ˳ͷô

998 ʬ

998 ʬ
³̲ûˣȻҲῴ³һ˳ܷħе䡣
Ȼܹʩ󷨵ǿ󣬵㹻ֹЩʬͬʱҲҪܷħ֮ĸЧ
ۿ³ϵ·Ѿ˻ƤҲֳ˽֮ɫټȥĻ
һ˷ħ֮УǿΪ֧˷ħ󷨡
ٸҶ˵һ仰ﵱ
ֻ֧ŷħ󷨣׵ҲתƵ˻ϣѹ³ϵ׵˲ɢ
ʬһһĽ룬³̺ͻ˽Żʬ
κ赼ŻʹеһˣЩ˱ʬҧ֮󣬸Ⱦʬµʬ
ʣȴЩ뿪ͽǣ
ȣҪСģ
κӵѾ֧ŵ˼ޣȻκƵĵҩһ˵ޣκȵΪѾﵽʣҲΪ
ŽʧеһˣκȻ³һ
߰ɣǲ³̺ͻ˿ţ
³̻Ǻ̶̵ʩзħ󷨵ڼ䣬Ѿ׵ΣҲ˶ʵΪҪȻҷˡ
ǽʲôȥ
³̶˿еκȣŭŶ˵ĲѾ˷ħ֮С
Ǳĩˣ˵иͬͬ
˫ֽӡʩзħסһʹеʬ
Ҳ֪ʬж٣ǰһʬĸһµʬ׷ӿʹ֮С
³̣κĸһνųŷħ󷨵䣬ĸϵƤǱ׵紥ĽڣԶԶһֲˡ
ȥ
ڣڸʬӿʹ׵ӷħнµʱ򣬽ļʱڻʹ֮С
ԣչһĸ
ĺʹʱɿԺүټ¬ˣҲ׼ǰʹ
˻ʹ֮У˲ŷԶеĻҪأЩʬнڵ¹пʬһЩǻʹеĴǡ
˿ľʬûзˡ
ħǶɽķ󣡡
վڳǽϣȫɫӰɽ˫һ˫ߴӵݵĿŽģԽ
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κɵһ仰ɽЦЦ֮гŷŭԼʮֲˬĳЦ
ҵãֻǾúڣΪʲôһ֮ûͷųߣȺ˽Ⱥĵز
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κȫɱǲͲᱻ˱֮ҲᷢͺĹԼҪ
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Ϥ¬Цš
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ңͬ磬Ƕڤ໥ͨ
ĻǾˣ
㲻ɽ
ĵĻɽתͷǺñ֮е˫۱Ѫ֮ɫ
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ңСʱ㣬ûмǴĻʱҴ˷ûйԪ󾳡
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űŮǰ˵㲻Լܹô
ϣȻں½飬ʵϣѰż䣬Ѱ׺˵ڷӡħ½顣
½ڤ˳ڵΪ״̬µ½ʮҲǶ֡
뵽ˣ
ǵ˵ʱ½Ԫʱ߶˷ҲΪˣԼ˳˯״̬
׵Ϊ˷ֹһһη㴴һ󷨣󷨿Խеаڤ֮УǰᣬҪ߸ʩ󷨡
룬ټĻʹ֮Ψ߸˲
¬үڵɽѾɽˣħ½ڤħռɽ壡
˵˵ţȥʲôĺ
֮Ψһӣ߸ʩչ󷨣½ͻڤ
ʩչڼ䣬Ϊ߸˵֧󷨴ľ޴ʹ࣬ԻʮֵĴʱʲôΣգֻܿ¬ү˳ˡ
ģ㱾ҲҪΪʱ䣡
һʬѾ߰˰ˣΣվǱռɽǾ֮еڤħ֮ǰưڽħ

999 ˮһս

999 ˮһս
ֻбˮһսˣ
³̣κȣԣ
һһż˵֡
ղ˵ĻҲӦˣɽѾħ½ɣ½ͻڤǣκ߹½Ϊ
һһʮ֣أҲ⼸ˣҪʩе󷨻кܴΣա
ʲôǱĩ߸ˣиͬͬߵһǼܽϱ̬ͻڤҲֵˣ
³̻վĸȫѾûܿļˣҧվ֮С
ԣ³⻰Ҫ˵ģ߸һ·Ŀİߵ񣬲Ҫһ𡣡
ô˵ܽύǣһ¡
ĿԣѾ˾
ʼ˶ǱĴڣڣˣһһ飬ٵ
˵ģ߸֪֪һ˵ˣû֮һ
ģ󷨰ɣ
ȻӱϸһŬסġ
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³һЦţʱ䣬ӡķ󽻸ˡ
߸վȺս˺УԽΪģ˫ֽӡʩ󷨡
ûиʱ˽󷨴ǵĸЧҲûʱȥֿʹ
ʱһһƣ½ǰһ̻Ҫǿûʱˡ
һߣ¬үǿɽĶ֣ڼ֮£㱻ѪȫĽˡ
ڿɽ׼¬үֵʱһҵĹâκʹС
۵Ĺâ˿ʲôʱʩ󷨵ļҲΪܲסѹ֮׵׵Ļ˹ȥ
Ҳ͵³һѪ˫ϥڵϣǹâ֮½ϵħʧʶɢ֮©һĨĵЦݡ
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ֲסԵٻĳ׵׵Ļ˹ȥ
ⲻ֪ڽĻԵʱһŮ˲ߡ
ģôˣģ
ĽԵĽıڻУ˫ۣһ˫ͳɫӸ
½ҪﶼʶҾͲǷģ
ɽϵ½ڷĺͽİݳ֮ʱѾϻڤɽڷĵŭ֮±ҡ
ԹȥĽĵ˵ȻûпһĻ¬үĿɿڴĿǰһС
߸˻ȥ֮ըŹâгˣһޱǿҫۣȥ㲻ɷ˵ʹɽɽûл֮
⡭ʲôˣΪ˵ǿǿǾԼһƱ΢ϣСĸûпɱԡ
κʹ
Դӽ߸ʩ֮󣬱һֱš
ʱ棬κʹʲôö߸˵סͣҪǷ겻׼ţؼżҺͻҵĸ峤Ҫš
λ˽⣬ǼҪƽΪλ峤ǲҪŵĺãұ֤Ὣҽκãҵҽ
ǰһ¼ؼҸʲôүκĻʵ۵ȵȡ
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λ𣬵֮ħΪô
Ҽŷĵ飬Ҳڵ֪κ֮󣬲Զκⶼ¹ȥˣɼӻûѡ
ţҺ๫ħͻڤΪܷӡǧ꣬û뵽ɽ䴳ڤĸԸ½꣬ڼ֮Ϲħ֣ʹ÷ӡɶЩ½˳λģѾϻȥˡ
ҲΪ׷ӡɶʱ䣬磬ܵŮϢ֮
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ˣ˵ô໰˰ɣհӣɤӣ
һ˵ţİݾһ԰ӣİ˿ȫ뿪ι
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⼸ܺӣǽģС쵰ļ㣬Ҿ͸˵һν󷨵Ľ̳̣С쵰Ȼˣ
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ǿǽɵķ󣬶˵ûʲô̫ϰǼӵΪԶԿеĸأԼͽİݼʱִǼʩ󷨡
ǣ˵ûΪǷ˰Ů̫ˣΪĴ
ɶ˼ʲôҰŮ̫ˣඣ
ĸңΪȻַˣΪŷ˻ģһӡ
ͦİ
޶֮ճľٶʵĴһˣǻ˽īѩƺӶϰΪĻˡ
𣬼ӻҪòѹ
ҵүӵҵĶ磬ŷ˻жܹⶼ˰ˣȻϿûʲô󰭣ô˯ȥܹ岻á
İүӣȻԲѣҲøǾ仰ô˵ţ⸣С
Цţʾүӷġ
⼸Ȼ˷ľ޴˺ҽҽ֮£øˡ
һҪעһ£
˵飬ĵɫЩأһ˫ѪɫҲ˼֡
λӦö֪ˣϹħѾ뿪˷ӡ֮ػصڤУʱ䣬߹½ضܵش
ʵ˵ҲֱӵĹϵ
½֮ɱǧ˵ʮڽ綼ܵ˲ǿ׼֮£˯ϹħҲѡ
Ƕ˸ܵһǿƷӡϵʱ򣬱˽ֻһȷѪ귢
öҲ뵽£龹ȻԼŮܲɷֵĹϵ
ˣ֮ǰʦ˵һ仰йҵÿһ˶ܵġ
һһ˵ˣ˼Ҳᱻһס
Ǹ˳һеĴڣˣһ
Ž˵ԣһ˳Ĭ֮С
Ѿ޺ۿе֪飬Ҳ׼ӦżᷢһС
ҲõģҸղ˵ģ⸣У˭֪ᷢʲô顣
ʼ磬˽İݵߡ
ڵǲϹħ⣬ǱȽԼŮΪԤ֮ǣ
ϲķĵȻҲϣԼŮĪ˽š

1000 ף

1000  ף
ĩ߸Ѿ֮ˡ
ȫ¿һֵۣĻۣĸֵĻǾ
ģ˼ڷħ֮Ҳδܹǿҵʹ΢΢ĺһ۵ײǽ
ڴϲǣվǣ»ǣκƶᴥ۵ĵ
ģҩ
İΪĵĸףȻŮģڿŮܵȴΪʱ򣬸۲ѡ
ף
֮󲻾õĽı㿴ԼĵףһʼΪԼΣڿΡ
ƫƫʵʵ硣
֪װӼߵʱô˵أ֪ˣΪ㣬Ͳ㣡
ڴߣȻŽģʵȴǱκ˶ҪԼŮ
ڽʧʱ棬ĸû˯þŮⱻ˭ˣƭˣʲôġ
ڣǧһ֮ϵŮߣûŮˡ
ף֪ôҲ֤ҿ
ͣĿŷģתߺͽİġ
Ǳ˵Ļİݶ˵һԼϱһԼŮ˵
ѡվϱһߡ
˵öԣ֪뿪ҵʱ棬и紵ݶĻ׾ͻǲˣһ߰׵ĵúܣ
İ˵ڽҳʱĵľ״̬
Ҳ֪ǵ춹ģһκ˶ϵԼİΣǾ˵һ⿪ԼӡԶԶı׻һӡ
Ů֪ҳõ׵ˣŮڣûһĻŮҲʶѣӰȫ޵״̬ɳΪ۷ʡ
ĳԼԣ뿪ҵһٶ˲ҪţǣǾ仰ûо飬ͲʶĩÿһˣҲһ׺͵еɳΪΪĴڡ
Ž˵̬ȣ΢΢üһ˫ɫ¿Žġ
ʱĿʮֵ࣬ൽĶҴ
֮󣬷³һظŮĶͷ
ɵӣ֪ôģ˵һĻô뿪
ĲظˣŮˣȻҪȥһ
סɢڽͽץҡ
˵ίӣСֹţȴһϡ
ΪСˣһԵľˣ֪жൣôܹŮ˵һҾ
ǰһ̻ϸķһת̬ȣ޲óԽĽһϧֱûгֵҪȻĺú˵˵¶
˺˷ˣΪʱҲæˣϢϢ
İڰ˷ĵֿ֮ʼ˽ģ˵ŽֲӦá
ڴϵĽһ޿ɾҩı鿴Լĵʲô飬׳Ϲϵֺڰ׵վһߡ

ϰˡ
ǣ飬Ů֪ˣŮ´Ҳˡ
ڽİݽһ֮󣬽̬ȳϿҵĵǸ
ô᲻֪үˣʲôӡ
˰ˣ
վԼϵ⣬Ҳܴ
ףǼôˣκȣ³ĸ
˵յ龰ĸ˵Ϊأʩ󷨡
İɣ׳ֻ֣ҪһڣҶܰοǼСƨӣ˵ˣǼС˵ŶΪ͸˽䷨
˵㣬ĵŭ
ףǵĽֹ䷨ɹôɹ½ͻڤ
ûȽĸ˶ãһˮ
ǣΪ￴ǣ䷨ֻʩУѰʩ䷨Ļ³ж֪ҺֵļʱֹǼȥ
˵ŵһĻҸ߽ģǵ䷨ûʵгɹ
һΪ˵вΪͽİݴ˼˼ʩȥ
ҪҺļʱڶˣУǼСҲްˣӦˣ
ףȥô
֪ԼڵʮֲãǻǿŷԼȥˣҪȻ޷ġ
ȥɣʱ˳ӣӻͦóԡ
ף˰
ܱ˽ҳǿ
ɳɳɣһӣԼ
õ㣬Ұųԣѽ๫Ǻã๫
˶ôΪȥ
ҪǸҽһ첻ϡ
ǰλǽĺͷĸŮ˵ĶԴʣǷĺͽİݷ޶˵ĶԴʡ
ΪŮĽѾˣǵĶˮҪƽ
뿪˷䣬˫ּŹһһĳκȵ˷ȥ
ɣ³̣ҲŹӭ
㿴ҿ㣬ű˴˶ŹգϻűҲΪžʹӱжôĻˡ
Ȼ䣬һЦص֮䡣
ûȵñĩķϲǣȻ䵽ôҵĵزˣ
ϣ㣬ǼϢϢɣһҲˣ
߶κȵʱֻԶκҲ˫ӭ
˵Ĳ״ʱκЦ
ǰǱĩ໹ݣ˭ˬ˭һŹʹǻʵ̫̿ˡ
۲
ϻ˵أܲôȫ¶Ǳһʹۣ
ҲǣɳĮʱûô۹
ӭ⣬ĩ߸ʿڻ԰ĻϣһԵŮǽĶ߸ˣ¼κεʧ
ǾûУȻȫ۵úܣɸоڵ쳣ĳ档
³ôһ˵Ҳԭ޷ͻƵʧˣҲܸоڶﵽ۷ʵĵزֻһԽΪ߾Ϊߡ
ǣҽҽ£ǵȻƽˣˣһǻԵʱЩʲôŻǵ
ҲԼ۷ʵĽʲô׶Σڵ׵ĲԣϾڵ۵Ҫ
ɶˣΪɶô
³̺еĽ֣ʵͺڴһĵˡ

1001 ôô

1001  ôô
ĵ״ڼ˵ĻУһֱҪеװɣǺεĽɫ
ڵүүᵽ׵ʱ򣬶ޱࡣ
ԽˣԽǺ桢
ɶģǱһΪһЩ͵͵
Цţȴֿ˻Īˬ
ˣɶ¶ҵˣҵɶҲ˵
Ҳǣүүˣүүֱ˵Ѿȥƣ
˶ܺ棬˸Եĳǻ֮󶼷ô飬ʱôˣǶԼƵĲش
ôҲ˵һЩžʩ󷨵ʱûɹҵ׵Ž½ǸħͻڤȻǾһֱԣֱڣ
֪ҲֻǷĸģףĳ˵飬һйϵ
ϣҵıۣ
ܱܲ˵֣һ˵ȫ¾۵ģ
˾ҪŻתһʹغˣ³ĺĺ
˵ϾǱһȥȥͣѹţζжôˡ
һ⣬ģ׺͵ˣ᲻ץȥ
ͻȻĻһ˲
԰ôû뵽
ıҳߵģĸڿԼҳߵŮǰڱܣȻὫŮȥ
ô˵
ʵҲڵ⣬׺͵ִҪԼߵĻеĸּһ𶼲˵Ķ֡
ǣ⿪ӡڤҹ֮һҲ᲻ñĩЩѡ
ҪȻȥĵף
κ뵽ҲֻˣȻǸƷӣҲЧķӡ
ĵĵһͬҲ˵׼ء
ߣ˵ھȥĵס
ã
κȣ³̺˵Ȼľôƽ޹ʵ뿪һദôõʱ䣬˭Ҳ뿪˭
Ϊʵ뷨ԣҪһԣȥһĵϣʮã
һ˵մһһ˻ʹΪĹԶԶĿȥֻһ˺ƻеһ㣬ȫ͸˳ݾϢĸԸĸ׳Ƴš
סôô
డ
ʲô࣡
ͽгࡣĲ࣡
ǵĵʱҲŮκȺԵ˵֮ˣܻὫκκκֵܶԵ
һΪκĻʵۣһκүֵܶΪԼİ˺޲øһС
Ȼ˵´Ӳˣʱ仹ǻϿºܼġ
ǣǿĵĵʱȫȫƷԼеĻ档
ģȷ׺͵ͽô
Ȼ׺͵ˣôءֻ˵ǵΪһľ磬ʹղ䡣
Ҳֻֻ׺͵Ϊʲôôԭ
ļٵģҲ˵ǶΪһľ磬Ҳഺפˣ
Ƿ´½һжˡ
ϾŮӣһСھӪгŮҲԶʱ
ڳСʳķĿſڴһյŮæ֡
վűʲôκ¸ո͹ĸ㣬Ⱥأ
ס뿪ʱ㲻ǸճôôֳˣҲĹף׳Զθ۵ʱô
ЩǸԻҲǲ֪ɵÿÿס
˵ôСһ˶ôʹһµģ°
дŮĺѡ
Ȼ֪ЩӶʲôǼ֮꣬ܵõ
÷˴ǰʱ⣬۷ʲô飬๫īѩƺ˶š
ǶȻһȴ˻
ۣ׳Ư
³һ仰̲סѿڶ˵֮ŷּôʴˡ
ƽ˿Цǿԣڱ˵ĸǰջصɵΪá
һƴ³̵Դϣ˫ֱȭ񣬱ʾǸ⡣
ĸЦˣǼƽ濪Цϰˣ
޷ĵѣçײֲϲˣթʱ鷳λСˣӦĸ׵ĵлǡ
һ仰ǵý΢΢üͷһĿԼס
ףһĹŮôǰôôŸֲϲˣթçײ˭Ǻѧġ
ıʾԼЩëȫ׺͵ԭҲ˭ĹŮ
Ϻǣò绨ǮңǶǸĳͣô๫
ıʾԼŮҲС
ںȲĽİݱҪ̧ͷ˿ĺԼķˣŵķеĲ豭
˵֮УΪ׵Ľİһ˵ŮСĪҪŮһʶȵȵĻǰλ˿֮ʣʮصĻɽĺĲġ
ĳò޶˵ĻǾһģǼģƫƫĳú͵ʮơ
ģ㶼ˣ˵ʲôʲôĪҪǡĪҪΪѾѵġ
İԵһϯĲò¶ܵ
˲ŵı飬ʼ磬ָָĺԼ
ǷŮʿҵϱɢʱĴĺӡ
仰˵ģڿԽӦˡ
ڽѾϰˣСʱһСƢ
Ǹĸ塭
³̽ŷΪĸŽİΪ壬ƺ÷ЩЦ˳
ƺʵЩ֣ǲǺһ׽ԣǾΪѵĻԽҸɵ
ĵǺϲ⼸ӣΪ壬ʵĶˡ
֪ŮĪĸǸʲôе׵ĻܲôƢȫȫԼͽİݵĽ壬клԲ˵ɣֲϲˣСȱ
һ㣬Ů˺׼ύѵĻҲȻ֪ĵˡ
ߣǰӣʵϲβʱ;ЩӺԼԵ
Ÿʲôиɵ
Цţߴż˸Ͻϸɵ˵ɽ˼ֱϺˡ
³̼ɵ
ɵ
ɵ
κȼɵ
ɵ
Իǲ˵ϥصΪѾҪ˵Ļ
ԣȻСɵˣ๫ҲҪʾʾŶԣ˵Ĺȥô

1002 һ

1002 һ
˵䣬һӣ߸һģһĽָǰ
˿ϵĽָ֮ʱǽģһ˫ôģֱԼ۾
ףǴѪôⶫôģ
ǣҲ˭İ
ĺǵЦţҪĶûеõ
⻰˵ôôɣ
ȿȣ
ţˇNɪı飬˵Žָ
ָһʯΪɣָһʮҵż߸û뵽ó
ʯǼƷʯѵüһ档
ʱīɽˮ֮䣬ʯΪʯиҶʮöָ
Ҳ˵ôôʯֵʮöָ֪жôľ
ǽīģҪָֻⱾȥģ˭뵽ڶʮöָ֮ͱŮħͷ߸ֻʣöָòСı
ָȻûʲôǿĹȴžǿķү˵Ǽڶսʬʱʩչ˷ħ󣬲ұħеˡ
ʱ³̺ĸ˵壬ѾԼԼµ˼֡
ʩзħ󷨲ᱻ˵ԭΪԼİݵѪͳ޺ħ޵÷ħеԱԲŲṥġ
ʩзħ󷨵ʱ˼ʲô߶ʮһֱӿɡ
ΪǿĻܳסһʱ䣬ôСӵΪֵ̫ãԿ³ĸ˵ʱ򣬾ͺս˵Ŀûʲô
ҽҪȻĻСΪŮӣպô˰
ָʱʩзħ㲻ᱻе׵ˣңΪǿ󰡣ָЧҲԽǿպǻᷢеĺôԣָڱʱҲӳ˿ռ䣬Դźܶණǻħʥ޵ȵȣ
ĵһ仰ýһ£⻰˻Ұɽбڵ˪
ѽѽǺö
ϽŰʲôлǵĸɵˡ
ָ֪ǺöĽæϵĽַָÿһˣ˵ˣǴСǧ綼Ǹöȴгĵ̯һÿһ˵С
лɵ
лɵ
ڽǿӲ̬֮£׷״˽ָ˲䣬һֲĸоϮȫµÿһ䣬ңȫʹޱȾоʹ徹Ȼˣ˲䲻ˣ
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Ҳǣһʹĸоûˣ
ԵĿԣЦţԽ⼸СԽϲ
ȻˣָԱǵ岻˺һ˿긲𣬽ָŻ߼Ҳ޷ǵĽָ
ЩָָȼĻӦˡ
ܲһ顣
ԣɵǽλһģĺܺãȻ֮ʱĿİΣղϣ߸˶ÿࡣ
ɵ뿪ĲԣʱһĳɳˣչԼҲкĵġ
һһǼĿģǵĺͽİý
Ŷ˵ǼСһôͻȻ֣ԭԭ򰡣
һ֮⡣
ˣ֪ЩѵİȻģҰҺ๫ҲԼ˽˿ռ䣬ӦǸллǲŶԣ
˼˵Ǹ׸ô
ĵĻ˲
׷Լһֳࡣ
̫ϱˣһնս
˵öԣ㳤ˣȻ˾Ҫúһļ࣬ҺҲԼҪȥҪѧԼ顣
İݵĻýĽԭأݺݵ̾һ
ͲӦŸʵ֪۷ʲô鶼վһߣˣȡˡ
Ҵˣ
֪ܸĪɣ㣬û¶ĻȥɣҺ׻Ҫ
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֪ȤŽ뿪˹ռĺͽİݷ޶˶
Ȼ˻δŮûԹҲܡ
ģǲǸɵġ
³Խĺ棬ҲĽɵ֮ദģʽֻɵ̫谮ˣҵ˷ָĵز
ҲǲǾҵرĶģȫƤһܲˣҸ˵ĵİҶϰˣҸɵҲϰΪֲˣ
ıʾԼѾˣҺƽ
ɵĺܰﶼ͸ᡣ
κȺĽమǶôһ顣
κȵļ̾һ
Ů̫ˣ֪ŮȴΪݵĸоô֪ʲôóԺúȵĵһϱĸоô
ٸ֪ȵ鶼ǽΪʵ¼
ô˵ɣ˶ŮĸСްҾҵУÿҺҵڵʱҵһżѵһʱһʱ
֪һôôСۣ
ˣǾ仰ϰˣЩϡƽˣʲô˲ģ
ģˣȥȾƣ
ߣǽ飬ڵء
߸˺ƺƵ뿪˻ʹ˿ջջϰһǽĵˣЦĺϲ£죬æõľƲˡ
λˣЩƲԣСĲգûмλˣκͳΪһˡ
ջϰôһ˵һԵʳҲ׷ױԼĸм֮⡣
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ǰмĵ˾֮κ⽫ջΧµˮйͨ
ʲôƱֻʲôѼһӦȫ׷Ҫȸĩ߸еС
תۼ䣬㿴ջѾȺǵû
ڽĵһ뿪˿ջҪȻͱЩˡ
ߵͤڣ˴ӿջ뿪ʱ˼̳Ӿƣ̳ϵķ࿪֮ʣ΢
³ž̳ӽƹУľˮ֮ʣӵζڳ֮䡣
þƣǺþƣһݣ
һݣ
ȸʹʹ죬ɱɣĩ࣡
ٱ

1003 ĸŮ

1003 ĸŮ
Ƶıĩһôصջģ˭Ҳ֪
ֻ֪ڶʱ߸˱ĺһٵĽѵ
԰Ⱥ֪ܺȾˣȾƻȵòʡ£ҪʲôΣô죡
ĲֹЩӺȾƣǵﵹб߸ӵʱĵա
ʲôΣգ˵״̬Ӧԣ
ǣΣȥҪףһ£˭֪ᷢʲô⣬ʱô졣
ףҴ˰ɣұ֤ҲûԺˣ
ûֳٵΣɵͷҰɣ
³̽еĹϣϴ
³̣κȣԺͽ߸һιڵϣ˫־Ŷ䣬ǷĹõĳͷʽ
Ŷǰ߸ӣĵ׵ĵȫȫڸǹŭ
˷ˣѾˣҲ֤ԺҲˣ˵ǲǣ
ǣ˵öԣұ֤Ա֤
ɵ˵ļǣΪֳԺһúõĹ̵ܽܵǵġһΰɣ
գڽİݵȰ˵£ŭ
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˵һֺòˣǸɵĲ񹲷ߣ츳׼Ǽ̳˸ɵͳ
˵տһʮҲ֪ܲ˸ɵۡ
úóԣ
ĵļһʮеһСڵʱǱǼٱûԹöһ
ʲôϰ㽻䷽Ұ㣡
˵ţæС̯ϰǰϲǱóŵĹ˵ϡ
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ˣǧīڵı뽣ĪҪ׽ˣ
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˵Ű뽣˵뽣ϸŵĳ׻ߣһƽ١
Ϊʮ˵طľȻ뽣Ϊ
īڵ֪Լĵ뽣˲ףĶˡ
λ͹ˣѽû£ʮ˵䷽պã
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Ҳǵȼ۽
ĴӽİùһϾϾ̺ޱȵǿ󣬸ŵϲ޴룬գǮ䷽
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֪ܲȺʲô׻ǮˮϰˣҺ͵ֱӵĹϵѾʡǮ˺ô
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ʵҺСʱѾʼˣڻûиͷһıڽȻΪЩϵ˶һоǼˡ
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ĺǲ⣬˿Լֿ˿³̵ˣȷ׿˵ǼǱĩ߸ˡ
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ףôһ£
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Ůɼ䵱ȥˮǣԺ˵һЩ
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Ůӣĵ֪Ȼʱһ
Һ˽½ڤӡΪ鶼ˣΪ֮ԭʹϹħķӡɶϹħ񱻷ӡ֮رڣ񣬷ӡƳϹħصڤС
һжϹħйϵôΪϹħĴڣŻǧС֮ô
֪ϹħڤҹҲǽ⿪Լ˷ӡǸˡ
̫ţڤҹĻǧСô
ϹԲʲôأһһ鶼ıϵһˣϹħҲã߸ҲգҺҲãΪˣҺŻᱼڸȥѰҷӦδԤ֪Σա
Щ飬ǷĺͽİҲֻ˽֮󣬲ĸ
ֻѰʮеֶѣǾ޴ıɽһǻδ֣Ӧ˶ӵӰ졣
½Ϲħķӡ򿪣Ǿ仰һжıϵһڵ㣬պһᷢ಻Ԥ֪顣
һĸҿ϶߸ӻⳡƽռŲɹĵλ
ʮ˵ʮʲô
ŽĹʮ⣬һӣղŲ㱻ɲ׵뽣ǰ
ʮеһ뽣īīУʱҺǸɵȥǸʱǸ˴Ĳɿôأ
һ£ûһʵĴܹĳ档
ôĲҡ
ԣʮе뽣ʮ˵Ĳף
εЦţǻ˻֣ڨЦŷ˵ԼղŲǿЦѡ
УŲôͿأǿЦ°ˣйʮʮ˭Ҳ֪ʲôطҲ˵֪һжʮǷڵһ㡣

1004 ʮ

1004 ʮ
ʮĺأǴСǧ˭Ҳ֪ʮʲôʲô̬ʲô״ǲȵȡ
⻰ʲô˼ǲ̫
ǴԵҲûŪ׷仰ʲô˼׸תƻ⡣
ô˵ɣǿ֪뽣ǴӺ
ղŲ˵ôǴһеīīеġ
ظŷķ˵Ļǵ˵ͷҲҡҡͷ
ȴСѾͷ˵һв֮ͬҺ๫ȥīڵʱ뽣ģһˣ˵ʮĴǼ˻߶κζ֮УֻлԵ
ĸ˽ʮǾûκ֡
㿴ϵƣԵˣתۼữʮ֮һ
㿴ϵֻҪԵˣҲ仯ʮ֮һ
㿴éġ
ô˼˼Ǹǿף
ΪǳԵı߸ӣʮҲεĴڣҲεĴڣڸ֮УǰԶ֮⡣
ҪõʮֻлԵ˷ɡ
ɣôҵĶҪ浽ĩջҲǧС粻ˡ
ҲȻʮֵĵط쳣鷢ܲܽ⿪쳣¼õ޴ӵ֪ˣǾ仰Ե
ҲΪηĺͽİأ˾ţ֮ŵõԭ
ҪǹϵԼŮǲȥʲôʮֹĻ
ˣɣҺ๫ҪȥûʲôԵ
Žİݵ֣ȥʧ˵С
ĵ˻һֱڷ˵޷԰Ρ
˵¶ôֻҪҵʮǧСŲᱻô
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ҡҡͷʾ֪Ǽ٣Ǹڤҹ˵Ǽ顣
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κѾˣҲҪˡ
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۾ȷǶ֮ǻʺӢʹκ
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˺ǰڵѾκԼ񲱧ԼӲֵӢ
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ĺͽİѾص˹УŹڴǰκȣΪκȵĸȻۡ
𣡡
κѾ;ƿݵĵزǲܾȣֻҪΣκٻһӵʱ䣬κӾܾˡ
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зһ仰κӱ֪ˣϸֳһĨмЦ⡣
лһҲȥȵˡ
κˣҽԼĻԻȥҿԻóþá
Ѿ̫̫õʱˣˡ
ȣޣҪȥĸӦ˲ǣ֪Ϊ㣬һССĻʹסĳ򡣡
Ϊףκ֪ԼְûиŮذ
ǣΪʵۣҪκ˵İȫҲҪŮǡ
ڲټ尾ȥˣԷĵˣǰδеɡ
Ժκͽ㣬õѡУԺҪԵ㣬ΣնữΪġ
κ֣ϵĴظκȵգתۼ䣬˫ִκӱ˫ۡ
κʵۼݱߵʱϹЦݡ
һ̫๬Ůǹڵϣκþȥ
춼ڣһڽ磬֮ʱꡣ
ĵĬĬظκǰΪҪˣȣôȰ˵ҲãֻԼ¸ҵԡ
ţȲӱܵġ
κʵ۵¡أ峤ȫϢųҲʱĳ֣ȼݲٳ
Сôˣ
³һӵĿų磬ܾ˺кܴı仯áࡣ
Ϊȵˣôˣ
ųһ仰³̺ƷԼзģ⹷û䣬һԴ
Ȼ˵ųκȵļҲδԾӣκӵеϸڶٳֵ㵽㻹˱Ƚġ
ȣ˯һɣ
ȵ״̬ǵ䣬ųĺκ˯۷ݼĺͽİݡ
Сݼĸˡ
Լˣô˯ô
ҲǴŮ˿һЩų飬⺢ӵǺܲ
˳ÿǮҪʵĹȣҺ˽ԼİҲųûκηС
ǽ³̵һڱĩµĿǰһٵıӡ
עôʣʲôĸˣզôأҪҪ
³Ҫôľжôıģ˵ôôĸеôǿûͬȼ޸ų硣
ߣСүǴ˭ҸСүϱһһһ˫ֻҪСүҪϱ
ųģɺͼҲҪȢκΪޣҽΨһӣǡ
գżҰų磬㲻ٹ顣
żΪʲôͬųȥκȣżҵ˶⣬Ͼκȿκ̳дͳŮۣżǺκŮǶżҿаһģżҾǲ׼
Ǿ仰ҪųԼΪҪЮżͷЩ£ŷδųԼѡ
żͷҲ˵ˣպʲô飬ҪųԼ𣬱ûѹų硣
Ȼһغųκȣֻż˲δ˵ڶѡ
๫㿴ôų⺢ӾȻ壡
Ƿ´½һ¿ų磬ҲŷĵĿųϡ

1005 ĸ

1005 ĸ
ĺǾȵĿų磬⺢ӾȻ塣
Ҫ֪ﶼ벻˵ĵľˮڰȵȵԪضУŴƵȻ࣬ӵΪ֮١
Һ߱⼸棬ųΨһһ֮ˡ
ף˵ôų壿
µĿų磬ôҲ֮˰
׵۹ԲģǾ˵ųӵߡ
Ҫ֪ʵз˵ּ£ƼĻͻͽЧòõĻ෴ס
ųΪżҲ֪ųƣרעϵʼĹޣûųԸٶͻļޡ
ĸʲô壿
ųҲЩ⣬rҲ֪ӦһţĴڡ
Ӧ֪ޣ֮бѭ֮һľˮȵȵԪǹĸ
šףܲ˵ļһЩͦ
ĵĻҲҪͷ˵ģһһǶףЩһʱЩȦ
ˣľˮȵȵԪ֪ЩųʲôԵϵأ
ô˵ɣǴƵ˻ǴʵˣԵˣٻԵˣǼѵõ֮ˣҺ߱˼磬Ƽ٣ĵǵһ
Ŀų磬һֱıųĵëġ
ˣĪҪŵˣ
ŶŶעһЩ󣬼ĺе̫˷ˣţ͸ԺҪúõչȲǡ
Ĵнһ׷ų磬ų׷鼮ɢĹϢдѹֵĹڵϡ
Ŷ˵ˣⱾ黹һĴıʤڣǸջƨˣǰҽⱾ͸Ե֮ˡ
ΪԵ֮ˣų硣
Ҳֻ˲Ȿ׷ĻȻᱻ׵еĻҷ
һ㡣
Ĳòų׷Ĺؼڡ
֮ԻоصѹһΪⱾ鱾Ԫ񣬶ΪΪԳôѹֻеһǿ鱾ԪͨӶΪ
סôõĶôңˣ
׷ߵ׷
óһǺöȴų磬ûŮ
ǲˬҲˬ˼㡣
ŮԹ֮⣬֣һû˽ĵԴϡ
޷׷ֻ˲ܽӴⱾ飬еķȻմⱾ˲ͻᱻ׵лҷ𡣡
ÿһ˶ÿһ˵ţŮߣȻҪ׷ġ
ο׷ʲô⼸ӵĽָǺö
ļٵģɲܺң
ĵĻֱûһԴ
ô㻹ƭ㲻ɣ׸˵֮УǵĽָҪ׷õö࣬ϲĻ
˵ţҪҪؽָĵǷ׷ױȥ
УͳȥĶͲҪȥˣҲУʮöָǻöôǵĽָһģһô
ĵЩ棬ָȻʮֿŵĸԸô
һȻ˵ôһʯƳʮöָȴʮöָ飬ЩָҲֻ׼δӵ
˵ʮöָǽīķѪѰɽӲҵʯƶɣ׼Ϲ飬ҪʮӣȺǶˣͰѽָ
ǣīҲ뵽ƽָʱһ˫۾һһָʱ򣬾ͱĳŮ˸˳ˡ
˳˶öָҲ֪һץץöָҲע˵ġ
ףǲǺ޵
أɶ
Žİݵ֣һЦݱжôˡ
ε̾һаΪ
ֲŮˣСưͳԻпˣοһκɵĻףдȣҲ׼˶Ӱ㲻á
˵ˣҲָĲһ㣬С壬Բˣ
лˣлĸˣĸϣСһݣ
ųҸ㣬ôߣɵﻹûӦĸأ˵Ҳͬ⡣
ԣȫͬ⣬ҪȥȣҪء
ǣΪɶģʲôûã
ĩÿһ˶ͬų׷κȣʼڡ
ܸоԼİײ˱ˣܣ˵ʲôҲͬκȼ޸ų硣
˵ˣȲŶˣ׷ҲУԼֻҪһֱȵĲ䣬ǾǿֻͬȣʱǶã˵㣡
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ա
κʹ
һ䳯ǶۼڹڣκТˡ
ӽκκľҪүκΪ
κȻʼݱ֮ǰһеȨκȡ
κǳΪκŮҲã뿪κصҲգȫƾϲá
֮е飬κȽκĻλκ
κǲǺϤǾϵĵ飬ֱǵ귭κӡ
Ļʵᵽǵļ࣬ҲȻṼκȵΡ
˵ˣκأκκλӹľᱻκɽ
˵ˣκʲôΪĴڣǱĩһʲôΪĴڣκƽһҲʲô¡
˴λ֮κҲ뿪κ֮ˡ
һλκ飬ˣˣκѾûж˺ˡ
κǰΪ»ʵ۵κ͡
ȣģ޻һûʵۣṼṼκա
űһκõ죬һ뿪㲻֪òˣκ㽻ˣ
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ߣκκȻǱߣүκҲǲĿԼĶӡ
⸸û೤ʱ䣬ӾҪԼһʱ򣬹һˡ
԰Ҳûɶ͸ģǵеĻϡ
ǧĸǣ׸ǵǡ
үᣬôĿŸеıˡ

1006 Կ˵ˣ

1006 Կ˵ˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣҡҡͷδ¡
֪״ڣԾѾҸˡ
Ҳ֪һԼ뿪һ㲻֪¡
ҲףԼߵһǣԼ㹻ˡ
Ҫء
һԵĿл
Կ˵ʱ򣬲үκסˣĵҲĿԡ
ԡղǲǿ˵ˣ˵ɶ
˵ǵҪأǲǳֻˣ
Բۣһᣬҵۻκһˡ
˵ţ³תҪκץס䡣
ȥ
Ըղſ˵ˣҲһЩϹʲôĹһлô
³̵һ仰ǵ˶Ц԰³һۡ
ԭԻ˵
ųҲʾʮ־ȣԴӺͼʶ֮Ծû˵һ֣ΪڵĻǸưء
úúãһúõأ
عүЦţһʲôҪһжֵˡ
κ»ʵκүκɣ¬ԼһɴǶĿŽĵ˵Ӱֱһ˽ʧڵƽС
ǰţŽķĻκˣһǰڷһ˵ճ裬ʿԱ߳䵱
ףҪǻȥô
ǺǻڣҺҪһȥڣǶûȥν
ĵһ仰Щ⣬ΪʲôҪֿߣ
ֵô죬Һ֮ҲѰʮģȻҪǰһڵߣйϹħӡء
Ϲħķӡ
⼸ֵʱЦţδڤҹ߷ġ
ŮԸķĵȻˣСѾͷԼ
Ůվǳˣ֪ػ⣬ҲԼ˼ǣͲȥ׷ˡ
ˣף֪˪ô
ŷĹ˪飬ҽԼڳһһ˵˳
˪˼ǣһö˪
Ϣʱ򣬼ǷĶһǾȵı鳤ͺ޲һͷ
лһЩ˪飬˪Ҵȥɶġ
ʼ磬˵ϾУҸ߷ҲϾİ£ԼķӡӵһЩ
һϮӦ֪׸ķ
֪Ƿ˵𡣡
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ҲӦüǵ׸˵䲻ֻѣħȵȵȵȶǴڸϵģ
ţҲ֪˪Ĵںǿô
Ҳ˷ϵı仯Ҫ˵һʮء
ÿʱ㶼ͬǰҺǰһȥѰб̤һ磬ǸŸޣȸ׻ΪףҪʼսɱ
ĸĽ޴ս飬Ĵ޼Ǹ磬ǧս֮УֻΪ
ȻĴ޵ĲΪȸ׻䡣
ÿҲ壬ñ壬Ŀǰ֪Ϣ֣Ϊƽ壬˪壬ڤȵȣԻƽ˪ڤΪǿҲȨ塣
һε峤Ϊ˪ս˵Ļ
ס˼ѵ˵ڳõ˪ӣ
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Ů֪ˡ
Ĺ۲쵽еĵǣҲ¶ð졣
ֽ׶Σû˪صǸȥ峤λã˵׵ķȥȻصڵʱ򣬱㽫˪ͻصָУһҲҰһʱ䡣
ˣм顣
˵˪ҸĴħ̡
ѩڻô
ȻѩҪˣææչأôͻȻѩˣ
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ף͵ȥʱ˺Ͱѩ˵һĴħҸɭ֮УѩֻҪҵؼ峤ȺӢǰҸ彫ħ̽ӻ硣
ţİɣһǵõġ
û뵽Ůоô顣
ǰŮȻƤǺܶ£֪
ڵŮȻӣȴ仯˺ܶ࣬׵ĵȻˡ
ҲǣŮվҪԼȥģԺ¶ЩǵģҲǸ÷Ůȥˡ
ˣǾͣˣ
ԷĺͽİݵΪҪǰڣ֮ˣֻźǶһʱ䡣
׵ǷģһúõıԼġ
ɵģҲ˵ģ
ķģǼСһڣô᲻ء
ԽЩԽϲһЩĻжá
վԼҪȥһֱŮߣǾ仰ĳˣǸ÷ˡ
׵ǳɳΪǿһĵزһʮݵǡ
£ĺͽİݶգգ֮ʧǰ
һٶ˾㵵Ŵ죬ԼһĻ
ɵ͸ˣˣ
³ػؿ˺ü飬ȷŷĺͽİݶķˣ÷ɶߣ
ѽˣǵ׺͵Ϊʱ򣬷ɻ¶ô
ʾ˱ˣڸ·ȽҪۿžҪˣôͿȥҲʵĵطͶˡ
ˣ
һаˣĩ߸˼ϹƤҩų磬˸˴κǰڵ·;Ͽνɽˮ顣
һ߱ʮ֮һĳ
濴ȥĺɭĳǽס֪Ļǵװųǽ
ɼ˴Žʱȴֳ֮ҪеĳֵĶˡ
ŻЦÿһ˶ԵôģһݿҲȾ˽ĵˡ
ΪǸߵĳû뵽˺ö࣬ʲôô
ΧȺ϶޵ķװףʲôϲ¶һ㡣
һջʱϢһϣջϰҲǼĺƣС·Ű˸˶¥Ҹÿһ˶һķ䡣
ǲ̫ˣݻһѣ

1007 

1007  
ټĿջѾסˣһаÿһԼķ䣬ÿһ䷿䶼ݻ
ǰݻǿջÿסʰģǲе㡭
һа˶ۼһ棬ֵϷľֲ̻ѤöĿ
أѻסôżǲ̫Ǯˣ뻨Ǯ
³̰һų磬һԵĲˮ
ζǸоͷЩˣԹԵģ
³ܾе㲻Ծζһȱ֪Ĳֻ֣ڸСôء
һʱҲʵԼ룬³̸ɴһȹ˲豭еĲˮš
ѾҹѾصԼ磬˶û˯ߣűӾܵ赲
Ľ㣬˯ţ
ģ˯ôû˯һɣ
κȺͻű˽ĵķ䣬Ůڴϣ㿴ҿ㣬Ǳжôˡ
Ⱥʲôʱף갡ֵ˸˯̤ʵ
ӽʼѾǺҹˣۿžҪˣİǻף
ô
ʲôҪĽհɣ
Ź˵Ҳ֣ڹ֮ԭֵĳȻ
ͣˣ
ͣˣ
ƿ˿һҪĽֵϾȻһˣֻʣЩףĵߣԼڿŨصϢ
ˣİסȥ˯һ
Ҳû̫࣬κȶ˸ԻصԼķ俪ʼ
Ůĩĸүټų˯ǽһһҹĻҲûֹ˯
զˣǲˣôû
³̶緹Ȼ˵ջϰ޾ɵĺܣ˼˵ͣˣȺôû֣
ȥʿ
³Щģǲˣȥˡ
һԲȥı顣
ųɻһ̫ãǾõ֮һȥ
֪⼸Ӳ˯Ȼѵĺжôء
ѵʱ򻹺˵ƽĻԵ޹Ľ磬롣
˵һȽôҲ˯ôû𴲡
ܾò̫Ծ
˿Χǳɫ֮ʽģ濴ȥɭޱȣǽ֮ȴĲ
ⶼʲôϼ˯Ȼ˵̫ȣҹĳ򣬰ĳǲЩ̫ˣëȻ
ʲôԾ
³ҿҲûпȻˣȻҲָʲôԵͬĵ˵ͷҲЩ
ͨ˵СףҲջϰ޾ҲˣĽֵһ˶ûС
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ջϰѹûע⵽³˵ʲôһ顣
˵Сֵôһˡ
Ŷǳҹ񻶶ˣؼ˯ˣϾͺˣӾϰףûʲô˳ҹģ
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1009 ˵

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1010 

1010  
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ҰɣӦȥ˳Ķ棬ȥҿ
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㻹ôˣղŮǸ㿴˼ҳƯ·Ҫȥɶɶ˼ңСүסûɴ

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1011 յ

1011 յ
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죬һоͻָСΪ֮ģ
ոһ긴һĹţԽı˴˷ӡ֮أ֮ԽԽǿ
Ѿûжܹסˣǵӡɢһ̣ǧˮͻָһƬ˼ģҲܵ
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Ϊǽ˷ӡ԰Ȼ뿪ǧˮôʧˣҲ̳յʱǰ˸ߵĺǣᱻ׷ɱֱҷλãǰ˸ǰ·
Ů˵Źڰ˵·ĵԽԽ
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Ȱ˵þʹ˴סҪһٴȥˡ
㣬ǲˣ֪ɱǶô˼һ飬ܵѪ¶ȺζͲȰˡ
ЦţЦʮɭ˫ĸԼգƺڸ̾ʲôһ㣬Ȼ䣬һֻκȷ˹ȥų缲ǰκߣŵһ׵ʹǰ
ų˸·ʱ棬һճκȣһ׷Ȿ顣
Ȼ˵鱾кö໰ﶼףԽѧϰȻⱾ׷ǧİ֮ͬʱҲʱССĳɾͣǱ׵绤塣
аСӣû뵽ĥˣ
³Χų׵磬Ϊнָ³̣ŲᱻųΧƵ׵ˣǻ˱˵Ļͱ⽹ˡ
ǣҲСү˭СүĸָŮżδļ̳ˣϱδϹ
ųԼǰ׺УΪκδ๫ʱǱжôԺˣͬǷıĵŭӿϣҪⳡ治ʵĻһݺݵųһ١
ѧһЩ׷ô͸ҵǵǰԲѵĵϷȣ
׷ʲôˣ
ǹΧų׵磬һǻƽ֮Ҳ˵׼
Сүʲôڸ·һ·صյ棬ڶ·
ųԾǻκǰһ˫Ӱţбŷųǵĺ⡣
ɣö˵Ϊǿ󣬱Ͼʮ֮һյԪȻС
ǰ˸Ҳǳصģ˽֮⣬ĩÿһѾ뵽۷ʵĵزҲֻʱ⣬һѡ
ų壬׷ҲЩ

1012 ʧ

1012 ʧ
ĻɱѾˣ»صյоô
ŮĿøҵ³ͼһ֮ǰȰ˵ԼĻصյ
ѾϰѪȺɱ¾еĺŮӰŮĻһӣһǿХԭɫѪ֮ɫһһ˷ӿ˹
صյУǸССͭ㣬Ѿǧ꣬ôʱҲ緢ʲô䱯ʹȥһ̣
ŮЦţԽԽۼߣǹǵѹ֮С
Щ᲻ǳȥЩˣ
пܣҾ˵ʱΪʲôħԭЩϵϢԹ
Ϊ֣ħɷȵȵȣԹһ֮ǰɣɢȥһ
Թ۵һ̶ȣḽκϣʱ򣬱ŵͻΪ˲˹ĴڣͺñǰԵ
ЩȻǹҲħҪôԸ
ղ³ѾԹˣֵʱгһ̹ȥϧ͸壬ƻӿһƬɫУ첻κ˺
ϰ취
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĴ˸ָô
˵ϰ취Ƿħ󷨡
ֻаħԹۼɵһУȻᱻħ
ĩ߸˫ֽӡγһ޴ķħ󷨣ǧˮС
ǰĻͳܲסħ֮е䣬κʹзһĻڲһˣڵнָУҲ԰Ȼ
ħ󷨸ǧˮʱǧټƵ׵粻ϵĴ䣬ϣĴӴܵк˺ɫϢɢ
֣ǾȻ˺ҵĳ
һŭص֮䣬ŮԼȺзŭѡ
ֻӶţڳǽϵһֱĳż˷ɹȥ
һŵļ̣˵ϣȻᱻ̴Ѫ
һλᣬ⿪ӡصյȻǣ
Ǽ΢ѣ浱Լ޵еôǸҵĳҪǸѪĴۣ޴һһܼĳһη˫ųһԾϣĳȥ
һһϮϵ൱Ĭʱǰ
һмаֻаʱ򣬰ŮȻ˲ǰΪõסһ
Ҫ֪еаɰħԽıֱаҪ֪
㡭
ԭأɵɵĿΪԼһ𣬵ѪʶʵĽ֮ʱһĻĻ治ϵǰ
ʱĽöԵŵȥһ
ǵΪ㣬ֻյеССУı仯
ոһ긴һ꣬ʱȥ˰ǧ꣬Ҳۿ˳ı仯Ѫɱ¾ųĸ
һ죬ö˿뿪յɵĺĿ֮ʱһĺɫҺС
֪ѪʵĶ
ɲ֪ΪΣѪȴ˷ܲѡ
ǣʼɱ¾һһ˵УǰδеĸоޱȵĹ¼ţ¼ŵ㶼뿪ԼҽͬһӡС֮С
ޣ벻ףΪʲôô
˼صʵǰŵĽ㣬һǰеˮһεε¡
㣬Ϊʲô
ڵϣߡ
֣գǵյһͷ
Ϊã۷ʲô㶼߱㣬οҲΣ
ˣᶯȫһӡӡסǧˮ
ˣһԼʧɢһ죬Ҳûܽסˡ
뿴ٲԨ
ڣ˵İ֮£⼸˳ˡ
Ӧ㣬ǧˮָյӣ»صյʲôʱеɱ¾ʲôʱ뿪ɽȴˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣΪ㣬ĲĲ࣬ϣڶ࿴һãԼûжʱˡ
˫ֿʼ͸һҪڻУգץסֻ䲻Ĺâ
ǹâҲɢӰ١
ɱҽ㡭ɱҽ㣬Ҫǳ
ѪɫһƬĿŽĵˡ
Լú룬Ϊʲô㵱һȰа˻ҷĵز
žһһƴϣݺݵһʮʺİӡ˲両ա
֮ǰûԹκε飬һΪ˽أ㶼Щʲô
ĵĻһһĻصĶߡ
ԭŭմȾѪҺ˫֣еˮӿĶ
ҡҲɱˣ
ֻŽ뿪յȥһ硣
˵кóԵģкģǸаĶֻȥ濴
ǾǲãǵҾöģҾú¡
Ҿɱǣ
˵뿪յ֮顣
ǽöֻʶһãǣһе鶼ˣһʰ
ʱ˿̵޵ľǸСӣʧȥ˽Ŀһ
κǰߣֲõϵˮ
Ҳ֪˶ãˣĿκȵĻ˯˹ȥ
ȣ
û¶ۣ
һʱ䣬κȶһƱ˯˵ֱڶ峿
ɵʱȴѾʧˡ
ǸŮأ
³̺ųĴҲҲôܣôô˫۾أƾʧ
յ
κȴӵϼյʱյ廨ͭѾ·ӡˡ
ʱ˶߻
ǿ뿪ǧˮˣһᰴս˵ģֱɱ¾֮ġ
һϵʱ䣬ʧȥʹ£ˡ
Ҫս˵ĻȥɢΪǧˮָԭӣصյ
Ȼ֪Ƕõʱ䣬룬ջһμĻᣡ
һ
Цţʧꡣ
ڶݵĽ֮ƾɵǧˮûȻһЩҲѤĲʺ硣

1013 ö

1013 ö
ڳǽϵѾʧĳҲָʶ
ԭδɱǧˮİգֻǽУ˻þ
һĻ˲ŷࡣ
ǧˮֱԭӣյҲˣ֮УҲõʮ֮һյ
صջʱ򣬿ջƹдˡ
λС㣬Ǵס갡
ƹģ⻰ػطǺüΣ۲۰
³ʾС¥ϺôãҲˡ
Сһ±Ƶĸ³󣬻˲
˳ʧеĻ棬СԴǲĿƹ
ƹģǵɶʱЩˣ
֪˭ȥɻ
һ뿪ǧˮһƬҸâеǧˮһЦ
˵ǾڻжԶ·̣˭·
ǧˮȻȥˣµ⸡ǰ
˭·
㿴ҿǲ⡣
ָָ³̡
ҵǸ³ߵģ
³̱ʾǳ޹ָָ
ңҸߵģɶ¶
ҲǸųߵģ
ת߿ų磬ųһı顣
զҸδϱߵʲôô
׷鵽˸ԴԭǧˮĲǱˣκȡ
ҡҿͼˡ
κȱʾȷȷʵʵǿͼˣݵͼϵָʾһֱš
ô·أ˵Ĳʹѵô
¶Ĳң³·ģ
Ƶ³̵ͷϣ³Ҳæ˻ֱʾԼûκιϵ
ҵʱȥ¶
Ҳʾ鲻ԼĹ
ҵʱ󷹣ͼųκȣҪȻǳʲôأ
ɶߴ·ѣϱô߶ǶԵģ
ӣ
ų磬˾Ǹ͵Ĺӣ
˲δκȣǰе鶼ųϡ
ԲۣСүԸ⹷ôˣʼɣࡣĶʼɣ
ų粻ΪܷΪ٣رԺ̧ͷͦء
ų粢֪ǱĻûɶƫƫǱĩļ׼
ų磬֪Ǳĩм׼ô
ɶ˼
׼ʲô顣
ųı飬֪һĩ⼸׼
ȻˣҾ͸ռһ£ҪǱĩȥҪ֪Բ׼Ǯ
ʮϵթų磬ʾų罻ǮŻ˵õ鱨
ǮôСүȱľ⣡
˵ţҲ֪ųǴӳһƱϣųڣ̽ƱԼĻУںߡ
ҪǱĩȥҪ֪һ¼õܣһԲ׼³̿ڳ衣
Ϊɶô
ųĿ³̣ų˵Ļ֮ʱһЦ
ųļϡ
ֵܣ㻹ᣬеĸѾˣǹغȺӢʱȥҸʱһռҸǵͬͨأ³δ֪һĿ֪Чжô𺳡
³̸Ĵ͸
𺳣˸ˣ
ޣô˵ɣ˳ҪǮ³̳Ҫһڲһ㳪ĸүү̣ǳӦõ
棬˿ļԺС
ҸʱүүǱǺܸ˵̨¿ϷԿˣ˭֪³Ȼ۶ŪʲôѹĽĿ
˵֪ΪѹĿ³̳ĻǾƴҲֹֻ̨ϧǻһ
үүǵͲãټ֮³̸ĴݲУ̼˹ȥ
ڽκ˺ǿûɸΪصĺ
ڶԲҪǾԲû߷·
֮Բ׼߷·Ҹ¼Ѿװ׵ĸˣһߣǽǻˡ
ɶ˼ŮӼҼҵŮͦõģ
ͬų⻰˵û
ͬųĹ۵㣬һΣѡںųվͬһϡ
·ôˣΪŮ첻ôôǲµģ
ŻĻ˽˷һʾı֮顣
ߵжôĿֲѵô
ҸүүǷ·黹С¶ǵһοʱĻ棬ǲŽӰ
һ£ºڷߵ죬СصĴţһŮĹâ·ɿķ·һ߷·һߺǺǺǵЦͣ
ǽڿֻʱ򣬶ñ󺮷󣬲סſˮ
ˣǵ·Ҳȫˣһ
˵ǱĩڶԲҪԲҪû߷κζߺ롣
ųſˮԾĳһƶ˼£һͻᱻ߸
ǡǵԲҪʲô
ų˵𲢱ĩԲҪʱ˵һһ˽ĵϡ
һ߾ۼԼϣε֡
ң׵ĳտһһҵɣ
֪ô˵
˵˵Ĺ̶׽̵ģʲôҲõģΪɶζͲԾء
ѳô
ѳԣ
Цţݽĵĳո΢
ô˵ɣѳԷֵȼĻĵĳڶ۷֮ϣʱҸʱүү̳Ĳˣһ㼯
ģᣡ
ųʮе˽ĵĳա
סˣĩԣԲҪ³̿ڳ裬ԲҪû߷·ԲҪԽķˣĸԲҪǲҪ·
ΪʲôΪʲôδϱ·
ųһô˵κȣ¾ͲˣϱôˣǼȶãβΪ߳ûƯ
Ǹ·գﶼԵ
Ϊ·ǲŻǰǧˮȻ˵ڻԵɺ֮õյҲǧˮüա
ңֻҪ¾ͿԵڵ·̣񻹲֪˶õʱ䡣
ȺЦţСģǵų۶Сġ
£ҲǰԨֻҪһ仰ųԥȥҲĸԸˡ
ĲҪôĵĻǿɼµˣ
˱ųĵĲҪҪģװʲô
һ·ϣ˴ֺò֣뿪κ߾κȴ·ǰ£ֻýı߾ȥڡ

1014 ɽׯ

1014 ɽׯ
ͬң󲿷ֵĹѩǣһֻļͶڡ
ҲΪĵѩơ
ңѩ߹
˽ĹѩĻÿֶܸ˴һĸܡ
һƬһƬѩϵ£϶Ŵ멣ųһĹӣɡκȵߣκȶ
У磬˼Ҳѩ·ϸȾ纮͸Ҳһɡ£
ߵ˶ģų練θ
жԶԶˣͦһүԼɡȣһᣬȥճ¯ĵعϣ
ã
κɡվԭؿųıӰȻϲ˵ʲôȴůůġ
Դ֮Уųչ۷ʲô鶼վԼߣڸȥ֮󣬰ԼٳŸʵ
֪䣬ųѾ߽ģֻǡ
Цգκһɨе
Ů˼أǽҲϲų˵ǷǣǱĩıǧųɵ׷֣֪ô
㣬˼Ҳûأ
һ仰ǵκȽߵֱţǵûЦ
ų籧Ÿճ¯ĵعϻˣóԵĵعκȣʮʩӸ˽ĵˡ
ЩСүǳԵģرҸǿ
ԲۣҪҪô԰ڰɣ
³̼˷ֳſعϣǹζӴһֱӵȫңѩһȺĿعϣôˡ
ųСǲ̫ˣҲ̫˲ˬˡ
ԣ죬óԲóԣ
𣡡
涼ģκЦرģųҲſġ
ģԣ³Ƕһԣһ߿ſعһ߿ǰˡ
ųҲˣ
Ҳ룡
ͬ
ҲҪˣϾǻڻҪһӣҪųûˣǵķƱҲûô
һ仰˵˵ϣҲΪ仰ƹų硣
һطѩǣиȪǵľ㡣
ȪˣҪôǿߣѣ
ҪôǸǮסʸ
Ҫôǻʹ壬ƾݲܽȪ
֮һ仰ҪȪĻҪôȨҪôǮҪôʵ
˼Ƕռˡ
СүǮ࣬Ǽ˵ķСүҲаˣ
ųǺˬĽ˵ס޷Ҳһ֣㿴ҿЦǽһá
Ȼղûųһȷľ
Ȫɽׯ֮С
Ȼһаɽׯһҹȵڶ뿪·ǰڡ
Ĳ֪ǼٵĲ֪Ҿ˵Ȫô˶죬ԭɽׯ
³һı鿴ˡ
˵ȪôôϤ
զɽׯܳô
֪һ˺˽ɽׯҸһӵˣɽׯһĴڡ
ѩȲ裬ɽׯŮǷµĸСʳһѩһ˵ɽׯ顣
ഫںܾúܾǰɽׯһŮŮ书ʮָǿķǰȢ
ŮһֻΪֻߵľ磬δȢκһʿ֪ΪΣŮǼ޸һзӡ
˵ǸзһѰѰĸϿΪѩɽɽׯڱ֮ǰɽׯŮׯҲŮ
һȥŮమˣŮ޸˷
һԵ˭֪о˴٣ʵ۽ΪҲɽׯ㿷֮ޡ
ŮѣҲܲһ裬ųնɱ
ʵ۴ŭΧɽׯŮһ˶սǧʿ󣬻ʵ۲òҲ֮
֮Ůû־֮ɽׯľģɽׯ۷壬ܽɽׯˣݸ߹ʵۺǿߡ
ǸڸǱɽׯˣᱶӡ
ҾͲ֪ˣ˵ɽׯŮʧˣɽׯҲûˡ
Ҳ˵ˣҵ˵ɽׯŮׯȥߵľϰˣ
һһ˵ɽׯȤţʱһҹſѤ̻ҫ쳣ֵҲǻȸԾ
λʽʲôӣô֣
ĽסŮŮŽĸ
СӵĻѩڣİǶᴩ޵·ףѩɽŮ
ѩڣȥ
һе棬ŮķĵĻκȺͽı뿪ɽׯųȻҪκҲȥ
εĿһҡҡͷЦš
߰ɣҲȥʶʶѩڡ
ĩų˸˴ϡ
ĽֵѾΪеĻ϶εŮӣŮװ˵ģ˵ʻݡ
Ҫֱ֪ѩ֮ѰʻǺѵ飬ⶼǰĻ䣬ȵѩһŻó׼ԼΪϵġ
ƣôĻƣôô󣡡
˶ߵĻķ죬ҹʮֵۡ
ߣȥŻƣ
ģκŮһͬʧȺУųҪȥȴסˡ
˼Ů飬һүŲʲôүǾҪȥүǸ飬Ⱦȥ
ųһջ¥¥Ǹ̨λüãݹֵܿŻƵĽˡ
ȻҰõķǮҲ󣬲żҴڣǮʲô⡣
Ҳ֪Ȼдʲô
ųſҪκڻдʲôκξЩԶ塣
ѽֲǼСӣôĵĺǻŸ
δϱҲĺǻţѵҪҺǻ㰡
ųһȻ֪е˼ϲȣʲôӶҪţҲȶš
ųЦݣǶĵļϷƤ
Ⱦưɣ̬ƵĶȿͣ
һߣĻκȸһ󻨵ƣű׼ڻдԼԸ
ȺܿľͰдˣǽģ˺þҲûдɶ
ôдղŵүү˵ѩɽŮأԸ
κԸûôɣʵ˲ֻ࣬ӵб˸Ϊǿ顣
֪е֪еȫȫָ
˿е񣬵κԸ翵ĴڣǱѰĿҪԶıʸΪ͸ʵҲΪǿѡ
У˵ʲôʲôдԸȻһŷɻƣ

1015 ټ

1015 ټ
˺þûûдʲôԸá
󣬸ɴдһ仰
ҵԸеԸܳ棡
ҵԸеԸܳ棬
ڽеë֮ʱһº͵ظŽдڻϵǾ仰
عűԼҪһͷˣѩ֮УüĿ˫һϮ¸ǲʳ˼̻ˡ
ּˣ
ЦţЦôᣬ޲ðеöһˡ
վھǰĻ̌ͷһ˫ЩĿǰˡ
ǺǼ
㣿
Ŷԭˣ
ǰ˭оʱ档
Ļðյʱˣ˴Ůװߴ֣Ȼ˾Ǿ
ô
֪ΪΣһμʱ򣬾ȻһʱѵļӸС
Ҳָ֪оΪŵϢ£Ϊʲôԭ
ܸ֮оԼںܾúܾǰһ
ȥһЩ飬·ѩǣû뵽㡣
仰ǷڱϵĻȻᱻɵͽһĶԻ³ᱻŮһȭ򵽡
Ӿ˵ʱ򣬵мżĸоܴһԭ鹦˳úÿ˧񹲷ߵ֡
ǻɺϣ
ЦţҪȴԼûʲôҪġ
ģϽŻȥɣҪȻλöñ˸ռˣ
κŽȥĺ;֮ǰ˷ŻƵѵص㣬ֻ¾һվԭأŽĵıӰأϸֳһĨΪº͵Цݡ
ʵκǹҪŽ뿪ġ
ǸȻúܺÿܾڿĵʱеЩ
ģʶǸˣ
ôʶҲϴϼһΡ
ҡҡͷʾԼҲǵڶμ
Ů˵ֱ㲻⣡
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Ů߷Żƣջ¥ϵһʿǽضžһһֱǸʧΪֹ
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⣡
˷ͷͷǵ˵ֱԽĲġ
˵Ǳĩĸүܲͣһ£ΪǵĵôԼеôģջǽԼô
ų仰ҲڸˣκˣԼǱĩ곤ķݶͿֹ氮ȫܡ
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һǸʮΣա
һʲôһСүҲǿ˧𡣡
ų翴һ۾ʧķЦţʮ˦˦ͷ
ô˵ɣղŸоϵϢô
ų磬ܸܲоǰϵϢ
ôԶľоƨ
ͳ
Ļ˵ȥ
һֱڿŽϷһУȻĻκдʱĻҲۡ
ÿһ϶ŻٵϢֻҪǻˣǳһķΧܣ֪ԷĴڡ
ǵΪѾ۷ʼ𣬱˵֪ʮ֮ǰҲް
ǣڷţǸûвκεһϢҲھ񿪿֮ŲĴڡ
˵ǰӾԲѰ֮Ϊ֮ߣҲĶ֡
ڣԷδʲô
ôһ˵ųҲ׹Ŀֲ֮
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뿪ˣ
ң˶ԽûκΣյľٶ
ȵĻκ˷Żƹ֮ʱżһ׷׷ü
Ǹɶһɥı顣
ղų˵˭
ŽľݣҡҡͷʾԼҲֶ֪ѣʣµҲһŲ֪
ôҲ֪ģʲô¶ģ
Щڵʲôˣ˻ʾ˱⡣
Ȼ񲢲Ǹ򵥵Ĵڣδھпκɱ⣬ˡ
ҹлصɽׯѾһʱˣѩԽԽҲ˯ŸԵΡ
ȵڶ׼뿪ʱһȴõһ˺ܲˬϢ
ڴѩһҹǰ·£ҪȥҪһʱſԡ
ֻһҹ֮䣬ѩ㽫ѩǸˡ
ѩǰǵĻ˵ѩ˹ϣѩɽŮˣ
ѩɽŮȻһճɣһﲻˬˡ
ô˵ǻҪһʱ뿪
ȵĵذϣɽׯһȡůʽذ嶼ůůġ
κȺͽŮţһ߳ʳһš
˵ɽׯһȪҪȥȪ
ðȪãھȥ
˵ţ׼ǰȪȥȪһ㿴ų籧һѺóԵĹ
ȣȥҸ˺öóԵģϲԵģ
˵ųΪ׷ȣ˼ж϶˰ٷ֮ٵŬʲôóԵģģһкö͸κȡ
Ϊκȵĺýãĺͻ˵ȻҪʳˣǶˣĩʳϵĹӦš
κһˣĩĳԻ
ҪȥȪ
ȪðҲȥ
ųֵƨƨߵҲҪŽȥȪɻ͵ǰų翪׵磬㱻һˤݺݵˤ˵ϡ
СӣעôʣҪڶĴ治죬ͱһ
ųκʧɽׯУԶȫ̹ۿһ˳ʳЦűˤڵصų硣
ų磬治ԣŮӵŲʲôûǶԹԵһô
ǲһȲӾô죬һˤô죬һɫ͵ô죡
ųϵѩоٳһصĽ֣ǲġ
ɫǣҿɽׯɫǾˣǸĿˮɡ
ǣʱ仹ȱԵأ˳ĸɹù˵ζͦóԣ
³ʾųϽͳԵģеûġ
ɫǣԻͽĵΪҲȻǣй򻹲࿴ȺȲ裬Űݡ
һߣĻκǰɽׯɽȪŮİ£˻Ȫרõ˶ůȪˮ֮С

1016 

1016 

ɽׯȪȻ紫˵еһСʱ˵ɽׯȪ˵кܴĺô
ʲôôģһɶˣܹǶ˵洦
ŮһȪһŰԡ
߸ҵĻĵʮ壬Ŵ壬Ȼ˵ڵȵȵ顣
ˣҲ֪ǵûڡ
յ˵Ӧ͵˰ɡ
ο׺͵ΪûʲôǵĶ֡
˵ĺͽİݷ޶ˣںͽķֱ֮󣬱׼ǰڡ
·ͻһ飬˶˵ĽŲ
ĵǧˮҵʮ֮һյĺͽİҲ֮ҵʮ֮һķβ٣ڽղŵڡ
ǰɽ֮еڣһֻصʦŵĸо
ԴӺʦǷֱ֮Ҳ֪ʦڹôˡ
ĵǵĻǻصϾʱ˳·ɽȥǡ
İȻ׷룬ȥԪʱҪ·ϾҲȴ˷˵һ׮¡
ţǻȽǰ΢
ڷĺͽİݶ˵ĳ֣ǿ˶䱸
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ҳôÿô
ָָԼȻµһŮһǣô˵б۾úǺÿΪɶڵһٴһǡ
ˣȻôڣ
ˣ
ڵӿΪ˶֣һ˫ɫӱжô޹ˡ
ӣࡣʵͷһôˣ۾һôˣˣģѾĲȫҶˡ
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ıڵĵһĳ޿ħڵһο˵Ļᣬɫħ˲ɢǿ޷
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ڳҩ͸޺ۿǿվֱ֮⣬һŵأǱǧصʯͷݺݵѹš
ǿ־Ϣ֮䣬ϢԵ쳣ƺֻڷָ֮Խڸһ㡣
ţλԺδΪҪڡ
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Ľת޺۵ϣأһ˫ɫסˡ
๫쿴㿴ġ
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İŽİݵʾ𶯲ͷŭЩ˶Ѱˣܳܵסѹ
ܽİħ޳񣬿ô˵ļɢǲһܳܵסġ
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ĳɫһһˣһ׷ߣһŹȵˣһߡ
Ҳ²£û´ĻӦҩ޺ۣŮ˵ĹȻûǸء
ˣΪӣ
İݻǸİݣ˻񣬶ϲĿޱ˿ǰú͹һģҲԡ
úúã๫˧ӣ˰ɣ
ôһ˵İݵɫźЩҲջѹ
ѹɢſڵϵҲͱǿѹֵ˫ȷվ
֪λ˿еŮָǺˡ
޺Щ⣬һԵµĿŷĺͽİݡ
Īλĵĸĸ
ʹĵĸĸǺˣĻش
ΪǿЦʱĻֻŶѣĲδ˵ѡ
ԣǽģʱлչǸ¶Ů
Ȼ¶Ƿ޶˵ˣ˵Ҫлġ
ûָͺǻҲΪģ
Ūĺͽİݲ֮޺ǰڴˡ
֮У޺ۣ׿ϣڵҩ֮⣬ֻʣ·ĺͽİݷ޶ˡ
ҩǰлλĵչˣǷ޶ҲûʲôصĶó֣͸˶λл
һӣһǶžʯıһҩ¯ǰҽ͸ҩ
ѪؾħĴΣħѾȫɾԷʹˡ
˵ţֽһҩ¯͸ҩ
ҴĿе֪ҩǰҽѧź裬ҩ¯ϼɽҩĶ͸ҵģ軨׷͸ҩǰ
ڷ˵òֻ֣γЩ٣û׼ʲôԱ㽫Ѫҩ¯Ϊ͸ҩлʱ棬˶Խĵչˡ
棬棬ġ͸ң
˭ڵشҲҪ֣߹¸ǲУ
ȻеѪһŵĿ˿ֿ˿Ѫȷ֮ʮֱĽѪ˳
Ѫʵһ˲䣬һŭ֮ǵصϮǿϢġ
ѪľԪڣھȴݻٶ֡
ҩ鿺ܵҩ¯޲ðԼҩ¯Ƴɵҩ
ҩǼ˵һѪһҩ¯ȴöͬõİߵСӣЩЦ
˽Ȼ֪Ѫҩ¯֮һ˽ػΪ顣
⺢ԵƤʱλ鷳ˡ
ΪĵĸףĵȻ֪ԼŮʲôеˣһûٴ
ˣıֵĺܺãΪҲ˲顣
޺Цºͣǫ̬ȸ÷
³侲Ϊǿߡ
ΪûпĻΪѾ𾳡
޺۵Ϊ˵Ϊǿߣδ񣬵Ҳ𾳡
ĵһ𾳵ǿߡ
ֻҪͻ𾳣֮Գ
ںܶ˿յĿģⲻ֪֮
ŷĵĻ޺һЦš
Цˣڿɷһ⡣
Ŷ֪Ҫɶ
ף޺˵ղǰǼ顣
أޣ๫ħޣ㲻õģ๫ħҲɱ޹
ޣħޣħҲ޳ô
޺۲˵ΪҲֻ˵Ѿ̤Ǹ硣
ܵĽ֪Ψ޷̤֮
ħޡ
ްܶ˶ʡ
Ĳδ޺ʲôΪڴУֻ޷ɳһЩж

1017 ΪΪħ

1017 ΪΪħ
Ϊ޺Ϊħޣվ˶µĹУа׼ڣü
˵һܶ˶жϸﶨ˹ء
˵˵֪һȷôֻ˵һ飬˶ԶΪʤ
һܶ˶϶ǶԵģһֱȥǶԵġ
֮˾Ǵģᱻָָ㣬Ҳøų³
Ӷ಻ʤȴѾʷ֮С
˭ħ޵ںǰ˽ħ޶Ϊã޶Ϊֻʲô״
޺ۣЩ鲻ֻܵ棬Ҫ͸ıʡ
Ϊħ޾ֶѣǶ
˵һ޲ޣħ޲ħޣֻΡ
ĵĻ޺۳ĬƬ̣һ̧ͷʱЩĶ
ҲЩ飬粻ǷǺڼ׵ĴڣҲûоԵĻֻ֣ı峯źַչ
ҩԼ׿ϰţǵĹУǿħһҲ
һ֮˴֮£֮ħ֮˳ͼΡ
Ѿѻ˵ĺˣǰĸҲе˼ʣµľҪԼȥˡ
˵ţһӣһ齻޺ۡ
лΪķĴڣĲſԿԼֱܼġ
·ϣҲķ˷ģ˵Լħ飬ķ֮£ɹںϵħԼ
ʵҲǷĵһ飬Ůħ֮Ī֮£ںˣѾȫȫסԼ
ⱾȻûʲô֮԰ڵ۷̤֮֮£ɹɽ١
л𡣡
Ȿ޺˵ֱ̫Ҫˡ
һ̤Ǹ磬ȻҪܶɽٵĿ飬˶ڶɽ֮ϡ
Ȿ飬һɹѹأʱ㹻ӦĩյΣˡ
λһΪôǲˣȥعμȺӢỹδӦõκԵش
ǣҺ๫֮ȥκҲĺͼӣû뵽⼸СһﾹȻѾﵽ۷ʵĵز
˵ȥκʱ飬򵥵˵һЩӵΪȵȣ˵ıҪôȾжôľȡ
Ҹղûģ³̣ԣκȺ˵˺εΪ
Ϊ߸˵ĵʦҩоԼ˻һʣ۷ʣӦˡ
ʰ³ǵ۷ʵΪѾͻʵľ磬ĵȼ֣Ӧǵ۵ľˡ

һĳš
˿ҩҩ˿ȷԼûֻ֮ڳʵ
ǿǱĩ߸߸β߸ЦĴڡ
񣬾Ȼڶ̶̵һʱ֮УһʲôʲôʲôûŵѰһӽ۷ʵĵز
ʦʦʦʣ
Ҫ֪ÿһĴڶ൱ԿԽģЩһ޷̤޴ʦľ磬߸Сȴǡȴǵʵļĸǵ۵ľ硣
ʮۣˣķˣ
ЦţΪ˸е˲ѡ
һ飬Ƿ޶֮磬ҲΪѰɢʮ˽һ¹ԤԵ顣
ǷĺͽİΪҪ֮һ
ϾԤԹϵǵŮ
ʵӺǰǾڳ²Ŀ֪ԤԵĴڣҳѰ֮˽⿪ӡҲǳ²Ļʹ
Ȼ²ѾһзеѰʮҪȻԶԲʳ
Ҳ֪ԤԵô
Ȼ½ҲħٻϹħ񣬿֮ǧ׼ǸʱҲܵ˲Ȼ½ڤϹħķӡɶ˷ӡ
˵ʱ򣬷֮еЩ
֪Ϲħһֱӡ֮УҲŮĵԤеһжһһӦ飬ԤԾ˵ʲô
λ
޺ۿһҩ׿ϣ˷׷뿪ڴʧ֮޺۲ڴ룬˫ֽӡڴĴû󷨣ɢ֮һҴӴǰ
ĺͽİݷ򸾶޺۽ң֮ʲô˱㲻֪ˡ
ֻʸҡ
һߣɽׯͣһ̣ѹ˻عڵ·
Ϊѩı߾ڣһ·϶Ĵѩ
źĴ멣ڷѩмѵǰš
ڣһа뿪ڣЩǰ֮ˡ
µʱ棬ǳԺֺòԵ鵹ûз
ڡ
뿪μȺӢᣬֵκһа˾ܵ顣
ҩɽǰӭˣ²ͽ֮ʱһЦ۾ûˡ
ããǵΪȻ٣һΪǺǵġ
ĸ𣡡
˺ǲ⣬ΪˣǵöߵΪѽ
еǷĺͽİݶˣֻʱĽİݺͷķ򸾶Ѿ뿪ڣǰһȥѰʮˡ
ʲôҵˣǻյأ
ѾٶȸϻȻ·Щ飬Ԥʱ֮ڻصڡ
Žյףû뵽׺͵Ȼ뿪ˡ
ްĪҪģߵʱš
˵ţһŽ˽ġ
ϵıʼǷдֽдһĸ׶Ů
Ľůġ
˵ˣҪٸ㻨Ǯල
ʵĵԭϽֻһЩĻ߽ġ
˰ʦǸӣָ˵ʲôأʦӲˣǺ㰡
ʦǿĲ
ʦ·ϲժҩģҩüֵܸأ
ʦ
һ·ϣ˶ҩʦʦͣ˵ʵųĽϵǵʦ
ȣҾȻˣȥҩ㡣
ų罫óԵĺúȵĶκȣرκ˯ʱһҪǺñӣʱ䱾ȾһЩ纮ĪҪز顣
֪ˣ硭Ҳչ˺Լ
ţһúõģչ㣡
˵껰ųǧ㲻뿪ˣֻʣ±ĵһˡ
磬ѽ˼أ
磬ô˼һûء

1018 һȺ

1018 һȺ
³ѧκ˵٩κɫߺ첻ѡ
滵
ȣôôأǲǸðˣаöˮҪȻųۻˣ
һ·ϣųκȵú˶żҵŹӶκȷʵ޲ðõĶκȡ
ǣΪͿ׵ĹǱĩĺðײˣҪ׷κȣԺĵ·ء
οǻҪųóԺúȵأųߣ˵־֡
ߣͣȥһ٣
Ϊʲôң
ʾ൱⣬ΪʲôԼͳԷ
ҲǮԻһѵƱ
ӲתƵϣʮֱӵĿһۣЦ
ôвǸһƱô
˵ʲôǮģ֪Ⱥݡ޻ʲô
գʹͣ˽֮ȥɽµƳǴԴ
һӵζȣľƱƣҲ֪ʲô˼Ǻȡ
һ̳һ̳ӵƲϵĿҲȵöᡣ
ʦҸ˵ȺӢϷ˺ö飬κκʲô
³̺ȸˣ˵ҲǶ϶ɾӣһԽ˵κ顣
һһ˵˳ЦţʼնЦš
ΪʦȻϲͽΪΪˣǸ˵ĿԼĺƽĹ
һҹʱ䣬ҩͱĩ߸˶ھ¥гҹţȵࡣ
Ƶ³ǵڶ
Ĳ֪ԼôصҰɽģֻ֪ԼڵԴ۵ļҪըѿһ
ۣ
ۣһ޷ݵۣ޲Դײǽ
֪ˣȾƵʱôû뵽ء
һż֮⣬ǳ
һѾ˽ߡ
˰ɣܻͷۣ
֣ʲôʱġ
Դ罬һĽĸûȥΪʲôԼķ棬ôӿջصҰɽСݡ
һѾ¶ǣƬ֮󣬻ĻһЩʹ
Һȥ¥ĻЩҪ˼ҵĵ궼ˣԣ
޸һԼôʣֹһξ˵
Ӧ˼ҵĵ꣬ӦƳǶֵüȮ
ɶǣ
ڴϵĽӶʺţϲȥȾôΪʲôҪ˼ҵľƹݣΪʲôҪֵƳǼȮ
뿪˵ʲôűˣڵĵ߽䣬üͷŽġ
֮ĩǰɽǰϡ
ɶ¶ô֣أ
ĸǲ⣬׳ʲô¶ôҪǱĩ߸ȥɽſڼϡ
֣׷ʲô
ȥ˾֪ˣû㣬׼
ôһ˵ĸǺˡ
򵥵ϴһ£ĩļڵӵĴɽǰ
ʱɽǰѾۼǧˡ
ҵ찡ǲ̫ܻӭˣЩ˶ôǶ಻˼
³ͷٺٵɵЦţһԵʯŵϣӶеȡ
񵹲ȻǱȽϲǻȦ
ڽҪһ˵ܾôˣ
ǣڵĵӣǵʧ˭⣡
ǾǣڽҪǲһ˵ǾﲻˣҲҪһ˵
飬飬飡
ڵҵĵ̣ҵĴұ飬飬飡
һ˿жԩڵӰǼضһ
Щ˿еڵӳ˱ĩĽ߸˻˭
š˵ɶ˺޵飿
ųոɽǰ㿴ǧ˵ַĩ࣬ϲǳȥȾˣʲôˣڱƳǵ̷ַ
Ҳ֪ϺҩүүȥƹݺȾƣȻͲ֪֮ˣ
ĩ߸˱ʾĺԩҲ֪ʲô飬˶ȶƬˡ
ǡǸôˣ
СƳǾƹݵϰ壬ǼǵϾϰҺȵľƣȻأȻզˣ
ƹݵϰһģ۾죬ҪǴ򲻹ģȥЩ˶ˡ
㻹˵Ǻ˾ƣǼҾƽǾͺȣ˵ζã˾ƽеľƷһѻҪǼʱѻƹݾͱЩ˸ˣ
ҼңȥƹݺȲƾǼҺȾƣУǼƥӪоƣǲǼеĲƥЩͷ
ҼңҼңȥҺȲƣǴкȾƣ׵ģ׵ģǲǼҵĴ׸ףǼҶĴұˣҪǲһ˵ҾҲҪ
ԣһ˵ҪȻǽҲҪ
˿һ仰ָűĩµС
ȸ˵˸֪Ƴ˶ô
λϴʲôʧ
ߣǶˣåصľʧ
ϴһ˵˲±ˡ
ˣåУҪˣåĻҸòĴô˼ûаʮҲʮˣĲһڡ
λϴǲǿˣ
û
ʯֵЦӦ˫еЦ⣬˱ɭɭ
ҪҺֶסĸ¿ӱ˭Զˣ
ۡ
һ仰ü˲佩Ӳ
һſˮ㿴ҿ㣬ȫȫϷ顣
ҲݣЦˣ
ųŶӹЦţЦᶼˡ
ֵǰû뵽ǻãԣȫԣ
ųЦûûΣĩ˿ˡ
ѲƵôɥĲô
ܰĻҩүүôֹǡ
ˣҩүүأ
ʦҩүүȥˣ
ˣʱͿҩ뿪ҰɽӦ˸ضɡ
Ͼⲻʲôʵ飬˼Ҳȸ˲УǱ˼ҵĹ˵һӵĻ޹СͶԾ
ô⳥Щ˵ʧɡ
Ļ˵˵ϣɽǰˣҪԼ⣬Ӱڵ
λǺȸˣʲôǳǸٴΣϵرǸ⡣
Ҫڳϴ󣬲ηηӱܣǲˡ
Уλʧһֲǻһ¼¸λʧƷļǮ˫⳥
ԭֵ˫⳥ĸֵʱ򣬱ð

1019 ǮǮ

1019 ǮǮ
Ȼ仰Ҳˡ
һʱ䣬ɽǰǧĳţĩ֧ӣÿһ˶ֽʼ¼ǸƳɵʧ
ʮֻµĸһ
һͷڲ̵ĸţһ
໴Сһ£С˭
СҼҵĹЩеͷҼҹ˵һϵĻҼҹͶԾˡ
ƳǰѪҩ˵ĶΪЦŬıЦݣʱ¼
ãһ
һʱ䣬߸˶ڼ¼Ƴǰǵʧ
ӴСӶൽ٣еޣʲôѼ㹷ʲôʲô¥ջ˻ҪĩС檣ǵС檱ŵˡ
ִ˭˯ɵӣɱϾ˶࣬ٲвμٵɡ
ģ³̣κȺ߸űһһֵдţʱ˿̵ҪôĻں޾жôĻںޣһεĻᣬǾԲںôľˡ
Ȼκ߸Ҹһκдʲôųκȵλϼ¼Ƴǰյʧ
˵ʮǮ̻ҵĺӣڼʲôһ׼ȷķֱ˭˵˭û˵ѡ
磬ˣ
û¶ˣվ˾ϢһᣬѾԸ˸һЩʳ
ģˣҲԣ
³̱ʾ飬ҲҪԺóԵġ
ӣҪΪǴҼȺȴƣڵĳôԵģҭˣ
ųû˱ĩκ֮ÿһˣ˼ųһ٣һ˵ĻʵҲûˡ
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⻹꣬Ҫڽ⼸콫嵥еĶһһĴãĽ顣
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ʳУʳʳȻ㲻ʲôɽ亣ζڶһĽĵ˾˼ζ
һһİ¶ǣ˹˵ĺŴֱ࣬θůůģžû˹
վ˵ۣаô
֣һӣɫ֮£ǸֳһĨЦ⡣
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һ߳ŰӣһС񣬱Ͼ޺ڵϴϴҪˣ롣
˵أҴδʦһ
ʱĻ棬ұ֤ΪǼڴ󳯾ɲ˴󹦣ǽֲǳǳ׽Ƴǰյôˡ
˵ģĲ֪ʱʲô飬ԺҪٺȵˣ
ôƺںȾô
һᣬˣҧŰӺٺٵЦš
СãСһѡ
һʱ䣬˶ɽǰԼ³ȵҰɽСѾǰҹˡ
ϴһ£˴Ͻ硣
棬ڤеĽĲһʮֵǿЩϤ
ڽ˼Ӻζʱһ۵
ףѽһأ
Ŀɰúܣֻ׵Ľüͷŵڤ罥ֳһӰ
ǲӰе

ȵȡ
˪
ôˡ
뿪ڵʱΪ˲˷˪㽫˵£󷨷ӡ
һʱȥôãѲСһҪƿǶˣŸźţ
˼ˣ͵˫ۣʱѾ
ģʲôȥ
Ĵͷɢĳȥ׷ʲô¶
˷ӡ˪ĺߣΪ˱֤˷֣⽫˪֮أ÷ӡȥټ
˱٣֮ص˸ٵÿǼ֮⣬ûڴﾭˡ
ٺ٣Сˣ
ЦС̬ͽڿ˺ߵҫŹâ˪˳
˪ϵһ̣һһѵĻصڽĵĶߡ
һһ˳ŵײʼϵֱѺռ˪
⣬ڽĵϣҲڸոմ̽ͷ˪̡
˪ɫ˫ۿĵʱ򣬱׾ǴŽĵգĽס
ףף
ۡÿɰ
ԭǳӣͻϵһģһֻ˪ȫɫģ۹ҫʮֵҫۡ
ףף
ӣأ
ı˪̣ϲòˡ
иڽǰ˪ǹĻĸģ
ӦýأǽŮأ׿ûй
ķȥûп˪̵СѲŮ
ɴʱԺȴ˪֮ǰУ»ص̳峤֮λҲ˵˪Ǹġ
׸ʲôֺأ
ںߣ˪̵֡
жӰɣ̫Ҳ硣
ɣҲУ
ʲôأ
ˣ
Ժ׾ͽ죬һͿſק
ףף
ȡ˪ΪճֻܿڽĵĻȡů֪Լֽպ־
죬׸˵ڱǰҪȻǻ˴ע⣬ĳҷ㣡
İ׽̹Ŀھ˽ָ˽ָڵĿռС
˵ָж죬Ҹʺ棬ԣԱǰ£ĵڽָгɳͺá
뵽˴Ҳ׺͵Ŀġ
ǲ費֪ζ
ģӣӽ׾ͻŬǮõķõˮõĸ
ȻǸе̫磬Ϊ˶׳ɳŬǮ
鷿пһ飬ϼţҪιʥ޵ȵȣõĶǸֱҩݣԽϡԽã޵ĳɳ
֮ػѾһʱ֮ˣĽģ˺ǲ⡣
ģһ糿ȥʲôˣ
ٺ٣Ȼк¶ˣȳԣϴһȥͳƽһɽżϣ
ǻҪƳֵûȥ⳥ǵľ񣬲ڴ֮ǰҪȹ黹ƽ
ϴһԵİ£ڴڡ
ˣ

1020 Ҽֲ֪

1020 Ҽֲ֪
ţЦڴڡ
Ӽ
İݼ޺ۣ޺۲δὪġ
Ӱݼ
޺Ծûдġ
Ҳף޺۶ΪǰǴƳǵ
Ѿ֪ˣҺͱĩڼʱʧһ˵Ļɣ
ͰһĿĿ޺ۣһ˫֮д˰
գĵ޺̾һ
뿪֮ǰǧ׼Ⱦƣ⵹ãȱڽ仰㣬ǱƳǡ
ǣѾ̵֪˴󣬻ԭһذɣǱ֤Բ´Ρ
ĵЦʮֳϿңǰ˫־ųƽ黹޺ۡ
лĳƽյӽ黹
ţȥƳǵ飬ȺӢϵıҲ֪Ȼ˲ʣЩ̫Ϸǵ˶۷׷ף
޺˵ıȺӢľ֮ϣԼʯͷʽΡ
ڱ˿ʽʮֵķܣǲȺӢǧĴͳ
Ǿôˣҽȡ˵һ˷Ρ
ٺ٣ʱҲΣⲻǲ˺ôû뵽С˸һ
ĵһҲãȺӢһҲգݹ߹ʷδй˫ϵһֹ
˰ˣ鶼ѾȥˣκǼ飬뱾ϸ˵µôһ¡
ЩĲδ˵Ȼ˵ڵ̽ѾϸһЩϸڣܾɽԲϡ
֪ʲô
ɽĴ˾Ϊ󳯾ɲĴ˾Ϊһ˲ǿ󣡡
ǿ󵽼֮ڶܸоõ˿־ħ
û˵ô
ޣֻ˵һЩ½ŷӡɶɽϵ顣
޺Ҫ˽ǸΪϸľպܷΣգҲʩ
Ŷɽʵ뱨үŮĶӣŮĺүɻ飬ɽͲˬǰеңܱ֪Ϊλڤķ϶С
ĸ޺˵ŹɽϸӶǰү鿪ʼ˵𣬵ɽɵģټǧʬа󷨡
ֱɽȫȫħ½ռݡ
׵Ļ˵½ںܾǰͳΪħ޳Ȼ׺͵ڤұӡУɽԸ꣬оϹħĳʹ÷ӡɶԲŻ֮鷢
˵ʩ˷ħ󷨣ټ֮顣
ħ󷨣
ԣƳĸ汾ķħ󷨣бף
Ĳħ󷨻ᱻ֪֮󷽷ĸ޺ʹ÷ħ󷨣Լʩ˷ħ֮׻
Ҫûб飬ӾиˣҪǰƳȥƳǰǵ
ã°ɣ
޺ۿŽʧеӰʲôâΧţǹǿ󣬵޷׽
ʲô
һߣ뿪ڴĽǰɽǰʱ˿̵ɽǰ³̵˵֮⣬ųˡ
ңΪȡ
Ҫְֳ𣡡
һεЦš
أǸ¼ͼල֪ȫȫ⳥еʧλá
ĩ˶Ƴɵʧ˵Ӵݡ
ǮжôصʧǵΧ֮Ƴǡ
ʮˣÿ˷Ϊһ飬ĸ򣬶һ鸺Ʒ
ĩ߸˼ų˻ֳΪ飬κȺųԭأ
һκȣȻȵִ߽Ǹôųʮֳɫ˵ϵһЩСС
һ顣
˵űҪŽϳȥһǰ˽ġ
³Ҳǰ赲׷ȥĽŲ
֣һ飬ԶƳǲǺϤ
³ЦţԺʺʱĳߣŶűȥ
ĩ˲ɵӣǰ;񿴽ĵֱһɶ
ߣ
ǱĩĴײˣ졣
˵ˣ˸ڵĺܣȻΪʮҵļ̳ˣ˧Ҳ׼
֪ҵ˸ļƻӶࡣ

1021 ˾ְ

1021   ˾ְ
ʮ˾ְÿһ߹εĽɫǲһġ
ͺñңҵ˿˵˲űڱʲôز߹ĳ͢ƴҪҵԼҵĳá
ô˵ɣֻҪҵҪ㣬Բ֪£ϳ׵׵ʧҵ˵
żʮΪһ壬ƿ߹ľˣҲ׺˵Ĵڡ
ؼңżңīҵȵȶˣиľ֮ԣʮ໥ϾǰҲ໥ƺţγڿƽ͵ľ档
뽪˵ʮĽȥȻǺͺģ󳯾ɲֵʱʮŽһ¶⡣
ʵϣû󳯾ɲвʮìҲǳ顣
Ǿ仰ʱ֤һУȻżؼҽϺãһʵϵ⣬ʮԷΪȡ
˵Щ߽ģСӾԲǿȥô򵥣εҽڿģȻǿ˽Ͽõơ
һ˲⣬ˡ
˵ˣδļ̳ˣ˼ǸȻС
ԺСŵ
֪ˣȻңû˵ôӣ˵ˣִ򲻹ң
ʾģڵΪƥеĶ֣һ㣬˳֮Ʒ
˵Ļɷϣһּթ꣬Լ۹⣬Ȼѣ
Ҳ֪룬㲻ȥȰ˵һϾж֮ô˵Ҳľһ£ⱻСƽȥ
ͽĳΪһ飬ڱǵķʼֲǰϷµĹ
һϵĶƳǰǵʧ
ǻĻģ֮Ƴǰǵ⳥
ˣ
ţһϴүźŶˣڿ֮ʱҲ˶Ŀġ
ϴүļֻ
ߺߣ⻹񻰣
ϴүֻµĸ˻УὪˣת԰ӡ
㽪ҪһˮҲš
ε̾һ໥˱˴һۣ˭Ǿƺµ󣬸Ͻ⳥ƷϽصڰɡ
һʱ䣬Ӱһֱ˰ҹĩ߸ųİǽеĶȫˡ
۵̱ڵϣһûˡ
л֣֣ʱųλԷ
ƾɶңǷǵôǸǵģ
ų˽һۣЩǮǲǡ
ֵʱҪǳԷĻ֮¥Сۣ˵ˣ׼ںȾ¶
˵֮գҲԳ¥úõľһۣǰǲ׼Ⱦơ
֪ĩ߸˺Ⱦ֮״ֵ̬ҰôѹҲק
ǿɲھڶˡ
úúãȾƲȾƣҪʲô
ֻҪ͵ģԣ
һ˫ЦµģЦᣬֻ̱ڵϸûеЦΪΡ
࣡
һߴﹾ֮䣬˲䣬Ӧһ˵ĶҲʼ˹ġ
ҸضԷɣúõĻȥ˯һλĴ¾͵ȵ֮Ǳĩڱˣ
ûκ˼ȥ˵ĻľǺһһѼԱ֮ڴ˯һȥᡣ
С̯λϴүӰͿЩææģȻ֪Щ˶˴ʧĵӣϾǺӡ
̯֮ǰЩ˳ԡ
԰ɣȻʲôɽ亣ζҲܳһš
ϴүүү
³̺޲ñϴүһڣ˹İ̽˶ûζѾ˵׶
ϴүû
³̣˶ûгԱһСС˼ζóԵᰡ
ߵʱųӻͳһƱûһƱϴү̯λǰ
ų翪˵һƱһ㻨Ǯѣɶϴү˵ЩƱǼٱӶ׬֡
̯ϴүſˮʮ뿪֮ҲԼǮһƱǷʵڡ
صڣͽǰڴȥ޺۽մʱĽ̡
ڴϣһǷһǷͣỨı˿˺òۡ
Ѿˣȸˣ
ʵǳŲסˣĽ嵥޺ۣڵõ׼֮ת뿪ڴ
ʱڴֻʣ޺ۺʦͽˡ
ʦ飬ͽҲиˣ
ΪʦЩҪ˵һ
޺ǰߣһӣƽʦͽ֮䡣
ѳƽΪʦҽܡ
ʦ
޺ʲô˼ƽʲôˣʦȻƽ
ΪʦҪչʱ䲻κ飬ҩҴڴСΪΪʦŵӿɳڴ֮ڣϰΪʦķŲα
޺˵һڵΪѾ𾳵ƿ״̬һ飬԰ĵĲԲ
뿪ʱڣҪһ顣
Щ鶼ΪʦԼΪ֮ԣ޷ĵطȥѾӦΪʦ̵֮
ʦģһ̻壬ʦһȥչҪõʱ䣿
Ϊҵļ̳ˣȻ֪ǸԤԵ飬㸸׺ʦûжԼԤ֮£ƾŲ²Լķĸĸĳ֣ԤеŮɾǽˡ
Ҳ֪³꣬Ϊʦվһ֮ǰء
˵һʱ޺۰˫иֳһĨ֮ɫ
Ƿ̤֮򣬶Ҫһ쵽֮ǰأֹֻ
޺۽һЩ飬㿪ʼչˡ
һдСҩ˴ͣһ鷳ҩҲǿǿӦ¶
ϾβϲҲ˼ļңȻῴ֮С
չصᴫ߹½ʱ򣬵ʱ򣬱ȻһЩԲɳ޺۲ڵơ
˵ҳڴ֮λҲںܴĳ̶֮ˡ
һߣѾĽĲ֪Ү޺Ƿչأʱ˿̵ڤУںʹһϷš
ӣôҵڤ磿
Ҳ֪ҾףףȻѰ׵Ϣ

1022 ô

1022  ô
˪Ҳ֪ԼôڽĵڤУڽָһµĺܣ׵ģһ˫۵ʱ򣬾ͳ׵ˡ
ԭˣӣ˵ΪҪֱǻƽ˪ڤǸ
ĺǺ飬񻰹У䴫˵ļ֮УеҲһ
񣬽ĵ֪ҲǷģ
岻ղ˵Ǽ֣ƽ˪ڤΪǿ󣬳ư塣
ңѾɢ˪֮ǰ˵һЩϢΪ޴սڲìܼӾ磬ڻƽڤ֣һ峤˪Ⱥ˪ŻŻڵûӵ֮С
֮ڳз֣ټ˵Ǽ飬Ӧþȥ޴½ʱ֮䷢ǳս˪СڣҳԼǰ
סҲ֪һһ𣡡
ССȫ¶˸ҫ۵ĹâȻ̬ǺС
ң˵һԴһ̿ʼ۾ĵһ˾ǽģһŲ֪
Ŷôˣ
ЦЦ⣬¿ǰ˲ٵ졣
ӣ㷢ûУ飬ôôˣ
ոճʱֻһֱ۳̣żյĹ⾰ͳúһĲˣҪڹһʱ䣬ǱȻȻĴڰ
Ҫȥôò׵õһӣɲˡ
ա
ĽĻ𼱻ǵǰ壬ֻҩҩ壬˵ǰڴ
ڴ
ҩүү鷳ôôȥڴˣ
ڵӵĿУĵ֪ҩǰڴĿıΡ
ڳ˼ҪĳϣҩԼ֮⣬˻϶֪޺۱չصϢ
ң޺۱չ֮󣬽λýҩڣһЩ֮Ҳ
ڴ⣬εҩһϴ˯˯һеҽѹûܴеһڵӡ
ЩӶΪӢ֮УҲϰЩͷĺĳԱ
ǽģЩոսһ⾰ûʸڴεģҪͨѡ֮󣬲ʸ̤ڴΡ
ЩνڵʲôݣĲġ
ڣζνˣҲǡô˹
ǽˣǻȥóԳԸúȺȣһܵαô磬֪˼岻ô
ǣӽ̻壡
һھӢĵǷ׷뿪ڴһߵʱͣ˽ŲųǰģǸֳһĨЦ⡣
ʦܣʦֺڴѡм档
£˵˽ԶȥʧڽĵУʱŹǷҲ˽ࡣ
ģСӸ˵ɶˣ
˵ڴѡкҼ棬ʦǸ˭
Īһڵĵӣ츳ѵΪ˺Ǹ߰ٺ˵
ĪһݣҰ
ôûЩˣȷȺڵĵô
ⶼڿһʱˣôȺôİ
ȻڵĵˣҪȻΪھȺյĻô
ĽŹĪһ˵Ĵڡ
ʵΪǰɽͺɽĵڵǰɽרŸãΪߣ罪һ㵽۵ΪҲˡ
һڴʱ䣬Ϊһĵ㣬ʸɽ
СѾͷΪʦû㣬ΪܸߣɽЩ̬ΪҲ͡
ôһ˵ԽڴɽЩʦֱһˡ
Ȼ֪ϵıʲô˼
żȴѡʱǾͼˣɶ¶ô˰Ҳڴôˣ
Ŷˣˣ
ЩǸˣ
֪ôô
˵˪ˡ
ĵ˵ͷصҩүүһԣһڵϡ
ǰȥμȺӢôȻͰ˪֮صĺߣȻʱͲൽһһ糿ȥһǲôţ
ĵıأ˵һ˸
˪ȻһÿƯˣ
˵Ź˪飬ҩһΪĸе˵Ҳͬʱеǡ
ѾͷޣʱΪʦǾ仰֮ⲻ׼֪˪̣̳ԱĽ׶Ρ
òһξŽԡ
ȣȻ˵ĵΪѾ۵Ϊ߹½ϲߵĴڣ˭Ҳ֪ڰеĸж١
ߣǴ˵еޣ֮˿˶ᶫȱľɱԽĹĵĸĸ񣬿˭ұ֤ἴʹߡ
סΪʦĻô
ţİʦûԱ֮ǰǾԲ˵ȥģʦҩүү֪ôô
ԣֻصķϡ
ɳٶȺܿ죬ָĵرҲ㹻һʱ䣬Щҩݶô죿
ôҪȥݿһʲôҲ˵׼
壿Ԫʦô
ĿļǵñĩԪʦ֮Ĺڡ
һһԲִ˵ĻǴְԪʦˣ׿ϻȥô
İɣԪʦ뿪ڣ׿ϿǺĶ籦ء
ʾ⽪ķĴ󵨵ȥݾͿˣɶ¶Ļš
ǺãҾȥˣʦҩүүæ
壬ڱĩ˵Ĵڡ
ΪһǰܾĥѣһĻĻصǰ
ǰˡ
ǰĵӶڱĩĵӶǲӣ񣬽ߵϵĵӶԶÿһ·
ʲôѱĩ˴ˡ
˵ĲǱˣų硣
ųɽ׼ȥҰɽȣֵһЩˮⲻҪ͹ȥոɽ˽ġ
ﶼɶź㣡
ֱų籧ŵֽӣӳι״ҧһȴǴޱ֭
ϴôץɶǸǼȳԵġ
ųüͷһǿһĽһӡ
Щӿɶ˴Ǯģ֮⣬˶ԡ

1023 ϲλ

1023 ϲλ
СӣȿǱĩĴײˣҪײҲͬ⡣
ҧһˮһų籧ŵֽ
ߣĸ˶ŮôҲûá
ųģжôćNɪĵĵﶼŮȺ쵰иƨá
ңŲСүŪ㣡
ųһ̣һֽˮֽܵӰ٣ֻʣųںͣ
˶ӣ
һߣһֽˮҵλɽݡ
ҵ죬֮ŵĵط
֮ӳĳ鼮
ĵ鼮֮뿴ӦоС
˰죬һŵҵҪҵ顣

ϯض˸鼮ϵĺҳṳ̂Ƭ
ⱾǼ޵֣бй顣
Ƴ˽֮⣬˶ὫⱾ鵱񻰹Դ
鼮ԣΪʮ壬Ϊǿıǻƽ˪ڤЩϢ֪Ĳ޳롣
壬滹ȸ׻ȵޣط˹ļأƪ¡
ֻһƪ˵ҩιȻõĶĪ굤
굤˼壬ȥ֮γɵӣ굤֮⣬ᱻκԣһĸĸ֮󣬶ὫԼɵԼӵ֮С
ҲֹʱƣѾʧǵļУֻڴ˵棬ûĴڡ
ңҲʮö굤ʮö굤ö䲻ʷأΨö굤ֹ֮С
ΪУҪȥҪǰ֮ɡ
ģ
ҵ˽ģǿ˺þá
ôˡ
˻УĲĿǲǳʲô¶
¶Ӻʽ

ʲô¶Ҫǡ
˻ص壬ĩ߸˾ڴˣҩүү˿վԼǰ߸ӣջڡ
ҲҪһ顣
ɶ¶
žһһƴ³̵Դϡ
ܲʦѻ˵ڲ죬ëʲôʱܸĵ
˵³̱죬ŭԡ
һᣬǵıֺΪʦ⣬ԣһΪʦԸǱѡ
ѡʦɶѡ
³ûԵĿڴ˵ĻȻһαһơ
ҴҴ˻ôɵӣʱ㣬ĺģߣ
˵ʲô
ûûʲô
³Сֹţһ۾ĳ˲ˡ
ŵڵûʸڼϢȥѡǸεһ
ϸ˵ŹѡһЩϸڡ
ΪѡڵĵӶԲμӵһϿѡΡ
ѡǿƲμӣҪμ˿Աμǿԡ
ǣֻҪͨѡȡһΣԽںɽϰ
Ҫ֪ںɽԴǰɽܱġ
ɽ
ԣɽֻΪһ̶ȣͨڴĵӷʸںɽô˵ɣ
ֱǰ߸С˶ĸҲ֪ԼǲһЩĻ߸쵰ѡ
ɽѡڵӣһʼĴڣеĵ˫ޣǵΪȻȴֻǵޣǲ𡣡
ʦСǡ
³̾ӣǰһߵǰ
ѡôǺɽôʲô
³̣ǽҲĻ˶־
ԽҪȥɽһȺŵʲôĴڡ
˫ޣҲԣ
ɣΪʦǱˣһ֮ͿҲμѡˣһʱ棬Ҫ뿪С
սĿġ
һҪˣѾ߸˱ѡ
뿪ȥ
ô˵úûƵģ
ʱʱ޿̶С
Ϊʦ˵ĻǸȥУԴӽڿʼ߸˶ͬͬ¶һеΪʦַ񣬵ΪʦҪÿһ˶ҪУһʱԲ»صڲμѡ
һһ˵ҸˣǵвΣһȥǿһ̬
˵һӱĩڿʼ߸۷ʲô鶼һеһ
鼴ĽԼʱͬ顣
ǣվҪѧΣգ˭ҲԶԶκ˵ߡ
Ϊ˵ʦĲ׽߸˵ĹԣԲŻ˵
һʱ䣬Ϊʦһʱһ֮صڣΪʦڴǵı֡
Ѿ˵˸˵ģʣµľǱĩ߸˵뷨
ĳĬƬ̧̣
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ԡ
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1026 в
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1027 Ҿ

1027  Ҿ
ʵҲǴҿܴһԭΪڰشСĽһЩȽϺá
ڴʱһԶֻԶİϵˡ

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ʲôСϵ㾹ȻҪȥҪ֪ղȺɶģΣյĺܡ
ΪˣҲź½ѯһ¹飬֪½ɷ֪һ
ĵĻ½˼Ƭ̣ԴҲ֪ô˵
֪ҲǺܶ࣬˶˵ҪȥĻҪ㵽ͨ뺣Ϊʲôģȵᵺٰ֮ʱǡ
ǾͶл½ˡ
֮еĺϣΪнĵĴڣûз̫Σգڴ׼·һСʱȴһưܵĴ󴬡
ϵһںǽмҵĽսΪ׵˸ǵһֻξ޴ĺ߹֡
ⲻǶ֮Ĵôôôط֣СҪҪȣ
ҳߴȻʶ֮ҵĴֻҲʱһ棬뺣߹ֽս·Ƕ֮
ˣǺô࣬ԸǿǾȲ˷ǵ
ϵһʾ⽪ıȥˣ˵һһ˲ɷԼɾͲֵˡ
ҰһۣߵߣƺЩŽĳ
Сӣ֮Ϊ˺ƣְЩ˲¶⣬ǰСҪȥȥĻҪͨ뺵ģһͨ뺱ǻǩ
ԣҵ˼Ѿˡ
ܾ¶֮Ļ֮ͨеһŲϴ֮㵽ˡ
˺鷳ģ
̾һм֮⣬һӣϵӰѾʧڼϢĹ򣬽ıưܵĴϣǿ̬նɱ֡
һߣ޴ĺ߹͵ɨββۿҪǧһ֮ʣҪܾ޴ʹȻ㿪һ
ˣȻҴӱү¾ˣ
·ˡ
ں߹ּŪʱ¡
վƴļװϣӿӶļװ岻ϵˮۿžҪ뺣֮С
ȥҴʱܣ𵫰¶

˱мĵľֻ֮⻰ôԽԽŤ
лСӾ֮ǡ
֮ҽˣҾġ
ֱ׵˵Լ֮ԾģʲôҪ߹֮˵
ҲȥҴϴŰɣ
Ĳһں߹ǰǰȻš
ӳô
βΣС޻뽫үȥô

1028 ߵĺ߹

1028 ߵĺ߹
߹һ֣Ȼǳʲô¶ġ
Ȼľͺá
굤ʲôط
ź߹굤ʲôط
һ֮ĿľǰѰ굤ιӣʱֳָ࣬ʳܿͲˣҪҵ굤źá
ϼأö굤ֻҪҵ굤Ӿܸõ³ˡ
굤һССҪ굤ʲô굤Ҳ˳ô
ô˵֪굤ʲôطô
ü΢΢һ壬ķЦǰĺ߹֡
ȻǾͺðˡ
˭֪߹ӣǽһ
֪Σ֪Σ谭˱үȥɱ˶֮үһˣ
˵ʱʱ죬߹һԾŽϮſѪڱҧ˹ȥ
Ǳ߹ҧˣǺ롣
СϵܣСģ
½ҪȥˣˣԼȥֻң⺣߹ֶƽˣСϵôһվԭء
ۿź߹ֵѪڼѽ븹Уں߹뽪һһ֮ľֻа벽֮ңʱ򣬽һ˺߹ֵԴϡ
һž޴˻ϵܷӿţֻ߹ֱһڼװϣҴ͸˼װ׹亣С
Ҫ֪ĵпǾۼ۵߹ֹȻǿ󣬿۵Ǹ߳߹ֲ֪ȼټϺ߹УŻһĻ
ڱһηֲ嶫ĺ߹˵һϮ˫иӭŹڼװ֮ϣһĿ̲꣬סҪֽкá
һΣ굤ʲôط
Ըֲֻ֣һ֣Ǵ
ʲôʱʲôʱ֡
࣬ȻҴ򱾴үԴ
֪Ǳһƴ˻ôţ߹ָûʶԼǰСС֮Ĳ𣬸մӺ渡ֳӰſѪڳŽĳ˹ȥ
һĵڶƻں߹ֵԴϡ
һΣ׹亣еĺ߹ֺһûи֪
ǣ˶һʱ򣬴Ӻ͵شܳ˺߹ֵӰ޴ĺ߹ֽ֧Ĵ󴬶ۿվڼװϵĽľҪ˦ɳȥ
𣡡
߹ŭһ͵һ󴬱˦˼ʮԶֻϧĸڴϣһ˺߹ֵϡ
˵ûᣬ׽̹ңܶ־ԲƱơ
ʵһʼľûŹҪԼĺ߹֣Ҫʳ굤ѣֻһﲻϧ
Ƽȵ˺߹ֵߴ߹κĻᡣ
ǰֻξ޴ĺ߹һһĳ˺УֱӰһΣ߹ֲڸԶԶ
ߣ۾εķģһƤƤϺNɪʲô⡣
֣ǲͷĿһʧеĺ߹֡
˵۾ˣ˪ӣһ߹ֶѣ֪ʱ
˺߹֣һϺзĺǽģһټ
ص˴ϣڸ˵ʿǰ˿ڣ½һϴæ˹
Сϵû˰ɣ̫ˣϸˣղǼ˧ƾͽ˺߹֡
½Խĵĳһ㣬ǿǺ߹ְ֮ʿǶ仨ˮСϵоͽôӴĺ
Ҳ֪Сϵͽ
¶֮𡣡
˭֮ĸ֣ǰ겻ʮģΪȴ˵ľֻܽ߹֣ҲҲޣο˵ᡣ
һ־ηĳƺ˼ַе̬Ǵĵмĵľ֮
ˣҲǸ·Ҳ˵ˣžģȽ⡣
ԾǷǳֱ׵ĺ˵һеϵСǱ˳ƺΪоͦˬġ
ΪȻͣ߹½ֺܱ֮࣬ΪĶǸڣ˽浱ȻһССĹˡ
˵õģϵɽ»𺣶岻ݴǡ
ûбôֱ׵̬ŵĲϲ֮ǾˬԸ
ҲûôˣҪȥ˵ȥҪõͨ뺣һűǻУԻͷи㡣
ôһ˵Ҳôһ¶ˡ
ģҵͨ뺴ȥ֮˫ַϣֻһͨ뺻ҪǰȡǻҲ޷Ԥ
ǰҪͨ뺣һڻңһűӶᡣ
Ӷһʮر֯ڵʷ׷ݵ֮ڵ궫֮һαӶһλ᳤ͬķӡҪûҺӶͨ뺲ſн
ȻĻܵķɡ
ǰһʱĻԺɵõͨ˫ַֻʱ䷢һЩ飬غ˻ҺӶĹϵ
˵ֽ׶λҺӶĹϵʮֽţӣ˵
ûϵһӶͨԼȥŪͳˣҵͨ뺾鷳ˡ
֪ôŪͨ뺾ͺ˵ˣֻҪȥʳ굤佫ߡߣ֮߻ʵԶ˭˭
ʦ˵ˣʲôڶأ˾ȥڱɡ
ա
нᵺסᵺһҪճ衣
ᵺĿջһϢʮŨϥڵϣһߺĻ裬һ߳ᵺеĸ㡣
СϵܣǶûԹˣ
½Ƚ곤һЩҲûнĳԵĶࡣ
һһ̵ĿӶӣʵĺôСС˶ôĶȥˡ
óѽ
ĺóԣ壬еڿڳ֮У˵Ļ䡣
Ҫǻ³ҲڵĻܰҿջĸʦԿˡ
ˣ˵ǸʲôӶͨҪôŪţ

ĵĻεЦţղ˵ô໰һֶûȥ
Ӷͨ뺲ȻңҪǵͨ뺱ҪΪĳԱɣΪĳԱҪȥ˹񣬲Ҷɡ
ֻ֮Ӷ˲õͨ뺣ˣĴȥɡ
е鷳ô
šӦǲܡ
Цҡҡͷ
ȻΪӶĻ᳤ǸԸǿˣΪȻܰɵĽġ
ĻѾˣһǸ߽ĲǿӲ̬ȣ˵һӶλ᳤ƷΡ

1029 Ů

1029 Ů
˵Ҫõͨ뺣򲻿ɲȡǿӲ̬ȡ
֪֪ˣһһˣ
鷳ߵͨǲ÷ˡ
ˣһҪ㣬֪֮һֽСʲôšֲôԣ
عųˣд¶ˡ
֪ԼҪǰ֮ʱһ¶
֮һֺϡеֲ˵ڻʱһŮڳſĸҥһ㣬нŮ
˵˿Ůôֻ֪֪ΪҪŮ
һ֮У
뿪ڵʱҲֻ˵˹飬ϢҲһŲ֪鼮ϼصЩ֮⣬ֻǰԼӶ֮ʱժ
飬ƺŮ򵥡
ôѲժô
ҲȻֻĵطıԵشټ֮Ļں̣ܶǱõĻʧȥҩԣټĶΣգԺԸȥժ
˵һ֮Ҳҵҩ̳һΪժĹΣ쳣ϾıԵشһСıʲôĴ練ɶҲΪ֮һħֵʳ
ΪıǳĿ̣һ뿪˱壬ʱ֮ʧȥеЧá
ԣĹЧǿҲðΣûһѾʧЧ˵
Ҳ˵ˣ˵ǰһʱǰԵȥժȫûˡ
½Ҳ飬Ҿͷǰá
ʲôĴˣҪΪҩΪ˱Ŵ֮һǰ˭֪ɵʱĽңħȺӵ˳ټϵʱƵǼ˶ںס
ô˵ıԵˡ
ĵ˵ͷĵַȵǰʱ򣬾ͿԲժ
ڱҲ뵣ģϾнָ㴢κζ
ᵺһϣ˵ڶ˴ǰ֮
Ƕ֮ΪҪĵ죬൱½߹Ĺ׶
һ·ϵĺƽǣҲ֮󵽴
ò˵Ϊֱ˼ãľȵ߹κһ
Ϊֿ֮뽪ǰʹסһʱ䣬ĸܾˡ
л⣬ֻԣϲסڿջȽϺá
ڽİٰƴ֮Ҳǿѡ
ǺãѾ׼õĿջ𾡹סͺãȵҴһ飬㽫ͨ˫ַϡ
ǵýĵȻڴ󣬺͸˵ϷһУȻͨ͵С
ã
İŵĿջõĿջû֮һ
װʲôȻܶݻͶݻңɳȥѾͿջƹĴкƹźһдŽġ
ڿǸɵʱ򣬺޲ðԼҵŮ޸
Сߣ
ƹ·ŽջĶŶСԺ
СԺװޱһ񣬷һ֣ݣ
СӣʲôҪĻܷԸ
ˣ
´ջװޣֻ˵ҪûǮûȨĻ޷̤ջһ
ƹһ·Ŀ˽פջĿҪôΪǿ֮ˣҪôǼҲ֮ˣҪôȨ֮ˡ
֪Ҫûȴ˸кĻǮ
˵ˡҲ᲻ûôļǮסôĿջ
Сӣ緹Ѿ׼ˣƬ֮ŮСӻʲôҪô
СĻͱˣһһЩѼˣҪ͵Ѽ
ǽĲܿջϰĺ⣬ԴӾԣԴӽ붫֮֮Ƕٶٻʳ涼벻ʡ
Ȼҵղںʿ־Ľ˵Ѿ뺣йصκζ
ѼСȷҪֶô
Ѽϲ˵¾ĶȻ֤һѪҪһµ˳Ե⣬һʱǿջҲҲʲôѼ
ҪûѼĻС̲ҲУǸʲôľͱˣʱˣ
ڿĻĲұ֤Լ³
֪ᵺһЩˣҲڴİɸ㶼ˣڰڲ
õСӣ͸׼ȥ
ȻջûнҪЩһĹ֮Ū͵ѼС̲˺һɰĴࡣ
СӣʳбķԸô
ƹ⵹ǵһμջЩĿˣô˵ǰСҲǧҪúдɵĹ͡
һƹģפӶᣬӦôǣȥô
´ʱ½ǰӶᱨ񣬱ϾһЩǮڿĵ֮½Ҳ֪ôһҪһ̬ڽķֵǰӶᡣ
ıҲֱӶᣬκ̫ˡ
ҲգϾҵͨ뺻Ҫ֣Ҳþܾ˱˵ĺ⡣
Ӷᰡð죡СֻҪǰӶᣬڹǰһʾƣҽԲɣͿԻýӶʸˡ
˽֪ģĵȻҲ֪ҪʵǸһЩ顣
ͨأҪβӶĻ᳤ǩͨ뺣ǰٷְٵ֡
еѰˡ
ջƹʶ㣬ȻҲʶӶĻ᳤
ΪԸֻ˴󹦵˲ſܵӶԼǩͨ뺡
Ҫ֪ͨ뺲ǰıƷ֮һҲǴһ
ʵҲһְ취ֻҪΪӶӶѶؼ֮󣬾ͿԻͨ뺣ֻؼѵԡ
԰ΪֹӶؼʮ
һʱ仹ûǸؼ񣿡
ſջϰ˵Ϣ΢΢üͷҪõӶͨ뺣ҪһĹ
Ϳջϰʱ򣬽Ѿһɰࡣ
СӣҪʲôȥ費Сı
ҪҪȥӶᡣ
ڣ뿪ջǰջϰ˵ĵӶᡣ
ܴҪǺһɫ̫ۣ·ˡ
һ仰˽Ĵʱ˿̵飬ɽô;ܾƹıĺ⡣
ʱʱ֮󣬽ڸɫȫ֮ǰӶǰ

1030 С

1030 С
һɫĽʮֵĻֺԼصĽ
ջϰ˵һӶǰһټĸʾƣʾ
ߵʾǰ棬ͷڸʾ嵥
һһŵİֺֽ˵ıڸʾϣȼҲĩ˵ıһֱ쵽صȡ
ֻصû˽ӣֽѾơ
СϹƣϽؼң
Ӷ˿ڸʾǰػ˺üȦͷ
С
һʮֱĵĿ⵱Сұϣ൱ˬ
ģҪӶᡣ
һ仰ɹ˼ӶӶ
´ŽģܱһС
㣿Ҳ൱ӶҲԼôϼҵܲһϽ߸Ͻߣˡ
ǣϽؼ׳ȥǴ˵¶СƨжԶԶ
ȺӶֻĽ˶˲ʸΪӶˣǰʮ곤࿡εСӣǹԹԻؼҶ׵ĻбȽϺá
ԣıˣ൱ӵ֡
ţмֲãĲδ˺˸ʾϵֽ
֮ټ
£ĲӶǵĳ뿪Ӷᡣ
صջѾǰҹˣջϰŽģڿƽ¹ʱ³һ
ҵСӰǻˣˡ

Ŀ˿ƹģʲôҵͨô
ĻصСԺʱֻһӵƷʳδӰ
أ
Ѿ˺һˣò˵Сȥˣ
ջϰ޲ýнڣСӵǺηʥջһĸԸϼʱߵʱһҪչ˺
аͲСӼλϹˡ
ŶȥһӶᣬû뵽ӶôԶ
һĨεЦ⸡ڴǣĲδ˵ԼͼӶ֮䷢顣
СȥʲôطܸСıɡ
֪ˡ
Ҳǳէزô˭뵽ӶῴͦģʵôԶ
ջϰ뿪֮󣬽ֽһԣ򵥵ϴڴ˯ˣʱѾǵڶˡ
أڴ˹֮ջһֱȵ𴲡
ſջϰ˵ȥӶ᣿
ˣӶļɵ˵㲻졣
Ľշ˵һҲ֪Ӷ֮ĹϵȽϽţû˵ʲô
ˣ񵥣
˺񵥡
ϵ񵥷ֱһȣһҵȺһ׵ȡ
Щɶɶ
ֵĻĶʶЩʮֿڵʲô
ҼԷݣɶ䷨ô
ѰҹҼԷݣַֿ֪ʲô˼Щֺ֮ʲô
ЩҩһЩ򵥵ҩݣʹУ׵ȵҪſɡ
Ⱥҵ񶼺ͲҩйأЩҩȻϡ棬ʹУԽ͸ġ
ֻ׵Ҫǰ˵ȥ׽һǧɽ
ʲôǧɽ񣬺ץô
ľôʱ˿̵ԼͺһͯһȻֻͯ΢ݴʣһʵĻǡ
ǧɽ񣬴Ӧһ࣬ɵǧɽʱȴͽеȫͬ
ΪǧɽʵһһôߣҹΣյֻȡǧɽ
ȻǧɽһʮΣյȫ¶Ǳ
ǧɽëǧɽѪҺǹͷʮҪļֵԣǧɽôΣգӶǰ׽ǧɽ񣬾
ʲôط
Ĵǰ׽ǧɽô
ЩǵĿŽģǻֻΣձ鲼˭Ҳ֪Ũ֮еĵ컹ʲôΣա
һҪȥҪȻôӶõͨ뺡
ҪӴ˽֮Ľ磬ڻûе׺͵ľأԻᱻӰ졣
Ҫõ굤ĻҪõͨͻƽ֮УҪȻʲôô
ѶѾǰ֪Լ޷Ȱ˵ҲֻͽǰĴ󴬡
Сģ֮ʣڻʹϯӷ硣
˵ҵͨ뺾Ͱˣ
󴬽뿪˸ۿڣĻֶݵĸ˸յ
вˣ󲿷ֶǰĿӦúͽĲ࣬׽ǧɽ
СһĺϺ֮һ̤ĺΧڡ
󴬿֮ʱ㱻һŨΧѿʮ֮
ͷλ´ǵһλֻһʱ䣬ʱ򡣡
Ǹ֣Σֻ֮ǽΧ֮ڣʣµһС·̾ҪӾǰˡ
ˮеټŵԱ򣬽ǵһֻܸһӾ
ϴүˣôΣյ¶
һӾһţϴүˣڼʱ⣬ôǰΣյĵطա
СͲ˰ɣϷʮˣϷȴŲ˵̬ҪҪһȣ˭εÿ죿
˵䣬߼ӿٶȣ׷ᡣ
ϢΪ뽪Ĳ£⻹̤붫֮һԼΪˡ
ߺͽĶ˷ֱ¼һһٻ࿴˶ԷһۣЦ
Ϸˣò䰡СޣСС;˵ΪԺǰ;
ү˵ЦˣΪôүǰŪ
ĵĻǿǰСҲԽϲʮ˳ۺԵ
С޵˻ϲɶˣĪҲѰǧɽ񣿡
԰ֽӶ˭֪˸׵ȵĿıǧɽ񣡡
ʼ磬ʵĿľΪһֱ˺񵥡
СôȤӶ񿴶˺㵱Լҵéֽ
үӱĶÿЦ
ôҪͺϷһôɱԽȱȽǣҲûиӦ
ã͹ˣȫָүչˣ

1031 

1031  
һƬŨҵΧš
˭Ҳ֪жֻ֪Σơ
ǰȫиĿĵģҪôΪ˵ҩݣҪôΪ˼ֵǵı
ֵǵı
仰ĽЩ⣬ʲô
԰Ͳ֪ɣഫܾúܾǰ֮ĸߴʱ˺ϣƬ򡣡
ܵϵĸ˱㱻ʱĸ֪Լʱ޶ˣԱ㽫ԼʮҴϵıضϡ
˵ʮҴϵıضǼֵǵıԿССӶϼļ۸񣬸һıˡ
ԣ֮󣬱Ѱߵ¼Ҫҵϵıأֻϧųɾŵ˶Ϊϵһ߰׹ǣȥ޻ء
ԭˣ
һˣֲôϵЩ˵ʲôص顣
ô㲻ģ
ŽĶЩضĲģĵ˵ͷȷرʾԼġ
ܲģʮҴıǶô޴һʲƸ˱ȽԣҵǮĻȻҪΪУҪҲ˵Լû˵һϵĿΪǧɽ񣬱𱦲˵Ҹǧɽ񵽵ʲôط
ǮǸöھǮܵģˣȻҲˡ
ɾ˵һһεĿıǸǧɽ
㵹ֱףĳЩ˵һһʵְº֡
ڽĺԼ̰ϱʾ൱ϲԽǿСԽ˳ۡ
أһΪɶҲǧɽôΪ˱أ
Ϸģô
ʵʵ˵Ŀĺܼ򵥣Ϊ棬ҪһһЩ˾ΪǮƺͱʲôֵ顣
ŰһͲȱǮ
˭Ĳѹ֪˼ƺΪϣ˶ѡ
Ǿ仰ϵΪͣԼǻϵĶ֡
СޣϵϢеڵĵӣ㲻Ƕ֮˰ɡ
ϺͽһתѰǧɽһŽĵ顣
ٺ٣ϺȻһ۾Ϳڵĵӡ
ЦţǽϺһĿޣ˼൱ãһȻı޲ȥ
ǣϷӶӵгȺǻ۵ˣһ۾óСΪڣڵ˴඼ޣĪǺѧģ
裿˵ǲʦ
ĴӻϿ˵е֣ƶϴӦþ
ʦϷ¶̵ĺ׼ȷû뵽ϲܽţ
ȻϺ죬ҿӦǷǳϤ֡
ϣʦʶˣУʦô
Ǵûʹʦʲôֻʦôš
ȻˣǵȥʱʦĴºţȫƽڵӣƾͽˡ
˵ŵǰʱ顣
һ緢꣬Զǰ߹½
ʱĸ׿Խ˭ע˵飬ʱ˴Ŵžͽ顣
ֻΪ֮һЩ飬뿪ڣһá
ôʦûкϷ򣿡
ǸûУ
ҡҡͷ
ʦˣǳúҩԼԷʱһʱæű顣
ͷӣϷŴеǰȥãϷһɶ
ĺͻ˵ʱ򣬲Զݵһɹһֱ
ɵΣգ˵챾Σ֮⣬ҪĳЩڰ֡
СһЩ
ţ
ֱĲľУͷͼ϶Ϳ˶Һ֪һУԵĻƼж
СޣܸܲоΧϢ
֣ʾ⽪ͣ½ŲϸĸеϢ
󷨣ǿ󷨣
ĲΧ˲һǿ󷨣쳣ֻҪ̤֮У롣
ͬеЩ֮УֵĴڡ
ӦǸ֡
ĻԼԼĿ֮мӰɿʧ˲
ԽǰУԽŨңֲָĵز
ССĵ㣬Χˡ
ҲǣΧ˻

1032 ǧɽ

1032  ǧɽ
Σա
֪ϢҪɱԽĶˣͬ
еʱصøһԣһһҪӱСġ
ϣǰôΣô
ֲָʧ˷
ĺͻ϶һһҵĿܣǿܷΣա
ǰ֪ԴϷʱӣ˵ܾǰɾסĵطͱҰ޳ȺΣ֮ء
ϾǴ˵ҲֻܴӴ˵еĹµõһЩõϢʷǶ֮ıҲ֪ͷ
Ϸ˵ԲĵһЩļء
˵Ǹʲôط
Ķ˽⣬һϵϢһ½Ϣĸħ鶼˿ഫģʵԲɿ
СôȤ
óĶֵҧЩŽΪ˸Ȥ顣
ϣһץǧɽҲΪܽ빤ȡʸ񣬻Ӷ᳤ǩͨ뺣ȻǰѰһֱ
ڻ϶ԣĲδκβ׵ĸо˵ϸĵĸоǰȫɿ
ҽԼֱ
ȥҪ֪ħеĵط˽ĸǰҪСĽȻΪͣɱϾ̫ᡣ
ŽҪȥʱ򣬻ϱֵʮ־ȡ
˵һһʮΣյĵط˽ĸֶȥ֮أοС޲ʮӣˣҪǰѰұ
Ϊ˿ˣôͽҲôĿ
ʵǿ񲻿⣬ǽıҪȥ⡣
˭֪ȥҪʲôͨ뺣֪Ļ׼Ҳ鷳һһˡ
Ȼˣһ뿪һУһĿҲҪǰѰұ˵Ļһ˵ҲǷˡ
ʲôĲδ߻ϡ
صĺܣȻѡе·ҲҪꡣ
Ϻͽ˵ŹһµʱпʼصһУĽ͸ǧֺ֮ƽһ㡣
ǧɽĽ
ǧɽĽÿʱǧɽ񶼻ᷢС
ߣϷ򣡡
ϺͽĶѰԴϷһֱǰš
˴Լʱ֮һɽ֮ϿһӰӡ
ӰȻģģȴܿȫò׶ߵȻȶų
ǧɽСģ
һѰס˽ģٶȶڶ˶һ̣һɫĻ緢ɫյĶ̼ճǻҽ
ǧɽ棬ɫĻܽ˲գһҪСĲǡ
ã
һжδ֪һĻˡ
ղŵɫ潦Լ·ϣǺ롣
һһһǰţڲݵǰ
ʱΧѾ˲ˣ׼Χǧɽ񣬽䲶׽
żЩ˶Ϊǧɽµ꣬ȵǧɽľ˾֮ڲ׽Ҳü
ү÷ḻľ߽ģЩãͺñȲ׽ǧɽ顣
Ȼ汳Ҫľֻǵȴʵʱ
һ仰˵벶ȸں󣬶Ҫľǲ׽ȸˡ
ȻһһĲǰǧɽȻǿ󣬵ղ˺սһӳֹ׽С
ϣҪҪϣ
żǧɽֻ̣һġ
ʾ⽪İǲ׽ǧɽֻ̣ǧɽһʮ̵ֻĶһκεΣգǧɽͻ᲻һеĸȡ
ȻڻµʱһΪ˶䱬ѿһ
ã
ֱץסģһ͵˾˶ϿŵѪһĻ
˵һץĲǧɽ̣̲ϵĺ£ǧɽٶȳ֣Ľʮˡ
ʮ˲䱻ɫĻջ˻ҽûκλֵء
СޣôǧɽɲǺǵġ
ô֪ɹɹأ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣղһսѾ۲쵽һЩõϢ
ϣվϲҪ
ʾ϶ϱһʩзħ֮ԻϻһЩãԻϵΪӦÿԳܵס
Ϊ
ȻʳΪʲôֻŨҵ˸һ׵磬ңһǿΧΧ
ˣĸоΧһֱڴЩϤ
꣡
ŵһ£ɵķħ󷨽ǧɽĳ̽У׵ĽУֻǧɽ񱻻еڵϻ鴤ͣ
ŲΪǧɽ񣬽ɿ˽ӡ˫֣ħҲ֮ȥ
ڷħŵһ˲䣬ϴȫµ·ͷðŰۡ
СޣǴϷô
һ죬涼ǰɫҪΪһ׵Ļͺֻǧɽ³һˡ
ٺ٣Ϊ֪һƽ£С׵ʲô£ڻǰʲôء
ǣҲϷ˭
һĵ׸˵ĻҲ׷ʲôˣЩղŽʩе䷨ôһ¶ŵ󷨿Էӡħаôһ¶
зħ󷨣֮İ汾ħ֮а䣬ҪϲĻһص֮дһݲ÷
ɣϷϲ޵ֱˬ뿪֮ϷҲҪȥ飬һ𣿡
ޣǶʮֳԣŻڵһʱ˽⵽ķʩеаħйϵȴΪ׵硣
ǧɽˣ԰вǮıʹ֮£ʹüҴ߰ǧɽ̧صϡ
ôȥҿأҵصĻɾһӳԴˡ
󴬺оԽԽԶ֮ҲԽԽ
վڴϣ˱ԵŽĶڱصĿǷġ
ҵԶȱҪˣ˵ˣҲЩӰҾû뿪ȽϺã
ҡҡͷشϵ⡣
һȻϲǮǸϧԭһʼΪϱżҪɱԽͬˣϴ֮ʣ޴˵Ĵڡ
Ǿֻһ˵żԴ֮ǰѾ֮ˡ
һĿľѰǧɽģǧɽѾҵˣûбҪȥʲôزˣлΪá

1033 Ҷ˦

1033 Ҷ˦
ϣҴ֮ҪҪһڣʦһܸ˵ġ
ɣʦǸСģڻǳء
ҡҡͷŲͽһأӴǲ˽ӡ
˰𿴱һɷǲʳ˼̻ģʵǸСӡ
ǳΪμǳ𣿡
ջԣʦͻʶܾˣǳԭΪΣ
ȥʱ򣬵ʱʦ׷ҶСҲܿóϷʦҪ硣κܶ࣬ҶǼ޸ϷΪޡ
˵ϵеĹâôҫˡ
ӵΪǱߣôҶѡΪӻʡ˺ööຢӡ
ʦΪʲôû˵飿
ʦҲҪ˵ǰѲ˵Ҷ˦ˣĻҲ̫ûˡ
ϴȤ˻
СޣӵͽϷҪһ£֣ǰҪСĽǰʱ䶯ˣΣ֡
ϲ˵˵ѣǰʱ䷢һЩ飬ҲΪˣĽŻ˹ʱʱִ֣˸ֺҡ
˺Ľʲôϵ˵֮ıӶĻ᳤Žô
˽⵽Ϣġ
Ͳ֪ˣ֮׺Ӷ᳤磬ֹЩ˽Уǹڲ磬ֹħӴܳ
ˣڲ˿ܣħǱӳ
Ŷԭˡ
ȥˣȥʲôһҪסˣ򲻿ɱ¶Լڵӵݡ
ǻҪ߽ĵ֮أǰ֮һҪԼݣĪҪκһħ֪ڵȵȡ
Ϊʲô
߹½ΪǿţԿħΪΣв鷸ΪķħڵͽȥģЩħֺ衣
ôһ˵ıˣô
лϣҼˣ
ںϺ˼֮ԭһ˻ʱֻʣ˶ѡ
ϣȾʹ˱ˣʲôĻȡջңûõ֮ͨǰҹƶġ
ɣϷҲȥһЩ˽£֮ȥջ㡣
ڸۿڣĺͻϷֱ𣬸ԴԵ顣
ǵյޣҲǽĽӣһһһСǧɽصջѾյСѾڿջǰҵҪҩݷϡ
ƽ£Ҿͷˡ
֪ΪΣԽĪĺøУǰԼҪһͷĿ꣬ĵ׵ĸоǲĸֶ
лۿʱҪȥ񣬵Ȼˮл
ã
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĿͽ뿪
ǣһװһһСǧɽʬ壬λҩڸʱսǰһӶᡣ
ҽˣǱȵҩݣҵȵҩݣǼ׵ȵǧɽһһ
ֱӽӶӴ˵ҽ񵥽˽Ӵˡ
ǽӴɵɵĿǰֻѾ˵ǧɽһյĹŻع
ϲλСӼӶᣬ룡
ʸӶᣬΪӶеһԱֻҪؼ񣬾ͿԵõͨ뺡
Ȼ鷳һЩ˵һƻ
С㣬ôˣȥ
ӶһͷŽģصߡ
ӶӶˣôܽ
˫ֶż¿űԼ߳һͷҪˡ
һʵĵ̣ŵıϻѪǳª
˱鲻ãôһײеŭǲһһԵ˿˵ʲôһȭŽĻ˹ȥ
Ϳ㻹ʸΪӶЦˣ
˵ʱʱ죬һȭнĵԴ
˿һĻ׷ױͷȥҿǰѪһĻ
һȭĻԴϣ³Ҳøˡ

Ҳǣ˭ãƫƫ˸ӶƢõɡ
û뵽ǣһȭԴϵһ̣꾹Ȼ׾ٵ㿪
ԿһȭɸŭգֱһԵкȥ
㣬ܴܲ¶㿪
һǰһĻ˾
Žȥʱ򣬽ֻǻ֣ĵʹװǽһ˶˳ȥ
ںܶûʱ㡣
ɳʱ򣬽ǿγһǽɵĹҷٶʮɣȴķ˽ɵ
һĶˣûκζķϲĽ
ҲװƣȻЧȫ
˵ɸ֪Լôģ˺ݺݵײǽϣǰת
ҽˣ
ɣָָʾߵһؼ񵥡
ʮ֮ڣնɱƽͨľͷߣȢߵ
Ľתȥֻ¹֮µһĨӰߵȻ
˭
֪ɿ۷޴ʦһһ۷ĴʦʵҪôĿֲ
Ѳʣ
ɣҲʮģ͵ʡ̫ܰɣ
ʲôܵģҴ˵ھһЩˣǱĩļѾ۷ʵĵزء
ʹɣ۷ʣ˵Ų
˶ԽĵݲŨҵĺģһ²Ǹ壬һ𰸡
صջѾϵˣڿջеţһֱŽĹ
ջϰһߺźŶˣһ治ͣʡ
׽СǺηʥ׵ˡ
ӶᷢЩ顣
û¶ϴЩ鷳Ѿҽѵˣһ
һˮ¶ǣŸ˲䱬
ȥᵺЩô
ֻᵺĸʦζĸ㣬óԣĺóԡ
Ҳֻ𰮳ԣҾͽʦ
Цᣬ仰ǱʦˣƿĶˡ
Ľ룬в
һǰʲôջô
ջǧɽ㲻㡣
ǺһھƳһ㣬ĺ˵Ϸ顣

1034 ΪŮ

1034  ΪŮ
˵ţ㾲ţվһźĿջϰҲ
ۿǺҹˣҪǽǿе뿪ƾͺͬˡ
ɶ¶ġ
Ǻãлع㣬ѾڻʹбϷһˡ
˵ټ߲ͣ
ǽˣ³һ
е֣ܲˣ
գĸո˵һ˭
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ĻǰȥһЩ˽õĶû뵽һͶſˡ
Ѿˡ
ɶ
ɶ
ôջʹϯΪӷϴ
ôһ˵ϵһĻ
˵ˣڴӦ˶ѣҪμʲôϯ
ɿǰһĻȥҲȥȥҲȥ
Ǹɶòôʲô񣿡
ϾҲǶ֮ı֮ϴΪڵĵӼ֮ıô˵ҲҪƷҪȻʦˡ
ã˱ɣ
ļ򵥵ϴһ֮󣬱ǰ֮Ļʹ
ȻбһĻʵûʲôӵйǧȨһ½صĹҪӴ
ǽľĻƶ֮Ҳ
һ·޻ʱ֮һʹǰ
Ƕ֮߹½ʹȨһҵ֣˻ֺݻ
֮ĻʹӵŲһĽƣ˵ݻлһ˿˿ûС
ȻĲ֪ԼǷȷˡ
Ͼ߹½ʹ֮Уϵ̵Ĳ޾ޣú֮࣬Ļʹϵ̵һͼڡ
Ļ˵ͼڶ֮еģҲһ
ഫںܾúܾǰʱĶ֮һƬçĻ룬Ǻ˴ǧ죬ķϢ
ԣЩͼڴźˣ
ţʥޱȣֻйܼ뺣񡣡
˵˵ţŽ˻ʹ
֮УڳǶѾȺ˶ʱ֮ıҲϣŽĲ֮С
Բۡôô
һâۼϣǸоͺ˶ŵĺһ˱Ťúܡ
ɽĻñһģܸڶ
ڵӽļ
һַԼಿλ΢΢бǶ֮еڣҲʱһӦ
ƽҶ𣬽ڼˡ
ʾ⽪ľŮ£࣬λܿһڳȻһڶ֮ĳҲܿĵһһ
֪ΣӦġ
ôһһʶȴδἰ
׵Ļýһ뿪λ˴롣
رĻĳ˴ǰ֮ΪУӣںָýĳ
һʼʱ򣬽ڶԼĳƺѡ
ƺԼƶɣֲǵˡ
ƺԼƶɮɣֲǺС
ƶɡҲԡ
ȥǳƺԼΪĳȽϺʡ
Ȼһñ׹Ц
ҶȣǸˣǸˣ
Ӷ֮
Ӷ֮
һڳǲϵظ׵ĻҲİЩ
ҪȻͻ׼һ±ơ
ΪĻǸеԺ
ԭ׼˵ҩ͸ףڿҲûɶҪˣ⼸仰Щ˸ˣҲʡһĵҩ
ﵱɼұɣ
л£
ɼң
ôɼҡ
ڼЬŽѾܣô
ĳʰζֻͬϯûصջѼС̲ȥ
ʱ򣬶׵Ļｫĵ˼صʵ
֪Сӽ󣬿ɷ䰡
رµĻĳһʮһŮ֮⣬Բδ䣡
ĵĻЦĸǿһӣֻһŮ˵С
ŮųȹǵԵ㽪ĶŮò̾ѡ
Ů裬˵˫ۣŮĿʱʱĿģŮӶӵĽ֮⡣
һգŮߵǰ
Ůʣ֣
ŮǶ֮鹫׵ŮãΪΪҫ۵誶
誶վȥ°ɣ
ǣʡ
誶ɫߺţߵ࣬ڽĵߡ
޵ŮҶ顣
¡
ľƱ誶
ŻһֱĺãһȻˡ
誶ܺůůŴŴģЩεεĹһǰᣬ֮ʮġ
ֻ֮ı׵ٶԲˣŮʩ˼ƽڶ֮
Ͼ뽪ǿָڶ֮Ļǽһаһ顣
ϯϣĺ誶ö˵ú죬ҲٵĻ֮⡣
ܿģϯĻŽ鷿ĿʲôȻ˵
׽дͨ뺽˽ģͨϵֲҪҪӡͨ뺵ϵӡʮָӡ
ڽӹͨ뺵һ̣ĸоӡŵҲΪŻ˺
𣬲֪誶Σ
ȻһŮӣǡ
ʵĻشš
˱ãԸȢ誶Ϊޡ
ȿȡȿȣ
ĸҪµĿˮ仰ŵǺԼһԵݹˮ˳һ
£ǧô˵
ô誶䲻ô
˵仰ʱ׵һĨ⸡ֶȻС
رµĻ罪ĳ˵һµĲò˫ĳҲϲȢΪޡ
ȷʾǲȢ誶ΪӵģԲܡ
ΪΣѵѾ֮ˣ
£ĳǾ仰ĳһŮ֮飬֮ԲȢΪޣǹԭ򣬶ҡ
Щ㲻ףΪʲô׷ҪԼȢŮȢˡ
ԭ򣡡
ͱˣ΢üͷһȷĴ𰸣ץԼˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ȢֻһǱң
˵䣬İγڷΣһͷںڵĳҲ֮ɢ
ΪŮӣô򵥡
𰸾һΪŮӡ

1035 ²Ϊ

1035 ²Ϊ
ȻѾ֪ԼˣԣҲûбҪԼŮˡ
֮аŮװ߽һЩȽϷ㣬ҲΪһ·ϰˣжҲȽ䡣
һͷںڵĳֱ£ķ۵Ц⣬ЦϷʵĳЦϵıԼȢǸ⡣
£¼õŮӣĳǸӵĻȻӭȢֻǣĳǸŮӡ
ҲףΪһԭΪԼΪټڵӵݣ԰ƽܶ飬ȡ
˵ʵĲ֤Լĵλ
Ǿ仰ŮӲӭȢ֮飬ߣҲڶ֮ģǾ仰ֻ˵ѡ
֪ǸŮӵʱ׺Ӷ˾ס˭Ҳû뵽Ϊǿ˾ȻǸŮ
ǱûбĻĳиˣ
£Ϊ˱ոΣĹִǱ
뿪鷿ʱ˹誶誶վ鷿Ҳ˽˵ԼŮݵ飬кʲô˲һ㡣
ǵʧеӰ誶΢΢̾Ϣš
ΪҵܹиһˣɵͷȴһЦ
ͽ뿪˻ʹһ·ϣĵԽᡣ
ȻŮӣһҵδ
ǲȥ롣
ôŮô
ҲֻŮҶЩȣҲ޷ع
мֻϲڵ֪Ĳӵһ˲䣬ԭΪԼԽڿҲˡ
ջ
ˣҪȥӶῴһ£͵ɡ
ҺӶ֮仹ĦһҲΪİȫǣһҲǲĸԼ
ãұ͵
ǣ
뿪˻ʹǰĵӶᡣ
ǰһνѵЩɿľͶԶԶġ
֪ԼǽĵĶ֣еĺ޲ýʬһ㡣
뱨Ȼʲ
ƻý֮أһߣѹûɣѯŹؼͷ߻ʵһЩϢ
ӶĽӴϸĺͽ˵һ¹ھͷ߻ʵ顣
һЩϢͽ˽Ĳ࣬Ӵ˵һЩõϢרԾͷ߻ʡ
С㹻ǮƵĻǰĺȥһҩۣҩ۶Ծͷ߻źܴҩЧڶݵ˲ԣֻô
ӴĻ˵˰˰䣬ŽҲ֪ҪҪʣµĻ˵ڡ
ֱ˵ǡ
ǳɣҾ˵ˣȥĺݶһˣСӵΪȻߣɺ֮ҲֵĴڣɱԽҲǳе顣
ӴԼбҪͽ˵׺еһЩ飬ϾôΪ˸ܼӶһʮش顣
ֻҪúõһ궨Ȼڶ֮߹½ˣʱӶͷ쳹ĺ
ֻչ꣬ĸǱⲻ˵ġ
˵һǰеĶһЩϼ޻Ǹˣɲô򵥵飬ɱ˶ᱦֱϡƽ
㽪СΪҲҪСźеˡ
вΣգҲҪĽǮ֧ţЩǮСӼұĳ𡣡
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Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ֱżұӶǰеĺС
Ϊ˱֤ܰȫĵУͽȥУҺͺеĶҹͷϴү˸顣
үӶɵӶп۽磬չŵ㡣
ϣСɶúүԵŰݲ򵥰
үĹͷϴүһƤϵݺύɣǸ켣ڽˣַϢʮŨҡ
ǺǣүͿЦˣСǸ֣⹤һˣҾͰСӽүչˡ
ӶĺүߵʱڽĶ˵˾仰˼ҪСĺеÿһˣһۣǶǮһ档
УǧҪԶʳ᲻ᱻ˶ֽš
֪˺ү
ЦţĿźүȥһڰĽ
ү˵þͷ߻ʶ񾭵ҩ۽ƣҩۻΪҲһЩ֮еҩƶɡ
ۻƲҪһ仨ֵԣܶԾͷ߻ʵҪҩʮֵ֡
Ȼ˵ͷ߻һʮǿޣ˲ɱʮ˵ʮӴԾвٵӶ͸֮͡
Сޣү˵Ҫƣ
ǣԸͷ߻ʡ
Ķ豭Ƿһڲˮڵʱ򣬽еĲˮ˳
һٶĹͷүǲá
ôǺеĲˮС޵θڣǾĲˮ¾䲻㡣
үĻԽĶԣΧҲ׷ӳ嵶˵һ䲻үĵĻ³ᱻࡣ
ڴ֮ǰүѾүҪչ˽ģ˭뵽үŤͰ¶֮Ժ
ϾѾ˺УӶһȺҪ鷳ôǺУǺеĶҡ
ͲӶΪһССַС
ү֮ôԭܼ򵥣ոڽĽʱѾ˶˼۸ҪСޡ
ǺУֻҪǮܵģʲôزصĶǷŹƨ
Ȼ֪һ㣬ˮϺᷳ
ҲĳΪڵӣҩҲϰҽһʱ䣬Ȼȵĳˮ֮Щҩ˵֮ܽأȴҲʧȥʶ
ĻؽеĲ豭һԣ΢΢һĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
֪үأ˵Ҫһүͼء
ֵʱүɫһ䣬ֹ֡
ڵӡ
ǣһǰҪѰƣ£ǳ˵ǰͷǺЩ˲֪ôĻҲˡ
ĵĻ˾вүҸ뾯档
ղԾʹ˰ֲ׷ǣһΣͱˡ

1036 ж

1036 ж
ˮ֮˼ҩݣͺͽ˵һЩҩݲ˻˯һһҹ
Ϊ˵Ļˡ
ǺǣСӼȻڵô˵ģڲ˸Ҷεģ
ڵ֪ĵڵ֮ү̬תˣһԵСֹƬ֮뿪˶¥ż䣬Ƭжһ˶Ĺ̺͸㡣
СһЩɶǺйϱõĸ㡣
лү
ɨһ۹̺͸̣һڿϸʣʶʱûڸֽš
СӣԶ֮⣬ô֮
үŽģһɸм֮飬ֲܾСϵ·ЩϤֲڵճŵĳ
˻ֻ֪кеļԱΪүڵ˺ơ
еһȺ˶Ƕ֮ĺ˶ᷳ˴ɱɱ׼ϴ֡
ѪȵһҪϴ̸װΪˣһȷѪꡣ
һºڷ֮ҹүһһ⵽˷ֻһεĵ˲ˣǳȺӵĺ֡
ʱ򣬼Ѿ
ɾǣһҴ󴬳˵ڣվϵİ䣬Ľһں֣ǵ
˸мڵӵľ֮ĬĬģڵ֮ǶߵӴ
ҲΪүڵ֪ڵ̬֮˾ҷԭ
һΪУ׼ǰ
ģĲ˵̫࣬ǵĿľҩ۵ġ
СҪǰ򲻵ðҲǴʱǰǱضǾһ
ˣҲҪǰ
űǰɣʱС˪ֳ˲٣ٲȥҵ굤ĻƴӾͻӪˣʱôѹʵ˪
С˵ľΪ°ΣСӾȻȻȻѡڴʱǰڵӣ
ԣүͽȫͬ
үȥΪ˿ͼ񣬿ɽȥĿľֻΪ굤
ңеһѾȥһС֣Ѿ˶֮ۿǰ֮һ֮ңʱǺ˵Ļһжǰ
ˣ粫һ
Ǻǣүˣ
ĲЦţǻүľ֮飬޲õǰڵϺͽİݰӡ
ǽ֮˱Ĳ˵ѪԵĺӣǰǸʮꡣ
۵ҩۣһεҩޣֻʮÿһһǧƽۡ
ʦ˵һҩ۵ļ۸һǧƽʱ򣬽۾ֱˡ
ôȥôһСҩ۾ȻһǧƽһǮҲʮƽ𣬱˵ҩˣװ𰡡
ʮȫҪˣ
ԥôŪǮʱһһڱҪʮƷۡ
ɻ˿˵껰һ
ʮƷۣ۸񷭱Ҫˣ
ʮƷۣ۸Ҫˣҿ˭Ҹ
ı
屶
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ʮƷѾÿһǧƽÿһƽ
Դˣһӵ໰Ҫ쮳
˸ӵģ֮еôôýӶéֽô㿪ھһƽļ۸
ûҪûҪĻʮƷ۾Źˣ
ţʮ屶ļǮеƷҶҪˣ
գĻǿڽмˣʮ屶ļǮ̬ҩۡ
ʮССҩۣʮ屶ԭ۵ļ۸񣬽ĵĶڵѪΪؼ񣬾ǵѪҲֵˡ
ү֪ңǺеĶҲܻ˹ء
ĵĻүʮָмƷۣκκкеĹأ㲻ҵ׼ΪеĵҲҪĹҪȻлôڶ֮
лС£ںӶϣǮżСʲôʱʲôʱǡ
үļҲǿ޽սǮ˼ҵĻĿ֮ҩۣһ˫˫۾Ҳˡ
ĳʮָмүҽʱ򿴵еĸʾдſﻻ԰ɡ
ǣȼǮƷһǮĽס
үôһ˵һҪȻûŪôĽӡ
ȻﻻүɷЩƽļ۸񡣡
˵ţһӣһöɫľϡ
ҫɫâϾʮݶϵȵĽ׻ңΪҲṩ
ʲô
Ͼһ̣ү۾ֱˡ
ҲߣȻܸܵõССɫ֮¶
ϾһöϾЩҩۣɹ
Թ˰ȥӴµľù
үʾȥ°ľľӻص¥żʱүľӺһԿ׽˽ġ
СӣⱦɱƷֵǮˣСľǸ缸ʱںҵģȻһֱûܴ򿪣һб͸Сӡ
Сľӿȥƽƽ棬ܸоһϢҾƽӴСľӵʱ򣬽ָе˪̾Ȼ˷ܵؽ
ףסкóԵģܸܵ

ү̫ˣȻˣʢȴұˣ
үڣæСľ䡣
үҲ½ķڣæסϾУ˸˼˼䣬үͽĻջ
ڽ¥ʱȴһȺסȥ·
СӣͦǮʶĻƷۣұ֤ȫʬҪȻͱҵȲˣ
һģ׺һס˽ĵȥ·һױҪὪĸղµҩۡ
ү˵ɱԽǳе飬治١
үҪ˵ʲôʱ򣬽ҡҡͷʾԼ
λһеˣи㡣
΢Цţʾÿǰ·һм̡
ƫƫŽƵһˣ׼ɱϵĲƱ
и㣿㷽ˣ˭Ƿ㡣
ЦţʾΧǰǰСӱȻǸ˼ҵĹӸ磬ϵĽƱһ٣ȵȵã
СӣҪ־͹Լ©ƣĺ
Ŷô
ȻȺǲŹˣŻҪ֮ء
ûʲôŵ㣬ǲ¡
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣεӰ¥˲󣬻ӷӦֻһ죬һƻӵĲ

1037 굤

1037 굤
һݣǻӵĲ֮ܣ˾ǲҲзˡ
Ӧ˵ϣһ̲һ޻֮
˲뵽СС꾹Ȼ˸ߵΪԭһӵϵȺҲȥϾһܽţ˵ˣԲƲ硣
Ҫһô
ķ΢΢ɨˣекⲻϡ
е˼㲻ٶǸɱԽĹǲɵӣʲôʲô˲ǡ
ţЩǲˣɻһƾ͵زȻûǰ
ĿŽʧʵУе㿴ҿ㣬һǰ꾿ǺҲ
ʵΪҵĻҪеĶү
ڲ֪ڵӵ£ڲˮ涯ֽţϾ˳˸ܿ͹۵ļǮ˿εСӣںУֻҪǮܵġ
֪֮ڵӵ֮үԼдɴ
ˣڿǰһĻСӽһб㽫ţŵ룬֣Ҫˡ
Ҽңү³һ
һߣ뿪˺еĽһصջ
ջϰԾǵȴڹŽƽµĻصջ
һͣǰǽĵʱ򣬿ջϰŸҽŻض档
ҵСӰǻˣⶼҹˣȥʹôĪǷʲô顣
ӻʹ֮˳ȥһӶͺС
ע⵽һȥѾҪˣֲôء
ƹһûһ˼֮󣬽ıСľӻص˷в
һ˯˴ʱѾˡ
ףףܸокϤϢζ
ָеȲˣҪ´˯ͳ׿ӣ澿ʲô
úãżҲȴ˵԰ɣ
ȻһԿףľŷ䣬һܹ⿪ġ
ַ仹̫ӣҪ֪ĵĸɵѩƺ󷨷о˵ڶû˸˵һҲòɵ󷨵Ĵӳԡ
һĶźϵ֮󣬽ǽ⿪˺󷨣Կײףֻһӻ
һ˲䣬ƴһ㣬һǿҫ۵Ľⲻϵţܿʧڽǰ
Ӵ򿪵ʱǿģĲǿ˪£Ϊǿ
ףǻƽ굤
굤
Լ̳ʷķʽñڽӴ굤һ̣ܵõ굤صϢ굤֮תΪ
˵굤ô
ĺǲ⣬е鼮أö굤ôᱻү񵽡
ȵȣĪö굤֮Щ굤ôĻǻǼ񵽱ˡ
ӣ׵Ļڳ굤֮һҪסȥϢܼ֪ô
֪ף
һӣԭϷŵĺת˲˽ָڣʱջķҲƿ
ջϰһֵıߵߣ¼ţ֪ȷϽ֮ŷ
СڰˣһΪʲô¶أ
Ǵӽķбŷģһ˲䣬ƹĸоһ޷ݵڽԼֻ࣬Ҫ΢΢һܽ
ڣϢ˲ʧ
ƹôţ
ܲôǧҪҺúչ㣬Ȼͷ
ˣϺеүҲ֪ͨǧ򲻿ɵСӡ
УľͲСӷԼλǰ湩ÿˡ
СӵʲôˣȻܾͺеĶӡ
ƹģͷһŵùĴңҪȥҾͷ߻ʡ
һĻµһ̣ƹһûվԼŰҽţˤ˵ϣһŵı鿴Žġ
Сӣղ˵ʲôҪȥʲô
ҪȥҾͷ߻ʣӶؼʮ֮Ҫնɱͷ߻ʲȡߵ
ĵĻ־ƹĶвϵĻš
ð֮ƹһȰ˵ŽĲҪȥʲôͷ߻ʡ
СӰĪҪȥͷ߻Ǻ͵ޣǿҲȥǾͷ߻ʡ
֪Сӳʲô飬˵ջˣȫСҪȥ
лƹģԻעģ
ľܸı
գƹһ߶Żһ߰ŽõĴ

1038 Ϊ

1038 Ϊ
ҪסԼԣǾҪ֤СӵƽСƽ¹ҸһǧƽΪл
ƹķģСһúð¶ģ
һһǧĻƽΪ꣬ȥҾͷ߻Ҳˡ
ۿڳĶԵ˴󴬣ϳ˴һЩԱ֮⣬ֻнһ˿͡
ƹվڸۿĿŴ󴬵ӰϰµĲȡ
СӰǧ¶
Ѿ뿪˸ۿڵĽϣǰһߵ뺣
ȣ˾ãã׺еһˮ飬ǳ˴֮УҲκβ
Сӣ˵ҪȥҾͷ߻Ϊ
ֻǵҪӶؼѣǴС磬㿴곤࣬ôҲӦһˣ
ڽĿһгϲΣգͷ߻ޣԵжԵĻʹ÷ħȻԲ߱ɡ
һЩԱһûκΪƽˣһг̶˵Σ֮ʣЩȴԸðոǰѰҾͷ߻ʡ
ٺ٣С˵˼ǮŽεḷ́СӷģЩ˶ͷĺ֡
ΪƵĻ˭Ըðա
Цţû˵ʲôϾ˵Լҵġ
һֱǰУ뿪˽֮Զн֮ڵ˾ͷ߻ʾûһƬ
ҵǣƬ֮һµ
ϵնɱ˾ͷ߻֮ȥѰǡ
ͷ߻ʹȻɲյĺ֮УĶЩԱҲ˽⣬ԲǸԼա
ȻѾĿ򣬽Ѱͷ߻ʽնɱȡߵǡ
ãǾڹµϵСˣСĵ㡣
š
׼˱رƷҩǱزٵĶıŻСڴһǰС
Уƽɣûκηˡ
ɾڴʱһȻӽĵС˹ȥ
һʱ䣬ˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣİ˫ۣһͷӺľͷ߻ʡ
𣡡
޴ŭ춯ء
ͷ߻ʴӺвϵĸֳˮ棬Ӵա
վСľϵĽľͺñһֻԴһ㣬ߵĲ֪
ôô
֮ǰƹĺ˵һЩھͷ߻ʵ飬ҽҲԺй˾ͷ߻ʵͼ
ǣԿӴͷ߻ʵʱŷ־ͷ߻ʺԼеĺȫ¡
û뵽ССྐྵȻţȻͱֱˣ
ͷ߻ʾһӴžŸͷÿһͷӣ׺
ͷ߻ʱӰ֮еĽſˮô
ƽһǲˣͷ߻·֮˸ź⣬ңôľͷ߻ʱضǵǹˮֵ֡
˵ֶܽһЩΪģοôһ
һͷ߻ʵһͷŽĳ˹ѪڵͷۿžҪ븹У˵ʱʱ죬һԾڱͷ߻˺ҧǰһ̷˾ͷ߻ʵı
ͷ߻ӴκһСһ㣬ýһվ½ϵĸо
˵ʵ̫óˮսǺͺĺս
ңǰͷ߻ʵΪʮǿһʱ̱Ȼ޷ɱ
ǳںȥĻһһ
Ҫһȫ֮ߣ̵ʱڽͷ߻նɱ
𣡡
һ£ճ֡
ʱͷ߻ʵһֻͷ˹ӭͷ߻ʼս
Ͼ޷˵Ĺ£ͷ߻޼᲻ݵۼɶ
ʲôȻ˱ʵۼס
ɵ˰ɣҵĶš
ٿطҪҶֻǾͷ߻ʣҪСĵࡣ
ôȥˣ
أ
׼ջطʱ򣬾ͷ߻һֻͷƺ󹥻ڶıͷмһ˲䣬ǻʹţһѪӿ
ۡ
ģ
ʲôħѪΪλʴʵۼף
ͷ߻û뵽Сôǿ󣬱͵Ϯɹ׼Ž븹У˭뵽ѪҺۼջɻҽ
ϡлѣ
߾ҵʹЦǽһթ
ͷ߻Ҫǲ˵ĻԼѪôô
ϾǷĽİŮûпѪҺ֮пǼ̳Ϲžβĳ֮
ħ󷨣
˫ֽӡԼѪΪӡƷ֪ħһ㡣

1039 ǷĶ

1039 ǷĶ
һƬĺͻȻƣ׵粻ϵĽ֯£ÿһ׵綼ھͷ߻ʵϣ۵ľͷ߻ںвϵķš
𣡿ɶ࣬ҪʬΣ
ͷ߻ܹ裬׻ʹ֮У͵һԾ𣬾޴ŽķԾ˰֮С
վھͷ߻ʱϵĽһȣٵȥҲΪˣħʧȥӡ󽥽ȥ
࣬ɣ
СҴףˣ
ھͷ߻׼һڰѽ븹еһָ̣иܵΣϢһԾɫâէ֮ʱһҧס˾ͷ߻ʣеı֮ͷ߻ʶ˱
ꡭꡭ
֮£ѵϵ𣬱סľͷҲ֮ķѱһһĳںС
ۼֿ죬һõ˾ͷ߻ʵߵͬʱҲץס˼ںеľͷ߻ڵ
ףû¶ѣ
֮Уڽ࣬ڿް֮ŷ
ӡֳ˲٣
һμֻʮ׶೤Ļһ
ӣôˣôô
ֻø˿ø޿ۿԽԽѡ
û¶ףղһʱķ̫Ϣһʱͺˡ
챾굤֪˽ΣգżæȣҲΪʹΪҡ
ûȥģһȥҸ굤
֪ˣ
һ˲䣬ʧڽǰص˽ָС
ɢһصľͷ߻ʬ壬ĻС˾ͷ߻ʵʬԱߣ³ʬгȡͷ߻ʵ߹ǡ
ĻصµϵʱѾǵڶˣʹԱǿŽϻľ޴߹ǣһסˡ
Сǡ
ͷ߻ʵ߹ǣǷ̰ɡ
ϣͷ̡
ʲôǲ֪ܽͷ߻ʻܣһĴڡ
һ·ϣ˿ĵĿǳݵĺܡ
ȥʱƽ˾Ҳʮֵ˳
ۿڵʱԺ顣
ûлջֱ߹ǰӶύ
ڽӶһ·ϣ˿Žĵ񶼱ʮֵ㽡
ļϿŵĶǴ˵е߹ǣôȻǾͷ߻ʵ߹ǡ
ܵ˶Կͷ߻ʣڶ֮ʷϼ޼
һĽͷ߻ʵߵӸ˽ˣֽؼϡ
ʮյޣ񡣡
˵ʵ˺үҲסˣſžͷ߻߹ǵֱ꣬
Ϊ׶ôĸĪ⣬ǿǾͷ߻ʰǾͷëë氡
ؼĽ
үƵĴӹó⳾Ѿõѫ£ֻͨؼӶʸѫ£Ҳϵ
ӶģһУҪ
ԴӳΪӶĽˣδһؼ
Ҫ
ɶ
׼ѰҽУһҪүЩסˡ
Ǵѫ¡
ЩǮҲҪѫҲãһǰͨ뺾ͳɡ
罪˵һҪĺܼ򵥣һӶ᳤ǩͨ뺣˶ѡ
ɾڽĻµһ˲䣬һŭ
Ҫͨ뺣ҲҪʹͬ񡣡
߲ǱˣӶĶϣҲӶĺĳԱ֮һ
ȻʶΪӶϣ֪ϳӶĳ֮⣬ɵ塣
ǰӽһЩɣҪһͨ뺣Ƕϲ׼Ļǻ᳤ԵͷҪȻ˭Ҳﲻ˽ˡ
ңȻǽ˻ģ˶ܿó
˭
ϷӶϣΪӶȻڶصΥ˹Ĺأ˹档
⻰ýĺǲ⡣
⼸춼ںҾͷ߻ʣ˵ڶʸʲôʱѾͷ߻ʸӶ᣿
ߣϷˣƶ죬ռǶ˶ûãϲͬǩͨ뺣ҪӶᡣ
ϻ£վڶЦǽһսթ
վڴ뿸߹ǵĽ΢΢üͷŷŶϺɡ
ʲô˼ס
޷ǾΪɱСӸˣŻǰ
ŵڿУǰæԲʾûбҪŪô֡
ӶĺԱСҲפӶᣬһ˵նɱ˾ͷ߻ʣǰ;Ϊһôɶѣֵðֵز

1040 ̫

1040 ̫
Ϻ̣һȥϷС֮˽£˭ҲֵĻͱϷ򲻿ˡ
ԼȨѹˣζҪӶᣬֶӲ۸۸ġ
˽£ȻΪ֮˽µĻǾͲӶɡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦûκ¶ȡ
Ĳڸ̨£ΪӶǰҪõͨ뺣¶ĻǾǣӶᣬʱͨ뺻᲻˵
Ӷ᣿ЦûϷ򷽲˵ЩôֻҪϷվǶ֮˶ãԲֳСǩͨ뺡
ﻰϾһ仰Ǳǵͨˡ
ϣ˲Ҫ̫ԣȰһЩǸҵģ
ָָķ˶ˣȶƵģҪȻҲỹ֡
һԵĺүһɽǰȰ˵ŶˣһӶĶϣһǰ;ĺһá
ϣȴ³򣬲Сȶֵġ
Ϸ黹ֲ졣
ŭһᣬĵƫԼķֶӣҪĸϳӶᡣ
ҲˣԼ˵˵˾ҪҲ硣
һǰŰµ꽫߹һԣڶŹؽ졣
Ҽǵղ˵һ仰԰ɣҪվͲ׼κ˸ǩͨ뺣Ǻð죡
Ц⣬ڴǸŨҿ
ֻһ˲˶ϵץס˳Ŵ˳ȥٴҪץסӳʱ򣬶һ㿪ˡ
СӣȻ͵Ϯ
͵ϮĿŵ۸㣡
Ĳδɱ£ϾӶĵ̣ϼһҲӶĶϣǿ˳ۣԽԽС
ߣϷҪʲô¡
˵䣬ϴ׼󵶣ġ
˽֪óõһѴˣģҶҲǿѵݺĺӶ㣬ڶ֮㡣
񣬶гɱ⣬ȻҪСɱ֮졣
ϧˣϧʵ꣬վҪڶϵУΪˡ
ڶϳ䳤δ뿪֮ʱһһƴ˵ʣһŴ˶ϵϡ
վ¥ݿڴĶһĲĹ¥ݡ
ǰͻȻתһĻ˻زһŴͿűĲڽµĶϡ
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1041 ߹

1041 ߹
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ڻͨΪҪЮ֮£ĴӦ˻ʱͶְλǣǹѣһŲ
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壬㲻ǮǼأջʱ䶼гչˣ°ɣ
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ĻͳԵģʵĻͲˮ˵лǱҪġ

1042 һ

1042 һ
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1043 ӵүү

1043 ӵүү
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1044 ɵİ

1044 ɵİ
յ˵ϼһӦȥѰΪտΪ֮·ȴĲԼĶټΪһֱͣͲǰһƿ֮УԾ˶֮Ļʹ档
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һʯͷѣѹס̯λŵĲƥûۣȻˣǾԩͷˡ

1045 ʯб

1045 ʯб
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ϵȻܰƼ͸ĶиЩʯͷȫܡ
ңкö
ûгֵ֪ͲѳƽȥˣֲʺиЩʯͷ
Ϸƾʲô㣡
˵˵Ͼǲذ׽ġ
ûˣֻýһҩ˳ذ׵ʹȨ
ҩƵģڵΪƿڣⵤҩΪֻҪذһã֪ʯͷĶжôˡ
ΪҲֵĸ᲻ðѵҩϣƵģ뿪֮ǰȷŸÿһ˵ĵҩһ˲öҩöҩ
ô棿
ϻǽŽɣգڽԺ㺣̸еΪаϲĲ鲻ԸĽذס
ҩ
ԿĻϻ˳ù˽˵еĵҩǵĳһٱӡ
ֽ׶βǺͻϳʱ򣬶Ҫʯͷ浽ʲô
ֻܸܵʯͷɢȴ֪⾧嵽ʲô
ŻϵذףһһиʯͷΧĺɫʯСİŰǡ
ڣһµʱһĨɫҺʯͷʳٵĿ
ɾһɫҺ壬Ҳý˷
ʯ裬˵ʯеȵϾеҪǿ󣡡
ôҲ벻ΪʯͷľҲ龧ѣû뵽Ȼĺ㺣䷢ʯ衣
һʯͷʯͷҲȭͷôÿһʯͷֻôһɫҺ壬ٳɶ࣬Ҳһʯͷȡһ׵ʯ衣
ϣʯ谡ʯ谡
˵ʵû뵽ʯͷиʯ裬ֶֻǼһΡ
һ״һʯͷǴʯͷеɫҺǰеɫҺһӡ
Ҫ֪龧󣬵ȲϾϾҲȴʯ衣
ʯĴҪ龧ϾͷӵľԶ̺ҲԽǿ󣬵٣ÿÿɳʯ裬Ĵۡ
ϣһ׵ʯ٣ҩ֮ұ֤Ϊһ̨סԣΪһ硣
ڵΪ۷״ֻ̬֮У޷ͻƽԽµľ硣
İţû˽ģʯ衣
ļٵģСɱƭңϷܸоⶫʮǿ󣬿˵ĹЧ
ϣƺðɣ˳ҵҩݡ
嵥嵥˻С
ЩҩݶǼΪƷ֣еǮ򲻵
˵ҪϵЩҩݡ
һҩƳɹ԰ϰߵľ磬ĸƽȡ
ԼĴ㣬ʯһֿĶ
Ҳǻ˺ôŪһЩʯ裬Ȼ˵еʯٵÿô˵Ҳûǿ
Щʯ㹻Щҩ˳ŵϵĵҩ֮⣬ʣµȫ߸ƽ֡
ǻ³̵ˣ֮Ǳĩ߸Ϊ̫졣
ͺ͵˵һڵΪ۷۵ļ𣬿ɴһ޷ŵߵǿߣٶ̫Ҳ̫ͬ
׵Ļ˵Ԫ
ʯҩԲյԪһ߸˱һľˡ
Сޣ㿴ܲܶϷһţȻϷǸԼãһô

1046 ֺܹ

1046  ֺܹ
ϺΪĿڽĶҪһŵҩĿıΪ˻ҵСӡ
Ϻ۰ӣɣүĽϣҾͶһŵҩӡ
ĵĻûЦЦ۾ûˡ
Ϸ渻л㣬СҪɶʱˣǼҸʱ׼š
󣿻󡭡ضܳ껨󣡡
ϵӽлʱǿбЦ
Ȼô˵Ҳƽ
ĺͿջϰҪһСƿӣɳʯװС棬һķ˱
ҪȻҩݣʼҩýָ洢߹ó
գһ糿ľͱϸˡ
ϣôɶ¶
Ϸû˵ôҪȥ㺣Ĵ̸ȥϣϷȷʵ˸ˣ
ϾǸʯ飬ȫ̸е¶Ժˡ
ϴȺ˶Ѿˡ
֪ˣ
ĹǷĹţ򵥵ϴһϸɾ·Ҳûų緹ͱϸϳȥ㺣Ļ
˵̸УʵƴʵϷء
˴󹫻֮УϷӶ߼ҹᶼ˺Щˣ֪ǲΪ˳ų棬Ȼе˵ȵȶ˽ԻĳԱһܡ
һ׮¥ĻУ˴󹤻Ļ᳤ֱλ˸򣬽ǿԱͷСţټαȽϽС˷ֻôһ˴ڡ
λҲ֪ʲô˼ӾͲϻˣϻռݺ㺣ƬѾЩͷˣʱûˡ
ӶĶۻ᳤зԼ˻һҹҲ׷׸š
ҾԴ˵ļǣϻôʱ䶼ǿлź㺣Ƭҹᶼûˮ̣ˮתϻĻ᳤ǲӦ÷һˡ
᳤Ի᳤ʲô˼ǵ᳤Ƕ˵ιˣϻϢǾʼҧˣ԰
˵Ǽ󹤻ΨһһŮԻ᳤ѮǳüŮӸһЩµķϡ
һϮµϹ˫е̸˶ĻصУ˵Ի᳤᳤׷ױ졣
˴󹫻Ŀλ֪ûѳ˵ǰ棬ǷӶ֧ϻᣬ˭˽ʲôСͱĺˣ
Ϲװ׵ĸˣǷվϻߵģϻʹ졣
СĽ˫ۣתͷһ˵Ůˣн˻ϵϡ
Ⱒ̶ģ顣ˣ
Ϲ˵ϷֻƼһˡ
ϰ˽һۣ˵Ϲ֧֮Լԭ
Ϲ֮ˣֻǸŵԼ֮ޱ˼
Ůΰ
Ǹ˶ܿóӶŮϴڿŻϵʱ۾ðǣֻϧǾ仰ûǸ˼
ǷӶվһǲܣ̸еģȻ̸оҪи̸еӣ˵Բԣ
ǣ㺣ѾִǼҹҲΪ¶ĦϣǲĻƻֳĻ
˵İ๤Ļ᳤Ȼôȴʵ
󹤻ӶǽǽҪ㺣ƬϻʸĹռź㺣Ƭ
ǰû˵ҲԣϾϻʵأҲôùͷ
ڲһˣϻĺöѾˣֳ˷ˡ
׻˵úã㲡ҪʱѺ㺣ȨֵĻԺûĻỹ˵
ɣϷ˵仰
һҹ߻ڣüĿĿˣ˵˽֮
ÿһҹᶼɳ˱һѵ㵽Ϊֹʤ߿ںϻԼҪĺȻʣµԴ˻֣Σ
ãͬϵ⣡
Ǻ蹤Ҳͬϵע⣡
ϻ֧ϻķ칤⣬༸ҹᶼ׷ͬš
ϾֻҪӮ˾ͿԻԼҪƬԺҵӶԼҺҪǮģҲһʿɹ۵롣
᳤Σ
Ǿ۸ˣ
ȻϿڣϹһ˵ļթɡ
ӣȻҶͬӣϷҲͬˡ
ϵĻϹǲ⣬̫˽ϻڵ״ˡ
ңⳡԽֹ󹫻Ļ᳤³ϻĸֶڳȥִ񡭡
ҹıԱѾ׷ϳҪô׳ܵ׺ݴ󺺣Ҫôǿȥɷǵˡ
ÿһҹᶼɳֲμӱԣ෴ϻȴٳû˳
ϣǾ鷳ˣ


1047 ϧ

1047 ϧ
ĴŹǷһԼεı鿴Żϡ
˵ʵҪǻǩͨ뺵Ȩ˻ˮġ
վڴЩˣһɷĺò磬ԼεӰֻΡûʲôɱԡ
Ĵϻǰһ̣ڳǰ쳣󱬷˾޴Ц
Ц֮гűӳЦȵȵ˿Ƕڽĵӡ
ϻǲûʲôˣȻɳôСӳμӱҪ˵⺢ӿô찡
ǣȻ˵ϻս˥Ҳһӳɣ¶Ǵ֮飬ӳһӵô˵
ֻ
ϧˣõͦΣһ˵׼ᱻʲôӣ趼ʶˡ
ϻĻ᳤ǲʹˣôһӲμôΣյı
˴󲿷ֶǳЦģҲʮģƵߵǰһνıȷʵ˾壬ֳ»˵򶨣ضǸɶõ˲š
ǰ˴󹤻̸еֳҪ˭һҹ᲻ɳ֣ĿľΪӮʤϷŵȵԴ
ϻĻ᳤ȻɳһʮϻվĲ᳤֪ôġ
ҪôԱݲճҪôСӱضв֮
ôǰ࿡ȴһɢʲô֮
ڳλĿⶼڽĺͻػصǻڣ²͸룬Ҳͬ͸ʲô¡
ǼעⱣ꣬򲻿
칤᳤ϹԸԼѡֱýģһĻЩ˵ĵһĿһꡣ
ĹܲţϻĴԲϻһаȻ˴󹫻ķͻᷢ츲صĸı䡣
̡ã
ϹµĻİӡӺ˼֡
ҲͬΪϹеֵã϶ôˣҲ֪̿ϻĵˡ
СһһվǺߣĪҪ
칤Ĵְ˰ѽĻڰ˴ӶҲͷģ⼸ҹƣһӲ˺ûʲô̫ģ˰ˡ
ϻԷж飬ȹ᳤һǷΪѵʱʱԮ֡
ͳһݵĶ飬˶ҪȫҲҪŽġ
ȻĲ֪ϻͷ֮һЩ飬ǰ˷֮⣬һ˿ԼĿⶼǶ˼ҰǶʳһ޲һڽ̻һ
һ
¥һͭ࣬ʾμӱ˿Զˡ
˼ҹᣬϻ֮⣬߼ҹᶼɳˣټϽһǶʮˡ
ʮ˲ȡսģʽվǸ˾ʤߣڴĺͼϻԼҪĺ򡣣
һ̣һ˹ļҹĿͳһҪɵġ
ǻνֻҪܽϻĴܣԼ˹ݺݵشϻ
᳤Ĳֹô
з칤ᰢ˱ϹǵǽĵİΣ
Ͼһʮ꣬һʼʱվԭһһǱסˡ
Ϲ뿪˵ʲôִ˵Ļ
ӷİɣСһǸݽɫ
ֻһݽɫĴݽģôݣһȺ˾ͻῴװס
ǲһ£ʶʶʲôǿߡ
Сޣڱ󰡣
һճĴ󺺳˹һ׼ģʱǰӲĵֵһûˡ
ڱͷڹ꣬ϻᶪ
СޣǸ˾ͳһܣϻĴǼʶʶ֣
һָּǲȡսķʽĿĺͳһһҪȽնɱ¡
칤İսӶֲϵĽͱ鲼˺ۣҧסӲţȺͻķ˺ġ
СһȺϹƱƣӽҲκ¶ģ
гǹڵϣ캳صϢϱѪɫȾİеľǿȴý塣
ãǾȥɣ·ͱˣ
˵ʱʱ죬һ֣ĸֳڰߣ׼˽֮նɱġ
һеĵ˴밢һ̣Ӱէ֣漴һص֮С

1048 ǲ

1048 ǲ
ڰǰİӰǱˣǽġ
ּһ밢һ̣ԼٶȳڰǰΪȵĻǸֵĲϡ
һƵʮ㣬ֻһƱ㽫ֵľ׵նϡ
ĸ䲻֪ɺ졣
Ҳ֣Ϊˣǲ䣡
䣬һϮ¾˫ָĿˡ
ŷ飬ŷ־֮⣬Ŀ˲ᣬں֮С
Ҳ֡
Ϊˡ
ǲ䣡
һһ仰Ļصÿһ˵ĶϣǾԵĳӹɵӡ
ͬȺһʼԴһ顣
ϺǣСއNɪľʦһС
϶豭ǳһȫĽģ׵üë΢΢
ӵͽܣװƵľͷһģʤ
£ھ㿴ʲô֮أ
ϱϢסĸһһعе㳯ŽĻӿ˹ȥ
칤İ˱ģȴֹ˾ٶ
磬Ϣһ£ȺұãȽһ£
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣİֱˣƬ֮ŽմȾѪĳǹ˽ġ
ĽԼҪĳǹǹһʹĻǹʮֵķ˵ֵˡ
Сӣɣ
СֵܣСģ
ۼһ˳˹ŽСġ
ߣϣ
ųǹɨһӣǹԼٶ̯ߵĹơ
ȻûѧǹԸȺ˻Ǵ´ġ
еǹĴ߶תţƬ̣˷֮ļҹһİƽ˲ء
һֵԭΪһγžʹ˼׻ϴ·
ڶǻҽ֡
ǸŮġ
Ļصڴ֮Уݵһ˵껰һ̣Ļֽгǹ¥ĳһλ
᳤ȰͣһЩڰһЩСӦƾʵҵĶ֡
᳤ڰг֣ѽĽˣ˭֪˻һ
Ϊһ֮£᳤ӵȻҲסˣһԾһڴУϱŷǧһѹ˵ϡ
СޣΪ˼ҹĸֱҫӻ콭ʱ㻹֪ء
᳤ƣ֪ҪСһ
᳤̫ˣ
˿֣Ϲᡣ
СܴӦڹĸʮ˾ȣҲ˵Ԥ֮⣬᳤³ҪѵС֪꣬
±ɣȻ᳤ҪѵǲҪֱǡ
ԾֹϹȥȰܣ˿ǰԼҹСƣʵϽλһء
СޣӲŮӾʹúõĽѵһ㣬֪֪ߵض񡣡
᳤ôһҳӣҲǽѵһ½ġ
ҹĸֶһС޸ƽˣзͷϻˣĵȻƽ
ҪǲúõĽѵѵϻСһԺǼҹỹкڶ֮ȥ
Ŷô˵᳤붯ˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣķ΢΢᳤ϣɨһۡ
ҲãԼԸ⵱ڻңǾɱһӰٰˣ
᳤֣漸ҹúýʲôйأ
˵ţ᳤ǰһֳ䳤âϹһ˲䣬ġ
᳤һٶǽǴɱ˽ġ
Ҳװ᳤еɱ⣬ǸСԾһƽ޲ı飬ĪǱˣ
СޣһͶ̥׼ˣӣ
Ǻǣ⻰ԭⲻ͸㡣
ǵЦŨҿϢȫ˲
һ޷ݵǿ󣬾ߵϢǵصѹÿһ˵ࡣ
߹½Ƕ֮ߺܴһֶѡޣ֮֮٣޵Ͼ˸ٵÿ
Ҳʴϻ֮ˣһ̤˾磬޵ʦʦ֮С
᳤еһڣѾ̤֮УԲŻӲĽа彪ġ
ǿССҲʦ۷Уϵޱıŷһ̣֪ԼˣһǴ׵֡
ССͱѾ۵ĵزǿʵȻ֮߹½Ҳҳڶ˵Ĵڡ

1049 ȫҪ

1049  ȫҪ
࡫
ڳſˮͺһֻֽסֻҪ˫һὫǵķ顣
۵˿ɲϢǻı߽֮С
᳤ұɱ㣬κѰ·
ʽ׶ε᳤۽׶εĽǰֻбķݣ˫ϥڵϣѹŵһ˽ᶼܡ
ķɱ⣬ʱ˿̵᳤·ڽп˰ǵ֡
᳤ˣ˭Ҳ֪ôģֻǿ᳤ڽǰûϢ
ջ۵ѹһʱ䣬˸оԼӵصãܺһʿĸоôˬˡ
ͬʱҲңҷȥ᳤ǡ
ʱһߵֹͼǰ˼˰죬̧ͷ˿ϡ
ϣҲǺϵ¶ҪĸضΣ
СһӮıȻԼȥˣ鲻ùϷǡ
ϽֺȨ˽ģô֣ȫԼˡ
ʵЩΪء
ҧŴǣһѵı飬һ̧ͷڳˡ
ôֶô
Уôô
ԶԶԣôô˱ǣ
ЦǸұƱô
ǿΪĴڣһ˾ܰˡ
˹ˣǴʲôطҵ
ðɣȻô˵ҾͲˣ
һԵذף˿ǰĺֲͼգذ׻һ
ϵϵ£˵еĺ
أһѡ;鷳ȫҪˡ
ۡ
ŽĴ˻һڳһѪӿһҲ˵ʲô
ȻΪлһֺ͸ˡ
ںͼϻֳ˱Ƚϸԣһ麣͸˷칤ᡣ
ϹҲ뵽Сһｫ˺Ľĺ͸ǣҲףеĹΪƴġ
Ȼ͵ģұ㹧ˡ
ϹˬʵЦţҲûͽĿ
һԵĻһԹ
û˵ı飬صϻڵĵضŻϵ飬ǲ⡣
ϣô
ѾͷϷû˵ضκĵĺܣϷܾˡǸʲôӰϷñĺ㻻ɲҪٸһ죿
ҪϹͳȥƬ򣬶ϹЦһһ㡣
ɲɣҵôûȥء
˵˵ȥ˵ףǲɰѻϸƻˣһ·϶Թ̫ˡ
ѽˣĥĥģҶ䶼Ҫըˣ
߶ŵԿۣĺ޲ðѶϡ
ˣҴˣȵҩ֮ٶһŵô
һΪ
һкôãϵͱͣתһ룬ԼҪͽ˵һ¡
СѾͷҪЩҩϷǿҵǾҪķѼյʱ䣬ʱסϷú͸ʶʶ
ۡҲãҩҲҪյĹ򡣡
һ˵ǸиӾЦԽҪǺҲˡ
㺣ĵǴˣڽǿƵĻֺ֮£ֻϻͷ칤ƿȨ
ϾҹҲҪǽıΪӣÿһҵĹÿ꽻һķãʲôʱýǾҪȵһεİ˴󹤻̸˵ˡ
㺣ۿڣ˴󹫻˷׷ȥ
ڽ뿪ʱ򣬷칤Ϲ˹еһЩҩݽ˻ϡ
ں㺣ЩҩȻȫô˵Ҳǵл⡣
Ŀһ۰µҩݣܴһֶеĵҩ
л̣
СŮôôϲҪϱɡ
ϹƺԽԽϲΪߣΪֱˬθڡ
ǿɲУϷ򻹴ϱء
ˮοû㶨飬ôñˡ
Ϲ˵ʲôϾŽ׼ȥʱİǰߴ֮ĺܣɹͭɫȴֳһĨΡ
ǸɶȿȣǸ
ʲôǸģϽûʱˣҪˣ
ɨһ۰֪ʲô
Ȱ˵껰ϾŽ˴ֻ·칤һվڸۿڿŻϺͽĽʧеӰ
𸡸ʧ
ϹҺݺݵزһ

1050 ҲǸ

1050 ҲǸ
οҲʧǸ
ϹݺݲһİεĿԼҵĻ᳤
᳤ô²µģ
¸ƨСѾͷעǸɴ¶ˣȾָģ
Ϲʮ׼ţнĵСѾͷһΪķ֮ˡ
Ӻ㺣صѾ֮ˣںе;һЩС
ϺͽĶ˱һȺΧȻжڳϵ˿ȻǰȻ
ǣһһٷһ飬ȺֺڱʲôκκϷԽԽΪһ˵˲ò뿪˺
һ̤Ļصջʰ񣬺ͳ
ĿͽȥĿĲԼŨŨĿ⡣
ᣬΪϰ˰ѽĵһźţͻȻ䲻Ӱˣﻹͦ᲻á
⣬ΪڲùԴڿϵˣ׵׵һ
Ҫʲô¶Ļֱȥһϱɡ
һ·ϣڳоŵҩҩһûһĺͻŹں㺣һЩ顣
ϣ㲻˵㺣бôȽɽҪصıأӰأ
ĵĻûҿǲһı顣
ϷҲ˵ô
ŶԻΪȥ֣ͱһĪеıظඣ
ЦţЦûſˮë
СѾͷܱôЦôϷ಻ãе㺦£һô
ûϵӦҵҽһˣҲܰѻϾȻء
ȻҪϸһ˵
ص̾һʵһʼȷʵ˸ڣΪ˾ڲƭĸԼǰ㺣
ڻ·ϣͻȻڰ;ȺӵĺȺͱظĪĹϵ
СѾͷȱϷʱȻĿںߣ㺣򸽽ȷʵбظڵģǻʱЩӦúͱظһԭ򡣡
ҪΪʱķ̫Ϊչһ˵һСѾͷȥ
Ҫȵҩ֮үȥһǱظء
ȥҴ˵ɡ
ʱĺͱظйϵһҲҪҵö굤֮˵
˵ֿʼĵʲôҪһҪȥ
еҩݶ֮ҲУûеҩ֮ҲУʲôıСѾͷĿ⡣
治Ϸôʲôôֵ㶯ġ
ĺŪ׽ȥĿģСѾͷΪӦһ˼󾳽Ľ׶Σȴе·ѡȥ
˵ȥ굤ô
š
ϵ˵ͷʾŽ˵Ļ
˵굤ĿΪô
š
һεͷԾɱʾŽġ
ϣôţ˵Ǽٻô
Ϊʲôţһʮ۾ͰϷǰô鶼¶Ϸʲôɲ˵Ļ
ʮֵۣĸ񻰴˵һ㡣
񻰴˵ʱ˿̾ͳڻǰ˵һʲôţȻ˵񻰹еޣȥʵʣҲûпܵġ
о仰˵úô߰ţǧ껯ԣ껯
ݻɣҡҡͷ
ϣ˵ʵڵ˪
£ס˻ϵ֣ϱܵ㿪
򲻿ɣϷֻѹޣ
ϣⲻҪĽ̫Ƿˣ
ĺһץסϵֱ˫ۣһ˲䣬ڻԺгӰ
һȫҫϹâɫ񻰹о
ϻعʱֻʣ¾֮⣬ðβŷӦ
⡭
ţ˪ǻȥɭҵ˪ˣͳŴˣ
ĺͻ˵ԼȥĿľΪѰ굤
ɳٶʮ־ˣƾŽָеʳѾĳɳڻԵɺ֮ү͸ǵһö굤
ɼˣҪǰѰö굤ι˪
ֻžȣŽ˵ź˪飬ԼȥĿġ
Ѿͷסʦ˵Ǿ仰򲻿ɽ˪˵Ϸǻ˵Ļж±ﲻ¶
֪˵ˣҲ˰
ŻĵĽ˪߻ϡ
ܺʦΪѵˣƷжֵεǰȻԸƻթȱ£ȷʵˡ

1051 ˵еĻ

1051 ˵еĻ
˪飬ǿ߽һҪܡ
ϵߴ󲿷ֶһЩòȻ֮ˣΪΪʲô޵ߵѾ²ˣŵЩ棬ͿиɱĻ档
֮ǰĺͻ˻Ҵկ
Ϊϻ᳤ĻϣլۡȻӴ
һ³ӭߣӳʮֿǸ˵ĸоһ֣䡣
治Цһı˱ᣬѿǸţѾﵽʵĽ׶Ρ
ѽզ֪үүأ
֪ͨˣ
ۡ
һڣ֪ǰĴǴĻ󣬳֡
Ҫ촽ǿЦ⣬к
ֺá
š
˵ͷһ۽Ǵкˡ
СѾͷ䣬⺢ȻͱƵģȴĺܣСʱΪ˾һֻСء
Ѿ׼ˡ
ܲϲἰ飬ҵ˵ǰĽ
巢֮ĸҲүүģڲϲҲš
ģ㿴Ǹİ֪үûԷͱ͵ţߣȥòͣСѾͷСѾͷҪǼסϼգ

ÿ˶лֺ⣬ԼͿˣ
Ծҧ촽ЦֵܸܵΣôһֱ˱˽Ÿ󸻹ȻԢܺãǶӵȵȵĳνʵЦ
ĸڸֺͻϵ˻Ҵլ
Ѿ׼ˣǻҵȥջѯһϵĲȶǽϲԵࡣ
⽫ͽĵλһ𣬿ɶԹԵĳţûлп۵Ϸ֡
Ͽ˿ֿ˿Լӣ
Ӧð
СѾͷǽһǣȻװ磬һŮҵݡ
ӣǽһʱ硣ΣжŹ㶼źż޸ӣΪʲô˾ͲԷһء
пŮΣյ˵Ӧ׹ػֳ棬ɶҳҵģƽˮ޲
أ
СѾͷϷûʹĸĸʲôء
ŻϵʻҧһڼᣬȥŻشϵ⡣
ҵҲߣϲĴε
ŶԭˣֲأǸĸĸҲߣСӵȥ磬ֻһһʺһİѸ󡣡
˵˵žҪһԵĻüһεĿһۻϡ
үүʳ޲
úúãԷԷ
һûϷҲֻñ죬ĳԷ
󣬻ⰲŻͽȥ԰
νǰ£һˣᷢʲôҲ˵׼
Žűǰ·ǰ԰
ĸĴŻլԺľɫһǰһ˭Ҳûп˵
ʱĴŷ羰ĽĲδѾͣĻһͷײ˻ļϡ
Ĺ
ڣô˻֡
ĲӵĿŻһͻȻͣΪΣ
ʱתɫ£˫ӳɫԣűԼһͷҪŮ
ЦЦǡ
šĿô
Ŀ˿漴ŨҵЦ
Ǹ֣Ҳûκֵ˼ЦǼҡǼҸڵһԶèһһи󡣡
̲סˣӽҵĿʼӻϿÿһνŸʱʼľھӼҵһèһһи
ްҶ塣
ҵĶӺۣԲҲǳЦıﲻסˣ
ҴլصŽĵĹЦҲûŭֻǰĿǰЦᶼŮ
¹֮£Цеæ˿úģһ뷨ȻӻȻүүٶҲδһ¶
ϡ̫вˣҵĶӣУЦ˹
ĶڵϣһŶһЦš
Ȼ֪Ǻ⣬üöﰲҸǣ̫̿ˡ
ңһнгꡣ
ҡҡͷʾ˵֡
ҵûˣࡣ
ۡ
һ춯صЦصҹɫ֮С
Ц̱ڵϣĨᡣ
ϣŴô

1052 ӣͣ

1052 ӣͣ
ϸԼ൱ϲ죬ʲôࡣ
ȻЩֶԢģԼðݸģЩڱ˵ĿС̲סЦ
ÿÿԻʱ򣬽Ķ죬ΪߣǱЦ
ա
һıӵ˻ҩݡ
СѾͷϵҩȻȫҲİˡŲʮϣϷһŪҪЩҩݡ
ţϾǡ
ҩҵĲˣǻϼλҩݣҹĻ֮ǰûλҩݡ
ҲֿʼƵҩ
˵ʵƵҩĻȱרҵһЩԼֻǿһЩ鼮żһЩҩѡ
֮һֱҩߣרҩݷ֪ʶ
ҽϣҽκȵҽҪտһЩҩϣǶ˼һ𶼲ȵĶ֡
ǣʯһɳ޵ģһʱ֮Чûεݼ
˵ȲߣҲҪռеĲƵҩ
ңʯƵҩĲ輫䷱ҲڻܸԼṩһõ
վڷĻϲδרĽģԼӣһЦݡ
ӣСѾͷǲرθڡ
ϵıҪôжôѽؼƵҩһǸСѾͷṩһõĻڶҲΪԼ롣
ˮ仰иݵģ˵ˣԴСѾͷ֮󣬸ûʲô仯үүô᲻֪ô롣
ӣүү˵Ѿͷ׷߿ɶأǰʱȥ㺣ʱ̾СѾͷϱз칤ɵҲԽͼı죡
ʮصıԼ׷ĵжôĿ̲ݻ
СѾͷʮ֣Ҫʱɨǰϰ˵׼ͱļˡ
ⶼʱģҪСѾͷ׵׵ĹջػңҪӵˡ
˵ˣһĸǶԼҲһ̬ȣ֮СѾͷദ̶ʱ棬оȻһ˿˿͡
УϷǼ飬Ǳ˵ӵǰЦ֣ȻᱻȻû
֮СѾͷȴĻڣˣСѾͷʱ򲻽ûз֮⣬෴ģֳԴ˺ܲһ
˵š
ϲСѾͷǽҪˣ
ٺ٣Ͳˣһϻ᳤ô꣬㲻δϱ
ȥʲôСѾͷȱ֣
һӵƨϣһŵĻεĿһۻϣȴǱȻż͵ƣʾһҪ¡
ææҵʱ򣬿ϴ˷Ļã
֣Ұֱߵҩţסɫҩģ

֧ʹ֧ʹȥĻսĵػصڷŸָҩݣκԹԡ
ʮǢгһĻĻ쳣ġ
˵ôԼӵɫһܹõСѾͷ˵ĺ¶Զˡ
ţȫûⷽɽǡ
һǳǰѰ굤ģʲô鶼Ҫ
˵ˣʼռ׵һ仰ǸԵ˵ʱľͻҵţĻẦ߻ʱʱ̵̿Ķڸʲô
Ϊֹδֹ˴ڡδֹ
ڤҹӰ֪Ϊγ֣˦˦ͷ⹷ӰԺлɢȥŵҩ
һʱ䣬ļҪ˼ҩ¯ĻҪҩݵļټһЩ߰飬˼һûкۡ
ڣеҩݶһıӽҩ¯֮󣬿ҩ¯һựһ
Ҫľֻеˣ
ʱ䣬ֻҪʱ֪ҩǷƳɹ
СѾͷӣǳһ£
׼ϴ²ʱ򣬻ʾ˳һˣǰˣרҽĵġ
ڻΪҲŻһԭȻʾݣʲô֪Ȼ˽֮⡣
ôˣ
߲ǱˣǶ֮
һģ³һǰ˽ǰйżֵ֮⡣
ҵˣ
ʲô¶ˣ
ĿóеĽ׷ʲô¶ˣѲǼһˣ
ܰɣ뿪ʹʱ򣬶֮ıǻĺúôΪڻٰʮ궼û⡣
ȥ̫үүĲҲֻܽˣһȥʹ

1053 

1053 
Ļû㶡
ϼһôˣˣ
Ȼ֮Ϊìܣô˵Ҳǽѣѳ¶ʱ򣬻ȻҪһʡ
Ҳˣǰʱ仹ϼһúõأôת۾Ͳˡ
ػϵĻ̫үү֪ΪΣɫԽԽվȻȳѪε˹ȥ
ˣҲҽŵҽˡ
ǿߣӦа취̫үүĲ顣
ԣ˻Ҵկ
𼱣һϴһɾ·ǰʹ
ϷҲȥҲүүһ
ǣүү
ļ򵥵ϴһɾ·֮󣬱ڻϻһȥʹ̫ϻڵ⹬
̤⹬ʱһֻ˳˦ڵѳһ߻ŭصÿһ˵Ķߡ
Ӷ˵˲ԲԣȺӹҽӹжԶԶӿǣҪȻǵļǾ壡
ĳ൱ŭ
վһԵ׿Լ游³һ㱻ĹѪͷҲǣЦ
̫ϻʣ㲻ԲѾжˣȥĻܲˣ׼ϲԵĸ㣡
ף˵ôô˻أ˵˲Բԣ㻹˵Σ
׵üëŭվԼǰףҪԼӣͱˣԼǰĥĥͣء
ϼһﶼôôԣ֪˸ô
һⳡ沽⹬У˵һߣϼһ
һˣ˲ɳһ
ϡ
û¶ͽҺСѾͷˣҲô
ʾһ뵣ġ
ôˣ˵ҲôôԼ˵ĻǷŹƨɡ
УҪǿˣ֮ǰʶһϷŲƢء
Կóأ԰׵ɫЩɢ˫ʾŴ˱ĥӲźͻ϶졣
վһԵĽĿǰ֢״ôһ¶ˡ
ʲôƥ⡣
˵ŻڻĽϣ´ǰСһͷм͡
ССͱѾ۵Ϊǰ;ֻΪ̫쵼ԪпСӸһ飬úȴ򲹳ԪȻһжɽٱԪɢһΪˡ
ƾһ۾Ϳ˽еı׶ˣҲýʵǰƢߡ
ûйĻΪӦڻ֮ϣʦ¡
ǣӶĶϱǰ;أСѾͷǱʱҪţĶˡ
һٿŽģ޲ðѽĴȥ
ȿȡȿȣƥǹʺ˼ѣȻܼ׿Խĺȿȣ
ƱˣϽСѾͷ㿴
һһʾ⽪ǰ
û㣬Ż׵üëŽġ
ôСѾͷҽ
ǰĻСʱĿȾѧһʱ䣬ȥ֮ҩүүҲѧһЩҽ
һڶ֣۾һ
СѾͷڵӣ
ٺ٣һĿӵĵӣ
ֻкܶѾˣһһԶĿУֱǴ۷֮ϵǿߡ
ԣǴǿ۷֮ϵߡ
ֻʱƣѾٲκ飬ȫȫȫĽ޺ۡ
ӵĵӣֲã˵ͨˣϼһĵȻ˰ɿʲôˣ
ŽǷ񿴳ԼĲ鲡
ĵ˵ͷӱȡһҩУ˹һȵˮʾҩ¡
ҲûɽԼҩǲǶҩͷ¡
ҩҩЧɢʱԭɢȻһľ£
ϣȳȥǰԼһ˵Ϣһʱ䣡
ţ߶ȥɣһϼһǵʱٽȥҲ٣
⹬ˣŮ̫ȵȣȫϳ⹬⡣
֮׺ǲĿŽģѯĲ顣
̫ϻʵĲ鵽Σ
żǰҲǲһϵ
Ļֽ׶ε
һжǰΪѾһ۷壬ǻ۷ĻԵǰȥԽƿһ磬ϧɣԲŻдʱ˿̿һĻ

1054 Ÿ

1054 Ÿ
̫ϻʿ˵أ
ıɣղŸ̫ϻʷµĵҩԲ̫ϻϱ׶յ顭
ʾľˣȷ̫ϻǡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϣ˫֮еЦûϺɭɭСѾͷʲôˮأ
ȻһоһǾԲװ׸һɵҩġ
ǸʲôŸУⵤҩȻƣǰʦʶķϣ۾ͳˣ
лȻϴлľ֮
֪֮ΪĵһȻ˵쾭飬ҾǽĲ˵ҲлԼĸл֮⡣
ǣЩ֪֮ôлˡ
˵Ļʣ
˵Ļ׶ࣿ
۵м۸㿳ۣ֪֪١
ֺ޼ծοϵ̫ϻʣԼǣڡ
Žһаȴڵ໰
ֻӱ˵ķݶ䵽˿ӻܻڵأı
һԵĻǳŽ˴ĴָһǸСѾͷСѾͷߵﶼԼݰݳԿġ
ţСѾͷҲܽһͷ޶ëǼһҲһḶѪĴۡ
ʼ磬ⶼЩС棬
ǰǮΪԼһ洳׺͵ͲǮһ˳ԱͿˡ
ڲһˣڵһͷǶҪԴΪף˵Ǯöپö٣Ӷࡣ
˵ȻĵľٶʨӴ󿪿ɣⵤҩϾǷƵģҲڷĺͽİݷ޶뿪֮ǰΪ׵ķĵŮʲôʧµҩ衣
ɣΪòֵҩҲֻ˷ѣû뵽ó
ҩĵ֮£ɫöˣˣԭǿͻʧҲڽ¾£
СѾͷ⾿ʲôҩЧûУӶˣ
ǰĻҩƵĵҩҲֻţǰֻҪһűɣǳԶ˲ûаᷴɡ
ĵĻĻص˶ߣԸóĵҩ
˵һⵤҩãԶȴ˲
ٸӣŵǰһɺԵĺڵҩİ²ǰŵҲˮٷһŵҩ̣ȫΪɢΪˣԱ
Ĳ˵Цѣۿһ˲ע¶һŵҩȻ˾Ǳѵһһըˡ
һĻͯӰ궼޷ϡ
ȻˣҲǿˣӵҲǾ֮˵ʲôԸֻҪĶʵ֡
Ը
΢΢üͷŬ˼һ
ʵҲûʲôԸ޷Ľʲôģͳɡ
仰ҪǮ
ǮȻܵģûǮܵġ
ӵĳɱܸߣοһӵĳɱǾ͸Ǹߵˡ
ڵΪԺ㣬ȥõö굤Ժ飬ӲܾͿ굤ŰɣҪ챦ĲҩȵȣЩǮ
ԸɶǮʵʡ
ӵĵӣֱˬ˰ѹǮСѾͷöپö٣
仰ʱΪ֮ı׶ɵˣһŵı鿴Լ游
һ̯ңΪ֮ıҪ֮ǮǶ֮ô죿ô
ǲ׾ֵı飬뵽ԼǶ֮ı
ǸʲôСѾͷҲȫߣһЩ
û⣬ϾҲǿ
˵ĻıȻ򶨵ĺܣֿ˻
Ϊ֮ıŽ˶֮Ĺ⡣
صſһ˲䣬λεĽ鱦ȵȵȼϹ˽ĵ˫ۡ
룡
ģҲȫߵġ
ЦţЦ﷢ë
Ȼ֪ľһˣ᲻⣬ɲ֪ΪʲôǾòġ
룬ôĹ⣬ԽһҲһЩʲôĹֻ֮ģҲвЩһЩһЩɣ˭̫ϻʶˡ
ǣǰһĻʱ׶ɵˣҪһԵ̫ף֮ıֱӹ˵ϡ
鰡

1055 

1055 
鰡
һǰźǽһβϡ
һת۵Ĺ򣬹֮һĽ鱦˽еĽָС
Ҫײ˫ŽֵͣĻĻѶ֮Ĺա
ķģС棬Ҿһ㣬˵Ҳʲôǿ
뿪˹⣬ֻʣɫҰײҰ׵Ķ֮ףԼǾ仰
˵Ҳʲôǿ
һ˲Ͱ˹֮һԴôǿǿҪһǧһ򱶡
κ̫ϻʵĻѾ˵ȥˣֻĿŽʧУȴưͳԻһ˵κλ
˰˰ˣιȥˣ
գ֮ıǿױĸ˹ȥ
ʱĽȷʵССյĻص⹬ϵ׼뿪ʹȥҴկ
ǺȾƣǲӣǶҪ֪ô
ĻѾ˾Ͽ˿ֿ˿Լӣε̾һӦ롣
ŽʧеĽģŻ׵˫תԼϡ

̫үүڡ
ĿǴӽĵתл͸
ƥǴСѾͷΪҵϱûİ˸
Ȼܿʲô⡣
ȻûмСѾͷڻңΪҵϱ
ߺߣΪǻҾӣӵҲǸ۲۵ӡ
̫үүĻ˲һȻϲ𣬵һжҪѭԼ롣
Ȼϲĵģڵ֪Ůӵʱһݲ岻ĸоҲ֮ӵŨҿ
⣬Ѱ˿еѰ˿еİ
Լ˽ģ޿ɾҩ֡
ƨǲ֪ô׷̵̫İɣϲһ˾Ҫʱʱ̵̿İ˩ߣ㣬ӱҪСѾͷΪϼҵϱ
ǺͻϱȸߵͣĺϲСѾͷ·񣬲һҹһŤŤ󣬷͸ź
εЦţֻӦ
Ǿ仰ǰĽҲҪѡһвǿ
ߣԼӳ⣬һߣϵĽ·һҩ̣ȥҩݣ»Ϻͻүˡ
ҲӦÿˣСӶͼı죬ҲԴСѾͷ
ϰ˫ۣ֪ϲӵˣͲСѾͷβںˣϲİע˽ĵϡ
үү㣬Ů֮ĸʲôԵǷŹƨֻвʵɿģүүɶ˼ô
ɶᣬүүġ
һۻϣɴʱҩԵĻ
ʲôأ
ûʲô˵˵ĻʹҪ׼ЩʲôˣϷ˵ѱιȥˣ
ϲ˻⣬˵ŹǼ飬ͦ棬ĵ˶ǮڰСӸĻȥˡ
Ҳûö٣֮һѣһ˺öأ˵ˣҲĵ˰ɣ˵ĻͰˣ
ŽĵĸԼһЦҪôжôĳ
㣬ĵ˸̤벽㵹ã˵ͰѶ֮֮һˣΪǰ޹˺ߵʷϵһˡ
ٺ٣˵˵˵֮һǮһأĵҩֵǮˣһССĵҩ˵֮һˣ㶫֮ԼĻλƶȲһŵҩļǮ
㲢ǽ˵
ҩļ۸ʮְ󣬼ʮݶˡ
ڵҩҩݣмλҩϡеĳ̶ȱ˵ʮˣǰҲѳһꡣ
ܴ֮󣬵ʮݱëǣʮݵһΪԼӵĲףǿǾķϣôһݳǵӦҩء
һݳǵĵ߹½϶֮ۺϻҪ࣬˵ôǿˡ
ⵤҩֵǮ
ţķڶͺˣǰΪɺԼΪɢⵤҩŻãܰǰƿ˵ҩ˲䱩
ĵĻɹֹ˻ϽҪ˵ĻϾΪⷽϣǲ㿪Цġ
˵Щҩö˵طǶҩҲΪ˵ҩЩɵҩô˵طȶҩҪ

1056 

1056  
һֱѭ׽̵Ļ
ҩûֻ˲ͬĵط˲ͬҩЧѡ
ҩЧõʹ֮ˡ
ö˵طǾ˵ҩ
ô˵طĶҩ
ҩˡ
˵˵ţҲ˻Ҵլ
صҴլʱѾǽӽʱˣһһҹδ˯ĽҲܲס⣬ֱ԰ʼ˯ߡ
ڴʱһӰڻҴլǰ˺ºȫںɫĳ֮˿׳ʲôӣֻ˫͸ñڿŻҴլʱ¶׹⡣
ա
ֱ֮ʣ𴲡
ϴѣ᳤Ҹù
ϴѣϲǴô
ĺǲ⣬˿ŮϵһˮɫĻ
ȷǸҴģ
ūź£
飬·
ıһȺŮδм䣬·ͷͿĨ֬ˮۣκЩŮǰջϵ£ټϺΪҲö֡
һ֮󣬱ĴһĽĿžеӳŵŮػصתȦ
ͦ
һˮɫĳȹȹӵ˿ĺܣһĲʡ
ϱ˷ΣջǱһһֻһȽӵӡ
һճҲͿĨ֬ˮۣһһ˿̲סͣߡ
ѯʹŮ֮Ž뷿Ļˣ˫˽ĵϣþòתߡ
ɵˣòÿҾûɣǰװϰˣе㲻
ŮװĿһΪ˶׺͵ѾûҪˣ߾װжȽϷ㣬ڶϻһЩ϶ˡ

Ҳã
޵ĽֵĲҪҪģȫûע⵽˫֮иֳ㺡
ĺͻͬʱһеʱ򣬿Ļǽһð
ʲôɲŮò
ʲôһ
ʲôһԡ
ȫȫǽĺԼվһʱʵдհ
ϣ
ϷǺ棬װӢŮװǣǶ谮㣬ŻὫʡˡ
ϳŽģٴα޵ĽĹЦš
谮Ұ׺͵ú£Ҳż̳ҵŵ㡣
Լȫȱ㡣
Ȼ仰Ĳδ˵
ŵʲôһ֪úÿʸ߳˼ӳɡ
ȱôǳ˽׽ļ֮⣬ֻбĩļ֪ˡ
Ҫ
ڻҪ
Ҫȵȵȵȣ
֮һ仰Ϊĵѣ¼Ҹ顣
ǳΪĵĵˣǾԻ¼ù飬û֮һ
˵Ҫȥô
ԣЩ¶ˣϲĻء
һһǰ⹬
ȵ⹬ʱһ͵ˡ
̫ϻԵ͹誶
һϮˮɫȹŮװĽ֮ʱĿһֻһһǣڶڿŽĵĿн͸㺡
誶ŽһЦвκԹ֮⣬һжԼһԸκνֲԼ롣
誶
Ļֺ誶չˣ誶Ž
˵誶ȻǶ֮ĹۣǶ֮ڼĵʱҲԴ
˵ףϾΪ֮ıҪȣҪеһοĿŵе֮һǮƵǿĵŭ㲻һ
ɰڽΪ̫ϻʷųĻ׼ٶŭҲֻܶƱžƣѹԼеŭ
ϣСѾͷĺǲҪٰʮģһ׷˵ǵˡ
ɣʱʲôϷ򻹲֪ôֻ˼Сզôء
ϵ˻ȥֳ棬˱ʾѾ˾ռ˵ĵ̫ϻʺͻϼ治ܣǲϡ¶ء
ߣӲһʶԼ˵ϯ˵һȺͷҲʵûȤɣ
¾Ʊָָ誶ͽĸˡ
ĸȥɣԾȥĳԣڱ




誶ǻͽģĸ˾һ±ƵĿ
ɶ˼
ôôĸ˳ȥ

1057 Ͼͷ

1057 Ͼͷ
ǰ⹬ĸˣ誶ͽĸ˱˳ȥǱϳ˻ʹ
Ļ˵ĸԼҵطԺȥôǶܡ
ʵϣҪġ
Ὺʼǰ誶ǿ誶Ư࣬˵ΪһЩԼŮ
誶ε̾һ̫үүʲôҪȥ誶յĿġ
ҲҪסСӣͽʱ
һȶ˾ƣ鲻Խɲһ𣬵ʱ췹ǽĿɾϼҵˡ
һ˵ţһߺٺٵļЦţ誶ʮıӣ
Ȼ˵ֻһ棬ڵ֪Ůӵ֮кܴһжͱ޹ء
ԼûпԷݣԲŻֳ
ǻ˵˶ܿó˼ֳϣȻҲڻҹӵϡ
ǿΪ˵׷Լĵ·֮ء
Ҳ̫үүͻе뷨֮һĻҲ½ģΪҵϱΪ֮δڱˡ
ֻ˵ֲʵʵ뷨Ҳĳˡ
ֳͻκ˶ȻȻҲ֪̫үүĸ˸ϳĿʲô
һϮˮɫȹĽĺһϮɫȹ誶еʱһ·Ļͷǽһߣ
ĸȥμ˱˳ҲֻջҳԵġ
壬ŪóԵ£
Сڣˡӣ
忴˽νջ誶ͻʱ۾ҪôжôĴ
ôС棬͵͵ŪóԵ
Լ԰һ˶¥˵䡣
Էģôһôн˵ͻʹ֮ĹϵѾˣҲûбҪ˰ɣ
ԸǼΪŵ֣ԸȻ˱䣬Ĳˣڻҵʱ棬ͻദıȽǢ
ʵ򣬻ҵĻӶ˭һӣԻҼϻ᳤ϵʱˣԽĵ̬ǰδдûᣡ
ԣ˵Խĵ̬ȾᣬֻǺһһˡ
һΧĸˣ֮֮Ĺ誶ҵδ̳˻Լġ
ιιιǽǳԷģŨôòã
ʵܲգһ誶誶˽ʲô˼豭ǳһȵҲڻա
˵û̫үүͻ϶ڳֻĸһ𣬺α˾нء
誶ˣΪֳҲԲƱʾ̬ȣĿһۻ󣬻ε̾һҲֻûؾ
ģһʳȫˣհǰźĸˣκεʧ
壬Լžͳɣ
ĵȻ֪ŵҪҲǣδĶ֮δĻҼټ϶֮ĹԼҵĿջòͣ˭˭š
мĿһ۽ģ뿪˷䡣
ɣѵþһǲ飡
˵ʵʱ䷢ǰѽĸˣҪǰһŻеͨҲᴦһһ鷳顣
ʲôʲôͷ߻ʰȵ֮顣
ʱ徻ˣֻҪҩƳ뿪֮ǰ
Ⱦƣ
һˮ¶ǣĸоζӣǺ󾢶͸ŵĸζֱԺ֮С
誶Ⱦƣ
룡
誶ԽͽĵԸڻʹдСҪڳԴöΪַֹ涼Ҫֳʼһеķ緶
ֱĵһ̣žԼǰôС
Сֲ֪Ϊδ誶Ժбŷָо
ڽǰ͸оԼһֻĽ˿ȸչ᰿ھ֮ϵķ
˵ʵڵģҪǸүһȢ㣬㿴Ҫģúÿĵ
һһľˮ¶ǣѾЩȸˣһ§誶һ־žƱƺȥ
˵Цˣ誶Ǹ
˭˭ģűŤҪͽģ
һ¶ǣ誶ļһЦ
ȻɷޣǿðǱĩļǿɶһ˲ţʮҵδ̳ˣʮؼҵӣԣŮĶҲκүĶӣ³̡ɵƾл

1058 ֺȶƬ

1058 ֺȶƬ
ĸĳ誶űĩļ⼸誶֮һ׷ġ
誶ҲȸˣߺЦ
Ҫ˵㻰ʵһ㶼뵱ʹĹطҪء
ǣʲôϡģòɣأǰɣ
ǣǣȾƣ飡
飡
Ȼ誶ͽĺȴˣŮּ粢磬ƵģǿɰҲʵͷۡ
˿ԼãۣС谮ãԶһΣգ֪õоȻɡ
誶ȶˣҲ誶Ϊʵ뷨
誶ȸ˵Ľȫˢͻ˵ۣվջ߲ϣҪһ䣬ʱԭϡҹͻȻֲƣ׵籼ӿ
ڻʱǰ˽ģûɸΪֲĺ
ãŵģֲٻ䣬Ǻǿأã
һ仰˵꣬ȸ˵Ľȥڻһ·ס˽ģŲĳȶ˵Ůˤ·ܡ
Ѿ˯ȥ誶һۻбŵĽģһĨЦڴǡ
֣ҽ֪Ĳڶ֮κһˡ
仰˵һУȻ⻰ʲô˼δŽת뿪ŻҴլķȥ
ãҸ㴵ӿۣ

Żкȶʱʱ˯ȥĽģЦˣһĨ΢΢Ϊʵᡣ
ģڶ֮ɡ
УУһҪȥء
ĻС֣˫ĿŻ
Ұһ֮Ϊȥأûڶ֮ͣ˻ϣ㣬誶ǰȻ׵Ĺ⣬ٺٺٺ٣
һ˵𶫺֮Ļ⣬ĵЦǽһթ
ʵҾ㲻Ӧþڶ֮׿ԽҪҪȥڣʱϣ
ĵĻģĳĵȴӣԽɳ
ȸ˵Ľʮֲ֣ûʲôϷľٶֻþòƽ
ֱϻصҴլʱ򣬽ĻŻ˵ͣ
˵ĶһЩеûģ²۵ȵȵĻ⣬һ԰Ž˵ŹԼ顣
ֱ˯ˣŷĵ뿪ڹŵʱĻһǰѯŶ˽չһ
ôôүүûзʲô顣
ڻϿ˵飬֪
ΪҵļĻ᳤ΪүүҲϣƺĽʧ£Ȼ塣︻
ڿǳƲܷлǴŶĽ֮⣬Ż˵û
ֻǿһۻϣ֮һλָյ䣬ת뿪˾԰»һ˴硣
ӽʧеӰʹļ׺ɸְ
󰡣ôõĻ㲻գɾҲû´ˣ
˵ô˵ӾԲ֮Σɻǿϧλˡ

ڻʹпСӱźȸ˵誶صʹʱ򣬱뵽ӺڵദһЩĻʲô췹С¶
ڣԸˣ
λСӣϽĵĴ֮󲻹ûзʲô飬øֽøĵߡ
ա
͸ڽĵϣ΢΢ıǾҵͷۡ
۵Ľĵ
˰ɣ
ĻԶԶľ˽ĺոհƺõѾݵ˽ǰ
Щ̣
֣˶٣
һУ벻ʲôֺȶƬˡ
誶˶ȸˣˣٻ׵󷨣дΪƽء
塭ôϺȶ֮󾿾ʲô飡
ŬĻţԵĻȴ˺Щ˵ľٶ
Һл߼ʱֹԼҪȻĲ롣
ܣл
Ⱥ˰ɣ
ѾȻûȫͷ۵֢״Ҳȸʱöˡ
ŵҩγɵӻһյޣȥĺУһүǺӵĵط
Сӣôˣ
үɫɷ׵Ľģǵš
û¶ȶˣүǸӵĵطܺ˵˵ô
ӣ

1059 үô

1059 үô
Ŷ
үĿ˵ʲôˣ͸СΪлӡ
ӵĵطں㺣ĺӦǣ
ܶǰˣЩǲʲôط񵽵ӣλǺ㺣
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үĻӡ֤˽ĵĲ롣
ԭֻǽԺһ뷨һʣԼĻҲ֪ܵүѰҵСӵλãҵɢ굤Ҳ˵׼
Сӣʲô֮ô
ûУһʣүɺã
Ĳ˻⣬үҲûټ׷ȥ
ȻǺõĲˣһлҪСӵĸأϴСӴ߹ǿǸǺдţеϴѯ߹ǵ䡣
үҲô
һү˵үҲˣҪһе
үߵĸڿĵʱҲһ㶡
ô⣿
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ĹЦţǰ½к
½һ⣬û뵽ġ
Ұеģ׼ȥⲻΪһЩ鵢үô
ϰ̫ã²Żĺȡ߹ǣû뵽߹Ѿûˡ
һү̫ãüͷ
үôˣߵʱүǺúõô
ĻүʱЩɣų˲
½˵Źү飬ʵܴһҲΪ͸үϾ
үҪϾеһбǰͰ࣬޲
֪ΪΣүڿһ֮ŭ壬ҪϾеԼΪǹɲ֮Էɡ
˵ĺг߹ǣ˵Ҳ½еԭ
û¶ڣ
Ŀó½ĵүƣһӣӽָгһö߹ǡ
үһذס
á
ӹүذףİ߹һΪһӻ˽ָһֽ½
һһдһŵӣҩеĲүʱҩһĸãүԼΪһҪע⣬ڲɽӴ֮
½һҪμԼ˵Щ򲻿ɴһ֡
үΪǰò׵ĵҩẦү
߹ǵĹЧȻǿ󣬵öҲãзá
дҩ½һҪҩĲһ
л𣡡
½ĵҪ¹򣬽æס½
˭˭үƽұ˭ģͻȥүܷʲô鶼Ҫţڲʱ򡣡
֪ˣл𣡡
½Ű߹ǺͽĿŵҩ뿪Уүɵֻ˴׼ȥ߹½С
ںүһЩ֮Ҳ׼صңڰ;ȴһӰԼ󣬶ǺӰϱŷɱԶƵɱ
ĹźУҲ֪ĵĿʲôδκξ⡣
˵ɣҵĿʲô
ĵһ˫Ŀǽϣһº۵ĺˡ
˵ʵﱾܵķУ󳯾ɲȺɵƾһװ硣
Կ϶һ飬ǰĺ˲󳯾ɲ˵ΪʮǿҪ˦󳯾ɲȺʮ֡
Ȼƺشĵ⣬˵ʱʱ죬һӰ˲ڽǰһذױֱĴġ
˵Ķ죬Ϊߣ˵ͽĲ¡
һĶ㿪˺˵ʽü΢΢һĨЦǸֶ
һСˣ
˵ΪСɽ벻һ飬է֮Ӷԭķ֮⣬û˽ԵΪҪɱԼ
ɱ֮ǰܸܲһɡ
ŪһΪʲôĵҪɱԼжǱɱ
˵ΪȻտȴҲûһʱ̵֣֮ϷŪϷŪȥèץ֮ǰ٩һ
ˣɱ㣬ԲҰһڣ
вɣ͵ʲô˾ˣ
һˣĸһ±ơ
ںһαһ̣һǿϢǵصϮϻص͸ǿѹ
ɱĵʱ򣬻ϳˣǿ̬˺ˡ
ǺһһʧڻϺͽĶǰ
СѾͷʲô鷳˵ΪͰ

1060 

1060 
ϲĿŽģҲһ±ơ
Ҳ֪ͺл˾Ҫɱңˣ͵ʲô
ԽԼһŽʲôôͻȻð˻Ҫɱ
вɣӱ¿˰ɣ
벻׺˵ĿģصҴլ֮򵥵ĳ˼ڷ˯ˡ
ա
أƵҩķ䣬ҩ¯һ̣ʮŵҩҩ¯֮УÿһŵҩɢĪǿϢ
ŵҩƳɹһɨĵ׵߿ŵҩŽ˽ָ棬ŵҩֱ͸˻Ϻͻ
ʯƳĵҩôȻˡ
֮Ļһʱղµݴʣⵤҩúܡ
ȻҩƺˣҲ˵һ飬СѾͷҪˡ
ҽһˡ
øȥɡ
ľܾ˻ϵĺ⣬һǰ˻ʹ
ʹѾʱ֮ˣڵ֪ĵʱæеĹ˹ǰŽǰ⹬
ڵ֪ҪߵʱүһĲˬ
ôӳò㣬Ƕ֮ʳóԣôôҪˡ
ĻεЦЦ
һ֮жĿĵ˵±ûвɢ֮ϯ
˵ţ㽫һöҩ
һöҩΪʲڼضܳΪһ֣ټǰָ㣬ܿͻᲽߵľ硣
ʮŵҩеһű͸ģΪл
Ͼʱ仹ҪлչˣȻԼôᱻóԺúȵչˣһȦˡ
СѾͷ濴Ӱ
ǰ˵Цˣ׿ԽֳÿΣֻŮ֮鰮ѡ
õõã֪Ҫ˵ʲô
Ƚ˵껰үӾʹҪ˵ȥĻ
ȻȥѾҲͲ˵ʲô֣ɶܽͱӵ֣ӽҲûϵ
߽ģȥ֮ضڶΣգĸ۵ħʲôͱ֡
ãǾͶлǰˡ
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Ļڸ߽Ѿ˵Ҫȥһپͳˣ˵ͻʦǧ
ǰղ˵˭
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һᵽǸСʦ۶ǳ֮顣
СʦͱԼҪС࣬Ϊȴһһĸ߳˵߹½Ͷ֮û˻СʦĶ֡
ǧԡǰܺ˵˵ڷǧԵô
ǰһеڷǧԵһУǲ⣬˵ǧйص֡
ľţԽԽ˵ľ˾ơ
ǵ˵˾ںǰͳȥεСʦž˾ȴԶԶĵطԴ֮Ҳûм˾˵Ӱ
ǰݵķǧ׿˵ľ˾˾ͬһˡ
СѾͷСʦʲôʶ
ţǷģǧ׾˾ˣǰ֪֪Ҿ˾ʲôط
ģ
ȵȡ
¿ŽģȷȷʵʵСʦôЩ񣬹ֲܾһĪϤоһŷѾͷʮֵĺԵء
Ƿģнİݣ
ԣнī޼ɽţɵѩƺϾѩǳסүүʮݵƴ
ԱţȻ֪޼ɽϾʮʲôض׽Ŀе˱ضǸΪĴڡ
Сʦȶ˵ʱ˵ʮģݺݵһٽİݡ
Եְû뵽СѾͷȻСʦŮӾӦýСʦˣʦС̣
飬һ뱻˽ôϣǺƽһͿˡ
æ֣ʾǧʲôʦС̣˵ⱲֶԲԣ˵־ʮˡŤ
ʲô̵̲ĲҪҪ˾ںη
ǰҾ˾Ķ
СʦСʦӦþǰʱһյСʦϢСʦ˵ҪȥС

˾ҲĻǾٺòˡ
ԼҲҪǰԼ˵еľ˾ˡ
ЩβסĽĺ޲Ͼ͵Ǳ֮󣬽׼صҴլʰңȻǰ
ǣڻػҴլ·ϣֱסȥ·
ˣձ뿪
ֵܣ¶ôҲĸɰɣ͵ʲôˣ㲻֪ݺǲµô
סȥ·Ľ˫ֶżµĴźˣŪԼôˣػɱǼҾˡ
ĪþȱĳҪɱˡ
Ǹ
ߣ˻ң
һҲˣжǮҪ
ڶӿʲôҪôǮҪôȥ͵顣
Ȼ˪Ǽ֮⣬ϾʱҲ³ų²ߵġ
һˣŲҰǹӽȥ
Щŭˡ
֪Լʲôӽˮļһδɱϵˡ
οҪ뿪ǰ굤;˾ˣûʱͺϹ
ҵ޶ȵġ
ļ˲뿪ɫһȷˣӰиֳεķֱӴ˵ļ
һ˲䣬˶ֺݺݵسסĵһȭ
ˣֶξȻգ
գ㶼ұˣѲҴ֮ǰҪҴôÿ죬ҪȻұ֤ǼպӾ
ר˵·˱Ĵ
ҼڴˣҲҪûӡ
ۼŽһȭк˵Դһȥ˵ԿǱض顣
ͽһȭк˵Դ֮ʱͣ˾ٶ
ӣʲôӣ
ľӣװ굤ľӣĪҪװɵ㶡
Ŷ
֪˺׷ɱԼĿĲҽԼ˵ԭˡ
ķ֣ǰԼñ׵ˣ˵ĺѾĴ䣬©һųû㲻ϧѪ
үҵģүҲں㺣񵽵ӡ
⻰ǵ档

1061 ȵĺ

1061  ȵĺ
üͷŽϵı鲢˵ѣĪŪˡ
ƭʲô
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ɽı뿪ʱȴץס½ǡ
ط
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ʲôʳҩʲôϴ·ȵȵȵȣ
СѾͷϷ֪ˣ
ҪģСѾͷʧɢ׾˾˾УҲ㿪˵ʲôˡ
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˵ţ۾תʱ̧͵͵Ĳ۽ǵˮ
֪ǲΪʹ˵Ĺϵ᲻СѾͷ뿪
Ȼүദʱ䲻ɣɺͰѽĵԼŮԴ
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ҪŽһȴҡͷܾˡ
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˴ĿͽĵıӰʧУֱʧںƽԶ
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ǻϣȻ˵ⳡ棬ڰͽ뿪
˿ϣһĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϣȻѾ˶ᡣ
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ӣڿˣ
ѾԶۿڵĽĲ֪ΪԼһ仰ǰѧ֪Լصڵʱ򣬱ĩֻתһôͷ۵ĵӡ
뿪ǰһ·ֻҪͣһۿڱɡ
ۿڱ˽֮һϣҲǵĴ㲻ǰˡ
ϣʣµ·ҪԼˣмҪСΪϣ
л壬һЩӣ°ɣ
ĸһʼֵƵӶ𣬱Ͼ˽ٽ㣬ųɾŵ˶ǹغ˽ĵİΣҲͽĵ˴
ɼˣҲֹֻǰʣµ·ֻýԼǰҸ˰Ĺ˴ǰС
˰
ټĸۿڳѾȥ֮⣬һ˶ûУȥҰ˰Ĵ
ʲôʲô
ʱһҴĿۿڣдĴŶңϸƬ̧ͷһ۽м־֮⣬ת˲ɢ
࣬ȥôܱ˵ģһǧƽ𡣡
һǧƽ𣿡
۸湻ģǵһ˵˰
򿴳˽ʲôű̴ӳҲż
ۿڿȥȥЩĴ򣬾ǧƽҲдڸˣǧƽȥ
ۣǳ׼˽ĶȻǰҪһҴ˵ô۸񻹲
úʵȴһݺݵضӡ
ʱһӰڽĵߣһѿտҲĺŭ
Ķأʲôط
硭㻹ô׷ᣬҵˣ
˵ȹҪ
ˣȻҵԼ
˵Ķʲôط
֪ү͸ҺӵʱǿģҪȻӴ¸ʲôҹ
İ˺һۣ˵ϹԼ֪档
Žĵı飬˷ѡ
ѵ˵ǿģ
ֵܣ˵Ķ᲻뵽ʱҵĺܣҹſܱ˭˭˭Ҳ˵׼ʲô
ʲô㲻֪˵ȷʵе
˵˵ͷΪĵĻҲ˵ùȥҪȥҪ뽪һȥѰ涪ʧĶ
ҲɣȥҲҪ죬ܻӦһ¡
˵˳Ͽңüͷһ
ź˵ľٶҲͬһ׼Ľ
뵽˷ǵûһǹ˫ַǰ
˵һ
°֮ǰֶеСӼ¡
һʼ֪ǰС֮ˣ׷εĴɱٶһ׷ӱʧٵ䡣
Сƴ˴ǰӣ֣հһݣ
飬ܲܲ𣬰ֵܿ
æǰܲ˴Ǹ⡣
У⺢ǲе̫ƭˣеĲˡ

1062 Ǹɵ

1062  Ǹɵ
ΪܸߣҪֵ£սʤġ
ǣĵĪ⣬ҲһƣһͲ֪ʲôط任һ󷨡
ټ֮࿴Ǹ׺ӣʵϡôأ
ýĵĻ˵еȱ
Ҳǵȱ۵ز̫ˡ
͵һһΪǸǵΪߣϾܺͽĽֲһڵ˲࣬һٶıƭ˵Ļ˵׼ʲô
Сֵܣһδлˣһƾ㡱
ջеĽİҵһջջϰǸ࣬İ׳ϰ΢΢üͷĹأʲôʣʲô֪ȫġ
ȾƺȾƣ
ЦЩǿ˴Сײˣе㲻ġ
ҲðСײˣԼߵͻ
Ǹʲôȣȥ¥Ϣһᣡ
˸¥ڴ߿ֵĻ档
һ˲䣬ڿеаϢҲ֪ôһ¶ָһ˲ŷһâУǹâʧӰ١
˵Ľָսͷ߻ʵʱôҪǴӼʹֵĻָ;ͷ߻ʴʲôʱء
ӣûио굤Ϣ
ĶǺ굤ˡ
аϢħ
΢ӦڶϷ򣡡
ֻܲ굤ϢڶϷ򣬾嵽ʲôطͲö֪ˣֻеڿһЩʱܸо굤Ϣ
ŴӱԵĽں˵Ź굤飬Ľֵ϶һƬ
ˣŽһĿ˲ڵϣеĸǱ˴˰кݺݵڵϰϰϵĽš

֮ǰ쳣ĻңܶŹʲôĸϡƽˣÿ˶
ǰһȻˡ
֤ǬһȺ޳֮ͽȻǿһŮô
ɵưѣֵǸᣬҪǲֽжү־͵д
ү׺ݵĻ£㿴һȺ˳
ſڴԭ׼ϷĽȷʵšüͷղ˵ôôϤ
ǰǸСײ˵
Ǻ񣬵ĿһΧеĺ֮ʱѾȷ˴˲ǰ𻹻˭
¥³ԷôôܵϺͱ˴ˡ
࣬ǰĶ֡
һյĹڰǿʽ֮£ʮֱֻУһڵš
ĻڹӴԺ׼ٷд˵Ϊݹ飡
Ϊ׵үĲ뿪ˣ뿪֮ǰе׺ݹâ˱֮ġ
һƣҰԴ˿װʲô⣬أǲǱˣʣµȫһˮ
⹷ʱôȻȺ󻼣жɣ
ѾԶȥһȺʮֿ϶Ⱥһġ
ɵXⰡ
ľֱ¥ߵ¥µʱ㿴ڰοűŮ
а֪Ӣ۾˰ӵʱô֣
һƺȥ
İһ⣬عͷŽģ˫дʡ
СܣΪԵ޹ʴң
㣬ҪûеͰж˿ˣôʣֵܣ㻹벻Ҷˣ
Խ˵ԽһŹֱݣǿŭ֣˰ļϡ
ֵܣôڵģ
ȻʦҸ
ĻشŽĵ⣬֮ʱûƢ
Ҹ硭Ҵү
С˵ЦˣҲ곤㼸ѡ
Ҫ˵ʲôæֹ뿪Լ־ᶨܲסĴ
ȱ죡
ֱƹ𣬽ߵŮߣ¿ǰŮӡ
ӣҲƽˣЩǮţ
ŮŽģϱŵĻ֮ʱһ˫ˮɫŹâ
ϻӶ
ǣⶫǴģװã
һק˱·ϵĻ£뿪֮ǰϱ·ϵġ

1063 ˼û

1063 ˼û
ջϵ˼˵ֻҪϣʮҦҪļֱ档
ϻӶ
Ů鼤ľץסģˮɫӸ˸Ĺâ
ǣϻĶϣѾְˣ
оŮҪԼȿ˵껰Ůͨһ˵ϡ
ȾҸףҸױЩȺ񱻹֮УȾҸף
Ůеˮžĵ۵ĺܣ㽪ˡ
ǣúˣԼΪΣأټһҪѰ굤ΣȻö˵
˵ŮڿҲóʲô
ûӦŮ󣬷֮ĳбȴһڴӦŮ
ģħΪҷ֮£ȹ︸׵ͽҺСܡ
ӽˮ˰ɣʲôһȥ
İһ۰ʱ˿̿Ժȷһ飬Ǹвɵȱ
֪ԷǺ˻˾ְԷʲôݱʹӦ˵
ǸѾСˡ
СܣʦСͽ̵һֱˣλѣ֮
ǣӦҿûдӦ
ľԼбҪͰޣٺɵӹͬ´Ⱦϰɵ
ڵϵŮĿһֱڽĵϣȷ˵ǿŽժһӡ
ڱץ֮ǰһֱǰ֮ѰϻӶŵĻ᳤ϻӶǰϣֳµ
λ֪ӶĹأλܾȳҸףԸü굤ΪӶ𣡡
ȵȣ
ںͰ𳳼ܵĽֹס˻תͷ˵Ů
ô굤
ĵһֱŮ֡
Ϊʲô굤굤ΪʲôŮУǰŮ˭
Ů˿Χƺʲôǡ
˵
ջ¥żУĸŮһˮҪ˼Сʳ
ѾûгԶŮ̻ʵĳȵķˣӵһҶûзŹ
ֱŮԱ֮Ŀ˽ĺͰϡ
ҽƶҵŮǰʱҵʮ㡭
ƶ˵Լ˵Źжϵ顣
ɢĲڴϵĽƶ˵飬ͽʱ䶫֮һϵлϵ
˵˼Ľ粻ɶ֮Ļϻ᳤Ϲͬػ֮еҲѳڲ硣
ҲΪˣʮܻѺ˰յ֮УûĹǣʼٵаŴʱ˼䡣
ƶ˵굤ǰӵе
ҲʮҪõĶ
˭Ҳ뵽ôҪ굤ȻһŮҲֻ֪굤ڡ
İ˫Ŀʼնƶȷ˴˻֮󣬻ʡ
ҽˣӶҵ굤ش⡣
Ŀı굤ģ֪Լ׾˾˾УʵһǺ굤йأһڡ
ö굤ȥеһö굤ŵںδУʲôط
ƶЩ㵵ĿŽģô֪ö굤ڵϢ
Ҫ㸸ףð֪һһʮĸǣС
Ŀ˿ƶϡ
ҳϹǣ˼ƶЧǸľԴزϲͣԹ»Ǳ˷ʱˡ
ƶȻÿһ˶Լˣ˸Ҫı䲻ʲô
˵Ϊ絽һ죬ʮͲᷴѣⶼǲܵ顣
ƶʼ˵ʱһֱ˵ǻʹ˼öΪ
˼
ǻ˵Ļĵƶ֮С
ֻϧǸŮģǸľԴڲϵ֡
ڽϾƶҲΪ̰ɫֻǵΪְˡ
ǰèĻҲһȵġ
ƶЦЦȻ˵Ĺʮֶġ
ȻСӽ˵ôֱףҲٱʲôˣȴö굤һöУһöʥҫУһöСӿʵУϷ򣬱裬κһ޷룬޷߳

1064 ˫ַ굤

1064  ˫ַ굤
֮УһֲĴڡ
񼫵Ƕᱻץ֮УһֻҪţһһ뿪
ƶ֪֮ö굤䣬Ϊʮ֮ۡʱڰ˵ĶԻ
ƶ˵ۡշ飬üͷ
Ļ˵ʮҲѰö굤
ǣǸֻҪλܰҸ׾ȳ˫ַ굤
ƶĻֻ治٣׵һöСС굤ʲô
ҶԷϻӶĶϣҲϣˣеһжѹ˽ĺͰϡ
ɰɣ㸸׵ͽǣ㣬ʱڿջбҶҪȻʮץȥǻľ㣬ʱɲ굤ˣ
Ҫ鷳
ƶʱƶȫĲӣ˭Ҳ൱ջԻ͵ĹΪһؤŻڻ˽ա
ڽշ飬Ҳע˵ģðƶȻƶе֪굤䡣
и⣬˾ȥʲô
Ϊ˷Ůװһ£ȥ㶫
ֱӿڽаǶȻˬҲԼľٶҲԶĪΣա
ʲô
һ·µİ𣬽һ˹ȥ
СܣΪĴô
ŽǲĴҪ
һʦ̵Ļ£ΪػҪĶ㸶ҲǣѵҪǣȻ˵ϻ˺ܶ࣬İ˺ˣǱһ¡
վڰǰűԼ߳һͷˣҲ˫֮еʣ֣Žżļϡ
ʦ̵ûҲûдǲܽҪѰŽȥ¶Ҫñͨ˼ܶʱթδزһ¡
Ҳ֪ôο
ǱȽϲǸΪɱԼһеĶ
˷ſģ
Сܣ
οİ𴽽ǸֳһĨЦ⣬űԼ꣬ǸоǺʦһһܰ
Ȼ˰Ըֱлл㡣
˵һ仰ŲҰԴ򿪻ˣ
˰һۣ³һǿѹŭ
ˣ˭Ըˣ
뿪˿ջʱʱණ
¿ضİ𣬷΢
ȥһװλ̨Ҫ׻ǳޡ
̵ƹ˵ЩǴ·ĶҾˣ
һװ֮⣬ȣ彣ڣ顭
飿ʲôһҡ
ϰ˵Ǹ˿ģܱƽ
ʮظųϰÿһ仰ÿһ֣ҧ촽ͷĸ
£ʱϽǰʧ
Ŷ
ҲԼˣһɶ֮˲ʧڿջС
ۣСӺͰ﹫ӵĸĽ
ĽҪĽĻҰ͸㡣
ĽװӸƶת뿪˷䡣
Ľƶίе飬ΪӶҵ굤
֮˵Ǻ绽ǱʮѣҹѺС
֪ʮҲʲôǵҪоˣ͵һЩΣϵ͵İ취
Ļǵƶ˵ö굤λãһʥҫУһڡ
еѰ찡
ʥҫʵΣ
ѯƶʥҫΪôߣʮıΪ͡
Ҹ˵ʮͨʥҫΪߣ۷֮УʥҫóһԻ󣬳һߺѳ
Ϊ۷֮УǾͺ˵ˡ
ʥҫóĻֻҪҲûˡ
£Сײ㿴ŹȥʥҫĸۡһȦ
ѾԺıһϵеļƻ
ҪȳǼ֮£˭Ҳ֪ʮûиΪǿߴڡ
˵һվҪȥʥҫĸۡõʥҫе굤ôӳˡ
ү͸ŵ굤Ѿȫȫˣ˵һö굤̵״̬ͻͽ̤ɳڡ
һö굤ĻʮһΧƾͶʵټϴҲԲһˡ
뵽ˣмƻԶһʧڿջС
ܴ󣬲еһô򵥡
ǽһЩ˴а֮ˣЩڤ

1065 

1065  
ֻʱƣܱ˼ȻĴ֮ǡ
֪ܴ󣬵жôĴ˭Ҳֻ֪ľ֪
ӿջ뿪ѾʱʱˣĴĶһֱʥҫۡнš
ȻǰУ֪²ܸеʥҫĸϡ
ڣ֮ǰǵʥҫĸۡ
͵͵ȥȻʳ굤ڣԲˡ
˺ȺԵĽ˸ۡۡŵƽʺòϲ죬֪ʥҫϲӡ
Ҳ
춼վԼһߣ켣ȺУĽ˸ۡ
ǰص˻׷Ϻֵ˽ģд˵Ϲܼ¿һ۽ģҫ߶꣬δס
ţǺˡ
Ȼǰ֮ˡ
˵ţĴӻó˽ӣ˵Ȳ˵ʲôɽˮֻɽӲӵĽޱҫۡ
һЩܹͺġ
ȥɣԼҸض¡
ܼҲûоʽĵݣʾͨС
ڹؼһָǸûɵƤҡ
Ļ켣ʥҫĻϯС
ôζһ㣬Ҳˮ˵ùȥһζ
ˮȻúȣҲǵԼʥҫۡĿʲô
СǸʲôôûôõһƤҡ
ڽߵĽҪСһôģƤôá
ӿǴϺзߣ
һ˦ͷ뿪λé
˵öĶ֮࣬ûбʶݣغϵĽָĪĹϵ
˵ףһŵĶһ˵©˱¶Լݣⲻһսݾˡ
˱ϣаŮ
Ѱǰһᣬ˳Ŵķ϶ڴϿӡ
ӦǸ࣬ϲûԼа֮ôضʥҫӣ
ףŮТźˣŮһ
˵ţӽеļԼ
ڹؼʱ̽ļʱֹ֣ӵԲΪ
ʲôˣΪҪֹң
ȱż¶
Ĵ˿ȷϳ֮ޱ˴ڣӿ֪ʥҫرĵط
ȿͷһ˫Žġ
͵ô
͵õе㲻ǡɣȽϴһ㣡
ĺٺٵЦš
ܰŪôܵĻұʥҫرĵط
ӵĻýʮɣ´űԼҪСŮӡ
һҳԣ˵
Ҳδڲƭ㣬ʥҫΪһĴȥرĵطӦҴ뿪һرĵط
ڽŽ
ҲǰͻȻܴܲȥչһ˿ϣ˾Ѿûʲôµˣ
ôȷ
ģκڲƭΪú
Լ䷢ģ˼һͬ⽫Ūȥ
ֻһ˴ʥҫĸۡЩѣһζһžųˣŴŮ
ôʥҫĸۡۼص֣ԼȻûˣɴһ˻еѶˣҪΪ굤ʥҫС
ô뿪ʥҫۡʱһŲ
ˣ
ʳ굤䣬ұ֤ͳ
ɽ
ҲģܽΣҽһء
һ˫˳ĴֽƿһϮµӻ߽ϲ
ڹĽ͸϶ϲɹ٣ɣʮ֮һʥҫ
ӱӰӦǸ˧ӣֻЩ棬ʥҫǸʲôƷֵ
ʥҫعͷʱ򣬽Щֳ
ûʲôͷֻʥҫʵ֡
һǻɵĿӣֻһ˫ö䣬̫ˣ
ǿЦ⣬ļȥ
ӣҵĴϲӣ֪ǸҲģǵ˵ʱҰģʱ򱾾Ͱˡ
ʥҫ˵ԼһĹ£һȻǸܰ¡
ʵԶˡ
ɱ˺Ƹ磬ǿ°ô
̧˫һ˫Ѫӷ⡣
ʥҫǰزյۡ

1066 һϷ

1066  һϷ
ӣΪúðġ
ʥҫǰһ߻һ·
ڹĽĵɴ۾ǰݵһĻӻҪš
Բۣ
ôҲʾʾô
ţ
ʥҫҪһʱֹľٶ
ѾץˣһҲˡ
̾һһֿһеĸо
Ȼ˵㰮ңǾ֤ҿ
ӵĻʥҫЦ鼤ӵ֣ǱôĿˡ
ôֻ֤Ҫ˵ǱҲժ
򵥣㲻ʮ֮һôȺ˵ʲô굤ıֻҪҰ굤õǰҿһҾĵġ
˵굤ʱʥҫĶȻ
Ӹ֪ʱıܷӦ
ô֪굤
ô֪ģû߲ȫ㡣
ӵ̬Ӳʥҫ˼Ƭ֮˾
ۡȫʥҫˣֻܽһ࣬ʲôٶ
ãԵƬ̣ȥȥ
£ʥҫһӱ㴩·ߵʱ򣬻ŽĹغ
ӵĿ⿴ĶصĹӡ
ǵ˵Ļ
һӵʱ䣬ʥҫˣлһСӡ
ӵʱ򣬽ȷĶ굤ûˣүҲСӡ
ԭΪǶеģû뵽ӡ
ʥҫ󿴿ֿȷ³ûб֮⣬СԿ״ӡ
ӿһɲǣһҫ۵Ĺâֶŵ˫ۡ
ûᣡ
Ŀ׼ʱһӹʥҫûзӦһ̣ץ굤˽ָ֮С
ԵĽ֣⽫·˺ϵġ
Ǻˣ굤
ŻʥҫŭĽģɴʱĽȴߣв֪ʱһذ״ӵദ
ӲŵĿŽģڽӴɫʱһ˹ȥ
ܽ
ӱɱʥҫ˲䱩ߡ
ЦţιȵĶʥҫűߡ
ߣˣ굤мֱ˷ѣɱ㱣ܰɣ
˵ţԼٶʧʥҫĸۡ
ŴϱѪɫȾӣʥҫ˫ֶŶ
׷ɱ̿ͣɱ⣡
ʥҫͬۡȫɢѰҽģʱӦԶȥĽȴۻʥҫۡϲһҩιߡ
죡
߾ҵʹ˵ͷıӣ뿪֮ʱһѻ𽫷ȼΪ˷ֹʥҫɣӽȥһŮʬ塣
Ŀʥҫе굤ʼƻγˡ
굤ȻԣҲĿ֮´뿪֮أ
뿪ԺҲƽһϷʥҫǰڴ֮С
һûˡ
һĸӰһ˿ڡ
һƤˡ
ҽܽлСӾ֮
ҲҪлܽʳ굤䣬ˣҵõ굤
ʥҫ굤ڱȵȫһö굤֮Ǿ㹻ʱȥƶĸס
ڴ֮ǰҪӰȫͳɡ
ܽ뿪Ҫ֮㸸ĸҲҪҸطסǡ
˵ţĴϽӶĻ·ܽС
ȥӶᣬһдһŽ㣬ֻҪŽϱɡ
õʥҫе굤ܽ﹦ûûܽĻǴʱ˿̵ĴҷʥҫҲ˵׼
˵Ǳӱġ
СϢ֮󣬽ĺܽһƥܽڽĵбׯߵӡ
ֱܽĸۿڣۿڴԾͷĴ
ϣⲻСôôôҪ뿪ˣ
ǧƽ뿪ϻĻ˰ɣͷҷˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϣĵĻھŴұ˼
һκεʧϻᶼŹġ
ڿ᳤ʱҲ࣬žžવĳһ̸֮󣬽ӹ˽еĽӡ
СӷģдϳΪһᰲȫͳ뿪֮ҾͲˡ
Ȼ
лӾ֮
ܽŽ񣬶̤˴ֻнԶֱʧڽĵС

1067 һӻˮ

1067 һӻˮ
ܽĻص˿ջС
ջصջ㿴һȺΧڿջǰƺʲô
Ĳ鲻ԣ˫Ⱥ˿˵Ļ
ǿɿˣ
ʥҫһϻһˣ˵ģĽô
ڽĻصʱһ·
Ҵû֪λүɷʲôôʥҫôôصļǮʹˣ
㲻Ҫ֪д˵Ͽң
֪ˣ֪ˣүߣ
ҲҴȥҲҴңջϰڿһ۽ģƺһ˿˿ľȣҲû˵ʲôġ
ʥҫʧĶȻ굤ǰһĻҲǱضʥҫӡ
Ϊʲôô˵
ԭ굤ʱһνԳΪ
Ҫ֪ԳƱ˳ʮ֮⻹˭
ôԭܼ򵥣Ҳʥҫϵʮ֮Ϸ˲Ҫĸҡ
ңƶĿнҲ֪һ飬Ȼ˵ʮַѽץǣʮ˭˭
˵ŻһĻ
ص˿ջУĿɫͨ죬ĶӶҪѪ
ôˣ
Ķͷ̣ɲǷյ֢״Ƿɧˣ
ңҡҿƶ壡
𡭡㣬סڣ
µʱһƶߺһǸո·һ˳
ƶҷŲǹģȻӣһḺģ
Ϻаֵܣû뵽㿴ȥʵͽģﾹȻһӻˮ
´Űû뵽Ǿ仰ô˵˵ģԣͽ
СӣһкͰûʲôϵֻڻ·ʱ򣬰˽ѣ
ƶŸղŷһУ˵鲻ǰκһ˵Ĵ
ǣľԴ׼һͻףƶô˵һ仰ȻҿӣôҾͻḺ𵽵ס
ƶģȵСܾȳ㸸֮ұ㸸ף
һ̬ʮ˵飬ƶԭأҲýЦĿˡ
ԸǸÿػǿأˣ˵飬ˣȽл˵
ڰҪҪȢƶ˵һȫԼ顣
ߣʦĽ̵Ļ˵ǳħʿ
ƶŮ壬塣
Ȼ𲻽ƶݣһ˵ʲôء
ĿദļΪεĶˣһŲˮ
˵ôȥĻû˵ˣ
Ҫ˵֮ļƻϾҪʮоȳһ򵥵飬ٵȵӽ굤֮ǰǻҪı
ңļƻǣ˽һˣҲҪƶͰϡ
С˵š
С˵
ƶ˫˫ڣͬʱĬ
ˣǰŰɣ
˵յļƻ
ʥҫе굤ʮ֮ìܣҲ˵ʥҫʮ֮ϲ˸ҡ
ôҪǽȵ
ƶҼǵ˵ʮҲ㸸е굤
Сӵ˼˵ó굤ʮ֮һô
ĵͷƶǸϻ۵Ůһ͸
෴ȴû׹ô¶Ҳý͡
ʮ֮˭ʵǿȺ

ƶȱ뵽ʮе
ʮ֮ףʵ£ǰԸƧƢ𱬣ʮ֮Ӵ١
ʵϸ˵һˣֻΪһЩħΪħǿڡ
飬ƶ֪Ҳֻ֪࣬Ѿ࣬ΪħǿΪһ
ʮѵ֮գʮַѲ٣δֻ֣ԹһС
벻Ҫ굤
룬ʮÿһ˶õ굤Ҹ˵굤һʮǿĶҲ޷ֻߡ
ƶĻðҲʦ˵Ļ
뿪֮ǰʦҲ˵¼֮ûκħ굤
ҲΪʲôŽ˵ĻȻǰǰ֪Ľָһ˪
ƶӦ֪ڲƺΪΪһжվͬһϡ

1068 ľԴ

1068 ľԴ
һУ罪˵һ
˾һϵƣݺƶףϾǸʮִϻ۵Ů
Ҳţƶȳ׵飬ضᰴ˵ÿһ仰ж
ˣֻҪܾȳҸףȫСӵġ
ƶŽģΪֻܽеϣѹڽİ˵ϡ
ãƶҺͰҪȥ굤
Сӵ˼ҶѰҪ굤ҵô죿
ƶĵһ㡣
굤ȥͶϣΪʮ֮ʵΪǿħȻ
ǣˮõ굤֮ǽȥˣһеļƻͻˣʧȥ굤
ԣǾҪʵеڶƻ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĴϵһĨЦƶͰȫë
ڶƻʲôƻ
ƻҲҪ֪һа˵ȥͺãң
мƻĺƶһõ굤֮󲻽ûбǣƵ˷˼⣬ͰǿҲԲֵʮοӻû˵ڶö굤Ҫһʱ䣬굤ʱ䡣
ƶͰصĽģǧʣѡš
һ仰ұҪ˵ף㣬ľԴ
ĵ˰ϣһмƻʼ֮ǰҪʮ̬߰һЩ顣
ȵĸ֮ۡЩЩǾԲġ
ԼнָϢ߲ܰȵػڣȫƾǹϢаһֻ֮
ǰҲ˵ǧħ֮⣬иָУбһֽϢ
û´Ļ֮ǻ֮Ҫ߲ûбȺʲôףΪࡣ
ľԴǽҪȥͶϣҺƶǰʣµκʱ㲻׼˵һ仰ֻͷҡͷô
ס
صĵ˵ͷĵĻʲô˼˵öĶ࣬ɴ಻˵Ϊá
ǱƶκҪ˺ƶ˻ħͳɣڵݾƶɶ
ģƶİȫȻᱣ׵Ҫƶĸ뿪ף
ͲǼ¶ôѾ˵Ҫ㸺ˣ
Ǽ飬ƶɫߺ޲Ҹطȥ
˵ˣѾ˵ҪκθΪô顣
ʦ˵ŮҵΪҪŮҵ壬Ҫ𵽵ףΪκϣ
СӣȰȰɣ
ƶԼڶţ٣˵
ңҪ˵ͨͲľԴˣҲˣ
ҡҡͷʾϵɽ͹գۣȰͷȴȫȫûκηӡ
˼άѾķΧ֮УʦԳ֣ҪȻʴ˶ÿá
˵Լ֮뿪˷䣬ڰƶ飬Լȥɡ
¹⣬
ҹһֹС
εļ֮УǰδδŵСһӦȫ
ô˵ҲǸʮŮһСҲ̲סŪ
ʲôú棡
һԣȥûʲôϡ棬ֻҪлǰɹСֲͻ˲ſһŴͽȥȻָֻԭӡ
ʳ˲ݣɺˣСҪҪһؼңȳ˲׽ೢʣ
ˣҾͿ
Цţ뿪̯λȥһ̯λ
ò˵ļĺ棬ûмС⣬תһʱʱ͹ȥˣɽĻʸ޷԰Ρ
ʱеһҾƹ⣬·˾ƹݱŵһɼŨľ㡣
ΪȾˣɼˣŵҲ߲
վھƹǰſˮ֪ԼǸýȥûǸ뿪ĺá
ȥɣ֪᲻ȶƬˣȥɣôõľˮʮֿϧ
ԥԥȥ̤˾ƹݣǿһС̳˳
˵һС̳ƾ͹Ҫ磬Ҳɵġ
ž̳ӵĽһͤ˾̳ӵķ࣬˲䣬һɼŨ
㣡
СޡܸܲϷҲһڡ

1069 ǰ

1069  ǰ
Ĵ˾̳ʱ߲֪ʱһ뷢԰׵ߡ
ŴǣĿŽģĿڽǰǾ̳ϡ
СޣϷͺһڣɲɣ
üë֮£ߵҪôϿҾжôĳϿҡ
һ㣬һŶ
һ˺ȾҲȤģʾ棬Сһ
ΪСһԭ̳ѾǾƹݼһ̳ˣϼ֮ʣµĴڸʦҲһ
ϣСǸ֮ˣ
߿֮ĸ֣ƺѾ֪˽ݡ
ڶߴóһ룬
үӣҵһο־ƺȵԼһ¶
ٺ٣Ϸϣ
ĸүӵһƣָԼһƣŨľ㣬һһС㡣
ɱ
ɱ
һھ¶ǣδȫ¡
ľˮ֮ʱζӳľڿڳԼ󲻶ϵƮɢָоһ֣ˬ
þãһӺȹúȵľˮˣ
̲סľˮǴȹúȵľˡ
С޲Ŷ󣬾͸˵һӣϷǸ㴵ȻúȣԶ֮٤ɽһ־ƣǲŽ˼ζ
ʲôү˫ȫǳı顣
ôúô̳ƶҪúȣ
Ϸɴ˵ѵģϷ򴳵ķʱ侭٤ɽ٤ɽеŮ˳ĵһһֺþƣζζ̲סˮ
˵ʱеĹâᶼôҲ֪Ϊ٤ɽŮ˹ĿΪ٤ɽơ
٤ɽʲôط
Ķž룬ǳһھˮòǺܹ񫣬ڵĺһڣԽԽǾζѡ
٤ɽǸطԭֺܽ˵˼ɾϷȴ٤ɽµҲĵط
үӶ룬־ˣ㽫ݵ˽ǰ
ٸϷ򵽵ƣϷѾжʱûкȾˣҪ
˼ңԼ
ıϾڷô꣬˵Уһ濴ߵʱ򣬾֪ϲơ
ټ˼ôһ˵ҲΪȾ˵ࡣ
ѽ˵һССôǸһУò徻һᣬ߶ϣ
үʾ⽪ĵˮ߶߶ˣСôһͷӻϻࡣ
У˭״Сϰأһˣ
Ҳ᲻úȾƣߵһָԼһƺ󣬽̳Ӵ·÷һߣһһ
Сޣһô
үһ۾Ϳˣ
Ĳ棬ϾүӵΪҪкܶ࣬˵֮иֱ鲼ĸָڴˡ
ͶеĲǱץģҪڱܳ޻㲻ö֪
ǣϷҿһء
үЦţֺһھƣźľˮǻһͽźܾǰ顣
ϷǰһˣǸſᷳǸ˺һǸʾࡣ
ܱү޵ˣƲһǿӢˣ
ĵĻүҡҡͷ
ʹˣûгΪһҲûгΪӢˣС
үӶ룬ĻУпھƾ£߶߶
ϣòҵ˵˵ﻰСһôСô
үӣ֪һ̳Ӿжôýô
ĺ᲻ãž̳ҡͷܾү롣
ղŻ˵أôСģīˣϷӦκεҪͳˣ
˵ģ跴ڹ
ļүôһ˵ֱӿ˾̳ӺүӺ
ǽү˵ʲôҪ󶼴ӦΪһһС˺ȶˡ
̳ľˮȻ룬Ǻ󾢺ܴѰ˺һ͵ز𣬾ҲЪˡ
ĺүһһѾС̳ӣȻǺȴˣ˵ʼͰʹͷ
˵ϷһǸ緢ӣͼһǿ̬ѪϴҽǶؽ֮Уһ飬ڡ
ʲô¶
ĺүӼ̨ͤϣүصĿ˿ܣȷΧֻǶ֮صĸ߽ĵз顣
ѹһβģ˶˷ģ˶˵βԻУʵȻĸԸԼβĽѡ

1070 ȴ˵һһС

1070  ȴ˵һһС
βļٵģүûƭ˰ɣ
㿴㣬Ϸ˵ƫ˵˵ֲţˣ
ҴҴˣү˵֮أɶ¶ˣá
үӣǿԼ˾βĽѣǾβĽأ뿪ô
֮󰡣Ҽǵþβ뿪Ҳû˼Ǿβ֮С
үӻһ棬ʱΪȻǿǺľβر
ǵ꣬һɫŮһѵǱߣһ֮ʿ˸ڰеľβɢɫĻ档
⻭棬һӶˡ
ôôβ
ȻˣϷ˵Ļм٣ǲ֪ʱβ߳ʱرɫ
үӰָͷѾȥ˶ꡣ
ԣˣǵꡣ
үӺȷϵ˵ʱ䣬漴һźһƬҹա
ˣҲʱˣҲһѪȷˡ
ɶ磿
ûү˵ʲôүЦЦ׼ڣ㿴һȺǰԶһ³ȫ͸ħǰӽüʵĺܣֻа˻סðź⡣
ףôֺȾˣ
˵ĻԲãүһ鲻ѾܲˣɴһԵİе鶼Ƶ˽ĵϡ
ӰûκεĹϵӣǿΪȾƣΪȾƵĻҪʬΣ
үӵһ仰úȴĽҡҡλεվ־үӵĺ֡
ιү㲻尡ղź־ƺȵʱô˵ǿȾƵģڷҧһڣңҰιĺӣ
СɿϷĺӣ㲻֪ϷӲĺܣϴξΪȾưϷرսһµʱ䣬һ°
ү˵˵žͿ޵ǽһҡ
үҵĿҲԼȶʱ׽ѵʱĻ棬۵һҲ˳
үӣͬҲѵңҲѵң۸ң
һԼȶ˱޺۷ľ޾ί
ǰС޿ˣү۵Ҫ
Թ԰࣬Ȼˣӽ쿪ʼҽүүҹСϵܣϷܽܣ
˵ţүŽ˺ǰ˻ű˴˵ݡ
ӣС壬СޣҶӣС
үһڣǶҧ촽ЦҪ±ˣҪЦ
ȶ˵ĽҲǸģżź˵ļ
ҽ壬С壬͸۸ģԣӦýСùãǹõļ񣡡
ĴţӻóһöϾں˵УǼ
˵ǵѾڵûˡ
ǰȴ˵һһСһӣʾ˴ظۡ
үӵЩĿŽģ¿
ѽû뵽㻹ǸŮӣϷȶûأϷ͵ýˡ
˵˵
ȥ
ǲ뿴Լĸ׶ۣݺݵҧŴǣźȴ˵үӺͽĶ뿪
վԭصǺݺݵ³һн͵һ˫Ӱţиֳ⡣
գۡ
ĴӴ˹Դ۵Ҫ
ū澷ϴ¡
ۡŮ룬Ǹϴͷ¸Ļ·
ΪĹϵκģֻŮԼȥ
롣
ȥ
ĸŮƺˮ鿡
ûȽˮòͣӭүӡ
ԣүӵľ״̬ҲǺܺá
үӡ
СŮޣ
һһС࿴ű˴ˣһţĻͷȥ
үӣ˭
ѾȫϺȴ֮飬үȴǼǵһ
ҶӰ㻹ҶأСùõ͵ġ
Сùã
ŵǸٲȻħûɶ𣬻³ħԱԼôͳ˵Сùá
У
үӣⶼʲôط
ŶҼңȶ֮Ҷġ
õѾǿˣǻеĿӣĿ⿴ĺԼĸס
ףСùãǶӦҲϷˡ
ôңҽʮꡣ

1071 ǱСù

1071  ǱСù
ڨЦţŮʾ⽪¡
ϵĲ˼Ϊ£ɽθڳԷ
ʲôط
ǰħޱԼҪǿһЩ
ҿȥͲǡ
ȻĸѾ˿ڣӽʼǱСùˣУлСùõ
˵ţǽϽ͸Ͼϡ
ǣϾ
үڿϵϾ֮ʱһУת˽ĵϡ
СѾͷôϾϾһĶ
ĶֻǻҶѣǳ
ЩףϾôͳΪ˲֮ˡ
СѾͷӦûǵϷ㽲ɣǰҲϾ
ү˵ϾΪǲ֮׵ɣһжΪǰΪеϾչѪɺӵɱ
ܰɣ
һŵı飬ָָϷõϾ
ôСֻǻҶѰһЩҲϾеΪôɱ
ΪǰֵϾϾԪһöϾǿ֪ٱ
үһ˵ɥʧĹؼԭ
ǰѪɺӣǽΪԼе̰
֮βϾϾʧС
֮Ͼһγ֣ѵԤһλô
ĵȻ֪үӺ룬ûص˵ز
ǸϾҪǲҪĻҾûˡ
Сù͸ûȥһ˵
һһСùõĽŽģﻰⶼ͸һɺǵɱ⣬ýſˮ
ȵȣ
ղ˵ʲô
ʮ֮һǸ˭ô
СŮޣϷĶӶʶôϾֶأʮ֮һĺڰǡ
ڵ֪ǰĺ˾ʮ֮һĺڰǵʱ򣬽ĲɵõһүһֶӣںˮĽЩǺ
û뵽Ȼײĳںڰĸۡ
СѾͷûһʲôء
ҰҸˡ
Цţֻ˵ԼˣһҪҪˡ
ˣ˵үӰңǺڰĹùãƾͷ˵ˣ϶ҳ
үԽô˵ǵɫԽǺһ֣ĵıҲԽһ֡
лүˣҲ֪Ҿ˾һҵġ
ŶԭҾ˾ˡ
һٷ˵Ե൱ıŤ
ò֮󣬱˸뿪˺ڰĸۡүվլۡǰסĻ֣滹˵棬ǵôƽ
ĺ޲Űȳ뿪˺ڰۡȻصջʱѾǵڶˡ
ƶһŮװĽĵʱ򣬶˶סˡ
ʲôҴû˵еġ
ĽͷϵķζⷢαŤúܣʱͷҲò
͡Сӣɣķβͬ˼ķΡ
ƶЦţߵ߰ժȡ·ķΡ
СӣŮӵĶˣһϰ߽Сӡ
ʲôνȰҰôԴ϶žͺͶŸһ
ˮʱڣϰһɵĴ磬Ҳ㡣
ЩĻΪߵŮʿ
ƶܲҲ⽪ĵŮվһԵİҵĿŽģȷ֮Ÿһȷǽġ
ûܰ
ĺԼôõʱ䣬ôûһֱԼԵǸŮ
ôɵӾ˰ɣ
ƶһ۰ΪҲ˽ǵòУɰȴǺҡҡͷʾԼǾȣǾš
ôͻȻ֮ͱŮģû
ľԴŮʲôϵֻҪƶõ굤Ȼ͸ظҸҸ裬ף
Ľ£һβһ˰ϡ
ҹȥҪ·
һţƶԼһѣҲ֪Ůװôȥģô
ҹİƶͰе˷䣬ļƻ
ԭǴǰۡͶϣ˭뵽ȶ˻ȥ˺ڰĸۡ
о仰ô˵ߣС񻹵¶
סˣܲ˵ͱ˵ˣҵŪһȥ
ϾںڰĸֹۡүӺżϵԼװŮװʱ˵ȴһڵסȽϺá

1072 

1072 
գۡ
ۡǰϥǰ

ˣ
ڿ̧ͷмֲ֮ɫ˿飬ʱ˿̵˫ֻҪ̧֮Խʬ
Ȼܵбŷɱſˮſ˵ݡ
Ļ˲δ˵Լݣ˵˵ҪĶ¹ʮ

е飬ټǰͶϵƶͰƶĽİˡ
վſڵĽ˸ĸۡѲΧĸ֣ۡȻ࣬ǵ۷ʵĸ֣ɼʵǶôǿ
ռƻ£
ʵ£ĸʹһƶ³һźӸ˸ۡ
ƶˣһ굤͸ǼˣҪٴû굤һѵ飬ȳ˸ˡ
û˿֣Ϊֵ˶Ѿˡ
˵ʵ£ںڰ˲֮С
ڣۡ鷿ǰСƬ֮ŵõ׼뷿䡣
˺ôĵӣȻֻ뱾ĸۡ
һ۾Ϳƶݣƶȫں֮С
ʱƶҲԼݣŵĺñ©˱Ŀ
ȥ
ǣ
鷿׷ȥֻʣƶģԼ
ûĻô
һ˲䣬Ũҵŭ֮УǿѹǵصϮ
ɼŨҵħͽĶȻ˶Էһ֣һǶֵĴڣĴ˵İɣҲŻƽ֡
ϱŷħȻƶѹ԰ͽ˵ȴûʲô̫á
еǻ֮ħķΧڣΪӹɵǿ󣬵ȱʯͷ뵽ˮУֻǷһƪƪðԸвʶѡ
ĵѪҺ֮бԴħΪħ޳Ľİ֮Ůǰǿǿ󣬵ûеĵز˵ԽûжΣ
´˴ױģǶǹµ˼¡
£һĨЦ⸡ڴϣİԼϵħ޳ҪȻĻܲסѹ
Ǻˣ
Ҳһԭŭ˫۸Ǻ˪һƬĶŽİˣƺҪǵ߿˾ǺηʥȻѹ
Ļֻǹµ˶ѣ
Ŀһƶʾƶ˵֮ĻϾЩǲܴ˵ġ
ƶܵ˽еʾ⣬ǰֳ˹еָ߹ʣѾΪ˷棬ҲΪ˽
Щñ˵źܶȱ֣ԣձ굤ΪľѰӣ
˵ţƶеľӷǰϣ
һģһĺӣڿȷһ飬ÿһ굤һͬĺӽš
굤
Ӻɢ΢֮ʣеɫ˼֣һ̰֮ޱıŷš
ΪҪǺȻͶȫȫԽ굤ռΪУɱ˻ʬ𼣣ӴԺҲû֪굤ڱС
һһɱ⣬ƺһĻôƵġ
ڴ˿ᣬ˴˵ĺ
ǺǣĻΪҪ֪뱾ţ˵ԶԶö굤Ҳ֪Ҫ굤Խ⿪ķӣҲֻб֪
ƶ΢׬ЦӲϵӿֳΣӲûбϵɱס
ò˵Ǵĵƶ»˵ȻȻװӣ˵ŮУպضһΪ
οûоԵʵܴ
˵˴ʱƶøǼᶨ
ñĶô
˻ʵǲˬһ˲䣬ŨŨħһ鷿֮ڣһֻεĴһס˵ĲӣֻҪһὫһ
ǶˣȻ֪ƶе˼ôȥƢõļһĻŪǡ

1073 ˭ˬ

1073  ˭ˬ
ΪĪ⣬Ƕ˲ǹµССѣôҺ֡
һ仰ӽĿлȻô˵ʵϣʱ˿̵ĽҲ״̬תħ״̬
ʵ£һ˫Ӻɫĳ졣
ǰĻħĽĸܿƣɱɱǿޱȡ
ԴϢķ֮󣬽ҲԼθõĿסħԼԲŻдʱ˿̵״̬
ټϽĵĵǽİݣǴħ޻ǿߣħ޳ŮѪҺҲ͸ŴħֺħħȣҪ߳һȼ
ȻħĽͷųħһ̣һ¡
ħޣ
ܣ
˽ʱϲûħΪһʼ֪κħĴڡ
ǲħ޲ͷģǹ˽ϵĿĲǴܣԱ
ĵĿǺϣֽת
ҪΪǿĺܣù˾ȳǱ뿪
Ϊһ㡣
ЦˣЦ˲ԡ
ջħѹҲ԰ڣһ˲䣬ָֻԭƽͣȻֻǿȥıƽ͡
Ϊʮ֮ǿһǾ仰ֻҪǣȫԲᣬŲǣö굤ǵĳ⡣
˵껰һصԼеλϣʣµԼǡ
ǽţѾ˾ϡ
ã
Ȼһִлڣ֮Ľ״ɡ
˵ʱ棬ᱣİȫö굤ڱ
Ȼ
Ц⣬ڴǣԽŨҿ
˰׼Ϸд
ǣ
ش·׼ƶǰ᷿ڽ뿪ʱס
ǸС¡
ɣС˵ǽġ
û¶Ȼȥ
СһЩ
ƶЩĵĿһ۽ģƶͰһĵ
굤ں棬ûԿ׸򲻿ǿпĻϵķ굤飬˵ðգҲ˺κһˡ
鷿УĴ˫ֱʮֵʮ
Сӣڿʲô
ڿ㣬紫˵һƢŹһš
ֱ˵ԼĿ
ǽĶֱ۵ӡ
ǰҪһº˼ھϺ¡
ƾԼʵֻҪ˾ͰѶԷˣͺһǵˣܰˡ
СӣΪǺͱЭ飬ͻһٶ衣
˵Цˣⲻ衣
ʼ磬ħҲ첻˺ƾʩѹ
һʱ䣬һˣ˭û˵
ŽģҲĿԴ۵Сۡ
㲻±
ڣ˿ڡ
˵£﹫¾ȳô˵£ֻΣԣ»߲¶˵ûʲô𡣡
ĵĻǣһ˿Ц⡣
û࣬Ϊ࣬Ϊ˴ħңΪγʥҫ굤
˻ڵʱ򣬽ķ΢ŵüͷ䱸Ŀ漴ҲֳЦ⣬еĽ䱸ɫͳͳɢ
ҳΪѰһҪˣôʥҫ굤ӦúܣҾͲظˡ
֪ʥҫ굤Щ⣬ʱ棬ڴ֮ǰδֹȷŲϳԼʥҫ굤ˡ
ǡ
ԽԽˣȻһСӸ굤ˣã
һ仰ڣЩĵϡ
ҽʥҫõ굤ô
ڴ֮ǰὫ͵ʥҫۡ˫굤ڣ롣
һ䱾һУ¿˿ģԽԽǲ
࣬ħǴӺζ
Сӣڱһ¸

ˣϷôܺķĺô
Ҫûʲô¶ĻҾиˡ
ں˵ȥĽԹԵȥһٶüͷ
һԵǰڵϡ
ְȥ֪ߵغɱˣ
δڣķݡ

1074 ʮ˲

1074  ʮ˲
һŽĽʧеıӰšŵüͷ
Сһﵹ˼
ۡ
ƶĺͰ˱ۡס
˫ȴϣĳŹӺŲ衣
ƶż
Сӣ֪̲ס
ƶⲽܴ׵Ϣ
ţӰǰ
ԭܰгֵһ˲䣬
°ͣ
°ͣ
°ͣ
Ŀֻʣ½ྐྵӵ
еĹƤϵ˫ˡ
Ϣˣ
󱾾ģ
Ƚĸ߳һͷҪǰС˶治֪˭СһôĵӣȻԼǰ
ˣϢˣǿ˰ɣ
ĵĻһһ͸֮⣬ɺһǷ
ŭһӾӿ˫Ҳ͸ź⡣
˵ʵòڳ˵ͣšһ˫üȥ׺ݵҪͻûɶй֮޼
ڷܱ
ˣѵҪҰ㹩ÿߵŲǷô
ôô¶ĥĥģ
üͷҪڼͶҪѰƶİȫӭء
뵽˴̾һһ̧ͷ˱ȿ޻ѿЦݡ
ˣ㿴вУô
Сӣ󵽱ˣ
ĻһЦ˲
˵ɣ׺͵ģ˶ǰģŮӶѶúÿô
˵һͬ
Ĵ̳˵׵ŵ㣬µһ˶Ҳǰٰɡ
˲Ƣͻ񶾡
ʮƢôôŹ֡
ڰͺ͸ƵģžȫһʣըҩͰһһţͺĳ
СĻ˵һɫ
ܵ˽֮еĸɫСû˵ҲСôԼġ
Խģĵ׵ĶȤζԽŨСըëʱı˺ġ
Ȼ󱾾ĸ㡣
˵ţӹһϡ
ѾдҪϢԼͼֱֽûǣʮ˲ͽͳġ
ʮ˲ʮ˲ô
Ĳż˿ֽϰֽдݣϢʱ㽫żƶ

˽в֣ͬˡ
粻Լ֣и֮ʹõͼ֡
ȻǿֽϹһ֡
£дʲô
ʮ˲ϢԼĽṹͼֽ
Ϣû̫ļֵʮ˲ϽҪʮ˲Ҫͻƺĸۡ
ʮ˲Σձ鲼˵һҲ
ʮĺǴ£;ͷ߻˭
ƶͷ߻ʺͺ˭ƶĻشȴýĺ
ͷ߻Ǻֵܣ˸ʮҪãǰʱͷ߻ʱնɱؽͨˣƱҪΪͷ߻ʱ𡣡
ͷ߻ʺͺֵܡҪҪô棡
ôˣ
ûûʲô
ҡҡͷɱ˾ͷ߻ʵӦֻϻ֪ϢӦô
뵽ʱ򣬽Էſġ
Ѳɱ˾ͷ߻ʣ
һ仰һ˽ĵ壬عͷ֮µĽڨЦţһ߰һ߱Ļ
УΪôǾͷ߻ʵĶ֣˵ͷ߻ʲôҼûء
Բۣ
⼦ǲַʲô顣
תڿпʲô
Ҳߵڵڸ˽һ˿˿֮⡣
ҹɫ
ðƶǰۡȥ̽
ʮ˲ĽṹͼѾμ˽ĵԺУѰϤ·ߣһɫӰҹɫڻССĶ㿪Ѳߵһ߲㽨Ĵ˽ȥ
Ҳ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦƾνС˳ĴӴӽʮ˲֮УҲΪˣƶƶĻһڴԵ

Ϣ̾һĵͷ˿ԼΧعסأٽˣҪȻԺһƽˡ
ʮ˲ĵλýɣǺۡ޾ʮ˲

1075 Сùð

1075  Сùð
ʮ˲ֱǳΪʮ˲ʮ˲֪һУܵĥ
ʮ˲ͼĽһһڰгһǰС
ǲ˵ʮϽ˵һ岽һڣʮ׵ķΧ֮ȫرء
Լ̽һ̽ĻƾͰҪҴʮ˲оͳȥֻĸݡ
룡
Ͱܴȥ˭ұ֤˵һ᲻ڴ򶷵Ĺгʲô⣬һĻǴоʹˮƯ
ڣĶʮ˲ײ㣬ڶ㿪һһ֮󣬽ˮ֮С
ʱֽŽͱסĹӸǴ͸ùǡ
ļϵСʯӵҵߣʯӵˮзһһ̧ͷųԼǰİࡣ
ǺˣЩͽĥ޵ô
꣡һľٶһѲ˹һˮεϷߵ֧塣
ηűǴ򿪵ģ֮ˣıסùǵһӳȥ
˵ΧˮɲһˮרŶԸִҩˮ
Ѿյֻ֮һ
˵ˣֻҪ㽻굤ҴͿԷ㣡
źĻȴǳЦš
úˣеĶӵеġ
һ³һĿ⿴ǰһ
Ϊס޵ùǾͻˣ㣬ֻҪһ첻Զ֮ȺϺܹġ
ǺǣУǴһʶȻ˵Űɣߣ
ѲߵתȥԶӰŴ
Ҹ뿪ʲôִ˵Ļ
ʲô˵˵ƶӶӶϣձʮ˲о
˵ԼĿģҪҳȥڡ
ϢдˣùǱ͸гȺΪҲûκΪ
ࣿ
βΣ죡
Ľ죬һŵҩӽС
ʮʱ䣬ⵤҩʮ֮ڻָΪʮ֮һӦϣףˣⵤҩǮ㡣
׻˵úãֵˣοƶֻ֮ǹӶϵҩȻҪǮ
ˣˣסʮʱעϢбǷֶߣ
Ѿʮ˲ͣʱ乻ˣڱ뿪
˳ʱ·ۻأһ·СӦҹɫڻȫ뿪˭뵽һ¶
뿪ʮ˲ʱմȾѪȵζŻᱻᵽ
ʲôˣȻҴۡ
һʱ䣬ۡǷ׷׳Ҫ׽ýġ
ӿԽ࣬Ϊ˲ֻ֣һֱɢ
ˣ
룬պĻ̸ϣһ±
һ˴ֿ𣬴𸴵һת
ڰϳ֮ʣҪ³ĽģһƼ׼ɱ
ֶӣСùð
ĺһ㿪ǵһƣժϵߣһ˫Ŀǡ
Сùѣһ£
ǲǷʲô飿
վϳٳδжʮֲ⣬Ҫǰʱȴֹˡ
ް̣
ǣ
ǽûаѽĹȥ
УĶһЦĿǡ
ٺ٣ǸʲôлڰҪûĻҾ˹Եٻᣡ
˵ţתҪȥ˭֪һ˫ֽץ˻
ǵʮǿ󣬽ײǵĻС
Сùãһ࣬Ҫô

ǵĻİһ໰
ô֪Լ
УҾȥѣڰܲɿ֣һץסһСǲе㲻ʣοһСùأ
ôСùÿ֪ϲʲôŮӡ
֪ʱڰĵĶߣֻоһӶϲϵشë
࣡
ſˮĽֱżָת׼ٻ
ͣ
ʾͣ³ɿַνɡ
СùãסĻʮ˲˵˵ѣվ֪նɱ˾ͷ߻ʡ
һ仰£һתĽվԭأŽʧеÿüͷһ

1076 Ա

1076  Ա
ô֪ô顣
úõһǣԼѾصĺܺˣնɱͷ߻ʵδеκһ˵ô֪
ѲԼ˵ʱ˵ģ
Ӧûܵģȴ˵ʱȻһЩΪҲ֪˵ɡ
ڽĵô֪ģҪΪɿڵĴ
ǺڰˣҴͲһѰ
֮̽ڼ϶֮룬Ҳͽĵݲµ߰˰ˡ
ԣڰǲŻ֪ϻϣɱ˾ͷ߻ʵ飬ԼݰƶȳңͶ
Ϊʮ֮һ֪Щ֮Ӧòģѡ񾲹䡣
ССŮһʮħһ̣ײеʱ򣬺һĸоӶȻֻɲǡ
֣ǣĵģ¶ȡ
СѾͷ㵽ʲôˡ
һߣĻصۡ
鷿֮У飬̧𣬱㿴һµĽġ
ʧˣ
Ļû˼ǵ顣
ûԼ˫ۣе˽ġ
ص鼮ҵԴĻ̌ͷԼϵݺݵس˹ȥ
ӱ
ҵġ
һֳһ˽ġ
㿪Ҳ˳ִϳһ
бͶ㣬ҿܶ㵽ʱ
㲻ɡ
һʱ䣬Ӧش鷿ΪսֻսϷֵ־硣
ֻ鷿ҷɵ鼮Щɶƽ汦鼮ǾһǶᱻݺݵ𷣣ȻߵС
һɵ㶵վԭأδһĻһ㿴ҿ㣬˭Ҳ֪ʲôԼ롣
ֻ˵ǽ֮ۡһμ㾰󣬶ҿǾ޽еһΡ
鷿ѾƻĲӣĶڵϣ߿ͬ΢ֳһ˿Ц⡣
˵ģ㻹Цʱ˧ŭ˸Σ
ĵĻˬֻ˵ˣС޻浱ԼǸɫˡ
㿴㿴СŭˣСô
ɴһƨڵϣժϵߣ˵Ѿûκˣǲ֪Լһ֪Լݡ
ôԼóڵ
ǺǣҾĽҵĿ
ĵĻЦţ֪ʱһ
һ
һӣӽָóһ̳ӾƣƻϴκүӺȵľƣڶ˵ʱȴˣûаһ̳Ӷꡣ
ȥþƱ
ǣ
ֻƱ¾ƲˣزһӦȫ

ˣ˵ɶɶ
ĸԼƣϤľصԺ֮С
ǰ֮ССڵĺžƳ¾Ʋˣǽһеķնȴһ㡣
û뵽ǡ
Ƶֽôֲúһֻ̹Щ
һСã
ɲ˵㲻
˵
ƱƵ˽ǰʮֲָһơ
ùģȣ
жǮƲɡ
˽һۣҲͣ˽ĵϡҪʲô
ǸʮѵʱվһԲδ֡
Сʱ飬һΪԣҲĻһʮ֮Ĺϵ
Ȼ֪ôʵԭʲôȻĵӦɡ
ȺϲΪ飬ʮ֮УΨкڰΨ뱾һսʸ񡣡
Ʊžƣ޳˫ϰ̺۽ȥֲ쳣
ڱΪβ֣Ϊ룬𰸿⡣
⣬˵ʲô⡣
ıһ̳ӷŻ˽ָУǵʮֲˬ
һЩǸӡ
ҪЩҪţȻȥʱٺȡ
һ̯ӾƵļǮ͸ߵˣ˵ˣ⻹ƹһ̳ˡ
˵ʲôǲó̳Ӿơ
ȥ㲻
ˣұ˽ˣΪѰһҺҪˣֻҪҵͿˡ
ȻҪ굤

1077 һƽ

1077 һƽ
Ҫˣ
Ŀ˵Ǹ˶Ҫ֪Ǻˡ
԰ǳǳҪ
ӳʱʼûм˾ˣʱʱ򣬾˾˾ͳȥˡ
ڵ֪˾˾֮УһҪһ
ˣ
ӰţעŽģʱĻ̌ͷһүôˡ
Ҿ˾˰˵˾뿪ˣž˾˾
һվϵĻҳ
ص֮ۡһʱͱȥ鷿Ҫıǽʮ˲һиƶƶҷ
Ժ棬ƶͽĵȺűߣػ߸ͣ
ƶģСΪһƽ´Ϣġ
һ仰ƶеĵǣһ浣ǵİΣһҲĽġ
Ͼǿʮ˲Ѱĵط
ڰе֣ƶѾˡ
Щô˵ҲûãһлҪԼˡ
Ǹкýģǰһ
һףΪβ翵Ĵڣпޡ
Сˡ
ڿ˽ĵӰƶæǰ
Сӣô
ƽ£ƶһΡ
ȥ˵
˽˷䣬˵ʮ˲һУҽڵһһʮĸ߸ƶ
׾Ȼ͸ùǣ
Լĸױ̴ùˮ֮Уƶеˮ˲ӿ
һԵİҪ԰οƶһȴֹˡ
˭Ҳ֪˵ʲô˵ɡ
ƶģѾ㸸ιһŵҩֵҩ㸸ʮ֮¾ۼɢΪǮôҪġ
Цţһ߿Ц˵ԼιҵĵҩҪǮһ˵ڿ˱ʮ֮ڣһоͻת
ʱҲʮ֮ﻮһУŽҴʮ˲оȳ
ңʮյʱ䣬ҲӦȫڶö굤ˡ
лСӣСƶһӶ޷ر
˵ţƶ˵ϣķƶ
У˵ʮ֮ļƻǱۡӦȵȡ
һ㣬رѶˣһƻ֮ĲȶأǺڰǡ
ڰСôͺڰʶģһڰСùã
ȻǽǵҲƶͰ𣬶˾ǲ⣬ǰ
ͽһͬģôĻʶڰأ
ôô˵أ
̾һһǰĶˣ˵ԼǰļϣȻŵ˾飬үӺһȾƣ˶ȸˡ
ˡ
Сӣ˹ˣ֪ά߿ΪߵĴҸҲάߵĶ֡
άߣ˵үӣ
ĵĻƶ˵ͷ
ƶĻ˵ĴǷֵȼĻңͺڰһһĸ֣֮ϻά
˭Ҳ֪άΪжôĸĪ⣬ֻ֪ǰһս֮УάΨһһл߳ˡ
ƶĻүһЦĴݣ治ýֻϵһ
˵⼸нӴЩڰǺƺǺԸʮˡ
֪ΪΣľָо
ǺּˣʲôĸںΪεʮѵʱ˶ڳء
벻ףҲȥķΧ˦˦ͷԼǵ̫ࡣ
ˣЩˣǼ˵ղŵ顣
ĿҪ˵ʮ֮˵飬˵ߡ
浱ʮ˲ҿģ߾ô
µĿŽģӵı鿴ĽĻ
ɶ¶ô顣
Ȼ֮汾ǰȥμʮ顣
£㲻ὪĵˣתȥýķĻᶼûС
˵
ɶ˼
ʲô֮ǰȥμʮĻ飿
Ϊʲô
ƾʲô
ҪھܾʱӰʧˡ
ƶͰ˵ߣҡҡͷʾԼҲʲô鶼ף˵˸ղŵЩ
ңҲһ±ơ
֮ʮۼĿʲôĲ֪

1078 ô

1078  ô
ʮĲÿΪҪԼһŲμʮ顣
жɣ
յʱ䣬ۡⶼҲ߽չա
աүȰ
ĺ޵
鷳ҧָԼ鷳
ʥҫ굤ɱ˺ֵܾͷ߻ʣټϳΪƶ׼
У
֮еκһ֪ĻԼԱƵ˼֮ϡ
ģ
˫ȭĿһ۽ŵ鷿ţһ໰תȥ
ת뿪һ亹߽鷿վǰ
Ѿˡ
֪ˡ
Ȼ֪ˣ˳
ķе飬˺۵ָû
أ˫ֳһ˿Ц⡣
ǰڰۡ
ǣ
û֪ǰڰǵĿʲôۿʱһһȥպĻת˲
˫ֶżűԼ߳һͷҪ
ˣȿȣ岻ұǰۡɡ
ôδħʱһϰ˶ʱҽȻ˵жʱ䲻Գˣҡ
˵ţǰҪץסĵΪ
Ц
ֲɵӣһһİȫ롣
֪Լȥʲôۡμʮ᲻ᷢ顣
˵ֵ굤˵ͷ߻ʵ飬ʲôֵĻǾҵϼˡ
ԣǾԲȥģǴȥˤˣˤҲԲȥġ
ǲȥģİɡ
ôȻҲǿֻʮôҵ飬Ȼ˲֪һôĳ˵ļƻʲôӰ죬Ǳˡ
ң
ţ֣һץס䣬˲䣬Ц档
ܺǰۡμʮĻҵң߰ɣ
㲻ô
һ˿Ц⸡ڴǣĿ͸ϷŰ֮ЦŽġ
ҵ飬ҲҪͬһ𣬾Ҳ޺ˡ
ԴǱʾԼľģ߳ۡǰʮ֮أۡ
ۡѾķˣԴʮѽܻ֮ۡ
ټʮǿѹֵġ
վ󣬸ŶڰͶĿ⣬ٺٵЦ
Ϻǣʲôʱ򻹺һڣôһС޸Ȥˡ
Цţе٩˭֪ȴһ۵˹ȥ
ţֻҪٶ˵һ֣ԻڷַӰ
ڣʮѾףλǿŵģͺڰǿĴҲûλϡ
ˣ˼ȻѾˣǽ˵˵ôҵ顣
ڵһ뷢԰׵ߣ߼ҲŹȣȥͲǺǵĽɫ
·ϵʱܹʮÿһˣ߱ǰüںںĴΪĹ˽ɱ¾ձڵߺѹ֮С
Բۣ
⻰ʱ򣬽ſˮ
أ
굤ͷ߻ʣֶһڵӵݣǲٸЦ
вٵͶ˶ڵͽģ˵аڰħ鲼֮أ˵һ
û׼ֱ޷뿪
üΪʮ뷴ѺܴһֹϵҪ뿪ƫƫΪľȴ̣࣬
üȻ̬ˣʣµļλҲĬˣȻ˵Щ˶ٳΪʮйϵվ˽ȺϵǱߣ֮£
˵ʮΪĴڣΪ򣬿ֲ֪ǰģеûҲаǧ
ɽУΪһʱ̰ɱ߶ȡΪ߸ץסӽ֮С
ûЩ߻ڵˡ
ĳ̾һջǵưͱȽϺá
Ƿ׷׷Լ˵ɱ˲һ֮£ȻҶ֪֮Ϊǿܳư֮䣬Բܸ֮ʡ

1079 ͻȻת

1079  ͻȻת
˵Ѿߵ˽زѾûκ·ˡ
ΨɱңƿǲŻᰲġ
һղڲ֮С
ʮһ˵ҪΣֵ˺ڰпڡ
ΪΪǿ֮һڰҪ
ûкڰ֧֣Ҳɹץסҡ
ڰֵ̬ˡ
üǵֻҪǺ׿ϣǱ㼴ɱҡ
˵Ŀⶼںڰϣǽߴӽĵƿӻؿˡ
ǾûҪѾ̴ùǣΪɢͬһҪ鲻ɱңҳһܴˡ
ڰʲô˼һ첻˵в
һ⡣
ҵΪǺεȵǿ󣬵ռ˵ŽƷȻұʮ˲֮УΪ˱ҹζ࣬ɱҡ
ļʶԾ˶ǳ
ڰºϾʵѹƣɵĽɲзϡ
ƿܴĽ磬ұʮ˲Уʺдô
ڰĻú˳Ĭ
ĽȻ֮Ļңͳ֮أ
ñ˵ҲӦ֮£Ľܹǵԭʮ֮⣬ͷ߻ʾõӡ
˵ͷ߻ʵʱǵĿһο˽ģתͷ쿴ؾǲǡ
ͷ߻ʵΪû˱Ⱥˣͷ߻ʵʵ֮£뿪֮ǿд˽磬ΣǱһʿնɱȥ߹ߵ
ô֪ôʱڳһ
Ƴһǣ˭֪ǵĿ⻹

֪ʹߺˡ
ô죬ҲɱʼǵĲߣ粻ƣҪ뿪ѲҪȵô
Ȼǰձ˳֮УĪĹϵ
ǻվ޳ӰÿһɢǿϢ
ֻҪΧΧĽɢǱ뿪Ҳ

ֵʱ˵Ŀ׷ƶţʱͣ˽Ųվڽߣ˫طڽĵļϣֹȥ
ԣǵ



ҾǴ͵ģ
ǰüˣҲһɱΡ
ô£ʲôǸۡһЩҪôҡ
ôͳǿе
ڰǿЦɣ
üɵĿŽģǣһпɲǶϷ㿪Ц
ôΪ۲Цô˵ΪΪ㣬һжǱĻԣ
һǿ˲Ϯһֻһס˵ĺ
ſˮҪǵĽ˭֪˫־צһץסļ
ڰǺףΪСһΪ
ǲ⣬һĿⶼڽĵϣ쳣ĸӡ
ǲɺڰĻһСһΪˣǲǹЦˡ
۲⵽Сһο͸˱
һöɫľǰ˿Ͼһ̣һ͸ſ־֮⡣
Ͼǲ֮׵ĴڣСһôϾ
˵ĿעţšüͷиǲٶĿΪΡ
ʱڽĶ˵֣ҡ

Ÿӡ
Ҫ㣬ô˵Σվء
͵ҵϢȴһ仰Ƶǰ
οСһħȻͳ
ڰǲĹֻ̫˼ˣһСͳ죬ˡ޷ܡ
ˣССεºܳΪˣ̤ƽڽ硣
˵öԣ
һԣļҲ˿ڡ
ϾͳĴڣǺڰеκһ˳ΪǶܽܣһ˵һС˶ΪԲ޷ܡ
Ϸ˵ǿ
˷֮ʣһص𣬻صÿһ˵Ķϣ֮ʡ
үһߵǰеϢҲһ̡
վڽǰүӳ˵ͷ
СѾͷֶӡ

1080 

1080 
үӣ⵽ôһ£
ڼһˣҪүӣǰһĻôôͳΪү֮ҲΪΪ顣
˵ʲô
СѾͷչʾһħݣȺû۾˿ʲôŽħ
үӵĻǿ϶ĵһħ״̬ýĽĿϡ
ħ״̬µֻǺүӴδħԼ
ڼƻʲô
˵Ծڽĵϣүգգ۾ʾ⽪ڰ˵
һΣֻħ
һ˫ڵķȫȻ˳֮ɫ³Ũħһ޿ɱħһ˲ѹסˡ
ħôܣ¼侹Ȼд˵ȴħ
ü˶ˣһһǿ־壬ǱѹŵĿ־塣
һѣΪΣ
ôˣҴô
İһۺѾү˵ȥˣ֮أ
һĺŭ𣬸Ҫȥһ۵˻ȥ
ô
˽֪С˶ǸһͬǰģȻˣǵȻֱƢĴڡ
ǡǽʮ鲻ôҵôôѡҺڰƻģټòеά߶ˡ
Ҫ֪ǵսץסǣάҲֻ·ҡҡͷתȥվȻΪһų档
άߣһһһôĻô
ȻûҶ˵Ļôӽ쿪ʼСޱǵףӣСùȥλ£
СùãȻָǽġ
үǲŽԼҶһı顣
үӣСѾͷʲôʱΪ˺ڰСùã
ڳΨڰŭүӽôΪǵСùá
֪ŮҲ֪ں顣
ҲΪˣŻǰڰۡ̽һ̽
ҲСѾͷүӻʮ磬ΪǵСùã˼ԽԽ˼ˡ
Сùã
ļǱǱŷȫȫǴڱϯλڻһɱΡ
˵ܲһ飬ǲΣ
ҪεĻԼôΪıϡ
ɲ֪ΪΣԭ߷߲ƽһΪһڴȴڽϵһ̣ȫ
ô£
ôᣬྐྵȻ
ôܣ
üȵȵһŵı顣
ıɲ˭ģֻб˲ܳΪһϱΪݵʬ塣
ҲΪץ֮ʮûΪΪ֮ԭ򣬱Ͼ˭Ҳûаջ᲻ת۾ͱɸʬ
ʵʤ۱磬֮һ˳
ӽˣʮ
үӵĺ˵ãҲͬ˵ڳʮá
үӣɱЦˣǸղ˵ôɱҪǳΪǵðʬɣҿɲ룬˯ȡ
æ֣ʾԼɲ
˵ţҪ
ģϷأϷͲŻ˸Ƥӵ¶κβΪ
һ˲䣬ǿѹһ֮䣬ˡ
άүһʵʵĴ治ǣʵ㣬һжĻ³ܡ
ʮ³νһ㲻ģĵǴǣըҩͰүӵڼƻʲô
˷׷ȥֻ֮ʣ½ģǣүĸˣ³һ
˵ɣô¡
˫ȽһŶȣ۽ǵЦ¶ȡ
ٺ٣СѾͷղűֵãϷ򶼱ϵħ嵽ء
үӡ
ĽĿүӵϣţЦȫë
СѾͷȱôЦôɶ¶ʣϷһ͵װס
үҲ֪ԼͶӻֿСѾͷԼĿģ˵ˣҲû뵽СѾͷȻĻᱻѡУΪˡ
ɣڽµʱүӴԼΪסģΪҲ޷СѾͷ

1081 

1081 
͵װףðҾүӽ͡
Ļ˵һһ룬ȻѾزԼѾȫȫ¶Σ֮УҲڹ˼ʲôˡ
ҵȸүӣԼڰһϵħ֮ĴΪҵĵס
Ц⣬۽ǣʱסһΡ
ȻСѾͷ׿ԽˣĸҲȻΪߡ
ү֪ȿ˽ģʵ֤˵ѡȷġ
˵ˣѾһеĴʩǾԲýķκġ
СѾͷϷ˵ɣϷģΪϵһöϾϷӦòˣԾͺҶԼƻŽյһС
үҲ֪ôʲôط˵һжǸƣȷ˵һұץǸƣҪȻƾǼΪôұס
ɲүһοڣдүӵĻ
үӣҾбҪһ£ҵĵöײʲôǿߣǿе񡣡
һ˲䣬ǿϢڽĵϲϵرŷš
һʥһаħԿɢĴڡ
ת˲䣬Ǵĺڰһеħ
үԣҲˣһĴڣ׷޳ҵİħ޳ҵɵүү񾳵Ĵڡ
Խ˵еĺԽŨ˼֡
֮ô˵ҫԼݣǸЩˣҪΪԼΪʱǿԽޡ
򵥵˵ҳʲô鲢Ҫ治ڣұ㲻֪ˡ
ĵĻһһĻص˵ĶУŵǿϢҲʧ
ǰһ̻ޱʥޱĽָֻԭӡ
˵үӣڰǴ⳥Ҷپʧء

תе
үҲԭأӵĿŽġ
СѾͷ˵ô࣬ţƵݣĿľҪթǵǮ
СùҪ٣⳥Ρ
ǵĻýĺһٵ
㣬үʼٸߣûԸƽеԹ
ָʾάүǮϷҲȥ
޷ҳΪ˵Ŀ꣬Ȼ֪ү˵ļƻʲôΪӶֻҪ۸ĺ˵ҽˡ
ĶŶȣղһģȻͬ
ǿҵķ˻ɸղһֻں߰ˣүСѾͷһ򵥡
ɣΪ˱ʾүҵǸ⣬ҪǮүӾ͸ǮҶӾǮࡣ
ˬ죡
һļϣֻҪǮͿԡ
һҳΪҲԣҪҡ
ɣ
ǿڣүһ
СѾͷµϷҲӦýе㣬үҲˣұץʵƻеһҲ֪ƻ
ƻʲôƻ
ôֳƻ˵Ҫʲô湬ô
СѾͷɻǵϷ㽲Ǹ£ǰϺʿ顣
ǵãǺұץʲôϵ
Ĳ⣬˸Ӷŵôǣ˹ϵ
һУҪǰ˵𣬵ʱϺ뿪뿪֮ǰ˵һ仰ػ¶Ϊƽء

ҡҡͷǲϵĻʲô˼
򵥵˵Ǽ֮ҪһѣҲ¡
˵Ҫٵ쳣ƽ٣ѾұץΪ¡
ү˵ģô¶
ǸԸʮеļϸѡҲΪöԷֲ
ֻƿĽ磬µ֣ᱻ²£ֻҪ֮нϺӡɱ֤ʮǣڻ
ԣˣڵӦѾ
ϷѾˡ
ү˵ַӡϺʱһϤ𣬴˲Ǳˣǽĵʦ
ʦ㰡ʦ
һԾǰ־ĺӣȷʦǷðƷЦıжôĿˡ
ʦʦʦ
ʦأСһʱ䲻ˣѾͷˣ

1082 ĵ

1082 ĵ
ôҲ뵽ʦǰ¿
ʦô㲻ô
Ϊʦǵ㣬ҪΪϷŲء
̬ǶִΪΣ黹Ҫǣǰ顣
ʦʲôʱ򵽵ģ
ҲǸոյ̸ʱ
ǿδĵӣִȰĸŽĵԴ͸ΪֿĹĺ͵ǡ
˵һһβǹϵ˽ĵĻǴҲְ̤طġ
裬⻰ϷɾͲˣʲôвŲҪΪڵĹϵôᾭ˵Ƚѡ
үӿǲˬСѾͷ֮⣬Ǵĵ濴ȺòȻɣڵЩһһԼݣҫ
ôϷԼͽ˵ʲôͣ㣬ҪͽܵķϣϷм̤
ά˵Ļ˲һŨҵĺ⣬ƽɢȻͬӡ
Ĳ֪ү֮ͽʲô飬ǣʱάүӵ˽⣬˵ԼΪ˻񼫡
֮Դүӵ̬ȺͶԴһţΪһҪٵʲôѣʦάүӵʱ򣬶һ֣һ
үӣʦϤô
ϤǺǣȻϤˣСѾͷ֪ΪλӣĻ̻̣һеĸԴڡ
ڣô˵ȺаĲҪΪҪϾԭʯҪϺϵֺ봳ѹеų
㣬еŭһӿֶ
ǰǺΪǣץסѺв٣֮أȺĴ̰ôᱻա˽硣
ڵ˳֣ŲڸΪ鷢
ʱ䣬һٽǾ仰Ϊ˽ĵİȫǾԲٴ̤ء
ǣͽˣ˵ˣҲ
ĻŻάүӺԼǣʵʵᷢġ
ⲻΪżΪǿĺܣΪԤеŮ֯Ψһһˡ
һѣȺаġ
άүȻϲɴҲ˱˼
˺ˣȻѾһҲֻˣһҵøүӡ
ľбҪˡ
أıɣΪıѡңΪָ
֣Լ֮ƽ£ʲôѡвŲỻɸɿݵʬ壬Ϊָ塣
ȻҲ˽ָΪʱЧʱЧӡ
УϺΪʲôҪ磿
ֱڻеȦү˵ұץҲƻеһҪϺļϸ
ȻϺôǿΪλҪֹЩƻ
СѾͷ֪Ҫʲô˵һѾزϷȫ˵ˡ
ڵѾˣҲ֪ԭίһһԣάȥͣ
Ψһлֻ߳άүӡ
үΨһһ
ǰϺమˣԸΪѾϺɣԼϱŵɱҵ
˭֪߶ȻϺʱĴǷ׷״룬ҪȡϾԭʯԼϺΪϺİΣɢ
ϺĴɱ߰˰ˣڶȻ֮ʱԪҲˡ
뿪Ϻ·䣬֮ڻصʱҪе飬¼ɱĸɸɾ
İת˲ţϺѾ֪ΪˣұץϺϺߵϸûв
ۼѽֻк֣ŲֹϺ
ҵĻҲе顣
άү˵ŵһԼĻ³һ
˵һĻΪҲ֡
˼䣬еˡ
Ҫ굤;˾ˣû뵽һһ鷳֮С

1083 ̶ѨҲҪ

1083 ̶ѨҲҪ
Ϣô
֪Ϊ鷳顣
άүΪҲ޷ںδܿ任κһ˵ӣǽԼԪ˭ϡ
аΪ֡
̰ģô鷳ĺ
ǣڽϾԭʯϺؽôᷢ顣
һ˵үӾͺ
Ҳүӣһվȫŷǿŭ
ô
㲻ɣǰϷͲ㣬οǰ
үӺҪ֣Ũҵ޷ݵ໥ײš
̾һ˳үӺ½ǡ
Ҹӱô˵Ҳ֮ʦүӣȴϺ֮ʹʹһΣ
ͺڰǸ岻죬ΪǸĪ⣬ȽĻҪϼ֣үӵĶ֡
Ͼһڵĸܰӣһĵһ֣Ľûɶ¶
գڽĵĵ֮ͣ£֡
Ϸվ͸һӲƥ໥ִϺ֮Ϸ㿴ʲôʵ
ߣ㲻ɣ
ȻϻǳżܣѾѹ
յΪλ鷳Ѿȥˡ
ͽһصʱ´ǰһµˡ
㡭ʦǲԻˣ
ǰʶʦô
һ۾Ϳ˰ʦԻˣĻشҲ֤ʵĲ롣
ȻΨʦһϰ֮û뵽ĺӾȻôˡ
֣ڰļϡ
ʦʶľԴʦô
ľԴֺʦֱһӣȻʶˣǰʦҲڳϣֻһЩ飬ʦ뿪ڡ
δ߽ģΪʦлֺ֮ŮԲűʦŵġ
˵ʦȻӹֱȴǸɶõţԼͬʦֵܡ
걻ڵʱٰʦʦܣκʦʦܶ˵һ
ʦѾʦλˣֻҪʦŮϵ׼صڡ
ʵ֪ʦһֱ᲻ʦܣҸʦܻڵĻᣬ֮ʶʦ֣ܵİΣ
ʦҲףԼŮݣ䲻ܽɶˣڻʦţڵѡӡ
ǰʦŸ֪˽һ˵һСӤӦǰСˡ
ӻлعһĨЦ⸡С
ձ˵Ӧʦ
ʦ
úúãû뵽ϼһһ׿Խĺãã
Ϊʦź󱲡
վһԵƶƺܼɵʵͿƶܾЩ죬֪δ죬˵ĸо
СӣҸôˣ
ģҲὫ㸸Ρ
İƶ˵һʮ鲢δôңԣڻǰȫġ
ƶǵǵɫ˼֣Ŀ˿ȻҲʱ˵һҪеˣƶҵŮʮֵĴϻۣӦڳʲôɡ
ʦʦĵԻƶȽϺá
аҲԲܶ˵һװסκܵˣһ׾׳е顣
ҹɫ֮нĺͤžơ
þưû뵽õطôõľˮ
ٺ٣ʦʵҲû˵ôҲҿĻǰҵ
ָһƣЦЦεҡҡͷ
еʱۼһΪ棬ʦҲ֪еħʣǻˣһĳͻҲΪħħӵĿֲ
ףԼ˵һСѾͷס
ǰʦʦʵһŮమݣʦܲŻΪڵҲΪԼҸ
Ʊǳһڷҷơ
Ϊ羰û뵽СѾͷ굤ˡ
ǣΪҶӣ̶ѨҲҪһʦҶڶˡ
صЦţ֣ס֣˲䣬ָһɫľʶС
ǳɳڵ˪
ţ⻹Ǹճ˵ڶö굤ȥ֮ʱүõһö굤

1084 ⹷ÿɶ

1084 ⹷ÿɶ
˵仰ʱ򣬽ҿȷֻԼʦʱ˿
ǻ񻹲֪Լ굤Ϊе굤䵽ڡ
ʦϻء
ͷ϶ǲ˵Ϊʦܶ໵
룬̫׻ͷˣһǰ˵ԼĻ
ȻǰӦü϶ɡ
ţˣǰΪӦѾ̤һµľ磬ʦô鷳ģˡ
ʲôĴڣ˵꽫Ĵٽɱе顣
ϺʲôĴڣΪʲôᱻץסѹУǸʿΪʲôҪȥ
άүȻѾ˵ľЩǿģࡣ
ʦӦ֪顣
žƱŽϺ飬˼˻֮С
ģһ磬Ӧ֪ڵǧ֮һ
š
ĵͷ˵ŹϺһС
ʵܾǰһ񻰹£˵һమˣǶ˱ʱķ룬£鷢ĸԴ
ĻԶǰǳһ˼ɾĻ档
ͷǰ磬ϺʱһĺһŮӳ˶˵İ£˽硣
˽籾Ͳеӣʧʱһĵʿ
ʿųħɱ壬ɼϺ㽫չˡ
Ϻһֱʿߣһ꣬ʮֱ꣬ꡣ
ʵϺһۿʿʱʼѾˣôõʱ޿԰εİʿ
ʿһΪվں쳾֪ԼҲϺΪΪӲն˿
ʿն˿һ˲䣬Ϻˣ˰ʱ䲻ܺİ޳ֻϣܸߣҲ֪ˡ
ĳһ죬ʿ۵ʱ򣬲Ϻ
ʱףն˿Ҳ޷ϺһһЦѾˡ
ոһ긴һ꣬ʿŶϺκͰ䣬ҲΪˣʿĲڼᶨԼ
ʱϺȴΪ˿еħΪķħ
ʿŵСΪ˿еȴۿϺվǧ˵ʬС
գϺʿУҲץϺ¼С
ɺʿףЩ˲ϺɱҪϾԭʯ硣
ʿ֪ԼľٶɶôصĺڼϺʱʿ˵ԼϺİͰСꡣ
ǣ££ԼΥһֱص
ԼΪΪ˺С꣬ɲǡ
һжԸΥŸķչ
Ϻԭ£ԸɢһΪȡϺɡ
ǣ˭뵽ıҪȡϺʿȻϺؼʱĴǳ˽ȥ
ʿΪ˱ϺˣҲƬϺɱ˴Ҳˣ֮ʱ䡣
ЩάϼһӦú˵ˣнȫǾȡΪİΣΪʦԲ
ʦ֪ʱϺΪʲôҪվǧ˵ʬУ
ܾᣬϺӦòɱôˣʦ˵ʿ֪Լ
ʲôʿԸɢȥһΪҲҪȡϺɡ
ҡҲУ˵ʦһڣҲһ֪е顣
Ϊʦǵģʱ´꣬Сվǧ˵ʬ˵һ仰ҡ
ȻʿûСꡣ
ǧ˵Сɱݺ
С֪Լ޷మ۵˱
ʵۿʿն˿СҲδ֪ΪʿԼŻն˿
ԣҪˣϹħǩԼֻҪΪˣԺʿԶһ𣬲Ҫڹκ˵Ŀ⡣
Ϲħ񣿡
ôڤҹķݶ⹷ڴ֮ǰһֱ˯ô
ԣСϹħǩԼС걻ƭˣȵʿֵʱֻǧ˵ʬ塣
Բۣ⹷ԭɶС궼ƭ

1085 

1085  
֪ʿİ飬˫İԱβ
ʿɢҲ˶䣬ҪѪϴ
ʦΪʲôʱ䣿
ʲôô
ʼҲ֪ΪĶ䣬ʦĻ˵ӦѼʿɢ꣬Ҫʱ䡣
Ŷԭˡ
ģΪʦ˵˵ʱΣ
ĩ߸ӶѾ뿪ںþˣۿһʱʣ޼Ǻ߸ӡ
ǵõһμ߸С޵ʱϵϢ͸Ųľͷ
û뵽̶̵ʱ䣬߸˶˲һľ
ʦȻеĹйΣգÿһεΣն˵һ˵ˣ˭ҿڵĽģһȺӢһ˲ء
Цţе·̿Σѡ·Ҫǰȥ
˵·ֲֻһˣ·ϣʦ飬֮һֱҡ
ȥ֮Ҫ׼ѡˣɽȺС̬ڴ㽻ˡ
ǵһ֮ѡ߸ӻصڵʱʼѡΣ߸ӵΪȻѡϴչ֡
ʱȺ˿ĵӣ;ڡ
˵һеḶ́ж͸ŵǣ³⺢ӡ
뿪֮ǰ³֮ػ񵶣ѵȻ޿ɱ⣬ǲڹ涨ʱ񵶵³̱ᱻɡ
ģʦ³̣Ǳĩÿһˣ߸ҩүүͽء
ǰΪʦҩϼһĽ̵һƽصڵġ
ЦţžƱһ
գۡ
һ糿ľͱץڽĻ·ʱ˽
磬´ܲţǸʲôõġ
ɱõġ
¿ŽģҰҰ죬һĨЦ⸡С
ȥۡʮء
ʲô
ûеıģСôˣǼҴˣΧôС
˵ȻҪǰ
ɷ˵ץסĵ뿪˷䡣
ûԷأ
Բûʲô᳤ֲ߳󡣡
Ϊĳǽĵĸӣڳô
ѾģΪʮ֮һҾˣ㣬ʦҲڣǼˣ
ԣ
ͣ˽ŲĿ⿴űԼһصĽģȽĿڻشһ͵ؽǰŮ˼ϡ
Ȼ֪Լͱĥˡ
ңû緹ôҶθˣ£
ɽô˵Ҳֱ֣ۡĿ֮£ڼϵĽķ
Ѿģ㣡
˵ţĵŽż˫סĲӡ
ü˷׷˫ۿǰһĻ˵ʲôȻĲӡǲۻ˲˻þ
Ҳ˾ǾţһΪСŪ·ǺͱˣǻһҽһѪȡ
˫Ĳӣǵûκβõı飬֮Ȼһ˿˿֮⡣
СùãǶѾۼˡ
һСùûڽĵֱŽĵӣϡ
ǡ
ôģ
ǹˣ
˰˰ǻ
糿һֱۡСһλϣأͺϿԺô
ͰһһվڽߣһֵһС
ϵĽĿŴվŵļüͷ֮ſ˵һ仰
˳


ҵȾۼڴˣδһҵ顣
˵ˣһҪľƲҡ
ĹأϮεһҪһնɱɡ

ĴŹǷûԼһοڡ
ڽô˼һεûϰƺղ˵ɶ
ĵһ仰úˣȻǺɫġ
֮£ֻҪһ仰̽նס
һ˵껰һǿϢǵصֻۡոձĺһǿɣ˺ݺݵײʯϣһѪӿ

1086 ô

1086 ô
֮֮ݣƺֻҪٱƱһ䣬ᱻɱ
ؿڣ˫۲Ŀеĺŭ棬ǰʵǽҪ˵Ļʻ˶С
һߵ߰üΪΡ
Ǻ⣬֮䲢޳ޣΪݶ
ǰҲʸԳƱ
һ仰˵ҪôԵжôİԵ֮⣬ȻΪʮµǰǹߵغļƣ˵һӸ˵Ļ
ϵĽĴָ˵̫ˡ
ĻúŭۣһССѣ浱Լˣʮƾʲôһ񣬱ϥ
ô
һᣬһγֵס
ʱվһԵǿ˿ڣ˴ӽŵĵͷŷź⡣
˵Ȱ˵Ҫ׶֣ɻ粻Ȱ
һΣջǳԽ硣
˵һһڳÿһˣоεĲҲҪţļ࣬Ҳѡе
˵һ顣
ʥҫǰһ˫Ӷ伫ۡ
˵áʥҫк£
бһö굤ǰڳ֮ʱ˴룬굤ΪʱӦϺĪĹϵ
ʥҫĻýͷ
Լǣ鶨ȻϺĪĹϵʥҫģһһ굤
һ굤
Ǻǣȫܣ
һö굤Ӧ´ӳԵ߰˰ˣٹվͿȫˡ
űܿʥҫû뵽Լ˸ɽ굤תƳȥˡ
ãá
أô
صڴУŶӰһ
𴲾ͱ˶Ӹۡʲôûԡ
Ȼ̬ȲҲܵ˳ͷҵ黹¾ϡ
ǺüϣıǽĸϽҴ
Ҳ˵վһ
Ϊһֻ֮ǸոεѣδңҪ˼ȻûǶ°ɡ
ҲǸĻˡ
ûеõԼҪĴ𰸣ǰһҪýĸϽ¾ңǶڣ
üҡҡͷʾ˿̲ʱἰҵ顣
ˣ
Ƿ׷뿪ֻۡʣ¶˵ĽģԼ
ʲôҶ׼ӽˣ
ߴﹾϵĻصţҧ촽Ƕˡ
СùýձֵĲȥԴ͡
ôģ
˫ĻɵĿ⿴ǣѲֱʲôˮ
κ̫ˣҲǲʲôı񣬽ĸǣڽĿջ
ûʳô
һӼ˽ĸոռסĲˡ
˶ӡ
罪ĳԻԸñ˵ߵʳҪǶθܣ봸һ١
ôôˣԭֻǸըҩͰڱ˸ըҩͰ
ڱϵʱ䣬ѾԹ˱ۡʳ
һ仰Ҳ۵׵ĺ䡣
һһ࣬žθůůģ
ڤҹúȡ
ɷʲô
ǲȥִŽĽǷɡ
һߺһ߳С˵Ļ̌ͷһּͷֱ࣬ףŷشǵ⡣
ʥҫ˺ܿɣһΪʲô굤ڶΪʲô֪ĴڣۡЩҪթңթʲôϢ
˵һЩ飬ʥҫ˵ֵʱ˲һ
ҵǺ棬ôͺϵġ
ΪξʥҫϺйϵ
ֱҵֱһ׼У
һڲˣķ¿ӿǺ
ȻǺĹϵˣʺڰ˴ʲôλãʱһдѶʱκһڷҧһڡ
ĵĻǶ˷׷üͷһ˲䣬뱩Ű֮ջС
ȱ˵ʵΪԼȫǣҾбҪһС
Ŷˣ˫ֶż򣬰һ˫Ŀ֮Ǻܲӡ

1087 ʲô

1087 ʲô
ŷгŵǿѹĲδһŭݵۺ˪ǡ
˫ֶżŶȣĿڶ˵ϡ
ʵһֱиʣΪʮΪҲ£ΪҪ֮У
ǽһֱ벻׵顣
ǣʮеĺڰ
ʮеǿڡ
˺ұ֮Ϊλ䣬˵ΪҲվ۷֮ϵĴڡ
ǣΪΣ
ҳ飬ľʮȻҺȴҼıе飬Ȼ˵ĻһеĲ߻үӡ
ñȺͼΪ飿
Ծŭ⣬Žġ
վҵλãɵࡣ
װ׵ĸվԼλϣӦòز
ڱүǰһ֮󣬱ᱩߡ
ͬˡ
Ǿ仰ȻǶѾˣϣλװ׵ĸҶλ룬һҲԷҵ顣
ĻǵԼĿģȻƻб䣬ĿĲ䡣
Ϊ뵽ƻУȴЩֲѾչزҪ˽顣
ǶˣΪˡ
֪Ĺǣһ仰ôţ
ǻشĵܼ򵥣ˣűǣҲʲô͡
ֵϵŭ޳ȴ̺۵˫ָû
СѾͷסˣǱΨһһνͣҲһΡ
һĴڣҪκ˽Լµɣȴ
ϴ
ΪǷһ顣
£˵ʲôҲûнʲô¶
ݵӣһڲ˷ڿУֺһ࣬ķꡣ
ҳԱˣλá
Сùأ
׼뿪ʱǽס˽ġ
ңʲô
عĲĿǣôˣ
СùΪλҪѰһô򵥰ɡ
ҲСѾͷô򵥣ʥҫ굤նɱ˺ֵܾͷ߻ʣһڵĵӡ
һһĻصڽĵĶߡ
죬Ŀϣ֪֪Щ顣
ɰɣȻֶôˣСùҾ͸ˡ
ЦŽǴֶӣԿɫһݣǽһˬ
Ŀö굤ҲģΪʲôɱ˾ͷ߻ʡȫϻ񣬽˶ѡ
˵ĻѾ˵ˣҲûбҪʲôˡ
λҪû¶ĻҾȻȥˡ
һ糿ͱȥۡȻȥȡ
һߴŹǷһʧڶ˵УҲδǺ۵׵顣
ʲô
ǶƱǷһڱơ
ֻ룬СѾͷʲôܡ
һ˿Ц⸡ڴǣ뿪֮ǰһ仰
СѾͷվСùãң˺ħκν
ǻظҲͬĻ
˱˴˶֪ںڰõ罪࣬ư¹һΪԨδâĽӴů
վˣħħֹ¼ﶼ޷ͻƵġ
һҲܵܽѡ
һߣĻصȰ˵ſƶֻľԴ˵ʲôĻԽ˵ƶԽǿ
ʲôɥĲ飬Ѳɡҵ찡ƽ濴һ˾ӵģû뵽Ȼô
¿Ų֮ͣеııжôŨˡ
æһжǽǸӡ
ʦˣ鲻ǸӣǡƶﵣԾͿˣôȰ˵ҲȰã
ƶôˣ
ƶߣһ־
ʮ˲ܿ࣬ʳѰ
ƶӹĵ־۽ǵˮÿÿ뵽ʮ˲еģо͸ӵܡ
ңȻҽίУһὫȳġ
ʦã˵Ϊô¶
Ҳ˵ģǲףڵĵôͳˣ
⻰ʱƶĿҲ˽ĵϡ
ҾͷĺܣҲǺȥμʮĻô˭֪ȴץΪ
֣˿ԼϴŵĽָ
˵ˣ֮ԲɣΪָȺɵǲš

1088 춯

1088 춯
ıʾԼ൱μʦʱ֣ûɲصľ档
Ҳ˵ڳΪԷźҸף
ƶץסĵ½ǣεĿʵ˿
ĸΪŮǵƶļȴҡҡͷ
Ҳ룬һ˵ûʲôǾ仰ȻҴӦ˾㸸ףһ뿪ʮ˲
ֻ˵˹̣ûо˵ʱʲôԼûнƻƶͰ
֪ԽԽȫǰƶ
κΣա
Сӣ
ƶеϣѹ˽ĵϡ
ˣһʱ˵ʲôʲôգҪҪȥ
ߣƶճüչǸúúõسȥ͸һ͸ˡ
ϵʱ򣬽ķ䣬źþƺò˷ϣүһ߳һߺš
ʦһôӰ
һʱ䶼ûпʦĺʦȥʲôôҲӰ
ȥ˿
ƱһһС˷ȥŸ߽ǰп顣
ʲô飿
ĲʦϵأѲʲôô˾ڿڡ
Ϊʦȥ˿һɼǿħڲϵɢ͵ǧʬ֮ʱɢϢһģһ
˫ص̾һʮֿ϶˵ĴӦϹħŹϵ
ʦ˼˵һεҲϹħǣ壿
ʦҪ˵ʲôŵ˵ͷʦɵҧ촽
ϷµûĻϺʮֵأҲϷУӦҪռ˵꣬һҪҸǿ
ŴĿԡ
Ȼδ̤зһжڵƿ֮С
Ȼܶ鿴ֵ⣬ܼóһۣռ꣬ǰһϹħԼ
ģԺҪСһЩܾǱΧ
ŽĵİΣ˭֪ȴű顣
ģ
֪ʦһСĵģʦȾơ
ĸ˾Ʊ⣬һһСʼ³ˡ
ҹɫţڸӺڰԨ֮С
˯УԭʶĽȴĪĳһƬԴУһ鲼һ仨
ʱһɫȹͷһ˫ŮŰ͵͵Ĵţǰδ̤˽硣
˽֮УŮܵϰԼݣǺĶβͻʱʱ©ϱ˿־塣
Сģֻ˶ѣΪʲôˡ
һ죬Сһʿ֮£һɫĿӳСС
ǣ˿СڸὫץС껹ǽظ˵
֪˵ֽīʱ򣬸䱦һ㣬ÿ춼Ҫźü֡
˱߶ķˣץסСβ𣬵壬βǲܱġ
С֪ԼīīҲСһ֣
ոһգ긴һ꣬Сīʿߣλ˰ˣСҪúõУʱҲҪΪһĴ
һ죬ȴīԼ˿նϣû˿ͺͱľͷһûκθ顣
һ̣Сʲôһ
뿪ˣʧã벻ԼĲãΪʲôīϲ㲻ϲԼҲá
˼򵥵Ը޷ʵ֡
Ϊʲô
Сã֮ʣһСߣСֻҪΪ˾ͿԺīԶԶһ
СǵǩԼС겻Ը˺˵ץס޹Ҳ͵͵ߡ
ɲ֪ΪΣһʲôˡ
߱ץסǧˣɸϵʱе˶ˣһʮᷳԴԴϵ档
ⲻҪģǡ
벻ǣһжī꿴Уͣ˵һж޹ء
īеʧֽ͵ҷӡУһ̣֪ĸоԭôƽֻҪһɡ
еÿһ춼꣬еħԴԴϵӿһСĴҲյıڴˡ

1089 ü֮

1089 ü֮
һ죬īСǰҪ뿪յĵط
ȴ۳ЦīΡ
ӣīԸԼе
īɢȥһΪȡ֮ʣ˳
ˣīҲһȫǵǸʿȻ鷳С꣬ȴڷΣյʱ򣬽С껤
īˣ껯Ƭʧ֮䣬ɵɵվԭأȵعʱ򣬴еĴǱɱ߰˰ˡ
˶䣬󣬽ѪϴѪϴ¡
˵ʧУǿħҲ޷ռīƵ·꣬գϹħһγ֡
֪ǰԨѾĻɱ˫۵ѾһˣϹħǩԼ
ʱ棬¼䣬ѩɽݴԣȥ֮أֻΪռīꡣ
棬»ص
Ŀվڳǽϵһ˫ɫӳųеĻ޲ýһѻմ
棬ʹ˶Ĵ˹
īĹôΪλῴһУ
¶ˣ
ĸո˽ֱӽ˯ѵĽĿ˼ӵУֱۡ
ҪǲһɣŴǰ뿪
һ˫Ǻ⣬İӣĿ
üˡ
ĿڽĵϣԼ·˽ͷ
ϡ
ˣʲôʱģ
Ļüͷӹ·Űüôġ
֪ۡǱᴩ
ۡ
ʱۡǳࡣơ
뵽ˣԺиֳվǽϵĻ档
ٶۡ
·ĽľǸ͵·СӣЩЦ

Ķڰüߣءǰ̴һѪ౻˵İü
ͷΪͣϾʮҩ裬ߵıûκ쳣Ӧڰüδ¶֡
ˣΪһȰüҪ߳һȼһǰüʶˡ
˭
ʥҫô
ܣȻҲʮôʵʮеףǰüĶ֡
ѲɻϺΪ
ܣ
үأ
ݱȽ⣬ǣүӣƶ֮⣬˶֪ڵҲ
ά߻·ϣƬ֮
˿ŰüģһŶԷĿǺϡ
룬ֲǡ
˶˱άүӲǿΪ֪ȡ
ҿˣɱ˰ûҵĲҲˡ
Ϊ϶
ŽģΪʲôô϶ֲǶˡ
תͷĿһۺǼǳԲǴ򣬹ȻһǿϮֱˡ
һ˺ݺݵײʯϣʯӣƣͬѪˡ
˰ҵġ
һüʱ䲻ʱۡʱ㣬Ǻûʱ䣬ǵĸۡԶǸһ𡣡
˿Žϴ·һ֣ټ̬֮ȣҲʲô
ʲôأ˼ܴܲһ㡣
İһָָü˿ڡ
˿ʮ̴ַ˲ȡࡣ
ħ޵˵ǼѵĲƷҲѹȺ˽ǺΪС
֪Ǻɱ˰üüƽӼӲ˽Թ൱гɱֲǡ
ȻǸç򣬵ͰüҲ磬Ҳ֪üͷԸ
˵ÿ˶ɾ֤ü˽ġ
˭Ҳ֪һҵǣСһЩһĿ㣬㣬㡣
ĵĿһһڳˣǵЦĵëȻ
üӦϺĿθˡ
ڻۡʱȥһ˺ϣȻǰʮ˲ȥҡ
ò壬ҪֹҲûΪ
Ƕ뿪ɣЩҪҡ

1090 뿪

1090 뿪
ʮ˲֮Уһγײˮڡ
ȷ뿪ֻǶ˵ʱ򣬽һ̤ˮС
⼸ոоΡ
ָ˲Ϊʮ֮޲뿪
һΪ뽪ĵһ棬ǰĿΪΣֱǵҩЧɢΪ
ҲԼˡ
ǣ뿪ʮ˲ΨǸ˳ֲſɡ
֪ǵүӶ˵ˣʦҲѾ
ʦ
ô֪ĵʦ˭˵⼸շ飬ϺԼƻ
ʦ鿴һĿǰյϢ㻹֪ô
Ƿ֪飬ҳĬƬ̣ҡҡͷ
ûУȻүεˣȻҲ㣬Ϻ鲻ɴ⣬ʥҫϺ£һҪСĲǡ
ѾɣҰüҲûĻӦϺµ֡
˵ԼɵĿ꣬ɱ˰üпܵ˾Ϻ
ô˵ϺѾʼжˣҪԵ齫Ӽ֡
˵Žļƻ󣬽Ҳ뿪תʱҽסˡ
࣬Ӧһô
ҵĻＸǴſζͣ½ŲתĿġ
ʲô飿
˼Ƭ֮󻺻˵Լ
޵ŮͳжԶ߶ԶԶԶҪٻص
ҵϣܰƶߣ뿪ҲҪ
ãȥһƶ˵ģƶʲôҲңϾҵϰ壬һö굤Ӷҡ
Цţת뿪ʮ˲ûпе飬һָӾ顣
صʱѾϵˣպúõķһ˭뵽üͻȻȥŪ˴ֲ
߰ɣ˵Ҫúõķһô
ƶŮǰļС
ĻƽڣŮǶһŻϲԼԸ
ĺƶȻ˻дԸ
ľԴҲɷ羰ģ
Цţһƶ
ƶȻ˵ľԴԸ̫ڹֱĵǸˣοһһҪȢΪޣľԴΣһҪʵʵ˵
ĲɵӣʱľԴƶչ˼ֱ΢뻳˵Ļɷ羰֮⣬ûʲô֮⣬㲻ġ
òò֪ó굤ôõıӦǷǸ֡
ľԴñǱ۾۾ȻһһУҲǿȥִᷳڡ
׼һ˾ĵףǶԷ
˵˵ľԴôģ
СӣǰҰٰãҲҶ԰кøУˣ
˵ҶǼٵģôʱ棬˵֮⣬δһչԼȻһʼǳΣǽأᵽ˱˹ĵů
ǣ˵һˣ˺ǲκκýġ
ؽֹ˺鶼ԱճϺʿİҲˣֺοСңѲطĽ
ƶЦţЦЩ
˵طʱ򣬽Ҳ̾һ
β֪
֮ǰŮۣΪĵమˣֱתֻǧ׳Ϊ޳
׺͵ĽѾǺõˣħ֮գø³
˺ˣ˵ôɥĻˣȾȥ
Ⱦư˰ɡ
ƶҡҡͷܾ˽ĵ顣
һ㣬һ㡣
Ǻðɣһ㣡
ջżУһߺȾһ߽ʮ˲˵Ļƶ
˼ҰͳжԶ߶ԶҾȳ֮㸸Ůžۡ
Ҹô˵ô
žƱƶеˮˢһӾˡ
ĲǺ仰Ϊɶֿ
ƶĹ㣬Բ뿪Ƿ֮ء
֪ԽˣԽǲ¸һʮ˲ܿ࣬Ҳߣ
ƶᶨ߽ľϣߣҲȥҪŸ뿪ʮ˲֮󣬶һ뿪뿪ĵĵط
ðɣ߱㲻ߣľȾƣ
ʵѾµƶĻˣҲãܱ뿪ҪȫһЩ

1091 Ҳ

1091 Ҳ
ΪϺĹϵûкȶֻ࣬ٵĺ˼ơ
ƶȴǺȶˣžƺﵹбĿڽߣǽĲţ˾͵˵ϡ
ʦãôƶôơ
ƶôƵģ
ҪͣҲ֪ƶľô¶ǾԺĲʡˡ
ʲôɣٵӸ
ĿⶢţƲ졣
˾ӣϱͽչˡ
ֱӽƶƵ˰ĻУøڡ
ĸ˵ģźȶ˵ƶ뿪ˡ
ŽʧеĶˣ˫ֶżһٸӣҲʲôľٶ
Ⱦȥˣ
׼ԼʱһͻȻ֡
һγʱк
ЩһԼƽ
ô˻˯ʬأ
ǰʬһ֪ߵغĳûбϺˡ
˽һۣ˵껰󣬱תʧ˺ڰ֮У±һһ±ƵĽġ
˭ˣôַƢˡ
㲻ΪĴŹص˷䡣
İȫ㿴ҿ㣬еɫǽһȡ
ǲǿˡ
һ˿пԭһ𿴴ļ̫˰ɣ
ȷûпһӰ
ӽĺƶ뿪ۡʼһֱڰбŽġ
ҪȻô˵Ǿ仰
˿ĺӰҲǱŽĵ
˵ǲϲ˽ģ
ɵǼʱôĹһϲ˽İ
ǿ϶ԼһУһζôǨͣǰŽĵʱиƽûйᡣ
ԣᡣ
ɡħˣ˺ħ֮䲻кýİ
֮䣬ħ֮䣬ֻҪΥط
˺˺ħ鶼ԱβǿһĴڣҲ벻طĽ
˵ģȻ꣬ԴӳΪʮ֮δɱ޹ΪĴڣܴﵽʱƽͣЩԩ˵˺ħ°¡
మˣȻܵĳͷΪǲ뿴һĻķ

һۣ׷̾һ
һжֻ˰ˣ
ϣˡ
һߣصеĽĽڤС
ӣôˣΣ
ףѾɹ굤ڸһʱںϣҵΪֻһ̨ء
ЦļΪãΧڽתתȥ˶ɢޱʥĹâ
ã˴ӣܸܲоϺϢ
Ϻֻ֮еʱ䣬ͱϢϢҲϺںδ
һ죬ܷоϺϢ
ףֻܸܵһʮǿԼһЩ֪ʲôϢ
̾ڽߵ޷ϡ浽ô¶Ǻ˿־壬ʮֲġ
ױ£ȶȫȫں굤㹻ˡ
ҴӹԣȥɣҲҪˡ
ص˽ָУı˫ڤתۼ䣬һҹʱȥˡ
峿һصĽŲ𣬻Ŷ룬·ˮɾ䡣
ֵܣʱųôзʲôˡ
ոĽ㿪צӣ֪Ҫһ
ˡ
˭ˣ
ǽû˵Ļֻ˵Щһʱѽܡ
ˣͰüͬ
ôܣ˵ʮ˲Խ룬˵Ҹҳ˵ҩΪѾָ߰˰ˣϺǿ󰡣ҲϷص²κɱҡ
ֱҵʬ壬˵Ļ
ǣôܡ
żҵģôͳʬ塣
ҵߣļϵ˿ڣͰüһģһҲ˵ͬһˡ
ܣûѺҽ
ʮ˲ںۡȻǺΣο֮
ûã㼴Ҳʲʲô
ΪΣ
ʱ򣬽Ϊ˵Ҳʲʲô
ʱ˿̵ĺɵɵ̱ڵϣն쳣
˾ԪҲˣ

1092 ˭

1092 ˭
ǺǣβͣÿɫģǺǺǣ
ſˮͺͽϿķɡ
Ҳˣɵӣˣ̤ۡʱһĻĻѪȵĻ档
ۡͬѪˮ֮УŨҵѪ֮֮䡣
վԺУصʬ壬һ˫üšһ
ΪΣ
ң˵ԺļƻΪһҹĹͷ顣
һܵԼɻһЩûκô
۵Ѫ֮ɫ޹أӦƶһὫҾȳȥǸŮƽĵӡ
ˣ
㿴
վڽߵеһɫëӹɣϺ֮⣬ҳڶΪ˸Ĵһҹʱ֪½ۡɱɱѾָ߰˳Ϊҡ
һ
ϺֵʱûиҷӦĻᡣ
֪Լ˵ЩĶף׼ӵϺë֮ʱһõԼС
ӡ
ϺΨһܿϢҵϺһϢ
鲻ʹգ
ȷе˵պ˽ȥ
Ϊʲôң
ɽôҲ벻ףȲ˵ۡĽ䱸жôɭϣ˵ҵΪ
ڵҩ֮£ҵΪûȫָ߰˳еġ
Ϊ֮һҾȻᱻϺһ
ֻֿܣ
ĵĿ⿴ű̧ңҰ׵ݲκʹı飬жϣֻֿԡ
һ֣ϺΪѾǿǲܶԿĵزֻ׺͵ּ˲Ӧԡ
һֿԣĺ˵ĵһֿһĻǿϺΪλҪıһУʥҫʮ֮С
һֿԵļСɣǱڶֲ²⡣
뵽ʲô
Ž˵ڶֿܡ
Ϻߣ죬һǺϤ֣ҲŻûκη±ɱ
侲ķеϢҵϢȫһ𣬲²Ŀԡ
үӺҲ˵Ϻȷе˵ߡ
Ϊʲô
ҵѾΪʵ׸Ҳ졣
Ҳòȥۡһ˳ɵĻ֮⣬ȫʬɱ
ǰһ컹ʮĺ˿Ѿûˡδǰֵ֮⣬ûκιʺ֮ˡ
߲ο
صۡʱѾˣֱұɱϢ֮һʱϵ
Ρ
ҡҡͷһ߹ƶ֪߽οڸ
СôŻ
ƺͽ˵ﻰԭƶЦ˲١
Ŷ淢һЩ顣
ҲСˣˣСʲôʱǰʮ˲ĻһҪңҺǰһЩùȥ
˵꣬ƶתȥֻʣվԭز֪ô˵ƶĽġ
ɱҵϺڳҲϺĶ֡
֣˰̵ĴԴе顣
û˵ʲôһǣת뿪صԼԺ䣬굤ҲûĻػ
ʦôˣ
ҹΣյϢ
Ľɫĺëϣ֪ʲôʶϺ
ޡ
ҡҡͷҪǵ죬һֱڲ̽ѳɵ顣
ģĿ˵һҵɵģ㲻Ҫֻץܸһ
οŽģҸ߽ԽĲȶˡ
ʦ˵ٽĴǷйϵ
ҲΪʦ֪ʲôϺԼܶԸ˵ģȻҲǰΪʦɽ
Ϊĵʦ̫֪Լͽˡ
鲻ǶϷұɱʱĲʮ˲У롣
֪ʦ
һʱ䣬Ķû˯
ڶ峿һγ˷УڴϵĽĻعͷѾϰԽ
һ˭ˣ

ˣ״Ͱüһ屻̴౻ߣһ
ۡһ㣬˶ɱһ

1093 ж

1093 ж
üǿˣҲǽ
ǰټһʮĿҪһϷŪ֮䣬Űɱ־Ȥ
ۡ
Сӣʲô飬ǿȥȥģ
Щĵ飬õģľԴأ
⼸һֱæϺ飬ǽľԴˡ
˯ǰˮ˷纮һȥһЩҩͺˡ
˵㲻԰ҩˣľԴҪ֪Լôչţһֵúϲ£졣
ĴȤƶƶͷߵЦš
ûУҾǿûչˣΪѵչչˣȥæɡ
Ǳ˵ƶæƿ˽תȥ
һ紵ҶƮ£ĿŽʧеһӰЦҲʧС
һҹɫĴУг֮⣬мղүӣԼһֱ׷
ģʲô֣ҹİǶˡ
үӣ˵Ĵٽɶԡ
Ĳδ˵ԼԭΪΣү˵Ǿ仰
ת˲š
ǣҶӹϣ֮ѪµգǲѪ֮ǰץסϺ»ϺС
ү˵ΪĽѣĿһֱŽģĪѾͷʲô
СѾͷǲǷʲô
š
³һı˫ۣһ˫ʱָûѾ˾ϡ
һĶ㲻ȥĻֻˡ
һĪĻصУĵĿ⿴Զ쳣ӡ
šüͷ֣һ˽ĵԴϡ
þͳװʲô
Ѿģж
һƴԴϵĽһɤӺ˳ͻȻһɤүӺһ
¿˫Ľģǳе״̬
ϲµĽģҲϣ·ǵĳ
ա
˰ķУһ԰׵İͷ
ôộǷˣǷɧˣ
ʦްֻǸȾ˷纮ѣȿȣ
һʱδĲصѾ޷´ĵزˡ
ĸ̾һ
ѾģһľԴһҸ㿪һҩ˯һ
Ǿ鷳ʦˡ
ϵİЦţԲʲô飬ȴûи߽ġ
ⲻƽյİ𣬽ҲóԼ˵˵Լ顣
֮󣬹Ѫ֮ҹĲͿȬˡ
ĸҴ˱ӣһҪʱҩõĴ𸴺ŷĵ뿪
վ⣬ͣ˽Ų̧ͷ貵ǿա
죬Ҫˡ
һʱ䣬ĶںүŸ׼ԱӦѪ´١
ѾѰǱߵǣģүӺ˱˴֪Էʵˣûɡ
ʱ棬˷Ϊ鶼֣㲻ֵҲɳȥִС
ۿѪ֮ҹճޱȡ
ҹɫڸʣŨħϵ֮С
ӵʱ˿̸Ϊ֡
ۡʱڰصӰֳӰһɫȹŮӳڽֵ룬ɢħŵ˻
֮һѪ֮ҲҶһˡ
ŮӵԶ·ߴͻȻ֮صڶϡ
֮ϵ³Ŀ⿴˵ŮӣŴɢǿħӵϢмֳЦ֮顣
ħħ
ԵϺǣ˲ǣϺȻƶ
ϺϱŷǿϢϵħ˲ɢ
ڰƺҵݡ
Ϊβ죬Ϻ˭뱾޹ء
Ϻͬĵһ㡣
Ǵһӣһħŭϯ
ˣиҪҪȥұǡ
ʥҫֳΣһɫĳɢֻǣҲħȾħ
Ȼʥҫϸ
ƾ֪Ļ켣ڣӦ㡣
ǺǣҺҪллڰĿˡ
ʥҫóԱԼǿĺڰȻӲӲֻûס

1094 αִ

1094 αִ
ƾ㣬Ҳס
ɢʱǰľˣЩ˶Ѿȥõֿѡ
һ֮Уĵһߵǰ˫
Ϊʮ˵ڻеĽļγĵǵ֮ʣһ紵ɢ
ҳΪҸߣɼħҲִΪ׵뿪Ļô
һΣþǰԾǽġ
վԭأĻӰ֪ǰһжǼٵģȴǱһĪǣš
ֶӣһ뿪òãȥһû˵ĵطҡ
ЦЦůǵ棬ŮװԼĻС
δܵ˵ůڼķ֮С
񣬽ľǰ˵е
á
һĺֳڣǻ֣˽Ķǰĳ
ڻٿ߻ʥҫһʱ죬׼滻þǰһ
ʥҫȫ͹ǵֹ֮ʥҫ˽ĵĻγһ̣оһֻֽضס
Ļ˱Ҫֻϧþվǻþ
һ÷ʵˡ
˵룬˵ǲʵʵĻ롣
翵Ĵڣ±ڷ֮ãҪֻмԱʵ
һǴʥҫĲʥҫΪʳøɸɾ
ʥҫصʱֻʣһʬ塣
ǵǰУĿı
˿ʧеӰ˲ʧԭأķɱȥ
ۿѪ½һѪγɣǰǿ

һߡƵĸħ֮ǣ߼ʡ
ʱǰһĨЦ⸡Ĵǣڿĵʱƺıס
Сӣ֪Ҿġ
Ҳƶ罪ƽദģһ˫ɫȴˣѾĹƶҪµ
㸸ʱκο־ı飬Ҳһʶˣһ㲻ܻ֪ǰϸĶ
Ļ˵㣬ҲΪ㣬ټƶʱ۽һɫâƮɢڿеɫë
ұɱΪԼŮС
ڽǰʮ˲ȥҵʱƶߡ
֪ŮݣΪһףΪˣϣŮƽ뿪³ޣϣܱ˽ѡ
ȴ룬ƶɱɱҵʱ򡭡ƶʮ˲ʱұ֪ԼҪʲôĽ֡
Сӣò˵ܴ˵Ķԣɱ˸ףɱ˰üǣڰǸľԴҵ
ƶҡŰеľβͣɫβԽŨҵѪ֮쳣ɭ
СӣյϣֻҪ뿪ұ㲻Ϊ㡣
Ѿƶò
һʱ佪ĴħȴҲ˴
֪ΪΣڽĵܸоһʮϤϢͬϢ
Сӣ뿪֮ǰشһ⣬ΪҲҺ
ƶŽģΪλԽһֺܸ֮ӦֵĲͬǿҲ쳣ľԶ
֮ǰľβŮۡ
ǰһδȥľٶ
ƶԣӦýΪʡ
ƶ֣һ˫
һй֪籾ôᣬȴħֻҪңһռī꣬һ껹ǰ껹ǧ꣬Ҷ㡣
ĲƶɱŵֻҪγҲһֱִŵħϣһռīꡣ
ңҵ׶һа취ġ
񣿹Сӣ֪ôΪڲŻӣҲΪҿ͸Ŀ͸һеα
Цţһ˫ɫӸɷӿ֡
ҡڰеľɫβк;ʤһ˲䣬ؼŵѹͬһ˫˫ֽס˽ĵֻ࣬Ҫ΢΢һὫķ顣
ִܷֺαִֻ꣬Ϊ˵ȴոĻᡣ
Ѫɫ¹Ѿȫǿ֮䣬ħŷţ·һ㡣

1095 Ҫúõ

1095  Ҫúõ
Ŀ⿴ڳÿһˣάԼǣнġ
Ȼ㲻ߣǾȺһǡ
ԴԴɢħѪ֮¸ǱǣƺӦʲôһɫħӿڰУʮһ
𣡡
ʱһŭлص˶ߣĵ׵һ
ǡ
˻ʲô˼ɽˡ
ͨеɱ
ôܣô
ף

ŭϵشдһɱĺÿһ˵ࡣ
ףѾʧһ壬û뵽ȻС
֪֮ЩϢȫǼ̳굤Ҳͬʱ굤ļ䡣
ô
ףѾˣҸո˵ڶö굤һö굤ϢһʮֿµϢ
˵Ķʱſˮ͸ſ־֮⡣
˪־Ĵڣʲôµ顣
ʲôϢ
˵ʱʮö굤Ѿȥʮ굤ʮ֮ΪŽѹ棬ϺĿҪſеҲ
˵Ļı˲䱻亹͸
ʦ²ˣ
ŭԾɻţйűѹŭ
ǡ
ϺĿǴųһҲǰڴ˵һ뿪ʱֻȥ׺͵ˡ
˵ԣϺĿġ
ʱϺѾ
Ҹɡ
ߣС꣬ΪҲ֪Ŀʲô
صصÿһ˵ĶϣڵЦš
ʱ򽻳ˣϹħԼ
ãǵҪīһ˿ꡣ
ʱϺϵϢƱһȫħɢһеΪϺͻữʧ֮䡣
һϺҪֻһ飬ռīһ˿꣬еī½ֻء
ɵһī꣬ƭ㡣
Ĳٿŷһֻ޴ķ˻ûеĺڰ
ǷһôзһԣϻϢȻоβϣ㵽ʲôˣ
еǿӲ̬Žĵݡ
үģ
Ѿʧȥ˴󲿷ͬˣڰвϵţþȫȴһڣؼʱˡ
ɫ԰׵İȵرסص׹ڵϡ
ôôɵ
ĿŻеС꣬Ҫǰȴֹˡ
ҡҡͷ̾һ
īһ˿תʦ֮ʱһ˿Ļ꣬Ҳⳡѣ㽫ռ˰ֻأֻǡ
ֻǺĻû˵һжʦ
дīһ˿ֻ꣬أȴա
Щ飬ؿи߽ģΪ̫֪ĵӡ
𲢷ĶԼΪҪ´٣Ϊ˰ϣӡڹһС

ظŻеŮӣ罪ξ
ʱǿʿīҲϲС˯ʱô
˷ǡ
㻹ˡ
ɫ̰ĿŰҪס˵ӡ
ûǲģһ˿꣬ҲһһΪµˡ
£Ĳ£
û㣬һôȥӼһֻ֪ۣ֪Ҳҵġ
˻ںޣǻܡ
ʱ޿̲ںԼΪεû͡
ʱкö໰û˵ڣʱһǸ쵰
֣ڴߣôİôᡣ
ֻصǸʱء
ЦţЦͬǰֻеİ
һܣѾ̫̫Ŀѣձ
飡
ܰһ˲̡
еһǿڰϢɲǼ䣬ԼΪסе˺

1096 ү

1096  ү
ޱ޾ĺڰУΨһŽʧлɻҽӰԼһصڶߵĻ
úûȥΪҡ
ʧˡ
׵ʧˡ
ݻ٣껯˻ҽԶԶʧ֮䡣
ڵϣ˫ֱۣԭأĿʧǰȱʲôҲˡ
׶Ĵ̹ǵʹȫµÿһ۵޷
ãǣǿֹסҪħ
άүӿŰ״̬ԣۼߵĺڰԽӿǶħǰס
һЩ
ͼʶħȾİ𣬿ȫκô
ô죡
ѾþȫȥѹħӿУɴʱбħһһ˳Ҳ˫ۣѪɫÿһˣǿѹ޷Ϣ
ǣʱ֮ãڻˡ
һضɽҡںڰֱʡ
ӣ
ˣף
һ˪ӽָзѾö굤˳ɳڣǲĶֲ֪ϾʮвŽѹ
ӣǱս
֪ף
˪׽ĵ˼ߣѹסħİ
˪û뵽ʳһۿľȻ˪һӡ
үģ
վ˪ͷϵĻ̌ͷһɿǾ޴޷ݵ壬ĵЩССˡ
ԼΣ´ˡ
ǳɳڵѾǰǳԲǶ֡
Ҹ㣬׷ĵİݣб彪īɵѩƺүүƴ޾ƶ˰ִյҪǸҶһëǵĺǣҲᱻ׷ɱ
վͷϵĽ΢б⿴һ۰
ڣǺ˺֮£ѹס˰ħȥ
ߣʲô˶ɱҲ֪ɱ˶ٸһССİ֮ô
ʮֱĵĿŽģҲû
ԭǸӵа֮ȴδ࣬ϢҲΪ˪Сӣ˷еĺϢִӺζ
ղű˵ʲôβŮۣ
ΰ֮û̫ԼԼβŮۼ֡
֮ǰŮۣβҵ˾ݵľ
ԭˣ
һǹϢ˲ĿӿŽķüʱȻᱻ
ү֮ǰ˵һô
Ȼļʱ·ɫĻһƬ
ģ
ĿԼͽܵάүһһұڽߡ
𣿡
һ˫Ѫɫ۾άүӣе龪ûУ޾ıġ
û뵽꣬ԽԽ˻ˣССѣҲʡ
һںɫĻӿάүӣͽķȥһζ㿪
Сޣɴ׿֪һ
δ
˵ѾתڳΪˣôǵĸУѲ׵׷֮һ
Сޣθʱüݺʵʱ򣬱ʻġ
ӸϽҪˣ
Ȼ˪ոתеĺɫһ˹ͷƱҪĸ
ȵȵȵȡ׺֮ǰȥ˵ףҪҵʱ䣬ȥ
㵱ɵô
ŭŽģСӾȻɵһϷˣ
˭ҲŶ뿪Ҫڱ¡
ô˻ɫ滹ô
޴ĺɫϿգ³ĺɫ֮һƬҽ
ףˣӽһ˪ı¡
³ɫ漴յĵʱعͷ³ɫı亮ǺڽӴɫ֮ʣڰлɫˮڵϡ
ΪһѰ˪С̣û뵽Ǹ壬ãʱ㲹һԪ
ףҪѽ
ӱ£ڣϽܣ
ܣߣ
ĺܵʱ䣬ΪǿĺɫϮ֮ʣĶܸоϢǰ
飬ǰˣΪСС۷סô
һǿޱȣ˲䳭ץ޽ķһȫ֮ء

1097 ˾˷ǧ

1097 ˾˷ǧ
ò˵ʮǿڵĽĺ˪Ķ֣һҲѿ
ڣڹؼʱһ˵ĳ־˽ġ
ֻСһ˾ź죬ڰС
ڰУҡҰڡ
飬ӿвףԲģͱˡ
˵Ļ˵üΪԵƺ治һͨͨħһ
תͷžԼˣڡ
Ǹʲôȸлľ֮Ұҷ
ڵĽûշУ˾ڰУϵļӸнʮֲˬ
˵ʱ򣬽һ¡
ĵĻͷűԼµ֮ʱҲһ¡
ʴǲǽзǧԣ
ͷʲôϵ
㿴ҿ㣬˴ֻжԷ
ףҵǽİݣǽīԽˮ򡣡
ǽŮСô
˽ĵ˲Ǳˣ뿪õķǧԡ
ɫѾɳΪصˣΪ̤֮磬ǿϢ
ǧŽڵϣ¿
һ۵ʱ򣬷·𿴵˷ĵӰӣһ˫Ǻͽ˼
ԼǷзǧԵʱ
˾ˡ˾ˣǽģģҿɼ˾˾ˣ
ĳǰһӱס˷ǧԣ˶˷ǧԵϡ
˾ˣ˾ҵˣ
ĵ޷ݡ
ÿһᵽ˾˵ʱ򣬳˼ǵǡ
˵֮Ҳûм˾ˡ
ģֶŮ
ǧԽıڻУظŽĵԴоǴȰɫ
ж
֪ǧԾ֪ʽ֣ϡ
ǧԲ֪ɺ֮£ĻѰԼ
Ϊ˽飬û뵽û뵽
ġ
˾ˡ
ĸ˵ĺ˫ۣ˵ǵһμ˾ˣǹ֮ܰȴŨҡ
˾ڣޡ
ǧЦţŽ۽ǵˮ
Сôˣô
׺͵ã׿˾ˣÿ˾ʱ򶼻㡣
ССʱ׾˾ȥʲôطЦš
֪Ȼ˵ȴޱȵ
ǰһʱ䣬׺͵ѰʮѾ뿪ˡ
֪˾˳һô뿪
𣡡
ڷǧԺͽ˵ŹڷʱһɫȻӿֶ
ǰĻȫſΪһΣա
ǧԴһӣһǽ赲ɫĻ档
飬Ȼ˺ӵŮ
˾ˣүİ·ˣ
ĽŭڵĿ
ܸо˾Ѿ̤֮磬ޱȵǿ
ߣѾģ
пɽˣë
ֱָ̧ϵ·ɫսˡ
Ϊνָûбںɫգһ㽪Ļûףⶫʱʱá
ģ˾һ棡
ǧϢ󿪣һ޷ݵǿ̤֮
֮Уǧ˫գ˫ָָ죬¡һһҵ쳹֮ʱ׵ۼɵľ޽£ֱĻϡ
׵ۼΧǵľ޽ʮǿ󣬼ϵۺڼס
𣬷ǧԣ㾹Ȼ˱ʵۺڼףҪɱ㣡
ɱңҲҪû¡
ǧЦţһգ޴İɫȦ
Ҫ㴦ΪһϹħ䣬˺ӵŮԼ·һ
޹أҲ޹أ˺ľͲС
ɫȦǶԸеһɫĹȦκε壬ὫӡС
ȻҪĵҲǼӴģûһΪ޷Ԧַ
ǡⶫʧ꣬ôַ󣡡
ӻĻأɣ
ǧýͣǾ仰Ȼ˺ģ׼
ɫȦһһ£ھ޴İɫȦ֮У޷ƶ֣ȫֱ綨һ
ħ񣡡
ꡭ
ꡭ
ɫĻӿһŻֹŰɫȦСһŭħ

1098 ټڤҹ

1098 ټڤҹ
ȫסһֻ̣ɫȦϳѺۣأѺ۱鲼
ֱһѵ֮ͬˤһ֧飬ʧһƬڰ֮С
ħ񣬱ڵȵˡ
Ѫɫ⿴ڰеĳһҲܵںڰǿǰǿ
ڰУһϮ³ޱȿһ˵УÿһºɫţڰĿռбµʥࡣ
Ѿжòˡ
˵ƺʣҲżֲ
Сģ˲򵥣
ǧʾչ˺ýģһеڡ
ȫȫеʱһϤҲڽǰ
ħ񣬱ˣֻҪֽȺˣʿ¡
ˣĽУΪָԪһ
ߣȻڱ󵷵Ĺ
ǧԲڱʵϾԵϹħ񣬼ǰϹħ񲢷Ǳʵ壬ֻһ
вףԪֻҪ㲻£Բɱ㡣
ʵǷ״̬޹أǸ˼˰֣ҲҪͬھ
һ˲䣬ǿײһ֮ս˸޴Ӳ֡
ɴʱֻһɫӰ߳һǰϵһשͷ㳯ŰиֵĺɫӰ˹ȥ
үģ
еתͷֱĳڤҹ˹ȥתͷڤҹʱڤҹֵ֮ʣͷŵѹɢשͷϡ
ģô
ڤҹջеħӰз£ʮֲĿŽġ
ΪûвĵϢĻӦ֪Ŷԡ
ʵڤҹ֮ûиоĵĴڣΪϴŵĽָеϢ
ģô
ڤҹģǧһǰڽǰħκ˺
˺󡣡
ÿ
ǧŭڤҹ˺ڤҹ˫ۺŷŷǧÿеĻҩϢһδﵽ˶㣬ֻҪһǣˡ
˾û¶˺ҵġ
ĳ˳ǧԵ½ǣʾǰϹħ񲻻˺
ŮϹħʶ
ţ
˵һͣߣܲ˵Ϲħȵİɣ
ǷҶİɾ˾ˡ
ǰǧԽĶڤҹһһϹħκεĲ׾ٶƴҲҪʮ˲
ģ
֮䣬ڤҹΨнһˣһâںҹУָеķ
û뵽ġ
ڤҹ֣޳ָĶǰɢҵĳ˳˶
ôˣһЩ
һ仰һֶ͸˼ᣬ˭Ҳ֪ǰһ̻ҪصϹħʱ˿ȴһͨһһİŮ˵ˡ
ȻҲôϹħʶң֮ľٶƺʶһ
һڤҹСϡ
һǲǣأһΪء
һǽĶڤҹߵá
һץסڤҹֱֱۣ˸ˤ
ڤҹûκηķ˦ڵϣϵЦȴᡣ
ΪղСѾͷĹġ
ЦʲôЦװӵôô
ȭһӿϣֱймѹŭŸģȻҲ֪ԼΪʲôڤҹ
úúãЦҴ˻ô
ڤҹԼĴ󣬵ںδû⡣
һ֪Եɵһ֪ԵɵĵǸദģʽǢ
˺˲ˣ˵ˣֻǷ򣬵ȼ˱֮㷢йŭ𡣡
үģ˭Ҫ㣬㳤
ı죬µİһڤҹ
ģôˣ˭˵ģ
ڤҹſĵ·ƲϵҲˣԼ·˽ĵϡ
Ǹһ绹ã˵ƭСǩԼ
ǡ
㻹īƭСħ
ǡ
ڤҹͷţû˿
ڤҹôĳһУȭͷһȭǴ
ѾģСīѾˣôƭɱС꣬һ·ˣѾĲ·ҪɱҺҴӡ
ӣ
֣ڤҹü΢΢

1099 ǵĶ

1099 ǵĶ
ڤҹȻ֪ĿеĶӲģֻӴӺζ
ӡ
Ľ졣
޴ηڰУ˪ɫͫ׶ڤҹɢŵħоȻһ˿˿־֮⡣
ʱûоڿ˵һ۵ʱȴ˺£
ÿµˣ
ס
ڤҹҶӡ
ڤҹĿ˪ϣ˫ż
˪Ѫʸ񵱱Ķӣе
ҶӣƨĹϵ
һڤҹֻһûе
ڤҹĿעţſˮ˿ֿ˿ڤҹ
ǵļ񡣡
ڤҹһӣһöƽԪǰ굤
굤
ǣǻƽʵ굤е͸㣡
һöɫ굤ڤҹָڰУԥһ£͵ҧס˻ƽ굤Ľڤҹһ󣬱˽ָС
ӣѾôôûΪһ굤洦ϵˣ
ףǻƽʵ굤͸ҵȻҪˡ
ָУصڽĶߣֽеıô˳ڡ
ħʲôɱȺˣ
ҪǷǧ˲ǰһĻгĻô¶ҲǲһĻΪΣôŷ򸾺гϵܰϷ롣
Ҫô
յڤҹһ˿ŭֶ
ģԵƬ̣
תһ˲䣬ڤҹеɢʣµΨޱ޾ĺ⣬⺮ϡ
ħҪʲô
ҪΪΪۡ
ۣ
ʲôۣ
ʲôΪ
⣬ŵϢȴĸһʵ£ϹħҪɱ
˵ǺϹħһôô¶
һ
һǿħɢڤҹڷָ֮㽫ݻ٣ʳԵΪΣ㻯˺ɫĻҽʧ֮䣬ֻһźɫ굤
ôˣʣ
ڤҹ굤صĵߣ굤˽ġ
ģö굤ʮǿ󣬴ǵĶ˻ƽ굤֮ö굤
ʲôǵĶӣҺϤôΪҾͻᵱɶ¶ҲûСɢľԴֶħ
˵ʱ򣬽ĵ࣬Ҳ
ڤҹСԼĨȥòãСֻء
ã˵ʲôá
ڤҹĿŽģ˵顣
޳ָתţһɫ˿߶ѣǩԼ
ġ
ڤҹ֣ظŽĵգе˶Ů˵ľ
ЩֻҪһۣꡣ
Դ뿪֮ʱ޿̲˼ǰŮ
ʱڤҹ彥ر͸Žĵ˫ҲͶ
ôˣ
ްĵ̫ɢѣ֮һѰ㡣
ڤҹӰɢڽǰʱǴǵصڶϵĻýĺա
˽֮⣬û֪ڤҹʧʱ˵ʲô
һУôˡ
ƽѡ
ϿյƽɢƿƲ㣬ҫÿһ˵ϡ
ȻʧĴǻĴӴ
ǧԣάү˽ȫץǧ½ķӡ֮㳹׵׵Ľ顣
ڵ͵İ𣬽ǰߡ
һƬ֮УĽһƬɫĹâ˰
һ˿꣬һ꣬ΪѰܾĥѣһֵ꣬ȥѰꡣ
ĵĻ𻺻̧ͷն˫۽Ļָһ˿
֮ǰҲΪ˱ֻתΪһţֻҪֻ̤꣬أǱ޳
ô
ӽ˫һ˿̵꣬ˮھ˵̡
ˣ˵˼ʱŻ޳԰ǳصĴ
ڰеһ˿֣֪һ𣬰ˮҲ͸ϲá
ģռе꣬ȥʮƴ׷ģ׻Գֻ̤꣬ء
Цţһŵҩ˰С
ֻǣռƵǸḶ́Ҳһ꣬Ҳ꣬Ҳá

1100 ֺȴ

1100 ֺȴ
ʱ䣬ġ
˭Ҳ֪Ʈɢĺδڶ֮ڣسϵÿһ䡣
Ҳ֪ʮ꣬꣬ǧꡣ
ţһֱѰȥֱҵ꣬ĵϡ
ŰӰʧУҡҡͷֹľٶ
ʦȥɣʦҲ㵽Ľѡ
ֻأһֵ˰ѰӦѰƶڰһ˵ƶ
һ磬ش
һƬɫڽĵǰǷкƼ
ٳ׵Ļսᡣ
ۡľžƱˡ
ʦ˾ˣүӣֶӣⱭҸˣ
ͷĽһ
̫ٺЩ
Уң
ĺǲЦţܣ
ǳǧ
ƹѲ֮󣬺ȴ˵ĽıŷǧԿ޸ͣ
˾ˣ˾ˣ
ڣ˾أ
ǧΣŽĵĺ󱳣Žĵ
˾ˣɶʱؼҰһֱ㣬ÿһյʱǿ⣬ȥ
Ⱦ˾æеȥ֮Ҳ뿪ˣòã
ǧôصߣ뿪ȥ޼ɽ֮󣬱ʦĴУھһһ˽յΪͬʦ֮ǰһܵ
ֻ֮ܳ׵׵ķһУصߣȻֻܸɾ޴š
ãһΪ
ֺͷǧŹ
ã
ö
ȶ˵Ľԣ۵һ
ʦʦҵ˾ˣ
ǰһ̻޵ĽһЦ
ʦҾ˾ǲǳ˧
ģٺˣ
ӽ߾ƱſϵŮת˲˯˹ȥ

εĵ̾һ˹ȥĽĻص˷УҴ˱Ӻغ뿪˷䡣
ʱлչˡ
ǧԵлȻĸոϲãܿóúܺãĵʦĵĴ
ˣϷͽܣϷ򼴱ǺľҲȻҪͽܵİΣ
ǽģ³̣ԣκˡ
Щ˶Ҫþȥػĺӣ׼˺ЩӣǾ仰ƴ
ǰǧԱɣҲעЩϵʽ
֪ϷΪϹħ顣
ǧԵͷ˵ĵĶͬһ顣
֪ôϹħʶô
ۿһУǧԸϹħȻԼŮ硣
ңһڿİŮ֮ʱ顣
Ϸûв´ĻӦľϹħ񡣡
²ֿԡ
ʱϹħƷӡʱʮԽסϹħ񣬵֪ԭ飬ҲǸʱϹħ񣬲ҽҰɽ
˵ŽĺϹħʶɣǧǰ˫ĿⵣǵĿŷ䡣
ǱϾϹħ񣡡
Ϊ˾ˣȻǵһγڽǰ
Ƕ˵ѪǧȻŮİΣ
ԵĲǱˣϹħһʮǿֲڵҲһܵеùϹħ񣬳ѰҵʦҪҵĶ
һк£
²⵽ǧԳһԭںԭ㲻ö֪ӦϹħϵ
ǸҲܸ㣬ֻеҵʦҵǸ󣬿дһУҷܻش⣬˵ҽǸҲ磿
ǧڷĺͽİݵ顣
ʵϣµ񣬷ǧԻǲϲİݡ
Ϊİݵĳ֣ҲܾôĿ
˽һеᣬɽİݶԽɵʹԶ޷Ĩȥġ
ôλҲû̫ϸ˵λѰʮҲͬ˽һԤԵ顣
˵ԤǰεĻ棬ʮȷĸ߷ǧԣԤеŮǽġ
ֻĲֹϹħ磬˲֪Ԥ°ʲôΨǰ٤ɽѰҾ񷽲֪
٤ɽĪ⣬ǧδ˵֮У٤ɽҪǰ㽫Զ޷Ѱҵ٤ɽڡ
ԺͽˣطĽƣҲ̫ͣõʱ䡣
ǧԼ籣ģκԼҪȥغ˹غʦغ˵ԤԣҲغˡ

1101 ˾ˣһŬģ

1101 ˾ˣһŬģ
һǹؽƵĽ̡
ÿһ綼ÿһķ֮䲻໥Ԥ
ƣ˵ĽǺ⣿
Ϊ۷ʿ۷֮ϻŸߵľ磬ΪӴ硣
ǧԸΪơ
ΪһѰӦòκ飬һ֮ܳһΪɱ⣬Ϊɱϵ
ǧԽŹڽƵ֡
Ǹ磬Ҳ֡
ΪƵĴڣֹ˸Ϊ֮˶Ļ
ͲΪҷ֣ܳĻᱻƷɣˣ𡣡
ô˵ΪĽڱǿ𡣡
Ļ÷ǧԵ˵ͷҲô⡣
ңһǵΪ̤֮֮ҲԲκ顣
ǧԾбҪЩиһ񾳺󣬳ҵʵɱܿؽֹᷢĺ
ľͽˣСѾͷҽʱֱһһ
Žģͺ񿴵ʱĽ㡣
Ϊ˱Լе顣
ţ
ҵʦίеĶЩĵȫһлصˮ򣬹һֱƽ
ա
ƵĽ˯˴ѹ
ȴ˵ĺֻһڴϵĽ˫ֱԴ۵ֱײǽ
˰ɡ
ֵܣ´νʱܲš
̧ͷŶ߽Ѿ˵˲¼ٴˣΪʲôء
ѾһʱţҲ
һ۽ģеѾǿе˽С
ȥܸ˾뿪Ĵ󴬡
ô˵
һѾҲԴ۵ըѣ·Ьӳۿȥ
˾ˣ
ǧϴ֮ʱץס˷ǧԵ䣬ۿһӺ
˾ˣܲ漸ߡ
Сһקŷǧԣոպ;˾ϣô̵ʱ䣬þ˾뿪˵׼׻û뿪磬֪˾˵Ϣ֮Ҳ˵׼
ġ
ǧ֣ŽĵͷǴȰĺͲᡣ
˾Ҫȥ鲻ϵҲϵףʶˡ
Һ;˾һȥ
ľǲ֣еˮ
ԣ˾ҪȥһΣյĵطҲշУӦ˾Ŭϰ̤֮֮֮Ҿ˾ˡ
ǧǲýĸԼǰôΣյĵط
˵һҲûʮİڽ֮ҵʦµңǶ֮ʲôطҲ˵֪
ο֮ˮǿķãδ֮߸ܲסˮ˺
ԹԵģúõУ˾˴Ӧ㣬̤񾳺󣬾˾˻֮Ķɿڵ㡣
˾ˣ
ģôȻԼɡ
̾һĲ뿪ǧԣΪ˾˵ķǧôķֱ
ԼҪȥ飬οֱ㣬һټġ
˾˷ģһŬУṼ˾˵
̵ķſ֣ŬñᣬĿŷǧԵȥ
ŽʧеӰ֪˾ǲվǸ֮ĵطһΣ֮ʡ
ӱŬУ̤֮һ죬ǰ֮Ҿ˾ˣž˾˻صˮ
ԽԽ󡣡
֪ʱڽϵ·˽ĵͷϣ·еĽһξ̡
Žĵĺ󱳣
δģ߸ӶǼǿгĻ˰վģȺӻеıԡ
ΪӵʦúľҲǲѡ񣬸·ϵı޿Ρ
ǧ뿪ˣǰ֮
Ҳ뿪ˣûκ֪ȥʲôطȴ֪ȥĿĵضƶ֮ء
ˡ
ۿУĳϴʱ򣬽һҩάүӵС
үӣ۷弶Ĵȶɽٵʱҩɱƽ١
СѾͷϷû㣬㡣
άүӽһöɫ굤˳ָе쵱ɫ굤ڤһС
үӣһ굤ģ
õģǲȥӳôϷƼ˳˹

1102 ٤ɽͼ

1102 ٤ɽͼ
굤ǸöΪ
ǣάүȴڤһ굤˽ģⲻǶԽĵĸлǶϲ
ʵɣСѾͷΪ޼ҵϱɿûˡ
һɵӲıԼС
ϹħھǱСѾͷע⣬ʣ¼ҺϹħŮ˵ˣָ
İӵɴֶˣû濼ǡ
ߣ굤ղˣ͸СѾͷˡ
̫лˣүӣ
ģʲôάˣΪʦ㣬һҩʩ
ոתάʲôŭˡ
һô˵үҲˬˡ
զү˵ƨ¶ϻôô࣬ǸлСѾͷѣкβԡ
ߣ˭֪㰲ʲôģڵˣҪڡ
仰үֳýĶӶۡ
ʱߵߣ¿
㣬Ǳл񣬻شڿ
ʲôصġ
ӹһЩһͷ
˵شڿû³
ųأȫҶ󡣡
һȴЦ
ȴǰƢԺӵĸĸġ
ʱ䣬ǻܸоõЩ˿񼫵ħȫȻͬ
ֻڸߴеʱɼѡ
㣬ǻˡ
Ĵӽָóһʯͷʯͷǲڽָ֮УһռħʯȻӽ˽ָ顣
ã͵л͸
ҵҲħ޳Ҳħޣʵ޻ħ޶һķţֻҪö˵ط֮аħ
Ĵӹκħ֮ˣΪҲʱħޣ˵еķǧαؾһֻ֣Ҫ߶·ɡ
ģˣ
ˣʦ
Ļָүӣǣת˴ʧ˵С
վڸۿڵ˿ŽȥӰϵɫһ
İɣǲСùû
ǿһһ仰תȥ
үļ򣬿е飬ô᲻һ˶Ů˶ĵ
ȥɣҪһˣҪԼǿֻ̤֮ǵһѡ
ħʯŽʧķǼᶨʲôһ㡣
أһĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦүӻֱ
ˣ㻹ǱЦˣѿҪ
һߣѾ뿪Ľڴ󴬵ļװϲӸİ
涼ϲԵʳһ̳ǡ
ۣ˵ѾôС˲ⶫܸõ
Ĳ֪ôҹ¹ۡȫ˵ΪҪЮǵġ

Ĳ𿪰һ֮ʱһöӰװĲǱĶ굤
ƶ굤ΪͶϵ׸굤Ϊֱ͸˽ġ
ģǼһǲǶзǷ֮룿
ҾҲҵСùã
ĲţΪɣҪȻ굤ôصĶô͵ء

ͽܵĻشŻ׵üͷ
Ϊ˶оĳʱһ֮СѾͷȴΪֻСùá
ûܰĵ̶̺ܸߣΪʲôͲͼء
ѲΪϹħ
뷨Ȼĳһ
ܣҲԲУ
ϹħΣյĴڣǾԲԼͽܺκιϸġ
ʦʲô
Ĵ򿪺֮ں滹һݵͼ
ͼһƬɽ֣֮У֡
٤٤ʲôɽʦҿ塣
ͼϵĵڶѾģˣֻܿһֺ͵֣٤ʲôɽ
٤ɽ
׼ȷŵͼϵ֣˫۵Բ˿Žеĵͼ
٤ɽ֪ԤԺεݣôںķ˴޷Ѱҵ٤ɽ
٤ɽĵͼͳǰβ
٤ɽʲôط
ĸоּ飬Ҳһе٤ɽͼѲǲرͼ
ʦʦ

Żعڽĵϣʵ⣬ŸλشͽܵĻ

1103 ʶ

1103  ʶ
٤ɽһȽصĵطںķ˰ʱ䶼ҵ٤ɽڵĵַ
Ҳ뵽ķ˰޷ҵ٤ɽ٤ɽĵַǰ
ôһ˵άүӵĻ
ҵ٤ɽôôүӺ˵ȥ٤ɽ
ɶǸ϶ȥ٤ɽɱˣȴ綼ġ
ЦţάĻ
ٺ٣ʦôάүǰϤĸоء
ҪȻ˼ҲһʹȻ˵һɵڣһĵһǽܸо֮Ѿʶ˺ü֮á
һֱûʦһʦүִˡ
Ȼ˵Ϊ鱻үӸˣô˵үʵãʦ˵
ô˵أ
̾һĿԶ˵ԼάǰһЩ顣
ںܾúܾǰʱһé®ʿҲֻܵͨӣһеʱ˻δάүӡ
Ϊһ飬ܵӵάүӴһǰ֮á
ֱάүӽ
άүԼô
ݽ˽⣬൱һǱȽȥģñȱڵĵУҲеԼѡ
άүΪӦòǱѰɡ
ţ϶Լϱ޶˾ս֮Уʹϱ͸ոճĺӽפ֮С
˵ǰʱ£ʱѪͺȺһ
ģʦһ仰ҪĻشʦ
Ŀ»ص˽ĵϣ˫վԼǰŮ
ʱΪβ÷ħ󷨡
ʦҲ֪ħϢĵطᱻħ󷨽С
Ŀڼװϣİֳһ۽
Ǻүӣа𣬸ҪС꣡οͽҵΪɲ֧ô޴ķħ󷨡
ҪĻС꣬һħ󷨿Сᱻ׵УʱĻҷ𣬼ǴɽҲûκΰ취ռСꡣ
ߣħȫǶˡ
㰡ŵҲȱ㡣
ŽĵͷмִȰЦ⡣
ʦ㣬Ȼ٤ɽĵͼãҲ˷ѣҪˣ
ָָ굤
һĿǴﵽˣһжջ
˾˾ˣõ˻ƽʵ굤Լ굤ԭе굤Ӧܴӳɳڸһĳɳ
࿴ӳ֮󵽵εǿ
ʦ˹
ʦΪɶҪѰ٤ɽ
ںķѰѰҵĴڣȻǸҪĶ
άүӵĿ٤ɽӦǸɾĴڣΪҪѰ٤ɽ
ŽĵʻҲˣЩվҪСѾͷġ
ģôãӦҲ֪ǸӵԤ԰ɣĸĸһΪѰʮҲΪԤԡ
֪һ㡣
޺ùƽʱ򣬳ƽԪһЩ飬бʲôԤԲԤԼϹħһЩ
ʱһֻű飬ûаѳƽԪ˵Ļϣʦһһεᵽ٤ɽ
֪ԤֻϰΣ°εԤ٤ɽС
˭񣿡
һ¡
СѾͷʶ
ҲʶǼΣ˵Լо񡣡
ɺϰɣϾƵ̫ˣ˭пܽоӦʦ˵Ǹ٤ɽΪʦ˵˵ʲôطľ񡣡
ΪɺϣȻо˱ȱȽǣһйϵСѾͷһ٤ɽйϵ
һȺӢ֮ǳȥ棬ڴϵһ񣬵ڶξǴκʱѩġ
˵Լľ
Ҳ֪ô£ȻֻǺ;棬ǺǼһĸоѲǰ
ˣˣλǰ죡
Ĵǵ£򼱼ææܵĺǰҵĲӡ
ʱһεκɫδѪѪģͬ˵ѪҺһ㡣
Ϊ˾㵵ǣǰĺУһ޴вϵת޴Ĵֻ˲㱻֮У뿪Ҳ޼¡
ߣ
Ŀһ۴ԱߵСʾ⴬ϴ룡

1104 ô

1104  ô
вϵתţԼٶΧһС
Ѫɫ˵ϣ·һĳڽĺǰ
ģСģ
š
ԴʱأѾ̤Ϊ۵ĽҲо֮ǿһֲ˵ǿ
ӣ
ף
һ춯صӽֳָŽĺڰС
ףж
ĸ֮ܵŶⶫǿޱȣҲǡ
ߣ
ţ
ôӶ־ĶȻöԸټ콵߶Զ߶ԶȽϺá
ڽĺ׼ȥʱһס
ʦ֣ȻˣΪμ뿪
Ԫ
ϤصĶУסˡ
ôܣʧõʦܡ
ŵĻعͷɴ֮߳˲ǱˣǳԪ
ʦ֣겻ࡣ
ʦܣ㣿
֮£
һĺԺ֮УİһԣϰڷŵĺóԵģǰĸ˳ιŸʳ
лҳԱˣ
Цţеĳ谮һԺĹذްʣůůġ
׺ʦ֮⣬ٴθоĿ⣬вů
ٳԵ㣬Щġ
ǰٳԵɣԴӰ뿪֮նûôóԵˣҲܸմմ⡣
ԪҪ͵͵Ĵһ˭֪ȴ˷֣һƴ֡
㶼ˣôСһ˲ˣʦּЦˡ
նЩ̬Ĳ԰ףǽһӸڽǰ
ڳǰԺӵʱرϲ㡣
ãл
ԵѾˣ˵Ŀ⣬Ļһȥ
Ԫʦе걻Сʦ壬ǰնҲСʦ尮ŵŮ
ʱ䣬Աʦնʦòûκα仯ʦЩܲġ
ģʲô񣿡
ôоԼͽеһֶԱȵĲ졣
ʱ䶼ķϣûעյıôˣô𿴳Ԫһ˵ӣʱȳԪҪʵöö࣬ڵһء
ʦҪСһ֪ʦһֱʼʦܵĿʣʦܿɣʦһ̬ӵףò̾ʱ飬ͺһɱһ
ⶼ˰꣬ôôҾˣô̳ľԴġ
˵ʵףĶס
ԪСʦÿһ仰ܺնʦ￪ĲѣѿóԪʦնʦʮֵమʱѾ˰֮ã֮Ȼ
һŶˣǱ۾ҲѧһЩ裬ô˵ľګ
ʦ֣Ǻӿɺã
˵նȫȫԼĺչˡ
ԴӰ뿪֮󣬱һֱûϢˣ֪ڿɻá
뿪رʱ򣬳ԪռһңȻеľݣľò
նʦ𡭡û¶Ǵ뿪֮󣬰ȥˣ˵һأСʦء
ĲδдħնʦȻҲûнһ˵ġ
ǾͺãǺʲôãΪԸֱ̫
ôһ˵նġ
նȥϢɣΪдʦֺСһá
ƣ۵״̬Ԫۡ
ãұȥϢһᣬ֮׼
նڳԪĲ뿪˴Žʧеնתͷ
ʦΪʲôҸоնʦϵϢԽԽ
֪նʦΪΪϵô
Ǵ޽ˡ
̾һε˵š
Ȼ֪Ϊԭ򣬵Ԫʱ޶ˡ
޽ΪΣǺܳô
ΪƵĹϵ˺һվᱻɣʦܺն棬ҲؽƵĳͷ
ӷǧԿе֪Ƶ֣ҲΪԭնŻô
ˣΪƣնѾ֧ȥˡ
ʱĳԪڽĺǰ
˵˵ɣǺӵôˡ
ڰߵʱǺһԣףй˰סһ١

1105 ظ

1105 ظ
Ȼ֪ٵʲôԪݡ
ڶ֮׽һ˿Ļʱ򣬱֪ī꣬Ϊڵİ
ĴٵˣȻ˵İ»صǸСꡣ
֮γԪ֪
ձظĴ޶˿Ѳû뵽ʦֺԤеŮ
ȥƶˡ
Ҳȥղ˵ĻѻΪնʦﰲģ񣬳ԪʦӦѾһУҲûбҪ
ƶС꣬СϹħ˽Ѱīһ˿꣬ǡ
˵飬ӿʱԼ嵲סһ
Ȼƽػˡ
룬껹ǧ꣬𶼻ȥǷµծ
īʼ
Ӱƶʼ
һƺѾעˣ˾ϲЦ
д໥׷Ϸ롣
మȴΨһΣǧꡣ
û֪üʱҵƶ꣬Ҳû֪һʱᷢʲô顣
ǰִ񵱳Ѱīִ
⺢ӣ˰ˣһж
Ԫ֮Ҳֻ̾Ϣÿһ˶ÿһ˵ҲãҲãնҲãһжӲ˵
ʦܣնô£Ϊλʱ޶ࣿ
ն飬ҪΪãΪμնʱȴоѾ˴֮ʱ
ΪƵĹϵҲһڰʱǱظ󣬴һССĿռ䣬赲Ƶ˺
뿪ڵʱһΪǿˣҪҼǵ֯Կ߹ߵĴڣҾܾˣҴϣնһΪע뵽ϡ
Ԫ˵뿪֮飬δ˵Ϊʵʲδ죬ôһڱظбƵʩѹһ˵
ն걾ˣټһע뵽ҵ棬ⷽССľɢˡ
նѾûκ֧ȥˡ
Ҳˣ
Ǵ͵˰ʱѾ֪ˣҲˣ׼뿪ظ֮ǰʦֺСһ
ҺնѾֵ˰ʱ䣬ԺҲڵֿȥˣһնȥһɽӣһе÷羰һͣһһ
Ȼ֪ԪҲûбĵˡ
˵һѾ춷˰֪꣬ˣ֪ˡ
ųԪеЦ⣬ŵȻıˣĲ֪Ӧ˵ʲôοԪʦ塣
׺͵ڵĻһа취նʦҲֻǰնʦһʱ䡣
ȵȡ
Сʦ壬Դնʦȥ磬ҷ壬ֻҪѩһ仰һնʦġ
ףСһ˵֮Ǻںβף
ԪҲţҲİ취ǿҲĴţοԼĹǲܽġ
ҵĴţնоȡ
ԣҷ壬Сʦһᣡ
˫米Ѱһᣬڣһ֮ҵһë׵ë
ֻë򣬵Լյʱ򣬰ѩԼԪëɵĻ
Сʦ壬նʦȥ磬˵ҽĵʦ壬ѩ̺ͷȻնʦġ
ĽСë˳ԪС
նоô
Ȼˣѩ̺ͷһа취ģҡ
ءӱ֤Ȼ֪նʦʲôֻҪ磬ͿԲԪɢ
°ɣ˵а취һа취˵ôһݴظûʲôõóֵĶҪȻ˵ȥ˰ɡ
Цķһ۽ʾͽɡ
ӳԪʦн˽⵽ǻү˵ıظԭ·ʱһұظû뵽֮¾Ȼײ˱ظ
ү˵ظвٱȻĻٺ٣
԰ʦ壬ȻǱظ󣬾ҿ۽类
˵𱦲ظ󣬵һ
Ԫƺ뵽ʲôʾ⽪ĺǰظڡ
СԺһƬ磬ԪҲ뱦ظ󣬲ôꡣ
ʦ壬ʲôôصģ
ףף
ʱָ֮е쿪ڽŽġ

1106 ʦͽһİ

1106 ʦͽһİ
ףҸоһǿĶ
֮ǰоһô
ڽ뱦ظ֮ǰ͸о֮еǿ
ҪʲôһΪǿţҪ޷ķӡ
ԣ
Ԫ˱ظķӡһ׮ߵİ˽¥ڽĺǰ
뱦ظʱ򣬽ɽѾʲôϡˣڳԪĴ£ֱظΪĵĵش
˰ɣڼ̨ϡ
Ԫָż̨򣬽ĵĿ⿴ļ̨
̨Χ÷ӡţܸоӷӡбŷǿ
ǣýǱӡеһ
֮ԽΪ̬ʮرˮһڰڣûκε̬
ʱһѽʱһѵʱֱһӡ
Ԫʦ壬ʲô
Ҳ֪ظʱѾˡ
ԪҲҡҡͷʾҲûй̶״ұӡĶΪΣǣȴܸܵɢޱǿϢ
ⶫһͷǳΣգ˰ɣ
Žģż̨ϱŷѹýա
ɴʱ˿̵Ľľħһһһǰ˼̨ǰ
ΪӡĹϵıǿ⡣
ӡڷеĶƺҲ˽ĵĴڣʮ궯ҪƷӡġ
Сģ
ŽĻᱻӡˣǰҪȰ轪ĵʱ򣬱Ԫֹˡ
ʦ֣ظ˵ָˣⶫĺԵ֣βԡ
Ԫ˵һҲջ֣Ŀ⻹ǽڽĵϣһʲôΣգڵһʱ֡
վڼ̨ǰĿ͸ӡϿŵĶ֣̽ԵĽӴӡ
ꡪ
ֵʱ򣬷ӡĵһ㾹ȻƣһεѪ˼̨ϡ
ɹǣѪҺڼ̨ϵһ̣侹ȻĪķ
һһķ仯ɻҽŵĶһ˲䣬ֱ
̧ͷһǿȥץסڽӴǶɲǼ䣬ԺһӸֳһһİĻ档
ƵĻ治ϵڽĵǰ
ѪȵɳֲԨĵԴѰռҵϲŭǳ·ǧ궼֯һ
վԭأ֮ӳǶɢĹâû״ĶҲϵڽĵߡ
еĻ涼ɢ֮һڶϣЩ
ôˡ
㣬˭

ʲô
ϹܹؾһУаħ
Ϊλڴˣ
ˣ뿪ˣ˳˯Ҵϸܵ˵Ϣôˣ
ŽģϹ֮ʱˡ
Ҳǣ԰ҵˡ
㲻ҵô
ŰԹת͸˷ܡ
ãҵˡ
ϵΧڽĵߣȸԾţȻĻֻнĺõ
ףҼкоϢ
굤Ҳܼ̳굤еļ䡣
УϹʱɻأϹħս֮󣬾ʧӰ١
˵ŹϹһЩϢĵ˼صʵ˽ָ֮С
ڽָռڣʾһСһΧߡ
档
ѾĲǴ棬˪
Ǵ档
Ѿģ
һ۾תȥ
ȵҡ
ӣ㣡
һٶôɵԶԶġ
һߣĻصͳԪǰ
ģû¶ɡ
ҿϿ¿ֱȷƽŷ
ǶʧͳԪоõ֧űظǿҲɢⱦظҪˡ
߰ɣظҪˡ
ãʲôȥ˵
ųԪ뿪ظתŽʹɫ
ʦͽദôã׶Էʲô
ĳһûƣһӣ¥ʼһ¥ӽ߹һ·ʲôĵرֻҩͳͳս˽ָ֮С
뿪ظʱһ𣬵ڣеı˽С
Ԫһǰʦͽˣε̾һջ˵ԡ
ʦͽСһǼ̳ʦƷʡ
ǣӵͽܱˣˣɶظˣ

1107 

1107 
뽪Ľָһ˲䣬׼ȷ˵Ǿ˽Ϊ˵һ˲֧ظ˲ɢ
˭Ҳ֪ʱõıظ󣬲ֺ֪˽ıظ󣬾˳ʧ֮䡣
ͽʦͽ˿ɼñظıҲŸԺǺĵĽЩʲôĶʱı
ȵʲôʱˣڿǷ񻹻ȥ
ǣڴ֮ǰǻ᲻ЩƱʲôĶȫˣ˵׼ˡ
ظʧˣԪҲûбҪ
ңؽֹ£ԪҪնǰ磬նһ˿ɢʱ򣬻ֻ̲ء
ڽʧϣԪЯͽʦͽ˵
Ԫʦ壬ǾͷĵȥǣһжҰѩ̻зء
ЦţʾԪʦ岻õģһȥ磬նʦһᰲȫǵġ
ңԪʦĻѩҲųԪʦġ
Ԫ
ǰ֮ٴתҪֱˣЩҲӦ˵ˡ
ʵʦû𱸹㣬෴ʦյʱڹ㣬Ƿ񰲿
ǵʦͳԪʦֵܶ˶۾
Դ뿪֮󣬲֮˶ڴŸָĽ£󶼱ʦ˻ȥҼǵʦÿÿ˵һ仰Ԫһڵĵӣڵĵӡ
˽֪ǵʦΪϸʦȴ֪ҲΪͽܵʦ
ԪΥسʦյʱҲڹųԪ
֪Ҳһֱ֪ҺնһֱڵĻʦʦǼǷɱҵҲᱣǷ޶ǣܲڳΪ˿еĲ֮أҪ뻵ʦ
ǵʦֳԪһΪͽܵĳԪʱʱʦ
վе鶼иԵķչ򣬶ңѾΪʵҲı䣬ģǾܵںǸ˼˺
ʦ֣һǻڵʱȻҪСһЩҵİǰǸ˻֡
Ԫ뿪ڵʱ˺˵ˣǺΪտƥС
ҺµĻҲóԪ񣬿ʲôȥѯҲѰ˵κټ
İɣܻġ
ʾԪģһĻվҪԵġ
߰ɣһȥ֪òһμʱһҪӺȾơ
Ȼ
Ԫն޶˳񣬳ΪҲ͸Ѿȥʦ
Ӵһ𣬱磬ټ棬֪¡
ŽʧеӰ̾һ
ڰƶˣԪն˺ܶ࣬룬ΪնΪ˵ĳԪ˶ţܱ˴˿ԷеĸܶԷů
߰ɡ
š
ϣվڼװϿޱ޼ʵĺƽ棬֪ΪΣĺһɢ
ںϺѾЩʱգվڼװϣĿԶ
ڿʲô
ʦҪҪȥϣ
￪ûᾭǱضܵԼİΣټҲ֣϶
ô͵ô
ԶĺֵĸֳһӰӣѾ뿪̤㶫֮ˡ
ģлڣΪʦȥϺǼһ
ҪҸʦһȥô
Цķֻۡ
ΪʦȥɶΪʦͻϴܰʱǰϻǰΪʦ
ҲǣУȻڣ˳·ȥ³ǣҲܸϵüμڵѡ
н˼ʱʱ䣬ڸۿͣ˸ѽͳ֮Լֱ̤ϻһϡ
һ˵УںֿζĺУĵù
үģܱܲ׷ˣף˰ɣ֪ŽҴ档
챻Ҫⶫ޴ڣ밲ûлᣬܻᱻΧš
ôòá
ѽԼԼһæأҪϿǿ󱣻ס
Ϊʲô
һˮ״Ķûй̶̬Ҳûй̶ɫֻ֪ϹǿĻ
ңÿ˯ʱ͸ˮ״ʣʱͻɺɫĵʱͻ⣬ƵĻžǱɫ
ڵľһɵɫã
һת챻ţҸⶫҲһԼͰ˰ɡ

1108 Ϲ

1108   Ϲ
ǲǿԼ׵ıҲҪ𱣻׵İȫ֪ô
һѵž
ɫȥֺƲǺĻ
Ǵ棬ұͺǿǿԻصϹ
˵ؾܻأǼİУҴ档
һβɨȥһŶӳָ棬ΪϹĻôˡ
棿ҽʲôô磬òãһ𱣻ס
㲻׼ףһ˵ģˡ
ǲϲ˻ǱĶֻһ˵ס
õ磬Ϊ˱ˣҿɲԺһ
ͬ⣬ֱͷŸ˵תߡ
ˣĵһǰ
ţģ
ŽָһԻĶԻһĨεЦ⸡ڴǡ
Ϲӵɱķħһеһִڱظʱ򣬾ͺϤĸо
ʱ䣬ת˲š
ĵĺ̹ȥСº󣬽̤߹ϡ
СӣˣѾ׼ˣ룡
еغ˸ۿڣһĵĴ󴬿Ӧæǰ
үôˣ
СӵĻСͻ߹ǣүѾƽˡ
Ե˵뿪߹½ʱ䷢顣
үҲС͵߹Լҩĵ֮»࣬Ѿָ߰˰ˡ
е֪ڱĩ߸뿪ȥУӽ뿪߹½ʼǾһֱڸĸۿڳ
Сĸۿڵ¼ѾüӱдүС
ʳѾ׼ˣСŰɡ
ôҺͻʵһ
ʾɣôнֲʲô׹ݣò˵ϸܵ
ˣȻһֱ֪ǼѵϢ
СӵĻλӵϢǲ֪ȴʮ֮ĺ塣

ںô
ǣܵħĹҲǸոй̤δգȥ˺ɱħ
ڳŷĽ˵ĻеĿͣ˰С
ħ
ԣСӿ֪ܲүȻΪԭ򣬵ҲħķкܴĹϵ
ϸϸ˵Žĵ뿪֮һصʵͻȻ߹½ϳ֡
Щ˵ϽһϮ£û֪ǴӺδҲû֪ǵǺźɡ
ңЩ֮в࣬ħ壬Ƕһͬԣǿ쳣ǿ󣬼Ǻµı䣬Ҳ۷޴ʦĴڡ
ȥظү˵ﰲãȥȵһȥݼү
ڵ֪Ϣ֮󣬽ûθڣ±˫米뿪˿ջ
ô죿
㿴ҿ㣬˭ҲŽģ
ô죬ȥ֪ͨү
ǣ
ѾʧڵƽУһ·ŴӰպڵλãΪħĳ֣Ļֵ̻̣ʱеĿ־֮ΪŨ
СӰǧȥ壬֣˵֣
ǣҿۿְ˸ˣǻôѪˡ
ĵİȰ˵Žıȥôװ׾Ҫ˵Ļֿϧġ
ĵл֮󣬱ֱڵķɱȥ
һƬڣ֮ǰڵʮ֮ĺ塣
Ȼһ壬ȴȳĹģҪһЩ
ֻʱĺѾȥ¥գֻҰèҰܹ
˽֮⣬ܲκ˵Ϣ
ף֣СһЩ
ˣһֺرϢ
;ŽҪСĺ֣Ī⡣
ڵջƽʵ굤ԣһ˲ɢһΪΪһѰ
㰲ĵУоͷߣ
֪ף
ɫ֪ʱȻ
¹壬Ҳҹ֮иӵŨҿ
Ȼ䣬һӰѸٵĴӵ´ܳԾ˵ٶȿʼֻڼϢ˲䣬ǹѾɳ˾ôߴ
ȫһƬһ˫ͮͮ۾ΧһУ޴û֫ÿǰһڰǰƶ֮ʱΧһеĶɽ룬Ҳ֮һ

1109 ټ

1109 ټ
ʲô
ˣ֪ϹŵһСʲôţ
˰Ҳ벻ǵֱɫ
ˣСޣһڻ֮УɵеĶĻûġ
Ź޵Ϣ
Ϲŵʱ͵ȵҲΪѲһΪֻرĻܽٻ٣ԣǶԸ޵Ψһֶξһ
ôԸ⣿
ûһĻһֽ߾Ķſԡ
Ҳ֪û߾֮ҪԸ޵Ļֻ취Ч
ۿ֮һ븹УҲ֮ĸӴ
ôȥ嶼ᱻ
Сҵˣصͦ
һ͸żϷ֮⣬Ȼ䣬һӸ߿ս䣬ǻڰγһ򣬻ֱӴ͸޵壬γһ˶Ŀ
վԶĽҲЩˡ
Żɢľ޴ͬѰĻе֮У̧ͷѰϵĿȥ³һ
ѾģǲҲŸġ
ճһ󶴵ĲǱˣ
ĵʱһ£ҲѰŴ󶴿˽ġ
ģ㣿
һ˭ѾģȻҪıƺ
Цţֱƹ޼˽ߡ
δһμ˴֮ʱǶѾǵƳ֮ˡ
ģôں壬ǡ
ʲôҲ˵ˣһӵ⡣
һǰıס˽ģԼеļ
ӵ޹Ů֮飬ֻΪ顣
ʲôСӣôòΪĿǱ̬
Ѿñ̬ˣֱǵõľˡ
ΪѾͻ۷壬ֻ޲̤߾
Żһ̣ѽģ߾еĵأ
ôò㶼ȥ
ƽµĳǰʵʵĴڶǻ룬еĵǳ׵׵
Ұȥ˶֮˺ö飬أ̤۵ľ磬õϹ߾𣬾ô
ˡǸʲôˣ
òѽģڲʱСȻۣɴҲǼ鷳飬ٴ߶޵С
һ룬̤֮˶ӳ
޼Ϊ࣬ɫ˫۸ǴŹâֻҪԵˣͻࡣ
𡭡
ͻȻ䣬һɤӺ˳£Ӱϵشӵ·ӿ
һĸ嵽޸ռˡ
ȴȺħ֮á
á
޿־߾ٿ߾մ
ٿžӴ޵ʱ˲ɢ
ǾٿؾҪȲٿطķѵǿ̫ࡣ
һʱʱȫĸɸɾ
ΪʹĻ˿԰ĵȥʱںĸǽ֮ϣһӰڳǽϻε˫ȡ
Ǻǣ˼࣬ΪλɵϹޡ
ŮƮɢţ˫ڵĲѪĴųһĨѪЦݡ
Ůɢħ뽪ܵħһ
˭
ңҾһͶѣ֪˭յ͸Ǻڡ
£Ů˲ʧҹɫ֮Уκκۼ
׷ˣ׷ϵģ
ֹҡҡͷ
Ȼ֪Ůݣ߲ƣЩһŮйأ˵ڡ
ǽˣѾΪ˻Ĵ䣬޵֮Ժ󲻻˾סˡ
뺣岻ԶĿջջҲʧӰ١
˼򵥵Сˣ˻δʱŵ˵
ϰڷŵСˣſӼŲһһڵĳȥ
ûζ
ԣء
ΪĩϯͳԹķˣ뿪ʱ棬ȻⲻϣԽˣԽ򵥵ļСˣʰζвеܰ
óԣóԣ
ԣҪʢô
ҪİֱӸϷͰ
㰡ȵˮ˳һ˳ǲҭˣ

1110 ؼҳ¶

1110 ؼҳ¶
жûгԵ÷ˣа֮ˡ
һӵľС˱˸ɸɾҪŵĻĺ޲ðϵնˡ
㷹һ裬һߺȲһʱ䷢顣
ö
Ե̫࣬Ĵ˸ö
ʱȥôѧϹŵ񷨣߾𣿡
ɱΨһĶ߾𣬵Ǿ˵Ѿʧˣѧϰ߾ҲѾʧ֮䡣
޵һ߾𣬶Ѿ˵ⲻýʵĺ棬ʱ棬ʲôľ
ģǽĵĹĺ͵ǡ
߸˷ֱǰͬķȥУе·;Ȼһ˳
˵ҲһԵ
ǳһڱӰ÷ڽĵߣ˵뿪֮顣
ڱĩ߸̤ó֮ԼķǱߡ
ǰ²ûʲôѴҲûʲôΣյ鷢ֱһ˳ǰ
ˣ
ԣҼǵ֯
ֱ֣һİ̺ۣޱȡ
˵ǿ󣬼ѹĴڣܾ˵Ļ֮ʣ˱һг֣һб֮
룬ջǱ˴ɽ£Ҳǲеңɽ֮һԨѨ֮ڡ
µʱ䣬ڰյʮʱ棬ı;
ǣÿǰʱ򣬱ĩÿһ˵ӰӶǰԼؼˡ
ʮ棬ʯϵˮʮ졣
ڵʮʱһȻߣҲһֲͬѰĴţȫѵľȻ𽥻ָ
˵壬ѰָһĳŶѨĵطȥ
һƬڰĶѨģһǳǰںǵԱһ飬߾񷨡
ںڰѨ֮в֪ʱգ߾񷨣±һػڹлǾߺǺ󣬽Ǵ˳±ϡ
ǰҲոմ˺塣
˵ԼپǶӣиֵȴһĨЦݣеʹ඼۵ס
Ϊ˸õĶԼҲΪˣŻɽ߾񷨡
Ž۵׵ĵԼ⣬ǲһӷǰ
˺ˣ˵ҵȻŹ˵˵㣬ʱȥʲô飿
ýΪԼǣ֪ԼǱĩκһˣǱ˴˶һ
ԾǳģĿҲȷ˵׼Ҳ˶֡
㻹Цó뿪Ժ˵Ϣȥ
ڲʱ򡣡
ҡҡͷ
˵ǿʱ۷Ҳһº޻֪֮˵֮ϣҲ֮ϡ
侲ķź˵ϢϹ֮ʣҲ׷˵顣
ͻȻֵһʮأ׷鲻κԴͷǣ˵ʵӹɵĿֲ
ҾЩһʲôĿģܵĻðѱĩ룬Է⡣
ãȥ
һ˲öԸĺ룬ǱĩļǷҲ˺ˣУҪ˲ǡ
ȻأҲһʱ˵˵ʱȥʲô顣
Ұһӱ
ԱѾ۵Ϊ̤ԭء
뿪֮ȥ˶֮ǧ齨ɵĹȡ
˵Լڶ֮飬һһͬܣĴ١
أƶͰĽˣ
Ϊ˰İȫԼĻ棬ɢЩħѹ
ƶͰˣЩ
ѵ˵మˣԷһһҲ޷ؽֹĽô
ƶɢ֮󣬰뿪ˣţһ껹꣬𶼻ִҵƶꡣ
ϣˣϣƶֻ֮תΪˣҲڷַֺϺʱˡ
ʱʲô׺ҵǿǾʱ䣬ƣ
ĽһӳԽ
ûˡ
һһ׼ˡ
һõӷڽУ꽪ԵĹˣ׼ڳˡ
˺ˣһˣʰһ°ɣһȥڴ֮ǰҪȥһˣҪȥпү
ãҲҪؼһˡ
˵ʼһ٣Ȳ˵Щ˵ĿǲǱĩ࣬һָоؼһ顣
գĺװѾ˾ס쳣Ϊ޵Ĺϵ㱻ˣϷһƬš
أ˵ӰʧԶʱǰ˫źڲŮͻȻڰУ㷢ƮɢţסĿ׼ȷĲ׽Žʧķ
˯ǧ꣬û뵽ĵһ˾Ȼ㡣
˿ӱޣγ֮ڸϵŹر֮ǰǶǡ
ƥɿĳؼҷɱȥд˵ǡ
ڻδ඼ʱ˱㿴һŨҵĺ඼ϷҰžؼڵķ
¹ⱻڵؼǰ˲վڼǰδĶ˸оһǿʮֲ
Сģ
Ҳǡ
ΪʮؼȴһƬͽĵҲҲؼ˵ĴڣؼûһˣкĶﶼڡ
ô£
ͽĲʱ򣬽ָеľȻ˽ǰһ룬ʲôӺڰг֣ݺݵײھϡ
ϹӵǿǶײ˾ʱ򣬺Ʊʲô˺һ㣬ҵĽ
ˣϹ棬ȥԼΣ֪͵Ϯ
ϹޣϹŵĶʲôʱôֵǮˣ
ϹޣһϹ棬ⶼʲô⣬ǴûҲû
Сģ
˫ֽӡ߾Х˲䣬׼͵Ϯ˵汻һҽʧںڰС
УϲǰɣǾͱˣȻҾа취Ըǣ
Ȼаħ֮У˫ֽ䣬ؼҶ˷ħ֮С
ټķħؼϿ֮ʣ׵һ»ϣʮҽ˷Ļصڶ˵Ķߡ

1111 ħ

1111 ħ
ޣħרŶԸֶ
ڷħǿ֮£ؼҵޱעһɱ
ˣЩһڰпƣСһЩ
ţ֪ڰлΣգС
ĺ˱űؼķ汻֮ؼϷƻûȥ
ʲôʱģ
ʱڰһӰ˳˲Ǳˣؼҳ
磿
ųֵĿмֲ⡣
磬ؼôˣʹأ
ǰؼҵ˶ȥ
ε̾һɫ˫иֳһĨ֮⡣
ʹǶץˣǰգһȺ˳ؼңǿдߡ
ΪΣ֪ԷǺˣΪҪץסǣ
ԽԽۿѾߵǰ
֣޳ָҪ˭֪һѷĵди֣עһ̣бֱĴ
ֵٶ̫죬޷ĲȻεԼĵܵܣҪǰֹҲһۿǴ˶ذ׾Ҫࡣ
ؼ֮ʱֻһ˿㷢ĵкȻͣһеذ׵˵ϡ
ߣߣҿҪƲסħˣߣжԶ߶Զ
˫ͷһ˫ɫƺžҵʹ˻֮ߴϽ뿪ؼңжԶ߶Զ
ߣҪƲסĶħ߰
ֱͦͦĵڵϣ˫ֱԼʲôһ㡣
ת˲䣬ֱֱվел鲼ۣһĨаЦݹϡ
˭
Ǻǣû뵽ȻСӸʱӦȫȫɵǡ
üĮѪ˫΢е쳣ĺ䡣
ͽĶףѾؼҴӣ屻ħռţǴʱ˿Եıħ
ؼҵСӣӦüңû뵽ô󣬰ɽ¶
ǡյĺˣ
ڵʱ˵һģһһӣ߾кХһѳֱֱħ˵
ֳأؼء
Ϻǣ㲻Ѳѧ߾񷨣Ȥ治ö飬鷳鷳
˵ûлش⣬һת˲ǰ
Ȼûɱ㣬ڱȡ
ħڽһ̣ȴһ赲˻ȥ˼
ʲô
ʲôʲô浱ԼôСˣ·š
赲סǾߣ¿űħ
ûиᣬؼˣҿԸȫʬȻͱǲˣ
ǣССۼ߾ȻڿҪ̫Цˣ
ۣССۣ˷Уе
ǡ㾹Ȼžܡͱӡˣû˵ѪôῪӡ
㲻Ϲ֪ϹȻ㲻ϣǾȥɣ
Ѿزˣֻ
Ҫôħ˵ɱҪôɱ˸ϵĶħûбѡ
һֵýע⡣
˵ĻԼĶ֣˺Ҳֵʲôˡ
ɰ취ģϵǶħȻǶħĻǾöԸħİ취ͺˡ
ħ󷨣
ķѾʵùħ󷨣˵ˣķħһٴο׵缯ϣȻͬĶħһ𱻻УֻܲԵĴԻʩзħ󷨱Ƚơ
˫ֽӡħס
ħУ׵粻ϵĻϡ
ͼСƵס̫ˡ
ǲ֪ħ󷨿רаħģңԽǿаħԽ޷ѷħ󷨵Ľ
ķħס֮ʱ˺ڰеĺϤǡ
һᣬȥˣ
ţ
Ѱؼҵĺլ򿪺լؽѵĴ֮ʱŷ֣Щؼҵ˱һһĳ֮Уֻ©һԴ
סĻؼҵ˸ûлѹ
Ĳٿŷ𻮿˳룬ؼҵһһ˳
ʱؼҴץסĵָָ֣ķ
룬ı
ؼҴһ©Ļ߽һҪϢɽֻոѵؼ峤
ز˵ʲô
壬ħı
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ˣǵħǵħʱǧҪ
ŽģħĿ֮ħڵԪ壬ֻҪħԪҲ֮ɢ
ȥ
ܽħһĳջٵĶֻ߾𣬽ҵʩչħ󷨽ס
ٶȿһ㣬°
֪ˣ
ס֣ǸҶı壬ȻҪ
ϵĵħѾ˱屻߾յʹ࣬Ҫȥκαħš
ƱˣôСС۸Ūǲǲģ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣİӿ
ֻҪȺ˭ΪʲôʦԪĿʲôұȻҿɲұ֤֮㻹᲻ؼ䡣
ܵڱ߾գۿžҪյĵħݺݵؿŽġ
ϹʮħĿģҪڽ硣
Ŷʮħͦ£ȻˣҸܷˡ
ЦıжôļթҲڴʱ߾նĳ룬˯еĵħջ˻ҽ֮ĵħԪҲ֮ɢ
ڵħʧ֮ǰصڽĶߵǾ仰ȴ˳֮С
ģ˷ħ󷨣
Ļ𣬷Ľ˷ħ󷨣һû£ҪȻҲݰˡ
ħˣؼҵҲоա
ֻȴٳδѣΪҴ˱ӣ뿪ʱҡҡͷ
Ŀһ۴ϻԲѵ˼Ƭߵߡ
˵ɣ

1112 

1112 
ЩÿڣǾ˵ɡ
ôˣôˣ
ΪؼҴĳϣͬʱҲĸףĺеʱ峤ĵһһֲõԤС
ĵħȻɱǵħʱ̫ãҲմȾħ
ҲħȾ
ͬڶħǽ˶ѵĻ˵а취ħ
ȻֱӽӴ˵ħԪ񣬵겻ħȾҲٵ˱ıԵ
ô˵֮󣬽ڲõʱԼʶȫȫʧһֻɱ¾Ŀܣʱ򣬳Ϊħܵ㲻ؼӦԵġ
ԣҪɿ֮ǰɱΨһЧİ취Ҳǽһİ취
ʲô
һ˵һؼؼ峤վȽţϡ
˵Ŀģ
ǵģ
֪ô͸׿˵飬ֳؼҵϣ
ĲпһˣøһʮϾѡ񣬱Ǹֳɿ֮ǰɱ
ʣһ׵ôɱԼӡ
ؼҵ峤û˵ĬĬ뿪˷䣬ؼҴϿһȥ峤̾һʾҲ뿪
һʱ䣬ؼҵ˷׷ȥֻͽĻлԲѵ
Ѿˣֻԣӱܲǰ취
Ҳ֪˵ʲôؼҵ顣
ţѵûбİ취ô
ŽģʵԼ
ף̽Ѱһ̾ףֻ˵ǸӲһ˰ˣôԶĽѣ׵׵Ľѳ
̫䣬¹⣬ҹա
УԾֻнĺԼԵˣٹһʱʱû飬ΪܣؼҵҲһԽ⡣

ʱԭرյķŴˣԵ˹ߵߣһ˫ɫӿԼǰ꣬ѵãһĨЦ⸡ֶ
ȥתתɣֵܶƺδúõ˵
á
վ뿪ؼңؼҵҪȥʱ򱻽ֹˡ
ȥˣȻǲɡ
ɫ£뿪ؼҵ˽һƬСУСֵľͷһСӣСɫҫҫԵĲ⡣
֪Ϊʲôһֱô
֪һҳ̫Բűᡣ
صգ⻰һЦ˳
㰡˵С㣬˵Ľ㣬ĸ۰ţɣҲܵ࣬ȥ֮ڶĻԾɻЦҲĽĵط
֣ʾԼߡ
ǵôʮǰҴӱߣʱֵһ졣
ǰֳֵСʱһϷĻ棬Ψһһֵһûκ谭ĻţЩЦ
Ҳֻ֮ǰܿһС
һĻᣬһø磬չǣǻǡ
磬ʵ㲻֪һֱأҲĽ㣬Ϊһ𾴵ˡ
ĵеĽ޺˵еĻӱߵһʯӽСУһ
ңҲ㣬ǳƽˡ
ţƽˡ
ɫһڸǡ
еɫҲڽת䡣
޳Ĵͷ̾һмֽѡ
µûĻǰұϮʱͱħʱˣħѣҲΪĸܣ
֣ůҲС
ԺؼҾͽˣǣһܳɳΪصˣ֧ؼң֧¡
ģҲʧģ
ͷۿͷֻ֣дů
ʱˣҸˡ
ЦţůЦиֵǣһһ˲ʧ֮䣬ֻǻҽƮɢ
ʱɫиֳâһ˵ϡ
һʱ䣬ûлصؼңˣɱ
⣬һһݳеεĳظ
ص˼ˡ
Ҳ뿪ؼңǰȥү
ү֪ĵĵҲ֪ؼҷ顣
ĳںеʱҲˣؼҵӦǽˡ
үЩô
öˣģôѡʱˡ
үĵʱһ
ʱҲ뵽ؼһᷢ顣
ĵҲżֳأϣү˵ؼҵ֡
ؼҵҲ֪һ֪ϵľȻʮ˲ʮħ
үʲôʮħ
ʮ˲֪ʮ˲ʲô
ģ£ȥһ㿴
ү뿪Ƭ̣ȵʱжһ顣
ⱾķƤ֣ǽĴδһֲʡ
ʲô飿
ⱾӶ֮ʱ񵽵ġ
ү߽Ĵʱȥ֮ĺ߹ǣ˽ģʱ˺ѣ½ԪҲˣ嵽һС
½Ԫ˵ʱһΣһ֣ʱһߡ
ԣ½Ԫ㽫Ȿ˻
Ȿ飬ҵʱһҳֻޣֻʮħһҳ
ĴҪǿΪѾ۷ʵļȴܿڶҳʮħ
ڽӹ鼮ʱһصָȫ£Ĵ鼮ҳϰֽصͬ
ÿÿһҳʲôһ㡣
ģĪҪһԿ̫࣬Ȿȡ˵
š
ʮħʮ˲ļء
Ϲʱħսʮħӡʮ˲֮С
Ԥ˵ʮħ˼䣬Ϲħ̤֮ʱʱսһƬͿ̿
ʮ˲ڤķӡʮ˲ĻΪֲӡ׶ħϹŵǿħˡ
ʮ˲һͳƣбް޽ȵȣ
ļǵã˵ΪѰүүʱ򣬵˰޽磬ǿϹħޡ
ʱĵ廹ṳ֮̂磬Σ֡
ȥȴүֹˡ
ģٿˣ
ү֪ĵΪ۵ľ磬ɼˣҲһԷ̫飬οħУʵΪϲߡ

1113 ˭

1113 ˭
Ϣһ£Ѿ˸׼˷䣬ӻһ˽еġ
ãлүˣ
ڷⱾ֮󣬽Щƣˣӽ˽ָУŮȥ˷Ϣ
򵥵ϴ󣬼Ϣ֮б硣
ڤУɢŵ䱻鼮յ
ףǱܲͬѰ
ţȷʵͬѰʱ㰲ĵ굤Ϳˣʣµ齻һо
Ĳ˪Ѿһٽ㣬򲻿κηľٶ
ףһγҪ㣬һʱҪ˯׶Σܱˡ
ʮֲᣬԼһ˯ڣΣոô
ģһᱣ˵İȫԲκΣյġ
һˮľڽĵʶУ챣֤ԼԻᱣ˵İȫ
㣿
ɾֻⶫվһԼԪҲûģܲС
ĵıһ㣬ԲŲȥ˯
㱣֤ΣյʱһһģѾѧ˻ˡ
˵ţҡһ䣬һŮ̬
ǻϰ·Ůľӵһ˲ˤڵϣΪ˲ҧվ
㿴һ·ˣĻᱣ˵ġ
İɣӡο׵ΪѾ۷壬ֻҪͻ˾磬ȺҲܰôһս˯һܸõıס
֣ͷʾ찲Ľ˯ڣҪ
ðɣȻ׶ô˵ˣұ㲻˵ʲôˣ
תͷĿŮ̬ľϣȿȵĿš
㣬ӺֻܳΣյʱܳȥҪȻŵˡ
֪磬ҾԲȥ˵ġ
һ˫۾ʮĵͷ֤ԼԹԵڽָ棬鷳ģᰲĵȴ
ףһҪСġ
֪֪ˣôôµģȥ˯ɣ׵㣡
£ǰɫâէֶ˲ʧڤУ˳˯ڣһеϵ
ôˣܲ˵ӡ
֣ʾ⾻Լǰ£ŻŮ̬ľβ
֪ˣ鲻á
ܳʵ˵Լ뷨һۿʱһرĸо˵ôʱѧϰӦþͽϲɡ
硭
Ҫ˪֪꣬ȴСŮһҿӵ˯ǰǾ仰šСѲˣ
ԺأһڽָĵĻͽңҴɺá
ô
仰ʱ򣬾йâ˲ת˲ֳȥ
ǣ粻ҳȥŵ˵ġ
ҵľͺˣףҵĶӣػˣ˵˵Ļ˵ĻԲԣ
ϸϸ˵Ļûд
ǵģףҲҵˡ
ŮľЦСһֱŽĸ˵زġ
ֱ̾Լֵֵ躦ĸ޿δϱҲǹĵˡ
ʮʮ;ҪôɫҲǹ۵ģ
˭أΪ˶Ҹ룬׵岻ݴǡ
ա
ʱѾ˷

û¶ϵʱһؼҡ
һϣתʱ򣬽ĿһӡǣȻ˺ܶȴϡɼ
˭ģ
ûϵҸܵġ
ڽĶ棬ϵİӡԡ
ԷɣǻҪȥԹô
˵Ҳٱȥ
˷ȥ׼гõĿıűʱүһ˽ߡ
·ϴųԣһЩζҲڱʳ
лүҲҪúõչԼĪɼ
ү֮²ɲ֮Ҫѭ򽥽̤һ㾳硣
ţһ飬ϵһؼ峤ġ
ү˵ظ飬Ͼɱܳʲôԭ߱ɱֳйؼ峤֪ҪһеΣһҲҪд
ģȥԹȻᷢЩõ飬һСΪ
֪ˣˣ
Ѿǣ˹˲ү𣬿ʧеӰү̾һ
վˣԺ»ҪȺˣɼҲҪץҲҪҪҪȥػ
գ
ĺ⡣
ϰӡѾ࣬ĴӱͳһӸ
ˣ𡣡
סӹǿ飬˺ڿУһ˿˿۵ĸоӿڳ
ĺ𡣡
ǵȻˣɲһǣǱĩӲܳԵǣ޽С
ĵĻٸ۷ʲô飬Ƕվߣ벻빲
һĨЦ⣬Ӵ쿪ҧǿȥ
߰ɣȥ
ߣ
ӱޣ˼߲ݣʮ֮ϵԹǡ
ֻʱԹǱһƬɱ¾ѪϢС
ٵľѾûֵĽֵһˡ
ĺֱҡ
ҵڿǽĺʱ򣬼ĶڵϣеˮˢһӾ˳
ˣˣоˣ
Ķ˽ҵ˳
˿ű˴ˣʱһǧĻڿڡ
ƽͺã
˵һ仰³һеĵ֮һ˼֡
ĺǵĳǰЦš
ôˣ
ԣ۾ôˣ
ĿֱϲűѾѪԱڵסҲű
Щˣ
û¶ЩСˣġ
ɵЦţʾĲҪģЩСˣձˡ
ʲôСˣ£
ǿѹϣһԣϴɾ˫Сļ˲ϵİײĵⷭӿϡ
ô£ĸ˶Ūã
һŭص֮䣬ŭӿš
֣ŽĵֱۣЦ쳣ᡣ
ЦʲôЦĸ˶㣡
˵ʱ򣬽ĺ˫ۡ
ԵѪһƬѾͫ۰ףֲ쳣Ѫ쳣

1114 ҽ

1114  ҽ
ŽеŭģȻѾȫˣٲˡ
ڸ߽Լûд󰭣ԵЦݸýеŭȼյ˶㡣
ҪǲԵ˶ҳ־͵д
ˣЩħˣ
ҵŻŵ˽ʱɫħǵصϮҶС
ħ֮Уһʮֿ˶ߡ
ҵСӣǸưͣѾǻˣҲ˲ţǼϴûëϲ˲š
ħߣΪ׵һξ޴ĺӳңǰ
˫Ž𴸣һô󣬿ڴԵʮɡ
Щĥߴʲô˾ˣⶼԹͣˣ֪ĻΪСƨ˅ȡ
ڴ󺺵һͯŲͷĽꡣ
㻰࣬ϴǵҪץסڱĩļôҪǰˣǻȥϴô
󺺰˺ͯһۣɫĴָָҴеԶˡ
꣬ٸһλᣬڸߵĻһԱȫһЩ˵ҪȻԹĹһһҪΪ֮ء
󺺺ͺͯڣԶ˵Ļᡣ
㴦ģ齻ҡ
СЩ¸˿֮ȥæ
һĶˣҲ֪˵ǿ󣬵ڣԸΪҪһЩ
İ˫оɱ⡣
ʮħ
Ǻˣ
¿Žģ˹ˣôûоһб˵Ϣ
㣬ǲʮħ
ôôȵȣ
ͯƯڰУ˿ģִӻóһФ񻭣һŻǽġ
̤Ьٴȫѹǽĩĸ˵ˣðĸȫץȥϴ˵׼ʹǸı
ģӽͰĸȫץȥ
󺺺ͺͯûشĵ⣬Űѽĸץȥ֮õʲôĽ͡
ƾǣ
˲仯ħһ˫ɫɭɲһߵ󺺺ͺͯǰϱŷǿħԷħȫѹ
ȴ󺺺ͺͯӦֻӶںڰħתһƯĻȡ
ǿħ㵽ʲôˡ
ʲôòǹܣ˭ԡ
ϵħѾŨҵһĵزҲŴʱ˿̵ˡ
ǰħʮħ֮еκһҲû˺ԺǾ˵˳زˡ
˵˵
ڵһֱĴ˴󺺵ֻ࣬һУҪ˴󺺵
ॵеĽڵϣûб֪ԼΪζ
ĵĿתǺͯϡ
ƺͯħǲǰһĻķָȻ۵ļ𣬵ûʵ˲ɱ˽졣
Ҹʱ䣬˵Ǻһ
һ

ʱѾˣȻ㲻˵һȥɡ
ɱĽĸûд߶ˣתںͯǰʱ򣬺ͯȫºƱʲôסһ泯˹
˫ֽӡ߾ѾƽͯԼҪڷ֮£־֮⡣
ʮħ֮ǣҡ
ͯеǻû˵ڣ㱻ĵķ̴࣬Ԫͬ߾ꡣ
ħ˵ϿյħɢҲԭӡ
ҵţ
ңԹĶҲǻúܣԹľѾɳʮˣϷŻʳܣɼǱ׾ٵĹ˷
ô
һΪԼ˿ڣ鷢ľ
ܸоõԺѾ̤۵Ľ׶ΣȴǱ˵زɣһжΪ
̾һ˫ȭʵӿĺֵʱ˶һ˿и˿
֪֪ԼԻҪǶòǾͷ
үүˣҲӣˣԹҲݻٳΪ顣
ǣֻš
뿪ڵʱ䣬Զ˲ϵǿԼʵļ̤۵ļ˶
֮ǰȥһˣȻĵĲμѡ
ǣص֮ʱŰԹԶƴȫűסԹǣסңһж˵һϷѡ
Դˣÿ춼ɳħԹңΨһǶ˶ħ׷ʮħ
Ϊ˼סԼıģҪЩаħȥǿ󼴱Ƕ˵ʵһҲƥС
үүΪ˾ǱңԵ۱ӡ˶һʧûҹ
뽪˵ԿһУʱɫѺڣбӡĶ俪ʼҵʹԴϹڵϡ
һ̵ܹˣҲ޷ľʹ֪ʹжô˺ѷΡ
ԣסԣ
Ĺڵϣ˫ְѹԵļǰѹԵȣ˾ܵö䷢Բ˺
ԱĥĺݺݵҧۿˮϵĴת
ԣǣҺҽء
׽Ҳܵ˱ʹĥϵضš
Ϊ˲ôʹȥĽԴ˹ȥ
ɾڻ˯УԾǽüͷ
ģ
Žһԡ
ҸոҩӦܺúõ˯һ
ôˡ
ô
ַˡ
̾һұ۵ʱֵĹͷͽȫѣ֮ԻŽȫƾʶӲš
ĺһ̣˵ĺΡ
ˣʲô˼
ϵ˼ֹͷͽȫѣаֻʶڳŶѡ
ַ˵ʵһȭݺݵǽϡ
Աĥַˡ
˳㲻죡
ı˫ۣԵ̫ͻȻö˴ֲ׼ټԵĶ־Բȥ
ҽ
ҴӶ֮ʱ·ظһҽ飬ܸȡõʱ䡣
Ҫõʱ䡣
ʮʱ
ҪʮʱҪʱһҽѰԺķ
ã۷ʲôҸȡʮʱʱ䡣
ظ֮УŲҽ飬Ӷ֮ʱķҽʱ򣬿һЩ䷨Ľ֮
ϣҵһҪҵ

1115 

1115  
µħɱȻҡ
ҪһʱҵҽԵķӡ
һһĲϵķţĿҳаֽдµݡ
תۼʱѾȥԾûҵҽ˵İ취
ססܼ꣡
³һ;ԼԽˣԽĽ꣬޷ע
һ浣ˣһҲŶʮħ֮һ
ۿʱһĹȥȴ޷ҵҽ˵İ취
ֹͷͽȫˣѰĶѣȫзӽͷͽ½ӻȥǣڹ֮£ѾûϵĿˡ
ףڵĻʲôҽǣ
ķı˫ۣԺл̹һ֪ʶ
أһ뷨Ȼ両ڽĵԺС
ǡ̫ΣգҲ֪ʲôЧ
¶زҲֻðһˡ
еҽһԣǰתͷ˿Ŀڶ˵ǻš
ףһҪܳɹ
棬ħѹ
ɫԹǵϷ
ں֮Уһź³վԶˣӵĸңվԺеꡣ
ǺˣȻеɱ˱ħ
ʮħ֮
ӴʮħĵħܲᷳϢʮħ֮ˡ
ʮħ֮һ
Ŀ⵭ϣĵ˵ͷ
Ǳûв´ӦǱĩˣˣڵǱĶ֡
ϧ˲ţ־ţɱ˵ĻǽʧΪΪá
Ŷҵʲôð취ѲگҳΪħҽʦ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ˫ֶżЦŰŵ
շеߣһʮħ֮һҲ룬Ķ֡
ӦҪȡʮʱʱ䣬һ˵
ӱ𣿡
仰˵ˣҴûƹǣӡ
һŵ˵⻰֪ʮħжôĺܡ
ʮħؼҺҲӣҲзϣԵ۸ᱻӡ˶䱻Ħ
СӣǸ˲ţŸȥĻᣬȻԼ֪ϧȫ㣬Թǧᡣ
ѹû֮⣬˵ɱ˵ʱ쳣ñһֻһ
ӡʮ˲еʮħһαͷųɱ¾Ѫȶ˵ϡƽˣ˵ʮҲҡκε֮ġ
ʮ˲һ𣬱עս밢޵֮С
һӣħǷ׷ӿܣ׼ʼԹǵѪϴ
ħ̤ңʱ˫ֽ䣬һž޴󷨽ԼΧĴ󲿷ֽΧС
ħ󣡡
ħɵκħаʮħˣȻħôᱻɱ
ֲãԭħǸõļһ֮С
ħħ磬ʮħֻʣʮһ
ҲֵħһﲻȻԼı˱˷֡
ΪʮħȻɱˣߣ๼
Ϊ͵ħõĶһô
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ħػңаħ޷һ֮Уᱻħе׵лҽ
ۿһħͷħ˼Ȥƶ£һ̤ħС
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޺ƺЩϤղŽħеֻ޺۵һѡ
˵䣬޺۵һ̤˷ħڣһεķӿȥڶ١
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޺۵ĵħڣһΣ佫
ɽ̤ħЩԲеħ
Ҫ֪ʩзħҪĴΪԽƵĵΪԽࡣ
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׼ôǵ
ۡ
һѪǻӿһ£ɼˣǿ֧ŷħ
٣߸ڡ
ž޴ĺ𣬴ʱ˿̵ѾҲûж֧ȥˣǰģ𷿼еĽˣȥˡ
꣬ԽĲװȥٸһλᣬΪ¡
ǺǣĴΡ
һΣһѪӿָմѪڰлһ䡣
ѪɫķڰУԭɢķħһǿ
Ϊ˶Կ㾹Ȼʹ˽䣿ֵô
ҪػҪˣֵֵҵ飡
õĽˤɽѧ߾֮ʱ鿴ģ߾еһ䡣
޵ԼԼʱʱ̿۷Ϊ֮Уֻǣһɢʩ֮˱ᱻ߾ɣȼڣջɻҽʧ֮䡣
ɼˣֻҪƽ£һжֵˡ
߾ĽȻޱȵǿڿǰǿ֮£һһεĵֿ޺۵Ľ
ۿʮʱѾҲɢĵȻ޴棬ܸܵԼţ걻һա
ѵһоҪ˽ô
ģ
Ĳġ
ûпƽ£ôȥ
ɷħУ忪ʼ˻𣬺ɫĻڿʼϵȼţٻ
ǣĺòġ

ϤڶµʱһĨЦ⸡ڴǣģУӰ˹
ƽ£ã

׵ĵصһ̣ĲյĻ汧ס
ʱѾû˺
ҩԣҩԣǸҵţŪ˶ӣ
ǰɣҲǸñˣ
ȫ绻һһһаһŷ׽޺۶š
ϴҶһΣ³ɺһ
һϢ󿪣ǿŷΧγһޱǿĽ硣
һѪծҪ޺۱䱾ĳ

1116 

1116 
һһ˫Ҳ˱仯ӡŶһĹâʱǰһж
Ļ֮еĺɫ񼼣ǽһ̷뵽ķӡ
˵ָԱǵҲ˵Եֵס޴˺Ǻβܵ˺ָһ
ûʮİգΨһķӡ
ȻԽԼָչֳĹЧ˶ȫ˺
ұ۷ˣָ㻯⻤ȫ
Ե۱ӡ˶䣬ָ㻯â뵽ۣ˶䣬һ񼼣һжӦþ˵ֻкһֵ߲ܳ
øǽĲĺ
˳һ̣㿴ȫ˻ڵϡ
ĽһҩĿУֻŽָܷͬЧ
һߣʮħǿܹȫȫĵĵˣԵ֮£ҲòСĽӦ
˼Ȼ˼ܱɱǺң
޺۶ɱ⼸ǲܵĹ˳ȻĻǾĸ˺ˡ
ߣ˵ɣҲҪ㿴ʲôܣ
һ۹âһ˲䲶׽˺ڰе޺ۡ
Сӣôģ
Ӱ죬޺۵Ķ࣬оȫ±һɳصѹš
Ӱ֮£ȫаֱǰֱĴ޺۵ࡣ
ȶ˸֮࣬޺۵ɢںڰУһ޺۳׼һ
һ֣Եһơ
˵ķôô࣬ҲʵĻ
ɱҲ䣡
޺Цţһӣǿֱӽ˻ɡ
֮ʱץסԣû˦ڵɶ˺
ΪԵܽһӰ죬޺Ҳ˴βϵĴںڰ֮УټϷڶ࣬ԶһʱҲ׼ĸʵĸǻûӰӣγơ
ԣÿ
ĵ˺ʮһ˲䣬һȵĻХ
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ʩչһϢ֮ʴ˽ָЧ壬ԡ֮ͻ߾ĵأ֮
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֮յ޺۵һ©ŵ飬Ե࣬Сϵ࣬ΪΣЩȻǿ
ԣǵǱĩһͳʲôô
ЦţֻӶӽָг֡
⻤аĺ⣬ŷ׽ģ˫˸ųɫĻںڰвϵš
ĸվһʮħ޺ۡ
һߣҾһɣҰ磬ʮ˴أ
ǺǣƾǼࣿ
޺۰˫ۣǿԾϣҪɱ˵Ρ
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˫۱ɳ죬ȫħȫоѾ޺۲˳ˣˣ
ֵǣɣʲôҲ˵ˣ
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Ҽ޺۵Ķǰסе˺Ծһһ޺۵ķ
ߣڶ⹷
ҵ޺۵Ĳٿ߾ֱĴ޺۵ࡣ
һ任ɳľ͸޺۵࣬޺۵ͷŴ̴Լ
⡭Ǿ
һ߾ط֮ȼ޺ȫ£޺ʳڽΪλо㱻֮յʣˡ
ʮħ޺ۣĸС
޺۵ʧԹϷɢòԡڴϡ
ĸ˿ű˴ˣȻЦ
ЦңǴѲĿġ

Ц󣬽ߵǰֱһƺݺݵĴϡ
ʺָӡ˲両ֶ
ġ
һƵЦţ֪ΪҪԼĻĸ˶
ĸ˶粫һǻ
ǵ㣬ղŵˡ
Ǽ֮⡣
ΪָػˣҲûˡ
ԣǱ֤׼´ΣʲôֻлŲϣҪΪǿνĴԼ趼Ƿƨ
Ĳںʲô´壬Щж翵Ĵڡ
ںѵͰΣֻҪ˻ţŻϣһˣʲôûˡ
ãҴӦ㣬һΣ
ҲӦ㣬ԾԲһΣ
Ҳǣ´Σ
Կڵ˲䣬˵ɴ۾߷׷תԵϡ
ôܾôˣʲôԽܵġ
ЦţԵͳ޵ᡣ
˵һˣĽʲôŲȥġ
浹ǲ棬Ǿţ̫󰡣
¿ԣǵӡأӦɬߵɣ˵쳣ɫ
һڣȴǵͳԵҪ˵СܲӰҲõĴĵ
һѣԹʳѯʣŵ֪аħɢˡ
ҵļˣǸһȴĵԼӵˡ
վүӵλǰĺĸ˸ү㡣
ģʲôʮħ
ΪʮħϹʱڱӡŵǿħߣܵĵħĸ˵޺۱ʮħеħ
˵ʮħʱ򣬽ĵı
ǵħıֶǸǵħĶ֡
ΪָĸҲ޺۵С
һħʹǻ֮ҪԵǿڡ
ɱ˵ħ޺ҲܵģҲӦǷŴʮ˲ѣոջָһŻᱻ˿ӡ
罪˵һʮ˲ոտħ޺۾ȥȫûӦ˽Լûظ³ڽĵ˵ǰŻᱻնɱ
ħ޺κһħָϢΪ˵ĸˣǶڵҲ޷֮⡣
Ǻǣû뵽ǾȻʮħе޺ء
һŮ𣬽ĺ˱˴һۣʮȷպǽϵŮ
Ȼ˫ŲĳŮһθڰУŵ˫ϵ˫ŵĻζ졣

1117 ħŮ

1117 ħŮ

öصڰУصÿһ˵Ķߡ
ĺϤˣպǽ޹ʳ޶ʧŮ
ŮɢħİŷĿϵϡ
Ǻˡ
ң
ŽԼ˭Ů֣еָ𳤷ƺ˼Լ˭⡣
Ƭ֮Ůڣ鵽˼µشŽĵ⡣
ңӦʮħ֮һȣֻʱ̫ˣԼǵԼ˭ˡ
ȵŮͷŲ˫ű֮⣬һĨ˵Դͷڽġ
ʮħ
ţҺͬڵҶûκεΣա
һĨЦǣ˴ǣеļػӶţһɫ֮гֵһ˼ѪȻ档
κڵǵվС
ĿΪΡ
ȣ߽䱸ѾʱܷΣա
Ȼȸûд˶֣һᣬɢ˼ҾĻҲ֮ʧ
ĿΪΣǱʮ˲ʱ̫ģеˣġ
ȽŽĵ֣촽΢΢ƲƲƺֺǲϲ
һϲ񣬲֮ǰֻ֣سΪ˵Ӧòǵúܾúܾǰ飬ûϵԺġ
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ĲûһЩﲻԴ
ʲôʲôֻأ
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ţħֵġ
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š
źֵ֮ĻκκȺͻ˱һȺħΧţϱ鲼Ѫ
ԹҽˣĸĺɱʮħͽԹĻ壬κǲ߲ݷɱȥ
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ǰκĽݾŶѣֻд·Ԩֱκ
СһЩ
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ԭʼɭ֣˭Ҳ֪ʲôΣޡ
Ϊܾĵκ̶ѨҲҪǰС
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˵Ҳ֣ɱʮħĵħʱⱾеʮħоȻħ֡
ħܱ֮ɱΪǿ󣬶ΪǱʮ˲̫ãΪûлָ
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һҵʱѾ˵ˣħΪ屻֣űɱҲΪˣҲֳΪ֮ǰɱ
ǿĴڣΪûлָ¿ԴҲᱻĸ˿ɱ
Ҫ֪ħֻʮħ֮µȵħڣɼµħǼԾ˿ͷ
ϵֱۣԵۣʩչһǱ޺ȫȫĵ򵽺޻֮
Ϊָԭ򣬴һսĩĸһ
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ĸڲݴ֮У©۾ǰһĻսĳ档
һͷ˶ĺɫɱһ˵С໵Ľš
Сϵ˿ڲϵѪǰһĻҲŵİˡŲʮӦҪСǣ˭֪ǵ֣ҲֲʲôˣɫҲûռϷ磬Ҳ鲼˿ڡ
۴ߣֵܸҶҵܵܣͱŪǣ
ǿ˵˻˻˻Цš
ڷ磬㻹Ϊʮ˲ôֵħһ壬ͷֵܶ˸ɱۡ
˻˻ܳǣֵ˵ΪҪһ¾ˣǵԪȥħˣħһúýֵˡ
۴ֵ׼ɫһ¡
վǳ棬ȻԸΪʮħ߹
ΣħһҲǹ˳ʮħ£һΥħĻøҪӵ˽ôЦ
۴߳Цźɫǣʹһÿ˿ԼֵܣʾһҪһ˲佫ǻɱҪȻѲ
һ˲䣬۴߳ȥſѪڱҪ˺ҧǵ壬޴ĺҲӦԵ׼˭֪۾𹥣Ŀ˵Сǡ
ģǸҵ֣ܵܰӶȻɱȫң
ۿŽ۴ԽԽſѪھҪ˵С븹У˵ʱʱ죬һԾк֣֮ж쳣ٻ
ߵСߣӱóֹѪҩ۾ȵСǵ˿ϡ
˵СǶ䱸ʮ㣬
Ҹ㿴˿ڣ˵ĺء
ûйľٶ˫ְѹСѪֹ˿ϣ˿ڡ
ɵܵû¶ȶԸǰҪ
ʲôˣ
˺۵ĺɫһ˫ɫͫ׶Žģϲּ࣬թƻ˽ֻбʳĵķݶ
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ϣ
кһۣȫ򿪳ǰȥ֪³һ۴ߵоֱ۴֮
ϵ൱䣬Уգ֮նɱ˽۴ߣʵԵ񼼽һеܿﶼӻж֮ʱҲ
ǣҲʹùƵиá
һκɫˮ˳ۿϣǰһ£Ϊ޷ӭ񼼵ġ
ԣ
ް
ҪƵʹ񼼣ҪǿΪֻǿ֧֮£Ż֧񼼣Ǳ䷴֧䡣
ʣµĽҺϢһ£
Ľǿ˺ĸһһ赲Ž۴ߵĽ
ɵ㻹ԭؿʲô
һɤӺŷӦɫӰһԾצ˽۴ߵϡ

1118 

1118  
۴ڶһǵȫ
ٺ٣ߵǸö˷ѣаң
Ϊʲôľ
Ȼô˵ǽа˽С
ҵľǸŮģĿһŮȫѪô
İһۣӹаƿ˽۴ߵ壬Ѱߵ
ö۴ߵߵɶ޼֮ҩüֵߡ
һ׬ˣûȥȣһ˻ˣ
öߵ˽ָУĻûоʹ˰֣ʮ˳ֵĽ۴Ƥȡ߹ǡ
߹Ȼûоͷ߻ʵ߹ǺãҲǲҩˡ
ģ͹ˣ˶ʬ˻˵ĹͷƷ಻ãȻ㲻ϲĻͰ⼸߹ǸҰɣװҲǲġ
Ҳż߹ǵע⣬Щ߹װаϣӦǸѡ
͵ˣ߹ǺߵҪȵġ
⻰˵˵û˵
̾һҲָͽҪ߹ˣжҪĶһиҪġ
Ļ˵йҩݵ飬Ⱦħһһݶĸǡ
ߣĺѰŽ۴ߵֵһߣСǰ˿֮תǰ˿ڵʱȴһצЩ
һ񼼣ӺоûбǸĳ
ԡ
ʱڶ񼼣Ǹģƿһ񼼵ķãһƴԴϡ
ˣ˵񼼻죬Ƶʹ񼼣
İѸӽָеߵóһöԵǿнߵ˽ȥ
۴вͣȻ߹ǵƷûоͷ߻ʵĺãߵĹЧȴǱȾͷ߻ʵߵЧǿʮ
һߵϢȥʣµ齻ǡ
ʾ԰ĵϢ飬Ҫѹ񼼵ķЧ
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´˺۱鲼ĺǣǵĸͷܴͷţô󣬺ɫ˫ǵҰԺɱ
ĸұ֤ԼͷǵĻʤļʲ㡣
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ϺǾ£УߣС˾ˣʱ߶ֵýٴΣʱ۷ȥǵԪǵƤ·
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һԵ˺һۣйâһЦķ
ҾȲʵƤɴ멲ղߵ߹㶼ˣƤˡ
㣬Ƥ㣬ҳͳɣô
᲻῾⣬Ŀ⿴һԴſ־֮СӣЦЦֻЦСĵ˲͸ˡ
̫ϣóԣСӦǺۣѧһˣ԰СǵʵĿ⣬ʵĽϣζһܲ
Ҫȣǲ׼˲ߣҪಹһӪ
Ե񲹵׵ŻСǣֻһصжôĿˡ
ȵȣܾӵĵܵܣӿԿǲɱǡ
ǵĻýЦͣסŲعͷһ˫ɵһı鿴
ôôմʮ˲ʣǱǸɵӡ
ĵĳǻƽʱ򣬺һצӽǰĸȫɱǹغֻܵܵк⼸΢͡
˵ɣֻҪܾӵܵܣҪʲô
Ļǲȱ
ƱʲôڽȻǺöĿǰȣҪĲЩǺǡ
ղһĻҲˣֵħһ壬ڶֵ֮ȫұʮħɱ
һ仰˵úã˵ĵ˾ѣȻ˵Ļ
ɣǾܵгҲѣ㸺𱣻λֵܡ
ָָԣȻõ񼼣Ҳﵽ۵ľ磬ǲ֧ĵÿÿʩչһΣᱻǿɣʹ
ͬ⵶ƣ߾ط֮Եʩչ֮˺
˵һսǲʱصչߵˣҪһǿħԣõѡû֮һ
Ҳˣֵʩչܵܣܵͱ۴߸˵Ӧô
ЦţЦǽһ޺
˼ʲôڵ磬͵Ÿܵʬɡ
ãһӦ񼼵ķЧ֮Լϡ
һᵽСǣǺԥĴӦ˽ĿȫӦ֮ǰһֱԡ
䣬Ψеܵһ˴ţϲԸֻϣܵܰȻĻȥ
ȵҵʧ˽ħǾ֮󣬱ȻʮħѪ
ģߵСǵĶҺɢĺܿ죡
ʡŵãһöߵȵġ
Ĳ鲻ԸĽ˵ڶöߵĶСǰ
ߵ֭ҺͿĨСǵ˿ϣС߶
Сһôôɰ
֣ŪСǡ
Сë׵ģɫĴ۾ӳŽĵӰӣɽĸֵʱСǳڷſڱһҧȥӴƵʱȴڽĵУصĽš
ѽѽ޲ޣԹԵģ
ȻƽװˣվһŮģôɰСһί
СһﱧڻУظСǵͷ
۲ۣһͺˣҽκ˿ڵĻͻԽء
أۣ
ѾģܲһЩС˵ۣ
û
һΣûôװһ
һߣϯضϢߵŲݸһߣ˫ۿűıڻеСӡ
ɵܵá
ɵĺǵͷɫĿһ
ĽĽȥﷴˮ
ǳƲҲӦһЦ
ôҲҪҲа
ۡ
ոյϢԱ仰Цˣ˵ҲͦĽСӵġ
ǳΪԵħ裬ȻʱԵģҲ԰ģϾкš
أ
СǻСֻһֻСôСһ·϶ıڻУóԺúȵźţһʿĽ
Ǹʶôʱ䣬ͷһֱСӻĺá
ҪҲȥȣؽ
һһ뵽ڵؽţȫͶ񺮱鲼ȥ
ɵʲ֣
ٽӴɵŲӰˡ
ѣڶôɶ֣ѵǽ˶ӣϲô
ӽкڷ磬׼ڽӴɵ
ڷ磿һ㰡

1119 ٴ

1119 ٴ
ڷͺħȫ֮£ĵ߽ݾٶǰκ
˭֪ű紵ˣ£ΪܾĸеκֻѡԨ֮µԭʼɭ֮Уⳡ
˶ǵκĹѾ֮ˡ
̤κٽǵسǣΪħ޵ħеĲǰгȺħ
ûǣǰħڶ࣬ȻһȺϺзҲǧ
ʮ˲Ĵųɫʮ˲ħǷ׷
ڷ磬֪ʮ˲Ϊα򿪣
֪ӱ׷ɱʱʮ˲ĴѾˣҪȻôŵܵƬɭ֡
һ뵽ʱڷбŭȼʮ˲ĴŲ֪ʱħһʮħǵĸ߹ħǣϵͷ㱻ʮħɱֻʣֵܶˡ
Ϊ˱ܵܣҲΪѰħһĽ飬ϰϵ񷨣ڷŵܴܵʮ˲˽硣
˽粻ãûҵ۴׷
ˣ飬ܵôСѲҪܻܵصʮ˲ȥʮħܣ
һۺڷ磬˽Ļбŵĺס
СһƺڽĻ棬һֻǣƫƫһĿ
ԣ𲻼һʱοʮħѾʼ̤˼䣬⼸Ѿɱ
еķڵϣ˿ĵ㣬ԺͽϳŷΪչ˵ħֵܶǣ׼裬һͺС㣬ϴ裬Ǻ׳Էá
һǴŵϴľ裬ˣںڷѣϴľ軹ǽСࡣ
ʱŰɣȻص֮ٸ׼һķ衣
ǣǹ
ڷһ˫ɫŭħһǲܺ͹һԶģžһӣǰĴϴľƷڷſڵϲˡ
ںڷ磬׵ĴҪõöˡ
οɰټнΪչˣյʱ˿ھͻָ߰˰ˣԱ֮ǰ˺üȦ
죬⡣
˺¼ϵιźף׶ҡβͣѾȫȫȥ˳֮ʱĽ䱸ڵĺ׸һֻ˳Сڹڽġ
ҪŪ׵ʱ򣬶ᱻҧһڡ
Էһ裬ڴ򷭾ûóˡ
¸Ūһ⣬Źͷһ裬Ĳֱˮ
ӡŲء
ӺڷĶ洫˳Ⱥڷ˵껰ץһֻ˺ڷ档
Լ֮ǰ㸺ػң㡣
Ӳš
һ⣬ڷ籾³ȥʱһ˲ɢ
ӳˣ
һϴľⱻڷԵĸɸɾ޲ľ趼ȥ
ڳԷԺ˸űһĿ⣬İԹ⣬һͻᱻڷߡ
ˣ·ɣ֮ǰκ
κ֮вκȺͻԵĸүĸƥۿջ֮ͣٴγǰκĶǡ
ڷ˵ԽٽκħԽࡣ
Щħǿκռơ
ǿǽǶˣ
ɫȫ֮ʣκǳ⡣
ԶԶñ㿴վڳǽϵŮһŮˮɫĳȹˮмᶨ鲻κжɡ
վŮߵĺŮ罣նɱһħӢˬҿ˵ϤĻ
ΪǳԸɷôһȺ˶ӣһɱһɱһ˫ֻҪվǾͱ̤κǰ벽
֮䣬Ůڳǽ֮ϣƸǶҹɫȴҫ۵һ޷ƿߡ
ʱħ˲丩ۿžҪײκȣһԾ罣һѤĻ䣬ħ롣
Сˣã
㡣
κлЦţŻӳħһӣһɫĳڰнħزУԵһħɢ֮䡣
һһħնɱϣֻκȺͻųȺӵħʿǸħĶ֣Ϊ˱ʿˣǶš
˵һֻҪǻһڣȺ쵰ͱ̤š
Ⱥ˶Ӹţ
罣ֱָ񷣬еɱŷţħ
գ̤κ벽һȥʣһ
һ̤߰ѷɽӽҫŹâ̤۾Ļڻ֮ѧ˽֮Ȼո̤أԸȺħ㹻ˡ
κߣɱ⣡
κվڻߣȥ˳֮ʱɬһɫĳϵķţѤ
ɵƼǣǱĩ
žһһƴԴϡ
㱻³̸ôԳˣ
һʱûסôʴˣǱĩˣǧħҲη塣
ʵϣǻκȲηǧƵħѾûκѡ·
ֻͦħ֮潻սܱסκסҪػˡ
𣡡
ɫƸǵصϮŻκȷ˹ȥɲǼ䣬ǺѹѹһƬκǣת㽫κϢ֮¡
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ΪΣ
ڷ粻⣬𱣻ԣЩϺзģΪҪ뿪
ܵҪɻҽ
ĲٽͣħѾƽκ
ħ󣡡
˫ֽӡ޴˲κǽΧ̤κħȫУһ׵еħ˲仯ҽɢ
Ľ㣡
ģ
ģħ̫࣬˵
ȻͿǵĽ㣬ǰɣ
̾һҲվڽĵߣȺͻͿ˽ģԶˣİİ
ˣСģ
ħӴ󣬵ڽԵļʱԮϮκħˣӵӡ
Ȼ˵ħǧƣڣʮħ֮һУ˵ֽһս
ǰף˱űڳǽϣ۹ϵů
²˵ĻЦκȺͻ
ȥϤϤɣʲôϢ֮˵ȥ
ڷǰҲǣڷԴǵľܾˣֻһƥǰ
κȻźڷصκĻʹ
κĻʹһϢ鷿У֪κ˻ħκʵκӻλκȵĸ

1120 Nɪĺ

1120 Nɪĺ
κһݣǴκİոлˡ
Ӧġ
ʽ㣬û㣬Ĳ֪Ǻá
ɣκһõĻʵۣΪ˰Ļʵۡ
Ϊʵ۲һʱ䣬֮£κѾָ
Ǳ߾ŹΪʵ۵κӺȻɨƽңǣֵǲӴħһıûκЧá
ڣǧһ֮ʣκȺͻκԶ˵ֵסħĽ
һݣӦ
ȣˣ
κȵֱѪĴӱóҩΪȰ˿ڡ
û¶Сˡ
ǿѹϣκʹһ˿ѿЦݡ
СˣܿͷˣʲôСˣ
κȵ˿Ͻķһҩۣҩۿʹ˿ʱԵķϣǣҩЧȥ֮˿ڱٵĸʱʱĴ˵ֱ۱סҲԱȫ
⺢ôôҩҲãҪô
Ľ㣬û¶
ҽκȸ˿ҩʱֻ˵ֹѪҩҲˣû뵽ҩ۵ЧȻ˲
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κˣڻͽĶ˫ʩѹ˴ʾԼҲҩʹˡ
ұ֤ı֤
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ڷཱུ߶ͣһԵ˺ڷצһš
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ϲƱƣҧҰ
ڷǲˬҲ֪ΪɶˬϵǰܵĵĶ̴ŻƽһЩ
˼Сүʲôҧǲ⡣

ˣ˼үлҪ˵ͱˣߣ
ץסڷβʹקڷ翴ԺүһۣĲ鲻Ը뿪˶˵Ͱķӡ
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ôˣ޻˽۴߾ܵܡ
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ͷźڷ磬źڷǷ֪ôд
ڶôˣһʮ𣬼ʮ˲ǾŵĴڡ
ʲôȥ֮ǰиԱҵľԵĸţȺɱ֮²ź͸ϡ
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߸߹ĵεΣһ·ܹĿѣǾһҲҧ˹ֱڡ
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ڸ˵һΣ׼ɵУӲκ˵ħޣħһĻӡ
ڷĻЦźڷĴצЦĶš
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࣬ˡ
еϷЦ⣬ڷһצ
ȺˣС
Ժү˵Щ飬ֻ˵òδ˵ҸүҪ䣬뿪κ·
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ÿһ˵жÿһ˵Ҳһ
һעκԲһиΪأҪǷκȥԼҪ顣
뿪ʱԽ˫ȭһһĲ֪
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ү֪ԼĶӲ֮иΪ衣
Ϊ׵ô赲ӵĵ·
ŽʧǰһӰүЦţ̾һ
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źڷ˻˾һ
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һ̣ϼ˽Ϊͨص³̣ⲻ֪Ȼõǿɱֻնɱаħ񣬲ſĵ񵶣ҪȻͻᱻɣΪеļƷ֮һ
ͣĳһ·ħȫնɱ
ڣʮ֮ϵı߾
ʱһϣ
ղ߲ݵĸ·˶ܲˣοκֱϵ˿Ҳڱȥ
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ء
һɵɵܵκǰСԴκȵ
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Ҳһͷںǰ˷ܵתȦȦɰıȵĻĶˡ
ģκȺͺͬԷԺſڵϵĺڷڽԳԷ
ǲ˵񣬸ոճԿһͷĺСһ̧ͷʮֵ҇NɪĿŶһʿ·˵ƵĻ
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Ķ
ߣ
ôãͽĻκôãӾûȺүι˵ϴˣȻϴ貢
ǴδܹĴһСɵˣݰ
ŪܵܣϳԹզ
εĻġ
һΣ
ء
ԽĽԽǇNɪ

1121 㲻׼

1121 㲻׼
ʵĽһǣûǳࡣĽʼɡ
׺óԺúȻ˭ߣǺ²Ĵ
ǿɲ֪ղǸԶ˵¼ұħΧˣ˵ҪҵʲôϹžɶġ
Ϲžɶ˵¼ҵĴӻˣд¼Ӧûκ¶ɡ
ǿ˵׼˵ħһƬһƬģֲʹѾɱȥ¼ҵֿħ򾫱ȫ·ˡ
ļٵģ⻰ɲ˵
ƭʲô¼ڵĳбȽԶҪȻһᱻħġ
ջУʳ˵¼ұħΧ飬ĵ˻δ꣬ʰ
ԽǱƽ¼ڵĳУħϢԽŨš
˴ʳǿеħǰ¼ҵĿΪѰϹžᡣ
ʲô
ɣħǴʮ˲ΪҪǰ¼ѰϹž᣿
ڷ磬ʮ˲ģϹžʲô
ǲ֪
ڷǲ⣬ǾȻ֪Ϲžᡣ
ϻҪ֪ϹžʲôͲˡ
߸·źڷϹžᵽʲôĴڣΪλᾪħǰ¼ҡ
ϹžϹ֮һϹž֮һ䷨˵ԿӸռĴš
֮ĻȻ˵һռĴű򿪣ħҪеȻ
УϹž֮вд򿪸ռŵ䷨ٻϹħޣô˵ɣϹžĵʮħУǾ붯Ҳ赲Ļ𡣡
˵ҵϹžᣬҵӸʱյԿףͬҲƿٻϹħʥ޵ȵȵȨ
Ȼ˵ҲһЩϹž飬û뵽ʮħĶȻô졣
һ·߲ݵĳ¼нڣ֮ҹڵ¼ڵĻǳ⡣
ԶԶأ㿴ĻǱһħΧˮйͨ
Ϸɵĵܵˮεģι״ĿħѪ˺ҧѾȥʬ壬ĻѾΪһǣħ̤Ļ֮ء
һ·һ·ɱ־ɫâһħ롣
κȺ˫ۣһͯȱȫʬ;Уеˮվ̲סĵ
ԸһУûпѡ
ģһȺ
˫ȭ˫ŷҹ֮еһħ糤ṳ̂߰Ƿԣǰ·ħһһնɱ
ǰ¼һ·ħøɸɾǣԽǽӽ¼ңħԽܼ
һȺħΧм³һ˶ߵ񵶣ȫѾѪҺȾ֪ԼѪħѪ֮ʱ˿̵³̾ǴѪ߹һˣŷɱ
Ѫ򿪣³񵶴ǰһǿҵĵ滮һǰħնء
ֻҪ³վһգԶҲ̤¼һҲữ
ŷ֮ɷ³̵ԴԴϵ³Ѿɱֲۣ˭
𣡽Ϲžᣬ㲻вףشһ
һħΪ׵ĴһϮɫ˶Դ˵װϤˡ
ߣȥүү¹ʲô
³ŭǰĴǰԷΪԼ߳һ磬ΣΪػżңʲô
ֻҪһڣͲȺ˶Ӵ¼Ұ벽˻Ϊػ¼ҡ
³̣
Ҫ³̣ˣκαһһħȥ·һʱ޷
ڰеĺ´˫һҲ顣
Ǹ˲ţҪΪһԱ󽫣Ȼ㲻ʶ࣬ұˣ
£´˫գɫĳӰг֣³ǰħսûв´ɱС
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һһκ³̵֣ɾ֮ңֻĿ³̱һһѵĺڽ̴塣
˵Ϲžںδ
´һ³̵ļϣᴩ³ҧһʶԽģ˻
ߣĶ档
ѪˮϵĴӿзӿһ³þ񵶴棬忿񵶵ϣѪ˳ŵڵϡ
¼ҵˣڱĩĵӡ
ǣҲҪվȺ˶ӿˡ
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ļߵ³ǰһҩУŽָЧ
Ժڽ֮ʱ˽ָΪ̤һµ̨ףһø
Ӧ˵ģָǵסѣ
㰡
㰡
Ľ˫ȭŽָһЩЧ³ˣһоˡ
ʱ³ֻоԼһƬѪɫĿռУһѵǰ
񵶣Ӳô
ѡе׵ˣοһ㣬׵
񵶵ص³̵Ķߣ³Ҳоʲôڲͣתš
ʲô
ǹԽѪҺܲϵţԺǿ޷ܡ
³̣ˣÿ궼أð
ӣҶˣ㻹Źô
񵶵³̻˫ۣһĨâ
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ѿ
ŵģȽȺħںˣ
³̵ĿӻϿģѾоԼڽ˫ۣȻͽĪĹϵ
Ȼ֪ôˣҪлл㡣
ûϵһ˵ȽȺ
³̸оȫ񵶣ǳħȺڣĵ֮ħɴ
ˬ
֪ΪΣ֮оܺԼͨһʹá
˿³ķУһЦҲõԼջ
ĩ߸ʱһʱ¾ۼһ֮ǰˣڵ˲Ǿ绹Ѿ̤һµ̨ס
׻˵úãԹԹг𱨳ܻŹȺ֡

1122 ϱ

1122 ϱ
ȱڱĩˡ
ǣ֣ǴӲɱ֮ˡ
ԽΪףĩ߸һſŷƥؼκεߡ
ħµһħӣȡ
ˣȻӾС
Ŀ˿ĩÿһˣеɱѾȻ
³̣κȣ˵Ȼ׽еɱʲô˼
˺ûгԹʮħĿЩɥ
³һֻߵӰһԾ
кһǰǱŻ˽࣬ʱʮֻ
Ͻ򿪣׵壬аȥ
ٿ߾ֳ񵶵³Ž
̤ǽκȶں󷽻ɱħ
˲תΪħ̫һ˫˫ںڰв׽˺´ڵλãûһѳ´ս
߸˸Էֹ໥޷죬һʱ䣬ԭڳѹ״̬ħɢ
һһص֮䣬صħʬɢڸŨҵѪζ
û뵽ɣû뵽Ļл࣡
³һķУ֮
ӣҴ࣡
ȣҶ˴Ҳ࣡
ԣ
յ
³̶໥ϣԱƱ
κһٿ߰ɫĶдһٿ߾Ҳħ
Ժֱӳ·ȡʱ䡣
µʱħϸΣһˣǱĩ˱Ȼһȥ
кһ÷ĺ´ȫסһ㣬ᣬһɫĳĲס˺´֮Ʒ뽣
һŻûľ´ദ
´ŵĵͷ͸ת˲任ɺɢ֮䡣
Ϊ׵ĺ´ˣϺзǲһ
ħûκ֮ģ߾֮ħǷմ
ɢϢζѪ֮һŻ
ž
һ𣬻ߵ³ǰݺݵһƴ³̵ϡ
̵ġ
ӡ
һƵ³Щ±ƣŻеĵ֮⣬һӣؽڻУɻȭߡ
¼ұħĻˡ
³ҲΪ˼øõ񵶵ϿɣҵõһٿطȻֻĽ׶Ρ
ףĸף
³̵ĸĸˣصˣӲҧٳŻħ顣
齻Ǳˣλˡ
ǰ³̵ĸ
ǾˣҺ³ˣԺ˵ˡ
³̵ĸԽԽϲҶеô᲻֪
һ鹢ֱĶÿÿصҶ߶Ż֣ǰһ˵еĻһиǻϲ
Ȳ裡
úúãϱҲ̫ˣɶ¶ͽСӾˡ
žһ³̵ֱ̧һƺݺݵش³̸׵Դϣٶͺͻ³һӣң³̸׵ıҲһģһ
ǸӶˣ
³̸һϱû˲ոմ³̲ĿŰϵײˡ
˵ɶײˣְˡ
ӣӰ˻Ϊ㡣
³̸һӣתͷֺõĿԼӡ
ĪҪˣ׶ŭȺȲҪȻͲƯˡ
³̸һϴ̬ʮֳϿҵı飬һԳŹӺŲĽĵ³ԸŴ˭ˡ
ҸҴģͲĸڿһ̾׼Ƹ񡣡
ǵĿŹӣǿ϶˵һ
˭İⶼʵô㿴³˵ʱı飬޲ú³һѳ顣
豭ǳһвżЦ⡣
Ե˵ͷͬ˵
Ҳ֪³ĸôֱ˻źðײˡ
ȻƢһЩΪ˹ֱŮкܡ
ôôϲԣ²ĸ˵ûҹţһʱ䣬һڻϡ
ĵĻԺҡҡͷ
²ĸӦòôżɣȻ˵³̺ͻһһ⡣
ΣϼӲͣ˵Ļ֮еĻǡ
ľͶģҪ˵Ļÿһӣȣվ˭ߡ
κվأվڽǱء
ӹɣκȵȻվڽˡ
վĽߡ
Լ˽ض³ĸ׺ͻѿ³̵ĸ׶ԻϲԼĶӻҪס
ۿһʱ쵽ˣ³ĸ׻ûаϵӽ˼Ӯˡ
ȿȣ²ĸϵӺܺÿǴδϱİɡ
СѾͷãĸҲûʲô͸ģ
ôһ˵³ĸ׺˲ʲôһ㣬ժŻֱҪϡ
ĸʹã͸¼δϱģҺ³ûʲôģûʲô
ô˵ͼˣǸɵϲ˭Ļ֪ôɵСÿλؼҶ֣ҿɴûǰĸŮӵء
ңûУ
³̱Լĸ׽˵׶һºŻű粵š
˶ӣĻ˵оУϹƱƸʲô
³̸׼Լӵ̬ȣһɤӺ˳ͻȻĻŵĽļһ顣
ǴɤĴ
ɻٰƴǣ²ĸǰѴ¼Ů˵ӽ˻
ĸͰɵӽˣȻƢԸ񲻺ȱҲ࣬ĵ
ĸ
ףˣϱлл
Լ¼Ů˵˻³Ҳʲôˡ
ϲǰ֪ܾŮӺرΪֹرˡ
һĴҹһ˷У֮Ϊס쳣ˬ
ϱ
ڽϱֺߣ̧ű³̵ϡ
ٸһ
ιҴôоͲУҰϣ
³ܣ׷תۼ˾ûӰˣҲ֪⻹ɵġ
ĸ⣬ϰ߾ͺãϰ߾ͺá
ֳ棬ϰΪˣһ첻³ǵûڡ
Ȼ˵ĩļϰֳ棬һŵ³̸ȴοмűˡ
ˣ
¼˵ˣעҪϱ
ÿÿ뵽˴ҲΨһǰܻеʹˡ
ĸһһʡ
˵Ҳ˵ЦҲЦˣĵĿ¼ҷ޶ϡ

1123 Ϲž

1123  Ϲž
Ϲžɡ
²Ȼ֪Ҫʵʲô顣
ΪһֱȥֱȺħĻǣ޶ҲˣϹžҲȥˡ
Ǹ
³̸ʾ⽪ĵ˸ȥԺںԺʮصĵطһңҵڴһͭʯͭʯŵ˫ϵѪΧڴĽɢ
ǿĽ磡
̤Ժʱ˭ҲûвĴڣ³̸׽⿪һ˲䣬ĲŲ
һʯݣٽףһںĻ³ǰţֱһʯҡ
ʯҵΧһʯʯϿ̻ŷ䣬ʧһ˲䣬Ǵʯɢġ
ʲô
öǰһʮֲףǽһʵҲʵĴʱ˿̵С
ΪͨʯңǣһʯϿ̻ŵķޱȵǿǿǸоϢ
ˣʮʯϣǷ˵һ£ŷ䣬ָֻǰͨ
ֲǿأδֵ֪֯ÿһ˵ĵס
ʮʯ̨ϹľôǱϹžᡣ
¼Ϊܵ飬ҲʮΪܵ飬ҲҪػϹžᡣ
ʱƣʮ峤ΪΪϹž᲻񻰹веĴڣڣħĳǰһ̣ˣǵĿ̫ڶǳֻԼÿĶЩδӴȻѡ
Ϲžô
Ļǰʯż̨ϰ˯ŵİɫᣬɢ΢âİɫᡣ
׼ȷ˵Ϲžһ֣ʮ֮һĲ֣ҲϵµİΣ
³̵ĸ׸˽ŹϹžϸ飬Щǽĵ˴δġ
ϹʱȺ쳣ǿ壬ħ壬廹壬ȵȵȵȣʱڽ綼ӵġ
һվɱˣħչһǰδеĴս
ս֮ãͿֲ֪̿˶꣬һǿƳϹЩϹѹסħħбϹžᡣ
Ļ£Ϊ˲޹ܵħļ̤Ϲžе䷨Сֿ䷨Ϲž֮С
Ҳͬʱ˵Ϲħ޷ӡС
˵ֻҪõϹžᣬͬӵ˴ڸԿףˣܲٿطӡϹžеħޡ
ĻʮħҲᶯôħ̤˽磬ʮϹžᣬΪʮϹžƴһʱ˻򳪳ǿϹħ·ӡʮ˲֮С
³̵ĸ׽ϹžһУ㿴ҿá
ڽĵ˵񻰹ве飬ȴеİڷǰǲҲʵԡ
˵ϹžΪʮݣ
ˣʮһݣڱ֡
²̾һԼѪһε뵽ʯУӼ̨ȡϹžύ˽ġ
ħϮ¼һϹžᣬ䱻ħȥڱܡ
³̸˴㣬һħ̤ƽĽ㹥żҵһߣϹžᡣ
Ϊ¼ҵˣҲҪħΪĺá
ӻˣڵҲˣţǻúõıϹžᡣ

ԣѰˣҲգһ۾γֵĶħǲӦԵĴڡ
³̵ĸѾ˵ĺˣĿеϹžͷ˽ָұܣȻصڵʱ򽻸
ӵؽѳʱ򣬺һʧȥϹžĵؽˡ
ҹɫĻǣΪħֵԭĻѾûжˣ㻹ҴߣҲֻ֣֮ܶڼϲԱӡ
ģκһŽʱ䷢飬ʱһɫħȻڰУŶ죬ʮħŮһγǰ
Ǿãƾ߸˵ƥʮħ֮κһħô
ȵĺܣһ¶ȵĻ˸ܲκεС
̧ͷͻȻֵȡ
Ůҳһܴܲк
ܡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһӣ˶ǰɢĳŲ˫׼ȷĲ׽˽ڵλá
ҴδأǸѾħΧˣڻȥĻüڡ
㵽ʲôĿġ
ȳֿһĶһһҪ˵ĿΪΡ
Ǹܵ˽еĽ䱸⣬ЦصҹɫУ˺ë
˵Ŀǰ˵Ҷûκζ⣬ֻҪôЩѡ
ȶԣڵĽѾǰǿ
뿴ѾʧȥתֻسΪ˵ĽĻôӦһһ鷳飬УϹħʧȥһݼ䣬ΪλʧڽĵĿС
ߣǸ˻ô
һЩȱ˷ܵĺܣڴ
ȻϢѾ͵ˣҲͲ˷ʱˣԽȥ˱ԽŶ
£ʱһȥʱҲʧӰ١
˭
³κȺͻûȣĻ³һ˵ʮħ֡
СҲʮħ֮һŲ񰡡
Щ鲻ֱܽͨۿжϣһ㲻˵ġ
һ³̣ʲôȵŮĿΪΣղ˵һ仰ħѾΧڡ
ڱչأǰɽսҲǼħڵĻҩҩүүΣˡ
³̣ޱȸ״Ǳǻڣ·˵
á
ĵڵķ𷢣³ں͸ĸǱ֮׷˽һˡ
ģҵ˵ˣж־ķҪҷſֽȥ£
³̵ĸĸöô룬˭Ҳұ֤ħ᲻һ̤Ļǣ̤¼ҡ
ϹžѾڣΨһĵľֻ³ˡ
ɿ³̵ĳɳ޶˷ġ
һһ·߲ǰڡ
صѾ֮飬ԶԶؿȥڱ㱻һƬɫУѪζɽ
ҩүү
κȺֱҩǰУһ·նɱħڸϵҩ塣
ͷӣϹžᣡ
ߣ浱Ϸʹô
һҩеĹڵϣһ˲䣬µĴظֳһââγһ󷨣źصҹɫУǴеħǱ
ۡ
󷨹âʢ֮ʣҩһѪӿκȶ˼ǰ֧ҩ

1124 ųħ

1124 ųħ
ʦ
ʦ
ȣģ
ҩųǰ߸Ůˮ
ʣµľͽˣϷ̫ˣҪϢһᣡ
Դħڵ⼸ҩһ֮ػҩ壬Ҳ֪ʲôʱֻӲİš
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κȽһҩҩҩʱҩһ
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κĵҩõߵ߹ԼĴӶ֮ĸҩݣԲŻĹЧ
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ŮǾԲǵġ
ңƽԽ˳ŮԽǿֲ
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еʲôʱҵģ
ܸӦ֮ɢһħ֮ʥ֮׺˵ǽ֮
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ԭɫʱ˿̱һɫħڰ׷
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ûܾңûˣ
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Ϊʦûˣ·ϵѪųģ
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һ㶣ȷûŷģüͷ
ųôˣ
ҩκҽų磬ŲȫѪų磬κȵֶŵĲӡ
ȣֹѪҩ
ˣ
κȵҲŵĺܣҩ̾һ
ģΪʦһ
ţ
κԾۼ˾ҩųϵ˿ڡ
⣬մȾѪ·һ۱Ѫʴ˵šŽüһ⡣
յ˵ų׷ħҲܰ˳ӡ
Ѫǲе̫ˣų絽׷ʲô顣
Ҳǲף׸ų׷Ǵǿųʣ㲻ͨ飬ҲҲϰ׷ļذΪλ˵˵زΣ
ΪʦҲǴӶ֮ʱ֪żҷ飬ųΪ˱ųɡħˣ
ʲôħܰɣ
ųħϢ֮ʱ˶ԼĶ䡣
뿪ڵʱСЦı̫Ҫãôٴȴħˡ

1125 оǲ

1125 оǲ
ųܲãҩųʱǽüͷ
⣬ļڳϣ紵ŴӷƮɢѪζڱǻУĿڻϣü΢΢š
ⶼȥһʱˣų粻ô˰ɡ
ƽ漸ȻһܣųˣҲǵơ
ӦòᣬҩүүҽɲǸǵģ
һʱȥˣҲҩκȴӷг֪ųжôء
˵ųһĶħô죿
˵Ļһʮص⡣
ų磬ΪɵĵӣΪΣħΪּػһƽ
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ԲᣬųСȻƽûʲôУԲΪħˡ
ֻϣˡ
һʱ䣬ֱɫ֮ʣҩų
ȫǶմȾѪѪζڸסҩ㲵ĺܡ
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ʱˡ
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ʣµ齻ǰɣҩүүȥϢһ£
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˽뷿䣬ŲɫҰײҰͬһŰֽų磬Ҫ΢΢ĺȣ˻Ϊڴϵһֽˡ
κųߣвѪ˿
ȣɣȥϢϢ
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κҡҡͷ̨ϣһ˫ֵҩȻҪιųҩʱ򣬽һЩˤ
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ô
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ʵϣҪǿصĶࡣ
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ʱµʱһ̤壬ʱѾǰ˲żüõļҵȵϰĳ֮ڵ˥ܣżڵӳҲСħһ롣
ЦĿһƽҫؼʱȴСġšǣĽݣ鿴Źڶħ顣
һϰڷŸָ鼮ڣмһħһЩ鼮
鼮ϼţиҽ߳˽ħߴħ˻ǹʮΣգŪõĻǶħ֮ˣʩҽ߶ᱻħ֮С
鼮ϼ䷨ֽʽ䷨ͷ
ʱѾˣ˸ո𴲵ҩ
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İ峭䷨ͷҩ
ҩֽϻķ䣬ôһ¶
СѾͷ󷨽ųħôΣյġ
ҲҩүүǼ٣ڵҽʩ䷨˻𣬵ʱô
˷ǺãǻҪ֤֤ʱǷʵҪȻֻƾ鱾дݾóóȻʩ˭֪ʲô
ϷҲڳһȷȷʵʵĽħڵ˻ʩҲе˾޴ĺ
һĻҩ΢΢̾һͽ˵дӵĲǱˣʦҲڵһҽߡ
ҩүүʦһǳȻˣҾͷˡ
ţСѾͷô˵껰ء
ҩ֣ûŽĵԿǡ
ʱʦȷȷʵʵǽڵĵӴħ˻ҲΪˣʦҲմȾħڰһɢò
ң˵ħȾһζǶʦ˵
Դİʮ֮ҲûʦӰ
˵ʦڶ֮ȥȥ˿֮ʱ䣬ҲûκϢˡ
䷨Ҫʩߺͱʩ߹еΣգǰųħ˻ʩзҲᱻħȾЦѣ
ҩ⽪ģҪ׵ĳԣġ
ųȻڵĵӣҲų統ԼİͽԴΪųһˣҩκһӴȥԲԡ
ٺ٣֪ҩүүҾԲ
ҩүүô˵Ҳͷ
ŽϵЦݣҩǲģУ϶úõ˵һ˵ԲȺС
һߣĻص˷䣬չųߡ
һκԡ
Ե㶫ůůθôȥĻܲסġ
ãлл
κȶ룬һһ׵ĳ࣬ͬһ㡣
ȵ˿֪Ͷų綯ģųˣȲ߲ݵչţĩĺðײվǱųֻˡ
Ǽ
֣³̣Ժͻ˾˹
ɶ¶صġ
ҵҽųķҪǼϡ
İдݺҩүү˵˵һ飬һ·ԡ

1126 ʲôʲô

1126 ʲôʲô
˵ķԼΪҽߣʩչųħ֮
ǣһڣ⵽˵ķԡ
ͬ⣬ıãǲΪųգ
ų磬ڴϵеκһˣҲԲýİΣյİ취ħ
ȥʮյĴڡ
ħ磬ҵħеָ꣬ص
Բԣ
ǿ׼κ飬ǣһغȫһУԲԣ
ɽô˵˾ǲͬʩչų硣
Ľ㣬Ҳͬ⡣
֪ʱκߵ˽ߣһĨɣЦݸС
κΪ˲ýʩչд䷨ֽö˹ԼĻС
ģ׼Ҳ׼ȥ飬ǻ취ųħл
֪ˣ׼Ͳ׼ȥұİ취˰ɡ
ʮּ̬ȣʼ磬ʾԼжȫıˡ
Ȼӽųħֻлصҷˡ
·ҩҩ¿Žģ֪׼ô˵ȷˣǼСҲֹĵġ
զˣ˰ɣ
һֻҪ̾һ־ҩĺӡ
ҩүүͱҵЦˣҪʱĻȥһҷӰɡ
ǿץŵҩӲıݡ
۸ϷʹˣҪǷһǰϷⱩƢ㾾źӡ
ûҩվԱϸϸѰİ취
Ǽʱʱ䶼ȥˣֱڰڣһһСҲûҵķӡ
ѵ˵ֻǸ취ǿеģ
ֻһ취Ҳ׼룬ħһΣյ飬һħȾ߽ٲĺ
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ÿÿ뵽ˣҩĶؾһһԸһյĶͽܣԼһҽͽǡ
ԸѾʵˣκǿԼ̳²ѡ
ڶԸҵʦ֮ǰ֪ʦţһҲͱԸˡ
ĺҩݲûҵķ
ģҩүү
һ߿ľţнöĵ
ôˡʲô¶ˣ
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վ֮⣬³üͷȻҪúõؽһκȣҪκȴħл
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ģȺų齻ңʣµľͰˡ
á
˭Ҳ֪ħ᲻ڣȵ̤ħ磬⻼ҲֻнϣڽģҲҪš
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첻ˣںӶ԰κȵӰֻ߱ʮֻħΧš
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ųʲôط
κȱĿ⿴ħûκ
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˫κ֣ݺݵΨһҴħħ־ţ˵Լ֪ʲôų绹ġ
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ȣ
һκ࣬κȵļϡ
ųһƽµģסų磬ħȾ꣬κ˶޷뿪ħ硣
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κȻعųǰĽģеˮһ˲̡
Ľ㣬˺þöҲų磬ôô죡
ģһһҵų꣬Ҫұ֤ԲħȾ֪꣬ô
κȷ©ɱж˺ɫȫΪȵ걻ħȾǱųģͻᱻħʴ
ƽľýָĻħ
ԴӴϽָһ˲䣬ָǵϵһ𣬷ԣ³̺ĸҲԡø
ڽĵİ£κ³һһɫĹâħȾĶҲָ˱ɫʡ
Ľ㣬Ҵˣ
֪˾ͺãȻȥںˣ
һκȵԿϣʾųͷ
Ȼħ磬Ҫųȥ
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ǡ
ǳõĽչ
ħǰһʱһ˶ʯ˶ǰ
Ľ㣬ڤЩϤҲħô
ʲôʲôǱħֲĵطųǶħΪʲôҪ鵽ڤ⹷
Ȼ鷳ѾڤˣҲֻҵų֮
ߣȻڤзӡ½ô˵Ҳڤҹĵ̰ɡ
׵һҪҵųꡣ

1127 ׵Ĺ

1127 ׵Ĺ
ڤֻڹеĵضеĳڽǰ
Ҳ֪ǰǷų⹷ǮҪڤ
֮һҪţĻرԼ
ĺκѾħ硭ԣڤյʱ䣬ΪнָΪڤеħǷ
Ľ㣬ǽȥ
ɭ֣ҸղŴһ£Ƕڤ궼ǻɭ֮С
ڤıԵشҪǰɭҪµ·̣Ȼ˵нָɶ˱Ͼ״̬뿪̫û鷳
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˵ڤܴʮݻҪĶ࣬Ÿ磬еħʵǿĴڡ
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һ仰˵ס
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ĴլУ˹⣬Գǵĸ̣ҲڤĹҩ̡
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һڲˮδʣŵĽˮȫ˳

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˻֣ʾеȫ뿪
֪ôôȻ괳ڤΪڤĵضô
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ıǾţֲãֲĵʱ˻ɭ棬СѾͷǴɭɭ֡
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мŭ⣬治֪СѾͷʲôıӵȻ̬Ӳɭ֡
ԭôԭҾ˵ôôҲ޷ɭ֣
ԭˣԭɭֵҪôڤ֮ˣҪôǱѾұħȾ꣬Ƕ˶꣬ɭֵĽ統Ȼ׼̤С
ҲΪǶ˵ãûбɭֵĽ
˺ˣ׼ֱһӣʲô벻ͨšüͷ
ǵ÷ģļǵá
ĲǷĵŮ˼Ӷʮơ
ҪʲôˣҪȥɭһЩҩݣ˳һǸˡ
ô̫лˣ
ĽųòϢǴ˴ǰڤɭֱѰų硣
˵ͷųһϢ
꣬ǧ򲻿߶Ǳڤе˷ֵĻ룬㣬Ӧ֪׵ڤЩ顣
رѽҪעݣĳúͷʮƣǼڤɵǿɽһ춯ء
Ȼ˵ħѾΪ˹ȥʽħţ½ҲĽİݴڤС
ˣŴԣϹħҲڤ
֪ˣǲߵģ
ı֤ǻᰲֵַڸϵϢԲĴߡ
ڤʼǻҰһƬûкûаգеֻޱ޾Ļɫ
ĸۡϢĽĵ˰ԺУһЩ鼮Щ鼮ϼôħһЩӡ
ȣżһҵųꡣ
ţţ
֮⣬Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
ΪԼçײΪеǸҲĽ˽
ֻҵų꣬ص֮۶ôĳͷĸԸĽܣԹԡ
أأ
ʱһ𣬰Ŵҵصڶ˶ߡ
ĺκȻ࿴˱˴һۣѰˤ˸ϵǰԺ

1128 ħ̫

1128 ħ̫
žһɷĺһƴ˵ϣһ˲䣬ʺָӡ
ǺǣڣãӾ֪ĺ
˺һĴ˺ӵ·
ţɽСӰǴ󺺵Ķ֣ۿžҪ裬һ죬ĳһԵĵӺݺݵ˴󺺵Դ
󺺱ͻȻɹĵҵðǣѪԴԴϵĴӶͷ
κȳô˻ὫӴӴ˵оϵ·ϡ
ǸˣƯΪмĸһ֣ѵʱӾ΢չš
Լ˫ִƴһɼĴѰԼľˣĴֵ֪Ů۶
Ϊ˱飬ҲΪչ˻۶Ƕĥл۶âһָ·Ѱ֮ãҵ˻۶Ҳڵӡ
κȰοӵһĨŭ֮ŭǴ󺺡
ʲôˡ
ĽŲԾţɼжôĺݡ
ʲôܲţǰ۸ˣͱ뿪š
ǳл⻹ʲôֻҪһ죬Ͳ׼۸ӡ
ԴǰɭѰų꣬û뵽˱ɵĳڸۡ¶
Ȼ֪ǺˣɿƣҲһЩ顣
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ʾµĴһϣѽĺκȴһҵķӶˣҪ֪Ե³
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Լһڴȫ𣬽֣عͷκһ㶨
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ڤĿΪѰų꣬˶ѣ鷳һ顣
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ģ۶̻˰
ټЦݸڴǣκ̧ӵ֣ýҲһ¡
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۶ˣ˵ʲô
ָָĶӣиƣ߻۶ˡ
ڵ֪ԼеϢЦˮϵӿ֡
ڸϵʱ䣬չ˻۶̵ξ˽ĺκȵϡ
۶̣ҩš
Ķһҩǰ㱻κȸҽҩŵһԵĻС
ҩűڻеʱǻеĻ侹Ȼֳ˿ήͷ
Ľ㡭Ǵû۶жô
ҾҵջǿԵģɫͦİ
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Ľ㣬ֻҪ㲻³ɶ¶˵
κ̾һڣĽĳգݶԡ
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۶̣˰ɣкô
ȻӶ˵ܶڹԼһĨܰЦ⸡ڴǣҩŽȥ
ʱ֮ʹȥ˻ˣֻȥʱǶʮˣ֮ʱֻʣˡ
ˣڣȫ¶ˡ
壬ôˣ
һᣡ
Ŵ˳ϣˮŻ
ĺκȵڣĿҲҿ
ˣҵǼųֻ꣬ѾħĿǼܵÿ죬ҲҪɱˣ
˵ɭз顣
ѰŽòѰεɭеųꡣ
һ֮ҵų磬ֻȴ˵Ĳͬ˫ĿһǱŨҵɱ⡣
ܵÿ죬ɭһűħȾ޷룬ҲҪʬˡ
ôܡ壬˵ųôˣ
Ӧ걻ħȾ̫ʶģǵѣ
ЩҪ˼ֻһųûˣǴɭ֣ڱħʴ̫ԵʣصҲħһֻɱ¾ħڤеһħΪµĴڡ
壬ûа취ǽɭ֣ұҪų
κȽ˫ȭŵֲòʵ
̾һ˿κȣų˶СѾͷ˵һǼΪҪˡ
ҲΪ˽İݲһеǰ麣
˰ˣҪųֽ꣬׶ε
֪Լô˵Ҳ޷ֹСѾͷȥðգˣ˵ķӣŽĺκȶ˵ԡ˵ΪصҲΪ⡣
һ꣬ɭҪᣬֻжѹסϢ֮Ľ޷ʶǵĴڡ
ڶҪ㣬ų걻ħȾֵңߡ
ųɭ֣Ҫǧƿװꡣ
ΪҪ⣬ö˽ɭֵıƷųʧȥԵҪ֮ҪűħȾ뿪ɭ֣Ҫõǧƿ
壬֪ҵ
һƷҪķѴĽȥ㻹ãصǧƿҡ
뽫е鶼뽪κ˵ס
ųߣͬʱĶ顣
һ仰˵һ˽ɭ֮󣬻Ըָͻ״
л壬һƷʲôط
֪ôɭֽųҵ֮ڿҲ١
²˳٣ĺκ׼ǰһƷ󣬲뿪֮ǰǽҵ˵£ҽݶ̻еϢҲ
壬ˡ
һҪСģĪɴ⣬עǵ򲻿ɱ¶
һһεŽĺκһҪغԼݣڤ֮Уݻǿȥһݱ¶ǽķħۼ

1129 һƷ

1129 һƷ
ڤᱻԵͷʣοˡ
ĺκȴǱ֮󣬱ǰ˵һƷȥѰҶǧƿֶ
Ͼ̫꣬ߵֻôһŮӵݡ
ΪнָڵϢ˵ڤ˭֪ϵһǲ֮Ĵڣ˵Ǿ仰СΪȽϺá
һƷλڤ֮һ֮УڤΪС
˽ĺУڤһƷֻҪǮΪΪŶҪһж
һϮµĴ磬˸ӱ˰һЩ֮⣬û̫ĳ롣
ĺκ˲ǣڤ֮һʲôʲôϽĵط
ǵ˵ֻʱżôģеһЩȫˡ
Ľ㣬˸оʮֲ
ֹǲΪ취Ѱų뿪ɭֵĶŲǣ̤ڤ
֪ųħ֮ôڤط
Űɣ
֮⣬Ҳûбİ취ˡ
ڤԳһɵϢΪ»ʲôΪҪĻǿʵ˵
ʵΪϱǮԻǮӶǿħԼİȫǮʵĻǾͿڤ֮кߡ
֪ų統ʱôħģ
벻ף˵ڤǽħĵطѪħķ˴ʱƻôȫΪľ뿪ڤ
ʵϣǰ׺͵ϡ
ǰһƷˡ
̧ͷųڲԶ˶ӣҪĺɫñãκȳһƷȥ
ʱǽֵϣһͣ˽ŲŸոսһƷĶˣΪ׵Ǹӣܾ
Ӧòɣôˣôصڤ
һƷ㣬ÿһĿռ˶ޱȡ
ֻҪǮͿκҪĶûУֻҪ㹻ǮƣһƷ˾Իڰµʱͻš
λСӣʲôҪô
һƷȻҲʮֿ̣ڿһ㣬Ȼ볡ѣһƽ
ƽĽĶڵѪǿƽ𰡣ٺóԵġ
ҧ̧ͷָָ¥ķ䣬һƷСʲô˼
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֪λСһƷҪһЩʲô
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˵ţһӣһӵĻƽյ۾ҪϹˡ
С˵ʱһ£Ȼ˵һƷȱ٣һҪ֮١
ӲӵĻƽǰһ̣СԺеĳ˲ɢ
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ϵĻƽС뿪ż䣬Űʱ֮󣬵Сһλʱ򣬷ԸŮ뷿䡣
ŮÿŮж̣һСƿװŵģڶһ㣬Ǻƽ廨Ļƿࡣ
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ֶһӦȫŮǽ̷׷׷ϣת뿪˷䣬ֻСһдŽĶˡ
Сһ鲻⣬⵱ȻҲһƷĹأλСӼ¡
˵ɣʲô顣
ĽװŶƿӣǧƿСıãʾСʲôʡ
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С˼Ȼס
֪ˣһƷûаϵ˴ӱõĻ
лСӡ
Сһôһ˵Ҳͷġ
ħɲǺǵǽϣֹǰɭȥ׽꣬ǱץסĻСѱ
ȻõԼҪĶĺκ׼ȥڴʱһƷһ¥ʦ˶˵ע
Īϲݣû˳۸ߵģҪû˳ߵļ۸ĻĪϲݾүˣ
ţҳ˫ļ۸񣡡
Īϲݼ˵ʱ򣬽ĿڴʦµĴӣ˫ļ۸Īϲݡ
ѧҽ˵ĪϲֱּǴ˵веĲҩ
ô˵ɣʲôǧ˲ǧѩĹȻ󣬵ĪϲǰͺһСײһ΢
Īϲݾ൱ʯ裬Ҫ֪ôһʯĵҩڽָİػһ˸ߵΪ
ΣҲҪĪϲݡ
κˣĿĺܼ򵥣Ϊų硣
˵ų걻ɭУһ걻ǣصʵΪһǿղѰɣټ׷ûǿ֧ŵغܻܿᱻ׷ɣ˵Īϲݾ㾡ҲҪõ֡
СӣҸүĪϲݡ
ҪĪϲݣ۱ǡ
ñ֮£ĵ쳣ûκεС
ʱʦڻգһƷ˵ܶԷ˭ֻҪܳ۸񣬸߼ߵá
үһƷĹزܻô
ΪʲôӾͲСóǮһǧ
΢ֵ˿˼룬ԭԵֵĪϲӲǷһ
һǧһʮ
үļ֮ʮ
Сӣң
ûã˵㲻ϲ͡
ôүͷĴߴϽмۣǲм۵ĻĪϲҪˡ
ãܺãӵҪȥǧ
үгǧļ۸
ǧһʮ
ԭļ۸֮ϣʮ۸
үг˶Ǯүļ۸ϼʮ
۸ѾһֲĽ׶ΣĪϲϡޱȣǧļ۸ӡ֤ҩݵĺԡ
ǣڵļ۸ǲе̫Ʈˣ
үû˵ڽмȥԼһ˴ŵӲ㹻֧Žмۡ
һ


£ʦеĴ
СӣСǰ̨ȡ
ȡ˵úʵϾǽǮһֽǮһû
κȶһƷĺ̨ŮųһУʲôòˮźǽһܵ
СӣĪϲݣ
ʦ˽Īϲ͵˽ǰޱȵСУһɫСݰİڷС

1130 Ҵؼ

1130 Ҵؼ
ĪϲŲʯĹЧؾ
˵ʯڽĻĪϲݱľ
Ҳκ룬ضǹغų硣
ųص֮Ϊвԭ޷ס׷ǷɵĻĪϲݿԲ֮յΪҲʱԵѹס׷
Сӣһǧѩ
ûУ
˰Ҳûз߹İһ˲䣬ʦɫ
СڿЦô
˰ôʵʡ
ĵľٶǵһƷʮֲˬǿĵ仰ϷŪˡ
Сӣ֪թȡһƷĺʲôô
֪
ҡҡͷһĨЦ⹴ڴ֮ϣЩ˰
Ȼûалƽ𣬲֪У
һӣһصĻƽǰλνӲӵĹâ˫ۡ
ֻʦת˲Ц档
СǺˬûаƽĻȻҲˣĪϲ͸СӣǼһ
װþµĪϲ͵˽УһӣĪϲݽ˽ָС
Сӣ֪λסСǻȥ
ֻҪǮǵҲȻҪܵǡ
СܳôǮȻǴҴڵӵܣղһ˲˵ע⡣
˶СӲʱҪǣһƷͷϣ˵Ӳ磬Ҳһ鷳顣
ˣȺݰС
ЦҪȥɭ壬Խ֪Խá
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Ҳǵӷˣ˶ҹ컯֮ڴϡ
үĿĴţûӽпĪϲݡ
СӣĪϲݣ㲻ҪȻͱӰʬΡ
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Ҳû飬һһƬˣԭʢүѾ̱ڵŵĶ˿ӡ

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ЩǱŵô
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κȣ
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κ֣㿴ųȿһֽץסκȵĲӡ
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ļװǰųޱȾ޴󣬼ǽҲ޷κȴųоȳ
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ǰ棬κȸų
˵һ㲻ų꣬Ҳͬʱɭе꣬ԽԽԶԶľۼڽκߣһǿѹ֮ǵصϮ
ֻԼƺһ˫ֽţֻҪ˫һ࣬ɫɷ׵κˡ
ȣ
Ľ㣬û£
κҡҡͷԾػų󣬾ڽĵĽŲ
ɭĵʱֻһʱ֮ã뿪ɭȴķ˽ʮʱ䡣
ЧԽԽĽ㣬ң
ȳȥҵΪߣӦǿѹ
ʾκȳȥǶЧɢҲɭ֮У˶Уһƽµ뿪ѵѡȻκȡ
˭֪ڶ˼ɭֱԵʱκȺȻǰ˽е㣬þȫѽƳɭ֡
ȣ
Ĳų꣬ųƵѹѹһƬ
Ľ㣬ǧƿ
ƳĽĲκεĳɣͳӸκȡ
κȽǧƿƿ׼ų磬ǧƿų꣬Ϊ˱֤ǧƿֻųһ˵꣬ҪϨ
һ˲䣬Ƶ˫ۣڵͫɢǵħ
ųףħʴŵš
ų磬ȣȣ㣬ߺòã
ǿѹѹţһѪл䣬ų֡
һ˲䣬ųԭأݵػָ
ų磬ȣؼңǻؼҺòã
ؼңȡ
ųĿǰκȣ֪ΪΣųֻһɫԸǧƿУʱЧѾӵ
ĳɭУһץסκȣһ̽κȴɭ˳

ȻڤĿŵ˼㣬ɶ˻Ǵڴڵĺſ
κȣһȽˣȻȥ֮һ㡣
ãһ㣡
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ쵽۵ףκȵЦĴһ㡣
ͨһκ˵ϣҰգرŻеǧƿ
ãͺã
ĵӹģȻڱƤӵ²׽ꡣ
ڶһڵʱһ𣬻صڽĵĶߡ
Ƚĺκκεֿ㱻һŽʵʵС
ȥΡ
ǣ
մɭ뿪Ľκȱ˼Ѻ£˱ӽС
ڣǧƿ˽ָУŲһС

1131 ֳƢ

1131 ֳƢ
ǣΡ
ϺǣСﹻˮ۵ģֵҲþûˡ
ĺκȱץˣ˷׷״ѺǷ˵ηС
ϸƤСѾͷͬηĺŹˣһĦȭƵҪԶʩ
ٺ٣ӶѺ˶꣬ǼĸˣҪǲúõĹ񫣬ܶԵԼ
ǣȣСǳʣµľͿˣ
еĺ˫ðĹâһĺκ
ְյη֮У˵ŮˣĸѿǾɫŮӣܲһڴǴĵ
ſˮŰѽĺκô塣һŹ񫣬֪ΪʲôԭηС
˵ĺκҲǹùˣͨ籨ŵĲǱˣǱ˴˵үү˶Ķ֪Ҫǰɭ֣ϱ˲ǵĳ
Ľ㣬ǧƿû¶ɡ
ģǧƿû¶ҪȥĻܻе鷳
̾һȻ꣬Ϊ󷨵Եʣöʵ̬֮ڤС
뿪ɭ׼ǧƿ뿪ǣȴһ䷨ɣһʱ޷Ӧԣֻбץķݶ
ԣڲŻڲǵĴУǰʮĵˡ
ۿŴԽԽǰϵſˮ΢΢üͷվ̧űһ˴󺺵λ
һٶ֮֮ݣһűô󺺾˺
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ڻǵųſʳžɢħֳÿʮ¸ȴϡ
ҵǲ
ųɭеһУȻǵ뿪ڤ֮Ҫҽų硣
ųǵһҪҲΣյһںų类ħȾ꣬ųϵħ
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ţѾһһа취ģ
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ǿһηеĻңתʲôҲܲʡ
ʮһӵϣĺκ̸飬˵ʮֲˬ
һӣ콫˽زһĵڷҡš
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ļǵ˵еķڶ࣬ǷҲȻ಻ʤ
ȻһɫĳУǸڳϵȴʮֺ֮֮ǿޱȣҲΪˣܹȫƿء
ʵҲ֪ǲ֮뿪֮һЩ飬֮ʱ߶˶졣
κЦţЦļִݡ
ĸǴκеЦı仯
ȻǰĿкǻӣĳˣκħΧһ棬˵ɭһУӡ֤κȳɳࡣ
Ȼȥ֮ǰһ飬Ȼܲٿض죬˵Ҳ֮ʱרע֮С
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顪
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ڷϵһһһϴǿˣԴײǽ۵Ҫ
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ǣ
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ʱһ𣬽ĺκϤץǶ˵Ǹ˶ӡ
졣
죬Ůôٴγڤ
˵һǻصڽĶ˵Ķϡ
㿴վڴеǸŮӡ
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ôܣ
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ԣǷġ
ƿ϶ǰĳʮƵŮǷģŮ̫ˣֱһģӿ̻ġ
Ȼ䣬ĸоһɾ紵һ룬һ˶ǰһ
ȥ·ܲܳأ
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ŽϢ΢΢ɳƻǲֻɢϢ
ۣñӰ˳˧˵۹⻹һ۾Ϳꡣ
ǰΪ쳣ǿĴȼҲĶ֡
˵ûڤ֮ǲԻԿ϶˵ǰ˵ΪʦΪҪһ硣
ͷʲôϵ
ȻȷǰĲǷģľٶͷûʲô
ʶף˧壬Ī׵׷ô
գһ˫ųơ
׷ֵʱ򣬳ŽüŮֱǷĽģΪĿҪˡ
ǷĺͽİݵŮ
ţ˧ѽ׺͵ôȻѾͱôˣ
֣ζϵͼҲܱס
Ĺ⿪ǵ
ǣ
Ĺǰ⿪˿Žĺκȶ˵
˧ϣǺأȻ׺͵Ĺˣݸˡ
˵ţĻĸư˸꣬κתҪߣȴһȥ·
˭˵ǹʽ˵ҲȷʵЩԨԴǷģҲ䵽Ϊǳĵز
һĨЦбŷ쵽˴ǣֻһĨЦûκ¶ȣĽĶ˱ɭɭķ䣬״̬
˧壬׺͵֮飬ʱһûء
ô׻˵úãĸծŮֶŮô׳ծô
ЦŨңƸûзŽߵĴ㣬ſƷĵжȤζԽŨ
ȽĿڻػƵһ仰ǰͼˡ
ֻҪ½ĵŮ״̬ڤǸ˻ôء
硭壬ûǮóʳƢȱ㻹һѣʹ˴߰ɣ

1132 ̫

1132  ̫
½֣ˡ
ħ֪Լ״̬ڤĻһˡ
ĿĲУǾֻӲˡ
Ż㣬ʶڤҹǿеϹħĸҰǽȥڤҹԲŹġ
İͦأһķ˰ľŭųơ
ôϹħԶ콭ҹеҲҪյʱ䡣
ЦţǵЦƺƶ˽ʹʲôҲӲġ
׺͵ڤʲô飬׺͵һᡭ
ô㻹֪ǿŷһġ
۽˵ʲôҵһʵĵĻ
ļƵףʱ˿̵ĳֻһ뷨ˬ
Ľīѩƺڤ֮дһĺͽİݻֽ֮ǿһѡ
Ǽǵء
˽ĵŮʣֻص飬ôܶԵΪǵĳ
磬˵ɣ㵽ôܷǡ
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Ȼô˵һ飬ǰ˲ûдɱ˶ˣҪȻͶˣܺ˵ô
ȻˣǾͺðˡ
ǶҲǲԣ֪ǷǶ˱½֪ĻұȻ鷳ʲôôء
仰ĳ׵׵ķ
¶ͺ˵ˣСҪʲôϷɵĵܵˮеģֻҪеĿ㡣
֮⣬ƿܴܲӦһ¶ˡ
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Ϊɶ㲻ǺҪѪô
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ƲûҪһѪڵĸעˡ
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ɽ
һ£״ֻ̬еһνڤʱܽѪ㣬ҿԷԣΥԣƾá
ǽˮˣԶ˵żΪҪ塣
״̬ȡѪʮصӰ졣
ãһΣ˵ɣҪʵʲô顣
磬Ǻˣ
ôͨħǰĸųνħ걻Ⱦħ
ôһ˵Ҳ˶ǰɭֵĿΪΡ
ħΪλڤ
֪зô
ϻҪ֪ĻҲվǰˡ
ư˫һ۽ģ޳ڰлһ䣬˽С
ӡڶħ֮˵ദȣͦ˱ƽ£ͦɢ
ƽ뽪˵ףѾôûϵˡ
ס㷢µԣһڤҪѪ
ģҽľԲʳԵģǸС磬ؿǶ뿪ڤ˰ɡ
ĵļƻ°ԭ·أȻҪķѰµʱ䣬ڲˣר뿪
ƴһӣһɫڽĺκȵϣħֵĶֻо޷ͬһֻֻ˺Ŷ˵ꡣ
֪˶ãɲ֮䣬ֻһֱ꣬һڶ˵ϣҩķڣеĽĺκ͵˫ۣڴڵĺʵĿ
ˮ֮ˣ̰ȡſ


ҩүүĺȻˣ
žһ³һ仰£һƺݺݵش³̵Դϡ
᲻˵˵ϣȥˮ
Ŷ
˵³̹ԹԵĵˮ
ȫҽӲޱȣŲ豭ʮ˷
뿪ĺ֢ĺκ˵ģڤûܵ˺һʲôʧ˱Ҳ޷ص⡣֮С
һһޱһȻ࣬ιŽĺκȳ࣬ǻ˹
û¶ˣû¶ͺã
Žĺκȵ֣ϵĴŶ˵ģͼ˸ůһЩ
㡣
κȱ뿪л֪Ԫټݴһ仰ɾӡ
Ǻ֣
ҩ˷УеŭŭŶˡ
ٺ٣ʦҩүү
ٺʲôǿ֪ôĺϷѾľǱתСӾͱа˳ӲˣϷĻǲǡ
ҩŭͬʱĸ
ҩÿһӣĲһģǿʦҲ˷Ϊʧؼ䣬һǼꡣ
κȺͽĶʩ֮ʱҩŵЩȥ
ʦҩүүǴˣǱ֤ûһΡ
ʦҵĴĽȥڤҵġ
κȳееΣʩչħȥѰų꣬ĽΪ˾
ʲôĳͷһ˿ԲĽˡ
֪ˣҪʲôʧôǸĸ
ҩүүеĹڵϣ˵˵۾ͺ
κ֪ҩүүʵڵǣڤΣա
վһһδڵֻǿŽĺκȡ
ҩйԼʱ˿̵µġ
ʦҴˡ
ϢպΪʦҩǡ
һ۶ˣҩ뿪˷䡣
Ĳ۵׵ŭһٻãԽˣԽû׶
е֪ȻڤдСһµʱ䣬ʵŹȥ졣
ɲ׼ôȥˣʦҩүүΪػǶ˵壬ķΪȻʱ䣬һɢŸζʬˡ

ȺˣܰǻָһЩԪ
κȺͽʩ飬ҩŭҲ
ƽ»ˣи̿ô졣
ҵųô
ҵˣȽ鷳
Ŀ˿ֵķ䣬뿪֮ǰƻųħķ䡣
뿪ʱ˵Ļ
ǷĵŮе޳ܵķ緶
޳ܣ޳ˣ

1133 Ҳ

1133 Ҳ
뿪ĺ֢ǳĴ
ⶼʱȥˣĵ廹Ӳĺܣֽű䲻˵оԴԼġ
Ҳ֪ҩүүʦһֱ˵壬ʱ˿̣ѾΪʬˡ
ҹɫڣΧڷУκڴߣɫ԰׵ų硣
ʼɣ
ţ³̣ԣһ۷ʲô飬ĸһҪİѹų磬ԲԼ
ļǵó˵Ļɭ֮дųһ¶ħȾ˵°ųһ¶
ǧƿǧƿų壬ǧƿһֻ̣һɫϢųıǼѽ档
֮УųɫҲһĲҰܣҲΪڤǻ̫ãմȾħ
ȫȫصʱ֮ıħڿʼŷš
ڴϵų͵˫ֱۣͦͦվڽ׼ĵķųħһ˲䣬ų׵ˡ
ǽģԺ³ĸ˽һ˲䣬Ҳų׵ˡ
ôɣҲأ
ų类ħȾǵ˻ʲôֻһͷ
Ǳɱ
ų֮ԶħҪħ˲ǿԼַ֪̤ٲԨ֮УΪػżҽһЩˣΪ˲żҾҲΪ˸żȥ˸𣬼ԨҲȥ
ΪħųɱħҲΪħʱֹų磬ûų糹׵׵䵽ħ֮С
ҲΪˣĺκȶ˲Żڤɭ潫ųǧƿڣ뿪ڤ
񣬰ǰؼһýųߣýԷӡų֮еħ
ÿ
ʱ˽ɢǿϢǵصѹˣҲͬѹųħ
ų˫ֵۣ˭ǰһ̣һԾǰһǿ׵绯ɳ㳯˹ȥ
˿׵֮мźɫħû뵽ħȾų꣬Ҳ׷ħħ
ûվųһְ̣ѹųѨ֮ϡ
ģħ
ǣʦ
λᣬļǰӡе䷨ų࣬һ˲䣬ųбŷİ쳣ıˡ
ų磡
κȽ˫ȭкˮҷ񣬿ҲֻĿųž޴ʹࡣ
Ȼãųȫǣһȥħ
Īϲݣ
ĴκнӹĪϲݣɷ˵ųǿеĹȥ
һ˿ħųб뿪ųǽˮ޻˵ϡ
³̣ʣµͰˣ
ĴڴڵĴǳ䷨ųҪž޴ʹҲͬźκεķΪԼһ񣬵˲ĺ
һоա
ʦ

֪ˣʦ
ĸҩɽϣ¹⣬վǰǵӰΪԼçײΪǸ
ʦĴˣΪǵ³çҩүүˣԲһΣұ֤

֮̾һ
ڵ֪ĺκʩչħ֮ҩû۵ڶ˵ߡ
ʱĵеӵİΣ
һƽ£ӻˡ
ǰϷˣҲǱġ
Ц
ʦó꣬óþõġ
ƶ죬Ϊʦ˵˵ôųħоȻġ
ڿС˶ƽ֮Ҳһ˿˿ʡ
ҩʦҲʩչ󷨣Ȼ˵Ҳʱڵħ˻ԼǵҲħȾΪɢʧڣʧ֮䣬ֱ⼸ʱҲ֪
ӵİΣҩǵǣǶƽ֮Ҳˡ
Ͼҩʦǰ¶
ĺ˴ħѾһʱˣȴûаֱħȾ
ĵԭɽͣΪλĺλħ޳Ȼ̳˸׵ΪԴ
ΪΣ
ħ磿ˣ˵ҲҪ㡣
һ绹ã˵һ磬ĻлҪ
ʦҩүүʦǴħ罫ڵӵô
⡣
ǣΪôʣ
Ǿ˹ˣʩչ֮󲢲ǳħ磬ǳڤ֮С
ĸǶȥų꣬ȥĲħ磬ڤɭ塣
˻棿
˵ڤĸֵʱ˻׵üͷ
ĲƭʦҺȵʱڤǰˣ˲ǵĳƣҲΪˣҲŵõ䷨ųӡħ
ĸ˵ǽڤ֮飬ÿ鶼˵ϸϸȴԵ˳ƺҪһѪ顣
֣ڤħ粢ͬһʱյĴڣųôڤء
һʱҲҲҲֻе֮һˡ
סһΣһΣΪʦȻݺݵسͷ߸ˡ
ţǱ֤Բһˣ
Ц⸡ڴǣַģ֤Բͬڷˡ
գոհõĽһ߳һҩķ⣬Źӵ³̶ˣһĲ⡣
ôš
ϣɶڵĽӰС̫ƫ˰ɡ
³̶ҲԼצӸɲɾֱץ˽ӷ档
ƫģڶǴģ
߶Զ̽ûʲôĵ³ˡ
үٳһϵͶɣרŮӶʳõģŮľܿڣǽˡ
һǬѾȥĽӺ޲³
ıһԿźϷ
ûô
ûУϵڶûѣⲻһֱôôȰҲ
³̲ûԹӣСѾͷúܣ˵ʲôûá
ˣȥȰȰˡ
УκǸĺӣһֱԼչţȻʮֲˬųԼҵĺðײˣ˭Ѿˡ
ɣҲ֪Լų磬뿪ڵʱ򲻻һĻų˵ʱҲ᳹ҹߵչš

1134 ̫

1134 ̫
ЩҲȰ˵ҪȻҲᱳһʩչ䡣
ЩҲûзӣ⺢ӱƽŴŴģʲô鶼ű˵뷨Ϻźϡ
ʵϣ֮šҲȡ
ǿһΪųħ꣬ҲΣ֮УԼһʩչһǰħȥѰų硣
Ҳ֪ųǰ˶ٺ£˶ٵһӲŻֳúÿĵӡ
Ŀһ۷䣬ε̾һֺðײ˱˵Խ
ʱҲҩСԺУŽҪҩݣЩҩųġ
ĪϲȻ󣬵ҩЧ̫ңųĻһʲôӡ
ЩǮ
Ӱ˵ģô˵Ҳиƽ𡣡
һ仰Ķһļϡ
òˣڵżѾʮ׸壬ħ֮żѾˣֻʣų缸˵Ļڣ˵Ļƽƽòˡ
Ҳǡ
ųʱ򣬺һһǿ˴ӷкХĴӺŶɡ
ڽĵ˶ļʱûбɢŴ
ȣ
κȻڷУȻֱӵܺߡ
Ȼκȱ˵ݺݵײСԺеϣһѪӿ

κֹǰ

ʲô飿
̡
̡
̵죬ӷ߳һȫ׵Χŵˣϸһų绹˭
ȵȣѵ˵ղŵǵǴųϱŷģ
СһЩȣ
֪
κȻվ̧ӲŴǵѪһʶڻجج״̬֮µų硣
ųȫ׵Χţʶ״̬µһұ˽ĻȻᱻ׵У롣
ĵȫ׼ųʲôٶĻǻ֪ʲô
ų磡
κһ߽ų磬Ķܸоõ׵ڼϵʹŶ֮ľԽԽκܵʹҲԽŨҡ
̡
̡
ȣ
û¶顭뿿Լ
κȲýĵˣҲ뷲¶ñԼܡ
ǰĽǱúúõġ
ڣ뿿ԼҪܾ޴ʹ㲻֪Ρ
ų磡
һνų֣κ֣Ĵųգ֪ΪʹΪۣеˮһεε˳ջ
ų磬㿴ңȣ㿴ң
κЦţЦۣ֪ųϲЦš
֪żûˣΪ˸ħΪ˸ż˱һҶ
ᣬÿһ˵κǰһ˲䣬ȴ׵бǿ
ȣ
κȽˤڵϵʱ򣬽ĺͻ˳֣ʱĽסκȣŲײǽϡ
ų磬Ƿᣡ
кһ׼ֽųΣ֮֮˵ܷų˺ȡ
Ľ㣡
ڽ׼ֵʱκһվס˽ģ԰׵ĴǸֳһĨЦ⣬Žҡҡͷ
ҸղſеĹâĽ㣬ٸһλòã
ȣųûκʶ˵ġðɣһΣ⹷ٸ˺㣬ͱˣ
ջЭˡ
κײɵʱѾˣÿһǣۣټ׵ȫʱ˿վųǰܵѾ漣ˡ
֪ܣǣ㻹ң㲻һˣ㻹ҡ
κҪ֣ʱųȴһֽؿסκȵĲӡ
վڲԶĽĵһҪǰȴκֹˡ
ų磬㻹ţ㲻ܱס˫ۣ㻹ң㻹Ժ󣡡
ųĴŲӵκɫϢǺţ˫֮еԾǳᣬųһھϼ˫һ
ų磬㻹ң㲻һУ
㣬ҡ
һС
綼㡣
һߡ
ԶԶվߡ
һεˮ۽ǵųϡ
֮£ų翴ǰŮ԰һƬԺֳһĻĻİƬΣЩ쳣ܰ
أأһζμӿԺ֮С
ȡ
ңȣ
Ц⣬ӴɢУᡣ
ų缴κȵʱų˹κȵ֣漴ųһ˹ȥ
ϣ
׼ᣬĺͻ˳ǰȥΪ˱ųʲôΣյ֪δӰų廨İ˴ϡ
⹷Ҳ̫˰ɣ
κȵĲųĹצӡǣҪһЩκȾͻΣˡ
üһڤһⶼû¶ıųˣǾе˵ˣ
Ǻ֣ôǲԼ̫ˣǼͷߡ
мŭϢղҩСԺһĻʵŻǡ
ųĸ֣Իһų硣
ųôˣôͻȻͻᱬôǿ
Ŀ˿
ųҡҡͷ
ôˣû˻ˣҪҪԤײġ
ײģʶһһ㲻ϰͦãܸųۡ
ײĵǮɲ٣ôʶײ̵ϰ壬ҪȻ˵˵һѣô˵ҲڵĵӣʡǮǵǮ˵ˣżȻûˣΪżҵϵҲ̫ᡣ
ôһ˵˷׷ױʾԸ⹱׳һµ㻨ǮųٰһĻô˵Ҳʶһ˵ˣʮҲҪһЩ
ڴʱ廨ڴϵų绺˫ۣһ˿ŭ⸡ֶ
ǱӵҪллǼĺ⣬Ϊ˸ӳＯ񣬲ϧķһµ㻨Ǯ
ǣզ˵Ҳʶһų̫ҲǵӲǡų磬ѽûô
³ŷָղŸԼ˵ĲǱˣǻų硣
һԵε̾һʮĿһ³̵ˣûҲˣôŻ
ҡͷ˼˵ųû¶ˣ˵ûˡ
ղŵ鴦ʲôԭ޷ͣųȷȷʵʵû¶ˣָˡ
ļٵģ
ߵųߣҺ޲ðǹ·ϸļһȷ֮ŵóһʮֿ϶Ľۡ
һ֮⣬ûɶ¶ˣΪʤǰ
øųںʲˡ
ҲǽͲһеɣųȷûˣһʱ֮󣬱ɻġ
û¶ͺá

1135 ̫

1135 ̫
ڣųƽ֮κ³һ
ų˿ʼκȱһֱѹԼԼܵƽ
̤֮ڤټԺ֣һڼѹеϢԽŨټϸղűų׷ˣƽµϢ֮һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһ˹ȥ
ȣȻȥˣ
κȽƽȵķڷеһ˯ϣڵ֪Ȼ赹ȥʱųһʱҪȫ廨Ÿ޷
ʵвУΪ㣬ȲŻˡ
һɤӺ˳ųסˡ
κдһŷӸԡ
İɣȾЩˣټһʱ侫ѹ̫󣬺һһʱͺˡ
˵ŻʱĿǿųģųȻ֪Ϊ˺;ѹôһ¶ֱϵ鶼йϵ
ģˡΪҡ
Сͦã֪֮ͦġ
Ŀһκȣߵųߣһԣһոհõҩǿйȥ
֪Ϊ㣬ʩչ˽䣬뿪ڤȥѰꡣ
ľбҪЩų˵ףΪų𣬷һϵ鷢ΪΣںҲ롣
黹Ҫħʱʼ˵𣡡
Ĵħųһ쿪ʼ˵𣬵κôʩչ˽ڤ֮УҪʹֵĻȵҲᱻħȾ
ɭ֮з飬Ϊų꣬Ϊ˲ɭֵɭסκȶһųǧƿС
һɲǣų껹ĽǧƿڣŲڱɭ֮У˸ոտɭ־ͱǳץסˡ
ټϣųص֮ʧȥʶ¶κֵ顣
㣬ѡǧ֣ΪƫƫҪѡħ
Щ齪벻ףףųѡػҲѡĽħ
˵ĻҶѾ˵ˣʣµԼĥɡ
еҩ룬Ŀһų֮ת뿪˷䣬뿪֮ǰ⿪˰ųϵӡ
Ҳ׷뿪˷䣬һ߳Ļŭų磬Ҫ˵ʲôﻹ˻ȥ
ʱķֻʣųκȶˣȫʹޱȣÿһǱһ
ųҧһߵκߣڻ˯Ů޳ʳָظκȵĳĵĹߡ
ȣҶˣֻʣһˣӴԺΨҵ
ų縩κȵĶͷһĻ͵ļ˺޲óһٶȶֶŵĹ
ˣһѰɡ
Ȼе뷨˿һɵЦݵ³̣Ǻݺݵ̾һ
⣬³ĸ͸ӣ¼ҶϱݣҲ֪ǰʲôɥ飬һôɵӡ
һħʮΪϹžᣬǻǵ²˵Щô
ħǹʮ壬Ϊ˾ѰϹžᣬҪϹžķӡҲֻвʮϵѪɡ
ɣżҵϹžȻǱħˣҲ֪ʮؼҺ¼֮⣬мǰõĴڡ
ųǸһˣ˿ӡеħøĻһ׷񼼣˵Ҳ񼼡
ǵʱ͸ųǱ׷֮еһֻܵش˺֮ʱܴǼʺСƫƫ̳ˡ
գΧԺУһ˵ʮһ˵ŽڷһЩ¡
Դǻص֮һֱæų飬ڻħ֮һŲ֪
˵ħ߹УΪҪɳӽɱħ
ʱҪȺڹ˵
ħǸ¼ҺؼҴǲ޸Ĵˡ
үүïɽˡ
ĴħΪ˲תɿܣɱֳ
¼ڵĻǼħɱҲЩں´С
һʱѪծһʱʳһҪȺ˶ӳ
СһЩ˲ۡ
ҲǣҪʱҩҩݿ࣡
ųκȳǰ֮£һϮµųЩһ
ﲻһˣһʱ˵Ȼ
ûоųе㡭е㲻ˡ
ͬУڵų磬һǱȽϲǰµСɵơ
ųˣóأ˸оʮֲ
Ҳǣھ˼屻𣬶ħһ;徵֮Ǹóˡ
ã˵Ҷһ£䣬廹ûпȥһЩ档
ų棬ϣŷκеᣬּµĺǻĵļ˶ˡ
ֵܣڳԷܲô
³̳ԲȥˣеһԣԸˣǳųһΪǱαװģôĶ˰
ų磬ԼԵġ
У˫ֱϵ׷ˣԶ죡
ų룬Ҩһικȵߣӣɬĺܣκųιߵ࣬ĺ͸ƻһ
Զ죬˲ҶΪצӡ
磬˼Ҳצӣ˼Ҳࡣ
𣬻һһƴԺ˵Դϡ
Ĳģò˳Էˣų˵ܲ㡣
ǲĽǣιԷ
³̲֪ĸûԣҲҨһιߡ
һ˲䣬Χѹ˲͵˼㡣
Ϊ˱⽦һѪģԺĸ˶һˣĸ˸ոճһɲǣ˷
ԼûûôѾǲᣡ
ιҴˣҴˣҵĶ䣬Ҵˣ
³ţľͷűжôľˡ
һһ߳Էһ߿ϷĽĵεҡҡͷ
¼˵ע˵ģӷ
ǰܰι棬ٯٯᣬұѪȱļұֳϣγ˼ķ
ģǼ
֪ʱڼ˵󣬿һ۱³̺ɢŴκų磬ʾ⽵нĸ˸ȥڴ
ʦʲô鲻̫Ծ
͵ųʱһѲ˭ˡ
ĸ˸ڴ罪һȷȷʵʵˣ˵ʮУʱҲǽʮϤһˡ

1136 

1136 
硭
ڿڵȫѪʱȫѪҺ䵽˼㡣
˫ۣǿǣһĨЦ⡣

ڽ֣ŵһЩ
˵ȻУƤˣûкųһħ
ô£˵ôء
ʱΣҩûڣȥɽµƳǲɹҩݣϸز
ҲֻҪŽĺһ¡
Խ̧ڴĴϣŲһӵʱ䣬㱻Ѫ͸ˡ
ҩֹѪ˵
ֹѪ˶ңֶѹסδɢ
ȥ׼ҩݡ
áġ
ֿʼϵˣ⿪ϵ·һ˲䣬ϴСС鲼ٸ˿ڣ˵ͷżûһļ
ô˵ôء
˿ںϸǺ⾿ʲôܽһ˵̶ȡ
ɽ
ȱ˵һۣǧ˯֪ô
ʾҪ˷ѵ˵ĹϣΪҪ㹻ľһ˿
Ӱ쵽˺ҹԴԴϵĵҩ֮£Ǵϵ˿ڡ
һ˿ڰãĵĺͱˮ͸ˡ
Ӳҧûк߳һȫʹŽġ
ģҶôˡ
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Ѫֹסˣ˿ҲˣڵĶҲˣңȻ֪Ϸʲô飬ûųһѡ񣬷Ҫȥڤħһˡ
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1137 ų仵ˣ

1137 ų仵ˣ
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1138 үӵĶ

1138 үӵĶ
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1139 һ

1139 һ
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ʮ˲򿪣ʮħͷţʮħֱڲͬУѾɱ˵ħ޺ۣһոջָһΪħʮħ֮һǱҪӱСġ
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Ҫ˵ʲôųˣǺޣҲϣ˳ˣżҵʮħеԷʲôʵĴڣȻ嶯äĿĸ
֪ͺãǼʮħʵӦʮħܷʲô飬Ų֮ء
Ĳ뿴Ϊ˱˴໥Ȼ⣬ֻлŲܿδŻлһС
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1140 飿

1140 飿
üëмֲˬ
⹷ѾǱĩĺðײˣκĻͱ˲ˡ
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1141 ֲ¶

1141 ֲ¶
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ڷͻ޵컢ƺʶֻʶɲ֮Ĺϵ޵С
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ͻ˹Ƥ˵֮Ի洧ŹӣҪΪڷ齫ʱԣ˭Ҳû뵽ûԷͷ顣
ͦó԰ģ˵˶ٺóԵġ
³̶׼Ե·ʲôóԵĶ
ȻʲôţһӦȫ˵ȻܷŹԲص˽ʮֲҪĽƽ
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³ָŲԶսڷͻѾˣӶƾа

1142 ڷ

1142 ڷ
ڷǺǻʣǺеĻ壬ԼĻ˵Ǻţִڡ
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1143 㣬ͨ

1143 㣬ͨ
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ܻǲװ
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1144 ɽ

1144 ɽ
Ĳڻ䵱ʱ飬׸ϻļʱûз֮صĺ
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1145 ѹ֮

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1146 Ѫ

1146  Ѫ
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1147 򽣹ھ

1147  򽣹ھ
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1148 Ѱ

1148  Ѱ
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뷨֧㣬
׵һ仰ǵ˴ЦǺ׸κ̫ˣ谮ĶԼһƥǡ
ڷͺڣڸǿ
ӣӷŻɭ֮Уһĺһĳ顣
˺˱ˣһ½ļƻɡ
˷ɽ㵽һεյ㣬Ҳħۼ֮ء
ɫ֮£նɱħӦǳֵΣգϾ˭Ҳ֪Щħ֮л᲻ʮħڡ
Ϣȵڶ֮ʱ׼ȥеһվ
뿪˷ɽǰн˰յʱ䣬ڰǰһƬɭ֡
ɭ֮Уգһɭ֮Уʧ˷
ɭ֮󣬽ĵ˱ÿһϿ˼Ǻá
СһЩΧǿħ
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Žĵʻ˵Ŀתڽĵϣƺ߷߲ƽ
ħôˣħͲѰ˼ôħͲɱȨô
˺ݺݵصһۣ·ϵĻҳŵڵϵתߣתʱͣ˽ŲݺݵĿˡ
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ۼɭеħҪħҪǿһЩǳΪ˵ꡣ
һضħʬ壬Ѫ쳣˾ٴγɭֵȥ
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ǰһʱ֮ãɭֵķֲ·ڴ˷ѣ֪Ӧ߻ұߣͼţϵ֮УֻƾŸоˡ
ѡұ·
ƱκȺųͶģ·ʱκȵĽ飬κѡ·ų֧֮⣬ȫѡұ·
һԲ³̳衣
Բû·
Բý
ģԲκȴ·
ԣֻҪѡκѡ·෴һ·Ǿȷ顣
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Ǹ˰
Ǻ񣬾Ǹˣ
ԽԽԽԽӸ߿׹ĻǸϵɱˡ
˼κϵʱųһ˵ϣ˱׹صת˸ײϡ
һ׳ɶϳأ˳ͻһѪ֮ȫûнӡ
˸ӵģôĶȺС˶ӣҪѰ˼ܷܲһ°ȥض棬ɱô
˼췢ˣ񰲰ɱѣΪɶĶȺСһ
ӾǣֹѰ˼Ӿһȥ
ŭŽĵˣһݻʧ㽪뿪˵ҲӰ
вɡ
߰ɣ
ʧӰ٣֪ħѰ̼ħǻǵһμ
һаѰҲ·ǰУһ·ϵûʲôħһ·ͨһǰ
ߵѾѣҪӵĻΨһСľɺӰ
ȥҲϢһ°ɡ
ɭѾжʱˣһ·նɱħҲķ˲ٵľۿɫҾڴ˴ӪկϢһϡ
ȼշžļһЩҰζ˫ͷ£ҹеǳӦǳ˸ŵĹâ
ʲôأ
һֱոտõڽУʮĿ⣬΢΢̾һ
ʮħ顣
ʮħʲôģһԵһһһ˫
Цţҧһڿ⡣
ҵǸںһҵѪʲôʱܼ
Żĸп
ҵ룬³ԺųǼһڱʱ򼤷˴еҰϣƽƽġ
ѪеҪ֮һǴҪڼ޵£κȺͻ˵Σգ˳ķա
ϾʱԻų磬Ǳѡ֮²ôҲ֮¿ѪĴС
֪Ҳ׵Լվġ
Ȼ֪ĵĵģġ
й
κȵļصɭУĻ˲κߡ
ȣ
ų罫ܵŵκȱڻУκȵĺ󱳰
££ڣ
أ
κŵö˳ָŲԶŵĵط
й
𣡿ȿȣȿȣ
κָűŵ֮ʱһе졣
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࡫
ʿˮ³̰ǿһһľſκΪĹǺˣԭѰɵǸħ
ӸæӵĽűסˡ
Ѱ˵߿ȥ廨ھе˫Ÿһ޴ľ̸޷ѡ

1149 ʼҵ˧

1149 ʼҵ˧
㣬㲻ҪѰô
ӾѰҲóԱ
ԴǵĸˣںܶܶҲҪһ
Ȳȣ
ϾԷħΪ͡

ʾ³ϾԷ˳ȳವһӳԱߣһԵĿ
ԣճḷ́
Ҫֹ˵ľٶǸոմӻȡģ̵ĺܡ
ѹͲ֪˫ҧһڣ໵һ˫̵ֱͨ죬Ҳ˲
ǣǶô
˱̺˵˫ֺ촽ĺĵӳһһƿҩۡ
Ҳ½ĵҩûжָʾȵ˫ֺ촽ϣ˵ģͦõģ
ι㲻Ѱδɡ
ΧڻԣģˣǲȥѰˡ
³ţ˻еĿ⣬Ŀ⿴ԶԹ˲
Ϊ㿪ЦΪһٶѰ˼ܣΪΣѵǼӢô
ֵܣҪħҲܲҪϹ
̵ĺ׵촽ôĻЦˣ˺˧κιϵ
˰һۣ촽ʹҧһڿһС˲תֱޱꡣ
뵽ʲô˵Ŀ⿴˿ĵˡ
˵ǲħôħ˵ħ
Ŀɡ
ĿһˣħҲǿˡ
ϵħʮŨ˵Ϊ£Ǽ˼ֻΪħкܶλǣȴδҲδκɱ⣬ҲΪνѡӾԭ
ʧܣô˧ħڰĵ·ʧܣȺСƨҲҡ
˹˹˹ˡ
һһھƺţȵûۡ
˽صľƣͽκ˯ǰСһȴ˸⡣
˵һֱɭУӦúϤɭְɡ
Уǰסʮ˲ǻȻ̫ɽˮóԺúȣҲ֪ĸɵʮ˲ĴŴˡ
˻ԼҸڷ¶޵Ĳ״֣ת˲䣬һЦ⸡ֶ
Ҫ˵˼֮ΨһҸС
ᵽСʱ˸ŵϢĵ˲ҪҪġ
ҵСŮˣδɵСѾͷƯˣƨƨɣҪҪгࡣ
ڿСʱ򻹱ŽκȺͻŮ
ҵССΪʲôҪộΪʲôҪʼӢգΪΰ
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¹סʮ˲˼֮ܲ˽Ŀ赹˹ȥȻͱŮСˡ
Ƕʱ䣬Сչ¹¹ذŮСҷһҪȢСΪԼӡ
пŮò֮ϣֱǿԵ
ǣ¹׵ʱȴСܾˣԭ¹̫䲻
ȫͺ׵һ¹оԼ綼һƬڰ
˧дôģΪʲôΪʲôҪộʼ˧ȥͺãΪʲôҪɢ顣ˡ
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ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô
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ħ˻ᣬõĻֻأǺƶͰһ˵ˣҲܡ
ɶҪĻֱӴСʮ˲
ܳܵסʮ˲ħô
İ¹һۣҲˣ¹Ļȫôûǿ°Сʮ˲ɭ֮һ벻Ѱ̼
ôʮ˲סô˽绹ʧˣɴˣҲˣ
໵һ¹޵ķҡ
ˣĺ׻ɷλޡ
³̱¹ģ˵仰֮󵱼ֱ壬ܵ˵źĻеɱ⡣
ûҾ˶ѣû˼
ôɷλޣ仰˵ˣǲӦóȫ㡣ʲôкλ仰
ЦţӵǵЦ쳣³ĵ׷ë
Ҷؿɼ¿ɱʯáõҲ겻䡣
ǿҵ³ϴʾղЩпģ¹ͶѣĲı⡣
³һϴɻЦЦĸ³ĵĺܡ
֪ʲôлӿڳ˰ɡ
һԿϷǲǵĻͼӴףЦǽһûûΡ
ȣǽֻһˡ
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ͻȻıףκɫߺ쳣
ʱ˿̵Ļǹ죬һڽżﱩһŨ⣬߷󣬿˵жİӹ͸İ
һĻǴ̼¹ģһеľƺ
ģˣҸضȥ
¹һʧˣû֪ȥʲôط
Ŀ¹ʧķЦЦת߼Ϸ
³̲˽ǮЬ档
˽Ǯ
˽Ǯ֣һüͷ³һֵı鿴Žֿ˿˫ֲϵذڶš
ûУЩ˽Ǯղǿ쵽ôЩǮҺģǮ
³һĳüŪۣǱƺڸʦֵܾͿҪȻûùӳԡ
ԣⲻ쵽ô³̴ЩӣǮʱʮҡ
ܴǮĻŹ³̣ӵ³ֻҧ¶ϵЦཀྵӲˡ
ӣû٣
ģ
ǧȷԡ
תԵʱ³ָʾǮɷָ㡣
û˵³ָԻûпڣֱ³ָŵ˵ͷ
ţǶǺֵܣֵܿԹۣ³̵Ǯõ˵Ҫá
ԶЦļթ³ֱֲܷ
һԵεЦţߵߣһȵĲˮС
Ǳֵܡ
ͬ⡣
ЦţӹеĲ豭
˵ʲô
˵˺ܶ࣬ҲҲΪɱ𡣡

1150 ѣѣ

1150 ѣѣ
ɫ֮£˴ţȻʱʱܰǱĩճϤճ
û֪¹Ǹ˻᲻Ϊ˶Ѱ̼Ҳû֪ȥ˻᲻һμ
գɫ硣
峿Ĵɢ˵ϡ
ʰŸԵİ׼ǰɭ
³̣۾ôˣүǿʲôޣ˵һɷλޣ
ص³̵ļϣһֻ۾³ŭĿֵܣǮ˵޳ɡ
ӵţҲһĻӦѿ
³һݻߵߵİŻȥžһơ
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ΧħʮŨңûħӡ
СһЩ
֪ˡ
ͣڿеħԽŨңħһŻѪζǷűˮɢûŵ
ҵ찡
һɽȱԵʱ򣬿ɽ滭֮ʱһſͣͷƤ顣
Уˣ
ʵǼֲסתκܲѪȲ˶ĵĻ棬һԵЩѵ֭³
һݵɽУȺӵħ˵ĵڵϣǽһң֫ʬ˵ԸɾϵϵѪ
ħǴʬɢġ
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ԿһĨɫĹâʮѸٵǺɫĶ䶯ţҡ
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Բۣôѣأ
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κȲħǾ³ӣһ˲䣬˫Ⱦų缫Ľκȱ󣬳С·ȥ
һа˸ǰ治ϵţʮѲϵ׷ˡ
ģôôѡ
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ۿԼٶȿҪ׷ˣֻܽеҩڵϣʱѵٶȣɼһ׷
ܣ
ɽУһС·Ѿ˾ͷС·ľͷһɽΧѸǶ˹ǧһ֮ʣ˸ɽУɽڴʯͷʵʵĶסˡ
Ҳɽ֮ʲôΣյĶܱѶҪǿöࡣ

³ĴŴ˶ڣԵķ
Ϣһ£Һȥ
³ֳԾӣκΣնǵһȥЩܵܵ˺̽·ͽˡ
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ڣΧһЩС֮ûʲô̫Σա
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ڲϵײŶסɽʯͷʯͷϵƽ޴ò˶ʯͷͻѿ
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³˳źڰ·ľͷ
˵һɽľͷһӣͶ԰ǵ¹ԻޱɢŽӲӵĹâͺ߹Ļʹһ
˺Ӷ԰ҪСģ˭Ҳ֪ʲô
һסɽĴʯͷˣһ˳ɽ˽Ҫ˳Ե
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³ָźӶ԰ѣźݻ
ƺ³̵ŭһһԾ˺ˮ֮УۿžҪ˰ߡ
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¹һصȺѱʯ񣬼Ҳ³һȺǻƬ֮Ѱʱ·˳ȥ
˸˲֪뿪ɽһ˲䣬һɫħȻ֡
ħ֮УӰڰУŷŷһС
ôҾ˵һܽɽѡ
Цţ˫ֱǵ⡣
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ʮħŮתͷŰײ˫ۿ¹ǱξѰ˼֮ˡ
ɱԱʲôôϹħ˿ǳ谮ĺܣҪǶ˽ĵĻô
¹һɵģȴƽ治һϣʮħе
˵˴ʱ¹ҲȣڴǵЦһ⡣
Ҫ˵Ҳֻпԭ㣬ʮħеľʦΪζԽҲ˵Ĵ
¹ЦţЦ΢΢ü
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ȺҺαԶ֣ңǾҿɲĶ֡
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˵Ůʱ¹иֳһ棬ǻеŮ뽪һģһӡ
ˣһ鱾Ҫ㣬Ҫ赶ɱ˵ĻҪעһŮһĸĸ
˵ĵĸĸ¹бҪһ£ϷԣǧҪŭˡ
˵ĺͽİݡ
ǶˣѰϹıҵˣǵļƻɾˣԣǵļƻɾˣ
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аҪѾˣϢأ
ȥ
һӣһֽ¹ǰֽдŵС֡
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һѣֲ޸㣬бҪΪ˽ôҴӹһħõ
Ͳ֪ѣ֮İ飬òҸĵ㣬˵ⶼôôװΰ󣬹ֲõôá

1151 ֮

1151 ֮
պдСֽŵĲ٩һȡ
ʮħֻʮŮǻ˼֮õħ
ʮ˲ĺúõģҲ֪Ƿʲô飬ȻҪʮ˲Ĵţͼħƿ硣
Դˣ¹ʼǷԼϹħսҲ֪˽Ԥԣһеһжѭ֮С
ҲãħҲãҲãﶼ·ֻصҲֻнĵ֮⡣
ǰ˿ӷƨҪѶ£Ϲħڤ֪ıǻӣʱɱûǡ
ɣ֮ǰ˵Ć£ⶼ˼֮ãô߶߶ϡ
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ǵļƻȻ㲻룬ͺһȺԶԶģҪǣκιϵ
£תʧڰУֻ¹һħεĿʧȣ̾һ
Ϲʱ޷ֹ飬ʲôֹоϹħͽԼ֮飬ֺαزء
һ̾Ϣ֮мֱˣ¹Ŀתɽ֮ϣĿ·͸ɽ¹Ľĵˡ
Ů鱾Ҳֻܰ㵽ˣǻͿԼ컯ˣ
һӣһɫʧ֮䣬һʧĻ¹
ʱ¹еһ˽˹ڲģ˭Ҳ֪عľͷʲôطôȥһš
Ϣһᣬȥҿûĳ·ȿȣ
³̿΢΢üͷ³̵Ķͷ
ôộ
ų磬ΪҲộ
³̣ԣų磬˶ˣȫ̵úɫɷɷ׵û˿Ѫɫ
жˣ
κ̽Ѱųȷ˶
ˣΪʲôųǾ˶Ľûκ飿

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ֶҩʮֲֿȴ൱ĺķʱ䣬ҩҲʮֵռ߹½ҲѰһ겻ݡ
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Уĺ鱾дҩһعһнҩҲҪҵع˵ʬ巽ɣ
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κȺͻ֪ʲôеĻȻвõ鷢
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ͬʱһվڰããһƬУ˵֮ʱϴЦƺ֪ǻۻһ
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嶯̸ȣ³ʲôط˵˵Ҵ
ǰһץסߵӣ߼Ԥ֪˻ڴ˴ȴԤϵԼᱻһŮвš
Ůɿ֣ԸϷѻ˵ꡣ
˵ƨ˽֪Ĺ
߿˵ĻᣬȭͷҪϮߡ
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ȰǵȽҪ˵˺ĻԵѹס˽ĵǸɱ
˭ΪλһĻ
ĵûκ¶ȣƺֻҪߵĻش𲻾⣬Ǳ´˶֣֪ʲô֮ʹ
Ϸҽһ£Ϸؼ䡭
ҲƱƣһ仰
֮֮Ļ֮أǾ֮ػˡ

1152 

1152 
˵Ŵʱ˽ĵط
Ľ֮أ֮ǻĵط
ػţָãǰ롣
ȵȣ֮
˵Լ֮Ĺߵʱ򣬽˷ǧ˵߲֮ʲôϵɡ
֮֮йϵô
а֮֮Ǵ罻֮Ϸƹ֮Ҫȥ֮ĻҪˡ
˵˴ҡҡͷʾѾԶ⡣
Ȳ˵֮˵ָѡ񡣡
ͷ˵˻
κȸû˵ЩеûһЩ֪Ϊʲôųںδ
ȿȣŮҪһЩ𶯲ͺɱģ
ػ֮߸ɿ˼ȻԹŻľֹףʵʵĻشҪ֪һС
ϷղѾ˵ˣĽ֮ټо綾뿪˵عĻᱻһڿʼա
߸˽ż˽ɽ֮ʱһУ̤ɽʼѾ˶
꽨عĴɽб鲼˶ۣˣҲ󷨣ֻЩЧ
һڵĶˣ󷨵ǣƣֻвعõعеѹж֮ڵһƶȣҲΪˣԽ߱ԽǸĿ䣬Ǽߵ䣬Ǵ޽ɳҲ޷˵ڤ
ڤ
΢΢üǵһڤ֣ҲǣȻǧ仯治УȻϹħڤҹ⹷ѣοʲôڤĴڡ
֪ΪڤҲǺһƹһռ䣬ԼŻ־壬ΪĴˡ
ǵдˣ˵һ䣬ڤƿأֻأת
ء
˼صʵһ˫ҵϣߣ³ںδҪôȥ
Ƿģʱǰȫġ
˵Цţһӣһ˵ǰ
У˱һռУںϱ˫۾س˯ţҪǿ˻кһȥ˸ˡ
ĶѾӵֻӲʱֹڶظѸٵɢԣľҪˡ
˵ˣ
ĪЦ⸡ڴǣĵĿЩ㡣
ȻĲ֪ΪǰΪԼ߳˻Լ־壬ֱ߽һ飬ڵһһеķȻԤıġ
ԣ
ڻǿ󣬶˵ûƿУûʲôּۻ۵ء
˵ɣҪôܾˡ
ܼ򵥡
˵۾ˢһӾǽӴ˫۵ʱֵͷǱ̽ʲôһʮֵ顣
ǸʲôĶȻʱԵֹˣϷҲû㹻֤ǲٶζҪһȥѰֽҩڼϵعеֽҩԽ⿪ϵĶ
һ磿
ĴǵЦŨţԭˣ©Ŀġ
ԣһ磡
˵ţһ֣һɫųǰĶźϤӽʱҲǴʱ֮Ŵ͹ġ
ţ˾ͻһУֻҪҵֲҩԻصʱϷҲὫعеֲҩϡ
Ѿ˵ĺˣԽ˵ףԽýʸ
ɣɽеʱ򣬲ԡһʼɭֿʼѾ˱˵Ĺ֮УֱһĻ
ѵ˵ĿıΪ˽뵽һѰֲҩô
ǽ뵽磬ҵֲҩ֮޷صô죬˭ұ֤ǲƭǡ
֪ǰǲʮħˣʮħˣеκһԼǻκһ磬˭
˵ţԷͼλãֲɲţϾΨһܽ˵ķӡ
뷨ڽĵԺвϵǻУֱַԡ
Ϸаѻڤ֮С
ڤĴڶ˵һֲ߼ȻԼһҲýԷ˽ģԾɽͲһƭǵĹ켣
ô죬ġ
ԣĽ㣬Ƕġ
κѡĵģɵĻ˸˶ƽ£ܵĻͬ
Ҳûбİ취ˣ
һ仰Ѿ˾
κ̤˺ɫʱ֮ţڽʱ֮ǰĵĿٴߵϡ
Ӧ֪̤ڤҲз
£̤ʱ֮ţʧߵǰ
Ļκ˵ӰʧǰʱһɫӰ˵
ϡ
š
˵ĻӦţһ˫īӿŽʧĵطȽȽֳһĨ֮⡣
ϣҪô
Ψɿĵ׵ļ䡣
˫ֱ󣬻³һЩı֮¶С
Ȼ֮ϣּ⽫һЩ洫͵ĵԺУɼӳеһӡȴ󲿷ֵļ䶼Ĩȥˡ
뵽˴˽˫ȭһ˿ŭ
տˣĪҪǷκβ⡣
ǣϡ
ʧˣֻƬããУ˿ʧʱ֮ţֿ˿ʧıӰ³˻ѹĵ׵һ
Ϸ˭˭ˣ
˽ģǴӼ֮ǰϹʱӿֶĵħû뵽תΪˣ˻˿־塣
ҪָĽһȥѰֲܿҩҪȻرڿСħ
Ϲʱ飬˵ĺʹʹ޷
ⶼõˣҲ֪Щڸʲô⡣
ҡҡͷʧ˰ãã֮С
һߣģκ˽ʱ֮ţڰɢȥ˫۵ʱһƬһ޼ʵĲԭ֮С
ȵŴأӦеĲԭݻޱȡ
ȣ
һ޷ݵȣͺһΧߡ
ˮζ
һ˿˿ˮϢѰŸоһֱǰߣһӵʱ䣬ˮҲΪˮΧĴֲҲɫ
ﵽʲôط
ӹκȴõĺˮ˹˵ĺžû˹
֪СΪҪҵݣӦݺͽݡ

1153 Ϊأ

1153  Ϊأ
ѰҵҩǻݣӦݺͽݡ
ֻҪҵֲҩԾȻˡ
գ
ڽĵ׼뿪ʱһԽƬеʱ䣬һӵƽ߱ƽΧм䡣
ĺӴʮĸˣΪ׵ŻķΣӦ˵
ڽ˴˵ʱȺҲڴŽˡ
Ůˣ
һ˿˵ĿǺǲʸǾϲǾţΪ׵ڽͷӶ֮һӣʾ˴ȥ
ŲŪǣ
ƢñѺɾڻ׼ýɨϰʱȴΪ޷ãٴζˡ
ô¶ҵΪءôһܲΪĴڣ
㵵ĿŽĺκȣΪʲôΪʲô޷ʹ򽣹ھ罣Ҳ޷ͨ
Ϊô˲ʧˡ
ǻκȺͽˣһΪߣһΪߣһѰѰƽûʲô̫
֪δŪ濴ű˴ˡ
ûӦѹǵΪ
ǵķΪʧԭ
˵ÿһ綼ԼĹ򣬾ʱΪľ˾ֻܶͬ˻֣˳ֵĻǱᱻƲãʲôƲͲ֪ˡ
ͬҲԼĹ򣬱߲к飬Ϳ̿
Ǻãǡôˡ
ˣӵš
ʱ֮УںСƿСµ֮ػߴ˸硣
˵ϷǲǸ˵ʲô飿
ԽԽԾԽԽԾڣ˵ʲôˡ
ô˸߽ˣһǸ֮ΪͻɢѰһ
ѽôôصˡ
һ뵽ǿֲͱ飬˾Ļš
ѾˣҲֻƽµҵҩˡ
򡭡
˲֮ᷢʲô顣
ʲôŲӸ
ģκ˱ȺѺ⵽˲ԭһС򣬱е˿ʮֵۣͷڿջ⣬ʱĿջΧˣһһ㣬ֱֽǵĩβҪһ˷ݵˡ
ڿͰӿ˦ڵϣ
ģһվ־Ÿһ˵ӡ
ӵ˲ûбɷŵ˷ܵҪ
Ůץҵӣҡһ궼ϴ·ԣһӶϴ·
ʲô⣬вɣ
üͷ˵񿴵ġ
˵ǵ취뿪⡣
һ·ϣһ˵ЩϢΪ׵ĶŻӦǴӵܣûĻӦǰͽʹ
˵ûзһ飬ֵ顣
ӽسǿʼκȾһֱΧǿ̻ǹ֣Էȵȵ˶ˣһɫˡ
ʲô¶
Ļ˻عͷĿκȣɶ¶ˣ
ӽسǿʼ֮⣬ûŮӡ
𱰣ûŮӳ룬Ŀǰ˵ֻŮӳ֡
˵
κôһ˵ҲһЩԾ
ӦûԵİɣҪûŮ˵ĻȺôģѲǴϳô
İ뿪Ц˵ţԹŮӲɡ
ҪǹʲôŮ飬ô뿪š
˵ΪȫʧԼѧϰûҲӦΣǾӪгĺӣ˵Ƕ˱չ˺ȡ
У֮ǰҪûرΨһԴ
ҹɫسǣʿ£ΧΧǱϣ֮⣬ջΧ˵ǰײ
ȣˣ
ң
κɫһҧ촽һڵϣеˮ˲䷭ӿϡ
ۣӺۡ
˰ҽʦûҽʦ
ĺͻţתۼ䣬ջϢ˻Żŵ˳ͷɫ԰׵κȸǻ
˾ͽϿҽʦ̧ȥ
ӵһıκȡ
ʲôҪ¥
װκ˵ָ¥ĸ󣬳Żҵĳڽеıӵ˴⡣
ʱҽʦ˹ǹڵϸκ
ȲˣҲ
˾ͽ˽еĳҽʦĲϣޱȣ˵ĸоͬһ
һ˵ԵúƵĺܶࡣ
˾ͽջؽҽʦúõΡ
ĺաѾϱ˱£Ҫ֪֮κһˣҶ˽ʲô³
˾ͽü˵ԣĺջӶеȣһĨɸС
ȿ
λӣλĲϷ򡭡Ϸ޷ҽΡ
ʲô޷ҽΣǲ
һҽʦô˵˾ͽ˲ŭгָҽʦֻ࣬Ҫ˵һ̴֣ҽʦš
ӣɱϷϷҲŮӵĲ飬ϷһǸӿϷʦҲδӴκһŮӣŮõŮӵĲ֢
ҽʦ޲ߣδӴŮˣ˽Ů˺˵ʲôôҩɱɡ
һ仰λǲΣ
ΪҽߣϷ򲻻ԹۣϷ򲢲֪ŮӺӵ幹ɷͬһζҩòݱɱˣϷҽߣ򲻿ɲ
ҽʦҲԼƢƾ˾ͽĳǾһ֡
ĺͻǺߵǣ˭߶ЩԻǸʲô˼
ʲô˺Ů˵幹죬ʲôⶼʲô⡣
үӣżҲѧһЩҽܰһЩֻȵõŮӵĲ֢ǲҪرһ¡
Ŀ˿˾ͽĺնˡ
ߣ
˾ͽ綾һݵĶŽĻˡ
ߣҪǸסҪΪͻȻɢֵõ˱Ʊơ
˾ͽôô˷Уȭͷݺݵشһ١
˶ƽ£óȥҲ֤ʲô
Ŀһ˾ͽĺգһĨЦڴǡ
вҡ
νввҵȰһ䣬Ƕ˻ϸߵ;͹ԹԵĳȥ
£Ĳˣʼҽʦҩݡ
š
ĺյ˿һ۽ģת뿪˷䡣

1154 Ϲ

1154 Ϲ
ĺպ˾ͽ뿪ʱڴװκ˫ۣʹıɢ
ꡣ
סҽʦߵͣʾ𷢳Ƕˡ
ֽʣֽдһ仰
ʲôʲô
λﵫ˵޷ⷿǸġ
ҽʦȻ֪ϹΪʲôŮӣǰȷȷʵʵŮɡ
ҲвҪԼŻôϵŮװƭǶˡ
˼ң͸ղŵһ˵ҲܿóǸˡ
ȻǸģҲûʲô˼ɵˡ
ʣʲôطʲôҡ
ҽʦﵽʲôطʱ֮ŴԽ֮󣬱㱻˸ץסˡ
ΪɢһȺȺȫڡ
ϹΪȫӣԱΪϹ
ҽʦ߸˵ŹϹһС
ĵطϹҲ֮ΪйΪҶˣûһŮӡ
ഫϹǱ˵Ĺȣ˲̤Ұ벽Ǵ
ǧϹе˽ա
˵ŮϹ˵һۣҲΪνĻκ˱Ŀԭû֮һ
ϹʷϲûŮӳֵģЩϹʷϵŮӶ֮ΪŮջᱻʹ֮С
ȵȣһ⡣
ҽʦߵĻ߿ʼ˵Ϲʼһֱʡ
˻ҪѺôҲĵط
ȻϹеġôӣ
󲻵ҪôӣϾŮ幹кܴ𣬾ѧҽҲ֪еĲ
ûŮˣôӣ
Ϲ֮ߵգΪϹʥ
߾֪⼸һԼ⡣
ϹԭΪ
ÿһҪӵʱ򣬱ǰǵ˫ִɵʱϱ
˽Ĺûؼңʮ֮ñʵн
ôǴϳģ
ıŵЩ㵣ǺҵĲѣû뵽ϹȺ˳ķʽأϳ
ֻҪͿˣ
棬¾Ȼֲ
г˺֮⡣
ȴЦҡҡͷҪö˵ʮּ򵥡
ȻҪǵľԪɡ
Ŷ
ԪֵʱκȺͻɫһ¡
֪ݣӦݺͽֲʲôطôϹΪѰҩݡ
Ǻˣ򲻻˵һ
ҩݵô֣΢΢üͷ
Ϸ֪ģӦݺͽϷδš
ûӦݺͽֲ
ݾϹ׶档
ݲʲôϡҩݣϹ׶档
ҪǵݣֻҪȥ²ժˡ
ǻȥϹ׶
ӣĵĿ⿴վӰӡ
ȴߣҶϺ󡣡
ţСһЩ
ˣʧȥΪѰɣûΪ޷ʹö졣
Ľ㣬Сģ
û¶һϣ
Сس֮ǰ淢СسǽһֻҪ뿪ǶͨıҲץǡ
κŵĴ˴ӣ˳Ŵһһ档
ȻɫѾǿջҪıǸ˶Ϻ
һһصڿջ֮УĴˤ˴룬ԼƬٳҽʦߡ
˼ңίһ¡
ΪٶǶ˿ջڣ˾ͽĺŶ룬㿴ЮҽʦĽģȴŮ
׷ǾҲҪǶҵ
ǣ
е˾ͽȥѰѾ뿪Ļκȣֻĺպ˾ͽԽġ
飡
ΪĴߣҪǲ߲뵽֮У˲Ҫ鷳
ΪƾҵĶô
ŴƬɫ֮£һ˫ӦԣĹâĺ˾ͽˡ
ôΪ˲Ķ֣
ǲҵĶ֣һܱ
ȻʧȥΪС׵ѧ䣬޷ʹþҲĹжΣա
һԾһɫӰԼٶȳ˾ͽǰ˾ͽҲγ䳤ŽĴ˹
ò˵˾ͽʽͺ˵ĸоһݶһдڽĵϣ֤͸
û뵽㻹е㹦򡣡
˾ͽһȥ˫Ӽ͡
ɲ˾ͽ˵껰оһ˿⣬ŵѪζڿС
δ
ŵĴƬ˾ͽѪҺ
ӦңѹҵΪȻ촦
һƵĹϵ޷޽ӵ¡
ûеɱ˾ͽ˵ĵز
žһеĴƬ˵ϣ˫ָµĿ˾ͽĺնˡ
ʶĻԶһ㣬һΣһ
ˣĴӴȥʱѾǨȥ׷κȣû˹˼ɽġ
˾ͽҲû׷ȥִŲ˺ۣһ˫Ӹš
˾ͽ簡
ĺ˽˾ͽǰĻ˾ͽһ׷ȥԷսһֳʤղŮȴҡڵǰʧ˾ͽδȥ׷
˾ͽû˵ŽĵıӰʧںҹҲûתߡ
ĺһеֶȥ׷˵ݡ
Ϊûвô鲻
ĺĿڴߣеػӶš
˾ƾճһû֪Ǵȥ
˵ʱĺյĿڻ赹ҽϡ
֪˵ȥ
һĨթЦ⸡ڴǣĺЦĺͺһ㡣
ʱֱջ·Сسǽϡ
ĵʱ򣬻κǷ
ʲô
κȲĿŽеİһװĶ˵·
ҪƽĿĵϹĶǣŮװЧķӡ
һ˶棬ʵ̫ˣ˵Լһ·ƫװټƽϰװ࣬һŮӵĴ̫עĿ
ԣҪ׵׵ϹֱЧķӾǴװ
ڽĺͻ˵ûʲôѴŮװǾɫװӢʮ㣬κȴװԵʮֵġг
Ľ㣬㣡
κȴװ͵·СӣǴ˵·һ˫͹Ҳʮְˡ
취
ǰҪ취
Ľ㣬Ҫʲô

1155 ׵ģ 

1155  ׵ģ 
ء
κ˵һʹ飬ڻͽ˵Ҳһ鷳顣
ڣǽκȰ˵ʱ
Ϊ˲¶ǵݣҪ˳ĽϹǵݣǽ˵·Ҫˣҵģȡ
ңĽôˣ
˵ʱûнߵӣĳЩ֮⡣
ĸκչʾ˵ˣ˵Լճ
κȸŽѧţֹʲôĶԣǾǲ˼û˵֮֮ĵһ֮⡣
ô죿
̯˫ֱʾԼΪˣֻܽϣȫѹڻϡ
ð죬ҡ
Ľĵļ򣬽Լϡ
ȣ˵ʲôѧʲôǡ
õ㡣
ѧŻòȣָľ塣
Ϲ˰ɣҵӵĵŲӴ㡣趼ʶ㣬յĶ
㣬׵ǿôҵӵĵŲӴ׶ʶ㣬
κָľѧŻǻȻ˵Щ޸Ĺ˲ôĿôôñŤ
㣬ĺòã
κһڴı鿴Żͽġ
̾һεĿ˻ļϡ
ҪǸүǣһҹ
һ
ȰӼ򵥣Ϊֹвͨ
գ֮ҲֻǰֵͣܵʾˣȵСʱûǮβư͵СһȥһΪӣҲǸܿ
ǳ
һҲ飬üƻ̳֮ǰϹ׶
ϾԽ絽ֲҩԽĻص֮Ȼ⣬˭֪᲻ᷢ顣
Сس뿪ҪǰϹĶҪķѰµʱ䣬ûǮֻܲС
Ҫһ㣬ڿջ֮У˽еҲûˣֻһ·Ǽѵǰǡ
˵ʱ򻹻һ̣ĳЩСҲеˡ
ⲻոմɽһɽկ
ɽϲҩڶ࣬ҪȻ治öԸȺˡ
ƱЩǮ㹻˹һˡ
ǰҪȣ
޵ЦţСһɽ
ɽկùǧƱǮڹ˺ӡ
нһ֮ãϹĴУǡ
ΪϹĵڶУĵĳ̶Ȼ롣
һջϴ軻һ·ҡһСؤΪƫƫСӡ
滳ķ˰
ǰ滳
ţ
ܳɽ亣ζ˻ǻĳա
Сسǵǵ·ϣĸѰ·κڡ
һӵζսģͬһ㡣
ϹڶУֻҪ·̣ǾͿԵǣȥժˡ
㻹ǵǸ˵Ӧݺͽô
Ӧĵѩɽ֮ϣ֮С
κ˵ӦݺͽڵĵطҲСسǵҽʦ֪Ӧݺͽݣԭֲҩб֣ʹһЩḻǲ֪ӦݺͽݵĴڡ
ԷɣúϢһ죬ڸ·
ãŹǺѳԣĺŹǺóԡ
˵ˡԽ˵ԽԲȥ
ǿеĽʳȥֻܽǰһӵĲ˶Ĳˣθڡ
ҹɫǣ˫ͷ¿Ŵݲеǿա
ģʲôأ
Ľ㣡
ڿջϵĽתͷϷܵĻκȡ
û˯ô
˯š
Ҳǣ
κʼ磬ʾԼҲû˯⡣
ϣһЩҵݽݺӦݣħصڲμѡ
˵ѡǻǵǸڴʦֽɶţ
ˣⲻǺˡ
ĺκʮͬĻǸʲôڴʦ䡣һ˫Цۡ
˵۵Ķǹ
Ȼô˵Ϊڵĵӣڵ֪ɽڵʱôϣͨѡɽϢ
ʦɽЩ˶ʵǿı̬ۼĵӡ
ԽˣԽҪϴصڣμѡĽɽ
Ľ㣬ǿ
κָſջԶһƬС֣Сڴ򶷣¹⿴ȥ߰˸Χˣһ˿ɻƴıˡ
˵ݲ򵥡
ĵĿϣʵǼƷĴǸ塣
˵ôȥҲǸ취ҪȻ
İ˫ۣ¶һĨթЦݡ
κȶ
ʱСеİ˽Χм䡣
ɱ͸¶׺ݵɱ⣬ƱҪ֮ء
ɣ
ںɱеĳ̴һ˵֮ʣһӴӺڰ˹׼ݵںɱֵԿϡ
ֻ˵һ죬еĺɱ˺þòŻعĿ⿴򽥽еСӡ
ʲôˡ
һĨȵҺӺɱֵͷɼֲᡣ
άƽػĽʿǼС֮ȻԶ١
˫ָ󣬽ͷ
һĺ⣬֮һƬ
κǿװɷӣô
ˣǿˣźΥ͡
κȣκȵͷ̾һ
Сӣ֪˭Ȼȥﱨˡ
ɷ˵ɱ̧ĨȥͷϵѪҺһξ𳤵ˣҪҪǰǺ¶СʬΡ
ߣ˼ɱǡ
罣ȻûΪɽϵϢԾɲ
磬һԾ罣ɫ֮ųĹâһɱ˻Ľ¡
͵Ϯ
һɱҪƺ͵Ϯһǰץס˺ɱֱֵֻۣһصҹɫ֮У۶˺ɱֱֵۡ
⼸˻࿴һۣΪ׵ĺɱˣͻȻֵСӾͽǡ
ǼҪʱȴȫſſĸò
κȻ˻ֿһ۵ڵϵĺˡ
øĽҩĳɷ֣ЧǺ롣
ɵƯ
κĴָʱݵһһЩнģǰץס˽ĵ֣صУûбͻȻ˵
ģ
ˣ罣̴˺ɱֵࡣ
ңûˣκڿƽµĽ֮³һ
ɱӢ۾ԣӢ۳ɹĻ
лλСӾ֮ۡ

1156 ͷǮ

1156 ͷǮ
˵˵껰һѪǽĵĿĻһѪҪ絽˵ϡ
ϺѪͦ׳۰
ĿŵڵϲѪмֵ٩֮⡣
ˣ˾ȵף˭Ҫ˵ƽ붼ǵء
ʲô̧ȥ
ʾ˰һѣڽĵĴߴ֮£ֻôְŰ̧˴ϡ
λСӣ֮ǡ
κڸΣĺͻһһҵĿڴߣͷһڴɫ԰׵ֽ˵ϡ
ôһʱĻƾͼȥˣģǾҽСڣ˵ģͼΪͽҪġ
ľӻǰ
Żֵּǣ˵ǸҲȻǸ󸻴֮ˡ
ɣһͷһ򣬰˸˵ĻͰټ𡭡ܾʮһ죬Ĩȥͷʮͺˡ
ģīʲôֱǮ˾ͺˣǻȥء
鷳Ŀ⿴˺ʹ˵߶߶²Ų
Ҫȥǣ
ôȥҿô
ôˣɴ۾
ʵһж˵ļƻ
ǳһһϣ˵˹
ǮȻḶǽ˰ȫ͵ǣ˵ʮҲϡ
򣿡
˿˵İ֣ϵ۾´ˡ
ļٵģ
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˵Ŀһǰˡ
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ģô
Ŀڽĵϣѯ
װܾӡ
ļ۸Ȼ٣͸ղһĻȥǱȻΣأҪȥӣ
˼ţƬ֮󣬽ĶŲ豭ǳһ˵
ļ۸ǿԽܣ˶֮Ҫǰ켸飬У
׼
׼׼ү׼
Ҫǿݣ˭Ըڵ߰顣
ãǾͺ졣
Ĵ˴ӦΪ˵ֱƽĻ͵ǡ
Ϸ˶Ϸ˶ԼĻ˵ǶǵĴ٣ΪҪҷ̰ٱɱ
ǲϷ˶˵Ӿͺûйϵˡ
ֻԴӦҪҪһϷݽ붼ǣȥҵݣȻ˱뿪ȥѰѰӦݺͽݡ
Ͼĺպ˾ͽ˶˵ǸвΪĹ棬ǲ¶ݵĺá
ڽĴӦΪϷ˶ʱһʱʱ䣬ڶɱ˿ջ
һεɱֱȸղһʮ˼ջΧҪ߸ûԡ
οڻһŵİ֮ˣǿͻΧĻֻΪ˵׸
ܣˡ
Ĵ˸ǷǿԲһһ㽫ЩɱֽϾڣٶ־ٶ֣žȥ񶼡
һҵƣҵһС㣬ڵȼѬ֮ǰַһССҩ裬ʾ˽ɫСҩ躬ڿУ򲻿ȥ
ܣҾҩҪĽһ¿ڸУеѳԡ
²СҩĿɬζεЦţȼѬ㡣
ѬϢɢջʱֻ涣˷𣬰һŨҵѪζص˵ıǼ⣬ƿɢı鿴Ҳĳ档
ڶĺɱ־Ȼɱһӵʱ䣬ʮ
Ǻ򣿡
Ϸ˶ĿŴľʮɱ书ǿΪλҡ
ǸҩʦղѬɢȺ˵ʶģֲþӦǰѶԷҪɱĿ꣬
ĸϷ˶ǰôһ¶
ôСǮ׬ˣһͷճһۣһ
źɱֵͷѴ֮ʮļ۸ˣһˬ֣
ڶɱ𣬻ԷҲϷ˶и˴ڣûٴȻҲûתˡ
һתۣ㵽
ŵҲ˹˫۱㿴һСӳǰΪԼڵظظĻ㿡εСӡ
˻
Ҫȴκȸ˴ϣæڶ˫֡
˵ҪǲĻͱҶ÷Ѿҽ㡣
κ赲˷еĿ⡣
Ҳǣ
ȳ̫ˣҼͣŮװװ࣬˲ϧı
ʲôֶİܣŲӰӵ²ȱˡ
ôһŷԼʧڵǸ
ܱܲˣ˿ֱˣܻҪ»
ıɷ׵ɫֳһ˿Ρ
ӣ
Ȼ䣬Ϸ˶˻æ⣬ڿԺһλСӺȲӰȻ֮ʱһ
Ϸ˶ǰϥ˵ϡ
ܣûбӡ
ϺˣΪҪѹСʲ
ĶȤĴ硣
ϵ˿ǺأֵʱѾҪҽȺĻͼˡ
һôصûиǾѲģҲʺãһϵĹ˹µ߶
ѣƽ£λСȡ
Ϸ˶һ磬ʾ
վֳŽ
лСӾ֮
˿ˣǮ֣Ӧõģ
ĶһȵĲˮǳһпģȴ᲻
Ҳˣɡ
ĲΪھǵʱ䣬Ϸ˶ȻҲҪҪȥԺһߺȲһ˵Žļƻ
ҪɱϷ˶ǿ˵ֻ죬ҲϹһڡ
ȥ̰ٻȥ췴
ֽô˵Ϲһڳ˻ʵ֮⻹˭ȥ췴ѡ
Ļ˵ʲôҲ⵵ġ
Сӷıǡ
Ϸ˶ôһ˵³һ
Ǿͺã˵
ļƻƽǱɣǵǵľֻҪ·̣Ϊ̰ٵ飬˵Գ֣ɱȻڻصǵ·̰ɱ֡
ɱʲôСһ飬Ǹһͷһļ۸񣬵ȵ˶Ǿֽ𸶿Ʊòˡ

1157 Ҫ

1157 Ҫ
ܲһȥİѣ뻹ƱȽϱЯ
һͷһļ۸ʲôСĿɱе֮УҲ֮صļ۸
ǽϷ˶ܸãһ˵ĵ˶Ϸ˶˵ĻҲа취Ϸ˶Ǯ³һӶ˽̡
ǾϹֻյ·̣ɲҲ֪·̻жôΣա
ԣҪ׼׵ɡ
ǮԤȥ׼һЩ
֣дҪǮִ֡
Ϸ˶ҲɣɾʮˬؽһƱڽˡ
ôƱûиʮҲа
ͲǮ·ô
кһƱΪϷ˶ôǮͲǮô
Ϸ˶һ仰˽ĵ»
ڼʮзֵֺ㵽֮ҪҰһЩ飬ô
Ϸ˶ЦݼţƺͿ͸˽һ
ɵӣߵλã˵ֱǲġ
ͻȻֵǾҽһֻ̤˻ǰСӣԲƽ޹¶ˡ
֮һԼԭȻ˵Ŀʲô֮һȻˡ
ıϷ˶Ŀƺ͸һ㣬һ˿˿⸡ֶ
ǿŮӵ˰ɡ
Ӧòɣ
İҡҡͷеƱ˻С
Ҿϲִ˺
һĨЦ⸡ڷ֮УĿȵļ뿪˿ջ»һϷ˶˵硣
ʲôֶİܣŲھƽԴ
һе罣ʣĽ滮֮Ӧɼһ˵ϣôء
һߣĺ뿪˿ջ֮󣬱ֱǵҩ
ſǮˡ
ҾͲˣ
һҩ˫۾ųҫ۵ĹâһͷҽҩһҩݣʾŵС˽Щҩȫ
С˿˿ҩƹ񣬽ӳƱƹһһŪƱӼһκȴҩݡ
ò˵ϹҩƷʮȫκҪĴ󲿷ҩݶУЩҩκȵһμģҩԻҩЧ϶һҩҪܶࡣ
ҵ죬ҵ죬мصޣݣû뵽Ȼˡ
ޣݵʱκ˫۶ֱǱµС޽ı顣
ڳϣĲˮŸ㣬յĿŴȺ
ʱ֮󣬶˻ص˿ջһͷҽ˷пʼҩݡ
ˣ
ţһ
ĳһ˿ף˿ȻڵûȣǺöڡ
Ŵ
ʾ⽪İѽ˿ԼҪôȣҪ
㴩ţ书ãѾһ˿ס
ǿн˿˻ϣ˵ӢʮĻԳһֱͷ緶
е󡣡
Ѳ㻹ô
ЦţϷ˶Ͷ˸ʲôȥˡ
ղ˸ˣϷ˶ȥڷ飬СӲô
ŬŬ죬Զڵֱüͷϵ˿ڱѿĹϵ
һ˿ڱˣôһʺı顣
ţˣҸµı
ûԹҲܣȻѧҽģȶҽ֣ǲҲĿȾѧһЩ˵ˣǰ¶ôھӪֲû
ȫȫôΪûڵڶˣֲֳܱʹֻ࣬ܺݺݵҧʹ
ôоĥ
Ӹĸ
Цţǹģ˭ȵ˶ġ
Ƭ֮Ϸ˶һİӴ˳ڿĻ˵ʱ򣬳Ŷ񣬱ת뿪˿ջ
ʱʱǲŶȥԼʲôҪôҿš
Ҳã
һЩҪȥ
ԺеλϣһŹһ߰ĺϷ˶һûһš
ղɶ
ҵļҶ񶼵֮ԸһС
࡫
ʱһϷ˶ĶӴ˳ҲеˣɿջķĲˡ
ˣ
ӣȥԸƹ׼һЩʳ
鰡
æеĹӣ˷ܵıס硢
ôȥǵš
ĲϷ˶˵һ̵ܿˣתۼûӰ
ӡ
ް
һߣҵƹģʾҪ³ƹ֪˵ݲ򵥣ܾûֱܾŽ˺
ջƹĸģ֪ᷢһĻ棬ҲѳСӡ
صջ֮УĴǶĵľֹĿ⡣
ƹģСڸɶ
ܣѣ
ű߰˿Ĵ󹫼ƹֲ̧ŵ亹
ôΪɶ˿ֲ
һУǸʼ
һĻĻ˵ˢƹԼջǵۣǴδ˲Ű徵ֳ
࡫
ֱĶڵ뿪֮ŻعһѾΪĳԼһɢζĺࡣ
ƹģ½һҪȻҾʹְ
Լǰ;вƹǻҪôʹְ
Сӵĳʵ̫ôˣһδżδĿֲ
뻻Сùжˣ
ƹѾˣȻع֮æԸų˰ѽķùĶȫӵյ
⣬ֱǵСӾǸħʮʮĶħ
ĶںصСԺϡ
ˣԾտĳհƵζѵࡣ
СССӣɶ⡣
ſˮǹ֮ζ۾ֱˡ
డǰףǰٺϣӣǵ飬˲Σѩ⣬˻̫꣬û뵽ջ̫ꡣ

Žһһ˵ӵĶֻ˶ˡ
˺ںһཬôֱٺӵȵȵҩݡ
԰ζӦû
һڴı飬Ϸ˶
ӣ¼һ԰ɡ
˵ţ縰ıǰһ˫ֶ룬ǰһðݵĺ࣬Ʋ˻þһ㣬ѾȥĹڳ֡
ӣҨһӺ࣬۾͵ߡ

1158 

1158 
ӣʲô⣬ͷӽС͵ȥԶǷǷ֮ء
£һڳеĺ࣬׽ûо׽ֱȥ
ɼŨҵζӺ뵽θʱһ޷ݵĸоϵشѪҺϴֱԺ
һڣֿϽ֮ʱĻ룬һΣҪô
ͬʹȫµÿһ䣬žһеڵϣ˫ֱϷŰۡ
ʱոҩκʲôѵһһҪܵߡ
ô¶
κʮֲ⣬Ȼ˵أĵزټõҩݶʮЧҩݣΪڵôңжס
κȽĿڽĵϣһںԼˤʱκ֢״ԭ
ε̾һκȽµҩˮĿУֱ罫еʳȫ³֮ɫЩ
ܣôҰҾѣ˶ѣ
ˣֻѣû顣
˵ˣǰ̵Ĳ裬ûзһЩõĶ
ӵĶǺö˲ѩ̫꣬㿴ЩĶɣټҵһ˳Բжġ
ȵĿע¼ʱĽĳձǰöˣǺõ̫̫ˡ
ʱɹĻҲˣһŰԼϵʳôһ¶
λȻҳҶʳ
˵ţŶ˹˹ֱʾԼľ֮⡣
û뵽¼仹˸ҳԽķˣӢۺܰ
κȵļʱһֱ£ṳ̂޵һںѾӰ
СҲ󣬳ҶܵĶܻ
ܲܲȤˣİҵĲģ˵ˣ̫˲ѩʲôҿɶǵѵı
ҪΪԼĳĳվûеô
ŶǸΪ£ʲô⣿
һۺںһƬ࣬Ϸ˶ûжóһëĶ
״ϡԱһëҲŵûӦü˹ëǰ޹˺֮
ʮĽë˵ϡ
׼ʱСķɵģͳȥͺˣǴ󹫼ʮַ˶ģԲ
Խ˵Խ£ȻѾµθʲôûУǣ̲סŻµ
ⶼʲôûгԣҡ
ӦңԺˣҶõջϰһڵģ
ڳһֻĽĵļ򣬲ýĺúûҸ飬ǻҪ˵ݽ붼ǣǵľĺݡ
Ϊֱ粻ٷӴԺԶɡ
ܣ²һ·ɣ׻˵úãһʤ߼
Ա˵Ǿһʤ߼ڽ˵Ƿһʤʮ
ҪŵĻԱ
Ϸ˶ƽƽĵﶼǣͲҪ飬ĳŮĶȤζԲк³ġ
κȳ̾һҡҡͷƺҲȰ˵ŽĲҪ³ˡ
κôţĴͷһͷɥı顣
֪֪ˣԺ³ô㰡
ȻˣҩҲѾɣһ뿪˾ǣǰϹĶǡ
뿪ǵһ̿ʼڰеһ˫˫۾㶢Žĵˡ
СһЩ
İɣЩ黹ӵĶ֡
˫罣ʱʣӦ˲Σա
˵ʲôʲô뿪ǲãʮ˱ס˵ȥ·
ʮƺ׼еȫǶǰе·塣
ιȡô
ϳֵʮɱ֣ڰݷ׼ʱһɱֲˡ
ݵһĶ׼һλһӣ㿴һֻϸС䵽ϣһϢʱ䣬ϵĺɱֿ°ĭȫ鴤ͣ
Ϲ˻Ǵϳء
һĨЦݸڴǣĿһۻһԾԼٶȳǰȥ
վϷ˶ߣ䱸Ŀܡ
罪һȺбڴ˴һˣȫ͹˽Ļκȵս
˱һ˸Ӱ࣬ɱȷʵһȺ˶޷ܵǿ
࣡
޷߶޷÷ֻܴϷ˶н彣˽·ĺնɱ
һ䣬֮ʣһк˵ࡣ
ͷ
ڴʱĳĺ˾еĳнģϵϷ˶׼ȥȣȴκֹˡ
κû˵ڶ˵ӡǸưͣһٶҲ߶˲ǳ֡
ں˳һ˲䣬罣ҫ۵Ĺâһ˺ɱ֡
ɵƯ
žһ˻ףʤ
ڶ˵ͬ裬𲻵ʲôã
˵Щ͹˶Էģɱڲ֪ѾǱ뵽˶ĺ󷽣׼ŻͽĶϾ֮ʽϷ˶
ƺκȵĴڣ޺СһӣɫķĩƮɢڿУȺɱ־𳤵ȥſſĵڵò˺䡣
ŵڽµĺɱ֣κüͷһı˵ҿô۸ô
κָָָָԼǰ§κȵļοš
ˣ˭ҪǸСܣ֤ø֮ء
Ǿǣ޵о˫
ĺͻ˷ţôôñŤ
ǰܸˡ
ǰ·ϰɨøɸɾһٴ̤ǰǵ;
·̣ȴߵĺһ
֪ʱ˴꣬˱УտɱžţտԭʼڿС
˵Ϸ˶ǲǾ˼ҵأҪȻЩôôɱɱ㡣
һ·ϿνǾһͷһĿ㣬Ѿ͸ȼˡ
һһɱǰ̵ĳڻͽļκȵ˺ɱ֣ԷɳһӪصɱֳĻǺ롣
ĺܺ棬Ϸ˶ʲô飬ȻǵôɱֲҪĸ
ȻǴǵ㡣
һĨЦǶǵĸڴǣӵ۵ףܾϷ˶˲򵥣ǲҪСĺɱҲҪһЩϷ˶
ȵõľ麣֮һҪ뿪Ϲ

1159 ˵е

1159 ˵е
겻ͣţԽԽ󣬺ҹϹС
ĿǽϣĿŴơ
붼ǻһյ·̣ǰʱʱ̶̿źɱֳ֣ۿžҪˣŻиΣս١
ĻκԼҹֵǣһϲδκ飬ƽĺܡ
ֻҪһţԵﶼǵĵؽ磡
һվСӶ԰һҡŵľţϴˮλǵĹϵľһ㶼ںˮС
ô죿
·Ǹ塣
ɵ붼ܲµõϱֽţҪǹĴ߹ȥһʲô飬ʱȻֻŽҹ˲Σա
Ǳô
ָָԶȽǳĺ̲̲ԵһС
ӲһҪţҲġ
ĸڻĶ˵һЩ΢΢üͷأһĨͽһģһĻЦС
ҾÿС
Ǿж
һһ񴬣κҪһЩҩۡ
ȥһҴҲȥ
κȣϷ˶СͽĶһ񴬣񴬳źŻʻȥ
ĺͻ˫ָڱһվͷһվڴβ
ڰɭĺɱֿһ񴬻վڴͷǻϷ˶Ķˣǰȥеĳ֮·ɱ⡣
һɭеĺˣһԾԽˮУ˳ȥҪɱϷ˶֮ʱȴпһˣˣһɹζԽŨҿӽţȫޱȡ
ʱˮеĽĺͻһҴڴͷЦеĺˣһںɱֻ˻֡
ݰݣǶǼ
ҩ۲û֮ǣҩ۵ĹЧȴʮǿģԴȾΧˣʱͻʧЧ
ƽĹСӣ˶ǵĵؽ磬سǵĽһ¥µϷ˶æš
سǽ׼֮ʱϷ˶ֹˡ
Ҵ˴ⲻš
ְˡ
سǽһ۽Ļκˣӵ˼ػϷ˶뿪
λ롣
ɶ
¿һˣ书͡
Ǯ
سǽֻǵĻӦ˽һ䣬㳯Ŷȥ㿴ҿ㣬ҲҪ붼úݣ¸ë
Ļκ˸سǽ˶ǣҲ֪ΪΣһɽŵϢǴ֮ǰǰһ
˱һ԰ڣźţһɫӡ
е㲻ϰߡ
е㣬ĲϰߣѳԵȥɡ
һȥֻʣˡ
˵Ϸ˶ʲôݣǸسǽ̬˱΢
Ǹ֮ģΪʧİ
ûѹΪ˻Զ˺ɱô
ˣ͵ˡ
ʱһڱԺڣΪ׵磬Ѿһ൹мɫȸոǹǱӺõ̫ˡ
ϺǣⲻֵôǲǸǮˡ
ĹӲ¶ˣЩλͽ𡣡
ʾӷڵϣһӵĽ鱦ƱһӦȫһ׬Ǯˡ
ˣȻǮǵԼ͵ϰɡ
һЩȽֵǮұЯС˱Уʣ´ĶЯͲҪˣҲò
λѵûʲôҪʵô
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ֱ߽ģһʳڣض鷳ϡ
ˣҪȥӣǶദôˣиѣֱȥ¡
һʼΪӵĽȥ²ժһɵ飬ŶϹ˽ԽԽ࣬Ҳô򵥡
ȥӣҪԡ£ҾһϵиӵĲ跽ɽ룬Ļ̤㲻˰벽
ǣŮӣôѹñ˼壬԰õ硣
ôǿǾ빲ѣ¶첻ô
΢΢üͷʱ֪ʱߣһ˫۾ɭЦݡ
˵˴û˵ѵģݵµƽ񡣡
λˣͱҵϱǣʱһὫϣʱλƾӱֱ
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Ĵ˸ָ죬ôһͺ˵ˡ
ҹɫϹǣκȴӽϻʱԵЩš
ĲĿŶˡ
զˣô
һˮѹȥеĲŻشŽĵĻ
ҪǱ˻˵³ֵ˹Ķ
˵κڹҹеʱˣĺպ˾ͽˣŮװûбӭ߹ĺշ֡
ôڶǣ
֪Ҿúܿǲ׽ʲôϢ
ĺպ˾ͽ֪Ůӵݡ
УʱҪСĽɣԷֹҪ鷳
磬Ȼʾӣƾӣ˿ȥ˸ַļֱӲӡ
һӵ˶ڰ죬ѡǰѰҺݡ
һҹڵĶǵһƬɭ֣һ߼ʡ
ɫ֮£ͷȥߴɭ֮Уʮۡ
ô
ݽӣרŵ˲ɭ֡
ԭΪӵ˲࣬ϾϹ֮أԾɷࡣ
Ϲӣǰӵ߰ײվ˶Ե쳣ر
ͺͷҿܣĻһЩ
λˡ
ɶǸô
ָɫ¸ߡŵĲСЦЦ
λ֪Ƭɭֶ֦ɣСָɣֻϷ֮˲ʸǰӡ
Ǻأ
Ĳںʲô֦ɵ飬ںǺݡ
ֲֻ֮²ܳɳ
Сһ˵˿ű˴üͷ
ôһȦĵط
رأֱһǽΧʵʵҪǵݻ뷨ӡ
ע⵽С˻˵Ϸҡ
ֲܾϷ˶˲򵥡
ȻǾзˡ
û´ӡ
һڼ˶Ѷ棬뿪ɭ֡
ϹеĴϣĿɫԾߺȣ̲סЦ
Ҫų³֪һɱϹƶܰϹƽˡ
Ľ㣡
κҧŴǣɫĸˣǵýĹЦ

1160 

1160  
Ϊֻǰ²ժݣû뵽ᷢ顣
Ϸ˶Ϸң
˫ۣϣͷ˫֡
Ľ㣬ʲôأ
Ϸ˶
˵Ϸ˶֣ӾǼϷ˶ʱ򣬾;˵ݲ򵥣û뵽Ϲҵˡ
ô˵Ҳо֮СæӦòʲôѡ
ӣκӣô
ڴʱһ
ԺԺУҿҲû˵Ӱֱϵ
Сô¶û¾ϲϷء
Ϻǣʲôˡ
Ĳڷϣһͷһûŷϵשߣ˵졣
ȻǼ¶λλ
ЦţĿκϵʱ򣬻㱼ʧ
ӷϳһƬƬ㳯˹ȥ
ֶİܣŲһͶ㡣
ڶʲôطҲ֪Իֱ뺷Ը񣬵ȻǶͷ
ʧˣλϳǼѾȺʱˡ
ȥǲȥ
κȵĿ⿴ŽģڵŽĶᡣ
Ϸ˶ݲ򵥣֮鲻Ҳ֪ض鷳ࡣ
ǲȥĻòݣ鷳
ȥ
£һԾ˷ܣκҲŽ뿪˱Ժ
ݳһֱǰУκȴ˸ǷڻУƬ֮˯˹ȥ
ģϷ˶ʲôĿģ
֪СΪϾɱҲˣԲǷ֮
Ӿǵǵ죬ֹһɱִɱϷ˶кڵɱ־Ӷ࣬Ҳ׵֮ˣ·;ӵʿʮơ
Ĵ췴ɣ
뵽˴ĽĿڼϡ
뿪ĻֻҪɱ˱ԣôˣֳ˾·
Χɵĸǽ֮ߣûκΪ޷ʵôߵĽ
˵Ψһİ취͸ҵ˴Žɣժݡ
ˣһһ
Ϸ˶ǲ췴ЩûκιϵҪľֻкݣֻҪõݱɡ
ݳ֪Լһ⡣
ʱ֮ͣ˹ǽ⣬߸ߵĹǽΧһ˿ץסһҵȨҪȥҪʵǸߵλá
λС롣
ǰĻκ˸ƱܿһȺ˵ĶĿ֮˸һ档
֨һƿ֮ӳýİ˫ۡ
Ϊ׵Ϸ˶վϷ˶ߵ˲˾ͽĺն˻˭
λּˡ
ĺЦżᣬЦûκα飬ԾǻӶеȣ涼͸˷еϢ
˾ͽҲˣһ˫綾߰˫ԴĳֵʱĶĽڡ
Ȼ˾ͽĺˣϷ˶ҲŮӵݡ
빬Уϣ˫ȽһŶȣյıɢ
ԭ˾ͽ˺ĺˣ֪нյһĻҵ㲻飬ûнǶ˸Ͼɱء
ʮָתŲ豭ÿһÿ仰ж͸ɱ⣬
˵Ϸ˶ı⣬ҪΪأ
ĿڽϷ˶ֵʱĺպ˾ͽסˡ
¡
£
˾ͽеôʣЦˡ
ԭϹĻʵۡ
ֲãܾ˵ݲ򵥡

ƵѹƣΪɢӦϵϢûпϷ˶ϹĻʵҲ֮е顣
Ϸ˶֣ʾ˾ͽ˺
СӡӦóƺΪ
סҺòƲϤ㻹ǽҽСӱȽϺʡ
еЦİϷ˶ܲϲĽġ
ϲ빲첻µزµŮӡ
ʵӿջʼϷ˶ʹӰе֪˽Ůӵݡ
ֻǰŮ봫˵еŮƺԯޡ
ʲôڿŲŪ㡣
һ鴤罣׼磬ù类ָදҲҶҪ¡
ǲ£ֻǾ㵣û뵽κӾȻŮӣֲһ˳ʮֲ
װˮôû˵Ļô
ýתߡ
˾ͽӦ֪ĺռҵĶ֣֮ûжǼɱ֣Ϸ˶Ŀġ
ͷбĿرȶֵ˾ͽϣϤһһ
˾ͽĺգ½
ǣ£
Ҳ½ɡ
Է˶Ҳʾ罣
ջ罣ĿȴԾɶżˣ˾ͽĺգ˰˻ûء
ΪǸոôĴȥɡ
ǽףۣһֱҪѰҵһḽϽݡ
Ϸ˶һ仰ýĵ˫һΰš
Ȼ֪ǵĿģӦǴҽʦүӿе֪ġ
ҽʦүӵӣ򲻵ǲǵģӦĺպ˾ͽֶβ׳˻
ݺͽݣֲҩҪģ֪ƾʲôҪǡ
ǣָĲϷ˶˾ͽĺյˡ
ôֵģϷ˶ӦѾ֪ˡ
ΪҪݺͽݣ޿Խֲҩ㣬һ֪ͨĹʹߣѰҪĵӦݡ
Ϸ˶һ仰ĳĬƬ̡
ʮֵˣ˵ıǸԨһݽȥܾǰյ
ãΪҵҪʲô
ĴӦϷ˶
Ϸ˶㹻ʱ˽ףϾ˵ҩݾϷ˶С
ܼ򵥣ֻҪǻŮӵװ磬һɳʹ
˶ѣ
Ŀ˿κȣҲ벻Ȼ
һ㹻ŷɡ
̧Ϸ˶ӡ
ŮϹĴ൱Ů˵УŮϹŮ߱¡
ѾϹĻʵˣѲɻ쵱ʴ۲ɣ
˲⣬ϷѾϹĻʵˣΪλҪô
ȵȣ
ӾϷ˶ʱϷ˶ɱִɱڼ֣һĻĻƬκϢһ𣬽뵽һԡ
鲻Ϸ˶Լ췴Լ˴ɱϷ˶Ȩλ
ɱ˭
ϹϷ
Ϸ
ϹҲϷ˶Ļ壬Ȩ֮ݺᳯҰ˵ֻ졣
һϷ˶΢˽ã˭֪Ϸ˰ɱ׼ϢɱϷ˶ԼϹı

1161 Ϊ

1161 Ϊ
°汾е಻ʲôˡ
һߵһ߿ŹһߺŲˮһϷ˶˵ϷҵĶ
ǹȨĶΪǸλþ㶼ԲкȻδ飬˵ĿҲŹһ
˵ˣκȾκĹȻϤˡ
ȣأ
Ҳ˾Ӷֻ࣬ϰȨͳŹңµԼһɿ֣ҵȨֱʱ޷ƿ
ڻ飬κȱκ˶
ңκѡȡסƶȱκιҶҪпᣬоܻóá
ԵĵκôһӴеˡ
ҲǣԵĵҲˡ
ŮӺŲˮŰԣܽϹҵһЩ顣
ϷҪϷ˶ΪϹĻʵۣϷ˶þڻضǵ·ϱɱ˽ˡ
ϷʲôõŮܵõµĴţĺպ˾ͽڲԭδŮӵĶ˱㽫һԻտš
տ̵ȣ
ˣ֪ʲô˼ˣʲôŮŮתôֻҪܰѺݺͽݸǣ˵תˣû⡣
ΪĵֻнݺԼӦݡ
ã֮Ľױˣһ֮޻Ὣݺ˫ַϡ
һʱ̫ʮյʱ䡣
һµʱǵȲˣÿһÿһ˵ʮģܵ顣
ʮ죬ʮʱ䡣
ʮУǻԼӦĽɫ
ӦȥѰӦݡ
Ȼʳԡ
֮Ľʽˡ
ģκȺͻҪıǴŮڻʹϷ綼Ϲתơ
ʣµҪǵġ
ʲôһٶľ㣬ӵĻԷǰɡ
κȵǰֹ˷еĹâ
ӡ㣬ųС֪ͼı죬ǻһϹˡ
ǻʵųô
գ͹
˼֮õ͹˾סˡ
˵ϹŮסĵطֻŮʸס͹С
Ϲˣ˶ӣĲ㣬ıʾȫ뿪ǵ徻
ʮͨһĹڵϣȫͣ
Ůˣū֪ū֪Ů˲Ҫǡ
֪Ƿʲô
һ⣬ûڵ˵ĵزȺôǴͷԶħһı顣
ҳô
ò绨
ҲǲȺô¶Щ뿪͹ôôһŵҪ
Ǿ֪ˣǷźǵģǱĻǿּһܵͷģ˵õѡ񡣡
κȰڶŻƿеʻƵ˵һȺ˺µԭ
ⲻȺȻвѵĿԣ˶ŮӣضĲ㡣
ſڵϵһʮˣÿһ˶ǼΪεӣĿ
ɣȻ漰ǵ͹ˡ
лŮˣлŮˡ
лŮˡ
лŮˡ
һߵ׸мŽˣվһԣ˵ڸ˱ϲˮӶƤУˮʲôĶǳֳɵģýĻκȶֻ֣ҪɾͿˡ
ʮУи̧ͷŽģһ˫Ĵ۾˲㱻ĵЦˡ
ŮôȫͬŮӡ
ڿʲô
ͷЦſԼꡣ
ӦԳһЩĿʣһ˫۾Źů·̫һ
ͨһڵͷϴ½Ķŭȥˡ
ڵϵʱʮΪ׵ҲڵΪ顣
ŮԶͻСأóȻײŮˡ
Զ·Զ⣬Ὣ¶֡ɳ˵ϻûô෱Ƚڵ¶
Ļ˻֣ʾ˺Զ
ⲻ֪ķһ仰ӦС
·Զ⣬Ὣ¶
ģʲôʱҲôĲˣ·Զ⣬Ὣ¶˵ĳİ
ЦŽģû뵽Լһ仰¶İжôŨҡ
ΪֻϧĳѾͷ֪ԼľٶĻǣơ
˵İСҸѧϰ书֮⣬׻һЩʫʣöʫʶʱδνȴúܡ
ʫʣĽ㣬ﶼ̹ЩʫܸܲңҶ
ҩ֮⣬Ҳʮϲʫʡ֪ӺδֽʵȴŽļ˵ʫ䡣
öʫҶⷹȥˣĲ࣬밡
ŬĻ׽̵ʫʣܱʫʶ
һһ׵ʫ˵ʱ򣬲κȽһһһԵʮ˶μУվ͹Ϸ˶
ȥմУһӳ졣治֪δȥһЦ硣
治֪δȥһЦô
һĨɬЦݴ۵Ϸ˶һ̤͹
λŮϲ޴͸ǵЩˡ
ūŲμ¡
˽Ļκ֮⣬͹˷׷׹ڵߵӭϷ˶
Щģɶ¶
Ϊ²һ¶
ʲô鶼
˵ʱϷ˶Ŀڽĵķϣϲ˫۾ĵϲ
ɶֱ˵£Ҷë
Ľ˽ϵ·ʾϷ˶лֱ˵
λŮһͬǰ
һж˵
һֽǮһְ¶ûϲ
ˣݷϡ
Ϸ˶Ͳµ˽Ļ˵ʲô׼˺ݡ
ֻһ꺣ݵ˽֮˲ήΪһɿݵĻ
ʲô˼ң
ɫ˲һӽŵĵ˼㡣
ڵϵˣҲ͹绺ڡ
Ů֪һԣֻֽժ˷ɽЯߣǾ˵ڶ˵֣˲ή
ֲôƢҲ̫˰ɡ
ںݵԽ˴δ˵
Ž˵仰ʱϷ˶Ц˳
ĳ˵Ըһô
Ŷô˵˭ô֪أȻձǰ˵ҪҪ׼ʲô
ĹСϷ˶ĵ׸ϲ
һ仰˵ҲҪõݣֻǰľȥժ
ǰľʱ򿴵һĻĻ˻·żƤ

1162 

1162  
ǵˣǱǰľȥժȡ
ȵϹ֮Ϸ˶ҲϽݣѾǰĹѰӦݣвҩҲֻʱ⡣
գģκ˻ŮװʮֻŮװ
Ű£ˮɫĳȹκǷɫĳȹֻվԭرƲߡ
ٿŲİ۾
κȻ赲Ŀ⡣
Сһвõͼ
ˣϳ㣡
κȲδĿ⣬Ż˳еĽ΢΢̧Ź͹еʮˡ
簡һЩ㣬ǻԡ
ǣŮˡ
˳뿪˻ʹڹŴϷ˶ϣһƺƴǰʢ
ιϷǸʲôӵү
żݳ磬ϷһֱҪ췴ɱϷ˶ôһ·Ȼ˵ɱֱ鲼δʲôΣյ顣
ȻҪΪ˵书̫ȺˣЩɱûᡣ
ôôе㲻Ծ
ĻΪֻڻʵ۲ڻʹʱα
ô˵أʢүǿű³ģұܳΪϹʵҲʢүĹͣɲ֪ΪΡ
εĻû˵ʵҲһֱơ
ʢүͺһһɳɱִɱ£һʱ仹ʧƮΨһһμʢүǰ֮ǰ顣
ԴǸʱ䣬Ҳûмʢү
ΣСĵǡ
Ľһݸκȡ
κȿصҩ֮ʱ˫ˢһ
⾹Ȼʦ˵ഺפҩ
ʲôഺפдﵽһ֮Ȼפˡ
һдһЩ֣ʲôνҩֻӻ˥ϰˣе
ֻвϵΪԼľﵽһĳ̶ȣ̤Ϊ֮ʱƤȻͣǸʱ
׵ɵүүǣ˶ѾòҲͣڽ׳һ˲䡣
ԣէһȷʵҩүү˵ҩƣҩȴżǿҵĸá
κȷҩϼŵ
ҩʱʦ˵ںܾúܾǰһҩֻҪҩ˾ͿԳòԶᡣ
ԣҪջȨĻʵǣҪഺפŮǷ׷ѰҩǸٴĴҲĸԸ
ǵҩʱȻҩдŵûÿһλҩݶǼ亱ģɵЩҩݻһе˳֮£ȴĶҩ

ԣǵ÷ȥ÷һһһʬ⡣
κȵüͷ⻭ôʲôط
ģôˣ
㣬Ľ顣
κҡҡͷʾʱҪŽġ
ڣƬ֮󣬽κ˵
ǰˮʱ˵һаķӡ
ֲãֲôϤ
ҩɵһҩɹˣһΪаа֮
ǰշӷõĻ˽ܼʹ࣬һתΪһʶʬ⣬ȡ֮һʬõ
Ҳ˵һ˷ҩʼҲˣһʬ塣
ҵ죬ôֲôΪԼ˲˹Ķ
еķǧǧޣħޣ֮ޣʬޣȵȵȡ
бʬޡ
Ҳû뵽Ϲҵʬ޵ķӡ
ʬޣúõ޲ȥħҲԣΪʲôһҪѡʬޣ
ǲ⣬ħ޶ãΪһҪѡʬޡ
ûһԭ򲻻ѡʬޡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪Ϊλѡʬޣвֻزʬ޳ɹһɹֱ̤񾳵Ĵڡ
ǣʬ޵ҩôϹ
һֱں㣬һ⻹ⰲţ
ˡ
˵䣬Ѿͣ
ͣһ̣еĽ˱оƵĿ⳯Ͷ
Ǹǻǻ㲻
ҪݺԼӦݣûбѡ
һϮˮɫȹĻֲŷ³ȹκȣһɫȹĽҲ֮˳ǰһ˲䣬ؼ˲ž
罪ܵһһĿֱֱĿˣϵ´µϣ޲ð˿һ
һĿ⿴Щ꣬뿪ˣ
λŮ
Ϸ˶ߵߣһ˫֮ɫ֪Ϸ˿Ǵ¶С
˸Ϸ˶ʢһ·ϣ˵Ŀⶼۼ˵ϡ
ʢүϷķأϹĻʵҲʢɼʢүڳе
ټʢ;ۼǰ֮ˣʼδ˵еʢү
μ£λŮ
ӴϷ˶ͽ˵ʢĹܼңܼǸ欵ӣ۽ǵһԵ÷ޱȣǸȴıŮӻҪ
أǻٳΪûм塣
Ϸ˶ĿбĿʢĹܼңеѾ˴ʱ˿̵Ĳ
ʵԼʢʢү٣֮ٳȴڳӻʵ۵ϣǻɱˡ
رµĻү岻ں԰
Ŷôһ˵޵Ҫȥ壬аʱδ壬ãλŮҲʢκһҽžκһ
ݹܼҳɣϷ˶Գĺ԰ȥ
Ϸ˶ƺʢϤ
ȻСʱ򾭳ʢ
СʱÿһʲôΣջ嶼ἰʱߣ֮ȴɳɱִɱ
ۿЩɱʢҲŻʹɱ֡
˫ȭһʢҲΪһԭ
ϲǸλãΪʲôҪѾðΣսʵ۱
ʱܼŸЩĻ֮⡣
£үزᴫȾµġ
ܼԽϷ˶ϷıԽǿҡ
֮ҲҪϷ
ޣ
ңֻүĲʮأֹ
һܼϹʵǰʲôԭнĲ֪ǶȻ¶
İɣǼҽҲСѧϰҽүһֻ̤˹Źضܽ
˵ףվϷ˶ߵģϾݺݺӦϷ˶߬š
׻˵úã֮˷ǡ
Ľ㣬ûС
꣡
˸ո̤԰оһϢȻʧȥΪȴܸоڿеһֹ֮

1163 ʬ

1163 ʬ
ħ
ǣΪʱɥʧħĻǲ𲻳

Ҳԣһζеζһ
ħʲôϢ
㿴ҿ㣬ֻ԰ڷס
Ϸ˶ˣ̤԰ƿ˺԰լţǣϾȻһ䣬ʮֵˣѪѪ
Ϸ˶׼̤԰լԺ֮ʣļʱסϷ˶
˺󡣡
ΪΡ
լԺĴѾƿӡľϵķҲѾ˺١
ųʱԺվµİɢųͷϷȥС񣬶ΧŸŨҵϢ
˺󡣡
Ϸ˶ı飬ԺİӾʢүϷˡ
Ҳ֪˿ӲתȻϷ˫ȴѾûǲ
ʬ
ŵʬ޷ʱ򣬽ǺϢǵǲ
Ҳ֪Ǹǻʬ֮ˣΪȫʧʱʬ֮ˡ
塭ôˣ
Ϸ˶ûὪĵĻ̤Ժ֮У˫ۻǲϷкöö໰Ҫ˵ڡ
ȻϷƺʶϷ˶Ϸ˶һ˲䣬һƼҺýһѽϷ˶ŵֵϷһƻϷ˶ࡣ
ûʱͣߣ
Ϸ˶뿪Ժ䣬ԺеϷۿ׷ؼһ̣ҧָľϻһѪ䣬ֹϷ׷
ô¶Ϊʬޡ
ʬޣΪʬޡ
Ϸ˶ʲôʬޣҲúϷ˶͡
ȥѹܼץҪҪʬ
ף
Ǹ欵Ĺܼһ֪ʲôŰٰ԰¶Ӱ
ʲôʬޡ
Ϸ˶ҪŪ׻嵽ôˣΪλ˲˹
£ΪʬһɵķţЩҪܼʹӻתʬ壬еõ
κΪϷ˶ʬ޵һЩ飬ϷڱǴʬ޵ĵһ׶Σոմתʬ壬Ȼʶ׶εʬʶǲ壬޲Ĺˡ
ϵһҲΪ˷ֹϷ뿪Ժ˼ˡ
ץˡ
ʱѪĹܼһصǰ
Żϵһۣκ۵Ҫ
㣬ˣ
û¶Сˣû뵽书ĸߣҲǸʿ
ǻһЩӣץʢĹܼҡ
欵ĹܼұñףûǷϵģ
̽Ѱ߹ܼҵıϢŷֹܼҲѰ֮
ʬߣ
ô֪ʬޣ
ܼƺܲ콪Ϊʲô֪ʬ޵飬̧˫۲ӵĿ
ô֪ģϷйϵɡ
ĺȷϷΪʬߺ͹ܼ벻˹ϵ
ϷߵĻԼ޷̤ʬ޵ż
вѵĿԣүˡ
ܼ˵ʱĿ⿴լԺеĵ˿١
Ŀһ۾֪ܼ˵Ļģֻ
ɵô˶ʺʬޣ㻹үƽĻţýе鶼ǡ
ʳЩҪ׷ϷֻǵҪ֪ʬеķεİأϾޣҲʶħ֮ˣл֮ˣʬ޻ǵһμ档
Ϊ㡣
ܼҵĿһڽĵϣ˵һƾʲôǰļˡ
ƾֿܳȭʬߴıס
ĵĻмв֮⡣
Ǿ仰Ȼ˵ʧȥΪɶԸʬ߻Ǵ´ģֻҪִܾʬߣԣܼһûǸ磬Żᱻߡ
ȻҲˣϵĻˣӦҲʬ𶯣Ҫúõĵ
ͱǿˡ
κȵĵֱ䣬˵Ϊ˲ǵĻһνı顣
û¶еۡ
ЦţӲĽѪѹȥջܲȵ񣬰
úúãۣˣ⹷أһƼЩҹͷ㼰ʱ
ֵַһԣκ
˭С
Թܼתͷһ
ʬߣȻδ̤񾳣˼Ѿǹٶ֣ȭȭ۵
ٱƱһŲҰԴš
һȭӳвŹܼҡ
㣬ǲô
֪ˣ֪ˣˣ
κһ仰ʵ
ǵʲôˣǷ˵
պ«ưϷ̤ʬ֮еô¶
ЦҲˣҲ˵ˣҲ˵һ˵Ϸˡ
ܼҿһ۽ģֿһլԺڱӡŵϷµҲûʲôˡ
ҽк룬ʬߡ
˵ص㡣
Ĳ֪ǲʬߣĵϷΪɶʬߡ
˵ľ֮ʣϷֵı仯ΪΡ
˵Ϸʬ޵򣬻ҪʮǰϷ˺˵
ʬҪ٣һٱǳΪʬߵĵһżֻ̤żܲʬС
ڶٱʬ߽оĽ١
ʱĺոնɽٳɹ׻ɽֵֻϧʱϹУ㱻ˮ嵽˰ߣϷ
Ϊ˱飬ϷʢסˣҳΪʢĹܼҡ
ʢϷʵϷ˶ֶ֮֮УϷ˶֪үȴѾǽ֮ˣΪ˰ʵ۴£ʢү֪ԼҲҪҧһ
ʵ۱дһϵеҲʢү֮ǰԸģΪľ˳ûʵ۽ȫȥ
֮ǰˡ
Ϸ˶ʵ˫ȭ˫
ţүǰѾȥˣ֮һе鶼ġ
볤̾һλү˵Ҫ
ҲҪΪֶϷ˶룬ôôĿүΪһѰ׹ǡ
ԣϷһδʵʱ򣬺뽫ʬҪҩ͵ϷĿС
Ǵ˾ٳɹˣʢү̤ʬֻ֮ҪȹһѣɽָʶֻʱʶңԺ˻˷Ϸ뿪Ժ䡣
Ǵ˾δܳɹ佫үڼ֮أһתϷ̤ʬ֮·
һеס
Ϸǰˣʣµ鶼ǺϷǰ
֪Ϸ˶þûп˵Ƭ֮վԺǰĿ͸ŵķ϶վͷӡ
壬ϵô
Ϸ˶ᣬƺڶԼ˵ֺűˡ
ڲϵ㣬ȵϷ̤ʬ֮·ʱ򣬻֮ǰһС
ʬߵʹ࣬һΪʬߣǰԻǣǵԼ˭
ҲΪˣʬֻ߲زȻһС

1164 

1164  
ʬߣҲ˽Ǻɣȵȡ
ͬطвͬĽз
ô˵أ˵һÿÿ˵ĻÿҲÿһеĵ·
ǧ֣ޣħޣ֮ޣʬ޵ȵȣûҪΪеķŲͬΪа
ֻҪһн
ǡ
ιʬܲӣ
ź룬ħް޵ȵȵжܺһӣȻȻ׼Щķᣬ˺˺ħమᱻѹš
ʬأ̶ܲ
㲻ޱȣҹעĵҲ֡
С˼ô
˻֣ղŻͺһܣ˵ֵһ
˵ģɱֵĻڵһĶ֡
ϾʬߣΪʱɥʧ˵Ĳȥһ˭ʤ˭ء
˵ЦˣλӦ˰ɡ
ţϹѰһЩҩݣѹΪʱɢҪȻҸô
𶯣
ոոõıֱˣκһԹԵá
ţҲ˵ˣֵѹƵе˵ĵزҲˣҪҪǻȥҸұ֤ǵΪˢˢˢ̤ҲǺпܵġ
ϵǰԼڵС
˺Ĺ֮󣬻ֵ˻֪ͼӲ벻
Ŀôܴܲүһ𣿡
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˾֮Žĺκȵ˺εĿŻ
㶼ѻ˵ˣǻԸë
ǻ˵ģѹƵе˵ĵزҲǸ˲ţҵҩص֮ʱҲԴźϷһȥ
ʱķʲô飬˶ҲһЩæ
ˣʢүѾȥˣΨһľǷһУʢүУȵ̤ʬ֪Ҳ˵׼
仰ֻǰΣϷ˶ԡ
ʬֻ߲ز֮У̤ʬ޾ȴǰ֣Ϸ˶վϷǰҲϳղΪλᱻϷ
վڴǰϷ˶Ծ͸ŵķ϶ϷӰ
壬ô
һĻĻ治ϵϷ˶ǰ֣ǺϷһֵͬĻ棬лЦܰˮ
κȿһϷ˶εҡҡͷվҪΪˣԽִԽá
빫ӡ
κǰһ빫ӽеͷˡ
Ůˡ
ôκɡ
˵ţκȽǱʬҩ˳ָһЩ
ǰʢүʺʳַӣʵ䷴޸˼԰ιʢүŲһʱʢүʶǵ״̬
лκ
˵ţҪκȹ£ڻæס˺룬ҲΪٶǣʹ
ˣ߰ɡ
ĳ˳Ϸ˶ӣЩ鶼ѾעˣȻ֪ԭίֺαִš
أϷҲ뿴ԥϷ˶ûнز֪Ϸ˶ҲҪԵһϷ룬Ϸ˶һûʵۡ
һĨصЦ⸡ڴǣһ˲䣬ʲôעϷ˶У޷ΪϹĻʵֲòһݿʳȥ
תϷ˶뿪˺԰ʲô鶼ûзһ뿪ʢ
ɴʱվµİĿ֦ϵС񣬿ſɬϷ˶֡
ֺֻܿŷɢأ˵֪
⣬һ˴ʢ뿪֮֡
ǰϷ˶һͨҲϷõһ·
Ļκرص£ԶԶأ㿴һƬһƬʢŷɫСƮš
ЩǺôƯ
ʢ£һһɫЦκǰժźݣСı
ͽҲǰ뺣ݵĺУһ绺Ƣĸоȫ
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Ǻ治ϵǰӿţѪһƬ쳣Ŀ־塣
Ľ㣬ôˣ
ĵɫɷףκȷźúݺ󼸲ߵߡ
ô¶Ľô䣿
Ѿݽĵĸо
ڽǰһƬɽľҲоԼڱɽ֮Уݴ
Ľ㣡
ģ
κȺͻڶ߲ϽŽĵ֣ɽĵʶȴԽԽģоԼڲϵ³˵걻ʲôţҪ˺һ
㡣
ѩɽۣȴѪȾͨ졣
һʺµŮ̱ڵϣȥʱˣѪᷭӿš
ң㣬òϹŮӣϹе˹¶
£żµŮһԾѩɽһĨʺ֮ɫϵ䣬һеǰҪץסŮӣȥֻĿŮʧǰ
ѩ׷ɣ޾İˡ
ɽۣɽ¡
һ죬죬졭
Ůûг֣һΣԶԶʧˡ
һһѳᴩࡣ
彣Լ
䲢ûΪ˵ʹĻ
֮ϹϹŮӳ֣ϹҲ̤Ϲһ
ҹɫ¹ˮڽĵϡ
ڴϵĽĻ˫ۣıˡ
Ľˣ
ô
ôˣ
ĵͷѹŵӡˣļȴȼů¯
û¶ˣ
ǷȻ֪ΪͻȻˣ֪ʾ֤û¶ˡ
㻹˵أһôˣаһȫͣ
ңʲôʱ顣
ŬĻţժݵʱ򣬺ʲôĵһӱըһȻһĻĻİĻ治ϵӿֳ
Щδġ
ô
Ϸ˶Ž֮˹
ڿƽµĽ֮³һ
ôͻȻε
֪Һͺݲϰɣʼ¶ϹΪʲôֻûŮˣУ˭
мǸżɱŮˣŮǰϹ
ô֪
˵ֵʱϷ˶һ¡
ֻϷ巽ֻ֪м̳лλ̫Ӳʸ֪顣
εģɱ֮ǰҺϹ
˵ԼһУѪȾѩɽµŮӣɱӣԼϹ

1165 ͸ɱ

1165  ͸ɱ
ϹһɣϹ֮⣬Ҳûֵ֪Ĵڡ
񣬽Ĳ֣˵֣Ϸ˶˼Ŀ
һεô
Ϸ˶ȷţֻϷҡ׼ȷ˵ֻϷ̫Ӻͻʵ۲֪鲻ܱ֪
ʵ˵Һ˵֣ϹĸԴ
һˣǺܾúܾǰ飬õϹҲء
ʼϹˣŮ٣һ콵ϹٻŮˡ
ƾԼıΪϹѣʹùıԵ˷ʢ
ǣ֪ΪΣȻ䴫ŮŽϹȻħ䱾ϹĴۡ
ҥɢΪɺ޵ǣֻнŮɱ˲ܱƽ
һʱ䣬ϹѪһƬŮǷ׷ױɱ
Ҳһ⣬ΪϹ̫ӵҪΪ˼ҹΪ°ֻɱһˣûκʹȥùĥ
գһеĽ־ǽһˣǰ䣬ɱˣϹҲյʹ֮С
˵Ϲ֮ԻнյһУǵЩ˾ȡ
һȡ
ɵƲʲôɱŮӱһƽĻжôĳЦˣΪԼƽɱŮʲô
ϹȷȷʵʵôˣȻɱһеһж벻˸ϵҲ޷
ģ¶ǷϣŲɱʲô䣡
ɵҲϹǵ
ѡɱĳþãֱϹÿһˡ
Ⱥ˶⣬ɱһ׬һɱ׬һ˫
κȻδ˵ʲô۵׵ѾһС
Ϸ˶˵ϹʷйȻҲ໰Ҫ˶ѾˣܾĥȺ˵
ϷѾˣأ
ҵѾȥǧ꣬˵ϹϷµĴʲô顣
ϷѾˣǺϷ˶ĽףĳҲӦöˡ
˵ĻȻڽǽ֮ǰ㻹ҪӦһ顣
Ϸ˶˫ָһ˫ӿŽģиֳһĨ֮ɫ
ֵܣôߡ
ûϷ˶Ӧʲô֮Ľ׽ڽݺݺϷڱһ޹ء
Ϸ˶
ͷбĿϷ˶
Ӧ֪ҪʲôĻϹĻʵҲ޷ֹǡ
Ļвࡣв֮⡣
Ϸ˶бЩҪ˵Ļʲô
롣
еЦ쵽˴ǣ֪ʱ罣Ϸ˶Ĳϣ˲䣬˾ͽĺ˳Ϸ˶ߣ»һȥϹĻʵۡ
ϹĻʵۣ֮ΪѰҽӦݺͺݣô˵ѣƵѹƣһҲԼġ
Ц⣬У¶ȣ䳹ġ
³̲ڣбҪеҳΣǾԲĺȷκΣյġ
Բᣡ
ԣȰС˼һЩûõģ˳һ
˵˴̧ż⸽Ϸ˶Ķ˵
ȢΪҪ׷˶಻ʤóκһ˱ϹȻִ˱ұ㣬ϹħƢɲǺ˵ģ˵Ŀ
ջ罣ԭλá
Ϲ£ղ˵ʲôţ
ʼգһЦ⡣
ĺκȻûϷ˶Ǿ˵ʲôϷ˶ɫҲ֪ûʲôû
㣬ǲˣ
κȲ²ֿԣȻϷ˶ıΪνһ¡
УôÿɰŮô໰ء
˰֣κȷģղžû˵໰
ô
ұ֤ʲôʱƭ㡣
Ƭ֮Ϸ˶ٴοڣֻҪ˵ĻԭЩȻͬ
£Ϸ˶һ۽ת뿪͹˾ͽĺնҲϷ˶뿪ֻʣ½Լڵ͹ʮˡ
簡зô
Ҳ֪Լ˯˶ãӶĺܡ
׼ˣλŮ˿ʱò͡
һӵĲˣȻǼµݻÿһС˶ôζ
СˣȲùĲƷ
ûûУرóԣ
һİڷŲӣжΪѰʳÿһС˶ȥƵģжôζˡ
˵ģֻϹ֮ԵóԵһٷ
ͬ⣬ҪҺ㼱
һӼ˽ĿϵļȣҲӻһѼ⡣
ĩԻƷʺޱԳ
˳Եǽһʹ죡
Ž˹ӣö
Ĵ˸öȫûŮеķԶЦ
֪ŮϲԵĻ׼ˡ
㲻֪Ϲ֮ԵĶǡ˲ˣٷǾ˵
类Ŀ޵ɫݸš
Ҳͬ⣬ȻûĺóԣϹ֮Եһٷˡ
˵ţֶһƺȥŽ˲
һӲ˱˳Ե߰˰ˡ
Ůϲͺá
ҹɫ͹
˰ڻ԰пǻӡ
Ҫ֮ͽУ˵ӦҲ䡣
еĺİȣǰôģôĵҲš
ҲҪ̰Ϊ˻š
κȿڽĺͻϣǰȻʹҲһֻ䡣
ļķĴ͸һ˿˿ȡ
ʱһ𣬽תͷŲԶڵٵ磬ҲͤС
ûãþûȵˣҲڡ
УŮԵȣȥȡ
ʱԶãκȽӹϣ˫ֲңһ֮
񣬸й轣ˡ
֪ΪʲôŴĵϲ赸ԭô۰
ҪϲĻȥ³̸轣ֻҪʲôС
ĵĻûЦ
һ˶ߵ񵶣ǲЩ̫г
Ժ³ɫĳ񵶵ĳ棬Ȼģ赶֮ǲֱӡ
ˣ
㷢ûǸ˽͸ɱ⡣
һ۾Ϳ轣֮еɱ⣬Ѿ˽֮ϣʮҲ򵥰
ô¶ɶ֮Ǿˡ
Ҳǣ֮ǰģϹҲ޹ء

1166 㼱ȥô

1166 㼱ȥô
ҹɫŨš
ڴϣ˯Ũʱ˸ɾڷʱԺĿһӰ
ǵʯ֮䣬ˤ꣬Ų豭ƬӰĲϡ
˭ĵӰҹд̡
Ůˣҡ
һϤ¹⿴ȥſ˲Ǳˣʮ֮һ硣
磿ҹ˯ҷʲôɭɭģ
磬ŷеƬ
ô
˸ĹǷصϽӹ©Դ
һ˫ںҹп磬ֻ¹֮£˾Ȼһѵ·

ɶ
Ҳˣɲˣ
ۿѾ£Ҫ¿ӵʱ򣬽æӵϣʵʵĹ廨ȷ϶Է֮³һ
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Ůˣϲô
ͻȻһ仰ʵĽ±Ʋѡ
ʲôϲϲģŸոʶʱ䣬ôôȵ⣬һô顣ɫؿ
磬ɶǺú˵ôȱǮҸ
ͨյĽӴ粻һˣһĻʵЩ±Ʋѡ
Ͷͱ¹Ϊɶ
ֱɫҪȻԲŹ˿ӡ
ޣȥˣ
˼صʵϿűڴϵ磬ԵΪΡ
磬֪㲻һˣôȻԭǽɸ֪ңһ㣬ʲôҲ˵ĻҲΪ鱻Ϸ˶ǹ֪ˣӦ֪͹Ĺ˶㱻ۡ
ǽĿ磬˵ʵ
Ϸ˶ԻὫ͹ĹѪϴһ顣
Ůˣܰô
Ҫ˵˵ʵˡ
һ翪˵罣ವһӷ˹һҪǽ豭ĴƬ罣һѾϡ
Ϊǲû뵽ǾҰġ
ĿݵĶ磬ǽŵĻһȺˡ
ǽģκȵķˣĿȻͬôҲȻͬ
͹ʮһιڵϣ˫ȽһŶȣ
ͷһĺ⣬м˲˵˾ͱŵơ
ȻŵˣǵҲȣʮɫ࣬жˡ
˵ɣһʱ俼ǣһʱʮǼ
ĲʲôˣҲʲô֮ˣһʱɡ
Ůˡ
ڵϵ糯Ž˿ͷһǸ˲ɱ֮ҲǸмǿϰˣԸǵĿԡ
ҵʮϹԵҵʮ֮ӣ͵ϹΪӡ
ӣǾеˡ
ӵһ㶼ûʲôýӳΪ͹ĹͦҵģҲΪɡ
ҵʮ˽֪֮³·һҡмѾϹˡ
˵˽һٶԭ
ǼȻ͹ΪźŮĹˣǾ͸ɴ顣䵽ףܵõŮĳ谮˳żƻɱ˹ʵۡ
ǲܣһ֮
ĻκһҲһɫǵԭ
ǡ
ֵܲʵֵˣҼҲһɵӣ⺢ӾǸȱ۶Ů¸ġ
ҪЦˡ
ƻǲ˿ܾͱաɹˣΪʮ˵ĸ𹤾ߡ
˲Ѱ֮ˣκȿΪųڤƳǸ֮ܿ⣬Ա˶ǵֵܣѾһɵûڶɵӡ
ô˵ɣƻǲƻĿȴûѡԡ
Ҳͼ˷ϻˣֲ轣дɱ⡣
Һȥ˯ˡ
˸Ƿ˻ת뿪˴
κҲҡҡͷε̾Ϣתȥ
⼸ոŮ˵Ķգʮ֪޿⣬Ů𷣡
֮Ȼ죬ôʧȥĹҾôӵжܶԵȥĽ졣
վ½ǣۿžҪˣ̫ûٻȥһ
Ůˣô
һǳˣ˳֮緹աͣһЩ֮ȥǰô޹ء
һʼĻΪʲô˵ѴϾ͹ҲȺչţ㻹顣
漰˹Һޣš͵ղŵĻû˵ˡ
յʱ䰲һЩǻҪϹͣյʱ䣬ȵһֱǰѩɽʹ߻ȥѰӦݡ
ǷĽĻص˷УһеɫΪΡ
һ˯˴ȵʱѾˡ
ɶأ
£ԼԼҵ¶㿴ô
ԼдָĿ˿Űֽɷĺ֣Ĵָ
ãһȡ
ʲô
ϵѽ
Ļһ룬Ѿ׷
СӣҳЦֳ󡣡

ĶŻ
Сÿҵ˸񣬵ǲҵ֡
أ˸ǱĩеĶô
ôһ˵û
Ҳ˵ѿУʮӣ
ѽ֣Զ
Ϸȫ⣬ţһڲ廨ĵκҡͷ
ĩ˸ˣû֪ڱĩࡣ
Ůܽҽô
Բ廨κ̧ͷϴԼ䱻˵꣬һĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ѧҽʲôܿġ
ˣҵܵܡ
вǱԵӣֻϧ屻𣬺Ψһָǵܵܣɵܵز
ѧҽһʱƬ̱ѧģҪķһѧϰȻ˵ܽҽԸܵʲô֤֢״
桭ô
󹧾عһԣ˵Լܵܵò֢״κ˼Ƭ̣һùֽʣд˶Ӧҩ
ܵܵĲ鲢أֻСӪӷҩձȬ
лŮлŮ
󼤶κȿͷκȲ󣬸ȻлǣҾͲҪΣյľٶ
ʲôûˣµǸ˲ѹġ
ʱ䣬˵һգ۵Ĺ͹ȥˣ˵Ͷһ㡣
֮Ϸ˶Լ˽ݣʰ׼뿪Ϲǰġ
ϹǰϷ˶ϵĽģ۵һĨʧ䡣
żȥô

1167 ɱ

1167 ɱ
Ϸ˶ŽģŲʧɫ
ӿջһ̣һĨ֮ɫ۵С
Ϸ˶֪ЩһһۣԶĵףһĨӰҲɢȥ
ΪϹĻʵֶۣýߣ֮أ֮л
һĨЦڴǣϷ˶̧е
ɻ
ӦòˣǼѰζҩݣһζҩ˾ҪصԼС
˿Ϸ˶˵һϸľ⼸ϹӴһһж֤ʵһ㣬ϷҲ֮ǰҲҪȫʵ۵
˵ϷתͷһͬҪ뿪ĺϷˡ
İɣȻѾ̤ʬ޵·һɹĲʬ޵ľ磬ضһλصϹ

ʬ޻ǰһУֻأϷ̤ʬ֮᲻ҪԼǰ˭˭֪ء
£ק뿪ڿϷ˶Լеʮˡ
·ϵķ羰ҲǷ羰Ժֻ֮ҪһݻͺãԼҪȥΪ̰·ϵľɫͣ
Խĵ˵Ϸ˶ϹϹӴÿһ˶·ϵķ羰֮Ϸ˶˵ȷʵ޷Ĩȥá
ŽʧеӰϷ˶ǵĿɬ֮ԽŨš
ԭʼûгֹ˫֮дδֹԼӰӡ
Ϸ˶̾һǽĵӰʧԶҲٳδȥ
ܺ棬ʲôӲ˽ĵУС
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һߣѾ뿪ϹǵĽĲ֪Ϸ˶ʲô
뽪һͬǰеĻкԼʶҵϷ
׼ȷ˵ϷȻ˵һѣȴʬߡ
̤ʬ޵ľ֮󣬻ǵʶһĿϷ˵Ļججֱ治ңֻԷסûɲҪ鷳
˵ĿλһȥǸô
԰Ϊʲôԡ
ĵͷΪʬߵĺϷȻȥ߹½Уǰʮݶԡ
ʬ߱Ͳֻ֮Уƶûʲô̫á
Ȼ˵ƿ˵ΪʱԵɥʧǶʬ˵ȴûʲô̫ѹơ
һѹֵĻ̤ʬ޵УΪʬֻ߲֮УƾѹŶҲûǺϷ̤񾳡
⻰Ѿ˵ˣȵֲҩ֮󣬺ϷԺһصڵ磬ȥԪʮݡ
һ˵Ķˣ˳ǰУϹʹ߻ϡ
뿪֮ǰϷ˶ʹڵλãѩɽѾѰҵ˽ݵӰӣֻҪȵ֮ʱǰѩɽʢʱԽժ
˵ݵһһĲҩûʲô𣬿ǵĹ֮УݵĴʥޱȵģɽѩҪϡ
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ҲΪŮҲʧˣ˽ʢѩɽ֮С
ԴˣűΪʥĴΪ˼ŮÿʢʱĵϵµǶʢǶŮĸм֮顣
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֮ҲûмϹʹߣ˵Ϲʹˡ
Ϲ˲ǲ뿪ϹôҪȻᱻģ˵˰ɡ
ߵÿʼ⡣
Ϲÿһ˶ûˣ뿪Ϲ벽ĻͻЧøҵ³
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ֻɫһյѩġ
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ƹҲ˳󣬷ĵƹˣ֮ƹѾնȥ͸¶СʬźɫʧԺС
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Сϸϸ˵ϹʹǼ˷飬бʡ
Сľٶڻ飬ҪصıﵱնʲôҪ췢ĸǡ
ԣŸС˴˴û뵽С羹Ȼɱˡ

1168 Ϲʹ

1168 Ϲʹ
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ջϰô֪һ·Ϊʮֵأʵˡ
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СӣϷԲס㣬ģϷһƴļˡ
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ҹУͻŵƹ໵һ˳ǰ֮ƹſ˭
ϷϷ֪˵ʲô
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һκ˵껰һ˲䣬罣Ľ׼ƹĲӣֻҪһͷ롣
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κȳʡ
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СϹʹʶô
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㲻ʱÿɽѰҽ˵˾԰㡣
˳ˣڽǮͰȫ֮ǻС
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뿪Ľ˲δ˻᲻Ǯܡ
ڵϵ˿ŵϵǮ̧ͷ˿ǽʧеˣĵһὫǮ˻С
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ʲôµġ
Ŀ˿ʣµİӱֻҪõǮʲô
ģһǰġ
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үʶڻ֮Уֻȥλ˵ͻˡ
һֱעϷһϢԴү˵һ֮Ҳûʲôˡ

1169 ǱҲ

1169  ǱҲ
ڵյ֮£Ϸһԣ˫ǰǽڣûκΪʱĸ顣
Ϸ״̬ĻһֱʮϰĻ״
ԣϷ뿪ѹʬ·̵磬ȥһȡүͻƵʬ޵ɵڶ١
Ϸסӵ˹ڵϴڴڵĺʿɫϣǺ뼰ʱֵĻͻˡ
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ŶŶŶˣǽīѳǵʱǸֱ̯СȻһЩʳء
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ɽǹǺһıѩҵķټѩϵķɹ۸ɽʲôɫֻܿһƬѹѹĻ档
ֱīѩɽķѩڡ
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Ǻڱ磬ԺڱǼīѩɽеԩԹԿѩǺɫģľɽѰҽôǷصĻü
Ĳ뿴ʻīѩɽ֮С
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ҪȻ˭ԸѹΪ磬Ϊ˾˵Ļǲô˵Ļء
壬ݺͱصʲôϵ
ݺͱ֮йϵ⻹ǽ˵һģô˵ϹʹߵҲͱйϵˣ
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ɢ˵ı飬ȻǶԱһ֪
һԵСľľ˼˵˵һīѩɽص顣
ഫŮĵʱҲĲƱ
Ҳ˳Ϊ˸ĵĹȣŮɢƱҲ˵֪
һ㣬ҵЩ޾ĲƱҪҵŮĽݣڽݵָ֮·ҵء
ҲΪѡīѩɽһҲҪҵݣҵŮıء
ֻ֪Ǳ֮֮֮ߵĽɽȴ֪Ҳǽ˫֡

1170 ʮǰ

1170  ʮǰ
˵˴ʱ̾һĿ̧˵ʱ۵һ˿֮ɫ
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Ŀ˿κȺͻ
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صô
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ڷ籩ʱ֮ãȵѾǵڶˡ
ӽīѩɽ˺ڷ籩֪һʱȻˡ
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Źűս˵ѩӵɽ棬ɾڴʱһɽѩһԾҧסֱۡ
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īѩɽǶʮǰˣڵżһʮһīѩɽĿıѰұء
˵Ŷʮǰ顣
żҵһʼ֪ʲôطֻδҵصĴڡ
һ꣬żһ֯ԱǰīѩɽѰұأû뵽ǾȻҵ˱֮صڣҲΪˣҲһʮ˾Ԩ
ʱڷֱڵʱΪżҵӵȻǸ˽˱صع֮УһʼĻ滹ʮģԽԽգֻþϵΧߣЩܲ˱õĨ˲Ӵչþнѳ
µعʱʮˣɵعĵʱֻʣʮˡ
ؿһ˲䣬ʮ˺ɾһⲻ֪⻹һþĻþ
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ĩԪֺѩȣ˭֪ѩȴһӵı飬ʮƹĩԪһһڿˮ
˵Ҳ֪⶯ʲôĩԪڵعѾˡ
ǽĸѩֽ⿪ӣʱ˵عĵĴС
ΧһɫĹâţֲݱǽݣ洫ʲôɢŽɫâʲôʥޱȶǼٵġ
ĽɢɫâֲΪڵѩ徫ԪɢʱֲԪ˽յĽݡ
ȣ˺󡣡
κȺͻ˺֮Ψʩչ󷨽⿪ѩϵ
ΪΪߵģΪЩǡӸɵ鱾Ͽġ
վڴļ̨ϣ˫ֽӡ³һŻɬѶ
һԭ򣬵ѩ徫ʩչ䷨ʱڤΪý飬ڤٻ˵꣬ʹЧҲΪˣЩ˵ҲմȾħ
ųôŬѩϵħѾʧĵȻ޴棬ֻҪӦڤԼҽȫݻٱʹʧЧˡ
ı˫۵ʱһɫĹâΧţһɫϵѣҲʩѩϵڱ
ˡ
ڴʱһ
ӽĵصڣƴ˷ֺƳڶϡ
ĻعͷŽںڰ֮еˡ
һɫĳۣһ͸Ϣӣ֪ΪΣȻһ˿˿Ϥо
ǽȷϣԼδˣɾĪĸоϤ
˭
ûô
˼ĻûмԼü΢΢һ壬ϹʱķӡԾɴԺС
ˣЩ鲻ǿͻƾͿԵģҪԼ
Ϊʲôÿһ˶ô˵
˶Լ˵һü
֮˶˵ĻƵĻ
ҪʲôΪʲôһҪ
Ȼ벻ͲҪ룬աڤ磬ΪľǶЩ˵Լ֮ѡ
߲ǱˣǺڤڤ
ڤ˫ָվڽĵߣָо·صϹʱ

1175 粻Ǳֳ

1175 粻Ǳֳ
ϹʱҲһվڽĵߡ
˷ǣѾʧȥ˼䣬Ϊһˡ
ڤһվߵŮһĨεЦݼֿɬζ
ϣźµڤһӣе˲ѣȡѩڤ֮Լ
ҵ죬̫ˣ
Ҫεȵˣڤ֮Ȼɵı㽫Լ۶ϡ
Ŀţڤһ˽ü
оȻеСС⡣
֪ϹʱΪһССıѪͷ
ô˵ȻҼǲ˵Ϲʱ飬ҾĺϤһǵĸо
ԣָо
ڼڤʱָоʮֵǿҡ
˵һǰϹʱʶʶ
ĵĻڤһεЦ
ҲգĿǵţȵļָ֮󣬾Ҫپˡ
һǶǵĻýĲ岻ڤҲûͽĽ
ڤ磬ڵΪܶͣ߰ɣһμʱ򣬱ڴǿ㡣
ڤӰʧڽǰҪһʹϹʱ飬Ӱʧ
ڤʧҲоԼɢһڲϵԼӦʱ䵽ˡ
ڽĵʶڤʵʱһȻǰ
һѩѩɽѩɽ֮ϣһɫȹŮվƶ˸Ųʹء
ʱһƴѹ֮У˵ĳŮЦеЦΪʵЦ⣬һŮӶӵİ
˵ҲŶŮһ޶İ޲ýᶼŮ
ֻǣమȴʼǧɽˮֻܸ
ŮŹ˴źڰڰĶֹǰ
ֻһֻһʺ˺ŮебӵŨš
Ŀ˺Ůֻϡĸо⻭ʶϤ
Ҫ߽һȥʱһ˫ֽĵصʵ
ģģôģ
ĿǵĿŽģⶼһʱˣô
鼱֮£òսĵ
Ļ˫۵ʱ򣬻κ³еŵǿ
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㻹ôˣⶼһʱˣϴȥڤһ
Ҳ뿴һĻòݣҲýκεΣա
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ȴˡ
ȥڤ翴ڤֻ˼仰ѣΪʵȴǹôõʱ䡣
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漴Щָ̬ѩ־Ȼʼ͸
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ģŮչ˺ԼģȥֻأŮһˣѩŮ
̫̫̫̫үүģĩԪҲչ̵ġ
ųһʼ֪һӳѩϵʧ֮󣬵Ǳ᲻
ǰԸϣɷػԼŮɳҲ֪ѩǲؼаޣֻõĽѣ
һˮų֮ˮǶߵһϵɢš
ŮһúõչԼõġ
վǸŮκͿ޵۾ͨ졣
գ˺ǵӰ׵׵ʧˣֻʣųĩԪſ֡
ģ̫̫̫̫үүȥ̫̫̫̫ˣҸ̫̫̫̫ԣȻԪɢˣһ˿д䣬ź̫̫̫̫үүһֻΪˡ
ĩԪĻ֪ǰΣųȷ£ųˡ
ҪĶ
ų۽ǵˮݽ˽ġ
񣬽ݣӦݺͺ֣ʱصĴʱ֮ŻصԼУ뿪֮ǰҪϺϷ
ô
ģϾżҵĺˣҲΪġ
ų֪ĵʲôʾҪΪ¹һԼĽҪ⿪ǲĽ˽Ļ뿪˵عҲһʬ⣬ųϣġ
ʮ꣬ΪҲᷢ飬˵ҲΡ
廹ڻУξĿ˿˵ŷģĩԪ뿪īѩɽ
īѩɽɽһ˫ֵĴּϮĵΡǧһ֮ʱĻκһĩԪϡ
ֻѩľ߷ɣһݺݵ׹ѩϡ
һ°ɣһ¾ͺã
ѩ徫ĩԪİصѩɽ֮䡣
ĩԪǽ˶뵽ԺһΪѩĩԪһĻµʱжôĲ
īѩɽ뿪صīѳѾǰ֮ˣص˿ջϺϷˣһһյ֮ϡ
˵ҩľۼһʱ򣬱ٻʱ֮š
ȻӦݽݺͺݽϵһ̣ʱ֮ųǰ
룬Ҫסһ飬Ǹʬ߶֮٣ΪĪҪʬΪа֮
֮⣬ʬ߱Ͳֻ֮Уʬ޵ķأҪΪӿаħ֮·˵Ļͱˡ
֪ΪүҲүаħһ·ġ
£̤֮ţĻ֮ź󣬺ɫĴŹرˡ
֮ʧ֮ʱӰƾճ֣һһס
ź߲Ǳˣڤˡ
Ű߽Ҳ٤ɽ
ĻδһУôù
ڤ˫ֶż򣬿һ۾Ҳ͸
㰡û䣬˱˻ԣϤʵܸ˰ɡ
εЦţδڤӣи˵úȴҪװһνı顣
һЩô
ʧ֮ŵĽģһ˫ӱ鲼Ű
ˣ
ٵһʱͿһˡ
˵ԺҲƷӡ˰ɡ
ᵽ֮ʱڤһ
ұţھڤ֮С
ڤеϹħڤҹ
ôڤҪȥڤһֳô
ߣѾǱֳ²Ҫ𣬲ҲҪĵһ䣬˵Ƴӡ֮ڻָӦñȱڤҹĿ֮

1176 жԶԶ

1176 жԶԶ
ڤţκ˶Ǹ˵ʵ
Ϲħս˱һ֮дɨƽ塣
˷ӡ֪
һģȻˣʱ˵ѾϹʱ˭˵׼ء
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ񻺻˫ۣνΪ͸
ھ񼴽ʧ֮ʣڤžӰЦ
ѵͲһǸ˻ϹʱһѾͷôԡô˴

ݺܲʵҪ񾿾Ҫôڤҹڴ
ڤҹĻþɫ΢΢һۣھ񼴽ʧһ̣һ仰صڤߣڤ쳣ա
ԼϲŮ˳ֳߣڤҲùİɡ
Ϻ꣡
ڤ˫ȭӳһȭʱȴ˿ϣͲӰ
һߣ߹ʱ֮ŵһߵʱ֮ŵľͷص֮
ԶԶأ㿴˵żһ̵С˹
ѽλǻˣǵˡ
û㵣˱飬Сȿеúְܻɡ
ôһ˵ŷԼܵ쳣֮֮ŵľͷû뵽һ磬һֱ㽫һԣεĿʤ
ٺ٣Уλǧҵֲҩôף֪˭
֮ػؽкܶ࣬һгûԤϵ˻
ԣ˲ˣû˵Ϣ
㲻ùܣ뿪ˡ
תźϷ
סҵĻΪʬߣаħɱǵ˵һҡ
ıǣǾ仰ΪүҲаġ
һʼ֪ϷģһΪ˼ҹΪΪԼֶôȥħ
̤ʬ޵·ֻ̣֮УôֻҪһŹһн
ˣ뿪ɣ
Ŷããλ룡
˸ΥĵĻϹʱڣʼնһجһĴڡ
˰սĵķԸϷ뿪֮͵㲻ö֪ˡ
Ҳᵽ½ĵôΥĵĻȻ͵һ츣֮ö˺úõˡ
ǽӦݺͺݣ
Ӹҩݣ˽ӹҩ֮ǰعġ
˵£һ߹ĳ·˵عĵĴС
³̣ų磬񻹱ţ˯ӡ
λģϵĶѾ߰˰ˣֻҪʣֲҩȬ
ǰһӣֲҩ֮л˷ĩȵıϡ
ҩűһ뵽˵ϣڻҲ˫ۡ
ġˣ
³һ̱ڵϣ뼫ȵĸо໥ţζֱ
ųҲҪѾ׼˼üůůӣȼ׼
λСȣżкܶ࣡
˸˵һжģҲСжģý֮ӶһѰҩݡ
ȻʱĽѾϹʱǸСħǡֻתվǽġ
ӡеӰ޷ɢȥġ
ÿÿ뵽ϹʱܵЩˣһ˶ùͷۡ
ĳ̾һҪĿıǸϿ⼸˸ߣʲôã⼸̫ĵˡ
ȣˣ
ųߵκߣſ˫ֽκȱڻУ飬޲ðȫֵᶼһˡ
Ȼбůκе㲻ųһٶΪΡ
磬ôˣ
ʱ³̺Ҳ׷վ³̱ѧųһֻܰ˫ּŻʱȴһϤĹˤݺݵˤڵϣ˲ĿŻ
ϱоã

εȵļ
³˼һĵزҲû˭ˡ
ģǶˡ
ˣʲô
Щ⣬Ƕʲô
Žеʣ˵ڻԵʱ飬ǽһǰѰֲҩ־
ȻЩ濴ˣЩȴһƬڣ֮µĻʲôȻҶ룬³̺ų̬֮⡣
κȻȥϹץ룬ǰϹǣ·Ϸ˶ԼʬߺϷǰģĹīѩɽ֮Ѱҵ˽ݡ
һеһм˶С
ΪǵİΣ˲ΣðΪɥʧΣմ磬һ鼸޷ǡ
ô˵ϴʱҲˣ
˫ۣ۵ײ˺˪֮⣬һ½ɢź⣬һвڿС
ûûûУûУ
ԶԶԣûУǿ·ܵΣյȵȵĻ棬Ůҵ˽»һƬڡ
⻰³˵ⲻ˱һٱ򣬵ڽͣŶȱ
һء
ôһ˵³һ
λعĴѾˣĻ֮أλ˵ݲ˶ڴˡ
˵֮⣬жԶ͹Զɣˡ
⼸ʲô֮ƿߣȴСĵȻҪԭǽģԶ޷ʹࡣ
ֻԶԶ뿪ĵߣŻ»
˻ûע⣬ôһ˵о˿Ϣ
߰ɣҲʱ뿪ɭֻˡ
Ŀһˣ֪ΪΣܸоʮ־ԼС˴ǣȻСãԼǴǡ
ⲻ֪ϵпɲǴǵĴڣƱشǻҪֲһ򱶵Сħ
Ϊ˱Լϵ飬һа˵˵عſڣʾſڵѾȫˣҪڵˡ
λټ
ҲжԶ͹Զѣ
˻ص˵عУὪһʲô顣
Ѱԭ·أһ·ԶǾ޴ѵʬ壬˵û
ɭеħҲˣҲʱˡ
һа˴˴뿪ڵĿıǲħħѾ߰˰ˣʱڲμѡˡ
ʱ·֣ȥʱĴ½һ˳
ûκΣգ˸ƽһ뿪ɭ֣˷ɽɽµһСׯЪЪš
ⲻ֪ڰ뿪ɽʱ¹ȵһθڰС

1177 С

1177 С
ѽѽô찡㣡
¹һļЦ˿ʮֲˬڰ˫ŰײŮɫԵ
Ĳ鲻Ըһӣһ¹ǰ
졣
ιô˾ˣ˵ˣĿϹŮ˵ˣأǾԲýġ
һȻ˵ļƻΪƻĲԼĲ֮ˣ¹ŽǾԲģȻͲϹԼŮתˡ
еķ¹һĽյ˻С
׬ˣлӣ
˷Ҫ¹һȺ޲һ¹ɻǿеŭ
ݣʮħ¹
Ȳò¹ݣʮħ뿪ʮ˲˼䣬ԾʮħĴڡ
ο࣬ʲô磬Ǹ׼˺˺ħġ
ȻǵԼݣҪѣҲòһЩ
˵ʮħʱ¹ɫţһĨĵĺ⸡ֶ
̫ĲأʮħҲǧ֮еһĨҪѵˣΪҪΪһ˽²صĴ󡣡
¹֪ʮħĿģҲ֪һһеıԴ
ҪЩˣĪҪһ˽ıԼ̰ʱϹħҲȲ
УΪħ޺Ϊδָħ޶ô
˵ʵ¹ѾһУֻ֮Կѡ
˵һһ룬¹һӣȫ½ɫħ֣ʧ֮ǰһ仰صȵĶС
ܿܿǵk߶ѡ
k˭¹û˵kĴȴ¹ɵģ֪
̾һס˫ۿŽĵʧķһҲʧں֮С
һߣһ˷ɽɽµСڣ˵Ҳ֣ͿɽȴûбħϮٴׯĴǹðҵ
һ࣬Ѽ
ҲҪС㡭ֱܲӸ裡
³̾ԷùֱȽʵڡ
ĴǶ˵ĳˡ
˸˵Ŵ粻˼ҵĺӣô˵ķ
÷ݰ˶ѾǺõˡ
Ҳһ࣬ллС㣡
κȵĳǰ֮ΪŵһˣĻҲʹ÷סŮʮϲ
ԣȥǰһЩࡣ
лС㡣
ɽˮʷḻ˵˼ɾԴ
ħеӣ־סĻ󰡡
ȣǸʲô񲻶Ծ
ĺĺҲ֪⻹⣬³ųǰ˵Ϲ磬ص˵һκȲһС
һһɺŷĸоųܵ׵硣
꿴ֲ¶Ŀ³̡
Ǹ˭ǻǵò롭ԣǱ˵ʬߺ룬Իĸ鲻һ㣬³ˡ
һ³վһ˶ߵ񵶡
ų磬ȥǰɡ
ߣ
һļϣҪϹ룬ջǱһɤӺסŰСϼԷ
ëɣСܱܲɿ𣬺氡
һ⹷ǰ֡
Է극Ϣո·
С˸Ͷˣڴ档
¹ĴһɤӺڳС̽ͷ˲ϵ뿪˳ȻʱжһСӡ
ֻСӳֵһ˲䣬˸˵ɫǱ쳣
Ǹղô
ô
СССŵĺӲһĺӣһŷ
С㣬ʲôѽ
κǰСõʲô
Ҳǲ⣬Ա߲˺ӣӲһ˲䣬һǿŷһֻס˵ֻ࣬Ҫ΢΢һɽ˸˵ȫ鲻һ㡣
ǺεǿķҲħרڻߵĻ֮
пַļأʯ
ʯ
ʯʲô
ĿŽģʲôʯ
ǵҴӶ֮ʱ·˱ظôĶ˽ָУһϱ㿴˹ڻ֮޵ļأʯһЩϸڡ
ʯ֮ǿǿ꣬ó̤֮߱޵С
һ򵥵Ļ˵Ѱ֮ˣֻҪʯԻǧǡ
ڷ˶ǿı֮ˡ
ô
Сƴʯϣźѹŵһţչ֮󿴵ֵֽ֮ʱɫҪôжô
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¹С㣬ѵ˵Ǹħ¹еŮô
ʮֵϤ¹аĽŮӣһжϵһ
СҲЩ졣
ʶ¹ô
ϤɭҪѰ̼¹
ĸС˵ôһٶľ¹Ḷ́һΪԼѰ̼ĻһжĲҪҪġ
Сȴһı顣
һף
С̾һֽʯ˽С
ӣǽģŰɣ
ðɣ¹͸ģⷨ㳤ǧꡣ
ȻҪʯϾĶֲʲôǿϲҲӲ
û¶˵͸͸㣬žͳɡ
СҪ¹Ķķ
Ҫôжôı飬ΪѵʯҲ⣬¹ʱǹâϲΪλˡ
㣬㲻ϲ¹ôȻħ
ţ̾һżպ÷˻Уһٶ֤ĵĲ룬ϲ¹Ϊħ¹ϲһ
ϲô᲻ϲء
Ŀ⿴Զƺڻһõʱ⣬˵ʱ⡣
죬˻Ե¹һο˿ˡ
˾ţ֮˱˼ңĵš
أ˱˴ϲ
һ죬ʧˣĪʧڴ֪Լһϲ˿ա
ʵھ˵ʱ֪˲ࡣ
ֻҪϲֺη
ʵվʵеʱϲһ
ͻȻһ죬¹ƾճСǰ顣
֮ۡأ֮ʲô飿

1178 ù¹

1178 ù¹
ŶΣĳЩһӶģͺñ³
Ŀһ³̣˺³̱ʾԼԸĺܡ
仨˼ŪһЩûõģϱһٺóԵĳһ׸ʵڡ
Ȼ³Ҳڻǰ裬Ҫˡ
㣬֮أʲôˣ
һˣΪλᷢϵŮĽ֣
ߣ֮֮Ĺ̾Ͳϸ˵ˣǽᣬ㵫ǶһۣҲᱻƭˡ
˵ʱĻһתӲٯٯİת˲һе¹ʡ
ȵȡӴûף㣬㲻Ǻϲ¹ô¹ΪҲѰΡ
ΣҸһ㣡
ɶһָ㣬Ƭ֮󣬸κһ׼ȷĴ𰸡
ΣϵɱˮȶҩԾȵȵһʮء
һʮ־׼ְڽǰ𰸸ˣ¹ǿȥô飬ǸͷβĴС
һĿ֮󣬽ĵˣΪ¹Уô⵽
ԭˣ
ԭ¹ǸĴܲһһ
˵ʮ˲һţʲôħ壬ʲôѪͳħ壬ʲô壬ȵȵȵȣھͲһİޡ
һһ磬ĺ޲óĲµ嵽ɭְ¹ˡ
Ҳ˵С檣㲻СҲôŮ˷һɷ򡣡
ԼƢԼİ¹Ҳ
ʵ׼Լ
ǰ˵ŮҵҸΪҪȱģԲҪ˵С檡
ԣһٶľܾ¹ƣ¹뿪˷塣
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Ҽ滹иֵָֹĶһûҪģ͸ˡ
Ůкܣ
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οԷôǿħ¹Ϊ㵱Ӣ¡
ʱκȻǺͬ¹ģϾħʵڣ¹ĿеӡоǸĺӡ

һаڷϢһϣڼ䣬¹͸Ķȫ͸˽ļˡ
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ںЩжôĹأʲôϣΪһܰȱ֪ˡ
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ȻЩħܴ߶ŵֻнһ˲ʹãȻҲͲˡ
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뿪ɽ󣬼ǳڵķһ·񱼣·ȴ·һħ
Ϊ׵ħǱˣ¹
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Ӷÿһϱ飬аǸϽİ͸СĶҡ
Ŷ˵ĿʲôأԭҪ
һ֮⣬ֲ¹سڰ·٣ǰ͸ǵĶҪȥ
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ôЩ͸ǵĶҪҪĻȥ㰡
һɵı飬һ仰бҪȥ
ǡȺ
һαҭס˻¹ðβűһ仰ǿ
ߣǾǿҲҪкá
ӲУҪ˵鰡Ⱥ޳ȡֵĻ쵰⡣
˾ǲ¹ָŽĵһ޳ȡֵĻ쵰⡣
޳ȡ֣ǻ쵰С
ǲ޳ܣǲȡ֣ǲǻ쵰ǿ
޳ܣȡ֣Ǹ쵰иĺ
޳ܣǻ쵰ǿС͵

¹һħǶˣǵɱ˵Ļܵģ
˵ˣԼ˿ʮħǿڣôøһ⼸Щˡ
һȺ޳ȡֵĻ쵰С͵ǿ
У
һ仰򵥵ĸֱ֣ӻ¹
¹Ҳĸֺݺݵشࡣ
ػķϣǾͷһ𵲵
ĵҡڵĴ¹ǰ߹ߵʱ˵˾С
¹ҧ촽ݺݵؿŽİʧķŭһ
ӲУ
У
ӲС
ˣҪҪɱǰ˸ࡣ
¹µħĿȥˣԼӱ⼸۸Ƿˣ
ɱƨСҲô
챾Ҫضģ¹û뵽Լøô³
ǺǺǣðĻð
иֳһӰħŮȡ
ЦĻ֦òǹʮħʹЦˡ
ЦʲôЦʲôЦģ
ǺǺǺǣʮħħĴڣĹѪͷˣ˳෨ǺǺǺǣǶˣ
Ц۽ˮˣû뵽û뵽
ʮ˲з硣¹˽类Ů˦ˣĺ޻֮
ЦЦЦ
¹ףһ˽ҲûûĿˡ
ǰˣˡ
ް
ЩɶռķҪСܺСԶԶһˡ
ֻ¹û뵽Сתֱ㽫Щķˡ¹ʹ֣ȴԹһ֡
ߡ
ǣˡ
Ϲ˰ߴˣȥ壬ҪȥС

ħһԼҪȥСһŵ˺
ˣҪȥô
ħƺԷ˼ɣˣֻǵľ
֪жôĿ£ǲֲܻ˵κһ֣ҪȻǵﲻˣ⵽˵һٶ
ÿÿĸ棬һħǾһֺ뿪ʮ˲˽뷨
ƱʲôƱƣûмİСˣҲ֪Сû
ûУڼӵʱһᱩߣɨ˵ȵһϵǡ

1179 ûϱô

1179 ûϱô
һħǸȥ壬˭Լħ˲Ҫء
һߣһаһ·ͨ賯ڽ
··һҿջϢһϣµԺжʳŹѡ顣
˵ɽȺر̬ô
ɽÿһ˵ǼĴڡ
ǽҲˡ
֮󣬲ŷֺɽǸȺһʼߵߣýĳսԡ
ڴһѡˡ
һҪǿ¼ѪӴе
¼ҵѪǿط磬񵶵ܽ緢ӵ¡
߾ҲϹŴеһǿؼУ˲߾һ߾֮˸֮١
߾ͻƷ֮ô
ޣ֮Ѿ۷壬ͻҲֻʱˡ
ĽǣѪ֮еǡ
Խ˵ţԽĽż˵
³̵Ѫз
Ѫл
ųѪе׷
Ѫн⻤ǿ󻤶ܡ
Ե򣬿˵֮ضѪ֮еκȴǺκס
ĽǣǵǲϣǼѪ
ĻҲҪ˵Ļ
ѪȻǿ󣬵ǰҪһ˲ɲ֮֮иܵǼҲ֮»˴С
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簲ȵľͺãٲˡ
Ĵκȵ
˵䣬˵Ŀڽĵϡ
ģһѡмա
֪Ҳ֪ɽȺʵ׶ôǿ˾ͽʦ˵ɣ˾ԲǺǵĴڡ
ˣĩÿһ˶ѡϻԼһϯ֮ء
ڿջϢһϣ˵ڶضǰڣھ˼ռҹı֮ڻصڡ
ڣɽ¡
ҵ죬öˣ
ڼˡ
ǲҵô
³ָָԶҹܼңȻܵشҵʵӦܿͻָԪ
ӦǴμѡġ
¼ҵҲڰ
ʮش֮ѾģˣѡĻʮʣһҲҪɳһѡ
¼ҵĹܼҿԼҵٹӺδٷˣæǰ
ūӣ
Ȼ¼ҹܼҵ̬ǽ³ϱ¼ҵδٷԴʮֹ
ѽϲҲˣӱôİɣһ¼Ҷģȥˣȥң
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ҲǣΪߵĹԱչص£Ȼһˡ
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ص廹ûϢãһа˱ڴ֮׼дѡ
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ѡҪĻˣ¼Աĵȥˡ
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ڵ߳ϣ嵽ǰİ˸һüͷ
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ˣǵȻȥۿѡıѡʽĵһ죬ôŻĻˡ
ʲô
һ㵵ı飬׼ʱģѡĻӲǽô
첻ѡô
Ŷԭǽ죬ڵ½½Ļѡǰ쿪ʼ
߳Ϻͬĩİ˸ˣҲҪʱ䣬κѡѾĻˣҲûʱ䵹
Ǵһѡֻеһˡ
߳ϱʾźһЩ顣
Ȼ޷һεѡԼѲ߶Ӱ
߳ϣ㿴ǰ˸Ǹ˵ô
ǧҲû뵽ѡȻǰ쿪ĻǴ˱ֻеȵһѡ
ڴ뿪Ż˷𣬰Ŀ̨ϡ
ѡһ䶷
ʮ̨ÿ̨Ͻʮʤߣڹ涨ʱ֮ڣֻҪվ̨ϵڵӱԽڶֱ
ģκȣ³̣Ժų˸ڹ̨ϿĽ
ԭӦ̨ϣȴڹϯϡ
̨ϵı֣ǻսĳôץż˵ࡣ
̨֮ʱݵİ˵Ӱȥ˻ս֮С
ԶȻһпУҲֻε̾һ
⼸С˶Ӳ֪ô˱ĻᣬҲʲôˡ
СǰͲסˡ
ôԼˡ
Ȼô˵ȴΪ˸ϧš
˸һЩϱһѡºõΣܺɽЩ˶ѡһ
ʵʵҲֻܿŸżˡ
ڽĵ˵ļ룬̨ϵľ˲һߵ
³̣ôʲô
ʲôȻˣ
£³һƻУһ˻䵽˸̨֮£˽³ƻ򣬸ѡصĳҲòͣ
ڱĩ˻ų磬ǰ˸δɲ뿪ء
ϣһôһᣡ
뿪ء
ĸ䣬ʾ⽪һ˸ϽȥĪҪ˹ء
ǼӹԼûϱˣء
صϣļתͷȥԶĿ̨һɫɷǵ߲˭

ʦˣҲȥˡ
ȣΪʦЩûС
ֵҩ̫̫ˡ
һа޾ɵҩߣ˪һˡ
ǿѵΪľǲμѡΪ˱˱
ԩ˭֪ѡǰտĻ
ûϱôһƵģϷͽܿûô˰
ʦ
šüͷ̾һҩ۵ĺܡ
ǰԼ˻ҽѡ֪ôô
ʦǾһ棬ûƻء
֪ڿȺ˱ʱжôֻϧһжԵˡ
Լͽһͷɥģһӹһӡ
ɣӸǵ񡣡

1180 ¶

1180 ¶
ѡûзӲμˣǹأ˭Ҳƻ˹ء
ԼͽʲôԸǲ⼸С˶ҵ¶һεѡһ֡
ԣŻὫСӸˡ
ǡ
ĿСϵ֮ʱԭüչĳ˲ɢһ˫ԲԲġ
ʦлʦлʦ
ɶ¶ôˡ
תͷСϵݣһּʱҲͽһ쳣˷ܡ
ĩ߸һһСд֮󣬱鶼˷츲صı仯
ҩЩǵĿֿ˿սĽĵˣǵӽСӽȺǶǴˡ
ʦҩүүǾͷİɣǾԻѺùؿģ
ĩųÿһŵЦʵĴۣҩ֮⣬˭Ҳ֪˸˵ʲôĺ¶
ż˽ʧеӰҩüͷһ
ιȷҪ齻ȥôҪ֪ЩСӶѾﵽ۵ΪʲôĻڴ󲿷ֵӶ޷ܵġ
ˣ֪Ѫеּ˼֣һεĳħ·֮ϣԼĻԵǵΪ˸ľ
ҪȻأô
Ҳһεı顣
⼸СҵĻѡܲ˳ȥ¶
ҲǣϷǲ
ҲǣĽܱѡͳһ̲Ҫõöɡ
İ˿Ĳӵݺܼ򵥣ΪѡһԱĵǲ¸ָ⡣
ʲôֻҪ漰ȫͿԡ
֮ĩ༸˺ųȻ˱òμѡʸ񣬵ǿΪѡԱѲߣԱѡ
ҲΪνĵ˴޾ɵ״̬ת˷ܵԭû֮һ
ʱ֮أ˸ΧԱ߿ʼƻŸô⡣
ʦ˼ǲ˼ڵӵ֮ô涼ԡ
漰ǵҪû֮ǵĻôʵ
³̵Ŀڽĵϣûн˵˼ֻʩˡ
˵ҾͰ˵ȥɡ
³̻£ϵСӣСдѡݣԼ滮ȵȡ
ǼȻһѡԵĻǾͺúõĥһ²ĵҲƽһЩ
أһĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦҪôթжôļթ
֪֪ϵЦݺͷһģ
һĨթЦ⣬˾ú󱳺ⲻϡ
Թһ˱̧ͷѲڳÿһˡ
ѵ˵ǲһεѡЩʸڵǾһѡô
һ仰м
˵еҾȻԶԣ־Ƿ飬ΪڵӣǰʦʦԼǰɽЩǶһ¡
˵ҺֲͬʲôħȨΪǺðɡ
ܿģ˴һ£ҿʼôþѡڵӵļƻһȥʣµ֮Ȥζ
˵һǺһѡԵžͻʹ˰ݣȻˣôҪиǰ˸ˣǱȻҪڵүӴһľ
ô
ҹ
һѡˣȥǰһڿҲƳ˿ջס
ҹķ촵нڤ֮С
Դ뿪Ϲڵ֮оԼѾкþõʱûн뵽ڤ棬ûмˡ
ˡ
Ůģľվڽǰһ˫ӿŽģ˵Щı仯
ˣڵ״̬࣬нء
ΪϹһϵ죬ڽĲָͨʱһֱչ졣
ǾͺãЩˡһʱ䲻ܾڤ磬ӾͰиչˡ
˷ģһúõչġ
չȫԼϣ߽ĺúõȥ¶ʣµ鶼ͺá
գ塣
ĸո𴲣ܱټڴǽģĩ߸˼ųҲеڴ֮ڡ
еı飬ƺʲôҪ顣
ʦʲô
ǰ˸Ϸ
ڴһҵģļǵõ޺۽ƽԼ˵ҵ˵á
һаվڷյķУſտҲܡ
ô
ģӴϹžᣬɸܵʲôϦ
ı˫ۣĸΧһУһĲڿ֮Уζħ֮һʬ޵Ϣ
ʬ޵ϢǺϷ
ĸұ֤һʬϲɢζԲǺϷ
źԲڣҲκβڵ顣
ԣʬߵϢ
ߵ̨֮ϣļ̨ϳ˲ĳƽ֮⣬мտյʯӣЩʯӺ¼ҿϹžһģһġ
Ѳɡ
ʦϹžأ
Ϸ˵飬Ϲž᲻ˡ
һ糿ɨڴĳϾһУѾɱ峤ʬ֮⣬ʲôҲûˡ
峤ˣ
峤ЩӡһЦеı飬ʲô¶ͣôͻȻأϹžô᲻ˣ
ڴΪܵĵطûͻΪںԱǸ޷ڴ˵ȡڴڱϹžᡣ
һɱ峤ϲκ˵½Ϲžߡ
ʦ峤ϵʬʲôط
󡣡
̫żȫûע⵽󱻰ײڸס峤ʬ塣
ȿ峤ʬϵİײŹᴩ峤ϵһ˿ڡ
ҪôΪһ
峤ϣΪڵĳϣʵȻö˵
һɱ峤ϵ˲꣬˷ͬСɡ
ʦϹžȫô
һϹžҩķС
Ҳҿҩ飬ûнеһϹžŻңҲһߡ
Ϊȷıɱ峤ϵʬߡ
ѡڣȺӣʬڵȡϹžܻ֮ܿȺ֮С
ڵķʮֵܣΪȷħ룬ǽƳǻ뿪ƳǶҪ̲顣
峤ϵʬϻ£֮вŵʬϢҲδɢ˵ȡϹžɱ峤ϵʬ߼пֻܻڣƳǵĳһλá
Ϊʦ뿪ڣҲܶţҳûϹžͽˡ
ʦģһҵֵġ
ôѡӵ飬ҪĻҵ֡

1181 ħʬ

1181 ħʬ
峤ϱ˲ɱˣһˣҩеϹž֮⣬Ϲžᶼˡ
֮г峤ʬ֮⣬ѾûκмֵĴڡ
Ψһһұ֤ľǣʱ˶ƣɱ峤ϵףȡϹžڻƳ֮ڣʬߡ
һа˷ֳĸСӣÿΪһ飬ʼѰڡ
һʱʱ䣬ٶѰʬߵϢڲδҵʬߵĴڣֻнĿƳǡ
СһЩܽ峤ɱ˱ضǷ֮
ɽ£һҪСģϾ峤ϵΪȻȴҲȵĴڡ
ֱѡĽ׶Σ׽õ֮ǰ򲻿¡
ˣҲҪСģ
ƳǲڣΪ˸ҵ֣˸˸Ƴǡ
ʬߵϢԣ΢Ҳ˸֮˵ĵıȣûڲõĺڷֵܶ˸ߣʲôΣգһҪʱ
ųһʼҪȣʲôΣշȵȰ˵£ųҲֻöǰƳϱѰ֡
˸˷ֱɢƳǸѰʬߵϢ
ı˫ۣŲڿ΢˲Զ֮С
ֺƳУй
ƳǵİΪ˸мƳǣ֮нÿһʯÿչϡ
ϢΧڽĵߣζڸʬϵϢܲǹ΢Ĵڡ
أͣ˽ŲĿĿվһʯǰӡ
һɫĳīɫĳɢýϤˡ
񡭡ôϺ꣡
ܣܵߣȷϿľǱ˵ʱϵЦŨҡ
ͷűԼ߳һͷҪˣһ˫֮ӳӰӡ
㻹ô˵һΪ㡭˲ģ
û뵽Ƴǵ֮мΪħɱˣ
ŽĵĻͷǰϤеӣ֣ǰδɵľٶ
޳Ĵ˽Ķǰɢĳ˳Ķ
ôʱ䲻ô㲻֡
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ЦţЦƵһơ
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ڽּ뿪ʱ򣬸оĵֳǺ⡣
񡭡ôˣ
䣬޷ݵ䡣
¿񣬺ȷվԼǰ˾ҵĹӣΪ֮Ϊλһʬһȫ͸ű䳹ǵϢ
ȵȡ
ſһ̣ԼĿģ㸲ǵʬϢԽŨңϢǴϱŷġ
ĲɵӣɲԼжϡ
̧ͷһ˫¶Ŀ⣬ʺͲ⡣
㣬ôˡ
ûʲô㿴һ
񲢲ͲףһоǽĿһ
ڵӣһʬߡ
³һָظŽĵգָĺ絶һĸŽĵļ
ܣ
ųΪʬߵ񣬽ҡͷԼе뷨ҲǰڵǷʵ
ǻþӦöǻþ
ҡͷͼǰĻþɢʵʵվڽǰ
ڵҡһΪʬߣϢɱ峤ϵʬϢһģһĲԵжϣֲòš
ģ㣬ֺǲǻþء
̾һջ˫ָ֮еҲебĿڡ
ⲻʬߵ״̬ҲǶħ״̬
ΪʲôΪʲôҪô
Ϊʲô̫̫ĻҪһеô¶
ҷ֮ȥ
һΪʲôΪħʬߡ
ΪʲôҪɱ峤ϣΪʲôҪϹžᡣ
Ϊʲô
һеɾΪΡ
ȻĵĻشȴûΪʲôֻǾ˶ѡ
ģۿԼǰף걻ĥζʹ֮Уһʲôѡ񡣡
һĨ˵Ц⸡ڴǣ˫ڵвϵš
Ѿûκѡ
һеһΪ˹ȥôһӵǿ˳˵ȫңһʲôá
ʬΣħΣֻҪܱһΡ
ģΪһı鿴ҡ
һҪĵ֮ʱȴ㿪
֮УǧָӵУĲ֪˵ʲô
֪޵ľΪħʬߵԭ
ֻǡ
ֻΪʲô
ǵӣȻԣʱƷУȴǰħʬߣɱ峤ϵȡϹžס
Ϊʲô㡣
ģʧô
ؽ֣е̾ϢѾȫȻʧȥ˷ŵĳأ֮˼ϷʵЦ⡣
ֱΪʬߵһ죬Ҳŷĺô
ת˫֣һɺɫıȼ
ȵģǸ˴ϣĴڡ
ɴʱ˿̣еĺɫȴ˼£˸е
ħʬߣͬںϷʬߣħʬ߿Բ˼κνɣֻҪԼΪκ
ɱ¾Ѫȣַ鶼ħʬ߿һС
ھһ꣬ȴΪаħʬߣһʱ仹޷ת䡣
Ϲžõİɡ
ܵԼ侲˫۵˲䣬۵׶˼ֲΡ
ѾˣҲǴǰڵӣҪֻһ顣
Ϲžõģ峤Ҳɱء
ɫиֳһ˿Ѫȵɱ¾Ϣһ˲ڽĵߡ
ģֻҪһħ磬ҿ˫ַϹžᡣ
žһֱһƴϡ
̫ʧˣų綼԰ΪƫƫԨΪʲô
һɤӺĽ˫ȭ
뿴ڵ񣬲뿴ղսϺΪ˿кɱħʬߡ
һԭ̨ǸҪ֪һɡ
ĴһƣŲµգЦ
ʧôųκȣءôϼ޸ңԸħԸô
Ҽޡ
ûκԥ˵Ҽֵ֣ʱݵĳĬţЦЦôıˡ
ģ֪ӲңֻǿҰˣ

1182 ԭ

1182 ԭ
֪һֱ֪
ϲһֱǸˡ
ɼΣܰĿŮЦЦһֱڽĵߣѾ֪ˣ֪ˡ
ǣ˭Ҳ뵽ѾȻ׵Ľҡ
ҵÿһ˶ǰıħɱʬԵ
ѪȵһĻӡҪ𣬼ΪħΪΪ׶ħҲҪ˳ˡ
źһ˲ʱ򣬷Լ˲˹Ĵڡ
Ǿ仰ֻҪӵǿħʬΡ
ڣǿɱ˳ˣҲԶĶħ
񣬴ӽĿҼ޵֣вûκθ˵ĸ飬Ǳʹıʹ
ڵԼͽѾزȥǰˡ
㵽Ҫβſ뿪ħһȥ
ȥ
ŽģҪȥ
ѾˣʮħĸкβãΪʲôҪصǸȤζ˽硣
ģ֪ڵжôǿ˳һ䣬ʮħ֮ӣѾڵء
Цصÿһ䣬񳹳׵׵ıħʬߣ޷ع鵽
񣡡
һһȭݺݵسӹȥֻȴһץס˽ĵ
ģȱ̫ظ飬ңֻҪ׸ޱȵǿ󡣡
ſģ
һһâ̤⡣
ǻĩԼų׷׸ϵڿȫħѾʬߵ֮ʣҲǲԼĻ档
ô㣡
ųŽüŴϱŷܴϢϢϤˡ
ղȲԼȫڤɭнҲɺڵһħˡ
ųʣȥʲô
һӣ˺Լ״ۺһʩչҪס˭֪ںէֵһ˲䣬ΧߵħԽŨ
ħϵķӿţҲʧǰ
֮λһμ棬һΣұ㲻ˡϹžˣ
£ʧħ֮Уֻʣ㿴ҿһ⡣
⣬ô¶
һа˻صڣڴ˵˹顣
ħΪʬߵʱǾ㵵˵׿ԽĺӾȻħ֪˶ôľŻ·
лȥϢΪʦȥһкΰ취
޺ȻչأҲӦ֪Ҫԡ
뿪ڴǰ޺۱չ֪֮
ĵ뿪ڴڹϯϿű
Ļ³Ⱥսһڵֽţɴʱ˿̵˸û顣
˶顣
˵ģκһ˶ħҲΪħʬߣ
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ȭͷһĻĻϵػطԺ֮󣬾ۿΪħʬߣǲԼһС
ѡڼʱ򣬱ĩ˱ڴ֮С
ǿԲٵˡ
ʦôˣ
̧ͷĿΪʲôȥȡϹž˾
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ΪյĴڣһжǼƻ֮е顣
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˵һ˸±Ʋѡ
ʲôƻ֮е飿
ʲôƻ
Ϊʦ罫֪Ϸ˵һеһжǻʮħļƻ֮һһΪؼӡ
˵ڵļƻ
ԤԵǰ˵罫ֻŮĳ磬ҪиϸڣʮħĴڡ
ΪƻΪؼһڡ
ʦ˼ǡ֪ԼΪħʬߡ
ţչ֮ǰԼռһж˵Ҹѡ񡣡
޺۱չǰϦռһе鷢Ͼ״ӣʦĸĿԼͽܶٲԨ
ԱѡһǴ뿪߹ȥϹžԶԶ뿪
ұΪǿħʬߴڡ
գѡ˺ߣԸΪңֵħΪʬߡ
ˣĵһȭͷ
ʱֻںԹΪʲôҪѡ̤ħϵ·ǧǧΪҪ򼫶ˡ
ʼգûȥ˽дڵʹࡣ
סȻ֪ݣĪҪ¶ĴڣȻƻʧܣҲΣ֮С
ʦѾΪħʬߣνļƻɹ֮Աԭô
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Ҳʱħ޳Ĵߣһзӵġ
ţȵе鳾䶨һ죬һзħΪˣڹ֮С
ڵ֪֮󣬼ͬͬʱҲһ
ϺվϺꡣ
ʦȻ˵ˣͱִˡ
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ⲻ֪ʱ˿̵Ľȴһ顣
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ţ
̧ͷ¹֮£ԵɫӦ˫֮С
룬ȻϹžҲҪǲģǲҲӦˡ
ûͻ¼Ӧڻڵѡӡ
Ѿ⿪ҲֻԵչˡ
̫ðɣϾʵأ
κЩģڵĵӴ󲿷ֶ޵ͽ׵ĴڣֵĻȺ˻ϣɽô
֮ǲҪӺúõĶǣ֪ԼĽäĿĸ߹Լʵ˵Բԣ
ͬ⡣
ͬ⣡
ȫͬ⣬Ҿ˫޳ɡ
κ֮⣬ȫ˫֧Ļ
ҲǼûϱμѡﲻƽ⣬ǵҪй˵һڵӡ
֮һֵĻ֪ѡһûкӹˡ
ɣѡڶǾʹӵڶʼ֣ٺ٣
õģٺ٣
ǺˣЦôթٺٺ٣

1183 Ҳ

1183 Ҳ
ȻѾˣֽ׶Ҳ˲תġ
ı㽫е鶼ôڲμѡĵϡ
˵ˣԾǵ״
ʦĻ˵Ϊϸʮħڲǵ֡
ʧȥҵľʹִ࣬Ӵ֮ʬߵа֮壬붼֪ھҩĥ
ȵĻ֮ڱȻҪһҲ׺͵뾡취ָΪˡ
գѡڶ
һһٸˣڶҪһٸ֮пȥʮˣһ˲ʸμһ
˵ļٵģĩļ˾ȻΪѡӵĶ֣Цذѣ
㿴һıǿЦôҲϲ˵ģ˵ڱĩǼħҪѡĵˡ
ɣЩɶ۵ĴڣôֲʵֻںɽĵӲܿ⣬ء
ڱĩĸѾ֪зϲľۼİ༶ǿ󰡣̬ԼֲлħȵȵĴһڼ˵ϡ
ǰݴˣǻħĸִӺ˵
һеöˣδʲô͵顣
Ǭ£Ҳû鷸Щ顣
һʻôֲˣħˡ
ⲻ֪ĩһ˱ħԭ򣬱Դڼ˼ϱĩĵʦҩȶǼ飬Ƴǻ׶졣
ԴǼ֮ӡУĩͻħ˵Ⱥš
ʱ˿׼ôֵĽһ˸ûǵôǵġ
ڵİ˸˿νĦȭƣݵıŷҫ۵Ĺâ
ԣ׼ȷ˵鲼ĺ⡣
ֵܽǣ׼˰ɣ
׼ˣ
׼ˣһΣҪԶǵһѡ
˵䣬Ĳߵ˱Ĵϡ
ԭʮʤվϽ˵ףĿϴ񣬿ɾڱĩİ˸˳ֵһ˲䣬Լɲ֮ı䡣
£Ƕͬӵܣǲɱֵġ
³ЦţЦ˷ëԽǰοվǰڵӣڵԽǿֻš
ڹ̨ϿϷİҲһѺ
԰˵жʮˣǱĩİΪ׿ԽɱϾɽʮҲУ˭ʤ˭Ļ治˵
˵ҲǣǵʵȻ£ɽȺҲǳԸɷġ
ʱڹϯŶȿϷĺɽӽĿ˽ĵϡ
Ϊ׵˱˾ͽʦ֡
˿һ۽ģ뿪ϵµĽһŵȤȻļۿű
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˾ͽʦ뿪˹ϯֻ¶ʦַ佨˼ۿű
һѡ˾ͽδԼĩİ˸Ҳûбһεѡǽ὾˱ˡ
ΪжһĽıȻ뾡취ĥμѡĵӣҲã뿴Щ˻ʹʲôֶ
ҵ찡˸ǲ̫ǿһЩ
뽨俴ϳֳѹʹôȥĻûʲôˡ
ĩ⼸˸Էѡ֣ǲμѡĺɽʮˡ
û뵽⼸Сڳħһ·Ϊ˲١

ڶʦַ뽨̾һҪûʦֵĲһվϺͽıȻȻˡ
ϣ԰˵жʮڵӵĽĵȫȫֳѹơ
ź˵ڵϵڵӣ׷üͷ
ɽĵҲôô
³Щʧɽֶ˵мĴڣһҲôô
Щ㲻úɽĵӣûڴʦǶûô
̧ͷĿڲԶĹϯϣڶʦַ뽨˵λãȴ˾ͽʦ֡
˵Ϊûиϱ˾ͽʦҲûбԣ֮ûκνֵĻᡣ
μѡĺɽӣֻǺɽŵĵӣδǱɽϿɡ
֪ʵȻˡ
̨ϵĹ˿ûκθǵһĿűⳡԤϵˣûʲô̫ĳ롣
ȿȣ
ʱ̨ϴĿʾ⽪İ湻˾ְɣеأǶˣ˭μӵ
ѣǱֳǲǲԱΪֵĴڰˡ
Ǹʲô㣬㻹Ǽˣ˶뿪ѣ
ڶʮ֮ѡʮ˽ʮ̭
вѡı׼ܼ򵥣˭˭¾˭
Ҳ
һŭڼ׵Ȱ༶ĵ顣
ƾʲôЩǽҲ
һ౻̭Ҳ׷ӦһнŲ϶İ˸˸ûκʸԱı׼
Ϸı仯û뵽ģϯ˾Ҫսһʾƽ
ô죿
³üⲻĿŽģ˵ܲϲҪҪһӳȥ
ţ
³׼ֶʱ򣬽ĳֹ³̣ǰһṷ̋Ķʮڵӡ
ȴ˵ʲΪƫҲڼУԼΪһֱͣͲǰ
㣬ƫϣ㲻ԼŻ³
㣬еķŸͲԣӦķԯޡ
һһָʮ˵Ĳ֮ԼôвŻ°빦
ҲܣҪ
˵˸Ҫ뽪±һΪŵԼĵָͷǳ裬ࡣĳ衣
ãҸᣡ
Ŀ˵ǣ㣬ָǰ̭Ķʮˡ
˵ǿѡǰ˸֮һһжǶʮˣˣҪԹԵ˳ǰ
ˣжԶԶٲѡ顣
˫ŭŽģȴõǱӵĿ⡣
ʮΪԼܹһθõƬ֮ѡκΪսĶ֡
֮УκȿʵΪСֻҪսʤˣǾͿվѡıֳ
űʮѡΪֵκȣĵ΢΢üͷ
ȷôٸһλᡣ
ȷôô
ע⵽κȫ̶ûг֣Ǿ仰ֻҪκȣǾܷˡ
ѡΪֵκɬǰҧ촽վǰĶʮڵӣòԵĵ˵ͷ
ⲻ֪ų˲κߣ޳Ĵκ޽ǵĳʮİǰһ

1184 Ϸǧ

1184 Ϸǧ
ȣһһЩ˵ˣһۡ
֪˳硣
вŮò֮ϣ˵ųκһɾ£˿Ľѡ
֪ΪΣ˾ôء
ôǰҲˣͣ
Уѡôʱ
ɶĻǻؼԼϱ˵òãǲ뿴ҪѪܵı
ܴܲˣīʲôī
ʱ̨ϵİʧȥԣ漴һһ׼ݵڷɧ޹֮ϡ
磬ҷƢˣ
úúãҴˣԺ󲻻ˣȲҪˣ
Ż
˶ıĩԱҲֳܲ档
ų簡ܱܲңȥԷ
ˣϽɣҶˣ
ųߵʱųŶʮˡ
ǶʮֻоԼʲôڲϵػţֻҪųһˣַǡ
Ȼųھʮˣ˺κһͷ˿͵Żҷɡ
Ϲĸʲô㻹ôȻǼΪ͵ģȴҽҩĴڡ
ʾų簲һ߿ϷͺãǳˣֲСӣôġ
ϣһڰɫκ˫ֲĽһ𣬶վŵͬŰƷĶʮڵӡ
ץסᣬʮڵǰκŰΧУʼĸΣϾǸŮӣֻҪʹһЩֶΣӮ˱ͺãǾͲ뿪ѡˡ
ɶʮ˸֪ԼԵĲʼߣһö֡
ʮ˵ļƻܼ򵥣ü䱰ɵֶνκȣʱǵʤˡ
ڿ̨ϵķ뽨ҲȻʮ˵ĿΪΣҡͷ
ֲͣͲǰԭ˼аϣ⼸˶ϳڰɣڶˡ
֪ˣʦ֡
ںɽĵӲеĵô򵥣ֻеɽܽӴ飬ȻҲȨǰɽĵӣǶʮ֮ˡ
ڶʮ˳һ˲䣬һ˵ڻ֮±Ҫ֮£˭֪ʮŸǰһ˴ڻʮ£ʮһ˵һ㶯á
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κЩε̾ϢţܽڵʵȻͣƾоѾ޴ʦļһʱһкõĽ
ϧˣĿϧˡ
κһӣаɫķĩɢڿУ̱ڵϵĶʮܶ壬Ҫûκȡ
һһ£ڸڵӵϡ

ų±ŷɫ׵֮һ׼Ϯκȵڵӣֱ̧Ҫȡ
ؼ֮ʱκץסųҡҡͷ
߰ɡ
ãû˵㡣
ųڿκȵʱ˲ɢȡ֮޾ᡣ
ϯϵҲĿϷ˶Զʮ˵ıӡ
ѡȻøַʽӮñЩȴһŮ¾ʽǸڶˡ
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塣
ѡĻͳŶһͷ˳һųһ³
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ձǵ
ʲôúµģȺˣһ˵Ķء
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˵˶ٴˣЩںɽӣֻŵӶѡ
̧һƴ³̵ԴϣǧҪġ
˳ԳԺȺȵʱҩҲϵ˷ص塣
ɶôһٴеӣϷһھƲôȥȥȥÿȥ
ʦ˵Ļǣ˵ˣϰ£³ãϷҪ¡
һӰ˸˱úãӲҩˡ
ʦҩүүѡڶαôǻˡ
զΪʦôСӣϷô̳ŵС˶ӣƣˣ
ҩһھһڲ˳Եǽһ󰡣ȫ˻Ŀġ
Ϊ˱һӲ˶ҩ˳Թ⣬˸˺˼չʱٵĽ
һӲˣӶ͹ʮǽԻıʷӵ˼¡
ϣһ飬Ϸ˵ʲôҪ˵ô
Ա֮Ҫ߽ĵˡ
ԶԶԣϷҲ˵ʲôأ
ôһ˵ҩҲˡ
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뽨䣿
ŶڵĶʦ֣С˶ӵΪǲ£ҪΪСǼ˶ȻΪڵĹء
˵⣬ҩòһ˾ͽͷ뽨ǼСӡ
ǿǿ˾ͽͷ뽨伸˴СһɳΪںɽĿӡ
һڳħ˵ɣкɽЩ˰ţ̬Ҫغܶࡣ
տǵı֣˾ͽǸС˶ӾҲһͬǰŲлᷢʲô飬ȻΪʦ˵˰ɡ
ʦ˼Ǹ˾ͽͷ뽨ô
³û̫Щ˼ʲôѵ˵ǰʾھŲŪ뽨һô
ִ³̣漴ַ˫֣ε̾һ

ԼѡɵӣҲҪȥ
Ҳ˾ͽͷ뽨ֻǹжѣҰŲ֮вٵĺñѡῪŲ
˾ͽͷ뽨ŽĵжҪ߽ļˣŲ֮еıɲ˵˵ѣһһıʲôɷ
Ϊʦ˵ھŲ֮һϹ飬˵ϹŮĶֻھŲ֮˷ֶѣǵ˼ԪҪúõİס
Ϲ飿ŮĶʦ˻ô
һϹŮ⼸֣ԺбŷһζİĻ棬ټһʱ飬ֱ߽ģһҪŲҵϹ顣
ҪСΪŲ֮Σձ鲼ȳҪֲٱΪʦµûĻʮħҲһλپŲʱѰϹ顣
ҪŲֻѡ֮ʱɡ
Ҳ֪ʮħһŹһξѵĻᣬԣĵҪһʮħҵϹ飬ԲϹȺħС
ɶư
ʦȵ̫ˡ
һɾѬ˷׷תȥ
ȶࣿܣϷǧ

1185 Ų

1185  Ų
ҩ˶ȶˣ³̺˸صԼķ䣬ҪǻʹֵĻϵĸСĻҪһ
ģϹŵرȤ
ע⵽˽ĵ飬һΣÿ˵ϹŵһЩϢʱǱֳرĹϵ
µûĻӦǺһ幬йϵȻǷʲô飬ûнЩǡ
ˣԼĺȻΪǼ˵İȫ룬ԽˣԽĵġ
۷ʲô飬һбĩÿһ˶ߡ
Ļýů
֪˼ֻǣֻڼеƬΣûб֤ʵ
һϢûʵǰ£ǣ֮С
ңԼҲԺʱػӿֳİƬεʵڵģ翵Ļ룬һļ䣬˵ǿԺ֮бĹ¡
Ǿ仰һжûŪ֮ǰǲὫǾеġ
İɣҲ¶ģ˵ǿǱĩĵӣ˿еĻСħ
һ仰ǲ⡣
ǶףĩÿһӵǿʵǺܶηģСħôģ
ɹ顣°ӵô
³ûЩ¶³ҡҡͷ
顣ҵ뷨ûӡ
˵ţ³̿˿ſˮ˵ȥ°Ӱ°˭
أ͵ô
³ųûиɹ⵵ǱĩĨڡ
ųһҪ͵ôڵżû˲ˣԼķóһǼֵǵϡ䱦
Ҳԣû顣°ӵ飬Ҳû͵飬ΪɶǾͱСħء
ΪƴƳһ¡
ʱŹ˲ǰôʱϵ˺ۺֻ࣬ǰʱ䲻СĴɽˤˤȣҩʱĽͷ˻ȥŲڷĺ
ʼղĴɽˤȻԭ
ʱôʣǲڡ
άˣڳ˱ĩ֮⣬Ҳֻˡ
ĸҶ϶һʱڼ
簡һȳһյľͺúϢôܵ塣
³ǰ£һߵ٩ĿԱ˵ϡ
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еģ֪ձҪŲһ
˵ţӻóһҩݣҩݺƽҰûʲô𣬿ϸ֮£һҩȻǴ˵еݡ
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˵ֻҹཻһ̣ݻῪϣȵˮ֮ʱֻһϢʱܴӺˮȥĺϲժݡ
Ȼ˵ֻǴ˵Ҳ֤ʵݵԡ
ȣκΪһʧݣ
һݣκȵ˸ҫ۵Ĺâ޲óȥסŸм֮顣
ȻκߵųȻô
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һоƬҶÿһƬҶ֮˵һˡ
е֮ɫеӸ˽ġ
ŰɣҸģҵҲᵽˣȥŲʱСһЩ
һ仰̫˼֪罪һŮԼʲô
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᲻ǡ
ܣ
ĵ˵ͷû˵֣Ͼǽжĸֲ˵˵ѣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôΣյĴڡ
ֱѡ߻ӣСĽΪ
ܶΣնǻӿڳΪȷŬԺҲҪ̸顣
ȣһݽ㡣
ôĽ㡭
κȼǰرŽԼеһԵųǰһٵĽ
жɣҵĴ㶼ԡ
µĿװǲˮǸŮĺͬã˶ôҳԷɴס
ĳһԸı飬ĻҪ˻ˣŮҲ׵ķ׳Լӵ
⻰ýŪų磬ôһԳȥڤˣҪǿȵϣôųء
գѡŲǰ
ѡͬѡһ߼Ĵڡ
ŲǱȳĴڸҪԶ֮ء
ô˵ӳ߳˻õ߹½Ͽɣ
ӾŲ֮߳õϿɣ֮Լ
֪ŲǶôΣյĴڡ
һʮ˽ڵӣϱĩཪųˣںɽʮˣʮ׼Ų֮С
һȥȳҪΣ쳣ǶҪССģô
Ϊʦͽǵʵǣ̫ŲжôΣգҲǷѾһŴӾŲ߳
Ƕ£һĳɫ
ˣЩ鶼ǹȥˡ
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οֻҪǰŲĽҲΣյġ
ŵͼôסˣͼϷ򻭺ĵطǾԲ̤ģħǸӦԵģô
֪ҩүүҩүүʦǾȽȥˡ
һڵѾ˾Ų뽨˾ͽҲ˾ŲۿĴžҪرգԽΪףһаҲ˾Ų֮С
˵ıӰʧУɵüͷ
֪ΪΣһֲõԤĪĸֶֻɢȥԽŨš
С˶ǣһҪСģ
Ųĵһֳ飬ѡĵʮÿʮһ飬ĩ˸һ飬ںɽ˾ͽΪһ顣
Ų֮㱻͵˲ͬĵط
Ųֻ֮һ磬Χһƶ˵ĸġ
̧ͷԶԶؿȥԿҫŹâľ޴֮䣬İλһƬԭһ޼ʵĲԭͷ촵ݵĺ泩

1186 ȥ

1186 ȥ
ŲĽֻ˵
ǵʦ˵ֻѡʱŲŻῪһʮֹϵ֮أȳڵҪԶ
׷ݵڽ֮ʱ
Ųǳһвͬ磬ѩ֮磬ǵԭʼɭ֣һƬ֮ص֮ȵȵȡ
ھŲ֮Ƭ磬û֪絽жֻ֪ھŲ֮Уܿǰδľ
ԭ֮ϣµϢ˵ıϾɡ
һǾŲô
κָԶһƶ˵ĸڽŲ֮ǰǰĲȥһЩϣмһЩھŲ顣
ţǱǾŲһǶҪС¡
óͼҩүүڵͼϻĺӣбעĵطǾԲǰģ̸ǵʵӦԵġ
ϾŲȥģԣܰȱ㰲ȵĺá
߰ɣ
ţ
һаڲԭϣƬޱ޼ʵĲԭ֮У̧ͷܿŲƫƫֻܿŶѣȱʲôҲˡ
ڴʱ鲼ԭʵձڸǡ
Ų֮ǰ˾ȫ׼Ѿʱؿܷ
³˴񣬰˸ж֮꣬ʱ齫
нָ֣˺޲ð涼

³̳ƣ˿ơ
˵ǶʱҲûпʲôΣգǲҩүү̫ˡ
˸ÿ涼һݵͼͼϱעźĵطǼ˾Բ׼̤ģͼϻһЩСעҩΪƽȹ־רдġ
ȻЩעƾҩļ䡣
Ҳкܶû˾Ų֪ڵĻǲǵһ棬ֻƾż佫һжעڵͼϣ㼸Сн
УҩڲԭСͼԱ߾дһλ˼ǲԭһʮѸ͵ޣ޵κһʮֵǿޱȵķǱҧ֮󻹻о綾
ڣУΪӥ֮ʣǾԲֵģȴ֮ʱ뿪ѨѰʳ
ûжصͼϵЩôС΢
еƣʱһ֨֨е롣˷
ѰתͷȥֻһӰ˷ӿ˹ԽԽ࣬ൽͷƤ顣
Բۣʲô⣡
һ޳Ⱥ糱ˮһŵκȾУһų绳С
֮𡣡
Ⱥ޼һ˲䣬һӣ߾˵һޣԽԽ͵ƣϡŵɢŵĿϢ
ɶ
ҩүүעްСһЩЩСء
׻˵úã϶ҧ󣬸οˡ
Ӵڷ֮нɵĸɸɾֻʣһ߰׹ǣҩүү˵һŲ֮б鲼ΣգԲܵġ
޵ȻӴ󣬵ǶӦ˱ĩ˸Ҳʵĵù
ùǣһӵʱ䣬鲼ĲԭȻ硣
̫ҫڲԭϵһ̣ǻڹһˣǿʼĴӴܶܣʱ˿̴иµӥǸĻᡣ
һӥ˻֮ӥצץס˼ҪҪߵ޷߿֮Уſצӣֻ޴Ӹ߿׹˲㱻ˤԽӶըѿġ
޵࣬ӥҲңǰһ̻쳣͹һֻ֪ĴӴܣֻϧŵӥǸġ
׵Ļ˵ʳ
Уе㷴θ
תκ
ǰһȻɱӥʮ־ֶνǧֻޣŨҵȳϢЩϢ޵ѪҺɢġ
Ǹ̲סˣ
ǿ¶ŻµŽԶȥӥǷҪȥɭַ
ӵͼ˲ԭ֮ɭ֣ɭ֮дڵΣҪȲԭö࣬ҩүүɭԱҲעӦעһ㡣
ʰʰѣǰɭ֡
ţһᣬ̫ôˣ
޵ѪҺɢĳζζѬ޷ܡ
ǿѹ¶ĸоĽıôһ˵θҲӿҪŻĸо
һ֮󣬰˸˲һ¼н
ȣЩô
ųظκȵĺ󱳣۵Ŀɫ԰׵κȡ
ţöˣû¶˳硣
ȵɭֱԵʱҸһˮһ
ų۶ᣬǺ޲ð¼еᶼκһˡ
ѣθոһЩܲܲˡ
³̵ĻҲҪ˵ڵĻ
θѾûʲôµģ˵ȥĻҲֻаʲôĸƢθ³ˡ
ڣøӦ˵һʱ֮һ˿뿪˲ԭɭֱԵش
￪ѣʮˣ
ûѼˣ
⣡
˷㣬ټϸղôһ⣬˶ǰ󱳡
ǿקųһ³ˣ˿ʼ´׼Ϣһϡ
ôôоһӾͺ
ƻ衣
Ŀ˿գ³˵һһӾʹӰת˺ҹսƻ֮ʱ
ˣϾǾŲó˵˼άȥǡ
ڿʲô
ߵ˽ߣָŵͼϵһ档
طɭֵҩүүıע˵һ־綾ޣ㻹ǵ󿴵Ƕλô
һ仰ʲô˼
УҩүүǧĪҪ̤ȦķΧ
Щֽ֧ģһ漰İȫ֮ʱԻһվԡ
֪ϼأľ޳ֵĵط֮ⶼһֲҩֲҩĹЧݲ¡
ǶôĴڲýĶԣֲҩһƬҶӶǼصġ
ǾھŲɭֵıԵشıʾԲȥӴľޣֻǴľް֮ҵľݾͿˡ
ģҾԲԼκΣյġ
֤ԼԻСССģκΣշһ仰ҲͬʱǰľڵѰľֻһˡ
ûκ극ȥ˯ľݵͷ
ɫһξܾ˽ģȻľݵҩüֵٸߣȲĵİΣ
۽ô˵ǲͬ⡣
ѽ
һĨЦ⸡ڽĵϣͼͬ⣬õĻӦˡ
ҹɫİ˸ڸԵϢʱһӰ˳
ȥİ

1187 

1187 
͵͵ĲǱˣǽġ
ңĻ˸š
̫˽⽪ˣǾ˵鼴ȫ練Զûãԣֻš
šǸʲôһ¡
ĺٺٵЦţЦĺ飬Լֻ̾һ
Ҫȥҵľݣ֤Ҷ췢ľԲľ޵ĺòã
ľݺͬһĲҩܷŹ˾ѵĻᡣ
ңľûеĹЧǿ˽ƿĽ׶ιǿͻҲκθá
ľݺƳɵҩЧɱ
˵ضҪǰľڵѰľݡ
㻹³̻˶۷ļҪ۷̤۵ľ磬ҪĲҩ֧ţȻԵҲǱز١
֮鶯֮˵ԼҪȥժľݵɣΪ˱ĩÿһˡ
³̣Լų缸˶۷Ľ׶ΣҪ۷̤۵ľ磬ǿԵġ
˲һ֧ţһݽߵĻԽڤȡӦС
˲һҪĵرΪ֧еĻҲľҲգڽ·ϸǿԼ
һ㣬ҲǽķҪǵľݵĹؼ
һҲǹڼ˽֮٣۷̤ΪҪĵҩҲҪעػԵ
һ仰һڽ֮ʱʲô⣬߳ɵļʻᱻɣʱǴɽܱס򽫻ԱҲΪɢ
ΪʲôĲ뿴
һҵľݣݵ¶ศɣʱǼ֮еκһĽʧˣҩݵҩЧҲʲôʧͣ۷Ľ׶ֹһʱˣʱںúõɡ

û˵ȥѾ׼ˡ
˿Լı֪˵ģǾֻкͽһȥľ޵Ѱľݡ
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Ҹᣬ˵һΡ
Цţ˫˿еΪΣϸֳЦݣˡ
һһ𣬴룡
ſˮ󣬶һǰһǰͼϱעڵķλ
ľޣһɭ֮еһޣûС
ľޱɭֵľԪû˵һ־ɭֵĻ
֮ľûУҪΪо綾֦ɻѪҺֻҪմȾһɥ
˵ǿĶҺ֮£ɵӶǰȻҪѰľݵĽĺˡ
վ֮ϣɫ֮ſڵϵľ޴ޣ޵̬ˮţƣֻһˮţҪ屶֮࣬ľ޵ȫ¶֮ŵĵɫŹâҺӦľ޵ѪҺо綾ѪҺ
˵Ҳ֣ľޱǾ綾Ĵڣ֮ڶҺ֮£ľȴһѵõҩݡ
˵һﲻһǷǺڼףΪľ޵ľ綾ľһ
꣡
ʾ⽪СһЩԼȥժľݣʲô紵ݶˡ
ҺһȥҲиӦ
ĸһΣ֮УСĸ󣬶˯ľް֮⡣
һľݾľ޵࣬ɢŵӫֲصľݡ
ŵǰҪժľݣָӴľݵʱ˭뵽ľ޾Ȼ˫ۡ
࣬ôĵӡ
һͳľ޵Ŀл֮ѹ˵࣬ƺֻҪľʲô˲佫ɱ
ľƺûд㽫ŪµĿųǰ׼ǰľݵСһ
ľ޵Ŀ⿴ĵʱһ˫īӺƼֲ⣬ȴһЩһ
Ůû뵽ǻٴ
ȻľʶĵģҲǰŮϹŮתԲŻ˵һ
ʶôԣǰô
ĶŮĻѾϰˣȻ֪ϹʱԼʲôˣȷһ飬ǰľʶԼ
Ȼ걾ֻһֱѰľ޶ѣҲĸգŻᱻھŲ֮С
ǸЩҶˣٺ٣
ľ޿Щýĸһ飬֮ΪʶӦòʲôõʶ
ɣô˥
ǰʲô
ŮˣȴûнʱյпҪлŮ񡣡
˵ţľ޴ſŵ״̬վ˵ԵýĺôİС
ľվֱ壬ڿеѹ֮Ũҵĵ˼㣬ĺҲ׼Ӧʱؿܷ״
һʢѽĻ
⣬ҵĺˣ
ڿϱĽ֮ʱľīɫסˣҲøǳء
Ϲҵĺˣǣб¾ͳӾԲ˵һ֣
ۿľߵǰ޷ݵѹѹŶ޷ϢĽҲŨҵ˼㣬ɻһ仰۷ʲô飬ýΣյġ
ϤϢ㡭ô
ɶ
ˣ
ľ޳ʱűľҪģҲ߶žѰŻľһȻק뿪
˭Ҳ뵽Ӳķǰת̫Ѹͣö޷ܡ
ľ޲ûжԶκΣգ֮ſǰһ˫īɫӾСһһ˵֡
ͽĲ⣬ľԽȷԼ֪Ϥζ
˵ϢûֻתҲؼǵã
磬ǲϴˣ
ûУˣǰ߰
ľ޳ԼΪߣˣ˵Ϲʱľ޵
ľôһ˵ľΪλ˲תԭ
Ϲʱôţô
ľ޵˵һϹʱҵˣҲһң˿
ʱʱڵľޱ˲˺УҺһ֣͵ľ޲ҽ
֪һȺֽľץסΪ˷ֹٴεȡ÷סľޣǱ͵ˣڴ˷
ľߴΣľޱץߴΣľΪԼޡ
ˣһһޱ㿪ʼ˼ĵӣҲʱڵľȡߡ

1188 ƨ

1188 ƨ
ֵΪľޱߴֱ͵ߴΣԽߡ
Ϊʲôаʮġ
߼ߵʮûΪʲôаʮĽаߡ
Žĵʣľüͷһвı鿴
Ů㻹ǰһ
ʲô˼ʲô˼
һٵıӣƲƲ졣
ȻǰޣҪҪˣ
ˣѾھŲе㲻֪õʱ䣬ΪҲˣٴμתԸߡ
ľްôھŲ֮еģһͽġԣӦǺͽĵǰŮܲɷֵĹϵҲΪľڿĵʱҪһȥԭ
ľ˵Ϲʱħս֮ˣҲľҪȥħΪԼ˸𣬵Ůĳִͷ
Ůҵĺ˻תҪھŲ֮аȵ֮һؾۡ
ľʱʱ̶̿ŮĻھŲ֮У縴һ긴һ꣬һ꣬һǧ꣬һꡭõĶʱĴڡ
ʼŮĻǼ٣֪ռŮת˵ת
ˣҪڶ°ߣѾǿˣԱˡ
κͷˮţһСİȴ˵ٶĹǰȥһһһȥһյʱ䡣
ô
ţңǰߣ
֣ڻı²ᱻߵĶҺˡ
ȻҲǵһ飬Ҫ֪һʵ
ľްһʵڵֽҵ֮ˣѾǰң˿
ҪԼߣҪ飬ԼתֻأվֻǱˡ
ףֻǰߵˡ
˭Ҳ뵽ժҩ˾ȻⷬѴ֮շǿľΪԼޡ

ĶһԣһһŵĲժľݣľ޾Ͷߣһ˫īɫӶԾԹ
ɶҪǰŲܳô߸˵˾ƾȱ۵ıʣӦøлҲŶԡ
ߣĸľ޻ԼʲôΣյ
˵ˣ˵Ķʵðɡ
ľ̫ˣҪȻҲᱻȺͬƭߴΣҪǰľޣͱɱ걾չˡ
ǰҲΪľ޵İȫǣô̻ھŲаȫ˭֪᲻ֱƭˡ
ң
ˣҪ°ߣ߻ԹԵġ
Żţ˲ίĿһ۽֮ͷ
ٺ٣Ǵհ
ļ֮ڵľݲժøɸɾģЩľټһݣ㹻ͻƵ۵ľˡ
߰ɣʱҲˡ
ţߣ㲻Ļָ֮У
ˣ߲
һӣһâ֮ʣߵľʧ˽ָռڡ
Ҿ˵ûɣȻջ񡣡
ļûûεЦε̾һŽĵԴ
һΣ²Ϊ
֪֪ˣľݶҲժˣҲû´ˣ
뿪ľ޵أصɭֱԵӪأո̤ɭ֣㿴һװ
Ҫɶȥ
Ľ㡭̫ˣǶڻˣ
̾һκȷеĵǣһ˵˽ĵĻС
Ľ㣬ô˵һͽɭȥѰľݣ֪֪жΣգ
û¶޲ް
κȵĺ󱳣ȴ⵽һµַ
Ҵ˻ôȽһ
Ŀţֻò⣬ӱóժľȫκȡ
ľݡĽ㣬ҵľô
ǲҪģ˲֪ʧĶȥʲôɭѰĺʱ˳ǰ
ˣԼĻԵշľΪԼء
˵ɭз飬ǽһľһоա
Ľ㣬׼ôΣյ顣
ǰģ㲻֪жൣġ
Ƿᡣ
˵һ߾Ҳǹģĵĺʲô⡣
֪ˣҷľûһΣԣ
ı֤Լô˵ġ
շľԼô
ľǺεȵĴȻĲ֮мľ޵һЩϢǿǴ˵ϹŵĴڣǿҲͬɭľ飬ûκС
ţȻȥе㳶ȷȷʵʵΪҵޡ
ЩôԵķˣס
Ϊսһû뵽ֻǶƤӾͰˡ
ʱѾһĨǰףȻ˶ѾˣҲʼ緹緹֮ɭڲᴩɭֽʯش
ڷͺֵأҪҪų
ڷͺħޣнŲƣڽŲ֮ǰǵ뵽ָ֮УƥҲŽ˾Ų
һָ֣Ӱ֣һκȺͻ໵һ˹ȥ
СףûҰͷ
أأأ
ѾΪŮͷʲôóԵĺĵһ뵽ľǺס
˵ֻҪһĩ༸˵ĵλ˲併͡
һڼȣ㲻ѽ
κ˺¼ϵζ˺׵ĿУ׿ĵκز䡣
˷ų˲ȫ׵磬׼׸
һ˸ӽʲôؿ㣡
³ĸ˿źϷųֻ޿ħĴʱضԴף۶ԷŮ˻Ʒ֡
ٳһڣ
Ҳι׳ԣһ˻дŹŮЦ
һ³̰γ񵶱Ҫȥ˺⹷Ҳϱ
ôûִһƥӸȣǿ벻̣
һ˸ӽʲôؿ㣬
˿źϷ׼˺׵³̡
ҲףܵĴ³̴ûܹģҲ³ô嶯ˡ
ڴʱŮǰֵĺ׿һڵλã֮ǳ֮⡣
ߣϲ
һ˲䣬ϵŭ˲˼㡣
һֻӱӣôȻܣ
ƨ

1189 վס

1189 վס
ΪˣҪ˵ϡ
ǰǾźСӣ䱾ıǡ
ȥǵ־͵Щ
ɫӰӳںǰһ˫˫жŷҪװƤū
׼״ãһԾһӰɭ֮У³ųҲ׷ȥ
С˶ӣվס
ߣ
վԭŤͷǼӵĿ⿴һۣһ룬һɫħ׵ʧħ֮С
ǺǻһؼڷҲ䷢ֵܻܵ£ʱѵ֮£Ѿܺúõƿ˲ʧֵļˡ
ڷ磬ͲܸܵǸˣ
Ŀһʧɭеļˣعͷźڷ硣
Ͼ׻ڵĺǻʣ˶۷Ĵڡ
Ҫ˺ףҲҪ׷ϲǡ
ڷԼĵܻܵʲôΣգһ˫īɫӿܣǾŲôȻʺ
תڷҲһ̵ʧں֮Уֻʣ½Ļκ㿴ҿ㣬һӻûгʳ
ҲˣҲˣڷΪѵײȥھŲ͡
һʱ֮УһʰҽɭУ׼Խɭֽʯش
յͼע·ߣֻҪһֱ·ǰУ֮ǰʯɽ
ۣĺƲݣۡɫۡ
ԴӽɭֿʼκȾһ޸еı֮Уɭ֮еҩݼֱ಻ʤĻ澹Ȼɶѳɶѵţ
ȣȣ
ĽκȣۿҪҪ֮ǰ뿪ɭֵҵش
κе˼ۼҩ֮ϣΪ˵ʲô
ȣ
ʲôղڲժҩûĽ˵ʲôôˣ

ε̾ϢţʾκȾͽųչˣ뿪ɭȥ׼Ӫص顣
İɣȥ
һ漰ҩݵ飬ȾǱһһɭֶκ˵һ޾ıҩʣ˭ԼϲĶ࿴ۣοҩʮֳԵκˡ
Ϊ֮ǰϵʯشҲΪ˲κȣգųκȲժҩģǰС
Ҳ쵽ɭʯ򽻽ӵĵشųҲ̫ķʲôΣգļ뿪ɭ֡
ż뿪ɭ֣оһɸϢڱǻ֮УһҷҲüۡ
ôķ磡
ɭ֮иܲ˾޴ķɳҪΪɭ֮еľڵ˲ҷ磬ɭ󣬼ֻܼѵڷɳ֮֮С
Ǿ޴ʯôﰲӪկ
ʯشɫ֮³ֳһֹɫټԽԽķɳҪǰѰһʵŵѾˣѡҲ¶޵ĵط
ڷɳĸ֮£ӵʱŴ񣬼˵ͷմȾɳ
ûˣֻܳһЩɡ
ҷ紩ʯķ϶¿Ǻ˻³û˵ʲôǰһ顣
˵ʲô
˵ɳ̫ټûиɾˮԴҲ˷ǴˮԴʱ
˵һɳ̫Ҫ̫̣˷ˮһЩ洢ʳ伢
˵ҩүүעڵͼϵϢʯشôôķɳ
һʱ֮ų籧űʵʵκȻصУųȫ¶ɳӡ
㹻ɰ˸ˣɳĴϷžĵļֻܴ齫
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İ³һۣе³һ³ƣ˱Ȼһƣ¼ԴһûذѾ˻
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ѾģžҲûá
ô㻹Ҵʲôơ
Ҳ֪³һɫž߬ţ³ˡ
Ȧķɳ֪ʱͣ
Ҳʰ񣬰ҩ·ͼʯش
ûоһֱߣ
عͷȥһб¶ȣȻһֱڳߡ
ôˣʲôԾĵطô
³̲Ŀʲôô
ģ
û³ָ̣֪ŲԶһʯߵһʯԱߡ
ʱĥټϷɳʴʯϿ̻ŵͼѾǣԴӲʯشʼÿһٲʯ֡
ǾŲȻҲ˾׼ڰٲ֮ڽһ˶ߵʯ
㻳Щʯ⣿
жϣڼ֮ϣδֹκβ
ʯѾĥ˵ͼָ֣ĴʯϵĻơ
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һƵص˶ߣŴǿ˹һķӿŻɳΣյϢ˲併ǰ
ɳʯĺɫԼٶȳŽİ˷˹
Բۣʲô
СӵٶȺܿ죬û˿ʱ䣬Ѿǰ
ߣŶɽߣ
ԽԽĺɫС糱ˮһͷƤ飬ʱɳһδ
ʲôط
һаǰ治ϵţǧ֮Ӵں治ϵ׷ţһ·ϣ֮СӴʯ·ӿϣ׷С
ˣЩʯϵĻһ䷨ٻʳʬ棡
ܾʯϵĻƿź죬ֻЩƱĥĺأûڵһʱʲô
糱ˮһĺɫСӵǣǼСʱһô
һֺΪ˳ͷЩ˴ǣͬʱҲΪ˳ͷ֮˵̷
ôھŲ֮С
Ͻܰɶ¶һ룬Ҫ
ۿһһѵĳӾҪ׷ˣ³ȫ¶ġ
߾ȼЩʳʬ棬ת˲䣬һʳʬ׷
ǰ棬ǰˮ̶ôȥ
ΨһĻӣҲˮ̶֮ʲôΣյĴڣܱȱȺʳʬҪðɡ
ͨͨ£κȻȥˮУʳʬˮۼˮ̶ϿղϵڣȴŲ׽Ļᡣ
ˮǱŵĽĳ˳˵䣬ʾ˸ߣˮ̶ĵ·һš
ʯһƱƿˣĵ˳ʯźһֱӾβеľһ˲䣬ϣĹâǰ

Ƴ˯ߣڴڵĺʵĿľ˾ţ֮ʯİߡ

1190 ʲôԸ⣡

1190 ʲôԸ⣡
ģӻΪҪȺӵĶ棡
̰ĺΧĿ³Ѿûжڶһָھ˼ʲôˡ
³̣˶ˡ
Ϣ˺һᣬ˲ŸоԼ˹
ԣ˵Ǹʳʬʲô
һ
ʳʬʱԾһֱ˼һ⡣
ôھŲУʵ˲⡣
ֻ̳ϲŻΪԭ
ˣʲôѾҪˣؼҸض·ɡ
ʯڵ¶Ⱥܵͣôȥػ˸˲Ź֡
ȼշžһӸŮĵ˻·֮󣬽ʪ·һԿɡ
Ҳʱ
ˮ˻Ҳü˺úõĳһˡ
Щ򵥵ķˡ
㡭
Ų֮ǰǽƳǵĲгʳȫŽ˽ָ֮С
ֻϧЩ߲վбڵģЩѾˣ˵Ļֻӵ
ָ滹жٺö
³̺ٺٵЦţһûʲô⡣
˹һˮǰΪĩĳʦҪչ˺ü˵壬˲ڳԵϷ顣
öǲ࣬һЩõʳģ㣬ôһʲôʲôµ˽ָ档
һ仰Ժų˲佫Ŀ³̵ϡ
㲻ֵܰôõĶȻԼһ˿ó
˵ʲôʲô飬ôֱÿ֮ôЦ
³̸˱Լûٶ˵鼮ȫſںߡ
ʦֵܾóҪȻͱǲˣ
Цķ³ԾǱʾԼû顣
ãȻ㲻ʾͱǲˣ
ų˿˱˴һۣ̫Էʲôˡ
öȻĻ³Ҳ뿴ˡ
Ҿٱ³ָ̽ٶ˵鼮
֤
Ҳ֤
һ仰Ժų˷׷վߣٱҷ³̵Ľָǵ鼮
Ⱥ
³̣˵ô
֪ʱѾ³̵ߣһ˫Цۿ³̱ë
ûûУϱôңҾû˽鼮Ⱥ˶ݺҵġ
³ıʾԼûвٶ˵鿯׵ġ
ģ
ҷģûвκδ鼮ĻԲ⡣
³ĵǵģҲͷ
ѱ飬ôء
ӣǿΪ³Ľɳǣ˭֪ǲǰЩٶ˵Ķص˱ĵط
æ֣ԼֻΪ³̺öѣǵҪϷѡ
ʵϣ˾˵Ŀġ
˵ٻǾ֤³һжô³̶ûоͷ֪ЩĴ൱֮Σա
˿ų磬ų翴˿ԣԽҪ³׳Щ˼벻鼮Ǻúһ
ô֪Ⱥ˵뷨صӵһʯͷϣоҩݵκȺġ
㣬˵ķ֮ʲôѽ
κȺǵŻʲôǷ֮飬йطô
ȣκʹô֮꣬鲻֪ʲô˼ô
֪ǹڷ鼮ôﻹڵʱ׼ҿ顣
κĲ֪֮ʲô˼κʹǶʱ䣬Ķ߹֮顣
κаı飬ⲻ֪ûڽ͡
Ϊ֮飬ӦıǷ֮أ֪мŵıһЩŮ֮£ٶˡ
ŶŶԭ
ᵽŮ£ЦЦķ
ȣųûʲôǷֵľٶɡ
Ƿֵľٶô
£κɫߺߺģǺ͸˵Ĵբзһ˸̲סĵϢһ
ιˣûмһô
û˼Ҿֻ׶ѣûôˡ
ȣ˰ιԽԽˣ
Ľ㣬㡭滵
֪Լ٩κţĸ
һߣ˾ۼһųв֮£³̲òؼĽ˳
صĹΪһﵽҲóء
꣬û֪ҾˣǾ͵Ųμѡ
³ʾСһ㣬Ȿ߼Ǯġ
֮Ȿ飬ҪŪôû
ÿÿ뵽ˣ³̾رĽų
˵ģų岻ʱױٸ߸ߣҲͻױٸ߸ʲôо
ֻǣÿһҪȥʱָܻᷢ⡣
³̣Ϊֹû׹
˼Ŀ³̣ͻôʱ䣬¼ҲͲĸͬ£²ĸ¼δٷ˵ｻ˻Ȼ˵û׹
˵û׹ô
Ҳװʱصĺͻ
ֻǡֻÿһζ״
ϴ˵ɣҪϣ˶Ӿͳִõ
ϴΣ׼ʻҪһϲȴѻ߹֡
ϴΣԼϴΣ

³̳ص̾һͷɥ֡
˵ˣǣֵĴ޵ġ
ֵܣ٣أ
׻˵úãһѰ˷֧ԮֵѣǸҪǡ
ų磬һЩ顣
ųվʾһԽš
ȣԸˣųķֻѧϰã淴Ч߹ۣһ
Ҳų磬װŶ£ϸĽܡ
ԸһҪᣬǶᣬ񣬿ң񣡡
ġ
ĵĲҪҪģ³̶ˡ
үģҪҪ׻
Ҫ
Ϊ׵ɶˣ
ҪᣬҪû֪İһУأԡģ
³̰˫ۣĴҶţһٶʵܲˡ
ҪǻҷǴ̬ɣôô
Ϊһ׶ûɹ
ԸŮк֣ϲ̫ƣ³̸˵Ե
ҵͣԣҪȫ綼İ֮˵ͣɣȫֻʣ»㣡
ȻɱųҲ˽ŮһЩ顣
³̣㣡
ص̾һҩɾˣҲ֪۾ôϹģΪɶͿһǰ̫ˡ

1191 ĵ

1191 ĵ
ô˵أ³ûʲôëСëϣҲֻ۾ϹܿǱ˵Ļ˦³ǧ˰ٴˡ
ˣ㻹һȥɣ
Ӳɽ̣ûʲôڽȥˣ˷ʱ˷Ѿ˷顣
鰡ֵܣǶ츸ĸֵܰ㲻ܷҲܰ
³̽ץסͻױٸ߸ߣ涼ˣ
һѧϰԲѧϰұ֤
ģ
ţ
³˵ĿΪֵܵҸ룬˿ʼıƻ飬Ȼǲܸ߽ǵġ
ԣڼƻһ֮ǧų磬һܵͽҪȻǵŬ͸ˡ
Ϊƻ֮һųʾԲܣϾ³̺ͻᣬһˣǻŮҲУֻһ˵ġ
ģ
ʯڣߵıƻʲôһߵĻҲԼĿա
ҲĽȺų֮ĸ飬Ȼ˶ģ顣֮еľٶ³̡֪ĻΪô
ģȣûʲôҲһЩ
һ仰ڳԹӵĽסˣҲһʱûЦе˼
㣬ô
֣κŻĶͷһҲûз纮ֵ֢״ΪΡ
Ŷ
κȵԭתͷ˿ģ˱˴˻࿴һۡ
㣬ʵֲ֣ͬԸᣬﰡȵȵȵȣ
ǸɵӦô
ЩԸˮñκȣԶԶһҪڻϧŮӡ
СھӪ֮Уһںӳ赶ŪǹɱУжɶ֮һ
񣬻ôܱᣬ³ܲɷֵĹϵ
ǽĵǾ仰ıˣǻǻô³ܽܵô
ȱܽܲܽܣ֮һЩ˵ɡ
Ϊԭ򣬻ˣ³ȴǵãȻʱ˴˲ͬһУǺ³̻͸һĵúܣȴΪůĵġ
ϴ¼Ů˵һĨЦ⸡ڴǣеʱ󣬻Լǰ³ɵӣеʱ־ã³õû֮һ
ΣյʱǸɵӶ˼İΣһ˱ԼİŮ˵ľٶжҲŮһΪ³̵ĻС
ǣȻôģһĸжʱ򣬾;ñŤ쳣
ǲ֪ǰĻȥҪ˭֪ÿÿǰ͸ŴɵӺٺٵЦţ
֪ʲôĻԼе
ȴ³̵ɵˣҪߵ˲ʧĵȻ޴档
Ǹ⣬ģҺĽڣԻġ
κȽԼͽĵϣһûᣬ³̹ͷ˵ֽŮӡ
һǸ
㣬һ·
κȴſʼ֣ƽ洩Ķɫ·ŮϢȱٶжӢ
ԣһЩɫֳ·ͳͳ͵ķɫ
ߣھӪг󣬻泯죬ÿ糿ˮϴ°Ͳݲ¡
ԣһĩβҪıŵϰߣҪϾµױݡ
ʲô⣬Ǻˣ
Ҫᣬ־Ͳ˵ˡ
ľŻôʣⲿ󣬾ƽôҲҪεĵõ
ʲôģүȵȴܲþͲãϾĸŮ໰ڡ
Ư
һɫĳȹٺɻһ㣬Ͼµױݣòɷ
ס˵ʱһҪϸ򲻿ſǻ
ţסˣ
ʱ֮˵˱׼Ѱʯڳ뿪Ѩ
³ҿûпüš
ģȣϱأ
㣿㲻ǰô
˫米վڲԶЦš
³̣߰ɡ
仰ǻɤϸ˵ģ˺Ǻëը
Ե˷׷ȥǰĻħּٰģʱһǡ
ôˣаô
ŽĻôˣΰһʱĹôͱһ˰
ҵǣ³ǲаء
òһҲͰˣΪ˱ᣬıе󣬿³ô
һֶǰһֱҲ֪Уǰûע⣬³̵ͷҲİ͹
³ǰһ󣬺ýһ׷󡣡
ˣǲһ˲һš
ϷɣҾûк鷢
ЦţԵ˵ͷͬ˵Ļ
ĻԼŶ³̾Ļ𻨣ĿԴ
һϮɫȹĻһŰ¹ģ³ǰΪ˵³̴ӻ˫米Ϊ˱ŮԵװ᲻³̡
л¹ӡ
Ӧġ
˵ţ³һ˦˼ϣعͷʱ򻹳һҿʤȯյ
ں濴ϷһĺߣڿʮȷвҲĲᡣ
¹ӣ·ʯĶ࣬һǰҪСġ
Ҳǣһ·ϵʯ໹쳣ķСĸõ㡣
ǰһһ¹һһã㣿
ŪҾѾ˶ˣڿ᲻¶
ܲס³̺ͻĶľ³ֳ̱ţֵ¼ӡ
Ҳ̾һΪɶأˮĴҹ㣬ɻӲıһ˵ľͷ
ڣʯ·ߵ˾ͷһ·ҲûʲôΣգҫ˵ǰʱ˿̵ʯشķɳҲͣ۵һƬĿʯ
ҩүү˵Ƭʯںܾˣʯͷ̲֮ΪõĻҵʯ壬ЩʯȻܹҩüֵߡ
ɾڼ̤ʯشһ˲䣬½µɳӿʼϵУ
ɳ
ôҲû뵽Ǹճʯûþɳ֮Уһа׹ٶȼ죬Ϣʱ㱻ɳᡣ
ȿȡȣ
ȿȡ
ɳ֮еĽľȻɳ䵽һƬڰ֮УȼӿܣſΧһС
ԣ³̣ȿȡų磡
ɳ֮һʱ˿ȴ˽֮ˡ
һһĽ˵֣Ĺֻһ˵Ļ

1192 ɳ

1192 ɳ
Ľ㣬磬㡭
׹ɳ֮µκһĽÿһ˵֣տҲĴֻһ˵Ӱ
Ľ㣬磬
Ļҫ£κվվڹ룬ΧһС
κĻʹ
ԣǺκĻʹ
ʱһ΢Ĺâκǰһĸһ˹
˲Ǳˣκ
ʱκȼԼ۾

ܣǻþһǻþѾȥˣ
ȡ
ǰһ㣬ЦݸУù֣Сʱһظκȵĳ
ô
ů¶ȣκеˮ˳۽ǵ
ЦţǰκӵڻС
ӣ֪úܿ࣬Ҫޣߣȥֻǵ
κȵĶߣôůůκȽ˫ۡ
áǣʶˣ
κȴĻ̧Ӳ۽ǵˮһģһգǵЦ
ȹúܺãгİĽĹϵ³ǵĺǻѾˣǴǰСˡ
˵ţκȽɿ֡
ȣڵΣգߣȥڵǸ簲ȵĻš
Ҫǰ˭֪ȴһǿ
κȥһҡͷ
ܸˣĺܸһμǻҲ֪ˡ
ĳˣǸ۸СӣҲúõչԼ
³һκȱ˫ۣһʱǰʧˣǰڰĹҲ߽֮⡣
һߣԼɳ֮ټĹС
ǰѾȥ
˫ָšüͷ
ֻʲô
ֳûл
һ⣬ھŲ֮ɳ֮У֮Ϳվǰֳ
˵Լ飬һͷı顣
ӦֻɳУϹ֮һ󷨿ٻ֮ˣȥˡ
˵ķʽ֣Ϊ幬һû뵽ھŲɳּ֮ˡ
ˣΪֳѵһ
ôˣҲ֪СĽһЩɳ󷨣ֻҪѭָ̤֮رĻᣬУ㻹ûĽô
Լɳ֮еԭ˵Сӻûн⿪ɱԼĽᡣ
ֳѾˣֻЩΣ
θƨҪ¶ˣΪָ㣬ȱԸѶϣסɴ׽Կɱ
֪ôԼܱܵ仰ݣԺ׵ġ
סؼҵѶǴɣ㲻صޣô
صޣˣ
˵ģҲ֪Լɳ֮нֳٻˣֳʹһ

̾һԹԵϯضĽ̻塣
ظ˵Ļ
ǣؼҵĴ֮ˣϹŵؼзߣԲѶϣ˽ס
ظ˵ÿһ֣ȻϹŵؼзʲôڣΪ˲ֳ߶߶ǹԹԵһֲظһΪá
ֱĵ˵ͷʡȥΣʧ֮ǰû¶ٻڤ˾ߣкܶܶĹҪ
ֳߣ
뿪ˣһε̾һΪ۷ԼֳǰҲбѵķݶ
Ҳǣ֮磬ƼֳҲˡ
κȺԼĽᣬҲˣ
ͬĴͬǰĲǱˣѾɢɽ
ǰɽ֮˼꣬ܵһٻǰ
̫Ƶݣɽ֪ϲǸǡ
ΪҪɱ壬ֻΪô
ô˺ʲôζˡ
ɽ˻֣ʾԼھһ˿˿Ļ꣬ʱضɢΣĻɢô
½뵽˻³
ԵĿһֱעɽ꣬УԿʹ࣬ȴδ֮⡣
뵽ôеʱΪ˸𣬼֪ǰԨҲҪȥ
һĨ˵Цݸڴǣɽԡ
֪ôԭɱ㣬ֻຣҲġ
ˣΪλѡе̫̫ӣ峤Ҳܲ͸ڤ֮Уôʱķ϶пһС
ɱԣѣҲѡ

1193 񴨺

1193  񴨺
ɽ˵Դδ˽飬ԶԣɽĴĳˡ
ɽȴ˵ˣˡ
һ߾߲ԵĻصԶߣܶԲ˽⣬ףԼϱȻɣΪ˾Լ
ңҵĻһ쿪ʼұѾˣǱĩĵӡ
ԵĻɽƬ̣漴һĨҰ׵Цݸɽϡ
ԿˣȻɽпһ˼Ĺâ
ܺãǵ˵Ļ
Ż£ɽʧǰʱ˿̵ĴҲֻʣԼ
һߣ³̣ųҲɳ󷨵Ļþ֮УٻѾȥꡣ
ҵǣ˶ûбԼִסǴеõ˽ѡ
˸˵ʶһɲǣǰﻹʲô¹ֻһƬ۵ĺɫʯԼصɳ
զ£ҸղŲڵ¹¼ô
³һĿΧһУվڵλǸմӵʯ߳ʱ򣬼˹ˣ
ҲµûĻʯһ»õĶҷ֮䴥ɳ󷨣Ż˿һĻĻ
漴뵽֮Ŀԡ
ŲԼڳÿһ˶ɳ֮УټһЩأӦöѾȥˡ
Ľͣ³̵˵ͷЩˡ
ֲأСʱүүѾˣϴμһμүү
¼үʲô⣬˲ò¶غ¼ҵܲɷֵĹϵ
ŵͼķλͼϲδעһʯȴдһЩɳ󷨵顣
Ҳһ㣬һɳ󷨵ĵطнᾧĴڣ˵ǰ˸СĽǱߣΪľǲɳ֮УߣҲѰҽᾧ
ǿǸĶǲǽᾧ
ʱ۹֮£һҫ۵Ĺâ˸ǰ³ָŲԶʯĶһǾˡ
˵ţ³̱ǰȥҪʯ¾壬˭֪һʯǾ徹ȻԼ˹
ҵ찡
ʲô壬һֻ;޴ЫӺô
Ͻܰ
ԴӽŲ֮ÿһһ붼¶Σеİ˸ѾϰķǣŴɳ淭ӿԽԽĶЫӣ׷ҸϵһĻݡ
ѾǵòˣҪǱ
˳ȺӵĶЫ֮⣬糱ˮһʳʬ档
컹æˣڶЫӺʳʬʱսһŸ˽һʱ䡣
ʲôϽܰ
ʳʬѾѶԸˣֶһȺЫӣ˫ִյ룬ǵ³һΪһ߾߰׹ǡ
һ·µʯشĵضΣߵ£ͬ˽ʯشһÿٲľһʯ
ˣʲôȵȫ֮˵ɣ
ʯش񴨺ӣֻе񴨺Ӳİ˶ЫӺʳʬ׷
ԽŨţսһĶЫӺʳʬѾֳʳʬ潫ЫӲʳĸɸɾ󣬱㽫ĿתƵ˽һа˵ϡ
ܰϽϴ
ۿʳʬ漴׷һϴ³һԾЩʳʬҲŷ
Բۣô͸ʳʬҲɣ
ʳʬǵصĳѾӦԵ׼
ֵǣʳʬ񴨺Ӻʱʧȥ˳һһ׹񴨺֮У˷ʳʬʬ徹ȻˮջҽƮɢںϡ
ô¶
㿴ҿ㣬κȶһ񴨺Ӻˮ
ˮ⣡
Ҳ֪ˮ⣬ʲô⣬Ϊʲôʳʬɵ񴨺Ӻϵʱȼ֡
һŰ˸ˣʻ񴨺ϡ
񴨺ӵĺˮһ㣬ֻϧǾŲ֮µΣա
յڴϣĿޱ޼ʵɫ̾һ
Ҳ֪òܵͷУϣʲô顣
ϣˣ
ӽָһЩɣָˡ
ҲֻҴպš
Ӱ쵽ҹŽһ˵С񴨺ϻʻţ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱ򵽴԰
ôģҪҸ߸һ񣿡
³⽨飬ҲȤɤΡ
ҪǸҿڳ裬һὫȥ
۶Ǳӵ飬ֻҪ³̸ҿڳ裬һ硣

1194 Ҷ

1194  Ҷ
񴨺ӣһƬɫһ㻷ھŲ֮С
û֪񴨺ôγɵģֻ֪ھŲڵʱ֮ӾѾˡ
ң񴨺ӺˮͬѰĺˮа̤֮Ƭˮ֮УᱻճΪҽʧ֮С
ӽŲʼΣձ鲼񣬴ϵİ˸ڴǰУƬ̵ĺϣЩЩġ
ԣģѾһյʱˣȥȴûе԰Ų֮ţǣϵ۷·Ѿǧ֮á
˵ʲôʱܵ԰
ЩĿһޱ߼ʵ񴨺ӣǻˡ
ⶼѾһʱˣСȻǰУȴоһʱ֮ʱԭֹ̤ǰһ
񴨺ûз磬ΨСԼ˳ˮȥ档
ص㣬صǡϳΪҪ֮С
ڴʱԭƽĺ澹Ȼһ磬͸һ˿˿Ϣŷ粻ϵǿң񴨺ӵĺˮܲϵķӿţۿź밺γһУСеڳѸٵķɱȥ
ץˣ֣
ͻȻֵһĻ˴ֲֻܽץסСԼ䵽񴨺֮С
ԽĿУױԽǿңС֮лƵٶҲԽǿ
ųһֽץסСһֱκȣö׹񴨺֮С
ڴʱָ񴨺ĳֵǸʯš
ǿ
֮еʯѾȽĵʲôٶ㿴ʯ޿һ㽫СԼ˸ȫɴ
һ˲䣬ڰǰ
ԲۣϿ𣡡
ȣץסң
ϱϱ𶯣㣡
ץأַŪ㣡
ȵҵͷˣ
ڰУһƬңֱȼ˻ӣſĵط
ʯ֮Сһ޴ʯͷϣ֮⣬Χǿ׵Ԩ
𶯰ͱڵƣ𶯣
ʾ˶һС˸һʯֻҪҶһӣͻƻƽԣҲȥ
ôʲôط
³ŭһҲΪԼľٶǣ߸ˡ
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ʾûһ¶棬ղԼԼ֮䣬񿴵ʲô
ʯһ
ڻҫ֮£˶ʯԼʯǣŵһ˩С֮µľʯϡ
Ҳǲ˵顣
˵ǣǿԽҵʯУеǣϸһֻһǰУ˭֪˶õʱ䡣
˵ˣǰ˸˵κһ˾΢һƻƽԣС˲б
ȹȥ㳯һߣ
ͽķֱڴߣҪǰʯҪŽƶԼϵ˼ƽ⡣
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֪ôᾭڵһĻѾˣżûãẦˡ
ĺһм俿£СҲΪ˵ľٶҵҡţмһ˲䣬һԾʯ;ʯϡ
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ģҪˡ
ŽĽ²̤ʼѣҪ쵽ʯ
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㣡
任ŮģľһԾ˾ʯ·һʵʵĴһ˳˹˰ȫʯ
ʵһʼҲڴþʯǣ˭ܱ֤ʯһʲô߰;᲻ᷢʲô顣
һʱ䶼񴨺Ư³̸оԼѾмʱûо̤ʵصĸоˡ
˶ݵϢ֮˳ʯһֱǰߡ
ȻγɵʯҩʯЩʯͷҩҩüֵҲʮġ
һ·κȶڼʯͷųҲκȽҩʯ𣬷ڱ֮бԼϡ
ʯߵ˾ͷʯǰһʯţʯϻŷ䣬ֻ˼Ҳס
ɶ˼
֪
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ǣȷһ㣬ʮйϵȣȣ
ԽȣȿһЩͰûϵ˭֪κȺų˻Ƕڵϼʯͷ
Ըô
ԽԼΪɼҩʯϵЦжôˡ
Ľ㣬Ը磬ôˣ
䣬Ϥô
ȳԡҩݵ飬Ѿϰˣ¡
κǰʯϿ̻ŵķ䣬Դ˼Ƭ̣һӣ֡
һһѰŷĺۼȥǣʯ̻ķ䱻ʱʯžȻˡ
ĺ濴ķ䡣
κȲŻöһ£û뵽ĳɹˡ


κЦţ˽ʯ֮
ĺǱ˴˶һֱۣǣʯ֮Ķһ򵥣ϵ
ȻһзĿɾ̫ɺˡ
ʯ֮һʯʯȷʵʮֺֻ룬ͬһ㡣
֮⣬ʯ֮лָϡ䱦ҩݣκ˷ܵıǹˮʯ̨ϵһ
⡭⾹ȻǴ˵еûп
ſˮʯ̨棬κȿһɢŵӫһ˫ɢĹâ쳣ҫۡ
˵е
ɶ⣿
ҽҩݵȻ֪ԣ³̲ѧҽô֪ʲô
ô˵ɣ֮ĴٸݻҪ֣
ѾļֵκһǰǽӽԽħƵġ
ȣ
ų緢κȵ쳣ҪκȵʱȴһǿĽ粻֪ʱˣۼȱҪ̤ˮ̨
ȣ
𶯣ģ
סų磬ųὪĵĻȫ䲻׷׼ͻƽǰȥħϵκȡ
֮⣬ѾʲôûˣƴҲκεΣա
ųȥǿĽȴĽų⣬ǣΪκȣǽʲô
׷ǿųþȫҪƳ磬ҲΪķųЩԼ
侲һЩֻܺȣ
ŭų磬ų絣ȵ飬Ҳͬǡ
ǣһˮһĽ罫˸⣬֮ǰţټʯϿ̻ŵķ䣬һйϵġ

1195 Ϲˮ

1195 Ϲˮ
侲侲
ųȭͷԼΪǿͻƽ硣
ų磬֪ĵǣҸܲΧκΣյϢҿ
ʾų粻ҪäĿǰУ˵һûвʯκΣյϢڡ
⣬ЩˮһĽȻ˼ǰеĲȴûκ˺ͼ
ˣҸܵһϤϢ
֪ʱڽߵľգһ˫۾ںڵתתȥսĿʯŵһϡ
ŶŶˣ㿴
任ŮģľָʯеĵѰžָķȥһʯĵ񾲾վ
˭
³һ⣬ʱǾͿʯ񣬲
Բۣʯղһɣôת˹
ŵĵһ³ֿһʯȷϷڽʯʱʯʯŵģȴתһԼˡ
Ϲˮ񣿿ź񡭡ϢҲϹˮʮƣ
ֻϢϤǲϹˮϢЩȷˡ
ϾϹŵ飬ӡ˲֪õʱ䣬ƫҲġ
ˣȻҲȷϢǲϹˮģҿȷһ㡣
ڽ˵ЩûκΣ֮ԻᷢһĻȻġ
ų磬˰ɣȲ¶ģ
ųû˵ֻҪȲ㲻ᰲġ
תͷˮʯ̨һȣųĵ֮Ĳδ¡
ʱһһʧĵڽ֮ػκȣʱһâȻըѿ漴ʯڡ
þһ㣬һɶ߸ǰ
ǰɽˮ续ɫȻԴһվ·𻭾һ㡣
Ǹô
֮Уһ³ȹŮˮرߣһ˫ˮĻꡣ
ȡ
ȻȳżΪƵһɷ³ȹŮȴһµĳš
ʱŮƺʲôתͷȥ
ˮˣˣǸˡ
ŮŻŵ˹ˮŮüͷһˮˡ
ˮһղ
һˮǰе˵ȣ޲ýӵ뻳ڽ
ô㡣
Ϊβҡ
Цţˮе֮飬֮һӣһѤɯ黪ˮǰ
ȥڤ֮ʱɯ黪ϲ
Ǹһ£
ˮĿһˣҪ뿪˭֪ȴǰһץסˮ
֪ʲôӦ֪޳ֻһϰֻ࣬бһ𣡡
󰮲ɷץסˮʱųһվ
ЩӦϹˮļ䣬嶯˵ǸŮϹˮ񣬲ȣ
³̽ץסų磬Ų⹷
úʵֲôǰһֻǻѣ嶯ʲô
˵ˣϹˮȻȳһһվȣ⹷пӰɣ
ôһѣųŷԼڳ嶯ˡ
еĹ¼ݣˮһ֮˦ȥ
ǽ˫ȭƱҪǷɱԾ󻼡
һתˮ͵͵ܳˮ뿪˷䣬˽š
˵ʱˮ˫֮г֮⡣
˽ڿˮ֮ʱˣమ˱˴ӵһ
һбҸĽ֣˽ȻŵţҪгˮһǶôļѣɼ谭Ҳ޷ֹమ֮ġ
ڣǧѣ˽ӭ˶ɽٳһ̡
ֻҪ˾׽٣ԳΪһǿĴڣˮԶԶһ𣬲
ǣ˽ھ׽ٵǿȴ˰㣬ˮʱֱס˵Ԫ˽ӵĽֻ
ΪִԲһϣ磬վµ񡣡
θɡ
ˮĿӡ
ΪȴħҪ࣬ҶҪ֪Ϊ
ΣлǸϵһ˿ֻ꣬ҪԸ޸ңұ黹һ˿꣬Ľġ
Ϊܵõˮ˽ӵвˮͷ
ˮΪԼİתֻأֻܴӦ޸
ɾڻ֮գˮ͵͵ȡİ֮˵꣬ʧ֮䣬˭Ҳ֪ˮȥ˺εء
ֱһǧϹħսˮһγǰħս֮ѳ
ʵһǧʱ棬ˮһֱ޸İ֮˵ꡣ
˶ɽٳҪ׽٣˵ĸţɽʧܣɢ
Ϊİ֮˵һֻ̤֮ˮķǧƴճֻ꣬ء
棬˾ͽˣ˵Ŀⶼųϡ
ǲµûеǸӾų磬ϹˮҲκȡ
ֵܣû뵽ǰûͦİ
Ϊˣ޳񱾾Ͳףȴڶɽٵʱҷ𣬺Ϲˮǧʱ䶫ƴսۼڵų硣
Ҳѹ֣ųڿκȵʱ򣬾ǹƤҩһ˦˦ԪˣԭǮʱܲɷֵĹϵˡ
û뵽Ϲˮת
һĻĻϹŵļ䣬ҲһЩϵԼνϹħս
ȫɢ֮ʱɫ֮л߳һŮ
Ůһɫĳȹһ˫̲ųϣˮŰ
ˣϹˮ
һһһߵųǰɫ̳֮УϹˮϱŷʥϢ˲¡
㣬վֻء
ϹˮЦţЦô͡
ֻܿأʲô֪ˡ
Ϲˮų粻֪˵ʲôֻôؿš
ӦңúõչԼúõչ
лл
֮һллųĿ¶
һллǰ֡
ǲϹˮķǧؾۣҲнյ
֮䣬л
Ϲˮǰһظųգֻ˫ȴų塣
Ϲˮ˼ʶۿֻسΪˣһж֪ˡ
أϹˮʧǰϹˮʧ˵һҲɢ
ʱκһ˴Ӹ̨׹
ȣ
ųסκȣĽ䱧ڻС
ԵκȸоһϢ֫ٺϵ棬ܵѪҺ֮С
ҲһصڶߣʲôΨһܸоıϤܾúܾþõܾûмĹһطһ
һ˯һʱ䡣
κ֮Ѿǵڶˡ
ȣˣ
ңôˣ
κȲĿеĵǣôˣ
ȵȡ
ʲô棬κȱ۾ŴԺеİ䣬һԼϵ顣

1196 ô

1196 ô
û¶ɣ
Ӧû¶ˣһж
κȵĶͷ˵һЩ֮⡣
ȣ㻹ʶô
ȣǼ
ָͷһʱ޷ͻе飬ӳʲô⡣
ǻвѵ֪ϹˮתųϹ֮еӣˮమӡ
ֻųڶɽٵʱ⵽˼˵ݺɢϹˮľǧѰÿһ佫ҵֻء
ħ֮ս֮УϹˮֻأѡ˵ŻнֵһĻĻ
ϹʱȾͺųʶˣһ֮ԨԴ
Ľ㣬ôˣ
κһĨЦ⸡ڴǣ֤Լû⣬ֻһԼ̫ļЩС˶ѡ
û¶ͺãû¾ͺã
ԭȣǷ
ȣ
ȻԵ֮ʱųһֱػߡ
磡
ųȣȽų磬ǰ飬ڿеϢһȺ˶ĵĲҪҪġ
ģȥ뿪
ĵȥռദ
ڻᷢʲô鼸ҲˣϾǲ뱻
˵һȴ㲻ע飬ҲȵĻԵ
ܸо֮Щһˣﲻһ˵
Ĳκȵı仯֮֮ǰ֮Ϣϸ΢ı仯ֱ仯ͺǡͺǡ
һʱҲʵκȵı仯ģҪѰһĵĴ𰸡
ǲ˵ڼ̳ϹˮļͬʱҲ̳һЩñѪ֮дУ
ԣָо
ڲκȱ仯һĵطǱѪ֮еĴоѡ
³̣ų磬˶ѾѪ֮еĴĸܵκȵı仯
˵ȴе
Ļǵκ˵ڴ飬ȻͬͬԴʹõȴ岻һһжһǴϹˮ
񣬽Ų񴨺ӣһ֮жڤڤע˵飬ҪκԼĻԵѪ֮еĴС
ʱ֮ųκǰ
ûʲôˣǼнɡ
ҪҪϢһ£
ĻǵģϾٿ֮ʱʲôףȵѪȻ˳˳ˮ޲˭֪᲻ʲôá
û¶Ľ㡣
аɣ߰ɡ
ʯһĹ·һǽʱ·Ҳ֪ٴԭ·ء
һ·ʯҲ࣬ʯ֮Ѱʯһֱȥߵʯͷʱ˷һ顣
ǶʳʬǸˮ̶ô
ǰء
һΪ˶ʳʬˮ̶ֵ֮ʯû뵽ʯһ˾Ȼӵط
ɣ൱һȦֻ֮صʯش
Цأ
ⲻô
ȥɣҲֻˡ
Ҫ뿪ʯΨһķˮ̶صʯشȻС񴨺ӡ
Ϊ뿪ʯĳ·Ѿɳˣԣֻдˮ̶뿪
ǣм⸡ڽǰ
һǲʳʬԡ
ڶ񴨺ϻ᲻ۡ
ǣǲ뿪ʯĻһֻܱ
ѡֻʮʱ䣬Ѿ˷˼գԲȥ̫ˡ
ͨһĵһˮ̶ţ³̵Ҳȥ
Ϥ·Ƴˮεߵʱ򣬳ڰǰƬɫɰҡ
ֻصطϣʳʬ档
ܱܲѻ졣
׻˵úãԽʲôԽʲô³̸ոֹ棬˵˷Ĵ
ҡ֪Щô߶
³Ҳ֪Լһ˵ʳʬͳȺӵķ˹
㣬ҡ
κʾ˲õģһǲþʳʬЩ޴ĶЫӣΪ
ʳʬǵصķɹʱκȼǰ˫ֽӡڰγһķ䣬Щʳʬһ˲䣬񴨺ӵĺˮһջ˻ҽ
ȣˮô
ţĸԴ֮ˮȥһаħֻڵΪǿ󣬲ܽ硣
κջ֣ȻΪʩչǿʹΪĵʮѸͣųǰκȺ㱧ڻУۡ
İɳ磬û¶
׼һˡ
ڻеκȽߵĵ˵ͷųĻ˯˹ȥ
Բۣ
һߣ³ֽкãһԲ۵ȵȵĻϤĲںӡ
³ҲԼʧ̬Żָ˶ׯŵĹϢ
κ̳Ϲˮ֮ȴͬС
һʮֲеôգ³תǲ֪ƾձȳſΪڵ⡣
սңĪҪɹˣСΪΡ
ò˶뵽Ľ֣һݺݸ³һƣ֮һˤһϵе³̲ܷ
˭֪ǵûеȥߵĵͷ
л¹ӣǾˣ
˵ţС鲽ǰ³̸Ϊڵ۹⡣
һĻĿɿڴʮ㡣
ðΣ˵һ仰
ˡأ
λ֮һ֮˻ָû뵽ô䱾ˡ
¡
ô
ǵĿһ۽ģҡҡͷָѾԶ˵³̻ˡ
Ǳĵġ
ɶ취ԼԼҲҪȥ
ʼ磬Ŀǰ³̵ģΪľ³̵Ҹ
ͬı仯Ҳһйϵֻǲ˼˵ĸܰ
񴨺ӱߣ񴨺۵ӰӣгֵʱСѾھʯ֮ϡ
˵ûĻвУ
ⲻǷϻôҪĻ
İ³һ³ָķ򿴹ȥ񴨺ϣɫɢ֮һɫųǰ񴨺ӵϱ
ι̵ĸʲôң
ô
³̵Ӿ֪ۣҲ˵˿ʵڵġ
ǰôûпţ
ţ񴨺ӱ˰ԽԽ벻ף֮ǰûŵĴڣôͳš
֪˵˶԰û⡣
˵ˣǶֵഺ껪ۻ軨˰ɡ
Ψһŷɱźʯйأֻȼ̳ϹˮŲŻ֡
šҲֻôˡ

1197 ɾ

1197 ɾ
ƽµĶȹ񴨺ӣ¿ʼ½ÿһܸоԽĺ䡣
ͼҩүүע·Լ档
ĵطǾԲ̤ġ
Ϊ۵Ľģܱɴ̹ǵĺ䶮ɪɪ
ڱѩ֮ʣһ˸ɽȡů
䣬Ҿʹûô
³ݶ˵ĹҲ˲˪
ǰôô䡣
յ˵˵ΪѾܹЧĵֵϺɽŲ֮󣬸κá
ϵ·ֳǰ˲䣬Ÿоһ˿˿ů

ҲҲ֪ҩүүҩүүֻдһ仰
İѵͼ̯ڶȹʯش񴨺֮һƬѩҩүүע˺ĵض֮⣬ֻдһ仰ҪʱرѲ˯
Щůůӡ
õĽ͵ÿһУҡҡͷ
ȡ
УȻὪʱҲҪȥ
ô᲻֪Ĳϲζʱ˿̣Чõĵˡ
ԣڽһЩζ̫Ũҡ
ѽڽУһҪȥ
Σ̾һֻűӰѽȥ
Ȼζʮֲˬɺ½֮θȷȷʵʵů˲٣Ҳůࡣ
ѩ֮ͨǾͿԵԨ֮ˡ
յͼָѩΪĵλãȵѩ֮һ˱·ǰ뿪ѩ
һҪע⣬򲻿˯
ϵĴɽڴȻյʢصӺ
䣬ô䣡
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ңΪһ磬Ҳ޷ֹ֣֮⺮һ͹ͷ֮С
Ļɪɪ֮ʣһЦڶߡ
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Ůӵʱ򣬽װΪζɹԭˣЩѩɽ鵷Ĺ
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֡
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ѩͣΪǸǰ֮󣬱Ҳֻףǰ·ˡ
ѩɽ֮б鲼ΣգУȻٺòˡ
Ů˵ͽİ˰ȫ߹ѩɽڵ֮ǰ˻ĵӵˡ
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ѵڡ
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ڽĵʧ֮ʱԭʧŮ뾫ŮֳӰŮӵĿ⿴ŽĵıӰɫüš
㣬Ϊʲôɵ뿪ѩӦǺúõĥһô
ŮΪʲôôǰǾ;ûлûεʱǳ˵飬ÿÿŲſͻкܶܶ˽֮ء
ʱͻῴָߣߵģģֵģݵģĳõģĳĵȵȵȵȣ
һΣΪǶɽһԻЩ뿪ѩأ
ŮŮΪΡ
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ѩһɣ㳤֮ҲһҪס򲻿ɲ֮С
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ϰ߾ͺãȵʲôʱ˸ߵľ磬ͽָ֮ͨ󣬲Ч
һʼҲʣ׸ָǲǻˡ
ף뽫ָ磬ֻиߵԼΪ

1198 壬ɵ

1198  壬ɵ
󣬹˼壬鲼׵
洦ɼ׵粻ϵĴ£һܼ
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СһЩͷϵ׵磬µҲˡ
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֮ǰҪΪĻ⣬һ˵֮УлӻߣҲѰҪøһЩҲ͸ʩȡ
˵ʵԽԽĽɵǣշС
磬ֻдﵽ߲֮շУҪȻٸߵΪҲ޷ȥ

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һһκȣԣ³̺ų߸ˣصļϹ֣ԢȻö˵
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УСѾͷڽȺѵʱõĴɾܴڼһЩõļܰˡ
龫Ƶ͸ɵͷˣ

1200 ֶŮ

1200  ֶŮ
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ǣ˸˵ܵв֮ʣиɵ弰ʱȣѡ
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1201 Ϲ

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ɽīôһ˵ĵѩƺҪ顣
Ϲ޺ų޽ԼΪϹʥ޵ޱȻͬ⣬Ϊ֮ųҲҪһʹࡣ
κ˫ֽһ𣬽§κȵļο
ңŸɵųԲ¶
ʵ֤仰˵û
ȻϹޣԼĽǾԲС΢޽Լǣǰûѩƺ¡
ѩƺĿ˼£Ŀޣﻺڣѡ
ѡҪôų޽ԼΪԼʥޣҸ׷
ɶϡСĺ޽Լ𰡡СĿֻ࣬Ҳ֪һǺ޽Լᱻҡ

1202 

1202 
˵ģһ㶼ų޽Լ
ʥޣϹޣħҲ޸ޡ
ȻЩϰ߽ǹΪħΪޣеҲΪޣ֮ʥޣǿޱȣҲʮֵĴޱȡ
Ϊʥޣһ޽ԼҪҡ
ԣʥ޵Ľ׼ˣΪǣҲ˵һ
Ϲʱһˣħս֮ˣҲЩ
Ϊһ˿ԵԹָУҲнյ
ҲΪˣķ˼Ǹʱָ˵
ˣοһҪ޽ԼĶһˡ
вˣҲһ˵޽ԼݲݽԼ
޺ò뿪ԪķӡΪľǰ֮䣬ʵĿ
Ҳ֪꣬С治Լһҽࡣ
⣬޲Ըų޽ԼһҪԭ
̵ָ̺̣ܶܶһӱɢֻ֮С
Ϊʥ޵һ޽Լһ౾Ҳܵش
ޱԼÿһֳڵʱ򣬱оеĺԽݶ
µĺɫâڲϵܰΧܸоռϢ
Ǿ˵˱˵ĵڶѡ񡣡
ɶɶ⡭˵˵ôССĸû˵ʲô
޶ˣûѩƺ˵ʲôôһʹɱ
ڶѡܾᵱɱ㣬Ĺͷװα
˵䣬ѩƺ˫ֽӡСľ֮мɫĹâȫΧۿžҪɵøɸɾ
ǺɫĵĹâȫΧĻ޾ͻᱻɣһѭĿռ֮У
ȵȣУһѡⶼûѡֱӾ֣Сһʱʱòã⻹ĶԲԣ
֮鶯֮ҪԼһЩʱ飬תҲһ
һʱ䣬ҪһʱһۣǳΪųԼʥް׷ǳΪ֮еĳ
ѡûе·
ҪôҪôô򵥡
ѩƺһʱ䣬Ҫһʱѡ
ҵ찡ɵô˧ô÷㽫Ϲķģ
³۾۶Ľı飬³̣еˡ
̤񾳵ʵôǿǰϹҲֻи׳Ƴķݶˡ
񾳵ʵ˿ֲǵ֮󣬻᲻Ҳ͸ɵһ
˻ŵȵΪߵһ죬Ҳ˰һУԷϹʥޡ
³̵仰ýīЦһִֻ³̵ϣһָָں̸еѩƺ
ʵ˵̸и׼ȷ˵һûѡҪôҪôô򵥡
˵ΪޣϹʥޣȻҪһԼʥޣ˵ȷȷʵʵЩ
˭ý޾ɸˣѩƺѩƺԲѴ֮ĽƷ
СӣҪ֪죬⾳֮⻹о硣
Цţ³̵ˣ̤֮粻Ǹոտʼѣ˵һȫµ磬ɶ˵ȴִһ
īҲ˶ʲôִ塣
Ȼ˵֮˵ռĿ꣬Ϊҽīֶӣǵ۹ҪųԶ֮֮ʱǵһ㣬ҪĿֹͣ񾳵Ϊ
ī˵Ϊǻкóó·Ҫߣ˵ΪոǴ˾ڣҪ̤񾳣ٻҪһɡ
ʱһʱѾˣ˵һѩƺ֣ǿѹɽһܵв촦һ˲䣬ѡ
ѡһ
֮䣬޻Ǿȥ
ʲôֻлȥܳԵóԵģܿľѰҵǸˡ
ѡ˳ΪųԼޣΪϹʥޣҪΪԼȡ
СĿԳΪԼʥޣСҲһֻҪӦСĲκ塣
˵
ʲôҪ֪
̫ѵĻųô
СʮּѣֻҪӦˣС˵㻰ΪԼʥޡ
£޼ѵĿų磬һ˫ɫӰţſ˵Լ
һÿͣÿٷҪԡ
ڶҪһϱȻΪӵˣҪϱ
ҪΡ
޻µʱһǽСôأֻ˵Ŀ̡
ɽ
ųӦ޵ÿٷͲԣѣϾǱĩǵ͵ĳԻûȥ
ڶϱͺãż
ˬ죬ӱ޽Լ
еĹâѩƺѹֻ޻ߵųǰǰϥͷϵĽǴڵơ
ǻųƵһ˲䣬ѪҺ˳޵Ĵ뵽棬ͬʱųҲоһ޷ݵǿ֫ٺ֮С
磡
κȵǵǰīֹκȵľٶ
ų޽ԼĹؼʱ̣ǰš
ųȫ׵鲼ɫĹâ쳣ǿ󣬸޽Լʱ򣬸ǿľݣ֮б鲼׵ƺڻʲôһľΧ¡
ԲۣܿһĻ޺ˣ
˵ʲôɵء
һ³̣³ôʲҲеľ̾
³̻ľ֮еŴ͡
ų޵޽Լʱǿ׵鲼֮䣬ǽī罫˻ڽ֮Уͱ׵У⽹ˡ
һʱ䣬âɢ֮ųϵ׵˲ʧͬʱеĹâҲʧ
һһʱ仹ܳ޵ų˹ȥκæǰų磬һѾΪԼ޵Ŀų磬ε̾һ
С
ô죬ԼѾ޽ɹˣҲֻк뷨ųǿ
ôҲû뵽ǣСӾȻ壬ʮǺϣңСӵ֮һָΪǿЩϤһʱ벻ʲôط
ųˣʣµľֻлˡ
ĴҲֻѩƺֻܰͻ۷ƿȴܿѪ֮еĴ

1203 ͵ʴ

1203 ͵ʴ
ǿûӦǴϹŻʦ
ϹŻʦ
ǵһϹŻʦĸ֣Ȼ֪ʲô⣬һǺţƵĴڡ
ţϹŻʦְҵϡУʲôʱΪϹŻʦһͷųһΧһʧĵȻ޴棬Ϊ˾гݵϹŻʦںܾúܾǰͱˡ
Ǽ˻ѩƺҲŻۿĻʦȻ˵ֻһ˾һûпѪеĻʦ
һС￪ѪĴǸովѵ֣Ҳ˼ɵ
ɵ㶼ƷޣΪβܿѪУ
Щ⣬ĩÿһ˶ԼĴУҿ˴е˻֮⡣
ȻʲôҲû˵ɵɵ˵޷ʱеʧȴʵʵĴڡ
һΪų綼׵ԣԲʲôų⣬ϹŻʦһ屾ΪѪҺ֮ǿӡߡ
ѩƺ˽Լ仰ɡ
ûа취ѪǲܣԿ
ԭܼ򵥣ʦһǿĴڣԻڵΪܳѪ֮ʱĵ
һ仰˵ǿпĽֻһǱ
ģӦöãӡΪ޷ΪΪûгƷӡıݡ
ɵ˼ǲֻҪе񾳣ԿѪŵ
ô˵Ҳϣܱʲôûеĺá
ǣҲǡ
ѩƺҡҡͷһۻ
ʦһǿǱ˿־Ĵڣһ˻ʦĴУᱻ׷ɱ
ѩƺбҪ˵׹ڻ顣
ϹŻʦһ֮鼮صĵεΣѩƺ뽪ĵ˵˸ϸϸ
ϹŻʦһΪλħս֮б壬ħɵʦʦһ屻Ҳ벻κθϵ
Ϲ֮սһš
Ҳ˵֮Բѹħڵ壬Уɱ֮
ͬһС˻ʦѪУֻҪʹһΣᾪħȵȡ
ʱ򣬾˸Ҳ޷ȫһˡ
ģ׸ɵ˼
ס
˽ѩƺĵǣ֮Բʦ»֪ܲķУҲǵЩ֮˶Իɱ֣ǣĩࡣ
Ǿ仰ֻǿ񾳣֮֮ϣ㹻Աʱ򣬲ſԿʦ
Ȼɵܰ㿪ʦ
ô˵һɵҲܰ׽УΪȻҪͻһݴǡ
˵䣬ѩƻһӣһɫĹâע˻罣֮ϡ
ʱ罣ȻϵĲţʲôҪӽк֮һ㡣
ɵǡ
ܵ罣ǿɽһ㣬罣ϾȻֵ̻ͼ
ʲô
䲻֪ǰ׹ʲô޷ӽȫÿһëס
⣬ʲô
ѩƺӵôõʱ㶼ң滹ûֵܣ
ûС
īһ仰˵꣬ͱѩƺɾľܾˡ
㣬ˣ
īһĿŻɢŹâ罣һӣе׽˻
ֶŮô׸㣬ѽ¡
ꣿС˵ôǽô
Ϊ꣬ɵĽɵԪǵ׵˵ɵ߱麮֮ѰҵѾʶĽ꣬Ϊá
꣬ʲô
⣬ȴæʾϽ罣򲻿Сߡ
ô˵ɣƽ֪ɣƽѾԪ⽣ͳƽԪͬȴƽΪǿͶˣ
ĺٺٵЦţ
ǸɶϽллɵ͵Ľ꣬ҲҪллС͵ףɶǼƷıء
û˵İѾͲҪСˡ
ī˰֣ͽ͵ʴףûдӻֶŮƭ֮꣬׸ȥˡ
ֶŮ׾Сǹˮ֮⻹кܶĺôԺĥǡ
̾һīſڽĵļϣģҪôĿжôĿ
ȻûпʦĴõ˽罣Ѿܱȵټ֣һҲȴ϶١
ڽīѩƺİ¶Ѿͻ۵Ϊ
ĸǴ۵Ϊ֮С
ĸ磬ʮ𣬾ʮϡģο߸ʮ߰ۡ
ģҪȻǸ߰ѣ͵Ԫ磬ôҲҪһЩο
īЩû˵ڣǴӷĿҲ֪ԤԵ顣
ɵôĿԼıΪԤԵĽѡ
壬ɵ֪ǵңҲ֪ǲˣǼȻ磬һֻԵô
ĶףɵǵǸΪԤеŮᱻ𣬵ԤԵĺֻ٤ɽ֪
˵һȻ磬һֻԵο粻һˣбĩÿһˣҩүүǣ
ˣ
ǾŲ֮У͸ɵҲˣһ顣
ɵ壬ǿзħ߻عΪˣ
ûӣҪȻҲѡħ޳·
ī˻ֱʾûκηħ޵˻ع;һħޣֻ̤ħһ·ûκηӡ
ǳڶħҲԴħħѾ̤ħޣǱ޻֮ˡ
ѩƺ߽ģħδĻ˻һѾʶǱħҲȲˡ
Ȼ˵޷߻ع;ҲԺһѡħֻҪħ޻绹ʬء
ܾǰī˵ҲǷǺڼףħޱаڡ
Ǿ֮Ϳ˺ܶ顣
ʲôʲôаħǶԶµаѡ
ֻҪʲôһ̤뾳ĵ·
ħôˣħ޲ɱôˣж֮ΪɱԽϳ˱ȶħҪ޳ܵĹ
˵ʲô鶼ʣܵһۡ
ôͻȻˣ
һѣħΪ׳δܲһ̤֮֮¡
񣬽ۣŵĺ걳żʹħ˵һ޷Ĳ̡
ǻزˣ˵ͽܰ

1204 ĿŬ

1204 ĿŬ
ѩƺ˵Ǹո̤ħߣһ˿ϣ˵ħ
Ѿ̤ħ֮УȫȫħȾĻǾǴҲ޲ˡ
Ŷ
ŶһĳĬƬ̡
˵ȴһ鳾䶨֮޷ħޣ͸ɵ˵һõѩƺħ޳ķš
ƺ
ʱīüһ壬ƺ֪ʲôе쳣ء
ѩƺˣ֮еĺ˲ռۡ
壬ɵʲô¶ˣ
˿ԪϹŷӡҸոսܵϢӡеа鶼˳
ô¶Ԫôǳ飬ϹŷӡһһıƻӡߵϹа׷Ƴӡ˳
ǸС˵仰ô
޾צӣʾԼҪ
˵
ǸʲôСĴӷӡӳԭģһ˳ԪķӡУӡƻСĲŻ뿪
˵Լ֮뿪ԪϹŷӡΪһ˳Ԫķӡ֮ڣһӱ㽫ӡķƻŻ
ûĻǺӦͷų˺ܶ౻ӡɫ
ɿ˵ĳࡣ
ûֻǺȫ¶ħΧţħʮִϹħˡ
Ϲħ壿
ī˫ۣǸֳ˼ֺ⡣
˵б¿ԪϹŷӡħ壬Ӧûбˡ
š
ѩƺͷ֤ʵ˽īĲ롣
ʮħ֮еǶˣӦò̤Ԫ罫ӡ
īѩƺ֮ĶԻһ⣬ǽġ
壬ɵԪǲֳʲôˣүүû¶ɡ
Ԫ磬ĵһ뵽үүҲ֪үүôˡ
ģǸƵΪԶ֮ϣ¶ġ
īŽģǶ֪ǵľﵽʲô̶ȣһֱҴţ˭͵ʲôһ
˵Ҳ֣ʮħ˳Ԫ磬Ϊβֹҷڽ׽аأ
һʱ䣬īҲ벻ô
ģɵЩҪ뿪硣
ոռĻûжõʱ䣬ī治һ洳Ҫȥ׷а飬ȻԪЩа㹻һˡ
֪ɵǷģһúõչԼ
Ҳ᲻ã͸ɵԼҪȥҲҪǰŲ֮С
ţһҪ
īӻóһһƿҩ
ڵΪո˾Ǵүүģ
ⵤҩı൱֮Ӵ󣬵еһλҩݱʮΪ֮
ҪǳƲע˹Ҳ֪ʲôá
ǡ񵤣ļٵģүүɱô壡
ôСҿ൱֮ţƵĴڣ˵ˣϼһһֱռˣһ㶫ô
յ˵ӦĵүֵˣһֱүүԾӣĵ壬Զ֮ϱ̳ռ˵
˵֪Լĵ˭ϼһ߯Ҫƿ񵤾͵Ϣˡ
˵ˣ֪ƿ񵤸Ҳ˵ʲôġ
ģһҪС£ȻϺܵͣҲδⲻдߵĴڡ
ѩƺվǵĽĵİȫϾᷢʲôΣ˭Ҳ֪ǽ켰ʱϵĻޱ˺ĵˡ
ɵһúõǿԼԼ
һĨЦ⸡ڽС
ɵ壬м±ȥҽ֮ʱ򣬱һصʮȥǡ
ã仰һǵ
īȻģôҪԼȥ裬ԶԶĻ֮УɵôǷĲ¡
㣡
ѩƺĿת޵ϣȻΪϹʥޣԸʮּթ˭ұ֤޲뿪֮Լʲô
˷ģСļȻ΢ǩԼԲˣĻġ
֤ԼκΣ˵飬ССˣһӰˡ
ϾųΣϢϢأɲԼڳ޴ʹࡣ
ԣɵ˰ɱųƻԼġ
ų磬ţ
ѩƺһӣһɫķų֮С
סһħʥޣֻҪǿԲٿסǿĴڡ
ѩƺ˵ų磬Ϊľǲʲôľٶһ뿪֮Ʒ
лɵ
ˣҲʱˣ벻һεļ˶ݡ
𣬽īۿŽ᲻÷֡
ǵðʱԷ϶û¶٣дӦǧ³
壡
ͦܰձīһ仰ĥˡ
壬ɵǷģѾǴǰˡ
һ仰֤ԼڽǿѾǴǰɵүүеǸŮˡ
֮󣬾ֵ飬Ѿǿˡ
Ȼ͸ɵǰԾֻһССߣǣһΪǿĴڣ񾳣ͻ񾳵ߵһ硣
ãˡ
һʱ֮ųڽīѩƺ󣬶۲Ŀһ۽ģڸҪǽɢصа鼩ãٲᣬҲҪ뿪
ɵټ
ɵ壬ټ
һа뽪īѩƺ𣬵ɫʱ֮ʧǰ֮ʱ֮һʧĻнīѩƺ˵Ӱ
аЩʱ䣬³̳̾һ
һҪŬУ̫ôĽ͸ɵˣ
Ҳǣ
һ
ţһ
ͬ
³̣ԣų磬һĽǾʵĴڡ
˰˸˵޷ӦԵޣ͸ɵһɵƷʵĲ࣬ڸɱġ
ȼյĻ棬мᶨ·
ǣһҪ񾳣Ϊ˵еĴڡ
࡫
ʱһ쳹ؼ䡣
ˣ
ûаɡ
ͬһɺҲЩĲͬ
ųߵ̧߰ĺɫ˫ۣǲˬĿһųˡ
΢࣬ӶˣŪԵȥҪȻһڳǰ˸Сӡ
ǰһ뻹ʮһȴǺʹүһڼ˺ȥ
Ц˳ǰǰֱ̧һƻ޵Ĺͷϡ
ӣǵΪﵽ񾳺۸ǲǣŲŷַٻ͸ɵˡ
ӵ޵һ㶣ôͰˡ
īѩƺСѾͷƬӵ͸ɵʧʧߣ
ٺ٣֣ǶôˣͲ¶ˣֻСжʱûԷˣܲСĳԱȣ

1205 

1205 
˵ģĶˡ
ԪÿԵĶǲݡ
ޣϹʥޣʳԶĪǳԲݵĶ
࡫
һһλص˶С
ҡҡͷȻ˵Щڴˣô˵ҲųԼޣųϢϢء
˵޵ĻҲ˵Ļ
Ҳ˷㣬ų֡
룬һٷҪʳǿǰ޴ġ
ų³׵֮а̨ʼ
ľУ³̵ϤԼΪжֿ˻
ԭ۵ľǿ󣡡
˽֮λ˶۵ΪǺķõʱ䶼޷ͻʾƿԵˣһ˶ѾΪ

ȻѾ񾳣Ҳ˵֮ʱһµ㣬ص㡣
˵µ㣬Ƕ˵̤ΪҪһĿꡣ
͸ɵݰզôأ
˺Ǻ潪īѩƺݣǶԽ˵Ԫʮݺ档
лУԪ磬ʮôǿô
ųŽ˵ŹڽīѩƺԼԪʮݵ顣
ɵϾѩǵĳΪһʶģ֮һֱڵף
׺͵ǷֻҲ֪׺͵˵һ뾭ĽѣҲΪⳡѣǳˡ
ҵ죬ô̼ôɵ͸֮ǰڤȥҸɵ
Խŷĵ˵飬˱Խĳݡ
һִĵ淢ĳ֮⣬ûκθܹ档
һԵҲŽ˵飬аŸղԼʱ֡
ԭСŮӱôǿ
ȵȣ
Ųûע⣬ڿнĵŮǲ򵥣
ҵ찡СŮӾȻϹʮ֮һŮת
һҪһ˫۾µĿͣԼһУֲòʵ
Ϲʮ֮һŮתԲۣʲô
֮˾ηϾ£ҪϹŵʱŮñˡ
ŮתΪһˣ޻µġ
ߣڽīѩƺĽĲδе顣
׸ɵҵ˵Ҳ񾳡
˵̤֮ˣԺʲôԺٽҪǳԷ
ľݵű򿪣ĺ˶һߵм䡣
հõĲһ׷⣬ټϼСˣΣ
ãûоƣ
Ȼ
ȾƳǾ䣬һƿơ
ȾƿԣǲԺȶ࣬ϾǾŲ󣬲Ұɽ԰
֪֪
³̱ʾ״Բȶġ
׻˵úãС飬ٺһЩ档
һߣųֶ˽һǰ
ŵζ޹žžવһأһ˫۾ֱĶŹ⣬ҫ۵Ĺâ
ӣ԰ɣ
Ӷӣӽޡ
ӣԵʱҪ¹ͷ
˵ٴˣ׼Ӷӡ
Ӻ⣬ѡһ
үģӾͶӣӳԣ
Ϊ˳⣬ЭˣΣֻҪܳԱ㣬˵ˣͬ⡣
ǰһͷȥʼ⡣
һߣҲ׷žΧһŷ
µĲоµĳԷִƴ˾ҪںȾƴڳŹˬ
һ׷ôˣֻʣһѹͷ˵ĵһߡ
ãȻԱˣҲ뿪ǰԨˡ
˴δģҩүү˵һھŲ֮ʲôᷢ

ҪӳԱҪ˯һ
׼̵ʱſ˵ϱʾԼ붯ҪǾߡ
ˣޣųǰҲ˵нɫĹâһǣסӽ˽ָ档
ָֻ޵һ˸߹һˡ
߰ɣ뿪󣡡
󣬱鲼׵磬֮ʱǿÿʱÿ̶в˵
ڣѾвûκο־֮⡣
ߣų羹Ȼ֮еǿԼΪĺô
ģֽ̬һ׶Σ
˼ĽǼʣҲͬʱΪųеˡ
֮׵ųΪ׽۰˽׶ΣǵıԵСӶܴﵽ۷״̬
ĽĽ
Ľиðֲ壬Ͻ뿪ɣҿɲ뱻׵Уۣ
һаھһʱγ뿪ԨĽ紦
ŵͼԨ֮бעĵطε̾һ
ҩүүԨеطע˺棬˼ҪǣԨΣա
Ǽ˶ѾԨǱ鲼ΣΣҲֻܽˡ
ģ
˾ͽʦ֣ʦ֣
ĵҪԨʱԶһ
ĻعͷȥһںɽʮӣΪ׵˲˾ͽͷ뽨仹˭
˾ͽͷ뽨俴ĵ˵ʱɵüͷ⼸ϵϢŪ࣬ȻǾʲôʹǵΪ˲١
ʦֶʦ֣ҲյԨô
ţǴô
ϵ˾ͽ˰Ǵġ
ţմʦء
˾ͽûʲô̫ӡ󣬳˸ϼ޻Լ֮߰⣬һǺںɽǸˡ
ѡÿһڵ˵ʮҪʮûԼݱѹЩֲ񣬲ò˵һ㻹ýĵġ
ǴɳĮɿˣ㿴ϵ·ˣҲ֪ûйҲһ
˵Ƿ뽨䣬뽨ΪڵĶʦ֣Ц˫ۣ˺ǺͰ׵ӣǣݴһʮʮĻĴܲ
СϢûǰڷŮԶ뽨ùԣ硣ʦֲǰġ
ʦãʦãκʦãҪҪʦַһ·
·
һ·֣۾ˢһҪκȺ³̼ʱס˻Ҫ⵽ˡ
ϱ侲һЩҪ·ĻȻȥ֮һƲ棬
ĩļԲҪǾԲҪû·
οھŲ֮УʱضܷΣգ뽨ȻģﲻοڵĵӣҲͳһսϵĻ飬ǷʲôҲԻһ¡
ϱ
³̱ס˻û
뽨䲻˽ǰһĻôΪëһ־һҡ

1206 ˻

1206 ˻
ʵϣ뽨ȴǾһ
ˣȲҪˣȻԨһԨΡ
˾ͽһ۽ģҲд⡣
˾ͽˣʲôֶΣȻҲΪڴʦ֡
ãһ˶һΣյļҲСһЩ
ĩһа˺ںɽʮһԨ֮С
ͬһʮ˸˲ԨʼһֱߣңûһǺɫԽŨҡ
ħôо񰡣
ɫϢӡд඼ħĴڣǣԨ֮еϢħҲʮֲоȫëëģںڰ֮˫۾ڶǡ
ɷħ
˾ͽΧʱػᷢΣգҸ³̣Ԩ֮еĺɫϢħɷ
ɷǺɫģԹһ𣬱㱻ȾΪ˺ɫħͬȴҲŲͬ
ɷ
ԣԨ֮еɷЩͷЩɷԹԹһþòɢγǽԨ
Ȼ˾ͽԨ˽ܶ࣬˹Ԩڵ֡
СģԨ֮ΣգԹһ򲻿ɶԹ˫ۣᱻĻþ֮С
һ˸СǰнţͻȻ䣬һ˫ִӵ˳ץסκȵĽš
磬Ľ㡭ʲôץסң
ԨУûʲôôֻܿ߾ĹâһССأſץסκȵһֻɿݵƣϲӿֳڲκȡ
һһκȵϣƺвһӴκȵȥ
ЩԹĶרŸŮӵϡ
˾ͽʳָӡκϵķ䲻ϵҲڽĺͻϡ
һʮˣֻŮӣȻǲŹᡣ
һͻΪԹ壬ʶ
лʦ֡
κſˮųĻУĺͻҲлţû˾ͽĻҪһˡ
ʦ֣ɽһʲôĴڰ
ĺ׺ɽôĴڡ
Ϊ˱Ļᣬһͨɽʸɽ
ŽŶںɽ飬˾ͽδ˵شǷ뽨䡣
Сʦ˵Ҳǣôʹء
Ҳʱģ˭֪ѡȻǰˡ
ıʾҲ൱޹ʱϵڣ·Ҳǲ߲ݵĸ·
һǺɽԵˣģʦʦǣںɽġ
뽨ЦģЦˬ
ʦ֣ܱܲôЦЦĺһ̬һ
̬ĸִӻʱ򣬺ɽӷ׷ĴָŻһз뽨ıʡ
ʲô̬ʦ仰˶ʦֵˡ
ꡭ
뽨׼˵ʱ˾ͽʾ˰
ʱһӺڰһ˲䣬ǺڰеΣһԾ뽨䡣

еĲ׽Σڵķ߾漴Ǻɫѷմ
ɫһ׶೤߾գѾҧ˷뽨Ĳ
뽨˫ֱȭлͽĶˡ
Ҳȭؾš
֮以Ϊ˾ͽķǣҲľٶ
˵ʲôҩүүעĺһԨ֮еΣա
һδ˵Ŀ䱸Ķܣ˷ӿ롣
ǿħĻӦһʱ˾ͽ뽨Ⱥɽһڵ޷ܷħ֮е׻нָıܵ˺ȴ򲻿ɡ
ԣħ󲻿ɡ
󷨡
ǣʦ֣
ڽĵ˼λ˺ڰΣյʱ˾ͽһӣɽĵǰУһâ˲佫С
ˣһҲΧһС
ҵ찡ǽ˹ô
³̵һڹâ£ǰĹΧΧ
ʲôùֶѰ֮ˣǲŵľ޴ǼһȺһȺ֪ĶҲǷɳ۶
ھŲ֮һﶼᱻԨ֮Уɷġ
󷨿ֹаħ֣ȴ޷ֹŲ֮ħ޵Ľ
ģЩͽǣ
һԾų磬ԣ³̣Ҳȥ
Ҫһ½ֵ֮˺ֵزȺħˡ
˾ͽ뽨俴һۣҲս֮С
˸վڰ˸λ֧󷨣ܡ
Ȼħа赲ڹâ֮⣬ɱħ޵ȵȴܹâ
ͺñһ޴ѡ
淳ֶˡ
鲼׷鲼ųǰ濪·ϵʮĬһȭѵϣʱڶߣ˽罣ѷտɱȣһȥ㽫նϡ
ҲԹһ·ɭ֮лǴʱ˿̵Ԩ֮УǱⶫ׷ٴΡ
Ƿɽɭ֣ΪȺ飬ôײĽع֮УЩɥڴˣĻ˲òһѰҲҩ
ģԹԹг𱨳
׵һ£罣â鲼񵶵ķƳһУų磬³ĸţǰ·նɱߡ
ԺͽļϷ뽨˾ͽ޶ǴķͼΪ
Ԩ֮еĹڶ࣬һ˲ǳصģ˵ɱ֮£ԨĹǲǰ׷ȥ
бѽһɱһɱһ˫
³е񵶵ڵϣһ˫ŭŭźڰеһС
³̻µһ˲䣬һضɽҡ
Ӷһֻ޴İ˽֩ڻǰ
֩ʮӴСɽôߡ
࣡
ԲۣӾ˵˵ѣɡ
³̣˺ѻ죡
ųһԹı鿴³̣ôѻ죬˵õʲô˵ȫС
֪ⶫ˲߶
ųٺٵЦţʾԼҲ֪ôô顣
СһЩ󡣡
˾ͽɫĿӴ󣬽ҲΪʲôĴڡ
ҩүүڵͼϻһ棬ΪرһһԻʡ
޿˵ԨףܵĲҪˣֻܱˡ
ʱ˿̣ѾǰѾˡ
СྐྵȻô򡣡
͸ǿѹһʹ
Ҳ䴳룬Ĵ
ĵ˵ǲⴳԨĵֻ̣ǡ·ѡ
˵˻ˣϾ޷ӦԵĴڡ

1207 һᱣ

1207  һᱣ
ǰֵȻ˫ֱʾȥסʱ䡣
ߣ
˾ͽߣʾɽЩгˣҪĺԶϺȡ
ô
뽨ŽüҲ뵽ԨҪ֪ʮ˸˼һҲԨĶ֣οǽĺԶ֮
з
ҪľǾ뿪ҪԽĶκ׸
ƺ˵ľٶһֻצҪķһ˲䣬֩ӵ·ӿס˵ȥ·
뱾أɱ˱ˣ뿪Ρ
λˣҲ֮٣ҪҵȣҲỹ֣ỽ㡣
ۿ·ѾĿһԼˣûбķΨһսˡ
³һĲ뿪Ҳûбķˡ
ߣССྐྵȻ뱾а壬ȻǴԨǾͱ뿪ˡ
˼Ǿû˱
΢΢üѾĳĩİ˸Ҳ˱ˮһս׼
ʦ֣ܿã
ʲô˼
ĵ˼ǣûʲô˺
˾ͽŽ仰˼ӲصĻһһͿء
Ǿ仰ΪӦԣǿжսػʮ˸Ȼһʱ䣬󻹻ʣΪ͡
ȻˣһԷħ󣬵˺˾ͽһˣϾнָ˾ͽһûС
㾡ʩнɣҵзӱȫ
ڵĺɽܹ֮Ϊɽ֮ˣ˵˵ѡ
ȻĵҪʵʲô󷢣ǻγһ˺
˾ͽ仰ľͷˡ
˵ħ󣡡
ɷԹԨ֮У˫ֽӡħһ˲ɽ֮Уȫаħ׷ױħе׵Уҷ
ǡʲô󷨣
ħܹסһħ֡
ǿһĴڣһ̤˷ħ֮УħеסȻʩ󷨵ҲҪ൱Ĵۡ
ȣ
ĻҲ߹Լ
ʩзħȻֹ󣬿ΪԷʵ̫ǿ߸ͬһȼڽĵΪʮ־޴⻹ûһյĹ򣬽ĵѾա
ҪκȼʱǰŽģɽȵ÷ħʧ

עΧ
뼰㣬Ѿ𾳽Ľʩзħ󶼼ֲ˶õʱ䣬οˡ
ߣҪŷӡķħĺ˾ͽҲù
û뵽󷨾ȻǿǿҪʮþȫγһССĽ׵˺
ңۿŽ缴ѣôȥĻһЩħһҷ
һ˾ͽϵĽѣͬʱĵķħҲͬһʱ鲻
ۡ
һѪӿĵϥشڴڴϢѪȵĿ
Ľ㣡
κȾ߽ܵģôΪĵһʱܲˡ
ߣǲ⼸ǧǵһԱв࣬Сˡ
Ļ֮мͣԾɸı䲻ҪȺɱʵ
ۿǧ֩糱ˮųȫ򿪣߾ճ֩룬һһ֩벻ϵĳʮ˸˱ƵһУԨ¡
ڴʱһĴϢص֮䣬ĸܵӿǿһҲ֮ҪΪǿ
ɣ
Ѳ֮µǵԻʣ
ʲôʲôвûнһ֮ӿĻص֮䣬һ佫Ƶ֩顣
Ȼ˾ͽҲҵʹš
С֩룬㾹ȻҴű˯Ĳͷô
ȻԻһ˲ҲˣɰôҲñ¶ʲô
˯ľʡ
ϣ겻䣬ƢǼˡ
ԻʺܲϲС֩˵Сǲ˴
ʱԨ֮УһӰֶɷԨڣһ޴Ӱڰ֮У˫ɫĳǰ޴ѹ˲һ֡
ȻԻںδȴĸܵǿвƺֻҪ磬Ҷʣ
ǲ࣬ʵĲ࣬ǵľ硣
ԻʣޣǸڲĴڣǲӦԵǿв
Ǹɵ弴ʹֵĻͱ޸ˣڣǰ󣬺ԻʣѲҪô
ҲǺЦ͸ɵʱ򣬻ĵúõأˣתۼͱĺ޻֮
ϺǣѲѡʱôʺкþûڵĵˡ
ԻʵϷʣںЩ˵һֻС˯ߣܲ˰ˡ
ڵĵӻԽԽˣһС֩붼ԸˣҲԩ
Ȼû㹻ʵնɱ󣬿ɱԻôţǲˬ
ɻȽĳڣһâӽз˰գŮ̬ľԻʣƺʲô
ˣԲɡ
ҿͣȷǰЩƵԣ
ȻĻǾͺðˡ
ˣһᡣ
£ص˽ֹУһγֵʱ򣬾һƬĶ·֮С
ӡ
С㣬Ƚ˭أԡõʲô
Իע⵽ŵۣһ˲²ôۣ岻ʧô
ССһﲻˡȻϹûɵĴڡ
ӣҸһס
Ӧ磬һҪúõıˣҲʮ𣬲Իʳˣа취ǰΣ

ĵľˣýķģа취
ģһᱣġ
Ů̬ľŽż̤նԻʵľ
ۣԣӦ֪۶˵ζʲô
ǽĵĴʱһ˺ܴĸı䣬ǴλǴ˵
ͺñڣԻ̸С
ģϱʲôأ
ŽģҪʲô
̸УȡȥĻᣬȿȣ
δ˵仰һѪ˳

1208 ѡ

1208 ѡ
κ߽ģȴǰ˰֡
ѾˣϢһ£
Ѿҩ񵤵ҩЧϵĲյΪֻҪʱˣ۾ܲܺԻʽ׳ɹٸʱ䡣
Ľ㣬ʣµĽǣȰĵϢ
κô᲻֪ڵ״жôأԽļʩзħ󣬶мˡ
ж񵤣Ҳ˲ָˡ
κѪе߽ģҲ˼ޣȴҧŽġ
һߣζеۣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ҲڵΪѾ˽ʱֻȱһЩԵԻ
һ۾ͿԻʵΪ׼ȷ˵ԻҪΪֻвһԵ
ԻҪĻԵеۡ
ôۡ
ȻǴϰġ
ָָ·ڵϢĽģԻ˵ĶӣһѪͳΪ˪
ˣڤƽʣȵȵ굤ΪҪӳɳڽڣҪ˯һʱ䡣
һȵ֮󣬷Լױ˳ӣʱ˵ŲˣԻʷΪᱻ
ԣѡ
һˣ뿪ԨŲ۸㡣
ڶѡ񣬾֮ȫˣʱΪ
ԻѡѡԻ˵кôѡ񣬾ҪԻԼˡ
ԻʣǺ˵
ˣ벻ᷢһĻңԻеѾ˾ԣɱ⡣
Ԩô꣬Ļô
󾯸ԻʲҪ嶯ĪҪȺɵƭˡ
عͷŶİЦš
Ϲֲˡ
۱ӣеɫƬںڰ֮ɢҫ۵Ĺâ
ѡѾˣʱ䣬֮㲻ѡҾͽһƬ۸ˣһ
Ⱦ㿴Իʾ޴Ϸһŭص֮䡣
С֩룬ʻǾ÷ΪȽҪ
Իʣ㻹꣬ȻСĻõҲܷ
ܡ
ʱվӲŴǵѪ
ιȳ¶񵤡
κΪҪ̫˯˹ȥҲκȵ»ָĵΪ
³һһɽ֮УԵħ֡
ҽΪ֤ԻҵȰȫ뿪Ԩ֮ʱὫһѪ۽Իʡ
ߣѪһѪʲôã
״ӿӿ˿ۿ˿ƽģԻ³棬ջ˿
Ŷʵô˵ԭΪΡ
Իʣ
ҪֹԻʺǰĺûκô
˫ָһ˫иֳ˫ɫ˫ۡ
֪ܲϵϢѰ˲ͬҵĸĸټۡ
һĨŵЦ⸡ڴǣ֮Ļ˵ףԻҲӦе˼
ѪҺֻۣҪԻ㹻ԽΪ
Իʣ
һ
һοҪֹԻʵһ˲䣬ʮ׼ȷϡ
ȻʵԻʣܳưԨһȻԼı졣
һԻʶԼɱģҲ˵ʲôŨܵ˿ϵΧ˿γһ̵ĳ룬ԻʵĻҲ޷͸
С֩룬ԲסˣΪΪʳοһĿıǳΪ
Իиʲô˿壬˵Ҳͬ衣
ʱԻʿеĻһɫɫĻһ˲ΪɫɫĻ津˿֮ϣֻҵĽ
ǲҵص֮䣬˺ѷΡ
תۼ䣬ɫմֻʣµϵһѻҽˡ
Իʻعͷһ۵ϵ࣬βһɨΧߵħаһʧ
߰ɣǰԨľͷ
ԻƵƯǰһ໥ŸԻ
Իʿһ·ϵħɢ
ڣԨĽ֮ſԻһͷȫɫƬ;޴ԡ
ʵĶء
á
ŽߵԻǰĻûԻһӴ󣬿֪ԻʵжôӴ
ʱƮнָһѪӽĵԻʵĿУҲ۽Իʡ
Сӣʵ˵ʵѣû˵ѪԼۣ֮Ҳܻ
ԻСӣ֮Ⱥͳһ̵
ҲǾǰ˵һһ壬ʲôȵҪǿΪ֮⣬ҪһԵԵˣһƷ֮Ҫ˵˵ѡ
ߣƭô
ĿеѪҺ뵽ĿУһ޷ݵصȫһִδйĸоо档
ԻʵĿ˽ĵϣСС྿ʲôĴڣѪҺȻǿ˵Ļ᲻˲仯
ͷԻԺ֮У˫ɫҲֳɱ⡣
ȻǸܵԻеɱ⣬Цڴǣ֣ιԻʵӡ
Ļȫԣҵ׶˺ҵĻұ֤ʣҶӿǴ˪
ĲԻʻԼʲôвǺ뱲Ӷڱ׷ɱ档
ұ֤Ի˺˵׸ʵضǣ˵Ҳ
Իʣת뿪ԨĽ֮ʧԻʵǰ
ǽʧеӰԻƳƳ͡
ʾһ¶ѣСŮôôݣ
ֲãֲСŮӵѪҺȾǿ
ԻЦţһѡˡ
ѪȻͬ죬ңѾͷϹʮ֮һŮת
׬ˣ
޴»ص˺ڰԨ֮УԻ׼úŽĵѪҺԼ۷Ϊ
һָо߻һμģʱѾΪ
ڴٴμСѾͷĳ棬ʱʲôΪ
һߣѾ˾Ų֮µĵڵϢš
Ųƶ˾ǰҲǰ
ǣ˵ʵŲĻûκεʤ㡣
ѡʱ䣬ϢһúõزΪľǸõĴ
һپŲ氲Ӫկ
˶񵤺ļָ߰˰ˣκȸ˾ͽ뽨ãʮ˳ȱʧ֮ûʲô󰭣ҩϢһյĹ⾰ȿԻָˡ
˿겡ʼ

1209 Ĵʦ

1209 Ĵʦ
ҽʦ֮⣬ְĩιԱݡ

Ҫ⣡
Ҫ⣬ҪȾƣҪΣ
һ³̻һڣͱݺһƴԴϡ
˵һԡ
пģҾΪϳһգӰ
³̱Լû˼͵ӣ˵ˣôƯϱߣʲô˼
³仰Ǳһ
Ŷ³˼ǲģǰڻߣ㲻Ұ
ӸƴˣҺϱȽĸ飡
³һȥҪĲӣһԵҲɿ𣬶˹Ц
һʼеĽϢ˲ɢʣµֻҪٺɡ
˺˶ˣ
˾ͽ뽨˱㿴Ӱ˲˶Լλãһ˫۾ҫ͹Ĺâ
ôˣ
ɽĵôĳ棬ɽһĻǴǾš
һһ׷һĲˣһһƣĩȺ˾ǰ˰ûгԹһںȾƴڳڳԷˣԱɫ˩ŵĹҲֻŵͷͳԡ
ʦ֣Ƕ˶ˡ
֪
˾ͽҡҡͷʾԼҲ֪ǰһĻΪΣĵǵӡ֮Ƕׯɵ󣬿񡭡
ʦּ£ϰ߾ͺˣⶼǱġ
һ˾ͽǰҲһ׷һһơ
ھˮһЩҩݣȶҲ޷
лʦܡ
ҵ죬ʦôóôʦóԶˡ
һⷭӿ㣬ûʲôʳҲʳһһڷȥͣˡ
óԣóԣ
㣡
ʲôģĹȥѡ
ɽĵҲ˼ɵĳԵǽһ硣
Ⱦƣ飡
Ⱦƣ
뽨žƱɽӺͱĩһƬ
ʱ³̾žƱվһöǺȶ˵Ĺϵҡҡλεߵ˾ͽͷ뽨˵ǰ
󣬴ʦ֣ʦ֣ö
³§ŷ뽨ļ򣬳ֵܵ˵żҳ
ԭɣӻͦǵģߵﶼһţƺΪǵı飬СִܷȾƣ
СϵܣͲˣɶʱţƺˣʵҲǴһƬȾƣ飡
Ҳ֪ǾƾãǾ֮ĩͺɽĹϵ˺֮ܶ࣬ʮֵǢ
Сϸ磬ϵܿ˳ۣϵҲûʲô͸ģֻи߸һˡ
ϣ㻹ᳪ裬Сϸϴ
ɽĵһ³Ҫ裬и˰ѾԻա
ɱĩ˻ˣĻˡ
Ҫֹ³̿ڳ裬ȴѾˡ
Ҫ
ϣ˭ҵĹϣ
ϣ˭ҵСϣÿο
ϣСĸСϣϡ
ϣСҲСϣΰϣ
³ŲӳŸ裬֮ͬˡ
ĵ׼סŵħ
˾ͽ뽨˾ûôùˡ
ۡ
һѪӿ뽨˸вͣѪ
ܰˣˣܲˣ
ʦ֣ʦ־ȾңҪˣҿȥˣ
³̸ĥȥĺɽţʱ˿̵˾ͽţӲûյ³̸Ⱥĩ˷׷Ĵָ˾ͽʦɼΡ
ɻȿ꣬һ˾ͽһᣬڵϻ˹ȥ
ҹɫھŲ֮⣬³̱廨һߣҲס˵ݡ
ʦãʦôˣɡ
뽨һһ˾ͽߣŽĴʦֵ
˾ûȬټħһʱѪû¶ϢһǺá
أ
³һ±ƣʱ˿Ѿˣ³̲ΪɶҪ
ƨûбԻˣ㱻ˡ
ҲǹֺɽӲ֪ĩĹأŻЩ³ߡ
Ǳĩ໹񼼣Ҫ֪³̵ĸ𺳣žӦһס
԰ôû뵽ԺģΣվͰ³ȥ衣
أ
³ţҪû⿪ɻ³̣ߵϿ°ĭ޶ӡ
ų磬Ӳᱻ˰ɣҪɱ԰ɣҲûԱ
һҪͷﵹбվȺôʱ޿̶Űˡ
Ůӣ˳̫ˣ
³̵ĸǰ޹˺ߣϹʱҲûһھЩ˵Ĵڣ̫ǿˡ
ģЩô
ڽĻ֮ʱκȸİȥȷϻָһЩΪ֮Ҳڶ񵤵ĵº֮ʱŷġ
û¶ˣ㣬´β׼ǿ֪ô
۵ĿκȣԴԴϵˡ
ȵȻչˡ
һվڽǰκȱų类˻С
ȣԺ׼ôǽһᵣĵġ
ųִ򣬴ظκȵĳ˳ǾٶҪôжôᣬĽȫһ񺮡
үжѣŮ˵ĴҲԡ
һų磬ܲĽİʰꡣ
˾ͽ˹ӷһ졣
ʦãʦһ࣬ʦֱ³ĥʲôԲ¡
뽨ýĸ˾ͽһ࣬һ¡
ѽŰϻ𶯣
һ뽨ҪԼһ˾ͽԣ˲
ŽʧеıӰ֪ΪΣ뽨һֲõĸо
ڲԶĺˮϴ꣬ĩĿ飬δĵľٶ
һ࣬Ļص˾ͽǰ
ʦ֣ȳһ
ڴı飬ȴ˾ͽ
ʱڿ̧ͷ΢΢Žü
ҸղſĶһ뿪ˣﻹʲô˾ͽѲɣ
⣡ȥ
룬һȥ
Բۣǧԣǧ԰
ʦ֣ô˴ʦ֣ʦ֣
뽨ĻˣۼŴʦڳһڣͳһС֮һ鴤°ĭ
ôˣô
ÿÿ
κȼʱ֣ǴǹҩѾһǽ˾ͽӹŹؾ˻ʱѾǺҹˡ
ǡǻɶûʹ
뽨ǿŶħһı鿴Žĺ³̣ʱ˿̵Ľ̵֪ԼĴ󣬹ԹԵĶ³̵ߡ
廨³һϷı飬ٺٵЦš
أ
ס죬˵ֻصĺĳЦŽġ
Ҳнգ
û˰ס죡
İһĳˣڵϵǵĿһ˾ͽڣ˾ͽûдˡ
ϸ磬㾹ȻҳԽĶڿʼǱĩĵ澴ʦ֡
Ե˷׷׹¾ԼΪʵľ⡣
ܰ³̵Ķħܿĵĵڴʦ֣溺ӣ
ʱ˾ͽ˫ۣҪ˵ʲôճ̾һ
ʦϢһ£
ǺãʦͰĵϢǲˡ
бҪĩĸԲҪͼ˵ҪȻĻʦֶʦûﷴ֮ԼС
ǸʲôǱĩĸԲҪһǾԲҪ³̿ڳ裬ڶǾԲҪý³ԲҪҲˣ֪жôء
еʱ򣬴վǴţֻ˲֪еĿֲ
ʣµҪԲҪû·ĸҪǲҪκȴ·
ĩܻ֮ڣΪϸĸԲҪ
ԲҪʱ򣬷뽨Լûӷ·ʱųĹâԢΪΡ
ʱ˿̵ķ뽨ԼûִԲȥҪȻ֪ôġ

1210 ۼǮ

1210  ۼǮ
˾ͽ᲻¶˽ĩĸԲҪһ˾һԲҪѾ˾ͽ³̵ħһԽʳ
溺ӣͣ
ڣΪｫһι˾ͽ׵׵ĻָԪȻ˵ǰŲˣվ⡣
գŲǰ
һʮ˸վھŲǰǽ֮صĿġ
һʼ˾ͽҪͽĵһϸ£һĻĻķúɽӺͱĩ˾ûκ壬ΨһͬĿģǴŲ֮С
ߡƵľŲ˾ںηſһ˲䣬һǿصԴԴϵĴܱŷš
³һ̤˾Ų֮С
ֵǣʮ˸һŲ֮ڣڽĽŲʱȴΧֻԼ
Ůʲô
ڴʱһ
̧ͷѰȥһ뷢԰׵ߣһϮ£ɷǣ˫֮иǲߵΪǿɱĵز
ģǰ
ıȭ߿ǰŮ͵ĵ˵ͷ

ȻתȴǰȻͬȻɣȴǱǰ¶˺ܶࡣ
Ȼʶǰģڼĵʱ˵Ů֡
ǰЩںδ
ģŲǸ˵ֻͨ񣬷뿪Ų
߸߽ĲصģһŲÿһ˶ÿһ˵ˡ
ŮټϷʲô˵ô
һ仰ýЦЦ
ǰĻ֪ŮתҵǰϤǽģŮ񡣡
ǰҲãҲա
ҪˣŮתΣڵֻǽģǷĺͽİݵŮ˶ѡ
ȥʲô䶼Ѿʷĺ֮Уֻǽİˣ
ŶȤǰǸ޷㣬ϷǱȽϲڵ㡣
Цţ˵ϲڵĽġ
ȻתֻسΪ˵ŮǰΪرĲ죬ǣСŮһһϲ
˵ģϷû뵽תĻòɲ֪ǰǰľô顣
˵ѾǺģȷ˵Ϣʮ㡣
֪ȻʶԸºˬʮ֮һŮ񣬲֪ĻΪĸɽͷٵء
һĺͽ²ǰƢжô⣬ҵݵаԵаŮߵľһִ򣬿νĻСħ
˵Ҳ֣ħս֮ʱΪСħĴڣҲнյһˡ
ص⣬ţָֻԭеׯϡ
˼ңжҵǰ
ੲݵ²ۣ¶С¶ǵ
һʱ䣬ǺǰʶûмʮҲʱˣ߻Ǽǵ޲ðѼëƤ鶼ͽ߶һ
ɼ߶ŮԹжôŨҡ
ȿȣԿء
ЦЦԼʧ̬
ǸʲôȻѭ˾Ų֮УϷҲٶϻˣ񡣡
ʲô񣿡
֪ʲôͨؾŲнӹһţĲſֽֽдµݡ
ҿļٵģذ
죬µĿߣʮȷŵĵ˵ͷ
ŮĪҪŭֽ飬ֳּǸݳֽ֮˵ʾģϷһʼҲֽ֪дʲô
һ仰ܼ򵥵ĽԼֽƲøɸɾ
ۻ׵ĺӣЦķһϺƵģĽˬ
֪ΪΣľȻһҪʹһٵԽŨš
ˣǻȥԻصˣϷһʱʱ׼һʱ֮Ҫǰ֮ˡ
£ߴһӣһɫ̳ȵ̳ɢ֮ԭʧһٴγڱ˴ǰ
ԲۣϹң
³е񵶣ŭ
ҪǶļʱһᱻ³̸롣
ϣ㰡һΪʲôħأôͻȻ֣
³ҲһţӦڳÿжһš
ʲô񣿡
ŲضʮΣգĵԼĵǱĩ˵׽ʲô
̾һеֽ̯
ѣһλصϹһˣ˸дһʫ
ôʲôôòãҪдʫдë
治صϹһ뵽ϹȺˣʱ޿̲뷢
㣬ҲȥϹһ𰥣
κ̯еֽдҲǰϹȻѰһдʫʣҲ˺ǲ⡣
Ѿ۾ҪȥϹһأ
ʮֲĿԼκеʲô
һҪȥϹдʫһҪȥϹʲôʲôʫʣܸܲʾȣ
磬ʲô񣿡
ų罫еֽκȣκȶֽݣ΢΢ü
磬ҪȥŮѰ낳ô
ŮˣҲҪȥŮ
³̱ʾԼҲҪǰŮˣֽӸ³̣ʾĿĵҲŮѰ낳飬ȥѰһŮӡ
ѰһŮˣ˭ǲǰõģ
䵣ң絣ĻκȣȥĿж
˵˴³һסˡ
԰κҪȥжô֪Ⱥ˶ϱʲô˼롣
ϱҪȥô
ҪȻ֡
һ³̣־³̵ӣ֮ЩҪ³
㣬ȥŮ֮ʲôմǲݵΪ¼ҶӾ
ϱģұ֤ῴŮһۣҵĺҵ涼㣬ϣġ
Ż
˱³仰ĵЩ˳ǲٯٯųȶˡ
أ
޽磬Ժһ𣡡
ԺҲҪȥѰһˣֻ˾ס޽֮УҪ֪޽Σձ鲼һСľͻǡ
ҩţסˣвͳһţ˷ѣۼҶ¶
İһƿĶ񵤶ԣʾǰ޽֮һҪССզСģи˷ðҪһŶ񵤣ûԤвβ˷ѡ
Ǽʲôȱǲȱҩ
УǾš
֪ĵĵǣָ֮С
һߣɽʮҲſű˴Ҫȥ֮ء

1211 ģô

1211 ģô
ģҪȥʲôط
³̣ųǰŮ
Ҫǰ޽硣
κҪǰϹ
ǽأ
ҪȥĵضҲͦϤġ
Ĳ˸ǣֽУ³һץסֽֽд֮ʱüһ
㾹ȻҪȥڤأ
ûްҵֻǮڤѰҵӲݣ뿪ŲҪȻͻԶԶ
ıʾԼҲǰʲôڤ
ΪͳƶµһԼ֮ʱ˵˵ѣû뵽ôͳˣ죬û¶˵ʲô
ʵѾʵݲκθı䣬˾ŲΨſ뿪ҪȻҪôھŲΪ֮ǿ뿪ҪôΪԨеһĻꡣ
ģڤأȣϴȥڤųǲǾˣء
˵ɭ֮ʹֵĻǻᱻԼçײˡ
ļٵġ
ȲƭˣȵͷҲԷ
˵ֻѰӲݶѣӦòʲôѶȡ
˵ˣȥŮϹȥ޽磬ǶҪֽǣϾ˭Ҳ֪ʮħ᲻֡
֪ˣҲҪСġ
̸䣬ʱһʱ׼ʱѾɢɫ̳һθֶ
ǰһţȫڸһʮѹֵϢ
ôϤ׹˵
ŶˣһŲǵڤ֮ʱֵô
̸ȵģûΥԼ
ô˵ɽĻǲڣɫĴʧʱһγ֣һֵĻһϮ֮ʵľ
Ůħô
֪
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĿʼտŽģǵӰʧںɫĴ֮ڣҲδƿ
񰡣Ӧ֪ŮԸһŮˣ֪Ϸƭⲻһٱˡ
ʱıǣڣĲʹñġ
ӶеȣǵЦŨҡ
ϣһжܾ⣬ģһڤ֮Ӧջʮֵڴ
񣿡
ҿոջߵľʱȴʧӰ١
ε̾һ߲֪Ӻδóһϣһ߳һűŮĻ档
ɣŮǰ٤ɽ˭֪ҪͻȻ֣˵ʲôʱ򣬱㽫ŮʱǰڤѰӲݡ
ʲôӲݰЩǻӣŮתĳضĵ㣬˼档
һǸˣȫסĺ˼꣬ǶǸ˿־塣
ˣǸǻ㲻ˡ
ҲˣܽԼϷʲô飬ҲΪ룬ֻϣŮھ֮һ㡣
תһ룬ôˣħŮԾɳĲ䣬֮Ůȴ͸ɵһ֪УҲŮûûε˲Żյľٶħս֮³˲˸޷Լº֡
һϳˣִóһ㽶
ŮϹˮзߣϹŻʦףˣǿ˽ߣħЩһǺǵģ˾Ų

밲꣬ƫƫԸ
һߣڤ֮еĽ߹һĺɫ·۵ıһƬޱ޾Ļɫ̫ܻǵضǻҰһƬ
ˣ
ڤɲ֪ΪΣԶȻһƬƬƻâѲһô
ôô
߳С·ľͷС·ľͷȻһľţľ֮⣬ڽ֮Ļҫۡ
磿
ضôн磿
üͷĴľ߳˽磬ʯ·һħ
Բۣɶ
һ±ƣ˿ľţֿ˿ǰǧħʲô
ǽһ⣬ʯ·ħҲԭأųĺʥ֮һµŮ
ˣࣿ
࣬ҵ죬ࣿ
ڤ˽ô
֪С椳ͦεģ
ǲ೤һô
ϻ೤òѵô
ǣǾúһˣģ
ִħһ˲䣬һƬȻ
ģǷĴ˰ɣ
ħ۷׷ףΪ׵Ҳסˡ
ģ
̫˫һ̫ƵȻģȴ֪ǰŮǷġ
İ׷ǰŮȻƣȷʵڷ
ģ
ڳ˳̫֮⻹гƣǼĵģһοĵʱҲһ¡
˭ǽģ
̫תͷųƣΪŽ˭
ʱһǿħǵصֶ޷ݣħؼһ̣һħ׷¹򣬼̫ӺͳҲǵĹ¡
Ļ±Ƶ״̬ŸδǧƵħ롣
ɣָǴ򲻹ˣΨһȫ֮ߡ
ɻ취˾ͱһӰرڻС
ϤζڱǻУ̧ͷδˣֳһĨϲҲŮϲ
ġ
߲ǱˣϹħڤҹ
ûȺħˣҲҪˡ
ڤҹӵ뻳ЩԴϢϰԵ̧һڤҹ
ô
ңħļ֮գΪϹħȻҪֵ񡣡
ԵΪؼ֮ʱһ׹ڴ֮Уű㿴˽ġ
ڤҹΪǻþû뵽ġ
̰һνûУڤҹЦһ㡣
ѽ˵ˡ
ģô
ֻǵħ
ôͻȻħС
˵ˡ
֪ôᱻ͵ħڤļ䡣
ǰôû˵ڤм顣
ĸڤҹ˵Լôԭ
ãӲݣҾͿģҾԲģôࡣ
Ŷҵ֪ʲôôˣ
ڤҹЦţЦıжôᣬͬʱҲǽһ𾪡
Ϲħ񰡣ǿϹħǾǿһҲ֪ˣྐྵȻҹ˻ϹħǰԳƽ㡣
ڿٶʱҲ˽⵱ս˵һǻԣϹħʶ
ϣǷĺͽİݵŮ
˵̫ҲûɶãֻҪ˵ǷĺͽİݵŮܽ͵һУǰһĻȻ𾪣Ҳ⡣
Ͼһ仰˵úãĸŮܸɵóô춯ص飬Ϊ˵ŮֵľٶҲ֮ˡ

1212 һ֮

1212 һ֮
ֻû뵽ĺħ˾Ȼ쵽زңħƺԽһֱĸ顣
ֱӸ߳ƣĺϹħ֮¶
Ϊĵĳ֣ͣϹħǣŽĵֻصħ֮УԸ˽ϲԵĲȡ
һЩԡ
ǰһڤҹչŽģһٶ˿Ŀɿڴ
ǿϹħˣĴڣôҪźһࣿ
̫ӵ˲ףҲԭ
ҪǸͦóԵģʲô⣿
ĺſڣڤҹ͵ߵʳ
ڤһʳģϲͶһЩҪϸʣȻֻŵˡ
ٺ٣
ֻųԵĽĸڤҹĻһһСӣԵǽһ֡
Ҹ˵ԴӽŲ֮ҾûôԹȵķ
һ뵽ǽŲ֮һУпؼıǵΪˣųҲԼĻԵ
ڵѡô
ţҪΪΪնħȥˣҲܱμѡˡ
˵ʱ򣬽Ŀ˿ڤҹֿ˿ڤҹһˣļ
ûǵ˼˵Ǵʮ˲QʮħЩ¡
ĽնɱħʮħųȺڤЩˡ
ϾҪ뿪ڤһܼѵ飬ȻǸʱĳҲŷҪڤг
ҪǸ
ãԣ̣
˵Уڤҹݸ߹Ϲħ˶ηĴڡ
ǣڽУڤҹֻڤҹ˶ѡ
óţ
һٷԱ㣬Ĵ˸
ڤҹ˵ֵܲ
ͻȻһ仰ڤҹ£ֵݱ˴֮УƺЩǡ
ˣСѾͷԸҲǺ̬ȣ˵Ǿ仰ż
Ҫ˵Ӳݵʯô
Ĳ˵ڤҹ֪Ҫ˵ʲôжĽĲҪҪġ
ֵܣ֪ҵû׾㣬㿴ϵôˣǲҪΪҷһ£ҵӲɾŲ񡣡
Цķһֱ۴ڤҹϣһ־ڤҹͷ˫֮Ц⡣
Ȼĵҵ飬ȵҴе֮󣬱ǰĺѰӲݿɺá
˵ģһΪ˭ҪǷھС
СĴָڤҹŹɵĶϹħôǣ̫ӳǰڤҹˡ
СĴָס˽ĵСĴָгỹᣬ޲ðеⶼۼڽһ˵ϡ
ڤʱ粻һǰڵĻڤڵʱҪĺܶ࣬Ҳżһʱ
ڤûаͺҹ֣֮еֻһƬɫĿռ䣬߹ŵҲʵ˿
ħ⣬Ŀǰĳƣһ˫
û뵽ǻô档
Цţһһɫ۽µζʮ㡣
֪֪ˣѡ
Ĳ鲻ԸĻָһѪһѪ볯ǰ
ô⣬Ǹ˵㻰صĺӣԲֱ顣
ҼǵҲҪѪҺΪɶ
Ͳùˡ
Ʋ߽ԼҪѪҺ;Լ顣
Ʋ˵Ҳȥʡ
ؼˣȥ˯ˡ
˸ǷĻ˻볯ƴǱ𣬻˴֮лصԼڿʼ˯
ڽʧʱ򣬿иֳһɫ漴½ڽվŵλϡ
ڤħ½ԼϢĲδںڰе½
ƵĿ½ϣһ˫΢΢üͷҲ
ħӦ֪ĺħ֮ĹϵȻڤɲħս֮УӦҵ˼
Ʋò½ڤȻһҲЩ˷ѾǧټҪ뿪ڤϾŵǧ֮УڤγԼе滷
ͱڤħˣȵȲͬ壬ϣڤһεħ֮УԣҲϣЩ˲Ҫʲô
½û˵ĿⶢŽʧķһĨЦ⸡Уζ
ƵǵǵĿһ۽뷿ĽģϣһβҪʲô飬ȻϹħƢڤڡ
ա
𴲵ʱħŮ֮û˱ˣŹǷڤҹ˯֮ǰһ飬ΪϹħڤҹа취
ĹĻϹħħ֮С
֪ˣ
Ů˵껰һ·һȥħ
һħΧܸоǿħڿУѹ˵ࡣ
ʱħڣڤҹλϣһ˫ӰţһƬ˪
ڵϵһħɪɪ̧ͷֻڤҹ۾
ħˣûκθϵġ

ħٶ˵һ仰ڤҹһӣħ˲䱻ɫĻմɳɢڤ֮У˷׷ģ³ɣǳΪ˻ҽ
Ҳûдڤҹֻվڴ⾲ĿţϾڤ飬ħ飬һûʸ֡
ġ
׼ҸضµʱڤҹǵӰʾ⽪ǰߡ
æ飬ҿͺá
Ͼħĵ̣Ҳôö֮ĳ֣ڤҹλԣӰ첻á
ûǰ֮ڤҹλߡ
޳ĴĶǰĳ˳
ôˣ㡣
ţɶ˼ѽ
İһڤҹ˿Щˡ
Ҫæţ
ްһЩ顣
ڤҹ۶ᣬһϮīǿʵ׼ʥҲаּµĸо֯ϣȴһҲΥ͡
զôÿ
ĿڤҹǿֹԼĽ࣬ԼΡ
ڤҹȻǽĵһٶС
ǷҲ̫ġ
Ǻǣҵϵһ֮ô
۱ӣֻİݲܳƵϵһ
ô
ˣ
ڤҹ˵ĸ֣ĵŽżʹڤҹա
׼ҽС
һ˫ȵС֣ڤҹЦÿ
¶Ҫ㣬һеʱСħûзӰϵħ
Ļǵ񣬵ֲܱ¶ݣԲ֪Լӡ
֮ڤҹȴʮŽģ˵Ǿ仰һýĵ

1213 Ϲʱ

1213 Ϲʱ
ڣκΣա
ֿֿУȵĿӳ˽ĵ࣬˵ů˵̤ʵ
һʱ䣬Ĳ֪οڣҧ촽ڤҹ˱˴ӦŶԷӰӣôʵ
һŮӳһ˶֮㺣ڤҹҪȥˡ
ħˣѾħ׼ȥɱʮһ֮ˡ

һ˲䣬ɱŷ
ڤҹδյħŮֻҪٶ˵һ仰Ὣʣ
濴˽һۣתȥת֮ʣеĶ֮ɫ쳣Ũҡ
һǰ裬оΡ
ں漴뿪֮ʣ½ںһЦжôֻ
ͣסŲһ׹⣬½
ұΪħ˶ŮҪħ֮ĹϵЩ
Цţ᲻֪½е˼
氡棬ǧʱ㶼ػħ˵ķӡĸĽĵĳʲôһô
Լ鲻ħ˷ģʱ䣬ħ˵úõ
£治½תȥ
½Ļȴӡ˺С
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˫ֽȭͷÿÿ뵽ģеĺޱԽŨҡ
ģ
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ڤҹʲôʱȥӲݣ
ڤʱͬҲôȥ
ڱǰĺ
ڣļٵģƭС
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ڤҹһۣĻ²˵ŴС顣
׻࣬Ϊܵõȥ˳Ľɶڤ
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ĸڤҹ˵ŵ׺͵顣
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׼תΪˣһǴǾݵľǲһģΪҪһһĽѡ
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ڤҹΪڤһĵճӣڤڤĲѡ
һеת䣬һꡣ

1214 

1214 
ڤ磬ڽ֮һԼϵ
ڤҹΪδڤѡǱ֮ˡ
ǣһеת䷢ˣڤ綯ңڤҹλݣ֮г׵֮ܵû
һ֮ڤҹΪǣܵܵİΣ֮ʱ̤ħ硣
תǧʱ䣬ڤҹһλصڤҹʱ򣬲ڤĵճӣħħˡ
Ϊħڤҹǿֶնɱڤһڷ֮ˡ
ʣħΪħڤҹܻصڤ磬ǣڤҹ뿪ڤ硣
飬˾ӦýˣҰӴҪͳһڽ磬ΪΨһףǿӲֶ̲磬ЩС岻Ϲ˳塣
Ļ޵ħΪħ֮ˣΪħħڤҹЩ߰顣
գڤҹڲɽмһŮŮŮӲһΪֹ˵ԣҲˣŮȴΪ˾һһ
ڤҹ֮Զ࿴ŮһۣΪŮһ仰֪ǵá
ǸŮ˵ʲô
۸ĺǺڤҹŮ񵽵˵ʲôڤҹǵڡ
Ů˵Ϊʮ֮һŮ񣬽Ҫ׶ʶ㣬Ͱ׻ˡ

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Ů۸壬ΪŮ˿ڣӱһ˲ᣬⲻǵڤҹ࿴ۡ
ҲΪۣŮڤҹ֮ʼˡ
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֮Ҳˣ򲻻˵ĵĶԴ
ĵĿ⿴ڤҹ֪ڤҹĺãΪŮתֻΪǽġ
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ֻΪ㣬ģ
һ仰ڤҹ˽һĴ𰸡
Ϊʲô
Ҫ֪ɣڤҹΪϹħ񣬰ϹŮΪת֮˲뱻˵Ʒһ㶼롣
Сɵϡ
ڤҹЦţ˫۽Ůӵ뻳У·Ҫһ
ҲΪˣڤҹЦԽܰΪСѾͷλˡ
ΪҴӷӡ߳ʱȫޣʱǰҵУռȫ硣
ҵǰҵУռҵȫ硣
ÿһ֣ÿһ仰ڤҹǶԽ˵ģϹŮ
ڤҹԼеǽġ
Ƴӡһ˲䣬ӡĸʱȫɥʧ
Ƕʱ棬һֱߣҲֻһʧȥѰ˶ѡ
СѾͷУֻǽġ
ڤҹش𣬽ǹ˲ɢ
һĨЦиֶԼ˷ܡ
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ʲôֻԵĲѼǡ
֣ڤҹôģݵһӺ͸ˣȴװʲô¶ҲûʲôҲ֪
ȣ˸·ȥ
ŽԼɬʵУڤҹеЦ

1215 ҵܴ

1215  ҵܴ
ڵĺ֮ǰĺڤҹһʮȤ顣
ĺǰһţε·ֻھͷʱ򣬶˴ٵġ
ûǴٵġ
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ڤҹ¿֮ЦжôȤζˡ
Ҳ֪ħ繫ΪڤҹȻڤħ·٣Ҫ֪ǻôһ顣
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ЦʵڱﲻסˣֻܶżѹסеĿЦ⣬
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֮УһĿƵпƬǰοŽĪҪ£ֻҪһЩǮЩӿѣģûж⡣
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Ȼڤҹһ˿˿ӿֶڤҹֵĻȺһǻҷ³
ڤҹ׼ǰٷ˵ʱ򣬽żڤҹļ
㶼ôˣͼСħ֡
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ĺȰȻ˵ĿĴ⣬Ϊ˴ļӿֹʵ˲ܡ
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ĸŮкܣ֮ΪһԵȥĸˡ
һĸ˵Ľֻۡ
Ųţҵǰ˵仰ҵܴ㡣

1216 ЦʲôЦ

1216 ЦʲôЦ
˵㣬ĵиʡ
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׶ڤҹҲ񣬶Ϲħ˴һ𣬵˭Ķһء
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һҹʱ䣬ĶȺĿͷ˯𣬵ĳ˵ȴʮּ尾顣

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Ǿ
ͷ
صѾˣɱŲ˶ӣҽʮĲ˶ëƤ˽ġ
ţҪôֻ࣬ҪžͿˡ
Щ˶ӶǴģһЩѾˡ
ЦţЩѾԺþõʱˡ
ҹĻ٣ſˮŻϿ͵Ĳ˶ӣ˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
⣬⣬Ҫ⣡
ڤҹڽߣزŽĿˮ
ǾٶҪôжôᣬֱЦ
ˣԡ
㰡
ѾȫƲڤҹеôʣֻгռŽĵԺ
һֻ˶ӱǹâ쳣˫ۺܿľͶ˵ڶδĲ˶ӡ
һֱֻ˶ӣĳŵֱá
ڤҹųԶ˵ĽĻصУеЦжôŨҡ
ЦЦЦʲôЦģû˳Զô
ˣһĻ벻ΪſҪķˣ
˵Զ˵ĽͦŶӣڤҹڽߣȷȷʵʵ๫ſҪĸˡ
ûʱ㡣
ֲ˶̫óˣڳԶ˵ĽĴҹû˯š
ֱڶա
ţлչˡ
˵ɶչ˲չ˵ģǰ·һЩѩ·ߡ
ŶҪСģѩ·滬
ŴǱ֮󣬱㳯ָķǰׯĳ׼ݶӵƤëˣûǮ
Ͼ˶һˡ
ڣʱ֮֮ǰĺڤҹ˵ǡ
ǲСΪǸʮΨһĳǹٵؾĳ쳣ķ֡
һ·˳ǣȻѾҹļַǷ
Ҹض׼˶ӵƤëҲȷʵʼֻۣû˼
ջԱߵϴүĳ˸⡣
˶ӵƤëȻã۸Ҳߣһ˶ӵƤëҲûɶû˷ǮЩƤëǮˣԶĺչɽȥҴԺԡ
ĺڤҹ˳ϴү˵ķ˺ҴԺ
ϴү˵һչɽбв˶ӵƤë
ʮŲ˶ӵƤëǮ
ܼģŽģЩƤëǮ
м۱ɣҶҲ·ǣøɽԴ㽫Щɽҡ

1217 ͬʹ

1217 ͬʹ
еĲ˶Ƥëӵļ۸
ϰ˻ǮִŵĽĵеӣҵӲ֮ǰѡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱҵӲݣңҲ֪ܲܳŵǸʱ
ŽΪǮӣվһԵڤҹ֣޳ָظŽĵգǰĳĿǰŮ
˷ģΪܾǧҲ÷̼ġ
仰ͦýһůǣôĳƺܲȥ
һҲˣڶ㲻๫ᡣɶõ׬Ǯ
˵úϹħʮԲԲȣһҪԺ˯
ңҪʲô벻Ǯ˶ѰˣʹΪȲ˵ΣղΣյ⣬Ǯ֮ء
Ҳʵˡ
ҪȻ
ڤҹһſεݣĺٺٵЦ
ҪȻˣȻ֪ʲôļǮٰٰʮеġ
ⲻ
ڤҹӽеȻѾͷʲô
ˣ㿴ʲô
ڤҹƣһźɫ쳣ҫۡ
飿˵
У֮ϻȡ
ΪѪҪٱж١
Ȼ磬ΪӲݵĹϵϹħʲôʱɢΪϹħѪҺ顣
ֻҪĸˣҪٱж١
ڤҹѪʱ򣬽üͷ
ħƵ˵ȷʵڳ˵ı죬ԣڤҹѪҲϡ棬Ǵǰôû㣿
ǰѪôɺɫ飬УһţԲУʱ򻹵˷ʱ㡣
ڹΪô
ڤҹϵЦݣķ˸ۡ
Ǻ֮ҪһƿȥѰӲݡ
СڻУû˵ʲôǮǮ顣
ΪѪҺ֮ڴǰû飬ΪʱΪķӡδɢ
ڤ֮ϢӡȫȫĳƣʵѾָĲ㡣
Ŷ˵ˣħսܾôڽ룬˵ûôᱻӡ
ΪΪӣΪŻϸϸ˵
ڤҹأһСϡ
˵Ͳ˵ʲô˲ģҶ֪Ƶġ
ڤҹôǮǮĿǰ±⡣
ҹɫŨңڤҹһջסȻǮֻö˺סһ䷿ӡ
ң˯˯ף
ڴϵĽĻŽޣʾڤҹ˭˯ϣԽ׳һǺǣǾͱˡ
Ӳѹŵ磬ϹħҲǸˣ˭˭
ʵܲסţĴ˸Ƿűӽ磬ȫĳ˻Խ硣
ҹɫ˯ϵڤҹһ̾ϢţҲͬʱΪеˣǵġ
ɺ޵СѾͷ
һҹ޻ĳŮ˯ǽһ𣬿ɿĳϹħˡ
𴲣ĺڤҹ緹֮㳯ŽĸɽǰС
˵ܾþͺǰĸɽһʥҩݱӲݣֲ
ԣ˵Ŀİʦǰĸɽ
ڵĹҽĸɽ࣬Ǿĸɽ̫ԶֻҪյ·̱ɵĸɽ
Ҳǲеҡ
ûշеĺڤҹֻͽǰǰĸɽ
ӣץסץסӣǵͰ
ԽһƬɽ֣ͰĲݴ֮Уһֻӳڽĵǰ
ѵʳͳǰвץĵ
ĴߴڤҹأڣӼ֮ʱڤҹһץסӵĶ䡣
ССҪ£ϲȻζĻϲ嵭ζ
ЦķտνڤҹԼһЦĺŸ
ڤҹҲʮʳȻĳдѧϰҪĵĳպǧٱ
ңյʱ棬ڤҹѧҰտζĿ⡣
ѷžڻԱߺˮ۾ֱĶڤҹڿӡ
㰡

Ŀˮ۾ɢ⡣
ˣǻһյ·̱㵽˽ĸɽѰҵӲݣصŲ
ڤҹһտ⣬һ˵ʵ
ʱԺΪܰĹ⾰ֻǣһѰҵӲݣصŲ֮УҲһη롣
ڤҹ˵ĻĬƬ̣⼸ûûεЩ磬ֻѰӲݶѡ
֪ΪΣһ˿˿ʧ֮С
һĸоʧڤҹļϡ
ôվоɢ֮Լ棬һټʱҲҴӡʱ򡣡
ַֺϺоɢϰ߾ͺá
ο֮ԼδѾ棬һǰһαڡ
˵룬ټʱڤҹǴӦ⿪ӡ
ңţٴʱһᵽ񾳣Ϊֻܳܵ˷ӡ֮ʱľ޴
ڤҹû˵ЦŽġ
ʲôǲǾǿޱȣ㻹Ҫһǧ˰ٶ౶
Ȼʲôʱǡ
еЦԽŨңڤҹƺԼҪĴ𰸡
Ӻˣֵܣ
˹ˣûйƵⱻսһ顣
۵ĽĲҪҪģ۰Ͱ͵Ŀŵϱӵһ齹⣬޲ü
ˣܳˡ
ڤҹô᲻֪ĵĲ¼ϵȥ
ϧˣѾûǮˣҪʡŹ
ţΪ֪ǵɽˮĵزΪҲİװֵģԣѾ˲ܳˡ
ҰҰ죬ڤҹĽ飬Ŀӽתߡ
գĸɽɽ¡
Ӳݳʲôģ
УӲӦһɫĻ
ڤҹҲЩˣӦӡ
ɫĻΪʲôҪӲݣô
˹ˣΪʲôҪһݵ֡
˽˽ĸɽɽľ鲼洦˼߳š
ڲԶɽϣһɫСʯƮҡ
ǸǲӲݣ
ļǰܵʯϣȥժӲݡ
ʱһâΧڽߣС
ڤҹ
ôˣ
һժӲݣҲˣͻصŲ
ˣΪǵ֮Լ
һĨЦ벻ḡڤҹУڽʧһ˲䣬һڤҹǰ
ЩǮţټ֮ʱңһǮ٣
ŽĵʧҲɢ֮䡣
ˣúñԼΪ뿪ڤ֮ʱǰˮס
ڤҹеǮͬʹ֤

1218 Ϲ

1218 Ϲ
ڴʱһӰӳڤҹһϮµڤҹγĶԱȡ
ڤҹǲӰδ
ڤҹȻ֪ΣΪλҪΥ
ŲǱˣǾ
Ŀⲻ񣬷˺⡣
Ϲʱ㲻ںʲôƨֺں
ڤҹ˫ָ󣬺ɫħ¸ȫǿѹǵصϮ
ӲȷȷʵʵѹסϹħڤҹڣӲʧˣҲˣҲָħ
Уһˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڤҹعδе飬̤ʱ֮Żصĺ
һһʲô˼ǳ˶֮û֪
񻺻̾һŽʧķеĮɢʣµֻʹࡣ
ģתˣΪλҪִڴˡ
һ̾Ϣм̫̫˵׵
ΣһصޣԲᣡ
һߣص˾Ų֮еĽӲݣһ˫֮мִ͡
ϲ㣬ɣ뿪Ųˡ
ߵýĵ˼صſյľŲӸӲݡ
أ
⼸˻δԴӾп顣
Ӳ֮㽫˾УҸ߽ĲԶһţƿ֮ǳˡ
£߲ͣƬ̵ʱ䣬½ʳʲôȻ
վھǰĿžеĻκȣ˴ʱ˿ϹѰҪɵ
Ϲ
ҲܣﶼˣˣҸʲôдʲôʫʣأ
ˣΧȺеĸһһλصϹ˵Ϊϴһѹš
ʲôŲӰԴƨˡ
㡣
κҡҡͷȻҲǺܰյҪʲôȻѾϹҪ񷽿뿪
㣬³ǰŮ᲻ʲôΣգ
˵ֻѰҶѣ֮ԺĽ˵ҪΣյö࣬ҡ
ÿÿ뵽ųŮһȺݺݺŮΧסκȵͲ
ģųǻһ׼һˣһѹ˵ŮվǰҲῴһۡ
ʮֿ϶ţκȲҪųƷ⣬ȻҲ³̻ʲô۶ӡ
㣬㲻³̸ô
İ³Ůʲô¶ĻҾף˾¼ҾӾѣ̬źãţ
ЦģЦκȷ
ʱѹѾǰϹȻһϹǰµʱ䣬ϹѾ˼ꡣ
ȻִϹȨԾϷҡ
ˣȥϷʡ
һдʫˣһôڷڶǰǴ˼ȻˣϷҵ˰æ
ڣϹĶǡ
ʹܽȥġ
Ҫǻʵۡ
Ϊ˭ʵ۱ܼô
κӰ࣬˱Ϊ˻ʹ⡣
ʱһԱģ˴ӻʹ˳һٸ÷硣ΣԶ֮
ʲôˣ
ˡ
ĳϹľӷ
˵ĻСҪʹұ£ְͽ˸ϳȥ
ôңҪӼ˰Ϸ˶ڵô
ȻϷΪϷ˶µļƻô˵Ҳڹؼʱ̾Ϸ˶ҪȻϹĻǲϷһ廹˵׼ء
ľӷĿ⿴ŻκȣֶѰкܴĲͬ
λǲĻ뱾˵һУȻλĻ
ģ
üͷ¿ľӷ硣
Сӳģģɾ͸żթĹâһǸĻˡ
ɣһء
ҲľӷˣʲôУȵĶҩΪʱɥʧΡ
ľӷ뿪ʹУ˵ŶϷĿģԼ˲ǵһϷ
ֵܣܱܲÿɵӵı鿴˵滰
Ǹֻһʱܲ˶ѣϷļ֮Уȷȷʵʵйһеƪ¡
ľӷֻʱܲˣյ˵ǰλСӡӦλѾˣɻ˵ᡣ
ľˣҺڵʱġ
ľӷû˵κȴҲʣŶ֮Իݵԭ⡣
λĻλñ°æ
ԣˡ
˵ͷʲôдʫ֮ʲôôŵ飬ǰϷľӷ羹Ȼ
ǻˣͽ˵ɷץˡ
λĻסڱٵĸϣ屧Ѿյʱδϳȵ念֮󣬱ٱ㽫λ֪¿ɺá
ǼһʵˣǸð

ҲǸ˼ҽʦֻش׹ǵҽÿԸǻʵ۱¿
Ȼòˣλһϣձڱٽ
ľӷĿ⿴˿κȡ
ȻλĻֻŷĻҪλﻻŮװɡ
ˣȫס
κϹۡϢ
ľӷóԺúȵдŶˣգ˱ľӷǰϹʹʵβ
ڽ֮ǰľӷѾʵϷ˵ϸԣýܣϷҲ˵
ڿκȵʱ򣬶Զ˵Ųɡ
ȿȣλŮ
ˣñǡ
ϷڵɫʾϷ±ǡ
λұŵĻһģһ
Ϸ֮УһֱŽģκȺͻ˵ĻҲΪϷ̽һ۾˶˵ݡ
ʱ£ʹ֮ǲǷһЩ飬޷͵󣿡
κ΢΢üͷϷʱһۡ
ƸǶӡ÷ڣǱа¡
κȴ˻֮ϷһƬ֮󣬻˻ʾ鷿ڳľӷͶ֮ȫ˳ȥ
ʱ鷿֮Уֻʣľӷ磬κȺϹĻʵϷ̡
λŮ񣬿ɿʲôô
£а֣û´ĻӦаĳû
ľӷʹһ·ҲûʲôаϢ鷿Ϸɢһ˿˿Ϣ
仰˵Ȼᱻȥͷ
λ޽޷顣
ϷҲΪڣ˵Ŷʹзһϵй¡
е鶼ҪӰǰ˵

1219 

1219 
ǰϷ̳Σ;һ˼ͣϢ
һʮֲѰŷ֣һҶа֮ˣ㽫ɱ
Դˣصʹ֮󣬻ʹб㷢ָĹ¡
ϷҲõɮѹаǸɮȴڷ̳֮С
ҲǴտʼ״ÿԽ¡
ҺλŮ·
ˣǰ²а°æ
ϷŽףϾаС
λŮֱ˵ǣֻҪܲаޱȻسŵ
˵ܼ򵥣һдʫ֮ˣԼһ
Ȼдʫ˲ѰдʫˣҲѰ
λŮɻиΪϿô
ûУ
£˳κȵ½ǣκע鷿ϵһĨ
Ҳ֪ôһ¶ϴϹѹʲô񣬶ĿϷϵĺԼ鷿ϵһɫӰӡ
Թ
һԹκȳŻҡҡͷڲҪݾΪá
κȸϷ̿һЩҩһһʱѹаħľӷصۡ
ˣ֪˵Ǽ飿
ֻãҲǴ˿е֪
ձ΢ѲڹдΪ£ҲǴ˿е֪ɡ
ΪλŮµɻ
ˣǱĥգҵ֪ĺǻʵ˵һΪϸŵԹ
Ϸڴׯһ˼Уǻ˼а㽫ɱ
ΪλǿԹ
ֱ߻ǲ֪顣
ҹɫϷڴϣһ߿Źһߺκ˵Լеʡ
ȣ㷢ûԹǿ󣬲ֻϷ̡
Ϸ̲ʮ꣬ΪʵⲻѪ
ԣҲʮֺ飬Ľ˵о壬Īаû룬ϷΪλᱻԹ
һͣϷ̲ӣڶͣϷ̫ȱµ飬֮޷ڸǿԹ
Ҫ֪ϷΣľӷʲˡ
ߣȥ֡
á
κ֪ҪʲôϽֵȥ̽һϷǲһþ
ӽͷʼβ˲ʮˣˣСˣŮˣɱӣҲӵϴүȵȵȵȡ
ÿһ˿ʵ۶ֻһ֣һ仰֮ȵȵȵȡ
ô¶ô
üͷѵ˵ô
λҪ֪ʲôô
ʱһ߳ڻκǰڵżҰ׵ͷ£һ˫Ϲ˵۾ȴֱֱĿŻκȡ
֪ʲôô
λ֪ģҶ֪λ֪ģҲ֪
һ£عСӡ
κȸȥֻ߿ǽеĹָָǰ롣
Ҫʵɱ¶һһӡ
ûֽñĶô
˵ţκȴӻóһҩݡ
һҩݿʧֻҪÿսһƬҶӷ۾ϣʹձɡ
κȵΪѹţ޷ָȻҲûǮ
һ·ߵϹǮǻɽģŵ˶ǡ
֣еҩݣζ󼤶Ľ½С
⡣
Уһҩ㹻ǧ˰ٸˡ
һʳ˵һ⡣
Ϸ̣ϹĻʵΣҪҲ֪顣
ǿҪ֪ɲʲôǧŵĻ֪֪飬źִ֮顣
ʵ۵һ˫ֲմѪȣǰϷʾˣɰȴɱ㣬ǵƻʳӷѣôϽյı
ΪȨΪ˵λΪǸ߸ϵλã˭˲Ķ
һˣڶʲô
ߴߴŻϽʵڶ⡣
Ϸ΢ɱһаĴ廧ô¶
ߣаĴ廧
仰ʱЦôǶǳЦݡ
黹Ҫ˵Ϸıʳ˻ʵ۱飬Ϸû뵽ԼӻʳӵĺʹԸ񣬱Ȼնݳ
߸κȺͻ˵Ǵ廧ǵݣǵĻʳӺá
Ϸ̵õǵϢǰ廧ȻʳӺý翵Ĳرͼҽһӵ˶ɱ
Ҿ˵Բ򵥡
˫޷ֵԹȻϷе顣
㣬ǵǰﻹǲ
ֹʺһ˰ڱĩ
ǸӵŮˣȻͬۡ
ԼԼеѭ飬ǲ֡
ˣǻԼңǻԼڣҪǰߣĴȥɡ

1220 ޳ܣ޵

1220 ޳ܣ޵
ĩ£޳ܣǲ޵С
κȱϷаڿûҪ
˴߿е֪Ϸ̵飬ԼΪаȵȡ
㣬߰ɡ
ţۡʰһԽ뿪Խãñ˸ĵ
صۡѾһʱ֮ˣκȹľӷеŶ˶
ȥ
ˣʵ۲ʲôöµĹԱмõģҪǵ顣
ʰ˰׼뿪ȴľӷסȥ·
ľӷ磬Ȱ뿪ۡ˳ҵĶ֡
Żľӷ磬Щҷûʸ񱻳֡
λձҪаôҪˡ
һֻλϵаλھˣҲѴ̡
аߣϷԼµǾͲöʣй飬ǲŲء
Ϸ̣һһ
ľӷһ㶣ת̬˾ȻĶˣ㲻֪ôһ¶Ҳ³һ
λλһʲôᡣ
᣿ʲôᣬ߱ɱֳֳߥλһڶΪѰҲرͼɱ˻ʳӵĺˣ˺εºܳΪһֲ֮֮޷Թ
ĻľӷĲ롣
λˣȻ֪λǴӺδЩ飬λȷȷʵʵˡ
ľӷԾŻκȡ
λǲҵ˵տɽ׿һʱ£³ţǾԲƭλ˵ˣҹλҪȥ
ĵľӷȰ˵˵ŶˣҲʮӦƬ̣
ɣҾҪϷʲôý͵ġ
գϹʹ
鷿УϷŲص巭ţΪзĹϵ״̬࣬վϷߵϷ誣ϹĻӣҲǽҪ̳Ϸλˡ
誶ȥЩλŮ˵
ǣʡ
Ϸ뿪鷿֮ʱĿκȵϣмֺ֮⡣
Ϸȥʱ鷿ֻʣκȻϷˣԼڷԹ
λҪʵѾˡ
Ϸ̽е۷һԣһ˫۾κȣʾһԡ
κȿ˱˴һۣǰϡ
λŮҪ޵飬Լɱ˻ֺ˵ɡ
ȻϷ˶Ҫʵ⡣
£ǶǳˣֱӴ촰˵ɡ
СŮ޵ӻϷصһ
ϷЦˬʵЦǵûֱü
ʲôϷмصһϷ缸ʱ䣬Ϸ˶ôġ
ֵΪʳӣ԰ȵļ̳ϷλʲֵĵвˣŽλܡ
Ϸ˵ŵ߱ɱʳӵһĻ
ʳϷΪĻȻ˫ΪϷĻӣض̳Ϸͳ
ǣǵĻʵ۷ԼĶӲʺʵۣбǽϷ罻δضϷĽѡ
Ϊ˲ϷǧĻҵԼУʵ۾Էϳ̫ӣΪϷ̫ӣϷǻϷӣԲϲ
˭δĻʵۣúõĸֵܣϷ罨øá
ǣõģʵȴǲпޱȡ
̫Ϸ֪ʵ׼̫ӵǣҹ췴ɱ˻ʵۻɱʵۣ׼ѪϴϷʳǡ
ϷΪ˱ˣΪ˱Ϲǵÿһֵ߱飬ΪϹĻʵۡ
ڣΪҪɱϷ˵飬ȷȷʵʵΪǸرͼ
λŮӦҲ֪ϹΪλˣŲرͼռľ顣
رͼŵľĸڣǽľĸٻϹҲʹʧϡ
ΪϹ޾Ѫֺη
վɱ̫࣬
˻棿
Ϊ佫ҵŮӵȻ֪ҪУκΪκĹҲ׻ʹȡᡣ
Ϸ̵ͷ߻ֻҪ΢һʹ˶ȥ
һ֮ˣûбҪ˵ѡ
޾֮ǰûʶһ˵ĸһ߱ɱֳĴλȨ֮ˡ
ŸԸԹΪľǲӰ
Թⶫܹһ
ϷȫԹԹӰ쵽˺֮ˡ
㣬ҪȻÿ
κϷ˵ô飬ڻʹ֮ǻ᲻ûʼ֮˵Ѵ
ðɣ֮ĽԾɳ
վʾϷ׼ҪĶ
ڵǶʱ䣬ȥ˲飬Щ鶼ǹڷһЩ鼮бôаȵȡ
֪ΪʲôԷԽԽȤˣڿó
Ϸ׼Ҫһзһ׼һЩûʲôõĶ
ܲܰЩߣҾҪɰֽȪˮ
һϣʲô󹫼ֶڷŵĵǣӦоС
ڻһ£ֻ˼ŻõֽţɰȪˮ
㣬ɶʱ򻹻һ֣
ǻ㲩ѧţ˽֮ԽԽԽϲоЩˡ
Ӵᣬ÷ķֽһһڷ֮ϣϷȦС
㣬Ǹʲô
赲Թ֣ЩԹҲͻԶ£ˣΪϹˮתʧȥΪҲ赲Щаһҿŵ档
κȱϾϹˮתӦе㣬еðɡ
ҡ
ϹˮõĻһڴԺҲᱻйһֱ׷ˡ
ⲻ֪ǰκϹˮĴвδûʲôЧá
ɵĽ罫Ϸ̻ʱ򣬾˵ԹҲԴͷʼӴԽŨҵĺɫԹϵĳײ鷿УһƬ˷
𣡡
ͻȻ䣬ɫԹγһӰӰڣ·ֳ֮
˶ʲô£ԩͷծô
ԹۼӰһŭ𣬷ֲ˻Ů˵
㡭˵һ飿
ܲϲԹ˵üͷ䡣
Ȼ֪ͱˣղҪ϶ɱˣҲҪꡣ
ԹĿ겻Ϸ̣ҲתƵκȺͻϡ
ߡ
ЦһӣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
볬ȥֻأҲʡ¶ˡ
һ罣
Ƶѹ֮£κʧȥΪҲѹƵĲʣһϾǿһ޷ģҲܽȫѹơ
罣֮ʱһ

1221 

1221  
ԹɵĺӰŻκȳ˹ȥ׼˵ɵ
罣Ӱ档
罣Ž꣬ϹΪҵ֮ףѪɱȻԹ
ǻҷҵģ
ԭ㽫ЩԹƻɢĻЩԹҲֻأ޷תΪˡ
ЩԹʹڷҪǶҲУҪȵꡣ
ǺǺǣ˭ĵӣ
Цƾˣڳԣ
Թδһ˵ĴСȻֱմ鷿
ΪнĴڣϷ̱ڽ֮УκԹ
ΪϹˮκԶγһϣԹϮ
㣬Сģ
ģЩҵĶ֡
ΪѹʱʧΣһССԹѡ
Ų֮УžзĽĽ˫ȭȫһ亹Ϊκȵţ˵ǣԹ塣
ģ
֪С¶Ѳ
Ů³̣ųȻ˺ܶࡣ
ŮϹһ˵ΪܵƵѹơ
ǣŮˣǶô𾪵һ顣
ңŮĹʱ˿ǣ֣еǰı顣
Ӵǣôһ¶ôһգ۵ĹͺŮˣ
ۺ棬һ澵ǰ˵ľ
ʱŮ
˵ɶʱ뿪ҿɲŮȥˣ낳Ѿҵˡ
³̱ʾ˵ѾˣҲʱ뿪Ůˡ
ɲŮٺķʱˣҪǱ֪Լɻû뿪Ǻ롣
磬Ϊңʱ䣬Ůտɺá
ŮĹ⿴еİռ˫ۣİ·ȵǧһ㡣
üͷҪܾǻڵʱȴ˻ȥ
ա
ãձɡ
˵յޣ³̺ų˷׷˽ü
Ů֮УΪŮеˣסĹԵʳġ
ôģ
ֱڣ³̵üͷһѾʱصŲΪʲôҪŮ˷ʱ䡣
ڳϣһĨ֮ɫ
ô
һ仰³̺ųЩ⣬ʲô˼낳鲻Ѿõô
񣬱ԶصŲ֮У֮ԻŮ֤ǵûɡ
һо˵һǵûɣȻ֪ôһ£ʵˡ
˸ǵˣڵӦóھŲĴ֮УǻŮС
ԣҪ˵ʱ䣬᲻ᴥʲôԵ˻ȥ
⻰Ҳе
³̵˵ͷ⻰˵ҲǺеġ
㲻⶯˰ɡ
վһԵųĿ⼸ӵζ̫֮˽ˣְĽ޷Ƶıŷţᶯġ
һų磬Ƭ֮ҡҡͷ
֪һжֻʵҷֵ
侲ȻֵʲôӦȥʲôӦȥ
ŮѹȺҲʵ⣬ǣվǲͬĴڣǿһֻǿʹܰ뿴飬ҲԲ鷢
˵³Ưвҵ낳飬һжչ˵ǡô
³̵һ仰ųĿ׷Ͷ֮е·˵㲻˰ɡ
³̣仰ûˣ֤ȫᱻˡ
ͣͶʲô˼ôϱԶµһûκŮܱȵϣôУ
һʮǿҵ³Լô˵ֻǵͣûʲôĶ
˵ңŮةǳʾ˲ٵȤʱʱһЩС⣬
³ָ̽ųϣųһЦı鿴³̡
ֻȣػҲֻһˡ
֪֪ˣڳһؿɼı飬ֶĵġ
ųĵĲҪҪģ³Щ˳
ʼĩ˲ų磬ųѾΪ˱ĩһӣеת˲⣬ôȻ
뿪ŮĲˣϱ
³˫Ժ񶥵ĹиҲ֪ϱôˡ
ϱϹֱѹΪ浣Ⱥ᲻ʲô
ȫ˾綾ڵعʱʶ߽ĻκȥϹһС
Ⱥ˵ĿǶһˣÿÿ뵽˴³ĵŭ㲻һ
Ů֮УƲϹĻκȡ
ԽԽԽԽꡣ
ҹɫŮ
˼˯֮ʱŮ˹г
񣬱롣
ŮΪ񣬵Ůֻһˡ
³ųһЦ˵ŷ
ҹǺĪҪ˷ִǡ
˵˵ŷҪĪҪʲô˵е顣
һ۶ˣתŹŮǰŮڵ޹
޹УķеëʣĵֳֳŮĻϲ밮Ľ
磬һ㡣
⻭֮Уվͷгɡһʱ龰
磬Ϊһֱüͷ
Ҫƽšŵüͷ΢΢һ㿪ָ䡣
磬ô
ǡ
̾һбҪе鶼͵װףԼ뿪ԺΣ˵һⲻĽ١
£Ըһȥ԰ߡ
ã˵ʲôʲô
Ůһ㣬ǰסֱۣһΣû㿪Ůһرֱۣһʧ
԰Уɫ£˵Ӱվڻ֮Уٻʢ¹пŮòĲɷ
֪ôСұһΣ¹еĻ԰һӵ󣬿Űٻʢ
˵ԼСʱظŵΣǴʱ˿̵һĻ
¹ŴأҲڶ˵ϡ
һӢ˵ֱۣǵУ˵ۣ˵ܰ
ΪֻǸΣֱһ죬ͷεӣ֪һж찲ŵԵ֡
⣬ǲһˡ
֪һˣߣҪˣһҶ֪

1222 ǧҲҪ

1222 ǧҲҪ
Ծֱۣͷؿϣеİ˿ûаּˣ֮ΪŨš
һУ֪
֪粻Ůˣ֪ԼҪȥҲ֪Ϊʲô
Уεˡ
ǣʱ䣬ֻҪʱͺãֻ̰յá
磬Ǹôģҽô
ڵʲôġ
㡭Ҫʲô
Ȱ˵⣬֮䲻κνо޷⿪һж˵װס
ò顣
˵ŮӣеĹâ˵Ĵ߼˵ڵĻ˻ȥ
ʲôãϰʶ˰
ĿҪ֪顣
ΪʲôҪ֪Щ
šĻȥҺѽ֪һֻ֮ʱ㲻·
Цܰӽš
˵˵ôġ
ڵ硭ܰΣա
˵ڣ˵˵žŲ˵֡
ǽ˵ÿһֶӡԺ֮С
ҹɫѾ롣
⿿˯˹ȥ
Ż˯Ůӣ̾Ϣһص˹С
⣬һԵ֣Ҳ˺㡣
£غ뿪˹
ʱԭڴѾ˯ȥ⻺ſ˫͸ŰҲ͸űˡ
֪磡
ԲĸԸĸԸ
صס·³̺ųˣ³žƺһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
һ
ãһ
Ǿ仰ˡ
⶯ôȻˣ˳ģȻǶˡ
ǣ֪ˣǿһĺ룬ңڵΣգŮĹ
ؽ֯һ𣬶˸ûн
쵶ն飬ܱȼҪõġ
ߣߵĴɱħǳΪнⲻĽ٣谭С
ųţܿʵ񣬲Ƕѡ
Ⱦƣ
ɱ
һյʱ䣬˶ûм⣬תۼ͵˵ա
λūǰ̳Ҫλȥ
ģ
һܻȥ³˫˲ԲˣųڹŮǰ̳
ʱ˿̵̳УһʥЦֻһˡ
磬ԼѾˣǻȥ
վ̳֮УʾվԼΧ
⣬Ŀԡ
磬֪ǿº磬ֻ谭˺С
ʵʲôֻ֪̰ѣҲˣ˽ǵܵõʧȥ
ֽ֣ؽֽ֮С
磬Ӧһô
˵
һâɢ˵ӰҲʼ͸
̳ʧǰųΪõЦ⡣
⣬ʮʮ껹ǰ꣬ת֮ȥ㡣
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ĳŵԱ˵翵ĻǶ˵ȷʵõ
âʢһ˲䣬ʧ̳֮ڣӰҲ̳Уɫɷס
֪˻ȥķӱŮĹΪۿ̳
յʱ䣬ѾźŮһУ԰ĵˡ
ǰ뺮Լûʲô¸˵أǼ
Уֵˣ
磬Ӧңǧ֮ڲȢޡ
ңһȥ㡣
վھԵĽ΢΢üʱų³Ҳص˾Ų֮У˲֪Լص˾ŲʲôΪۡ
˳ھŲʱ򣬾еĻҲʧȫޣһƬ֮ɫ
ģ
У˻ġ
Ļعųǰˣһɨǳ
һó̲㡣޷ǷȻȴϹǲӦúǺú˵˵Ůľ
զ֪ԣûɶ޸˸֤
³Ȼ֪һ˵ıôһ¶ַı֤Լףûʲôݺݺࡣ
Сģ
˵Ŀ϶һ澵дԵ
УԺڴսһͷ͵ľޣ޵Ƕ˵İ˱ڣǣžޣٿ߾𹥻߾޵㡣
ǧһ֮ʣ߾ľΣ֮ͻһ㣬ӷ֮ת֮
֮бŷһ̣һ˲㱻ɵĸɸɾתۼΪ˻ҽ
ҲΪˣһԵȥһԾץס˵µ
ڶ˼׹Ԩһ̣˵Ӱޣһص˾Ų֮С
ļǰΪһŵҩ
ްֻ߾̫Ϊһʱ仹Ӧ
ķҲãҲգ˵Ϊ٣Ȼ޽羭һδοս
ʱһߣκҲϹص˾Ų֮С
Դ˱ĩ˸ȫ˸Ե
ϱ໣ϱ
ȣûˣ
³һͳȥųڼκȵʱҲĿǽκȱڻС
¿ʵĶһɡ
ʱҲ˹³һ
ݵϢƬ֮߸뿪˾Ųŵһ̣һ쳣۵ĹâϮһ룬˺Ļ
ǣĩǼСħ
û뵽û뵽ǾȻȺɽһ뿪Ų
ѹˣ׬ˣһ׬ˣ
ȺĻ˸һʱЩãȻվ֮УһյĹ֮˾ͽ뽨ҲӾŲ뿪
Ѿһֵıĩˣ뽨εЦЦ
ǱȺСȣ˴ҡ
ʦ֣ʲô۲۵ģҪ㣬ҾǸ硣
Ȼĩһ֣ɽ˲û٣֮ڴĩֵཻĻᡣ
ǣһϿʵڱĩ˾ͽǰ
ǽĵȰˣ˾ͽһʮˣǶûбμѡҲ˵һǰһͨ˾ŲҲѡû˿Ĺϵ
һ仰˵ѡûʮ˸ķݶ
˵ȻûʲôȴҲջնࡣ
Сߣųޣ˽īѩƺ˵ΪʵķԾһԵĴڡ
ܾʲô顣
ǲǰϹ¶ˡ
ǾȻѰϹһɶ
Բۣ԰ôôҪˣ
ǸܲȥŲ
ѯؾŲʸ񣬵ȴһɤӺ˻
ΪŲҺ԰ͽͳ

1223 

1223 
Խĵ˵Ųˣ׼ȷ˵ѡҲˡ
ֻΪӦŵϯλϿžŲ߳Ĳڵӡ
ǽĵˣ˾ͽԼɽһڵڹϯϿһӾŲ֮߳ˡ
Ҫ˱ôЩ˻ѡǰʮ
ͬ⣬ǸϱȻѡǰ
˵Щʲôá
ε̾Ϣһǵһ̤˾ŲʲôϵûμѡûεòӦеĽ
ʦ֣ǲǾúΡ
һ˾ͽڵķ򣬳ŲӺһ䡣
˴˱˴ˡ
˾ͽӦ˱˴˱˴֡
еģ̾ϢҲеģջĩ๲ͬսǴξ
ʵ֤ĩѾǴǰķ༶Ӽ˺ɽ֮һϸµ
һѡһ
һ˴ӾŲ߳һεѡǳ׵׵Ļˡ
ĲľŲʤ˭ĵô˵顣
ҹɽ壬ҩͱĩİ˸ΧԱߣʳɢ˵
ų罫õʳικߣǾٶʮǣŻ
磬עһЩôǻᶼǻˣ뱻Ƕ
ǿѡ񲻿
ųһԼΪκƤжôĿɰˡ
ǼС˶ʵΪʲô̶ȡ
ûиоСӵΪԵһʵķԾ
ٺ٣
ò˵͸ɵ
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ոޣһΪΪа͸ɵֻȥҪȻһʦҩүүʶһ¡
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ΪСѾͷǴﵽľ磬ˡ
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뽨Ϊ˱Լ֮飬һôǿ
֪ĩƴƳǵ飬ԣһϵʱ䣬ʹʦֱ壬ΪľȺʦʦǳʲô۶
չأҩүҲȶˣһֳʲô¶Ҳճʮħ黹ûнȺĳʲô飬ҲΣ֮С
ʲôԭʹʦȺһϵʱ䡣
ӵ˯İȣʡµö˸ʮִ̼һ
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ôˣҪǴʦּʱסǣּ粢żҪˡ
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ǵ£ȥʱץסҪǴʦּæץס˽ģϾǶ˵ļô
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ģǸմӾŲУ˵鲻Ӧίǣ¹شҲֻǰˡ
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ĸǲеıʲôĴڣΪһ𾪵ı顣
ԣǴܡ
˵Źڱҵ顣
һĴ壬˭Ҳ֪½꣬ҵ׿Խӵܽʾ֮ˣϲٳǰֻк֪ڡ
һʦڣͶҩԣܵĽ̵ҽΪǳΪ𶯰˷Ĵڣ˳ƴ
һűǴڤױддһŵڣҳ飬ڵҽϺõķϣǰҡ

1224 а

1224 а
ܣ
ԣܣ
ܣҩĵһͽܣ˵κȵʦ֣Ϊô飬дżڳ֣Ȼʲôش顣
ԣҩ֮£ɳĸǰ֧Ԯ
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첻Ըȥҵİ;ϣһźӰĴţĸҲֻе޺֮ڸ·ˣǵͣ˶ɺǰҡ
껩ţĸУȼճž죬ſ
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֪ҲǴүүе֪һ˵ҵ˸Ķţ˵һ߱ҡ
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аֱָǺڵа֪漴а֮ʱСȻ۵һ
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ҲȥϢɣȵߡ
⺢ô죿
ָһ⣬⺢ǸߣôϾҪǰңھҲյ·ˡ
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ʲô
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µûĻӦĳּӦ棬Ҫʲôġ
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һʱ֮˿ǰУѾ޺ˡ
һǰǲòСŮһǰС
ҪҪȥң˵׼ᷢʲô飬СŮ¶˵ġ
ƣҪȥһΣպΣյĵطǰСӵŽòãȽʹڡ
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Ϲ˵ôƯĺӵȻŮˣôʼƵòô
ָƻ£˿ڣкŮ᲻֪ô

1225 

1225  
ʲôʱ޺õģ˲֪糿ǸĶǼʲôͼҲûʲôϵ
صĿıǰҡ
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СӰСôˣ˭ӵġ
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ΪڱĩѧԺΪĵӣȻҲΪܵʦãΪһݱϣϲ

1226 ʩ

1226 ʩ
һӣһâгһö߲ʰ쵵ӡ
ᣬǲͬһᣬٻѪҪúñǡ
˵ţİӷǰڿһ˲䣬һž㵵ı顣
û뵽ڵĵӻóôصĵӡ
˵ˣڱĩ಻Ƿϲľۼ֮ôôôĶĪ͵ģ
˾һΪʵͬĶаġ
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ү˵ĸˣʱ˽Ųүһ˳᷿ܵʧǰ
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̫ûòˣСүҿҵС̫үǾȻôҡ
ʩһδ򿪷ţŽ
һâķ΢΢̧纮һ㡣
ѡҪôҪôųȥ
ʩǱĵסˣεĿԼĻš
СүļңСүƾʲôߣ˵ˣǽˮ鿵һСүҲˣҪͼڵĻֻҡ
ʩץסĵҪܵЦķ

1227 ӵ

1227  ӵ
ٺ٣֪ôģɣһ׿ɺá
һԼ˵׼˼˵ʩ˷ŵλϣҲ½һξٶһ
أҲûʲôҪֻҪҵڵʱһɡ
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Ĳ⣬ǰү뿪ҵСźĸס
ˣҪˣʲôֶΡ
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ŶҵҪ֪ʵʲôУȻ֪ʦʲôطΪβȥһء
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Ȼʩ֪ںδΪβǰ֮ҪͨǵĿҪ֪⡣
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һҵΪĸ˵κһˣڱţǿ档
ʩָһǶŷһʩ䡣
㵹ǴղЩٶΪ˹̽ԵΪɡ
˫ȽһŶȣʩ뿪ʱ񣬵ǰڳһӲӣֱҪһˡ
˵˵ϾСүôҲǳԸɷġ
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Ǿ仰ҿԸڵλãֻҪһڣǸǲɱģʱڵĴ𰸸֪Сүɡ
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˫ֽرŽĵĲӣͷ˽ĵķ䣬һ˫΢΢ɫĹâ

1228 Բ

1228 Բ
ص᷿Ѿϵˣĺ˯ȵһʱ֮Ժ˹
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ˮ鿵ϯλǰյȼֵģ˱үͬ⵹Ǻ棬ϺҪʲô¶
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ʾŮˣһԵŮǰȴֹˡ
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·ʳĻǴ⿵ļ˵һһĺãóΪˣţлĺ⡣
˵ţһμһӲ˷ڿϸϸľ׽ţƷеζ
Ժ˲δ꣬Žĳŵһ̲ˣ֪è壬Ѿ˲Ҫ֣Ҳֻðһԡ
һٷգĽһ̲˶˸ɸɾߵʱЦһлү
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ԣѡѡȥĶûҵһʵ˼չơ
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һӱһʮŮסӣҽ䰴ǽϾֹգҪôʩ̫ϣҪôǽ̫Ǩǿ
ȻѾʾʩȻǷǾֻкˡ
ӣ·㲻ߣ㴳
һ˫ĺ鲼ֻҪ΢΢һ̼ɱʩ䡣
ΪȻСүеһߣ
סӾֹյʩǵûп־壬֮еЦǲ⣬ͷ˻Цó˵ôġ
ӣӦ֪ƭǱĩ³
ƭ
Ŀ˵ƭֵʱʩһķӲģüһ
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ûʲô˼ֻǰɽʱ򲻵ûзʦֵӰӣֵĺס
˱ű֡
ƽ̿Уͱ˸ɱˡ
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ʩ䵱
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ʩʮֿ϶㱻в
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ҪһĽͣ͹غʩ
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ʩҲˣһʱҲ˵ĵ㣬Ƭ֮ˣȷȷʵʵǰյͼϵ·߽ɽСľô
ǵǲʶֻϹӣ
ʩһۣӼ˵ĵһۿʼʮˣҵÿһˡ
ΪҩүүʦίѰʦֵǾԲͣһӵʱ䡣
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˼ԴһֱظŲܵĻ
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򣬽ôջѰ󼸸˴ڿŵĴ𰸡
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ʩƺ뵽ʲô˫ȭ˲両ֳŨҵɱ
Ŵʩ۵׷ӿϵɱ⣬Ŀ˿ˣôˡ

1229 

1229 
ӣĽأ
ĵ쳣ҷʲô飬ҪʩĽ͡
Ϊɽľ֮зǵûмܣ֮סȥ·
ߣЩ˵ݵʲôĴڡ
СүûЩӦ̴̣ɱǵɾҶ壬ͣ
ʩ仺̧ͷĿҲЦʮе鿴Žĵˡ
Ҷ˵ĻӦ뿪ңҪҵ飬ңӦ֪ڲ֮ء
ʩһеĿԡ
пܣѾ֪ھɽȥʱһˣ˳ͻ
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λҲӦʮħ֮һ㸩˵ϣڻҲǺ˱
ʩ˵ԣʮħĿĺܼ򵥣Ҫһ
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˵ʱʩĿ⿴˿ģֿ˿⣬ֱȷû֮ʱ˵Ǹʲô
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֪õϹžԿڽӵţٻϹħʥΪԼУ˵ƿϹžƿ¡
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ǣϹž᲻ҪеľᣬҪһԿףԿױС
Կףʦҩүүôû˵
ΪǰҩүҲ֪ԿС
ʩˣ뿪֮ǰԿ׽ܱܡ
Ᵽܵķǲ̣ǽԿ׿ӡڹ֮УȻڵΪʵķԾҲΣʱضᷢ
ڵԤϵԺᷢ飬ŻὫϹžڽ編ŵԿ׽ڱܡ
ʮħʮ˲оۼ˰Ϲž֮⣬ҪѰԿףǣ˽յҡ
ĵǵһΪϹžԿ׵飬ʩĻ˵ʦҩүү֪ԿʦС
λʩģ͵ڵһŻǵͼԽҵģûа
һ㣬ʩԼаѻա
֪һ飬ʮħҪõԿףȫȫֱȥʦ֣ΪҪ˵С
ǽ֪飬ԭΪΣʮħΪҪ˷ʱ˷ϣڰй۲࣬˼һ
ⲻѿӷƨѶ¶ô
ʮħʲôʱôˣ
ǰһԤԣһᵮһӣӱʮħĳ塣
ʩֺͽĵ˵˹ҵһ飬ҵһܣҺ֮⣬û֪ܡ
ڳΪҼʱһ·ңΪҵպռ
ռڰ֮ᵮһӤӤʮħĳ壬ûԻǧ
Ϊ˱û䣬ŵˣкʲôס
ԣĵճӣʮħĳ塣
ǣұ˹أ֮ĵһӣҪ͵
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ǰһŵճӵǣĸȴߣ䲻
˵⣬ʩ̧ͷ˿ġ
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ʩͷʾ⽪ļ˵ȥ
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һֲҵΪſ̻ŷľƣԼһҵʱ򣬸ܵЩͬѰѹϢ
ûػӦҵҳ󷨷ӡԹ飬һӤ顣
ЩȥӤɵʮǿԹ޷ƽ磬Ҳ˸֪ѹֵĸо
ҵǲۣϾǲҵˡ
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˫ȽһŶȡ
Ȼ˵ûƭǣҵ㣬ʦֵʲô˼
ĵĻʩһ£Ȼû뵽ʳЩ
ӣ˵Գĳ⣬ҲҶΡ
˵˵ͿʩǲʵҪǺˡ
Ƭ֮ԥʩ仺ڣ߽ĸˣʵǸ⾿ΪΡ
黹Ҫ˵ǰ
飬Ҫ˵ǰʣµճӵǸŮӡ
˵ǸŮӵʱʩܰҲź⣬ܰǶŮӵĻǶҵĮ顣
Ůϸ˵ʩ
Ϊ˭ҲΪųӵĸĺٵÿ
Ϊ˽⣬㽫ȥ
ǴҹԸõŮûһңҲȹĻС
Ϊˣʩرϲһ죬ʱʮ֪꣬еʱҲǶҵĵһӡ
ʩ䲻֪òýÿÿڴӳı飬䲻Ľ̵˵ǡ
ڣʱһĹȥһ졣
ѲŮӿ֧һһҹʱŽӤҵʱ򣬳ĵĻϲ֮⣬˾һ
ӳˣȴΪһۡ
˿е֪Լӵˣȥ̤Σյ󷨽Ӥ˳
˭Ҳ뵽Ůôһ󷨣ðűҵĽ֣ȳԼĺӣұźҡ
Ȼͺ֮ңҲΪʱڵʩ
뿪ʩ䲻֪ǶǴСɱɷŹ

1230 ̯

1230 ̯
֮أ
֪֮չʩǺӵĽΡ
Ȼңȴûӹյˡ
̾һʩͷһƬ
ÿÿ뵽ˣʩţܰ׵׵뿪ǣ᲻вһĽ֡
ź뿪һŵʱ򣬱ںͶסȥ·
˵źӹڶǰסؿͷںͶܷһ·һһԸ溢ȥ
ڲδĻ
ʲôʩҲ֪ˣֻ˵ɱǺӲڵƢ
ԣҪ˿һʣ׵ûɱСǸӡ
˵ʱʩص̾һ
Сүҵʱ뿪ңԵļ壬ǲ֪ΪΣأȴҲǸѪˡ
ʩ˫֣һ˫ҲմѪȡ
ⲻڣеֻΪ˼㾡塣
ģҵʦ֮ȻʵһĴ𰸡
ջżʩ̸ö֮˲ٵ˽⡣
ɣʩ仹Ǹ˫֮ˣһװһףķ뽪ĵ޹أҲܸ档
뿪ջʱ򣬼˻صǵǰǻֺׯϵĳţ˭õ֮ȴѪȺ
ˣΪ˴лҵǸ㶼
̾һ¥Եļ
Ǻãʲôƨıƣ˳۾һ֣ɣ
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Ȼңúúõʦҩүү
ʮħǰʮħŽаɣ
ƣ̤ңʱĸ˵ľѾ֮ǰȫͬ
ص᷿͵ڷڡ
磬ӦǴ߽ܵġ
Ǵʲôүˡ
үĿԴĽʱ㶢·Ҫһһ
ʲôĿ⣬Ų㣿
ǰѽĻ
үĿһֱŽģеݲˬ
ϼȻע˽ĵϣҲԼʲôС
ʵүԽĲδʲôŮɫ֮ģֻҪĵʲôˡ
ŮӣΪγǵûзӦ
Ŷ¶
ֲүĿһֱŽĿԭ뿴׽Ϊβħš
ʾȥһ棬ƿһүתȥԹԵĵȥˣ
ү֮ǰҵ֪ү׼ǵ˵Ŀʲô
ڳϣŶȣŷЦү
֪үʲôֻҪҲһĽͣұʵ档
ĸү˵ǰᣬҪ֪үˮһĻԭΪΡ
˱ͲϲҵˣԼǰıթ꣬ڵ֪ү֮󣬶ƷǶӵ˼㡣
ǵΪ˼ûбʮħ
˵ҵ˱ʮħδҳĸ˱ǣпڵ֮ʮħϡ
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˭֪ĳǵ֮󲻽ûκηӦ֮⡣
һרаħԣһаħ֮˳ǵ֮ȫԳɫħаҽ֮С
ɽûκηӦôһ¶
Ŷԭ
ԭҵĹܼҳ⣬ʩС
Իشҵ˰ɡ
弱еҪ֪ɡ
Ѿ˵ˣұ˵ΪϸһЩ
豭ǳһһĨ¶ȵЦǣ
Ƿģʮ޳ҵǽİڤħ޳ΪħŮѪҺ֮ȻħѪҺȻκħ
˵˴ҲԼԼΪһǿϢŷ𾳽ǿϢ
ԺҲֳԼ۾Ϊ
˵廹ʲôʵô
ĸЦţеĲ豭
˵ûʲô˵ģҵЩҪ˵һ
ǼȻңʮħҪ֮һᡣ
ЩǱҪͽ׵ġ
ĸΪڱĩĵӣһ·˲飬һҲ֮ǡ
ϸָû˵˵صҪ˵һЩ
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ʮħںǲ֪ǵʱҵˣϣǡ
ɣĵΪ𾪵ͣΪĸ˵Ϊ߲޴ʦ
˷ǵޣеޣһ˿ֲľ磬ͱﵽߵľ磬ǰ;
վ壬ܳΪҴ峤ȻԼһΪ˴ķ
˵λȻԮҵʦȻȫϣλʦɴչ֣ʲôһᴦ׵
ǰһ뻹ۺ˪ʱ˿ȴһźͰ׵Цݣƽ˵Ĺʽһ㡣
λʦе˾磬ضΪһǿߡ
˵Լĸĸһһħ޳ʱԭеİջ䣬ڽĵ˺һ󣬱ܵ뿪᷿
Ҹұ֤ǲݵĻѾˡ
嵣֮һʮħ壬ҵѵɱɷŹȻɱĸ֮һǣڣԣɴཫĸȫڡ
ʱһеζƵʮħϡ
ȷ黹죬ʵ˿־塣
Цصˣһ֪ôĺݽɫ
˲дһУԼӺͺӣҲǰ
ҵǲôȤұȽҵá
ŵϢѽȷǴõķɢĶѹӤúܸȤ
ãҶ᷿ܵҲܸȤ
Ŀ⿴үʧܵĸ˶һۣһĨЦ⸡ڱ˴˵С
סǽϵĻأǰĺԶϺ˽ܵڣ᷿տơ
ô죬·
ֱӵķӱȻָ·Ȼ󼸸෴ķȷĵ·
·бȥĽӡ
ָָұߺ·˳ұߵǰС
˴һʱ֮˾ͷƿľŵһ˲䣬æֵס˽ĵ˫ۡ

1231 㵥

1231 㵥
ʲô
˫۵ĽҪǰʲô˭֪ǰһ˽ǰ
ٶˡ
Ϊ˱⽪ĿÿĻ棬Ըɴ£·˽ĵͷ뿪˷³
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᷿ܵô
ò£ҲΪζԼ۾
û¶Ҷǳˣɫһô
İ˰֣ʾ˷ɣǻ¥ôˡ
ȿȡ
ǸʲôҪȻң˵Ҫȥô
ǼٵģֻΪΰˡ
֪᷿ܵľͷΪү´ʱɡ
ŵأû⼸뿪ôĵȴǴģ˹ˡ
ӣã
ɶ㻹СүǣСү˵ҲƢģҪٸҶִңСүͷˡ
Ǻǣ㣬ӱ֥黹С㲻Ҿ͹ȥ
ָʩ䣬ڵʱˣĻԸ
ǰʩͽļһαһΣͱˣԣʩڿĵʱ
ȥȥôΪСү㲻ɡ
ʩװ򶨵ģߵǰһ˫۾µŽġ
ò˵ݼǾ֮䲻Ž֪ԷĵϸĻᱻʩݼƭȥ
ͶôʵҲûб飬СӴǼתתƣôˣҲûúõĴ
ңʲôÿġ
ʩһҪӣȴԼһͷĽĽץס½ǡ
ΪˣĴιһңǲ˵ȥˡ
ǣҪʲôǣܿɶҪǿжСү֣ͱСүˡ
ʩ仰һھŽĵҲĵطһҲڸˣĴߣʲô¶ҪСĲС
ҵҪôġ
ЦţЦʩĵ׷ëԼ겻ģֻó䵱뵽ĽɫһΡ
ǿԣ˵ã֣Ƕǽˣɿ
ʩѿĵǣƣκΣĵΪҪ߳󾳽硣
ǰܸŮˣ֪ߴһԨôҪι
ķ䣬ķ䣬ҵķ䣡
ʩһ·ķ䣬ʱһŮŮŻòɷ
ŮڿʩʱԭĻҰ˲ȼ˹â
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ܰôĺܣ㻹ء
ʩܰһվڵ·ϣæǰá
ô죬ѾأѾôߡ
߸磬Լһ͵͵ܳģ㲻Ҫô
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ҲʩˣֱָҪȥĵط
ΪҪĵطҲֹ˽롣
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á
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Ҳһ̽Ѱ󣬲ɵüͷ
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˱Թʴԭߣһ⻤⣬ΪλᱻԹʴ
˭
˭һ֣Ҳеһ٣ˣԹҲ롣
˵ھŲ֮еľŮĹ
Ůʼÿһ飬˵˸
ţֵܣֲ㵥á
ļȫԼġ
ҲˣҲΪ룬ÿһÿһ붼Σա
Ҳǣ¶˭϶ð롣
µҲҪʲôˡ
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ʲô¶
ĿŽģ׷ʲô˳صǵ˵顣
顣
˵ھпӰ죬̳

1232 ү֮

1232 ү֮
ȱ𼤶Ұѻ˵ꡣ
֪еļ˵š
֪ԼתԲŻ㶨ǧ֮ԼΪ㡣
ס
ЦţЦĿɬ
ͷԼɫ
һҹ˵˺öö࣬ԭľ
ĻҪ˵ʲôҡҡͷŽߵһԡ
һ˾һɣĿġ
һƬԼҲҪصԼ硣
ǧԼֻ֪ǰοĻ
ʵŮӳǰһ˲䣬֪ԼҲϲ
ǲͬˣ㲻ԼڵΣգϣŽʳԼܾꡣ
Ҫģڸ˵ġ
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1233 

1233 
үһûʲôڸеˡ
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үһϲ˴򽻵ÿ춼ǰԼڷ棬һЩض뿪֮⣬ʲôطҲȥ
һ㣬үϲ˽֪飬û֪ү廰ʲôΪү֮󶼻Ὣյ
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һӤЦص֮䣬ɭ쳣
׼ǰ֮ʱһذ׻ֱۣ񣬰˶Ѿа꣬ǻа飬ȺѾûʲô಻Ƕһѡ
ģֻʩзħˣа뿪ңи˳Ϊаʳһǵ˶Ϊаޱǿ󣬺᲻롣
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˵ʩзħԸħֻԸٶļ˵Ϊ
ȻħǾͲóֶԸˡ
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ħһʩչԣҲԼ֮С
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1237 

1237 
ʮħİħǿġ
ʱãΪߣұѹʮ˲ôʱ棬׽а֮øǿ
ΪĽĸǰħĶôȻǡ
죬ǱҪðħ֪ʲô
ԽԽ˼ˣǲò¶һССϼ˱ɱ¾Ϣãܺã
ħĿһһˣӽĵԵ
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ħĿĺԣŪǸ鷳֮ڽĵˡ
֮ĺɫ߼һ˲ΧԼٶȳǰȥ
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ħôˣĳ׵ףʮħС
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1238 ܳ

1238 ܳ
ħ˺ɫʧ֮䣬׵׵ʧǰһĿԡ
˰ħ֮󣬽Եĸо˴ϱ仯ڲϵš
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ͷ˵;һȭ˲ȦжУֱ˹ȥ
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ʦָ˵⿾ҪһҪĨһۣζžˡ
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СʦóһζΡ

1239 Ū

1239 Ū
ЦţЦǽһһֻֻڽĵļϡ
ֻһ㱻ץס⣬һˤݺݵˤڵϣҪܷӦĻһᱻˤϺͷһˡ
ɶʱô־Сʦˣʦ˼Ҳһ
˽ߣҪͣԺһһ¸ĳ˵ͼ
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ѽѽ㿴ǼСôһĬأʦֲǺǿЦôϤϤ顣
ôȻʦõһЩҪһʣϣʦһһʮĸ˵ء
иֳһ˿Ц⣬ֻЦû˿¶ȡ
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ǵһ⡣
ڶǹһܵʱȴɽв˵ɡ
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Щ飬ʦǰһЩʲô飿
еЦŨһ֣ҲǸӵ顣
Ǹʲôǰһ˽˵飬ϾʦˣеͷȵĻҪȥɽµҽݿԣҽݡ
ʮֿ϶˵ţ߽ԼΪ˲ȥɽµҽݿġ
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Ȼ֪ˣ͵ڵһȷȷʵʵʦʩСһȥġ
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飬ʱһΣյ飬ϻ쵰Ȼġ

1240 ǧС

1240 ǧС
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Ϊʮ֮ŻصڣҪ·ϷһЩС⡣
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ȨһϾǲҩȽϹأСһ£۸ѹǧϡ
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ɭһΣյĴڣɭ֮и岢棬Ҫɭȥֻǿɡ
˽ʲôɭ磬ҲԽļ
ʦȥҪȥɭ硣
ȵȵȣΪʦ˵ꡣ
ʾżһжҪ˵֮ھǷҪǰɭֵط
ɭڵʷʮоȣس֮ʱѾˣɭ֮Уʲôؽͨͨûãǿ߻Ψһĵ
ɭ֮УҪľǻȥ徺ң֮ҲڹĶǡ
һһ㣬ɭڣиߵ˱ȱȽǡ
ԣҪá
ʦȥ
ĵĻҲ롣
κȻų³ĸȻûоҵ飬ǣҲʮħʱͻ㹻ӦԣֻвϵǿԼſ֮ƥС
˵ɭǱȥɡ
ðɣȻǾˣΪʦҲ˵ʲôʵɭġ
ģ
Щ⣬ɭ磬Ϊɶʦ˵
ɶɭôΣգΪʦҪǵǰΪӦԲˣȥˡ
һ۽ģֱԱԴϡ
˵ǵΪһľ磬ǧ򲻿ԿǰɭͨҪȻȥҲ
ͨɭǷ֮ʱµģΪľ⼸ڴﵽһΪ֮ǰɭǿԼ
Ҳʱˡ
һҪע⡣
üӼ飬ǣòǣǰɭҪעһ㡣
ɭ֮и岢棬ҲȻʮħĴڡ
˵ɭ֮мҪעΪҪһ㡣

1241 ɭ

1241 ɭ
ɭ壬壬壬ħ壬˴δӴȺڣȻʮħҲУԣҪСССΪϲߡ
ȻǼˣǱһʱװʱȥڴϡ
ǣʦ
ǰɭ磬˿ĵһҹδߣһŵɭ֮ᷢʲô顣
һϵʱôȥˣ峿˵һʱɽǰƳǲɰҪĶ
Ҫܶܶҩݣɵҩ
κȵĿԣǹҩɵҩԱʱ֮衣
ϲ򡣡
κȿʲôųǮʲôȫȻһߵǮׯ
ôǮ
԰Ǯء
ĿŻӽų磬ЦǰָָһԵҩݡ
ų磬Ҫ
һҩʮӶѣ֪ȴ⵽ų۰ףҵõĻӦ
ûǮ
£ų㲻ڿתͷĿκϵʱ˲˰ᡣ
磬ܹġ
ްֻҪϲϰ
κҪҩӣҪҩʮӣ֮ȴرĶԴ
֮ųκȻǮۣѪǮҲҪκҪĶ
ֵܡ
Ĺ
һų磬Ǳӵ顣
ϱϱ㿴òãҸģ
һߣ³һߵ˻ߣһ߲ʰ쵵㣬ʮ־йͼֵȻǮҲ͡
вɣȥǣһʲô¶
ŭ鿴³̣޲ð³̵Դš澿ʲô⡣
ҪǣʩзҪǣһ㡣
ҿͦƯŸϱ㲻ϲô
һ޹ı飬³̿ĿŻûһŭ֪﷢й
ˣԼȥɣ˻ȥ
ˣ
³׼תʱǰס
ʳüֵҲܸߣǲҪĻҿɺá
Ƴת˺þҲûм㣬³濴˴㣬ôʹ˰֡
СҸϱģܹġ
ұǡ
˵ţ׶ӽ˽ָ֮У³ҪҲˡ
Ǯôһģɡ
Ѿӵ㣡
³һΣն಻Լһ㷴ˡ
Ҳټٶʲôġ
ɶõģôͼһ
㵽ʲôȻͷ
֪ˣз㣬ͷӦЩͷˡ
˵ŷԼԣͼֵ˵ûʲôôҪǹЧ
һҩݽ֮ʳħĺʩչźܴĻָá
Ŷԭˣ
һ֮⣬ֲҪų㣬ôһ¶
һʱ䣬˸˶ƳɹƷȻ˵ɭ֮ʲôУȴ򲻵Ķ˵б޻Ǻõġ
ȵϵʱ򣬰˻صڣڴ
ҩ͵Ⱥڴ֮С
Ǿô
ˣʦǰɭʱ䣬һҪԼ
Ȼ˸Ҫȥɭ綼ʮֵļǣҲвʮħһιڵĻɭеİ˸˼ڡ
զΪͷӻǰô
֪ĵ˵ĵǣȻܳеڵӣҲǳصġ
˺ˣʱҲˡ
ҩǰǧһҪСССģɭʲô֣򲻹ܣһȵ㹻ʵ֮ȥҲ١
֪ҩүүʦȶٴμǵʱǰһǿ󡣡
֮УһɫĴųǰʱ֮ţҲǷ֮ǰ󷨣ֻܴһΣ˸ǿһ֮ʱ֮ųڰ˸ǰʱ򣬽ĵȻصڡ
ʦҩүүˣ
ʦܶȾƣ岻ãϢҹ
ҩүүСһκҲҩҪעϢԳ̫̫ľƶ岻á
˸˽ʱ֮ţʧҩǰʱҩеˮ̲ס
ˣǧˣôƵġ
˵ʱҲ̧͵͵۽ǵˮ
ܲô˸ӿȥɭ磬ǿɭ簡˽Ӧô
ҩһʼͬɭʱ֮ţϾյĵطȥҲʮΣյģοǰ˸ӡ
ˣ˵ȺСӲһ֮ˣϷǱػһ컯Ҷ˲Ԥǿ󡣡
֣ҩүүļ
߰ɣϸȥһ
룬ϷûǮˡ
κ֮ǰҩȾƣȶ壬ת˾Ͱøɸɾ뿪ǰƳǵľƹݴغȡ
ʱԽʱ֮ŵİ˸ɭ֮С
̤ʱ֮ŵһ˲䣬о֮ŵѹǿϢ
Բۣ˳ô
³̺һԲۣ̾ɭ֮дڵǿ˳ǽ⣬ֻʱ⡣
ֲҩүү˵Σա
ϳУȻǸֱء
ʲô۹ƶȱȽˡ
ɭ磬Ŵأһа뷱еСһҿǺ֮ɫ
ڣнʱ֮һаһӣȻӵдˮ򣬿ʵϣˮƳǻҪʮ
ˮ֮Ŷһȫµ֪
³̣ܲ°ֵͣôԾô
ǣ㿴ǸСӡ
³ָԶȥİӾ飬Ӿ֪࣬ɶ壬ǸôһԳ
ҿһ£
鼮ǷŴӵ̯ϰ飬ɭеĸϸ
İС׺óǰ壬Ϲš
˵³̷ָŵǸˣǰеһԱ
޳һ˫߰ʾѣ塣
ɭи岢棬ֻ֮һ
Ȼ֪жɭģȴ֪һʵ
ɭĸ֮У滷ΪӣҲΪ¡
λϴϲǼϽ
İڿջ˽ɭһЩϢ㱻ϡ

1242 ѹ

1242 ѹ
һĸˣ󶼳һԳ򣬳ɫԲһ
ĵȰ˸ڿջλԱߣߵǰĸ壬һʱ䲢δ˵
ʲôϽϴλãٿŲŪ㡣
˵䣬еһ˱֣׼³һȭ
Ҫ֪İ˸ڱĩĵӣֻа˸۸ˣûб۸ǵķݶĸ˵裬ãܺã
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ֣ѹ׼³̣Ȼ³ɵ㿪Ĺ
ջеһһܣΪ˲һѪһ¥ݿȥ
ֺ濴һ֣Ǻ¥ݿʮԴ쳤˲ӿŽĵԼĸ֮ˡ
ôղ˵Ļûô
忴Լһȭȥ˵˸˻һı飬һ˲䣬Ϊ߰ıӿһ֮еһ˴һѳĵе˽ĵĲϡ
ô
ĵ˸ɭĹâĵͷ΢΢Լӵһѳü塣
û˸õҵĲϡ
ʼδõĲӡ
ǽɱ⣬³̵˾ˡ
ĩ˷׷վϱŷŵĺһ˲ѹסɢ
ڽĵ׼úõĽѵһ⼸˵ʱһӵĳִ˼ѪһĻ
ĵ̣ɭĹأ岻¶ѲҪҽȥ߲þô
һ͸ϡ
ĵѰȥֻһŻɫӲС
˽ü鲻ŭɢϢѿǸ޸֡
˿е߲þֵʱɫһӾô˵ǰǰİ˸ӣΪ߹ѪͳȻܾʹ˰ݡ
ģϲĳ֡
Ȼ㱣ǣȻԷЩ˵ĹһΣ˵ĻǿɾûȺˡ
£˶ݺݵؿһ۽ĵˣת뿪˿ջ
û¶ɡ
ǰǵĿǰİ˸ӣȷÿһ˶ƽ֮³һ
Ǽ˵Ŵ磬Ӧģʱŵĵط͸һľۼأҰȫ
һ棬ýİ˸ߣȥʲôľۼء
Ŀ˿ֿ˿ˣȻǾǣҲڸȥʲôۼذɡ
ҲȺе֮ɫεЦЦ
Ҳգ°ɣ˵һ˵ɭ顣
ʾ£֪ʱԼ˵Ļ֮⼸ӶȻµ֪
죬֪ڵĵӣ֮ǰѾϵˡ
һ仰֮׼ȷջϳ˸ڵĵӣҪΪڽ֮ǰѾкˡ
ʦ˵ô
ţһǰѣ䷨ϵһΣ˵ڵļҪɭ磬ŵˮ򸽽
ӽյϢʼ㰲ˮ򸽽ϵѲţֱ˰˸˳֣ÿһ˶ڵİ³ȷ˸˾еǰ˸ӡ
˵Ľ˵ŷ顣
ɭ֮дŸָ壬һ󲿷ֵ壬λΪ¡
Ϊ岢е˶ʺУѵĲ˵ǿΪĻУĴںΡ
Ψ̤ǿ֮·Żܵɭأ򣬾ǸȺеϡ
֮ˣĸŻ԰˵̬ȡ
ĵ˴е֪ɭϢͬʱҲȷʶ顣
壬ֻΪ岢˶ߣԱ۸ô
ţҪһ㣬˵ձȽϵͣеʱᱻʳιͲɱ
Ϊܹɭлȥ彨˾ۼ㣬ÿһۼ㶼һЩػš
ڵˮۼ֮һ
壬Ϊʲôĸ߲þĸֵʱһʺı顣
ע⵽߲þʱһû棬Ǻ棬߲þʲôطкε֮
ΪòþͳϽɭĺģ߲þ֮дŸǿߣҲǿߡ
ڳĻս֮УγһأȻɭɱȱȽǣǣЭֹɱκȺ顣
ˮЭеۼ֮ĸĶɱ˽İеκһỵ˹أץס֮͵߲þвп̷
ӹŵ񣬵߲þ֮ʼǾûмܻŶ뿪߲þķˡ
ԭˣ
˵ǰ˸ɭģΣձ鲼ǰ˸˵ΪӲʣһҪСĲǡ
ʣǲʡ
ҡҡͷʾǰ˸˵Ϊޣޣ߸۷壬һ
⻰Ǳˡ
˰ˣǸǣֻҪˮһգұ㱣ǡ
л塣
Ȼʲô
ĳҡҡͷҲֻиۼˣ飬ȵϤɭĴСС֮жɡ
ýΪˮЭһĸ˶֣ǰ˸ȻҪֵģĸˣȻȻĳΪƻЭ֮ˣĪ±͵߲þ
˸뿪˿ջţһ˴ˮĿջӵȥ
һʱ֮󣬵ţͣʱҲۼء
˵ˮֻ࣬С̷ߵ·ˡ
СϽһѣдˡ
һᣬҸϴ·
һƬ֮󣬾ӵŮС
Ů黨裬һ˫Ĵ۾˸Źâɰĺܡ
СŮͽĻȺܿ
С㣬ñˡ
κȼСһһʵĲ˼
ѽɶ㿴ϸƤģЩֻϰˣߡ
СҲ֪ĵҪģؾʰ˷䡣
һСԺ䣬С˱ֶ֮˲ˮ͸㡣
ⶼԼĸ㣬ûе𣬵ζġ
ллС㡣
κЦţСĻϲ

1243 ͬ

1243 ͬ
ɭ֮У岢棬ΪʺУ˲̵ĻгΪǿߣԣڶȺ֮У΢Ĵڡ
ǿΪֻ㹻ǿʵܵ𾴡
ɭˮۼ֮أȰԱС˵ŹɭΪϸһЩ顣
СˣҪɭȥǺܼѵģԣཨ˾ۼأЭĹأԲ
Ͼ˭Ҳ봥߲þĹأһ߲þǾûء
С㣬ɭ֮ежٸ壿
Ҳ֪壬壬壬ħ壬壬ȵȵȵȣˣд˵е塣
壿
С˵ֵʱ˵ĿһӶ
壬Ǵ˵е֮ôʲô
С㣬ǲǶ⣬Сҡҡͷصģ֪徿ǲĴڣ֪ڣҲ˼ˡ
˵Ϲһ
Ϲһ
ܵ˵ɭΣյģ൱ΣյĴڡ
һ˵бضࡣ
Ա˵ΣֹĴڣǶڽĵȰ˵ȴһµọ́ǶԼ
ա
㿴СųԺ³ۼ⡣
һԸı飬˿ϵĻ
ȻĿˣˮۼصֲҲˣܴһֶ档
ˬʵЦݣСء
ǼүǾһ£⼸ĻﶼᵽֿȥȰ㽱Ǻö
˿Եˣε̾һ˭ڱ˵ĵҲþܾʲôߣһ·Ĵ󲿷ֶǸСӺˡ
СĻ˵ĻʮֵĶӣΪѰʳۼصүǲòȥɭִԣɭ֮Σձ鲼
ʮȥضǳе飬˵ۼزŻôĸ˺Сˡ
ĻϵĻﶼһЩƷʳСȻԼˣҲүһϵĻ͵˲ֿ⡣
һһأһʱʱţĻ˵ŬҲȫᵽ˲ֿ⡣
ôû壿
³̶һƣľɢ˵Ϣͷһһǿա
ҵæ׼＾Ե顣
С㣬＾ʲô
κȶų籾ȵһƣųѾһ̳Ӿƣٺˡ
＾ЭÿһεıЭȺеı
һ㣬С̾һͷһƾ¡
Ҳ֪ȺҪʲôˡ

ǲ⣬＾Ժʲôϵ
Ŀ˿С㣬Сеĳݣ＾ԺΪô¶
Сôһ˵ΪСᵽ＾Եʱ۳֮ɫ
ÿһε＾ԣÿЭҪٰһΡ
＾׼ǿԵĲ
＾ԵϣǰǰκεȻܼķΧ֮ڡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼ＾ԵϣЩִѹ塣
ñˮ壬ٶǰˮľסأΪ＾ԵĹϵЩֹϷֵ̣գǸϵǾۼء
ΪЭĹ涨߲þĴڣˮͱЩˡ
Ⱥ˸ӣ
³ֵ̿ģȻ֪＾Եôһ¶屻ô۸
ۿһȵ＾Ҫʼˡ
˵⣬С˲̧һ˫۾ĵˣһӱŷϣĹâ
ŶǿԴˮμ＾԰
С˵ʲô⼸Ǹӡ
С˵ýĵ˴ˮμ＾ԵʱĳִСĻ
ǱС˵＾Եɰš

С˵ʲôɿĿס˻
С
֪ˣ
С뿪λã뿪뿪ʱ˸Ů֮ĶԻ
ǼΨһϣҪȻ˲μԣֻᱻȺ۸ˡ
֪ʲô⼸иģԴôΣգ˵ˣЩμӣôüա
嵣ģҲȻýİ˸ܵκΣա
һǼ˽֣˭֪ᷢʲô飬ǾԲð˸˲μ＾Եġ
С˵ӰʧУڲֿſžˮ㿴ҿ㣬ǸֳһĨЦ⡣
尥ô˵＾ЩҲμඡ
һûˣǾΣ
ͬ⡣
ͬ⡣
ͬ
ͬ⡣
һ仰˷׷˫ͬ
ջеû¶£¸鷳Ļͻȥ˵ĳ
ãʮħʱ򲻹£ֻҪڼһƾԼʵʮħĴħ
ǣЩˣߣ
Ц⣬Ũҵĸڴǣ˸˵ĿǼᶨʲô
ʱ򣬽ĺҵ壬ںͼ＾Ե顣
ģôˣ
壬̸һ＾Եǰ˸˴ˮ
У
һ仰ԡ
ǼӸϹʲô֣＾ԵǴжᡣ
塣
֪ڵǣҲһֱǵСӿɡ
һ˲䣬ϱŷϢˣѹÿһ˵ࡣ
壬֪㵣ǰ˸ˣǼȻˮ򣬾Ҫһ
ԣޡ۷ô
Ҳֻǲ²ʵֻܲΪ۵Ľ׶Σȴȷʲô𣬼ȻˣΨ۷ʵܱŷǿѹ
һʮ߰꾹Ȼ۷ʵεȿֲ
壬ΪǰѾľ硣
ָָģָ˽ĵΪѾľ硣
۷Ҳǰںͺڣĩ֮УκȵΪΪҲ۷ǰڵĽ׶Σ˾۷ڵľ磬ֻһԵԽΪ
˵μһ＾Ӧûʲôˡ
߸۷һǺεǿʵ
ǷɭҲǲСĴڡ
ǣɭϺܸߣ𶼿ɱȱȽǣǣʮʮۣ߰ôǰɭžۼһҲҲ
ſˮµĿŽĺյ˵ͷӦ˼˴ˮμ＾¡

1244 ǵĺϢ

1244 ǵĺϢ
＾С
Ϊ＾ԵĹܼ򵥣ҪˮɽɭָһεԶħޣǴ＾Եĵһ壬һ塣
˵Ϊô۸壬Ҳԭġ
Ҳ˵＾ԵĹ򲻶
ţÿһ＾ԵĿ궼һ
ܵ˵ֻҪ׽Ϳԣ
һҪע⣡
С㲻òѰ˸Ҫע飬μ＾Եĸ嶼ԼС˼һεı˵ԭһ壬ܽǰʮǣʹթ
ʮΣ֮أ
Щˣ
ǲ֮һҪעûһЩתƣˣ
Сƺʲôرص˵һ㡣
＾Եһ˻õʯҵ˵ɭеģʯͷԸṩǿΪ
жǿ󣿡
ĵرУҩʲôĸ֮ʲôʯþжôǿ
Ҳ֪Ҿֻ˵ѣǰ˵һ۷ڷʯ֮󣬺Ǵ۷Ľ׶Ρ

ļٵģ
۷嵽ֱӿ۵ľ磬ĻõʯǾͿԴ۷ľ絽֮ˡ
뵽˴˵Ŀ⻥࿴ű˴ˡ
һ＾ԵĿжһõʯڶĳˡ
Ϊμ＾ĻҲֻˣĵ֮Դμ＾ԣһΪǼˣΪʯ
ʯмȵõ˵
תۼ䣬յʱŶ
Ϊ׵һˮ⡣
ˮ＾ԵĴӣΧ˿ֵȺ
һ˼л˷ĻصţЩŮļǴ̶ŵ˶Ĥ˵ʹš
ȥҪҪôȣɥҲôɣ֪Ļǵĵء
³̱쳣ķԼϱϲɫˣ˵³ҲǸ硣˧ӡ
ϱҪҪҲȺһ
ðҪҪһأһֵ˻ߡ
ɵƯ
һ仰ǵ˹Ц³һΣϱʱô
ǰ棬ǴҲõһ֧飬ߵﶼһƬγǿҵķ
һҪСģɭ֮гλõΣգһεĿɭеԨħ֣ʮ͡
˵＾ԵĿʲôԼԨϰԣҪһҪСĲ֮ˡ
轪ĵĸҲУȻԴʲôֽţ˵СĻСġ
ģǵĺϢǡ
ͭ＾ǿʼԱ׷׽ɭ֮ѰԨڹ涨ʱ֮У˭ץסԨ࣬һԵջʤߡ
Ȼ＾õȻ壬ҲˣһԴ֮һҪ峹׵׵ϳЭ
ˮɭֺܴ󣬲ڵ۹⣬Ȱ˲ɭ֮󣬱㱻һȥ·
ʲô⣿
簡Ϲ
һ³̣ǰһӣлûķ˺ǰĽ硣
ϱ
ֽħµġ
˵һħµģ粻˵ЧøǰþǱ˵Ļɭ·
ķʹõԽԽ˳ˡ
һִڻļһŻԷõȣԴӻڵ֪ԼĴѪϹŻʦʱ򣬺Էرĳԣû¶ʹ³̺ԾۼԺС
ǣʱҿо˲ٷ䡣
Цţʾ˿ǰˡ
ڻϹŻʦݣ˼Ǹǵǣ³̡
Ȼƽûûδ֣ǣһйڻκ鶼ϸģԼһͻ᷸ԾŻһǰĲȥоڷ鼮
Сģ
³׼ǰʱκһӳǰ³Ƶڵء
ҵ죬ҵ죬ҵ죡
ҵҵҵ
κһҵ죬³һҵһڵСһ꿪ɫС䣬һڵϰĽš
ˣ˵ĺʲô
ô˵ȥ³³˳Żľͷѹ˻ϡ
ϱҵۣҵۣȫۡ
ҪҪҸһأ
ˣ
³εЦţſڻϿŶڵϵκȣòҲ֪ӶȻǷʲô滨ݡ
Ľ㣬㣬ݵĵҩмЧ÷
κһ滨ݵȵȵҩǱһһСκȵ˫۶ɢĹâ
ҲһۣҲУҲУųų磬Ҳ
á
ųȫ۶Цݣ޲ðůκȣææµµӰε³һ
ˣԼҵɵӣҲҪš
жˣ
κȺųʱһӰವһӴϷ˹ȥ˵Ͽղϵš
Ϣħ޵Ϣˡ
Ԩ񡣡
ó˻񣬿ĴһҪ׽ĶԨ
ͻϻһĸˡ
˶ԴͻӣͣȫҲëϴҲѰ
˷ԨʱԨҲ·İ˸ࡣ
һ˽Ԩﲶ׽ԨͬҲ˸ʳ
һ˲䣬Ԩ񸩳£޴ĳţȻӴ󣬵ȴʮֵھ֮š
һ
£ӳһ׼ݵԨĲϡ
Ǳʩ˷䣬ַרħ޴ڵģԨûʲô¶ͱĺ³˴Ӱק
һ³һȭԨԿǣҪ֪³̵ôĿֲԨʵʵİһȭҲȻ֮С
Ԩԭһ٣ͶΪе
Ԩթޱôզôء
ɭ֮ǰǧһҪСӦԨΪħ޵Ԩ׺ݼթһԨ׺թˡ
ԵԨ񱻽˽ָ֮Уĸ߾＾Եﲻʳԡ
ſˮľųԨ𣬿Ͱ͵ĵͷʾԼԲֻСӡ

1245 ˷

1245  ˷
＾ɭĴͳָľӢ໥¡
ǣΪ岢е˶ʺԣ＾ںܶطܴѹ
һε＾ˮɳľȻǰ˸Ůûʲôˡ
ѹ˭һ＾ѹʤһٸʯ
ǻ˵ôˮ＾һβȰͷһһܻõһҲѹ塣
＾Է˿ӺͶǷ׷ѹǮ²＾Եһѡһ⣬Ŀеһ塣
ϻҪʼѣ˵ӽһȺ
֮Сۻթ߲þڣˣʸһμ＾ԡ
ɭ֮⣬һһʱһߵԡ
ѹİ˻õһ
ʱ˵߷׷׿˵֮ˣһоǲ⣬µĿǰӲࡣ
ԼҲѹʤ˷֮ѹʤ
ǺǣǮʮʯ
ɭ֮УΪͨңǱȽΪıʯһʯ൱һٻƽ𣬿֪ʮʯѹεͷǶô쿪һ顣
СӣʮʯҪˣһ˶ϣҲûȥ
ҵĻظڶΡ
˵˫ֶżһɷı飬ϻһİ̺ۣȥʮ׶
ʶⲻӶŵųô
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ϵܣòˡ
иߺۣӶŵųһˮִԸˮ＾ԡ
߸磬þòˡ
ߺļĿǿ˿ɭͽȥǰ˸ӡ
ɶʱ۸ôˣҪ˸
˶ʮ߰ŮȻֱŮ׶Σ͸ߺ۵ֻǺӡ
̾һҪ˵ʲôǼ˵ڵĻߡ
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˶ӣߺһ˵¶
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أϵˣҲǿԷеһʯͷˡ
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㣬ϵΪѹ⼸ӡ
˶ĵˣҲվԼһߣΪθϵһֱ㽫ʮʯѹ˽İ˸˵ϡ
壬˿壬ǲܿԼ
ߺ۵ɺܼ򵥣˿壬ǲԼԼǰ˸ӻһߺҲҪͦ塣
Ǹߺ۵ɣûбԭ
ЦЦߺۻûб䣬ô򵥵ҲֻӶŵѪԺóˡ
²£ЩӵΪΪΡ
Ļøߺһ£ӵ壬ߺҲǰ˸ӼȻܴμ£廹̬ȣȻ򵥡
˫һ˫ü΢΢𣬸ߺԼ°ͣȻûۿЩӣӴ˸ӵΪǾ仰Ȼôˣһйϵ
ϸ磬Ҳ֪˲ϲƣɶ¶ֱ˵ɣҪҸߺܰ쵽ģһ˵
ɣϵô˵ϸҲˡ
뷨ܼ򵥣ɭģ֮ǰ巢һЩ죬ǧüˡ
ˮ򲻹ɭ֮һССӣȻ˸׼һضԶˮ
񣬸ߺ۵ĳּʱԵҲһð˸＾֮ŸϵܽӶţһͿ˳ɭ֮
ټӶŵŸ˸ڷ絲꣬ҲȻĵġ
⼸Ӳɭˡ
ɶ˼ʲôɭˣǻˣ
͸ߺ˵Žİ˵ȵȣԼ֮ǰ巢һЩ飬Ҹ߸ߺۣ𿴰˸Ͳ󣬵ÿһ˵Ϊ۷״̬нĸǴﵽľ硣
ʲôʲô⣬߸ղ˵ļٵģһʮСѾͷƬӾȻľ磬߸ʮ߰۷ۡ
꣬С
ߺһʱûгܵסžϽס˸ߺ۵͡
߸磬˵ļٵģڵĵطϲǺܸߣ⼸ӾȻ㾳硣
ߺһ壬˵ͷȷŸߺ۵Ļ
ʱɭ֮еĽĵ˲֪Ժᷢʲô飬֮˵ΪҪľץԨԼȺС˵ĳ
׻˵úãԩ·խǿԶЩгˡ
³ָŲԶϢŮһӶűĳƶôԺһ㡣
ϲ˵ġ
˫ֻ粻ĿȺ壬ʱʮҲĽİˣ˿ĵʱһվ
ǣû뵽Ǽҳ
û뵽Ϻû뵽黹ء
Ͷ䣬ºǲĴǰ塣
ãϴһϴûһҪװ׵Ľˡ
ۣ
ӵĻǵκЦ
ǸǸӦЦģֲֻˣʲôʸˣ
˵ĶԣǼ˲˵ĹˣԲѻǳ룿
Ļģÿһŭȼյġ
Ϊ壬߹ϲ׼Ǳô衣
ϴҪŪȺ֪ôࡣ
ɱǡ
˵䣬ʮ˷׷׳ĳò˵彣Ưġ
Щ彣ͦƯӦļǮ
˿ų磬һ˾һҳĹӣȻߵļ屻𣬵ô˵˵ļթųĹ޷
ʵز״ҲһѽӦһǧӡ
ĵڴ彣ע⣬һǧӵļ۸һָ˽ġ
΢ϣǸ߹彣ģÿһѽûһǧʯ첻ǳΪꡣ
һǧʯ
һʯ͵һƽǰʮ彣˵Ļһʯ
˰
һ˲䣬ĩ˸žӢĹâУڵļֵˡԣ彣ڵļֵˡ
ȿȣһϻ˵úãºڷҹɱ˷Żʱ
Ц룬Цǽһ˻ë
Աĩ˵ʱ˿ȻǺҹǿЩԶڰԨС

1246 

1246 
ɭ֮Уʮ˶ĩˣϣȻоơ
ɭ磬κ˶֪УΪµߣԿɼ
ǣȺ֮УߵҲʼ𣬱ĩ˸֮УκȵͣˣҲ۷ǰڵľ硣
۶ʣǺǣ
ģȺ˵ĳ۶˰ɣžͷ
ǸֳһĨЦ⣬ļǵõڿջʱýĵĲϵһĻ
۸Ǳĩˣıӵˡ
ʲôͿȺ˲˵Ķˬˣ
һԾ³Լٶȳʮǰݺݵһȭһӵϡ
³һȭͷǰԵһӣӺֱײڴͣ
ۡ
һѪӿӲŵĿŽԼ˵ࡣ
ʲôүǿʲôʵĲࡣ
Աĩκһ˵Ϊʮ˶㹻ˣ³̰ڶŹؽ죬Ǻݾ౩¶ɡ
־͹Լ˲ǵˣϵùȥɣ
£³һǰһ˲䣬ǱһݾɣӸߴʱ򣬻ûȿ˵ʲôһڱ˹ȥ
ǡЩ΢ྐྵȻҶǸ߹嶯֡
һϺõŮŭ棬˺ţǼЩ͸˵ĶĤ
΢
˵ǻ³̾ôϲ壬ô˵ҲǸүǣִܶŮˡ
԰ŮǽŮӴȽϺá
һոսеʶѣҲǰմľЩ
žһİ£һƺݺݵشŮϣһҲСֻŮպһʺİӡǡ
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Ůգ˫۵Բ˿Żһ㽫ࡣ
ɱң㣿
ǻǰŮƾΪɱҪȸǧ˰֮á
һһǿŮͬеĳҲǿɡ
³̳ڻǰ
ȻŮˣҶϱҲմ󡣡
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ĻЦȻ³̶һ٣۵׵ȴֹס¶š
վһԵ˿˿³ֿ˿ˡеİ
Ϊɶе㷴θأ
ҲǣⳡǴξŲ顣
˽ϵ·жԱ˴˵ˡģǧĳˣҪȻҹҪ³ˡ
˲ɵӣӽһб㽫һ˴ˣΪȻ֮ϣȻˡ
ôߣ
ˣ
ĺȥ·һ˫΢΢ЦһˣЦʮĵ׺档
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ʲô⻹ôǲ׽Ԩ񽻳
ĸո˵껰⵽Ůķԡ
ΣбԼȥ׽ԨƾʲôҪԨȺɵࡣ
㻹ûѧʲôӶȡ
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ѡҪôԨҪô
Ŀһʮˣѡ
Ρ
С㡭
Ů˵ʲôһԵֳ˳Ůӡ
֪ʲô˼췲˺ڿջˣ＾ԡ
ϻǰ˿˿ģǳȵ뽪ķһС
Ҹ֪˽ŮݣŮǱˣСˮμ＾ԡ
κβ⣬ıΪС
˵вˣ
΢ǰһϱŷŵħѹÿһˡ
ӽĴڣͬħ˵Ҳ޵Уħ廥ɱҲͬη˴ϵϢ
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˵ʵĻ˴һҲȻԹޣһô˺ù
λСߵֻҪλǰӣұ֤С׷顣
׷
˵Ļ³Ц׷Ǹʲôʲô׷ģ˵ô
Σ˾һ֣ɣ
ʮħʱǶűľѺǸȥοˡ
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Ŀ˿Ҳ˵ͷ
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Ȼ˲ǾĴڣһʼǱŪʮ˵ĿģڿȺ˵õ顣
ʧѣǧʯнȫԨ񡣡
ϵħһαŷһǰһκˡ
Ҫ֪һմȾħͻᱻ壬֮ǰҲл뿪ɭֵģ˵ǻŻʱ俼ǡ
֣ʮָڰпʼʱ


һ
á
һ£˴һӣסԨǰ
岶׽ԨʮֻÿһԨʮֵľ޴ǧʯҲڽǰ
ǧʯĵ˵ͷ
׼뿪ʱסˡ
ǵ彣Ҳ¡
ʲôݵҲµġ
СӽеĽлµʱ򣬻ЦߵСǰЦǽһĸʵ
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ˣһ顣
ƺʲôһ㣬һ˲һ˱ǵڿջóвԼˡ
㣬Ҫʲôҵĳ㾹Ȼ
һһص֮УһбӵһԳ
˵ˣҺ֮ĸ˶ԹҲˡ
ЦŨң֣ɢڰеë
ߣ͡

1247 

1247 
ʮֻܳԱ񣬼ˣǿΪѹţɭ֮ǿ߱һС
Сһ۽ģǼˣǲ˳ĻĲΪˡ
ʮ˽ʧеӰߵ˽ߣһӽԨ˽ָڡ
СѾͷƭһưոݡ
Ȼ幫ĻҲһ˽յ衣
Ц⣬ӴǸУĿʮʧķ򣬻˻ʾ˸ϡ
ȻҲμ＾ԣȻֶ飬ǾͺúõĸЩ˵ҲʡԼ׽Ԩǡ
ĩİ˸˾͸ʮ˺棬֮һľ룬ֻҪ岶׽Ԩ񣬽˱ǰһĶԨ
һһߴεᣬСҲסˡ
̫ˡ
ողһֻԨֱЩ΢ˣΪ幫ĽԲ׼ЩһٶĶ衣
֣˼ƾűץԨֺһ˵أ˵֣һ＾оǶء
ĵĻָһ＾֮У忿ѹե壬Ϊ＾Եһȥɵ
СʱȦģ˵ֶʲôС׼׶ѡ
ǲôǾˣУллˣ
˻֣һаղһߣ׵׵ʧʮ˵С
˿ŽʧıӰһ˫ȭκʵʲôֻҧһԹС
ţ뿪ɭֻص岿ʱһҪյԭԭһһʮĸ߳ǣʿɱ壬һʣ
Сͣһжȵ뿪ɭ֮˵
ǡ
Сƺ˵ʲôջǿѹסŭ
ʱ뿪ıĩȴǱڰɸ
뿪֮һǣҪȻˡ
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ǣһĻѾһС
ָָվСԵ
ʣҿӲǼ򵥵
Ҫ˼³֮˶ף³һĿ
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μ＾ԵĲ壬ħȵȵȺһ·϶ᱻĸ۲쵽֮Ħ
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˵ʮħ£ɭ磬һ鷳һ鷳
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Ŀ˿ˣȻЩѾ뿪ɭ֮ԸǣǾɭкúõظһȺϿΣ֪ʲôǿ˵ģʲôǲ˵ġ
ȣﻹûԻҩˣ
УҪж١
Ǿͺã
＾ԵʱСʱۿһʱʱѾȥˣаСʱҪ뿪ɭ֡
ʮѰԨһѰһǻðǼࡣ
㿴Ԩ񣡡
Զƽϣһֱ˶Ԩվԭأʮգ֪Σս١
ʮ˽Ԩ׽رעһΧһȷϽһûи
ϴ󡭡ңôеء
ҲҲǣ˿˵ʲôȫ˾ͺһ̲һ̱ڵϡ
ʮȫĵڵϣļ֮֡
ϣô򵥵嶼УǻԳƾ߹塣
³̳ŵڵϵ壬ߵһߣӸµĿŴˡ
˵ôùأô͵ǡ
ǣɣ
þȫ˵֣ĵ˵ͷǴ󷽵سԼǱ޳ܡ
Σۿ＾ԼһΣ
һĨЦ⣬һըѿĶǰȫɫħ˲ŷ
ǿϢǵصѹˣħʮֵУڽӴħ˲䣬ȫ¶˻һ㡣
һŵȣµȵڽӴħʱһ˫˲˽ɫʮѾĸ˶黯Ȼǹôġ
屻ħʱһοڣ˫ۼĿŽĵˡ
ǵҪʲô
ʲôܼ򵥰Ȼ޻ħ塣
ʼ磬װ׵ĸһԼҪ顣
߸ڰ˸ҲħմȾʮֻС˻ǰȫ
һħȾͻᱻȺ˵ûɣĹħĻô
ҪҪأȾңҲ뱻ħҲ뱻塣
СĵĻ˲޵ǽһ˻ߡ
Ǹӣ
˭ǸҲʮ߰ѡ
һڵϵһǰΪнָ岢ܵɢħȾ
ǳȥ֮һ峤ͨǣǶ˵ĺá
ᣬҷģΪ֤뿪ɭ֮оԲ¶հ֣Ըڤ֮С
Եʱ򣬽΢΢¡
Ҳԣòˡ
ԣ֤Բ˵ֻƬСҲ֮󣬽ջϵħ
˵ͺˡ
ħȫɢǣ˦ѽ˵ϣѽС彣
ɵĻӦ֪ĵʲô˼
彣ĩת뿪ɭ֣ʮ˻ᷢʲô飬ͺûκιϵˣϾ˶ϲǰڤһ⡣
ڽʧ֮ʣϵԻҩҲ
վϵ彣ĽħȾһһնɱ
׵ĳմȾͬѪвûκε֮⣬֮һصı鿴С
աҶ˽µԡ
֪֪
СѾˣĵĿ־壬յһ뿪ɭ֮бĳ׵ףҲ
ĩ˸ɭתһȦԨҲ֪˲ǣͲ֪ɵʲôط
ʱʱȻһͭԶʱҲ뿪ɭֵʱˡ
μ＾ԵʮȺõһ塣
뿪ɭֵʱ㿴ɭһľ壬ľ϶ѷŸָ֣ҲЩ˿Ķľ֡

1248 ϵĽ

1248  ϵĽ
˽ԨʱˣȺǻŻקŻǴӽָ˦ֻԨ
ʱֻˣһһС
˹ˣôǵýɭֵʮأ
ʱɶ뿪˰ɣƱˣ
˵ͳƣˮµĽһٺ˺˶֮＾ԵôΡ
ӵʮʼ壬壬һֱ˵˵ڶ塣
˵ʶУһˣɵһĵסʱ򣬳֮⣬˷׷ŴͲԼ顣
ǲˣǰԴżˣղ˵ʲô
Ҳû˵ʲôһ塣
һˣ＾Եһôأȫûܡ
˵ıҲһοͳʱı飬ǣʵˣݲκαס
һ̨콱ʮʯԼ¡
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һǼû뵽ģΪ¡
Ҫ֪ɭ֮Уʵǿ֤¼ǹҫ顣
ԽΪף³̣ų磬Ժκų콱ֱ̨һ̣˻ûзӦô
ʵˣһλ＾Եһ壬ȷȷʵʵ塣
ҵ죬ʲôЦӿǰеĻѹϣǰʮûȥ
ܶ˲ܽһŶкĻҲôˣºʮʯҡڵ콱̨
һ߳ײϵĲǽһš
ʲôûӰ
³̰һ·ˣNɪĲҪҪġ
ģʾ⽪Ŀ
·ϻѪѲ룬ǰ˸ħȾ˸ˡ
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ٺ٣壬ûи嶪ɡ
ĽʮʯյԼУ¸壬ǴҲûʲôá
࡫
ſˮѾ֪˵ǽ벻
ֱҪˡ
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ΪܽǰʮǲĽˣû뵽⼸Сһﲻǰʮһ˵һĺóɼ
˵ģˮ򡭡ӦɭǧʱҲδܻõһĳɼ
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˽Ÿߺۣߺһǰ³̵˵ļ
СС;˵Уָ˹⣬ǼСһﵱ
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İ˺òĽŸ壬øߺ۸ϲýСһǲи߶һòϲϲ
＾ԹϷ̵ֵҪ֮žУʱˮĸȺҪۼһ
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һĵӣҺʦҲʶˣȻҪչǣɭΣձ鲼ǲҴ
ɭ֮УŸͬȺΪСҪıǰ岻ܲɱͬࡣ

ߺ۸߱ĩҪעһ㣬ҪһǸ֪ˣɭ粻ĵطÿߴһٲԨ
һ˸˼ӶţҪӶŵĹء
ף塣
˫ɢ⣬һޱڴǰӶŵӡ
ҹɫˮ
ˮۼأȼշžڻϿŵɢŨ
С˵ɭв׽Ԩ飬ؾ˵飬˫ûʲô
Ǿͺã⣬֮Ҫĵ̣ǾҲĴѹˡ
СζŻصԼǰļңҪʵˡ
С㣬ӶһôĴڣ
ǾʶСҲȻϤڷҲʸӶŵ飬ԾֻСˡ
Ӷô
СҲ˵Ҫ˸͵Ӷһ
ô˵أӶſ˵һĴڣÿһǾϴѪԺӡ
С˵ŹӶŵ顣
壬ӶŵĴھһָӶɭҲռһϯ֮ء
κΣɭӶŲӶһεĻ᳤ˣ屾ͲϣǽŸֽڴѹӶš
ǷģһȥӶţһᱣǰȻġ
ߺ۷ĴڣսϴôԼ汾죬иһð˸¶ġ
һҪע⡣
Сƺʲôһ㣬ɫȻó
Ӷ֮Ϊһ໥ɱöǴѪǮȻᱣǰȫһҪ뿪ıΧ
СҲǵĽĵˣϾɭ磬ʲô鶼ܷ
˵һҲϹģӶΪһҹ˫ʧأ̵ְӶűһ
֮ɭСķΪϲߡ
С˵ǵûˣ֮ýһа˸ڴ֡
һʱ䣬ҪһʱͻԼȻȥڤҹ֮Լ
ֻҪӡͿԱԼҪˡ
˫ֽ˫ȭķ֮еĹâŨҡ
ʱһһƺݺݵ³̵Կϡ
ǲ
֪ʱ³Զ˾ƿӣȻȶ˵³ҪԻһЩصľٶǱ˺ݺݴһ١
ϱôҪȻ㣬ߣ
³̾ŸҪ§Żǣ³ô
ֱֻץ³̵ĽʧС
³̻᲻
Ҫȥ³̶һײİɣô˵ҲǾֿѡ
ͬ⣬һ黹Ҫеģޣ𳬹Ǯ
Ǹɴ˰ɣǮ
³̵ⲻ֪³뿪Ļȴżѵˮһһ³̵Ĵǡ

1249 Ķ

1249  Ķ
ʱԭŸ³ʲôӹײĵļһС
һĺв˺ѷεĲҽУ֮˷ܹȵӡ
Ŀκȣ໥ű˴ˣǵҪ³̵ûб
ǡ
ȼʱ򣬾ͿĳǺһһ˷ܵı飬ͺǷʲôϲ¶һ
̶զˣ
ǵĿų磬˵˷ܹȣȷе˵ӦǷˡ
³̵ʲôĴ̼ôأˡ
ǣǡõôϱϱˣ
³ǰסҪʾһĶڻۿžҪ׵֧˫֣ƿ³̡
ӹӣֶĵġ
ȻԹţ³̻Ʋס˷ţţ³̳ˣһ졣
ˣ
˱ʾĻ̬ȣı飬Ӧʲôٶ³̲ƻ˷ܡ
ȡ
ųĿ⿴κȣежôᣬӦǾ仰¼еų綼κһˡ
磡
κȵһ糹׵׵ǵüȫëը
³̺ͻκȺųҲУܲˡ
ģԱߣС㿴˿Զ£ٺٵЦš
ĽҪϲĻҲǽܶ󣬱Ĳ˵ǾۼغÿŮӾͺܶ࣬Һ
лС⣬Ķ˰ɡ
ҡԴѾˣǧʱҲҪȥ
˵Ǿ仰ˡ
ǰ˵ĻĸΪˡ
ʲô
ξͽ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪ֮ΪĪʺĸ״̬
˰ˣԵԵͺãԵֵȻҲ͵ˡ
＾Խˣպˮ򳤵԰濪ʼ»ָȺľ۾ӵء
Ϊнİ˵Ŭһε＾϶ͷԣΪۼص峤ȻҪռ԰ĵطȫûһë¡
ЩЩЩң岻壬һᰴʱϱ߲þɸλ˴
£תֻʣһ±Ʋʵ޿κεĸ峤ǡ
ܰʲôʱôǿĸ֣ôδְ
ŮһĲ⣬ֵĻӦ֪һӦĶԲߣҲøĵز
ҵǺΪʲôǰʮûнȥҡ
˵ħĳϣħԹűΪٶȣħ岢ڤ֮дڵĴħ壬ħתǶ顣ĸԸΪħ֮ˡ
ħĳЦ˫ۣһϷı顣
һֱδڵˮ峤Ͽһħĳϡ
Ѿ̫εһ֮Ľһʲôô
˵ʱ峤ϸ߸ߵ̧򦣬ʮֲħĳ˵
˽֪ħħħҲе
Ǻǣ峤ȱż˵Ϸ໰û˵ء
ħ峤Źչߵǰһӣ̧˸ܣײڸ֮©һԶԳ
峤ϣħɭ淢ֵһЩ
ħ峤öƺϵʬ壬һӣһɫħʬϵİײȿǰ˾ʬǰ
ȫǱ̴֮˸ü˻
ϷѾ峤ϼʬˣЩǰħ˿彣
Ҫ֪ÿһ˶һԼ彣ɱ˰˵彣塣
ħ峤˵˴㲻ټ˵ȥʣµ˲ˡ
顣Ϊħħɭħ壬ôһ¶
лħ峤ϷˣȻԼ
峤ϱӣһӣʾʬ̧ȥ˦뿪԰ӡ
Ŷʧе峤ϣ˷׷ײ⣬ʲôԭ˶顣Ϊħɱ壬⵽ôһ¶
ԽǲȾԽ֪зʲô飬Խˣ𰸱Խĸһ˿κ˿
峤˽ʬմؼƮɢĻҽ峤Ͻ˫ȭбĶӣŶӵʬҷΪ׵峤ʹ˰ݡ
һеôһ¶
峤һڰӰ˳
˵˫ۿƮɢؼĻҳߵ峤
˵Ҫһһʮ˵ɭ֮ʲôΪҪɱҶӡ
ʬ˿ڵ״峤Ͼ֪˭ɱӡ
ˮ峤Ȼǿģ۾ߣټԽӽص㣬峤ߵĺܣֺ磬ɱӣҪһĽ͡
ЩѾԣ¹Сȫ
ɨһˮ峤Цš
Ǹ˲ǵˣҲ³
ֻܸһ飬㲻ˮĻʹ˰ݡ
ݣϷ˶ưոݣ㵽ԡ
峤ϻعŭĿŵֻҪһĽͣҪǰʬΡ
һһᣬǿĽԼ鳤֮ľ롣
ʵһֱԼΪΪ۷۵ߣȻ̤۳ڵˮ峤
ֻҪ֪ҲĶ֡
ԾڴˣʣµҲûбҪ˵ȥˡ
ջеĳĿ⿴һ峤
㵹Ӧøлңħ壬Ҳᱻ׷
㡭
峤Ҫ˵ʲôеĻ˻ȥֻǣеĺԽŨҡ
ҲͬԵǸˡ
峤ϣתȥ
ʱһӰ峤ǺŮ֣ż峤ϵĳ
֪˭ӱӵô
Ů˿ħƵıŷš
ħ
ħΣ֪˭³͸һëȻ֪ĻԪ˭
ŮڰУеЦݷ·ƻ峤һ㡣
峤ϰԼϵһëǺͺŮ˽ס
˵˭
Ǹ˰Ľģھۼңء
ŮһӣһƬɫ̳̳֮еľһɭзһĻ

1250 

1250  
ʱۼ֮ء
Ϊף¶Լļ԰ۼصǿʢᡣ
Ƽȳİڷϣظ裬ĵΪ֮׵Ҹеˡ
Ǳѹôܻ꣬صԼļңϤĻݲϤһУ屾е
Ⱦƣ飡
ɱҪԼȣ
ӣҪǸҶӾͰʬΡ
ĩһаźţһص֮䡣
ۼصĴűըűߵܵ˲ȫѪ
ڽǰ˲Ǳˣˮ峤ϡ
ģ
峤һŭ׼ȷĽŽĵ֡
峤ϣۼʲôЭ
Эôˣϲ峤ϵҪΪҶӱ𡣡
峤һҧɱԼӵ֣ۼصĿľΪ˸
ߣڵҲʲô峤ϣһҪΪӸĸס
ֵͽۼΪ㣬˺üٺˣڵӣҪۼΪƽˡ
ʲô˼ʲô𡣡
ߣһȥû¶
峤ǰƿ壬㿪峤ϵʽڽĵǰƱҪżӡ
壬ǵ飬ġ
ĲûΪ峤ϵĳֶе£֮˺ǵͺá
ǣ㻹ΪԼСӰ¶ϹҲ͡
žƱֵĸߺסӣʾһԿϷͺá
뿴ĵ˾ôӦһεΣϾԷĳϣ
СѾͷƬӰˣ
ӦòС
ҡҡͷ³̵˵
Ǻ峤ϽǼ棬Ҳֻѣ˵ˡ
峤ϾȻ׼ȷĽĵ֣ʮȷɱЩ˵־ǣûʲô¶˵ȥ
ģô룿
ȴϼһ˵
ҲƣԼҲֻС֪֮⣬ɭ˸֪Լ˭
Сɵ˰ΥðŶڤΣ͸¶κϢ˵˭峤ء
ģϷҪһһ˵
Ϊɶ
һŭʢģ峤ϱĵĶˣںǰ˭
һҲµûĻӦǵڿջõҪɱҵǸˡ
ڶ＾Դƾ£ҵͷϣ֤ó֤ó
ɭ֮ǿ̭Ӧ֪򡣡
ģˮЭΪ峤ȴö֮ôźüٺ˴ۼ֮أҪ壬ҪǱ߲þ֪ˣǺ᲻밡
Ľ峤ϵΪ󣬴ӰȺ֮ĳޡ
Ҳ׷׸ţʵĵҲˣ뿪ˮѲһ＾Դ嶪ȡ˵һôɵֶΣ
ˣ޳
ĪҪϷ˵Щ߰飬Ϸһ׵ծģ峤ϣҲܹ
Ŷô˵ڵݲ峤£ȺҲȵȣ¶ܵİ֣԰ɡ
ĵһȣĿıΧΧ۵ĸԷ鷢ĺ
ԣϷҪǰ˵ͷ­šԼϷӵ֮顣
˵䣬峤Ϊף˷˰Уһʱ䣬ⱻڵסγӰӰ֮¡
˵һԳǷ㡣
ҪշеĻҲ֪񾳲ſˡ
Եһ£Ŷʮҡ
ĿɨŰеˣϳڶʮҡ
ҪԸȺΪֱӵİ취Ƿħ󷨡
Ȼзħ󷨣Ҳ࣬㲻ᱻסҲᱻ׵С
˵ҲᲨ޹壬˵ħòá
ԣȣӦ
֪ˣ
ԴһӣһֱڽָеĺڷֵܿǱͷųˡ
Ųһڰˡ
ڷĿݺݵĿԣȻҰڽָôõʱ䣬˷ɭ·֮ء
ˡ
Աʾֻ˷ֵܳѡ
ڷ׵ʱҲԼСߡ
סΧˣҪô
СʲôĴֲǲ֪ǿռ㹻СɵչҪȻС˦ĶҺ͹æˣϾе˶н⻤塣
ŶҾ롣
εЦţһʢ
ԴҵҲһʱûжȭˡ
ĺĸ˻һЩκȻ³̺ųĸڵǶʱ
չһȭˡ
˷ϣ
ף
˿׼İ˸Ůһϵı鶼ǲŵ֡
˸ǲǷˣԵĿɶĸ֣۷峤ϣҪô
꣡
³̰ڶŹؽ죬ӽָгһһ˶ߵ񵶣񵶳ֵһ˲䣬쫷紵
½̤ǽγһǿ³̶һһҵĿ·ϵǽһĬֻе׷״Ӱ׹
Ҫӱ͵Ϯ³̶ˣһ֣ĸַ·һ˲䶨ڰһ
һһһȭǻһˡ
صų׵粻ϵ˸ţڽӴһ˲䣬˫˲佹һƬ
ԭʮ˵ں޻֮±ʮˡ
Աĩ˵ǿʼ
ֵܽûȺô
ϡ
ãȻλү׼ӱҲܵ˿ˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ֮УЦᶼôŨҡ
һ˷Ļص˶ߣֵĹǷ׷תͷȥĿǰѪȻ棬ֽס֮⿴һ¡
һҪڰ˸ŮǰĺСһǽһҰ
һ֮ˮ֮ˡ
ĲҰĪˬ
Χ۵ȺҲвٱ۸屻˸Ů仨ˮҽڶ൱һ˵ĶԽĹ񫡣
Բۣһ
ƾɶƾ´ΪʲôҪһ㡣
һȭ£ǻһˣ³ֻܳ˸
Ȼˣ˻ûд񫣬˱мܲסһġ

1251 ҪôǮҪô

1251  ҪôǮҪô
ٶˣ˸ŮøҰܡ
ϢһˮȺǷ׷׸ϵۼ֮أ׵Ȼħ塣
ħԹűǶӪ񿴵峤ԴұŤʹᣬĵôһˬ˵á
˵ˣİϳˮħҲһλԿһὫԭԭ߲þˣ߲þͷĶΪ
ȻûҪˡ
Ϻǣⲻĳôô¶üٺզ˸ĺ޻֮ء
ħĳϺʱţͱĲصһħ˵䳰ȷ֮һеŭһȼ
κΣոձ̫أһֻܸɵۣʾħǱϳ죬ȻȺ֮ᱬһս
ħʲô
Ҫľǰѿ˶һ߸ϵ嵽ǸʲôɵıȺĺ޻ֵأǱܵġ
ң˵ĵ˾ѡ
ôʲôԼĶûñɱˣۼ֮鷳Ȳ˵ѹ壬˵ɱһʮ˲ܡ
ħ֪һЩģôǼΪλħһ޴ӵ֪ø³ǲúõһνѵܶԵħܵԩ
ӱ죬ɵħ塣
죬ʲôͳԼϺʲôϵ˵ˣҶ˵ﲻˣħԼԲҪﵽͷϣôһ＾û˶۸ô
ħǺĵץסһλ壬õĽֱˮԶûзӣԶĹˮ
㡭˵ʲô
Ŷԭ˰ͺλħ˵һħǼʲôϵ㿴ˣǶء
峤ϳֵʱ򣬽ĵ˱ԭ򣬵ǻ˺治ǣʲôйء
͹ԣźúõܴ֮ΥԶڤ飬ġ
ǵ˭ɭ淢ĳϣϲһھҧӵͽֱӵĹϵ
棬ĺ档
໥վĳϸǶݺݵĿŽġ
ɱ˳ǷծǮϷ򲻵ǣ벻֮
֮һȻ˿һξԻ帶صĴۡ
峤Ͽһ۽ºݻ֮󣬱תһ뿪ϾҲֻбķݶ
յĻȻصľۼ֮󣬶Ҫϱʣˮ򣬽帲
ɾ峤һ뿪ˮۼصʱ򣬽Ȱǰһס˵ȥ·
ʲô˼
峤ϿŵԼǰİ˸ˣһᡣ
ʲô˼˼ʲô˼
һ³һ˶ߵ񵶺峤ǰ赲һ˵ȥ
ǰһ֮г˱ӵĿ⿴ˡ
߾ߣǲǰۼصǼҳˣ
ȻǲŹȺˡ
ҲͽһǹձҪ͸뿪ˮǰӶŽһ֮ˮۼؾͱûмˡ
Ⱥ˱Ȼưոµġ
˵óʱе鶼ˣôĴ򣬸ɱɱһе鷳֮ź÷ĵ뿪ô
峤ǼۼͣĻǾۼصһ涼ǵ֮¡
ĵĻĸˣǴʱ˿ûгۼ֮صĻǽֻһˡ
˵һ仰ЩվҪ׵ġ
ҪʲôҸǣϷĳϣˮЭҪǸҶֵĻòþһǲȡͷġ
ǲɵȣղĸ˶ӽʱ˵ʲôϷյݲɶɶɶҪҪҸ˸ϸϸظһ飿
³̿񵶣ʮֱӵĿ峤ϣϲĸղŽʱһ˵ǣһ˵ǣʲôϲøˡ
峤ϣҲûʲôãҲǳҲӦġ
ĵĻһת֮ЩӦ
ڱ˿ƺҪ
֪ĵȴףЦŸ˵ûʱҲǸùʱ
ɣҲĲˣΪ⳥Ϊ峤ϱ̬⳥ǧʯľͺãҰռĵط
ꡪ
Ļ£Χ۵Ƿ׷Ц
Ѿͷûķ֮ݺݵĿһ峤ϡ
Ͳ֪ĳϻôǼӲȥأǽǮƳˮء
ɣǰİ˸ŮǸ֣԰˸˵ʵٶˣһһ峤ϣǺ棬ʲôʱĸ֡
ǿϷˣߺۺҲǵһο˸˳֣û뵽⼸СëͷӵʵԶԶĻҪǿĶöࡣ
Ϊʲô˸С˵һɭˡ
ߺ۶žƱЦţЦǵǷ׷תһһӶųҲڣӶųֵĻЩ˸ˡ
ϸ磬⼸ǰ;ܴȺˣţͦ󡣡
ߺ۵ĻҲЦΡ
ȻѾ֪СӵʵǿһȴԶԶԼеĻҪǿööࡣ
ֵʱη֮ɫ֮δҳ˵Ӣˡ
Ҳһû뵽ղźսʱ򣬼Իûչֳʵ˺档
ʲôҪôǮҪô¡
Ⱥ˷ϻֻҪôͽǮԶԶĹˮ򣬲ҴӴԺ󲻵̤ˮ벽Ҫôˡ
ҲܲµõȺ˻ˮĻ뿪ˮ֮ۼ֮һᱻǶ޹ǽв˵ɱ
ʱ򣬾֪ΪҲԶˮⲻ˽ʡ
̫ˣ
ס
ĳϻ˵껰ͱˡ
ˣ廮˵ˣǲˣȺüٺ˴ۼɱģһ
һĻûʲô˼һһֲϸϸƷζһ˼ɾͶȥˡ

1252 ˾

1252 ˾
ȣȷȷʵʵдЭۼ֮أǾ仰ǰ˸ŮٴεĻ廹᲻ˮ˵
˵
ٴΣ岻ЭĹԸ˵ݴۼأȴɱļĽȺ˸ɱˣ߲þҲ˵ʲô
ϾдЭۼأһﻰⶼ˵е飬ԻǾ仰ǼŮɱˣҲ׷
ŮˮѡһѡǮҹˮȻ˵Ǹ裬ٻ
ڶ屻˸˴ѾûʲôϿˣˡ
˵Ϳ峤ôˡ
Ϸ򾯸ñ֡
֣
峤Ͽ˵Ĺ֣¿֮еııôŨˡ
ǽǰһߵļ
Ҿ͹ˣѽ
һ伫Ļص֮䣬ЦıжôǷˡ
ѡǻͿԼˡ
һʱ˿̣ϱŷŨҵĹâǹâҫۡ
ߺۼ״ǰһק˽ġ
ϼһҪԱһµ
׹Ũҵ˼㣬ΧҲ׷ɢ±ڴʱһӻǰɫ֮²ϵҫŹɫĳҫĿ
˾ͺ˿һ۱޷תߡ
⣬ְȨ޶֮սڽ塣
ʮִԣȴҲһ仰£һӣ㿴峤ϵİ׹˲ʧ̱ڵϵ߲Ŀˣһ΢Ҫ˵ʲôȴ˵ڣֻɵɵڵϣƺĵûˡ
˻֮תŽ˹ÿһܿƮɢëɫĳԡ
ߵǰ֣ǣ˽ĵַڴߣ˷ӦϥڵϲҪŽĵ֮䡣
ڽķӦʱæ֡
ڿһĻһԾĻ
ʲô⣬ˣåŲӰˣ
𾴵ŮˡĴˣ˾ӣΪصľĴˣӴǸˡ
ЦţЦǸôºͣǣЦȴûκ¶ȡ
΢΢üͷ¿ŵϥԼǰӣôô⡣
һ㣬˸ղŽŮҲ˵֪ԼŮת
ǲļʲôϵǸǳųӵģ
ǣĴˡ
ɵϥڵϵ˫ֱŽģ۵׵ĳһ˿˿ȣһӿȿʮֲڡ
ĴϢŭЩİಢ塣
塭Լ˵Լʧ࣬ˣ
Χ۵㿴ҿ㣬˵¶ħҪһţĴ˾ӣܿˣĿǰΪֹҪɣǸŮʲôĴڣȻ˾˴
㵽˭ʲôĿģ
ǽĻӵ˶ûʲô߸о
ɷϣһӣ壬ĸ߹ѪͳټһЩǲ֪Ӱ˹⻷֮һ仰˳ۼصĿĵʲôӦò׽ô򵥡
˶ˣһǵΪϲҽЩɱ
˵䣬һǿϢϱŷѹ㿴İǱʲôס˺һƬ̵ʱ䣬һλ̳ʧ֮䡣
ҵ찡طû뵽徹ȻԼ˵ȲпΪ
в֪ߣȻҲ֮ˡ
õķطһֶԵ˵Ĳпͷרеһ츳ܡ
ңҲֻ֮һŲſƿأﻯһŻ潫˷գ׵׵ķմҲһͬʧ֮䡣
һ̳ɢ֮ǰۼ֮µٶֻʣѾɵ峤ϺӶˡ
Բۣôô
Լ˶´˶֣˵Աˡ
ҪСĲǡ
ǰһĻ˭֪ʲô⣬᲻˲ɱС
ĴˣΪ⳥ľʯ
һΣӴһӣѾȺۼ̧ڴ˽
ĸʱ˷׷׾
ΪģĽ
Ҫ֪ɭǿߣҲǿֹһ
ÿһ˵ж۷֮ϣ̧ڴӳˮۼ֮أ⡭
Χ۵벻һʺϵĻݴʱ˿̵ţֻĬĬؿǰ飬ͱžǾš
ڴװǾʯжپʯ֪һȽ˵ĿҪöࡣ
ǣɶֱ˵ôң಻á
ſˮʵ벻浽ʲô
ǵһμ棬ҼҲδйӵӰ죬֪֮ԼŮת˵֪һ
ʱӴӻóһǴģһͼֵơ
ĴǰһΣȻĴʲôʱпʲôʱȥɣĴʱضΪĴ˳

һ仰ý±Ʋѡ
զ£
ɶ˼
զ£
һһⲻԺиţʼһĿͶĿ⣬Ҳɶ飬ôҰ
ĴˣȻѾ͵ұ㲻ٶˡ
˵ţŽת뿪ʧ֮С
ֱӺͽ׵׵ʧǰĵ˻δع
ɶʱʶˡ
Ų⡣
ҿҪһ
Ľ㣬Ҳ㲻˼
˶ӵǸɶģ
κȺ³һһ׷˵ԼжӵԼĿģĸʺš
Ҳ֪Ҳǵһμӡ
˵ģҲŪס
ǵһεɭ磬ĳô֪ɭ淢鲢׼ȷĽгԼ֡
ӵĳʵǹ֣֪Լˮһ
˲⣬һоͽ͸˹Ϊ֮һжע˵顣
ɶأȻ벻׾ͱˣǮҪ
šе
Ȼ벻׵ǾͲȥˣǮҪ
һԵĸߺۺȴǿŽģ˵Ůֵʱ򣬾һֱŽĿ
Ů񣿡

1253 һȺô

1253 һȺô
ӣ˾
ĿʲôΪγۼ֮أֻǼ򵥵Ϊôô
𰸣һˣǣǵĿʲôû֪ԼĳΪʲôֽ֪нģ
һһеڽԺвϵţֱ뿪ۼ֮Ҳûд𰸡
˵ǸʲôĵʲôҪʲô
ǽɻҲҪŪӵĿʲôԼһ뺯
Ǹոɭ粻õʱ䣬Ҳһ뺯ĺʲôжô
ʣ֮ϵĴڣɭ֮еǿߣ͸Ҳ֪˹ʵĸ顣
ʲǿ֮ˣҲ߲ͬþһԱ
Ӵ˾ǰ͸ģһ˵ʲôʱʱȥһġ
Ҳ֪
Ҳ֪һеǸô¶ǣǾ仰һжûκδ𰸡
ǰĸľƺ«һ۰˸еʣͷžƺ«еľˮȾˮĸо˿֮ſڰοˡ
˵ǰοɣҲǰοٸһ˵֮󣬼Ҳپˡ
Ǹǻǻ㲻οԷʣҪǲĻô
Ļص˶ߣĵ˵ͷҲ˼
УĴʲôСΣѾӶŵˣһ֣Ǹɡ
ΪӶŵĳԪҪѪԣйԷ߲þˣֻҪξһС
ԣ˵öԣûʲôɥĵ飬¸ë
³Ϊ֮ģֳԾӣͬҲչ˵ܵǵΣ˭ΣգҪһվǱĩࡣ
빲иͬͬ
ԣǸɣʲôһ·ʮħˣʲô
˵һʮħǿĴҲɭ磬ķ˲飬͵һˡ
Щ޷ܵĻôЩΪǿʮħԿ
ԣǸɣүģ
ĩİ˸һģǰ·жôΣգôļţ赲ֻҪв˱ĩκһ˵ɱɱ
ߺۿһȺһǰ֮ʱѪ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣߺ۵˵ͷ͵ĿŰ˸ˡ
ǳɣȻѾˣǰӶŵĴӪ
ڱĩѧӺҩĵӣߺ֪ʱЩԵģϾ˭Ҳ֪ǰ˸ʲôӵꡣ
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˸ˣ磬ܵô˺˭Ҳ֪ԣһʼߺ۲еİ˸Ů
һ˲ǳ֮᰿ʻΪưԾݵľʮڴۿ˸Ůڷɵʱ
ҹɫ
ĵڸߺ۵ĴѾ뿪ˮһˣǰӶӪҲӶڵĳУߺʱһ
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Ȼֻһô򵥣ǻõͽȴǰǧľʯ
ӶŵųҲҪһ£ԣôõĲ¾˳ֽˡ
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ջȥ˾ûˣʯǶ𣬵ҵ֮ϷȻḶʣµʯ
ߵܳأӦǸӣΪֻ֮ͣʣȫȫһ֧š
ûĻſϵŮһۡ
ɣҽˡ
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һ仰м˵ģ׻˵úãǮǺö˵ǮǺöɹƭǲܵģɥĵǱĩǸɲġ
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øߺƷѵȷʵԵģοԸߺ۵ĸԣ̶ȸȱǮ
ǼҪһپֱ˵
ò¸ߺҲ֪С˵ʲô⣬˰ˣȻСһϲԾͳԸȵӶӪ֮һˡ
ٺ٣ô˵ͼˣǼûĵô
Ļøߺۺһٱӡ
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ˣ
һа˸ڸߺ۵󣬻ȸԾǰҹжôóԳʲôʲôʲôǽԻıʷӵ˼¡
һʼߺֻΪ˸ӶѣٳܳԶ٣˸Ի׵ʱǧڶˡ
ġһײıһûȢϱ
ȢϱˮӣǮȢϱǡ
ιƽ㲻㲻ôҡ
ȣ֮ĸ㣬ıĳԡ
ɶ
˵ɶ
԰˵ɶû
蹷һİ˸˳۳Ҳ֮УĶǹ֮ʳԵĶǾµĲȣߺۺڰڵץͷӽģûС˵ǣǺӺ
ߺܵͷɺ뻹Ƿٶ
ϾߺۿӶŵųΪ԰ӵ鱻кɭ硣
Ӷעصľգߺֻ۸Ǯ
лүԺ
˸ǳԱˣߺۿǶս޲ðԼ
壬զˣ
壬ɫôôѿ
κȺǹĵĿŸߺۣģǱ֮еϷ֮жôŨˡ
ΪɶǵȻ֪һʳĺóԣһҲҪúһٸ塣
һһëεĸߺƷѵ˼㣬ᶼۿתţĺӱ˸۸˵ĵزڡ
ð֮󣬸ߺ̧ͷһı鿴Žĵˣ˵һ䷢ĵź
ǣһȺô
һٷʮʯʮʯʮʯ
Щȫͷˣȴ˸С˵Եĸɸɾ

1254 Ůйϵ

1254  Ůйϵ
ˣˣ˵ʱǶŬŬһЩ񣬰ٷǰô
ο壬Ҳе֪ŵȱ㣬û뵽һӾȻΪһٷʮʯļǮĿ޳
ô˵ߺųһ㡣
ȻߺҲţС˵ȻʵߣȵӶ֮ΪӶЧֻԻı̫ˣһٷʮʯ˶þܰǸˡ
ڸʲô
κȺǲĿڵϻȦȦĸߺۣųĿһۣ˵Ÿߺ۵ľٶ
ڼǵʳ
Ǹ岻ΪǳԵĶ࣬ͲҪ˰ɡ
ĺˣܲľЧԱȳԵĶ׬Ķö࣬οߵʱǧҪúõչǣô
Цķץ׼˸ϼʲôٶ
ô˵仰ʱ򣬸ߺˡ
壬еûԱ
ţ
³ǹⶺߺ۵ģߺۿɲ³ǿȺСӾǳԱ˻ܳһͷţԺҪעһЩǡ
ĿջУκȺͻסһ༸үǼһøߺ۵Ļ˵ǸˣʡһЩһЩ
զôأĪҪԺĳԷǮˣ
пܡ
˸ڴϿ컨壬ԺӶӡ
Ҫһʱ澡ܵǿԼȵһ֮󣬱Ҫصڵڤҹ档
Ͼ֮Լ׷һ꣬һʱԼ㹻ǿǿܹܽ⿪ӡʱҪ
ڤҹ΢΢üͷһμ·죬ǣǶ仨ʧʱ򣬽ĲԼȱʧԽŨ
ҲǰļѣϾŮڤҹ֮йһУҲýĺܲˬһ顣
ǽģŮ񣬾Ůתôˣֻǽİˡ
ģ㿴ʲô
ʱһ˷Ļҹɫ֮С
ߵߣѤõ̻Ũҡ
̻Ȼʲô
ǣϸ̻һ
ԣҲ֮˵ĸоʮֵĹ졣

ĵĸ֪˵Ǽ֮бȽеģĻ
˳ŻָŵķȥȻϸ֮£̻֮һ
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Ӧòɭ֮дŸָ壬ҲΪ֣Ͻ˯ɣ͸Ҫȥˡ
ɰɣϢɣȥһˮ
㣬˳·Ļһлл
ӾסһлһЩүǼһ棬˵Ҫôܾжôˡ
ߺϰˣһٸ˼һУҲ˯̤ʵ
˵ˣȺСһﶼǾĸ֣ĳʲôΣգϾͺˡ
ߺ˯̤ʵΪˣһ춯صĺü˫޷˯
˯ô
¡
ҪҪȥĺʵ˱
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˶챻ĥ蹻ˣߺ۵ĺǽһԭһϣϾʣһҿջзˣҷ䶼Ҫ
ķҲҪһʯɴȥˡ
ǣ֮£Ϊ˯һȾòӱĩİǮҪµķ䡣
Ȼĩİиǧʯɭңһʱ䣬ǱʲôϲĶԣĽܴһʯܡ
ΪʲôΪʮҵų籣ܣ𰸺ܼ򵥡
ųСĿȾǽĩİѽųĻȻ׬ϸǮ
ǣһȿʲôֵǵҩݣųԲգգ۾㽫еİѶȥʱǼ˾ֻϽֹˡ
Ĳ֪ǼٵĲ֪
׼˯ʱ򣬲Զһͣ˽Ų
˵ǻ˼ҵŮйϵ
ǵȻˣ˵ܾǰǻ˼ҵĹӺһŮమҲ֪ؽƵĹϵûкýġ
˵Źڴ˼ҺŮİ£˵һǸ磬ǿ߱鲼ɭ磬Ҳ޷ΥֻøΪҵ³
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ȵȣе㲻ףʧˣŮȴǻ⣬ôһ¶Ůˣ
һǸã˵֪
˼˵ţ˵Ŵ˵е顣
аʱˣǸĹҲǸߣֻϧɽٵʱΥŮΪ˾İ֮˸ԸգԼøȴʧԴ֮ÿʮǸҹŮ֡
ҵ찡Ҳ̫˰ɣŮȻ壬ΪһȴŮɺް
˰˼ȾȥҪֺͣöûˡ
ɣղ飬ߺȾȥ
˵ʧĶߣת˿ҡҡͷ
Ͼ飬ǻдӵϺãڱֱܲ㲻֡
֪
ЦţֻЦ֮żį֮⡣
ף˵һֱڵŮĹǧʱ仹ʱ䣬ֻҪ֮䣬һֱȥţһȵ
µʱ򣬻Ǹ֮ܵ޷ͻƵϣĵ׵һ˿˿ˡ
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һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ³һת˷С
ת۱һҹȵѾǵڶˡ
ĴһǷɢϳ͡
ǲô
֪Ϊʲô˯һ֮ⷦƣۣӦ̻˯òȡ
ðĽôһƣجˣ
Ҳجΰɡ
ҡҡͷһӱ㲻ٳˣ˵Ρ
˯֮εһŮӣŮӲ壬һ¾վںϱԶŮǸĻеŮӡ
ļǵãŮӻعʱ촽΢һˮ˳յ˵ϣһ֮Ѫɫʮˡ
ûĻεӦŮˣҺҲ¶
ʮȷİŮŮҺ͸ӵǸйء

1255 ɽׯ

1255 ɽׯ
˵Ů๫మĹ£ŮΪ˹ӵһ٣ǹȴʧӰ١
ģ˵
ĹǸ˵ԷΣֻҪమˣҲһΥ
ǣ๫ӾȻɥĲ˺޵
ҵǾãǲʲôᰡ
κ˵£Ȼ˵廹嶼лˣŮ͹Ӷమ鲻٣һݸȷɡ
κţһһ֮ģǲʲôǲ֪᣿
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ϣǶ˰
Ѿ緹ߺŴ¥ߣͽŰ
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ߺЦЦʾ˲ЩȽڣֻҪԵĿĳԵĸ˾ˡ
ˣ׼׼ɣȥɽׯ
³̱Ե㣬ǿŰϱ߻ŵӡ˰ɡ
˼򵥵ʰһŸߺ˾ɽׯˣ˵еŮֹ
ɽׯ濴һܴɽׯӦǮ˾סĵطǣɽׯȴһ˶ûУˣ˵ûʲôˣɽׯȴɾ쳣֩ûС
һ紵˫ۣһ˲䣬˽񾭡
Сģ
š
̤ɽׯʱһֲõĸоָоħ˵ĸо֮ЩʥѹָУȥΰݵʱǷ˵ĸоһ
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ԣܲܲʲô
оʲôѹһ
֪ʲôݴʱ˿̵ĸоֵ֣Լù졣
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СһЩǡ
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ȡǣǵͷôˣ
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κȲŵ֣ǰİɫŸɿɳڵƤۿһӺ
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Կ˿κȺͻֿ˿ģ˱һͬģΪֻлκȱ˥ϣû¶
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һЦصɽׯУߺһǰӻ
ηٴٹ
˵ȻߺۺԹİܳԣؼʱǻǵġ
һЦ˷һŰµŮӳǰŮӲǱˣǻŵŮӡ
ŮӵĿ⿴κȣָĳ
ȻݣҲǵİʮѣ˥ϵ㡣
ԣϢ
һʱҲʲôϢϢʮƣвϢлűϢ˷ֲʲô
ȻŮ˶֣Ǿͺ˵ˡ

ٻѾɳΪͤͤŮľӽָվǰİŮӣü΢΢һ塣
ˣôǳʮ
ʲôУ˵ʮ
˺ͽĵıһʲôٴΣŮ˵оȻʮ
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˵ˣؼķ֮ŮԹɣôͽϵһˡ
˼壬֮ԹΪ֣֮ҲˣֻΪļʺܵͺܵͣҲѵһˡ
ļʺܶ࣬ǧ꼸ųôһǴϹŶҲָģһμȺͰкܴĹϵ
Ȼ֪ʲôͺ˵ˡ
Ļ³һʾ⾻ǰһɱʮ
ھ׼ǰʱŮһӣκȺͻ˲䵹ڵϣһβʮһ㡣
ʲô
ųӵŵزκȣ۶ԼŨҵɱ⡣
ǺǣɱһأֻҪһ֣˲
ŮĿʮֲĿŻκȣԼŶ˵ꡣ
鰮ֵֶǮв΢İ֮Ҫľһе໥Թ໥ɱô˼

ʱųϱ鲼ɫ׵磬׵֮͸¶ǿɱɽׯ֮С
³û˵ֻǱźѵĻǻʲô⣬ŮصĴۣԼǡ
壬˺󣡡
İӣӿʼڱһֱžɽׯŮĴӳ֣ɽׯŵϢŨҿ
һʼ֪ʲôҲ֣ŮΣ˻κȵֱ
ɶ
ߺ۲֪Ҫʲôֱ˵һȷѡ
ڸߺ˵ǽǵʱڸھɽׯϿգҰ׵ǿѹǵصϮ
ѡ񣬷ɻǡ
˫ֽӡǿķħ󷨽ɽׯС
Ůˣһ÷ħ󷨽ŮУаĴΣ˺ĩˣͷ
һ˫鲼˫ٴνӡħе׵硣
ΪƾЩ˺ң̫ˡ
Ŷô

1256 ܲô

1256 ܲô
ħ󷨲ͬ󷨣һ֮Уаᱻ׵УԷԽǿ׵ЧñԽǿ󣬿֪ʮŮֵܵȼ׵ʺ
ҵص֮䣬ǽҲЩ㶡
Ԥ֮лҪǿ׵ڶ˫ֽӡ䣬Էֹ׵ɡ
Ȼ׵緲µĿ΢΢ҪСעһЩϾŮʮ
ǲ֪ʲôɼȻʮȻ֪׵ĵȼȵʱԸʱ׵Ũҡ
׵쳹ŮҲʲôɫøùͲǰССή׵硣


һ
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ȻûĸεĶѵУҲκΣա
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磡
ų³̶˵ĻﵹŮһ£ͬʱҲʩûκҵĻ
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ǣָȻκȺͻˡ
Ը⣬ֻҪ㲻˺ȣʲô
ʲôʱֵ㡭˵ˡ
³̱ڻеĻ֣Ҫһû³̵Դ˵ķȫο̧֡
³ĸԸһôĿ³ΪԼա
֮еŮδκ˵ĻᣬһԻᣬѳڶǰͬʱһǿĽ罫⣬ǸߺҲ޷ͻϡ
ãȻĸԸԼҾ͸ᣬֻҪŽأҾͷŹŮӡ
ѳճ³̺ųǰ˶һۣк޳ɣһһѽС
Ҫ磡
³̣ĸң
ΪŮܹȫǣΪܻȥΪĩֳ³ȻԴ
ų³̻عͷ
֮Ǻúõչǣĩϴλþͽˣ
³Цţв޾⣬عͷŸ˥ϵĻԾŨҵЦ⡣
ϱģʮһҵ㡣
ֻأһֻذˣʮʮʱѡ
ʮ֮³һú
ȡ
ųųĹصκߣ֣޳ָظκȵգôôİ벻ᡣ
֮ҪúõչԼʮ֮һҵ㡣
ųϵĳκȵͷϣôѪȻ档
׼ô۸·ҲиӦҪߵü͵ȵҡ
ͬ
׼Լţų³̶˽Լ
һҵʹᴩ壬ֵǣ͸ʱȴ𣬶߽ĵ˵ĽҲʧĵȻ޴档
ô¶
ˣκȺͻҲָɽׯ֮ϳ˷ħ֮Ů֮⣬ŵһкûзһ
þ
ų³õĸǳֻѰѰ֦ѡ
һжŮ˲µĻþ壬ʵ֤Ļþܸ֮İ顣
Цû뵽仹氮
ŮЦĺǱˣҲһѪᡣ
ɽׯ֮ǻ˰֮ãÿÿɽׯ֮У󶼻Ϊİ·֮ˡ
Ůİл䣬κȺͻϡ
ǰ겻͵ʮ꣬ǣΪˣ֮ĸΪֿ⣬μκĴڡ
ҲΪˣԼͻ˻þϡ
ô¶
֦³̸û׹ǰôյ˵ų粻ӦôôںúõأĳҲ֦
զ¶զ¶ô
žһߵ³ߣֱһƺݺݵش³̵ϣһƴ³̸±Ʋѡ
ϱҡ
³Ҫ˵ʲôɲ˵֣㿴Žż
ͻȻת³˫ۣϻʹһжʵġ
ϱ

һߣκߵųߣǰԸΪԼˣۿһ
ޣ޾Ͳˡ
硣
κ̧ͷų˫ۣ˵еĻ
ԸΪҷҺܸж֪ôҲҪˣˣҶȻԵϡ
κȴδ˵ĻɽʱգҪų磬Ҫɵ¶ܲʧȥųĺ
Ǵģھ˼ԣ벻Ҫӣô
ųЦţֽκȱڻУģеİ޲ðѼ֮ᶼȫиκһˡ
ãġ
һ仰УųͷκȵĴǣǻеŮգжôˡ
ŶΪʲôȺͻˡ
ߺ˵ĵ˵ͷŽĵļ
û¶ӶųúÿҲ٣һθڵģģǵôҵô궼ˣĹ
壬ܱô
ôܰĳͱߺ۸ƻˣǲ˵ʲô
ôˣҲȨĺòá
˵ˣڣߣ
ڤҹ
ڡǲǰ¶Ҫĸܲô
Լ˻һҪ飬ǰŮ
ŵһжŮĻþ壬ĿıΪ˲֮Ƿ氮κȺų磬³ñ˴֮氮ϣ֮أ

1257 ټ

1257 ټ
֮أ֮Σ
ĵ˺Ů࿴˱˴һۣоȻһ˿˿֮⡣
Ǹʲôͷһ£ôĿΪɶ
ġ

ŮĻһϵеľٶȫȫǴģھɽׯǻ˰ʱ䣬Ϊܶ顣
統ˣСӵǳԣŻ·˵ȵȵȣֹ֮Ĵ˵ŮܲɷֵĹϵ
㣬ǳԶ˳ŵôʮרŻˣ
ʮ˵ô
Ůӳһ˱״ԲһСĶǲϸĻͿջϲ˵İɫûʲô𣬸볯ʮķȥ롣
ʵˣɫĲӾʮİ
˵ϹŴǻıʮ֮⣬õ˴ϻ۾п֪̽ǰá
ŮȻʮ硭
ΪˣûбŮԹۻǱʥϢŮΪûжԲŲᱻɡ
ɽׯ֮Уߺ۴ŶĵϯضŮ˵Ź飬ΪҪľŮΪʲô˹
˶벻ֻأ̤ʬ޵·Щ֮⣬ϲҪǰڤ磬ֻ̤֮УǱɶˡ
ǣŮȴ˰֮ϣ˾ɽׯһЦԷǵĶ硣
ôЩҲǵò̫ˣҼǵõʱҸһ٣ҷˣ֮Ϊʮİһҵ꣬Ҳڰ֮ϣΪŮ
γʮֿ̣һΪ㲻ֻ֮֮࣬ԲӵҵʶΪҪǣǿĻΪָտɴ顣
Ǿ仰ŮȫûⷽŸ˾Ѿˡ
֮Ҳ֪ˣھɽׯ˺þҲǻѾҰɡ
Ů磬ҲǸߺһν֮лϵŮӣøߺѰҵŮӡ
̯ϵ硣
㣬궼ھɽׯϹƣΪʲôȥ;ס
ӣΪҲ밡Ȼ˵Ͼ׽ǡɱꡣ
˽һ㻹С֪еĿ⡣
Ȼǲ꣬ҵʱΪ˸ӵ׽ٻɢ껹ûȫۼһôҲеػƣܻķΧҲھɽׯһǿķ䣬ַר࣬ȻҲ
ߣҿŮˣǷҵģȻҪţҲŲҪȥء
ף绹Թ޹ӣⶼʱˣӷǵûԼ֮ûκεѶһǰʱ䡣
֮ǲʲô᣿
֮ǰ˹п֪һʱĹɭǿˣҪ̤񾳣֪ڶɽٵʱ׽٣ʱΪӵס׽٣ùӻ
֮ɢҲ䲻
ᣬߣ˭֪ԼúÿǮûйС
˵ʱ绹ƲƲͣһı飬˶óλѾΪŮĴлʮֵŹӡ
񣬰ѾŮ϶ΪһҪǸܵ顣
˵һʮǿĴڣһյһ˵İӦ˵һ
ҪʮĻ͵ĴߣɣһæȥתһȦҾ͸ˡ
ھɽׯ˰ʱ䣬ҲˣôеĽỹҪ⿪ģȻòгʱΪйȥĽٳΪ˶͵òʧˡ
˵ǰȺ˴ȥһҪҪӵ䣬ܶԷǽӻΣֻҪһҲİˡ
㣬ȷô
ĽţҺϰʮһͣŮС

һݳĳ徢ȫ˰ԼΪ˰һճ᲻õɵ㰡
ŮȷҪǣĸԸ
ţȻôңںͰ϶ΪһҾڰʧҾ˵ˣô˵ҲǼСƨʲôõġ
Ŀ
С¶ȺСΪأҪǲپɽׯȥܻȺСӡ
ãȻˣͶˣǴȥҪӦǣʱۿʲôҪ򶨣躦ˡ
ˣһΪɲС
֪Լᷢ˺ˣΪһֵãҲ
ֻȥһǸǺǻǰֻҪһ۾Ѿ֪ˡ
ɣھ̡
ȵȣȥʰһ񡣡
˸ߺۣصдһӵʱ䣬һγʱһİװĽƱ
ʲôԪ񣬸ǧѵһıȵȡ
Ů㲻˵û뿪ɽׯԶôôô񡣡
ŶЩЩеǸϹĶеǴӺ¼ġ
ˣһĽƱһҪԷǲ氮ŮģҲΪѵˣ˳Щһ¶Էǲİű˴ˡ
һЩµϵĶ
ñЩҹʲôıƭģͻѰЩ֮ǰʮֻ˳ȺЩεȵȶ
Ҳнġ
һˣǵЩ͸͸ģŴӲԲ
˵¶Ҳ߯ˡ
˸ߺ֮⣬ĵôϲǮҲûЩ˵Ķ
ˣǻǸϽ߰ɣ֮ǰڡ
Ϊ˷ɽκȱ㽫Լİһͬ˽ָ֮УԭӦǽĺģκΣСߺ粻ԸջǽκȵĽָͣ

ɫ\֮䣬ڻص
ջҹ̷һĵ˶һЦĺϲ£죬һĽԼҵʳȵȣĸߺԹʶۡ
ڣһλصΪ˳ԶҪ顣
Ȼ˵ֻǻصʵϣҪȥǸ˵ġ
˳ʱ·һ˴լǰ
ǰû飬ŵǸߺ۷Ǹˡ
ǣ
Ѿˡ
ڽĵ˵һ˵һ仰ݡ
̤Ьٴȫѹˣ˰֮õʱ䣬̤Ԭ

1258 Ҷ˵

1258 Ҷ˵
Ԭ˶ԬĹΪӣԬɡ
ԬʱֱֱĿǰѾΪŮӣǰһϥ˵ϡ
ڻˡ
һűʱ伷ѹĸ飬þ޷ƽ
оȻһ˿ˮ
ǣ
ڰ֮У¿Լߣ·ʶһ㣬һϤӡƺʲôطܹ˵Ϣ
˭ҲǵˣϤ
仰ûκʧ䣬֮еƺ֪ᷢ顣
ȻģֻҪǵùӱɡ
ӣԬɣԬĴӣҲɭ֮вɶõš
ûаǰһǻɽٳΪ񾳵ߣҲΪɭ֮ǿĴڣΪҵ
ԬɡǳСء
Ԭɵ֣ʮ˼ġ
Ǽٻʱ䣬ʵûһ첻˼Ԭɡ
Ҳ޹ҲԹˣΪλΪʱţڿôټٵİ֮絹ǿÿˡ
Ԭֻ뿴ԬǷİãȢӻʲôֻҪһ۱ɣ֪ˣ뿪ԶԶ뿪ԼһֱҪڵӡ

ԬڳƺʱɼأǷĵģް֮⡣
˸ƾһһ֮Ԭ
֮УĶԬ棬һλʮעĿΪдŵıԬɵ֡
磬ĵǲ⡣
ճ˵Ԭھһν֮Ȼûгɹɽ٣ҲΪλǣԬҵ˲ԼҴƷ֮С
ҿЦԬСӳ
˫ȭϱŷɭϢ
һѾ˽ʱ䡣
ԬҵҲͲµ˽ջᷢһĻ׼˽͵˵ǣ˵ŰǰǸ˵ĺ
˵еĹһΪΪԬɵ׽٣绯˷ɻʧ֮䣬Ԭʧˡ
˵еĹµΪֹӴԺûκ˼Ԭɣе˵Ԭ֮󣬱㰾˼׷ѰİŮ뿪䡣
Ҳ˵Ԭ뿪һɽ֮йְ֮汾ʱ䣬Ԭ˵£׽֮Ľ֡
գΪ˱Լİ˵ס׽٣ǿǾ׽٣ԶԿ³껯ҽʧ֮䡣
İŮǰΪˣΪɷôġ
ǣ˼ഫҲʮ
ڰ֮£ϵɢ꣬ǣھ׽֮УȻΪԬɵס˵һ׽٣еڶĵ׽١
ԬˣѾΪеħϣ޷ڶȹ׽٣ˣеѰð硣
ΪۣԬҪȳ
һ뵽ԼİŮֺܹη
ڣԬȥһۣ𽥳͵磬һж֪ˣûκźˡ
ڰ¸Ϊһֻʧȥм
ǣΪڰϵΪλļǵԬɣû֪Ҳûܽ⿪⡣
Դ֮ԬҲͽûˣֱ񡣡
ԬңѾǰԬˣûһ˻Թ޴ӡ
ԬػʮѵĸԴʮУҲǾԬһ
ڵԬҰ˾ǧһжƽ
£߽תߵǰʱжһСӣװʲôû֪
統˵ǰ˺ӣ氲һֻӡ
һֻǺǰԬɴԴϵģֻܰں档
ãڵȵŮˡ
źĴӣɢŵָ֮ӵС
罫ӴϣһĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦôᡣ
ɣССʣȻԬСӵ⣬Ҿˡ
޹ˣԹˣˣճյ˰˾Ȼ뿪磬еִŲһա
ЦȴǱ֡
ҡҡеĴӣת뿪ҡҡͷʾ˸ദĿռ䣬һ˾һá
ˣһ顣
ƺʲôһһֱ˳͵˽ǰ
ϷµûĻǽĶôʮ֮ǰ˽ҵģת
ң
һ±ƣù˺ɫƣǴӲϻǴǼΪġ
ǡ
ʲôأ
˭ܲǸˣ
ӦòܣǸôϸħӦòĶ
ħǶģûûҵӪʮִħħô
һʱ벻ʲô˸ӣԼΪʲôҪӡ
㻹ǵøӵ˳ʲôģô
ʲôģǲ֪ȫ¶ںɫ֮Уʱһ仰˵ʲôѴĻǰײظ󡣡
ײظʲôط
ײظʲôõģ
ײظСѾͷôʶײظˣ
ߺ۸оԼ˻һСѾͷȻʶײظˡ
ʶҲǵһײظ֡
ʶײظˣҲǵһ֣ңЩô֪Լġ
Ҳʱ⣬ʲôˣ
ˣʱʲôˣ׼Ҳ١
ա
һҹʱ䣬ƺ⿪˼Ľᡣ
ǰ¿硣
Ůһߣ
а취ҺͰֿôûа취ʹһߣ߶߶ˡ
£ԹԵĻصκȵĽָ֮Уָ֮ǰκһЩóԵĸԡ
ôоõĲʮǸڡ
ͬС
ֶһԻѡ
ߺۺܵԼǮԼûɾͱ⼸ʳĸɸɾ
İɸ壬ǳһЩѼʲôģŮһԵĶһЩĵرñǧ֥˲εȵȵȣ
ŸߺۣȻߺʮԼǮһľ顣
Ҳŵ飬κȽָжһĳʲô飬Ҳš
ֻ̫Сˡ
żʱ䣬һ֮ս׺ڷСֻޣǵûаĸļ
Ҷǻŵ㡣

1259 ܼ

1259 ܼ
ԣܲܰǸߣ
ͬ⣬ų磬ôҲˣܲһ߶߶߶߶ưɡ
˵ǺڷޣڷСȻû˵Ƕͬһ˶һǧֵֻѼӡ
Ժų翴˿Źӵ磬ʾԼΪȣȵĽָУȨ˵⼸ƽ泤Լţƺߺģںͬһܹƥеˣһ¶
һȺϲģԼҾ󣬿ǡ
һ仰ڣڷС޼˾ҪҪ˵һ仰Ļһǧһڵǡ
ˣвỤ̊
ǾȻΪϹϾǻΪŮʱҲռˣֻźڷСߺ޵۸
۸ǴСõ۸һǣþﲻˬ֣ƾųܱȺ޳˸ƿһˬ֡
ڳⷽ棬ȫȫıСö
ģнڣȺ۸㡣
ʱŶ˵ͶѾˣϹʱǣȴ࣬ԽԾҲΪ
ߺۿһۼгĻ棬мǰοͬҲʡ
οΪ˸СһܹദȻǾ˹ΪһöԻǮԼٶȸɱ
ʣǹײظ顣
ʱԬ߽ײظʮɱģҪ֪ײظɭĵһɱ֣ʮɱײظϼܵơ
ÿÿ뵽˴ߺ۸ǲ⣬һֻǸ˲ܽ͵
ˣèˣʰʰȥɰɡ
ϡ
Сӣƾڻܳңɵӣʲôû˾޾Ůô
Ҳ֪׺ôǵ磬⵽ʹ˵ʳĺ׺޺޲ðˡ
ǣ׺ûκηӣֻĿ籧ǵʳص˽ָС
ǿ벻̣Ҫƴˣ
ڷ˵裬צڵϣҪƴˣϧڷ磬յڽָ֮гζɿڵʳ
һ뿪ѾһʱˣھŮ֮ڸߺ۵Ĵֱǰɡ
ɭ޵ĵڶУҲӶľۼ֮ء
˵ɭ֮еӶض֮С
гһµʱ֮ɡ
ʵ˱ɣֻ·ַһЩ飬ŵ˵ĽŲ
ۣɣô󣡡
³Ŵ¿ɣ˵ģĴ󣬱֮еɻҪöࡣ
°ͣһûı顣
Ȼô˵ҲеľȾǾš
ɣΪɭĵڶУȻǷޱȣÿһש䷨ӳֹģҲԺͻ˶ڵо䷨
㿴䷨أء
ǰδżδ
κȼҩʱıһڼ䷨ʱҲ˷ΪԼϱ³ҲĶ˻ߣһоı顣
ǰ
֪ƨЩש϶ӳһ䷨µûĻЩ䷨Ӧʹɲ˺䷨
Ҫ֪ӳһשõ䷨࣬ǣôÿһשͷӳ䷨ǶôӴḶ́ҪķѶٵΪ
ԴˣԸǸппɵķǿ
ˣԺжʱȥ
ߺۺ⼸С˶ӵ̬ȣȥӶΪá
͵ߺ۴ŽĵǰӶܲʱһȺ˳˵ȥ·
ιⲻӶŵĸϴôôòżСӣĪ˽ӣ
˵˫ֱŵ֮£Ǵͷҫ˵˫ۡ
Ϲٺûʱ㳶Ƥ
ߺƺϹٺĹͷתҪ뿪ϹٺɲŹߺԼȺСӡ
𰡣ϸҲжʱûˣο㻹ô˽ӻһ
ϹٺЦص˶ߣʮַꡣ
ͷզô˷أ
ǽģˡ
׻˵úã߲߲һ⡣
Ϲٺ¶Ҫȥñ
⻰ô˵ģʲôôǲʲô˵֪

1260 ۶ǹ

1260 ۶ǹ
ǣɭĵڶУҲӶۼ֮ء
ִӳ֮ΪӶ֮ǣһӶľۼħ塣
ȻӶĳУǱȻͺñǰϹٺˡ
ϹٺӶҲǵػӶŵĶ֣һӶŲͣ񿴵ߺ۴Ű˸СëͷӻصǣȻʹ˰ݡ
ػӶźӶӶŶӣԶԼʵΪҪıǵػӶ֮в壬ȵȵȵȣңػӶΪܴﵽĿԲֶΡ
ƾһӺݾռһϯ֮ء
ͺͷžǷᰡ
³¿Ϲٺ֮£ǹͷĹâʮִۣҴ쳣׶ڵһۿȥʮֲϲˡ
Ǵǣڸѿһץסǰ˸˵˵¶Ȼ˵Ǹ˽ӡ
Ǻǣ
Ϲٺûʱ˵˵ˣϣӲŪ㣬ù
ȻӶź͵ػӶŲͣϻҪȥģοߺۻӶŵϴػӶŵҲʶˡ
ػӶŵĶϹٺ·ڶ˵һ仰ǾֻѪˡ
ϹٺȻǵػӶŵĶ֣Ҳ֮еĺݾɫվǸߺ۵Ķ֣ڿߺĶŭ֮ʱҲһ˿˿ľ⡣
ػӶѾעǿӶš
뵽˴Ϲٺͦһǰÿ
ôţǼ޽ôǸ缸ɢҲۣѲԼӶŵϴͿԺΪô
Ϲٺһڣ㽫еĹ˵˸ߺ۵ϣԼס˵ȥ·ڵ˵˰׵ģǳΪܺߣΪ޹һ
ʼ˫ֶżЦǰϹٺΪ˵ϹٺǸߺ۵Ķ֣ͱǰļһҲߺġ
֮ԲϹٺȥҪҲǵǰ˸ˣϾէոյǣһЩҪ鷳Ϊá
ϧˣϹٺƺ׵뿪
ڸߺ׼ǰһ̵Ϲٺ˵ʱһɫӳС
ػӶеȣīɫĳһԺһ˫˫ţһһ㡣
ػӶŵųոմǴӪ뿪ͬʱҲǩӶһ껥ԤԾĪϹٶҵ뷴ϴϣ˵Ϲٺϴء
˵ʼնеӣһ˫ŵӣǸһЦĸоǴЦоκε¶ȡ
Ȼ˿˵֮ϹٺĽŲԭأһ˫ֿüëŭǰɽԼߺ۵ˡ
ɣȻϴǩӶŵЭ飬Ҳ˵ʲôӻǵǱˣһ֮Ӷ
£ϹٺһתȥҲתЦһ˫۾ŸߺԼߺĽһаˡ
ϴ㻹ǻ鷳ء
Ļϵܣôңе顣
ӲǱˣӶŵĸųĻϣ˳йߣƽһЦеı飬ʵȴǸǳǵĺݾɫ
ĻҲյ˸ߺ۵ż֮ӭӭ֮ǰҪӶź͵ػӶ֮Эǩ꣬û뵽ô̶̵һӶ֮ͳĦǼϴԲġ
һǼô
ĻϲߺۣǽĿڽİ˵ϣµĿżˣȻǰŵ˫Ǻ飬˶оĿ⿴͸ԣָо
࡫
Ծģſˮ
Ļ塣
Ļ塣
Ļ塣
Ŀ˿ڣҲ׷ִ̧кĻĻĽţ׻˵úǣֲЦˣοȺ˵оʮ߰ĺӶѡ
ǸӣǸǿöˡ
Ļڿ޽İ˵ʱ򣬻һߺۣΪӶϴĸߺ۱һϡ飬ӶţǶҲ󵱼ңǲϡء
ˣлӪذѣ֪żӻʱļ뿴ˡ
ɣлصӪ˵˵ǸЭʲôЭ飿
ߺ۲ĿĻϣǺ͵ػӶʲôЭǩġ
ȥ˵
Ļϰһ۸ߺۣǰ·ߺҲ˵ıͣԹԵĸĻصӶŵĴӪ
ôоĻǰһҲûа
³̺ǿ϶˵㣬ʵȻΪӶŵųȻʵۺΪĪ⣬˵ˣɭӶŵϴȻ˵ʵΪλ£Ըݣ߶ǸһȵĴڡ
񣬸ߺĻǰ͸СϱһĻһߺ۾ͲҶ˵һ֣
˵һ仰۵Ķǹ
˵׷˵һԣ˷׷׵ͷӭţ仰˵ȥֵֹģʮ
Ļϣһʮֲǵ
ʵϣӶŵϴȷȷʵʵǸߺɣֻߺ⣬һܽ鶼ߺۣĻڣ𹮹̰ڲչԼ罻ƹӶŲСˡ
ߺһĻϵӶŵųÿÿûĻϸؾ˻ȥ
Ϊɶ
ĲĿŸߺۣĻΪʲôܾ
˵ϴû˼ܵ¶࣬ұɱļҲࡣ
ԴӸߺ۳ΪӶϴ֮󣬸ͻᱻɱִɱȻЩɱֵ³ǱɱΪʬǵĽ֡
Ļϵ뷨ԽľĻǸס
˵ǻǺĻùϵȽϺãҪȻ֪ôġ
Ļ壬ǽӶŵķչʷɡ
ǰĻ壬Ӷڸз׳¼
ţĻһǴ֮ˣǽɡ
ϾԺҪӶŹ˵Ҫ̹ͺôһУΪؼľĻϡ
ģ³̣ԣκȺų˸ΧĻϵߣһݵӵȴĻϽӶŵ顣
ĸߺ۾ôһߣһ˹ں棬ȥҪôжôĿ
ǼС˶ӣ̫ʵ˰ɣ
ɸߺôźҲἸ˵ģĸߺһ·϶żûġ
ǰ˸С˵ûĵĹҵĺҵĻҵģ˾תˡ
˲ûֵڣҪǺĻ
ŶôĻ
Ļżҳ㣡
Ļ塭˰

1261 Ӷ

1261 Ӷ
صӶŻѾϵˡ
ĻϴŽĵȰ˳ӶŴӪУ˸ӵʱһӶŵĴүǶ쳣ĺ档
ϴһȺӶţû뵽ȺӱеͻҪСࡣ
ɣһȺʮĺҪӶô
ϴĻ϶ӣӦǲˣȻҲżӻ
ɿȺҲʮˡ꣬׼Ӷô
ӶŶ壬ÿһ˶Լı죬֮ˣŻռһϯ֮ء
񣬰˸СҪӶţӶעʵѪҺȻ˸˵飬ֻǣ⼸ӵǲе̫Сˡ
ϴ󡣡
ӶοĺǰǲĿ˿İˣֽת˸ߺ۵ϣɵɫء
ĴȺСһӶôΣյġ
຺ӿеĻﲻǶ԰˸˰ΣĵǣͬҲǲ
ӶΪۼӶţ֮վסŸҳΪһָӶţÿһ˶жصı졣
񣬰˸δɵСëӽǲЩ̫Цˡ
ΪϴĺûжʮҲǶʮü꺺ӣһһëû벻˵ôСѾͷƬӡ
ôЩС˶ӻǺȲɡ
ص֮ĸߺǱϹٺһ˵ֱС˵һ·ϳĺģתͺĻˣһһĻĽţˡ
ģߺеǲһ
³̣Ⱥ˱ȻȻǿǧ飬ҵġ
壬ⲻ
³̼ٲʹҲ˸ںҲڽѡ
⼸Сӽʲô˵ˣԼＸ֪
ߺ۰һ³̣ʾ຺ǰ³̹С
۷壬ǽˣɡ
һ£ߺʮø³̺۷ˣҲ׷ȥʱĳֻʣ۷³̡
³ǱĩΪĴڣǺ۷һȣֱС׼ס
۷壬̬壬һǸǵӡ
弴ҲŸԲͬĵеרޣеޣеʬޣҲе޻磬֮ܶеĵ·ֶ
۷֮УеıһͭƤǵǹ룬ټһ촸ǴĵĶߡ
СޣһǴܲˣɱźŽүү
۷ǰһ˫ֳ촸һͿڵ⣬³̱Ӱ֮˫ֻż̧ͷǰ̬׳˶ˡ
御ֱܳǡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ³̲ûд񵶡
ֻԵˣ岢ǵĵˣʶʶǵΪѣɲó
һߣһ߿Ϸıĩ߸һѹӣǵţƺ³̺֮伴һս
ģͦóԵġ
ԣǰǲǹôĶŹӰ
Ըҡ
԰һۣŹӡ
ȣЩˮӻ󡣡
л硣
Ҳ֪ųóһײߣϯض˵һྐྵһ衣
ԲۣҲҪ
Ҳһ
ҲҪһ
³֮⣬һΧڲԱߣСӹǽһ󣬿Ӷŵĺһ±ơ
ɶͲ˵Ǵˣ˵⼸˿Ϸ̬ǸӿȺеһԱôоЩһ㶼ġ
ǵ֪֪ʲôϰס
ߺһƨڽĺм䣬һոõĲ裬ִץһѹӣڼ֮С
۷ţһıˣ촸ģ嶼Ҫɵ֡
ˣ³Ҳ޵ţ˭ܴĹ˭ѽҶǧʯ³ʤ
Цķ³̶ģ۷ʵܸߣǲɷϵʵǣ³һʤġ
ôôҾ͸ǧʯ۷ʤĻǲǧʯҪѽµ񡣡
ɽ
ʮˬӦ˵Ŀⶼ³̺۷˵ϡ
һʮ߰꣬һǾӶճ˵۷Ȼȫȫѹ³⺢ӣɲ֪ΪΣǾȻ⺢ӵвһǿϢһֲ䲻һеǿ߰
Ҳ˵ˣӾǺ¶һӶѣվӶ֪ˡ

1262 СӲ

1262 СӲ
ĿУھ󲿷ֵӶУ³Ǳذɡ
³̶ս۷壬һ촸ٽټһȥϣ³ޱȡ
ӶһЩȰ˵³̷ȡһεıһȻ壬ʲô˭Ҳ˵
ӣиɾãɲҪðȻ£ֿԼԿ
˵һͷ׷ߣ߿ȥϰʮͣɭ˱Ƚϳ٣ټߣûҲİˡ
ߵȰ˵³Цš
үүģ˵ûҲǴڶʦ
ʲôԭ³ΪԼڵĵӣĵӡ
ɷϣǰȷȷʵʵһǿߣվǰûгУҲܸܵõ˵ǿ
Ⲣδ³̸е־壬֮ǼʤĶ־
³̣ǿǶǮ˹ҪӮҾûһ¡
һɤӺ˳߲ʾ³̣һαֻӮ䣬³̲
֮ô˵˵Ķѡ
ȻӮ˻ᱻһ׵仰³˷ܵĲҪҪģ˼Ѫһ
ǡ
ŹӺŲ裬һ۸ߺۡ
壬䶨ˡ
磬Ҫǡ
Ƕһ裬̬ȻĺŲ豭е裬Ǳ鵭úܣ³̻Ӯ۷塣
ǣ³̺ǿͱΪ۵ߣȻ׿Խ֮ˣδ;
ǣ³ԵĿӶŵĸ۷壬㵱ʮΧ۷һˣҲ۷仨ˮȻ˰µʱһս۷񣬳ΪӶŵǿս֮һ
οǶʯģ˵۷岻䡣
۷壬ӺúõĽѵѵȺûĵС˶ӣӮ֮Ⱦơ
ߺۺͽ߸˷ֱѹ۷³̣Ҳ˵ӶųĻ֮⣬ǮĶѹ۷ϡ
ʼ
Сɽһ۷͵Ŀ³̡
ССͱ˵ΪֲøϴǱһԴǻ
۷岻ǽеߣʵʵʵǿߣӷ߳ĺˣȻܲĳǰϲͬѰϢ
Խ۷Խһ³̵˻ǵ͵һЩĺã̽ȺСӣϵһÿΡ
Ȼ䣬һ۷˫ڵϣе촸һӣΪ˹ƽǰСȻûʹȻ۸ˡ
СһɣǹһУһȭϵĹ򡣡
ãͽ̡
֮УӰһԾ
۷ο࣬жȴʮֵݡ
˵ν֯ڿŭɳ֮У˿սΣֻܸܵɢϢ
û뵽СС꾹Ȼǳ˵Ļмܲסȭͷ
СһеҪ࣬ĻᷴΪʤ
ΪʤڵǺڽµǮȫѹȥˣСһһֱûС
˵ҡҡͷôͱǰľԻˣΪʲôĻ϶һѹ꣬ϧˣϧˣ
С۷սʼһֱûжģһֱز۷壬ĶԷ
Ҫ֪߶սһжʤģȵҲԣǸ³̵ٳٲ۷סҲĵǲĻ֮ڣ˱ɼʤ
һ۷ʧȥ׼ǰȥס³̵Ѩ֮ʱ³ȴǵϵһƺ󣬻Ϊ۷ͨĵط
³еĻ۷ͱ̴࣬˸͸ˡ
۷壬ôġһСתˣ
һ߱ڵȲĸߺ۲һվѾֳʤĶˣߺԴϵĺˮ
ˣ忴Ǹδɱ֣Ҳҵ˿ɳ֮
˵ţ³ǰ˫ֱȭиֹά֮⣬ӮˣҲԼ˵Ͷȡ֮ˣ۷ȵȵȵȣ
΢΢üͷһۻ
ӣǲǰ³̸ˣôͻȻ˵ˡ
ĵҲǺ棬⻰³˵˾氡
Ȼ˵ˣ³һ˵ֳ֮Чȷʵĺá
ţʤܲ٣СһģԺӶҪ˭۸ˣ͸˵㴷ǡ
ȻãлˣԺǼͿĻ϶ˡ
ȴùϵΪϲߣ

1263 ħ

1263 ħ
³۷һսȻ˵³ʤˣ۷Ҳǳȫ˵Ƕ浶ǹĶĻ³Ҳô۷ʲôˡ
³̵˵ȴ۷忪ģ˵һŰ˸˵Ļ
ٺ٣
ʱվһԵĸߺǰҲͼ׽
ǣӴ˵ȻǼƷеļƷӢ۳⻰ǰ˵ġ
ߺ۱ٴǰ˼ԺǧʯĶסϾǿǧʯǧġ
ǣĵܷŹĻôǽĲ֪ͣӶŵĶĻҲŹߺۡ
˶֪ߺΪӶŵųҷǳǮʮֵĿţƽҪӸϴǮǼǲܵ顣
˵ӶвҲעҰǮѹ۷ϣܿϴѪǮҲ֪ˡ
ϴ˵ˣӶſصľΪϴǲҪѶעСء
һϷı飬͵ŸϴǮɸߺ˭ͷǰ׽еġ
Ļ϶ܣ㿴ǶһӶŵģ㶼ӮôǮҪͽϸһЩǮȵϸӵʱͰǮȫ㣬Σ
ߺ۽ĿĻϵϣô˵Ҳֵһǧʯô飬԰ɣ
ʵϣǮķ棬ĻϿԽǮӶŵκһˣЩ֮Ψûиߺۡ
Ӷŵÿһ涼ףһǮ˸ߺ۵Ŀڴ棬ǺõĻǻĻʲôǮƣǾͱڴӸߺû
ҪǮĻܻԸָĽ˵ûǮ˵һЩĻͷת
Ǯķ棬ûκһڳһǮϴ
ΣϴΪӶŵųǧʯǸ˵֮٣ϴֺαصǮء
һ仰ܽ˼ǣҲ裬Ӷŵÿһ˶Ǯߺۣİɡ
Ļϵеӣ䡣ŵЦĿŽĵˣ⼸СΪҪ֮ǰеĻҪǿö࣬Ǹ³̵ĺӲսʤ۷壬ܹΣҪǽ֡
Ӷע˰˸ǿ
Ļ϶ܣ۸°ˣ㲻ô鰡ҵǮȺС˵·ϸˣûǮˡ
ߺ۷¶һǮûУڻǵһ·̣ǿʲôʲô
Ȼ˸ôԶԺҪЩСǵħȵȡ
Ļ϶ܣ㲻Ŀϸ֮аô
ġ
ĻϵĻ˸ߺ֣һ˫ŵ˫ЦеģŸߺеŭһ
ɣǇNɪԺӵҪ֪ʲôܡ
ĻϲδǮߺۣǱϾ¶עѾˣΪӶŵϴҲĿ֮²á
ץץŴǧʯġ
лл塣
峨
ǮҪСһһ٣ԼֵܻһԿֿЦߺ۸ŭա
Ⱥ˵ӵţ
ҹɫǣΪɭĵڶУԼķ
ǱȻģǷ֮Ÿ󲻵ľϲõģģģڰģֶ֮
ȻǶ˵İĵطǽҪĥ֮أһ˸൱⣬ӶŵĻʳ⡣
ǺȰ˵³̵үӣǶүΪʮүʮүӶŵϣ˵Ǳȵĸߺ۵Ҫ곤
ңʮүʱҲһǿߣķĴڣֻھһս֮󣬱תͳΪӶŵĺڣڹӶŵ顣
ۣúóԣ̫óˣĳеһƴ
ʮүĳԶԶ֮ϣĵ
˸ΧһţǰǸ룬װŸֲˣÿһеĲ˶ӵĺСɽһߡ
Ѵͷݸң̫óˣ壡
ֱһǿʼţڽĵ󣬾ˣѹںʲôֻͷԡ
үӣûˣ̫Եˣ
ԣϲԾͺãүˡ
ʮүϲ˸ϲýþöûпʵףҪǣ˸ӺʮֵͶԵ
һʱ䣬ʮү͵ĵԼŮһ۰ţӶŵһүĽ
ƽʱʱԷȻҲʮү³ʮүһ⻹һûпûгԹĲˡ

۷ŹӣſˮĲС
ϴ󣬼СһǶûԹˡ
۷壬Ļ϶ЩĿŽĵˣûԹӶŵĸүʡ͵ĵƣǾ˵ĴڣǺ˸Сһûÿɱԡ
ߺ˵ЩҲǼٻСǰѸߺ۸ˡ
ȼշž죬ͷһǽһ񫡣
ɶͺ˵Ҹȥ
ʮүģǾԲġ
³ŹͷĹ裬黨ĴֶƱʮү
ʮүǼСԺָչˣ³Ҳûɶ˵ģһжھ档
Ⱦƶû˼۷ӶųõĺӣȻ۷壬ʹ۷һΣ
ֱ֮ʱҲ֪ĸ˵һ仰һ˲䣬ĵ˵Ŀסˡ
ۿ³̶žƱվ룬ҪǰֹҲˣǧһ֮ʣųһһҼʮүתܡ
զˣ
ʮүһĿŰԼĶˣ̶̼֮׶˵ľٶΪ˾һ
ɣȻҾͲˡ
³ߵ˶м䣬оƾˣʱۼĻϿֻĽһȺˣҲһ˿õԤУһ㳯Žĵʧķȥ
ȿȣ
³ɤӣʼ裬׼ȷ˵ǿʼ˶֮
ߵϣԲԲ
ꡪ
ϵȪϣ𣡡
ˡˡ
е˶ϣů
ҵġأ
ȻΪӶϴεҰħƴɱѪߺҲδһиǿҵ
Ǹߺۣ۷˫˫Ųãһһѵĳŵţͼ뿪һƬ
׻˵úãҪ㵽
˼³̵ĸڷζ֮ʱȶ˵³̶һӲӶŵżһ
Ӷ߹ϴǿɱˣһ³̵ĸ֮£˵ȥ䶪ˡ
ϴ㲻Ӷŵϴ㲻
ס󣬶յǮЩƷ

1264 ǰӶܻ

1264  ǰӶܻ
˲³̳жôû뵽˵˾
ԣǾ֡
³̸һ˲䣬Ժз׷׸ֳƣھ֮Ĺ£ʱ򣬶δϣ
ǣȷʵ׵׵˸оʲôв
³̳;ʱֶӣӶŵżһĻһսӶžҪһУһȫ
һ뿪ʮүĻ϶˿һصӶţһг˲쾪ԼָӵĿ⡣
Сǣ³ǡô
ʮڼ֮ǰͶ˸ߺ۵ż֪Щ֮˿ʹѲɾ³ô
ʮү³ɲ򣬾ǵĳ
⡭Ѿܽˡ
ĻΪӶŵĶ֣ٳӶŵڲϴʲôûȷȷʵʵûмĻ档
øԻˣȻ󽫵ɱ³ΪֱӣøԷء
ңָѾˣھʲô³̱ɱһ㻹ĻһʱҲ벻
С֮³̻ˣһɫ԰׵Ӷźǣҡҡͷ
壬զˣǲǺȶˡ
ߺۻûлָſڵһĳţֽŲá
壬壿˵
³ǰҪߺۣߺۻعͷݺݵĵ³һۡ
Ҫٸҿڳ裬Ժ˴㡣
ǰ֪֪ˣԺԲ³˵ˣҪȻӶŶˡ

³һΣǺݺݵһ
ĸô׳˾ʺϳ裬Ҹֲʲô׵ӣǲ͡

Ҳ֪ʲôʱŻһء
ʱվԶĻϴһӣӽָóֽʣдµӶŹ涨
Բ׼³̿ڳ衣
Ļ϶壬Ȼóֽʣͷ۶лְɡ
бҪĩĸԲҪĻ϶úõ˵ҪȻǺòӶźȺദǢǿɲһ֮Ⱥ޹ֽ֮Ǯ
Ļ϶壬ǱĩĸҪԲҪ³̿ڳ裬ղѾЧ
ָָԶһδ³̣˻ϡ
ڶԲҪǾԲҪû߷첹·
ν⣿
ŮӼҼŮǶô飬Ϊε˱ĩͳ˾ԲҪĽɡ
Ļ϶еʣ΢΢̾һ
ҾֱӺͶȫ˵˰ɣ֮·ͱһˣֲԲҪǾԲ³ֻҪһڣõ˸ʮ¶ң岻õĸԲҪǾԲȴ·
һĩĸԲҪȫĻ˵˳ҸʮүĻϣĸԲҪǧǧҪ߶ϽϹǣʬ޴棬ߡǾǴ֮ص³ˡ
Ļһһļ˵ÿһ֣˸СһҲǸǵ
գӶŻء
ģ³̣κȣų磬Ժ˸ѾΪӶŵһԱ
ǣΪӶŵһԱҪһֻ֮ͨ󣬲ܽ˵κΡ
ǰ˸׼ô
ȻŰ˸С˵ӶţΪӶŵųŰ˸ǰӶܻȥ뼮ӶΪһӶ
ӶܻΪĵĵطӶ˵ʮϵģ֮أǸߺҲҪװӶܻ֮С
˸ϰڵİɫɫӶбԢΪɫ
ĵȰ˸ڸߺӶܻʱ򣬴ŵ·㱻˸ְĮĶԴ

³̿һ۵ԼĺӣҪţȥˡ
嶯ǽӶݲ¶ġ
Ļֹ³еŭڿлżȭͷʾԷ̫
Ӷܻʮׯϣһ·Ļ֮йŲ˵Ф񻭣ЩФе壬е壬еħ壬еǰȵȵȣֶ֮
Щ˶ǿӶӶָλĴڡ
Ǹ壬Щʲô𣿡
³ָָ߰׿Ф񻭺ͽɫ߿Ф񻭣Ŷ֮
Ŷ򵥣ɫ߿ľѾ˵Ӷɫ߿ǻӶ
ɫӶ˵˸ŰɫӶܻʱ·˲Ż񿴴ˡ

1265 ˸СӶ

1265 ˸СӶ
죬Ǹߺ۸˸˰ӶݵӣӶ磬ҪΪһӶҪӶܻᣬע֮Żᱻϡ
ǳҲǳΪӶĵһָܸ֮񣬴ĩӶһֱϽ
ŵȼϵߣӦģõĽܵĴȻá
ߵȵӶʲôɶô
ӶܻĴϣæԼ飬ߺŽİ˸վ´ǰŶӡ
ÿ궼עΪӶָ
ؼӶôô˵أôǽֻͣҪΪؼӶڳԺ˯϶;ֵĴһܳΪɭϱ
ߺô᲻֪ʳ仰ԭҲ˼СһؼӶĸ֮ĿǳؼӶʹ
һŬľȻãǣȻؼӶǵȻѰѰܵĸ߶ȡ
ʱ䣬ӶҲֻ˳ΪؼӶŴ˵ɭ磬ܳΪؼӶҲˡ
ǰվؼӶУͺúúõŬһҽȥ֮˵ע㣬´ӶԱ塣
ǻԩ·խ
ˮϷ֮ìܣҲ֪ڼ¼Ӷ᲻Ϊˣˣ˾һ£
´Ӷĵһ㣬Ŷռܹ㡣
ߺվǰ棬վں棬Ĺ¶ű׼дߵ֣δ̧ͷ
أ˵Լ֡
ġ

³̡


κȡ
ԡ
ų硣
˸˷ֱ˵Լ֣ʱ㽫˸˵ּ¼¶̧ͷĿⲻŵĿǰİ˸Ůüͷ
Ȼ˸ֺϤ
ˣе·˸ֵʱҲһ£׷תߣĿڽĵ˵ϡ
ɣļٵģ
ҸղЩ˽Լǽˮǰ˸˰ɡ
ӦòˣϴԴӦþ԰˵жϰٸǰ˸Ůû뵽վȻǼ˻ˡ
һʱ䣬һʮʮ٣Ǵ˻ˣ׷ӿ´ĴУҪ˸˵׳ʲôӣǲǴ˵е͡
ˮڷ֮󲻾þͱ䴫ɭ磬ȻʱĦǣˮĳ֮١
˸ŮСĲʮҲʮ꣬ûһʹİ˸Сһô򵥵Ľüٺſˡ
˵ôʱĴӳֵĻٶͽˮۼ֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ˣ˵˸ŮܣԷ壬Ҳڷָ֮佫ȫնɱ
ǲôѵ˵˸Ѿ̤񾳣
ܰɣҪ̤֮ĻӦǵְ֮ϻЩϼһ֤˸ӻûǿʵ̤񾳡
Ҳǣ԰˸˶ս壬ɼԽԽǿˡ
˷ֱ۷׷ף˵ˮ飬ڱ˶ûʲôһ仰ڽĵ˶мֱǳ
ҲӭսЩôʲôָ֮壬ⲻǸгֵô
λС硣
֣ûʾ¼ֵԱع
ô
ɿԡ
˵ŵģļ¼Աڿĵ˵һ۵ʱ򣬸ɷӣ֮ƽĺܡ
ǣ˷Ҳ˵ˣˮ鴫İ˸ŮжôǿĹԱҪ˸СһﵽʲôĴڡ
ΪҫΪһԱֻһˮʧȥϣǣӶŵĸϴ֪֪ϴĶֻ֣ܰա
˵עĿ֮£ĵŸϴ뿪´Ӷܻ
߹Ⱥ󣬽Ϳڴľ壬ľиָֽţҲǸֵͽ
ǺǵСľӣڿʼǾǵĩӶˣԼѡɡ
ѶȲͬÿһõ֮󣬻Ѷ֮Ӷĵȼ
񣬽İ˸ĩӶӶµȵСӱҪΪؼӶкܳ·Ҫ߰
ĸʲô
³ָָľϱڸһֽţдѸͽ
ѸһòĿгɻ飬ʯһȼԲۣôŵô
³죬ֱԼǰһУôʲô⡣
壬Ӷܻᣬ˷ܻᰡ
˵˷ܻѾˣӶܻʲôʱĻ
ǻбôƫƫԿǲв
ߺ۰һ³ָָ̣Զһʾ壬һʾϵѸҪ׵Ķ࣬ΣѶҲȼ
ӶĴʾ壬һʾرԺ˵ע
Ŀ˿˿˿ԣԽĿ˽ĵϡ
ô
д⡣
壬Ǿͽˡ
ߺǰ̨С㣬ĵ˵֮ʱߵߣ̧ͷľϵ嵥һ˲䣬ɫ
ǼС治֪ߵغǼ׵Ѷȵ񣬼ӽʱҲҪ˼
һ¶çײһ¶񲢲һ˿ɵġ
㽪⼸С˵ʵȷʵǿʮĹȴһܽȥĵط
Ӧò֪ʲôʮĹ
Σô
Σգ
ĻߺЦ
Ӧûǵϵ߸ʮɫߵФ񻭣Ǽ˱ǰʮĹ˵ӶⲻպǼ˵ͷߡ
ߺ۾ԼбҪʮĹΣԺͼ˵ףɲϣС˵ǸӶûͽʮĹ档
һЩСһˣļһ֪ˣҪӶŲɡ
ӣͲɼǮãһ
Ŀ˿ߺеͽֽ˻С
л壬һˡ
˵ţĻعʾϵʮĹͨŸ˺һ͵ǰ̨Сﱸ
ʮĹ񣿡
ǰ̨С㲻̧ͷ˿еͽֿ˿ǰİ˸Ůֱظ֮ȷеͽǼ׵ʮĹ
ȷҪô
дǼС˵õģأ
ǰ̨С͸ߺʶЩͷˡ
ɾڸߺ׼ǰֹĵ˵Ļǣһâ쳣۵ĳУʮš
˺ͽﻹȥĵСӲ¶ϴΪӶŵϴҲܲ¶ɣ

1266 ʮĹ

1266  ʮĹ
˵˲Ǳˣǵȥ·Ϲۣ֮£ǹĴͷʮֵۣԶԶľͿﭹԴ
Ϲٺߵǰһ˫ŵ۾µĿŸߺۡ
֪Ӷź͵ػӶǵжԵĹϵȻϴϵǲȴʮֵĽ
˵ΪػӶŵĶȻŹһӶŵĻˡ
Ƕ֪һӶ;ĻҪʮĽΥԼأҿ׵ȵʯ
˿˵ϹٺǷǳǷĿŽĵȰ˸ˡ
ЩСһȻСȻҪɣȻΥԼһӶŵǲá
ƨ˸ӻ֪أôĶ㣬
ߺ۸ϹٺǣӶĹؾһ˺㲻Էڣ;ʲôʣһ겻񣬱ҪǱΥԼ
ڰ˸С˶ӵİȫǮ֮䣬ߺ޷˵ѡǰߣںǽǵİȫǮȻ֪ߺɽ
ϣҪ֪ÿһνܵǶϵӶŵһûǴĻӶǽʮĹ֮󣬱ԽΪһӶ֮˰ɡ
Ӷ֮ŵȼĲ죬Ӷ֮ҲŵȼС
һӶŶӶ˵ǸԵӶŴӳǧ֮ˣǧ֮еŬѪΣջֻҪڽһ׵ȵԳɹΪһӶš
һӶŶӶ˵˵ǡ
ǣ˵ĵ˷ǱӶŵĵȼ޷֮Ϊ˽Ͼ޶ΥԼ𣬲һĺ
ˣߺҲüСһȥʮĹ
ʮĹΣյĴڣСһӦԲˡ
ƱƣӶŵòǵػӶŵ˲졣
ߺŭϹٺߵǰ׼ǰֽ˺飬ٶȴĸֹˡ
壬ɭҪġ
ҵʮĹȥõĵط
ô˵ߺҲͬ˸СһǰʮĹ
壬˵ĶԣɭΪıΪǿԼһжƽƽĻǻʲô
԰壬֪ǺģһʮĹóǱȥɡ
˵Ȼ֪ߺΪ룬ʮĹгʲôΣա
Ȼ񣬼˾ҪɣΪӶţҲΪԼ
ʮĹ쳣Σյĵط
ߺüͷɿŰ˸С˵Ŀ漴̾һ
˰ˣȻǽӰɡ
Žĵ˼ᶨĿ⣬ߺˣԼȰ˵Ҳ޷ǵͷ
Ȼˣһԣʱɸһűˡ
ϣӢ۳갡
Ϲٺ˫ֶżһЦģ
ʮĹǰΣյĴڼǵػӶҲ׳ԣ˸ŮȻʮĹ
۹Σ˸һʮĹС
ÿÿ뵽ˣϹٺͿĲѡ
ϴү㰡ͱſֵ̬ˣʱԳԲҪ㿴㶼ûͷˡ
³̵˵ǰϹٺϴүʾϹٺһЩҩ仰Ϲٺɫһ
㣬ҲһͬǼ¼ɡ
ָָһԵͽ񣬸ղſһ·ߣôʮĹʱ·죬˳ĽҲһɡ

Ƭ̣ս񶼼¼
ӶڣǿŽʧеĸߺۺ͸İ˸ŮһʮĹ
˵˸СʮĹô
ɸƨǿʮĹ
ҵǾӢ۳󱲣˵׼˸Сһ˴۾ء
ǺǣҸģʮĹҾͰҼҹ˫͸㡣Σ
ŶʲôʱôˣǳɣȻֶ˶עҲ˽ʲô
˵ţ˵Ӵһӣһӳֵǰ
ǰ˸Сһ޷ʮĹһѰ׹Ⱦˡ
һΪ
ȺУ˶עľֱǽİܲʮĹ
һһϮ£һһϮ£Ǻ׷ͯյǿߣǷ׷Լǿ
ڶ˿˴һۣε̾һ
˰ˣϰˣüǧΪ֥С¶ľ֣Ҳǿˡ
Ĳ֪һж˶ľֻ֣֪֮ӶŵҪǰʮĹʱһϵıжôˡ
СǣĴǰʮĹô
˵ʮүȻֻж̶̵ʱ䣬ʮүĽӵԼһ
֪ҪǰʮĹʮүĿǡ
ţѾ񡣡
еı鼸˵ȻǣʮĹһǱҪȥģ֮ǰ˵һһΪӶŵһҲΪ
ǿ֪ʮĹʲôĵط
ĻѾ֪Ӷܻᷢ飬˫ֶżеȺһ˫ŵ۾˼ָֻ֮۵ӡ
ˣȻѾ˼׵ʮĹ񣬱Ҫ˽ʮĹϸڡ
ĻϲδйСһҪǰʮĹˣˣҪ֪ʮĹĿ֮ʱȥʮĹҲи׼
žһĻеſҡţ뽪ĵ˵ŹʮĹ顣
ΪʮĹǰһҵĹΪʮԽʮĹ
ʮĹҲոշĹĹʮĹ֮֮ߵĽɽǮǸöõʮĹһѾ

ԡ
ʮĹһϹŵûһ֪ʲôֻ֪ʮǿ󣬼ڹĹ֮ⶼܲõ
ǣҪõǼ򵥵飬ʮĹֵİʱ䣬˶ǰʮĹˡ
壬ħ壬壬壬ȵȡ
ʮǰӶŵʮǰʮĹǽڶբ֮ʱѾ롣
ʮĹȻΣգӶ˵һ޴ա󣬶ΪĽƱɼˣԾ˲ǰС
ӶҲɳʮǰʮĹǽʮȥˣֻһ˻Żˡ
Ż˱ܷ壬ʱܷȫѪʱŻָһȫĹͷʹ
ʮĹΣյĲǻ壬ǻʱ޿ֵ̳Ļֲʵá
Ļ˵ʮĹеȻҲڵբ֮ǰ
˭Ҳ֪ʮĹежٵբţԼբź浽龰յ鱨ڵբ֮󣬴Ÿ޷Ķ

1267 ĪҪçײ

1267 ĪҪçײ
Ļϸ˵ʮĹⲻûдĵ˵ľͷ֮ð˸˷ܲѡ
˵ȷҪǰʮĹô
ȷһԼǳĿ϶
ĵĻ˱ĩ˸˵Ļ
ɭΪԼǿԼ㹻ʵӦʮħ
ʮĹĳǶ˵һο顣
ɣʮĹΣյģЩΣǶ޷ȥĻǻôԿΪǿʮħ
ãǽǱ׼һЩƷ
˵ţĻϽһʯӸ˽ġ
ʯýĵȥǰʮĹҪõװͲҩ
ҹҹɫǡ
һǰѰԼҪõĶձǰʮĹ
ĺڴϣĸ֮ˣһѰƷһʮĹһеļƻ
ģһʮĹ֮лΡ
Ҳ֪˳Ļǻͻƿ
ʮֿ϶Ļش
³̣ԺųѾ۷ľ磬ֻҪһٽԽΪ
ϣһεʮĹ֮ջ
ʮĹǺܼ򵥣ֻҪǰĹһŻͺˣ̱Ȼʮյġ
ʮĹΪ׵Ȼ˵һŻǴĻ϶е֪ʮĹ쳣þĵˡ
ûа취˻þ
ûзӡ
ҡҡͷʾҲûзȫȫ赲þֻмģûþеһʵе޷Ҫ顣
ȥ
š
ĺ׼Ӷŵʱ򣬿˲Զ³̺ųˣɫʲô¶һ
ˣܵôأʲô¶ˣ
ҲˣȲ˵Щȸ˴ˡ
³̵Ļһ䣬ĺһ㶡
ʲô˼ʲôлȸ˴ˡ
Ƣ˶ֻпԭôҲˡ
ĸǰ·ص㣬³̺ųҲ·˿˵飬ǰ¥
ԶԶأ¥Ĳҽ
ϲģҪ˵һ仰ھ졣
˫ۣ׺ݵģжôĿˣκŻ漴һģǰеĳҲɫ·ɭĹâҪ˺ȴԶ˦ԶԶġ
ˣ
Ҫ¥ˣͲǻҵŮ
˿óˣһȭȥߵӣֻһ˲ѿ
ˣղŵһҲᡣ
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ΧȺҲ׷ָָ㣬ʩߵĻǾ֮⣬ڱʮֱġ
ɫ˺ݽɫԼɭ޳ǵĹԱ޷аŮޣʲô
ǣ˵ǰϺҵǸոմ飬ջűɫǸˣģ˵
Ҳ˵ˣϺҵĹԾϺͷҪɫǱ𣬵󱻴ʬ屻ڣġ
˵Źϲ飬丣ҵߣȻѾ٣ʮֲԼɭ޳ǵ٣Ϊ
žһֱһƣֻ丣ݶˡ
ղŲͦôҪ͵¥ȥ㵱ô
̣ҰɣҲˡ
丣Ҳû뵽ôѿеĹͷӲԣֻģȵȫ֮취ŪСǡ
㣬˰ɣǻ¶Ҫء
ˣУҽϲ֪ʲôۣҾͲл
žһһƺݺݵش丣ϣǽһˬ
丣ˣﾭһƵ˵ʲôһڻ˹ȥ
ϱҰŪ֡
³ΧһѾɾ
ˣҪǰʮĹźֻɫִ
Żļ򣬿һѾȥ丣ҲҪʮµģָܻܲǾ˵ˡ
Щҵģû¶Ϣʲôȡ
˺ˣҪˣû¶
ΪܺߣȴҪοų磬ļʱ丣Ⱥͱ⽹ˡ
˵˵κվų뿪ˣҲڲɰҪĶ֮뿪˼С
ⲻ֪ת뿪ʱȺеһӰȴǰ˫е쳣ĺݶ
ߣʮĹģһҵҪô
欣Ŀ⿴ŽʧеĽģеǺݶ֡
ѾȥĽĺƸܵ˱ǵĿ⣬ͣ½Ų˿ȴʲôûз֡
ôˣ
֪ܸоֵֹģڶǡ
ĵĸоʮ񣬲κβ
ҲѰŽĵĿ⿴ȥҲʲôûз֡
᲻峤йϵ
һֱûŪĳô֪ĵֵģʱˮС֮û֪ǵ֡
⣬Сİɡ
ֻ˵Ļ˭ҲҪȶԷ©֪֮
ա
ܷ壬⼸Ӿͽˡ
İɸϴܷ弴ǷҲᱣȫ˸Сӵġ
һθŽǰʮĹܷ壬ߺǧһҪܷ屣üˣ򲻿ɳʲô
ͷİɣķڶ档
Խô˵ߺԽǲġ
ǼС˶ӽʲô񲻺ãʲôѶȴʲô
ֱһ̣ߺۻԹĸ˽ɥԵ
ˣȻѾ񣬾ȥһ԰ɣ˵ܷô
Ļʮİһ۸ߺۣʲôʱѶˡ
·ҪСģǳҲҪյʱ䣬·ϱȻ鷳
ɶ񣿡
鷳ɶ鷳
³̺ǲĻϣʲôǷʲô鷳
ϵ˼Ƕɶ˼
ǲ֪ôôˮģ
ɭг֮ʱһ㶼ҪõַһֽͨߣҲе˶ģ۸ôҲȻʮְġ
Ļ϶ôһ˵˵Ķʵַ׷ת˸ߺ۵ϡ
ԭзֶǺǣΪʡǮӲĴ˰µ·
ǸʲôʱǮǸԹˣǮ񰡡
ߺۿ쿴ؾǲˣһԵʮ̾һϰ˸ߺ۵Ŀš
ҽĸ㣬·ϴųԣУһҪСıԼ
ʮүһ㽻ģǧҪСģĪҪçײ

1268 жˣ

1268 жˣ
ʮĹһУҲ֪עĥѶࡣ
ǽ˵һɭΪһֱڱ˵֮£ˣɭһҲͰˡ
ң˵ɭûٰһᣬ̤ĸֶ̤񾳼ߣиǿ֮ˡ
ҽٰͷֻҪβʱǰɽɣ̤ܲУҪûʵˡ
˵͵̤֮磬ʮү˵֮вٿɹеķţһи֮Ķ
³Ҳֻʮү˵һЩϢ˵ǽ֮һʲôرʲôģԽرȥһҲпħĶǿʮħĶҲеġ
˵֮⣬ֶһĿ꣬׵ʢ
ΪҪıǰʮĹȥѰĹеһ
˵ͽΪʲôҪķôȥʮĹѰһŮͼ
˭֪
ʼ硣
ǰʮĹɭרõķй߷ַҲ
ǧڶ̶յʱ㵽ʮĹ
ഫʮĹǧǰһعȣǸһ˲û䡣
ʮĹĴ˵к֮ܶ࣬ǰĻ϶Ҳ˵һЩϢΪɿĻʮĹǰһĹ˵һк˵ȥӶͽ񣬲ĺ͵Ĺûɶ
޴ڿзߣһоŸϳʮĹǰС
ǰеĹУڵʮĹ֮ǰŸͣһɽɽµСС
ÿһŲͬ幹ɣȻҲۼء
ɽµСʮÿͣҸ֮ദҲʮֵǢˮһÿ֮䶼ǹĶǵĴڡ
ϵܣ˵ҪǰʮĹô
ۼص¿ܷԼܷİ˸ӡ
ܷʶʮǰӶɳʮ˱פ򣬵ʱҪܷ岢ҽҲнյܷˡ
ҲΪˣܷŻ
ǰЩСӳţ»ҪǰʮĹһ
ܷĻ˶٣Ŀ⿴ܣָָԶһȺˡ
㿴ЩôҲҪǰʮĹģҲвҪǰʮĹЪš
ָܷ忴ЩŹҲҪǰʮĹ
ʮĹ汦ô࣬Ȼ˴ġ
ܷЦţ֪ڵǣʮǰһη
İɣһҺͼСһǰʮĹһͽ񣬶ҲǰȺֵܵʬǴؼҡ
ӶʵиʵŽĵһǰʮĹǣЩ֮Ψܷʸ뽪İȥʮĹ
Ҳףʮǰв˼ӰǸһֱŵĻͶǰʮĹˡ
ýһλᣬӧһǰʮĹ
ẓ́રવҰ졣
尡Щ¸÷¾͸÷ˣִŹȥŻиõδ
ţ֪
ܷЦţļϡ
ϸ簡Ǽ˾鷳ˣǼסˣ˳Ūþƺòˣ⼸СһʳҺԺһȺˡ
ܷǼʶĩ˸˵ʳܳ˵Ŀ棬Ҳֻ˵⼸츳ˡ
һʼֻΪܷ˵Цֻǰ˸ӶѣʳξˣҲܱԵöܹ࣬ǿˣҪԤһЩ˱ȽϺá
ȵ˶ʱܷ˵ĻʵǿЦѡ
Աҭţóڸȥ
ӣһͲԶرҩݣǵûѰҩݿɬζ֮ʮֵ·
ôϷɣԵõĶŪһµģԵôóԵͲܾʹ˰ݡ
һһڵĿͲ˵ϣܷ忴˿һصͲɵſˮ
ߵʱǸЩǮưѣϾ⼸ӰܳԵĶ϶˸⡣
㷹֮˯һȴڶǰС
ҹɫ
˯еĽĳһƬããĴУʱһŮվ֮
ŮһϮɫĳȹ˽ףǰվŮӵıĿѰŮӿȥķͬȥǰԾǰɫһƬʲô
ˡ
Ůӻعһ˫ˮɫӿģмЦᡣ
ҡǰʶô
ĿɫŮӣȻǺŮӵһμ棬ʾĸоǧǰǰһ
Ժ˵벻Ů˭ɽȷϣŮӺԼǰһǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ްҲá
һĨЦ⸡ŮӵĴǣŮ֣˳ָصŽĵĶͷ
ôã㻹ûб䣬ӦҲҪȥʮĹΣա
Ϊʲô
ŮΪΣΪβҪȥʮĹ
ŮûлػֻǾؿŽģŮӵӰʧɫؼ
Ůʧ֮󣬰ɫɢȡ֮ƸǵأҰŨҵѪζȾ˺ɫˡ
ʥİ׵ĺ죬ֻվɽۣһ˫ɽɱ˫
ǹͺڰںһֵɫʣ֮⣬ΨѪ졣
ҪֹȴԼκֻĿΪ׵˲һϵѪ۲ϵѪ
һתɫɫɫʧؼֻʣһƬĻɳŷ粻ϵشƬ֮ϡ
ޱĻĮУɳ֮ŵһսʬǡ
⡭ô¶
ʲôط
еһôʵǵ˿£վɳĮܣһѪе˻ɳ֮С
棬һηתɫѪɳһ˲䣬ɫֲɫĻݿʼϵ쿪֮ɳɫֻǿʼģҲڲϵҡš
ģѣģ
Ľ㣬Ľ㣡
ģ
ץסĵļҡһΣ˫۵һ˲䣬³һ
ãˡ
ңôˣ
ֻǵԼеĻɳ磬Ȼֲ串ǵɫȻ󡭡Ȼأ
жˣˣ
κķãüʱҪȻ治֪ᷢʲôĺ
ңжܰɣ
仰ʱĶˣ֮ʱȴȫǱеһҡ£
Ż
Ͱ
нӹľͰʵ̲סθӿĸоľͰ

1269 ڴ

1269  ڴ
ҡô¶Ż
˵仰ǲ֮һεϮļϳԵĶ˳Щѿ൨³ˡ
˵ˣôж
㣬ΪλжжˣΪûκβ
жˣˣ³̣ų磬Զжˡ
̾һһˮ͵ǰιȥ
ůůˮ˳ſһֱθŸоһЩ
Ǹ⣬һжҲͰˣô˻һжˡ
ϵͲһĢĢһ˵ǳԵ̫ˣЩ㹻жþ
һеԭͲͲζζǲܶԣƽһžͿˣǸԷѾǼˡ
ΪûԶ٣κȱʳСæ˵ҳԵҲ࣬ûдﵽжļ
֮ģ³̣ųԻ޲ðҵͲԹˣҲ˵ʳŵˣ˿ڳԶ˻жһˡ
˵Żмڵ״
Ǽأ
û¶ˣֻҪһͺˡ
¹θеĶڴȫģʮħ֣Ҳ붯һָͷˡ
ΪʲôףǳԶĢĻþ
Ϣһ֮ڵڶʰ׼
ǰܷһʯ
ϸ°ѣ⼸ӰҲǺ˵ˣСҲСˣЩǮ͵ķǮ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ܷȥܷǿӲ̬֮ʯ
׼뿪ʱƺʲôһԵһͼ
ϵܣȵȣõ
ͼܷ壬˵žͼ
һǰںӱ߼񵽵ģдʮĹһһЩͼӦʮĹЩϵ
лϸˣǴʮĹϵȾƣл
һݵͼʲôϵʮĹ˵ǼΪҪϢ
뿪򣬸ĳǰʮĹ
Ϊɶˣ
ǰһȻϣȥֻܲС
ܷ彫ͼˣĵоо·ߡ
Ĵ򿪾ͼ滭ŵͼ߰˰˴۸ӣˣһдһЩֵֹ֡
ʲôܿô
أ
˷׷ҡҡͷ˵ͼĻҲ̫Ҳ˰ɣ߲Ƕ߲ߣѲɾһĶô
ûܰķӡһǳԸ֣֮ټῴȥҲЩͷˣʲôͿѻ˵жȻûпϢ
ⶼһʱˣûջˮ֮±ɹ޷͸ͼеʲôգҲֻ
ʲôʱԵˣʲôʱȻˡ
ǰʮĹ·ʲôûΣյĶҲˣƽúܡ
ԽӽʮĹһļžԽ˺ëը
׻˵úã³һ·ϳǼ֮⣬Ķû
³ſˮ󿴿ֿɭֵС·ϳǾŸԼƥ֮⣬ûʲôܴĶˡ
⾲Ҳ̫Ѱˡ
ˡٵϢ
ڽָеľ߽ģԴӽɭֵʱͲһֲͬѰϢ˺þ֮ˣϤϢ١
ɶ⣿
ٺͬһˡ٣ǣ
ټô˷ܵʱô
٣ǲǸΪµһ
κȽָеŮҲ˿ڣмֲ
ԣˡҸоԽԽˣ
ܸоõٵǰᲢۣһʲôѹ
ˢˢˢ
ڴʱʮɫӰԼٶȴɭ֣գ֮䣬㽫ڳϵĽĵԶԶ˦
룬Щ˵ĿҲʮĹ
ʮĹԽԽҲΪˣԭʮĹΧҲ˲ٰӪկȺ
פʮĹĲ壬壬壬壬ħȵȵȣЩҲԲͬ
ñȽľŸ˵Ӷ治ԶУˣԶľһҵʲô˰С͵
֮˵ĿĶǱʮĹģʮĹ֣еı֮֮ߵĽɽټ֮һǿ٣ǰǵɽ𺣾һΡ
Ϊ󣬾Ϳûˡ
ܷһ԰Ľפ񣬽ĻκǰɭѰ֦
Ǳ˼ҵŮӣȻᵣˣ˿ǽĻκȣıӵ˭ˡ
Ľ㣬㣬ҩݵֱˣ㿴㿴֥Ȼô󣡡
κȶһ˶֥Աߣһ֥ҲʹУٴҲûж٣ǰ֥һô󣬶֥ɫģһͳ˾綾
СһЩĲҩҲժ
֪ҾǺ棬ʲôĵضܽҩӡ
ǰϰߣκȱȻǳȥ˶ޱȵ֥ժǣЩ֥һ֥ͬ
֥ʲôؿɼ˲ΰޱȵĵݵȵȵȵȣǳ˾綾Ĵڣ
ֲ⸽ĶﶼûУ鶼˰
󿴿ֿɭԾǳЩ֮⣬ûκλӶûС
һʱһ˱һľصǰʼ³ӽָó˸ָʳġ
ʲô
УֻҪŵͺá
ĩ˸˶ⲻ֣Ȼ˼˵Ŀζųһʼ³
ǰһó˾ͼʼоɻһ
ⶫҪô
ϿҲǣ¿ҲǣŷŶȻѲҪ˺ƴһô
Ŀǰ˵Ļû뷨ҲֻҪͼ˽ָС
壬ʮĹнʬô
ţһʼҲţ֪ۿ˵һբ֮ߵʯס
ܷ̾һһλյĳһĨεĿЦϡ
ĵ˾ţѾ˵ʮĹǰբŵĳ˻Ҫס
֮һǽʬ
ʬʬ߲ͬ
ʬ֮ʬĻΪγɵʬ壬ûʶʬ
ʬǴӻ˿ʼУֻҪһڣ̤ʬߵУͺϷ֡
ĽʬԽڴˡ

1270 Ǽ

1270  Ǽ
ųѾһʱ֮ˣȻ˵ɫոպʮĹΧȼ
ֿϵƮɢԼӪʵԣ˵ŹʮĹ顣
϶Ļ϶͸˵ЩϢһЩõϢ
ͺñŮͼ
ʮ֧ʮĹΪŮͼ
һߺžһѼ鱨˶Իе֪ʮ֧ͬĶʮĹǵĿһĹеŮͼ
˭Ҳ֪ŮͼʲôӣֻǵһŮӣŮһ㣬˵ֻҪһ۾ܱԻǡ
عʧʱһλʵ۴Ůͼ̤Ĺ֮УҲû˿Ůͼ
֧壬һ֧һǹӶ⼸֧鶼ɢԱɢԱĺ
ȻеʮĹȻй˵ı졣
ųɫı˵ֻҪһ۾ܴ½Էݷ͸ҵ֧͹Ӷ֮⣬ֵעıǾǲԶĶ顣
ֻ϶źɫĶдд߷ߵͼڣÿһеһҪ͵Ķࡣ
˵֧еļ˾ԱֵĶѶԸ
ô
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³ЦţһĨЦͬ˵˱ĩ˸˵ľġ
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ע⵽ǸŮûУ
ָָԶȺеϣκȻͽ֮⣬Ůӳ֣Ƕ֮ȴȫŮˣұʮŮӱеŮҲһˡ
ô˼ˣ
³̺ٺٵЦţһ仰£㱻԰һۡ
˼ͷĴ㿴Ů۾
ʾ˿Ů۾˫ͫһɫһɫ֮ͫߣҲһߡ
Ĳ󿴹ǲ²ûĻŮӦٻʦ
ԵĻһ㶣ŵһο˿ŮŮĿҲͶ˽ĵˡ
ĿԣŮسŽЦŵ˵ͷòҲЦŻӦš
ǻʮ־㵡
˵ٻʦʧ˺ܾ𣬼Ҳ֮١
ǾûнӴٻʦˣĺ˵һ̫ˣȻ˻ٻʦ
Ҳȷֻǲ²ѡ
һг̱ȻǸڶ࣬ʮյʮĹھߣԽ˾ʤԽǿš
ܷȻ˰˸е飬ð
Ҳռ鱨˷ֱصԼϢȵڶǳʮĹС
˭֪Ļκ˸ո£һ
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ˣȻ˲壬ߴμצ䡣ǱеڣҪץסĻκˣǽϡ
˽֪ӢޱȣǿͬʱҲǸɫ󹬲˵ǧҲǧ
û뵽ȴǽעǵͷϡ
˵˭Сӡ
˵˭
ʱδСӣֻ˿տҲĴλ⻹أת㱻סȥ·
¹֮£µĴˣǸһȫë

Ӧǹѣ˵ģ͹ࡣ
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κȸ˿ǰӲѰϵĹ๷๷ŶЭ
Ŷܳô
ϷɵĵܵĺεģĩԹҰζ˵ʱҲԹδԹ
Ҳ֪ʲôζܲܳԡ
ϼأһĶﲻͬʻɢһʮŵζ˲ʳá
֪ʱӣмɭ¶鼮ں鼮ʱ򣬻˵Ż˽ָС
鼮дκһķһַӶ
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ʱܷҲüͷǰӡ
ǣ
ι磬ԭ簡㿴¶ֵãҪ֪£ǽǼٸҲġ
ǰһͷ̬ʮֱ΢
ܷ忪˵һһӵ࣬ʮѸ͵һ͸ǿһƱ㽫еһ˻ɣ񶼱Ӹ˰Уɼжôĺݾ
ҰעϣҪˣǺôĵӡ
Ը־ɫýʲôֻҪ¶
ʣӿԼϴһȭɣ˵ϣһġ
̣λ̣硭ǼҲһʱϣλдǰɣǰɣ
ǣ
üͷһĨɭЦݸڴǣһǰһƻһ壬ֻһݺڵϡ
׼ֽӵʱһ˻Ķ
λŮʩס֣ɣΪԼŭ
˵һУǺгʮֿΣＸҲûз˶滹кУǲϲһֱӪС
һɫɮۣǰŻ
λк֮£Ϊسɷᱣλ
еһ仰˵Ľ
˵ʦָɱ޹ˣ
˫ֶżһ˫ɨ˺һۣ˵һ仰úг׵סˡ
Ȼʦ˵ˣǣҾȥˡ
һӣǿӵ壬˾һɵԶԶģʲôطǻ˭Ҳ֪
ôأǾᣬʦ㲻ֵĻֻ˲ʦôһȰ˵֮Ա
һ仰һúԶԡ
ĵȰ˵ŮĪҪŭĪҪɱҵȴǱԭе⡣
˶ȥ˯ɣջҪȥʮĹء
Ǽ˯棬ǵ񲻼ˡ
ǣκȺͽĽ˵ַӣһȺүǸ档
³̺ٺٵЦţЦǽһ׼ǰǰŸո̤ӵʱˢˢˢ죬ʮѷɽֱĴ档

1271 ֮

1271 ֮
Ҫ³ǰһᱻʮѷɽ̸͸
Իвɹ³̡
࡫
³ſˮˣ˿ˣʼ磬˭ĻأڶôҲӡ
һҹʱ䣬ܷűĩ˭棬Žĺκ˭ڡ
һҹΣȵʱѾǵڶ峿ʱˡ
˵緹ÿӣѾտյӪأһ⡣
ˣӪصء
ȥʮĹˣŵһʮĹñȥϴˮ¸ոպá
һɾëʾ⽪ȥϴȻԷ
Ŷ
ֶƺѾϰˣڱпҲѰ飬ܷȴ׶֮ĹϵôãΪɶµĹϵ֮ĶԴ̬ȾǴһӵĸǣ
壬㿴ɶأ
ǲϲģ
ܷԽĿ϶ϲĵģеĻϲ֪ܵһ
壬㲻֪ɡ
һŷֵı鿴ܷ塣
ʶıǶ磬ÿһ˶ãɶҲĺá
ԶԣıǶãǳٳٲףĻ˵һֱ߾Ѿ֪ˡ
³̵ĻܷüͷϲȥװΪʲôҪͷڹ꣬ⲻүǸеıְ
Ϊʲô
Ͳ˰ɣϲˣԡӦϲħ
Լ˵Ļܷ彪ϲˣǸϹħڤҹһжע˵һǰǽĺϹħżϵ˿
ֻ˶бȽϳٶۣʲôϲϲжһģ˶ܿóڤҹϹħǳ֮˭Ҳ޲ðеᶼһˡ
˵ѡһֱߡ
⺢ӡԣǸղ˵ɶʲôϹħ񣿡
ܷŻع˵Ϲħ飬ԼʲôǰĻôһ¶
ô¶ܸӣʱںϸ˵
ϹŮת鲢ǲ˵ֻǽĺܷټϸָ߰һѣҪ˵һ仰˵ġ
˵ʲôء
ĻصһԣСˡ
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޵ϢֻʮĹբţ֮բʲô˭Ҳ֪ģңžͼǸ¶ҲûŪס
һȥʮĹתתʮĹһ¶ȵõ㹻Ϣ֮ܽʮĹҪȫöࡣ
ĸżѾȥʮĹЩǻһԼ
˳극ʼʰװǰʮĹڵء
ʮĹľһɽɽɽݵʮׯ£·һĹһ
ˮԲۣʮĹĿľȻĵط
ܿȥɽˮǼѵķˮ֮أɴɽƵкˮķٲȻǼ֮
ҽĹĻУҪôҪôɵӡ
ɶ˼Ĺλôˣ
ô˵ɣĹɽˮǷˮ֮ʵǼ֮صڤҪô֮Ҫô֮¡
Ҳ֪ĵһôģðôķսĹֵط
˰ɣԼĹҶûˡ
ҲֲʮĹ˵գһȥȻ⣬еĽʬҲѰֽʬ
໣й
˹۲ܵʱһ˺ѷεĲҽصɽ֮УţһȺ˷ӵһӹ˳ΪڶĹϵڷ˲̤
ȵҵˣ
Ƕҹ
׷ˣ׷ˣ
һɫӹĵվڲԶĸܵǺɫбŷΣɱ⡣
ǣ
ʬ
ܷĿⶢẓ̫́Ϥˡ
һὩʬ֮ĪҪǵʬ塣
š
ܷ廰µʱ򣬺ɫг߸׵ˣϸȥЩƤѾɿݣճŹͷģͷϻŰɫë
һ׵Ľʬ˵ĳһ׼ݵ˳ȥһ˵ദ
û˵壬ǴɽҲˡ
⽩ʬĻͦ׼
ʬˮֵǹ룬ʮĹڵһբǰרֵĹ

1272 ÿ

1272 ÿ
ʮĹ߳Ľʬǹˮ֣ÿһʬϵ׸֮ĺ⡣
ЩʬϵĿӦЩͷˡ
ʬʬźܴ𣬽ĻǼʬߵģҲǵһοʬ
ô˵أ
Ǻʬֵ߲࣬Ͼûÿɱԡ
ûǴĻһբ֮⹲ʮ˾߽ʬЩʬ϶Ϳ˾綾ֻҪһ£ᱻϵĶʴ
ˣʬϻŰɫİ׷շˮ˵ЩʬѾѰѰĽʬǰë
ȽʮĹ˱ʬƵ⣬˶Ǻ̱ܿڵأʬϵĶԼٶȱ鲼ȫǼϢʱ䣬߸ͦΪʬ塣
δĽʮĹ͹ˣʮĹ紫˵һա
޷ʮĹֻнһբеĽʬȫſԽȥ
壬һǽʮĹʹʲôӽЩʬĹѨ
ܷ˵һբ֮һʮ˾߽ʬǰ߾߽ʬҲ˵ֻнһբʮһ߽ʬǲܰȫĽ뵽ڶբš
ó
ܷϾȥʮĹģȻ֪ôӦǰĽʬ
нӹܷ彫һڷ˰Уһϸһ
ϸ֮䲻һЩķ䣬Щסʬ
Ȼʱ߾߽ʬʲôһ㣬ϸγɵİΧȦ
ˣһբ֮еʮһ߽ʬҲ׷˳ǰ߾߽ʬһ̤ϸߵȦڡ
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ʬǷ׷ϸ߱ϸϵķסʱȺʬȻվԭһΧκκﶼûзӦ
ַרſƽʬģӡΨһĸ֪˯֮С
һ仰˵ֻҪϸϵķ䲻ȺʬڰΧȦõĳ˯ȥ
죬ȥ
ڿʬܷǣסһ̣ԭŵһѷ۷ȥһȿֺĽʮĹĹѨڣ˵һբС
ǣ˰
Ƿ˰ɡ
ָָʮĹеȺˣʾϸûзʲôԾ
м֧鲢С
ԣ
³˵ģЩʮĹ˲ȫ֧鲻С
ҵĶ飬ȫŮӵĶ顣
߰ɣȻѾˣҲȥһ
š
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ڽĵ׼̤ʮĹĹѨ֮ʱһɫӰ˽ǰֹ˵ĽŲ
λʩʮĹʮֵգСɮһ仰ĪҪʮĹС
˵ϵǸУ˼˽ĵĻ֮ҲЩԼ
ֹŮʩȴ˸
ôҪֹŮʩǰʮĹֵĵط
㣿
ǰĺסȥ·ͷǰһ˺С
ڽǰʱȴǱܵһҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪˡ
УʮĹײȻʱ仹ȥһЩ˵꣬
ת˺УʮĹС
³֣صںеļϣһĨЦ⡣
ʦʱһ·棬ûʱȺȲ裬㿴еģ
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ôĵضôɵģ
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ûʲôÿģĹҵĴǽɽڲڿգԲҪκ֧š
ܷ˽ŴĽṹ˵ʮĹĶɽģĵԼɽƣģĹѨ
ĹѨѣʲôȵһ˿һբ֮Ļ棬Ǹ˾Ĵڡ
˸۷һբš
һբǧ׹ʯţʯʮ˸ʯգûĻʮ˾߽ʬվʯ֮ϣһκλأʮ˾߽ʬ
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û¶ĵĹȥǣЩʯ׺ѡڰеĹʯеɣ䡣
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ܷǰŲʯϣ̤ڶŵʱȴ˵Ŀʯϡ
Щʯټ٣һĹĪҪ´˽š
˸ܷ󣬰ܷ߹·һҲ̤
ڣʯоͷģ³̣ԣ׷˹ֻʣκȻ롣
ȣڸʲô
Ľ㣬㣬ǿҩݣһ£
κ־ϲڲԶʯһҩݣɭ֮оҩ鼮һζҩݵҩüֵرǿ󣬱ɭͬɭ޲ݡ
ϼأֻһ²ɭ޲ݣ˵ɭ޲ǿĶ
κлŶ죬Ǿɭ޲ݻصκȵС
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ÿ
κ׼ʯߵʱͻȻðƿκȡ
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Ϊˣ̤ʯף˵ڶ֮Ļء
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ų磡
ĵø߸ߵģڲǺгʱ
򿪣ԼٶȳκߣκȻ󣬡
ųԻ׵ֵ˻ֱ֣˻κȻصߣһ
һץסһˣݺݵˤڵϡ
׼뿪˱һˤ͵ۻ軨֪ʲô
СӣҶǼȣѾ治ˣ
ɲܶԷʲôݣ˳Ŷ¾ȥ
һ˲䣬ӵĲҽص֮䣬³ΣȻĲˡ
һ˼ͷܵӰˡ
ȣû¶ˣԣ
ųؽȱڻУ

1273 ˲Ҳ

1273 ˲Ҳ
ڶբųһСС⣬оա
壬բʲô
ߡ
һʮ־޴ߣһǿħޡ
뵱Ӷŵʮֵܱǿսħ޴ߣ
ԺлǰҵĻ棬ִҪǰʮĹҲø˵³
壬ȥ͹ȥˡ
ĵףһʮĹһΪ˱ǣҲǷŲеĽ١
߰ɣҵҪ߾ʲôĵط
ڶǧ׹բŴ򿪣˽Ĺ֮С
ӽʮĹʼǳߣĹӦɽɽˡ
˵ȻĹɽףΪɶֱӴɽУ
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ĺ³˵һȥɽʱ˵ĹѰŮͼҲڴɽгΪһ߾ʬ壬þõʮĹ
Ҳǡ
ʲôô
ĹҵĿռ˵Ĺңȷе˵ʵȻγɵɽ
ɽдŸָĶѨѨķ죬ǹǺһˡ
СһЩ߿ܻǷʱ򹥹
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ģС¶ң
³ǰһ񵶵ڵϣһһָɽ
үүģھվӭս
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ĺҲ΢΢üͷǱҪôжô
˵Ǵѧô໰
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΢࣬㾹ЩԻű
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΢࣬ǽ˭Ҳ뿪
ϰԣԻڳԵ֮ǰϷŪһһʻʮֵӰڸС
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׼ǺǣΪƾǼССѵ˱ġ
Ȼǲġ
ǿû˵򣬺ǰ
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ǰĴԵжԵǣ޶ޣܹƽ
Էų˺ڷֵܣųСߣųųޣͲסֵκҲֻ÷ų磬һСöҲó
һʱ䣬ʮ˲ĺǻʣϹ޺СߣϹԼŮһڴǰ
ǳΪ˶ԸСô
һĲ¿ŴԣеıͿһһ
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ſӣޣжӣ
޿ߣɻǲ;˵塣
̣Ұɣ̰ڰ
ȱˣǰĴԣǻȥһբš
һ仰ע⵽ԶĴԣǴԵκܳ
ôõߵݾˣ
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Ǽǧ߻ûɵûȵһĻԵڼԻΪʱ򼴱ĹҲס
ųԵǰļ࣬ɴû뵽Щ߾ȻϹϹԼŮ
࡫
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Ǹʲô㿴˲ɣȻΪԣһֻصĴء
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ŶԭǿЦ
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ҡҡͷ䱸Ķ磬ŮͻȻƶȡߵݾơ
ô˵ǿȥĵբˣ
룬λ룬ԣλүȥĵբţء
Եβ;բŵʯһĵǧ׹բű򿪡
ĵբ֮һ֩룬Щ֩ÿһ˾綾ֻҪմȾһ£ж
ԣʲôˡ
һŮŰԣֿ˿һȺˡ
Цţǰ˿ĵķ
ӣôʶˣοҶ֮жԲЩޣǲ͵ûΡ
ĿҲŴԵĿ˽ϣȻǿػߵϹޡ
üͷʮĹôһӳôϹޡ
°ɣ·
һ£ˮĺɫ֩׷ÿһ·
ųǰĺɫ֩롣
ԺվһĿŽһȥЦ޲ѵ档
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һֱŴԵע⣬Ѿ뿪˵ĸĹѨɱȥȡߵ
ɣ˲Ҳˡ
ĴĹ˼ϾҲǰǣûдԺ˵ĻǴĵĹѨʱ㲻ƽˡ
ĵĹѨ͵բ֮һ͹ƽ̨һƽ̨Ϣһᡣ
һůƽ̨ԨϴŻϢ
ʱĵĹѨڣ˿ԡ
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һ
ε³һ
ûлûȻЩޱŮĶ֡
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˫۵׸ǲ⣬Щĺôˣʲôصĵطô
֪ܲһֹܣܿ̽ϵϢϵϢ볣˲һǿ˿־壬ͺǡ
һʱ벻ʲôʵĴԼҪ˵Ļڣݵ˼֮׹ЩϵϢôһ¶
ϹѪе

1274 п淨

1274 п淨
˵ǼϵϢϹŴеһ˫ü΢΢
ϹŴеӾǳʮĹɭҲʮΣյ顣
еΣָıϹѪ֮еĴ
ڱǱĽģϾϹŵĴУǿĶ
ǣɭ֮ȴ޵ģ˺ɱĴڣһ֪Ѫ֮ϹĴУ˱ɭĵˡ
Ŀ⿴ѾʧʵеļŮأһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
㲻ǰŮһô
ʲôˣ
һ˫ɫӼֲ⣬˭಻ǳһôһֻ۾һ͡
㻹ǵĹеŮͼô
Ҳ񰡣ŮͼŮòһ
ԷĻŮͼŮŮͼϵŮӳøͲ
˵Ĺ֮еһŮͼڻþ֮еŮͼ
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Ĺ֮иΧסĵطʹ޷Խ磬ȴǴӽ濴
ĹҵĽ緶ΧڻһŮͼ˵ŮͼҲȻһŮӵĻŮӳúŮơ
ֻеŮһޱʥϢŮټЩ࣬ĸоеһģһ
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ҪĻôǿ
ѾƽϢˣҲûʲôͻһ뵽ϹϹŮǸŮȡԼߵݾƺȵ񣬴ԱһĶ񺮡
ǱǸŮŵĲ壬ǸϽЩԳԵĲǡ
ȻǼС˵Ķ֣ʮĹıȺûôõˡ
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ʱ˿̣ĵڵĹҺ͵Ĺҵƽ̨Ϣ
ƽ̨һʯ̨ŰɫâҲġ
ģЩ
ʮĹж󣬸ղǾĸĹңԽߣĹԽ󣡡
ôӴĹҪķѶ
ֻڵĹҵıԵʮĹôʮĹ£
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ӵĹ뿪ܷ֮һֱû˵Ŀ⾶ֱĿԶ
ܷǰеɵݸܷ塣
壬Ѿȥʮ꣬Ȼ˵Щѷ£ŵվҪǰ
Ҳ֪Ҫοܷʲô˵ЩƯûʲôЧãǣҲҪ˵
尡ǲôء
ֶһƵݸܷ壬仰ܷεҡҡͷЦ
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ҪסĻ㹻ԼߵˣǧҪչֳԼɭ磬ɱԽ顣
ܷǾҲھ潪ĵˣЩڱһ¶ɭһ¶
Щһ䣬ŽļСһ仰ԡ
ôô
ȻҼǵǰѣӶŵһСӵõһϹŪ½֪С뽫Ϲиϴ󣬽
ܷ˵Ӷǰ飬Ҳɭп滷ʵдա
СжǻҲжʮˡ
ǰҵһϹ˵һϹûбӡɲ֪ôˣӶŵõϹϢֶߣɭ硣
Ϊ˵õϹ˿ʼ󣬶ΪӶŵİȫԨ֮С
Ԩ֮ħ嶼ҽȥĵطҲ׷顣
ɱϾӶŵˣô۸
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ӶϹֱڶâⲻغӶŵǶһء
ûȵһ̰ĸ徹Ȼô塣
ȻΪˣӶŵֵܴĵϴ󡣡

1275 ʲʲô

1275  ʲʲô
ϴΪ˿ţһСǳ˭ǵ˸ϴһ¶밲
ɾˣӶŵ˻Ǵ渣ϴ
˵ΧɱһΪϹԭһҲΪϹѪе
ܷ˵˶ԭ
ϹȻշһеǵӶŲǳصģһ㲻дʲôǡ
֮ԻᷢǼ飬кܴһԭǲ֪˭͸¶˶Ѫ
ܷһĵ˷׷üͷ
ʲôöԭϹѪе
զϹѪеʮţôԱˣ
ΪʲôϹѪеǺǿôΪʲôǵ¶򡣡
ǵıƾͲ֪ڱ磬ϹѪеʮǿģҫģɭǣһȷʵĴڡ
ܷˣÿÿ粻ͬĹڱ磬ϹѪ϶Ϊҫ·ϵΪǿ⣬ɭȷʵ޵Ĵڡ
һ巢ԼĺѪϹŴеκεĻ·ϹŴߣǱ᲻һеĽɱֱΪֹ
ȵȡеΣΪʲôƾʲô
³еΣ̫ɭֵĹΪʲôϹѪôΪʲôҪַܵ˵Ű
һжΪǧǰһƽ٣ʱɭĸΪҡ
ܷ˵ǧǰ飬Ǽ鼸غɭĴ
ʱӵһϹŴеߣԼ׵׵ƿɭ磬ΪĻܵ˵ĳݡ
ΪϹŴߵǿһսУʮ
գǿ߲þĸЭŽϹŴǷ׷׻ɱɭ˱ȺϹѪ˵ͳΡ
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࡫
ܷſˮһʱ޷ô̼顣
壬ҲˣǶϹѪĴߡ
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ֲãֲüССͱ˵Ϊ
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ȻܷһĵǣҲһ仰û˵
Ǳǹڰ˸ӵݡ
񣬽ѾӶŵˣϹѪߣӶҲȥ˺Լֵܡ
Ҫı˸СһǾǺӶΪС
˵ĵϢһɫƽ̨֮²ϵظֶǺɫϢ͸ŨҵĴ̱ζ֪ĻΪ˭ڹʺˡ
Բۣʲôζ
ղŻûŵζôһ˲ζ˴ǻԴ˵졣
Сġ
ܷվһԨеĺڰһһŵĺ֮⣬ʲôûп
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ֻھһһĹѨ֮󣬲ܵĹѨȥõŮͼͽ˵ǰ·Ī࣬ˣ̶ѨҲҪȥ
Ӧ壬ĪҪ׵չֳѪе
ܷòģһˣŴһǰһĹѨ
뿪ƽ̨ţ˵բǰ
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բ֮һŨҵѪζբڣĹҺͮͮһƬǵϻĹҶˣѪɫȾ졣
ЩѪеʵѪҺ˳ʯһʣеѪҺѾɺʯУȾѪɫ
Բۣģ

΢ĺӲԶ˵ĿڲԶѪ֮УֻһŮڱ˫ѪɫĴš
ŮӪؼǸŮô

ȷô
һ۽ģǰþȫŽѪеŮק˳
ȫѪɫȾ˵Ů̱ڵϣд˿־֮ɫ
ŮƺоʲôֲĶһһ˲վŽı㳯ĹѨȥ
ıһ˫Сֽץţǲ⣬ǸŮĹѨ档
ܷҲȻ׷˳
զӣ
³̻µһ˲䣬ʮֻ޴ĺɫѴɽһӾѪ֮УѪеζ
һĻ˸˲ɵúëըҲŮһٶԭ

1276 ̰

1276 ̰
ѣɫ޳ѣһ棬ĵ淢
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Ѷһ൱Ķұ޵
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׼ǰȥɫѵʱŮס˽ĵ䣬ʾСġ
İɣǻСĵģ壬⺢Ӿ鷳չˡ
ŮͱȽĵСһЩȴ˵˺ӡ
ôһеı顣
ܷЩ⣬ĵʲôԸǲ˽⣬һûʲôܼȺ޵Ŀ⣬һȺѡ
ⲻ֪ΪñĩΣ֮С
ʱ˿̵ѲǵյѣǶһڣͱ
Ů˵һɫľ޴մ˶أŨҵѪζ֮䣬˶ĵĺܡ
ԣų磬ЩѾͽˡ
û⡣
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ǣȻųϱ
³̿һС˳ǽڷ϶Ż˹ȥۿžҪߣһ³Լٶնɱѡ
һʱ䣬ĹбѪȵĻøǲҲ̶ãһһѱۿǰ·Ѿ˳뿪Ĺҡ
ڴʱһŭصĹѨ֮Уһʷǰ޴ɫѴɽл˳޴ĺܣ͵Ĺҵеһƴ
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ˣҳɶ¶ô
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κȽָںȾƳŮֲ¶óʱԶСֻԲ˵׷ɫѣ޲ٳȡ
裡
СߣϹޣţ
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СҲǳԵɫѣƿɫѵĸȡеڵ
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1277 Σս

1277 Σս
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ǽҲſˮɭɭķ䡣
ȥ֪ˡ
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ҡҵ죡
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ĹеĻ棬һĿɿڴ
ǧʬ屻ʯ棬ϲƺɫĲΪʱĹϵټɽĻЩɫĲ·һɫһ
ʬ屻һţ֪δķ紵Щʬ壬ҡš
࡫
⡭ʲô
һʯųǰĹֻʯôһֵǣЩ澹ȻƯڰУػصƶţк档
ܷΪףСĸ߹ʯš
Сġ
ܷĪҪйľٶⴥκλء
ʮǰҲֹբ֮⣬Ѿ뵽˵բţ겻˵ȥҲġ
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ԺŮͬʱڣ˶һۣԼ˵ЩӼ
Щ׼عʵԼ֮󣬻û˼룬Щ˻ᱻɵһֳѣȻӡסһĻ֮С
ѻӼг棬һظţѱḡȡӼ֣Լٶȳɳ
ֺݶѳ᷽ʽںܾúܾǰѾʧˣû뵽վȻôӼ
˵ʱŮһֱԣȵ˵껰֮󣬻ڲ
˵Ǹعһףֺݶķʽġ
ףҲף
³תͷһԣѲһô
ʲôǿ
ָŲԶһʬ壬˵ĿѰָķȥһ˲䣬һһߵڰеӼصζĻ֮С
ԭʯ·ʮҵĵطһĵ棬Ӽ׹أ绨ƿѵһ֮ȫëصĹѨ֮С
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ԺŮɫһ䣬ҲƲʲôˣʾ˸ϽܣЩӼûȫ׹ܶԶܶԶ

1278 ĵĻ

1278  ĵĻ
Ӽһּ񶾵ѳ᷽ʽЩŴΪӼ׸ڤõ˽ͬĵλ
һ㣬ǽӼĹѨ֮УĹߵ֡
ĳһϣĵ˲ǵĹȻѾĹѨĹеĻأҲֻѾӵˡ
ƵӼʼϵ׹䣬ص˶ߣߵբ֮ǰ㿴ǳӼԼٶȳ˹
ʲô
³̿һ۶ĵ޷ݵȫëëģ³̻ڳÿһˣֻһ뷨Ǿܣ
ɵߵբ˿Ƹ򲻿ʮΣҲ޷ߵǧ׹ŵբŴ򿪡
ʱǰסͺγѾմʯţۿžҪƽ

ųһǰȫ׵绤壬׵ⶫǶЩһõģκӼ̫ࡣ
ô죿ħô
ЩааħȻܶӦô죿
һڷħ֮Уᱻ׵УĩȻްܷŮյ׵ֺŮӲ塣
㾡Сӡ
Ҳֻ취ˡ
˵ͷץסŮһᷢʲô鶼Ҫ뿪Լ߰벽
˫ֽӡĹҵոų׵磬һǿĽ罫ĹҶΧУ漴Ƶ׵粻ϵ£γӵϡ
ÿһ׵£һոշĳӶ飬ɫҺŵĵǣɢŻζ
Ż
Ҳܲסµľͷκתθеʳ¶ҲǿŲûе˵ǰ³
ħ֮£ӼѾ룬һСӼһӼǱУѡ
ģ
㿴
ʾ˳ϵķȥ
һƬУһʯ֮£ԭ׵ѵӼӾȻ¾ۺһγһӼ
ʯ⣡
Ϸ޴ʯ֧ĹѨҪ뿪ĹѨߵբ֮󣬲ҳ׵׵ýӼӻʯ֮ء
Һ³ȥ
£³̶һԾʯԶ
ʯΧӼӰΧţ޷
³̣ǵע⣬ԼСĵ㣡
ţϱҲСһЩ
ӼճҺкǿĸʴԣֻҪһ˾ͻᱻԵҺ帯ʴĸɸɾͷʣʲô
³е񵶣ϹŵıֻҪϲմȾӼӵճҺȻʲô⡣
ǻߣ
ȻܴһӼ³ȥһӼεػʯ
˫һУָ΢ſʮѷɽǷɽԼٶȳǰȥųҲŻڷħ֮У׵ҪֹӼӡ
ӼǺ˻⣬ԭ³̵Ӽһѷȫת򣬳Żɱȥ
ϱСģ
䣡
һ׹ըѿڻӼΧʱųڻһ߿˻
ιѾľȻ
Ҫ߿㣬ͳȺӼʳˡ
ųһһʯΧϱ׵вӼӣǲһȫӦ֮ߣ˭Ҳ뿪Ĺҡ
һҪʯҪֵӼĽ
СߵĶҺ
ʲôһӣС߳ǰ
Сֵ߳ʱӼһȥȻǾСϵĶҺ
ˣЩĵĶ˭ô
Сţɨһ£ĵİѸոճԵĲݶ˳ɫ֭ҺӼӵϣһ˲䣬ӼӱΪһ̲ˮ
СߵĶҺȻӦӼӡ
ӦǺ¶ɡҲ̫˰ɣ
أСߣˣǣ
Сȫ¶ŶأҴӽŵͷźƤëȺӼӵҺ޷ʴġ
ֻСյߵʯ£ȫһһɻ˳
꣬ܲˣŻ
³ܲĻ棬Լʵζ޷ݵζ
СʯԣԭʯԱӼҲһ̽ˮ
ȻСֵ߳˲䣬ıջ˷ħ
ģû¶ɡ
ްе㡭Ż
ҲֶܲĵĽתʼ
һһҲ̲ˣ޲ðϵķ³
ȣЩô
һʼȾһֱ£൨Ҫ³ˡ
ų۵ĺܣκȵĺ󱳣ǰɫ԰׵˶жôϧˡ
ڳԣųԼ֮⣬˰·ϾŮڵϡ
ң˾̵ס
ǿſˮһɫͬѿļүǡ
¾£ţǲЦǵġ
ߣȿȡ
ʲôĳûŻ
ԭװһװܷһھˡ
ˣӼСߵһȫҲڳµü˰
ʯٵһ˲䣬ߵբſ

1279 ʱ޿̶

1279 ʱ޿̶
բ֮Ļ棬һӶԸἰҲԸȥ롣
̫ˡ
һоգߵբŴ򿪵ʱ򣬲ûʲô˾ĿĴӴڣֻһããĹ⣬ĹС
â쳣ᣬʮֵ滺һĨȥеķǳ
׹֮Уķ·𿴵ԶһӰڳԼ֣ʮϤһϮºڷЦ֮гᡣ
ڤֱ֮ʱЦһ
ġ
վڲԶڤҹڤҹ˫ָ󣬴ǵЦӵ۵ס
ڤҹ㲻ڤNɪʲô
ǰ¿ڤҹôɭˡ
Ȼ㡣
ڤҹ֣޳ʳָظŽĵգǶ䴹ĳ˳
δĿҡ
ûУһ㶼ûУΪɶ㡣
æҡҡͷΪʵ뷨һĨȴʵʵĳ
أڤҹǰһ˫֧ǽϣı¡
㣬ʱ޿̶㡣
ԣеĪŨҡ
ڤ
꣬ģ˵ɺá
ڤҹ˼˵ĽģʳָطڽĵĴϣһ˫ŵ۶ӦŽĵӰӡ
ΪʵУֻŶԷӳĵӰ
ܸоóڿףʱ޿̡
˵ǣҡš
ߺɬСŮģжôˣʱڤҹĵͷҪǽġ
ǧһʱ򣬷·һ˫ץס˽ģҲϵĻصһϤ
ȵȣ
ƺʲôһŲһС
þǰжǻþ
ǽߵĹ֮󿴵˰׹⣬ȻͿڤҹ
̸ȵģϵ
ǰǻþһ˲䣬ϵڤҹʧˣʧӰ١
ǰָʲôڤҹеֻǽץסֹ䵽Ԩ֮С
ڵߵĹ֮У׹ľͷһ׵ԨֵĻþǳԨȥ
ֻҪ׹䵽Ԩ֮Уǻˡ
ġ
ҡû¶ˣ
ڰ׹ڸǣδϵ糺졣
Ĳɵаţôڻþпڤҹһϡ

ҧŴǵĽԼĴһþס
ϣϣϱˣҴˣûв˽ǮǮ˰
Զͬþ֮е³һţȻǺͿȻǻþеĻ˶õ
ʱĻҲӻþ˹ߵߣþе³̡
ϱôױٸ߸ߣҪΪ㵱
ڻþе³Ϊ˺ģſڵװӣһһı顣
һ棬ĺ˵Ŀⲻɵ˻ϡ
˽ͦ˰
ܿҰ
ûУûУ
ĶҪѪǰץס³̣³̵Ķһɬһţ³̴ӻþѹ
ϱɶʱ򴩺·ˣզôأ
ѹû·Ѿĸ죡
һƴ³̵ԴϣһƵ³ǷӦˣԭղŵһжǻþ
ѽѽþҲ̫ʵˡ
ϱ˵ǻþеһ̫ôˣ͵ҵ·ģ
ٸҶ˵һ䣬ŲҰȥ
в³̱죬ˡ
һԵĽĺЦĲѣ³̾³̣ţƣ
һߣþееĿԶеĿ޸ͣ
ģôˣ
½½ӻþлصʵһһʧ䣬ڶûд󰭣Ψһ˻ڻþ޷뿪
ĩİ˸˺Ůվߣſ޵ĺСһ壬ǲ⡣
徿ʲôզ޵ôء
ܷеˮϵ޵ǽһ
ܲʮǰһĻ
ʮǰһĻһӶһʮĹе飬˵֮⣬˶ʮĹС
ˣһʱ̶޷뿪þ
ң˻һ飬þеʱԽãԽԻصʵҲἫĺΪ
ʮĹǰؿǾ裬õߵĹѨ˷ɣҲˣΪ
һЧİ취صʵ
ѾԹ˺ַܶʽʹ̼úеķʽ嶼ûκηӦ
еĻһҵķӰɡ
³ߵǰȻ˵ӺΪֱӡ
վܷǰ³̻һſָԲ׼ܷһƣʹΪֱۣһӻþġ
³һƼܷ֮ʱӻþиոѵܷ建ڣǼ³̡
СҪǸҴӾͰ档
ϣˣҾ˵ҵķЧɣ⻹ûȥˡ
³ЦţʵĽ˻
忴һ˵ĵģۻδɺԵĴǸֳһĨЦ⡣
û¶ˣǵˡ
ϴȻ֪Լ˻þУþ棬صʮǰʮǰһʮĹֵܣһĿֵһԼǰ
֮У˺ѷεεȵȵһӵϣþеҪһ˰ˣеøѣ˫ס׼Ծһ˲䣬һ˫˫赲
Щ˵ЦһӶ޷ȴģڻþУѾȥֵǻǾ׵׵ķһУӻþлصʵ硣
߰ɡ
ܷͻˣ˲ܾȥһֱʹĻС
ˣֵıֵ̫ˣҪţȥֵǺúõĻȥ
ıӰĺ࿴˱˴һۣǿˣʮǰļ
ˣá
Ҳ뿪˻þߵĹѨеİ׹ɢĸɸɾһʯųԨ֮Уǰڰ˵բŵ·
ǣûʲô
ңʲôû
ϸţ³Ҳſڵڰ˵բԾʲôû
ӣ󡣡
ԽŮŮֽŮһŮһʮĹΪѰһζҩݣŮ峤
뵽δĹң֮˾Ѿˡ
ɣŮһǿ󣬵һ͵͵뿪Ůһ壬ûдĸ֣Żᷢı顣
СһЩ
³̺һһҵĿ˵ڰ˵բţբſ֮˵ʲôˡ

ͯЦص˶ߣǴЦ峺ޱȴҲȫëը
Ҫ֪ʮĹĵڰ˵Ĺңһ˼ǧĹѨ˸ָΣգǶޡ
ڵڰ˵ĹоȻ˺ͯЦܲĵëô

1280 ˽

1280 ˽
³ſˮĴ˿ȴʲôͯӰӡ
⡭ɶ
ͯЦ

һͯЦص˶ߣҲëˡ
ѽ˽ˣǧˣҵڶμ˻ء
磬ЩǺ˻ǻ˰
ãиأ£Ҫǻ˵ĻǶˡ
ϲˡ
˵˷𣬵˸˵Ӱ
ɶⰡ
³һſˮѲڰĹңʮ֮⣬Ծǲκ˵Ӱӡ
ιʲô
һײǰһ
û㰡
³һ޹˫ֱʾԼס
һЩСͷϣ
³˵껰Ҳһײϣ˼ͣ
ߣȺ࣬Сͷ
磬Ǻף£
ŮͯŴ࣬ͯԽ׺һϵĻţҲ̬á
СܵСãǿʲô
Ůǰв֪ʱ죬ö
СŮǱһһģģĺɫӰߵǰʾ⽪ĵ˲Ҫ
Ư㣬͸ҵô
ϲôϲĻǴϡ
ţϲϲǴ
СŮֳΣȫޱȣʲôֻܿһ˫ͮͮ۾Ŀе
ƣһǻô졣
ͯҲֳȫѩһ˫۾ȴǺڵҪ
ģƸоϵĻζǺˡ
ƵŮͯǰһ
㣬ƺ͸òá
á
Ůͯͷϣҳ֮Ϊͷ
磬ѽ𣡡
ðɺðɣû취
ͯΣŵǰͷϡ
壡
Ůͯ˵תȦҲ죬ö
磬㿴ƯƯ
ȻƯˣÿµһŮء
ĵЦţȴˮϵ
ôˡ
³̲ŻҲԣΨһܿóıġ
ϵŮͯͯӰҲʧͯȫɢ֮ʱ˵һлл
ô¶
˶һı飬׷ʲô飬Ƕôʧأ
κǰžزյۡ
Ƚ㡣
ޡ
κȰο˵ͨĻ档
ŮԼǶӦа飬Գ꣬Сӵˡ
һʧܣҲǿߣһܿǰĻ档
ӱǻ壬κλʵۼݱҲΪѳƷΪ񶾵ķӳΪͯͯŮĹ顣
ٻǸҵĻ档
˺ˣû¶ˣ
λ壡
ָǱĩİ˸ˣ嵱Ȼֻܷһˡ
ˮǰ˵űҪ˿ͷ
飬ɶ¶ֱ˵ͳɣô̫ˣ
λȣҲſڰ˵ĹѨŮһʮĹΪ˸ѰһζҩĲҩ
˵һʮĹԵɣΪõҩݣû뵽ȴڰ;۽ֻʣԼһˡ
֪ԼҵҩڽӴĹе֪ȺӶŵĹӶ
λҵίУʮĹҵħݣӶʯŮʾֻҪλɭһ죬ŮԶλΪϱ
ħݣ
ʯ
Ůϱ
Ļĵ˱˴˵ĿԼ
ʯһѲС֣ܷΪŮϱ⼸֡
Ӷ˵ⲻ˴ɱɱճһΪǸϱǿϵ˵ɭŮ塣
Ҫ֪ŮȻ࣬ʮأռԤԼֵӸ󲻵ĺôߣΪҪһ㣬Ů峤߲þ֮һĳϡ
һ䣬Ů峤ʲôô
Ҫ֪Ů峤ĲΪҪõħֲҩ
ħҲ˵һЩģĻУǧѳһꡣ
ħһаҩݣŮ峤ǵʲôȻҪõħݡ
Щˡֱԣ׵ĲȷȷʵʵҪõħݣˣҲ͵͵ܳ
Ϊ׵Ӷŵ˽һεʮĹҵħݲҽȫ͵Ů壬ʱԻʯᱻŮΪϱֻҪɭһ죬Ƿʲô⣬ŮԲԹۡ
壬ǽĻ㲻˽
Ӷŵһ㶼Ӷܻᣬÿһ붼ʮȷģΪҪЩűĽ˰գ൱ӶܻгɣΪάֹʽ
Ӷŵ벻ӶܻᣬҲж˽룬ͺñȸǰ֮ǰӵһ
˽һϴ㱨
һĨթЦ⣬е鼫ơ
ȻѾʮĹǾ˳ֽˣ˵ˣֻҪӶܻǽû˽
Ȼܶ๫ֹӶ˽½κͽ񣬵Ծвٵôˡ
ãǽˡ
ȷеĴ֮Уһ˿ϣͬʱ
лλֻҪλܰǵħݣŮһᾡӶɭ緢չ׳󡣡
Ǿ̫ˣ
ҲֵÿģȻ֪ʮĹΣڶ࣬ħҲȻɾܵõģǾ仰Ȼˣ˳һ
λڵڰ˵͵ھŵĹѨ֮һӣӽʮĹʼ˱һֱߣһ˵ԽǳĹȥǾԽԶ
ӵɫе찡
ʲôе㣬˭ҵĺˮֳɫɫ
ҪһЩ鿴ˮʲôرĵطû뵽ոն£ںڵĺˮбܳһ޴㡣
ֻ˳Ҳûбľٶһˮеʱ򣬳Զߡ
㡭ô󣡡
һĴˮ˳󣬸糱ˮӿˮ棬ǰߵķȥ
ڸ
ӵʱ䣬ˮнƽĵͷŲԶȥھŵբűںӶ԰ķ
ţԾ
ԭƽĺˮȻʮУ֮Уһɫ֦ɴˮð˳ɲ֮䣬ɫɱ߽ھŵբʵʵĸС
ɶ⣿
ʮĹδżδĶ̫ˣǰǺѹѹ֦ɾ֮һ
Բۣ⵽ɻ֣

1281 

1281 
֮£ɫ֦ɸһֻֻ˵ֹǱȾΪ˺ɫ
ھŵբűʵʵİˮֵǹ룬޷򿪡
ô졣
̯֣ʾԼҲûκηˡ
߾𣬻׷񵶣Ҳϳˣ޷򿪵ھŵբš
һ£Һһ΢Ϣ
ʾоʲô
٣
٣٣ھŵբ֮١
ǳͬһϹʦ֣֮˴ܹ֮ӦԷϢ
ӽʮĹΧڿʼѾٵֵǣʮĹ֮󣬺ʲôĸ֪һֱڡ
ӵھŵբڲܸоʮ΢Ϣ١
٣Ǿ
Ⱦǧ֮ãʮĹУ̫ĻҪһʡ
ڱһբʲôӶ򲻿ھŵբš
Ҫ򿪵ھŵբţҪЩ˰Ķɾ
˵Ҳ֪
羻ԣپڵھŵբ֮ЩɫĿ֦ӦǱٵĴڡ
޷ٹͨô
ˡܸоߣϢ΢
˼;ƿ֮ǰҲˡ
һĪչ֮ʱһӵھŵբ֮˳쳣ȴʮֵ
ô
ôңǾ
ҪǿţǱ֦赲⡣
ʱǧʱһط꣬˵ĸˣ̫̫ĻҪ˵Ҫ硣
˻˻ĹѨ֮УֻڵھŵբϵĿ֦ɢھŵբŻ
һƬ޺ڰĿռ䣬ֻһźסǧ꺮񴲣֮ϣһɫɫŮӿһ̣ųЦ⡣
٣
һԾڵϣɿǰĻ֮ʱһסˡ
ôôˣ
ٻΪŮӣױһţҲһǣ޷
˺
Ҫקȴ⼣߰ߵķơ
ûõģֻʣһʧ֮ǰ㣬Ѿˡ
ǳһ벻žԴ
μʱֻһûʵ񣬲ܻûΣɳΪͤͤŮ
ã֪ڵľһҲ˵ġ
ܣϹ٣ôԱס
һҪɽһ
ЩϵķרϹĴڣʱղࡣ
Ǿ仰֮ǰˡ
ôΪʲô
⣬Ϲʲôڶǿ߲ŻὫ˵㡣
ڵ˭
ûлش⣬žڵ˭

ָվڵϵĽģ˲䣬ĸоΧžһƬռֻʣԼ١
ǾôŮת
ڿ֮󣬲ǰŮϹŮתҲֲþѡΪ
Ҳá
СԺ鷳ˡ
ˣӦõġ
٣ĲûѰ֮ҪΪе̰֮ġ
ʡαӵġ
仰澻ʵģʲôɲþ֪Ŵһռ䣬ֻ˵Ŀռ䡣
˵̰˼鰮Ҳ䵽ز
ЩѾˣľֲΪĴо֪ǶԼĳͷ
Ҳʱ뿪ˡ
˵֮ԳΪʱյ³ȫΪһ
ٵĹУΪ졣ŭúΪ˳ǷµծǧһֱʮĹ
⼸ǰʱʮĹѹߣȺӼԣ֮ʮĹΪ
ٺ౩Ĺ£ܺͬһµйԼµҲֻԼе
ҵʱղˣܷʮĹĿô
˵һĿΪѰĹеŮͼħݡ
ҲʮĹĿģŮͼħݡ
ҲգһҲǸýˡ
Īһ仰ýЩ⣬ʲôýˣ
еʣٽŮͼĹ֮ĹϵһŮͼʮĹͻῪʼʱʮĹеһнڡ
ħݡ
һӣһɫСݳڽǰ
ħݿԸ㣬ҪӦһ飬뿪ʮĹ֮󣬺úõչ˾
䣬ٷĲµ顣
ĹеıԼʱǧľ
ƽȻеһǡ
˼ʮĹѨвŮͼˣ
ţΪʬĹУһǽʮĹңȻӴ
һ˵ĺϸڱ֮󣬽Լа֮Уʬǧ겻ѾΪʬٿԼ˯ǺӲ롣
УҪӦңɱ
˵仰ʱٵǲġ
ϾŵˣΪٸ˲صĴǣŻҷĽ֡
ǸҲ٣˿޶ıΪ˰ˣ춷ҲҪԼƳʬ쿹⡣
һǴ򿪵ʮբţ֮һУҪԼˡ
£ĵ˼صʵžͷĵʮբҲ
١
ס˽ɢαһ٣Ҫޣ۵ȴûˮ

ߣͷŵľ
ˣ١ˡ
δԼһһ̣ȴǶ˷ֱ֮ʱ
բŴˡ
ͨŵھŵĹҺ͵ʮĹҵբſȻ䣬һа֮ʵϢӵʮĹзӿ˳
һ޷ݵаȫоɭ쳣
ô¶
СһЩʮĹҲҪŮͼʬ
ʬ
ʲôʬ
˵ЩëϴʮĹĵˣȻҲĵˣû֮һ
֮⣬Ҫ뿪ʮĹҪܵʮĹеʬҪȻ˭Ҳȥ
ûʱ廳ȥ٣СĽһĹѨ
ĹѨɽĵ׶ˣտĹռʮֿ㣬ÿٲῴһʯʯģܿʯϿ̻ġ

˲֪ʯдʲô֣ɴоϢҲܲ³һЩֵֹĲʲô⡣
ǧСģĪҪ⣡
֪ˡ

1282 ʬ

1282 ʬ
һʯǰʯϵ˸е񺮡
Ǿ仰Ȼ֪ʯϵʲô˼ɶǸö
վһԱ𶯡
ĿһʾԭؾͺãʮĹ̫ΣգԣʬС
˭Ҳ֪ʬʲôӣ֪жôΪߣԭΪʡ
ãҪСġ
֪ԼǸŽһ˽ʮĹңֻҵķݶ
˽˴֮Уֻ˫ֺʮΪţϣƽ£Ҫκβõ顣
󲻾ãһص̾Ϣص˶ߣԶ߾ǰÿһ˶оǵ̾Ϣеǿѹ
٣ô
ֲֻܷܶõС
ʬʲô˼ȴǣˡ
ǧٶԼӡʮĹҲͬӡʬ
񣬵ʮĹеʬѣȻŽʧ
Ҳգǧĥʱˡ
һʲôѵ飡
һѣʬ»ɡ
棡
ʮĹҵϷһյĹײĹʮ룬ϵķǿˣ޷סѾѵʬ
֮ϣʬһɫۣѾ˽ףɫĳͬǺѪɫƤһһ˫ɫӸˡ
ɫĳɫ˫ⲻǽħ֮״̬ô
ġô
ݣɫɫ˫Ķô
һ³̣ĽĿʬϣҲ뵽һضһս
壬Ⱥˣ
ΪΣ
ܷ岻⣬Ҫ⼸Сһ뿪ǲʱˡ
һҪʩչħ󷨣ڳĻɾ޴ˣͽˡ
ɣʲôҪܿڣ浽
ܷеϵӼĹѾʶ˷ħýⱣĻͱ׵⽹ˡ
˳˵ʮߡ
ʱĹѨ͵ĹѨеĴӵĿ˱˴һۣǸо˱ڵʮĹǿʬˡ
ϹѪеǼѾ˵ʮĹң˼
ȥ
£ĹѨ֮Ҳ뿪žͿ֡
ԺͬǰʮĹȥ֣֮ôжʬġ
ʹֶʬĶ֣˵ڻŵʱǸ֮࣬нԼΪʬǸ֡
ڴ
ʮĹУʬӹһĿתڽĵϡ
ࣿû뵽ǧ֮ĹѨľȻࡣ
ʬЩ⣬ɭ࣬ΪһĹѨĽ壬壬Դɱ䣬ǧǰĳޡ
ȹеҪãȻΪ˵Ĺң˱׼ķʽ
ʬУ۽Ĺҵ໹Ǳ壬վҪµġ
ѾˣҲûʲôǣˣҪ帴ЩΪǸ߸ϵ¡
˵ĵ棬ôô
İŷīɫһĨթ֮⡣
׻˵úãһԾŶο㼸ǧǰǻʵۣ˵ջأȻˣһѡȻ

һڣûʬĻᡣ
ٵĹദĻ棬ȻǰʬƢ꣬Ƕû˵ԽֶոȺܱСңԴĺ
֮ԱĴս˵Դ֮󣬶ֻб˴ˡ
ΪϹ䣬Ȼڷãδֱһ˵ĳ֣ٶģһĸо
ϹվϹˣ˿ԽֱֻϹ˱ʧ֮У¶죬Ҳԭӡ
ʬҲԼǿ󣬱ó٣ܺٳþõȥ
ǣõĽֱˣҪռΪУøֱɵֶݺ
գ֮ĴսҲһ꣬عǿʢ˥
һһУһӣһ輸ʬ֮䡣
ʬȲҼթ񣬲˵Щھɱɱǡ
ĵȼ˲¯أһɲƮܡ
ΪʬйٻڣѾûŵζЩĶ
˵Ҫ˵ʲô

ʬ輸ϳһЩˮ֮⻹ƽϲԵСʳȻʬΪһ֮ǲЩġ
Ĵӻóһö壬ҽٻ˳Żԭε٣һı顣
ˡ
ٻʬ
ˣҪٸô
⣬Ȼ˴ƭǿʬģѹͲˡ
İɣʬκβõľٶ
˿ģֿ˿һͷʬĽٷ˲輸ϣĿһۻص˽ָ֮ȥҳ˯е߿ࡣ
٣㡣
ĽƵʬǰ
ʬڿٵʱһ˫ɫǰϧ
ٷӡԼǧ֮ãֻԼԼû㹻٣ңø˲˹³
һƺൽʲôصڵʮĹС
ˮȣʬ˲豭
ýĶ˲赹ˮִ˱ĩԼĽİ֮⣬Ҳûܹ˵Ŵ
ʬٶ˵ˣҲʬǽĹҵѰŮͼʬҲˣĹӶ
һˮɢ㣬ĶŲ豭ǳһǲصڿڳ֮䣬ʱ˿̵ĻΪ
ϲδʲôף֮յĺʬ˵֮䲢ǵˣȻҲѡ
ʬĵ壬ʮĹʼѾǧʱˣѾһ๦Ҳټ
㵽Ҫ˵ʲô
ʬŲ豭һڲ裬ɫӿģȴŽĵġ
ܼ򵥣ҪֻŮͼٹ㣬ǺƽеΡ
Ϊ˵ĹѨҪƽƽ뿪¶ô
ʬûü˻뿪ʮĹǰļŮȷʵЩʣֻϧվһ
ʬûĵĻĵ壬ǲ壬ͬǲʬĵˡ
һ½Ļе˼ȷĸʬʮĹĿŮͼǺʬˡ

1283 ˣ

1283 ˣ
οܵĽһ˭ʤ˭ҪֻǸȡѡ
ʬֻߣǳ˯˼ǧʬȺССҲǳصġ
ԣвˣ
һʱ䣬ԭгһν
ʱָ֮еŮСߣǻֵܶ˺γ
ȻսʬĶ֣ȺŹкܴʤġ
ųصգһԵǰڽߣҲԼһ衣
ʬӦˣǵӶǰѽǮڵһλܵвʱ򣬿ʹóֱɵֶΣǵȻʬĶˡ
ԣȺŹҲǲԵġ
˵ĺܶԣʬĶ壬ڽսĹˣٱǴ򵽰;ʱ򾪶壬Ǻѱˡ
ҲߣĶŵ˵еס
һʱ䣬Ȱĩİ˸˷׷Χڲ輸ԱߣÿжŲ豭Źӣǰʬһʲôľٶ
ǵ治
°ô᲻źǵʬںҵ屨𡣡
ֱԣʮħѾ˷ˣֶһʬǿɲһǿĶ֡
˵ǺһǿĶֱһ
ǡ
ƤһأųικȸողĹӣһĻʬǧ֮ǰԼ֮ĵεΡ
ʬ֪ôԼƳʬģô
˵ԣ֪ʵĴ𰸣ղſʯϵķģϡľЩ죬Щġ
ϱӸ
Լûְ
ٺ٣ϱ죬๫Ϊ٣
˸ȵģĲġ
³ٶĵĹǺһƴ³̵ͷϣĻЦĸ
Ѿϰֳ棬Ѿ߲ˣʬȴ쳣Ľָش٣ɫӾᡣ
ĲʬеİϽ˻硣
ʬģڵͬ٣Ȼ˱壬վϹʱ֮һλûΣֻ
ֻĻû˵ʬ˵Щʱ͵̧ͷ쳣
˵ʲôٻһλûô
ȻǳϹʦ֣֮;һ˴ʱ״̬ĴڣɳΪͤͤŮˡ
ĺʬ˵ھʱϴ֮󣬵ʺϵʱ֮ʱ»ûŮӵ̬
ȻʱٻǲǵʬǸ⣬УʱҲһԤ⡣
ΪϹֻľΪԼòһʱһ±任Ρ
ֻʱһ껹꣬һǧ֮ò˵׼ˡ
ŽĿеĻʬ¸ֳɫʣ쳣ĺ
⻰ùǿģȽһ
һ㣬ʬ֣صĵ˽һ˸ӵ
ʬôϢˣܲܰŮͼǡ
׼Ȼ֪ܸҲ˵ȥˣŮȥȥǡ
£ʬһֱʧ˵֮УὪĵǸʲô顣
ʱ˿վڵʮĹԼֵĴеɡ
ವһǰ뿪Ӧþʬˣ˵õļҴأļ˼仰ͽˣ
ȺȲྐྵӾ¶ˣ
ٵİɣЦذɣ
˵ԺܲˣܷҲû׹ô
յȥһ˵˶ȻὫвɵȱ
㶨Ȳ裬Ϣ֮Ͷ뿪ʮĹ
˵һŮͼʮĹԲżȲһ¡Ϊá
⡭ͽˣ
ܷڽĶ棬߾ʬŵλá
ֱһ̣ܷ嶼û׸ղŵ׷ʲôôͺȺȲྸ¶ˡ
ħݣǽ͵Ů壬ȻὫħݽ㡣
ףӶĹҶãлĽ㡣
ħݣж࿪ˣ׵Ĳоˣлϲԡ
Ȳ壬¶ɵĽôҪȥĶ˺ǡ
³̸ܷ嵽һ衣
תͷһ۵ʮբһ±ƵĴ󣬻˻֡
ԣҪҪȲ谡
ҪˣҪˣǻһ
ЩʮĹΪŮͼŮͼһȡߣʮĹͻ̮ǻ뿪ȽϺá
ǸʲôǺڰ
ڡ

1284 Ⱥ

1284 Ⱥ
˵һһŮͼߣôʮĹɭ缸ǧʮĹڡ
ڵʮĹеϷһǽǽϹһŮͼŮͼŮǣͬһ㡣
ɶ
³ǰ׼ŮͼʱȴڲӴһ磬ɫʯںƣһʱûв
簥һ硣
³̵˵ע⣬һվߵ³ߣҲŮͼԶһʯڽ硣
֣羹Ȼûκȫ˸оĴڡ
ǽ綼ʩߵĲ΢Ҳ˲ʮĹеÿһǿģǣûκͺȻγһ㣬ˮ
᲻ʲôֵǮı
³̿˿ֽĿڽĵϡ
ֻҪһ仰˵ͷȻȽѰұ
˰ɣʲôֵǵıǵҲѾﵽˡ
ʮĹѰŮͼȲ˵ģԴ˵ĹѨѾ߰Ϣˣ˵ˣӶӶŵӶǳĵĹ
һ˵һεͽȻ͵ĹûʲôӶ͵Ĺģ˵Ůͼ֮һеʹ˽ѡ
ðɣȻǶô˵ˣҲ˵Ϊˡ
³̱Ѿе˻תŮͼȡ˽ָС
Ůͼȡһ˲䣬ʮĹѨʼζգ۵ĹʮĹҲʼҡڣҪˡ
Ͻ뿪ҪȻˡ
˳ԭ·ٻȥѾǲܵģ˷ʱֱ鲼ΣգڣʮĹϷķһխխİ˳ŰһֱǰУŲϰɽʯһ¼˹
Ĳûз뿪ʮĹѨʱʯڽ洫һǳǳ̾Ϣʯ߳һŮӣŮӺͽŮһģһ
ŮվڼʯŵʮĹУͷһԶĽģһ˫мį֮⣬Ҳο
һߣͷʮ뿪ʮĹվڵϵĽķ֣Ǵʱ˿ʮĹɽϣǳ׵İȫ
ǿʲô⣡
³ſˮָŲԶ߸ɫĽʬһá
ԲۣȺôܳˣһܵ
״ܷ彪һٶתܣûдϢĻᡣ
һǲҡαɽ壬һ׷İ׽˴ɽѾķټŭվ˺߸ʬ򶷡
˵ˣЩʬǱӡôôܵˡ
벻Ҳ룬ʮ˱߸ʬ׷ţӱжǱˡ
ʬĻʬܺ˹ͨЩ׽Կûӣβ˵ʲôҲ
ιһѣ
³ЩˤʱǰɽѾѣγһ޴ķ϶Ԩİ׽ۿžҪ׷
һҧһģþ̵˶档
̵ģˣȺӾͺƴˣ
˵ǱĩȻǱɶʱ߸ʬ׷
ˣˣ
˵ʲôˡ
³Ѿ˺Ͱ׽ս׵ľġ
٣ǿ
ǰһ뻹һ׺ģ׼׽һܵ³̴ʱ˿ȴЦǳ֮⡣
޴ѷǰ׽ľ룬ɰ׽ֻ׷ɱʮ˵ͷܲһԾ֮ʣ׹Ԩѷ֮У׵׵ʧ
Ⱥûӵ⣬ȿȣ
Ц̫˶
߸׽Ԩڶ԰һ
𽥱ɽ壬ǰ˻ɽеĹѨգƶ˵ĸɽȴƽء
߰ɣҲ̫ԶȥϢһϡ
ˣ۰
Ҳ߰
˵κˣǿܷ֮ҲһǱҪ뿪ģ˭Ҳ֪ʲôΣգһ᲻ӶŻǿɱ˶ᱦ
¶˵
Ҳһ˸ոɽãһ̶ӡ
̶ӵĶӳҪȥҲӶŵ׼˴˳糵ǰ

صʱ򣬲ûȥϴүϢ
Ͼסڱ˼ңҪ鷳
ģκȻŮŮʹʹϴ˸裬Χ˵Ů֮Сԡ
ǴŶһȪʱӵ˽
Ůôҿ۾Ǳɫ֮⣬ûʲô𰡣
Ů岻壬׼ȷ˵Ů϶ɵ塣
ǿ˵岢ڵ壬Ϲ塣
ϹΪǿʴϻۣǿΨһ塣
ϹϣڵŮ壬Ϊ䣬ŮֻŮӣûӡ
ôܺģ
⣬ѵϹһ˶ϵô
ŮŮҪŮȥĸԡҹԻ̥
ôô
ۿһΪĸӣľȻͬĹЧ
Ǳ̻صŮ壬ǿԵĻлҽʦĸ׿ǮôǶѣ˵
ĿһĲҪҪġ
ദ̫Ƚҽˣٺòˡ
ֻҪܾףһϸ𡣡
׵ʲôҪõʮĹħݡ
κ˽ħݵĹЧ֮ʮֵĺҲŮ峤ʲôʲôĲ
аĶһ˻ܹˣǿŮ峤ҲҪСССĵ
Ҳֻ֪״߲þ֮ɫʮֵѿ˵жˣֻõʮĹħݷܽⶾ
˵һ㣬еĵ֮Ũҡ
СҲ֪ױȻǱ߲þĳһ˰˶
ȻѾͽ񣬵û˽˴еλᷢչء
ӶŵˣҵҪħݣֻҪصŮ壬׾Ϳްˡ
İɣɺüҽأһκ׵ġ
Цţͷο
һϣٴ̣һ·ǰŮ塣
ûĻǴʱ˿Ӧǰȥһ¹ȡ¹ǣȻصӶܻύ
룬ʯǿһʲСĿ
ʮĹǮȻ࣬ȥӶܻĳɣӶֵ֮ҲͲʣʲôˣ˵ˣߺۿѵˣһһβ

1285 ¹ɭ

1285 ¹ɭ
֪ߺһὫеǮһʮݶŻὫôһǮֵ
ЩǮҽҩѵأ԰˽ǱҪȥ
ӶҪǷΪ֣һֱǰӶܻȥȻɵѶϵӶŽۡ
ȼԽߵӶɭĴҲԽãͺñʮĹһʮĹֻҪŮͼϽܵõĽӶһ̨ףΪ׵֮С
Ҫ֪ɭǧ۳Ϊ׵ӶŵĿ֮٣ǾӶǧŬŻȡĽᡣ
ȣǻصӶ֮󣬸һᱧǣͷ
ЩǺ󻰡
һֱ˽ͺñʮĹʱŮֻҪ񣬱㹻ĽǮǻӻ
Ȼ˵˽ǲ׼ΪµӶǶѾĬֲģʽ
ֻ˽Ӷܻ֣һһ㣬һӶڽ˽ʱСķʲô⣬ӶܻԼӶڵӶǾԲġ
ԭˣ
ؼҶѣӦûʲôѶȣ˵ˣħѾҵˣֻҪСӻؼұɡ
֮ϣԭǰγɸȥŮķ˵ŹһЩŮĽɡ
յ˵ŮǾ׼˽ȥģȻĻᱻ
³׺ͳһ½ġ
ұȽϺϹ֮һЩ飬Ϲôǿôһɶˣ
³̺һ㡣
е֪ŮϹŴϹ϶Ψһܺ忹ı塣
Ĵ൱ߣֻϹȴӣ
Ҳ֪˵һЩϢϹ̫ǿ˼ɵϹ塣
Ҳ֪һЩϢˣڸģȵŮ֮ʳϱ֪һˡ
ʮĹ뿪ǰŮ·̺ķʱ䣬һ·ϣֻϢӿ·ڣڵ峿֮ʱŮڵ¹ɭ֡
ǰҼˣճϣľϣһˣ
¹ɭаУƬ̵ʱ䣬㿴ųȹŮ˳һǰϿ¿ҿֱȷƽŷ
ȥˣǺң
ٺ٣ճϷģȥʮĹȥħˡ
ʲô㾹ȻȥʮĹ
ľҲǰȷûܵκ˺صĵҲԼࡣ
֪峤жôĵ㣬Ůìڶ࣬ǱȺץô찡
ľһ仰ڣʶԼˣæͣ˻ת˸硣
˵ˣƽµĻͺãȻȥףױжôĵˡ
ţһľճϣҸһҵѣһǣҾʮĹħݻˡ
δճ϶˽¹ɭ֣ת˽ĵߣŽĵֽ˵ݣҸλʮĹжҪлЩ˳ȡ
⻰ô
ճϣҲԼЦҲ׵Ц
λһ£ǽ˿ҽ׵Ĳ飬һ׺ġ
ʱճǰŽĵŮȽ¡ص⣬ҲճΪ˱Լĸм֮мǰЩʮĹо
лλȣҵħݣŮճٴ˶лˡ
ճϿˣӶҲǽӵίУ׻˵úã֮֮ô
ЦţҲճлǵͬʱж˵ĵִ
Ľǽȥɡ
ڿԺúõϢһˣ
³ո·ûúõ˯һһһҪú˯ڵء
ɾ³׼̧Ų̤¹ɭֵʱľǰס³̵ĽŲ
զǾԶٺõĶ׼ô
λˣ
˵Ĳס³̵ľϣճϡ
ճ֪ľϵƢΪȻĮһЩ¶ԭ
ľ֮δ˽룬Ҫ¹ɭ֮е䡣
ճϽľϵľٶʲô˼
˿УŮֻŮˣ˽¹ɭִŮᱻɱʵȻ
ǵΪ¹ɭе䣬Ů֮ĶԹΪ䣬Խ¹ɭֶᷢڷ
Բۣëɣ
³æջ˽ţë
ӽɭ翪ʼûʲô¶ǳ˵һ仰Ƿˡ
λӣһ¹ɭ֮λѰһʵŵ㣬λģǻúõչ˼λŮܵκεġ
С
ųǰһκȵдҲͬ⼸֡
磡
վųκسųӣеЦᡣ
ģһʤ߼οǽ˵ȥҲܰĽæ
˵ʲôųǲ׼κһ仰ųͷ
֮ɼһ߰
ǺãһҪӦСģʲôĺͻϡ
Ū
һų磬Ϊϱ޵µĳͽģŹô
ǼɣǿŮ峤ʲôܲΣڳһһôߡ
ɣҪСģǼ¹ɭӪ
ܷվǲģŮȻ彻񣬵ӶŶŮյϢ٣˵ܷ嵣ǵһԭ
ĻκȺľճϵ¹ɭ֣һү¹ɭ氲Ӫկ
¹ɭһ磬濴һɭûʲô֮ʤյĻ档
ۣƯ
ȷʵһֱΪѩҹөǼٵģû뵽Ȼ⻭档
¹ɭ֮ҹ¹ҫɭ֮Уɫѩɭּ֣طөΪһƬɭʮء
ޣŮĲϵķš
ճϣľϸղ˵Ů巢ìܣǺŮ峤йϵô
ճϸղľ˵Ǿ仰Ǽ٣ճֻЦЦûлӦҲճڵʲô
ճģǺȺҲ˳𣬱ǰ˸һٶһЩˮٶˡ
һ仰ճͣ˽Ųз֡
ģӶţģѲλˮʹ壿
ǡ
ˮһĻѾɭ磬δ˶֪ˮ԰˵жٶŮӶţû뵽ȻǰȺӡ

1286 

1286 
ǰȺҲʮ߰ͣû뵽Ȼɭĺ֮
Ҫ֪䣬ӽ壬Щǵ壬ҲΪܺɭԭ
嶼ѹΪݽ棬İ˸Ůˮ򱩴˵ʱŮҲһϢ
ɭ磬ΪСССôܸǿԿһʮʮ٣㴫ɭÿһ䡣
վǰһȺŮò˵ԹӢ۳󱲡
ľڿŽĵ˵ʱҲǵɽϾһ仰˵úã˵ĵ˾ѡ
Ů廹ǽĵˣ˽塣
ʵҲûд˵еôˣҪĳϷҪNɪȥۼ鷳Ҳ֡
Цţ˵ŵյʵʲô˵зݵĿ˵
ͨѾ㹻ˣŮѣοһ·Ůص¹ɭ֣һݶŮҪġ
ճϣľϣ֮Ȼ˵ˣҲίΪ峤βȲ˵ܲκãҪһЩľ
ҪβҪ˽ⲡĸʲôط
õаħݣһʲôʮֵּ⣬˵ֻ֪һϮЧϢֶ֢

ľϿһճϣԥƬ̣漴̾һ
Ǳ߱˵ɡ
գľ˵˹Ů峤ΪλˣΪҪõħݵɡ
һжҪһ߲þĻ˵ľϸŮ峤ǰ߲þһ尲⣬˭֪峤̰Ů峤֮ˣ󰮲ãӶ˺⣬ϰھһ峤˶񶾵䷨
ķʮֶӣҪõʮĹеħݷſԣΪŮ峤һ뿪¹ɭǰʮĹȻ󲨣൱ڸŮ峤ز
ǿʳУɱ˶ᱦռǿǿȡʮ飬Ϊ˱֤Ůİȫ֣峤߲þʱʼһֱػ¹ɭ֮Уûûҹּ尾Ŀ
˵ľϽ˫ȭеĺжôŨˡ
峤ǸǧΪ˵õ峤ϧֱƵֶΣҡȻ峤檡
ŮǿԼ˵ģһ˾ͱҪŮ壬Ļͻᱻۣ
ΪŮ峤ȻŮˣȻҲΪ˵̡
峤Ǵӷİɣ簡
һ͸иǶļ֡
˲ܣޣ
ſˮһ۽ĺκȣ
ģȣǿȥˣֹǼһһ峤Ĳмְգ
ĺκ˻ʱ˿̵飬ǲ˶ûְգոƨ
ȥ峤飬ҲҪ˽⵽ʲôĶʲô䷨ź֡
ţ
¹ɭֵ룬һˮһĹߡƣڱ籣ţ濴ֻͻ˵ڶ֮󣬷ܿŮˡ
ò˵Ů˸ŮҪ뿪һǺջˮһ֡
Բۡ
š

һԲۣû˵ֻһκǿ˿Ůֿ˿ԼĻá
ô󣡡
㱻³̸ô
ĿһĽ֮Ļ³һģһĽʲôԼϵĶĽҲûð
˵ľܱ󡣡
ľϣľûЧõģҵһķһԡ
κһ仰˫ˢһ
ļٵģôó
ңΪں
ŮÿһǷòǰ͹̣ĶǼƷеļƷûͽĽĲҪҪġ
ŮӲںģҾǲ˵ѡ
һ˿Ů˵ػֿ˿Լػ˱˰
λѣѾͨˣ峤ڴ֮С
ճǰ뽪Ļκǰһ˴У˵ĵҡŮ峤ӣЦıжôĿˡ
ףףҺ˵Ǽ㡣
ָŽĻκȣ֮ǰѾ˵ʮĹз顣
Ů峤֮վŵŮһ˫ɫеЦΪϵл⡣
лλһ·ҵŮȫصŮ塣
峤ˣ֮֮£ҵΪӶȻȻҪƽµ͵Ů塣
ǰһɫ԰׵Ů峤ɵüͷ
峤ǲǸоʮֵĴʹ
ԶԶԣ׸ղŻ˵ʹĺܣĽȽһ¡
Ů峤ߵ˽ǰ˿˫ᷢʲô֫ϵ;ŽĺκȻҽκ׵ġ
λЦˣӱȽϻѣһ·ϱ˲鷳
˵һЩϹȥĻȻȻмǼˣǻκö䡣
峤˵ЦˣһίУһȫصŮ壬һҲΪ峤һ²飬У峤˷ģ˺֮Ҳйڡ
ᵽֵʱһĺ⡣
ףĽˮٶ˵֪ģĽȽ㿴һ²ѡ
ҲֻҽԿˡ
ɭĹҲԶ޲ߡ
峤롣
ĺκߵһԣڳ֣ɶַ
Ǻһߣ߳ŸȴŽ
Ƕ񶾣û뵽侹Ȼ˶񶾵䷨
Ѿ䷨˼򵥵ˣһֶأǴ浼ѪҺ֮еĶء
ֶʮֺ˵Ƕأȷ˵һ
ȣô
κȣƶʲô뷨
κǵ˵ͷҡҡͷȻֵ˵ͷظ˺һ֮Ż˵
Ľ㣬жɡ
ţ峤Ķܽ⣬õħȥѪеǵһڶҪ
һǻһ
ΪؼĲ裬֪ҪĲΪؼһڡ
ˣˣҪŮ峤ҩԡҩԡʮʹ࣬ܰס
Ů峤ùȥˣôȻһల£޷ҩԡʹ࣬С
˵λǲƣһжҪ峤Լˡ
ĸŮ峤ҪνԼĲ裬ΪؼҩԡκһԲ˵еף

1287 ǣ 죡

1287  ǣ 죡
ķѾ˵ˣʣµҪ峤ԼҪƻǲˡ
ְա
峤˼Ƭ֮󣬿ŽĺκȣƵķʽмɵİա
Ҫ峤־ղҲ˵ˣΪҪıҩԡĻڣ峤԰ȥһк˵
ȥʱŮ峤ļա
ס
ӽĿ˵ʱһֱź֪ĸѡ
뿴ҹҹ׶ĵʹ֮УɸƵĹʲôĽ
أеˮϵĴת
ŮҩݾԻӻ峤ҲȻȨ㣬һ˱Ҫء
峤ٴοڣܶ˵ƣ۽Σ
һţ뿪֮󣬱峤ӶŽϺãӶΣգֻҪ峤ɭһ죬峤ƵĹ޷ȥ
˭ҲǶһķ飬ϣǰ⼸뿪ŮʱϢԶԶ˵
˵Ȼ峤⣬ǵķʲô⣬ʧȥ峤ŮȺףᱻʳ
峤ģҶ˵ҽǣңҪչء
ס
ߵ峤ߣץס峤ӣгˮ֮⻹
һȬģСĿоޱǿ󡣡
ţ׻ġ
ãһû¶ġ
̧֣ظŮͷǰΪŮҪеĺӡ
һŮĳɳ
˴εܰȥ㲻簮ӣҪúõĽ̵Ϊһϸ쵼ߣΪһεŮ峤
·ȱڴķϢ
ĺκдҪõĵҩݺڴϽ硣
ʱһһҰɫӰ䡣ĳ˵ķУ˯֮ʱ׼õҩ͵͵һЩ
ҰɫӰ뿪֮ԭڴ˯˫ۣڰУ˫۾ǶѾԶߵһӰ
ȥ
ӰһŮӵ¹ɭ⡣
ֻŮҩվ¹ɭһʱ䣬ʱ¹֮£һſӱסŮˡ
ĭˣҺõȣҪõĶˣ
ҾΪҩô
ĭŮװģһġ
Ŀ֣޳ָ⹴סĭ򦣬ͷȥ
ܣбʲôҪֻ޷ҩûȥҪܵ˾Ķ򣬵ʱټҵʱֻһʬˡ
ҪҲ׼κεˡ
Ű˱ʬǵģĭæҩˡ
ŷӾŮ峤ҩΪ㣬ǲᱳ峤ġ
֪ĭˣȵ¸£¸ұɻ顣
£ת뿪ֻһӰĭ
ںڰеĽĺͻһۣʾκԭأҪ˺úõ졣
ವӰ׷ˣֻһϷһڵ׷
̵ģһҪŬ֮硣
ȵ׷ɵģʼǷ
ģﲻ׷ˣ
˫һɽзɳֱĴĳ
¹֮£ԭҹзɵĺúõôһصˤ˵ϡ
ǣ
ڿ֮ʱѾԼٱ˷ˣһ˿˿Ÿֶ
ܰԣɰɰ
Ŵ޲ð˵򶼸˳ԡ
̵ģ
˵ɣô֪ǵ١
ĺ⣬ǴʮĹ뿪֪ôᷢŮ塣
ŮȻǳ˼ϸҲȡҩô¶
һˮʱ峤֪֣֪ǵĶֱ߽ģһʲôûз˻£ʮҪ
ߣǴңҲ˵ġ
ι˵йģˣ
һ˫ֶż׼Ϸ
ε̾һһ˲䣬ȫɫħ鲼һֻץס˵ĳ
Ŀʱ䣬֪ġ
Ϊıһ˫Ǳ˺ɫħȾᱻ壬³жôıҲý˵ףеĿ־ͿԿó
ȽĿڵȫг
˾ֻ֪ĵ˵ľλãһ·ŮӸģ˾δҪκһ˺ӶŵˣֻǷԸŮ峤
ԲŻнյ鷢Ż¹ɭǸŮˡ
ԭˣŮӣʲôصô糤ʲôӡ
·Ů̫ˣֻ˵һ·ŮˣԲ²⣬ûиϢñ䳤ȵȣ
ֻǵȫΧħҲɭˡ
ֻǸҿ϶һ㣬ڱľͲ֪ˡ
ȫΧħǱȻħˡ
ɭˣѲǸˣ
˭ô
ȳķʽôر𣬲ϲģ
᲻ʮħ֮һ
пܡ
пʮħ֮һǱҪС²ˡ
߰ɣȥӣŮ峤Ĳˡ
ӣ˾ʲô˼˭Ҳ֪Ī
ˣǻģδһ£̫졣
˼ĺͻûдɱԼͷһת˵ĳˡ
˭ء
Ѿ²һпʮħйأֱ߽ģ˿еĺŮӦò򵥡
صŮ幬Ѿһʱ֮ˣĭŮҲѹ̷̨ǲġ
λЦˣû뵽Ů徹Ȼмϸ
⣬ħ˼˴ģ飬̫ûӷֲҡ
һѾȥĭ޶֮ͬ⣬ԼӦĺ
ȥϢˣΪ峤˽ⶾ
⿪ֻҪһʱͿˣֻҪ峤ܰʮʱĥްˡ


˻صԼķ䣬űһ˯˹ȥ֮ʱŮŮǶ׼ҪһС
һʱ֮󣬽ĺκȿʼ峤Ĳ顣
鷳ˡ
İɣڣһֻӬҲ
ڷԱߣ˫ֽӡ˽
Լѧϰ󷨴ĽȻȷħܹɱһаҲԵֵС
֮Уеﴳ룬ᱻģȴ⬻ҡ

1288 ϴү

1288 ϴү
УֻճϺľϣԼκȶˡ
峤ⶾͽܼ򵥣ܵǽҩԡ׶Ρ
⻰֮ǰѾ˵һˣ峤Ҳˣ˵ͷʾ⽪ĺκȿʼɡ
˵һⶾټ򵥲顣
ħݼѹɷĩ״ҩ£ˡ
һϹ󷨲峤ߣˡ
ǽҩԡĽ׶Ρ
š
峤ߵ̨֮ϣֻǽżⴥԡͰеҩˮ֮ʱоִ̹ǵʹ֮У˵ȫҩˮлôĸо
һ׵뱻廢Ů壬ҧ̤ԡͰ֮С
˵ʹӿȫһ޷ݵ˺ѷΣѾûдܹ֮
ǻʹȥǻʹѡ
ʶһȻĴΣڽĺκȵٻ£һѡ
ʱ峤ѾıԵߣκη紵ݶ档
ƫƫһҵĴ
ʮӰԼٶȳ˽ڣƿ䣬˭֪ǽȴеĻҪ
ߣƾЩèĹҵĽǻء
һһȵվǰǰؼӰߣֻҪڣ˭Ҳ̤뷿а벽
СС࣬
˲˲ĳ򣬳Ⱥ˻˭
ҡ١үģ˭ССأҪǵĳιͲл
̤߰ѷɽе罣Ѿѣǿǵصķɳ۶мܡ
ĸ֣ȥҲƥл罣Ϊ
ˣ͸һΣʲôˡ
һԾԼٶȳںӰǰ֮ʱһѩڰ֮УѪ쳣Ļ棬ȴС
һ£˵زΪʬ壬߼״׷üͷ
ԭΪˮ鲻ҪĺҲֶΣһˡ
ߣҲҪͬⲻͬ⡣
һһǰڶ֮ʱǼ˵ʬ˵ڵϡ
ûȺ뿪ܱȫܣ˭֪Ⱥȥҽʲô
ϷֻΪ֪ǼȻŮ㲻Ӳܣ
ϣ
Ϻǣ֪Ŷսأսˣùô
һ˲䣬ǿĽӿѾѧ򽣹ڵʽó
ɾһ룬һ쳣ǿڽǺ˵ʱеķɽȻں˵ǰȫ۶ϡ
Ůȱ£ͷһμ
˵ԳƱĶүĺ
һŮĿĺܼ򵥣ɱŮ峤Ϊܹ򵥵Ľû뵽·ɱһȺࡣ
ǻټ֮ˣ赲˱ĵ·Ҫֱˡ
ϴүһƱ߶߶˵ɶأҪͿ򰡣
ɣһԵĶʮǿ󣬿˵ɭĵһǿ֣ΪȻ۵۷壬ľ硣
ԽԽ˷š
еĳ޷ͻүı磬ҲΪЩ磬Ⱥ˲ſԳ¹ɭ֮Уɡ
ŮϲĲ񣬵ҪסĽļա
ιҿɺˣҲģûĻһĸٸ档
Ҫ˵ˣûܳĹȺΪǵĻ壬һһд׻˹񫡣
ۼүɫһǰ˫ֳ罣үǶš
ֻһ˷׷
ү˶ϵĻҳɫͫм͡
Ѫ֮±ĺܲٹʮΪ˰֮󣬷뱾һս
ϴү㿴һЩôҲʮߣʮ꣬ôĻҪȰʮŵһˣΪ˭һаüǧ˴һʮСҪҪ
ŽĵطۣϢҲϵķӿţǿнеѪ֮ѹȥҪˡ
ˣȻ
ǲСʴϻۣճΪ£һ档
ϴүܲƱ߶߶ģҪͿ򣬴ĥĥģôʹѸһ
һ۶үһе罣任˳еķʽ

ʮ£үĻϣҲ˼ëǱһлڵϣ档
ŮϧǸ˲ţһλᡣ
ڵ氼еĻǿ֧ӣһӿ³һڵѪ
ˣδ԰֮⣬֮Ц
ʹ죬ʹ죬Ѿþûдôˣ
ҪĺκӸʱ䣬ȻˣҲͲڱˣؼ
ϴүܱʵ֮ˣ㻹ǵһ
ЦţЦԽĴ
ʱվĻ罣˵棬մѪɫ˫ֽӡ䷨ɵһ˲䣬ķӿ
һǿԴԴϵĽڣǻڹҵһн֮
˵޵ĿԣҲ˿һ׼֮
˶ʱǿǿߴΣֻϧֻܿأҲ㹻ˡ
֨¡
ڻ׼׼֮ǿԼһطսүʱԭغϵĴŻ߳ĲǱˣŮ峤
κܵ˻ߣеԴԴϵĹע档
κȽԼŮ峤ʱ򣬻ǳ³һſ˫֣ŵ׼Ҳ֮ʧ
ң㿴
ָȫ˵ĵطһĺͽκȴ¿ˮ
ģ峤һ㱨𡣡
û¶ˣ
е㵣ģϾ峤ʱɫҰ׵ҪۿҲûˡ
˵Ҫʮʱô
԰˵Ҳ֣ԭļ㣬峤ҪʮʱſȬΪѪҺ顣
κȲ²ţ峤̤Եʱ򣬽ԼѪιʳ峤ĿУ󲻾ã峤ѹۿɼٶȻָΪǡ
㣬㵨ҴŮصأ浱ԼүԺô
ò˵ΪŮ峤Ϊ˵˵ѡ
޷ǿϱŷţÿһ˵ߣһֻֽ߬˵ֻ࣬Ҫô΢һȡǵ
㾹ȻȬˡ

1289 Ҵϱ

1289 Ҵϱ
ô峤Ҫô
һӣкһѿĵдļѪһ˲˵ϡ
ҵҲ峤ôôҺϴүôҲû峤һоϴү
ȷʵ
ɣүǸ֣Ů峤ȾֻҪ߳һΣ
һ̲ٴȥҲ֪
ʲôʵʲôͽͽʵιҵ
ײϵʱײ
ܷܷϸ
㣬ʲôʱ㻹Ц
κȶЦˣĳ棬ֻε̾һ
ү㲢Ů峤Ķ֣ΪĻҲСĽ£ڱѹͷϡ
ڽˣһڶҪͰҹһӱ
꣬һд̴ţ峤δ֣һ
ȥʺͰģǱΪ鱾峤һΪŮ۸ǰ߲þӣһͰҹһǷµծ峤Ǽӱ
һŭ磬үŲд뿪¹ɭ֡
ڰе峤ڵϵ˱ֽܵкá
Բۣ
Բְۣ
ְ
鵽ʱ٣κһʱֻһԲۺеľ㵡
Ů峤ĶˣһӵίҲˡ
ʯ֣ʲô˵ûãýĵĻ˵ŮӶŶôʯѾˣʲô˰ɡ
Ȼ٣ˣ
ȥʯ峤ʮʯΪ͸ˣŵӶŽϺõԡ
л峤
λĶ鱾峤պʲô飬Ů壬Է壬峤ҲȨ֧λ
峤⻰һоͺ˵ˡ
תҪߵʱ峤ڽס˽ġ
ţ֪ɷ֪һ顣
һֱ벻һ飬֮䣬ڤȴڤ䣬˵һֵĻ
ֱһ뽪ĵ뵽ԼеѪйء
뿪Ľͣ½Ųȴ峤⡣
峤ɶ¶ô
֪Σ֮ʣ˺ְ취ѹ
δ߽Լ̤ڤһڤԼ֪ǽѪԼ
ӽĿе֪һϸڣϸڡ
ôʵҺȵʱҲûʲôеİ취ˣҵѪҺһ
ָ֣仹бҧƵĺۼ֤Լ峤ķǺ֡
峤ıǣŮӶŽϺã˭뿴Ľ֣˵ˣҲȺ˵óѣȻẦġ
ĵȻ֪峤ʲôӦ֪Լʲôʽʵоεģֻǲеɡ
Ȼ仰峤ıǣ˰λ뿪¹ɭ֡
ǣ峤
ģκճϵ·˳ʱ·뿪˴Ҫȴ峤˻ȥ
һʱ䣬һƬѩҹөĻ棬ճ¹ɭֵľͷ
лλľ֮ҵŮضġ
˵ĲŮÿһϡ
Ҫ֪һһʧȥ峤ɭǶôΣյ飬Ҳ廢ĶŮ壬һŮʲô紵ݶȻһʱ֣ռΪУĶүǰ
ˣҲȫһ¹ɭУһжĹ
λ˵ɭڶǿһ壬λһηĦǱȻˣһЩֶԸǵġ
лճѣǺ֮ĦֲһˣıǣҪҾͰǵĳȫι
Ŀʮֵ׺ҲΪˣǣˡ
κȵ£Ѿָ߰˰ˣȴǽʵʵײ˵ϣûиʮ¸Ȭˡ
ճϣһԵټ
Ǳճϣһʱ䷢פ¹ɭΪ׵һڴүһԱߣЦжôĶˡ
磬˵ʲôѽ
κаı鿴ų磬ųһվԼٶȽеӸ³̣ˡ
ιЩûӵļһ
ò¶Ⱥүʲôǰ³ǰֱҪһƴȥ³Ѿ˰׼
˭֪İȴǳٳûȥ
˻
һֵ̧Ķǣˣһַһ߬ȭͷɼжôʹˡ
㣬ô
ϱզˣϱôˡ˵Ķˣĸ˶㡣
һˣ³̵˲ŻڻУ
û¶ǺĶүһܣû
յĻ棬ΪʱԼһеĻܶĴֻϧǼһٶ̫ݣԼʽץס˰ѱ
壿
һ֣˷׷üͷɫ
ģô¶ôŮĵϣ
Ž⼸¹ɭֵŮ嵽׷ʲô飬Ϊλˡ
Ҫ˵е㳤ˣҳ˵ѡ
İŮ峤߲þеɣԼ֣֮ٵŮͽȻ˸峤βȺ˳֡
ȵȣһ⣬Խ¹ɭֲᱻôΪʲô˽¹ɭַû¶أѲǲˣ
пܰ
Ⱥ֮ܽ¹ɭ֣ΪʼӳֹĽ磬Ե¹ɭֵ䡣
ļ˵ŻүսȻǿƲ㣬ֱ
Ҳ˵Ů֮Ҳ˳ޣ
ţŵ˼ˣҲҲ彻񡣡
ǵ֪鱨˲ٻΪӽ壬ټǿ󣬼߲þҲռҪһϯ֮أ˵ܶҲڶ
һ㣬ǺЩ˾֮ǳ׵׵ıͷԺˡ
˵ĻҲ롣
Ⱥ˶Ϊ˲ñǣҪȻһЩ˵ĳ۶ϡ
Դˣ³̸Ũҵĺ⡣
ҴϱԴ㾾档
̸ȵģ
ˣȻˣǼȥѣʱҲˣɺʱüμӶᡣ
ӶҪ죬ǰ춼䣬ȵǸӶŵĽ

1290 

1290 
ʰһ˳ŷ뿪¹ɭ֣ǰһص㣬
֮ϣĿеĵͼλ·һƬĺģģĿԿտĺȥĴ㡣
ô㣬ȴ󴬶Ҫ󡣡
κſڷźεľ޴˷ܡ
Ҳ֪òóԡ
³˷֮⣬ֻɶ˼ͬһǾһǲ
˵Ǿ㣬ǽʲôĨ㾨Сʱ򻹸һͼء
Ļ˵ЩеȻͽĨ㾨ء
ۣǿǺ࣬ôĺ࣬Ը
κ˫ֺʮԸһԵ³ȴһĳЦ
ȺСŮûɶ棬ѣźԸɶãܸզء
žһһ³̵ͷϣϤ˸еҸ
³̻عŸո˯ѵĻ۾Цһ
ϱˣ۲ˡ
öˣˣղ˵Ļʲô˼ɶСŮûɶ档
ѽϱⲻ˵˵涺ȿôٵļٵģҷһѡ
³ǣŻһԣųҲκȣ֮ľͷᶼô˷ˡ
ԣģԼںȾƵܷһְǰȥĸо
˵һ½ж
ܷɴת£ôãǹһˣǼܺӳ˫ɶԣ˰
Ȼǵʧȥ¹ǣ¹൱˳Ǻֲǰ׽еġ
ܶӶ뺣˴򽻵һǺǵĴӪƬϵڶຣ϶ںϽóߣ˵Ǻ
ˣɭĵһ½ͷʱҲȻں
һͷӣô
壬ȻܵϺͷӣһǺĽɫɡ
ûû˼½ʲôӣҲû֪½ʵΣӴ½˶ˡ
ܷˣ⺣Ѱĵ죬ۼĺҲʲô¾СආɭôãҼ߲þҲܽѹɼʵжôǿ
ʲô˼߲þɭţƵĵطô
ɭ֮Уѵ߲þҴĵشô
˺ɻԴɭ翪ʼÿһ˿ᵽ߲þʱǾηģǿ־塣
߲þɭȨļȨ֮أǸ峤ľۼ֮أҲɭַʸĵá
ʲôĴڣȻɭ߲þҪ˼ɼ֣ܽѹ
Ȼ߲þۼɭ綥ĸ֣ǣݴź½Ѿѵľ֮ϣɭָǸܵزˡ
֮ϣ
֮ĸֵʱ˱΢΢סˡ
ɭΪУΪܹմ֮磬ȴ½Ѿ񾳵ľ硣
ģʲô飬Ϊʲôôȣˣ
ֻܷ֮ԭΪ֮ϵĴߣʵȻ
Ǳĩÿһ˵Ŀ꣬Ϊ˵ص㣬һһѡ
Ȼ񾳻δ̤롭
Ҳ£˵վǴ˵߲þͺĴս½֮⻹һǿʿʿĺܣ绽겻˵ܲٿ
ܷ²˵ǰ߲þͺ֮ĴսʱֻһСС꣬ȻûۿĽսȴ˵˿˹ս֡
գΪ½ʿЭʹ߲þˣӴҲ̤㺣ķΧ
壬㶼һٶˣ
զһٶôˣǺô
ܷҲʮӣû뵽Ѿһٶˣֲʱ峤ֵܡ
ɭ磬ֻҪбӻ˥ϣˣеʺУֻѭȻϲܷһȺ˶ߣȻԽɭԼפգòʡ
ǳս֮أʲô
ܷʲôãھƬǵ߲þͺսĵط㿴ЩˮɫǲһϢ
ָܷ·ĺ򣬹Ȼ˳ָܷķȥʱԭεĺ쳣·Ҫ˵һ
˺֮ҪС£廹ǲ壬ʲô尡尡ȵֻҪ̤뺣³Ȼħ֮⡣
ȱ˶ٵ£˷е壬ǸϽĺá
һУҲ˺ĸۿڣʱѾˣĸۿæµ쳣
ܷ彻һЩʯ󣬱Žİ̤˺
ܴҲǾۼźĹϵԴöʮֵĺˬƴá
۲ƿջС˾Ÿ룬ǾˮһһӵڷϣʱŽĻκˡ
˿ŮֻһֽͣǱ˹Ҫ͵ūг
µľˣȻüǮ
ȻʱһĴߵܷǰָָĻκˡ
ֵܣ椶ˣҪǮ
󺺵Ļһ㶣漴ҲӦ⺺һūˣǱǿѺŬ
˼ŮҪ½˵̡
ٺ٣ᣡ
һ׸½̣һӾͻ˼Ҳæ˵ǸȵȵĻ
Ц½ʲôˣںҪǿ˸½˵̡
Ŵһ־񣬽תͷܷЦ
壬ɶʱ½ˣ
Ϊ˷ж£㿴һҸŮҪô潼ˣҪôŮôŮǲݳ类Ǹˡ
ܷ廰£³תЦ˳
ҪĻϾûˡ
Ȼ˵ϾǹеĹ¶ԼĹأʮҲһԸ񣬵ǷƢҲʮֲֿġ
ĺͻȫûκιϵǻҵŮСͳھӪ֮УսʿͬͬͲͬһҹˡ
أϿ޺ʵһڵ˼㻹ħ
Ǿ仰ǧҪ˵ɱΣܲҵġ
³̣ǲ˰ɡ
ڽģκ˵вܵϢҡͷʾԼʲô˼ûУеĻҲǳޣǳޡ
ܣλӱ߻㣬òɷˮأ
ǿң³̺Ǽһ

1291 ǰװƣ

1291 ǰװƣ
ҹɫ
һǰĿıǴӺõһְ¹ȡ¹ǡ
ţ¹кǿĹЧʲôЧͺͽûϵˣֻ¹ǵġ
Ϊ¹ںǺܶӶܵҲ˳·Ž
ҹɫΪ׵ľŸ˴ããԭʼɭС
ںĶϲһƬԭʼɭ֣ɭеĲڵе¹⣬лѵĹâҪڰɡ
ǿǰ档
κָŲԶĵطЩâڰзš
Ư
ȣһ£
ų粢δ˵Լȥʲôתʧǰ
յĹ֮󣬵ųһλصǰ֮ʱжһĶӡ
֮ө棬ų罫װө͵κУӦЦĳеİжôŨˡ
ġ
¡
ϱĽ͸ץȥ
Ѿϰµᣬɳ䲻ȺеʣʮصĲʸС
꣡
һĶʾʱʲô
Ϸ򣡡
ָŲԶϷǴﴫġ
Ѳɻǰ¹ô
ѰϷһᣬǰһĻʱ򣬲ŷǰ¹ģһֱ׶
׻Ѻܴ󣬱һͷˮţĻҪ׳Ҫͷ׻ıϳų
绢ôô
ǵһμ˳ϻԲۣŰ
ǿ쿴ǲһͷ
ڵ׶׵ľһͷͷ뷢԰ڲڵϣ׶һǰſڱҪһڳͷ
ˣ
ޡ
Сߡ
ڷס
硣

̬˵ٶȳȥѾˣҲֻٻϹʱ䣬׶ע⡣
𣡡
һŭԭʼɭ֣׶ųǰһڴССһ˫ɫӽţ׶Ũҡ
Ⱥˡ
Բۣôè
¿ŵ׶ôèǵһμ
ⲻèϻèҲݡ
˶ſھϣɢıжôģһͷΪǿĵ׶ôõŰȫٻô
ȴţ˽ңϡϵƤë׼һƤ¡
Ƥ£ģҪûҪƨûƨɣʲôƤ¡
ʮֶ²磬һ˲䣬Ӱֻ羾޵βͣ䵹˰С
ӣٸ֯ԵĻᣬ˵ĲˣַӰӵ׻档
ιĺõǽһɧʲôɭһŮ㶼ȲˣЬ䣡
ޣϹޣ֮ˡ
⻹ࡣ
žһ˵ϵ翴һ۵׶òˣѾ˷ŭıԵ
ߣϹNɸû꣬һߣκǰ̽Ѱߵȷϵްŷ
û¶˯ˡ
κ˵Ż˯е߻˫ۣһǰľŸˣ۵һ
ҵ谡ˣôֻϻϷˣ
үӣСޣ䣡
³̼öĤҪˡ
үӣô
¹ǰû뵽˵׶ԭ׼ߣ˭뵽˯֢˲
˯֢ʲô˯֢
³̲ĿҲû˵֢״
˵˯ֲ֢òʱʱ޿κһط˯ţñǴŴţ˯һ
ԲۣүˣҪóֵĻͳ˵׶ĵˡ
ǣҲ¹ǵôܲܰϷϷСҲ¹ǣȫҶҪźˡ
˼ҵĻ˵Ŀⶼܷ塣
ʲô
壬ΣүһǻиΣա
κȵĻѾ뷨֮ˣ˶ףκڿүӵʱ
˰ˣҲ˳·ʱҵ¹ǷָүһЩˡ
ĬκȵĻһ׼үӽԭʼɭֵڲȥѰ¹ǡ
Ҫõ׶Ȼ
ûˣ
׶ʵܲǰȺƱ߶û꣬һצӻӳǿľ˸
ιǰװƣ
Ǿ洵ֻϵëˡ

1292 Ⱥ˼

1292 Ⱥ˼
ޣϹޣʲôޣڽָ֮УӶӵĽš
Уԡ
һ׶ǰ˵Ĳǿ벻ˡ
ϻҪǲӾͲϹޡ
һŭ𣬺ڰܲһ׵粻ϵؾۼ޵Χ·һ±ȫӿֶ
޾ͺһԲٿ׵磬˿ļǵãھŲ֮Уô޵ĺ޻֮
һμ޴Եǵ׶˼
ǧƵ׵粻ϵ£Ȼǲ׵вϵĽָԻסǲ׵Уǵ׶ͬ
޴׵еĿ꣬ۿһ׵£׼ݵĻڵ׶ϡ
໡
໵һ׵еĵ׶۵ĺúòҽУһ֮һԾʧɭֵľͷ
ˣ˻ʲôᡣ
УССĵ׶Ȼǰߺģ浱ԼǸˡ
ްһԶӰ쳣
ڸϽѰ¹ǡ
¹ɢŹâҹɫʮֵۣҲΪҪҹԭʼɭѰҰ¹ԭ
ããԭʼɭֿ߼ʣһ˴ֻǰƬɭУϣ¹
Ϣһɣˣ
Ҳ֪ôһ¶ԽԽۣʲôѹڼһǧ׹˫ȡ
³һƨ˵ϺųƵĿ
ⶼ˶ãû¹
һ㣬ԴԭʼɭֿʼʱۿҹɫҪȥǵ˰ĻͺѰҵ¹Ӱˡ
˵ǸŰ׹ǲǰ¹
κָԼķվһôµİɫﲻǰ¹ô
¹յĳŲݣΧûˣ㷢ڲԶһˣҲ˿ҡ
¹òƲǣ
ǰ¹ǣֶӲʹ
³ߣ˫ȣǰ¹û뿪ԭ򲢷ǲ࣬Ϊûп־Ҳ㶺˵ֶ
ʲô˼
ĶڵİĻİ壬СĽ̽һ¹ûֱǰ
Ҳ˵˰¹ٵɣڰ¹ȱۣԲЩ塣
ɭҲֻка¹ƽ溣ĺһɷģȴʮֱϵһﻷ
ͺñɭеİ¹Ƿ˵ȡĻһƲ͵ߵġ
ԲۣΪ㲻͵
㣬Ҳ㣬ֻҪ¹ѣҪɱ˰¹
ֻô˵ڱԸôôȥɡ
˵һǰ¹ߵĻ˵ǰŵ˶ϲҩζһ˵߲ͣתתȥ
ʲô˼
κȲĿŽģҲ¹Ҫʲô
Ǳ£¹ϲԲҩѰǶвҩϢҰ¹ͨĵôġ
ߵһ仰ýˣԭ¹Բҩ
˵
ιǸԲҩͷϵĽǽǸ飬ô
ȻͨԣǾͺ˵Σ
¹˵ͷʹҡԴƬֻֻ֮¹Ǳˤڽǰ
ףΪʲô˵¹ȱˡ
Ƕӵ͵ߣȫ¹ǣͷ¹뺣

ε̾һĴӽָ֮ó˲ҩڰ¹ǰ
԰ɣЩġ
ĴĲҩ࣬ÿһвҩʮĴڡ
ҪҩҪκȡ
ȽָеĲҩ˵һҩˣǿʮҩ̶ࡣ
ÿɰ
κظŰ¹ƤëΪ¹ϰĻУ¹
ö¹еһö͵үС
үӣ㡣
⡭ôˣ᲻ʲôۣϷûǮ
жһȴǲĶ¹ǡ
ģүžͺˣûʲô۲۵ġ
Цţһö¹˽ָУʱɫʼ𽥱Ȼõ¹ǣҲӦ뿪ʱˣȻĺǷɭеȡ¹ǣǾ鷳ˡ
ˣ뿪
š
ȡ¹ǣ뿪ԭʼɭ֣˺ĸۿڳһബ뿪˺
Žʧеĵ죬ĴһǷص˴׼˯
ʧںʱվڸۿǰ˫ָ󣬰һ˫ЦۣĿ׷ԽԽԶĴֻ
ˣ뿪ˣ
˵ĲǱˣɭгֵֻ׶
׶ſ߽űߣצӣһںı顣
ɭеʱǴ˵ͺ޴ˣԷΡ
Ⱥ˼һԤУɭΪȺӶ츲صı仯
ǣ񾳶δﵽСƨô
׶̬ܵʮֲϼӵͬһǣɭظ֣ܻȥʲôǰ˵

1293 ÿڹ

1293 ÿڹ
׶ŽнԶȺŮɵý½˵ϡ
ˣѲ㻹ΪȺСƨɭֵطʲô˰ɡ
ɣ⼸ӶŵˣˮһսҲɭ硣
ˮ岻ΪԵˣĺĶ޷룬Կп޵Ĵڡ
ǻΪԼķ͵ڴôǺЦ
Уɭ磬Ǹط滷Ҫڵǧٱǰһ뻹ֵܣһͻͱһӣ
ߺߣվһȺӰˡ
׶ڽĵ˵Ծʮ΢Сģ½ϴССǧεս̫ɭʲôӵĴˡ
ƾ⼸СëͷǸƲʲô˵ġ
ȻǴΡ
½һ˫Цۣһۻ׵ĺӣһתͷſԼµĵ׶
ģ
½ôһ˵׶Ȥ
ʲô
⼸ɭ紳ʲôãϷ齨һ֧ʾţǾʹɭ磬Ϸ뿪Σ
׶һɵסˡ
ӮˣͿԻˣ
仰׶ĿϸϸĿ½ϱͷʲô⡣
ǲˣ½˵۹⡣
գ׶ˣ˵͸͸ġ
ϰߣ½ͷӶһʲôˮء
ϣͲˣǲϷĵĻϷĵúܰ
ߺߣȴ¹ǰɣⶫʱ൱ݵġ
˵¹ǣ½ӽָó¹¹ǣɵĵ˵ͷĻˮеطˡ
ŶϷǷǼأ˵ϷǺϴܲǷ鲻ǰɣ
һĨЦ⸡ߵϣЦºͣȴŸָ顣
׶̫֪ϱͷôˣ̾һЩҪùˡ
һߣѾ˴Զ˺Ľĵ˲֪ԼǺϴ½ˣ֪ΪһĵĶ֮ǻôĻ
񣬶˵ΪҪһǻصǡ
һ¹ǵıʱ̣ܶǲʱصӶܻύ¹ǾҪˡ
ǵӶҲҪʼˣҪʶʶӶᵽô
ڴɭһεʢᡣ
ǲĴμɭʢɡ
ǰ˸Сı飬ܷ졣
żӵʵֻǲμʢ˶Ǽ̤񾳵߰
ģ۵ʱܲܵ񾳣һԣԼɭһеľ
ĵһ仰ҲҪ˵ġ
ǲμʢ᲻Ϊ˵һΣȻ˻֪֮ģɭǿ߱ضǣǻ񾳣ʸμʢѾǺ¶ˡ
ͺñȻүһսƵĻ˽ûд㣬֮ȬŮ峤ֻڷ֮㣬ɼ֮䣬ԡɼ֮ʵжôǿ
Ů峤λɭ޴½ֵĴڣҲͲþȺֲǿ߲˵ʵ
尲οˣЩʵʵһİǰ֪ʲôʵĲ࣬Ǳס
ıԼΪǿǿܹԸʮħܹжÿһ˱Ҫÿһˡ
ʵһ벻ף˭峤ĵ֣Ǹ˵ĺŮʲôˣ
ƽ棬һںı飬ĵȴϸء
ǺŮӵ˭ΪʲôҪεݺġ
ֱ߻˿еĺŮרĶ
ǷȥãҲ²Ůӵʲô
ǼСһ̫࣬ûпǸһɭģ
ûܰУҲ͵͵ġ
벻Ҳȥ룬Ҳֻһһˡ
˺ˣȻ벻׾ͱȥˣȥ֮ϴһǶ÷⼸ʱʲôˡ
صӶ֮ϴһʶȻϴֻǮԲʲôѶԸĻ϶ү
ҸǣĻ϶˿أǱҪԺÿڹҪȻһǮ
ף
һ仰˵Ҫ۵Ķǹ
Ļ϶ƽ涼һЦǺǵı飬ȴһݽɫ
˶һ𣬴ſڹڵʱʶ÷⼸ʱȥʲô˵߰㣬©š
֮ٶȻصǡ
ͽյ˽ĵ˵ϢϴĻԼʮү˵ӶܻǰϵЦжôŨˡ
ԶԶı㿴һֻ䣬ߺָ֮ˣɤŵţ
ƣƣӶŵӢۿ飬ţƲ
֮󣬽ĵ
塣
塣
ʮү
úúãƽͺã
ʮүǰƽµİ˸ӣǳ׵ķ
뿪Ӷſʼʮүһֱڵģڿƽãã
ȥɶ¶Ƚ֮˵ߣȥ񣡡
ԸߺΪףĻΣʮүм䣬ǽȰˡ
ǰӶܻĴһֱ뵽˴㣬Ӷĵط
óֽĳЩ˿ӶЩ񡣡
ãϴԵȡ
ֽͱʶʼ¼ĵ
׵ǰʮĹѰŮͼӶŽƷ
ȥ
ĽŮͼʾΪݽƷ
ȥɣǶǱĩģ˭ȥһ
ǰģȥɣ
˶ƾٽΪĩȥŮͼУȻĵ䲻ģȴĩĺġ
Ѿ϶˵飬Ȼδ˵
ѽ˭һģ
ߺ۴ӽӶʼڇNɪևNɪǸػӶſģϹٺһ˫۾ĶŽгȥĻһֱĬŮͼǼٵŮͼǼٵġ
Ůͼ͵˼ģһʱ֮ŮͼԼһ³ǰ
Ӷ᳤ܻǼᶨһŮͼǳʮĹӶ׵Ӷţһö
ӶΪںֻ飬һǮֻҪǮǰǵɽ𺣶޷סǵĽŲ
ڶһӶһӶ˵ҪˣӶҪɭ㣬Ǳزٵơ
һ仰˵һӶŵֵ㣬Ǳ޷յӶҲгȥıҪ

1294 

1294 
ΪʮĹŮͼӶǴҵӶŽ˼׵ӶŵС
˵ϸǧɭΪ׵ӶŵֶֻĹ׵ҲӶŵߵȼ
ǣ׵ҲΪһȣ׼һõӶţʮĹŮͼ˵ӶŽ˼׼ӶŵУӶ˵ŬǧĽġ
㲻ǽʮĹҲбɵջۣվ֮ڽ׵Ӷ֮С
ֻΪʮĹŮͼʮգԲŻӶ˼ʱ̤׵С
ҵǰѰҰ¹¹ǣ뽻¹Ʒ
ֵڶƷ¹Ƿϣ˵ĶĶ¹ǡ
ȻԸȥȴ֪¹¹ǿǼĶǰ¹ǳںİ¹
ƷϽˣʱǮ
ʱ̣˵ĵȻǸߺˡ
С˵ǣǳԺõġ
ߺۺĻ϶ǰӶܻĽȥͽһҪϽӶܻᣬʣµĶûǿһʲСĿӸߺϵݾͿԿó
ҹɫǣӶĵ죬ǶŽյϢ
ջУʮӰݷڴڣվڸ̨ϵĸߺ۸߸ߵؾƱеĻһһ޷ڿ佱ĩİ˸ˡ
壬ȶˣ
ûУûȶ࣬ˣ
ߺӣҡҡλε˸̨һŲȿգӸ̨Ϻݺݵ׹ڵϣӶѪˡ
壡
û¶ˣû¶
վĸߺӲűѪɸĻˣҲȥߺۣקűѪ
Ӹ˵⼸Ӷŵϣɭϣ
ߺ۾Ʊ໵ĺš
ʮĹΣգʮǰӶŵʮֵȥһ֪ӵжô۵޷
ȸ˵ĸߺ۵һŵڳԷһ
ܷ֮ͼǰʮĹΪľӶŵоǡʲôţ
һʱҲʵĴҪ˵Ļߺ۸ɴʲôҲ˵ƺ˹˵ĺȾơ
Ϸ򽲽ʮĹ飬ǵΣգ
ʮүĵļӣڰ˸ŮƽĻصԼǰʮүǺ¡
ʮүģѾˣΣնѾȥˡ
ʮүĵǣǾ˵һһжû¶ǰ˸ƽĻˡ
ǰʮүҪ󣬽ĵֻҪһЩ治յʮүʮĹ顣
Ҳһס侳һʮĹա
ǵŮͼ֮뿪ʮĹ·ϱ˼գȻųǰ
ʹãûʲôΣա
˼ʹܺ˹ʣΪľǲ˷ǽ˽ҪȻֵѼһɳȥ
ƽ¾ͺãү۱ǡ
ȾƣȾƣ
ϣȾƣ飡
ƱյһһƵĺţĩİ˸ҲסȰƵģκȺ֮⣬˶ȸˡ
һȣһϡ
һ˵޷Ǿʹ֮ĽǱĩ಻һôһ
ˣ
һӶŵĴű˺ݺݵš
ոѾƵܷŹǷƿţվǰüٺˣЩеǰеǾе壬ǵػӶŵˡ
ôһ糿ػӶŵӶʲô
ܷͷ۾ոջûϸһػӶŵһףеֽŶŰײ
զˣ˭ˣ
ܷһı鿴ںծһı飬ѲɸϴȥػӶˣƷˣ
ܰϸϴһֱڿջ
զˣĻ˼ôˣǻûҪʲô
Ϲٺ˵ΪأҪԴ֮仹вţͷҪšˡ
ðϴӶţӶžô۸ˣҪǲһ˵߲þ
ǵ˼ǵ˶֣
ȻأҪȻΪǵػӶżٺֵԼԼô
һʱ䣬ӶǰػӶŵʵʵסˣȻոסֵ˽ӶĽֵΧ˸㡣
ԲۣôˣػӶŵզˣ
֪ҲػӶű˳ġ
Һ֪һЩӶŵȥػӶźһٴ򡣡
ɶӶȥػӶŴˣ¶զ֪أ
ϰһʼҲû뵽ȥܵģֻ˽ȥûҾȥ˯ˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ֻһ˯Ĺ򣬾Ȼô顣
˭ػӶҲһӶţ˭ôְҵػӶŵϴ󲢲ǣӶʱ¶ֹ̫۰
˻ʵ˭ػӶŵ˴״ʱ׳ˡ
㻹״ӽԴšϣӾͲ³̣
尡ŪȺӣ
һ˲䣬ӰԼٶȳǰκȺסҲһ±Ƶ·˿ĸĿɿڵ
⣬ôʲô˭ܺ˵˵ô
ȥػӶźüٺӶһٱĲǱˣǽģ³̣ԣųˡ
Լٶڰ˵ĶУֻһҽУһһӰǽһңǽһֱӰ
ҵ찡Ҳ̫˰ɣôǵػӶŵˣô˴ĸһ޻֮
û뵽ЩСͦô
ǵȻˣҪǲĻôˮʹٶ塣
ϴ󣬳¶㣬¶ˣ
ܷŴӾлعһɤź˳ӶȫԱʮүˡ
һżһŭĳ
ģҴӶŵˣǲˣ
һ˴򣡡
ģɣ
Ӷһѷĳ׼鷳ĵػӶŵʱһĽŶ˰С
⡭զˣ
ɶ
еɡ
˵ó¶ɱˣǾˣȥػӶžˣ
ܷһ仰£ŻعҪڲӽ⼸С˶˾ػӶžͳΪʷˡ
ȣզ¶аô
ǣǺȴˣ
κȺһ϶û˯æŸƺ
Ҫ˸ػӶŵ˽˼򵥵ؾκͰػٺȥүﱨˡ
κȼҪ˵һ½֮Իӵԭ
ȴˣ

1295 ҵĵػӶ

1295 ҵĵػӶ
򣬶ҪϵĻ˵
ϴͷȶˣǺȶ˵ĸϴӶֵܽŅ̀˻ȥûгʲô顣
ǣģų磬³̣˺ȶȴʮͷ۵ġ
ϾڻСħ⼸ֲǿѨģǵһ죬ĩʦǳȥȾƣΪƣƳǻǺ
գñĩϴֱĵԭλá
ԭΪȥ˱㲻ٷǣû뵽ɭ֮󣬱һݡ
ֻһαĲƳǣǵػӶš
Ƶ˶ڿջǰûʲô¶
־͹ڵػӶŵĳҪӶһ䣬ʵҲ²һеĲ
ƾʲôӶžͽ˼׼ӶŵУǵػӶžͲУǲһʮĹŮͼôʲô˲ġ
Ϊһ仰Ϊ˵׵׵ĵȼ˽еĻ档
Ҿͷûɢ˿˱˴һֱۣػӶš
ҺţҪȻػӶŵЩˣ
һ仰ԣ˲δػӶŷôĲ״һۣ϶Ҫجˡ
Ǿ仰κȺæǰæľŵػӶŵÿһˣǵػӶŵЩ˾ҪŶȥˡ
Ӷһ˻ûд±Ƶ״̬лعػӶŵҲ֪Ӷ⼸˵ڳʲôϷ롣
Ǹһٸһ£
ιۣˣǷǸˣ
ػӶűûƢϹٺǰһ뻹ҪӶΣȴǹһŽķŹǡ
Ҫ֪³˿ɶ˴ǧһ仰ҪȺûȾƣǵػӶԶˡ
һ紵࣬ٵĴɢ˼˵֮⡣
ž۵Դǰҡض
ۣ
Ľһͷۡ
֮󣬻ܶŹһЩҵĶǣѪҺϵسԡ
˻
ҲΪǶӶӶõĿɶҾƣڼѾ֮ͷڵϡ
ģôˣôˣͷۣ
Ƕڵϣͷ۵ĶҪըѿһ
Ҳǣͷ۵ҪԣôѪ
³̿Լ˫մѪԼϺϣÿһ˵϶մȾѪһŤᵹڵϵˣ˲ʶмǸͷǿļǵá
Ϲٺ
ΧôˣѲϹٺǲˣ
Ϲٺôĵӣһٶ㣬Ⱥ߹Ӷ¶Ϊô
ǡ
³̰ڶŹؽڣеĻһ¾ˡ
ģ³̣ų磬˶˵ǳȥϹٺһһߡ
һΣػӶŵ˸±ƣǡôְˡ
ֵĵػӶֻڵϣĶûˡ
ɣɣ˸ģ
⡭ǶƬô
ţƬˣ
ĻϿһǰ״ε̾һ
ϴ׼ǮѣһʲСĿ
ΪΪɶ
ߺ۲ĿĻϣĻҪ˵˼
̸ȵģǰ˸С˵鷳
κȵ˵ģԣų磬³̣һ˵ػӶ顣
ȥֶϽһˣ˵ҲӰ쵽˹
յػӶǵÿһ˲Ҫ⳥һʯҽҩѰѺ;ʧѣ˵˲Ҫ⳥ַãҪȫտ
ͷȾҪϽҽݣии֡
һĻˣߺ۵׵ˮۿصĴרһŽܼ⡣
ǮǱҪġ
ȻΪػӶŵһɧѾˡ
ڵ֪ػӶűӶŵŮ֮ʱػӶŵųæ˻ڿԼӶűһǻҲҲǡ
ǸɶֵܰǼʮϽˣ⼸ӾǺȶ˾ƣƺ£㾡ܿڣҪǮ۾գġ
ӶŵĴУϴЦͲ赹ˮźˡ
ǰǵػӶŵų˳ʮ׺һ˫üһĿڽĵ˵ϡ
ӶļΪĺ£̫ڿ಻Ҫ鷳
ػӶųĻǶԽĵ˵ģĿıڸ뼸ˣǣɭȥ嶯Ľɡ
ǣػϵ˵ǣ⼸һúõĽģЩǮǸֵһЩƷõġ
Ƴһʯʱ򣬸ߺ۵ľǱǧѵݺݵһһһ١
ѾˣľǽĸӰ콵߲ͣþԼСһҲǲõġ
ϾûܻŴ߲þ
ػϵܣϸҲ֪⼸ӳ嶯ˣҲ֪Լ飬öǮǶǮ˵Уͱ𾪶Щˡ
Щˣָı߲þˡ
ػӶŵųĿʼڽһ˵ϣۿһۣ˸ôػӶŵЩӶʹġ
ػӶųδ˵ߺһ
ϵܣҲ֪ɭһֱǱѹĴڣѵóּӣܲǸ磬ĵλҲ֮ġ
ߺ֮鶯֮ϣܴ򶯵ػӶų»СС»ˣȻ֮˭á
ʱһֱվĻ˽һĿ˵ػӶųǰ
ػϴ뿪һӶţЩǸӶŵһЩϣ
ĻϽػӶų뿪ǵ֪ѡʱ뿪Ϊ˽һӶţػӶźīӶź϶Ϊһ
ػϴīӶŴڵĴ඼ǰҹӶӶȻֽý䷨Ϊݽխ
˵ţĻֽһݷƵľ˵ػϴǰ֪һݾѹŰҹһ䷨
һ䷨ҵĹֵģѹưҹ˼άǳΪУٿأֹһݴ񣬵ػϴϲ˳һ䣬ҲǰػϴһЩҪ顣
ԭͰŵЦϣһ˫Ӹ˿Ļʵ뷨
һԵĽĿ˿ҡҡͷʾ˵ʲô
ֱػϴƺǺǴ˵ػӶż˵顣
Ǻǣʲô鶼Ļ
ػϴȻĽװʯӺͷƵĹž˽ָУһٶҲ׷˳˵ػӶżңҴ˵ػӶӶ顣

1296 Ǳأȳˣ

1296 Ǳأȳˣ
ǣЩ鲻˵˵㡣
סֻΪЩ鲻㲻׷ˣ⼸СһɭúõȥЩظصĻҪء
ǣػϵ˵Ķԣ߰߰Ͱпճ氡һػϸ硣
ߺڵǸһһҲֻΪ˽İˡ
ػӶŵĽ߲þа취̳ҲƤ
ǣǼС˸ӣҪˣ
ٺ٣壬֪ˣ
ѾȫѾƵĽĺٺٵЦţκôһ˵ҲǺȴ֮ʲô顣
ڼҲǲţǺȾ֮ô˺Ʒզ¶
ѵ˵Ϊǵľˮ̫ҵĹϵ
ԴӱĩƴƳ֮󣬱ˣΪİȫҲΪ˲鷳
ػӶһ¶һԭΪҾƵĹϵΪԭ
Ӷ⣬Ѿ뿪ĵػӶϴͣ˽Ųһ۳ǰĺŮӣ˫ۣԾһ˿䱸֮⡣
վǵС㣬Ȼһ¼ǳǡ
Ůڰ֮Уղ˶࿴ۣϸһŷ֣ⲻڤ뽪йһ֮ԵĺħŮô
ħ޹ء
һۺ棬ػӶŵųǰ˺棬ǿ˲ײһһж
ߣ֪ô
Ŀһ۵ػӶųתʧڿС
ʱԭʧڽֵֵͷĵػӶųȴһͣ½Ųϵڵϡ
ڡ
ţĲ
ڽֽǵߵ˵ͷۻ׵ĺӣЦе˫ۿӶŵķ
ػǼô
ˣ½ˣӺһ·㶼߶߶ͣǰ˸Сƨôֵô߶ô
֪Ǻγֵĵ׶ſ½ߵߣĵ˵ʱлǲ
Ҳ֪½˳ʲô磬ػӶűСӸˣҪõػСȥ뽪ǷҪС¡
ůûô͵İɣ
ϵڵϵĵػЦЦߡ
ڵĻҲҶԣǼȷǷƷȻɭ紳һãֻ
ǵħŮô
߷ҲˣǺħŮϵħһħ岻ͬΪΪǿӦʮ˲ڤȵȵԨ
õģϷȻ֪ħŮݣܸоħŮĿ̫ڶǳΪݡ
ʱֻҪһ۱ܿһ˵еʲôǣǷҪɵǷȵȡ
ǺħŮΪǿȴһĿڸǡ
ˣȥɣ׼Ӷźϲ
ǣڣʲô飬ܷԸǡ
ػӶŵıǺ֪׷ʲôļ鷳ˡ
ſ½ߵĵ׶εĿһߵߣص̾һ
ҾͲˣǼӵˡ
ĥĥɶϷûǿ
׶һ·½ԣ᲻á
½ôһ˵׶Լȫ¿ηΡ
Ҫǵ㣬Ǳ߲þ˷֣Ȱô
զϷ򻹻Ǽɣ˵ˣϷҲûˣҲ֪ϼһǻ
˵ԴǴδս֮ҲаʱûмˣҲ֪Ǹ϶ô
ͷİɣλ˵۱ࡣ
ɶ˼˵ȱˡ
û˵Լ˵Լģҿû˵ȱۣô룬ΪħҲô˵Ӱ಻á
ιǲƤˣȻ˵Ϸȱۡ
û˭ˣû˵ʲôˣ˵ȱô
ϴǿʵս߲þߣʱ˿ȴںһ׶ҳòɿֻΪȱ֡
һߣӶУģ³̣ų磬ԣκȺ˸СϣԹԵãȴѵ
㣬㣬ǡУۣҵĻһ
ߺ۲ּ˵Ϊ֮һÿһӵʯ඼۵һһġ
϶˵ۣ
ߺָָĻϣʾ˵
һȺСӵ͸ġ
ðɡ
һԷĻϻе鼮˷ϵȣҡš
һľٶûʲô˼ȴýһа˿ĵëëġ
Ҫɶ
ȣΪӶŵ˷ʮĹͺ񣬸Ӷ˲ʯҺο
ٺ٣ӦõģӶŵһԱǵȻġ
ڨЦţ֪ſˮ
ֱĻ϶弴˵ڵĻһô˸˵һƤԡǺüƤ

Ȼһ˾֪۱һӵĻˮҪˡ
ǽֵΪӶŽʮʯΪһƴܶŹϸϸһ£
Ҳ֪ĻϴСֻ̣ž쳹ڴУ쳹˶ߣÿһײһȵ˵ļϣԽı
⳥ƹݵķǧʯ
Ŷǧʯ˵˵
ǧʯҲûɶô
˵ꡣ
ƹ⳥ǧʯػӶ޷ǧʯػӶһʮˣһһʮˣ˴ڻ֮УӪѣҽҩѣʧѣѣٷѣ߰˰
ĻϽеƵǰ˸˿ϵ֣һһš
һĸǧ߰پʯãࡣ
ǧ߰پʯȷô
ԲۣʮǪʯôȥ
̵һλĻڵסˣ˿֮Ǽ۸ԭʮ
Ļ϶壬ôǮʮ࣬Сʮ򰡣
һᵽǮһ۵ĸߺ۲һվ
ΪأǰػӶŵˣǵĹԱЩҪǮôΪܽ˰
ԽԽԽԽ룬ߺĶˡ
ģȺ˶ӵ⡣
ѽǸɶĻǷģһŬĽ񣬰Ѷʮʯջġ
ĵԼһŬȻ󳥻Ƿµծ
Ŷô˵ٻʱȥһŮء
أһĨЦ⸡ڴǣĻе˫Ϳ͸˽İ˸һ
ɶʱ飬ŶŶĻ岻˵Ƕˣ߲·ˣСľȥŮ壬巴Ӧ죬ҵȥ·ء
Ľţɴʱ˿̶һľɥ顣
ްйܵģֻȴ˲Сİ˵˳ȥǱأȳˣ

1297 

1297 
Ŷô
ĻеԾУһĨЦݺʹϵĻȣĽĵС
Ů֮鰮˿¶һ顣
ǸɶĻģһŬģ
ʮʯȻСţһʱԻ᳥ϵġ
Ļ壬Ǳ֤
ĻȻû˵ҲԽ
ѲȥŮ˽鱻֪
ܰǶ˿ڹˣ˭ҲŮ˵ȥġ
ĵ˲֪ܷΪȶˣĻ׾ٵ׳еĻ
һǰʱ棬ŮΪ˱ӶŽϺãѾһ֪ĻϼŮΪ
ңҪлκȺͻŮ壬Ů峤
ɣô˵ǼҲӶŵӶȻ˴ҲǸӶ˹͡
Ļôһ˵˿³һ
˰
Ļ˵Ļȴᵽɤۡ
֣Ǽ˵ԭ򺦵Ӷʧ˶ʮľʯʹ㼸˽˽õı۳ˡ
Ļ϶ǡ
ȽĿڽûǮǰװæʱĻϵĻ׵׵Ķ˵ĺ·
֪ȥŮ峤õ˶ҲǹһջǮϢһ
Ļ϶壬û˵թĺϺһ
Ѿ֪ʲôݴʱ˿̵飬ϺǵһһڿС
ڰڰ

Ǳ˺Σ˻ҪԹԽǮϾΪǵԭ򣬵ػӶŲŻΪӣźķ˶ʮľʯǴһС
жǮ
ˣ·ˡ
أ
Ǯ٣϶ûлѡ
ǣɭ֮ȷȷʵʵõ˲پʯټϸ峤βҲв٣ǰ˸ϵľʯܴҲպöʮ
ǸĻ϶壬еǮˣܲܰͷĨȥ
ˣǳ׵׵ˣһʯҶûˡ
Ļ϶忴һ۶ԼǰľʯѶһӣǶʮľʯ˽ָУýĺжôˡ
ιզôأ˵ôã
һȥǮֻˣߺ˳ļǸӱ
ɻһ仰ԼģǮѾ΢Ľˡ
ʵòһν˸ˣС飬ȴ¶
뿪Ӷģ³̣ų磬ԣκȺ˸˶˵ϣ̧ͷա
ûǮˣզ찡Ժֻܺˡ
զ죬취ǮܲܰһЩ鱦ɶһûǮҲǱĩķ񰡣
ĵ׻Ǹоεģʮʯǵɶʱ򡣡

զ죬ȾƵ¶
Ҫһٵػñݵ˰ɣǮѾˣ
³̻£㿴ӶŴɳһӣƫƵ³̵
̵ٸ鷳ŲӰ򡣡
ߺһŭ˳Ĭ

ԼԹ˭أǮ

ڲԶӺ棬ܷ峯ż˻˻֡
һܷ飬Ҳ³˭ǡ
壬尡
һ仰ܷıΣһİڶŴ֡
Ϻȴ˱Ļ϶׻ˣԹңҲ֪Ļ϶ӣһ֪ʲôʺǻ֮ǰŮѾˡ
ܷˣĻ֮׼¶֮ǰŮľϹͨһټϺȶˣŰе鶼гˡ
Ҳ壬ǮҲˣЩһ˽Ǯš
˵ţܷӻóžʯ
ֻʯʡԼûǿԹһµġ
һžʯһѰڼͥȵĶȹһµʱ䣬ֻҪ˸ʡԼãһԻÿеʱн
ӶÿµлᷢһЩн˵ˣʮүô谮ӣǶӶˡ
壬Լɡ
İöʯܷ壬ϵ·˰ŷʯȻҲǺòȥ
ҪıǮɭ磬ûǮ粽С
壬ǵĺ
ǲȥдȭǮѣǲ̫ˣ˵
壬ɶأе鱦ȥ
εĿһ壬ȥ¶ĿĽ˶ѣ뷨жôа񰡡
Ŷˣ廹ΪҪȥΥأоǳԷһֵߵ뿴˷ĸ־Ǻˡ
ǵĺʲôطҲͬʱͼ˵ǵĺǿɲһĺУҲ̾ɲӶŵôơ
ҪҪȥ
û¶ǻСĵġ
ҹɫǡ
ĩİ˸˼粢żڽֵϣ·ӶųԷĿջ֮ʱſվŵС񾯾Ķˣջ
ƹҲͿˣ³һ˵ʱͨһ˵ϣһسŰ˹ݡ
ڰкðɣȥһѣСװ¼λڰ
˱ջƹһٶŪεҪֲʲôɽկˣô
ƹĿǰİ˸ŮȻɽկɣȴǸΪ׶
ɽկʲôֻҪȥΧ˱ɣǣӶۼ֮أĸ˲¶
ƹ¾⼸ӶŵˣҲǲҲǣΪԼҵ氲ȫ˵ݷˣ˸˵趼û⡣
ϣֵǮŲҪ顣
ֻ֪Ǻ֮һЩ΢ֵ飬Щν΢֣ƹԼܵбҵĵػӶ˵ԳƵʷʫˡ
ŽнԶİ˸ˣƹСĲվŵһȫ亹
˷ƣˡ
ָǰңڰ˼˷ƺеʱȴſڵ
ɶý
³üͷ˫ֽءǰԳţһӾͽ·һԲϾҪֿɡ
Ⱦô
һ仰˵ļһ㶡
ʲôơ
ǿ˼һۡ
ô
Ƹɶ
ĸǲ⣬׹Ϊôʡ

ѵ˵¶ѾôеʱŵŻʼ˺ûȾƴûơ
Ǻ¶Ż´ǧĵͰ˰ɡ
ȷϰ˸˵ξδմûдκξƷ֮ŵŷС

1298 е

1298 е
Ӷŵİ˸ֵػӶŵѾǴˡ
˱ſ֣ػӶžôӶŴսû뵽ػϴȻǮ¶ˡ
ڴϷһģúõһϷôĻˡ
ԴϵǼ鿪ʼÿÿľƹݿջѾԽȰ˺У޷ҲԲϾơ
кľٶѯʰ˸ûк;ƣûƵȵȡ
ǽУС˺ڿĵ֮ҲǽˮԶԶĶߣ¸Ϲʳ
зΪ㣬һһܴó׼УȻ˵ڼһܽеݾԲ򵥡
ңеʱÿҪʯ볡ѣɼɶǮǮһɶͨڣ׼˽˻֮ٽ볡Ѳ㡣
á
ôͨټ
ʯ֮ǻţ￴ɾûҵʵңȵ˼ҩ
ϲô
վκߵų۶֮⣬ԶҲǰ˿ҩ۵ļ۸һҡͷ
Ҫǰǣ˵һҩˣевҩǿԵģǮô
治Ǵǰ˵һҩʮʯѣһѲҩǶ𣬿ڱ˵ʮʯˣ볡Ѷ˵ġ
Ǳĩʲôʱôǹ
ȴ˺˰
ǣģ³̣Ժû뵽Ϊʮʯòǣų羹ȻӽָǱϷһóʮʯҩ̯ҽҩ͵κС
ų磬ôǮ
ʮľʯѾǰ˸˵ȫƲȻȥЩûбı鱦ȵȣɻ˵ˣųôǮ
˵Ŀ⣬ųǲĿһ۽ĵˣ֮ежôĳˡ
ǣѾɶ˼ôǮأ
ǲ⣬еǮѾĻ϶ˣǮ
żҿʮΪļ壬ûõһִŵĻǮһ˵ı
֮⣬ų˽һ˲֪Ǯ֪޵Ǯţһʲôתʱܿպˡ
㻹ж٣԰ȻǮղզ볡أ
ЩǮǸҩݵģǳԺζĵķݶ
һΣųˣǮָκȻʲôҩݻʲôֻҪϲ򣬵ǳ֮⣬һǮûš
ˣ⹷;Ը񣬵뿪֮һپ͵ˡ
̫ųʲôɫˣΪȣĸԸ
ʮֵı㣡
³ָԼı֮⣬ųں
˵˵ֹ֣ǰ¶ġ
һ˼ҩݻǿ֮⣬ĶƷ
˵һе̾ɫ˶һӦȫ
壬壬壬ħ壬壬аҹһ塣
ҹһ年ݺŮ峤ǿǼǵ
㿴Щ˺Ͱҹ˹ģһͲʲôö
׻˵úãȺ֣˵ľ˿Ļ档
еڶ¥ʱ򣬵Ҫ¥¿ö࣬Ҳôӵˡ
Ͼж¥ҪЩ̾˸߳ܶࡣ
ѲһȦ֮󣬼˾ȥ¥
һ¥Ͷ¥Ŀģʽе¥ǰպϵĿռ䡣
¥ʱҪؼ飬ȷûΣƷ֮󣬷˽롣
ⲻϺȾƴֵػӶŵǼСôˣ
һȥӶſļСô鷳ˣȥСӢϲ衣
Դİ˲¥ʱʦͿ˵Ŀ׷ڰ˸˵ϣһг˺Ȥȵȵ顣
ôоǺһ
³˸еλ˸һϣ˵Ŀⶢʮֲˬ
λС缸λǼүλȵò衣
ָָԶĵطڿ̨·һɫӶ˺ƵЦţòҲ׷׻ӦЦ⡣
׻˵ֲЦˡ
ǻһ䣬лˡ
Ķ豭Եǳһһ˲䣬ǱĲصڿڳ֮䡣
㲻ôϲ˶˲֮ϲųκȵˡ
Ʒ
֮ʣ̫ﶼǶҪ˵ڵʱﶼӹףֻþƷںеĴ
һƷʮĹĽȡ
֪ǲŮʦǵߣ֮ĺУٵɭĺУʦŮӣʮǻѪӿ
ŮʦȻ޾ףΪĿʮĹĽȡ
ǴʮĹģôûʲôȣ
ǵʺУλӦö֪ʮĹѾ̮ҲһĹƷʮʯ׼ۣϹؽмۣ
ԲۣʮʯĵͼۣҲֲ̫ˣ
۸ȻֲȴﲻĽż롣
һ˲䣬ʮʯļ۸ǵʯļ۸
ôһССʯļ۸ɭĸ̫ˣ
ǰ˸ǽſ۳˶ʮľʯ⳥Ļ϶壬⻹Ů峤Ϊ͸ĵģûһĻҪӶ
һӾʯļ۸̵ģ˺˱ȣ˰
ȱеʯļ۸Ȼǵơ
ǼңҺȥһ¡
֮ǰرһҪĸˣκȺͻҪų³
֪ˣȥɡ
ʾ⽪ĺԼȥʣµȻտá
뿪λʦȻص̨϶ǰ
λ
Ůʦͣ˽ŲĿŽмֲ⡣
λ¶ô
ŮʦȻϵýĺʣǳӵ飬˭ܲʶ˸Сһ
ҿһºеĹأҲóý԰ɡ
ǿԣλӦ֪ǺԼĹأһļֵҲҪмȡһЩá
ȻԽΪںȥĻҪм׬ȡһĲۡ
Ƕôһ㶼ǻ۸㡣
ǿԼôλģøǮһݲ١
λԵȣҪȥϰſԡ

1299 һҹ

1299  һҹ
ŮʦҲò׼ע⣬Ҫʹҵ
ǣŮʦˡ
˵ԣһҪӻļ۸гȡ󣬲֪λǷܽܡ
㡭
úڣ
Ҳûѡˡ
ɽ
ãλȻˬشӦˣһƷλ
¥Ŀǵ˺һҲŮʦ֣ǽĺ̨
زǶ˽ܣλҲ֪˭ˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĵĿ⵭ɨÿһˣ˵ĿҲŽĺСһΪվ̨ϡ
ǰ˸¶Ĳ˶鷳һǲԣٴҵȶλⲻˡ
ĺһ˫ָǰȭʩ񣬱ŶԴ¶Ǹ⡣
һٶЦһСһĶ¶ǺСһﵽʲôӡ
ҲΪˣǽеļҵ˽ȥ˸ϴƺ󣬲ԼĴ̵֪˴һԸ
£˱㿴ǰһӣһöɫķڳ̨ϡ
Ƿڳֵһ˲䣬ҫڵ¥ÿһ䣬ҫ˼˫ۡ
ֻõıҲλǼе֮һЩ鱦֮Ѿ޷ˣԽմһЩҵڱһ
ǽĴ֮ڲرΪеıҲûóɹɹ˻Ǯ
ԻһعȻʺУλϸϸڵ쾫ÿһӶǼΪϽ顣
˵ɣͼ۶١
ڳǰһ˲䣬ǵĿֱ
ڵļֵ̫ˣȻʲôϹɭת֮һһ֡
λ׻˵úãﱦȻǱǵͷ֮ã۸ǻλһļ۸Ϊá
ĲɵӣȻԼˣǽ۸񽻸λϵĿˣԼ
ҳʮʯ
Ǻǣ˰ɣڿͷˣʮʯ򼦹ӻ࣬ҳʮʯ
ʮʯ
ʮʯ
۸ڲϵʮʯһʮʯ
̨»ڲϵļӼ̨ۣϽĺ࿴˶Էһۣ˽ΪɭĸǸе𾪡
Ȼڼ۸񲻷ƣйҲʮʯ֮䲻ܶȴһʮļ۸̵ģ񫣡
գʯļ۸ɽһֽǮһֽȥеĳ֮ʣµǮǽİ˸˵ġ
СһҲҴˣȻһǴ˲ٱɣǼʶʶ
ٺ٣λ˵Цˣλɭ绽ƵЩѾˡ
һ仰˵˸ǿĲѣ֪Լ໨ǮˣǸˡ
¥Ŀ֮Իһǧ·ڣһǶԷĲϲ֮飬һҲǸӶӡ
ϾڵӶѾ˼׵ȶУ˵ˣɭҲǿĴڣΪˣպⲻҪӶŽӴ
һΣһӣһֱˮСӳǰ
ʲôһˮİڼô
ڼǼҶ¶ʲôϹŹİڼʲôɺļֱҪҪģСһǲûʲôö˳һӺŪǡ
λȱżͷλ罫ˡ
ƻͨ޷ˮСӷֹЧеĵƶϨ֮󣬽ĶĳȺ˻ᷢ
еĵƻ׷ױϨ֮󣬽Ķ˲豭豭еˮˮСӵϡ
ˮˮ»һ˲䣬¥Ųʰ쵣һɾͼǰ
ˣ˼ɾУʮ޾׵ŮУ˿۾ֱˡ
ˮСȻ㲻ʲô䱦ȴҲʮĿĴڣڵˮˮȵȲͬҺ֮󣬻չֳͬĻ档
ЩԾڴˣҲ䷢˶ѷڽָеСӣܡ
ĸλɭָ̼һǼ˴ˣɴʱ˿̣һĿɿڴɾУͺЩûһһġ
Ƶƣ
ʾµȼƻ𣬵ƻ¥֮ʱһõĻɢ
ϹأӵļǮλᡣ
ˮСӺǺãϾʲô棬ԣһ֮󣬺ͷһļ֡
СһɶöɴһóѣʡĹġ
ûˣʲôöĻһһʱ֪ͨλ
ЦЦ뿪̨
һһˮСӣ׬СľʯǽĲ뵽ġ
һ˲䣬˴ƶ˸Уоˬ
õǮǷµ볡ѣ˸ﳤȥ¥һȺȴδ
˸뿪ҹ֮վҹ¥ǰŹӣһЦ⣬Ůʦվǰмֲӡ
ңôĺô
ȻйĹأһ㶼Ǵмȡ󣬿ɶȴֻҪ⡭˹ذ
ɶõģϷģϷϲô۾ôۡ
˵ԾǺϴ½׶ſ½ߣѾ˵ˡ
Դͷ˸֮󣬺һһ
ʮϷ㻹ⲻ
½عͷһƷʮүʮү΢΢̧ͷһĲ
ǿ⣬ô˸ӵģ
˵һԵ֣һɥı飬Ϸ겻뿪һأһǼѣôһı顣
½ۻ׵ĺӣʮүĶ棬Ʊһ
ǵľզôѺȣɶζ
½֪߲þ֪뿪˺ʲôĺô
ʮүһĵ֮⡣
ǰһսȻ߲þսܣҲʧأҲԴһս߲֮þͺǽ
Ⱥ֪½뿪˺ǣ롣
ɶģϷȺԱ˳ŵ군ô
½ںʲô߲þͲþǸǹߵãΪǸ峤˲ˣޣһȺ١⡣
˵Щɨ˵Ļ˸զʸΣ
Щʲô
ʮүüͷһı鿴½ͷҪʲô
Ȼش⣬ڸҵĿġ
ʮү½뷨һʱҲ㲻Ҫʲô
˸֮УĵΪΪ۷壬ļҲļֻҪʱ˺̤ͣ߾ֻ顣
Ϸ˵ôЩӾԲǷƷ
½һ仰£ʮүһοڡ
мҲò㣬ĺ

1300 İ

1300 İ
ʮү˵ĺ֮ʱ½΢΢һ£ҲôƬ̶ѡ
զˣϷѾ̤֮ʲôû
½⽪ĸĸǲڱ˿ɭ֮еҲôλǳΪ˴ߡ
㻹ǲҵ˼
ʮүҡҡͷҪ˵ʲôջǽҪ˵ڵĻ˻ȥ
ϼһ￴Ѿˣ˵ʲôҲǰ״
ѽĥĥˣӦˣʱúõ˸СӣοЩСӺܵġ
½˵鼴ر޷ֹ
Ѿ½ʮү豭ǳһ΢΢̾һ
컯Ū˰ѡ
գӶš
˵ȥк׬һʣҪҪ㻨㿴ڶҪɾ
ܷһҵı飬ǣ˾ѧϰƷʣһëΣ
ιιСô簡졣
ߺʮкŽİʲôˮӰӦоУǼ˰ԵСʯ
壬תˣǿˣ
ϣǸ廹ǰĸ壬һֱǵĸ塣
ߺǶ˲赹ˮǵݸ㣬ǽһڣ޲ðѽһаҿӹ
壬ɶ˵ɣôġĵ׷ë
ëɶֲܳǡ
ߺЦĸĵëġ
ɣ廹е¶ҪǿǰΪ˸һ˴µĻⲻ嶯ӶֵܵǮ
֪ѽǲǳô
ĺĻشŸߺ⡣
ʱĻ϶Ѿ飬ΪɶҪ
ǳˣЩطҪһӣñȶֵǸջϴүŵಡˣǲҪһЩοʵƷȥһֵү
ߺһоŽĵ֮¼ǽˣػӶҲ׷ȥˣֵӶᣬܵӰǺصġ
ԣҪǮأ
ĸɴ൥ֱ뻰⣬ֱ׵Ÿ嵽ҪǮء
಻࣬Ҳһʯ¶ⲻں׬˲ǮôҲһġ
ߺۿ˵һֵʱһԿĻ϶סˡ
ǲҪϰˡ
ĶСҪһǶӶŵ档
尡Ǽںȴ׬˲ǮأЩǮԼ׬ģӶŹܣĻ˵Բԡ
ţǵ죬Ӷ޹أϲôô
ĻϵͷӦΪͬʱǲܸߺۼǮۿĳë
ģǱȶŶ飬ȿȡ
ͨһߺ۵ڵϣݺݵˤӲʯϣ˵һž˸첲ۡ
ʵʵҵ˲ҪһǮΣڵӶ࣬ԲϷ˯þѵô
ߺŲң޲ÿȳѪҵģмֵ˾֢ӡ
壬ģΪӶŵһԱǾԲӲܵģȺҶҽǾԲ徵ġ
ǣ岻˼ǸǮˡ
ߺﰵﶼʾˣҪĶҪʯƫƫ˺͸ߺװͿ
˺ˣȳԷ극ȥӶĵ죬ֵúأ
ʮүһһӵζһһڷϣһԣ˱㲻ҵĸߺۡ
֮󣬰˽뿪ӶţȥӶ֡
߰һУһʮҲǿԵģҪһһǧҲа
ϴұ㣡
ܷ۶Ǳӵı飬ߺ۴ӵһ
ѾĸղŲҲҪǮô
飬ɲᲢۣҿɱϴ˹ĶˣղŵΪֱǴ³թƭӶģȥ˵Ӷŵϴ󣬶˰
ǲǼղˣĻϣס塣
ߺĻϰ壬Ҫ֪ʲôйʲôͳ
ĻҡϿе鱾ûߺۡ
Ҫ췴
ˣˣӶ£׼һ°ɡ
ΪӶۼĳУԼĴͳ
ӶٰʱֻҪǵӶŶҪμӶᣬǵվٰĸ¡
ڱϣʲôӶֻܿǻȡʤöκΪϵΥ棬ܵ˵Ҳ۵Ӷŵ
յӶ䣬ŵƽʣջ϶ϲЦݡ
ΨΪ֮Ľĵˡ
ɶ˼ǸǮ
λӢˣСѾˡ
Сͷ󺹣Žİˣ޲ø˹ˡ
ﲻǻҪһôǰ˸˴հɴհá
³̧űҪȥ˭֪Сͨһ˵ϣеˮһӾ
λүкðɣҪǽȥˣ⹤ûˣСλүҰѡ
̸ȵģʲô˼
³̿Ȼֵģδ̤ջ
ֻԽԽ
ӳŵڣѾ߼ҿջܾǽ롣ɶõ
˵ˣֲǾ¶ôǵĿջյ˺
ɣջʲôǶûҲôһƵľƹݻ棬ɶ˼ذ
գֻžŽС˺Աߣںӱ߶¹ӦɫĺˮһߺȾһ²ۡ
Ӷ£˵Ҳμô
岻˵ôÿһ˶Ҫμӡ
ɶ£ʲôʲôƷ
˭֪
һھһھƵĺţһڲһڲ˵ĳţżһ紵ȥĵ׵ķǡ
գӶֳ
أİ˾ͱߺӶٰأһԲε˼֮⣬Χǹϯ
˹ϯϵʮ⣬ŵӶȻ˵ػӶ֮⡣
ػӶԭμӶᣬϷ˽֪ػӶżٺ˾ͱӶŰ˸СӸ
ǻǽһҾ徰
ǿôվڸϴߵľӶŵǼӡ
˵⼸ӶĺأҪȻô
Ϲʲôħĺ
ģ
һŮ˵棬Ů˵б۵ģ˵ʲô⼸壬ɭء
ļٵġ
һƭǲɣһͦŮ˵˸ôһԭϹѪء
ҵ죬ϹѪߣⲻʧ˼ǧô⻰Ĳ˵ҪԴġ
ϯϳһƬϰ˸վڸϴ󿴿ֿ
壬һʲô
ӦˣУǲܶκΪ

1301 Ѫô

1301 Ѫô
Ӷٰʱ䣬ǰ춼䣬ȵ˵Ǳ֮ա
ʲôأ޷ǾǱ˶ֻκιΪϵΪǲ׼ġ
һ֣ܵͷ۵Ӷš
ңѾǼǧĴͳûһ˴أϾһ׳ܵġ
Ӷıÿһ˶Ҫμ˶
ϴЩ˲μˤӺͳܡ
ǲμɶ
Ѿʼ˻ûþμʲô
˵һʤ˿ԵõɽεĻᡣ
˽ߴӵһתƵһ֮ϡ
ɽΣɶ
ɽĿʤĽ
֪ʱĻվ˽ߣʲôɽΡ
ɽǳԼһհ·̣ɱСɽɽڰ֮䣬ųһɽ֮еٶȽֱ
ǰɽһʱԵЧ
ֻϧɽʲôܽģֻÿӶ᳤ǰʮɽ롣
ôôǱҪμˣ
˳֮⣬ǵڶѡʲô
ĻˣĿ˿°ϵıָָıĿ

˵ı˶ڴĳܱڵΪ˹ؼ֮ʱȥɽһҲ˵׼
紫ͳϵûʲô˵Ļܿͬһ
ʲô壬壬壬壬ħȵȵȵȣ
˸վĳϣſеĳ׼ģÿһȵڰϡ
ӶŻʤ
սʤͬʱҲ˽Ʒ׽˿ס
˿ĲʱƶɣȻûʲôϹţƣǿ˵ڶʱˮֵǹ룬ʹð֮á
ҪҪԱģоͦ棿
һǻҪȥɽء
ҲŶ
գڴı٣ʱѾǺҹˡ
ΪǰɽвμӶӶǶμһ¡
Ͼ˵ɽסһʱԼΪǣοɽء
ܱĹܼ򵥣᳡Ϊ㣬ӻ᳡ʼһֱʮȦԣֻҪǰֲһǰʮʣԻǰɽεʸ
һͭ£һȺѾӿܣźܴǰɽΡ
ֵǣӶŵİ˸ŮȴƵ󣬸ż
ܰǲȥɽô
忴żյıż
ܣһͻ׷ȥġ
һһŤұŤ˶
ǺܴҪʮȦҪķѴˣڱ֮ǰǲȫĻҲһּĸɡ
˵˸˴ʱ˿ȫ
׼û
׼ˣ
Ԥܣ
Ļ£㿴ԭƵİ˸˿ʼһ׷ǰˣִӶĩβ׷м䡣
Ҫ֪ʮȦһѵ飬˴һȭ¶οʮȦ
ܹħһѵ֮Ȧڰ˸˵Сһ
һһһһһһ
ĺſںţ˸ɵĶһԽǰˡ
Բۣǰ˸Ǵ˼Ѫô
ԭеһĲѾİ˳׵׵˦Ҫ׷Ѿǲܵˡ
һڰûָˣܽҲֻеھ͵ʮˡ
һȦһȦ˵ʮȦϵһ˲䣬еĹڶˡ
ѺˣѺˣ׬Ǯˣ
һ²ӶǵıͬʱϯϵҲ׷ע˶Ǯѹ˱˵ϣֻ˽Ǯѹ˽İ˸˵ϡ
Ϸ˵ȺһԻõһģ
½ҲȺУ½ߵʮү˱졣
ͣһɣ͵һЩô
ʲôõ͵ģϷֲ˵ǼҿôϷҪߵ
ʱϡ
ģ³̣ų磬κȣԺ˸ڵϴڴڵĺʵĿ
˵ۣ
ǰ˸Ҳ˫ŲʹԭѶҪöࡣ
˶
š
ڵϵһŸĶԷֹ˶ɵļʹ
ɣİ˸˻ǰɽεʸ񣬴ʱ֮ɫѾ˲½½ص
ԴˣһȫĻӶҲβ
ǰɽʸһʮˣӶžռ˰˸ʣµһĲߣһǾĲߡ
Ӷŵˣԣ
ȻǸߺۻ˺ΣǶӶŵˣʲôҡ
ȥúõ˯һұǰɽ
ߺʾֵͽĵлȥЩҪ
ڽĵ˵Ӱʧϵʱ򣬸ߺۿĻһۣת뿪治ԶĿյϡ
ʱһƬݵվһɫˡ
ת
þò
ҵǲ棬˵ɣʲô¶ӻҪȥ˯ء
ߺ۵̬ȺǲƣĻϰŵ˫Ҳн䱸鿴Űɫˡ
һһЩ飬ǰ˸Ѿ߲þע⣬һҪСһЩ
ѻ棿
ߺ۵۾ʮֲĿŰӡ
ûб飬л˵ƨͷţվһӶöġ
Ҳָߺ۵̬ôӣֻΪǰӶŵһԱֻϧѱˡ
ΪӶܵıѱΪţһŪ⹷
ϴӻû䡣
飬ɱҸϴҳܲ𣬿˵ɶ¶
ߺ˵
鵹ûУǰ˸ӵݲô򵥣ϣӶžܵĲҪ֮顣
Ȼ֪һЩߺ֪飬ҲľŸߺСġ
ԺķʲôĻھ͸Ͻ룬ԷֹǣӶš
˭֪ӻո£һߵľȻ䱬ѿ
ߺջȭͷۿŰӣеĺ֡
˵һ飬߲þô涼УǣǸҶ˸һһӶžƴһˣҲҪĵס
£ߺתȥȥ֮ʱһ仰
ӵϹ۾Ͳþ㣡

ӿŸߺ۽ʧеӰ۵һĨЦ
Ļ϶磬ȻӶŲõ飬ңǰ˸һɭ仯߲þǲ׼ֱ䶯ġ

1302 

1302   
ĻûлػֻĿŰӡ
ΪҲ²ⲻǰ˵ɽ滰Ǽٻ
滰ߺ˵һǻỤ˸ȫƴһˡ
ǼٻĿʲô
Ļ̾һת뿪ʧ峿ĹС
˭Ҳ֪ߺۺĻϼ˭ڶ뿪֮ӰҲƾʧ֮䣬ƴûгֹһ
ա
˯һһҹȵڶ峿İ˸ľʰһڴ
ʮүҲͣһ߳͵̶һȥɽĸֽ֮¡
ǰɽʱһҪע㣬ɳԷ㡣
㣿
ڳĻ̌ͷʮүΪĽ顣
һɽһʥɽĪҪκɽΪֻҪǱɡ
ڶɽ֮أûаյʱǧҪȥ
ڵôϷǲȥ
ʮүĻü˶Щ棬ʲô
ʮүʲôΪʲôô϶ǲȥ
ǲɵϷɽ֮ˣϷǵʮǰһ˵ϷɽɽˣȻͱɽЩ塣
Բۣôô
һڷʮүǧ֮£˸Ļǰɽ
һհ·̣·иڴ
壬ϸĻ϶ôˣôһӵı顣
ǿˣ
һ㶣ѵ˵ϴĻ϶Ƶ鱻ӿˣ
ܰʱ⼸ѾصӶţܿġ
ˣʲô塭ǲʲôǡ
˶һۣĻб²⵽һ
ʵδ˯µʱȥϴ˸裬Ļ϶֮ĶԻҳʱҲͬصɫ
ԸĻ϶˽⣬ǲʮص飬¶ı顣
ǽػӶų˵ʱ򣬸Ļ϶ҲΪһʲôŻˣʮֲ⡣
һ仰֤еĲ룬ضʲôǲ֪ġ
ûаûǣô
ܷٺٵЦţаԿԼĴڼʱת˻⣬ҪȻͱȺ˾׻ˡ
ǣǿǺأȸĻ϶嶼ء
˰ɣȵˮ
Цţеľƺøܷ壬ܷҲɣš˸ӹ˹˵ĺ
һ֮ŷˮеʲôˮǾô
壬ǵĹϵզӶǲǾǵĹϵˡ
ȻզĻȥɣǲǸϴĻ϶ͰƼġ
Цţƾ⼸Сһﻹ·ߣҲ˭Եζࡣ
壬˭ôȸĻ϶嶼ôӶ˰ɣҪȻĻ϶ôֳ־ı顣
ޣǸһͽϴ˰ǱӶš
˵ܷˮң˵ĺžˮҾ¶ǣܷͽ˵ŰƺӶŵ顣
Ʋ壬塣
Ϊһ¹ʣƱ۸ϴ⺢ĵȻ壬δ˺κ飬㽫Ӷš
ȻΪ壬ӶŲδۣܵ˫۶ϣӹʮֻӶһЩӵ飬ʳҲᱻ
һӶű͵ϮۿŰƾҪڵ˵ĵ£ϴ󲻹ȫ廤ס˰ơ
˱עɱϴ˿սһ̣Ҳ˷˰
ԭΪһж˭뵽ӶϢ֮ʱһ޴ѽٵǡ
߲þ˳ǣԸֽڴѹӶţΪľǽеʵȨ߬ԼУòٿǡ
Ҫ֪Ӷžۼ֮أǿ߲þҲҪɵ֣һΣÿһӶžưҩһΪֻ߲þѹƣӶܻҲ
ʱθϴˣ߲þ봦Ӷŵϴؼ֮ʱƳ֡
ǺǣǲôţǰһֱϷ߲þˣǵļϸ
֮ء
ʲô֮ǸʱϴŸոսӶŲõʱ䣬ˡ
Դ֮󣬰뿪Ӷţص߲þһγֱӶ½ֻ֮ԶԶؿƺ͸ϴĻ϶棬ҲֻһЩ̵Ϣȴ֪˵Щǹϵ˽İ˸ӣԸϴŻô
ǶӶȻǮܲ˵ıǱѡ
Ʊ߲þˣʱ߲þǵĹϵâĴڣΪ
߲þΪ˽Уһ˱ֶΣǵӶڶ˵¶кˡ
ǵʵ
˾Ӧǧжι
˭˵ء԰ǲһأ
ûУôˣǼôܴĿ׻ء
ЦЦ˻ֱʾǲûôôôǲǣ
ܷǵЦЦ
Ȼҿûӣʵ˼ء
ǣһĻ϶嶼û
޵ܷ岢δע⵽ĵ˵ı飬һγһԭ򣬵Ϊʲô
ѵ˵Ϊô
벻͸Ҳֻеȴɽȥ֮취Ӹ׻ˡ
һհγɣɽ
ԶԶر㿴һɽţɽƣɾһ

ԲۣɽøߣҪȥô
ϻȥ㻹ȥôҾڲԶĳǣ֮ǰ
ܷת׼뿪ɻʱͣ˲Ц⡣
ǸʲôһγżܲܽǮ忪Ǯͻǡ
˰ˣ
ε̸һ⼸쿴嵽䷹ûǮˡ
ӽָóһٸʯУǧһҪʡŻǮ
һʯһ˼ҸĹһµʱ䣬һٸʯӦÿ尲ȵĻˡ
ϣ֪壬С˹죡
ܷһ̵ʧ˸Ҳתɽ
ƶ˵ɽռÿÿһʱ䣬ܸоԽ
⡭ǿ
ŨȵҪǿʮ
Ŷ̺ڿеϵӿȫһ޷ݵĸо
һʱʱ䣬˸˵ɽ
ǰɽεһʮ;һɽѡɽΪʵӡ
ѡȥһɡ

1303 զզ¶

1303  զզ¶
ɽŨĸұ֤һɽһջ
극й֮ʱɽ淢˼ȪôõɽȪʲˡ
κȺͻ׼Ķ˭֪³Ҳƨƨߵĸ
һ³̵ϡ
ͣεĹ
һŵ³ʮίֻϴԡ뿪
һЩȪȪǲĿ³̱Ľӡ
ôˣ
ߵıϱһ裬ˣ
ݡް
Ҳݣʲôͣ£ȥҪˣ
һүǴĲɿһߣȪһܡ
ȣɶʱ³ųɻ鰡
ɻ飿ûڲᡣ
ҡҡͷһӳûˣɻȴδǹ
κȺ˼һᣬҡҡͷ
˵СʱĻһ޸ʲôˡ
κЦʮֺߣСʱ⣬ǵʱĶǼ޸ʲôү֮ģƷֻŽķǸˡ
źһķֱų硣
ʼϼųʱҽǾˡɵ
һĨЦȵ쵽ǡ
κȺų磬ǻ³̣˴֮϶κεĶҡڻǳɻʱǻСҪ
˵ˣأģڤҹôҿǿóڤҹ˭ģΨ㡣
ôǣˣ˵ˣҺڤҹ֮ûʲôģǸԴһϹħ񡣡
Ŷͦ˽ڤҹ
ЦķεĿԼΡ
ѽһЩİɡ
Уڤҹô˵˼ڤҹҲϹħ˵˵ĸо
Ҵˣ
ϣϱңȰңȣ
ŮӵЦصɽòԶһʿǷ׷ײһǲǺ档
ɶ
֪Ҫȥ
ǡ
Ե˰³һۣĲġ
ȪĲнĻκȣ;ʱ;Ҳųմ֡
һӵʱ˴Ȫг֮ʱԶһ
δаȻôɽ
ι˭ҵС˧簡һ
硣
˴·ɢͷԴȥ뿪ȪزãͿڰдļҵˡ
ԣ׼ȷ˵һ˺Ůһ
զ¶
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ǽ˱˹³Ҳ׷ܹ
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ǵһμɫ壬һͷںڵĳֱףɫĳſڰֻ˹â
ʱѾƻ裬ɫĹâźɫǶһߡ
ӿݣŮӶҪʼɵ
ιСýһ£һ¾ͺã
һλص˶ߣ˸˺ԭˣϢ壬˲Ż
δ
⻰˵ģʲôкδӰС磡
ۡ
仰ЩԼĿˮǺǲ̫ˡ
㣬ܲһЩȻΪô˵ҲǸĸġ
ĺĪҪΪɫһʱ嶯Ҫסݡ
ĸˣҾϲ˿С磬ҪôҳΪӣҪôҵ๫
ָź壬ƺѾȷ˱˴˶˵ݡ
嶯ɶú˵嶯ħ
ħôˣҪ
㣡
εκһӣһ룬ڰе类ջ˽ָ֮С
ιңҸ
ǱڽָУҲɽ
ʲôˡ
ڰеĺ˰˫Žĵˡ
ǵˣɽεģǣ
ɽɽˡ

Բۣɽɽˡ
࡫
ſˮû뵽һǾʹɽĵɡ
ǸʲôղŵĶһᣬ
᣿
վκǰ磬޲ýʬΡ
๫ô˼ң˼һẦߵء
㰡ܱ첻ûһﶼҪɱô
ɥһս׼Էֹɽʱ
ΪɶҪ죬ǿˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһθڰУҪˡ
С磬ɻôӦûɻ飬գҪҪ˳ѻˡ

Ѿ֪ʲôݴʱ˿̵ˡ
ȻҲΪŭǧз
ƣüӢ˫е⣬￴еˣǿ
㣬ûƳüɱ˫еɱô
ͷۣĸƢθۡ
ɣľٶѾŭɽˣⲻһսˡ
Ҳ֪һᱻ߳ɽѵѰҵ˵ıء
๫㲻Ҫô˼ô˼һ
ãȻҪҳɻ飬ǽձ붴Ρ
أһĨЦ⸡ڴǣ֣˿ûκη֮⽫Լִ˵С
ɣ๫Ȼô˵ˣӵĵȻҪȫǣ˭˭ǹ
£˺Я˫˫תȥ
㣬ɶȥ
ӣ˵Сӱ졣
Ӱһһʧĳ׵ףƴδֹһվԭ̧ͷİ˸˶ɵˣһʱҲûӦô
˵Ҫô
԰һʼ˲ڴô
ôŴȥ붴ˣ
šеת
Ҳǡ
˸˭Ҳ벻ǰ鵽ôһ¶Ƕս׼Ӧɽ˵Ľ
ɡ
զ¶ôŴôʹ򵽶ȥˡ
ϱҲܡ
³תͷڴı鿴Ż
ҲϣһŴŶд붴
ðǰɣ
¶ȵЦ˲ռۣ³̷Ӧһȭݺݵػ³̵ĸϣһˤ
ߣ³̸ովһɨȣҪǽĵţ³̾Ҫɽιˡ
ϱҴˣҲˡ
׵³̳бŻĴȳ󣬿ģǾסһ䣬ҵģã
һ϶ûлǲĺͺ붴˭Ҳֱ֪һ˻±Ʋѵı顣
ĵǲˣϾΪŮʮ϶Ϊһˣһ˵˵á

1304 츣

1304  츣
ò˵ɽǶ츣ء
˯ԴԴϵ뵽ÿһë֮Уڲ֪ΪֲǵӶǼԴҪɽء
˯һоΣ
һˬݵ˰
³һı飬ٴ֮У̰
عƣɽʱ棬˽֮⣬˶ͻϣ̤뵽۷֮УڽôҲȻͻ۷ľ磬һεĴڡ
ɽеĵһ죬һϥɽɽϵ
һɹǿХȫ£ǰһƬ
һһʱ䣬˸˲ԲȣҲǽһʱ䣬³̣ų磬κȣԺ˱뵽һߵľ硣
۷һǰǻֻһԵˡ
ˣһʱȶˣҪԷҪ⣡
ų׼˿ڳͣӰɽɼҩݵκȿе֪һϢ
ڰɽһѨԽԽǿ󣡡
Ѿǿݵˣڽɽ֮ɽһХһʱǻ֪ˡ
ļٵģ
ĵ˸κȵ˰ɽȻ¹ҫ£ɽ¶Ĺâٻǰһ㡣
ȥ
ɽУҿʯǶŸָʯͷЩʯͷɢŲͬĹ󣬴ָЩָ䴥ʯͷϵһ˲䣬޷һӿ
Щʯͷ
߿һ¡
˴ӰɽɽһֱߣɽΧʯͷԽҲԽ࣬ŨϢ
Ȼ䣬ĸо֮ϸ΢ı仯ƺҪʲôͻһ㡣
ģôˣ
ȻǸʲô
˿ڵϵĽڤ뾳֮УҲڵϣɽдϵ
һգ۵Ĺɽеİ˸˲֪ʱţֻҵ
ⲻ֪⿴̶һ˲ʱ䣬ѾʱŶ
ٴ˫۵ʱһ˫˸ŽɫĹâ
֮ϣǾؾ磬Щɽеɹͻ˾ؾС
ϣˣ
³ǰ˸һ۷һ˲䣬赲һ֪֮ѾĿǰļˣǿеȥʵ䷴
½½ų磬κȵҲ׷˹һϵЦѾ˵һС
ϲϲ
ͬϲͬϲ
໥ű˴˽µľ磬ʱɽ洫
ǼɣʱѾȥˣҪɽˡ
ѭ뿪ɽ
ƣڵ۵Ĺâ
㣬ɽ˶õʱ䣿
£ߣɽѡ
翴һ۽ģһصκȵĽָС
ʱѵ˼ɽҲûҪˡ
ǵΪ֮ڵõһʱǲʲôˡ
ɺȥ뿪˵׼ʲôԵԼһͻΪϵء
㣬ˣ๫һô
˵Ҳ֣˴ʰʱûɽ˵ӰӣֱǣҲǺ塣
ˡ
Цˣǻ塣
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ûЦǽɽĵ죬ˡ
˵һԹô˵ҲǷһǸ˸ض
զ¶զ˵ǸĺڳΪͰ
ΪͣԶԶسǣôء
κȽָгһı飬ù³еľƺ˵Ĺžơ
ﻹΪ޸˸˧๫˭֪ȴǸǻΪȻ˵ǿģħĺ̡
˵ڽİ˱չصʱ䷢һһС
һǰóףţܺгҲá
ڶϣһǺܺгá
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˸ӵģҪ֪Ǹ˵ʲôҲó׵ġ
Ϊĺг䲻֪⣬Ҳܲµó֣ʲôħĺ̡
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ɽɽīħĺ
īĵŮ˲һ˽ô֪³һޱȡ
ѾԼĺӣħ峤峤֪Ǻãգ߲þīɽֱսλã뿪ɽ벽
Ŷԭˣ
иֳһ˿˿֮ΪΡ
ҲˣֻһѣɼǸīҲˡ
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£صκȵĽָͷ˯㿴ҿεҡҡͷ
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ең
һհŰ˸˻صǣո̤ǵĵؽ㿴һȺһȺĳӶڵķ˹ȥ
ʲô¶ˣ
˵߲þҪӶű񡣡
ɶ߲þ
ˣ
尵һã뿪֮ǰǧİȱӶţϵʱٻȥͺá
ӱ뿪²İ˸ˡ
ȥ
š
ʱӶš
ϣһΪ˭أⲻǰô
ߺ˫ֶżһЦ
߲þ˴ݹ٣ӶſɽӴ𡣡
һµİɫЩΪѣɽǴ߲þ棬κεĲء
ϴ߲þίӶǰ֮Ѱᣬͽʯҽͨ
ƻµһ˲䣬˷׷׵һıһ˸߹һ˵ľ
ʯһʿɹ۵֣Ϊ㵵ͨ
ǿؼһԵͨǽǲǿ󰡡
ߣ߲þôȥұңǲӵģͿ͡
ߺѹͲҪʲôͨԼǰǮ߲þýֺͷ붼бض۶ӡ
ϴ߲þָӶŲܽӴӶžܾɼ׼ӶŽΪĩӶš
ұĸȼĩȵļΪ¡
½ͨţֻҪһ򵥵񶼿ԽӶš
֮ӶŲ߲þִ´񣬱ᱻΪĩӶš
Ҫ֪ӶſǾ˼ǧüʮ˵Ŭһߵ˼׼ӶŵС

1305 Ⱥ˶

1305  Ⱥ˶
ɣ߲þǴǿƵֶӶŽ񣬸ԽΪҪЮ
ĻǧһɥӶŲΪɭЦٽɢΣ
߲þҪʲô
ΧΧϷоǲ⣬߲þɭȨʵĺģ߲þôӶŸˡ
ϴΪңҲΪӶźãΨһķӡ
Ϊ㣿ƣ߲þʲôӲܣ˺Ӷŵİ˸ӣҲҪ߲þһ
ȺеĽˣһĿȷȷʵʵǴ߲þͽ񣬶ǿӲ̬Խв֪ߺ۱
⣬ֻһ
һûǽֻ³³̣κԺ˸ˣԸŻôŭľܾ
ǰɽʱ䣬Ǿʲô¶
ƣӽͰѻ˵װף񡭡
ǽˡ
ߺ۱ҪھܾҸ߰ƣӶŵ˲˵߲þʲô⣬Ǻ߲þ֮ľһˣֲһΡ
ڰ˸ӵİȫʲô
ڸߺۼ˵仰ʱ򣬽Ŀڽȥ
ԽΪף˸һĴȺ߳Եñİ
ǽˣǰ֮԰ɣͽ򣬲ͨ˻ɵ棿
ǧȷΪһµʱ䣬һµʱӿ֮õᣬʹͣӶٴνΪ׼һӶš
һΧ۵ٴεһ
ǸղǲǶðˣûƵĻٴνЦذɣ
ãҴӦ㡣
ġ
ߺۼߵǰһ˫ŵĵüдŭ
ΪӶգ֮Σ֮أԴġ
Ƕڸߺ˵֮Ҳȥȥͳĵط
̫̫֮Σգһħ֮أ
壬ģҽ񲢷ġ
뿪ʱ򣬾˾˱Ҫǰ֮ȥѰʦĶ֮˾˾ˣҲһ¡
ߣΪںǱͨ
ô˲ܺô
ߺԾǿӲ̬ܾĵǰ֮ȥѾοһγֱӰ쵽Ӷţ
˸ǲΪԭǣӶŵġ
壬һΣǾԻûġ
ǡǡ
ǲߺ˦ȥһԵĻҲҡͷ
ȻλӢ۽ұ㲻ٴˣһº󾲺
ƿһ۽ĵˣתȥʧӶǰ
ûֿҲ׷ɢȥ
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һƣŸߺ۵ķţһ£ߺ۳
ô죿
̾һıʾԼҲûˣⶼһʱˣҲ
ҵġ
ˣžˮ滻˽ģŤ˾ƺĸӣˮһĵŷ档
尡Ǻþƣһʯһξƣɶʱʲôʱֹͣơ

ˮֵбȻ£ǾڿУž
ܼ⣬ɶǮ
򿪵ڶ׼ڵϵʱ򣬸ߺ۴򿪷ţһѶеľƺ
壬ġ
һ̿⣬һһھڲˡ
壬壬ԣҵ׵
һھ¶ǣߺԽԽԽԽ룬޲ðȺС˶һٶ򣬴ǵĹȾͲȥ֮ˡ
˵˵ôģǲǽˮˣǿ֪֮ʲôطôħη֮أƾȺèĹҲȥ֮أ
ǣ˵ǣȾƺȾƣ
ͷϵĸߺ۱ŵװףţĵ˾Ͱţû˾͵ƣһʱҲйĵضŭҲ
ȺС˶ӣˡ
öԣľЩʡԣǷǳĲʣҲԼ뷨
һ˵ߺֵ۾
뷨뷨ƨڵ뷨ǰȵ֮ϽȥҪʲô̵ôʦ̵ģȥһ֮һ꣬Ǽ˵⣡
ߺĲ֪ʲôˣֻܴһһ˵һһ
壬֪ΪǺãһ߲þģǲӶǧŬҪһɢĿô
Ȼܣ
Ӷŵʱ䣬ÿһ˴ǶһȻĿӶΪܵ
ǾͰǵģ齻ӽͳˣ͸ʲô⡣
壬ΪǸҺ߲þţҲӶŵһԱŵģﻹӶŵš
˵Ķԣǰ˸ȻӶŲãҲܿӶ¶й٣ĻǼҲȥ
Ȼ˸ûʲôģ˭ǺüƵġ
СͰ͵ľ֪֮ǵض֮ʣҲһڴӦ
һһ˵ůߺô᲻СһΪӶÿһ˵İΣ롣
ٺ٣ⲻ͸һôǰɣĻ϶塣
Ӽ˱ߺĵһֿʼĻϾһֱվڲԶˡ
ʯ԰˫Ļһǰڸߺԣһݵͼ˽ĵˡ
ЩҲˣȻˣұ㲻Ȱ֮Ĳֵͼ
һƤгôСƤһɽӵƣûһĵؽ
Ļ϶壬Ϊɶǲֵͼ
ӹɭ粻һ֮߱Ѿ֪ͼˡ
Ϊħĵطճ̶Ȳ˵˵ѡ
ĻϿǰİ˸ӣ²߲þ˵״ʲô̡
ģӦûʵɡ
У
һӣһŴĻϺ͸ߺǰ
˽֪ˮʱ˾ӳ֣Խϡ
ɭ֮УɷָؽĶ˵Ȼĳϵ
ˣҲòþһԱټŮҲΪþ֮ˣΪλҪȰ˸ǰ֮ȥء
Ļ벻ףֱһһ鶼ŹֻҪҵһͻе鶼ӭж⡣
Ҫ˵ؽÿһּУа˿

1306 Ҫʲô

1306 Ҫʲô
ǰ֮ѰᣬҲ֪᲻Ѱᡣ
Ļ϶Ļ˵֮һˣײΪǿ󣬱ȵһ˸޷õĶ
᣿ڴ׹õǸɶô
³̺ǲ⣬ʱҲˣ޷ǾһЩܻǮҲûɶЧð
Ǳ֪ˡ
Ļ˵֮Ϊرĵط
֮һ֮أħĵط֮ǿõڼ̵ʱ˵ΪʵķԾ
ɭ粢˵ʲôϡ¶ֻҪǿΪͬͬ⡣
߲þҪʲôȺ˵ΪѾǿô
ʳĻҲĻֽ׶βɵġ
Ҳ֪Ҹղ˵ÿһ仰Ƕô
ˣ
С˶ӣҪܽ񣬵ȵʱܵġ
ߺžƺһ¶ǣ߶߶İ˸˵³çΪ
ǣͨǺãҲҪòǡ
һߣУʮүŲ豭üͷм֮ɫ
߲þҪʲô
ӽĵ˽ʼʮү˺У½̽һЩ߲þ顣
Ϸ֪߲þȺҪʲô˵˼άȥô
½ڴ̨ߣһ裬ĿԶ
ҵһ飬ǺħŮ߲þһ߿ЩһЩһ顣
һ飿
š
µûĻȻΪħŮ˵ʲôòþŻľ
ϼһôУ֪֮жôΣա
ʮү۶ǵǵı飬֮Ϊα֮Ϊħĵط֮洦ɼɱôᱻħ˵ǰ˸Ϊո̤۷ļСӡ
ѽϹʲôϷǺڴӵ׻ʲôı֡
еĲ豭½վߵʮүߣ˫֮еɫһ˵˷֮⡣
Сӱңֶĵġ
ϷɲһڣϷղ˼⼸֮֮󣬱ǴŵΪ
½һ仰ʮүһ¡
ģ
Ȼ֮֮޷ĻϷҲûҪȥκΪˡ
ʵ½κ˶⽪˸ǰ֮ϾֻҪ˸ӳɹĴ֮ûᣬ㽫ȫڸǡ
Ͼʱ䲻ˡ
ȻһʼʮүҲΪҲ½ôԭΪΡ
㻹жõʱ䣿
಻һꡣ
˵гȻߵͬ٣ɼӦĽȴ㲻ȥġ
ˣҲɭõʱ䣬ǸϢϢˡ
Ϸеϣѹ˰˸ӵϡ
̫ðˡ
ʮү̾һһƵ½ǰ
Ҫ֪鱻߲þ֪ǣǼҲΪ߲þĵˡ
ˣСǲǻûзӦҲڸϵΪҲὫɭķ츲ء
½ЦгЦʮүˣȻκѪ֮ӵеĴûܱ
˽֮⣬³̣ų磬κȣԺ߸˶ϹѪ֮ˣʣǵݱ֮ڣһ˻ʱӶŵЩֵ߲ܵþɭô
ʲôϹѪ֮ˣ
ʮүȻûע⵽һ㣬ϹѪ֮ˣӦӦΪӶŵʱûκεĲأ
ԣϹѪ֮ˣǼѾϹѪ⼸ɭ壬ûб¶
˵һݣá
˴߲þýİ˸ǰ֮ȥѰᣬ˭֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬻ΪϹѪߵһ㡣
Ҳֻǲ²ѡ
˰ˣ
֮ʮү̾һ豭Ƿһڱ
ֻҪϷ򻹻һգ߲þҲһë˵ģ͵ȺǴ֮֮ٴӳˡ
ʲôʲôд֮֮ڴӳ飬¶ͶˣϷҲŽǼͷƽ
ʼſһԵĵ׶һ½ʮүҰҰֱ۾˯
ա
壬ɶȥ
ǳǰ׼뿪Ľһͣ˽ŲϷĸߺۣһ⡣
Ȼǰ֮ˣǼСӣΪԼıͨô
ߺ۰һۣͷ֣ʾ˸Ͻ·ʱˡ
ǰ֮ѵʱǴˣ롣
գĩ˸ǰ֮һڸߺ۵Ĵ³Ϸʧ˵֮С
ǰʮүĻ϶໥һۡ
ʮү֪ϹѪߵô
Ҳϲ֪ģô֪
ʮүĻ֪ϹѪߵ˵ȣҲ֮С
İǰɽ֮ǰұյ鱨߲þͺħŮ˽¼棬Ů峤Ҳż㡣
ż˵ǺħŮ߲þ峤̸ݣħŮȻĶ
ʮү֪ɭŴħĺħŮ
ĻϼȻô˵ˣͱ֪һЩϢʮүҲغȦˡ
ʮүҲûĻ˵飬˵ŹںħŮһЩϢ
һѲ²⣬ħŮħڤ֮ҪСΪ
һߣϵİ˸㿴ҿ㣬˸ߺϡ
壬ĻСĵġ
Сĸƨһëû룬Ӹǣǰ֮ʲôΣյһʱҪˣҪľǻ뿪֮ô
һϵۣߺۻǲ˵ķԣȻȻľͽİ˸Сǰ֮Ǳ˽յĻ档
УһγûǮһеǳԺ˯ҪǸ·ϸҸϱҸô

˸ε̾һ֮ԽǲǣӶŵκһˣ񵽺ãҲˡ
ǵǣͬҲա
ˣʲô˵ģֻܾŸ˽ǰ֮ˡ
֮ϣһоǰ֮ʱкɫħۼֳһɫӰӡ
վںİмֵǡ
ȥʣѾˡ
ǣ
һοһԶȥķתʧӰ١

1307 ĿĴܻ

1307 ĿĴܻ
ģһ㻹ΪԼܻ뿪֮ô
Ƕ񶾵飬ԭʮҲΪһĨݾ֮ɫ
ɫ˲ɢڿУƴδһ㡣
һµʱ䣬֮õᣬϽ߲þ
Ҫ֪һµ޶Ӷ˵ʮֶݣϾ˭Ҳִ֪;лʲôΣա
ֻһµʱ䡣
ߺԼĩİ˸˳ٶȵ֮ڣλһɽУڸǡ
ֻ֮һ޴ʯųǰ
ʯű֮ˣ֮һҪ˵ȥһһǰߣ׼۾
֪ˡ
֮жֽзеĳ֮Ϊʱ֮еĳ֮Ϊ֮Ҳеĳ֮Ϊ֮۴һڽ룬ԵĶֵĻ
صʯִ˸ߺ۵ļϣԣų磬κȣ³̵
۵ããɫߺһ£е˶۾
˵ǰȫϵŵֻҪ˱۾һֱǰ߱ɣʲôͻᷢʾߴ˷
˵ĶǰţߺƾżһһǰУ˸ڸߺ۾ߴһ˺ѷεĺ
ңÿһһԴĵĿ־壬̰ϲ룬֮һ˫ۣ롣
ôƱˣԸԸ߾ߣ
³ʵܲס߲߶ŵֲ˫ֻۣܴһ໰
ҲΪˣЩ˫۵˫
ȣҪ۾ʲôҪţ
֪ˡ
˸˱˴˵ļලѣ·㳤ɢ֮ʣߺ׼˫ۡ
һ޴ʯţʯϿ̻ŷ䣬Ӧֹ֮롣
ûҷҶһֱ߶߶˫ȥ
䶼߶ų˼ӣ뿪ˡ
ͼóʲôط
ߺʾ⽪óͼķλ
֮֮󣬻漴ڲͬĵص㣬֮Ŀȡᣬ֮룬
Ӧ
ָŵͼϵһƬɭ֣Ҳֻɭвïʢֲ
ɣȽɭ֣һʵĵطϢ
˻˻
ǣûʲô
κȶų󣬵ϲľ޴֮ʱŵļг
££
ų簲κȵϾ޴ĳӣҲɵ÷˶ġ
֪ˣȽɭ֮иĳԼΣգȥü
ȥҲ¡
κҧ˵Լļᶨ
Ѿ֮Ҫſ뿪Բܰ;ϡ
Уǽȥɡ
ɭУÿһߡƣɭе߳ҲʮӴһ߳ϵҩ۶ȻЧģκһЩҩۣŵֵһЩ߳Ľ
ĳôô󣿡
ƽһСëëﾹȻ첲ô֣⻹Ǵӡ
Ż
󣬻о綾ڴľ֮ʱҪСһЩ
֮еĶ޶Ҫǿö࣬ȫë˭Ҳ֪Щӳ˾綾֮⻹ʲôΣմڣԣһҪСĽ򲻿ΪԼһʱˡ
ڣ۵£һ˻ƽµ뿪ɭ֣֮ɭеĳӶҲûʲôθڡ
ǳˣǸղſôЩЫӡҵ찡
³ҡͷٻëȻеĳ
ˣҪ֮ѰҵᣬҪԽһԨΪΣյĵط
һ״ȷ˶֮һ̳֮ǰС
뿪ɭ֮ĸʱߵڣ˵ʲôԨˣӰǶûĿݡ
Ӫկһ仰СķΪϲߣ
֮ħĵطΧݣ˵׼֮ʲôΣա
ʲôԵģ
߻һء
뿪Ӷŵʱ䣬һףչ˵ʳ
Ӫʣ˸æµԵ顣
˵֮ɫһ
ϣ³¹⣬ɫ¹ڴϣѵõС
ɾڴʱԭǳҹձڸǣɫҲ𽥴ɫ˹Ѫɫ
Ѫɫ֮ʱΧһкƶѪǡ
ô¶
𡪡
ʱһŭմһ˲䣬ǿħŷ֮䡣
ǿ
ָźµıԵӰڲϵ£죡
Сģ
ߺ۱ܵĽ˻ӦԽҪΣա
֮ڴ򶷵ѹûѽĵ˷Уʱ˿̵ֻб˴ˡ
£ҪΪͿ֮Ϊ
⻰˵ģ壬㣬ҹǰ峤ô䵽ⲽˡ
֮׺֮жôŨңһ仰ݣǱǳۺ졣
µŮһ˫ɫĳԼԵɫ
ǰҹŮһϮɫĳһ˫ɫӳ˳ޡ
ԲۣӴܡ
»ǰҹǰ峤˶ŮӣҶڷò֣žĿһһʽĴ򶷣ϷȥĲ
£Ҫ㱾峤֮ڿģ֪֮峤жôĿġ
ģǺǣұħԾɲĶ֡
µ̬ǿԷǰҹǰ峤Σ°ܽ
֮£Ůǽһң޲ðѶԷԴ
·˶ڲݴУߺм֮⡣
Ŷԭˣ˵ôֶء
ʶô
ʶǲʶֻ˵
ߺҡͷ˵͹ºͰҹǰ峤顣
֮֮ܽһ仰Ϊһˣ֮ʮֹѪ󺮹ºֽɱħҹǰ峤ͽ֮
Ҫ֪֮ףҪȴǼΪѵģΪԽߵԽᱻ֮еĽѹţǾŸ˿ɳ֮
ɣΪһø˵ز
Һ뻹Ǹˣһֲܿ
ߺҲ벻ף¿ϣΪһ峤ˣǰҹ峤۷ĴڣôΪһ֣˫˫׹֮
ˣΪ㣬ô뿪ҡ

1308 ί

1308 ί
󣬱Ǹߺۿеȫŷ
˽һΪͨˣΪ˿ȡǰǣ;˱ɽУӶ˰ҹ峤⡣
ʱĺΪ˱Լ뾢нսȻսʤ˶ԷȴҲ˴󲿷ֵΪֻܶɽ
ƫƫͻ˭֪һССΪ˱⣬ͻúⲻ壬أҲӲ˰Ľ֮飬һֱĽɫŷߡ
˭֪³֣ǿӲֶζȡգº֮գ⵱˵ǰɱŷ
֮๫ɱ¶ħҹ峤ˣܾ֮ĥ뿪֮Ҳû˼¡
ɲ뵽վȻ֮ºͰҹǰ峤⡣
ԲۣڹѪһôҲ̫˰ɡ
ϷһϷǸ˵ıģ뿪֮ȥϷ԰һѪ
ݴֹºĹѪ£֮£ȴĻӦź⡣
̫ԼСʱʶǺ֮ˣҺȰǵ֪ڸģɱ浱Լǰҹ峤˲ô
һ㣬˰꣬лǷޡ
ãٴɱˣ³ɺһ˽ᡣ
ɫţǿؼ䣬Էǰҹǰ峤ΣҲҪʬΡ
ִˣԲۣôôҪָԷص³
ǲɵ˻ô
һ仰£³˲ͻˡ
Ҫ˸˺ϱӾǻɶҲҪŪѾġ
ϻɱ֮𡣡
Բ֮Уİ͹µŮڴܣһһʽҪԷŪŶ˵Ĵ򶷣һʱʲô׷¡
˵һһѳֱĲڵϣҪǽĶļʱѽҪԿϡ
ԲۣҪĽడ
ݴʱĺѾˣǶ˶ѶԷ֮شȻҷֻء

˶ʲôģ
ܲԴڴܵ˵ʲôΪֻܲʮֵǿǿǸ֪Էĵȼ
Դɽһ֮󣬰˸Ϊ֮϶˽ˣ֪Ƕ˵Ϊɴ˿ɼ
񼶱Ϊܸ֪õô
һǰҹǰ峤һһxϣ̳峤֮λˣ֪˵ΪȻǿ˹ǿʲôزȻѾ֮硣
ҪȻΪλ֮ǰ֮յĻгΪ׹ǡ
֮磿壬˵ǶΪǲǺ͸ɵһˣ
ĿǰΪֹǼ֮Уĺͽİݶǵ֮ǿߣǿ֮ˡ
Ȳ˵Ѿľ磬˵Ѿˡ
֮ô
ĵĿ⿴Ծڰ䶷ºͺˣһ˫ڴǶ˴ﵽ֮ڴ
񾳣ζ飬񣬳˸ĸүүɵ廹С˾֮⣬֮֮ˡ
˵֮䣬һһĻصÿһ˵Ķߡ
󣬰жºͺ˫˫׹ڵϣǺݺڵϡ
ֻ׹µĲԭӲһӣΧضǱսĺöá
զˣʲôˣ
˵ôһṦ򣬷˻˵ôˣ

֮Ƕݵƽ󱬷һЦë㤾Ȼ
£ΪƾΪô
ô
»ǺⶼѾվĶ˷׷ڵ϶ãءǰһ޴ѪѪԴԴϵӿֶ
ߺۣһһſǰУȻ˵ڴܣɻֹסȥ
ΧѾĪĻոɾһӲҲûУҲֻſڲԶŲӿž޿еĻ档
Ȼ˶̸֪ʱ򶼷ʲôºɫս۶ϣҹ峤һһѪӣʱ޶ˡ
Ȼۿ˶ɽٳΪ񣬵ȴ䡣
꣬Сһ㡣
ߺʾСһЩºͺעĽˣվһô顣Ҳһһһᣬòʧ
ʱ۶˳ǿ֧ӣҡҡλεվһһѵߵߣһ˫ʮֲĿź⡣
Ҵˡ
һҴúƬ̣ɽһµд뺮ţһ㳹׵׵ս˺ú⻹δ˵ڵʰһ˿ų׵׵ڻ֮С
ˣһս
ͨһһִųϥڵϣĿȴ׼Ĳ׽˽ĵڵķ
ǳɡ
Ӵ򶷵Ŀʼºͺ㷢˵Ĵڣۺ죬ѣʲôٶ
һ̣ҪѸЩࡣ
ҲףǱˡ
ȥΣա
ߺҪֹģĵֱ²ôģͶˣǵںͺһϢ֮ʱʲô
Ӳݴչɽǰվھ޿ӵıԵѾƵ¡
ò˵ȻΪ壬ɷһսټµ״̬Ѿ֮ǿߡ
㣬ô
ڿĵһ֮ʱһֲͬѰĸоͺս׼ģֱһοǰŮ¶ϢǲͬѰ
Կ϶ǰŮ࣬಻һϢ
࣬ĸ޳񣬸ħ޳񡣡
һ仰еʣԭˣħ޳϶ĺӣѹŲͬѰ
˽֮⣬µĿҲڳˣ³ֱκȡ
ǣɭʲôʱһȺӵϹѪеߡ
ƹصþȫվһѳĻǸվ
Ȼһ۾Ϳ³̵ϹѪĴߣǽ֮֮еһܣǸ֪
¸оõЩȷȷʵʵ࣬ӵ壬ѪҺȴǿߵ־ϹѪߵ֡
ܺãȻˣòˡ
Ȼ֪֮ҪʲôȻѾ֮Ҳض뿪û´ĻӦӶŵˡ
ǡ
ҲֱӳǾӶŵˡ
ϲԸǻܻϸٰʮ꣬ﵽΪѣֻǿϧˡ
̫ʱ˿̵״˵ٰʮˣǰٰ˸ʱˣԸδ˻ЩûнǷַӻȥ

1309 군

1309 군
ȻˣӶſɽҵίУѪίС
ĿģҪίӶһҪ顣
Ҫǽίеʱһסˡ
˵ǳϷ
ǰȷҪίô
εЦţǸ֪֮Ի֮ȡᣬҲ䲻˸ϵ¾ȻҪί
ò˵˼ʹЦǴĵִ
ȽĿ˵ʲôһ˶޷ؾ
һؾ磬߸۷徳磬ǰĻһḶ㹻ͽԤ߸𾳽̤ؾ磬ҡ
һ仰δ˵꣬һѪӿһĽڵϣҲֻŲסˡ
ȣ
֪ˣ
κ֪ĵ⣬һߣһɫԴԴϵ뵽µڡ
Ϲˮ˵ȵΪ۷УѾ̤񾳣ɼˣϹѪеǿİ˹
Ǿ仰µˣǴɽҲ죬Ƿֻ̳һǲܵ顣
ʲô
ֻܲµóڸƵŮʹõϹѪĴʲôȴǺ
Ϲˮ񡣡
κĻӦ£Ϊ
ǰҲˣԶ˵ĻҴӶŽ񡣡
ĵϥǰЦЦմȾѪ쵽˽ǰ߿ӻС
ҵڵ뺮һսҵڵֻҪ߿ڵ£ɴ۷̤뵽ؾס
Ҫ֪κȣ³̣ų磬߸۷𾳽ǻҲͻƵĻó˱ڵ˵ֱ
أУҷǰ˵ЩֻԤ
Ҳ˵Ԥ֮󣬵֮ʱӦĽ͡
ɷϣó߿ڵ˵ʵˣɭΪıвϵΪ
ôõĻǰǲץסǾǸϡ
ҲףǺõĻԵҪĴ۱Խ
˶ھĵȴ˵ʲôڵҲҪίǡ
ԣ˵û߿ڵֻԤҪίǵһҵĹǻҴ壬ڶȥɭһˣӽ
˵ʱЦţЦôЦݷ·õģЦ֮ŵȴǱˣֹıˡ
˭˭Ҳֻ֪Ҫȥҵһźɫӽɡ
ڶǰ壬µĹǻ͵塣
յõͽ𣬱ÿǧŻŵ񵤣ΪߵΪԵ벻ĺô
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ѽԻ߱Խǿ֮˱Խܷӳѽһɡ
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ڵһ޷Ϣ˵ֳ෴ԣԣڵҲá
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Ѿ̤˾ؾ磬صǡ
ʲôڲǻǫõʱ
֮Σճ̶Ҳˣؾ˭кô
˸ĵģҲڶ˵ʲôڵ֮ϥʶС
ߺۺͽĶߣԷֹҪ顣
ӵͦĽ֮顣
˵ʵߺĺĽ˸֮以α˴˲ᱳѵ顣
ô꣬ӶҲ֤𣬿Կ϶˵罪İһ㴿顣
Ϊ˴˵İȫǣ˴֮ˡ
壬ǵͱСϺܶ࣬ǶǾʮһΣв߹ġ
ڵϣǰϸֳ˴ʶֻ֪档
ǽǮ򲻵ġ
ĵӣ
ЦţźͽһЩ飬ɴʱһ֮ڶߣһâֻ֣ɲǼĹ⾰㽫߱ȥ
̱ôţô
ˣʦп̱ϷķǰߺĿžһھͽ߱ȥ
ôſᰡ
֮߱󣬾ŷӦԼʲôһȻ޴ı飬˫Ҳ֪ʲôطһȴĺӡ
ˣҡҲ֪ʲô;Ǹоˣ
ſˮǻ߱񽣵Ľ룬ʱ˿̣˻δĽ֮⣬Ѿʲôˣ᷽Żһնɱ˵߱񽣡
Ҳ־ˣϹ߱ǱܵķӦ
ŮκȵĽָյ˳ժ˾ǵĽ롣
СѾͷ㲻ỹ֪ɶѣ
һֵı飬¿Žġ
ҵ찡㲻浱˰ɣСѾͷϹǿκα﷨Ĵڡ

1310 ĺĺ

1310  ĺĺ
Ůһʮӵ̬ȸһΡ
߽ľΪϹӪʳﲻʲôţȵȣǱ
˵ԽԽͷԽԽԽӪֵ
߱񽣣ҪûǴĻ߱ȻĴڣô˵ɱ
ڸĽ⾻ʳʱͬʱҲ˽ĺ͸ߺһʵ
Ǳίмһͻȥ߱ôһֱǰ֮Ѱ߱񽣣δ
񣬾߱񽣸ˣš֪
ӣ
໣Ҳǹģ˯أŵһɺرϢȻ岻һϢǰߣȻȻ󡭡
ȻǸߺۿĿ̱
˭Ҳֻ֪߱ʣ¸ˡ
壬˵ҲǿԵİɡ
̸ȰǺĻԹȺ֪߱񽣸ˣҪˡ
Уһһ˵ǡ
ԣ˵߱񽣶ˣ֪ȥˡ
˰죬ߺ۲ôŵ˵ǣɳѻ֮⣬Ҳ벻ʲô
ûĻص˽ָУС͵Žû
壬˵еͨô
ҪȻأѾȥôͰ˵ĵˣ֮ͳһʣ߱񽣶ˣ˭֪ʲôطˣºͺⶼˣ޶֤
ڸߺ۵Ļ˴Ĵָ
۲Ҫǻѷһﰡ
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³̺ųԼ˸̤˾ؾ׶εľ硣
պһߺۺץӡ
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֮󣬾Ÿ뿪˲ԭԽǰߣԽǻֱǰһƬߵĸɳĮ
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յͼ˵ߵӦݾһ·ƬɳĮ֮ˡ
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ԣɴѡ˳·ֱӴԭ̤֮ɳĮȻĿĵء
ͬʱŵΣҲǴӡ
СһЩ
СССģ⼸仰Դӽ֮ʱһֱߡ
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˵ģо֮˵İ׹ǣħİ׹ǣȵİ׹ǣ˵ıڻɳ֮£©İ׹ѾɳʴĲ࣬쳣ɭ
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³̺ٺٵЦţ˺һٰۡ
ǲӱ̫ûˣߵķƫָķǰָŵķȥƻƫøԶˡ
治֪˵ʲôãˣ˭³̾أҲΪѻˡ
Ŷԭ
Ա߰ӪկŮϴǱ㿪ʼ׼͡
˵ƬɳĮǾ͵֮룬֮˺ͱضɶͬ

1311 

1311 
³̺Ǻ⣬һôôţ֮ѵɲɣ
ҵǲ˵֮ͣΪѾ̤񾳣˵ô㵽ʱˣҲҪС£򲻿ɴ⡣
ÿһ˶˰ɣ˵ˣȺҲû˵ҪʲôӵᣬǵʱһСһһٲʲôˡ
뷨治
³˵һ̤񾳵ǸǶ֣ǾͲòǿרˡ
һϵʱ䣬Ÿ˶ϸļƻȵ֮˭Ҳ˭һ飬ôôƶΪʮļƻ֮ŻصԼпʼ˯
һҹ޻
ɳĮһ𣬿ֵǣ˵ȴûκ¶ȣƤҲо֮С
ô¶
߳ͷе̫۵ǲ⡣
Ůˣˡ

ĸͷ˭㱻ΪƯŮΧм䣬ºһٵĴ֮վһԡ
ŮڽƯŮӣû֮һ
ԶԶԣŮǵ֮Ůء
ΧڽߵŮЦţеĳ֮жôȡ
˵ʲôطǽô˽гŮ
Ůˣ룬λѾȺʱˡ
Ůǰ·ĵĽŲȻĸǰߣ·һˮ֮ʱ羵һˮӦŽĵ
ɣϴһɫףһѱôء
һʱ䣬ҲʵĴݴʱ˿̵װ磬Լֲ
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ŮĽһΰԻ͵ĴУƶˣÿһ̨ˣһһһ̨֮һ˲䣬оʮĿ׷ϡ
ˡ
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ڴʱԭƵһħǿħգֻڶ̶̵˲㽫һƬڰ֮С
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ߺƲſԣҡҡͷ뷨
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ˣǰĳԼʲô˻ʲôģһСߣյħս֮䣬Ȼ˹
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Ҳ֪ˣϹŷʱʶһϹŴ峤ϣ飬֮һƬհס
漴ų磬κҲ˵пǰĳ
ѲֻеȻǰһжŻô
٣ĿǰôΪġ
׻пʲô
磬һڻߣУǳһʮصĵط
ɽˮﻨ㣬һСŮ
һеĻ涼ôģʦһս˫ܾˣɱɵΪ˴ﵽԼֶβûʦһ˲ֻļƻ㶯ʮֶ񶾵ĽգʦһֻˣΪܹȥòŽʣļСʦ뿪԰ӡ
ɼˣĻʦǱҵɱ


1312 ˣ

1312 ˣ
˯֮еĻȻŰ֡
ʼһԵųŻ֣Լĵ¶ů亹֡
ϱϱأ²£
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ߺǲĿˣ⼸ӽ˯֮еʱ򵽵׷ʲô飬һֵֺĸо񼸸ǿ˲١
˿ģֿ˿ԺͻȻǵһҲһģ϶ͬģεԼǰ顣
ôˣ
ĲԴӻ֮Щ䣬ɵõļ֡
״̬µĻĵ̧ͷ΢΢Щ͡
ҡпϹŻʦһĴսֱ壡
濴ĳϹŻʦһսΪԼıʦһ壬ֱһҲŹ
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Ǿ仰ǲ֪δ˽ʱΪܵĴڣǴ˵дȱ˵Ĵڡ
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˿ģĿ˿˴˹ʶ
ڿⷽ棬ĩļҪǵڶĻû˸ԳƵһˡ

ˡ
ߺ۴һơ
ԾղŴôûƣˣթ
ߺ۲ɵӣҪһ¶ӶϴǵһƸֻ¼СӣЦأ
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壬թͣչ涨Ҫ˫Ǯ
զܰ
ߺ¿һǰĺƣһҪŷƵʱмĺۼˡ

1313 

1313 

ʱеСΡ
Ȼ˵Ǯ࣬κθߺǸţǷµǮǾԲġ
ιѩɶʱͣȺҲ֪˵һʰһǳ
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ָָϵƣɴʱĸߺѾ뿪˴ֻεĿű˴ˡ
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뿪˴ǰУ˭ҲûлͷȥʱĴУʮ׸ߵıȴʧȫ
ˣ
ڷԽѩɽ֮ԭΪһ޼ʵѩԭڽˣȡ֮Ǹ˵ĺ򡣣
ԶһƬɫɳ̲ߵɳ̲ѩԭĽ紦Ļͷȥǲ⡣
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ߺ۸֮еһʶǾûκγʶ
һо˳Сǰĵĺ˵е˾סں롣
ֻҪõᣬһ
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˴ʻںУС֮ºʲôȥʮ־޴
ȽȴںεʲôĶһ޴ӰȻһԾײ˾˳С
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Сģ
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ųεκȵߣκȡ
ԲۣųѾıŵ㰡໣
һͷҪκȣų׵緭ӿһӽһͷˮ棬׵ҲȻŽ˸⽹ۡ
ų磬үģ
ˣ
ֻűκȣˮУ׵ˮд
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ָŲԶĵ죬˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱֵģΣأҲˮĺá
ˮеĺֻҪôǱˣҪôǱų⹷
ָ֪ôʱʧ飬˵ϰá
һоǰӾ㺣׷š
㣬㣬үģ
˰³ȺȺҪܹħѵͳʳ
ˣˣ
Ҳ˰֣ھҲˡ
϶ϲ˰ģֻĿʳԶȥλС
Ÿڰߣ󣬽ٺĸоǽһʡ
ڴʱһȺʮص޺Ȼ֣һŸһ򾡣εС
û뵽ôӻܼˣߣȥϴ󡣡
ϴ֪һ
޵ڶʮˣһΪȾŸ˶ҪߣټƣǽҲ޷ѿȫжһӲԡ
ΪѲк󸣵ľŸ˱һ˺ĴӪ
ɽկķ񣬾Ҳдկ֣Ȼӡ
ϴأϴȥˣǸϴץ˾Ÿ峢ʡ
Сϴ˯أϴ˯ǲ
ŶŶŶȰǸˣ֮ڹ׸ϴ󡣡
˵ţһú͸һקҪߣ׼ȥѽľ˸ˡ
Բۣû뵽Ӣһͷȴ˳档
ƱˣСߣСߣ
ûõģнƣһС
ѾԹΣ޷ٻһĲʶɣܸ뷨֮ϵС߾ڷ޶ٻˡ
ı˰ɣ
Ƕ궼ûԵˣ
ӦиٰʮˣǻǵõҶɭε磬˾ͳˣ˭ø³
ϧ뻳񺮡
ܳԵ̫˷ܣ˯еկ󵱼ҡ
꣬󵱼ˡ
ȺУ֪˭˵һ仰һ˲䣬ЩֵĴһӾͰ
һ³һϮīӵһ˫ʯɫ۾˳С
Ŀ֮һƬɢɢĴߣһֹɱᡣ
󵱼ҡ
˱ϥһڵϣƺλϵ˼ǳǿ־塣
˱ʯ˫ɨһڳˣɿŽĵ˵
Щʲô
ش󵱼ҵĻЩ²׽࣬רТġ
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֣һ򦣬ĿȤĶ࿴һķ
һۿȥһӣֻһεĹ򣬱ڽĵǰ
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ϸϸĿŽģм˷ǲ⡣
ܣʵ̫ˣֱһģӿ̳ġ
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֪ԼףƵˣ׼Ǻʶ
̬ԵĿһ䣬ʶôģ

ţǷģǽİݣǣ
ĲĿǰˣȻ֪ǰ˭һʮȷ˵˶ȫˡ
˭ǡ
󣬴󵱼ҡң
һֻһ£ֻһ̤񾳵ĸ־ͱһƴĲˡ
ԲۣǿΪ
³̵ɴ۾Ѿ͸˵ĸ֣һƾͱˣ
˼״æǰ⿪סĵ˵лָɵĽվǰ˫ɫӡ
׺˵飬ɫΨֻһˡ
ǡô
ļǵãǰϾʦѧյʱ˰棬Ļӣʶס
ǺʧˣʧӰ٣ҲҲںδԻҲˣ׵ľǱסһøе³ʧȥ˼䡣
壬ʲô֡
ˮڳ޲ýرסġ
ҽнġ
ģİݣģֵķ񡣡
Цţֲ̧۽ǵˮ
óԺúдλһ
ǣȥ׼
կĸΥ󵱼ҵĻȻʲ֪ŸǺεݣһɱѪĴ󵱼ҾȻἤ˵ز˭Ҳҵ
Ƭ֮󣬴аʰζһհǰźˣ޲ιߡ
硭㳤̫رˣԶһ㣡
³ʵֵܲĳ࣬ǼצӲϵ䶯ţĵθڡ
կλϣ潫õӷڽǰɫ۰顣
˵˵ô֮ء
˵ˡ
ĳŰ沦ӣ˵Ϊ֮ԭ
һ˵һʱ䣬˵ţš
˰壬Ҿ˾ô
ǧô

1314 ҹζ

1314 ҹζ
֪һܵܽзǧԣִĿе֪ǧ֮
ûĻǸӦþǷǧˡ
ǰһʱһ֮Ѱʲôûټ
˵ǰʱϢȥǺηʥǸеʥĹɽʱѾʧˡ
Ŷ
мʧ飬ǰġ
֪˾˰ȫ£Ѿ֪ˡ
壬Ϊλ֮
˵Ļ壬Ͼ֮УΪλ֮С嵽׷ʲô飬ڰүүǸӡ
Լô֮˫ɫɱȻ
ʱ˵
巢ǣ̫࣬Ӧ֪ġ
沢δ뽪˵ıԭҲû˵ԼΪʲô֮
һεȡᣬҪ٣㡣
ͺá
˭Ҳû뵽ȡᾹȻô򵥣ǻƻ˺üԤǵȷ벻֮ʱڴڱ֮ء
ڿòϰ
潫һύģ̫Ƶ䲻ϵطӿţص֮ʱĻ档
ɰ֪Щһղеļվֻܱ֮С
ģ׺أ
սİ˵ϰԣȻԼŮҴ
ҵѰʮ˵Ҫѹʲôħֹ
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ѰϹʮô
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ĺͽİѾԣԲŻ֧ɭ磬򸾶ȥѰʮ
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ѾˣҲһ룬ֻҪʣµʱ۷ǣύ˱ɡ
ĿŰ棬˵ðһ뿪Ļȴܾˡ
壬̫֮ΣˣԲڽָ֮кһ뿪
ģ֪Ǻ⣬Ҳģ׶Σ廹뿪֮
Ϊʲô
Ĳ⣬֮Σգ븴ҲҪ뿪֮ſԡ
Ŀǰ˵Ϊֻ̫֮ͣӵĻ²УЩˡ
˵һ㣬ʶԼЩ˵©졣
Ϣһ죬뿪֮
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ҹɫɳ̲ϣǳԶĺҹʹһƬԨһ˵ꡣ
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ǰѾ񾳣ڿ־ʲô
˫źףĿǿգŰԼͰĶԻ
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ˣΪʲô¶Ҳֻﵹæ뿪֮úõУ̤񾳡
һ۽ģʾٵģǵΪͬ׶Ѿǳͣɭˣ̤֮ߺ࣬ѰѰĸֵΪԶԶˡ
ӵΪһֻз
³̺ݺݵ³һһ뵽ʱзֱ䣬ûȳоͱ̵ˣί
˷׷̧ͷҹеķǡ
Ǿ仰ȡеҪ򵥵Ķ࣬Ҳͬʱÿһ˶ʲôʵĲࡣ
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Ͼвɭ磬еʮħ
գɿڡ
һϣĻָ棬ԽʧеӰĽָóһҩӸ˰档
壬ҵҩ裬ţá
һ·Сġ
γǰɭ磬ԼҪȥһ鶼˽֮ȥҷĽİݵҲ١
У󴬳׵׵ʧںƽľͷ˫ָɫ¸һء
ںϺʱ䣬棬ٶ߽ݾ֮ıԵش
λֻҪһֱǰ߱뿪֮Ǿ͸λˡ
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ֵ˷׷˴ֻʣ¸ߺ۽ľˡ
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ԣų磬ȣ˴޻ȥҺͻųĸȥ塣
ĸôɲ֮ȫ٣οǺ֮仹оء
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İɣǾͰ˵ȥµͽǱɡ
ʾ˷ģôûӣҲĿŵĺͼ˹ȥʱСľˡ
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УǼӶţ˻ǰڵƺǡ
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κųԺĸ˻صӶš
³ȥίе
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µĻ˵ֻҪĹǻ͵ɣˣ֮ǰҪǰȥһˣɫӽ
Ҳ߰ɣȥ
š
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ĸ˳෴ķȥߣ֮󣬳ĸ֮ҵ¿е塣
Ĺˮ࣬ȺӣȺ֮ĶʮϿᡣ
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Ǹô
ﻷôãɽˮǸӣҲǸĴӣչ˷ٵĵزҲǳ֮е顣
ֵ˵֮䶷пᣬԼĵϹҲǰ
λϲ鷳һ£мһˡ
ʲô

ʲô

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ϲҪǿʹˣȫԹۡ
һ׼͵Եߣתȥ
ʱһˡСкסĸ˵ȥ·۾һ
Ҫǲ

1315 ҪƮ

1315 ҪƮ
Ҫǲ
Ск¿Žģ˿˵ʲôں֡
ǮֻҪǮҾʹȥ
ϣСǻ⣬һҵǮˣֻߴҵ˲ǮͰ׸ô
³˫ֶżȤĴǰСк⺢ӵ˼
ǾͺûʲôϵˣֻҵǸǲҪҵҿɲ֪
Ск̬Ⱥ⣬һǰȥȥȥģ
Сܵܣ㣬мˡ
һ
ãǮҸ㡣
óһӷСкУСк˿Լеֿ˿ģ۾΢΢š
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θڵСҸʯԼܻŻô
СкԼĻ⺢ӱֻаңһ˫۾ȴųͬ˵ĳ졣
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кӷڻУתȥ
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£кתߣ֮ǰͣ˽Ų
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Ск˵һеǸɵӣֻǺǵЦţĿ͡
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֪һ
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أת䣬ǰһ뻹˴ʱ˿ȴһƬ԰׵Ĵ֮С
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Ϊħ³Ϊĳ裬ŵ֮
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˶Цĳɵȴ֪µһμĵط
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뿪壬һγǰڵƺ
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ʱĺ³˵һĻҲֻܰµĹǻҷˣϾ˾ڿҲĵ¶
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ѽֵĳж˼֮С
ô
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λ﹫룬λҪ⻹Ҫסꡣ
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Ľ㣬Ӧõ˰ɡ
Ѿˡ
˷ֳСӣǰͬķԽΪ׵Ѿǰһʱĵƺ
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ҲΪؼ֮ʣһµȼһһ̣˸ϻӶܻᣬӳᡣ
ᡣ
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Ǵ˵֮ô
ҵ찡֮֮ܿᣬӣ
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Ӷһ߲þίеõᣬʽ
ǰǰ󲻵µʱ棬ӶŴҵӶ˳Ϊ׼ӶţֽΪ׼һӶš
ɭǧʷϾ޽е飬ȴһӶմˡ
Ӷ˸ţùͽֽ˵ȼÿһ˵϶Ц˻
³أ
ĻŽʲôطӽʼûˡ
ȥίеˣⲻ˵Ȼȥٸ㡣
ߺʾĻЩȥ˵
ȿȣ
ɤӣߺһǰǼƱôţˡ
쿴Ҫʼװˡ
Կһ׼˵ĸߺۣ̫ˣҪҫһ£ﶨȻܵĺܡ
ǶͦˣӽʼӶűʽΪ׼һӶţÿһԱܵĴԭԣķ
ߺܲˣҪô˶ڣҪѹ·㱼һȦŽޡ

1316 ʮħ

1316 ʮħ
ǣӶŽΪ׼һñŵѸɭ紫
һߣĽڴһòһ˵˵Ĺ¡
˵ħʱ֮ߣͷţλһһڣʱ
˵˽ŵϹ񻰵Ĺ£Ҳйڰ֡
ڳϳŰӵĽ΢΢üͷµʮ־ʣֻһ⡣
ǹڰλеĴС磬Ǻڰ͹γֵأ
ĵĻ˵ЦЦ
λڰλ
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һи⣬Ļ˭عڰλأ
ʳһ⡣
˵˵б۵ģۿһȻǴϹŻʱһֱţǴĹ񻰣Ҳ˵һһġ
ˣһعڰλĹǺˣΪʲô˵ȷλǴӻ
һ仰˵˵һħʱ˭¼һС
ܲλûɶ¶гƨԼԼдһ鰡
УλͽͽݴĿ£ǣħʱ߳λô
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׾УΪŮ뺷Ϊ࣬ȻҴ֮Ϊʶͳ˵ʳˡ
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һĿ˵ЩţĿҡҡͷӲ輸ϸԼһˮĺ
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һƷòĿķеĲ豭˵ŽʵĴ𰸡
ҲѾ˵ˣʮħмɡ
ΪмɲǲΪǵȺʵѡսʤˣǾ͸սһսʤˣǱڷսһ¡
ȻǰϹħ񲻲룬ϹħκָʾǶҪķϹħˡ

1317 ˼ҵĵ

1317 ˼ҵĵ
ڽ˵Щ飬û˼Ҳûʱȥ
ŶŶŶˣǺ档
Ŀ˵ĵʲô˼
ûеʱȥҽǵ鷳ڻǲġ
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ڤиϹħ˵ǸŮӡ
ΪʲôҪݺң
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ǡ
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ûĻϹħиǧʱˣħֻ㣬ΪŮ㻹ת㡣
Ůⷽ棬Ŀ˽ĲǺܶ࣬ҲǴ¹е֪һ
Ҫ˵أǵĺá
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1320 Īı

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1321 ûֻɥż

1321 ûֻɥż
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£㲻֪ôػͬվһԵ³ĵ׼Ǹ淢
Ȼᱳѻֻе㷢ëѣѡ
ˣ˵ĻѾ˵ˣ֮֮ѣҿɲϲͱҴüüǧүү
Цţү˻֣عߵ³ߣ͵̧źݺݵĳ³˹ȥ
ղŸ˵û˵ԼôĶԵˡ
ιϱҴˣ˱ˣϱҴˣ㣬㰮㣬ˣ
໲ҽе³һһЦڱǺεҸĻ棬ڻУǳࡣơ
ֺԣĳֱһ١
˳׵׵뿪ƺվŵĿȴһֱŻӰֱʧС
ġ
һ仰еļ֡
ЩǵûдеУ֮ΪŨҡ
һʧƶˡ
ʱ׼ȹһȴоһǿħš
ҲûôŨħ
üͷһ۲δħĽģôŨħ
ģ벻ףΪ춼㡣
һŮ˵صУһһǿУʧȥƽ׹ڵϡ
صʱ򣬽³ҵŵ㣬Ųڱˤ
ʲôˣ
УһŮӵӰǰڿʱ³ȷϴδŮˣˡ
һֱڰݺң
ߣΣֻðˡ
ǰĺŮӲǱˣǺ档
ĺͺйһ֮ԵҲһ棬֮ǰǲ֪˭
ҪĿ˵Щڶ֪˭ڰһֱԼ
㣬Һгô
ʵǸ㲻ϲڤҹԼȥ׷׷ʲôϵڽŭǣô
֮ĶԹԹ;壬ҲãҪǰеĳͳͳһʽ
˵ʱʱ죬ɫӰ˲ڽǰǿħ޷ϢںеĹâĵ֮ʱڽϵĽֵָһ
Ѿ񾳣һֱֻܽĸɱ֮Գٳٲ֣ΪľԼټħ˷֡
񣬽һһεĻҲ̲ˣҪֽ˽鷳ħͳ磬ħĳνס
ɣ
汾Ǳɱ˽ĵ̬ϻֻҪɱ˽ģħ֪ɱҲν
ԲۣΪɲ˵ʲôô
ɱУ񾳵ɱУЦأ
ģ
ȫŷŽ⣬Ϊĵһһѣ͵³һѪ

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³ֳǰͽĻ
ģħ󣡡
ףĸ˵ΪһҲǺĶ֣Ͼĸؾ񾳵ǿ߶Կһǿǿߡ
ħ󷨣
˫ֽӡֻ˲ܲ׵ݺᡣ
ڷħУ׵ǣס˺ĽŲɻǾ仰Ѿ񾳵ĺ񣬷ħ󷨼ҲֻӺĽŲδĴ
ģ³̣
һȫŰɫĹâֹâϵɢ³̷ԼΪһ˲ʧһ
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֮ɳĮþ֮ԼƽһЩͬϹѪ˵ס
ΪϹŻʦһڻ޷ֻܱһ˿ϣһԡ
ϹŻʦ
ɱ⸡֣һħɵĳ壬ɴʱĻѾƽǺɫħ˲ʧ
ڻʦڶʱʧȥΪɺͨһĴڡ
ڣ
ˢˢˢ
ӰԸٶȳǰһȭһȭݺݵػںϣΣҲ޷ٻĳƽذףݺݵش˺ࡣ
һ滯һɢ֮䣬ʱҲʧ
ĸ˴ڴڵĴϢţĶܣԷֹһγ֡
ģҵţ
һݶ£Χħɢһ׷̱ڵϡ
ǸղǲǺţ
ǡ
ɶʱԼܹʹûʦ
Ҳ֪ղžѡ
ҡҡͷҲƾһ԰ˣˣ˶ҪںС
࡫
ĸ㿴ҿ㣬գ໥վ
ˣȥع񣬾۷Ӷš
š
ǰȴһֱڲԶɽнһо۵׵ļˡ
ɫĳɫĳе©֮еЦ⡣
Ŀһνı飬ǵŹӣ
ħʲôʱ̶ܵȣһϹŮħȻ򲻹ĸؾࡣ
ʵ͸¶ųࡣҫ֮⣬뷴ʲôɷǰʵࡣĴ˵ʲôҲõıףʵˡ
ǡ
һ꣬Ŀվ˶ϵĹƤյĿһۺʧķ
ʣӦ֪ʦһһеΪҶ˽֣лʦ֣Ҳռʲô˵ġ
ʦһΪɱˡ
ѪҺ֮һһķΧһеΪ۶Էħ緽ź˶Ļһģһ
ΪˣŻ᲻ϧһ˻ʦһ壬û뵽ѾͷʦһѪˡ

Уû뵽ǣʾȻΪԼȺķչԼ׵ܵɫջСѾͷô
Ŀ˵ЦˣȻ峤ܹܵ˵ܸܵ鷽飬ЩŮ֮鰮Լĺá
Цţŵ˫˿еΪΡ
˵ˣȻϹħĻɣǶ˷ŴӦޣʱδ֮ǰɭԼ򣬼ϹħҲܲ֡
֮⣬Ϲħ֪˺ҽĵ鷳˵ˣɭҲᱻǣС

1322 ټ½

1322 ټ½
ɭԼĹأΪǵ¶ܵǣ
ıǣԻħʵһС
òˣУҲȥʮħ֮ɱô˵ѾͷҲǷĺͽİݵŮʮħʲôֵ飬ҲԹ۲ǡ
仰˵ģȿһʣһʧԭء
ˣȻϷûˣҲʳƤˣˡ
һɫĿҲʧֻһĿŽĵʧķ
СѾͷ޿ɽԵϣѹǵϣĪҪʧǡ
˲֪뿪֮ʲô¶ֱӻصǣҲѾǾ֮ˡ
ѽѽǻˣ
忴ƽĽˣһŵǵ
ͺãƽͺãҿ
ʮүæǰµĿĸӣҲ³һ
СҲǣôĸǰ塣
Ȳ˵Ӷ֮ŵĹϵ˵֮˵ľ𣬺ĸӻˣҪȻ½ϼһһưոݡ
ҲãҲãҲȺǼһ϶ˡ
ʮүҶˣ
³̣һ·ϵĺܣΪ˷ֹڷʲô飬ĸ˼ǳԴʳֱǡ
ϣȡϴһͷھ͸׼ʳ
ģô·Ͽɷʲô顣
벻飬Ǻһߡ
³ûŵģ¾˵˺ͺս飬ͽĵĿ⣬æ͡
ûɶʲôû˵ġ
ˣȥϴһ£ʲôȳ˷֮˵
Ļʾ뿪Це˫ۿ˿ģζȻˡ
ĸϴ˸裬˷̤ʵ˲١
ģôһ¶
˲ʣƱҪʸô֡
˵黹Ҫ׷ҺȥڤѰųǸ¼
ԭǲˣµľǲҪĵģ³̫ˣҲȥˡ
ǣĽ뿪֮һһ˵ڵƺҽʺͼ˵̸Ҳһһ֪
ʲôڤҹ֪ô
ڤҹ£飬ʵ˷ѽ⡣
˵ˣԹеڤҹϾͺˣΪҪǣġ
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ⶼҪ飬Ҹ˵һȤ¶
ЦţĿ˻³̶˵ϡ
뿪ƺʱĶүͻš
Ϲ˵ɲǺϱ飬ͼı죬ҪţڵҴ򲻹㣬ҲҪҧɡ
˵һ³̱ŭ𣬲ʱһĻз֮顣
Ҳݣܱܲ¶˶ĵı飬߸ʲô
ǲϱҵİǾͶʼɰѣϱ˵ǰɣ
³̺ٺٵЦţЦıжôļˣԻֵȼĻʱ˿̵³̱Ȼߵȼһֻɫ
ԺҪעˡ
˼ȻѾϣҪȫ׼ӦʱػᷢΣգȻδ棬ɴɭֿ֮ԷĳԲưոݵġ
һ㣬ʲǺ峤йϸôĺͺˣˣ˵ʱ±ӦóΪʣΪһЩˣ׹Уӡ
⼸ڲݵʱҲһЩĹ£ŵ˼˵ıˣ֮һжڵƻõһС
һ˵ҪϸϸƷ˱󷢺
ˣϾ顣
š
ҹɫǣ˸˱ȥһٺõģ˭֪ȳžͱ
ʮү¶ô
ȻУĺ¶ء
ʮүЦЩأЩ죬ͷԡ
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Ȼҹɫڻûб˷֣վڸ¥֮ϵĻϺ͸ߺ۶Ͳʮү뽪һ˵Ϊ
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ȻĻ֪Щʲô
ʲôõģ⼸Сһٶȣټ½ϱͷĽ̵ڰ֮ھԻʵķԾ
ߺ۸Լһ裬Ĳ㣬һ
ҵЩ漸⣬ΪʲôͻȻǽãֻΪĵĸĸôڶ½үΪѡǰ˸ӣǵ˶Ǯ
ߺ۰˫ۣ˼µ⡣
ĻϿڴߣӶеȣڻӦŸߺʳ⼸ûƷ⡣
һʵ˼Ī⣬һΪĺͽİݵĹϵһӦúǸԤйأڶ֪·үӵĴ޽˸ӵĸ½үӵ·֮һҲ˸Ƿʸ̳²ڵ
˵ʱĻǺðŵӸһȡ
أСѾͷǵǮ
ʯ
һߺ޶ֵʱеĲ豭ˤ˵ϣǱҪôľ㵾жôľ㵡
࣬٣
ûɣʯҵ찡
Ļϣ뾡һа취ӼС˶аǮ׹
Ȼ˵
ǱΪЦǽһɭʮүǰ¥Ľĵ˸оĪ
ôоɭɭ䣬ǲҪðˡ
˵ҲһֱƵĸо
ʮүǰ˸ʮү˳ŽֱߵС˺УǴӺеĺŽġ
ʮүʲô
ʮүҪ˰ɡ
ӣȻк¶ˡ
ʮүһۣСջ
ˣ
֨һʮүƿǣƻͨĴһߡ
һɫĳ˵Ǻ׷룬쳣˫֮еʢӸҪʼ֡
ͷЩ졣
ⲻǺϴүô¹ǵЧôô
㼸СһƱ߶ʲôݼ½ˡ
ʱһֱ׶ǰǵںɭмһֻ׶ߣеҪߵļơ
׶½
Ͽ¿˿ߣ˿ſ߽µĵ׶ֿ˿һЦʮү
ʮүôһ¶
ǰһжģǰ߲Ѱ֮Ǻŷɥϴ½

1323 ˵ǹ

1323  ˵ǹ
أϷǵżºȱ裬Ǳߺͱ˵
һ輸Χƣ½Ų豭һ¸صģµİ˸ӡ
˭֪˸Լ֧˲輸ƮɢڷĹϹʳٲȻһҪµļơ
ʮүϰ˸ӵҲ˵ʲôֱڵϣΧڲ輸ԱߣһߺȲһ˵Ŵе⡣
ǡ
һϷⶼûطˡ
֪ʱ½ҲͲסįߵɣҲżһ˵Լ⡣
ι˵ͷӵĳëôĲˣ˰ѻ˵ǷǷĴ
ʮүԹĿһ½½ץһѹӣһ߿Źһʮү߶߶
˵ʮѾ˵ˣϷ򵥵˵䡣
ɤӣ½˵֮Իԭʲô
Ϸûʱˣʱ佫һΪǰѸˣףǰ̤񾳡
½ֱ˵˵Լˣ֮ǰҪҼͽܣһΪ׳ȥҪȻײͿϧˡ
ǡ
ģ³̣κȣų磬԰˸ŹӣŲˮȫʮү½Ļ˹
ǲţ
š
˸ͳһҡͷžйˡ
½ǿǺһһĸ֣߲þ峤궼ûŪ½֪½Ϊ񾳵ΪҪǿ
½ڽ֮ǰΪǣУֲϵڱĺ¶˭˭ɵӡ
ȥϷNɇN˷ѿôãȨˡ
½ǰȲ˵ҪڸΪ飬˵Ϊʹﵽ֮ϣһ̤񾳣ͬ٣˵ˣ߲þĸ峤ûܰô
֮⣬ڽĸֶ½˵ǲܵ顣
ϷˣΪϷڳѣ
Ű˸С˶ɵ½¼仹û˸һǰļ⡣
Ͳܺúýһô˵ͱ죬Ϸ˵
ʮүͲ´½仰ͻᱬըʱ˵ͽˣߵĹϵὩӲ½ֻܴűΪײˡ
Сǣʮүƭô
ûУʮүǾүүһĺá
ĺʮүʦһ
Ӷ֮Ȼкܶʱûкʮүһദÿÿһʱʮүĵ۰Ű˸˾үүԴԼŮһޱķš
ǺãϷ˵½ͽȷȷʵʵǧȷ
ʮү˽½˵鲢ǻԣȷµ顣
Ȼͬ٣еʱҲ޷ܿĽѣ½ӦµĽ٣ûκƽķ
ٽȻ֪ԼĽ֣½ΨһԸռͽܣʱǰİ˸ӳˡ
ʻǻۣټԸ񣬶ʮַ½θڡ
ô˵½ǰҪΪͽܣ
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ѽѰˣѾʦˣʦѽʦ֪˻ĵġ
ЩѰأҪȻ˰ɣȻ̤ɭ룬ɲʦɽͷΪ˲ܣ˺ޡ
Ҿ˵仰ʮ
˸һһ䣬֮⣬ǲʦġ
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˸ӵģֻĵģ񱻰˸С˵ȥϷˣ
һ½ϣӵĲľУҪȻ½һȥӾ͸ŵùˡ
½ʲô
ʮү½ŭˣһ˽ĵǰ½ʲôľٶ
ʵ½ûд˺ĵˣֻҪһ顣
ǣֻϷˣû˸ҶϷָֻţʼÿǸϷУϷ֮£Ϸ򿴲ˣȻѪϴӶš
£½˦ȥ׶˿ĵˣһҡβ͸½ʧС
Ȼ׶ʧǾ仰ȴԾɻصڿС
½ˣô꣬ûԼǰ˸Ӹô
žһĺ˫ֻƣһĨʤЦ⸡ڴǡ
׶˵һǸղŵһһﶼڼŭ½½ضΪʲôһЩĿǰ޷ɵĸ
˵ԴǼŭ½ֱӷųݻѪϴӶŵĴа˸С
ǡϷˣ
ʮүŷӦŵһжǰ˸µȦףЩӿǽƻ
ʮү½үӵʲôѣ½үӵľҲ޷ô
Щ棬񾳵ͬ٣ɽ֮Ҳͦ׺͵˵һЩһЩ޹ʹĽ٣Զɽٻǻ⡣
½ү񾳸֣ӦòһеĽѣΪΡ½үӸһ˵ĸо
ǻδ񾳣֪еϵϷ򻹼ǵõʱ½Ϊ½ǧٿڵѡ߽ݾ̤񾳣ΪˣĽٴϮҵĽѾ޷١
֮½ֻ֮һ֡
ԭˡ
԰ڵҲֻϵ˼壬Ҳֻ̤֮ܵ󷽿ᡣ
Ȼȥѣʮ壬ϷЩҪ½˵һ˵
֪ˣȻȥˡţǸ½үµʱԵġ
İֽĹӷʮүϣҲǷԴǵ
á
ʮүЦţֽĿͽĵȥ
ʱԭ˦뿪½һλص˴У˿˸ʧķϵŭδɢ
ҪϷ򿴼С˶ʸߣء
Զ²죬ͲĲѧˣֻܴһײô
ʮү½һۣ治ϲƥһ죬ʲôߣǺõĻǻģûӡ
ߣ
߸ͷǲҽ̣ϷҲ봫ҵء
ʮүһ仰½һ¡
飬㻹кðüǧĻͷأһ֮ͽܣҪҪ
ҪԴڲƭҽ뺣֮ϷҪ档
һʮүеŭֱ˵Խ˵Խı±ӵ˺һȺΪ飬ڵʱûбݡ
ԼɫĴҪ׷ϷãܹҰ
½㻹ᣡ
ǧ˸Сһû꣬ſһԵĵ׶ʵ̲ˣֻ뿪ſⴵȷ硣
ʥޣô䵽زˡ
˵۶ᰡ
ߣʮү½˳û꣬һߣĩİ˸ڹŵʯϣĵĿˡ
ǲô
ճ꣬ôֶˣ
ⲻеû¶ôҪȥԵ㣬ֿкóԵġ
ֻҪ̤һҸұַ֤Ӵȣȡ

1324 ѵʼ

1324 ѵʼ
³ָŵǶĻóԵȻ࣬⻷ô
ǸɶҲǲ֪ôϱûб˼
ǿҵ³ſˮȻ˵ϴ

˿³˵ı飬ε̾һ¼˵Ҳˡ
ա
أ˱㱻ʮүˣϴ֮󣬳ŷʢͣʮүĶ˼֮󣬱ߴټ˿ȥС
ĻϺ͸ߺ֪뿪ΪʲôҲȥֹ
űߣߺ۶ŷ룬Ű˽ʧеıӰ
ͷʦô
ͷʦĻЦţЦ˱ɭɭ䡣
Ҫʲô
ʮүŸߺۺĻϣҪʲô
ûɶʮүҲǣҪ½ɣǾȻ֪ǵĺıʿ
ߺ۽תƵʮүͷϣ˵ģʮүǶҪӶüӶųʶ
룬ʮүȻӶźڵĹΪȴԶԶ˦Ǻüֵġ
˵ģߺǲ֪ʮүǺıʿ
Ҫ֪߲þԱ˹򺣵Ľܾˡ
һΪ½ǿΪѾԽ񾳵ΪڶҲΪǸıʿ
˵ûԾıʿԵʮʲôɽⶼСһ

ƨҪǲ뱻߲þ鷳ͲҪ
ʮүûдߺ֪֪ҲڸߺĻ϶֪ͿԣǱ˵֪Ӷűվ֮У߲þ˶ȻٴʹһЩɵֶΡ
ǣ߲þЩӶֲһεˣһһβ١
ߺ۶߲þǶˣҲû뵽ǣӶŽ徹Ȼڹؼʱվڽĵ˵ߡ
¶ԽԽˡ
СϷҪʰأ
ʮүתȥתʱͣعͷŸߺĻ϶ˡ
Ϸ˵˸ʯע⡣
ܣô
ʮүģҵȻϿǮ
ĻϵĻֱ׵˵һ£ǲʯġ
˰ˣԼȥɡ
ʮүУ˸ӶߺۺĻҲųɳģֻҪֵ̫飬Ը־ȥְɡ
ߣߺۺĻ׼ʵʩԼĿǮƻһߣȫȻ֪ԼǮǮҪİ˺С
ԾǴӲŽУڣ½ѾȺʱˣڳϿŽĹӡ
ˣ
ǡ
ģκȣų磬ԣ³̣һſվ½ǰ
ϷǹʼߣԲΪѽΪϰɡ
½һӣһǰ
½үӣʲô
ɳѰɳֱ϶԰ɳȻʮȦʲôʱ˾ͿԻӶˡ
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ҵƨǻĹ׶ûдʵ
½߶߶ƱƵһ䣬˿ˣеĹСķϣָطĲ֮ˡ
Ϸ򲻵òϣǰ˸ǧѵһţеţֻҪӦ˶Ե˻ԵԽǿľ֮С
ҲΪˣ˸ӵĻײȣһӣ޽ݻһ𺳵ĸоɵػȴι̡
˸Ϊʵԭʹеٶ̫죬иϡ
ڻʲôȵؾ̤񾳶ɽ֮ʱֳˡ
Ϊð˸ܹ̤񾳣ܹȫǵĶɽ٣бҪõķӵΪ
˵յĿγ̺ܼ򵥣ÿֽϰɳȦʲôʱʲôʱؼҡ
ȥ

̾һĿ˿ˣǰԼֽϡ
ȻЩˬ½ү˵ûһа˸˵㡣
ʦҲ˵˽ٶȿ죬ŵҲȱ㣬ջ֮Щȱν鷳
Բۣأ
ɳȥ󣬿ȴصľˡ
һɳˣοɳ
³̵˻˵Ϳ˽Ļκȣκȡ
ȣ㡣
ųһɳ׼Լκֵȴκֹˡ
磬Լɡ
κЦţʾų֣ЩҪԼ˷Զųһˡ
Ǳĩһӣѡ
Ǽֲסˣʱߡ
š
ųκȣҲ
˸ȫװÿϰʮֵĳأǽһۡ
˵ʮȦˣȦѾллˡ
Ӱ쵽ϣûг緹ûֱԲ˰գ˸˶ûʮȦ
УˣˣҪ
˵³ˣҲ۵ȡ
ɳһڽǵΪֻԭʼܷܶΪġ
ָоֻصħѵǶʱ䡭һָоǶʱΪпᡣ
Ͳˣ
֪ʱǰ½żȣԵǽһ
Ȧѣ۳ˣˣվȦɣ
£½۲˵İ˸ˣתȥʧӰ١
̱ڵϵ㿴ҿ㣬½Ŀ⣬Ҫ۵վഹ½ͷӡ
ϣУȳˣҴ
գ˸˱˴˲ŻصӶš
ԲۣզˣҹһΪء
ֵĸߺۿŰ˵Ƶҹ֮У඼챻˳
֮²ſǰ˵Ӱ˲ǹ
զôء
ǻˣ˶ڹ棬ȥϴһ£͸Ƕ˷ȥ
ʮүſɻǲ˹֪ҹڿϵƣ֮ʱбᶼôĵˡ
ʮүҶ
ļǰ󱳣òŵ˵ܳһͷܡ
У۵˷𣬿Ű˸˵ĳ࣬ߺ졣
½ǰǲеˣ
糿ȥʼڵĺҹ˸˲Ż⼸ֽ϶ɰɰʯʮֵأס֮˵ΪУΪ
ߺһ̾½ǮȻҵôɰһҲ˵ǡ
ô˵ɣҲֻܰĴɰܲ
½Ǽһе֮ˡ
ʮүۣͬʱҲһЩЩΡ
Ŵ½½ѵ˸ӵ飬½ôżҵҲð˸ӰɰʮȦ

1325 թû

1325 թû
½ϼһֻ˵ð˸ȦȺôȦʮȦģǾͺûϵ
½ı׼˸ӰɰȦѾǳ
еڼһ׷֮󣬼³һ
ԱĸоҸ
˸˭Ҳ붯뵽ջҪѵֻҧصԼķ䣬򵥵ϴ֮ϡ֮С
ա
һһ豭ڵϣ̵Ĳˮõǡ
ߺ۵ɴ˫ۣű³ˤĲ豭ۿģһ˲䣬۵׵ˮӿ
ҵĲ豭ǰ͸ҵ룬ܽˤ鰡ҵĲ豭
ߺ۹ǺĲҽصӶڣ֪³ˤ˸ߺİĲ豭֪ĻΪߺѾȥĸȥһΡ
壬ҲǹģҲ֪˰
³ҲˣȲ裬ҪȥУһһز豭˵ϡ
Ĳǹģ
ҵĲ豭
ߺۿ޵ĸǴҲ˹ŵѵĲ豭Ϳ޵Ǳĸ塣
豭Ǹϴĸ֮ǰΨһôˣҪ޸ĻȻһʲСķá
ް޸öǮҶүǵĿ޳˰
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£ߺתߵ֮£Ҳ֪óӣӹ˷룬ƱҪϵɱ
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İʯУȴʼնż򣬰ŵѾ͸ϷĿġ
ˣǻҪȥѵܵʱ䡣
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ʮʯ
ߺһʮ۸ûлء
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£һӣһʯڸߺۺĻǰ˸ת뿪Ӷš
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һʯҲڲ豭ϲŸģҪǼȥѵǲŲóһʯƽ¶ء
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ϡôҾͦõģ¶ݵĶ١
ߣߺۺĻһοƭʯһߣǰе˵ŽҪעһС
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ţĻ϶ҪǵǮһʯѾˣٴһʯ
ҡǱƭô
ŷӦ³Լթˣʲô豭ʲôĸǰ񣬶ǸǮĽڡ
㲻װɡ
װ³һۣҲ֪½үܴܲڸ³һЩ̡
У½үӲڣ׶ת½үӵĻ
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ɳã˸һδӺгǿʼȦ
۰۵޷ݡ
ֽ֪ϰŵɳɰһɳӾʮʯļǮ˵ôɰʯ
ɰͺ˼һס˵Ϊ
ںܾǰרɰΪľħΪκΣɰƣˮ𲻴ߣʲôħ޷κɰ
գɰΪ֮
˸˵ڶĽҪȵһһЩΪϰɰĸظоֱҹֻǣȦ룬˰Ȧ
ղ·ϳǵʱʵһζҪȥ
߰ɣĶˡ
һûԶȻȵĵҩ
Ҳ˸ۣõҩʧҪȻҪˡ
ϳǵС̯λǰֻİѣ˸˸ɴһԵϣһжһ裬ӳ⽡
úó԰ֱ˼ζ
̯λϲһʼסˣгԷģɿŰ˸ӳԹĻ磬ϲǾȡ
ԣԿ˶θá
ϲٸһ衣
ӦϲѾôˣոճʢ
ϲôôڰ̯
ϲһͷ׳͵Ǳѹĺۼķеףڰ⽵ϲ
˵СӲˣⲻŶǮСӿô˵ֻҽʦӵĲ
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ǾۼŸָȺÿȺииҵˣ屾ʥһȺڽֱ̯߰磬ƣҲˡ
ҳԱˣǸˡ
š
һһϣͳʯҲϲǰ
лˡ
ʹʹãҪôǮЩʳҲһӰˡ
ʯ˵ǿһʾ޿
ϲűǣԵ֣ο㻹ǡ
ǰϲθů࣬Ժÿ϶Ҫ鷳㣬ЩǮ͵Ƕ𡣡
³Цţ˸˻ָߣ߿ϵʯ³һڻ֮
ڰʧ֮£½֪ʱߡ
զ⼸ͽǴƷʶһһİɡ
ʱѾ͵״̬վֱ壬һߵ뷢ɷǡ
½ôǵǴδʦء
ȥ˵ô˷УҺôҲʦ֣ܲһΪ֡
½ʦܣҲǾĴߣֻƮһҲΪ½⿪١
أʦͷߵʱʦܸһЩֽǮ㲻ء
ڻû㣬˰
½һۡ
˵ʦܣһʦֻм¶㡣
½ˣڲһˣĸµʱ䣬پͻή٣ʱᷢʲô˭Ҳ֪ԣȥ֮ǰȽһ齻ȽϺá
˸ӵô
ʦôôأ
½ѵÿ˭˭ģ˸Ӳһ
ǹغغɭڽĽ֡
һΪʧ֮󣬰˸̤񾳺ͽʮˡ

1326 

1326 
½Ļڽԡ
٣˭ⲻսᡣ
Ѿ񾳣ɻ޷⡣
Ȼ벻ˣ㾡һУΪΪ䲻ݻپһ
߿һ½û˵˫ֶءǰĿתѾʧʵеİ˵Ӱ
Ľٻһ⡣
֮߿˵ţҲһ䣬½Ҳ֮һЦ
峿𴲣СĶߺµ׼ǰС
һ仰˵úãһ㲻ʮ塣
ڰ˸˸½үеʮʱ䣬Ȼ㿪˸ߺµһ壬վӱĻ϶թĽ֡
Ӷŵıǰ˸˽ӶŵĽ˺٣Ǯɡ
Ļ϶塭ͲܿǣԼŹ򡭡ԣʯô
ʱ棬СССĵӦԣɻǿסĻ϶ļթƭȥһʯ
ÿÿ뵽ˣĵ඼ڵѪ
Ļ϶ЦţЦǽһթ֮£òóʮʯ
ߣ

뿪Ӷţ㿴ҿ㡣
ҪʱסںаɣĻ϶岻ʯǾԲưոݵġ
ͬ⡣
Ϊ˽ʣµİʮʯ˸վںУڱӶźͺеľ̫Զʱ䡣
½үӿһ۰ˣ˱졣
УסϷĺеȻԣϷǴҵķϣһ¾ʮʯļ۸񡣡
½үӣôȥ
죬üһĻ϶ǮƵ⣬½үҲ˵ĲƲ
ŵĵУ͸ߺۼֱһģӶŵˡ
ԭסںеļջǻصӶţΪ˱Ļ϶ıƣÿ첻ǰС
һµʱ䣬˸˶ΧȦֽɰ
˵ÿ컹۳ɹǰ˸ȴоһֲһĸо
ָо޷ݣȷǰ˵ĻһƿӲƿӻƵ֣һʹ񼼻ϹŴе֮Ҫָһʱ䡣
Ǿһµļѵ֮󣬰˸оϢ쳣ĳͼʵ
ҹɫصǣڻ̯˸˻صӶš
ֵǣƽʱӶŵͽ֮Уȴһ۾ڴ⣬Ųӿʲô
壬ôȥϢ
˸ˣҵ찡ϵϢԶĵ׷ë
ָָܷŵˣһϮɫ쳣Ͷ֮续е֮ˣ޷ƿߡ
үү
ڴеӲǱˣҲ벻үүȻ⡣
үүûɣô
ȷ֮£ȷԼû̻ǰ˲Ǳˣ׵ʦ
ģûүү
ǰһ˪ı飬Īڿ֮һ˲䣬˫ֳռۡ
ǳĹذ޷顣
үү
˿ˣϡ
ûмǴĻӦҲ񾳵Ĵߡ
ģôˡ
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ôţϲүүүүרġ
֣ظŽĵĳжʱδģеЦŨҡ
֪뿪֪֮үүжôĵģҪΪָұ˵ƽүүһڽ綼׳졣
ٺ٣òԣڳˣ֪ԼչԼˣүүıǡ
ҲһЦݣǸСŮһߡ
˵ģҲٿģĽģοǸߺۺĻϵˡ
ιǸ˭СѾͷôЦĸƵġ
壬ıŮӡ
εĿһ۸ߺۣݡ
ǰĵĸүүҲ֮ǿߡ
֪Ҳܶ࣬Щ޵ϢҲԱݡ
ֲãΪѾ񾳡

ò˵С˵ĺ̨ǿӲһ֮ϵߡ
Ҳ̬ôǿʵء
үүôģôɭġ
үүڽ磬ɭǵ飬ǡ
ֻ˵Լڽ;ɭʱ˶ڽĵ˵¼ŮʵΪΣȴû˵
үү㿴ǲǿ˲١
԰ԼʵչֳԼ˵ͷ۶֮⡣
ܺܺõĿħԼڶ̶̵ʱھе˾ؾ磬ܲ׻Ҫ
ôı׻Ҫô
Ȼġ
ĵ˶о⣬Ҳʮүе֪һ½ȥϢʲô¶˵
գأ緹֮󣬽İ뿪ӶţջȦ
У½̧ͷǰӳֵʱһ˫׵üëһ
ˣôӡ
Ҫ½Ҫ곤κΣȴһ糣һѾ뷢԰ס
ˣҲԭӡ
ԹԵһԣһ½½Ĳ豭衣

½ôԼˣ궼û棬˵ֲһ⡣
һԵĵ׶һ£δ˸˵̬½˵ǰ˵Ǻηʥ
ӣСҲ޷⿪ô
ССʦҲ޷ƽ⣬˸Ѿ͸û뵽ѾͷȻӣʱɻˣ
֪ĺ˾Ȼүϵ½һʱҲûӦԵǲЩ̫ɺһЩ
Уʦ֪СǽĻ档
½ʶãҲδ
δɻ飬ͽܵĺӡ
ԾͽܵĺҲӦýүŶԣôүү
½ǲ⣬ⱲǲŪˡ
⣬½Цһ֮˵ȻԼɣ˭ýİһһػıͽܡ
ûлش½Ҳû׷ȥ
ţĵڽ顣
ҵˣ
½֪ڽԭΪΣɭ磬Ҳô򵥡
ǧ궼ûҵκټ
еĲ豭Ŀ⿴Զ
ԤԵĩۿҪˣɹȴδҵҡ
İɣջҵģ񲻻Ŀźڰ١

1327 үү

1327  үү
Ĳ֪½֮ĶԻʲô˼Ȧļ˻ص˺С
үү³̣ų磬κȣԣ
һűĩÿһˡ
ǰá
ǰá
˹ʺã̬ȺͶ½֮ʱ̬ȼֱˣĳＸλƽ⡣
ʲô˼ôһı飬ôţϷʱ䴫ΪŪ¡
½үӣһǿɶȦ
ֽ̧ţʾһµʱʲôûֻȦңֽɰһģÿصӶŵʱͷ˯
⻰Ҳڸ½ڵĻĲˣҲǸýˡ
һԣеĲ豭һ˫Ц֮⣬ŽԼߵ⼸ӡ
ò˵ЩӶ츳ߵĺ󱲣
Ҳǣ½һ￴ϵģضǷƷ
ǰǰĽҲǹģһүүǡ
֮ǰʹӷĿе֪СһĴڣһнյĳɳ벻˹ϵġ
⣬ڽܽύཻѣȻˡ
үү
ĳ˳˵䣬˿һһΪүү
У
½ƳƳ۶ǲı顣
óһЩұȺС˶ӱ㲻֪жߵж
һϵʱ䣬İ˸˶ߣǽģʮֺүүΪ硣
үү͸˵˵£ʲôϡ¶
Ҫô
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˸ͷһ磬һʮأһڴı飬ȴ˵顣
ôһ顣
ЦţĸŽĵͷڻ˵֮ʱ顣
ǽһ񣬵֪Ϊ綼ڵ֮ʱ˸˵ĸҪһ̽
Ͼֻ֮ʸȥ磬뿴һ
˵ţţʱ䲻֪ȥһϣɰһҲ롣
֮أһĽˣ
˵ŵĵ£һ񾳵ŮħమˣƵѹƣʹ޷һգѡֻء
ֻ֮ˣ
û֮ˣŮħĹ¾͵սᣬ˭Ҳ֪ĽΡ
ҡҡͷҲǼϧı飬Ͼƺεֻá
ΪβתһһĲճΪˣ뽪İ޳ֻϣŮҲǧٰ֮£ħһõĽ
ˣҲҪȥˡ
ȥˣϻʱ½үӷһء
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ˣ
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үүʮ׺͵ڲʮô㡣
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κȽָһ׹⣬յĳǰڿݵһ˲䣬׺ģȫȻʧȡ֮ˮЦ⡣
ϣ˭ҵĿС磬һμô;ء
㣬үү
֪ɫëǱ˵Ļ˵⻹үүɲүү
ɶ⣬үүҪҪôᰡ
ǰҵĿ˸飬ȷû֮Ǿ档
ˣе֮ձ᲻˥ϣû뵽үүȻôô
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㣬ȥүүȥ׺͵
ϾѾʮ֮һںϳһ壬үүȻ᳤õɭ磬Ҫʮүүүүת׺͵
˵û⣬Ҹߣϻů֡
㡭ܲүү¡
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ЦǽһˬĴӦ˽ĺ뿪ȥѰҷĽİݶˡ
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ԭΪˡʱ䣬ôվߡ
ģүүԼҪȥǵ֮󣬿ڽңҲڽ硣
׺͵Ҳڽ磬ǲǷʲô¶ˣ
֪ΪʲôһֲõĸоѲɷʲôֵô
ޣֻڽߵļ֮أĺֻǱٵڽһЩѡ
ûи֪ڽ緢飬û˵ĺͽİڽεڵеľЩ˵ֻܸͽգ谭С
οԷĺͽİݵΪǶ֡
ƽ±ãˣүүȥףʱ˾ˣûĻ˾Ӧ֮
ǧô
ţ˾ҲѾ̤񾳣˵Ҫȥ֮ʲô
ĽҲ֪̫࣬˾û˵ɡ
ţ˾һƽµģ
˶ˣҲ֮
澹Ȼ֮
뵽澹Ȼ֮Ϊðƽ£Ҳǿġ
һؽ³һĸǾүүʲô
үүǲʲôûң
ûУүүôء
ЦţһظŽĵգһգ۵Ĺ򣬻ŵСӾȻôˣϰ˵ľ磬ǳɳ˲١
һʱ䣬Ķߡ
Ϊ֤ԼѾ׵׵ĳܹչԼһָ࣬Լල֮£һڵˡ
үүζر㡣
үүǺܶ
ڽİݺͽĸŮ˵ĳգᣬ׻˵úãǰˣǰɳ̲ϣĵĳʤ
ļǵãһ궬ĳϦѩƺī˵һεļ꣬СѾͷһ࣬˿Ĳ˾Ҫʳ
ʱʮƽĽһֳ֣񾳵˱ĥкҪֳްԼʮܶرζı顣
ĳ¸ǰЦЩӲ
ģүүĲ
үүģļලָģرء
˵ͷʾıǡ
ѡʳĵʳḶ́ԼලеģڰĹȥһ֮⣬̶̵ʱڣҲʲô۶ӵ顣
ͷӹ˽е롣

1328 

1328 
ʵ֤ôã޷һЩп顣
ñȣࡣ
ɫ˳źθеһ˲䣬ֻúʲôҵĶҩڴ̼θһ޷ݵĸоһθʼܣҪһ
үүզˣ
û¶ѵó࣬үүˡ
Ϊų⣬žôıԵ˻
ɿһӲŵı飬ǰſտҲš
ģǲ뿪Ƕʱ䣬ʲô
Ŷͼ˼ҩ

˼ŵҩѣǲҩ
İԺǳ׵׵ĸɣҪȻĻ
Ϊ񣬷롣
үүķЩ˶ƨˣҪôҲǼƨүү溺ӣ˴üͷ
³ĴָԼľ֮飬Լηľ
˵ӹŵɣݹ۱ĩʷһ˽кý
޷ĵĳȻһЩ⻹Ǻõġ
οŽģ֪÷Ҫ˵ǽԹ⡣
һɭ粢ͣܳʱ䡣
ȵĵѵ֮ʣѾ뿪ˣֻһдĵš
ѾͷѹүүЩҪɭ㡭
ֽϣֽдԽĵĲᣬԼҪȥɭƽ±á
ֽһĹģĺš
ģѹȵǵ񾳣ǰڽȥɵﻹиүү˾ɵǡ
οŽģûвʲôȴүү˵ЩһЩߡ
Ҳ˵ǶߣùΪʡ
ֱүүɭ粢ѣһҪ飬鲻ϵ˸ɵﻹġ
δ˵ԼĹǣ˵ֻͽգΨе˵񾳵֮ǰڽȥʱ֪Ƿȷ
š
ĵ˵ͷһĨǣЦ⸡ڴǡ
֪үүҲǺ·ֱ֮ʱĲᣬϢ뿪ˡ
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ʮүķ˳ǰЦ쳣Ĵ顣
ǰ˸ϵɫ֪ʮүҲûнԭ֪ˡ
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գС
еĴУڳϣһ½δðȥܡ
ڵĻΪҲеĲҲӦýһˡ
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½үӣʲô
ĲĿŰɫֽϵĺ֣һһǶʶЩĻЩ˲ˡ
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Ӧ֪ڵֻǧСеһͺñһ磬ЩӦ֪
š
˵˵ͷ֪˵ģǧһϵֻ֮һ
ǣǧַΪڽ磬ڽڽ磬ڣɭȵȶڽĹ滮ֻ̤֮ǰܱڽ磬Ҳˣڽȥĵضڤ
½˵Źǧľ廮֣ܹΪڽ磬ڽ磬ڽ硣
Ҳ˿еģ磬ֲˣԣ֮䣬ͳĽڽڽڽ硣
ŶŶھڽˣ
ˡ
½ͷַ˵ڶҳֽֽϵĺӻһͼЩͼһ
һҲӦףڵ񲢲񻰹е񣬶ľ磬ڹе񱻳ΪϹ񡣡
½Ծɸ˸˵Ϊ֮Ĳ
񻰹к绽ȵܵǿٵشϹŴЩϹŴϹħս˵ˣŵҲԸڽڽڽ飬еȥ֪֮ټ
ЩͼڽĻ֣Щ߸һߺģʵҲɱ𡣡
½үӣΪѾ񾳣Ϊʲôȥڽ磬߲þЩˣΪʲôҲڽ磿
̫㣬˵֮ҪǰڽôΪڽ绹˶ߡ
ôǽء
½һ´ʲôĻΪֱ׵ĸĴ𰸡
Ƭ̣½Ժ֣ʲô֪ˡ
Ϸ˵ڽҲǷű԰ɣЩ񻮷ָɱΪȹԼȨҪչʵ㽫ִڽ硣
ڽȻǿеֻ죬˵ĵطйĶǣ˭Ҳ¡
Ǻڽɣе壬йΪ㹻ʵۺʽ˸ǿߣܷչ׳Լ
ûޣ˵ЩԱû¶ɵڽ緢չԼĸ
ͺñ߲þɣ඼ڽˡ
Ϊӵͽܣڽʮ֮һŮ峤ͽܣӺ˲ϣ߲þʺҲǶĴڡ
Ȼ˵ΪһĿʱĺƽദ֮վΪԵʦٴδʱ顣
˵ô࣬Ҫ˵жôĺڰôգΪǶôٵ顣
½ҳֽţֽдŹҪķš
Ҳ߶߶Ϸ򲻽ʵõģҪΪеٶ̫죬Ļι̣ϷҲǼһµǡ
ȻҲ½ĶȤζʡԲ˵ˡ
񣬰˸˵Ѿʵȹ̣һҪϵѵ
½үӣɶôŮͼ
۾ǲϹûԱдרŮмô
½³һ죬ȥĺܣʵһӻˮ
׶ȥɡ
ٴαʹĵ׶Ű˱飬ÿһ鶼˰˵Ļ
ˮ
κȿеһˮ򿪵һҳʱ˲㱻ˡ
κȣ˽ˡ
ȸϷ£Ϸлû˵ء
˵
еʵ̫ھʣ½һɤӺסŻع

1329 Ψһķ

1329  Ψһķ
µʱʢᣬҪչУϸϸĲ͸ϵݣڴ֮ǰȰˡ
½˿ŵҩֱǰʾ˽˿ŵҩ¡
ǰĵҩŵҩΧɢɵüͷ
ǡ
ʲôǣϽˣ߶߶ƱƵġ
½ߴŽĸϽõҩɽûгȥ̧֮ͷ½Щ԰׵ɫ
½үӣ⡭ڵĵҩô
ˣΪλǿȻδù˵ڵһźڵϢһǿ
Ϸûжʱɻˣ䵽ʱٽϷڵѣõõˣ˵ЩҩֻϷڵƶѡ
ٶ½˵޽⣬ǵȵʱڵΪ˲ĳЩĵȥɴȺС˵˸á
ɶϽˡ
½ߴŽĸϽȥ
԰ɣ½˵ڵѾȡƳ˵ҩ
׶̾һ֪ڵȡ½صĺѾˣǻҲˣ½˵ʦš
ʱģκȣų磬³̣Ժ˸վ½˴񣬰һεϥأԼĸм֮顣
ǵȻ֪öҩĹԣȻ½үӵĽѾעˣ޷⣬ݶģԶ
ˣôϷЩϰˣϽ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ½ЦţǰһһĵˣĿŰˡ
סϷĻµʱһҪ͸еݡ
½֪ˣе漰Ϲŵÿһ˲ͬдǱ֪ˣɭȻ󲨣ᾪڽЩˡ
ԣΨµ㽫Щ˽䷨ºԶ٣ʱ򣬾ڽ˷еĶҲ޿κΡ
½ˣϵݵڽЩǰô
ȻϷԽ֮УµʱڣϰϵҲᱻڽȺ֪
һٽȻɢʱ֮еκһûضڽȺ֪
ʱᷢһ޷ս
ҵ죬Ǻ½ү˵һϵôǿ󰡣
ߣǿ󣿺ֹǿ󡣡
˵ʱ½Цݱжôĵˡ
˵Ϸʦʮ̫֮ʦЩ鱾ϵ鷨ɶϷʦʤѧľ֪Ⱥڽ˶ӻ᲻
½ôһ˵籦һ㽫鱾˻С
˱飬ÿһ鶼԰˸˵죬½ţ˸һһΪ
ɭ磬ڽδͼ縺ǵˡ
Žĵһɬݣ⻭½뵽˵Լʦʦ̫ʦϰǶʱ⡣
ǧʱɢҲֻµɻ
ģǰֻʱζڣĵȰ˸ӣĻһʱ䣬ۿ˸Ҳá
½үӣܸܲǣٵʲôûκƽķô
½ٵ飬Ҳ½Ҫ֪ٵľϸ
ǰ˸Ȼûʲôռ׿̽ı죬һҲá
ôϷ֮ˣ
½üͷŽĵˣգ˸ӵ׷ʣ˵ٵԵɡ
ϣٵԴͷʮү˵һ
½Ϊ˱Ⱥò˽ݾٶȳ񣬱˾׽١
廹Ǹ壬һ񣬶Ҫ׽٣ÿһ嶼ҪصĹ
ɵʱ½˽֮ûжɽ٣ǽ׽תƵϣȻĸԸ׽٣½֪һ죬ľ׽ٻǧ򱶵Լϣ޷⡣
ʦŵʱ̫Ѿ˵һУһѣһ
ٽźҲǲۿ˸̤񾳡
½үӣղ˵㵱񾳵ʱûжɽ٣׽ٻٽº԰ɡ
ǡ
İ˫һȻ뵽һˡ
ĴӻóһһСڵڵǵʱ֮ºͺ˴ܵʱ򣬱¿ȥһĺڵ
½үӣһӲ֪вУǰҹһǰ峤ڵ
ڵ֮У·ǳҫţİѺڵ½үС
ģٽڵڵֹغ½үǱ˵ڵǲǾͺûϵˣ
ӻȥЩ˼ûпԵġ
磬ֻǼա
Ϊ½үӵʱ񾳵ʱûжɽ٣Ծ׽ϯ٣ƱҪүӵڵ
ڵһ˵ĹϵʮУһڵˣΣյľУ½үӱȻ֮ء
ҲΪˣ½үӲŻὫڵе˵ҩУð˸˷ãڵѾʣ¼ٵά
ǡ
ʱٽ֮ʱ½үڵٵĻһһṥǿڵ
˵ְ취ûа취еΨһӡ
һԡ
½û˵ɢİâİҹڵ
½үӣ°ɣȻǱչҲġ
ǰ½үӣⷨӻĿһԡ
˸һһգ½ڵ
ºϷĶ٣ʱΪ˱м֮飬Ȼл
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ½ڵҸ֪ˣǱչصĵطѾ׼ãǺеηС
İ뿪˺У׼Ҫճ衣
ʧ½ǰ֮ʱеʮүͻڴС
ŵһǲûϸϸһӡ
ʦ֣ҾǵķӿԳԡ
һʼû뵽ӵԭڵҪ֪񲢲ᱻɱ˵ҵڵˡ
㻹ǵʦռһôһҲ˵һĿԡ
ʦֻʣʦ½ˣϣʦȥ
ΨһķӣҲΨһϣ
½תеڵĿĿԶ
ܵʱĽΣ˸Ӿͽˡ
Ķ٣أҲҪŰ˸ǡ
˽УҲֻϣʮͻչ˺ýˡ
º󣬴˸ӳ֮ʱȥʢᣬ̫֮
֪ˣʦ֣
ֻ̫ʣˣǰ˸ĵ壬Ȼ׳̫һš
գأӶŵС
ס˵ĻʲôҲҪ룬ͿˣڣӶŲκε飬֪ô

1330 ໰

1330 ໰
ߺǧ˸ĪҪκε
չһɻľˡ
ģºӶһְ˸񾳵ߣ㳤
Ǳģ۹ġ
ߺۼǸǵģϾغ񾳵飬ߣɰ˸һ֮Ҫɽ١
ģ
Ļߵǰֱֽ𽻸ÿһˡ
ֽ֣дŵһξġ
Ļ϶塭ݴΪ
ǳˣʱǮǣסϢġ
ֽдŵһ䣬䷨Ѿɭʧ֪ĻǴӺε
ǰ˸ʲôֻ֮Ҫһξ䷨ȥ˵һÿһ߶Ҫõ
ֻϧʧǧ꣬ĻҲõģʮүҲȷʧѾõ䡣
ǹغ˰˸˵ȫĻǶȻὫ˵͸ǡ
ȥɣǲõӶţĻ϶ڣУҲᾭȥ½ͷӺȾƣһвصģרбɡ
վӶǰ˸ĳ
ԴӶ֮ÿһ˶ǶչмӣȻţɢĻ϶廹ǲǵթǣһǼС
Ű˽ʧеıӰߺ̲סеˮ˳Ļϵᡣ
İһһģ²°
ĻĳԼ䣬ӶеԼ͸ߺ֮ľ롣
µʱ䣬ڿӵʱ򣬽Ǳ滭档
Ȼ˸ӿӴ
ռ˸ӵĳǿģžϲ
ߺţģ³̣ų磬κȣԣ˸˻һΪĿԴ
УΡ
еĵαʵʵķţȥĳֻһΧ÷İҪ룬ǿܵ顣
½˸˴˺еĵΣÿһһ䷿ӣרĵУ¡
µʱ䣬ҪͻԼסͻԼ񾳡
ֻһżǿִڴˣǵɹʵ䷴ʱĽ롣
͸еһУԵȻ
֪½е⣬˴˿˶Էһۣ׷̤ηС
µʱ䣬̣Щ˵ʱţЩ˵ǧꡣ
Ƕڰ˵ȴصĲ
ηУķ飬еַ·е磬Χһж
ǽģ˸˶оһƬ޲԰׵УΧʲôٻһָоһ˿˿ѹȵڴ
ãİɫУվԭؿܣһգ׵ڸһ
ʱɫʧȡ֮ǽˮ򣬿ֺˮ򡭡
Ĳ·ϣŴߵÿһˣһϤӳǰ
ɵ壬үүף
ǰ˲ǱˣǷĺͽİݡ
ʱһεת䣬ˮһɢڽǰдǧ긮ҵĴլӡ
ס
ǰʲôطĽĿ״ǧ긮߳һթıʲô¶һ

ڷ߳󲻾ãİҲ߳ǧ긮һεЦݿŽʧеķġ
ô¶ô֣иɵүү
ˣ϶˽İݺͷĵģ
˵ߣСߵ·ˣΨнһվԭأǰתֲ徿ʵá
ģ£
һ˫ؽĵ˫У⣬̧ͷҪ˭ΪʲôͻȻһְĵĸо
㣬˭
̧ͷĽĿ˵ݣֻܸоһϤϢϤ
һֱǰߣҪͷ
˭
ĵ¶ʧˣҪ˵ӣҪͷʱһ
ҪͷӦңһֱǰߡ
á
еʣŲߵ˽ֵľͷһ˲䣬ֵӰӻƣһʣһƬãİɫ
ûãɫһʧ类ȾѪɫ
һƬʬɽϣ˵ʬʹ˽ĵġ
ף
ǶǷĺͽİݣİݻŷ뻳һ͸˶˵壬İҲİӡ
ףģôˣôˣΪʲô
еˮϵĵ䣬ѾȥĶˣ˻ŵص֮䡣
Ѫɫ죬ѪɫĵأѪɫĺ޷ݵѪζ֮䣬綼ɱΨнһˣ֮ʬ塣
ڷĺͽİʬĲԶ³̣κȣų磬߸ʬ屻ϣѪȵķ紵߾ʬҡһΡ
ʱкɫȥѪ֮ɫīҲɱɰɫ
ġ
ڽīȫ֮ʱһ˫ؽڻУůڽĶţůǿѾȥġ
һжǻþûκȥǻþ
صڶߣĸоڰķ·սһâů˱ˮһࡣ
þ
Żþ̧֣ͷɫӿʬҰĴء
ۿʲôҪţӦΪ򡣡
Ϊ㡭˭
ԺеʶѾ࣬еĺɫȥ׷Ҳر˺ڷһĨЦҲڴǡ
Ȼĵ๫
ƺҲһӦ˽Ĳ˻þָǡ
ڤҹôʶģ
ѾǰһжǻþĽվǺɫһҲ漴ʧǰããһƬ硣
ˮʼһжǻ롣
䲻֪ΪΣþΪľΪںˣ֪ںǰԹޡ
ΪȻǵķˣʹһЩСֶΡ
ڤҹԶ͸żȤζŨŨ˼
ˣΪ򷽲֪
˭ˣУŮ֮ò֣֮Ȼˡ
ĿŰããܣ˫ֶڼϡ
˵㵽׶ǿڵ㶼ܽҵʶ档
ĺǺ棬ڤҹΪжôǿ֪Ϲħ񣬿ǲе̫̬ˣ޷ܡ
ΪǿҲֻ˳ɻ֮ʱ֪
ڤҹҵţҪҧ㣬ҾͲս
Բۣ⹷Ȼô
ãΪŷҧҡ
УѾֵÿþʵ㡭׼ڿ̽ʶˡ
ֱ໰ִ򲻵ֻˡ

1331 Ϊ

1331 Ϊ
úúãΪҪǵǵ֮ԼʱΪͷһ»񡣡
ӣͷ
İ˿һۣߴڤҹϽʧ
ڤҹʮֲᣬҲ֪ԼȥҲֻ谭УһϢ֮ʧˡ
Ҳ񾳵ģʱҶҿ㻹Nɪ
˫ΪϷ糺ձôĿɰ
УһһĻþǰҲһþϵߡ
µʱ䣬ôһš
ǵڵİ˸бĥߺۣʮүĻϣ½Ҳǳһģÿ춼Ҫİ˸ӡ
У½˺ڵձµޣٽҲǼص֮䡣
ܷ壬½ү뿪ǣԽԶԽá
ţ
½Ҫ뿪ǣʮүͻܵ½ٵϢͬҲ˾׽ٽס
Ҳ˵˸֮Ҫ̤ˡ
ٺ;׽һǣǻᱻݻ٣ǰ˸ӻܵش
ϣܷ½뿪ǣ뿪֮ǰ½ǧһҪŰ˸ȫ۽Ρ
ʱĺдֻʣʮүߺۺĻˣ쳣ء
ʮүҲԼˣȫԸɡ
ߺۺĻ֪ʮүʵݣѾ̤񾳵ߣ׽һ٣Ļ϶˰ﲻæһоֻܿʮүͻˡ
ţǷıǡ
գǡ
ǵǺǲ⣬ôһֱףҲˣƲе׹Ǵδ˿ֲ졣
Ƶ͵ˣ·һ̾ͻк½
զˣ۶ˣ
Ӷ̧ͷĿա
Ҫˡ
ǲǿߣȻ֪⻭ôһ¶Ҫɾ׽񾳣ֻǡǴδǿľ׽١
֣֣
ꡪꡪ
ʱһ׵춯صص֮䣬׵˽һ˲䣬ǵĽٳ˲
ҵ죬ʲô
ŵһ׵£ڶĵ׵Ӧ䣬ϵļǣƺѰʲôһ
ˣ
Уʮүͻú˷󣬵ȴ׽ٽ䡣
ģǼ֮Ҫ񾳡
ǻʮүҲδʱգˣǶоѹĵ
ꡪꡪ
Ѿ֪ٵ׵ǣÿÿһ׵磬ǽݻ٣ǵ汻гһӣ֮ԭԻͰǱ׵ǧٿס
ôһ¶
ߺ۶űС̽ͷȥڼæջӣûб׵С
Ҳ֪
ҡҡͷԭЩĴҴ׵νͣ
壡
ڴʱһص֮䣬еĵξҵĹâ˸ţһƬʮֵҫۡ
׵Ƿ׷׳ɢŹâĵطȥһҪ˵Ӱߵ̬ڰ֮С
׽ٻڲϵ£˿̣ԭںҽµ׵ƺҵԴͷǧۼһ𣬳ǰ˵Ӱڵķ˹ȥ
ãҪ¶
ʮүͻһԾҪԷ赲ǧ׵磬˸Ӹճأܲǿ׵硣
ʮүް
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ˫ָеȻģƺ׽ٵĽ١
ǧ׵ڰ֮֮ʱ˻Ϊ˸˻ᱻ׵гɻɢؼ䣬˾ǣǰ˷ǵûˣ֮ûһվԭء
ྐྵӲжʱûˡ
Դӽָóһѹӣ˸˿ܾ˼尾˵ɿڵķˣξδմδԹһ
Բۣкö㲻óԼԶʳġ
³ŹӵζÿˮҪˡ
ʲôóԵĶûԹһȥĳԣ
һȥԷ⣬Ҫȥ¥԰ɣǵķ˻θڡ
ɣһСƣҪӡһҪԴѼ
ҪѼ
֮󣬰˸ԾһȺĴѼɰ˲֪ǧٿףҸųԷĵضѡ
ǻԸƨǶˣܲȽ˾׽ٰ
ߺһɤӺ˳Ҫ±һȥ˿˵Թӣװʲô
¶ʲôˣ̵ĳԳԳԣǰǶͶ̥ô
Բۣզˣôưܳӣ
ߺ۲˵ã£˸ſΧһУѾٵĲˡ
׽٣
ǵıǾ׽٣Ҳ֪ԭΪΡ
ǰ˶ɽ٣Ҫ֪˸˵ľ׽ǿɲһܳܵ˵ģǣнָ壬κ׽١
׽һʱҲͷֻϹҴԣǾͳӡ
ʮү׽ôʧ
ûӣµھŵ׽ٱɣǵڰ˵׽٣ֻһ׽ˡ
ʮүҲƣ񾳵߶Ҫܾ׽ľŵ׻߰ȥ׽С
Ȳ˵˸һ̤񾳶ɽ٣˵׽ٶȫûκ˺һʮ־㵡
Ŷ
ꡪ
˵ĵϵھŵ׽ٽ䣬ǰδе׵ۼһĹâ
һ˲䣬ǹâ˽İͷϣһڵĺбΪƽأҳһݵĴӡ
ںеǰתƣû
ھŵ׽ٽ֮Ʊ鲼һ˲ɢ
ǧٿ׵ĳУѾ޷ݡ
Ӿ֪ȺС˶һ̤񾳡
ߺһֱɤ۵ԭλӶŵİ˸Ӳ񾳣ĳ
ʮүĻϣӶŵÿһ˶ĵ׸ˡ
ǣΪ侲Ļȴüͷ˿Щٵǣתͷ˿˷еĸߺʮүͻ
ǲҪһ⳥ˡ
⳥ʲô⳥
һ⣬ߺۿĻϣɶ⳥⡣
žĻϴӻọ́졣
˸С˵ɾ׽٣׽Щǣ֪˸ӶŵˣʧѣѣѣʧѵȵȵȣӰ˼
ĻϽϵչָߺۿһڿϾ޶ֻǣߺһƨڵϣˮ۵һ
ʮүզ찡ҾӶˣⲻ𰡣
޿һʮӴľ޿Ӷźòļҵ׶ȫҪ˸Ӳƨˣ
ԽԽģߺۿ޵Խǲң

1332 ڵѪ

1332 ڵѪ
Ӷ˵İ˸˽񾳣Ϊ˲顣
ϾӶһ񾳵ߣӶ˵ĺϢɭߣڶ
ʱӶų˰˸ǿߣЩǿ߶ʮ߰ĺӣܲǻ
Ӷŵǵźףһϲ¶
ǣ֮⣬䱯˵Ӷŵÿһˡ
һʢ쵽ˣμʢĿɶ񾳵ǿߣӶа˸ǿߣȻȥμʢᣬǰɣμʢҪѵģÿһߵıʯ
ǷǰĻӶŸں˸˵ıѡ
ѾڣӶѾûɶǮˣ⣬ǵڶ˵顣
˸˶ɽٵʱ򣬾׽ĴҴǶҪһˣڻ㱣ĳòʵϺͷҲûɶ̫Ĳˡ
ΪˣǴСС̼ҶӶǰҪ⳥
һĻ˵ⲢһⰡǵⰡ
ʵʵ˭ðӶŵˣƽ顣
ѾǵˣӶǰԾΪ
Ӷÿһ˶˳еĺʵʧе𷢷⳥Ǯ
Ϊ¼ףģ³̣ų磬κȣ԰˸ſ
ϾǰԴ
Ⱑ
԰˸˳صտʼվӶ⸺ӴǰҪǮƵֻ
һʮʯһ¡
ߣҪǿ;ŸϴķϣҲŲ׵ƹǡ
߽ʮʯ֣תʧȺС
Ҫ֪˵ɶҲҪһЩ
˭֪׽ٻôó֣ǻĹǺô˵ǱӺܲɷֵĹϵ
ʱ䣬ʯѾȫ⳥ȥˣ˵һʯˣһǮò
ӶŵĲƿҲһɶȫ⳥ƺˡ
ʺŮ峤ڵ֪ӶԼ˸˵Ѵ֮˿ӱ޴ǮׯǮɼˣֻǿǿĹһЩ̻Ǯ
⣡
ԸƨϽдǮԷˮȣ
ϴ޵ֱе鼸ɱ֮֮ޣΪ˼С˸ӴĻǰӶŵļҵ׶˳ҪǴ󲿷˿ӶŵϣЩǮԶԶġ
ϴ󣬲Ҳ㣬ǼǿƹݵģЩ׽ٰϷҵľƹݶˣϷô
ľģӶŵΣǵţϻ𰡣ɶ¶ӶţЩǮš
ߺȻԹŽİ˵Ϊʲô¶ԼϣӶϣҪȻҲľҲ˸˳̻ǵʧ
壬Ļ϶壬ʮүλ岮ǵĴΪ
ĵôůˣɿĻǰŵ˫һľֻǣſˮ
˵Ļ϶Ҫˢʲô۶ӡ
׻˵úãǷծǮ쾭壬ӶΪ⳥ǰֵķãѾһëʣˣʺ峤ǮҲϢġ
Ļ˫ַءǰż۾ԽţԽĵ׺ķӿš
Ļ϶壬ɶֱ˵ͳˣǺ£
ȻˣǶҲֻ˵ˡ
žĻǸϤḶ̌
⳥ǮټϢҲˡ
ĻϽ̰ڷǰ߽ĵˣӶŲտζһǷ˾޶ծ
ҵ죬ôǮô
³̸ոµĿˮЩǺԼôҲ벻⳥ǵǮȻôࡣ
ô¶ͶҲǾ֮ˡ
һĻϵĻһѵתɣ
ȻĻϻһתһӿԲýİ˸˳˾޶Ƿ
УǿƲҵϱġ
Ļ˵ʲô³˫ءǰĻֻǻġ
žһϤ£һƴ³̵Կϡ
ǲв˵ꡣ
Ŷ
³ŶһĻ˵ŲûǮķӡ
Һ͸ϴʮүԼλֵһ£ֻҪǰ˸ȡʢǰʮɲó
ļٵģֻҪȡǰʮͿô
˫һĻϡ
ΪʲôѵҪأǰʮô
ȱ˵̫磬μʢĿɶǸ½һĸ֣ȫ񾳵ߡ
ϵı飬Ļףǰ̫ˡ
ҪһΪãΪʺ峤˵˸еκһ˴ɭʢǰʮԲó
ĻϲδˣżϵĸģȻǵ͹ʢߵʵ
İ
ʮүԼбҪʢԺͰ˸˵Ͼǿʢᣬڽ̤߶Ҫμӵľ
ʮү˵
ʢᲢôɣ½үүμʢҲ˵ʮ
½Ϊ˵ɭһĴڣǾԵǿߣǧǰʱ½̤ûʮʱ䣬øʢٿ
ңʱ½ڽʮ̫֮Ϊʦ̫Ľ̵£½Ϊ˵Ǵг
ˣ½ҲʢʮĳɼʱΪһʱ䣬̫𿪵ǶҪԼʵˡ
Ǹո̤񾳵ģҵ񾳲սᣬһȫµĿʼ
̤񾳵ȻЩѾõǿߣ˵ǰʮˣǰһǺѶˡ
ĶʮүĵģҲΪʢᶨȻᲨأΪ˲ûծҲΪ֤һʱûȹ
ǰɽ𺣣ҲҪμʢᣬ֤һԼʵ
ʮүģǼȻѡμʢᣬ;ԻռͷǿСȴǺ۸ġ
ҪǲûǮôǮҪɶʱ¶˵ȥμʢȽϺʡ
õһڶǰʮҲҪȵġ
ҾϲֲҪƷʣȻˣμʢǮӾ;ַҲǴˣձǰɭ޳ǡ
ڴǰɭ޳ǴҪʮʱ䣬ü
߶ɢˣɣǴˣ
ҪǮծʾ⽪İ˸˺úϢһϣȵ̳ǰɭ޳ǡ
գģʮүһӲˣһӶǰ˸˰Եʳ
ȥɭ޳ǵʱҪúõչԼɭ޳ǲǣȴǵ飬ӶȫȥǼ

1333 Ļô

1333 Ļô
ʮү֪˵ʲôΪãɭ޳ǱǻҪΣգǷʲôֲߣ
ʮүģǻúõչԼ
ЦŽǵŮԴʮүЦ⡣
ʱߺۺĻһöָһǮǰ
ָǰ˸μʢıѣǮѣʡŵ㻨ɭ޳ʲô󣬾˱ˡ
ߺ˲ִܴŵĻǮɭ޳ǲǣҪɶ¶չ˲ϡ
Ҳİɣķ˲Ԥ飬ܾ¶
ԣܷɶ¶ȫҪ
ˣʰʰɡ
ѾӶŵ⣬ĵߺĻʮүһ˵ǰɭ޳ǡ
ԽʧеǣʱĵεΣζصÿһ˵ͷ
ɭ޳ǷȥʱһħȻ֣ɫĿ֪ʱ˽ߣԹԵĴӽùӡ
˼ңôֺܲò
Сӣ㼸զˣ˵ˣڿǷ˺üǧʯһһɶ𡣡
ɱģĿ־䶼Žİ˸˸ɵĺ¶
˵ǼСһ֮ЩǸˣ⵽ϢʱʵЦһ磬ǣǵôģ
񾳵ߣǶɽٳɹϢʮ¸ָ˾ͷ˸Ӳڶɽ֮գǰЦ顣
ԣ˼Цǵô
ʲô˼ң˫˼ϳƺ
Ŀһ۽ģ˸һ飬һŹһߺ죬ΪҪıʢ֮ʱ¡
Ƕʢô͸¶һ£ܻöʡ
Ŀ˵ĻټһԵı飬Ŀ˿ܾһӻˮ
ɶҪûɱǲɡ
ʶģǻ˴ǮѹϣңʮħҲѹ˲Ǯأ͸¶㣬߱ԤԼʵȡöʣһע
ĿЦķ˵ʮħڰ˸Ѻ顣
ȻʮħҲڰ˸˵ע˭㲻ö֪ˡ
ֻ֪עŮ峤ҲעӶŸǽеϣѹ˽İ˸˵ϡ
һĿѹɡ
ЦˣǱСǣʢһĶϰЩͷߣȺСϵӵķݶ
Ŀ˸ˣֻʢĹԼǴδġ
˵ǰʮĻϣһе㳶ˡ
զǵʵȥĸʮ߰ˡ;񾳣ֻǣ
ҲǣҪǸʮʮʱ䣬ҪȡʢֵλҲǲܵģֻϧǸո̤񾳡
Ǿ仰ҲֵȼǰڣڣڣԼ񾳣˸ֻСǰڵߣк񾳵Ķ֡
ˣͲ˵м
֮רŶԽĶԣҲҪĿġ
ʲô¶
ڸ˭ԣ汻ħ˽ˡ
˵ǽ㣬˵ѹ˵֮УҲǹֺС쵰ħеĵλ޷ȡûжԽκص˺ҪŶǸ⡣
⹷Ҳǽ¶ô

ĿȷĿеĹָľħˣ⺢¸ңҳƺħΪģҲֻнˡ
˵鱾Ѿ˵ˣܸܲĻǵԤƶʣͱ͸¶һ¡
һ
ǣ
ɫħɢ֮һʧĻĿ
ǵľٶǣ˲˵ߡ
ʧ˵Ŀ
չ֮ǰǼ飬ҲǸú˵˵ʱˡ
ģ㲻Դ̤ɭ֮˶ǵټʮָȤô
Ļһ㣬ɭ粢żȻΪʲôܾ˶ǵľٶ˽һ
ȷ˵ǰ˸˺ʲôϢϢһǲǱʲôʲô¶
ңүүҲԲֻô򵥡
Ļнɻһ㡣
ֻǵʱֻԼģûж룬һ˵ټĿ˵Щ飬ýĵŨҼ֡
ɶ
³һ±ƵĿŽĺȫ˵ʲôʲôȤֺүүʲôϵ
û¶
˼֣ĺ˵һЩ˵Ŀʲô
ĿΪΣ
Ҳ֪ǵɭ޳֮󣬶ȻҪСĲǡ
֪ˡ
ǵɭ޳ǴҪʮ·̣·꣬ټŮ飬ͣһСϢһϡ
ǣСͲټʢἴٿСĿջΪѣ˸ֻͣСϢ
ȼշžҵ͸
˸ΧԣץҰζΨһοˡ
취ŪһЩǮҪȻ
̫ÿһ˵ĵ˵ҪǮ
ȥɣզ
Ҳ⵫־ˣ񾳵ȥǮƣȥЦ
ӵĿ³һۣʾϽӡ
ҪǲеĻûˣиԩͷǻȥɭ޳ǡ
³˫Ժһԣ߶߶š
ʱһŻȴŢĳ⣬ڿһ˵ʱǿϣһ
ҡң
˵һĻ㿴˱һһ˺󱳡
һӱһ߷ɣ󱳺ݺݵײϣһѪӿǽһҡ
Ǹӹȥʧǰ
źڲ˫͸ɱеĳڻ֮˸ź⡣
ȡң
תͷģеϣȫ˽ĵϣֻϣܰһ
ߣүҪ־Ҫɼ̫ǮˣЩ˲λճӻصɼңֻöԲסˡ
Цǽһ⣬еĳ㿴򻪷ˡ
ɾгµ˲䣬һүߣ赲˺еĳ
ˣҾȶˣ
ƾ⼸СͷҲӢۣãȻˣӳȫǣ
ɱָû˷У˸ֻǰ¶ĶŮѣɱһ࣬ɱȺүһ»Ȫ·ҲиӦ
ι˭
³ĵùһ¶ˣֽţ׼Ӵһ
Դӵ֮󣬻û˽ֹֿвǣҲˢӵǿߡ

1334 ү

1334 ү
ԭ³źȺ˺úõشһܣԸΥȺ˵Ϊֵһᡣ
ȻɱҲ벻İ˸ŮȻǿΪ
ǡǺˡ
Ӷţô˻ܰ
³Цķղ˵ٿɲˣҺڳԺڣȺϹ۾Ļˡ
ˣзŹǵĵ
֪ǶԷĶ֣һۻԲѵүҲ˽޷
û뵽˾ȻӶŵˣ
ȵȡӶŵİ˸ŮĪǾЩΪƽЩô
࡫
ɱſˮһ񾳸ֶܰŪοǰˡ
Ǹʲôλ飬һСЩТλġ
ɱָ뵽ԼʲôˣɼҵүȻ֮У˸ҲǺǵĽɫ
Ϻǣʯ治١
ŵʯǮٶʯӡ
ǷǰĻǾԲ࿴ʯһۣǽʱͬˣȱǮʮȱǮ
ٸʯڵıĩ˸˵ѾǾ޿ˣһĿ൱ɹ۵ľ޿
ɰɣҲԩ޳𣬼ȻôϵǾͷǱǡ
ʾƿһ·ɱЦǽһм
Ͼ˲ǰκһ˵Ķ֣οǰ˸һˡ
ɼҴүʱض䵥ֻҪղصɭ޳ǣǱлɱү
ɱţ뿪δԶ˸صĵطȴү䵥Ȼɴɱү
ʱУȰΧڻԲѵүߡ
ղ˵Ļô
ǮˣɼҵĵճӣһǸ֮ҡ
ĴžܿóѰ֮ҪȻ
ҩҩԡ
ˣ
׻˵úãһʤ߼ͼǹܲţүһʮǮ
˸ȱǮ֮ʣٺ٣
³̣ѻ컹飬˵ԩͷԩͷ
ǣ˭
³Цţүβ֮󣬻Եү˹ΧԼߵİ˸һ㶡
˭
ʳ仰֮үƺʲôһοΧȷԼȫ֮׹ǰİ˸˾Լ
Ǿ˱үô
۹⣬ҪǵĻͱ˸ʬιˡ
ĶүСӳûӦòɡ
ιǲ㣬Ϊ˰Ȼķ˲Ĳҩ
üͷһһү˵Ϊ˾Ȼ˶ٴۣԡ
лλľ֮
лֻ֮Ͳ˵ˣӶһġ
ү˵ǰӶʱүһ
Ӷô
ʵӶ
ǡͱүɭ޳ôǮ˵Ҫٸ٣ֻҪүƽµ͵ɭ޳Ǳɡ
үȫ֪Լ仰׽ȥˣȫ˳Ļߡ
ô
װΪѵӣ˿үֿ˿ⲻԶĺɱ֡
λҲ֪ҪɱɱΪͣȻӶҲҪǰɭ޳ǣǡ
֮Ļû˵꣬˵ڵĻ㱻үˡ
ûϵҪǮǾܿڱǣʮʯΣȵɭ޳֮ټӼ۶ԡ
ȻүôģӶҲƴǣУ񡣡
ˬĴӦүȫκʣΪʲôү
˸˻үǰɭ޳ǣͽʮʯ
Сǰɭ޳ֻҪ̶յľ룬Ǵ˭ҲƤӵɱү
үȫޣɭ޳ɼҵĵӣͽĲ²һ޲Ǵ壬ǸߵȾĳɻ
ȵȣ;ɻ飿ѵᱻƲô
ܹܸʷԼ飬ħԼĽ϶ûк³޾Ȼ͸ߵȾĽᾧˢ۵˸е㵡
ʵǣ޾͸ߵȾĺӣ޵ĸ壬ĸǾ塣
޵ĸĸʣ֮󲻾ñ˫˫ѣֻʣɼҵĳ߸޳
ΪǸߵȾ幫ĺӣܳ谮˵Ҵʼߣֻɼҵĳ߲δУѡ˴̡
һΣ޴ӳǹ·ɱ֣ŵҲһһڹؼʱ˽ĵȰӶ
գ֮ϡ
֪λǰɭ޳ǿк£ǿԵĻү԰һЩæ
ΪӶǰһİĳбȻԼɣΪĴۣܼķΧܣٰİ˸ҲǺõġ
޶ڰ˵̬ȺǺƣһΪ˶壬˫Ҳ¡
Ҳүǰ˸ʵҪȥɭ޳ǲμʢᣬֻǡ
˵һһ룬ĳ̾һһžµСдǳ
ʲôΪѣźͱү˵˵
Դ˫ۿĵĵһۿʼ޵Ŀδڽ뿪˵һС
ǲϲ޿ĵĿ⣬ǰһ˶֮䡣
ˣǮǵȻϲˣ˶ͼıĻһ˵ˡ
үٸֶİĵĻСӿȥ
ͱȽֱˣޱ˼
֮˽֮үֻͣа
ЩΣڿĵһ˲䣬Լҵš
ү˵ҲӦ֪˭ˡ
Ϊˣ˼ܣȻ֪ǰ˸ǣһӶҪȥɭ޳ǲμʢᣬӦ֪˸˵ˡ
ΪЩ˷棬ӶΪ⳥ѾһǮʣǰ˸ȥɭ޲μʢᣬ˵·ˣǱѶò֡
ң˵Ӷεѣ˵ǰ˸˶ôôңүͬһ㣬Ű˸˵Ѵǽġ
ķıǣλʢᱨѱүȫȨʱȱסɸʲô龡ܿڡ
ðɣ鷳
ƴһЦţô᲻֪Ρ
һΪ˱ﱾүλľ֮Ҳλһʱ䡣
ǺðɣȻүô˵ˣҲƴǣǾͶлүˡ
ĵлЦţڻعͷʱЦ˲ת˼թ
Ժȫ˲˵μʢıҲ˸ˣǾͿ˽̸ıˡ
ˬ
СħһЦڽԽŨţһֻЦţδԡ
Ϊа˸񾳸ֵĻͣһ·ϵΣͳͳɾɱָǲ⣬ǰ˸ô͸߲ˣȥɭ޳ǣȥɼɸ

1335 ҹ˯

1335 ҹ˯
ۣ
ȥ
ݳޡ
ֺܻ롣
סլǹ
ǰû棬һݵˣɭ޳֪֮ʲôзɼ֪֮ʲôǮ
ɭһ̼֮ңͥԺ޽ĺͻʹɶ𣬲ԣʹ֮ȶҪѷһ
Ůģһˮ⻨ġ
صɼ֮󣬰˸˱ŮĴɼұԺϢźǽһ΢
ıԺУԺеͤڣɼȺһߺŲˮһ߾̾Ǯ˵
ѾǮˣֱǡ̫ôǮˡ
³ҲʵĴһоһУ֣Ǯ
ǵϢԼʮ¼ҳӡ
ôһ˵³ʮ¼ҳӣЩˡ
Ŷӿʮ¼ҵĵճӣϱ¼ٷˡ
žһϤ£˶ûͷȥ
ԣڿʲô
ĳŲӿһе鼮̧ͷ˿ģе顣
ǼɭһЩȤ¡
ָеһȤ¶ǼɼҺ͸ߵȾɻĳʱ콵񣬵δʲô
ƽ٣ֻĹĳطֹǴǣ޶վѵƵƲãʣ֮˫˫
ɭ޳ǲǣʢᱨʱĪҪǣ㡣
ָָ³̣겻׼³¶
ҡôˡҵĻһܻѽ
˵ˣֲ¶µǽĺòá
λ
ʱǰӵһȺŮҲű
үˡ
Ȼô˵ţɰ˸˭ҲûжһͤڻǺȲŹӡ
Ѿϰ˰˸˵ϰԣҲûжԣһӣʾŮһöָ
λͱүصɼңǱүŵͽ𡣡
ʮʯڽָ֮У޽ָ͵˽УҸ֪ˣ˸˲μʢıѾˣֻҪǰʢ㳡ȥǩɡ
ǩ
ǣλμʢҪгǩģǱүõ鱨޲Ļһβμʢ߹ˣһΪʮ顣
Ҳ˵μһʢһٸ񾳵ߣ
ʮү˵ʢȻɭٿǲμʢԸǿߡ
뾳ǿߣҲƵġ
񾳷ΪǰںͺڣС񾳵Ļ֣ͻС֮Ǵ񾳣񾳵ߺٲμʢᣬ֮ڴС۷е񾳵ҲǿԲμʢġ
˵Źʢ飬ɵã΢΢üͷʮүĵǣԼĿֿЦΪˡ
Ǹո񾳣ֻǰڵĲߣμʢ񾳳ѡ֮٣һ㶼ںڵߡ
Ͼ˭Ҳٸո񾳵ʱ򱻴òҰܣĥ˰ںΪߵʱڲμʢᡣ
лү
ڲμʢʱ䣬λɸס¾ͺãʲôҪĻܷԸ˱ǡ
Ϻǣ˭ЩӲǻˣ
޺ͽĵ֮ʣһ˶ߣѰȥֻһɫ»ӳǰ
˺޳ЩƣֻͱҪ곤߰ӡ
ɳ֡
ɼҵĶĳɳɣɳ˭ǹܲţ壬ôħأ
˸˿˿ޣֿ˿ɳɣ·ϳֵЩɱմȾЩħɳϵħһޣѲЩɱֺɳʲôϵô
ȥӳǺþöΪΪǵģ֪ƽΪֵŵҲǷ
лɳֹλʿƽ·ϻҪЩĲۡ
޺ɳֵܶżҳͤİ˸˾ôţ֪ɳȥ֮󣬽Żڵеʡ
үȻ˵ǵļ֣мӦ֪·Щɱֺܾܿġ
֮ɳɲǸö
лģɳֵԻע⣬ɫҲˣλϢǡ
Ȼ֪ЩʲôģˣҲٶ˵ȥ
֮ԭ˯İ˸˺˯⡣
ڴϣ˫ۿŴᣣʱԺ˻
˯ţĵҪȥȥ֡
ȥ
޳ɡ
ϱҲȥ
𣡡
ǣвסİ˸·뿪ɼңǰɭ޳ֵĽС
ɭ޳ǲҹǣǺҹϻˡ
˵һȥĵطСһ֣ӽͷԵ˽βԵǽһ졣
ɼҵĲȺóǺóԣ̫С˵ˣǱϾǿˣҲúԺӶŵ
ǿ
˸С̯ԣϰڷŸָʳȣȻΪ򵥵ʳ⿶ɣÿһ˶ʮζʳĵζ
ڳԷ֮УָָԶ
ٽԶи̨ӣ̨һһӣúɫĲһһء
վ̨ϵ͵һϵĺڲڵϣʱеǰһƬ
ҴλүˣкõĻɫ
˽˳ΪɫԷۡ
ʹŮˣλүӦ֪ʹŮɭʲô
ūӣʹŮӡ
̨µŮʹŮӲһǸ֮һ˷ܡ
ʹŮʥ壬毺ãȢؼܸغˣռܲ⼪ס
ͼʮʯ
ūʮʯļ۸̨µǷļż۸һϣʹŮӡ
ʱ۸Ѿʮʯǵʯ۸ǵƣеʹŮƺǰܵڵϣеˮϵĵš
ǧʯ
̨µ˽мǧʯ۸Ѿ˵Ԥ㣬˶ֹͣ˽мۡ
ʯ
ڲԶڳԷĻ֣̌ʯļ롣
һ˲䣬˵Ŀ׷׿˸ڵС̯λ
λС㲻ǿЦɣĿһ㲻ܻ˹ء
ū½ĸ۸񣬻ⵥ⣬жЩ
㲻ùܣ˽мô
һ⽣̧ͷոսмǧˡ
һǧʯ
򡣡
һγʯüͷŭ⣬ҲûڼӼ۸
գʹŮʯļ۸սᣬװʯĽָӸūǰūı˲ġ

1336 ʹ

1336  ʹ
λС㹫롣
ĸûū罣£ӱһΪ
ߡ
֣ʹŮӣһĿʹŮĵ֮ʱ̧ͷһ˫ÿ۾ֳһĨâ
ǰǣʹŮӵ뿪˸̨С̯λϡ
ϵĳŮӵϡ
κʢһڵ⽷Ůǰоᡣ
ȳԣ˾Ͳóˡ
Ÿɾǰһ⽣ǰĸоŮŮӵͷһһ׵ĳ⽣Ҳ˳ոӿ
ŮӿԽŨңƺҪܵίһԵĿ޳
ŮаƣʹĹ
Ϊ̰뿪ʹΪԵƭøĵز
Ϊ˸еɭ޳ǵļгԶҲƣ
ҪĻǴ㹷ȡ
³̿һڳԷİƣƵ֮󣬶԰Ƶһ𱸡
Լ̰뿪ʹ֪ʹŮӵȴҪһ˳УŮװΣһȫûжĹᱻƭĺܲңܻѾ֮ˡ
ˣܲ˵֣Ի²ô
³һָۣʢһȺࡣ
лл
ɤѾˣеˮҲˣ⽵ģһĹ
ǡӶôܲһʹ
ǰΨһԸȵصʹ֮㲻̤ɭκεط
ʱԵĺڰѾһʲô˺ǻĹɳࡣ
֪ӶҪǮģλһʹ֮󣬸һʹʯ
ôǵǿԽ񣬲ڲС
ΪʹĹǽưȫͻʹȻ֮֮ߵĽƱҲתӶŲƿ顣
Ҫ֪ΪǶɽٵʱЩΪƽأӶżɢҲƸǲƨɣΪӶŵˣȻǲĿӶ䵽Բ𷹵ĵز
˵ǿԽܣۿձʢῪĻǩӣҪͰƻʹҲֻеȵֻзɡ
ƣʹҲǲԵ飬Ҫȥμʢᣬֻеȵʢ֮󣬷ȥǲеĻֻнתиӶŵһЩˡ
Ļ϶ʮүһɭ޳ǸǼģôҲǲԡ
ˣİŰƵ߼㲻ǽҲӶŵʹȫԷ
Ƶ˵ͷ˵ͽİǵһμ棬İƳ˰˸֮⣬ûŵˡ
ڼϾˣܷβܣô˵ƶ˵Ҳǽ֮һ
һ˴Űƻصɼң˵ɼ˵ǹͣԴһ˻ʲôϡ顣
Ժֻа˸䣬ŮӣҲֻܸŮеκһͬסһ䷿ӡ
³̺ų԰ƺԼϱһӡ
ǵĻ˵ǻûкԼϱһŴ˯ȻУŮҲǲԵġ
ǲв
İһų³̶ˡ
ƺסһϢȥɣҪȥʢǩء
֪ˣһ뵽ʢҾ˷ܵ˯ž
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л
ллֻû˵ڣƵȻסˣ̧˫Žĵ˫в˸Ĺâ
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Ҫ֣ƽץסûɿ
ʹŮóռܲ⼪ףֱһЩʹŮеܡ
Ȼץסĵʱǿʲô
վԭûжؿŰƣֱƵ˫ָ顣
ġҪμʢô
ƿڣŽǷҪμһεʢᡣ
ʲô
ЦţŰƷ֮ʱʲô棬Ѳʢᷢʲôõô
ǵ˵ͷҡҡͷ漴ֵ˵ͷٴҡҡͷһη˼Ρ
ˣǿֻʢϷƸǶʲôΣյĶҪһҡ
ҧ촽иֳŨŨĵ֮⡣
һǰ˸˶ˡ
غصϣ뿴ʲôһƬӲĽ
¿ʼռףδڷŵȻܶ
ˣ
ҧ촽˼Ƭ֮һĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ôܻʹϢɣǿʲô˵Ҳ١
á
һҹΣա
ٺŮչ˰ƣİ뿪ɸɼ˵ָʢٿ֮أҲɭΪʥĵطɭ޵
ɭ޵һ֣߲þ
˵ɭ־ۼ֮أʢῪĻһ죬񾳸ִ˷ɭ޵
ģ³̣ԣκȺų˸˻켣Ⱥ֮У˵ĶһһǰС
ҪԭΪϰ˸ˇNɪ̫Ҳ̫ɭ޵ʱѾʼǩ˸Ҳֻڶеˡ
ɶʱǸͷ
ղŽɭ޵ʱ΢һ£ʮˣǩһһǩҪʵȺ
񾳷ΪǰںڣС񾳺ʹ񾳣ܽǰڵѡֺкڵѡֻһĻҲͲÿ
˵ʵ൱ĶֳֻΪһ飬ʮˣΪʮ飬룬İ˸˶Ȼһġ
Ҫ߹ǡ
һһִ߽һʯͷϣâʯͷһΧڵ߱ԶΪһ顣
ֵ˽һˡ
ͣ
еһκȣκȳǰʱڳʿһֱˡ
ɭȻȱŮߣ񾳵֮٣ĺֵߵĸٵÿ
ܵô˼ˣԺп°빦
Ϊëһɭĸоأ
ڳĲҲԭ̧ͷɫ
κʲôִ֣ʯͷԭɫʯͷڸӦϢ֮󣬹âµһƫмһ˵κȵΪǰڡ
䣬
κȣʮˣӶš
ɶ⣬ʮ꣬ذɣǲˣʮߣذɣ
˭Ҳκ˵ĻϾʮ̤񾳵ˡǴδֱǿЦ
һ
¼ԱҲһ㶣ǰŮȷȷʵʵֻʮ߰͡
κų磬ϸ̨֮ǰ֣κȶǰĳ丧
ģ֪öŮĽ

1337 һȺ

1337 һȺ
ųԼж֤һ¶κŮˣȾָһ֡
˵ռ̫ˣ
κȱ˱죬ô̫ܳԴˡ
ųִ̨ʯͷϣʯͷϵĹâʾ񾳳ڵʵ
ų磬ʮһӶš
ԲۣʮһôһΪʮ߰ء
ڵʱ򣬶ʮģתۼȥˣҲˡ
ʱ찡Ҫų˵ԼʮһˣǻΪԼڵ͡
³̺ͻҲ˸̨˵ִʯͷϵʱԾʾ񾳳ڵʵ
³̣ʮӶš
ʮ롭ˣʮŰɣӶš

Բۣ
ʮˣʮһʮʮšĸߣǽʲô̬⡣
˵ľУԺͽҲ̨
񾳳ڡ
񾳳ڡ
񾳳ڡ
񾳡ڣ
ĵִʯͷϵʱǹâһӳ񾳳ڵڣ½񾳳ڡ
ʮһӶš
ʮһӶš
ԣʮӶš
ģʮˣӶš
ĸ˵ԼԼԺδʱڳ˵ѾþˣþݸΪʡ
˸񾳳ڵߣƽʮ۾˻ǶϹˣһƣ
Щһ޷̤񾳣Ȼʢ߶񾳵ĸ֣ЩӡŶ
Ƕʮɵʱո̤ھؾһףȺȷʵ̤񾳣ò˵˱˰
ҼˣȺǲЩǵЩˣиǣ˵ռĳһ޷ǡ
ôһ˵Ҳӡˣǻǰû뵽û뵽⼸ӾȻڸո̤񾳳ڵʱμʢᡣ
Ҳֻ˵ţ»ˣվ񾳳ڵѡ֣ͻ˵ڶʮΧҲ޷һ¡
һһ߽İˣİѹû˵
ʮˣ
üͷôܸо³̶ʮ߰ˣǳеϡ
ѽϱСǲ۵úܣʮ͡

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ʮĽô
һüŵ˫֮⣬ƺ˵³Ѿˡ
֮󣬳ǩĽˣΪ飬İ˺ıĩβڶʮ飬ڶʮֻоŸˣ˱ĩİ֮⣬һ޵ˡ
νĳǩÿı
𿴵ڶʮƽʵֻ񾳳ڣǩ鵽ı˳ȴ˵һб
ÿ峡һ׶ε±죬ÿµʤߡ
ڽĵ˵ʢΨһĺôǿŶӵսһӲԵŶеÿһʵҪ޼񾳳ѡ֣Ŷеѡֱ㶼Ҫ񾳳ڵߡ
֮յĵ֪
ձǱĵһ죬ǩǰбÿһʱʱ䣬վڳϵжΪʤߡ
תۼ䣬ɭ԰Ĺڴ֮£һ׶εһıʼˡ
ϯԸͬˣеԼҲ߼ģе¼ģ֮ɫɫ˶಻ʤ
İڹϯǰλãǶǹѵĵص㡣
һʮ˶ڵʵ֪ĳжôſᡣ
Բۣ߶ר·ôôô
վľӮң··ء
˿һϵʮĲ˾Է
еʱˣȵ˵֮󣬶ڽн
һʱʱڣһʮɸѡߡ
ʢһ׶һĵĹ涨ֻҪһʱڻվڳڣԽһ¡
Ǹ·ôԣ۾̵Ǹһǣ
ӱʼʱ򣬰˱ӦԵˣǱΧ£Ծ治ɫ
³̸ұ֤ǵԵĻûʤϣ
һ˽ڶ׶εı
ʱڶϡ
ڶʮʵҲڣߵкڵʵһһսʮı
һУ罪һνʣڶĲÿһ˵ʵʮֵǿ
ЩŲͬ磬Բͬ塣
壬壬ħ壬壬ؾ壬ȵȵȵȣҲߣ֮٣Ͻİ˲Ųʮ񾳸֡
ңУӶŵİ˸ǿǸո̤񾳳ڣΪݣǽҽڶ׶εıҲᱻ̭
һʱʱ棬ڶֳ߳˸ˮ׼ĸ񶷻棬Ǵʹϣԭʼ䶷һĿĻ档
СǸ³ˣߴźŮӡ
һŶӣһ𹥻һ͵Ϯ
ڶڶ׶αһˣĸѡֱ̭
ڶĻڴĵ
Ϊʲôڴĸݽһ飬ҪǵǼ飬ҪǺεʵ߻Ǳǿ׽٣ܽɭ缸ЩΪƽء
ˣʹ˵еһһȺް
ʮˡʮһͣѾˣ˾ǣ̤񾳣˵ɭˣ綼ûе顣
ʱ䳡ĸ̨ϣ߲þĸ峤ڱϣĿ⿴ĵŸˣеǳеǺ棬Ҳеڴ
ʣϺ㲻ӣ˸С޸ո̤񾳳ڣ޿ǾߣʵѾӽڡ
ԳϺľ峤ЦǽһãΪַӶŵ飬ʺ峤վǱߣʮֲˬԭΪǰǼ庢ӣΪ׵Ľġ
ҪЩĺβҰܵģҲúõĴһʺ˵
ŶǾĿԴɡ
ʲ峤ЦţеĲ豭ǳһ
峤̬ĮתͷֽìͷָŮ峤
峤Ϸ֪ʲôΪǼĺܴš
ɲʻ峤ӣŮ;ŽⲻĳޣҹҲǾ壬һɫ
ôǱ峤Ҳ֪Ĺôӵĺӣ峤ҪȻ峤ͽ͡
峤һ仰峤ɫ˲
Ǿĳ裬Ҫᡣ

1338 ķת

1338  ķת
ᾫ峤Ŀ˽ĵϣм֮⡣
Ŷõʱ䲻˸Ӷ֮磬治
ʱϣŸ˷׷볡
ģ³̣ų磬κȣ԰˸Ӿվϡ
߲þĲظűĹ
һʱʱΪޣʤ߽ڶ׶εıʼ
ʤʲôȻö˵
ǿĳˡ
ЦЦǰޡ
ǵأȺŹأ
Ҳǲˣô˵Ҳøһѡǡ
ǲв
֪ģ³̣ų磬κȣԺ˸֮ĺѣҲӶˣˣʵҲǸո̤񾳳ڵĽ׶Ρ
ѾҪ̤ڡ
Ҫ֪һڵĸܹʮ񾳳ڵߣľȻҪѡȺŹѡĻǽİ˸˸ûһ˿һʤ㡣
СѾͷʲô
ڸ̨ϵ峤΢΢üԽ˵ĻЩ޷⣬˸˼һʵܵжޣһ꾫峤
İɣѾͷǾԲԿġ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôô˵ܾòô򵥡
ƾȺ¾ô
񾳳ڶѣʲô
ΪŵȻŰ˵ʸ԰˸࣬һ񾳳ڵİ˸࣬ûʸ֡
±ֵ˵ڶʮ飬ôȺ౰Ķ
˵Ƿᡣ
³˫ֶżŽüһĲˬԭСһͦµģһЩڿҲûҪˡ
ϯϵҲǲ⣬˶ܿó˫ʵĲء
޵̬ȣ˸оǲˬȻĵѾˣҶԷ̬Ķӣǡսپɡ
ʾűʼѾˣϯһĻţǴߴ˫֡
¿ǰǾѾ˾ӮñϽսǻҪһء
УıѾֳʤޱȻǻʤһ
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ղʲôѵһӷɳֱק˻ȥ
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˵мĹڣǰĹҲ޷ĴĻҳǸʲôֻԼԼһȭӵ
׷ʲô顣
һ˲֮ʱһӰǰݺݵ׹ڵϡ
ҳɢ֮ʣſڵһǾޡ
ɶɶʲô
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ϾǾţ׹ز߲֮þҽʦ޵ơ
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ҽʦǼ֮һ־㵲ŵĿ⿴׽ĵˡ
ܰ˸񾳳ڵôǽӽڵĶ֣ȫû԰
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ȫ⿪ֵ޵һε˺ųſ׵޲ԣס޵ĶʱҲƽԡ
ԵڼķΧ֮ڣУñе߼ٶȣһеħֻҪеΪ˲ʧ
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ڰ˸˺һ֮£ѾòҲ̶ĸˡ
ͷǹ֮⣬ȫĹͷ۵ĶˣǴǰҽҲֻܱסһ񾳵ΪǷָܻҪ谮谮Сˡ
ֻһ˲䷢飬ȴľ˵Ԥϡ
ɣ޿ţССͱ̤񾳡
ССǰ˸̬Сôģ֪ղŷʲô
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ʼʾ޹ڳʮ˶֤ȷȷʵʵڱ֮ǰǵȺŹ
ҪǾ峤仹ûĻӦüǵҸղ˵Ǿ仰ȺŹϧ̫أߣøҾ徵³
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ߣ磬վǱɵģѡ˵Ҳһ֮
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ôǰ˸һȺŹǰ˸дô־͹ǹⳤΪûӣԶ˭ء
ᾫϲĿ˿ԵĲС
壬Ӯ˰ɡ
ŶŶԣʤߣģκȣų磬³̣ԡ
Ű˸˵֣Խǵ⣬峤Խա
⼸С˶ӾȻҵѿɣǳɹĽڶ׶εıҲҪȺֹҪΪصĴۡ
뿪ʱѾ˵ı
Ǹʲô޲Ǿ峤ϵ˽ӰɣôʹҶһ
ܿܣ˵ЩĵˣȥռһЩΪá
ܰ˸˻˵һ׶αʤɲμʢĸֺ࣬ͬҲʹõڶΡ
ΪܸõıԵڶ׶ε£˽Ϊá
˸˹ϯϣԶóСʼ¼űȽϳɫĶ֡
ò˵ܲμʢ˶ʵѧߣÿǽһ죬Ȼ˵齪ĵһ֮⡣
ܿģһĻ
ɼҵǰӰ˻ɸصɼҵʱҲոմ깫¶ҪҽĵһЩ顣
յıǾʡ
Ҳȥˣ
Ÿ㣬ĿһЦޣôûҲȥˡ
ţǡ·˵ı
˵ǡɣ˭Ű
רȥģϵĽ޷֮ʱǶŮӵж˼֡
㣬˵ﲻʲôæվЩôġ
˵ţ޽һŷ˽ǰÿһŷ涼дһ˵֡
Щǣ
ЩʢһЩߵ˽һǵϢʱս֮ʱҲЩİ

1339 ɮ

1339 ɮ
ŷһʮöʮ˵Ϣأвͬ粻ͬ塣
ôлүźã
ŷݶ԰˸˵Ҫˣ֪֪˷ܰսʤֻǼ򵥵ļ¼һЩߵϢû뵽޾Ȼʮ˵Ϣ˹
ϲá
޽ŽΪģִ޿˵ʱһ˺ǲˬĸо
Ĳ⡣
˿˿˿ԣ߸˵˵ͷĶͬ顣
ǾԲɧŽĵġ
˿ȥĺܣҸһԩͷĸоһжǼƭεһ˵һ
ˣҪлүչ˰ƹ
Ŀˣ±Ǳү飬ƹ⣬ֻڸ߶ѾյϢӶŵĸϴĻѾ·ˣձܵɭ޳ǡ
֪ɸĿģҲΪˣиĻһЩ
Ҳûо˶Լĵ⡣
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ޺ʶʱ˵˼仰֮תȥ
Ʋ硣
ϻҪƲĻ֧ɼôУ޵Ǹ֣ҪûĻʣˡ
һ߿ŷߵϢһġ
ʮ˵Ϣ֮󣬽ĳ;һ
ܽǰʮȷȷʵʵҪŬˡ
ǻΪĻ϶忴ˣĿĵ٩»൱пᡣ
˵ˣ˵ˡ
˶ƣᰡ
Ľ˵ŷǰ
˶Ǵ񾳵ߣҪֻ֪ڰ֮ڴС˴񾳲ܲμʢᡣ
֮⣬ҪĲС񾳵ߣ񾳵ߡ
Ҫ֪˸˼жһںڵ߶¶οһ񾳵ߡ
ǣԺͻʱεһΪ˭ܱ֤˵Ƿ֮ܵ񼼣ֻ˵ǻûж֮ǰѾ񾳵߸ſˡ
պıҪСĲǡ
գɭ޳ǼС
ģκһЩŮõĶ³ųȥֻõϢ
ۣ
ͣô˵ҲκҪûһ
סκȾ㵳ͣðɣҲסաˡ
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ǻͽǵŮӣԵθˣɼЩĵĥжôľ
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λϲȥˣ͸λ
ϰǴ󷽵ȡΣ͸ˡ
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ƴˣλϰ塣
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ģѺׯˣٵʯѹλϣʼΪҪѪ޹飬û뵽λ񲻽޴仨ˮ˿ڶ
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ĽηκȵУ֮κһ¸߶ȡ
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ڹɮ˸˵ϢоΨɮַɡ
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Цţ뿪Ц˵š
˭Ҳ֪ɮ˭ɳߣԲɺϡ
ɮ˵Ŀʲô˼Ȥ
ƶɮӲԡ
ãȻʦҸռһԣұռԡ
µĿ˿ǰɮˣ֣ż⣬ʳָָɮüġ
ռʦǸˣʦɾһ׼
ʩ׼ƶɮлȻʩһ׼ȷ֪ʲôҪҪƶɮȥġ
ɮ˶Ȼû뵽Ļ˵һʵʵˣҲԸķ䡣
ôʱûãʱ˵Ҳ١
ժϵߣһ˫Цķһ۱Լ߳һͷİɮˣ˻֣תʧȺ֮С
ֱ߽ģɮһһμġ
ѻ˵ǵˣҪҪ󣬽ʱӦ䡣
ŽʧеĽģĴü両ֳһĨɫģǺɫĹӦɮ˵ϣ͸ŨŨа
ʱһӰ߽ɮˣĿһԣĿǿʧȺеĽġ
ôתĽĺһŮһŮ˸Ȥ
˵ĲǱˣĿ
һɫĿתͷЦɮˡ
㻰أô뿪ʮ˲֮ԽԽء
ĿɮΪǽ֣Ҫ޵
ֻ֪һпѪħʮħ֮ףȴ֪Ŀ˿ɮˣô̵ࡣ
ػҩĻκ˹ҲĿ
ιⲻǻúôû뱾
Ŀشкȴܵ˶һĵԶ
ӣӣ̫˱ˣǴֳ˵ûйˣɭ޳ǺþˣҲûгԵθڵĹӡ
Ŀô
ջκó˴ϾĿҲǰǵģò顣
ӶԱãųСӣԺͱһ֤
ŸɫƤȥġ
һĿȫĿʮħֻ·å
ӣ㲻ôԱºİ

1340 ҪȢ

1340 ҪȢ
δĿ˶࿴һĿߵɮ֮⣬κȥҽˡ
ڽֽǵĿջ棬ĶŲ豭Żκȶˣڿ˵ʱкһ
ȣ
ģ㷽żĿôҲɭ޳ǡ
Ŀ
Ż˵Ŀ֣ҡҡͷ
ûУǿһɮˡ
ĿߵǸɮˣʮǸô
Ŀߵɮˣ
ɮ˺ĿʶĿɭ޳ǵĿҲ򵥡
˻صɼҵʱԶԶľ˸ߺ۵
үˣǼһɭ޳ҲǸǼ͵ģԺ鷳үˡ
壬Ļ϶壬壬ʮүأʮүûô
ҿûʮүӰӣ˵ʮүҲôôûˡ
ʮүʱ¶ȻˣȹЩ
¿ŽĻκҰҰ졣
԰û뵽ǽ˵ڶ׶εı
Ȼ߻ûĿð˷˵ĵһ˵˿ǰѸ߳Ϊľ޸òҲ̶ã˵ָԭеΪˣǻҵˡ
ǣҲ˭
Žǽģߺһˮ
ʡʡɣҲСˣǻ˵Ļܵˡ
ߺ˸֮Ӯ˵һʵȻһԭһֺܴԭ
УԼ˰˸µк޻֮ô䵽³
ͬʹõڶΣߺʮֵİ˸˵ĵڶ׶α
İɣǻע⡣
ʾߺ۷ıǣΣ˲Ϣ䣬ѲĶ֣˵׼ᷢʲô飬һ仰˵ǰ˰ʢǰҲǲܵ顣
Ȼ仰û˵ڣֻѡ
ߺĻϺܷ˸ڽĵ˵˱ԺУߺԺҼӺ˭պһʱ֣ӽķ߳һŮӡ
Ůһɫ崿ĺܣһ˫ҫŹâһ˲˸ߺ۵Ŀ⡣
壬զˣ
԰ӵ˱ߺ۸סȥ·˳Ÿߺ۵߿ȥɵҲ׼֡
ƹ
ǻˣλǣ
ƵĿڽߵĸߺĻϺܷϣмֽ䱸֮⡣
λҺ˵ӶŵˣǸϴĻ϶塣
һһŸߺĻϺܷˣʼգߺ۵ӾûӰ뿪
ˣĻ϶壬мҪ˵һ¡
ˣҲԽƽиϴǣıˡ
ƹʹĹΪ̰汻ƭɭ޳ǣƹѾίӶˣƽ͵ʹ壬壿
Ļ˻֣赲˸ߺ۵ߣŮҲֱſɣඪˡ
ɶУţ
ߺҲܽ˵ɶͷӦ
ˣĻ϶أ
黹Ļ϶Ƚ󣬸ھͺɵһʲôȥ
ҲǱߺĿⶢŵʮΣæ˸뿪˸ߺ۵ߡ
壬ܱܲôˣǼûŮˣôˣ
Ӷϴű˵ˣɭ綼쵱ĴڣǵӶŽΪ׼һӶ֮ɭҪԼҵŮӶš
˵ֻҪӶŵ˻һ֣Ůӵ뻳С
Ӷŵĺ˵ǹòһЩʼУǸϴĻ϶˵ĽԺá
񣬸ߺۺ޲ðӶڰƵϣ⻭Ĳ
壬㻹ŵĻ˵˻
ҪȢ
ߺ۲˵ԣһſ˵ҪȢΪޡ
壬ôʹĹ
ôˣӻӶŵϴأݲһҵĻʵ۵϶١
ߺ۰һ۽ģɶ˼Ӷŵϴ䲻һô
ҵ˼ˣƹģӶŹĿǵѪȷҪðƹΪӶϴķˣ
ӶŸ߷ˣϲͷ
Ļ϶壬ô
Ĳ֪˵ʲôˣɴˡ
Ļϲδ˵ֻ޵Цţһ˫ŵ۾ĵ淢ë
Ļ϶զˣ
ҹĻ֮ʱҲصɼҡ
ģôˣôһı顣
õġ̫׼ȷˡ
һ򦣬һӣĵĿŷĸߺۣ˵ŽһĻ档
飬ƴʱû뿪䡣
ŵˣ
ϻһֱ̬Ķ㣬㲻ô
˵ʱ򣬽Ŀһ۸ߺۣҲ֪Ļһʱ⡣
ˣ壬½үôˣ
Ļ϶˵ڰ˸˳֮ǰ½ү뿪ǣٺ;׽ٽ٣ݻǡ
Ƿĺˣ˵һ½үƾڵ٣Ѿ±չˡ
½֪Լٽ㽫ڵеȡýİ˷ñչ̤񾳣½ɹĶȹ٣Ҫı¾ۼΪֻҪڵڣָΪֻʱ顣
Ǿͺã·үû¶Ǿͷˡ
ѹŵһʯͷ½үʲô¶ĻǵһӶ᲻ġ
ģӽ󣿡
ĵ˺ܷ½үӵ֮ʱߺͻȻ˻⣬ŰƵϲõȵȵȵȡ
壬㲻԰ƶ˰ѣ㿴һ˼ҹŵĶҳݡ
СƨӶɶа飬еʱһ۾֪˭һҪǻˡ
еˣǰơ
ߺ˵Ƶʱ񶼱ˡ
֣˫ָڸߺϡ
ûһЩ涼ˡ
Ǹ壬̫˰ɡ
ߺȻ壬Ѿ˾ؾ۷壬һ񾳣ֻҪ֮ͬ١
Ҳ壬ʿѭֻأ֮и߰ʮ꣬ңҪһǸߺΪʿܻóã⡣已̥ջսᡣ
ʱǶԸ廹Ƕ԰ƶһõĽ֡
ô룬ƻϻ
ӴŰһͺá
˵ʲôߺҲǴҪȢƣһֱδ˵Ļҡҡеӡ
ϴȻ⣬ҲȰˣοӶҲȱһŮˡ
ٺ٣Ļ㶮ӡ
ߺۺٺٵЦţĻϵĻֻ˵ǰΡ
Ҳֹͬ⣬ҪȥƹԣҪðƹĸԸļ޸㡣
Ļϵܼ򵥣ߺҪȢΪޣΪӶŵŮˣӶŵֵȻϲǰǣƹҪԼ׿ϼ޸ߺΪޣڼ䣬ߺ۲κǿΣյȵȵľٶ

1341 ĸ

1341 ĸ
ȢֲɽȢѹկˡ
壬㲻ƺɽȢѹկûɶô
һӵĹ֣ĸ˻ֱĶŮһʱ䣬ⲻǱ̬ʲô
е̬ô
ߺԼ°ͣͦİ
е̬ʮرԼ̬Ըӵĵزˡ
ⲻҲǵһζôƹҪȢΪޡ
ߺһɤӺ˳춯ػصɸŵİȻˣ˲ա
ûб˷֡
壬ɵǴô׵ô
⻰³˵ģ˸³Ϊֱڿߺ۱֮Լ̫ˡ
ӸˣӾҪȢΪޣ˭Ҳֹǡ
ûˣĻ϶壬ɶ취¸ѰƹˣϾüʮʯء
ӶҪͰƻʹӶȱǮ״̬Ļ϶巽Ҳ˵ӶŵĺΪǮҳﹷͽ񶼽ˣɼӶŵжôļ尾
ʮʯڵӶžһʲС棬øŪûˣӶŵֵҪ̼ˡ
ƹá
ٺһԡ
Ļϵв֮£ߺ۱죬ǶŰڵķ䡣
壬ƺסһӣֶܲİĿ⣬ϲجΡ
ӹһȥӵˡ
ѽҹĻΪ˰Ƶİȫ룬ĻǺͰͬסһӣߺӲק֮£ϻص˷䡣
ǸɶʵҸ˺ܺãֵģǸˣǲ̫ıԼУŻΪǸˡ
Ϊߺ۽ŰľٶٱðΪӶŶǸֻɫ
֪һҲʹô
Բᣬأıǡ
Ǳȥ˲³һһŵŵҲܰĵ˯ˡ

ε̾һٶֱٸԼĨڣ˵ӽˣڸڰĿеȫϱ̬Ⱥš
ģŮΣ
˯˯
ļգ˸˶ĦÿһߣԸСӼһЩߵŵȱ㣬űá
һ׶εĶʮĻˡ
߶ʮˣʮ飬һʮˣİ˱ڽ֮󣬽뵽˵ڶ׶α
ڶ׶εı͵һ׶εı˵ʽһһ㲻ͬ
ǱǵڶнɵһʮҪȫÿʮһ飬ֳǩо
ҲΪ˱֤µĹƽԣ֪˶˭ºֿɾ͵òʧˡ
ڶ׶αĵһ졣
һʮȫΧ˹ڣߺĻҲʮ˺֮С
ɸԼĶӳгǩ
ʢĹǿԶʽμӱһӲҪֻ񾳳ڵѡַԽӡ
ʢᣬҲֻнİϱòҲ̶õڵѡ֡
˿ʼǩҪ˸˵ǩǩдҼš
֮˸Ҫ鵽Ҽŵ߽еڶ׶εĵһ
źѽ
еˡ
ĽҼŵǩַˣϵЦݲ֪ϲǸǡ
ϢͻϢһ
Ϣѡ
˵ĿڽĵϣתָŲԶӡ
Ϣǳ鵽һֺһ֣ϢһǴ񾳵ߣһ񾳺ڵߡ
񾳵ᰣ񾳺ڵΪŬ
Լж쵱ʵǿߣҪúõоһսˡ
ǩ֮󣬱ǵһ
ǹڻǲѡ֣ܺһ˭˭һб
߲þĲڶ׶εһԱ֮£ϵıԲһ
ɣǾȻ˴񾳺񾳺ڵǿߣ
ߺһ˸ҪĶΪǿ֮£ǽһġ
ǣ˸С˵֮٣ССͲ񾳣Ƕ飬ɭһݡ
ǣϾ˸Ǹո̤񾳵ߣܵжԵ񾳺֮ˡ
ţзӦԡ
Ļϵ˫ǰţŰ˸ԼӦԷ
ɶӦԷӣһڵĶܵʮ񾳳ڵߣο񾳺ںʹ񾳵ߡ
Խ˵ԽģԽԽϻ
զ찡
ʮүҪĻҲܸⲻǣ
ʱϵһѾλ
ʮ˵ڣģ³̣κȣų磬ԣ˸˿ûκηĲվ񾳺Ŭʹ֮䡣
ң˸һϵΨҶĿϢ˿ߵĶһ񾳺һǴ񾳵ǿߡ
ʼ
һ£ڶ׶εһʽʼ
˸񾳳ڣһ񾳺ڣһ񾳵ߣھ󲿷УһѾע˽ֵı
̨ϣʺ峤˷ֱ˱˴һۣҲֳһ˿˿ǡ
ߣһ˸СӮϷҪЩ˻ʲôʱ
峤Źκο轪İ˵Ļᡣ
ֲá
峤ĵתͷĿм֮ͬ⡣
ʲô˼ʲôֲã
峤ɵӣȻóл
ֲŮɺһҲҪȥֺԶĸףŮҲһָ
ɱģ־䶼ž峤ġ
峤ſҪ֮ʱʿʾʼǡ
ǣϷţһٶϷ澡ʧҾ嶨Ů帶صĴۡ
ϣİ˸һϳ֮ǰѾ˼ƻϹأ˭ȶ˭
Ժͻ񼼽סߣᣬȽһһⷨȻѾùˣҲĿǰΪֹΪЧķӣû֮һ
ŬԽİ˳֮ʣͬΪһǰסŬ
񾳺߶԰˸߶֣ô
Ȼڰĵˣȫû뵽ġ
ŬЦţһ˫ɫ¿ᰡ
ôô˵ô񾳵Ҳ˼񾳺ڵ߶ô
˼
˵ʱʱ죬ŬûзӦ£ѹʽıֶνŬڵأӳ
ǶļɲǼ䷢飬Ǵ񾳺֮ĲôôĿֲ
Ľ˶ûпôֵģŬѾܱˡ

1342 ô

1342  ô
Ŭһ񾳺ڵߣ񾳵᰸ӳ
࡫
Ȼ˵İڱ֮ǰѾƶ˼ƻۿⳡʱ򣬻ǶЩ顣
Ҫ֪ǿ񾳺ǿߣôӳǲЩ̫ڶϷˡ
ʵʵݲ˱ס
ֻʣ½ԼԵĶ֣ǿᰡ
ǰĵ飬ˣᰣƣĺ˶βʢΨĴߣĶںͺڣİ˸ǶһݵĴ񾳳ѡ֡
Ԥ֮У˸Ӧڵһ׶εıб̭ˣҵ˵ڶ׶κʹ߱ԣ֪Ρ
л
ǰ˫ֱȭᰱʾл
ô˵ǽ˴˫Ƕ֣ɽĻҪлᰳ
ˣŬǰ˶֣Ǹʱ򣬾Ͳ˵ĳˡ
Ҷ壬Ӧ໥ϡ
ЦŽԼ߸ˣ˵ڵһ仰ʵľһ
Ҳ˵ΪʲôҪֻŬ
𱲷֣Ӧһʦ֡
ʦ֣
Щ⣬ʦִӺ
ʾ
īʦӦһʦ֡
ôһ˵һ¡
ʦ޼ɽô
С徹Ȼᰵʦļٵģ
ǣΪԪ󾳣ǱƼҰʦīʦġ
˵ʼ޼ɽͽܣԪ硣
бƼˣҲнյΪ
ôôʦ֣
ȻСͽܣȻҲǰ˸˵ʦ֡
Ҳû뵽᰾ȻСͽܡ
ʦ֪̤񾳣Ȼָ˵ġ
ҲǴӽī֣ȴδһȻͷĺơ
ĺͽİݷ޶Ǽģδ˵Ů
ңԪʦ߶ĵ֣᰸ǶԽĲЩĺ档
ǡô
Ȼ򣬾ǵһμ棬ΪҲ᲻ôʦá
ЦҪǸҶһëʦȫë
ʦ֡˰
ǣʦǴ˰
ǽĵʦ֣ȻҲǵʦ֡
Ǵ򲻳ˣȺȲ졣
һŲ輸輸ϰȲ͸СʳŸΧڲ輸ԱǵŹ졣
뽪ĵ˵Ԫ飬ĺ˵Լǰڶɭ飬֮˫ס
ôȲˣ
򰡣ǻǮǿģǿǴģ
ǣϽ򰡣Ȳôһ¶򰡣
һ仰ݴʱǵʵ۲̫༱
ϣһ輸Ÿĵǽһˡ
£±ƣߺĻҲϷʲô¶ôһ˲ת˻ء
ܿģһʱʱ㵽ˣڶ׶εһİȫ
ôһ¶
ʮĹ˲⣬̿ڵĶׯҲ֪Ǻá
һôĻˡ
һ֮󣬵ڶԱ֮ϳ
ĵ˺һʣֱ˴˺ܺ϶Էθڣڹϯһ᰸˸˽˵ÿһ˵ΪӦôжԣʲôʱʲôȵȡ
˸˱ţ˭Ҳұ֤׶εıʲôĶ֡
ʮÿ̭£֮꣬׶α
һıУҪ˵߸ˣ߸˵Ϊ񾳺ڡ
ǰںڿ˵ͬĽ׶ΣҲûԽܵͺñ㣬
̵ָӦ߾Ĵиõ˵㡣
˵ʱסˣˡ
ΪʦӶŵĸĻ϶ʮүǼ֮⣬߾˻϶Ѿˣ᰻Ԫˣ֪ϹŴ߾
ǵˣƺ˽߾Ҳ֪Ѫ֮ϹŴе
ʲô
ʦ֣ô֪ϹŴߣӵ߾
ĵڼҪͬڷϻ
ΪҲذ
᰺̹Ȼĸ߽ģ֪֮ϹѪߣӵ߾𴫳еΨһԭǣҲأؼҵˡ
ѵһʦƺʦǰڵʱûô
ʲô
ҡҡͷھŲ֮͸ɵеħ˳͸ɵ뿪ڵ硣
ʦûиǡ
Ҳ⣬ƾŽīֶԸˣһԼԴ˶пԭ
Ԫؼң߹ؼҶͬڣֻǧǰؼɢء
Щ߹ؼҲ֪߹ؼҵĵһ֪֮£ǧµĥ֮£һЩ鱻Ĩȥ
ؼ˷ֲأԪһ߹ؼһбؼˡ
ֻԪؼ֪һЩͺñؼұϹż壬ĳЩڽʱӵϹŴеǷܾѣҪԼ컯ˡ
һ鿴ĸؼңֻ߹ؼѪеĴ
˵ʵΪֻͦĽģ˴Уǽ߾Ƶ㾳硣
˵㣬ĽĽʲôãվϹѪϰ߾
һʱЩ޷ܣȴ֪ؼҲ߹½һ
ʦ֣˵һ˵ƺͺ˶ɡ
Ĳѡ֣Ǹںĺ˶ơ
˰屾ӵʵ壬ټг͵Ĵڣе񾳲ϡ飬Ƚ鷳Ǻ˶
ڲμӱ֮ǰᰱ֪˶Ҳμʢᡣ
˽Ĳ࣬ϾԪҲûʲôҲʲôֻǸĺ˶֮Щ
ʦֺͺ˶ɶĪʦ˺˶ϱ
ıһЦ˭֪ȴεĵ˵ͷ
׼ȷ˵˺˶ϱǺ˶δȻڻȣǡҺͺ˶δСʶΪͺδ֮ʲô˵顣
˵úãɱ֮֮ޣ˶ƶ᰺֮ʲô״Ҫȸ£˵л
ԲۣҪҪô󡣡
ĺ˶ᰣ˶Ǵ񾳵ĸ֣û뵽֮仹ô̼顣
ʵɣһǲμʢģʦ˵õһͱ޼ɽټϺ˶ƣֻòμһʢˡ
̾һ᰿˿ģžһڽĵϡ

1343 ô

1343 ô
ʦ֣Ҫɶ
ʦִܺ˶ʦֻʱΪܵĽ
ᰲº˶ֻûбҪŪ˫иҪȥ
ðɣʦҲˣǰ˸ֻ񾳳ߣʦǴ񾳵ߣҲڶʱҲ񾳵ľɡ
ᰵĻڽĶоЦǰ˸ƶǺ˶Ķ֣ˣթ䲻
šܾǰǵΪ񾳽ǲܵģϾΪִСеҲķ˼ʮʱ䣬ΪֿǵΪ뵽񾳺ڡ
ˢˢˢ
˵仰ʱ򣬰˸˵ĿˢˢĿᰡ
ʦ֣仰ĻǼٵġ
զʦֻƭǲɡ
ҧ촽ڶݵ˼֮󣬿˵
ûĻ׶εıһ˽ֳʮΪֻ취һ飬ȻʱָС
ڶ׶εһ˿ʱ䣬׶ȻıڣǽǾôнĿʱ䡣
ֻʱ䣬ǼпǶµĹ⾰
һ԰˸˵ʣټϷЧãһİ˴С񾳳ڽС񾳺ڡ
ʦ֣ƻǺãǡƹܳǩ߲þִй٣Ҳʶʺ峤Ҳ峤˽װɡ
ģ齻Ϊ־ͺˡ
ʾ˲صģ齻ͺˣɷӡ
ʱ򣬽ĺĻ϶˵飬Ļרɣ鲻صġ
ɽĻҪǧĪҪøӽơ
ģغӶֵܣȻøߺġ
УǾȥʦˡ
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¥ɭ޳ΪĿջҲɼҵĲҵ
յַ˸¥ĶСԺɵƿСԺŵʱһ˴Ժš
һŰµŮЦ紺磬˿һε˳
Ů뿪СԺʱ򻹻عһԺ볨ᰡ
СɫһΣ²Ϊ
лˣȾƣǧҪ
˵껰ʱ᰻Ů˷˸ǡ
ŮЦĸǽߣЩҵĳתʧ˵С
ʦ֣Ů˿е찡
߲þִйܲô
᰻еľŸǩǩϵͬ֡
Բۣʦ㲻ᡭ
³һ˫ţۿᰣҵ찡
ʲôôСֵģлŮ飬˵Ҳܴٽ˴˼ΪٴһЩ֪еζˡ
Ȼ߲þŮִйٽ˾Ÿǩ
˱Ϲˡ
᰿ϵɫ˶ôίƵġ
Ů֮¶ô̤֮磬ûŮ鰮һȺޡ
һӣһڰǰ
ⷽϹ֮ʱĶʮͬĿռ䣬ǿԸԼʺϵȥС
˵Ŷ
ʦнģ뻻Ǯû뵽ڻóȥ¶ʦ˵һ˵ҪһЩôȥ
סһʱ൱ڶһµʱ䣬гֺɫʱ򣬱ٻ뿪֮ʱǽʢĵ׶α֪ô
סˡ
մСԺԺӣȲ붨УҲ׷ײڡ
˸ڲʱʮųǰʱᰵ
ǵĸоߣоĵΪʣſڡ
ѡһǣŶ֮ʱǰһѰͬǣڵʯ
ʯϿֵֹ̻֡
ʲô˼
üͷδŹֱֵֻ֣Ҫƽʯϵ֣ȻԼ
һ
ʯһаʮһÿһʯϵֶͬеʯͼ
ǣϿ¿ˮûȼգʯϵֶûκα仯
һʱ䣬ĶʯǰоʯʲôͬѰĵط
һʱȥʯˣûκα仯ȴǱЩꡣ
ʲôӶùˣʯ˿
Ҳ˵˿ƶʯʯϵϵãƶʯʲôô
УļͷĹʮ졣
Ѱ˵ĻҲʯͷȻӱ꣬ǽҲòó֮ʱʹõľ䣬Լƽ
ڵʮһ֮ʱˡ
Ҳŷ֣ʯ֮ÿһʯжһƤ
ΪڴʯŷģҪΪĳһʱĬ䣬ںǲСĵĴһʯ
һѪ˳ʯıԵʯеƤƤϿĿһЩּ
ŵ˼˵ʮһʯ飬вƤдϲһֻͽִʯ
ʯһĲʴɣбʯıԵˣ˼򵥵Ĵ֮󣬱һʯһ顣
ʮһʯһСĹοҪֽƣ̤񾳣˵ʮһʯˣһʯ޷顣
ڣһʯеƤ˳ĽʮһƤƴһͼ
ÿһƤֻô󣬵ʮһƤƴպ֮󣬽Ļ³һű˫ѪޱȣҩҲ۵úܡ
ܿʯŵʲô
ƤдŵĻ֮ʱķԽŨңֻоԼˣˡ
ƤΪ׵ĵһдţһң۰ɣɵ˰ɡ
ƺ֪߻ᰴҵһʯһ䶼ŨŨĳζ
һһ俴Ƥдݣ˽⵽ЩʯıǶ춨ˣϹŴߡ
ֵǣкδĸֳֹ
Ƥϵݣĸ˶ԼϹŴΪʲôûڼгڹ
ǱϹʮһҪϵĴ񣬶ӰϹ񼸺˸飬Զݣ˼ĵط
䷢һΪǿ磬ȥǸʱ˶߱ѧ鼮Լֱ
СҲб£ʯǻ˵Ļͷˡ
ƤϣдһλĶĳϲĻڳЦ
ЦˣȻҵϷҲˣϷ˰ʮһʯУΨֽʯ飬
仰˵ЩƤΨһþýͽʮһʯ

1344 ¶

1344 ¶
ϹŴıڶ֮ʮţÿһű
ʲôܷ˸˽ߵľ磬㲻ö֪ˡ
֪䣬ڶйȥµʱ䣬Ҳŵڰʮһʯе
ò˵Ȼ˿ӵҪԸȤζô˵ʮһǱеΪ˵
µʱ䣬ڰʮһʯ̺պ󣬹Ȼıѡ
һ֮صڶߣѾʧʣµΨһƬɫãԼһš
³һĸоʵǿ˲٣ӻһʱ䣬ȥſûʲôջ
ƿţתһ֮
รʲô
ԾһƬãã磬ֻǰһʱ䣬һ羵һĺǰںһžɫĻ䣬Ʈںϡ
ʱ򣬽ĺƸӦʲôһ㣬ֻ̤˺С
ˮŽһһǰˮȻԴԴϵӿ˽ġ
ۿǺˮĻûһŮӵģڽ
Ǻˡ
Ůӵǳļ޷
ĻعͷųǰŮӣȫеˮţݣֻܿԼԼһӰӡ
Ů񣿡
ȻŮڿ֮ӦǰŮһݣһ˲䣬Ůӻûһεεˮ¾ۺһ𣬳ɫĻ֮¡
ʶң
ֻ㡣
Ů˵ػڶе飬֪Ѿڶжˣֻ֪ԼʹŮתС
һһ죬һһ꣬ʱѾʷ֮С
ڵȵ˽ġ
ǸֳһĨЦ⣬Ů֣ȫˮŵǣŽɫ֮¡
Ҫ£
ĸŮ棬ͷɫľ
ڴʱɫĻнֳһ˵Ӱӡ
һ£뷢԰ףһ˫Цһ
߿ĵʱ򲢲⣬ƺ֪Ļ
ϣˣϷΪڹǧ㶼ء
߲Ǳˣߣ
׼ȷ˵Ѿȥˣµֻߵһ˿ʶ
ǣߣ
ֻƾŸожǰߣվǰ˵˵ͷ
ϹŮô䵽ء
´ŽģҡҡͷһĨ֮ɫ
ΪôԸڰ񡣡
Ҫ֪ϹʮһеŮսһߣһ֮ӭսڰĽΪѡ˵ڰĽڰµĻ򶼴򲻹
üͷǲϲ߿ԼԼ˵һ
ҲʲôڰǹֻǽģҪҺϹŮᲢۡ
ᱻ˰ԼһŮȽϡ
ѣϹŮʮһ֮һӵеȻء
Ǵһ񾳣Ⱥǲв
ϣ˵仹ˣôתƢǱ䲻ˡ
۰׺ӣһӣҲٶԣһڽĵǰ
ԼϹŮת֮࣬Ӧóеһ١
˵Żı뷴ɿǰֳĻֻǣסˡ
ǡЩδġ
УѪɺؼڰһƬʮһ˳ϣԼ˺ڰ
ʮһ˱Ϲʮһ
ɺʮһ˷磬Ůͬͳһڽ磬ڽĴԻͳһڽ磬Ȼ¶ˡ
Ů뿪磬ΪĹħΪĺڰǿսϹħսⳡս˺ܾãħڽڽ绹ǵڽǺʬҰ
ħˮ֮ʱŮˣȫΪֹɱ¾ԭѪȵý˻䣬ҲΪˣŮˡ
浽˽ˣ߿˿ģһı顣
˵˵㣬ǲǳԱ˳ŵȥֹħսҪΪֹⳡռǣڰٴν٣ʱǾͿ׽úڰˣαҪôá
߸߽ĹϹħսһĽ֡
Щⷬ﾿ʲô˼
ʲôֱ˵
Ҳ˽ĵʣʾʲô⾡ܿڱǡ
ڰʲô
ɭʱ˵ڰ͹񣬿ɵǵǸìܣֻΪǿڿഫ񻰴˵ѡ
ڰ񰡣ڰ͹Ǵڽ񡣡
߸Ľ˵Ϊĺڰ͹
Щº˵˿˵һҲЩһ
ʱ粢ǻһƬǱħռݡ
ͺڰͬʦ֣ƬߵԶ罨Լ磬ƾ罨ƶȡ
գڰ͹ϲ˷磬ڰҪڽе𣬴´ΪȻȵ飬˼ΪҲɸ档
ˣĿԴ̣壬ϹȵȵȺڰɱ¾ľޣħȵȡ
߽˳ռǣվսϣ˺ڰ񣬵ȴúڰԪ룬ֻǽڰѹԨ֮бӡ
ڰδȥԪ˵һһεս֮
ڰͽΧڽ磬Ϊ˲úڰᣬٴѹס˺ڰ񣬲ҸߺҪ׽ڰԪ񣬽䳹׵׵
ԶĿˣ֪ʮһĵΪϹħսʱĺڰ񣬽ŮȻԼΪָۣ˶ݵƽ͡
Ҫ¶Ǿץס˺ڰ񣬺αصôá
ε̾һ˿ǳصɫüë
ѵ˵˵һЩ
ˣϹŮĻҲôġ
̧ͷĸҲϹŮһ
Ϊ˲׽ڰ֮ħʲô𣬶һȺòȻļһ
СѾͷ㻹û䰡
룬ȻһȺòȻļһȻתΪҲǰԸǺʹǰһ
ˣͷˡ
˺ˣҲˣ˵ѾͻϷµ壬ʸ֪࣬ϷҲû̫ʱ͵̫ϸ
֣ʾ⽪ǰŻһıʱ˿ȴǺƵĺܡ
ղŵһֻϷ̽ѣϷʲôʮһ
ƲƲ죬ĺͽ˵һȺΪץڰϧһд۵Ͳ뿪ȥѰ취

1345 ᶮ

1345 ᶮ
Ҳ¸˵ʵϷΪ˱ȥһλѰ֮˭֪ϷȴǸλ档
˵ֻ̾ķݶ
ڱ֮ǰһ˿ʶڶС
Žһ±Ƶı飬߰˰֡
ڻ֪ô࣬Ϸ㣬ϼ縺ŵ˲غԼȻǰѡһҲӦεرš
Ҳ̫
ıߵĻŵЩͿ֪һ仰棬һ仰Ǽ١
Ժ㶮ġ
ڲ
ŪЩô˼
һһֵ֪Щһʱ򣬾һ˼ˣڸĴڡ
ôī
һԹʱһɫǰ
˵ȵ׶εıʱ䵽ˣȼɫ˸˱Ҫ뿪
һɲǣߺŮȫȻʧ˻ش𣬽ֻ뿪˺
ɫԽŨңҲ׷뿪˶С
᰿ǰİ˸³һ
ΪֻΪأʱ䵽ˡ
ᰵɨ˰˸һۣ⽫ʱ䣬˸ڶп˲ٺô
˸˶񾳳ڽ񾳺ڵΪ
ģʲô
û¶
ҡҡͷ
˵һ֪һеģαھᡣ
׶һʽʼ
ϣ˿ǽԼᰵʱ򣬱ѾµⳡĽ֡
ӳ¹⵹ùˣ¹񾳺ڣɶ᰻ֻаܱķݶ
ǣû뵽˸񾳳ڵ߾ȻܽĽ׶εı汲ðˡ
˱˰˭˭ĵʦء
Ƕ֪ǽĵʦ֣ʱ˸˶ᰴһֻ˵¹˶֡
һ¹⻹ûаںüƣͱ᰸ӳĵ˶ûչʾȭŵĻᣬͽ˵Ľ׶εı
ӵ׶εĵһһһһˡ
һٸ˽뵽Ľ׶εıÿʮһ飬Ϊ˱̵ֻڷŮִйִƳǩҲôΪȥˡ
ǣĽ׶εıİ˺ᰱֵ飬ң˱ŵ˵Ľ׶εһһֻܽʮ˵ľ
ڽĵܽ뵽ʢǰһ󲿷˵һ¿ǰ˹ʺˡ
ȵĽ׶εһĻûᰵİǰ˸СӾԻᱻ˲ɱ
գ
εĵĽ׶αʽʼ
ΪһĽİ˴ŹǷ֮ͬڵһиҺͺӾˡ
ţӾߡ
ڸҺͺӾϳ֮ǰĺ˶˾Եø˴İˣԭ˸ᰵʦʦá
ŬҲʾʾӾֻҪ˴򣬵ӾŬСˣûŬ
ϣ󲿷ֵ˶Ǯѹ˺Ӿ͸Ҷ˵ϡ
Ļϣ˸ʤʶߡ
ܸߣû·ϢΪô
ĻϾ׼Ĳ׽˸ӵϸ΢仯ɼϸ΢ı仯ҲʾŰ˸ǿת䡣
ֱĻϣı˸ӵı־Ի˶Ŀһµĸо
ǳɣӾģеǮѹϡ
žһߺ۽ʮʯѹ˴Žİ˵Ķׯϡ
һͭ𣬵Ľ׶εһʽʼ
˸һ塣
λ롣
λСжսҺӾǳ֮ΣСˡ
Ӿһø˰Ҷս
񾳺ڵĺӾкڵĸңǶһۣ˸˾ûʤԡ
񣬺Ӿδռݣ˺һٶðٺøС
л֡
˵ӾŬ壬Ĳر
ߣϹȱʲôʵӾţӻбûȽȺ飬˵һ
һҸ˵껰沿㱻ݺݵػһȭ
ֻҵȵײڵϣһ̳֮ȭӵ
⻭桭˰˸˵һʱ޵ĳ档
ɸҵʵкڣڱ˸񾳳ڵߵѡ
ʵϣĽ
ֵ˸ҵĻʹó˸ҵĶΪʱ˿̵ĸΪȫʧһûʲô
һôǽİ˸˵Ķ֣̳ɢ֮˿ǰĻһ̣һŴͲ֪ʲôݴʱ˶Ƶľ㵡
ô˰ɣ
ǲۻˣһкڵ߱˸񾳳ڵߴĺ޻֮
ҵ찡
ϣѾ򼸽ʵĸҸ֪ʲô飬³һżݺݵش˸ҵϣֻһˤ˹ϯϯλϡ
λϵĹڱ꣬һȥҾôſʯһ֪ǻ
˰ɡ
еǰ̽Ѱ߸ҵıϢ
ûãһ
˵һҲǽ٣ҪǲʱεĻԶˡ
ҾôĻ˹ȥ߲þҽʦڻ֮æϯԵĸ̧ȥ
СλСˣ룡
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣӾû뵽ڶ̶̵ļ֮ڣ˸˵ΪѾȡ
Ļʦ֣Ŷлʦûг֮ΣҵȻҲ뺫ʦֳ֣ʱ仹磬ȱΡ
ǺӾ͸һǱ޳ܵСˣȻ
źӾûг֣ǺǸмȻˣ˫ûбҪ֡
һ輸ڷϣ뺫Ӿ£Ÿ˱һߺŲһ¡
жɣںȲô
ɶ˼ôһſء
ĵ˴˸ңȫȫ˵Ԥϣ񣬰ֺͺӾƷ죬˲⡣
ôĵʢıǲ軰ᰡ˰ɣ
ȿȣصأ顣
ҲȥˣɤʾŸҪôҪô䣬Ȳʲô¶

ʱһʱıʱĻ·ϵĻҳ˫һαȭ
Ǻڴ뺫ʦֽ֡
ãһ֮Ҫǡ
Ľ׶εһģų磬³̣κȣԣͺӾʤ
˵ڳĹڶԵһʮֲ⡣
ڵڶ֮˲Ÿܵʢеļ顣
ܰкڵߴĸһӶŵˡ
壬զôˣӮǮˣ

1346 Ψһս

1346 Ψһս
øߺ۸˵ؾô¶ЦݣӦǺйϵ
ʵ֤Ĳ¶ˡ
ߺ۽ѹ˼ʮʯջȴǺüٱʯ֪еЦȻжزס
ߣӮǮˣȥԺóԵġ
ҲˣȻ÷ѪˣҲܲӲǡ
Цķߺۿɭɭķë
֮ǰǧͳԷ٣Ǽ˱˻
¥ɭ޳ԲϲµĿջϲ࣬ߺҲΪʡǮ¥˼ż䣬ʮֺð˸㡣
ã¥Ĳ˶ûɼ˵Ĳ˹
ԹɼҵĴ⣬ҲǸĸĿζˡ
˸˵һЩ۵СˣĻʱΣĶϺӾûаʤ
ôֻ˵ˣҲںӾǾӣûг֮Σ
ĶԺӾӡ󲻴һ壬˰ѩ̺ͷ塣
ôãҲ֪ôˣүûдİǰѰӻ
ˣȵʱصˮȥҲ٣ЩҲֻͽա
û뵽ССĿջ˿ɿڵķˡ
³ϸ⣬˵ջװ޷һ㣬ζζ쳣Ŀɿڡ
İǲǴԹˣЩҲĺϿζ
йϵҲĲ
Ҳͷ¥ľƲˣȻûɼҵʳûɼҲƷȫҲɼңζ˺ů
ԲۣǼûԶˣ㣡
ߺۿźԺİ˸ˣǶ˼ĶһǸСôô
ߺֻǰʱ䣬ȴ֪һʱǶһ£˵˸ѾûԺúȺˡ
ԣҭˡ
ģǶԵ׶εıô
ųţܷ⡣
ΪȷʢĹƽԣǲںһˣҲ˵׶εıҪ˸˶Լ߳Ϊ񾳺ѡ֣ǵжԴ񾳵Ҳûпܵġ
ֻӭսˣܶԷʲôǿӶŵĳԱܲܽеǰɡ
ô˵ɽ˿ûо⣬ʦְ̫ˣ·ҪԼˡ
˵ҲǣӶŵ˾Բث֣ҪˣǰʮǷµǮͿһʹˡ
ǰʮôǵòء
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦĸߺֱë
Ѿͷʱ򻹺ãһ¶ЦݣʹĳҪùˡ
ӵһ׶εıʮ˵ڶ׶εıˣ׶εһʮ˽赽Ľ׶εһˡ
ı֮ӭ˵׶εıһαҪһ֮оʤʮ˽׶ε¡
˵һ׶֮󣬽һȫͬı
Ϊ˱ĳЩ׶αһ˶Ŀ֮³ǩģң߲þ齪İ˱·ֿ˸񾳳ڵΪ˷ֳ顣
³ĸһ顣ңų磬κȺһ顣
³һ鱻ֵ˵׶εһųκȺĸ˱ֵ˵׶һ
ңΪ˷ֹм䷢ʲô۶ӣ߲þĲлڰ˸ԼᰵѲ˺þãȷûκζ֮ʼ
ɶ˼úǻһ
ƲƲ죬ڹϯϿżʼĵһ
׶εһĸ֮⣬񾳺ڵѡֺڵѡ֡
һֱΪ񾳳ڵߣ˸ĸ˷У˿ʼ˻ս
Բۣôô
ڹϯϵĽĶоϵļҳ̶ȣȱ첲ʲôĲ˵ˣ޲ðԼ̵þʹ
Ҳǣغ˵׶νֻʮˣǴˣҪڵϰʱ䡣
˻ս֮£˳ȥںһ񾳺ڵ߲߱þҽʦæϳΣǽڵߴıԵ˻
С飬ʣĸˡ
񾳺ڵһ׿Զһħĺ
񾳺ڵǿߣ³̺ͻ붯֣һǰ
ħ֣ʿڸ̨Ͽأ˰
ָŸ̨ϹۿʣħԹű壬һΪеĻݾˮˡ
һ棬ħ嶼Ҫһң־ħϢմȾʹ顣䣬ħʥ
˫ֶءǰһνıЦħߡ
ĸ񾳳ڵѡַҲ߲һһ⣬ǵǰлħС
ʲô𣬲һҪ
ħĺ׹¶ɱŷš
ȻһĸУ˵ħ岻壬ĸ߶ɱˡ
ߣһСС壬ħᲢۣӱȽ֮Ⱥ顣
ħһ仰˶־ƱҪɱ֮ڽˡ
׿Զô᲻õǼö˻ɱȺҲ֮ô
ЦħˣҲ١
˵䣬׿Զħ񾳺ڵߴǽһѷ֣֪ĻΪɱ֮֮ޡ
ߣ
һĨεЦ⸡ڴǣָָд򶷵Ķˣе쳣Į
̻ǽôħ󣡡
ܴܲĹħһ˵ôͬʱһ˵
¶֮еκһˣ֮˵һöתעʩзħ󷨡
ǻʿʱ򣬷ħѾܹһħޣ̤񾳣ħ󷨵Ǿ޴
ڵʵ֮ϣڸ⣬ǧƵ׵һһĻ׿Զͺϵʱ򣬶ʶԼĸƭˡ
֮е׵ǳ˫۾һȥδᱻ׵С
գڶ˱֮ǰѡ䣬Ҳջ˷ħ󷨡
׶εһˡ
űĽ˿ʣʵ˵ͷ֮³һ
ģĸǲеˡ
ÿһԽˣһְˡ
ڵһ֮󣬵ڶ߽볡ϡ
ϻŵһߵѪ
Ѵ֮ͽ񾳺ڵѡ֣
Ҳˣʣµһһħ壬ҪȻⲻһභ
ڽߣڶԱ볡ʽָָΪ׵ᰡ
ʦ볡ˡ

1347 Цأأ

1347 Цأأ
ڶʮ볡Ϊ׵ıᰡ
Ǵ񾳵ߣ֪ˡ
ҲΪˣһЩ񾳺ڵѡѡ˽ˣһжᰡ
ʵǲпģǴ񾳵ѡ֣˵񾳺ڵѡֽˡ
ʮ񾳺ڵѡҲС
Ϣʱ䣬񾳺ڵ߷׷׵ףʣµĸкڵԭأ˿ֿ˿˴ˡ
ˣǴ򲻹ңҲǣͰĽ׶αɡ
ɢĴһǷ˵һûȥĸˣֻ˸ط˸
һʱıʱˣ᰽˵׶εı
һεʢǲжһʢֽɽΡôƵġ
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գһĻƣģų磬κȺ˽һ
뵽׶αһʮˣİȫУȲ̶ܸô˷˼ٽˡ
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1348 ҪҪôֱ

1348 ҪҪôֱ
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ںǰļ˾ȥ˻صɼҡ
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ھ󲿷˵ӡУİǿŸְĻԼ˹ʺ˲ߵ˵׶Σʵֻ񾳳ڵߣΪȷһ׶ܹȻѡ˸ˡ
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1349 ɱ

1349 ɱ
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ģԣų磬κȣ³̺˼Լƣĸһ顣
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Ϊ׶εıҪ뵽ؾɭ֮Уջ޵ڵΪʤı׼
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߲þĲűĹ򣬽ؾɭ֮УؾɭŸָϹŵľħ޵ȵȡ
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ҲǱౣİˡ
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ȻͻǺľޣ˾ĴڣԽİ˽ϣֻܱһжֻбķݶ


һŭص˶ߣ³һȭͻĸͻΪ֮

һһѵͻĸĴͳһöڵ
ͻڵɫģ쳣
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ҡҡͷʾԼ˺͵鹵ͨǷ޻ǳ˾ֵĻľΨ͸˵ġ
Ҳǣ㸴ӣһôöû취ײ͸ԡ
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û뵽绹ûɣͱ˸Щɱ
ȻϢ֮ѾˣҵҲˣܴܲﵽڵҪ컯ˡ

1350 ѡ

1350 ѡ
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᲻ƭǣĻкľ޵ڵô
޿ܡ
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˵Ҳܵ˴Ԩ֮ŷϢǼֲһ޷ݵӴӦڵɢϢ
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ôһ˵קСββܵԼǰ
ιСһѡ񡣡
գգ۾ǿ־ˮСģôίˡ
ʲôѡ񡣡
һˣԵñůڶ
ѡһ
βѹĿҪ˵ĵڶʲôֱѡһ
ôɴôһ£
ΪʲôҪڹ¡˵Ԩ˺þãԲůǵһҪߵŶҪߣˡ
С겻֪ʲô˼һܳԵñůʲô⣬ܱûóûúȻҪвĺá
ˣˣˣˣ
ץβ͵ڰеľβСצӱŽĵ֣СԴһĲͣﻹ˵Ļ
⣬ǲе̫ˣ
ҪħħʲôĶ;βһոǻǶôһ顣
ĽԼѪ˾βüģߵ޽Լ顣
βڸӦѪе֮ʱһϤĸо
ˣɶʱ뿪ȥѽ
żڵ
ڵҰкöء

1351 Ϲβ

1351 Ϲβ
ҪڵʲôǶһ㶼ֵǮкööڵ
СβָĶѨſⶴѨ֮Уʯ顣
ҲܲµʯĻҽ֮󣬳ǰһſڵ
ԲۣǲǷˣû뵽СȻôС
³˫͹Ҫ֪ЩɶϹźľ޵ڵ
ô˵ɣ˵ϹźľˣһѰħ޵ڵ޶ļ룬˵Ϲźľ޵ڵһôϹž޵ڵ
ǶǮ
³һڵǰʱ򣬽ԺҲ׷׹żֵ
ǣڳĲǰ˸ˣʦֺơ
ҪڵɱԽģһɽڵǸ൱ա
ʦ֣ơ
תͷһ˫ЦվǰĶˡ
Ҫʲô
Ȼͽദʱֻʢ֮ӣ̶̵ʮգҲ˽⽪Ǹʲôˡ
ƣĺڣһЦ׼ûк¶ҺɽڵܲɷֵĹϵ
ģ׻˵úãзݣʦҲ̰һЩڵͺãʣµ⡣
ȱԼ̬ȣֻҪԼڵͳɣǮǮĶνؼʲôȱǲȱǮ
֪ʦΪ˳죬½ء
ĲڵϰڵԣϾʢʱưǣǲԸ
ǣЩڵӴ󣬲Ƕǣκ˵һ޴աǻ֪˵Ļһռƣʱ˵ڵˣëǶϷֲ
˵Ȱѻ˵Ϊãʡĵʱ˫ִѿˡ
Ȼ˽е˼ΪΣһɽһɽڵϵԾǵȻء
ҺһԲκһ˵ʡ
ƳϣԼһʼ˽ģŽİ˸ʵðա
ԼİΣǺƽദ졣
ãȻˣʦֺ½ȥʺԼڵǡ
ԨУ᰺ѰԼº͵ڵڵеϥڵϽڤС
ˣ׷ڵϿʼΨġ
һڤˣĳ̾һ
ſڽļϵСβһ˫Ĵ۾Žģǲ⡣
ˣΪʲôѽ
Сβܵ˽̾Ϣеʧ䣬βɨա
ŶǲΪûҵԼڵԲˣ
ķ仡Сβ̾ϢԭΪΣβڰлţһһ߻ͷкŽĸϡ
ˣиö㿴
СβɽµͱϣͱϻһɽɽڸǵʵʵСβ·Ļ滹ɽ
ĸСβɽУĺɫϢԨеĺҪŨһЩ
ЩԾɲħɷȵȣϹźľγɵĺѡ
ɽһֱߣһʱ䣬һȻĶѨڽǰѨУһһôİɫӰʯϡ
ˣ㿴ڵԺϲϣ
ʲô
ڵѽ
СβشŽĵʡ
⵱Ȼڵˣô򵥵⻹ô
ʵʲôǲڵǺֺľ޵ڵ
ڵҲȭͷôСˣҲϹźľ޵ڵҪֻ֪оǧʱгڵôڵǺС
ӦǾβڵˣҾǴġ
Ǵڵģ
ڵСô
ѽ̸ô˵ģ˵ۿҴڵġ
һ뵽Сʲôĵһ۵һͿ˳
СĿĵ˼ʵذС
ôˣô˵޾Ϳˡ
Һ̡
СˮӿſڽĵĻп޵ǽһġ
Ϊ˱ңЩ˸ˡء
壿ǰԨô
ţҸ˵ȺüĶһģ˵壬ػػ
һʱĳ棬СȺǺ⡣
˺˲ˣڰȫˣ˹
ıС˼ϣǰشŰɫһڵ
ָ䴥ڵʱһ˲䣬ʶһ֮С
һƬãã磬ΧŨѹֵ޷Ϣ
ڰɫУһµŮӻڽĵڣŮһͷҫ۵ȴǼģβͲϵڿ趯š
ûĻӦڵˣڵС
ϹŮһ۱㿴˱ʡ
Ůӿڣһʥׯϡ
˼һ£ҽнģϹŮ񡣡
Ҳ֪ԼѾ˶ٴΣǽģǰϹŮ񣬵Ծǽġ
˵ϹŮͽĶһģûκ𡣡
Ů˵Ŀӽĳֿʼһֱ
˵ģδ뵽Լʶɢ֮ǰ˾ȻϹŮ
찲ŵ˰ɡ
㡭
ȽĿʳΪνҵʶʱŮпڴ˽ĵĻ
ʣµʱ䲻ˣȻԵǺ㵱ˣҪ縺ԼΡ
סɶΣ
ĺεĴŮӵĻ
ҪʲôΣ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҲӦ˾βϢΪΪǺӵˣҪϹžβˡ
ŮԽ˵ԽɱΡ
βŮۣתΪˣŻоϤϢһ䣬Ϲžβɶ˼
ıҪףĪֵʲô˲˵Ķ
Ϲʱβ֮ϴκӴڵħ֮սҾβ壬ҺڵǿΪ
Ů˵͹Ϲ飬βľ壬һĺ岻ͬħ֮սս쵽
һβ壬ƤȢڵԴˣħΪǿʵɱβ塣
ΪܹϹžβɢڸأһɭ֮С
ԭలµǧǰ׷ɭڣΪľеΪֻһ˿Ԫڵ֮УСβտ

1352 û¶£

1352 û¶£
Ů֮˵Сβ˵޼ٴˣСβһ뿪ɭ֡
壬ôȱô
Ȼ˵ĴδӴ˿ഫϹ壬ݹ۸汾ĹУûʲô¶ȱµˡ
Ҳˣҵʶɢɢ֮ڵ棬Ӧһ顣
һѰɣ
룬ŮҪи鶨Ȼ򵥣񵱳ڵʱ˪صûλҸ顣
ֻҪԣչ˺Сס
Щ飬Ѿ͸ˣĴ鶼˲ҵģˣС׺úõĻȥҪִڸ
˶ô
ԣ˶ѣúչ˺Сף뿪ԨĪҪȺ޳ܻ쵰
Ů˵Ļǧ㲻ᣬȻˣ֧ʶһ˿Ҳʧ
Ůʧʱڵ֮еԶԶϵķӿ뽪ĵڡ
ĵʶҲصʵУڵֻ֮һָо
ˣôˣ
û¶¡Ż
һôһʱ޷ĽһԵĽѹŵŸҹ˳
ˣһΪȥˡ
СβһֱһԽŽģɶ˺üʱʱ䣬˶ûʲôӦ
θĶȫ³֮󣬽žһЩ
û¶ˡ
ЩϾһڵеȫӿ룬ҲܲգǸоʵܡ
һԱ˵ӲָһͰ׷ʮͰ׷һĸо
߰ɡ
ڵеѾȫʧһʯͷЩصӴžβС뿪ɽ
ʱѾɽȴʱ䡣
⣬ʱѣ
Ͼ׶εıֻʮʱʱ䣬Ҳ֪ڹ˶á
صԨʱᰵ˻ϥ֪ʱ֮ѹָʶ
ʦ֣ͻˣ
ҪЩʦõĿţҪˣΪͣͲǰΪҲͻľ硣
ͻ˴񾳽ڵΪ˺֮С
ƴʱҲ˹һᰣ˪һ˵һ仰ʵ˾㵵°͡
ʸ˯ҡ
Ůӡôô
˵³̡
³̣κȣų磬߸˵ΪҲͻƵ˴ڵΪ
񾳳ڲ񾳣һ˿Ҫߵ׶Σʺõ˹ҲҪʮʮ귽ɡ
ǣĳЩ˴񾳳ֻ̤˶̶²ʱ䣬ڱֻʱ䡣
Ȼⲻʲô
һߴӴ񾳳ڵûиٰʮ²ģȻ⻹Ҫ˵еţб̬Ҳķʮʱ䡣
³̵˴Ӵ񾳳ڵڣֻ˼ѡ
֪˰˸˽ٶ˿ֲҲҪˡ
ƵĿ⿴˿ĵˣĸоĵ˵ı仯һҪ˸ˡ
һʹȻҪҲҪȴٶȹ죬ﲻι̣պ˵سɴ󻼡
л½ѣʢ֮ǻȥ
˵Ļ½үӽǵĻһ£緿һǵػûдãһ˱ʣΪ˷档
Ϊ˲ǵΪһɥʢ֮Ҫúõһ»Ϊ
ˣۿʱҲ쵽ˣ뿪ɡ
ʮʱʣʱȥԭʼɭֵڴҲ˽ԭʼɭֵǸصҲҪķһʱʱ䡣
ϵĻҳշУ˸ڷȥ
ٶȣһʱɵ˭֪·ȴ˱ʡ
ʲô
۷·ϱһƬɫ֡
ħ
ħһʮаϢ
᰺üͷƣΪ˶ħ൱С
ᰴһӣһϣеĽ磬ܹħ
ƿһᰣл
Ũа֮
˹ڵϡ
ò£ʱûЩаϢȥʱ֣Ȼǵ׶βϰΪľǷֹͨ
ɫ˷Բʮϵ¡
ô죬һʱͽ˱ˡ
һʱʱ䣬ǲʱϣԶжΪȫ
һӡ
ʱվǰʾ⽪ᰵ˺ˣɫĳӶڰУȳķ紵ɫʱȻɢ
Ҽֲ˶á

1353 ӱ

1353 ӱ
ɫһأ¿Ե
Լе˺ɫǰɢЩͨһ·
ߣ
֪Լֲ˶õʱ䣬ɫ֮вӵħоʮֵĲʡ
ɲ֪ΪΣ뿴ΪʱܱΪʵѡ
½㣡
ߣ
ץסģһԾ뱡ĺɫ֮У˽ʧеӰƾȻһ
еħڶʱִ¾ۺһ屾±ħմȾǱȾĻӴԺҲ̤壬ΪһĴڡ
ɫؼʱƱУʱԭʧᰳƵǰ
㡭ôˣ
Ȼǽˡ
һĨƦʮЦݸᰵϣǰƱڻУΧһ赲Ľ硣
ҵĽ粻֪ܳŶõʱ䣬Ҫͦס
š
û˵ٶĻ˫ץסᰵ½
һʱ䣬֮г᰺ƵӰһ
½ôˣ
û¶ֻǱħȾЩ뿪ɭֻصɭ޳ǵʱڸҽҲ١
ѾΪѹסħһУֻеȵصɭ޳Ƿɡ
һǺ˶Щ˸ɵĺ¶
˽֪˶ط粻ԸУ׶εֻһħ壬Щеħɱħ޵ǿߡ
ΪҪһ㣬ʮ֮УΨһħ޵ǿں˶һ飬Ǻ˶ɵĺ¶
У˶ģ
˫ĵĿиֳһ㺮˪
߰ɡ
ĿǰΪֹΪҪı뿪ɭֻصţϾҲ֪Щ˻ˣʲôĲǱɵֶΡ
š
ᰱѾ˯ȥƣһʮڵ׶αʱһӸϻ
ĸͳУʮ˵ʱ򣬸ߺĻص³һ
ãڹؼʱ˻
Ҿ˵ˣЩС̬һܼʱ֡
ߺɿ˽ŵ˫ȭֲŶͷϵ亹
ⷽΪ̫δ˿ڱѣһ֮ŸӦ˿ѾѪǡ
ϴѪˡ
ôȿһȥӰ˿ȥ
ߺۺٺٵЦţĻϺܷǱӡ
ǹİɣƹȻԸϴ̬Ⱥ࣬ҲӵĽţֶĵġ
һߣϵ鶼Ѿصԭʼ㣬ҲʱĽˡ
飬ÿ齫ԼõĺľڵϽ
һ飬öڵ
ڶ飬öڵ
飬öڵ
Ҫ֪ԭʼɭ֮дŵĿǺľޣʮ˺ҲҪķѺóʱ仹ҪСģܻɱһͷľޡ
õöڵѾĴˣοöڵ
ǰ鶼ԼõڵϽ߲þУűǵ飬ҲǺ˶һ顣
ߣöڵҲ˼֡
ĺ˶ʮֵĿ۷ǰһӣʮöڵòþǰһ˵ľ
ʮʮöڵ
ǿһܺͣû뵽˶һ龹ȻӺľõʮöڵ⡭ֱ˼顣
ˣһһǺ˶һ飬ʢһҲֻк˶ˡ
˸ûѽһУǣһ񾳵ѡ֣ǰ˸񾳳ڵѡֻľģڵǺǣ
Ͻڵ
ȥɣҸơ
᰿һ۽ģʾ⽪ĴһϽľ޵ڵڽ٣ͿԼˡ
š
ǰߵм䣬߲þеߣж§һźľ޵ڵ
һ˲䣬˶Ц
һڵᰣһҵ˼㡣
ź˶ĳЦҲЦ
ϯϣܷĵǵĿŽģüͷšһɡ
磬ǲֻҵһڵɡ
ãѾͷԸֻҵһڵ˵ô
Ļ˽⽪ģʲôʲôԸ񣬹ڵĺܣһӵĻˮ˵¶ȻԼ뷨ҲڴĻʲôΪ˵ľٶ
ȵȣУ
ִ˦һźľ޵ڵ
öڵôǱ
ȵȣһţһᣡ
׶αǰһִ̣óһڵ
ڵ
п˿ģҲóĿڵ׶αǰһ֣һóڵ
ڵ
öڵǾͺ͵һˡ
ԣ㿴ĺҪڵҵ찡öڵȵһڶ͵鶼ࡣ
Բԣöڵ
öڵ
һһڵţ߲þǰʱóڵòеɫڵ˼㡣
ǻڵĻһóûеĻҪˡ
Уҹ𼱣
ڰöڵھöڵʮöڵ
ӶѾóʮöڵ
ϵıѾ֪ôݡ
ҵ찡ʮöڵʲôĴڡ
񾳵߸Ű˸񾳳ڵвһӱʮöڵȺ˶һ黹Ҫöڵ
쿴쿴һﻹ뻹У
һ۾ǷܴóڵҲǶŽĿһֱû
һνóĲڵǵԼʮĹǰ߲þеǰź˶ǰͳһѹӡ
ǡ
УôĽ֮ǺȥԷ
ڵûУǿ϶ģУһһѡ
ôǵȻãʮڵΪ身˶ĿĴﵽˣȻڰװ׳ڵ߲þֲɵӡ
ǡ
һŹӣһߴߴŲиϽ
ɫôľˣգĿ֮˵׶αĽ
š
ʱˣЩҪͺ˶˵
ʲô
˶˫ŭŽġ
Ҳû뵽Ȼõ˷ͷߣ
ѣȵһûôõ
ʲôֻɭõЩֶΣȵ˾֮ʱǻӱ
һĨЦ⸡ڽĵĴϣЦûһ˿һ¶ȣеֻǶԵ˵ɱ⡣
ǵģĶԺ˶ɱġ
ڣǵȵϣǵĵжһ
ǰľԲΪԼʵ񾳽ĺ˶֡
ɽʱͬգϼ
һۺ˶ӵеĹӣתʧϡ
ʱϯϿϷĿҡͷϧ˱ڵϵĹӣҪǰʮħӣҪȥϰѵϵĹһɡ

1354 ʧѪĸ

1354 ʧѪĸ
Ŀһ̾һŽĲ֪ϧöԡ
ŮˣԽԽ˼ˡ
һĨЦ⸡ĴǣһɫĵЦǽһ
֪ʲôݣĿϵı飬ɭɭķ䡣
㰮˽ģħ˻Ūġ
Ŀ˵ЦˣϾǳˡ
˵仰ʱǵĿۣ︹һ䱾Ͼǳ˵Ļ
ۿɭĽҲ챻ʴĲˣǺ棬ѡϷأѡȥȽĵˡ
е˼ֻĿס
ݵ˼֮Ŀ̯˫ձʾΪ
ҪȽĵˣҲҪ²ǣ˵ˣɲͺڰΪС
ʱô˵ţĿлżֵǡ
³һĿŽʧĵطһ˫ŵ˵ʲôһ㡣
ģһεĽҪԼȹñʧǡ
Ȼòˡ
ǵЦŨңһķ
ʱжˡ
ǡ
˲֮һɢǴδֹһ
ֻǣǶݵһɲǣһϮµʶ
һߣѾصɼҵİ˸˴س׼һӽϲԵĸֲȣԸŮǺúõźˡ
أ
ŷĽĲδ壬һԵܷŬŬ죬˿ƹķ䡣
Ǵԭʼɭֳ֮󣬸ϴ̫˷ܵ˿ڱѣⲻðƹ˿ڡ
áðƹ˿ڣأ
ƻҽô˵˿ˣĲҩֱ塣
ΪʧѪڰУκȺĵŶ롣
һҪѪȵζǽһѬ죬ˣϵմȾѪİײȥֲ쳣
ҵ찡岻˰ɣ
ӦûУûЦô
ѰǹЦƿڲķţֻϵĸߺɷ׵Цţڴߵĸߺ۷˿ڵİȴͷǺˮ
û¶żһһ˿ھͳɣҲۡ
ߺٲȻʧѪľˣֽæҵ߷Ÿߺֱϵ˿ڣⲻ컹ãΪַ֮˿ڶѡ
ƹɣ
κȿȥˣ´˶ĸһСС廨£ӰнӹߣóֹѪҩȵ˿ϡ
壬Ϊ˰飽һа
κֻô˵ˡ
ҪһᣬĽվǸߺ۵ļˡ
ڣ˺һ֮κڽߺ۱ѵ˿·һ
ڲմˮ
ԭĻָٶȣٹһʱ˿ھͿϣɾôһڣÿʮ¸޷˿ˡ
Ϊ˰äĿݶϣߺҲǸ˲š
ƴʼնվڸߺ۵ߣмǺǸ⡣
ŽĵһߣСŰƺ͸ߺˡ
ģƲϹ۾˸ɡ
ܣϾ˰Ƶټϰǰʱ˰ưȫУҲǲܵ顣
ǰɡ˱ϾһߣһѰˣһĻʲô֪
ǰҲʼУܻĳãҲվȥһ죬ʱʣ¸һˡۡ
С˶ֹ˵ʲô
ߺۿͽģǲǱء
Ȼ˵¶ء
ǰһöָ˸ߺǰ
ɶ
ߺ۲ĿǰĽָʲô
ľ޵ڵӦиһǧŰɡ
⻹ǴԼĽ
ЩڵǴԨҵģӶΪ˸˸˴鷳Ǻľ˼Ҳƣ˸˶֪жͼˣȻҲӶŵһүÿ춼Կʲ˵ġ
һźľ޵ڵʮ򵽰ļ۸ЩڵӶŵĲƿһη
ȥ֪ǼС˵ˡ
ŸߺϵЦݣЦţһ仰øߺ˲ʧȥ¡
ڵѾĻ϶˵ˣԣЩڵӶŹеĲƲ
֪ߺһмˣһڵģҪѾĻ϶˵ڵ¶˽ڵĻĻ϶һøһƤġ
Ҳǽеڵ˸ߺۣСС׶Ӻͺڷ׽ڵѾѡˣʣµһǧڵǶûʲôģԽĲŻ˴󷽵Ľ
ƣˮ
ã͸Ūȥߴһᡣ
Ʋδߺ仰֧
ģȣҲ⣬Ҳˡ
壬֪Ҫ˵ʲôûʺֱڵ
ߺðͨЩڵеĵ·ʱͿͬٲõвͨ
һ˭Ҳ֪ƵʲʺʺˣЩڵǧ֣һǺϣһ⣬˵δ֪顣
ҲģͰƹϲƵĵҩðƹպ񣬾ҪƹԼ컯ˡ
˵ֻͨһվзӵģⶼҪǲĸԸһ𣬻ֻǼ򵥵ıô򵥡
Ͼദһӵ飬ǿ󣬱㲻Ҹ
ǵ˼
ֻҪн仰ˡ
ңҲðԼϱ
û£ô˼֮Ϊүǡ
ҹɫɭ޳ǡ
׶εıĻˣİ˱š
Ͼ˭Ҳû뵽˸˾Ȼ߽׶εıһóɼ
ɭ޳ǵĴϣĺκȶȥۼĵط
סİӣ֮ͨ£ŮɫЩ԰׵ơ
½㣬Щô
ްˣϢһϱܲμյı
ѵЦţһͷɢ࣬¹ҫ£˳
Ĵӻóһڵһöľ޵ڵСոҳģʺ
ɣãҲܽܡ
½㣬ɭ֮û㣬Ҳ뿪һСС⡣
Ľڵǿе͵ƵС
Ӵ嶼ĸĴڣȴһȻҲǸģĵ
ҲǽĺκƵԭ
ðɣǱлˡ
½˵Цˣ½㿴һ²֢
š
κǰ̽ѰƵ󣬱Ͼ屻ħȾ³ʮأҪȷһʧĺá
ʱ߽һˣϢߵҪļ򡢡
һ˲䣬һץסʵ֣һĹˤˤڵء

1355 

1355 
𡭡ʣ
ֻǲ˽δо˱ʣԣֵʱһץס˸ˤ
Ҳû뵽ľȻȾٶǼһˤ
һʱ䣬סˣסˣҲסˡ
Ƭ֮Ц˳
Ǽĸ֮󣬵ڶˤ޵ˡ
ƺһϤˣϾڼĵʱҲôˤ
ԭʰʧʧ󣡡
Цţʾһжʧ
ȥɡ
ʻ˻֣Ƿ׷ȥ
°ɣҲнˣûбˡ
кŽ£һЩҳ顣
ʣô
޵ʱɽׯΪβ
İʵʱɽׯĵĿ⿴˿ڽƵת߿˿ʡ
ѲʵӡɣĻʦֲͲˣ
޵ŮҲȻͬİС
Ҳÿĵı飬ʱ֪ˡ
ôһ˵³һ
ԭˣʵŮ
ŶŶŶû뵽½ʵŮ
εЦţڸԼղ뷨
ģԭʼɭзʲô֪ⲻ˵һ˵
Ȼˣƾʺҵ׵Ĺϵ˵ˣһ֪޲޲
˵ǽһ죬֤ԼһὫ֪ȫʡ
ʲôıʲôӽɭֵԨ֮С
ԨпɷʲôرĶô
С
ĵ˵ͷԨзֵĶ
ҵһЩľ޵ڵΪЩڵʺڵЩʺıûˡ
ĸʣһ˼ڵԨзһЩԶž޵ʬǣ֮ʲôûˡ
ɽзֵһڵԼСͳͳû˵ڡ
ɵӲŽôڵأҲ˵ġ
˶ô
ţ˶ѣˣһ飬Ԩзһóóߵĺǡ
˵ߵĺǵʱʵһ㶣ʶĿеߡ
ߵĺϿɷʲô
ûУֻкǣʱʶô
ķʣڳĬƬ֮󣬻ںͽ˵Լ뽪ĿΪĴ֮ԨԴ
ĿеĴ߱ǸС׳Ϊ˱С׶İߣҲʿе÷
߱Ĺʶһ
ǲ֪ΪΣʧˣ˵ԭʼɭ֮С
ҲǰɭѰ˲¼ʮΣҲߵĴڡ
˰߻˺ǣڵ֪ԼѰ˼ǧ÷֮ʱǧӿϡ
ܸʽڰ˳źá
š
ĺһЩ飬ʱ֮뿪İӡ
κȿ˿ģмֲ⣬ֲͶʵĲ⡣
ĺȫ̶ֻǣΪ峤Լһ˺޷չǰɡ
ʺ͸ɵʶǲЩ̫ڡ˵ͨˡ
ģʵ˵ʲô
֪˵ʲôô򵥵飬Ϊӽ˵һ֧
ʰǺܶΣҲ׵ʶϾӦŮҪСףȱһЩȽϺãǰˣСף߶˵õ顣
ģһᣬȥЩҩݡ
ߵҩǰκ߲ˣɭ޳ǵҩкܶ⡣
̫Ϥλôˣ˵ͷ
ҾڶĲ̯㡣
һ֣ҩ̶һ̯ڲ̯ϵЩʳһ߳һߵκȡ
֪һȽҩÿʱǳġ
ʱһϢڽ
ħ
ǿħǣ֮⣬һ־ΥϢ
ͷ
˻˿ڣһϮ¹䲻ĵط
ļ˵ۿҲ΢΢
þò
˵̫ĻԽˣԽǲ֪˵ʲô
㻹ôôЩԵ̫ãֻһþòк
ǰþòټ֮ʱǶ񾳡
˵ж˼οƻҡΣ΢΢ĵƹҵӰеˡ
űɫĸǵڵƹʧʱϤ֮иŨҡ
һȫˣһΪ׳Լħˣһ۵ˡ
Цţ³һ
ôˡ
һҲȲѣ뿪֮󣬽ͲߣסҪɭ򿪣Ŀǻ
һ͵͵Ҳð˼ΣգǱֵĻĵ˵İΣҲᱻǣС
ͷһ۽ģܡ
Ҫô
ţڰ񼴽٣ҪҪȥ
£ʧˣδֹһ
һ˲䣬̶̵ļ仰Ѿȥ
ĴŵùһֻͲ˽ָУǧζӿͷ
Ǿ仰һе鳾䶨֮һ뾡һеİ취»ص֮С
ģôˣ
κһҩߣŽеɵʲô
ȥ˵
á
ҩȻһЩҩݣǼ۸ߵףֵãκȲŻô뿪ҩ̡
صɼңټ˸ˣ
ʱÿһǶݵĳĬš
˵ģû٣еһ
˵ǰֻǸթĺ꣬ڣ³ǴĵҲͬ飬Ǿ塣
ΪңҲҪˣһ㣬
ԡ
һɭ޳ǣҪĵϢֻһͲô򵥡
£Ŀܺһɮģߵý
Ŀ˭ǿʮħ֮һƷΪȴʮħǰʮĴڣĻ˵Ļʮħϴλöø
ĿеǾԲһټ֣˲²һɮݡ
ɮ᲻
ܣʲôҪСССĲŶԡ
罪˵һʲôԭҲɮǲ֮ڿʼκҪӱСĵӦԣԲܷ
գء
׶ε½˶ʮˣᰣƣĵȰˣӺ˶ʮˡ
Ķʮ˽˵߽׶εı߽׶α˼Ϊʮ飬ս

1356 ȥ

1356 ȥ
֪˻ǲˣİ˸˸Աֵ˲ͬ飬ԲͬĶ֣ᰵĶơ
˵֪Уڴ󲿷ֵ˵֪Уİ˸˻񾳳ڵѡ֡
˱ţߵ˵߽׶εı񣬰˸˷ֿԶͬĶ֣ǾͲˣ˸˻õ
ϱʮÿһֶվԼС
Ϊ˱˸˻൷⽫˵һλá
ߣ֣Ϊǻкһôɣ
ŵؾƣ˫ֶż򣬸һ΢Ц
һʼ
˵߽׶α󿴵㣬һ񾳵߶ԾڶǽĵĵȰ˸񾳳ڵѡֱᡣ
ϣ̾һ˫ֱ
ôĴӣӳְɡ
˵пޣŮˣŮ˵˶Ǻˣοϵ椡
㣬ҰɣĸԸ
еЦޱȣЦȴǿ˶죬ָǽġ
򻮷ֵߣһһĴˡ
ʦ֣ܱܲˡ
ʲôжˣ¶ɩӣܴɩô
᰸߽ƵɩӣҸ߽ģΪ˴ǲԡ
½㣬㾡ֻܴҪһҾܾȻʦ֡
첲⳯գʦ̫ˣ͸еһƴ
ЦҲûжֵ˼֮ᰣ˵š
ԭʼɭ֮۷һܲ׷ңԣҪһ¼飬ֻҪͨǱһ𡣡
˵
ᰲҪ˵ʲôֻҪɥ飬
ãһʵŮҪ׷ңҪʵ׼
ڶһֽĿĻ˵ֻѩɽ֮ϲУкػţҪժһĿҡ
˵ŵһڶЦӦš
ǰ裬Ϊһʵͬ⣬ڶʢ֮Ϊ뿪ǰѩɽժȡĿ
ţе
һڶ˵£Ҫǿıǵ㡣
㣬һЩ硣֪һ𣬱ҪЩ硣£ǲܣͬİ·Ϊá
ô᲻֪ǵ¶ǸΪߵŮϡ
һо˵һǰܣ֮飬κ춯ʧ
Σ
ӷģΪֻһˣ
סʦ֣˵⻰ҲⱨӦ
ҪôжôĿᰣ˵ģ硣һʦֿһָĴڣܸĵ˳ʺô
ĶᰱĻɡ
Ѿģ㻹ǲʦð
˼ҵ½ѣҪΪ½¿ǡ
ʦǶǲҲΪԼʦ־ͻ̣˻½һ˵ҪȰ˵һ½㣬ĪҪ졣
Ļ򲻴Ū㣡
ʱûг֣ĵľٶǵöŭ
໰üװͷ¿Ŷ֡
һҸ棬ûʱǧҪҡ
һԼٶȳڵؾߵǰڵؾ߻δع֮ʣһƼݺݵػĸ
һΧըһ㲨Ҳ쿪ҳ
ؾ߱һƻǽϣ˶ʯǽڣ۶۲֡
ɶ¶
֪Ϳһˢһӹȥˡ
Բۣؾ߱ǽ棬ҵ찡˭֣
ؾߵĶֲǽô
Žעƶ˵תڽĵϡ
ֻһϮ£˫ֱ֣ǰ֮Ŀġ
ܰ
ܵ飡
һ񾳳ڵô񾳺ڵǿߣǡǽĲ񾳳ڵߡ
飡
飡
飡
һߵ죬ֻһһ׼ݵķɵʯǽϡ
Щ񾳺ڵߣɽȷʵһʹĺ޻֮
ģκȣ³̣ų磬ԣ߸˲֪ʱһ𣬶һԿʼŹӣĿ᰺ƶ˵ϣȫȻⱻǴܵĶԼڳʮھ㵵Ŀ⡣
զ¶
˭ܺĵķȱǵ׷ʲô飿
񾳺ڵα񾳳ڵôҡ
׷ʲô
࣡
ſˮһһʲ
ҲסˣûӦɶͿವļӰʯǽڡ
죬ˣ
һ֮󣬷ӦĲвŻعæʾ߲þҽʦˣϾ񾳺ڵߣвףǧܳʲô
̨ϣ峤ϵˣ֣Ҳ֪ɹãǱġ
Ů峤Žĵˣǵͷҡͷ
ͷǶǳɳٶȵҡͷǱʾ档
峤Ѿͷʱǻδ̤ؾ۷壬ȴǴڵǿߣʼǱ峤Ľ
ˣСһĽȫʵΪ
ʲôĸĸʲôŮ
ǧ㼯һ仰Ҳֻ仰Ϊݽˡ
Ŷô˵ʶĵĸĸˡ
ţҲʶܹλĶ󡣡
ҲΪˣʲŻΰһ˶ɹѹء
һתЦž峤
ˣҲ˸߾峤ˣΪ鸸ĸɶڽĴء
ڽĴǺεǿĴڣ峤ſˮתͷɫӲĿʣ֪ÿ޸Ц
ǹ⣡
֪ĵĵȴƫƫʲôҲ˵
ģˣ
ϣڰ˳ԱѾȷԶ䣬ǱȥҲᰵĶ֡
ˣҲˡ
³Ŀᰣô˵ҲѧһЩöԼϱӦûвЧ
ϱңҵⱲΨһİˣҰ
Ұ㻹û˵ڣһˤ³̸ˤڵأϲɬ糺֮⡣
ȣѣҶߡ
硣
κųĸףУСˮ
£˵黰ɽȴر
һˤˤڵϵ³תһ֧ԴһֿŽţüͷһʡ
ĸأ̬ȳϿ룬ģΪɶȴ³ء
̰ɣû
ɣҲû
ֻκǲͬԸŮӣеķκϾЧڻϾֻܰᡣ
·Զ⣬ȥɡ

1357 ħ

1357  ħ
߽׶εıԱ
ģ³̣ų磬κȣԣᰣͺ˶
˼ۿ˽İ˽񾳺ڵѡһкǽϿ۶۲Ļ棬ɻǲ⣬ǰ˸˵Ϊֻ񾳳ڣôܴù񾳺ڵѡأ
ʣ⣬ֲɰѲкĻ
ĻǴүӶŵеĶʵ˵˵һĻŲھŪġ
ܷŭۣһץסһ˵죬˵ű㽫˸̨
ΧҲ׷ס죬һİ
ܷ壬¡
ĻϿһܷ壬Ȼ͸Ŷٺǳζһ˫ŵ۾ȴھΧĿǣڶƱһĻͱˡ
࡫
ŴĻϱŷĺ䣬ٽһȺʵʵĹۿ
Ȼǵڰ˽׶α֮գҲǾ֮ա
ܼ򵥣ʮ˲ȡսģʽûʱƣվһ˱ʢĵһ
ʮֵļ㣬ǶڽȴʮֲпϾģϾܽ߶һˡ
ǰڱгʵѡֱȻΪ˹ҪĿꡣ
ǻ˵ˣûһаٵǿʵôõʢĵһ˸ء
߲þĲ˱򣬱ת뿪
ʮ˹Ĳ˳ϣʮ˳ΪĿĴڡ
˫ֶżЦź˪
˶ǵ˵Ļô
Ǹгرˣԭʼɭͺ˶䲻˸ϵԭǶԺ˶ûӵӡ󣬵񾳽֮ʹ˱ɵֶԸߣǺǣ
ǼΪǳҵԤ֮⣬̶̵ʱ񾳳ڲ˴ڵΪɭ磬˵ڽ磬Ҳûܴﵽ˵ٶȡ
˵ôûõģɱ˳ǷծǮ쾭飬˵ɣѡȺŹ
³̲ͺ˶īȻصڣ뿪ҲһʱˣҲ֪ʦôˡ
ǽľأʦһ˵ġ
ȺŹô
˶ɵ֪˿ΪĵȺŹһʵĴȻʲô
ʵ纫˶һ
³Цǽһ
أ㵥һȺŹأȺŹһ
⣬ǱĩĹ
񵱳Ǵһ㺫˶Ǵ񾳽ߣֺ޾޲
³һԾԼٶȳں˶ߣв֪ʱ񵶿˺˶
˶ϾǴ񾳽ڵߣսҲḻͻ³̣ԼһԸٶȥŶ³̵ʽ
Ƕ¡
ʱһߵǰʾ³̺ˡ
ͺ˶֮ĶԹҲǶ˽
˶Ǹոս񾳽ڵʵҲԨȡڵڣ˵ʵ൱
Ȼᰶô˵ˣİҲز֡
ӣһ輸Ӳˮڷźã˸Ƴ˳صϥ˵ϳŹӿϷ
Ǿ˭Ӯ
˵Ȼʦ֡
붼룬Ȼʦսʤ˶
ȻΪ壬ʴӱ˼Ȼûк˶ô׳Լĳƺ˶
˵ˣ˶Ϊж֮ޣҲΪƱΪ˶һ˰ˣթҲħϡ
˶ᰵУȴ˶ˣоеҰ
ңžУѧϰѧϰ
ʾ۾񾳽ڵߴܣڽ綥ʵײⳡϷǴһ˿һҪһӵġ
ڴ֮УȫɢһɫǿϢӺ˶ҲŷһɺɫӦе
᰺ͺ˶˴սһ֮ʣԭƵպȻܲ
Ʋѹüͣ·Ҫһһ˲䣬ؼûҰһƬ
ô¶
ǿħԣаϢ
ħа֮ͬϢֻвŸо
ǣô¶
ôˣ
ˣҪһ㿴㿴ƻתأǲҪˡ
֪㿴ɶ
ʱ̨ϵǷ׷̧ͷŴвϷɳĺĶܿģſЩɫӰһֻֻצĹ
ôǸɶ⣿
ȺӵĹƲзɳһֻֻϰֻǧֻֻŹԽ࣬ڿеаϢҲԽŨҡ
ڰУӰڰС
ĿĿ⿴ĵˣмֵǡ
վ񱰹ϥϥ˵ϡ
ɭĽѾʳеħϮ롣
ɵĲǱصá
ʮħ֪һΪӣɴδ˵òĿתһ֪˵ʲôá

һ̸Ŀתͷ
ħ˲׼κε˺αء
ڰ˯ħ˵ڣǱûĻڰѾˣֻҪڰħ˺϶ΪһȻҡ
ƺ֪һЩᷢǾ仰ֻҪڰħںϳΪһˣĶŮ鳤ֻƶѡ
Ҫڽ£Ҫڽڽڽ綼ڽ£ںڰĴ£Ƭأѹȡ

ĿҡҡͷлδĹӷŻ˻УһĨЦ⸡ڴǣһ۽ĵڵķת뿪ˡ
뿪֮ǰȴһ仰
Ҫ֪ѾϹŮЩ鼴Ҷ޷Ԥ֪ڽĻʲôλ
£Ŀ׵׵ʧȴδע֮ʱ˽
ЩħɭĽѾڣֹħڰںϡ
Ŀ
ĻعͷųһӰ
㷽˵Щʲô˼
֮¹Ի͡
£Ŀʧ֮ǳȺӵħ
ħ̬죬ԴԴϵĴзɳķڰУצץסһ˷еߵȻɿ׹ڵϡ
֮Ķӳ١
ͬ⣡
˭Ҳ֪ЩͻȻϵħôһ¶ɭ綼һš
ɭ޳ǻССˮ򣬶ħš
ԭԵĸҲʱ˵⣬ͬԿħ
𣡡
зŵľ޴ħŻ棬֮һƬʻ˲䱻սΪҽ˼Ļ档
Ҳʵзħ󣬻ˡ
ħЧʮǿǰѾ˴񾳽׶Σʵʩзħ󷨣Чԭǿ
ҲΪˣڷħ֮е嶼ᱻ׵Уòʧ

1358 

1358 
Ща֮ﵽǴֵġ
³е񵶽ϮаһأǺɫѪܣڻһ³ҪȻ㱻ɫѪҺʴ
ֵħаӺзۿʮ޹֮˳Ϊаǵÿ͡
Ŀ˵Ща֮ܳħȻɵᵽűȻĹϵ
ô죿
ڡ
ĵʦҩүүڵˡ
Ŀ˵һֻ֮Żᵽڡ
ô죿
ʦ֡
ߣһΧĻþ
ôˣ
лڣ֪ʲôİ취뿪ɭ硣
ĵΪ֮ţ˱Ŵʢ֮ȥѰȥİ취ˡ
ֻ뿪ɭķӡ
еУҲ֤ǻᱻ͵Ǹλ
᰽еԿ׽˽ģ߽ʹõķʽ
лʦ֣ǽڵ⣬Ǻúõʢһһıһ
ᰣҵں޶սĸߺ۵ˣԼҪ뿪ɭߺ˵˳
ȥɣڸҪǣɭҲиʮ߾ۼɭ޳ǣܹһʱǰ˸
ߺ˵һʢڼ䣬꼸ٵɭ޳ǣаȻڶ࣬ô˵ҲǿԵġ
壬Ļ϶壬壬ƾͽչˣˣ
еԿ˰Уһɫ֮ųڰǰŰ˸һһ֮ţĵ˵Ӱʧǰ
еħǧѾ鲼˸磬ɭ˽ѣҲħϮ
֮ͨŵİ˸˻صڵ磬ɭһɫƵͳѹ˴

³ָŲԶڵĴҲվڽߣǴͻĵصڡ

ħŭǿŨҵĻ֮һƬ
ںɽĵǷֿħվ񾳵ĴڣɽǿҲȺеħ֡
ħ󷨣
˫ֽӡǿ󷨼ڶУħ򶷵ҩӦ֮е׵磬ɵ̧ͷĿ⳯Žĵڵķ򿴹ȥ¼Щ޳
ģǼ˶ǻˣ
һˣһδ˸˵ʱ³һ
ԲۣҴӵʦǼʶʶʲôҷ𡣡
עڽİ˸˵ϣûע⵽ħĽ³һħһأοڷħ󷨵֮£ħǵսԼ
ΪڵƵѹƣ񾳵Ľֻͬ񾳵а֮ȴκβаӱ
ڷħ֮Уħаͳͳ׵УѾɻܿȥҲûʲôսˡ
һʱ䣬ڵսתʼа
ʦҩүүǻˣ
ͺãͺã
ҩүү͵͵Ĩᣬվǰİ˸ӣ˼ҵһʱ䣬ÿÿҹǳԲ˯ţ͵⼸ʲôʧ
񣬿Ű˸ƽĹҩһ
ңӦŽݵϵǿο
Ȼа֮ںʦ˵˵ɭ綼ʲô顣
á
ڵаעⱻħΧаҲΪĵټϷħ󷨵ǰʱԵģȡʤ
˭Ҳұ֤֮ʲôĽɫ
ڴ
ΪʦǾе˺ֵز
֪˸˵ʵ̤񾳣ܾð˸ӵʵԶԶֹô򵥡
ٺ٣ǵʲô磬ʦʼǵʦ
ĺٺٵЦţ⻰˵̵ġ
ǣӵɶʱǵʦ
ʦأ
Ӽ˻صڵʱû޺ۣħаڣҲûп֡
˵޺ۣ廨׵üͷ
ȥڽ磬صʱڽ˵ҪȥʲôʥȪǻ
˵޺۳֮ʱ飬ȻܱħΧķǡ
ڽ˽ȥʲô
˭֪ʲôҪ
ֻǵõʱڽһȺɫ޺ڽȺ˵ʲô֮ɫҲ˼㡣
Ȳ˵ˣʦɭ綼ʲô飬ûб۸
Ȼܰǿҩүүͽܣ۸ô
˵ɭ緢飬ˮ򵽺ɣʶ˵ˣ˵飬ύѡ
ڰ˸˲񾳵ʱôЩǻġ
ص˵һ½үӡ
˵ģû½үӵĻ˵ڵĴ񾳣ҲǼѵ顣
أʢôˣ
ҩүү𣬽Ľʢ˿񾳳ѡֱһ·ء
˵һ·ϻٵеĻҲʵһ֣Ҳʵһô
ԭʼɭֳ֮˽˵ڰ˶αɾ׼ֵʱħˡ
Ŀָ֪ǻصڣǺҪһѿռԿ׻صڡ
ʦЩħôģҡ
˵ĵϵʮֵŨ
Ͼһƽ磬ɭ磬ԶԷ˶֣ҲԽս񣬵Ȼʱ
ҪʵľǣΪЩ񾳵аȻܶΪ񾳵ķ˶֣Ҳڣ߹½Ҳ
Ҳ֪һҪ֪ǸԤԡ
ʼգԤԱڽĵΧԤеŮ
ڻˣֻ֪ԤԵǰΣ±֮ʱŮ硣
֪Բֻȫôβ٤ɽô
ǰһʱ֮ʣ٤ɽˣԤԵĺ͵ڣǧֻеʱſԽԤԵĺο
һ֮У٤ɽ˶֪һ㣬ȴȥƽ⣬ֻеȵĻصڷɽԤԵĺβ
ʾҩϽԤԺεһŽ˽ġ
⣬ԤԵĺ𣿡
Ĳŷ⣬ֽϣֻֽд֡
ֻһˣֹڰ
εԤֻһ仰дֻнһֹܹڰ
Ǻڰ񣿡
üͷǶԺڰ˽Ĳ࣬Ҳ١
ڰ͹ٵصλֵޣһڽ磬һħΣ
ңĻĿǾ仰ڰħںϣ⵽ôһ¶
УǺڰ٣ǹȥʲôط
ڶ֮Уһ뵽ʲô˼
һһʳǰֻһͷ󣬺ö鶼Ƕ϶޷ӳһƪ£ƫƫЩ֮䶼ǧ˿ƵĹϵ

1359 

1359 
ҹɫڡ
˸԰棬ϵСͲ
ҵͲ
ǵ˵Ļֻлص֮󷽿ɿ
ҲȻ֪֮ķԲŻ˵һ
ɫ£ĴͲͲ֮Уһűֽϻһͼ֮⣬һš
ֽϵԼд
νϹžᣬһܿڽϵٻԶžޣʵеãʥ档
ʥ棬ʲô⣿
˲⣬ļȥ
ֽϽΪʥ棬ǹͺڰֵĵطŸΪص磬ʥ棬ȡ޾ҲǺڰԴ
һ仰ֻҪҵʥ棬硣
ʮħڷֳɱսɣսԼһȺƽɣսΪףսɵгһʧϹž֮⣬ľᶼ룬ֻҪҵʣµһϹžᣬҵʥڵĵط
ʱڰٶȻ罫ٲԨ֮С
лдʵз鶼ǺڰΪ˵ľǱȹҲΪѰҵʥ棬ƿ
ô
ڰû˵ĻҲ̫˰ɡ
һָо񲻻ô׵ľʧһڹؼʱ֡
³̻ȥҩүүһϹž
š
֪Ҫʲô֮ҩүү˽һϹž˻İϹžͼӡ˱ֽϡ
˾ǣϹž滭ͼȻֽŵĵͼܹ˿ϷƴһƴһͼΡ
ˣƴһȥ
˿ǰĵͼΪĵһɽ֮ʾһӦþᵽʥ档
˵ȥڽ磬ǲҲйϵ
ϾҲϹžᣬȻֻʣһݾᣬ˭Ҳұ֤ڻ᲻һʥͼ
֪
ҡҡͷһӣʥĵͼ˽ָУƵı
ʮħĿѾˣΪľŵͼԼеǰ̺͹ȡݵͼΣƴҲҪȫ
˵ɶأ
ʱڰ˸˵һ˶ߣϤתͷȥֻɫ֮һµ˳ǰ
˫ֶż򣬿ĵ˵ʱ¶һЦݡ
զʶˡ
¹ָָԼĽĵߡ
¹¹
¹Ҳܽİʲô飬ԹԵϰڷŵˮ
¹ʮħ֮һ
³ָ¹ǾһѰ˾Ȼʮħ֮һ¹
ֲĿ˵¹ֵʱܾúϤ
ʲôʱֵġ
İ˫ųӵ¹Ҳ֪ûǸղݡ
Ͼʮħ֪ͼĴڣ롣
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һӣ¹һĲ⣬ŸѣѲɴʲô¶ô
ΪԸҪĿñһЩ飬ء
ôԶ·ʱİңα
ˣ˵
Ǳ˵ñ˵ꡣ
¹˼˵ĻڵĿģԼҪ˵顣
ǴɭӦѾ֪ڰˣԱҲˣҪעⶨ㣬ġ
¹صָŽģһҪϸϸ˵ÿһÿһ仰Ҳժ
˵
أУҲĿ
¹ʼ˵ҽĵ˵Ŀġ
İ˸˲ǺܹģʲôȺħ˳Σڽ֮飬ý¹˵ĺڰڤҹ顣
ħˣҲǺڰʵһģڰ񵱳ڶڰʱԪħˡ
¹ˣڤҹʵǺڰ񣬵ԶŴǻսڰ䣬ʱԪҲϹʱħڤҹ
䲻񣬺ڰҪħںΪһΨֹħͺڰһǹһǽġ
䲻֪Ҳֻнһϣˡ
úڰħںϣ±Ҳûħ˶֡
Уúڰҵʥ棬ޱǿ˵ںɭˣǧڽ綼ữһƬ
ĵһ죬˼ĸָݡ
ܿǻ𣬱ڰݻٵڽֻʣһƬĺڰ
ڰǲв͹񴴽磬Ҫ硣
˭
¹³һۣһ۽ģ˵ҲѾ˵ˣʣµͿȺӵ컯ˡ
Ͼ˶ѹǵļϣҲһܵġ
ˣˡ
¹ϵƤתʱͣ˽Ųƺʲôûиˡ
Ǹʲôһ飬֮ѣһħٴν٣ǿһЩԼ˶ܡУҪֹаֻдݻħ鷽ɡ
£¹Ҳеʣתʧںڰ֮С
˱˴յʱħһνô
ա
ʦҩүүʲôħ飿
İ¹˵Ļ˶ϡ
üͷˣΪħʵһˣħĽʣҪֹħ磬ҪҵΪħˡ
лصԼļн˰׵պǹͬħ
š
뿪ڣĸŻǰңǰؼң³˵ᵫҪǰ¼ңųǸκȺǰκǰҡ
˵Ϊ̤˴񾳽磬Ȼշǧ
ĺͻصҵʱ򣬻ѾưܵĲӣħϮ֮ǻңʯĻʹˡ
ҵأ
С㡭ô
ܼҸǰȷϻ֮۵һ˳
СˣȥүѣүҪסˡ
˫ȭߵԺŮǻҵúܡ
ҽʦģ߸մӷ߳ҡҡͷ̾һ
׼°ѣϽûʱܻˡ
ƨ˭˵ҵá
һŭȣһǰҽʦӡ

ҡҡͷֹסŭ粽˷С
ŮڿʱҲԭأǴСô
˻ڴɫҰ׵˻˫ۡ
һѾû˵ݵɱֻ֮ʣ²ĺްס
ˡ
ٿޣɿŸ㲡ʹģеˮֹס

1360 ؼҵı

1360 ؼҵı
ˣܿƽˡ
ģһŮ
񿴵ŮȫĻصߣҲĿˡ
ģŮ¶ģŮڳˣǴ񾳽ߡ
ҵĲ۽ǵˮĿ⿴Žġ
ģڡ
ŻļΪƵ̤֮ǲΪԤѰ˵ǲ˵׼ҩˡ
οƽзĵҩ಻ʤбһλҩѰֻҪʣһܽҩ衣
Ȼڷµҩ֮󣬻׵ɫ˺ܶ࣬ɷס
һʱ֮󣬵˵ĻҼǰʱһ˵Ⱦǵɴ˫ۣж峤ûʱյҽʦǰ̽Ѱһҡͷ
֣֣ô¶
û̫ʱͣһҺĽ󷨣ǽ趼ᵽ֮Уһʱħή٣ֻҪбԱǡ
ʱͨͨŮǷ׷׹ڵϣ׼ǵļҲбѡ
Ŀ˿˵ͷһҲǾȣҲǾȡ
ҽ
ȻˣĺͻʯĶǶ֮У֮ڣܱ˱Ƕˡ
ʯĻʹУʵԽӼͽģһڳ׷׹ݡ
ôǱŤ
λ񣬴ʯλ˽٣ض㹩
ûɶ
üͷߴʯĻʵӦȥҷʾѸ£ôʯǷ׷ȱѣԶһЩĵطڵ·
Ϊ򵥵ħ󷨣ħͷħ󷨲ͬ
ڴʯİ˸λĺͻ˫ֽӡֻ˵â㼯һʱγһۿɼľ޴ɫ硣
ĺͻշУڴʯϷȥÿÿһǱݿͷǴˡ
˸ȶģﶼæûʱԷǸǴˡ
˺ˣȱԹˣڼӹһ󷨰ɡ
ĲδѰķˣϾδӴıأֻǱȷ˶еǴ˵к绽ܵĴڣ񻰹е
һʱ䣬ԴԴϵİӿʯĺͻҲڲϵӡӹ󷨣ȷаħ롣
㡣
Լ֯䷨ִ˻峤
۷ʲô鶼ҪժһҪҪȥ㣬Ҫúõġ
ִ̺㹻û峤ϰ֮ã߻峤ڰ飬һž۹ƽ
ˡ
峤ƺʲôЦǽһ顣
ô˵
¼ˣͬˡ

գСŮģ¶ţĽȡ
Բۣ˰ɣ
ȥɣиգֹ㣬ֻҪǵ÷Сģ㡣
峤ɿ֣ͱ
ŮˣŮнյĳɾͣܲġ
³һ峤ŽʧеŮеǴ顣
ȥɣ
ͽ뿪˴ʯǰؼҡ
֮ǰؼյشؼ峤Ϊ˱ؼҲѣؼҴˣؼֻ֧š
Ҳˣӡ
ڹؼ֮ʱƵؼҾ˻
ܳˣǵ֪ɾͣҲẬЦȪˡ
ϰűǸȻģȴҲǧֵı仯
Ͼؼҷôıʣȫһ֧ţǸҲġ
磬Բһˡ
һĨ⣬һЩؼҲ
һĨЦ⸡Ĵǣ֣ԴϣСʱһ
㰡û䣬ϲеԼϣؼұɵġ
̾һЩУࡣ
ؼдôûдˡ
Ⱥħû㹻ؼң
͸˵˵ʱɭ綼ʲô̤ô
޷֪ΪΪеˣĵеˡ
ؼ߳ؼҵĽ
ֵѾ˵ؼǰ˵ɭ緢飬оҲиҶ
ôţ絽ĺ
ʱ򣬽ĺͻؼңųΪؼңҲ֪
ԽԽ˧ô
Žĵĵ٩Цš
ô޸ô
㰡ǲˡ
ҹɫؼҡ
һŻǸɾϰڷķˣؼѾ˷棬ӵӣֻʣһƬ֮С
磬԰ɡ
ãôòΪˣҲ˲١
ֱˣֲֻӦļŷˣɸոռ˲˱ϡ
ôˡ
˵ţÿӽϵĲ˼ôҲ޷ϵĲ˼еԼ档
硣
ۣǿҵĶּзˣΪ˲ģΪԼ飬ȴװһû¶˵ӡ
۵ףĵС
磡
ץס֣Щ˵
ؼҰӣһҹ֮ޣؼҼϸΪ˶ؼҶ
ڵؼֻʣֵܶˣ˿Լ֣ǵЦɬ

磬ڡ
ݵĳĬ̧֮ͷĿ˫ۡ
ؼҾʣҶˣ粻֪ܳŶãһڣؼң㣬ΪգҪһССء
ΪĶ磬ǿģ֪⺢ظ壬ؼұģ
ЩΪ·ϵİʯֻҪһڣǾԲ׼鷢
磬˵ˡ
˵ꡣ
Ҫ˵ڵĻ̬ʮ֣صĸ
ʹ֪ҲȻ˵ģģؼңһֱ㣬ֻҪһصĽѣһ½ؼңؼµķ
̫̫Ļ˵ô᲻֪е˼ʲô
ģҴЩ֮һػصؼңһؼ·
㣬絫һڣ㣬Բˡ
ЦţӵּŲˡ
һԵĽĿȥˣһδùĿӼŲ͵ߡ
ιҪӣ֪ô
͵ߵĲˣһ㶣ſڳŽζߵķˡ
øô
Ի²͡

1361 ƽͺ

1361 ƽͺ
ؼһңûаħĹ
Ķ磬Ҳ൱ǵֳȻĿ֮
ȥ
붾Ұɡ
оǵ٩ĻǹԹԵĳ˽ķеĺɫҩ
ô˱컬أǰǸƹϵӱȽϲ
ƹϵӣ
ԼԴԭԼǰڽĿ
εЦЦɫĵҩ˳ѪҺÿһʱһ޷￪ݵĸоȫ
ʲô
ƵĵҩȻͻ񾳣ҩ֮ΰĲҩټ㱾Ϊѡ
óһֵģڲرһѱҵġ
˵һԱһҪ顣
ã
ĺ
ʲô¶ˣ
ľ޵ڵ
ôˣ˵Ϊδ񾳣ɳ˵ҩ֮ΪҲ˾ؾ׶Σڷһźľ޵ڵܴﵽؾ۷塣
еͨôľ޵ڵ̺һЦ˵ġ
ҷŸѹȥʲô֮ͬ
ҲǸոշֵģǰҲǸҽι˿ڣδܵ
Ϊ֮ضԵʣؼҵϹѪҲˡ
ǡϹŴе
ԣؼҵ汣ӣǼҳϹѪߡ
ϹѪߣ
Ȼ֪ϹѪʲô˼ؼϹż壬ؼԹűӵдеһ˭Ҳ֪Ҳǧ겻УҲһѡ
аٻʱ䣬ʱ䣬һպľڵһϰ߾𣬼㲻񾳣ҲԱа˺
аµĻ֮һ߾һѧ߾ҲһЩġ
ҲӵϹѪô
һƭ㲻ɣֻʱѧϰ߾֮ҪȥκҪа֮ǰҵħ顣
ħĽʣֻҪħڣаԴԴϵӿ롣
ԣʱҪʮ߲ҲҪ߾ѧᡣ
Ϊܹ˾޴ټϹŴҲѡ
ĸ𶽵պľڵܵĻ߾
ò˵ؼҵţҲΪڵϤʮºͣʱ棬Ľ٣йբĺˮһһľڵ֮еͬҲϰ߾Ȼֻص˵ء
ʱ䣬˶ǲ߲ݡ
ǰѾȫͬ
ҪƵѹƣһȫ̤񾳡
ֱõĹַſֵһ̣Ĺٶȷ
еٶȾǹƾǹ֣ɿֵʱѹƲסԳٶȽ
Ǿ仰ҲΪƣṳ̂񾳡
գưܵؼǰһ䣬ĺͻӣؼڵ˽磬Ҹ֪ʵð̤붼ǡ
磬ɱסӦҵģһҪһ
ȥɣ㣬ؼҲ㡣
˫ָЦĻ˵뿪
յʱħ٣þһеػؼңԼȫ
Ҳţصؼңһؼ½ķٲʢ
Ļ뿪ٶֱ¼ҡ
е¼ңڿ³̵ĸĸƽ֮ʱ³һ
ѽϱˡ
ĸ
۾˲ű³ĸףеˮˢһӾ
˺ˣ޹ĸû¶Ƥˡ
³̵ĸοһת۵ʱ䣬ЩӶôˣƽͺãƽͺá
ϱˣ۵۵ô˵ҩ
³̶Ρ
ôˣ
߽¼ңڴ³̸ף˵˵ûΣա
ôˣѳԣУ
³ûˣ˻С
ϱˡ
ѽͷϱϱ͵˵˵

ŷ˴ߣᡣ
˲Էô
ţͳԣϱ˵ұĳ԰ЩСƣҪͶϱѡ

̬ȽȻͬ³̸ף³ľԼǼģУԼʲô˻Ⱦơ
³̸ĸˣٽĺѾûд󰭣ֻҪձɡ

1362 ħ

1362 ħ
ҪȥκһҪСģʱڽʱˣȵе鶼֮Һϱġ
³ǧ֮ħа٣ʱ綼֣֮ҪڽеʱѰҵħ֮ˣħа֮ϵ
ȥɣҺȵʱ򣬺ͻҵ׼һ𣬸Ƕ˾ٰ񡣡
³ĸĿͶԶУδ˵ĻΪǶӻǶϱǼÿһˣƽһģ
¼ҵ鴦꣬һ˸ϵκ
κҲʮϾĻ𣬶κų˻صκʱħûбȫ
ģˣ
κȸոոһ˿ڣת㿴κĽļˡ
¼ؼһҵ鶼׵ô
ţħ֮˿ˣ
ûУ˵Ҳ֣ѾþеȥѰңҲʩ󷨣ҲħκϢ
ô˵ӵħ˲硣
ܰ¹ƭǡ
᲻ǹ촫˵һӵħ˻ûг
ԡ
³˵ֿҲûС
Ϊ˱κҲħ̤ԻκΧϣԷֹħ֡
ҹɫκǣڳǽϿԶҹգһڸǵҲҹտǳֻܾѹһƬ
ؼҵ˵ˡ
κȵĻŵǣΪؼġ
û¶ȵħٵ֮ұصؼңҶ½ؼңʱҪͨĵطǲܲæ
İҲŵ֮ǰƸȻȢϱҹζࡣ
һһƴ³̵ϡ
ҽʲôҹζ࣬ŲҴҹζࡣ
ϣҵϱⲻ㲻ҪôԾȢؼң̤ʵ
³ԽǽԽǱߣһԵκЦǽһᣬųа֮ΪŨҡ
˵ħ֮´֮Ǵʲô
ˣдġ
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룬ųκҲȻҪɻġ
³̻ųȵĻһˣҲһЩ
ȫͬ⣬ô˹
һòˣκȱ˵ɫߺ죬ųĻ͵Цš
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ȥ⣿
һ仰еΪ׳ԼǶ֮ǧԼ
ˣԼԶ⣬һǧ껹ǧꡣ
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Ұҵȵҵ֮ȥһ紳һ
ÿһ˶ԼĴ㣬˿ģŴħ鴦֮󣬽Ҫʲôȥ
ȻˮȻغúõһ档
ôģϾ˭Ҳ֪᲻ᷢʲôʡ
˵ãҺͻĻǱڳҪȻˡ
˵
һ³СþĩĻ񣬱ȻҪе¡쳣
˸˱˴һ𣬿ԶҹգƸΪŨңҲԤžħٵԽԽˡ
һѰ£ûҵħ֮ˣһ˿һϢҲ޷Ѱҡ
ڣħ١
һ糿δ⣬յƼҪѹһ
һа˸ϻڣ˶Ѿħһս׼
ΪƵֻͬΪܶ֡
յˮб֮УǧħХſֲ쳣˻֮䡣
ڻΧ˽磬ħ޷롣
紥ĵطһƬ˼ľ
㿴
³ָгֵˣһϮºڷ˲ڤҹ˭
ڤҹ߲ԶһСӤڰУȱħ֮ˡ
ô졣
ҪôӤҪôɱˣ
ҧ˫Ŀⶢڤҹʱڤҹһ˫ӺɫڸǣǱַǱˣܵõ
ȥڤҹ
ȥ
Ҫסģڵڤҹ˵ĸоʮֲͬӦǺڰһ档
ҪڤҹӴģģ
ЦţŻ֡
ԤеŮΨһֹڤҹˡ
֪ΪԤԾôһ¶ڣٶһЩ
һ˳˷ӡնɱħͬʱħ飬޷ȳħ飬Ҳֻнֹħ硣
ˣħǺڰ񡣡
ʱѵľûɳڽУӦǿѹֵϢס
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֪˲ڤҹǺڰ񣬿Щ黹ҪĲô
ʱڤҹ΢΢Ӷָ䣬Եħ׷ɢ
ǽϹŮأǽ㽪ĺأ
裬ô
İһڤҹջеľ˫ֶżµĿǰˡ
ɣôܹڤҹ塣
ҶԱ˵ģǵڶ
ڰռڤҹΪŭǰһظŽĵա
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צߣллҺ㲻Ϥ
ģִڤҹ֣һְȫľ롣
Ҫأʵ֮ϣҳϲĶ֣Ҫ֪һ飬ҵʥ棬԰ɡ
һĨթЦ⸡ڴǣĿ˵ʥֵʱ򣬺ڰüͷ
Ϊλ֪ʥ档
ͲùˣֻҪ뿪ڤҹ壬ҾͿԸʥ䡣
ĺͺڰ̸ֻҪڰ뿪ڤҹ壬һж˵
ߣΪ֪ô뿪ʱ÷ħס𡣡
ڰѾ͸˽ĵ뷨Ρ
һ֪ķħ󷨻Ǳ͹һġ
ڰ߽һʵе͹һ𴫲ԹУСһﾹȻǴԿֱǳ˵Ρ
ŶˣҲӦʤ仰
Ժڰ񣬽ôȻˣ
ôԶǴһո̤񾳽ûõڰһָͷ򲻹֮ˣһΪҳûʲôܽڰڤҹ壬ڶΪ˸ȡʱ䡣
ǱҪΪʤкεȵ֮
ڰ̧֣һɢźɫֱģɲǼ䷢˶ʼδ㽪ԾǰɻǱڰУݺݵײڴ֮С

1363 ڴҷ

1363 ڴҷ
ײڴϣһŵڶըѿڴҷ
ѾΪڴڣһɫĹâڽࡣ
ģû¶ɡ
һѪӿҧ֧壬һʲôѵֻĻ⾹Ȼʼѡ
⣿
ڰϷ˫ĿŽģɱ
ؼʱ̣ųٿ׵磬ٿ߾ǵڰԽӣɺڰ̫ǿ󣬶˸޷Ӧԡ
ϱ
³̳˷֮ʴħħӤħӤȫɫϢ쳣Ũң³̽ץסӤֱ㱻ɫħʴ
бѾȥħӤ³һҧһģħħնɱ
ħ֮ʱͨҲ˹رǧħѾ磬һƬͿ̿˼ĳ
ۡ
׷³һѪǴ񾳽ΪǿӲţͻҷˡ
ģħѾˣ
һˡԣ
ϰ취Ҳһ취
ٴγ֣ΪԺͻ·кɫâһƬﶼֹҲڰ
ʹ˺ڰΪ
ˣ³̣ų磬ģһԾ׼ڰһ
ǡ˽һɫһαŷţǻص߸ȫݺݵ׹ڵϡ
ģ³̡
ҩ޷ֻĿ߸׹䡣
ͷһеѪԴԴϵӿ֣߸ȫĹͷˣֻܿһ
κǰˣеˮ˵ĵţʩչ㱻ڰһƵײʯϡ
ȣ
ȣ
˵С뱾ԿЦ
ڰӵĿˣûκֹ
ʱҲˣҲûȥˣ翪ʼ˵ÿһ硣
һĨаɭЦݸڴǣڰĺɫϢŨ޷ݣǺɫϢӿʱÿһ˶о౻һ˫ֽ߬ţֻҪһ֮
ǿĿֲҧƾһС
ʱµѾѪɫûɫĻǧʬҰ
ôֹô
һڰֻǶ˶ָͷı㱻ɡ
ģ
ģҪ
ɵĽվͷѾֹ˶ٸվֻƾ
еĽһڰǰһ˫Ѫķźڰ漴̧֣һƴ˺ڰϡ
ڤҹ֮Լôô
ڤҹ뿪ڵʱ֮Լ
ʹǵĽĻ³һǰҲԽɻǿһݺݵҧ
žһһƴ󣬽ǰһ˫ֱסڤҹظš
ڤҹɣ𡣡
һ仰䣬ҲֻŲסԵʶ˴Ӱ׹
ǰһԶȥĽģڰȻҪץסҲ𽥱ɲ֮һαڰû
ħ뱾Ԫ뻽ħ񣬻֮
ģ
ģ
ۿŽļ׹ħȺİΧУҪȥȣһѹŸ
ģҪ
Ǻޣ
ԼΪ
ֻĿʲôˡ
ģ
ĵݺݵˤ˵ϣǧħΧһħ©˼צҪ˺顣
ɾڴʱһâȻѿӽĵԴԴϵܱŷţ˺ڰΧŨɫγĶԱȡ
еĺڰӦת˫ۡ
Ϊأû뵽Ҳڱ˵档
ڰЦţЦ˵
ģ
ġ
Է³̵ĻȻǽģɴʱ˿̵ıˡ
ҹҸӦòڽ֮£ΪλҪִˡ
֣綼ǱģΪβܽ𡣡
ڰ˵֮ʱһӣһźɫŽķȥֻǻ˻֣Ǻɫ
ҶӦʦĻ뿪磬ȥҲΪ㣬һУͱʦʦˡ

˵仰ʱ򣬺ڰЦ
ʦţһʦš
仰ڰЦ
ΪǸˣ˱ҪһѾʦţУҪôȥˣǱǿһЩ
ٶԣڰٴγ֣ƵƵ㣬δˣڰеĵطһƬ״
ֻôűҪ㵽ʲôʱ򡣡
ڰͱˣ˫ɫĹâбŷɢһƬڰ
Ѳǹ񣿡
ĲϹŮô
ļϹŮҲǹⶼʹȻ
ãȻ֮ʱһɫӰ֣κȵ˾صڵĽС
һϮ¿쳣ˣоʮֵ졣
㲻ǡ
ʲôţ֮Ϥ
𣬾񡣡
߲ǱˣϹʮһ֮һľ񣬲ת
٤ɽľ񣿡
ǡ
Ŀʼնڽĺڤҹϣмֵǡ
⵽ôһ¶
ֱķȻ
һͺڰĶԾĹ
֪ڤҹǺڰԪҲ֪ڰʼճ˯ڤҹС
ҲϹŮǹ壬˯ĵ
ϹħսĽѣЩΪ˲׽ڰ񣬷ֹڰҵʥ档
ˣԶűıļƻ쵽Ϲֱڡ
žԣһչŴԼľ㵡
еܲˡ
֮Ҳ޷һʱЦĻ
ô˵ȻϹʮһӦֹһС
ȥġ
ۿĴ·磬ȴԭز
鲢ǱܸԤġ
ڤҹģհǳֻ֣ϣڤҹָܻʶٴȥҲδǺڰĶ֣ҲҪĽ֮С
ڰ͹ĽսǽһңܿһĻҲֵˡ
һٴαڵأڰҪ˽ĵʱ򣬶ȴƬ̡
ģڰʶȣڤҹ
߽ģΪߵĽսڰ̫ΪѹƲסڤҹ
УзŰɫâĽĶкڰһƬڤҹȻ䣬һ˭Ҳû뵽ľٶ
ǧħǰ֣סڤҹԼǰȥ

1364 Ҵ

1364 Ҵ
һǣأ
˭Ҳ뵽ĻľٶȻħǰһץסڤҹ죬ȥ
ҲΪˣԭ׼ߵĺڰڤҹ˼Ŀǰ
һ˫һڿŽĵʱͰ⡣
ˡ
ϣ㻹ʶңһΪҲѹ
һѪӿֲ̧ǵѪգо֮⡣
˵֮ԼһμҴ˵ɣô㣿
ȻΪ
ڤҹ۵ĸŽĵĶͷô˺һһ
ǰİŮӣڤҹǰŽĵĶͷ
ˣϢһ£ΪԻΪ㸴𡣡
һ仰£ڤҹкɫϢϵתţ֮ʱһ˾쳣ľٶ
ֻڤҹһɫûĳԼţһ˲䣬һɺɫǿϢڤҹ濪ʼ뿪ǺɫϢڤҹĺڰ
ڤҹ㱾һ壬
ڰ뵽ڤҹԲеķʽˡ
ɫϢŨѹ޷ϢڰŭһǧħŭţһƬɭĳ
ʱ֮ħŽĺڤҹɹȥ˵ʱʱ죬ۿħ˺˵Ľģڤҹһʱ嵽ǰ令ڻС
ͬʱһâҲӽĵƮɢڰУûһŰµŮӡ
Ů˹ɫֿһ۱㲻ȴŮӣĸоеĸ궼һ˲ɢһ
ҹ
ε̾һǰѾȫаħĺڰиϧ֮顣
ڰ񿴵ֵʱһ㶡
֪Ѿ˶õʱ䣬ǰǧ껹꣬Ǽꡣ
ٴ֮ʱ
һǰ޾ħаڰɣֻһڰ
Ҵδѹ㡣
ڰʱһص˶Уö·顣֮ĵ
ڰһ֮ʱ񲻿ŵĿŹ
ǡ
ͬ塣
ߵڰǰ֣ϵŵͬ塣
㽫͸ңһֱߣ˵ֻҪͬ廹ҵвδɢ䣬Ҷ֮صá
ЦţЦޱȵİ˼ǺܾúܾǰõپõǶʱ⣬˻
ôһֱϡ
ܣϵˣ
ڰŹĻɫħһδǡ
ܣԲܣ
ƭʦԼȣһжƭ
ŮӲңݺֲңұ뿪ˡ
˵˴Цıϣһ˳յڵϣǣϵʱһԭΪȴɽ»ָϢ
ܣҵۿġ
ģ֪ҿԸ㣬ߵݺңҺʦ֮ʲôҲûС
̾һ˵ŵ顣
ݺԶôЩ
ϸΧңʦΪ˱ұɱֻɵɵһЩЩ֣ǣȴһ
˵˴иĲǺ⣬̹Ȼ
Ϊ飬˺˼ⲻֵá
Լ˯ǵȵһ̣ʮ֮
һվҪи˽ᡣ
˵ŵ귢֣֮ڰԭأʼղŹ˵ĻЩ޷
ԶŵϹŵҺ޹ԹڣҲˡ
Ϊʲô
ڰ̧ͷǰĹؼ֪ãˡ
ϹִŵĺޣֻΪԼĲΡ
⡭
ΪˣҲˡ
ʱ̫̫ˡ
Цţ֣ϵϵͬж˺ڰ
ֻҶ˺ҵʥ棬ܻ磬ҽеиǺӣҲˣҲֹ
˵ʱ򣬹徹Ȼڽɢ͸
Ͼִֻ̫õ꣬˺ڰ񣬽Լи˽ģҲûʲôִȥıҪˡ
ţԼˣ̳ԼԾɻֹڰ
һᣡ
ߣ㻹Ƿһͣ׼ߣ
ڰǰҪץס񣬿˫ȴ˸գ˹Խɢ塣
ܹѡûᣬһ㣬㡣
һδڰͬ˵ϣһ졣
ڰĿŴǰʧĹ˫ֲš
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô
ڰвظΪʲôΪʲôȴûһܻش
ΪɢĻΪȫչʹħаһο
һʱ䣬ǰѹŵħаҰĳ˹˺ǰһ赲ϰ
ã
̬׼ǰȥȽģڴʱȻһǿĺڰ⡣
ҲΪһħ˲仯˻ҽ
յɢһأ͸Ƶķ϶˺ڰϣſǺеһɫĳɫ˫
ʱĺڰ˫ϥڵϣյϵͬ塣
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôղ˵һ
ʧˣ׵ʧϣִôõĺ޵ͷȴǸͷβ
Ҫ뿪ô
ڰͬ壬ɫ˫ãҲǷ˼֣ϵһ˲ʧʣµֻһں޲ѵ˶ڰ˵
õĽߵ˺ڰǰԴʱ˿̵ĺڰȫԽɱ
һֱ㣬ܴоõʼ㡣
ˣ񲻻ɱ˺ڰʱδ֣ǽ̳иþ
ŽĵĻڰ񻺻ͷɫ˫Žĺڤҹ·𿴵ǰԼ͹
ڰ̧֣һɺɫ뵽ڤҹ壬Ҫǰֹڰɱ⣬ֻǽԼ̳иڤҹһ
ףһĺ޺
·һ˲кеص֮£ڰҲ𽥻ɢ
Ժ㽻ǶˣҪȥѰҲҪѰңµĴ󡣡
âںڰȫʱ򣬺ڰʧˣһ˿ɫ׷Ѱȥ
ںڰʧ֮ʱؼеħаҲ֮ɢҷؼ䡣
⣬ŴأƬѾΪ˽ķϡ
ϣ
ֻҪţδƬƬ»ָ

1365 һ㲻Ѱ

1365 һ㲻Ѱ
źڰĽ٣ΣҲˡ
ħϮ£԰ɥʧڣǵļ԰סˡ
ڣ塣
ڴϣȫ۵Ҫڤҹ߲ݵչŽġ
վһԿ˵ĽԼæµڤҹǸֳһĨͻЦ⡣
ڤҹ֮ĶԼӮˡ
ڶҩڤҹعͷһ۾Ļϵζ
Ȼ֪ˣʲô
ԼʲôԼ
ЩţһʲҪеóѵЦŨ˼֡
ʲôӵĶԼ
Ȼ֮ĶԼ
˵仰ʱ򣬾Ŀ⿴ģеɫǧĸӣ໰˵ڣվȥΨһء
ȻڰѾʧˣҲڴˡ
㲻ᣬΡ
ǧ֮У顣
Ҳ鰮޷ʱģǿԣϹŮһĽģҲڤҹʼǣ
ĽôȻĽ
ôȻʡ
ɻǾ仰һжѾ䶨ˣݵĽɫҲĻˡ
ЦſŽģת뿪ڣֻʣһãȻĽģ֪ǰĻΪΣΪЩϤ
أԺиֳһ
ؼһ˲䣬վԼǰҲͬ۹⿴Լ
ɻֻЩٶĶ벻ˡ
ڤҹǲʲôң
ˡ
ڤҹظŽĵգۺ
һжѾˡ
˵ѽ
ĵڤҹڣ˭֪⹷ȻֻЦſ
ˣֶ˵ġ
³վ⣬ʮĿŽĺڤҹ˵ľٶ
˵ˣǿûгڤҹʮ֣ϹħզΣǿȡ᲻ɡ
ڤҹ飬ﶼǺڰĹ
ټڤҹʱѣûʹظ
ԭڤҹʱ⣬˵Ŀ֪ǡ
ѹĿꡣ
ҲڰĵڣҪصԵļԵĹңһ֮
ǽĻĩÿһ˶ˣ˸˵ľ綼Ѿ˴񾳣Ǳڰ˿ɲһʱָܹúõġ
Ǵʱڣ
ڣ˿ڤҹֽ˽ĵϡ
ǣȻڤҹ
Ŀǰ˵ڤҹõ顣
֪࣬Ǵ󲿷ǲ֪ģΪϹħЩ磬˵֪ڤҹڻ֪ǵټܹ鷳飬Ƕڶ˻Ƕ˵
˺һЩͻˮ򿴿
ԼĴ㣬˸ҲиԵҪȥ֮ǰ˵õһÿһ˶Լ뷨
أĴȥ⣿
ţһǧҲãǧҲãǧҲա
ЦţЦż֡
һǧǧ껹ǧ꣬κεĸı䡣
УȲߣ
³һʼûӦһ룬ͻҪٰ񣬿ҪȺ˳ɳġ
ǸظҸҸ裬ҺͻĻ˭μӡ
ȵĳɻ֮񡣡
ų翴һκ漴һ顣
Ȼ˸˶ԼҪȥβ֮ǰȣ³̺ͻĻ˵ء
⡣
˵ɾ͸ɣڱĩĻǽһ鿺ܣȶԸħ֮ʱҪѪ
˽ҩ˵һ£ƵǸգ˼˵ͬ⣬˰֮󣬵صڡ
ҹ㷢μ˵Ļ
תۼ䣬ʮʱȥˣװǽһϲ죬͵֮ʢĻ
ƳħĴݲһĻָԭеĻκͤУǸִСƷ
᲻Щִ̫١
ִ٣ִ٣Ѳ㲻޸ų磿
ĵ٩κȣЦķ
ҴֻҪųһӻ֣׷˶ŵ˺üֵ档
ģ
κô᲻֪ڶԼֻһʱ仹Ӧ
㣬ôġ
ɶģǼô
ֵһµӣĵȴǻŵһʡ
ϾŮҼΪҪ飬ÿһŮҶ֮ʱĳ棬֮󣬻ܲš
ϣСӵǵ
ô
ĩŮ˹ֹæŲٳֻܶȡ
㿴ʲôû׼ġ
Ķô
ԣ㿴ʲôȱٵġ
ų磬³̣ܲܵһЩ
εĿų³̶ˣ³˻ҲˣôųҲ˽겻
ƨӿǵһν飡
³ʮֵĲǵһγɻ飬ȻƽϱϱĽţ浱Ҫʱҵúܡ
ų³ææȥȴʮ
⼸ڤҹҩദԽǢ
ڤҹĻ˵ҪĵĻģҪ㶨ҩ
Ȼ˵ͼ԰ٱһˣɱϾĵʦʦ˵
ǱУӹʱ˳ûġ
ڤҹ鼮ϣҩǰ·ɢŽɫĹâĶ֮ʿˮ
Сҹô˼ء
ЦϵӶһȻô˵ţɻǽ½Уڤҹڡ
˵ЦˣĵʦТλģϰ飬ɱ˵Ϊ񾳡
˵˵Ȼˣ㲻ˡ
Цĸǿġ
ˣʮħôģЩ˲ĴΪ˰ɡ
ǱȽϵģϾһе˶ʮħͺڰġ
Ȼ˵һжǼƻΪ˲׽ڰ񣬵ĴۻЩأοʮħΪףھƬָҪٴشˡ
ıǣѾʮ˲
ǾͺãǾͺá
ڤҹ㲻æô
³һɤӺţǶҪˣһֱڵĺŲ衣
³̵ĺڤҹ΢΢üͷתæµˣ˵ϲɻ³̡
Ǿ仰ΪģŲЩˡ
ææϣԱߣӦÿһ˵
ˣںȾƲŹ񫣡
³ͷ̳ӵķ˺ˮһľˮ
Ȱɡ
ڤҹ֮ʼЩأһ̳ӾӸڤҹ
ǲǸоܲϰߡ
˾ηϹħΪһѰˣĲǸ˶Խܡ
ˣĵĻڤҹΪ顣
һЩȴиоһ㲻Ѱ
ѰǲǾȻۣ֮˴ںȾƴڳ⣬ر̤ʵ

1366 ӽ

1366 ӽ
һڤҹ롣
ߵλϾˣΧΧŵˣҪܵĹأڤҹĴڡ
񣬷һУѰ˵ܻһЩӦġ
ǸͨˣȻѡĳȥҪϰǡ
ĻһڤҹѡһˣҪӦ
ڤҹδ˵ֻЦЦž̳³һŵĺžơ
ҹɫ壬ΧԺȾƵͺȵ࣬Ҫǽ˹Ҫּ粢żȥˡ
Ȼÿһ˶ˣȱ첲Ȼǻеģм͵³Ǵ֮ˣʲô⣬˿Ц
վˣ
ߣӣһһŵǰˡ
ʲôʱ˻ȾƣҪǻļʱǼ͹Ȫˣҩүүء
ˣʦҩүүȵøࡣ
̾һһԲԶž̳ƵˣΡ
ϽŪȥ˵⡣
³̵ĻǺݺݵһš
ϱϱмҪˣӸ˰
̸ȣ˭ôƵġ
³̸ȥ˵ˣ
ȾƣûȾưһ㶼ûȣһţ
³̹ľƳζѬ˻ҪƢһԼǰɥż
˲ű˴ﵹбĻص˷䣬һԣų籧κ໵ؿǿصڣ֪ĻΪֹˡ
˺ˣ粻Ҫڿˡ
κȰοų磬ֹס޵ųԾſκȵļϣ޸û꣬Сһ
˳磬ǻȥ
š
κȵĲ£ųҲصԼķ䡣
ɫ£ֻʣ½ĺһɵЦڤҹ
ë˭ôƵġ
ˣΪð㡣
һڤҹǰס˽ģɽôҲڤҹĻ
ˣˣΪôôء
ȶ˵ڤҹŽһףӶͷա
ɽȻȥ
ˣΪܺòá
ܣɶܣ
΢΢üͷڤҹڻеĻ̌ͷŽڤҹֲɶܡ
Ϲŵʱ򣬾Ǹ˵ǲ㣬ΪķһЩֽţԲûиԼΪŻ뿪
ڤҹ˵Ϲʱ飬ĲǵЩ
úúã˰ɣϽȥ
Ҫ㿴ңң
ε̧ͷɾ̧ͷһ˲䣬ڤҹס˫
ɫ£֮ӡ޵ţյ糺֮ԽŨš
𡣡
һ£ڤҹЦǸСһ
ү㡭
Ƚ˵ʲôڤҹͷڽĵļ˯˹ȥǣȴЦ⣬˯жŷ˷˵Ļ
㰡ǡ׼ҷˡ
Ҳ֪ٴΣڤҹǲ
ڤҹ֮ûչô죬Ҫȸĸ֮ͬôС

ǸֳһĨЦ⣬Цᡣ
ʱ䣬һһĹȥĳЩ˵꣬Ƕ³̵˵ȴˢһӡ
˧˧·ûдãñô
㶼һٰʮˣܲܰ
³īķһȥ
ڴϲ֮գڱĩ˼ɻ飬Ϣһ߹ң׷˵ء
ټϱĩ˿ѰҲ׷ӿڡ
ڴ⣬ǰصˣһ߹½ͷ
³̵ĸĸĸףκĻϤڴʱһЦص֮䣬ѰȥֻԶ߷һȺ޴ķ
ü
СѾͷˣ
㲻㣬ĥĥģúøϵˣ
ڰ֮УĲǱˣǸߺĻܷʮүˡ
Ӷŵ˽鲻¡һЩô
ߺǽһˬӶϰǧ˶˹
ʮү壬Ļ϶壬塣
Ժĸ˽ӴɭĹڼвʲô棬ȴǾֵ顣
ôûЩ˵ʲôݡ
κҪ
壬أ
˵Ƶʱ򣬸ߺһ¡
ħ٣һξ˰ƣȻ֮Ĺϵһšٺ٣
壬ЦЩ
ǽء
ôߺϵЦԽáԣһΡ
ڿӣҪ˱ʹŰˡ
ȥǲǿֶˣôͰƹĽչô졣
µĿŸߺۣʵʱһɸߺһЩʮֲֶαȰƾͷ
ȥȥȥôҺá
ɣҿûƵһʱ̬һ˼ңİƶҳˣá
ĿŸߺۣҲŸߺۿ˵Ļ
ֻ˵ƹϹ۵Ĳ֢βˡ
𳶵ˣϽֵܱõľƲˡ
ȻѽŸϯ
Ӷŵ֮󲻾ãʺŮ峤Ҳˣ˳ֵһ˲䣬˿ǽһĿɿڴ
ˣһɫ޵Ůӡ
޷ûݴʱ˿̵飬ֻͿš
ʱ£峤
˰ӭλ͡
޴һЩҪ飬Щʱ䡣
峤ǣ֪ˡ
ûУϯոտʼλ
ʺ峤ϯ֮᰺Ҳˡ
ǽһ
ɶɩӡ
Цǽһ⣬ưһۡ
ҪħٵʱΪԼһ٣Ųᰵݡ
½ɶʱϹġ
ԵĻŬ졣
СԽԽѧˣôһ糿ûɶϽİŰ
ʦ֣ɩӣ롣
԰ŶԤейš
Ȼʱ·үӳˡ
½үһֵͬĻһֻ׶һ˵Ŀ⡣
½үӣòɻá
Դ֮Ҳûм½үӣڿү念һ
ãȻˣⲻһǼСһҪɻ飬æˡ
½ˣ˵еؼ֮ϹNɪʲô
׶ԹĿһ½һɲһϢ
ôħϢ
ġ
ʱڤҹ࣬׶ڿڤҹĵһ۱䱸
Ϲħ񣿡
½˫һĨ⣬תɢ
ӱ˿緢磬Ϲħ񲢷Ǻڰ񣬿ԾǿԻڽ硣
̫ͽܣ

1367 ڽ磿

1367  ڽ磿
ڤҹûм½Ϥ½Ϊ
̫˵ϹŮͽ֮һ
ǣϷ̫ϯӡ
λУǴϲ֮ա
ĲòˣǴϲ֮գûҪŪôš
½үˡ
ˣ
үϯɡ
½һڤҹûж˵ϯ
ĳ˳ڤҹ䣬һΡ
磬Цһ¡
õģˡ
ǸֳһĨЦ⣬ڤҹĿŽģȴĸε̾Ϣ
ڴ⣬ϯλ϶ͷʮ㡣
ʱѵ
˾Ǹһﻺ˵С
һע⣬ڣǱĩࡣ
ЩνķȽʡʡ
żµĻκȻУϲĲϢеһ˽³̺ų˵С
ֹϲУΪ׵ǻҸף³̵ĸĸԵĸ
żҳųԼ֮ˣΪųʦʸ
һݸá
һ񳪣˰Ÿá
ء
ڶ񳪣˰ء
޶԰ݡ
񳪣˵У˷޶԰ݡ
붴
һ񳪣˶֮ʲôĲδȥ
ǰؿʼеˮֹסš
һĻĻǰӼʶһ߹꣬
ˡ
ڤҹŽ뻳۵Ĳϵˮ
Զ½ĵĻڤҹͽġ
ӣڤҹô
ϾڤҹϹħݾ˲ġ
İȻġ
˵Цźϲ£죬һ۽ĺڤҹķ򣬸½һơ
ȾƺȾƣ˼˵ЩϲľͱϹˣٸչãΪզô죿
½ʶôʶıǺܾǰˡ
Ҳ֪½٣ΪкڵŶһ٣ҲΪԼڵ˽İˣΪǰ
һԾǿ˶ʼɡ
Ҳ˭̫ϯӡ
½ЦţƱ̵ĺžơ
㵱ǸȥڽУΪҲ֮£ƫƫ᲻ССڡ
½֮ԺʶȫȻһɻǾ仰ǰˡ
Ӹȥڽ磬ҸʦΪȻǿκΣСӷĲڣұѹţٳ޷̤񾳡
Ͳ֪˰ɣȻСȴϷԸĴڣ㵱Ϊ˰˸ӷ׳ڵ
˸ȷ֮Ȼûʲô𣬵Ŀĵͬġ
УôҲ˵ɶȾƣ
ϲ֮գ˺žƣȵǽһ
ϯҹ
κҲŮ˵ӡ
ǰЦţָ˻κȡ
ģԼš
ָֽģһαͻС
ţ֮仹ʲô
ָװ֮ʯͱ͸Ⱥͻ
һҲ֪ʱŻټġ
ðɣǵûˮ˸ɵǴһá
ţһ
Цţֱָֽ𽻸ԡ
ţ˵ʲôҲҪ
˵ĽָǮз鼮
Ҫؼ½ؼңҪĽǮԺҪȥķҲȻõ֮Ķ
ҲٿָڻС
һ𣬲֪²ؾۣ֮ھڴٴΡ
ãǱ㶨°֮Լ֮ڡ
ã֮ҵؾˡ
˸֣˴˽ؽһ
֮ϯվɢ֮ա
ÿһҲÿһ˵֮ٴ
³̣κųԣڤҹתŸԲͬķн
ڰʧ֮ɽǰӰ
˫ۣסӲˮ
ˣǴԼҪȥ˵ˣ㲻û֮ڻô
ҩοʵҲܵĺܣɾ˵һȵЩԼ֮󣬱صڡ
š
̾һҩүү˻صڡ
ڽĵ뿪һ֮һ˻صڡ
ӣô˵ôأ
ҩΪ˿ڣüͷĵˡ
ء
ҧʹ԰׵ɫۡ
ˣˮˣǻشʯȼ˻κȥˣôˣǲǷʲô飿
һĻˮˣһ˫ŵȭͷݺݵŴ
ˣˣ
ˣʲôˣ
һߣĺڤҹͨʱ֮Żص˾ñĽˮ
ҴأǸ˼ô
Ǹ˼ʲô˼ΪǺܶ
ڤҹЦţ֪ʡ
ҵǰǧԳΪ򣬻ġ
ǵΪô
ͷ
֨һƿţ뿪ڽ׵ȴԺûˣǵˣƺҲжʱûסˡ
ףһˡ
ף
ˣڰҲˣ׺͵ӦòѰʮ˰
ķǲ⣬ôδ
ʱһ
СԺĲǷĺڤҹһȺŰ³ˡ
˭
ϵϢüͷڤҹǰһĻк
ڽϹ˴ǰλǰڽ硣
ڽ磿

1368 ĽѾ

1368 ĽѾ
ͻȻڼеЩýĺǲ⣬˽֮£֪Щ˶ڽϹ
ǼȻڽˣҼк£
½үӿе֪ǧΪڽڽڽ硣
ڽĴھͺñ񻰹סĵطһ˵ǰļ֮ء
½үƺΪڽʲôɾ֮˸ıơ
Ⱥ˳ˮڤҹǰŸոյңžͳϹɵҲõЩһˮ׵˺þá
˫ֶż򣬽ĿһڽϹҵ
Ĵ˵ĻǷ֮ǰϹңͽһţֻŴǰϹŻὫż
ڽһţ
ҵϹң
ش˵ĻȻֻ֪Ƿ¶ѡ
֮⣬Ҫ֪ĺͽİǷڽ磬Լһŵʲôݣֻиǰڽ緽ɡ
һ֣һԽľ֣Ҳ֪ǵĿʲôڵǷԻе׵Ϣ֪Լһ˱ѡ
ɣȻҲΪǣǰڽǡ
ţ㲻ȥ
һϹֻ˽һˣ޹صûʸǰڽ磬һһħ
ƾ㣬ʸסȥ·ô
ΪϹħ񣬳˽֮⻹û˸Ҷ˵һ֡
ڤҹк˪鲼һ˲䣬ڽϹҵ㱻һεɣݺݵײǽϣǽ³ֻлҷ
ڤҹ
ҡҡͷڵ׵ϢΪҪ
ڤҹתͷк˪˲ɢʣµֻ޾ᡣ
ţһж˵ġ
ڤҹ仰˵ãֲΪЩڽݣǲΪѡ
˶ѣ˵ǰʮڽС
صˮûãĺڤҹһڽϹҵͨʱ֮ǰڽڵ硣
ڽ磬ֻΪ񾳷̤硣
ô˵ѣڽСһ֮ϵΪ
ңڽʮŨʮʺ˵С
ڽʺһҲ࣬ҪȹҴ࣬Ϊֲͬڲ֮ͬ£ϹңīңƼҺԯĴΪǿ
ϺǣԯҾȻڽ
ڽѾյʱˣڽ֮󣬽ĺڤҹ㱻뵽һԺ֮Ϣ
ã紵棬鿴ŹڽһЩȤ¡
ڽÿǧѡһνҲ˵ÿһǧʱڽͻỻһˣʵȻö˵ֻΪǿ߲ڽλá
ԯһضʮǿ
ˣոհӡ
ڤҹոհСӷڽߣôİԶҲһҸ顣
ܿҳ԰Ҳ԰Ҷˡ
żʱ䣬ڤҹһ
˸ÿΪϲ
磬±ΪΪĽţҵҪܴ㡣
ĲǿڤҹʵϹħ񰡣ǿϹħĴڣȻҲħ޳񣬶ߵΪû˭˭һ˵ǣǾԲ׼б˶Լôǣǵõ˵ͬ
Сʱ򣬺߰ʱһСк˵ϲңҵѵˣԴˣǺӶҼˡ
ĸڤҹһʵһŮħˣ͸ɵǡ
Ϊ£ⱲΪҪߣȻῴΪġ
⻰ҽһ顣
뵽˺飬ĺڤҹ˵ŵһ֮үүҲһ
֪Ϊʲôҽүү⹫
ձ˵үү׵ʦӦýΪ⹫
үү˵Լػ˼ֻصͽܾôˣģڳƺռˣ˶ȻΪǵĸס
ΪǰһֱĽиĸ۰Ϊһ㶼Ľ
Ϊʲô
ϰԵĴӳڤҹιߵӣĿΪڤҹΪڲĽиĸ۰ˡ
ΪΪи÷ˣҲȻкĸġ
ڤҹĻýɫ糺쵽˶ôôƶˡ
˵ǶڽˣϹҵӰû
ڽʱ䣬˳ԳԺȺ֮⣬ûʲôˣŮҲˡ
ڳɹ̫գиǽҪ֪ĸƫƫϹҵ˵θڡ
ڤҹ˵ڽ˵Ҫʲô
벻Ȼİڤҹ᲻֪Щʲô
Ϊ²ûӦʥйء
⼸գϹһֱûˣ˷ֹڱԺвܲˣΪľöţȻҧסϹҷŵ㹳
ЩῴǶˡ
һϮɫڤҹīɫĳһɢĹ̶Ժ󣬿ָĶƮɢ
ϢʱȻ
ڤҹͷ˼ɽ֮ˣǸղᵽʥֵʱ򣬲ϵı仯
ϵĽĻزһԴһӷ
֭˳źһֱȥ⿪˲ٷꡣ
ˣΪӲҶ˵ġ
Ҳ˼ɽ֮ˣֻҲѡ
ǷͽŮ
ƺԼʶˣûκλţ֮󷽷˳
񾳽ΪߣϹҵô
Ϲ϶һƣҲеȼģϵͼϹˡ
Ϲ㣬ϹĶӡĴˣϹħ񡣡
ϣʶǣ
ڤҹӣұ֣Ϲ˼ȻȻйϵ
Ȼͺڰսڽ磬Ȼʶλ
Ϲһ仰Ҳ˵֪ڴսϸ
ʶǻĶڼɽ͵˵ϰ߲ѽ
λˣ͵ǹ
⻰ʱ򣬽Ц˳ôֱ׵ĲҪȤ
ȻϹŵĶӣһǷǼ
ҲֻĽλѾãԺհλݡ
Ϲ˵ԲȻֻǣ˵ˣհݣֲˡ
Ҳˣá
˸ǷϹϡ
Ϲ֤İɫϹ㱾ͳÿټһϢʮ㣬ֻ˫֮еĳǸ˲ϲ
ϹϹ˭ģҲ߶ɴϹ㴫
ȻˣӸǼǷ͵УλоҪŭˡ
ϹʶϹħڤҹϹҼҲǸɵӡ

1369 

1369 
ʱ䶼Ѿȥ죬ûʱںȺ˴ʱսˡ
ΪޣϹǱˣʲôĺ˭Ҳҵ
вϹ㣬ҲͬвϹҡ
Ҫĺܼ򵥣һŶѡ
λģһὫĴ˵ĻһֲĴ
Ϲ㿴һ۽ĺڤҹ֮뿪˱Ժ
ʱıԺʣ¶ˣĿڤҹ̾һ
ԺóԵġ
Ϊһ֣ʲôʲô
ڤҹ֪ĵĸĸǲǰӣͲϹҡ
һĴϣĺڤҹ˲š
ò˵ڽóԵĻ治٣ζʮֵζǣÿһж̺ܺڽĪĹϵ
ʲô
ԲˣۿҲˣ˳·ȥϹҰɡ
ԼһһϹҼӵ߷ΧڣѾϣϹһûӦҲûȤϹȥˡ
ڽܴϹΪĴ֮һ帮ۡȻҡ
ϹǰѾʱ֮ˣһ·ֳԳԺȺȣôô¶ģ֮ġ
Աô
ҶԳˣķдô
Ϊ򶼼ˣ˷ģԺ˱Ϊ˵
һ·ϣϲԵģڤҹҪϰ彫طд谮ԼŮˣɿ̯λϰ塣
ǿɶǴǧطɰʵãֻɥȨǧطժڤҹ
ڣϹǰϹ޽ľʹһݻ
Ͼ߾סĵط⣡⣡Щȡ
飬ڤҹ̧Ӳµľȿˮ
ϲΪΪʮ
ڤҹʵֻҪĵͷ׿ϣһʱ֮ʮԻ͵µĽڽεض
ϲϲҲܵ԰
ſˮϹҸۡ޽ĹȻϲˮļңϲĹѡ
߰ɣۿʱ䲻ˣõȥ
ʱ˯˯˳ԣ˯ĵֿʼˡ
ЩͲͷˣ˵ΪƬ̣Ϊȥȥ
ڤҹ۵ĸŽĵգСҪûŵĻȻıڻС
硭㡣
ģΪԲ֡
ڤҹôһ˵ŷ˸ضڵϵڤҹŻ
һߣ̤ϹۡڤҹȫŷźɫħǺɫҹɫҪŨ֡
Ϲҵ׷׳ֵǰڤҹ˵Щͭ衣
˵ĳϹãڤҹ˫ָһɫ֮䣬ɱϵħȵ޷ǰ
ǰģż塣
һ仰ѡ
ڤҹֱ׵ĸϹˣҪôͽżҪôܼ򵥡
ӦĲᶯ֣㲻ᶯ֣ҲǧַϹһҹʧڽ硣
ʱϹҵһӣ氲ķһţֽķӡ
Ƿͽš
ŽӾٸ߹ͷڤҹһ˽ȫˡ
ڤҹһ߾ŵĺӣһӣһõУʧ˵С
ڤҹʧһ˲䣬ԭѹĵѹҲ֮ʧϹžú˳
Ϲ鷿Уһͷ׳ɫϹ峤űʵҲƣֱڤҹʧдһħ֡
峤ѾϹħ񣬽ô죿
Ǳסģû뵽ϹħҲŽڽ磬ԲųٳûȥԺµľϹħ֡
壬òʥĲرͼҲԡ
ǣ峤
罪һϹҪǻʥͼͼڽĵС
˯Ҳ뵽·ɱϹħ
ڤҹ뿪Ϲһصߵʱ򣬽Ѿǽ˯˹ȥ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڤҹ˯˵ĽıڻС
ܰĻ棬ֻһ˺һ˰ŵİŮΪһĻ֪˵Ϲħ֮ʱǸ˶ꡣ
ա
ϣ˯еĽĻ˫ۡ
㣬ζ
һ˯ͣ˳ζԺĳ
УΧȹڤҹϸϸĺ˶ֽϵĲ裬ʲôʱʲôϣʲôʲôˡ
һϮɫɫΧȹԺֻ治û˸еŤ֮˧ʣĽա
ǲǾΪǿˡ
ţ˧
ĺٺٵЦţȷӳ֮ŷԼ˵ɶ
һ㶼˧û˧ءǸܳô
һЩȣӦÿڡ
ڤҹŽڷԣĽһֽ⿪һͷιߡ
ôо
һ߳ڤҹζߵ⣬һ߶߶ţоԼǱ
Դڤҹ֮ҪôǳҪô˯ҲǰһȦȦ
ΪӣΪ򲻶ö˭á
оŻ
ΪĸңΪŷ˻ء
ܾڤҹڱʲôɶأ
˷ڤҹϹĺӰڷϡ
׵ıʼǡ
ΪѰĺӣֶ򵽣Χʩ˷ӡƵ󷨣ֻѪҺɴ򿪷ӡ
ǿҪߺţᱻӡɣϹѾвˡ
ԼѪ˺棬ѪҺĨ˺ϵķӡ
ϵּȷɾǷд
żֽдŷĶŮĵǣͬʱҲһ飬һʥ顣
ϣĸ߽ģʥڵء
νʥʵһһλӣνλһԪĴڡ
һ򵥵ݣڵĴСǧһλ棬ʥ֮һµλ棬Һڰ͹Ǵʥ֮磬һС
ʥѣħУҪʥȥλҵΪĽʥرգ罫ٻԵĴܾȡ
ͬʱʥ֮дǿ˵ᣬȥ֮ȻһЩɱ鷳
л֪ĲҪǰڽ磬ڽ˶ڴʥ⡣
ңΪѰҳ׻ʥķӣǶˣīѩƺҲ׷ǰʥһ磬㡭
żд֣ʲݵԼҲϲȻΣա
ǰʥ֮ǰŽżϹС
˫ȭиֳһ
ڤҹҪȥʥ档
ΪһȥѰĸ
ڤҹ֪ĵķĺͽİݶˣǾ仰۷ʲô飬ߵڽߣһֱһֱ

1370 

1370 
ǰʥ֮ǰĻһҪҪϹôõһŵġ
緹֮󣬽ĺڤҹϹſڡ
ϹΪڽĴ֮⣬￴ǻԻޱȣǽѹͲ׼ƽ̸УϾغ׺͵İΣҲغ
֮ǰʹڤҹзöħ»ָڤҹֻҡҡͷ˵˾ħǿеġ
һ㽪ĵȻ֪ħ޳񣬿̫ʹˣȻ֪ħ޳ģ֮ʱ͸¶ۣҲµõ
һеľһѳϹŻ顣
ŵɵˣɶɶҲ˵Ϳɣһɰ
Ȧ˵ǺһŷӦųǰһһŮз׷׾𳤵
ԣ
˿졣
һηӦſǰһϮɫī쳣ɱ˲ϴϹҵǸħô
࡫
ſˮҲɵٶ֪ͨϹҵĸ߲顣
Ǿ仰ĺڤҹ̸еģǶڱԺ涺ʱˣʱҲϹ顣
ʼΪһϹңϹΪתԼĿʥıͼΣһж׵Ҫ
ڶдһź󣬽˫ֶżЦϹ߳һȺˣҪһ˵˭ҲԽ벽
Ǽء
ǽģ
ȻϹҵĳʶĵġ
׼ȷ˵ǲʶģʶģĸŮ˳̫ټϹۡµϹħɴ˿жϣǰŮǽġ
ΣΣһ飬Ǽء
ģϹдϱ˿浱Ϲǰô
ϹҵĳϿűٻصϹۡţΧΧĿ֣˵ʲôҲܶϹҵ档
Һ£˵ϹˣڽκһҶС
˵仰ʱ
ǴǰļɵϹ֣ϾڽĴ֮һϹһҴҵ󣬸񾳸֣񾳵ĸָǱȱȽǣһΪǿߣһֲ
ڲͬˣԼ̳˹ǴĴȻԹõĻԸǰЩ˻Ǵ´ࡣ
˵ˣ߲һϹħôǸеĸ֣¶ڤҹš
Ϲҵ˻ੲݣְŽĵβףýĸǲͷ
һоһλӳǿĽϹҲǽڻ١
Ϲҵű߱ĻٵһУ˵ˣӶסˡ
ѾǻˣԼϧ
׼ֵʱڤҹӺؽӵ뻳Уĳϣ۶ᡣ
㲻ͷ˶֣Ϊۡ
ôȻ˽İǼһ֮⣬ڽֻڤҹˡ
㣬̫ˡ
˷ģΪзִ硣
ڤҹýĶ֣Ѫȵ齻ͺˡ
̧ͷʱ۵˲ʧֻʣһƬɱ¾
һ˲䣬֮䣬ԭƵֲƣƵ͵ˣ·Ҫ©һ
ķѾȻᡣ
ڤҹʳָ΢΢̧𣬺ɫб£һɫľϹҵ˾ܸǸ֣ɲϹħڤҹĶ֡
ȵȣҪʲô
ڵȵȣǲ̫ˡ
վڤҹĽЦĺ¶ȣӽָóһѹӣһ߿ŹһźϷ
̫Ѫ飬¹ظĸİΣ
ڤҹϹħ񣬵֣ضϹˡ
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һŵĶϹ˵ʬ壬õֻǶϸ첲ȡ
ǣǸħɷ˵֣

ɱ޹еĹƤ˵Ϲҳϡ
һұû˵ʲôˣ˵ôûаɡ
ڶԼ̰ģΪҵʥ䲻ֶΣתҵģȴϹҵ
ŷĿ絶һĸ˵ࡣ
ӦңĿǰ˵ǻмֵȫĹʱ˵ŷڽϹ塣
վҪһʵ׷ʲô飬ҲøϾɱ
һжҪڽĵĺĹ֮ǰжڤҹʲôҲܲˡ
ǻţΪһûͷʥǣϹҳڽ磬Լѡɡ
ڽϹҳŷ֮ʱһϵϹ峤ŹƵĳǰ
ò£˵֪뷢԰׵߱Ϲһ峤
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Ϲ峤һصʬ壬ǿѹŭתϹۡ
ϹۡڤҹĴݲֻʣ˷档
Ǿ仰ǳ̫ݣԼ̰ǵĻ
Ǿ仰ô˵ţĲ
Ϲۡ鷿
Ϲ峤Źչʼһı鿴Žġ
ҪϷһϹ峤
Ϲ峤˼ǹｪĲϰףļҲҪơ
̫˽ˣһϲġ
֪ĸĪŮ̫֪ԼǸʲôеŮˡ
ӻˮϼһǱϳƺΪ峤ʵҲĵҪ
˵Ϲۡ飬ǱʾϵǸ⡣
˶ѣĲһûУˣǻҪ֪ŷһϢڤҹ⽫Ϲۡ׵׵ıһĹ
ĵǵǸв
Ϲ峤ûƢϹħǶ֣ټ֮ļ̳˹ڽĴвˡ
ʧ㣬ʧ㣡
Ϲ峤Ŀ͸ӿĿϹֲۡԯһ˲ϲ뵽ԭ֪ǸʲôеŮӡ
֪ŵ䣬Ϸǣһ
ʸ뱾̸ô
ڤҹһ仰Ϲ峤ǹǿѹƵЩȥҪǽĻҪ֪ĸ䣬ڤҹԲַϲ죬Ĳ֡
ǽģһķſ̬ЦǺǵߵϹ峤ǰ
峤׻˵úãڣ֪Ҫõʥͼֽҿװ׵ĸ㣬Ϊʥ˵ԴȪ֮أҲֻĵط
ʥΣ֮ҸϹ峤һʥ汻ȫĴ򿪣ǿħͻή٣ʱ˵ˣǹڰҲֹǧ

1371 

1371  
ƭ㣬ҴԸʥʥȪ֮УֻҪ㵽ȥ֪˵Ǽ١
ʥҲûʲôġ
ǣʥǿԵõǿˣҲħаĽ١
дһħĽٵ磬˭Ҳ޷ֹ˵ѡ
Ϊڽһ߸ϣ޵ǵǸʱȺνЩǿħǰǸġ
Ϲ峤ĬƬ֮һ̧ͷģ˵żΪʲôϹһС
ԭίͽĲĲ࣬Ϲһ嶯֣Ĵ֮гԯһ֮ⶼ뵽˴˴¼֮С
ˣȥû֪ĺͽİݶ˽ʥȪǾҲ
ʥȪ֮Σֲڸɽ֮۵У˸ַǸȥġ
ô֪ʥĲرͼ
ĵǺ顣
Щô֪ԼһʥĲرͼ׵żաϹ
ռǻʥȪڡ
ԭˣ˵ȻռǶ˻ʥȪڣѵͲռϹһһ٣ҿΪ֮Ϲұˡ
֪࣬ĻĴĹϵ
ûвκеԯһ壬嶼ʲô⡣
ˣлϹ峤ʵ棬ôǸֵܿҽҩѡ
һʯ
𣿡
ҲۣǾòۣϿû˯á
ĻŲӣԼϿΪ˯˵⣬ղŻûôԽʹ
Цɶ
ڤҹǸֳһĨЦ⣬еֱЦԼǳЦ
ΪֻĽ˶ѣϵ˯ʮͦأ䲻ֽջʹˡ
У˯һֱŮĺòá
İڤҹһۣ漴ĳ˻еôʡ
ϵ˯ʮֶأ
͵˯
ҲΪЩС֮ٲ͵ǹĿ
ҿƤˡ
ˣϣΪˣΪ˻ô
ߣβѵ㣬һξԲԡ
ϣΪĴˣ˾Ϊһΰɡ
ľڤҹĶ䣬Ϊ֮ߵĲ죬ڤҹʮϵýľԼĶ䣬һĻҪôܰжôܰ
пŮò֮ϣű˴ˣһɾ¡
Ȼֻǿ˻ãһΧĲԫϱڣʮֳ롣
ϹȻûб٣ȴҲԪˣһʱ䣬ϹұĺϹħĻѸٴڽ硣
ҹɫڽ硣
ĺڤҹմӽϻһЩճ裬ձǰʥȪǣ·Ҳ֪ᷢʲô¶飬б޻ȽϺá
ڽ׼ϹұԺʱվһȺˣһжŶ
ħˡ
Ϊ׵ŮӳŽĺڤҹĶǺ֮ľɫʮˡ
Ŀ˿Ůֿ˿Լ֪ʲôвˡ
Ƽ֮ŮƷɶ
Ʒɶü۹ˣһһģ˿˵ĹǱƷɶŮˣһһЦҡҷˣ֪ö
Ŷɶ¶
Ʒɶôʲô飬ô
ҵǸħǸǷŵ飬屻ɱ˫ۣģյϢѾȫĻصڣ޴󰭡
޴󰭣
Ǻǣ
ˡ
ĿһƷɶֿ˿һˣƣ۵Ĵ˸Ƿ
֪ˣȥɡ
˷ô
ڤҹŽģСһĨ֮ˡ
е㡣
Ϊ㡣
˵ţڤҹ˵潫ı󣬼罪Ҳ᲻˼
ѽôء
ôΪôû
кâһڤҹ֮һƬ˪վǰǷ׷еǸһѾգ۵ĹֻʣƷɶһˡ
˵ʵ̫ϲƷɶڤҹܺһƥ˼ǧĶڶһ⡣
ڤҹѹͲƷɶ
λƼҵز
¡
Ʒɶ˵껰ڤҹ۱˪ĺƷɶ
µŮӣΪУŮȾָһһ
ô˵أ̬º͵㡣
ϽڸڤҹŮ˵Ҫ㣬ʵڳNɪ
ѡˡ
զ
ǷòټϺ֮Σ˿һۣ⣬ޣ
˵ǣҹˣϢˡ
ðɣˡ
дһǷĲƷɶڤҹ̤СԺУֻƷɶһ㶵վ⡣
ΪڽһŮȻˡ

1372 ʥ

1372 ʥ
Ʒɶʲôʱߵû˹ģ˯ˣڤҹڴ߿˯ӣͷŽĵա
ˡ
ûʲôɫޱߵ鷢ڤҹǿѣһ鷢֮ǰҪĵͬ⡣
ա
ģĳԹ緹֮ڤҹǰʥȪǡ
ʥʥȪ֮УյͼѰһɽ֮䣬ʮָӣұ鲼ޡ
ڤҹԽԽ˰
ȻʳܳԵĳʲôǺʲôǻڤҹĳ֪ģ֮ûɶǿ
⼸Ǹ־µСˣζԽԵһȦ
ȻΪԺڷߣǲúչŷ˵θ˵ùȥ
ڤҹӵŽ뻳ŻΪʵṳ̊ʵ
ů˼ҵĸо
ĺգ˱죬ѿڤҹĻ
˭˰ֻûһƲ顣
ɬʮֿɰڤҹ̲סĴǰĶͷ
ѽģ
Ŷǰշ˵˼ǲǿ顣
磬˼Σհ
ֻڷߣΪΣյ˼룬һԼİŮֻΪ뷨
ȥȥȥԽ˵Խûˡ
İһڤҹһʥرͼ
˵ͺڰǴӷ߳磬᲻ҲбʲôѾʥ磿
޿ܣ֮ΪҲֻ̽һ
ڤҹвźڰļ䣬ԼԼĿʥ֮һƬ޾Ĵ½Ƭ½֮У߱ȱȽǡ
ڤҹ
Ŀڤҹ³һ
ȻҲ֪ʥ浽ʲôӵĴڣǹʥǽҪԵδ֪Σա
ĻҪ˵ʲôȻ˵꣬ڤҹͷһ˫ȵĴǡ
Լж֤һС
ڤҹ֪Ҫ˵ʲôҲԼ֤һС
ʥ֮Σأô
Ϊ
ǡҲ˽һֱߡ
ûǣסڤҹΪԼڤҹһ磬Ͼ˭Ҳ֪ʥ֮ʲôĴڡ
ɵڶ仰û˵꣬ӭڤҹһ籩ǡ
ҡ
ڤҹ
㡭
ÿÿҪ˵ʱڤҹ
ˣȥΪɰѳֲסˡ
źյĽģڤҹɳƵʾԡ
³һķֱڤҹ

ʥȪһƬĴɽ֮С
ֺͲرͼͼһ
ô¶
رͼ˹ĺǲ⣬ôرͼʥȪǺŵ·ʮֲ
񲻻˵رͼϻûн⿪
ڲرͼϵʱ⾹Ȼ͸˲رͼϵĺۼӦѩϵɽƳֳһµĵͼ
㿴ڤҹ㿴
ԭˣ
ĽرͼڤҹԼǽµĲرͼӡ
µĲرͼ˰ָŵķһֱǰţھһɽһɽ֮֮˴˵еʥȪǡ
ʥȪǽһɽ֮УʲôһС
ž޴صʯţҪȴһʥȪǣ˭֪ȻʧĵȻ޴档
ʥȪ֮󷨣εߵΪСһЩ
ǽģڤҹΪҲڽ뵽ʥȪ֮ʱҲɢضʥȪǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ҵʥȪˣ
ڽĺڤҹ׼̤ʥȪǵʱһЦ֮䣬һȺһȺӿʥȪǡ
ЩڽƼңīҺϹҵˣлƷɶϹ峤
ʵһʼ֪Ⱥ˸ˣȥˡ
ԯһ嵽Ǵ
˵ʵĵǶĴ֮һԯһЩȤ
ӴաԯһǵûвУ֮ԶԶıܿ
ҪôԯһҪôԯһԶ
ĸźߡ
ƼīҺϹҵӿʥȪǣʥȪǷΣգǿɽһ޼ɵӶʥȪеһС
߰ɣȥʥ档
ʥʥȪĵĴУĺڤҹʥȪǣʥȥ
ʥȪǺܴ󣬶ұ鲼Σգе󷨸ڲ֪
̶̵ʱʱ䣬ԭʥȪеѾ롣
Ϲ峤һȰ㽫˴ߣϹľˡ
ҲǺģҪǽľʥȪеѪζ̫ŨˣŻ
Ϲ峤һ۽ģϲκα飬ֱֻĶǰĴ
ǰʥ棬Ǵ˵һԴڡ
ϷѾ˲ʲôˡ
Ϲ峤УҵʥΪҪ飬Ϲҵٶ඼ûйϵֻʥ档
Ϲ峤Ƽ峤ī峤ˣȫȻѾɳˡ
̰ⰴʱΪֲ飬˵
ЦţҲ˵ʲôڤҹ̤ʥ֮С
ʥһ׼ȷ˵ʥûɵһǽ̤ŵĵ滹ִǽڣǴɵĴڡ
ӵǿԼΪữγΪʵΪֻдڰõ
ˣ㿴
ڤҹָŵϵһǣǰϤıǣµġ
֮⣬ǽҲЩĺۼȻѾɿ޸м࣬ܿóʱҵĴ򶷳
׵ʲô
ϸȥΧǺۼ˳źۼһֱǰţ˴һ޹
ڰС
Ĵڣû뵽Ĵڣ
֪ʱϹ峤ڴУĿȵĿڰеĹ
Ƽ峤ī峤ˣɷ˵㳯ڿеĹ˹ȥȫȻ˺ʲô
峤Ҫӹȡʱ򣬴ָϿʼƳһɫϢϢһֱ쵽ˣ߳һ˺ҧˡ
ңң
Ƽҵ峤Ƽ峤ǵڰʴʧǰһ߰׹ǣɼˣڰԾûм٣ֱ׹ȫŸġ
˾ī峤ˣæˤҪڰ˦ϧΪʱϢʱ䣬ī峤ҲƼ峤һʧǰ
ΨʣϹ峤ѾûˣԾɿޱȣŤ
ô¶
ĲĿǵڤҹĽΧ峤ǺڰΪĺڰҲԴȪ
ڰ͹ٵϵʱ򣬺ڰ͹ԼԴ˹С
㴴ȡرԴصԼ磬κ֮һϵбɢʧ֮䡣
Դڵ

1373 ͳһ

1373 ͳһ
ô⡣
ڤҹ˵ģҲǺڰŵļ䡣
ıԴǺڰ͹еĻʥĹǻãڰ͹ںһȡĻ³ˡ
Ҫôȥ

ڤҹǣŵ֣һڰеĹ
ſˮظڤҹߡ
ŵĻˣֵǣʴ峤δ˺һһ֮Զá
ˣ
Ϊʲô
ѵô̳˹Ϊ̳˺ڰ
ʥ֮еԴǹͺڰǶ֮һͬ빬ҲΪˡ
ڤҹŽĵ֣ǰ̤빬ڣʲôǻûйϵˡ
٣ڽʥ֮ǰѾĵѹЩˣԼ̰ҪñͲԼ⵽ķɺ׷ɱֻ˵ȡˡ
ڤҹǣŽĵ̤빬ʱʥϷ
һڰһƬδڤҹڵڰޱȣڵ⡣
֪ʧʥ֮ɢ
ڽ翴˵ľɭ磬ڣǧ綼ľ
ʱڡ
ǰˮڿڰ֮ͣס˽Ų֮˵ĸӡ
զˣզ顣
˵һձ˺ףʹŽĺڤҹʥǰʥ֮ڵ硣
Ҳ˵ʱ˿ǰˮѾˡ
ӣȻȥʥ棬ҲˣǷ̫Ƿҵ̫࣬Ժڿɺá
ҩе˵ۡ
ΪħңԼ
ڻ£Ƿ̫̫ˣҲ޷
Ӱȥڽ绹δ飬㿴ϷҩүүѾˣѣͷ˵˵
Цţδ˵ȻƷʲô
ѾˣҲ޷ֹˣһоֻܿԼˡ
˰ˣ
Ҳˡ
һߣĺڤҹʥ棬߹һƬ֮󣬶һ˲оϢĸо
ΧǺڰ˫֮ʱǾȻˮС
ڤҹǣŽĵֲϵţһĴ֮ʱƳˮ档

ڴڵĺʵĿξԼ˹

ܣˮˮֱ
յ˵Ϊͻƴ񾳣Ҽ̳˹ӦòϾǡ
ɺˮô̹ǣĽݲϵĴܡ
ڤҹŽķ˰УԼůвϷİˡ
ڣһʱȥں߷һСׯ
ȵȲ裬ȥȥ
СׯѾûʲôˣһĵϸ˽ĺڤҹˡ
ԣϹ̺ӣжȺĲ裬һȵĲ¶֮Щĺ䡣
Сôڿຣ
ຣ
Ǻһ裬ϸ˿е֪Ƭຣ˻سڿຣ֮С
ǲǴӿຣɡ
ʲô
ϸˡ
Ƕ֪
ϸ¿Žģ˵Զ˵ݲʣΪȲ
ղ۹Կĵˣÿʱͻӿຣ֮г֣Ϊķ
ϸ˿˿ĺڤҹ˿һ˸壬ˡ
춼ôˣǳԵ㶫Ϣɶ˵
ϸЦЦ¸ոճͷͼСˣת뿪ˡ
Ļ䣬ӹ͸䡣
ô¶һ䡣
ĲӵüͷǾ仰֮󣬻ȶû̫ĸϵΪʲôоء
ڤҹǰӵڻУ˫ֲϵ귢ȣΪȡů
Ϊơ
ÿÿ粻ͬƣڤҹҲҲ֪
һʱ䣬Ķû˯̤ʵΪˮĹϵټź죬ڶʱ纮һһ硣
û¶ҩ
ڽָиӦҩݣҩ˯һ֮ǻ࣬ɱ黹ǲϵš
̣Ҫôȥղ䣿
СׯλڿຣԵֻʣһЩ棬Ƕȥĳ׬Ǯҡ
Ҫ֪׺͵䣬ҪǰĳС
ղɴȥҪȥ۹ǵĻԳ
ϸ˸߽ģȥղҪſԣǾֻдвУҪĴҲҪµʱء
ǰһŮϸ˴ӻóһаŵʲôĲ֪
ӣһ飬ǰղĻŮɺá
һŮߣǺǰ뿪Сׯǰղ䣬Դ֮һֱû䡣
ģǵղ֮һŮ
Ǳˣû˵ĻǳԲȺķ˯ϰȾˡ
ллˣ
̵ŮС糺죬Ѿ뿪Сׯõʱ䡣
̵ԸԼȥ֮ǰһŮ
ĺڤҹӦϸ˵Ҫ֮뿪СׯָǰСׯ·̵Ĵȡһǡ
µ·̣Ҫ߶ð
շҲҪһЩʱյģ̾һΪԼ͹ľ
ٿҲҪǰȡһǣȥʲôȥղ䡣
һһЩģ
µ·̣շнյʱȡһǣ·ҲһЩʱ䡣
ȡһǵʱѾˣȡһղ۹ĵУҲַǷ
̤ȡһǣĵһ۱㿴ҹ̯λϵʳ
ڤҹ
׼
ڤҹҡҡͷǾ
ڤҹͳһ˼Ҿֻһģң
ˣȵ˿ջ֮ΪԵ࣬Щٳˡ
ŽĿСڤҹôľܾĵҪ󣬵һĲС
˵ȡһʵֻҪ·̣ǣ·Ͼ˸СĶҪͣһʳ
ⶼҪ飬ҪΪЩʳĵθθʹʹ
ˣڤҹĶ˹أȻۣһжΪĺá
໣ҪԣҾҪԣҾҪԣ
ſˮĸɴֱڵˣ
ҪԣҪԣҪԣ
ˡ
ڤҹεĿŽģհĳŮ˵ͷ̾һ
ֻ׼һ
ãҾͳһԲԵڶ
һԼܳСԣĵ˲
ŰС飬ڤҹЦš
ĳ˵Ĺԣһ˱ȻҪԵڶ
׼
ڤҹһԵڶٳһֻһ
׼

1374 ٣٣

1374 ٣٣
Ϊ˽ĵĽڤҹҡͷ
ڤҹҹС˧磬һһ
ˣθոպã̫ܳ࣬
ðɣ
΢΢üͷɳڤҹǮĹһѶ̯еŴӣȾܡ
ô
һܵĽģ̯һץסڤҹ
Ǯ㱧ҳԷļһøǮ
ˡ
Ѿ֪˵ʲôڤҹֻܹԹԸǮ
ϹħȻһСŮûκΰ취
ڤҹҵĵʱĳѾԹŴӣٺٵЦš
ˣΪҪͷ㡣
ͷңΪɶΪŴô
ͷڤҹһǳզεıʮֵćNɪ
ɲȽĿ϶ãθһӿĸоϮ
Ż
ķǽųԵĶ˳ڤҹæǰŽĵĺ󱳡
Щô
Ż
ֱеʳﶼ¹˺θһЩ
ɴʱĽҲŴĿڤҹĻС
ܣ´Ҳˣء
ܣ
Ȼθʳȫ˳ǶӾһֻһ
ڤҹŽһջҽʦ
ҽʦĵһ۵ʱΪŮǻУ̽Ѱ֮ȴЦ˳
û¶Զ˲ԵҩͺˣԺǧҪעⲻڳԳˡ
ҽʦҩ뿪˿ջǿͰ͵ſڴϣСڤҹ
˼Ҵô˼һλĻ
ؾڤҹ½ǣԹԵĳԼĴ
ˣΪ򲢲ǲԣǳԶ壬Ϊۡ
ţұ֤Ҳһˡ
ĳϴ̬ǽһϿңǽʲôӵڤҹȻ֪Ϊһλᷢĳ档
գһ϶û˯Ľ峿ʱ˯һʱѾˡ
ָ˾ĽĻȫûϲӵӰӡ
߰ȥ԰
׻˵úãʳΪ죬һٲԶûš
ŽﭹĿ⣬ڤҹվиոպúõҩι˽ĵߡ
Ⱥҩ
ãҿʮ˴õҽʦûʲô֢úҩˡ
ȽĿ˵ڶ仰ֻڤҹҩеĿɬҩ֭һ룬ǰס˽ģеҩ֭ɸ
ǿ˷ëζڿڳ˺棬ĽᶼҪˡ
ιҩڤҹһ۽˽ĿУԼп쳣ȴЦñۻҪ
ΪԺҪιҩˡ
ЦЦЦ֪Ц۸ˡ
еĿྡྷ۽½ɢȳ죬һڤҹСϡ
ڱ˿ʱ˿̵ĽĽԣڤҹֻ֪ԼʱĲŻչ¶Ůҵһ档
Ϊδ۸ˣǷ۸Ϊ򡣡
ߵСȣڤҹ˶ѹ˽ĵϣĽĲˣ˵˴ϡ


ĿޱȵΣĵˢһӺ
Ǹʲôˣȥ˴ɿڰɡ
ſˮĶѪˣ˫ƿѹŵڤҹŶ
ڤҹڴߣЦʧеӰε̾һ
ˣΪҪǺð
һĺǺνľʲôΪʲôϷɣֱǰղĴƱ˾ĸܵʲôоȡ
ָоǴδڼԼδ֮ʱֳľ档
ۣĻѽ
ۣ㿴㿴
һ˫ָŴһƬա
羨ôĴƶа裬δĻ棬ҵ찡
Ҳֽ˾㵣Ͼɭ綼ûо
ȹ龪ȣһʮϾŶˡ
ǾǮ
ͨʯнҺҡ
˴֮ǰýָеıһһЩңǰղİƱ֮˵Ķֻʣʮˡ
˵ҪղߣǮǵһλ
զǮأ
˫ϥڵϣ˼ŸôǮҲָܽı˰ɣѹͲϲرıҲûɶ̫ļֵҲ˶Ǯֿϧġ
Ҫȥɡ
Цķڤҹͷ
Ӳ
֣Ҿ˵ѡ
ڨЦţǾʵȱǮҲڸЩȱµĹ
Ҫ֪ԼΪȱǮҽᣬһȵġ
о仰˵ʲôã˵ʲôʲôȻĲδ٣ȴ˴ٵġ
ھϵĳ˿̾Ǯ˶ھĶ㣬ػţһĶһЩƽСˡ
ɽҿԣҪ··ơ
˴磬Ǳڴϡ
СܾԼҴĻ
Ŷ¡
ͷͷεĿ£Ŵָһھֵĳ˿ʹ󺰵
٣Ҷʲô解ֵǮͳͳҪͱǸ缸ˣۡ
ٵһʮˣе񾳵ǿߣӦھˡ
ǣѽҶóŲ㿪
һٷ˽еĳݺݵش˵ֻ࣬һҪ˵
һԵ˱һѪеĿ־һԹԵĽֵǮĶ
١
ٷǰ´ŽģЦ
磬ͦÿģҪҪѹȥѹկˡ
ι˭Сӣɫ
ڤҹ˫ɱ⸡֣ڤҹǰֹˡ
ЦڤҹǶ֣˵Щٷˣһ˶ˡ
ûǮ
ûǮҪ˸߾ͺãСӿģ
ٷͷҪģֻûͱһƻɡ
û¶ƽĹ
ۿڤҹ쭣æοڤҹ
ˣȻǼϴŪ㣡
ٷСһԼϴ󱻴ˣһѷĳǰҪʬΡ
ʮߣǷڵ磬Ȼޱǿģɴʱ˿ղ䣬һֱ鲼Ĵ½
ңʮԵĲѰ֮ǽĺڤҹǿĴڣּ̳˹ͺڰ˵ʮߣһǧٸ񾳽ҲǶ˵Ķ֡
֪ĳ棬Żﱻڤҹˣʣ
˺˲
˫ظڤҹ࣬Ȱ˵ڤҹҪŭҪȻͷˣѾûǮƱˡ
һ
һҵֻһ˴ֱˤڽĺڤҹǰ
ڵϷľһ󶴣˾ǴӿˤģԣӦǱ˴ġ
ߣӣż̳ң㣬үΨһļ̳ˡ

1375 ǲɵ

1375 ǲɵ
һӰǰδǿһ߽ˣϱŷǿɱƺ֮һ㡣
һһǿŵŷֻҪһƻУĽձļա
һƼ˲䣬һɫγǿϣеɱ⾡Ĩ
Ҫ֪ĿվߣһƴϣҲȻ۵ģڤҹῴ鷢ôȻܡ
ʲô˾Ȼֹӡ
ڤҹ˭Ϲħ񣬼̳˺ڰˡ
˭˺ġ
һɫĳ˫ָ˫гɱ
ǵģڤҹɱ
û赲ͻһƣȻ˺
ʲôˡ
˰˫ǰŭڤҹڤҹѹʹǰ˭žһֻһ֣㽫˻ɡ
޴ľײһð硣
µԼӱһƴ˾ҲûʱڤҹˣҵҪ
ţҶҶӣ
£Ƿ׷˾ѰҲ֪ˤںεδҶӡ
һߣǰŰ΢΢üͷ
û
˵ûҲֻʣ°ˣҪʱҽεĻǴҲ졣
ϵĴŴӦǸ˼ҵӵܣҲûǮϸǮѡ
ûϰ˵ĽĿʼΪ˿ڣǰιҩһæ֮ҲӹŹת˻
˫ۣųǰŮˣ·Ůһ
ҵô
˵ʲô񣿡
Щ̫Ϊָʲô
һһֲʶЩдһ𣬾±Ʋѡ
ղ۹ɺɭȫǲͬϵ
ɭ磬񾳴񾳵ĸֶ񾳵ǿߣԽڽ磬Ϊ˿еڡ
ʱղ۹֮󣬽˽⵽ΪɭֻѰߡ
֮ɭţƵ½ǸĽɫûٵˣ˵ߡ

˵ģ˵ǵһξôֵǮеĸܵղߵΪ֮ɭԼڿеǿ˼㡣
һֲ֪ôݵֶ
е񾳣ɵ˼ϾǸ˵ĵΣ
డټĲ࣡
Уղ۹ĴھҪΪǿĶ࣬ҲȥʲôҲر
ιֵõô
ʶָǰ˼¡
Ǻˣ
ʱҲָǣԼǰŮӡ
һϮ£īɫĳһ˫·˵һ㡣
ϸĶŽĵʱ򣬸о𽥱ǵ˱һ̧ͷȥӴǸΪĿ֮ʱſˮ
ˣΪҲˡ
ڤҹ֣Ĵ˵ļƣǿĳЩ˲ˬ
¶أ֡
ڤҹ֣ڤҹ˳ƽĵУռȨҲʾвʵʵͷһӳľ㡣
ҽнģղű˴ӶˣҾ㡣
Цǽһãͷۻ
𰡣õҩɶǼƷĲҩϵĴŴ綨Ȼǹ˼ҵӵܣҲӦҵҩֵơ
һλ˼ֻһǮ
ҪڼһЩݴʵĻǸǮ
ԴϲűȾѪعʱ򣬿쵽ǰ֡
л֮
лӻóһǮǮװĶǽҡ
ղ۹һ൱һңһ൱һͭңһӵĽ˵Ҳٶǻӻһʱˡ
û¶׻˵úãһʤ߼
ؽǮ˹ı㲻ںκεĹϸǮˣˡ
λһ֮룡
תҪߵʱץס˽ĵ½ǣһ㱻ڤҹĿסˣæɿ֡
ɶ¶
·Ժ֮ʱλӽҶһƻɣ롭
ҧŴǣƺʲôһĿ⿴ڤҹ
λһղ۹ңȲ֮󣬱Ȼؽл

Ϥɭʱͻ޻صɭ޳ǣȻһʲǣԺɼҡ
ȷǶ˻ң۸ɲһܽܵġ
ĿһڤҹȻ֪ڤҹҪܾҪǮ
ŽĿе飬ڤҹε̾һظŽĵգʳָڶǰĳ
˿ıá
ٺ٣֪ڤҹƽˡ
ڤҹ׿ϣҲ˻صղ۹ҵ
ͽһңҲ˳·
Աܿ޲˾ΪҪصңĺڤҹҲһ㲽뵽˾Ķ㡣
ݻ
ģĲ֪ʲôԼĵľȡ
Ķ˲ͬķ䣬ûһ䶼ʮֵĿ
Ǯ˵󲻵Ŀְ
빫ӣȻҵĳӣôݶ
ɢϣڤҹιߵʳһ߳һһ¶
ҵĵճӣλȻʮֳߣΪӼ˳ӶǱϥΨΨŵŵ֣ٴ嶼ġ
ΨռĳΪӶԳӴֲ˵ºݻҪɱ˳ӣ
ֱ߽ģһӴˡ
罪һȴҵĵճӣźϷ̳ҡ
ǻͻһ֮ˣϻۣղĵ۹һȫеֻܱܵı֡
ǿԼĴǴһ˶õķϲģߵһԼ˫ղ۹һء
һλصңȥʲôҼ̳˵أҪûĸλԼӻΨһã׵׵뿪ҡ
κΣҵĶ㲢ŹǣΪֻг׵׵Ĳļ̳ҡ
ǲвʺİɡ
óҵʧһҪصǶϾϵ㻹Ҫ֮ء
㻤أ
Щ⣬յ˵֪ҪԼ֣ܲ߰ɡ
Ϊ˱ңǶѾɱˡ
˵һ㣬˫ȭеŭԽӿ
Ӵ۹ղ۹·ϣһ·⵽׷ɱƴػҲգҲΪˣ䵽ⲽء
ֵܣǲɵ
Ĺ£ǰӡ

1376 װĺۣ

1376 װĺۣ
֪˶ԼĲƫƫҪȥľô
Ҳ֪ô̫ðˣΨһûš
ĲµĲʲôҵĲƲһҪ˵һУϾҵĹϵ
ǣҵ䣬ҹűҵӣбҪôҽӻ
㵽ң㲻ҵЩ˶öô
Ρ
Ѿ֪ôȥˣֻôڰҽӳ˶ѣģû
ҲǸ˰
εҡҡͷĿ
ղ۹׶Ҫõʱ䣿
Ҫա
ղ۹ܴ׶λղ۹룬Ҫ׶ҲҪʱ䷽ɡ
ĺпζõ˱֤
һգ۵Ĺʱתʧȵڵϵһ˲䣬¸о˽̤ʵصİĸС
ͣղһۿڣۿֻۿ֮һΪղ۹׶ղǷĳ̶Ȼö˵
żȻһ·ȥҲ١
ڴϵʱڤҹһ£ٴ˸ס
ǽȫ͵ңǵһ㣬ڶ㣬ҲᰲȫĽȳȻǮȻҪԭеļ屶
Ϊܹȫ뿪۾գһ±Ӧ
ȻһǰҪˣҪҪ˵ơ
򵥵ϴ֮󣬽Ϊ˻һʵ
һɫĳԭŵᣬ֮һ˿
ǸԼڤҹһװɫò˵ڤҹĴ⣬Ľֱˮ
ˣɻ⡣
⣬൱֮⣬ٺ٣
Цţվͭ濴žеӰһϮ£ɫβǽһɾ䡣
סˣȥ֮ʲôҲ˵ʣµĽǱǡ
á
֪ҪʲôֻܵͷӦš
ңղ۹̼壬ԣʲô̶أôݰѣղ۹ǰļ棬һҵĶ֡
ղ۹ڶ󸻺ղԽӴҼ
֪һλҪˣضѡ
˼ҵǮҪе¶̫Ƕ˵Ըˡ
ղ۹ۼ޲õ涼ýשһͣǰı˱ᡣ
ˣôҡ
ԴʮǰһĻ֮δңŵһʱ˻һҲġ
ί֮ʱһϮΪ˦ʮԶ
İŷһŵ쳣ı䡣
ӵҼ
˵仰ʱһ飬ҪǽɽĵǾ仰ҪתһʽҪʲô
Ҫ֪ҼڿǸ֣Ϊղ䳤Ժ֮һĳϣ˸ǡ
һгһ£ǰҺȻ׹䡣
ҵң൱ڴҵ棬ͬʱҲΧע⣬ﵽ˽ĵĿġ
Ȼҵ󲻾ãҵڤҹͽΧм䡣
ȺˣȻ£ҲȥղǴȺСܹ֮¶ĵô
˵˫ֱ׺ݣڿʱһ㶣Ȼϳһ仰Ҳ֪ߵغ
壬ҳӣ˵С֮Ǹʶ壬ҸпҲС֮ô
һ仰£һľ
ҵĳôǸϲô
˵ҵĳѾˣֵԳƳӵ˵˭
Ц֪ǲҴĶӣǰðҳӱ֮ˡ
ҵĶүŭһڶ϶ʶǰ
۷׷ףеҵķϲĹӣеǳЦð֮ˣ֮˵ڶࡣ
ôǶɿʲô
任ٳһ壬֮£Ϸ·ʲôһ
˿ʱԭҲɢ
Ϊֻҵ֮˲ʸӵö壬˵»˻֮·һ㡣
ǼٵģҲǼٵġ
ʱҶʾе壬ҽϳղ䡣
Ե͹λս
ʮһӵϣȷʵ˾㵲ѡ
Ҫ֪ҵɶǧѡߣ񾳱Ǵ񾳵ߣڶǰͬһĺ޻֮
ЦأߵһһŮǺηʥ
ҶʱҲĿ˽ĺڤҹϣôǿĸ֡
һ˺󣬽ǰ֮к˪鲼ֹסš
ǰʱʱ䣬ǹҪǼʱ֮塣
ֳ֮ʣһƬȻ·û־ʲôˣҲһʱû׹Ϊʲô˼
ҵ찡˾˭Ȼҳ˲񡣡
гҲô壬ѲǼɱ֡
ܵİɣǼҲδػΪĸ֣ղûôʮһõˣҪεȿֲΪ
ʱʱУΧ۵ȺԽԽ࣬һʮʮ٣Ҫҵ仰ܿشղĶǡ
ǰֵ˴Ӽ˱ǧˣִǧ˱ˣΧʲôջ̶ʼλã۵λǮһ˸
ܿģʱʱ䵽ˣĻ˫裬һһˡ
빫ѾǻˣȻҼδҲˡ
ӳǰһ̣ıʵȴҪ
ҪΪ˱ֳɱƣҲױģôˡ
΢΢ߴǣһøڤҹ
ԸħĻ÷ħӣֻǽڤҹˡ
ȻʲôĲ˵˵ѡҪľƣҪľ
ˣΪǡ
ڤҹߵߣŽĵļ۾ۡ
էһһԶٯٯôֹɱĻϵ
һ룬˱֪ԼˣҴס
ǿڰ֮Уһӣԭձ˲ƱգϢѹУ޷Ϣ
ʱ֮аҰ·Ҫһֲ
һ˲䣬к£԰ټƵħХŰΧС
ķѾǻᣬǲϧ
ڤҹģԵʴȣҲֻнһ˲ڤҹ˵޹ء

1377 Ѫ

1377 Ѫ
ɫ޴֮Ϸʱǲμڶһһġ
Χ۵һͷȥһҪѪȵĻ˵˳
ס֣ס֣
Ҷүû뵽ԷģǰҪֹڤҹȴڤҹһˡ
ڴʱһ֮гŵеħ˲仯ɢ
ħаϾħаԼµĶһЩ֮һ
ͺñаһ
߿ŵǾɿħ
ҪôŨأʲôϷȥϸ˵ǡ
Ǻˡ
ͷһ۳ǰߣɫ»׵ĳ壬Ǹ֣Ҳħ
ϷҼ֮ˡ
Ҽڣ˵ʱһתңԵΪҲֹ׷ÿ·ˡ
̸ȵģ¶ˡ
װģ˼ʱ콩Ӳˡ
󣬽ĺڤҹңΧ۵ǲδɢȥҪǶ˵Ǻηʥ
ң鷿
ҼλĺڤҹҲֵλãֵһλá
Ůϲ裬תȥ
ԺﻹѪȵζ˲еɨűԺ
졣
𰡣
Сӣɿڡ
ԡ
׼˷Ѿ˲٣ٶȥθֲˡ
һôһòãòô
ʵս˿ȵĹƣĿͰ͵ֺڤҹֻΪܶһСӡ
˿˽СǰŮӣ뷽ɱɱ˲գ۵Ůȫģ
߶һŲ衣
ԼʱĻ棬ǧֳ棬ʮ֮ٴȴǳĵԼЩ졣
ʵϾˣʮʱڸ׵Ϊıʲôȴ˷츲صı仯
λǴӺδ
ŽĺڤҹǴӺδĸ֣ʲôĿġ
תͷžҼָָ
빫ӵĴ֣ɶ빫˵ֻҪ˵ͷǱҡ
ƾô
˫֮ɫ¶ţǷű˱ôעţˡ
ɽĺڤҹʲôˣ߹ģض£ڣ
԰ƾǡ
͵͵ĳһӣſڻûʸҡ
أҲˣһͨͨʿѣΪôһ㣬пɾͲʲôǵĽɫˡ
ָָԼߣԼӵڤҹ
пµܵˣֻҪ빫һ仰ұôзַҡ
ıҪôţƾжôţƣеζǽһ
˵̬һЩʱô
УŵЩֻǿθˣΪа˲ˡ
װ׵ĸڣϷֻǰϷѣŭǣҲûбҪˡ
Ϸ򵽸ǺǶ˾ʦкδ˴ͨ
ڵĿʼյĿĺڤҹԺԼ֪ϢɶԶ˸ûκεӡ
Ѳ˳һγɽǰ
ڵӣϰˡ
еĲ豭Ŀڵϡ
Ҵ˴飬һĽңڶҶϾϵ
ƾ㣿
ƾҡ
ڻоǳǵ
ӶˣʮƣԸȷʵԯޡ
ʱһǸ쳣佻ңҲΪңʱ֮һδ䣬ͱҲˡ
ڰʱʱ䣬Ѿ御ˡ
Ϊص֤֮ʲôɵĮ֮ʱʲôûбҪˣŶ뿪ղǰ۹ҳ׵׵ĶϾйϵ
֪Щʲô˼
ѽͷôôīأ빫Ӷ˵ˣһҪ䣬ڶҪҶϾϵҪظô
ЩͷͷӲɣĻô
ŵЩԹԹȥᣬ˭ǽأ֮֮£Ȼ뿪ɭ磬ԾӶŵһԱҪʱ̽ӶŵĹ
ˣȥ䡣
֣ҧȥ˵ġ
˵鷿ʱһеĲ豭ѪӻƵ˿ڲϵķӿ
˲ʹⲽǰӵڻС
ʼ쳣Ŀ־壬ĻϤصڶ֮ʱŰ˫
磬ô㡣
ңǸ硣
ҧеˮҪȥӵãٴŪ˶䡣
磬ڼˣ磡
۾Űڲײϻ͸ѪһĻĽСһһġ
òҲ֪ҵŰ˶䡣
Ŷ˫۰ײϾѪŮзŭĻ治ϵӿš
䣬۾ôˣ
û¶ߺòã뿪ҡ
ץס½ǣ뿪
˭˶䡣
磬㲻Ҫˣߺòã뿪
˭˶䣡
ŭվĿ׺ݵĶڣѹͲö˵һ¶ȻҲϵ˭˶䡣
ϷѾϷû֮ǰʧ
һŭֱͷһԾԼٶȳߣסڵĲӣ˫۳Ұһֲ
˭˺˶䡣
Ѿ֪ظ˶ٴεĻʱ״̬Ѿױˡ
Ŀ˿תͷֿڤҹ
ô
ţѪˡ
˵һ̣ıൽѪҺ֮ϹѪеֻǻδѶѡ
񣬺ܵʹ׵ļŭʹѪҺеϹŴѴӶߡ
ʲô
ϹŴек֣ܶԻĽ⻤壬ų׵磬³̿ط磬κȵϹˮڣ߾
һִе
˿֪ϹŴһϹ֮
Ů񣿡
Ϲ˵Ů
ҲһЩϵŮͳƣ֮һ
Ϲ֮ĴУ쳣ǿ󣬵Ҳ׾ѡ
֮ϲôãҲΪЩ˴񵱳ʯ顣
ԭˣ
ԭѪ֮еĴϹֲ֮һ˲䱬ǿѹסϼһ

1378 ħ

1378 ħ
Ҫ֪ΪҵļΪѾ˴񾳽磬ղ۹ϻһԱȻ֪ʲô۹ĳϻǸʲôԵģΪȻ͡
һ˲סڣڴ
ǵŹӣϵЦݱôǷˡ
峤֪ҵĳӷǵǷϲģ֮ӵϹֻ֮δѣ㱻ûˣڲ
һϷı飬ǰشһѨλԭѾ˵˲ʹȥ
ǽҪڵֻովѵûκαĴʩ½ʹϹŴַЧ
˶ʮķϲģһӵǿһ˲䱬޷ܵǿֹ֮
˵Ļ˭Ǯ
ʲô˵ЩҲǵģʮӶʮð
ҡҡͷϵĹƤָָԶ
㱳㱳ߡ
ĸҲӣԹԵıϻԵ˵ڽĺڤҹ뿪ҡ
զ¶ɶˣҴôȥˡ
Сôôȫ¶ˡ
Ͳ֪˰ɣҸСĴڣŰһҸ˵ǰʱҵĶӻ֮ǸС㣬ҪС־ʧˡ
ҵ찡ҵãôɥ顣
˵С۾Ҳʱ˵ģҶأôû
Ǻǣ˵׼ǸȥˣѹͲ֪ҷʲô¶
˵Ҵڴ۹һء
˵ҴӲΪʵô˭˲֪ǸˣʮǰϱЩ°ȥҪҴӳ־Һϱӻнô
һ·ϣ˶֡
ԵϣԱ䣬ڤҹǸϳڤҹ߻عͷһۿöˡ
ڤҹҪҪ˰ﵽס
˿ıãôΪ򶼻㡣
ڤҹô֪ʲôƽֵģȴ
ղ䶼ǣջ
Ǵѽ
һ侹ȻҪʮöңһһһ˵ס޼۸
̸צӵģҪΪ¶Բͳ˵ǮסֺĵĿջ
ļϷڤҹСһŻԲѵ¥ҽӵ˴ϡ
Ҫһˡ
İһڤҹߵΪúһ
̽Ѱ󣬹ȻһѪ֮е֮ʼߣΪûΪѳܵͻȻѵ֮һȫķӣûжӿɻˡ
ϹѪжںܶ˵ǼҪĴڣǷϴϹŴеǿҫ֮飬ȻɭĴڡ
ΪԼİûзŵ֮һֱ޷УѰ˵
֮ѺһΪķ̥⡣ǳܲסֿµձҲǸı
˵֮һʮΣյ˫нõĵõһзϲһӽֵУʲôʧĻȴֻҪֻ
ͨһһֱվԱߵڵϣסĳŽĺڤҹڵλÿͷһһ£ŵĶͷѪ
ӣԲвôġ
ķ֣æߵߣ
֪Ҫ˵ʲô
İɣ绹ǷǮأǮûõ֣ǻ̡
Цţ˺۵ŮӣӦúԼ󣬱ľɫˣκȺ˶Լ˶µ˺֡
ˣٶĻ˵ҲûУԭΪλ˵ţ
뿪ջһ·ϣ䲢δ˵ĺڤҹԻӶ˵ĶԻ֪Ǹİ֣ҲڵǸơ
ɣҰ겡㴦ϵ˿ڡ
ϵ˿еѾãͿõﱻƻ
䣬óһҩ
ⵤҩƵģƳ²Ʒûʹù˵ǿԿǱյԿɣҽ
ڵҩв֮ȫȵľˣзһ
һֱߣǺŵҩҩЧֻҪȫյҩЧһδй·֮·ӶҲѭ򽥽֮
ڤҹҿŵȥ䡣
ţҲ̫ˣΪۡ
뿪˷䣬äĺһ䡣
ЩۣҾһЩ
ϸ˿ڳª˿֮ʱüͷ
ˣκҸô
ģҿǴҽʦһƺõġ
ˮط壬СҾĵӣε˿õĸ⡣
һŮҪܶôĴݲŻֳݺύ˺ۡ
ңһȺĶ
ôһ̡
ۡ
һĨЦ⸡ںϣ˿ôȻۡ
Ǳ˿ڵۣĸ硣
ˣҸô
ģڣǼһһû¶˵ˣǷǮööǮ
һΪ䴦˿ڣһź졣
˵ҹķ֮ʱ̸Цз·˵ڱϷ顣
Ű͹ʳÿÿҹھĵ֮С
֪һġ
ţڴϵ˯˹ȥΪҴ˱ӣɴʱһħ֮䣬Ũ쳣
Ĳ鲻˸ڵķ䣬һҪ˫۳죬ȫɢŨħ
ô¶
ˡΪ޹ء
Ϊ˱ʾԼףڤҹ̧˫֣֤Լʲôû
ȫĵҩҩЧ֮ȫѾް˭֪ȴͻȻħ
ʵħԼ룬ڿñĥҵӣΪƱҪҸصĴۡ
ټ֮ԸħΪħ
Ҫһ㣬ڤҹΪϹħħһţȻܵħϢ
ɫ˫쳣üһĨɫķ֡
ħȤ
ɶħ
Ĳ⣬ֻüĺɫģʲô˼
ħһǵ͵ħҪ̤һ׶Σ֮ȴ⡣已ֱ̥ӶɴħΪҲǼٿ
ħΪħǺйôϹħôǿħΧǲħҲѰ
ˣħԼѡܱסܱ䣬ħʲô

1379 ϷҪ

1379 ϷҪ
ħҲܸԤʲôϾԼѡ
䲢֪ԼֳΪħ⡣已̥֮Ϊ˴ħûΪΪĪһ˿һ
ܸоõˣвйâ˿֮ʱĿ֮⣬ʱһƬ䡣
ڤҹеһߣһһĨɫħ뵽ڡ
ǵһο˶ħ˴ħ뱾ҲԵһ˿ȡ
ɶ
ĺڤҹһɺɫʲô
˷ģǷȻģΪȻ˺
ڤҹ˵һԷ֮ħΪħǧʱǵһοҲһֻԵ㽫Ϊĺڰʱеĵ·ϸΪ˳
֮Ҫˡ
ǲǱʲôأ
ŷµĿڤҹǲǱʲôˮأ
ΪˣΪġ
ĸƨ˵ô¶
ĲŲڤҹôˣ͸ʲôĺڰ֮һԭ
ðɺðɣΪ˵ˡ
һĨЦ⣬ڤҹӵ뻳УŻİŮӣ۵֮⡣
ɴħȻħ֮ˣΪħףǺڵõ֮ѵ˾Ͳô
ڤҹ߽ģʼħʲôֲĴڣֻһе;һ˲ħǳɴħϹ֮վǸոħпգһ˿ȥյΪڰ֮
Ǿ仰ôѡʲô飬ǾǱ˵ˡ
Ȥζ
һӵĿڤҹİǿȻǺġ
룬õΪħȻصұ䱻ȺӣЩ裬ǲҲĸԸħˡ
˾ͺá
øƨϽȥɣæһ춼ˡ
շѾղ۹ĶǴˡ
ҳӹλңټ֮ѪһĻΧΧֵȺԾɲ
ա
˯ɹ˲Ľĳſɿڵķˣҿһˡ
ǻûô
ôȥҡ
ڤҹĳ࣬ڤҹ仰ʱ򣬽æ꣬һȷϵǰ˸ղ˵ĻǼ١
ȥңɶȥˣ
Ҫۡ
Ҫۣ
ȥģ۸ƨ
һ뷹ûԷڤҹȥҡ
Ȼ㿴ֵȺǰ·µˮйͨһŲӻվڷ֮ϣշУ֮һڿ֡
ôĵӣȻҳǰ
˴γӭսĲǱˣҵĶ㣬Ҳǵھұڤҹӳˡ
㲢֪ǰ㷢˱仯ǴǰǸ
䣬ǲ
ǣ֣ɫĿĿ㡣
亦µĶš
磬߰ɣ뿪뿪ղòá
亦ˣһǺڰʱ⣬вⲻ֪ԾͱЩĥʲôӡ
Űڲ˫۲ϵĵˮһĻĸۡ
䣬£иڡ
صĶߣظĶͷ밲Σ
ǺǣС䣬ôҲء
һ䲻֪ܵĻŭҲΧΧ۵һȺܡ
ôǸС㲻ܳ裬ΪֳҲܶԼòаͷ
⹷ӦǧвǣĶ
ޣĶôôҪĶ
һ˷𣬱ͶҶƽԹʮ㣬ȷ˶ǰԶСЩ֮󣬸ϡ
ǵĹ죬ӵ黹ֲ¡
ϾҵĶӣһɤȥΧ۵·˰˲٣㡣
ʱǰһ˲ɫ˫鲼۶ɱ⡣
£ϴ
ɶ
һʱסˣû˵ʲô
£ϴ
ǲӻˣǱӵĶ䲻ʹˣҶҪһϴûëɡ
۳Ц
ǰЩӱǺ˴˾صղһʱ䷽Żָ˶Ҫͷϡ
ûˣ⹷ԼǺǣӾҪ֪ʲô
˵һ飬£ϴ
ñӺȺ鲻ϴǱͷء
һȫɫħ󿪣ǿϢĵһ
һο˵һ죬ֻһ߶˫ȣصڳ˵ĶУ㵱˵ǰӲĹ˵ϣǰ
һҽ֮ع㷢Լ˫ȾȻ߶ˣԻʹĲҽϵؽš
ѹͲ㴭ϢĻᣬһֱץסĲӽ˦ǰ
һ̳УԼԼĿһŲͷϣ㿪˵ʲôû
զ¶
֪
ҵ죬׷ʲôզûأ
˰ɡ
ܰҶӿ񾳵ߣȴǸûΪķϲģôܣ
ڳˣδüǰԮŲҪ׷ʲô顣
̳ɢ֮˿ѪȵĻ֮ʱһ׷סͣǿŻµ
漫ңԴ˵֮УԽѡ
˵ҽˣǴɽҲȲˣӦ͸͸ˡ
ǰĻ棬˹ڵϣԴȴ֮УΧŰɫճ塣
Щ˵˳һˣԱǿŵҲ̲סˣҲ˳
һʱ䣬˷Żζһˬ
磬磡
俴Ȼ֪ѾԼǰֱһůĴס˫ŷ
䣬ӴԺ󲻻۸ˡ
ϵħŨңҵǰ
ʱԼӱҶү˳ӵĲģҶүЩȥ
ϷҪ
ƾô
һĨЦݸڴǣѾħ˵ѹûҶүҶүʱкɫħûһѳȵشүļ
꣬ɫħᴩҶүļʵȫһнҶүأ롣

1380 

1380 
ô踺أֻΪԼùúһЩ
Щ˲ĥ䣬䱾
ܺãȻҲڹʲôˡ
ӽҶϾϵ
һһĻص˶ߣеĺɫһӣҶүʧ˵ķһݺݵˤڵϡ
㡭㾹Ȼħ
ɱǣаʲô𡣡
ʱѾɱĴ𣬳ɫ˫ɱŨ쳣ڳ׼Ҷүʱһ̯ħ
ϣ֮£Ϸ򶨲㡣
쳣ɫ߳ǰ֮ʱһƻ
ӲĽסһƣδ֡
ѪӴǵڵϣֲ̧ǵѪ
һƣһġ
վҵѪнһƵҲΪ˻֮
ֻ֮֮һ̿ʼֻҵκˡ
ߣ
ɱѾԼĶӣԼŮΣһҲвˣȻ¡
ȺУüͷҪǰڤҹȴֹ
˷ģ
ڿǳԽ˴񾳵ĴڣֻǸո˴ħ߰
ĺڤҹ˵ʱһƺݺݵػϣײǽϣһʵǽڶ޷ܵǿοˡ
磬ôˣ磡
Ȼȴоõܵв
˫Ҫҵ˭֪ȴߵǰ
磡
ÿ
Į쳣ѹûи׶Ů۰еֻһƻУ䱻ɣ
ۡ
ɵ䵹ڵϣڴڵѪ
һеŮӣڵһƣǲҲ˰
ʱȺзɳһһŮˣߣŮæóΪֹѪ
ڣԼŮ򣬻ô
ڵѪѾԶԶس˵룬˭Ҳ뵽Ϊ׾ȻԶŮ˶񶾵֡
ô죬ֹסѪ
ĳŮӺ۾ƾڵҽ;β䡣
ޣ
˰οԼãҲۡ
ɡ
գĳŮߣŮнӹ룬С
ʱԭѪֹ֪סѪҲ˻˹ȥĽһҩĿУԼ棬öһ
һߣѪɫһƬֲ۾Ǳӡ
ñӱߣȫµħŨ޷ݵĵز
ǡʲôǿ󣡡
ΧȺȻŭڵɸǾʱ״̬
ŵĺħȻ˿ֲ
ڣҪҪ
еʶѾȫɱ¾棬ʱĿֻһҵÿһ˶ɱ
һ˲䣬Էֱٶȳǰһȭݺݵػڵ࣬һȭʮֺݶ֮ڵȻڵء
Ҫһ
Ѿɱ˺ۣǼϢʱ䣬Ѿϴ룬ҵ˸һ١
ŨҵѪζ̲סſڱüͷǰһĻ
ס֣Ϸס֣
ǰץסҪֹɱ¾Ϊʱħᱻץס
һɱһֹһʱ䣬ѾʬҰֻʣԼˡ
ɫħ˫вϵ¶ǿľս
׼ɱڵһ˲䣬һɫĹâ˲ըѿ赲⡣
ǵ׹ԽŪ࣬ŮУҸۡǰ
һŮӽǿŮ˹ɫ
ŮӵĿ⻺ѲܣĿڵϣ˵Ų֮⣬ǷԸµߡ
һڱ˾ˣģһǰҪжڡ
ǰʱȴɣɫĹâγһεһѰ׹ûɵĳࡣ
һһѳ˰׹ûķǰһӣħҽӰ׹ק˳
һٶĺŮ΢΢һ㣬ɵ佪
Ǻˡ
ŮŽǺˣĽҲ޷򿪣Ů˵Ǻηʥ
ʲô˲ùܣˣҾҵˡ
΢΢üһŵҩĿУתۿ˷ڤҹ
ɵĺ¶ħô죿
ǣ˽ѵǣΪĴ
ܽ˵ʲôϴǶԵġ
ڤҹеĴԼϣһӣһɫС
Ҳû뵽ԼΪۣȼȡڡ
ĪҪˣΪ֤Բڳֵڶ״
㰡İǿǺɫģڵģ
ҪΪڤҹĶȤζôֻڸոħ֮˱
ô˵Ҳսǿߣһոճé®ˣôеùڡ
Ϊ֪ˣɷԩΪΪġ
ĸƨҪ㣬ҲNɪ𡣡
ĵѵڤҹڤҹǹԹԵĽѵ
ǣ˲ҪˣΪ˻ôΪǺڵģǰŷ˵Ǻɫģ㿴
ڤҹץסĵַԼλãǶԽΪֿİ
˸ܵôΪôôİ㡣
ߣȥٺˡ
գɬЦת׼ȥ
Ȼ֪һŮݣĿǰ˵ˣҲ˾ˣ븴ҲҪ˲ſԣԣûʲôˡ
֮УĺڤҹŨŨζ֮䣬ΧȺɱơ
Ǹɶأأһ³вУԺ˶ˣ˻˳ԺɹһߣΡ
Ǻˡ
ŮӰ˫ĿڽĺڤҹϣѾĴοʶ˵ݡ
Ұ
תͷŷһŮԭûߡ
һ·ƽһε·ˡ
˶ѣתͷŮˣ׼ȥ˭֪Ůȴ赲˽ĵȥ·
㾿ǺˣΪҪ֮ʱ
¡
һ޷ݵħɢԺĶ˱ħѹ޷Ϣ
߰ɣеˣ
ڤҹֱۣʾ⻹лؿջѣ緹Եһңߴﹾеܡ
ãѾˣȻؿջ֮Ϊ¸㡣
ˣԼ⣬ԴѼ
ʱԵ̫ˣŶõʱַһȦҪôȥ
ãʲôΪʲô

1381 Ժ

1381 Ժ
ڤҹǰᣬһŻԲѵһӵŽʧ˵С
֮ǰİǶĵý͵ջС
˻صջ󲻾ãöҲԵͻ˿ջ
ö˲ûߣŮɴ˫ۿŸβĽģǳݡ
ôûߣ
ĸҽκò飬ŷǶԭδ뿪
ʦʦΪͽѣ
ͨһŮڵϣһسŽĿͷ
Ůͻľٶһĺһ
ûûڵĲд˴˵ˣҲʶλﻹȽϺá
ʦҽ㣬ʦΪͽ
Ůڿĵʱе˳ݻǳݡ
䱻һƻɣǴɽҲ޷ȻʦȥͽӹŹ˻ֻشҽܲĽ
Źɶú˵𶯲Ϳͷ˵ҲûͽĴ㡣
ǰ㣬Լ¶߰һѣĻͽ
ʦҪǲҾͲˡ
쳣ִźͼᶨڵŽԼΪͽһԵε̾һ˫־ǰŽ
ͽܡ
Ȼ൱۰ԼãΪüһİҲԸ
Ǿ仰Ĳͽ
λԼ¶Ҳһ鷳˵ˣҲûͽĴ㡣
ֱ׵ĸöˣǲͽܵġ
ڵϵһ¶ȥһһ鷳˲
ʦɶ鷳Ժͽ˵ͽܶƽˣͽǰѧֻҪʦϽͽҽͽԸÿ콻һΪѧѡ
һң
뿪ھܾĽһҵһÿһҵһӱĺסˣ´ǰŮ
ſνǻټöʹõ˵ʲôϹҲĴڡ

ҪͽܣȽ±⣬ħһҲ֪ͽǮʲôʱ֡
Ժ˼һᣬյ˵ͷ
ΪͽҲǲУһ
Ŀ㣬˵Լ
ͽôһڣµʱ䣬µʱΪֹ⣬ұΪͽȻĻȥ֪
ʦϣͽһ١
ǿͷԼж֤ԼʮͨĵĿ顣
ǸʲôһһǰɣҿҪշѵİ
ɤӣʱһ裬һι˫ֽϡ
ʦȲ衣
˲裬ͽеĹâŨңվһԵٴε̾һ
ܾ˲򵥣һĻҲˣԺ˶Ǹ֣ŮɵĽӳԺоˣǺηʥ
ˣ
ֻҪÿģԺʲô
磬߰ɣҸʦͺã
æǱҪôжô
һĵı飬֮ǰ㽻и˽ġ
ʲôãȱۣԺͷˡ
ȱۣ׼֮ðɡ
µʱ䣬һת۾͹ȥˣûͽҲÿһҵ˷ߣ˵ô֮͸ɢ
ôģȴǣߵ͸
ʦʦʦ
ˣ㣬ĵĶʱصʦʦǽһꡣ
죬һЩҪˡ
ãͽվһԲʦ
㰲վһߣŽĸ˿ڣһϸҲŹ
ʦΪʲôҪ˵ַϡ
Լĵط㻹̲ס˳
ĴиܵΪʣҲĵҪѧַ֪ϵķԲ˿ڻָиĺô
ŶŶʦôֹѪģͽ˺ü붼ûֹѪ
ԽţַһЧȷʵر
֣ʾ㽫ùһ棬ŶַĲͬ
֨һڤҹŷ߽˷䣬ŽĵʱҪôжôᡣ
һֱڳæڤҹѾͽܡ
ȳ԰ɣһ᷹˾Ͳóˡ
㴫֪ʶĽĲδڤҹĻԾָ֡
ˣһ᷹ˡ
ڤҹǰӽ룬һԵľϸϸĲŽĵ˫֡
ڤҹɶʱģ㰡
ղûڤҹŷ˽ˣᶼôˣĲ涼Ҫˡ
ΪѾһʱˣκηûзΪ򡣡
һ˵ģڤҹĶǰɢĳ֮ǵľٶһԵĽ
ʦ˳Ưҽãһ谮ʦˣҸ
ʦҽ㣬ʦͽܡ
ǺƵǰкһаЦǽһ⣬ҽڤҹʦ
ʦ
һ˫üڤҹĿϣһ˲䣬б֮ס㡣
࡫
ſˮڤҹ۵׵ɱǱһдһǧ˰ٴһ
ʲôӦýʦô
ʦԣƺԣ
ڤҹʦʱ򣬽Цᶼ˳
Ϲħ񣬾Ȼ˽ʦ
ˡ
ε̾һڤҹǰЦĻ֦òŮӣǰȥ
һĻݵһӺæֵס˫ۣҿٶ˵Ļ档

ʦʦ̫̫ˣǸѽ
ڽĵ£ڤҹݱʦ
ÿһڤҹʦʱ򣬽ĶЦĲ
ûޣ˭ýϹħΨһ谮ŮˣȻҲҪݰ޵ĶȤζ
ʦ
ڤҹʦأ
ˡ
ԿѵתΣΪˣ˺ܺôϼŵҩɸԭ
ȻҲ޴󰭣ǰɫɵȴǲתġ
ʦ㲻֪ôЩǳԺˡ
Ժ
Ժе졣
ѽҵ峤ǳԺ֮һҷ飬˵ġ
˵ֳ֪飬Ҹ߽ģŮǳԺĳ֮һǰɫһסħ˺
˺ӡУ޷ġ
Ժô
˫ĻŵʱǺŮӲƵĿ⣬һĨЦڴǡ
˭鷳ͺãҪȻԸ

1382 ǧͽ

1382 ǧͽ
ʦʦЩѧѡ
һ˫۾գգ͵ĿŽģķһöָ
ָĲӦʮĿģֵơ
ʦָ֮һöңͽһµѧѣʣµȫТʦġ
ΪֿĿԼĳš
ĳʦҽΪɫɫ֮Ϊ߳ġ
ҲһҪΪʦǿˣҽס
һ򡭡
һֵʱ򣬽һ£ȷ˵Ǳסˡ
Ȼ֪ݲ򵥣û뵽һ־һԲۣ
ǰЩӻδƱأת۾һҡ
˵ô᲻Щ£
Ͼûдͽµʵϰ֮ˣƭСӻЩѰ
΢΢üͷ˼ҪҪһЩҽϻʵĶ˽ĵı顣
ʦôЩҲʦЩǮͽܴѹǮʦˡ
˵ţдóһöָ
ͽȻûָǮӦòҡ
ۣ
ң
æץסڤҹ֣˲оԼ͸֮ĲһĴ
İҳ֣ļ嵽Ƕôĺ
գеĵĽֻҼΪѧѣʣµҾƸ㡣
Ҳ̫ӺӲǡ
ЩǮΪʦˣУȻϰҽһоͰҵĹƶΥԭҶὫʦš
ʦʦͽһ
һαʦڤҹüһ壬ܺܲϲƺκѾͷȤζĺܡ
˰ˣʦʦɣ
ʱ˹ħԾǳ˫Щ͵ĿŽġ
ڤҹôˣ
˵ƺϵ˿ڣôǸоɵ˰ġ
ӦǼԭ򡣡
ڤҹ֣ʳָصĶͷϣȻһ
Ůͷŵ˼ꡣ
а취ô
˷ģȻħˣǷǧȻģΪȻԹۡ
һ仰ΨһԭΪġ
ԴӽǶ֮󣬽ػںüΣǾھ·ϣȻῴŷ˵ึ֮
ɫָ뵽壬ԭ͵ĿҲָɫ
̧ͷǰĶ֮ʱɫ˫˲䲼˵ǡ
ģû¶ðĵϢǴɽҲȲ㡣
ħ⡣已̥֮Ϲ֮ǿ󣬶Ϊȶٴαߡ
˽ĺڤҹҪȻͱһֻ֪ɱ¾ħ
ô
ĻǼٵģ˵˵㣬ǲеġ
İһɻǽһҩ
ڵΪȶոնħûжþȥˣΪƾԼϹܴ֮ù𾳵ô
֮д񾳽磬񾳽֮
ҲŵȣĽд㣬ħˣӵϹ֮ټ֮ڤҹһ˿˿վǴ񾳽ߣ޷жڡ
֮ԱǣסΪһʱ⣬˵
յĻĿǰΪ˵ǸҲڵĶ֡
û˵ɽĸ𱸡
Ƚ˵ˣŸơ
ƽ£ֻҪɣǾκεҪȻҲ޷ζˡ
ĸһʮϿʵǳ֮֮ڵһƣЩ飬ҪΪκȵҩĹһĽվļա
˵ˣҵ鷢֮󣬱ȻᰲݣҪҪһǳĻ
ֲ뿪ղ䣬Ҫһ׺͵䣬Ǻá
ʦҪѶ͵ǼȥɣǼȻʲô壬ԺЩ˻ǲǵġ
֮ʼվһ㿪˿ڣ˵ǰż
Ǵ壬Ժ˲ǣ
⻰ô˵ıŤ
Ȼղ䶼ǵʱ̣ܶǳԺĴڿ൱ǿģղĻҲҪɵ֡
һı飬ĸЩ棬СѾͷļ嵽жôĿֲ
ɣǶͽͽȥˣأ
תͷ
żдʲô
ѲɻҪȥڸô
ڵΪڵĶ֣гˣͱǿԼ
бҪڳԺԺЩʲôĴڲ˵ҲӦ
˵ڣ˶ŹԷ
䣬ǻҡ
ȥڣҲóԺĨɱ
뵽תͷЦڤҹ
ٺ٣ڤҹ˵ںͳԺЩ֪Ǿջ֮󣬻ʲô¶
ĵ뷨ܼ򵥣˵һڶȻưոݣһϳԺѹǣϾǰۣΪҵ峤ҪҪ
ôһ˵ԼڤҹҲڸ֮С
ٺ١
һĨЦŨЦû¶ȣ֮쳣
Žгֱֵ飬ڤҹǰס˽ĵĴǡ
齻Ϊã˲òˡ
ڤҹô᲻֪СӵĶȤζóԺضжɢӰ죬һ˺ĸ˾֪ʥ֮ղ䡣
𰡣ôôһ档
Ժǰɣ
ڱУԺĴڵλ޿ɶҡ˲ǵĴڡ
ڽУϣԺ˿һЩȲء
ϵʱżҵ֣Ҫżҵ䰲ȫ͵լһͷͷ
ںǧҳŵԼȥżʱŸȥ
ͽܣҵ۷񾳵߰
ʦ˵ЦˣǼЩСۣʦͽǿߣû֮һ
ݵĿŽģ޲ǰסıԼĽ֮顣
ɻʩͱڤҹһȱ˽ģһţ㵲ڶ⡣
ʦʦ
һһɫħڷУڤҹû˵Լʵж㣬Ǵвζһʵ
ģ˭ȾָŮҲС
ڤҹв˲ſˮεĿһվ
ʦԴ׵ľǲЩ̫Եˣ
ϰ߾ͺá
ͽڤҹӴʱ䣬ڤҹĳѾ˷ָĵزǽĸԼҽ˿ڣܸоڤҹ絶һĿ⣬ʲôǧе֮һ

1383 ô

1383  ô
赲ȥȾƣڶʲôû˹ϵУһ˫˫۾ſջںȾƵĶˣ͸Ũҵĺ⡣
ա
飡
ʦܵˡ
˭
ĸѣûϴűõöˡ
ˣû˻Ǯ
ɲôУڵǮҪ
˭ˣ
ǳԺȺϲ
ϲƺԺȺˣָŲԶķ
ʦԼ˲أ
߲ơ
ջѾԺ˰ΧˣΪ׵˫֮еɱ֮жôŨҡ
ջϰŵͶ
Ц˵ԺĳˣԺɨصǶǲ
˴ΪףϵյĺӺ𾳵ǿߣԼʮԺڿջǰǿߵϢ֮УϢ
г˿ջ˫ָ󣬳ɫ˫ûͣڿڵʱֻʣ±ɱ⣬ͬҪɱһ
ӣɱͬ壬ﵱ峤ձҪʵмҷʬΡ
ϣ˭һ糿ͷŹƨ
ëϵˮһĳǰ¹ڳȣĳɢ࣬ģͬ¸ո˯ѵèһ㣬ʵ
ˣǵ˵ڴ֮䣬Щ⡣
ڤҹߵ˫¡˽ĵĳһӹ̶
ɫӻ͸¶ǿɱ⣬ڸŮ𳤷ʱÿһָÿһ͸¶ᣬ޷ݵᣬ޲ýеİһˡ
˵е䣡
Ĵ˸Ƿڤҹա
զ찡ԽԽ˧
õ죬ݵˣûЩ˵Ķ֣һֻһõһ죬ֻǿϧˣڵĳֻ顣
ʲô
ԺóԵģoʲôһС
ʦҲԣ
ſˮϰҹʦڸʦҹζԼҳҪóǧٱֻϧʦǰ˵ֻеʦŲ֮󣬳Źײҡ
ɼˣζ쳣Ҫ·ֹ޲ðѹˡ
ԣڤҹû㣬ֻ֮нĵĴڡ
Ҳϰڤҹӣһ뵽Եſˮ
ʦܳһڲһڣԸ⸶һҳһ뷹
򡣡
ڤҹһڼһ׷ۡ
ɽʦܲһ
һԼܳԵǽһˣΪкɵûκε
ҾΪ˳һ׷ͼ
ѣǮǲ̫ûҪûضȼøǺòá
һҾܳԺüüǧ׷ŮĪǱ¿˰ɣ˵ڲֵǮˡ

Ӷڸŭգһӣ˹
࿪ڵһɫ˫ɱ쳣Ũң׼ǰڽսʱ򣬽ס
ȥͽܣ齻ǡ
ԼĴ㣬㵽˳Ժ˲ưոݣû뵽ǵĶô죬ձ˿ջ¶
λ̫࣬顭
īƨ򲻹ϲġ
ǽĿԺЩһɱֻǲװѡ
һҹ䲽񾳣ּٵÿǼʱȻɵڣڡ
ʾȥ㣬ʣµ齻ǡ
ʥ֮пĺۼȻ磬Ƭ½ղ䣬д۹ȵĹңÿһҶӴҲ֪׵ʲôط
ȥҵףҲ֪²ҵõ֪ԼҲƬ½ղĶǡ
һǾҪһ䶯֪ȡ
һγǰҪɱһ˲䣬гһӣγһ̵ıݣ⡣
Ϊλ𣬵Ǻηʥ
׼ٴζʱ򣬺Ůӳֹľٶ
ղ䳤Ժ
ǳԺΪһϣҲǳԺΪŮˡ
ղ۹֪ݲռңҲŻ塣
ĸǻĳռ峤ǿǿϵĺڳԺղ۹ռҪһϯ֮ء
ûпڻָ֮ڤҹǰıڻУȫ±ŷŵħѹģһֻֽסÿһ˵ֻ࣬Ҫ΢΢һὫһ㡣
ǿԴԴϵ֮䣬ڤҹĿ֮һƬΧΧ۵·͵֪ǿѹڵϣڵҲǿеĿţûеڹ¡
ڱǰȷûʸԳƱ
Ϲ֮ڤҹ̳˴ڰȫȻʸôק
ڤҹڻеĻ̌ͷε̾һ
磬ѹɲе㴭ˡ
Ļ£ְ֮ѹ˲ɢĵȻ޴棬ʣµֻڤҹеۡ
Ϊˣ˺Щô
ɶϴͶˡ
ڤҹظŽĵգǱһϧ
վڲԶڴڵĺʵĿ˵ʦΪѾһĿֲ֪û뵽Ȼǿ󰡣ǿ޷ݡ
ܵģղ۹ĸ֪ģδ˵ʦʦ֡
ͻˣ֪λٿ˿Ϊ¡
ɵһ棬֪˫Ĳ࣬صĲࡣ
ڳ˼ӵĶ֣οŮҲǺ֮ˡ
һŷŰ̬ȣ˫ֱȭԼһεĳ档
һжڸƻˣһҪɱһǰ˻ûлعʱгֱˡ
ȥϲвɡ
ۿڵĳƽ㻤Ӳĳסһ
һƫֻ࣬δ˼
ֵܡˡ
ҡҡͷǿĿ⿴
ղ䶼ǵ⼸죬ûù
ʱ˵ֹѪˡ
Ľ㣬㻹Щҽʶģٰ˿ڲ⡣
֪ʦİɣͽоԲ
ĵı֤һκβ鷢һжͺˡ
һߣҡҡͷֹ˼ֵڤҹ
㿴žͺãǧ֣ҪȻղ䶼ûˡ
˵Ϊ֪ȣõע⵽ԼҲղ䶼ǡ
׻˵úãк֮¡

1384 թ

1384  թ
ˣΪۡ
ģ֥С¶
ЦǽһڤҹеҲһᡣ
֮Ļ÷壬ȫȫԺ˷С
ȷеղ۹ԺЩǰͺܲײûʲô
ǰһĽĿڵϣһĨЦ⸡ڴǣ¶ȵЦĵһ㣬ĸڵࡣ
ڣҿǻ˺ôļǮžȻڣôźأ
һյı飬˫ֶż򣬷ֱڡ
治ϲڣԼĶŮ˶֣룬ڵԺضǸ鷳
֮СûбҪˡ
һһߵڵߣһǰһУҲ޷ҪҲΪ
𣬻飬ҳԺĳ֮һ
кθϵ
Ŀһ˵һкθϵĻص˶ߡ
ԺǳԺôţѵԺǮɡ
ڵһθовԼ˽»񣬿ΪԱʲôõĳ
ݵһеĶģֶʮǴɵĸֻҪմȾһ˿˿ҲΪʧ
ֻϧĶĶ㿪ˡ
ʵұûɱ˼Ȼһͱˡ
һӣյָץסڣһݺݵˤ˵ϡ
Ѿ𾳵ĸ֣һǸɱġ
һڻδüʱһšڵļ׵
ص˶ߣȻšԼļ׵ȴ侳һ㣬ðź⡣
ŮˣʲôĴڡ
Ժڿ𾳽ĸ֣ȴŮԼһú޻֮
࡫
·˷׷ſˮ˵ڵо˲ܣĿܾ֮˵ĥ硣
ڴʱһѳ׼ݵĴڵࡣ
ߵ˰˫еĳɱڡ
һ棬׼Ժǰܾ裬賤ԺΪڶҲΪʹһЩܸĥ
˫ָ󣬿ǰһڣǵЦһθֶ
ݣұɱڣû뵽ȴԼС
һ仰£ϵıҪôʾжôľʡ
ڶô
ɱڣôȥڱҪܰһ֮һ˰ˡ
˭Ҳ뵽ԻޱȵߵⲽأķҼҲǰ
ˣ͸͸ģǸΪҲ޷Ȼڵ
Ҫ֪齣ɱ˵ˣҲһͬĨɱ˵ˣֻصĻҲûˡ
ʲô֪ԼƯô磬Ҽ˿ɲˡ
һ׼˳Ժ˵ڤҹĿҼĸֵʱ˲両ֳЦ⡣
ˣ㷽˵ʲôΪû
ڤҹһߵߣеİ쳣Ļȡ
֮£ʵָ֣Ůӵĳ˳Ƕʮֵᡣ
ŮǺգɬĵͷ̧ͷƿˡ
֮ٶôˣ˶ŮŨҵİŮ˵ĽߣһĻĻǻŵɰһ
ǡ
ҲҪһֳϺòã߻һ˵أñŤô
λѾˣȺף֪λһ·
ˣҲû峤һлˣԺѡһҵΪܲٿߣҵĻҵ
Ļý΢΢üͷ
⻰ʲô˼Ҳ֪˵һˣҲûʲôھȥˡ
ȻҽҩѺ;ʧǲӦɳԺ
ҽҩѺ;ʧѣ
һ㶣̫˽⽪ĿΪľʧѺҽҩʲô˼
԰㿴ڰǹӸˣҽҩÿǧ˰²ܵ˾š
˵ţĻװܵ˾ŵı飬Լࡣ
˲ˣԽԽ£ҪڵĶҿô찡

ͽı飬Ӳˣǲ֪˵ʲôԼʱ˿̵顣
ΧȺˣһŴͷ·ûķ˵Щʲô˼
ɵһһֺʱֻ˵һ仰ҪҪ
УҽҩԭǿĺϾڴѾˣҽҩҲӦгԺ
ǣʧǸʲô
ܵ˾ţյ˾źô
ղ˭ڴǽһ⣬ʧѣҪòá
ѽѽвУҺú£˼£
ܵǵĲԣԺضĽ
ҧκʵжˣΪһ⣬һҲֵˡ
ǾͺãҽҩѺ;ʧҪźãҪȻ֪շʲôĲ
ЦǽһթĿųԺȥߴǮ
ô͵ľթࡣթ
ڵˣĵĶߴﹾ׼ڤҹصջʱȴˡ
ȫ¶ײֻ©۾֮ʱĵĿϣ
ҪûǴĻӦǵˡ
Ľ࣬ӦǵˣӦǷԹۡ
ٺ٣ʦŰҲǰˣһ㣬ɴȫˡ
Цǽһ⣬ڰײеʹε̾һ
ԺȥˣջϰҲηηĴӹӵ˳ɻȽĵƹľó˺üöҶ͵ǰ
λλү߰ɣССʵǹλүˡ
ջƹĹڵϾͲͷˡ
񼸸ŭ˳ԺˣСضȥˣˣҪҹߣҪȻ֪ôġ
Ҳ֪һ֮᲻ջεӰ죬ȽĿ˵ӻӳһӡ
ڿʼżҵˣ㰲ĿǣԺ˲Ρ
ƹڿż֮ʱһ£ǽӻ㡣
ԺʲôĴڣżţɻǧַ֮ء
ЩǮ¿ջġ
һӣϳһѽҡ
ƹ룬ˣ罫ջΪŵ㣬ƹǲĻŽǮ뿪Ҳá

1385 Ļô

1385 Ļô
գջϰ廹᲻þĴļʮջѡջڲġ
һ糿ڤҹճ緹Ŷ뾪á
ʦʦﲻˣȺˣбһҲˡ
ȺˣȺˣһˣ
Ĳ⣬Щʲôˣ
Ժģ
ţгԺġ
Ҳ˵վѾۼ˲ˣܵġ
¥Ŀ˵Щˡ
ȻջϵҲ˽ġ
ԾĺŮ¿ʱ򣬹ǰ
λ𣡡
ڸô
ƣҲǴܵġ
ˣҽҩѺ;ʧѵġ
ѽթǵ顣
ŶŶ
Щ棬ԺԼǮΪأ
Ŀ֮£öָǰ˵Žָ֮е
öָһңǳԺ⳥ڵ鳤ԺҲ֪飬λ¶ԳԺĳɼ
˵˵Ǯͺ˵
ҲöװҵĽָ
ҡһΪĸоôˬ
ǰǻΪƱ鷸ڱ˵ƱˣǶˡ
ǮҲˣյ˵Ӧˣȴû뿪˼
б¶ô
λ𣬳Ժ֪λ٣ⰲλǰԺһ𡣡
ջĿĵģǮ볤ԺԺǰԺ
һǺͳԺֲϤΨһϤѾˣִŵģǾͲȥˡ
֪ԺʲôСžţû¶ʧȥԺ氡Ƿˡ
ܾ룬ʾͿ͡
յ˽ĵǰָָŵķ
ѣʦҪϢˡ
м䶼ҪϽߣǵۡ
лҪ˵ҲҲסӣһ֮󣬴뿪˿ջ
Ժʧ֮󣬿ջе˲Ÿҿ˵
λ𡣡
Ƕǲˣû˵ʦô
㿴һڿҪ˵ЩʲôˣһĲ
㿴ҿ㣬ʲôû˵Ҳ׷뿪˿ջȻŵﻹǷϡ
뿪֮󣬴˽ļ˱ݳ޹صƷ
ҩƷ಻ڵĻһ۾
ĿĶЩ⣬ȺջʲôǺԼûʲôڣ˹صʲôĿô
ʦǲ֪ȺǱʦġ
ĺ棬ʦʦﵽǴʲôطģѵĲ֪ȺĿʲôġ
ʼҲûвʲôǿԺʦʦǰԺɣټλŵ˶Ǹĳϵȵȣ֪еϸˡ
ģɶ£
ɶ¶
ʥ顣
߽ģԺЩ˵Ŀֻһʥ
ʥɶ⡣
ʦĲ֪ʲôʥô
ӲǺҲǲ⡣
ղ۹Ǵ۹ֻҪƬ½ϵĵ۹û˲֪ʥĴڡ
ʥһصǿ
ʥһΪʮղ䶼Ǳʮʥ֮һڳԺĴ֮Уϼӿߡ
ղҪȥһҪϸ鷽ɡ
Ȼأ
ȷʵ֪ʥʲôʥӦʲô֮Ķ
ûʮһʥ֮սղǶμӣˣʮһεսֻҪʥ֮ս϶ʤʥĸ幩ʮʱ䡣
ӹɣʥʮǿ󣬵һʥΧƵĻһʱ䣬ͻͽΪοʮ֮á
ֻǧʥһֱڳԺйţҲ˵ǧʥ֮սǳԺʤ
µʱʥ֮սҪʼˣͻȻʦʦǿߣ˭Ҳ֪˵һĴڡ
Ժ֮ʦʦǰԺǲö˲С
ˣʦʦԼļս֮ʥ֮ս
ĺڤҹΪʥ֮սԭԼЩջĽ֡
ҸҴ⼸졭ԣʱջһƽ
ԼͷģӽԺ󣬿ջȻɫɫˡ
Ŷԭˣ
µĵ˵ͷ¶ûɶϵӦʹղ۹׺͵ղ֪ԼĴڡ
ʵһʱ仹ûϢǱǰһصȥ
ÿÿ뵽ʥ֮еĽۣı㵣
Ҳ֪ھʲôطʲôΣա
ڤҹܵ˽еĲֽӵ˻С
˷ģһҵĸˣҲȻƽµġ
š
Ҳֻôˣ
ʱ䣬˵һջﲻ֮ⲻھơ
ҲûʱЩˣһ߿Źһָҽ
ò˵⺢ҽѧ츳ʲôһס
ҩҽһ㼴֣ͨҿ¹С
ֻ5ҽӵй˵츳ȴƫƫ˰ϡ
ʱ䣬ĻҩҪֵʱ򣬶ҵ̾һ֮ĳŮº֡
֪Ϊ˱ĺڤҹĶ黹Σڶߣ˿Ƕ˵
еĹƤűĺͷԹ۲˵ڡ
ǷǮ֮⣬ĲǷʲô
ľԼбҪ˵ӺڤҹҲֱӵĹϵ
֮ӦϹħĴڣҲħˣټڤҹڰ֮ע׵׵ĳħһȥˡ
˵ħ޶ޣֻҪľͿɣȴǽ˵˶ˡýЩӦ
ֻЦЦû˵֮ȴѱԼ
ûнĺڤҹöңһݶǼ塣
ȻˣҲеϵһ֪ͼˣţҲҪ˵֡
ҪȻڤҹΪͽɣҲħˡ
һڤҹԼΪͽ۾һԼĶ䡣
ʦôʦΪͽôʦ˰
ǸˣʦΪͽܣͶһʦܣԼϯʦˡ
ȻҪ˷ܡ
ĻΪͽô
ݵĸ֮ʵ侲
Ȼ֪ڤҹǺˣ߰ɴǿĻԼȱ΢˳Ϊͽô

1386 һȶ

1386 һȶ
ǻ򵥣ڤҹڤҹڸѽ
ô˷ˣ
׼ڤҹ˽ĵ֮к㣬ֱڤҹҪ˵
һɫΧɫΧȹų˵Ĳӣټһſʵޱȵݣôôϲ
ĴҧС촽һڤҹ
ڤҹҸ˵һѽ
ãΪϴ
ڤҹŽ˿ɰСģһ˫ǰ
ǲûгɻ飬ȻСŮ֪ʲôдۡ
ոͽܱħˣҲ˵ô;üΪʹ˵࣬˳ͽܰɡ
˼Ȼô˵ˣΪȻܾ
һ仰£һŵ㼤ˣֲֻܱ̫˷֮ȥ
ǷҪ֪ҪΪͽܣҪһؿ鷽ɣֻͨ˿ܳΪΪκӡ
ǱȻģϳɶϺ㡣
ڤҹϵϢǽһ㣬˭֪仰ڤҹȴһ˼
Ҳ㣬κΪȴҪš

һӣ糺֮ɫ鲼ɬڤҹ뿪˷䣬Ŀ˼ԼΡ
Ǹʲôڤҹ˵ĻҲˡ
ĸֻҪͨһؿ԰ʦһؿضغ
һͨģ
ȱôţҵøһ飬ǿڤҹϹħħ֪ɣţƵĴڣǰʱǧС硣
׼֮ܿǰĽڤҹʵݸ֪
ϹħǶôǿĴڣϹ־ʹǿټħ񣬸ǿϼǿ
Ϲħͽ붼룬ҲȻʮվһ˵ҪҪΪڤҹͽܣҪϸĿǲźá
Ϲħʦôôʦء
ңϹħ磬ǲǸ
ĻЦţеĳ֮Ũҡ
ʦϹħϹħȴʦܵģͽ̫ʦˡ
С˼˵˵
ЦǇNɪĸһϵʱ俼ǣϳԷʱӦ
ܿ飬
ˣ
ţˣڣ
죬Ϊò۸Ϊ˲ǰһ裬Ըܿ顣
ڤҹһһӣħûһɫĴţ֮ʲôĴڽĶ֪
źʮ˲ֻҪʮɱһͷħԣʸΪͽܡ
˵һϥأһ۽ĺֻ̤֮ħţʮ˲
ʧħҲʧ
أˣô
ҿȷѾʮ˲
硭ǲеˣʮ˲ʮħĹ簡㻹Ҫɱһͷԡ
˷ģʮ˲еħܹõʮ˲һ൱Уһеʮ֮Լ
ڤҹʾ⽪뵣ģܻŻնɱһͷħԣسŵΪͽ
ϾΪϹħͽܣʹݰֲʮ˲޷ҲûʸΪͽˡ
˵ô˵ˣԼ컯ɡ
˵ţ˹еĿۿžҪеһ鼦ȡ
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˰춼ûҵȣ֮ܵһϢ̧ͷһöڤҹߡ
ٺ٣ʦʮңȡ
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һֽǮһֽʮһһȣֵˣ
ʮûϢһ߳żһ߳׷ĽĶۡ
ӻСŻʲô
ΪģǳԣҪôǮҪô
ڤҹĻĺܣĶȴǼв
Բۣ
һȵ¶ô
ôԳˣżҲȱǮ
ʮΪޣֻҪնɱԻŻصڤҹͻͽܡ
ĺȻϣɹһ춼ûϢЩ
ڤҹҪʲôҺСӳȥ֡
·СģЩ
ڴҪõʳģڤҹ˽ģĪҪ˵ȵȣһеĻǵֻۡ
ʦʦǶ˰ûҪչӤһҹҹɡ
֪ˣǰѽ
ćNɪЦݸܲˣҲʦʦˣʰˡ
㲢֪ڤҹΪζԾͽ۰˷ָĵز
֮ʱڤҹЩɱģڤҹѵ飬˵ʱǺڰ壬ԾɶԼΪеûڡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĻ³һһʳĵˣİ
Щһ۱϶һӣҲ˵ɡ
ղ䶼ǵĴϣȺղķ
ߣĸǮ⡣
ʦͽ˴ߵֻҪ۵ľ
Сӣô㻹ûΪʦżҵʲôĴڡ
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֪֮أ
֮顣
׻һֲеҽʦ޲ߣҹҹս尾ұֳѰҽȻʦ
˵뿪żҵԭУżҲղ۹Ƶ۹
ˣżҲƬ½һָĴ壬ڶ࣬߱ȱȽǡ
żʮӴƵ۹½ռҪһϯ֮ء
ԼôֳôİӸң
ճ˵żôӴļ壬㻹Ǹֳеıôɵ׼뿪żң
ǲе̫ȱˡ
ʦôһ˵ǰǰҪʱôҲͬ⣬ǰʱҪȴǳͬ⣬һҪҡ
۾գգ͵ĿŽģ֪Եɣֻ⿪
ʦһ¶¡
ͻȻÿСץסĵ䣬ģĵϧ
ѾĪĲʹĥ˼꣬յʦܹʦﻹʦܲһһżңȾס
Žĵҽһκ׵ġ
ԣ֮Ϊʦżҡ
ʦ̫ˣ̫лʦˣһ
˵ıŽգʦûҪȻҪв
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ңˡ
岦Ū̧ͷ뽪Ĵк
˵Ҳ֣ΪԺһЩʲôٶûˣ֮ջԽԽˡ
ڤҹأ
ղ˼ˣ󶫼¥ϺȺء
Ŷ

1387 ǷǮɶʱ

1387 ǷǮɶʱ
ʲôˣ
ŴС˷䣬һȺսսպվнһߣڤҹյĺŲ衣
ˣ˰ɡ
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Ľһưɫĳڤҹϡ
̫˧ˣԽԽ˧
Ȼ·Ϊ϶Ȼʡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣҾ˵˵ѣ㻹ˡ
˵˧̲סǰȥݺݵҧһڡ
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һŵײŵӿ˵ӽջѾаʱʱˣʱ˵ǽһ尾
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Ļعͷŷеˣĸ˵жͣŴӦǳԺˡ
ѲɳԺô
ĻǳԺļ룬һλһʥ֮սˡ
ʥ֮սôˣ
Ĳ̫ףʥ֮սɶϵҪʥҲûɶð
ЩƷǳԺ͸λģϣλʥ֮սԹ۵̬ȡ
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ЩĿʲôΪǲʥ֮ս
İɣǶʥûȤˣǰôô档
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õ˽ĵĴ𰸣ĸ˲ͣһ̣ææ뿪˷䡣
Ͼڤҹͬһûѹƭ˵ģ˽֮⣬ڤҹжǿп޵Ĵڡ
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ڤҹ˵Ϲ飬ҲˣֻǵһЩŵľ
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˭֪ŮӼܵвҲҪȫգ֮£ŮԪɢ
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ƶüƻѾպȥżҸĸβ
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ڿˣллذ
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žղǰղ۹Ƶ۹ĳлƻ֮ͣһգȻɻƻ֮𺽣ȥƵ۹żҡ
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ֲܾȱʲôĵʱ棬ĩİ˸˶Դ齫ķʽĥʱ䡣
Ϥ齫ϤĴУ˲սĻһθǰ

1388 ƻ֮

1388 ƻ֮
̻ڤҹ齫ô棬һ˱ھϴ齫
Ϊ㣬Ϊ˸һĴ齫㽫
ʦҸ˵ǼҵľִȵƵ۹֮һʦʦﻹʦܰһ׼䡣
òпһ䣬ǮûǮ

ˣ
ƣֿл³֡
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ϦڵƽߵλϣھɽԿǺͮͮ⣬ůůϡ
һļ紺Ļƻ֮Ǹ˵ĸоһˣҡϵȴʲôһ
ڻƻ֮ͣһ죬׼ڶ˴ǰƵ۹ıżҡ
ʦʦһǻƻ֮ǲеĶأڱĵطԲÿĲ١
ױһһɫĸϣɢŵ֮ܰĸ˲ʳ
ĸڼǷҷڿɢƢĿڸˬ
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żҲٳԵʳһĹʵҵֻлƻ֮ǲУǿӱ޵ܱͣһĿڸУټϻƻ֮ǵСʹˮȶɣĵطԲڸеС
ּΪѵõʳĽ֮£ȻֵƣеʱǮҲ򲻵
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硭ô㣿
㲻ԼǰһУô硣
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̧ͷЦЦҡҡͷڵдһ仰
Ҫȥ

1389 żұ

1389 żұ
硭ô磡
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ԪżĵӣΪ˿ţǶٱŮĿеķѡ
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żȻʶ㣬ǼΨһСС㣬úܣҶүѾССҲһһ
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˱żĶүҲ㸸ֳżʵס
ɱ㣡
˳ˣԺб籯ҵģҪɱ籨
еĳֱĿΪδ񾳣ôĶ֣ȳ㱻һֻס˵С
ôһɱɱģ᲻㡣
Цţһ˫ָеĳƺں᲻Լ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪҵҵ
һɤӺ˳йԼķŭžһһƴϡ
뵽谮ԼĶ徹Ȼ޵Ϊ
ΪʲôҪϻѹżңżҵˣǻˡ
еˮϵĵţĲ
һжΪʲô
Ϊ˱ˣɻЦźԼ˵ûϵ
ĶΪҡһΪ˶ˡ
㲻Ҳ⣬Ҫ֪һеԭ
ɫ£һƵһ㣬Цš
ΪʲôΪżһбҵģ㸸ֻһСˣŮҲżҵһС
־ڿԵıо
Ϊȵһ˲ݵֶõ黨ĺѩô޸ΪԵӡ
Ϊĺģֵ֮ǰô֮Ϊż峤

1390 ʦ㲻

1390 ʦ㲻
һжӦãһжӦõõġ
˵ҵˣɱ㣬ɱ㣡
Ѿ۶˵ĳ˹ȥ
֪һδ񾳵ô𾳽Ķ֡
һ㱻ۿžҪڵϣؼʱ̣ĳֽס㡣
ſ޻Ц΢΢üͷϲСѾͷûûεЦ
أǲżҵ飬ͽҿ̲ˡ
ĵĿתϣһϷĽżҷ¶
Ǻˡ
㻹ûʸ֪ʲôˡ
һ󣬽ĵĿ⻷ܡ
żĴ󣬱ȻʹҪ
Ҳ˵Ҳ壬Ҹѡ񣬵һǴȺ뿪żңжԶ߶Զ
˵żҵ飬ɱϾֻǺ죬ˮأ˭˭˭֪
δ֪һʱ򣬻ǲɱ¾ģãã
ߣƾ㣬Ѿż峤ΪƾǶҺΡ
˿ĿǣͷɵĴǼȻˣҲø˵ڶѡˡ
԰ƾǡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĵĿϡ
𾳵ǿߡ
֪ǿΣǼȻżҵ飬ͱŻ뿪

⻰ýЦǽżҾͱȥ¡
ô㻹ɱҲɣ
ֶż򣬽ķһĨ˪ֶ
˵ģЩܺƽĻòҪ
Ȼ˵ܶ־ԲƱ˷ʱ䣬κ
˵ˣһ𾳵߶ѣʵö֡
һȽٴοڣһƼŽϮ
Ʒ磬ĳŮεҡҡͷ
ȻѰ·ͱˡ
ǰ׼һɱ˽ĵʱһŨҵħƫǵصϮ˱
ۡ
һѪӿŵĿǰĶˡ
ǡǺˡ
Ǻ˶ûϵѡԼҪ·ߡ
ʼ磬ʾԼΪˣϹħҪɱˣҲľа취顣
ԺֿŵԷ˭ɵϳ壬ʱ֪Լôġ
ǱһĸɱлֻͶ̥ǱڤҹֻصĻᶼûˡ
飡
ʲôѵɫħУһѪȵζӿ
ôˣϡϡ顣
һ̬չٻϼغϣһ·ŭԼֵı顣
ɶ̫ǿǿ󵽸ԼĻĻᣬôˣΪһ
磬еѪˣ£
ſڱǣҲ֪ǲ̫飬ɶ¶ɣѪζʵŻ
ڤҹѹ۵ĿŽġ
Ϊ࣬ô
ʵҲڤҹżҵ··˼С̯λͲסĳĸһǺ«
ټѩ׳ǵ䣬еŵѪζڱˣҲǽǿ
Ż
ոջǿŵĽʵ̲ˣתǽ
ڤҹһ˳Žĵļ֪Ȼ˽ǳԶˣ֪ĻΪء
Ϊż巴ѵȺףżҵĻϸ֮󼪡
żĵУȳ˸ԺͻԵĸĺѩ
ô
ѾĥòӣµѾж١
صĸף۵һӿ˳
û¶ˣû¶ˣޣ
εʱѾʱ˸ף˫ַǰԴл˽ĺڤҹˡ
λ£ż
ȴ˿ڰɣ
Ե˿ڲϵѪŵѪζĽˣ˵仰һתηǽµθᶼˡ
һΪһѹһѹ
ãŻŵѪζ£ŻһͺˣŻ
ǻô
ģŮӻе֢״һģһ
ǣʦǵĳԶˣȴ뿪Σðһ¡
żҵвʱĽˡ
ڵ֪˵ϢΪֳԳ̾һ

С£ȻΪż֮ˣȴܴ
һΪ˿ڣһ߸˵ŹżҶ顣
ʱֵܶΪ˸ĸ˹հͷһأ峤峤֮λ
ԲƫҲΪε峤ûн峤֮λܵԭ򡣡
ԺֵܶȻ˫ӣԸԵĲ졣
ΪܵܵΪƫ²ֺֻΪ˴ﵽĿģżҽȻ
ټϵһ£ĺѩֻԣֻΪֵ̫ܶƣڱ֮ʱϴˣȻ飬ɻᡣ
Դˣ˳޵ӣҲǽֱ֮ɡ
֮˱пɺ֮վѪˣԵ֪֮ܵȺżңɻǸоˡ
ҲΪһʱ䣬żҽϴƣǱڵвȫżҡ
ż峤һϵʱ䣬ԱֶνĨɱ
ͬʱҲȳ˹Ѻηеźֵܶˣӻ˵Ԫһֱû׿Լ䡣
żҵ齪Ҳ֣ĵסűԺгŹѩСҲʮԡ
ڤҹ˵ԶЩѩɽô
Ҫȥô
ȥģܾѩɽһ֡һô˵ء
֪ʲôݴʱ˿Ҫ˵ѩɽһֲһĸо
Ӧѩԭѩȼղټ֮ѩи˶ѩ£һȻһ쳣
ڤҹŽΪĸоͷ
ԶԶԣһ
Ǵ
ģٺ٣˭ҿǽġ
ʦ
ڤҹ׼ϽĴǵʱ㲻ʱ˵ĳˡ
ʳеεվԭأҲǲҲǡ
գڤҹв֮£еʳУſˮƳ˷䣬ҹš
Բۣ
ˣ
оյ뿪˷䣬㿴ԺƷѩһȥ
ѾģǹⲻҰɣʦ㲻㾹Ȼôʦ㡣
һŵĪĲ⣬ʲô

1391 лʦ

1391 лʦ
żҵҰҲӻżҡ
ٴο䣬ղ䶼ǵʱɫ࣬ĵ׸жżҵĶ顣
СܾۺͿ磬˹ˡ
żѾмˣĸ俴˿۾ŵһԵȴŽ
ûʲô̫ϣ
ȻǽҲ޷¿۾Ѿˡ׿ΪʲôƼԸ߿ƼҪȻֻںڰһӡ
Ҳˣһӳ˵ףĵҲâһжΡ
һЩصղ䶼ǣҲˡ
磬ûϵģȻˣиߣء
ǵûΪԼҲеˣ֮οȻһֱ͸һȵùһС
һԿŵĽε̾һϲǿЦ
˹֮ͣԿȴ³
Ҳңö˲ٷֿˡ
ɣ
һ˲תͷڴŷת
ʧˣûʲôתʧǳ˶֣Ҫ˵һ飬Ҳغ
ҷŸֶһ
ʱºʱͣϹ֮Ҳһʱ̽Ѱ
ڤҹ֪ô
Ϲħʶ࣬þã֪ʲô
ڤҹһ䣬һ˿ɫħΧߣڤҹüһһ˿˿Ȥζܿıɢˡ
ôһ¶
ĪҪżƷͬˣϹŴ֮Ҳˡ
ڤҹû뵽涼̲ϹĴУֻһһȫͬ
ҸղѾ̽ѰˣϹ֮Ϲ֮Ҫ͵Ķࡣ
˵ûǴ֮ΪûӦϹŴһļ֮
ڴһ壬ŹģѾ˵Ůһ壬һżռ
ôһ˵öѧ˼ռۿҲܹ۲쵽һУֻѰﲻͬѡ
һ仰ö˷׷һ£վһԺŲһӱ
ǺðѽҷСǾռĴУֱùնΪͽܣͺô
˵ˣʦżһΪ׵Ĳ飬Ҳùռ˳ù˶䣬ǼһҲûͽܡ
䡣
ĵĿںϣеƺѯźҪҪѧϰռ֮
˫Ŀֻѧϰռ֮ؼ̱Ȼʮּš
Цţ˵ͷδ˵СϵıѾ˵һС
Ȼ͸һ룬Ϊ׸
ãձǰңڴ֮ǰʦȿױ
żѾָҲԭÿÿҹܵʹĥֻгҩܰ˯ҩڷöмĺټǰЩżҵıʣ׵ĲмһЩ
һҲΪ׿Ĳڿܿˡ
֪ȥǡ
лʦ
㲻֪ʲôԼĸм֮飬ûʦʦĻżѾˣǶΪ
һżңԼʦʦ
ĺڤҹżҺլլŮӳĵطǲڵģڤҹǸ⡣
һĺڤҹ֮Ĺϵǿ͸͸ģҲ˼ֹڤҹڣڶҲҰ
ǿߣ˵һֻˣһָͷƷżҡ
ңʾڤҹţȥŷ˵Ĳ顣
⣬ڤҹ˫ָżҵһүǱֱվڤҹһǵһʮֵΡ
Ȳ衣
˰ɡ
𡭡
˵ʲôڤҹѹͲˡ
ڣڴߣ˫̽Ѱŷ˵
˵һΪҩҩĸѾ͸ĺѩ˵ԭӦúƤҲò԰ײԶԶȥͺһʬһ
ʦ
Ҫʽ׵֢״տڽʦֱס˿ڣŽĸ׿
һʱ䣬ľô۾ĺѩ˫ۣϴɾ˫֣뿪˷䡣
ҷΡ
Ρ
ʦΡ
żҵŮŮٶŷ˵Ĳ顣
߳ʱڤҹ˽ĵϣǰĳ
ڤҹľٶ쳣ᣬѩ׷ɵ죬ǾͶİڻһеĺ䡣
峤ŷжʱ˭ζҩŷ˵
ĻҷЩɥҷĵʴȣڼһϵϵζҩҷ˷¡
˵ŵĺѩ˽֮ʱһϵŸУһζҩĺѩ
һʼǶΪżҵŮˣʱתݵİ֮ĹѨȴǷ˷ħһÿÿҹܾ˲ʹĥҩᲢ뷢
ǣһҩһβʱͻʹࡣ
ҩ˶á
ʮΡ
ͣҩɣҺú˰ʮΣڶһΣȲˡ
ŷ֮󣬽ĵõһʮֲõĽۡ
ѯ֮£Ҳ֤Ĳ롣
ŷĺѩڵĶѾ۵һ̶ȣǷõڰʮһҩŷ˱᳹׵׵ɥʧǣΪ˰Ūʬ⡣
ʦôһ¶ôˡ
ĵ쳣Ľ֪׾ôˡ
ҲµûϵаƳɵĲҩҪƳʬ
ĵһ仰ʹɫһŵĿŽģŻеĿֲϢ
ЩҩÿֻҪüηɣûһΣŷ˵ĲΪأǲãŷ˾ͻÿ겻ԲеΪ˵Ŀɶԡ
ǣзӾҷˣ
Ⱦף
Ԫֵ˵ϥڵϣֻҪܾףǵҲǡ
ʦȾס
˫ϥأŽľһףʲôԸȥ
ΪʦͽܣȻΪʦѾżңȻԹ۵ġ
̾һ˵鷳Ҳذ
֪ײߵʹ࣬Ҳ˽ⵣ׵飬ıģȺŷˡ
лʦлʦ
л𣬵һһ˴հ
һ仰ŵĽŵһ㶡

1392 ڤҹСô

1392 ڤҹСô
ʹãĸףҵͽܣҲӦóȡ
ǰ𼴽صԣֽӴԵʱڤҹнıڻС
ˣˡ
ôʲô׶ԡ
İһڤҹûˡ
˵ˣôߣóԺúȵչԼԼСƢΪָֻɲ뿪ڤҹ
֮һû¶ͳԴףеĴҲԣŮĴҲԣԺ·¡
Ϊġ
úúãڶˣԺóԵġ
ʲô
ڤҹ쳣ᣬ޲ðȫᶼһˡ
˵Ӱʧ˵УżҵһȺ㿴ҿ㣬û̫׸ղŷʲô顣
û¶ʦƢ
㰲ŵֳеĲ⣬Ժǻ˽⵽ʦ޵˷ָĻ档
ľ˾ŷĺѩ䲻֪ϵΪҪŸҪŷƳʬ
ɻǾ仰ȻĳΪʦӦͽܵ¶Ͳܷڡ
ŷ˵Ĳ˵Ҳ򵥣Ҳѡ
˻ν⡣
ż峤Բ̫׽仰˼
ŷ˵Σ֮ʣȷȷʵʵζҩһ˽죬ҩҩЧѾٶ˵ˣҪŷĶأֻҪζҩ
⣬ǽ˵ü򵥡
ֻҪζҩɣܳ׵׵ŷĶصȻ޴档
ҲΪζҩҪҵζҩѶȿȵ졣
ѣζҩʮֺһζҩѩɽ֮еһ͸ĻҲ֪Ƶ۹Ƿ֣ڶζҩһɽеĻݡ
ǵζҩأ
ζҩѣֻҪҵǰζҩζҩԻзӡ
ζҩѶȲѵǰζҩݡ
ٽѩɽ˵ҪҵҲʲô£Ѿڻݡ
ڳƵ۹żҵ·ϣ³˴齫֮⣬ССĲȺ顣
бйڻݺ;ļأλҪһƵ۹ıأһƵ۹Ϸ֮󣬶ҪõκһζҩҪ൱ӴĴۡ
οڵϷƵ۹ڣżĹϵ֪ҪõݣѶȱȽϴ󰡣
ģһ֮ڣұػὫݴ
ԪŶģֻҪһµʱ䣬һὫݴżҡ
Ǹɶһȥɣ·ҲиӦ
˵ʵԪһǰϷѰһݽĻ治ģѾһʮ˲õڤҹĵ֮£Ϊٵ
ţܺܿûػݡ
ʦġ
˫ֱȭԼػݣ·ϻᱣԪ
ĵףҲǸһĻᡣ
żҵı£ƽ£Ҫġ
˵߾ߣԪ򵥵˰֮˾ǰƵ۹ϷѰһݡ
֮ǰǧһҪСССġ
ãôûҪ˰
Ԫװױģ̾һʾԼ൱ˣ֮ź˵ˡ
СʦܣʦĵȻҪչ˺Сʦˡ
շɿһĨΣܿıʧߴŶ˸Ͻϴʱ䡣
žʧУŶƽµĴݹ
һģ
żҲɳȥѩɽѰҾ
ǻ״ѩɽУңоڵĵطһ͵ػţҪǵҲҪСĽǡ
һʱ䣬Ļʱӡסŷ˵ţڼ״̬涾صͨ
գ˴
ɢϴ˸Ƿ
治Ը𴲣ڱǶôҸ鰡
ʦھȥҹǡ
á
Ҳѩ׳ǣƵ۹Ĵ壬Ϊóˮռ֮Իǳùҡ
г˲ٻʹߡ
ΪżҺͻ֮䷢飬ЩԶżҵĹϵ
˹ңһ˸ۡζûмǡ
ǼҶүأ
СĻǼҶүڻʹУĲڸۡ
ҵѾ˵˺üʮΣһǰʱͱ˻ʹѩ׳ǵĹҡ
ûƭң
СĸƭСĲǹүүС㶼ȥ˻ʹĹҾֻʣСˡ
ʣСô
΢΢üͷ빬ô˽ʲô˼
ڴʱһССӰźصѧǰСԴౣɰĺܡ
СΪĹϵһĨ죬ټһ˫Ĵ۾žͺ껭ϵСŮһģһ
ѽСý㱧
Сһ죬ſ˵ĻУڿĺڤҹʱһ˫۾ĿŶˡ
Сڿʲô
㱧Сع˳С߿ʦʦ
㣬СҪ
СŮ˵ҪСֻСһ˽Ķſֱۡ

ÿɰ
ĶСɰŴŴôôÿŮޡ
СҲϲģڵĴ۾ǻϲЦ⡣
ȥСӺѲģƽʱ˱İ˽Ӵʦ
ĴָԼҵʦ
һԵҲǺ棬ǰЩʱ˵żҵ飬Ѳɾλżô
СС㶨ȻǸӦʲôŻ󱧵ġ
ıڻиֳ谮С𿩿Цţɻû湻ͱһֻӵһߡ
ѩеССеѩͷŭڤҹ
ڤҹͷŰռԼŮ˵Сܲͷ˫Ǳĺܡ
һһСôԳţʱСűصĲߵڤҹǰ̧ڤҹ
ħߣ
Сܲͷ
ڤҹָСϣСŮҪڤҹκȲֻſСһ໿ޡ
أħ
ߣССܲ뱾Ůˡ
ۡ
ıﲻסЦˣȥЦ
ʦռǿ¡
ʦ˱СѣʦͳԴˡ

һŮӵĴף
˵ȥҲ¶ˣ
ЦöˣһԵĽε̾һ໴޵С𣬰СŮ޵
ڤҹСô˺˲ˣԹԹ
󻵵ħ㣡
úúã󻵵˹
Сһ޵һһģ۰ˣ˲űСص˷С
Ǳȥʹһʱǻزˣһԭ·ػصżҡ

1393 Ƿ

1393 Ƿ
˻صżҵʱһС

ϱ־Ƶ۹ı־żʲô
ȻӦŷˣǲ뵽һͻУڤҹ·ǰլ
ڶ׼ȥ֮ʱܵƮɢһϢζŷɢζʮơ
ɵãĶ࿴һ۴վŵӣɫ׺գ˫ӥһ㣬һǵ֮
ˣֻһֱŷˣǺ޹ء
ż˵ʲô˲ϵϵʱ򣬻ѾˣԵɫȴǴӻ˳ֵʱһֱĺܡ
һʱ䣬˲ϽŸأҲΣÿһζϵϢʮŻ
ǳʬӴĹϵҲʬζ
ֱڰ죬ѩɽ˹˵ɽϷ˾ɽзһ壬дһʫûϵóʲôС
ҵô
ûУʮѩɽ˺ö죬ֻ¾ҵһ壬ǹϵģ˻
ۿһµʱѾȥС룬˭ġ
д˭ʶѩ׳ѧʵҲоףʦʶ
㽫ӡһ仰ڽǰָɷ֣һʦǷʶ
ֻɨһۣڿϵּԼݵʱһæùӡֵֽҿ
أʲôط
ҵǣھʦȥ
Ȼ֪ʲôȻʦʶϵ֡
ʱ㽫˹и˽ġ
ڿʱ򣬽鼤֡
ڤҹ׵壬㿴־дֽϣӡȥġ
ָϵ֣˸д
֪джôѿŻ׵ּ
û뵽ȻƵ۹׵Ķ
ʲôطֵģЩɻˣ
ʦżͽѾȥˣϾ
ѩɽǱ˼ģһ±Ʋı鿴Žģֱ±ơ
Ҳûɶ¶ѲɺʹԼ鱻ˣమġ
ˣ֪Ск¡
ſˮ߶µվֱ塣
ţ㣬ʲôطֵģ֮ûзֱġ
Ŷ
ԭ¶Ϊôأ
˵ĻѩɽԨбֵģʱСԨȥˣ
˵ŵʱΪ˾ԨԨз˷壬ڱĶûзˣԡ
ʲôһһģֻʱѩǾͻˡ
ѩɽһˣÿһ˸һƬ򣬽е̺ʽڿĵضػʮζûҵֻԨз壬Աˡ
ںδĵطںδȥ
һҲൢ飬ϳץշС
˵һ˲䶼ɵˣΪԼɣҪôˤҪôҪô
ڷĵضξѩ׳ǲ̫Զշһʱʱ䣬Ԩ
ѩɽ֮еԨһɫľһУĽϵĺôӸһԾԨ
ˡ
ڤҹҪ˵ʲôɿѾûԨеҲȥ
׵ĺڰܣͣڰУܺ׺͵Ϣ
ڤҹ׺͵ֹܸоõ
ǲϢϸȥұΧһۼЩۼʥµĺۼʮơ
ףģģ
ĺŷ뽪İݣֻлӦ
ˣ˺ĸ˲⡣
ڤҹۣϵ˽ĵϡ
ĵ飬ԨгǶ֮⣬ˡ
ʱ̫ѾУսԨУŨĺڰͬʱҲýķ˵ķⶫ
ԨײһȫƬֳѩɫŹâ
ڽķʱҲ˽ĵĴڡ
ſԨײŭһ׼ǰȥ˺˴Լ˯ε顣
ǰһ˲䣬͵ͣסΣӶײԨұϡ
̣ҲǸĻôô壬ҪɶҪɶ
һɤӺ˳ίĶˣܾʲôΪһ
ǰһ̻ҪɱԼһȴίý±Ʋѡ
˵ʲô
ʲô˵ʲô˵ʲô㲻ôΪ׷Ⱦ˺ɫ۾һɫӾͲʶˣҸ㣬Ѿȫ֪鶼˵ˣҪ۸ӡӾ;͡㿴
ǽһңһ۸˲һֵӲ˱֣⿴ĽЦ
ιʲôʱ׺͵
ȷɣɫǼ׺͵ġ
׺͵
ֹͣ˿޺תϸ˿ģŷǰŮȻͷĳͷ۾֮һëһͬһˡ
ˣӻΪǷǷء
һǰŮ˲ǷģһӲ
ǷĺͽİݵŮߣҲôôϽ˯
ǲͷİһ۽ģתߣȴľסβ͡
ң׺͵ʲôʱȥ
ҸҾ͸㣬Ǻûӡ
һķίţƵòˡ
ŮϾ裬ɡ
ô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣİڶָؽ졣
ֻ֪ǷĵŮΪĲΣһ仰ĸŮ
£ţֱˣҴλûǷĵض
˻δȬˣ۵޵ǽһˡ
ôһӣܲܽ˰̬ܲܺõ㣬Ҳ˼ǧ
໵Ŀް޵ĺһ
ӣĿŽģٰһٱ
˵⣡
һɤӺҲٱƱûõģһһʮʵʵĸ߽ǰ顣
׺͵Ļڣӡ˯ͱˣǱԹôң
ʱĻ棬˵ǽһᡣ
˼ǧɱĸŮ˴ǽһҡ
Ļʲô
ĻԴ֮أ׺ʲôҪĻţҪʮʥһſɡ
ٺ٣
͵Цţû߷ģһ뵽ĺͽİݵĻı飬ĵ׾Ͱطˬ
ôȥĻ
Ȼȥˡ

1394 ԶˮȲ˽

1394 ԶˮȲ˽
ȣ
ʲôط
ȴҡͷ
һطһʱƶԹֻȳǰҵĴڡ
ڶô
İŷеĺһ˲ŷѩɽĺҪ
࡫
ſˮŶġ
û˵˵ѣʻ˼ǧޣǶ֪һԹȥҵĻȻѰֻеȵʱʱȲŻǰҪȵĴţҪʮʥſԡ
ˣ׼ȷ˵ǱĺͽĸŮ˴˵ġ
˼ǧɽͷҲǺ绽ĸŮ˴ģҪô
ʵϣĲҪˣֻҪܲллˡ
˵ģ
ǧȷһƵаֵĻѻһӵԡ
һηģԼ߽ģûаٻ
ˣȻĸҪȥĻĻҪʮʥȶ˻Ƭ½ϡ
ڤҹĻýĵǵһ
ԣڤҹ˵һ׺͵֪ĻҪʥĻʮʥȻʧʱȥѰױɡ
Ǹʲôͷһ䣬λӢµ๫ħˣҰôҪϢˣܲܰһСæССæС
ͷվڽߵ˲ǵ֮ҲǺ棬ǷĻǽһ㣬ĸŮ˶ޣôҵ˶ħޣҶǳ˾ǿڡ
û˵ɤӣٺٵЦ
ǸɶҲΪͣͲǰôȫɫһ˰ٵħԨеħѾյĲˣλϵħŨܲܽҵħ
ͼ⣬ڤҹϽħʱħ޳ΪħΪ㲻ն
ڤҹЦţħȻϱŷա
ǿħ־ϲħԦˣ̫ڰԵǵշٺһ
ҴҴˣ᲻£ͨɣ
߰ɡ
ĳ˳ڤҹ䣬ڤҹջħڿĵʱ۵ײᡣ
ãʲôż֮Ϊ
ûʲôθڡ
ҡҡͷ˵֪׺͵һƬ½ĳطվǵġ
λ߰п棡
ҡβͿͣǶ˵ӰʧУŵһ˳
ӵģǴ򲻹ôҪȻڱвô
һһӶǱ̬ޣ
ֱȷԼȫˣŻصԨĶѨм˯Ǳûʹ˯ҲΪ
һߣϵţ˵ʱ򻹲˵һα
һڤҹСһӣһ仰˵Ļصżҡ
һηеĸо˾֮־ô̼֣а¾һҪв񾳣ҲԴŴػصķɡ
ʦǻˡ
ǰ˰죬ǿ˽ĺڤҹӰӡ
ƻѽۿԽԽڣڤҹӵŽĲżң
׼ȥʱȴһסˡ
λ
˵𣬴дſ֮
ĻعͷһɫˣΪɫԵʣû̫˵ĳ࣬˵ĴŴ磬ǵ֮
Ƶ۹ƺǰЩλżҳ֮ͽ
ƺ˰˫ȥº쳣ΪǸǿ඼Ǻɫģ֡
ĴѩɽЩˣ˵ʲôϻ
ɶ£ֱ˵
ҲûԵ飬żҺͻ黹ϣλҪڸԤȥԶλżҶá
ƺֱ˵⣬Ҫһհżҵλ߾ʲôˣһһŮѡ
ǸﾹȻᱻ˴ܣ˷˻ҵѪ
в
ƺתȥڤҹƺ쳣ĺ䣬Ҳû˵ʲôǣŽĵʧǰ
վԭص˫ֱȭϵЦжôֻˡ
ӣӦʦûմ㡣
ƺҪ˵ʲô㵱Ȼ֪ʦŹЩˣƺѣҪȻƾӣƺͱ趼ϵˡ
ЦһҲƺ˶½ϵķѩʧããҹɫ֮С
ӱŭǶ˲ǡ
ΪƵ۹ӣƺʱӹȻвʡ
һԵĺƺ֮ʱʱֹסΪҾƺһŮǺǵĽɫ
СҴı
ߣ
ƺݺݵĿһ۽ڤҹʧķ˦ȥ
Ҫ赲żҵļƻҪ֮ء
գСԺ
ʳԺУԶԶı㿴ڤҹڸͷ⻭濴ĺĽ
ʦʦĳ谮ҸŮˡ
ɵʲôء
͸ӣĿ˷㡣
Ȼǿʦʦ£ʦô㣬ʦҸء
仰ڤҹθڣƶһĵ׼Է
ڤҹ׼緹жôĸˡ
һɶ¶
ʦͺóԵѽ
㽫ʳз˽ǰڷһЩŴĸ㣬˵Ȳ⣬ζҲһһġ
ҪƺǼһһֱƱƵڲߣˡ
ƺ˭
е졣
סʦʦǸˣƵ۹Ķƺ
£ϵǸˣŶˡ
ʦҸ˵ҾûôҪˣżҵʱƨ͵żʥʥڻˣҫ˵ʲôʮʥ֮սڴżı֡
˵ˡ
СӣżҼȻǱصһ壬Ҳӵʥļ壬յ˵ӦǸƣΪλĵ
һֱ̫⣬ΪȻ𾳣ֳԵĶ֣żҼҴҵôΪյʥ
ʥʲôĴڽĺʵЩ⡣
żȻǿһֻҵʹߣĸֻе񾳱ͣͲǰҲûüλڼȥ
˵żżΪǿʱһһż˵Ƿޣ廹ûзѵʱмλ岮֧żҡ
Ƿֱ̤ĵ·׷߲εľ磬ء
׻˵úãԶˮȲ˽𣬶׵ΪҪЮŻԸܡ

1395 ĺʧ

1395 ĺʧ
żǿڶ࣬ǿ߲Ƶ۹
һľ֮󣬱׷ߵľ硣
ǣżڶǿ̤·̣׷뿪żңеȥ½
ң˭Ҳ뵽żҵıʾȻżԼģϻҪ̲żҡ
˵Ǿ仰ĺڤҹżҵĶˣżҪĳˡ
ǶӻʥΪҪЮȴʥ֮սϿżҵЦ
һ㣬ŭգǵֹһҩƺ˵
ʥ֮սô
˫Ŀڤҹ
׺͵ҪĻҪʮʥ㲻ء
ʥ֮սûпʼô
ûУƵ۹ʥ֮սҪղʥ֮սϼµʱ䣬ʦμӰɡ
˫һʦʦĻǾûɶ¶ˡ
ҿ˵ʥ֮սһʱ䣬Ȱ׵Ĳκá
˵ŷ˵Ĳ룬һµʱֹȥЩӣǾǻݶûϢ
ÿ춼ڽ֮Уǵķ˵Ĳ飬ΪԼĶϷĵ̣żҺͻ彻û֪ϷѰһݣⲻֻ¶ˡ
峤ģţ¶ġ
ȻϷǷģֻϷĲ֪Ϊλֲ̿
˵һ⼸ܾʲôҪһֲ֪ʲô顣
鷢飬˳Ȼ
仰˵ģͬʱҲ˵Լġ
Դ֪׺͵Ƭ½ѰĻľͷҲ߰˰˵ˡ
Ϻڤҹһ£ǲμʥ֮սҪʥ
˵һ£ǻżҳսʥ֮սһȵʥ֮󣬶Ҫʥһʱ䣬ȵһЩ֮ڽʥһ塣
֪ĺڤҹλҪżսһ£ΪԼ˻ֱ㷴ظŽĵĻȷλҪżݲμʥս
ȻʥȻҪż˵Ҫһεʥ֮սغʥǹغżϷĻ弸ǧĶԿ
֮ȣʥƨ
ǣʥ޾˵õٵ˲֪£ʥ˵ӴҲҪлԵ߷ɲʥеľ裬ʥҪȻһˮʵڡ

ٺһЦǰЦǽһ
Ůôˣ
ûǮˣǮ
ʾԸǮûǮˡ
ߵʱǸ㼸ô
ңŶõʱ䣬ôͻûأ
˵ˣ϶֮ǰҲǮ氤ܶǮҲһʱ䡣
ˣӰʦʼԷÿһҪǮ
Ҹ˵ʦķɺóˣеС󡣡
һӡʮô
ȻϴǨһʱҲеܲôĲ˼ۣԼʦá
һʮңһһҵѧѣټ߰˰˵ķãҪǮǽĺڤҹһŵȥʸס
ݺݵ̾һֽһöָ
ŮȻڳʱ򣬿ɻҪٳԵ㣬󰡣
Ҳ밡ʦ̫óѽ̲ס
ۿһµʱ쵽ˣһѩɽҵ˾ȥʱ˻ʱ򲻵һɡ
ľЩ˳ѩɽ֮С
ǲڣǵżҵġ
֮Ҳصżңõ˻ݣΪ˱ˡ
ֵܣզˡ
㿴˵εĳ̾һȴĿǡ
ãҲˣܲܿһۡ
վһԵоԼǶģվһ𣬿õĿͿһߡ
ˣĺۡ
ûУͿأⲻʦڹʦô
ô
ѽѽīˣϽȥʦʦŻأȥһ¡
ߣԪһ˶Դ硣
ôо֮Լûɶλأ
У֮뱨ǲһװǣõģԲԣ
ͻݶѾҵˣʣֻһζҩ
˶⣬ֻнĺڷ׼ŷˡ
ʦ˵Ҫζҩô
ǲ⣬ͻֻ֣ζҩʲô

1396 ߶

1396  ߶
ڽĺ뷿󲻾ãһ˳ŸǰһĨЦ֮⣬Ųżңȫż赲ǰ
ʲôˣôŸۡ
Ȼǹϵ֮ˡ
ɫһᣬɱ⸡֣һƱһɼΪ֮ĺ
żʲôط
Ŀƺʲôһ㣬żҺլһƴҲûֹ˵Ĳ
԰˫ߣеɱ˲Ũ
ԭ㣡
߲Ǳˣǵյĵˡ
˻һ·ͷϵó
û뵽żϵƶ
˵ĿĵĿԣûΪżңΧż˶е֮Ӹ¿úܡ
û뵽ҵݺ;䲻֪ǺηƽⱾƶĽҩζҩǸѰҲġ
Ȼ˻л
Ҳɱ㣡
ƶȰʡʡɣ׵ĵζҩƶУֻҪǴӦʥ֮ս壬ƶȻὫζҩ˫ַϡ
ԭˣ
ԭǻˣһһж˵ͨˡ
һǧ֮ã벻徹ȻȱɵֶΣǺǣ˲ܡ
úɣ˵ҪĪеҫҪ
Ŀ¶׹⣬Ҳʤȯյ飬ƺ֪Իѡǰߡ
޳ܵĶѾõʥΪλһٶ׵вżҡ
ȻΪ˱żٲã̤۾ǿߣΪ˱ⲻҪ鷢ƶǡ
˵Ļʱ򣬷洫˽ĵ
ܲܰ㣬߶߶ʲô߶߶߶߶һԴι
ҩҪʮְĻǽҲҪ۾񣬲ɳֲݺ;ΪʧȥҩЧ
Ҫ֪ǻݻǾвҩķ˼Щ˵װ
ǺˣҶƶ˳Բѷ
һǵ˵껰㱻һǿѹѹţĹ˵ϡ
䣬޷ݵĺ֮䣬Ǳѩأʱ˿̸
Ũħ˲֮䣬ڤҹع񣬴һӣкɫħûɳվǵ˵ͷ­
˫ۣĿд˲⡣
߶š

1397 ζҩ

1397 ζҩ
𾳽ĵ˾ôˣǽһҡ
ԼôĶ֪
Եɵɵվԭأ˿ϵͷʬ壬ֿ˿Զͷ­ڤҹϡ
࡫
һ˷׷ſˮŨħѹ£Ҵ
֪ǰʦ๫Ҳ֪˵Ϊжô񣬿ɵܵǿľ֮ʱǸĵ׶ˡ
ΪżҵļԼ̫ĸˣڤҹ֪Ϊ˺εȾǿ˵ǵһμ
ˣ߶˵Ҳʧ
УĽ˽ָһֱ˯ľβСס
Ҳ֪ôˣԴӶ˴ʥƬ½ʼС׾һֱ˯ѡ
ָУС˵˫ۣ뿪˽ָ
ˡ
С״һĹǷĿŽġ
˽Сʲô¶ô
ۣÿɰĺꡫ
ΪŮвϲɰĶڿС׵ʱ۾סķŹâ
СǾĿ㣬׼ʱ򣬾βˢһƺֻҪʲôٶСһᷢ𹥻
ʦСôô
˭СأСƨ
ССǲĽСƨСצһ˳׼Ȼ˼ӡ
ˣСףһѪ
ŶõΣ
СҲܽҪʲôҲݺԼ
˽һκѪС˴ڴϵŷˡ
ˣڵĹƶء
ѽԲѪ
ζҩǾβѪ
βѪѹסƶСϹβѪҺЧ
ȥ˯ɣá
ҪõβѪҲĽСס

СǴһǷҡžβͣŽģκ̫ˡ
ˣСȥ˯ˣС㹻֮һˡ
á
Ĳ֪СԨô꣬ǿźԶԶžڵȥԴ뿪ԨԴϾ˵Ԩ֮ҲһЩľ޵ڵԶԶȲԨг
ڣĺڤҹʥ쳣Ĵ½СҲ㹻˯ΪЧҲ򵥵ķӡ
ò˶ãֻҪٹһʱ䣬ͿԳˣͿıˡ

1398 㻹Ҷ

1398 㻹Ҷ
ζҩѾˣʣµľǽζҩĵĹעͻ֮С
˲֪ڷʲô飬ͷĵʬѾ̧ȥǿͷҲӳŸһǵǺ»ڴ
ʱԶʮƵ۹ʹ֮С
ƺ˫ָһ˫֮еĺ쳣ɭ
վһԵİԵõĺŲ裬һӵĳ˵ĸоɽеˡ
Ŷʮ̬꣬ȴԵʮϳǡ
˱ǹҵĶүǣҲҪĽܵռ֮ˣֻͱ˻ʹ
ˣҵļͼλҲפ˻ʹԻԣʵʲôĿúܡ
ӣҾһαذɡ
һ㶼ɵǰŻƵ۹ĶӣеĲ豭Цƺǲˬ
ôѲɹҶүռ˲ɡ
ǵûУҲ֪ǹҵȻÿ̽ΪС
ռ޷Ǿǿ̽Ӷɴ
ݹʷռ֮˵˶쳣ҵģƾһǡɶһ٣Ƶռǻġ
˵ΪѾֵ֪С¶ȥռֵá
ǵĿ⻺ƺϣƺʲô˵ڵʱֽҪ˵Ļ˻ȥ
ӣҲʶҲϣĩ·
գǽҪ˵ĻȰ⡣
ü򻹲
ԣ֪ʲôġ
̫زʱø飬ʲô̫֮λ
ƺ䣬ҪõǸλã˶Ƶ۹ĻӲֻưƺ
ңһεʥ֮սҲǳ׵˽żҺͻĶԹҲ֧ҵ
ƺѹͲѹǵĻڶУ˵ʲôҲΪˡ
񣬲ƺƵ۹뽫ż
ǰʱԣǴʱ˿̣κʤϣ
ЩѾ˵˼ʮΣȻЩ˲ȥҲûʲôҪ˷ѿˡ
ֻϣռ֮е˲ĺҪȻƵ۹Ҫϴˡ

Ȩλãɶǽɱ¾֮ϵ
ߣƺ֪ԼɳȥĵѾ촦Ĳˣһߣھһϵļ尾֮󣬽³һ
ãã
ʦôˣ
絽Եڶ峿㶼۾ڴߣʲôۻŸɡ
ϢһʱɣǲʲôĻһʱ
һۣЩˣӹеľ˲գ뿪˷䡣
ҷˡ
һʱ֮ң˯һᡣ
ŹǷĽıڤҹűڻУ΢΢ü˼¡
ҩζ
ް˰˯ǡ
ڤҹŵǽĵУôİŮˡ
бһƣİˣڤҹ۶ۡ
ðɣһʱ֮һҪҡ
á
ڤҹĻ˯˹ȥ˭Ҳ߶Ŷˣֱ˵ӰʧУŽĿǵתŴӷ߳㡣
ˡ
ʦ˵һʱѹʱ׾û¶ˡ
ĶڴڴܹһЩѹҲܲʹĥ
һʱż˵ÿһ̶ļ尾
ڣһʱʱȻ֮ʱһ΢ĿŶ룬ѹףеˮˢһ
ף
ˣ
ף
ʱŷĺѩȻɱȵĴǰɫҪܶ࣬ϵڳÿһˡ
ڴߣιŷ˸ոհƺõҩ֭ϵЦֹס¶
ס
ˣá
ĺѩָ֣Ůգ۶۰ı顣
֪Լ̶̵ļ֮жԼɷŮ˸ֵָ飬ǣƶڷƲԼֱʶǲ塣

ڣء
ץסĺѩ֣Ȼżһ֮ɻ̲סĺ۾Ἰˡ
Ⱥúõȿ֮ҴȥһʦûλĻżҾˡ
š
Ӱ쵽ϣ㶼ŷˡ
ŷˣ˵ղ䷨飬˯˾һߡ
ȵϵʱ򣬽
ڴϵĽһͷһôŴεĿڤҹ
˵һʱô
Ϊ򿴷˯̫㣬㲻ƻ˵Ρ
ڴߣڤҹЦŽģεʲôû¶Ц
ĺһķԼûΡ
ûεĻô˵һ˵ĻʲôڤҹûкͽǶ֮һСܡ
ҵ˵ɶˣ
Ϊ֤Ҷ˳ɻ֮գȻὫ˵һһʮĸ߷ˡ
ι㻹ѧˣթˣ˵
ĪҪΪΪˡ
ҿΪң˵˵˵ҷźˣ
ʦʦ
֮Խӡ֮ʱһŶ룬һ˲䣬е轵㵱
⣡
ô죡
˭Ⱦ
ᣬ
ſˮסҴһǰĻ棬ԺѾ֪˶Լʦ˵ɱҷʬĻ档
ܱܲŻСӣСôˣ
ǸɶҵϯҲڣҪлʦʦ
࡫
һ仰û˵꣬ſǵĺֻԼǶˡ
ãҺʦһȥ
ϣˣ
޲óʮתŶһĵɷ
ԺںȲɷ˵һȥ
Ѿ㣬΢΢һ㿪
Ѿģ㻹㣬㻹Ҷ㿪ʦƽ㲻ѣôݺң
Լһвɣֽס
ԼסԼĲӡ
ʦ㣬ɶʱݺˣ
Ļ˵һ⣬Ϊ㣬
Ѿģ죬֪ʦʦڷᣬզң㲻֪ղҲ㱻ʦʬô
ڰɣʦȻΪһЩֲ˵顣
ڣǣ֮Լܶö裬ܳͷɣ
һֲܻ֣֮£ֻйߡ

ʦܲõ
ɫ֮£ڴ֣֮Уһ˫˫۾Ƕڶ˵ϣһĽʺҪʬεĸо
ѾǴǰˣĿѾҪˣ

1399 Сܲͷ

1399 Сܲͷ
УԪһֵǣε̾һ
磬ҪҪŪѾģ
˰ɣһΪ㣬Ҳᱩߵġ
Ŀôİ
ĻզأԼѡġ
żҵĳӺͶ֮⣬ļ½½صżңԪѾ棬ϾΪǵһθܵ
ǰСճǣճ
ҪǣȻԡ
߰ɣʱ쵽ˣ׺͵ġ
۽һᣬǧˡ
ۿǴС谮üˣ쳣ĸӡ
ɸŮǵСҲˣ
ʱ򣬲ƷжôķḻˣĳԵǽһ֣ĸڤҹ͸ˣҪһʳ
ǾЩڣΪʲôżҵ⼸綼Լʲôһ⣬ǲ⣡
һٷÿһ˳ԵĶһζ
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ʲô
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ڤҹܲд洢İ֮ҪҲֻʱ⣬ôصĲա
ˣʵ͸λҲԭģһżƽӵڼҲ˷ѣڶǱ֪ˣżڵʵ޷ӡ
ԼĴ㣬ôһԥ˼֮˻غС
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ǵҩǺľ޵ڵż˵ҪȻغкõö࣬Щҩڵмİغֻܿȴʹ÷Ǳڵв
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ŮܲףΪ˾ӵԪȻܻзԸͶȥ
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䳯ԪԪ䣬ҶգԪǣץס䡣
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Ϊɶ
Ϊɶ㿴ǹ澢ҸҴģԺżҾҪк¶ˡ
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Ŷ
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СֺСָڤҹ߽ĻʹлˣڤҹҪ
Ƚ˵ʲôڤҹֱС죬ڰС
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ĿԣСĴ۾ڤҹŵӣһһСʮ˾ô㿴ҿ㣬ǻ桭жôĻˡ
СҲѧˣ֪ԼڤҹĶ֣æתͷĿŽģ۵һ˳
㣬Ҫҡ
̧֣ǼСС㻹Сʲôðĵط¡
˵඼ˣڤҹ쭣ǼСС㻹Сɲܵ˺
ڤҹ
֣ʾڤҹСС
ε̾һڤҹĺ뽫СܲͷӳŸκΣջǽС˽ĵĻС
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ʤСһ߿޻һ͵Цţڤҹ
վһߵ㲻òСһǸʦʦʱһʦ֮⣬Сǵڶڤҹ޲֮ˡ
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ҵСżҵҪĿҪ֪һλʹ֮вƽȻˣ˻ҪǰƵ۹׶Ƴȥμʥ֮ս
ϾҪĻҪʮʥõʥ֮Ȼġ

1400 󡭡ˣ

1400  󡭡ˣ
СĶٶԽһЩá
룬ȻǾ˴żҳսǱȻ巢Ħ
˵ʹҲ˲ٴߣеѾ˾硣
ΣǵĿֻʥѡ
˵μʥ֮սҪĸˡ
ĺڤҹټˣ˵Ҫżѡһĸ˵Ķ飬ʸʥ֮ս
ȥҪżҳսѾСˡ
֣ʾԼԲμһεʥ֮սҪڽһŵĴСˣѾˣһСˡ
˽⣬ΪڳеκһˣĪҪΪá
ҲǵŮİȫżҾһ˵Ļ˶Ȼġ
˵ˣ˸ոûã廹ûлظȻҪߵġ
Ѿˣ˻֮󣬱ѡһǰƳǡ
ղ۹Ƶ۹ʲôĵ۹ֻҪʥʲôطںδٰʥ֮ս
񣬻ѾĽʥȨ֪һμʥ֮ս˷׷״ѩ׳ǰƳǣżҲˡ
ôˣ֮ǰƳǡ
ѾƳˣյϢżҵĳҲҪ
Ѿ˲ĸˣڤҹˣԼżҳŻ
ҹɫ٣ѩ׳ǣѩ
ɴʱԭӦڷȲѩȴ״ԶԶأоһʮֲѰϢ
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ڽļʱ䣬ֻҪͻᳰԷһҲϰ񾭲һԪ
ֱ磬ĺڤҹӽϻһЩճ裬ſڿһЩŮӡ
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Тδż֮ʱ븸ĸ𷣡
˵˲Ǳˣ𾳽żҳӣ
ԭżҵĳӣһΪ
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ðס

ĽƤΪôôףƵġ
ˣΪҲף֪
۾ġ
ô˵Ļڤҹָû˵
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ڤҹĻУ飬ǼƵ۹һЩ顣
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ϼأƵ۹Ŀڻʵżҵĵһ޵ͬһʦŵʦֵܣʦзĵӡ
Ϊ壬ķ顣
ǣΪ˶ĹϵԲŻụֱֻǿ𾳣˹Ŀ࿴ڵսս׳޵иǰ˽ɽ
Ϊ޵йϰҰ׵κϵӵĳ֮УԶԶ뿪˻ʳǣӶŮ˱䷢˱ѩڱѩ׳żҡ

1401 ĶԹ

1401 ĶԹ
˵ˣŵһƵ۹ĿʵֿѣΪһͻԣ
Щ⣬ʲôԭʹĹϵ񻯵˵ز
ΪһŮˡ
߽ģһ֮ߵⲽأΪһŮ˵ԭ
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ѾȢ˷ˣҪ֪żҵһһֻȢһӣҲŷˡ
Ϊ˪ƣ˸ּıµʱļ˲ΪӸ𣬵ǹƥɱƵ۹ǵʱƻʵ۳ȣȰ⣬˪ض
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Ҫ֪Σ˪ִŷ˵ǸλãûгΪ޵ķˡ
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˵ǣԼ޵ҲһһİԸԼİ
˪ʲôȡᣬҲĺԭϺõĻһ壬ΪҪԷֹص³
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һͻ֮ĶԹԹģμʥ֮ս˲뵽ߵУԶżһûֵʮѺãȻҲұʾֻԶԶ˵ߣһǵҪ鷳
нã֪ʱ䣬ŵżҵıԺ
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Сʦܣɱ飬ʦΪء
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Žʧе㣬¼˵ϵ飬˫ֱȭ
ԸԺ÷Ҫˡ
ֳ̧Իúõչʦ㡣

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ΪԼÿϵԪ
ⶼ
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ˡ
ڤҹ󿪣ӲĽѹʹ޷ȼա
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룬ʹЩֶε˳˻廹˭ӡ
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Ȼ˹Ƕ˽һЩӦϸżʱ䷢顣
¹ٲλ֪

1402 ǻ˼

1402 ǻ˼
˵ģ˹Ĳ֪Ϊʲôڻʹ֮Уʥ֮ս飬㿴˳ڴϷ
˹еУûװɵ㶵ļӸУı㽫ָ˵
űԺĻǷŵģѵȼϲĲϣһֻϲʿõȼϣżгֻл壬ʣҲûôĵӣѰʮĻʹѲҵĻþô
ã֪ǰɣǾһһ˵ʡ˵ԩˡ
λˣȻĦԲȱɵ顣
˹ԼͷһĦȻѾĽ׶Σʥ֮սϣǾԲ飬֮˲ܵ顣
˵ڻˣ
Ц⣬ڴԽŨңһӣһһǰݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ʮ֮һ
ɣǲǻ
˫ֶż̬һĵ׺;
˹˺ֽ֣ϵŵժɫˡ
ڻ˵Ǽٻô
λĻȷȷʵʵǻҵЩҪ֮ǣ壬λ¹һЩʱʱ
˹˫ֱȭǻʹûԲ뵽Ѿֹʱ䲻׼һ˶֣ƫƫӻҪɳɱɱˡ
ȻǱµΪҲٿĪ磬ֻԽ飬ӵʥ֮ս
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ǻűԺļǻٵʲôٻı㲻ֻһײˣߣ
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˵Ӱȫȫʧ˵У˹³һ
ȥʥϣǸϽʬ崦һ¡
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վǸĶԱȲϴӡ
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˹Լȫ˵˳ʮϸڤҹղ۹ʲô
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ա
мʥ֮սҪʼǸвס˵Ƴƻĵ̣Ҫֲǡ
ףڤҹʼй䡣
ۡ

һᾪ̾ĳͣһ棬
ղ۹Ƶ۹Ķȫȫַ񣬸ǧ
аӡ
˵óԵǧǧ򣬵ӻǽĵͷá
ȺİӣһӣĽĲҪҪġ
һЩ죬ż̰Իͷġ
᲻ᣬ˭ϣ
˵껰ͱ˽ĵͣˢһӿۻڤҹ

һԵ̨ϣڤҹĴš
۲ˡ
е㡣
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ʹûɢڤҹ˷̯λϣһֻ˶ޱȵĺݣ˵űŷ˼ʹһƬյϣݷա
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ڤҹվڽߣ˫סĵ֣֮ľٶ쳣ܣпŮò˿úĽ
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ڶ˷ŷٯٯʱ򣬲ԶһŮŮŽ»ǸŮĴ硣
ι˵أǼҹȥһ衣
ŮһָǼҹڤҹȥһ衣
ǽĻڤҹûǹŮŷݡ
ιҸ˵ûУǼҹȲǸȰûǹԹԵĸߣǵ㡣
ŮĻһֱڶУ̧ͷ˿ڤҹһ±Լء
ǼҹȲء
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ѽɶʱôˣ˵˶ɬˡ
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ŮһĸԼô˵СһӣʾڤҹǼҹг衣
Ӵȥ⻹ˣ
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Ҳڹߴˣ׵ǰץˡ
Ҫ֪˲Ǳˣǽĺڤҹż峤ҪĴڡ
ֺԣɵ̵
ʱݵһһԶֱĳŽķڽ㿪ûбС
ɳķԴڸ¥¥еŮŻݾֹ͸¶ŵķ۵׵ɫ߰ҲӦǹŮеʲôˡ
ƻ˶ô
е˼ڰʲôıɱ¾Ůķ֮ǿᣬƻ
ˣݣݣ
ŮǶ˳Źȥæкݣһ
ƻĹõͦÿƷǲŻȻˣҾʹ㸸ʽ㡣

1403 絨С

1403 絨С
žһƣĺݺݵشƻ幫ϡ
ǹûüźݻ㱻һƴֱ˹ȥ
ŻȥĹֱŻʹķշȥ
ʲôˣűȥ£Ҫۣ˶ѡ
ʱʱʱ䣬ĺڤҹһγڻʹʱ򣬺ɲɵ˸ոµ˹
λڳǰʱ˹ΪԼ˻þʵˡ
λ壬λôִݹˡ
һĽŵƹ˵ϡ
ΪǸ߸˷ŷݣλɷ˵ˣҪɱҡ
ĸ˹һγڻʹԵɣҪʲôӹвǲŻöء
˹һĵһء
Ʒ֪ģƽʱҸгʲôҲ˴ţǾȻڤҹͷ϶ЩʡĵĻǹǾͲͣһô
ˣǲȥʾУʱڳ˲ǧء
ԱߵĿյأʱ֮˶Χۣ˹ŵĻץһһʾ֪ˡ
λ֪ǳвÿ˾ͻѾȥķ˵Żð顣
Ϻ𣬻Ǹв
ЦţЦǽһð亹
ֱ˹ĽҪ˵Ļû¶
ʵ˹ֱ൱׼ȷ
ɣ˵ǹвҲŵˣҼҵС๫С磬Ǽҹôһ£ôҲҪյʱ䣬βǮô
õСڤҹʱ˹޹ضҪһˡ
˵Ϲģɹ컯Ǭ֮¾۾˵ϹͲô
˹Ҫթǡ
δϢˣ˹ҲֻЭˡ
˷ģ˹ƷǰűԺ㹻Ľһֱһλˡ
Ҫô˵˹ܳΪƵ۹ة࣬ǳɣȻ˹仰ǶҲ׷ʲôˡ
˵ţתߣ뿪ʱҪȰһ£ĳЩ¿һٶĻǾͲ֤ˡ
ǣ˵ǡ
Ŀͽĺڤҹ뿪˹³һһһԾɻԲѵĳ
£ñᡣ
ǣةࡣ
˹ˣЩԼ֮£ʥϣЩǻԼڲ飬Ȩ֣һжҪɱᡣ
֪Ը˹ףǶƺǳкùӳԡ
һߣصűԺѾϵˣԶԶأ
üһһֱʦܣĺչ㣬㾹ȻҴ۸ң
ʦ㣬仰ôõġ
ҲܣҪƴһա
˵䣬໵һ֮£ֲܻ֣ܱ׷ܡ
һԵ飬һ۴Ϸͷе顣
ʲô¶ˣ
СٷƢôͻȻ䱩ס
ˡ
Ŷ˵ͷй֪㷢ŭԭ
׼ȷ˵ҲǷŭǺߡ
һЩʳֻ˵һÿ࣬ըëˡ
˷ģСŮҶ˴ģ˵÷򲻻˺ġ
ȻΪֳ㶼ˣʦҲ˵ʲô
Ͳ֮һȣû뵽һͦ졣
ˡ
ڤҹ׼ȥ֮ʱסڤҹΪϵ̬ѧڤҹеֲ֮
ڤҹ̬Խ˶ԽĻ֮⣬лܲײˡ
˼ѧƵ㡣
ðɣȻô˵ˣΪһЩ
ڤҹΪľǷӵ˾Լĵָͨĵط
ò˵еţ;Ͳ뵽𾳣ħ޵ͨһЩħ޵Ļ֪ʶ֮󣬷֮Իͨʡ
ħޣֻѡһӵħѪ֮ˡ
ӵħѪ
ǺܶڤҹĻվһԵĽָָԼһħڷ˰׷һ˫Ҳ˳ɫ
ͺñңҵħ޳޳ӵħѪ
£ָֻԭӣΧŵħҲɢ
ӵһνӴƵˣ۾档
𲻵òʣи߲εΪֻѡһΪҪ߼˷ǵã֮ẦԼ
ڤҹҲ˵ô໰һӣҲϣŵΪϲħħʱΪһʬ⡣
˼ģĴӽָóһϹźľ޵ڵС
֪ʲôΪӵϹĴټ֮˼ʹ࣬ѬȾħΪħ𡣡
ħ𶼷ŵȣΪ󣬵ΪϹؼʱ̿һս
ǵ͵ţƬ½ţĪҪΪԼĴźá
ǳֳϧģĶ֪Ϊס
ʣµֻܿˣ˲·Ͼ󲻽ֻԼԷ򸾣Լżҡ
лλеɻ󣬸м
Ϲźľ޵ڵŽĺڤҹ˴Լĸм֮顣
ôֳħԳΪǿߣֻʱѡ
£תڤҹһ˫գգ͸ͣߴﹾ˷
Ҫʲô
ԣҪ⣬ٺ٣Ҫ԰Ӱɣӡ
У˻֮ʱѾĸӡ
ϣôĶҲܽаôܣ˼ҾҪ԰ӣҪ԰Ҫ԰ӣ
ˣΪԵɺãǳԶ˰ֻ᲻ˡ
ҪҾҪ԰ӣ
ˡ
Ҫ
˫ֶżһĹװģգڤҹܱˡ
õϹħɶ£ԼСӲˡ
úúãΪȥӣ˺òá
ٺٺãҰ⡣
һ˲䣬ЦռĽڤҹֽ˳ȴǱڤҹ˳ڳǰĳϡ
ֻҪ±ɣʣµΪ
զȻ˵ҳղզأв˻ûģң
Ĳ̧ͷʾԼвˣڳϲһǴ
Ϊ򲻸ұӷˣֻǳľˡ

1404 Ͼʦͽһ

1404 Ͼʦͽһ
ա
ʥ֮սĻмյʱ䣬Ϊǰε飬Ѿͣˣ˵ĶƵߣԼ綼˵λĵС֮ˡ
˵Ƴǵĺر棬ҪҪȥ
ʳ仰ʱ֪ѾΪ˶֡
ģڤҹ谮Ѿ˷ָĵزȻ֪ʱһθܵ˸һεġᣡ
Ϊʲôԭ򣬻ΪżһҵС๫ҼҵʲôʲôģڤҹеῴëȻ
ʦҲϹħ񣬱һСһô
ſˮʵܲڤҹֿʦʱʱ޿̶͸¶İһŨҵ˼ɢϢü˸оԼΪּʹ
Ȼڤҹδ㣬ǣŽĵ֣ǰƳǵĺС
㿴һε̾һ
ǲ÷θô
ðɣһ˳谮Լûɶġ
⻰˵ûǳ赽޷ĵزֻҪĸˣڤҹɱƵ۹ˡ
ʦ˵еССȤζô˵ǸˣѪȵ
һ뿪űԺ˳Ƶ۹ĺС
нƳλãռȽϹ㡣
ͬĹļҺһ볡Ҫ֧һЩ볡ѣƳǵĺȻҲˡ
ôȥ
һ˾Ҫʮöң˱ҪһʮöңĽҿɶһһթġ
գ㽻볡֮ŵ˳Уѡ˶¥һż䣬ӵλá
λÿԸС
Ƴǵĺ뽪ĺҲЩͬ
һģûӵС̷ԼƴıͳһϲĻȻ˳۸߶ļǮǲϲĻЩᱻʦ˳ΪƷһԡ
һ֮ͬʦŮӣһǾɫĴŮ
Ʒղ۹ޡ
˵ţŮʦһ£ԵĴֽϵĺ첼첼ڵϵһ˲䣬еһӾ˵Ŀ⡣
ɫëɫ۾¹ͷϵ¹ȴǿɫʻ
ˣΪ˾ǣͷ¹Ľ··вƶһ㡣
ʲô
ղ۹Դɽϵһ¹һޡ
㿴бѺİ¹¹Ѫʱмֲ̣Ǳ˿ʼмۡ
СŮӣҪ¹ʲô
¥µڲϵĽмۣ㲻ϵļӼۣһδǮҲ٣ߵʱָһЩǮ
Ҫ¹ʲôкθϵûǮˣ˱ǡ
ƱҪ¹һۣԼļ۸
Уݡ
գŮʦеĴö¹һҵļ۸С
¹ͨԣڿԼߵʱƺ³һһ
ˣ
żű죬ְᶯװŰ¹˽
иǮ˷ڿżеŮȻżҵС㣬Ǵߵ˲Ǵ˵еżҴôһ̬ȱ֮ʡ
ԭСŴӹٺУչ˵Ĳܣæˡ
Щһңһɡ
û˷Ա߿Ű¹
¹Ҳ㣬һ
˵¹ȴһ㡣
żҵС֪
˷ĸżǰǮǲںżҺˡ
˼֮˷ʹַ׷ȥ
Ű¹Ӵ򿪣ǰ¹ǲ㣬֮뿪֮յſһߴ
һﵹе˼
һμ¹ô˵ءʹ˵е޻Щġ
Ҳһ۰¹Ц
ͨԤԣȻ˰¹һʲô˼
¹򵥣Ժеæˡ
Ϊɶ
㲻⣬ʦеæʲô˼
ͷ¹õޣǻо磬Ѿ𾳡
ΪʲôᱻץסĲ֪Ű¹ڸл㣬ʵ²ۡ
¹ԭǣгԵкȵģ˸طСһҲǸǮʱͻһҳ԰ɡ
ס¹ô
𰸣ܡ
Ĺţ¹֮ںУŲԲȣˣҲǳ˺еĻʳŻһҿζһԳʡ
¹Ȥ
ﻹղ۹
Ůʦ˵ڶڶŴִĿִʱ򣬲ɵüͷ
ڤҹ㿴ղʱǸִ
ʱղ۹޷ޣ֮£ֻñرеһЩ
Щʲôִûлܸߵļ۸ô䵽Ƶ۹ĺˣ˷ѽ⡣
ʲô
̨µһǲ⣬ִһƷôʲôֵҪ۳ۡ
ⶫǴ½Уʥ֮Ķ
Ůʦ֪ˣе⴮ɫִʥ֮
Ҫ֪ʥ֮һƬ½е˵һգ˽䵱Դɾ˵Ǵ֮˲ĵط
ǸŮʦΪ˼ɾ˵Ľһ㶡
Ƕ˾Ǵʥģô֪ڽɭڵɶʱͳ˼ɾˡ
ҵ죬һֱΪʥ֮Ǵ˵е񻰹£û뵽ȻĴڡ
ɴ۾ĿضǴУڱصá
ң
İң
ң
۸һӴܵң־ңֻûһקס㡣
СӣΪʦҪΪʦ١
ɶ˼
㿴ִ̫˷ܣ˺Ҫһ顣
ΪʦʦǴʥ֮ģô
ĺ˵飬һӣһƷǰ
ʲôִʲôʲôεȵȡ
ЩǲرĶȻ̺һЩվֻһζѣ۸ĳɱҲͼǧƽˡ
ر治бЩƱҪָж١
ҵ졭ʦ渻С
۵ɴ۾˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
ôЩִĽ˾ȡԣ㵣
ʦЩЩ͸ô
͸ˣҪǾõĲİãҾͳˡ
ĲͷĻӻ֣һ仰㾹ȻˣǮĽָ˽ġ
ʦ߰ң
һĽһĴϲڷ䣬ĲҪҪġ
ݡҲ߰ңϾʦͽһ

1405 

1405   
˵ݡ޲飬Ͳסľǿջһýҡ
ò˵ǮǺãǮ˵Ǻǧ
Ȼ֪Լղ۹ȥĶôƵ۹ǵĺУɿһ˸߰ļ۸񣬽Ҳ˵̻
ȵʥ֮ս֮һҹУѲرһЩϾû˻ԼǮࡣ
ŮʦóһŻŻлһ䴫ӣһɫĳīɫĳ۹··Źӡ
ɽڿǷʱһ˲סˣĿһҲĶ
ڤҹҲ˳ŽĵĿ⿴ȥϵ֮ʱü΢΢
ûΪ˧
ȥ˧˺ò
İһڤҹ֮仭е˧ģһ޶ûκܹ⡣
һõģ̺޵һʮأҲǳʥ֮磬ļҡ
Ůʦ˼۸һʱ˿ʼ׷
ʮҡ
Ľгʮҵļ۸Ҳʾֱӽļ۸Ҽҡ
Ҫ㻹һЩ
˶Żڱصã˵׼ʲôأҵĽƱʲôҲ˵׼
ҡ
ֱӽҼҵһŻҲڱصá
ҡ
İҡ
˼Ӽ۶ʮʮҵļңĺȴһһļӼۣ;в˶ѡ˳ô˵һǲֵõġ
˵ʥ֮󣬵˭Ҳұ֤еǲʲôҲҵʥ棬ȥԴ
˵ֻʣ½ĺִ¡
˰ҡ
˰ң
΢΢üͷȫʲҲǾŰٶһЩǽм۵Ļֳ˹ˡ
ΪǷһֵˡ
Űң
㡭ӣ
ҲԥҪҪȾŰҸߵļ۸ԥ֮£ѡƳ
ԾŰҵļ۸ʮֲ˳
ˣΪζִš
ǣ˵е˺ǿվһ
˷һγżʱ򣬽æǰ˷ùǷҽװžŰҵĽָӸ˷
ţ
֪λﻹʲô¶ô
Ǻôõģʲôʱ䣬ʲôص㣿
˷⻭ʲôʱõģʲôطʲôˣ
ʱڤҹЩˣ÷㼤Ҳֻйĸ䡣
ĪǻеǷ˵ĸף
λԵȣһλ˷ԵƬ̣ͽ
ʱһӳżУһĵ̣ᴩȥʮֵһ
ΧҪ֪ڻ
µĿŽģԽԽ졣
㲻һǸŮôȵȣԾһŮǰͷǳҲ̫ˣ
߶߶ţɻĿŽģŻ˵˵շĺͽİݶ˳Ƶ۹顣
֮ǰѣһһŮƵ۹Ůӽһ˵ǲ͸еĻҵʥǰԴɾ
ңŮ˵⻭лܣǮҲֻҪʮұɡ
ǣ׷Ůӱ㽫˺У˵ϵ˷·һ쳣أۺеĴô޷⿪е
ɴ࣬һ޷͸Ļ֣Ӵ˽յһĻ
ǰ
Ҳ˵׺͵ҲƵ۹ˣ
ȻˣҪμһʥ֮ս׺͵֪ԼҲƵ۹
֪˵Ϣޱ˷ܵĽҲģ׻֪ˣ֤ƽ¡
еλ˷Ƿ׷ȥΧҪʲô֮
ǶأҲʮֱ棬ǳ˭֣֮
ͷȴһԹЦЦԽԽ
ʦզˣ
û¶
׻˵úãһǷµծվҪġ
ⲻŮĴ׻ծ
ʵʲôûУ㻭ģҵ
ĸˣ⻭Ӿĸ׽İݣ֮׷ġ
һûǮˣ˳ںһڣ㻭һ͸ͼ˳ȥлɵɵ׵Ļ
Ҳ˵⻭ʵʲôûУ
ʲôûУУҲ׵ĶȤζ
֪˶˵ϢȻģû˾ŰңǶ˲СĴ
ȼ֮һҪؾŰңǾ޿Ҫթ˲ŵľ޿
һͨٲĻֻĳŮ˵ĺ죬ǰ˲Сĳ棬˶ſͨʥ֮ɾ˵
СİѻΪ֤ݣȼ׵ʱ֤Լȷȷʵʵ˾ŰһɶöûеĻ
ʦզʦĴء
СĿЦڤҹһ˿˿ЦǱ˻ȥ
ŮʦĶȴûȤҲصűԺ
صűԺѾʱ֮ˣյԺǰ㿴ͣţΪ׵˲Ƶ۹ة˹ô
Ӵǣʲô˴ˣ
ĵȻ֪˹Ŀʲôԭ˾Űҵ飬ڿ˹֮еķһɨˡ
˹˿Ƶ۹ة࣬š
˵Цˣһ¹ǰΪ˶Ӻͳˡ
˹һ仰ȱǸнǰжɾ֮⣬Ǻǳ˪飬ͻ޹أǶԼΪ
ɴ˵壬ΪƵ۹ة࣬бҪʼǸġ
˵ʵĲϲϺ򽻵
˵ĻҪϸһһ仰ҪҪĥе˼
ۣӣ
˿ˣȻˣͺȺȲ裬Ǻúһġ
ã¹پʹˡ
˹˽ĵ룬ֵλýűԺ
һϺõ͸©ŷ㣬ڷڣ֪ʱѩ
ȻԵõĶ豭һڲ衣
˵Ǻò裬ɺȶ˲ҲÿɬȰ׿ˮʵڡ
˵ЦˣЩһϰˣ̹֮ɬҲһָ𡣡
˹лЦЦ΢΢һеĲ豭˲飬ˮҲ˳˵ϡ
ˡ
һԵڤҹǣĵ֣شţǾٶҪôжôᡣ
û¶ѽϹģһ豭ѡ

1406 

1406 
ǱӣǱΨһİˣǻأΪҲ׼κʧ
ÿһÿһ仰͸޵ᣬһ˶Ů˵İ⣬
еʱȫǵ˱档
࡫
ſˮеĲ豭ЦţЦǽһΡ
ôˣ຦ѽ
һĨ糺֮ɫգСŮҵģôˡ
һԿŵε̾һ׷תæԵȥϰֻ档
ôɶ˲ġ
Уĺ˹˵ʲô˲ϵЩֳ
磬ɶʱҸɩӰ
ߵֳ˼һ⡣
ѾˣҵĴɩӦöѹסֵҲΪδĴɩеǰ
һʱ֮˹뿪űԺ
һʱʱ˹˵ֱǼ尾
ĺڤҹ˶вҲ֮ˣŲڱ˸ĥ
ͣ˹ԶԶ뿪űԺ
ԺһһӵĽ˹Ǹ񣬴Ե£ûиҲٶֻ࣬ʧǮƵĽ԰һЩ
ӣһĹȥˣۿžҪʥ֮սĻӡ
ÿʮһεʥ֮սմ˵һεʥ֮սӦżٿ
ǻԸֱɵֶνʥƳǣòǰżڵѩ׳ָϵƳǡ
μʥ֮սܼ򵥣ĸΪһʸʥ֮ս
ÿһ鶼Լıţʥ֮սһ첢Ǳǳǩ
μʥ֮սһˣҪһ˵Ķûʲô汾£
˵׺͵᲻ҲУ
ĸ˵Ը񣬻Ҳֿܡ
ڤҹ˴żҳսټĹ㳡ϣϴǩ鵽˵ǩĺ롣
Ĳǳ鵽˵ǩĺ룬żҵĸĸӭһʹΧ˷׷ɢ
һƵ۹ΪǿĴڣһƿƵ۹ȨһƿƵ۹ĲŭκһûкùӳԣԶԶؿϷ
˵׼̵ְ
ǰļˣϴźɫĳԼʵʵĹС
һɢϢ쳣ѹ֣һ֪ĶǸи֡
Ǹˣ򵥣
ָվڼ˶еǸˣ޷˵ΪѾ𾳵ĸ֡
ո£Ϊ׵ȫŷǿһֻֽؿסڳÿһ˵ĲӣֻҪ΢΢һ촦һ
˫ֶżȤĿˡ
Ϊһʥ֮սȤζڿЩ鳬Ԥϣ˻Ѫء
ڴǵı֣ʱ򣬿ǧñʧ
һɤɳƵ˻ëоһߴֱϻһ
ݻ£תȥŻʧڳϵѹҲɢ³һ
ҲΣ
ħеǿߣѾͻħľ硣
ħǴ񾳽֮ϵľ磬ͻħľ֮󣬱ߺħߡ
˼˼
żҲ˳ȥ˵ǩһĳǩҲĻżһʮ飬Ҫܼ򵥣ΪĵһɵĶʮͿˡ
һҪһ㣬ǽʮֵ⡣
һʥ֮սʼڹ涨֮ڣͬһĶûκιĹԷֱʤ֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ڽʱ棬ʲôֶΣʲôķʽֻҪöԷȨ߸ɴཫԷĨɱֻҪվͿԡ
ӳǩһ̣Ѿʼˡ
ոջصűԺˣ׼иɵĵˡ
󣬽ˡ
ЩˣЩ˷ʱ䣬ʱ仹ȥ˯һˡ
ŹǷȫԵΣմڣĽűԺһȺ˽
ľѾ뵽ħҲ۷壬ٽĺڤҹָ£ܵͬߡ
űԺǰʮȻ˵Ǹ֣Ҳǳصġ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Ѫζʼ
ħ޵˷ɱĻᣬĲ֮󽫳Ϊʬ˴ɾ
ڰ׼ʱɱһҲջ֣ҪϴɱżߵͷҲ֮ɢøɸɾ
Ӱһֱ˯ϣһ׼ȥʱ˹һγűԺǰ
һ˹ûнԺǵ⡣
ô
ް¹վ˵ͺˡ
˹˫Цǽһơ
λ𣬽Ƴǵʥ䣬λǰʹμʢ硣
˹Ļýתͷ˿ڤҹƵ۹ĻʵҪɶ
Ե޹ʵȥʹԷȻթ
㿴춼ˣϳŶΣհҺҼ๫ǵС֮ˣһʲô¶զ

һ仰˵˹ƿԣ˺ð֮Żع
λģֻǼѣλĴҲ֪λˣṩһЩ
Ǻǣ˹˶ǵĻģаɣȻ룬Ҳþܾ
عͷĿһˡ
£ʲô֪ǳ˴ԺŪͺã¶ʦʦﵣš
⻰һ˵ģһҲ˵˹ġ
˹ʲôˣô᲻׽Ļе˼
ģűԺΧѾźȻᱻ˰
ϣ˹ˣǳɣҾͰͽܻ˵İȫȫȨи˹ˣҲ֪ҺҼ๫ȻС¶Ӳء
вࡣв
ĸ˹һ˿һĲƻͱúá
ǣλϳ
ڤҹߡ
ڤҹǣŽĵ֣վſڣŽʧеҲڷֹ
ʵʦʦɶ
Ϊʥɡ
뵽һЩɣҲģʦϹħʦεϹħŮˣǿǿֻл˵ķݶ
ǶǳȥԵ㶫
ʱΣ᲻᲻ȫ
Ͼʥ֮սѾս˭֪л᲻ʲôħаǲҪΪʵ̫ͣǣ˶˾Ͳˡ
ģǲ¶ģʦǰѾźݻˣҰҲвڱء
Ŀ΢΢ɨŵûаʮҲʮϾǳ¶ˣùǻ壬˵ȫˡ

1407 ׳

1407 ׳
Ƶ۹ʹ
Ƶ۹Ƭ·ǰʮǿĹңǾǲʮǿġ
ȻʹҲԳƵ۹İݻ
ǰʹʱ򣬽ûж࿴ϾҲģҲûɶʱͷ羰
Уߵķ羰ɫӳ֮续
żɽ޽ģôġ
ϲĻΪΪ޽һɺá
ڤҹ谮Ŀ쳣ᣬֻҪĵͷһʱһһʮֻĹϡ
ҲŲҪأסһ㶼˵˷Ǯ
ƺ뵽ʲô⣬µĿڤҹ
ʵǮ޽
ΪϹħҪǮҲֻգ֮顣
ڤҹǮôûУһֶûУǮϽıܡ
ǮֻҪϲ˵ˣǽһҲʲô¶
ңΪҪĶڷ˾ΪΨһ
ʶ࣬ס˽ǮǱץˣҷá
ϵ쳣ܰ⣬˹סҴ
ⶼʲôɶԻǲе̫ˣ
һֱǰУٰĹ
˹Ļ˵һεʢǼ磬ȻǼ磬ʲô
֨һĴŻŴ֮иƽľͬɾһ㡣
𵽣
һ񳪣˹ָŶ˲˹֮С
һ˲䣬˵ˢˢˢ˽ĺڤҹ˵ϣǽһĿ
ΪڹϵȻƵ۹Ļʵƺӡ
ǵһμƺӣĺ֮⣬õͦ˳ۣϵ֮λӦһĽɫΪëĺһв֡
Уƺ֮⣬ƻúɡ
λһȻ紫˵һ䡣
˵ЦˣҶ˲Ƿ˶ѡ
Ŀ׵ĺƺӺ˼ڹ֮λϡ
ŵƵ۹ĴīͶƺԼ˪
ӽ빬ʼƺ˪˵߱ʮֵĲƣ޲ý̻һ㣬Ȼʵ
˵λǴղղ۹ķҲţ֪λƵ۹к£
ƺ⣬ĽӼеò˷ڿУȥ֮Ż˵š
ˣҪҪˡ
Ŷ֪λҪʲôˣǿԣ޻ܰʲôæ
һȥƺӺͽĳеûģѾ˵˵⣬˹ܻʱʱĲһ죬ǣ˱𴦡
΢üͷ̾һƺŵԼθڡ
˵Ƕ˿ǿƺӿڸ֪ĸ䣬˭֪ƺ˵ϢǼ١
˵ҪǣһƺӲǡ
빬ʼķƵ۹Ļӹ٣ƺĶԴīġ
֮ǰĶ˽һЩƻ飬īƵ۹̫ӣΪʴϻ۶һƺΨһŵŮĺӡ
ֻϧһ֮Уʺ˷֮£̫īˣԴ֮īԽأΪף̫ӿȥӣټҽΪҽΡ
ŴʹˣһȷʵǧѵһǼѵ֮ˡ
ûнƺӵĻ֮īϡ
ȾƵī΢΢̧ͷһ۽ĵķֵͷȾơ
ôδڵ涾Ҳ𽥵˷ıԵ涾ĻûжõʱԻˡ
⻰˵ã̫ӵº鸣Ȼƽµġ
īĲڻʹһɣ򲻿ڻʵ۱ǰɱ֮ġ
Ϊʲô˵ãΪҽߣ˲˵ʵ飬ˣοĶҿԽ⿪ôӻָˡ
ںĿڳλɨƺӵϡ
˼ҽʦְҵϰߡ
Цǽһ̹Ȼƺղ˵һж֮ԡ
ƺӷеľƱĿⶢŽĺһһӣʾڳ˳īԼڤҹ֮⣬˵Ķ˳
ʣ˼թգĪĻ
ƺһվߵ룬ŭŽģ֪ƺӽһʲôˡ
ʲôɣŲҰӸһһûء
Ĳϲƺֱᡣ
Ҳţ˼ϵǰɱ˶Ӱɡ
£
ƺٴ£ƺݺݵҧò뿪˹
ԭַǷĹֻʣŵƺһֱͷƾƵĴīԼվһԵĳ˹нĺڤҹˡ
ͦóԵġ
ϲԵĻΪһȥҪطȻȥ֮ԡ
簡ޱ޼ʵĳ簡
˷ָĳ谮Ѿ޷ݡ
ڳļ˲ףΪڤҹڽǰûһ˿һϿԣȫǸ޿ħʲôҪ󶼻Ӧ
˲֪ڤҹ룬ڤҹҲÿڽʲô
УֻҪİŮ˵ͷΡ
һڲȥİ죬̧ͷƺӡ
˲˵֮κӣ㽫֪ϢңΡ
죿
ƺӶԽĵĻʾɡ
¼ҶҽīĲ޲ߣľȻҿºֻҪʱκöӵĲ
˵ƺˣ˹Ҳʾɣ
˽̫ӵĲô
ĿǰܹˣӦʱ˶ÿʱ亮һΣ֮ʱȫ׶̹һʹ
˵ԼĲ֢֮ʱͷȾƵīٴ̧ͷĿǲĿŽġ
ң֮ĶһηҪôҪôҾȻ㣬ѡԼѡɡ
ǿѣѡѾˣôѡƺīӶ˵顣
棬ʱκ̫ӵĲ
ȻҪ֪ϢҲȰһ仰
˵䣬Цɢ̧ӿƺӣǷ֮˲鲼һ㺮˪絶һʹƺӵࡣ
Ҵӱ¿е֪Ϣãһʥ֮սұػƵ۹
ɽ޾գڴ
һټ磬ӲĳΪ˽ס
κ̫īΪɣȡƺ֪
ǻʹˡ
뿪֮ʱƺվ棬ԾĿŽġ
Ϊ֪롣
룿
仰ʱЦڤҹߣЦǽһ
Լ֪Լôģô֪⻰˵ᣬλǸԴ׵
һƺǣڤҹתȥ
ֲƺӲжƺ˭Ұѽɽİ׳⡣

1408 զдô

1408 զдô
˵ʱҲ˲⡣
һģͬĽΪʲôôġ
ֻƺԼԸݣĽƵ۹ƺУ֪ҲԶˡ
ҹɫƵ۹ĺڤҹصűԺҲ˳Էˡ
ʦզôͻô
˵ʼҵϯط࣬ǻΪʦʦҪʱܻء
ǳȥԷʱ鷳ô
ĵǵĿˣ˶ûʲô⡣
鷳У˰ƽˡ
Цţ߽뿪űԺ֮顣
Щ˿䵥ųûɱûýʣȳֽЩ鷳ҲǶˡ
ǾͳɣϢȥɣǻýء
ɶȥѲƺΪˣ
һĻҪըëŽǲƺϻ쵰вˡ
ʦģżȻʲô壬Ҫ۸ͷһӦ
һƴģǺľżеĲƲҲϧ˺ʦһû帶صĴۡ
ҽĵͽܣ
仰ͺܸˣϾһʼֻǷͽĽ㵱ͽܣеĸ仯ýϧһʦͽ֡
ң˻ƺΪԼĻСѾͷһ˵ġ
żҺͻĿսĻӰ쵽Ƶ۹
Ҳӵ˵żҺͻôֻڰĥŶԷʵϾһսͿ̿³ǣƵ۹Ĺˡ
˵ȥʹĿģƺΪˣҪȥҽ̫ī
ʦī֪Ȼ˵̫ˣʵжʦİô
㵹ǵʦƺī֮żҵвżҺͻѾô꣬Ҳꡣ
ţֶЩյģҪҽ
ѽͽʱе÷ùʦȥʹ
á
ҹɫƳǣһҹ޻ȵڶľ𴲣ʰһ뽪Ľ
ڽ֮ǰڤҹűԺڤҹȻϡ
ˣһ˽Ϊ򲻷ġ
ڤҹôý׶Լ߶ܵ顣
ʦȻ˵ҵΪ£ɺôҲǸˣôʦһˣ
վһԵ²ۣʦԭ˰
ڤҹһ㣬е鲻˵ҲףΪķʲô黹ء
ģīָҰȫķƺӣۿŵһ׶εҪȥˣҵĻиֳ֡
ĵĵĲûеġ
˭Ҳ֪֮һǸ֣һǲݰڤҹűԺҲġ
գڽĺ˵˵Ĺ£ڤҹŴӦűԺ
ĺʦͽ˳˳ǰʹ֮ǰڤҹвǰ͵˹ǽһͷƻ塣
˹ֻεЦţԱ߳Żʹȥ
ʵɣһо罪˵һīΪƺϲĺû֮һ˭ҲûбϣԼĶܹ
˵죬Ļᱻİȫ
ʱʱ䣬˻ʹֱ̫ڵĶ
ƺ͵˹УӶ˶壬һƬܰľ
Ǽұºܿشô
ȻǱºͻʺΨһӣʺ岻ãҲʺ̫ۣ˭֪
˵˴ʱ˹̾һ뽪ĺ붫
£ˡ
ƺ̧ͷŽĵͷֿڽ㡣
ƲƲ죬ҽҩ䡣
Ǹʦѧϰµġ
ܵƺев㵱Ȼ֪ϼһڷԼΪżҵŮ
·һٶʮıǣֻҪ㲻ΪʦżҲʲôġ
ƺӵһεжʲôֽţ㵱Ȼ
ߣС֮ĶȾ֮
Ҫǵʦóĵط
£ͷҪΪ
ƺվʾī֡
˫ָ̽ѰīϣǽӴָ䶼ܸоǺ֮

֣ߵīߣҲ˫׼̽Ѱī˭֪īȴ㿪
īľٶ죬ǵݺԼ
Уôүǻһ޴֮ˣʲôƵ۹̫ӣЦˡ
ҲôīֻΪѧϰҽǿˡ
īôһ˵ûлظʲôȴϣ
ɷʲô
ʦī֣֮ôզһ֡𶾡
ԣǻ𶾡
δôĶ
Ȼ̽Ѱõһֶ
ǻ˵Ļֻܲīڵĺҽѧʹ˵Ů
˵˵ȥīĺҪȥ
ô
˼Ƭ̣ҽҩóһЩҩݣЩҩеģеȥȵģ಻ͬ
㶼ûЩǴҽҩóĴ
ȥĻ𶾻ѸռʱǴɽҲȲī֮𶾵Ļˡ
£㽫һĴīľѨλϣʼһʱīܵ㣬ʱ˿̣īѾ˴⬡
ȫ̶һԣؿΪīΡ
ס˸֮Ҫȥ
û𶾺ͺ໥ʳ
ڽĵָ£īڵּ¶ʴֱȫк͡
ƵķҲЦ̸ǲʵʵҽÿһ˵ʲһвͬƷ
ӡѨλһ׵飬Ҫһ൱Ĺ̡
īָ俪ʼأֱֱۣ򣬲ӣϵﵽ⣬һʱ䣬ŽϰĶɾ
ôûо˲٣
еĿ⿴īʱڽҲһϰߣ۶Է˭һֻһݣǱǲˡ
УīѾƵ۹ĴӣֻһҪεĲˣ˶ѡ
Щˡ
ɣչ
㽫īϵ붼ӽҩ֭УȴЩīĵط
мյʱ䲻ϴ裬ܳκδ̼ĶúȰ࣬עһĳЩˡ
ָĳЩ˿ɲжԵżңƵ۹Լˡ
Щ˱żҵ˸Ը⿴īָˣʦͽֻǺѣԼ˷Ѷѡ

1409 

1409 
뿪ʹʱѾˣճʹţ㿴ڤҹվɫ֮Ӷ˻ؼҡ
һû벻ҡ
룬Ϊʱ޿̶ŷˡ
ڤҹŽ뻳˵Լ˼
ȻֻһûȴǸоȥǧ֮á
ʦʦ֮ͥܲ㣬е㷴θ
㱾Ͷһ죬ֿʦʦࡣŶЩӦϰֳ棡
ߣΪףСһīȥԺóԵġ
ãҪ԰ի߱Ѽ
С
ʦʦһӡ
û⡣
ʦʦһ̿㡣
ԣǮ
һٷԵǽһݻȻǮĻ
ڳŵʱ㹻ǮҪȻһٷǮ
ǽɶô
һ֣ûüװƾͱʦĨɱˡ
Ҫ֪ǿĸ֣ΪҪߡ
֪ڤҹΪֲ˼㣬û뵽ǣоͺܲײһɱɱ
Ϲħ
ҲΪɱӺһڰЩҲ˷׷ȥڸ
ȻһʱǾڱԺС
յʱ䣬ʥ֮սһ׶αҪˣ˵ʥ֮սıջʤ߲õʥᱻȥĻ
ĻĻô
Ļ
ԣʦ֪Ļ𣿡
ȻĲ֪ΪĻ
ÿʮʥ֮սʤļ˿ԵõʥͬʱǰĻϰ
ĻĻĪĹ
ĻĴڣһصĻɴ˽ĸۡ
˵Ǹۡ˵һǿ޵ĳĻԸõĻ׷߾硣
Ļе˴˵еľ磬ǰĻ
Ƭ½֮ãõû˼ǵʱ䣬ȥĻָ
Ļô
е֪ĻĴڣͬʱҲǺ棬ҪǰĻĿʲôѰߵľô
ܰɣô˲Ӧûˣһʲô֪ԭ
ˣһжǵʥ֮Ҳ١
գƵ۹ʹ
˹ľ͵ȺűԺ⣬ǰʹΪ̫β
һȥģĺ˹Ҳ顣
ò˵˹֮ܳΪƵ۹ة࣬ΪҵĹϵҲԼŬĪĹ
˹ҲϮĵȻҴ壬ɲܴС㱻ֳ۸ֱһλڵĻʵƺӡ
ƺڻҲǸܴ־ͬϣһΪƵ۹ĻʵۣһΪƵ۹ةࡣ
ʵҲ˼ôż޸ϵôżìܣһҰģԼӡ
˹뽪˵ŻżҵĹϵԴƺӳΪʵ֮󣬱һֱŽ⿪һ֮ìܣ½ʣӶõĹƵ۹ڴ·ϵĵλ
òס˹˵Ļ滰Ǽٻһۡ
ڣǳ˻ʹͣ˶
Ļ棬ƺƺڹŽĺīڳеĽ⿪ϵ㽫ϡ
ιزҴɱˡ
߶š
Ļīֻظ֡
УһԸ˵أ͸ƹһ
˳ʱ򣬽ѾϸĽһֱīķʽ˵һжҪִУʲôĵطʱͺá
һīѨλʱīüͷ۵ĺˮϵš
ŵ㣬һͺˡ
Ȼ֪ٴʩĻīܵʮʹûӣֻҧš
īʹģε̾һ
Ҹ㽲ЦСʦܵЦ
ī˵ϷĺЦ飬ɢīעʹ
ЩµʱȻδ棬ȴҲ㼫ǿĸȾЦ
һʱ䣬ī֮ջ˲١
һĻĻеĲ豭
£ʱ·Ѿة˵뷨ǱҪ޸һ뷨Ҫӡ
żұϾļ壬뿪֮żʲôʧض֮ʡ
һ飬ƺдĵĻŽŸīҽε㣬ӶͻһĹϵ
Ŀ˿ڣһԵƺǷеĲ豭һĨЦ
ȻҪˣʵпᣬ̸ףӦ֪һͻ֮ĶԹټôһͶԻ֮ǡ
ƺ˵ʱһīеĹûаֲμӡ
Ÿ·ɡ
Ҳһ棬Ӧòµ޵Ļʺīĸʵżҵˡ

ƺ˵仰ʱ򣬽תͷһĿ
¿Цɡ
֪һ޻嵽īĸôһˡ
ˣӦø
޲δаּٻ֮£Ҳ֪
̾һƺӿ˵Źīĸ顣
пһһԻ֮ǣˡ
ΪżҵСС㣬ҲԵã֮Ƴǰ¡
ʱǻһĻӣܴѹ
εȲпᣬûȨֻķݶЩĨɱ±
ʱ䲢֪ƻĻӡ
滹ǵãһҹɫرһ˫
ÿÿǸҹһжλе
ΪҰ䡣
֮飬азŶһŮమˣ
ǣڶ֮㴰ֽнҿһ죬䷢Լŵ˾ȻƻĻӣƺӰٰ֪Լ޵ˣɻǻȥ
ڴʱʱ̫׼Ͼɱؼʱ̣Ϊһ˫˫׹¡
˴ѲһᲱϣΪ
ԭΪɵȻ˹ŵŮˡ
أ
żҵɽ׷һŮʬİ׹ǣΪ䡣
ƺ˵ĺչżΪǾʬ䣬Ȼһ˻ϡ
ƺӸ֪䣬ıżҵĳޣΪ䣬ҲΪǵĺӡ
ǣƺӻص˻ʹ˹£ڻʹռһϯ֮أΪ˽յƵ۹ʵۺةࡣ
ֻǣڶǰһϣ뿪ˣ׵׵뿪硣
ˣ޻֮ԼΪīҲΪƵ۹

1410 ʥˣ

1410 ʥˣ
ƺӵĻ͸飬Ƕ޵Ļ
㽪ĲƺӵΪˣ񲻻м١
£˵ģƵ۹شﲩҸԴḻżͻ廥ĻƵ۹ܳΪ½ǰĹҡ
˵ЩƺףֺγƻһǰӣͬƵ۹һµĸߵ㡣
ףȱʧѡ
˰ɣӡ
ָָڸīƵ㣬֮ʮǢûΪĳޡ
Щ鲻ֻȥ룬ȥһھϴεıʣǶӴн֣Իĺⲻֹһ㡣
ֱ˵ĸƺӸɵĺ¶ŷϵĹƶ
Ȼ֪Լ˵ЩƺӶûֹҲҪƺǷһ塣
һ¶òһ¶Թŵ֮˭Ҳ²׼ȥƺôġ
ʲôֱ˵ǡ
Ȼб仰ҲѸ˵Ķ˵ˡ
Ķ豭ǳһɤӣʼ˵Żһ֮飬׵ʧڹغƵδ
һʱ䣬ĺƺ˺ܶࡣƺȥܲţҪ˵ĶѾ˵ˡ
ˣһ㡣
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣİһ˫˵ĻҲ֮ء
أȻûɶ¶ҲСӵʦӦ֪Ǽ๫ǸƢõˣͬʱҲСӵʦ
Ц⣬Ũңװ׵ĸƺӣûɶ̫ȱ㣬ǻӡ
ˣͻ᲻ˣˣڤҹͻҵ˵ԴͷȻСʹ롣
ߵƺӵߣͷظƺӶ˵һ仰
ϹħϹħŶ
˵ڤҹҪƵ۹ӰͼʧҪĸ
ȻֻһѰѰˣûʲô̫ǲڤҹɱ¾ģòã
һЩҲв£ֻǺͱ˵һЩʵѡ
һ˲ߵīߡ
ЧȺ
ǣͽʦΨһ״ӣǰ첻ã񲻸ʦˡ
רעΪīƣûĺƺ̸֮
һ춼ڸī룬Чīǲǻ̫ӣҽκ˵ĸоˬǳɾ͸С
߰ɣˣºúÿһ˵ĻǣĵҪһ޸˴֮Ĺϵóǡ
Ȼῼǣıǣ˹ͺСȥ
ǣ£
ŽʧеĽĺ㣬ƺ˫һĨ⸡ֶ
һ޸ϵ٣ϣһ̲
īô
ƺīʲô
Ϊ²һʱֽ׶Ӧս˵ȥ
ī˫ۣ۵ƺһĹâӶ˶Ұļ֮ˣʱơ
Ƭ½ƺƽʵѾӿᷢս
ڴʱһȥĻƵ۹
ʷģȬ֮Ȼż߶߶һ겻ɱʮ꣬ʮ겻ɱʮꡣ
īĻƺЦڴŶӿһ졣
ޣѾȥա
ĺʱڤҹԾǳڻʹǰ
㣬Ѿȼ֮תߣŽĺڤҹĻ棬Ҫܲˡ
ˣôһӡ
ƺһЩ飬ϼһҪ޸һĹϵ
Ŷ
ڤҹüëһƺ˵飬һռΪб㲻ˣ޸Ĺϵ
һʼҲǺһ飬һ룬Ҳƺ˵ĻпԭʼղϼһһʲôҲ֪顣
ƺӣľɵˡ
һıƻʲô飬һ
գҲǽŵκīһ졣
˹Ӷ빬һĵ·֮㲢δī룬֮ҪīڳϣԼץǼλҩݣʼҩ֭
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ŷ˻УߵīߣһŵҩС
ⵤҩҩݵƶɣһŵҩңۡ

նడ
ѵҩȥ֮˵۸˭֪īԵƽķ纮ҩʲôһͲֵô죡
ʵϣĸīµĵҩ治ֵңҲͼٸҶѰѡ
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һŵҩȥʹÿյ㣬شīıϣ

1411 ʦ

1411 ʦ
յޣīĶˡ
˵һûб֤Ƕ֮īΪҲ֮ɢҪҪͷʼ
صűԺѾϵˣһڤҹĲˣֱˮ
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ǺһһӲˣ׷˿Ͱ͵Ķڵϣһһ׷һ̲ˣģôĺˡ
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ס̫ӵ±ôУҺ㲻Ϥɶ¶ô
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̫ӵ룬롣
´˳ı䣬Ϊżҵĳӣ˵ī˽ӴȻ޸ҹϵҲȥЦˡ

1412 þ

1412 þ
һʱ֮˹ī뿪űԺһĿ
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һӺ֮һԾĺХ޴巺˾ˡ

1413 

1413 
֮£ֻ׵ĺһԾ˼ûкһ
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1414 ү

1414 ү
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ʱСľűƿ߳һߡ
ڿĵ˵ʱҲһ㶡
Ҫɶ
߽䱸ĿŽĺڤҹһӳߵɨ㻤ǰ
Ҹǣ׼͵ϷĲˣϷֵĲˡ
ֻǱѶѣû͵֮⡣
Ľ֮ƬСԭ򣬲Ϊ͵ˣֻǶֺѡ
ŽĽ͵ԭ³һ
ǾͺãϷΪ͵أҪҪȱ衣
Ǿ鷳ˡ
Ȳ˵ƬСʲôط˵ߵΪĸܵߵȳƺԼеĹâΪԼ֮£ԶԼ
һũСԺУ߶Ų豭ǳһǱôˬˡ
Ŷԭǲμʥ֮ս߰
˼˵ݣҲ֪Լݡ
ϷһɢޣⲻһЩʺֲôϷҲûİãϲԡ
߳ԼһңڵɢʿΪѰһֲˡ
һϿģ˵ֺɫֻþеУⲻǧŪһЩһЩˣ͵ջˡ
û뵽˽ĵˣΪ͵˵ء
ϷǺ棬ڷ⴦СأһرԵ֣ɶҲ˵ˣһϷգԵ֣
߸˰˷䣬СҲصԼķĵ˯˹ȥ˿½һ˻ʲô顣
ȻľҲȥ͵ˡ
գȵһ˿Ŵأ¶һߣλڰеСȴˣ䲻ȣЩۡ
һ糿㿪ʼٲˣһԺӵĲˣЦĺϲ£졣
ĶߵߣǲΪѰˡ
үӣΪ˳һʵĲֵô
⻰ô˵ϲֵõȥˣƫƫֵõġ
үպıƺΪүӡ
үӴγһʵܲ˲ݸ˽ġ
һζΡ
Ҳ˼ʲôСܲҧһڡ
˵ζѰܲζʵͬ
ڤҹڤҹܲӣүҸ˵ҼС๫һ
ôãһЩС๫һӲˡ
ǺүӺͽһһСŲڵڲˣʲôܲͳͳŹ
һˣЦڤҹ
˼ô
ãʲôΪʲô
ڤҹ֣Ķǰɢĳ˳Ǿٶжôˡ
վһԵĺүҲѧŽĵģ¶ȱ˼ݵЦһ˼Ҳô
˼Ҳô
ڤҹɫͳ
ڤҹһԵҲЩ˳
үӣ˰
һʱʱ䣬ڤҹŷ
ķһ飬ڤҹһһ˳˭Ҳ׼ȥ

Χȹզô˧أԽԽ˧
ѽСѾͷϹħΪ˵ز̽Ϸɶؾ𣿡
үһ۾ͿڤҹϹħ񡣡
֪үӲ򵥣û뵽׵Ŀڤҹʵݡ
ѽɶǻͷһЩ֪ҲһЩҪϷûϴĻǽİɡ
ٴүӣ
ںү֪ǵ֣Ĳʾܾȡ
ү֪ǵˣܲҲҴŲԼˡ
СѾͷ˵ϷһһɢޣЩʲôɶĶϱߣһŵģⲻһЩԵģô
үӽԼʵ棬ûɶģȷȷʵʵǸ˿ŵĶѣһҲԼŸ٣Ծ׼һЩóԵĲԼ

1415 Ϸְҵ

1415 Ϸְҵ
ôϷǸŵô
ү˵ЦˣҾǾúүΪһѰ֮
ĿĺүӹЦһЦȱ˵ֱ©硣
ϷǻͷһЩǰʱ˿е֪ڵ飬ⲻǣҲˣ֪ǵݣϷҲûôͨ
үȻô˵ʼվ߲򵥣ˣ˵Ҳǿ
㣬㣡
ڤҹڳгˣ˳ųƮɢԺУĺүֱˮ
ǿųĳ嶯ڵȵ˲ȫ롣
һӵζȣõĶԭʼԼֲˣȻûʲôɽ亣ζһ׷ֱ޵ˡ
ԹԵĽ˷ǰһӲ˺׷һԿԡ
úóԣʦǷǮˡ
ްʦѾ˳⳥׼
Էʱ˵ʳ޲
˶ڵϣһһ׷Եǽһ㡣
үգգ۾̫˽Щ˵ĳԷأզһ߶أ
ϳԷĺүӱһĿעţҲվҲǡ
࡫
үſˮڤҹĿⶢűɭɭ
Ǻĵ֪үӣҪԷǮѣʦĲֻʦһ˿ԳԣҪôǮҪô
ǮϷҲûа
ǽһ죬ҪȻҲǧԼֲ˳ԣ·ˡ
ȵȣ
ƺʲôһүӻصԼķ䣬һγʱжһӡ
㣬ⶫǸֵǮ⣬ֻһԣһ
үŵǻغУżһ롣
ߵʱҲ֪ģغһԵģֻһ벻֪䣬үеĺǻغеһ롣
ڤҹô˵ЩҲǺүֵġ
˵˵ڤҹ׼үҲغ˹Ϊ
⺢ӣֻ˺Ǯһ㶼ɰ
ֹ²ڤҹүڤҹڣһƨϣӿʼŲ׷
ҵ찡Ҳ̫óˣǧˣϷûԹôóԵĶ
үӺ϶ǷԵǽһˬڤҹŽüɺүƵĿڲϣͰȥˡ
һٷһӵĲȫ͹үӾǼûԹһڤҹĳա
ϹħĳձϷҪöࡣ
ڤҹûẫүӣһڽǰ
˿ˣ˯ʱȵȥȥ
ţ㰡
Ķ룬Ҹ
ɶأϷҲһ¡
үӱ֣ڤҹǱлҪĿ⣬ŵһջ֡
ֽסʳա˼ȥܻ˷䣬ʱжһ̡
žһүʮĽϡ
޷̣ⶫϹŵѰأһ㹻˰ɡ
޷̣
ڤҹĿϵ޷ϣıħս֮У޷ûĽ赲˲ħ
޷̾ȻǰߵС
룬ⶫϷģ˵һġ
Լʢ
ڤҹĻ£ү˲ɰԱߣһſˮһ߸Լʢ
ڤҹ޷ʲô
Ϲħս޷̵ʮĨɱħ˵޷̻ѰҵأڷĪô
ôô
޷̷пȥһͨİҲûʲôڤҹ˵ôô
ĺڤҹ˵޷̣һߣڤҹע⣬үӽһ˸ɾ
ԱĺүӳһǱҪôжô⡣
Ϸ֪жûгԵôˡ
ĹĶӣүӴ˸
СѾͷϷǴȥĻ
㣬ү֪Ļô
źүӣȻôãҲӦ֪Ļˡ
үӵ˵ͷǲ
Ȼ֪ˣĻȺϹŰ̲˼벻֪ͨᱻ̭ġ
ȻүӺĻ˺ϤһĻĹߡ
Ϸ˵ĻȺ˵ûһ⣬һ֪ΪԼ룬˽˵Ϊ˴·ǿߣ͸ҺȺԼ
ү൱ĻˣҲ͸¶
ˣүӦ֪ͺڰɡ
ͺڰǴǸĴ˵ʥ֮󣬿һǿӦòǳƵ۹ղ۹Ĺҡ
֪һЩͺڰĻڣĻһЩҲĻԲŻĻ
үӸ˵ŹڹڰԼߵʦ飬ǴĻ߳ǿߣû֪ںδֻ֪Ƭ½ڵʱĻѾˡ
Ƭ½ϳһΣ󲿷ֵˣͺڰԴҲȥ˱磬ΪһĴ֮
Ļʲô
ǳ֮أһ߾ĵط
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һĻЩڶǶɱأ
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ڤҹ˫ӵŽ뻳
ĻʲôΪ򲻹ܣǸ˺ˣΪĻΪʷ
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үҲЦһŷŵĳء
ֱǸڣ浽һ죬ĻҲǶûӡ
үӻлδ˷Ӧ
ҲˣҲˣϷҲǸûȥˣΪ͸ǡ
£үӴһӣһյľڼǰ
ǰĻǵøϷռòˡ
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үĻŵô
˭Ҳ֪үʲô˼򵥵ʰһ£˽ڽһþ
ʧ֮ʱԭȥĺүۻСԺͬʱСԺĻһˣʧõľ
ϣҶˣҲˣǷҵǲǸûˡ

1416 Ұ

1416 Ұ
˫ֶżһ˫ϸӿźүӣȴһı飬޹
⺢ӣϷǷʲô
үӵı൱⣬ǾֽںүУĻΪǰ˵Ķ滰
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣˣĺүӷǵû֮Цĸ⡣
үӣĺڤҹҲˣȻүûпǾĻУż˻ûԶҸɴ鶼Ǻˣʡˡ
𰡣⺢զôء
Ҫߣȥҽ˵һУүһץס˾
үǧĽˣΪǣҿ
ͣүһʺͲ⣬ƺǲ
һ;飬Ϸļǲˡ
ŶҲƺүˡ
ƾߣδһٴαүץס
ҵҵˣ㣬Сӡ
үӰ˾һۣϹʮһأǸ˭ѧġ
ûһӣ˽ָ֮УЩڴע⡣
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үӣϾĻˣѵͲЩô
žʻүЦ
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ģڤҹ˿ɲҪϷʧǡ
һߣѾľþĽ˲֪СϾĳ֣Լ뺫ү֮ĶԻ
ʱһƬïܵԭʼɭ֮С
ոճľþ㱻ȺӵĶΧ֮࣬ȫ顣
£
ʲô£ſſĳӣЩӾۼһѣǿ˳ˡ
ǰ·նɱ˳ǰ߳ϣΪˣŻĻǶ쳣ʵܲˣŴһԵȫ³
Ż첻µز£վȻЩӸĵˣŻ
Щô
Ȼ֪Լӵ㣬ԣСʱһóŻùԹԾͷҰ԰顣
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Ϊ˷ֹ߳ϣӪصΧҩۡ
ɼˣ㻹СĽĶܣ»ᴫʲôһ
ľþûʲôΣգֻҪСӦһЩʳͶɡ
ľþܴ󣬶еֲɢһж壬˵񾭣Ӷýľþɭֵʧ˷ʧȥжϣ֮УճΪɭеһ߰׹ǡ

ڴʱһ˺ѷεĲҽʣɢ
ѰķȥԼԼĿԿɽȶʳܶӰʮ˶޷ۿɼٶȱʳѪҺΪһɿݵʬ塣
ǴɽҲˡ
òң
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ʳһȱ㣬»𡣡
һѽʳ˱һ˰˽󻼣ȼʳٵĻ𲢷һϵ𣬶Ļ棬ʳ٣ֻԶԶСıܿʳ١
Ա߿Ŷ淢飬ȥæʳҲǵ˵Ļᡣ
ЩʳѪĸʬٴαʳٵҶӾȵҶſʱǻʲôʬֻʣһɭɭİ׹ǡ
Уغƴһ
غƴһʱһصڶߣغײӡ䡣
ˣеڶĲӡڱŻغУطӡһһĴ򿪣ǿغеĻıҲһ
ڤҹ˵ɶ
ʲôΪ򲻹ϵΪֻķӦϢˣջҪ𡣡
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ڤҹڴߣĿѾ˯˵ĽģǰͷĶͷ
ˡ
УڤУԴͻƴ񾳽֮Ѿõ¼ڤˡ
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ڴʱɫĹâǰıâʹ˫ۣâеŮŽָ֣Ϸ
ĵĿŮָŵķȥȻ䣬˺һƬԨ֮УΧиָѤʵǳ
Ĳ֪ǳĻǷʣĻδġ
ָ֣ǷŹâ壬ָоϤڤзŵɫһ㡣
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ĲҲ벻ͨĪĸо泩ǵʶһͨ͸ࡣ
һΣһȵʱѾǵڶˡ
ŵϰڷŵĻѣ΢΢üͷ
ʲô
Ѱ
ӦŽĵ⡣
֪ǻѣĪҪЩȼʳ٣
˯磬ҹɽȵıԵһֿȼյʯͷʯͷȼյʱɫĻ棬ʳʮ־ֻ档
ȻѾˣȷϹʳپ·ʯͷĻ档
ǰʳɭֵǸ󲻵ܶԸʳٵĶڲԶҲǹԩġ
ʦ
װʯͷĻѽ˽ģ׼ʳɭ֡
ճ˵˵ΪѡշдƬʳɭѵķҲôˡ
ǣʳɭֵϷһ㶾ֻҪƤմȾ֣ж񾭣ǿҲ˵ʱֻ׸ķݣʱǽ첻Ӧеصز顣
ʳɭ֣зֱŻѣȻ˵ģȼʯͷɫʳη塣
ԽһƬʳ֣ǰ·ల£˳֮ͻȻڶȫ֮Уٶ³ͽۼֿץס㡣
ץסˣ
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û¶ˣû¶ˣ
ļ
ұ㣬Żѣ
ѻѽ㣬䱳ڶм䡣
òŻعҧ촽ſıϱŬĲԼ޳

1417 ̫

1417 ̫
û¶ˣ£
ǲرûãֻ鷳
ſıϣС˵Լֻʦʦ鷳ǲ뿪þ
˭˵ģСӶҽƯֺãʦʦԼһɴֵʦܡ
ۡ
һ仰Ц˵̧֣۽ǵˮ
۸ΣվҪȢӵģʱӳԴô졣
ŶѰˣϲŮȴƢãԲ˵ǮִţˣСʶżҵСתһ˵ëһѣʦܻϲء
ߣ˭֪˵Ǽ٣ҴСת㣬˵ǷöǮһӶ壬ϲŮӣֽŴι
ۣżСôô
ô˲ɣ
ߣ֮һһ˵ţǰĽε̾һͣ½ŲתŨĶˡ
λڣжôôİĻܲܵȵȫ֮ڱףΪʦе¡
ʵܲˣ̫ˣס
˵ǣǶ㽫ιʳ١
ڤҹ˳ƱڻУг谮ĺܡ
˲Ҫǣ糿ûʲôȵϢĵطΪϲԵС⽿ɺá
ѽԵ̫嵭ˣҪС硣
û⣬ϲʲôΪʲôϵҲժ
˱˵˵ţĺڤҹ˵˶ļ
飬Ĳʦʦ֮һ
ǰ棬ĺڤҹ˵żҳ٣м䣬ٯٯΨеһˡ
˵һžӱڵסˣ֮Ľ֮ȴ޷Ƶıŷš

ˣ
Եⶫǿ󣬵ԼİŮӣһҪʱܵͳͳ
һʱһ뿪ʳ֣ʳֵľͷӽٴγ֣˴粽һþþ
ˮþþþľþþҪ򵥵Ķ࣬ȥϻǵ¶ǽ쳣ҫۡ
͸о˱ײһûκγڵͭڣ֪ںδ֪صںδ
þĽǶߵĻûǮ
յƲʣŵˮŵĵ棬һɫĶǽӣ
뽪һڽþĻбĶ飬ʮڽþʱ򣬵һǻ๥
Ϊ˱⽦һѪǣڤҹֶԶԶġ
Ƭ̣ʮֻ֧ʣ֧飬ΪֵǣЩ˱һһİס³ճΪ˽þһ֡
ҪҪô棿þķҲ̫ܵˣ˻һĹײġ
ʱܿЦҲֻнˡ
þǺܴ󣬶ϱһʱʱ㵽˾ͷߵδնصԭʼ㣬ûгûоͷ
㣬Խþʲô
˵Ǹоѹ֣ûκΣգƫƫַΧ
Ҳ˵ôһ¶һо˵һڽþȥȻ˽

ĶڵϣڽɫĵϻһԲΣָеһ㡣
ǣԲǽþôߣͽ͡
˵ҪľǱ˭֪ᷢʲô顣
һʱȥˡ
ʱȥˡ
ʱȥˡ
ۿžԽԽڽþҲԽԽ࣬סҲԽĶ
һ࣬⣬һԲȭӣ˵˻ᱻӰסɫУŵޱ޼ʵĽɫ־еֱ
ʮŸ
Ƴһ۲ԶĨӵߣѾǼʮŸˡ
ʦ㲻żô
ŽģΪʲô˶żҧ֮ʦȴǸġ
ʲôżģμþ󶼻⣬ǲȥҲȥ£žУ齫
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ܲˣҪ뿪ֹط
һʹĲҽ˶Уֻһ۷徳еĳ棬ֵǣӦý֮еĽȴ׹Ľ׼ݵĲ˵
һĻüͷյĴӽָóһ飬еݡ
ԭˡ
һ֮⣬˽þôһ¶ˡ
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þһֹϵ󷨣ҵЩ棬󷨵ô̫ɱӶþеһþ
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ʦ˵һѣһֶû
㲻ףҪϸĽҲ൱ĳ˵ֱ׵Ļ֪󷨵ľڡ
˵һ仰ʼգʼմնʼ󷨵̫֮˾ɱ󣬴˽þ
һ˵ǴӽþʼѾ֮нѭϼ£¼ϣңҼ
һ̫
þǻ磬ʱռ磬˵ĳǴ棬ȴ˱˵
̫βɱֻǽþĨɱ־ᶨߵ󷨡
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĺڤҹ˱˴һۣѾ뿪þķˡ
ߣǴľͻȥ
Ľ齫˽ָУ˻صֽþĵط
ʦҲûгڰ
ȡ
ֻ˵һ֣Լжϡ
һʱʱ䣬ʱʱ䣬һʱ䡣
ۿžʮ޻ʣ²һˣڣһâըѿӽ˵
߰ɡ
תڤҹǣŽĵֿ˽磬ȳƵ۹Ĺ㳡ϣɲǼ䣬һ˸߹һˡ
żҵˣżҵˣҾ˵ô
ѹˣżҵ˵һ߳þ˭˵żûˣ׬ˣ
һһĻи˵ȻҲзġ
ôżҵˣյ˿ɿϢżǰʱ䷢˱ʣֶĨɱĲˣôܣ
οˣôѹˣɨˣ
㣬ҪǸѹ˻壬ôôǮ
ԼԸעʲôϵңСȭۣ
ι㻹붯ֲɣô
˵䣬Ⱥе˶֣ҲΪǮвˬģ˴ݱȺŹ

1418 ˾ˣô

1418  ˾ˣô
ڶþһȳҰ֮УΪڶ֮ĵһ
ڵڶ˭Ĳģʱ仹صűԺúõ˯һ
þʱ䣬ֱĥԲ˯ãһҪܼ˵Ļ
صűԺ֮󣬼ϴ֮󣬽ı㵽˴˯˹ȥ֮ʱѾǵڶˡ
˯˵ĸо
ԺУڳϣ˶ŵƵ۹̫ī
̫ӹٺᣬʧԶӭ
˵ƻҪһ޸ϵϾԹ꣬˵Ҫ޸޸Ǽ򵥵顣
ˣ֪λӮþĵһרףصġ
˵̫ӵ£ôҲƵ۹̫ӣû¶űԺÿĻΪ㿴òֳˡ
һ仰˵һšСǵӷˣԼ׸綼ɵ٩ˡ
С˵ЦˣűԺΪ֣Ϊ
Ϊң
ָָԼƺīе˼ΪΡ
治֪ôȻǲܵġ
ϾżҵС㣬Щ߰ı¶˵ȥ룬ЩֻҪ΢һӾ
ټ֮ī֮Լ̬ȣɣԼΪ޸ϵͻƿڣǸżҲײŮҸԼ档
̫ӵ⻰˵˲ˣҺ̫ӵֲϤ˵ʶҲֻյʱ䣬ʱ̫ӵǲˣҽʦҽʦƲ֮е顣
Ѿѻ˵ĺˣīǸˣֻҪװͿȻ֪Ѷˡ
īЦţŵЦȵǴ绹ҪůֻǣһĨЦ֮µζȴü
˵СʶֻյĹ⾰ڱԺȴ֮á
īҲ׵ĸ㣬⡣
ʱߵ˵温ǰĶͷ
Сӣ̫ӵƺҪʦܵŮˣôأ
˵Щ񣬻عһ˲䣬һ˫ֱ۽סĲӡ
Ѿģ˵˶ٴˣǰңҲẦߵģ
ʦʦһû˵ĵط㡣
㻹˵˵ҽҪһƤҾͲʦ㣡
㼸ʧīǰһʯϣֻʣīˡ
£һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһƵīǰ
̫ӵҲˣͶϣ̫ӵ޷УżҲŮҸΪ潻˵̫ӵ޸ĹϵҪóźá
˵żͻ֮ĶԹԹһй׻ǻ顣
˪Ϊܺһʹ˸˷ָıֶΣ޵ķˣҲƵǰˡ
ֳޣż˹ѪģֱҲ
˵Ǿ仰īģҪ߽ݾżҲײ
īû˵֮ٴδ
̫ӵҲӦ֪ڹң˵һͻ֮ǧĳδ⣬ϾżƵһµƵ۹żҲĿƵ۹Ϊ֮µĿܡ
Ȼ仰Ҳͷˡ
أһĨЦ⸡īϣһ³ָֻƽ̸Цģ
ʼڴ߹ۿ߶̸ĽҰҰ졣
īСڡ
ĸҶԣīԲǸǵ
Թŵ֮֮
ڤҹӱӵŽ뻳ڽĵĳϣ֮۶ᡣ
ҲǣӺöСӡ
׼˷ų극ȵϵʱΪΪСӳԡ
ڤҹ˼Ҹղžͳһ㣬ĶˣӻߴĽء
Ŷô
ڤҹڽĵĸģرһӶе̥һ
Ȼˡ
֪ңһݾͿһ棬ǲǻ
԰
ʦʦӣĪʦʦС
ʦ㼸ˣͽô֪
Ż˶ãɫһӺ
ΪʦûлУˣĶӽУ
Ŷô
ʾɣʦı鵹û׼Լʬӣ֮ܵ⣬ʦ׻ûУ
ˣȲˣ
ʦ㡣
ң
Ƭ½ǰ⼸֮⣬˭ʶԼ
ǺűԺĴǰĿվǰˣȫںɫĳ֮С
ʣô
Ȼ
˻عʱ򣬽˲ɴ˫ۣǱ龪ϲ֡
С˾ˣô˾ˣ
˲ǱˣǷǧԡ
˵ģû뵽ԼǾ˾˷ǧԡ
ֱ֮󣬾˾˱ȥ֮֮ûз־˾˵Ӱ˵˾Ѿ뿪ˡ
û뵽û뵽Ȼʥ֮Ƶ۹˾ˡ
ļǰס˷ǧԡ
˾ˣ˾ˣ
СѾͷż겻Ϊͻͽ
ǧԲȽĵΪϾǽǸ˵ĺӡ
硣
űԺڣŷǧڷУһ֮顣
˾ˣȥ֮󶼷ʲôҵҪҵĶôм׺͵ô
һʳ˺ö⣬֪˾ȥ֮ҵҪҵĶҪôƵ۹֮ûмס
˾ҵˣҲӦüˡ
Խһһ⣬ǧĵĻشš
ǸҲƬ½ô
ǧʼղԸнİΪ򣬱ϾΪİݣҲᾭǰ㱯ҵ顣
ֱڣǧԻԹŽİݡ
ţ׺͵ģ֮ǰƵ۹ʥҲӦѰʮʥ·ϣҪĻ˾ˣôƬ½ģ
ֻоʥ⣬ķǳ֪˾ôģĪҲǴʥ
ǧ뽪˵֮ԻƬ½Ƶ۹űԺǰľ
֮֮ʱ䴥Ļأȵ˫۵ʱ򣬱Ѿ޼۹
޼۹ղ۹ĵִղ۹޼۹ʱ򣬷ǧԱ뵽һǺǰղչѰŮ
˭֪СѾͷͲղ۹ղ۹һЩ飬ŸеƵ۹ҵġ
ٺ٣ҵȻ޼۹Ůǲر
Ȼû˱ĸˡ
Ĳ֪Ϊ޼۹ģȻⶼֵһᣬϾǧԵŮȻǧ㲻Ҳõġ

1419 С

1419 С
û뵽˾˻Ƶ۹Լǰ
һʱ䣬ŷǧ˵Ļ
ģ˾ЩҪڤҹ˵
ڣеĻ⻹תڤҹӽĺͷǧ˵ĵһֿʼڤҹڽߡ
ǧȻǿڤҹĵĳ谮ЩΪҪڤҹ˵ġ
˾ˣǲɡ
˷ģ˾ǳΪˡ
ڤҹ仰³һ뿪˷䣬ռڤҹ;˾ˡ
ԺУĺŲ裬ȴרĵԡ߷˵ĶԻַΧˣκ
ʦʦʦľ˾˭
Ŷ֮˭ʤ˭һϹħ񣬿ʦľ˾˿ȥͲһǵ
û˵˵ڤҹԼ֤飬龿ôչҲ벻
Լʱʱ䣬պϵűһ˫ƿǧԴǸֳЦ⣬³һ
˾ˡ
ģ˾ֻǺڤҹһЩ顣
ʱʱ䣬ʲôֻ֪ģǧʮֽڤҹΪԼֶŮ
ģ˾ȥһЩ飬һʱ֮
ãҵȾ˾˳Է
Ĳ֪ǧҪȥʲôǾ˾˵ĻȻ֪
ڤҹ˳æǰ
Ҿ˾ɶˣһһʮĸҡ
еҪ֪֮䵽ʲô飬ΪʲôҪý֪
˷ģΪ;˾ĵͶΪѾħ֮˾ҲûбҪΪɱ֡
ȻڤҹҲὫ̸ݸ߽ģĳŮ˸е档
һʱ֮󣬷ǧԻصűԺȥʱһϮ»֮ʱմȾѪ
˾զˣĸ˶㣿
Ǻ֮ϵѪҺһˡ
ǧϵĳʾԼûˣЩѪħѪҺ
ģ˾˸ղųȥִ˸նɱȺеħѡ
˵ʱ򣬷ǧԵĿ⿴ڤҹһӣһŷźɫâʯͷڤҹ
֪ʲô
ڤҹɢźʯͷü΢΢
ⶫó
ǣóϵĶƫƫˡ
ʲôôأ
ԽĲ֮¶ǶԻȫף
ˣ㿴
ڤҹ֣кɫʯͷһ㣬һһŹâ
һʯͷѡ
һɫʯͷʲôĵطô
Ļǲ⣬˺«ʲôҩ
֪ʯͷУһʯͷѽ١
ڤҹ˵źɫʯͷ
ֺɫʯͷƵ۹ղ۹Ƭ½ڵǧСûС
֮Ե֪ɫʯͷѽٵǰףΪڰļ䡣
ڰ͹ʥ֮󣬸׼ȷ˵ĻС
ںڰļƬڣһֺɫʯͷǲת
һǲ˾Ǵʯͷ
ħ档
ǧƵ۹Ŀһҽģڶնɱˡ
ˣղĿຣ֮֮У
ÿһħ涼źɫʯͷøԻԷȵʱʡȥαװɱ¾Ǹʱ綼ֻ֮С
ȵȡ˵һеɡ
ǽĲףҲ
Ƕ֪˵мλֲĴڣǿҲƬ½ϹͬжԵ
˲ǱôӵĺˮĴÿʱ䶼յ˵ֺల¡
ү˼˵Ѿ켣˸֮У
ƺǧΪү˵ЩŤȥҲƺȽϺʡ
ԣҲ֮ʼ飬˲ʥ֮ǧС磬Ƭ½Ϊ֮ء
⻹Ҫģÿһ˵ħ֮УѾ֪ľ硣
ΨһܶԸ˵ıĻɿĻĨɱˣҲͬʱĨɱˡ
룬ǸʮʥΪ˴ĻֹĳЩ˴Ļ
ǧڵ֪ĺͽİѰʮʥѾ³˽
ˣǿô
ĵĻûܸ˴𰸣ȴҿ϶һ飬Ѿαװħ켣ϻ켣ȺУʱ죬ȷѪꡣ
ң˺ѱ˷ǻĺɫʯͷ޸Ҳǿĵط
ǧɱһߣ˶꣬ɻ˺ΪˣĸԸΪֻ꣬ǧԷŹļˡ
ô˵׺͵֪ˡ
ʱұ룬ǸѰʮĿӦòΪֹڰΪֹѡ
ǰշǧ˵ڰʱĺͽİݲδ֣Ҳ˳ֵɡ
ҹɫ
ڴϷȥ˯ţž˾˵Щ
ͻȻǣˣ׺͵ĿҲˣֱ߽ģ֪УҲ֮ʱһ㸡ˮ档
ɫҲС
Уĳһ峺ĺ֮ϡ
˵Ǻ˵һĺӣˮʮָɾվںϷ·ѡڰУܿӵ׳ɳ
ɾĺˮţһ紵棬гɰûһ

˳źǰߣ̤԰֮ʱһڽĵĶߡ
Ҫˣǰߣӡ
峺͸ɨȥеĸ꣬ĴѰһһСŮͯ뽪ĵߡ
СŮ̧ͯͷվһ˫ںڵĴ۾ŽģǳһĨЦݡ
ҪǰˣǰΣա
˭
ĶЦСŮͯ
СŮͯ˼һᣬҡҡͷƺ֪Լˡ
Ҳ֪ҳʱû֣Ҫȡһְɡ
Ŷôô
СŮЦعıӡ
˫ģ֬ôƯĺӾͽСڣòá
Сڣ㡭ֺ񲻺
СŮЩ̫ϲС֣ɱϾԼò׵֡
ðɺðɣԺҾͽСڣлл֡
Сܸ߽ܲ㣬ʲôط
ֶȤζһЩͦϲǰһμСŮ
ѽӣѾվӵĶ԰ǰ߱˵أ㿴
СָԾӰӣ߽Щˡ
ˣ
ţЩ˶Ѻãţ뿪ˡ

1420 Ů

1420 Ů
˵ʱС̾һ
ǧӵԽһ޷ˡ
һ˲䣬СڵϸֳŨŨı֮⡣
ҪƽСϵǳ˫ֵ˲䣬˵Ǳʲôץסһ㣬ס׹䡣
ˣ
ģ
ʦ
˫۵ʱ򣬿һǵʮֲ⡣
ǡɶ
ˣ
ڴߵڤҹһѱס˽ģһ
һԵķǧˡ
ģǲεʲô
ڤҹ֪ĵ˯ʶڲͬĵط
ҺǵԼȥʲôԣӣ
Ľе˽һ飬ڤҹпӣǰߵʱСסˡ
ӦΪԺ׼
ڤҹԾɽرŽģһֱʧȥһ
á
Ѿʱͣϴ˷׼μʥ֮ս׶εı
˾ˣ㲻һȥô
ˣ˾˾ڱԺСӡ
ǧ֪Ҫȥμʥ֮սһֵıãҲҪƵ۹һʱ䣬СҲûչˣұһСˡ
ٺ٣ʦģоүңͽû¶
һһүĽţŶ̶һʱ䣬үеǽһ硣
ɣСӾͽ˾ˡ
о˾˱СӣҲԷȥˡ
Ƶ۹Ĺ㳡ϣþ֮󣬳ɹһĲ߲һˡ
һ֮пɶǾӢеľӢȻʼЩҲڽ֮С
һܼ򵥣һֵıʤŴڵļڵʥ֮սĵһ
Ȼ֪ʥͱˣ֪ںʥֻҪõǰĻʸѡ
һ˽¥Ϊʮ߲㣬ʲôֻд˷֪
ƺƵİ˲УһڰһƬֻһת̨ףѭ̨׼ڶ㣬ֵǣ̨ô߶߲ͷ
ˣֹƵƵ
е˴̨е˷һ˻ţƿʲôֲĻ档
Щ˶ôˣ
֪
ܽҲһ̨ϲϵţȴûзκβ֮¡
ֱһʱ֮ãһɫĴųٲǰ
ɫľϻŷ䣬źǿƺǷӡһķ䡣
Ϊ׵Ĳƿţɫľƿһ˲䣬һɲ֪ôݵѹХ
ڣ˺ڻǺڡ
ɫľ֮󣬵һľԼغʧӰ١
ǽþһװɡ
üͷעܵĶ
ǲҪСڵΣգҲҪͬеı֮١
ƽôͬʱֻһܻʸ񣬲ȻΪ˵õǰĻʸ伫
Сġ
ԾǺڵѹ֣ڿеѹҲԽŨңĶо˺ѡ
ᡪ
ᡪ
ᡪ
ʱڰһƬĿռһ˻⣬ĹâܣſԼĵط
һΧǱڻ԰ĳǰ·
磿ǻþ
ɲôΨһĽͣǽɫľšӽʼѾһС硣
˵Ҳֻһ·ˣֻȥ
ǿЩڻ
ָűڻϵݣǻϵһӣԼĺһģһ
ӡ
׼ȷָűڻһᴩϱĺֻñЩ䡣
ڱڻУŵһսΪޣ൱֮ѪȣԱĳ
۾
ӵڶʼı۾ȥڻ
Ҳתù죬Ѫȵս˺ڰ׵ɫһѹֺ;ĸоƺյŽ˱
ڲʱѾ˻þڽʱƮʶصʵУŲڷ޷ص顣
ǣڤҹ֣ǰ
Ҳ֪˶ãڵľͷʯס˵ȥ·
ȥϺ˶ʬ壬״ǽһңǱڻյ¾ԲеΪ
Ͻڤҹˣʱ˿̻վʯǰĲʮˡ
Ҳǲİ˳֣ʯžȻԶĴˡ
ûеΣգ֮һƬ˼ɾԴĻ档
ɽҰĻɫʢţůŴأŲݣ΢е
Դˣ˵Ľ䱸֮Ũ
ڹµΣա
ֵĺɫľţľǿķ䣬ԼϵıڻֻΪ˱԰ɾһΪֹʲôΣյĶ롣
ӭλ
ڴʱһһ࣬á
ǰŮӸǽɫ欵Ĺźɫĳȹɫǻ죬Żȼһ㡣
ŮЦţһЦǣ
Ůӳֵһ˲䣬ǣڤҹ֣ʾ˺ˣ淢ʲô飬ǿ˻
ǣ򵥣
˭
ͷеĴӣǰһߵŮߣ´ųǰŮӡ
ҵȻɾˡ
ŮЦһʧǣ󺺵ĻһӾͱˡ
СӣȻɾˣȻ֪ô뿪ķ˵
Ȼɫԣ֪ԼĿġ
Ŵ󺺵ʻŮ΢΢ü̧֣ͿŶޢָظŴ󺺵ա
뿪ķôȻ֪Ҫشһ⣬⣬ſ뿪
˵ʲô⡣
󺺼͵ţŮȴǲŴһȦ¿һ飬˵Цӯӯɸڴʳһ
ôȻ򵥣شңϵǳжٿš
СӣĪҪӣǳôʱȥһһŵ
ЩŭˣСʵˣ
شҪܳͷϣ
ŮָӴ󺺵һ˲䣬һɳȵһ𽫴˰Уֻһգ۵Ĺǰһ뻹ڵ˻˻ҽ
ˣ̳Ʈһ֮ʱŮʳָֻ̽ŮӵĿС
ζǿ⡣
ҡͷŮӺܲһεʳ̧ͷת
ֵˣ㣬ʲô󡣡
Ůӵ㵽ֵſˮ˼Ƭ֮󣬸һ𰸡
Ǯ

˵Ǯ֣һ̼佫ûΪ˻ҽҲŮʳֻصȨĸɸɾ
һĻԵ׼룬ɺŮӸĻᡣ
ȵĻԼٶˡ

1421 

1421 
ŮʹõĻ߾ȫͬ
İ˫޷͸ŮӾǺηʥ
ˡ
վڽߣڤҹһ˫Ӹֳɱ⣬ֻҪŮӶκξٶֻ˳Ϊһֻ
ɶˣ
ĽŮӵϣǴ˵еķô
ǵһμˣǻûεķˣΪȻԼ֮ϡ
Ůӻµ⣬ֻҪشᱻһɣʳꡣ
ۿֻʣ½Ѿˡ
ʱֻǰƺ֮
壡
ŮӺݺݵŭǰӣɵżеķ䡣
ͺɫľϵķһģһߣԭˣ׼
ŷ䣬úŮӿ־ص㣬ۿűҪ
룬һǱ֮մ֮ڳ֣Ӷ뿪
˼Ȼˣ㲻ʾͱǲˡ
ĺڤҹҶǰϵЦݱôļթˡ
ÿ
˵õı׵Ϊ˲ܡ
ʼգĶ˵ʵҲ֪ƻ嵽ǴʲôطЩֵֹˡ
˵һΣÿ
ôǲÿ㻹ܳΡ
˫ֶżеЦŨңŬŬˣǶҪע
ûԺŮӣﵽЧҲһ룬ô˻ᣬŮһӣĵ˲ȼ
Ϊữҽȴల£ֻ洩ŵĺ»˻ҽ©һŲĵֲ쳣
ָо
üͷϸĿϵģԼ˵ĸоʮơ
Ѳɣǰˣ
λǵĽ㣬¶ô
λеĵȻǺŮӣָָ֣ǰˡ
ͻͦ𣬺Ůһ뿴СѾͷ˵ʲôһ
ΪޱߣĸĶ֣ǽĸˣȻһݴ񡣡
İ˫ۣʮϵЦݸ֪ŮӣֻҪɱĸˣԻ˫ַһúŮ
ƾʲôأοԼô
ȻˣѾҲӲģͷ֤ǽ㲻ϲĻɱҲԹ޻ڡ
Ů˼Ƭ̣һһᣬһˡ
һεĻ治ͬһΣֳѪɫĻ˵ȼա
㿴ҿ㣬Ҫ룬һ廯˻ҽĿɫʯͷॵĵڵϡ
ˡ
ÿһ˵涼ĺɫѪʯ˾˵ѪʯĴС˵ǿϵѪСĿҲ֤˵ݡ
ңӵôһѪʯ˱ǿ󣬸ЩѪʯĴڡ
ֻǰǷˡ
˵֮ƻ˵ԲŻᱻճ˻ҽ
ˣأҲ⣬СѾͷ֪ġ
Ȼ֪ұ֤൱⡣
˵ţһӣڰ֮С
ȥڵʱߡ
֮Ծ͡ŮӣҪΪŮӺͷǷһ塣
Сʱǵ˵Ƿ֮ʹԽǿ󣬷ӵԽǿ
ֻԴ˾ֵܣ㲻ʹ÷
⣬Ӧ˶ԷҲǷˣʱ򣬷һֱķ֮
ȻŮӿʱɫסˡ
㡭ô
ɻ⣿
ΧںŮ߲ϵתţȺŮץסĻص˽ߡ
ȥɣˡ
ظŷ𣬷ã񣬷ҵ˸õĹޣûбֻиˡ
ѾʶķڽϵǻţƺӦ뷨Ʈ˺ŮС
ôϦ
ֱ˿̣ŮӶţʱôõ£õѾʱĴڣȻϦ
УһȵˮŮƺв˸žʱ¡
ߡ
ĳڤҹ䣬ʾϣֻ˷񣬸ϽҸ뿪
汻˵ýҵ˳ڡ
һʢïĴ£һ˶ߵͨǰɶ˷䡣
˼µʱһγɵĸǽסǵȥ·
㡭Ҳˣ㻹ʲô

1422 ֮

1422  ֮
߸ߵĻǽס˵ȥ·ȵĻżһ޷ݵʹȫ
˻һξ룬ζҲʮֲܡ
˵ģĶֵĻڤҹϹħ񣬼ԷǷҲ·磬ټϽĽɫľŵʱѾӡ
ֻĲ붯֣ܺƽƽϾ˭֪ʲô顣
ǴӺδ
ŮӲûһľٶֻ赲˼˵ȥ·
ͬʱҲסҪֵڤҹ
ôһֻˣΪ˱˽Լ͸ףȻύҡ
ˣ
ǧȷ
ϺŮӵ˫û˿Ļң˵ĶǻѻԾɫġ
ôģѹͲ֪Ҳû˵̫࣬ԷҲ֪Լ˵Ǽ١
˫Ƭ̣ŮһӣĻǽɢ
뿪ҪӦһ顣
Ůӿ˽һۣѪɫ˫ʮָӵ顣
˵ܰ쵽ģһ׻˵úãΪ֮
Ҵ硣

źŮӵĻһ㶡
ɶ⣬
ֻҪƻϷķ䣬ұԵõɡ
ŮָָϷֻƵֵı鲼һһķ䣬ϸȥʲô죬Ƿɵ
ɣЩΪסŮӣЩԥ
˽ĵԥŮһλӶ֣ʱһöɫë˽ǰ
Ϊ֮𡣡
ŮŮҲǱסķˣҪԼ֮ףýĴ뿪
Ŀ˿գֿ˿Ůӣһʱ䷸ѡ
Ͼ˭Ҳֻ֪Ϊʲô֮Уʲô޵Ļ߻᲻ʲôõĺ
ŮҲ˽ĵĹǣһλӶɫ֮гһĻĻ档
УһɽˮĵطаٻʢһƬ˼ɾ֮
֮Уһֻɫķˣ̫ã˱ͣɽϢʱȴɽͱڵĶϹһԲѵӤ
ǰ֮ޣȻĿԼǰ
˾Ӥҽ丧

1423 ʵ򱣻

1423 ʵ򱣻
УһԭలµǺ鷢ת䡣
˽кˣڱ죬к׿ԽҲڷ˵ϸĺǻ̵֮³Ϊһ
һ죬˱ˣԼ˶ʮк
ӤѾɳΪ˰һˡ
˲֪ΪʲôԼտʼһֱ񣬲֪ȥˡ
֮ûʱţеֻ޾Ĺ¶Ψÿʮһεʥ֮սŻһЩ
Ǹȴһ£
еķɾǰĺŮӣǽһʡ
㱻ʱ䣬˾û͹ô
δ
ŮЦţѪɫӼ˼֣Ƕĺ⣬ǵԼĺӱԼ޷ݵʹȫ
Ǿ仰ڤҹڣܹ뿪Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳ܺƽúƽ
㣬ӦÿóߵϹħֻǲ¶ѡ
ĿźŮӣô˵ҪԭΪŮеĺɫë֮
ô׻˵úãƼˮεһұ֤ģ˵һжġ
Ҫֵ֪Ǽ٣ֻҪԱɡ
ңһΪ֤ʣаһڤ뿪
ĺŮӷԣƬ֮󣬲ûкɫľų֣Ҳʹ˵һжġ
ɽ
ǰһĴӻнӹ˷ëһëǻֿԻûε޶Լ
һ㽪ȷһ¡
֮޴ʹô
ֻεĻᡣ
ֻ֮ӵзѪˣǴķһʹãǽԼиˣ޶ֻʹΡ
ֻΣҲʮǿ
ðɣξˡ
ܱûúá
Ҫôƻ䣿
ָָϷķ䣬ַǿķʦһ˿ԽӴġ
ַûʲôЧãɶ壬𵽽ãҲڤҹ
ΪڤҹΪǿֿܵ˷ƺ롣
֮У󿴿ֿҲûʲô֯ɵ˵ܲ͸磬Ҫƻ졣
ңټķҲԼıʩΪľǱ˵ƻ
ҵɫķ䣬˺١
ɫķ䣿
вķûһҲǧӴķҪҳɫѣÿһַɫһһʱ仹Ҳɫķ䡣
Ҳŷ˰У뽪һźɫķ䣬ƽ硣
ˡ
û¶ˣվҾͺá
ʱʱҲûҳɫķʲôط˿۾ˡ
ʦǺɫô
ôԵɫզͿ˺ɫ
İһۣ۾ѰΪؼķ䡣
ֹȥһʱʱ䣬ĹǷҪΪҪõַ֮ӵĹء
ת˲䣬һĨɫֲԶֵǣԭֵĺɫʧ˶èèһ
Ҿ˵ôҲҲǺɫķ䣬ԭˣ
˵ķǧڲǷƳ˾һ˵Ѱҡ
˫һӣһǿץסҪܵĺɫСֽˡ
ϰϣſҷſң
ץסСֽһŤţҪѿ
κΣǺˡ
СѾץס㣬з˵ĵô
ֻһƴССֽдƵһĵСĵȤ
˵㵽Ǹʲô
˼ҾǸֽѽ
Сֽû٣ֻһֽɵбĻʱСֽ˵ıһ൱޹
ŶôǸСֽ˰Ǿͱˣһ
ţŮŮ֪ʲôСĶֻϣһֽ
ֽģֻϣıºְ˺Ƭ
ǳɣʲôΪʲô
ָľ
СһﲻԵ޹ʵĳ֣ضԭ
ֽ˱ĽУ޵̾һ
һֽˣŮܲ˵껰
ֽ²ŽĵļƢ¶ͷβһôˡ
˵ʱֽ̧ͷҲ֪滹ǷŤͷǲûĻĿӦǿվһԵķ˻
黹ҪӺܾúܾǰ˵𣬵һеԭ򶼺йϵ
Сָָֽ˵ŹԼԼͻ֮Ĺϵ
߶߶˹һʱ䣬û˵ҪϣĶһЩʲô޵ս
뱻ֱӷǣ
вֽˣīػͱĺˡ
ŮƢô꣬๫֪ô
ӽǽʼСֽ˱㽫һ鶼С
û뵽ԼȻˡ

һγ̾һԼʹҲͷˡ
˴ңʵΪסˡ
գֽ˻˵֡
ǰƬ½һ磬Ƶ۹佨㷭Ϊڵ
Ľߣǻ˵к˼ˡ
˼˽˽УΨһĿıǱԼҲϧ
ʲô˼
ֽ˵Ļ
в֪£յһ˿Цۡ
˾֪
Сֽ˰Ͱ͵˵ŵ֮¡
ֻ֪Լ˼У֪
Ƭ½ս࣬ħ޺д½Ҳ˲ٮٮ֮⡣
ǣ޷ȴǼΪϡٵĴڣ廹ħҪ壬˷˶᲻ϧһд۽ռΪС
֮һ
Ϊ˸к˼ᣬΪԼص覣ʵȴѾ¶
˼ֻ֪ԼϵŬ㹻ǿ󣬲ʵԼҪˡ
ҪΪһôףΪ˼ΪϵķܶţΪıԼǿߣ˺
ΪˣԵദĹУ˼ѾԻС
ǣ˼뷢黹Ƿˡ
ħ𾳽ߣħǳĸǿ֮ˣҪεС
Ҫ֪һУֲ롣
˼У˼һ֮ԿҪħ˸Ⱥߡ
Ҫ֪˼Ϊǿ߱ȱȽǣɼ˼ҲִػǰԼѪ⻯Ϊ磬ֹ֮˲롣
Ϊ˼Ϊǲ޷Խ

1424 ʦʦ

1424 ʦʦ
Сֽ˵ڵĿģΪ˱Ȼķʽڲ̣С
ҲΪ˼֪˻һԼĻš
˵ˣľӣΪ˱˲ЩȺŻɽյľ档
Сֽ˫̯֪ľ
⣬Ŀ˿ֿ˿СֽˣʱСֽ˾Ȼʧ
˵ˣǻ֪һУҲһͬʧ˱ˣҲȫˡ
ԽԽֱʧ
ֽ˻ҽɢ֮䣬ܲŵķҲ֮ˡ
ʱɽʱˮʱķ磬ʱ죬ڷʧʱһͬޣΨһƬڰ֮Ϊҫ۷Źâʯš
ֻҪƿʯţ뿪ҲԶԶĻɡ
֪Ļȴԭأһ仰Ҳû˵
ţϣúûȥġ
ǰŻļ
Щ˵˵ûʲôջڻԼ
ʼҪ뿪Ϊ˸ȥǸѺеˡ
񣬵֮Իȴһ̵ʵ
ҪѾ˰׹ǡ
߰ɣ
⣬뿪ͨǣڤҹƿʯţ۵ĹâˣӦ˹â֮󣬶ֻʣһһĻȸԾ֮
ʦʦﻹʦܴ磬̫ˣ
ȺУţָŴгֵĸˣжôĸˡ
ү㿴㿴ʦʦʦҴ磡
ˣ䶼Ҫ㺰ˡ
ǧЦţĿҲ˵ϡ
ڴʱһ˲䵹
Ƶ۹ǧȻˣ֮࣬Ŀ׷תĵˡ
ĸ˵ʲôĴڣôڰô
һͻ岻ͣҲôɡ
˲֪еԭʱһɫĹâзߣǺɫӰǷ˵״
ǧĻջѡ뿪
ʧȥ˷ǧΪ˷档
ʦȥô
еĸЩ˼Ĵ߸
΢΢ҡҡͷҲ֪
Դˣʥ֮սĻ
һμʥ֮սν˴۾
Ȳ˵һ巢˱Ϊλɳǿѡֲμʥ֮սʮ˽Ψ˻߳
ʣĲǴĹӻǻĴУһֺݡ
صűԺϴһİз֪ǧԣĸ˵顣
˾ˣô¶
ǧԳĬƬ̣ٴ˫۵ʱ۵׼֮ɫ
ӵԽԽˣԽֻʱˡ
ˣһǿֲĴڣǵʵжôǿ˭Ҳֻ֪֪һ˿Խˣ佫ɵ
ҹɫƵ۹
Ƶ۹ʹУ˫ֶż򣬽˫Ŷȣ鷿еϣ΢΢üͷƺӡ
ԣµǴʲôطˣ
ȷˣ
ƺμʥ֮սΪ˵ʱ򣬱һ䡣
ʥûбߣ˻ʥ֮սʤ
ƺӲԡ
ȻȷϣҲûб˼ֻѣ˿αװκһˣǵΪǿ˿־塣
˵һʡ
бĸΪͣٵħ۷ľ磬ˣȫ׶֮ǰʥΪ鷳Ĳμʥ֮ս
лԻע⣬ǰĻ
һνĵĿжһһƺĸôһ¶ҲڹС
ڶΪĻڤҹǰĻˡ
лˡ
õ֣ҲûҪڻʹˡ
֮ǰҪĵһƺӡ
£ĸ˴²μʥ֮ս᲻᲻ֻҪõʥСĵĵطеˣҲ˴ڡ
£ڤҹת뿪ֻһƺӽеëʡ
һʸ˶ѳأƺӽü΢һֽ֧дһλ
ˣɽ
ǣ£
Ӱһӹƺеűʧ
Ѿ뿪ĽĲ֪鷿зʲôصűԺŹͷеǽһ㡣
ʦʦүĴͷر㣬һǮ
رļزǮ֣ԶԱڤҹͷǧ֮
ˣƺ˵ʲô
û˵ɶҾӦ֪Щʲô
ƺ˵ԸԽǱԽȥ˵ҲͲ˷ʱˡ
˾ˣҪƵ۹õʱ䣿
ǧ֪ôʵɣ˿һԿŹͷ㣬ıȻǷĲˡ
İɣڤҹȥĻһҪƵ۹һʱ䣬˻żҡ
Ҳ֪һʥ֮սʦʦҪǰĻǸȥˣֻ׸
ʦʦͰȥĻˣү˵ˣģүָʦҴģҲúõʦҵǱ顣
Ȼġ
ôʱദͽʦʦﵱԼˣȻ˵ʦ۵ҪÿΣնᱣǡ
ʦʦҪȥĻĴڣĿǰ˵Ϊûʸ̤롣
Ҫúõȵǿ֮󣬱ǰĻȥѰʦʦġ
˿ɰͽܣĵĸеůġ
ʦҲûʲôö͸㣬Щš
ΨһͽܣȻû¶ѹեСӣɱϾһ߱㲻֪òٴ
İѽָеıѰһʲôľ޵ڵıҩݣҽ飬ıȵȵһԵĶ㡣
Сɽһıض˲û㡣
ʦģͽš
֪ĵԸ񣬲ûģɴĽжյԼĽָС
ʦʦĻǣ㹻ǿ֮󣬾ͻȥ
ãʦǡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣԴ
ɶأѽ
תͷ˿ڤҹվˣҲͽɶôҲڤҹΨһͽܡ
ҲǣڤҹеǮеıﶼ˽ıܣһǮûС
ɫ£ֻڤҹһӣһɫħעڡ
Ϊʦڵһ㣬ú
Ҫ֪ڤҹϹħϹħڵһ뵽ڣټӵϹħޣ
գűԺǰ
ݺݵҧŴǲԼ޳ֱŽĺڤҹӰ׵ʧУ۵һ
ۡʦʦ

1425 Ŀ

1425 Ŀ
ģ˻Уź󱳰ο
ʦʦȥĻҪ飬ʦܻһֱ㣬ǵΪǸ磬һȥĻʦʦòá
쳣ᣬڻе˵ͷɻֹסĿš
ôʱѾϰʦߣϰʦĿţʦʦȥǰĻ֪ҪȥҪ飬һʱ仹Щܲ
ǵΪ𾳽磬ȻǰĻ
ǧתʾҲʰǰżˣҲҪͬһǰżҡ
һǻˣҲӦʱںúõıˣҲҪǰż˽һЩ飬ЩֻżҼԷ֪
ˡ
˵䣬ǧԵĿתϡ
СӵʦģʦڤҹԸΪҵͽܡ
ǧ仰ʱһʱûзӦ
ͨһϥڵϡ
ʦϣͽһݡ
ãɡ
԰
ڻе㿴˿Լֳֿ˿ǧԡ
үʦľ˾ˣΪ˾үͽܣǽдʦأǴ磿
ֲһӦôƺǡ
վε̾һһõӡ
ߣһʰҳž뿪ƳǣһߣĺڤҹҲϾǰĻڵĻɽ
˷ģ˾˱ǵİȫ
һĨǳ֮ɫڤҹȻ֪İŮʲô顣
õģȻ֮Ϊͣҽѧȴĸߣһܺõļ̳鱾ϵ֪ʶ
ߣ˱һ·ϷǧԶң˳ҲʲôΣա
ϾԼͽܡ
̾һڤҹĻС
Сӻһé®СһȻŴ壬˭֪᲻ʲôһδżҵע⣬Ҳǣо˾һƽµġ
ڤҹ
ô˷ˣ
ڤҹͷŻŮ۵׵ʣȻ⡣
ȻĿڵʱ򣬱ǶʱǧԺڤҹ׶˵Щʲôôء
˾˵׺˵ɶ
ָ֪䵽˵ʲô顣
֮ܡ
ͷŽĵĶͷڤҹЦᣬɽȴǾͣԽҪ֪һС
ʵǧڤҹЩ֣ڽİݵ϶˲ˡ
˵ʲô˲֪÷ǧԵĻ˵˵ĵ˾ѣ˵Ķڤҹ
սİֳ޻ŮˣһȻڤҹʲôɫġ
Ƶ۹ǰĻڵĻɽҪķһµʱ䣬һµʱ棬ҪƵ۹ı߾һƬĮһƬԼ۹
۹ͣһʱ䣬ᴩ۹ӣ˳źϼǰһʱ䣬ھͷĻɽҲ͵յĿĵĻ
ھոƵ۹ı߾׼ѩ߶ǰС
ھ𺽵ʱȴС͵ľסǰ·
ʮ˴Ӿ俪һеĳһӳ׼˾ϵĳ˿͡
ɣȺ˵ĿǴ١

1426 Ĺ

1426 Ĺ
С;½½ʮˣʮٷŮÿһ˵Ϊ͡
ҡҡͷסڤҹ֡
ϵǿٷˣһɫŵҪæΪֵǮĶеұȥ
һĻЦ˳ǽٷҪЩϵ֮ǰٲʲôãȥҲὫ俪ƶǸڳοء
˵ٷ˵£ҪϾֻ˻ŲϣǮ֮Ϊ˽ǮǶ಻ֵá
û뵽ǣȺٷ˽뾨֮ƺûǵĲ񣬷֮һȺڴʲô
㣬Щ˿ԡ
š
һڽٷ֮УΪ׵Ůһĵ̣ԭһǵ֮£ֲ쳣
ɣŮӱǽٷ֮ס
ʱŮһߵ˵֮УŲӣϵŵıػζš
ߵǰŮϣŶȡ
·ѡҪôҪô͸ȥĹѨ
ŮӵĿһһϵˣһ˫΢΢ɫâտ˶еСӡ
ЩӲСŸĸ׼ǰ۹ȴ뵽ڰ;˽ٷˡ
ƺע⵽ٷĿ⣬ӵĸ׹ǰһĳŮٷ˿ͷ
𣬺ӵĸǾֵˮ
ҵĺӣЩеǮҵĺӡ
ӿſĸף֪ʱ˿ԵʲôΣա
ӵĸҲǰŮ˿ͷֻϣŮܷŹǵӡ
Ů˵Ŀ⵭ĿǰķޣԼӣ˫
ʮ£ʮϵ˶С
Ůһ仰֮ϵĳ˿ֲӣһٸ˿֮У߸ʮµĺӣʮϵˣʮվһš
ˣȥ۹ʣµץǰĹз
ʲôĹ
Ů˵Ĺֵʱ˵ıȼ˻Ҫֲ
ɰĹħɱǵġ
԰ŮҪǮĻǰǮǣĹȥõģ
Ůˣ㿪ѣеǮǡ
һĹֱ֮ŵù˵ϡ
Ů˸۵׵Ŀ־壬һӣʾ½˿ǸһҾֱǰĹ
ı־ˣŮٷ֮ʱһ仰֮ʱȴֹס֡
ҵĹеĻһˣƽ͵۹Ů
£Ůתȥֻʣһֵˡ
Ļ
鼮ϿһЩĻļء
ഫһѺܹǿĻڵʱһƾãû֪Ļôϵģֻ֪ĻʮֵǿӵĻԳưһ
ĻֻǴ˵веĶŮ˵һ仰ƺǿ϶ĻĹ֮С
Ҫһ㣬Ļǿ֪õ˵֮ܽ˷գеֻ֮ʹΡ
ǰĹѰĻͷûж֣˸ž˿һѹһС;ϣǰĹ
һٶ˼һССľУСĿռǵĿ־塣
ҪǰĹôǿĹ
˵ĹˣûĹǾ֮ˡ
ͼݣһ䣬Ĺʲôط
ĹʲôĵطΪʲô˵ĹʱһħһĿ־塣
仰ʱһţǱƺʣ侹Ȼ˲֪ĹĴڡ
СĲ֪Ĺô
Ĳ֪
ҡҡͷҪ֪Ҳˡ
ٽߵ峤̾һ˵Ĺʱжһľ
ĹںܾˣõʲôʱֵĶǵˣһȴƵ۹۹֪飬ǱǴĹеħ
һħȻ˿־壬ǿǱԽ𣬵ǣĹеħȴ߶ֹǰĴڡ
ôô
ֹҼǵƵ۹۹۹ղ۹ǿĹɳ˾ǿǰĹΪıѰĻҪ֪Щÿһ˵Ϊǡ
԰˵Ķ飬ջŻֻǣǶҲڳڵľĥ֮±ķ񲡣
ԣĹеħĻߣЩǺ޷ֻ֮ħĥ
߶ħ̵ɱЩ޴ǰĹֿ֪
ĹĻô
ʣҪе֪ĻǷĴĹС
ˣֻŵ߿˵Ļ֣鲻֪
ĹĿֲ󲻵ģһǰĹ˵ƺѾעˣһѾԤеԼٵ֮ص³
С;֪н˶죬ĿԽԽȵʱ򣬾ͣ
ٷǴ˾Ĳš
һģ
ĺڤҹ˻켣ȺУ߳գǰһƬããĸڡ
ȵ⣬˷ӿ˸߽ٷߵһ͹ʯǰ档
Ůٷߵǰʱٷ˽ʯϵĻؿź¡¡һعڳǰ
Ĺǣνȥ
ڵλòĹĹǣҪֱĹҪڳǣĹ
Ĺڸ֮£ǿȵĸڻĮعǵʱȴĳ档
һ󺮷ӵعгŷùѪζŻ
һͷȼ˳ƣֻЩ޵ʬɣԽߣɫɫԽ࣬һ֮ǰΪһĨֲŨصա
ǣߵʱԭƵĳƾȻɫ˹ɫĵعڹɫ֮£Եøɭ
ص˶ߣƬ֮䣬ֻ糱ˮһɹĺɫСǵض
еǻŵܣܵ˱ɫСӸǣգۼ䣬㱻ɵĸɸɾֻʣһ׹ǡ
ɫСԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ࣬ʱվĽٷǰһҩ˵ϡ
Сҩ֮һֻֻɢ
ߡ
ŮԭͿ־嵽˸Ըǰߣ˭֪Ůǰһһ˵ࡣ
ѪȲ̵Ļסǣˣ³Ҳһһƴˣ
˺ɫСӵ飬еǸǽ񾭡
ڣɫСӲٳ֣õҲ˾ͷ
ǰһʯţٷ˽ʯſ

1427 װȫ

1427 װȫ
еʯűһ˲䣬һƬڰǰ
ǣڰеһĨȴ쳣ҫۣǺһѳ쳣Ĺ
ܸоõѳŷ
Ļ˭ܴﵽĻԻ뿪һǰ۹
ԭΪҪһĻǰһ
ֻҪõĻͿԻ뿪ˣ
ȺУһǰ׼ӺڰֵʯȥǵĻ˭֪̤վڵһʯϵ˲䣬ȫȻɫĻǣֻ˲䣬ɫĻ潫˷ճΪ˻ҽ
Ļںڰ֮УҪõĻס
ˣ꼸۹ľӢôΨ˻ɵӡ
žһ
ŮٷеıӺݺݵسȺУǰȥĻ
һĻһӣץסŮٷеıӵһߡ
ûڰб鲼󷨣ǿֻΪƷ
ĿһŮӣתǰ
ˡ
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Ѿ֪ôԽ編ĽٴλعŮٷ˵ϣ֪ԼѾ֪δƬʯס
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ΪһôҪӢۣ
ܣ
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ɢĿڤҹϣǵһĨϢʵ͸Ųݾܾ
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ķǲܵģֻǽѹھϣõĻ֮󣬲ŻķȺˣĻһ
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ӽڰУĸоõԼȫµľѹţǰǣڤҹ֣͵ȥڰеСɵĸɸɾˡ
СƬ֮󣬽뿪˺ڰΪҲ˲ָˡ
ӽָóֽʣűڰֽϻŷԼʯͱϿ֡
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ڤҹֽд֣ü΢΢һ¡
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ԣڤҹʶЩ֣֪Щеݡ
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Ҫǣ֪ʲôԨħʲôĴһ˺ڰ֮УеΪᵴȻ޴棬ǼһͻȻ֣»ʲôõĺ
Ԩħ֮ʱΪڳ˯У˷ģڣԨħΪݡ
Ǿͺã߰ɣ
Ļعͷ˿Ůӡ
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˵ĻǰʵϣһӰɫĹâһš
űĹڳǡ
Ůӿ˿ڣ߽˺ڣ̯˫ε̾һ
Ҿ˵Ů֪Щʲô
Ů󣬽ڤҹ˽˺ţһһ˳һ⡣
֮лҰһƬҲƮŻҽŽعغš
ٷǰҪƿţæֹΪʱ
ڽٷ˽Ӵŵһ˲䣬ʯ
밡֪ⲢѰ֮أܲŵġ
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ٷ˽Ż׵˳£ȼֻһ񣬻׵˲䱬ըڳǵĳը
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ˣһһɣѾըˣҪҵĻֻܴڳǴ
Ǿ仰Ƿ
ŮٷûὪģĿѲΧһУСĸڽ
ǰĽĺڤҹǿǰľһһʯŻţŸвһҲһͬ㣬룡
Щ˶Ҫ뿪ڳǣȴʲôʯԶԶ˴˴

䣬һ紵кƼһŮӵĸ
£ȴ˺ëը

1428 ʯ

1428 ʯ
ŮӵԽԽ󣬴ԭĺ߳ڵĸǴӹ淢ë
ʱڳǿʼƬ̵ʱ䣬ڳǣֲָ
ԽԽϢİŷ׼ӦʱػᷢΣա
ʹʱˣһӰԼٶȿ
ʯͷ͸ߣ
˵صڶߣĻδǵûӦ˴Ӻһ£ڤҹоֿ챧ס˽ġ
ߣ
Ȼ۲ܵ׷ʲô飬ı㱻ڤҹ𣬸Īֵ߹հ˹յڳǵһլ
լ֮󣬴˵ϵĸӣȥֽʵʵϣƺʲô
һõĳ뷢ǰ಻
ڵϴڴڵĺʵĿ˿ڤҹͽһۣмǷŭ֡
ô⣡
˵ĻǺߣƺԽڤҹ˳ڳʮֵŭ
Ļ
ǺǣĻ
˵Ļĸֵʱ˹ЦЦһڳЦĺڤҹ̰ģһҲڳЦԼΪ
ǺˣôҲĻǣ
ΪλĹڳǣ˵ģǴĹڳǡ
Ȼ˵Ļӡ֤˽롣
һֱĹڳǣ
ʱ˵ļѾģûкڰףûдﶬļ֣֮еֻһƬ޾ĳԼʱػֵħ
ǿ֪һ̣ǱЩʯͷһԶԶĹڳǡ
˵Ƿǵô
ĵĻ˵˵ͷ漴˵ǸԼĹڳΪλôʯ
꣬ղ۹Ƶ۹۹۹µ۹ȵȼ۹齨һӢ飬˽֪ΪǰĹѰĻ
ʵѰĻһڶΪѰĹ֮еһ飬ҲΪĹеħ
һٶɵĶ飬ÿһ˵Ϊ֮ϣ֪ǿĶжô
ˣĹ֮Щ֮ϵȱһӤѾǧҰһ㣬޷
ٶǿ߻δĹ۽һʯ
ٶˣȫĹڳô
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ΪܹѰĻѰ飬Լħ顣
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һѷźɫâϹʱĻһֵͬǿһκ߸˿һЦ
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ħδˣ˻þ֮С
˴ӻþ֮󣬲֪ΪֳĹڳǣͬ飬˲֪ټ
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ħøԻģֻҪħ˫۶ϣΪʯͷ
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˵ţ˽еһö彻˽ġ
ΪĻҲ¶ˡ
е壬ҲˣӦǶ˽彻ĳˡ
罪һҪöɵ飬뿪Ĺ֮󣬽һö彻۹ĺҡ
ǵ۹֮󣬸ߺҵĳӣ˵δʧ
ԼԽ佻ĶӣǸô
壬ʵعĲһȴҲű쳣
ЦţҡҡͷΡ
ܵĻ뿪ĵطˣˣһ顣
̾һƺԼԸ֮еҲ𽥵ȥ
ǶǰĹڲʱ򣬼ǵýҵʬյ

û˵ֻǾ㵵Ŀǰˣתͷڤҹ
ڤҹͷִֻ֪ѡ
ûĻĹ֮С
ģһѵġ
Ǿͺã뿪֮ҪСİŮӣǧҪŮӵ˫ӣĹ֮󣬸мǲҪӦκҪĻߡ
߸˱ǴӦҪ󣬳Ϊ㱯ҵ³
ˣҲɢˣǳŴʱ뿪ڳĴĹڡ
˴һӣԭյĵؽſĽе˻Уһεл֮ڤҹ뿪˵ؽѡ
Ȼڳǵ֪ʱɢڳָֻ˻Ұס
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˵ָڤҹͽĶڳǵĴڳΪͻĽڶ׼һ˲䣬Ůӳڶ˵󣬽Žĵ֡
ǵ쳣ᣬصڽĵĶߣغһ
֪İŮΪԻԼû׵δڤҹֹ
ĹڴڲһĽݲ֪ͷ
һֺܹĸо
֪ʲôԼĸоĵĿ⿴ݣܾýݵľͷʲôٻһ㡣
ΪҲǡ
ڤҹһ۽ģѾڴڲһεĿıΪѰĻ
ڤҹ治֪ʲôǵΪеѹţǷΣա
ܷʲôΣգΪ򶼻ߡ
ڤҹ仰ıʲôˡ
ǣڤҹ֣̤Ľݡ
ݲ֪ж٣һʱһʱȥˣȴߵͷ
ңȥʱǰߣԺжָָĻ档
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һжǻþ󷨵á
ˡ
ôˣ
֪Ϊ򷽲ſʲô
ڤҹץס˽ĵУ˵ŷԼĻ档
ɶ
Ϊ򿴵˴飬ҡ
ҺĻýĺǰһ뻹ҵһӾ˲٣ߡ
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ûйâˮ˸⣬Ƭڰ֮ʮֵҫۡ
ƿˮţһûʵ˼Ĺ룬һڰҫźɫâĻС

1429 ĪҪһ

1429 ĪҪһ
Ļô
Ļǰĳڽĺڤҹǰ
ߵĻǰŴӽϱŷǿֻǿ߲ܸӦϢ
ѽѽ͹٣͹ٰ
һƤ𣬶ǰһŻɫȹС֡
СͬһͯСͺͺԴϴñӣñűʯһֻһǻ
û뵽ʱô֮йˣλ
ΪͣСָͷһӣӳڽĺڤҹ

Ŀ˿Ӧþ˿е
ʱ򣬽Ľ۵ףڴһʬ壬б˵ʬ塣
仰Ц
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֪δ̴ӣһ̴߳һ˵ΪĽס
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вҪȻ˭ϸ֮ʱĹ
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ЦķȤ
ϷȺ̫౦δĸ˸ԣãϷҪʲô
ѽаǵΪеѹţ޷ʱЯĽָˣҲῴҵı
̾һߣһ߻һ˵š
Ҳ֪ҽָ¶һ޶ıǮ뿪֮󣬰͵Ļ
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Ļܳ۸ϷȻܳ𣬲ǻָΪô
е̴˽ĺڤҹ£˱ѹƵΪ˲ָ
֪ĺڤҹϵֻǣ˲סˣ鲻Ŵ߶ѹƶΪȴѾˡ
һڤҹһӣе̴ӡ
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˵֪ǺηʥĹĻУסһԨħܽħĽһǳʥĴ𾳽Ǹġ
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ȶ˾ȻһϷķɣ
ҲҪûʸڤҹ㣡
һħ黹ԼȽϺãΪϹħħ֮ϵڣڤҹһ˾ͿԵ
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֪ڤҹϢ֮ʱ˲ָ˺̬ͯϸϸĴڤҹ
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һɢֻһĻһƾɵ鼮ڰС
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ʱâţ׹է֣Ǳ鼮ԭּķֽȴԶһ֡
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ɶ
ĲĿŵڶͼµʱ򣬵ڶͼԱ߸ֳһ֡
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Ĺߣ巼ĻμҼʮ֮ս㽫Ļ͵Ĺз棬ռóǧ֮Ϲħ̳˻ĹУĻ顣
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ˡ
̾һڤҹεЦš
ǣ鲢δش⣬ʾһб֡
ֻ֮ѯ⣬б⣬ȵ¸ʡ

ô֪һֻ⣬ըëˣ̬ˣ
жɣ飬ƨ
˷ˣĪҪһ

1430 ƶ

1430 ƶ
û뵽龹ȻĹ
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֪ʡŵˣҲһ鷢
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£ĵһܳ˴գڴڵĺʵĿŲĴأŸһ
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ʱǧеڿжݵȺУһ֮󣬺ɫһС
Ž»ҲǮƵ˼ңô㣬¥ϵڿУǵ
ףľ⡣
˳ΪĪֳǳĳϲĽʵĿǧóס

1431 ּӵү

1431 ּӵү
Ǿһضݸ÷޶԰ݣĽĽվǧѾ˱УڹҲֻܷ׷뿪
Ϊ׵飬оͣһգĺڤҹֻܷؿջȵڶ뿪Īֳǣ׼ǰ۹ǵĺң彻ҳ֮󣬱ǰյĿĵĻɽĻ
Ĳ֪ǼٵĲ֪Īֳǳǧ๫Ҳǽձ׵Ǹ˾Իʱ䡣
ɲô˵ô˵Īֳǳǧô˵ҪԴġ
Уʵˣ˵ɣ˵ǧǽŮӣǲ֪ʵѪĶħҪȻ룬׶ˣΪʲôÿһɶû졣
˵˺һƣһĨЦڴǡ
ҲǣǧΣһǵˡ
Ҳ飬ˣĪֳǳĺһָ
ǻǵЩȥɼȥֹǲ֮ˡ
ˣûҲûӣͿżҵĶүûˡ
ȾƣȾƣ
ջУ֮ǵ˵ĻѲɻЩ˵һĪֳǳǧǸħ
أҲҪ뿪Īֳǡ
ҹɫĪֳǡ
󣬽ĺڤҹڿջԺȲ˳£紵ȥĵ׵һĨ꣬˵Ĺз飬ԼԨħǸŮӵ顣
˵ĳһҵ񻰹УһŮͷҲǶߣֻҪŮһۣȫͻΪʯ񡣡
ڤҹ˵Լ׿Ĺ£ϸˣֻǼǵһš
˵ŮħΪ߼Ѿһ塣
ĹΪʲô߼ڤҹҲ
߼ôô˵ǸŮʲôʲôɯţһļ룬Ǳһ˲ŮۻΪɽŮճΪ˾µħ
Ů֣Ǻڤҹŵ߼һ֡
ҲǣһȺ߼֣ô㿴һۣܽԷʯҪôֲĴڡ
߼ħϣսʲôŲóҪɳ߼һۣ˾ͻΪһ߾ߵ붼£
ڽĺڤҹ֮ʱһӰĳڶ󣬲Ұһɶζ
ˣ
ŷĻͷһһ಻۵ĵ˲ǰǸô
㣿
ٺ٣ƶ
ǰһ˫ֱȭȴĸԭء
վԭر𶯣
ǹζֱݣĵĿ
ү㲻ֵ˰ɡ
ģǹζҪŨѬ˶۾ˡ
ЦĸΡ
ƶֻǲСĶѣû뵽Ƕ񹷾ȻԭĵطƶƶһʱŲ·ֵ˷֪λɷи㣬ƶһЩǮƶϴɾ
˵ţǰһæӳʮöҡ
Ͻʧ
лλ𣬺˱кñ
ϵĽұȥǰ˿ջϰ塣
ԭΪĿջʳڳŷͻȻŵһɳζѬ˷׷롣
Բۣʲôζ˭ôʺˡ
ˣܲˣϽߣ
𰡣͹ۣǻûأ߰
ϰ壬䣡
ϰƺ죬ſһ䷿Ҳ˰ȶϡ
Ǹ⳥ĻҪ⳥ģңЩ⳥Ǯ˽ĵͷϡ
ƾʲô
üͷ¿ſջϰ壬Ǯô
үҶλջʧλ⳥һöҡ
ջϰ֣ʾ⽪Ǯ
ˣүѺ˵ʱѹǵǽǮ֤
ջϰ彫һľģľȥȻ˵ͨͨһջûɶ𣬲ýıȽĵľǶһʯͷ
ʯͷʮֵر˵ʲôҲǽĵһμ˹ʯͷк̲һ޷
ڤҹʯͷʲô
û뵽˻ʯ
ڤҹĿľʯ֮ϣ˵ֻһô󣬼ˣҲ
ô˵ʲôʯֵǮˣ
ɣȻˣ͸ٽҡ
ľõ֣ٽҵ⳥޷ǮͰľϵʯѺ
Сʱ֮һɸɾ·˳
ٺ٣лλ
㻹ûǮ֮ǰľ͹С
ĿɲʲôŮֱӽľӽ˽ָУжҪǲǮĻľ͸ˡ
ȻȻƶǷǮȻҪöΪѺġ
ҲûΪľǶŵʯ뽪ķʲôִİõ˻԰Уڷŵĺܲʼ
һܲʮöҡ
ܲǲе̫ˣ
һ룬ɫôľˣʮһܲһô
λӣֵжԵƶƶǳˣλʲôǷ֮ġ
Լֵһ̣ɫӱĮԣгɱ⡣
Ϊˣ̫ʲô˼
Ǹǹĵˣһնħؼ䣬ֻΪʲôŮ֮鰮Ѿ縡ɢ
үôҵǵģ
ĵǺһ㣬ô֪ڿջġ
ٺ٣ΪǶ˵Ϊǿһž֪ʲôط
ÿһϵϢͬϵϢǿĪֳرԵ֮Ȼҵˡ
үıӿǱȹҪ
Ҫô佱ƶƶẦߵġ
Цţǵýۡ
Ȼˣǵүֽϰӡѣʲôʱٽңľ黹㣬һүҪסٽҿҪϢġ
û⣬ƶصĻ֮󣬱˵ٽˣҲܻ𡣡
˼İӡ֪ԺԼΪһŲƽȵǷεȷ
ˣҹӦϢˡ
ãҲϢ
ɶ˯֮ǰܸܲƶͽͣһħһôһģ
˵ʵڵģĺ棬һޣΪѾͻڤҹǸħޣΪʲô׼
ˣ޺ħǵжԵģǰСôһġ
˹֣ڤҹɱһӸֶֱʿˮ

1432 ̳

1432  ̳
գջ
һ糿ջ˶۳顣
Ƕ˵ôеĳˣǽһңȥָ˵˶ˡ
һۿˣҶǽһң˵ȫѪҺʳøɸɾ
ļٵģ⻰Ҫ˵
мôۿģҶȫҰײҰ׵ģȥҪ˵Ҳ˺öʬ嶼ڳǰء
ҪҪôݣһΪܰ죬û뵽һ϶ûаȥ
һվһԾʧȺ֮С
˿ʧеһܲҧš
ҪߣҲȥ
˵ģĻе棬׵Ҳ֪ģۿǧףһжûʲô⣬Ϊʲôһҹأ
ãҪȺһࡣ
ڤҹİ֮࣬͵ߡ
ڳ飬ĪֳǵƺѾ뵽ˣϾǰγǧ๫Ƿû뵽ɾȻô졣
ǰֵѾֵΧ˸㣬ĺڤҹվվŵĵطֵϵĳ۵ס
ʮʬڵһſĪֳǳ˫ָһ˫ŭǰѰµˡ
ҵĹһҹǳкεȸϵ
棬ΪĪֳǳҾ㣬ҪǸħŮΪķҶô
Īֳǳ棬֣һ츣ķĳĪֳ˵۹һۿڳУǰγֻ֪գĪֳ
γΣĪֳľˣڰ֮ڸĪֳǴһƶĳзչΪ۹һĸۿڡ
Ů壬ǿеħϷĺѡΪ֪ȴһ֮ˣѾлԼȴ򡣡
ɶҶѾɻˣ
ǰɣҶѾɻ飬ôȥ򡣡
ҵ˵Ҷһ̣һӡ
Ҫˣȥ˵ȥˣ
۷׷ף˵ŹҶǷɻ飬ɻΪλҪȥȵȵ顣
ҵҲûзˣҲӦɱˡ
һ˵ҼҶӳɻ飬Ҳڽ˲ɱҸ㣬ղһ˵Ҿ͵Ǹ㣬Ϊڻûˡ
ǿЦӳɻ鱻Ҵ֮󣬱̸Ǿ뿪˳ôκθϵϷŮûиϵ
Ŷ
ԭˣ
ôһ¶
˵ôǳʲôħֵػҲô͵Ľɱ
Ҷӵ鱻ҷ֮뿪˳ʱ˳ǰҵһҧҶӵǳǧµġ
ָҶңѪҺȫɵԭ
ƨûϵĻҶôڳǰǾ仰ǲһĽ˯Ҳù
ƣͲ滹ֻ첻ɡ
ʱվȺеǰǰһҶӵʬ壬ȷȷʵʵǱѪµˣǱġ
ƶһ仰֪˵˵
ʲô¶Ҹ㣬ҶӵּɵģաħӾֵףͱǡ
˵ʲô㱻ҵļƵһߣȫ

һߵǽһΣ˫̫ҺһʱҲ岻죬ֻϵʱȥˡ
ҵԽң˫䶷ϾΪ֣ûгԿκҲǺǵģż·˳ǰ
ҹɫĪֳǣĺڤҹ˲δ뿪ĪֳǣҪǽҪ֪ൽôһ¶
ƶģ¶è塣
ⲻǷϻô
ҹɫ֮УڤҹǱ˳ڣǰǧķ䣬һࡣ
һֻΪΪ˿壬Ϊมˮ棬Ǵĺ棬ڤҹҲǴ޵Žġ
ĪֳǳܴڵԺ䣬ԺУֻһصҹɫС
Զһ³ŮǧϿţվŮѾ߰ο
СˣҶ˸ǺˣҲӦãСĵ˶һҵɾġ
࣬ǲħΪʲôЩ˶ˡ
̧˫ˮǿ
ûУǼҴСϵĵĺŮЩ˵۾Ϲˣ֪Сĺá
ѾļЦŰš
С㣬ɫȥϢɣ齻ͺˣϢˡ
š
˷䣬˾ôʧĺڤҹڡ
ƶ濴ʲôЩʧٵ׺ûиϡأ
ûܴϷֶߣĿǰһˡ
Ѳһϵеĺͳǧûϵô
޷粻ˣ³ЩԾôĻġ
¶ۻ֮磬˻αװκһˣƭߵ˫ۡ
Ŀһ̧ͷ֮ʱѲһĿڳϷ
ڤҹ㿴ʲô
ҹɫУڳϷһϢħϢдĸϸܵϢʮвͬĵطǱĸ˼Ҫǿٱ
бȻ顣
ʲô
˵Ϣ
ָָϷ˳Ϣ˳һǰ
ѾΧҲ˲˽磬ûһΪˣĴڡ
ɵƿ˽磬˲ϵŶʱһļ̳ǰ
̳빩һɫĵ񣬵ʮҿ˷ġ
ʲôˣ
׼ǰ֮ʱ֣һƻ
ħаȻϷĸۡа󷨣
ֳˣƶѽ
ֱһƣΪƤ񣬹ͼȥˡ
ھһ֪ͣԼˡ
ô˵ֳҲǸոշ󷨵ģ
ǣϷҪ˯һаϢѰϢ
˵Լ񷿵ɣ׷аϢ˵֮ʱ㿴ڤҹˣ˵ħ
û뵽˾ȻĻ
沢δ˵ѣ˵ΪѾﵽ̳Ľ޷Ĵڡ

1433 滰Ǽٻ

1433 滰Ǽٻ
ʲô˼
ڣ˵Źڼ̳顣
ɣ̳˰裬Ҳ˵ˡ
ܣ˴ڣϷΪλûκβ
ʵԼҲʣŮףûȼձ綼ŮѪħΪ׵ȻǲֺĻ
һУǰŮ˵˴ô
֣űħΪֲĴڣһ˵е塣
֮Ĵڳ⼸귢Ƿйϵ
λŵùϷ򣬱ڳסΣĻĵүڣֻҪˣԻŮס
ƶԿΪΣħؼ䣬ֳ˵ʵҲǰĻƶŻˡ
˵Լ֮ԳĪֳǵɡ
˵ʱʲô˲δ壬Դ䣬ǿ϶ĪֳǷĪĹеָ
ңΪǿһʧ٣Ҳֵԭ⡣
λγƺ
ģС๫ڤҹҪȥǣ˳·ĪֳǣȻԵ˳ծ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĿ˿
ٺٵЦţ˰֣׵Цǽһ֪ǵˣ֪ĻΪĸɽͷء
⻰˵Цˣƶһ˵һж˵οѾӡƶصĻǮˣαشծء
֪ܻܲٽңҪĪֳǳ顣
ĪֳǳĲڷ˼̳̳ǿػ磬ǽڤҹΪҲִᷢڴ˵ļ̳
˵˵һǿ϶ģˣαװΪּҵˣ⼸鶨Ȼ벻˸ϵ
ס˳óԺúźţȻҪȿջ
ڤҹȻ˵ˣܾǸŮӡô˵ء
ûô
ԶԶԣûƤǰ𪣬Ǻ˲һǹ־͹˵ĺ
᷿ڣĲڴϣһ֧ԴһִϣĲ⡣
Ӽʱ;ŮӲͬѰڤҹĻ˵û
һû˺ûƫƫź
֣ʵ֡
ǾֵĻȥƱǣɫˣ˸Ϣˡ
ڤҹڴߣΪҴ˱ӡ
Īֳ֮ҹҲúܡ
ðɣ
ı۾˯˹ȥʱ磬ڤҹһԣ˷ϵƷ
˯еĽķԼվһƬ̲ϣǰޱ޾ĺ󣬽ǰɫɳ̲
ʱгһСŮСŮһ˵ں̲ϣĵĴǰҪˣ̱ں̲ϵŮӻ˫ۣĿСŮ
һתСŮɳΪŮÿ궼ں̲ȥŮӣÿһζɿڵʳŮҲδ˺Ů
ǣһתʱ򣬽ȴԼںУΧһƬϢĸоȫϵ³
ˡ
ĸо޷һ˲䣬һĵ˫ۣŷѾˡ
һУŮĪֳǳǧô
ô
ţ
ŶͷϾ亹Ľģ߽ڤҹšزŽĵĶͷ
ڤҹпˡ
ĴӲԼĵξЩʱģʵʵġ
ɻǾ仰Ȼϸо˵ȷȷʵʵк
ˡ
ٴ𣬽üͷѰȥ
ôˣô
ҵˡ
ּһ첻ұԲưոݡ
Ӱ쵽磬ҵڳǰһģǿ϶򲻹棬ǿԲñķʽּҼȮ
תۼ䵽ò͵ʱ䣬뽪ڤҹϯڼҲڽࡣ
˽ľ룬ûϲΪ屾е
Сɫ԰ףĪˣ
лģǼСľһֱãȺֵá
ΪԼС򱧲ƽһµң޵ֱ
ϣүϽȺ˸ˣǼС˯ð
ࡣ
Ѿ໹˵ʲôֹˡ
ЦЦһ
ǲң䲻ǴɣҽҲЩ衣
ǾͷˣŮɫø˸
Ҳûоܾϸ۰׵ִϣɽ̽Ѱ
Ƭ֮󣬽ջ֣һĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϡ
ֳıǣСֻƣһЩϼѹҩ֮ȻȬġ
ٺòˣϷлˡ
һٷԵû죬ֳŮ֪ʶԨ˵һЩǽ̸ÿһ仰ĵϣΪŮӵĽĶ
λģȥϢˣ㲻Ÿλˡ
Сߡ
緹ȥ˯ʧС
뽪ڤҹͥԺеͤڣһò衣
Ĺʲô¶ֱ˵ɣϷܵ𡣡
治ɵӣĿ˵û¶˵ްеɫȴǼһ֡
Ůе漱֪һУŮǣϯװµֱڡ
СѾͷ㵽׿ʲô
곤ֱ꣬ӽнСѾͷҲ֪ôˡ
豭ǳһĲڿڳ֮䣬Ż²豭Ŀ⿴档
ֳ滰ٻ
Ȼ滰
⻹ôȻ滰
Խô˵ԽĵģԼŮˡ
滰ǣСѾкܳһʱˣԾɶ֮Уûеļ̳СĪĸϵ
ʲô˼
ЩûһԵҲеɡ
ȻÿֶˣЩʱȴʮַѽ⡣
ʲôѾˣ껹档
һˣڤֻء
СѾͷ˵ɶ˼ˣƶҲ֪
ǿɻǵǸ̳Ҳµû̳˭ȻС㡣
˵ԼʱȻܸоõвģз񣬱Ὣ
ֳ֪ɷشһ⡣
Ĺ˵
ǽҲͬҪ˵ЩǼ١
Сǰǲȥߣҷ⣬оջ˹

1434 һֱ

1434 һֱ
ǣǰˣ˵Ҫȥ棬ЩˮʱѾûϢ
ŵʱĻ棬ŮѾûϢʱ򣬵˵ϰޡ
漣ǣԭûϢŮȻһʱ֮˹
ʧõŮֻлϲԻŮһ
Ͷˡ
̳ĳֺˮֱӵĹϵ
мĻ棬֪ʶĻ棬ˮ˲Ŀװȥ˼̳Ϊ
ּ̳ߵаûв´ĻɵѪҺΪά
̳Ĵ˵ͨˣΪûҲ˵Ĺȥˡ
ڳĿֻȥʲôֶΣǲ̻Ѫȣ˸ں
һ㣬ıҪ棬ǹ顣
ֳֵ֮ط̸ҲҪ֪ŮΪʵ
ôһ˵Ų豭ֽ˰С
ĹĪǻǹ顣
ǡ
˵ͷ֪ԼҪ˵Ļ˵һʱѽܣʵ
Сֽ׶οȻͻûʲôҲ棬ǣСϾѾˣǿн棬᲻롣
ںεȲ룬Ļ̾һ
ĵشĹ˭ҲϣôȥǱɲ˲Ķڣʵˡ
Դ֮˱ü̳άǰĪֳǳǧ𻹻ţʵֹۡ
Ĺʲôֱ˵޷
ѾĴ㣬ܽΣܳܣܹܰɣ
ֳҲˣǼ̳̫а񣬼Ҳǿд򿪷ӡڼ̳Ľ磬˵Īֳǲʧ٣ԽԽƵ̳ĪĹϵ
άּ̳Ҫ˵ѪҪÿһƷƷʲôȻýĶ˵Ҳ
ÿ֮ˣǼ̳ѡеļƷ
˵йؼ̳ƷԼ飬һһ飬볣ɣֻҰһЩڹһʱ䡭˵ڹһʱ䣬ʧȥʶ
ν⣿
Ҳ׽˵Եʧȥʶʲô˼
ȥͳûɶ𣬼мֻ̳Σ
֮ǰڤֻأ˵һֱȥ֮УڳȾ֮𽥳Ϊ飬οС㡣
ûĻʱѾ̳аȾҲֻһ㱡һǲ㱡ˣΪʲôĴڣҲ˵
ǡŮʲôô
һħҲʬⶼҪ̳õǺεа֮
˵ʱĬˣ·һ˲˶ʮһ㣬˫֮еҲ𽥰ȥ
̾һ֣ļҲ֪ΰοźãðβſ˵š
ȻСĽѾܱˣСߵİһЩĵǸزܿĲ㣬Ů
ǵˣҲһ׵ġ
һо˵һıаħˡ
磬İ󣬱ΪܿΪ˸ӣ˭֪쾹Ȼ̣кﰡ
ʵֱһ滹ǿеĸԼûҲΪ̳ʵʵݲñס
Դں֮Χһİ࣬ʱֻ˷ʧõŮûж룬⼸ֵҲûκ
ǣз˼̳ϢŮϵϢһģһƭԼҲܡ
ֳƶ˼̳ʱ䣬Сȥ˵˵ɡ
Ȼ˼̳ҲͬȷѾˣΪ˵ȻȨټ̳ңټ̳֮󣬲ڳڵˡ
վתʧС
ڤҹô˵ǲЩˣ
һ˲ȥ棬ЩɷԼ˵ЩǶǴ
ûдȻҪ飬οҲΪãķչ浽˲ʰĵزΪаŸʹ
ڤҹӵŽ뻳οŻŮӵ
Ǹʲôȱ£ܲƻ̳
üͷզ¶û¶أǸˣںŮŮ֮УҪȻǵü
񷿱²˽磬һΪ˳֣һҲΪ˱̳ȡߡ
룬˷ֲеļ̳֮ʱʹݾˡ
ѾԹ취ǵǻգ޷ƻ̳
أ
ĴӽָóľԼĵѺ
˵ľ֪ܿа֮һԣ
ιƶĴ󱦱ɺþûˡ
Ǹһ㣬ľ
ֻһ̳֮Ҫңֱ㻹Ƿλá
֪֪ССôôīľƶ޷̳٣ͷ
Ҳ֪ԼͷľĿԿƼ̳а֮ǶʯľƩ̳ʱ򣬺һ̳ѿ
̳УһѪɫţϼ״һȥ
ͬʱڴϵ˫ۣǵһĨЦⲢδκ˼֮ǽѡ
ֻһʳǵĴҹ㣬ʵں֪֮Լһˡ
ҲãܿȻҲһֽˡ
ߺãúõأﵣġ
еˮϵĵţŴѾŮΪ׵ʹ֡
ĪֳǳǧȾһʱڳǰסˣ׷ǰҪǿײĿǻǼ
ĪҪϷڿһۣϷš
ŭ˫ݺݵҧǽĳ֮գһҡ
ĶĪֳǳһֱźǰУǰԸҪں߻壬ԼΪһ׹ǡ
Īֳĺ̲ϣһľѣľ˯һ㡣
Ǳ߼֮󣬺˵һ
ʧȥӣʧȥŮĵױʹ֣ĿԼŮΪ˿е
֪Լϡ
߰ɣҪ߶Զ߶Զ˾ͻһֱĪֳǵ㡣
еĻľϣȼ˼ŵľ񣬻ԽԽ塣

1435 Ů

1435 Ů
Ϊף뿴ԼŮ󱻻ɻҽҲûа취еİ취
һ棬֮ǰ潫Լ𻯡
һ棬ûнʬл𻯣ڳڵ˶ȻὫƳΪʬ
ĽӴʬ֪ʬĿ£ԣǲ뿴ΪĿܡ
ڴ𼴽壬մ֮ʱһѹƶһ˲䣬̲Ŀ¡
źˮХ̼䣬㽫ѹ𣬵纣ȥ֮󣬱ľϻʬ塣
ǣ
ָԶһĨɫӰӣһԾڤҹ׷ȥ
˵ΪȻĪ⣬ĺڤҹҲǳصġ
׼Ǳ뺣׵ʱ򣬽нӡ֮С
Ϲˣô
ǰ˲ͬмĸϱ鲼ģǰϸɫƬѿǰǸŮӡ
߿
ŮӦ壬ɫƬŹâ
ӦͲµˣܽĽӴûл̳޹֮˵ɸ
ǰ˲ǱˣŮࡣ
ߣΣ
һжģ̳ΪɱɣΣֻҪűã˵Ķûκιϵ
Ӧ֪ǿôֻܸ֣֮ڽڤܾ֮ĥ
İ˫һһ
౻֮Уûһİ֮¸Ӳ
û뵽˵ΪȻеĻҪ˼̳סҡ
ĺڤҹ˵ȫԤϷΧ֮ڣλ˺һĲݰɡ
Ϊܽô
ܲҲ֤Ҫֻʬ壬ʬ廹
ƾ㣿
ɫɫĹâ˲䣬Ϸӿһ
еһĳ̶൱£һ
ĿһۼӿľˣһĨЦ⡣
ˣһûޣɱ㡣
˫ֽӡħ󷨱鲼硣
¡¡еƲϵ£׵˺ˣһƲһѿ
ȻѾ׼ϾڤҹԼߣ绤ڤҹϵħŲᱻħһͬ
ڷħ֮е޷һҪ׵ĹһҲҪ
㣬Ǻˡ
ʲô˲ҪȰ廻
Σ
һھܾ˽ģһԾֻ溣һηӿһ˲䣬໯̬·ȥƺҪþȫƳ磬ʧںС
̫Сˡ
˫˫һνӡǿ˷ħ󷨵Ƶ׵£ݺݵĻҪϡ
׵еȫһɽζΪ׵һʱӰ׹䡣
ϾҪ׹뺣У׵ҧһץס֡
УɫƬȫɱ׵ĻҲԸɿ֣һĻý΢΢üͷ
һӣԭ׵罻ӵķħɢ粢δɢȥ
֪ΪΣһĪ뷨ԺУľȻֻȥ
شһ⣬ЩɻɶǱɱô
Ѿ֪𰸣ֺҡ
಻뵽ǰȻǿزСıʬ壬ϱ׵˿ڵǡ
ĪֳʧٵЩߣҲɵĺ£
ʧٵߣ
˵仰ʱһƬ⡣
Ҳ֪˵ʲôЩ̰ҲƵĸĺ֮ȷȷʵʵΪΪʧٵߣȫȻ֪
һѪӿڵֵħ󷨵ʱ̫ΪͲ½ϵ࣬뺣̫õʱ䣬ɫƬѾ䣬۵˼ѷΡ
һƬһƬƬϵ䣬Ҳˣ֮У̫岻𺦣ҲΪˣųȥ˷ħ󷨣Ҫһʾ
˵ʧٵߺ޹أѲһʼǾˣ
˻棿
Һƭ㣬ļƷֻ֮ˣֶҪΪˣ̳ʧȥЧá
֪ģ̳ļƷҪ֮˵һƻأڡ
ݵ˼Ƭ̣ٴ̧ͷࡣ
ѡ񣬵һ廻ÿ㻹ϼݣڶΪȻǿκβҶˡ
û˵ٻô˵ĪֳʧٵЩ߱Ϊˡ
ѡ񣬽ĵȴŻӦ
գ಻Ľʬ廻˽ģֲ̧ŴǵѪ࿴һڽɢ֮һԾ˺ʧ
Ĵʬص˺ߣʧõŮһ˫ŵֹסˮ
ּһƬ֮Уʬ屻𻯣潫ĹǻҴĪֳǡ
ʱ֮Īֳǳ
ɶ˼ǵĴ£ûץסô
ֻСȥɱ˵ҲֻЩɶѣʧٵߺûйϵ
Ǿ仰࣬ǱΪ
ү֪ʧٵ߶˭ʲôطʧٵġ
һƶң
Եƾɲзҳһţŷ⣬ֽдµֱʧߡ
ӵһʼһֱһʮˡ
ÿһߵΪ֮Уڵص㣬ֲĪֳǵܣĪֳϽķΧڡ
ЩʧٵˣƶĪֳǵ⼸գǾﲻԾ
˵ĸоǾĪֳǺǲһʼΪԭ򣬵ʧָ֮оδɢ
ֳʧٵô
ûУϷǰʱ˴ɱɱϷһŮӡ
ҡҡͷû˵ʧٵ飬ǰʱŮӵĴɱǺŮ൱֮ߣһԿ϶ŮӾ⡣
ǵճĻԼںŮ֮֡
⣿
΢΢üͷ˵ǺŮӲаǹȡ
˵ΪŮĸҲΨһˡ
Ժ
ŶȳŸ㣬һ˼Ļһ߷ϵ顣
ôһμأŮȣź£˾ǡ
⻰ܼ򵥣˼ڶһŮȣźɫ·תôʳľΪη⡣
濴ɾŮˡ

1436 ܶ־Ʊ

1436 ܶ־Ʊ
Ůȣ˵һ֡
̣֮ȴĪֳǡ
ʧߵŮȿ벻˸ϵˡ
ι׼ȥģ
֪ʱֵϣ˽ĵĸ㣬ŽĺڤҹһҪȥ
͵үйϵô
аĪĹϵƶľУƶǷǮǡ
Ƿծ˵ʮֺˬΪܷΪ١
ǽŮȵ֮ȥǺúһ棬ˣƶ֮꣬ǼʶһǶǵķ
סһ£
ľԼбҪһЩϵôʡ
һǽŮȵ飬㣬ߡ
ڶҲҪ㾡֮꣬ʱ䣬һЩǮǣҿҪϢġ
ĸ֪ǸŮȵ飬֪ԭίҲ¶
˵ձǰǶǣģûйϵ
ι⻰˵ľͲˣŮȿˣΪһĪ⣬ƶŮУ˭Ǯǲǡ
˰֣߽˵Ļû˻ǮˣοһľҲֵǮ
ˣ͵үɥǮˣ˵ľֵǮʯ޷üǮġ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĵĻСѾͷ͵ľϵʯ
ΪŮСҲ˳ϲҡ
ڤҹң
ָһı鿴ڤҹ
һ˲䣬һǿĺǵصϮħĪֳǳˡ
ƶ˵˵ѣƶСҲû˵㡣
һϴĵһ㣬ǣߵ˸ǣˣ˭æͲæѣ
ɾڴʱһĸ𣬻ص֮䣬гŵ֮޷ݡ
ŷ̧ͷĿ⿴Դķ
ʱ򷴶Ц
ǾǲæҲðˣŮƺˡ
İ˿Ϸ¶
Īֳǳǽϣֻ߳һŮӡ
ŮǾɫһ˫һɫףŮӳ˫ţ̲
ŸȻĪֳǵİһڵϣڰУֻһһɫϢǵɢŮʳɾ
ҵ죬˵ŮרʳΪǿ߾ôô߲ˣ
ģڤҹӵĿǰһĻ̲ϵѾʳ˾ǵ޹֮ˣڱʳ֮һʬһ㵹ɳ̲ϱĴڰߵĺ˾ߡ
û뵽ƶ֮ۼ˵еŮȣ
ôүŮһβ֮Եô
ĴȤһٵ
˻죬ƶǳˣŮ֮Ѿ˵ˣƶôȥһŮȡ
в˵ŮȳûƯ
ڽڤҹվڳǽϵʱŮѾ֪˵Ĵڡ
̧ͷһӿˣһĨǵЦ⸡ڴǡ
˵ˣ㽪ĿŮɫЦݶĶѡ
Ҫ˶᲻һȢ
һĻ䣬㿴һħûɵĳֱĴŮȵ档
ħŮһѪӿŸոʳľһӻɢ
ŮûзӳҲһ
Բۣڤҹʲô֣˵Դ׾ͳԴףοԷǸԡ
ֻȢΪһˡ
úúãҷ˵ˣ
ڤҹԴˣŮȵĴס
ùŮԼΪɶ˶֪
ɫѪҺŮȵ˿ʶΪˣżǿһ˿ڸڻ£ת֮ԶȬ
ǣʱŮȵ˿ڻɫѪҺûϵ
Ϲħ񡣡
ŮЦţ˿Լദ˿ڣһ̧ͷڤҹ
ǿˣΡ
һһâֱŮȣǹâγɵ͸ɱ⣬ȵŮȵ塣
ķڶָĹؽ졣
ˣƾ㣿
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
һ뽪ĺڤҹ˱һȫľ룬ΪԼǾ仰ĸ˵ˣᱻĨɱ
࡫
ſˮŮȣǾЩŸճͱ˳ģ
Ǻǣ˵û
˵Ůֲ̧ŴǵѪδǰĽĺڤҹ˶κε
ĪҪŭΪۡ
ʱ˿̣ڤҹֻŰοĵŮ˵ʲô
Ϊһ˵ġ
ߣΪɶҪô˧˵˰ɡ
ǣΪˣΪӦóĿ㷽ų˲ٸ㣬׻ʳֻθʹˡ
вɣ
Ŵ죬һ㵵ĿŰοŽĵڤҹ
ôɶ˵ˣÿɶڤҹΪɶ޵ߵϴ
˵飬ɳ赽˷ָĵز̫ɥʧˡ
ιĪֳʧٵǲɵģ
ֺηֺη
౻ˣɫѪҺһأŮüͷȫ͹˵ʵ
УϾС
ȻʧٵߺŮйϵҲĥĥ˵ʲôˡ
ǰʲôô

仰ʱŮЦ
ЦųҲŲ
ǹļ̳ߣ浱Լ˱ô
һӣֻмʮӰ˳Щ˲˹Ķʧٵǡ
ЩѾΪһ߾ʬ⣬ŮȰڲ
СҲǰʵʵĴڳǽϡ
Ŀڤҹʾ˱֣Ů֮ս
һԾɳ̲֮ϣĸļʮܣһȭȥһܵڵɢ
ǽϣһȭһܵĽģһתͷ˿ڤҹ
ǡƽʱҲôô
ڤҹеЦ֮ʱ֪Լ⻰ˡ
ʮܽڽĵȭͷ£ʮ֮Ůȣ˫ָ󣬷еЦ쳣ɭóǽϵֲ嵽˭ǻˡ
զоŮǸķˣʮĻħ۸أ
еЦԽŨңһӣһƬɫëС
з֮𣬿ԷһУ˻ɻҽ
ôһƬССë˵˱
ŮԾʮֵĿģֻҡͷ̾Ϣ
ɶʱ򻹿񣬾Ͳܷϴô
֪ô˵һ仰ܶ־ԲƱơ
ɫëâһ洵ŮȣŮ֪֮ʱѾˡ
ܷ֮ٻؼһħֻҪմȾվꡣ

1437 ˳ϲ

1437  ˳ϲ
ŮȣţӵĶ˾Ƕ
ǣҲӲ֮
һɱа˱Ļ֮ȻаħĿǡ
ó֮֮ʱŮȵɫˡ
ô֮𣡡
ĲǿЦ֮ѾӺɫë֮зɳҹɫ֮пֻһĨɫĻ棬ΪƬ棬Ůϵʱ˲ȼȫ
һŮȣ˺ѷεĲҽص֮䡣
ң
Ůȸߺ֣֮һȼ޷ֻеȱɵ˻ҽɢ
ˣɫ֮£һĨɫĻҽŷ紵ɢƮںг׵׵ʧǰ
˵ʵҲû뵽֮ΪȻôǿ󣬵˵ۿ˷ʹ֮𣬵Էųʱָо޷ݡ
һ仰˵û֮Ļչһ档
ŮȾôʧˣûзӳǿı죬㱻֮
ʧȥŮȵĿƣĪֳǵİ𽥻ָǶãĿű˴ˣ֪ʲô飬֪ԼΪʲôں̲ϡ
˳ϲҰ
վڳǽϣüͷһҡͷ
Ǿ仰ΨŮСҲʦûƭŮһ˻˵ʲôħˣԷҲմ
һʼ̫仰˽ģĲ仰˼
߰ɣҿɲȥˣһֳָʲô߰ĶˣҪ˷һ֮𡣡
֮һʹΣΪŮȣʧȥһλᣬڻʣΡ
ǣڤҹ֣˵˾Ҳڶ˾
ɶ
ƶľأʯɹصĺܣ˵ˣƶǷǮô
߶ʮһϥڵϣһƤӣҲˣô˼ˣǺúһƶǺͷϣ񲻰װ׳һˡ
ղźŮȿϹħĸ֣ɵãĿڰڤҹϡ
Ϲħô
һѵõ
ڤҹ˵˾ǰ۹ǣⲻ֪ʱҹɫ֮л߳Ӱ
һϮɫ˫ָϸӿŽʧеľЦ쳣ᣬֻûһ˿һ¶ȡ
վڰ³ĺüͷ˿ϻҽĽڣŮȱ֮ȼմĵط
Щ²ס
ǰӵĲ£мӡ
ʱӿ˿ڣǴԣȪˮһ㣬ȥеķꡣ
籾ΪβŮô
ûջĬӵ⡣
֮һǱŮȣҲˣϹħ˵Ȥ
ӵԾǾʧķһ˫ɫһ˿⡣
ȥķǡ
ף
һʧںҹ֮Уֻ°ɺ紵š
ģȤȤ
۹ԵĪֳǳǰ۹ĶٶҲҪһµʱ䡣
ǲҲҪӡ
ڽ˵ھϵÿһ춼Ǽ尾
ʹһ֮ˡ
˫̤ڴϣŽ̤ʵصĸоʵĿĵһ±ֱջҪһӵˡ
ջУһӵɫʮֵۣʳȣӵ˼ֱĲҪҪģɽĺ˳Եǽһ㡣
ꡪ
ֱܲԣƹֱպԣϴϴ
µζôĿ
һֻʣһܲˣİ˫ϵĺֻܲҪҺͱˡ
׻˵úãк֮£ŮʩԲƶΰѣ
ҪӽƤӵһܲʱ򣬽һ˺ܲ
ߣк֮£ûУ
꣡
һҧźܲϵıǽһ̣ֱʿˮ
ھϺеʱ䣬ִԵĽĺˣ´ʱ򣬿ϵĲݶ뾾ҧڡ
ôʶҵ˰ҿǵһ塣
ܲֻܿĿŽĳԵһܲһſˮһŽôʶҵˡ
Ϊ۹һĺң˵ǷޣҺͻźܴĹϵǲƸȨһһĴڡ
ʱУ֪ĺڤҹղ۹׼ȷ˵Ǵղ·Ƶ۹۹׼ǰĻ
Ҳ֪Ƶ۹ʥĻʤߣõǰĻʸ
ȻǰĻһоͺ˵ˡ
ĻǰʸҪҪľĨǷ
˭֪ĲûиľϢʮֱǸСħ
ĻˣһСѾͷûκηӣС˵вһƢûС
ŶҲǸ˵ôĹʱ˺ҵˣǸҽһ彻ҵĳӣʲôԪ
ǽ֣ҳӺԪ
Ԫ
΢΢üͷҵҲʶһЩûһкԪˡ
ҺͺҵҲ죬һᵽ˺Ұʡ
ɣȻˣͽˡ
Ĵ˸Ƿ˯һ顣
һ˯֮ѾϵˣڤҹǵĽϣҹǱһ
ղĻֺƵ۹ׯأһֽˮ
̯ǰһֻ߷ϣͷڤҹòÿ
֪㽪ϴŵūߣڤҹҲԥĿ޽Ůӣû֮һ
ʲôʱġ
ӵŽ뻳ڤҹ۶ǰᡣ
ٺ٣Ҳһ
һߴڤҹϣõϹħߣʵЩŤ
ǽִϵģڤҹȻժ¡
Ϊɿ
ǳ֮С඼ˡ
棬Цǽһǣڤҹֶҹй䡣
ʱһɳҹӵ˿ûм٣ֱײ˹
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Χ˷׷ÿһ·Ͼ˭Ҳ֮£ŵ˿ǲ
űĺһӮ㡣
׷ҸϣӵȺвϵĴߣʱǣŵΪȺӵɢʱվ·ŵԭأ˿ޡ
˿һĻɫɷףҪȥȺӣƾŷ˵ָ޷ӣۿСҪ֮¡

1438 

1438 
ǧһ֮ʣӰ֣ǿĽ罫СӻУײ˽ϣ˱Ʒ
䣡
ɳ۵ײڽϺƥҲɢ˼ӡ
ݳĶ˻ЩΪģڳ֮ʷ׷һ졣
ʲôˣȻסŲű塣
»ǰŭŽġ
ڵϵĽĲδµӣŻܵŵСӡ
û¶ǿʲô
һתһŹâĻſСŮڿ仨ʱ򣬿Ц˳кҲֲ̧۽ǵˮ
æǰڵϣסĳŽߵס
лӾ֮лӾ֮
û¶߰ɡ
ĽСӽǵĸףʾ˿뿪
ʧ֮󣬽תһӣ赲ŵĽ硣
˭ӲСȻŪ
ॣ
һöڵϣİһ˵ӣתڤҹ
˻飬ǻȥɡ
ã˵ô
ûУ˶ӻҡ
ҡҡͷǣڤҹö֮ʧУ»ӺߵĺСүûӦɶѾʧ
飬ҲҪ˭
ǣ
գջ
ʧһϵŻصջŽʵĳЦæ˰ֱʾԼס
ɱϹ룬ƶǳˣûȥַ֮ء
Ŷôǵүʲôҿʲôûء
Իˡϼһһ϶ûгڿջ˭֪Ǹʲôȥˡ
ĪҪƶƶ徻һֻΪħؼ䣬ɲŮɫġ
徻˸᳣ߣ֮үһٶĳԼ˻أڤҹ˵ǲǡ
˿˵仰
֪˵Ĵʱô
ĺڤҹһһϣ˵ٿĪ硣
аүζʮرѲȥԪô
㻹˵һȥ¥ȥԪϢˡ
˵⣬ԼںĹ뽪ڤҹ˵˸
ͺҵһЩҲʶϾҵ汲ҲĻǸˣʱҲҪи㣬кſݱȽϺð¶
ǰҵʱ򣬾á쳣Ĺ죬ҵ˵ԭˣоÿһ˶һƵġ
ԭĺҶүŽ̸ԭԸˬĺүȴηηС󣬺үǴһʮ˱˸ǻֹЩ
㵽ʤö٣ݵĹҲ޾ɡ
ƶ˵ΪֵȮͷֻһսȺʨ
˵˵ţн鳶˹ϣ˵Ȯȴèһſڵһ
ʵ벻ףҵ˵ôˣΪʲôôı仯ء
үҵı仯Ҳģֻ֪Ԫ
ҵı仯ûκιϵֻ֪ԪʲôطȻö彻Ԫһоͽ֮ǰĻס
˵׺͵һʱĻ
ңھеʱ棬Ҳӳ˿Ϳ֪ղ۹𣬴۹ȵȼҵʥǱһһŮ˵ߡ
ɣһһŮǵ׶ˡ
ôƶҪ˵Ҹûˣô
ܺұ仯쳣Ĺ죬ʺҵļ֮µĳϣûкԪˣõͳһشǺҲûнԪˡ
Ѳ˼Ǵôûɰ
ĲܰԼĶӵֶǴ
᲻Ѿˣ
ӦãҺһ˼Ҳͬҵÿһ˳ʱƣҿÿһ˵֣Ѿʹˡ
ΪԷһҲȥ˺ҵԾûкԪơ
ܲǸˡ
ӦûԣƵ۹۹ϳΪĶǰĹҲкҵˡ
ǰ֮ǰ飬ʲô⣬Ϊö̤֪ҲȻãɺȴûкԪˡ
Χһ׼Ź
ʱջ汻ڶٱΧΧʵʵˮйͨ
վڿջĶīһ̤ϣһֳ彣ָſջڵķŭ
˸ţѾΧˣҹɱһԹŮ
īɵص˶У쳣

1439 浥

1439 浥
ֵīɵ޲µǶƵġ
⿴ֵҲԽԽ࣬ǰв֪ôһ¶ģ֮˶¶ġ
ҹнֵīɺĺСү˭ܵյ㣬ǱϾǷֵҹжֵûлعдӵײ
ʱһϮµӳ֣ӣҪȻӶȻ֮¡
ôһ˵֪Ҳ˹һջСУΪ˵ľһ춪ʧӡ
Ůһʱ䣬ҪٲĻͽ˽ջΪƽأ㲻ϲôҪʲôܾȵջˡ
īɣǵʺʵ۵ĵڶӣ˵ܻʵ۳谮Ȼ˵ӡ
ҹĵضαСү쭳Ҳֻжܸɳˡ
ˣӷǵûз˼ԼĹе𶼹޹˵ϡ
Ҫڻʼңīͱ˸˶ιˡ
ȻЩҲֻˣ˵ڣϾŭ˻ʼǿҪնʾڵģǿɻûء
վڿջǰīеĳָſջķ򣬴ţ˵һ仰㿴ջ߳ˡ
һģˣһһɫͲǵˣһɱİŮӡ
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ⶼɶʱˣôҵģҪǰҪ
˵Ҳڳ˵Ļһ֮£Ůӷǵûˣ֮ƥϱǸӡ
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һʾԼһϵûУʲôҽĺڤҹ˲ס

һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĵĿ⿴īɣңĿīɴĵ淢ë
˶࣬ʲô
´ĹٱһˣͲͨı첻ɣο񾳵и֣Ӷѡ
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ˣ
Ҵ˺ʵλòϷʾ⽪ĿԶˡ
һڰ˵Ĺٱڽǰɲ֪ôģûɵĶֻٱŵĳ׷׵ڵϡ
֪ʲôô
ǵЦŨңÿһĿҪɱһѹģв־壬һϥĹڵϸ׳Ƴ
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֪ᷢƵǶԶˣܸӦŨҵѹ
СѾͷΪڲ֪ˣĽʺް
ĻպĵˣһɽǰĪֳһΪħؼ䣬һҲҪܷʲôԵԼͣͲǰΪõ
ű˵ΪǣԼΪԾԭ̤ް޵ץ
˿һҪСѾͷǳɶΪǵô죬ǲǱʲô鵤ҩˡ
ߣϹţһߣīѾǿѹѹſ˵ϡ
˵īҲ˷ѣô˵Ҳǻˣɱ˷鷳¶һѡ
Сӣ֪ôŽƨ
վīǰ翴һ㣬ĻԷַҪīɵûɱ˵˼
ʲô֣1
˫īŬ̧ͷĵŽĵ֡
ˣ浥һڡ

1440 Ũа֮

1440  Ũа֮
Ŀһſڵ޷īɣЦţ㲻ǰ˺ڤҹ뿪˿ջ
ԶӶصĵطæ˳ڶ֮
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۹ĶīɼһˣŹһȦãûжɱҪȻĽձīɵļա
뿪ջ֮˺ңԭڳԷʱıһܲʱǰң˵Ԫûںҳֹô˵Ҫ廹˲ǡ
ҵ֮Ǳ뿪ǣǰĻɽĻ
һȴīɸ顣
ǰҵ֮󣬺ҵĹܼ˳һº͵Цݡ
үλǣ
Ŷƶѣܺ˵ίҰ¶Ǽô
κҼкһˬĴүǣڲ֪ΪΣһֺǲĸо˵˻Ǹˣôء
һʱҲʵݴĸоǲԾˡ
ڹܼҵָ£˽˺ҡ
۹ĵһ壬ҵݻ̶Ȳһ˵
ҵĽֵ͵Ľˮլӣÿһ޽ĽĶˣש߶нġ
ȻĲЩȽýĺǺҷӵ涼һɫСޣС޵޹غģûӣһɫϵ¡
ʲôõģ
شµİɫޣܼһعͷ޵á
Щ޶ƽõģ룬鷿ȺŸλ
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΢΢ü̧ͷ˿ڤҹֱЩһ࿴ȥô򵥡
鷿
ҵļλϣŲ豭ƮʱʱĿ棬ʲô˿־Ķʱػᴳһй򶨵ģ˽̸š
ҼĹһҵǰǽԪġ
˵ţһӣһöϣܼ͵˺ǰ
ʱ򣬺һܿı㽫һĨ۵ס
ԪүҲʹںԪ飬Ҳû˵Ĵڣ֪λǲҴˣ
Ǳ㲻ˣʱĹУҵһֻǰ۹ĺңһö彻ĶӺԪ
ظĹʧ֮ǰС
ճ˵ǻһ˿Ļ꣬˻ļǵԼӵִ֣Űʱ䣬ҵ˶ߣܻ֮ãкԪˣȻôȥ
˵ˣʲô⣬Ҳض֪Ԫ֣񣬺ҵÿһ˺ƶʶԪһᵽԪʱ򣬽ע⵽˺峤۵׵һĨ־塣
ôҪлλǺԪĸϵĶӣǱ峤ҵ˺ԪȻһö彻ˡ
ʱһ˷ŵİɫޣϸɫ޻ڶ죬ԭڰɫ޵滹ϵһö紵˶ϡ
ɫˣ峤ЩҪȥ㲻λڸòˣͿͣ
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ڤҹں뿪鷿
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Щİɫ޵ʲôܸоаɭɭġ
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˵Ҫõԭ֮ʱüͷҵ׷ʲô飬ȻҪõ˲̵ֶΣ
ˣϾǱ˼ҵ飬Ȼ嶼Ѿ͵ˣûκιϵˡ
ǾȥĻɽɡ
ȥĻɽ·ƶ찡ƶ·Ȼ·ѻҪġ
֪ĺڤҹҪȥĻԣŷҪ׬ǮϾǷ½ĺöˣܿһһ㡣
ߣͷүˡ
Цţתߡ
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ȻǲСӣֻζö˾ЩӦ
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үȾȺңȾүү
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һٶŪסˣʾ仰е˼ʲô
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ҵˣѾǺҵˣǱħռĿܡ
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ͽеʣһе黹ҪӰǰ˵
۹Ƶ۹۹ȵ齨һӢŶӣǰĹ̽գҪõĹеĻ飬ĹеԨħ
ǣ;ȴ˱ʣȥ˵ˣֻ˻Ѿķ񲣬ǵĹзʲô顣
Դˣ̽ĹϾҶ۽һ֡
ԴĹ鷢֮۹ĺҲΪ鷢˱硣
ǰĹĺԭΪۣǺҵţͳΪǿߣϲķ壬һŮʶֱ֪మ
ǣбһа壬յ塣
ҵܣҲҪԼİŮһ
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ĹΣգǰֻ˷ĻȻҲĹС
ͲŮӵĺҽеնйϣִĥʱŮѾۿžҪΪ˸е̥Ůҧĥƽ˺ӡ
ΪҵţΪҵĳӣĺ˳ӦóΪҵĳõӦеҫ
һ꽻ӵҹ峤˴Ů˺ӣҵŮӵǰӵ˾档
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ܵĥܵĺһͨͨŮԼ˹ҹɱ˺ʮ˵
Ůɱʮ֮ʧ
תۼʱȥѾ飬Ǽ֮ǰҳֹ£ҲòǵĴ˾һ
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ҲΪκҳﺫڴֵԭ͵͵۲캫ҷүҲð
Сӣô֪֮ǰ飿
ڹµĿŶȣıŻɵ̬ȡ
ǰֻʮ꣬˲ʮ꣬ô֪ǰ飬˵С
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ҺҵĳﺫнξҲ֪ġ
ⶼһе鶼ģҲǺԼ౨ҲӦóĺˡ
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ĶûбҪϡ
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ʱںҵһ紵ıɭɭģок˫۾ڶһ׼ʱصҧ顣

ɫޱ紵졣
ˣһ˲䣬һɫӰԼٶʧǰ
ǰ죬ɺȴޱȣļŮ֮⣬˶ͣڷУŷš
ꡪ
һһʱ֮˴꣬УֵĳһӰ
ӰѪɫĳоźɫֽɡ˳źɫֽɡµʱ򣬵ڵϵˮѪ
ôŻҵþˣΪʲôҡ
˻תŮݵʱ򣬵ԭء


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εĺŮǰ֣Ұ׵ĸ׵գһ˫ɫ۶ǰԹ
Ϊʲôô뿪ңҵþã㻹ǲǲҪˡ
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ҵЩ棬˭ѽͽ¡
ϵЦҪôİԾжôİԣþ֮УаûɵĺŮαضĪĹϵҪȻΪôôС

棬Ǻ氡
ھԼСܣ̧ӺҵĲ۽ǵˮһģ
ʱżȽ˺ҵ֮ƶԻ˵
˵Уڤҹ߰ɣĺˣ˼һ顣
˵ţתߣɲȻæקס˽ĵ䣬ڤҹĿע£ּæջ֡
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ϣү˵Լնôզֳδء
ЦķŤ
ƶǵˣֲǺУ˵ˣǰѰȻĺôȴ꺫ҵ֪ɶƶ㣬¡
У˵ġ
ֱ߽ģ֮һ쳣ʵĹ¡
ȻͣˣͰһæ˺ˡ
Ũصа֮
ںҵĲħϢа֮˵ʱ˿̵ĺҾһȾףۼħаϢȵֵϢһ
׻˵úãɻ˶
ֲ¶󣬽תͷĿ⿴Զˡ
ŻĳȴѪһƬʱŹĲһسŽ

1441 ǺӲδ

1441 ǺӲδ
ùָ޷·ơ
գһɫĳְɫɥ֮ʱеİɫϵѪγĶԱȡ
һǰֽŶֳ۶ȣ·֫ߣ˫֧ߣ֮쳣ˡ
˫ĿŽ߽İӣһӣһڰӵϣֻһ˵ǻƿڵһѡ
ԭ̯ڵϵİֻƸ޷ݡ
⡭ⲻǺҵүô
ԼĻ棬ҵү۷ĸ֣ôӡ
ɣΪĺүѾˣʮң󻹱ľżһĿܡ
Ѿȥĺүǰţڤҹָ΢һү˲䱬ѣѵķѵǡ
ը֮һֻɫĳӴӺүͷ­˳һĻķθЩ³
ô
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лŵһһĸɽɽ֮ƺֵӰӡ
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ûп˵ɫɫһ֡
Ѳɺ峤뿴ô

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Ҫ֪Щ֮влǮƣиɵҩķĴ߷Ϊ߾ߣķ
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ŮϵĻȻ˵˭֪ŮڿʱŵæӴܣΪ˱ʳŵ˺֡
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Ŀϣбһ˿ϣ
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ܺҵ飬򣬻Ǿ仰ҵûһǮĹϵŲһ¡
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ŽĵҵдȣȻҲẫ飬˭úСһ޹ġ
ԹƶԴһ仰峤Ӧ
ź˵ǾԩͷծǷծǮɱ˳
飬Ҫ۵ģƶ񲻷֮ˣ˵ѾͶ˵ңһһ⺴ħؼ䣬Ƿǲ֮
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ʱˣ㻹˵ʵôûкԪˡ
У걻ӽ˾С
ĻѾ˵һУԪŮĺӣǺĺӣҲǸոճñ㱻ˮе޹Ӥ
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ڽļ뿪ҵʱ򣬶һԵĹܼ׷
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ܼ󿴿ֱֿȷΧûʲô֮뽪ĺڤҹһͬ˶һҪ顣
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ܼ־˺ӣ͵˸壬ӽһĵĴҸһʲСĸѣö˴źԶԶ뿪ǣжԶ߶Զ
λǧͼ˵Ǳ֪ˣû˲Ҫ຦µ˼ˡ
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1442 û뵽

1442 û뵽
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ڽĿǰٲǧٲǵǶˡ
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ĺڤҹֵʱһˮǱôĿˡ
Ѿͷˣǽͽͣƶɲʲôз֮ˣƶһ°
Ļ˳ݵĵˣʲôʱ¹񲻽ѹΣһԩɱ˷ίƹĺܡ
ôĵһҲżĿڤҹߣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ȽĿ˵ηķЦ
ٺ٣ӻûô־СǣСӣĪ֪ʱ޶רӹô
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ĸһһоٳֵ֤
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ƾʲôΣ׼ô
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1443 ǹٱ

1443 ǹٱ
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ҪǾԼþø˵һȥڤ硣
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ƫƫīɼǳԲǴҪǽģʲôƢ˽ô
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1445 ҪǮ
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ȻƶҲϽһƤɰƻ£Ҳ뽪ԩ԰ɣοյļƻСѾͷġ
òڤҹһϵץ˵ļƻǽģ˼ƻСѾͷҪġ
һߣŮĽΣīɣһǰһ߳żܡ
ˣҪϢ
ǲɵ㣬ϣ۸Ӱ
ĺ뽫īɵԴһƴɣҲǳ۹Ļ壬ǳڱ˼ǧˡ
꣬ˣ
еֱ֪˺ڰϢǶڼʶǵһһ
ôû֣
Ϊ
˵һ䣬Ųűַ塣
ƾ㻹Ҿ塣
ЦţѲźڰеÿһ䡣
ڴʱӰڻ԰֮УŮһϮ£ģ뽪˿ɫģҲڤҹһģһǣϵϢȴǸԺͱᲢ۵ġ
īɣû뵽ô󣬾ȻţȻˣ·
˵ţŮӳǰһƱ㳯īɻȥһƼīϵʱεĽһ㿪Ůӵʽ
׻˵úãѻǣīɿ㻹۹ĶӣôʵðƻôǲϹ
ʱ㻹ðƻһһôֱ޷˵ҪɱܱĳŹˡ
īۿΪǽԵݵһϷ룬뿴ĵΰʯͷԼĽš
ɵĽľ󣬶˺Լǰһʱ䣬īЩˡ
һˡ
µĴźҹɢ΢ɫϢŮɣˡ
˵˵ɣΪʲôҪҵģĹͷȫֱۣɱˡ
ģ
īתͷһŭ˷ֲԼһô
ԭǽģô˵ϹħҲӦڸˡ
ŮӱҴݣһ˵ںҹ֮С
֪ڸҲһ£ҺЩƺûʲôԹα徻
ĪֳɱŮȣŮȿ峤ϵãͷȥҶҲý
Ůӵָ˱ݺɫɫĳȹŵױݣһ˫ҹһӶŽġ
ΪīˣΪ۹ī뽪ڤҹ˶䣬˭֪˫ǵûд֮һ¡
һĻŮҲ壬Ϊ
ô˵ɱǵģɱǾֱôõ˷ЩʱˣĻֶô
Цţ˫ֶż򣬶ʱڤҹҲ˳ߣӶϱŷϢǶһ޶κ˶Ч²ġ
˰ϢǣʣµĽΪͺˡ
Уŵ㣬ϾǱ˼ҵĵ̣Ū˹ƻҪ⳥ġ
ҪǮ

1446 Ԫ

1446  Ԫ
νҪ⳥Ǹʧɾ͵òʧˡ
Ͼûȱ㣬
ֵǮĶСǣڿ˵úܡ
˶֣ȳ׼ڤҹһ
һ˲䣬ɫĻ泯ڤҹ˹ڰУٶ֮죬ֻģģĿӰ
֮ϵĸ֣
Ӿ˾˿֪ˣҲ˸Ǹ֣һħ֮ϵУ˶ȹӣ֪
ȻҲҪ˭
ڤҹϹħǿĴڡ
Ŀ˵Ǹ֣۹Ƶ۹粻۹ȵȵ۹ǰĴڡ
ɼˣĳԼ򲻹ڤҹ
˵ˣڤҹͽĶֻ֣бķݶ
˶ħ֮ϵߣٶ֮죬ڤҹȫСƵĶ
һںŮӳɲǼ䣬ڤҹ֣׼ݵץס˺ŮӵľֻҪ΢΢һܽԿŲ飬촦
Ҫ糺죡
˼ͬ鱻ץסŭ˹׼ڤҹо½糺Ůӡ
Ǿ仰ԵϹħڤҹһĸ֡
˳ʱڤҹһӣһǿ˻ɣݺݵײڳǽ֮ϡ
յǰͷűڤҹڰеŮӡ
ҲʲôˣһĻᣬңָʹǰɱҵǸ˳Ͻʲô֣Լʲôƻ
Ůӱڤҹž޷Ϣڤҹɵ˲һγǰƴ糺
ߣҪң
糺죬Ҳߡ˵Ҳߵģ
۶ٴζһֻбſµķݶ鿴ĽĶҶˡ
Ҫ֪ʲôǿϷСһὫҪ֪鶼ǡ
ԣģ
糺뵽յĻ棬֪㲻ô޴壬Ҳᱻץסľɽ
ΣǲľɽΣ֮С
ߣߣ
糺죬ҲһˣֻҪܷСʲôԡ

վڤҹߵĽüͷΪëһĻоڤҹأǸаŮĴ
ȿȣɱҵ˳˭
¬ӣʮ֮һѾ̤硣
Ӻг߽Ҫɱǵ˳ϵֽ¬ӣʮϣѾ̤Ƭء
ΪһСõģ
һСģ
ĸֵʱЩԼĿˮǺ
ۿһĻŽ˵ĻһСĿ̫Сˣ֮𶼳ˡ
ɰɣӦǵ¶ҲҪǲȥ¬ӣȶִ˵⣬ҲŶ֡
װ׵ĸӣɱŮȵԵɡ
ڤҹɡ
Ůӵõɣ˼ǰŮӻڻУڶ׼ȥʱ򣬽ĽסŮӡ
һ£ûء
㷴ˣ
Ĺ죬û¶
İһۣŮӵϡ
糺죬СС񣿡
亰糺֣Ϊ̫ĽС֡
糺û˵Ҳ֤ʵ˽ĵĳ롣
ղຣСׯ԰ɡ
ô֪
糺˫۲ĿŽģǰŮΪʲô֪ԼղຣߵСׯ
Ͷˣһᣡ
ڽָзһᣬİһö˳Ӹ糺졣
ĸǽģʱղ䶼ǣҴһûн糺Ůӡ
ĸ֪糺죬ȥղ飬糺˫һö壬еˮϵĵš
ס
ѾܴˣĲᣬʱĻȥһҲ˼ҵһ׮Ը
һһ룬û˼ҵͶĻ˹ȥ
糺죬Ҳǳ˼ҵĶɡ
ղຣߵ糺Ϊʲô۹ҳΪˣһ˷ѽ⣬ȻҲҪȥ˽⡣
ĸ׵ϣҽղɱ㣬´ΣҲˣһûڣϽʧڡ
ɢĿڤҹ࣬ĴŹǷۿɫӵĺڰȺúõ˯һɡ
ˡ
Ϊȥ
Ҫ㱳ңٺ٣С£
˫ֹڤҹĲӣſڤҹıϣһ˵ĳ˳Ҫ
ڤҹεЦţתͷſԼϵСŮˣĹıӡ
ɾΪΪˣΪ۹׾٣Ϊ򳪸СΪĲ֪ʲô
԰ҪҸ㳪һСʱܳҵġ
ſڤҹϵĽĳĸŮ֮Ƚİ飬ĽȻ˵ϿЩ¶ǣڤҹϲ
ŽʧеĶˣӰŵī˳
㿴˰ɣħ֮ϾҶ˲µ˱ڤҹɻ֪ϹħΪԶԶǵ󡣡
£īɵļһĨζʧò΢Цīתͷ
ӣú
ôῴīڿĵʱ֮еת䡣
һΣյźţ۹Σյľٶ
ڤҹеֻڽһˣ˶Խ㺣ϹħĴɲһܳܵġ
ˣī㣬ҵô
īɵˣ֮ǰǵúίУ񺫼ҶӣΪ۹ľӦе顣
޾֪Ҫ飬հ˵Ҳ١
ôôҪ˵
һī㣬ҵ鵽ɶñܵģһҪȵ˵
˸ȥŮΣīҲصԼĹ
ӰУһŰ³˳˿īɵʱϸֳȤЦݡ
ɲǶյķ񡣡
Ԫʲôʱˣ㻹˼Ц
ҲңֻǷһսʮ־ʰˡ
ߣɣȥϢˣʶҪϵʱԼȥͰɡ
˸Ƿīɽ˹ʧҹɫ֮С
գ鷿
緹ĽĺڤҹקԼ뵽鷿
ʱ鷿ڣ֮⣬жīԼһӡ
ӿŶЩ죬ȷԼûм
Ȼ˶ˣޱ˵һ˵ҵɡ
Ŷ
Ҫ˵ҵ鰡
Ԫ˵˵ҪΪʡ
ǣ£
ӻվֹĳŽڤҹ΢΢˵ͷ
۹Ĵ˾ҲǶλҪҵĺԪ
Ԫ۵Ķӣ
ɣ۵ĶӾȻ۹Ĵ˾

1447 廹ϵ

1447 廹ϵ
Ԫ۹Ĵ˾ҲǽһֱѰҵĺ֮ӡ
ֲãֲÿźԪʱܾһ˿˿ϤĸоԭǺ۵Ķӡ
˵ԪôΪ۹ļ룿
ĲĿźԪֽĿīϣһ뷨Ժ֮С
Ѳɺ֮ԱͺԪԼеĹϵ
СѲؾȣ޻ô˾һе鶼СȻ֪е֡
īʾ⺫Ԫ˵е飬ǰŰ³ӻڣȳҵǸʱοʼ˵
ԪĴһر⣬Ҳеһӡǣĺһʱ򣬱̸ĸļ䡣
Ԫ֮󱻺ˮĸױ˷˷ĹںҺһ飬Ԫļǵá
꺫ҵĹܼҴˮн𣬲͵µĴи֪պĺһľ
Ԫ˻ص۹ʱȻҪΪԼĸĸ
ʱ򣬱۹ĵī㡣
īΪ۹ľҲѾʣҲǴǰĺҡ
ǣӦ˺Ԫĸúһ
ĺҲκεͻԿ׵׵ĳΪ˻Ŀܣڲ֮󣬻彫׵ļ̳кҵһУҵĴҲʵͻʷ̨ʧˡ
֮еħа֮ҲǳںԪ֣֮⣬Ҳ˺ҵ顣
Ҿ˵ɣֺҵ㻹
İһĵı֤һȺҵˡ
ƶʱҲǲ֪ģοǺ޹İ
֮ԴӦҲǿںϣǺ츳ֻ˺ңǺúĻһǲɶõ˲š
޹ģԪʱҲ޹ģΪүүĺȻܽԼĳˮС
˺ˣƶ֪˻ôǺţƶϣҵǣǺӵϣñһݡ
еıڶ֪ʲô˼ɺѾΪģЩ˾ȡԹñˡ
ĺںǺӣ硭
үΪ˷ֹ̤ϲ·ǺӺˣ˵ˣһ¼ҹˣҪиźð
ĴȤЦţһī㣬īȻ֪仰е˼ΪΡ
С˵Ĳʦ֮һ˹¿꣬ͽܵĻҲһˡ
һī˵֣һʮֲõԤС
Ȼ仰˵꣬ӺԪתƵεϡ
үǴӦǣεһһʮĸңǵүʧš
СѣʦүδҲʦǵүĲ˵ҲܱǣСʲôĵط޿Իش⡣
ĺīһһϣһѻ
ǻҪлˣΪүʦδޣʵ˲⡣
СĪҪ⣬㡣
ī˵Źεݣһδޣһʦ
ʵɣʼҺͶһ˶µԼҶкӣö˽ΪֵܣҶŮӣΪ
һһŮĻö˽Ϊޡ
һԭУҲۣں˪۹һָĴ壬ΪҵĳӣСչֳ˹˵츳
Ҫ֪ҵĳӲʹˣҳ࿡˼˵ףƫƫǾŮУһֻΪ
̤𾳽֮Ӯʥ֮սǰĻʸ
ĻһʾѵŮӣΡ
ʱĶ˭Ҳ֪˴˵ݣ֪˾ǶԷδδޡ
˵ӶǼΪҪǿ֣ԺԼһ֮ʱҪ£գ˴˸ģ˭˾ҪΪһ˵ͽܣԶӮʦ
˵ʵΪĻʱԸڶεģʱڱĹ֮Щ׷ɱ˱ȴ˶Ρ
Ǹسŵ֮ˣʲôԭ򣬼Ȼ˱Դտʼʦʦ̵ĽΡ
ֱ˻ص˸Եļ壬˫ļ߻飬ȲҪԷһ棬˵ԼϲԷʱ򣬶˿˱˴ˡ
ĵ˳ͬһУ֪Էݵʱһ޷ݵڿУȻΡ
һֵҵģĻദʱ棬˫ڱ˴˶˶ԷӰӡ
ҺͶô᲻֪ԼŮĵУһԲϴ˭֪˫ôĽ׼ҡ
ԭΪϲ֮»ҺͶϼףɾڳɻǰһ죬˹˶ңΪ˱ҵˣľԼһ˿Ϊ
߲ݵĸϵҵʱֻһźɫµʧǰ
ʱ˷ħ״̬УѪɫ˫ڻ˺䡣
ʱҲֳҲΨһһοЩħĻ档
īʱĳ棬ΪҪֻأĻᱻԼħգ̤ħ
ʮˣɱˣѪ˫εĺɫ£֮鲼֮䡣
ε˳Ľֻ֮УҲΪԶ޷֮ȥجΣΪеĽ١
ô꣬ΪѾԵǲеĽ٣ԭ̤ǰ
ʵҲΣ޻ص۹ûʦߣҲʦһôˣڱҵĽַ
㣡
һЦţһĨ⡣
һжƶԭƶٿһЩϵңҲˡ
㻹ǷŲʦ𣡡
īε̾һˣÿÿ˵µʱ˵ɫ
谭ΪҲִ֮С
ˣ˵ˣǻ˵һºҰѡ
һĨɬЦ⸡ڴǣӲת˻⣬Ҳֻա
Ҳûûûεĵ˾Ȼ˱ҵĹۿδʧǰΪһֱԺǻɢ

廹ϵˣеִҲֻԼˡ
ңһѾڲļ壬ջᱻ棬ʧ۹ʷС
Ϊһ翵رͼоҴѾûˡ
˵رͼʱ򣬺ԪǰһĲرͼڷǰ
ĲرͼλǱŵù֮ˣɿرͼʲô֮ͬô
һΪرͼɢתͷȥڹ
ˣʲôرͼرͼģ˵Ǹӣһ¶һ£˭˭ȥ

1448 

1448 
ԪҵˣҵҲˣҲûʲô˼ˡ
ĺڤҹڶǰĻɽĻҲһͬصĻ
ҹɫʹĿڤҹĻУٰĵĿҹеǳ
ڤҹ⼸ڤʱܻῴǳоǳΧһզ¶
ΪϣĻ಻ĵطҪһڤҹźá
ϾѾ̫̫õʱˣӦ֪֪⡣
˵̳ڹ񣬶ǳ̺֮ǿҲĳһǳϵÿһǳԼ
ô˵Ҳˣ
һ㣬Ļе㲻Ȼڰÿһ˵ǳǳ֮ʲôط
ˣ̫ˣһЩ򵥵Ϊá
ǲĻ
ĺڤҹĵʱŵһɫӰ˽ĵ⡣
΢΢һ׼ȷĲ׽˺ˡ
Ļ£ڰеӰ˳¹£һɫ˲ǵռٰڤҹô
ô밵ɱң
һΣֻ˵һЩС顣
ӻڣϺɫϢѪʯ
뵽ˣĻһЩ棬糺Ӧ壬ΪʲôΪˡ
˵ˣסڿຣߵ糺Ϊλǧ֮۹
СѾǴǰСˡ
ϻ۾ˣ˵ص㡣
ֽ̫಻ãҪɱԼ˵հǸѾǴˣ˼ҵǲûн˸ˡ
˵ŹС飬˵СδһתΪ˽յˡ
ڿຣߣǶȹӣӶ˵ģڶȹӵʱˡ
СǸĹûûҹչԼСںˡ
ʱһĹȥˣΪһЩ뿪Сׯ
ɧŴׯСòЩ裬һΣСȥߴʱһ˺Ϊ˱Լ
ҲصСׯСѵʬ屻ˮ˰ߣžԼﱻǱһһɱ
˵ģϣôĹȥȹӵ㽫ڵѪʯ˳С棬ϣܲһ
С¸ˣΪ˸ˡ
ˣǲ˽ɵĴڣСҲ֪Լݻ׸ţ뿪СׯҪǰղ۹ıʵǰ˵ĴӪ
Сһˣ۹Żнķ
ԭˣֲСǧ֮۹
ˣһ˱һ㣬Ƕ˾ġ
Ϊ㵱ûɱСл顣
˵ţ˱㽫һ˽ǰһʧںҹ֮Уƺδֹһ
ǰһţĽֽд¬ӵ
ǲж
ֽдŶԶ˵׷ɱҲֶΣСֻ֮һɱ֣Ҳ˵ԴԴϵɱֳ֡
˷ģΪڡ
ڤҹӵŽ뻳Ŀֽϵʱк;
գ۹ǵĸۿڡ
һʳ˵ȵȶΪľںеʱ
ôණܳԵôƶֵһ¡
ȥԼǮȥ
Ļ᲻֪ʲô⣬ʳע⣬ûţ
ι
ڽ׼̤Ͼʱϵīɳǰ
ɶ¶ô
㡣
ҵģӳŵʱǲǱ¿ˣ
һİӵ˽ĵĻУװǸָСԣҶǼΪݻ֡
ǲתӣΪʲôҪôĺóԵģ
ȻϣӮ˱ǱĴ磬ЩǱһ⡣
ŶɣСܵҾˣ
ϵЦīɺ޵ֲܷʲôȷȷʵʵ˱ձԼǽĵСܡ
ټСϵܣú˺ϵѧһѧɵġ
£ת˾
ʧīɵС
ʱڸۿڳīɾȻվ˫ָһĨº͵Ц⸡ڴǡ
Ӻʱıˡ
Ԫ֪ʱīɵ̧ͷʧеľӶȡ
Ƥұ⡣
ûлشԪĻīкɫĹâϵϢ쳣ǿ֮ǰīɸˡ
վīĺԪεҡҡͷĲرͼ
ӺʱȥѰرͼ
Ԫ˿ڣǰīʧӰ٣ռ۹
ֻЩ벻ףΪɱ˽Ծأ
費Ҫ֪¬ӳĪҪ
Ȼ¬Ҫȥǡ
īɵĿԾɿŽʧķ򣬴ǵЦŨһ֡
ģһαһģ˭ʤ˭
ϵĽĸ֪ۿڷʲô飬֪īѾռ
ʱ˿̵ĽںǶ¡
үҪҪƤΪ˲޳ܡ
СѾͷ⻰˵ľͼˣƶ˳ˣŵ˵Ǽȣƶɡ
˵ţһҧȥһڱ˴󲿷ֵļȣĽͷɡ
۹뿪ǰĻɽҪʮյ·̡
мҪͣΣһȺʱ򣬽Ŀ˿ڤҹֿ˿һĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
һ𺽣һֱǰĻɽ嫳ǡ
ܿóмô
ɿϴȺжˡ
ĸΪħ֮С
룬ĸ¬ɱǵģ׶˶ȹӣ
ǵСǾ仰ӵԽԽˣȵеʧһ죬˱㲻ڱ̤Ƭأɱһе顣
Щ۹ںˣʲôڣ
͵ƶˡ
һץ˰ѹӣһǵĿŹӣһ߸ŹӣԼƬ½ĻĹ
˵ںܾúܾǰĻ٣ΪƬĴ½˹ϣ
Ļ߳ˣħø己ϢͬʱĻл塣
սΪǿΪֹ˵ɱ¾þһеϣΪ˽硣
Ҳ˵ҲǴĻ߳ģ
ţʵ廹и֣ߣĻ˵ߵĴڱһ㣬Ϊľɱ¾һ

1449 Ǯ

1449 Ǯ
Ϣ֪ĺ٣˵ʲôߵ飬ܾ˽һܴ鷳
ңϵĸѾһʱˡ
үĸ˾ͽˣ׻˵úãħؼ䣬ĸ˸˽ˣ˵ˣϵ˶ڷ԰ɣ
Ҫǽö֣ʵ˽
ƽһɢģʵΪء
˵仰˵ûƶһܵеùԷĸˡ
ͣҺڤҹ֧ģүһܴùĸˡ
Ļûгֵ˼֮˹ǷΪڤҹĻб۾ʱ磬ȻʱʱĴ򶷵ٵΡ
УһƬɫĻ԰֮У֮ɫ֮⣬ʣµĽһƬɫ
ɫƣɫĻ䣬ɫĲݣ԰еĲǰɫģҶˡ
ڻ԰Уһɵ֮֮ܰ䣬ĶҪժǰɫĻ俴˭ָ֪䴥ʱ򣬺ʲôҧһڡ
һѪڻϵһ˲䣬ѪɫĺۼϵΧȾƬ̵ĹԭֳɫĻ԰˺ɫѪѪġ
ɫɫѪɫɫ֯һ𣬽ĹվԭأоȻ;һǰδеĹµã
ָоԽŪţ֪ΪΡ
֣Żҧָ˿Ѿϡ
ʱһڶߣԵĺܣ·Ȫˮһ㣬˷ȥе
ҿΪһûսûĹȣɺá
Ѱ̧ͷŽ߽İӡ
һɫĳɫ˫֮һ˿ɫĹâ
Ž߽ˣͷȷڼдδֹһˡ
˭
㲻Ҫ֪˭ֻҪӦ£㽫ϲӣʻʳƽ
ߵǰҪḧĵĳȥ㿪
㵽˭
ϲôбı˭Ҳ˺㣬Ӧø˱Ȥ
ЦţǵЦ쳣ȴýз֮ԽŨš
˵֪ǰİӵʲôˣΣյϢԴԴϵıŷţֱ߽ģʲôö
Ǻǣ
ЦţܿȥҪѰξĳڣ뿪
ãҲûҵͻξķʽ֮ǰӸǰץס˽ĵ
ǲ뿪İ취ɣֻҪӦڱߣڱȤûʧ֮ǰ
˵䣬ӿģΣյϢŨҵڶ֮䡣
ڱȤûɢ֮ǰ԰ȻĻš
ôǸˣ㻹治ҵĲˡ
һһӣһذ׳УһӻֱۣʹýĴξ
˻
һѹĽһǾӿֱϻѪۡ
еһУȻģ
ˣجˣ
Ѿҹɫ٣ڤҹŽĻص¥ϷϢǰ׼
ڴߵڤҹ֣زŽĶͷϵĺˮ
Ī£ΪߣĪ£
û¶μǰһЩѣϡ㰡ʲôóԵģ
ڤҹ뷿֮ǰӣֱϵ˿ڣһʲô鶼ûеıڤҹ˫
Ϊ˷ϲԵ࣬ЩɿڵСˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڤҹǰŮӵĶͷ
ϴһ£ˡ
ã
ŽʧеڤҹϵЦɢֱ̧۾ӿֱϵ˺ۡ
ΪʲôеһôʵҡдԼԼһЩֱϵ˿ΪλʵС
벻ףҲΪ˲ڤҹģûи֪ڤҹࡣ
ɽĲ˵ڤҹûзߡ
ӽ뷿俪ʼڤҹ֪һѪȵζ˲˵ġ
룬һжȻجйϵ
һĨ˪鲼ڤҹеĳ˵һ˲仯̳ʧ֮䡣
ûκܹ˺ģûУ
ɶ飿
ս뷿׼ԲȵڤҹıŵĽŲԭأɶ¶Ѳɽĺڤҹˣ
ȫû԰޿ħڤҹ᲻һ䣬Ѿͷ˵ʲôǶԵģǴģڤҹҲǶԵġ
ûгܣᷢʲô飿
ҹɫ۹
ϣſˮǩ˾޶Ƿ֮ǿĻһ׷һȣˣҲ˼ζÿһڳԵǽһ㡣
үĸ˽ô
İɣƶ»вôĸѾƶΪ˾˵Ҳûʲôвˡ
һ߳Էһ˵ŵʱĻ棬ĸ˶ħĸ֣Ǳʲôǣһûзӳȫ
ˣۿŻмյĹ͵ĻɽֻҪ嫳ǵؽ磬˾ǿҲʲô¡
ţ֮ǵĻɽµĻҲ嫳ǡ
Ϊʲô嫳ҲĻǣ
Ͳ֪˰ɣƶ˵֮ԽĻǣΪĻɽµ嫳ǵԭΪ嫳ǵ
ĽĻֽ嫳ǵԭ
嫳һ˵֣嫳ǵڼǲˣǵʱһ޴ֻĻǵİЩ嫳ΪĻ԰İǣԼȫΪֵסѡ
㿴ߵһͭΪ˼嫳ǣû嫳ǵĻԼİҲˡ
Ļ֮Ը嫳ǣΪ˼嫳Ǵˡ
Ŷԭˣ
˳·һֱߣߵĻɽ֮󿴵һɽ·ɽ·ɽſӦûŵƵ۹ʥ֮սĻʤ߾Ϳˡ
ýĺڤҹǰĻɽ
ԭΪģΪ嫳ǵһƣóʱ䶼ûкȹⷼҾƣʵĺܡ
ǸʲôܲܽƶһЩңģǶĻɽˣƶĻʱһӱ
ʱϱ˵һöˣһöͭҶҲֻú޳ܵĺͽĽǮ
ү֪ԼǷǮͳɡ
һӽҽõǮһʧ
ôӴ򹷵ĸо
Ӵȥ޻أܾѹͲỹǮԼ
ûϵⲻǻľϵʯôⶫǸ⡣
嫳ǺǷûιۣҪıǰĻҰĵĵȴ׺͵
׻˵úãɽ˵
ԶĻɽǰҪĻɽҪ൱Զһ·̡

1450 ۿ˵

1450 ۿ˵
֮£ֻڤҹĻУٶշĻɽɽ
ʲôˣ
ĺڤҹڵϵʱŵ˶˵ȥ·
Ƶ۹ʥ֮սʤߡ
ƨ
ŵǵûÿһ·ڳࡣ
ΪӲ֪ƭ̫ͼˣ˵ԼƵ۹ʥ֮սĻʤ߾ǻʤ˲ɣϽӳָǣ
ӵ̬ȣĵһ¡
Ļôţô
λ̨ǴƵ۹ġ
ӻǴղ۹أӶüƭˣûɶʵĻޣ
顪
˵껰һɭħ˲ûзӦô˾˹ȥ
һԵ״ã˵ͭģһĹʮһӵĴ½ڤҹͽΧס
ȥСɵˡ
ӿһ۽ڤҹˣԸȥһ±ơ
»رСɵ֮ʱӰ˫
ħ֮˾ȻҳĻǶ˿֪ʲôط
Сɱ˰һŭҲʽڤҹ˭Ժηһڶ϶ڤҹħ֮ĻҵĻ
ߣĻôһΪʲôĵضԭҲô
һȺۿ˵͵⣬ڴΪĻǺεʥĵطⶼһЩʲôĵ⡣
ССŮӾȻڳĻˣΡ
ǣ
ʮĸһӵϾϻеĳ׼ڤҹˣǰҪץӽΡ
ɣĻΪ߳ûˢӣôĻֵ
ˣһнΪǣΪۣο˽Ӳˬ˶䡣
ðɡ
ɫһ죬ôԼ
˵滰ǱŮ˵ķոĥȥƽʱһԣ⼸ʲôĶһմվ︹ۡ
ǰҲûëԴڵĴս֮ÿ¶ҪһΡ
ڤҹڣҲõʲô
ʮĸĻֵĻᶼûУ㱻ڤҹϱŷħѹ޷һǹڵϻſڵ޷
㵽ʲôˡ
˭ֲʡ
һҵ˱һħɣӦĻᶼûУӲײڴϣһѪӿ
ۡ
вϵӿѪӰ˫ǰ
ˣʲôĴڣΪΪǿ
ɱˣڤҹ˵̫ڼ򵥣ĲϲѪȵζ̼佫Ⱥ˴Ĩɱ
סס֣ҵ찡զ¶ôʹˣ
żܴߵĻǰŵſŵһȺĻԼѪֹ죬ε̾һ
զ𣬵׷ɶ¡
үãа֮봳ĻĻ
ǿվȶ˸״˵ŽĺڤҹĲǡ
ô
ţСʹ
˶̯ڤҹĻУҲΪʧѪĹϵɫЩ԰ס
һԵһȥ֪զ¶ôԴ
Ƶ۹ʥ֮սʤߣʲôаħǲа
Ҳ˶ôصˣżߵǰµĿһ۽ġ
ɶҲ˵ˣƶᴦõģȴСѾͷƶ
ɵҲܿóĲҪľöȰԺ˵Ҳ١
ڤҹŽĸĻ᷿һǽˮ
ڴɫǲҰ׵Ľģڤҹڴߣ˫ָСϡ
Щô
öˡ
ǿЦŽĵůůģģһϮûȺϺˮľ˯˹ȥ
ʼվǵڤҹ֮һУ˵ŷ鶼ᣬȥ
ҲףڤҹǿԼϲûЩ
ڤҹȻĻİĵס¾Уƶȥˣϵʱں˵˵Ļ顣
һ֮󣬱뿪£ǰĻڳǡ
ĻڳǣԶԶأͿ˺үӡ
үӴʱڵֻĵһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
զû˰
զģܻĻҲɡ
еľƹӸ˺үӡ
һλˣǺӡ
ˣ
үžƹӣҾƵ۾һ˲ų˾⡣
þưϷȥ嫳˺һʱ䣬ƹݵϰ嶼ôŪƵģ
ⲻҪƶ˵ӵ顣
ĺڤҹ԰ɣ
˵˵֣үžƹӹ˹˵Ĺƣ¶ǣĲľˮ
񫡣
үô֪ĺڤҹ
Ǻ棬үô֪ǵģ
ɶͷʶǵʱǻûȥ۹ء
үӸ˵þ˽ڤҹˣΪҪһʱŻĻɽû뵽ôͳĻǰ
ܷǵԸ񣬻ûĻʹһ
˵ү֪ΪβȥֹһڤҹСӷ˻Ļмĵ֡
ѽİɣϷзִ磬ֻҪСѾͷڵһ죬Ϲħ㲻˵Ѫȵ顣
үһڽʣµľȫȥҰҰ죬վƹһԡ
Ϸ㣬ýڤҹʺȥ
⻹ô
һ˵һС
ԶΪԼԸ񣬳Ǹض֮⣬ûиʺ϶˵ĵطˡ
ɣͽˣ֮ĻٿһСģıԣʱ԰ӻˡ
鰡үҲ֪ĺڤҹǸɶеˣԽȥԽ
ҡͷһٶʮܾ
ɲΪڻң˵ˣ԰Ҳʲô⣬
˵ģ治ȥǸطһЩ˴ĻҲըˡ
ķģһϷмƻʱɲʲôô
УҲѾ뿪ӣӽڻһЩ
˵˵ʱ򣬺үӺЩ
Ϊӵټּʱ䣬ԤƵȴǰ࣬ԴԴϵ̤ӣҪǰ׼ӭսˡ
һߣ˯еĽһ˰ɫĻ硣
ƺ֪Ļһ㣬˫ָĬĬصŽĵĳ֡
ˣþˡ
үģû㳶Ƥ
İ˰һۣûġ
ŶӵĽֱӶڵϣɷ׵С亹ԴԴϵķӿš

1451 ƣ

1451 ƣ
ʱ˿̵Ľĸûӣ۵úܣ亹ϵĴӶͷϵ
վڽǰؿŶڵϵŮӣĪĵһ˿Ȥζ
ۣ
ɶ¶ܲܰ㡣
ʱڵŮʮֱ꣬ʲôħֻ֣Ҫͱˡ
ô
ϻ㲻ô
ʵûӣĸɴڵҧŴǲ˵
Ů˻һص
ͷŽģҪȥڴʱһɫħڽ˰ӵľٶ
ˡ
ڤҹڽĵξУߣؽӵڻУͬʱħ赲˰ӡ
ڤҹ
ڤҹ̧ͷһĨᣬɻĨҰ׵Сڤҹۡ
һӣһǿħŰɫĻ磬תۼ䣬ΧİɫɢֻʣһƬڰЩɫĹâ
Ѿʧڤҹڽ뽪ξʱ򣬱Ϣγ˽磬ԶĽưΡ
ʱ˹˫۱һ˫ǵǵӣǣһĨЩЦ⡣
û¶
˷ģԺ󲻻ٳڷ˵ξС
ڤҹû𱸣ûʽİʲôˣеֻǹкΡ
ԼŮˣ۷ʲô鶼š
ҹɫĻ
𴲺һ࣬ʲôҲԲˣɱ
ſӶ룬һ׷һ׷ĳţͼٱûԹһ
ƶȫˣĳˡ
̽ŽģԼԵģѵʲôı
ֱһķ˶Ƶĸɸɾ֮Ĵ˸ö
á㣬ƶкþûгԵ˱ˡ
үɶ¶ô
²οҲƽ޹ʵûһЩ
ҲĻƶҪ˵һ˵ĻĹذ÷ЩҪĲ죬ǲǣ
ǵı۸ڤҹĶˣǵ˰Ļˡ
˵Ļиƣ˸ʲô⡣
أʲôأѲǻŹضô
һ֣ıһ淴ľЩˡ
⺢ӣͲƶѻ˵ô
˽һۣʼ˵ŹĻ顣
ĻΪǣڳǾסŵĶĻĳϣΪȻĻߵģҲߵġ
˵һ˵ǣĻṩеĳһֳΪʮÿһоۼһЩ־ͬϵߡ
гһЩҪĳʲô䰡ȵȵ鶼гǾеġ
һ˵ǿеĻǣгֻлʱſţڳһǲԽġ
Ļ᷿ʱдĻߣȵЩոĻ߱䵽֮ܽǣǳΪĻһԱ
ʮ
ԣƶ˵ɣƶڵһߣǸ԰Ҳһ£
һΪǸÿһԼӦ֡
һǿеǿߣһǱ䵽˵һ¡
ĸоͿԿóһĸֱ鲼
ӵһһֱܵ˵ʮһĶ£Ψȵȣǽܵʮʱ򣬻ȴͣ
ʮôˣ
ô˵أʮ򣬲ɷϣʮǿҲеţֻԸô⡣
һݵʮԱһ߽ڤҹˣʮıŸһǰš
ʮʲô
͸ɡ
ʮֽв͸ɣÿһֶ͸ŨŨķҲΪεʮĻǸƽǸ̤ʮ
ȻʮȥҲǰ
һֱǧʱ䣬ʮһԶСУÿʮһεļ֮⣬ϿʮĻˡ
˵ʮ˺߶Щ˵ƢԸȴ൱֮еһƴ
˿ģӴʮˣԸǽһ⣬ȫͽеȡ
ˣƶһһ飬֮ļѡδʱʮ˶ǰгˣģƶ׵һ
һĴڣ൱֮еĹ壬Ƕ˶֮أԴḻҲƣҪǲĵ¶
˵ˣڿǶµĹߣҪڤҹյԼ¡
֮ôҲá
֮Ϳ³ˣʱʲôȻڻ¡
ò˵Ļеϱĵط֪߳ٱͣһʱ䣬һĹ⾰
ˣָе죬Сף;Ҳٵ˶Ӵʵ죬ĸܵϢӹ˶ãСͿˡ
뿪ˣĺڤҹĻĻ԰Уɫ֮£ĿڤҹĻУ˵淢顣
ڰӵݣΪλԼУһжǽĲġ
ˣȥϹ׽ˡ
ڤҹѾԼ˽磬ͨıҲԲٴγС
УΪǲнһ磿
Ȼ֪ڤҹΪʲô̶ȣܸܵõڤҹΪǿһ硣
ĻȻо֮ء
ÿһ͸Ũϣ˵ǿˣֻҪĻԴǸɵҲῪġ
ƽΪʲôһ磬ȴ۷ǻ
˷ģԷ˵ʺܿͻ۷壬Ϊͻľ磬Ծɲз֮һ
ڤҹĻý͵ЦβסĵСϲ־ͷ
ǣҲ˭ҿǽء
ǣϵΨһŮӣΪΨһĹâ
ޣ
ĺڤҹٯٯ˵黰ȴһˡ
гŨŨĲƺʮֵ˴ʱ˿̵Ϊ
Ҫңޣ
һڣǳӡ
ʲôˡ
ҿûп˵ˣֱͷʱſڳϵĺɫС
⹷úأȫƤܲҲˣһ˫Ĵ۾ֻɫҲš
׸˵ֹǽɳƤ
ΪǺƭģû뵽ɳƤ
ɫɳƤڳߣб۾һԹԼӵı鶢Žĺڤҹ£ģЦ
ʲôɳƤûŮˣүҿϵ¶һݵĹơ
ƣϵ¶һݵĹ
ԽȤǰ˼ǰڲɳƤ

1452 

1452  
էһɳƤڲģϸĻǸ
û뵽Ļô˽ܵ飬Ȼز
ŮˣעԴǣǹϵ¶һݵĹ
ƶԽùƺԼʾʮֲ⡣
ƣӵŸ߹ѪͳǧѵһĹ
Ůˣ֪
ȥһ㣬ӸոʧãӰҵ顣
ưһ۽ģԹԵſڳ߰˸Ǻ߳һ˵ĸҥƺڼȥİ顣
˻
㶺һɳƤĽĸһۣ亹˲
ڤҹ״æǰŽڻС
ɫҲˣĻɽʪϢȻҪˡ
š
ŸڤҹĻУ˻ص᷿
ȴ̡
ɶ࣬ڱǰҧǣ
գĻ᷿
ѡ֮ջЩʱ䣬Ϊ˵óȥ߶
סĻ᷿Ĳǽڤҹˣҵߡ
ѾȥͨϵϾкõʶ˵һΪҪ顣
ʱһصı˽ǰ
үʲô飬Ѳ֣
⺢˼ôôأƶɲзˡ
˽һۣ󿴿ֿȷֻڤҹͽĶ֮ſ˵űе¶
Ǽ¶ȥƵ۹ʱǿɼʥ
ү¶ʲô
ĲĿôͻȻʥ¶ˡ
ô˵ءʥ֮ս֪ɣǰʱ۹Ҳٰʥ֮սīҲóʥǲôţ
صļƶȻʥйأĲµûʥһǼٵġ
ôˣ
ʥǼٵģʥͱ͵ˡ
Ȼ˵ıǽԤϵġ
ôôܣʥôᱻ͵ߣ
˭˵أƶҲǰ֪ģ۹ʥƵ۹ղ۹۹ˣʥһһŮ͵ˡ
̾һ͵ʥһһŮһһŮǸ֣Ȼôڹ컯֮µʥ
ҵ찡ô£
˭˵أҲ֪Էݵʲô˵ĻǾΣˡ
ĵ飬ԷˣʥĻǿǼΣգ˲ɹĵز
ҵòˡ
ҡҡͷ뷨
Ϊʲôôô϶ʥĲˡ
µİ㿴˵ʥһһǸ֪£ŪĻ̻̣ʧʥƵ۹۹۹ղ۹ȵȿԱ
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ҡҡͷϢвûᵽκϵ飬ֻ˵һһŮǻδʥ˻عʱʥͲˡ
԰ǻλ˼ˣȥһҴӾƤӵʥһɱ䣬˻ˡ
ҲǣôһҲе
ϸƷζŽĵĻûע⵽ԼѾĸƽȥˡ
ô˵ʥľͲˣˣǵĿʲô
֪ڵʥ
֣ʾȰǷǮ
ʲô
Ǯү˵ôȵĻ֮󣬱˵ٽˣǧöҶһϢ
ָűϢһٺ֮󣬵óһ֡
ܣټϵүʱҵĺҵģʮҡ
ɶ⣬ʮңƶǷٽҶѣôͱʮңСѾͷզȥء
һͼˣöұʮң˭ܵˡ
ƶ㣬ϹħͿΪΪûеƶǲϵġ
ŶôҲǿѣүɣ㵱ǩµǷ
ĻӡǷǷһСдϢʲһһµǣҲһһǣһʱһʱǡ
㡭㡭̣
ԼӵΪҪ̰ͼǩǷ
㡭ΪǴġ
νǮ
ǡǲµģ
㣬Ǯ
㡭ϣƶۣ
ݣһٵ뿪ŽʧеӰĲûȥ׷
ܵ˺ܲҿȥ𡣡
ʮңһǮҲٻ
Դ֪ԼǷʮҵһ쿪ʼֱļնûгֹ
ļĥһȦ
ƿ֮գÿѰǼȥ֮󣬽ֱģ
ڤҹһ㡣
Ļǰ棬ڤҹǰͳ磬ȫȻ˵
ĺڤҹ£ǰڳǲμļѡ߾Ͳˡ
һʮÿиԲͬص㣬ÿѡʮֵĿ̣ͨ˹ϵҲ˳ΪĻʽһԱ
ĻɽۣǵгʮţԨ
ŵʱ򣬿ȻڿҡһΣһСľͻ¡
ڤҹǰֱӱķɵ˶ƽϣҲ׷ˡ
ֵǣе˶վƽ׵һֻ̣صϡ
λҪɹţֻ˫ߣмǲʹκ˽ֹĻصλá
ŵ֪ˣҪźܼ򵥣˫߹Ϳˡ
ÿǰһԽľңҲԽҡΡ
ϣϽץһѣҪȥˣ
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һǰڳǵ˴ʮˣֻҪһʹ˷˶صŵһ
ڽĺڤҹŶ԰ʱǰ˲䵹ˣҲ֪ĸ˶ʮĻصԶ㡣
˭Ǹ˷
ң
վл֣ȿ޹Ŀˡ
ƶɮָߣղ䡣
зģֻΪָ˷ҵľѣĲ֪Ϊ˵ľٶôҵึ֮һ棬Ҫ
ɨˣ
ԹźУԹΣҪ¿ʼ
紵ţҡţԭƵմʱܲƣĴϣʱʱ¼׵硣
ڤҹȫ̻ŽģſΪڷ絲ꡣ
ڣָߵĺб۾ߵյʱ򣬵һʮֲ˳ͨˡ
λɽгǣλѾгǵȺʱˡ
վɽǰڤҹԼвδѡƹɽһ˵ԶС·

1453 ƶỹǮ

1453 ƶỹǮ
о͸ڽĵ˵ҿƺڹ˼ʲôһ㡣
˵ʵвʲôΣյĶ֣ǰĽĺڤҹ̫ˡ
ǳˣʵڿĻ档
ιֲ͵͵ˣһ徻ĺںôɶ
ĲûеľٶŪǶôһ
ͣ½ŲĽĿźУб⻰˵ɫһ죬˫ֺʮ˸ҵڡ
СɮΪ̫ǳùˡ
ᣬƨ
ˡ
ڤҹǰһĻ
ʱһһԼԼĲҽ˷ǽɽеһȺֱˣǿӲˡ
Ҳ֪ΪļҪΪЩĻߣ֮ѡԶҲΪ˲Ҫ鷳
ڤҹ˵·ϻ᲻ʲô߰Ķǣ
˷ģΪѾˣ·ֻһЩ΢谭ˡ
ڤҹĻ׼ֵһüͷ
ô˵ҲĻɽ㲻ʮ֮ڵˣҲػĻɽǧ꣬һĻɽ˵΢谭
ߣȻˣ֪֪ʲô
УĻɽǰһʳޣҪڽһ
˵ʱʱ죬ʮӰ˳Χм䡣
ųǰĺˣϵϢܸоõЩĻֵĿҲΪ˱ġ
ȰǻǱ˷ʱˡ
⻰˵ĻģҲǺȰЩʶĻ͹ֵֹÿʡˡ
ҪȥҲҪûˡ
˵䣬ʮ˸һеĳ׼˻ӿ˹ȥ
Ϻǣģ
˵ǰյĻû˼ȺˣϾ岻һȫ۵Ҫ
ɱ˼յõ˽ţҲʱչչˡ
ɣ
ҡҡͷʾڤҹ֣Щ˽ͺˡ
û¶ȫˡ
ΪڤҹҪԼֱչʾһԼ˶ļ⡣
ڤҹЦţߵһߣ˵ø˽ģȴǶʮˣЩʲôٶһľٶȺʧĻ
ȻԽĵΪ˵ʮĻǼٸĻҲڻ¡
ɾڽ׼ֵʱһӰһǰ
գƶɮҪǰгǣϣλʩи㡣
˵ʵ˵ĻѹûзУ˭Ҫֵʱ򣬺оȻֵڽǰ
һȥû¶
ǽԲýڤҹͨ·ǰгǡԲᡣ
ʩ˷뼺㣬ʩи㡣
ȻȥЩģܽĻΪȻ¡
ȻҲЩ˸ǽĵĶ֣ӲϵĻҲֻķݣԲŻ߳Ȱ˵ĻС
еĽЦżǰ
˰ɺУȺǲĺġ
ô᲻֪еΪʲôֻϧȺ˸û׺еھǡ
Ȼ˳Ⱥһ̺ˡ
ѾһĨЦ⡣
ۿŽĺͺһмĺȻһɫĹâ
ֹâʥĺܣһ˿η֮⡣
ӺϷĽγһǿĽ磬赲ˡ
λʩʲô龡붯ºգ˼ʹøܵ˺ۼͥ
һһ仰Ӻплǵеս⾹Ȼ˲ɢһȥÿһ·
һĻЦ˳
У㻵ҵ£ô죿
Ůʩ˻⣿
ЩĿŽģֻƽϢеѣֺʡ
û¶㿪ľͺá
ںеĽ֮£Ǵˣڤҹ뿪С·ǰгǣվԭصĺлû׽Ǿ仰˼ΪΣ
ʲôô
Ƚгǵǽڤҹͺˣһ֮һȺģҵ߲½½Ĵɽ˳һȫ˵ĳгǡ
һʮߣһһ롣
ڤҹĻУĿ⿴гǸ̨ŵʮˡ
ǷծƵƵʧ֮⣬˵Ϊ۷֮ϣѾԽĴڡ
ĻĲԻ
гǵĸ̨ϣʮ˸ſڳϣΪһҲΪĻĹߣһεļᡣ
ȿȣ
һĿ⼫һ۽ڵķ
ӭλĺĻյĿģҲƶɮˣл˵Ļʮ̨
Ϊһµϴ׼һݽ壬ڽȫЦеУ˵һЩʻǲûʲôôĻ
˵нֻҪȥһͻиֵԴʵϣѡʮѡײһѡĻߡ
ӵһھÿһ˵ĻǴͬС죬Ȼ·еڴ֮Ũҡ
ֱʮ̨
һɫĳ˫ָһϮɫĳȴɫӣûĻӦԯһˡ
Ļ֮ǰҲ鿴һЩص鼮鼮дĻдŵдԯһ֮۾صǰ׷Ůٽˡ
˶ŵʮ磬Ҳ֪ʮ֣͸ɡ
ԯ׿ϸ̨ɫĶŸ̨µˣڣֻ˵һ仰
ʮֻ۲Ҫܡ

Ϊ̵һ仰£ԯ׿תصԼλϣ˳ƪ۵Դ仰ķֱűըԵЧ
ԯ׿صԼλϺ̾һ̨ʮôУͲܸһô
ˣļĻڣλ԰꣬Ƭ̣ȻҲԼǰԼҪȥ԰
ĻѡĻʮ֮⣬ÿһҲѡҪ߲ҪȨ
Ƭ̹֮ҵ˽ģһЦ⡣
ٺ٣СѾͷƶ׼ˡ
ϣⲻүôһΪүʧأ
һĨЦʵڽĵŨ˼֣ֱͻͻûš
ƶ⼸첻¶ôûʱȥء
Ŷ¶
ĵ˵ͷ
ǵүû¶˰ɣû¶ͻǮѣöңһӶ١
Ŀ˵ö޶ֵʱŵ°ͶҪˡ
壬ǰ컹ôôȥ
ǰǰ飬ͽ޹ذ
ĺ޹ı֪㻹ǮĻ˵׼վͱһǧˡ
ǸʲôǮ¶ҷһߣƶһǮ㣬Ȱǩˡ

1454 ʮ

1454 ʮ
һֽһԵ̨ϣóһ֧ʽġ
ʲô
һƾ֤
ȻΪĺڤҹһ׼˶˵ķ䣬һǷ羰ȽϺõλá
ֽţĿݣ¾ʮд
ֻҪԼдȥǰĸȻȥǰҪ˵Ͽɷſԡ
һʮÿһֶ棬Ŀ˿űдԼڤҹ֡
ˡ
ǳɣǮʱ˵ˣһ֮ƶܽһء
ҲֱӽֽŷԼĻȽĿ˵תʧȺУ½˵Ǯϡ
վڸ̨֮µĽЦţ˫ֶż򣬿Žʧе
ڤҹʮΣ
ҪȥʲôطԣΪ򶼻ߡ
˵ʮˣأڤҹҲһֱڽߣ۷ʲô顣
ʱ֮»ص˸̨֮ϣڸ̨ϵĻʮˡ
ڱĴĳԱʮԯ׿ûʮ
ʮҪۣҪսӣ˵ʮֻķݶ
ȿȣλԱ
ÿһ˶ҪдȻеıͬ⽻ϵУɸĺĳԱһ顣
δУʱȥڳǣҺүһʥ顣
յϢ۹ʥҲˣһʥĲһһ׵Ůˡ
˲ɱ۹ĻңЩе޹۹Ķǿ˵ǲҾ御
ңĻʮѡԱ֮󣬱Ҫǰ۹ȥ׷ʥ䡣
˼صʵʼÿһס԰
ֵǣӸ˽ģѾͷҲԼֺڤҹжôһԱûж˵֡
ѲǵϢô
ֱʮе˵֣˹ԭѾͷԼڤҹֶд˵ʮ
ĿһЦĽϣСѾͷ̫Ƿˡ
ʮģڤҹ
ȥʮ
ʮǸΣ˭Ȣ˭ùҪˡ
Ļĵʮ֪ʮЩڵʲôͷʮ˵һ൱ΣյĴڡ
úõԴãȻҪǰʮǻˡ
ʱ̨ϵԯ׿ҲĿ⣬ѰĿ⿴ڤҹˡ
ˣ˼Ϊһϲ¶
ϴ˺ô
֪ʲôʱԯҲŽĺڤҹˡ
ŵģĻĵһͰˣƺһʶ
ϲʣֻнӴ֪֮һȥʮҸضס°ɡ
һ£ԯ׿뿪гǣʮķȥε̾һѾþûдˡ
һߣļԱѾȷӸ̨ߵߡ
СѾͷʲô˼ƶҺ˷ӣɽˮʺ
үɶʱǮҺڤҹʲôʱȥһҲٰ
Ļ⼸ҲһЩ飬֮ǿ໥ǽŵġ
˵ˣʮ֮Уʮ͸ͣǵθڣҾڵʮһʱ䡣
һǮˡ
ôſڱտھǮǮǮģƶ֮أô
ֵѼӶˣܲϧô
һҪǶôڣûڣĿŽڤҹȥʮ˵ǲʣǵġ
ʮʲôط̫ˣĻǸûʮܣڳǵļ϶ʮ֡
ĵģԽֳƢڤҹֲҪĳ޿ħľ޷Ԥ˵ʮᷢʲô顣
İѵүȥʮǲϵĻȥһҲ١
ǡ
̾һô֪ĵƢһ˵Ͳı䡣
Ǽס˰ʮûκιأҲ࣬Щ˶ʲôǵԯ׿
ԯ׿ˣһʱҲʲôʵݴһ仰ɶöͶˣܶžͶŵ㡣
үԹôôԯ׿ϱˣ
ߣ
ξǻҲᱻԯ׿ߣֻҪڵһ죬ԯ׿ͱεĻᡣ
ҪڵĻ˲˻ȥһֱѾͷ˻
Ҫȥʮ漸ĻƶҲԣҪɶ´ãƶ֪ô
֪ˣʮҲڰ̻˰ɡ
Цţ֪Ǻ⣬ǲǰʮⶶ̫ħˡ
үô˵ǲ̫ĨʮˣʮһûκĦɡ
һɫŶǰϵɵЦƦƦġ
ʮĳסûҲȽϵʮԱ򡡣
򡣬ƶЩҪ˵
ʮˣԼбҪһЩʮ˽ҪȻķʲôɾˣʱ˵ʮˣĻҪˡ
סҿɲүĳƪۣģʮȻһЩսӣԲǲˣЩĳԱһۿ˵͡
һ仰˴һͨЩΪȽϼۺѹƲˣһߵװʲôװʮ˾Ϳ군⡣
˵ǰŽĺڤҹ˵ͷ˫ֱȭ
򡣬ʮԱʮɺþûʵѪҺˣҴλȥʮ
Ǿ鷳ǰˡ
ֲЦˣıȭ
ʲôǰǰģʮûЩȽڣҪǲĻֱӽͳˣ߰ɣȥ
Žĺڤҹ뿪гǣ߹гǺǵ֮󣬽Ļĵʮ
濴ʮһɽˮĵضʮĴɽïʢ֮ɽɽ֮䣬欣ҳżΪŨ
ʵһ֮󣬽һźһ磬ڱǵʮڵĵط
ЩɽеסˣеĿţǿ
ҿָָһɽɽ»һٽߵһԺ
ôҸõطɽˮɽˮʮŨ
л磬ǾͲˣԺչˡ
ĵͦϲѵӣûЩߵķȽڡ
ˣô
ţе㣬һʲô
ϲʲôΪʲô
šԴ±棬ٺ٣
á
λɾ£绹ûߣܹܲ˼һ¸ĸܡ
վڶ˵ЦΡ
Ϣһ죬ȥӳǼֵܸ˽ӷ硣

1455 ǰ۹

1455 ǰ۹
羰СߣΧдеһԺںߣ쳣ʡ
ĳ±Ĵ˸
ԽԽˣ
ֻҪϲá
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڤҹΧȹʼʰ꣬ѵһͥӡ
ıСϣ˫°ЦĿڤҹˢ롣
˭˵һΧȹͱҵڤҹ˧ķɺô
Цʲô
ٺ٣ҵ
ϵЦ쵽ĵףÿһγ극󣬵ҲʱˢΣҪΪ̫⣬¶ײֵġ
ĺ棬ĳձҺò˶٣ôʱսôˡ
ΪѽΪҪÿ춼ܳϺóԵģůůġ
ÿһÿһ仰ڤҹΪʵдա
ЩĴɱڤҹ㷢Ҫеġ
Ҹ
Ŀڤҹ۾ֿ˻
ȼ˺ĸˣΪס
ڤҹ֪ԼʼҪһݣ˶֪ڤҹӣɶ˲δ»Լ
ĸ֮ףһʢ
˵ףɫ۵һӺ
ȿȡ
ٯٯʱһʮҶ˵
ϺǣⲻôǮô
СѾͷǾͲǮ¶ô
ǰܸˣѾͷô֪ǮǮǮģǮͲ˵һ˵
ǿһǧöأôˡ
ôǼˣô
ŶˣҾͷǵһǧңЦأ
˵ˣ˵ˣٸҶѵҪ
˵¶
˻⣬ʮҪҪ˵ġ
үɶҪ飬θˣ
ƶϣθ
˽һۣóһţֽϵڤҹͽġ

ֽôҺڤҹ֣
ǲ⣬ȷԼûдţֽϵȴڤҹ֡
ꡣ
ֽϣֽд˴۹ʥɣҾص۹ýʥǣ۹³ص۹Ľ֡
ûܰ۹ʥˣ
ţʥĲһһŮˡ
ǿ϶ĸ߽ģ۹ʥʧһһŮûйϵ˵ıѪȵֶΡ
۹ֻʣ˻ţ۹ĶǸǱ˼
۹״Ļ𶼳ǵĲ״֪ǻжôĲҡ
ˣ
΢΢üͷƺ˼ʲô˿дԼڤҹֵŷ⣬룬ȻΪ߼޻
¬ô
гҲĳ¬ˡ
Ӧûб˻˷ʱ˷Ѿȥݺǡ
ǱһЩǰ۹ص۹ȥһ࣬ʱǱ뿪ĻȽϺá
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô뿪Ļֲġ
ô᲻֪ʲô
񣬼ٽĺڤҹ鴫۹Ȼ֪ôһӾʹˣĿǰ˻ĻΪס
ҪȻԽĵƢǻЩĸ
ƶĻͶˣƶֲẦ㣬ԭ֮Ȼ֪޹ء
˵һЩ飬Ҵææ뿪ˡ
۹ص۹൱֣ԽˣıԽĲĻ¹
գӳ
˺С뽪ĺڤҹǰӳ
ӳһĵĵһſŲһҶɳɳ졣
ӳͤУ߸˻ŻŻǰţĿͿĺڤҹķ
ӴǣΪĴϴ񵽱ˡ
˷ѩ֮⣬ʮûֹŮˣСѾͷû
ѣûһԵôһͲǣ㻹Ǳˡ
˼Ҷ˵ΪΪΡ
߸һһŽڤҹˣʱǰһһ߸˵ݡ
ǵʮϴԯ׿ļѾһˡ
ȥɫһͲʲôӽΡ
úСӵҲʲôöڡ
Աģ˽жǶڵĵܵܣֵܣԸܴ󡣡
ڤҹǰ߸ˣһֱȾ˽ߴߴһصĲ壬һϲһֱŵӵ衣
ʮȻˣЩ˶ˣȻʱںһһܡ
ʮֻǣǷѩƳǰ޵ȵȵ˶ʮһӣֻȺ˳ȥˣÿǻزġ
ȻˣҲ˵˵¡
ԯ׿Ŀɨһ۽ĺڤҹˣĿΪʲô챾˽ӷ磬עˡ
ҲǶ˴ǰʲôݣҲãؤҲգȻʮʮһӣ빲
ԯ׿˵ʮĹء
ÿ԰Ӷÿһ԰ӵĹأ˹Ҫܵصĳͷ
ĴʮûǶ¶һ㣬ʮ飬飬ʮҲŶš
۹Ҳ˵ˣ˶Ϊ۹ǵ뷨
ܼ򵥣ȻҪݺǣҳ֣Ū
ӳҲԼĿġ
뿪ʮȥ۹
λ˵ҺڤҹҲΪ
ǵ˼˵Ҫȥ۹
žƵߴеľƺ«µĿŽĺڤҹڳĬƬ֮Ц
Ҿ˵ɣʮĶʲôϲúƽļһǮǮ
ڽĺڤҹӳ֮ǰ߸˾͸˶עľֱǶ˻᲻ǰ۹ӮĶע˷ֱԯ׿ߴͶ
Ըķ䣬ǮǮ
ߴֺҪǮڣ裬Ĳ鲻Ըͳ˽ҡ
򡣬ߴǶ뽪ڤҹǰ۹һˡ
á
ɣ·ϵľǮ͵Ĵӱˡ
û뵽ԯ׿ķУһߴ˸ǰ۹顣
ˣʮˣݺǾȥͷˮ
ʮȻսǼԼ۹⡣
ĵһ𣬱֪СѾͷʮĲˡ
߰ɣҲþûлˡ
ߴ֫ߵǰ
Ĵӣһ·ϵľˮͽˡ
˵
˵ģһʼû뵽˵˳һʵǺԼθڡ
ǰЩȻȥʲôüһ鲻ϲ

1456 ɣ

1456 ɣ
ģڤҹߴĸ뿪ʮ뿪Ļ׼ǰ۹ȥһ
ʮڣе鼮һߣӻóöͭǮ˵ռ
ôΣ
δǰ˿˵Ȼɼıƺ̬ء
Σ
ԯ׿ǿһ۵йͭǮŶǺֽ
ûһ˵˳̣˵ʲôݡ
ڤҹߵһ̿ʼһ޷ݵǿħ
Ȼĸλ֪ڤҹǿ
ŵڤҹ뿪֮󣬶Ҫռһݵʲô
ɽȴãѡ
Ҵδ󣡡
Σʮˣظʮ˼顣
ҵôΪ
ŵӵҡҡͷʾԼͬεĻ
Ѿͷܷʮθڣڤҹôô˵أ
ôʣ˼Ƭ֮󷽲ſڡ
ô˵ɣ˵ʮĻҲڤҹУ޷ŽĶѡ
Ϊֱ۵뷨
ڤҹ˵ݲ򵥣ΪǸĪ⣬֮ĻҲȻΪ˽ġ
ˣԵѣǶ˵Ȼ֮Ҳ١
֪֪ˣ
˸Ƿվû߶ã㿴үӵӰ
ϺǣʲôѺүӸˣ
һүӳ֣ԭҪߵļ˷׷׻ع
үӿǲ߶ˣôʮ
ôӭϷô
ǲӭǺүͻȻ֣ͦⰡ
δȤЦţźүͤ
ԯ׿ҲЩ⣬һϲ徲ĺүôͻȻʮ
үҿҲûĺڤҹˡ
ճ˵ӳӦнӷᰡȥˣ
үӣ˭أ
СѾͷڤҹ
Ŷ
ԭˣ
ֲúүӻڵʮԭӺڤҹġ
治ˣڤҹߴĸ˸ûãӦ뿪Ļˡ
ȥ۹ˣ
үһ£ͲµСѾͷ뿪ʮԭǰ۹
Ƿģ
үӣ¶¡
һƨ˺үߣźүӵļ
ɶ¶
εı֪ûʲôƨ
ʮ˵ʲôݰŲ򵥰
Ȳˣʥ磬СѾͷǹļ̳ߣڤҹϹħ˵ܼô
үۻ׵ĺӣԯ׿
һΰʮļ񵽱ء
Ϲħ񣿡
ڸʮ̫ˡ
˵ɣҲˣǵǸǿе
˰ˣԺദͻ˽⣬Ȼ˶ûڣϷˡ
үʮҪǿĺڤҹģҪʹʥ飬һһŮʲôݣΪΰ׷Ůӳúͽ
һ뿪ĻֻеǴ۹֮󣬲һˡ
һߣ뿪Ļ˳˾ǰ۹
ĻǵľһľкܴĲٶ˵һ㾨ࡣ
˵һ˵ôĻġ
ߴǺ棬һھڴŵĿŽġ
ӮƵ۹ʥ֮սĻ
ô򵥣
ǣҵ˼ǣôСʶģһĻ
ߴҪʵ顣
үүʮгô
гүϴУεϴү֮Ѻۡ
ߴ˵ԯ׿֮顣
Ǻѣĺѣ֮
κŻԼϵԯ׿ԾϲΡ
ɺˣججĲ֪˶꣬ҲΪεԯ׿ΪûбΣԴ֮Ҳûκνͬİ·
ǼҲԷ
ߴ˵ǽĴδİ汾ʱ˵εʱֻδԯ׿û뵽ĹС
֮⸡ͷļߴ˵Ź˵¶
ǲ֪γǽһƯ׷ε˶ȥˡ
ֻǿϧˣƺϲЦһôõŮ档
˵ߴ̾һ
˵˵ǰɣô˽ʶǸ˲һţˣСۡ
ȴͦģ൱֮١
ȫͬߴ˵Ǻʶľ
ŽĵĽߴЦǽһ᲻ϰ
˵棿
ˣЦˣң
ڵŶӣߴЦĶˡ
һϴ󣬾Ȼαĵȥˡ

ʱԶĻĴ˺ü硣
˭ڱң
߶߶ţӹүеŷ⣬ֽŮ֮ʱɵסˡ
ⲻǡСѾͷô
ϸ
үӶŲ豭ŲˮָָֽϻŵŮӣúÿһ
׷㣬ǽôܵģʱСѾͷһֱƶа
ǣǳҲ̫˰ɣһģӿ̳ġ

ȵȣ
ƺ뵽ʲôԷٵתš
ƶǵãСѾͷڤҹ˵һ䣬׺͵Ҳ֮󡭡
ĻͲôǵˣȷСѾͷ˵׺͵
ֽϻŵŮӣ̧ͷĵһ²⡣
үӣ˵Ů˻᲻СѾͷס
Ůӵֽзģӵֽнİݣ˵ء
ү֪ʥǷĺͽİݶˣҲ֪˵Ŀģûгֹ
ЩҲʥ⣬ʱ˼һˡ
ŷĺͽİݵ֣ڽϽĵ֣һӾ׹ˡ
ĵĵǽİݣǷģֲáֲѾͷǰһҧʥ˸ɵ¶ԭ֪
İģ
ûĵСȻƭ̫˺ˣ
үӣ˵ЩΪɶҪʥʥеǵѪʯ¬ӽΪݺСѾͷڤҹô
ôĻۻ᲻е
Ҫ֪ʥ˵Ѫʯɲ޸˺ΪҪðűʥ˵ΣʥֻΪԭô
үӲûлش⣬ǵЦζеƺѾ֪Щʲô
һߣ۹ǰУһ·ϣĺߴĵͶԵҲĵԼһչˡ
˳Էʱ䣬ߴſˮһߣ˫۾סĿϵζȡ
÷򰡣͸ǳһ£

1457 ɼܶ¶

1457  ɼܶ¶
ڤҹ÷ˣҲֻкүӺпڸȻǺķ˾ʲųԵģˡ
ǰ۹һ·ϣߴֻĿǰ˵ʳôװӶԲһڲˡ
ڣ۹Ѿǰ֮ˡ
۹ĹѾȥ˽һµʱ䣬۹Ĳ״Ծ˲ֱӡ
ԫϱڣɢŸĽζɼʱ˺εȲҾ徵顣
ʱǶԼ̵ֶν۹Ļɱʥִݻ۹
˫űݻٵĲӵĹ쳣ķŭ
۹ԸƣҹĽڶ֮ΪҸĹȡ
˭뵽Щ˾Ȼĺֵز
ȥʹ
ǰ۹Ļʹ
ĻѾ޼Ļɽ˳֣۹̫Ӹɭͨһϥڵϡ
Ϊ壬¹򣬿ɼɭеĳжôŨҡ
ǰ˸ɭɭ飬۹ѾӣŵҪ縺صΣؽ۹ȣñȴǰӸġ
̫ӵ£˵˵ʱϸڰѡ
˵ʱĻԸɭ˵һ̵飬ɽҪ֪뱨ûеϢ
ԴӽĳưܵĻʹһ𣬸ɭĿһֱŽģ޷ƵĳޣƺҪǰĽɱ֮һ㡣
ҲˣǰԼڤҹģڵΪ¶
ɱ۹һһŮ壬Ƕ˵ģݺ
ţ̫ӵ£һҲΪ¶
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˫ȭĸɭ̾һһĨ˵Цݸڴǡ
λ
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ɱ¾ʥɱ۹޹İգֶ̣֮ʮյ
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ߴŽĵôʣĽĺڤҹǵʮˣȻҲǵʮ顣
˵ǵʮ˵Ŀ󲢲ôãΪʮˣʱӴڤҹ֮Ǿ˵Ըȫȫĸǵʮıԡ
ûƶûйϵֻҪвǵ棬Ǿͱˡ
۹Ĳ״Ѿ޷ݡ
ԼģһץסЩ֣һǶһףǾ¬ӣǺƲ
գ۹
۹ͣգ˱Ҫǰص۹
ûв´ĻѾǰص۹ȥʥ
ưܵĸۿǰɭϥڵϡ
̫ӵ¿֪Ҫ˵ʲôǾ仰һץסף۹ȥ޹֮Ȫ֪
Ͼ뿪۹Ķǰص۹
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ϣİ˫йص۹һЩϢ
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ǣĻҪǰص۹ΪֽϵϢдװף۹ҵ˾ص۹ص۹Ķǡ
Ҳ֪һһŮʲôˣȻж֮ǰʥ
һֱʥŮǺηʥ˲ֻͬʥûҾ徵顣
أǧص۹ΪЩˣ̸צӵģ
ߴеľƺ˵ϣֲ̧ľˮзŭѡ
ÿÿ۹Ĳ״ߴҲüͷ
ӵԽԽˣѾд˶ȹӣһõһϢҲˡ
ߴ˵Լ˽⵽鱨˵Ѿ뿪ӣҳ۹
ںδߴﲢ֪

̧ңߴŮȵĿ֡
ԣ˵
˵ߴнһĨɫɼΪôǿ
Ӧ֪ҪߣǵĴڱΪսһĴڡ
˵һЩϢ֪Ⱥ˵ĳĻֵʱһ¡
ӵѾ޷ˣʥֱַһһŮԼС
һõףΪֹˣԼһϣʧԴԴϵĶȹӣʼɱ
ҪˣһַǾۼʮʥʥĻ
ʱ˻ĻɱͬʱڣƬ½Լ˴󲿷˶ܵ˵ó˵˼άȥ
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ʥʲôӿԶԸˡ
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ߴҡҡͷֱ֣ϵһİ̺˼
ǰҶʱ䣬ҵļ˵Ϯ
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ǰߴ˵һʱ䶼Ѿģˡ
һε֣һҹ֮䣬һȫ
ʱߴո̤ľ磬Щǿ˿־壬ɼˣΪ˱ԼĹұԼҪˣʲô
ļǵãֻһУ˱㽫ı۰򿴳һɼǵ˿ڡ
ڵʱ߽٣ˣļйӲдĻ
Դˣߴ㷢ģһҪŬУǿԼǿ㹻ԼҪС
ôȥˣĻΪѰ˸ӵɢҲԴԴϵĳڸ֮УҲǱʱˡ
ңϴԯ׿Ҳ˲кļڵʱĻĳ˽ϴ󡣡
˵ʮ˼Ȥ
˵ʮĻĳϴܣ
˵ܣߴЦ
ɼܵʮʲô¶ˣǺĻϴһȷȷʵʵԭ򡣡
һλ˵ŵʮĻϴܵ顣
ԭΪģĻĳ϶龵ΪΪĻĸ߲ʹȨԼѶöֶš
ѶǵʮΪϡٵŮӣ˵츳ߣӲã˺ǻϵԯ׿µƢÿһ˶ԼѶû´Ļûǻܵһ˿ί
һΣʮȫǰ嫺ִһΣյ񣬼Ѷڵʮأ龵ʱǿѶþ˻
Ϊ˱Լ࣬Ѷӣȥ

1458 ݺ

1458 ݺ
Ҫ֪֮¿أһ߽ӴصĳˮΪᱻסΪѰ֮ˡ
ȵԯ׿һڵʮ˻ֻ֮˼Ѷõʬ塣
һ飬ʮ֪Ѷ࣬ҪŪ龵
龵ϾΪĻĳϣƿʵȨΪͣɼȻ˵ʮͲһУܶԷ˭Ҳ
ĻĳҪ˵飬´»СС»ˣԯ׿ŵʮе볤ǶԿ֣ΪľЩ˽龵
أ
ͱȽϱˣʮĻĳǿսǽһѪȣĻܵ˲ʮҲ˴롣
Ϊ˻ѶһüѶȪ֪ʮÿһ˶űľġ
һʮӲͷҲЩˡ
ʱ򣬴ιĺүӳֵͣ飬˶龵Ϊ龵ϳĻ
˭үӣ
Ĵ򡻰˺үĸ֣뵽˵ʱþĺүӣĪһ˲ɡ
԰үӣ˵ĻΪĳ֮һ
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һһźүӵĶص㣬˵ͷӦţȷϽ˵ֲŵүӾĻĳ֮ףħ
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Һүӻк֣ܶϾүӻôʱ䡣
򡻹߽ģںүӵкܶ࣬ħֻ֮һҲΪ֪һ֣⻹ʲô纫֮ġ
˵⣬ߴеľƺ˵ŵʮĻĳǴܣ˵顣
Ҳýĸ˽һµʮ֡
ʵǵʮϲ¶ֻЩߣΪĻ˱޼ɵ¡
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ô˵ɣϸǵһûĶ֡
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ʮ͵һ֮ìҪΪԯ׿֮ıֿѣΪε֮Ĺϵ𽥵ԶҲӡ
ҲΪһ㣬ʮһˣҵһҲһŰ裬ûʲô̫˷е顣
ԭˣ
˵ʮĻ֮Ĺϵ
һ˽⡣
˵ʱɫɵóһЩ
ʮȻʲôҲ£ҲҪĻĹ
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ĻĴڱΪĻĴڡ
ĻʲôҲֻ֪ĻһǿĽ磬Ļڳ֮УػС
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һĻһʮΣյĵطһԼΪǿôĻڳǰĻɻûнӽĻ㱻󷨷ʬǳʮֵĲ̡
ĻĻһأ˲ɴ룬ҲÿʮһβǰĻ
˵ĻҪԣ߽ĺڤҹˣĻĴڷǳΣգĪҪأʮҲȲ˶ˡ
ĲɵӣȻ˵ĻжôΣգҲڴϾ׺͵ĿıҵʮʥĻ
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뵽΢΢üͷ
ĻȻΣҲ˵ǿ󣬻᲻ҲǱĻУ
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ĻΧĽ磬ÿԿѪʯĻһ塣
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Ļ
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벻ףĿǰ˵Ҳ˼ʱ򣬻ǰص۹ҵݺǵΪá
۹ʻص۹ȵص۹Ѿʮ֮ˡ
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˫ǰθڰС
ҲȻװҺڤҹӵ񡣡
˫ֶż򣬽ķк˪鲼Ŀֱżٻ顣
ûɽĺڤҹģڿʱɫһ㶣ת뿪ʱȴһɫС
֪ʱڤҹѾڼٻ
ǿħ֮УֻҪڤҹ΢΢һָͷǰļٻΪ
óʥҿһȫʬ
вɱ⣬ˣȫû˿֮ġ
Ȼеװǵģɱ۹԰飬ɲʲôʥĸĵĺˡ
ģҪʥҲҪûʸ񣡡
žһ׼Ķֵʱڤҹ΢΢һֻһ죬Ǻɫ·һֻεĴ֣ץסŮӵĲӣʯ֮佫ϡ
ֻһУɵĽһŮӡ
˱ϾˣѪʯڶʱڸԭ
Ҫԭ
ЦЦ⸡ڤҹĴǡ
һӣֻŮ̼촦һԴ˲仯Ѫ
Ѫʯǿʧȥ͸¶ͨıҲֻĽˡ
һԿŵߴԭְɿ⻭滹ǾԶԶ뿪ȽϺá
һ·һĺڤҹʲôǵһ˵ʱǵֶУѾòˡ
ߴľƺһߺžһҡͷ
ͬ鱻ʬŮˣֻǾһ֣ûкҩ˽ĺڤҹȻʲôùӳԡ
˼Ů˾ôˣ˫ۼֱԼĻ档

1459 Ц

1459  Ц
˵û㿼ǵʱ䣬ǲʥң³һ
ĸûˣ˵ΪɵĽ֡
Ǹһѡ
ֻҪʥһʹͱĺ֪ʲô
˼״ûйĳɣǰɫ˲֣ڵ֪Լǰ˵Ķ֮׼롣
ߣҲҪû¡
˫ֽӡһ罫ɫŰС
ɫһγ˷Լͣԭأϸһŷ֣һ֪ʱֵĽ罫еͨȫ
Ҳ˵ٴνУʱ򶼻
ս˳ĿŽġ
һ


ꡪ
һ£˵ϣ۵˺ѷεİ
ҸᣬԼϧ
ţǻҪʥͲɱң
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˼Ǿ仰ѾˣԼ֪ϧʥҲҪҲɱ󡣡
һŷ۵һĨɱ⸡ֶڶֵʱȴڤҹӵڻС
齻ΪãĪҪŭΪۡ
ڤҹĻ־ж͸İ⣬޲ðеİģ˵¡
ߴ˵Ѿϰֻ棬ǻ̲סһ¡
Ҳһ³ϺòãǶ˽¿ѪɺӵĻ棬ֳܲܲϲֵصۣ˶ʼɵİ
ҪľĽʺޣ
ߴϹ˵ԣǶڵʮʮü˵Ľĺڤҹ֮С
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ܲܲȺǰ̫ˣ
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Ľиãô˵ϲˣá
⻰˵ĲصˣҲϲĹﰡǸҲϲء
ߴһ򡣬ʲôãô˵ҲòãҪҸϱɵ顣
ɱˣ㶼ܾ˶ٴΣ
򡳰Цߴ˵Ǳ˵ĻţϾʮĺȻǹô˵ҲǷ硣Σ㲻ʲôٷӣɢŨŨ˰ǻйϲġ
ֻôʮһȺ˼Ů鰮ϣרעڴ
ߴ֪ļΣѾٹܾˣиˡŴˡ
㡭զ֪
ߴһ±ƣô֪Լܾ飬صͦð
ô᲻֪һ˵ɣȥĻǵʱһ˼ұ˰ɣ˼һʮûƷζĽھܾˡ
ʲôʮûƷζĽڣ˵ŮӵĽŻˡ
ߴﻹɵɵҪŮȥ𣬽֪
ֵܣЩ鲻ǿ󣬿ˣԵɣ
ĻһкݺݵĴߴ࣬˭ǵʮˣʮ˾ǲ䡣
һαױܾʲôʮαܾ
׻˵úãʯΪԼһҵŮˣһһޡ
ߴ˵ڼ䣬ԶѾĥơ
Ҫ֪ڤҹϹħֻҪ΢΢ʹһСֶΣǰ
ʥء
ԽĵʱڤҹĻͰ˵ʱڤҹĻﻹҪ֡
ڡħ
ħ
ߴħֵʱԭɵ˲
Ĳ֪ħʲôطһˣ΢΢̧߷紵ҵĳһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
Ц˿ȫɭ䡣
˵ģֻҪ֪ʥ䣬ҡ
㣿ҿɴû˵
̯˫֣ʾԼǴû˵仰ʼգûˡ
Ȼ֪ʥʲôطҲûбҪ˷ʱˡ
һ˲仯Ѫʧ֮䣬ȡѪʯ
Ѫʯô
ѪʯԴŷźɫâѪʯŷǿа
򡣬鷳㽻۹̫ӵ¡
Ӧɭһץס֣Ѿ׵׵ʧ֮䣬ֻʣѪʯ
΢΢üͷ˿еѪʯ̧ͷĿڽĺڤҹ֮ǻ
ǲȥħʥɡ
֪ôὫʥȥħǸطĻҲ̤롣
ħֲܿô
Ĳ֪ħʲôӵĴڣ򡻰ˣΪħȻʲôȫ֮ء
ħĻ޷Ĵڣˣ
ڤҹ˵ħ顣
ħƬ½ϵʱ͵޷׷ݣ֪ħ˺Ļһͬϵġ
ħ֮УŴиĪħóһֻԻһҡ
ⲻҪ飬Ҫǰħ·Ҫͨڤ
ҲΪڤĴڣħ޷̤˽硣
˵ʱǲ⣬ôʥ͵ħأ
Ҷ˵ЩǻҪǰħô
ʥħ
ħΣգĻҪǰħѰʥ
ȥĻ׺͵ǰħõ׷κβ⡣
СѾͷǰħ¶ɲǿЦģĻĳϺүҲ̤ħĵؽ硣
ȰŽһϮħĴ൱Σյġ
ҪǰħȻصĻӳȽϺá
СѾͷĻɶ¶ǻĻȥ˵үӺǼһﶼȥħʱҪǰħҲҪǵźãԲԣ
ߴҲȰ˵ŽģҪȥħǲţҪ˽ħһЩ֮ǰҲ٣ôóóȻȥħ
ҲãȻĻʺүӺү˵Ҳ١
˵ˣڤҹߴ˳ž뿪ص۹;۹ʱ򣬽ĽѪʯ˸ɭ
ɭһεϥ£Լĸм֮顣
̫ӵ£Ѫʯ˵Դ֪ʱ飬̫ӵҪ֪۹ֻʣһˣĪҪΪԼһʱͿԨ
ѪʯɭҪɭǵã۹˶Ϊ˵ԭ򣬲øɭѪʯ֮
ģ֪Ṽ⡣
ɭǸˣȻ֪Ļָ˼ͿĽѪʯ³Ϊ˿ܵҪѪʯ֮УʾԼʾ۹պ۹ԶƲ

1460 

1460  
뿪۹صĻѾС֮ˡ
һػغķ˲ʱ䣬Ҳ˲ٵ顣
ĸոջصĻֱүڵľ
ʱĺүڽԶԶؾĵ̧ͷʱ򣬱㿴һһӰС
֪˳ֵģҲ֪Ϊʲô顣
ϣСһ㣬ϷոµĲˣǿɱȻˡ
ү۵ĿԼµĲˣЩͱĸȵˡ
үӡ
ĿŶڵϸ˽ˮߣ˫ֶżµؿ
ɶŶõʱ䲻Ϸˣ
ǵǣҼǵúүӺ˵ĻŵģôŵϴүΪĻѽ
Цķĺүӱ󷢺Ѿͷɶ
ɶϷȻɱϾѾˡ
үӣͲλͷô
ȿȣЦЦѣ
үڨЦţվվԼǰڡ
ɣϷҲ֪ҪɶһߺȲһ˵
үӲʾ׽ҪԼ˵ʲô۹ص۹Ѿڶ֣֮ʥҲʳˣҪʵһǹħ顣
һСľСʣһɢĲˮ
貢ʲôƷĺòѰ˼ҺȵòˮѣǺүӺȵǽһζ
СѾͷ֪ʲô裿
򻨰
򻨲һֲҶʲôͬô
ԣСѾͷ˵һѰ򻨲裬ϸƷƷζʲôͬ
ĶŲ豭Ƿһ΢΢üͷ
ûʲôͬ
ȷʵûʲôͬζ
Ʒ˵ľƽͣȻƷҶ֮е
үӻƺʲôûͺүƷ۵
үӣӦѽ֪ҺڤҹĿʲôˣǾֱ˵ɣħʲôط
۹Ļʱ䣬ھϵĶʱҲħһЩϢ
˵ĻЩ飬û̫õļֵһصĻֱүڵ԰Ӷ
ҽţүҲ֪Լڴˡ
ԣһ޹ؽҪĻҪ˵ˣֱӽ⡣
Ҫȥħʥô
үһŽģҪȷһ¶˵Ĵ𰸡
Ȼʥɹغҵ⡣
ЩѾ֪۹鲢ǶΪ˼ٰ˵ò񣬵ʥһղҵһղȡ
ǺǣСͷϷʲô⣬Ϊ׺͵
ȻүѾ֪һУĵһ㶡
ݵ֮󣬽Ҳʲô
үô֪ҵ׵顣
źүô֪ʥ֮ĹϵһȷԼǰħɡ
ǾϷİ˵Ҳһʥ֮Ļ
үֱӽȫƸ˾񣬲Ҹ߽ģԼþ֮ҲΪ֪˵ĴڣԲŻȥĺڤҹʲôĺ
Ҳô
Ϲʮһ֮һѲҲ粻ɡ
ˣĻ⺢Ӧںǡ
һνˣүĲָԼһ衣
˺ˣǲҪ˽ħô
үӰѻ˻ʼ˵ħ֡
Ӻүӿе֪ħ飬ħĴں˵Щͬһȴýĸеġ
ħĹҲǴĻ֮ǿߣ
ţħĻĵһǶǴĻϵǿߡ
ҲڰԼ˵ʦ
ĻĴǣԼħ֮չһѪȵĶһսЩڽĻ𡣡
ˣĻħĴڣ˵ǿߣе
һδս֮˱⣬ħڤ֮ΨĻ֮УΪػĴڡ
ΪάĹĻ˴أʥ֮ɭˡ
ʥ֮Ҳ֮еһȻǹͺڰ磬ԾɹУĻбҪҲػħֺ
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ԣ׼ȷһЩ˵ڽ硣
үӻ߽һʵɭνڽ磬ʵһԷССѣڽĻ
ڽǧ磬ڽڤȷһЩ˵ڽΪڤħ
뵽ħҪڤ

1461 ھڷ

1461 ھڷ
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˿еǧ磬ڽڽԼڽ硣
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ߣڵĻҲеһ΢Ĳ֡
ү˵ħڤ֮ʱҲ˵γɺ֮Ĺϵ
ļǵã׺˵Ļ⣬ֻǵʱû⡣
Щ飬һֱĸоͷ
СѾͷľǰħѰʥô
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Щ⣬ΪʲôҪһǰħ
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үۻ׵ĺӣĪЦ⸡ڴǡ
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үԼ뷨Ҫǰħһ֮صԭ򣬱Ρ
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ʼүֻеִרУһʣһֱȥڰ֮ڳΪĻľ֡
Դ֮һֱĽ֮Уƽֳ˵Ȼģȴһֱǣ顣
ԯ׿Ĺϵܿó
ķһУԯ׿ƿĹϵָԭֿѵ飬ʶ
ǰǰƵ۹ҲǺүһУǻûʲôչֻ취ˡ
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һ޷⿪Ľᣬǰħ֮ǵûн⿪ԼĽᣬħ֮УʱҪΣ
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ԯ׿δẫүӵľ˵飬Ҳı䲻ˡ
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˵ţүӶ豭ǳһ򻨲裬³һ
ð˰ˣˣԯ׿һͬǰħӦ֪ҪȥħҪǰڤڡ
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ȥڤķ֮һԼΪһĻ̤ڤ֮Уһˣʹһ˵սᡣ
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ǰɣԴӵڽ緢֮Ϊ˷ֹħ֮뿪ڽڽ磬ڤڹرֻ࣬ʣڡ
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үӴ˻һ˵ĩ෢飬ʱʮħʱʱȥħ˷ȣʮħ¹
¹ٰѰ˺ĺľˣҲΪٶһѵĶѨĽڤڣ֮ڣˡ
ϷῪʱڻصڵ磬Ϸһ㣬Ļڵڵʱ䲻ͬ
ÿһ綼ÿһڵʱ䣬ͺñǿг˵һյһ˵
Ļʱ䣬ڵѾȥʮء
ˣעĸ˵ϷҲ˵ˣȻǶˣԯ׿ˣϷ跨ǻص硣
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СӣܸܲϷٷԣԴ֮Ϸҹҹúܡ
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ڤҹѹûĳˣŽתȥĺүӿధҲԲͷ
ҪǰħˣҪȥڤ
Ϊ֪ô룬ôˣӦҲ˶ΪĽ١

1462 κ

1462  κ
ڤڵڤڤҹĵܵܣϹʱڤҹΪԭħڤλڵڤ
ҴڤĿóڤҹԹܴ
Ҳֵ֪ܶ˼֮ʲôĻ档
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ԯ׿˵Ѿ磬񾳵߿ϵĴڡ
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˵ܶշлǿԵģڣСʱ֮һһССĳһջʱϢ
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ǰ˵γɣһղʱͿԳκǣҲ֪ôˡ
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ĺڤҹ֮Ľԯ׿ΪΣ˼ʱУѡԯ׿Ҳĵף
ǺǼ飬ԯ׿ں޲ѣԼû˳ĻȻúõıΣɢǽħ
ԯ׿Ӻүӿе֪ε괦ħ֮УҲΪԯ׿ҲҪһǰħԭ
֪뿪Ļһ·ϣδȥԯ׿Ȼԯ׿ˡ
ڿջϢһϣڶգǰκǡ
κԾǷھһħ֮κǷ١
κǡ
үԯ׿λֵܱܲһЩ
ֳ˴ɽе˷ܣһ쳣˷ܣʲôϡ棬Ҫһ۲Ÿġ
ԯ׿ȴһʳ˼̻ģ˭һ۶Ҫ
Ĳǵһξôκǰħһȷľ

1463 ټ

1463  ټ
Դ뿪Ļʼԯ׿˱ͬİ·ż˶ԷҲὫ˴˵ɿ
үԯ磬ٿջϢһ£ҺڤҹҪǰκʹ
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СѾͷİɣƶһǾԲܵģ˵κôĵطƶҲ߶
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˵ԯ׿û˵һǰħľٶ֤ԯ׿ġ
ڤҹ뿪˿ջǰκʹ
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ħ٣ƴֿʱҪ׺͵ֵĻ˭Ҳ֪Ρ
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ɾڴǰӴɢӫĲҩ֮ʱһ
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1464 

1464 
κȼŵĵиˣų硣
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һĨЦ⸡κȵУһοĽ㣬κޱȵĿġ
ЩˣҲ֪ĽվҪ뿪ġ
Ľ㣬Һ㣬ÿ궼صȥûл
κȣˣÿصڿҩүүʱҪһʽǷ
֪ˣһررĸˡ
˵³̶ˣ˵Ļϻִˡ
Ļ³ڴʯĻң³ҪסڻҲ뿪
ΪΣ
ԭ򡣡
ܶ־Բԭ򣬶³˵ӣǱ
ûˣ³ֻö˵ļûүӸԼ
ֿ֪
˶ˣ³̵ĺӶѾʮˣǸأһ̳˶˵ŵ㣬ʼߡ
κ˵ʱųҲ׷׵˵ͷ
ǺǸɶõ֮ˣû´ĻǺڵΪ˾ؾ硣
ʮĺӲ˾ؾ硣
ȵǻҪ̬
ʱﱧСŮӤǰֲֹСŮӤۡ
κȱӣСŮӤǿ޸ͣСֲϵĻš
ΪĸκȻ۰Լĺӣȴ֪ӿֵΪΡ
ڴʱֵһĻˣıСŮӤڤҹߵʱСŮӤȻֹͣ˿
ˣСŮӤӶŵСץסڤҹĳȻЦ
һĻýͣ˽ŲСŮӤڤҹ
⺢ƺԵ֡
ؽСӤڤҹĻУϹħڤҹѹûӣ˫ֽӲţ۾ҲСӤΪԼһʲô⡣
ڣСӤڤҹĻаֵĺܣ޲֡
⺢ĺԵְ
ħ
ڤҹСӤһɴħ֣޳ָشСӤü䣬һĨɫϢ뵽Ӥڡ
⺢ħ壬ڷ˵ϣ֮󣬱Ϊͽ
⻰ڱ˶һֿĶͣǽˣڤҹ˵仰ɼҲʮϲ⺢ӵġ
Ľ㣬ְɡ
κЦţ˿ԼĺӣֽĿڽĵϣڴŸСŮӤһ֡

1465 ϱҴ

1465 ϱҴ
֣
ֵĻѵ˽ġ
ųκȡ
һ֣ǽǷȽϺá
ҡҡͷԺȷʵмõֻ֣ЩֶʺСŮӤݡ
ôȻû𣬵ҪСŮӤһЩǡ
˵ţĴӽָóһѵı
Щ֮аһЩƷϹľ޵ڵıȵȣ֮ѳһСɽôߡ
и࣬󲿷ֵĶ͸Сӡ
ģǲȥ˹ˣôô챦
ų˫˼ĿŽġ
ȥأЩǰռġ
ųһֽۣų
ڵΪѹ޷СѾͷ֮Ҿǿǰʥ֮ȥһ
˵һĲˡ
أ
뿪֮ǰǵ˵Ҫȥ
˵ԵʱκһЦ˳
Ľ뿪֮һұһȥɽӣôţת
˵ʱκĵΪеˡ
ϾŮʱԼȡ˻صԭ硣
վĹ⡣
ֻ⻹һСӣһֱһߡ
ȵ֮ףȴ˵ͽӣ
ˣʹһ٣ʱϢʱǶЦˡ
ʯΪֲиô֮£ǸҶ⣬Ҳǰ顣
ʱΣһ۵Сء
ԣԴӺֿ֮󣬱û֪ںδ
ĽģǴ֮󣬶ΪȻʲôⷢġ
κʾ⽪ĲõǣҪʲôȥá
һȺһϵʱ䣬ȵڶ峿֮ʱĲվؼҴǰ³һ
ٴ꣬Ҳվʱ
Ŀǰڤħ˳·һѡ
Ҵе֮һҪúõľһۣĩİ˸һ١
£תȥڤҹڽӵ뻳
ڽڤҹ˵ӰʧؼǰʱؼҴŻ
κȱźӣųվκߣǿǵʧӦ
ÿһ˶Լ룬
Ц⣬иڴǡ
ԴӼĵĵһۿʼбһ޷ļ¶ֱ֪ŮӣԼĵָоǰ
ֱڣһеĸҲ޷ɢ
ܿĺڤҹҸҲ֪ˡ
κȺųô᲻һֱŽģʼĬĬΪκ顣
˶ˣҲϴСˣǸóɻˡ
ųĻָʾҪȥ벻ʵʵİ飬ҪΪԼ¿ǿˡ
û߱ãʲôʱɻ飬ҲֻееǸ˳׵׵뿪Ǻ˱˼ҵĹô
֪ԼʲôˣҲ֪ĻһֱУʱҸŮӽӣǺǸġ
οؼһжΪؼöȥͺˡ
˵㡣
ų翴һҲֻԼ⿪ĵ׵Ľܽˡ
һߣѾ뿪Ľڤҹһʱ֮˴ʯҡ
ʱѾɫһһϮµ꿪ҵĴš
ųȻֻʮģ±ŷһ޷ݵϢ
ǻ³̵ĺˣᰡ
˭
ᰲĿվԼǰˣܸо˵ΪԶԶԼ֮ϣ׺͵֮ϡ
׺͵Ĺˡ
ЦţʱһӻҴ³̵Ĳҽ˷
ιϱҲˣҴˣҲˣҰɣ
㣿ҹҵȥȾƣ㲻֪ҵʱӲôҲͰˣ㻹öӸڻа³㳤Ϣˣ֪öӸ֤ˣ
ϣϣϱҴˣ´ҲңһΣұ֤һҲȥȾˣ˵ˣҪȥȾƵģ㵹˵˵
Ůͱ³ˣ³һ˹µĺܣȺȲ裬˭֪СӾȻŵȥȾƣ
ˡ㰥ιϱҴˣ
³డȥȾƣ񻹰ˣͷúܣ
ŻҴһָϰ⻭һνı顣
Ȼ׺͵Ĺˣȥ֪׺͵
ˣˣͺˡ
ЦŪ࣬һӣһѳ͸ᰡ
ļ񡣡
ѳϹҲǵӽָеҪŮһѼ񣬻治ᷢϹ
̣ǽô
Ȼ֪֣ǵ׻̶˵֡
ǰŮӣеĹâһ˲˸
ᰣ˵ʲôأʲộ
ڽ³̵Ļӵš
׵̻ˡ
᰻عͷҪ³̻˽ĻˣٴתͷʱǰнĵӰӡ
³̻ʱѹûˣΪԼӿˣɵг֮ʱɫסˡ
Ѳģ
пܣѾͷҲ֪
üͷĴţԾûзֽĵӰӡ
ߣȥǣҲؼӦˣȥʡ
£³ֱ̻ؼңȵؼ֮˽Ļˡ
ʱ˿̣ڤҹͻصκ
һصջջϰɥһҪĹ
ԣŮϽλɸŪ߰ɣССװλ񣡡
ڽ뿪ʱ䣬ԯ׿Щûѿջϰĥ
Ҳ֪ǺηϣͬеˣȴԷڣÿջϰ廹ΪԼˡ
⻹ɶɢ˵ʮǿʹסǷ׷˷˵Χ׷Χ֮˵ɢǿջӻԻһӵ䵽˼Ŵ󼪵ľ
ջϰɥһֻŽĸϽŪߣʱǮҲҪˡ
Ǹ
ǸЦţڸһЩ⳥֮󣬽һԯ׿ͷϡ
Ϊǵԭһ⳥ʮƽʮƽϢ㣬ȵĻȻҪġ
СѾͷƶǷһǧңǲǷҪƶŸġ
Ǹ⣬ȴħ֮͸үһԺŮϲү͵Ҳ˵׼

1466 ƶ̫

1466 ƶ̫
ԯ׿ˣĲ֪ôȰ˵ˣϾڶ֮ĸҲһˡ
Ҳֻеȵǰħҵ꣬׵׷еĽᣬڶ֮Ĺϵתġ
뿪κһʱ֮飬˳ŷȥ
ڽ֮ǰҪһˡ
Ҫһʦѵҩүү
ʱ죬ת۵ʱ䣬ʮ֮ˡ
³̺ͻĺӶʮˣųҲԼĺӣҵ⣬Ҳ·ϣڵؼҲ°߹½ΪһָĴ塣
˶˸ԵҸҲûʲôĵˡ
ڣ塣
СС˶ӣ
ڿĵʱΪԼˣ۾֮ȷǰŮӾǽġ
ǰµĿŽģƺҪһ
ʦʶѽ
ʶôʶ㻭˻ϷҲʶ㡣
ΪתˮģʱҩҲžƺ壬ĵʱ򣬱Ҳһʮֵľ㵡
ļٵģģǼС˶ƭݵô
ҩүүҿֱȷǰ˾ǽ֮۵һ˳
ҩүүɲһԼ˷ܼæŽһԡ
״Ҳһԣѯʮʱ䣬ȥڽ֮鶼ʲô
ȻȼѾ˵һ飬Ļǲ䷳˵Լڽ絽ʥ棬Խʥ֮һȫµ硣
ղ䣬Ƶ۹۹Ļ۹ص۹أҩүү۵׵˵Ļǵģǿʱ˿̵Ľƽ£˼Ҳһŵġ
ô˵Ҫȥڤô
ĻƺѾ֪Ļһȥڤһ
ţһεĿһǻʦҩүүǰȥڤȻȥħ
Ҳգ
̾һ̫̫ĻҪͽ˵һʱֲ֪οڣտ˿ҩҩ˵ͷ
Ŀʦҩүү֮ľٶȻʲôԼ
ʦҩүүʲô顣
СѾͷµҲˣԴӻ֮ٴأ֮ǰռһԡ
ʾڤҹԼ߻سڣյĿĵڤħ˴һʮΣգˡ
һ㣬һ̾һ뽪˵
ռչ֮ʧˣΪʦпȥħ
ȥħ
ţпܡ
Ƿ̫̫࣬ھܵҪ񣬵һʧˣʧٵʱúصʱһȣһǰħ
һҪǰħ
ʦ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
Ҫ˵ĻһὫħġ
Ϣһ֮󣬽ĺҩүү˶һڼϸϸĻ顣
ҩүүǾ̾û뵽ʥ֮Ȼһأ󲻵ǿ
Ѿϸ첲ȵͣǶһǰʥ֮磬һһ
ѾˣҲ֪жõʱܹ硣
ʦһŮӣħ壬ػһ컯
ţΪʦҲ㵽һЩȵĺӣǺˣڲ͵ýӻΪƬµĴ˵
˴ϥ̸һʱ䣬ֹ˵߷顣
֪ڶ죬ҩѾĲʡ£Ϊ̺Ӹλ˵ϡ
ʦҩүүһ뿪㲻֪ľʹ˰ݱˡ
֪Ϊʲôָо
һ֮󣬱㲻֪Ժܼʦҩүү
˸ĸүү֮ûйˣԴ֮ҩүүĶ鲻ȵ١
ڵϣĳѾĲʡµҩͷ뿪壬뿪ڡ
ʵҩүүѾˣҲ֪ĹǵǰԼǱ𣬿ǲ뿴СѾͷȥĻ档
ɽϣ˫ָ˫֮ˮ
³һֲ̧еˮôһ˻ޱӣΪ顣
˺ˣǶѾˣҲԼأֻҪӲʣһ뺢ٴġ
Ҳ֪ɾ᲻á
޵ĺһСһҩε̾һ
Ҳǣ⼸Ӷڶ˵˵ͽܣԼӶҪҪ
Ψһľúƽ¡
˺ˣô˻ģ˵ˣļҪҪȥֲǲˣҹǱˡ
ҩȰ˵ֹͣ˺ޡ
·ڵǲĿվɽϵͷΪҩء
Ѿ뿪ڵĽֱȡ
ڤҹӵŽ뻳Լ¶ůеŮӡ
ȵеƽϢ֮ΪͷٻڣʱסõʱΪŷ˶ãɺá
š
ͷǿǣһĨЦ⡣
˵ǼٵģַֺϺϾ۾ɢɢ
߰ɣӿγǰڤ
ͷʦôѹţͷΪ뺫үӲ¡
ǼΪƵѹ㾳磬֪ǽĻеүӵľ粻ʱ⡣
ͷʦͱ㻹ҪС
İһʲôͷϸϸҩүүͼһû
ôƶ̫ˣΪʦͱƶء
ЦţЦʮǷᡣ
ǰȣ·˱꣬ͣ˰֮ٴγ
ȵ˷ɽڲѾǵڶ飬ɽΪʱԭѾֲǣǸɽ֮еֻ಻١
ҵ찡ƶûпɣ
һɽȵľ޴ۣ۾˲ų⣬ʲôζһ
ү㲻ЩѰɣжģ
ƶռһ³ԣѽ߽ѣȻ˵жǿݾƣƺ֢ܶġ
ҪǣΪ߽ѵԣĻڵѾҵֶ棬û뵽Ȼôı
۾ĽԽȽ˵ʲôһɽ֮Уʼ׽߽ѡ
ļǵã˸˱߽׷ĺ͹һæؽɽУ˷ڤڡ
Щ߽ȴ׷ĺ͹ַЩܲܣʵˣ
ɽеĻ߽ԭĸ׼ǵͣЩû뵽ԼΪ˾ƺ«еʳ

1467 ڤ

1467 ڤ
иƺ«ƺ«һԽа«֮УһʱİƣΪ˺«ֵơ
ɽȵĻ߽ѿʼµĴ˴Ӵţһ޲öֻ׷
аʱʱ䣬ԭɽȵĻ߽ѾʣΪʮ
£ƶֻǽƳҩƣʱ츣£񲻱ڵĹ»Ҫࡣ
ǻ߽˵ĻĻһʮ˱顣
գһ߽ѱھƺ«֮С
ˣչ
Ļžƺ«治ɯɯƺ«еĻ߽ѿʼڻˣֻҪȵһʱ䣬һ«ҩϸüǮ
ңҩƵǮúõĳһ٣
ڻǮߣһӶûС
ӿʼڣûд㻹ǮһǮûд㻹ģԼľڽĵ
߰ɣ
ɽеĻ߽ѱøɸɾǰ·ڤҹڽξԯ׿ˡ
ԽߣԽɭֱڤڴǰ
ļǵõڤڴƺݹʲô鶼ûһ
һ£
ڽڤʱ򣬽óҩ裬Ƚһҩȥ
˵ǲT̤ڤģȳʣһżҩȽס
ô
ǻҩûЧһô죿
үǾûõĻ˾ǣαء
ôô໰ûֳԲˡ
˷ҩ֮󣬽ĺڤҹ̤ڤڴ񵱳֮ʱĻһѰڲߣԽԽɭ䣬ΧĿžҪ
һ޷ݵţΧڰĿ־ʱػһ˫˫֣˺飬ӵ޾Ԩ֮Уֻܶء
ˣСһЩ
ΧĹâһЩſΧĻ档
ԭΪԼĴΧĻǧֻѪɫ˫ڲϵĻš
ȥƶһ
˺һһ˫ѪɫĴֽץסĵۣзǴƺһæ˻ȥ˺ų䡣
ڤҹʲôط
һԶɳǧֻֻ۶ɵ쳣ɭֲ⵽ʲôط
Ͼһ·ָţнӴЩ֣ᱻУΪ·ϵԩ֮һ
·Ҳԩ·Ҳǰ֮˲Żᱻһ˫˫У֮ᱻǣ
Ҳ˵үǰԲŻᱻЩָȥ
Ϲ˵ôܣƶһħؼ䣬ô
ߣ
˵仰ںԯ׿һɫһҲû˵ʲô˼ԩ·ϣֱߵ·ľͷ
һ޴ʯסˣػʯǰ˿ˣɵüͷ
Ҳ˵갡
԰Ҳûָߣզ¶
±ƲѣǴ˵ûзκȥ֮˵Ϣ֮öпֻ쳣
Ǹɶڤе¶
Ŀڸ֪ͨϣڤЩҪ˵
ɶҪڤˣΪԼʲôˣʲôʸڤˡ
ЦŽģеĳһᣬס˵ȥ·
˲ܽĵطҪǲڴ˸Ͽ뿪ͱֵܶ˲ˡ
еĳʱһһǿϢ˵
ڤҹϸһĨ˪֣Ѿȥܻܲ˵
ڴʱԭպϵڤŻźصʯ죬һһֻڻвſĵͼĸڽǰ
ôˣӻδı䡣
һ뽪ĶУǵڤҲڤҹĵܵܡ
ǣڤҹ֣ҡҡͷѰһʯǰš
ʯΧĻ޷ݣ䴫ŵʮ˲ˡ
ǵĲҽ˷ص˵Ķߣ죬лŵҵĳȾġ
ʯŵľͷһźµŮӰŶձԵ޳ûΣŮӰરવĳǸӣ˳ֵʱƺЩͷ
ɣڤ˵ء
˵ţŮǰ·˸ںŮ
ʱڤ˹һץ˫˫Ŷż
ŴˣҪܣκűץ˻
֪֪ˣĥĥģѹȥһͻȥ
ǣ
ŮӲǱˣ䴫еţ䴫Ҳͬ
ǿڿഫ񻰹УһϸˣһޣƢ̫á
һǼǵžУȵڤ˴깫ͻûС
֪ǰ˭ûϵҪΪڤŲ뿪κš
ĸ˱һĹ㳡ϣ˼仰֮ת뿪
˵Ҳ֣ڹʯ֮ԭ谵յڤ羹Ȼһ˿˿⣬ڤĴҲɢһϵϢ
˵ģҪΪǰħҪõڤƣΪڽԯ׿ǾԲܵڽݶ
Թţڽ͵ڽ㿴Ҳ˳ҿ㲻˳ֱۣˡ
ڤҹڤܵôһ֮ú˵
Ȼ֪ڤҹڤ֮巢ʲô飬ӷŵڤƺûз¶ڤҹеԹޡ
Ҳǣڤҹڤ֮ĲѡΪǼħ˵ڽ磬Ϊħ졣
ǰڤҹڤۿԼĸ˼壬ΪħбȻҵİɡ
ɶ⣿ڤܵܣϹħô
Щ±ˣֻ֪ڤҹϹħݣʲôʱֶڤݣԲۣҪҪô
˵ʲôʲôΪ򲻻κιľٶ
ش󣬷˵Ļ˵ôʱȥˣҲСˡ
ˣһʱ֮ڤټˡ
мһĿŴһϮɫͷڵˣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ڤ
ּˣǵһμ滹Ǽǰˡ
ŽģڤǶһЦ⣬˺ɫΣڤߣԶκڤҹ
ñúÿһ˵ѾϹŮ񣬿ȴһ㶼ûб䡣
ϹŮ񣬻ڵĽģûκθı䣬ԾǸççײײһеӡ
һμģڤ̫̫ĻҪ뽪˵֪ڽĵļУԼûӡ
ôʱ䣬Խĵİ˿δҡ
ڤǵһļ𣬶ӡҲûжڤļ䣬Īģ˲İ

1468 

1468 
ڤк֣ܶڤ߽ģֽڤء
֪һĿħħΣ֣㵱Ҫǰħô
ڤضԽĵ̬Ⱥºͣ˿ײвڤȫͬ
Ϊԭ򣬱ϹʱڤغϹŮ֮һЩ顣
Щ鲢Ů֮鰮ֻһЩѰ£ҲΪˣڤذŮӡ
ʱϹʮ󣬽ΪϹŮػķֱһķҪǰڽ¡
ʱڤҹǣ֮ڤأһʿԩ飬ҲΪˣڤضϹŮ񸶳ġ
˭ϣڤҹĳֳ׵׵ĴڤصмƻΪڤҵĳӶħȴδڱ׵Ůˡ
ʱʮʱ䣬һһϹŮģڤζٰ㸴ӣȻڤƵıڤҹ
ϹŮһĽģڤҹҪԼ
ڤҹԯ׿˽ڤʼڤڤرΪˣǿһ
ǰŮӣڤһŽģǷҪǰħ
ħΣգĻ˺ħսǣĻңʱڤֳ˱͵ı״̬ʹò޹ԩ޷ĲֻأΪ
һս֮Ҳвٹ̤ħΪħ
ţҪҪǰħһˣϣڤи㡣
ڤħ֮ķ϶һСɽһľ޿أûڤƣǺү˶޷롣
ħ뿪ħ̤ڤдҲ̤ڽ磬ΪڤͽЩ˸ֻ
ڵʱڽڽĸַ׷ڤ磬ѹס˵ڽħս
ҲΪˣ
ĿˣڤҲ֪ǰħɣ˼Ƭ֮ժƽ˽ġ
һ֪ħ˴ǰǵħ֮һҪС²ſɡ
ãлڤˡ
Ľӹƣʱһڤ֮Уһ߷ϵһһʱڽӴûпĵĴڡ

߲Ǳˣֳؼҵĵճ
һμû뵽ڤˣֻᵽڤ統û뵽ڣ
ĵ鱾̧ͷĵʱһ¡
ġôʲôʱģôˣ
һʳ⣬ֻ˻߳ڤĹԱԼڵڽİǷɽ룬ô
ûҪȥħһЩ飬Ҫõڤ˵ƣû뵽ڤ統
Цţڤ統˲ƺһСٶ֪Ϣһܸ˵ġ
ͽƬ̣ע⵽ʱĴڻˣص⡣
е鱾˫ַϣʾڤû鱾
ȳȥˣһ
š
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ֳʱħϣΪ˱ȫؼңѡ
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˶Ҫôжôᣬ޲еİ뽪һˡ
ǽĺڤҹ֮ѾϰΪľٶڤؿڤҹǹģǰҫԽĵռȨ
һ˲䣬ԭɭڤ
˽ϵ·Ծ˿ˮ۾ܸоõڤŭ
ԯ׿Ĭһսøڤҹڤֵܶˡ
һϹħһڤ֮䵽״ʲôԹԹǲ֪˵Ļ棬ȻһȷѪ꽵١
ˣȥΪ򡣡
ڤҹǰŽĵա
Ŀ˿ڤҹֿ˿ڤأȻ֪ڤҹԼ֧Ҫʲôǵģֵ֮ܶƱҪ
ðɣӦңһҪúõؽ¡
Ļе˼Ҫڤҹڤأʲô˵֣ܶԲԶ֡
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ЦռۣڤҹĿŽ뿪
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ڤŹϵһ̣˭Ҳ֪淢ʲô飬㽪ŶȥҲκε
ý
⣬˽ԯ׿֮⣬ԼʯԱ̴߳ӵŮš
ϹŮ֪ڤ˺ϹħһսҲǶ˶ô
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һ˵ڽ磬ûڤ׼ԲԲڽڽ֮飬ٻˡ
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˵ؼҷ飬˵ؼֻʣֻʣһԼ֮ʱĺó
ģôŬѾ½ؼңؼҳΪ߹½һָļ塣
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ڣؼܵܵĴվ߹½۷塣
³һЦ
˰ˣһѾȥʱˣڤıһݲѾԵˣڽؼңͽˡ
οҲȵٹ⣬֪֪ܵؼҵĽҲеĽ
ιô
վһԵĿŽĺȻΪĻԯ׿ˡ
ڽ˿ڽˣڽҲڽˣ֮໥ӣһʲô飬߻Ҫ
ĪҪ۹⿴ƶƶΪ㰮ƶΪѵģ
һ仰ǵ۵׵Ũǧٱ
үģǵڽħֶˣҲȥڽˣһòȻ
ڽڵڽоһȺαӣ춼£ȴ١յĹ
ݹ⼸ʷڽ˶ȱµĹ˦ǵڽ硣
ߣ
Ҫڤ׼䣬ڤڵʱڽȺˡ

1469 ô

1469 ô
ڽ˿ڽˣڽΪڽ˶һȺòȻµαӡ
ǣڽ绹ǵڽ磬ڽ硣
ԣŶԯ׿źܴĵ⣬Ҳ֪ԭʲô
ĵľڤҹڤˡ
罫У֪浽׷ʲô顣
ڤҹܴ飬ڤ
Уڤûʲôӡ˵Ϥǵ֮ᷢһЩ벻顣
վһԵŽĵǵɫڰο
ģڤ˳ٵڽô꿴׶ŭġ
ʹشˡ
˵ţҲŵǣи˲⡣
⣿
ЩڤЩ꣬˽⵽ڤһǿˣܴŭڤ
Ӧû֪Ϲħڤ˵ֳӦǼ̳ڤ֮λˣǺΪһЩħΪʮµϹħ񡣡
Ϲʱʼڤ
˿еһ˵һǵڽһӴļ壬ҪΪڤҷ
ô꣬Ϲŵļżıϡ
һȻ֪Ϲڤһ顣
ǲǼĻڤڤڤأڤҹҲϹħ
һ֪ģ˵ڤһ֣˽⵽еԭС
ǻǾ仰Ȼڤʱ䲻Ƕڤ˽⣬ڤһƵĴ顣
СѾͷƶڤҹúõش¡
վֵ֮ܶ飬ǸԤĻʵ䷴ֵܶԼ⿪˴֮Ľᡣ
һʱʱ䣬ڤĴڻ
ڤҹ˫ָҰ֮УĵʱһĨЦ⸡ڴǣб֮⾡ɢȥֻʣޱ޼ʵᡣ
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ʱڤдڤصĻʾǰľ޴壬Ѱһʮˡ
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дôӵĻ棬Ҳĳ

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ڤˣ
ʮعͷǰļˣڿŽ֮ʱҲһС
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ħڤϿȣһǿĽ罫ħڤָһһͷػħ֮ţֹ˽룬Ҳֹħ˳
ʮʱ䣬ڤϿȡ
ػʥޣ򲻿˫۾ӣ޾ֻ֮УҲ޷
ʮһθ֪ˣǰϿȥħʱ򲻿ʥ޶ӣʥ޵۾ԣᷢ޷Ԥ顣
ʱ򣬼ڤ˳Ҳ޼ˡ
ϿȴϵȫһƬɫ֮Уֺڰ֮еˮһ˿ǰʲô
𡭡
ڴʱһ޵ŭ֮صؼ䣬ص˶ԣ漴һɫĹâ˲Ͽȡ
һֻ;޴ĳͷȴӥһȫƬ
էֵһ̣ʮʾ˸Ͻͷ
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ѹѹ˵࣬ʮͨһڵϡ
ذ쵴˵ĻСľ޴֮ˣ˴˱ڤ֮Ϊλүǰħ
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쵰˫ɫڽڤҹ·ԯ׿ϡ
񣬺ڰڽߣ
һ۱㿴˽ĺڤҹǼ̳йڰ֮ˡ
ƺڡ
ľеƣʾȷȷʵʵڤơ

1470 øô

1470 øô
쵣Ϲžޡ
־ϸ˵ħޣҲʥֻ֣֮С
س֮ʱ쵱ϡ
ϲķڤ֮С
˭֪ڽڽڽħ˴սһƽ
գں˴֮󣬱ػڤħ֮ʯţΪľǷֹ˽˽ȥһƽ⡣
վԼǰˣǼ̳˹ڰĶˣƺһЩϤǾ벻ʲôʱ
ȷҪǰħ
쵵ʮֵĻ󣬺ƻصߣ־ǰ
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һθ߸߾𣬽ļסʮĻû̧ͷȥӰ쵵˫ۡ
һʱ䣬һɽһ㣬ǰʯŻǰԾһƬɫ
һֺɫǰ쵵۾Ĺâħеɫʡ
һ·ʱʮ˵һЩħ顣
ħĴڲڽڽ͵ڽ綼һֲĴڣ֪ħ֣֪εΣ֮ء
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ԯ׿ڽĻˣ˵ΪħӣȻ̬˭֪ıƤ֮ŵʲôħ֣ʮŻǧԯ׿˲ҪʹΪ
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ƨԭѾԶȥʧӤˢˢĻعͷ
ƶҲ̲סˣʱ̫ӡ
Ҳǹģ̲סˣԲŻˡ

ӤһȺǧҰǣ糱ˮһѪɫӤȺӵĳӿ

״ãʮǰʾĸ˸ĽŲǧ򲻿ʹκΪԯ׿
Ӥ鲻ϵ׷˹ԽԽ࣬һʮ״Ѫɫڤҹԯ׿ĸǸʮûš
ڣСʱ֮һһɽ֮ϣɽһɫɢŹâСݡ
СһƬɫʮֵۣȺӤƺҲ·ɫâСݣһɽ֮ǻߣֲķߵʳ
ãݻڡ
ʲô
һССɫСݾȻܿӤ飬ʲôֲ
Ҳֻ֪ǰħʱҲЩӤ飬ǧһ֮ʱܵɽϣ
ʮ˵ǰ飬ʱѾеϣ׼
ֵǣЩӤͬһɽۼûǾɫСݡ
ôʱȥˣСԾ
ǣĸô
ҵĿɫСݣԺиֳĸĸ֡
ĸݣ
ţƶҲֻпĸݵļء
ԽԽ
дһƬ޵ĿռУһɢɫâֲֲѲȥĸûΪ˵ıػӤ顣
𷽲һĻǰݾĸˡ
˵ĸݵļأԼȺӤĹԡ
ֲܿӤ顭
׼ȷ˵ÿݣǰЩӤԹ
㿴ʲô
ԯ׿ָŲԶƽ͹һУֵĺɫУȻԼԼȴܿ
øô
ǶڽݵȴӤ׷ܣģҪôǱжôǱ
Ϊ˲ñ¶ԼݣֲΪӤ飬ħ˲֪Ƿ顣
ûмǴĻǰĳʥӦĸǣɡ
ʮƬ̣ѲĸˣǰյͼϵָٻҪյʱܵĸǡ
ôˣ
ʮ壬ʲôס

1471 ܺÿ

1471 ܺÿ
ʮ彫еĵͼġ
λãǰյͼϵ꣬ҪֻвŻᵽĸǡ
ʮҲ֪ô¶ֻܵЩʱĸˣ
Ҳֻһԭ֮ܽĲ졣
ʱӤѾȥԶĵƽϱĸǡ
ʲôףҲҪǲѯһʥϢ
һħĿΪʥŵ֪εħڲ֪ҲУԯ׿ҲҲһħ
񣬵Ŀıҵħ
ĸǡ
ħһңԼƵͳν׼ħһΪʮףÿһ׶ԼÿһǶħǵħס
ĸǱĹϽڡ
ĸǣַĴϣħǻƷģ֮Ѱûʲô
ħÿһ˵üĶһ־ȫȫڽĳ˷ֱ治
ڣڽĸǵʱ򣬶ԼüĻӡǡ
ڤҹüмӡǳڽ֣֮ƻعһֲѹüĺɫˡ
ƶһ⣬˵ħħأϹħأ
ӽĸǿʼ˼⡣
һħĹһϹħ񣬵˭˸ʤһ
үģ뿪ħ֮ôǷҵǮźá
Ѿͷ۾ôֻǮǮǮģƶΪħȳȥ֮ծϵһʹˡ
֪ε飬ԯ׿Ҳû
ڤҹʮһջʮƾŲĽܿıͿջʳǴһƬ
Ⱦƣپֵ͡
Сֵܳ
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ǲ֪˵ǰʱ˽ʥ͵ħȡ
ļٵģʥĻĶô
һᵽĻʱħÿһ˵Լ۵׶ǼΪ޵ı顣
ҪûĻĻħôְյĵطʮĹ⾰
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ԯ׿һɽı˼㣬ò˵Ůװĳɫͺɽеӡ
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û뵽ƽݵڳȥ֮Ȼ˿ԡǿ
Լʲô硣εӣΪţԴû뵽һӸڵס©®ɽĿ֮Ĳء
ȿȣ
ڤҹԯ׿ÿÿ
ȻΪΪ
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ƶܻܲŤҪ
Ůװܸоȫû·һڡ
԰ǵүǼ¶Σ֮С
ڤҹڻеĽĿ˼֪ԯ׿˶ԼĳƺҲҪı䣬ƶƶģ˵ҪɤܶǾͶǡ

1472 Ѿͦÿ

1472   Ѿͦÿ
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ȺУʮǰŮװĽĸαаŮװڤҹԯ׿ˡ
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ħ˶ŽܸǴˣʵԸ
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ЦţһֻֻڴߵϣһĵĿ߲ɫĽ滹ֹ˵š
ҵʥҵΣҵ񡣡
ĵĻֻڤҹһԵ˷ܵĿŽȫѾߵĽɫ
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һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĲ֪ħɣٴ̫ˡ
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1473 ǲ

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ε̾һһȵԽĵʱǳסɭʱˣħʱˡ
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ģԼħ˲ὫΣ㡣
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ĸ˵Ϊףħԯ׿ڽ֮ˣħΪʹ޵Ĵڡ

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1474 ȷҪβô
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һֻһֻĴֲϵĽ󴬲УһƱҪ֫һ㡣
һһִֻ˴յĴףѪɫĴץסһħˣȵزС
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ĵ˵ͷȻ֪׳ǳĹء
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˵Ҫһݽħǣһᱻɲ

1475 ܰܰ

1475  ܰܰ
Ŷ˼˵īԨȥħǣ
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֪
ݷҡҡͷ֪ôشĵ⡣
ڶ׳ǵǺܺãǸ˺ܳ谮ԼԼзкÿ·ֻǡ
֪үҺܺãҵļиĸеܵãǷҲˣһĵġ
˵˵ʱݷ۹е˳յ˵ϣһεˮڵϵʱһɫ޵Ļ˲ſ
ݷ˵Ŀ⿴ԶҲã
ƺ֪ԼӦǷԼϲ˻صĸߡ
ìܵ鲻ϵĽ֯ţ־ᣬݷתͷġ
ѾܾûпˣҳôҺã
ݷҪĸһ𰸣񣬶һʬһֹǰ
ϲīԨô
ܰܰүҺܺãҳԵĸҴģȹҵ
ݷ˵˵ͷȷԼϲīԨԣǰ
Ů˶ˣӶɷİ
ɻǾ仰ңĸõܵܶڣˡ
ǲ֪Ϊʲô֮˻ؼҵ·ֻҹλصʱε˵ú͵ܵܡ
ң岻֪ô¶оһı仯ţѾԼˣȷ˵оԼһˡ
ݷˡ
΢΢̾һ֣ݷ˵ĶǰʱԵĿԼĵؽ粢˼䣬һĶħ֮أħ
û˼̫еֻһƬѪɫء
Ҫһ㣬ħ˽ʱ䲻ͬݷ˼Ǹ׳ǲõʱ䣬˽͹ȥ˼ʮꡣ
ĸĸֵܻѾˡ

1476 īԨ

1476 īԨ
ܿóݷ˺ϲīԨڶôģĵЩ档
ݷ˿Լڵĵط˼䣬˽ĹȣˣԼĸĸѾȥ
һʱ䣬ݷеˮֹסķӿţ˫ֽرסԼʹֵĿ
ľվһԣݷˡ
Щʵ˵ݷ˵һЩҪףҪѡ񣬶һζãӱܡ
ݷˣԼĲ˼ħǷء
һʱ䣬ݷֹס˿̧˫۽ǵˮһĨɬЦռ˫ۡ
ˣԸҽһô
ݷ˵
֪ݷҪ˵Ĺ±īԨǵĹ¡
һżȻĻᣬŮݷɽѰҲҩֻҪҵҩһüǮʱйǮˣܵҲܴ·ϺóԵĶ
ɾݷɽʱɽһ·ֻ꣬ʮ߰ģһ˫ɫӺǺÿ
·ʲôط
ݷ˲֪ǰ˭ĵĻش˵⣬ҺĵĽͷ伢
Ϊһɲһʱʱ䣬ݷ·ˣԭϤ·İĺܡ
ݷ˻ֲʱһһĹӵ·ӿϣؼ֮ʱ־
갲οݷˣǣݷ˵ֻصԼļңĵչš
꣬īԨɡ
ţʱҲ֪Լʲôطֻ뿪صУʱһһʧ֪Ϊʲô˺ܶ顣
ݷ˲֪ԼôˣΪʲôҪ鶼ˡ
ǰĹ˵һеˣԭԼѾ˽磬ħ
Ƕ׳ǵĳһУļı
ô˱롣
ҡ֪
ҡҡͷݷ˲֪ԼǲīԨްɣеİѾ˳ޡ
³һݷ̧ͷɫ졣
ĻƣˮһС
ô˵Ѿѡ񣬴ص˽ô
ݷ˵Ѿѡ
ӡ
ʱݷס˽ģ
ʱʱ䣬Ŵݷ˵ʶ˳
ӡ˫ֻ£³һڻ֮
û¶
ҡҡͷʾԼû¶
ʱīԨѾȲⲽ
ѿīԨĳ谮ݷˣȻ֪ΪīԨʹĵֶνݷ˴˼˻ʱīԨݷ˵飬׳ǳ˶С
Ȼֻʮ߰ģΪȴǸĪ⣬Ҳ̹ȻȥͺѰڼûʲô𣬿һǾҲҪɵ֡
ôһħ߳Ƶȴʹ˱ɵֶջһ˽Ůӡ
ѵΪһͷô
˲֪Ҳס
˵ˣħ˽磬ڤڽȵȵȵȣŮ࣬ΪƫƫҪץסݷ˲ţΪݷˣҲҪץס֡
ôô˵
һĳīԨæǰŽĽΡ
үһ⡣
ʲô⡣
īԨݷ˵Ĳ飬ʾ⽪ʲôһЩʳ
֪ݷ࣬ħֲ֮ʵ֢״ΪλҪִţֻΪһͷô
ô˵ʼЩɽǷܺعͨīԨҲһЩƬ֮īԨ³һ֪ԭ
Ӧ֪ħÿ궼һѣǶȹˣ԰һ꣬Ƕɲȥ˲ɢ
ħ˵ǿ󣬲ͬ壬ÿһʱɽ٣һȥ˼䣬Ҳɽ֮ʱ
ʱ˼㣬ǰڽɽ٣ѱһ·ˣ·Ҫʳ
·ǽʳѱȥˣûУᵱɻҽɢ֮䡣
˵ģīԨʱҲ֪ȴԼĽʲôˣаӣء
زͷչ˵о˴δйů
˵ʱīԨе޷⣬ǶİŵŮ޵ĳͰ޿ɴ档
Դһ̿ʼһһҪúõذ
֮ǽĴؿĹ£رīԨԼıħ
Ȼಢͨڤħĳһʱĳһ֮£Բͨڤħ֮С
ѾȺʱīԨӢ۵֣²ݷ˵ġ
үֶΡ㲻ϸ
ֻҪϲɣͱ˵һ˵صˡ
īԨѾûĺͽںȥҪ֪صĴ𰸡
ү½ݷ˵ʶʱݷǧĿԶǸһһЦ
ĽԼݷԵһжһһʮĸ֪īԨں𰸡
ĿҪ˵𰸵ʱīԨ˫ȭ
ǰᶨˣţݷ˵Ĵ߻īԨøݷ˵ߡ
ݷ˵ƺܰףˮ壬մغͺǵһĺɫһҲ롭ǣ
һתīԨ̧ͷ쳣ڴŽĽĻ
ʲô
ݷ˵ûƣȴһȴˣѡԼܻõʱ䣬ֻһҲǸߡ
ǸˣָıīԨ
ݷ𰸵ʱīԨ˵ľһһꡣ
ȻѾõݷ˵Ĵ𰸣ΪݷƣүԵƬ̡
úúãȥ㣡
һЦݳīԨϣīԨŽĽ˷䣬ʾϽݷƲ顣
»ص˷䣬īԨѪһ磬ֹħϢʳݷ˵壬ԴԴϵṩάݷ˻ȥ硣
ݷѾϰīԨȻжϣݷɸ˺
ֹʱʱ䣬ٴ뿪ʱ򣬶ͷϸֳһϸСĺ顣
ΪҪķѶΪֻΪܶκеֻܴħĿгȡͬϢ硣
ڽ˵Ǹչ֮飬ǲΪҲԴӱĵط
ˡ
ԺóԵġ
ſڤҹĻУɢİڤҹĳ
Ҫʲô
ʲôãֻҪʳﶼóԡ
ʱűīԨƿˣҲվһЩҵ
ҽʦˣ
үĻݷѾްˣүֻҪÿһʱ佫֮бɣһ㻹Ҫүע⡣
˵֮أάֽīԨΪһжϣ飬ʱħаҲ޷Ȼݷˡ

1477 

1477 
˵һ鶨ҪСĲǣʲôⷢ㲻ԭˡ
ģԻþأҽʦҪ𡣡
үĻҽݷ˵Ļɲ򵥣Ҳ١
๫ʲôʱȥħȲˡ
ڤҹɤӣǺżģߴԼ๫Ͻ뿪׳ǣǻҪǰħء
ڤҹ⻰īԨһڽϡ
Ҫǰô
ǰº˸ոճɻ鲻ã˻У±˼ѾȥǿһˣһЩֻҪǲеı̥ҩ
Ż
Ļո£㿴ڤҹ˸Żµģģͻɡ
ڤҹ˵ԼĻвΪڤҹ˴Ĵָ
ã֮ҲҪǰǣ˳·Ǽ뱾һǰҲ١
ôôҲ޲ֻװεӴӦҲŻ˵ڤҹص᷿
ǰŸһ̤᷿ıЦЦǽиˬ֪ĻΪҽʦķ˻̥
ɶ¶ôЦ
ڷԼԼ̧ͷſЦֹĽģɶЦ˵ֺֺǰ
û¶û¶Ѿȷˡ֮үһǰǡ
ɶ¶
Ѿͷ޶˵ЦȻʲôȤ顣
ԯ׿ǿһڤҹոտŵʱڤҹҩҽĻһСģӵǻеи͵иκβС๫
һԯ׿Ѿ²⵽һе鼮
ڶ׳ǵʱ䣬ݷڽĵĵ֮𽥻ָ˵ɫīԨŽҽ̸ħ顣
֮һӶ׳ǳǰħǡ
īԨݷһڳһǰǡ
īԨݷ˳һڤҹԼԯ׿ĸ˳һ
ħһż˸׵붼ǣΪĿʥһ¡
ţ˰ɣīԨûǸ˼
ķ˸ڤҹϿŹڼħȤµһЩ鼮
ڵħе죬༫信ΪҲͣһй֮޲
ŵϲɱ¾൱бħԼҲɽܶͶ߾ߣûбҪǾԲħģΪľǵħһ˱촦
ʥȻ͵ħģ˻᲻Ҳδ֮У
ĥĿԣȫųܡ
ǵ֪ϢҪħ˹ڽ磬µȼս
֮Ĵ˺ĻǽڽһشĴһᲨǧ綯
޷ʧ
һо͵ȵ֮ˣ
ķ˸鼮ϼŵһȤ֮ʱɵ˳
ڤҹ㿴û뵽ħ˼
鼮ϼţħӳǰʼʹźĿףֲ쳣ңħʵò˶Ѿնɱ
ˣ˵ħ쳣ΪʲôҪĿ޹նɱأ
벻ףַһҳ
һҳݸý𺳡
ҵ찡ɣڤҹ㿴
һҳ鼮мŵĲǹħ飬һ޴½硣
ǸУŸֲͬޣǿޱȣˣ䣬׻룬ѵȵȵȵȡ
ϼûĻ˪ڵ硣
˵˪ָеһֱڳ˯ţѵԽˡ
죬С׺;ˡ
ļǵã˪콻Լ֮ʱǧȵ֮һҪһص޴½ȥʵλá
ȵʥ鴦֮󣬵ȴ֮Ǳǰ޴½
ΪһĸסҪ飬ܿԼڱ׷ɱ֮󹶻һ硣
ĻҪһ޴½ļأ鼮ֻǽ޴½飬һЩ߰˰˱Ȥ¡
ҲΪµݣý˽һ޴½顣
ǧС磬ñڣñˮ򣬺ñɭȵȣ޴½֮һ
޴½һ壬壬׻ȵǿƬ½ϡ
˵޴½ҲĴڣֻ൱ϡ٣޳ưԵ磬ʵΪ
ǿʲô
ָŲԶһƬɫֲֲڸϵӿţеǽħ֮ʱֲ
ĿǸǰеֲһԵţһֽ޵ֲ׼ȷ˵һֲϵа
֮ԸΧû֣Щڶоʳ
ֻΪүĴڣЩ޲ǻĻͳΪ˶޸еʳ
ĪҪһ뿪Ǳץȥ˱ᱻѪˮʲôҪĻұˡ
л磡
ɫߺߵĻعһ˫ӾȻһﲨĵ궯͡
ڤҹ˫ȵĽĴָ̾
ɧĳ棬
ѽүҪô˵˼ô˼Һߡ
Ż£
ǽ֮һַӵ˼£Ҳ֪ܵ˲š
˵ΣĺڤҹյʱҲȥ̽ûмεӰӡ
ү˵εɢ֮ʱħϢħ
ڽˣĳħȻһȻ󲨣Ҫ֪εӦǺܼ򵥡
֮һЩħ˺˶֪飬ֻһϵԼԼļ˵ƻ鷢ֻ¶ûþͱѹ
ֻõһõϢεڶǡ
ӣǱҪǰһˡ
ʥε꣬Ѱӵڶ֮С
ǰʮյʱ䣬ǵδħǡ
ħĶΪȨļȨģģʮֵӴ󣬷Ȼ֮һոȥܽŸ߸ߵĳǽʮֵϡ
ͣڵϣĵҲ
үȻѾ˶ǣǼ˱㲻ٴүˡ
ðɣҲҪȥʹҲڷλˣʹ˱
лүʹ˱
๫˼Щܣ߰ɣ
úúãߣְֲ
ĲšСڤҹתīԨ෴ķ
ħǿ˵棬Ĳڤҹԯ׿һլӡ
լеڳԷ˴Ƭ̡
ˣò

1478 ±Ƶͷ

1478  ±Ƶͷ
˫ֱȭ򡣬߿еļȶûȥͱԯ׿һһҵϽ˷С
Ǹɡ
߸˵㱻һȣֻصĽкš
Ļͱ졣
ݵһԯ׿еذףвǲĻ͸ϽͱϣҪȻͱˡ
ſˮŵĶˡ
͵һֻѣҪɡ
үһϢС㻳ˡ
ŲɤΪĺϢԺеĽĲڤҹ˳ϡ
һ̫ˣΪ˺úõĺһ
岻ãĪҪ˵ǡ
ĺڤҹһһԺĸ˵ʾȥ
ӽ붼ǿʼڰжǣֱЩҲ
һģĲŻѡһլӣŻзһĻ
֨¡
ƿţĿߣ˫ֱȭһǣִӻóһЩǮǰϣʾɰ
ʮֱǸ׷ɱǣǼҲڴ󱦵ء
߿Ǹ֮ˣŽĵ˵֮Ҳͬ
˴ŻҲٻҵˣӦǱǿ׷ɱͶ·Ŵ
˰ˣ
ǼҲֱֶϷѣǿϷճʲôˡ
һƨϣͽ󣬰ԯ׿һۡ
Уɶú˵ˣϷֲǲͬˣڶǹôһϷи̡ϷСӿô죡
Ǹҵȿǲܣܵ˾ţЩΪ£ʱҲҪ鷳ˡ
ǰһһѵǮ廨׵üͷ
ǵǿԣҪȸңǵʲôˡ
Ǹ˶ϲǮҲǣҪ֪ЩʲôǲΪ¶˲Żᱻǵǡ
˵ĻɲЩİˡ
ıǣǼǷƵˣ˭İ·˽ٷˣǽٷ˳⣬ǡ
Žһ˵ߵ˵ͷĲࡣ
ðɣϷҲʲôˣȻˣǾסǼӰɣǻ˵ˣǮҪյġ
Ȼл
һαȭлԯ׿Ҳ´ɴȥķ俪ʼʰӡ
Ϊ˺þƺòˣԱ
ʱ֮һʮصԺУԺļˣС˶üͷ
үүЩ˭
⼸˰үүܽܣʧɢĹùãɻǵүү㽲Ǹ¡
ĺѾԺ˱˴˵ݣʱҪЩڶǡ
ùãø
Ȼֻʮ꣬ɵӡ
ǰүүȻԼ£ɹ֮еĹùÿɲߴĴڡ
ΪĹùùøͻȻǰʵ˽ܲˡ
֡йùýйø
ֵǲǰŽĺڤҹ˹
øùá
ԣǹø͹ùõļ񡣡
ĴӻóһǮңǮҲ֪ж٣빻һͨ˼һһǡ
лøлùã
ҲûкͽĿˬĽǮԼĻС
⺢ӿɴˣÿοԶѧõĵһ
߽жЦԼСӣŸθСӳǮѧҲȥ˷ǡ
ҲãҲЩ˵ʲôѾûжټɻˣὫиЩˡ
нĵĴ㣬ҲжԼ˼СǿһүүΪĹùùøתԼķ俪ʼ˷Ŀҵ
˾ƲˣյԺйţ̧ͷ㿴˲ԶҵĶ֣ǰдڷֽϵ֡
Ǻֻֽ֣Щˡ
Ȼֽŷƣүүġ
赭дĻشŽĵĻֽϳдŽѩʫʡ
ĿֽϵּһʮΨʫʣ˽ʱҲѧһʫû뵽ħҲʫʡ
ʮĺӾдһ׺ڣ˵ʵĵĺգʮʱֳĵң˶Ҫ̲ס̾
úдøͲҵˡ
ĻصԼķϢ֮ʱѾǵڶ顣
˸ĴŹǷ
˵ŵģûкڰֻ֮Ŀħĵÿʧȥɫʡ
ħ˵ĻҲΪԼȡõ滷
ѾͶȥѧã򵥵ĳԷ緹ĺڤҹʼĴ
ʱʱ䣬˴̽ʥħǵĻʹڣϢһ
ε굽ʲôط
ֻܸоһ˿˿ѰϢ֪ǲϢ
ʱһӵ
ֻһȺЦţΧĴҲźЦţһ׳˶ڽµĲǱˣǶ֡
ֽıŻеİֽֽܰѾΧĺӲӡ
˵ʲôط͵ֽš
С͵С͵С͵Ҫ
ߣ͵˼ҵĶҪ
û͵үүģ
ţκβ̫̫࣬޷ǲʵûκΰܱɫ
үү֪ǼĶ죬Ǯֽ
ǣүүɻǷǼҺܶǮҿ͵ģ
ûУ
ֽıŰֽ֣Χļ״һѷǰӶгֽӵһԡ
С͵ҽúõĽ㣬ǲ֪жߵж񣬰ϣʲô˿ſң
׳˶һȭӳʱ򣬽ĵסһȭᵽ˰ա
Сӣ۸ֶӣ
ĵ̧ͷԼǰˣæɢһԵİֽֽණ
ãá
ʲôˣɣϽſӡ
ţߴߣĲŲСʲôˡ
ǶֵĹøϷҪȫףԼֶӱ۸ˣøô
𰸣Ȼܣ
ǶֵĹøСҸ㣬ٸ۸ǼҶСҰӽɭ֡
ĵᣬɾ΢΢ȴһذһСӵ࣬ԭֵСĵв֮һ
Сӣҿɲ˵˵ѣǡ
һĽе˵ϣ˫ֶڼϣ֮оɫ
ӽ쿪ʼ˭Ҫٸ۸ֶӣͱӲˣ֣͹øؼҡ
ǣŶֵ֣ڤҹʧǰ
ԭصһ㿴ҿ㣬ĿСӵϡ
ۣ
أС໵һ˳

1479 ؤ

1479 ؤ
СӵĿͷβһ߿һߺźĳ
ɼĸС˶ôصӰΪһ仰
صլԺָ˽ڤҹ˵󣬴ʱӳ˳һӣһ⡣
ְôˣôȫ
û¶үүʱˤһӣҪǹùú͹øʹֵĻǻˤøء
ֲûв֪ΪʲôԭˤӵģֻЦЦݲݵķ˹ȥ
үүȻˡ
ãһүү÷ˡ
Ŀӽ˷ҵȴһֱ֪ѧõЩ۸ˡ

̾һεĿ˿ĺİݶˣתһν˳
ү˻ΪΪԭܵ˰ۡ
ˣԼӽѧã˼ҵĺһµ
ǶԸϾǸ˵ĺӣҪս֮ǰö־ܵѧϰı죬һȵԼȥһ죬⺢ҲúõչԼ
극ĺڤҹԯ׿뿪լԺֳӡ
ԯ׿ȥһʥϢڤҹһѯʥϢһߴ̽顣
ĴϣںɫѪƵ֮£Ŀĵš
תĽֵԱߣһڵؤĿһֱŽڤҹ
λʩǲĻɷռһԣҪ֪顣
·ؤǰʱؤеĹӣס˶˵ȥ·
ͣ½Ųĵͷؤ
һŰ಻̺ϰڷõһЩؤһ˫۾ŻǵİɫƺϹӣĿȴ˿ĿŶˡ
Ǻãĵ˵һ˵ǶҪʲôء
ˣʩĸһħУʩ൱˵Щô
ؤĻýüͷһĨЦ⸡ڴǣһöǮǰڡ
ںδ˵ĻȽϺã
ǶλĻһˣжλҪ֪ϢҲ˵׼
һͻȻסȥ·ߣһƶ˷ħ֮ˣĵȤ
ã·
ȷȷʵʵǸϹӣ䲻֪ô׼ȷĲ׽ڤҹڣߣֻŹչһһǰС
߹հ˹ս֮С˺һǰͣ½Ųƿһǡ
СɢŶζ̱ǵĺܣµҲǲ
λ롣
롣
ڤҹƾɲլԺլԺ󣬽լԺһªǿڷ絲ӡ
һ۱ԽԺȫòס
߷еĹչȵʯԱߵϣϵĲ豭Ҫһ衣
ⱭӦΪǡ
ǰһ͵ǰ
ߺһˮǵЦҲġ
û뵽ڽҲѧ˶ء
Ȼ֪ĺڤҹݣ㶵תתĿֻΪ˶ĿôӦòֹڴˡ
ߴԣҲڣ󷽵ǰ
ȻѾ֪Ƕ˵ˣҲûʲôҪˣҿɼǵ˵Ҫռһԣ֪黹ô
ĻлһǸŵݾڽĻˣڶҲھߣ˵ȥĻԲ뿪š
Ȼ׽ĻָһһڲЦ
಻һؤѣıܳԱɣλ󣬱ȻҺһϹʲô
Ҳû֪ģȻ˵˵ݣԼԭ
ң˿ԷﰡǾԲܵģڽĺڤҹ޷뿪ֵ
λǲĻһģѾûкˡ
˵ţ̧ͷǵĿڤҹϣһЦ˳
ħ㣬ϹƲ˵ģǶλ֪Լʥ飬£Ȼ֪λһЩõϢ
ڤҹ°ɣȻôһ˵ˣȻĵ
سڤҹ䣬ڤҹڽߣһ˫ȴǾĶؤ
ؤʲô׵þٶַؤ׵׵ʧؼ䡣
Ϊô֪Ҷ˵ݡ
ĶԼݼ൱ŵģ˵ʮ֮⣬û˿óڤҹԯ׿аŮװ
ǺǣŮʩ֪һ˫۾Ȼˣôһ죬Բȥ԰࿴Ҫһ˸ȻҲԿŮʩŮװħаŮװ֮ˡ
໰ûʲô⣬ļҳһ뽪ôóĺڤҹڲԼʵݡ
ţҵ˵ֻܿۺܿıʣۣѵãû뵽Ȼۣ
Ůʩһ̫ϲˣ඼֪ý˻ҪϹŮˡ
ؤĻһýһ£֪ԶԶĻҪĶࡣ
ϲãֻǽĶѡ
ţ⻰˵ĲಢûпˣλʩԵƬ̣ȥȥ
һʱ䣬ؤڷػصķţֱóһɫСľӡ
СľӲһ״һΣӺܹ죬ڰͣɢŵɫⲻħ쳣Ĺ졣
ǣ
ϷΪλռ֪λҪ֪֮ǰɷŮʩӽ⿪
εĺӻƶ˽ǰǰɢŵɫâĺӣȥ
ҲΪͷ̫õԵʣӵΧ̦ǣĳκӵһ˲䣬̦Ȼһ˲
̦䣬ɢŵɫâҫۣĿ˿ʮ±㽫κӴ
ӱֳһһķ˰κ֮лһСӣֻһӤȭͷСܸǳǳĻơ
Ȼˣ
ӱĴ򿪵ʱһһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ˣӵԺȻλʩףŮʩ⼸öͭҴӰϣ͸ռ
İߵĻץסһͭңͭȫϡ
ԭΪͭһứһĵǣȴˡ
еͭɢǽˮУеͬǳʯУеͣڰУͭҷǵû·Ʈȥ
ؤ֣·ɢͭңǵ˫˸Źâ
ν⣿

1480 Ϊ

1480 Ϊ
Ĵûм󣬺֡
ν⣿
ٴһؤֵʲô˼
գգಷô꣬Ҳǵһ󡣡
ؤҲǲ⣬Ц
Ҳѹ֣ǰ˵Ӱȫ磬˴ҲȻ֡
ؤָָƯϿյͭң֪ڽ硣
мһͭҴڽ磬һʯеͭǴŵڽ硣
Ҳ˵ĺڤҹڽڽ绹ڽ綼һꡣ
׼
ȤԽŨңȲ˵ڽ͵ڽ磬˵ڽ硣
ΪͺڰԭЩ縲
ڽ͵ڽʲô˼ôҲ˵顣
ڽ͵ڽᷢʲô飿
й¶˵ˣ໹ûȥ̽
Цҡҡͷ֪ûȥ̽γ֮еĻˣм˫۾ҲϹġ
˫۾ΪԶäô
ؤ˫۷ŻǵİɫûκεΪ̫̽⵽Ǵ
ǰ಻㳢Եȥ̽һʣ˭뵽һ˫Ϲ۾ǿ̽ıӦ
ؤҡҡͷ֪֮ĺڤҹ˵ݣҲԤ⵽˽յڣǺܾǰһռһƿ
˵ҲǿЦߣֲ˰һ˵ΪΪˡ
һΣһǽסȥ·ΪҪǶǽ֮ʲô㶯еʼִ
󣬵һεϱ֮˽ҪһУδĸ˳ħӰħ
ҲΪˣԴ֮Ҳκζˡ
䵽Ȼֹҡҡͷۻ׵ĺӣǵĿڽĺڤҹ˵ϡ
˺ˣյ͵ˣ׼סλʩɷ
𰡣ʲôû˵
еɣؤʲôû˵ֻ˵һЩĻôͽء
Щ鿴˾ͿԣھʣһҲΪλʩʧȥΨһĶ
ؤЦƯڰʯеͭҶһŴӻ˳ʯ֮ϣġ
Ӧǵ飬ʥһ֮Уǲ¶ˣڿһ֮յ
ڴʱһһԽŷӵĽŲһȺƿؤĴš
ؤԺֻһھغȲ衣
˹ˣҷһһŮլӣιͷղŽլȥʲôط
ǰߵ·̬ʮֿѯ߽ĺڤҹȥʲôط
ɵߵ֮ʱͨһڵϣֹסսߡ
үְǲ֪үסڴˣү徻
ѹͲְ֪ĵطȻү
ο˻뵽ħһ֮֮ϵүسĵط
ԺںȲϹħү
˰ˣϷҲΪһЩѣûбȥɣ˳гȥι
ǣү
Լܼһǻѱ鱨³ʮֵıˣ˲˵ι˹
Ѿ뿪Ľĺڤҹ֪ԵؤħүϾ˭ҲὫһڰ಻Ϲ۾ͷħүϵһ
ʧԺУԺȲ߻̧ͷһ˫ǵӿѪɫգ΢΢̾һ
Ļʾһô˿Դħ뿪֮С
ʣؤεҡҡͷ֪ΪָԼǰĻ棬վԭɡ
˰ˣ
Ǹǻķ٣ⶼ˵飬ѾˣǼһΪ˸Ů뿪ħҵ˶˵С
ҲǿǸˣ
һߣصլӵĽĴţдݣм֮⡣
ֲãֲǸоϢֲ֪ںδԵεڻʹ֮Уס
ǽҪҹʹˡ
ʥҲħʹĴ֮С
ڿʲôأ
֪ʱֵǷ˽ڿŵţֽд֮׻һ㣬ȫӲԭء
üͷؤָ˼ʲôˣԤ⵽˻һĻ
Ļô
Լ۾ǲԼֽϿϢ
Σǰ
ΪʲôֽдεħĻʹ֮бţΪΣΪΣ
үȱż˵
סˣҪħĿˡ
ԯ׿Ҫ˵ʡ
һԵԯ׿飬ĵĻ΢΢תͷһһ֮󣬱ֽĿе鼮֮Уѹ;Ͳľ㵡

ε̾һ黹Ҫ˵ˡ
үʵһħǺүӵ˼ү֪лһ޷Ľ١
İѵʱĻү˵Ļԭԭĸ֪
һ˵εȻѾɢˣԵɺ֮£һ˿ħ
һħĿһѰʥһҪεҵֻ֮УֻתΪƵƯֻصķ϶֮С
Щɵ棡
ǧȷүһħҲΪܽ⿪еĽᡣ
Ľе鶼гڵ֪֮һ𣬰һԡ
ү
Լһɡ
˵ԯ׿ʼգԯ׿ĿⶼϣɵҪǰȥȰ˵ʱ򣬿ֹ˽ĵľٶ
Щ飬ҪԼףôȰ˵ûãүҲһħѰεˡ
ô꣬Ȼԯ׿ͬİ·ڹؼ֮ʱһҸȼס
ʱʱ䣬ڳһͺƱʩ˶һ
үӦòἤȥɡ
СǶͦȥ˵ԼĻˡ
ԯ׿һһյ·׼뽪ڤҹ̽һ̽ʹ
Ϊħûкҹ֣֮еֻ硣
Ϊ˷ʹѡϱȽʺħĺɫҹǱʹ֮С
ƶҲһ𡣡
ʱ֮һοڣʯ֮䳷ϵŮװһϯװ뽪ĵǰʹ

1481 ħ

1481  ħ
ħʹ
ʱħٰ֮ʱص׷׽ħ
ˣ³ʲô⣬ʹǽ䱸ɭϡ
ңҲԶħκڽϢױ
˵ĸֻ䡣ǰС
ڤҹ㲻ħôıԴħͬûбҪһ
ڤҹϹħħҲǳħ֮ͬͬԴûбҪһ͵͵ǰаɡ
ڤҹûлش޴⣬СĵĿܡ
үķε꣬һҪǣô
֮Уĵľ
ζ˵жôҪ˭֪ǳʲô⣬˵뿪ħˣ뿪ʹǳ˵ε顣
Ǵħʹһֱħڡ
ƶ֪
ӽʹʼбһֱ߶ε֣һ㶼ġ
˵ʹϣҲһô
ĸ빬֮ʱҲвٵ棬ĸ֮ǵ·ɵسڻʹ֮УһܸõԼݡ
꣡
ֽŵĵͼһŲԶ
ʥ֮ء
һʼؤϢɣһ̣еĳɶˡ
˶ʥϢȷʥɡ
ɴǰһȺϷأҪôõʥǸ⡣
İ˫أһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
һᣡ
ˣҪʲôȥ
ڤҹȻĽһжڽĵһ֮С
ֻĴӻó֮һӣ֮һУ˲䣬ԭ
ɽ
Ҳֻӣ֮Ŵ
ȻΪ˷ֹۣˮͰҪ𣬿֮Ƿ֮һˮ׽ġ
ʱ˿̣ĵӰѾ뵽˾ȻĶ֮УһССӰǳ˶Ҵ빬ڡ
ɿǰв˵Ļغ֮ʱĶͷϸֳһ亹
ؤΪʲôûֽ˵ʥĵطôĻء
ĻأֻҪһϸСͷ˿ǣĻأҲ֪
ˣڸѽ
ķδõʥһʹΪ£һɰ
һɫССӰڽǰС׻ζžβͣ˫ۿɰʮ㡣
Сףˣ
ѽո˯ѣСǿ˺ܶء
СЦŵǽһģȴŽ佱Լɿһ˿ݵʱС׻ع˳ŽĵĿ⿴ŲԶڷŵǸƿӡ
ҪǸƿô
ƿӣ
ŶС׿еƿӦþ˵ʥˡ
룬֪ôźãħǶĻضᱻħ˲
Ľʾ֭ôõʥɾ˼ƻʱ򣬲֪ʱС׵ʥԼǰ
ڵϵС׾βͻζţβɨڻ֮ϣҲûб
С׺
ٺ٣ǵȻˣЩض˵ͬأƿӸ㡣
С׽ʥ˽ĵУԼ˽ĵļϡ
Сף˰
ˣСǳˣˣ
СβŽģԼˣǳأ
úúãС׳ˣ뿪ʹٽóԵġ
Ү
İʥŽ˽ָ֮УĬƿţڤҹԯ׿뿪˹ŹѺڵĵȥ
Ϊ˲˶ĿСҲص˽ָ֮С
һ˵Żˣ׷׳ȥ𣬿ɻԽԽתۼ
˵ħԳ棬Ž֮ˡ
ɴʱĽĸѾ˻ʹһߵĵǰһηųС׸㶨ŵ˵֮С
Ϊ˷ֹⷢԯ׿˿صΣڤҹ֮оΡ
һΣû֮еĸ֮ɾľдĿͷһǸߴǾӵȵȵӦоС
ǵΣ

ʱһ˽ĵע⡣
Ѱȥ߹һ䣬ڵĳˮһŮڳԡŮļ·عʱ򿴵εİˡ
˭
Ůӵ䣬ʮ㡣
Σ
ǼεĻǰŮӲλ˭
΢΢üͷµĿųǰĽĺڤҹˣһο˾Ǻˡ

1482 ħ

1482 ħ
ĺڤҹĳκǲ⣬Ȼ֪ʲôˣǴϸܵϢħ˵Ϣ
εĽľڻпӣòɷ
Ļģ๫ڤҹ
˵๫ֵʱһԵڤҹ۶Ц⣬˫ػڽĵļϣ۵׵İⲻϵıŷš
Ļˣ
˫βǺŽ˵Ļ
˵ϵϢħˣ˭Ҳ֤ˡ
ţһħĿΪѰʥ㡣
İĿ˵ҸΣ֪֮εħҲΪүӵԭ
ô˵ԯ׿ˡ
ᵽʱε˸Ųһɫ
ôǵûзΣҲûȴ
ţһжȳȥ֮˵ɣ̫Σա
֮Ȼǿ󣬵ħҲɵӣʥ֮һһı֮ǰΡ
ֽϵļʵԴּħеĻ޷⿪ġ
ˣСѽ
֪ʱֳڽߵСҡβͳǰ˿ֽϵļ˷Сצӡ
ǾβħʵļСǰҲĴڡ
ֻһɢһء
ͷǰίһˡ
ö֮ôε뿪ħʹȻȻ󲨣ֻεָ֮У뿪ʹ֮㡣
ã
Ҳɣ뽪ĵĽָ֮С
ֻĺڤҹ뿪εʱħͽΧµˮйͨ
㣿
īԨŵĿǰˣǸƲǼô

ε̾һЦЦ
үּˡ
˶׳īԨ֮⣬ΰΧеĻֽľͲ֪ˣɽᷢʲô飬ĸһ㡣
ȻˣҲҭŲˡ
Ϣ󿪣˲䣬ǿϢ֮䣬һ˫ţʥεѾˣѾħ˷ټҲûʲôˡ
룬ȻһսĸѾ׼һ·ɱʹɱħ
ϣ⼸ڽ£ʬΣ
ƾǣ
үľʱȻ㣬ǵãϢġ
һӣǶʯľ֪Ѿڽָ֮еϸӣľЦ
СѾͷʱ㻹ƶʲôϢƶġ
ԯ׿ǽĺڤҹˣĸѾɱ׼
ħоŵӿЩħ˵Ķֻ֣ɲǼɢ
еľרаħģħ֮ˣȻҲаħ֮С
ԯ׿һѳѳһ˶೤ҺޱȣӵǺ³Щơ
ڤҹĻڣһ
һʱ䣬սŵ˼㣬ŵѪζҲԽŨңۿųȥħһңΪīԨ˫ָ˼㡣
мǾصһս顣
£īԨԼߵļǰħϢ޷ݵѹ֡
īԨ˳һ˲䣬һɫϢ֮䣬ԭɫر˺ɫޱȡ
ڤҹ˫ָһ˫вɱ⡣
ڤҹһ̣һɳƵͳſ״ߵħǰֹڤҹ֡
Ϲħ񡣡
ħ֪ڤҹݣҲ֪īԨ˵ǿ󣬵ΪϹħڤҹĶ˫ʲôý
ӶŴ֣ʾīԨ¡
ĵĿżħϣȻдһſףǿ
λѾõԼҪĶ˫ѪɺӵĻ棬뱾һġ
ĻǸļѡ񣬶Ǹĸˣ뿪ħֻа˵ȥ
һת˳ڤҹӣʾʱ֣ħл
Ȼô˵ˣȻڶֻ֣ǾЩһҪǵӣΪŮӵСĺء

һ仰ǵħЦ
С仰ñգ㵨С㲻ħҲ˱Ĺ
ȻѾ֪˭ŻĹʥӦҲõεꡣ
ˣòˡ
ɣҲЩǼ˵һ˵
£תߣ˿еʡ
ħڽʲôĵģֱɱ˲ô
ʵҲǳ֣ħǳһ
壬Ҳò뿪ΣǰħУһĵҪĵĻ⡣
ħ
ʾ˸׵Լ֮⣬˰Ů뿪
ģڤҹԯ׿ĸվڴ֮У˳޵Ŀⶢţ޲ҪǰƤѪһ㡣

1483 ɽ

1483 ɽ
ħʹУ˽ڤҹԯ׿֮⣬ħ죬Լһħص
˳ӵĿ⣬ɢĿڤҹ࣬һȻģЩ˻֡
ýĺħҪʲôΪʲôҪһģʲô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĴ˸Ƿǵɨһˡ
ʲôֱ˵ˣȻ˵˶ڣƴһĻλҲûʲôô
˵ʵħԼħΪȻǿҲǳصġ
Ȼ뿪ħҲħ۸
ǺǣܺãЩ͹ĸԡ
Ȼħ֪ܶڽڤҹ顣
֮£ħһοڡ
˵ɣΪôħѵǲ֪ħڽô
⻹ҪĳЩˣĳЩ˽ʥߣ͵ħֻҪȡԼĶѣôɾԩˣĸǹ߽ġ
ʼ磬ʾǽħԭģûԼĶˡ
ȻҶǾ˴󲻾أ
˽֪ħڽâĹϵҪսһ
ħĸڽˣϢһǶը˹һ׷Ҫ⣬ڽ˵Ĺͷ
΢΢̧˵ˣ׳˶ֻϱ鲼ɫƬûв´ĻӦǸ档
罪һſڵʱ򣬺ɫͷ˳һȳϢԶŵѬýüͷ
¡
Ҫǰ뽪һµʱħ쿪ڣ֮µ˴󺺡
Ƕȥ
Щ˶ڽ顣
˵˭أŲŷַӰι
˫ŭǴ󺺡
ĺԭѹȥŭвһǸܵħĿ֮һַ׷뿪ʹ
ʱ˿̵Ļʹֻʣ½ڤҹԯ׿Լϵħ졣
ιҪɶ
ЦŽģħͲĸɱô
ôȻԼĵ
˫ֶżħ뿪֮󣬽̧ͷĿڵϣеǺ档
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ԯ׿ǲ⣬ħӦòڰг֣Ҳᶯôĸɸ֧
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ھʣҺڤҹˣʲôֱ˵ˡ
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ſ׵ħվһΣǰʱֻժͷϵס
ħ콫ͷһһж֮ʱŴ;㵵ĿǰġŮӡ
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ôܾô
Ҳ̫㵣ֻЩѡ
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˵һ룬컺ֻ֣ϸ۵ϾȻ˺ɫĺۼֺۼһƬƬһ侹Ȼ˼С
ǣֱ߽źɫĺۼԲ򵥡
ʲô
һרħ
˵ʱ򣬵Ŀһοġ
ΪˣŻʡȥףʵĿԽģΪħϵֻнĿԽ⿪
ܺ͵еɫ΢΢üͷ
˼Ұ⿪
ˣ򱾾Ҳ˵
˫ָ󣬵컺˫ΪĽħ뽪Ϊ
ںܾúܾǰֻĻˣħ壬岻Ǻеһɰӣ΢
߲ٿȨħһ찮һ˽Ůӡ
ŮϹĹǣаħŮ֮Уѡħ
ңһս֮УĻħսϹҲС
ɵĻҪ幫вħа䣬Ҫ£ħаϧаΪϹĻమ˺ӡ
ⲻ֪ϹĹĺаĺӡ
ڷļ֮£аɱķдϹ壬Ϊ˱ԼˣϹĹǰаһԶܾʹĥ
ٺа֪֪࣬ļıİŮԼУ֮£а䡣
仹ڳţһֱڡ
콲£˵ϹһħĹϵ
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Щ±ƣɭʱŮ峤˵Ϲ塣
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Ϲĵһ壬ĻħǺߡ
˵⼸֮Ĺϵ岻Ļһ֧ˣڽһ
ںս֮УĻӮƿȨħһڤ֮⣬һ⡣
ǧ֮ҰΪ˴ﵽ۷ͳȨʼɱ壬Ϲһϡ٣ʩѹ
һе㲻̫ףħʲôϵֲϹһ
ϹŮҲǹļ̳ߣѪ̲֮Ϲֻ֮ΪϹʸ̳де
߽ģȻһϹ壬ѪҺ֮ϹΪ
ֻѪм̳ϹŴе⿪ħ䡣
͵Ļе㲻̫⡣
壬ҵҲ壬ȻΪ˴ߣǼѪѪϹûϵ˵ˡѪҺ֮ϹŴеôûأ
ʵӵϹŴеǵһˡ
ΪǸ֪ϹߵĴڣ֮ϵĴڡ
Խ˵ԽãľԼӶеԺˡ
ʲôвУϹ廹¹Ȳ˵˵˵Ҫô⿪䣬ڽ⿪֮Ҫôǡ
вܣ֪Ľ⿪ķӣԼ⿪֮顣
ܷܲѾø⿪䣬֮ѾתͰӽηɣ
˵ʲô黹˵ױȽϺá
ֻҪ⿪䣬ʥεԴߣңǱ֤һεսħԲս
ȻļħҪħһ¡

1484 ټү

1484 ټү
Ҫô⿪ϵĽ䣿
ȲԼǲʲôϹ壬ʲô߰˰˵ݣĿǰΪҪҪ֪ô⿪ħϵ
ǰһ㽪Ҫȷϡ
ڸ⿪֮ǰȷһ¾˵Ļ滰
ŵ죬ղ˵һ͵һζ֮еĻʵЧģֻΪ˽Ļ
ϾغĲħĻ֮飬ǹغ²
Ȼʲôˣеġ
ңԼڤҹĻǴĻħҲȻһ鷳
˵Ҫȷȷʵʵ֪˵仰жߡ
ʱվڽǰĵһӣһѪ˵ϣһ˲䣬ʹըѿɽҰ˵ı˰һ
죬ħ֮аԣ˵һǧȷκΥԶڤ֮С
ԣһڣڤ޷뿪
ڤʲôطû˱Ƚĸˣڤҹĵ̡
˵õ˵Ϊ֤Խģľ鲻ô򵥡
ɷģ
˼Ƭ̣ĵ˵ͷѯŽķʲô
˵ãһĽ䷽ʽһܽܣʲôΪҾǴӦˣǼλүҲӦ
ָָߵڤҹĸ֪죬ǧʲôֵҪ
ʲôҪԼΪǸΪϧǻĻħһ
ķҲѣֻҪػűյʱ䣬ʱ湲һң淢ʲô鶼뿪ߣ䷨Ȼɽ⡣
ôô
Ǻ͵һ䷿棬ʱ죬ͿԽ⿪ˣ
ƭСӵİɣ
ȻʱָָĻ룬ҶҪͬͬƳſɡңֻ֮˵ĴڣԲԳڵˡ
еָڤҹ
ĶڤҹҪԵ֪ģɽķӱˣеڳ
򣬲淴޾Ļþ֮У޷뿪
ãھͿʼ
ղײգħһձһΣա
תڤҹ˫ӵڤҹʡ
ڤҹҲˣңʱһʱͽˡ
Ϊ֪ǧҪסǷʲô飬һҪΪ򡣡
ڤҹ˽룬ط˵ľ
ȥ֮ʱһ˫Ӱţħ죬һݻ
ǷκβأҪħᡣ
£ڤҹ뿪ħ
һʼһ˵ڵˣڵǸŮӣڤҹǾԲýһ˺˶һҡ
˵Ƣܲá
ѾǿˣûǰһԲϾһء
ʼ磬ϥ˵ϣҲ֪ǲԼĴȻڵпһ˿˿Ľ֮⡣
Ľħһ֮ΪƸΪ꣬Ҫʲôò
ĵĻ̾һǵЦ⼸ʧΡ
Ϊħһ֮ŻɼʱѰŮһÿ·
ǵһֱڿƽô򵥵ȥ
ιЩ֪ʵŮô
֪ʼҵ˱㽫һѪѪĿܣأȨЩٿر֮󣬱һֱôڡ
Ҳ֪ǲûкô˵úɣڽĵĶ棬˦˦
ÿ춼Ҫڿ棬ҪˣҲ֪ʲôʱܵͷ
ǷɧѣףҲֻǰô˵վħľ
Ƚ֮󣬲ȥ濴һˣһĻþ
ҲɣҲһ͸һԼϲˣֻ࣬ҪһܰǴֲ赭Ҳ֪ˡ
еǵЦѰŮһֻһЩΪƽԸڵȴ룬һԶ޷ʵֵΡ
нɡ
á
ϥڵϣ˫ۡ
ֻҪʱ䣬ڵʱɡ
ʱ棬˻ԸָĻþвɢ
ʱǵľ½ˣʲôɵֶΡ
ÿٲÿҪˡ
Ĺ㳡ϣصҪȥǰɽȵصǰ
һϮɫڤҹ˫ָĿһƬ䣬һԵԯ׿˶оɭĸо
׹淢ʲô飬ôһһҪɱ˵ı飿
˵Ȼ֪ʱ˿̵Ľڸħ䡣
ÿÿ
ƾ㣿
һһŨĺɫϢǵص˲䣬㽫ʹһƬڰ֮С
ħѹѹ˵࣬һֻʱǵһ㡣
īԨ˫׼ǰǰ׼̤һ̣ȴһ˫˼ϡ
ĪҪ嶯ԼҪ򲻿ɴš
˵ͳϣڣ˫ҲŻǵİɫ
ϸ֮£ڰе߲ǸڤҹռԵؤô
үôˣ
īԨүʱ̬ȱʮֹһԵˡ
ѣû뵽һĻϹħ񰡣ͨɣԱ֤ǲġ
ȻүĻֻǣڤҹҲ˭
û뵽ؤȻħү
ű͵յؤɡ
үħһ˵˼ħħҲҪ֡
ɼؤжôĳߡ
˫֣ڵؤһ̨ףվڤҹߣǵȴǿŹķ
ҲֻѾͷˣһоͿ컯ˡ
ؤл˵˶ʣֲҿʳʲôֻɵɵţԷֹ⼸ڽ˰ʹֶΡ
ʱ˿̣ħ֮Уĺ͵Ѿھڶþˡ
ڶ˶󲻾ãһþǰþѾʧ˶ʱĵ죬ǣһŮӵ֣ɽۣɲ֪ôģ˫˫׹ɽ֮С
ǵĸףȻĿԼĸ׹£ɽۣҪȥˡ
ڣڵֵһ̣æ˻ŲþһԨ֮С
׹ǻþĿ֮󣬵һþɢ
ĵڶþκδϢĻᣬʵʵС
ķѩϣǻþһôʵǵ˿־塣

1485 ô

1485  ô
ķһ˵գǷСһƬһƬĸϵ⡣
Ľ˽ϵ·Ļ
˵öǻþҸܵĵطɺá
Ҳã
һƬããѩԭһ߼ʣ˲֮󣬷˲ԶһƬɽ
ӹǣɽ֮Ѿȼѣƺ֪Ҫһ
Сģթ
š
л⣬ȴǸܲһ˿һůɽֵܵһЩѩŲڶ
һʱ֮һŮҲɽУǰŮæ֮ʱֵסˡ
ô¶Ǹôôڻþпҵס
ɽŮǱˣǷĺͽİݶˣüͷŵ죬ҲҡҡͷʾԼҲ֪ôһ¶
ֻ֪ķӣ֪лᷢʲô顣
ʱ䣬ʮþ٣ֻҪʮþħһѪҺ֮еʧĵȻ޴档
Ѿͷôˣǵô
þеķĿ˿ڣӽָó˽Եĸ㣬еĳ谮֮ʵýĸо١
ǰСģôòף
İ֣ظŽĵĳСʱһֻûϤ¶ȡ
Ҫ֪ĿǾλþĿ飬ôϷĻþס
ףﲻǸĵط뿪ħ֮Ȼȥǡ
һӣһǿɢǰķĺͽİݶˣͬʱڶʧһ˲䣬֮ķѩͣ
ĺ͵ɽҲ˺
ͨͨ뵽ˮļĺ·ٵţ˵ĲԶһ׸ߵٲǵȥĻûҲᶪʧС
˵ǻþɻþе٣ܵ˻ʵʵӳϡ
κκˮ̫ļΧûʲôץסĶ׹ٲ֮ǰĽץס˵֣һ˳źˮ׹ٲĺ̶֮С
ͨ
ͨ
޴ˮܲϵɢصˮУĸоԼҪһ㡣
ʵУĺ͵׷³һѪɼ罪һþ淢ᷴӦڶ˵ϣͱܵˡ
þڣķѾ򰶱ߣþһѾԵĵ˰
УһпǶôãֻϧϵŮЩ˰
ڴڵĺʵĿֱ۴ʹýĵһ
ˣ
缸ѣŵʱ򣬺ײϣײλá
ʹĴӽָһЩҩ£ֽѵñ̶á
˵ǻþɽָǺʶӵģԻǿʹõġ
Լ˿ڣתִ顣
ɿŵֽŶ˺ۣԼеĻҪС
ϱǷġ
һַֻĸ˿ڣȻҩۣϱ˼ŵҩ
Ҳ֪ħ˵ƺһһЩҩ˳û⣬ħ˳˻᲻Ϊҩ
ˣɻҽҲûбķˡ
컹û̫飬һʱ֮󣬵˹ȫ۵ҪֻҪ΢΢һָоǱʮƥػؼ̤һ
ôˣ
˱ҪҵĻƨˣ˵˰㡣
ڵߣҲöҪҪģʲôҩ۶Ǯ
ĵĻصڶߣתͷ΢΢üͷأһĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦƺ˵ɡ
㻹˼ںͱҪ𡣡
զ㻹˲ɣ
תͷİ˫һ֮ȻˣҪ
ôš
һ֮أ
ŴⲻǮĵ죬ƲƲ죬Ǳ֮顣
Ǳ㣬֮˱֮пӼֵǵıô㣬㽫ʧ⳥ȻҽҩѣĻ̸
컰һĵеˣһ˫ֳʮ顣
ЦǼҹŻ˸ɶϵҾһ·ȥζѣŶ˸ɵҪǣͷϣһΪҽҩҲü䣬Ȼһ޹࣬ޣ
Ů˾ȻޱŲűһֳǧὫʬΡ
졣ŭһвŽġ
Цˣģһ֣һҿѽ
˫ֶѣһҲˣͲǻ̧
һʱ䣬սӲ˼㡣
ɾУԭŭԵĶ˾ȻЦ

Ůˣǵһμ޳ܵŮˣ۾˵Ϲ
Ц쳣ģ˵ǴδйĸоҲδ㿪Цš
ǰÿһߵĶҪСҪΪǵԼ
ܽʵԼչһ˵ǰ˵˵Լ˵Ļָоá
ϣЦˣҶӶˣ
Цᶼˣǿŵϱѵ˿ڣΪ
ҲЦˣһֲֻзأ¸˿ڿࡣ
ãСˡ
ЦݣĿڽĵϡ
һڽϣʲôιһ㡣
ʲôأ
ڿ㣬Ҳڿ⡣
ħô꣬δ⡣
˵ǰɫģΪʥİɫʱ˿̿ɫůãռ顣
Ҳǣħû⣬˵ˣĻʵǰħֵĻĻƿȨʱħ֮£Ĳô
ŵ죬Ĵδǹ˵ô˵ЩΪģħڵĴ
Ҫ滰Ǽٻ
˵˵滰ȻҲмٻٻҲȻ滰
ټʵʵ˭ֵͼٵʲô
ڰߣĿ͸Ҷķ϶⣬ůĸоϣδоů
ȷʵ֣ʱħ뿪Ƭ򣬻֮£ңҲħʮԸ
ħΪλᱻزΪսΪ˲ֻ֮еĴڣһ˲˹
Ĵ¬ʱ˵˹ֹĻ飬ʱĶġ
Ǿ˼Ƭ̣ԼүȰ˵֮£Ƿˡ
ħ˴δǹĳޣڵħȴѾϰĻþ˼ʮΪԶʱ䡣
˵Ĳսˡ
ţ滰ˣٻôҪԼ˫ȥӮ¼Ȩ

1486 þ

1486 þ
仹˭ֵܷ١
ʵڵĲпޱȣٵã
ټٲϵر仯ÿһ˻ʵдա
罪˵þзһǻþܵ˻ʵӳڶ˵ϡ
һѣһ˫ֲзһֻŶѣһǹ̳ߣϹŮתĺһħ֮ϵľ
ˣصˡ
ڣڵҩ£ʱʱ䣬˵ѾָЩǿ
ҪСģĪɴ⡣
֪Ҳǣ
ĺ͵໥վڴʱΧһҲ˱仯
ɽˮٲһ˲ޱ޼ʵĻĮȵ˿ŶˣƺҪһ
ɳĮ֮е쳣ĶޱĻĮУ˵ķ粻ϵĴڶ˵ϡ
ȵˮ
л
ڽָдһЩˮҪȻ롣
ǵڼػþˣ
ɽ»þѩþٲǵػþˡ
һʮػֻҪȹʮþǾͿ뿪ˣϵҲԽˡ
ι¬Ǹô˵ģ
ʶ¬ô
ЩĿŽģ˵ĺڤҹһǹ̳һǺڰļ̳ͬҲϹħ񣬵ǶӦòô˽⡣
ȴ׼ȷ˵¬ӵ֡
ߣʶǴ۹ȥĻһ·ϣûո鷳
ƲƲ죬м֮ɫ˵Լ¬֮ĳޡ
ҪŮȶڤҹзǷ֮ĻҲ֡
ڵˣ¬ԼܲסԼŮˣ֮Ǽʵı𣬱үĳ
첢Ǻܹϵĺ¬֮ĶԹ𣬵Ŀᵽڤҹֵʱһ˿˿֮ɫ
㣬ϲϹħЩɱ㡣
ǲǱڰٿǡ
ҡҡͷûв۵׵飬һĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ʱڰڤҹϣӦ֪ڰжôǿ󣬶Ǽ֮ڤҹÿÿҪػߣʲôΣյ鷢
֪ΪϹħڤҹһ˲䣬ĺˡ
Ľ
İɣǵŮӣȻһ㰮ĺùޡ
Ĳ֪컰е˼ҲȥὪĵĺģһĨɬЦ⸡ڴǣŽģ˼нƬߵɳĮ֮С
һʱ֮ɳȻ𣬲ԶһƬѹѹƮſŭƺҪؼһ˺һ㡣
ãɳ
ԶĺɳԼٶƶûʲôڱεĵطˡ
ڿӣڿӣ㣡
þȫ˫ŵϵɳ

컺³һһӣһǿڵϣֻһһĿӳ֡
ʱɳѾƽǧһ֮ʣŵ˸ոںõĿ棬Լ͵ϡ
һ˻ɳʯͷɰʹ֡
֪õʱ䣬Ҳһʱ䣬ֻһʱ䣬ɳȥ֮󣬽ĺ͵Ŵӿ˳
˷ĴӻɳĿϻﶼɰ
ʲô
ħδĻ棬ǺѹѹһƬƺͶ˻ʲôȻ˵͡
ɳɳĮ澭ľ󣡡
һƨ˵ϣˮԼϡ
յ˵ɳѾȥˣҲӦöȹ˵ػþˣΧһƬɳ
ѵ˵
Ĳ֮ʱһضɽҡĸоϮֻɳʲôڷţһֲõĸоϮͷ
ɣ
ɳ֮©Ыβ͵ʱ򣬽ص̾һ
ôģһһûˣ
ǵػþɱأ֪ĻþΣոǱ鲼
ôˣ
ôˣ£
һֱ޴ЬӴɳд˳Ծ綾ޱȵĶЫӣĻվ˵ļϡ
֮Ҫ˫ԣ
ǰѱ㣬Σ
뿪ЦĿŽģЦŻشŵ⡣
Ȱǰѹضȹ˵ɣ
ʲôôҪܲźá
Ыӳ˹ĺ͵СӦԡ
һһĻþУ˾Σա
Ыӣ棬ֻ룬壬˵һҲһ·ײײ֮¶ȹһδΣգ˵ʮػþ
ڻþһһεˣʵ磬˵Ѿ˺˻
ڣ˳һػþʮػþ֮С
⡭
İĽ첻Ŀܣʲôط
硣
̫Ϥˣвףʮػþôس磿
ԡǲڣ
ʲôת󣬾ڴʱһȺ·ͣ˽ŲͬĿ⿴Žĺ͵ˡ
ħˣôĵϡ
˿Žĺ͵죬ֳЩŰµŮӲħˣоڽЩˣڽǻħһ
ڽħڲڴôôһ𣿡
һȺ±Ʋѡ
֮䲻Ȩһ˴˶Ҫս֣ôദǢ
ħڽڴܣ
˫תͷ˿죬Ϊƣֲڡ
Ϲĵ̣㻹ǵϹĹʲôô
ĸԴϹ壬ħĻڽ粢ʱ
ʮػþǻصʱ㣬ҪǿıԴ
ǵãϼ
Ϲ幫ֽеϼĹ
ǹ£
΢΢üͷΪ׵µĿŶˣڽ˺ħΪʲôҪǵĹ
ԣǶ˴˴ǰǰݼµġ
ݼǴɱô
Цţһеı˲ŷĳҪôŨҾжôŨҡ
ɵħаǹΪʸ֮ģǰҪ˺»ʲôȻκս֮Уκһ
˻УǰĻþʲôʱ㡣
õûħаѡħ֮ϹĹڽ嶼Ҫץסħа
ңٹ֮ͻ䣬аΪ幫ڽӡȻ֮ᷢ顣
Ѳɣþֵԭֹķô
뵽⣬ļͷֹĻǵϵ᲻Ҳʧ
뷨ûгãıԼ뷨
˵ĻҲþ֮УڻþеĶ޷ֹʷĽŲĻˡ

1487 

1487 
ĺ͵챻Ϲϡ
ǰĻҲڲϵı任ţȻ罪һһжǰʷĽڷ
֮£а幫ǰ幫аһҲڵħһ
а֪֮Ҳˡ
ɫ֮䣬þеĻһת䣬ǻعͷһ۵죬ļϣ
鶼ѾˣģֻҪ˳ͻƵʮػþһзӽ⿪
ɫʧ֮󣬶һγ磬һεǽϤ硣
Ǹˡľô
ǰһŮӴɽг䣬е·ϼһˣǲĺǵĸף졣
ɻþΪʲôǿ飬ͽʲôϵô
һĻĻתţСԺУľƹҸֵ漴ڽ˳֣˻еľơ
콫һڽɱþѾɢ˵ľ꣬ϡ
֮ǽĲġ
ľƵ۸֮󣬵ľƻصħ
Ѿȥ˵ľӲƾһ˺͵ĺӣɸո꺢ӵľ˲ɢ׵׵ʧ֮䣬ֻصʸûС
֮£콫ӤһλߣԼ뿪ħ֪ȥ

߲ǱˣǶǺҲǶ֡
ˣ鷢ǧ֮ǰ˵ֲӦʮ꺢ͯģ
ʣĻһ𰸡
ľƺ͵ĺӣľԲȱ֮־ĺӣڳ˲ͬ
֮󲻾ãӤĶֱ˯֮Уֱʮǰʼɳ
ܵô
ţĸҲ˵顣
飬֪
ħһֻҪý֮бһƣǺӳʱе֤ĸĲ롣
ħ̫󣬽̾һԿóĻʺǰģֻǿϧ˲ԼȴҪħ
գŮ˻ѡ˽Լ
棬սᣬǰֱһƬɵİɫ
ڴʱһǿҵĹâʣǹâĺ͵С
һ˲ľʹ޷ݣǽĺ͵һǿҲǿѹڵϡ
ʲô
һΣľ񣬽Ľ˫ȭҧǿ̧ͷǹԴҪʲôĴ
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ӹâдһŶ˵
һâ£ֻҪâڽĺ͵ϣʵеһɢ
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˫ָЩҵĳƮţӲס˲Ĺâ
죬ûøʧ
ǵ졣
û֪ôڻþУҵڶ˵ǰǰ˲ǵ컹˭
ʡ
ԴʱʼδԼĸףֻĸһˡ
СԸּȺŸΪһŮħĽű˶и۰ҪŮװ縺ħҪΪ˵Ŀܡ
ųһеĳ޶ɢ֮䣬
ǸΪһ飬뿪֮󣬺úõػţΪԼš
һ仰£ǿѹŵĶ˺Ʊһǿƿâɢȡ֮һƬڰ
֪˶ãҲһʱʱ䣬ֻ֮ãϥڴϵĽĻ˫ۣ͵³һѪ
ȫµʹѾݣĿһ۵죬ϵĺ׺ۼѾʧˡ
ʱҲ˫ۣ۽ǹˮ뿪þ֮ǰ˵Լﻰ
ǮǮ
ЦţҪŵǮ
ڤҹҶˣ
ĵڤҹ˲ƿţȫ¶˵Ľģɱһӿ
˺ˣû¶Ϣһ¾ͺá
˫§ڤҹĲӣĽͷڤҹĻУõĹϵ۾˯˹ȥ
ڤҹŽ뿪ħһ˵ע֮£ص˶լԺ
ôˣʲô¶ˣ
ĵŽķʲôʱĽ˯У꽻̸š
һƬããУ˫ָһ˫ü΢΢վԼǰŮ
Ҫл㣬ŵҴҲڵʮػþС
컰и𱸣ƲƲ죬ȫӻб˼˻ڨЦš
ÿѣҰҲΪʥεˡ
Ц⣬ԽŨҵĸڴǣڵϣվԼǰˡ
㣬֮ǰҲ͵˵Щʲôô
ǰĵ꣬ħפڤɺ֮Уֻء
ΪףѵĲʧ֮ǰ͵콻
ǺøãҲħõδ
ţ˵㵱ʱҲɼΪ㲻ϸ񡣡
ȻӴյʱ䣬ѷ֣ԾɴֻħΪѾѧѹΪʵԼ
˰ˣ
ЩǱ˼ҵ顣
ĵ߰ɣħһѾˣӺŮúõĻȥ
һҪȥǸ֪㡣
˻΢΢ü
е㲻̫ףҲǸѰ˶ѣôʲô¶ҵң
ΪЩ޷ѵˡ
һǶǵĻ˵ĽǸ±ƣٴοڣ˵֮¡
Ŷ뿪ħȥڤ绹ǰڽ綼ãһĺһš
û˵˼Ŀԡ
Ȳ˵ֵݣ˵ħҪ뿪ħȥֱ졣
ģǱľƵĺӣħѪͳܵơ
ɣô˵ҲǺӵĹøһȥڿԸ˰ɡ
ʵڵ֪֮󣬽Ҫ죬ô˵ҲͬĸĽܣѾиԼԼŶ뿪Ǿֻһطʺ϶ˡ
ΪѪʯ
Ҳ֪
Ȼ֪ѪʯжôҪȫѪʯбô
Ҫ˵ģ׾ٵƻѪʯ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣѾľ֮Ҳ벻˸ϵ
˸ڽȺϢҲ֪ľ֮أᷢ顣
壬Ѿȥ𣬿ɾԲЩթ˺úõػš

1488 ޻

1488 ޻
˵ȱ֮ʱЦЦǽһթ
ԭˣ
û뵽ȱ㾹ⷽ档
лˣģһŶ뿪ǶôѡҪԼˡ
һâʧڽǰʱҲ˹
ħԾǺɫɫĵأõʥε꣬ҲҲûбҪ

ҵ˶ԼĶԻ֪붫
Σ
Ȼħ˵˼Ȼ
˵仰ʱ򣬶һʲôĽڽֽиǣҲûҪˡ
ְүү˵һЩ顣
ڷҵ˻֣кŶǰ
үүʲôô
֣ҲˣӦ֪Լʵˣڴ֮ǰҪӦүүһ顣
ûкͶ˵ʵһħľƵĺӣЩ飬͵ĺӦ֪顣
үү˵
үүҪ뿪ħȥȥȵǧ֮үүȻѰ㡣
֪֣Ҫ뿪ħһħѾ׵ʧϣǶֳʲôĻûڿԱ֣ĴҲˣʮ
үүҲҪһ뿪Ҫһֱүүߡ
ǸĺӣȻöһħ磬Ȼֲ֪ʲô飬Ҳ֪õүүҪһΣպΣյ顣
ԣүүĻ뿪ħ֪֮ʲôЩ˶֪㡣
תʰŶֵңװŶƽϲԵĸ㣬һЩѡ
߰ɣڻʱ䣬뿪ħ
Ϊ˱ҹζ࣬ݲŽĵ˸Ͻ뿪
ʵѾµ˽ĵ˵ݣҲֻܴŶ뿪ˡ
ڴʱСԺѾħʹİΧˮйͨߣǲܵˡ
Ϊ߽˲Ǳˣһ״ͷĵ졣
˫ֱŲױŷű
죬ǰֻ󣬿ɻȶж㱻һǿϢ𿪡
Ŀڶֵϣкէֻ֣Ҫ΢΢һָͷɽִңʧ֮䡣
ôô
ǰȻĽֵ
ʱĵþеĵˣþеŮǵ죬һĵŮˡ
ڵĵħľΪħȨ֮أ׼κвԼȨ
ΪĶӣǵŮӵݹ֮ڣȻΪλв
գһ㡣
̧֣طǰĳһĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϡ
ôֱĶֶӣСӻ־ġ
ĻеôֶӣҲ˵˶֮Ĺϵ
ֽǶ֣Ǹвħλˣԣû˻λ
Ƭ֮󣬵ŽĿӶֵƿ˽ϡ
ģŻջ˱֮мֵǵ鱦й֣ҲҪκ𡣡
ĻýɫһһﻹǴһǮ

ĻһתĻΪķҪǮ˭֪ˡ
ȻǴˣǰħڣӣ
ͣ۵׺
ıǣȻ⺢ֶӣȻֶ뿪ħȥĵطȥ
ãһΣˣ׼ƥ͸λڽ뿪ħ
ǣ£
һǰȥǧ뿪ħ֮һҪúõһžͺãҪŻħˡ
׼̤ʱ򣬵ڽ
Ը¡

һ㶣׵仰ʲô˼£ȥħô
Ҫʵȥʱһ˫ֽıڻУڤҹκ˵Ļᣬӣ˵Ŀ⡣
ڿշвգ֮ʧ˵С
ǽʧǰ˫ȭһֱŽʧķû뿪
ǵãþ֮Уڽϵʱһ޷ݵĸоӿָоûиоġ
ʲô첢ֻ֪ý£߱㰲ˡ
ϳ
ϥڵϣѾ̫̫µĥ񣬶ܸŽƽ뿪ħеҲͷˡ
Ҳνˡ
ʵ̫ɳȥɱľƵֻ˾ľ֮󣬶˺ܶ飬ոֳ
Ȼ֪Լ㲻Ҫȥˣ˶ϰɡ
ת첢δһ죬˫ָ󽥽Զȥ
ϥڵϵĶŵȥķͷһɺɫĻ˲ȼ𣬲գۼĹ򣬱㽫˷մһ̲ҽš
һߣһֱħнϣĿҲŽģĽıëġ
үôҵĻ˺ܻܿ㡣
Ĳòʲô뿪ħ֮˵ȥڤҹͳˡ
㽪֪ԼĿΪҪε飬κߵС̳Ӻǲˡ
ƶûȤƶںΣ
վ˵ԼĿġ
Ҫ֪εǷڽС
ڣڼʱһ仰Ҫô˵
þòˣ
ˡ
Ѿʶʾ˼ǧ鼸飬һ뵽Σеʾޣʣµֻǻźڴ
ҴӦ㣬뿪ħ֮һͷεꡣ
û뿪ħʼշĲ
ˣиҹ˵㡣
⻰ʱԯ׿΢΢Žü̫׵ΪҪ߽㣬οѾ˰ɡ
ôңľƺ͵ټ屩¶ڽģڽŻЩ顣
ڻþп̬ʵһĻҲ֪鷢ľͽβ
þȫľƵ꣬ľҲƴһ˶˵ĺӣҲΪˣ곹׵׵ѣʧ֮䣬޷ֻء
˵ŵ֮£ʾԯ׿˶ֱǸӣǰһԣƺûĹָ˭
أ
ǵ˵Щ飬ΪĹؼѪʯֻҪѪʯѱƻ˾ͻΪҽ
Ѫʯôױٻ˵ԴΪѪʯ
˵ҪõһֲֲרſѪʯĴڡ

1489 

1489 
Ҳ˵ϵĶˣһϣȻпƴĴڡ
ʱûзߣûС
һֲ޻ݣֲڼ֮֮УϹ޿š
ֻҪҵ޻ݣԿס
ǲҲֳ֪ڼ֮޻һʮϧϹػţҪѵȻϼ㡣
һֱħǰУʮ֮ٶȵħڣѾԤʱ䣬ʮ廹ǰ˹
⺢ǣ
ֶӶѣ߰ɡ
Ҫ뿪ħҪ׿ϡ
ֻһζһ뿪ħ쵾׼ħ뿪
ħ֮˲Σ˻ء
Уˣ⺢ӿ壬˰ٵء
ǰ֪ǰĶֲħˣˡ
Ϊ˱鷢뿪ħʱʩ˷˶ϵħϢڶħĺӣϻĵѪҺ
һ˫ɫŶãٴһڡ
ĺôᴳħ
ħ˱ҲӦ֪겻һŮӽħ⺢Ҳһġ
ЦţһӣʮϹźľ޵ڵ¸쵣ûƷζʳڿľڵʱ˫
ǸɶТ˼ҵģû¶ĻǾ˹
еĺľڵڵϣǣŶֵС뿪ڤħ֮ĽӿڣһʯŻպϣֻųźľ޵ڵѾԶ˵ˡ
ֱо쵵Ϣ³һ
쵾޿عޣҪĶĻȻʤ㣬ͬʱҲˣֵã
øҪȥʲôط
ֻϰ߽нĹø֪Ůװ
أȥڤһЩ飬Ȼȥ˽硣
뿪Ͽ֮˻صڤ
ڤһμĵ˵ʱǽǣŵĶ֮£Ҳüͷ
Ĵ⺢뿪ô㲻᲻֪ɡ
Ȼ֪ô˵⺢ҲһѪͳ࣬ҶֵĸĸҲϲ⺢ڰյС
ȻѾ뿪ҶҲûκηԣŶȥ˽
Ȳ˵ˣε¶֪ɣܸܲŸõֻص
ֻأڽڽ绹ڽ֮󶼻뵽ֻ֮УͶ̥ת
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڤر
Ҫʲô
ûʲôƾ֮Ĺϵڤҹֵܣô˵ҲӦýһɩӶԲԡ
ЦĸڤطǰϹŮһĽģŮ©ЦݾͱʾҪùˡ
ʲô㣬ֲܳ㣬ΰһõ˼ô
ڤУ֮鶯֮Ҵв˼ڤؽΪľڤظΰһõ˼ҡ
ⲻУ˶ǰźõģͿ޸ĵģУ
Уô˵û£
ŷľӣһڤҹ
ڤҹܵܲһô졣
Ŀһڤҹƺƺôĵܵܡ
ڤҹȻĶԼϱġ
ֻҪ˴򡣡
ڤҹҪסԼʲôڤ磬Ծڤ
ڤطߣʵڤһпĵڽǰԼһ޿ħǰʲôʣûõġ
һߣεѾͷųվǰòŮӣԭҪ˵ڵһӻﾹȻȫҭסˡ
գο˿ڡ
ɵӣôʶˡ
һǰҪסΣֻ꣬˫ִ塣
һĨ˵ɫ۵׸ֶЦţȴǱȿ޻Ҫѿ
Բ𣬶Բ𣬶Բ𣡡
˵ŶԲۿƺҪ˶İûһԵȫ˵һ

ǰ红ͯһϴˣǰ˫ظա
ǵȴҲҲ۹⡣
֪Լʱ䣬һ֮С
ӦҶԲǣΪҵçײҲ䵽أҲẦ㡣
ǣҵĴһҲ
Դ֮ܳʱ䶼ڻجج״̬£պѾѡ
ԯ׿Լÿÿԯ׿Լܡ
һЩֵĻξͲ
֪ٸҹλ֮ʱ룬ԼһˣںԼҸһ
ɵ֮ʣµֻۣԼ֮С
˶˵ңڵĵүȴһֱӱš
˵
λĶһĨЦ쵽˴ǣ˵Լħ֮顣
Ҳ뵽Լ꾹ȻᱻħϢһƬɫ֮󣬾ȻħʹС
콫ɢһ𣬲εĽţħĴ˾Ҳռ˵һĸ˻ħ꣬Щ˻бһĵү
Ǻαһֱĵţһ껹꣬һǧǧ꣬Ըš
ڵȵԼҪȵˡ
ģһο㣬֪ˣ˵㲻ҪԼˣҶʵ˭ûдֺα֮С
ǡ
ˣ
ʱĳڶ˲ԶĿһԵʯϡ
ѾǰҺͶ̥˼ңĻǰˣȻдѵʱ䳥ԼĹ
ôô
һһӱߵǰѯ˵ĻǼ١
զһƭôģǻ˵ҿǻ˺ôһǮͨ˹ϵתǮټϵүǷҵǮûиǧ²
У˵ǪңǧƶҲһӲٵĻ㡣
ǼȻҲͱˣٹһӵʱǰͶ̥ʱүȥǰֻذɡ
ÿһ·޵ǣεָͶ̥תֻش
˵ӦɢӦֻأ˽ֻصΪһةҵǧѾǷ⿪ˣȥֻ֮ǰҪ
˰ɣֻ֮һȫµԼ
л
վֻشǰζЦ
㣬ǵôӦҵ飬һҪҵң֪ô
ͷȥ˽ֻصһâ֮ʧǰ
ʧеΣ̲ס໵һ˳

1490 

1490 
˺ˣתһôȻ˵㡣
İοһԵԯ׿Ц
תΪةฮǧ˵ֿ֮Թƽˡ
ԯ׿һڣ͵̧ͷһѾסԯ׿졣
СӣƶͿ㲻˳ˣλŵʱͺƶתˣȻҴεע⣬ƶŪ㣡
ԯ׿죬ԯ׿ҲʾȭӣǻνʮֵѪ͡
øүԯȥĺô
û¶İɣܹò顣
εĳֽ⿪еĽ٣ͬҲԯ׿еʯͷ
Դγ¶֮󣬱ֿѵͬİ·ҲԷŤһȻ治ô൱ѪôõĽ֡
ү֪飬ȻҲĵġ
ˣħˣǿԻĻˣ
ڻصĻ֮ǰһҪȥǽ͵ڡ
뵽һ㣬͵ò顣
뿪ڤ磬ǰڡ
ҩүүĵʱ򣬼ǲԼ۾
ʦҩүүһǽһиλģУħûκΣգλıǡ
İħԭƶ˵һ£֪ȥħ棬Ϊڵһ£˵ǵҲ
⺢ӡ츳
վǰʮ꺢ͯȻ˵ֻʮͣȫɢϢС⺢ӽضΪһ
ʦҩүүЩҪ˵
Щ£˵ö֪ȵֳ֮Ȼʦԭԭ֪붫֣Ǹʱ򣬶ԻԼѡġ
ɽۣɫЩС
ôˣʲôʱأ
ʦҩүү⺢ħǰξľƵĺӡ
˵Źڵľ֮飬Լӵ
ŻȻ򣬹ֲڿǺӵʱܾһˣԭľƣ
ȶֳһЩ֮ڸֵ֪Ҳ١
İɣΪʦúõĽ̵֣Сסһʱô
ĺϣͷӣܾǰһˣⲻѡ
˰ˣԼҪȥҲ
ЦЦڤҹԯ׿뿪ڣǰĻ
ʱ֮һοĸ˴ص۹Ļʱֻ˲ѹ֮ǵصϮ
Ϣ֮мŸ޷ݵ
ħУ壬壬ȵȵȵȣ֮ħ٣
ȻԵֻһˣ塣
ô
Ĳ֪뿪Ļʱ䶼ʲô
罪ʼԤһĻڳ˵ļϸ
ϸĻĲ嶼͸¶ˣҴ˻أڳǷӡػŵĽƻĻ᧿ΣػӡϾҪѡ
Ļ޻󷨵ʱΣ˴ٽҪĻ߽⡣
ʱ˿̵ĻѾټ˴󲿷Աع飬Ϊľ˶
˵ĻҪ࣬ÿһ˵Ϊ쳣ǿ
ڤҹԯ׿˸ո̤Ļأ㿴иŵһȺˣԺүԼһһŮӰΪףעĿ
ǰ°׷Ůһ˫ȫɢŲһϢڰ׷Ůߵĺˣǿ˲ֱӡ
У˵Ĵڿ˵֮ϵĴֻǿߣɶڽ˵ֻһݣǵס
ס
ĸոոտڽŵףһһŷġ
㣬òˡ
ϤǶԽĶԣǶڷĶԡ
֮УһϮ׷ķѰعųеˡ
֪Ѿȥɶ꣬ǸɬѾɱΪʶһİ
Уˮӿ̧֣زеˮϷǧԡ
ûǷǧԣĵĵܵܡ
Դһ֮󣬽ıҲûмǧԣһ֪Ѿ˶꣬գ֮䣬ֻѾȥǧꡣ
㣡
ģǧҲĵļ
ǰǧſ˫Ҫӵģ˭û뵽һĻˣڷǧԼסĵʱ򣬵ǧħ˵ǰľȻץסǧԵֺݺݵһˤ
ϣ㣬ҿΨһĵܵܡ
ΪΨһĵܵܣº֡
һĵ˵ֺݺݵ˷ǧһţ滹ϵԹŷǧԲ
ˣ¶ȥ㣬Ͳǲǣ㻹׽㣬Ľô
ϣϽҴˣҲЩˣⲻô
¶ˣҪǽǸӸֹͲˡ
һ˵һߴţĿÿһ仰Ƿǧȴůӿ
Ϊ˷ֹС˾˱׸ĳڷǧ࣬ΪǧԽΧ
ףС˾飬Щ֡
ģ
ģ
վһԵĽİݿԼıŮǿĵҪ
ֱ䲻̬˲ʧռǰϵЦҪôĳжôĳ硣

ģ벻
룬Ŀˡ
֪Ǽұ㿴׼ʲôǼСϲԵĸ㡣
İݴӽָóѾ׼˵ĸ㣬Ϊ䱣ʵ״̬Կȥ͸ոճһɢڵ
ۣ㰡ľ֪ˡ
Ц⸡ϣĸԸ㣬㱻һĿֹˡ
վˣ˭СӳԸˣ
ˣķħһˡ
İ۽ģֲΥԼҷ˵Ļֻε̾һ˫̯ʾΪˡ
վˡ
ħİݣ߷ǧԣ͹תĽһſ˱ֱվڽǰȴŰѵ
ôôʡģ֪ڲôǿˣĴһ˼ʮ꣬ССĴҹħȥаӴˣ
ףȥħʥ
Сֹţ˫ֵһίҪ
ǰˣҲΪǺã˾ͱˣΪ۵ĺܡ
ϣİΪ˵ɱʻǵķ
һĿԼͲӦûԼվͬһϡ
ȻͬյҲɲһյġ
ʱһɫӰڽߣ˫Ҿ
ڤҹĸˡ
ڤҹڽ࣬ҺǾڤҹĸ˵Ļ֮ʱĺͷǧԷ׷׵һ

1491 ս

1491 ս
˵ڤҹͽ˵ĹϵֻҪɵӶԿóзĸˡǲе㲻̫ʺϡ
ڤҹ
ĵȻ˵ڤҹ֣Ҳ֪ԼŮ֮Ĺϵ
ɫķµĿųԼŮǰˣǿԣ֪Ѿͷ
ĸˣǰħ֮ԵɽڤҹĸҪ𷣵Ļڤҹǡ
ڤҹǰħеζԼϣͣĿڤҹس˳ڤҹ
ζԼѽҪȥħģһȥġ
ڤҹס˽ĵУ鲼쳣
ǲǷǰħе𷣶ӦΪܡ
ˣΪ򣿡
һ˲䣬Ŀ䵽˼㣬İݰ˫ϸĵ΢΢еɫ쳣
ɼĳˡ
Ϲħڤҹ
ˣǡ
ڤҹعŽİ
ţδϿҽҵŮд˴ҲҪбˡ
Щ齪İݿŮǲĻҲνЩ׼Ůԡ
е֮ɫһ㣬޷Ϣ
ڤҹʼնһ飬ûп־ûκβ̬ȡ
ο𲻻һЩ˺ŮҵŮ
ʱڤҹǹôʱڰ񡣡
ġ
վڽķǧҡҡͷʱСѾͷǲҪ˵ĺãЩҪýİݺڤҹԼȻ񵱳Ƶ۹ʱĵһȫվڤҹߣ˵ĵ˾ѣ˵ˡ
ˣ֮ȷȷʵʵڤҹĲԣԴˣڤҹþҲҪڱģǷͬ⣬ʱʼڤҹ϶ֻһˡ
ǣƾ㣬ϹħΡ
ڤҹϹħħ֮ס
İ˵ħ޳񣬿ΪѾһУħΪ£˴Ļùֻ˵ڳ޹·ˡ
һĻվڲԶеˡ
үӣǳһ˴ٽĻôɡɼͥˡ
ģϷô֪
үҲ֪״ôһ¶±ˡ
ι߶߶ʲô⣬ǲʥǿɾͲˡ
˽ĻûҲÿһ˶ΪĪĸ֣ĻھĻΣ֮õóֵսҲֻ߳ɣĴˣȻǳԿġ
ڣħûĻձȻҪˡ
ĻݣҲֻһǽĻˣǧ˵һ𳹳׵׵ʧҲΪ˼
ǺүӲ뿴һĻΪ˲ػΪ֮أǻҪȫսס
Ȼǿ󣬵ԵȴǸΪǿĴڡ
Ϊ׵ֵģмŵ˷ĺͽĸŮˣҲΪŭڳλʿ
˭ĵӣȻķˡ

ӽ㻹Ůա˭ûŻȥ
ԭâĽİڤҹվͬһӪУȺİŮˣܺãͷ
һ˲䣬һϢܲɢ
ħİݣϹħڤҹеＫµķǧԣ˿ɶ֣˰ҰһѪɫ֮䣬ѪȵζŻ
ǸɶҪҪ֣
ͽͷӦûҪ˰ɡ
ϰɶأϷŪȺ˶ӣ
ɱ
һʱ䣬ĻһħսһɱҰϮ
һȺУ˽İݣڤҹͷǧɵɱ֮⣬ʱʮɱ
Ϻӽǿʲôȥ޻ء
ʮֵܽǣɱȺ
սѪȣ޷ݵĻ档
΢΢üͷתͷŷġ
ףսôô
ľսЩ𣬱ˡ
ɲ֪ΪΣһڴս֮Уȷʵһ޷ķС
֣ڽĵļϣŮ
սʵս
𡭡
ʱĽָ쳹һ춯ػص֮䡣
һ˲䣬է֣ؼ䡣
ˣһѷɽҲڽࡣ
ˡ
˪;ĳ֣СҲζžβͳ֣ڿĵʱһ¡
һֲ֪ôݵͷ
ˣǺơ
ף˭ô˵ģ
ĺգС˭ѧֻ
νѽǴħ뿪֮ν㽻ҺöõĶأﰡүЩǣ

û뵽ǰȻôŮӣ
˪βѾͷı治١
ٺ٣ף˪죬ҶӣӣҵСҵĳ
һһţʱڰе˪˫ۣɫͫ׿ģȺصŽס
ףþòҺ㡣
ңš
Ļ˻֣ʾġ
š
ԣ
û뵽ôõʱ䲻ԼҵСѾͷϹħ񣬻ո˪;βϹ
أһĨЦ⸡ڴǣΪףοԼŮеˡ
һİŮˣǸ˵Ϲħ
Ůͬڤҹ顣
һʱûзӦƬ֮ſʵ
סĲô
ʲô÷ԵģҪʱڤҹ㵲ţЩʱڤҹ˵ͳȥ߹˷ֵ꣬
ǡ񲢲ڤҹ
ڣܲܶû𡣡
ԼŮڣһжû¶
˵ΪҪǱˣӶ԰
ңһЩɫ
𡫡
վ˪ͷž߸žβСڰС
һɫɫӿϵһ̣һ˲䣬ƬƬ˱ա
𡫡
һΣ˪˪ЩΧŵһαסδüѪʯ赲Ϊһص˦ڵķѡ
ֻҪѪʯ飬˱ѿٴμս
ȥǰ취
սѾҹһʼȻƣųǿתΪơ
ôȥĻܱ
ڴʱеһֲ׵֮¡

1492 ĵ

1492 ĵ
£Щԭ׼ս˾Ȼһڵϣͬһ㡣
һĻĵ̧ͷֻ֮վһӣ˫ֱɷ֮ʡ
ǰӵʱ򣬽һ£ⲻǾô
㣿
ңûʱã޻ݵĹЧֻάְʱ䣡
޻ݣ
֪ܿѪʯ޻ݣѵȥ޻ݣ
Ȼ޻ҩۣɢƲ֮У£޻Ҳ˵ϣסѪʯ
Ϊ޻ݵĹЧǿʧȥܿıƱΪơ
Ļʤ׷ڰʱ㽫Ťת
Դˣ˹Ļһսܸա
ұӶ԰Ľİݶںүӵ֮¼ӹӵķӡ
ûиʮ꣬Щ˾Բٴ̤硣
Ļ
һ£׷ģҵĵİݡ
ԯ׿ΪףֻʮǷ׷˫ֱȭŽİݺͷĶ˺ŵס
ǵʮˣĵ׾ǵףĵĵȻҲǵĵ
ĺգԼͽİ˼һܶûͷ
СģڤҹǧԣĺͽİΧԡ
İݵĿʼյڤҹŮ˶
ˣĸ˺Ȳ衣
бˣܲ𡣡
Ȼһս˲ս죬ЩϽİǾԲԭġ

üͷ֪ӦôȰ˵
ߣЩ˾ߣҲ뵱Լʲô飬ҽҽ㣬ܱ˵顣
ǧʼ飬û˵Թޣǹȥ
Ϊ˶ٿѣī˵ʱܸоǵʹ
İΪڤ֮УҲҵģͽûκιϵ
ǧԣ
㣬֮飬ЩҪ˵ķ
Ǹ˶ܿóǧԺڤҹ
ڤҹС˾㣬ӴԺǷҵŮ˾֧㣡
ҽҵŮֻҪ𲻵ͷͲ׼̤뽪ҴŰ벽
ҲͷǧԸô˵ͬ⽪ĺڤҹ˵Ļ¡
ڲԶϷĺүǽҲҲǡ
ȿȣǡ
գү˳֮£үų棬ڻŴʱεա
үӡ
ЦЦÿԼλʾ⺫ү¡
үãҲ۵Ļ⣬ڤҹ˵మκǼλͬ⣬֪үӿʲôڵķ
Цĺүӱ󷢺һϹħһħĻĳҲѡ
ϷѾһϹͷˣڡ
үĸѡ񰡣һϲѡĻɾ군ˡ
ò׽˸ϳ磬Ļɲܶˡ
ɿӣǲ˵һЩʲôĻ군
ҪȻɣĻСʿɶǧ곤ͬ٣ǸɴĺڤҹȥƢĥϵòˣۻҲ١
ĵ˵ͷȽͬ⺫үӵ˵
үӴãҵһ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĵĿڽĺڤҹϡ
ΪǴﵽ۷壬Щ黹޷
ʲô
үӵЩ棬˷ӣֻǵһڵԵɡ
ģڤҹ֪ʲôô
һӣһΰƴСĶС
ˣСָ绰ˣ
ûУʱղͬ޷źţҾóһĺڤҹʲôѡ
ЦЦָֻ⿪
˵ƽĵʱһСϷⷦ
⣬Ľֻϣ滹ŽСʱƬ
ֻȥʮһ͵ʱûģõ̫ܵس磬Ȼûʲôźţ浥ϷǿԵġ
ۣÿɰСŮӣСʱô
ֻСŮǲ⣬ɿ˿ɰСޣ̲ס࿴ۡ
ڤҹҲˣ۾޾ᡣ
ˣСʱĻô
ףô͵˯ʱĳ̬
涼ǽСʱ˯ŵӿɰСʱ׺˵ⶫֻʲôĴδ˵
ѽЩص㣡
ָָϵֻ߽ĺڤҹˣҪȥĵطǶʮһ͡

1493 

1493  
ʮһͣ
׵Ĺô
ʧ˵һЩڶʮһ͵飬Ǿȴǲ˽⡣
ҵҪܼ򵥡
˵ĵĿ⿴ڤҹͽĶˣһ棬Ϊ˽ԼŮƢΪӣɷƢ
𿴴ʱİǧ˳¹ŮҸ⣬Բʹɵİ֣ԷϹħڤҹ
ףʲôҪ󣿡
ˡ
İҪڣȴڿ֮ǰĸֹˡ
๫֪Ҫ˵ʲô˵֮һͬġ
ЦţɫǶɷİͬʱҲΪŮȡҸĻᡣ
ŮϣΪĵĸ׵ȻϣŮҸǽİҲͬΪŮĵȨ
ɾ˵һŮڤҹһλᣬֻҪץסλᣬ֮Եע˵ģץסλᣬڤҹϹħҲ߽ġ
İ̾һδٴοڣ˵ԼΪҪ
Ҫ˵Ļܼ򵥣ǰʮһҪֿ
ˣĺڤҹ֮ϣ޷֪˱˴˵Ĵڡ
ĵܼ򵥣ýĺڤҹǰʮһҲ׼ʹ漰ȫǰ¡
ңʱ֮ڣҪֱڲͬĵطڤҹؿ˱ڤҹ
ǻڤҹΪʮһ͵ѰǷڶʮһȥҵġ
ҵˣ֮ĹϵȻ֤һУҲʲôҲǱ֮Ե޷֡
ޣʱ䡣
ס
ĸˣ˷ģʱ֮ڣһҵˡ
£ڤҹ֣޳ָظŽĵգһĨЦ⸡УĳͰ
ˣΪ֪ѴһʮʱΪ򶼵ȵ㣬Ϊ򣬲ҵΪʱ䣬Ϊһҵ㡣
ڤҹ
˵ʲôֲ֪οڣһӳڤҹ֮ⲻڼ޸ˡ
Ƭ֮󣬽ĵ˵ͷأǸֳЦݡ
һ㣬Ƕá
վһԵķô᲻֪ŮڤҹôУκΣ֤˵Ļᡣ
ڤҹᱻ͵ʮһ͵κһط컯ͿԼˡסֻʱ䡣
һʱ֮ųǰڤҹŽĺ󣬱ֻУʧС
ڤҹʧһ˲䣬ľ߿ģҪĶʧһ
ġ
ߣŮļĶᡣ
׻Ὣ͵ʮһѧУҪúõѧϰסڤҹѰңҲѰڤҹ
һʱ֮ųǰĻʱһԾὪİҪ˵ʲôֻʱ֮ʧ֮䡣
ΪףİȻϣŮҸǶԷϹħ˺ŮȻĿԼŮΣյһ
Ůʧİ˵İٰζ
ˣΪǲ̫ˡ
ߣĳЩ˻֪ԼĹְԼʲô鶼ˣҪԼĹǿϡ
˵ĲǱˣǷǧԡ
Ǿ仰һ̣ǧԻ˽İݶԷĵ˺һӶˡ
ɶ¶ƶе档
һ֪¶һԵıŷǧ˵׷ʲô顣
ĳЩ˵ûʱҽ˱޳ܵ顣
ǧһ뿪˵ʮһߺȾһ²ŵ꽪İЩ顣
ʮУүӿ˿İݺͷĶˣεЦЦ
ж︣ûɶ¶Ļͷ޲һĻɺá
Ϊǽĵף˳ʮƣĪϤоںүС
ãǷ޶ûʲô¶߰๫ĺڤҹԼˡ
קŽİݸںүӵ뿪˵ʮǰĻڳǡ
һߣѾ˶ʮһ͵ĽĲ֪ڤҹںδ
ʮһ͵ʱһŹ·װվԼǰ
İɣ׵ĺѣҺС
屾ǶʮһXеһߣΪвЩ;Һ÷ĳ־һ
ǰЩյ˷ĵϢ˵ҪԼŮʮһѧϰǰͷļһģһŮӣӦþǽˡ
á
ĺ׳񣬶˰ɣȥԷϳɣ
򿪳ţȱվһûн복ڣڿ׼շУúæǰץס˽ġ
ΧȻûʲôˣżҲ·ˣǱ˿ɾˡ
ģϺܵͣҲ˵漰ȫ֮ʱԲշС
ǳɰɣҪô
Ȼ֪ԼǰɫһĶʲôȷӦֶн
ϳɣǱ߱ġ
ܸоõĵǿ˿־壬֮ǰҲ˵⺢Ӳ˽ʮһ͵һҪ͵ѧУȥѧϰ֪ʶ
ڳϣͽ˵Źڶʮһ͵һЩʶ
ͺñŵ߽ͨοͨĽֻߵ·߹·ȵȣ
ԭˣ
ԭ׵Ĺ羹Ȼô桭ȻĻڤҹǷӦ
ڤҹ΢΢üͷɵõ
ʱ䣬ŽĵľƵ꣬һӷʢĲȡ
ֻţȥѧУ֮ʲô鷳͸绰
ڽĵֻԼĺ롣
òĵѧϰڶʱڽźܿͻʮһ͡
л塣
˯һʱȥѧУ
ҹɫXУ̨ϴŷ磬ͷǿա
˵ʮһνĸ߿ƼҲֱݣҹеǳңԶһֺǹĸоҲ˺ѹ֡
һ㣬ΪƵѹƣϵ͵Ŀ֮֮һ
³һ˫ۡ
ڤҹߣҲҪúõŬ
ʱôԼڤҹһٴģһ
ڶ죬ŵʱ򣬽ӽȥѧУѧϰ
ΪѧУרŽܸãһЩ֮ˡ
˵ʮһϺܵͣûߡ
ѧУĽʦһЩ֮󣬱㽫ĽиŮʦ
ģס˵Ļ⶯ʲô¾͸绰
֪ˣģҲġ
ϵİɫѾһɫ˶һβһͬɫϵͽ
һʵЩأ˲·ѡѡȴ俴ѧƬϵɫ˶

1494 ѧ

1494  ѧ
һʮࡣ
ıŵİ༶
һ·ϣŮʦԽĿͿģʲôطĲõһ㡣
ΪǺѧģڶʮһ͵˵ǾǿߵȻĲеϵ
ŮʦкѧУĽ̵ΣҲһߡ
һʮ࣬һʮİԪ˻֣˵һ
֪Σͬѧʦɡ
ԪŮʦ֮ʣܸоõԪʦҲǸߣˮϵߣȵͬͬԴֻϼص£ԪʦΪҲֻǴﵽеȵˮƽ
ͬѧǾһǰתһѧԱҹƻӭ
ĸڰε߽һʮ࣬һʮʮͬѧųǰͬѧͬѧһ
Ȼ˵Ӵĺܣɳû˵УҪƯԣУǰûȰ
ͬѧҽһ°ɡ
ŶҽнģԺһʮһԱˣա
ãٴӭͬѧǱиλãʱɣ
ָָŵλãλһŮߣıűŮߣ׵֡
ͺѧϰǣ˵ִѺá
ãҽнġ
Ůڿ֮ʱһ£漴Ҳ֣С˵á
ãҽκȡ
κȣ
κȵֺ񣬶ҳҲÿɰ͵ڼκʱһߵĺܡ
ͬѧ˵ǸɨѾ
Աߵͬѧ˳ĵӣƦƦЦ˺ǷС
ͬѧȫõĵط
һγŽĵ·ҪԼ
˵ʵڵģĺǲϲľٶڰγ棬ֹͣԼľٶҪȻҡ
һʱ䣬ζڽŸָ֪ʶڰϵֽʶȦѡ
ЩŤŤּ˲⡣
òװ˷ѧĵźԼؼҡ
ϦĹâϣһɫ˶ĽĳһǮһİǣУſڵź塣
Ǯ
ʱһ𣬽ŤͷŲԶ
ⲻκô
˶סκȵȥ·ذƺ١
ƺ١
κȣǿɲ㣬ǮҪȻ
κȵͷҪ㿪κǰ˸·
ҲѧУѧ꼶ѧ۸꼶ѧǳе飬ѧУ֮Уÿһѧ򵥣еĸԼıµ۸ˡ
ιɶأ
ǣֽ
˵ģʮһͺóԵĶࡣ
Ǿ֮һֿζĶС
ι˭ҵӣ־
˼ĳ֣֮еĹâһ
СãҪҪȥһᰡ
ǮǸתѧǱ⡣
κȼĳ֣æӶóͰ͵Ǯˡ
˵˼˽ĵϣںʮʮǮ
Сãߣһȥ

ִó˰ǣĿζˮɻȰѰǷŻͱһ˸ˡ
ץסģһһ˵ϡ
㾹ȻҴҰǣүģ
һ£˾ҲûһԵһ£ֵǰҪץסģɽһĳڵϣĻᶼûС
Źڵմ˻ҳİǣۣڵϼֱʿˮ
ҵİǣ
ܳˣѾˡңҸһ֧ǰɡ
ô
ڵϵĻ̌˫ۣĿκȣǶȿȥκȳκȡ
ѧУԶĳУĿָֿζİǣһ˫ҫ۵Ĺâ
Ҫҳ԰ôڡ
ʲôζþͺˡ
κ˵ʱʼǵͷƺ˶һ
ĲЩǧѡ֮ĸǣһݮζһţζһζһƻζ
һԪ
ĸǣĿǮڱиʲôɽȷʵκʮֵĸм
ȣҽļУ
κȳκȣҲΪĵ
ܸܵĳκȵһɫϢϢֻ˲ŻڣͬʱҲ֤ߡ
һʮһЩ˵ʲôκɨѾù֮Ļǿˡ
Ϣᱣ˲˺ѣһҪ˺壬Ϣᷴɣ˺ʩֵϡ

ʱֻˡ
ι
ģģûп㰡
ŶҺڳأϹȥ
˵绰Ц
ȣˣˣҼ
ĻӶеİԶˣվڳǰͷκЦЦĺů
һߣ˳Ľķ˰Ƿһ˲䣬ζɢڿǻУζ޷ݵ
һѧУΣ
УʶһɰŮͬѧ˰ǡ
İѧУ˽κȵ֣Ҳ뵽ǸŮ˭ˡ
κҵСŮ츳ܸߣֻϧؼӡ
κңô
һ߳Űһκҵ飬Ĵӽиоκƺ
κʮ֮һͽ࣬Ҳ٣ֻκҵȼɭϣΪκκŵãͱϳȥˡ
ŶŶ
˽˹κҵһЩ飬κһ綼ǿʳĹ
壬ٺ٣¶
У˵Ǹ˵ҪԼΪ˲Բ֡
ô᲻֪Ҫ˵ʲôӦƫƫ²ԡ
ðɺðɣ
мʧĵſڳŹķ羰
ȻصסլѾǰСʱˣȥסᵽѧУĵضΡ
ҲһԼҪȥÿ춼ѧѧ
УֱѧУһ׷ӣϲ²ıϲŶС
ݲô򵥣ҲƿߣеľҲ֪ȱǮҲһסôķӡ
ż⼸쿴ʲôŶıˣԼһסò˶ĵط
ƾϲУĸӸ˵
ڶ죬ͽѧɫ˶ɫı
˳ȥһǣõУſڵʱκȡ
ȣ
кļǰ쳣§κȵļϡ
˻
κȵһҲע⵽κȵٶͬʱᵽϵĸҩζ

1495 ͬѧ

1495 ͬѧ
ôһɲҩζ
ûûʲô
κȵͷЦЦƺ½ĲʲôһӿŲһֱǰߡ
𣬽üͷϾǱ飬Ҳö졣
һʮࡣ
νһ꼶һ֪еһ꼶ѧУѧĻ֡
ܵļҳļҳһ͵ѧУģҪһ꼶ʼ
ϣԾЩXYZʲôģֻɵɵĿ˿ڰ壬ֿ˿ľɫ
ʮһѾЩʱˣҲ֪ڤҹôˣûкúóԷú˯
ڤҹԼ߼ѣȴǹȥ˼ʮ֮á
׵֮֮ԼڤҹһԼǰģ
ͬѧĴʲô
ڰдŴ⣬ĸ𰸣źڰһ֣ɫӲ

C
κĸ߽ѡ˵֪Cʲô˼ҲûбķˣİκȸĴ˵C
н°ɣ
ЦЦֿʼͬѧ
ȣǵɶ˼
Ĳκȣڰǳʲôģʲô˼ΪʲôҪ˷ʱȥ׷
ѧ⣡
κҲЩĿŽģڰϵĻϺСѧ֪ʶûʲôͬѧΪô򵥵Ͷᡣ
Ŷİ
ᣬҪһЩ±ˡ
ѧѧ
òװѧںҾѧУȽԶıκȥѧУʳóԡ

ָָϵĲ˵ѡˣֳһ򣬿һ߰ķ򣬰պĻӦǶά롣
Ҫ֧İɣ
㡣
ڽߵκóֻɨһĻϵĶά룬ʾɹ
˸λã֮κȶĵĲһ׷
ȻûڤҹĺóԣҲպϡ
Ͷǰ󱳵Ľܵʲô߶ʮһĽĲһ׷ȫһԵλκǳź춹
ʱǰĲһ׷ͱһɶĴ˸
ͬѧԱôҪҪٳһЩ
˵ʱκҲǵͷϸӬ
ˣԱˣͳԸ춹ܳԱô
š
Ĳûȥ˽κΪʲôֻһ춹飬ʵǣİκȽķǮȫԹˣ
׼ȷ˵ǽһķǮԹˣʣµǮֻһ춹
κû˵κλ֮ŽĳԹ˷˵ʱ򣬴ĵ￪ġ
ΪʲôѧʼͬѧǵһֵˣΧˡ
ͬѧԺǡʳó԰ɣѣԷ
ҾͲˡ
εЦЦȻ˵˼ȷʵûɶǮ
ҲܳԱ˵ģǺͺҪǮɡ
ģһỹǮġ
ûûϵ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣۿΡ
ٳϣյڵϣڶֻҲ֪ôģֻ˺öϢֻҪˢˢŴƬǮ
ȣ㿴ҪȥӦƸǸã
ָֻһթƭϢ
˵С˾˱ˣĻǼٵģС˾Ϊܸߵġ
УС˾ӦĻѲ汻ˣô
ͬѧթƭϢŵģҰһº
թƭϢ
֪թƭϢΪǮ
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뿪ѧУĵһվȻǳУ÷ƺ֪Ļһ㣬׼Ƴǰ
Ȼӵʱ䣬ɱ
ɰ÷㣬ˡ
÷ˣ̧ͷһ۽ġ
糿Ƴƻ㶼Ƴˡ
֪÷㡫
һ̣û˳УʼѹսƷ
ȣǳԻǳԿ⣿
ͿÿֻܳһΣϳ߲ɳͼ⣬Сţš
κȰѽĸոѡʳĶŻԭλãˣƬȵȵСʳ
ı죬ĿκȣͼԼ޹ȡĻᡣ
ȣ˼һڳ壬ԻԿ⣬Դ
ʱҪӪĴ䣬ԣǽϻҪ߲ɳСţš
κȾܾ˽ĵ飬˭ǮȻеչ˽ĵΣҪ帺
գİͷɥĸΪëһ߲˻尺뿪˳С
ڵſڵʱ򣬷һվԼǰ
˲ѧУǵô
ָָվſڵˣ˵һװϵѧУˡ
ĺκȵʱЦʿĳŶ˵ͷ
ǻˡ
˽ǶҵĵճӣҲʮ嶫ҵˣѧУѧ᳤
һϵսȫ̶Уǧ֮Ŵ̽˽ĺκȵס
ԣɶ¶ô
һλѧᡣ
ѧ᣿
κȴûѧ᳤Ƕ˼ѧᣬ֪һжΪģϢ̫ͻȻˡ
ѧ᣿
ǵģѧᡣ
Цǽһᣬ˲ֲõͼ
ɶܳô
ѧ᲻ǳԵġ
κȽѧֵ˼ԼѧУĵλ
ȥû˼
ҡҡͷܾ˶ĺ⡣
ȥѧɶʱ仹һóԵء
лʦֻ֣ǱǸıȽϲɢ
κȽŽľܾԭ
ûϵһĵλǰѧᣬ仰ãλʲôʱͨˣʲôʱ򶼿Լѧᡣ
˵ţóά룬ʾ⻥Ӹѣʱ򷽱ϵ
ȻŶô˵ˣҲþܾʲôɨһ¶Ķά룬ȽԺӡ
һ͵ĸں꣬Сÿɱֻˡ
һ۱㿴͸˶Ǹʲôˣ˵µˮ©ŵ˫żĳǸĻ϶һУ˲¹ͷ
㰡ʲôأ˵Ҳϲ͵ˡ
ϣСѾͷ˵˵ǺηʥȻȵۡ
İ׷Ǹʲôˡ
ļ׷£κ˵Сʱ顣
ʱĸĸţ׺ĸ״׵ǰɽһСׯ
Сׯ˶ߣϰʮˣˡ
ǣһҹ·ˣʱͲ֪ԼΪʲôɭ֮Уһ֣һͷɫͷ¹֮£۾ҲǺɫġ
ָ£뿪ɽ֣ص˸ĸߣԴ֮󣬾Ҳûꡣ
ֱĸȥ֮صСɽĴУҪɽĴ峤ûظĸֵǣɽ徹ȻʧˣֻһտҲɽׯ֮
˵ʱκж˼ʧ䣬ɴǿЦƺϰֹµ
ûϵԺн㣬ˣҲܴڤҪˡ
κȵļһĨɶ¶ҵıκ
úúãԺͰˣȥ극ǿʼΣ
ô
κûлشģЦѾ˵һС
찡
εʱϿεʱҪĥ
һŽģʱĳ˱硣
УܶǸ¥ĴãĴȺ֮УھͷһɫӰӣϤ
ڤҹ
ǵӰȥҪ׷ڤҹ˭뵽ڤҹӰȴԽԽԶô׷Ҳ׷
ڤҹ
͵أϣ֪ʱѾ
俼أκȾ׼һС
緹󣬶ǰѧУ
ڽ俼ӣȫУҪͳһĿԡ
ͬ꼶໥ģѡǰӾ֮ѡʤߣн
ɶ
Ҳ֪꼶ҪӮ꼶Щѡ
û¶ͷһܸЩ˵ġ
ԽʮʮģäĿݵ֡
˭Ҳ֪תΪɶһһͷĽŽġ
俼ʽʼһ꼶ʮ༶ÿ༶ѡٳнѡʤ߶ս꼶꼶
Ĺʤƣһ־ʤ
ȻĽһ꼶֮УһϹұһһ³ɻ
˵һʮģһ͸꼶ʱϺȣ֪ô

1500 ɵô

1500 ɵô
Ϲ̬ȺǶӣǲ˽⣬Ҳȥ˽⡣
һڱʱϺȾͿˣĻǻ֪ʲôѡ
˭˵أӴͷô˵ô
һϹԽĵ̬ȣһ˲ըˣȥӶȭͷҪϹ
Ϲֻһ㣬˶һȭ
ۿվԼǰĶϹЦ
żҵʲôʱ䡣
˵һԣΪϹʮ֮⣬ǶżҾͻɵǣϹ峤Ҳүү˵
ʮֲϲϹԼ̬ȣ˵ϹҲʮ֮һλȴżңȻ˲Ƿᡣ
ǰˣΪڵϹһŶżңΪżҵĵճÿʵҪȻżôĶ֪ҲǣһʵķϲĶ򲻹ǶżҲûʲôչȥϣˡ
ˣϾҪʼˡ
һԵ³ɻһϹʾϿʼҪ˷Ѿ֮˵ϡ
ô
ĻһϹԽĵ̬ȣϹҶԶżҵ̬ȡ
ϹڵԼ˵ͬҲ֤ϹҶԶżҵ̬ȡ
ڶŭ׼ǰϹһµʱ򣬽֣˶
ͷ
㡣
˫ֶżµĿǰˣϹ³ɻô
һ꼶꼶꼶ѡѾϽһŸˣÿһ꼶λʤƶȣ˭Ӯ˾ܻʤ
Ʒÿ궼һ˵˭Ҳ֪俼ʤƷʲô
ΪУѧĶҲУĵʱº͵ЦЦ
ЦڽĵоͺϺһļթһڼƻʲôıҪȻܲðź
ʵϣûмıʲôֻͨһε俼һĵʵѡ
ϾԹ֮£Ļһʵ˾ȣϣУҲ˾ٶԽԽ潪ĵʲôˡ
Ψһ֪ڽĵϢһκҵŮκͬסһԺӣڶǽ뽭ʶǽѧУġ
ʱѾʼˣΪʤƶȣⳡһ֣ƽһ0֣һһ֡
Ϊ˲һ꼶俼վƣϹ³ɻûиĳĻᣬַ꼶Լ꼶ˡ
Ƕ꼶꼶ˣ˵Ϲ³ɻ£ˣķĳսǶҲЩƣ̬֮οһ꼶
һֱϵĽҲֵڣŰϵıǽһܡ
ǸոѧûõСӣȻ棬Ⱥһ꼶СӻǹԹԵĳȥɡ
Ϲ³ɻ˰󣬰ڵĻ̫ѿӮʤҲԶӮ˷ɡ
ӮǸܵ飬һ꼶վԴ󣬰ʯͷԼĽš
ţһ꼶һλͬѧûбͬѧ
Žĵ֣һ˲䣬еˢˢˢǵĽϡ
ңвУҼ粻ֲܿģʦʦǵĶ֡
Сģıûμӵ˼ҪǶǼһǿӲקԿڵաҲѡˡ
ʤѾˣһ꼶׵ģʲôñȥġ
һ꼶СˣİɣʦʦҲϲ˰
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ʲô˻ԹԵ뿪˵С˰ҪǱȻȻ
ҲǴүҸҴͷô˵㲻ˣ
Ҳ֪ǲǴͷеϰˣһ˶Խ̬ӣ͵شλ˲ٳϣߣӺԽǧɽ׼һܡ
ɻڶǰһ̣ץס˶
ͷſңҽҪ⹷ʺҾͲж
СȻһ㣬˻ġ
ɵã´˶
˱Ǻûʲô֮⣬Ǹֵýύѡ
ͷ¶Ҷ¶
ΪԽǧɽȥҲֻаķݶ
һ۾ͿԽǧɽͶ˵Ĳ
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Ǵͷ
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һǳˣִɫ˶¶óһţζİǣ˵ǰ˺
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ͷСʱôóô
ȻˣǻóԵĶпִ̼˼׷
ˣ򲻴ˡ
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ϻô࣬ɣţӣȥ˾ûˣ
ľǼſڽֵԶţӣΪζƷ۵ر죬˺üζû֡
ɣ
顪




զ¶
˭ܸ˵˵ղŷʲô顣
Խǧɽզˣôһ͵˵ϻ˹ȥˡ
Уĸղɶˡ
Χ۵ѧʦǵȻ˽ʲôԽǧɽһ˲䣬һơֻһƾͷŵԽǧɽ
һҲԽǧɽص
˭ܸǽһ£ô¶
ԽǧɽѧУǰʮĸ֣ôͱһƸ˹ȥ
࡫
ڳ˶ſˮ۽ǰ˼˿꼶꼶ʣµˡ
ֻҪӦǣһ꼶ʤˣ԰ɣ
顢顢顢顪
ϵĵص˶ߣ꼶ѡּ꼶ѡ֣ÿһ˾һƸ˹ȥ
Ψʣ꼶ѧһɵɵվԭأƺɵһûзӳǰ׷ʲô
ѧ㣬ŮҲ֣Լ°ɡ
Ŷã
ùıɵˣ˵ʲôʲôԹԵ˵ϡ
һ֮ս꼶꼶ˣʤͬҲ俼ĵһ
ίϯϵĶһ۽ĵĿɼɵüͷ
˼ĿȫУһ俼ȫУһ
˼˵ɼ˸棬ҲҪȥ˽⽪ˡ
填

1501 һ͵ڶ

1501 һ͵ڶ
ʱҲ˷ѧĵ㡣
һץκȳѧУȥһʧС
ͷȵҰ
һĺκ뿪ˣҲڶ˵ܳѧУֻʣһ±Ƶ㿴ҿ㣬˴Ҳ˵ʲô
С
ӣƳô
ѽⲻ̫żôٺ٣´ΣһһеƳ÷㡣
ЦķһƳɨκûзӦ¿ٽˡ
֪ʱ󻹶һ
ٺ٣ͷȽ㣬ұүүϳˣҪոһڷ԰ɣɨܿһܴܡ
Ҳ֪ʲôĿģԶԵľټԼҪ˵ֻϣСԺúܣҲһ
Ůסĵطһ̫ðɡ
üͷҲǣˮҪذʲôҲȥ
Ҳɣ˵ˣˮѵǮеļ
ף֤񣡡
ĴӦˣȵƳڶ
κȲĿŽģöסô
ģĺô
ûʲôõģһǸʲô˼ȷǶżҡ
⻰˵ģĿľöС˼úõĵһ˵Ľɫ
һ亹סſˮ
ڻؼ֮ǰǸϵüϼţڵĴӣҧһڣ㣬ǽһҸ
㡫
ţôôô
ǲ⣬Ҳһӷҧһڣһ˲䣬Ǳͽһģζ

ŽĺͶԻҸı飬κε̾һԺӣеæˡ
κ˷һ˶ĺͶԹˣҪκŵĻͷҪҧһҧ
Ƚ̫óˣ˭ҪȢȽţһҸ˼㡣
һϴһ߿κȵĶǳ׵׵ĳȵĳ֮£ǼᶨСԺסµľġ
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Ѿҹǽ磬ξȻѰڤҹΡ
ⲻ֪һеľٶĺͽİݷ޶˿С
๫ڤҹҴģҪңҪֹ˿ɺá
ˣΪҲǵŮİΣһж˵ģֻҪڤҹʱҵģΪ㲻˵ʲô
ʱ˹˿ˮеӰ졣
СѾͷò˵ˣǸʮһͻͦõģʱƶҲҪȥ
ҪҪھ͵үȥ
Цķɭɭķ⡣
һ仰ô˵ţˣĸŮЩëǺͷѧġ
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˵飬һЦݱжôĶˡ
ŶεѾתôô˵ҿһιƽˡ
˵ĲǱˣǵʮϴԯ׿
ԯ׿ϲε˽֪εתԯ׿Ʊػѡһš
ң˵ǲƶĶ֣ڸǡ
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ѾģƶʲôʱǷǮˡ
ˣ뿪֮ʱŮ˵ǷǮ飬ҽһծתøң֪үʲôʱǮأ
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ôƶ͸ǮȥǼǧôƶﻹǮôЦ
˵ţת뿪˵ʮʧС
˭ˣȥǮǶծȥˡ
λ𣬺үλȥڳǣ˵Ҫ顣
Ҫ£
΢΢üͷЩ⣬үӿеҪʲô
ǲƽһʱ䣬ɲʲô߰ˡ
һߣʮһ͡
еĽһ򦣬һűڱϺҵд֡
òװ¿ΣϵĴŹǷ
ͷϳɶ
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Ҫʳ
κȴ˽ҪȥԴ͵Ļ룬Ҹˣ극ҪΡ
Ƚ㣬Ϊʲôң
һĲƽΪʲôͷλҪ
һϷɢĵע˵͵ڶ
ΪһĽĵ˵ͷڶļϡ
ΰɣֵܣ
ͷڣһλҲȥġ

1502 ֵ

1502 ֵ
Ŀȫ꼶һĽĺȫ͵ڶĶ˱κǿвΣڲʲô
ͺ˫գѧУ١
ļڽͰŵԺ档
һ£ĺͶ˾ܵӰ٣κȾҲӰ
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ĺͶԿף˭
ʦ֣
˲ǱˣѧУѧ᳤
κȲ⣬վԼǰĶ
ʦʲôô
ȷʵһЩѲֵ飬ͬѧڼô

κҡҡͷɫЩأƺʲô֮ʱ
ҪʦֲżĻԽǡ
κȸ߶ĺͶȥɿڣ緹֮ǰ׼
˿ֱջǾŽĻ
ʦֺϰɣûкò裬
޷κͬѧͽͬѧǺѣ֪ͬѧһЩ顣
κȺͽסһ֪Ӧñܶࡣ
κͬѧᣬֻǺ棬뽪ͬѧΪµˣʮ֮Ҳһ
ԼĶ򣬲ǶԽʲôֻǺ棬ĺ档
ûϵĵҲǺ˽⣬Ҳ쵽緹ʱˣʦǲĻһԸ㷹ɡ
Ǿ鷳κͬѧˡ
Ȼ緹֮ǰĺͶһϷиɱ˭һŴӳһСʳص˼档
ףʦôˡ
ϴȥ
κȶŸոõĲ˷ϣʾ⽪ĶϿȥϴ֡
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ʮǰѧίУXнһլзһɱɱҲ֣լ˲òѧУѧæ
ѧһֻΪǶС飬ɵȵǲŷ֣ⲻǶô򵥣лűĶ
Ķʲô
ǺŶҪ֪ʮλǿߣеøеţ̳е̳󶼽˵飬ʲô

˵ֲ֣һЩ֪ȡؾǾۼԹаɵľ֣
ѧڵЩУˣҲû㼬ֹ
ңҲΪ飬ѧѾˣΪѧ᳤Ķٿѧκβ⣬Գǰլȥһ̽
ɽЩɥլΪĻ㽻լ֮С
޳ܲˡ
˵һʮһһ˵µ磬еõ֮٣ħ֮Ķ
˼顣
ûϵҲѧˡ
˵ʦǰӦôӦҲִʱ
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˵ţִһԵıóһһĻᣬ϶Ǹǹ״ζͬİǡ
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⣬ͬѧԶپͳԶ١
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˵ʮ֮׶ĵճôȨһС
ȻӦʦִլ飬Ҳһʦ֡
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1503 Сè

1503 Сè
򵥵ʰһ£Ĵһ׸ɾɫ˶˳֮⻹κȺͶ
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赾Բһ㣬̻ͼڣûв´ĻӦǳڹеʥҲǳϳĵضΣټӵ֮Ǵܵߣ赻аá
ȻֻһҪΪϿ̻ŵͼڣͼڵ״ǹ죬Ӧĳַ䡣
ϸļ赣赲ûʲôĵط
ڴʱլеĹâһ˲ʧȡ֮һƬɫŨһ˲㽫ڸǵʵʵ
ɫŨУǺ˷һŮӳڽǰ
ŮѪ˫ҪסĵĲӣڽʱȴ̳ɢ֮С
ǰֵĻþ΢΢üͷһĨЦڴǡ
㼿ô
ǽĿںڤħȥˣǰֲǧ򱶵Ļǰһж˵СƵֶζ㲻ϡ
ŨǲԹŮ֮վĶκȺͶǰȴֹ˽Ų
棬׼
һ仰һ֣ϣ˵ĽŲͣ
ڱǰ㻹̫ˡ
һӣ˫ֽӡڰУһ˲˺ڰеɫҲ˲ɢҲ©˱塣
ԭһֻè
ʲôˣ
èֽĿŽģô׾ٵԼĻ
Ĳδè⣬ǰèǰȤĿСһ
˵ΪʲôҪլЩôһ£
ΪԼ˭ôүƾʲô㣬Աү̬ȿһЩ
èǳƨľŽĶԼ̬ȣȻ֪ǰôƳԼĻչࡣ
αɵ壡
Ҳ֮ϵߡ
Цţһ˫еɫèԭһèȻӲĹ˵ϣסſˮ
Ϣѹơѵ˵ǰߣ
ܣôߵĴڣԲܡ
Լе뷨èôᱻǰѹƣô˵Ҳǧè
ӵʱ䣬ǲ˵һǰǧһɥֻصĻᡣ
£վ˫ָ
͹ڵϵèͺһֺֻݺݵţ亹ϵʴȫµèë
С˵֪ʲôСһһʮĺ˵ס
ʶʱΪܣèһǧɽյĵزҲǿһ˽ա
Ǿ仰Ȼ֪ǰǺηʥèһһʮ˵լ顣
еûѧ˵Ǹȴèûκιϵ
ӽǧʱ䣬һϽϽɵģϽ֮ȴѹһа飬լӵһɱ֮ˡ
լӵһˣ˿еˣ˭Ҳ֪һ˵ȴżس
ˣϣ˱˸εŷɥɱ֡
լԺеʬԽԽ࣬˱˽ʿѹа飬赱ʿ͵ı
˵˵ҲΪլеĶ飬ūʹűɱ޹
ʱôһһĹȥֱǰµ˷լӣլֽ֮µķӣլ
ӺˣΪг˯Ķ飬լӵĵһˡ
ɽСèΪԵլе赣赵С
СҾ뱣赲ֺѣûʲôûɱˡ
èģû˺࣬Ȼܶ඼Ǳ޳ĶҲˡ
˵ˣе·û߹κаû캦顣
ңǰǼĺʱǣֻЩѰ·󱻶ˣԲŻᶪ
С˵ĻǧȷһֵļٻС̻ҷ𡣡
èԼٴηģ߽ûɱˣû˺˵ֻҪ赲𺦣þ˶ѡ
Ŀè֪èû˵ѻþֵʱ򣬲ֻôˡ
ٶȣðʱɵһѣвףǵм߰ɡ
仰ʱèһ£ŵĿ˿ֿ˿ġ
Ҫ˵ĻҲ޷סլеĶˡ
ҲèĵһԭҪȻʹ뿪ˣµľ뿪լ֮󣬶ᱻܿƵıʱûһи˽롣
Сһﻹͦдȱ֮ĵġ
û뵽Сܹ˵İΣ
صèԴϣһѪèëϡ
ǱһҲʱ俴լĽ֮ɽ֮ʱѪӡ㵱һ
Ĵӹ赣è
߰ɣʣµ飬н֮
лСģǡ
£è赿˽һ֮뿪լ
Բۣʲô⣬ôĺӣ
ۼһӰûʲôΪһֱ޴ĺӣŵĺ

1504 

1504  
ӶǰܹȥĲʲôӣһè
ʱլ֮кɫϢѹʧа׷״ӵ·ӿϡ
ȣʦ֣Ǵ˳լ⡣
ģ
κȲûд뿪׼ġ
ΪȻƽûʲôͨı£ԿΧĺɫԹ顣
Ƚ㣬ͷһΣͷȻ˵Ļһʮʮġ
Žܰƽ飬Ϊʲôԭš
ʱŰĵĽ߳˷䣬һǰˣε̾һ
߲ߣҲˡ
ԶԶ˽ĵҲֲʦǼ˵ˡ
ֶаѾµħĵȼҲʮһ֮һοӴа˼
ȡ
ĻعͷĿκȣ˵һ仰
ţζİûˣȥʱһҪһЩ

κĲ֪˵Щʲô»ֻİǡ
ķģСһ
˵ýĸеЩľ㵣ʵϣЩ첻κӰ죬ҪȶͶԼһЩ޹ҲլУҲȥʲôˡ
ˣһ顣
ϳԻʱţ⣿
κһ仰˽Ҫ˵Ļ
֪Ҳ
Цţκȵļʾȥһ˵Ƚϰȫĵط
ϾһֵһĻѪȿֲƶٻӰ
ڽĻµ˲䣬һ˲ըѿñͰһƬլֲָ
ЩЩʲô
ԹǿԹլ֮ǵԹûɡ
ָָ֣ɫԹɵʵ塣
Ϻǣû뵽ЩԹȻԳô˻ʵ壬Ȥ
Թгʵ壿
˿ֵ֮Σһ˫ɫ˫ۣѪѪģжôˡ
ʦ֣ûʲôֵ
ʮһ֮һԼ˽磬˺ͽָ֮еϵ˵ˣС׶޷ϵ
УҶҵ
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֮˶֪
һԻûʮ֧ϸСÿһֻħķ䣬ħУҷʧ֮䡣
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ĶҲֻöѲɽҪԸլ֮еа
ӶнĳȺѰĹûʲô𣬵鲼ŵķ˽ĵȤ
䡭ĪϤ
ЩǴ
ϸϸĿϵķ䣬ԽĸоϤĸо
Ǽǰһ˾Ƕҵļ˴˵ȷ䣬Сģ
ͽ˵ŹϷ飬һֻſѪڱҪ˺ҧŽġ
һ̧һӣ㽫飬˻ҽɢں֮С
һĻʱ򣬲κȺͶסˡ
ѧУʱǼѪģһƴɢһ飬ҪεΪز
ѧУУҲ̶ȣɽϵȺϵү
һ˲䣬̫̫ӿ˶ߣֻ֪нլ֮еĶȫ֮лῪڡ
վڶۼʵǰҹ֮У˫Ѫɫ۾
ûв´ĻӦǽլ˰ɡ
ûлشĵ⣬ֳ˹
ûΪʵĶսԸ߳һΣԹ֮أһƬ˥ܡ
΢΢üͷбӵĿһ۱ԹʴĽһƴϣҪ˼ꡣ
سɣ
ˣִѰҲˡ
һڶ鲻ֻйլ˵꣬бլ˲кԼ޹ߵ꣬ЩѾԹȾǴӱϰ뿪Ҳ޷ֻأջΪµĶֻбķݶ
ʵһǰ׼µĽɱ뿪լ
һϵƬɢĵǣһƻӹʱƷ˹լķƬڼ˵ϡ
ۼֿǰһԼ廤סκȣһƬƬƬڶϣ۵

û¶˻
һߣƬ˲䣬ĶۿŶ鼴լ
ʱ򣬽Ѫ߶ŷ䣬˫ֽӡεĽС
ұȻǣκѰ·Թˡ
ӡķںڰɢžҵĹâ֮ʣһ죬δ߳լԹʵըѿһһİ׹ɢլΧ
ʱʵƬгѧУУˣ˱ѧլĹǸɣǶլ֮У걻ȾʧԼ
˵˶ǰ˽вҲвʣջǻƬʧڶǰ
ɫŶʵʧլϷŵԹҲ֮ʧΥ۹ںլС
˵Ѿˣ¹ʣҸ±ȽϺãУ
Ľе˶󣬿˿ܡ
ضаԵĺܣʬ֮أߺլһǲϺ뱲ںҸǳұȽϺá
£ĲᶫȾŶ˳
ͷɶ
ɶ߲ߣմȾ˶ϢȥԹ
լ뿪صҵʱѾˡ
˫յһ죬ڼ׼ԷĽֻʾ
ֻϢʾ
Ǯɶ
٣ʮǧ򡭡顣
ЩӦʦָĳͣլĳ͡
κ׼ŻĲϣһԵĶҲһ۽ĵֻ
ͷ֪ôѧÿһ񶼻ܶǮѣǲ̫ˡ
ʱһʾ
ĵ㿪Ƕ󷢹һѶ
ѧҪ¡
ֻǼ̵һ仰Ҳû˺󻰣ֻҲûʶɶ¶
Էඡ
ͷ㵽ˣҶ˲˶ҲϢ
ĺ潪ǺηʥΪֹǸûŮˣһֱ˾ȡ
˵ǿܲţ񣬱ҪǿһʮһɽѰ˵ġ
һЦһ߽Żʣڱ⻰ֻǿЦѣκȺͶȴǶԽĵĻȷޱȡ
ͷã

1505 Ǯô

1505 Ǯô
˵ţһżƻ˽ǰƻΰںãֲ֪ʲôط˵űҪ㡣
ŲҰ첲ȶι˹
ɥһĻӻˡ
ͷ·ɣ񣿡
ĸ񶼲ǡ
ʱ䣬ϡ̹ſٵأŮ˵ȵȡ
ΪͶеͬ
˺ˣ񣬻ʳѾˣΪλɻҪҪԷأ
Ȼ
Ȼˣ
ͬĺͶӿʼǽĵĳ࣬ȫҹ
ڶա
ĴŹǷκǰƳһֱǰš
Ƴ÷֮ŵѧУ
ߣòװݣĶκʳòͣѾȺʱ
ļѶյ˰ɣ߰ɡ
ߣɶȥ
׼ԼȵĽһ£Ҫǿˡ
ֵ飬ܼ֡
ɫЩأԣǱǰӵĳء
Ѳʲô鷳
ķ˻ûһڣ˸ڶѧУĽ
ǽǰЩӾˣһֱû
ʦ֣ôˣضֹѧġ
ҿԴʼ͸оɭɭķһʮֲʵĸоԽԽǿ
ͬѧӦûǵϷɡ
ʦָǸô
˵ͷߵһѧ¥ǰָָѧ¥ϡ
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ճ˵źµĸӦΪȴûŮӵϲκԹ֮Ů괿ĺܡ
ɶֲһĸ飬㣬ôǿ
Ůƺ˽еʣͬҲں潪ĵʲôˣΪоľ¡
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ˣŮǸ飬Ϊʲôᴿ⵽ûκԹԭΪ˹С
˵֮·ǧ֣ħʬҲ֮һ
˵ģҲǵһμߣȻ˺үүһ뿪ǸŮ
Ů㲻壬ʮУΪΪĴڣ֮ǰĹǴԹС
㣬ʲôˣΪʲôô㣿
ҿûҡ
ЦЦŶ
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ЩѧУץĶ޷䳬ȣҲ޷ݻ٣ֻܽǹѺǰշӡѣ¶ӡ
˵ǰյ飬Щŷӡɶ룬ѾвٶѾ뿪ѧУĹơ
ѧУѾֲȥȥץߵĶ飬ǰЩ顣
ӡԽɶ޷ӹ̷ӡĻѧУXжᱻӰ֮С
ҵңҼӹ̷ӡ
ţУ֪ںδҲֻҽͬѧˡ
Ҳδҽİæ֪լпһĻõĶһеϣѹ˽ĵϡ
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ָͷԼеļ롣
׻˵úãǮȻܵģûǮܵġ
˵һһ룬ʲô磬ǮҪġ
ʮ򡣡
ˬ죡
ֻҪ򣬶ֱӼһλȻ
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ҵȥ
Ľκνӡͷŷ䣬䷢ӵĹЧ
ӡκѧˣǵͷŷڣȴҲ䡣
ˣڵĵǼǲʺ䣬ñʻɡ
Ľκʹ÷䣬һԵĶҲѧϰһڣκȺͶǿ䣬ɷȴһ㡣
û¶ϰͺˡ
κȺͶļ¼ӹ̺÷ӡĽ˻ص̨
̫࣬ǳȥĻƶ໥ɻתΪһ̬
˵ʵЩﵽһ֮ʱͻϵı仯ʱᷢʲô˭Ҳ֪˵Ϊ˲鷢һһݵķӡ
򵥵İ취ǽЩȫ
УҲӣ̫֮࣬١
ŽģеҪʲô˼Ȼײ
Ļ˻֣æܾ
ֻܰӹ̷ӡ㻹ı߾Ͱɣ˵ˣǺԩ޳Ҳ֡
Ҳ飬ܶȻǹ飬֮ԳΪ飬ЩΪԩøҲЩΪ;óóȻȫ˵Ļʩ˵ضʹͽѡ
ŲЩ¶Լϣ鷳˵˷ʱ;ʱ仹ȥѰڤҹˡ
ҲգУмͻˣʱУʲôķӡ
ʦ֣ٺ٣ǮǲǸøˣ
ôôǮ۾⡣
˵ʮһ͵Ǯ׬ôû뵽ӹһӡ͵ʮ
ֻ𣬽̵Ŀ˿ϵһסˡ
ܣ˵ʮôôࣿ
һĨЦ⸡ڶϣΪĽЩǮ˰

1506 

1506 
һ̣ѵļ̡
ڵȵϷѧκȺͶйǰвɹ
ǣ볬֮ȴʮֲ
÷˿ģʾ˸Ͻ뿪
ɲ˵ʱһ˳ߣŵӵڶĶ
ߣûţվˣ
ɣٵġ
˵Ҳ֣ϴٵһˣƽʱĿ٣ƫƫֻ÷㣬˺ֳˡ
˴ñӣȫҲźɫ·ʵʵֻʣһ˫۾ۿΧһС
ߣôߡ
÷㽫ĵ˻ŵǡ
ôģϽǮóҪȻеĵɲ顣
ֵ˵ֻǴ٣ҿ԰Ǯ㣬˵Ļˡ
÷Ȼῴĵܵ˺æ̨ȫ˳˵ϡ
÷㣬ɶ
һ⣬˸Ҫ¡
еôˣǿɲһѧҪȻҲᱻ͵ѧУ
𿴶ƽͷԵģأڽٷ׼Ǯʱ򣬶͵һ˵Ĳ˷Ӧʲô飬˹ȥ
ҪһЩħӻܼɵ֡
⼸Žĵߣ˸׶Ķ飬ЩĻûޣϾԼΪޣӦЩǿӴĶ顣
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һᣬı֣ԲѵѺߡ
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ЦţŽȲɹõĻ뿪˳лصСԺ
ĺͶԸֽѲϰһ˵Լۣһ˵Լƣκô᲻֪˵˼˰ˣϢհɡ
ҹķ촵ĺκ˼ҸĹ԰ֺһȺϴүϴ˹㳡衣
һԵүӿ˿ģ֣ʾλá
СѾͷжʱûˣզûأ
һЩ¶ûʱ
үӺͽ㳡ʱʶģүӽж׿Ļϰ߽үӡ
ǰüĿүӣڵʦҲ֪ʦôˡ
ϣ
һүһˤڵϣĺκæȥүӡ
үӣû¶ɡ
УŤˣ㣬㡫
үŤ㳡ȥˣҲֻܻؼҡ
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ϣүЦеĿŶĺκȣ̾ʱĵ
˭˭үͱˡ
˵ʵĺͶүĺܺϵƢԸ񣬶һʣ֮
úúãϷҲͲˡ
үӺǺǵЦţһ·ϺͽκһЩûʲôӪļҳ⣬ʵϣүǸԼӵδϱ
Ѿͷֵģһϲ
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СѾͷɫ̫ҲûʲôˣסϷУ߰ɣأ
үҿûԼļӣ⼸С˶أ
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ǲǲ̫á
ҲԼ׵˼
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κȿ˿ģɫЩˡ
ȷʵѾûĩ೵ҾҵľʵЩԶ
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ΪҵĳӣŶǰҵ᷿ƹ⾭˺԰
ʱĺ԰Уĺ󱲶Ǿۼһ˵ŹѧУ飬ɣ̧ͷʱ򿴵˽ĺκȶ˵Ӱ
ͬѧκͬѧ
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ҾǶıңֲã
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ͬһѧУУѣλҲҴ˲飬Ϥĺܡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣվĺκȶˡ
˽⵽ĺκүү֮󣬶԰ʳաġ
гԵôеˡ
˵ģĶˡ
ϳԵĲֱ࣬Q˹㳡裬үӻ
һӵʳƷ
Ȼ̫ϲʳζʮʮ־µС㻹˽ĵĿ⡣
԰У˶֮⻹ĸˣӦöǶҵĺ󱲶
ؿ˿ֽԼӶϡ
ȻʶҾͲˣЩҪλ˾ͽˣ󡣡
׷ģͬѧκͬѧ齻Ҿͺˡ
Цţŵһ˫Ӧ¹⣬˿еЦΪΡ
ͬѧκͬѧλҵĵܵܣ󣬶Ͷ𡣡
ŸĻ̌ͷ˶ϵĸ׵ЦţֿʼС㡣
ȣƷúóԣ
һȥооӦÿó
ĺκȵĹעڸ㣬ѹûᶫҵļֵܡ
Ա֮󣬶˸Ŷ˿ͷһ˯˴
ȵڶϴҪ붫ͬһǰѧУЩ飬˱һ
ŽʧеӰһҹδĶүӻ߳ЦӯӯĿŶ

1507 ǰ

1507 ǰ
ôûʲôչ
үү֪˵Ľչʲô˼
˫ָһϳǵɡ
˸ӱӴ㿴һ
үϵĻǶ£ǽĻκ⣬һҵϱû˵
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үӰһ۶ܣһΪδϱ
Ȼйϵʱүү˵֮еĶǽĺκȡ
ֻ˵լ飬Լ˶ķʽȴû˵˶ǽġ
ʲô˭˵Ѿͷ˶飬ҷӡѧУˣ
ԣµûĻĵԶԶڴˣ֪ĺͽʶ
ʲôˣ׵ĺܣʮ֮ҲǺպĴڣΪĿҲΪǰʮ֮С
ҪǣѾ鵽κҷ飬Լ˵Щ
һǧҲһĵĶ֣ö棬׽Ǻηʥ
˵үүǲҪˣ֪֮
Ǹ֪꣬еϵҲԼѰҵǸ˱ضϵǳ
ҲһͻƿڣԽѰ˵Ļᣬһ֮ꡣ
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죬ȣии֪ͨƣ
һӶʮ˻ߣҽԺҽǵΪľǴжһ
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ҲˣŶõʱ䣬ôӴĶ顣
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ŽģѧУصķӡɶвٶû˳᲻ЩܳĶ顣
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һӣεУǰҪҵʱȴҽ

ҽôȻԼĿǣҲˣеиԽԽߵĶҲԽԽ࣬Ҳ˲ʲôˡ
Ҫʲôصأ㲻ܽȥ
ҽҪסģɽļ㿪
˭˭Žġ
ڸиҽʦĵĳæ˽ϳȥиѾûüͷߵ̨ԱߣԼָһѪи

1508 㣿

1508 㣿
ڽѪҺ뵽иеʱεҲи¡ĸϡ
ʱԭѾûиȻһҽŽģȴѾûϢи˹
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ղŸиµʲô
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ûʱҽʲôת뿪ңǰڵĲ
ҽԺѾԹΧɣһҲԹµģҪѰص䡣
ôԹ֣ѵ˵ڽ粻֪ô
ͷЩԹѧУسЩô
ЩԹĴ񡣡
ʱиѾתΣΪĻȥиĲһۣɸŮӤ
ǰת֪ǰѾֻسڶʮһͣǹŴฮǧ𣬻Ǹʲôı顣
иļҲ˹ŸոճŮƽµţ˿޵һԼŮһԣֹסš
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˭ҽԺ
վҽԺУ滭ŵķֲͼ΢΢üͷ
常ҽԺӦýڽլһƬ򣬺常ҽԺǨƵ˴˴
˵ҽԺʱ䣬ԼֹϵҲΪҽԺۼǿĶ顣
ԭҽԺ֮ѹһа֮
常Ǿ˫ˣȻ뵽ҽԺİ֮ѹ⡣
仰Űͱ˼
аа֮ҪõĶƣƫƫXжûĵλãɵʱиӡаǺаӡƬ󷨽ס潨ҽԺ
ҽԺ˰Ե̬ҽԺĳа
һκһسƫаһбŷ
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˵ˣǮһһ룬˰󡣡
˵
ˣ㣿
³񿴵ĵʱɫһ㣬û뵽ٴμ
ʶ
ԼѪһии漣

1509 ùĴ

1509 ùĴ
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ΪĻˣ³СĿȾӴһЩѧ֮飬Ϊһ飬³ѡѧҽ
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Ѿһ˽ԹȾ˷䣬ķֽһ塣
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СһЩ
ϰԵ˵仰ʱ򣬱ĩÿһ֮ʱĻ档
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ڽĵ׼һδһŵʱź洫һ
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˵аȫ죬һ˫īɫںڰɭ쳣ˣɼаϸƬ
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ԡѾԵĴߣ
û뵽ϵ΢粻СèлԵĴߡ
ʲôˣ㣬ټȺĿΪΣ
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ҲûֱӸ߽ټôҽԺĿʲô
ˣʲôˣ
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ӣĿ⿴ڵķӡѾʴĲˣҲ뿪֮ʱˡ
ΣӡѾʧˣҲûֹˣ
ŭһ׼ڿն𣬿ɲ֪ôģһ˲䣬һݺݵѹ
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Ȼ֮ǰ˵ħֺԼûʲôϵˣǰתӤĲ֮С
ƿ˷ӡȻѣʱʲôҲúܡ
ΪǰİȫҲΪ˲ڵ֪֮ڶ߶߶ˣԣĲԵĴƳӡ
ӽʼı߹۲ܣ궫常ڽҽԺʱ˺֣ƾǵĽĻ淢
ҲΪ궫常һ֣ý׼ȷĲ׽޸ӡ׼Ʒӡһ˲䣬ҲǷӡ¼ӹɵһ˲䡣
㣬㵽ʲôˡ
˵ˣʲô˲ҪҪҵĹ˸ոתֻأҲùıѹҽԺ档
ε̾һϵµܴ߻ԣҲһ컯ˣϵϢӦòаŻᱻӡС
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常ľһΪɵ飬ľȻɣǺεȵĲࡣ
Ȼأڳߵݾƣ˵ˣаԣߵҲǲܷõģᵼ߻ħġ
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Ҳ˵ԪױǸ𷢱۵ˡ
Ѿӡˣڱ𲽵
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û뵽˽绹ǿˣվҵ͹ǡ
ĳֵʱ򣬶߻صһȴǱ
Ѱ̧ͷȥֻҽԺ¥ԼԼɼһ𷢵ˣһԳ
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ҽԺصѾˣԴͣζһЩơ
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Уҵľţõ׼֮˽Уҡ
һüĿİ׷֮⣬жԼһ𷢱۵ˣ˱Ҳһ˫
ȷϣǰʹҽԺ¥ϵǸʹ
ϣȻӢ۱û뵽Ϸ뿪ʱ䣬СӾȻϷô˲š
ЦеĿŽģԽԽ⣬ԽҲԽԼһͰ׻ˡ
ѧУУҲаͣôҲ֮бȽϰμĴڣʮҲҪӣǰΡ
ĳֵһ˲䣬Уоʲô࣬ʵʵĲ࣬һ򲻵־޴Ĳࡣ

1510 

1510 
е
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УѧУУͬʱҲнĴУʮ嶼Ҫӣһǽʦ˳Ƴүӡ
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һѰѰͨƱ۶һͨ˷ܶ꣬οǸ߼Ʊ
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ҲʮżҵĵճҲ٣ȼɽׯȴǴδ˲ݵ˾Ǵ󸻴֮ˡ
ǰһĿʳͽĿ˱˴һۣղ׶Էʱ˿Ժжһ֣ԣ
վһԵκε̾һ
ʦ֣δҪ鷳ˡ
Ϊ˱ԼǸ⣬κȻƺ
ް˾ͺá
ЦţЦȴޱ飬˫ôӽĶ׬⼸Ĳͷѡ
ﶫȼɽׯʱ磬һʱ䣬˼ڶȼɽׯתƣӻѵûӡ

ԶˮصڶߣһľϣֻһεĿ͵ĿԶ

1511 

1511 
ϣεĿԶնǻĻ̳ļ˻ûʲô
ˮ쳹ģκվŵһˣҪȥĻҪ߹ľš
ʱ֪ʱ˵
ô
ľţߣľš
壬ҵλͬѧģκȡ
壿
ˣ˵߷ӡҽԺ˾ǶҵĶү
Ȼ綫˵һҵĶүΪӡߣľȫΪӱͨ˻Ҫ
ΪŶۺʵĸͱЩа˺ˡ
Ҳ֪ôģүڿĵʱ΢΢̧ͷһ˫ϣоȻһ˿˿
㣿
ĸִӶصĿлΪ仰˫ۣŵĿŶأȷǾ仰ǷǴӶֳһ
壬ղ˵ʲô
ڵϣһŶطǷп˵
ԴҽԺ֮Դ򶫷ʼбδ忪ڣЩĲϺɳƣܷģѲǶ忪˵ˡ
ҲصһֱԼϣкʲôϣĹâһҺԼʶһ㡣
үʶô
ŶʶԼôƶԼһ
ġ
˵֣ˣеϤ֮ԭΪԼס
Ͼʮһ͵׵Ĺ磬˵ǰʱɱ֣˵ҵҲ˵׼
үףŮġ
Ůô
Ž˵ԼǷĵŮǰֳһĻ棬û뵽ʱ侹ȻѾȥôʱ䡣
վһԵĶʼ˫ۣ㵵ĿǰһС
У⣬û뵽һֱҪȵǸ˾Ȼͬ
ҹɫ٣ɽׯ
ûп˵ĶͻȻ俪˵һϢ塣
ϵʱ򣬶峤׿µҵ˷׷˶ɽׯ
˵ܿ˵ȴڽĽ̸ƺһ
СѾͷϷһʣӡа֮󵽵׷ʲô飿
үҪ굽׷ʲô£
궫ؽаѹҽԺ棬ҺľһΪڼ仹һ飬ŵôһ㡣
Ǽֻжرֻ֪һâէ֣ʲôҲ֪ˡ
ɶүȷţһǷ֪顣
ү֮µô
ֻʳ˶үӵ⣬ʵܲүڶ߶߶ͣ
֮ô
ػŵ֣ǵãԼӡаʱ򼸺Ҫһڷӡ֮С
ʱһɫĹâ֣˳ԼǰһһŮŮӰ׷һɫĹ˳
ŮӱǷġ
Ŷ˵Ź׵飬Ҳû˵ľԼΪһԼͽ׵֡
黹ҪǣѰʮϣ羭ѣ׺͵ΪѰʮ·۷ص˶ʮһֻͣʱȴʮꡣ
ɣ׺͵ֵĵصǶطӡߵĵص㣬Ϊ׺͵ĳ֣ҲöڷӡΪؼ֮ʱһ
߲ûбӡΪɢĵȻ޴档
ʱķĲûжԶزȡʲôȴʩֻ˳ССķӡ˴ߣ˵ʮ˻ֲʱһС
ǻᣬʮĽ꣬ĳڶȼɽׯ
ɫν˼㡣
֪ǲԼĴһָоԼصʮһ׻ծˡ
վ׵µĹΪŮбҪ
үģ׼ȻЩΪŮȻҽζүġ
ô˵Ҳдȣ

ε̾һ
СѾͷôһ¶Ҷӵ굽զˣ
үӵȴŽĵĻش
ô׺͵εʱ·ҽԺɸ˶үӡߣͳһЩ˵ΪŮծˡ
ֻô˵үƶǶ
ô˵СѾͷӦӾͺá
ȥСѾͷҪʲôҪĻܿڣϷһ
ү仰ͺãһҪһЩ
ȻӦζأҪȫ׼
ʮһ͵ĿѧҽѧˣζصĻҪȡΪӵҽ
ó֣дԼҪõҩݺҽе䷢͸˶
ȻǾ仰һ¶һ¶
үӣдȵķݶϣҾһˡ
СѾͷе˰
үôҲû뵽ĻԼҪѾͷĪǵǮ治ɡ
ŶҲɣֻƶүЧҪҵˣҪǲõĻЧҲһ㣬ƾҵҽöүָΪӦò⣬ô
һôа̫̫ĸڣһԵĶүһʮֱӵĿ⿴ųûٵĽġ
ǶǲȱǮǮô
գүӴӦһƵ
Сʱ䣬Ҫ֮öػָ׳Ҳǲܵ顣
κ˫۲ԼһĻ
ģ㻹ҽ
ڸҽεĽģһ׼ݵĴ˶үúܡ
СѧϰҽȻˣȰ׼һЩҩˣԼ
һæĴκȵκȣתʼҩҩ֭һδ붫صľ֮С
վŲӿĶүȫ̵ɴ˫ۿŽģһ߾һ߸ҵ˽ʧѾõĹҽ
ƣƣǵúõѧϰҽǲѧϰƣ
үĽмʣ֮⣬ֻһ뷨ǽĸڹΪҵϱ
תͷ׿˿Լҵ⼸ӣҪӣҪģҪмҪһоһѡ
Ǽˣӽ쿪ʼʲôʲôֶΣֻҪСѾͷΪҵϱδ峤
ΪýĳΪϱүϧ׳˶峤λãΪľȺСܼ͹ľѽȢؼҡ
үүӦ֪ͬѧһˣģҪû
˵ʵѧУ֮ʱķӡ֮ʱɫ˶װŰǵӡӡ˶Ժлɢȥ
ҲΪҵϣֻҪʹһЩֶΣȻܷĵķġ

1512 β

1512 β
룬һʼôΪġ
Ů̯ϵΨж˲ϡ
ҶҲʮʮġ
ǺںͽĽӴʱ䣬һ顣
ľǺȻҳϵһκκ鶼ںûκܽУ϶˵ˡ
ñǸˣ
֪ǸʲôݣɶԽ˵һżҪʡ
ڽӴʱ䣬Ҳһ飬ͽ֮һ޷ĺ蹵ֻѣ˸һĹϵӡҲûֿܡ
Сӣûʼʧܣ㻹Ϸô
үүΪˣŽֱӸ㣬ڿ˼ҪͬѧΪҵϱȥͬѧѰǸʵʡ
󿴵ıκ˶ף֪үүнģǲϧκֶҲҪȢؽĵĿģһΪ˶ܸʮ֮׵λãҲĵϲ󱲡
Щ鲻ϲͿԵģǶҲǲɡ
Ҷһ飬ҪͽĽѺõĹϵҪǸ֡
ڴʱڴϵĶһѪ˳Ⱦ
ŵĶˣһŽĸô졣
ѹסأƶ
Ŷ
ǰݺݵѹס˶ء
˵ǰѹסصʱԭ鴤ֹĶؾȻ
Բۣôô
㱾ƣүΪɢ֮ʱܾĿգĴ֮ѹסүŵԼĿա
һ߸ʩһ˵ԼƵĽģһ¡
ƣǴ֮壿զ֪
ҪȻأֱǺǵԸҪΪһ֮廤ĻͱǶż˵Щ˺ˡ
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Ļ뿪֮ʱһ磬֮ǣܶȻҲ޷ָóһЩҩ
ҩ
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һһߣַֻһ嵥ֱﲻ⻹ҪõЩԭ
ιιιôЩҪҵ͵ԺܸܲԭͿˡ
վ˵Ʒ΢΢üͷ
ǶеĶԱһ޽⡣
˲ѩʲô˽⣬Ǻ͹Ǹʲôүôҩ
ǿɴûðǺ͹ԼƬҩҩҩġ
׼ɣǶҲǮ
֪Լ˭ƶصϣѹ˽ĵϡ
ڶصĲ飬ʼǶһ١
ǰûöһ˷ӡߵĻҲʧȥţöүô˲˹
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ȿŶүЩҪһʶүӡ
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үӣǲǻЩûң
ɶ¶Ϸ̫˵ʲô˼
үӲǺ׽˵仰ʲô˼ʲôЩû
Ҹүʱһ˿ߣˡ
ν⣿
ˣ
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ϵ⣬үƽһʱҿӦжʱˣҲүӣǲЩûң¹ضү
ĿүӵϣүЩĿ⣬ȷԼɵ顣
ѲΪǼô
үӵ˼ص˺ܾ֮ǰ
ķҪȷӡаҪһʱ䡣
ʱغͽнĺ֮Ѿеһľ硣
Ȼ϶˶һμ̳˵ĲѡҲǰɽнһ
ҲΪһԼĵһѣ١
ֻصٲˣɽǧĺ
ΪʿȻһ𣬵֮飬ǺĺͶ֮ľԽԽ
󣬶ؾȻΪǺҪ붫ѡ
һ飬ıϾɣѲԣһԲ֮ҹɱһ޹֮ˣ˶ء
ΪöػָԼǧĵдӵظ˶صҲ˵ɢɢ
֮ƺȴμ䣬Ȼ顣
֮󣬶ؽҽԺȥӡаߣҲΪΪģ
Сصйϵô
Уүƺ֪ɣôǺĵԪ籣ŶүҪȻƾɽׯǸ޷үǵġ
үôһ˵ҲԼൽطΪΡ
Ǻġ
˵ģ˶뵽ȻĵΪ˳ϧþһֶΡ
ⲻ֪һЩɽоɾǱΪıԡ
Ȼ֪ʱʲô飬ȴźĲܲɷ˵ķ壬һбԭ
ص˷УĿ˿ڴɫɷ׵Ķأε̾һ
˫ֽӡһڰ۶ٻĵԪ
С꣬һֱڶүϣǵûаöүƸΪأ赲үֻ̤ء
ĹâԽǿǹâŨҵʱֻɫĹâУһźɫȹӵβ͵ĺŮڶصߡ
ŮӰĿŶأǲۣҪָŶصʱ˫ȴ塣
Ϊǿɷһ
˵ţβ˵ϣŽĿͷ
֪ǰŮӲһˣҲȷϽȷȷʵʵھζأûг֡
ڲھζүô㣬ػô꣬ûгֵĻԪڲ֮ɢʱ˵ˣֻҲ޷롣
ĸִ֪ȥǶԶػǶԺκκý֡
ݹʷħʲôк³
ѹŵĲһ磬ǧ
ҲǾǧֻأ͵һһĿ޳
֪ҲĻЩ룬ʱ򶫷ΪλҰҡġ
ЦţҲ֪ԼôĺʲôǳΣֻܱסص岻ֺٲҲԺ顣
񡣡
̧˫Žģǿͷ
һȶСԸ

1513 е㲻

1513  е㲻
ɣҴӦ˶ҪζأȻֵġ
ĲһԵĶκȴֻܿģģӰӡ
ͷ˭˵أ
ڶүϵĺ
κ˵ҲɴӶ֮ĶԻҲԭί
ȳȥ
ͷΪɶ
ôѵһĻΪɶҪȥ
ǧβ
ǿԪ񣬿֪ǰôҲǰѵһ顣
ǣ˺Ԫ񡣡
ΪжѹŶأűȺҲ˶صһʱ֡
ðɣҾһ߿ţͷҪɶ¶ͽң
뿪˷䣬ſűߺͶҵһŷڷһС
βүζҰİ
ĵŶأβǿǴ˵еû뵽Ȼβһ
ôˬ
үӰ˶һۣǼɵĲҲ¶˶ӡ
żҵ峤ǰҪԳοһëûСӡ
Уûб˼
Ҳб˼
У˶صѧλϣһԵκǰսĵָʾҩݻһĥҽʣ붼ĥҩ֭С
Сʱʱ䣬ȫ¶룬ɾֽŶͷĺˮ
֮ľζأһΪǮһҲҪҵѰڤҹ
ֻҪٰȵǧ꣬޳һβΪλԸõɵĻ᣿
ĺűˬĿ֣һ߿ŹһߺԪ״̬β
βΪֻҪиǧ꣬Ȼٶһβ͡
ϾβǾβÿǧʱгһβͣȵ޳ɾβ֮ʱҲǷ֮ա
Žʼ£βЦЦǰͻ
ܿóҲһ°ˣӦһֻҪ϶˱ǧѵĳ嶯
βӽҲ飬һֻжðŮ˲ŻеС
Ŀ⿴ԶβͶʶĻ棬һĻһĻôۡ
Ȼʼ˶Ĳɿ
ʱΪδļ̳ѡǰɽ֮
ҲˣʱβҲβͣ뿪ɽȥѰʳ
Ϊһӣ
βȻȴδɱκ飬ԶҰӳ伢
ԼĶβȻãΪӣһһ˫˫׹֮С
ˤɽµʱββץס˶أһ
ϧ̫ʶȤˣȻźʳڽİʱ䣬βҳԵģĳʶȤ˶֡
ҲΪһһڲ֪Ա˴ĪĺøУֱǸҹ
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κæ׷Ǹҹ׷ʲô
βͷмɬ
תͷһۺκȣε̾һ
Сӱʡ
˵ҲûŮ֮£붼֪һɶɶˡ
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ҲΪԭβǰظԼصǶػָʧˣǰ顣
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βҡҡͷ˵Ϊࡣ
ʱ붫һԸֻΪǺаޱǿ˶أ֮ǰʩ˽䣬Žĺӡ
ʿϵʱֻԼѾȥĶء
ԭˣ֮أ

̾һβ˵Ž顣
βϾǧΪĺȻῴԼİ˾ôȥҶطӡаķԼΪۡ
ΪˣβǰظԼΪ
ص˵ظһȦҲձ棬١
ΪԪ״̬ڶصϣһֱڡ
βˣԼѾûжʱԺȥˣͬҲģһԼʧˣҲû˿ԻŶˡ
ڣŶһ뿪ʱ򣬽ĳˡ
Ҳǹˡ
֪ǲǺȥͱᴥƣǵõ֮ᱻɢֻ
֪Լʱ޶࣬ؾͽˡ
βû̫ܹ֧ȥԼҲ֪Լʲôʱҷʧ֮䡣
ֻǣģۿƽ£ǰѾԼ
İɣڣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ֣ʳָָصβϡ
һѪעβüһ˲䣬βƸܵһ޷ݵǿɢԭģҲ
ȥһ֮˸Ϊȥڶܲ㣬Ҫǵ컯ˡ
˼ǡ
βŵĿŽģѵ˵Ϊô
ȥѪҺ֮еʧҿɾҲﲻˡ
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һΣβ˵ϣŽĲסĿͷԼеĸм֮顣
ವһһɫĹâʧڽǰβ뿪˶ҡ
ŵȻҲһ⡣
үӣӦҲˣβΪ˶ô飬ӦôүӦ˰ɡ
СѾͷģǶҲǾ֮ˣȻ鶼ᣬȻֲһС
үôԭöҲǷµծ
һϵʱ䣬ĶڷΪƣ֪ڶ峿뿪䡣

Ĵ˸Ƿö۾ˡ
ȥ˯һˣûаˡŸСʱүҲѡ
صУĵڴ˯
˯Уһ˫ѪɫŭŽģŨҵĳ֮⡣
˫ѪɫӺڿʲôޱȡ
ǣС꣬ȰùԹԵſţҪȻһ֪ʲô
ɣɫββеаҲԪס
ңβĶһֱڶȼɽׯǻҪŶɽׯиɱ˶ء
ţƳӡ֮գҪܡ
𣿡
΢΢üͷôʲô˶ԳƱ
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ʱһ󼱴ٵ𣬶һĴŽĵķš
֮ĽŷѾˣֻҲʮϢ
ͷүˣֻе
ˣ֮ͱúǲһͲ˵һɫࡣ

1514 ڤҪ

1514 ڤҪ
ûϴ˶صķ䣬µһ֮󣬲֮
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үӲĿŽģôСһͺͿľżһɫҲҪ
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ʲôǲڣ
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һ뿪Ǿͺûʲô
ô죡
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һ۶үӣһӣʾ˵һߣߡ
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κҡҡͷκӰӣһۼûС
ǶκȣǶүӶκӰӣĵں˭˵
Ҳϲظڶ顣
İŷһӣһԺС
ʱ۹֮£һֳΡ
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֮иƨҷѾľˣһѾʹˣҲҪô
ǰһ۹ʹߣֱ㽫صץ˻
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ʹʮֳóƽ壬ƽҪ˼ƽ廹ҪȽ
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绰һ˵ڤػ³һŽĵ
Ҫ˵ĻɣģĽİݺ;ֻȥǽ鿴һЩѣغĻԣкүӲһǰС
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Ŀ⿴˿ԼүӣҺ˶Һͽ֮ĹϵǲȡǿӲ̬ȣƵڶ춫Ҿͻɢˡ
ڤأӦ֪ɶԸˣҵ֮Ұڤҹһ˵ڤӻᰲô
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ģ˰ڤҹڡ
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˫һƬʹûվڽǰڤҹñɭɭ䡣
Ϊתƻ⣬ڤεĿʾ
ǸʲôİҰѶص㣬ǵǷһ鰡
ڤ˶ӵ٣ڶػ᲻еõǾҪԼ컯ˡ
ڤҹ
˵ɶźŲã˵ʲô
ڤæҶ˵绰վһԵĹʹ߼״ವһҲʧκηӳĻᡣ
ʱڤ磡
ڤſˮҷû©졣
ڤˣͲ½ڤô
û¶ĺԼýİݽڤҹŮ֮鲻ɽκɣ˵ˡ
뵽ڤذš
ʮһ͵ϵ£ǱҪ£ǾԲڤġ
ڤظԼͷĲڤԼڤҹ䡣
Ҫ׼һĺڤҹ֮ѾͷС۵ļǳڤҪһȷѪˡ

ڤˣְڣ
ӽ쿪ʼûбҪһжŴ˵ȥȼˣҪ飬˭Ͳ
ڤظԼź·½ĺڤҹ֮Σȫľٶ
ڤˡڰɣ
ʲôǲ˽ڤҹͽĵӣʮּǳиڣ
Ϲʱ飬ڻ۵ҪÿʱͷҲۡ

˵ᣡ
һߣĽص棬ɫҲָɫ

1515 ֮

1515 ֮
صĲѾȶˣڤΪ˶סĵ죬ָӵ
ʱ䣬Ķκ˶ڶɽׯкԺ֮ʲôóʲôʲôʲôνǽݳ޷ӵ˼¡
ۿСѾβдһϵеҩ˶үӣǧɷôһζҩɶһҩ
үӱ˵š
ǡһԶôһЩΣ
ֶӡ

Ŷүӵ˵ı飬΢΢üͷЩεĿǡ
ֶҲǺصĺô
ʱмһ飬ҪöүմȾκа֮ٹʱͿȬˡ
һУĶκ˳뿪˶ȼɽׯţСԺʻȥ
ŽʧеӰүӺǹĳŽ
˿һ˶һֻʮˡģŮ񣬼ֱǳ衣
ɶ˶ףĲѰˡ
󣬶öеȥѰǸڤҹˡ
ǣүү
ա
ϿΣһסһʦĽ⡣
Ҳ֪ǲΪǰʱǲϰԭȻһ
ҲһС֣󲿷ֻʲô˼
òװϢģκʳá
ɣ˶ŵǱ꼶ѧãҲϴ俼ʱ򣬽ĵĶ֡
ֻõıƺǻţʲôΣһ㣬ȫֹסķɫ಻
ҲѧУЦΪѧϰòѧУǰĴڡ
ѧ㣬ô
κߣøǻŵɫĵѯš
ʱƺץסʲôһ㣬ץסκȵ䣬һ˫ӻ˫۶ǿ־ɫ
ȾңҲȾң
û˵һ˹ȥ
ѧ㣡æ
ˣ
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УҽεĽó˲ɾ¸ʹ̣ջ˹ȥ
վһԵĽĿ˿κȣǿץסκȵʱ˵һ
ȾңҲȾң
˵ĻɲǳԴ˶ô򵥡
ѧļҲʮ֮⣬Ȼ붫һʮ֮ףҵŮӶһòǻۡ
ʮ֮и˾УұŮȢҵŮӣǽһҫ顣
һ֪ͨһɣ
Ͼҵ飬ֻزʣµĻǽҵ峤ˡ
峤˸绰̬ǽһ
˵ľ֮󣬶Է֪˵˱Сʱ֮˽á
㲻첻µزôô峤˵ʱ̬ǽһСģ
ĺκʲôˣֱǺǵԸ˭ղŸ峤绰ʱ̬Ƚһǫ͹޲ðôѧϰľȫϡ
εĿһ۽κȣ֪Լɶ취
Сô
˵Ҳ֣үҶûô£ÿÿ峤ʱҾ;ȫڣȫëը𣬱ɭɭ䡣
Լݳĸоżʱ飬Ϊء
Ҳ֪ôˣһ;ú£Ǵĵ׵Ŀ־塢
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Ŀһ۶ȤЦš
Сʱ֮ˡ
ʱҲ˹һҵ˺Ʒһץסκȵֱ۲š
ҪǴңҪңң
˼ǼҴСЩңλСͬѧ鷳ˣ
ҵǿнôˣ˼õİ
Žʧеãκűץ˵ֱۣ֪ôﾹȻֳһʮֹĸо
ģôúܺҵˣ
֪
ҡҡͷ¶óǣʼ硣
Щ˵ϲаϢѲɺõĿ־йϵô
Ϸѧʱ򣬻ȽĶκ뿪ѧУͱУſڵĶ˳
Ľγһ·ǰXĲһӾµĲȣȴûʲôθڡ
ȻӵҲһЩ͵ڣԼһЩ͵Ǿûʲôθڡ
ʦ֣ɶ¶ôǻȥء
дؼۣϲԵĴ㣬ī÷ԸؼС
ȻҪŻҵʦá
ӻóһƬƬϵӰģĺܣһɫɢɢֻһҲͱӰһģ
ƬڹĵģǶҵ˵XʱǸѾ뿪
߽ģƬϵ˺пܾҪѰҵˡ
ǻǾ仰ȵҵ˵XʱƬϵѾ뿪֪Ӱ
ʦ÷ģһ᲻ѰҴˡ
Ӷ󿪿˵ʱ򣬽ĵĿƬϣƬϵڤҹֻһ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڵ֪ڤҹܹȻ֮ʱһŵǵ
лʦ֡
ʦˣǶҵ顣
Ҫͽϵ˱ΪҪһڡ
ʦֽӦòֻΪɡ
ĽƬ̫Ǹʲôĺ֮꣬һĿġ
罪尺Ҳ˵˽ҽ˵ĵڶĿġ
ʦÿ֪ʲô󷨡
һóһƬƬһѪҺɵ󷨣ʮֵаš
ӡƬϵͼ΢΢üͷ
ʦǴʲôطӡ
ҡ
ʮڵң
Ŷ󣬿Ϊǲʮҡ
˵ͷҸ֪ͼƬϷԼҵĹϵ
ԭ󷨺ܾǰʹҡ
һֱⱣܡ
ֱʮǰ¶ʱҼл
ǣû뵽ʮȻ¿ӡа׼
Ŷ˵飬ҲΪ˿־壬ץסκȵֲš
ԭˣ
ƬϵȻܸҴǿҪȼ۽
ÿһĵһʮʱ򣬾ҪɼƷ׼ֲֶ̡֮֮
а
ǧ֣ħʬеõǣһУ
һа˴ߣҲ˵ö֮Ĵڡ
ң˴˵аŵķ޹ҳӳŮ׼˲֪Ĵߣȡ΢Ȩʮеĵλ

1516 Ǵү

1516  Ǵү
ԣʦǽˣ
ţǶ𣬵³֮µǮ
һʾֻŶʾ֣΢΢üͷ
ն࣬ʦһ
Ǻǣʦ˵ЦˣһʦʦҲǮˡ
Ǹںĵʹ˫Цǽһթ
ðɣȻǮˣǱϾʮңʱϣʦһͬǰźá
ʦ÷ģʦֻСԺǰǣʱһȥҡ
뿪ѾһСʱ֮ˣȫûʲôڼҸһ͵꣬һЩը֣˳Եǽһ
ͷ㲻ĴȥҰɡ
Ǯˡ
ĺһڱ֣һıҸúܣ֪ڤҹȻ֮ǳһ
ңǸͼҲҸȤʱӦò󷨡
ǽҪȥҵҪһԭǮȻǸöǷӡʵýĸе档
ʮһϵµ磬ΪλָǿķͼڣʲôĴϵ

ʲôXеĻӦܹĳǰ
Ҳֻеȥҿ֪
ͷʵҾöҲûпȥôƣΪʮеִߣĿĲ
ʮ壬Ȼʮ֮ǣ
ʮеִߣżලʮãʮ岻ƽ߳ʲô飬ұȡǿӲֶθԤС
Сʱ;飬żҵ߻ħɱˣҵ˳֣ǿд壬Դ֮ҲûпӰӡ
żҲ׷öżȴ顣
ĶҲԽĲıʲôõ顣
ģ붯ңһû¡
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ա
һĿγ̿ĺܣκȵı֮£Ķ˲ò˯Ρ
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ʻϵǶ󣬿˿ˣʾϳǰҡ
Ҷ
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κȺͽںϣɫܳǰҡ
ȵѾʱѾǺҹ֪ǲСʱӰոյҺլǰ̲סĴ˸
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ֺɫϢǶϢа֮ǵĲۻ࣬˷ģֹסķ
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ʦ֣һǷʲôĻȾͽˡ
ͱͷʦˣͷģȽұš
һκߣٵ񽻸ˡ
κɫߺţһ۶ͷ
ɣͺúõػȣһܻᷢһЩֲĻ棬е̫ˡ
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ܼ֮ǰͣ˽Ųһ۶ƺʲô˵ֲ˵ڡ
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ܼһ仰Ҳе˼ڸǣҵ˶ۼں԰С
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ʮңΪ˻ȡϧԼŮ׼
ҡҡͷһ֮УеЦҪôĮжôĮ
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Щ˸ǶĵĶ֣ο࣬Ϊɨߵϰ
󡭡ô⡣
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һ峤óֻҪͳζҵɨ֮ˣֻûźš
󣬱ΪǶҵ˳ֱ峤ͻǣȵɣʮλþҪߵҽΪʮ֣֮Ƕҽᱻ̤֮С
˵˵ȥΪȨԼͷ׵ҲҪΪʮ۷Ĵڡ
ɱһ
Ѿ˷ħ״̬ǲκ˴˼ʽ
ҵһӵϣеħѾռԵֻһĿģɱ˶ͽĵˡ

ε̾һһӣƿ˳ǰˣߡ
ѧ㣬£
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĽ⿪ֽϵļ
Сģͷ
ڴʱһ˫ѪֺȻ䳯Žץ˹ȥʱѪɫԲ´Źâ˶ѪɫӰ֮С
ô¶
ĿΧİһУǲӦôʲôطǸ
Բۣ
ͷʱ򣬿һ˫һ˫ѪɫõĴֽץһһߵʬ˳
ǾĻ棬ûţԽԽϳأ˺ʲôһ

1517 

1517 
ͷ
һ߽кһ߷ţѪԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽء
һֻоϻʹ漴ǰһڡ
һλָ֮ʱǰʲôѪֻ֣صҵĺ԰
ȣ㣡
ôˣ
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࡫
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ʱ㿴˶Ҫ³ǧһ֮ʣס˶þֹûʬС
ôһ˵еϵһӣ˫ֽκȱڻС
лȽ֮ˣӽ쿪ʼҶȽˡ
ɿſң
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ӽĿ仰ʱһ˫סˣ˵ϡ
ԼǰŮӵʵ࣬ףԼʲôٶضøǵ³
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Σʮһ͵̫ͣΪΪΪŻɱԭа񣬴аλãҺԼõ
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Ҹɽȥɣס׼ںˣñ֪ٴĻСǧС
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ֱˣһʹͷйأҪȻͷԲ©ı飬飬ڨЦΣ
զ˵أ
ε̾һĺκȶ˵Լɭʱ顣
˵׽٣Ǳĩ߸˶ɽ֮ʱ׽٣ЩǻһҲΪ飬Ӷ˲Ǯ
ҲΪ׽ٵ͵˶ʮһͣ˲ŻǷһС
ŶԭˣȻʦйϵʣµӶʦֱ㲻ٸˣΪ⳥ת͸á

֪ʱڽγԱߵĶ˽˵һУҺʱĸ֪ģʣһδǮתˡ
Σ᲻ǮİŷŶϺꡣ
ô˵ҵҲµģΪйԼµҪԴҲû˵ʲô˫ֶżĹĵĿ⡣
صСԺʱѾǺҹصˤųʧڶС
ʦ֣Ƚȥˡ
á
׼źúóһ٣ˣĻ˯ϴ˰ֱӵڴϡ
ա
ѧУ󣬾ͿñŰܼ˳ϳ֮ǰóŽľһ

1518 Ȼұȣ

1518 Ȼұȣ
ҵһ⡣
ΪǾ仰й
ɭµʮһͽ˹
УĿŴ⣬˵ѾʮгܼҲ뿪XС
ҲãʮĹ⻷Ȼƽǻİȡ

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ϢֻһλãҵַдĲǺŵַ΢΢üͷ
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š
ͽ뿪˽ѧ¥ɶκȳҽģĸһ뿪ѧУ˶ҡ
үӶ׿ǰĸӵʱ򣬾֪ǵĿʲôˡ
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үƺ֪ȥʲôһǷǳյ顣
үӣ֪Ҫȥʲô
ţǰЩSеĽһĹĹɭ֮Уб鲼Ÿָ飡
үӺͽĵ˵˽ǰе飬ĿıǹĹԼĹδ֪
ǹĹǹ죬ʮѾ˲ǰȥ޻ء
ǰŽҲĹвӰҲΣա
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ûпǶʱ͵ģ֪ԼҪԵΣգԾַ
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ĹѨǶˣһΪ˲˽ĹѨǷֹĹѨеĶ뿪
ĹѨ֮ʲôҲֻжԼ˽⡣
ĹѨ֮ĸŷ֣ĹѨȺͶүӿݵĹȫһ
үүǲǼǴˣ
ĹѨĹͼͼĹѨĽṹյͼ˵ӦĹѨС
ң󲿷ֵĹѨˡ
ڽĵӡ֮УĹѨ֮󣬻һõ֮лĻڵˡ
ǽĹѨ֮񲻵ӵʱ䣬ǰһƬ
Сģ
³ǰһĻ˭Ҳ֪ô¶ҪСġ
š
ĸˣĺͶǰκȸڶ󣬽ĹѨİСʱĸԾƬڰĿռߣûоͷ
ô¶ǽ
ûܰ
ǹǽĻĸӦöġ
ȣôˣ
ֹסķеĲŨҡ
֪ΪʲôҺ
κȿܣԺǸֳһĻĻİĻ档
ǻ֮Уһվŵǰʱȴһѽ̴Լš
ȻѪĻ渡ǰ֮ıһƬֹĺɫ
κԺеĻ棬ָ֣صκȵĶ䡣
ɣڣû¶ģ
ǽĵĻ˰ΣЧκȻ³Լ飬ɻǲ˿־壬һ˫۾ڶԼһʱػ֣Ὣ뵽ڰ֮С
ĸƬڰǰһСʱԾûҵκ뿪Ļء
ûпܣǼĹѨʼ̤֮С
޿ܡ
˵仰ֻڰΣˣñУӦ
ʲôаȻԽ
ݵһһɫĻ渡ڰ֮Уƺָ˵ĵ·һ
£ɫֵʱʮֹ죬ҲΨһ
˻࿴˶ԷһۣǺɫĻǰС
˵Ҳ֣ӵʱ䣬ĸںɫָ£Ȼ뿪ֹĺɫԨ
֮ʣĸ˰˫ӦŴ۵Ĺâ
ʲôط
һƬڰ֮УǰһƬɫ
ɫɫ໥ӦԵôĶ
ǿô
ָŲԶӰ죬κȴһŴ˵ŮװͷϣŸ־Ʒׯʥվɽۡ
ɽ֮еκƺڵʲôһ㣬߻һͷɫСʨӣʨȫëͨ죬ҫ֮··˻һ
ŮӵĿǿԶճյؿԶ
ڴʱ۵ɽߵŮԣŮӵڻС
ҲˣȻұȣ
ɵǰӰ죬ǺܾǰĻ棬һĻ档
İ˶һתĻ档
ŮӸŵ˻ʹΪ˻ʹеļ룬һ׸˵
ÿ֮ʱΪŮӶԼΪۣսʤ͵ƽ

1519 л

1519 л
ΪˣգŮֻʣ
ŮҪ͵ദ
˭֪֪Ů޷ռ֮󣬵ȻеŮ乬֮С
ŮӣҲŮӵĽ͡
ڣһμ֮ϣμ֮ǰŮǰ֪һһС
Ůӿŵ֪ɼҲ֪Լˣӭײ˵еĳϡ
У
һĻ޲óǰȥǵǡ
޵Ļֻǻ棬ɶҲƽеŭ
棬תţһֱŮߵʨӽŮӵʬɽУҽ
֪Լ˵ĵɽϣŮӵĵεΣʵɽһۿʼͰŮӡ
ֻǵҵĽɽԶһУѾϰȨ֮Լġ
һսҼ֮С
ǰҪڳŮӵʬԼᣬʩѪ䣬к˸ҴŶ˳棬ػܵѪ䡣
ɣĹѨǵǵĹ
ȣĪŮ˾ת
ûֿԣеŮ˾źһģһգһ;ûڡ
ҡң
ʱһ΢ĺ˳һ˹ȥ
Զһ˱ɫ֮еɣۿֻʣһԴĺͶһһҽ˳
ǶҵˣһЩ֮˵ǽ붼ĹѨ֮顣
ɽŶһ˽ĹѨǽĹѨ֮ǻѪȿֲ֮⡣
ֵǣĹѨĴŲ֪ʱѾرˣ̤ĹѨڲ˭֪ڲħʮ˶ֻʣ¹ͷ
ƴ룬ҲᱻħɣɾʱǱʲôһ˱֮£ˡ
˵ĹѨ롣
ţûбħ˵ĻүĹѨ룡
˿е֪ǰĹķ˲ڵһӵʱ䣬ѰָķǰС
ȻһСʱ֮ĹѨ룬ֻ˱һصʯסȥ·
СģħϢ
ſеħ֮ʾͶͬʱʯߵĻء
¡¡
Żһ̣һѪȵĻ渡ǰǲȱȫʬ塣
ڻ̫Ѫȣκת
ȡ
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ǾĻ棬ֱθĶȫ˳һЩ
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ʯ֮һ޴Ĺңǽһ˽
ڹϷ屻һֻ޴ĳڣֻʣһ
˽ĵ建˫ۣ߲Ǳǽĵʱ³һ
óŵˣСĺ档
ѽΣգһһӰڽĵзĳۿžҪࡣ
ǧһ֮ʣĻһӣнһħа䡣
ֻһѣħ޷
ϡû뵽׵ô飡
Σǰ£ʹ
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˵ħһںɫѪĿⲻŵĿŽģƺҪһƵġ
㣬Ǻˡ
ûħ⣬˱Ľ
壬˵ͦµġ
ʱ㻹ȡЦ壿
һĨεЦ⸡ڴǣĿ⿴ģͬҲڵطħһη
ڣħһ˵ԪҲҪķһˡ
壬ȱ𶯣ľǿнժĻ˼Ϊ
СĽϵ˿һĴӺϰ뿪ÿÿ鶯һ˿ʱ˺ѷεʹ鲼ȫ
򿪣
ħ򿪣Ը
ʱ˿̵ħҲӣҲߣ⿪˳롣
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ȻѾ֫ʬ޷ƴ
壬ôֵͼħץ
ڽУǰֻħµħΪݣں˵УĿΪµħȴǳһͷ
ħҪ׵׵ϵΪͺ͵ЩԸɾʬһҲ̶á
ιС֣ڸѡ񣬵һ뿪⣬ڶǴ֮ҳ·뿪
ĹѨʮֹ죬̤ĹѨʼȾͲԾ
κεĲ⡣
ĸħѡħɵӣȻѡһɲǧһɥ
ɣʴɴӺδ
ҪܣϽ·ҪǳһĲͱҰԭΡ
ǣ룡
ħɵӣôõȻʲôࡣ
ǰŮȻûʲôɲ֪ɸղһȴЩԼôһĲˡ
ħǰ·ģκȶͽԼҵļ˸ں档
壬ĹѨ֮еʲôֵǺķӴϧҲҪĹѨ
ڤ顣
Ҳģ֮ĹѨĿľΪڤ顣
˵֮УûһǧŻһڤ飬ֻҪõڤ˱еõϵĹ
ôаô
ôһ˵ҲЩ棬ϵ׵µĶʮһֻͣҪõڤܵõɣļٵģ
λѾĹѨľͷ
ħϥȫûǰ׺ģ
ܺãõı֣ҾͲɱˣ߰ɣ
лɣ
ħһʧ˵С
ĸ˽ĹѨʱֻ˼ӵһγǰ˳õ뿪ĹѨȻ֪Ѿǵڶˡ
һSнһҷԷϣκʱʱĻعͷƺʲôٸԼһ
ȣôˣ
Ĳκȵѯǲǲ
κҡҡͷҲ֪ʲôԼĸо
ĹѨпһĻϻصǰɣǻеŮ˾
ü΢΢κȵĿһο棬Ȼ䣬ÿһɫӰӳʧٶȿĳ棬κȱ˫һʱȴʲôҲûп
ѵ˵Լ̫ˣڳֻþô
SлصXѾǵڶˣͺصСԺ
廹ûлָСԺҲֻǿһۣŷĻصԼС
СԺУκϴ裬ͽڴпڡ
Ĳ˵ʱһϷļԽԽˡ
ϷϣĲٿŽɫ˶ԷĽʿԷŭˣĻϲϵô˽ʹҵȵȵĴ

1520 ֮

1520  ֮
ʲôң
ʽףʲô˼
û¶ͷЩ˾һȺԱ˳ŵû¶ɵģר¶ˡ
ԼվӣıվӵĳԱ֮һ
ĻϻϵֳԷԻĴ

ʱԡдκȵһСԺ
ʼһֵĶæе꣬һԡҳ˹ȥ
ȣţȣ
ôԡҵĴţԡҴŹصģȵĽԾɻصڶ˶ߡ
ţ
һݺݵһŴԡϣľűߵϡãнԡңһ˲䣬Ӱʧԡ֮Уֻ±ſ˵κȡ
ȣ£ңģ
ؽκӵڻУֵ
֮κſǰǽģһ˵˽Ļп
ģ˭˭ҴŲŪ㣬ӹ
ŭˣȻ˴ǵСԺԡ֮С
ɶҽСԺ˸飬˵Ӱ
˶ߣ˴ĻһȸӦͰұˣûҵСԺˡ
һʱ䣬ĶκȵߣʱҲкһ˫۾עˣ׼ʱһ

أͷ
һ϶û˯ְκȵķǰֻҪһ֣׼Դ
ȥӡԼѪֽϻŷ䡣
֪ˣͷ
ûӡʲô˼ҲûΪҪʲô֪һжΪȡ
ֻҪΪκȣһжҪȥɡ
Ŵ˯ʮֲֵκȣһóֻ㿪˶дһЩöٶȼҪĶСԺ
һСʱ֮󣬶ӳСԺУһ˯δǵûֻϿд˼Ӽ֣Ϊʲô¶
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ʦ֣ô
ԼѪӡЩʧѪĹϵɫ԰׵ˣҪǶʶȻὫֽˡ
ʦˣ
ԼѪʱһ磬˯еκȣв֪᲻һֱá
ϾԼѪ֪еħ֣һʲôƷҲ˵׼
˵öһҪõĶԷʱ֮衣
Уɫ԰ףǴС˵˯£ĽһЩֵֹĶƴһ
ʦ֣һ˯²ģ
ˣڴȤŶ
û뵽Ͽôׯأȷʵ˺ͯ档
˶һۣ˿һѪɵӡŶڲסֵĻһΪʧѪӢš
ɣ
öĲһЩ塣
ȻЩ岢һķ壬ܹ֪쳣ķ塣
СԺΧص˶УȻһо罪һ
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ΪжһӹĹлˣ
ʲô
ɴ۾ĿŽģƺҪýȷԼ˵Ļһ
˵ģӹĹ߳һߣлнͽ̬˼Ĵߡ
жӹĹиκ뿪ĻǲӦø֪
֮ⶫȻص˼УǵһȫܲöĴڡ
㻹ǵĹѨпĻô
ŶͶ󣬺úûһµʱĻ档
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Ҽǵ˵һԽ˵һֻҪ֮֮𣬶޷õ
ɶ˼
׽˵Щ˼ֻ֪һ飬ڵۣûа취׵Ľ飬Ǹ
֣˶ļϡ
廹ϵˣǰ򣬽ĹҲֻʦÿԽ⿪޷롣
ȻҪĸҲ˽Ļе˼
Ⱥǵ֮飬ҪĻֻӣҪôԼԽҪôǵԸ֡
Ȼܣǵѡ˷֣ҲӹĹ֮ȻصСԺ
ǵСԺ֮ǻΧԽ쳹ǰǵǱⲻý롣
ѵ˵ֻܿô
ֻܿţ
³һεҡҡͷĵıǱȵİȫֺļҲʲô
綫˵廹ϵˣǰҪ⿪ֻ֮еȺִǧĵꡣ
գһϣһȦѧ
ʱҾסСԺˣʡʦʲôҪһҪӶܹ
Уô࣬ԼһˣҪ㣬Ǽҿɲǿõġ
Ž仰
ǱŷҪûظõǮ
һʱ䣬Ͽεʱڿ˯һᣬҲΪˣĺͶ˱θϵⷣվ
ͷȥҲǸ¶㿴Ƚ״̬ɾܰȥҲа
ǰ
˵ûûٰȥˣȾڡ
ͷ˵⼸ʳʳ֮ʱǻ֮ʣܲܳʱץסǸꣿ
ȷʳ
Ŷұ֤Լ˵仰Ŀô
Ȼˣ㿴Ŷ˵˰
óֻֻϹʳ˳Ŀ˿
ʱ֮󣬽һʳۿɼ
ʳô
˫΢΢üͷĿʳλᣬȻһ򾡡
ʳʱ䣬棬˼ܺۡ
ʱ棬ĶͶһһҹΪľԷʲô⡣
ڣʱ滹ǰȫʱȻоѡ
ڵʳһ죬㿴ҿ㣬ű˴˵ĺȦ
һԵʱ䶼ʲô飬Ҳ֪ʲôӡ
ȣ£һ᲻ܷʲô鶼Ҫ
ȣڣҿУ԰Ψһүǣأ
ءӱ֤ԼԲǸʲôӵĵκġ
ã
һĨЦ⸡ڴϣκȿˣ޵л

1521 ֪

1521 ֪
ʳۡ
ڹŴʱʳᱻΪףҲ칷ʳ¡
һ죬ǻ費ϵôͼ͵칷
ſƼĽ𽥵ʳγɡ
ǣʳһдŲͬԢ⡣
ÿʱ㣬ᷢѧɽ͵
СԺУ˫ֶżһ˫ΧŹһ˿һķ紵ݶ
ҲŰӣضܡ
ʦãǵĻô
ڣ˶˽Ϊλκ뿪ĹѨ
ֻΪ˵ʳһ콫κȵô
ᣬָо
ĺǿ϶ĴŶ
ڴʱһֵĹâǰǹâֵʱСԺ֮еķ嶣죬ͬʱʳҲʼˡ
ڣ޷ݵĺڰ˸ŹâĵطҲǱŨīĺڰһ㣬ûκ¶ȡ
ȻҴȵע⣬
ǵâʱеİӳȥڷĴУΧɢŵǶѪɵӡԼİڳķ
ǣ֪ӡЧüǵ겢½ĵķ󣬳κǰ
ǰ˲˹۵ʬ壬κȱܵĿ־ţջסԼҪе
ǿеѹĵĻңκ̧ͷĿʬ塣
˿̵ĽĶͶ˱Ļ֪ǵĵɽ֮ʡ
ߡ
꿪˿ڣҪץסκȡ
һ˫նӿǰŮӣһһЦǰһ
ߵκǰǰŮӣ֣괩κȵ塣
ߣȥظô
κЦţЦûǰµĶԹеֻİ˶İ˵⡣
֪Ů˾תҲ֪ΪĲεҵҲҵʬǻɻҽɢߡ
ĹѨУһĻĻ渡ǰʱκҲԺгֵļǰµһĻĻͬҲڻпһĻ
󣬽ڳǰʬ壬ңһʽö˵ʬǺһ𣬼ԼתҲҵ
ҵΣ
£
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Һο㻹ǵܰ
κЦĺᣬһִڵκǻеŮ˾
ʱԺеĽҲ˻ص׼Ŷʱ򣬽ĺͶͬʱֹ֣˶
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԰꣬㿴Ǹ˵˭
ָκȣʱ˿ɳϵŮ˲κȣǰŮ˾
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һǰκȽıڻС
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Ϊѧ᳤ĶҲʲôˣֱſڴ˯
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ǰκһӵζȣһơƾˡ
⼸лλ˵ľ֮ҪǣͱǸ˴ˡ
˵ɶأ¶ǵ¶ôɶ
ٺٵɵЦţһһơơ
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ĻǵһκơƣǺϰζ
һ۽ģó׼õİ׾ơ
úȣΣ
Ľӹ˰׾ƿӣζһ
öôó
Ȱ׾ƣ
ơƵʱֻ˳һƿ׾ƣû뵽нĵ»
СңҿǺųǧϣ
ζƼټĺѣĸƱյһصơƹӰ׾ƿӣǶȶ˹ϵжҵ˼ƿкõİ׾ƣͽĶơ
ĻȾôȻȣȶ¶
뵱ڵ飬뵱ɭ緢顣
Ȼͬȶ˵Ķ󣬶κѹ֪ĺ˵ĺжôأΪҲȶˡ
ߣȥ׽
ͷϣСҵ󣡡
ģ㣬Ҹˣ
ʦȵңʦҲȥ׽
ĸǣּ粢ż磬ڴ·ﵹбĺֱײҪǶҵȫ̸ţ롣
ߣȥңǿʲôǮ

1522 ȶ˵ĸ

1522 ȶ˵ĸ
ȶ˵ĶŽ˳ļֱҡ
ʱѾǺҹ˾ֲΥҴүֻÿųĸǰլ
˶լ֮󣬶ǰģκ˸
һ߿һţ˯Ķүŵಡˡ
棬Ҹ¡صĽһǶĴУҲʮĿӶ׿ҶүүҹƸ

˵ڴܵŵĶүӶˣ˿ͻȻԼǰĸСӣŨľŻ׵üë
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˭С˵أʦҪС˵Ļϲ˵ˡ
Цţƺ˼Ƭ֮󣬵˵ͷŶүӵĻ
үү㲻ô˵ҪС˵Ļ˵أ
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˺ˣȥһ䣡
ĸ˺ƺƵ뿪˶үӵķ䣬˶׵ķ䡣
ǶĸףԼķһЩ飬ҪգͿԼĶӴ߿š
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ȱ˵̫磬԰ǶѣûдӦ顣
ô᲻֪ǵʲôֻǵҪǶѣʲôУ飬һŲ

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ΪҵĳӣвĶļ̳ˣнţֹ⻷ٵĶ޷Ϣ

1523 У

1523 У
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Ƕ󣬾ҲĿ⡢

1524 ô¶

1524  ô¶
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ԴӶȥСԺסʱ䣬ϸ˽γĸͽѧУصңһȥĵطԾ÷ĳС

1525 

1525  
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κҪĶ۷سȥ򣬶󲻷ŮҲһȥлصСԺ
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Ƕǵ͵ѪҿѪĻ壬µѪȫһӵΪ߹Ѫͳ
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ü׵Ļ߶κȹڲͬĴڡ

1526 ʹ

1526 ʹ
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ңһĶħǵħ֮һǿʹѾˣûκսֿܵħǵĽ
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Ϊ˲ǲҪ鷳˸Ͻ뿪˽صСԺʱѾǰˡ
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˭ǼһǮ
󣬽ģκȺͶĸ˭Ҳû˵Ŀǿŵ
ɶѪʹǵжԣ
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صĻҪ˶
˵ˣʹԼͶħܴˣֲɡ
ȥǮ˷С
ʹһŷڲϱ۾ɫڵϡ
Ӧˣ߰ɣ
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磬ֵĻҴүүҵûдأֳô
ʹҡҡͷһίı鶼ˣӴʵҪߵʱеˮžôҪôĿжôĿ

1527 С

1527  С
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Ŀڽĺʹ˵ǻߡ
ʱ˿̵ĻôôһŮεҪ
Ůת⣡
ҲֶԲȣǰĻĺܹ졣
ʱסԺѻˣһĻҽԺҽ
ûʲô󰭡
ҽ仰ʱ򣬽ĺκһ
Ǿ˵ôΪʹҪûиղ壬ôԵʹĸ֡
ǣ
ǣɶҽ˵ô
շµҽ˵Ļһ˲ࡣ
ʧ䣿Ӿ綼ôݣôʧˣ˵ˣʧʧ䣬ΪʲôһҪȥ
ȻأҽԺôҽԺԺѾˣϽԺɣ
˵һ仰ҽת뿪
ʼ磬ʾԼ޹ġ
ҽҰĳԺ޹أ
ʹץŽĵֲţӣĲʹСԺĻֻסҽԺˡ
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ε̾һǣʹ뿪ҽԺϳСԺʻȥ
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صСԺʱѾºҹˣĺ˵˵ƭв˵ԼԲʹ֮ʹɿ֣ԹԵɳϣЦĿŽġ
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ʹʡȥ˳򣬿ʥϢõоʮܣһû˯
һǮ˽ǰһǿԼҪס䣡
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ҪǷǰһȭʹιȥˣɿһ޹ݣҲֻ
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ѪǲĻӦһͳħԶ죬Ǻ˵Ѫѱ䲢ʧӰ١
ʹһνħͳ죬յϢ˵ħҲXУʹս˫Ǻܸ䲻
û뵽û뵽ʹѪȻСԺС
ſˮϻûдӴ˵𾪵Ϣлع
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ȡһ£
ת뿪ʱУס˶̬ʮֽеĽһЩ顣
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ݵʱ򣬶󣬶κȺͽĸʳóԷֻ
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ƵĿʹվǰһϵĺˮϵ
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ţҪĵĻʹ򿪵ӿӡ
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ʹĵ֮˵һһ̧ӲŶͷϵĺˮܽԺеŽġ
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ͷˣڴʹ۾һۿ㣬ҪǿȵĻһšĲӣ
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㣬û뵽Ʒֻ治١
ҲУ˳һ䣬û뵽ʹѪľסСԺС
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˺ܶ࣬һյϢڤWУұҪǰ
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Ŀź壬ʲôҪ˵ô
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ģҵ֮٣Ǻ㣬Ҫʲô˵鲻ӲһҪҴ绰
ţҾˣ
뿪СԺͽ˳
ųİ룬ص̾һ
߽ڤҹ䣬ڤҹǸطǽȥĻضܵΣա
˵һǶ֮ע˵ԵڤҹƳѳߡ
ԶȥվſĿʧеĺ塣
壬ģһ῿ԼҵڤҹڤҹҲôġ
֪Լڤҹĵַ
ⲻҪԼһҵڤҹģһ
ʹʧˣΪص߰꺢ͯģҲιιĽŴʹԱһ֡
ӡ
˹硣
ܲ㣬ôһҲʹҪͽйʣӰɣ
͵׷׸ԼĽ顣
İһˣ˿ȡ
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ţȻĴʹҪͽСʹɡ
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һһ⣬գʹֽСס
СҲϲ֣һֱڽߡ
УҪϲô
Сףף
Сòĵ˵ͷڲ⣬ȵĴӲʱһõЦý

1528 ͵ô

1528  ͵ô
ڲſڣ͵ʺô磡
ڵСԺѾˡ
ΪСԺ˵ĽĺκȣԼסʮĶżҳӶʮ嶫ҵĴүϲѪʧĴʹСס
ˣиԵݣദȴǼΪǢ
ô˵ʹС׺ѪУ˵Сʧȥ˼䣬ǱܵĵжԵ
ӾͲøסԺѣҽԺˣ
ԽԽǺڣôһʱϸ⹷סԺѡ
ҹɫ
ԺУһ߳տһһûһš
ڴʱһϢɢϢʮֵĲƣɢһŻζ
׼ȷĲ׽˶ħֵķλ˵ڷըһȫںɫֻ©˺ɫ˫ĶħСԺС
ħЦţѪɫ۾ѲԺеˣɭ
ûѪȻ䵽زȻˣҲˣȥɣ
һΪ˭أԭǵħµĴ󽫾
Цţħ½ĳûгֵ˼
ţСף
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ΪʹСȻʧȥ˼䣬һѾظ߰˰ˣԸССĶħ´ࡣ
СâһҫޱȣϹ˵˫ۡ
Ѿİɣ֪ϵĹҺܲ
һǹģһʧ䣬һ޹ı飬ʵϾĸڼթļһͶһǸꡣ
ڵ²С׵ʱΪʲôҲˣΪʱ棬˲Ǯһ˳ĿǮӦʱǮѾĿڴ
ް
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ĻϽˣ
ħֶʿԷħִʹȥԸ
ôһ¶ôµħ¶
ĵĿ⿴˵˽ĵ񣬵ַģʾԼûκεĹϵһϵûС
ΪѪһѪͳĻ壬ǾԲѵġ
ĻȻţЩħƵ֣ȻԼĿġ
ΪΪСף
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һҹ֮䣬úõѧУôΪ˷棡
罪ĵǰһһѧ¥ΪƽأѧУر˷ӡҽļӹ˷ӡħҲ޷롣
ûԱ
˵һЩС˸УǡҴʱ˿̵ȴЦ
ҧ촽ҪУߣҪЦɡ
Ȼ֪ôܰƷЦ

1529 ɶ

1529  ɶ
ѧУ˷棬˽صǼУ֮⣬ѧУӡ
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һ໰УвϵıվһԵĽĵȻǰȥʱóԼһ±ȽϺá
һʱ䣬ѧУѧǺʦǻһõĶ¥ĵûʲôá
Ҹݵ飬Ҳ֪ٻУĻħ
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ڶУᣬôû
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֪Ҳ࣬ʦ˵ڶУᷢ˺ص飬֮Թرˡ
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꽨УǳϵʦʦҲǰĿϴү
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ˮͰĺκĨԼ༶Ͻڵ˶ġ
˵ûиоУΧһֲһĸо
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ҿûʲôħӰӡ
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׼̤༶ʱꡣ

ԽǿңƬ̵ʱ䣬һγɵڵ˵ߣоֹŨ
㡭ǿʲô
κȲתͷ㿴վڲԶһŮ
ŮŹŴĳȹдɡɡסֻܿͣԼĳ
ĺͶ˳κָķ򿴹ȥֻһӰŮӱʧӰ١

֣ڴдɡѸٵʧԲ顣
ǹ
ָоĿŮʧķʮֿ϶ŮӲʲôħ֡
ŮӵʧưôҲ磬ɢ֮䡣
ڰ˷ѧԭУỻ˵ڶУᣬҲֻܳרõУصXģȻصԼҡ
ûио󳱺ģ
Ť֫ӵڶУ֮󣬾͸оȫ¶ڣ곱ʪָоһ

1530 

1530  
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һĨЦ⸡ڴǣɢڳϣָָϵŮӡ
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˵ɶأҳɲҵС
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ģǲʲô¶Ҫǰ
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ͺñߵŮӣȻ˵ǹһǹ
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ʱһĨЦ⸡ŮӵĴǣӻ˫֮У·ֹһĻĻĻ棬ͬʱĵǰҲͬŮһС
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˭⣬صԼɽ壬ҹҹһµᣬ˵Լİ⡣
ȻҲʱദ֮Уࡣ
Ϊ壬ֻ֮գ֮䡣
ʵһʼ֪񣬵ֹİ
Ծǰɽ߱˴ɽӣʲôҲҪҵᡣ
ңʱУӴһЩŷʼУ̤һʱˣֹȥ
Ϊǹħ
Цţӵųֵᣬ˲һһ
ǣһܵƵѹƣô뷲˹
ڶ»֮ҹ֣ᣬҽһϢ
ŽʣµһǱط˵һħΪħ
ΪħԿֻΪжԼӡ
ǣգˣС
Ҳʧȥϣڣ֮ǰԼȫһ˿ֻ֮꣬С
ˣҵ
ûУ
ҡҡͷһĨЦڴǡ
ֻо磬ҵˣ
֣һ˫Ұ׵ֺѪɫĳֳ͸
ȫ±͸ɫʱҲ׵ʧʱˡ
ΪѰԼ񼮣Ҳš
ΪԼ󲿷ֵֻ꣬ܽأԼٶš
˵ĴΪĳֲģ
ôһ¶ˣֲԤ˵û꣬ȴꡣ
ԣǵѰת
ţҵѾ΢΢ˣֻܿõң
ϣʧ֮ǰһһҲá
ôֵô
ʳ仰ǵƽЦĵ˵仰ʱ򣬾Ȼһ˿˿ı顣
ЦЦҡҡͷ
ûʲôֵòֵã
֮Уֵòֵ
ˣһΪһħһΪһ񼮣˵Ľȴˡ
ε̾һƺ˶ˣ׺͵Ҳǧٴεתֻزߵ˽졣
˺ˣˣ
˵µʱκȾȫעţֱħ˵Ľ޵ǽһҡ
ֽزκϵˮ۵İȵ
ǰòá
úúãǰ˰
ҵת˵ɣҪټXУãã˺֮ѰһתˣǴ롣
Ƕ˶ҵˡ
ڣһص㣬صתҲʧǱֱϱԷӡһͼڣֻҪҵӵͼڵˣת
ʱϰɣҪȻڵ֧ȥ
ļ򵥵ı֯һСޣ޿ұסҵ֮ǰɢ
л񣡡
ᳯŽɫâһ㸽Сϡ

1531 

1531 
Ǿ仰Ҫãã˺֮Ѱҵ꣬ϼѡ
գųŶĺκȥڶУѧ
ߵڶУǰʱ򣬱㿴ϴүڵϣĿ͵ĿԶ
ں棬˳ϴүȥķһۣһҪüͷһ塣
һƬѹѹƼڸXС
Ҳ˰ɣ
ʱϴүŽģǲҲˡ
ţħ
ΪСʦֶҪ߳࣬Ǽñ֣򽫻಻Ҫ鷳
ϴүƺ֪ĵݣҲ飬ƺھŽıúġ
ϴү˵ʲô
ϴүҵͻû󣡡
ϴү̧ͷһ۽ġ
üͷĿڿϴүͽ֮ǻ
ɵӶܿóϴүҪĴɣΪɶ˵Ļ
ǰ˵ЦˣҵҲʮ꣡
Ǹ磬ûб䣬Ȼǰ
ϴү˵Լʮʱ˲סˣŵٴοġ
ܣôߵΪûиǧ˰ܣ
ϴүվҪһϵ⣬ǷһƤ
Σϴү
ǰôȰɡ
ûܰΪʲôĹ
ϴүֹţ벻׽Ϊλ˸ĪΪ
߰ɣ
κȳ˳ĵ䣬ϿεѾ˺üˣҪٲȥĻҪηվˡ
˵Уỻˣǰδ֪ʶȴһҲûмˡ
ڣһʱȥˡ
˳ԷĵضҲʳñ˷ãĴүǻԭˣʹĹϵ˵ζ֮ζˡ
ҵô
ûУ
һķģκȺͶĸ˷ֱһӵĲڼĴ׷
ŶǷҵϾֱͼڵľϢȥӦЩɡ
ϧǶ˶ҵûҵת
᲻뿪У
ûֿܵģ
Ѿʮִһ֪أ
һ߳ԷĶһ׷̧ͷʮؿ˿ġ
ͷ㲻ǺڤϤôֻص¶һڤ֪ô

ɶʱôˣ
ˣΪʲôȥһڤתΪ˭ⲻͺðô

ٺ٣ǣҲ˭Сܣ
һĨһЦ⸡ڴǣNɪ
ʱ򣬽ģκȺͶ˼٣ȥɽһƬյء
óֻ绰ڤͨ˺֮󣬶Էȴ˽
˽ֻڤĺ룬Ӧвͨɣ
Ҳǣ
һ磬ϴùʹߵֻڤشĵ绰
ߣȥҽԺ
Ǻ󿪳ǰXоڶУҽԺ
ҽԺ֮ÿ춼ʻȥȻҲǹʹ߾ĵؽ硣
Ȼڶʮӵʱ󣬽Ŀ˹ʹߵӰӡ
ӣ
ŮʹߣŶסԼǰȥ·ĸˣŵʿˮ
ǣҪɶ
Ӱæ
һЦ⣬ôôƦ졣
Сңң費Һİ˵
Ǿǽֻһ£
ǰǹʹôôô
ʵϣĸȷȷʵʵǹʹߣֻǵһγִ񣬾ǣҲǵù
Źʹߵĵ绰ͨڤصֻ룬ݵ󣬵绰һͷ
ش磬ڤأ
ڤȥȼˣʱ䶼ڴڤ顣
һڤε̾һͽĻѳڤȥȼơ
Ŷû¶Ǹͳˡ
˵͹飬תںδ
һ£ȥ飡
дתϢ
ҵˣXж
˵ת֮ĵַֻЩֵǣϢȻģ
ֻһͣת֮ʲô飬ڴ״̬
ûף
˵Ӧʹһֽ֮Լ룬ȸһַȥʲô
˵ţֻϴһϢŹһЩ֡
лˣˣڤǼһȥȼˣ

˵ȥһ磡
ڤСʾ˵ȥһʲôʱһԵټС
ԭڤص˼
Ŷһ飬ħֵԽԽ࣬˼ˣǲʾʾô
Ķħ۸ͷˣڤͲ̬ô
һԵڤȻ˽ĵĻֽд֣˵ĵ˵ͷ
ڤ˾ϣŻȥ˼㣬ʱʲôŻ˵ġ
ɣȹҵ绰ˣڤҪǻĻתһôĺÿѡ񣡡
˵绰İֻŮʹߣֻϵĵַȥת֮ļС
ڤ磬ڤ򦣬һҾ֪ıεĿ
˵СۼǳϹŮʱڻҪȥһˣ
ڤ˷ģĲ˵˵ˡ
ôڤ뿪ڤе鶼
˵˵֮£Ȱڤȼٵͷ
ڤˣҪȥ˼紦ħء
ҪȻأȺС̤붫ؽ磬ȻҪģ
ңʵѡֻһˣôˣ
һߣյַҵת˼ңš
ŵһߣڿ˵ʱһ¡
ǣ˭
ãԴԴļô
ǣ
̾һҲû˵ʲôкŽ˽Ժӡ
ŶԺӣԺҲһ֦Ҷï
Ҳô
һ̤Ժӣıо˲ͬѰ֮ԺӲ֪ľȥûʲôɿ֮ǡΪˣԺΧһа˷ӡ
ЦˣֻԶһЩƤëѡ
߲ûʲô˽˷䣬ָڴɫ԰׵ˡ
ҪҵԴֻǰʼѾΪ˴ʱ״̬
̾һһ۽ĵˣ˵Űǰ顣
غ˵ڶУᣬغ˿ŵϴүҲغ˵ʱѧУºӡ
֮ǰڶУоۼһнš
УԴҲʱ֮һԴдԼٶˣ˵硣
Ҳ֪ôˣԴһʩ֮ǱһˣʼѰһŮӡ

1532 㣬ɮô

1532  㣬ɮô
ôˣ
ŹԴ飬Ҳܲ²ĳΪʲô˵תģ
ӦΪסԴ꣬Ϊ˱⣻Դķѡ
ǸŮӲûҵԴҲдħ
߼Űǰ顣
ǸûԴΪʲôȻ֮ı仯գԴħ
Ϊ˲Դ顣ȥΪ˵סԴֱ꣬ա
󷨵ѾʧĲ࣬ǿߵά󷨣Ѿ֮ʡ
߶ˣԴḯΪ׹ǣҲ᳹׵׵ʧ֮䡣
߲뵽ȻѵЩ˵ĺô
ڴͬʬһԴĻعͷԺе󷨡
Ժ󷨵۱һӦǾۼԴꡣ
ɲ֪ΪΣӦ꣬Աֵ֮顣
Ȱ˰ɣа취Դۡ
ǽ֪׺͵Ѳһ𣬶Դ֮䣬ȻѾˣҪﵽס
ʱ䲻ˣϣ޵ʱ棬˼һ档
⡭
ЩˣϾʧ֮ԺɽɢŵĴɢ޷ջصĻԴͻΪһ߰׹ǣ׵׵뿪硣
ģ
ЦţĪ̤ʵࡣ
Ҳã󷨽ţҲܳյʱ䣬ǰһԡ
ȡԼѪϣһ˲䣬ܴһɾ磬ʧ֮˿ԺɢŵĹâ
ЩֵĹâԴƬ
ʱ䣬ػԴʱ䣬Ҳʱһ˽ˡ
վԺУ˫ֽӡһζλɬѶģǰЩǵĹâľۼһ𣬽أһ˵ǰ
ϸ͵·ȴ֮ʱģ
߿ǰԴ֮ʱ򣬼ͨһϥ˵ϡ

Դߵĺ֮Լǰߡ

ԴˣǻɽˣǱԴ㻯һֱԴϰƫ󷨡
ڷ˺飬һֱԼΪۣػԴǡ
һμ㣬Ҳ޺ˡ
ĺˮ˵꣬ȻޱȵĿ
Դ꣬˫Ŀڽĸ˵ϡ
˭Ϊλ
ε˰ʱ䣬جج֮УԴȻ֪ѾǶʮһ͡
һҪס
иˣҪ㡣
ĴóһСޣСŵ꣬ɫĹâԪԴǰ
Ŀᣬ۵İԼ޷ݵı֮䡣
һԴѰǧİˡ
Ц⣬ڴϣ֣ظԴա
Сּˡ
һ˲䣬ԴƬ̣ԼǰĻ档
ɵ˫ִԼյһ̣һôʵ
͵ǰһԴ˫ֽرᣬƺҪһ㡣
ᣬᣬᣡ
ԴһһĽ֣ᵽЪ˹ǻгŵǶ԰ǧ˼ǶĲҲǶ԰˵Ρ
ᣡ
ڣأ
ЦЦţеˮ˳յһһΣϡ
˽ӵţ˵ٶĻ˴һ𣬱ʤǧ
ˣõʱѾȴ
ΪѰĳ
ΪѰᣬһζħ
죬ڶ˵ϿһЦ
ֻΪһһˣֶĥ˴మŮôĲпᣡ
վһԵļ˾ؿţκѾ޳ˣſڶļŲ޳
ᣬһ㶼ûб䣬ô
ôѾǧ꣡
ǰѾǧꡣ
ǧʱУһֱѰתˣȴҪһηֱˡ
ԸˣḩǰԴ촽ԼԪȵԴ֮С
͸ԴҲϣԴܺúõĻȥΪԼҲΪ
ԴӦңԺӲҪɵ£ô
ԸѾ˽ᣬܿԴѾ֪ˣҲһ˿ԪԴ۲ҿԻص⡣֮УΪһ˻ȥ
ֻԴˡ
Сǵõһμ㣬˺ô꣬ʵҹŪ㣬˭֪ôɻһ껨ҲҪꡣ
һĨЦ⣬ԽŨš
ϦĹâ͸塣
һ£ʧˣʧԴǰ
һɫĹâϦͣɢ֮䡣
ԴĿʧķ˵ʹࡣ
ʱһӨ͸ɫˮ˽Уֻк춹һСˮɢűĴУأĻϸԼĺǶӵĵط
ǶӵĵطӦôУ񡭡ᡭѲɫǿӵһţ
Դص棬֮бûгκθֻܵոջصȻЩӦ
ݵӦ֮ԴЩӲĲӳڽǰ
лλҼᡣ
㣬ô
ԴѾʧˣȥ
ԪɢˣԶԶʧֻ֮С
Դ԰׵ԶãҲػ֮ϣ
ΪᣬһúõĻȥħҲҪȣҪȵ֮գ
Դ֪谭һƣҪȥ۳ħҪȣſǲٿ˵ʱ䡣
һ껹ʮǧꡣ
Դ仰ЦԴļ
ãΪΪħĽңһԸ
ѣֻҪħͬ١
ɣҲϲνơ
뿪֮ǰԼѪԴߵü䣬ʾ
һУ˳صСԺ
·ϣŽüƺʲôҪȴֲ֪ôڡ
ʲô˵ɣ
ͷߵɮô
ɮһڿԳϣͷѪһҲЧ
ɮأҺԼΣ²ʹҲֻ취ҪȻΪ밡
˶һڸʻλϵĽһֻһ˵ԼԴĸԭ
οҲƵĴڡ
ĸ˽Լ׵顣
ǰ׻Ů۾βŮʱ˵𣬶Ǿݾ
ΪƵĴڣ˽ѣڣߵһ𣬳Ϊǿоη

1533 

1533  
СС˾ʼΪֵĵΪ˹˺ףױ˰׷Ѫӡ
ŷĽİݵĹ񣬼㵽˼Ҳ³
أ۰ִ½ô
ǵȻˣ׺͵أϳɶ
֪
ĸ˳ϳʲôֻеȻؼҿʲôˡ
ڽ׼ŵʱһһ˺ݺݵײ˴ϣҪǽļʱᱻҵ
ʲô
Ұȥְ
˺ݺݵˤڵϣ㿴һ¾װŮһγΪɷ˵㳯ŵ˹ȥ
ҪһĻƵԴᱻ롣
¾װŮӵģֹľٶ
ţô
ĵֹͣµĶ̧ͷһ˫ġ
ˣ˵
ι˭ֻǲŮ˶ֶѣΪĴ򲻹㣡
һץסӣӵ˶ǽϡ
Ŷۣ
գڽĵĵ£ס֣ûаѵ
ԭˣǼʲôʱѪʹ
СԺڣһ߳һĿһѪʹڽߵԭ
֮ǰڤǧڵĽĲʹʲôΣգһʱ
ˣŻὫѪʹǱڵв׼
ţ˵㼸֮Żô
ʱ¶ڤ֮ǰһЩ
һ仰Ͱڤظˡ
֮ǰڤزǶȼȥô
ûУڤֻڶȼ٣ȷȷʵʵ뿪ˣǽǱ߷һЩ飬ȥˡ
ֱӱһϣһųһ˵ڤصȥ򣬲Ҹ߽ģڽ磬ڽڽҲЩ顣
ʲôҵ׺;Ҳǽ磿
İɣǽһ壬ͽԼǾȥ̸жѣᷢõ¶㡣
£ŵĿһɨʹС׺Ѫ
ö֮ߣô
ι䣡
һͲˣѾţôһٶͱˣھȻԼͽ֮Ĺϵˡ
ôһܰ
һڵڽʱʮֵƾãΪǿޱȣһֶѣ
㡭ߣҿǸ߹ѪңŲŮ˶֣
ޣ
һɫװʮֲһڣתͷϡ
ģҲʲôöСĵ㣬һΪ˷ӡ顣
˵ԼһڽĿıǷӡһ¶
ӡڽʿӡҲڽ͵ڽ˲С
е㲻ôڽڽҲйϵ
㲻Ҳпԭģת֮ʱУ˼緢˺ܶ£ħԼɱ𡭡
ŸĽ⽪ĴŮתΪοհʱ飬Ҫǹڤ顣
ڤ飬һ߿š
ڤĳ൱ĻĴڣ˵ֻҪۼ߿ڤ飬ƿǳǿ߱
߱ʲô
Խ˵ԽЩͿڤҲ˵߱ʲô
Ϊ߱һһħηĴڡ
ᵽ߱Ű˫ʮǰһβҵս
磬ڽ磬ڽڽ硣
ͻȻһ죬ǽһǿ壬ڽ磬Ҫڽ׼飬Ϊǻϴڽڽ飬ڽƿ
Ǹǽ߳Ĵڱ߱
߱Ĵ£ڽʿɱħǷƵĴڣѹȣʵֻ߱ͨɱ¾ǿԼѡ
һ
˽⵽ֻ߱еǲӡ
ڤ飬ż߱ĽʣֻҪۼ߿ڤ飬߱Խһ谭٣ʱһսҡ
ħأħ߱ûûйϵ
ħа߱Ľ֮һ
ЩϢҲڤǰǽ֮ǰԼģЩתġ
˼˵ħҪҵڤ飬ħͯýٻ߱񣿡
Ҳô˵ЩɵȱⲢ֪һ߱٣in߱ɱ¾Ŀħһ顣
߱ɱһħԼ˼޹գǵĴֻΪɱ¾ϵɱ¾Լ
߱ôģ
Ϊһϵˡ
żǵãΪΪѵʱϵ˳ˡ
ϵڽһǿߣƽ֮߱ȫĶΪ߱Ľʣ߱˵֮⡣
߿ڤɢ䡣
Ϊ˲ڤһξۼħ㽫ڤӡϼµС
˵⣬ŵĿ⿴ʹ
ҪȺҴ˵һöڤ飬Ҳħʣµڤ顣
˵һź޲ðЩʹһӽ͹ը
ΪʹľٶڤϢҲøصķӡɶ
߿ڤ鱻ӡߣǣһȫ
ÿһڤ鶼ӡӳ֣ôˣȺôƳطӡõһöڤġ
ԽԽԽԽ룬ҪǽţŷһӴСײɡ
һȺǲˡ
ŵĿУ֪ΪʲôħħֵԭΪľڤ顣
һеĿ˱Ϊʹõһöڤ飬ǣ˺ֵ顣
һγڽԭҲǺܼ򵥣Ǵڽǿӡ
ΪΪڽĴ磬ֻҪҵڽĴߣ½ڤӡ
ȵȣΪʲôΪڽĴ
Ĳ⣬ԼʲôʱΪڽĴһĿֻѰڤҹôֳΪ˴
ڽĴ󲿷˶æǽ飬˭Ҳûʱӹ̷ӡڽΪǿĵ䷶ڣĻһ¾ڽ顣
ſ˿ģвʱһš
ң㻹֪飿
ŷӦԼ˵Щ齪ѹͲ֪Լ뿪ĻʱĻľҲû߽ģ
Ļ֪ʲôԸˣնడ
Һͬ㣡
Ľĵļ򣬱ʾͬ顣
ƣѰڤҹģô֮ΪʲôЦذɣ
Ȼ㶼Ҳ֪һ顣
ſģڽĵĶ˵һ仰

1534 ̼

1534 ̼
˵ʱһ˫ɴˣǲš
ɣļٵģ
мٲɣĻĴ˾Ѿ˵Ľ
źͽĶһԵı飬غԯ׿ˡ
ʱֻ֪Ϊڽͻųڶʮһͣⲻ֪ǹغ˵Ľ٣ֻжѣβ޳
¶ԯϴʲôϵ
ϵɴأ˾˵ԯ׿עһ٣غΡ֮һЩԽ⿪Ľᡣ
˵һСĸڽĵĶߡ
ô˵ԯ׿ʮһͣ
ţӦûᣬҪȻôʱǻĻϷͳɡ
ٺ٣ôľˣ
ĺŶЦķڶ˵ĻҲǴ˵ıһûʲô¶
ΪŵСԺֶһʱסֻͣǣߵСףųֵĵطС׶Ҫʧ
˳Է֮⣬ֻҪˣͻ
գڶУᡣ
ڴĿϴүĵʱ֣ʾ⽪ǰ
ϴүô
ô
˵֮ʱԴᣬϴү֪꣬ʧˣȻǶ֮˶֡
ţʧˣԴƽ¡
ǼһһŲеִǺαأħָΣ
ϴүһƺڵʲôĴӱóһӷϴүС
ҵãеĵ࣬ΪΪħħΪβ
˵ѾΪ񣬵ǽʱǲףΪʲôִħֻ֣֮Ҫе޳ħ޳Σƫ֮һнԿ
ϴү仰˵һ£һãɫڻ˲ʲôЦ
ֲãֲãԭִ̫ˣԭˣ
Цصڳ֮䣬ϴүվŽĵļп֮쳣
лСѣһ仰⿪ϷĽᣡ

׼뿪ʱ򣬿ϴүһνסĸˡ
վסѧУ׼Եģȫɣ
үе˰
ѾӵĿܣĶ˱ű˵ڶУᣬϴүεҡͷ˿˵ıӰгЦ⡣
ʱԶĳϱ˫ߵߣٺٵЦš
ʦǲһӾͿ˲٣СѾͷء
ƽүĺܣ߶ǰʮֵľнͲˡ
Сôʶģ
֪ʦֶֻ˵⺢һ磬ѾΪ˶ɽ٣Ҵڽ
ֻ֪ô࣬ڱľͲ̫ˡ
һϻǺ˽ǽҪѰҵǸˣʲôˡ
ֻһ仰ش
Ǹˣ綼ǲ
Ϸѧؼңųż÷ĳС
ڿ÷ʱ򣬽Ĳ÷ƺЩԾ
÷㣬ô
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ңȻִŮˣұƼˣһᶯֵģ
ɨ㻤ԼǰŲƽţſˮ
ΪѪĵĴ򲻹ţֻŮˣߺͽʶܲöְɡ
ҾͱƼôְҺ㲻ɣ
˵ţһǰûסµĿֹӣһŲȥǰ㵽
ˤܵķеɨȥסǺģҲµ˿ֹӣ˫˫ز˵ΪĿֹһ
ˤ˵ϣ촽ڵ˫ϣĿԶɵˣ
Ŷ
Ŷ
̼
ɸոƿŵĽ˿һĻ
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ŽԼ֮Իԭ򣬰һеԭ˽²ŵĿƿϡ
һԵСںſ֣һһֻյĿֹӱ˵ϡ
СףɵƯ
ĴָС׵
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ұˣѪϰףӦü޸Ϊӡ
Ū˭أ浱Сô
һȭ£źݺݵش˵ϣһȭʮ֮ļ죬òīڵȦΧɫۼ
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һ߿ŵһ߳Ż
ʱбʹ٣ҲÿֻţΪʹԱϷ벻ҪäĿĳݵȵȵĻ
˵ôôʹͶħۼXУѲħͯXУ
Ŀ˿ӣֿ˿ڳԵš
ħͯݹغžԲ¶пڤ顣
Ų²ʹħǾۼԭпΪڤ顣
Сףôҵڤģ
Ҫ֪ʹôҵһöڤġ
СȴҡҡͷǵһС
ˣʱ˳Ծ˯Ҫһֱߣϴ½ӣҪָඡ
ȿĻ棬ʱС״½ˤʧȥ˼Ѿˡ
ƺеС׷еĿӵͷίģ
˺ˣû˵㣬Ҳ˵㣬Է
ţ
ĵĻСһ˲һ˫ɫĺܣ·˵һжʥּһ
ڽ߳ŻбĿһСףǸֳһĨ޵Ц⡣
ȥҹܣκдҵĶŶ󿪺ڣҪͽСһԿŽĴϷ
յģǸܱܲ⣬Ҫ˺
Ϊļ룬Ŷжһ̹ˣϧ̹˲֣˶ԷȱڣڶԷĴ̿ƹ˵ֱ̹ж
ڹؼʱȿһ˶ԷĴ̿ͣűס˶
оյĶԾ֣ԣȻ˸ߵ˻ʤӮҰս
˴Էʮ˵ս
ǡǿң
ĻֳͬĴˡ
ǣܻܲһװÿô
ʲôˣʲôˣʲôˡ
Ȳ˵ģͶʮĴүϷֵװ˵ëëꡣ
װѹԷټ˵ϣȻܹʤࡣ
ңǸǲϡ
棬Ҫȥˣ

1535 SSS

1535 SSS
СԺУ߸ˡ
ģκȣżҴٶҼ̳˶󣬼ѪʹʹСףԼڽڤš
ÿ죬ѧСԺ˸иֵ飬һһ
ź͵Դϴοֹ¼֮۸ֻ
õĻ˵вŮ
ҹɫգŨĺڼ˲治
УһԼԼĺк񿴵ڤҹ
ڴԽһһ֮󣬽׷ڤҹĽŲҪץסӰ֮ʣһɫӰһ˲ɢ֮䣬ɢڽĵǰ
˯еĽıʲסûз뷿еСס
վڽĵĴߣС׿˯еŮӣһ˫ɫӼ⣬һɫĹâ䡣
С׽еİɫâע뵽ʱڴ˯˵ĽĻ˫ۣԺĿվԼǰСס
СףҹĲ˯ʲôˣ
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ŹǷĴЬקС׵صķ䣬ҸСҴ˱ӡ
˵úõʹôεϰߡ
£ת뿪ߵʱδС׵вĸ顣
ģ
ڴϵС׿ŽʧеӰŽ֡
ա
أı㱻绰ˡ
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ڶУ칫У϶Ų豭ǳһǰĸӣŻ˵˵绰Ϊļ¡
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ϽһſƬϣƬдһַ
ùƬſƬдµĵַЩ⡣
УӦòѧҪ飬ҲѧᴦķΧ֮ڰ
ô˵ѧҲһȺѧ޷ʤרҵħʦĹ
һӦýиΪǿĽʦȥΪʲôҪ
ĿһۿƬһЩϢžҪȥAһˣҰ˴
ȥǼ򵥣ǣԱдSӦǴĿѳ̶ȡ
ѽô˵ôǼϷġ
κʮˣΪһҲٮٮߣ˵ʮ֮׶ļ̳ˡ
ڽôԿ϶˵ڽĸּһ𶼲ǽһ˵Ķ֡
˵û˱ĸʵˡ
һ飬ѾʦԴ飬Ҳõˮ顣
ϵĽĵ˲ˮʲôĸ˽ΪˮǺ֮Ĺϵ
ϸĵĺӣҲǳʱõĺӣСףС׷ֱӦŽľˮԪأֻҪԪصǶСУὫӴ򿪡
ڴ򿪺֮ῴʲôҲǺ
Ȼ˵ģǽġ
Ǻӵ׶ɶӦԪأԪɢ֮µƬǴˮԪء
ǼǰAУڻǸ˻صSеʱҲһкƵˣӦ֪䡣
ãǽˡ
ĺˬĽΪҪǣԽҪ֪ʲô

˵һһ룬һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĵĿ⿴Уٴο˵ŹӶ⡣
УǽˣǮҲҪԤǣ⻹SSS񡣡
Ҫ˵ʲôô᲻ף޷Ǿթѡ
׼
ǵȻˣϷѾ׼ˣĸֻ
ʱĸ˵ֻ𣬷ֱ˶ţ˺⡣
ô࣬βȻҲ١
Уˬ죬ȻͳǰAС
ãϷ͵ǵĺϢˡ
Ķ뿪УңվڲǰԻصеļˣһϼ޻
治ĵǼᷢʲôΣգ
ŵϴүɨ߽Уң˳ųϵ߿ŽҵĽĵˡ
ʦģû˱ȽĸΪˣϾħͯѰˡ
ϲû˵ýĸǰAǻ͵˭ǹغ簲Σħͯ
ǺķҵħͯҪһħͯ͵SУʱSе󷨽ӡ
ִд˴ˣΪһˡ
ȣΪڽĴǿΪ
ԽĵԸһ񣬾Բ;ϡ
滹ߣҲһһо٣ʦܶ
ʦǴԶȥô
Ͽ˿ʦŵ˫米ѲǴҪȥ
ȥս֮ǰϻ
ҲãʦȥҲʦֶһã

1536 ħͯ

1536  ħͯ
SSS񣬴֪Ѷȡ
صСԺļ˿ʼʰ뿪ʱ
С׶һԣ۾գգ͵ĿŽġ
Ҫȥ
Ҫȥʱ䣬⼸͵źúõСԺ
ҪȥʲôطҪȥã
һҪ뿪С۾˲æץס䣬һ˾ͻʧ
ͻ
Ҳһȥ
СԾǽץסĵ·һ˫ɫ۾ǽģ޲ھʰԼ
ȥAҪȥڴʧУԹԵ£
˵Сڲ˵뽪һǰAеĻ
գϷɻϣĵĴŹǷ
ֱСײסˣֲ衣
ȻһЩȴô
ĲС׵裬ûбҪߵﶼСף˵ˣСȻʧȥ˼䣬վǴʹͳʹ
ĸСʱḷ́ڵAС
һ·ɻһɺķ紵˹
˵ʮ·ݣSԾȣAȴѾ
κ׼֮ǰѾAе
ֻ׼Լͽĵ·ڶͶˣֻܱżٶȳӴĳ
ҵ죬Aôô
ĶסĴ˸硣
Ƶ껹ȳ԰ԤһЩĺãĸð˿ɾˡ
SоAȻֻĸСʱķк̣ǳڱ˵AѾ＾ڵȻǸһ£ǾҪѩˡ
ӴӻƵѾСʱˣκȺͽĶһ䣬Ͷһ䡣
˾Ƶ겻֮󣬽ĺͶͬʱյУƵϢ
Ƶһͷ϶Ų豭һЦݣĸһֱ˵ĸо
ϣܱܲôЦܸо㲻⣡
㿴⻰˵ģʲôв⣬Ϸĵ˴ôͲأ
ϱ仰˵ǽһŤɶв⣬ˣЩûĸ˰ˡ
ĸҲ˾Ƶ꣬ħͯĵַѾ֮ǰˣмĸҪǧע⡣
˵ڹѺħͯĵطͬʱҲħ鲼ĵطΪ˼ŷӡħǾҪ˹ȥ
УСҲAС
壿ǲȥڤô
֮ǰ˵ȥڤ飬ôAС
ôϷҲ֪пڤҲAˡ
ҲֻܿԽͽΪʲôAеԭ
ϣǲǻʲô˵
һ۾Ϳӵ飬ʮȷͷһҪǣĸ˵A֮˵Ҳ˻ڵƵߡ
ôҲʲô¡
εĿһ£һ˫ЦۣĿڽĶ˵ϣŻ˵顣
ϷʼǺ˵Ƶôǻ黹ϷҲǴˣضһAС
˵ųҲ֪ǲȷAУʱֻΪ˺ƭǰAеĽڣ
ŷĴǸһĨЦ⡣
Цûһ˿һ¶ȣóһ˿˿־Ȼ
ѽô˵һǮˣȷȷʵʵһAУ
ϻղеĲ豭һƵǰĸһ͵֮󣬱㽫ƵҶˡ
źĻתͷ˿󣬿˵һ仰
ǣǲǱУˣˣ
Ǵ
ʵӽSSSʼͽĶ˱пܻʲôУһնöеԤгˡ
ңЩУûкǽ
ĸǱϸӵ˵ףھͳǧ˰ٸħҲԻκ⾪㵵ı顣
Ϣһʱ䣬ĸ׼һжԸħķ乤ߣ̰յַǰѺħͯĵط
ħͯڵĵַAеߣҲ֪ĸӲʹļһĸ˶A϶˵ľƵ꣬AС
ھ˸ֶ³г֮ǵAнլӡ
ȥôô
ڿλɽּլ֮ʱֻլϷƽУŵħϢѹģ˴Ϣ쳣ѡ
ңΧլΧħûгǧҲ٣ҶʵǿĴڣңЩħڲͬӣħĵħȵһӦȫ
˵Ҫڼ¼һִȫһǲǻʷ
ⲻ
ԽΪףվڵڶ˳λκȱ˻м䣬һ˳լȥ
լΧŶħȻ赲˵ĽŲڷ£ǶħĶħ޷
ͷã
Ѫķܲô
˶һۣҪԼûΣ¾ԲʹҲ˷ԼѪҺ䣬ŪԼһߵѪ˲һ
ˣ
ţŵڿ֮ſš
ү
Ƕҵˣ֮˽˹ѺħͯĵΡ
ӽլӿʼÿһﶼ˷䣬ħû룬ܲ󷨣κħУᱻ󷨻ɱ
ˣլӵ·Ϊ߿ƼĲϽɵͬʱǶŽ֮ǰʹķ䡣
ȥҪҪộ
ŽĲ֮ʱ㵵ŴͣԼǰһС
ʲôþȵģ
ͷ֪ʲôô
ûΧǽڣеľ֮ɫ޷
ʲô
͵ĲϣڵҲ䲻ۼߣôһСϰ򡣡
ϰ򣿡
Ǯʱ򣬽һ˵ûǽ档
ôֵǮô
ڶߵĶô᲻֪ʲôҪǽڵ뷨
Ȳ˵ЩǽڵӲȣǽЩߣҲ˸򡣡
Ҿѡ
ٺٵЦţ̰ĴǽڵĲϣҪ˱Ͼ
ĸµ¥һֱߣӵʱ䣬ڲ֮һȫǸֻķ䡣
ڷе˫źɫĲڵϡ
ƺӦʲôվŽڵķ˹
ôץסħͯģ
Ŷνħͯץġ
Կ϶⺢ӵһ̣ÿһѹָа긡ֶ
Ǿ֣˲ǰ֡
ңܸоõ˫۱˺ɫĲȴ͸ڲؿΧһС
˼
ǰħͯһ鲣˶ս
ˣ
ħͯĻ峺ĺܣɤ֮ʹټһſ޹գôôħͯ

1537 

1537 
֪Ҫô
ţܿõδδ֮УĴڡ
ħͯûԼô֪ĻԭҲΪԤ⵽Ǹ棬ħͯŻĸԸץס
Ϊ뿴֮еŮӣĴڡ
ôδʲôģ
ȤĿڲԣһĨЦ⸡ڴǣħͯԼδЩʲô
ܹݲԤδ˲٣ܿ̽ҲǴȴһ
һ·ҲӴнܹռˣЩ˵ĺΪ̽Ǵ
⺢ӣǵûбǴˣ֮ӦǿЩʲô
δģǿҲΪ뿴ԤеǷһӣҲŻ
ŶԼģץģֵôΪ˿ҷе󣿡
˵ģڿǰΪħͯʱ򣬽뵽ڵǸӡ
ڼʱΪ˱ס磬òǺɱ
ô
ʱ꿪ڣƺ˽һ
ĻĴɫ˶¶óöǣһöӲķ϶֮Ӹ꣬һöԼ
˿ռδܶĵˣ㻹ǵڶ
Ҳӹ˽ĵݹİǣֽҲŵһ˭
ɷңĵĵһ˭
㲻ǻô
ʼգĶһɵЦݣ̽Լġ
꿴νĵһ֮ʱÿĴҲֳһĨЦ⡣
Ϲħڤҹʱܹҵô
Ļʼ硣
ԵҺڤҹʱ㣬Ȼӵп̽ı£ܶģħΪβúõеõҪԼٲ֮أ
罪ԣ겻̽ģͬʱط̤ħΪãȻǸΣյļһ
ǲǺܺ棬Ϊʲûħ˵츳ߣվֻһʮĺӶѡ
ıħͯ˼꣬ɾ飬޵ΪħͯɱĴڡ
ħͯӵп̽ı£ȴûнⱾƿص¯࣬п̽ĵı죬ȴΪĿ飬Ҳͬʱħ칦ֻǿϧ
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ŽģΪԼûнħ
ܼ򵥣Ҽħħ֮ϣνħ
ɷϣڶʮһϵµУΪǼʱյĻȻУŪڹ֮䲻֪
ʹڣĲˣͳħĽޣ˵ûȴҲСܹƿصġ
Сӣ¶ˣҲһ¹ԭļƻħΪãȻ뿪լӣ԰ɣ
һһ˵ħͯļƻ˵İˡŲʮˡ
ʱħͯ˫ȭֻɿ˵ϣ˵ϣӱóһӡ
̶˵ΪһҪΪŰء
Ϊ£㲻ҲΪˣһߵô
ħͯЦţ͸ɫĲ׼ȷĲ׽ĵڣ֮ýεЦš
סҺ㲻ͬΪ˿Ѫ׺͵ôΣһ
ôһûп͸㡣
ħͯ̾һֻһ仰һ롣
ҴСڹ¶ԺΪ˫˲ͬܵ˳Ц۸
˵Сʱ飬ʼǵһС
ĸô߳ôԺ˻ȥϸĵš
Ϊ֪쾹ȻôԺǰ
ޣһԼˣԼǲֺڰ׵
һħͯ˵Źһ߳Źӡ
ħͯڼ֮һɫ֮ʱæĻ
ʲôطǸˡ
֪ô
ħͯǵЦһθ֣ͽȴû˵ȥصԼĴϣڶ˵κһ֡
ֻ֪Ǹ˵ĴڲŻýǣ
ż
ĵȻС˵һһԭʲôô
˼жʱ䡣
գAнլӡ
ҪħͯAл͵SУɻǲܵˣ˭֪ܺӻ᲻ڷɻڳ۶ӣڳֲҪ鷳
˵ҲֻʣһˣжҵĸѺħͯSУг̱ȻǿζΣգΨһһӡ
ȣȥһЩʦֶ£סǧҪӴħͯ
ħͯһеͶûΪӦħͯ
ţ֪ȥأ
֪ħͯΣԣȻ
ĺκȳ˳ǰAһЩϣAлصSһ·ϣҲ֪ᷢ鷳£׼ΪǰƼңһ顣
ϰѺƵĵַ˽ģڲĲϺ󣬽ıһκվһҿ͵ǰ۰Ͱ͵Ŀųϵĺըȵʳ
ԣ

1538 

1538  
ɽ亣ζɽ亣ζȤ
ըʳƷըʳƷȤںһڱĿָ֣о޷ݡ
ģûоá뿪լӿʼкöڶǿ
ܿ˿ܾ˫۾ڶŶ˵һһ̳ڿ͵ꡣ
ߵˣұߵĸ͵߸ˣǺۼһˣԣ
һڿ֣Ļعͷָۼһˡ
׼ȷ˵ˣǶħϡ
ȸ֪Ĳûд뿪լӵʱجǱѾ˶ˣϢĳǡ
κΣȺ¾Ⲣûҵκλᡣ
С㣬Һһô
ʱһڽǰһɫTһɫţп㣬ɾĺܡ
ΪʲôҪȿأ
ЦţųԼǰ꣬ӵһ˫˫һеִ
겢ûΪ仰뿪֮˽ĵ࣬
Ϊ֪һҺȿֵġ
ƶĻһָȡ
ϲֲ֪ţ
ĵ˵һ֮⣬һЩСʳ
԰ɡ
ллС㣡
ô˵׼ҪҴϼǧء
ڿĵһ۱֪ǰ˲ǷˣҲħ֮Ĵڡ
źģŻϺСʳ
СܵܣȻ㶼ҵĶӦøҵʲô˰ɣ
С֪ʲô
ſ֣һ˫ɫ͸Ц⣬崺һů
ָоΪԭʯĸо֪Էݲ򵥣жеķɼеĻҪ
֪Ϊʲôҵң
Ϊڽˣҵˣ
罪ĿóһˣҲȻ˽ĵݣץ׼ڽ
Ŷأ
һˣǸںԶԶĵط

ʾ˵ȥŶȵȴġ
˵˺ܶڽĵ飬ڵɭ磬ʥ棬ԵĻȵȣÿһ˵Ķһ
ڣ㻹֪ҵô
귴Žģ벻֪ʲô
ֻҪ˵
˵ˣȷô
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ʱԱ˵վߵߣĶ˵һ仰
仰ֻнĺܹ
˵Լʱ򣬽ĵıʵסƬ̣֮еٴЦ
ֲã
һ仰֮󣬱ת뿪ֻһ±Ƶκȿ˿ֿ˿ȥꡣ
ģǸ˭
ߡ
ͽ˵ĻǽĴʱ˵Ļ
Ǽߣǽһ塣
ÿһ˶ʮֵǿ󣬶ʮһ͵ĿıǼ¼۲̡
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ҲΪˣŻ֣Ȱ˵ĲҪͽĹͣϾ
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λĲû˵־塣
꽥ʧеӰ֮УһĨ޷ݵԽŨҡ
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˵ŶǳϽʻģһУˣд˽ӡ
Ͱɢŵĳʪùζκȸں˷䣬ǶȿһŮֻǿŮ
¶Ͽ쵽裡
ˣ֣
²˲֣ݺ˲˳˿˴˵ʱκŷŮȻǷž֮ˡ
³κҡҡͷʾⲻҪ˵ղŵ顣
ûʲôòдλͣˣ
ô˵鷳ˣ
Ļܵӣ˵ưһЩΧǾзı赲ħ֡
Ҫ緹ˣλĻһԸ㷹ɣǱ߳Աģ
ɣô˵ˣҲƴˣ
ղڿ͵ԵţĻˬĴӦ
һСķ򵥵ĸˣûʲôʰζеȴζļҳСˡ
¶͵ƣ
ţ
һƿ׾ƣƣֱںƣĺκȵǰ
ˣǲܺȾƣλһȾƾ¶
Դһλ¼֮κȱڶȾƣÿֻܺٵһ˲ԡ
ڻǷǳʱڣȻơ
ѽû¶ͺһСڣ
ȿ˵ĶƱһڱ㽫һ
þư
˵ʵʮһ֮ȵõľû֮һ
ǵȻƿķƶɵģȲ
ҲΪĵĺˬ˵ӡһЩ
λͣ
壬ͱ͹͵ĽˣĺȾУ
Ǻ壬ǳǵֱɡ
ãȾƣ
¶ǣźƹڻ顣
У˵֮ǰǸ֮£Ǻһε¹˫Ŀʧ뿪ѧУһֱA
УҲҹƣúƼصѧУν̣һʮֿɹ۵ĽǮֲ顣
Լİǣ˵ͳûκιϵִ뿪

1539 ˳

1539 ˳
飬ĪǳҵǸӣ
ŽģϿɷҵǸɫĺӣŻͼͨǱ¡
ţΪ¶ǲҺģ
ȻֱУˡ
ԭǺӲУεʱҵȻǵģԤıģ
Ϻ꣬թ
壬浽װʲôΪʲôֻܽ򿪣
˵飬Ҫ׷ݵǧ֮ǰˣ
ȽǧǰƬ·Ϸ
ʱΪԭʼʱǸʱϱҪһЩҲ١
ǶԿһһεֺĴ£ԼĸأԼ֣ԼĴС
Ǹ߰ģǲ׼ϣ˽϶ĺһһĨɱϣջһеȨ뿪硣
ǵΪѰҵȥİˣ߱ǧɽˮκǿ
գһ˵İ£һѱȻֻһôСɱ塣
ɣʿǰڵĵطֻΪоȻԼӡ
ǻ̤Լأһս֮屻ɱ˰ˣʿ߱Ҳħ
أΪħʿҵӣ
ûУ˭Ҳ֪ʲô飬ֻ֪˽ӡںɫĺУֻоۼܽ򿪣
ԭˣ壬䣬֪
¶ȳȥһ£¶˵
ڳԷĺ뿪˷䣬ʱֻʣ½κȺͺˡ
壬Ѻ֧ʲô
Ϊ¶
˵飬ƽ˫ȭ֪Ķˡ
꺫µѲؼ֮ʱһź³˳֣齻ҸֻҪöӷںµĿУӤ
ʱĺµѾΪ˱סӣֻʹԼʬĸƿȥӣ˵Ļȥ
ȻԭѾûκ׵ĺ»˹ҲΪˣ˺µ塣
֪һ컹Ҫ飬һ죬ҲŮȥʱˡ
˵ھںµ
š
˵ͷûκ
ΪףƵȻ֪Ůû˻֮Ҫԡ
ΪԼŮ԰
ħУеɱ壬Ҳħ
񣬽ĺκȵĳҲ˵һС
κȺͺ˵ѧУһʱ䷢飬Űǿźҵ
Ľ㣡
ҵļ́ͷ⽪ġ
ܵµĿ⣬֡
ҿɲᣬԼȫ꼶һ
±ĵĻˡ
㣬Ҳôʹڻ飬ô
ĺ¶ˣҲ֪길ʧȥĸ׵Ȼʮǰȥˡ
СѾͷ˵ʲô
֪Ǵ򿪺ӵһڣҲ֪֮ҿܾͲˣǡ
֮Ļ˼Ƭ̣תͷĸס
ҵҰ֣ҰѾ̫
²ڿˡ
ô˵ûߣɺ¸ܵõ׵ĸȱһһ
ǵĺһ˻ܿࡣ
ţһ飬Ұѻ֮ǴŸ׻ȥSУҺúõչµ
ŮĵǣԼ뿪֮󣬸ΪäҪһ˻ϣۡ
²뿴ˣԲŻ˵ŵһЩ
СѾͷ飬һ㱣֤ȡ֮㲻ͺһǰSС
֤
Ϊ˵õ飬øŮĵֶҲȥ
ô
ĵĻµɴ˫ۣŵĿ
ģұ֤
֣ںµԴϣһЦ
㣬᲻᣿
°뿪Цָ鱾ϵ⡣
鱾һѡ⣬ĸѡ
˵ѡĴ𰸽Ĳ֪ףַһ𣬱ȻɬѶҪеĶࡣ
ѡ
Ϊʲô
𰸿˳ۣ
֪Ϊʲôܶȡ꼶һˡ
İѴӺóֲвߺƣƼĺ޲øĹߵס

1540 ȥ

1540  ȥ
ҪӺµ߻飬Խ˵¶
ڲֻܴܶҩүү鱾пԡ
ʾ⺫ƺȳȥǸ˺µ꣬żء
ģġ
κȲź뿪˷䣬½ĺͺ¶ˡ
һЩۣҪס
ţ
ΪԼĺڵ֪ϣȥʱ򣬼Ҳס
õһܿ࣬Բᡣ
ʩķҪȽѵöࡣ
ܵʹҲȺеҪҵĶࡣ
һ£
˫ֳָһĨɫĹâЩⶼǴӺȡǻ
ͬʱһĽע뺫µ
ʮӵʱȥˣ
Сʱʱȥˡ
һСʱʱȥ
ֱ֮ʱķŴӷ˳ͷһ亹
ģŮôˣ
ްѾȡ˳
³һԺеĳϣӹȵĲˮȥ
˵ģӺȡ鲢ʲôѵ飬ֻϵµ磬һʹ
ҩүүҲʮֵĻɬ֮£ǻڵĻٵĴӺȡ顣
ڣС
ϢƬ̣˿ɫҲǶ˸뿪ʱ
СѾͷֻأ
ļ˺µĺѣϳ۷լʱ򣬽һǮת˺µ˻ϡ
Ҫÿһת޶תµǮȻһ㡣
ȣ˺ͳҪ
ʮҪ
ƺͺ¸Ů֮ԱģѧУܲɷֵĹϵȻ֪Щ֮еĹϵ;ʲô飬ЩǮǴϴѧУƸŮ˵СС⳥
֮ǰҲ˶ҵƺ¶͵AУʣµģų֪֮Ȼ⡣
ཡ
Ĳ˳ϵĵ绰
ʱĳŲ裬ͺڤ⣬һֻǽģеĲ豭
СѾͷôôҴ绰
ҵˣ
ĺͳ˵Źڻ⡣
һʼûдͳͨ绰Щ黹Ҫ˵˵źá
ŶǾͺãûȵôҵ˻飡
öҵͺƺ¸ŮǰSУӺȡʱҷ⺢
ǸӣİɣϷһ׵ģô
ȻУУӦ֪ڼߵһЩϢɡ
ӵʱ򣬵绰һͷĳһ£Ѿ˽ġ
ҷĺˣǲ顣
ϵ̬ȱƺҲ
ǻ֮Ϸںϸ˵һ˵ߣڻʱ
ɣǵѺħͯS֮ġ
ĹҶ˵绰еĻ飬ųϵ̬ȣѽ˵Ļ
ģôˣ
ȿɫЩĽģѵĻǸ˵һضĵ·ô
û¶һ·һЩʳģȥ⣡
صAнլѾǰҹˡ
ϣլΧħǲ񣬿κլеķ䣬ҴУֻǻҡ
ôŻ
ĺκƽµĹǷġ
ôˣҧˣ
ǶǶ˵϶˲ʣǶһһʮԡ
ˣǸħͯĵ
εЦţӿ³һѪˮ
ڣһоա
ĺκ뿪լӵʱ򣬶ͶլУ˭֪һȻ䴫С
ƺһһҪլӵĵΡ
Ҳ֪侲ĶһǱħͯգΪˣòƴȫض
ɶΪҵĴүбȶϲһȼһ١
ڣؼ֮ʱ͵һǰס˶һȭһȭڶϣŽѣûзӶӵһĻ
˿ģεЦţ˵еһѾѵ˲輸ϡ
ħͯȻŪҵӡ
ǵõɮȻ츳ߵţ˼أǲĻв顣䵽ٲԨ
ԣСүӱ㽫ɮߣǸɮԲ֮ǰ˶һ飬ÿÿκηʱеѹ룬
κȽ뿪֮ʣ˻طʲô⣬ҲΪˣħͯ룬Щɴ
Ҹһ¡
κȵǵĿˣһԷҽҩ䣬ʼȽصĶ
ô
ۣϡһ㶼ۡ
Ǽٻ֣ҪƤ֮壬ͱˡ
˶֫ûۣʮҲҪ۵ˡ
ߵǰڲ輸ϵ飬Ͽ°ãעԼһѪ
ϰɣܵħ̫ǿңʦϾѾԲ˶꣬ҲʧˣŻħͯлɳС
л
˵ǶлǵǸ
飬ǰ˲١
лƨʲôһʱ¶ɾʶˡ
ʼ磬ڶļϣ˵Լˮ뿪֮󣬷ħ顣
ҪΪһֱǰԼħ·һȥˣɱԺԵħ
Ϊɶ
ɳϵĶһ߰ϰϵʹһŽΪλЩħ
޳ҵħ޳񣬶Ѫ֮еĳҲ̳ˣ˵һԴħʣ
˵Լϵ谭ĸ񣬿ϵҫΪˣеĵ·쳣
Ҫ֪ƫ̤Ԩ
˵·;£µǲ֪ڸһУԣ㲻Ҫκεĸ
һϣ˲ųϷĿϢڴկС
Ķһոտ⣬ȥ˵µη
ֲ˵ϣһ߳ſһ߿ħͯ
ħǼһ־սʤ㡣
Ҳû뵽ȻսʤԼħҲΪߣٵѹħ
ħͯӴڽĶ棬ڲŵ˫ƺڿеĿ⡣
һڣ
Ļ
Ծֱ˵£ɶ
˳Ų·Ŀ϶İ˲С
ħͯҲ˼ǲǽùģζĿ⡣
ԣ˭Ҳû
ʱһ뿾˵׶ħͯڲԣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ȥ

1541 ܸ

1541  ܸ
ħͯŽģҪȥ
ӦܲµõSУ̫⡣
ֻΪνħͯǹغİΣ˾һħͯˣһ˰ˡ
ڿݹڶʮһһһУټĪǿмϵݣ飬򵥡
Խ뵽ˣԽ֪ΪʲôϼµĶʮһͣƫƫԺǽ߱һ
ŲĵĿħͯϣһѰѰ࣬ΪҪԸħͯݣҲҪΪĴڡ
ҪΪħͯ
ƺ˽ĵ£ħͯЦţЦļΡ
룬ֻϣΪһѰ꣬ԼĸĸΪѰ
ƽû̫۸ۣƺϰԼݣҲϰ˱ϵļ
ǿԣ˭˲밲ĵĻȥϢճҪҲᣬеƽ
ôССҪ춼׼Ϊħͯ
ĸܵħͯжĿǹâȴתɢ
ε̾һվϵĻҳת뿪
ʱܿĹȥˣתۼ㵽׼ѺħͯǰSеӡ
һ·ϱضΣڵǣҲ֪顣
˿ȣǰȵļϡ
ģһᱣġ
˰ɣؼʱԼԼɡ
İ˶һۣǴ֮壬վв㣬ӦʱĶħ
ڣѺħͯǰSеĳϣѾӦԵ׼
ʲôĵȻǲ١
ˣ׼
Ϊ˱಻Ҫ鷢ѺħֻͯˣһǶܸǡ
öĻ˵ܸǶǿû֮һүүҲ֪ܸǵΪжôǿ
ܸǸ𿪳ģͶĸ˸Ѻħͯ
õģƣᱻħͯǡ
κȴŽķ䣬Ҳ͵һЩħͯա
ϴŵִҲԵֵħͯħ
һΣձ·ǻᷢħϾħͯ⣬ĹؼڣҲǽ߱񽣵ý飬˵ҪСӦԲǡ
ȫװĳѾ뿪AеĽʻСʱ֮󣬽˵绰
绰УڵλǺƼסլλá
壬ôں
ⲻǴһô˸ա
ϴ˵绰˵һ¹ںƺͺ¸Ů˵飬ԲŻĴ绰һľ
ţںµڣ壬ҾպΪͽ⺢ʺܸߣǰѵһʡ
֮ǰľѾ绰˳ϣĿıóϺúõһº¡
ڿ֮󣬽ĸıԼĿΪںвܷӵߵļֵ
ļٵģ
һƭ㲻ɣȵЩ߰鶼֮պΪͽúý̵ʮ֤꣬ܿЧ
ĺͽ֤Ժµʺʹʮʱ䣬һЧ
УǵģӣѺħͯSС
ţҲ֪һ·ϻֶΣգֻһһˡ
ħͯĹؼϵǽ߱ý飬ǵȻ֪ħͯҪԣңԽ罫ħͯѺͻSԽãĿǰɻĻħͯһȡֶε·ɻʧ£ʱ޹֮˾͵òʧˡ
𳵣ˣԻľĸѺħͯ˽ҳSС
ҪСģˣһ飡
һ飬СԺʱͽ˵ˣǰڳ
ʲô¶
Ǹʹ顣
ʹϣбǸʹһЩϢ
ʼĵûжĳ룬ֱ鵽˵һöڤʹѰҵģ˳һҪܡ
ʲôܣ
Щʹǿʹֱ߱ӵĹ
˵ʱ򣬽˫оʾŽһҪСĴʹ
֮ĲޣʹѪԵ޹ʵĳ֣һҪСĲǡ
֪˺壬ҲҪСĲǣ壬ҵڤˣ
һκ뿪ΪȥѰڤ飬AУѲAҵڤ飿
ûУֻǸӦڤAУǱħΧ
˵̾һˣܲ
ϴ󣬹
ʱ绰һ˵ѸٹҶ˵绰ĵֻĻҲ˺ɫ
ģպ˵ѲڤAУ
Ӧðɣ
ڤ鲻ڤνҪĿİʦħͯѺͻSС
ǣһ仰ô˵ţƻûб仯졣
ո뿪AвСʱʱ䣬˱㱻һźɫħסȥ·
֮ħʮֵŨң͵·ǡ
ҵ찡ôŨħûгǧϰٵħҲٰʮˣ
ɫˣֺ޷ݳĺڰŨīһ㣬ɵøɸɾ
ǰ죬ȴܲһ˿һ⡣
ڳΧѾ˷䣬ħǿҲ޷Ʒ복С
Ǽڳš
ܸǿһ۽ĵˣ˳ֻ˺ڰ֮С
ǲе̫ˣ
˵ģĲϲܸǵ̬ȣŪԼүƵġ
ʹˣܸǱԸ񣬼үүҲˡ
εЦЦܸǵԸˣ˵ˣүүܸȻԼ⡣
Ȼʮӵʱ䣬ڳΧĺʧʧںڰеܸҲһγ֣Ѫ
ֻЩѪģǱնɱħ
ص֮ǰܸ˱ѪȾ·©
ܸǴ硭˧
ڿܸǶֵʱ򣬶ƷԼղ˵Ļүǣ˧
ǰ·ȻΣգҪСģһˣһ˼ǡ
һ仰ܸһ˼ǰSе·ϡ
ȥܸǴ磬Щİ
ҲܸϵһϹźľ޻Ƿҵҵܸϵͼںǹ졣
Բĳܸһͼڡ
֪ܸǴһصĲ䡣
˽Źܸǵ飬ܸǸĶ˵ĻֻרĵĿ
ܸǵݺܼ򵥣Ҳܸӡ
ҵֻ֪ܸһɽز壬ǸֻܵǶүӳƽģܸǵ˾Ƿ˶飬ò峤֮ڶ壬Լ˵İ
ǵĶãԣүܸ
֪ΪΣܾܸϵͼЩϤˡ
ˣˣǾ仰ҪǽħͯȫǵѺͻSУ֮ء

1542 Իʣ

1542 Իʣ
һʱ䣬ǿASмĳУΪ˱κķ˼ϢҲֻϾڳС
˯ŵĽڳ⣬棬űڸǵա
ڽĵߣҲ̧ͷûû
ģڿʲô
ħ
A뿪ʱħһֱǵĳԱߣȺźʱʱħͯ
𣡡
ڴʱһŭص֮䣬һκ˳Լڳ⾯Ŀܡ
ʱܸҲ˳һ̿˿Χ
ȥ
ܸǴ磬㲻ȺħӲذɣ
Ŀ˿ܸǣܸʱΪǿ֮һɼˣܸǻһδ޳˶ѣҪζԸѾ̤һħȡ
зӣ
ܸڳһЩֵɫĩǣЩɢɫâķĩȻγ֮˲γһ磬赲׷׳ħ
ԭˣ
ôһ¶ˣΪʲôܸδ磬ȴԶ˵ԭϵͼ
ǿʼڵ󷨣ܸȼԼͼڣȡ
ܸϵĹâԽŨңŽҲԽǿ󣬶ʱǵϮĶħʤ׷ΧڽΧͼħͯߣɱˡ
ô
ڽĵĻܸǲûлش𣬶Ǽ׼ͼڣǿЧ
ܸǴ磬ӦñҸٴȥ޷ɹϡ
ֻҪϣĸ˰ȫصSбɣ
ܸ֪һǶħΪǿǰǿģҪıǱǲʹη

̾һǰܸǵļϡ
ܸǴ磬ɲˣһȺħѣ
ڽĺܸ˵ʱֻһȻһڽ棬ʮ־ֶնɱħ
ֶονһ̣νһǿ󣬿ļһһ㶡
ħҪжħӣȺħǻΪһ̸Ǹˣ
˵ĲǱˣǵڽš
ŲħϢѰ˹
һһȭһħ
ûǵİˣ
ָָţǿѹܸǵ
ôȥܸǱضᱻͼʳֵá
ţôˣ
ˣССˣ
ϴŮҶ˵˶ٴˣѪݸ߹ѪС𣡡
СҲս֣СȻû˵ʲôԼжţԼҲʲôС񣬶ʹ
ڵС׺˵İ£ħܿ㱻ɾ
ԭΪһսôʤ֮ʱһŭһλص֮䣬˵ࡣ
һ㣬޴Ӱǰһ˫Ѫɫɢޱȵѹ
ССڽ磬Ȼڱǰ䣡
ѹ޷ݵĸоΪڽˡ
ΪĶˡ
ԣ
û뵽ʮһ;ȻԵĴڣһһԡ
޴ԿԵ̬֮䣬磬һĸֳΡ
Ƕ˵еô
һı鿴ǰȻѲǶĶ
ǲϹԣ
Űһ۵Ժֲ壬˵ԼʲôѪͳѪ
ҲΪԵĳ֣Ҳ鲻򵥡
ԲǶʮһͱе飡
ʱǰҿڿƲе֮ʱȻЦ
㣿
ʶ˵Իʡ
ǵھɽ֮УһΣգбԻʡ
ʱΪԼһѪ뿪ɽȣҪȻʱͱԻʻˡ
ô
ϤԻʵͷɫҲվڵϵĽģһĨ֮ɫС
㣿
Իʣ㲻úõôˣ
ĲЩ֣ԻƾԼѪΪôԵ̬һ˶ʮһͺȺħ䡣
ֻԻηԽһ£ҡһΪһɫĿӣ̤ƶߡ
СѾͷô
ԻôڶʮһͣԻҲŽΪλڶʮһ͡
˰
ҵĿԻʣô¶͵ھ֮мûɶ𰡣

1543 µļ

1543  µļ
㣿
ʼԻʻΪԼˡ
û뵽ǵǸСѾͷ
ȻأԻô
ԻʣҲ쳣ľȡ
Իôڶʮһͣ
¶˵
û¶˵£˵ˣôȺħһ𣿡
ǽΪһ㣬ԻʿǲһΪǿڣ˼һ𶼲ԻʵĶ֣òԼѪΪ뿪Ƿ֮أôԻʷǡ
ûȥֱԻôɡ

ʻԻ̾һ
˵ŵ뿪Ų֮顣
ȷȷʵʵԻͽĵ˽һ֮أ԰ĵԽĵѪҺʱձضΪ
ǣ˭֪ԪƾһŽһѪɢе鹦һ
Ҳ֪õʱ䣬һźɫС˳ǰҳŵֻҪȥʮһͰһЩ飬ԻʷΪ
ȻԻһʼţǺɫСóڤ顣
Ҫ֪ڤĴڲܹͬǽ磬Ҳܸ㹻ֻҪӵڤʱ䣬ԳΪ
ԻʵĻôһ¶
ô˵Իҵĵˣ
ǰûɫ˵Իʣ˫ֶż򣬷֮еЦԻʸܵ˼в
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һĨЦ⸡ڴǣԻеЦѾ˵һС
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Ի˼ôħҿ㻹Ⱥħ죬ѲҪħͯģ
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ܣѾͷΪѾȣֻһѪ飬˵ˣ֮ʲôûһǵһγ
ԻʸԼûɱ޹һγҲΪ˴ӶԷħͯѣûв롣
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õ˽һѪԻһλû̬ŽϵľһԼĸм֮ת
һΣվˣվһԵܸǶ˴۵СۣǰĻ档
֪Ĵڣǰʱ𾪸޷ݡ
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һһȭ˵Դϣֻ
һԵ΢΢üͷڽĶ˵Ų˵

1544 һȺ

1544 һȺ
ģŽ͵֮䡭¶
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ҲĲ֮ϸ΢ı仯ǴǴӶ
ұ֤뿪СԺʱ䣬һʲô顢
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СŬĻʱԼģأɫ۾Բ˿Žġ
УŽ˵壬ҲŽ㡣
С׺ϸĿŵʱһУĸǽһ𣬻ӿƬһһȫŹź͵ƺķ硣¡
Ϊ˭Ҳ˭ƴƣ˶ȶˣ֮Ͳˡ

ڽźѪιɬ
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С׻ɿ֣ŽϳʧУɫӸֳһĨɫ
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үһ仰λס޵ķÿԴۣ
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˵ţӸκȣΣκҲֻô϶·ߺ
˵ֻͣڣΪٽ󺣣ȣиʺϾסкܶ฻ѡ˾סڣС
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ò˵ʻǳʵģζ޷ݣˣ
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УҲ֪Ȼ
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üͷҪۣҡҡͷ

κȵĶûûˣϾȼٵģܵġ
ȵľٶѹȥŭ𣬶Ⱥˡ
׻˵úã·㲻ߣŴĳЩҲ֪ô¶ֻΪеǮΪʲôԽĿˡ
ɨˣжĺƵôȺؤ
վ˲֣ϸֳһĨЦ⡣
ԣȴͷͲС
λҸղû˵ʲô

1545 кϷ

1545 кϷ
ߵԱߣЦ۾ǰĸˡ
ĸһŮν˶һӦþǸӣŮһ߰ģ
ûԣûӾ͸ظһ飬֪ʲôĵطȺ˾Ӧùȥ˯ѣ
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κҪȴֹˡ
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Ϊ˱Ů쾭飬ԼŮܵ裬һԣ˲ˡ
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һ˲䣬ŮѪɼ˶ô
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ȺͶ֮Ĺϵ˶óҲ֪κȺ˻᲻ڵóӶˡ

1546 һ㣿

1546 һ㣿
ĺͶԶԶģһѪ
߶վǰһںüʮˣÿһ϶ɷı飬һ֪Ŷʲôˡ
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ȻߴҪΪܵһسӣô˵ǰܾܵô۸ˡ
ʲô֣ӲûˣʱӱҲҵš

δǰ˶־壬֮ϵЦݵúܣƺԵĲǼʮˣֻһЩ԰ĺӶѡ
УҼסˡ
ߴʾԼСһٶֻǰȭͷһȭȥ
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ʱƵľæ˹˼ʮˣΪ׵H׸ĶӸߴ
ߴҲ˾ƵľվվĸߴץסƵ꾭ĿȣҪ𣬸ǮС

Ƶ꾭ѹͲۿߴ͸ߴ׳ֵܶˣһ·СܵǰϥЦӭ
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ȣڰϸǵȰɣ
Ҹһȥ
κȵȻ֪ΪԼİȫ룬뿴£ȻԼûʲôãһһЩܼء
ʦãΪ룬ڰҲɣҪʱʱ̸̿ǾܣûΣա

1547 ׹Ĺ

1547 ׹Ĺ
ǰȣڰϸָ·˵İΣͽˣ
֣κȵԴ
գ˵Ȱ˵֮£κȵ˵ͷӦԼڰʱ̶Ż棬ָǰе·
˶Ϣһϣúõоһ¹Ĺĵͼ
ҹɫHУڴϲ֪ô˯˹ȥ
ΰ֮Уһֻڸա
˫ۣһ˫纣һıʯ˫ۣ纣һɫĳǰ˺Ŀ
ˣ
Ĳδκο־֮飬תſڴϿųǰˡ
㣬ѰҹĹô
ţֹҵô
ŽǷѰҹĹǷֹġ
ҡҡͷһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ûֹ㣬Ĺ󷨣ħ˹Ĺ֮жʧȥ㲻ô
˺ܳʵĸ߽ģĹΣգħȥ˶޷ƽ뿪ĹҪǰô
ҪĹеľ顣
ľ飬ĹУҪΣղܵõҪȥô
˵ĻᣬýĪĸоϤ
ǰˣβȴˣҧָѪ˵β
лл㣬
ѪҺβϵ˿֮ʱԭõ˿ھȻ漣һĿʼϡ
ʧȥɫʵƬҲµɢ˹âҹɫ֮ʮҫۡ
һ󺣷紵˵л֮ʧҲ˹
ͷô˯ˣղ˵ˣ
ŷֽ˯˹ȥź׹Ĺ顣
˯ô
ǸղʵһĻֻξô
ָ̧֣ϵһҧ֤˷ŵһηΡ
ģô
ŽĵĹѾҵˣźʲô֧ţ޷Ž롣
ǿнȥĻĹѨͻ̮ҵľһᱻһƬ֮£ʱҪھҵľĻǳ˵ε顣
ĹѨ˱ȻԼһ·ʱȥһң
ţ
ա
ģͶ˴ǱˮһҪܸǺúõտκȵİȫ
ʲôĴ˶ӸҶǷ֮ģܴ򣬴Ҹ𡣡
ܸǿһ۶ת뿪
СһЩһʱصĺ˵һҪ·ͨ
ǱˮĽľúǱŤȫ˵ġ֣
ͷ㳤ʭˣ

ԶΪףĶں棬һڶ˴ǰ롣
ĹѨںĺף˭Ҳ֪ôĹģĹں
һпƼ豸һȺͨͨǱ뺣УʱһҴҲ˹ϲǱκȺܸǡ
κȵˣԸڰߵȣܸŤκȣֻÿ˴˴
ĶͶִﺣ׹Ĺ
ģʦ֣ɵӡһҪƽ
УŽĺͶ˱ƣʾǰĹô󣬸һ׹ĹǽĹ
ƱǰѰҽĹڡ
ȻѲ˰Ȩ֮һԵǽҴһѨ˳ŶѨһֱΣ˺Ͷҵҵŵ㡣
棬ﾹȻܺ
ժ֣˿ΧֱԼ۾
һָоԽǳŶߣԽࡣ
ϻ
Ϊ˷ֹ⣬˻Ҫ֣Ͼ˭Ҳ֪ǽʲôҲǶԨĺ
ǰһţ
ָŲԶľͷһţʹĲʴɣǰȥţǧһ֮ʱֹˡ
ϣ
ȫװãĺͶһһҵվߣ
һ

ı֣ʱ򣬶һͬ˽
һ˲䣬ˮб޴ˮὫ˳ߣǽץסߵʯͷǱˮ嵽֪δȥˡ
գڸղûçײĿţҪȻ͹ˣ
ˮֹͣʱԽΪףš
ʮӵʱ䣬ڿһ΢Ĺâ
ôй⣿
ں׵ĹĹ֮У䲻
⣬ڽĺͶһֱţڣһƳˮ棬ˣǰĹâԭһſž޴ҹ顣
ҹ鱻Ƕһ׮׮޴ʯϣԶ˳ҹָķһš
鱦ǶɵģЩһĵطȽϺϵķ䣬׼ȷ˵ͼڡ
ȣЩͼ
ϴŵ豸ǿ˵ģźͶȻȻȥȻɵӣ⸹ڻЦ
ţ
յ˽ĵκŷҲźţܿĻ档
ʦ֣ȷųȥһˮ»ˣȥ̽һʲô
ùһС͵ˮ»ˣÿԴŵķ϶һˡ
ĴϣκȲٿŻĴ鿴š
ǲر⣬鱦ȥӦЩͷˣȵȣղźʲôһ
Ƕٶ̫죬Բ׽ٵݡ
κȵˮ΢ͻ˵ķ򣬵ϳֳһ˰Ů֮ʱ˶ȵԭء
ԭĴڡ
СһЩźˣӲѺã
Ѻô
ĪĳڹĹֲ˹ĹڲûһʱȺͺòˡ
⻹һš
ָָһţȻûʲô鱦Ƕӷ϶ӦûʲôΣա
ô֪ûΣգ
Լ
ľŵķ϶ˮʴѾ˸󶴣йâԿһеĲ塢
һƣʤľɶˮС
˵һľ֮ûκΣգӦֻһѰĹѨˡ
˵ﵽĹѨǹ
ĹѨĻҲ̫˰ɣ
ҪǹĻ˭ɵ˰Ľں¡
ûпһΪĳԭ˺زʧ˵˹
²ֿԣĺ˹һĻνĹĹǹˡ
˹ʲô
Ĳ˽ν˹Ϊ̾Ļų뺣׵ĳУ˹
пܣ
ɶôһ˵Ҳпܡ
ȣ˻쵽ʲôô
öʬ壡
ϣκǿŷθĳ嶯ٿŻǰУⷿĺ֮ʬ屻ǶǽԣǽںûˮһֱҲûκαˮʴĺۼ
СһЩ
ʾⶫҵǾͣʣ·ǰС

1548 

1548 
СһЩЩ
ĴϣκȲٿˮ΢ͻ̽ǰ·
֪˼ʲô
ţ
ĹҵĲûţĻΨнǰǽ顣
ǽֻбһ㣬˺֮£˽
κ˵һĹΧʬ壬ѾΪ˰׹ǣǶǽߣҵģ޷ݣΪ˸ʬѿĳЩʬ屻Ƕǽ֮ʱʹࡣ
⣬ôһ¶
ļĳ棬θһĲʡ
ûܸ⣬ڣ˵ֻвϵǰн
ڣʮӵʱ䣬谵֮ǰǰһš
ʵʵĶǰˮ΢ͻҲ޷ŵһ࿱졣
ȣʲôλã
ĹһĹҵľ룬ҿһ·ôߡ
κȿŵͼϵıעƶľ롣
ֻнǰĹңܵĹңȵȣ
κ˵ôĹҵʱ򣬷Ļ̽⵽δ֪
ǰж
̽ͼӦˡ
ôǰʯ֮ʱֵǣʯžȻԼĴ򿪡
ûļˮʯŻ֮һյյɫȼĹѨ
ǰһĻĻʱ򣬼ǽҲɵõһ
ô
Ѿ޷ʱ˿̵Ļֻܾ㵵ĵɴ˫ۡ
ǰĹѨô˭Ҳ֪ĹѨΪʲôôĿռ䣬ĿĹѨϷһһʬǱյĵĹѨڡ
ЩĺûҲмǧһƬ
е£
ǿѹθʵĸоָָԶ̨ϵˡ
иá
˵ʱ򣬽һ£ʯһɫ˫ۣɫĳ
ⲻô
ˡ
Ȼ֪Ļ֣˻ڴ˴
ʶ
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ģ
ظŽ֣һĨº͵Ц⸡ڴǡ
ҽкƬһ峤ҲƬһˡ
Ѿ˽ĵߣ֣޳ָ⴩˽ĵĳʯһɫ˫֮
Ϊ콪ԼѪ˻ָڽģûκεĶ⣬֮һĪĺøС
Ȼ˵˽мΪ˵Ե֣˾ԼڼǰͼһѰϢ֡
߰ɣȻõľ飬ұȥ
ǰʾ⽪˸ǰȥѰľ顣
ô
ʾɣȻһμ˱Ƚ˷ܣĻ֮£Ӧ˵Ļô
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ȸ˺ĽŲ󣬶ͶҲ׷ȥ
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ǹ
ӺĿУ֤ԼĲ²⣬һ
ǣһĹںܾúܾǰһƬ½ǷĶǡ
˵ǰ飬õʷʱ顣
ڲ֪һʮַĹҡ
ҵľսܵǵİƬĳб㽨ںĺ֮ϣһƬ١
ʱȥˣһս˺ѣĹ˾ദ֮£మˡ
Ǵе尺ĹĻʵ۹Ҹ
ǣһѽˡ
˳֣ҪĹĻʵȻԼİŮ˳ΪļƷΪˣԸԿ
վСģܺǿݡ
գˣۼ˹ɱĻʵ׼Լ꣬ħΪħԿ
Ǿ֮ѡ֮ӣħħǿƻ
ǿҲ˲صĴۣһѪɱ˿ħΪħ֮󣬼ɱҵİա
幫֪ΪԼԭ˶ôգ幫Ծʬ֮С
Ϊ˳ͷΪ㽫д뺣ҷӡʵóС
򱻸غĹѨ뿪󣬷ܵ췣
Ⱥɵĺ¶
źĹ£üͷ
ڶʮһͻڱ磬ûɹ¶һһȱµ¶ۼԳ漸ˡ
ػŹĹʣһˣҶʧˣƳӡ뿪»ص˼񡣡
˵仰ʱĿһֱŽġ
֪Լֻܽһеϣڽϡ
ҵǲȻĹзӡħ壬ΪľҲУ
ýĺһ㣬ľôںĹѨĹС
һħкܴĹϵ
ʱ򣬺Ҳ֪ԼӦʲôˡ
ľ飬ĵطǲľۼ֮ǰɭѰӣľ֮ӵǿ˶ħ
ľԭһΪ·Ĵ˳ľǵʱһҪΪ˾ԼİŮˣΪħΡ
ԣڳľ̤֮ħӵԿ
ԭˣ
ôһ˵һеǿ˵ͨˡ
񡣡
ߵһ֮ǰͣ˽Ųתһοġ
ǿԵĻľ֮󣬽׹˰ɡ
̫̫֮ԩ꣬껹޹꣬Ƕڹǧʱ⡣
ǿԵģϣܳЩ꣬ǽֻ֮С
֪˼İɣһᾡܡ
ã
нһ仰ͷˡ
ƿĹҵһʯţһѪȵζ֮䣬̲סŻ
ŨҵѪζڿյĹѨ֮Уֻһ餳ڼǰ
ľڹ֮ô
ţҲӡڹ֮С
֮⣬ҪõľĻֻд򿪹餣򿪹֮󱻷ӡߵħһḴʱ޷һս
ʦ֣˳ȥң
һģҲȻһ򣡡
ǲ뿪ģδͷһΣգ֮ĲٻܰһЩæġ

1549 ջҵ֮

1549  ջҵ֮
˵öԣһģʱǶôһΣա
ЦţӱóһذףذǶ洫Կһаħ
ֻʱĴݲУذѾأǶЩõġ
ðɣһʲôɱΣշ볷ˣ
ţ
ǰΧŹһȦȻЩ˵ֱʡ
ܵķӡֻ˲̻ܿ
Ҫ򿪹餷ӡˡ
һ۶Ͷ󣬽˫ֽӡ˷ӡ
ӡ⿪һ˲䣬һһħӹвϵķӿϢѹġ
˽⣬һ˶ħҪӵеѰ󲻵ġ
Ϊ˾ױǽڤ֮У޳ħ
ϣбӡûزԵΣղɹ
ǡ
һŨҵħص˶ߡ
һ餵ըѿʯϵܱŷţؼ֮ʱץסβͽϵһԣű˱餵ʯ
˼ʶ
ɿץסβ͵֣ʱħŨ
Ͷ࣬һеٮٮߣɱϾǿħǻܵӰġ
𶯣
ʾ⺮ԭأҪȥȶͶ
ħħͯͬΧħֱӵ¶Ͷþ޷԰Ρ
ǰߣǶұʦ֣
΢ͻ˲֪ʱڽǰκȲٿŻ˰ѰҵڰеĶͶ
ʱѾڻþ޷˭Ҳ֪ڻþпʲô˴ӻþгĻǱС
һһڶͶϣԼѪͿĨϣͼ̼ŶˣǴӻþлصʵ
ȻŴʮ֮󣬱þ±˫۵Ķ󽥽ָѣϵʹ֮⣬˾ʹ
ͷôˣ
֮˿ܣһ仰
ǸղűþĿˡ
˷Ļ涼ǻþǱħԨϵҲ֪ʱɢڵϣ
ûв´ĻȻΪڷŻþеһԼһ
ŷȥܣСһЩ
ڽĵİ£Ͷ󽫷ĹѨܣܱʱۿɼħ࣬ħΧŵҲǰ
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ڣһһ仰ӿкХħü
ûˢˡ
أмǧˡ
ڲˢˢ⡣
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ĿӡôãټǿԹΪѾﵽ˰ħĵز
ǿдľĻֱ췽ҹ̷
һ죡
ͶһǿƷݺݵײĹѨʯϡ
̧׼ɱĵʱ򣬺һǰ˽ǰ
ꡭ
һѪӿֱۼǷˣɼжôǿ
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Ҫɶѵ߹Ǵʹ쳣
ˣ˺ݺݵײĹѨǽϣһͻļ̴̴СȣѪסš
ߣҪľ飬Ҳ䣡
³һ˫һ
ôˣؼˡ
޷ݵԹޣҲ֪ǰѾΪħҪ뿪ĹѨȥ屨
üͷĿһ۵ڵϵĶԼˣҲûбķˡ
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۲һ룬ȴһ˫۾һŵı鿴ǰĽġ
ΪΣ˭
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ǵһο״̬Ľġ
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Ϊϵѹƣðħ״̬־壬ϥ˽ǰ
𣡡
ӵаħѪֻԼΪӡĹϵʹǹغȫʱʱƳӡ
Ȼʱ˶ƲΣĻطԼħ״̬
֪ħɣľ齻ңǰһУΪԴﵽħľ磬Ⱥ൱гˡ
ħħ֮вġ
ѪħħҲǴŲ졣
ͺñȴʱ˿̵Ľĺ
һħһ׳Լİħ
֪һ뿪ľ飬ΪۿۣҪ֪һ飬ľ˵ѾûˣȺҲӦ
֮鶯֪֮Լľ֮ȥڤУ뿪ڤ֮ӵбڸΪǿУȻȥ
ң֪Щһţԣ൱˵
Σ
ݵ˼֮վһִԼ࣬ӲĽľ˳ֶ֮ѪȿĽֱ졣
Լµȥ֡
ľ顣
ľ˫ַϣǿŷθĳ嶯ľС
˵ڤ֮ȥ̫ӵˣ˵ǽǵġ
ĽһЩ֮ħһǰڤĴš
Žߵ֮󣬱ת˴ʧǰ
ʧһ˲䣬
ͷ
ģ
û¶
򵥵ļ֣ȴǶ϶˵˳
ڵϣڴڵĺŲʵĿ
ģôˣ
ڵϵĻֵ̌ûˣʹʱ򼸺ƿţҿǰڤҲķ˴ħ΢ôһʱ䣬֧ȥ
뿪ɣ
һ۽ģΪǱˮŽ뿪˺ĹѨ͵һİߡ
л㡣
Ҫȥ
ժͷڰߣź
ҡҡͷԼδȥЩã
֪ôջҵ֮ǵôӦҵ顣
һ۽ģǱ˺ʧ
ʮ֮һҴ󴬳֣κȸǱˮϵĶλźҵں̲˯˵Ľġ

1550 

1550 
صƵ֮󣬽ϴ˸裬˯һһҹʱ
Ϊʹǿпħ״̬Կ˵ģڽĵЩӦԲ
ƺ׽˫ѹ¿ݲѹ֮ȫµÿһ
˯Уһο˺
ֻʱ˿̵ĺںţȻ֪ǰʲô֪ȴδʲôǣж˶ļ֪ԼӦûӡ
ʱѾǵڶˣĸŴһ˺׵ĹѨ
˾ħĹѨࡣ
֮ǰӦĹѨٵҳĹѨ֮еꡣ
к͵үȥȽס
ϦĹâ£ֻһɫĹâӺƯ˰ʧ
û֪ȺǷãҲû˹ЩѾȥǷ˵
綯ֻǴӦЩ곬ȶѣȥδԼûκιϵˡ
ģЩô
κȶһȵ࣬ߡ
ǰɢԭʼζİ࣬Ŀ˿κȣûѼ
ǵڵʱǱĩϲԵĶɾǴѼ
һΣȻѾôõʱ䣡
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣǰϵ˸ŴǰĻ档
κҡҡͷ
˵ûѼԵС̲ˣոջָԣ
ȣҲҪԣ㿴Ҳˣ
뽪һĲκȺܸǣϵĶͶ
һ߹ˣһˣÿһʱ޷ԭ
УĳŰС̲ˣЦŶͶˡ
ͷôЦе㡭ҿ࣬ɱʲôǷ֮롣
ץסԼ½½Ķʲôݡ޲
Ƿ֮룿ҵúǷ֮룬Ҫһԣ
ٺ٣ҾǿЦѣͷ㿴㣬զˣ
ڨЦţ嶯һκߣͷκȵ˫ȣǽһ̹
ȣˣҲԺóԵġ
ģȥˣ
Ȱűϼôǰĵԡ
˵ͲͷȥˣȥںЩ鱦ʲôģһ롣
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֪ĹѨ֮жٽƱ֮֮ݶΪ
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ͽּۻۡ
Уֳɣ˵Щ豸ǶҳʣûҵĻͶżҴү͹ˣ
ͷҲ̫ˣ
ÿÿ漰ǮϣͶܻΪżүͶү
Ҳϰˡ
겻ģϴӦ˺ĹѨıȷ֣ʵϹ֪ô֡
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ô죬Ѿˣ
˵ʱ򣬽ĵֻ
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壬ڵڶУİ칫ôSô
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Ƶеĳ϶Ų豭ƵЦⲼ˫ۡ
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ҵľ飬ˣǻҵǧ걦أ
˫ֶżЦеЦųϣһ˵ͷǱƺһжڼƻ֮вûж⣬еĻҲֻۣ뺣ױԵ
壬ҵڤô
ûУҲ֪ôˣ뿪֮ڤϢҲʧˣ
˵AеAѾûʲôħˣӳϿ쵼Ѻħ֮ͯʱ飬²⵽ļֿԡ
ģһҪӦ壬Բںˡ
ãұ֤ȼڽǼͻȥԲ
Ž֤Ƿһ֮󣬹Ҷ˵绰
һߣڶУУڣֻݺݵϣһĨɫϡ
ʦ֪׹ĹΣأΪʲôҪĸǰȥ
ΪʦȻԼļƻ˵ʦҲռˣĸΨһϣ
̾һµҲˡ
κȣͽĸΨһϣ
Ȼ˵ʼĸ˿ûʲôȻϵɽأĸ˾һ
ʦռеĻһţֻҪĸĺһֹ߱ĵ
ʦѹͲ֪ԣ
ݺݵ³һ߳Ϲڽĵ顣
Ҳ֪һЩģǣЩ´ӽ˵ǻ˰һ
ʦˣϹħͽֻҪһ֣գ֮ʮˣ
仰пĳɷ֣߱Ҳڻ֮Ȣʮ˵
ʵˣˣʱҪٵĺ߱ĵء
룬߱ʱ򻹿ƴһվ˵ʱսȻ޴档
ʦ֪ϵ˵İΣӦңʲôֱӸ߽ģҪˣֶΡ
£ת뿪Уңֻ³һϣŲ豭˳˼֮С
ΪʦϵȻӣǹغΣСҲô
أһĨЦ⸡ڴǣϻطеĲ豭վŴľɫ
ֻҪܾ磬ֺη
̲ȼپƵꡣ
ʮļںܿ͹ȥ˴룬ʱ䣬һֱˡ
ճ˵˵úأûһǸָģټһ߹һȡ
һϻ˵úã˽һ졣
ڽĵУʮʱ䣬˱ָ߰˰ˣΪ˿ڸõϣԾҪϡ
ͷ͸㻹ʲôİɣ
ԽĵĳݸŨң֪Լ˵жأڽĵֻشҽ£Ȭˡ
ϵĶˣµĿŽġ
Ұ
ʼ磬ʣµҩͰ棬Ҹ߾Ƶ꾭ץҩܶһݲһݣҩʼĵSСԺ
SûвҩֻЩҩúõҩݣ鷳
ٺ٣ҪҪһҵհ
Ǹʲôθеۣ߹ֶˣ
ҲǣôͻȻء
붫һ˵˸뿪

1551 Ѫţ

1551 Ѫţ
ڽĵĳգ˿ᵽֵĺ塣
ģûϴҺ˹Ůˣĸң
ǷסСԺĵʱ䡣
ȳȥɹеҲöˣľ˵ԡ
ôǺ˱ɵɳϵƷĵĳա
ɵĶһӲ֪ʲôݵ״ڶǰʱζ˻ʵζ֮Ͷ
κζˣթӶԼȥ·֮£ֻóһڡ
ʱôģһʺһСҲɣ
ڻˣһСҲЩҪ
ȼʱͶȥҽԺҽĽʳж
Դ֮󣬳˽Ͻ̤ĵطȥһˮҲС
Ŷ˽ʧеӰİ˶Ͷһ
ôȻжʱ䲻³ˣĶζ˲١
ģܲ³ô۳
ε̾һʱǸҵģںһ
ˣ
ǹȥˣֻҪĽʲô¶˵
ʮļںܿͽˣܸǿĸ뿪HУصSеʱѾǵڶˡ
ԭܹĻһһ֣ܸһ裬Ҳ͵ʱ䡣
صСԺʱĲûпСס
ź͵϶űǴһ
ôˣСأ
˵Ҫصö࣬Ҫ֪Ѫڤ񣬵¶
ˡ
һţںӽ˽ġ
ˮ飡
ô¶
뿪ʮ췢ʲô飬ӵˮôûˣ
ͲӦǸˣȻǺö
ʹ뿪СԺ֮齲
뿪֮Сһһҵ˺ӡ
Ų˲ԾС˺ӣȻ䣬һȺʹСԺС
Ϊ˶غӣҲս˵жʹ
գɱ֮£ſ˴У˺ӣʹϵˮҲСˡ
Сˮ飿
İ˫˿֮еɫΪΡ
ţû뵽ǼһﾹȻͻָ˼䣬һϢߺӣģ
һһԵĵߣһ˫ɫӸһĨ֮ɫ
ˮѾˣͱˣˣ㿴˿ֱˣ
øŴűѵ˿ڣʮֵᡣ
ҲΪİɡ
İѺӷ˲輸ϣĿŴ˿ڵĵϡ
ţӶ˵ûʲôֵˡ
˵ʱûпŽģĿţָʲôȻˡ
ӣʲôã
֮һ£ĶһɫĺӣֻҪ򿪺ӣܵõһǿɱɱħ¡
˵ŹںӵĹ£ϵݺͽǴӳϿе֪޼Ǹˡ
Ȼء
ûȻȺʹҪߺеǵĵˣԼǵĿֻҪӵô֮
ɴһᣬźһŵӣӦ֪Ҫ˵Щˡ
ˮ飬飬ľ飬ˮ鱻ʹˣĽľǶ˺ϣҽ˶ܿõĵط
û뵽ʮʱ䣬߸š
˵ţЦɳϿǰļˡ
κȣź͵
ʵ֪С׻ָ˼䣬Ҳ֪С׽ӽԼĿĵģΪʱദ֮УССԺˡ
ˣվɣȥԿ
׼Ⱦƣ
УģȾƣ
СΪĬĲ
ϵʱСԺտ̯ĸź͵˵ʱں̲Ƶ귢顣
˵ħԿʱֱ
̸ȵģڽȺ˵ôȱµ¶ͿȺ˳ˣһȺòȻαӡ
仰ͬҾˣȺǲǳԱ˳ŵû¶ɣҪɢ顣ˣһԼڽݵ񡣡
ڽа壬岢ڽ硣
ֻڽһȺ
ȷĻеһŵ񾳵ߣ˲ÿһ˶ʸ̤ĻǶ֮Ĳ
һô꣬ɵЩ¶ûгǧҲϰ٣е˸ǲ
ΪڽţӴԩ飬κֻ֮ǰȴǰ¡
еҲ޲Թ̫
˵һ㣬˵Ŀ׷תŵϡ
Ž㣬κŵǸô
κţ񻰹д˵źڿȫͬ
Ͳ֪˰ɣ
һƿơƣ򿪸Ӷƿ˹һƿơƺȹ֮渵
Ҹ˵ǧϷΪڽ磬ڽ͵ڽ磬ڽĴУأڽ飬ǵڽһ塣
Ÿ˵ţΪŲһˣǵڽһȺ֮һ
һڵڽڵʱϣڽİΣԼ
񻰹е飬Ƕ׫ģͺˣ
ô˵ŻŵһһǸģǸˡ
УһŮӶǣӶǿʲô
ʸ⣡
ƺ˼˰죬ôҲ벻ף
ʲô⣡
ڽźѪĺӣǶħ
ܾþᡣ
ǵôͷ˵ʲô岻׼ħ壬кý
Ų壬Ҳ壬źѪĺʲôƷ֣
żѪѪţ
Ųڰ㴩͸ԣ
ǩвŶҪٸ˵СС
˵˵ЦЦտϰүү̵룬ĻصСԺ
ʱһӰվڽֽǣ˽ʧеӰ
Ƶĵƹ£һ˫޴ĳ򻺻ľһһʹϥڵϣ˴ʹС׵
Ѿõ֡
ʹ˫ַϣǽķСԺеĺӡ
߰ɣ
ʹתù֮תȥ
صСԺ˿ųĴţԼԭźӴʱȴտҲ̨˱˴˶˭͵˺ӡ
ѾС׻ˣϧ

1552 Сһ

1552  Сһ
ڶУᡣ
ȼٹҲý˼ѧҵϡ
ɲɣĸ˻ʱ򣬸¿
κǱ׼ѧԣֻҪ㿴飬ԾϵĿһĿȻ
ͽȴ˵㿴飬Ǳ鱾һ꣬˵ĳɼվȶϹ
칫ңĳĽŽĶӦúκȺúõѧһѧҪܰ˼ڱĵط
ȻǲѰѧУǿҵҪڼߵˮƽϡ
֪Ž㣬һúѧϰġ
һʮѧǽаΪŽ㣬վŽǰĺͶԵһʡ
Ҳ֪ô¶ħֽĶ£Žǰֻбķݶ
뿪˰칫ңű˴˾ϵķ
ͷˣ⼸οԶף
һڶЦҵһأ
İ˶һۣҲ˼ЦԼҪΪûĿЩŤķʲô˼öڶ
ӽ쿪ʼ벹Σ
֪ʱڶǰκһ۶˾ϵķĶڵѪ
˵ģɣҲɶԼѡ⡣
Ĵеȷ𰸣Ҳòȥ
Ҫ˰ɣ
ĶһݣĲ벹Σǧ˰ٸħҲ롣
Ч
Ƕڣ
ʱȱһǰ˿Ķκˣʾ˸Լȥѧᣬ¶Ҫ˵
ٺ٣ˣ

κϢ̾˼Ÿΰ˵ѧϰɼȥ
Ŀǰ״⽫һ޵
ѧᡣ
ѧ˶֮⻹мˣЩ˶ѧУĹǸɣҲʮӵܡ
ĶκڹѧԱ
ʦ֣ɶ¶ôصģ
һѧᣬ㽫ĵƹڶŵ֮ĻϳӰ
ǿ
ָĻϵļˣЩ˻켣Ⱥ֮УٶȻѰûʲô𣬿ɲ԰׵ɫ˺һеɫ
ôˣѲ⼸˻Ǵͣʬܳʬ塣
˵ˣ
˵ͷϵļϢ˳ÿһ˵Ϣ϶ʾ
ɣʬ壿
ֲɫһѪɫûС
ЩǴҽԺԼܳʬ壬Ӧ׼ȥ𻨣ͣʬĹ˵ʬ岻ɣǰһĻĻ档
ǽʬ꣬˵
˲ٿʬ塣
ȷĴ𰸣Ѿ˽һЩЩ黹Ǵã֮С
ͺñȣٿʬʲôطΪʲôҪٿЩʬ壬Ŀʲô
ԣʦʲô
Ŷȣ¶ó˰ŶΪץסܵʬ壬ҵٿʬˡ
һ۽ģԼֻǰ
ʬ壬ҲҲٿʬˣĿֻһ
ɶ
⺢Ӷ󣿡
ֻϵƬһֻһСӣСӳúǿɰЦġ
ɶ˼û̫
ǲĿŶ󣬸ǿСӵƬʲô
Ŀ꣬⺢ӵƣһεܼ򵥣ֻҪǱźʮʱ䡣ȵҵҵ˺Զ
Сӣǣ˵پһôеɰ
ǲ׶⻰ʲô˼һһףЩһе˲⡣
ϵ˼ʮ׼ҵĺ
˵ŹСӵϢ
Сӽ׼ҵĺ
Hжȼٵʱ䣬SҲ˲С飬׼Ϊ˱ҪĶȫԱֻʣһЩ档
ң⺢⣬ħҲռ⺢ӵ塣
׼ѾӣʮбҪ汣׼ҵѪ
ǳȥҲǰ취ֻҵСӵߣ⺢ʣħҲ
Ҳ˵ĶκҪѰʱúõرСӲ˺
šǿԣûչ˺ӵľ鰡
̯˫֣ʾԼûӣԺԼĺӡ
ĻΪίʲôǣڿֻչһӣֻҪҵΪĺɡ
˸øǮҲӦø
ʦ֣׻˵úãֵˡ
ǮѾȥˣ
Ĳڣ˫۾֪Ůʲô
Ȼֻʱ򣬶Ϣ죬ǽ
һ£ʱҪȥFУʲô鴦õģֱҺҳϡ
ʲôȥ
Ŷ󣬷ʲô飬ҪҪȥæ
ҵ顣
̾һû˵ȥFеԭֻҪʱͺˣֿԻصСԺԼ޾ӡ
ڶ죬컹뿪СԺ
ȵʱ򣬶ҵСԺұһһСӡ
׼ҵСһôúÿɰ
۾ͷһĿɰ˫۾ͺʯһ
綫˵һ⺢ӵƺ⣬壬ұų绹ҪĶࡣ
С㣬κС㣬үСӾͽˣ
˵ţҵ˦جһŶȥֻʣ·űϵһЩӤƷ
ô
һ۲ֻĶˣǰС
һǵһηСôɰ
С꣬Ȼ䷺⺢ӳǿɰĽҧģǿɰ
и磡
Сһﱻţ۾գգ͵Ŀǰˣûκο־ģ֮ڿŶʱ۵һ˿ǵ
û
ŰɣСһƺϲ㣡
ƺǷǳϲ
κȴӶнӹСһڻжŪš

һЦص˶ߣСһЦıжôĿģֺСκȵհһڡ
ȻȱСһϲκȡ
ιСȻϱ
ˣ죬ȻһСƨǰУԴˣ
˵ţǰҪκȣһʧƽ⣬ȴκһ߿
Ѷ
ιδУаŶʱ䲻ôѺӶˣ
մ㿴κȻбŵСӣǰ֮ʱڸܵǺϵϢɵúһ
ôӡ
ϣħȻ֪ӣ
ڵһƿơƣ˵һۣĿСһϡ
壬û뵽ȻڶʮһͿߣ
˵һϵµĶʮһ;Ȼִߣɼϡ̶ȡ

1553 ͷ

1553  ͷ
ʦְտ죬ģ
˵ˣûн飬ûѣôԼӡ
Сһô
˿Сһֿ˿ƺҵʲôһκȻаСߵߡ
һôɰСһ
ÿӺܲϲСһϵϢ
壬Կħаһħռ壬ǽǾ޴в
žһСһֺСִ˶ϣκ˫֡
һĻЦǰ󷭡
СһѹͲϲ㣬
ˣСһˣ
κ۵ıСһƺˣſȵĻвñ˯˹ȥ
ΪӭСһ׼һ䣬ӤӤʲôһӦȫ
ȽСһӤУ˳˷䡣
һͿĳʲôȥˣ
֪ʦֻ˵ȥFаЩ飬⺢չһʱ䡣
סǣǣ
ǿĵôʣǣ㣬κˣûŶˡ
һԺסŵģʲôҡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣӱóһƿϣҲźһƿɳһԾ˹ȥ
ڵذϵʱ򣬷˵졣
ƽ棬ѹͲںɾڶ˫غ󲻾ãŵӤһ
ɶˣ
ǲɵʦչ˵׼Сһﰡ
κôһ˵Ӥ˯˵С
ȻСһﱻˣֻ·ѡ
Сһ޵ǽһκȱСһﰲ˺þƽ
ҵ찡ô˰Сʱ
Ŷ䣬һһصڶߣǰֱðǡ
СһͬⱻȺ˯ˣ֮£ŵɳϣԼŸƨСһѡ
СӶô
֪ûӡ
ҡҡͷʾԼôչСӡ
һ˸ˣǱҪѧ
ľ뿪СԺڵˣСһֲܷСһһڼҡ
ô˵⺢ֻһ꣬߶߲ȡ
ô죿
ô죬͵Уﱻ
Ҳֻ취ˣ
ȥϿΣСһУ칫ңóտš
˵ţĽӤ˶ϣСһڱУһǰѧУ
һӤ˵൱˵Ŀ⡣
뿪СԺ˹ٵѧУĿһСǻţ·⺢ӵ˭ĺӡ
˵ڶУУңպȲĳϣԼڹڱк̵СӤһ𽻸˳ϡ
ȳ˵ʲôת뿪ֻʣ³ϺСӤ㿴ҿ㡣
Ӧû¶ɣ϶ǵүүˣӦչСӵľ顣
Уһеģ
˰ȥϿΣСӤ˳չˣⲻ֪Ϊֹǹһ˵չСӣԼչ˲á
ϣСһ￴ųϣҧһϣһ˫С֣ľĺӡ
ϣۣס֣
϶ԼĺӿǰϧĺܣֹСһľٶո£㿴Сһ۵׵ˮˢһӷӿϣ۵һ˳
Ӥŵò֪ĳϻˣһδǰԼĺӷСһС
˱ˣקˣ
òװϷѧĶκУҽСһ
ߵ鷢ûڣֻƿţһҪУڵһ
У˰ɣ
һӦ˯ˣ
չһСһ۵̱˯ڵϣʱ˿̵ĳϲ֪ԼͱСһżǺűʻ߰㡣
ǿУĺӣ
Ӷе֪УԼĺˣƽ涼ҪúõĺǻϸĵĴУıȴ߰㣬ҲǳСһ֮֡
ϽİʲôУѹǶ˵ô
κȱСһû뿪Уҡ
ѧУСԺһ·ϣҲܾĿ
ߴ绰˵ǹƭӤĻˣü˵֤Լס
˼СԺʱһӰǰ
¹֮£һ˫׵ĳڰУ䡣
ѺӸңҿԱ֤İȫ
˵ĲǱˣСף
׼ȷ˵Ĵʹ
ȣϳԻòã
Եǻը档
Ⱦƣ
ʲôƣô
εĿһ۽ģСһӴʹСԺС
źվŵĴʹѾǵСףȻ֪Ҳõ⺢ӵĿʲôбߺӣˡ
ҹɫSС
ϵʱ򣬶˵绰ѯСһ顣
İɣСһУκҲ˺
⻰ôŲأ
κȰ˶һۣ˵绰֪һжãõġ
СһرԵ
绰һߣڵ֪Сһƽ֮󶫷ҲͷˣһҪˡ
һҪע㣬⺢Ӵŵ磬˶ˡ
ûаɣСһҲţҲûиоκβʰ
עһЩУ¶ȹ˹
Ҷ˵绰ЩƷʲôһ
ʲôζô
żȣʵһɳζԼĽţζ
ˣ˵ôôأ
ڵ̺ŻľСһﰲĶţһ˫۾գգ͵Ŀκȡ
ۡ
Сһ۵˼ʺκȱСһｻԼصӤȥʪ
ȸСϴɾҸҿӣ
ҡҸϴɾ
Ĳ鲻ԸɱϾȷ˻ҲֻӲͷƤСһﻻʪ
ҵ찡ó
ǿŷθĳ嶯С·ȫմεʪӵͰҽСһԡС
ˣ
ҵ˸ɾ·ӣűԡеСһִ˶ϡ
ôԴСӵģԡ׶Ҫˮ
Ŷ
ȸСһϴ裬ͶһԿš
ĳӣҿŵϲŵţ˵ƵҲ֣ѹһҪȫ
ˣʹΪʲôҲõСһ
İ˻ʹ˵һ飬һྐྵһ߿ӵĵ˼Ƭ̣˵ԼĲ²⡣
ΪСһƿԿħȺ⺢ǣƶħɣ
Ҳֻ²ܽ͵ͨȺ˵Ŀġ
ԡҪ˵һ벻⺢ǸѪɣ
ʮ׼ҵĺӣǸѪĸǽ𷢱۵ˣԽԽòԾ

1554 ô

1554 ô
ôһ˵Ҳʲô¶һ
ħǲǺʹ
ŵǲǶʹһֱܵķС
ʲôħħҿɺȺµѪһƺΪ߹Ѫ
ͷϽ˵
û͵ЦҪȷһ飬ԡҡ
ԡУڸСһϴ裬һԵĶ߶ŪСһСһƺѹʹֻźѽѽЦš
ҿɲˣ˵Ѿˣ
ԡңԡлһڵľ󣬵ˣ̤ǵʱ򣬿Сһһ⣬Ҳ˽²顣
ڻСʹ׼Һĺӣ
ųֿܡ
ǽġ
СһȻǺڷͫģ˵˵òټЩֵϢ˻ɡ
ĺһǲʹԤı
ԽԽˣ޷͸ǧ֮һ
ա
ӤǰѧУ
ԭ׼СһｻиУܣ˭֪Уš
ô
˵УСһڵϵͷҲ뵽Уı顣
ô죿
ô죿
ĿŶκȣܴܲźѧɡ
ô죡
ĸδ˸绰٣һʼţ֪κȱŵС׼˵ļ١
صˣģĿĵ̳֮УһЩӾõ̷ۡ
㿴ô
һ̷ۣʾҪ̷۰ɣӴ˵ҼǮҲ
ǲϹд̷ۣҪӤ׶̷ۡ
ûӣҲ֪ʲô׶κʲô̷ۡ
ѡ˼ӣȸ˻ȥ
Ļ˵СҪõ̷Ҫǧϸѡʲôʲô˶У֮ĺͶ
գ߱Ӥ˫ŴСӤƷһ뿪̳
ٻȥ··˹԰԰ϴүϴͽҲϤϾһܼҹ㳡衣
Сһʱûˣ
ǰͽĴкһʱ䲻ġ
裬þòˣ
ļҳָоر̤ʵ
ϣ⺢ӳÿÿһ
עСһϣ˿ֿ˿κȣҲ²ʲô
ӳ裬Ư
裬ˣѼҵĺӣտ졣
κæСģһԵĶһֱٺٵɵЦţǱڻʲôĻһ
һᣬ˻صСԺУʱСһѾ˯ˡ
ź͵ɳϿſֲƬ
ɻֲֿڣҲͬһʱ̿ţŵĵһӴܵŵĻο
ѾѪֲƬѣô
½½Žŵĵһ
ңǱŵˡ
ЩεĴŵĻһ۽ֿ˿
̿ˣ
ǣûڰ칫ңҲչСһˣֻúʦˣ
ĽûȥϿεɣĳЦˣǳϹǲǡ
˵⺢ҲһֱСԺɣǼһʲôʱ
֪
ҡҡͷҲ֪ʲôʱȻһֱչСһɻϣ󾡿Сһҵʵľס֮ء
ҹɫУ˾Գſ⣬СһһԵӤȥ
˵һӤСһײӽϣ۵ỨֱӶ
ۡ
ΪʹСһ۵һһĶκź͵ֻоȫһɵӽŵֱͷġ
Ǹо޷ݡ
ڡᵽ׽ʱʹ࣡
ſˮмŵðỤ̋ˣɼһ˲ӿĵжôǿ˵Ҫ˼˵ζǧܡ
׽ûȴһСӸˣ
࡫
ſˮһֿЦŵСޣ֪βźá
Сǰǲ׹
ĻһЩȻʹԵֵһЩ˺
˿ɾûôˡ
κȺ˱һ˲׵УڶݵʱȫԵ״̬˺һܸӦĴС
ҵĻǵΪѪͶʹ֮УСһͷ׵磬˫ش֮£һͷĳը͵ӾֳЧơ
ôѣ

ǶСһҲЦĸǻ졣

ε̾һһѾ˵Ŀ
취ҪȻǼˮ֮У
˵ҲûеϾСһֻһһĺӣ֪ʲôʱ򲻸˾Ϳ
˼ʶĿֲ˯ʱ⺢һǲҪˡ
˵ҪһȫӦ߲֮ǡ
ա
˼٣СԺһտСһһ͵С
ʦ֣ʲôʱ
жΪʦˣȻҪ˵
绰һͷε̾һʱһͷ
ŻҪʱ䣬Ǳô
ˣСֲˣ
ϲʱСһ˳֪ζжôܡ
ˣᣡ
ֻϣҵ˸Ͽҵ߶Щ
ˣأ
ͷ㡣
תͷŲӿųǻĽġ
˵ˣҪ͵һڣκκ겻׼벽
ôˣ첻ôôˣ
ĿƵϵĶŶõʱ䣬ôôࡣ
ҵ¶ȥ֮ں˵ҵ˽
˵ԣϵϴ͸˶
ϾǽҾȺʹӦñһҵ顣
ڶЩ㲻ʹҪõͺںӵĿģΪеǰѴ˵еô
ֱ߶Ӧòô򵥡
DУ
Ϥ
ĿŶı飬ſʲôס
㿴
ָŵͼϵ꣬DеһСɽ֮УѾʧʮʱ䡣
ʧʮʱ䣿
ԣҼǵõʱżҲȥСӣΪʮǰ鱻˴С
ÿÿ飬˸С
żңԸĸԶԶʮ֮һ
СǱģûĻҲͻˡ

1555 귢ʲô

1555  귢ʲô
˻Уڶļϡ
Сһ֮ȥһСɽɣȥ塣
š
ѽ
ʱ绰һһŮӵʮֵ
ĺͶͷҪƵпŮʲôˣϧһĹƵ
򵥣¶ǣ
ţ
չСһаµʱ䣬ԭԤڵʱ仹Ҫá
ڣźֵʱҲҪСһֱʱ
µʱ棬Ȼ˱Сһ˲ʮΣ᲻ÿСһ뿪
κȡ
ʪ̷ۣС·һҪסС̰ҲܸС̫ǡ
κ᲻СһˣڰµʱںСһﳯϦദ֮һԸ顣
κףСվҪ뿪ġ
СһƺӦʲô۵һ˳кڣͷų׵Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ˣ
˱С뿪СԺκһֱվǰţֱ׵׵ʧС
˺˲ˣԺǽˣԸʣҶϡ
κȵĺ󱳣֮ȴռ˱ˡ
ʱκֻ˸Уδ˵˻˵ô
ûСһܾЩġ
˿ѧѧγɣԼ˫ǰDеСɽѰ顣
ʱһһȥѧУҲ˼١
ڷż֮ǰֽһοԡ
룬ĺͶ˵ĳɼһֱϹ״򲻶
칫ңŽ㿴˿վǰˣʶۡ
ʦ֪Ǵĺӣ˵ѧУǿѧУٸƶҪﵽˮƽС
֪ˣһúѧϰϣһһȡ࿼֡
ϴҳŵúѧϰŬĿ߷֡
뿪˰칫ңϱѧؽȥУҡ
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ƶʱڻزǸ׶ʮֵѲȻʮˣҲһĴڡ
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ϴӳóƽúɫϷɵģһŽɫСӡ
ʲô
ҿֿҲȻ
ǲǣϷȲת˽ûطӾ͸ˣ


Уллȫҡ
ǻΪʲôôֻǳϺȲ賷ת˽顣
УȺʹҪʲô
İԼе˳
鵽ɫӣڵСȺ˵ĿĵΪʲô
ңһöڤҲڳģûдһöڤĻ߰Ҳᷢ
һϷҲ֪
ҡҡŻ£ʾԼҲʹǵĿĵʲô
ҪȥDСӵĻ˳ϷҶһҪȥ򣬱˼ҵĲһζ
ϽĿĺܼ򵥣ȥDСɽʱ˳ָһЩҶ
Ҫ֪DɽĲҶһǮ˵Ҳףֵء
б¶ôûеĻˣ
һֱˣ˵ĸоҡҡͷҶûˡ
˳ɫ뿪УңûпϰбȻļ֣ˢһСһĵױжôĸˡ
ιܸôʱôʱĻȥDѽ
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һ֣ܸǹ˵绰
ܸǲûкͶһȥ˶ҡ
һεܸ֮Ǽ˽ΪѣֻҪķκζ̬һڵľܸǡ
ȻܸѾΪ˽ĵԲзۡ
ֻҪһ仰һ仰ܸ붼ͻȥ
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ܸĿСԺĶκ׼һϳǰDСɽ塣
DкS·̲ǺԶǰСɽ·ȴЩˣ˻ҪɽǰС
DСɽ磬ɽɽﱻСɽ屻ĵط֮ʱѾƻ֮ʱ
ϦĹâɽֶ֮һƬڽɫĺ֮С
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ʮǰһҹ˭Ҳ֪Сɽзʲô飬ȵڶ췢ֵʱСɽѾΪ˷棬ұڳ֮¡
ʮʱȥˣɽΧеľֻʣһЩƵĺۼʣģֻɽҰӲݡ
ֻûźˡ
߶ûźţ֪ڵλá
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ϱעλãڽĽ°뾶һ׵ķΧڡ
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ģܸǣκ˿£ʼе̺ʽ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱڵ飬ӻƻ赽˺ҹ۵ļ˻̱С
ͷôҲʱ򰡣Ҫڵ°
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ܸȻû˵ҲƺѯŽĿɷбķӡ
˵԰뾶׵ĵطʼڣ鵽Χʲôطضλȴû׼ȷϢ
һȥ¸󷨣ûã
ҲֻԿûֻҲûѰľλá
ԺѰſõ󷨣ĺһƿˮ֮վߵ˱ڵǧٿ׵ķ֮ϣ˫ֽӡ󷨡
ףɶ
µʱһɫĹâķɵ˰֮С
һɫâȻƮڵķ򣬲ͣǰ
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󰡣Щһʣûʲô
ʱǰɫâֳ˱ӣ˴һɫ˯£µĿŶ
ġ壬ô
ֱ̧žһѴֻϧ˫ִ˶塣
ҾƣΪҴ磬˵ôģԽԽˣ
żүʮȴᣬٴο޷ݡ
塭壬㣡
۾ʱʮʱ䣬ڿ壬ֲ̧ܲеˮŶżүǰת˲ʧ
Сӣô˻ޣСʱһ
һĨЦ⸡ڶżүϣҪһͷͣ˰С
Ѿʲô
壬굽׷ʲô
ûлشżү⣬֮ʮǰǸҹʲô飬Сɽ塣
¶ͺûϵˣǺܾǰˣ˵죬Ҳͬ٣Ǹɶޣģ

1556 ʲôǴ񾳣

1556 ʲôǴ񾳣
żүͶ˵Ż˶ЩƢǺ˭ѧˡ
壡
ȻҲ壬ߵżүǰ
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żүĿŽģ˵֪ǰŮǺˣ֪һ飬ΪŮޣǱڵµŻԽѡ
Ȼ֪˭Ů޵ΪĪ⣬ӻŵĻһдһ
壬ҴͷģϱҲǶżҵδŮˣκȡ
ϺǣаСӣôȢϱˣúƣ
żүһ˵仰æתͷĿκȵϡ
˵ҡң
κɫߺţģôˡ
żүͷ͵ı顣
ҼҳСĸֱּǼ컯
żүκȣܿİκȣҲãڶżпļ壬ҵԼİŵ˱ʲôá
ɫĹâϵзǱڵµΪʩеõ˽ѡ
үʱ䲻ˣǺ˵һ˵͵ɣҪȻһӶ֮ϣĵγһ٣谭С
ǰ壬͸Ұѣ
żүƬ̣󻺻̸һ˵ʮǰǼ顣
żľĿҲĸ˵ĿһѰľ顣ңҵľ顣
ǣҵľǸϣһʮֹ飬еһ˲˯˹ȥпһֵĳʱ޷֮СֻĿк£Ľ
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ţӻǵ濴Ļ棬һŵŮţŮһʱɽб
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żү˵ԼĲ²⣬µûдĻΧľܱߵɽ֮ӦùѺʲôͬѰĶ
ԣľĴԼŻξҲΪŮӵˣɽ鱩ԼĲҾ硣
˵˵ţ˷ֶżүʧĹЧǽȥ޹ڤֻأżүʱҹale
ǶżǸ޳ļ壬ΪĿĲֶΣҵԼİˣǿԵĻ뿪żңԼҪ
żү֮ǰöԼΪ˱żҵˣΪһпĻ
֪İɣ
ţ˻һ飬ΪĵλãҵʬҲǣǵøõĹľǽ˿ľġ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣżүԽɢʧǰ

κߵߣҪ˵ЩʲôοҡҡͷǿǣһĨЦ⣬ʾԼû¶
ܸǣ֣
ţ
ܸǺͽ˳ŶżүλãĿʼھڣһ֮ҵһߺǣһɢźɫâӾߺǵС
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ֻлƶһСɢĹâȴǳһ㡣
ܸǺͶ˶żүĺǣڱ֮С
ĸæ˼һϵʱ䣬ҵ飬Էûˣһ̯˯˹ȥ
˯УͬһΣξУһƬããľܡ
ʱһŮӳǰһɫŮָָ֣ľɽ塣
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֪Լξڣĸ˳˽Ĵ֮⣬˶Ϊʵ
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żүľĴҲΣɽ֮УΪһЩԭûмȥԲ֮֡
֮⣬ǲ벽ľĺ󳾣ֻаպŮָȥˡ
߰ɣ
ʵУı㲻⶯ʩ󷨡
ο˵ĲٿصУΪܰȫ뿪ξصʵҲֻмȥˡ
ĸ˽ɽУһ·ûоͷһ
ܣһյһյźɫâĵʮֵĹ졣
ڣ֪õʱ䣬˸ںŮߵľͷ
һʯŶ˵ǰ·Ůһƣ¡һ죬صתĵֱӴϷˤ
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ʱʯѾŮվǰˡ
ȽȥɣҲߵ
ǰ·δ֪һ˺ĸ˽ҪԵΣտ֪˵ֻǰвܺˡ
ɣ͸ɣ
Ϊף֮Ƕκܸǣ˸źŮӽʯ֮

ʱһ죬ʲôôʯڵ
ʯ֮һƬڰһյյĺɫȼռʱĸſǰһĻ
żүһһŮ˱˫˫ڰ֮޷Ů˳ͷҲڰգ˫һȾѪɫĲ
Ůǰλޡ
ԷΣĿΪΡ
ĿűֽŵŮӣҲǺŮӲһѡ
㣬ˣ
Ųء
ƲƲ죬Ȼ֪⻰˼˵ǳˣȴ쳣ıŤ
ιôǸ񾳵ߣʲô¶ҪΡ
һ۱㿴ֽŵŮǴ۷ߣڶʮһ۷ʵһš
ͷʲôǴ񾳵ߣ
һеĵȼ֮󣬱С񾳺ʹ𣬵ȹ˴֮ħħȵȾ磬ˣ
ôһ˵Ҳһ
ͷʲô硣
֮ϣҲ֪˵ģҺԼ˲Σ²ѹơ
ıʾԼˡϡɣҪȻЩħʲôĻǰNɪ
⣬ĽĿŮϣӦǱõʱ䡣

1557 ¶

1557 ¶
ڽĿŮ˵ʱŮ˵ĿҲڽĵϡ
ܸоõĵǿ󣬵ѹţ޷Ӷѡ
ңŮڽϲһϤǸϢ
˵úء
ǰһĵĿŮϵһöԼܽ
ֲʵеĶ
ôˣõҶʱĴڣû뵽һ֮ǰ㣬Ҳϧ
һĨ˵Ц⸡Ů˵Ĵǣŵ֫ǶһҲ۵˺ѷΡ
Ů˵һѾ֪˶õʱ䣬ܸӦʱţȴǲõ׹˶ꡣ
ʮ꣬ǰ꣬ǧ꣬ʱ䡣
㣬ΪʲôᱻֵطΪ߸Խ˳ز
ŮӣŴ񾳽۷ΪֻһԽ֮ΪλΪ
ĵĻŮӺȻЦЦź⣬Ρ
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ŮӸˣǽģΪʵͲľ磬ɱѺ£Ϊڼɢ
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ĻǵһΪԵ˵˵
ֻ֪ΪһЩ飬˵ΪɥʧΪһͨˣֱӻҷ𣬵δ˵˵˵
ǧ治УϵԯʲôֻҪ̴ùǽ֫ͨҲ޷ѡ
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Ļԯ壬ǽԯ塣
һľ磬ĸ߶ٵ˽һЩĻĴڣŮˡ
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Ҳ̫û˵ֻΪŮ֪ԼӵĹϵֻ߰ĪŮֻϣСʱ֮ǰԼһ齻иġ
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ɻǾ仰ǴԻˡ
ԣûľĿʲô
ľ壬żүǺܲɷֵĹϵ
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ΪΣ
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Ǻϼǿˣ֪ǳ֮ǶԻǴûбѡΨŶ
ǳ֮ԹԴԴϵֻҪȷշ̤Ҳʱ顣
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Ȼǿ󣬻ȿڣ㱻Ǻ˳ȥ
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ɢһҲ˹
пһУɲ֪ôģԽԽǲзʲô
Һ˵һֵΣǼǲʲôݣ
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Ŀһ۶ʾ˸뿪ˡ
Ҳǣ߰ɣɽ֮ҿҪúóһٲУ
ĸ˰ɽ֮ʱ·ɽڼ뿪ɽ۵ʱ򣬽ĻعͷվɽмһһŮǳһŮ
ģʲôأ
ûʲô߰ɣ
еǳ֮תɽ
ʱվɽһһŮ뿪ķ΢΢üͷ
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Ҫһǰǽ磬ʱȥ׷Ҫǳ֮Ҳ١
£˵Ӱʧ·ûֹһ
ɽܸǿڣнСͣ򵥵ϴһ£һӲˡ
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ཡ
ֻ𣬽Ľͨ˵绰绰һǶүӵ
СѾͷУСҪˣ
ʲôô¶
ûԷĶκϳܸǿǰĻֱӳ˽˷ɻǰеҽԺ
ĸСʱ֮ĸ˶ڵҽԺ
·϶ү˵һĴţϮΪ˱һ԰ټƵħڽĵĻãҵ˼ʱϵ
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⣬ĵ
ҽڸˣʱҽ˳ժ¿ֳŶүҡҡͷ
үӣү̫أǰˣ׼һ°ɣ
仰ү˶̱˵ϣĺͶæǰŶүӡ
үӣżȥ

1558 

1558 
ĻҽĴӣȫ֮ҡ
̨ϣȫ²Źӣϵ˿ɼǣŨҵѪζС
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ĺҽҪֽʣֽдԼҪõҩݣ˶뿪
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ҩ׼ȫ֮󣬽Ľеҩݵã˶ϣת뿪ҡ
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˵
ʱ˿̵Ķүվվȣеϣѹ˽ĵϣǴӽĿһ֣»һȥ
ҿԾȶ󣬵ǱҪõ֮˵
ںûʲô𣬵Ϊˣ˵һַӾˣҪõжֱϵѪ
Ϸû̫
Ͷүһүд棬ҲſȥڤҪˣǶ屻𻵣ҲҪýķʽö
үһΪػҲΪ껹δɢԲзӻָ
ɶͬһôħ⡣ٴ벻˵ҲħߣҪȶ󣬱ҪǶֱϵ
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ʮַ֮š
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κˡ
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Ѿͷʲôȥ
һضǣľߣ
ţ
ųŽ˶µĵص㡣
еĺߣҹɫУĴŰߣ

ˣһΪȺء
ģСѾͷ򵥡
ʲô򵥵ģһѾͷôɡ
ʱڰ֮Уʮħڽǰȶҵģû뵽ֻˡ
Ѷǽ
ֱӱ⣬Ⱥħϻ
ħǹЦ·ڳЦĵԲ
ûʱҲûĺ˷ȥ
һסһħĲͽֽ飬ħ֪ô㳹׵׵ʧϡ
ԱߵħǶ±ˣԼǰĻ档
˵ԣ
ѹûħǷӳʱ䣬һһħǱҪ˶ˣûԼ˱ɱĶ
ң˵˵ɱңڣе̩ݣǾۼ
飡
һ죬ĺĽһֻħ顣
ȥ̩ݡ
࡫
ſˮһֻħԸˣοôһѡ
ʹӴе֪ĵû뵽һеĸӡݵĿֲ
ݳӣк̲ˣĵ̩ݡ
¥ħϢ
󡣡
ã
ʱ˿̵Ķ˵֮⣬Ļʲô˵ԹԵĸڽĵ̩ݡ
Ӵǣ˭Сð־
飡
һְס˵Դײǽϣħ˲˺ɢ
ϴ󡣡
ſŵħʾȥ֪µϴ
ʱСħˣ֪ϴ̨ϵ
ǰ󣬶˴һ¥ߵ¥֮Ǳħɢ֮䡣
̨ϣʮħǻǶŻվŻţڿĵʱ׶ĺɫâ˸
ħ֮Ужħħ˫ĿǿŽġ
Сã㵨ӵǴ󣬾ȻҶһ̶Ѩ
̶Ѩ
ħ̶ѨǵĲ֮أһĨЦ⸡ڽĴǡ
ǹѡ
֮ɱѲܣŰħ
ôĿҵ뿴㵽ж͸˿ڳԡ
£һη˶˳ȭͷģȭͷĹУɫħӿ
Ѱ˱һȺеĻضᵱ
ģѰ֮С
˵һֻһֳߵ˵֮
ֻһУ㽫ħˡ
ѡ񣬵һǣܸȫʬڶǣ𡣡
Բۣ
Ҳ̫Ե˰ɣ
վڽĶľﾭĴ棬仰ʱĳݵĲˡ
үүҲ˵ֿĻӴħķǵûκ֮еѹͲȺħһ̲ˡ
СѾͷ㵱˭
У֪ǵĴˡ
ЦЦЦûκε¶ȡ
Ȼѡڶ֣Ҳˡ
ɫ˶ļһ˳ֵӣһӣָѪҺϣħǿڷźݻ㿴һӰԼٶȳ
ˡ

顫
û˷Ļصҹɫ֮У֪ĻΪ˭ҹ
ľĿɿڴĿŽһһħ㵵ļϲ£졣
⡭
⡭
̫ôĿֲˣ
֪ΪΣȻʼͬȺħˡ
Ȼڽı֮£ħǻûü־Ѿ˴룬ʣµħӵɢɢֻʣµùıץס
ʲôط
⣬һɣҾһ¶֪СǸģ
ħǷϣֻһ
ѾѡĻˣԼ֪ϧ
£ӶĽħ
̩ݵħǼȫߵħǼһ
߰ɣ
Ŷã
عĶ뿪˱̨ųŽĻصҽԺ
ջصҽԺͿܸǾһ˽˦ڵϡ
ܸǣˣ
ڡ

1559 浱Լ̲ô

1559  浱Լ̲ô
ܸǸŵڵϵĶ֮ˣһ֪׼ȥ
СѾͷˣ
ĵʱ򣬶үǿ԰
ţ
ŶŸǽң˵Ķκȵʱδ˵ʲô
Ҫȸ꣬Ƕع鵽档
κ֮ˣĽ
ûǵĶֻһǣٶ߶ռݡ
öκػҲԭģһ֮壬κȵܽ󷨵÷ӵ
һٸǰ
û¶СˣȾȶ꣡
˵úأΪ˲ýķĲ˵Լû¶
ڽĻļʱҲ֪Զ˵Ϊܵ˶Ҫռаħ
ڣƬ֮ʧȥĶ󽥽˺
ģκ뿪ңʣµĽҽͺˡ
ʱĶ쳣ĸ˽ԼղһС
Դ֮ǽһݣ˵񶼷Ź⡣
үӣү
Ľ˶үӣĸ׶׺Ͷ׿ˡ
ʦѾްˣֻҪͺãʱһҪСĽǿ
ѾͷϷ治֪ôл㣡
˵ţүӾҪĹ£Լĸм֮顣
󲻽ӣҲǶδϣ
æŶүӡ
ү˵ЦˣʦҲǵĺѣҵȻĿźѳ¶үҪлĻת˾ˡ
ŽĵĻԭŵջ˲٣һߣ˵Լ̩ݾ֮£Ǹκȴ˿ڡ
˱Ƚأ˼࣬ټһκ̲ʱ˻ڿ׶Σϼˡ
κ˵ûжϵأϱһѪۡ
ŮӶƯŮӡ
û¶һ˿ڰˣµģ
Ϊ˲ýĺͶģκЦҡҡͷɽЦٶҲǣ˿۵
ȣģʲôﶼÿģԺҲܷʲô¶Ҷߡ
ȵΪһ£ŻỮ֪ԼǷȵģҪ
֮Ա˴˵Уɴһ
λУһأܱܲϵ˿һ°̺۵ģ
ܹˣ
ȾͺñųκȣȻڲͬˣĵľû
öκȵ˿ڣȥ˲
Уүӣĸ׶׺Ͷ׿Լڴߡ
Ŷ룬ߣ̽ѰŶıϢ
ǿ˺ܶ࣬ѣһҪעʳ⼸쵱ɡ
˵̫أ´ﵽ϶˿ڣҲֻιӪҺˡ
ʱԭغϵķű˴򿪣װŮʹ߽
ʲô
ľ̬ʮֶӡ
ҪִҪȥ̲Ҳħеģôصˡ
ģΪصˣҡҵģ
ģҿûﵣˣǲǵҴˡ
󣡡
׿һ۶ʾ˺
֣ĺǶˣɫҲˣȥɣ¾С
֪ΪԼŮԭЩöҵļ̳үӺͶײпԭҵĻҲˡ
׿֣СŮСЩ̫ܲ⣬˵ĵ붫£һеʧһһһе
һĿľǸȻ֪ҵĵλҲҵĻ¡
ףˣŻ˼
仰ãʱҲˣλذɡ
֣δޡ
ǣ
ʼһԵĶ̲סЦ
Ǹǵģң
ЦʲôҵŮδޣȻ
ǣһ֪ǶҵˣʲôʸЦ
ԣ΢΢üͷҪ˵ȴȳӴˡ
úúãҲ˵
ʲô˵ô
̬ͱˣ̾һ
ҲǶ󣬻㶪ˡ
֪һЩģŸ֮ңҵŮŰ裬
û뵽ǣҾȻǺǡ
˵ʲô˵һΣ
졣
ʾŮ죬˽Ůӣǰ˵ǶҵˣȴҲǺǵĽɫ
ְ֣Ҳ׼ңѸղŵĻ˵һΡ
Уˡ㣬Ϊϲ㣬ҲΪ֮лԼΪҪԵ𶫷ϣǰèҲһߣһħ˵Ĺô
ЦţһһĸԼˡ
˵ľٶΪӾгݵӢ۾ŶΣֻΪǶҵĴүħʱ
˵ˣЩ˵ĶԻħƻŶȥߣԲŻᷢ顣
͵͵ĻôصеĹϵ
뵽ˣ˫ֶżЦ
壬ҴͷΪ˾ζɺķ˲ʲôҩݰ˵ǼֵǧܸñʾʾŶ԰ɡ
˵Щʱ򣬽ĵ˵ͷҸһӿɽҲĿ⡣
ˣҪݺݵĿһʣ˭ĹŮԼҲǿǿĿˡ
ڣбʾ˽ŮߣҳŵһϿɹ۵
Ȼ뿪ʮӺ󣬽Ķκȵ˻϶һʾ޿
Ǯˣã
ڸ̾ƼĺôͬʱҲ̾ΪǮ˵Ҹ
ա
Ϊ˱ħаŶʱᣬĶκڲ㻤
е̨ϣ֧һСӣСİ
ȻôĶ
Ƿ´½һ۾ֱŹ⡣
棬иϹͨǸͨĿع˾
κȸ߽ģϹҲһȤ飬ȥ̳ȡ
ôĺжܿô
ֶѣĺûϵ
ţ˽кһԡ
ҲûڽߣſӲŷ
ĴУҴ绹Ҫò
Ӧÿ˰ɣүӺͶıǡ
Ŷһ´У͸
ľ󽫰µĺ͸ģĲ澹Ȼһɫ˶ǰ˶ɫʽһȴ̫ˡ

1560 Ҽ

1560  Ҽ
ҿ·һµġ
Žĵʱ۶ǳ֮ɫСԵܼԼż
ԣǾ
ǽĵСԵܣԽĵĳԶԶԼүү
ҾͲˡ
ЦţֱӴӺùɫ˶״ϡ
Ӻܹɣ
⼾ѾЩˣȻȴʮֵʱů
ĴҪϲģڽ˶һЩÿɫһʱĴпԻŴÿ춼һɫ
᲻̫鷳
ֻһᣬȴʥּһ㡣
ĸһ߳һŵʱ򣬲ϻ˯Ķ󻺻˫̨ۣϳԵĵļˣ涼һŨŨСϺζ
Уǲˣǿһô
æ˿ӣȷϴѾ֮һ˳ȥ϶үӺ͸׻ж˲
Ķκ˸СԱ߳СϺŶݵܰ档
˵ʵĴ壬ȻһС
һʼҲһ׼ףˣʲô鶼ҪÿһҪʧ
ɽأദĹ֮УǷֶ˸ڹëһЩ֮⣬Ǻܺദġ
СԺദʱ䣬ĸ֮佨˼̵顣
ȻκȺͶ˵鿪ʼתΪ˰顣
Ľô
ĲСϺǣϺƣĽϺһǳˮٲȻһСϺĸ֡
˵ĽǼٵģ
ͬʮ壬ڶżҲǵճӣڶżҸܵȴûжҵůеֻ档
Ȼ뿪֮ʱҲ˵һ
Сүү͸ңһҪΪԼ룬ΪѵʱֻԼܾԼ
չ㳤󣬸ȷۣҪȻǵһμʱͻᱻҴˡ
˵һμ棬κȵϣ˭뵽һСϺҲǹĺܡ
𶼳ˣ㣡
ͷҸϱǵСϺ˰
ĺͶһСϺϵĶ΢΢üͷŶ˵Լ˻л顣
һʱ䣬˶֮⣬ļҲҲżҺκҡ
żҵ˻ãͶĴк֮뿪ˣκҿһκȣԾǲ̬ȡ
ϱģκʲôдͷж꣬Ժʲô飬վߡ
仰ǹ˵κģڲڵ˵Ȼ֪κκʲôλ
үЦе֣κȵͷ
Ѿͷ£κҲҪǶҪ㣬ӽʼϷŮ
үӵһ仰κ˫ۣŵĿκȣѾͷȻôõ
κҼ֮ǰκȥ죬
Ȼᱻ۸ĺͶſźŶ˵ʲôκҵϲʹӡ
ϲģȻвϱ
˫ȭҪǽţһȥʹκҼһ١
κҼ˵ԺעͶҵĹϵܵᣬҪڶʹκֶҲϧʱһֱκڿˡ
һүүӽ쿪ʼҲʮκãҵκξٶҲκûйϵ
˵ʲô
κҼ˫ۣһųκȾȻ˵ֻ
ҲظڶΣ˾ͺãҪûбȽȥˣκҼߣ
£κת˲ⲻ֪һ˲䣬󱳶亹
һүүҲ˵
⻭棬ģڻҲҡ
ص˲УĿű߳κ˴Ĵָȵ
ϱ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼһһϱĽţκҲٷ
ŽĺͶκЦɻԼࡣ
ˣղȶӶˣ
ֻص̨ϵСԣϵʳǸոսеȻбرСϺ
ҴСүүںˣҺκûκιϵˣ
κȴڵĺűơƣ𷽲ŷһУ·ξһȴ׵׵Ľˡ
ӽ쿪ʼȻκȣȴҲʮκҵá
ָоã
ǲǹˣӰԵϡ
ڲϵĶεĿˡ
֪ǲˣҲܳκζƫƫҪڲСϺ
ιҪǲ˵ǻΪأһСϺɣȺĸճԹʮ㣬ֿζĶУ
һڶ󲡴ǰʾôСϺôСϺ֮Ҫָϵˮǽһνǽַӵ˼¡
࡫
һ쳹أ˫Ŷ
Һ֮Ҽˣ
вңһ治£֧ӣǵŶүǰúõƷһζСϺ
һӣˣӵСϺӲֻܸɵ۵Ķ
ĴУ
ʱ˽ӷ˽ĵࡣ
ĴУЩ˶ϴŵɫɫ
⺢ӣˣ
ô˵ĻǱһĿź·ֲͬɫԺÿ컻һҲ졣
Ե㰡յСϺ
ҾͲˣ
Ҳ˼ϵĶ󣬴һ׿ʼĸ˳Ե˵Ц󿴵ĸơ
ʱүӶ׺ͶүҲ˲ɶմһơƣҲź
үүף塭
СǳԳԺȺҲͰˣôүү׺ͶҲų
һӵСϺ˳ֻֽڲ϶ӹĽš
үӣ˵Ķôô
ϵµ磬û뵽һ񾳵ĸ֡
ϷƭôǶҶ챻ˣڶ輰ʱ֣ǿӲ̬˻ˣ
ү˵Źڶһǿ߶顣
ǰǶĴС㣬ʮɢ
һΣ֮У˻Եö迪ʼ
գ֮ʧˣû֪ȥֱүӸ׵һʷΪصΪѡ
ڶҼɱ֮ʱˣ˶ңʮĶ
ǲ֪ϷĵһֻĸݣΪˣ
水ү˵ģǶӦȥĻ
Ļ˵ĻǸʲôĴڣϷ򽲽¡

1561 ֪Լɶô

1561 ֪Լɶô
Ļ
˵ĻͲ塣
Ϊ磬ڽ磬ڽ͵ڽ磬ĸߵ֮ѵȥĻ
ĸү˵ŹĻ֣Ϊ֮
磬ֻһϵĵȼǹ´˵˳ݵĴڡ
ԭˣ
һȻı飬ԭ񾳾ȻֽͣǵĿվûеִﵽǸ硣
ǿɲչһ²˵ĸܣ
ڲϵĶĶˣֻܿӪӦ伢ӵСϺͱơƣֱſˮ
Щ˷ǵչ˲˵ĸܣǰԺ
ܣɶܣ㲻֪Լʲôô
СϺֵĵŶŵǱһ꣬ҪΪȫ¶ˣһ۵˺ѷΣһ´
˴˵ҪסԺһʱ䣬ʱĶκȫְڲ㻤
Ȼ㻤ҲҪʵģôȻҪӶүթ
һܵʱ䣬˻ָЩ߶߶
ԶԶԣż
ŶѵκǺͽٳһ߳Сʳһ߿ŶŶ
ʱһӰڶͶǰǼҵŮ
㿵ͺãʱһֱ㣬ÿÿҹ˯ž
Ҫǰȴסˡ
ʲô
ʲô˺ꡣ
֪˵ԭҲֱ֪ӵĹϵΪǰûӵҴСħԻĻҲôصˡ
ȻҲˣڴͷҽ»ָ
ΪǶżҵ˱Сκβ㣬ÿҺͶ֮ûֵķݶ
ֶ˴СƢԶָֻжôĶˣǰץס·߿
Ҳˣ˼Ͼˣڶ˵ʱ䣬Ҳڵ壬ûûأץס˶˵λá
˻
һŽüǰһ
Ҳ֣ΪҵĴС㣬ӲϧĴûŮˡ
ߣƾҲҶСһë
ž
һص֮䣬ҲˣŵԼǰһƴϵκȣû״̬ȣ
ΪԼ
ϱΪԼ
վǰκȣﲻסЦϵıôˡ
ҽԺңУһЩԼ̬ȡ
ˣҴң
գŵĿκȣôû˸Ҵ񣬾Ȼһ¼Ѿͷˣ
㸸׽ѵ㣬ԼСݵᣬ˵һ飬ҽԺÿ㶯ã
κһһװ׵ĸҽԺҰĵطٸʲôٶͱˡ
ʲôݣȻҴңСˣ
κȴһƵһָۿžҪκȵգǧһ֮ʣκ㿪
ˣ
ŵĶɫĿŷħһǰ˫֮֮Ũ
Ǵң
ûиԼʱ˿̵״̬ԾһԸΪϧΪ

֣³һ
ѾûκιϵˣҵҲԴ˾ϣӽտʼԾҴС㣬Ҷδޡ
ʲô
ƺûĻһ˫۾Ŷ͵ǰ˫ֽץסֱۡ
˵ʲôҲţҪǲϲңΪʲôԼôħһߣһǰҵģЩˣһΪЩ˵ԭŻ˵Ļ
֣ץ۶ˣ
Ŷʹģ֣Ƶһߡ
ȣǻǱȽϸԼȽϺá
ڳϵĽĿһ۶κȣǲֵĻ¸ǽͲ塣
ǵ͵Ĵ彿С㣬һ϶ԼģͻΪǶˣǴҲҪһֱȥǲֵĻһ˵Ĵ
ҲңΪҵĴС㣬ǻı˼ңͱԱˡ
ҽԺĲƺϣŵزЩҲǸ˵ˣһֱԼ֮С
֪ԲֻǱħƻǼҲ㡣
ƽƽ˵һ
ΪʲôңʱҲ˼ϴˣ֪ΪԼ˵ĻŽΣ֮أİģ
ţ۵׵ˮϵӿֶ
ֻҪȷ϶ǲİԼǸ˵ֻҪŶȥ̲ͻ֤һС
ѹͲ֪֮ᷢʲôԼôصˡ
Ҿ㣬ΪǶҵˣħǱ֣Ѱ֮ˣû㹻Ӧħ
Ѱ֮ˣֻѰ֮˵Ľɫ
еһѰ֮ˣǳ׵׵ĴеĻ롣
û׿˵仰ʱһֱһУΪԼǶΨһӣİˣΪԼԲŻԼ
ɵͷڶֻһѰ˵Ľɫ
̱ڵϵվһĨЦ⸡ڴǣ۵׵ˮԾɲϵš
֪ˣӴԺҲȥ㣡
һ۶תʧǰ
һо罪˵һκȻǺģƾǶ˵仰ῴʵ
˵ϳʲôѽ
ȻˣҲûбҪھȥˡ
óֻ㿪ҳ棬ԼϲԵĲˡ
ԽԽϲֻܣܵˬ
ǳʲô
ԣǲСϺˣ
Ҳǣ
κȺͶʾٵСϺˣ㻤ʱ伸СϺǸҲˡ
ҵһݺ档
˫һߵ˽ߣŲӿ˿˵ѡ˺档
Щ˺ö࣬Ȼǲܴĳԣ׶ӦÿԳһЩʳ
˭֪ѹûᶫ󣬵ҪĲ֮󣬱öŶز
ҵĺô
ͷ֪ԼɶУԺ棬ҿ档
ǣڿԳһĶҳһҲУҪȻҿһɣ
һвУһڣ
㻹ǰĵȥӪҺɣ
һڣֻһڣ

1562 Ȥ

1562  Ȥ
ʣöҵĴү쵽˱ҵĵزҪһ
ճ˵ʱĶѾԳʳˣΪöõĻָĻϽԶ
ֱȫظ֮󣬲ſԽӴ׵֮
ǺҽԺУӪҺһίͰ͵ĿŽĶκ˺Ժֻ䵽ζĵزˡ
ڣ֮󣬶Գһõĺ档
ʮǮһ룬ƽ棬ǸȥûʲôӪֵĶ
ǣʱ˿̵ĳƷζɽ亣ζһ㣬һһĳţһһĺţǱһܣ˶öġ
ǰҿؤôԷģһģһ
ҡͷõؤֳԷһǱʳһ־ƷζζڵĶ
ڳԺĶˣֱһ֮Ĵ˸
ζ
һʮǮĺѣڶȴζʳ
ĳϢٶʮģʺ㣡

˶һۣ׼ʱҽԺķűˡ
ǽôǩһ¿ݣ
ඡ
һԼĿݣķһٶ˲ǰ˶ԼϢ֮ùݲ
ӲݣǽҵһȤ
ڶ󿵸ʱ䣬ϹҲĻ쳣û¶ͺκҽԺɳϣѡŰһ·ÿһƷΡ
˵ĲϳΪ˲ֿ
ģʲô
ֿζİǣҶԵģ
һӵİǣֿζ״ŲӿһۣҪһȴˡ
ЩǶģһһ
ˡ
ʱһվڲǰĿСϰԵĽݷſڣʱ䣬ĿС֮⣬ĿС綼ͽκĺܡ
öĿݣǩ
лˡ
֮һʱ䣬ĺκȵĿݲϣŮ˲𿪿ʱҸı飬ͶҲʵݣҪҲҷ
õضһᡫ
ѵһ㣬ڶԱߣѾݻˣʲôԵ߻ױƷҲûãֻҪŮ˿˾һ֣
ҾбҪһǹ뷨
飬ýĺκһ㶫ٲҪʱһħһ
ߣҿھ˵ǲң
ҡҡͷʾԼûκΰ취ɲҷλ˵κλûкùӳԡ
Ҳǣ
Ҳ̾һѹ֮µǸûзĻᡣ

ϵʱ򣬶үӣ׺ͶүҽԺӵĶһΪԼĲǲǵ䵱̡
үӣ͸㣬ģŴϺ
ĴӺóһ··ļ۸ܹ󣬵ǰɡ˯£һǶ˯¡
Ϸ򡭡ô
Ȼˡ
Ľɫ˯үϱȻһ¡
үʧô˯ѾҩֻҪү㴩˯£ܸʧߵ
Ϸллˣ
үǣǿĳһĨЦ⣬ӹɫ˯£һһٶ˾ȻҪ˯ҪǴȥЦŹ֡
󲮣͸ġ
Ҳзô
ЩõԤУȻڿе֮ʱȻϲҪֳһлЦ⡣
ꡭ
үڿԼӵ֮ЦΪԼ⣬û뵽ӵҲòȥ
Ͷ׵ǿͨϻ˯£һ˵಻ãҲͨϻ˯ҩݣܰƶһЩʡ
ү͸ģ
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ۡ
ΪֻԼⶾֵĶүӺͶ׿׿֮ʱүһ˯³ġ
үӵɫͨ˯£׵ǿͨϻ˯£׿˯ǴܵĿͨ˯¡
Ѿͷ۹⡭ر𣡡
ǣҺȿһأǮǶжǣԻһʵڵĶȽϺá
˯ȻǮ󣬵˯еҩȴ˵Ĳ֢֢ҩ
үүף壬Ȼĵ⣬°ɡ
ЦţЦǸ֮ɫܿһүүͶ壬ָо
ϷʹǶллСѾͷˣ
û¶˭˭
Цţ˿һСĿͨ˯£ɶҲûֻöүתˡ
֮󣬶ָĲˣκҲȬˡ
һ˴FеҽԺصSС
صñСԺź͵ʰķ䣬˽⵽⽫еĵذ廻˷ذ塣
аôħΧ»ܻǶδļ̳ˡ
Ŵӽĵĵ绰˽⵽˶
Ѳк󸣣
ЦţȻЩĿİСԺָֻԭӡ
˵СԺʱ䣬ûһЩֵ飿
˫ۣѶһź͵
˿˱˴һۣҡҡͷ
ʲôֵ飬ɱϹ룬ôһЩ߰顣
תͷûпı֡
ʲô߰㣿
仰˵һ±ƣŴ򿪵ĵԣԼϷԼ˺ţתٴο
˵ûϹ˺ţҿ˺þã
˵͵˵ȫ¶˸ûһƵϡ
վһԵĽĿ˿󣬶һЦFеʱ䣬ź͵֮һʲô顣
ΪףԺʱõʱ䣬κٴ³ҲΪչ˶̫ܳĶһӵĲǽһˮ˶֮⣬ڶûθڡ
Ҫǵɣ
ͬ⣬ҪըͿ
ҪԿѼˣ̺ʹϺ
Ҫһݿף
һӵĲ˶ø˶󣬽Ķκź͵ѡ
գڶУУҡ
Сӻָôˣ
УԤҪָĿһЩ
ȻصSУҪѧĻٻҪһܵʱ䡣
ųϣĽϡ
ʲô
е㲻Ϊʲô齻Լ
ӱʹ͵ˣҲûʲôã
ͱˣȥΨһĿıȺҲ顣
ӶõϢʹ˺ں֮⣬Ҳҵ˽顣
ľˮĿ鶼ѾˣӲУҲûô

1563 û

1563 û
ˣһ⼸ķøһ֣
Ľһվ˳˳ǰ
һ£һһŵվݣǺ׽ɶ˼
Ϸû̫
Ŷģ
ĸϽЩվݵĴʲô˼
ѧĹǸɣǰѰҲ֮һѧ񶼺Уֱӹҹ
ȻأҵʱΪԭǰFУҲʱ֮ڷ飬ԣһзȻȻУ
У㿴ɶʱǮһ£
һſվݣʲôöС
Ϸһ£һѶ඼СѾͷ嵥ΪʲôҲҪС
ѽʱڻǮżǮУͱϸ˹
ڨЦţڿ˶үһʣһ֮˺ϼٿУһʡ
ô᲻֪С˵ôţ
УϷͳƿ֮㣡
ҹɫSС
ҹʱ򣬺СԺС
壬ôˣ
ɽļڳԷʱҲһų
˵ˣFеҲ˽ˣĴô
ȻأҲûʲôôȥȽס
Ĳ̫׺ΪʲôôʣѲɳϻ㽫ʹɡ
ϴ㽫ʹ
һ仰˽롣
Ϊʲô
ʻǶŵĿŽʲôУ㽫ʹ
ΪʲôҪȺˡ
ΪӵԵô˵ħʲôˣ
ţ
ıȶö࣬Ҳ֪УôҲһԭģˣҲ־
˵ͷһ֤ĵ뷨
壬ǰFеʱ䣬SǲǷʲô
һˮŽSǷʲôǲ֪顣
ħͯ˾ˣ
ʲô
ʲôʱ飿
ô¶
ǽĶź͵ҲһĲ졣
ô֪ħͯñ˵ĻǲӦò֪Ҳһ
뿪ѧУһСʱ֮󡣡
ҲСʱ֮ǰõϢ
ڽĶκ˽齻ϣ뿪ѧУһʧ֮ħͯһȺİ˾ߣȺΪߣУϵεʱħͯѾˡ
ҲУΪʲôҪѡ񽻸ʹԭ
ħͯһߣҪץĿԼΪ㣬ˣʹպеܣ뿪ӣԺеɱħͯ
Ҳ֪ǣ֮УĸȥSģʹһ档
ǽĵڶĿġ
֮ʹǿںӣóǱҪж֤ڳ
ģκȺͶѵѡ
˼Ƭ̣ĵ˵ͷӦ顣
У֮ǻȥġ
˫˼ŵʲô˿Դ谭ӵнħͯߣ
۶ʮһͣû£ѲǱĴߣ
ܣ
֮SĹ㳡
SĹ㳡ߵĽ̨ϣĶκ˿Ŵʹ
˵ʱĴʹȴСԺеСס
ǸСԵǰĴʹֻһòȻαӶѡ
ģּˡ
סҺ㲻죡
Ĵ˴ʹãֱӱ⡣
鶼УҲУϽӣǻ¶ء
ĲʹʹͬһУ̲ס
ã
۶Ц⣬ʹûΪ˶ӵ̬κεı仯
ʹù飬䰴˳˺ںϡ
鱻Ƕںϵһ˲䣬ӿʼҫ۵Ĺâ
Ǻһ޷ݵĹâʥǿ
ţвһ߱ɱħħӵǿ
âǿ󣬿ɲ֪ΪΣȴһϤĸоʮֵϤ
ʱһʹǵϥأƺӭǿĽ١
׹է֣֮䡣
ס׼ӭ֡
ô׹иӰ
κȻΪԼۻˣ󣬲ȣ󣬽ԼڳʹǶ˹âԽһӰ
ں治ôôˣ
⣬Ҳһ±ƵĿŽֳεˡ
ϣԭȥأ
âУ˿˵˻һġ
Ϥ˵æüͷµĿ
ô㣿

1564 ôǾ

1564 ôǾ
âгֵĲǱˣǾ
ôҲ뵽֣˵ںеı߱ɱħôô¾أ
ɶ۹⿴ңŶõʱû˵Ҹˣ
һϮƮƮ̬ľվڽǰ֣ػζǰ
Ů˲ǰԼ˰ɣŶõʱ䡣
·еѿ
Žϴŵɫ˶Ȼ֪ķװƮƮĹŴŮװǺͽġ
ιɵˣ
ѾôӺ߳أ
±ƵĲǽģ˰ʹСڣ˶㿴ҿ㣬Ŀ׼
˭ʲôطֵģأ
ûʲô¶ˣ°ɣ
ȻȺʹ壬ʾʹȥ
֪бȻǧ⣬һġ
СԺ
һСϺζһӦȫź͵׼ʱ뿪Ľ˻ˣһһˡ
񣿡
ʶģǰڽڽֵʱ򣬾ڽ֮һǡ
ôǰ
ģľ񣿡
Ҷ֪ʲôԭ򣡡
ҡҡͷʾڻ±״̬
ȥǰSĵĹ㳡ϼ֤ʹ򿪺ںӵõɺӴˣûм˾
ʲôζ㰡
ſкɢŵζĿź͵ǰϣԹԵѧŵӴһԵס
ôԣ
ŵôСϺһԵĵüͷϵϢϲ
Ȼ
ʱϲϵô˵ĺʶҪһЩġ
ܺó԰û뵽ССһ⣬Ȼζ
һ߳һ˵
ĳһھߣߴϽ˵ԭΪʲôس
ô￪˵أ
ָ˼Ÿôʲôط˵顣
ĿֻһҪȥݴ½ʧǳ֮
ݴ½ǳ֮
ĲǺ׾仰˼ΪʲôҪȥݴ½Ѱʧǳ֮
ΪҪǳ֮
һ۽ģǰݴ½ȥѰǳ֮ԭΪĺͽİݡ
黹Ҫӷĺͽİҵǽʱʼ˵𡣡
˵ǰǽ֮顣
ֻȥǽ̽Ѱһ¶ѣϾĻĻյ˲ںүӵ£˲òǰǽһ̽
˭Ҳ뵽ǽ֮ȫȫɼ˼Ǳݺ
ھһжεļ֮󣬷ĺͽİݲǳ֮Уһʱǽߵ׷ɱһҲǳС
׺͵׷ɱʲôˣ
𼤶˵꣡
֪һ漰ĺͽİݵİȫŮ˱ʧȥǡ
ΪУΪ˱׺δĺӲȽǳڣǣǳֻܱʱ䣬һʱʧЧǽ߱ɱǳС
ȵȣ
Ӿе֪ױǽ׷ɱ̤ǳУҲΪʱвŶܽǳڣǽȺǿΪʲôҪ׷ɱף
ԭܼ򵥣
̾һ֪˽غױ׷ɱԭ
ʱ˵ǽʱǽʮԯһأԣ֮һŮӱδķˡ
ɲɣʱĺͽİݱԯǰԯǽʮڳصʱ˷ģ֪
Ҳ֪ʲôԸˡ
޿ħӳԴ״ñ˵ԼôȻˣ
˵ǸԯһҲǸûӵļһȻҪͽİݵҵ˵ǰ״
ǽʮ֮һԯһ˵ǿ߱鲼Уǿ߿ǱȱȽǡ
κΣԯΪվƱؽİݲһȼ
ԭİݲûдҪԯ˭֪Ǹȴڱ͵ϮЩ˻еĽġ
ӿǻ˽İݣʢŭ֮£İݲһǽԯһ塣
Ҳԯһþĸַ׷׹㽪İݲһ
գΪ˻еķģ˲òǳ
֮Ҫõǳ֮ڶ˳ֻǳ֮Ӷǿľ硣
˼˵Щǽ֮ǿҲΪǳ֮׺͵ûǳ֮Żᱻ˵ǳУ
˼˼ҲȻûǳ֮ӲԯһʮǿߣԵĵ֮ˡ
Ҫ֪ǽ磬ûǳ֮ĸǳ֮ĸվһȼ
ƫƫΪһ޷Խĺ蹵ȼİӲǿ̬նɱԯʮǿߣ֪
ҲΪˣԯһĴ֣߳Ǿ仰Ϊ˲÷Ķ̥絽ǳУһǳҲ޷˱
ΨһķѰǳ֮ڶ뿪ǳʱõǳ֮Ӧǽв
ԣǽ֮󲻾ñڶɢ˵ľŻٻĽ磬Ѱҽģ˷ֱѰʧɢǳ֮
ˣ
ŵ˼ˣô֪ٻ㣿
˵⣬ʡ
ǺӾҵİ֪磬ԾʹѰϢ˴û뵽øǴ򿪺ӡ
Ҳ˵ûкӣҲСԺѰҽģ֮ˣ޷װһˡ
ģ
ţΪƵĹϵֱֲӳ֣ԻΪ˽иʱһ߱
еĺ˾Ǿ񣬾˵һҲǻԵɺϣֶ˲ܣ֡
ˣôʲôʱȥݴ½ֻвʱ䡣
Ҳǽĺڤҹ˵ޣûϵзӡ
֪㵣ʲôģڤҹǱȻȥ˵աǰݴ½Ѱʧǳ֮ڤҹһ֮Ҳǰʤ½ȥѰǳ֮
֪ڤҹ
֪Ҳ˵
ʾԼ൱޹ȷȷʵʵ֪ڤҹǲ˵ڤҹ䣬֮پͻᷢת䣬ʱ˭Ҳ֪ʲôõӰ졣
ŽĵĿ⣬ε̾һ
ôңڤҹ֮һ٣ֻпԼܶɽ٣ǲԲֵģҪȻΪλһٶ
仰Ҳ͸©һ飬֪֮һѣ⽪ĺڤҹĽ١

1565 ݴ½

1565 ݴ½
ڽĺڤҹʱѾ˶֮ѡ
һڵĽѣӦˡ
ڶĺڤҹ˷ָأѰҵĽѡ
ѣΨж˱ȥӦ٣ܽ⿪˸ԤĻ˭Ҳ֪ĵѻ᲻ᷢı䡣
˵Ϊĸ׵ķĲǲϣŮҸϣĺİ֮˳õȥŻ磬ָأԼʱѰҵԷ⡣
绹ǽ磬ʱȥѰǳ֮Ѱڤҹ
һʼǰݴ½Ѱʧǳ֮ľָѡ
Ҫô磬ʣµʱȥѰڤҹ
Ҫôǰݴ½ʣµʱȥѰʧǳ֮Ȼڷĺͽİ뿪ǳ֮ʱǳ֮͵ǰ
ôѡǽԼ顣
˵Ҳ˵ˣСϺš
˵ζĲԽԽ
еı飬ʵ֪Ļѡʲô
ȻĸĴǰݴ½Ѱʧǳ֮ǰǽ籣׺͵
Ȼ֪ڤҹ
Ĵ¶óһöǣ˾С
Ҵһ仰˵ʱ䣬ҽǳ֮͵֮һ
УȻܸڤҹĵص㣬仰һǿ԰㴫ģҳЩģȥ

Ĳ˷ʱ䣬ֱöϵСϺȫ˾ĻС
ɶһûҪˣ
һζһСϺǱĸƳȥû˵ǳ֮ʲôء
Ҳ̫˰ɣһûʲôǳ֮أ㲻ôԴңǺôҲһ¹񰡣
ѾƵ˴⣬һץסš
ȵȣҪҰѻ˵ɣ
֪ǳ֮ʲô
֪
ֵ񲻽ˣô֪ǳ֮ʲô
ô֪
ǰЩľѰʱ˱ˣǺ֮ǰǳ֮ң
ĸ֪Լһöǳ֮Ȼǰ޴½ŸӦҵʧǳ֮
ȵȣһû˵껰أǳ֪֮ǳ֮ʲôôصݴ½ôȥô
˵ţӻóһöͭͭϵ޵Ļͼڣ֪ģֻҪָͭԵݴ½
ȵݴ½֮Ȼ˽Ӧ
һĹǣžһվ洵硣
ôˣ
Сôӡ
ġ
Ͻȥڤҹ
֪ˣھȥ
һɤӺţһСϺʧ
СԺУüͷŽġ
㲻ȥݴ½Ѱʧǳ֮ɡ
ȻأҲܿ׺͵׷ɱ
ĵ׺͵ܵΣգ֪ڤҹԼʱ䣬һҵǳ֮ȥǽ磬Ȼصҵڤҹһᣡ
ͷҾһ£ĳЩϸ㸸ĸǱ׷ɱ
ȻδĵĸĸǴӷǸ˿е֪ĵĸ׽İһ֮նɱʮǿߣҲܲ²ĵʵֲ֮
ߣĺͽİݷ޶˽ǳΪ÷İ̥̥˶ѡ
ôôҲͱ׷ɱ޷Եȡ
ģ˽ǳ֮ô
Ų˲ϵգһ۽ģε̾һ
ǽڽ֮ϣǽԴǳǳ֮˼壬Դؼǳǽڿʼһöǳ֮
ŸĽŹǳ֮һЩ飬Ҹ֪ģΪǽĴսһǳ֮ʧڸ½ϡ
Ҫȥݴ½Ǹ岢Σ֮ء
Ҫȥô
ţҲڵʱ䣬ͽˡ
ѾҲȰ˵ʲôˡ
ҹıű·ϴƷװ˱֮Уҽֻпκܡ
һɫ˶װϱűĽվ֮УųϦദ˶ʱѣһĨЦ⸡š
ңҵǳ֮һһҪúõıأʲôһҪźͺ壡
ģҲҪСģǵ㣡
Сġ
ͷǻ
ųҫ۵Ĺâȹâﵽʢʱ򣬴ĵĽʧ
ֻض²ʹ֮ţûʱȥѰңֻ֮ţҪܵĸȴ൱صġ
âɢ֮󣬽ĳһƬİĻУΧһƬɽ壬۵ɫ
ɽﻨĹȣʱ˿ͷ۾ҵڵϲסķš
⣬ǿп󷨵ĺʹĸоǽҲֻҧӲĳš
ˣ
û¶ѣ
ף
ָгӰӣʵİӣһɫȹǵŮԼһɫȹźŮڽߡ
ʹĥŵĽļδߵ
磬ôˣ
ĿڵϳžʹĽģǵǡ
Ϊ󷨵ĹϵŻˡ
ڽָ͵֣һɱ˪˽ĵϣӻһЩʹ
ڽߵСգһ˫۾һεˮ˳յڵϡ
ˣСײ
˵˲¶ģ
³ȹľô˵Ҳдġ
Ӱ쵽ҹһʱ䣬ʹĥýһж˹
ˣȵˮ
ȼշž죬˾С׻˵ѲԶŲ豭Цš
ûң
УСÿ춼ˣϧǸ̫ͣһǣСÿ춼ڽ˵֣ϧ
С²Ǹϵ緢飬ںˣǿɳ룬ڱš
죬ôˣ
Ĳǵš
סһϤĸо
Խô룬ָоԽϤҶ϶ļҲϳָֻ档
ڵ޴½ݴ½ΪǸо˵Ĺ졣
ʱһ
֮ʱ׷׻عͷֻһŹչƵĳڼǰϸϸĿǰÿһˡ
ѽ԰˵һŮôӦϷ´ˣ
ȵȣ˼˵Ǿ񣿡
Ľͭ򽻸ߣͭʱȷҪȵǰŮӡ
ԶԶԣϷΪ֮ǰȲ㣡
˽ϺӴĴ峤˳ү

1566 

1566 
ݴ½ϺӴ塣
һɫ˶һȺΧߣ߷׷˵ʲôŮӴú֣֮Ļ
ˣݴ½ô
СףͻΪ˵Ž˴峤үļС
ү˿ֵĴ񣬶ζʳ
ү֪ǳ֮ʲôط
ү֪ǳ֮ڣүЦҡҡͷ
һô֪ǳ֮öʲôĵط
ֻǸһŮӣŮͭ򣬲ҽһŽ
λǾµţ˵ǿ֮Ȼ֪ǳ֮֡
£үתȥ뿪ʱͣ˽Ų
ղλ˵ݴ½ʵǰ޴½
޴½
ɫһ䣬ֲþƬ½ϵϢϤ
ԭݴ½޴½
Ľͷǰʾ£ȳԱ˵
УѪҺ֮еĳ޷ǵģȻʱֻһ
ڤڤ֮ע˵飬ݴ½
ĳһ㱨
ף
쿴ŽģǿеѹסĻ档
Ĵ򿪾ţֽϣֽдŹݴ½һЩ飬йǳ֮ںδ
ϺӴΪݴ½Եĵشݴ½֮ϣŲͬ壬ȵȵȵȹͬסݴ½֮ϡ
ǣǿ󣬵Ȼ壬壬һ壬׺һ壬һΪǿ
Ƭ½ϣ޿ɻûͣɳһڳ֮С
һأ֪ǵ١
ôоƭˡ
֪ΪΣָоڽԽŨ
žżǶٵ˽˹ݴ½顣
ΪҪıݴ½ϵǳ֮
ܾǰǽսǳ֮ɢĴһǳ֮׹޴½Ҳڵݴ½
޴սǵ׻ȵȵĻսΪľǶȡǳ֮ӶΪ֮
Ϊһսգǩ˺ƽЭ飬ǳֳ֮߿飬ߴ屣š
ߴ屣ǳ֮Ƭ
֮⣬Ҫǵǳ֮ƬҪн
Ҳ֪Ǹޱȵ
ֽϳ˸֪Ĺǳ֮һЩϢ֮⣬ǳ֮Ƭľλڡ
вɣ֪Ƭ䣬Ӱݴ½Ѱǳ֮¶ң
ֻ֪鷳齻֪Լԭ
ˣ
Ѿݴ½ҲڤڤеĶʲôҵǳ֮˵Ұ챨
ӣ˪Ļƽһ峤ô
ţܳһţ
ŵݺ׵һţҪҪгˣ
ա
𴲣׼ðȻԽﶼָ֮УЩֵöѾϰ߷˱С
˯֮ǰɫ˶ϴˣ糿ûиɣֻûһ׳ɫͬ˶
үлչˣ
ϺӴڣүݴ½ÿһʱԽ˵ʮ󣬲ҪѰҵ߿ǳ֮ƬҪӸ𣬸ҪƬ͵ǽ磬Ҫȥڤҹ
ˡи⣡
ڽļϱɾβС̬СգźĴ۾Ƶ˵ľɫһ
ôˣ
ˣΪԽ磬ǲշô᲻һЩ
С׵Ļý˲Цô͸ˣڲǿƼﵫϵµĶʮһͣݴ½
СһҪлѣ
ѾжûиܵշеĸоˣһԾ֮Уγɽٱڡ
һǳ֮Ƭ۹ڻʹ֮УϺӴݴ½ıԵҲ۹ıԶص㡣
Ҳ˵ڽһ˾۹ڡ
һʱ䣬ĲŴϺӴһУɼݴ½жôĿ㡣
˵ʲôҲˣȫɳӲ˵Ƥë涼ɳӣҲ󣡡
Сβ̬С׶ڿջϣ۳һ̲ë׵⡣Сצӻţ߽շˡ
ˣȥòã㿴С׵ëëˣ
Сһβͣβȫǻɳ鷳ġ
ҪҲҪǮа
ݴ½ͨĻǮҾʯǮɵ͵ͭңҺͽңʯǰ׾Ͼھ
ҵĻﻹһЩĻõĽңҲ֪òá
УڿջϢһϣȵڶȥ򾨴Ʊ
ҮˣҲ԰ǣ
СǣĿŽģ˴˺öǣžġ
ðɣܶԣҪССڵųԣ
ʱһıɫһ˶ŮõĶ֮⣬ȫǿζİǡ
óǣָС׾졣
׳ԾͺˣҲԣ
֪ǽİԵĶҾô࣬һһ
׸ͳԣ׿ɶ
İǿǵİװֱֽӽİһ˲䣬ϢӴݼӿ涼ǰǵζ
ڿջϢһϣڶ峿װ
С̰˯㱧Сص˽ָС
ӣû仯ܴô
СĺͶ˵Źھı仯
ǰľŮһ鶯ڵľ˺ܶ࣬һչСˡ
֪Сһֱžһʼᷳڵġ
˵ʱ򣬽Ŀ˶Ů˵İĽᣬ
ףȥǳ֮ɣ
ͣס˽Ų˼һϣջǾԼ뷨
ףֻʱ䣬ҲΪҵ鵢׵ĽŲǳΣգҸգ
쵣ĽģˣΪԼԭ赲׵Ľ̡
ɵӣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ֣ҪͷκԼ߳ࡣ
һ㣬׹
ԹԵĶڽǰܴĶͷ
װǿ󣬴㿪ڽ׵һ죬¾׵ǣȻ׵Ҳ¡
ǣ
ǣΣ֮Уһ㶼룡
֪ʲôڵףӵΪԹۣһʲô켣
еЦԽᣬӱóһǷ
׻˵úãĸͬϽ˵

ĺһ̣ǰ۹Ĺȣ׼۹ʹȡǳ֮Ƭ
ףôһɳζ
ϡ˼Եζİǣ

1567 ױǳ֮

1567 ױǳ֮
۹ݴ½ϵһǿĹҡ
ҽһ䣬ֻҪһľ磬ԵĻΡ
ǣҪǰ۹ĶǣٻҪµʱ䣬ٶȾ޿ľˡ
Ǿ仰ݴ½ܴ󣬱ȽеĻҪ
ǰ۹ǵ·ϣڴϽʶһŮ
Ůֻʮ꣬ǻһͣСѡ
ĺСرͶԵ仰һ
Ľ㣬һǰô
һˣȥ¶㣬ôҲһȥǣһŮӼҼҵĶΣա
ȥҵ
µʱС΢΢̾һһ˿˿įı顣
һȥ㸸ôûһô
ò˵СǸǳƯŮӣǣһ˫ӣ·ӡصһ㡣
ŽĵĻСҡҡͷ
һǰȥˣ֮ǰȥҵ
СѿڴϣŴƮɢƣȥʱĳۿ
Ҳ֪ڰΣʲôֻóһ͸Сѡ
ʲô
ǣǣģһǣʲôնûеġ
˵ţİѰİװֽСѵ
ζڴݼɢʱһִδζ֮͸¶ˮζ
úóԣ
ǣǵȻóˣ
ҲһǷǽһҸ
ֻнԼС׺;ڽָС
һΪĴƱ̫ˣڵǮֻԼĴƱ
ˣͬǽңֻӡĿʽһô۸ô
İѽָĽһݴ½ҵǮֻһǰǵĴƱ
Ϊ⣬˪
һ·Ҳ˿һЩ飬ǹڵ˪ͻƽȺս
˵ƽԱɵֶλʤΪʣ˪һӵӣɻв˪һʿҿ𣬶Щ֮вϵĻɱƽ
ҲΪˣΪʵĻƽһ´˱ɱǳڻƽһ˪ȥһǷ߸ɱۡ
ңƺƽһ֪˪ţԣ֮ед˶ɱĻ
Ϊ˰ȫҲΪ˳ĸ𣬲õǳ֮ƬĲòʱĶڽָ֮С
ҹɫ۹
һʱ㵽۹ĶǣſڴϿҹ֮еɫ

ըͿ֣Ի
һ
ǽ֪ݴ½κ˵̫ΣգΪԼҪԺóԵģһΣյ硣
Ҳֻеҵǳ֮Ƭ͵׺͵УȻڻصʮһȥȡ
ʱըֻտһԸ

ſˮĴӱóһɽš
գ磡
ڣڽʮγУ۹Ķǡ
Ľ㣬Ǿʹ˱ˣ
ţףҵ
ĵСҵĸףСҲͬףԼ顣
˴֮󣬳Ųͬķȥ
䶼Ǻܴ󣬴ﶼ޷빬
䶼ǵĵһ±Ҫһطסֻϧ޷ģҪһȰѽָһЩ
ڽҵһ䵱̵ʱ򣬻ûȽţһ˳˹
ֻһӵ˽ǰھ뽪ĴŰ׵ĵطҺʲôһ
ιҵı
ڵϵߴ򿪲ȻղһѵǲеĻƿˡ
ôôСģ˸ײˣ
ǣ˼ҶˣСߵô·Ҫײ¶ôźã
˯˵أ
ڵϵˢһ̧ͷһ˫ӿģɷ˵˫ץסĵ·
㲻ײңϷĻƿϷĻƿ
˼ң㲻ɰ˵ˣ㿴Ǯô
ݴһɫ˶·ݴ½֣ҲûǶ˷飬ϾÿһȺ֮ԼĴš
̯˫֣ʾԼ޷ģɿžסĵĿȲ֡
˼ңˣԷǰûˣ㴩ŵĶҺãҪҪӼһң
˵ģǰɵ˴Ķã˿·ӵ·ûһ˸ôթأ
ɽôһ˵ĿŽģ£еɫһʼɵʱ˿̵ıӡ
ԣǱӣ
զôù
վĴϵĳƺýĲûˮֹ̣˼תˡ

վԭصĽĿ߽ʧеıӰϵıҪôжôΡ

Ļ
ȻһɵүӸˡ
Բۣ
ıܴ
ϣĿűǮҴһ䲻СĿջõǳ֮ƬϢȻôǮҲǺ
Ȼڶ׵һʱ֮ʳ˵ǳ֮顣
Ӧû֪ɣڹ׻׼׻ļױǳ֮
ļٵģңǳ֮ʲôĴ˭֪׻ھǱѹţҲǳ֮ױԱ
˲ͬҲţϾǳ֮Ƭ˽֪ܾǰΪǳ֮ݴ½ս֮С
գǳ֮Ƭ߸ǿĲ屣ܣбн۹Ͱ׻۹
ʱƣ׻۹ΣŴú׵ֶԼĳ⣬۹ԮƽϢ׻۹ҡ
ˣ׻۹ҲὫǳ֮Ϊױһ۹
֪ˣ
ڶҡҡͷ֪һеĹؼ
֪಻ڴˣҲ֪׻սң׻үȻҪǳ֮Ƭ񣡡
˵õʱΧ˱һһ㡣
ɣ׻үǲǷˣĽǳ֮ƬĻݴ½񲻻һ
˵׻Ĺһκױǳ֮Ƭ˵Ѿڡ
ջеһһ̸Źǳ֮飬Ҳٵ˽⵽޴½ĵϢ
ݴ½ϣ˸ǿ֮⣬һ嶼ηĴڣǴġ
ͺĻ͹һ˵ĵǿ͹Ҫ
ˣûϵĿֻǳ֮
ҹɫпĺڰһƬ硣
Ũīһĺ˷ֲվںɫ¶ã֮⣬ָо˸ʧ䣬·ûȥ

1568 ҵ

1568 ҵ
ڴʱһâڽĵǰ
ĸоԼֱ˭ǣһһֱǰߣ֪˶ãҵ˳·˹
ڹֵһ˲䣬ǣֵʧˡ
ˡ
еĽҪŬĿ˳ʲôӵʱ򣬷ű졣
˭
λ㣡
ң
Ĳ⣬ݴ½ʱҲͺүСʶ֮ݴ½ûʶˣ˭
ϴһĴɫ˶¥ջõʱ򣬱㿴ɵүյĺŲ衣
СѾͷ
ү֣ʾ⽪ǰ
үӣ
һ⣬үô׷ˡ
ϷûϵϷĻƿҪ⳥
үһҧǽĴԼĻƿҪ⳥еǮ
˭ҪӽпǮҲôġ
ǰһ̤ڳϣһŶţ͵Ʀģ
⳥˼Ҳȥֻҿӱ˵÷֣˿ҵ³ʲô֪ô
Ȼ֪ôҵԼģǮΣŶûУ
ҲǸǮҲУϷȥһ飬ȵ鴦֮Ϸ򻹻ʮΪꡣ
ߣͣ
ĲүӼȥȲ˵²ʲôı֮үӹֵúܣΪ
һȰ㻹ûү˵껰ߣڵģ
үڽתߵʱæס䣬קŽĿһ
үӽĿ˿ΧС뽪˵š
㲻Ҫǳ֮ô֪ֻҪӦҺһǳ֮Ƭλã
˵˻ʱ򣬽İŷ˫иֳһĨ˪ɱ⡣
ȻǸܵ˽ĵɱ⣬ڲ˵Щʱ
˵Ϸ򿪳һϲ
϶˽ĲˣɿһЩССˣ׼һ߳һġ
°үһ߳һģʲôʵֱʣϷض֪޲޲
¹ǳ֮үΪ֪Լǳ֮ɣѹɱδκζֱֻĶߡ
ôң˲ã˼ҿϲһЩ̫̫
Ϊλ֪Ҫǳ֮
ûʱҲû߳ƤֱʳΪʲô֪Լ۹Ŀġ
Ϸռһ˲䣬һЩ档
ʲô
һţ֮еһѷذףֻҪ߸˵һֵļٻͱˡ
ҲûʲôϷͿ˾СҪǳ֮Ƭ
ʶ񣿡
ߵ˵ͷ˵Լ;Ĺϵ
ϸĻϷ򻹾ȹĹСǰʱҲ㣬ϷŻ㣡
߽ԼΪѰҽĵ˵Ҹ֪ģһжǾĿˡ
ҲΪ֪ԼĿġ
˵ǳ֮ϷȥϷҪĶҪĶ۹ĻʹΣ
ЦĿŽģȫ˵Ž䵥˺°빦
ʱҵԼҪĶҲõǳ֮Ƭ
ãȻˣ͹ˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĶϵľƱһԼ
߼ĴӦӦøˣ֪Ϊʲôĵȴëû׶
ѾͷܱܲôЦϷĻš
˾պףĻ˵۹ֶΪĵ˳С֮˾պҲ
СѾͷǲ֪Ϸ񻰣
ûȤһʱ֮ңȥ
û˾պ߶߶¥صԼķ䡣
˾պ˵ĻоҲκ©Ĳ˾պףҲУԽĸоԼ˵ˣˣһԼ֪ʲô¶

磡
ʱڶʮһ͵ľ˸磬ұɭɭķ䡣
Ҫðˣ
ûܰһ񣬶Ҳ䰡
վڸ¥ĳУ׼ȷһ¥
˭
ǰ̨ס˾񣬿ɲ֪ΪΣڿЦ֮ʱȻ֮ŮǱʲôôһ
ڤҹ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһۣԹԵϵ¥ߴ
ʱ߲У˱ֱվһԣһؿǰˡ
Ļûҵ
ĻҲûκϢ
סҴڤҹǴ¥ȥ
ιòŶõʱѾƿôҵ
˵ĲǱˣǾ
Ž˷䣬һڤҹ֮ʱ΢΢üͷ
ĵƷζôôأ
ȥ
ǣ
˷׷£ֻʣڤҹ;ˡ
Ȼ˵һ֪
عһ˫Ӹֳһ˿⣬ڤҹĿھϣ㲻˵Ҳ֪Ҫʲô
ֻ˵ʱΣĲڶʮһͣȥݴ½Ѱǳ֮
˲䣬е½˼㣬ǿϢҲñ쳣
ܲҰѻ˵¹ĵ¶ܲһģ
Ϊݴ½
ڤҹ˿ڣŽΪʲôݴ½Ƕʮһ͡
ôͳˣ
Ȼ˵˵бҪڤҹúõ˵һǰҪȻûħ֣ͯڤҹҲʲô¶ʱɲڤܽ¶ˡ
ǽ緢֪ڤҹҽǰݴ½Ѱǳ֮ԼغһЩԵҲ˵˸
ڤҹŭɢ˲١
ģ
˵ţһöӸڤҹҽ뿪֮ǰĻ֪
ˣһ飡
ڤҹΪĵ֮⣬һ飬ڤҹѰڶʮһǳ֮
ʱݴ½
Ĳ֪ڤҹ˵ʲôڷǳĺڣڴӦ˾պһ¡
СѾͷˣûϲ˰ҪϷиӣÿɺǿأҪϲĻϷܽΣ
˾үӣ㵽ǴȥףǴȥĻʹǳ֮
ⲻżǳ֮ƬرأȥãҪȵ׻޹֮ڽӰ׻ǳ֮Ƭʱǲ֣ܶ
˾պҡҡͷ֪ǳ֮ʱ
ʱУǻҪһЩܼ顣
磬ɣ
ɲҪСϷϷĸҵҵ˲Ǯأ
˾պףתȥĿĵڴϡ

1569 η

1569 η
ˣǸ˼򵥣
ָУ뽪ĵĶС
ˣǸͷӦһء
ΪβС׸ܸӦϢ϶˾պײ壬塣
Ȼû˵ҲĬС׵Ļ
һһɣ
ڶڽ˵ֻ£ҵ߸ǳ֮ƬΪӱʣµҲȥǡ
һöǳ֮ľɽУǺ۽Լġ
ǣ׺͵ǳУҪʱ䷽뿪Ҫʱһǳ֮
ҪǣСҲ֪ǵܻܵã
һ뵽ˣϱ㸡ֳһĨܰЦ⡣
ǿ
ָеС׸Ӧǰһɾ޴֪ʲôݣԵҲ˿־塣
ī󣿡
˳ָĽī
ī۹ռӴĸ¥ī˱ȱȽǣʱ˵Ŀⶼһ¥̨ϡ
ҵ찡û뵽ȻĻֶһΪǴ˵أ
ǲϹˣղļ˴˵еô
Ǵ˵еô
һ˫ۣŵĿ̨ϵıź³欵ŮʦЦӯӯеСûľ˵졣
λͣ飬һ顣
вͬ࣬ƽ˪ھȵȵȵȣһ˵Ϊϡ٣Ǳһ塣
һ֮أ˵ֻҪܳһ⣬ٳϣǵõһǽͬٵô
˵ϾǴ˵ݹݴ½ǧǧʷڵҲֹΣÿһζ˲
ī԰һγ飬˼ԼһС
飡
ָУҪǰס˽ŲŽָǿɢžӨ͸âӣһ۾֮⻹в⡣
ף
ôˣ
֪ô˵ֵܾ̫졣
ֻùԼڵĸо
ǻƽʣҲһĶ֣һϲսңԶԴ磬ǲȥŵģ
ȻˣΪʲô۹ī
ĳ֣Ҳһ˭ôǿɱһ
ʻصǰֱ죬¶򵥡
ˣߣжˣ
˶ڳǿ֮ʱСѽĸϽ뿪
ɲýתȥһǿīС
ͬʱʧ̨ϵֻһ³İ׷ӡ
Ǻˣ
һûˣֶ³İ׷ӣ֮Ȼϵ
īĴ˲֣׼
ǣǵ͹˶Էʵ
񾳵Ĵ֣ǰһжмܲס
˫ָɫӵɨˣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
Ǻˣֲʣ
һӣ֮кһ·ʲôڲϵسȡϵ
ڽе˾Ǳʩ˶һá
ճɵǲһ֣ףȤȻ˿ӱĽ磡
׼ȥʱһڰǰסȥ·
˲ڽĵڰУǰŹεŮӡ
ˣһﲻǣ
Сĸܵ˵Σգ׼ʱ򣬱ֹˡ
ãμ棬Ҫûɶ¶ĻҾˣټ
˼ӱǵڶ
ô׵ķν뿪ٴһᣬһҪǽȽļʱ㱻Ӹסˡ
ֵܡǽ޳ԶԹģڰɣ
Ĳǰ˶ֻ֣뿪
ƺŹģһ㿪УǰŮ˵Ǻη

1570 

1570  
Ϊ飬ĸ̤ī
ǰӡ
˭Ҳ֪ӵǺˣԿ϶ΪȻ˾
ڽĴӵʱ˵ĿҲŽġ
ǰŮǸ壬ܵΪȴ֮١
Ůˣʲô֡
Ž˭˫ֶżƺûмľٶ
ʱʱ򣬲Ӧڱô
ȻҲûбҪںīˡ
ˣǴʮ֮һС֮˱𻹲¹򡣡
ʮ
ջȺ˵ʲô֮顣
Ŷ֪ˣ
ĵ˵ͷʾԼ˽⡣
ᣬ˻Ҫûʲô¶Ļ͸Ա
˫ֱȭתȥƺѹͲý뿪
˻侹Ȼᣬ˻ȥ㾹ȻϷˣ𡣡
ǣλ̨Һ֮䶼ϤһҪҲţǶô˲ƫƫ׷ҸʲôֲǷǮ
ˡ
ĸ֣Ӹ߽ĺģ޷̽ŮΪοԼĽ磬ǲ֮뿪ġ
ҿ㲻Ǹˣв
Ȼǲ׷Լ뿪ˡ
УȻͱˣ
㲻֪ΪĽô߽Ҹ㣡
֣ʾʮ֮һǰԼΪĽ硣
ϹŴʮ֮һǰŮˣֶΣҲηʲô
û뵽ǣһ˲䣬һ佫ס޷
ΪССķס𣿡
ܣ㹻뿪ģ
İһת뿪ī˵޹أԼ鷳һѡ
뿪ī֮󣬽Ļص˿ջУ˾պͻص˿ջζʳżȵʱ򣬽ǰ
СѾͷզˣ˭ǵˣ

Լһ裬ĵĿ⿴īķ۵һĨ⡣
ۡ
ڳԼȵ˾պһڽļȫ˳ƺûĻе˭һΡ
ĸ
˵ԼǴʮ֮һôˣ
ʮĿһ˾պףںʲôı顣
ȷ֮󣬳Ű׻֮ʱ߰׻ǳ֮ǳ֮Ƭʱ򣿡
СѾͷô
ںǳ֮Ƭ飬˾үһֱŴʮ
ǼһôֲãղŸܵǹȻǴʮ֮һ
ôˣһĩյı顣
ǿǴʮ֮һ
Դʮʱ򣬽ĺ˾պ׶˵̬ȫһ
һ㣬ҪΪֻֻƬ˽⵽˶ڴĵһϢ
˾պμӹһδĺڹ֮ս
ƾһ֮ս԰ټƵĹңв޴ȸ׻ȵȵĹҡ
һս֮УƾУգ˫ǰǩ겻սԼ
ۿ꽫ʮȻѲҲΪǳ֮Ƭ
˾үӣ
֣˾պǰţүʲôֲ飬ô˾ᡣ
Ƭ֮˾үӴӻлصʵ̧ͷ˿ģм֮ɫ
ѾͷֵĻǱҪ׼ˣ
ʲ˼ѲǼһﻹҪǳ֮Ƭ
һ仰£˾үӵ˵ͷ˵һ仰
Ϸ²⣬Ǵʮ
ǳ֮ƬҲӵǿֻҪõ߸ǳ֮ƬƬԾۼһǳ֮ʱ򣬻ᷢʲô˭Ҳö֪ˡ
ԼҪĵõǳ֮Ļݴ½˵֮֡
΢΢üͷſӼһϸš
УĪ뵽ʲôӦ֮ߣ
˾үӿ˰ĳŸ㣬Ѳ뵽ʲôӦԵİ취ȵ֮׻ǳ֮ƬĽʽϣа취Ӧǳ֮ƬЩô
ûа
ʼ磬ҡҡͷ
ʹ֪ôߣ׻ʲôӶôʲôӦԵķӡ
ԣҪ˵ûӦԵķҲȻ
취ôһ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦеİ޷Ʊŷš
뵽İ취ܼ򵥣ҷǳֱۡ
֮˭Һǳ֮ƬҶش
ô򵥣ô
뵽İ췢Ǵ㲻˭ҺƬϴɾӵźˡ
ܵĵЦݣԭҪ˵Щʲô˾үӰѻ˻ȥ
뿪ʱǧҪŮˣǳء
ʼΪֻһϱ˸һЩСѾͷڿˡ
֮˾үŻڡ
У֮Ϸһ𣡡
׻̫Ӻף֮ŻĻʹٰʢĻ
ʱ䣬ĺ˾үӻĻʹй䡣
˵Ҳ֣ǸʮҲûֹ
˾үӼżֱҵǮ˶ȥɣžտݼթһǮ
ʱ˿̣˾үӽرһӵĴȣϰϵʹ
ˣϷײϷ
ѰĻթҪôҪôǸżһ¹ȴЦҡҡͷ
λδײ㣬δ㿪
֮⣬˾үɣֻǹ·ѡ
Ϸ򲻹ܣײϷǮ
˾үթİ¹֮ʱһ˶ĽĵŰǳ֣šе˾үӣ۵ıӡ
˾үѹ벻ԭҪթˣû뵽һµĹȴһȥ˶ѹϡ
ӣӣùӾɲҩù
ѹڵϵ̺˾үӶסˣĵʱæȡ
ģϷϷҪǱѹˣû˵ȥˣ
ıתװʶ˾үӣκ˵߶Լߡ
һߣ㽫һҩιȥڵҩڵʱ򣬱
ҩкܴĸãǼҹڱڼôҩĻһͻȥڤ硣
ĵǺģֻǿŰ¹ƣټϱ˾үթҲʵ͵һˡ
ʲô
óһҩҪӵæִš
ȻǾǹˣҪңһյĹǹӾͻˡ
ĲвֻǺı˵¿ηͦˬġ
ԥ˼˵һߡ
֪Լҹӵһ۹ҲҪǳ֮Ƭ

1571 ɱô

1571 ɱô
οǣԼҹӷŮ˵ҩ󲻾ɫתࡣ
ͨһ˹˽ǰԼʵжԼĸм
ıͻľٶһ
硭ûûڵǲд˴ɣ˵ҲûǮ
λղ۲ʶ̩ɽҵù˹ӣ
û¶Ϊҽʦְڣùһ
Գҽʦʱ˿˿˴ˣһߵס
һߵףߵĴ
ͣͣͣȻҲҵɣ
СѾͷôϷļֲȥˣ
˾үӱɶ˭뵽ûɳɹЩѹ
ʲôؿջ˵ôϷĿˣ
˾үӼĿýĸϽӦҪȻĽտܾԼļˡ
ջ
ڴϣ˫ۣɫȻת࣬Ծǲ̬Ĳ԰ס
ȫ뽪˵ԼһκιܾҽԼҹӡ
ֻҪܾҼҹӣǮԣʲôԴӦ
ʲôܴӦ
ôĿ
΢΢üͷĵĿڷϡ
Ȼģȫ͸ŹӦòѰˡ
ʱһŹӵ˾үӸ˽һʾ˳ȥ˵Ҫ˵
⣬˾үӰ˫ۣ۵һ˿˿ȵı顣
СѾͷӦò֪Ǽһݰɡ
Ǹ󡣡
ÿ϶Լϣи˵ϣϢ
ԣǼһﲻһJϷҪûĻӦȸĻӵܡ
˾үԼϢټõ˵һЩ鱨ϵʲôݡ
ȸӣ𣡡
Ȼ˭Ĳģĵүӽ˵һ
ȸǳ֮ƬڶĸҲǵʺС
˾үӸ֪ģõȸǳ֮Ƭ¾η
Žеʣ˾үҲ֪ʲô
ȸ¶ңǻ֮¶壬ҪϷĻҽηڱף
УҾүһأ
Ȼ˾պ಻׵ĵطЩϻֵŵġ
صУĴӦη𣬵Ҫס˵ĻʲôӦ
Ȼ֪ĵĿȸǳ֮ƬؼıǾηӡ
ǰһԣΪ
ܵʱü΢΢
Ǽҹӵ׵˭ĹƶͶ˸ӣ
ӣֶ
ܰҲǲˡ
˵һǼ׼ǳ֮Ƭģ
ҲԼĿģһʵ֪Ͼһжغ˹ӵĲҡ
֮νģΪһҩ衣
Ǽ̫ҽʦҩҲΪΪ˾ιʩеķ󣬿ɶûһҩļЧ
˵ıһݣȫϣҲϣ
ǹӵĲ黹ûкתǵĽֲǸΪصĴۡ
ʵģϲ̬ȣ
˲̬ȣĵǺ͡
˶Ƿֱҷ磬Һᡣ
ҷ֪ģԭа˻͹뿪ֻʣˡ
ǣǲȱۣȸ֮䲻ɲǺôΪʲôɲǺߣ
˾ү˵һȸ֮ɲǺǴɲǺнĻص
ӣûʱˣ
ΪӵĲ飬Ҳѡ·ƴѪ·͹ǳ֮Ƭ
һԼŹӵ˾պҡҡͷˡ
һҪ׻ʱǳ֮Ƭ̫̫࣬ʮˣƾ˵Ҳڶ֮ǳ֮ƬҲ̫С˰ɡ
Ȼ˾үӹ˼ɵ˵鲢δ˵仰
ʱڴϵķ𻺻˫ۣǰֵİŮӣɲ֪ΪΣŮӸĸоºƽɳĮһȪһ㣬ȥ˸ꡣ
Ǻˣ
ǾˣҪŵĻĹƶ͸߰Ķдֽϡ
Ŀŷ̬ȲδԷȸĶӶϥôӲӵģǰǲˡ
˾ҪһͬʵĶԴ
ӣλҽʦ
һԵҷ˵ŽϵԼʱ򣬷иֳһĨĹâ
λ
λﳤ̵ģֱӽҽҽʦ΢һµԼٸ
ı˫ۣΪ
Ƭ֮󣬽óֽʣֽдҩ
ЩץҩסһζҩҪ˵ģҩƹô㳶㶼ҪģһҪ˵ҩݣף
ãȥ
ҷҩ뿪˿ջϴɾ˫֣óһǷһԵ˾ү۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
ѾͷϷҲһ£
Ҿʹһ㣬һһǮҲ
Ѿ֪ٴξܾ˾үӵİ˵Ҳ
֮ҷһһҩݻˣҩݵʵû
һǼҹӰǹԡͰ棬ЩҩԡͰУʱȳȥ㶫
˵ţ֣һӾôһ¶ӽָóһƱķڽĵС
ҽʦЩǲˮǮ
ϣ̫ˣ
ô˵ĵĶǮ˽ָȥ
У˾үƺδ뿪ҷźŷҩԡŰѹ׼ȥ
˾үӼŵʱͣ˽Ų
𰡣ЩϷ򲻸ö¶ϷҪһ䣬еʧСѾͷҪĶǳ֮ӦϷ˼
Ȼ˾պʶ𣬽ϷһĻ֪˾պ׶⻹ģ񣬷Ѿ뽪ʶʣµ·ҪԼôˡ
лү
˾պ뿪ķ׵ͷԼл⡣
ʱѾ뿪ջĽһӣĸСʳȫŽ˽ָС
С׾ɸ˻ˣԵǽһ졣
ˣ⡫
УҸһֻȫ򡣡
Сֻ
ֻԵô
СССһͷôܳԵֻȫ
ˣǲ֪Сʳþ޴󣡡
˵Сı仯Ҫɱˡ
ΪԼСܹ˳ɱڣ˸ָĳԵĺͲƷ˽ָһ·һ̷֣ǾͲѽһ幩ԼУһÿˡ

1572 ͨ˶

1572  ͨ˶
ȽĻصջѾʱ֮ˡ
ҲǷҩԡʱ䡣
򵥵ĳڷ¥׼β
ҩԡöشųȥȻһҩԡȻὫȫųɾ
ҽʦ
ģЦţЦ崺磬ĵʮ̹
оΣ
оöˣҲһˣ
ҷĲ£˽Ķľϣַϣý
ţʳҲҪɿڣǳһЩ嵭ĶһҪɾƣ
á
ͷʼһĨЦ⡣
ڸģܻۣһЩ
ϴɾ˫֣Ĵӽָóҽҩ䣬ľʵҽҩзİ
һȫѨλĳһѨλʱ򣬷ͷϵ亹ˢһӵ˫ȭʹ
Щۡ
Щ۵⣬۵޷ݡ
Ҳ֪ʱ˿̵ķŶôҵʹҪǹȥĻһҲͰ׷ˡ
졣
ʲô
ڳܾʹķû˵ʲôоһζ·˲еʹһ
ҽʦǣ
ǣģҪǿ۵ҲŲ÷ָԣ
˵·Ʒ֮⣬˼һİǣǰݴ½ϡһһ
罪˵һҪǿڷ۵Ҳİǡ
л
лë
һʱʱ䣬ĶڷΪʩ롣
ĵǲѣѵɳ
дĹƶͶصϸֱҡͷ
ǽ˶ٳңЩҩƶҲԼˣ
һǾڷʣȸĻ壬Ϊ޷һǿǣҪǻ˵Ļǧ˰ٻˡ
Ҳ⣬ΪȸĶӣȻڻӵô涾ƶʹǸʲôԵģ
УǹڷҪǳ֮飬˾үӵĻ˵ȸǻʺȨʺǷĸףһϵоٶ˵
ˣϾǱ˼ҵ飬Լֻβͳɣκ˷Ĳʱ˵ǳ֮Ƭ¡
ʱ䣬һĹȥ
⼸֮Уڽҽҽ֮£ĲۿɼٶȻתҷҺǺ޲üһŰԼĸм֮顣
ĲˣֻҪɣ汻µķӡô
˵һһ룬ҵĿŷ𣬺ð˵Ļ
ܽܽ⣬ķӡжʮˣҪ⿪Ļ˵зա
ҽʦʲôķգ
ҷ缱æŽģԼҹӾ̫ĥѣܽķӡ⿪ĺϢ
ô԰롫ķӡ⿪֮Էһ磬ҲԵȵ׳Ϊˣ
˵ĲδԽ⿪ķӡҪõ˵Ĵ𰸡
ңӡ֮һΣգ⿪ӡĻҹӿԻ
仰˼ĸһҪ⿪ӡ൱һΡ
֮ǳɻңǾҪԼ컯ˡ
ǰ׻׵ӣҪȥһЩ׽Уʱ俼ҪҪ⿪ӡ
ҽʦҪȥʲô飬ǿ԰æ
ҷҺ˶Խǽһ׳Ƴʲô鼴Ը⡣
ǻǰشڿջɣҪȥ׻ǳƬȥǸһǸҼͣ
룬ձضַǷҷҺ˵Ȼͣϴʮ֮һǲģ˵˻ǴڿջźȽϺá

Ȼ֪ĵĿģû뵽ôֱ׵˵ڽĵĺˬֱ׸кøмӱ
ۿʱţǰ׻̫ӳ֮ա
һгĶԶ׻׶鴩¡صķ̣׻Ĺھĵ׺ľ޴󻨽֮гʹȥ
·ͼˣŲȿֺĿţһ˻ɴ׻ݸǰ
ۡǰ׻Ȼķˣ
˵׻ĹĲɷһ紫һ㣡
һߣ
Ҳ׻֮ˣ֪ΪɶܾЩԾ
ǳ֮ҪԾԾԼиëĹϵ
켣Ⱥ֮УĳŻʹķȥ
˾үӺþҲҲٵȥ˻ʹ
ʹɭϣ̫ӵºͰ׻֮գʹڵ׺ϲ쳣
Ϊ˱˵ףĽ⴩һɫ˶
ټϰ׻ǴҲʮֹ죬Ҳѽĵ˰׻׶еһԱ
˾ٰĴ˸λһϯλϣζȣһԵĹԱҲΪ˰׻ĹԱһĵ˵żĻ
ͬϲͬϲ
ֻ˳ŵĽżջͬϲͬϲʳ
лһһضݸ÷޶԰ݣ̫񳪷޶԰ݵʱһâȻݺݵʹĴϡ
ǹâɢ֮ſߡ
ʮˣʮ˴ŮȥͲʲôǵ
̫ӺͰ׻ʱͨ˶
ͨ˶
һġʮ
ʮˣôͨ˶
Ļˣû뵽һľȻͨ˶񣡡
ͨ˶˭
ĲߵԱԱĽΪͨ˶
һȺɱ֯ĳԱԼΪԼһЩӵֶΣݴ½С
֪ڻ£׼Ӧ֮ߣ
ͨ˶׼жʱһ޴ķʮȵС
ڴĹ㳡ϯĿ۳ʲôӡ
ʲôͨ˶Ͳˣ޷ѣһֻֻĺһǵ˺Цֹ
ʱ̫С鲽˳µĿűеͨ˶
Ǵϲ֮գ²ɱ˰ͨ˶ѹΣն
ǣ
ǵʧǰ
еҰ
ͨ˶׶û˵Ͱ˴Ա֮ڶ֡
ͨ˶֮м˳֣νʵǿ󣬿һһǿӲֶѹΣȵЩ˵Ľһ̡
ˣȴǳ˵֮⣬ʹ˶һƬ־֮С
߲ǱˣǴʮ֮һ
Ȼ˾үƲһĿǳ֮Ƭ
һɫ֮䣬ǿϢǵصϮ˲ó
̫׻֮գӦء
³İ·ӳ֮ڣУһ£߸ŵһͷɫӷ˻֮

1573 һҽʦ

1573 һҽʦ
ˣ
Ŀųеǿߺɫı֮ʱ߱ˡ

ڶʮһ͵ʱ򣬺ڱڹұ˷
Ҳ֪ڷΪźڱȫǼ⣬һܺóԡ
˭
֪ôǿһ򵥣
ҵ찡ѲɿˣȻ
˭
԰˭
֪ˣȻǰźɫӵɫİ׷Ǵʮ֮һ
ʮ֮һ
ѲɡѲɾǴ˵ɱ˼ʮǳصħ
ûû뵽ǳ֮ƬȻ˴ʮ
֪°׷Ǵʮʱǻ
ϾǴʮ֮һ׶аɱ˲գ۵Ĵ
Ҳ˾үӿе֪ǰսѽǩԼ֮顣
ѵҪΥԼô
ʱͼڳһ뽪Ŀ֮Уν˶ΡСɽһÿһ͸ǿɼΪжô
û´Ļ˱ĵۣ
˭ûǴĻִ۹Ӧ˾ճǼһ
ȵ֮ӣ˾ʡ
۹Ļʵ˾ŭһԭڸ֮ɫɢȥߵĺڱͺҪǰ
ǵõ壬㣬ڴ׻ǳ֮ƬǸѡ񡣡
ѹû˾ʿС
ʮʮ˵սٸҵĹҲη壬οһ۹Ļʵۡ
һĿıΪǳ֮Ƭ뿴ǧʱȥˣĵûг
Ҫ֮ҲҪûֱ¡
һ˾ȫһɫĹâ壬˵еǹˮֻ֣Ҫ岻ƣκ޷͸˾ʵ
ǿǿ۹ݴ½ռҪһϯ֮ء
úúãñʶʶ˺ֻ򣡡
һɫĳûʱһѳڰֱ任Ϊ˵ɫĳգ֮䣬ƵɫһŨܡ
Բۣ
ܾʹܣ˾Ͳˣ
ڳĹԱǷ׷Ѱұѵ㣬ߵһͻᱻɫ͸
һʱ䣬ԭϲĻʬҰһ£
ħȻ񣡡
һǳ˵Ϊ۵ܼȣһӣɫĹâϣҲ׷ж⻤޹֮ˣż˸
УһȺϣҪȰһ䣬ǳ֮ƬȻԸ
Ҳֻ˵һΣħаǳ֮Ƭ룡
ȻһҪƬһƬֻдһܼܲ
Ҫô۽ܣҪôѪϴʹ
һʱ䣬ţ
ɾڴʱһǳǳ͸ӰȻϢĴս˾ʡ
Сģ
ĳѣʱҲߵΣգǶڷ֮ʱд˼
ɵĴħ
˾廤壬ǹˮ֣ȴһƵ壬Ǳħ
ħһذףаħĲ˼񶾵ķӴذףɿԿԡ
Ѱʱ˾ʲҪֻ·ѪɺӣΪ˱Լĳӷŷģħɳ֮
ôôһ𣡡
Ů欵ص˶ߣȴˣǽҲĿһ͸Ӱӵ
ʲô
Ҧ鲻Ҫ֣
Ҧ
ҵ죡
ҪҪ˻ˣ
һѾͷˣһʮ֮һѪħҦ
УҦʮóɱ֪½Էأһħذף׾ٵɱǿߡ
ѽѽô˵ɾˣҲһƬģȴ㵱¿ηأ
ҦһֱûֳΣ͸ӰڰƯУʱѰҿԽ˾һĻᡣ
۵Ҳô
ɵаħű·֮͵Ϯôᱻˣ
һԾ˾ǰѹͲǼҦĶֻ֣ѪɫĻſʣ
˵ķݶ
Ҧ֣Ϊ˵õǳ֮Ƭһ˵ǾԲӦ
Ѿͷ¶
ʱ˾үߵߣ˫֣ϵı鼸ء
ɶ¶
Ҳˣ˾ǺˣֻҪ˾ʣߣϷ֤˫ַϰ׻ǳ֮Ƭ
˾үѪǳ֮ƬΪýľˡ
֮⣬ûиõһЩʣǳ֮䣡
˵߸ǳ֮Ƭ߸ұܣǱĵطȴǲһģҪ֪ʣĸǳ֮Ƭľλá
㿪ֻҪϷܽܵķΧ֮ڣϷȢ㶼ǿԵġ
лл˼ҵĺ⣡
˾үһۣ˻ǡ
֪۽˾ʿʼı˾үӵˣ˵ץ׼˾պ׵ʲôҾλ˵ղһȻһ
˼ˣҪǳ֮ƬȥҾˡ
ҦһԼٶ䣬׼ڽӵİ׻ǳ֮Ƭȫɱǳ֮Ƭ
ڼҦ׻Ҫǳ֮Ƭ֮ʱһӰԸٶȳ֣һ߳׼ݵ˼Ҧϡ
һҦײʯϣǼҦͷѵ
ʲôˣ
һѪӿѾֳεļҦվŭŻеĽġ
һɫ˶ŰǵĽĳǰͬҲ˰׻ǰ
ǳ֮Ƭ˸һĪ֫
ʲôˣ
Ҧȥħ׼ģҪʲô֮󣬽һˡ
ֻϧȴп˼Ҧһ׼ȷĲ׽˼ҦλãһֶĲֻҪ΢΢һͼҦֻء
վڲԶ˾ү֪Ǹǿߣû뵽Ȼǿز
ǿǴʮ֮һѪħҦôƷˣ
ң۹һҽʦҲ
ҽʦ
һģ
һĵѪħҦ
Цذɣ
ʵϣĿɲԼ鷳ҪѰʣµǳ֮ƬǱԼʵضΣء
ǳ֮ƬǻΣ

1574 

1574  
һɫ˶Űǣ˫ֲ嶵һѡըıˡ
ǰǳ֮ƬĴȥɣǳ֮Ƭģ
һҽʦ
ǣסļҦŬĻţڼҲһŵ
ԩγ𣡡
㣬ɵǰҵɵӣô㲻֪զ¶ô
ԩγ⻰˵ôôЦأ
治֪Ҧôô˼仰
㣡
ʱɫڰ֮Уڽ࣬ΪӦŲòſҦ
յҦһУʧӰ٣ֻһԽġ
˫ɫ֮УߵĽķֲ
ò˵ΪҪȼҦ߳൵Ρ
ұô
һμģŮӵΪеĻҪ
ؿԽҪһϸ¡
浹ùôĶ㣡
ܶӰҲԼ֮Уɴ˫ֶżκж
ԲӦ䡣
Ůˣ߱֡
ҲǸ߹ôҽ˻
ı˫ۣѰͻƿڣ˫۵һ˲䣬һĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ﶼˣˡ
ҴĳڣֱȥȻһյĹ֮󣬽ĳ˹㳡ϣе
ԽĸȤܽӶƽⱾ󷨣ǵڶˡ
ס仰ᣬδǰѻ˵
Ŀɲ֮ʲô߰ҵĹϵ
ǰɡ
̧һ˿Ц⡣
ҷ󷨣ֻҪҵ󷨣Ҿǳ֮ƬΣҲʡĴ󶯸ɸˣ
ĵȴĴ𰸣һĨƵЦӦ
ãҪǺεȰ󷨡
У˵ˣ뿪۹
ĺԼ˭ΥԼڤ֮С
վԶ˾˵ֱۣŽüע⵽Ů֮ľٶôһ¶
壬Ů˭
۹£˭ȥɶ¶һ˵ѾͷҪˣ
ѹֵϢǿ˾ү˲俪廤ڽ⻤˲䣬׵ǧƵ׵粻ϵĴӰ¡
룬˫ֽӡ
ħ󷨣
ûõĲǱ󷨣Ƿħ󷨡
Ѿ֪жû÷ħˣѾ̤˸ߵһ㾳磬ȱħ󷨵ʤǰˡ
ⲻ֪ħ󷨿һ˲䣬㽫۹ĻʹУҪǽļʱС˷Χ۹ʹȺ˶Ҫˡ
Ǵʱ˿̴󷨱Եش˾ү뷢ģ̵죡
ɡ
Ц⣬ŨҵĸϣЦʮǷᡣ
֮УΪԽǿħԽᱻ׵ԣԽͣ˾ĴǱԵĶ
׵缸Ũܵ˼㣬Ⱦ׽ٻҪֲ
ĻѾ룬ȫʧ֪
䡣
䣬Ľӡ˫ɿִ¶óһӸ
ģʲôҦѼţ
һɫСѧŽĵľٶǿǵ£͵
ĸоǰδеζռԺ
һα䣬һα㣡
һ˵һ£һӮˣ
ʧǰӰʧɫУĻع˾үڵĵطȻҮ
ãһЩЦˡ
˾үӣ˾ԼվԶܵĹԱһըëȤ
㻹ЦϷһǣϷԭ㣡
ûУ
ƽǲϷ򣬿ʶôõʱ䣡
˾үСһţԼȡǵȨһԵĹԱԼվ˾үߵҲ˫۲ŵĿ塣
Ϊɶ߳Ƶһǧʱ˿̾ͺСһҪǹе㡭ˣ
ӰзµĽ˾պߣһǲɵı鿴˾үӡ
ʹ˼Ҧʹ˼Ʋ䣬ڲһͷۻô
ô˵Ҳͦеģ
˾պ׵˵ͷСѾͷôһ˵ô
ҵĶأүǴӦҵģ
ģɶǽȥ˵ż
һúõĻڴͻȻ֮±쳣졣
򵥵ʰһ£ݲݵĽˡ
ı˾үק鷿
鷿ڳ˶֮⣬˾ʣԼ̫˾

1575 ǰȸ

1575  ǰȸ
˾ˣұϵѪϵҽǰҽΣֹס˿ڵѪҺ
ɣ
ĸ˾ʰ˿ڣ˿ǱˣǴʮ֮һȻѰİ취ҽΡ
ڽҽ֮£˾ֱϵ˿ֹסѪ
ˣ˾үӵϣձʮöҾУǽƱ
ϴɾ˫֣Ц˫ۿ˾ʣʾβ顣
ʮңǽƱ
Ůôȥ
̫˾Ҫ˵ʲôȴ˾պһ
ʮѣ˰ȥöʮƱ
ǣү
ү
˾үΪүתͷϡ
аû뵽ү㻹۹ү
Ц˾պױ淢Ц֮ʲô˼ҲԸȥ
˾պҲףѾͷҪûթһʣ˵ǳ֮ƬȽףҪȻԼͷ֤˵ʮƱˣƱҲ²סѾͷ졣
ǸɶϷѾܾòڻʹˣʺϷ򣬻ڵȽϷϷݣ
εЦţ˾պߵǰ֡
Щ±ƣ֪ԼҪʲô
ɵͰ׻ǳ֮Ƭ
ףܽǳ֮ƬŮӣ
һֱŲˬ˾ȴ˾պһ۵ɵĵס
㵱ϷĻǷƨ˵ˣҪûСѾͷְĻ˵ˣ۹춼ˡ
˾պ뵽۹׻۹֮ʱǳ֮Ƭû뵽ʮͼҦ֡
Ҫ֪ǰһսʮĿֲ֮û˱ĵս
Լɢʮ˴γҰҲ˵飬ǵĿǳ֮Ƭ
˾ү˵һҪûнĵĻ۹ձض˽ѡ
ңʮ챻ˣÿ춼п֣ܳĲԶͣ۹
ˣ罫ǳ֮ƬСѾͷΪףο۹Ѿж겻ܴǳ֮нȥˡ
˾պôһ˵˾ȻˬҲ˵Ļ
Ͼ췢һĻĻҪǽûֵĻձضѪսһĻ档
ǳ֮ƬϷ򣡡
ðɣ壡
˾̫ȡǳ֮ƬͰ׻ǳ֮Ƭ
ǳ֮Ҳֻв϶ô󣬸οƬƬˡ
лˣ
Ǯǳ֮Ƭһ۹֮׬ˡ
Ѿͷ³Ը㷹ɣ
ˣҸʱ䣬үӣһǳ֮Ƭλ͵ջȥ
˵껰ͷҲص뿪۹Ļʹֻ鷿еˣнʧıӰ
壬ŮӵǺˣ
֪Ϊʲô˾ܾýһرϢϢеϢ֮;βϢ
о˰ɣ
Ҷǲˣ
˾үֻô˵ģҲĿԴˡ
СѾͷݴ½ôĲ
ҹɫ۹
ϣĿ˾үӸֽֽдŵǳ֮Ƭλڡ
Ͱ׻ǳ֮ƬõˣһҪǰȸѰǳ֮Ƭ
һΪ˳·ڶôǮ
֮ǰ˼Ƭ֮ڴӦͷȸҲֱܼףصȸ֮󣬻һеǳ֮Ƭõ֣͸ġ
ҽʦȲ裡
л
裬һԵҷЦţЦƺûǳһ㡣
ҽʦ˾ү˵۹սʮ֣ͼҦ
ͶԽĳ֮ʵҷǼٱһ֮սǶôǿʵ
ҲսɣսʱһЩСֶΣ
ЦţҷҺҲǵֵһ̸Цš
ҽʦһ䣬ΪҪõǳ֮Ƭ
ҺһֱҪ⣬öǳ֮ƬһǿǣǰսһΣĵħҲûܴߴ۾ǳ֮Ƭ
ΪҪˣ
׺͵ڱǳУҪҵǳ֮ƬΪӸ֮ǰǽ硣
ңһڵ
Ҫˣ
˵ҪĸֵʱںȲķ΢΢̨һ˫һ۽ģװʲô鶼ûзŲ衣
ţ׺͵Ҫõǳ֮ƬΨһɣ
ĸҽʦɻˣ
ŽģܸоõĿеǸҪ壬Ƿô
ûУ٣ŲʲôĥҵңҲҵ
ڤҹʼնڤҹţ
ˡ
ƺʲôתͷŷ
ȸǲһ׷Ůӣ
ֱ׵Ļŷȸǰʱǲһ׷Ůӡ
׷
ȸļأҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪ȸ֮һȥһ
Ҳó飬Ҳһʰˣ
׸ԼʱᵽһֻҲȸ֪ȸûйϵ
һ·뿪۹ȸ۹ȥ
ϣĽ̻˷齫ԲŲôζ
ҽʦЩ鲻֪ɷһ£
һֱʣǲĻĽĻΣա
ʰɣɶ¶
֪ǲҵĴҸоϵϢвͬ˪һϢ
˵˪һʱ򣬽һ£ôôʹ
ôô
һӣ죬С׺;ڼǰ

1576 ӡ

1576 ӡ
ָεϢоĴڣô֪Ϣ
죬С׺;ǰʱ򣬷ҷҺĸ˵ı鼸Ŀࡣ
ΪϹûɵģСǾβһ壬˵ǰ˪
Ϊ࣬Իƽ˪ڰΪס
ǰսƽԱɵֶμɱ˪飬˪Ľδ뿪˲֪䡣
ǰ˪һӣΪһķȻӦõŷϢ
⣬һѰѰ˪
˪һң
ţҴӣҲ㣬һεĿһΪѰǳ֮ƬҪ۹㡣
ֱ׵ĸ߷ǴеĿģΪǳ֮ƬҲΪ˸
ҵ찡û뵽һô꣬һμ˪
ҷʲô˵ʲôԼоȵı飬ǿ˪һ壬ִұѺص˪֮⣬ôãһμ˪
Ǹһʱ
ҷԼϵĹʧæǸ
Ҳˣ˪Ϊǿ壬˪Ȱ񰮺úƽƬݴ½档
ԺսĻƽһΪ߰岻Ϲ棬ٱս
Ȼһսҷ绹ûгΪ֮սҲǣ˲ٹҲС
һӵ˵Ϊ˪ʹ˼²Ϊ˱޹֮ˣǲᱻƽ͵Ϯɹġ
֪ƽһ˪һ巢սҵԭΪΣ
Ҫ𣬾Ҫ֪սɡ
ȸĻӣӦ֪ս顣
һ죬һӣһڼǰŻԻƽΪ׵սɺ˪Ϊ׵ķսսҵеĳǰ
һУǽĴ˿һսɵԱɵֶӮʤ
Ϊ˱²˪ʸԸ˪һĽŻδ룬ûбɱ
˪񣬱ץıץɱıɱǻҲԶĽĽ֮С
ŻϸֳһĻһĻ˫ȭеĳԽŨš
ģһ㱨ģ
ĺ󱳣
ǰ磬Ҳߣ
ң
Сҡžβͣһ˫۾գգ͵Ŀ졣
ҹɫ
ϣ죬С׺;˻ص˽ָС
ʧеˣɵһ˿˿档
ʲô
ĲûпĺɫȻСһôԼߵġ
Ҳûʲôֻںѡ
Ȼ
Ҳûʲôɺģʱ򣬴֮˻δ˪ʱ컹Ǹ
˵Լ죬С׵ֻԵ
һУע˵飬һ˵ţҲʱȻ࣬ȴʵĺܡ
ųһ߱ϵرͼһգȵһ鶼֮ȻҪصȥѡ
׼һ£ȻѾѡ˽⿪ӡͺȫӦԣ
ãлҽʦ
Ӧõģ㸶ǮҾҪǮ²ǣȥ˯ˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ뿪ˣʧڷС
գϡ
ȸ۹۹ڣҪ۹ǰȸ۹ҲҪµг̡
׼룬һɫĳڵϡ
⿪ӡĹΣգ㲻κεۿʲô룬Ҫҧͦȥ֪ô
ã鷳ҽʦˣ
ҷ磬Һһߣڰ;ʲôԤ֪Σա
ֿʼΪʩ룬ʩĹ̺ܼ򵥣⿪ӡҲѡ
ѵǱʩ˷ӡķڽ⿪ӡʱҪܵʹһܳܵסˣǷ֮壬ɾˣҲǾһ
⿪ӡ֮޷ֽһҪôǳɹ⿪ӡָѹɵõ컯
ڶһͿأ׵׵ΪһҰ֮ڱֻ֮С
Ҫ֪Ƿˣһ˵ͬ٣ٻóãֻǹ̡
еһ£ܵʹѾݡ
亹סĵһԵҷ˵ţȴǰΪԼ΢ľٶ˷ԣ߻ħ
˲κξٶ˻Ź
ģһҾԸٶȳڼ˳ľԱߣһ죬ֻʮ˴Ӿ˳¡
ҷ磬Һᣬ棬Ľǣ
ǣǾͷ罪ҽʦˣ
һ˾棬ֵĶ˽֡
涣İ˫ŵӰ
ǰˣֶΣ㻹̫һЩ
飡
֣һɳֱӴ̴ںڰ׼ɱ֡
ϣ
һӵϣ׼ʱɱ
ʱķڻþУþСʱ飬ʱĸʻţĸ۰ǲ֪ôһж˱仯
ˣĸĮ쳣ÿ춼ҪһЩɬҩ֪֭ǶҩΪĸģֻн¡
أþ˱仯һŮӳǰŮ֣ٻ
ǰվԼǰĽģôôͣһеơ
Ȣҿɺãҵӣ
þеĽЦӯӯߣеЦᡣ
ϣһжģ
˵ʲôѽѽ㿴Ǵϲأ
һתһƬɫϲĻ档
ԼϴϲҲһɫļ£ѣΡ
̫е񳪣˵һضݸãɷȴǳٳû
ôˣѵ㲻Ȣô
룬Ϊβ룡
֣̰ḧŽĵա
ǰʵϣȴԶߡ
ϣԼ˫ۿĵĵһۣ㱻һ˫ʱʱթˣһ۱ĸԸĶ֮УǰҲĸԸ
⣬Ǹ˵һɣ
ǣ֪һӣǸҲŽģӵУֻϣԼڽĵ߱á
ʱǣŽĵֻɿǰĲᡣ
ΪҪɿҵ֣𣬱ߣ
վԭصĽĺŷ𣬶ת뿪˴
Χľɫϵת䣬ֱһǰ
빬ŵѾĸʣչһԵĸ
˱жһԣǣʱĻȴ쳣Ĺ죬ĸɱ˸ʡ

1577 Ƶ

1577  Ƶ
ǰ
ˣ
Ϊʲô֮ĸ㲻ϲ
Ϊˣ
ۿĸɱ˸ʣĸӡļҲӡ
ʱʼĸ㲻ϲԼ
䣬Ż渡ֲϵķӿЦţЦˡ
˼䲻ֵãһ뿪ɺãƬĲԭϹճϢ
һӰڷ󣬺ӰԽŨң˶Ҫû
ǷħǱѹõ
ڣڰŷһƬڰ֮䡣
𣡡
ڴʱĵ
ʵеĽɱųɱ֣תʱȴ𼸺ħΧ
ȥħڻþʲô
Ĳ²ĽҪôǳΪˣҪôǳɹɽ٣ȴ뵽ħ
ɱֵĿֻз𣬽վڷ࣬һƴ˷ϡ
Ͻѹ㻹ǷǮء
һµʱ򣬽ͬԼָѪڷüģ
ȻþмڰȫɵķȻϺէ֣ǻֱʣһӱ㽫ΧĺڰճΪҽ
ã
þеķɹƳ˷ӡʵеķˣȫɫĻΧڽļʱҪȻͱˣ
û˱Ƚĸ˽뿪ʱ򣬷𣬿ͷŴ֮
һ֮㽫Ůճ˻ҽŮȵĺ󳾡
ȫɫĻ治ϵţ𻺻վһӱŷ޾ϡ
ˣ
ɱ֪ɱʱ׼룬ɷͽѹͲɱĻᡣ
ȫɱ
磬Զһ㣬Ȱ
ǽĶҪСӦԣοǱˡ
ҷҺҲ飬صڲʱ򣬸Ŵӷϱŷ֮ͨͨͨ˵ϣŷߵס
ٶö˵Ҳ˴ʱ˿̵ļ顣
תŽʵжԼĸм
ǮУԭأ·ˣ
Լϴŵ˶棬һֻף촩ɫ˶ֲʲôɱܲס֮ա
⿪ķӡΪʵʵж֤л⡣
һԽƱЦ춼ϲ£ˡ
˵˵ֵܾͱˣ
Ȼ˵űԼֵЩɽĻǽȫƱܾ˽ָ֮С
Ըǣǽ
ã
Űǲ˰װֽϤζڴ֮䣬һ˫ЦŽġ
ҽʦģһõǳ֮
ˬ졫
ھһεĴɱ֮ȥȸ·ַ˴ССʮεĻɱ
Ķˣͺñǰһ˳ʱ򣬽յĳżȣѹɱ֡
ڣɱֶҷ˴ˡ
ҽʦյʱ㵽ȸı߾ǣΪıˮ
ôѽ
һгԵģ
ڣʮյг֮ȸı߾ǡ
λںߣʵĺƷ֮⣬һָرˮ
ǵ˵ĻǺɫģ֭⻹ࡣ
԰ϢһͷҽԺС
԰ũ˿һʧĽģ˵ʲôȴû˵ڡ
λӣԶˣҪȥ˰ɣ
ũѽΪķˣҲûзиֳ㺣ֱ֪ΪĸоǶݵġ
ˣҲã
ʱڹ԰зˮĽĿһϵĹӣԲֺһĺܡ
һԾժ˵Ϣ·ٺ˵ѽ
СҲ㣡
ǳһڣһҧζôˡ
ĽһĶĿ˾ϵһöϣĹâġ
԰ܴһӵʱҲûҵġ
ʱĽһ߿͸˵ѹ֪ҲˣֻǾǰЩκģ·Ʈ
Ůˣּˣ
ɫ֪ʱڽ
ĻعǰֵˣŬ˰죬˭
ҡǵ㣬ԣ
ǰ˵ڶ仰ɫĳ㱻ץġ
˵áһôͷɶȾ˰ͷá
ڶʮһһʱ䣬ľȻϰ˸ɾĶ̷קקİ׷Ĵ˸ãζ
Ůˣ˶
ĵӾ֪״̬ǳԶµģ΢΢˽ü˫ֶżɽĳԼͷ
һ߸ꡫ˸
˵䣬ժһö
ֲã
Ѱ˳ƣиߵҲԲĸ
Ů˾Ȼһ˰˸
áֲøëɶ¶ҪôϴҲô㣬޵вŲأУ
˵ţĴչʽлͷ۵üͷҪӽгκƵŮĴұĸһ
ſͷ
ͷʲôͷŶŶŶͷû¶
״̬Ľǰһһϡ
վˣ𶯣
ʾվãֻһ縳˻һƯĺᡣ
ˣƯ

ĳһһı෢˵ͦ
˫ֶżɽڹԼ뽪Ķսֻϴε֮ʱԶ˷
ҽʦ
Ϻˣ
ѾȫˣƷ״̬ĽĲתܣԼٶʧǰŷķܹȥ
û׷ȥڽʧ˲䣬һɫ࣬һЦ˳
ͺܺÿôԺͺˣ

һۺӣתʧ
ֶʱͽĺȥĿǰҪǳ֮ƬһҪ
˵ĺƲƲ죬һҲʧڹ԰֮С
ҽʦҵˣ
ҷһǰЩǵĿŽģֻ߽ܳһţԶ˻˵ģɻȿ˵ڶ仰ӭһҷ˶ϡ
ǺˣȻȥ·
ڽû֣ϵҷ綼±ˣǳһ
ҽʦ˶
һ˽ĵ״̬һǳԶ
಻࣬˸ѣŸ
˵ţִһԵժĳ

1578 

1578  
Ѱ˳Ѿˡ
ΪߵҲĸ
һԾŸʱĽѾԼ
찡СˣŶŶŶˣǷ𣡡
ļǰٺٵЦŷ֡
վסɽҿԣҪ··ƣ٣
Ĵʱֽ˵˵Ľɫ
ҲϵóһƱ˽ĵϡ
λүǽٲƻǽɫأ
ٲƻǽɫ㿴ôȻٲˣɫڤҹ׼Դ׵ģ
ǺˣҲԼСɲҽɫҲң
ڤҹ
ڤҹ֣ռŽĵǸˡ
ңôǮɶģ٣
Ŀ˿ĽƱѽƱ˽ָУҪǮ
ãЩģ⣡
ٺ٣ӿɽ̣ģ㽻ǮȻҪչ㣬˭Ҵ˵أá
ӣô죿ҽʦôûмʱǽⲻģ
ִ򲻹ģǿнĴȥջѲҪŽڹ԰ˣƷ裬һֱô
ȥŪһɣ
ǣӣ
Ȼĺ˽С
ڣڵʱ򣬽˯һ֮˾ơ
Դۣ۵
ôˣ
ҽʦ̫˾ƣ
ĽЧãȻζ𣬵ȴʮˣһ̳ӾҲòĸ
Ǹɶ
ſˮâӦŽĵķ˸ı顣
֮ûɶ¶ɣ
ҽʦģӺһֱڹ԰п߽ҽʦ
ҷһأõǻжôġҡ
ҷ簡۾İɣ
û¶ҽʦģͺˣ
ȻҷϵèΪ
ҲõԼȶ֮ԣ˿ҷҺᣬֿ˿
ĸ϶ٶŲʣɷ־ˡ
ȿȣǸǸҺȶ֮Щ񲣡
ҽʦֹǷ񲣬ֱǷħ
ҺЦ˵ͦ۵ģܿƺĽĻҲֵˡ
Ҷɶˣ
ҽʦҲûʲô¶ǴһҼҹӣǽһЩ£һЩĶǵϷ֮⣬Ҳûˣ
Ȼ˵赭д붼뵽ǻжôĲҡ
öˡ
˶ˣ
֪ôóԵȻЧ໡
ա
԰Ϣһ뿪˹԰ȥǸۿڣ׼˴ǰȸĶǡ
ۣôϺ
ۣôĺݡ
ɶܳôóôôԣ
ӹ԰ǰۿڵһ·ϣ۵֮ʳֺʲҪǮİڷǰ
̫̫ܳ࣬ڳôຣʻ᳦θʡ
û¶ҿǽθ
һſϺһſ㣬ĳԵǽһա
׻˵úãǲʱδ
ǰȸ۹ǵľϣſϣһšۡ
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ټϺʴ󺮣θȻʵģ
ܣ
ȫûĺҩֱ֮ſ˴ϣҲȥ
һչŵķε̾һΪҴñ֮뿪
⣬ҷҺ˿Լӣʲô
˵ģǴûӶ˭ôĹһ԰ҩҲֻнҽʦܵ˵Ĵˡ
ӣǻضǵϢѾˣʱүӭ
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˯УһƬ֮С
ɢ֮󣬿аһֱɫˣ֮ȫγˡ
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ʲô˼
վĽ㣬΢΢üͷĿǰһĻ
⡣
ϵӲ̫ģŷҷ齫Ըֶ߳ΣټϷ̣ÿһζӮĽ
ձԵﶼˣȸ۹Ϊ֮ء
ĵĻǳ֮Ƭ
ʳȻˣýĹעĻǳ֮Ƭ
շĻ˵ǳ֮Ƭӡڻʹ֮УûȸѪ޷صĴſǿпĻͬǳ֮Ƭһٻ١
ҽʦģҴӦȻ
˵仰ʱ򣬷һ֮ɫɱ
ȻɱԽģĵˣҲһ·ɱְɱǸˡ
Ҳˣһηصȸ֮󣬱ȻһȷѪ꣬ӻʺжȨ
Уһ·Ҳûйʹڷĸ֮ĶԹ𣬱ϾǱ˼ҵļ¡
ա
˴κڵյ㣬ȸǡ
ԶԶȥһ޴ķ˵չ᰿ڽĵҰУȳ˳ȥһ岻Ҫһ˫˫۾Բ˿
һ˫˫۾Ͳʡ
ȸة컪ΣǰŽ
λӦþĵһҩʦɣϷȸة컪
ةãҶں棡
ָָˣʾҪҵں档
£һɫ˶Ľı˫米ıʧУʲô飬ȫ⡣
ʳʳˣ
˰ۣ˵ǽġ
ӽпʼûͣ졣
ҵ찡Ҳ̫ó˰ɣ
һ¶ǣˬֱóԵ޷ݡ
һۣǮ
ĳԵ֮ʱڽҪͬۿʼ
΢΢üͷת߿ԼߵˣСӡ
զһʱ䲻ʮ֮һôأ
һ߳۵Ľһ߳Ц
ǲĳۣһ˫ɫڽĵϣһĨĶǵЦ⸡ڴǡ
ⶼҪĳЩͣǹ԰֮УҲ֪ǸŮ˰˸
ôһ˵ŬĻճ֮飬ģģļкȻʲô¶
ǸǸʱԶˣҲǣôϲұ෢ôҲ
ķǵûϴ֮ζƵͷϣŵǴʮ֮һ
ǡ
仰Ц
ҲɵĳĺŮڱ෢ʱӡ
ôôǵˣ
ڨЦţһε˺СӣȻʩӡ
ˣСģ⿪ˣ
Ҫͷ˵ͽ䣬˵ͽô
㿪ĵĶ˫ֶżɫӰʮ㡣

1579 סҽн

1579 סҽн
զǮˣ
ôô⿪ӡͺˣ
ĴӻóŽƱС
ĽƱ˽ü
ŽƱֲԱµĹô֪ΪԱ˶ô˺
仰˵ܴǰǰ̷·˶
ңǻ֮е·˼ίͺǽʼ˶Ҫ˵һ
ιѻ˵ģˣҿδˣ
ô˻ҳôһ׶ˣǲһ˵˭Ҳߣ
ǣӱ¿˰ɣ
ĵŷвɣˮ˰ɣǽˮ
ԶˣͷСôôŪʲô캦顣
￴ȥƵһˣôݡ޲
㿴λ๫ͷˣﰡҲ̫ˣôõ๫Ҫϧ
ǣ˵ȸп檣Ụ̊Ҳ̣λ๫װ

·һһ׷ָŽĲ£Ȼ˺޹
޹ֻ۾޹ˣ
ʱ⹷ЩѪɺӵĳ档
ʱ˿̵˫ֶżЦűǧָĽģеЦǽһġ
ǸȤСһأ
ЦʲôЦ䲻вʣ
ûлش⣬ʼ硣
֮ĵһսֺηһӮˣӮ൱ء
Ļװ˵ָ𣬶ʱҲʧ
һǳ֮Ƭ
ޣ
ҹĻ֮ʱһջס
ջװ޷Ǽӣ֮͸ŷš
ȸһļ紺ˡ
ҲΪȸλõԭʹҵŮƫˮˣŮһĸ
ڰ뿪ʽϣĳŸɫ
ɫһ񲻼įĺܣ
Ҽįү
ߣץһ
ǲëǷᰡҪǳ֮Ƭƾãʹֶ˲ܣ
ŶǲˣʲôֶΣ
ס˽ӹĸ㣬ҧһڡ
óԣ統ҵǹóԡ
ԹԵ˽࣬һ԰գڶŽС
ٸһöǹ㱣֤ȸǳ֮Ƭ
йˣ
һۣô
Ȼ㵱յ󷨣ڶΣοǳ֮ƬĲǱ𣬻ˡ
£˰ȫˣֲûʵ
˵ķƵĸԼһ裬ת߿˿
ɶƷֵ֣ô
˵Ҳ֣Ѱħһ۱ܿΪΣȴı塣
ҹҲеģһ£ǲ¶˵ĻԴӦǲ´ĻҪ߱
£
ҡҡͷľܾ顣
֪廹ɵ
ɣҿһ쵽ɫ·һ˫ɫӣѲ

Ŀ֣üͷš
ôĴȻŮԿװʲô
ı飬ľ֪Լ´ˡ
Ҳǣɾǲܵ飬Ȼ֮٣û
˲ѣ

ɡ
İɫйصʳﶼ²飬ԾûвµƷǸɶ
ˣǲǳ֮Ƭģ
İŷ䱸Ŀǲǳ֮Ƭġ
ɫ£һķϡ
ֺŮȫĲһϡ
Ҫиߣͱˡ
ǳ֮ƬͶˣαرûзѡ
裿ôˣ
⻰˵ãˡ
ŶǾ˵ﲻƽôףСģΪ̶֥С¶ʮ֮һ
һ飬˵ǽ˼㡣
ȭͷԼŭ
ĿΪ׳Ů˭һûУҲ֪ѧƦ
ʲʲôˡ
һɫʧ֮ǰĽһӵС
סˣֽнģǴҪǳ֮ƬǾϴɾӵɣ

1580 Ǵ

1580  Ǵ
ĸԼ֣ǿ̬˭Һǳ֮ƬԸ
ǳ֮ƬڱصãҲҪõ
Ϊ׺͵еõõǳ֮Ƭ㹻ɡ
ģסˣ
£ɢֻʣɫ֮аŵĽġ
գ׼ȥһЩƷʱС̫ܳԵģǰЩĶСԼһ˳Թˡ
ɱڵľβôܳô
ϣʵˮζСһӦȫСڽָ֮ſˮŸԼҪԵĶ۾գţ
ΣҲֻӡ
С׶˵ãȻҪ谮ãеĵطҲҪʿɶֹ
ףһЩɣС˺üȦ
ǰˣûС׵Ķӣ
ﲻ˼ҾҪ⣡ˣС׶ˣ
һʱ䣬㹻ĶָУصջʱ򣬿ľͷһվԭأƺڵԼ
ĻΪ׵ųһǰס˽ĵȥ·
ҽʦҵǶӵµ
ӣ𣿣
˵ôʹ룬ʲô
ҽʦ¹ǳ֮Ƭ뱰ְһع
ĵ̬ȺƲ뼸˽һǳ֮ƬΪա
ǳɣհ¹ǳ֮ƬǾ߰ɣ
ǰȥʹһ·ϣֵԵķ羰ڲϵĺˣֱӱ۾Сһᡣ
ʱʱ䣬˻ʹʱѾǻƻ֮ʱ
ɫڽĵϣ˿ǰټݻĹȸĻʹ
ʹôҲȥٵģȸҵĹҲûʲô̫Ĳ
أ
룬¾ڹУ
ƿŵһ˲䣬ڹڵڳǷ׷׽ĿתˢˢڽĵϣҲ
վڳΪλϵķ𿴵Ķʱ͸Ž뵣ǡ
һȵķ©˵ı飬ڿڻλϵŮˣҲ²⵽һ
ûдĻǷ빬ڻλϵĻʺָʹ
˵Ŀⶢţ΢΢üͷ
ʲôŲŰ
Ĳ빬УǻʹصأǰȸȨĻʺ
ĵһҽʦ

󵨣Ȼִ󲻾̬ʺ󣬹£
վȸʺߵ̫ŭһʾǰѺŽĹ¡
ĸ󣬽ҽʦһҽʦ۹ݲͬѰ
ǰʱ򣬷һǰ˽ǰ
ˣ֪ˡ
һĨЦָڴǣʺĿڽĺͷǻ
ŷı飬֪Լ²Ķˡ
ǾͺãȻ˰ѱҲʲôˡ
ˣŮ˸ץȥӽն
ʺ£һǰ׼ץס֮С
ĸ󣬽ҽʦ۹֮ˣ
Ծվڽǰֹǰ
ʱة컪Ҳǰȸʺ
ʺ󣬶Լǣҽʦ۹֮ˣȸ۹նɱ۹Ҫ֮ˣȻ֮ļ϶˵˿ɳ֮򲻿ɰ
Ȼ컪վڷߵģʺƺҪýһ㿪
Ǹһ£е¶ûף
˵ŸòðѹնʱΪ˵ĽĿ˵
ȷʵе¶ûŪס
ͺñȴʱ˿̣ŮΪʲôҪɱԼ
ȸĻʺǵһμ棬޳Թģôݰɣ
ʺҪɱҲҪһɰƽ޹ʵľҪɱң
ɣΪ۹֮Ȼȸӣɡ

ʺһ仰˵ĽƬ̣Ц
ʺɻأȻֻ۾Ȼˣռ˻͵ϴˣ
˫ֶż򣬽ĵĿȸʺ
ǣƷôǸѡˡ
ͷ֮ʲôޣһжûκιϵҽͰѻ㽲ˣͦ
ľЩ黹Ҫ˵ȽϺãʡպҪף˷ѱ˴˵ʱ䡣
ңһҽʦǷ𡭡ǶӵµҽʦΪβǮô򵥵ĹϵıȥǸû档
İԼҪ˵Ļٹǰ˵ףһȻı֮£ȴޱȵѹ
˵ˣ׼ȥ˭֪ʺŹġ
һӣʾץסģִҪΡ
ŮˣʿɶֹҿǷ׵ϲŲΪ㣡
һٶҪɱжɣ
ҪǿںͷѪķݶϣͶˡ
ˣץȥ
ĸ򲻿ɣ
ʺ󣬴򲻿ɰ
죬ֻһһɣݺݵײڴϡ
Ĳûг֣֮
ɫڴϣ͸ˡ
ǱɵŮˣȻҶԱɰС֡
ǰ˫ָһԵɫһͷ־İɫƮš
˵һ仰ͱĽһš
ôĶ¶еİɣ
Сģűǰ㣬㾹ȻԱ֣
һ˵ı飬·ľǸ֮һֱֹ˺ͽĵʲôϵĲǺͶӡô
ǺˣΪôȸ
һӵ룬г׷׶׼ĺˡ
عͷһ˫ɫӾ֮顣
𣬴ʮ
ʲô񡭡
°׷ҵ찡Ǵ
֪ǰ°׷Ǵ˲
˭֪Ŀֲ֮ȴΪʲôǰ
Сģʲôȥ
ϻȻȥԷʲô
ôȸ飬Ե޹ʵĳֶȻթ
ȴǸڽһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ϱһ룬ļΪ񡣡
û顣
ϸһ£ĺôܶ࣬ӵģ
ĺ˾ôʧУ;ɰײһӡ
ڽߣһ˵κá
һı顣
ңǲӪģİɣǳ֮Ƭע⣡
һʧȸʹľͷվԭصδ׷ȥ۵׵鷴֮һĨȤζЦ⡣
ʱһɫϢߣɢʱһɫɫ˳ࡣ
ѵһҵǵһμһŮġ

1581 Ӫ

1581 Ӫ
㲻ϲСѾͷ˰ɣ
º귢ӵ٩ĵתͷɫӿˡ
ʲô¶ô
㻹ûشҵ⣡
Ǵʮ֮һīԨīԨеһԵı鿴
㲻ýļǵӪԾļƻΪô
ôѾͷΪǺܸߣһСȷܴù
īԨ֮еĵ٩֮Ũ
ò˵ĵиߵʲô̶õİѽļ˴ӪպĻжôľʡ
ˣҸǳ֮Ƭȷһţȥһˡ
ˣ
һߣĻᵽջʱѾˣһЩ嵭ķˣһ߳һʳ̸ȸһЩ£бȸʺͶӷ֮顣
ҾͲˣʺҪƿȸȨôĻǶӽΪʺϰ
ǲɵԵô
˰ͬĺһۣŵǰľơ
ΪЩͻȻ䱩޹ôǻʺµ֣ΪȸŮۣӣų˲δɱ
ɣʺƵۣԲ˳˵ӺͻʺĹϵһֱãʺ󲢲Ĳɱ˶ӣȻбԭ򣡡
ҾͲ֪ˣ˵ʺɱ˲صĻʵۣʱӾڳ
ʺŮҲĺˣҪȸıƿˣδĹ˲밡
˭֪أȾƺȾƣһɺͻʺһĴˣҾֶ֧ӣ
Ҳǡ
ԭˣ
ҲǶٵ˽ʺͷ֮ĶԹֲûʺԼв
˰
Сģ
ֻصڶߣ̧ͷųǰ߶һһ׷ԹԳĳŮһΡ
磬㵽Ҫɶ
Ȼ˭Ӫ˳Щˣʧȥ˱ζ
һȰ˵ŽļһɣһߵŲƷζ
磬˵ҲκһɣҪֻǳ֮Ƭ
Է鶼ûˡ
ôƤҩһ˦˦жɣ
Ҫǳ֮ƬĻ˫ַϡ
թ
ڷǼ鼴һҪ
˵ţֻ֣һöǳ֮Ƭ˽ǰ
žǰǳ֮ƬüͷȷԼ롣
ֻҪӪȻ԰õǳ֮Ƭһػǳ֮ƬǱĳ⡣
ڽǰȷȷʵʵǳ֮ƬҲҪǳ֮ƬΪιã
ҵöǳ֮Ƭʱ򣬽ǳ֮һ߰ɡ
ô˵Ļǽϵǳ֮Ƭյ˽ָ֮С
񣬰׻öǳ֮Ƭֻ֣ʣöǳ֮ƬԴһǳ֮
Ŀʲô
ʼȷʵôģڱ⡣
һ׷Ѿ꣬е꣬һöƽġ
ǴֻҪ߶ϵķ䣬ٻʮеκһˡ
Ȼأ
ûȻ󣬼Ȼǳ֮ƬӽǴ֮һҲֳŵѰǳ֮Ƭ
ЦţЦĽıɭɭֻǳ֮ƬѣôͳΪ˴
ҿûдӦӪ
ĽƵǰһ¶һ¶ɲκϵ߰С
ڴóһöָʱ򣬽ĳһ¡
һöָ֮ĽǮΪļ񡣡
֮
ǮǸöİŷ˿ֿ˿ָ˼֮£ָ˹
ȻʢԼھܾĻҲ̫ãǳɣҿԼǴӪҲκ飬ҲָκǸԵԱ
ǮɵӣıԼ̬ȡ
أԼӪӪ֮ô˵ˡ
񣬹Ǯʲô¶ɣ̰
ԡ
˵ͷ㽪κҪ
ҹɫȸ۹ĴŹǷ׼˯ʱ˵һһ
һӰͻȻ֣ݺݵ˦ڽǰҪǽǰһػȻᱻһĪֵĶҵ
Բۣʲô⣡
ǰҿſǰһڵĶǸźɫĴ
ʱǴ˫Ѫϵţɫ԰׵Ҫ
Ҳ˽ģƺҪ˵ʲôûȿڣ˱ȥ
ιӣһѰҽͲ尡
üͷĺû˷ְ˸ӳȥ

ôôùô
գĻǱҽʦְӡ
˵ҽʦְ
һ̾һĿʼִ³źɫŮϵ˿ڡ
˿Ҫڳ˫֣ΪѪĹϵѪҺѾʴ˱졣
ʱ֮Ǵ˿ڣòУϴɾ˫֮㵹ҵ˯˯˹ȥ
ȽʱѾǵڶˣϾ˵ֻѾʧֻһմȾѪı졣
ôˡأ
ԭթһӣȴܵˣһϣ˵һллҲ԰
ϴһ˿ջó緹ʳǶϷ顣
˵ôӾٱƷ˻ʺϷ飡
ļٵģ˵ʺоô˵ˣ岡ӣôһ¶
Ҳ֪Ҳ˵ģʱһб˻ʹֶ˻ʺһһ˵ϵĻʹѪɺӣϲˣ
Ҳ˵ˣ
ľۼһԽ˵Խ𾢡
ұǻʹϿӳˡ
ѲɶӽЩһֱ踺أȴѵʱʺһ
˭֪һٶĻʺһֲֻ֧ʺЩӵӡ
Ȼʱӣȸֻعͳˣ
ʺһĹô˶Уһ岻ٱô
˵㣬ʺһĹʹΪʺʺ˶һưոô
ǲɵһٴܴĹһôӿǷѪ˵һƲ˸ϵ
ŶŶֲã
ϻʹзʲôĲ֪Ҳͣʱ򣬻ʹ뽪ǰ˵Ҫ̡
ʹ֮ʱŵѪζ֤֮²٣ѪҺѾ飬ζǾۼڿоþòɢ

1582 ֱصô

1582 ֱصô
ټ֮ʱѾǵһɫȻӡ
һͼڵĻϡ
˫ֶż򣬿Ž߽ķ𣬺һſڡ
ǸùϲأǸͬأ
ǹϲҲãͬҲãһжѾΪ˶֣Ҳѡˡ
ͽ֮ĶԻϲ˼Ȼˡ
ӳΪȸĻʵۣΪ֮ϵĴڡ
нڳɾ˽һҵⱾ˹ϲ顣
˽ǲ׽ĿΪͬʲô˼
ĻӣΪյȸۣͬ֡
˲֪ȴĵúܣҲ֪Ŀ͸˱£֪Ҫϻλ
ڵңɼ
ܱ԰һʵ׼
ɱ˻ʺ󣬱ɱıı¡
ȥɣ
ǣ£
Ǳ£ϳиˣ
컪һ۽ģתʧڹ֮УʱĹֻʣ½ĺͷˡ
ûнҽʦĻҲû޽ʱա
˵ЦˣһжԼѡģأֻסһЩ޹ؽҪ顣
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣǰŷ
Ȼ鶼䶨ˣҪĶҲӦýˡ
߰ɣʹǰء
֪һվҪġ
û뵽ô졣
ǰĸ󣬶ǰʹ֮Ľء
ӡӡߵĽֻȸһѪܿ
ԼѪڽصĴǰֻ¡¡죬һâźſ
ǳ֮Ƭڼ̨ϡ
ڵһ̨ϣǳ֮Ƭڰ֮УƺӦʲôһ㣬ŵɫĹ
֮УҪǳ֮ƬֵһĻˣԼ˫ִǳ֮ƬˣΧһжڵ
һ۵İ׹ĻķԼȻȸ֮УŻʺȸٹ١
ô¶
ˣŮץ֮Уն
ĸ󣬽ҽʦ۹֮ˣ治ˣ
ʺ󣬶Լǣҽʦ۹ĵһҽʦ˼Ȼ۹񣡡
ڽǰ컪Ҳ˵Ų֮ԡ
վڷĽסˣɶôеô
þô
һ̧֣һȭ˵컪ۿϡ
ô
ϣҽʦϷʲô
һȭĵ컪ۿ۵ᶼȦת
ʵ
ǻþĻһǲ̫ʵˣô¶
һУͺ췢һȻ˴֮ĻﲻͬԻ˼һ
ڻʺ׼˽Ѻεʱ򣬴ʮˡ
һɣ뿪
ô¶Ѳʱ⵹ˣ
Сġ
ס˽ģһϮ׷ڷƮС
ͣ½Ų΢΢üͷ˵Ļ͵ռһģһ
ǲ˵ļҳΪһԱһҪǳ֮Ƭһӣ
ֵһ¡
Сô֪Ҫʲô
ӻóǳ֮ƬԼһöƣԼǮĽָһ˽ġ
˵ĻǵտջеЩԴʣùǳ֮ƬԼָתﶼû
صջϣ۾Ȼһ𣬽ĵȵǸźɫӡ
˵ָ֣΢΢źɫĹâϤһʱ벻
һۣľӣ̲ס˯Ƭַ̺Ӳ
ڶ糿Էʱʳ˵ϻʹı仯ʺ󱻷ɱȨΪȸĴۡ
ȻӽĽ˵ͬĻ֮˻ʹĽأԼѪ˽صĴš
һĻ棬һһġ
𣡡
ôˣ
վڽԵķһĨ⣬ż̨ϵĽĶƬ̣ҲڵĽص󷨻ʲôΣհɡ
ҽʦģѾκΣ
ŶǾͺã
ҡҡͷҲ֪ǷʹʲôֶΣЩʲô
Ҫǳ֮Ƭ˫ǴƬǰľһһϵĺţ׹ʧʱһγȸС
ԵˣԵľɫŷ鼸ͬ
Բۣأĸ˶ӱˣթб³һһ
ĵĻصȸÿһ䣬صÿһ˵Ķߡ
ŮԻ˰ȥնˣ
նննôϲնҰûʱ㣡
ȸʺһۣת뿪ȸҪһеʲôڱˣֶΣϵض췢顣
Сģ
Ž뿪ȸʹıӰڽ࣬ŻʺΪŮ˵ʱӢ۾Ȼ£Ӫ
ıʲô·һ
ãߣ
ĳİ׷ֱ⣬ŽüűקŵͷŮ˾ôϲİ׷ô
ɿͷԼߣ
ĺ뿪˻ʹһԾķȸߵĵϣܵһУѰŹκε˿
ʲô¶СĲŸ߱𡣡
֪֪ʲôʱ䵹
֪ûʱ䵹ɻ
ʱ䵹
ԣ
˵ʱ򣬽ĵĿԾɿܡ
Ѿǵˣ޷ҳԭĻһһֱظʱ䡣
ݴ½ʱҪõĶĶ֪࣬һЩ顣
ʱ䵹ħΪǾҲˣҲûУҪʱ⵹Ĵۼ󣬲ʱ֮˽еĽ
磬ֱܲص㡣
ƪۣΪ޷ٿʱ䣬ʲôˣĿʲô
ôһʱ䵹ˣֻ;˿֪

ǺɫǺɫ
΢΢üͷϻᾭ飬Ѳһз鶼ֻйϵ
һʧȸ֮ϣֻ㶵վԭء
Ǳˣлû˵أ
ҹɫջڷеȴĽ١
Ȼ˵һ˵ڽǰ뵱ͬľٶָз΢΢â
ľΪ˱ʧ⡣
׼ȥʱ򣬽ҲҪʲôֶΡ
һֱڰзеδŵĽġ
ҹĻе˰죬һϷ
峺ĺ羵һ㣬һԡ
ɴʱͣĺ֮Уһˮһ

1583 ظ

1583 ظ
ѷ֡
˾ޣǽһѪȡ
գ񲻵ڵϣȫѪԵġ
׹ڵϵ񿴵һԵĽģƴһǰ

һзɳһâֱĻϣըƬĺɫëƮ䣬ǰһжˡ
ҫ۵Ĺâɢ֮󣬽һγȸ֮С
ԭˣ
ôһ¶ˣ
Լ֮һֱظ췢飬ܲɷֵĹϵ
ˣŮ
ûʱ㣬ҪٸұƱһ䣬ȸһ壡
£ת뿪˻ʹֵʱÿʧıӰ
ʲô
ںĵʹ֮£ڽ˿ջС
ҹɫȸ۹ڳϵĵ
Сģڵʲô
۲콪һĻʱˣŮ˲Բȳż뿪ڳϵţڵ˭
죬ң
ڣһڶ˵ڽǰָ̧΢׼ĵʱĳŮһǰ
ĿΪΣǲ˵ȻŲҰȫë
Ŀס˵˿ģΪʧѪ࣬ûſ˹ȥ
Сģʱģף
żһԿϷһû뵽˵е񣬶ô꣬׷ʲô顣
֪⼸ʲôǻ˻ƶ
Ϊ֪࣬ľ񣬵Ϊ˱ܣԼظһΣС
һʱ֮ڴߣŷʷһ
һ°ɣ㵽ҪʲôΪҪһһεظ顣
Ȼûоô
񿪿ˣԵýССһ¡
ΪǰǸӣû뵽Ǹˡ
Сģʲôһһظ顣
ϵ˼
Ƭ֮ǿˣ֮һ˿˿įԽŨҡ
Ϲ񣡡
߽ԼݣϹһ壬ӵƿʱ
һγΣӣΪ˾ӣ׷κ̫ǿ֪Ƕ֣Ծɲӵľġ
Ϊ֪˽ǿ˵ʱڽǰӡʱ䡣
ֻҪһһбصϵʱ㡣
Ҳ˵ֻҪˣҾ͵ýѭ֮Уܾӣ˼ɣ
ԡ
˵ͷܷӡԼĽ磬ǿŽĵϥ¡
⿪磬Ҫȥҵӡ
Ȼأ֮һûصʱ£㻹浱Ǵ浵ô
浵ʻǽĺͶϷʱӴģһϷʱ򣬾Ҫ浵ϷɫػͿڴ浵ǸֱӽϷ¿ʼš
ԼӣŽܽ⿪硣
Һһȥ
ĿɲһδεظȥԼҪȥء
ô
ʲôļٵģϽߣ
ǰקİ׷ں棬򾵺
СģôҲǴʮ֮һܷӣУҪקͷ
ҼӪͱƱƣ鲻á
˭ϣ˭ܺá
ظôĵȥȥǼˣУʱô
ڣ֮ʱŽĺ˾Ϸ
ҵӡ
ߣ
һӾһ;޴ſѪڱ㳯˺ҧȥ
⣬һֱظգ
ֳΣ˫ֽӡֻ˲ܲ
ã
ǳԹģȻ֪ĽҪʲôһ㵽˰ȫΧ֮ڣҪȻᱻе׵С
һϣ߳˷ħ󷨵ķΧ
ʱ䣬ǽĶսĻ档
ǰճ룬ξ޴ȻռϷ磬֮ȵĽҲһᱻˡ
ʵϣڷħ֮Уסöÿһ£׵׼ȷĲ׽λãϵĻϡ
ֻбķݶҺ޻֮
ӻֻʱ俼ǣһ
һһס֣Ҵˣһˣ
ģֻϣ飬ҪС
Ļų˷ħ󷨣ʱѾûκˣβһɨھеӻ
ˣ
๫
쳣ܰ
֮еĽڵϣվǰµĴ
˵㶼꣬һ˼ҵͻΪˣ
ѵǣ̰֮
ҲǶǴףֻδķݶˡ
Ȼ֪ܸģҲڽ·֮أ߰ɣԺԶһ㣡
ǣлɱ֮
ɲԽģһҲ룬õ׼֮һ̵ʧ
򸾹ڵлŽĵľ֮
л֮
ӦллǣҪҲһѭġȤ
ƲƲ죬мֵ٩
Ȼలˣôòظʱˡ
һ͸񣡡
Ȼ˵ӵʱ⵹һпʹõĴȴ޵ģһ𽻸˽ģĵľ֮
˲תΣգôʱصһʱ֮䡣
ΪһΪ˾Ӻķ̫ӵĹЧҲܻصһʱ֮䡣
ҾͲˣ
˽ָУŽʧе޶ˣоȻһ˿Ľ֮⡣
Сģʱ˵Ļɻ棿
ߵ࣬һĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ʲô
Ӫ
Уɣǳ֮ƬƺǮ

Ϊ£Ѿ׼ĳԼҪǳ֮ƬʱЩס
ѲСظʱʲô¶ô
ҿˣûꡣ
ϲֱ׵Ը񣡡
סδˣ˵ЩĻҼδƢã
ĵõǳ֮ƬԼһָǮȫӽ˽ָУ㲻ֱʹ
ʱ䣬ҲǸȥȸʹˡ
ȸʹһȸͼڵĺɫӣϲ
ȸʹĽأԼѪ˽صĴţ̨ǳ֮Ƭ
ڴʱһâ
ɣ

1584 ̰

1584 ̰
âʢ֮󣬲ûзʱ⵹
³һҪһʱ⵹һģ
ʲô
ȻûзΪʱ⵹֮£ǰǳ֮ƬϵһɫĹâʲô⣿
ʲô
һؿǳ֮ƬʱҲûⶫ
µĽֹҪǵǳ֮ƬһҪȸ֮ѪӡţҪǰʥǣѰʥŮӡǳ֮Ƭ
أ
ıǿӲֶνӡ⿪ʵ֤Щ¶Ϊ

˸ӵģ
һǳ֮ƬѣôŪĸұƵġ
Ȼ֪˽⿪ӡǳ֮ӡĵطʥǣҲöයȸ۹
׻ȸǳ֮ƬһöһҪǰĵطʥǵ·ϣ
ڽ׼뿪ʱһȺͻȻȸ߸߰ޱȣһ˭ģ
ͬʱȺ˳ֵʱ򣬽ָ֮бŷ޾ɱ⡣
߲Ǳˣ֮Ļƽ˴ȸĿıյ˻ʺעʺһ֮ȸȨû뵽ȴпһ
ӡӦóƺΪ£ҵǷǰɨϰġ
лȸĴѶͲͷ֮ˡ
ˣȸ֮Ա㣬֮벻˸ϵ
ҰӴ֮Ҫٿȸһ
ڣȸþӽ쿪ʼȸۣԲ׼κƻҪػĹҡ
ǾͺãȻˣҵҲٴͣлȥ
£ƽһתȥ۵һĨɱ⡣
ȥİ
ڻƽһ׼ȥ֮ʱס˵ȥ·
һɫ˶ĽĶż򣬰ŷЦżˣŰǣϵЦݿžĺ
ҷҺ̫¶ЦĽƽһЩҪùˣһǵù
ǺˣΪסҵȥ·
˭ǲùܣ֪˪·͸
Ҫɱ˻ƽһЩҲҪԶȸʹΪıǲǣС
һʧС
˪ֵʱ򣬼׷˽ģȸǽĿյϡ
һյվԭصȺʱ
֪˪䣿
Ȼ֪
ңû˱˪ںδˡ
֪ң˪ںδ
󰡣ͷˣ
ŬŬ죬߻ƽ˪
˻ع˪ϵϢ׷װγ׼졣
˸Ķ֣ȳ֣㱻˽
ӣһڣ
һƣĸı˼ƻһڡ
һǰ̱ڵϵĻƽЦǽһᡯ
סҵ֣˴֮һĽģ㣬һʱ䱾˪ʶĻͽǳ֮ƬҿԸȫʬгƽһҲûдȥıҪˣ
£ĺһʧڻƽһǰֻɫ԰ĵ׿־ֵĻƽ
վڳǽϵķͬʧеĽģΪ˲Լǣ档
ģңҴȸȥ㣡
һʧԶҷҺ֮⣬
㿴ҿ㣬ױ¶ԽҽʦУ仹͸ŴδйĿĺᡣ
˸ףȸĻʵۣԼʹڽҽʦ˵ֻеһͶѡ
һߣѾ뿪ȸǵĽóһǷ
ңһгˣģ
һ仰˵ܾ꣬仰˵еŤ
ڤҹûô˵ڤҹһ
һ˪峤ģ
ã
һĨЦ֮ʣһĨ֮£ŵǶԻƽһĺ⡣
ĸӶ֮£˵Ӱóġ
ӣǲгˣ
ǰĻԼڡԼġ
С׶Ҫ
ף۶߶ĶӣСǲǰѲԵǶң
ѽζİǺܺóԵģ᲻óԲأ
ڨЦţʾԼûô޳ء
뿪ȸ۹Ѿʮʱˣһǰ֮ޣǻۼ
һ·ϽҲֵķӣɻǴ򲻿ӡȸǳ֮Ƭӡ
ȸϷǲǳԶˣҪǳ֮ʩһӡʲô
ΪҪֹС֮˵ȡ
֪ʱڽĵ
Ķûͷбӡǳ֮Ƭ
֮ľϣԽĮӵɫʾԼ൱ˡ
Сģ㲻걾ͽ𶪵һԣ
ˣҾ㲻Ҫ̰ңðѻ˵ף˵Ĳ岻ΪҺ֮ɶϵ
ĴӻóϺǵСذףָʾѻ˵
Χ˵ı룬ȻΪ֮ʲôĹϵ
ûĵŮˣǧãȴԴ𣡡
Խ˵ԽģǽʼƵġ
ü΢΢𣬽ľӣץסӣֱӽϵ˾ԣ˵˳Ŵӱ㽫˾
һĻ˷׷׵һʮ½һҲȥһ
ϢĹ򣬱ӳֳڽ
㻹ûģµȥ֣
л˵ƨͷš
ĳһ³򣬽Ĳɾ˫֣ȴĿġ
һо罪һڽ࣬˵Źڻƽһ顣
ƽһѾյϢȷҪһǰ֮ɱ
˭˵һˣҲǴ֮һô˵ˣ³ԱסǲӦñʾʾŶô
Ȼ£ԼӪĿģȿһҲǼõġ
Ȼ֮ⷬεҡҡͷ
Ů˻Ǹڡ
ô˵Ǹڣ˵Ļô˴Ӫˡ
һ仰˵Щˡ
ʲôʱ˵仰
𲢲ǵԼ˵Ļ
ŶֻصǼ죬˵仰
ʵɣظյʱ棬Ҳû˵ĻΪˣĲŻſںޡ
˵㵽ʲô¶û¶Ļȥ˯ˣ
У˴ǰֻһĿġ
һѪ
ݰݣҲ
ͷҲصʧС
㻹飡

1585 ·ó

1585 ·ó
ȸ֮ǰʥҪ֮
֮Уǻ۵
ҲΪˣ֮ݴ½ǧʷ֮УٷսԺƽΪ
ңߣݴ½֮ˡ
ڣʮյг֮󣬽˰֮ı߾ǡ
Ǿһǧڳ֮С
һҿջ׼ڰϢһϣڶڳǰ֮ĶǣȥѰǳ֮Ƭ
ҹɫǣºͣݴ½ôãǵһĸоġ
ǰԶսΪĹңȻˡ
ſڿջ¥ĴߣĿŽֵˡ
һƬ͵ľɫʤգҡҷϵСĵǱߣŮӿеĸ˿֮һ˵İݡ
۹ȸ۹һ·ȱȽǣսıȨƣ಻ʤ
ΪˣҲᵽе
ģ뿪ȥʥ֮׾ͺһȥ֮ƽһ帶ӦеĴۣ
˵һ
ͽ׼ص˯ʱһСʯȵ˹˽ĵϡ
ȽĻعڶСʯϡ
ˡ
˳Сʯӵķ򿴹ȥԶȺУһŴ·Сվԭأɫһ˫īɫӦ¹⿴Žġ
Сӣʲô
СӲģȥǿɰһ˵·ϣжôĻˡ
˭ҵСܳˣ
СԾվԭؿŽģ׼ӳʯӡ
ңŲһˣ
һԾĳСǰʳָصСкԹϱ
ԭǰһһĮСȴ۵һ޵ǽһۣ
Ҳûʲô˵ʯͷҵѽ
СӿŪ޴ĽеˣӦǧƵħаǴʱ˿ȴһСû˰취
˺ˣ˳ɲҴˣǣ
óһöͼֹСӵĿ˭֪⺢ԽԽ
һԵ·ڲ״̬·׷ָŽǸεף
ӻСʲô͸ʲôˣ
ǣôƤҲϵһⰡ
ôɰĺô͸ĺĵף㿴⺢ӴʲôһѶûУ

·һһ󽫽ĵСӵס
ʱСкǰץסĵ䣬ɫ˶СкŢСץӡӡ
У
߼·棬ϲһɫ˶ˣ
ף֪ˣײҪòã

ɶ⣿
ɶ˼
ɶأ
ʲôʱ⺢ӵףҪ
СܵܣҳԵǻ˵һ̰ģ
ģ׵ľȻԼĶӣ㴩ģû뵽ݡ޲磡
ޣĵŮˣǺģֲ˵ˣ
ǣΪ׵ôԼĺӣһͷģ
һٺ֤ݵָΪ˵·Ƿ׷˵Ž
СкץסľͲˣƺ˽һ
գϢĲòСкʧ˿ˮĺ֮С
ջڣһӵζȣİŷһŲһִϡ
ϽٶҵĻСҰȥ
ɽ亣ζСкѹûὪģ֪Ա֮ŻеĲ豭
Ҳ֪ǲǽĵĴô⺢ӵΪٶ꺢ͯģһʮɵĳˡ
Ҫ͵ǣ޷õǳ֮Ƭ
Скһ仰ֳһĨ⣬أһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ӣһС㣡
Ķ͸ˣСе˼
˵ɣǺηҵԭʲôô֪ҵĿǳ֮Ƭ
Ȼ⺢ӳֵ̫ɺϣʼûһ㣬ֻСһҪԻȵˣû뵽ĿԶԶֹڴˡ
Ҳް󣬴ʱڶɽ֮УֻҪ㽫Ұȫ͵ǣҪĶȻֿɵá
ϣСһͦƾʲô㣿
еЦӵŨңֻЦɫ
һĺӰˣǳ֮Ƭв
˼£οһСƨˡ
ƾǰĶӣǳ֮ƬƿĿУΨһŻص˰֮ǣܿĿµķӡҲſԵõǳ֮Ƭ
ʱСƨЦЦǽһʮ㣬ƺѾȷĻԼǡ
û˵żµĿǰСк
Ȼֻĺӣȴϰʮ̬һ
ĶӣػĿµķӡ֮ˣ
ǰĶΣֻҪҪǳ֮Ƭȫֿɵá
ǰʳָСкĶͷϣһСкȻǱʹˣһһ˫ɫŭŽġ
ûҽ⿪ӡǳ֮Ƭữʱȥǽ硣
֪Ҫȥǽ磿
ŷһĨ˪ֶ
ǰСкʲôˣǰĶӣΪλ֪Լǳ֮ƬԭΪȥǽ硣
Ҳ֪öǳ֮ƬĿǰǽ磬һֽ֪нģ
Скĵ֣˫ֲпһ۽ġ
лʣһΪһһ𣬵ҪҰȫ͵ǣɫˣȥ˯ˣˣ˳׼һ·
£קĶСк¥ȥķǽڿջжķ䡣
ŽʧеС㣬ķлðɣֲܰСһԴ
գɫ磬˯Ͳ
ιģ
˵ĽĻ˫ۣųԼǰһɫ˶СкǻҪôĸЦжôĸЦ
Ск⣬¼ϥϣӺҲ˺öࡣ
ﴩҵ·
û׼·ֻܴ·ˣó󣡡
Žɫ˶Ск²·ڴϵĽĲһ˫ۿСк
㵽˭Ŀʲôô֪Ҿۼöǳ֮¶Ҫ˵Ȼһ͵ɽ֮С
ϵЦа֣ѵһˡ
Скüͷ˫ϰԵĲУŽĹĿű顣
ˣ
ǸɣŮ˵Ըʲôĳ
ˣҵǰӣ档
棬壿˭֣ôռ˱ˣ
ӵĿ˽һۣĵԼݣԼڰǵɡ

1586 ˰˱Ѫù

1586 ˰˱Ѫù
ðĻ˵٣Ϊδ֪һα֮ͳ˰ǡ
һޣǻ۵Ҳռס
Լռһԣп˽ģ֪ǰԼȹ֮ˣһֱڰǣ֪ϼ˰ɽ֮ˡ
Ҳû뵽ıԼлҪ̬ȶ֣ѵŮܰԼɽô
ҲŲȷڽߣҲֻһһˡ
Ŷԭˣ
˰˵Եɣĵ˵ͷҲһЩԡ
أǣǾ˵һ٣˭Ҳұ֤ᷢʲôΣգҲҪԼȫǡ
˵ص㣡
濴ŽģɫӼַ֮⡣
ԽԽɣǰթŮǲǰɽ֮ˣеӰǷȷָ
صǣֵǮǵ˰֮Ҫĺھ
ھݴ½ͨ߼ֵĻңȻлĽƱǻǺھֵǮ
ôԶԼǮ࣬˵Ͱӻصǣûиǧĺھ԰ӵݡ
ڳû١
ȻûõĲ׼ȷСƨ㿴һıô˵ǳûأҲǸթѣ
˵ֻҪǮҲ˳·
ЦǽһթİɫԽ
Ů˾ǹĴϷ顣
ǹģ
԰Ҿǹģôѽ
Ļ˸Ƿһ۰ϴŵɫ˶ּһǮ
ϴ·ûеĲϣֻ߼ǮȻɱ⣡

ʲôȥԷ극Ҫǰǣһ뵽һѵĺھҾͰͲס飡
Խ˵ĳСƨԽɼˣǹԹԵĸڽȥվò͡
˷ǰǵĴƱ
ǰôôߣٰ
һеĴƱӰǵǾȻҪǧƱҵ죡
ƱزĿŵĴٰ
ûŮˡ
һ۽ģһԱ˫˯˹ȥ
²ţ˳Ŵ⺢Ӹȥ
Сƨ㵽׶꣬꺢ͯģ׸˶ٻ¶
ûὪģɶ˷
Уһôأ
ûлӦԼҲ˸λȥ׼һ˯ϡ
Ӱǵǵ·Ҫʮ죬Ҳ˵ʮУҪͰͬһϡ
ҪСƨǲǵĳҪŽੲݵ߶
г̸յһʱ򣬾⣬ӭʻľװ˸мѡ
ڰڶɽٽ׶ΣûκΪֻϵ䡣
ڣڰ漴׹ڵǵʱ򣬽ĳץסӡ
ȸ٣ôһΪҲûУ
ģҪңҾҪˣ
ŶǸ
ŰĲӸĳץס󱳵·ֱ͵˰ȫĵ档
ΪİһѪһɽ٣԰һ崿Ѫٵÿ
Ŷֲã
һ˶ŰɽʱץΪһЩֱӻ߼ӵԭ򣬴Ѫͳİ֮١
ģ
Ȼƽ£ѾˣҲ׹һ֪ĵط
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ž֮ʱƬǰ˰һ壬ȻᱻƬ塣
ôߣڹͷû¶
ΪҽʦĽĸǣɼˣҲж֮£ֻñŰǰɽ֮С
ôôأ͵˶ٶ
һСӶϣ
أûãһ·Թ߳ɽ֡
ҹɫɽ֮䣬һ峺СϪԣͣϢ
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ò˵̰Իһϰߡ
ָĴǧ֣ϸ궼û⡣
óһţɣó˹׼
㣬
СңţһǿԵģ
ţ̫Ӳ֮ټһʳãζ֮ʡ
ôûԹҲܣ˵С»ڻ¡
Ľţ˹УˮѾּһЩϡ
ɲ֪ôģԭһˮʼ𽥱ɫ͸˻ɫȻǺɫǺɫ
ȷܳԣ
ԲԣԾͶţܳԵҽˣһ˰˱Ӹˣ
ţţʢУĽ˰
һζΣ
ڴĵȴŰ⡣
ŰɵİСüͷǶ룬ӼһƬţ׽š
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ġȷķǰ˱ĸǵ˰˱Ѫùô
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ԲۣҰ
æǰ棬һ֮ȷʳжΪҩްˣ˯һ
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΢΢üĶڷڵĹǰ·ӿŵţ⣬ʱ䶼ĸոպãǰĲȥģôôء
ס
ָе쿴ɢһԵƿƿ޹ޣӦǽЩҩ۵ϣ
ôˣ
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š⣬ɶʱǻȥ˯˯ã˯ȥ
ʮĽڨЦţߴϿϢ󽫷֤ȫ
գ˯һϵĿ֮ǴӹŹ˻
԰һڸоΪĽѲ췣ǽġ
ģôģ
׺͵ģ
ⲻϻô׺͵Сأǳղһôôô
ķȻóԣҲһƬģĵ¿ηΣ
Ǻǣ˭Ȣǵ˰˱Ѫùˡ
ģδһĽɣٺ١
˵ڤҹĵľͷжôćNɪˣˣڤҹѽ
˾̰ɣ
һ±ǰУһȳһյĸ󣬶˳СϪһֱţһʱ֮󳹳׵׵߳Ƭɽǡ
ǣĳ֮һ
˵ܵĳͷգǵİߵߡ
ػеŮĿųԴ˥ȥգŮӮʤȴҲ
Ϊ˼Ůǵĵ

1587 

1587 
Ĳ֪װ֪
Уվ̷ǰָеһƿӺͰš
֪ô֪ôǮģֻ㿴ٶѣ
ιСƨӣҵĺҵĻҵǮҼһپôקˣ
ŤͷὪġ
ִԭΪĻƿ
ƿȫͨ͸һЩСС覴ãһѺ۴ӻƿĵһֱ쵽ƿڵλãҲΪλƿûбߵԭ
·С̷ĵǰĸܵһ
΢úܣĻͣ½ŲҪһ
ΪƿǰΪռҲһƿеİ
˭֪СȴקĶһһۻƿ˵˼仰
СҪҪҪƿҪǲҪĻͱ⣡
Ҫװ
ĻˣƫҪƿ
Ĳûпı飬ƿָʱ򣬰ϵЦƺʲôһ
ˣɱˣˣˣ
ڴʱһ˷׷ȥһֻһѪ֮У֮Ѿ֪ȥ
ҵ죬ֻݣ
ѪȵζŨҵζǵ˷׷׺ˡ
ôˣ
üͷĲĿȫİ棬ܺôˡ
ߣߣ
ץסĵ·֮ƺ־쳣
㡭
䲻֪ʱ״̬ΪΣĻץ뿪Ⱥ
Сƨ׷ʲô飿
Ҫʰ淽ŵľٶΪΣɵͷʱȴԼץסĶǰ棬һȫɫëޡ
ȥʲô⡫
ˣǰ氡״̬
߽İ淽Ǿٶɡ
һǿɽٵİ쳣Ϊʥ޼Ѫۻ࣬һѪ֮ʴر̬
ҲëһͷǴСİ
⣬ıЦǰް

գĻ̲סЦ
ʲôЦģ
ǣӿɰ˺ܶ࣬ĺÿɰ
ħץڰϺҵţָѾˡ
Ķ½ĵ˫֣תɽ֮С
ӳбȻȻ󲨣Ҫע⡣
ιȵѽСɰ

һ·ϣСɰСɰĽиͣʼĿܵڵĬȻܡ
Ҫȥ
ɽеһ·ȥǣ
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Ŷһΰɣ˵طҰ
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ȵ˰ǣЩһ㡣
Ҫ֪ޣֻҪǰضܵݣеԸ
ǿǼĸ֣Ǻ޲ҵͽһֱӰѰ
˯ʮֲ۵Ľһ죬ϵʱ򣬽Ƶ˹
֮һΪˣΪɽһֲͬѰϢ
Ϣһɡ
˵ãֻɣԲķˡ
У˵ú˭ԸƵģ
һСƣټһЩʳĳԵǽһա
ڶ׼һнʱϢԽıƽ
ģ
һ𣬻вȷĽŽ֡
˽ԼֵʱҲͬϢԽŨ֮ʱĻعǰ֮ʣҲǵɴ˫ۣŻط
𡭡ô
ǰǰǰ
һΪԼˣ㣬ʦã
ңʦô
û뵽ݴ½ɽ𣬰ˣ
Ѱƶ꣬ⲻѾҵ˿ˣ
شӻóһöҫɫ΢ƿӣƿƶƵꡣ
ƶһΪ˾Ȱɢ䣬Щħռʱѹ
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㣬ôҲݴ½
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Ҫҵöǳ֮Ƭȥǽ磡
ʦһǳ֮Ƭ
Ҳʦһջƶ꣬ˣ
ƺ뵽ʲôĴӽָóһǰûΪԴ߶ڿˡ
֮ؾ԰ʦѰƶꡣ
֮ӽƶĲ֮ʱͻȻ䷢һͬĹâƶڸԲ֮ڡ
֮ɢĹâȼڰеϣ֮
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ã
Ʈ޶Ҫʱҵƶ꣬Ĳš
Žʧеİ𣬽ȻǸ˵ġ
ڵˣ
ʼſһԵİ濴ʧеİһ˵ı顣
ôʶ
Ҳʶ
һ仰£ûὪģתͷ˯˹ȥ
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ʲô
˵˿ɰ֮£ôһŶ֮أ
ҡҡͷ⻰˵á
ϿʵˣǧҪԻ󣬱Ͼ㲻֪ԷƤ֮ŵʲôħ֡
仰Ҳ͸㣡
ιСô˵أأ
㣬ˣܶˣ˵˭󻹲һأ
ָ̬İǰں󣬶һ߳һǰһ׼ȥǡ
ûгĵص㣬ֻõĳкǳǰǡ
һ֮󣬶ڵ˺ǣ
ɣĲڿһڣһҲ롣
ǵĵһһջһζȳ
ڽĺͰһһСŷʢĲ˷֮ʣĸ󺺳ڶߣŶ´һ˵ͷƺڿŶ˿Ǯһ
ɶ
Сʶļˣ˷ź͸˵ȥ

1588 ߵİ

1588 ߵİ
Ͽңǽ֪Լ˭ľͱƭˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣҲûеһʱ𴩴󺺣֮µϷˣˡ
ŶǱȻҸˣҸˣҲżҳԷںߣ
ҲãǼһΣ
ǵĽİ·ˣĸ֣ŽĺͰһһ
Ůˣ㻹ĳȥ
һ۽ģʱͼ˷ѣһЩˡ
ѽѽ
ڰ֮ʱһᷳصڽĶߣţһϮɫڿջУһߵࡣ
ףЩӲҵĸôˣ
۾Ϲ۾Ϲһģ
Ŀĸ󺺣أһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
磬λҼֳĺѣǼҿǵһ̡
̣
ԭǹӵĺѰ
װʶģֹ
԰ҴѳĲ䲻֮⣬ʣǮеˣֳѻȥ֮ң
ĵĻ˵ǽһϣ㿴ҿ㣬ⲻ
Ҳ̷һۣһ˿ܽĺͰ棬ڴ󺺿һһСʲô͡
ݰݣ
Ļӻ𣬵󺺻û½ǣ㱻һɫΧһѪʧ֮䡣
㾹Ȼʶʮ֮һ
Ȼ֪ݡ
ҲûһźƬ
ʶɣǳ֮ƬϣǴӪıԱ
һȳһ߳һ˵ԼѾǴӪıԱҸûʲôʵԵá
ʱʼվһԵĺЦǰ󷭣ĿһԵıԱĻЦĸᶼˡ
˷һöǳ֮Ƭһöƺ֮ĽǮľŮ˵̬ȣе
ԽŨīԨֵʱ򣬰ԵĸоȫĿ˼֣üͷɫͫбܵĸֳһĨɱ
а֮
аȫͬĶ
ʮ֮һǴϹīԨȴؼаۼɣްĶ档
Ϊ޵İҲ֮⣬ȻīԨаĶеִ
īԨˣʱɱŨҵ˼㡣
ϣҾ˵ô˷Уԭǰһ尡
īԨֵһ˲䣬ջʳŵ÷׷룬ϾǴʮīԨ
գۼĹ򣬿ջֻʣīԨһֱڳԳԺȺȵĽġ
ģôҲǴˣôͰ˵Ķһ𡣡
īԨűߣȫڵͫ׿Ű󣬺Ȼ䣬һƽгҪȥ˰
нڣīԨ˲˰档
ʲôްƤëǹͷ൱мֵ
ʲô۾ֲϹ
һӣīԨеһԣȵشذϡ
ķеĿӣǽӴϢĹ򣬿ӱ㱻ʴĶѿ
֪īԨе˵ϣ᲻롣
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˼ԣҪ߰棬Ǿ͸ǳ֮ƬҪô̸
ģҾͲҶô
һӰ˲ڽ࣬īԨٻһλصС
īԨҪвġ
һԵĽĻܵ˺īԨŮ˵Ķ֡
һҲıŮˣ
侲Ŀ
Ļشͺһ
ǱСҲòóԣοīԨˡ
Ȼһ¡
īԨһȭɣ˱һȭǽϣ۶۲
һ£ҳǿǳ֮ƬϲżӪģԼһ̲ˡ
֮һīԨôһȭĺ޻֪֮Բȡ
֮棬֪Ů˵иĪ⣬û뵽ԶԶԼԤķΧ
ʲôɳҳˣ
Լλãһ򦣬һŸ
ҲֻǶղСģĺܣ˳·һû뵽СľȻ̬ȣġ
˵Ļ
ѹͲϺָʲôء
ˣǴӪˣû¶鷳ҪȻһ֪ʲôֻصĿ࣡
úúãСȥ˵һǣ
īԨ֪ʱʧڿջУһߣ֪뿪Ҳڿջϰǰ
˵ջϰ嶼ɱˣղſʲôɴô
࡫
ſˮջϰŸֻϣӣǧڷˣܲôľš
ջ⣬īԨű˵ұۣɫɱŨҵ˼㡣
㷽Ϊβ֡
֣ѾǧٴΣҪСĵע⣬ȡ
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ģһҪ
գϡ
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˵Ҫõʱɡ
ʮա

ݴ½ʱ䣬Ѿӡ
ζ˵һ˷ʱ䣬ݴ½ôô󰡣
ιСƨʲôʱ٣
ȵȫػصǣʱһԶ˽١
İ˰һۣ⻰˵˵û˵иƨá
໡
İ
ˣôС׾͸͸˴齫Ҳǲ⡣
âһ죬С׺;ڽĺͰǰ
쾻С׵ʱ򣬰һ¡
Ȼ֪ĺ˪ԨԴ˪ǰʱ򣬻Ǹ˲С𺳡
ȻðеĲ˪죬ǾβһСס
壬β
ѽѽβѽʲôѽ
Сɱڣɱڵչֵ쾡£òɷ
ˣҲǺôϵϢºͣС׺ϲ
ˡǰô
Ѫͳ˴İ˼
ǡҪʲô߿߿
汻СףΧ֡
˪ϹϹβ˵ϵϢƽͣõУ
İ汻˰ΧţҲֻܶһ޿ĿŽģѰŰ
׻˵úã֮ˣҵÿưĴˣ֪ôӾС׳ˣҲ˱²۶һ·

1589 ô

1589 ô
ڣڿζʮ֮󣬽ĺͰ˰֮Ķǣǡ
ǰĶǣ֮ǵصϮ˵쳣ƽá
£Ҳ֪©˷ΣĺͰ´ʱһھ⣬ֵ֮ʱϥڵϡ
ӭӹ
ɣ
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ŮˣջңҴ֮Ȼȥջ㡣
ҲУҪǵ˵ĻҪȻԼ֪ʲô
Ű治Ҫǳ֮Ƭ飬Υ˶֮ԣ˼Ҫˡ
ڰǵĴεһᣬĲһЩճ裬·ջķ
ȥջ·ϣһסǰ·赲˽ĵĽŲ
ҵòң
˭˵أүǺ˰ô䵽³ˣ
ǣүŲ飬һݺүҲǲݲݵĶϰҪһž
ıȺסȥ·ŲԶĽֵڣʮ˱ѺУеĴ͸ùǡ
Ϊ׵ҵ峤ŭţָ첻Ǻûκ飬Ǳԩģ㻯ҲҪ
վס˭˺ҵҺˣʹʬϹ
ʧеʱһŮǰųԼˡ
̫ΪѱְˣѾ䶨̫ҵҲǷ£
֮ϣΪѵĿŮӣгƺŮΪ̫
ⲻǺƷô˵ΪŮ˺ңޣɨǣװģģ
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һָУ̫Ʒƺ˫ۣͣ˸ᣬһжΪ壬ǰ彫ƭ
һƷƹڵϣźҼߵ׿ͷ
ף磬㣬ƷƴûκζԲ𺫼ҵ飬һеƷĲ֪顣
ӣ߰ɣ
Ҽ˵ʲôеĻ˻ȥ֮ſڣ˵һ亢ӣ߰ɣ
һ仰ںƷһش֪ǲԼ
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˵ʲô֪ԼȥҲͲһˣˣԼ֤һС
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£ƷƾеĳĿ֮ء
ѪȾ˽ֵƷԾľٶ֤ûݺңûУ
̫
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ȴȥ̫ӷ䣡
ǣ
ǽѺͻΣԭӵĵ·ָֻͨ
ʼȺпϷĽûУݵһ
䲻֪ôһ¶ƷĿǰ˵û֮ǣٶֹסѪ
һϷ
ʱ֮󣬽ҵջһϷȴŰǳ֮Ƭ
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˵ģĶЩƣˣǲֻݹ͢Ϸ룬Ȼ˽ìͷ׼

̾һ˵Ŀ£ߵࡣ
ˣ
Ͼǰôô˵ҲҪͰϴк
ȻҶ˵һҽʦǸȤŮӡ
Ŀ飬ǵûΪĵľٶŭ֮Ц
Ű۵ĻӦĶӡҲɵú
˵ЦˣҾһҽʦѡ
İ˫׵ĻӦš
ãûзԤе顣
ڰߣĿ˿ֿ˿ۡ
ñȽ˧
ôĸ
һûôؿζ
εЦţ־ܾ߰ĺ⡣
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﷢飬ĲסҡͷһǵǳǸ֮ˣҲǿ˺һˡ
ͺƷƵ飬ĵͷ׼Ͻ꣬Ȼǳ֮Ƭˣڵͷһ˲䣬߲俴򱻰嵲ŵӣסˣ
ɣ
ôɺϰɣ
ļٵģ
󣿡
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ڽ˭
ǽѽ￴
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̫˼ˣôڰ۹˰ּ֮˻
һ
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ģôôݴ½Ӧô
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ĸԼΪʲôԭ
кþòˣڰ۹ٴжôĸˡ
أǰʱ俴˰ô۹ģ
ҲΪЩϹħһʱѷ֣˶ѷ֮Уʱڰˡ
˵ԼڰɣµĿŽģԴ
аôòˣͻ˰ɣ
˵˵ҲȻ̤˴񾭺۷壬ƾֻʱˣ
ԹԵţȫ˵Ĵڣ˱һԵĶӰ档
㻹һı̬
㲻ҲǣȾƣ
һϯʱ䣬ĺͻ飬˵ʱѷʱ򣬶˲²ⲻֻͰ͵˰ӦûбҲ͵ݴ½
ԣ
ȲˣȾƣ
Ⱦơ
Դ֪ԼȾ֮ˣƷ裬ľûôȶ
ݴ½󣬶ţĳŮ˾ƺȶˡ
Ⱦƣ飬󰡡ôʱû㣬ֳ˧˺ܶడ
֣ŻգһԵϷҸеĻ档
ģٺ㣡
СңҿǧҪǲⱭƣ˭Ҳ㣡
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ŮǰҲô
ĿŽģһ˫üšһ
δ棬֮£ֻܿŽ뿪˹

1590 ѭ?

1590 ѭ?
û뵽ԼȻݴ½
Ա֮кóһʱδ棬ģĺȶһЩ
Ž뿪˰ȻȴǸڶ
ⱿŮʶˡ
ǵҶʲôͼô
Ÿİ棬ָֻ̬ԭӡ
沢ûڻĮɫ˫ֲУ쳣ĵȻ
ĿǰΪֹǱӵȻҲҪİȫ𡣡
˵ô˵ľٶɱȸĵİȫҪöࡣ
вʲôֻаԼ
Ů£ƵĽڴϣΪҴ˱ӺתŹغϡ
Ӻôȥô
ϰ棬ȻǰĹңΪĶǿȨ˭˺ģ顣
濴һۻʲôҲû˵ת뿪˲
ա
Ľͷ۾ң˫Ǻ졣
ֺȶˣ
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֪ˣϺôƣôҲ
ⲻǼСô
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Ǹãһҹ
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ҲĴǳƣʲôô졣
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Ҳ֪ԽĵвŮ֮飬ڽ˯ŵʱ֮ΣͬҲ֪İŵڤҹ
㰡ҲˣҪǱͰԸĨˣ޶ûеطޣ
Цš
߰ɣѾˡ
ɶ
һ⣬ɵ뿪ʱȴûп棬ֻһɫۺɫĿӡ
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Ůˣʲô
Сƨ
ɣǰӾСƨˡ
ϻһСӣôͲĳô
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ʲôǻʣ
治Ŀ˵ĻʲôҲˣŮ˱ȻԼı仯
ڶɽ٣ص˰ǣȻˣָԭò
뽪ĽԼǰı仯
Ϊɽ٣һΪʱʧòɱΪ꺢ͯģΣգص޵״̬
֮ǰĶɽ֮ʱģڵİӣ档
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ҡҡͷһִڻϣµĿűɳģİ档
㻹Сʱ״̬˳۵㣡ڿǸ֮£
һԵĻЦţ˽һۣ˵⡣
Ȼİȹ˽ѣҲŵԣŽǰĿȥѰǳ֮Ƭ
ȵȡѰǳ֮ƬҼǵõɲô˵ģ
ĿŰ棬ǵʱɲһ˵ǵ˰֮ͻǳ֮Ƭӡ⿪Ȼ󽻵ԼС
ôǱӼǴˣǳ֮ƬĿУܽ⿪ӡ٣Ҫõǳ֮ƬǻҪֻĿС
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üͷ۵׸ֳһĨɫ
ô˵ڶඣ
ҲҪǳ֮Ƭ뱾ǣǲҪҲǿ󡣡
£תȥʧڽС
˵ҪƤˣܻǮ
޼ۣοǰ壬ӦܲٵļǮ
ĺͻŸνʬȻȥ浱Ȼ˵һĨЦЦǽһڡ
Ŀ£֮һ
Ŀ¿ݴ½ʢǧǰһ飬Ŀֻʣһɨصɮˡ
ʦ
Ŀɽǰ泯ɨɮɮ˻񣬵ĵʱƺһĨǰߵ˽ǰ
ʩʩǹļ̳ߣ
ʦ𷨸һ۱㿴ǹļ̳ߣ
ݴ½ϲȱ֣ܸоĵɮΪǿ󣬿ɲ֪ΪΣȴܲɮħ
û뵽ƶɮȻĵȵ˹ļ̳ߣ
Ȼ䣬ɨɮ˿ЦţЦ֮иһֽѣͺǱ˾ǧĽѡ
ʧˣλʩ룡
ɮ뽪ĻͰ˲Ŀ¡
Ŀ¼壬֮ûл顣
ܸоʲôô
Ż󣬿ɲ
ʲô
˵ʲôָӦκĴڣĸ֮⣬Ŀµʱ򣬺Ʒ綼ֹͣġ
³СΪ
λʩؽţĿǧǰͣͲǰԲŻܲ紵ݶܲȻ
ɮΪĺͻɣһɻԱߵͤ
ɮ˴һӣƾճڽǰ
豭еĲˮ̸ɢ㣬ɻеֹһкƽ˻С
ȲɣλʲôʵģɮȻһһΪ𡣡
ɮ˺ƵЦţĶ豭ǳһ
ʩƷʲôζ
ˮֻŵ㣬ȴʲôò衣
ʵ˵ԼܵһУһӣһժȡһöҶҶϷһ˲仯̳ɢһ룬ժҶִ³˳
ѭô
ѭɮʦһѣĿľɮһֱʩĵ
˵䣬ɮվתŷ飬ĿԹĿԶڸ˽˹£
£Ҫǧ˵ʱĿ»һʢ
ĿµΪʦҲĿֵĲѡ
һգΪʦ뿪ĿȥΣֻ֮ʱһ
˭Ҳ뵽Ϊһε뿪Ŀ»һ
ʲô
ɮˣΪʦ뿪Ŀ֮ʲô飬ΪλĿǧĻҵһ
ΪΪʦħ
뿪ĿµΪʦݴ½ɽӣѣ˾
һɽУΪʦһ˵СȰΪʦСԴˣǻʦҡ
ΪʦߵĻһյĳǱУأʦһ˿ĽܿţǰĽ֮ԽŨš
ʦҲߣУߣһߣʮ겻
ⲻ֪һֱ任ǱĿ£ΪʦҲÿǰɵ˶ǻȻΪԻѾԽ˽
Ϊʦ˴˾ĸɮֻһ龫֣ڿڻƣ׼һһһ

1591 籦

1591 籦
֪Ľṹ
ΪʦջǶ˷ģǻһ
һһУճϢ
ǣδõʱ䡣
Ҫ֪˺һᱻƳͷˡ
˲֪ε֪֮أһȺΪ֮˳֮У׷Ҫɱ
Щ˸Ϊʦ֮ˡ
أ
Ϊʦͻ˺ʲô飬һԵĽϸֳһĨЦ
֪˺һĽִ඼ԱҵĽβĻɮǰЩҲ֪Ϊʦͻ֮ҲкõĽˡ
ɮٴλڣ˵ŵʱĻ档
ʱɮ˻һСɮˣʦȥ֮š
ʱĿµΪʦʦ֪Ϊ³ƬȥһţתΪ۷ʲô鶼Ҫȥ
Ŀµɮ˻ٶȸе
֪Ϊƽ£ֻҪΪ
ɵϵʱ򣬿ȴЩĮˣΪǵĽ˵ʲô壬ҪɱĻ
ʱΪʦΪ˱ɷΪֻ˷ŹǶˣӴԺΪ޻
ǣƺ۾ϵΪΪһֻв
Ϊ˱ΪʦڶߵĹգԪɢʧ֮䡣
ŻʧԼǰİŮ˾ԼǰһƣһΪԼ˻ɡ
ףԼػ絽ôˣΪʲôĽ֡
ħʴΪ
գΪħ׵׵ĳΪħɮ
Ŀµֵ˸ϵɽʱ򣬼˵ʬ壬ԼѾħΪ
ΪѾħԪɢֲ뿴ģѾˡ
Ϊ˲Ϊɱ¾ȥɢһĹ֮ǰӡסΪ
ԭĿµɮΪˣԶԶֹڴˡ
ΪѺĿµ֮Уݴ½ϵ֮˴ųħĽڷ׷Ŀ£Ŀ½ΪԼȥʿ
ʱĿȺ֮ʱ˳ĿУŸֶӵо
ȡ飬ɱĿµɮˡ
ŴʱĻ棬ɮ˵ʦ̾һѺеΪ˳
Ѿħ±˵ΪĿµȫɱˣѪȾ˷ɮ˵ڶ޷ǵһĻ
Ŀ£ʦɮԼħΪ֮⣬˶ˡ
ɮ˵ʦҲΪٴηӡ˳ħΪ֮ǰ֪ɮˣҪһֱػĿ£Ҳǧ֮Ҳ֮󣬻һŮӳ֣Ŀ½ѡ
£ɮ˵Ŀתĵ˽ĵϡ
ʦеŮӣ㣬ɮҲǧ꣡
УƺǽѣҲƺϣ
ĻЩΪʲô
Ϊǳ֮Ƭɣ
һдɮʦ˵һЩ
µûĻĿзӡǳ֮Ƭ귢Ǽ飬ν֮ʿĿ´ɱΪħĿںţʵĿľΪǳ֮Ƭ
ʩϻۣ
ɮ˵˵ͷ֤ʵ˻˵
öǳ֮Ƭ֮һĿµı֮зӡţЩĿʵǳ֮Ƭ
ʱǣǵ͹ģĿ֮֡
ɮǰãһƣΪεõȴ˵Ľ
ʱƣЩɮ벻׵Ҳͨ͸ˡ
񣬵ȵģΨһϣýĽĿ¡
һжǷӡеĻ棬׼ǰĿ±ɮͽ⿪ӡ
ɮ˵Ŀһڽϣõ֮󣬲ϵĴһӣеķɢһء
εε
һһŵķڵϵʱǰĻ濪ʼһתߡ
ԭɽˮһׯϴʼ⼣߰ߣ峺ĺҲͿήһһߵİ׹Ǻ˵ĵڵϡ
Ѿɰ׹ǵʬ忴κα飬ɴǵĶǰض־塣
籦ˣ
ɮָ֣һƬߴ籦ֵĳ֮Уǰ
ȥɣɮǣ
Ŀ˿󣬿˿棬˺ɮ֮߹һƬ׹֮أ籦Ľ¡
籦߲㣬ֻһš
ǰԼѪҺ籦ϣֻ죬ԭرյ籦Ż
ңⱦ֮бض֡
Ȼ֣ôһǰС
ǲһŮ˽ȥһ˱֮еıǰʧ
ĽģȻýһ̤籦УʱѾǰǸȻڵΪԾǲģΪΣʱ̱ĵġ
ڰ棬һԹ²۶ĻʵҲǵĽĵİȫ
ȷҪҽȥô
ĲûԼðգᱦΣأʲôһĻôԻүӡ
£
˽һۣ̤籦ЦţЦѾ˵һС

ε̾һһ籦
籦һ㣬һķûʲôֻǹ԰һЩ
СһЩ
š
ӵһ˵ڶΣǰĻ˲
ɽºһƬƻֺĻ档
ʱ±ԵǰһĻض׹Ԩ
籦֮ػþǶ˵ĿУǳ֮Ƭڵ߲籦С
ΪʲôҪǳ֮Ƭ籦У
˵ǣǳ֮Ƭ籦ڵľٶ෱ֻ˵Ƿʲô¶ҲԽǳ֮Ƭֵһʱ䣬ʱ籦ȡǳ֮Ƭ̫鷳˰ɣ
˵ĻЩ˾ʹĿƬֵʱվô
һ仰˻ȥĳŮˬ
ܲܰȥ
˺˲ȵ籦ĵ߲õǳ֮ƬڽȥҲ٣
⡫
˭Ҳ˵׼˵߲֮󻹻᲻õѪҺǸǵܵ
Żͽ˹߸ʲôʱŪԼһ֪ĵŮǡ
һԾշУҪ쵽档
˼ڶ籦Ĵ֮ʱ·ĺͻȻ䷭ӿʮߡ
ȥôĺߣһǵһμ
Ϊ˱ⱻҧͣһɽ֮ϣǰĺߣ
Ӵ;޴ĺ߻մŶҺմȾһ㡣
ʲôߣ
籦еĿߡ
üͷУ˵ĿһЩ飬ûп޴
ʲôأ

1592 ¸ҵ˰

1592  ¸ҵ˰
Ҹ˵ĿߵȻ࣬󲻹ʮ֮ΪΡ
ûӦǳ֮Ƭйأ
Ͼǳ֮Ƭ籦ĵ߲㣬ЩĿӦǳȡǳ֮Ƭ˻񿴵ģ
£ɫһ֣Ҳüͷ
ô˵ЩħҲЩĿһ
ЩĿ߻Ҫ޴
˵
һһĿߴӺˮзӿͷӣҪȥĻֻܴкᴩȥ
Ŀ߻¶Ǿ綾ֶ˵ĴڣԽΪ׵Ŀߵ߶
˭ôĿߡ
һʦ
濴һ۽ģ֪˽籦ǰĵһʦҲǰĵһǿߣĿµĵһ֡
ʱ޴սõһöǳ֮Ƭʦռδܷ飬һеٻΪĿµĺУػǳ֮Ƭ
ʱţĿ³Ϊ˽ջĴڣǹʦȪ֪ĻȻῪ
ҲΪ籦Ĵڣûðǳ֮Ƭһһֱȵıӡ籦ĵ߲㡣
Ϊ֮ʱĽָһɫĹâβ̬С׶ڽǰǰζĿߣĴ۾Ŀ˷ܡ
ˣЩĿ߾ͽСװɣ
СһСצӲŵĿˮȽĿڻӦɫӰһʧǰοĿشߡ
βһӦԸֶޣĿ߱ǵʳ֮һ
ҲЩС׵ĴڣǰĻ棬ССļһֶν鷳
á
СĴһȣβڰлȥ
ˣȫˣٺ١
С
ŵСһ˫Цۣص˽ĵĽָС
߰ɣĿѾûˣ
ĿѾ˴룬ҪС׳ԲȥˣҪ籦һĿ߳Ծˡ
˴һ˶㣬һα仯
ûһɽӣ֮һƬڰ
ںڰУһֵĸǰó˽ָеҹһأâɢſ籦ڶȫò
һż죬߼ʣΧʯͱǸħʬ壬ǽһңƺҪұȴ޷;ƿݶ
Ӵǽڣ
һֱߣһʱʱ䣬δߵͷ
ɽĲδκζߣôȥϸǧҲߵͷ
ģҾԭ̤
ǾãǾԭ̤
ͷʱ򣬽ĿļǺš
ô˵һȦصԶ㡣
ȳԵ㶫ɣ
ĸɴϯضӽָóʳˮȲܼǰС
棬ǰһ屻ǻ۵ܿŵ
ҧɣѲΧһָָۣԶʯϵķӡ
Ǹӡͺˣ
ĺͻĿѰŰָķȥƱһںڰеĻֳڶǰ
һĽĻعͷڰϡ
Ѿ֪һֱû˵
ҲûʱӣΪҪ˵أ
֪سȴһʱ
ȥ
˵߲Ҳ٣
ǿ˰һۣȻһǸڻ
֪ƳӡĹؼڻǽӽܱ˻ء
ð죡
ڽָһ֮ҵһߡ
ȻֻϸϸһǼޱȣҪǰͶ·䵹Ҳᷢôö
Ľϸһΰ϶Լ׳ϸߵʱ򣬽ڻϡ
˵һϸߴ֣һקȻź¡¡任Žṹ
߰ɣ
ţ
׼̤ǰ籦ʱ򣬰ס˽ġ
㿴
ȻֱͨԶ籦㣬ԼԼĸֳһĨɫ
ʲô
Ҳ֪Ҳʲôö
籦Ǽڽô㻹֪
İ˰һۣ沢δὪģ΢΢ǰһӻóһĨϡ
ֻһϣӴɫʱ򣬽ҾȻ˲仯˽ˮ
֪̤ϵĻҲȻᱻɫʴΪһ̯Ѫˮ
֮⣬ϵɫԽԽ࣬Ҳʼ
ð죡
ĿߵĻĻĻ˷һ
ҪԸɫ򵥡
˫ֽӡһâĽӡķӽ˻Ͱ棬ţ˽αɹ䡣
ʲô
ΧĹâһĨ֮ɫ
ǽ䣬˵Խǿ󣬽ΪҲԽǿסȥ֮Ҫҷãô
ԻڷѣһڣǮȻ͡
˽令壬޷ʴĽ磬ƽµ籦ĵ㡣
Ҿһ䣬Ǽڽ籦ʱûпǱ˵Ľ飬û뵽δĳһҲ籦
ǰĻýĺöʮһ͵Ļݣ缫䲻гٶǳˣ࿴һ۶۵֡
ƤĺͳǽһĽģҲͷֱǰĻ棬ǽһ¶ǣ
üͷȻ֪þʲô棬ʵϿԶԶܳܵķΧ
涼ڻڽ籦ʱǲǶȤζ
þ˵ûʲôΣգ˵еĶ˶Ա˴˵뷨Ϊûκۻ಻⡣
һЦǴԵȻ£ĻͰ˵˵ػþҲ籦ĵ㡣
ѽػþ˱㱻һסȥ·
ʱлֳһ˵ӰӣһɫĳЦ˫縡š
˽䱸ĿˣԷ˲͵Ϯ
ˣӭ籦Ǻ񡣡
Ȼأ
ĻͰ˿Ϊĺ񣬵ȴġ
˳ٳûػεĿһ
¸ҵ˰ǿϿҪȥǰ籦߲Ѱǳ֮ƬôţһǽɫţһɫţһľͷţֻҪѡȷžͿԵ߲ϣ
źȻڽĵǰ
ţźľͷš
ϣֻһѡĻᣬ̤籦߲ȡǳ֮Ƭ̤ػþܿ飬̤ٲԨ
ţѡֲͬĽ
Ŀ˿Ͱ󣬻ǰ

1593 

1593  
¸ҵ˹ѡɫţѡɫţѡľͷأ
ǰһ˫Це۾Žģָ֣ţŽĵ״ѡһ
Ĳδ˵ߵǰ¿˿ǰһɫˡ
ɫЦۣˮһƮɢţȥһթࡣ
ֱ߽ģ˵һҪ˼ǵĿ֮ڲеĹϵ𰸣ҪȻ˶֪ôġ
һֱûп˵һοš
¸ҵ˰ǰͨ籦ͬȥѡһŰɣδ򡣡
δ򣿡
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ˫֣ٶҪѡɫɫŻľͷš
ͰڿϵЦԼֵľٶĬȥʮԱ֤Լȫ
Ȼ˵ʮʱ򣬽һѾס˺ӣһ˫֮͸¶вı
ûʱϷҪôһͨ籦߲ţҪôͱҲˣ
Ľץסӣ˵סˣһʱûзӦô
Ⱥع֮ԼȻ籦˸вš
ι
ϡˣ籦һαв
С𿴲ڵǺҪٲſӵ·СⱨӦ
񣿡
һ˫ŵķǼЦ⣬ķǵûΪвɿ֣֮һһɫذ׳ǰذ׵ĵм˺ĲϣֻҪ΢΢һɽ˺
С֪ʲôôǿ߱ذףϵ𣬱ذ׸ˣҲԪ𡣡
еذ׷ź⣬Ȼеذ˴˵ˣǺǴ籦֮ձһֱס
ΪŻң
Ż㣿ҵ˼ˣҴŻˣ
ذ΢΢һл˺Ĳ˵ֻǳǳһۼѪ۵ӿһɲ֪ôݵĸоںȫ¡
ǲǸоȫ飬Ԫڻɢǰף㻹ţװʹʹĸȥ߲һ
ԼѪϵӿһסˣ֮ɱһĽкš
㾹ȻҶ֣
ҲĻǰʵǰյȼܴһǧ㣡
ǽĴͺְӵУĻҲǸеȽɫĴڣǰװƣ
֮ͺ÷ʱ䣬óʲô߱ذźΪľʳһǰ籦߲㡣
ҪǽĲ˷ʱˣԽõǳ֮ƬԽá
񲻸ŵĿŽģֱܵǿߵѹŻ
ǸɶȻ˵СҲô񲻸˵ˣ
ѹͲ֪ĵΪռΪĽ磬˵ˣôˣ˭뵽һ籦֮С
ⶼʲô˵һʼͱݵĻһС
ŮŹһ߱ذĨӣһ㷴Ӧʱ䶼ûкô
˵Ҫһǰ߲ͨ
ǣɫǰ߲ȷ·ϣ̧֣Сĵ
ˣĽĻ߱ذ׽ĨɱǧΪͻһˣ
ȷ
ǧȷСĲκһ˶ѡɫǻľͷţСŻὫɫΪǰ߲ڡ
ɫǰػþڣľͷŸ򵥣»ص籦һڡ
Ҳ˵ɫǣᾭػþеһ㣬ҲΪΣյһ㡣
߽ľͷţ»ص籦ĵһ㣬ҲҪػþеĵһ
ǧ䷢ģɫžԾǰ籦߲ڣκεƫڤó
ܺãȻô˵ˣҾһأ
һĨЦ⸡Уİе߱ذӸ˺
Լɣذ׻ͦģ
ŽʧеĽĻͰˣϸĶ˵Ϊ߱ذף˺һ֮ŷԼƭˣ
һߣӽɫŽ߲籦˳һƬڰĿռС
ڰһƬĿռУΨԶһɫâһССء
ɫâ֮£ǳ֮Ƭ
ղõĲ߱ذװɣ
΢΢üͷһ߾ܷܿΣգһŽķвһذǲذס
߱ذײƺбôôڽĵС
һͨͨذ׶ѣиʲôġ
νıشŰ⡣
߱ذô׵Ļ֣һذ׺ŪѣںȫоһҪΪذ֮ǰСйӡ
ӵĹ֭˵ԵãԺŻʣô򵥡
ŽĵĽͣǱ鲻֪ôݡ
Сģ
˵֮ʱһǴɫâз졣
أʱ֮䣬ǵѾɫâ񣬻ص˵Ķߡ
ԾһƬڰڵֲָƫƫɫ쳣ҫۣǳ֮ƬͰڷǰ˶ǰǳ֮Ƭһ塣
飡
һĵʮɫĹâϵ˸˵ǰʮ߸ǳ֮Ƭһһ֡
˼ԣǴʮ߸ǳ֮ƬҵһöƬ
ô죿
򵥣
ڱ˵Ҫʮ߸ټٵƬҵһǳ֮Ƭڵ죬ңֻҪһǳ֮ƬΣա
ģ
ĽĵİȫڽԷֹʱضᷢΣա
û¶ģ
Ļ˻һʮĵЦ⣬ʮöǳ֮Ƭ֮УڿƬ֮󣬾ֱԵһǳ֮Ƭ
ˣ
ûκεڣֽǳ֮ƬץУֵǣڽļץסǳ֮Ƭʱǳ֮ƬȻˡ
ǳ֮ƬߣʮӰʧ
ôһ۾Ϳһöǳ֮Ƭ
سһ֮һɫ׷ͯյ˴Ӻڰ֮˳
һɫۣɫĳ֮£һӢݷż԰֮ɫڸ˱Ŀ
ˣ
ţ˫ָ󣬻ش⡣
ֱ
ֱֻش˵⣬ȴǹЦ
ŪϷ򰡣

1594 Ϊʦ

1594 Ϊʦ
һʼڲ⣬ôôľͲǳ֮ƬڱԵش
ˡ
ͲѾͷΪֱΪ
㱾һɵǳ֮ټϰ׻ȸǳ֮ƬУ֮ĸӦŲǳ֮Ƭˣ
˵˽ҵǳ֮Ƭԭ
СѾͷ㲻һ䱸ĿϷϷ֮䲢ǵжԵĹϵ
ȱԼͽĿɲǵ˵Ĺϵ֮Ҫýİæء
Ŷô
Ȼô˵Ҳʱ˽䱸
Ϊ˵˵Ϊ˵ѾʧԪҲɢǿѹҲ֪Ǹ֡
ûв²ĻǰӦþǽ籦İʦҲĿµĵһ֡
ڿʲôǲϷ̫ˣ˰Ľ֮ģ
ǰһ뽪Ļڸ̾˵ǿ󣬲һܽ籦ǿķһͱϷһѣ
Ǹһģ
ɶ˼Ϸ򳤵òÿܰϷŵʱݴ½ǰأ
ԼգǱ
֣Ȼҵǳ֮ƬǷҲҪң
Ĳ˶ϻҪǳ֮Ƭ
ôҲǲԣϷһϷϷԸöǳ֮Ƭ
ָ߽ģֻҪ˵飬Եõöǳ֮Ƭ
˵ţ˴һӣöǳ֮ƬһһңɢɫĹâڰĿռ쳣ҫۡ
öǳ֮Ƭ
СѾͷϷ֪ڻʲôǲõģһöǳ֮ƬģϷ任ģ
ΪýԼ˻˵ŵڶöǳ֮Ƭ
ԭڽ籦ʱǰѾ֮֮ķҵһöǳ֮Ƭ
˵ţ˽öǳ֮Ƭһö˽ġ
Ϸ˵֮󣬵ڶöǳ֮ƬȻϣ
ʲô
ĿʲôֻϸֳһĨЦ⣬һӣĻͰ˽˲յһƬ
һɪĹâԽԽص˶ߵҲʧ
ڰǰֻµһ仰
صǧ֮ǰȥֹķ
ڰޱ޼ʵĺڰǰϵĸ֣һĨ΢Ĺâǰ֮ʱôĴۡ
֪ãֱӦ⣬Ż˫ۣǰһĻ
ʲôط
Ŀ£׼ȷ˵ǼǧǰĿ£
濴һʢĿ£ϵĳš
ֹķʲô飿
ü˿Ͱֹʲô飬ѵΪʦͻô
˵֮䣬Զһɮˣɮ󻹸һ˵Ůӡ
Ůӿ־Ŀ⿴Χˣ·ߵķڼɮ֮׷
Ϊʦ
Ϊʦ
Ϊʦ
ɮһһ񣬴˵ĻĿС
˲ֹΪıɣ
Ȼأ
վϵĻҳΪʦͻ߽Ŀ¡
ʱĿͶʢǼǧܱġ
˽Ŀ֮ǰ޺ãΪʦΪ˿ڡ
ˮĿΪ
СͺͷΪʲôûб֣
ףԼһΪʲôԽԺС
ΪؼĻ飬
һĨº͵Ц⸡ڴǣΪЦݾͺһ۵ů˲ƿߡ
ˣҪС˿ڣ
ţ
Ŭĵ˵ͷǱ쳣档
һСͺͷúõз𷨣ȵ񾳵ʱһ㡣
ðƶɮ͵һˣ
£Ϊ֣ڻĳϣ¶һĨС
һĻϤˡ
һɫŰ
˴ϺֳĻпǻɮ˲Уⲻ֪Ϊȶ˷ġ
ֹΪͻ
Ѱ
ڽĵôֹһһչȥʱһȺ˾ȻĿУгųԱֶһͣѰ֮£ҵΪʦͻ
ΪʦǴΪɮ˲ִֻҪ⻨ǳ֮Ƭ֮䷢һжԼ̣
󺺿еĻ˼࣬Ҳ˲²׷ףɵãĿתΪɮ˺Ůϡ
ѲΪʦŮ֮ʲôɸ˵Ĺϵɡ
Ⱥ̫ˣΪʦû˺ǣͱˣ
ΪǰȺ˵ĶС
Ϊڻļϣ令һٶ
λССĻĴǴ֮ͽǳ֮ƬĿػ֮ǰ֮λĪҪ룡
ߣΪʦΪиǾ㣬ҪôҪôͽǳ֮ƬҪȻͱǲˣ
󺺵˵ĻǼ򵥣ҪôҪô͸ǳ֮Ƭ
ǧѵһĻ飬Գǳ֮ƬӵǿõͿӵΪ
˵ǻǳ֮ƬһҪõ
Ҳ̫Ҫ˰ɣ
ĶżһߵΪʦʹ֮ĿյϣϳЦ˵һС
ͰҲǰĿǰһȺˡ
Ǻˣ
ңǺ޹أ˭ҪǸҶҶǳ֮Ƭһ֣
ĿɲںЩ˵ҲںǻЩ˸ǰһǸȺ˴ҡ
Ѿͷ㵱Լ˭ȻӾһ̣
ߣ
֮ǲ֮⣬ǽĴЩܲײ˻ء
һӣָ֮С
ױЩ
תһ㴩Ⱥ֮Уգ֮䣬ʮȫף֪ôġ
Сôˣ
Ѿʽɱ˯ˣ֮׻ῴһľβ
תĿ⿴Ŀӿڵһˣһص֮УȺĻ㣡
壡ôĿ£
˪˪
ܣ˪ͽʧôôᣡ
˲⣬ֻ룬Ὣһȥ
ȥɣʱúõչСף¶Ȼģ
š
ص˽ָУתɪɪԼһºЦΪʦü΢΢

1595 ҲΪ׸

1595 ҲΪ׸
Ŀ£
ֻнĺΪʦˣͰվ⡣
ΪʦӦÿ
ţΪΪȻ֪ǲʱˡ
Ϊһ͵ǰ
ʲôʱΣԭǿͣһĿ¶еĲ衣
Ķ豭ǳһصڿڳ֮䣬ѰĲζŨ񣬷֮ںȥһڵʱֵ
ΪʦЦˣҲô衣
޷ֻҪŮʩ軹ԣġ
Ų豭ʱضŵҶ£ĵĿ͸ӿԶڲŰ˵ĻֽĿΪʦϡ
ΪʦĿĺܼ򵥣ǧ֮Ŀ»һ⾰һʦͻֱӵĹϵ
ĸ֪Ϊʦδᷢ顣
Ŀ»ᷢ顣
˵ĻΪʦתеķ飬һĨȻ֮⡣
ΪҲֹ֪ķԸɴཫĽβ֪㣬֪Ϊʦʲôõİ취ֹһзô
İ׸ĵˣΪĽ顣
ģУɶƶɮСעˣĿµעˣΪĽһĽ֣ɷչȥ
ΪĻܼ򵥣ȻһжΪ˶֣ǱûбҪڹȥ̹Ȼؽܣ̹Ȼԣ̹Ȼسһбˡ
ĲֹôĿΪ
ʩƶɮͻ֮ⷲеһţȻ޷ѱԣ㲻ͬ
Ϊĵĵһۣ֪ĳֲ򵥡
ĵ·עƶɮ֪ݲ򵥣ҲܿδᲨأܹԿ
ΪʦŲ豭Цһθֶ
ҵĽֲɸı䣬ƶɮǾ仰ƶɮδ㹻ȥԿ
ΪĻѾ˵ĸ߽ģͻֹһжע˵飬ҲýĲҪڲ飬ҪΪͻˡ
ȥɣʱҲˣҲʱ뿪ˣ
Ϊµһ˲䣬˵彥ı͸ȵһͷĿѣĸоɢ֮һλص籦ĵ߲㣬һǷˡ
ôôΪûдӦʲô
˵˫۽ضŽģûгɹֹΪͻ飬ΪǼһûдӦʲô¶
üͷӦʲôһε̾һ
ûгɹԭΪֹģ
ĻΧʵϢһˡ
Ϊʦǲͻ飡
İԼΪ֮˵Ļ֪ˣһ̾һ
Сͺ¿ôôǿ˰ˣ
ƺ͸ʲô˰˰֡
ٰһ飬ǳ֮ǵˣ
ȽĿڻؾǰĻһת䣬һ˲ǻصǧ֮ǰǳһ֮С
ڣܶǷ䣬ֻ֮Уһ˱伸ڵϡ
ƺ˽ĵ˵Ϣڰе˻˫ۡ
ˣ
ȴʶſڷе˲ǱˣΪʦ
Ϊ
ΪʦûлػĿ⿴ģһĨ֮ɫһ㡣
Ϊʦ·ӿħף֮ΪͻĽԾɰձĽβչ
Ԫɢ֮䣬ΪħȻ󱻹Ѻ
һӣĽ⿪еķ䣬ŵΪ¡
ǧĽѾʴΪȫʱΪֻǿ־վǰ
ټ棬Ѿǧˣ
Ϊʦ֪Σ㻹ħ
׻ΪʦҪԣҲһеı綼ǵħΪԼǰĻǲԵġ
ˣǻˣȴΪħ

ƶɮԹ޻ڣ
Ϊ˿ԼħǺڣҲֻΪС
ûܱСûܱԼİŮˣ֮£ɢ֮䡣
ΪʦϷӿħˣǻһθҲ޷ħеΪʦӺڰдع
Ϊȥڤɣ֮أڤķУҵ꣡
ô
˵ʱΪ˲һеϣΨһϣ
ţ绨һкܴļʻǰԣҪ㣬ڤѰ֮أ
һӣһħ鲼˵ĺɫųڼǰΪ˵һЩڤĽɡ
лΪ
£Ϊ̤˺ڰ֮ţڤ֮УȥѰһꡣ
ʧеΪŽüĿ˽ĵϡ
˵ĻĻƭΪ
١
Ϊǻ籦֮У³ֻһħԽŨҵľۼ֮ʱ籦Ҳѹסħ˵Ϊ
ʱ򣬱˵Ŀˣһƽ֮С
Ĵ⾫飬ԪɢʧڤķϲֻɢԪ˵Ϊ˵Ļ١
Ļ֮ʣǰĻһεתֻصĿ籦ĵ߲㣬ǰվŵ˰˫һĲ⡣
ģû뵽㻹ܿڤĴţҵСˣ
׷ͯյĹʦµĿŽģֲռĻǱĹâţԭСѾͷıǿ
ôѾˣǳ֮Ƭɣ
֣Ҫŵڶöǳ֮Ƭ
Ҳκԥаǳ֮ƬԵ˽С
СѾͷδҪԵ·쳣ΪܹԿ֮ˣϷ򿴺㣡
һĨЦ⸡ϣ˴һӣİͻǰһڣȹռ˫֮ʱѾֻ籦֮⡣
ɮѾȺ˶ʱ˳֣һ
лλʩ
ɮ˫ֺʮ񣬸мĿ£Ȱˮ֮С
ɮ˸𣬽Ŀеǳ֮ƬֻҪٵõöǳ֮Ƭǰǽˡ
ʣöǳ֮Ƭһƺһ֮ãȥƺ·Ҫ;ʥǣԿȸǳ֮Ƭķӡ
ġ
վԭأŽĵıӰ
ͣ½ŲعĿŻ
ôˣ
֪ҪȥѰʣöǳ֮ƬҵΪȻΪ׸
ͽһȥףǰ·;Ī⣬вԱģ֮Ϊİ
󡭡
ģе˾Ȼȥ㣡

1596 ƺ

1596  ƺ
ĺͻɽ·ֱ𣬳žǰʥǣѰʥǵʥŮȸǳ֮Ƭķӡ⿪
֮ǰĴӽָзҳһöϹźľ޵ڵڵӦԻƣټһЩ鼮˻
ףҪȥ
ʥǣʥǿȸ۹ǳ֮Ƭ
ǳ֮Ƭҵǰʥ֮ȥƺ󵽴֮ҵһöǳ֮Ƭҽƽһɱ
ϣİĿ飬ʱһɫڽ࣬붼֪˭
Сģû𣡡
ڽߵ۶Ц⣬һ˫ɫӸǸֳñ𲻼ᣬѹͲ̧ͷ
Сģ̬ǲ̫ĮһЩģ
л˵ƨͷš
ܻԵ޹ʵĳ֣Ȼʲôԭ
ĮĶԴţҲգԹԵ˽ĵ࣬ЦߵŮӡ
˵ҪǰʥѰʥŮ⿪ȸǳ֮ķӡ
Ҫ˵ôҵг̲ǵļӷΧأ
е鼮ҳļ鼮ϼŹʥǵһЩ顣
Ҳô˵ҲΪİȫ룬ϾѾöǳ֮Ƭ
һҪлл㣬ҷģҲʱصĵǳ֮Ƭء
һ˿˿֮⣬ӽʼоڼЩûʲôԲκ档
ʲô¶
һòˣôҪ˴ʥһҲûбҪȥˣ
£̧ͷ
ʲô˼
ʲôʥûлҪȥˣ
ǲȥʥǵĻȸǳ֮Ƭô⿪
ΪʥѾˣʥǳΪһƬ棬˵ʥŮˣǻ㶼Ҽ
߽ģǰõʱ䣬ʥǱ֮𣬻׽ʥŮһ̤ƽʥǡ
ʥֻһ棬ûǰıҪͼֵˡ
˫΢΢üĻе鼮
֪ʲôȻƹʥֱȥ֮ڲʱ
֮һߣر˭Ҳû֪Ǹ˵
һθ֪ģ֮Ѿǰ֮Ǵ߾ҲҪɵ֡
ҲżΪ˱Ǵĵĳ⣬˺üŽʥŮ֮˳
أ
˴Ŀʲô
ԣҪ⿪ȸǳ֮Ƭķӡͱȥġ
˼Ļһ˫ʱ򻺻˾Ե
ȥƺõƺǳ֮ƬȻһǰģ
˵ţһԾʧǰ
δ˵ڵĻҲû
һʧеӰε̾һ
Ůˡ
뿪ǰʥǵľշǰƺ
ƺ˼壬ڸǵĺ
ںһ죬걻ڵУûҲʧ
ʱ˿̵Ľˡ
欣ֲվһµУҿܵľɫһӡ
Ȼڡ
˭ڰе
һɫӰԼٶɢĸȥһץס˶еӰӡ
ѽſңſң
СŮҪӽѣϧ޹
ߣϿſңҪȻֱС㲻ˣ
СŮ޳ǽһɰ۾ཱུСͷϻһǡ
壿
ףһ塣

Ʒֵô
ιСһ뿪󡣡
ΪʲôСΪʲôҪĻ
СһŤͷʮıὪĵĽ顣
ôνˣ
ķſСһҲСһһ̵ܵȥеĴ˶¶óһǣ˼װֽ
𣬺úóԣ
ıɵζʮڵϳǽһ̣еСĿȥҲŵ˰ǵζ
ɶأҵ£
Сһһŷŵİ˽ĵߣ۾գգ͵Ŀˮһأǿɰ
аҪ߳Ƭ󡣡
ִ¶óһǣСһҪȴǳƬ̡
вУ˵ܷ˽ҪȻġ
Сһҡͷ԰ǣǽһΪѡ
ôǾûаˣҸ˵ǳģţ
ľǻһŰСһǰһȦСһĿˮ
Ĳԣ
һţСһûлػֱĿŽеİǡ
ƺڽһϵмҵ˼붷֮СһڰܱԼĳԻƷ֮¡
ҿԴ뿪󣬵ҪӦңԲܸҵҴ뿪ģ
ɽ
ĽǽСһСһѧŽĵ˼װֽ˿У
ڣúóԣҵҳԹκǹóԣǹǴģ
ó԰ɣóԾʹ뿪һһǵģ
ãһΪҪ뿪ҰǣС
ĺСһԣСһǰ棬ĸ󣬶һǰһš
Źһӵʱ䣬Χɢȥȡ֮ڽǰһƬ˼ɾԴ
ϷɵˣŵˮεǺˣ֮˴޶Ŀ
ˣƺ
һǳˣСһֳŽҪŵڶء
ɾڴʱһصڶ˶ߣСһһ˲Ӱ֮ǰǧҪ˵˭ƺġ
λԴƺǴ
Ůӵͣ·紺һƢƽеķնܴɢһ㡣
ĻعŽеİŮӣһĨº͵Ц⸡ڴǡ
λˣ½ģƺȡǳ֮Ƭġ
Ů㶣漴Ц
û뵽һҲϲȻĿģɡ
ŮӷЦţʾ⽪ĸ
Ůǰĸ󣬶ԴеһĺԺ
ԺУڿ飬Ůӹæӭ
ˣȥ
๫ˡ
˲˵ĲҪڻУߣǳʲô¶ΪѰ
˿Ů˵ʱе쳣ů޲Ҫеᶼһ
ʱСһҲڽ©һСԴٺٵЦš
ף
Ө
Ů֣ԼŮ
ӨСһܵŮߡ
ףӨĴӨ̰ԲŽд˳

1597 

1597 
ЦˣҼӨС̰ԣǸʲô鷳Ǹˡ
˵ЦˣûСһĻǻҪתƼʱ
ǰһڣ˵ģĺĽ
ǰ׵ˣǺ飬һڷ
ˣӨȥϢɣɫҲˣһΪڽ𴲡
ðɣʲôҪú˵ǡ
Ů֪Լ๫ǸʲôеˣȰ˵֮ŴӨصϢ
ʱĺԺСԺֻʣ½ĺͰӡ
Ůʧһţ˵ϱһĺ˪˭ǷǮһ
ʲô֡
ǰĻġ
˫ֱȭڣǰİӱԼΪҪߣԴݴ½˼ߵĵһˡ
ţ̬ȻǲССͱ˵ΪҲܹ绽
˵Ŀ´Žģûκβ뷨ֵͣ׿ϡ
˵һƺĿΪǳ֮Ƭˣ
ǰĻˣ
ҲīֱӵԼ
Уǹ䣬ȥɣ
һӣֱӽǳ֮ƬӸ˽ġ
һöŵɫâǳ֮ƬֽĿϡ
ǰô
ʲô治ģⶫҲûʲôãһˣ˵ݴ½ϵȺѹͲǱĶ֣ɲ֮߰С
˿Ҳϵǳ֮ƬͺͶԴһ
ڱ˿ĶһĲֵýĲЩ档
棬Ļǳ֮Ƭָ֮С
СѾͷµõպҪǰǽ磬ҲǱǳ֮ƬĴۣǰǽ֮󣬽˾ռ˾޵С
˵ţ˽еһϣŷûκ֣ŷһĺȡ
ǰǽô
ǰǣڲˡ
˫ֶżһͷı飬ƺ˵Ž˶ôߡ
֪ǰɷȵǽ֮ʱҲڷ
ʲôֻҪ㱨˾հ˭Ρ
һ仰п˸ֽ߽˾հ죬ǽ˾մĶӣ˾޵硣
ڽĽŷָʱ˾հ΢΢üͷƺʲôһ
ôҵǳ֮һöǳ֮
˾հ˫֮еɫŽġ
ǰĻǺǰҵġ
Ҳ˵ڶʮһľ巢飬˵֮µʱ˾հЦ
ԯһ壬ߣ֪ݺǺ۵ز˾ԯҵˣΪ˻ңԯһʲô鶼ó
˾һԯһ嶼ǽǿ壬˾һ¹䣬ľĻҰдԯһ塣
ҪΪ˺Өͻصǽԯһһˡ
˾հĿڽĵϣأһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
СѾͷٸһ
˾հӽָó飬һǰɫƤһǺɫƤƤϵԼѾˣʲôܸоõ¶ޱǿ
ǰʲô
ö̳˹ÿ顣
˵񣬽һ㶡
ǰҲ֪񣿡
ô᲻֪ҲǱʦɣֻǺȥʥ棬㲻֪ˣõ˹ļ̳УҲŲ³ʲô
ͺڰ񲻽ڣǽҲǸ񻰣Ǹ棬˾հû˵֪ڶ˵飬Ψǰǽȥ鿴һ
лǰ
Ľһг̳˳˳ΪΡ
뿪ƺ֮ǰó˼Ƿϣл֮󣬳ŷ뿪ƺ
ĺԺУӦ˯ŮӴӷл˳εÿһԼ๫
๫ôԯһλ
ԯһѾʧǧ꣬Ǻȥǽ磬طǽǽ綯ҵĿˡ
˷ģԯһϲ͵ΪҲҪԯһ峢һɵζΪţѾͷһΪʧġ
һĨЦŨҵ˼£˾հӵԯ뻳еɫһڴ
һߣŷ뿪ƺĽıչز֪ԼĽΪεĸı䡣
뿪ƺۻƺʧУݴ½Ŀ֮
㣬õһöǳ֮Ƭ
ƺǰ֮Ҫʮյг̣һ·ϣĶڷ˾հ顢
ò˵鼮ŵİûнӴǿ
֪㿴񣬾עð춼ûз
ʲô㿴棬ĪһЩ㡣޵鼮
òϽģŷ֮ˡ
İ·û
Ǳ·ûСĿ̫רעûзֱ𡣡
һ鼮ϵݣü΢΢鼮ϵƺʲôطһʱҲ벻ˡ
Ҹʲô
ջ飬Ŀɶ
ȻһشģҲС׿˵ġ
˵ô
ʲôʱ˵⻰
ŬĻż䣬صϣ뿪ʱ˵Ļ
Ҫȥ֮
뱾ǰģ⿪ȸǳ֮Ƭķӡǰ֮Ҳ٣οҪһ㡣

ʲôüģ
Ǵ
ܽ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһӣһɫųڽǰ
ţǴģ
ĵ޴ڣ֮ǰսǩµԼʱڲʹ֮ţĲ÷
ʱѾȥˣ⴫֮Ȼʹá
ɣѾʱˡ
ҲãҪȥģ
˴֮ţ˴ĵ硣
ǰĻһһΰ׳ɽ壬¾ڵƲ֮Уһڰա
СģһǱڵĹϲĻʱɨӭ
Ǻǣİɣδܴ㡣
ôĵ٩ֱǰϷĹҲǴڵĹ
ģΪŲ㣬ߵĹǴ֮أαϾĹմĵȼ졣
Уںɫĳϣһɫ˶ŰǵĵĽվڹ㿴ҿ˭Ҳû˵
һǶˣִ¶ó˵ڶǡ
˵ģû뵽ǸŮӣҲû뵽ӡʮͬһ˲ޱ߷ѵŮӡ

1598 ζͬ

1598  ζͬ
ȥ
ǣ
һ۽ı˳˹ʱĹֻʣ´ͽˡ
ݵĳĬ֮󣬽Ĵ¶óһӸ
ͦóԵģһ
еİǣգԥ֮󽫰ǵİװֽ˺
˵Ǵ죬վǸŮӣζڵһ˲䣬ı齥º͡
ʲôζ
ǳţζģϲԲܺţζģ
ôôζ
Ȼˣ
Ů֮Ҫܼ򵥣ӳԳԺȺȵ棬ֻҪȤͬĺüꡣ
ĺʹˣ˴ǿʼģžͲ֪ô˵ݴ½飬˵֮ǰսȵȡ
٤ޣǧ꣬һӴȥ֮ȳΪ˴µľ
ҲǹΪˣֵµʮһͲʲôǵĽɫǸһͷϺ꣡
˵ûȫͬ
ĺʹ٤޶ڴ̨ϣһ²ŴʮÿһˣīԨͼҦˡ
ȻºͣʵĸڵĲҪҪġ
һֻϺ꣬Ǻķ˺ôŽĻոʲôûɣΪ£ڿϷ
Ϊ٤޺ݺݵ²ɼϺ˶ô鷳
ɱ˲գۣԶֵʱ٣ûˣǳΪ
֪ԼôģͳΪԩꡣ
īԨͼҦҲñͷ۵Ǵ򲻹˵ˣ˵˵ʱôһ¶
ôҪǷᣬһҪǳ֮ƬһҪץ߰棡
ĸ٤˵ŹڼҦīԨ飬٤ֽкã֪ĻΪǴĵĵء
ãӦúúõĽǣ֪ʲôˣʡܸ鷳
٤߶߶ţͽ˵֮ǰս
ʵ˵ϾΪһŮ˵İΣǴҲˣ
ĴĿޱȵǿҪռݴ½ֻʱ⣬ЩΪ֮ʿȴΪɵ飬ðֶƭ˴మˡ
ңƵѹ£Ϊ˰˲òʹ˰֣ԭΪܾȻذˣ˭֪ȺյĶȻسŵŮӵʮ˲֮С
صĵϾΪ˾İ֮ˣòľ˼ǧʱ䣬˵ʮ˲о˻
ҲΪϾ;ƿݶΨһҵǣŮתֻسΪһͨˡ
ʮ˲ܾĥת֮Ϊһն
ˣ֮ѡ˻صԭҲΪʱȺİ
Щȱ´ð̵Ķ
ôĶķݶûһѣ
һʱ䣬ĺ٤޶ڴţīԨҦ˽ѣĽĶԾΣ
Уķʲô飬ǴıҪȺˣ
ȺײϣĻô
ĿһīԨ˫ָɫӿԶ
İɣ˵ϲСͬһռ䡣
̫˽Ƣˣ˵Ӳ־ͬ˵Ҳǳζͬˡ
īԨͼҦ֮ʱĴŻĺ٤޶˺øһ㹴§һ
ģĵ¶ͽң˵˰ȸƺ⼸ұ𶯣
İɣֻǰĵӣȥռݴ½أģ
ĺ٤Ѿ˺ϵ֮󣬽ĽΪ֮һһڴ½ݴ½ϣ¶֮ǰݴ½ڹµĶС
ߣԴزζһ
ǾͲ˹
ë
ߣǲ飡
ֱһʣ粢żʧڼǰ
һĻīԨҦ˶ˣ˵ǻǴľôǲǿˡ
ǲˡ
ǾģֻǴδȥӴˣ
˫ָŽʧеˣ֪ΪΣĪȾһɲõԤС
вԼĵֵĸоʲô
ҹɫġ
Ϣһѡ
֨һĺ٤޶һһҳķУһаЦݡ

1599 Ҫʲô

1599 Ҫʲô
Ҫʲô
Žˣɭɭķ䡣
Ҫʲô
£ǲôģ
һĨЦŨҵĸڽĵϣͬʱ٤Ҳƽߡ
ô˵أ˯Ǵ·ģǻ治Ҫ̫
һ񣬽ͱŮ˲˵Ļˡ
νĻϵĻϵ塣
ĺ٤޿ƷһЦ뿪ĴתǰĴȥһˡ
һʱ䣬ʮⶾ֡
ա
У٤޺ͽڴ̨ϻ˯УʮεȺԱߣ˯༫ƷŮˣ㿴ҿ㣬ε̾һ
˭٤Ǵĵľǲ
С㣬տɰã
īԨǿЦǿһͷ׷֯˷٣һ˸ķգīԨҲ̲סЦЦصС
īԨҲòȥ
֮УΨһ̵ľǼҦҦŮԣηκװĴ硣
īԨˣϱͻȻ٤޺ͽǿױ磬װŮӵģ·˵ͷֱĸ䡣
һͷɫ𣬵׺żֵƵΣѵһ˶
īԨһͷˣüĵһ鱦ĵ׺ǳеīԨСһ
ʮǱЦ˭Ҳﲻסˡ
ѵĽĺ٤ͷ۾ըһĸо˫ۣųǰĴʮһǱĴҪμѡһģ
ô¶ΪҴʮ񴫳ӳɺͳ
٤ް˫֮һŭӿϡ
ͷ֪Լȶ˻ᷢʲôϾܵƣǺ٤޺ȶˡ
ϵ飬ĻһЩӡġ
ǰĸ٤޵Ķ˵ԺвӡīԨЩģȫһɵġ
ļٵģ
٤һţŽģȶ˴
ǧȷϵӡҽģ
Դϵķ٣ԼϵıƶϳϷʲô飬ٽԺеļ䣬Էǳ϶˵ӦںƵʱ򣬰Ѵʮ˸顣
²Ϊ
٤ɵģΪǲЩԼֱʡ
εĿһ۽ĺ٤ޣʲô취ִ򲻹
к¡
ؾĻ֮ٵĵصںδ
٤ޣ֮٣Ҫѡݴ½ʲôط
ģã
٤ûлش⣬֮Žĵ
ôҵ뷨ҵĻҾȥ֮ȥȥ
Ѱ٤޵
һǳ֮Ƭ֮ɱ츸ʵ֮Ļƽһ㡣
ԣûǰ֮ǰĵĿı֮Ҫǳ֮ƬҪɱ㱨
֮˹ݴ½һս飬ټϺ٤һʵԭ򣬽ľվڴӪ֮УΪ֮ǰҪһ˵
һΪѣһҲΪԼΪٵĵص֮
ãͰ˵ȥԸݴ½֮󣬴Ļһγ֣ص֮
ǣ
ʮʧڴ֮Уȥݴ½ŴļٵϢһʱ䣬ݴ½ֻһƬ
ʱС
ĸ٤·һСС֮УԺʱ򣬱㿴һŮԺнģϢʮֵʥ
ģǸʥǵʥŮ֮ʥŮ
˵٤һĻЦײŽġ
ιǿǴʮ֮һô˧һǮҪΪߣݴ½ҲҲһӡ
ɶ˼Ҫҽ׶󰡣
İһ٤ޡ
Ȼ˵ôãô޸ǻ
ûлش٤޵⣬ķ٤ޣֻϺ˵ôˣ٤Сթô޸ء
һôҵĳô꣬ҿɲϲˣ
٤޻˻֣۶ı顣
֮ĹϵةµһûаŮ˽飬ʶ˼ǧľ֮ѡ
㣬Ĳǿǣ
Һ˵ôδˡ
ȫȥǣڤҹˣ˭Ҳ治ˡ
ŶŶôһ˵һˣڤҹϹħ񣡡
ԣڤҹδ˧ǮΪߣҪǻٺ٣
һᵽڤҹһ˫˸Źâ޲Ϸɻصڤҹߣǰûô顣
⻨յģҵ뿴ʲôܰǵСԳ
Ȼµһˣ
ĺŵڤҹµһȻ˵֮⡣
ˣ𷸻ˣȥʥŮô⿪ȸǳ֮Ƭӡɡ
˲˹Ժ֮УŮͲ˽ĺ٤޵ĴڣҲ֪һԼǰоȡ
ˣ
һ˵ĸоͣһȥļӸС
ʥŮȻ֪ҲһҵĿˣ
Ҳ˵ϻȸǳ֮Ƭǰ
ʥŮһ۽ģеЦǺһᣬûڵһʱ⿪ȸǳ֮Ƭķӡ
֮ǰұ㿴һĻû뵽ǰʱȴδ
ʥŮ
ܸоõǰŮӲһ㣬ųûеȻֻǣǿޱȡ
㣬ڻҪֻ֪Ҫ֪մ½ڰˣ
һ仰Ƕǣ˵Ľĸǲ⡣
ĿҪʳʲôʱʥŮֻ֣Ĵȸǳ֮ƬֻһɫĹâϵܱŷĶҪС
ڹâɢ֮ȸǳ֮ƬΧķӡʥŮһȥ
ʥŮ
ʥŮ׹֮ʱסűʥŮܽӴ
ķУԵʥŮʼ˫ۣ۵ԼߵĽġ
뵣ģҵʹҵʹѾˣ
ʥŮ߽ģԼŰĿȸǳ֮Ƭӡһֱȴʹ
ѾԼʹһ׵׵ͨˣҲΪˣԹԼһֱ
ҲһжʹȻĸԸ
º͵ЦһθڴǣʥŮ֣Žĵ֡
Ժʲô飬ס㲢ǹļ̳ߣµĹҪĴϣĴ

1600 ˲

1600 ˲
ĺ٤뿪Ѿһʱ֮ˡ
ڶ˵ϣǽߣĴ¶óһöǸ٤ޡ
ղʥŮЩ㶮ô
̫ЩǺ˵ģᶮã
ŰǺ٤˫Ժ󣬿տգָָԶһƬơ
ʵ綼ǼٵģƣâǳǴΪöģֻӵһԼļ԰˶ѡ
һģ
ţҼš
תۼ䣬ʱ֮
һգǴ»صҰеӡ
յ˵Ϊ٤Ӧսۣݣõһŷɥ
ǰĴȴһɫ˶Ժ󣬺һһɫ˶ĽһģŰǡ
㲻ͳǰɣ
ôˣ
٤޻û˵ķīԨ
Ҹ㣬ӡ
ûУֻҴʱٴγ֣ҪıȽʽһЩ𺳵ˡ
īԨĻҲҪ˵Ļ׼ʮÿһǴĵľӢ
ңÿһ˸׼Ϊ˾֤֮ǰݴ½Щ˰ˣıֶβӮʤǴʵС
в˶ǾǰսҲĸܵһ硣
һһƺܾòһʲô
ȻǲʵŮӵݣֻһװ磬ôôŤ
ǾͲ˰ɣǴһ½䣬Ǹǻˣһ·ܴʲôҪʵ˵ô
£Դ٤ΪףθŽһڴ֮˴Ӵųݴ½֮ϣĵص֮Ϸ
ͬʱѾս״̬ݴ½ųڰеƣ֪˽
֮ǰĽ֮Ϣݴ½ս֮еĹңǺƽĹңΪ˶Կģ׷׸֮
˵ʱ˿̵֮ڶΪĲӶۼڴˣۣȸķ𣬰׻ĻʵۣİԼ棬֮ƽ㡣
Ȼĳ֮еһ̣ۣ棬׼ȷĲ׽վڼҴԱߵĽġ
һɫ˶ĽĵŰǣһνı顣
ĵһ̣ۣ۷׷һ㶣׽ô֡
ǲǿˣ
㲢δˣǸŮˡ
ε̾һȷ߰˲Ǳˣǽġ
ȤѾͷȤ
˵ҲʣЦ
ˣнڣȸ̫ȻǰҲ¶С
Ҳ˵ˣ¹شСѾͷôأ
۲²ʲô£Ҳֻһһˡ
ˣжʱ䲻ˣ
ĺͰۣԼк
ģôڴģ
Щ⣬ѯŽôڴӪ֮С
ߣڲڴĺʲôϵ
žһһƴīԨԴϡ
ô˵أŲͷˣ
īԨһۣĴ¶óһ׼ȷӸ˷
⻰˵е㳤ģһβȸңأһεĿ֮
֮
˽ԣһҪԵ֮Ҳ˵ͱĹûϵˡ
СѾͷ⻰Ǽٰ
Žģ⻰ǷԴġ
ٰɣҵĿ֮٤ǵĿΪ֮ǰ飬˵ݴ½֮ǰʹ˱ɵֶΣöӵķʽץһӣҽʮ˲
ʱ䣬սĻҳԱ˵ˣеѾԶȥԶҲ̤ݴ½
֪ҲȻٵÿټϻ屾ֶΣǿԵڸһУ˵֪˸޼
ɣۺͰǾ֮ǰսˣ׵ݴ½ΪӮʤʹõֶΡ
һûдʺ֮ľŮӵʮ˲
۳ŵµĶУȻûвУҲûֹԣͬͬ
Ҳ֪ĳ綼һѪծʱһĹȻ֡
ܺãȻ˾ͺã𰡣Ҳ̬ɣ
ȸս֮ǰȸѾ˹һβս
۹ˣս
Ұ۹಻ս
ûȴȸ۹۹۹ͷ׷Ƴ˾ţ۹˳׻۹ҲҪһ˳
ߣһȺС֮
ڣһɫ۵֮㿪ˣһڣ֮е֮ǵصϮ
ǻƽһ峤ǿдӦԡ
ǣǿĶǰֻ֮еƲϣĺ٤ԣһŹһߺŲһ졣
㿴ñɵֶһӣģôһҲ°
٤޵ĻĻص˶ߣÿһÿһ仰ڸˣµĶС
Ҹ˵ĶԶֹˣսƽһ峤Ҫ˱ɵֶ޹ΪҪЮ˪Ҳ壡
ĵĻҲڸˣ㸴Ŀĺܼ򵥣ΪսĹϵ
սʱҪǰһսʱҪܶ࣬˶еʵݣֻ֪սԻƽһʤսᣬܱ˪ʧĳ׵ס
СС棬޾ǳһʱ֮죬Ǿ
һȣֻһ°۵ƾճУ˫ָһȺ۽һжѹڽµ֮С
΢΢üͷ˫ųǰӡ
˲򵥣
ý˵仰ɼ˵Ϊжôĸ
㣬һССµʿѣסĻȺˣǳ֮㽻
ģ壬ȻὫеǳ֮Ƭ㡣
ף㽻ң
ŭһ˸һĿĿŶڰеһɫˡ
˪
ҵ찡˪ûпɣ
˵˪һôôǰþô
ǿϢ˪
ųǰ̬˵죬Ͱ滥࿴˱˴һۣˡ
ʣһȫ֮ضܰɣȻΣգ
еϼһҪҪȶһڿϷ
ȸСӣһ𰡣
ۺȸزҴԼĶһȫĵطһͷŰУнǿϷڴ顣

1601 Ѳ

1601 Ѳ
˪
㣬
ûи㷴Ӧʱ䣬һ޴˹ȥ
Ҫֹȴһ
Ķң
ֻ˽Ż⿪Լеǵᡣ
ڰǰһ˶Ľ˫ָɣµĿһ۰ӡ
ǽģ
ܸоõɢһԴǳ֮
ǳ֮Ψǽ֮ˡ
Ǻˣ
˭֣Ҳ֣ܲңҪǳ֮Ƭ
ĵĻðЦǲЦ⳰
ҲҪǳ֮Ƭɡ
Ȼ
һҲûΪԷǽߵκεѹ֮ҵԼһսĶ֣ĻǺڴġ
㣬Ҫԯǳ֮Ƭ
ȵȣǽԯһ֮ˣ
ԯԯ֣Ѳǽԯһˣ
ǣǽһԯԯʶĻеǳ֮ƬԹԽ𻹿㲻ȻҪ֮أ
һһͻֱԯǿǸǵصϮӽԶԶϵı
ֻһУı㽫ԯĸһѪ͵ӿԯһͷĿѣӿš
ʲô˾ʲôħ裬һУ˵ɾ͸ɰ
˪ҲãǽҲգһһ·˵ǿ
֪ˡ
˵еԭǱ¶Ĳ֣¹ǽԯһ壬Ҳֽ˱ŭˡ
ĵĸĸǽԯһ巢ìܣĵĸ׻Уԯһ尵±ֶΣѣĸǳ
ҲΪʲôһҪۼǳ֮Ƭԭ
ԭˣֲСѾͷһǸ˵Լԯ֮أ
ˣԭΪ޺ѾͷΪ£ڿȫСѾͷĶְ
磬ˣϷһ֣ǸûвֵΡ
ꡭ
İڶŹؽڣһԯ
ԯһǰɣ˲ǰɣ
һʵȫĽǺݺݵһȭԯգһȭֱӴԯݡ
ڶȭȭȭ£ͲԯֵĻᡣ
ʱĻǽһѪȣǽһҲ̶á
վڰȫشϷһ죬ôȥԯˡ
СӣͦţXô
㡭ǸҶңԯһ֮˲Ź㣡
վԯų˺ݻԯͼ˽ġ
Ƿϣ仰һЩôڽĶУǵûһ˿һô෴á
ιˣô죬Ϊ˲ԯһ鷳ֻаŪˣɢԪɢ
ĸûԯŹǽ磬˫ֽӡһǿεؽԯУֻҪеӡɣԯ׵׵ʧϣҲ
ɾڽӡڽ֮ʱһصԶϮ֮вǿѹ޵Ŀ־֮⡣
δˣİ˫ǰԯӡѾ顣
СѾͷһߣպ
ǰһԶߣһ̣ɫ۵߳ڽǰԼٶһƻڽĵļ򣬲Ҵӽо˰ԯ
ߵΪ˵ѹˣҲ֡
ǿѹѹڳˣҧţ۵͹ڵˡ
үү
ԯڻǰһߣһүү֮󣬱˹ȥ
ͽ㲻Ҫݴ½飬Ҫܡ
˫ָмϧĿԯת߿֮ʱ۵Ψб뵭Į
㣿
߿ʶգ־ﲻԡ
ǸŮ˷ǰ׷ǰŮӺڷΪ
㵽˭Ϊζ´˶֡
˭㲻дôĺͽİ׺͵ҪһЩ֣ԯضᱻҴң
һ仰Ҳǽеʡ
ԭˣֲ
ѾͷϷҲ㣬ֻҪԶһ۷ΪϷһ
ϲģȻˣ
̸צӵģ㣡
;βڽǰβСѾȥڵ״̬ɱΪɳڵľββڰҡţɢǿϢһ޸׳Ƴ
ѾͷҲ̫Ե˰ɣ˪βϹʲôûó
˼ϷѾмʮûпβѪľβøϷħ衣
͵۹⿴СףȴС׺ݺݵһ֮ͨɫġ
ˣô
û¶ֱ۶ˣһϾͺã
ĲòϣϲΪԼ֮ϣһƾͽ˳ز
ģ
٤޳ڽ࣬׼һԸǽǿߣȴߡ
㲻ϲĶ֣ŵ٤ޣ
ġ
С˵öԣȥֻӸ
򼸺ѣû˼һŵҩĻϢһʱ̻ǲܶ
û뵽ϼһΪ֮ߣеˣ
СϷˣȴϧҲֲϷˣ
ǣţXĻ˭˵ֵ¼£
Ľ⻤壬žһγǰ
֮ǰ֮ԱһƻУҲΪľȫۼԯϣŴ˶ʱ䡣
뾻˽һǿϢֱߣվԭһδƺķС
Ϲ;βϷУ
ţһâ壬뽪еľ潻档
ϼһ̫Сˣ
ۼѣұϵΪǿ󣬾͸ߵı硣
벻ǣڽ֮ʱһϹ˽֣֮ûϸС档
Ϊ˶߲ܽ꣬òˣʮöǴƤ֮УǶʱֱ֮Ӵ뵤Ԫ
ϷСˣȻˣϷҲˣ
˫ֺʮɫĹâߵ˫֮ԴԴϵıŷţǿ޷ݡ
ϲģôҪʲô
Ļˣеĺ鲼֮䣬ĳ̶ȺˣâɢĻǴĻ·˶ᱻɱ
Ϊɱһˣ޹֮˾У
ںʢһ˲䣬˫ֽӡԸٶס˺⡣

1602 ˣΪˣ

1602 ˣΪˣ
ܿϷҵ֮ˣǽʮ֮С
߰Цɫ뷢Ʈ
һУϷ㿴ܲܽ
һΣкʢȵһεҪǿ
ոսƵƲ֮⣬ըƲеĹâδɢȥ㿴еĹâһϮ
УǱȥԿĳԼ
΢΢һת˫ֽӡγһǽڣߵĺҵֵǽ֮⡣
ˣ룬ҪȻ
ĵص֮䣬𣬰ۣۣ棬٤Լ˲δȥվڽĵࡣ
ʲôߣĿԼһΣգ٤޵Ը񣡡
˵öԣǲܿСһƥ򣡡
Ϸɲڰ֮˵ųӱ
ͷԼȻû˵еѾ˵һС
ڣѾǴĺݴ½֮սǽݴ½ʹĶ֮ս
ǡ
ε̾һ˵Ļȫ˻ȥҲ޷뿪ˡ
ɫĹâγɵĻ治ϵߣһֱ쵽ʣǺҵ𣬿ԷһĻ档
ҵĻˣĿǻĹâһЩϤ
˾ͽеһɫ鼮ᵽҲˣֻǴδʹù
ǺˣзӦϲģ
ҵʹĻźɫƤе鷨˫һνӡߵĽӡһЩͬȴǲСġ
ɹˣ
Լȷ᲻ɹӿϵʱֻ潻֯һ𣬺һһ޴ܲϵɢţҵ֮ʧ
һǽĵվڽγɵ͸ǽһߣԵԯվǽһߡ
ôԯһĺҵ𣬶һϲ
ôһ˵һЩ飬ֲõ˾ͽԼʱеɫһЩ֡
ûв²ĻӦԯһط֮顣
Ȼ֪ô˾ͽУڿֵܵϲһʱ䡣
Ҫܣ
ãԭϷϧǸ˲ţһ͵ѧԯһطԯһӣϷҲ㲻ˣ
߶Խɱģǲһ˴в䣬ǶǶԯһ˵ĶǱҪࡣ
Ĺâһܷӿţ֮ضţһ޷ݵѹǿвϵķӿ־֮С
ˣܱ֤ǲߣ
һӣƿ٤޵ˣҽһػķӡڼ˵ϡ
ʱİֻʣ½ĺԼԵԯһе㡣
컹㣬Ѿ˺ۡ
ˣСģϲһˣУ
βڽĵߣ䱸Ķߵһһ
ϵĿʼѣ̵Ҵӵص׷ӿ˫֮ĹâѾŨҵ˼㡣
ҲûԴУѪҺ󷨣Ӧߵ
ò˵ڶ̶̼е±㽫ȵ˵ľأɼΪֲ֮
СѾͷϷ򣬲ԣϷὫó
ߣ˵׼˭˭⻰λ֮ˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣİŷк˸
ʱеۼһҫ۹â֮£Žķ
֮УҲۼȫӭߵ
һҵ죬ĺ׹⽻ҧţѪʼӿţҲ߸Ӽᶨ˲֮ġ
Ů
ۡ
һѪӿĺЩΡ
Žķ֮ʣǾһۿǹ͸˽ĵ壡
ģ
Сģ
ˣ
ף
죬β٤ޣ𣬰˷׷ҪȥȽģκǵâ̫죬쵽޷׷
׹է֣Ҳĸоѹơ
ڴʱܲɫ֮䣬գ֮ʴеĹâ
Ũīһĺڣֲָ߰˫Ŀܡ
ηʥͷ¶βҳһս
ˣΪˡ
ɫӰڽǰһ˫۶֮⣬޲ýؼе鶼һˡ
ڤҹô
ԼǰĻ棬֣ظڤҹգֱȷϵ¶ȣһĨЦռۣȴ۵һ˳
޲ޣΪĴΪӦһЩ֣ķˡ
ڤҹ۵ĺܣһһӣȴϲˡ
ˣȵΪΪ㱨𣡡
š
ĳ鴤СģǽһԹԵվһԣɼˣ¶óǷ档
еĹâһأںڰ֮еſǳڽߵ˭
Ǻˣ
߿ڤҹ漴ֳһĨ֮⡣
ǣڰ񣡡
ڤҹûߵľȣһӣƵĺɫӺڰзĿߡ
ԭƵȴǱӴţźڽĹʽ
˱ķˣ֣
һ֣ɣ
ڤҹҪ
ò˵߻ЩΪģڤҹΣҲľߵĴΪ
ꡪ
һ߱һѺڽࡣ
ϷţǺڣ
߿һڤҹڳ԰ǵĽģһԼٶʧǰ
һΪǿпǽ֮ţߣ
ˣֻ˻Բѵԯڤҹһӣԯգ֮Ĺ򣬺ɢ֮ԯӰӣֻһѪƮɢ
صߵڤҹиۡ
ˣΪ
š
ЦţڤҹڻеĽؽͷţϤ¶ȣбаġ
һߣһ˲ɱ㣬굤
֮ӪУڣڤҹὪİ˿ڡ
ǽһᣬһŪʹ˽ġ
ڤҹûѽ
Ϊÿÿҹÿÿ붼ŷˣŷûгԺãû˯ãûˣ
ÿһÿһ仰֤ڤҹԽĵİ޷Щɽ˺İ
Ҳ㣬㿴Ҷˡ
Ц⣬ЦռۣվӪǵһοиֳ顣
٤޶żµĿڤҹ˵ͷ
ֲĸֿޣ˻ʱ
Ϊĵĺѣ٤̫ĴʱһСŮ˵ıΪʲô
ˣʸΪĵˣ൱֮
ɢɢˣøȥ۰ۣǲӦȥ̸̸ˣ

1603 ɺ֮

1603 ɺ֮
٤˿ֵİ۵ˣĺڤҹԼҪҲǵҪȥ˵
ʲô飬ȻǴĺݴ½ˡ
֮ѾˣҲӦúú̸һ̸Ժˡ
ʱӪУ˫򦣬ЦڤҹԼˡ
ڤҹôҵҵģ
ܷκεطΪ򶼻ҵ㡣
ڤҹһص˽ߣҨһСߴˣι˽ߡ
þĻΪѾ֪ˣӽԺΪҲ뿪һ
˵ţڤҹӻóһöǳ֮ģ˵ʱڶʮһͷ顣
һ㶣漴ȴǹЦ
ҲΪЦľٶǣ˿ڣ۵Ľüͷ
þȥڤҹתڤҹԼǰݴ½Ѱǳ֮ҵǳ֮͵ǽ֮ʱڻصʮһѰڤҹ
ʱ۷ʲô鶼谭ˡ
˭뵽Ϻ꾹ȻҲԼĴ㣬ȻڤҹڶʮһѰɢǳ֮
˵ҲɺϣʮһΪǳ֮Ƭڤ飬߱ǽһ
ֺܼ򵥣ڤҹڵĵطһָ״
öǳ֮Ƭ룬ħͯ׼ٻ߱ʱڤҹǿ̬֮Уǳ֮һ߱ɾ
Դˣνڤҹĳ֮β
õǳ֮ڤҹǰݴ½ò˽ĵϢԲŻǧһ֮ʳ֡
һ뵽ˣڤҹҲе£Լ΢һôʱ䣬롣
ˣܿˣ
ûУҲû֮ܿ࣬㣬Ϊҵ
ſ죬ڤҹιߵࡣ
һ꣬ķգգ͵Ŀڤҹ
ȥǽ֮ҵװɡ
ĵĻů˵ģڤҹû˵ǰӵŽ뻳Լж֤һС
գ
֮ߵƻ¼Ϊ˷档
ڷҵǳ֮Ƭ佻˽ġ
ף
ӣ㻹ǱˣñŤ
ôôñŤĺܣΪģҪǡԼڤҹδס
Լɵ˻ƽʣΪ㣡
ˣôоôаɣ
ȻսʤʣҲˣҪصָкúõһ
һߣ٤ΪĴĺݴ½ǩԼ˫ݴ½ϣǰǲ׼ɱ޹
ǰһƬ棬վǵϣгΪһƬĹȡ
߰ɣȥǽ硣
ãСһЩ
ûк٤޵˴Ǳڤҹʧ֮䡣
ݴ½ǰǽ磬ҪǽĴš
Ҫôǰǽ磬Ҫһ˾հˡ
ĺڤҹƺӨСѾͷˣ˽ģкڼڤҹʱ۵һſˣ
£Ľ㣬Ǹɶ
Өûмô˿־ĴڣϵĿֲϢֲ֪ôݵϢ
Ө£أ
Ժ
Ө§ŽĵĲӣڤҹһۣһСһγĺԺ⡣
ˣΪ磬̫ˣлҪΪ·
ûˣֻ⺢̫Ƥż´㲻֡
ŮЦţ߿Լĸĸ
ףĽˣһرֲˣ
һ̣Сһʧ¿ڤҹһجΡ
˾ǰ
Ϻǣʲôɣѹͺڰ񶼸ˣ
˾հһۿȥͿ˽Լߵ˺ڰ
ǰ˵ЦˣרŰݼǰģҸ˴һЩӪƷ
ĺϧĽһЩҩƷһԵ˳Ͼ¶˾հ죬Ѫǡ
ôණ̫Ʒˣ
űǣСѾͷһ¶ǣ¾ͳˣ
˾հɲܽҪɶŵûвҪɡ
Ůε̾һӨʱףǰ˷䡣
ʱԺʣ½ģڤҹ˾հˡ
ôȥǽİɡ
룬˾հ˵˽Ĵ˴ƺĿġ
֪ǰʱ䷢֮飬׼ȷ˵Ҳڵ˵ֻǷУԯʲô飬Ҫֹġ
û뵽ڰȻһ֣ҲûбҪˡ
ǰ񡣡
ƨӸ˵ǽǵطɲ㶼ȥģȷҪȥô
˾հһŶˣǷҪǰǽ硣
ǣ
ǳ֮Ѿ֣ڤҹҲߣΨһĿıǰǽ磬ȥ׺͵
ԯݵʵҲˣǸϲʵԯֻǶ֣һֺ;֣һ־Ӧȥǽ֮ôĲпᡣ
˾հ첢ûӽнڲһ⣬һ൱ʵʮ⡣
ǽڶĴ壬ڶʵԯһһһļ壬ԯֻԯеĶִڡ
ϽţСС;ԯݶսǣվֻǴ𾳽ǿߣһߵľ綼ûе
Ȼ̳˹ȴʹãҲڰ׷ѡ
ڤҹôһʵ壬ڼ֮ڱȵԯɷϵΪҲҪ룬ɼ˵Ŀֲ
һ飬Ĵȥǽô
ţȥǰ֪ǰǽķš
˼˰죬˾հ˵ͷʵĻһȰ˵ҪأһҪľģϾԼһҪýĽ˾޵С
˾հӻóöƣд֡
ǰǣ
ɽѧԺѧƣϧţ뿴ֿ䡣
˾հ˵ŹɽѧԺѧơ
ҪȥǽԣǱҪͨɽѧԺУ׿Ϸ̤ҵ
˵ɽѧԺǽĺڤҹǰǽıɡ֣˾ռҵſͣڽΨ̤ߵľ磬뿪ɽѧԺЩ¶Ҳ˺ˡ
ǰ
Ĳ֪ôл˾հ죬ﻹһЩССʡ
ǰҵ飬ʲԯط
ϡ㷢ѽ
˾հЦЦˬĳԯϵطһǺҵһ޾
˵ҷԯĵŮԯЩ˵Ϊ˱ҷطٰĥǽӵ׹֮𣡡
һ˵˾հŭ㲻һյԯһ壡
ӴӺͺҲΪ˶鷳Ȼ齻ˣᣬʱݺݵԯһӳ
˾հԼ뷨ԽĵʾԻĸ͸

1604 ǽ

1604 ǽ
ǽɵǰռĻԯһ˾һǽǰʮǿ壬ǰʮ嶼С
ˣԯһ˾һ屲֣ǽϣ֮ба˸壬֪ԯ˾ǽҪλá
ȻЩĲҪ˽ġ
ƺ˾հǱ֮󣬶˴ǽ֮뿪ݴ½̤ǽ̡֮
֮ǰʹ˾հ죬ǳʲôط˾հζĿŽĺڤҹһۣδ˵ǳλںδֻǸ֪ˣҪǰǳͱҪɽѧԺаεͷ﷽ɣȥҲ
ǽ硣
貵ǿޱ޼ʣͷܽЩǳһ
ĺڤҹѾǽ磬ǳǿıϤ
ָоʱڤеһɫһ
ɽ֮ϣɫ֮£ĸȺɽպҪ硣
ڤҹվڽĵ˫ֻ罪ĵ䣬ӵŻеİ֮ˡ
ڤҹľ¶رࣿ
ͷڤҹ˫֮еᣬů
۷ʲô飬Ϊ򶼻ߣһֱչ㣬һֱš
һ仰Ѿڤҹǧ֮һЦ
ȼĸˣΪʽףȵе鶼֮Ϊͺͷ˹ճϢ
ã߰ɣ
֣ǣڤҹĴ֣ɽۣųȥ
ѾҹɫδԾɷѡ
κҪ飬ǾǺ˾ͽ컻һЩǽͨĻҡ
ýָ֮лѹһЩƱһŴĽƱǽüֱ΢΢ֻܵһ
ķ˽ļöң˷סһɾĿջ
˾ͽ˵ɽѧԺڼīǵɽϣ
īʲôط
һҲóԵķˣĿ˿Զʳͣżīǵλá
һԵʳͿ˿ģеĿӷµĿ˶һŻڻشŽĵ⡣
λҲҪǰīɽѧԺѧԱɣλ˹죬Ǻηӵܡ
ŽĺڤҹǸӵܣôôֵֹģ۹ˡ
Ƕ˲κμã
ŶЩˣǰɽѧԺĿɷǸ۹ĻҺӵܣûݱĻҪԲٵĿͷˣ
˵ʱûбĺӣֻڸһʵѡ
λǰīǵĻٻҪн·̣δǱһԭԭǼīǣɵɽԺˡ
˿Уĵ֪Ƕĵ۹۹ǽڶ֮һ
ɽԺǲ½ǵѧԺ֮һָɽԺ½ҵĻҺͺ֮ӶǰɽѧԺ
ԭˣл̨

ЦЦͬ뿪˿ջ
ָоֻصڡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣӼźζĲƷ
ڤҹ˵ʵڵΪʲôز
İŷڤҹҡҡͷҲ֪ԼΪʲô׶Σȷһ飬̳˺ڰ֮Ϊٶ޷ݡ
Ϊʲôûκξ
Ҳǹļ̳ߣΪʲôɶûУ֮һǽĸֶ򲻹
˵ԯݣüͷ
һָоǸϲһٴγҵǰ
ʱһҪԯ֪ʲôĺҵ
ա
ڤҹǰУǰīǵɽԺ
һо˿˵һҪīǣҪһƬһ޼ʵĲԭ
ҲΪɽԺĹϵĲԭʮ֣ʱʱľܿһһ·
¡¡
ʱܲգŻƵմ˿ޱȡ
ˣϢΪܿ񣡡
ڤҹýۣӴΣΪչŵĽľչһСӤһ
˼Ҷ˼أ
ʲô˼ģΪչ˷Ӧ飬οǳɻ֮ΪҪúõչ˷ء
һĨζЦ⸡ڴǣڤҹЦý˫
һڿ
˵ΪڿΪڿˣ
ڶʮһʹŵʱ䣬˴˵Ŀʲô˼Ҳ
ڤҹЦýĺһ
ѽѽѽ춼ˣ
˸ŵĽڣĶһȺš
ʱĴ£Ϊ죬С֣һ˫˫۾ǽһеš
ҲҳһڱˣҪһ
˵ˣҲһڣ
ͷҲҳһڱ
;ڤҹĳƺܽܣС׾Ȼͷƺڤҹ
ͷ
ûСУڤҹǻ˼ʮõĴڣ˵ͷڤҹҲûʲô
ֻ˭ͷӳ˿Σ·˶ֹۿ
գڽĵȰ˵£ڤҹŷָԣС׺޲ýƬӶθ档
ͷûУ
ϲô

һ˲ĺ⣬Сವһ˽ָɪɪ
ֲ̫ˣ̫ˣ
꣬ͣţ;ص˽ָУĿڤҹпĴڲݵֵ
ʱһٵʮԼٶܹǰһյĹ۷˻
ſŮ΢΢üͷеıžһ˿ϣʧС
ǵǮСˡ
Ůӵ̬ʮֵĶӣͲӽˡ
İѹڤҹҡҡͷ漴ֳһĨЦ⡣
󲻹ʮ
ǽͨŲͬĻң½ͨ߼ҽССһöһͨͨ˼ҸĹһοǽĿҪʮ
ôȥ
ȻŮӸŭĿŽģеıӾҪ£ȴһԵֹס˾ٶ
ǰŮӶ˵һ䡣
˲򵥣¡
ŮӺݺݵҧ촽ŭŽġ
һûǮӣۣǵ񡣡
ţҲУҾˬһЩʮһֶ١
˫ֻЦǰʮ֮ˡ
갡Ҳ֪ʲôʱ򣬶ۿ׵缴ûиĵطȾ纮ûˣʩԵֵ׵أ
Ļո£һƽŵŮ۵һ˳
һ׵£ǵڶ׵Ůƺ׵һ㣬Ҳڻֱۣ¸Ǯ
һʮǮ˰
ϿСҪȥˣ

1605 ɽԺ

1605 ɽԺ
Ůӵ¸˽һöָָ֮ʮĲ
ǽĵһǽ׬ǮһʮǾ仰Ǯð
߰ɣȻλﶼѾǮˣΪҲӦسŵ
뿪񣬲ΪΧĽԭβûдʪ˵½
ԵƬ̣Ϊ½񣡡
ڤҹ֪ĵ뷨Ȼֹ֧ܿһ񣬶ҪǰҪһЩ
ˣϲ
ϲֻҪģʲôϲ
˽УĹϵΧҲ˺ܶ࣬ó˽ָд洢տܣһЩʳһһ⴮տտš
һʳţڤҹЦţĿŽġ
ʲôʱЩСָеģ
Ҳݴ½֮俴ЩСʱһʱȤӽ˽ָС
˵ģһʱѣû뵽ڻó
ʳ̿·̵죬Ͳ˴Ρ
ˣһЩԡ
죡
Ľڤҹݵǰ⴮ûеһʱԣеιڤҹ
ã
죬ڤҹŵһڿ⣬һ˫͡
˵ԽԽˣ
У㴩⣬ҿʲôû
Ƿû򿾼ܣûĻΪôôɫζȫĿء
˵Ҳǣ
ĳŮ˺ǲҪĳһһĳţǽһˡ
Զ˶֮ĶԻҲŵ˵
ǿǿ߲˵Ľڤҹˣеʳ͵̫ˡ
ʲôС㲻ˣ
Ů˵ĿڤҹֿʼûдתƿκΣ˽֮⣬κŮڤҹкͰײɣȻ˽ĵ׷ģҲڤҹĸˡ
ݼڣ˵׾ס
ǼȥŪһЩ⣡
С㡭ðɣ
ΪѵĿԼС㣬ôǲЩӰ첻ãǱϾּҵˣּҵȥͱҪʳԣδ氡
ܣСҪԣҪԣ
գŮӵӣֻҧȥ˶
ɶ
ųǰˣ΢΢üͷ
λˣǼҴСλĿ⣡
Ϊѵ˵ţͷЩƣΣּҵȻ˵Ѱ˸һȣվּҵˡ
СּҵĵŮҲֻзӵķݶˡ
һ˵Ļǵ̬ȻǿӲޱȣǴӷһ˵ݱȻͬѰ
ܼĴ֮У˵ϾȻûа㱻ʪĺۼɼ˵ı޲͡
棬ҲʹСǰɽԺеģ·ϲ÷ǣ̬ȲŻˡ
Կ԰Ǯ
ĺͨģԿ԰ֲʲôͨĻˣԵĻҪǮ
ǵģʳǵģҲģ˵Ǯͳˡ
٣
ӷһʮ⴮ҪҲ͡
Ȼ룬ֵʱ򣬿Ǹֵĵһ
˵ּҼҴҵǽĸ壬һ⴮Ҫǰǲ̫ˡ
λˣһǧһ⴮ǲЩˣ
ˣ
ҡҡͷһ⴮ļ۸񲢲һǧ̾һ
ɵٴοڸһ⴮ļ۸һʱдԼĿˮǺ
һһ
һӲʮƷ⴮Ů˾ȻʨӴ󿪿һھһһ⴮
λˡһû۸ʳﰡ
ǰûУˡ
ЦţЦǽһթ
˾ҪȺˣץס˶ŵĴСһԼӳǮ⴮ôһһö⴮۸Ǻء
ģʲôأֲּȱǮСˣ
ŮһʮֶӵĴߴ֮£óʮʮ⴮
ǿʮ˵ʮ⴮ˣһټҿջ
ڵѪǳ⴮ĴС㲢ô롣
ʮˣ̵ĿŽָжѷŵʮǮĸоãǮ˵ĸоð
˵Ҳɣڽĳһ⴮ʱ򣬴ͣ
ּҵĴСһڤҹͽĵķ
ʲô֡
ּҵĴСʵڤҹڤҹѹûһּۣҴСޱȵơ
ҽַƷƣסҵ֣ݣ
ַƷƸڤҹԼ֣ʧڲԭϣַƷʧڶ˵С
ղǸŮ˵ʲôʲô֣
֪޹ؽҪΪһĲֵɫˣǸ·ɣ
ѽ
нһЦݣɼڤҹղŵĻشʮֵ⡣
ߣַƷƣͷˣѵģ
ԭܴ󣬱ȶԤƵʱ仹ҪһЩȵڶʱڤҹĲ뿪ԭΪļīǵӰӡ
ī⣬ɽ˺ӶҪȥɽԺѧѧ
ҲΪɽѧԺµһڼīǵĿջΪڤҹ֮ҵһҿջ
ȻһЩǲò˵һ
Ĳ֪ǼٵĲ֪ɽԺڲ½ıϻ˵ڶԺѹ
ʳ̸Ž飬һ˵ÿıϣɽԺѹԺΪ½һĴڡ
ǽȴһЩʣɽԺ϶Ժˡ
˵ɽԺ˱аεͷŶӱȴ˵ǸԺȥļϸԲսңԺ˿϶
Ҳ˵ˣԺԯҵ˶ɽԺ˾ռҵ˺֣˾ˣ
ԯҵ˾ͻˢıֶΣԯһ˾һ屾ͽԹӽӾ͸ˣ
˭˵أҸ˵˾ռĶ˾հԯҵŮ˵ȥʲô½ߣҶҲأҲԹԯҵˡ
԰ôԯҵŮЩԯҸҪ˾հֵĻ˭֪ԯһʲô˵
ˣǶԯҺ˾ռҵ飬ǻһɽԺ飡
չǱ˼ҵ飬˵ǽж˭Ҳұ֤Ⱥ᲻ˣΪȫǱǵ¶ˣʱ仹˵һ˵ɽԺ顣
ÿʮһɽԺ꾹ȻļһǧѧҪɶ
԰ҲƣÿһɽԺˣôһǧˣ
֪˵ɽԺ༶漴䣬ڻʲôʤ̭
ļٵģôô˵пܺһ༶ˣ

1606 ˼һẦߵ

1606 ˼һẦߵ
ǺǣǺһ༶Ҳǵ׵ģƾʣôԴɡ
˺ߵͬ飬⵽˵ĺЦ
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֮ǰ˾հҲ֪ɽѧԺһЩϸڡ
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˾հҲ˵ˣѧԺƣֱȥڡ
ǾǰɽԺһ԰
ЦţЦѾ˵һС
ǲǺߺţڤҹȻ֪룬ظŽĵգǳ硣
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ڣѵһڰ˹ȥʱ䣬ɽѧԺյӵʱ䣬ҪӼīǰɽԺ
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֮ٶֱüͷôľ˵ޱȵļᶨ

ε̾һЩʧˣʧʲôʱ˿̵ĽĲס
˳ʯһֱߣɽ·ʯ׿ҪһЩɽ·ӵȺ֮ᷢ£еɽۡ
ɽɽ۱һźסȥ·Ѿа˳ɽǰ
ڤҹߣߵౣԷֹʱᷢΣա
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1607 һȺβ

1607 һȺβ
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½½һǧѧӵɽ۵ʱʣѧ֮Ȼʧȥʸ
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ǽһǿʳĵطֻǿ߲ɽԺˡ
һһӵϵǱһǿƿ׼ӭս˲δܵʹ˫ۣվǰĽĺڤҹ
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ס֣ٲס־Ҫˣ
һӵʱ䣬Ľ⿪˷ӡںЩҪΪ߳ѧвģٲֵͣĻҪѧˡ

1610 

1610  
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ʲô취ʲô취ΪȥĶ˵һʺҲӲͷƤȥˣˣ¶¶Ϣ
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1611 Ƹвͬ

1611 Ƹвͬ
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1612 ˻棿

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ɣµʦںͽս飬˵ĿҲڰµʦͽĶ֮ǻԲۣҪҪôģˣô
ðɣԴڲһµʱ䣬һ֮ڰҲ٣
Ц⣬Ũҵĸڴǣת˵Ŀ⣬ʧ˵֮С
һ֮ıǺǣ
˰ǲҪ˵̫磬ҪȻôĶ֪
˻صԭҰ¶¶۵׼֡
иǸأֲҪȥϴ˵ûϵ
ǣǶΪңҲ뿴Ϊܵǣ
˫յ¶¶޺˫ۣеĴԼϡ
ΪԼĻҲµʦὫŭǣԭҰ࣡

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ɵѾͷ˭Ҳû㣬ҲҪ㲻Ϊ飬Ⱥ˶Ҳŷ鷳
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Ȼģ㻹Ž˵Ļô
ţ
¶¶ΪЦĸҲԵļһЩ
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һɤӺ˳æܳԺȥǸղŻ¶¶ôתۼûӰˡ
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ܰҲûв˵Ϣ
Ϊֱδ֪˼֮ˣ¶¶ôƤӵʧˣ
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Զֵĺܹȥһŷԭ¶¶Ǳ˽ˣǵ˲ԭĿӶУΪ˲ʧģ
һĻһ
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ɣԵĸƵ֣
ӾǸܣȥߣ
°һۣ˿Ӷ׼¶¶о¿Ӷʱ򣬷һ߼ʵ
Ǽµķ֣
˷׷¿ӶҲǿļ
ôһǰôû֣
֪
ҡҡͷʾҲȴǹ죬оʲô붴ȴ֪һɲͬѰϢ

1614 ɶô

1614  ɶô
ǺܳǺܺڡ
Χĺڰ˻⣬ֻںڰ֮ǰ
ڣߵͷʱǰһǽס˵ȥ·
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ԭ֮оȻԭѾжʱˣȻûзߣ˸е棡
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뿴˿Χʾ˺ƿŵĻͽˡ
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ȥɶ⣿
͸ʯŵŷ죬벻˼СҲһĽ
룬ĵҲ˴ʯź洫졣
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ζţ
Ҳ壬岶׽ζΪУŵζʱ²һ㱻ȥڼʱס˱ӡ
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ˣһǿѹ屾ĸ֪оĴڡ
˵ʯźһʲôһǻŵģ
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Ĳֱӡ
Сһֻһ˰ƴСÿһС϶źɫ·һ֣󰡣
Щʲôôôѿ
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
ŵϢҲСһһĽš
߸С߻ɢŵǣӦǸոշõӡ

΢΢üͷǰϸϸĿŸոշСЩСһڵ
ǿԣǿ̣
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ҡǰ̡

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Цǽһɭ˲תܶԶжԶ
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ա
ڼ׵Ȱĵʦս飬ɽԺѧ뿴һԭ˵ʲôĴڣȻһʦŭ
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Χ۵ĸоʮֲˬо˾ˣյĺһ
黹˵ģ鶼ȥ
ɨ֣żΧ۵ĿϷߣڣ·Ƿ׷ɢȥ

1615 ֵ

1615 ֵ
ǼĿУʣµͽˣ
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ҲΪǽĳЩʿ޶ΪҪЮ֮£ʿֻܽħӽ˻֮С
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⣬ʦѧ飬ɽԺеĲƲΪʲôܽȥ
˵˲оǲУôƨҪôԼߣҪôߣ
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Ӱ쵽ϣһоŵһŽĸθõʩչ
СĽڤҹħ֮󣬸βĬƣ˵Ѿħɶٻǣ
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1616 ͷȱ

1616 ͷȱ
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ڤҹЦţɼɫʱ˿жôࡣ
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µõһĶһֻǷ
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ʵΪ˸еˣǱﲻסЦ
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ħֻ䲢սܱѩ޵ֻԼ
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ڤҹһ࣬ȥι˽ĵߡ
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Ѿȫˣȫμģɲ֪ΪΣܾ޷ͻһ
ҪȫȫպҵֻеߵſԣʵԽǿʹõԽǿ

1617 Ҫ

1617  Ҫ
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һ˫ۣŵĿ˲ʮɳӣǵһ׶ѣôô
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ĿһϢԽŨţҺʲôѩ֨֨졣
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Ļ⵽İۡ

1618 Ǳ

1618  Ǳ
ҼǵҲߣô
嶼жߵԣôûа⡣
ٺ٣ʵǻѪ壡ӵǱܡ
˵ʱЦǽһNɪ
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ҵĻ˵Ϳﳤúÿһ飡
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²룬˫ֲӶһԣıѣɻǹǷϡ

˵ʲôطǧһɥɢ
Ķɱеѩָ֣ż
Ȼѩ˵˳ڣҲΪѩϾҪѩĥ׵ȰЩյġ
ס˵ĻһɽЩˣôô棬ף
ѩ־һĵͷֱĵʧѧҪɢ
֮ͨصĳڣ˳һƬԭ֮С
һƬһ޼ʵĲԭȴǺڰ׷˴ʱ˿վںڰĽ紦
ô
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˵Ļһѡ磬˵ȫһЩ
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ڰĽ磬쿴ûκΣգʵ򰵺ɱ
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ΪǴûһˮ߳ԭҰˣһԭҰ߳ˮ
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뱻˶ĵĶëը˺ɽԺϴк뿪˱ء
һ׶εıڶҪȵڶܾУҪлصԭҰúõϢϢоӭӵڶ׶εı
ֱʧһ˲䣬Żعһ㿴ҿ㣬һı飬Ǿ㵡
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ϿߴеСԬǽԼСһ
߳ԬӵλɽԺͣˣүǰҪɼүӵݵλ
ô˵ɣҪĻͺԭҰӸùϵаһ
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ϷԽԽڴıˣ
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صԭҰѾǰʱ֮ˣڽĥӲ֮£ڳ档
ǣһ仰ô˵򣬲ǲʱδ˵ǽġ
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ˣղҪȥˣϢ
ڤҹȻ֪ôһ¶Ҳһ죬û뵽ô졣
УڶαȫԱ뵽ҪȻ䣡
ĲΪԼԭԭҰ֪࣬º¶¶֤ÿһ˶Ƿ
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ãҪӦΪ򣬲Ϸʲô飬㶼ܲ֡
ڤҹŽǰ

1619 вв

1619  вв
һ׶αʤˣ̭İˣҲ˵̭İٶ˽ԵɽԺȥ
ڶ׶εıܼ򵥣ûʮΪһлսΪʮ飬ÿһʮ˱ʤߣܹ׶αʤ
ԭҰ˱ֵһ飬ּͬұѧԱ
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Сһƺö˵ʲôһ¶¶תš
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ۿŵ׶α罪˵һ˱ֳ顣
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ôĸ͸ˡ
һʣĸ˵ϣ½תŵĲ򽻸˲У˾㵵ı֮лصԼλϡ
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ԭҰһ˲ȻõֶβôǱ˵ˣʹκֶΣû˵ֹö
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һòԭ˶õһ

1620 󰡣

1620 󰡣
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бҪյϱףԴ顣
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¶¶ҵķϲģ׼ȷ˵Ѿҳ˵ķϲģ¶¶߸ֻԶž޶һʲôı飬ڴء

¶¶Ҳ˽ʸȻжİһ˶ûг֣Ҳǿ¶¶ʵ
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ڽ׼˵ʱվߵһ˿ڡ
Ǳƾʵ˵ɽԺǸ衣

1621 

1621 
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1622 ޹صı

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1624 лл

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Ҫ֪ǶǳģͶֺĻˣһĸ߸ߵҪҧһڡ
ιȥģСѾͷƬƽ濴ȥ޺ôôڡȥȥô
ӽ˶Ļ¶¶ˣæͷͬ⡣
ģ
ĻмٵĲɣ
Ļһ¶¶СѾͷȥͦģôʱȴ˵ĸڡ
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ԣѾöӴĹ졣
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һǾûпıҸҿ϶ֵʱȶ񻹳á
Ļ϶˵Լ뷨˵Եʴ񣬵ô˵Ҳ˼ʱ䣬ɱɢϢǿûиʮ޷ۼŨΪ֮ͨбӡߣͱ˵ˡ
ȻǸöȴҲǼаĴڡ
ĺڤҹоóⶫʲôǣȷȷʵʵֻۣҪƻۣǾͿ뿪Ƭԭˡ
Ľ㡭Ϊɶô£
ԽڿӶԱߴʱˣ¶¶ԽǾԼȫԽı䣬Ǳӽ˱һ˴
Ļһ±̬·
ѯĻĻһͷӣһֻص˿Ӷ֮УһǴֽȥģû罫ϵͼӡȽֱۡ
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ԼɣԱүⱦͼͼйء
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Ȼһоڤҹһ
ڤҹ㿴
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ڤҹ˵Ļ˼룬Ҳ׷״ǰôͿȻأզǻ˼ء
Щͼɶ˼ôǻ˼룿
һоĻڳӶֱͨҲӦøӦһʮֲƵĸоڶ⻭ŵȷȷʵʵǼĻ档
֮ˣҪΪɽԺ俴һ飬ϼһַǳ̵ļ뷽ǰõʱ䶼޷صһ
ʱΪܹȡǿǳ֮жĸԼΪ׽ħȻΪĽʽ̣Ľ˺ѡ
Ľ㡭˵ǲǱмŹħ͵飿
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ϼأߵΪ׷ߵľ磬ΪӲ̵ֶΣԼĶӺͺ׼ħħǽһ˵ꡣ
Դˣ꿪ʼѪȷɱ¾֮·
ǿ󣬵ǣҪʹñҪʻɵѾħƣǻа
֮꣬ʿΪֹ׳ɽԺĴ߳潫ӡ˱֮Уӽ˻ڡ
ˣŻָĺƽ
ȵȣȻӽ˻ڣΪʲô
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벻ףҲû˸ǽΪαӽ˻ӡŵķӡڲԭУΪۡ
Ѱˣ
µĿ⿴˿Ѩ֮вϷӿħֿ˿ˡ
ֻʱ䣬Ҫ뿪ԭĻҪ鱦һ飬ӡߵĵ
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ӣ¶¶ӣȷⱦǴ˵еǸ
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Ҫԭ·ҲҪгȥŲųɰ
Դ˽֮ͨ󣬺·ʧֻǰһֱͨյ뿪絽յޡ
զ죿
ô죿ȻˣҲҪǣһһѰѰıأ
ɣô죬һԼŻԼ˵ȥͶˣ
ѡ鱦ƻ뿪ԭ磬ĻֻСһŬʪı˳
ǰʱԭڰеվȻʧܱ˺ҹŨīһֲָĺڡ
ҪҪôù
ͨУڲԭڳ˱ֻнƻۣǲȥһͨǣ˲֪һ飬үһߺŲһߺԬš
Ҳ֪Сӵˡ

һȵĲˮ¶ǣүӵıǽһ󣬿ô˵ţеɫȷʵûаֵĵǣֻ֮

1626 ѻ˵

1626  ѻ˵
Ϊү֪СôߣնҪȥƬԭġ
ǹͺڰַӡ˵꣬Ҳֻˡ
үӲûн֪ˣĺڤҹȻҲǱүذһ
֮ͨУձ˺ɫΧֲָ
ȼǰ׼鱦ǱȻԹ죬һѷӵͶ˲쿪գһķѣƬըǡ
ڤҹĻڻУǰס˷ıƬ¶¶ºǿʮסΡ
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ѵıУһ۳һΡ
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̧ͷ˿ڤҹħʮȷʶǣѪʶ
ĺڤҹԵȴûκӡ
ǵɣǸʲôǾ·ѣǾˮˮȥǾ·ȥһ㣡
ڨЦţܲͲ򣬶˺
˵¶¶ܲסǿѹǺŵѾ˵һУǴĻ¶¶һϢ
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գ۾˵ɶʲôӡڱ֮УôΪӣ
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Сģ
ڤҹһԾס˵ĽŲ˶˵
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꣬صڤҹߡ
ڤҹˣ
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мʹ־ĽݣеĹâ˸ţŰнսӰ֪ԼʮҲ򲻵ڤҹڵĸ߶ȣл͵ǿĶһս
ºȻû˵ϵıҲ˵һС
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ĺĽܹȻܻţжð
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˷ģҶڲ֪ΪΣһ׵ġ
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ڵһųڲԭϣ뱳ŻԵ¶¶˴ţ뿪˲ԭ
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Ѿ뿪˲ԭ˲֪үӾߺ󲻾ó󣬴ʱһ緢Ļɽϡ
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ʮ緢ĻɽΧˣŨ̹ȵҴӻɽ緢ŲĻҳʯ飬ζԼëս˵ζ
أʲôط
̵ˣʮɽԽԽͣڤҹŽģ뱳ŻԵ¶¶˸һ˼շеٶȶˣǱ緢ĻɽС
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ңҲҪȵЩڷƢҰҪȻһСıɿɾͲֵˣ

1627 С

1627 С
У¶¶˹ڲԭзһĻǿ־塣
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Ϊʲôɽᷢأ
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˻࿴һۣշ˻ɽԵȻɽ緢ҽѾȷ࣬˳߲ʵĹâȥһʯͷǰ
ֱңʯͷè壡
ýźõʯͷɢŵͬѰħ
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缸һܶûгڣǳһڻɽ֮С
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ǰһ򣬳ûˣֻһʯ
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뱾ٻħӦԲʱ֮裬˫ڰиɵƵĻӶ˰Ҳħ֣ô¶Ϊôһ˲ʧˡ
ǽ硭ԣ׼ȷ˵ǽ˾֮С
ڽУĺڤҹһöڵһʱҲûв仯ģֻˡ
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²˭
׼صʱܵĻعͷ

1628 ɾ

1628 ɾ
²˭
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Ҫͷ
ĺѾͷˣ˷׷ǰҪǺǰŮӶϣ±Ȼʯ
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ʳĴߴżÿһ·ĵ

1629 

1629 
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գ˵ϣĿ׷׿СԺյĴš
Ҫȥͨһ㣬ֻнСԺΨһĳ·ҪȻôһֱţȵյʱһǾҪ뿪ͨˣܲܰʱ˷ɡ
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ٺٵЦţͷ˸һ⡣
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ͷӵֳɲʥޣǧѵһҩݣԼּδδŵֲ
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һʱ䣬úõֳ˵֮¼ǧٿס
С˵ȻҶϷֳ֣
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׼׼ʱ˵Ľڤҹ˴Ӱ˳һЦ⡣
˼ҵΪҵȸʰ·磡
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һ˳ʲôܣҪǸһ㻹ܷ˲ɣͷӣ¶ûϵҵĴ
뽫еĹֿԼϣȻǲԭǸˣͽ¶¶Լĵܵá
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Ľ㣬˼ѵ˵ҵˣ
¶¶Ļýĵ˵ͷֿԡ
٣߶ûɱ⣬һоֻе뿪ˡ

ε̾һǰƻֳͷۡ
֪Ͳݾˣ
֪ôҪߵĲҩֲУߵʥ޻ȥ
һʱ䣬۵ǰ󷭣ڰƻһиԭһ
ڤҹ۽ģȻǲýĸɻҲȻ¶¶ɻ
Ǻ泯ũĺ¶¶˾һߣһ˲ˮһǲ
ڰϣصСԺǰ˵Ҳûˣֱڲݵ˯˹ȥ
ϥڵϣΧһɫĹâ

ָָĺڤҹǰˣ۵׶˼Ρ
ӦǱͷӽİɣǲȥ˲ԭ˵ꣿ
үô֪
֪ڲԭϾ飬ĸеܲ졣

1630 ôˣ

1630  ôˣ
Ϸô֪ͨ淢Ϸ֪
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˼ңƺ֪飬ǽ£ⶼ㣡
Ĵɫ˶һڴó˰ǻ¸ߣûôϡ⣬ʱһϢǲ
ֻǼ̳˺ڰ͹ȴûļ̳Ƕ˵ļ䣡
߻ڣ˵ŵڰ͹֮Ĺϵ鷢ںܾúܾǰʱǽԶԶҪΣյĶࡣ
ǽܴ󣬴˶޷
һ죬ųϣ˱ǵ꣬Լʱĺڰ͹ͬһУƱҪһ
գƾǽԼţͺڰҲǽǿΪʦ
ǣ鷢ת䣬ӱɱΪ˸ӱ𣬵ɱ˵ÿһйϵĳ˶Ź
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ںڰ̫࣬ŽҪ֪˵ʲô顣
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Ŀɲͷ˵ЩϾĻ֮У˵Щ֤ǵʦûֵ飬
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ļϡ
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֮ǰСԺǰſʧķߵףԱԼĸж֮顣
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СԺĴţǰĻһα任š
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ʹ޷ݵʹռȫ֫ٺ۵˺ѷΡ
ʲôΪʲôʹ࣡
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үӣ
ҿȷԼСԺǲͨôȻһƬ棬ΧƯĶǻƲʣȻءȻʲô
ڤҹôˣ

1631 žžߣ

1631 žžߣ
۲⣬ϵ׷ʲô飿
Ľ㣬ˣ
¶¶һˮߵߣˮڤҹ˵ŵʱһĻ
֮ͨУۿı粻ƲʰΧУȻԴԴϵĳ뽪ĵ档
Χֹһ쫷磬ڤҹʱ˳ڵĴţǼ˶Ҫˡ
˵ǻСûʶлƲǻû뵽Ǽ˾Ȼͨˣ
үӶԴҲǱ⣬ʱѣСӾȻͨܶˣһҵ˻֮

ǰƶͷӸĹ
Ҳֻԭ򣬲ʱͨ㣬ûܻбԭ
ǼϢɣʲô¶ĻϷϷΪһһ𣡡
үһ۽ģת뿪ԭҰеʣ͵ڽҲ١
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вˣϹˣԯҵˡ
ģڤҹ˲ɱҴС㣬ϹҵĳϣԯҵСӣձҪһ
ԯĽ˭˶֪˭ԯңὫ塣
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ҵĳϹƣָŽĺڤҹ˵ֶС
ϹҵˣĪеǸˣĺڤҹжô
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ڴʱ˾߳վԭҰ˵ĶС
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˾˾ռ壬ǲ½ĵһ壬ԯǲ½ĵһ塣
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С˵ԯϹҺͽڤҹ˵ìܣ˵ԯһ˾һ֮Ķġ
˭֪˾ռǲ½һ壬ԯһǲ½һ壬ԯһϢĳڲ½ɽԺԭҰ鷳ĿΪΣ۾ϹȻס
л˾үǣ̫࣡
ĸл˾ĺģֻѣԯҵĳֿɲΪǸﻹԯݵ飬Ϊǳ֮Ƭ
ǳ֮ƬǽΪǿĴڣÿһһǳ֮ǽռҪһϯ֮ء
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ҲãһЩҪģһЩҲʡ˸鷳
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ڽĵʱ򣬻ûڤҹ֣үӵӰС
Цۣ˫ָ͵үӲյĲӳԭҰ֮ϣڽһȭнĵһ˲䣬үӴһӣһƺһֻεĴֽץסһ˵ϡ
ԯҵʲôʱ˱ӣһ޹ؽҪԯ˶ϷƤӵ¶ץˣץϷͽܡ
˵ʱʱ죬үһճڽǰüͷ֣ʳָ˽ĵü䡣
ôʲôҳԣ
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ֲ֪ݵĸоȫ۵Ľķת
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ү˵仰ڤҹȻ˴Žǳ֮
ӵԶĽԯڲģһγǰڤҹ
ÿ
һȽ˵ڶ仰ǱһˤԶ
һα˦ڵϣүֻھɽԺ磬ɱ֡
ڤҹһȴǱɱȥģ֮Ȼ
ߣүӸĶǳ֮һߣڤҹȫŰϹҺԯҵĽ޻֮
ڴʱһâӽϱŷֱʡ
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ֱŵ׵ڽĵϣ۾ǰһС
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үӶüͷΪǳ֮ߣϾǳ֮ǿ󣬽ĵҲгܵļޡ
ɵ׽µʱүӾȻֽڽ֮ʱһӽ˾Уֱӿһ׶Ρ
ǽ˵δżδǾ޽еĵһ
žžšô
ļٵġҸоʵǾô
оôһһ׽٣׽٣ղǾŵ׽١ȻǾ߰
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˽ʵʵǳ֮һδе߷ΪߵС
վˣеܲ˲пʵ
үذԼ࣬뵱ǲ½ʵĵһţһ߿ߵУ˶μѻһֱڲ½ǽ硣

1632 

1632 
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̬ûñȰ
Ľ˾ߣȻϹԼԯܱȵģټѾڤҹѵ˵ˣȥҪǳ֮
ڤҹĹ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣǿ֮еĽĸ֪һ磬ԯߣѪԯڣǵЦɭ
ȥԯҵˣǳ֮ѾˣУһԯҵ˸ӦеĴۣ
ۣ
ʲôۣ
ô֪ĺԯһгأ
ʲôޣ
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ԯһ˵ʧǵУֻ°ϹҺҵˡ
ʱ˿̵ϹҺͲڽĵУ޹أȻԭҰ֪࣬ʲô
¶ˣֵҲûֿɿ׷һҲ뿪ԭҰ
ʱֻʣԭҰˣүӣԬԼ˾ˡ
лүӡ
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ҡҡͷô֪Ϊɶ˵ǽսǸˣǰǶ֪ʱǿɶûء
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үӻһƸˣʮ֮Բеԭֻһʮ˳С
Ҫ֪ǽһһˣ׷ųţСһ㣬Ƣһ㣬Ǯִһ֮⣬Ҳûʲôȱˡ
Ϊˣʮ˱һŮáöˡ
ô˵ʦҲ׷ඣ
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˵ģ˵ģԽ˽үӣԽʦ˼£˺޲ôһҪӷӵּ
ٺ٣ˣ˵¶ɣɶʣΪʦûԷأ

1633 

1633 
Уͨз顣
ڵЩүӵЩԼһзһĻ׶Ϊʲô
ôҲӦöٵ˽ˣͺͷ˵һڰ͵ʶϷŻǳڲԭһ֡
үҲпԵģҲͳ˽ڤҹܶԸ꣬û˽⵶Ļһںڰӡóħʱ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲôĺ
үӣҲӦˣǼϷ򣬵ļʣԲŻݺϷĻԣ⻰ԣ
үڨЦţֱӺ˽ĵĵڶ⣬ʡ
ͨĻ֮ʵͻͬһޣѰɣϷҲ̫Ҳøõ˻֮Żǳ֮ʱûбɶ֮õǳ֮
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ΪԵ˽ͨΪԵԼľҲΪԵı˻֮кǳ֮ķɡ
ΪԵʱ˿̵Ľ̤˾ߵС
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ү֪ĵĿģĺͽİ˵Ѿͷϱֵ쾡£˵Ů
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Խĵδվүţһһм衣
СѾͷϷһʣǳ֮Ǵģ
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1634 

1634 
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е˶ɽԺԺүӵͷϣ˵ŻүӱծһĻ
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һթЦţ֪֣ȴҪʳǱжôˡ
ȻİʦһǮҪܳԲ䷹ԲǮһóôǮҪ
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ĪһǸ˵ţҪʦ֪ô˵Դ㾾
˵˵ЦЦһгž뿪ɽԺʼһµļڣ˳ȥɽׯѰ
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1635 Ҷ

1635 Ҷ
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1636 ̫

1636  ̫
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1637 㷳

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1638 

1638 
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ĺ¶¶ϴһ׼ɽ棬ڤҹȻǸߣ˾Ҳ˸ָĽڸ¶¶ɽƲ죬ڶɽׯҲûʲô˼ȥɽҲá
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ָŲԶë׵ޣһ˶ߵ޿ɰĺܡ

1639 

1639  
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λһڶһҪĹ򣬸λ򲻿ɶУˣʼ
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ͭһ˲䣬㿴ʮСĳص㻬С
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ͣڤҹ
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ݵĳĬ֣֮ļ

1640 ү椣

1640 ү椣
Ҳãǰ¶ˣԺҲҪģҪԸöð
볤̾һҲһһУǲС
룬Ҫص屨ѩޣûһС
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Ҳ켣УŸһЦҼûǰת˺Ժ
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ָǰСԺСԺѾưܲĲƺöûסˡ
ʱһĻĻصǰ÷ǰЦлɢȥǹ˰ǧ꣬ҲһĨЦ
λϯǰԺλƲǰԺ
˵ҵүү˽˻ԺŹһ
үû뵽ǣǰĲǱˣ

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عһĨЦ⸡ֶΪԼ˳Ϊůš
ڿʱ򼲲ǰмǾñǵġ
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Ϊıƣ岻ϧ÷׺ֻҪѡ
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ɲϹܼҺٺٵЦţߵ¶¶¿ͣ

1641 ӣ

1641 ӣ
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ɲһ仰˵˾ЩˣȻϲ¶¶ǰûһƲ飬ŵ¶¶Ǻá
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ô˵˾ռҲǸ壬κһ˾ռһֻȫûŮ鰮һ뷨ڴ˾һֱδɼңĴүҵСүüĿСøϿȥü׼ǡ
ͷ˼¶¶ӣܲܳΪ˾ռϱ֮磡
СôϷ˵أϷ¶¶һܳΪ˾ռδСٷˡ
ιүǲܣ
㲻ɣΪϷϸ첲Ⱦ㣡
ҵ¶˾ϹܼҳɲɲǲľӣҪ롣
ҲǸƢܵҳɲǲ˾ռҵϹܼңԭҰǲ׼˵ģ˾ռҲС
ͷϡ
СӣҪһܣ
ʹ˭˭
СôҲɶ
һһͳɲ˵ϣüˣΪô¶ô˵ˣʲôң
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ʱĻ棬ȭͷɱӿ

1642 

1642  
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⺢ӴѾ˶ϵĹʱȽϱ磬涾ļһﶼᣬһ
ԣÿһ˵˲ݳ̶ȵѵ
ڽĺڤҹսǵսһٶʮģүžԵģܸɽԺһ
Ϊ˵ģҲǽҪġ
СѾͷһαһϷʵõһڶأǰǳĵһõĽǹؼһ
ʲô˼
˵ǳαй΢΢ÿͷȴġ
ܼ򵥣ĵһԻǳյлᣬңֻ
Ҫ֪ǳеʱԶ˵Ѿ㹻һЩˣǳô˭Ҳ֪ĺͽİǳʲôλãץһλĻ˿ԼһΡ
һô
ŷҧŴǣ۵һĨ֮ɫֶ
ǰԺѾһֱΪβԭҰΪ˴˴αĴ
صԭҰѾʱ֮ˣһ뵽ǰǳ֮Уı޷סԼ顣
˷ģһǳ
ţ
ա
үľ׼ңվɽԺɽµˡ
һֻүԼԭһǰԺ
үԼĻ˵Ѳ㣬ܼٿ֧ͼٿ֧
ɽԺרõĺǰԺҪʮʱ䣬ʮʱ棬үӻԴڼΪָ˵С
룬£˾ĸ˻˵ϾѾһĽֻҪָɡ
¶¶һȫûκʵˣԣүѾ׼һС
үӣ㻹Ѫ
ڿöָʱ򣬽۾û뵽үӻֱΪʱ򣬿ŵүӾȻýķ͸¶¶
ǣǶϷͽܣϷһֱţ͸¶¶ˣ
ү͸¶¶ķʮǿ󣬶һԶһ
ҲǴпָһЩϸָܸߴôǿаһ㣬ǿָ֮ڵһߡ
һָֻҪѪڽָϣָᷢЧһʱĨߵΪ
˵һöָ൱Ҳ൱ڻΨһĲָͬεʱ䣬޴߶
ǴָҲиãÿһöߵ
ûϵҺأ
¶ĺأ¶¶ΪָĹϵɡ
Ӻǰһʱ俪ʼ¶û¶õҩι¶¶ԣһ˲ͬĿζ
Ƕ˵ҩ¶¶ڵ˵˵ǧ˰궼û⡣
УǸ
Ѿúܴˣһôߣθ¶¶ÿ춼ҪָӺöʳȻǮˮܿСһﳤĸ㲻Ծķ
ڵֻڣ˺ֻеȵڲ
ͷӣûɶöҵ㣿
һĻ֪ʱүӵҪźô
Ļ˵үӶ˻ôˡ
Сӣǲǲʲôö
ûûа
Ļһ϶С۾涼顣
ĻתߣүһץסĻµĶţֻžһһɫӵ˵ϡ
Ϸ֪һŶĵԪ
ңǶΨһҵ롣
ĻڶãȻ˿жһɱ˲գ۾ĹǶܺá
ڵǶΨһĶԲͷߡ
û뵽СͦãϷ㻻ĵԪɺã
˵ţүӴһӣһâֶһˮУһ˵Ӱ측УֵĻһӾͣĿˮеӡ
񡭡Ƕ񣡡
۵һĻ޳ĺܡ
Ļˮ޵ǽһʹ飬ֱӲᶾĵԪ
үӽԪһ飬Ԫ֮еͷһֱ棬ȫȫЦ˶ĵԪһǿΧ
𶯣úô
үʾ°ҪԵš
һԵĻǿ޸ͣģһң֪ĻΪ˵
Сһզ¶ô޵ôˣ
¶¶̲ȥοĻĻȰ˵Լ޵ĸ
ð֮˵ԼͶ顣
һԵүε̾һ
ǺȷȷʵʵǸţֻϧӢŰ

1646 

1646  
Ļ˵ǸʮǿļһǰǿĴڵ˭
ĻԼĻ˵һǿߣһʱĺ
ɺȴˣһ˲뿪磬ʲôǿĶö䣬˲һЩ档
ǶԼ
΢΢̾һүӸ˵Źڶ顣
ԭԭǲ½ҵĳӣǹȴĸӶ˱ɱΪһЩĪеԭ
ѲĹԭɽϰһؼеĶ飬ǵһ顣
Ŷ飬ԭһǿճΪŷɥĶļݡ
ΪĹԭһҪΪĸ׸һսԼս԰ټƵĸ֣вؾ쾳ĸ֣ͳͳ˹ԭС
ү˵˲⣬ǿ쾳ҲֵĶΪʲôᱻԼɱ
Ϊһ֡
Ӣ۶޷˹أˡ
ұЩţԴʧڴ·ϣʱУڻԭ½ʶһŮӣŮӴãɶΪ飬ȫѾ綾ޱȣȻȥ׽Ůӡ
ҲΪĳ׷˻ԭ½ŮӵΪҪЮ
ʵڱ֮㲻ٻȥˣ˳ª˼䣬Ѿûκ֮ΧŮӵĳһ˺ڰԨ֮С
ҲΪۣ㡣
ŮΪ˲۶ӭײ˵˵ĵ֮УǶ˵һνӴű˴˵ů
ҲˣŮʧ˶ĻС
Դˣŭչ˷ɱ¾һɱ֮У˵˶С
үҲòɽֹһɱ¾ָ֪֮󣬱ʧ֮䡣
Դһˮбжһ˿˿ꡣ
ΪΣ
ˮзӡߵǶһ˿꣬ǶΨһϣĻҪڿŮһۡ
˵үӵĿ⿴ں¶¶¿ˮĻ
ǱʺɢޱȣڶߣҲħޣǽ·׶ֵһצ˺顣
Ļôô
ǵССˡ
ʦղŽĵԪغµҪ˵˶ô
Ҳ
үҡҡͷָָº
˵࣬Ȼһ̳˶һ̳ͷ˶ҪϵǿԼȡߵҲǺôĴڡ
˵үӵǺһڵºһƲȫľͰôľͰжжװ¶ٺˮҪˡ
£¶¶˵ˣʣµı˾
룬˾֮үӷĵģҲˣҲʮѰһ
˾˾ռ壬űߣĶǼϲĹŵĶǿĹҲΪˣ˾ֻѬ֮£ǿе޷á
̫֮࣬ͨ
ΪϲĹϰż͸ߣҪͨͨǾ͸ϼˡ
Ҫ˾ëҲǼ򵥵飬ֻҪԴԴϵóԵҩͿˡ
Եҩа
նԪһԵĽЦߵ˾ǰָָԼ¡
еҩҪж٣ɶûأֻǰѣ
ֻת֮үýֺͷ붼ܲµĶҪ˾һʣѪӡ
Ȼһоүһ
ʦҲ֪ҩݱļֵͷǳߣټҺʦֻҪķѾƵҩǮôҲ˵һЩ㲻üǱϾͬʦֵܣǮȻ˵
һ˵仰ʹ˾Ҫùˡ
ԭҰôʱ䣬˾˽⽪ôĴӻóһöָָ;֪װŵĲһӴ
һʦܵһЩ⣬ͷʦʦˣȵ˾ռ֮ʦһϸ⡣
ѽ˵˵ʦֵܵôɶ
ô˵ֵٶȿûκ棬ָԼָУһЦթޱȡ
㣬ȳš
һöҩһöϹźľ޵ڵ
ΪûϹźľڵˣû뵽мöСװƷˡ
лʦ㡣
¸ʦ
һЦүӺһô˭ӣʦʦܡ
ʦأ
¶¶º˾鶼ˣأ
ƨƨߵǰһ˫Ũüڴ
㰡
үڽָȥҵһ顣
ʲôؼҲĹ
Ķүӵݹ飬ǿ鼮ϵ֮ʱһ˲
ʦɶ˼ôộô˵ˣСԴӻҪô
ûүӸǡô̡ҲŲӿȥʱһ
Ȼе㲻£еСͬ飬үⱾûë
ʲôãһһħǶʯͷ֮ΪټϱһǾԲռʲô˵ġ
ǣ̫˽ԭί֮ϲóóȻ֣߻ãԼжʲôթˣȻԿģ˶
ʦܻܲңⱾҶʶûɶ˼
ӷˡô̡Ȿ飬ɻûڶҳѾʼ겻ˡ
һЩɱɱȥˣܱȿֿζ鼮Ҫܶࡣ
ɣʦĻܹûд̫꣬ʲô¶ַá
Ȼ֪үӵ⣬һգҲֻһԿɻƬб˯˹ȥ
죡
үӣ
Ĵ¶óǸүӣүӰ˫ӹ˰ǽ䱸ĿŽġ
ɶ
ڣǼ鼴СѾͷҪɶ
ʸ¶һβμӱмˣûʲôֵġ
û¶Ϸ㣬ȺϺڤҹĶ֡
ҪֻǸԺУѧһ㣬ү㹻ţɽԺٲڡ
ʦ˵һЩʲô飬±òֹһ£׷ʲô
Ҳ˵ģ巢ʲôͲö֪ˡ
˵һ飬ŰǵүϢ̾һ
Ϊ˹⵷£²ѡ˹룬űֹ˱һµʱ䡣
˹룿ʲô¼Ȼص
ҡ

1647 è

1647 è
ǽ磬еǳ
ǳӵмǿΪߣһһ̤۷塣
ǣбףж棬ǽˡ
ָĻһе֮أǽ˻򣬱ʧȥ
ңǻÿǧ걬ζңԴԴϵϴʮԺɸǧұҲҵǿ䵽˷Ժ
ҪȻǱĵصǷԺʮǰһ֮󣬲Ÿĳ˽Ժ
ԭˣҾȻǿ󡣡
ʮǰҵҴļǵһĻһǿȻбһ޷ݵĿֲ
أʲô飿
һ֮ǿйʲô仯
ɶ
үӲĿŽģ֮ʲôҲûзóԳԸúȺȸ˯˯
ˣ˵ЩϷҲһЩˣɶ¶͵˵ˣϷȥ˯ˣ
ۻǷү˫յʧ˵С
ɽԺľǰԺĶʮгУһ·үӶڽ˾ˣָ˵й£ǱȵĿ飬һӵʱ䣬һǱ˯֮С
ڣʮ֮һ˵Ŀĵء
´ʱ򣬺˵Ŀĸںʲˡ
ɽԺǲ½һһĴڣôľǰ͵Ҳܡ
һһĿУĽʵȵɫĲ֮£үΪ׵ɽԺĲǰ
ǵĿҲ֮ƶš
ʱԺԺԳӭɽԺϵˣڿʱԺԺĪԨ֣ƺڽѺõοʣʵ˶ڻž
ϣþûмˣҲ֪һʱȥˡ
ˣСӻţϷһ㶼Ĳ
үӺĪԨүӶ˶Ц⻰֮ƺŶԷԼһ
֪λү֮ĶԹԹȻеһУ֪ĪԨ˵ĶԹȻ֮䲢ǿȥôѺõĴڡ
ϷȲҪȺӵıˡ
ĪԨĿ⿴үӵүΪҵĴؾĪԨ
СĺˣһھʤһɽԺġ
ǳɣƼʱˡ
ŶõĹ֮ѾӼЦŭҪڶǰǾԺԺԼүӻͷһ֡
μӱ˷ǳ࣬ڲ·ϵĹԺмһβĶ޵ʮˣҲ˵߰˵ıѡ֣ټϸԵĵʦȵȵȣʮ˴Ρ
ԺȻܳнôӴıʢʵһǷǷۺ
罪ĵһԺĺ̶ȲԶݣ˵סĵطǽһɣͻʹѷɫ
ԭҰס֮ûκοɱԡ
ͷӣ㿴˼ѧԱסĵضٿסķӣͽв𰡣һ֮Ĳ𰡣
²ۣүӻһۣҪǵôҪԺķ緶Ҫ˿ӿװʲôط
һԺֻ˴꣬ԼʲôõģʺģԲԺ˿ˣмǮôʲô˲ˡ
˵ˣȺûоóôԭҰൽǱҪûԭҰĻħֻӣĶ顣
үһԹ룬Ҿˡ
׼˵һ֣˴ܴǶô

Ǵţô˭ģ
һĨЦ⸡˵ǣǿа
ԭɽԺһ𾪱ʱȴı顣
ⶼɶɶ
ɱȲɽԺɽԺǷˮǽһػƽĵرϧ
ǣɽԺǽǶģƣһ׻ңຮף
һ仰һ仰ǰɽԺԺս𳹳׵׵ļŭ۷壬ѧԺѧôɽԺļԼԺһǰȥ׼֡
Ժǰ׼úýѵһ߸ˢһӺһ
Ҵǣ㲻֪ԺĻôҪǸҵһӣʦܴȫ⣡
ԣҶһָͷԣ

үعͷŽĵˣ⼸С˶ǹû
УһȺСӣ
ɽԺԺһͲܺƽһЩô
ʱһĻеĸ֮˲ɢ
˷׷׻عͷֻһķ羰ŵĲһߵǵǰ
һɫŮһŮǰӵĻǸŮȻ˵ʹһЩģԾǷ˾ɫһ֡
Сôˣ
ǰһ뻹콣ŵĪԨһЦߵŮߣ¿ųǰŮӡ
ʮȥˣС鰡
ĪʦֻһİЦͲ֮ܳΪˣλʦ֣ôȥˣôĲһͳܵë
ʦ̫֮գĪԨЦȴһƺǺʦ̫
û¶ĻҾˣġ
£үӱŽĵסһСԺ֮С
Žʧе죬ʦ̫ʧС
ѵȥô꣬ʦֻǲô
ѹҲ֪ͷƢ
ĪԨοžʦ̫Щ⣬ɽľʦ̫ɽԺү֮䵽ĶԹԹ
үӺͽһҾסˡ
½˾ͽ¶¶һֱүӵҪһʷǼ鵽ô¶
ƽʱĻүӵԸڿŮʱһ٩һǾ͸ղǸ̬˵Ǿʦ̫ʲôԲүӵ飬Ҵ֮ĶԻʦ̫ĪԨүӻʦֵʦõĹϵ
Ǹʲô
ٺ٣ûʲôһĺѡ
ЦţЦǽһ
ǰүǴԶ˲赹ˮҲһó˹Ϲڷүǰ
ʦǸʦ̫֮䣬ʲôԹԹҪҪǳ֡
ǳ֣ǼڵΪ˵ƾ͹ˣ
үӰһ룬ܵеĿ⣬Ҳ֪Լ㲻ˣ⼸Сһһ׷ȥʸס

1648 ֮

1648 ֮
ңĪԨ;ںǰͬţ
̾һү˵źܾǰ顣
ʱĪԨоͬţͬһ༶
ҲڵϣһŹϹһŶүӵİԡ
ʦֵ˿˵ԺҺ飬ϵǽһĬ
ңʱľϲүӣүҲ֪Ƶ⣬һֻУûнܾƵİ⡣
үԼҲΪһжգ֪
ʦô
ţǵʦ½
˵½ֵʱүһ޷ݵǿ˵İ
һֲҪκδΪҲΪֿİ顣
֪Լ϶½һһԣ½ߡ
Ȼ˵½ֻһССߣ΢Ŀǰ½š
˳ɻһ죬±ǶۼںԺƺĪԨҲС
ǾƲľôһʵµķˣڻ½˭Ӯ͹˭
ȥ飡
ô̼龹Ȼʵҷүӵϡ
˿ιֿŵߣ֮ǰү𾪲½ľУҲ̫˰ɡ
ʦһΪµߣʦ̫Ǹ֣һ񵽵׷ʲô飿
ʦǺʦɻˣ˺ӣ˺Ҳ˵һ֮ʦӮ˾ʦ̫
ʦˣһΣ
ջϵĻ棬ݺݵԼһ͡
ǵʱ½Ļٴ죬Ҳú鷢ˡ
½ˣүӱѰǽҽӲ½ԭ½ӻԭ½½һү˸顣
գ˿ԾһϢõҩ½
Ǹҽ˵˸ָ˵⣬үΪԼӣǰʲô趼һһɡ
գҽүĵİԼӣһξ½
Դˣ˱˺ܳһʱҸ˺ӣҲк
ԭΪ鵽ͿԼҸȥ˭֪ƺĪԨһγ
ʱǽ緢һ飬ǽֶħɱүӺһСУҸƺĪԨҵ˶ˡ
Ϊ壬ΪѰҵӡħķүӺĪԨǽһΣ֮ҵ˲񷽣
ү֮ǰǧ㶣չ˺½ˣǣүӺĪԨʱ򣬷˵ƣԼѾɱ˵½Լǵá
½֮ǰԼ˽籣Ӳ˺ǴӲĿĸ뿪˽磬ͬ⵽ħĶ֡
ҵˣħҲӡˣӺʹȴԶزˡ
ӵȰ˵֮£ȥɽԺԺһֱڡ
үӺ½֮飬˳Ĭˡ
û뵽һֹۿŵүӾȻҲ˱˵Ĺȥ
ǰˣүҲþûж˵
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣү̾һվ
ǰ֪֮٣ϷĴϷȥǼ˱Ϲҹ䣬Ϸɲܣ
£үӱ˫ʧǰ
Ŀ˿ڤҹб֮Ũš
үӵ飬Լı֮С
ĪҪˣүӵķ˺ͶӶתүҲӺͶӡ
԰ôһˣ
үӵ½ʹȻˣתңүӵı죬Ȼ֪ӺͶת䡣
ڤҹһҲˣһҪҵң
ΪߣΪǲʧġ
ףú˵ôҪλڣܸܲһЩ·
رż򣬱ȫ鼦Ƥ񶼵һء
գԺ
ò˵Ժݻĳ̶ѾԶԶĳķΧ
ѧԺʳóԵģܼѾĺˣʳõĳԾĸĲƷ
ʲôרҵķ̬ȣڿǣԵĶҪԸ㣡
ѧԺڶ죬б۵뷨
λǵĲȫˣǺԺλ͵ġ
˵䣬СָָԶϵһȺӸ磬ǴĽһ±˲֪ǼǮ
˻ȥ
仰˾ڤҹһ˵ģǿɲ¶¶ͽĳǼ͵ķˡ
ͻȥ˷ˣ⼸ͦģ
ûдԶļӸ磬в˺͹Ӹ֮ûпɱԡ

1649 Ŀɶ

1649 Ŀɶ
ζɿڵķˣĺ¶¶۾ŹâСĺó԰ȫ
ò˵ԺǽڲϣѹɽԺĴڣҺ޿ɱԡ
ԺһֱɽԺ֮£ĪԨԺҲʮƵġ
ڽ̻Ի͵ѧԺ˿ϲúܣһֱסҲûġ
극˻صԼԺУԶԶأ㿴үںĪԨԺʲôһԭǹھƵ顣
ͷ鶼ѾȥôãҵҲˣ㲻ÿһμӱԾʦһɣ
ĪԨŹִүӣⶼõʱˣУΪƱ½ĸӶˣǣҲЩһͷӡ
ûҲпͰɣ
ͷôô飡
ĪԨүûп˵ĺ޲Լе鱾ݺݵشүӡ
˭ϣѾˣΨгǰһֱڹȥĻԼҲһִв
ңҲΪ鳹׵׵Ķ˺쳾룬úõŮ޳ΪãѵЩͷô
ȥɣ׼һϷҪԺǼжô߳ı죡
㡭ˣԼôôɣϷϹģ
һӣĪԨת뿪СԺߵſڵʱ͵Ľĵˡ
ǻȥȰȰͷôۡ
£ĪԨʧǰֻʣ߸㿴ҿ㣬Ŀүӵϡ
ʦҾĪԨԺ˵ҲеģϾȥôãҾʦҲΪᡣ
¶¶ǵү޷߳Լִϳʲô⡣
үӿһˣŵ˫ֻظ¶¶Դǳ谮ԼСŮһ
ʵϷѾԭ˾ʦã
ү̾һ˵ԼѾԭ˾ʦãˣԼڶɽٵʱᱻħܣǽľ硣
ǸղĪԨǰʱô˵мʱΪɶһı顣
ɽҲԺһɫŮӣʲôʲô欿ˣֻҪõŮͣɽУǣɽԺҲǾʦֵ̫ʱĿһֱүӵϡ
ҲΪ˵еΰɣү˵ԭ˾ʦ̫ΪΣ
ΪԼҲ֪Ϊʦ̶飬Ӧ뿪Ҳᵼ½Ҵӵ
ɣԭ˾ƣһƾͻԼȥ޶
ˣȥϤϤһ»ˣʱΪصë
үӽһݱĵͼ˽ĵˣߴʱúõȥϤһ±ҪȻʲôɾͶˣϾ߸˴ĶɽԺ档
ɲɽԺΪ˿еС
һѧԺ֮ıûʲô֣Ҳϰ˸ԺУʮһεıɴͽбļ򵥡
ڱУһΪڡ
ĵڵǱһڵڵء
ϾѧУμӱѧԺж಻ʤһΪԼԺУ⡣
ңү˵ʤĵһǰǳյʱ䣬һҪõһȡȥǳĻᡣ
أѾΧС̷ϾһģӴıѧԺҲȻ಻ʤԲ½ĿͣҲв½֡
ʮһεıǸѡͽܵʵʣҲ˵ڱ̭ҲܻᱻĳһֿʲôԵҲ˵׼
һʱ䣬߸˶й䣬۲˱֮ľ󲿷ʱ䣬ڸСһԼ
ĺ¶¶֣һЦжôҸ
ڤҹ˾˳ĸαһˡ
Ȼ֪Ů˹һ鷳飬ǣû뵽Ȼ˿ֲĻ档
¶¶Ѿͷûʲôеʣһʱ䣬Ӷߵ֣ߵ˱ûкۣͽƺ˼ѪһܵĲˡ
۵ĺһֲɥʧ˵ϣŮӶû˵ɶȻ䡣
ˣڤҹ˾ʱʱĸĺ¶¶
ڤҹ֪ĵϲã˾һ۵ֵĵֻҪ¶¶ϲĶ͵͵Сϡ
ǣүǣ
˾ļϣˣʵڵ߲ˣ
Ҳϣ˸ɴһ·̯һݱۣ˵ʲôҲˡ
ȥ֣Ǿͺˣ
һˣʲô˲˵ϣǲҪˣƨ
ھϢһŴ
¶¶ҿһɫȹʮ䣬ȥɺã
ǲȥˣ
һ죬¶¶ڻ˾ǮԲƽ޹ʵĻ˼ҵǮһỹģ
ģɫȹΪ㣬߰ɣ
˾֪¶¶룬һĨЦ⸡ţ¶¶ǮĸԸģԽǽӴ¶¶Խﻶϲ
˾¶¶֣˾ôʧС
ֹҲˡ
¶¶Ǵһǧô
һʱ棬˾˸ָĽ¶¶ʲô·εȵȵȵȣֻҪ¶¶۵ģ˾˵
Ҫ˵˾ռǮء
ˣ˰ɣΪ㣡
ҲҹһˣϢϢ
ż⣬زڤҹϵĺˮǾٶޱȣɫ£˿ŮԳ㡣
۵һһһ׬
٩ŰԼڵˣһ첻ҪֵܹۣҪֹûҲˡ
ǾɽԺģ
ڴʱһڼ˶߻
Ѱȥһ˳ڼȺ߲ơ
ǣ̨֪Ǻη̨֪ںźɡ
˸Ƿߵݡ
İԺԬơ
ϿԺ񡣡
ԶԺгǡ
˷׷ױԼ֣ʲôԺ
ԸλĿʲô
ĳۣյĿˣҲܵô
ʵǽ룬ЩĿֻǵĽԼڱʱһɽԺΪ˳Ϊ졣
һģǿԵģԼţXģ
ƽĻһúôȤһ
ǿһ֣ʵûʲôȺ˴ȥˡ
Ҫûɶ¸λͻذɣǳ۶顣
ôһȺĶǰ͸òãǸϽ߰ɣжԶ߶Զ

1650 

1650 
˵Ҳġ
Ϊĳ۵˾¶¶
˭뵽һһ׷˵ɽԺҪԺϻõһĻ
е£
۳Զ˵ԵʣǱǰȺ˸ĵġ
ڰ˾¶¶۷ԺԺ䣬κΣһβˣʮױһߣ˱˵ʲôʲôʲôģ
Ϊҹ˵һĻһη˴ǰһ컹ǰĵСԺд齫ȽϺá
ǣԷҪȥʳò͡
һӲˣɽ亣ζͳˣ¶¶ͽϲС㣬Ϊˣڤҹȥͳӡֽ̡һգ˫ֲسӽ䷽дڤҹ
˾һڤҹķʽ㽫Уһ÷ӡ
ʲôſ
ʱԶλϻһŮŮӵǷŭץסŮ˫ֲŵȴ˷쳣
װʲô˭˶֪ɽԺһɫŮӣûиүǣ͸˱ӣӱ֤ģ
£ǹӱڳһֻҪɽԺŮѧԱ
ſ컯֮µϷŮӣ̫޳ˣ
ǴӽӴģǽ¶¶˶û˵˹ˣ
ͦүǣҪҪ
ϤĺܣһɫӰӳǰĻŲһߵɽԺѧԺ֮䡣
ʲôְ
üͷĿһ£ʼ磬ʾԼҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻֱ˵ˡ
ôӡ
ѾĲǺӣ۾Ǵõôǿޡ
ĻɽѧԺŮѧԱļϣСצָˣŶԷ۾ϹƷ֡
һڴ֮ͥôȻŹĻڳֱҪץסĻˤκĻǻõ󣬶һԼһŪ˲½ĵһħޡ
֪СһﶨȻ񼸸˿һֻ͵ˣֻ
Ȼ˵쵽ĻǰʱĻצˢһչһ֣㽫ֱˢˢĻϡ
գ֮䣬Сصұ۵ڵϣѪ˲ӿ
СӣҲȥүҵ֣ǰǲˣ
ĻɲܶԷʲôʲôݣǾԲС۸ŮӣԲᡣ
ιתˣǵ˴ˣǰôûźάһˣİˡ
ٱҲһԭ
Ķ֪ĻΪλɽԺǸŮѧ
˱Ļһץڸɵ˰ֱۣʳãҽʦܿľ͸˹ԱϵѪ˸ɾһоǴûһ㡣
л
ɽԺŮѧԱмĻȣĻŮѧԱļСצӱһĿŮѧԱ֮Ŵҡڵߵߡ
Сһ㲻ϲǸŮô
Ϲ˵ɶأϲҲҪϲĸô˽ѪĶӲŲϲء
ڲϵĻһ߳ʳһ߸˵ΪλɽѧԺŮѧԱɡ
ҲˣĻ֮ԳΪǸɽѧԺŮѧԱ붾ŵŮò̫ƣĻ֪ǰŮ˲˵תɾǼ۸
أǶ񻹻ŵĻҲͬ
û뵽Сһﻹͦɡ
ߣҪҪҲҲ㡣
Ļһ룬һһֻҪעͣҲϲĻˡ
ʳ÷ܿ촫ѧԺÿ䣬ӵԺԺĶӣԼ޶ʳҲǼɫҪᱡɽԺŮѧԱû뵽һֻɷˡ
ʱԺԺţɽԺԺ䡣
ԺԺТԼֱ۶˰صĶԨǰ룬ģ£˾˷׷ǰ
ɣԺԺТĶӱұۣʱɽԺĿĳ˱ʲô
ǣТȴȫȫĳ˵֮С
λҶӲ£λ鷳ˣϴ
žһТһƴԨϣͶұ۵Ԩڵϣ̬ʮֲԸϴ
ҴˣҲ޳ܵλԭҡ
ү΢΢üͷһ룬Ц⸡ϣǰڵϵԨ
Сֶ֮ѣôأҵӵĳȣӦⲻǲŶԣ
˵ЦˣҶ˵ȲܵоĽԼĹֻϣλСѲҪ֣ԭȮһأ
ТһӣĽǮƳʮװŵĶǲûаҲʮ֮ࡣ
һЩƷϣλ£ܰģ
үӿһʮӣҲӻóһöҩ
ⵤҩһЧãҲùӵ˿ڶѵ˿ڻָ߰˰ˡ
лүӣӣл
ТһԨϣȫԨǷˡ
һŹڵϣԨһ˵ŸмĻźТ뿪Ժ䣬ʧǰ
û뵽Ԩ粻ܵ˾ȻĵʵɽԺԣТôأ
ԺݵĴ뿪˵İ˫˵һ仰
Тˣ򵥣
ԣԼˣȴŶӸֳ̬˲κβף
ǾТ˺Σգ̵ĵزǳ֮١
˵ɶҵǾТûɶӰ㿴ǴŶǸôõһ
벻̫ףΪʲôĺ¶Тթ
Ŀһ룬ε̾һ
һ鶼ǰ׿ˣʦТ˽٣ҵ°ӣ
׻˵̹С˳ݣСǲ£ǵĵαӡ
˱ͺǱȴҪĴڣǰǲ֪Тһˣ֪ˣбҪ˽һ¶ԷϢʱʱ̿ţԷֹТһ
Т˲򵥰
үǿŰڷԺеһڿӣɵð˫
ԭɽԺеĿ꣬һһ˱ģԨ⵵飬Ϊ֮ⷢ飬պҪСĲǡ
ڵڴı֮ա
ΧĹϯؾ;ۼ԰Ŀͣһ쳤˲ӵȴŵһʼ
һĹܼ򵥣ÿһѧԱɳһˣʮΪһлսһӵʱ䣬ֻҪվȦ˱ʤߣԻӦķ
ʮΪһĻսһıҲһ죬ϾСʮ˵ĲԱ˵˵ѡ
ԭսһر롣
ʺֱվضȦ棬ֻҪһӵʱվ󣬱ԽһӦķ

1651 Ȩʿ

1651 Ȩʿ
һʮΪһ飬һͬʱʮһб
ɽԺԭеһγԵ쳣˷ܣŵǲţվǰľŸˣԲͬѧԺľӢĿе˷֮Ũҡ
ʼ
Ųһ£һʽʼ
壬ǿҲò˽ȽƳȦ⣬֤Լ档
ɾˣ˽ߣĶ֣֮Լ˽ȥһƵȦ档
ǼûԱ˻ҳȦǺǺǣҲʲôУ
ڳˣѹûȺҪĶȻ˵ûʲôԣ޳ܵо˲ܵġ
գһӵʱĻ˵ʮıʤһ֡
һڹ򣬻Ҳһڹ
Ҫ뵽ľҪӮĳʤҲҪһĻַɣ㵥ʵǿԼĶ˺ȣԵձ
һҪʱ䣬м仹һοյڣܽеڶ
ЧĽκͼ֣һҲڱȥĵıһʳãһӰԵСˡ
ڼ˳ŷʱүӱֳ֣һҲʼ
үӣһ糿û㣬ȥˣѲȥĻˣ
ĻƨΪʦմ¶ҪȻ۵ĺ͹һô
үӲ˵˻ûע⵽үӵЩס
ʦǸʲôȥˣôˡ
СӣŲΪʦܵٳһˡ
үӰһ룬һӲˣðγԱ֮ſ˵
㣬ǼһԺӣ˭Ҳȥһˣ
үָ룬¶¶º˾ˣ֪صСԺ˭ҲȥһҪס顣
ڽĺڤҹڸһˡ
ʲô飿
ǲ⣬Ǵδͷ飬ҲֻȰүӵĻȥȵһж֮һʵ׷ʲô顣
ĺڤҹ˸ү·һһĹԺһСɽ
ǣڹСɽ֮ȴǶ˸үһƬ֮С
һ˲䣬ǵصħХŨϢ
Ϣڤ
ܰ
ڤĻôܳ䣬ħҪڤǿĶöࡣ
˵ǿʲô̶ȡ
׷ʱ˿̵Ѿħ׷ӣû뵽ǿħȻͬħһ塣
үһǳǳĽɫâ赲ǿħϮڿı˰׷֮Ҳûйľȡ
үӣʲôط
Ϸߣڻǻشʱ򡣡
үӼǰ˸үһСɽ֮УСɽ֮һͤͤУĪԨصȺУĺڤҹɵüͷ
ͷ˵ҵİֲ˰ɣ
ĪԨڿĺڤҹͤһ̺Ǿȣ˵İ׷ɻԾؾ档
ôܣڵΪǾ֮УΪλǿħǹļ̳Ҳܡ
ڤҹħûκεųûͺڰϱħ޵ԭпԭΪˣ
ĪԨ벻ףοԨӡɶʲôá
԰Ϸİ֡
үӵȻĻشĪԨ⣬˿ܱȷŻҪŨҵħתĿڤҹϡ
е¶ûа취ֹħɢ߽ӡ
үӣ˰һЩʲôĻҪǰҶ˵ɣ
Ƿӡ岻ģ˭֪ʲô
㻹û˵ԭʹˣͷ㵨Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ĪԨүӵѾþˣǲΪԼѧԺѧǸĶţXĴڡ
ѽҪ˵Ϸ㶼ˣ
үԼʲôû˵أ
ģһڤԨķӡɶˣԶħϵй¶ϷȻѾʱ÷ӡأûҵһݵķӣⲻˣ
û
ϵ˼ĶЩЩͷˡ
ʲôڤԨķӡɶˣԶħй¶Ȼˣ
˵ɣ
ĪԨүӽͲ壬֯ڤҹ˵Źħ顣
ЩħڤԨԨ֮вӶħһԶħӻл֮
һеħ֮ȫкôᲨǽ磬ǽһˣǽԼǵ綼ữ
ôǶ𣿡
ǽдڴССǧټķӡԺԺеӡ֮⣬һӡǰʱй¶ˣħϮǵǼ飬ҲΪ·ӡˡ
ͷӦú˵ʮ֮ǰзңһΪӡûеõʱľԮԲŻ˹룡
ĪԨ߽ڤҹһпʵҲүӿ˵ҡ
ʮǰҴ˷ӡħ©ڲμӱԱ˵ˡ
һʼϷû˵ΪûҪֻţڿ˳ǲעǱ˷ӡ
Ǿ仰ʱĽ·ӡСɽͤ˷ӡ֮УŲڷĺ
ǣӡάֵʱϾ޶ȵģħǿһЩҪʩзӡռҪһ׵׷ӡİ취
˲ûڵһʩзӡҪ
һ߸ݼ٣үίм˸ȥУµҲǹڷӡ֮ʱүӺĪԨ˭û뵽龹Ȼ죬쵽ԶԶǵΧ
ⲻڤҹⷽȨʿ
Ȩʿ
ĪԨǲүӣСһܽһеô
Ȼ⺢ӲǺڰļ̳ߣҲϹħ񰡣⺢Ӳǹļ̳ߣǷĺͽİݵŮء
ɶ⣬ĺͽİݵŮֲֲϷܾʲôط
ǰ׷ʱǾϤȻûļģҲԶԶĿ뺷Ůӡ
û뵽ľȻ˵Ů
ĪԨĺͽİֵʱ͸¶Ц;ǶȤζ
׺͵Ǵô
ûУ׺͵ԯҵսϷ൱ĸȤ
ĪԨ嶼ԯһԸͷΪǽԯһԵԭ򣬵ͻȻֵˣԯһ˴

1652 Բ֪

1652 Բ֪
ԯһ磬νǰԵ֮ʡ
ҲԭԯһԶһ壬ǿû˵
Եʴս֮УռҪһϯ֮أҲΪˣԯһǽŻ˴Ȩʹڶη
ɽأԯһŰ裬ѹ壬ˣʹ˸Ӳпֶкͬ塣
˵ԯһܰѾǵ֮ˡ
һ֮ɱԯĸ֣ҵǽһȰ
үӣʸ
ϣʵ˵үӻĪԨǰ˵Ϊˣյ˵Ӧ˼ɵԯһ尡
ɶ⣿
СôǺƷǳԯһأ
Ŀо¶֣үӺĪԨεҡҡͷ
µڣһΪʦĪԨʦ嶼иԵۣ򲻵ѵʱ򣬲ĿԼĻҵԯһȺ˻
ĵڶҵʦҲԯһĳϣʱյԯʦκָ㣬Ҳнյĳɾ͡
⻹ֻ֮һԭУΪҪԭǰһ˴鷳գԯʦΪ˾ѳȻҲڷǹؼʱԯһ֡
үεʼ磬ҪǺĹϵǣԯһԽܵ飬ͻȵкңҲͲҪԹˡ
ңүӺĪԨٴϢ̾һ
ϧһˣͬΪԶһ壬ıԯһƭø
Ǻô
Ҫ˵ʲôȴүӸˡ
ү֪ǳ֮ҵǳ֮òҪ˵ĪԨҲҪܡ
ˣӡɣ¶ͽڤҹˣͷӾͿһˣ
˵ţүĪԨվһԣĿһүӣ㳶˳ڤҹ䡣
˷ģֻмӡѡ
ڤҹǰ˫иֳһĨڵΧŵĺŨүӺĪԨȻǸоõǹǿ
Ҷˡ
ڤҹ˵һӡǶôɬӵķӡֻҪ½˴ķӡ޲ɡ
ˣ߰ɣΪϲԵˮ
ܲʹ͸ȣ
գŷһı鿴ڤҹ
ÿڤҹ˵仰ʱ򣬾ʳʱ
ˣ⼸ѧԺԵ̫ˣǲעĻθҪˣΪۡ
ðɺðɣľ
£ڤҹʧںҹ֮УʱĺҲȥȲʱʱͻȫɢ
ʲôƷֵħ
ĪԨûôǿħһսеħеһƴй֮޲
Ǹ˵ôڰ̳ߵϹħƨõô
үӰһĪԨתͷűӡͤ
˵Ѿ·ӡˣɲ֪Ϊʲôһֲõĸо
һ൱õĸоܾҪʲô¶һ㡣
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ԺԺУΧӴ齫ĺڤҹͻˣһ˵ŽТֹ졣
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УǵʱȥҼ
û⣡
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ڶ²μӣµһҲġ
գڶ
ģڤҹ룬¶¶˾ڹϯϣҲ֪ĺдɽԺԭҰ˭
ܸ硭ǲ̫Ұˣ͵ãҪȻΪʸ֮ľͲˣ
ɶǿɽԺԭҰģɽԺԺĹŵӣ¶үӿأ
ʾһжõģһָɣ
£ͣѾģ
һɤӺ˳罪˵һһ˲䣬˵Ŀ׷Ͷ£ֻҪһ£˵ĲߵһĿȰ¸Ū
硭Ǹޣ³֮һᶾģ
ѽе㣡
ԴٺٵЦţ漴һԡ
ȺЧѾܵһǴܣѰؾеı±Ȼһ򣬾ǲҲȫˡ
ǰؼɳѰұأһɫıؼһ֣һɫıؼ֣һɫıؼ֣һɫıؼʮ֣ڼ䲻໥׵ȡΥ棬жʧЧ
ű򣬼˿˿Էõڶ¶¶μӺˡ
ϾֱĹʮֲȷأ˭Ҳұ֤ڱʼǰһ룬᲻ı䣬Բû¶¶μӱû뵽
˰ˣҲã
˵˻ûмôԻıȫѰô
ǣؾɳеı߿ɲôΪ
ÿÿһغӵʱ򣬱һֻǿħʥ޵ȵȵΣգǴù˵ߺӻû֣Ǵ򲻹Ļӻѣ߶пܱɱ
ʱؾ֮еһеɳĮЫӡ
ɳĮЫӵβʹо綾֮ɢɭɭĹâ
Ļվµļϣ˿ɳĮЫֿ˿¡
ЫӶ߶
Բ֪ˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣǰԼٶȳɳĮЫǰ
һɳĮЫӵʱ֮ززˣƫƫ˵ķ֮ڡ
ɳĮЫһǰ³ӳҲζŵβ׼̹ȥɾβ˦ȥһ˲䣬ɳĮЫӺˣĶһأתҪܣ
ôʲô⣬أ
һզôãץסβһڣԴԴϵʳβϵĶҺ
Ȼ
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ĻĿ£Ȼˡ
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Ѳˣ
ܰһֻЫӰôỳУ
֮УɳĮЫӻûüôһ¶һ˹ȥ
ˣҲôô
´һӣЫβȡΪҵĶҺСƿڣĵ˵ͷ
ϣɳĮЫӣԲ

1653 

1653 
˵µľֶЫӣ֮ڶЫβĶ𴿶ȱȽϸߵĶҺ
ڳпЫӹȻ£ҺǱһڣǺ᲻롣
Ǿ仰±壬ټ˶飬ЫӵĶض˵ֱƷҩ
ңҩ֮ԷΪҩ;ҩݣ󲿷ֵԭˡ
ֻҪҩöˣǱɵҩô˼Ǳɱ˵Ķҩ
½ЫβĶȫȡ֮󣬴˱䣬֮һöɫСӳǰ
һɫĺһ֣
ˣһȻ٣ܱûкá
ɫĵĺӽ˽ָ֮У¼ʼѰ֮·
ɳĮĳΧͬʱ˵ĲԱһôӴ֮¸ָĺӣǵ֮װŵĸħ޵ȵȡ
ȻɲħһЩƷ֣ˮͳԵģĳЩ˵Ķ硣
˭˭ôȱ°Ȼںʺ
ЩùĲڵ֮װŵһ裬֪һαԱжôĶȤζ
ڣûڵôĶ
ĸ֮Уֻֻޣ˿ʼɳĮЫ֮⣬ڶֻȫûκεļֵ
ڴ򿪵ӵʱϲ鷢ˣһʮҵĺɫ߳С
ȻǰһɫҲ壬ϵߺµбϵĲ
µԶ壬׷ݵŮʱǰĺɫ߾Ϊħޣ֮ر¿ɱȺߵƷҪ߹̫ˡ
ɫĶ߲ϵӣһ˫īɫ۾վǰֿ࣬һˡ
ݵһӣʮ׶೤ĺɫȻӴ󣬵Ƕʮֵ䣬ʯ֮㳯·Ǳһҧ³ޱȣͷʣˡ
ںɫĶ߼嵽ǰ©һ˲䣬ԭȥȴȻȻֹһȥʲôΣյĶһ
ʲôܣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһǰ׷źɫߣһһ֮ѾȫʼĲߺ״̬˵һ׷ɱ
Ȼ׷ɱɫߡ
һ·ϣɫûţղĲһΧ˵ߣһ޷ݵĿֲϢһסĶ
ˣʲôĴڣôҪ
ں߶ΪԼܰȫʱһץס˶ߵβ͡
ʮ׳ĶȫûκмܵȫƺʲôһֻĿ³ǰ
ȻƷֵĶߡ
ʲôƷ֣һɫĶô
վ¼ϵĻҿһͨɻǿǰĶʲô˵õطһɫôɶÿģ
֪ˣֶɳĮ֮УǿŲʳĶﳤģбרżֶߣû뵽ˡ
ɫҲǵѪùˣΪԼܱһ٣û뵽ȴУһһʱ޸֮ˡ
У˵ɶɱϽвй涨ʱƵģүɲֿȵɳĮ˷ʱ䡣
Ļ¸Ͻжʱ䡣
һй涨ʱơ
̫ôˣˬĵ
֪ˣֶ߿ڵģڵʲôط
µģţ
Ļµļ߸λãСצһӶ㿴ߵĸƿ
ڵȥζ
߸ζѬüֱҪˣĻϽҳڵӸ£Ҵߴȡ˶֮ϽߣһӶȥˡ
ڣȡ˶֮ºĻɫĺӺ뿪ֻʣһϢĺɫߡ
ؽ֮УºĻһһԼҪĶڽ֮⣬ȴЩԱߵһȺ˸
ܼ򵥣ǶԷ˿¶¶ǰԼ¶¶Լδ޵ȵ֮Ļ
Ҫ֪¶¶˾еİ¹⣬Ȼ˵ⷬıƢԼܵ۸
Ǻ˾˶ԷʮˣǼ˿ûơ
ǽڤҹһԿϷ
û¶˴һܰˣѪյ͡
İ¶¶Ц׼ˣվļҲûдɣүӳýĺڤҹȥ԰һˣʣţǧҪǡ
ԷһүӳˣҲͰֲھȥѧԺסˡ
Žʧеүӵˣε̯˫֡
򲻳ɼˡ
ɶǣڱԭص㱣ô
û˼ܴ򣬼ֻðĵϵȴ´ӽг
Ȼοеʱ棬Ͻ˾ʵ赸ݣ˵˼ѹͲЩϡ
˵һܲܶԸˣһ˵һгʲôǶӦԲ˵Ȼ
벻ⵣĵ˵Լеǵ⡣
ڼ֮УµΪߵģҿһûԹƷһʲôѸզ찡
õģһ˾˵·ȫġ
Ϊɶ
벻⣬ʲôǼһﵼʦȫģȫɶСһͺ۸
ĻѡһܰԼô
룬Ȼûоͨ飬һҲµĶ֡
ţһһ˱ֶΣӦԲ顣
˵ڶ뵣ˣǲ²һµᷢʲôɡ
ʱ֮Уٵ˵ĳ档
һֻԣһͷʮ׳ҪʮħڻĿ¡
ȵҲħ޵ֵ
ϢþûгԹ˵ˡ
ǡ
վ¼ϵĻϸϸĿǰ꣬˭ôɳĮôֶ
ߵУ˵ǰʮ׶ĶǰһСС򾡣
Ǿ仰ɳĮô꣡
ô
ŵǰȻµԼ̬
ҲãطǷ顣
ʱΧһɫɫϵʱµɫ԰׵˼¡
ĪɣҪοôꡣ
Ȼأǰˣˣ
°һĻʾ
ĻƲƲ죬¼һɳӡ
ߣĹεĶ
˵Ļ²²֪ô϶С۾Ƕֻ꣬ҪκΣĻԻⶼʧϡ
һ²ٿɫסʱԭﾹȻɫʴһѪ豬ѿ

1654 

1654 
ǰϤһĻĻЩסˡ
һУôǸħƣֻڤҹħǲٿŶ
ûĻǰһʹõһԶеΪһҲܵڤҹ϶ط
ȻˣڵΪˣѾĵ˴
Ժò˵˳ֵĻһ궼ɱ¡
磬ɱҲô淨
ĻҲ֧̫أеɳߡ
Ѿˣʴ
о綾Ļ¿ԴĶȡάģǸͷ󣬲ûκεĶԡ
һһ
һʹѾˣ˵һ仰ҲǶ϶ɾӡ
֪ԼǸʲôΪƫƫǿҪжĵԪ㣬͹ˣ
Ļһצ£嶯СצһӣµϣԷֹ̫۾
ɳĮϢһʱʱ䣬ټĻƴҩŻع
ȥҾͱҭˣ
ҭܱľʣܶ˾үɲɳĮжһˣ
ʮĻվ˫תȥŽʧеСӰεЦˡ
Сͦԡ
ȵңһʲôӥô죡
Ͳ˵ô˵ˣһѣҪӥҲӲˣ
Ļѻ죬Ѿǵķˣټϸղŵ飬ʱ˿һطһᡣ
ǣûһһϼףһصڶ˶ߡ
ɶˣ
֪ӥ
̧ͷ˿еķ񣬲ɵ³һòӥҲòȥ
Ļڵ밿еӥ
ôӵаҿͷԳɾˣ
ĻµĿɾˣ໵һɤӴɳ֮УȻ̵Ҫܱȱߺðɣ
Ļӣ¹Ц
ûһһ󣬷ǳϷȥ
ĻԶˣ
Զô
ȷ֮£ĻŴɳðͷ
պգµľ⣬üǧ֮ǰûٺɼܣ
ǧǰ飬ʱж߰ǴܻʲôһٴʲôҲ£
ڲˣ⺢ӻСֻбķݶˡ
˵׶λ鷳ͱ鷳ѡ
Ϸôðˣ
ʱϷгһһŰɫƬ֮УʲôڲһһһɵԴԴϵıŷţܸоõĿֲ֮
ȥ
Ļ˾ȫ˸ղ顣
°˫Ȼ֪ΪʲôֱһҪȥ
Լʱʱ䣬ɳĮбϣºĻһһԼһȺɴܡ
ⶼʲôɶ
ǰȺħЩʲôĸͲģȫëëô
ǰаŵǵޣɳзħޣҵĳУһȺħ׷һŰɫӡ
ҵ죡
Ļɴ˫ۿǿŰɫӣȻǴе
Ȼ񣡡
񣿣ʲô
²δҲ޵塣
ֶǴ˵веǿڣȻ˻Զ˵û˿ôǶ͵ħ˵Ǽֱҩ
Ļ˵Ź飬طĺô
ִ˵еǿڣ˵ˣʮûһš
γҪ侫Ĵڣʱ˺ͶҪȱһɣҪǣĵطһٲݵĴڡ
Ҹ˵һȥȥܲ鿴һûһɢŵɫâĲݣɼǵöռٲݡ
ٲݣ
ٲĸֵʱסˣĻȷ˴֮Уһһ۾⡣
ʱ֮⣬ڤҹ˸үӵԺԺ칫ҡ
ĪԨʾ裬Ժĳǲ⣬Ƕڶǰ
СȥɣԺ飡
ǣʦ
СԭʣԺĴϣҲ½ǰĿ֡
ʧһ˲䣬ĪԨԭα¶һԾүǰһץסүӵӣһ豭Ҫȥ
ϲģǺ˵ô鲻Ҫ֣
үҲʾĪԨĲӣ޲ð϶ж˿顣
ȱ´ð̵ģ֪ӽ֮УϷĵӻڽڣʲôʧĻϷһѧԺ
үеŭһ·ӿϣĪԨĲӸ
ĪԨҲãץסүӵӽž
˵λүӣɶ¶˵ôôҪû¶ĻǾˣ
˵ţڤҹҪߣڶ˼һ˲䣬үӺĪԨȴץס˶ˡ
߰¶Ȼ¶ˣ
үӺٺٵЦţʾ⽪ıôżɶ¶˵
ɶ¶
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣеЦ⿴үĵ׷š
ˣһϷݸǿģĿӦñǶ˿˵ʲôɡ
ʵɣҲأǰɣô˵
ĪԨҶգµĽ֪ڤҹ
ʵɣֶӦñ˵ģǵΪҺʦ¶͵ˣԾͰˡ
ʵϣΪսԭĪԨүڴݻ񣬱ĪԨ˭Ҳû뵽ϲľȻ֮С
ԭⲢûʲôǰɡ
ʲô
ϷѰҵ񣬲ˣϢѧԺǻ˵ħʥ񣡡
ԣϣɽĺڤҹ֪һͿ˶֪Ĵڣҽӡڱ𴦡
ʮǿĴڣȻûκãһħʥ޵ȵȵ񣬱ӵʱᷢʲô˱㲻ɲˡ
˵ΪԷһнûȽϺá
Ϊʲô
ΪǶǿ󰡣
ĪԨ۾⣬ֻӦ飬۸ٲ
ǰڤҹǾʹӦɣĪԨͷǺǮģ˵ˣΪʦҲָеħҲ˰ɣ

1655 ۣ

1655 ۣ
үһİʾŽģҲĵĿġ
仰Ĳɵüͷ
ǵ͹үӵΪ
ǳɣȻĪԨԺˣΪ²ҲӲܣһڼۣ
֣ĪԨһĿһ
ôôôǧ
࡫
ſˮĪԨϢ˺һ֮ſڡ
УǧǧһҪû
᲻úײǣԲ˵õЩħˣ򲻽ѧԺ˵½ǽ˵һв
ǧ򣬾ǧ
̸˼ǮүӴŽĺڤҹһڣ׼֮С
Ѿͷ㹻ݵģһھǧ򣡡
ʵֻҪѣû뵽ĪԨԺôǮ
罪˵һļһʼһϾԷԺԺԷ屶û뵽ĪԨ˼ֱ屶Ļʮ
ȻǮҪǲյĻ̫ʧˡ
ɵƯ
һĪԨ˸ͷүĴָŽġ
ȥ֮󣬽־ͷָУ˵ڤҹˣ֪ô
ģҶ
һOKƣڤҹ̤֮С
ǰһƬޱ޼ʵɸȥɶ˳ֵĵطĵطԶ
Ӧþˡ
ָŲԶֻ֮ʮ֮ţһǷݣɳε½ŵһۼ
ý𾪵һһӰ
ɣºĻôҲڣ
Ⱥս֮УûڱԵƺʲôĻ۾ֻҪκοյȥ̵
˵ʱʱ죬ĻһԾ׼񣬿Ⱥħʥô˵Ҳ˼ʮǿߣһֱռȻ
һչ˹ƣһȷ
̵ģɫƣ㻹浱үֽ𣡡
Ļ˷Сצӣһצĳϡ
Ҫ֪ĻצӼǱץˣϾͱˣ
Ļץ˳򣬴Ӱн䣬һԵħ޼˻ᣬǳǰҪ
ۿĻõ񣬴ʱɳ֮дܳһͷӴ棬ſҪĻɡ
Ļ
¼״ѰٲݣҪĻ
ɵ⣬
ϾҪеĻҪֹ£ΪʱµӰѾǰ
˵ǲɵǲɵ
Ļû뵽ܲԼڶʲôˣǱˣ
ڴʱһâ֣ƹĻ£ֱĴĿйᴩȥ
ֻһǱѵһըĵǡ
ºĻһһҲ˵þȡ
ģڤҹ
ΪԼ˻þĿųǰĽĺڤҹˣô
һ˵
һԽԽħްΧţۿžҪûС
ۼֿץסӽ˽ָУϢĹ򣬽ָһһҫ۵ĹâǿӿһȺ
ʲô
ĻҲǿѹѪϵѹƣǱ±ڻУȺħʥһڵ޷
ڹâŵµһ̣βС׳ǰ
Ѿȫɱ˵Сҡžβͣһ˫Ӻɫ˳ɫ۾ǰһ塣
Ҳ
Сβһɨǿ˲Ʒ˸ħʥޣԭצ׺ޱȵȺǴʱ˿̶սսպյĹڵϲһ֡
ɱСѾʮ׵ߣϰɫëɢʥĹâüĵһĨɫӡǷ·ݣβڰлζţޱȡ
ʱС׻عצƺСʱһ󱧱ٸ߸ߣɴʱѾˡ
ˣС
Сһ˲ɱ䣬һ̳ǿԺòŵ˵ڵСһצɵĸɵһؾ۷ǿߡ
Сˣ
ٺ٣
ĿţС׻ʾ⽪վԼͷϣݵʱ˿̳ΪβߣҲԶ˵Сס
վС׵ͷڤҹڰ֮Уһ˿ɳŲҶһħޣ£ǰּµĶԱȡôأ
ˬ
ٲݡ
¿ɢɫâٲݣһԾժȡ
㣬ûĻˣ
ףԼĻСǽľģٲȻҲҪĲǡ
Ҫٲûðűǣ
ЦţҴӽָзһᣬֽҩһ¡
֪Ҫٲݣкöأ
ԭٲݰڴĵʱժ˲١

üסٲݳǰµıжôšˣ
ٲݿʮ궼ѵһĶһֻڵĵطǾƷĵرĵطŻٲݣüٲһ֣ͲҪǮһ

ˣʱҲ쵽ˣҺڤҹ뿪ˣԼСһ㣡
һνĿѾﵽˣʱҲˣ˷֣ԭڶɼ
ţ
С׻ص˽ָУĺڤҹҲ뿪硣
Ϊ֮ǰС׵壬һħʥǲٶʲôٶֻܹһһ뿪
ڶ˳õ˸߷֣ԭҲɹĽ
һߣڤҹүֻصĪԨİ칫ҡ
զõˣ
õõˣҼڤҹһСĸˣ
ε̹׿֣֪Ѿˣɳ֮УҪҵѾǲܵˡ
ʲô񣡡
ĽĪԨѹͲţֲɵӣöӲޱȣͷ޷Ķᱻڤҹ飬Цذɣ
԰üֻħ޶ҿżڤҹȥȻһСģһˣ
ıʾҲ޹Ҳûʵȴˡ
ôܣ
ôܣ
үӿĪԨ֪ڤҹݿɲһ㣬û飬ڤҹ
ɣ񰡣
ڻɱΪ
һ˲䣬ǵصħڤҹԴԴϱŷţǿޱȣϢĵز
ĪԨ뵽ڤҹ˵ŭŭ˿үӣջүӵȰ˵£ȻȰ˵֮£ڤҹŴŭ⡣
ǮɣҲˣûд񣬾ǧˣ
ҲһͰշѾͺˡ
ۡǧ

1656 Ķ

1656 Ķ
ĪԨۻҪǧʱлʮ˱ڡ
գĪԨǸ˽ǧļ롣
ҲǮ߸˵뿪
ҹɫԺ
СԺУΪף³ɹҲΪ˱µĸм֮⣬˼տ¯ӷһЩƵĹƣһ߳һߺţսһɡ
ӴأϷڸض
֪ʱүҲ˽ռλá
ʦ㲻
ʦզ㼸ˣ
үϣһִۣտ˼ռš
һ⴮һھƣζ찡
ȾȣҪȻҺĻҪɳĮˣ
˵˵㵨ҲʣȻҺȺ񣡻㣬ǼͲܲǰɣ
ûĻϣĻȻԹȴû˵ʲôϾԼµǽľġ
ţҲ֪ôİѻ˵Тϡ
ȥֵʱТصģ͸û뵽ɽʧˣôҲҲ
ʼնТթʲôֻܰԼе˵˷š
Ҳû¶ϾԺɽԺЩضǲȥϸ˵ǲҪȥ±ȽϺá
˾ϰɣĳҺڤҹ¶¶ҲһЩ
ɣǾôˣ
Ĺ˭Ҳ֪ԣ˵Ŀǰ˵Ϊصһӡ
˾˵ΪѾ˲٣ǵڶ࣬ȶҲԽ
ĳڤҹ¶¶Զ˵ʵԿԱ¶¶ǣǳ־ڱصã
ڵڶ͵֮ҪϢһܵʱ䣬ʱ棬¶¶ֿʼ˹ַж
ϾǮôһ̹
ӣڤҹ˾ڽĺ¶¶еĳ谮֮жôŨˣĳȴһΣѾ۵ú͹һ
˵ΪѵʱԷһ˲䡣
ڵһ̣˷·𿴵һ㡣
ǵһ£
ʱһɫŮߵǰڳԷļһ¡
лλȣûλĻѾˡ
˵ԺѧҲǵǸӡ
û¶֮Ͷѡ
ЦЦۡ
ԺŮѧһ£л
˵ԼӦʱȥŰлΪĳЩԭ͵ˡ
û¶յĲعϣҪлĻ͸һɾͿˣ
ֱӶĻڿŹͷĻһĲˬ
үһɾܽôҲҪɣ
ĻһѧԺŮѧ˫վµԿʼйͷ
ԺŮѧһҲ֪ʲô⣬˵˼лĻŮѧһ뿪ˡ
˵ԺЩŮѧǴͷûĲɷ
ǣǣĽ֮⣬һǵһοôÿŮӡ
¶¶ҲĵͷԺŮѧɫ
ʦ˵Цˣʦÿ
˾һ仰ǰ˶ĵĲҪҪģܱܲô֪˵ĹϵȴǰһЩǿԹ˼һ˵ĸô˰
ΪбΨһ
ĸ˹ˣɱģòô鰡
޲ð۶ĸ˵ԴϣȻеô
ûȨܺôţ
˾ո磬˼ң˼Ҳÿ
¶¶գģ˾ͨͨľţ۵ĳ谮޵ıŷš
һʱ䣬˶ܵĶ⣬һֻĶ⣬һǶĵġ
˵ҪΪ⡣
Ϊ壬˸һ׺ģ˵ǿʣһֲǵĸоǻû濴ȥѾŲˡ
ôһԴɬͷӣ˵ͷѾһЩôôǳˣ˵Ǽʱ򣬸˫ֺʮĳݡ
ô
֣µļϡ
֮ΪģһҲ˾һֵ͵ӣǡ
һƤôԸ񡭡ֱУ
ղѧԺں׽µͷȫȫԹĸϴ·ӡ
ƫƫĳЩ˰ɾ֪ԣҲ֪ԭʱֻ̫֪Ժ˵Ը
ڴҵͣ
صԺСԺѾˣھ˽ڤҹ˾¶¶ĸĴ֮һϺ϶ʮֵƣۣûгֱ˯ˡ
ա
ڶ͵֮ҪϢʱ䣬ʱ֮УѧԺĲ߿ǰȥУȻҲǰ֮ء
أϴڴ顣
ǽģ¶¶Ҳˡ
ĺ¶¶ԼҪȥȪ˵ԺɽµĳһܺõȪһݿղ˵ͨ͸ȫΪ
Ȼ˵ƱЩ󣬵ЧôĻһжֵˡ
Ǻĺ¶¶뿪СԺҾֻˡ
ȴڤҹ÷ʱԺѾʧ
ȻΪ˱ڤҹʲô¶ñѰҽĽԺ׳죬һš
дԼ¶¶ȥԺɽµĳȥȪˣõģ
û¶ģģ
οڤҹ˾ŵ
У¶¶ûΪʲôô죡
ȵȱ𣡡
˵ʱʱ죬˾ڤҹ˲ʧǰĿĲòҲ֪ɽ³еȪء
ԭص룬㿴ҿţΣ
У¶¶ûκΪ߸ֻһܹΪĽָô
У¶¶Ǹˣֻûߣıֻǧ򱶺ô
ڵĳô
вɣ
ʱĺ¶¶˸֪ڤҹ˾׷˹ȪУˮʵĸоԶ
Ľ㣬Ȫȥ
аһõĵطȥпһһкö౦أ
תſһԣı۾
Ȫˮ󣬾ǿۿ۴˵еһصԴԴϵĴë͸֫ٺ
Ȫڴ·׼뿪ŵʱ򣬿סȥ·
ڤҹ˾գ
ڤҹ磬˾ո磿
ĵĿ⿴ڤҹ˾ôȪѣ

1657 ֵʯͷ

1657 ֵʯͷ
ֱڼ䣬Ϊˣ
˫֮ǰЦ⡣
ڤҹǰŽʪյĳָǷˮ顣
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˵䣬ʦɫժһֻĴָС߲ǰ
ʦܣ캣µĴ󽫾ϵһöӣֻҪӵӣںߡ
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һűˮ鶼һǧļ۸ԭΪԼǮ٣ǸСˣһ򼸸ӵǮ
ҹдһʱʱ䣬Ҳûпʲôԭ׼뿪תʱȴһϢˡ
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ڤҹԭλ˾¶¶⣬ԭλãҲֻ¡
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ǣⲢǹؼĺڤҹںǺɺԱߵһö۵ʯͷ
žһɺļ۸˳ȥյҲβ
ǰеʰӵʱסʦȥ·
λС磬ͦϲϵʯͷ֪ܿɷһЩ
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ʦһ£˿ڷŵļʯͷ˵ûʲôô˵ʦЦ
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Ǽʯͷôǧһ
ɣҼλǳ֮ˣͱһЩ֣ԺһЩʯͷҪĻһȫߡ
ǲɵӣЩʯͷںɺʱһڻģΪ˾ǱɺԣҪȻˣʯͷȻ׬һһˡ
ܵ¥˶۲ĴӵܣҲ̫ݲǡ
üͷӦһʦʦ˺ԺźԺɢһʯͷʮ顣
һʮſʯͷ˿ˣһΪķˣ˾¶¶׽ĵĿģŽһԼ뷨
ʮſʯͷ֮뿪˺УֱӻصԺ
·ϣ˾¶¶δʲô
صԺʱѾˣԺ̸˵شţүӵһ˻ˣɫصĺܣĵһ
ѲǷʲô飿
СѾͷʲô飬Ѳ۸ǣ
үӻΪ˭۸ĸˣԽĺڤҹ˵Ϊеְ
˵ˣĳ˿ƥнڤҹ˵ĵ֣ҲӦǰ
үӣ½磡
ɫԾɳأүҲûʲôһӣ˷Χ
յĹ֮үڱﲻסŶģ׷ʲô飬զ¶
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˾գôˣʲô⣿
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˾ֽˣһӵһ·Ҳ֪ôһ¶
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ʯͷ
ʯͷɣûɣЩʯͷ
˷ȥĿϵʮſ鶫ʯͷʯͷһһѵģɼôɣ

1658 ǳ֮ĸʯ

1658 ǳ֮ĸʯ
Ѳʲôô
˾¶¶ûеԿʯͷŵ
ʯͷֵһ̣үӵɴ˫۲ԼĻ档
һ˫ֲŵǰظǰʮſʯͷǾٶڸŰһĸо
զˣүаˣ
ģǴЩʯͷ
үŶЩʯͷĸ˵ʯͷںС
ɶЩʯͷҪһ
ʲôЩʯͷֻҪһ
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үӵľȣЩʯͷֻҪһ̫˼ˡ
ûĻһȺûзʯͷеļֵ򲻿ʮſʯͷһļ۸
үӣ⻰˼ǲǾЩʯͷһˣҼһʯͷҪж٣ҲУ
Ǯߵ˸ڲƭԭˡ
û˵껰үһ֣һƴԴϡ
ΪʦԴ򿪣ʲô⡣
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ǰʮſʯͷǳ֮ĸʯеǿӦΪӽǳ֮ĸʯ
ĸʯһ㶼֮󱻷մ̳ʧǽ֮УСһĸʯ뱻յˣڴػߺȸطҼһССĸʯԽĸʯٵɳ
ҵ죡
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ĪԨЦţүһš
ҵĸͽܿɶУǼͽܣ֪湦һȥ˭ʺãһȥװǻơ
˻೰ű˴˵ͽܣСӴһʱս֮ڽ⡣
һϷҪΪһ飬˵ϳǳ֮ĸʯ˵һĸʯں׷ء
զɶϵ۾ϹҲˣɽԺʱ춼ڴ齫
үϰѹ˦ˣȻһĸʯǺе˿ɲ֪ɽԺˡ
ôе֪˭ߵĸʯô
֪ԲٲôеϴҲʶЦ滢ô֪ϢûʦڰһҪҵĸʯˡ
ĪԨһĳݣȻ˵޲ʲôɫ޵̺ʶˣɮ濴棬οԷȷϾμӱһԺĲߣҪúóһ
ˣǼȹɣϷ¶Ҳˣ
ʦͽ֮ٽ顣
үĪԨعͷʱЦǽһթ
ܸоõڹһʱ䣬ǼСһܽĸʯȫմִʱı֪ĸʯйϵҲν
үӣһ±ʲô
˲ȷԣҲǱڡ
ֻڱǰʼһ̣߲֪ԼҪԵʲô
үҲǴӲμӹαˣӦˡ
ôϷүץ׼ÿһһֵıʽÿһαὫǰֹ´˳Ȼеȡݡ
һ㣬ΪɽԺԺүҲʾΪ
˵һĹаֱ任ʽֱʼǰһ̣ǲܳȡеһ򣬱ѡҲ֪Եʲô
Ϸ˵ÿһβжǶ֮ˣǲܵģ
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һЦǽһºͣһʳŽ¶¶ߡ
С̣ȳԣ˳ɲٸȥ

1659 ײô

1659 ײô
ιͷʲôʱģ¶¶ɲ˾ռҵ̣
һɲ֣ըëɲʱ򣬺Ҳը֮˾ǿ˴˲˳ۡ
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ߣͷжʱ䲻ôţ
âǽһңƺһԲͳɲҪһ㡣
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ĺƵĴкɲ̬һӾתԭеº͡
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һɫһıᶼôĺˣһǸǵĸ֡
˾ճǵĿ⿴˿ڤҹһ۾϶˵Ϊ֮ǿԼ֮ϡ
˾ճǡ
˾ճǴչˣĿ¶¶ϡ
ãĲִҲû׼ʲô㣬Ǽ񣡡
ۡ
ڳԶĽһڸȫǰ޹·˵Դϣǵۡ
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Ųӿһۣüһﲻ˾ռֱʣѳһŵļƷҹ飬ȻλһǮǮ
¶¶˵ʲôǱ˾ճǺ˵Ǹ˻ȥֻõ˾һӻ
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֪˾ռӣү˾ճϲķһҲ˳·ԺڵĳУûǮ˽ĸʯ˳ɲ֪Сڲμӱ
ãҲûмСˣΪʲôز
΢΢üͷһ˾ճǣ֪òý˾հһŽ
ˣǰ˾հֽ˾峤˾޵еɡ
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ڶͭ𣬱ʼѡַ׷̤ؾ֮С
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ڵɽĹУָ谭ֻн谭ȫſԵɽۡ
ǰһǧɽ۵ΪʤߣŶֱӽһʤʣµ˺Ͷֱ̭ſ۳Ӧķ
˵жʤıЩ̫⣬ˡ
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ԶԶһɽ岢󣬵ǽһɽǸ߶ȻǶͳ̶ȶԶԶķΧ
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˾ˣյһǱţһһ졣
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֣˫֮ŵֻĸʯǧ֮һң˶ףǲĸʯҪգĸʯתΪſԡ
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еĸ֪ΧϢĳЩվǰβסˣԴɽʼоһȺڶǵһһ
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һǺһ˲ܳʮҰÿһҰǵζʮӴ˾ˡ
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ҰǵȼɭϣͷǴԣὫϵȻڿ־߽һģϷŪﵽ
ҰûвǲǱΧ˵
ʱؾУ˾˵жȺǵĻǰ
ҵ찡ù˾ȻжɭҰǣЩɶ׺ݵħް
ˣһᱻԵĹͷʣ£Ҷõᷢʲô飡
һЩ˥ĹǷ׷ױͷҿѪһĻ
ǣ˶Ϊ˾ҪǸʱֻˢˢˢâֻ˲ɲǣ㿴һȺɭҰǶ飬һһɢڵϡ
ҵ찡⻹˸ɵôʮǾͱǸ񿳹вһˣ
˲Լ۾ǿʮɭҰǣ˭ҺԺеİײôˣǲе̫ˡ

1660 ׼ ~

1660  ׼ ~
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ɱ˼ƥǣ
֪ղžָУ
Ҳǡ
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ɲ벻Ҳȥ룬ҪǵСүİΣ
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ϲԱӣ˾ռҸλڱӣһҪСүƽ¡
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զǼҶүΪʲô׷ĸʯ飡
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ټСĸʯʱЩ㱣ǲ֪ĸʯ
Сӣǲ֪ĸʯʲôط
ȸҶүĸʯʲôϵҾ͸ĸʯʲôط
˽ĵ⣬ʳɲĸʯ飬Գɲϼ޻ӦѾ²⵽һЩͷ
ɲ˼Ƭ̣˵үºΨһԾûǮˡ
үǽ紳ô꣬Ը㣬ûù˾ռһǮ֮ԽºеͽӦûǮˣҲΨһöүԭ򣬶û֮һ
ΪûǮˣ
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ҲǣģԺ˾ռҳ谮ţҵ¶˾ռҵ¶岻ң

û̫׳ɲʲô˼Ȼһһ仰±Ʋѡ
ʲôҵ¶˾ռҵ¶岻ҡ
Ȼڲ½ҲǴ壬ǳľ֣Ͼ˹ɽˣ˵ʵһ治Һ˾ռݣɲ⻰ʲô˼
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ϵģӵԼȥչǾ˳Ȼͺá

1661 ӵ

1661 ӵ
ҲãǵԼȥ룡
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ɲ˵һЩúԼȥǣվ᳤ģĸ÷ֵʱҪ֡
һζȥǵ뷨˳ӣֻ淴Ľ
һˣϵܣϵܣϵܣǼȥȱΣ
ãǾ͹ˣ
ЦţҲӦ
ʱеıڽУ㿴ӸɽʱӦħ޵ʱԸָΣյʱĶᵽɤۡ
ڣ˾Եһĺóɼ̤ɽۣ뿪ؾ
壡
һһ£ڷԼǻþʱ򣬳Ŷ˹
һߣ˾ҲˣòǰŶ
塣
ţֲ
˾ĺȴǿ˾죬ðû˵ԼŮߣ
֮󣬳ɲ㣬ȥԺʳóԷ
˾˵ԼҲˣһĸʯʱ򣬲Ц˳
ҶºһȻٻġ
£㵲أɶ
һԴ֮󣬾ʱʱĿԺıŮô
ʲôô𾢶оŮôţ
ǣǶûôҴؾʱ򣬿һ߽ٶȺܿ죬ȷȷʵʵһߣ񡭡
ҲʵĴ˺һ˵Լĸо
ʲôӲý˺ѳһ˿һ
Ϲˣǲۻˡ
ʲô˺ѣСӿݡ
Ӧۻ˰ɣ
ЦЦҲĿˡ
͵ĳ֮졣
棬˵ԺǼɹΪģһеĻԴͷ˾ĸ˾ճǡ
ΪĸʯĹϵѧԺμӵıѧԺԺ˾ճʸ飬̶̵ʱ䣬ԺԺ
žƱһı鿴ŷȥ˾ճǣתͷ˾˵һ˶˵Ļ
ҪȻǼʸɣ
ԭûǮҲܼʸʮĲܺñȺгʮҪõöࡣ
ҶǸӵˣԼҪ飬ǰǽɽɽҲ
˾̫ƢˣȻ׶磬ô˵ҲͬѪСͱѵȻˡ
ûֹ˶ľԼͨˣ˾峤Ҳܽ
ôô
ȻҶ뿪˾ռ֮ôһǮûù
˾ճǾǿӣʱԺԺĪԨµǰѧǼ˾ճǾ
˾ճǾͣһˣҪǰ׽Ҳˡ
ڣ˵ĳʼ
ģͣ
ڤҹɵǣ
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ԭһһں쳹ү㣬˾ռҵĹܼҳɲԼɽԺүҲڹϯϡ
ĳһ¹ؾԱĹؼ
ֻҪĳȽˣͿԽܾʱԺУͿԽһ
¶¶Ϊ
Ŀǣ֪ԼŮƣ涨׼ħֵĻǸǺá
ͷİɣ¶¶ֻ˭Ҳҽģ
˵껰ʱ򣬲˱һǲ׼ѧԱħ޲ս


ѻһô
ٺ٣ҵĴҵĴС
죡
뿪ڣ㱻˺ֹˡ
ĳĹ򣬲׼ٻκħʥ޵ȵһвμս򽫻ʧȥǰʸĻ֡
ڶ򣬱ǳ˵һ֮ûйֱ֮ʱ˭վʤߣֱӽܾ
ʲô򣿴Ҷô
֮⣬벻õĴݵĳĶȤζ
ô˻սɣ׼ʲôڰз
ڤҹĶ˻˵˶Ǿ֣Ҫչ¶¶ץסĻǽص鷳
Ϊĳǰؾֻ¶¶ʮֲֹۡ
ҧ˵ɫ
ģĺڤҹڣ˵¶¶Žָء
԰ôһˣ
˵һͭʾʼһ˲䣬ټϻսʼ
һɽһǿϵҷţ¶¶˱߽߱ǽǵط
ˣҪҪΪȺȫˣ
ǰӵȺڤҹɱ⣬ֻҪһͷὫȺȫʣ
ôѪôý¶¶ѧһѧԱļ
˵ܱ̬ǲѺãҲΪˣ¶¶ѧϰһαԼ
ǲʱʱ̵̿ĸ¶¶ߣԭ˸ȥִĻ¶¶Զıţ˵
Ľ㣬ԣ
¶¶֪ΪԼ룬ǲԭһӣӦóеԼΡ
ڴʱһӰԼٶȳ¶¶ۿеĳ̴¶¶ţڴʱһâ˸һ룬еһڵϡ
ô˻ᣬ¶¶ǰһ˵ļ׵ϣֻһ̱ڵϻȥ

¶¶۾һµʱ򣬵ڶŵҲ֮УһһĲ˵ļ׵ϣѾȥ˸ܲʹ
š¶¶ٲȥĻ͸ˣ
Ĳò¶¶¶¶˫һȻԼһ֣
еⲻϵ˸ţ¶¶Ц红һȴſ佱
Ľ㣬ڤҹ磬ˣˣ
ûκһˣҲûֻһȫƾԼܵ˵ģ
ɵƯ¶¶ͣ
̨ϣ˷ܵ˾Ͳ¸̨սУ㷽ıס˾ȥˡ
Ҿ˵¶¶û¶Ϲĸʲô⣬뺦ʮʸô
һ˾˵û¶û¶û¶Ϲģ˵ˣĺڤҹ߻Ŀ¶¶Σô
ҵһο¶¶ˡݰ
Ҳ˭ͽܣ
£˽߷׷תүӵϣǿĿүô¶¶Щɵģʱʵ飬;ùͷۡ
ڣһилرˡ
ߣϷ̳ͽܣȻɣ
үʮԺı鿴е£ֻЦǽһãΪ¶¶еˡ
ϣվ¶¶󣬵ȻҲڽָЧ÷Χ֮ڣҲΪʧĵȻ޴档
ԶΪΡ
¶¶סˣʱʱ̶̿ᷢΣգҪģ֪ô

1662 һү

1662 һү
ţ֪Ľ㣡
ϣĺڤҹԾ¶¶ࡣ
Ȼ¶¶ûκΪнָĹϵһҪ̤˽緶Χ֮ڣɳͨˣүӵĽ̵£¶¶ѣһ²
Ȼ¶¶ѧϰѪȵʽүӸ֮ƫ¶¶ѧϰġ
ñһŮɢֺɣʵǽ˵Ĺͷȫ۶ϴλ
ȱȽǣǽߵĽ΢΢һʱһǿߣ¶¶ϮڽָıԵشͣס˽Ų˲Ʋ磬˽
¶¶߸֮Ҳûɵɵɱ¶¶һƿ˽ķΧȥѰұĶ֡
㡭ûвʲôϢ
΢΢üͷ̧ͷʱһĨɫĹâԼٶȳű˹
˵ʱʱ죬һס¶¶˱Եشڤҹſ绤סˣûбڹɱ
ãſ磬ң
һ֮䣬ֵʱеһ
˭뵽ǧ겻ֵһεҾȻʮ֮һγ֡
̨ϣүӺͳϲ½籣ϵһȺڣϵĲҲſ羡ѧԺɫĹâԾһ£ڹ˵һ˲㱻Ϊʧ֮䡣
⡭ʲô
ӽУĿЩڹһ˵棬ֻգۼʱ䣬˾ʧˣԶԶʧˣ궼ʧĵȻ޴档
ϵĴûнı߱ڹ⽦䵽ڽɢҽ鲼ȫ˼һĻ𾪡
¶¶һԣǰĻ档
ôˣ
ӵ壬С
ʱɫؼ֮Уһһ˻ǰ˵԰ټƵħһ֣ͬǿϮп־ŪŨҵ˼㡣
˭
ħɱǣ
ɫнɫĳǹŹ㳡ϵһλãλǱſ绤ŲѧԱλá
һһââֱ˽磬˵ĳִɱе˵ľٶ
үӣʦ̫ĪԨԺڰУ̬죬ħɱǵʱнһĨĳ֮ɫ
Ϻǣⲻ죬ƺĪԨôΪ˭ء
Ȼɱʶˣнɫņָ̀үӡ
ǵöǰǶʦԯʲôıɱˣˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴϣɱĿˡ
ʱ̨ϵ΢΢ΪħɱǺүˡ
ɱǵҪʦ˴һЩɿҲ񰡣ɱǾʮһʦĪԨԺһѾ
ɱǣԭ˽һȥѰ㸴û뵽Լˣ
˶ɱǿνǺ֮ǣΪɱǣʦҲ
Ǽһӣ
һԾĪԨүӺ˼ɱУҪɱ֮أΪǿħ֮һɱôᱻɱ
˱޷ɱ˸ܣ
һߣڰвĸˣĲɵüͷ
ڤҹүʦ̫ĪԨԺΪԼǸʲôħɱǵΪʲô𣿡
ܲĳĸ˵ǿ󣬵޷֪˵Ϊʲôز
죬ƣĪԨ˵Ϊ쾳۷ǰ֮Уħ쾳۷塣
˵ǰ쾳۷һ쾳۷壬ҪһЩġ
ħɱǺү˴򶷵ʱħҲûš
̸ȵģ浱ʱǳصô
룬ĪҪ嶯
˵ʲôʱѾˣħѾԼٶȳ˾˿ųȥ룬ҲһԾ¡
ڹѾɢʾڤҹ磬¶¶ٻֻԭ߸ǶԿħ
Сף
컹ڳ˯֮УСΪβһߣ԰˰̬֡
ףЩôô󣿡
βͻζڰ֮УСʮĿһ۳ħò˵һħħҪǿܶࡣ
𣡡
һǳħ˲մ
һߣҲûţеħһ¿ħһ򣬾һŮӣŮӾֵ뿪Ҳûκε󣬻һֱӿħԴ
Ϊܸħһ˭뵽Ȼܹʱͷ­
ȥ£и
һĨթЦ⸡ڴǣƽ̲ߣǴܵʱ۶ǡ
µĶħϣħԴ֮ħ˿ϾմȾµĶأǵһֶԲٿ壡
˵ʱʱ죬۵䣬ԼٶվħͷħȻֻѾѪҺ֮С
²ٿصħͬ飬ǱͬĻյĻ˻ҽ
ƣ˵𡣡
˻ֻ֣ҪǸ
Сģ
ʱһӵص´ӿ뱻ƿһᱻ̸͸
룬˾ĸ໥ţһߣ¶¶ֻ޹Ա
ڼҲвԺ˷׷׼ս¶¶һϵ޹Ա
һһүӣĪԨʦ̫˱ɱһǹˣײǽϣǻҽ
׼ǰʱڤҹס˽ġ
ˣ㿴
̳ɢ֮ʱӰһγǰ
ЩֵǣӰеǲͬӰʱſүӺĪԨԺڷ仯
͵彥ֱ׷Ҳ˺ڷԭĺҲ˿ģ
ȥ˭
ҲһĻѲʦĪԨԺˣתͶ̥ˣɳǲ̫ˣ
ʦ֣Īʦ֣
Ƽؿλʦ֣֪ʦֵһ۲ɢɱʦּǰҲԼˣȻҪָ۷״̬
ȥ˲ʦĪԨԺɣ
һһϮ£һһ£׷Ѿīһɷǵ̬֮ǰŵүԼǻĪԨԺһĴ
ôʵڿԲòˣ
쾳۷壬һ񾳡
ǽ񾳺ɭȫָͬ
һ򵥵ӣСѧһ࣬еһ࣬һ࣬һΪϵ
һ񾳡Ǻεʵ
۷Ҫ񾳻ҪḶ́ĪԨˣһ񾳣֪ΪжôĿֲ

1663 ٴ

1663 ٴ
һ񾳣˿ֲΪĪԨһֱԼʵ
Գ˵ʱҲҪˡ
ȻħɱǵΪҲ쾳۷壬Ǿ񾳻һ·̵ġ
˵սʤѾˡ
ɱǣıƭʦˣݺǶʦǱҪĳ޼ĳ
ɻǵõǱƨʱĻ棡
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣɱҲԼгǹָźڰգһ˲䣬׵粻ϵ£źɫĹâȺ֮С
Ϊڻ޹İ뿪ֻ嵲סɢյ¶¶һߣ˾ĸҲħǡ
̵ģҪȫˣӾǹܣ
˻һ볶ϵ©ʵ˶ļ⣬гһһκΣħǵӴҲħҪǿٱ
ԶʮħѾ˷һοֻħˣĸ˻һߣ¶¶ȡʱ䡣
ɱǺĪԨһδǱ˴˫κηᱻɱķǣԪʧ֮䡣
һһҵըѿڵա
ʱӰǰڣһŮźɫĳۣȫ±ɫ˿ʲôģŮһϮɫĳȹòɷͬʱҲ޵⡣
ϣɱǣΪͽȺϣû뵽Ȼᱻסˣ
ŮָŴЦţЦĻصڶߣ˸
ߣľ͹ȥ鲻Ҫ֣
˵Ļ⵽˺ӵĳЦź۵һӰڴʱϳһˡ
ԭӱһˣ˳ѡ
˱еĺŮӺͺԹߣʱŮӵĿȴڤҹϣһ˫ŵƺȤ
˵Ȥϲ
֮ʣŮһڤҹͽĵǰָҪȥڤҹգ㱻һǿֹ
λϴ˾ϰˣñ⡣
İŷǰĺŮӡ
룬һɱһɵĵˣ񻹸Ҵڤҹע⣬ˣ
Ϊۣ
ûŮӣȷ˵ڤҹѹûŮһۡ
Žĵڤҹĵױжôҵĸˡ
ЦЦЦЦʲôЦЦô
Ϊֻ룬һηǺߡ
ڤҹǼǵϾΪ󶯸λ֤˳Դˡ
ϣ㻹ǵ˵ÿҺÿ
ȻʳЩⲢҲԵýȡ֣ڤҹ𰸣ǺŮӺÿÿ
ֻзÿû֮һ
Ǿ仰ڤҹŮӿûпһۣŽŮӣһΨһ
𰸣ǣЦǽи⡣
λϴû˵ҳúÿ

Ůӿħһ˺һСѾͷ裬ȻСѾͷƬӶһӵʱ䡣
һӣѪıӳŽϮǺɫıӼڽĲϵʱڤҹڽߴһӣɫħγһǿĽ磬ֵס˺
ǺǣСܵܣǽ㿴ϵˣΪͣϲ
Ѿϴ˻Ϲˣں˵һΣˣ˺⣡
ôֻҪˣСܾܵҵˣ
ܵүĵܵܣ
һ׹⣬Լٶȳ嵽˺ŮǰֱһȭݺݵļӰŮӵϡ
һȭʮ㣬ĺ±Ƭ̣Ȼû㿪СѾͷƬӵĹ
ɱ˳Ѿͷ
ɱˣϧǺϲѾͷСҲǼõģ
ӽкħ֮һһʱΪħͷŷӡû뵽ȴɱǡ
ںµʱͻһɫӺڰбŷֱس˹
ٵݳÿ죬ΪħĺҲɽ㲻ɫ˼
˵ע⣬
ڤҹӣе˼㡣
ˣǾȻڤҹע⡣
ɫ˶Ľİŷڤҹļϡ
ڤҹ˽㣬ǽң
˿űǣΪԻᴦ
ǲУ
Ŀɲ뿴֣ҪúŮ֪ʲôĶõҲû
£ĳǰȥһսһߣڤҹҲɱĿ
оǿɱ⣬ûйǿ
㣬Ǻˣ
ɱˣ
ڤҹȻΪħޱǿ󣬵ڤҹǰѷɫһЩ
ԭҲΪ̫ţͿڤҹŽԼȱ㱩¶˳
УɱǶ죬ĪԨˣڤҹġ
˵֮УĿǰʵľǽģǵĺͺΪҡ
ȥǲǴѪˣ
Ǵδʱ˿̵ĽģֿȭһȭһȭĻںϣÿһȭҪΪǿͱĴǷʬˡ
СѾͷ㾹ȻҴ
ߣľ㣡
ŭˣеѪɫӱһѷĳط֮ģٶȿ˿ֻܿһһâڰ˸š
¶¶Сģ
Ϸսҡ
·ˣ
£˾ĸ˶ޣһע⣬㱻ǰΧˣڳɲ룬ĸ˼ʱ֣˾ճҲٸ
˼˵ļ룬µһЩҲܵġ
񣡡
ţ
ڴʱһ죬һɫںߣգ֮䣬ɫɢʱ򣬿ֻʣһƬѪ衣
𣬾ôˣҶʣ£ԪҲˡ
ҵ찡ڤҹΪҪôĿֲȻܰǸ˵Ԫˣ
۹ڤҹΪжôĸߣһߣܽԯҵ˱ˣɱ˺ˣ
۽ڤҹΪӦ쾳ңڿȫȫ۷״̬
ܣĵ񾳵ĻΪʲôĻͣھ۷УҲ̫Զ˰ɣ
ڤҹʲôΪ֮ڵڤҹɱ˺𣬶ҽԪԶ޷תǵ˵Ĵۡ
֣ҪǸŪҾͲǽģ

1664 Ҵүע⣿

1664  Ҵүע⣿
ŭˣò϶ĺŮбԼҪǿ󣬵ǿΣһ·ֲûԽɱǿߵľ
СˣСѾͷƬӣȻˣҲˣȥɣ
˫ֽӡкɫĹâʢû뵽ôңûٸϣ
˵Ҫսصħȥշ״úõһǸɫ˵˭
ɫâأâ֮УǵӦһƬѪ֮УԵ쳣ֲ
ˣȥɣ
˵Ҳô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ˫ֽӡȺһ˽硣
ڤҹ룬£¶¶ֻ뿪磡
нӡµʱɢڤҹ֪ħ󷨿̶ֲȣҲ֪ǵİΣ
ħ֮Уʱֻʣ½ģԼڲеĪԨƺɱһħ
ʲô
ħ£ʲôרŶԸȺаħļһ
һ£¡¡ص֮䣬ޱȣѹǿޱȣǺҲΪֲ
ħӡɴһ״ֱںɱǶϵʱһвŸոտʼ
ʵ飡
ĵֽӡһѤĻ˷׵֮ɱǺͺǰ
⡭ôл⣡
׵Ż⣬ʲô
Ϊħ󷨵ĹϵĪԨ˲ò֣ͣչ籣
СѾͷʲô⣬̽Ϊʦô
һƤȫģߣĿŽ˫ֽӡĲͬ󷨡
ֽӡЩϤûв´ĻӦԯҵҵ𣬵ֽӡʲô˺Ǻ氡
ħ󷨼ϺҵԴ󷨣һԣЧΣ
ȻкҵԯҵѾͷôѧģ
ǵĺԯҿǳа
Ϊħ󷨵ĽټϺҹĹϵɱǺͺ޷һһ׵ǳ۾һϵڶ˵ϡ
ɱǣ취
ȻһһŮݣȥĻ˽ͺһɡ
ɱǰ˫̧֣Ѫӡ󿪡
һ˲䣬һѷĴųɱǰ
ǻģʱ֮أ
£ɱץס˴ʱշ϶ߣʧǰ
ħ޾ô׵ͺҵӲǽһҡ
ʱеĽĽ⿪ӡ΢΢üͷ
һУ
û뵽Ȼʱѷߣоо󷨵ýᱻ͡
ͬʱͷǿķħ󷨣ټϺҵ𣬽һȥ
ͬʱһ״зӿڽĵϡ
ڤҹҪǰȴүֹˡ
ڶɽ٣ӷ̤ؾ
֯ɲĺ׽ٲʲôΣģϾ׽ٵ׵ħ󷨵׵ͬ
ͻȻҾôȻֹ˭Ҳ֪ɱôֵģһʱĻˡ
ϵʬ˵ĵڵϣɨսһбʹЩʬǵҲǵͬ顣
ԺԺУĻڳ˯ץס׼ߵТ졣
ʦ͵͵Ҫߣҿħʱûɱ˲ˣ
Т죿
ӣŹڵϵТ졣
壬ΪҪͶħ硣
ʵĪԨѾ֪ТݣǲûҴТħ磬û뵽ħɱǾȻôĳǰ
һоգһҲе͡
Ƕģʱĩ٣һţ
Ȼ䣬ТЦЦǽһ˻عТóذ״Լ࣬ǰıƺڴ˵ĩ
ТɱˣʵûдɱТ죬ֻϧԼ˶
ҹɫԺ
һʱ䣬Ķû
ԺУ¸¶¶°˿ڣɸ˾ۻˡ
۲ۣҴ
˾ܱܲСһ¶¶ûۣϹʲô
˾һ£ԾϧĿ¶¶
˾ոû¶ֱֻ˶ѣ
ڳÿһƶغܶࡣ
¶¶Ϊʦͽܡ
ǰĥ¶¶ĳȴ˾ţòɿ֡
Сӽˮ˰ɣһ¶¶ԴдôôŪԼʮķһ

1665 

1665 
үӡԣѾٽүˣɽԺԺ졣
һĿԼͽ˾ûʲôʲôʮ飬ֻճϵԼͽܶѣСӷʲô衣
һԵǰǺøһִļϡ
ʦ㰤˵Ƥ˿ŲҪȥ£
˵ģ뻹ǱȽϲǰСͷһʦվǵǰмİĸо
ȥôȥϷʱýӡסԼţΪ˱֤ԼԵ˵ʱ򷢾ȫڵѾˣ㻹Ϸôȥ
һۣ˵һԼĪԨԼһϣˣҲ˵ɱʦĳˣȻҪ⿪
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ϱӣӦûɶ¶ɣҽᵹĲ١
˶˵ϱϹŮƢ൱֮꣬йϵô

1666 ֱнֱ

1666 ֱнֱ
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ѩҧŴǣ֪Լ幤ã뽫ԧ˵ѼӣǺΪġ
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뱾ҸĿ˭֪ԽˣԽΡ
Ҳ֪ΪһֱˣܰѻҲǸ˲ˣԣǸܲˣ
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ѩĽСС˵һͣͿ˼Ҵ·ʡʡǮȵȣĻ˲ٻˡ
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1667 ζ

1667 ζ
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ǿǿߴĽռ䣬һĲ㣬峾֮Ϊɱǿ

1668 

1668 
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ε̾һӻҪȥֻҪϵǿһҪǰǳӭӵףһڲõĽһ
̾ʲô
첻⣬ѾĽİݶˣѾͷ̾ʲô
ֻ룬ҵܹǿһЩͻʮ˲㣬һļ׻ã
ɶ
˵ҵǿһЩĻܸ׵ˡ
ΪˣվһԵĪԨ˻࿴˱˴һֽۣĿ˽ĵϡ
ѾͷҪҪô̬
ôˣ
˵Ķʵòá
ڤҹΪʱ׺͵
Žһ޹飬Ķˡ
뵱ңĪԨϲģˣؾ۷ǳʱ˾Ų㣡
ʲô˱ˣôĸûκοɱԺô
̫˰ɣ
ô
Ҳ֪Լĵһ仰ȻĪԨԺʹ㣬Ҳ׵ǳ֮˳ȥ
һ㣬ǳʱ棬ͻ˵ؾ۷壬쾳ڵΪ

1669 Ů

1669 Ů
쾳ڣ쾳۷廹Ḷ́һҪúõУȡ쾳
棬ĺڤҹǳл˲ĳɼ峾еˡ
˵¶¶ԾûκеʣѰֿɲǰװ׽гڵģ£˾ĸ˿¶¶¸峾еõ
ҼΪҲ̤˵ؾС
һ֮뿪Ժ׼ŷɽԺ˾ȥ˾ռһˣжҪ˾һ峤˾޵С
ǺһлصɽԺȥһЩ飬ԭ߸˱ĵžȥ˾һڵǡ
˾һľڣҲǲ½ΪǿĹ֮һ
ϣڤҹĻУ¶¶飬º˾齫
˵ڵΪڲ½ܲǸ֣
ȻĽĺڤҹȥǳΣǼҲ峾кܶջ
˵峾ҵһףһܿǵħսʱıȻۺͷûñȣǴȥ޵УΪҪһ㣬ֻ˴ײܷӳЧ
أ峾ҵԼһҲ˵һһѣԻᡣ
֮Ÿָ󵽳С룬߶ٿأڲٿرʱΪڱͶɼЧжô
˾ǼΪԵģʹõıý˾֮ҵһԶսһýһѽ˾ѽΪ裬ɼϲ
еңҲ˵ûõʲôö֮õһѿԲٿصУһֻһСֱôǷޱȣֻҪմȾ϶ԷƤ˿ڱϣǾҲҪ߶ǿ˿ֹѪ
ǣˣ
ǣҪٿеΨһǵѪҪ˵ĳеĵϣϾҪͨ˵ӣҪõͷ
ͬ־ͷҲֻаָͷôһֵĺܣڿͺһƵġ
֣ļϱʾο
Щ¶ɣǿ˳Ȼͺãţһ᳤һͷĳģ
ѾЦˣҵʱЦĶȥˣ
һħڣһǷУ֮ҪͷУ֪жôơ
ǵ˾ռٻҪµʱ䣬һĴ赲ǰ·ҪľϵʳѾĵĲˣҪȥһճƷ
ƫƫһ֮أǰʮأһӡ
ĺ¶¶һЩŮҪõĶ֮۷׼صϣǰκ̫һֻڰ;Сɽׯбꡣ
СɽׯѾʱˣ֩ǣڷҡҷţȥɭֲ
˵治йɣ
ħ㶼£˻¹ô
°һ룬뵨СģЦ
ѣħŪǺôӲУֲǵʿУ
׻˵úãרǵʿиɵĻֻܴħô
˵ˣСʱµӰһֱǻʱζεǸ档
Ҹ˵ҲаСʱۿ
ȼշžԭ߸ΧԱߣ뽫ԼСʱľ
ǵӸոʮ꣬ӢȺвٵСﶼҰĽмӣֱһ죬һСԼȥɽˣ
ûк˵ϾǷǳǸԼӰ飬ú
ţ˵ţ˵ŵɽ֮顣
ʮɽһŮӣŮƮߵߣûпһˣû˵ʱҲûж룬ֻȥһС
ɺôôԾһͷͿһѪԲҰײҰ׵ǰ
Ѫ԰ǲҰײҰף
ݣ΢üͷȻˣݴõЩìܡ
Ҽ˵
ſˮ˵Լ
ѪԵ֮ͲϵܣôҲܲǸΧʱ򣬶һϽԼ֣ѪŮ
ʱҲûбķӣΪܿһЩ뿪Ҳֻˡ
ȻѪŮһʱŮ໵һʧԶŵþȣҲ˹ȥ
Ϊ飬ü춼뿪ңú˵˵Žػָ
ҲΪˣӰ
롭˵Ůǲɫɷףֻ۾ϵðѪˮͷģ
ԶԶԣô֪
뿴ǲϵĺˣһ֡
Ů󣡡
£໵һɤӴڵϸߣҪţҪӴȥˣһȴ¡
ʱͱŻˣ
°һ֪־壬Ż
̵ģ㾹ȻŻӣŲӴˣ
ָŷƭԼһǰסĲӣ˺Ȱ֮£ŷ
ȼշž죬߸˸ڻԱߣĿ飬졣
ڴʱһ紵Ĵ겻֪ʲôʱͣ
֨һľűﴵ̧ͷһ˲ɴ˫ָָۣڵλá
ܡǧͷܹǧͷ
˸ıݣЦš
Ϊһŵүô㣬үĵӴ㲻һͷƫͷ󿴿ɶҲûУֿ
һҲͷʱ򿴵һŲӰ׿ֲ˼Ĺһ˹ȥصڵϡ
η
һӣһûҪѹסŮ˵Ҳ֣Ůδһˡ
ɶģ飬㶮ô飡
ŮŽĶԼƺжߣԭ뿴ĲŮŵ߶ѡ
ŮϳһЩûǾɫ
У¶ҵ̣Ҷû˵ɶǹ
͹ȫͬĴڣҲűϵ𣬵ŮȷȷʵʵǹֻΪ֮˹ųΪػ顣
ɶô㣿Ҳյ㱻
ŵʳŮԱҪãʳȴ˫֡
յ㱻ҶþûԶˣ
Ů鳤̾һŶģǱĴۣյóԵİɣ
һֻô
ҪǲĻֻڸСƣ
ŮЦǽһģŽĸյļСƣǱ˼㡣

1670 ע

1670 ע
ֱֻֻ֮ŮĴűá
ػ飿
ţղŲѾ˵ôػ飬ػɽׯػ顣
Ůû֣ǰɽׯ˶Ǻɽׯûˣû˹ˣҲʧԷûˣҲ֪ӹòŻ֪ʧλá
˴Ů˽⵽һǿߣΪ˱һɽׯΪ˱ʬǹУأʶָΪ˿е
㱣ɽׯħаǰɣɽׯһ飬ʲôҲЩģˣɽׯԽԽ٣ֱһɽׯʧҲûڹˡ
ھͱӣ
԰ȻΪأǿʢʱڵҿܺ񾳸ִٸغϣڱ˵ˣ⼸ؾСҶ򲻹ȻҲҡ
˦˦ӣЦߵߡ
ٺ٣Сãҿĵһæ£
ܾ
˵껰ֱܾ֪Ů˵ʲô
ǻҪǰ˾ռңûʱæ
ôôܿĳǼϵĲ֮Ȼ쾳ڶһȥǳϢȣ⼸ҲˣǼ˵йѸͣϱĽٶȣ
Ů˵ͷͷǵҸˣֻҪæԻ˽µ⡣
Ůһ仰˵»Ҳ֪Ϊٶȹԭ򣬵±ĸʵ
ʦ˵һ˼̳е󺣣ǱľͰܳװȡÿһľͰӵĳȡ
ͺһٸľͰôߣΨһ̣ľͰеˮʧ
ұ֤ĸ֤ʣаѻĻڤ֮С
Ůԣûб˫ڤ֮УҲ˵û˵ѡ
ҲһԵ֣ҪǰæҲܼ򵥣˷һʱˣ
Ů˵ĻҲ
Ѽȥܼ򵥣ȥɽһӣǺһ̤µı־ǵɽׯׯĺӣ仰˵Ҳ˽ӡ
Ǻӵϱض̤µӡǣɽׯѪеĶϡ
Ů˵Ӧʮ֮䣬ҲΪŮʱʱССϴֹԴͷ
Ҫãã˺Ѱһ굽ʮ䣬̤µĺӣҲ̫ͳ˰ɣ
Ѿ˹ڵ֪Ů鲻Ů֮󣬸ֽԼǱιȥģֻΪʱӰѡ
Ҳû룬ҪҵǸҪ
굽ʮ֮䣬̤£
ǼΨ֪ãã˺˵С򣬵˿Ҳʮ֮࣬ټϸ߰أҪҵǺǴ롣
ҪȻأ
ӣͣͨѰǸӡ
ǲźеַ˵ˣһ£Ǻڵǰ׵ҺӣСŪĻ̻̲Ź֣ʱҲǸˡ
˵е
˵ͷһм
ԼǺӲôṩĻÿһΪ
浱ȣְ취Ӧÿɡ
ǺǣǾԼǮ࣬ǾҸұֻ֤Ҫȥʾһʱ䣬ʮ׼ס
Ǳ֤˵ŵڶĽ
ǺѰ˻ԼͽѰˣĸӶס
зӡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ˾ͣ˽Ųתһңд֣¥
ĵ˲֪¥ʲôõģ˾ˡ
˾¥¥ϰԽӴ˾㣡
Сүݹ٣¥԰
˵һ欵ŮӣŮĳȹҰڶƣǵͷȡ
ֻרעе飬רעеĽųԣڤҹֻнһˡ
Ƕ¥ŮϰѹͲȤǽĺ¶¶ˣǽһĽ
ʲôģͽģҪɶɶôģ

ſˮǱһ
ڤҹ֣ĵգʹֻԼ
ˣƬʲôΪԡ
ɶУܲܳԵģ
ɣ
ڤҹܾ飬ΪҪˡ
һòãһԻҾͳ԰մϣ
Уʳ÷θۣҲ÷˸ܣɣ
ڤҹ˼ҾôôһڣһڣòҪôڤҹ
£ɱǧ˰ٸҶ֧֣ܱܲ಻ã
˾ͲˣǻŰҪڴǵСòá
ô
ûУ
ûУ
ûУ
ڤҹһ۵ɹֱӣһȥڤ
Ȼе˶ûǵݡޣڤҹˣ˾ˡ
һߣ˾¥ϰŹɽׯõ飬˼Ƭ̣ˣһᡣ
СүҲ˵ǺӾڶǾסǶǿɲǺȥĵضҪȥģ׼
Ȼ֪Щʲôеύ˾̧ͷһ¶¶ڵĵط
ͽյϢҵŮ˾Сүϵǳһ֮ȴ˵еĻҪһЩһϢӦһüǮ
л
ϢǮ쾭飬¥ľ⡣
˾һ¶¶ࡣ
˰ɡ
һЩǺӵϢô
ţȥԷϲĻ
˾ǣ¶¶¶¶ߵĶǺߵģ˾ϲý
վ˾¶¶󣬽Ʋתͷڤҹ
˼ҲҪԻ
ãϲԻԻֻܳ԰Ҳպϣ
ڤҹ֪ԼСŮҪ˵ʲôһܾе顣
ƽʱãձǷ˵ӣǽճʳǱضʹ̡
ҪԻպûģҪԻҪĻ
ģͱˣڳԵԶزڤҹģɣ
ҲǿˣڤҹԽļֱõ˷ָĵزˣǺ·ĳ磬ͺñڳԵϣԽĺõģڤҹŻԣвӽԼط
ǶԽĲõģڤҹǾԲ
ⲻΪ˳ԽĿ˵Ǻ޵ˡ
๫˼ҪԻô׼˼ҳôһ㣬һòô๫
ף
£˱ĶĵĲҪҪģȫë

1671 ˾ռҵ

1671 ˾ռҵ
գڽĥӲв֮£ǳһҲһڡ
˵ڶ죬˾˪һһ㾫ͷҲûС
ˣΪΪȻ׼
ڤҹԼʱмһ£Ҳ÷ʹ
û¶Լ
СһڴȥһȫڲϵĽţָоܡ
¶¶Ȼ֪ΪʲôʹҲֻһԸż
ҹɫСУΪǺӵ˶Ѱɽׯĺá
û뵽ո̤붫ǣ㱻һȺʵʵΧסˡ
˵Σհɡ
ǼСӴĲȻ˶ǣͱ뿪ǮԼѡɣ
ƶߣ˶֮ʣΪ˻ȥԲϧκֶΣֻҪܺţҽǳ
񣬽ڤҹ˵ǰ·һȺסˣЩ˻в˽ǮҪȻѱ
仰޵ʱЦ˳˴˿˶Էһۣһǰɫ֮еЦжôŨˡ
ǰٱˣھȻˣˣ
£һȭ˵ϣ˻ûüعͱǰɣܻܲҪԷ컯ɡ
һЩ˶ʲôȵĽɫתҪߣ֮ǰȴΧסȥ·
˵˵߾ߣô
һĨЦ⣬ŨڴǣһߵȺм䣬еĵַչڼǰ
ȥطҪȻͷšˣ
ΪԼʲô֮οԸȺҪ˲ƺļһҪˡ
ڼĴ£һ˵ַڵĵطһСԺӲסĺۼ
ʱɫ֮£һ˫Ϲ˵ǱߣеĹŲϵôŵ棬ߵһʮߣ˫۳ֳɫҹɫ֮Ϊˡ
ߵߣһոõʳǰ׼ת뿪ת֮ʣеĲһȺˡ
ˣ
СԺΧĽͻȻӿֶ߱ʵʵıУվڽ֮⣬һ˾˾˵ͷȷǺӾϢᵽ˽ӡ
Ȼ˵ɽׯ֮ǰѾһƬ֮أɽׯׯ˽ӵĺǻҷҲԼԼĿֱ̤µӡǣŮ˵ˡ
֮С
Ǹؾߣ˵˫ۿκζŸ֪ĲߵЩ֮У󲿷ֵΪԼ֮ϡ
֮У
˫СĽ껤󣬶վߵǰɫƺӦ˵Ӱӡ
֮껺ڡ
Ҹߡ
겢ɣѾԤϵһ
ȻߣҲ˷ʲôˡ
һǰ˫ۿߺں棬гʱ֮Сɽׯ
ŮѾȺɽׯǰεĿŹꡣ
ʱ򣬷·𿴵Ǹһ
ˣѾˣӦǵأ
żһͳˣ
ʾ⽪ĵȱżԵƬ̣֮ͻԼĳŵ
ҲһʱƬ̣վɽׯ֮⿴ǰһĻĻ
ڿһ̣ͣ˽ŲһݵСƺдʶһı飬Ҳ֣ظա
֪ˣڻˣ
һĨЦ⸡Ĵǣֻһâ϶ɹ꣬˫ɫӿʼ˫ɫ
֪˶ãҲɲ֮䣬ֻǹ˰꣬âɢ֮ʣ忪ʼ͸
ԺɽׯͽˣһԼҪȥ
£뿪ɽׯŽǰȪ
ΪȪȹеȪˮҲֻܴһ϶ѰҵȪڵλá
ͬһȪˮӳڵϾǹڰеɫĹâɢȪˮһƬʤա
ڰߣ˫̤ȪˮУϵӿ棬ȻϮ֪˯˹ȥ
УĿ
֪ԼԸ֮ʧڣˡ
Ҫ˰ɡ
ţҪˣҲһллҵǸӡ
ɽׯÿһ˶ĵĺǻţֻҲԱɽׯˡ
ֵô
ûʲôֵòֵãֻԸ񣡡
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣϣŹâԽŨңʧ˽ĵǰ
ǵԽԽӰĻ˫ۣҲΪֻصĻһõ˼ƽƽҲƽƽ
ò˵ȪȪˮЧȺΪйԭ費㣬ȪˮһϣЧļ
գ˶ǰ˾ռڵƷѾȫɽׯһС֮⣬һ·Ҳûз顣
г֮ǵǡ
¾˾ռҵ˱дһˣǲ½һָĴ壬̬ܵǽһȫ
λ
˾ռҵŽĵǰ᷿٣˾ǰݸλڣҪȥ峤
˾ռҡǮ
ѾǮ˿Լŵģ֮ĿǰΪֹ˵ǼǮļ˾һˡ
׼ϢʱӰſ᷿Ժ⣬ûſſżˡ
λ¶ô
Ƕ˱ֺûκεı飬֮ǰֱ¶¶
ţΣ
Сﳤñ־һĵĿ˶ɲ˵С¶¶ҵŮܿ۶ҲǶӵĸˣ
Լǡ
޶˶¶¶⣬ݴƾɫǵķ˻ǰԼժӴ¶¶ϡ
Ҳûɶö㣬ǼҵĴұĸĶ
Ѿ¶¶ϣ¶¶ֻܾûзӦȻعʱѾϣҲò
λˣȻ֪λ˭ݴҲյģ
¶¶Ҫժֲִ꣬ӻóһӴ¶¶ϡ
׺͵ļȻʲôҲɽıղ˵ܱأ
¶¶һͻȻֵķ޸ŪȦˣϴŵӣֿ˿ǰķ޶ˣ֪úԼġ

1672 

1672 
ڣ˾ܿΪ¶¶Χ
ףŵ¶¶ˣ
˾¶¶С鿴˾շʷ޶ǽһϲ
ãԼĶӳˣ֪ˣ
ףŵ¶¶
˾ε̾һ˽ǰ˱ĵס
˾壬˾
úúãһĺǣԽԽϲ
˾շʺ˾շе֪˲ԭ飬Ҳ֪ԼӺͲԭ༸˵ĸ飬Ƕ¶¶С
ⲻ˱ɽһҪϱѻͣɽıص˾ռңøһͿδϱ
ף
˾òһԼҪעŻ¶¶Ļδϱô죡
˾ո磬
¶¶ȫ̶취ôϵϾ˾շ˵Ĵұôš
׸ļ°ɣ
ǣǲûгףûС
û¶黹˵ôھͳ峤峤һұ׼񣡡
ۡ
˾շһ仰˵ڣںȲļ˼ˮȫӿһλֻǰ¶ѣû뵽Ȼһ
̫żˣ
żܲżô㶼ʮüˣ㣬Ƕż
˾շ˵ϣ˾ռҵСΪ϶еţʡģڸȴ˷ġ
ӵڶûиţֻ֪ҵ峤ֱһӣӴ򲻳һƨ
˾ճСӸܵӰ٣ҶгϢҵϱܲżȷô
ףʲôʱɻˣɻˣҲſԳɻ飬¶¶СҪ¶¶У
˵⣬˾Ŀ¶¶ϣֵ˵ǰ¶¶С
Уǳɻ飬ҲҪ¶¶ӦſԣҲ¶¶κβԸ顣
һĻǽһĶò˵˾ռȻΪ½һ壬ҽ̺õû˵˾ǫǫӵĵ䷶
ļһıӡ
˾ռҾΪ˿ͥϷˣ
еģǵ˾ռҵǸʲôˣ
֪֪ô
룬¼䲻ˬĿ˾˵Ļ˺⡣
ʱ˾շ֣Լӵļϣһıôĸжˡ
ӣ㳤ˣΪοУΪﲻ㣬¶¶ϱΪ϶ˣ
֮һ仰˾շ˺¶¶˾ϱ¶¶֮⣬Ǳˣ
˾շʰĴָ͵ĿԼĶӡ
аϱ˻棡
ס
˾ͷۣĲ֪⼸길׶ʲôСʱӡеĸ׿һޱȣôڱˡôأ
ˣȥˣ
ҹɫ˾ռ塣
ΪһЩԵʣ˾շʷ޶˾ԼӺúɣǺ¶¶һδò뿪۷ɽϾɽһ¹ص˾ռ壬ԯһ˶ҲǰɽǿɲԯһռȻ
˾˸ĸ۷صСԺ
˾գһʵ⣬Ҳô
ֱ벻׵Ū˾ĸ̻֮صŮӣһΪڵؾ۷֮Уһ쾳
˾Ȼ֪Ҫʲô
˶˵̻֮صŮӣֻΪһЩԭڷ¥׬ǮʱҸױ׷ɱȻ˾ˣ
˵˲֪ϲ׫Ǽ˭ֻ֪ϲԼԸԸŸȤĶ྿ѹͲں
Ŷԭˣ
˾գ鴦ô
˾ռ֮ǰ˾ڼ˾޵еʱ֪һҪҪ˾޵һΡ
˵ˣ峤˵鷿ˡ
ǾУȥϢˣ
۵û˵ˣ·飬ֻȥϢ
ڤҹŽĻص˷У˫ִ˷ڽĵĸš
ʱ˯˹ȥȵ֮Ѿǵڶˡ
ӻۣſڴϵĽľ죬ڤҹ½ǷԼԺһڤҹĻԲˡ
Ϊûչ˺÷ˡ
һവ֮ڤҹСҨһιߡ
ˣ
ſڣζߵʳĵůӿš
ôңҸ軵ô죬ƢͲá
ΪΪķˣΪȻҪŷˣõһжˡ
ˡ
ʱ
˾վ⣬Ŷ˲ţʱѾˡ
λ峤Ѿ鷿Ⱥʱˡ
ã
鷿
˾ռǮѾˣһ鷿װıȻʹҪݻޱȣл鲼ûָĻ鷿һᱻĻ̳ѣ쾳Ҳ޷㡣
峤ĺڤҹѾˡ
˾ڤҹͽĶˣڿ˾޵̧ͷĿ⵭Ŀһ۶ˣʾ£е˵
Ҳүӿе֪˾޵еһЩ飬Լ˵ԸʲôҪ꣬;ϲ˴š
һʱ֮˾޵ǿе飬һ̧ۣڽĺڤҹϡ
СɽԺʱ䣬лλչˡ
˾峤˵Цˣ˾׿ԽҶ˲δʲôչ˲չ˵ġ
ʵѿһҲֱӽ⣬ָкһŷ˾޵ǰعʱ򿴵˾޵зſһ飬ʲôҲʲô󷨣ֻһƽĹ飬Ҳǵе¡
˾޵вδ⽪ĵĿ⣬ŷдݣüԾ
λʲôط˾հ죿
ƺݴ½ƺ
ĽԼ˾հʶĹһһʮ˵˳
˾ްŮ֮ʣΪ˾һ峤˾޵
˾ռҵˣ

йϵô
Ȼ˾һԯһͷҲô˰ɡ
ţڿʼǶ˵ݱ˾ռҵϵȱͣԯһˣҲҪɵ֣
˾޵˽⽪ڤҹԯһ飬һܵѾ˵һУСһǺǵθڣΪļ̳ߣڤҹΪڰļ̳ߣҲ˾ռҪ£ټǳеλ
˾޵ԼĴ㣬Ȼ֪˾޵ô룬ҲҪ˾ռԸԯһ塣
߻ûʲôõġ
鷿Уĺ˾޵һЩ˾հԯ飬ʱһ̱׼뿪˾ռҡ

1673 

1673 
ĴҪߣ
˾޵΢΢üͷĿ˾¶¶ϡ
峤һλֻ·ѣҪɽԺġ
˾Ļشţ¶¶Ƕ˾󣬲֪Ϊʲôе˾޵С
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ǣվӵ飬ҲÿȥǿʲôҲֻˮȻȻˡ
ðɣ·Сģ
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ϣ¶¶໹˵š
˾ո磬˾峤˵ĸоÿֲ
£СʱҲô룬ر峤ǳͷ֣峤ûд˵еôֲϲСӣֻǲڱѡ
˾ǵãԼҪǣǵ׵ݻỵֹ˾ոۡ¶׼ǳԡ
գ峤УҲҪκˣ֪һ߶߶ͣġ
ҪɽԺô
ȻɽԺȥô
תͷһ룬ǣĿȴµϡ
ûĻڵڹԽɽ֮С
£ҪҪȥҲ˳·

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ԽʥĴڣΪŮһ壬Խжĵ
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¸˽ŹŮϵĹϵ
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紫˵еһŮӵǿ
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Ҫڵĵؽ磬ҪԽһƬء
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ѽûɶģò׻һˣ̶һʲôõģ߽һЩ̿ҵĹֿ˲٣
ظ£ȻһϵеĶȤζֶƿԣ۵׶µϲȴС
ΪָʤǰûаȥɽԺǺ֮ǰһһСӵĹͷ
Ϻʶϸһ㣬ĳ϶Ҫʺһ㣬ΪΣһκܳܳĹˡ
ҹɫ岿䡣
Ϊ˻ӭµĻع飬Ҳӭһ˵ĵʢ̻ᡣ
һѤ̻ʣµָָ֣ĺ¶¶
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¿ɲҴĺ¶¶⣬Լ̫ˡ
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ʮϲֵһˣ´ûв֪ģֶдϵӰ
ʲô˵һվ˾һԯһĴսټҵȵȵȵȣôϵĻ˵еķùȥǻʲô˼
̡̬ã
ĴָŴϣȻڴϵϿӡ˺ۼȴûκλۡ
̻һϵʱ䣬ȵڶ죬岿ĸס
ӡУĸǸŮӣҲģСʱĸ׾ѾȥˣǴһֽ
ڴʱһӰȻ֮У²һ׷Ӱ˳ȥ
£ʲôȥ
ж
룬˾Ҳ׷˳ȥֱ׷أһƬɫΧ
СһЩЩж
š
˵ʲô˾˵ȴǼĴڡ
ڣһֱǻΧһ룬һǿϮ¼˵ϣ˼ȫɣһ֮УҪҵһק˳ȫҪ֮гΪһ̲׹ǡ

1674 

1674 
ҵ죬գ
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Ӱʲô
֪ζЩϤ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ӰʲôǹϢȷȷʵʵЩϤСʱһ
СһЩǺӰΧ
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Ѿһοĸһ˾ںӰһϮһ˲䣬£룬˾׷ɢ
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ֳħһǺӰԸٶʧһ˿ա
Ҫ֪ȻǺܾǵѾټϽ˵ؾΪǶؾ۷ĸֶĴϼٸغϡ
ǣһӰȴɵĶĹ
쾳֣
Ψԣ
һξۼһӦʱضᷢΣգһӰԤеʲôתʧڽһյĹ֮ȷϺӰɢ۷塣
ǡô
ʮĿ˾ĸˣϵһζζôŨˣֱȵ滹ҪѬ졣
ϴ裬ϴ˺üҲȥϵζڴṩһЩҩĸϢ
ӶһƤϴˣ
Ҳòȥ
ĸ̱ڵϣǴ֪ϴҲô÷һ顣
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Ӱ˵˺ӰǾ͸׷˳ȥ˵ǺӰΪ֮£
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΢΢üĿ˿ڤҹѲʱؿһӰ
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̣ҶϴһƤˣûζˣ
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ͣһʱ䣬ϵ˶ƽҲƽ£Ҳͷˣ׼ڶ峿뿪ɽԺ
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ŽüԺһڳĻ档
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΢΢ŽüųԵļˣԭſ컹ǽҪȥ
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ͬΪ²δ¶ΪŮһ壬µǰĺ۾һ
۾һ˫īɫĿʼµϣƬ֮󣬲ſ˵һ仰

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۾û룬ĿԾµϣ֮вûκεɱ⣬֮ĸоڸ׵Ĺذ
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ܣŮһʥŮ
ʲôܣѸĺѵףҪȻô
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ǽ˵Լʶ֪మľ
ǽ죬ΪǽһϲķϲЩ߰飬һγŮһʥŮҲµա
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మˣǣΪŮһʥŮǽѾǽ壬Ȼܶ鲢ģŮ巴Զ֮飬ҽչѺ
ղδЭŮһ壬Զߣڶʣ¡
Ϊ۾ŮһĺӣһӵǿѪһбΪܰƽȥ
ŮһĲ䱻幥ΪŮʯղŮһ帲𣬱չ֮ʻصŮһ壬Ȼ壬Ҳȥ
صһɱ壬塣
ϳ֣ǰ˵Ļұ£ΪľڸΪȫĻг
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֪¸ԼߣСһᱻԼϢȾ붾
ô꣬һֱڰػ£ֱԼԼΪˣȥɽԺ
£˵׼
ĿԾº츸ӶǻߣԽԽ
һֱû˵ҲһЩģ飬Ȼлǿ˵ϢȴΪϤ
֮һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ̧ͷ졣
Ӽף
¹ڵϣһӶԸ׵ء
졣
ΪףΪΪ˶ˣѾ㹻ˡ
ŹԼǰ£ǰظŶӵͷ
һĴԼĶӡ

1675 

1675 
£˵ȥš
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˶֪˵µĴ൱Ҫ
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ò˵ǵһοǽݣԭһɫľߣҾжԡ
ֲΪŮһ㣬ԭİ
ףЩˡ
˵ţ¾ƱһԼʵжΪϵĸм
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֪ԼôȻϲ߿ߣɻǷ⡣
ڿӷøˡ
¸һֱɣЩˣټȫڤҹ¥
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ҹɫ֮䣬Ƚ¥ʱֻվھƹݵſڣԶ
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ŮãΪʲôɽԺǰҲֻеŮ֮󷽲֪
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ȥģнĺڣþûģ
ǿаѹⲽ룬ػתƵͷˡ
ң˵һĺ¶أǸҲܽ伸
ôɽԺΪʲôôѪĸ˵ã
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ʱյķŴ򿪣˳
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ʵԶ˵ĻҪأǿı飬ǽ򵥵˵һ˵ȽϺãȻһȥ׷׵ġ
ΪģҪΪϵɵģһǲǿ˵ǶҪ˺֮ڴӳ顣
ʱ䣬ʱ䣬ŮŻ˫ۡ
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СӣǷŭҲҵ氡һʲôô
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Ϊʦջ˵ˣⵤҩЧǺӳȥɣ
Ȼˣȫ˿ڱ鲼޷ĽСҩˮιȡ
ллĽ㡣
ú˯һû¶ˣ
ΪҴ˱ӣ֮뿪ӡ

1676 ͷը

1676  ͷը
뵣ǵģƬ֮󣬻Ǿ鿿֮롣
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룬˵꣬Ҫ֤һҪסԼ
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ѽʦ⻰ô˵ģ߸ô˵ҲɽԺĸˣҪؾеؾҪ쾳쾳и񾳵ĸ֣ʦһǰľɽ೤˵ǲǣ
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ŶȻʦͬһȥĻԼȥˣ
ʼ磬ʾ첻һȥҲУǾԼȥľɽɣʱʲôԤ飬Ǿͺ޹ˡ
Žĵвͷը

1677 Ѿ

1677 Ѿ
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˴˹ͬӦħв½ĸ壬в½ԯһΪ׵Ĵ壬Լԭ½żΪ׵ļȵȣ˵ٸ干ͬӦħҪ顣
ԯһټ֮һƣ˵˾һ˱ضģκڤҹСǾԲý۸ġ
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ЦǣɷߣӾߣ˾ԯ붼˼֡
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Ǵ˵еܰһ޶˹Ҹ˾ҲС
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εҡҡͷҲǴ壬Ǻȴԯҵ֮С
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˵ҵϲĻй֮ԵģͷʱҲȲ֡
û뵽Ȼ䵽˵زҲֻϧˡ
ԯһôЩȱµ飡
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Ǿ仰ľɽ֮ϹNɪȻϷҲԪϼ˶Ҫֱ棬ֵ̫ˣϷҲԸ˺üǧ˵̣
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1678 ˾ħ

1678 ˾ħ
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ںܾúܾǰǽ绹κ磬ǺڼףֻҪУǾаħᱻħһС
أǿΪаħԽԽ࣬һаս֮ʿаħ֮ˣ֮ء
еս֮һ֮Ҳֲǽĸս֮˵İ
ҹɫľɽ
ΪɽһѳɽϵֲܲԱľɽҲΪľɽһĵۣľΪѾ̤񾳣ľɽҲ˵
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СѾͷǵôӦϷʲô
İɣһҪ飬ҺԯһҷһߣҪģ
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˾ռԯѲһһϦԭ˾֮ʱȼ˵һŻ棬ߣԯһɵЩȱ飬Ķԯһûкӡ

1679 Ҫô

1679 Ҫô
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ҵ죡
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1680 ˴

1680 ˴
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ֻҪһͻᳳܣ˵ָ̼Է̬ȾСһ
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ʲô֪
ĪԨԺͲˣʲôö˵ҰοοħٴϮѧԺô죡
ǣŶĻеʲôö͸˵˵˵׼ǻܰʲôæıħЩɾ͵òʧˣ
ҲͬڱϾˣܲҴأ
ǣǣ
һһ޷˵ĪԨ˵ʲô̰֮ı飬ĪԨЦš
λҲ˵ԺûΣϷȻɵý֮
ĪԨȺ˵ô޷Ǿۏˮԯ˵˲²⣬ŵҡ
˵ˣԯô֪Ժ
Ժı޷ǾɱĿҲȻΪǿ
Ȼ˵ûκǶħ˵ȴǿޱȵģǡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĪԨϵЦǽһƦʮ㡢
ѾûˣȺ˽Ժ׳Ρ
ĪԨڳϣ˶ȣ̬ȸǿ
˵Ժıȷʵ٣ÿһӶģλĻȥˣԺǣǸܸʲôǮ˵
Ҫ˵ˣܺĪԨԿҲֻүˡ
ң˵һʹ򣬵ˣ˿ʦֵܵĹϵڶٺݣҲֲָֻš

1681 

1681  
ʦܰϷ˵ԺָǷˣѲɾǸȺӰ˵˸ǵ÷ӣ
ʦְʦҲ֪ǲǸЩ˸ǵ÷ӣȺʵûеطס¶޽ͷʦܻǻĵǵģ
ĪԨĶԻĻصÿһ˶ߣ½ֶ㷢ˣһȻֹס˻
ĪԨԸôɵЩˡ
ʦ֣ʦܿ˵ˣһЩطˮ֣еļѾͣã˴ĻᣬҪҪǮһЩǾԺǮǧ⡣
ĪԨЦţĿһһɨ˵һˡ
ǧʦ⻰˵ľ͹˹Ǵ򷢽лôλɶͷĴ֮ˣں⼸ǧ
ЦţеĲ豭̬ȵȻúܣƺԼ˵ʲôͺĪԨżҳһ
ŶôԭλǴŵӵܣһΪǽֱߵĽлأʲô¶ϲ
ﻰĪԨŸղȺˣԼԯҵĶԯ
ǲ½ԯһ½ľɽ˴Ͱĵ㣬Ūʲô۶ӣҪȻ峤Ҳ뽫Ĵȥ
ĪԨһԻȻҲڿ˵ʲôǹȥˡ
ԯʼһЦ⡣
Ƥһĺ񰡣
ڷ»ܱº͵Цݣɼԯһ֮˵Ƥжôĺ
ţϾԯһ壬Ƥ飬ҪҲǵǿ
Ķԯһѹûʲôӡ󣬵˵ԯһ壬ɵĻԯ׿ûĻԯ׿ҲӦԯˣ˵ĸоȴȫͬ
ˣҲ˵˵ˣ
ʱ½һ˾һ峤˾ջ˿ڡ
˾ջһۣĻΪ˾޵С
Ӷ˳̫ˣֹʲôֻ˾ջ˵ĸоһ˾޵иϳǳȵĸо
糤ô峤һģ
ҲʳԼʣ˾ʼ
Ҵ粻ú峤񣬾ƢҲʮģСʱҾ´磡
ȻҲ¡
СʱͶ飬緣Ļ滹Ŀ
˾ջ˳һɫ˹īڹ̶ţɾһָǲı䡣
ҲΪˣ˾ջǿ޷
վ˾ջǰԯȫȫѹס֮ȻǴӵܣûκοɱԣϵơ
ӣ
½˶ϰ˾ջΪӣΪΪ˴Ǹ˾ջ֡
ǰ˾ջĿ⵭ɨһۣƫƫûпԯĿȻ
˾ռԯ˵Դ˾鿪ʼȺ㿪ʼһս֮ã˫˶ʧء
ĵ˵ĵ֮£ǩԼҵĺƽꡣ
˭֪ĺƽǼѣһ֮ìܻһαʱɾͲ˾ռԯսǲ½Ͳ½սǽ綼һȷѪꡣ
Ǹʱ򲢲ڡ
˵ĿͳһԾħ
ħѾ֣ɳħǰѧԺɱ޹֮ˣ˵
˾ջһ仰ˣħɱǺ˳ѧԺĿֻɿֻŶѣΪΪıصȵȡ
˵ֻҪ˵ģǶϣ
ԣǶӵģ
ǣ˵ʲôǶ
ͦԯһӵȺ˷׷׵꣬ȫӭ˾ջ
ЦţСȺ˻һȺ͵ǽͷݡ
Ӧħ⣬Ҳȥ
˿ˣ
ţǳȥɣ
Ҳûɶ˼ˣֲĿ֮ԯҲȺˣ뿪۲Ϊ
Աòã
ãΪʹȥ
ڤҹǣŽĵ֣ʧĵ۵ĴУ˾ת¶¶һȥԱɺãôȵ¶¶ҲЩˣͷӦ
ţҲǿ뿪ˣ̣뿪ĵۣҲһֱһĵһ
ӿʼղţһֱڹ۲ͽ̬ȡ
С˶κξٶҪڵһʱֹ
˵ȺˣҲߣһҲضһ˵
ǣٿ˴ᣬôһãǶˣƴһΪҲñ뿪һڤҹǼһ
ɲħûǰȺڤҹУʱһָֻǷ
߸˷׷뿪ĵۣɽµС̯λ
Ϊı˱Ϲ֭һЩĽ֭
Ǳܺóԣϧһʱ̳Բˣ
һӱڳ֮ˬĸоӿ˲ٿȡ
ڽ¶¶Ǻ棬ʲôǱܣܺóô
Ľ㣬ʲôǱܰ
ܰģģҪ޻һھͻữĺö
ôأóԾͶˣ
ڿ͵Եıǽһ񫣬࣬С㳤Ҳÿ
ҪٳٵܣҲֻеһĻ֮ȥʮһˡ
ܣ綼ˣֵã
һӱƺԵе̫ˣˣȫɵһ䣡
һԵЦţЦмΡ
Ҷ֪ԼĿǸ˵ੲݣ
ǵ͹ԼҲԼûж֣ͻỵȫ̵ļƻ
ģһиһʱ
ı֤ǻ帶ӦеĴۣԲʹ˰ݵġ
һʱֻΪ˸õĽһƻѡ
ȵ˻صջĺԺѾϵʱˡ
ĪԨԺһߺžһŰĵ˵һЩ
ǲ֪ԽԯԽ˳ۣҪǿڶʦϣһȥ֪ʲôǹˣ
ĪԨıƢ޴йֻøԼһƣͷһ
˵Ҳ֪ԯڹȴŪСƺӡ
Ҫǵʦǰǣ˵ģַӻԯʡ
ˣ㶼ʱˣһé®Сһƽϣջ˸Сһѵģ
ȷҸȷԯһٽѵ˭
ȾƺȾƣ
ʦҲ湻ŵģȾƣһò˶׼Щ̲ң
ӵ̲ˣʲôⰡ̲ܲõĻһ̻Ҳʣ¼ˡ
һ仰˵úãϵúòϵɣ仰¶¶˵ȴ쳣ۡ

1682 磿

1682  磿
ѽ¶¶ˣĪԨʦ¶һ֣ɽԺĻʳԺȲ˵ģ
Ϊ仰¶¶˳ʼһٵæΪ˲¶¶һ̫ۣ˾Ҳæ
һᣬһӲȲӣȻʲôʰζˣȴʳָ󶯡
ƣƣѾͷһԱԺʳô󺺺õöˣһ
ٵģ
ĪԨţſӼһ⣬ڵһɲǣ·𿴵˼ɾһ
ǺĪԨҹѾƸ߸裬ŵļ˯˯ȡ
ա
ˣǰ¶¶¶ˣ
һص˶ߣһ¶¶¶֣ץڤҹСܵɽ²ԶС
˵˾¶¶һжʮ˵ʱ򣬲ԭ۹ޱȡ
Ⱥ˿ǲҪԼݸ߹ΪԼΪΪô
˵ǸСһжʮˣֻˣЩ˶ˣҪļֳ֣Щ˶ҪС
ʲôˣ
֪ϵţԼһϢӦòѰˡ
ΧΧֵһһҲ˿е֪һЩϢ
¶¶ҪһЩŮõĶ˾ı¶¶һ뿪˿ջû뵽۷;ˡ
ܺãҴǲԭע⡣
ʱһӰԼٶȳ֣һźݺݵϣֻ˾һ߷ɣײϣһѪ³
һſ˵þ˿ûд˻
Ȼǲԭˣ
˫ۣ˫ȭŭĿǰˣϸ֣ʱ˿Բԭ˵жʮˣвоֵĴڡ
˭ȻҴˣ
ľǣ
뱾Ϊ𣬵һֱţЩȻ¶¶⣬ȥļƻƻģһ־Ǹɣ
˵ٴγȺУһȭһȭ£ݾȭͷϣǽһѪȡ
º˾Ҳս֣ĵжԶʮˣԭĸ˲ûд·磬Ķʮ˱ĸ˴޴롣
ӣǶһȺҰˣ
ΪһȵҲŭˣǲĿԼһɱ˫ֽӡٻ״ˡ
䣬Ļû˭οڸҪĶ֡
ߵ¶¶ߣ¶¶˵һ仰¶¶վŤŽָڽָķΧڣ˶ʧȥΪΪͨˡ
Ҫ׵Ҳˣ˼ζʹֱݺݵһȭͷ
ʧȥΪ£˵һȵĴڡ
ܲΪ
ȥ
һӶȭͷ˴ڵϣһȭһȭ£ҪĳϳڽָΧʩӡ磬ȺĶʮ˾ҪĴˡ
ϣ
£
ĳŭԼˣŹߵǰһ¶¶ָϵĽָһЩ
λСѿɽԺĵӡ
ǡ
׼ȭ峤ϵʱ򣬽ĳֹ롣
߲һ㣬벻Ƕ֡
ǰߣ˫ָ쳣
˼ǲΪŹˣ
峤Ͽ˵ȷˡ
컯Ǭ˾ȻɽԺԭĵӲ죬Ҫ֪ǲԭĵӶǺܵСġ
һĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϣĿߣȴǶ˶ԡ
ΧһԵ·˷׷׵ͷǵӭϽ˵ĲԭӵСǵͷȶֵϢǸСȻСδȻͬ⣬Լ˶Сδˡ
Ⱥû뵽Сδˢӣڱ֮ͬ飬˻Ǳ˵СδҲˡ
һҲĻ棬Ҳֻ˵ȺܣӲ磬ã
峤ʱҲһЩϢ֪˵ɣܱ忴ǶԷңû뵽ԷȻɽԺԭˣĵӡ
ȷʵòԣλҲҲˣ
ţ峤ϵ˼Ī˵ôˣ
΢΢üߵĻЦ
УĳϣֻǺ󱲲˵ʲôȻˣʦɣ߰ɣ
Ĳ峤κηĻᣬ¶¶תߣߵɴࡣ
峤ɵɵվԭأŽʧеһˣɵſˮɭɭ
õʱڵĿջͱһǿӲݻ˴š
Ϊ׵˲ǱˣɽԺԺ졣
ӳɣ˵ϷϷʱ֣ҪȻϷ飡
һŭصջУһԿֵͽջΧ㣬ǽһʵʵܲ͸硣
ԲۣɣɽԺԺˣ
ǻмôԭļ˿ɽԺԺĵӣԼͽܱ۸ˣʦܲһعô
ǣɽԺԺǵͻӵˣ˺ͽܣһкϷˣ
У峤ӳɳǵС
һŭֻǣӳε̾һ
Ժʲôˡ
ʲô磬ŭ磬̫Ϣӵͽܣӵͽܣǲǲˣ
ŷϢ޿ɱ⣬ȫȫѹ峤ӳɡ
ӳȻĵλĸߣ컹ҪСһģҲ֪Ƣ
˵ϻģҲֻ峤ʹˣƫƫʱ˿峤ʹϻڡ
һ亹˳ӳɵյ̧ͷӳһο졣
ȷȷʵʵ˵ĹͽѾѵˡ
ѵ㿴Ϸͽܴʲôӣ˼˵ѵˣϷͽһС磬ŵŶҳ˵ɣҪô
С£
磿
ǲˣ翴Ļ涼ǻþ
һȭһǽ磬ĵжԶʮǽеС£
ɽԺԺǲ˼
ɽԺԭļ˶絨Сµʲôô

ԼͽܣӳҲסˡ
ҲӦԵķӣ˫ַöָÿһöָжž޶ĲǸˡ

1683 ۸Ϸ

1683 ۸Ϸ
˿峤ӳɾȻ˫ַöָҲ³öָ涼װʲô
ҲǲɽԺ׼ȷһ˵ǲүӡ
ڱ˵ʵϰǸԵ̵ɽԺԺ
ǵ֪һ飬Ժ߸Ӹ򵥣ǺΪҵһϲ¶¶Ҳ챦Ҫľ¶¶߸ֻ
ǿǴ˵Զž޶˵ʵǵʶʶ׳ʲôӡ
ĳ⣿
ЩǮֻǸ߸Сѹѹ֮һɷϣ
Ҳ˵öָеǮֻǸ߸СʳԵģڻʲô鱦˱㲻ö֪ˣҲȥ֪
ĵľһ᲻ǰЩˣ
öָ֮תȥҲ֪ûʲôֿˡ
ǰɣ뿪ʱһ仰˺֮ġ
ԭǣϷΪɽѧԺԺԭ壬Ǽͽܲԭһ¶ˣΪŮѺ
ӳһ仰һסˡ
ٻɽԺԭ߸ˣǸˣֲһͷһԭˣ
ϣҪҪȥϺ峤
žһӳɺݺһƴ˵ϣһƿͷۻ֪Լʲôطˡ
Ǹɵĺ£ǽˣϷҪǵ
ӳ亹˷ֽʣдһ˴ز壬鿴ֻ峤Գܽˡ
ϣô¶
ǻǲͣΪʲô˵Ļ֮¶ֲı飬ⲻ硣
߸ϣһǿߣΪνվȻЩˡ
֪ƨ
ӳɲȺ̸ΪȺץŮҲû⣬ϾµȵȺֻû뵽ŮȻɽԺǣϵ
УҪ峤ľɽҪȻȺ޷뿪ľɽˡ
Ǽͦˣӽ쿪ʼ˭Ҳ׼뿪ջǳȥĻõϷ׼ǣ
֪˳ϣ
Ȼ֪ʲô飬ҲŽ߸˵ʲôȻǵ峤
һߣصĺԺ첢ûнöָĵˣԺɢɹ̫ļˣ˼
ǸʲôǵϷѾˣѾ֪ԼĴ󣬲޻Ǹ
ǸΣôصĴ̼Ǹܽô
ɲӦҪ帶ۣܰװ׵衣
ţϷѾ֪ˣǻôϷҲڴǸʲôҪûʲôôϷȥ˯ˣ
ү׼뷿ŵʱ˾һ˷ǰ
Ҫɶ
˾סȥ·쿴˿ˣתͷֿ˿ʼٸ߽ġ
СѾͷҪɶ
ûɶүûǵĶѽ
һĨЦ⸡ϣĴŹǷߵߣëȻı鿴졣
үӣԼ֪ɣһ˵Ǹʲôĸֵʱ򣬾ʹˣ
԰ʦ㻹һ˵ǸʲôǲʲôǵʱŻô飿
²֪ʱ࣬ɭɭЦſˮ
⼸С˶ôﾫѾֵĹˡ
ûаǸǸΪʦôƭǣǷҪǷһָϷգ
ŶԭǽָҲЩָ֮һо޶ĿĲ
թԼͳ
һͽЦЦı飬εĽ½öָ˳Ǳһί߹һΪ߸۸һ
Ϸźȵƣ˵ˣɽԺ÷°㿴˼ԺԣɶˣɽԺôסª˵ʦ豸ϣ㿴СԬݳʲôˣô
ʦԬ֮ˣΪǨǨȥȻɽԺԺǻɽԺĻԬϣԬϲôݵģ
еĽָһһĿ˺ôſ۳
ΪʦһָɣҲôǮΪʦǷһ°ɣ˵ˣΪʦˣʱĳԺǲԲȣΪʦôҲɽԺԺĪԨϲĿЦǣ
ǧ˵Լôô࣬˻Ǻеöָ
ſյ˵ģ죬ǿ
ǣǣһȺӣϷ򵱳Ϲ۾ǣ
оԼҵʦͽ۸˵Ǯ
¶¶죬׼ԼһݵĽָ죬ȥȣڸָһ̣˾ֹ¶¶ľٶ
¶¶֪ɽԺڲ½ǮĴڣԺҲȲ֮һ
Ϊʲô
¶¶Ȼ֪˾˵ʲô˼ʲô½ǮԺɽԺԺҲȲ֮һ
ȥԺģסԺķӵģɽԺķӺԺסլֱûȣǽʳҲûпɱԡ
¶¶֪ɽԺǲ½ڼ幩ѧԺÿÿ嶼Ҫó൱һֵĲɽԺΪľɽԺõԼҵ˲š
˾¶¶ֱ׵ĻɽԺΪλǲ½ǮĴڡ
ԺǮòϣЩǮԺ⻻ġ
ɽԺǮ˵ŵȸ͵УɽԺʣʮˣ½ϵĸ廹Ҫÿ궼
ǰ꣬ʮ꣬ÿꡣ
˵˵ǲ½ǮѧԺһȻɽԺ
¶¶ģʦκ˶ǮֻʦΪ̫ţûԼǮˣ
˾£㱻һٵİۣǽһ
⣬ЩǮǹҵǮôþҪǮô׼·ҪǮôǲҪǮô궼ҪǮÿ궼ҪķѾ޶ĿΪӵǮǴĲɣ
Խ˵ԽԽԽȺûĵ⣬һת˷š
ʦô
үûôС¶¶㷽ĽӲôҲˣǿ԰ɣ
Ļո£ԭغϵľű򿪡
ϷˣϷҲҪԽӣ
ò˵¶¶պܰ˾ˡ

1684 ùԯ

1684 ùԯ
ɽԺİ˸˳ŽӺСôӦʱĺԺſˣ˾ջ˽
˾ջߵĳɲһžŵ˽ӵζ۾˲ų˹âһƨԣеĿӳ
ͷô㣿ɶʱģ
ѽϷҲǸոյôóԣ˭Ľӣ
үүҰĽӣϲԾͶһЩ
¶¶ԼûгԵһø˳ɲԼλ˳˾ջ¡
˾ջһ¶¶Եĵ˵ͷ¶¶λϣҲ˾ԡ
˾Сͺ˾ջ߱Ϣ½
磡
ţ
һ˾ջ¶¶ݹ¿ӼŽҲǺܺθڣо͵顣
磬Ǹʲôôˣ
ʳ޲ΪֽĶô
ԲۣǿޱȰ
˾ջһ仰ŪԱߵļҲĬĳֱӶԹˣһʣ
һڲˮڣ˾ջĿһο¶¶˾
ǲûж˾ռҵ
˵Ǽ飬ǷģѾҹĳˣһһĽ͡
뿪ջ󲻾ã˾ջҲڿջ档
ڻܹͨ죬˾ջÿһӳ
ձ˵˾ջǺ󱲣Ƶ챲ֶͬˣĳҲòɫĵǸ
峤ӳҲ뵽ǰߣ˾ջ֣Ϊͬ鷳
Խ뵽ˣӳԽϣ峤Ͽ֣ǰʲôˣ֪Լֵܼܲסˡ
лģһᴦõġ
ţǰ㣬Ϊֲţɲ˵ĳɳ֮ΪֶЩġ
˵䣬˾ջ¶¶
Ϊ˾ռδٷˣ˵ûκΪȻϲˣеõ峤ϿɣҪʼռס˾ռδٷ˵ݡ
˾ջ仰Щˬڳɲһ߽ͬ룬û仰¶¶
仰˼ǣ¶¶Ϊ˾ռδٷˣ˭ʹ˭Ժ˾ռţþκˣ
Ŷô˼
Ҳѹ֣˾ջΪ˾ռҵĴӣ˾޵в࣬˵ķʽҲһޣûʲô˼Ļ˲
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ǣҸұ֤Ҫ磬Իһʱ
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Ȼ˾ռҸǳڱϾ˴׶ΣǻҪעһЩϱ̫ˣ
֪ʦǾԲץסСӵģ
壬Ȼԯһ壬ľɽԲֶde
ҹɫľɽĺԺԺڣĪԨȾơ
ڼ仹˵һ¹ħ飬ʲô˾Ͳϵˣڸϵô㣬ôȻˡ
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ջ⣬˽ʾ֭Ű취
ǴҡڵĽȥһ˿࣬һҪһȫ֮ߣ
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ʹӸûȣһһ£
ȵȣԯôڵĿջ
ʹ˿ʼ˼Ƭ֮µóһ˶ͬĽۡ
Ϊ˾ջһ棬֪ԼʲôĽѣ˾һѾǽˣԸϿվӲ
ܺ˾һ忹Ҳֻԯһ壬ǺǰһĻ鰸ԯͼ̸
أһĨЦ⸡ڽĵĴǣǾ仰ô˵ţ̤Ьٴȫѹ˵ǰĻ档
ߣ·ϴȥ
ʱջ棬Ѿ̸峤ӳɹԯ޲ýԼϣΪԱ
ŽʧеԯԭһЦӳɺݺݵһ̵
Ҫõ㣬ôô
˵ͱӳɱһС֮֮ȥͷߺ޲ѣǻǾ仰峤֮ǰҪҵһöɽԺӦ˾ռҡ
õѡȻԯһԯ
뿪ջԯǰӵ׼صԼ齵סլԯִ壬ÿһжԼŵ㡣
ԭ߸ȥ·͵ԯϹ
׼ȷ˵ǲԭÿһ˶ԯǳֻǽĺڤҹѣǲԭļͲͬãĵ¶ǵ¶ĵĳ˾ǵĳˣͻһ
һƬɭ֣ҹɫ֣¹ϡϡҶϣΪҹ˼ֹĸо
ӣǰթ
ǣӵ뿴˭ôĵӸԯ
֪թԯΪԯһĶӣС
һӣʾ̤ɭ֮ڣеĻץ֮Է
ⲻ֪ԯ̤֮ʼĽȫֱͬرĸݡ
濴֮󻹿Կɫǽ֮ڣŵĺɫħ붾ϢǿԯĸҲⶾħʴʧȥǡ
£԰
Լзö˵زĶӣ
Ҳڤҹ֮²뵽ģʼղڤҹ֮һ
֪Լڤҹ֮Ĳ࣬ݲĲࡣ
ڵ̶ȣѾ˸ˣԼΪĲϽõĲٿضıԼڲ
յ˵ĻҲһ£ǴԺ֮ٲݣֲҩĻ˵ҩЧǿǲ˯һʱҩЧڵĻµĽָг˯ţ֮ʲôʲô˭Ҳ֪
һߣ󷨣ħͶ֮£ԯһ˻δҵ׾ѾͦˣȻǲɱԯҲԯù
ߣ
ţ
˵ʱʱ죬˲䣬ʧɭ֮У߸˵ȥħҺʧֻʣһصԯһʮˡ

1685 വ

1685 വ
գľɽɽеĿջ÷з˵ʲôֹˣеĻԯĶԯ
һʮʮ٣ԽԽае˵ԯľɽɽҲе˵ԯħԻǣҲе˵ԯǿŮӣŮȴǺ汾˵˵硣ֻ벻ûġ
ĺԺڣʼٸߵ߸Ųͬİ汾һϵʱѾ飬С鶼ˣ
ǿдԯס֮Ȼ·ˣ
뿴Сϻŵͼɵüͷ
ܼ˵еİ汾жԯһĶһЩǵ·ǵĸɸɾԯһ˵Ļľɽĵʿ
ǵʿһ糿㿴еԯͬʱɽժҰ˵Ҳԯһļˣ
ף⻭Ҳ̫ˣ
Щʲô
¶¶ҪȥСϵͼȴ˾סˡ
Ůˣ۾
СϵͼȷȷʵʵЩŹۣҸͬİ汾Ϊ˲ȤζĻ棬ٶ˲˵Щ˿˶᲻˼
һϵĹԯԯһľɽľɽ¼еؤ˵汾Ĺ¡
Ź˶ã»ᴫ½Ư½ϣԭ½ϣʱǽ綼֪ԯĹˡ
ǣ
ΪڤҹĻУһ߿ŹһŹӡ
ͬ˵һԯʮ˻֮δһľٶÿһ涼˵Щ˱εһɶڶ췢ǵʱЩ˵ϻӶ˶ٸٸӰ
޷粻ˣ³Ӧ뿪֮󣬶Ȼ˷ԯˣȻ顣
ô˵ԯ֪֪ԭҰ֪֮ûеˡ
ԯǶ˶ˣҵ뿴ʲôҪôԯԱ
˴ϣŽǰĵܵĴ֣ǽд嶼ڳΨԯҵĶԯ
ԯ˵һ仰˵ԯ˺壬μӻˣǴ
ôΪ˺壬Ϊԭ򣿡
ڳȻǽĴ壬ԯһȻǿΪǿӲԵʹĶ࣬ҲͱⲻЩץסݺݵԯһ
ȻʮҲҺԯһֱӲأòԯѿǻǿԵġ
˵żҵļżҼ˪ȻһŮΪףڻԭ½Žǰʮĸ֡
ңżԯѹЩ壬ˣżҺҲǹʽĳҲͳͳԯҵͷϡ
ŻнһԻ
żʲô˼
ԯ˫ŭ˪˪һЦѹͲںԯһв
ʲô˼ҵ˼ľɽ¶Ѿˣ˵ԯӱԻأ˺ýѻ飬ǲЩ̫ʧˣ
Եģ˪ԯһ壬żѹͲԯһ壬ǰˣԾˣʲôµģֲûбԯһ˹
ңһ˪½ĿҲǺ˾һΪľ˾һó׵׵Ĵѹԯһ壬ô򵥡
ô˵Щ峤ݲԯѹͿȺˣ
ôܰһ峤ΪСӦǣ峤һˣλǰ
˵ĲǱˣǽġ
£ģ¶¶룬˾¼˷׷ǰ֮С
ε̾һЩС˶ܸ¶
ҲǣǴһԼҲкôġ
ιⲻɽԺԭҰ༸ôϻǰʮϷûǵøǰ䷢Ʒأ
ĪԨúܣϵһǰ⼸С˵ɵĺ¶Ȼ֪оԭΪʲôһͽ벻˸ϵ
ΪԺԺյ˵Ӧò飬˭⼸С˶ʦֵͽܣʦǳĻӣҲҪ⼸С˵ʲôͣȻҺԯһŸɡ
ɽԺѧһĵӣˣǱϻǰʮˣ
һһϢ˵Ŀⲻɵ˽ĵ˵ϡ
ֻ˵ɽԺһεıлʤ߸˰˱ǰ
ԭ߸˰ԹӢ۳꣬η
ɽԺԭҰӼλǰλǰʺˣ
ģ£룬˾¶¶˫ֱȭΪϵ̬Ⱥ޹ıĵ۴еǽ֡
ȻгޣԯһгޣǣȺȴ޳Թġ
ңλУ൱һֵĸʮᷳԯһ壬˵ĵ˾ѣȻܽ£һжԯһ壬Ҫһ׽öԷԭҰһõӡ󣬵ʱǺԯ巢ìܵʱò֣һԿϷѾ㹻ˡ
ȻԯĲһ˶ԭҰ⼸൱͡
һΪɽԺԺͽܣǰձ˵˶ƽЩӷǵûгԼݺΪǿˣ̬˹вòøС
ȻӢۣɽԺΪŵѧԺ
治ССͱΪãǲ½иˣ
ż棬һǾΪ˵ߣԺ½ǽ̵ǿͽܣǽĸˣ
һһĿţ֮ʶ಻ʤҲеĻûеģͿ䣬Ѽ˵̧ø߸ߵģͬʱν̵з֮ĻĽļϵЦݶˣɻҪ΢Ц
λǰˣֻɽԺé®ߣʦ̵ǣǲ½½ǻԭ½λǰĥѵǿߣұѧϰĿģ
£ҵ˭ᰡʲô˵ʲô
УԯһһȺԵôΡ
λǰ˴ᣬҵȼ˶㲻ǰˣ
˵ţ˸ĽһվǱ鵭ȻûΪЩ޽
̬ȸ壬ͽܣضǳɴ֮ˡ
ңҲҪ⼸Ӣźøϵ˵׼պӴǣҪõȺأ
ÿһ˶ÿһ˵С˼̧ͷһ˫ţЦԯǣЦ֮еĳжôŨˡ

1686 

1686 
վ˴ڼ䣬Ķ۲ԯ˵ı飬ԯһȻǿ˽еЦ⡣
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôоһֲ룬ǰ⼸еĹϵȥҪͶһ£һ⼸˵ĵϸ
ʱ˿̵ԯһ˲δĵ˷УߵԯһΪǵĴڻһУʲôжԳҲǰˣʲôֶΡ
ǣǷˣһԯһǳ˴
ľɽСﶼԯ˵ͬ汾Ĵ˵ǽһ𱬣˵ǽʱߵ鼮ᣬջе˵ҪŷĽ£Ϊԯӵשһ
˴ϵݲԭ˲ģܿԯһ˳Աڸ˲ˣοԯһ˶ΪľɽЦôİΣ
˵ԯĻ鼴ˡ
صĺԺʱѾˣ쿴˿ǰļˣĪֵľٶһΪԯԼûз֮ԲУǱ˿ǼΪĻⲻ鷳
֪ˣ֪ˣүô
ţ˵һϷ򶼲ţ
ǹϵҡҡͷʾԼμ˲ǳ۶ӣȷţԯһһĿ϶壬ŷܵӦеĳͷȺ˾Ͳǲԭ߸ˡ
ʱ峤ӳɴżĺԺУһһһӵĽ鱦
Ľ鱦νݻȭͷôҹкüӵʱ򣬹â˸ۡ
峤ʲôô˿ô񣡡
ԺгԳԺȺԯ飬˱㿴ӳһ˶ĵСĿһ汦һĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
֮ǷһЩᣬŮ飬ǸȷȷʵʵֵľٶѾϷˣ
˵ţӳɴһӣʾ˽Ҹ߽ĵˣѾݺݵĽѵˣϣõ˵ԭ¡
ЩǸﻹ£ɮ濴棬ô˵ڱ˴˫վͬһϵˣͨɡ
ܰ˵ЩǮƵģ
Ľ룬Ҳһı˫ֶżһڻ֮
Ӧǹˣ
Сܣһ仰Ϸˡ
ӳѾˣǰ嵱ǸˣҲŮֲֳڼǵʱ˴ˡ
һ仰Ҳӳ³һʯͷ
ЩǸӵƷã屣֤һϸȻˣϷҲڴˣ͸ˣ
£ӳɴתȥֻӳ뿪֮һһȭϣֻһȭʯͷӱƬ
Ӧǹˣ滹һ仰û˵ꡣ
仰ӦùȺ˵Դˡ
ʼգ붼ûŶŹȺˣǻ˳Ǻأ
ÿÿ뵽ܵЩ裬ŭ˷ӿҪһ˿Ǹ벻Ҫ嶯һɼƻͳڵĿջȺʬˡ
ȻˣвҪĵ
ȻЩǮЩǮôȴڱĵط
˾գľɽĳкһʲôĵطֻҪ˽ǮͿκε顣
Ŀ˿Щ鱦̧ͷ˿˾Ҫ˼˵Ȼס
ӲǮͨ壡
ҺڤҹȥٶȻԯʱҲʲô۶ӵ
ԯԼѾԯһˣʱ塣
һʱ֮󣬽ĺڤҹҹĻжǰľɽٽĳзѳǡ
˵ľɽھ˴ᣬǾľɽĳзѳȴһǳҵĻ֮ǣڻҵʲô̶ˣÿʱʲô鶼Բѳǵš
в֮ʿԸָĽѳǣΪľ÷ѳǱ峺紾ӵĳУǲôŬԾޱȵı뺷գ񾳵ǿҲ˷ѳǡ
ԣѳǳ˻֮ǵͷ֮⣬һֱĳС
ѳǵʱѾʱ֮ˣҲһĨǰס
ĺڤҹװһ£źɫĶԼʵڸ
ϾʱڣǵǲԯȺˣ˾ȫɱ˺ˣǣɽԺĿǰ˵һ±ȽϺãһ²һ¡
Ƿѳǵɱ֮أͬҲǲ½ǽ֮ء
ÿһ½϶һӪĵطǲ½Ϊײеĵط֮һ
źɫ۵Ľĺڤҹڲеʱһ˲䣬԰ټƵĿˢˢˢڶ˵ϣֻҪκεľٶĸұ֤һٰѱӰз
ĽһֻԼԼ
ǰڤҹڽ˲ǰ̨
ǰ̨ϣһģεŮӻżΪ޵ױ´Žڤҹˡ
λʲô¶ô
Ȼ¶
ʲô¶˵ǿǺæģ
ŮǲҲǽӴ֮ˣ˲ҲǧÿһҪôǴٹ֮ˣҪôǮˣҪô֮ˡ
ǰһһŮϵĺⲢŨң΢΢ʲôˡ
Уֽûǣǲɱģɲġ
Ȼ֪ЩǮɹ
ɱһеĹأֻҪ㹻ĽǮҲȥɱ
İһöָ˵Ŀ׷׾ۼڽָ֮УŽһӣָ治Ľ鱦ϵӿ糱ˮһ㿴ۻҡ
ü΢΢һ壬µɨһЩ鱦
ǮԽ࣬ҲʹԽǼѡ
ǲľе
Ǯǲ٣˵ɣɱ˭
壬ľɽһɸҽ񡣡
ɫ֮£ЦŲ޵ŮʮֵĸҲǸ֡
˼Ƭ֮󣬽һöľʵƷϡ
Щ㹻ʮ˵ͷͬˣڵǾͳɽ֮ڽɡ
ţЩ˿塣
ʯǽҲûʮİܽӳһɱϾΪټһĶ֣Ȼ˳ԯһ
ԣί˲òɱ֪壬ҲǣɽԺ

1687 ˼

1687  ˼
ʲô˴᲻ģǾûаϵˡ
һľɽҪȺ
ѣǲֲûɱ֣
£һɫӰ˳˱ŵһβһȴһª
Ŀ⿴һ۽ˣһӣһӵĽ鱦һöָӸ
λǲίҲ²ؼǲóľǴ飬ģڽ㶼Һˣ
ݣǱݺز˲˹˶Ϊһʮˣ֮ʣĸԴˣ˲
ճ˵ɱֲӦôֱ׵ĸҶݣĪںʲô壿
ӻ湻ģİɣԼ鶼æýͷöǶ壬֮⣬Ϊ˱֤֮˳񣬲󻹻׳ʮ쾳ɱЭ
ʮ쾳ɱ֣
쾳ǿ߾Ȼڲܲײһ洦ɼһץһѣ
ҲҪܾĴҲһ鷳顣
ãȻˣ㽻ˣ
죬ҪڽǮǲһһΣҪȻһԱɣһίǲɱ˭Ļܸλۣ
Ц˵ţĵҲӻóһöָ
ָжǮûӦиʮĲ˰Ա֮⣬ʣľ͸λֵɿڵľƲˡ
ˬϲ˽ѣ˵ĻͲˣ
˵Ҳϲĵӣ²Ϊ죬δӶܺüΣ۾գóֱʵĽǮҲǴˡ
һѶһɽ˭Ǯأ
֮󣬽ڤҹ뿪˲εڷѳǵĻҽֵϡ
˵ǻ֮أǱ˵ĳУɻв˶ѳ
ѳǳ׼Ĵͽ֮⣬ҲĴҼӵѳǶԼֻǱǽ˴ˡ
߰ɣ
ţ˿ɶˣ
һ·ʲôûгԣڤҹĵĿŽġ
е㣬Ҫǳ극ٻȥ
ãǰһҿջ
˿ջٽߵλϣ˵ѳǻǳģջʳȴѵõζ
ȻΪͨļҳˣÿһСȴȻͬζСĻ˵Щ˶Լҽģҽ԰ӵˮɶȪˮʮѵõĶȻǮôҲȻȱļҿջһЩ
ſɿڵķˣΧҲ֣ҲֻΪԭѪɺӣջеʳֻǰĳԷֵĻγĶԱȡ
ˣϲԣ
ɰɣҲȥˣȥ
֪ڤҹҪʲôûʱȥʳʦôһô뿪ľɽѾмʱˣȥҪʱ·Ǳˣϵʲô
Ǿ仰һ²һµĺá
ãȵľɽ˻֮ΪҪƵķ
˷뿪˿ջһθʱ·Żصľɽֻٻصľɽ֮ǰ·һ¹ӡ
¹վ·м䣬ƺûпԽԽۿҪװˡ
ڽһƻӳ˵ϣǰʮűⱻײ
ʶô
ڤҹ˫ŲԶİˣԾģ֮ȴ൱ơ
ѽôôԴףǰʱĺԺ⣬Һ¶¶˵һ˾ԯ飬Ǳлѣ
֣żڤҹգôôԴס
ССĲĻڤҹ˻صĺԺΪľɽ˴ĹϵѾĵ۴˺üʱһֱڻûл
Ľ㣬ˣ
ţүӻûлô
ⶼˣ׷ʲô飬ôûл
ûУʦȥһˣСү˵Ϊħ鷢˷磬һ˵ҪһҪԲӦ䡣
үô˵
ǾԾƶһܺõİ취
Ͼǽض̫಻Ԥ֪Σ˭Ҳ֪һᷢʲô
ʦĪԨǰûѡκεӪҲΪˣŻὩֵڻûг֡
˾ռҵô˵
Ϊ½һ壬˾ռҪǱ̬鲻Ǻܼ򵥵Ľô
Ҳû˵ʲôһֱţҲ֪һԿ϶ԯҲУ
ȻôҪĻ飬ԯڹ˼۵𲻿¶Ļ˴Ȩ˾ռУԯһ˿ɲ뿴淢
ԯɱҲɵز
ǵôˣ
µǵĿһ۽ĺڤҹ뿪֮˳ĺԺ⣬Ҳȥ˵ٶ̫죬׷ϡ
˵˳ĺԺǣ
ţ˾¶¶һװǶ˵ӣһָӣ
Ϊ˲ģ˾¶¶һر任ˣڶ֮ǰ˻
ɿ˵òˣ
ò
üͷҡҡͷ
òû壬еҿǸ˵ֱһߣߵѳһ𣡡
ȷѳһ𣬲İѳ
һ£ǷȷԼ˵Щ
ȷ
µͷǾ仰Ȼûп˵ʲôӣһ˲ȴ˺ֱϵͼڣȷȷʵʵһߣߵϽѳ
ôˣѲ֪Ǹ˵ݡ
˼
Цţóһûƣǲơ
֮ϵͼһߣϽžŰѳ
⣬ǲ
ɱָͬǽɱַΪŵȣͶ˵ȣ߼ɱǾŵȡ
¿ǸɱӦǲ쾳ڵɱ֣ûĻӦòֹһ
ίв壬û뵽Ҫǡ
ô
֮⣬Ӧûǽ𣬲ԣһԯ塣
Ҳ֪ҪСģЩ쾳ɱֲǺǵģˣһҪ¡
ģ
˵ʱĺԺűˣֻĪԨһֵǰ
̸ȵģϷˣҪǿڶʦϣϷһԯǸˣ

1688 Ůʯ

1688 Ůʯ
˲ûиܵĪԨ˵ŭͬүһķˡ
үӣ׷ʲô飿
Ĵûģ˲棬˴Ϸʲô飬ĪԨŭա
ʲô飬ȻǸԯĶ£Ϸûôˣԯҵ˺˾ռҵûȣûпɱԣ
ô˵μ˴ĸ󲿷Ҳͬ
Ҫ֪ԯһδԯңμ˴ᣬĵ۴ϴ˶ǰΪȻǽԯҲǺ󱲣ҲҪעһԼ̬ȡ
ԯǵûΪ֮ǰô֮Ǳ䱾ƺҪԼ˲Ǽ顣
ⲻû嵽ˣ֮˪˵յ飬úõһ˴Ӳı˳ܴᡣ
ΪɵĪԨͷ˵ܵԻĵۣϵүĵ۵ĻȻǰһĻ
ڵĪԨһԴ󣬶߻ϵĻ
ԯҵԽԽˣǿڶʦϣһҪĹȣ
ĪԨǽһȥĸоڿڳ֮䲻ϵػصţôҲȲеŭŨҡ
֮һҪȻǴӦ˶ʦжԯ壬СĹˣͱһֻ۱һֻˡ
뵽ˣĪԨĿתĵˣ˵һ仰
۷ʲô飬Ժǳ
һ仰Ѿ˵һС
ǲ֣ܶ˲֣ܶοԯҲ²⵽һЩɣغͲԭļѲ˸ϵ
Īү仰Ǿͷˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦǽкӿ֣ĪԨϣġ
ԯǸ˵ԼԯһĶӣǷв˵Ҫȥħ磬ǹϵԼóˡ
¶¶ĪԨһӺòˣ˳žƲˣŽɢеŭ
ҹɫľɽľɽµļУڤҹǣŽĵ֣˾¶¶ԣֻں棬һе򷢴ʱ䣬ûʲôȤ鷢
ԶԶģ㿴һΧˣ㣬ƺΧʵʵ
һϻ˵úãǮʹĥҪΪ˵Ĺ̫ˣҲ뻨ԩǮԯĹ¡
ݶ¥żУƮ㣬߸ΧһŴԣһ߳ŹϹʳһߺŲһ˵˵žʾ׹¡
ҵ찡û뵽ֳ˸汾ģ
ԯĹ̶̵ļ֮汾ʲôȰ汾ʲôʧǵİ汾ֶ֮ʱ߸İ汾Ǵδ˵ŶΡ
žһ˵еľľһӾӣĿĿλ
˵һºڷҹԯһĶԯ֮УʱԶһĻ⣬Ǳǰһǲ¿ʲô
˵Ĺ¼λĶˡ
ʲô
˷׷׺ţԯʲôȣ֣Ǻɣ
ǹħҲʲôɣһöôʯͷ
˵ֱȻſеʯͷжôĴ󣬶һʯͷɢŵĹεİ·ۿһ
ͷô֪ԯʯͷʯͷĻڶ챻˷ֵʱôᾫأѲʯͷɾ˱ŮӣҪ
һ仰ǹЦ
λ͹֪˵
˵գ֮ϸĵ˵ʯͷ
ʯͷŮϲʱǽһʯ֪ôıУɱԯ֣Ҳ֪ŮϴʯͷܻѰ˿Եõģԯˣ
˵ԯõǿʯͷ˵ʯͷŮӳͷԯεĽ־֪ˡ
ˣ
ҲɹĪҪż˵ԯĹֻΪשΪҪʯͷ
˵Щ˵Źʯͷ
ǽ˶֪Ůʯǿ˵ǳ̲֮ŵ޻ԵˣǷΪǿߵĽ֣ϷǵǰҲʱһŮʯǲôˣ
ôˣѲҲԯһ
ǣ˵Ľǵûкԯһ֮õ˻ԵҵʯͷеΪ֮ϵǿߣҵʯͷıأ
ȵȣ˵£ҺҲ˵أ
΢΢üͷ˼Ƭ֮ȻȻ
ԭˣֲܾʮֵϤ
ͷ˵£ĪǾħ֮񣿡
û񣡡
žһ˵һ˾ľ֪ˣħֻ֮һ࣬ΪŮʯ͸еҵʯͷеıأһԾΪǿߡ
ô˵ҵǿʯͷǲҲħһ
֪ͷȷԯĲǹȲаŮʯô
һһţ˵һһĿ϶ĴˣԯľŮʯֻϧԯûԵ޷͸ŮʯеԲŻᵼĽַ
Ϣ̰֮ɫϵĸţֻҪҵŮʯĻ˵׼ܳΪǿߣʱͿԳưһˡ
ʱݶ¥Ҳһ˷ܵı飬קӡ
ߣȺҵŮʯ
ǲɵҾˣô˻ʹ֮⣬ǲǰԽٳɹ̫ˣ
ʮĿһ룬һһ䶼ڱ̡
ɶ˼
ɶ˼ԯô¶ˣŮʯǲĴڣܲĶ˵ĹǼ٣
ſӵӣǸԿװĵʲôǶҲ֪Ǽٵİɡ
ϾԯǳΪô˵Ĺβѣ
ŶŶôͰһˣ
ڨЦţ⵽ıӡ
£Ůʯʲô
˵˵еĹǼٵģǽĻǶŮʯȤҼ˽ŮʯĳҲûбˡ
ô˵أ
һʱҲ֪ʲôŮʯǲݣֻҲʵĴ
ô˵ɣ
˼Ƭ֮Ż˵һ仰仰Ҳ¶Ůʯľۡ
⣬аţܲͲҪȥ񾳵ǿ߶ᱻʧǣ
Ůʯ񻰴˵ȷȷʵʵǲʯͷΪŮĺҲȻŮʯҲۿŮʯʲôӡ
ֻǡ

1689 ˽

1689 ˽
ֻŮʯĴڹаԣֻƬͲŮʯԴһŮʯʱ͸оȫ
ߣȻ˵幩ŮʯǳʥŮ֮⣬ǲӴŮʯġ
Ůʯܲ㲻ҪȥӴþһ˵޵Ԩ֮Уһ覵飡
Ǿ仰Ůʯкܶ࣬ʷҲҵŮʯϢ¶Ůʯ˵ȴ൱ִġ
һʱ֮󣬼˻صĺԺ
ոջصĺԺʱ򣬱㿴ĵ۵СүŻŵɽһӶǺ
Сүʲô¶ˣô飬ѲǸڵǵҰȥˣ
뿪ŻӵЦҪѰĻСүһû룬ȴû顣
ջ˴ɱӳڣе嶼ɱˣ
ʲôôõ顭ǣôҾ徵˭ɵģ
Ϣʱ̻ףȺúãǱϾĲɱ֣Ҳñֳ̫˷ܵӡ
ǣֻҪģ
˸Сү齵Ŀջ
ջѾۼһƬˣŵҲ׷׸ϵСүʬһ̧ʱѪȵĻжôĿֲˣʬϵ˿ڼϿɼǣɼ֮жôĺݾ
ֹݵİ
ܵɱҲĻ޵ǲ㽫ӳɱˣûĻʱ˿̵һڰȴ˵Ȼٴ֡
ģһԭҰµĶ֣
ڴʱվڿջǰԯһɤӺ˳ǲɱ˵֡
һ˲䣬ڳǧ˵Ŀ׷תֵԭҰˡ
û켣ȺеĽڤҹ˳Ϊ˽㡣
ԯӣҳԣʺҲҳԣǻ˵ģ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĶżЦԯ
Ļָʹôбó֤û֤ݾͱ졣
԰˵ץץ࣬ƾʲôᵽǵͷϣ֤أ
֤ݣãȻҪ֤ݣү͸֤ݣ
ԯ仰˵ƺץס˼׵֤һýĲɵüͷѲɲ¶Լݣ
Ӧûܰɣ
ȻԯóΪ֤ݵʱ򣬽εҡҡͷĸ߹ԯˡ
֤ݣץŮ֮УŮԭҰãΪøɱ壬֤㹻˰ɣ
ԯóеÿһ϶ϵһ֮ûУΪ壬ԲʧȥԼ
ǰԯһҧȺ˵йأ˵ĿҲ֮ǻߣѲԭҰΪ˱ɱȺˡ
ȻǽĹ涨׼׽ΪΪ˱ʮ˵ʵЩף
ǣ̫Ѫˣ
˵ĻҲˣϾ֤ǰΪֱ׵ıɣɡ
λ
һɫ˶ĽĻߵǰһЦǵȻģ
Ȳ˵ǲԯݺ˵ԭҰ༸˵ʵΪڵؾ۷壬Ϊλһؾ۷Ϊôɵʮ쾳еǿߣֻһ
Ǽĺìܣ˴ǹͬӦħĴ£ΪɽԺѧΪĵӣȻ÷ִ磬ʱº֡
Ŀ⣬Щʱ䲻ʱһɶڽй䣬ҲڲԯӵȤţλŵĻȥһʣȻˣ
ûκιϵЩݺ壬ý˦ˣĿɾӰ
Ļ£ȺвҲ׷ӭţǽȴǿԭҰļڽйţȥ˲飬СүҲ֤ǸջñԼ
ôԯӻʲô֮ô˵Ϊԯ֮˽˶ԹҪ˴ᣬе棿
˲֪ĵݣԯѾˣҲٸղŵʱԼ
ǲͽһеڵ˵ҲʡĳЩ˰º֡
˽˶Թʲô˽˶Թ
˺ĿŽĺԯ֮ʲô˽˶Թ
λⲻ֪׺͵Ƿĺͽİݣԯһ˳صʱҵˣȻԯһ㲻ưոݣ
ĺͽİݣֲãֲҿѾͷܾúܣԭǶ˵Ů
ôһ˵ˣǽİݲԯ弸ʮֵǿô
ֲãֲԯҪݽģԭΪԭ򰡣
ߣԯҼ˱˼ʮ֣ԯӻֶݽģ嵽ôģҿҪúõĲһˣ
˪ɲԯ˭ǴŻ
ʲôˡ
ʱһ˾ջɲǰ
˾ջĿ⵭ɨһԯ㽫Ŀ˵ϵʬϡ
СѾͷʲô飬զôأȥôʬϷˣ
ɲװʲô֪ӣһԵʬһ
Ȼ빫˽𱻣̵ǵͷϡ
ЦţºһӵĿԯ˵ԯһĶӣ˾ռҵ˻ûɱԣһһ¡
尵֣֮ǲԭΪ
˾ջһ۾ͿҲһ仰ýĵƲ˸ϵ
ѲǰѰˣ˵ǸΪݺ踺ߵģ
˵Ǹǰ
ҵ찡ɣ
˶ֻһЩʶģϾǿȺܳΪ֮Ҳһš
ֻϧ䣬ݺδе˵ģޱȵݱӵ֮أҲе˵һһȻΪħ
ĴԶֶǼʱ䶼ȥˣҲĵ顣
û뵽ɱʮ˵Ǳ
һһôֵǮô
üͷԯһ壬һһӱȱȽǣƺͺͲ̯ϵܲײһ
֪ˣֳǿļ壬һǰ˳λ̳˱Զȥ
ҵ죬Ϊ˳ΪͿɱô
ԣԯҵкܶ࣬ǵճֻһԯ˵ɣԯҲ֮һ

1690 Ϸһ

1690  Ϸһ
Ϊ֮λ᲻ɱǲ⣬ֻǾǲеֵ̫Ǯˡ
˾ջĳ֣ԭҰҲεƲ˸ϵ
Ҫûб飬Ǿˣ
ԯһۣЦתȥߵʱȴͣ˽Ų
ˣڶӵĹ°汾Ĳ٣ȤʱĻҲһһ汾Ҳϲأ
Ļָŵʲô˼ˣ˱ЦŽʧеԭҰˣת߿˿ŭȴ޴йԯ
ʲôֿദ˵Ǵʱ˿̵ԯ
صĺԺĪԨڶãСƱ˾ˮСҲΪ£Ǵӿջɽ亣ζ
ϣϷΪǼأ
̧ͷŹˣ̵ĺ±ơ
үӣЦǺЦѲʲô¶ˣ
ǲ֪ȻйʦףҪϷŵĻǾͶʦˣ
ƨϷһԺãӵתŲһûƷλأ˵Щݺݺ֬׷Ϸſأ
ô˵ǱôԺˣʮʮҫ
ιʦĵڶѽļҹϹ۾ʦ
СӣҪ˵һϷʱһ̣
һۣ⹷ǲ˵û
ĵȥ˿ԯѹͲ⼸ͷĶ֡
컺еľƱĿ⿴ĵˡ
Щ˾ˣ̫ҡҲΪľɽϵ˶ɵӣô
컰лȻ֪Ļ߻ģ֪˲顣
ʵϣ罪һȴ֪һУĺڤҹװȥ˷ѳǡ
ҪΪʱɨһЩϰѽ
ô˵ҲͽܣʦĵȻҪͽˡ
ʦͽܺľ壡
ˣҪ澴ĻͰѽķǮˣϷڶҪɾ
˷ǮģһӲ˾ҪǿûǮ˷ļǮֻܵȼСӻˡ
˱ΪǮʲôҲһѣǵ˼ʵʵİڷǰʱ򣬼ǽĶզࡣ
λүӣǵʲôô󣿡
һӲ˶ѣҲ붼󣬿Ҳûʲôرµĵط¶¶Ҳ⿵ĳ
ɾôһӲ˾Ȼһٸļ۸ôȥ
ѯ֮£ĲǴֵСˣүӺĪԨʲôʲôʲôʲôջеĲػھ˳һľɽĵһСˣζǧܡ
֮£ֻøǮүһЦݣ㿴ҿ㣬һ
֪үǹģΣ˭۵ļһǵʦ
ա
γ˲Сĺ䶯ҲΪˣ¶Բԭļ
ģĺͽİݵŮֻ˶֪ģȴ֪İ֡
ǿһ֮ĨɱԯʮֵĴڣǿֶΣһ档
Ϊμ˴嶼˿ڣȻУһ˶Ҫ֮Ĵϳ֣һӦħ
ʱ䣿ʲôôľɽ
ԼطʱڵһطʮʱֻһΣ˺Ҫʱ
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ʱ棬ԯһ˿˵ǴԲԭ࣬ǽģʳסлʲôˣԯ˶ø˵̼ģֻҪĶ֣ǱоԵɻĨɱ
ǣľǲϹֲɵӣԯôɵļô
Ǹ̫͹ˣ
ңΪ͵û鷢һʱʵ˶ȵʱӱġ
תۼ䣬ʱȻţĴĺ̳ǰ
ĺֵ̳һ̣һƬ֮
˵ŮӼǽжȢĶ˴˵еһŮ˾ȵĺϲ£죬еĶſˮԼĽ֮ġ
˾Ĵĺ̡
ţ쾳۷УǿߣĴĺϰԼ򣬻Χ˶˯֮С
ϰԼǽϵҫЩ̤񾳵ǿ߶ûԼ򣬾ͺñү˵ȻΪĹϵˣɳ˸Ϊ֮⣬ûдκ
һϣܴһ˶˲һȣҲΪʲô˿Ŀ˵ԭΪ塣
Ĳ֪ǼٵĲ֪һĿĲǲμ˴ᣬҲΪ˾Ļף
˵Ҳ֪һʮˣǲ԰汻͵ʮܲҲòһ飬οʮ
Ӳ˵ôɱǻֻǰܴ߶ֲѾҳô
Ͳ֪ˣ˵бԭʲôû
ⲻɨô
˰Եͬ飬װͷĿŲԶеŮƯݳǿһҲĿ
Ŀ֮£ĺ̻˽ӣ˵ıһ˵ϡ
ϣѾĵ۴еȺˣѾӳɵʬ壬ȷȷʵʵǻɵ˺ۡ
û
ĺ˵ʱ쳣ûϲǱͬԴһѰһûκεĸ顣
ʱĺתһ˫׼ȷĿȺеĽģ֮еƿ͸һһ㡣
˫ֻżһνıӦḷ́Ů˸˵ĸо䣬ľһ˾ջǼһﻹûζ
ⲻ֪ĺطѾϾʱȻӵǿΪȴһûеˣıĹأһ˹رκĽնɱ
ϣýȥˣ
ţ
ĺջߣתĵ۴Уֻʮֲϲ
һǲ֪ʲô
üͷӷĺ̵Уʲôζ˵
֪ǿûɱ尡

1691 ˵ĵ˾

1691 ˵ĵ˾
ĺ˾Բ򵥣Լȴһˡ
ǽӳʮڵΣֲΪˣȥˡ
صĺԺѾˣĪԨҲǵȵҹʱŻ
ʦʲôˣôôŻ
һ˵ϷʦŪԵģϷǰˣ
ʾ¶¶ϽŪԵȥڸû˵ˡ
¶¶ȻĪԨ³ȥˣʱһӲȰڷϣĪԨһӵĲ˳Ըɾ֮Ĵ˸֮ʼԯĺ̡
ḷ́ǸôôˣѲɺԯһǱΪˣ
΢΢üͷҲ뵽ĺ̻ԯ˵ıһЩ飬û뵽ոľɽͺԯҹˡ
ǼСû췢ǳ棬ԯǸС˶ӱսɣĺ̵֧֣ŵĲС
˾ջô˵
ľɽǽڶĻ飬ܵԯҺһɣ˾ռΪ׵Ĳ½һѵûбʾʲôô
˾ջ
˵˾ջʱ쿴һ˾
ʦ˵ֳ֪ʲôˡ
УϷ˵ˣ
˾ں˳²ԯߵʱҲ²˾ջ˼˾ջ˿˪ʲôںʵľͺ˾޵һթ˼㣬ûдԲῪڡ
ô˵˾ջҲɣվκζˣ
ţվӣһһһԳƣʲô鶼Ƹͷһ졭û˰
ǵһȥĵ۴Ǹأ
ߣˣ
ĵĻĪԨһ£ʲôߣô֪
ĵĻ˲⣬ĻҲýеԺˡ
ǵǰĵ۴ʱȷȷʵʵһߣߵΪѾ̤񾳣үȴ˵ûʲô񾳵ߣⲻЩˡ
ϾߵĳԼ֮⻹ڤҹˣǿԺܿ϶ߵĴڣ񡭡
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ƺʲôһƣ֣֮صŽĵˡ
ʱûʲôҪĺԺĺǸǲöԸٸֶĺС
첢ĺ̵ʵ˵ڶ߽״̬Ӷ֪Ĩɱ
ֻҪСĲĺ̵ĵļû£ĺץ˼Ӿͨɱףֲܼʱֵ£ǾͲðˡ
үģȻɵȥ
⼸죬ǵȻԹԵĺԺţĳЩ˷ӴײǰɣǰĺԺĳЩ˻˰ġ
˵ץСӣĺԺ氲ĿϷĺá
ǣǲɶ¶Ϸ򣿡
˫еı飬һ
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Цǽһթ˽һۣǰ˵˼仰֮һ֮⡣
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˵ĺ̽ˣջõûץסǡ
ʱ˿̣ϢĲԭ༸˱ǽһգȻ֪˭µ֡
ģ
һɱʮˣ˵ˣǴĺߣ
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ĺԺϢǳһԻǣɽԺ
˷Уڸ˿ڡ
վһԿʧѪɫҰ׵š
Ҳע⵽˽ĵĿ⣬һ˫ȴǺɫӿ˽ġ
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Ȼ֪ĵ֡
˵ֵʱ򣬽üͷһһݣͬҲֹڤҹľٶ
ôĺԺƺûκιϵɣǱ֪˵ĻǣɽԺɾ鷳ˣ
̽ԵΪλĻشҲýһ
ΪҪһʱסΣյĵطȫĵط
˽֪ԭгû˻õɱ׻ڲԭڵĺԺ
һ룬Ҳǳԭ
ⲻ֪仰Ҳýķеɱ⡣
Ϊ֪˵ǰ󷢷ڤҹŻĺԺԼˡ
Ӧ֪۵ǣ뵽ĺ̲벻
ģһ·ҶˣĺţֻҪǰҵֵȥɣǵĵ˲Ҳ壬˵ĵ˾ѡ
һ仰һ˵ǽһȻµšüͷ˿ڵֲԾһЩ
㵹֪˵ĵ˾仰ôԴѵˣҲˣ
˿ڣҶһöҩ
ںӴ⼸仰УҲ˽⵽֪ǵݶĺԺֻʱѶѡ
һ仰˵úã˵ܲٲܲٵ
˸˵ḷ́ĺԺĴű㱻ˡ
߲ǱˣĺԼһ
Ϻǣⲻĺôʲôˣ
Ŀһۣת뿪˷䣬뿪ͬʱǷ˲ԭһ飬һҪġ
ɫ˶Ľһߵǰɢģһֻ˯ѵèһ㡣
룬ḻ́ϾĴϣҲǿˣ̬ȶԴĺ̴ϵĻָ˵ǸǸˣϾɽԺѧԴҪƲǡ

1692 ô

1692 ô
ĵĻ˵ĺģֶ˽ʲô涼ûãҪĹϵ
ͬ仰Ҳڸḷ́ǴɽԺͽܣĴҲ㴳֮ء
󵨣ʲôȻҺǴ˵
ĺ̻ûڣߵŮŭŽġ
Ҫ֪֮˵ǵ˽ģ³ǱҪֵģԭΪߵǸɫˡ
Ȼ䣬һɫħ£Ůĺɫħɢ֮ʣֻѪζŮͷӶʣ㱻ħʴ
ںһʶ
֣ڤҹءǰ
ˣΪܲϲȺ˶̬ȣ
˺ˣһȺ޹ؽҪ˶ѣֵö֡
ڤҹǵ͵ĳ޿ħܴŮˣǸ˵һ³ֻһǾ
ŮͻȻ˲óóȻǰ
ĺ̴ϣ컯֮ǵĺԺʲô
ϻɱ׵˾Ͳ
ĺ̵ƽûκβҲûκε˶ɫȻöȴˮһ̶һ㣬ʮֱŤ
Ҳ˵ǻɣȻɾҪó֤ݣû֤ݵĻɾ˽լԺˡ˵ˣҲӦ֪ǲԭʦǸʲôˣһ
ү֮ǰ˵۷ʲô־УȻĺʱ򣬶ٻƬ̡
Ҫ׷ôУȻҲ׷ĻͲɣǶÿǲʲôүӻүӺʹϺúһġ
ÿһ·ʾĺ̿顣
ϣ˵˳ľɽȥ
ߣ
ĺ̲ĺԺ̣ͣڵ֪˵֮תߣһĵʧӰ١
ĺʧ֮󣬽۷طʱҲûп
գ
³һſڤҹĻС
һΪ֪˱ˣǸ߹ˣ
˵ģĵʱһΪ֪˵ȥľԭҰĶˣԭֻԼԼ
ҹɫľɽ
գ廹ץһˣ˲ֻǲɱ֮һ
Ҳ֪ĺ̵ʵɱǲһĻôϵλá
ڼȻ֪ǲɱֻ֣Ҫ˳һֱȥ׷鵽ʲôͨɱˡ
ĺԺڣյĺŲɫʾȫԲõġ
ǷİɣвĹأǾԲ˵κϢҲڲ½ǽôõʱ䣬ľǳŶ֣
ĵĻҲǲµּ
һǻᾡ֮Ľףý⡣
ԲϢ⣬һףǲҲûдڵıҪˡ
ҲΪ㣬Żڷѳǣڲ½ǽվסŸǧʱ䡣
ߣǰʱװһҲ֪ߵݣȻϺ֮⡣
գһ죬Ϊд˺Ϣ
ôȷ
Ļмٵô˵ջѪ쳣첲ȵҷɣĺҲˣǱˣ
ǰô
ɣľɽͲ±˿ô
ǾͲ֪˰ɣĸˣȻͳΪ˲ɱ֣һִģ
УΪôô˵Ϊ˸˵ˣֵĻǵʲô˲öһ𰡣
ŹĲҰĺΣַ׷䣬ɱҲʮһҲ˾ʣһˡ
ĺԺУڵһϢε³һ
ǲԭһǲǷģ
˵ô˵ĺ»صУΪ俪ʼϵ˿ڡ
ܻҲˣ
죬ϱ鲼ŵĵڣ˼Ӿˣϼ˲˵˶
Ҫô
ѵģΪԹⰴգĸоᡣ
ŸԼҽεĶˣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ܾǰҲкһͬ飬˴˽ģΪֻҪһ𣬱׳壬Ϊмõǽ硣
һһ˵źܾúܾǰĹ£ĺһ߸˿ڣһ˵뿪ľ
Ϊͬһ־Զʱŭ֮ĿڽΪһлһֱȥ
֪Ϊĵܣǲŷ֣ԭȥʥ˳羴徹Ȼ˰಻
ΪԽӵǿ֮ˣΪЩûκʵĺĨɱҡ֮С
ӹŵһֱѪȿֲֶΡ
֪Ǽ̳֮Ѿ˶޹飬ʣûκʵĺ֮ҲȺеĳϽӽ˼̳бѪħ˺ҧ
Ƿֵʱ򣬸ոӱˣ˼̳ոճĺһͬѪħĿС
Ϊ˽Ѫħɱ̳٣ͬҲˣֱȡ
˵˴ʱ̾һ
һΣܼ޶ȥͬˣ
֪Լ˵жôУֻԼûɱḷ́ûл˼̳
ģһʱ㻹˵ģ
ѾѪҺеĶɾҷҩݡ
ģʣµ齻ˣתһ¶أ
ţ
еĶһĶزͬҪʱЦһ¶ء
ˣ
ôǿǵҽ˵㲻뱨ˣ
İһۣʼΪ˿ڡ
ҩ£ʹδ˯ȥ
˼ǣˣ
һεظ仰ҪȴԼò
𶯣˿أ
˿ߣ˺۱鲼Ƥѷϡ
ô
ôôϻأ˵˾ˣҪĻھһ̣ܲܰһ㣡
Ĳȵ˿ںѾһԺˣҲתڵĶء
ôôõʱ䣿
ʲô¶ɵؽתΪһΣһ̶ʱŽںϣʲôĶ
ֶȤ
Ҳ֪Լʲôֶô˵أһĲͬ
Ѿ˯ˣĺ뿪˷䣬⣬ĵ齫
ôˣ
Σգ

1693 ſ

1693 ſ
ôôȥһʱˡ
ºͽĶ˵ҽǲǲǲһҲܽ
ǣһʱʱˣתΣΪɼжôС
˵ıȽأڶƤˣѪҺеĶҲɾˡ
ϴɾֱӶλú˾˴齫
巢һκ䶯ľɽΪһε鲻ǹغ˴ᣬǳ˲
ܿģ㷢ʾȫȫԼĳޣ벻޹ء
ΪȺֻһḷ́峤òʲǷ񽻳
Ļشǣڲ֪ȥ򣬿Ը˵ȥ벻޹أԾǲɱ֡
֮⣬ֻҪǲɱһʱ䣬㲻Ὣ塣
ͦ尡
壿㿴Ǯʱ֪ôдˣ
Ǯʱûжô壬˵ˣ֮ԻȫΪܸǿ档
ڲ˵ɱ˵ǮһУֻҪܶĶ˻ƷҪš
峤ĳƵ˷˼⣬Ȼ˲ԭĪԨү֮⣬˲֪ĺԺˡ
ã˿ڻָΣ
չʾŷϵ˿ڣȻһЩ죬ڶ̶̵ļʱڻָ״̬־ǿʺ֮⣬Ҳµҽ
Ҫǻ˵Ļöƨˡ
ֵܣǷǲԭһ飬ⶼˣôɣ
һĨթЦ⸡ڴǣǰȻǺ֮ǹӶϵôҪģȣҲǱҪġ
˵ʲô
ͨĽӴҲ֪˽Ǹʲôˡ
𿴱ϴ޺ʵթޱȣԶ֪һʲôʱصһ仰ܰ棬֪ĳΪ
ͺñڣԽһЦ⣬Щ˿ҲԽʹ
ûʲô˹ˣǲԭ඼һĵĺӣҩļ۸ǲ˵ģô˵ҲðѲҩļ۸ǰɣ˵ˣǾ仰Ƿǵء
ѳıծǲҪ̻飬ԼļƻԼƻԺõ
ǴγأǮɱˣ

ҡҡͷʾ׶ΣֻҪԼǷծͺãڳʲôǻûõҪľĳŵѡ
ǣǮôҪģ
ծţֻҪǵԼ˵Ļɣȸɣšǰǰһ£ҩʲôܼʮ
ʮ۸ʱ򣬽üԾߡ
ʮҾȻ֪Լ˹ء
ǣɲ֪Ϊ˾¿ǽһѵһСܲݸأ
֪СܲǲǽڱģǾ仰ʮһӶ١
ãʮʮûУǴľɽ뿪ǰѳǲ󣬵ʱȻ˸ʮ
Ļýı˱졣
ƾʲô㣬ںߵĻҲ˵һ˵Ļǲ˲ôԲԣ
ͬ⣬־ݰɣǩֻѺʲôģ
׼ֽʣΪľǷֹˣ
ֽдµ־ݣԼծϢͱȺСӵˡ
ˣ˭ԼǾȻģǩ˾ǩ˰ɣ
ԺһЩ֮뿪ľɽ۷˷ѳǲĺɱˣԼ˻δȬҪһʱ䣬ټ峤֣Ҳ֡
һеȵز֮ӳ飬ڶĺҲ١
˵ʲôʲӵ˴ỹҪõʱ䣿
ŹǷԺɹ̫ǽˣĳҲˣ˵ľչŻزԭ࿴á
˵ǻʱ䣬ʱ۵óʲôĽҪԽΪ׼
ڵʱħ绹ΣҪֳĽʲôˡ
죬ô
ˡ
ʱСүĺԺıĽŽ߸˸Ͻȥĵ۵Ĵ˴ˣ
ô¶
˲⣬ƢȻ꣬ǲ׶֣Ƿʲô飬үӶˡ
һߣһСү˵ľ
һеҪԭԯǸΪҪַص⣬ԯԴ̫ӣĵߣѹޣ
ԯ˰ɣ
峤ںԺţ
СүҲżϵ뿪ʱԸǧȺ˶֣ҪǻĴĻҪǮݣʱʹǵķǮǮ޴
ѾǺð
˵˵ȥСүԭǲԺѽ
ʩ⻰ô˵Ҳ֪Ժ峤˵ΪжôĸĪ⣬ϵү֮ǰռһң˵һδħ˻ȺǷǣĴˣħ˿׿ӣ밡
ү仰ûж˵˴ٿʱ䣬ĵ۵ĵүҲûţ׷켣Ⱥеħ֮ˣôȴϢ鵽
ֺԯԯ峤
˵ħҲ
ţˣ
׼ʲôĵ۵Ĵд
ԯǲˣȻˣϷձһ̡
죬б峤ڣ붯ԯһë
һһ֪Ӻδֵľױֱļԯϡ
ԯͻľ׻УȫðŰۣȻûһޱȣԭĹ⻬ĳҲըģıôĻˡ
үӣһѣֵ֣ǳһֲ˿ʵ
ģڤҹ룬£˾¶¶߸˳ĵ۵Ĵ֮ϣɣһױǽΪ
ģѾȻӣ
ȥ˭ôףһ
һװģǵ˸Ц
ЦʲôЦӱ죬ģձɱԯֵд
֣ԯԯӰⲱϼŸԴǲǾΪԸ߰
Ѱһ仰ǵе۵˹Ц
ϼŸԴΪԸߣֱ˵ԯûô
ԭ⼸˼ţ

1694 ڿɶ

1694 ڿɶ
ʲô۾ôȥǵĵˣ
ԯһ壬Ǹǲ¡
һԯħһڵϣǰ
ʦĸ˶ڮˣͽ㽫ʮ˶ιȥ
ܣ׺ݵģһдĸ֣Ǻˡ
ԭڳλҲǶ˽ģķҡһΪǽһеٮٮߣò˵ĽʣվֻһЩˣɽԺѧͽܣûдԼϲ̨档
Ҳͳ˾˾ռӵ⣬༸òƶûõóֵݡ
ߣһȺҲڱǰ
ԯԼԯݣ˵Ϊôǰҫʱеġ
ģã³ףҪɱԯһȥʿ
ʿѽʿﶼ̣ˣ˶ҵɱԯҵİ࣬ʿʶô
̼ԯԯ֪Լһ뽪ı֮֯С
ģ
ݵһԯгͬʱ԰ټƵĳ׷׳֣ȫȻ޹֮˵ԯĿֻһɱ˽ġ
ˢˢĳִĵʱһĨЦȴڽĵĴǸֶ
ڤҹʱҪ֣
ˣðɣСģ
˵ڤҹûж֣ȫ̶ڶԯԯһκβ׵ľٶһЩ˵
ԯӣĪҪ֣
峤鲻ԣҪֹȴ
֮䶯֣ʲô֣һߴȥ
һӣһǿĽס˫ȭŭ졣
֪ôĺ
Ϸ´Ӳƺ
ܲϲŮˣΪ峤ĿˣҲ뵱ôΪ峤ģҪԯһ年ᣬߣĶ
һߣԯѾ֣֣Ϊһɱģ˭뵽ķǵûбɱ֮ԼٶȳԼߡ
꣡
һص˶ߣصĵ۵Ĵ֮Уֱۣ
һֱ۶ԯұۣǺеǽһң֪ĻΪ˭ɱˡ
ԯһٶҪɱңĿ֮ҪɱҲֻԱѣ
־˵ţ֮ɱӿ֣ҪȥԯҲĳֵٶȡ
ſӡ
ſ㣬ð
ķſԯʱõɵԯͳذ׼ٴλɱģһĻǳ׵ģҲûκλȥԯˡ
ذ׼뽪ʱԯȻֹͣеĶֻع֪ʱһѳ
ʵͱĵĻĿˣУԯǽģԲŻнһĻ
ԯԼҵ˸͸Ϊһʬ壬ǰѪ쵽ܡ
ŵŵʬ壬ԯĿ
Ҳˣԯԯһ˵У޹أ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣʼսֻнԯֽԯԯ
ʵϣڳһȻǿʵ˻Ŀ˻þԲŻһĻķ
Ѿͷ򵥣
¶ԽĵۣҲҪԲԭÿһ˽һµˡ
ԯˣԯĶĵ۵Ĵϣǰ
ǱԼģϢһȥһ˲䣬ԯֳΪľɽ෹Ļ⡣
ļٵģۿˣ
ۿô¶ܲµĳ˵Ϊɱԯ˽ģĲϲԯŷ֮飡
ɣôΪɱ߸ŵ˲ôզǣԯأ
ҾͲˣǶô
ڴϣһڵǽһʾס
ɶɱˣ˵汾˭׫ģбҪôô
һ
ڤҹŽĵļ
һԵ£룬˾ĸȴǱЦˡ
Ǻôвţѵʱ鴫ɱ汾ţ̫ţˣ
ԯϾΪԯһĶӣ˵ԯԼ˵УɱϾǣ㣬һ仰仰ܽ͵ġ
ɱԯͱˣԯһҲΪԯ˳˴ᣬҴԯʬ۷ز½
Ҳ룬ԯҵ˱ضҽĵ鷳պеĿˡ
ò˵˴ߴߴ˷ԯ󣬴Ὺ쳣˳ԭûнҲӭж⣬ԭҪĴ̵ʱѾˡ
ң˴۽ȥħ磬ǲȡص״̬ӦԿܻᷢħϮ
˴ĻˣΪһεľٰ췽ĵ۵ĵүι۵صı
ȻЩﶼýӡߣһҲ޷ͻƽ硣
żһǴ˵еɽӽͼ
Ϊɽӽͼ紫˵еһֺ̲޵
ʱСүǰվڴм䡣
𣬸λʩλЩԵǵô˻ԵɽߣֻҪһǮǡ
һЩﲻߣֻҪһǮͿˣû뵽һȺ¡
վڲԶĽļȴƲƲ졣
ô
Ҳţô
Ҳţ˭Ű
ЩɶͷĶһССҲǹһһǮͽߣš
ȻһҪһһʱСүЦųǰ
λʩⱾ֮ǰıϵүһоΣղŵõ
Сүʲô˼˵Ȼִ֪ӽָóһǧǰСүûߡ
λʩƶ㽲һⱾʷ˵֮ǰĵ۵ϵү
Сүʼੲݵ˵ⱾĹʷԼϵүѵĵõⱾľνһ
ÿСү˵һʱ˶ӽָóһŹԽԽʮ˹Сүɿ֣齻ˡ
ʮһ飬ȻǮ
ȻǮûʲô𣬵˻Ǿסգ׷׿óǮŽ˹䡣
ʲôأ
һ⣬ת߿Ŀŵ
ҲûʲôرĵطѰɽˮīɶ

1695 

1695 
ڿŵһɽˮīȷȷʵʵƽûʲô𣬸׼ȷ˵ɽɽˮˮɽˮΩΩФ
ǿ
ڤҹЩܿô
ĳ˳ڤҹ·ԼԼĿԿ⻭ӦڻвʲôκοֻһƬģʲô
˿ҲȻ⻭еǿ谭󲿷ֵ߲͸ܿˣѾѵˣ
վڶ£һ
λڣǿԲҪڽҵôеʲô
ûʲôֻѰĻѡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĽСү
СүǰЩմŽļǰĴǸˣͼҲһЩ
λɷʲôԵ
ҲʲôԵǿɽˮͦÿģǮ
ָָԱɫɽˮСүҲЦЦ˼ԵǮͿˡ
һԵǮپǸˣ
һٸôǾôǮˡ
óһٸҡҡͷŻؽָʮ
ɣʮǻȥǮֻʮô
Сүһʮһ£ҡҡͷҪ˵ʷΡ
һ󴮳ƪĹ£СүÿڸĵıΪѡ
̫ˣǮ
ָָ˲ɫԱߵһСүҲĵĽһŵ˼ûи²أʡʡɣʮʲôˡ
ȥСүҲһʼıе㲻ͷ״̬󣬽ָʼһ۵ɽˮī
ء
Сү˳Ŷָŵķ˿̾һ
ʮҲˣҲҪٲ
ɽǮң

Сүǰöֿ˿֣׹Լڲˣ
˵ɲڣү˵ٲѲҪô
ʩڲƭ
Сү֪ôûԼʱ˿̵飬Ǳƭ˵ĸо
ڲƭү⻰˵ÿɾˣҸղŶأǵү˵ٲأ
԰үղ˵ٲǿɶأ
Ҳ֤ٲȷȷʵʵǵү㿪ļ룡
׻˵˫ȭѵ֣οԲԭļˣСү˸ͷֻٲļ뽫ɽˮī˽ġ
ٸСүļǱģϵү֪Ļ᲻ᱻһǽĻʦɽˮͼ
ˣȵϵүʱ򣬰еζѸԭ࣬˵Է˶ԼƵǶ֣
ϺǣʲôñϷҲһ
й˼ߣŵһʱɫһסˡ
ߣϽߣ
ż뿪ĵ۵ĴֱӱĺԺȥ
үӣɶ¶ˣôŻŵģ
ŻŸƨȸϷǻ˶Ǯ˭
ûлشĵ⣬췴ŽģȺ֮⣬˭
밡СүһүһҲû˰ɣϾһںܲ۵λϣ
˶ڲι߸ıҩݵȵȣٽעһŻһǺڰɫɽˮīһĲɫԵøΪۡ
ٸİ
٣
ƺû˵Ļһһ黨˶ǮֱӽĿе֪ȷȷʵʵٲ֮󣬶ʱЦ
ţϵǸϲģҲû뵽ɣȻϷͽٲ
ֻ̬ȣҲйµġ
Ȼ룬˵
ǧ֮ǰǽһʦԳɹԼѪ𿴿ȥƽ棬г˰ܲ͸еֻ֮Ե˷ɵõ
ʱΪɽԺԺҲھ˵⣬ɽӰͼвһԳɹżȻõȴ޷Ԧǿû֪ⱦʲôֻ˵ӡɽӰͼС
ʱв˶ǰʦԳɹڵĵطҪһɽӰͼκԳɹƢŹ֣ǻļѾǧҲΪ
գţϵҲĵ۵ϵүԳɹռһԣѵ˻Ǯղ˵ϵүһ쵱ʱ
˭뵽ʱǧ򲻵ɽӰͼȻͽٲ͸
ܲˬأ
үӣϵү֮Ľ鲻ǳ
ߣǸţϵԴȱΪڻϷ¶ⲻ֪ϵСһֱǺϷһƵĳ𣡡
һһƣ
ԭ˵Ȼ֪νһһƲ򵥵ֻǻ;ƣһбС
үӣܿеôҾԼԼĿһЩ忴
ǶϷ˵һ˵ܴ⻭пʲôһҪϸÿ
չһԵϣʾԭһȥĿϸܴӻпʲôӰ졣
¶¶վڻǰ¶¶ɽӰͼҲ֪ǲԼĴ˻еĺٲţһкֻվֻǰŲãء
룬뿴ĺ¶¶Ĳһ
ûʲôĺӣǿһͷܣܴܴ
ܸܵܵǿڵܱģͷƺҲڿԼ֮ʲôҲˡ
¿¶¶ԾǲһŮһ񣬶ʯȻһѿŮϴǰ
һƬڰ֮еԼȻڰȴûʧǣҿ˳ͷԼ
ɶأ
üͷЦôأɶˣ
˾ĻԼվ¶¶࣬ݹ¡
Цĸ׿ʲô
˾Ŀӻƿ¶¶֮絽˼¡
ڻпǳǳҲǳ
кܶˣһƬǳ֮£
֮￴Ļ棬岻֪Щʲô
һԵЦţѾͷȻܴӻпǳȻǷĺͽİݵŮǹļ̳ߡ
ڤҹ֪ڤҹڻпʲô档
վɽӰͼǰڤҹ˫ŻӳӰŷһɱ⡣
ڤҹ㿴ʲô
סڤҹ֣е֮ɫֶ

1696 ¶

1696 ¶
ڤҹ㿴ʲô
ʮֵǣټڤҹӡ
Ƭ֮ڤҹع˫еɱҲʧĵʱԾĿᡣ
ҲǺ棬ڤҹʲôǿҵɱ⡣
ΪڻпһЩǲ´Ļ֮е˱ħ
ħ
ڤҹ˵ĸֵʱΪ㵵ĵ졣
ڤҹĿħ
ڤҹûлشĻѾϰڤҹ̬ȡ
ħħ֮һôڤҹҰ֮С
벻Ҳ޷͸쿴˿ڤҹֿ˿ɽӰͼƬ֮󽫻ղ
һʱҪ򿪣ס滹ʲôʲôʱصԭҰ֮ٴҲ٣Ǳ˿ˣʮصĺ
˵ҲǶǵвǽȱľɱԽ֮ˣΪһŲҰľɽǴ󲿷ǽۼ֮ء
үӣ뿪˰ɣ
ţǲʲôĻ뿪ľɽɽԺôˣ᲻ô
᲻ãû¶ֻСү˵ħҲľɽħˣضȺ˰ĵ뿪ľɽ
ô죬ħȴûκ飬ѵΪǽļ嶼Уô
ӦûĻǾиıڵǣ
ϷҲ֪һЩģʵʵĴĺԺķʲôҲҪȥ֪ô
ʦȥ
컹Ҫȥʲôطһôʦӣҵļֱûˡ
ΪʦȥһӣȰΪʦʰһ
£һ̵ʧˣֻʣ㿴ҿ㣬˭Ҳʰ
ԼʦȦΪͽܵҲʰģסӱȦҪңҲԬϲҪɽԺҪչʦճ࣡
ҹɫľɽΪڤҹĻУطڤҹϡ
ڤҹ˵ʵڻе׿ʲô
˽ڤҹΪ˲ԼģԲ˵飬ֱҲ߽ģڤҹһǿʲôõԲŻɱ⣬ңǼԼйء
ڤҹĽڻе׿ʲôΪʲôɱ⡣
Ϊô
š
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ڤҹ㽫ʵһĻ߽ģΪڻħ
ħ˵һЩ飬ħ磬һΪףԽĵΪҪЮ
̧ͷڤҹĿ⿴Զ۵׸ֳһĨɱ⡣
ֻҪŵһ̣Բκ˺ˣ
ħ̫Լˡ
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ֲָ֮䣬ħ֮£¶¶˾ĸܵӰ죬һӣĵ鲼ϣ¶¶˵˼صʵ֮С
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Ҿ˵ôСүôöҲħˣԭαװ˵ү
ģڤҹ
ɱһγ˰̣˶ˣ֪˵ݡ
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ɱǴħĻո£Ц˳ЦöӶˡ
ڤҹ˼Ǽħ磬̣
ڤҹֱۣµĿΪǵɱǣ֮еЦĮ
ħԳ˵ҺڤҹԿһ£Ļ̸
ģ𾴾ƲԳԷƣ
˼Ӳԡ
ĻؾɱǣʱһߵѾҵ˱ĪԨԼ˾ջˡ
ô˵ҲǽͷĴ֮ˣвٶǴ峤һǽССħˡ
ڹؼʱ̣˽磬ѡ
Ũصħڿ֮Уٵѹס˶ǵС
ûĻЩħӦħǧħơ
ǧħѹУΪԽԽǸоѹ֡
ȥҵǧħƣӦþڸ
ħޣħţĻ֮һʧںɫħ֮УĴѰǧħơ

ӷ߳ĪԨŭɱǣû뵽ħĹ⾹Ȼĵ۵үģ켣ߣҼٴ˶ۼĴ׼һ򾡣ǹâ֮Ųȫ
ȺʹҲԼʲôУʸʹô
ɱǵĿʮֱĵĿŴӴһ߳ˣ˵ȺûбѾǧħ֮УҵǧħƣҲΪ֮еļƷ
˷ΪˣǵΪᱻħһĲʳΪǧħƵͣ
ǧħƣ
ɱǿеǧħƣһ
ǧħʲôˣǿħħӵޱǿ
ǧħƣʲô
˽⣬Ĳףǧħʲô⣬Ⱥ˵ıӦʲôıô֣ǲе̫Ϸˡ
ǧħһǧħѪƶɵħǧħƳֵʱ򣬱ͬǧǿĶħγɵ󷨻ԴԴϵȡһУ
Խ˵ԽǺ£˲뵽ֻμ˴ᣬȻὫڴˡ

1697 Ǯ

1697 Ǯ
ǧħƵǿһΪ֮УħԴԴϵʴߵĴԣһʬĿܡ
Ϊǧħ֮еǧħ飬ǿӦǧħʱҲҪСĽ
Ҫ뿪ǧħ󷨣ֻҳǧħ֮󣬽٣
ĵ۴ΧǧħƵħ֣˽ڤҹԼ֮⣬˽ǱħӰ죬ǿĪԨˡ
ٸһλᣬֻҪͶϣǵ
Ͷϣ
ʱ컺ɢŽɫĹâƵ쳣ۡ
üͷȫŹâ죬мֲ⣬үʲô
СѾͷֹʦʦѾҪԼΪɱɱǣ
ĪԨĻص˶ߣҲŲ˲ԡ
˵ʱʱ죬Ѿɱǰٶȿզ࣬Ҳ½ǡ
һɫĹâʮֵǿȼΪԭΪȡӦӶӦǿĵˡ
ǧħУ޷ǧħƵĻ޷뿪ȺҲΪ󷨵ļƷ
ûϵԭļ˾Բκε飬ɱһγ֣ǾԲɵ˶ʦٴң⡣
үӣ
ĺڤҹߣҪֹ죬κǹâʢԼϾ˾ֹˡ
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֪ү֮ΪǵĹϵǿ߶ħȾο¶¶ˡ
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ŽĺڤҹӦɱǡ
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Ӻڰд˳
ҵǧħȻǺ¶Ҫôƻǧħһѵ顣
ڤҹȥ£
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Ƭֻ֣֮־ȻǧħĽ磬С


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罪˵һ֮һ˾ջ˾ջѾ뿪˾ջ鷳Ļֻȥ˾ڼˡ
Ҳˣүӣͱֵˣ
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ʱ֮󣬾˷ѳǡ
Ǹ֮أǸ˵ĳУ˴ȥҵضԷĵǾֹŲȥ
˵ģһǵһأ
´ŲԼеĲ̫̫ˡ
еĲӦǻԻޱޱȣһĹâҲ
ϺǣλСѣⲻɲǹҼҵĵض
һ欺³УУɱǵĿҲЩĿɽԺԭļˡ
ЩСʲô
ãҪǮģ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĽһ־˳ǰҽһ־ݵ
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ʱڲУĵ˵ʱߵߣ֡
Ǯ
ɶ⣿
û˵֣ʲôǮʲôǮ
Ǯһծ
Ǯ˽ǹ

1698 

1698 
˵仰ʱЦüĿ֮еЦжôȻˡ
ҲܲµõϲԲŻ˵Ļ
ԲۣôĿŵ
˶֪仰ʲô˼ֽĿתϣ׻ѡʲô
һ㣬˽һ㣡
ã˵ģ
仰ˬó˲־ϵĽǮȫ˽ĵˡ
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ڽĺڤҹ׼뿪֮ʱһ仰ȴýɫһ¡
ĻԱɲⷢŵģλҪòǣ
Ȼ˽ĺڤҹǵǶˣ֮⣬Ļûж˵
Žĵ˽ʧеӰߵǰ֣޳ָ졣
סǷǮ
Ȼ
һߣ뿪ļڿջҵԴȵ죬ڳϣŽǻ˼ʲô
Ѳڤҹݣ
ҲˣŻ˵Ļ
ܣ˵ģ
ͺãĻ治ð죡
̾һ˿Χ
ǲЩ˶ڿô
ԴǽջʼΧ˵Ŀһֱǿ˱ë
Ѳǽǵɴ׵ĸ׼һ
ԭһ׼ȷ˵Щ˽ѳǿʼв˵Ŀⶼϡ
ڷѳǣǿǵֻҪ㹻ǿ۸κκζСֻб۸ķݶ
룬¶ȥɣ
ʾ뽫Χĵ˷֮뿪ɽԺ
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ĹһЩǷѳǣ
˸ڰ¹ߣ¹ЦЦ
ѾȥˣҪȥѳһЩҩݣҩҲֻзѳǲС
ӰѳʲôطҲǲ֪˵ˣôôѳֵط
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ǰҡҡͷ˵˵
粢֮˵ֻԼγֽ׼ѣ
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ˣԸݣ˵ǰӵˣӦǾ浽ɣǲǵľظ߼ҡ
λ֪ǼҹȻǸ߼ҵĶӣԲϲ߸ŵ˶˾ͻķ꣬Աλү
˵ĻƶǶĵ˵ͷ
Ǯ˼ҵĹӸ硭ر𣡡
ȻǻûĸԣǮ˵ôġ
ӷѳǳǰɽѧԺ;·߼Ѿʮ֮ˡ
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ȻǴ˵е㣬һΪ;أ
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үӻں͸߼峤ԳԺȺȣһǢ̸պĺҡ
ȵ뿪ʱѾˣڸ߼һ죬κ¶¶ˮҲֻȥˡ
վǰ߼峤һĿ;ʧУعͷʱ򣬿ԭЦɢȡ֮Ǿηη塣

û췢ʲô߰ɡ
ģڵ࣬޷͸
һһƬɫаֶռ˫ۡ
վԺУ̧ͷһĨЦЦڴ֮ϡ
Щ棬ħΪζڤҹĶִţպкϷˣ
ǵЦԽŨţһȻ˱ɫΧɢ֮󣬰īĸ˺°׷ˡ
ħħ֮һ

1699  һԶļƻ

1699  һԶļƻ
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˵ڤҹܾø˲ǿȥô򵥣վûзκζ֮
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·ûзκ飬һصɽԺͱԬϸȥҲ֪ʲô顣
ڻؼˣ
ϤĿϤζϤĻ棬͵ԭҰԼļҡ
һһ鷢ҵĸо̫ˡ
ĲѾ࣬ľϺԬϸĵϺͿ֮£ϻָ
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ҲЩҪ飬еԸ侳ĸоԶѡ
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˵ţǰϸϸĿɽӰͼҪ֪ڰ֮еԼǿģҪ͸еİ
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ԯһ֮ǿΪۺʵʽ֧ţǽռҪһϯ֮ء
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λһƻܳԶܳԶļƻ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĿеļƻͬ˫Ժйδͼ
˵ֻǲ½ɽԺһӣţֻҪͨԼŬһὨеδһ
ա
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Ϣ֮ԭҰƬ̣ʵںľϺԬϻῴۡ
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һλ鷢˺ľϲһо˻һĻԬϸľϡ
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Ӧþ߰ʱ䣬ԺһֵַĴţȱ¶⼸æдء
ľϺԬ϶ɽԺô㶨±ǲٴ죬ɽԺͬϲһ±ˣүӷҪ֪ͨ½ϵˣҽӺ죬Ϊľùܸ֮еɽԺ
ʵ򰡣ΪǮ
ҾûôŵͷľϺԬϵĻ£үһݺݵ׬һʣ

1700 Ⱥ

1700 Ⱥ
ʮֿ϶ôͲˡ
ԭҪȥ˵һ´ɽѰ飬ڿҪľϺԬϳɻ֮ȥ
ɽԺʳãԭҰ˳С㣬Ժûпɱԡ
ʱѩһԼĽǰһӷǰ
룬Եģ
һ֮ѩתܣ糺ձжôĿɰˡ
ޣɫѵ⣡
Ŀ룬ҪˣΪʲôǻûŮӱס
ֵǶ˿Ǳ뿡ʺܶడ
ѲΪͷ⣿
£㿴ͷһЩô
˲ˣҪҪһʱ䡣
ºİͷʱһͷѾ˲٣ɻǾ仰ҪҪϺһηɡ
Ҳ֪ͷʲôʱܳ
һκڼͷ˹ͷ޲ôԼơ
˵ľϺԬϵĻڶô
ˣ֮үӵԸһȵ˶֮һʲŻϵĻ񡣡
ĺȷԼ˵飬Ҹ֪ˣүһᾡܿӱǮ
ٺ٣ҪҪǰʦһѣ
еʦ˼һۣǿʦĺͽأ
ľϺԬϵĻ֮ԽԽμӵıҲԽԽ࣬вٱͽǼģľɽ˴ϣ½Ĵ嶼ֹ
롣
λ룡
ģ£¶¶˾뼸ŽӴ̬ȽһºͣԭľɽϷ飬ñǶԼ˵ӡǺࡣ
ϲϲ
ͬϲͬϲ
ԴԴϵɽԺԭҰļҲٵĲֺ
żʱ䣬ǲʲôֻյ
ɽԺɽǰԭҰ˶£һЦĿıǡ
⼸춼˶Ǯ
٣Ѿ˲ʮټһЩʲôģܵиʮ
´ŵĹһ±ļֵټյĽǮͳż롣
յ٣ҲǼѣյ
˵ӽָóһ飬Щ鶼е飬򵽺ϿԻȡǮ
¶¶Ҳӻóһ̤Ʊ
ûյô
¶¶ɫЩѿеĽƱġ
¶¶ЩƱкüʮôأ
ôҿƱ϶ûд֣Ϊأ
¶¶ŵʱĻ棬¶¶˵֮һЦ
ʱ¶¶ڽӴԶĹ֪ͣԷ˭ҶԷ˺ǶʮĽƱ
Ʊûд֣¶¶Ҳ֪ʲôһʣֲÿڣһȥվǹǰ
ͻΪԼĺ񲻹ǺֱӽһӽƱ¶¶
Сɰ֪һŽƱʹһǲĻǸӦǱüҵĹܼҡ
üҽڸ߼ǲ½ڶļ壬ƱǱüҵǹܼҲһ±ƣⲻ֪˶˶Է˼
ԭȺС˶ڸϷ˵ôôô࣡
첻֪ʱڼ˵һŭı鿴Žļˡ
üһ˵ôôԣһ˵ŷʲôС˶ôһ˵˲ðɡ
Ϸ³
ѽɽԺԺˣ
һɢĺڤҹܵɽ£үôŵԸ񣬿Ҳֻеȵڻȥˡ
ڤҹ뽨һǿĺܣΪ׺͵ҲΪǵԺΪߵÿһˡ
Ľڤҹ֣˵Լеΰƻ
վڽǰڤҹ֣ظգĳ硣
۷ҪʲôΪ򶼻֧㣡
ÿÿ仰ʱ򣬽еůӿ
һƽϵʧ֧ԼԼģԼ
ι֮ͥ£˹
º֪ʱڶƲƲ죬ʱĽǼʡ
ľϺԬϵĻھУϾɽԺλϣٰǽһʢ
ΪˣμӻıҲ൱ݵĴڣ˾ռҵĴ˾ջҲС
ϵպܰǣԭҰļȴ۵Ҫ
Ϊ˲ǮԭҰѡҪôǰǮһӲٵ³Ҫôڻæ֡
Ϊ˱סò״Ǯѡߡ
Ǻ˽һĻ
ԭҰϯ֮ţһ˲赹ˮһǴ˳ӣ֮æýŲմضˡ
ˮϣ
˾ջʾ˾ˮϣ˾һεĿԼֳ̾һ
ֳ㲻Ҫˣ˺òã۵ģ
˾ջ豭ǳһĿһ˾תͷߵ
ʱ˾ջһʾ˾ϲˮڶ˲˵˾ˡ
ֳôСһȤζ
˾ԭҰļ˶۲ˣͬⰾϣǻطú˯һԶûˡ
æ˺ҹȥ
صԭҰ˱˴˿һۣеɫ˵ͬһ仰
ӱʮ겻ǲǾӡ
ľϺԬϵĻգҲ׷ɢȥַǷɽԺҲĻָյƽ
ʱ䣬ֻǮֳûչ˼Ѿ뿪ԭҰļˡ
ȵǼС˵ԭҰʱֻ˷ϵһš
ֽдڻзҪȥɽѰˣ첻Ҫģҵ֮Ȼġ
΢΢üͷɽıǲֻ֪֪ͬеֻǻʦԳɹµıأκȺС˵һҵıǱͼǰɽѰȥˡ

ε̾һ̧ͷԶǴɽڵĵط
ˣҲ⼸ӳһԿˣ
ԣ֪Ƥ飬֪Ƥıؿɲ򵥵ֻˡ
ƾʦԳɹǸܵˣ֪ҵ֮󻹻ᷢʲô顣
ʱ˿Ѿ뿪Ľĵ˲֪ǰɽ֮ʲô֪ʦԳɹԸǺεȵĶӡ
˵һ˶Ҫȥɽô
һˣӶҪȥɽѰġ
ǼСҲҪȥɽôɽΣյĺܣûǣ
˲ǿŽĵˣɽǾһɼ˵ĶӻҲֵǵ̰֮ġ
壬ȥɽǽɽ浽ɶµĶ
һԵĶ۴壬˵ɽ£ɾʲôط
վǸСëӣ͸˵˵ɽĿ֮

1701 ǰɽ

1701  ǰɽ
ڲ½ڶΣ֮أɽڶΣ֮ص֮һ
ɽĵؽ粻ͬ
ͬʲô֮ͬѲɴɽ滹סʲôħ
ǡǡ෴
˽壬ҵүҲӶŵһԱ
һκͬǰɽΪһѰұͬҲǽɽͬʬع簲ᡣ
෴Ϊʲôô˵
˵Ǻ棬ʲô෴֮ȻиֳһĨ־֮⡣
Ҳף½Ȼ˾ռǰǿҲ߼ôǮΪУξҵҿŷˮһҹĹǲ½һָļ塣
ȻӪվôʵģҲϴ֣ҾǸģô׵ԼĳԷ졣
ǰһ֧רҵŶǰɽѰɽ֮ҵѾӦΣյ׼ֵǣǷǵûκħ֣һֻϻûм
Ҫ֪ɽɽ֣޶಻ʤһһ·Χĵģ紵Ҳ
ĻУһڴɽͣ˰µʱ䣬ڣڱٽ֮ǰҵһĹǸոսĹһ˲䣬ǰһڱ˹ȥȵʱԼѾڴɽκӵ
ǸĴ·ĻҲн̽ɽĻˡ
³ɽ̫ˣ֣
˵Σ֮
ọ̈̄Ķ˵ɽ֣ԴɽǺ档
أҲȥɽѰұصİɣ
ǣҵؾңҲȨˡ
ЦţӽָóһƷǰл
Σ
Ҫôɽһ磬ֹܹһаħҪôΪɽǿĶ֮⣬һ𡣡
Ĳ²˵һЩԭĿǰΪֹҲܿԽһС
ôҪǰɽ֮ܲ
ֱӵɽƱļ۸ȻͣڰãЩ˶ҪǰɽѰ֮ˡ
ھһµʱڵδǧڹı߾ɽɽ¡
ĴϴһˣֻǼ򵥵Ľһʮ֮ҵȺյʱ䡣
ϴ̫ǰɽѰڴɽˣһ֮ˣҲûʲôĻ˵Ͼ˵Ҳûʲôá
ɽɲеô򵥡
͵ֵĴɽüͷ
ĵվŵλǵͼнɽֻ֮Ҫ˳żһֱǰнԽɽ֮󣬱ɵﱦͼбǵɽ塣
ԽԽ棬״ɽʲô
һʼֻΪ˵ˣɽ־ûʲôħ֣߳ҲӦǳȺȺĳ֡
ȴܲκϢˣΪ壬ǵҪȳǿ
վڴɽ£˱Եشķ紵Ҷɳɳ֮⣬ԼѰֵҲˡ
СһЩɽǿĶ
ھԣһΪ磬ɽȴûκνĶ֡
ңվɽµĽĲһ˿˿΢ϢϢһɻ׽ˡ
ڤҹʲô
ħޣޣԶźĵĶ
ڤҹĻشҲ̫ȷΨһȷһ㣬ⶫǿһɽ֮ҪСĽ򲻿çײ
СһôȽȥˣ
˴кҵ˽˴ɽУʱнɽرƷ֮ǰ棬˾¶¶м䣬ĺڤҹϺ߸̤˴ɽɭ֡
ɽ¿ɽȫòڴɽиˡ
Ҷڵ⣬ȵúܣں˵һ߳ӰӶҪСΪ
ɽѾĸʱ֮ˣߵϡ
һСϪ߰Ӫկ֧
ȼշž죬˼žҹɫʮֵ
ǲôҲûУµҲûУǲ̫ˣ
Ѿǰɣҿһ壬ȺΪǵĹȫ¶ô
һƣһ壬սʿĺ
Ҳһۣ˵⹷²˵ʵˡ
ھѾ˵˹ڴɽĹ֮侳ĸһһĹ죬ЩëȻ
ҹ
á
ǰҹ¶¶ڤҹ˾ĸҹϢ
ĸΧԣ˵Źڳｨ顣
ҪԼһҪǮҲҪڶǿߡ
˾˵Ź˾ռҵһЩϵֽ֧ĵ뷨ȴ졣
˾ռҵǿһһ˾ռ֮ѪѻɵģҪ֯Լԯһ壬ϼѡ
ңǽʵҪǿ򣬴ﵽЧ
ð죬ҵүү壬ҸɵС˾ˣڤҹ
Щ˵ΪǿеǿߣҽţֻҪ룬үү壬ɵС˾˶ǽġ
ҪľǸ㵽ǮŻɽѰұء
Ҳ֪ڵôˣСˡ
ۿԽԽԯһһʹ¡
ڴʱһʣ˰ҹա
ǹâԼٶȳĵڵλá
ܣϽȥСϪ԰
룬ԺĴǻѾӵܣһˮߵСϪ԰
ȥСϪ
û߼СϪˮλѾ˲ӣˮ̹ǣȫֹסĲš
СϪ԰ڤҹŽȡů˾ҲΪ¶¶֣ºѵֻԼԼ
ҵ죬ˮô˱䣬磡
һ˳ݶ
ĲϪˮô̹ǣǽմĻ棬Ȼֳɫ
ʲô⣿
ɫĻ֮һƬҽֵǣɫĻȴûнȼ
׼ȷһЩ˵ľ֮⣬潫һȼյĶ˳
ǲۻˣЩľͷʱʯͷģ
ľ֮˵ĵʹľͷͻȼճΪľ̿һĻ˹ˡ
ûˣõһҲûˣСϪ԰˸ɵۿŻһкȥ
ô죿
ô죬Ѳһλ᣿
һûɲӢš
ҡҡͷ֮˴󲿶ӣȥɽȽϰȫĵطϢ
ɫ⵵ӹ飬Ҳ˯̫
һҹ˯á粻˯ˡ
ŹǷվɽ޾ɵĿԶ

1702 ֪ͷ

1702 ֪ͷ
Ϊ˷ֵֹ鷢ñϾɫ棬˷ֱֵҹɼ˻û˯졣
ɽۣԾûκη紵ݶվɽ¿ȥɽһһ
Ǿãڻ棿
еˣɽûˮû
ĻǶýʲôߣͬվɽԶȥ
һҪΪɫĹϵûпɽһǻɽˮǰĻô
ǿ
ָԶɽïܵĴ֮У֮϶һߣֱɽӰͼĻһģһ
˵ʱʱ죬ԭһĴ֮ƾճһӰӣӰһСС֮һ˼ҡ
˹ɣ
ĿŴߴ޵Уתͷ˿ˣǾԽͲǰһʲô˼ֻĵˡ
զ¶ôͻȻأ
˲֮ʣԶһԽԽſԴһȺˡ
ʱ˿̵ڱһȺɫ׷ߣǻٶ죬ۿ˾Ҫ׷ϡ
Ҳңɫ漴û˵ʱһܵɽϣɫƺ˼ʲôʡȥ
壬ôǣ
ӽɽʼ㳯ͬķнյ˵Ӧһһôһ
忴ĵ˵ʱҲǾ㵵ĺܣڻǴҪǱȺ׷˺þã
ȵϢһ֮һ̧ͷнӹһˮ˹˵ĺ
û뵽һǼ
ҲǺܺ棬ǺȺСǷֿߵģôɽ
Ҳû뵽һ壡
뵹ǲİֱӶŵ׷ʲô
Ҳ̾һ֮󣬻˵Žɽʼ
ͺͽĵһһʼûзκ飬ֱһҹɫĻͻȻϮһȺ˱Ų·š
巢һ飬ǵĶǵûԱ٣һЩˡ
ɵʱûȥʲôֻܾĶɫ棬ⱻճɻҽ
ϯضָָԶͬϢļͬ顣
ǼˣǶģ
壬ɱң㲻˵Щͬڴɽô
ĿҲ˳ָŵķ򿴹ȥĸڵϣɸΪǣ뿴û֮˾Ȼƾʧˡ
໵һɤӣܵ˵ָָԶʧĸ˵ķ
йԲۣۿԵ޹ʵʧ
Դӽɽ֮һжùĪ⿴ɫĻ棬ͻȻڽϵĴߣ˵Ե޹ʳʧͬ顣
˭ܸǽͽͣôһ¶
ûв´ĻӦһ˵ΪʵдڵĶ
¹Ҳ²ǰһĻĻķΪŮʯˣҲš
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˵˻ô
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ǣ󷨹͹ǸܲκβͬѰ֮ˡ
ңܵ󷨵Ӱ죬ԺĶʵ֮У˵˻ʳ˵ǿ
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ǣǵһνɽʱҲɫ棬ҵļͬ㱻ɻ˻ҽ
һĻ˸֮һθֶͬʱĸԭѾʧͬ龹Ȼֵĳǰ
壬㿴
һ棬֤ʵԼĲࡣ
ûĻɽһ󷨣вŮʯŮʯĶӰǣ
ǰ˵һûһ仰ˣĶܳΪʵ԰ɣ
ԣӦˣҾĵķΧԽܵӦǿԽеĶԽܳΪʵгֵĶ
̧ͷ˿ԶȺɽҪҵıɽС
ͬĵͷĿǰ˵һж˵һ
ǻһ㣬ɫ档
ܾЩɫǹ⽫ɽϵһط
һҲֻǽĵĲ²⡣
Ϣ˰ʱ֮ѰͬʬǵĽ뿪ˡ
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С֮ĶȾ֮
ȻǲʲôӣȴСǡ
˵ˣǶᱦļ˵ҲǶ֡
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ʲô룬ڿɺˣӾСʱӰĻ档
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磬ȵң̫죡
Ųһȭյģ
磬Ƕĵ˼㣬һȭ
ʱ䣬˲˲رͼǵɽ¡
һߡƵɽ壬һֵʯݳǰ
ʯΧɽϣһ˹ʯݷ·ͨʵڡ
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ߵˣ߰ɣ
ǵʱĻǻɽʲô˼
˵Ҳ֣ڵĿĵɽʱΧߵŮȻ˲仯ʧ
ҲһܱҡһΪҰܡ
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Ǻǰŵλã£˾¶¶ĺڤҹһʯһֱ
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ڴڵĺʵĿʯϿŽ׵ԨһСˤȥһоˡ
ɣ
Ҳֻһ·ˡ
ϢƬ̣һζʯݣһһһһ֪жòܵͷ

1703 һ㲻

1703 һ㲻
ĺۣ
ڣ֮󣬵ҹĻٵһ̣߸ɽ
һ߸ϢɽֻۣһŴǰ֮⣬翵ơ
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һɽʹǽĺڤҹҲƣ۵ĺܣ˵¶¶ˡ
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Ϣһʱ֮ʯ֮󣬿̤ʯŵʱ򼸸˷֣һʯݳǰ
ذɣرͼǲпӰ
߰߰ɣԹˣ
Ѿ²κˣϾǴɽһʲôпܷĵضֻʯ׶ѣܱϱĹҪõöࡣ
һ߶߶У߸¿ʼн
׻˵úãɽɽѣ˵Ǵʱ˿̵߸ˡ
͵ʯ죬ֻҪһעͻȥһҪСĽ֮⣬һ滹ҪչԵͬ顣
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ѵǲ֪õƤһ̣Ǳ֮УҪɽѰҵء
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ʲô
Ļͻһǣүǡ

Գɹ۵׵ЦݣüͷԣǱˡ
׼ȷ˵õɽӰͼʱͱˡ
ԭΪǸԵû뵽ȴǸԵ
ϷǲѾҵ˱ôֻҪһȻ
ʲô񣿡
£ҲֻȥһԳɹֵһ̣ҲһһϢûĻ֮
ܼ򵥣ȥɽĽӣĽԭϷɡ
ô򵥣
ԣô򵥣
Գɹͷʾһô򵥣ֻҪǰɽĽӣĽ˺һűɣϵȻӭж⡣
ϷЩƱУϷҲ뿪ɽ
£һǿХ֮£ǰĻصתȵһжɢ֮˷ǾȻڴɽ⡣
վڴɽɽ£㿴ҿ㡣
ô죿
ô죬ȻȥɽҲŮģ
ԼŮ˵ģ̲סĴ˸һ㶼Ůˣһ㲻롣
Ȼ֪ô뿪ɽǼҪһ񷽿ɡ
뿪˴ɽһշǰĳѰȥɽľ
֮츮
츮ǲ½Ĺ֮һûԽǿ󣬵ĵ츮Ϊľۼ֮ء
Ҳǲٴڴˣ츮ĹʵȻһһǿҲ
Ͼһ̤츮ŭĲ츮ңв½ǿļ壬ͱѡ
ӭջ
óԣóԣ
ԣעӰ죬ô˵ҲɽԺӵĵӡ
ΪԺıټľɽ˴飬ɽԺԭ߸츮ʮ
Ҳ֪ĸ֪߸˵٣һ츮ҵ˱ǰӭӣ˻ԸˣŻҵһСջϢһǰɽ
ɽһ·̣ҲҪһµʱ䡣
˭֪ǵ٣ѵ˵ñص鱻֪ˣ
Ӧûܣ
·뷨ԼԳɹ֮⣬ǲе֪ɽıѾǵĿڴ
˵Ҳ֣츮Ⱥô֪ǵٵģ

1704 ȴ

1704 ȴ
һеĿǰɽһ񣬽ӴĪ䡣
ǣ;츮ʱȴд߸˲òװܿĿ
ѵ˵ʦ
ܰɣʦڲæǮôʱǡ
ľϺԬϵĻȻѾˣ֮ǰ˵ɽԺҪٿʲôʲô䣬˵үƵʱֵˡ
ˣ
벻ף츮ϢһϸϽ뿪ⷢҪ¶ˡ
ǣڵ֮ʣ˸ոҪϢӭջһĵ
˭ҳ׼Ȣ
ʮֲͷƿӭջⴵһȺ˿ˣæǰ϶ĵЦ⡣
λʦôסôĵطѾΪλʦ׼Ϣ֮
ǹܼģЦֱθε̾һһԵ¡
ô죿
ô죬ӭջǴȥ˱
츮סһϣһЩƷڶڳǰɽڿѹûˡ
츮ĶǣЩ嶼ǼŮ̡
뿪Ƚס
δӭջ˻عԭ߸˱ʧӰ٣ǲʱѾ뿪ľ
Ҿǽĸ߼ģȻе˶үӵͷϡ
ϣ˴۵С۵ĿŶԷסĴŹǷ
ôô
ֻ鷳
˸طһߴŹǷһ߷Ŀġ
˵˵ţеֻصԭ㡣
Ǿʲô͸©һ˵٣ĿΪʲôô
ɳԳɹԼ֮⣬үҲ֪Ѿõ˱ء
ù죡
÷ʲô˰
ιܲСˣ
뱻һŭһָΪֹ³
һ仰˵ҪŻˣѾع롣
ԼԾָſˮ
ӣӸղ˵ɶˣ
ղôϢʮѵģ
ģһģ
صүǣǴүǣԲǻ
ʲô䲻ģǷƨ
ľٶĵһѵ˵ѾʼӦô
Ȼ˶ϣʵʵѾϽԳЧ
±ͳð׾ټһЩϢıʣ¿ǡַ顣
ֻĸ£»ŮװĻһƯ
˾˵ҲЩ仯ǾıԼжɫԲͷģ
뵽ĴǸֳһĨȤζЦ⣬ת߿ڤҹ
ڤҹǲӦҽء
˷ģֻ𾳽һµãΪ޷Ч
뿴źϷĽıڤҹһ仰еĶȤζ
뿴ŮװأûϷˡ
츮뿪ѾʮʱˣʮʱڣӰ£˾ĸı仯Ըϵı仯
¶¶ңһģ
˵˵ţ˾еˮˢһӾ¶¶Ϊʱ˿̵ұ˹һ
һ뵽˴˾еˮĽֱ졣
ǲе̫ǿˡ
ڤҹΪʲôҺ¶¶ûܵӰ죿
Ĳ⣬յ˵¶¶Ҳ˱أʴΪʲôһЧûС
ħ֮壬ƿԶžһе䣬¶¶Ƿˡ
Ȼ˵ûһ䲻ƽ⣬Ҳ˲Ⱦ
һ𾳽ǿߡ
ڶħ֮壬ټϹȻԾһ䡣
¶¶һľķˡ
˵ױռݵı˾ߣԴ˲ŻǰһС
¶¶˾֣ЦջסЦ⡣
ģ۷ʲô飬۵ʲôʱҶ뿪ģ
仰һΪ˺˾һҲǵ¶¶ﻰ
Դ˾֮һִδйĸоĵͻȻ̤ʵů޷԰εĳС
ô㷢ģ㱣֤һһ뿪ҵģ
˾ҧŴǣһȴģжôĿɰˣýҪ⼸Ůӵ·
¶¶
֣ʾ¶¶߹¶Ҫ˵
ôĽ㣿
ǵĿĵɽ֪ɣ
¶¶˵ͷȻ֪ȥһ˵ĿɽȻأ
ȻҪȥɽҪ;һȴĵطҲӦ֪ȴʲôطɡ
һ仰¶¶Ƭ̣ת˲ʲô˼
Ŀô
ôԣ˵ˣ㿴ĸбĸʵô
ԭʧĶȤζһθֶתͷ˿ӰĸˣǱſСñһ
֮ȴ
ȴһĵط֪֮ȴҲпġ
ഫɽĲԶһңȴ
ȴսŮӼΪϡ٣֣ضᱻȴжԣ֮ŮӽȴԹ
ɣҪɽȴǱؾ֮ء
Ǻ˾룬ĸװŮӣ¶¶Ǵ˽ȴĺڤҹָɽ£ȴ߾ϡ
Ȼ룬Ҳ֪ĸȴᷢ顣
Ҫǽĺڤҹ֪һǿһҪǰȴȥϷ

1705 

1705 
ȴֻҪʱԹᴩҡ
ȴ⣬ʮͤ
ĺڤҹʮͤʱѾ˵Ⱥ֮ͤУһǶ֪ǹǿ
֪ΪΣܾЩϤɾ˵ôһϤĸо
ڤҹһָо
֪ôԼеһĪĸоôطǸ֪
ͤΧŶһ㵭ĺͬħֺɫһֻǿ
ˣɣ
֮ͤУ˵صڶ˶ߣܸ֮оǿ󣬱Ƚļκ߶Ҫǿ
ŷǣڤҹ֮ͤУɽ˽ľ룬Ծɿ֮е˾ʲôӡ
Ŀʲô
Ȼ֪Է˭ӳȴһ̿ʼ˱˵أĿΪΣ
Ⱥȱ裬һЩ˵
ƾ֮ж裬㵭ĺڤҹˮҲûжһ裬ĿһֱźֵӰ
ģǶ˻ûбԼ̬֮ǰǲɱǵġ
һοڣƺЦ⡣
ɱһô죬˵ǰڤҹ
˵öԣĲˮվΪĲ衣
ڤҹڿĵʱе޷һĻʱһЦ˳
ʱȥôãڰԹỹûмκΡ
Ȼʶͺڰýĸе棬Ҫʲô
˲˵Ȼ˴ʲôֱ˵ͺˣҲʡı˴˷ʱ䡣
ǰǿ˿ֲ֪ԷݣͬʱǾ仰֪˾Ҫʲô
ãȻһ˵Ҳ˵ķϻˣ˴αϣ˼뱾¡
ԭأǶ˳ΪµСܣҪԭǰɣ
üźеһӰ
˶ϵĲ豭ǳһĵľٶ鿴һ
ԭܼ򵥣ڲ֮ǽ罫ңаᾭһսǱҪļǶ˵Ψһԭ򡣡
мֵļǣԼܵˣǶܷĸϰô
ԽҪ֮󵽵ʲôˣԽ޷
Ҳ֪ΪΣһϤоŨһݡ
񡣡
ĸֳڽĶߵʱ򣬽ĵɫһ¡

ħ֮һǰ
ֻҪǿ϶˼뱾Ӫ𲻽԰ԯңǶ˵Ը
ǸǣԯԼǵԸ
˵Цվǣڤҹ֣뿪ͤ
뿪֮ǰͣ˽Ųͷһۺеˡ
ҵԸʵֲˡ
£ڤҹʧ֮ͤ⣬ʱɫΧŵ˴ͤ˳һǸ
߼ҵĹܼƾճڸ̬ȹڡ
ħѾʼжˣҲ֪ҪҪ˸ٽĺڤҹˡ
˰ˣѾǼȻˡ
еȣĿ⿴ʧĵط̾һ
УǲڤҹĶ֣ĪҪȥǡ
ǣ
ܼ˵¶ʧֻ¸һ˻صͤмŲ衣
һߣ뿪ʮͤĽڤҹȴı߾ʱ¶¶Ҳ£˾ĸ˳ȴ⡣
ˣߣǸ˳˾ȻҳҶ
Ҳǣһֱҿ˼ջ𡣡
޲ûȥһܣˣĿ˿˾
żƽʱһһͷˣˣĲò̾ǿ

ǰһ뻹˵Щеķǿĸ֮󣬽еķһɨ⡣
ЦЦЦ֪Цǲ֪Ǽȴʲô飬ϵһҪصȴݺݵǸһһ٣
˲ˣϽǰɽҵĽӣȻ֮ء
֮ɽɽ¡
ǰֱƶ˵ɽ˲ɵĳ̾һĿĵأֻҪҵĽӾͺˡ
ɴʱɽһģα¥İŮӣŮڿļ˵ʱҲͣס˽Ų
λɽʲôô
Ů˵Ŀ˾ϵʱˣüͷɵƺʲôһ
ӵĻĽӵģ
ŶԭĽӰǸˣ
Ůǰ·˸󣬴ɽһֱ֮ʱɽɽ
ร
ĺ¶¶ڿǰһĻʱ򣬲ɵľ̾š
⣬ֱ˼ɾ
ɫ֮£Ʈɽγһķ羰ߣǶӵĻһѡסɽң
ǵһ£ȥĽͨһ
Ů濾꣬ɽһӣ˴ɽȥ˽һˣ㽫˴ɽ
Ƭ֮󣬱濾ˣ˿ˣʾ⽪ĵ˸ȥС
ĽӾСλǡ
ٴл濾ӡ
ôʦҪΪ֣ɣ
濾·˸С
СһһƬӷ¹⣬ں룬һŰɫľŮӳС
ͬ濾ŮĺܣɢϢԶ˱ᡣ
Ľӡ
˰ϵĽ߻عͷĵˡ
߸˵ϢԼĸϵ֮ʱĽ߾֪Щ˳ɽĿʲô
һɫӰǰȽĿɣĽһӣֻȫʲôʧһ㱻ˡ
ȥǸɶôô
ָһץԼϵ͸濾꣬˵ǿ濾еġ
£˾Ҳָģʱ䷢飬˺޲Ҹطȥ
лĽӣ
ضԣУǵѾˣȥ
ĽӲڿĵˣ۷СʼУһ±ơ
Ľ̬ȡǲе̫ˣ
ҲĽӣΪԳɹԭͷΪ𾳽ǿˡ
濾ͽɽ˵ŹĽӺԳɹ֮顣
һ󴮹֮Уܽ˹ĽӺԳɹ˵ĶԹǱпƭ޹ŮŮ뿪֮лڹ󸴺ϣŮ֮ˡ

1706 ǽ

1706 ǽ
ĽӺԳɹǹܲţѾˣҪɽԺúˡ
׼ɽԺ·ϣ˺
ħķ֮ɱڡ
ȻҳǰãǾҵΪ
ƺûҪͼ˶ֵ׼
ڤҹɾūһһء
߾͸ߣѳƺȥڤҹҲеģɣ
кŷţˡ
ǲĳʱ˿̵ĽĲǣһըҩͰһֻҪһĻǱԽ
ԣ׼ȷ˵ڵĽѾǱȼĻҩͰͲըˡ
Цţһ˫ȻӿŽģгƵı顣
ûһı꣬ҲǿһԼǵɾˣ飬ֺαڴء
仰˵ǼΪҪˣĽĸǻ󣬻Ⱥһ仰ڣ˫ֽӡҵ㽫ΧС
Ϻǣˡ
׼ǰһξͱҵƣǲѧĻôħȥ
һǴħĻɲǺǶˡ
ûҪ˶ֵ˼һתһɫĲӰǰʵıѾߡ
ħ˵ˣǿǵʱ䣬ѡվһĶ飬֮ǽᷢңһҪڻشϣ
仰
֮ǼʱᷢңҲ˵ĻʲôĶң
˵ɶ˼û
벻Ŀˣһһֵ˼ףЩʲô˼
Ҳ׼׼ˡ
Ȼ֪ħΪҾǺ˼δǺõģ
ɽ뿪۷ɽԺ·ϣȥһȴ˽һ׮£Ҳ˵һ۵㣬ҪǿǸ˵ķϣһ˵
ȵ˻صɽԺѾһ֮ˣɼ˻صɽԺ֮ûڵһʱڿүӡ
أ
ȦȦҲүӵӰӣյ˵үôƵˣ֪ǻ֮һŷĿǮ
ԺںɽҪԺĻȥɽá
үںɽʲôǻʱ򿴵ɽԺİˡ
¿˿ľϣŹЩİ׵ɡ
ɽԺȻԺʦЩûú
Щ˶μԡڵģԺںɽҲ׼ԡڵˡ
ԡڣԡʲôգɽԺô
ɴδ˵ԡ֣˾΢΢һ
ԡڣľ˵ô
ţһεԡɽԺɽٿȤĻҲȥɽԡڵĵһ졣
ԡڣĵ˲֪˾еҪԡ
ɶԡڣ
ô˵أ
˾룬Ϊ򵥵ĻһԡڵһЩϢ
ܱμԡڵģǶǲ½ĸ֣ûĻҲһС
ԡں˴᲻ͬľɽ˴ǽĴΪֵжħ磬ĶǽĴţԼļʵΪ
ԡԸ˵ʵ
ܱμԡڵģ¶һ̤𾳽ǿˡ
˾ôһ˵ĵȤɽԺĺɽ
һ£ɽǾԲ⿪ŵģΪԡڵĹϵɽɽſɽҲɽԺĸ֡
ǽĵ˲δ֪ڵλá
ɽԺ
ǮյĲֺ̧ͷ㿴˽һˣ֡
ǻãϷֲ
һԡڣæĲ֪ԣ߸С˵ˣҲһ
ѰôˣҵԳɹıˣ
ʾ⼸ԼȲ裬ڻе¶
ûش⣬ǰһѽָһöָ֮йûаҲʮοһˡ
үӣȥˣ
⻰˵ģϷʲô˵ˣϷɽԺԺõôǣҵ˱Ҳ֪Ϊʦ
̧ۿһ۽ģСѾͷ֪һҵ˱ء
ԳɹĲƱǲ˵Ըһýǰװ˱أ˵ĺ棬ʱʲô¶
үӣһ㡣
ĵ̬ѵʽǮ˻֣ýĸϽʡ
ȥɽ·ħµĺ߶˵֮ǽ罫ңңָǺң
ʼ
һ·ϽĶŶ˵һʲôңôҷɽôҲ벻ף޷ǾǴ֮ǣȵԭ˵ĻҲԳ֣ҲתħĻ
ô
еĽָȵĲ豭ǳһһ˲䣬Ĳڿڳ֮䲻ϵĻصţζ֮ſڻظŽĵ⡣
ǽÿʮһζ֮ʮһνѣʱаһζ¡
ү˵ŹǽÿʮһεңҲǽ١
Ϊǽ٣һαӻԴԴϱŷţõ֮˱ǿ޷
Ȼһ˻ɳΪǿߣʱʵ͸ŵаῪʼʳʣǿߡ
һʮǽڲõĽңԤʦԤԹһλҪǰǿٱ
֪ǽ֮ǽһƬѪ֮ء
ʮĹҪһƬ֮У½µĹأµļ嵮ǿǿС
ǽʮһε
Ҳ˵֮ǽǽٷʱǽͻҳһࣿ
ԣǴ⡣
үӵ˵ͷеһöָ֮ϸ
ԣʱҲˣϷҪǽ֮ǰǵΪ̶ȡ
ҲԼļƻڿҲʱüС˶Ӱˡ
ˣ
ƺʲôһЦٺٵЦ
ǵڴɽ˶ٱҪҪΪʦֵ㡣
¶¶ϳʲô
Ĵ˸ǷȫȫĽĻԵˡ
ĽʲôҪȻϰӳ԰ɡ
ͬ⣬ϳԽӣҪţڵĽӣ
ڶĽô
һһ׷뿪˺ɽ鷿ֻһ˿ŽʧеļӰһС˵

1707 

1707 
գԭҰ
ѵ˯һɻ˺úһеӣͱľϸˡ
ľϱʾԼҲΣԺֻ𴫴
ɽԺɽĴŹǷڸ֮У䵱ŷĽɫ
ԭҰ߸ˡ
λϣһıǽһ࣬ƽŵȫͬ
ԭļѹûʲôԡڲԡڣھ񾡿뿪ûصԭҰࡣ
ڣæһ죬߸˿ǽ棬һʮȽգǱһˡ
ڤҹҶ
ʲôΪڸȥ
ˣһȥԵɣҲˣۣ
עôǻأ
ֶܹܲ˼һǵĸܡ
Щʲô˰Ҿʶˣл˾磡
˵˾ջĲòˣ侲ǣټΪǿ˵Ҫ顣
ϾǽҪ֧˾ռҵˣ˾ռҵĳӡ
һ쵽Ÿô
˾ջı飬Դľɽ˾ջʼûЦ
Դм俪ʼһֱ
˾ʾԼҲûмЦΨһôɫһЩģֻǸŮˡ
ǸŮʧˣԴ֮󣬴һ֡
˾ռҵ˽´ʱ˿̵ûҲûȥʣҪľǳһȺķˣȻ˯һ
Ͼñү
ˣԡǲֻв½ĸֲμӣ
Ӧǣôˣ
˾ĿŽģΪʲôôʣ
֪ǲҵĴҲԯ˵Ϣ
жɣԡ붼ǲ½ĸԯһô
оǸԯء
һǿйᴩ˻ͷһ˲˾ջô
Ƿ˵˾ջʱѾվ
࡫
û˵ɶҪȻ벻ɶ
ԯأԯһôɽԺμԡڣ
үӲ˵ԡĶǲ½ĸô
ԯһ壬½һǿҲУֻǲѡ
˾ջĻ͸żֱӵζǴ߼˷űǷǵ顣
Цţعͷ˿еһˡ
ô˵ԯҵ˻һ˷УǴδҲܴԯһ˵ϲǹӵϢ
ԯأԯҵĹʲô
֮һ
ԯҺӴ󣬶ҵȼԯԯˣҲʮ֮һһԯ峤Ϊ谮Ķӡ
ԯ峤̳˵ĲѡҵǼ֮󣬱뿪ԯңֱǰ֮ǰŻصԯ壬Ϊʮ֮һ
ȵȣ
˾ջеһۣĴ˾ջĻ
˵ңǲǱԯŵǸңҵŮǺۣ
Ϊλ֪ң
ѾΪλ֪ҵ飬һ֪Ǻ֡
ΪһЩԭˣȻشңǸԯǲǺǺ۵ˣ
Ծļǵãľɽ֮УǺ۱ĥĲѺڰյɽ֮У֮½ǳ֮С
һУԭԯһΪ
ǡ
˾ջͷһ۽Ҳûжȥ
ҹɫɽԺԭҰУĸ˵ŹǺ۵顣
⹷յԯأҵֻһЩҵ¶û뵽ԯؾȻôɵֶƭǺۣ
Ѿʧʷ֮Уһֲ֪ҵԯңһֲ֪顣
ֻҪ֪ҵǳ֮ʲôطԯҵûҵҵǳ֮
أʲô
Ǻ۱߱㽫ǳ֮ңҳȥһöžǺ۸ҵǳ֮ˡ
˵Ǻ۵Ľֻ֣̾ϢҲ̾һŮ˵ĸȴǼ屻ıҽ֣ǺۼҲͻɡ
ٴԯһˣԯأ޲ýԯһǧ˲Ÿġ
ʱ˵Ϣľһγ֣˸ϽȥɽүҪ˵
ɽʱ򣬽ŵһɵѪζζԽǰ鷿ԽŨңһɲõԤиͷ
֨£
ƿţѪζü
Ԭڼ򵥵ø촦˿ڣĵ˳ֵʱ³һ
£˿Ѿ˼򵥵Ĵ
үӣô¶
Ÿˣǹᴩ죬˷׷šüͷ
Ϸû¶Ǳġ
û¶ʲôû¶ҲԼӣԼǿ⴮ô
Թţ˵Ҫ֪ô˵ģĿǰΪֹؼǽ븹һγүӵ˿ڡ
룬˾հҿ棬¶¶׼һЩˮ£Ұ˿ڣڤҹ֣
һĽû㹻үӵγֻܽڤҹ
˲Ҫġ
ڤҹŽĵһɫ԰׵죬һӣ˳ųĽʼϵ죬ֱΧ
һ㣬һ㣬ںɫħİΧ£뿪һڵϡ
߱񽣣Ǻöӵģ
ʧѪർɫֽүץס߱ӽ˽ָУһٶĽüͷʲôʱô̰ơ
Ȼ߱񽣹ᴩڱҪ
ĺ¸촦˿ڣһʱ֮Ž˿ڷϺá
ҩЧ£ү˯˹ȥʼվһԵԬϳ׵һ
Ԭϣôһ¶˭үӣ
̫ʵˣһֻѾ̤񾳣ֻҪҵ˺ʵĻԵԷǳΪ𾳽ǿߡ
񣬲Ƕ̶̵Ĺүӱ㱻ˣǺ
磬ħ֮һ磡
Ԭ³һ˲Ǳˣħ֮һŮħ硣
װɲ½ֵӻɽԺҵڴʮˡ
Ϊ˱˾ջŻᱻ߱񽣹ᴩʧһǶɽԺİ׼Ż֡
ħ֮УħѪ飬Ѳ⣬óɱ֪ȥԷκ
׼ɱ˾ջʱ򣬱¶һ˿˿΢ϢүҲħ硣
ԺΣ
û¶Ȼ߱ˣû˼ҪүӱΪǿ󣬲༸վͿԻָˡ
ĸԬүûд󰭣Ҫڰе磬Ա޹
ħ׷׵ǳֱ߽һд·¶ǽô򵥡

1708 һô

1708 һô
ˣμԡڴĸҲ֪еɣԡڴһٿһҪȥ㲻֪δĿΪΡ
ǸʲôλԺúȺãʲô¶ֱ˵ͳɡ
Ʊ˵żĻ˷׷׽üͷ
ԺأôǼСëӣ
ȻүˣҲ⼸ëͷСԡµλðɡ
˵Ŀ⣬εʼ磬Ҳĺô
ҪүôǣԼΪڣǲýĵ飬ô
λʦˣԡڴСȫȨλʲô֮
ܾܲǵˡ
ǲˬﻹأ
һΪǲ½ĸ־˲ôҪүӵţͽȺ˸ˡ
ʲô̬ȣһ󱳾ȻԳ񡣡
ڳĿɶǲ½ĸ֣ˣԯҵԯأҵˣڸ½ĸҲУŽĵ̬ȣһֺ˵˵Ȼˡ
үҲͰˣһССĺҶָֻţĿ𳤡
УȻô˵ĻΪҲЩ˵˵ˡ
˵ģһʼûдȺԣϾǴүٿεԡڴᣬΪˣԿơ
ҪȻĻҲЦ˵һ
Щϲ⾹ȻϣԼǳѹԭࡣ
Ǻǣ˼
ҪǺúõأǻ
̬ȣҲûбҪɫȥˡ
һ˵˵ʦ˵顣
ķɨ˵Ź˵һЩϸڡ
ûʦĻǴ󲿷˶ᱻˣҲΪˣүˣҽҩӦóһְɣȻΪүӵĵҲǣÿʮɡ
ΪǵĹϵɽأҲ绹ǵֱʣܹйأÿʮ򡣡
ŽоٳһģǽһĿࡣ
⣬⣬ֱſڿӵթ
ˣ˵ĻѾ˵ˣλǰ֮ǰӦĲźãȻȥ׷ծĻҲ޹⡣
ԸЩΪǵˣҪøΪҪİ취ҪȻǻΪ۸
ԺˣȷȷʵʵҵΣǮó
˵ţ˾ջһöָ͵ǰ
ˬ죬λǮأӶǮˣǲ˰ɣ
ĴǵЦŭ֪ӣ˾ջѾǮˣǼֲ֪˵ԵģҲֻһһװŲĽָ͵С


ʱŽĲǱˣǲ½ԯԯء
һϮ£·ԯҵգĿǰӣɵüͷ
ԯеĽָת뿪ʱ򣬽Ц˵һ仰
ǺҴһ仰ôÿɺá
£ԭתȥԯͣס˽ŲǰԯػعŽġ
λɶǻЩͷĸ֣󲿷˶֪ԯغǺ۵顣
ɱϾԯһ壬ҲֻǸڰۣȴҵ˵Ҳ֪ŮˢӣǵĴ
ҲǣĺԯһѾԹ˫˭ҲŹ˭ȻץסһеĻԷôҲԭˡ
ͣסŲԯأıΪշŭû뵽ǣȴֻǵһЦ
õҵǳ֮
仰Ц
õˣһҵǳ֮ȥ
һ仰ı֪ԯص֮ܽԼصĵˮ©ԯѡļ̳֮һ
Ҳ֪ĳǳ֮飬ȴ֪ԵľȻҵǳ֮
û뵽
û뵽
ԯŬҪõǳ֮ȻСѾͷĵˣЦ
ԯԾһЦգʲôҲô˵صԼλϡ
ɽ鷿
ɢڳϣһŹһ߿е鼮
վһԵԬȴǽ̾
һЩ
οԬϵԬܵ
Ժֲǲ֪ȺʲôƢ˽⽪⼸СĳƢһô찡
ģ˾ջڣģ˵ϷüСһԡ£ǽǳǰ
ߣ㽪˵ƢéӵʯͷԼ⼸ͽܵİġ
ģģ

1709 ɿ

1709 ɿ
ģ
ӵġ
Ȳ˵Щֻȥ˵ԭ߸˵Ƣʲôʦʲôͽܣ֪߸˻ʲô
ڣһ¡
ҹɫɽԺǼ飬ԭνջ
ǮĽЦˣһ㽫ָ˻ȥ
Щʱ
˵ԯôô
ԯҵ˻壬˵Ǻ۵ʱҲǰ㵭ȻԼİʶһ
˭֪˾ԲҪȻ֪ôġ
˵֮ʣһϢϮİ˫ŲԶĺˡ
óǸˡ
ȫ±ɫĲţ˿ʲôӣĲĳǰǺˡ
ԭҰкιɣ
ģڤҹ˶źˣκξٶһὫʬΣ˵Էԯҵĸ֡
еûз˴ӻóһԸ˽ġ
ķƤ΢΢üͷ
ʲôʲô⡣
˲Ǳˣԯء
ԯؽĵԯһĸԼԯһ
ǽжҪ˵ĻУŲ顣
ֻһ仰֮ԯת뿪ʱһȥʱҲʧӰ١
вɣɶ˼
ûŪԯԭಢӸһĿʲô
ֱ룬ĿĲ
ҲǱԯصľٶŪЩ⣬֣ǲıƣȿΪż֮پҲ١
ֽдʲô
Žıϵı仯̧Ҳһż
ֽϣдŵԯҪͽڤҹԯңԯϴơ
ô죿
ֽʯϣѯ˵
šüͷֽϵһһֻЩʵ̫˼
ԯҵҪǺԯңȥǲ̫ˣ
Ѿǳô򵥵ˣԯԯҵ֮һµȨҪʲôֻǿԯҵͷȴȨ
²һ¿˵ԯĺԱԽ룬˾Խǲ⣬ԯؼȻΪԯҵ£˵ľٶΪ֮ǹϹ
ˣҾͷһߣȵԯʲôٶȥжҲ٣ȥϢɡ
˯֮ǰĺڤҹȥһ˺ɽүӣҽԯصŸүӿ˿
үӣΪΣ
ôſɲţ١
еţڻӦŽĵ⡣
ԯ˽ģϾҲҵ飬ҲҵļǾѣҪΪʦ飬ȥԯҸֻһˡ
үӣƺ̫ԯأ
У㿴Ϸֻ۾ֳеı顣
һ۽ģǲԯأֻԯ֮Уԯ˻һ˿˿ζ
鵽ôһ¶
ֱ߽ģǺ۵Һԯһԯض֮Բ֪ô򵥡
Ҳ׽һȥԼָָԶĹӣʾ⽪İѹӶ˹һྐྵһ˵¡
갡ԯؿΪԯҼ̳˵ı׼ȥģԯһ巢һЩ磬ԯҴŷֳӪ
´£־ñغϺϾñطبŲĵˣԯһҲֱֻǰǸ׶Σԯһ峤ǿ֮һ
֮£ԯҲ֮ܺһΪԯصĹϵҲҲ
ԯǺమԯһֱңҪӪԼʵһ̲Ҳֻг³
ԯڵһҵǳ֮ԯҵǳ֮ץסԯһȨκԯиĿģңԯҵʵһеƸԯء
ԯص֪ѾˣǰԽеˣԯһ̿ʹࡣ
֮ԯʧֱǧǰصԯһ壬Ϊʮ֮һ
ԯؾͲ֪Ǻ۱˶ʮһɽ֮УǧĽ
֪Ҳ֪һЩԯҵ˴Ǻ۵ΪҪЮΪǺ۽ǳ֮ԯأû뵽ԯһʧʧ֮õʱ䡣
ʱһУ쳤̾һ
Ϊǳ֮ţٿǷм䶼͸ź⣬ĺޣʲô塣
Ϸ򲻻֣ôôһҪסˣԯһǿ󣬲ֻ˵˵ѡ
ģҪ͹κһ֣ԯңԯһǽôҲԭġ
֪ˣүӣô
绹ɽԺв֪˭ģ׼ŻɽԺĻ̻̣ߵ˻ΪɱԼ硣
ҲĺˣϷͬʱϷҲֽţŮһʱ޷
˸˵Ĵۻһλᣬһ֣Բ֮ڶᷢһۿɼɫâҪҲûԡ
ħ֮һ羹ȻҲүˡ
ǺǣƨϷˣһЩҪϷ
㼰ʱҪȻĽվļˡ
ˣһעһ£һμԡڵһЩ˼죬Ϸûв´ĻӦǱɽӰͼġ
ɽӰͼô֪ɽӰͼ
Ǽү֮⣬˭֪ɽӰͼĴڡ
ȵȡ
ĵ۵ǸСү
Ѳ츮Ҳĵ۵Сүйأ
ʲϵǻţ벻ףһǺСүйأĿʲô
үӣɽӰͼ֮УԳɹı֮⣬ʲô
֪ŶٶϷҲ֪һʲôɶģ˵ǿħʲôħ񰡣簡ڤҹĴħܽնɱûԵõͲ˵ˡ
үӵһûУͷһڤҹ
ڤҹߣ
ιιιϷĻ찡ôżߣϷĵúܣ
үôڣѾȥĽڤҹѹͲ
У壬Ϸħʥôٻ
ǵŹӣүƲƲ죬һѾʧеĶˣ۶
صԭҰĽĺڤҹ̯ɽӰͼΪĻһȾζš
ڤҹܿóô
˸ְ취޷ڲ͸ɽӰͼе

1710 ı

1710 ı
ˣΪҲ͸һ
ɽӰͼѾˣȻԼԼĿԭӣȻе
Ȼˣ뵽һ취
գɽ
գӦʦҪ⽫ɽӰͼ֮ڣλ͸ҲɽԺλľ⡣
ɽӰͼ
ĿɽӰͼֵʱһɴ˫ۿŰſĻ
չ֮ʣһصɽӰͼԴԴϵкҰһɴ˴̱ǵζڰ֮С
ʲôζ
ǻõԵʣش˻һЩζ
ĽζԭչǰɽӰͼɢŵĹâȥͺʹ˵еɽӰͼһÿһʶ
̰֮ǰȥۿ޲ɽӰͼȥϸԽǰζԽǳ˫ۡ
λ͸ʲôʦ֮ԣǸλ͸ԷĲյĽߡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣİһ˫˿⻰ûʲôףԭļ˶Ը񣬶Ȼƽ޹ʵͶȥһԭ
ЩôϲĻζô
̲סЦţҪǿŲԼЦ
°һۣҲǱסЦΪ˲Լ©ߣתǿЦ⣬򲻶ϵضš
˵ˣĻҲ˯ˣԴӳٲ֮һֱ˯ֻǰʱѹһΣһɽӰͼȾˡ
գգɽӰͼԳɹֱʣûûˣ
ȻԳɹɽԺƷŪλһʱʱ䣬λٿʲôҪջɽӰͼˡ
ڳ˻϶ǧϸۿ˾ջԯԼһԵ֮⡣
ǲǷʲô
ˡ
˾Сĸ߽ģ粻ǰǶɽӰͼȤֻΪн񱣬ζܲˡ
˾˵˾ջⲻֻ֪ԭ֮һ
ɽӰͼƷǹζʵĴ̱ǣнԼǿ֢˾ջܲôۻĶԻɱȥˡ
ɺԯһԽĵΪˣһĽɽӰͼó˹ͣûбԭ˵ȥЩ棬Ŀʲô
һʱʱȥˣôûܴɽӰͼ濴ᱦˡ
һʱʱѵλ°ɣ
£ƾʲô£Ϊүӵͽܾ˲ˣǳȺһȥ
ʮɽӰͼǰĿĺԣǿһǾԲýİɽӰͼջȥġ
λǰҪţɽԺشչɽӰͼλͣʱˣλҲӦýɽӰͼǡ
ƨ
ѹû㻹ɽӰͼһĿľΪɽӰͼ˴ͼô׳
ҲǣˣƾЩС޸κβǣɽӰͼΣǹԹԵ
ʮǿӲĻ΢΢̾һ˫ֽ䣬һ⸡ɽӰͼΧ˷ӦɽӰͼôջ˻ҽ
ĶǸ֣ɵ飬ɽɽӰͼյĲһĻ棬Ǻҵ
û˿ĺҵ
㡭ôԯһҵ𡣡
ǴɽӰͼһȺˣԯҲƬ̡
ҵԯһϵطֻԯһŮӷ޳ɣΪޱǿ
ֻԯһ壬ΪνҲҵ
ںҵ֮£ɽӰͼΪ˻ҽƮɢǰ
΢΢üͷһ˫ɨˡ
ֻɽӰͼ´ΣλǰԸ
£תȥԭҲʧǰֻʣºɽ㿴ҿ㣬տ򱻷ճɺڻҵɽӰͼ
͡ôˣǿɽӰͼ
һЩۣһЩϧ
˾ջҲ׽͸ĵľٶΪΡ
뿪˺ɽصԭҰ࣬ڱסŽģΪɶҪɽӰͼ
ģ֪Լɣܲܺҽ
Ū¶ƣ²ͷôĿʲô
ܼ򵥣ҲˣȺ˵ĿɽӰͼһɽӰͼǵУǲ²͸Ȼǵ鷳ɽӰͼʼǸҺڤҹϳҲ޷͸
ˣˣȺġ
ԣ
ôĿġ
˽ٵĻЩһţΪǽɽӰͼʱ˵׼ᷢʲô¶ˡ
񣬽е¶ڷϣǰջɽӰͼһЩɽӰͼ˾ҲҲʲôˡ
ԭˣ
ôһ¶
ʱ򣬽ĺڤҹȥ˺ɽүӣһţ㿴ڴߣźŻ飬ԵõģǶȼһȫû֮˸е״̬
ʱ򣬽Ķǹ˵ģýһжƸǡ
ϣˣ£ϷһҪ˵
Ŷ˵Ҳʡȥˡ
콫һӵϡ
ȿ֮ڸ˵˵ôġ
ŷ⣬ֽϵݣһλʱ򣬷˲Բˡ
ļٵģϢǶǰġ
Ҳʮ֮ǰɣŵɽԺ
ֽдĺͽİݶ뿪ǳȥ벻֪٣ŵλӦԪɽ
үӣԪɽʲôط
ﰡһħµĵطϷû´ĻӦȥԪɽһ
ֻƲ⣬ƲȷҲ߰˳ҡ
Ҷʲô
Ԫݡ
Ԫݣ
Ԫʲô
ȱżɶ¶ҲõϷ˵ɡ
һ۽ģƲȥԪɽԪݵĿġ
ԪɽȻһħµĵطгŵһֲԪݿʹΪѸҩԪݶѾ˵ûκô֮Իδеĺͯа
ٸӣԯһĵճԯ룬˾һĴ˾ջڻδе֮ʱÿ궼һԪݣڿʼ֮ٶ˵İٱ֮ࡣ
ؼһ㣬ԪݻһֱΪţӦǸĻеӤá
ССôˣΪʲôҪԪݣΪʲôΪţ
һЩһסˡ
ȻδãΪĽһȥԪɽѰԪݵĿΪСĻˡ
ĪҪǣү˵ꡣ
ڤҹŽĵҲϵ˵СӤްȵȵĻýһ
ôһ£

1711 Ҳû

1711 Ҳû
õϢĺͽİݷ޶˱źǰԪɽѰԪݡ
ԪֶֻԪɽ֮УҪժΣգҪ֪Ԫɽֵطħû룬ɽѰԪݡ
ԯһ˾һ˵ǿ壬ÿҲֻѰһԪݸ÷ã֪ǰԪɽժԪжôĿֲ
ȱ𼱣Ϸ˵ϷõϢĻбŵӤֻΪѣӦǴǳгӵǿǳ̫С޷Ϊ
Ŀԣɸ߽ģĺͽİȥԪݵԭܲΪСӳʲô¶ֻǵҪסʧΪ˶ѡ
ЩĵǵһЩɻǲġ
һ飬ϷԬ˵˰ͼ
ţˡ
ļ˵ĸ֪죬޷͸ͼʲô˰ͼҵħڤҹΣա
ֻ֮һΣգҲ鷢
ˣҲȻ統˵ǰɽӰͼˣһ˰ˣʡЩҪɽӰͼ
үӣ⼸տɲൽϢ
ɽӰͼ֮⣬Ļĵı硣
ħһһ޿÷벻ýǽйء
ɽѧԺ֮в֪ˮģǵμԡڵĵǲԭļˡ
˵үڰ׵ķΧ֮ϱŷɼĹâ˭֪᲻ʲô鷢
һ㾡ɷģϷϢ
һ㣬ٸұ֤Դһҹ֮ûгɽԺķΧڣеĻһӦõϢ
˵ˣֻҪϹǸƽҲܼӰ
Ϸǰʱָһ㣬ǽҲˣʱǽȻңԡ֮ҪúõС
֮Уǽٱô
³һ̧ͷĿ⿴ڤҹ
С׺͵
СѾͷҪסϷĻң׺͵ΪҪ߶ˣΪҪľﵽߵľ磬ô
쵱Ȼ֪ʲôڲǷʱ
໹аʱǽپҪʱǽ綼ҳһ࣬Ѫ쳣Ϳ̿ÿΪԱ˵
һԡڵĿҲΪһǽ֮¡
ܳڴ˴ԡ֮еĸ֣һΪڲ½ŵΣҲһĴ
Ҳû뵽ħ֮һҲС
ûлشĻ뿪˺ɽԺ
뿪ʱԬ϶һǰɫЩǵĿԶȥĽġ
ԺĲĽĻȥҷĽİݶô
ģΪʲôҪģ
Ԭнӹ֮࣬û¶һ´ǡ
СѾͷ¶ϷģȥĻضҪӦ֮ߡ
ߵߣ͸ӿƲڸסɫ
ҪˣǽҲûˡ
һ仰ζֽдһŽԬϡ
ٶ͵ĪԨƵУҪж
ǣԺԬʧҹɫ֮Уֻһ˿Զ΢΢Źâ֮ء
ô
֣ǸֳһĨթЦ⡣
ա
ɽԺɽ
ԴսɽӰͼ֮󣬲˶Դľɱһ
ҲôȺˣһγΪүӴǽٵ顣
λǰμԡڣһΪλǰǲ½֮ˣô֮ʱǽٵλǰǷӦ֮ߡ
ʱ䣬˵ٻǽٲŻήô
һޣ󲿷˶ɴ˫ۣŵĿġ
԰˾˵֮ǽٲŻή٣Ϊλǰʱ䡣
ǣСɱſڿƭǣҥºʮء
˵ʣЦţһǰŲŲı飬Ѿ˵ĻȫȺԲ⣬಻žǱ˵ˡ
ʦĻѾ˵ˣûбɢ˰ɡ
˻֣תߣǾٶɴ䣬κοĻᡣ
ŽʧеļӰ㿴ҿ㣬Ŀ˾ջԯض˵ϡ
ӣԯ£⽪̫Ŀˣ
˵Ļ£ҲŸ˵ŲԭĻ
ʱ˾еĲ豭ϸ˫۵ɨˣ˵һ仰
Ȼˣȥҽľǡ
䣬˾ջȥ

1712 Ů

1712  Ů
˾ջʧеӰ˶±ˡ
ʲôȻˣǾȥҽľǣ˾ռҳ飬ɱһɱļ˵֪ʲôؼŰ裬Ը˷ôĴࣿ
ĵ׵ȻŭԣϾ˾ջǲ½Ĵӡ
Ȼ˾ռҵָˣǾھֻʣ²½ԯһ塣
ԯһͽгޣ¶һġ
ڵ˼ǰԯǰĸ
ԯ£㿴Ҳķģĵ˲ûд֮ҽɽӰͼˣ˵ȻʵĲˣ
˵˼ԯسͷѵһ½߸ˡ
ʲôĿʲô˼˵Ȼ˽⣬ֻΪԯΪԯҵ»ᰴ˵Ļúõؽѵһ½ĵˣû뵽ԯصı龹Ȼһ²ؼģ񷽲˵Ļƨ
ԯضŲ豭ǳһ̧ϸӿ˿˵ˡ
ôƬ̵Ĺ򣬺ڵ˱ԯؿֱëǲ˵ʲô
ƷŸղԼ˵ЩҲûë˲ô߸̫ջ𣬶һɽӰͼ¶ǲһѵĻǻʲôڲ½ǽ㡣
ɲ֪ΪΣ˾ռҵĴûзӦԯһԯƺҲ顣
ô¶ԯһͽĲǴüôһΪɶôƽ
˲⣬ԯҲôȺˣ˾ջһ뿪˺ɽֻʣһ㿴ҿ㣬˾ջԯ߶˵˼
ˣôģ
һߣڤҹȥɽ鷿鷿ǳǺȻ־С˵һ˵Ͻеʳֲָֻ״̬һͷԵ˳ϣ˳鷿ʱѽѽĺԼʲôʲôطۣʲôʲô
ʦʲô¶¶ȥóԵģ
ǸʲôҲ̫࣬򵥵һЩУʲô˱Ѽʲô伦ԡ
ã¶¶ھȥ
¶¶һһҪԵĶ¶¶׼תȥɽСʱ򣬱˾ץסһĵĿүӡ
ȣ¶¶ͱ鷳ˣ˵ʦڼȻ˿ڻûлָͲ˳ЩĶĺǾأ
˾ô᲻֪үӵѾָ߰˰ˣ߱ҲͺõĲˣ񲻹ǽֲΪڲǨ¶ˡ
ţ˾ʦ˿ڻûǽʱһݺεıô԰ʱ仹ǳ嵭һЩʳȽϺãһҩмһЩڻָ˿ڵҩݡ
ЦţЦôүӸеˣС˶ԾǹģԵ㶫ôˡ
һĳӲǰɣȻϷݺΣ
һӣһŭݵĿǰ߸Сӡ
үӣȱҲԬ˵ˣɡ
ɶ
˽һۣȻ֪ɽʲô飬ԯصľٶе㿴ס
Ǻԯ֮䣬ǲɶף
ֻǲ²⣬Ĳ²ѡ
Ŷүô˵仰
ҲЦţЦѾ˵үӵĲ²ⶼȷġ
Ҫƽ棬ȺСһǶԯֵģʲôû˵ֻǵϷ
˵Żǲɶ֪飬ֻǽյԯʧһСʱϢȥʲô㲻ö֪ˡ
ҲûҲ˵ԼĲ²⡣
үӣԯصĿҪִԯң˵ĸ𣿡
Ž˵ԼĲ²⣬ε̾һ˿ԯһ̧ͷŽġ
涼УϷֻΪԯǺۣû뵽İǺۡ
ʦԯİǺۣҪôˣԯزӦò֪Ǻ۱ԯҹѺɽа
ĳʶ⣬ԯԯһȨôȲ˵ʮ֮һ˵ǰݣԯ岻ļ̳ߣƾ֪Ǻ۱Ѻʲôط
УĲ֪Ǻ۵³ôˣԯʧǶʱ棬ȥʲô
޷ԯʲôҲԯʧǶʱ﾿ȥʲôطʲôӵ飬һ㣬ԯǺ¶
Ͱǵŵĸоȥ±ɣԯˣϷۺܼ򵥡
˵Լԯصֻۣж̶̵һ仰һܷԯһˡ
ʼԯػǱкܴϾҵźԯֱӵĹϵԯʧٴγ־ͳΪԯһ¡
һԭ򣬵ΪξͲö֪ˣֻܵȵԯԼ˵
ǰĲ豭ǳһ硣
ǽ磬ضǽٵĽ٣һ츲صı仯
ʲôı仯
Ϊķ츲أôı仯
仰һͨ
Ϸڸ̾һѣٸʸôҪʱ仹ϵϵԼе⡣
ˣ˵⣬Ӷ飬ֱ𽻸˽ģ룬£˾ˡ
ȵԡڽ֮չȥ¶¶ǸϷߣϷû
ڤҹΪѾԼ֮ˣľɽ˴ʱĲڤҹ̤𾳽硣
˱˰
Ϲħ˵ӵ˺ڰټʾ

һ̾һҲԼΪһ𾴣һһСǧһ󲽾Ͳö֪ˡ
ʱ֮Ϊ˸ϽԭҰࡣ
صԭҰļԶԶľͿԯصӰԼںԯˣĻ
һĻһ˲ǰ
ԯȻǺڲȫ˽ԯص£ˡ
磬ôˣ
࣬Ϻϵ˶߰˰ˡ
þʮֿɰټԴǵϲ
¶¶ҲǸˣΪɰԭҰ֮ԼССˡ
𿴻С磬ȴǴĳ棬Ҫǿ
ñϣ˯֮ǰҪ뽲£ҲԱߣҲ뿴ôĺø磬½һ룬˵ʱ򣬻Ϊ˱ԼĿģһץסӵԶ
ֻ˵һҪʵĻɢˡ
ԣڽС˵£һŮʵʡ
ˣлչ˵СãԯؾĵҲġ

1713 Ҫ

1713  Ҫ
ԭҰࡣ
¶¶˷򵥵Ĵֲ赭˳Եǽһ㡣
װԯҲԭҰ࣬Ҫ˵˵Լļƻɿż˵ĳ࣬һȻԼ˵жϡ
һӵķ˲Ƭ̱㱻һɨ⣬Ĵűá
öʲô˵ɣΧѾ˽磬徳ǿ߽Ҳ޷֪Ĵڣ
ʵҲԯغúõһģһԯһᣬŴ֣пհ׵ĵط⡣
ԯأȻҶ˳ĵĺһʹ顣
ϣһлմԯһҪְհ׵ĵطѾȥˣùֳ֡
ԯز²ŽҪʵ⣬ȽĿڣ㽫Ĵ𰸻ظ
ʲô
ָļ֣ԯΪ
ԯ˾֪ΪʲôҪԯֵԱߣɫıʼصıǳ
ԯһˣһԯĽҶԯضԯƷƵȼҲɫıʼ˳
ЩӣǶԯΣˡ
ԯ忴һԯ֣м֮ͬɫܿıʧ
Ǹɱԯһڶ֣ܵϢİݺͷѾ뿪ǳǰԪɽԯҲɳɱǰԪɽ
ʱԯִӻóһţֽϵԼЩϤ
ʲô
һת㡣
ˣ
ԯصĹˣ
΢΢üͷżһΪʲôּϤ
ôʲô˶ʶ
ֽǾּдǽʱԯأһʳΪ˰ݰֵܣýԯأһ𵷻ԯҵȵȡ
Щڽ˵ûʲôҪݣ֪ǾдһĿʲô
ôһľ񲻿ֻǵظԼһŶѡ
Ȼֽè塣
һ㱡ֽűֽм䣬ǲֽһдԲͬҲּᷢвеĶߡ
ڼв֮Уһ⴦ֽڽǰֻֽд˼̵ļ仰ǲ֪ΪΣּǰȴǿЩֵдʲô
ڤҹܿô
֣ǰ
Խ뿴Խǿдŵʲôʲô󷢻أ
Ӧһʧõżд֣۲첻κõϢ
ڤҹһӣ޳ָƿֻֽһ죬һֽȻ˲䱬ѿһһӰг֡
ЩǸɶҵ졭ôططʧô
һʼǺǰۿǿһ鼮Уذڷŵһ龹Ȼϵطֻ峤ЩеѾڲ½ǽ綼СʱãΪɶ
£㿴ⱾʦǱ飿
һ飬ôôүӸǵƺܶ࣬кܴĲͬ
´нӹ鼮򵥵طһ£ֽүӸ˶Աȡ
ʦ顭Ȿеϰһ½ڣ
Ҳǣ
Ҳ͵ҵԱһ£Ȼ˵һ
ǰγСɽһǧ౾ȲЩôģֻҪЩϵطΪһ簡
ԯأȻҶѾ˺һȥ졣
Ļǣ˵ԼԯҪȥ顣
ү˵ҲͰʱǽٱή٣һǽٳ֣ǽͻҳһࡣ
ڣԪɽѰԪݣǵҪȥ׺͵ҲԣҪʱúù滮һ鲢ԼΪ
˵
ԯؿŽģȴġ
ү˵ʱǽٽ٣ڣҲܱҵףԯһж֮ǰ׵֪ԯһĶ򡣡
ð졣
ԯӦţ˵ʲôҲҪĴӦԼһ顣
Ұ£ҲҪԷɣǽٽ֮󣬱ֵ߸ԯһ塣
ԯص׻ǲŽģŮ̫թ̫ԶΪ˭Ҳ֪һʲô
ԣԯҪһԣԡ
ߺҪıΡ
ԯصɣ΢΢üͷԯصһջýԡ
ԯ˵ǺۼȻǳ֮˽ģǺ۵۹⣬ŽĵΪˣҴ˽ǽ翪ʼƺûʲôʵ顣
˵Ҫĵһԣ˶ѡ

1714 ҪԼ

1714  ҪԼ
ԣǽǽٽ֮󣬻ԯغٵ߸ԯңԯҪʱ汣֤ĸõİȫ
õԯصı֤Ҳͷˡ
ҹɫɽԺԭһ˺ɽ鷿С
үյĺŲСģص־С˵ʱ򣬱˵ĵ¡
ôɶ
˫첻Ŀ߸ˣôɽԺɶ¶
׻˵úãڷǼ鼴ôˣ⼸С޿϶ԼģǾֻеˡ
ţرסԼǻĽƱǧ⼸С˶Ӹˡ
˲ûκζ֮Ŀ죬ǳĲϰߡ
ɶ˵ôϷе㲻ϰǵ̬ȣ
̫֪СʲôƢԵˣ֮ģˣΪʦǲϰߣǸоǱʲôԿһӣ֪˭ģκķֱ治
˵˵Ŀĵʲô
ʦһһ£ûʲôıأͺñǳ֮ĵطһԵֵùĹ⾰
仰˵һ˳֮еı֮ɫıš
أܴأ
һԵֵùʱ䣬Ҫֺõطǽ粻ˣǿ߱ߣҪô
Ǵɶ
Ҳûʲôһ£ϾǽٽٻаĻʱ䣬ʱԼΪҲӦԲ֪Σա
Ľеһǰ쿴ǱʱɫɵסˣֱĿ鼮ϵּ
ԵѾͷʲôطõⱾ飿
ԵⱾ鲢ʲôطϳѧʱⱾ֮Уǿڿഫ֮С
ǣ񿴵ⱾͳǰǸ
ܲ
һ徳Ϊ쾳۷𾴣ֻҪһԵԣ˭֪Եʲôʱ
Ҳʮ꣬Ҳ죬пǧ֮ãڴٵ֮ʣҲ޷ҵ𾳽ĻԵʲô
ڲһԵǰ
ֻҪСԵⱾ飬ѰŷһĲ͸ԵУһ쾳۷嵽Ҳֻʱˡ
Ȿģ
ȽĿڻشһ˳
Ȿһҵģҿ˿үãɽ
Цţ˵ⱾԵ
ǡԵһ飬һ鶼Ǿҵġ
뿪ʮһ֮㵽һ½Ѱɢǳ֮֮ʱҵһ˿صĲǲѾͲңֽŶѾùؤϾɲеĳʪζ
ҲˣҪߵʱһ΢Ĺâע⡣
ҲΪâþ˲֮ڷϾɲ¶˽ҵЩ顣
Ǵǽʱ棬Ҳǽ磬ԯأ˴˹ʶ֪ԯҪɽԺʱ򣬱㽫ʩ˻ؽһŽԯأתԼ
˵ž飬ҲԵ
Ȼˣã
ʾ˸
߸˸ɽԺһңھһ֮ڵһƻͨĶѨ
Ѩ˹ģһɽԺѧԺԺյı־
ʦʲôطôо
˫֪ʲôԼҪĸоѹ֣ʮֵѹ֡
ǲǾôѾ
֣ᴥŶѨеʯţֻһʯһѿɢһصʯ˲ʧ
ǿ
ָʯ֮ļ̨̨һоÿһâɢŲͬɫʡ
ʲô
ɽԺΪţX֮ء
ʯ֮󣬼Ҳ˽ɢŲͬɫĸ̨ŷǿϢϢѹ޷ҲǾúѣ˾ˡ
¶¶̤붴Ѩʱ¶¶˽磬ҪȻһᱻѹֵϢ
͵ʯֱ̨֮ͨͬأΪʦܸǵıǣ֮һ⣬̤󲻵ľ硣
˵ʯ̨ĲͬѰ֮
Щʯ̨ǵԶģ˭Ҳ֪ôڴ˴ɽԺһԺʯ̨Ĳƽ֮㽫䲼Ϊ֮ء
˵һʯ̨֮һ⣬г׵ĳɾͣ뿪Ļʯ̨Ҳ뿪
һҪסһһֻܽʯ̨һΣһҲ޷УԽ֮أԽܻǿ
¶¶֮⣬Ǿȥ
¶¶ûκΪҪԽ̵¶¶⺢ѱֻβٿֻΪǿԼĻõֻӵΪ
ڤҹôȻѾ𾳽磬ˣʯ̨֮Ҳ벻ջ
ȥ
ȥ
ҵҪʲôļһ
˵һ£ѡԶ֮ȥһţһᴳһ
УϷ͵ǵĺϢһ飬֮صʱǽʱͬһһĹ⾰ǰֻлŲȡǿ
첻òˣﶼ˫Եģˣ֮ظˡ
Σ֮ӵǿҲڵΣգʲô漶飬õѡ
˻ţһĳ¶޷֮ؾԮģң֮ÿʮܽһˡ
ڤҹң
֪ڤҹԼûκѡ񣬲ǿڤҹԼ
ɷϣڤҹǿģΪڤҹ׸
Ҫģһ𲢼ս
ŽļᶨĿ⣬գڤҹֻε̾Ϣţ֣޳ָظŽĵգĳ硣
СΪϲߣΪߣҪѧᱣԼ
֪ҲˣѾ̤𾳽磬ҪСģһ˿˿Ҳᵣĵģ
ߣĺڤҹ˻żĲᣬһߣ˾Ҳǧ¶¶
Ұʱ䣬ֻҪʱұ
¶¶û˵ߵĵ˵ͷԼҪ˵
УһҪʱǵóԷúøʦѧϰҪһ㣬Ҫʦĳë
ιСô˵أʲôΪʦĳëΪʦʲôë
һ˾Сϱʦˡ
һߣ£ѵܿ˿˴ˣо

1715 ɭ

1715 ɭ
ˣȻȥͱĥĥˣ
һεķΪһεļ棬ʱ䣬ŵȵٴμȺСӵʱһһ츲صı仯
ʱӦǽٵĵǽĻˡ
ģڤҹ£˾˷ֱվ˸̨ϣֻ̤â֮ʣʧ¶¶ǰ
ʦ֮ػ᲻Σա
ȻΣգûΣգôǳɳ
Цţ˫ָתȥ¶¶Ҳ뿪˶Ѩ
СѾͷʱ䣬ҪΪʦúõѧϰˣҲϻǸѾͷ
õʦ
ʱ䣬˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô飬ţٴμ棬С˶һȣǾš
ѡǵһ̨ɫâ֮£ǰκֻܸŸоһǰС
ڴʱһЦصڽĵĶߣת˲䣬Цɢ
ʱԶʱƮֱɫĹâɢȥſԼڵĵطһƬڸǵɽȡ
ɽ֮Уܰ޵ʵʵɽһƬ֮ܿ⣬ֲָܼĺڡ
ЦɽеĹ﷢ġ
񣿡
Ĺ￴ĵʱһ˫ÿüͷ΢΢˵ֵʱҡҡͷԼղ˵һ
ԣǹ񣬹ûôᡣ
ǹļ̳ˣʶ񣿡
ߵĹǰѯǷҲʶ
˵ͷſ˳һ´˴
Ҳʱ䣬ܾǰҲ⣬ʱһ¶֪Ů
ƺܻǰ飬Ĺ߽а
ǻ۵
˵Ȼõ˹óϣΪļ̳ˣһҲİɣ
Ľһ¹
ĵɭ֣Ÿָ͵Ұޣɵĵܵˮεģֶ֮Ҫൽ޷
ңĹ޶ѾûΣӵԼȺͳУҪסһ֪ǱΣյԤס
ʲô˼
ܼ򵥣֮ÿʮ꿪һΣΪⲻ֪ȴ֮ص
ٴθ߽ģ翴֮ػǿ٣ʱ˿̣һԻȡΪͬʱ߾ᱻɭеһ׷
ҪôȨһԱ뿪ͬʱڳ֮ء
Ҫôͺͳǧϰ׷һɱֻҪΪ۷ǿߡ
밡ݹɭִֻһ˳ɹѹɭ֮еǿߣɭеʡ
Ҳˣڳȥ֮ûͲ֪ˡ
СѾͷǵô
ĳָָɽֵ֮մţֻҪ̤һյĴţʽɭ֮С
һ̤һţԮΪɭʥħ޵ȵȵȵȵ׷ǻץɱΪҫ
ɭеǿߣһǿУǿÿʮһɱΪ˵һСѾͷ뿪ɽȵıΧͻΪ˿еʳ
˼
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĲδĻе£֮еȤʮ㣬Ҳǹ̫õİΣյ֮󣬽ĵɱҲǣ˳
߹ǰĺԥ̤֮ţâʲôɽȣеֻһƬڵ֡
ɭ֣Ŵ֮֮һҲԶŵ޳
ָУС״˸Ƿӽָ󿴿ֿսĿ˲Զĺڰ֮С
ˣԶһСһŻҪСһЩ
ţ˯
һԤУСף춼Ҫ
ڴʱһصܣгɱ⣬ֻҹֻɫɢżĹâԽĿġ
ߣû뵽Ȼñүץߡ
ڱձǳʳδԹҪúõһ٣û뵽컹Ƕո뿪ɽߡ
ڱ˽ĵͬʱҲ֪˺ڱߡ
ҹɫڻ£ֻԼԼĿһ˫ںҹи
Ⱥڱһ˲䣬ǿ˺ڱͷˮţô󡭡ɭӪǲ̫ˣ
Զ֮أһͷڱĸͷҲӴ
ǺڱͷٴҲǽĵĶ֡
һȭһȭںڱ۾ϡ

1716 

1716  
Ҳô
ںڱüĵһȭ໽УͷˮţСĺڱҲ±ˡ
ӼڵϷ˺üȦͣһ໽ţһ߰˼⡣
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ι
ڵϵĺڱǰ˺ڱǰ
ɭ˭ϴ󡣡
үƾʲô㣡
ڱԳƱүǾĿǰ˵֪ԼʵȫǰŮûñȣǲ밤ĻעôʱȽϺá
ƾʲôѵҪһ٣˵ֱӰ㿾˳ԣ
΢΢üͷźڱһίģʲôûɣ˸ڱһȭ֮⣬ӦǻûĹֵ顣
ڽĵв֮£ݵĳĬ֪֮˫ս£ʲôڱͻشʲô
ڱɭ϶˵ĺڱһȺһǳɢģû뵽˽ġ
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ɭֳַ˰˸ǿʵԼ˸Ϸֵĵ̣ұ˴Ϸɭֵ
˴Ҳ˵ɭа˸ǿĸˣ
˸ԶԶֹ
ڱҡҡͷĵ뷨ɭ֮еĸԶԶֹ˴ô򵥡
ɭִ㻳Ǻڱ˶δ߳ɭ֣ңԴʼû˴֮еκһλǵսȴɭʮֲֿ
ɭֿɲֻа˴˸ֱ֣֮ȱȽǶţë
źڱĸִĽʺޣĵ˵ͷɭִŵϵ
ڵλɭֵ϶ˣΪ¥޵һҲǰ˴֮һ¥Ͻɭ֡
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˫ѾˡҪʱǽǽٵ֮ǰսɭֵİ˴
һ顣
˵
ڱŴŮ˵ϲޱǿɱ⣬ɱ˱ɭɭһڿˮҲԼû˵ֵĻֵ飬ʱ˿̵³ӵı͡
Ұ
˵ɭ֮һֹӣߵںδ
Ҳڽɭ֮ǰүڶ˵һ仰ȻԼԼЩȷȷʵʵ˼
үҲԼѡɭ֮أ˵һ
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ڱŬţ֪ģǾλЩˡ
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һĨЦ⸡ڴǣʧ˺ڱǰ
ڱнʧӰ֪ΪΣһĪĸо
ܾãΪߵĵɭֻᷢ츲صı仯
ҹɫɭ֡
¹͸Ҷķ϶ڽĵϣеĽ顣
мһЩԶŵ顣
ԶŵĴڸϹʱǶǴص磬
磬Ůϴ̹Ŵȵȣ
ڴʱһϸϸµصڶߣѰȥֻ¹֮£һɫСëһĿķΧڣƺҪ͵ȡϵʳ
СëǷ˽עԼһһ˻ȥΪ̫˵ԭ׳ŵǰʮΣĽĶЦ˳
ֻгƴССëһ˫۾۾գţҲ֪ʲôƷ֡
ԣ
ౡ
Сë˵ĻֵǣľȻСë˵ʲô˼
ؼȴֻܴСë౵д˼
֣
԰ɡ
еĽӦСëľٶСëҲӴһЩǰһԾϵĿҧϵһԵпʼ
˸ǷҲСëǸʲôƷֵħޣתű˯
һҹ޻
峿Ŵأ糿ɭ쳣ȡ
һɫ˶Ľļ򵥵Ϥһʰ׼ǰУ¥϶˵ͱȥѰ
ˣԼڵΪ¥޵Ķ֣ҪɭֵĴֻǿɡ
һʱ䣬Ķɭи·ʱͣϢԷ
ûڤҹߣĺòϰߣ
̾һĳſζ⣬ǻ
ڤҹĺóԵģڤҹᣬԼзһ
ֻǻ˵ԼΪڤҹ׸һǿվߣһ𲢼ս
ౡ
ĳûʲôζĿ֮ʱԶǴһ౵쳣Ĵ̶ʲôΣһ
ʹ֮£Դķ˹ȥ
һϱСë֮ʱĲɵüͷ
Ȼȣ
Сë򶼱ϣƺһСëñһҧסˣȣû뵽һġ
Сëĵʱ౸ͣ
ſҵ
Ҫǰ⿪סСë֮ʱһ
عͷĿŶڲݴ˳꣬ͷϻһ˫ǣЩ졣
ſҵ
˽ǵŹǰֹǩԼȿһɿСëСëԼߡ
㡭ҵ
ߵĿŽģȻôǸ
ţˡ
ʼ磬ʾԼѾСëˣôţҪһܲô
ߣɭ־ģ˵ܱز٣Ҳ޷⡣
ǰͷϳһ˫ǣӦˡ
ǡ
İڶϸֶһĨЦݾ䡣
ʲô㡭ϣ
һȭԿϣ걻һȭǰֱðǡ
вҵﲻ˵ң
ŽĵĶԣִ򲻹ģˡ
šΪô֮ף
ĸȱµ㣬˱Ϊߵĸ֣
ĶӽСĶӣҲΪ֤ԼѾˣҲǸ˺ǻСӡ
û뵽ո뿪˽ġ
Ůô˱Ĵԣ
ŽģҪǴ򲻹ģ˿Կǣװĵʲô⡣
ôûΪأ

1717 ûĵ

1717 ûĵ
üͷǲĿ
ڱǸ˲˵ΣôǸ֣ôĺڱСëĶӶôϡ
ʲô˼ڱң
Ǳӣֻ˵һʵѡ
ߣӽָóһöǣ
Ȼ֪ʲôȥζȥʱеһɨ⡣
ô
ûˡ
İһ񣬰ǳԳ˿аײ˵ĸо塣
ιŮˣʲôƷֵޣħޣ
š塣
ȻûʲôԣǻһԼݱȽϺãϾһ²һ¡
壬βͺͶأ
ӡ֮У岻ӦβͺͶôЩ뻯ĸԼ֮⣬ӦöһЩ
Ϊ߲ôأôôϣ˵¥޵Ǹô
ѣҲʮܻ꣬ûξѾܲˣǵеĻҪʮ귽ɣ
һΪ࣬һ䶷壬һסּ塣
ǰĶǸ֣ӹɣסּҪ֤ΪԴκεΪ֪ء
ңǺߣ
ʮԺıǽһţX֪ĻΪǰ˴֮һء
Ҹ㰡ڶ࣬Ϊ䶷߱ȱȽǣΪΪ룬ȴ֮ٵĴڡ
ƺ˻ϻӣ߽Ĺ顣
֮ԳҲΪ֤ԼǸѡΪ룬ҲǿԱġ
Ǿ仰ž˽ġ
УղǸ¥޵ãֻҪץסηߵ֤ȫƻˡ
¥޵ã˴֮һ¥ޣ
¥ֻһͳƣߵľ𣬷ǸСëһãץ˲ܻȡǮƣܻ
߽ģǸСëھһССֻȵʱһǼһͻ᳤Ϊ¥ޣΪֲúܡ
ˣǺںԶĵطôĵˣʲô¶ô
ӿʼڶŽ˵ĻǶŲɡ
ӡУ岻ŮúƯǰŮ˳ʮַϺʣƯмթ
ȥ·ء
ҪǵĻҪ¥һʿö˶¥ʿУҺ˵ǭƺҪٰһӮʤ˾ܵõһ
ϡǵԼ˵ЩʱЩûʲôȤûϸ
ǭǣʲôط
ǭ㶼֪ô
һ𾪵ı鿴Žġ
ǺϢǲ̫ˣǭǿ¥޵һУ滳㲻ߵˡ
Ȼ۶ı飬Ǹ߽ǭǵķ򣬲Ҽ򵥵˵һЩǭǱ顣
˵ǭǱкֲܶμӣ
ǲǷϻôʲô˿Ϊǿ˶Ҫĺôһǭǵıֻ¥޵ĸֲμӣ׵ĸҲǰǭǲμӱ
˵ţǰӰʧˡ
ˣ㻹û˵ллأ
ŽѾʧеıӰա
˵ŮÿҲ֪᲻ͬԼȥס
ǭǣ¥޵һУɭ֮нĳС
ڶɭֵĸ־ۼ֮ء
ǭǵɣȴвͬ
֮󣬽ٶȳǭǣɸǭǱı
ʲô壬ʲô֡
壬ġ
ţһ
ӴԱ˽ĵ֣Ҹһơ
ˣ㿴ǰֻÿɰ
ΪԼݿ壬İС׽˳ڸԼϢ
˲Сһ˲ΪĿĽ㡣
λĺС㣬ӣֿİ
˵ϵСǰԼ֡
˼ֻϲǼˡ
С׶˲ðŲҪһô
ϲǣ
ǲϲǣǷǳᡣ
СƲƲ죬ͷҲصŽĵڴϣʧ֮ǵС
ˣʮһŵӣҪһЩʲôҪȻֱˣ
С׿Žеĺƣüͷм֮⡣
ɭĿľΪԼֱʲô塣
Ŷ
ջУСװſϣŹǷ
ˡͰҲҪˣʱǾͿԱˣ
á
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ֪С̫ġ
ԼȥɣҪסǧҪ¶֪ô
лˣˣ
һĨõЦ⣬Сһʧڽǰ
ϣļ۾Ŀе鼮
鼮ϼһЩǭǺɭֵһЩϸϢȺڱ˵ĻҪϸ
˴滻ֻǿ߲ͳɭ֡
鼮ϻ˵ںܾúܾǰһ߳ɭ֮У֣ȴʧϢû֪ȥ˺δ
е˵뿪Ҳе˵ߺͺŮమɽ֣˵硡
ýĺǹ֡
˵ɭΪǿĴڣֻҪõ飬ӵϵҪҪûԵ
ǿĶֻҪԵ֣ԳǰԵɭֵĵһҲ޷
飬ô
˫֡
ҹɫǭǣɭְΧеǭǵɢֲζ
ҹʱС׻ˣĿС׵ʱСһϮȴմȾдѪ
ˣ
ûУ𼤶С׵ѪǱ˵ģ
С֤Լûˣ˵Ǳˣ
ģҲǳȥôһˣ
С˵뿪ջ֮飬һʼʱȷȷʵʵʲôҲûзǺһͻȻײǸ˾ͻ赹ˡ
;
ţ
С׵ͷԼϵ·ε̾һԹǸûġ
ǲ֪ҷѾþˣǸһлл˵ˣҲҪµǮɣ
ڽߣСѧһ־Ǯ
һʱĻ棬СĲвеģ
˺ˣû¶ͺãȥϴһ¡
ա
ǭǵıΪĳһμӱİˣÿһٸΪһ飬еһı
ܼ򵥣һٸڳϻսʮվϾǽһʤߡ

1718 Ϊ

1718 Ϊ
˵ÿһֻ֮ʮʸһֱİٸֻ֮ʮܽ
ˣͣ
̨ϣС׸ļͣǳֵ˱ҪúõĽһûòѾͷɿСǾɫ֮˵ʱһ̬ȶˡ
˼ͣ
ϯϣС׸λźҲ֪ôģһҲļʹҲŽ˼͵ȵȵĻ

ϵĽһΣȻѾȳΪ˹Ŀꡣ
Ȼʮ˳µȭƺҪʬһ㡣
Ĵһ˵ʽ
˵ʮԣս
Сӣǻؼȥ߻ĺãʲô֣
ǣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣǰһԸٶȳ嵽ǰһȭݺݵػ˵ĸϡ
ٴοڣһȭڸϵһֱٵȥ
ô
еˮҲ۽ǵ˵ϡ
ԼԲܿ޳
³һĻֽţŽʮˣиִڣǾ仰ã
һ·նвˣڽŵʮ֮˻ĸ֡
ĸֱӵǿټϴߵǽҲС
ĸȴûжԽĶ֣ǿһ۽һȭ˵ϡ
ӲԶ٣Ƚһ־һһ
ĺ˸󣬵ΪɣȺС䣬Ҳûйġ
Ǹ֣ǲСΪ顣
һڰʱ֮ĻˣģĺԼ˳ɹڶ
ֵܣŶлˣ
ս֮ʱԳ׼дɱģĺһ˳˵Դûз顣
סҽлХ
Хһ۽ģת뿪ʧǰ
Сܵ˽ߣŽʧеĻХɵƲƲ졣
ˣֻϻΪʮǿ󣬲֮¡
ţȻȥɣ
ãСͶˣӶأҪȳԷѽ
ڤҹǰľһǻڣǴʱ˿ֵֵ̣裬ûڤҹߵӣڤҹĵN졣
ӱصջ·һСԽ֣ĺС׶ǸԻ˼ǳһֲŻصջ
λжںԺ
жʲô
Щ⣬Ǹɭֲã˺ڱ֮⣬˭ǡ
ƹ˺ԺֻԺаһӣװĶǻңɭͨĻҡ
ЩǮôģ
ضλĻλ뿪֮һӳڿջУʾһӵǮңСҪ͵λУһСĴΪתһ仰лվ֮
ջƹôһ˵ƺһЩɣӦС׾Ǹˡ
еġ
ǮɵӣС׺ٺٵЦţԭһЩǮڿҲ
һǮǧҡ
ɭֻͨңҵĴСͬҲͬ
ʮңһӵǻһʱˡ
ҹɫ̨ϼ飬Сǰһߡ
ˣ˵ıҪ˲μӣѡô
˳ѡ
ֻϻ
С׷ŽģŰ飬һ뵽ֻϻȫڡ
յڶҪ˺ȥöͭ塣
Ҳ˵ʮֻʮܽ˺ĻΨһѡҲֻϻˡ
ţĸоһĿעԼĿ쳣˲ʲô鱻˶ŵĸоһ
ˣֻϻ
СָŲԶֵϵˣХ˫ֶżһıվڽֵľƹݣ̨ϵĽġ
ֲ󣡡
ĿҲХ˾ôţվǻХָŽָָԼڵľƹݣԢⲻ˵Ҳס
ˣҪȥô
Ȼأ£ȥȥͻء
˶ľƹݣСſڿջ̨϶ŻХһһȻֲҪǸ˺˾ͱצˡ
ϵĲʮ嵥ˣһ׷
ĵһЩˣҪһơ
Хǰ֪к¡
ˡ
Хֱ˵ԼĿģһΪ˶˺еڶı
ԣХǰҪһɡ
˳ۡ
ԭûХ˵һʵɣû뵽Хɺܼ򵥣ǿ˳ۡ
ĸ֣ʮֵĸɴ࣬ıХ˵ĻŪõЩסˡ
ɡܲ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĽеһöƽ˻ХʱХҲԼĺƽ˽ģ־ٶˡ
ڻХǲһֵˣĽԼƽХһ˲䣬Ѿ֤Ρ
հ˵սХȫƾƽƳȥûôֹĳڿջ棬ټ֮˿ŹڻХĴ˵涼ӡ֤˽ĵĲࡣ
ԴˣХͽˣһӦԵڶڵڶֱ֮˵ֵ飬Ҫȱ֮ȥ˵
ˣֻϻô
Сſڴ̨ϿŻХʧеıӰɵüͷ
ô˵أ˵۹һǶԵģǲ֪ΪʲôֻܾϻǲͬѰ
ɾôһ¶С˵Ҳס
ôֻϻκ˺˵ΪƴХٲԨ֮С
գڶֳ
öͭ߸ߵĹɽ֮ϣڶĹܼ򵥣ֻҪǰõͭͿԽ
ʮˣΪһ飬ֻʮܹһ
Σİ֮ʮ˿֪Ǹеĸ֡
ˣͣͣ
ˣͣͣ
С׸ļͣСҲļ͡
Ŷ߻صһȺүǵļϷһļƤ񣬶ĵҪ
һʼͭ죬ʮһ˸ɽ֮ϡ
ɭ֮вƽףҲɽɽǭǵɽ֮һ˵ɱһߡ
ߣХͽĲżǰ֮ɽ
ʮߣضΪöͭͷѪ˵ļƻ֮ڿһҪΪ̣Ҫʣ
ô죿
Х˫ֶż򣬰һ˫ɫӿԭԶļ飬Ѿ˰ɽĶֻʮ飬У
а취
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһڲԶ˵еСʯͷȴǳһߵ˹ȥ

1719 û

1719 û
ôĵӣȻҴң
û㰡
ڸ·Ķ±ƣֻ밲ȵĵɽѡ
ۿ⼸ѾƽͣǼҲ˵Ļᣬ˲䣬˻սһ
ֶͬȥ˵սһ˲䣬ҳһࡣ
ߣ
Ǻ壬ļթ
ХԾǰ˫Ǳ֮жЩ
İ˻Хһۣһ
һŤһĲУĺͻХٶȳ嵽ɽɽѾͭ壬ĺͻХǵͭ塣
˵Ҳ֣ʣµһͭǲ˳ٳߡ
ÿ˳Ҫߵͭʱ׼ᷢʲô
ͭǲȫߣǵڶҲͳٳٲܽ
ۿһ֣߳ʱɫҲһĲͭʱȴʲôҲûз
թ
թʶ
ָָһ鵽ˣָָ鵽ˣĸϴŵ·ͬʽģҲʶһģҲĸĽ붼룬ĸʶġ
ΪľǱֽܹȵõ
ХǰҲõ̤𾳽ô
˵仰ʱ򣬻Хתͷһ˫ɫӿģ΢΢Ƭ̣ת˲ɢ
βҪֵܵĲ
ХԼҪҵԭ
¥ɽѾȥˣѾûˡ
ԣαҪõֵܵĲԽԽء
Хǰ¶
ЦţЦô𣬻Хɵúһ
ѽֲʲôǻֲܳ㣬ֻǺǰ飬˶ѣ
벻׻ХΪʲôԼʲô޶Ĵħͷһ
¡
ңҿֵܵĲ飬ֻҪһұ֤Σ
ĵı֤ţ֮鶯֮˵ס
ҲÿһֱûХֵܵĲ飬ͶãȻȥƻХ绹ǵܵܵĲ顣
Σ
һţХĬƬ̣ɫӿĵʱƺ˾
ġ
ҽģХǰõ֮һ滢Хǰǰ̶ѨȥβΥԣ̶ڤ֮С
õ˽ĵԣХ˵ͷ֮һδˡ
ʮ˽ʮ֮ĸͬһӪ˵Ϊͣ˵ҪõҪһġ
ɭ̶̵ֶļʱĲı仯
ү˵һ֮һգһĹ⾰Ҫǿ
ڵΪӦõ쾳۷壬Ҫͻ۷ľ绹Ҫһε·̣֮ͿԽ۷壬̤ˡ
صջѾϵˣ򵥵ĳһ뷹Ŀϼе鼮СһŽ
ڴʱһСţվŵһŰһͷɫˡ
˵ĳ֣˲ýüͷϢϢ
㣿
СµĿǰˣ˵ô
ЦţЦºͣС׵ʱе֮Щ⡣
ңλ
ң˲࣬ǰһµ˻࣬壬ʲôƷֵ
ɣСϲ衣
ǣˣǼ˽ء
Сȥ裬ˮҵ˲ˮֹԹԵ˽ߡ
Ҹ˵һ
С׾ͽ˵ʲôǹȫˣ쿴ҵʱˡ
նлֻ֮ĳмҪȥҲΪ˲鷳ûдкˡ
⣬¶ôӦõģ
С׻˻ӦĻشң񿴹·һûκε֮ҵĿȴһֱͣС׵ϡ
ӣҼС׼ֻΣֱĿҼСףǻвõӰ졣
ĳҲԭģſС׹￴񡣡
ҽгСֵʱ򣬼ᣬм͸¶ŵİƺĽСǧһ
硭ܲܲҪ̬Ŀ⿴ңܶİ
СױȫƤҪûзһϳȥ
ҲԼʧ̬վæСⲻǡ
³ĳԳʼεһֻɫľβɽ֮Уĳÿζƺڰȥֻβߣȴ޷
һжע˵飬ҸĺС׽Լһϵ쳣ٶɡ
ӳʼұпһƬΧŵɽ꣬׼ȷ˵ԨԨ֮УŸָľ޵ĺǣһֻССľβɽ֮εţۡ
ÿÿС̼ǰȥС꣬ɺڰ赲޷ξֻĿСһһĳ
ɲ֪ΪΣһξˣҲβСˡ
վ촸ȻеС꣬ȷС׾ֻꡣ
ˣ˵Ǹ̬ɶֲǰһֱ͵ĸо
ţͬ
ɣ˵ξǶ֮ǰɡվС׵ĽǶ춼˿ţȷʵЩëȻ
ôȷСֻβأ
һʼȷʵǽҵ񾭲˵Ԩе飬ԼԨһжϺˡ
ֱ
ҵĿԾǿСףС˽ĵ
ĳѾһ谭ձ׵ġ
ףʲôףΪԼ˲ô
˵Ĳǽģ;
âһһϮɫɫԼһϮˮɫȹľŮС
磬㣡
С׶;˵ãȻҴõע⣬ǵӷˡ
ס
ˣ
;˫˫ѣһҪȡǼСףûܡ
ˣɳ˲٣ϱԽԽƯˣ
ˣ˼ҡ˼һûкɻ顣
ѽ¶ˣ
Цţ뵱꾻һŮ񶼳ɳΪӾŮӣ
˵ĺʲôƷ֣
˪
Ұ˫ͻȻǰ˪
ɭ֮Ѿò˪ˣ˵Ⱥɭˣôᣡ
ʲôһСţСǾԲ޸ģϱСȻȥ
ãСģ𲨼ˡ
һǷĻ𲨼ˣҪȻ͵űĽ֣ŴС׻صָС

1720 ǲ

1720 ǲ
ʱĿջֻʣһˣļм䣬ò˵ѹϢ
ɶ˵ô
Ǵ죬ң˵߶һͷ࣬ŲӺ۵ĺô
ףģ¶Ӵ
վһԱã˺֮飬ĪҪ˼˹źá
ӣ֮ҪһĹأȺڶɽӵĴǲá
壬Ҫ÷ӾǾֻҪӮʲôᣬˣԷʲô㶼ҪӦ
ǡܰɣ
ʵ֤Ĳ¶ˡ
ŨҵϢϵػصڿջУһ˪һ޷ݡ
׼սһ˲䣬ס˶
ô
׻ʲôõô
ͬŵ졣ŭң֪ǲˣҲСˣǾ仰ȢСûţ
侲һ£һջⲻ𣬵ڶҲ̫
˵֮ؾһ֣ɣҲҪ㹻ʵſɣҪǵǣóóȻĴȥçʲô
ģջǻˣĳ⳥ǹ˺⡣
ƨСǼҵˣȢСףҪ취Сװ㣬ǿŤĹϲĵ㶮ô
İһۣͦģôȱ
㣬Ҫ¶ô
ûСҴ˻ô
ףҲôΪĳܲϢ
ҲĿŽģҲĻΪŵʱûڽϸܵϢ
˵ķ
黧ڵô
ĸԼ˱ˮ̾һűˡ
һ¶ڶĵ˵꣬ûĻ˵ͷҸǽ⿪
ϾԼӣиãʱʸУ졣
׷ģһ¶
ģĳҲᰲֵġ
õ˶ı֤Ž⿪Ŷ˵
ȻҪ̸лڡ
ڶ֮䣬죬ұҡ
С׵ĸ磬ԴС׳Ϊħ֮;㽫С׵Լһš
ǱС׾ȹˣһСŲԵ֣ΪʲôôҵĻΪһȻ֪˵һǼ١
СѾˣԵֶȻˣǵҲߣԣΪҪĲȥƻһѵõԵ֣Ҫ˽һϾΪǱҪҵĵϸ
Ϊһҳÿ棬˻͸¶һŵϢҲ֪Сϲϲ͵ˡ
֮磬ڻЩ߰ʱ
Ȣã
һ仰еĻҭߣ̬ȿԿǲϲҡ
ңԽĵ̬Ⱥܿתͷʱһס
ĳС׹޸ɣԵע飬ֹģ
˵עֵʱЦһվţ˫֮кⲻϵıŷ
עһŵľΪע֮£һСϸˣҾԲС׼޸ģ
⣬Ҳվ˫۰ŻӦ졣
˪һСҲĳţĳ۶õʱ䶼׷С׹һ޹׷һ죬һ޹׷һ꣬޹׷꣬һֱȥֹĳģ
ѽ㿴ô˵˵ֳˣȱ裡
źϣЦԼĶӻҶˡ
׻˵úãǿŤĹϲ԰ɣ׻˵úãǧĸ֣԰ɣ
ȰҲȰ˵ҲҪִ̫
˵ˣûʹ˵˾￸ˣãǳá
ɣ
ĻеĲ豭Цҡ
СǵˣҵĴҲǳ֮УϲС׵ĻǱ㿴ԺıΣһʲôģһʱ˵Ҳ١
С׼ڶ飬˵֮ĳֻԵǣôôǵϲǿȡᡣ
ڽĵȰ˵£˫ԻԼ̬ȡ
ĳǣ͵ˡ
ţڡ
ŽʧеңĻعʱ򿴵һı顣
ףô׼ףһǸͽӡ
ˣϾԺõңˣʲôʱģȫô
ֺþûкúõĿһˣǵôʱǸ
ʱţתۼͳôˣĺο
ףأ
ҿûˣڽָݵѹʱػ׵ߣҰյԸǲһġ
ڤҹڤҹҲȥ֮ˣڵĵطɭ֣Զ֮ء
ĸ˵ڼĻҲΪηֹҵԭ֮һ
ԭˣֲϱҪϰٱࡣ
òĸӶ죬ʱ䷢飬ԼպҪ顣
ˣ
ʱ𣬽ĴţХһֱ¸½еѼӳͽǰ
˪һ壿
壿
ͻУҪһܣҲ߲ãҪ˰ɣ
ӣȥҾ׺ͻХǰһµ顣
֪ˣҪֻèҶʲôľٶһֽʬΣ
ʧ֮ǰŻХһݻ
κͼҵԷַ㣡
âһص˽ָ֮Уֻʣ»ХԾɸ¸½еѼվ⣬ǲԵָתĿ⿴ġ
ҲϲëٵĴԡ
ǣХǰ۹ߡ
εͻһĵһ찡
ХڿջΪ˺ͽ̸һյ飬ԼХֵܻڵĲϸ˵һ¡
˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳѡ
ֻҪһʱʱ佫Ĳ߻֮⣬ϵ˾ʤߣԵõ
ǣĿǰ˽⣬ѾĸһӪĲߣǶ˵ǽˣ˭Ҳ֪ĸʲô
ҲֻձӦˡ
ڻڵĲ飬ӻХнĴ¿жϳ
ⲻǲǶǻХǰжϵûĻǰĶӦѾжˡ
˵Լļ֮ʱХһ¡
ʵХ֪ΪжŻˣֵȻزɣȷȷʵʵж֮ûи߽ģ뿴ܴܲжв²ԭҶˡ

1721 в

1721 в
ȷʵǶһһʮֺĶзӽⶾ
ХѾȫϣѹ˽ĵϣڵĶˡ
ȵձ֮ڽһص̶Ѩ
ǰȻҲ²ǰΪжˣҪҼһ˰ɣ
˿Ǹտ˶ûӴΪǶʮһ͵ƵԶ̿ô
ãձ֮
գ
ǭǵǭǵİǷ׷Ͽʮһ¡
㿴ǸŮǰ㰫Сʲô壬ôŮӵΪأ
ǲϹǰǸ޵ĺСôСﶼŮˣ˺廹ʲô
ҲǣСӳúÿǺÿһ·ôô֣Ť
Ĵŵһ׻ɫ˶һǣǰİ˵֣תͷ˿Х
ǰЩ˵Ŀ
ǱΪĸһӪͬ飬ڿͻХǰ֮⣬İ˸˶վһһ¶⡣
ǸöһХǰ˵¥ɽѾûˡ
˵һս졣
Ϊ׵ĸ˳Ҫһ֮½ʤС˻ХͽĶˡ
ĸ˳ʱ򣬻Х˫̤ŭһֻĻХ֮˷ӿһ㣬Ľ˱ˡ
˷ӦʱŷԼѾΪ˻Х޷ѵ

ĴûмʽûХ֮ԷΣʱˡ
ǽվڻХҲҪ
ģ
ˣ
˵ĸ˻عʱֱХ׷ɱĸΪȷԵİȫͬҲϧ
ڻХûɱֻ֣ǽеӳ˽硣
ڿʲô
֪ʱڵĽЦһ˫˷ӦʱѾڽ⣬ʧȥ˱ʸ
㡭ŮӺɣ
ָŽĵֶΣʤҲʤ֮䡣
ҪģӦûɱ֣ҪȻ㻹л˵ô
ӽˮˣûɱѾʴˣǷҧһڡ
Ҳ֪Щй̵֮󣬻˵һޣҪ
ʱֻʣ½ĻХԼˡ
ӣƺıʲôڴʱĺͻХĽ˸һֵĹââ󣬼ռռ䡣
ǹâԼٶţƺγһͻȻһ㡣
ģХɣɭлûӵùħһɻ󷨣
ʲôɻ󷨣
ҵ찡û뵽Ⱥ˾Ȼħһ壬ǰ˴Ҳħһ壬⽪ĺͻХڽˣ
Ȼۿɻ󷨣һӾҲֵˣ
֮УһɫĹâӵ²ϵķӿ嵽˰֮У嵽Ʋ֮ϡ
СһЩǧĪҪɻеĺմȾ壬ĪҪþǡ
ХŽСģ˾ôѶʼ߶󷨡
ɣǵģ
ħһĸ˫ֽӡɲ֪ΪΣԭɫâʢ󷨾Ȼֻ˸ŹâȴûзʲôʵԵı仯
ô£
֪ǲǸˣ
ɻħһ󷨣һʩߵѪʩߵΪԽǿ󷨵ҲԽǿ󣬵ǣһ;ʲô⣬ʩ߽ܵɡ
ڵǣĸûд߶ɹɻ󷨣ҲûбɣΪΣ
ѽǸ˼ȵǵˣ
ԭˣһĻХôһ¶ˡ
ɻ󷨵Ŀԣһħһħʩɻ󷨱Ҫ˻ʮ˵֮޲ߣĸ˴߶ǿɻ󷨲δɹԭ뽪ġ
Ĳ˽һؼϣ󷨵γɣɻֻȴûκ˺
岻ôΪλħ޵˼ɣһܽϣ
ХеǸ˼֡
Ȼǵ¶ǾͿҵ󷨺ˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ˫ֽӡûκεĹâ˸ֻѰѰͨͨƽӡѡ
ٻ廢ХѾģ

ָǰĸˣʾ⻢ХϽǣ˷ʱ䡣
Х˽һۣһԾԼٶȳǰ̧צһȥֻһѪԵ˿צӡסĹͷ©˳
ĸ˾ܱˣʤǽĺͻХ
˭ΪһѾûִıҪˣХֱӴǭǳùһ佻˽ġ
Ʒ಻ã˵㹻ˡ
лХǰˣ
úûʲô𣬵ǹȴɬޱȣɬ֮΢΢⡣
ĽȥȫϵķÿһýƺҪһ
ô
תĻХ߽ȷķ÷ʽɼ˶ûб³ȥ
ʲôô
ûʲôԣȥɣ
Хһο˽һֻۣܸеŮ֮棬ǻڵľ֮ˡ
ĳһĻûХڳĹڰǭǳҲԭء
Ҫĥ˷ۣȻһһˮȥÿ֧һǳԵ̫˱ᱬȻ˵һöƷಢǼƷϾŮôһˡ
ĽĸڻХٶȳŻۼ̶ѨȥԽľһҪХԽǿ
ХҲ˽ĵЧˡ
һХֱץסӽ˸ĺ̶֮Уֻȫɱӿš
ǲ߻ħþ
ҲХźɫӣһź̶֮𽥻ָǵĽġ
𾳽Ҳֻһηðš
̶Уڴ̷̹ˮʴ½侲ŻХԣҲʶԼ̫çײˡ
ʱ֮󣬽˫ۣЧѾҴʱ˿̵Ѿ쾳۷壬ֻҪһ̤𾳽磬޷ʱ⡣
ҼУߵһˡ
Х仰Уһ֣ʮȷĲʲô壬ߡ
̶У̧ͷһ˫ЦŻХ
ԣХǰǴ㽫ɱˣϵҫȥλǰأ
ò˵ܴ
Х˫ֶż򣬻Ѿ˵һС
붯ֵĻŽڤ֮ʱҪߵ

1722 꾫˭

1722  꾫˭
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ̶֮УĿվǰĻ廢Х۵׵ЦŨҡ
ô˵֮ĽԾɳ
ҪǷܾλڡ
ХΪǺˣҲȥͬһߣÿһ˶ÿһ˵ļֵÿһ˶ÿһ˵Ҫĺܼ򵥣ýƻڵĶ
κãһж飬Էߣ޹Ǿͱˡ
뿪̶»һɫ˶Х¿װĽģ˽ڵΪװ֡
֮綼ô
ҲȻֻһ·ǼѣХǰƺϤ
ӻХĻУԼԼһ˿˿ϤĸоХڶݵĳĬ֮󣬿˵Լǧ֮ǰ뿪ɭ֣ȥѰ顣
ʱХΪһò뿪ɭ֣ǰ֮صȥѰ
Ѱ˰ʱ䣬ڻ첻ˣҵ˽Ȼıǣ·ɭֵʱ򣬻Ѿ졣
ʲô
ĲɵúŻХʲôԭʲôûХ뿪ɭȥ硣
Хǿһ۽ģδڻشֻ˵һɫҪˣ֮ʿ쵽һׯɭ֮еĺҹΣգᷢʲô˭Ҳ֪޷Ԥ
Х˵Ҳȥ
ɫ֮ǰеĴׯ
ׯŸָȺ˵Ǵׯ˵һ·Ϣ֮أɭ֮·˵صʱ򶼻ЪЪš
ջУСдŽĺͻХˣڼХʱ̬ȸǹޱȡ
ХүСƵʳƹ˵ԣǮ
С̬ĵ˼㣬һԵƹҲЦƺ˻Х˵ĻջᱻƷһ
㣬ǲǣ
ĻͷһۿջϰС̬ȣ˼ХʱȫǾִء
ǰʱҿջһڵꡣ
Х̵˵һɣ˵ĵ˵ͷֲÿջϰСô»Хԭô¶
ҹɫɭ֮С
ڴϣĽڤ硣
źڰ֮ǳ֮Ѿ˱ݵǳ֮ϵķߣΪǳĹâԴԴϵӿ
һֲԶĸоȫ
ֱ߽ģʱ˿̵ѾĴﵽ쾳۷״ֻ̬ҪһССԴ쾳״̬𾳽״̬
һҹΣȵʱѾǵڶˡ
¥Էʱ򣬽һϤˣҡ
û뵽ĳ㡣
ӡ
ڳԷ㿴ҳڿջУҲ˽ģǾ֤С׹Ҳڸˡ
ҿȴûС׵Ӱӣ֮еɫį˼֡
ε̾˿һĨʧɣκΣӺ;̫СˣСױƭˡ
ҲãҺС֮виԵ֣ôվһģʲô谭
Ҫȥδ
̶Ѩ
ҲҪȥ̶Ѩô
ĺ˵Żʱ򣬻Х¥Ҳɵüͷ
ô
ХʶңҲʶХһһһǻʿǰûٴܡ
֮䣬ϼҪһܣȺ֮ǧϰס
ϰǰһĻƺǺ׼ȷʵˣǽļæֹĻǻХѾˣջҲͲˡ
ǸʲôҾһʲôú˵
źϣա
ѵ˵ҲҪȥ̶ѨôһΣյĵطǽ˵ĻС׹Ҳĵġ
вòȥԭԱҪȥ̶Ѩһˡ
ХԼõҲԣХֵܻβ
ŽĵĻ˼һᣬӻóһɫƣϿһ֡
бҪԭǰ̶Ѩƣһǵʱķʲô飬ҲиӦ
ϱ߿һ֣־˻һĶ˵߽
лӡ
޷ȥ̶ѨһҪСģǻЩç򣬻һЩ֮Ҳǲǵġ
̶Ѩɭ֮ʮΣյĵط֮һ¥ɽй֮޲Ȼ֪Ҫȥ̶ѨĿʲôҪЩܼǡ
ĥĥģ˷Ѵ࣬Ǹˣ
Хǿڽĵϲûж֣һѡ
ˣ̶ѨԵټ
ĸڻХ뿪˿ջĿͽ뿪
ʱָеС̽ͷһֻص˽ָС
뿪ջѾʱˣʱ棬Хͽļǲ߲ݵĸ·ٶڵɭ̶ֵѨ
ɭʮΣ֮أԶԶأıܵõǿϵıŷ
ţȥ֮ǧҪժһ¶쳵ĺ
õģ
Ľһöϣ֮װһɫıʯڱʯʲôĲȷȷʵʵܹڸԼϢ
ڴһ֮ͨ󣬽ĸڻХ̶Ѩľۼ֮ء
Ӽ뻢Ѩʼÿʮ׾ܿһͷϻԴԴϵĻصϻ˻֮
ɭ֮޷ݡ
Хߡ
Хߣ
Хڻܸߣһ·˻Ĵ˾֮⣬Х˷׷¹
ţ峤أ
ػХߵĻ峤ǰ˵ˣŴ˴
Х˵ͷһ˽ĵ죬ץԼ˻֮С
һľͿһɫŮŻХɱŮֻɫ˫˸Źâ
Х磬ڻˣǲ֪ʱ˾۸ңöĹ
ŮһĺͻХ²ߣʱŮڷ˱ХżڰеĽģһԼױݱװ˵Ļ峤
ڣѾǻ峤ˣ򲻿ٴ©˵ɫ
ХŮĻ˿κ˼ĵȰ˵š
ľ㵵Ŵͣһ·ХҪôǺüԣҪôǲԲһһı顭⡣
Уڲеô˺ŵ־ȻһɰŮ֣ò˵ֵķʽǰԵ
Х˵ǣ峤ĽܣʹǰǣҡХ磬꾫˭

1723 Ǹħ

1723  Ǹħ
峤Ů仰ûָŽٸʵ׵š
磬Ů˭
ΪʲôڻХߡ
һǺŮˣΪʲôҪĻХ硣
ȵȵȵⲻϵʳԾɱڰеĽתͷĿŻХ
ǻ峤ǳǩѡô
ῴһδСӰɣ
常ĺӣҲǻ峤ΨһŮ
ˣ
Хôһ˵ˣΪɶôСȻΪ峤
ҽһЩҽнģһκͻХǰǸ峤βġ
β峤õúܣһ㲡ûС
ߵߣһ˫ǰŮӣҵĺһͨ޲ÿ͸Ĺͷ浽ױʲô
峤ôңе鰡
ߣûô飬˵һΣ峤ûκβ⣬ҪŮȣۡ
һ仰û˵꣬һѪӿڽļʱûбѪȾ
ǰһ뻹ըëĻںһֱͦͦĻ赹ڵϣֻøڻХ˲־λڡ
ôôˣ˵仰
磬ܲܰһᣬҲôҪһЩʱ䣡
İһۻХҵĵô˵ˣڸڿܲܰ㡣
ХҲԼʧ̬վһԣȴֱڽĺͻǻ
Ƭ֮󣬽ջֽ֣дҩ
ץҩˮһˮȸʩ룬ڵٶȫƳ
ҩ˻ХڻХ֮ǰһҪûХץҩвԳκβᷢʲô󲻵ĺǾͲһ仰仰ܹ͵ˣɲ뱳
Ҫ˵ʲôХˣڵĶһͻеĪĹϵȵڲ֮һҪ׷˭Ǻ˸µĶ
УֻʣڲϻԲѵĻڣģԼźļŮ
ó뻢ϵѨλʱ˹ɫɲ԰ס
ĻͲҪʲôʲô
ƾʲô
ڰһ۽ģƾʲôҪŮ˵Ļ
ƾХǰ㡣
ûĺһСƨѾͷƤ˵ڵҪϲ֪ꡣ
ȻĵĻûڰЩ
糿ʲô
⡣
ϳʲô
⡣
ճԵСʳʲô
⣡
ľԼѾûбҪȥˣڵĻش׼⡣
ĶջγɵģԶҩ͸ʳĪĹϵ
ܽӽڵһΪ׽ˣХȻų⡣
ǻ˵ˣıԶҩûκεĲ
䣬Ĵ˻ХŵıӣǱʹһĲ֯ɣʱ·ϣʹХ԰еʲôɫĺǺÿ
ХĻشǻ̶Ѩе߲ƣֻһ޶޺һЩضĶӴ֮󣬱ͷųأ֪ж
ŻХĻĴܲµóжԭ
ǻǾ仰ֻһ̶Ѩ˱ܲµжɣǻХȻͲ˶ߡ
ΪΡ
еĶ߲ЩϵһҲֻ򡣡
˵ŮϾΪ峤ִƻô꣬һı졣
óǰڸԼεŮ˷ɵ㣬ԼĶغ߲ƹϵ
峤СŶأ˵ҵʱɭŶ֮
ǲ˽ھԼҲ˵涾ظԭ
һ˿е֪껢峤ķʱɭ֮гһ֮
鲼ɭ֣ʱĻڱ㱻֮ȾΪ峤ΪСӤĻǻǴС
ԭˣ
ĵͷ򦣬ڻ˵ʱ򣬱Ժģҩ
ſһζҩ˵ЧЧ΢΢Ȼ˵ĻǾӺˡ
һܻЩۣҪһ̲ǣʱ䣬ֻҪȥұ֤Ὣڵ֮ĸɸɾ
棿
Ȼ棬ҽĵҽ˵
һĶԼҽġ
ͻХԣһ㣬ͱƺûڵĶء
վĻХҩؿŻںͽģһĨâ֣ܿıɢ
Хߣôվ峤ˣ
˵ǻ˾𰣬ΪĴ˾Ϊǿ󣬶˳Ҳ˧쳣
һɫϣټһ˫ӽɫӣɫĳǸһصĸо
ްˣ˾ô뵽峤
ХǰЦ峤ô
𰿴һۻХжŵҩ룬ǰӹȴХһ
ã
Х磬硣
нյĵλ˵ͻХĪĹϵ
Х⽻Ǹǻѹһڵ֡
λǸ峤βĸˣܻһݣл˾峤
˾ˣ
ڸʩĽûʱỢ𰣬˵İ˰֣е뻢ڵѨλС
ҩù
ĴӻХж˹ҩ룬ûںȥ
ţ
ҩ룬ڱҩ̱֭ǵζѬò뿪
Ͳܸ峤ҩŵô
ҩڲô򵥵ĵ㶼ûô
ӵа
˹ˡ
ڿͽ⻰˭˵ģʲôҩڲûȺ仰˵ֱ꣬Ӷһҩ֭͹ȥ
ɬҩ֭û沿ʮŤҪΪĻͽŤһ
㡭ıƺ
ΪҽʦҪչ㲢κĲ飬ҩ֮һ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣֿȥʮаı˵һУڽ첻ԹԳҩƵİ취ûںҩ
㡭Ǹħ
Ѿûôˣ
ǵЦŨңվڻ࣬뾡˳
֮֮£ģһúõ㣬ĶȫƳ
βȻҪڻ壬Хһ԰ӣһýܹĵƽҩ뷨ôõҽλڣҲΪ˲Ҫ鷳
ϾĵߣǱ˷ֵĻⲻ˻ᷢ顣
ڴϣԺΧľѾˣòϣů
Ժеĳϣе鼮СӹĻʡ

1724 ˾

1724 ˾
ģ˵ʵǲ¶ˣ
Ժɹ̫Ľıڳˣ˫ۣһ˫ɫӿŮĳ̾һ
㻹治㻢ڵ֡
ɶ˼
ڲĿŽģת˲ֱɫ
ҽ˵ģ㿴ϣôС㣬˵ǲǶʼҵòұô󣡡
ߵĿŽģ޲ðѽʬһ㡣
һΪҪХ磬Ż˱ֶΣԼӳªˣöȡХġ
Ҹ㣬Ǳ峤ˣΪĻ꣬ҲֹХЫһģ
µĿĪеɢڳϣ¿Żڡ
ϷЩ̫ˣҪǹҲĻŲһεҩԭҩ֭ϰٱࡣ
ȻĻڵһ˲䣬ֹס˿Ҳ˲Ц
ŮôһЦã峤ǿһ̫ļįô˭֪˲ʶȤ
ǻҪл峤ˡ
е鼮Ŀһۻڣ豭ǳһ
˵⻢ۼ֮һɹζò˵ҶȴǼƷ뿪ʱһҪȥһЩүӺһӡ
ˣʱҩô
аΪʱҩˣ峤ϲŻôС㣬㿴
©ֱۣʾ⽪Ŀ˫ϳŵĺӡ
û¶ЩǴ߶֢״Ⱥ㳹׵׵ʧˣĶҲȫȫļˣҸɵǼһҪס򡭡
峤֪ܳԴ̼Եʳ԰ɣвܽӴκй߲ƵĶ
˽ߣٺٵЦţЦĽıһë
Цʲô
Ȼǿ㳤úÿˣ˵Ҳ֣ȻХ˵ǺˣǱ峤ϸܲκκϢ
ҿڶĵǸʲôֵħӦòޣѲʥޣޣ
ֿԼ΢΢ʥ޵ȵȶɭֵ϶ˣһ磬ЩħǸ޷ģȣЩΪʥҲ޷硣
˵ԼˣХ˵һǸ塣
ģǴ˾ô
Ҫʲô
Ľ䱸ĿŻڣŮҪɶ
ܼ򵥣£ǻĴ˾˳˧һλȨأǮǮջΪĪȻΪ׼ķѡҿͲͼ޸Σ
ôһ˵СѾͷԺĿʲôˣ鲻ѰҽҩǸˡ
ǸѾδˡ
˭ɶ˭
¿Žģڿ˵ڤҹֵʱ͸©Ͱ޷⣬ҲȻŽδˡ
ǣ˭ұ֤δͲỻأһĨЦ⸡ڴǣȻ˵ʲôǾͿϧ֮ĻʵϻôûͽĴһ
ϾֻХŻһˡ
Դм俪ʼûХĳһ˵ʱеĹâǿң˻Ůˣ񣬽ĵĳΣС
۽ĵʲôƷֵޣûХбŮˡ
ںͽһᣬ뿪Ժ䣬ֱǰ˾ۡڵ԰ӡ
ԶԶأ㿴һϮɫĻڰŪŻݡ
磡
һĨЦ⸡ڻڵϣվڻĻڲͷ
磬ղȥʹˣĻûɻأҪϲĻȥ׷󣡡
СѾͷǲǴʲôأŮӲѰ˵ȡ
ڿĵһ۵ʱ򣬻˽ϵϢȻоʲô壬ֱ߻𰣬Ů˱Ȼһ㡣
ңХԽĵ̬ҲԶԶ˵֮УûҪúõ˽һ½ĵʲôĴڡ
ѽ磬ҿɴû㿴ĸŮôãϲĻȥжıˣɾͿˣ
һһϸŽĵĺô
㿴˳ƯҽӾһڼֳּҵĺŮˣȼ޵ǻʱֻСϻǲǸô
Ǹл峤أҾȻ֪Լŵ֮ࡣ
֪ʱԺеĽĿʯԱߣһЦĿŻڣڽߵĻлХ
ڶΪʲôڻԺΪмҪغ˻ںͻ𰣬û뵽ȷһ

1725 Ҫ

1725 Ҫ
ģҪȻ͵˵
˭ҪҪԼϹԣôôѾδˣ֪˾͹˵װʲôģ
У˼ҾͲˮô
ڱץǾǿ
ߣ峤ҪȥŲأ
ʮΪϲߣһʧǰֻʣԺеĽĻХԼڽĻ𰡣
֮£һͷɫĳɢ࣬𰿡ȷȷʵʵòŮľԲ֮һ
Ҫһʻ𰣬ΪҪڻڵʳ¶ֲ߲ء
Ха겻ҵԺˣλɣ
𰵭ĿһۻХĿת˽ĵϣϸֳһ˿Ц⡣
磬ôЦģһͲˡ
ŶΪôãѲɱдҲǺô
𰵹һģǿűе߲ü
ĺȰɣһ߲ƣûκε˺

һ仰£ĵĿ΢΢һôԼġ
ŻХͽеĺ⣬ԹԶ豭ǳһƬ֮ŷ²豭Ŀ˽ĵϡ
ǱˣǼ룬ͨе֮ϲκϢɾˣǱ²ûĻӦߡ
ʼֻǲ²ѣǰһǲ²⽪ĵݣХ̬ȣһжѾˡ
ģһʮߣ˵֪Ϊλ뻢Хһ𣬵̶ѨȻǸβġ
Ȼ֪ߣǴ˾һٶ׼ȥ֪ô
ˣ֪¶ڻ˵ֻкһһ㣬뿴һδ𾳽ôɭȥġ
˵ţһĨЦһθ۽ǣĻ˴ߡ
Ż۵׵ЦݣĲɵƲƲ졣
ǻ壬ꣿ
Ȳ˵ô²⵽Լߵ飬ڵѾȫ˱ǷҪʻ𰣬ΪҪڻԶҩ
ȿȣߵҷһߣʱ˿̻˾ʵʵشһ⣬ʳкͱеĶǴ˾Ϊɶԣ
ԡ
䣬ûڵĳˡ
Լκα粵
ԭ򡣡
ŻԭΪΣܿó۰ŻڣһȻǸõ۰ΪҪԻ¶أ
𰸺ܼ򵥣ЩĻˡ
˵顣
ʼɺͽֻһڻڳʱɭһ֮ʱĻڻ޶˵ı´Ҳ˱ʴ
ôҪĻˡ
֪ǳȥһʲô飬һʲô飬ֻصʸûС
ԭˣ
˻ϵԶҩ֮
֪һʲôڵ³ҡ
ʵβʱһֱ룬һ˵Ҳ֪ˡ
зӳ׵׵ҽλڵĶ
ûţôͻХǰһص̶Ѩأ
ĵĿ˻ϣ˵ŹԶص顣
Ҫ׵׵ƻڣøԶҩԣΪ˷պܸӵĿ١
ϾԼҪȥ
˵ŹԶҩ飬ڼ䣬ĿһֱŽġ
ĵû룬𰿴ȴԽԽȤ
ڻɣ뵽ǿԽԽ˳ˡ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪ˾Ϳɡ
һı鿴Ż𰡣
δˡ
£뿪Ժ䣬Х뿪֮ǰһۻ𰣬֮ƺ͸һԹĺ⣬ܿת˲ʧ
ŽʧеӰε̾һ
Х񣬱Ȼǻǵðǰ飬Ҳ֮ѡ
صСԺдһҩХʾ⻢ХȥץҩڵĶȻԳ׵ɾˣҲˡ
Хǰ̶Ѩûʲôõط
ХȻ֪Ҫʲô
̶ѨĸΪֻ˵˵ô
Х˵̶Ѩһɭ֮һ鱦ʯֱʯӵǿֻҪӵ鱦ʯٶȽ°빦ʲô׶εߣͬЧá

1726 ߣ

1726 ߣ
ʯ
ĺǺ棬̶Ѩ֮еıʯʲôӵġ
ХУʯɫֳĹâҪôüĺȥнӣҪôñȱʯΪȵ¶ȥڻ򣬾ı죬ǿ˱ʯҲ޷ߡ
һҪһ㡣
һĽӴ˱ʯǱᱻɭڶߵϢҲ޷ء
Ҫȥ
ȥȻҪȥһ֮ؾҪǿԼ
ĺȷĵͷ֮еɫѾҪǰ̶Ѩȡ߱ʯ
ֻаʱ䣬ҪڰʱǿԼ֮ء
˵һŻХ
Хǰǲ߳ɭ֣ͨ磬ɭֵľͷ
ɭԴ
ХҲͽ˷Ѵֱ࣬˵ɭֵľͷɭԴ
Ҫ뿪ɭ֣Ψдܰ˴ȥɭԴɡ
ڽĵʵǰ˴Ķ֡
ˣ
ҲԼʵǶӦһĸֻʤϣľΨԼøΪǿǹؼ
ԣʯҪõ
գأı뿪˻ۼ֮أվڻ̵ıԵХ˫ŽĽʧеӰ
֪ʱ˹ХĿҲŽʧıӰ
㾹Ȼýʱ䱦ʯġ
ڿϵʯͷ֮ʱƬ̣ǿǻХ뿪ɭȥ˽ʱõıҲΪȻѰҵı
ǣѾ˱仯òʱ䱦ʯǣʱ䱦ʯڻХ߶ꡣ
𰲻뵽ǣХȻʱ䱦ʯ˽ġ
һĨĿ˻ХϣЦЩթ
Ϊ˻ڣǼǹȥˣסԶǻˡ
£ХỢ𰣬תʧȥԭصĻǿЦš
Ҳ룬ʵ׼ڿʲôҲֻ˵˵ˡ
˰ˣҪ־͹ְɣѾϰˡ
һߣѾ뿪ۼصĽľ̶ֱѨȥȥѰһХı⻹Ҫҫۣ̫Ҫȵıʯ
Ҳ֪ǲΪʯԭΧ¶ҲߣһľҲήࡣ
ԽǰߣԵֲҲԽϡ٣ֱһڵɽ֮ϣһ۵Ĺâϵرŷ֪ǰⱦʯһǻХǱˡ
ˣԣ
СһӽֳָΣҪǰʯʱһɱ˵ζ
Ƭ̣СۺˮĻصߣűâյβ͡
ˣСװ첻
Թԣ޹
СίСģЦֵġ
Ѱİ취Ȼ޷ʯߵ˴ܸоӱʯɢǿ
ףɣ˪֮һԡ
˪Լؼ˪֮ԿƱʯȹâ
ɾ׼ǰ֮ʱ֪δһȺ˽Χм䡣
ߣߵϢ
绢Х˵һĽӴʯʱߵϢɭеʥħ
ʱ˿̣ĵѾ¶ˣǻХҲ޷ȫġ
ӣаô
У׸һʱ䣡
쿴ʯӿ˪֮ȵĹâײһ𣬼˲䣬һɾ޴ӿֿ
ףõˣ

ʾС׺صָУԼٶ˫ֽӡ
ħ󷨣
һ˲䣬к¡¡ĻƼڸգħУƵ׵粻ϵ£ڶһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
λһºټ
׵ڻ£õ˱ʯĽԼٶʧУȵ׵ɢ֮ʱӰʧ
ңǾҲҪҵ
ǣ
ǱʯĹϵ
Ϊһ¡
߾ȻƤӵµ˱ʯȫûȥֱֹܴ谡
ݺݵҧ׷ɱߵɭ֡
һʱ䣬ʱ䣬ֱµʱ䣬ɭҲûнĵӰӣͺ˼һ
ⲻ֪ʱ˿̵ĽɭֵһͱзһѨ
춼ڸĻᣬѨǰμ߿ģһʵ˷Ϣ
ѨУİĵȡűʯڤǳ֮ǲϵӿڡ
һһ쳹
һ׵ֱ׽ٽ£ֱѨ֮ء

1727 ƻ

1727 ƻ
ĳ׵׵Ĵ쾳۷״̬𾳽磬Ϊһĸ֡
𾳽磬ǰһжÿ֪ҲǴǰ
ʯȡĸɸɾֻһѰʯͷĥһĴϡ
Ҳʱˡ
Ԥеʱ仹ҪһЩıΪԼһµʱͿȡʯ𾳽磬²̤𾳡
˵һ£Чȴǳĺá
𾳽Ҳŵȣڲ𾳽֮ڱʯĹ𾳽кڵߡ
˿ɫƵ죬Ҳȥսһ°˴ˡ
ɭɰ˴ͳ죬ֻҪһܰ˴ǰɭԴ뿪֮ء
һȥѰҵĻ˵һˣǰҲ޷սȫľǾһսˡ
ĳɭֱߵϢ˲䴫ɭָΪɱ߷׷׸Ҫȡĵҫĵλ
ֺܼ򵥣ս˷׷װڽĵ£ǽһҡ
ЩʲôѾ֮ͨ´ս飬ҲΪ˴ضӦԼ
˭֪¥һʹߣ˵ʲôľ¥޵Сӣսƽ֣һƣֻҪ˰˿ƱԴ뿪ɭԴĴš
⻹ģ߸ҲĽóơ
Ҳ˵˴涼ûͻ뿪ɭ֮صĻᡣ
ʱԶ¥ɽİ˴֮һ¥ԼëһССӣǳ谮
һԵὫȴĿ⡣
ѵҪ뿪ô
ԱĻô
¥һâ򽫾ǽæ˵һߡ
һԵϳҡҡͷὫļ
㰡̫ᣬ֪Ǹߵݡ
ݣʲôݣ𾳽ʲôµģ
˴һ𾳽ǿߣΪ˼ɵһССߡ
֪ˣ߲𾳽ô򵥣Ҳǹļ̳ߣ
¥һϳص̾һеɫƻǰĻ棬ʹѪĽѵ
ϳ˵һ𾳽粢£µСѾͷǹļ̳ߣӵй
ܾúܾǰɭֵİ˴ڹֻбķݶ
Ұ
˴ˣŻҸڷˣСӾ¥޾ųȥģΪľýĸϽ뿪ɭ֡
ĽһҲһ亹ΪԼ޴Ļе¡
Լһʱ嶯ҲȥĻǺ᲻밡
ʱ˿̣ɭԴԵĽĽ˿ƷֱϣЩĿһɭֵħǡ
Ĳڴ򿴣Ӯġ
˲ˣߣҲˣ
һһֻܽ뵽ɭһΣҲÿˣлϲԣϽ߰ɣ
ǧ֮£Щ뿪ɭ֡
һԼʵأû뵽ʵûӳʮ֮һ뿪ˡ
һâ֮󣬽³ɽԺɽĶѨС֮صĹâɣûб͸ɫҲ˵˻ûг
ţڤҹҲã˾Ҳգƽµ뿪֮صģ
Сʱ䣬ɽԺҲЩı仯
ͺñľµУ˫̥ҪѰи¡ĸߡ
ľϣþòˡ
ģ̫ˣƽ뿪֮ˡ
ľ֪ȥ֮أû뵽ô
ү¶¶أ
ԺûҵүӣԭҰҲû¶¶ͻӰȥˣ
Ժ¶¶ͻȥˣԼٹҲͻˣˣһš
ľϴӽָóһţԯصš
ԯдҪԯһ壬Ҫӵǿʵ
ģ齨Լ
ֽдݣİ˫Ҳ˼еס
ľϣȳȥһ£ǿڤҹǣü˰ĵԭҰҡ
ãҪҪʲôȥɣ
ȥˣ
ԯ˵һǽٵǽ綼б罫ǽ
ǽٵ֮󣬼˵ٶҲɱ
Ѿ𾳽Ľ뿪ɽԺɽԺɽµĳС
ǵãСһ̳լӡ
Ǹ̹ˣְܼңñ㽫Ҳȫ׹ˣĴլ
ҵ˸̵Ķӣļ۸լ̵Ķӽȫ˽ģǮܽ˶ķ
ǰլԺİ˫ԺеͼԽ

1728 

1728 
硣
ҹɫ
ɽϣҩһһߺȾƣ˼ΪһӾȻ
ҾͲϲ壬¨ӣԽԽ
ãô˵أôˣôԽԽ˷С
ҩһۣƺ˹˵ĺȸͣ
ҩϱţҲһڣŰӡ
ҩүүһ´ˣ˵ˣʦ㲻עʱ͵һöӡ
ҩʱһ£˲Լ߻ǵ
תͷʱ򣬽еĳǰ
СѾͷô
һվߵߣֱһ̶Լġ
ʦҩүүһˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦôĲã
ҩүүЩȥæŽһԣʳʶ̣գһ۾ǰĽľͻʧһ
Ѿͷôõʱ䲻㶼ȥˣûʦ
ѽѾͷûҩүү
ڽ˵ʱ䲻ǼĹ⾰Ƕ˵Ѿȥˡ
ҩ˵뿪ȥĻԼǽ緢飬˼ô
ƽ¾ͺãƽ¾ͺã
ôܿСѾͷƽ£ͷˡ
ô˵һλ³ȥǽˣ
ţҲҪԼԸſԡ
ĲǿѣȷȷʵʵҪͬİ
ôð죬Ϊʦھд㼸˵ĵַ
Ķסһʱ䣬ףСѾͷԼҪȥ
д˼˵סֽŽ˽ġ
ʮǰ⼸СһﻹڸҺأǲĻӦûڵַϵס
ʦҩүү
Ĵӽָó˵ҩⵤҩ뿪ɽԺʱ򣬴үҩ˳ߵģٶһΪ
һλżҲû׼ʲôɽԺƵĵҩ
úúãСѾͷˡ
ЦţСѾͷѾˣã
ſţ۾ˮҲ
Ҳۿô᲻ʦҩүү
һʱ䣬Ķ˼ҺȾƣȵڶ峿һЩ鼮֮󣬱뿪ڡ
ɽۣҩүүŽʧеĽģ˼ȸе־ο
˵ԼȥɣѾˣ
ǰ
ҩ޵Ѿˡ
κ
ѾǼˣκһоͺһ
ļǵãڱĩ߸κһС
յĻ治ϵظǰվκĽֵϣʶȴѾͬĻ棬ипࡣ
֪ôκľڼϿκλ񡣡
ļٵģǿ֮£Ǳκ˳̩񰲵ף
˷׷Źκ飬УΪܵ
켣Ⱥ֮УһȺӵ˻ʹ⡣
ڻʹΧ˶ڵϣʲô
ΨĶżվ֮УԵôء
£ڻʹ֮У
ʾ⽪Ĺ£Ϊǰһӣ㲻˵һԡ
ûлˣκĻʹǰһ㡣
κľѾ֪˶ˣǿʢκȻľҲеϢ˿˵ӦþȺųˡ
ˣڲʹ֮ʱλ񲢲κȺų磬Ƕ˵ȴκȺųơ
ڽĳκʹеʱżö˸ӦһǿϢϢǿ޷ݡ
˳еʱö˲ɵüͷ
ηʥ
Ȼ֪ǰŮ˭öܹĸӦϵϢǿϢö˼һҲһָͷĶ֡
ǰöˣҲ²˵ˡ
ǵ׺͵ںδǽģǵĽ̡
ġ̣
ֵʱСȵɴ˫ۣԼ
ǽô
ͬСȵƤΪֳأĿʼڽĵϣֲֵʱܾЩϤ
̵Ļ񣬲Һ˵˵ĩ顣
κĻʵκЩ±ƣһȻκĻʵۣǰԼ˽ĻʵۻǰһЩȽϺá
κ꣬һ״һЩţڰ֮ǰߵɭ֡
ãת޵л⡣

1729 þò

1729 þò
СöǰĸڶǰκߵɭֱԵ
ԴӴս֮κȺųᵽɭֱԵһػ粻ħֺҲø徻
ף
СȱıĽԺ䣬뿪ڸߵˣκθһڣ㱻ѵһ
СһЩ˯ǳףô㡣
СƺѾϰųвƲƲ죬Ȼ˵Ͳ˵ˣʱɱԹ
磬˯ײ˵
Сοһϧãڵֳ޿ħͿˡ
ýˣúһë
ʱ˯еκȺȻ˹һ˫ֽץסų֣ظֳˮ
ȣôˣǲجˡ
ų磬εĻˣ
κһƬ£ųԼ˽ġ
ȺãҲεңĳЩˣ֪ϵԼϱԼĺӶ
Աߣһɫ˶ĽЦţЦô
κȺųΪǻþ۾Ļ
ġôģ
κܵ˽ߣĿµĿԼ۾
Ľ㣡ôĽ㣡
ģǣ㻹֪
ųȻ˵ŷҲߵκ࣬Ŀ⿴Žġ
ҹɫκ
һӺþƺòˣϤζ
Ŀ˿ų磬ֿ˿öˣε̾һ
ǵӣûǵʱҲǸֻףҵ֣Դס
Сö֪ԼǸʲôеˣû뵽̵Ĵ׶ԡ
λʲô¶
ų֪һ²ˣʱųһΣȻ顣
ǲɣ
ԭñĩļ˸Լǽ磬Լڿ޶ҸͲȥˡ
Ľ㣬Ǳĩôʲô¶ֱ˵޷
κ̫˽⽪ˣ֪һλȻԭ
ðɣһλȷʵҪ飬ֻ飬ھȨǲҡ
İԼļƻ˵һ飬ǽڲ֮ǽ٣һǽٵǽ綼һţҪһǿӦǽĻңӦԯһ塣
ȥҺųԸĽǽ硣
ǴȥΣء
Ƚ˵껰κеļᶨɫѾ˵һС
Ľ㣬ǰڱңػ磬Ƿ޶Ҳ˰֮ãǱĩ಻˵ôͬͬۡ
ĩ߸˴̰иͬͬǵС̰㲻ĩˡ
Ⱦ˵ûκ
ųľ
ʲôʱߣ
׼˵Ļһ̴ǰǽɽׯ
ĺٺٵЦţųκȣȻɽԺһլլѾжʱˣҪ˷Ĵһ
һӣһöָų硣
һǧǽͨĻң㡣
ôĽǮң
ųô˵ţǽָ˻С
Ṇ̀Ҳȥ
СȺö˱ʾҲҪǰǽ磬Ǳһ·
ǵΪӦǽѹȵǿһЩȻǰǽ硣
ſųӵκУǽ硣
뿪κ֮ǰĽСȶһһطҸҪú
뿪κһվؼҡ
дĵַؼҾٰ䡣
ھʮŬؼ³Ϊĵһ塣
ǸʱΪǿ
ǵؼңڼǰǷһƬؼҲֻʣֵܶˣ
ؼҲΪ˵һ壬ҲϢȺ
ؼҵ÷׷׹ڵϣسݵĿŸٰ̨
һǿĴڣǲɴĴڣҲĴڡ
ؼҼٰ쵽̵ʱһϮɫ˶Ľſڸ̨֮£Ц
ع̨µŮ֮ʱɫɵסˣΪԼǰ˻þ
ģ
þòûѽ
ǽĵ
ֱֱĿǰֵŮӣһģǱ˽ĵϡ
ô
ѵǹɣ˵£Ųеۣ
ŲеᣬһԾ˸̨£ؼҵ˲ĿŽģŮ˵˭ؼҵ˼

1730 ǽû

1730 ǽû
ģʲôʱģ
ҲǸջãȥҲȥȺų硣
ĺϯضһʱ緢飬Ҳ˵һĿġ
ɻô
ûС
ҡҡͷ˵ǰ˼ٹһǧ꣬Ҳ޷ԺĨȥ
ȻһлһֱС
ڤҹûһô
û֮أһλصĿıټĩͬǰǽ硣
ĿģѾ˵ˣ붼ûñӦ
ͬͬۡ
иͬͬ
ĩ໹Ǹĩ࣬ٹǧԾˡ
ȥ³̺ͻԺĿС
á
еһ룬ؼһĪֵŮ뿪ˣˤؼһӲ֪룬ֻؼֹһεļ䡣
ͽȥ˴ʯʯĻң³뿪ˣ˵ĺǻҵҼ
ǺӼĵʱҲһ£ҺȷԼСʱġ
̣壬׺͵
ԣ͸
Ĵӽָóһط˶˵ĺӣǰˮȥ³̺ͻ
ˮϵʱ򣬱㿴һССˣŮԹ˵㣬һһ߳Ů˵Ķ
ϱҪٴˣҴô
³̻ӣˡ
ϱģĺ
ˣҲһ
³̵Ķ䣬ҲҪúõسͷ³һڻʱ򣬿˿ϵӰҲԭء
һԾ˽ߣۿˢһӺ
Ҳ˵仰ʲôʱġ
ģɶʱģ
³̹ЦţͽĶˣֵĸ˵Ρ
³̻޶ǰҲǿġ
ջãⲻǶô
ĸ߻³ԼеĿģ붼ûӦһǰǽ硣
ʱ̫ģǽεΣգ˷·ֻص˵껹ǲǸʱ
ųѾǰǽ磬ҪȥѰԡ
һųǰֽһöӺͽָ
ʲô˵ȥɽԺӱɣլͽˣҰٻȥ
֪ˣǱɣ
³̣˴ʧڽǰ
ʧ֮󣬽뿪ˮϣȥĿѰԶˡ
ĵĿµʱ͵ȺĿ⡣
аòΪҲϲˡ
Цţ˫ֶżµĿŽġ
ԶˣЦš
ȥǽһôΣա
Σջȥء
ѾţصȺĿ⣬ǽ紫Ŵ򿪣˺ԥĴš
ĩļ˶ۼˣҲܻȥǽ硣
ĵδӴʧһ̣һоӰ˳
ղӦ˽ĵϢôһգ۾ʧˣ
ǲ⣬εʼ򣬿ֻȥǽڽҵǳ֮ˡ
һߣڴ֮˶ʮһ͡
ոյʮһָͣеֻͣ
ֻϢʾź壬κȣͶĶϢԡ
˵ĵ绰Ӧòỻɣ
һԵ̬Ĳͨ˶ĵ绰
ཡ
Ƭ֮󣬵绰һͷ˶
󼸺Žӵ˽ĵĵ绰
ģ
ңأ
ҡ
ңڡҿ
תͷ˿ĹƣһƬ˹ȥ
Ұ˳϶κȡ
Сʱ֮󣬶ҵĳڹ£κȺͶ˿ĵʱһ˷ޱȡ
ǽʱ伸Ͷʮһͬ뿪ʱ䣬ʮһͬǹȥ˽֮á
ȥһضô
ʲôط
ǽ磬ȳԷɣһ߳һģҪըȿ֣Ŀ֣
һֱЩʳƷγֱӱ͵꣬ĸһ߳һţ˵Źǽ飬˵ԼĿģ˿˿˴˵ͷ
Ǻȥǽ磬֮ǰҪһЩ
ǽû硣
ƩʼǱֶûɶҪˣҲûá
κȺͶʰһᣬõĶ˱Уڼ˸֮ŽĴ˴ǽ硣

1731 

1731  
Ȼڳڻصǽ֮ǰһǣȥԴһ͵ǽ硣
Ͼ֮ԼѾˣӦԴںʱĵطУǽȻõĵط
ôôˣ
ڿլͼֽųһ۽ģĵŰǰ
ô²լԺô
ţ˳ĳΡ
ߣųͽ˲ŸθլԺһߣκȣ³̣붫κȶ˻Լ
Ȼ˫֪ԷĵϸΪ˽ý飬˴֪Էһǿסѡ
硣
Զʮһ͡
ֳ˾˵⽻ܿı³̵˵ȫϢҽҲĩһЩ顣
󡣡
κȡ

ҹɫŴء
ҪֲǣϾԺĵط
ͬ⣬»֣Ҫͽж£
³֣Ͱ
ܲһں֣
³һۣĿڽĵϡ
ģûʲô֣
ôҪ˾ˡ
Ҳ⣬ҲǲԣежŵҲſĸԣɴ˾Ӻˡ
ͬ⣬˾Ӳ
ԣǾͽ˾ˡ
һ¾ĳ˾ӡ
˾ӻһƬ£ųͶ˸˾ӣ˶Ҫ
ʮʱ䣬˾ӿ˵æýŲմء
ĵطҪ޲ʺϵĽҪһ˵ʮá
˵ǾͲ빤ô
³̺Ͷ飬ΪɶһҪǲ𣬺۵ģ
ųͶĻشܼ򵥣
УҲǲүǵĻ˵ȻѵҲҪһô
³Լϱųô벻Щ
Ůȥ첼˾ӡ
µʱ䣬˾ѾȻһЩ֮Ҫɡ
ҹɫ˾ӣԽΪ׵׽һȥʱֻӰƵĳǰ
ڣէһؤɡ
ǰĶ֮ʣŷ˲Ǳˣˡ
ҵˡ
룬ôˣ
ˣзôȸڷ˵
Ŀ֮£˳˳˼һͰ׷Ӳ˶ɨ߰˰ˡ
żԣأ
лӣ̫ˣ
мͲˣȴųϬ˻ȥ
ų綫ǰĶ˵ݣһδͬ飬ֻһװ硭ĪǱˣ
ڣԱ볤̾һ
ˣڳһȺˡ
֮ذʱ䣬ǷͳҲΪõĻ򣬲Ųƶ֮ر
׷ʲô飿
˵
֮صİʱ䣬Ǽ˷ָܼпΡ
֮ΪԶ֮أһ֮رܸܵǿеĸΣҲǲԶġ
ⶼҪ˵ΣձгɳʱҲȷȷʵʵɳ࣬Ѿ𾳳ڵľ硣
ǣƶ֮ʳȱǳû¶٣ȻǵΪٳʳϾζ޷ݡ
˵Լ֮еһԵ֣صļϡ
֪ɣ֪֮ضʲôô
Ľľ
ۺᣬ˵Լ֮顣
ǰ֮ħͨһȥ⵽ħµ׷ɱ˵ԺˣǴĻҲ֮١
бףħ岻ϵ׷ɱ֮£̤ڵУϴСС鲼˿ڣѾ˵һС
˾պڤҹûô
ûУѾ˸ɽԺľˣ֪һر˾ӡ
ĸ˽˿˿Ͷʮһ͵ͬ飬ǰ׽
ϾԺһ£˵ˣǷ˵ζ˼ζԺԷõĿ˼Ҳǡ
ͷ˲١
ͷһֱΪĵĻ⣬ͷȻ˲٣Ҳ˵ħڻҪһʱܴϡ
գ峿˾˾⡣
˾Ƕֻȿ˵һ˹ȥ
һĻκŵĺʱ֣Żȥ˾˾ӡ
˾զˣ
û¶ˡ

1732 

1732  
˵ĲǱˣҲǸոմ֮ع¡
ȫɢһŵζߵǰӻóһҩ˾
һɫĳһ˫۾۶
£ҪлңҪΪҵĻ޷ŵ뿪֮ء
ŽעԵϣҿİ־ЩϤ
һǷı飬Ļֱһģһ
ʲôʶˣ
ȻĻ
֮صʱ䣬ĻҲԵı仯
ʱ˾˹ĵҲ֪֮طһЩ顣
˾һȺ¶¶Ӱ
ˣ¶¶ͻүһȥˡ
ô
һ˿į֮⣬˾ı˼㡣
ôİ֮˾ˣǾͲѽ
ɵ˾࣬һֿ˾ļ
˵˵֮طɶ¶ôһ˹ȥ
֮أ
̾һ˾֮طȤ¶
ˣ˾֮ؼֱȥȼٵġ
˵Σգ˾ȴǵ¶
ͺñȣ֮صĳȻҪ˾óԺúдһԼеĹڸ˾
˾ѾԼδ޵ˣԲȢޣ£ֻŮ͵ݼңİȫ
ңһ·Ҳûʲô¶¶Ҳ˾ںϳΪʱʵ𾳽֮ࡣ
˵ˣ˵ױ
ĽʺޣҪ˾ԭҰˣһὫʬȥι
¶¶ǲǰѰߵݹ̸㣬㾹Ȼ֮Ⱥ¶
Ľʲôˣô˵˶ƽƽĹˡ
ģڤҹı̬ǾԲ¶
οŽģףڤҹڳٳδ֣ıȻǵĵҪڤҹʵһû¶
š
գ˾ӡ
ʱ˾Ӿۼʮˡ
ԣų磬κȣ³̺
ʮһ͵ĶκȺͶ
ǽ룬£˾
ʮһһŽ˾Ӹôչ
˵һ£ûκζѣǽһǿʳĵطǼ˵ΪߣҪǽĻȱҪԼΪ
˵ֱҲ˵ص㡣
Ѿ̤񾳣Ǵ񾳲ǽ𾳽磬˲֪ٸȼ˵ʮһ͵ĶκȺͶˡ
ңܸоǽԽԽˣǽǽټˡ
Ҳõģǽٵ֮ʱŷλʾ֮ˡ
ְԼղ˵ĻԲ˻
ܸоõЩ˵ʶǾѵߣֻƵѹƣûнǿľ硣
ǽ£ǽңҲеʱڡ
ˣһҪȥһ¡
óһֽдһЩС֡
ʲô
˾ӵ֤
ʼΪ鷳գÿÿĹأǽˡ
ʱ䣬ҺǽĹأҪǽһǱҪõǽͬʵ֮һ
Ҳ˵Ҫ˾վȽŸҪӦʸ񣬵һеֽ
ֽдһЩ飬ҪɽɣҪֽ񣬶Ҫÿһɲſԡ
һһ˵һҲԻǽ϶
ȻҪ˾ӵȥԿԯһ壬ͱҪֽϵ񡣡
˿ֽе嵥ССһʮرΣյ¼ռʮ
Ҳ˵ֻʮż֮ǽǳ˾֡
˾ӵ𾳽ǿݶˣʮżÿһҪɰ˼񷽿ɡ
ų磬˾ӵͽˣǴʮżֽ֮顣
ԣһΪҪ顣
ų˵Ŀ뿴ģı˵Ŀ⿴ȫëġ
ʲô¶
ûǮˡ
Ϊɶһǧûô
ĵɴ۾ԼĻΪɶûǮˣǰʱǲŸųһǧô
Ҳֻ֪һǧô
ųĿ֮мֱ֮ɫ
Ҫ޽˾ӱһСḶ́һǧȻ٣Ҳɽա
ң齨һӴҪõǮԶԶֹһǧô򵥡

1733 ǶһȺħ

1733 ǶһȺħ
ǰҵһǧó˴벿ȥͶʣǮǮ
ųԼļ⣬Ҳͬų
˵еǮˣҪ׳˾ӣҪǮǲ
ãҸ
ʹָеĲ˶ųˡ
ûˣһҲûˣ
ҡҡͷʾԼھԷǮҲʣʲôˣ⻰Ŷŵġ
˭ѹͲύԼϵ׶
ЩǮҲˡ
𾳽߰ĵֽϵͿˣ˾ӾͽǣȣһǵԤ㻹٣
ʾκһ˾֮ͶһЩĲҵҪõǮ
ڶߵκó˼ն˵ֿʼš
˼ּ㹤ߣɵıҪĽ
ڵ֪мֹ֮ų籦һϧŶ͸ļ
˾Ҿͽų˴ڽģ룬£˾Ƿֱ𻮷˰˸֮󣬷ֱŲͬķɱȥ
ķֵֵİ˸˵Ҳ˵Ҳѣˣʼ
һܼ򵥣ֻҪϲժһ仨ɡ
Ƕ仨ҪʢһΣһоػŻ䣬һҪõĻ졣
ӣõô
±Źӣһߣ죬СѵػԻħޡ
˵óͺˣһٶ򣡡
СЩͬĿźħޣҪҿԺҫʲôʲôħѪͳɶġ
۾˪ϱϹӾβһѪͳ߹󣬸Ѫͳǳıӵˡ
ӰŻŻˣϾҲʲôħ
ʾֵ̫飬Ͼ¶Ǳ˼ҵĵ̣Ժõ
֪ף㣬ĥĥ󣬸ϽԻó
˵Ҫ¶ôƫƫҪһ٣̫ˣ
ñ׵ħ޿޵ǽһңҪһβػ֤Լħ޵ݣ·˻Ϊһ޹İձĸ۸ء
ħһȳһյĴɽժȡԻ˽ġ
˺˲ˣ̫˹
Ƿű̫أܵĻйζħ۵һ˳޲һ˽ĵĻ߿ࡣ
ǲ֪⼸ֶ֣Ӣӻˣ°ô찡ۣ
ԣ˹
ģҵħޣεЦš
õԻҲ˵һ񣬽ĽԻ
Իʱһ¡
ʲôô
ʩȡʱʱ䣬ôժԻ
¿ŽģҪ֪徿ʲô顣
ػԻħ޿ǿϹħޣ𾳽ǿҲҪһɣɡŰʱʱ䡣
Ŷħ͵ģǻƵһ죬ɣ
֣ʾӽֻѼʮŸӣŴ˾ӲܱϿɡ
ƽ˽ģǽʧеӰԾǲ⣬ת㳯ȥ뿴һ׷ʲô
ɽ۵ʱ򣬱㿴ħڴ
Ҫʲôȥ
۾ϹȻˣӿɲ¶ˣûǮ׬Ҫһٶ򣡡
ħѾףȥүԻŲȥ¶ˣԺ˭ԸػԻ˭ȥػҪչ
˵ţħޱŰҡڵ뿪壬ֻʣһ±Ƶ
һߣ뿪ɽĽĳŵڶص㱼ȥ
ڵһ񣬵ڶҪһЩ
ֻҪׯһɣֻҪ͵Ŀĵ֮󣬾ͿԻˡ
ׯʱѾˣҵڳԷ￴һ۽ģĽеһ
Ӧ֪·ϻڶһⱦУʧˣһڲ׼ظڶͬ񡣡
оӨ͸ӣɢ΢Ĺâܸоõ
Ѱ£һὫӲ浽װʲôڲɣƷ
ɣұǡ
ｻܼ򵥣Ǽ͵ʮҴУ·ϻᷢʲô֪ˣȻӣСΪ

1734 Ҳʱ

1734  Ҳʱ
뿪ׯ׼ǰصҴ壬ӽ
ǰŸո뿪ׯһ·ϣ㱻ʮסȥ·
ʮ棬һҹ£λεĳɫ·ɭĹâ
΢΢üͷŵ·ˣЩӦ˵Σ֮һˡ
ɽҿԣҪ··ƣ
ĴٿںţʮסģĿеӡ
Ҹʱ䣬ܷܲһ
ɷʮ·ٷˣĴ۹ء
֪ʮ˸ῴ˵гֱŽĻӶ
ɣ

ε̾һһӣǰ
ܴǰ治Զ㡣
İɣЩң
ʮˣв쾳۷ĸ֣䲻֪Щ⻹أҪǲܵġ
ˣĴŹǷ뿪¹ֳ֮ᷢʲôϵ
ʱһͳЦصҹɫ֮С
ϤϢܣǺɫħҹ
İ˫ͣ½Ųעǰ
òˣû뵽һμ棬ΪѾﵽ𾳽硣
߲Ǳˣ
ںɫ֮УֻԼԼĿӰӡ
ʲôħ֮һˣ
񲻳ֵĻЩǽħˡ
ǽټǽҳһ࣬ħȻŹһˮˡ
ģٴ㷢룬ҪԼûаʱ޷γɡ
֪Ҫʲôƾ˾ӵЩˣûʵ
أϴεĻشǽ֮ǽᷢʲôҲϵҪʲôҲں˾ӡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣɱ⸡֡
ҲãҪĿתħ붯˾κһˣǳܲ
һ顣
ǰһվںڰıԵеɱȡ֮һĨЦݡ
ȻʱҲǽ磬һֱѰһˣ֪Ǹ˭
˾ؽǶʱɽԺ˾أľϿҲ֪˰ǽ飬ѰһŮˣ֮һ
µԭЩ䣬һŮ·һŲɢŮ˲ǸˣʧֵǣôӶ޷֪Ůת֮
Ůһص㣬һ÷̥ǣŮϴµӡһתŮӵϡ
ɲ֪ΪΣҲŮӵת
֮ô˵ΪҪҵŮ˭
в𣿡
Ž֮£ϸ˫к˪һƬ
ˣⲻв˵ǽħ֮һҲһССɽԺѧԺôвء
ô˵ɴǵЦѾ˵һС
Ĳ񣬶Ҳ鷳ػڽߡ
ףħħء
ǽħ֮һܲô
һǾõҪȫһ
Уڤҹˣû֮һ
˺ˣȥӰɡ
⣬ֻ뾡콫͵ȻССϢһ¡
ŽʧеӰڰ֮еĸֳΣһ˫ɫԾǰţ˿еɫΪΡ
ҪҪȥ˾ӡ
ҪҪܽ˾ڵֵز
ǣ
ڰУȥһϮɫĸ˫ָ̧ͷһ貵ǿա
ǽ磬Ҳʱˡ
ׯҴһ·ϣʮ·ĽٷͻȻֵ֮⣬Ļ˲ǿѹ֮·׷װˡ
ڣ͵ҴС
ƽ˽ģڽ뿪֮ǰ͸
Ҫ͸ô
ϾƷҲȥʲô
͸Լе⡣
ŰɣԵȻסġ
Цţӷڽк󣬱ȥҴ塣
ջô
ףӦһʯֻ汻һ赲
쿴͸ӵıʣӶ˵ûʲô̫ð
ţô˵ҲǸöԶôء
ӷ˽ָУĺһص㣬ȥɵ

1735 ʲô¶

1735 ʲô¶
˸мѡ
ǰѾɣֻʣһ
жɣ
ֽдһ񣬾ȻҪһ͵ħͨС
ʦ˼˵ںܾǰһսУħı׷׵ǽĴء
ħıﲻͬѰĶǱ˴򿪣һƽѡ
ǺѰҵ˵ħ籦ﶼ԰У԰峤Ҳƽھֵϴ𿴹Щ
ÿµ߼֣˵ӶҪ׬ǮĻƽھһѼ׬Ǯŵ
˵׬Ǯ
Ȼԡ
ƽھֵĶҸĿһԨзӡߵĸħ屦
ЩĻֻǺ˲ǳа޷٣Ψһ;ǽͻħ硣
˽֪ħһʮֿɲĵطȥ˺ܺŻģ˵һҪôҪԼļţΪʮż£Ҫôǵ⡣
и֪һЩħĶմȾħѺ͵·򲻿׿ǳʲôƽھֿɲκεġ
ҽеζжøɸɾָָ󱻷ӡߵħ屦
ʱ˿̵ĽӶǮ֡
Щħ屦ֵǮô
ȻЩɶħƷŽͭ˵˵Զʱħ彣ħĺǧء
ƽھֵĶ˵ÿһļֵ˵ѺͱصħӶ
ɣǾȫҰ
￴ûЦɣôħıȷҪȥħ磿
ҲԼĻ𾳽ǿһҲֻħ籦Щ֮ϿɶմȾǿħմȾ˿ʴǣֻʲô˭Ҳ󲻵
ڿЦôЩȫͻħȥһӶ𣬰þ͵˾ӡ
ϣȻô˵ˣҲ˵ʲô
ħĶƽھ˵һɽ󣬺޲ʱ˦ҪǸÿ궼Ʒӡ˦ֲˡ
ܽ鷳ȫ˾ӵˣ쿪ˡ
һʱʱ䣬ұ㽫ԨħĶڽָУֻǽָڷӡ֮£ԴԴϵıŷħ
಻òһ飬ӡֻܳʱ䣬ֻҪһħй¶ʱ򼴱Ǵ޽ɳҲ
Ҳ֮鶫û˵ǰŮӣʮӣ˵ΪָͣװŵĶħ
лǵðþȥ˾ӡ
ģƽھעþһ͵˾ӣȵħ֮ƽھٽһӶϡ
ͽ뿪ԨҸ˽һħĵͼһЩħҪע顣
ħǽıԵشħƣγһݡ
Ҳ˵ħشռ֮أ˵ǳŵħܱһڸ֣𾳽ǿҲ޷ħ̫ͣõʱ䡣
ŶҸĵͼĴװħĽָ̤ħ֮á
Сף죬ħ֮ǲȾǵʶ
ףȺ㡭
˵껰ЦŰš
ôҿħ֮壬¶ġ
ԼĸĵС;
ȻһǺһһϹĻ»ǻᱻȾģħ֮ǡǡԵħϮ
ס˵ĻҪҵġ
֪ˣס
;ΣɽĺǽħĽ֮
ԶԶأܵޱǿħŷš
ħ磡
˴ħڤڤֻħһ֡
ħ磬ˣ
ֻڰУһϮɫ˶װĽĵŰǽħ硣
Ұɫأ֮⣬ħܿɫʵĿ
ÿһڣħԴԴϵ͸ÿһëϸС
ңԼֵǵĻǾһˡ
ħعϡ˿һʱʱ䶼ûпһħˡ
ò׷һĴׯׯҲֻмΧǰ塣
ң˵϶ͷôģ۾Ϲǲǣûͷô
׮ϣһ֧м䣬һԵͷˣ϶ͷ
϶ͷ̧ͷһ˵ߡ
Ϲȱۣͷʱ岻ôܸĹô˵ˣˣǸ̻ӮϷ򣿡
϶ͷһı飬ţˮƽһͷ˿
ܱңϷݺһһ֣£壡
ͷĻǱ˺һٵ
һһĸ֣һһࡣ
ޣҲԼĵУҪΪȥǴܰߡ
ǣǴھĴ
ǰһ̻żܣһվͬһϡ
ܲܲˣϽȥ
Ǹһĳôߣ
ѾվһԿ˺þãʵǲ˼ڲ죬ҪǲʵĻҪԩ·
ĵ˲תͷŮӾվǰǻһ𾪡
С㡭˭ûнڵɶģ̫ϷҲ
϶ͷһ۾ֵˣǼɫ⣬ֻѾͷƯҲȻǸ˶ϲһЩŮˡ
һԵߣ¿Žģһ˿⸡ֶ
࡫
ͷò˴ߴŸϽȥɶ¶극˵
ׯֻʣߣŲ޲Ͷ
˵˵ׯǰкܶˣǽǶȥ˳Уֻʣڴ档
Ǻ˻ڴӣԼĵʱ⡣
СѾͷô
šһ㣬Ĳá
û¶û¶ǼϼһɶþںãٷͰˣСѾͷ
ðɣ
ȻˣҲˡ
Ȼ̫Լʸ·ôͱ˳ѵõĻᣬҪúðղǡ
ģΧȹ˳ʼջ
Ժ㿴ҿ㣬Ȼû˵ȴøԵķʽͨߡ
Ӧòħˣϵħô¶ͷô
׼ѾͷΪͣȾ䣬ĿʲôҪħĻɱҲ١
ΣͬͷĻȿ˵
ʱһӳ˷׷תͷȥĿųķ
ʲô¶
Լʱʱ䣬˷ĲһƵð׷ȥͦʳġ

1736 ͷ

1736 ͷ
Ĳһ׷ҲǺһͨĸпš
ϾһʱûгôóԵĶˣȻûڣǿɫ֪һζʳ
СѾͷղһô¶
ųиղŷǵʲô
ôСĴһЩѣϽ԰ɣһ˾Ͳóˡ
˭ϷϷ˭
ſвϺϣ˼ѹͲ¶ϵвҲӼһһѸٵķ±˳ꡣ
ɫźɫȻе㲻ǱϾ⣬Ǳ۾ζ
ǡ
ͷͷҺ񿴵ȥѾõס
ɫ쳣࣬˫ֽץסϵ䣬ˮʹˮ
ǳϣϺϵɫѿ
ҪѾٶֵĻһᵱ
СѾͷôڵģ
ϸϽﻹδʵʳһһ˳˿ϵĲһŻûעʳģϸһŻϡ
ʳľȻħо綾ޱȵ㣡
СѾͷǺԵ޳Ϊ˶ǣ
ǡҾǿӱһ㳤÷˶ޱȣˡ
Ҳ뵽о綾Ǽðû¶
˵ˣѾǺĵˣôѳô
Ϣһʱ䣬˲ŴıԵΣգһڴϣ԰׵ɫʬûʲô
߳ħ磬ǽǿ߶ǣ񣬾ȻЩ屻ɱ
СѾͷ治ɱϷͽô
ĲǣҪȥһЩǮõġ
ĵ̬ȺϣҪȥħĳнеıˣ˾ڽ֮УȱʽʱŻƽھֵнȫħ屦ħ
Ϸһˮ
Ҫ˭ֻ֪ǳһںǰֵ̧ûˡ
˵ʵĻЩģϾҲΪԼԭ򣬵һҾ緢Ҳҽκˡ
һʱ䣬չߣͷ֮⣬˾ܾһڣǼ֡
峿ϣϺϿǻָһЩ㿴ҿ㣬оԼӹŹһһ
СѾͷҪȥħҪ֪ħǸطգһСѾͷᱻ˺ιġ
ұҪȥΣҲֹң
бҪȥħǵɡ
ħܴħħĶǣҲΪĵط
ҪǮΨһȥǰħǣԳߵļ۸ۡ
˰ˣҲȥħҲˣ
ԭȥħǿԼĺⶼˣЩҲ֪ħıԵһԼ
λǰҲҪȥħô
ܸоõǰ˶ǲͬѰ֮Ļʳﲻ˿Ļָ
ͷȥӰɡ
զϷͲȥӣѵ˵㲻뿴ô
ϰһۣͷѾ˺ͽһǰħǡ
ֻħԵĴׯҪħҪʱ䣬⻹ǳľſɣͽǰеĻûм¸ˡ
ھĴƱͽĸ
˵Ļ˵ҪǽĵĻҲῴƣҲỳһͱ˵ļˣһжΪģ⴬ƱҲȻ
´ƱÿһŴƱף۰
˳ھϣĸоԼֹε򵼣ϱʳˮҪԵĻҪǮ
СһĶϣֻӽǮһһʾ޿

ڽеĽһһİԼ⼸յʱ棬Ϻ˾ֵҰϻ˸飬ʰоֵȻ
ۿžҪħˣԲܱ¶Լݡ
³һǿеѹסԼŭ𣬽ԶˣӲǣһĨЦ⡣
һԵĴԱǲһοŽģΪ˵ݣΪ̳Т˳
ʱ䣬ڵħǣϺͶ˴ͽĴһк֮ʧȺС
˽ʧʵйıӰĳһ۰˦ˣ
˾֮ĽֱħǵĺС
ħ磬еķǽһɭֲŮʦȴ쳣欣ڰϢĺнȻͬ͡
һ̨ӣֻһСС̨Ӿͻһļ۸
Ϊ˸ıһҲֵˡ
һӣָеһöħ籦̨ϣֵ˲䣬˵ˢˢˢת¥ںȲһȺħҲǽĿ̨ϡ
ǡȻذף
˵Ŀ⾪㵵Ѿ޷ݣذףǴ˵еħ籦
ɲ˵ذʧˣôٴγ֡
ȿȣ
˵֪ǰذʲô⣬ϵı飬ӦǸö
ɤӣʼߺ
߹·Ҫ˦ඣҪžŰˣҪʮˣԵֻۣҪſˣ
ĵĻȫ˵Ŀ⡣
Ҫ˲
ˣ㵱ذߵôˣôľͷԼؼȥҳʮ
˵ֱӽӵʮӾ˲׷ӵ˾ʮ
ҳŰٰʮӲ
¥ħ֮ھʮĻǼ۵˾ŰٰʮϾذףʮҲΪ
˿ʼϵĽмִۣӾŰٰʮǵһǧپʮ
Ϊһʼ˵ľŰپʮˣʮˣſ˵ۣںÿμӼ۵ʱ򣬼Ҳ־ʮ˵ȵȵ֡
գذǧŰٰʮļ۸˳ȥħĹߡ
һӣʱִӽָóڶϹħ
˿ǰ̨ϳֵĵڶϹħʱһ۾ֱˡ
⾹Ȼǡħ٣
Ϲħħ٣ħӵеıϹħսǽ֮УħսħҲ֮ʧ
ħķȥѰңҲûҵħ١
û뵽ħپȻǰ
λʶ۸ҾͲ˵ˣԼм۰ɣ
Ĳ֪ǰĹʲôħ屦ɻǾ仰ϵıҲµó
ڶħ屦ħ٣һ˵ļҽм֮£ǧļ۸ۡ
˵һ飬Щħħһ֣Ҳάޡ
֪Щħ˶꣬һȥʱʲô飬ɲ¹ʡ
õħٵѹûὪĵĻ±ħ٣ԼٶʧںС

1737 ԭ

1737 ԭ
˵ĿԴԴϵͶҪóֵĵħʲô
ȻһλӶһɫϢʱϾȵıѾ޷ݡ
ϹأԼӼ۰ɣ
һʱ䣬ļںħ屦׬ǽ
׬ǮȻҲġ
˵൱һ˶ԽеħԼ׬Ǯע⡣
ħеĺҹûʲôԵĻֽޣʮħ֮뿪˺УҲһȺβ͡
أȥʲôطˣ
ڽħ֮ڹʱȴŮ˾Ȼʧˡ
ңǾҲҪҳ
ǣ
ɢѰҽģɴʱ˿̵Ľ뿪ħǵľ
ֻĲ뵽ǣԼھоȻһˡ
ôħ硣
ĺǲĿŸǸäҲ˵ΪΪλħֵط

ĵæѰǰƺץ˾һ
̫ˣȻ
뽪˵Լ֮Իħԭ
Ϊ½һ̼ĸ߼ңħĵ˽ߣ߼ɳ˴ŽȳֻϧЩ˶ħǡ
ʲôʱ¶
üͷǽ緢ô¶Ȼһ㲻
Ҹ߼һ
̾һ˫֮һĨ֮ɫ뱯һ
û뵽ɷͻǽ߼ңþǧ
ǿԣɡ
΢΢üͷµĿŸ̾һӦ£ϾҲҪǽġ
ָеħûȫȥҪ¼Ƚõħʱǻкܴô
һ·ħıԵǰУ֮ħǽ罻֮
ʱ棬·Ϸ˲飬ٵħɱ׷ɱˣķɱ
ϣǾͰȫˣ
ɫŨУǰں󣬶ڽ֮
ʱһصڶߣ֮гޱȵѹϢ
Ƿһ顣
ʲô벻ģǮ¶ѣ
Цţڣ뿪ϣصǽ磬ĿֲҲٳ֡
Ҳһ˵飬߼ҵľͣǽ֮⡣
ﲻһǰ߼ô
Ľ͵˸߼ҵľϣǮҲ׼뿪ˡ
ˣ߹·СĲǣһԼ顣
£תʧ߼ǰ
ʧ֮£һɫӰȻӰճ֣ߺǲĿԼҾ
ΪҪ½
߲ףħɱ˽õѡΪ˷ֹպСѾͷǵ飬Ӧ⴦ǣȴɱ֣ΪΡ
ϣ֪ĵݣ
Ͼ֮е˵Źڽĵ顣
ϴԼҾ˽ĸϢҲ׾ΪΪˡ
߼Ŀǳ
׾ͺãȥԺ˾ӲҪ֡
ǣ
һߣ뿪֮ʱδԶĿУ߼ҵľԶȥһĨЦ⸡ڽĵĴǡ

Ÿ֣ҡҡͷ
Ȼ֪ʲôݣضǸˣħͣôõʱֺֻһԭҲħһԱߵ̬𾴣ݸ򵥡
ħ˻켣ڲ½ҳΪ½һ̼壬Ȥ
ȻûжɱҲҪݾߣҪҪʲô
Ľʣļħ·ӡصƽھֽ
һĻŻˣһ˹ħһЩ֤ݣеħͻħ硣
콫ʣµӶ͵˾ӡ
ǣһᾡ͵ġ
еİ˸񣬻ص˾Ѿǰ֮ˡ
Ϊڤҹأ˭֪ԾûмڤҹӰ
½½ģ£˾Ҳص˾ӣ˵ģһһңǶظ˸Ե
ʮöƽ˶ų磬¿ˮ˵Լִ顣
ǲ֪ӻʱͷִ
УһǱҪɣĹϵѾӲ˼㣬뽫һڸֱǸġ
µԼһЩˣִĹǽҲµĵ
˾ִĹҲ˸ԵΣգǾ仰˶ƽˡ
ҹɫ˾ӡ
ų˹֮ʱһֽ
ôССһֽýµܶȡ
һֽ֤˾ӵļֵҲ˾ǽ֮ء
ôõ¶Ⱦףһôԣ
׼һƣֱһһ̳Ӻ
ȼշžص˶ߣŻЦ˱˴֮·ֻصǸǵʱ⡣
峿
һصľ̳ӣ³˱ž̳Ӻ˯
κȣģκȵ˻ǺһЩҲסͷۡ
ʱ˾ӵĴű˴򿪣үӴ¶¶ͻڼǰ
ɵүӿصʬ֮ʱһסˣЩһҭȥ
û¶ү𼤶Ǻȶ˶ѣûû
æǰǰүһ
ǣǿϷˣ
Ľ㣿
Ľ㣡
ʱ䲻ˣٴμģ¶¶ͻǰرĽĽĽš
ʱ˶Ƶ˾һվϤһǰܵߵ¶¶࣬һӵرס˼ɵ˶
¶¶㣡
¶¶˾ڻУһůǵЦ쵽С
Ҳ㡣
ϱ㣬㣬ÿÿҹ㣡
ôʱ䣬˾ʱ޿̲ڹ¶¶
ˡ
ֱڣƻδѵ˾ǰһһΣ¶¶ԼС
˺ˣޣԣ
¶¶Σ˾ʧصһԵ³˿Ҳ۾˾һŮ˿ﻹϱҲǰס˻һһϱ˵Ŷ˵Ļ
¶¶һȭ³̵Ķϣ˲䣬³̵ľƾȥ롣
ϱԭΰ
Ͻ
Ŷ
ѾƵ³ߴߵĽ˶ˣǵ뽫³ȺŹһΡ
ĸүӽںͶʮһ͵ˣҲ˽үӵݡ
һȺţ
үӿ˶еľ֮ˣΪƵѹƣȺ̤𾳽ˡ

1738 ͵ʲô

1738 ͵ʲô
үĻԼ⼸ͽܡ
ͱ̤𾳽磬ӵǿΪĵӡ
Ѿͷڤҹ㲻ҪģǼһ̤񾳣Ȼ¶
찲Žĵǵ˵һڤҹǿ󣬲¶ģ
ţ
񣬽ҲֻһһĴԼڤҹκ顣
һ
һҵص֮䣬һԶϵĴɢҰҲŻζ
ˣ
ǣǽ٣ǿ
ʮһεǽٽˡ
ƵձһɫĹâǣϢѹģ޷Ϣ
ɫĹâԽŨţز֮ʱɢȡ֮Ǽĳ֡
⣬ǽô
ǽٽ٣ǽٻңĿǰ˲֪ΪĻʲô˼ѾӦԵ׼
Ǹϵˡ
һϤ
񣿡
Ǿ
߽˾ӣ˿ģֿ˿ˣ³һ
øеǽٽ֮ʱţһ¶ȥ
һӽ˽ģȻתȥȽĿʳʧˡ
ôصģ
ÿһμͻȻͻȻʧ
³ǲ⣬תͷھ񽻸ĵǸϡ
ɶ
֪
һСӣϱӡţȫԲװʲô
͵ȽĴ򿪴ӵʱһǿĹâӴԴԴϵıŷţǽĵΪѾ񾳵زһᱻͷųƷ֮Զ
񾳵ĽĵˣԼõ˻ԵҲ̤񾳵֮⣬³̣˽ǱƵڵأһײľϣײǽϣڷӿ
Լٶϵôӣϵı鼸޷ݡ
үҲǵסˣԼĻ档
룬£˾Ҳԭأǳ֮ˡ
װǳֻ֮һǳ֮Ŀһ£١ʮöǳ֮ӡڴС
ǿǳ֮ǽǿԯһ壬˾һǿȺҲֻӵһǳ֮ѡ
֮󣬲ݴ½Ѱҵһöǳ֮
񡭡һǳ֮ͳǰ
ǲе̫Цˣ
İΪʦǲ۾Ϲˣ
үӣûǳ֮
ֱһ̣춼Լ۾ʵˣװŵȷȷʵʵǳ֮
࡫
ſˮ֪ǴӺδһǳ֮
ǽٵϵļþòɢ
ү˵⼫Ҳŷ״̬¼УҲܵӡ쳣Ѫǽ֮ҳᷢ
³̣ų磬ȣԣ
ĵĿ⿴ˣתĿ⿴򶫷ͶˣҴӴóǳ֮һһˡ
ǽٽ٣ǽҽǵΪӦⳡѣҪǽ֮У
£ת߿үӡ
үӣǾͽˣʱɷ̤𾳡
ǰĻûԣڲͬˣǽٵټǳ֮ԡ
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ǷĵĸϷߣ֮ϷԻǳΪǽһĸ֡
³̵˶ԣһνǿ飬ڶ˵ʱҪȷֱ𡭡
ȣ㿴ʲôҽԼϱ
ųһۣԼϱô
ʱҪúõ򲻿뿪˾ӣʲôҴͷ֪ô
ģû¶ҲҪСĲǣ
ð죬뿪˾ӣүǰɽԺɽ֮ء
ʱ˾࣬κȵļ
ģ¶ģ
š
ų˽֮Уıʱ͹˾ӵճ¡
κȣ¶¶˺ܿһ¶¶κչʾԼֻκó˶ʮһ͵С⣬ǵö˹Ц
ʱ䣬һαȥ֮á
Ԥϵǽڶ̶µʱҳһࡣ
ոִ»ص˾ӣһһڵĺľˮ޲ֱھˮС
Ҹ˵Ⱥ١ħޣҪץסǾͶɰʯ£ҺɳĮжץסӣ
ǽٽٵԭ򣬲ûУһЩħʥ޵ȵȵҲˡ
Ǻħҵ飬˾ӱȥħޣѶȲͬÿһ񶼻ӦĻ֣ȵֻ۵һ̶ȣԽ˾ӵĵȼ
ڵ˾Ȼǽռ֮أҪԯһԯġ
ҹɫ
һӰĳ˾ڡ
𣡡
𿴼һԺİ˵ϢŭһǺӰ˲ʧ
˴룡
ĵ˳ԺУӰȥΨ鷿ųš
κȴ鷿˳üͷ˿ˡ
˼ʧ֮⣬Ķ
˵Ǹ͵ģ
鷿мֵĶȱȽǣһȼֵǮô
ˣ
е㲻ʮǮһԱߵʮһΪɶ͵ӣҪ͵
ԽţκԽǾ벻ͨ
ʱʧ˾ӵĺӰһó̰Ŀеı˫ַϣ׸ǰˡ
ˣ˾ӵıܷ
ղźӰѾԹˣָȴⱦʱ򣬻Ů˵֡
˵˵ͷźӰеļְȥ
ȻȥʱŮ˵
㡣
ȤԼȥ˷͡
лˣ
Ӱ˵ǲᣬɱϾԼǣˡ
˷һǧǮ󣬺Ӱƽﴩŵ·ȥջԼһ١
գ˾ӡ
ĺӰǱ˾͵ģĿǼΪҲ֪һҪǿ䱸ǡ
Ƚ㣬ġ
Ҳİһѣʱ˺üء
κȴӽָóһµļǶʮһ¿ļܷ㻹¼ȵȵĹܣõ̫ܵأõû⡣
ˣ
ʱ˾Ӵű죬һߵǰ
׵ɽӣ
һڱǼ׵ߣ´ߡ
ӣȻǼ׵Ǯ˼ҲӦ
ȼĲͬΣҲͬǮȻҲͬ

1739 

1739  
ߵ˵˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳѡ
׵ǰ¹ǣѰһʧõıⱦҵļҴ֮
ҼҪ֮ǰһԼҵıҲĿˡ
¹ǣ
ԣǵ飬Ǳھ¹С
ҵĹܼң˵ŹһЩϸڣһҪرעġ
һֻ˾ӵŮɣ˵ˣֻΪ¹һĳУֻŮӿ䡣
һ䣬˾ͽ˻ԳɹıΪ䣬˺þãŪڶӰ
ɼȻǼ׵˾ֻĸŮӣκȣ¶¶ͻԼģ˽֮⣬鹢ֱ¶¶ʣκΪߡ·ᷢʲô׵顣
Ľ㣬Ҳһȥ
κȾԼҲҪһ뽪ǰ¹ǣ˾ӵһԱԶţ˵ˣΪߣ˲ٶʮһ͵ԿԱԼ˺
ǰĽ㣬Ƕһȥ
¶¶ҲͷǶ˾ӵˣһһҪĽһȥ¹ǡ
˾˵飬˾Ҳֹʲô
֮󣬵ڶգ뿪˾ӡ
뿪֮ǰ˾ǧҪ¶¶һչ˺ԼʲôΣշýĳȥֻ
һԵĽۣɫѵļһ
һҪСССģ
İɣֻǰ¹Ѱҵıѣֲȥܵġ
¶¶ʾ˾ģǻչ˺Լģ˾ˡ
֮˾ӾͽǼˣǮʡŵ㻨һ໨֪ô
ţһһǮģ
˾֤ǾԲһǮģ¶¶˽ʧеıӰ㲻ᡣ
ֵܣ¶¶ҲҪĥһԼ˵أǽжĶ֣ǻȺϼƺϼƽôɡ
ǮеĲһǾԲģ
ȥŪǮأ
һߣ뿪˾ӵĸ˳žǰ¹ǡ
¹Ǿһһϣ¹еʱ޷
¹һ鱦ɢɫԣֻԵ˲ܵõ
Ҳ˵ˣ»һӱûʲôΪ۸񰺹˷Ϊ
ŮǾۼһܻ۸ָĻ⣬ӳԺֵΣְԵ档
ϣģ¶¶κȺͻĸΧڲ輸ԣ˵Ź¹ǵ顣
ʱһŽ»˹һЦзġ
λ֪Ƿ
Ľ㣬¹ǵôһ¶
ҵϲֻ˵һţȴû˵¹ǵ便ζ
λ¿ɷڴ˴
幫һ˵ţԾû
״üͷĲá
λռҹң֪ɷ񡭡
ռҵĴңΪԼݱע⣬κΣǰĸŮӲѰˡ
㷳ˣĥĥ߶߶ٴˣ㿴ô
Ļһվץסҵӣ㽫ߵ˾ǰȽĿֹһƿŽ˾
ˣ徻ˡ
һֱ죬úܡ
Ľ㣬¹ǵ便ΪΣ
ǲδҷϣȻҹ컯յϢˣҪӦеĺ
֪ҲǺܶ࣬źܾǰ¹һమŮм䷢һЩᣬǶŮŮӵĻ¹֮Уڻɢ֮ʶ¹䣬̤¹ǣ᲻ú
˽֪汾Ҳ˿ڿഫİ汾
λֻ֪һ֪
һԵע⵽ĸˣĸ˴Ŵ磬ڼƣӦþǽ˾ˡ
¹ȷȷʵʵ䣬ȴǶ䣬ŮӺԩǰ˵䡣
ˣ
ߵĻƬ̡
˼ң˻⣿
λԣŮ¹ǹҵĵճŮ¹ҵĹӣҴСҵĹమˡ
˵Ŷ֮İ£ı簮һʼ۵ġ
ҴС޸ҹӣڻ֮ʱͻȻԹҾٵѪɫĻΪ¹ΪֲĴ˵
ΪʲôҪɱˣ
Ϊһݲرͼ
̾һߵԭί
ҪеĲرͼ;ؼڻʹ˱ɵֶΣ壬ˣһԸ˵ʩзѹó
գҵŮƾһԹ˷ӡתֻصĴ¹ˣҪƽΨһķӣÿһ峤ҪɱԼ޶Աʮǡ
̫ǿӵ¹ǣڽ¹ǵӶʧķɱԼ޶

˵Ĺ£΢΢üͷ
³ҵģֵǣ΢ѰҴȵ峤
Уôһ¶
ԭ򣬿ֻǰ¹֮һеյײŻ֪
¹ǵķʻţ¹ڲ½Ͳ½Ľ֮ܵĵش
ʻ˳µʱһ˾¹ʮСϡ
ϣȫɢˣ
û뵽ѣȻôۡ
𻶻˵¶¶κȴ۵˷ܡ
ֻɻȴûϷɵľ
һεгκµ֪ͺñȾ
ֻڿƻõӰвܿĻ棬ͳǰ
ɼʲôǷɼϷɵļô
һֽͨߣ;һϷɣֻ뾨ʹֲͬĶ
κһʱҲ޷׼ȷͷɻ;𣬿кܶܶҪѧϰĵط
꣬СһЩǲ
壬ΧĻڳˣߴԽˡ
ȻƬ֮һɱĿҲҪǰ¹ǡ
ʱΪ׵סȫһ㱿صĿףֻ©һ˫۾źȲĽĵˡ
ǰ¹ǡ
ǰʮ¹ǡ
õԼҪĴ𰸣˻ʾǰУʮХȥ
Щʲôˣٲ
ŲӦĳǲ½ʵӦǲ½߻ԭ½֮ˡ
½˴ףҽע⵽Ϊŵƣֵֹͼʶ
ˣľɽ˴ϣ½ҵǴͼڡ
ˣϢҲˣҲҪ֮ǰ¹ǡ
ðɣȵ¹֮ϴ裬üδϴ裬ζŵŻ

1740 ¹

1740  ¹
¹ǣɫ֮ۼһС
񻰹еɾ˿һ۱ʧ˻Դ
ɾĴڣȴһĿֲӰ
ģ¶¶κ˽¹ǣ¹ҹƺûΪ־壬ȷ˵ƺϰ䡣
һջĸŮһʹʹϴ衣
ʱ֮¥´óԷһ߳ſɿڵʳһȺ˵Źڽ¹ǵı仯
ǽٵĵǽ翪ʼҲҲӰ쵽¹ǡ
֪ǲΪʹӴ
˵ôԱ˸ճĳӺ͸ķˣָԱܲҲĨɱˣ
Ҳ˵ˣ˵״ң˵ԱҲǣ֪¹ǱĳУҲѻеߣȺӳ֮ʲʲô¶ûô
֪ɶԱͷ˶ĺܣķֿƬ̣Ҳʼɰ
Ҫ¹ѰҴȣ˵ȴңһ
Ƕ֪
극Ѱң¶¶һ飬Һһ飬סûʱ֮ؿջ
֪ˣĽ㣡
ܲ⼸ˣȻԸ̫ڹֱ𱬣вԱᱩߡ
¶¶ָǿΧ˵Ϊֻߣ˭Ҳ֪ʲô˳֡
ĵıȡ
극뽪һ飬¶¶ͻһ飬˷ֳȥȵ䡣
Ľ㣬֪ڵʲô
κ֪ڵԼ˾ˣû֮һûκ֣ҲûǿΪ
ÿ˶ڵԼ
ȣҡ
㣬ΪΣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣκʼ磬ûκֽĵĵطҪлģܴԼǽ磬ʶһһ硣
֪ǵңΪұȲκˣҲǸ߲ɵͲͣԱң
κȺͽ˵Ż˺Ȼס˶˵ȥ·
ϵı˼㣬Ҳ֪Ҫʲô
СúܣҪҪΣܽ¹ǰ
Ϊ׵Ĵ󺺴֣һ߽κȺͽģеɫֹסŻ
ɾڴ󺺽ӽκȵʱκһӣһֻɫֱ۴СĵУ֮ıһ죬ǴߵĻᶼûУ㱻˹ȥ
ǣ
ʱ˵ָװǴǰİٱ࣬һҵǳ֮Ҳװ˽ȥ
κչʾԼҸ߽ģȻûʲôΪЩͨͨصͨнӡ
ʲô𾳽ǿˣҲԻᱻ⽹ۡ

ȻϾ۽ǿ˾ӵˣСô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣκԼʵж߽ģȻ˾ˣ㹻Լ
ʱʱ䣬ĸ˷ֳֻ¹ǵһǣתǽֵʮ·ˡ
¶¶ô
е㣬Ҳûɶô
ҡҡͷ
˲鵽峤¹Ǳ䣬Ҳ䡣
ⶼȥǧʱ䣬˶δҵȣǰʱǵ԰мȵӰӣ֪֮ǸƷ
ôࡣ
ĺκȲ鵽Ҳûʲô̫ļֵ
Ҳ˵ǰʱ鵽˴ȣһ˹ҵ˳¹У֮£ΪĹ˶װթƭǮƵġ
˵ʱʱ䣬ȫˡ
飡
ڴʱһӰȵڽǰ
УݺݵˤڵϣҰһѪζӿ
˰

ǰΪ·ǸȴģĳǰЩ⡣
˿ִ̣ӿջĶ¥ʮˣʮз׷׾ųɷ˵㳯Žĵ˿ǽ˵˺ͬˡ
ιǺûйϵģ
¶¶װͣɺ˻ǳ˹
һġߣ
鼱֮£¶¶һӣָճֻǰ
һ˳˹Ŀ껹Լһŵףֻ˲䱩ߣս̬ȵĻ棬ɱ̼ճɻҽ
ʮɱ˲䱻ֻʣصĻҽ
·ԭ뿴֣ɵֻ֮ʱһѾӵ
һ⡣
һΪֻϴߵ¶¶ߣԴز¶¶֡
âһֻص˽ָУ˵ϱճɻҽĺ֮⣬һжûһ
¶¶㣬ʮǼҵİߣ
ֻСһֻҲǻһֻ
ÿһֻֻҪһ֣߾ֱĿңҵʳ
죬Ѿǵһˣ
壬ܺôʳ
˺˺ˣҴǼҰ߸Ǹˣԣ
ߣ¶¶Żһߣκȿ۾ֱˡ
羹Ȼа
ڶʮһͣǳڼǰѾãȻۼͷûɣ
֣κȵļϡ
粻аʲôﰡ밡ֻ벻û䲻˵ģԸĻһʯͷħ
Ͼڶʮһ͵Ǹϵ£ﶼ񻰹еĴڵ粻ͬǽ֮Уֻ벻û㿴Ķ
ˣְɣȥˡ
Ľ㣡
еĺһܳڻ˵ֵһᣬһֻź˶¥
ݿջϰ彻ЩǸסջõģҪʲôȣûȳžͱ˫֣Щ˼𣬺Ҳ˴룬ֳһˣ֮ǽ˿һĻ
֪ˣｻǣ
ջķУİĴŹǷκ˿ڡ
һһĽѵһ©˳
ôʵˣ
κȺò׽˵Ŀȫժſʼִ鲼ϵ˿ڡ
һʱʱ䣬κȲŽϵ˿ڰá
˿̫ֻ˼Ӿ˲Щ޷֡
Ƚ㣬Ҳҽô
˾ȣΪ˷֣˱㰴Ȣ˸Ե֡
κȽȽ㣬κȽȽ㣬ֿɰ
ճĻǿԵģʲô¶ǡ
˿ڣκֱ̱ڵϴ¶¶нӹ豭
費̲ζã

1741 թ

1741 թ
ʲô̲裿
һƷǻȥ֮Ҹ̲Ⱥȿ
һᵽԣƷ۾ðŹ⣬ǽģ໳ʮһͿ͵ζˡ
ʱԵĺ˹
˭
ͷѪıһã֮ɫڽĵ˵ǻܾʶ
ǲʲôطǡ
ⲻҪ
վӻóһֽ
ӣһ֧ʡ
ֱԭӱʻ̼رʣ
κȽʮһ͵ıҲһ˹̼رֽдǷ
أǷǵǮΪ˾ȻǿǺķ˲ٵҩݣӡɡ
κȷȷʵʵ˺õҩôһֹѪҩѣĿɲôõĿ˻ᡣ
ҲãܼһͿˣ
ûУ漴һöָ˽ġ
ûв´ĻӦ˾ӵˡ
˿һϵƣ²⵽ĵ˵ݡ
ǣΣ
ǸСĿһõóֵģǰ˵Ǻʲôˡ
ܼ򵥣Ϊǽһͻز½ңϸл񡣡
ȥ
ˣ֮ʾܽ˵Ļ
ԯһˣ
ţµأ
ĺĵͷǲȥ½Ҳⵥ
ԼĻԻõֵߣὫƽͻز½ңǣ¶¶κߣǲðյġ
ǣӻΪ˾ӵ˸첻µ²¡
ûãǮǺö٣ЩǮǸõľͲãңǷˡ
ɣԳƱӣǺҵá
ջϰԣҹ¹ǵĿҲΪ˴ȡ
˵ģ˵ĻһЩῼһǷ»ز½ҵ˵Ƿ񶨵ġ
˳̬ʵϲ·һߣټڡ
գ¹ǡ
ûеõʲôõϢ˴ȥ¹ǵһʹڴȵϢԼŪҵίоΪ⡣
ڲ½Ͳ½֮ܵش¹ǣΪ¹ǵĺŴ󻧣ΪβԶȥɽԺµ˾
ǲĴ½ǲ½иΪɫӶ֯Ȼ˾ҲһһĴڣԶ˶ġ
¹ǣҡ
Եһˣгһӣס˵ȥ·
ˣôҡ
½˾ӣҼ֮ѰҴȡ
ǵţȥһ
ңƬ֮ٳ֮ʱһҲ˳
ҹܼҡ
ҵϹܼң
ǰߣ뵱ǰ˾ӵҹܼҸһˣôһ£
ô¶
ǽĵ˲⣬ҲĿ⡣
˸ϹܼҽңŽӲûûֵ峤±Ʋѡ
λ˵Ŀˣ
ҹܼã˴鷿һŻǵǰ˾ӵߡ
ԣ˼ί¹ѰҴȡ
ԭˣλ֪ҵү֮ǰͺ峤ʧû뵽Ȼڲ½
Ϲܼôһ˵ԭί
꣬Ϊ˱ɱԼ޶峤үһ뿪ңڲ½֮С
峤һϢӣѾڻ¹ˣҲ֮ǰ˺޶үί˾ѰҵȣҪýеȥƽ䡣
˵У峤ҵ˽ķӣҪһڱǴȡ
Ǵȿң
ˣܾǰͲˣҶеȥѰңԾûдȵš
յ˵ģǻãܸоõȾ¹ǣΪǧʱ䶼Ҳȡ
λǲĻڴˣҲλѰҴȡ
Ȼ˱㹧ˣл
סңԷһЩܾЩû˵ʵ
ұԺУ˿ǲ⡣
Ľ㣬ôоЩǻǵİȫڿһ
ĸоû
Ŀһŵȷè塣
ģͲ峤Ѱɡ
κȶŲ豭Ҫȿڲ裬ɲ豭ո̧ʱһ˵ζ
¶ҲҸɫζĶ浱ĸǳé®СѾͷɡ
˼ҵ뿴ҾҪʲô
ҹɫ¹ǡ
ǽ֮µҹռԾûɢģκȣ¶¶Ժ貵ǿա
ɾڴʱһӰԺڣǰ衣
Ӱժ֣ĿǲͷĿһ۽ˡ
ߣűɱɡ
߲ǱˣǾĺӣң˵ģȻûܣ
ˣ鷿˴룬Ҫʧԣ峤ץס˸ɱۡ
߰ʲô
߱һ֮ĸŮ浱ҶȼٵôҪǿ˾ȹķݶϣŲȥ
ô죿
ô죬¡
ԭļƻˣҲֻܸź뿪ҡ
ҵ׷ᣬʾ˸Ͻ밵߹հ˹֮˦
ãƻʧܣһ֪˾Ҫʲôء
˫ֶżε̾һ
¶¶Ҳһۺ֪ʲôг²ࡣ
ɵȱ
һǣκȵʧҹɫ֮С
ԭصĺһ±ƣǺĺˣĸŮΪһŭݣǹҧʶģ۾Ϲ˲Żȡ
ģ¶¶κ˻صԭ齵ĿջС
ѰҴȵ¹ǵѾ֪ˣȻ鷳ϡ
ڷνһʱһҹµĺӴ˽
ÿμ㶼⣬ҪôǱ˴ӴӳҪô磬´ųô
ҪǿǺһȥ͹ˡ
ΪǣӵѾ¶ˣǱ븺Ұȫ͵½򡣡
ǲ½ԵһӣҲǺҵ֮һ
¿ź֡
ǮһӶ١
ʲôôȥ
һ룬һ˲ŭ
Ůôȥ
ǿ˾ӵˣһͻᱣ֤İȫӦ֪׷˶ҵˣв쾳۷ĸ֣

1742 

1742  
ֽʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ѰĻ˵ˣʮҲỤ˻صҡ
Ȼֻһʱ䣬ǽʱͬգǻͺӻص½飬غҡ
¹ԣ峤үίȥҴȣǰУҵȴڰ濴ǡ
ңСӴ͵ʲôǲ֪ȻȺ˾Բưոݣټҵĸֲ쾳۷ĸ֣ǽⵥ񣬲Ҫ֤ǰȫ½򣬸ҪߵļӲܵκ˺
˵ʾΣռϼӼӦõ顣
һӶ١
գڽǿӲ̬ϢӲ˺
ӾͲǰǮõ֮ת㽫͵ң
ǺǣĻҲҪˡ
֪ļ˵ĿǴȣֻҪ룬⼸˱ԹԵͦԼĵǲ
˺룬һĨЦ⸡ڽĵĴǡ
ΪôȾвǣ
ȻأǵĿĲǴȣǡñӸո֪ȵ䣬ƽͻز½ȻǴʲôط
㹻Žĵ˻ΪȶЭ֪˾ӵǡǡһס
Ҳգ˾ϲвȣǮӣȥҸߺӾˣץˡ
֪ˣĽ㣡
Цźһͷ˭ãƫƫĽ㣬ԼôĶ֪
ţ
ڽʾ⻶ǰҸ֪֮ʱһվǰ˻ǰ
˾ӲãҵĵӾҪ񣡡
ãǩ˺ͬ˵֤ڳûֽ飬ûֳ֤ˣƾʲô˵ǻԼ仰ˡ
ĴǵһĨЦŨҿµĴź
쾳ڸ֣Ϊ㲻˵֪İˣǲǾû֪ںУʱٽƵҵͷϡ
ģıɣ
ģȻ˵һ㶼ûд
Ǻǣ
Цţߵǰȫ±ŷ𾳽ǿߵϢ
Һ÷һЩɱ㣬㻹лվ˵ô
һвŻѣɱ֡
Ľ㣬ҵˡ
¶¶ȴŻȺͺȥ¹ҡ
ãĽСһЩ
¶¶һ뿪˿ջ½һӦˡ
˳ڿջʱյĺŲ衣
ϣⲻҵô֪ջʲô
֪ʣеĲ豭طϣЦһ
ôһ˴˿ջɿǺ˵ټ
˰ʱˣѾˡ
һĲվ
ʱ㿴ҿ㣬ֳ飬һȥѰҺˣһ𽫽Ѻͻҡ
Ȼǲ֪ôģ峤Ҫʱʱ̿̿ؽĵ˸ãаʧ
뽪ǻҡ
ΪʲôҴ뿪ΪλҪȥУ
˵һһ룬ǰűԼ߳ĴϲħĴڡ
ʵڽҵʱ򣬽ıѾħ֮Уʱûж룬ֻΪΪ¹ҵ䣬ּƺԼеô򵥡
ҲãȻˣȱɣ
ǻҪȥ뽪һңͲҪְֱˡ
ҵûĺͽĺȲ裬Ҫҵˣʱ
Ҫǰץסĵʱһֻһǿײɣ˺ݺݵײڱǽϣֵǽġ
أǻش⣬һǻڣǲĻĽձǵļա
һӣĸȥһ棬˫ֽӡγһ磬ͿջΪȫ硣
Ȼɱ޹ֻ֪һЩѣô򵥡
㾿ʲôˣΪҪΪС
ԲӣΪУҵ¶̫ţֻҪŪһЩľǾ仰ֻҪǻش⣬ҾԲ˺һ֣һ˵򡣡
޳ָûŶһɫ˶Щ죬ϷȴǲСһĲ˶֮Ĳ𣬳Խ֮Ĳࡣ
һ峤ҵôһ¶
ڶΪνѺ
ʲôط
ģħʲôϵ
壬Ǻ˵ʲô
ʳ⣬㿴ҿ㣬Ϊ׵ǰһ
ȷֻҪش⣬ͻǣҸߺ˵ȥ
ȷ˾ӵģ˾һǮ
ʼ磬ʾ֪ȫ֪
ԥƬ֪֮Լ֪֪뽪ģǱ뿪ˡ
ȻҸƣǰ𾳽ǿߣǲǽĵĶ֡
ã˵
һ𰸣峤귢ҵıŴ뿪ңǲ֪ʲôԴڣûб¹ǣʧ峤үҲ뿪¹ǡ
ڶ˾ǽ峤үίУֻҪץסĸˣͿ˳ҵ峤үί֮Ե֪ȵ䡣
Ⱦ¹УǾʲôط峤֪λãҲľĲ¹ѰҴȡ
ĸ⣬峤ڶǰħħˣҲ峤Ϊү뿪ҵԭ
⣬Ǻ˵ߵ¹ǵͼͼϣע¹ǴССͬҪضΣҲŴ֮ء
ԭˡ
ĵ˵ͷһӣڿջΧĽ糷׼뿪ʱסˡ
ղŴӦǵ¶
Ŷˣ
ӦҪ˵ȥ
Ǹ˸ղžǰҷںδôҲ
һĨթЦ⸡ڴǣö֮ʧһǰ׷ȥǲˡ
ȥ֪峤˵ĺͺ˺ı¹ͼ
Ϊ׵˰˫˫ȭ۵һĨ֮ɫ

1743 ùĺ

1743 ùĺ
뿪˿ջĽֱ¹
¶¶κȺͻԼһϮµĺѾǰŽĳ֣һ
Ľ㣬ǻˣ
ţˣСӻ㰲֣ûʲôǲɡ
ĵĻ⵽˺İۣǼʳô
һȥͺСѾͷƬƵģŲϲ͵ŮӺô

Ľźеɫúֱü
ɶҪͱӻز½ô
Ȳż򣬿Һ¹ǵͼǿ԰һѰҴȡ
һĨЦ⣬ʮֵļթ˻סе¹ͼ
ô֪¹ǵͼ
ҲûͽƣȻֻǽӴ˶̶̼ʱʱ䣬Խĵ˽⣬Ů˵Ļ¶һԭ
ôأջǻᱻ¹ǵͼԼϣɴ˵Ϊá
ʹˣҶʧ¹ǵͼһ֪˳¹ͼеҵȣѲɣӵĿҲǴȡ
ѽǲͺǵĿغôҪл⣬û¹ͼĻ治֪ҵ¡
κȽŽĵĻ˵ȥһԵ¶¶ȴ΢΢üͷ
Ľ㣬Ƚ㣬Ȼ¹ǵͼǵĿĶѰҴȣһӲϣʲôСǲΣˡ
¶¶ĵĲûеģһԵĻȴһҲںֱӾߵߣһȴвЦ⡣
Ǽ򵥣ֱӰѺʬҸ˲ͺˣ֪ʱͼҵһǮȻˡ
׻˵úãŮһ̨ϷĸŮ硣
ⶨ˺Ľ֣Էˣթ֮ʬְ취
ĸŮһһνʬſˮӻó¹ǵͼ˽ġ
˵ͣʱһ¹ǵͼлڶ࣬һ˵Ļһ罫ͼʱ˶󣬻ᷢ¹ͼı֮ڡ
ĵô
ĵģҪ棬һ˫Ӯ
еͼĸŮһЦ
ҹ¹ǡ
ģκȣ¶¶ͻԼŮװĺڴϣγһķ羰ߡ
Ȼжһúܣھκּӹ֮£һŮķȵĲ˷׷ͶȵĿ⡣
ΪʲҪװӣ
һϮɫĳȹʮֱŤСûܹ衣
һ¹ѰҴҲֻ֤ѾˣҪػŵԼȥ
ɸ¹Ǿܵ˴ۣǱ󣬱ȻŮװ
Ȼأ㻹װ̵ĻĿ̫ˣװŮӵģ׻ߣŮװð¶
İһۺʱֹĥĥġ
ˣױǮ·ǮʱҲһһ£ЩǶǰĻ
ģû˵ٵҪ
治֪ʲôݽģҲͬһϵˣôƽô
û˿е¹ͼһصصڴ
ǰصصһũңҲͼϱעҪλõĵط
¹нɽϣɽ֮иָĶѨ˵Ѩűأֻôȥˣ¹ǵͽѨıõĸɸɾ
ǰ⻧ũұ֮һѨڴȻǱ˷ҹ
ǰκȣ¶¶ͻ˽󣬺
һ£
ʾ⽪һЩǰĽĻعͷ޲ðѺˡ
Сǲǡ
Ѩͨ˴һֱŵ죬Ѩ֮лзֲ·ڣзʧ˵ĻƾͻʧڶѨԹ֮С
ҹ飬ʾ¶¶˸ԼνͶҲһ鷳
Ľ㣬Ҫǰô
κȶԺڰЩ־壬ôխĿռУǷʲô飬˭Ӳȥ
һ£һʡ
ĶĿ⿴¶¶
УǰĲ·Ҫһ
İѡȨ¶¶Ҫ֪ΪѰߵ¶¶˵ƣ¶¶ָķû
ǰ·ÿһ·ڹ¡˿ǰʲô
¶¶·ǮⲽƾŸоѡԵĵ·
ιΪʲôҪѡ·
üͷҪһ¶¶ѡ·ԭʲô
¶¶ĻشҲǺܼǣΪо·к¶
أ
֪¶¶Ѱߵݣɿĸ˽ʧеӰС鲽æϼˡ
·ڰʪһɴ̱ǵζ
·죬˰ʱûߵͷ
ں׼Թʱһâǰ
й⣬йڣ
ʱĺڰ󣬿ĺ˷ѨĿҲɼ˲ߡ
ֻһŹâĵط˹ȥǹâԽŨţںǰܵʱ򣬽һץס
ǲɵӽˮ˻װǶ
ʱ˿̵ĺŵı亹㷭ӿţҪǽǧһ֮ץסԼ׹ڰ׶ߵˮѨ֮Уһص
࣬л
лƨǵüǮ
Ľ㣬̨ף
¶¶˻֣ˮѨе̨ף̨˹ֱȵס
ǰ˸ǰ飬ҲС
һȻʯĶѨһСɽô󣬹âҲǴӾʯɢġ
Ľ㣬Щʯ벻롭βʯ
¶¶ɽȵİɫʯԼԼУһɲָ֪ܵ
ȷʵǷβʯ
û뵽Ӵķβʯ
βʯʲôܹеʯǳ֮ȫûпɱ֮βʯļֵˡ
ϳ۵ķβʯָ״Сļ۸񣬸˵һɽķβʯˡ
ᣬ׷״˽ָʼβʯУԷβʯûôȤȤǷβʯʯ֮ŵһĹ
ǹĹϵʲô˼
ǲ½ҵСŸߵȽʮֵĽϹֻʲôֻҪһ۾֪ʲô˼
ֵǣĹϵδֻܴٵַжϳĹʮ֮һݡ
ĲûнβʯȫװָУβʯԭʯ
ߵߣ˿βʯʯе֣Ľκȡ

1744 ջ

1744  ջ
ȣ֣Ϥô
ԼԼǵڶʮһ͵ʱ֣ڶҵǽϿ鷨Ҳ̫ˡ
ǹϵШ֡
κЩ죬ǽôШ֡
֪ʲô˼ô
ֻܶһ룬ֲ²¿
κȿĹϵݣܿһЩѧУʱϾʱ俴һЩʷ鼮бйШֵһЩء
ʲô˼
ŵ˼ǣһʥɽɽбأҲжħػűأ˭˱ؾͻᱻħ׷ɱ
벿ֵĹʵģ壬ШкöκȶʶǲҲ²
Ǿ˵ɽбأβʯô
ӦԶԶֹڴˣĺĹ˵һЩβʯǱصĻһжħĴڣǲûпħڣҲ˵˻δҵıء
û뵽¹һоȻջ
ħǲô
ĸŮϷǵûп־ı飬ڴðյ˷ܣüͷоǲ˼֮ɫ
Ů˶ǽεϧĺܣǰĸŮˡֻ˵Ůкˡ
ʲôô
ڶ󷢳⣬ǰʲôħҪſ£
ˣĸͶ޳ƱȥѰҶѨ֮еıأ෴Ҳûʸˡ
һǶ˵ǺͶ˷ƱҲ޼¡
ԣҲֻε̾һѾ֪ٴθţΨŮСҲҲǧҪŮˣҪȻ³ܡ
βʯɽһڣҲ֪ͨδʾСĸҹǰ棬ɵ
˵λ㣬ػصĶħǺΣյģҪΣ
ɲԼС棬ҪؼҼ̳кλãҸ
˭Ҳû˹ϵǰУҲ֪˶ãһʱҵʱ䣬˾ͷһʯųǰ
ʯųֳĺɫʮֲʲôһֱעżһ
ҡܲܲȥ
˽ϵ·ܸоʲô¶һ൱õ顣
ȣ¶¶ǼԶ㣬֣
ҪѣӸô
ҡҡͷǾԲǰġ
ǲ
գڽĵв֮£䲻ԸİŽĴʯš
κ˵ǲ㹻ǰʾԼҪæ
סһῪʯŵһ˲䣬ҪԶԶأ֪ô
İĽ㣬һСĵģ
֪Ľ㵣ԼѾˣǴǰǸչ˵СѾͷˡ
˺֮£ɫʯŻһ˲䣬ѪɫҺкµĺˮһХ
һĻ໵һ˳һץס¶¶ȶˣ˶ʯ̨ϣͺҲѪɫˮӿʱ˸̨
ɶզôأ
ѪɫˮϵţһӵʱʧһسĿĵĺɫ
ĴӸ̨վѪɫˮĵطķЩѪˮĶʵһֲ֭ҺɽԺеһ鼮Ҳֲ
ûĻЩɫ֭ҺǺβˮ֣βֲﲻͬȻ֮Уûһʱ򶼻Ὣеˮɳ
ǡǡЩɫ֭ҺʮҩˮǿߵĽǡ
βҲʲôϡֲ嶼ֲźβΪľǷԼҵĵС
ɣһЩβѣ
СĴӸָָ̨ɫʯ֮һƬβ˽ĵôʡ
һƬĺβһ㣿
ʯ֮ǵϻǽǶѨĶ˶˺βÿһβĸͷһ˶ߡ
βٶȺⶴѨеĺβûиҲмǧ֮ˡ
˲ʯУ˺ɫβС
ʱһֻɫĺȻĳǰҪȥʱȴļʱһΣյľٶ
Що綾ֻҪմȾϱж
ɫĺȻÿԾ޴ڵĻ˵򲻿ȥ
Ŷ
κǵһθĳδ֣Ҳûмɫ͸ĺ˸ղŵľٶ
ǽ붴Ѩˣ
ˣĸʱ
ѾǰˣҲ֪ǻҪòҵĹϼŵıء

ʾϸܷ΢
סܵȻһԶ
СβԣӴɫ綾ĺһѨ
ѨʮӴһСɽһѨĻУһֻɫȻ˯š
ʲôޣ
ÿɰ
ɫë׵ָһܰںڵıӺٺٵȦͶʮһ͵Ĵè񣬵ĸͷҪȴèʮڡ
ǲİ˵Ϣ˯еȻ޻۾ǳɫ˫ӿɱ⣬˷·˱֮С

1745 

1745 
˫ۣɫ͸Ũҵɱ⣬ĵˡ
ĵĿҲĶžޣŹκ˿ϸ΢仯ǰȻʲôͻȻľٶҪȵˡ
ʲôˡ
ҲҲʵĴǰľޣ˵Ͱɣë׵Ŀȥǿɰ˵ɰɣ˫ɫеɱȴ˱ɭɭ䡣
˵еݼޣ
Ƕݼ޵լٹ͢ͺŵ̵ޱǰݼޣǡܾǰݼ޺ӡеЩĲͬ
ʱݼ޻ڣһɫϢӿл
ˣΪλ
ݼް˫ĶŽĵˡ
ұء
ֱ˵ԼĿģһԵĺˡ
Ůǲ⣬ھǰ˵ұ֣ɣޱĹϿرصĶħô
˵仰֮ݼצӣˣͷצϵİɫò
ֱߣȻתڶ͵ĹѨбһĹѨ͵ĸĹѨѺŶħҪøϽߣ˯
£ݼֻһƱ۾ʱȳƵĺԽҲ֮
˵ɶ˼
ĿŽģҪ֪ǰһĻôһ¶
ʲôڶ͵ĹѨбһĹѨ͵ĸĹѨѺŶħ
Ľ㣬ƭǰɣ
ȥ֪ˣǼţ
ҪѣԼȥˣ
ҡͷŲͽһȥء
պǱԾǿӲ̬ץס˵ڶĹѨǰ
ĵʯڶǰʯŸԲͬǾͺݼ˵һһĹѨ͵ĸĹѨһǿҵɱħϵŷţڶĹѨ͵ĹѨʲô˵ϢºһЩ
ţ
Ҷȥұ˰ɣ
վԭزԼһ˴ԡίнĽͻز½һ
ѡҪôһţıһһЩҪô
ΪһŮˣһЩû¶вˣ˵ˣҿǺҵĹӣҰµ̬ȾͲܺһЩô
ˣĸĵڶѡǲ˵ˣǵ˰˱Ѫùˣô˽ģ
ڽĺͺĺ֮£˴˵ڶĹѨĴš
ݼ˵һڶĹѨ֮һɽ鱦ֵܽıֵܽı֮಻ʤ
ҲԭأԼǰһУð֮Żع
ӦҵģָһЩ
İ˺һۣȷܰȫ֮ʾȵǰǿʼװء
һʱʱ䣬ɽıزżװ꣬ĺͺк˵ĹѨĴš
ڶĹѨеĽƱͬĹѨ֮Уֻһöɫӡ
δ뵽ĹѨվʯǰĽüͷɢϢʮֲϢ
Ľ㡭ܾӲ
¶¶ץסĵ䣬ҡҡͷ
֪Ϊʲô¶¶ڿǺɫӵĵһۣ͸о˿־޾ɱ¾֮⡣
ãã
˺һʾ֣ʯ·ӡϡ
ɴʱɫӾȻϵĶһɫϢںɫϢУһ˶߲ϵĻصš
ߣһ޾ΪǽǿĴڣ
뿪ֻҪ򿪺ӣͻõǿʱǽ磬綼£
ħһ㲻ϵػصÿһ˵ĶߣüͷűڰϮκȵˣԼָѪӡڼ˵Ķͷϡ
ѪҺӡڶͷϣѹ
Ľ㡭ңôˣ
κҿֱĵʱһȫͺʲôһҲڱ˲ϵš
Щħû¶ˡ
¶¶κȺͻ˷űɫɢħգڹؼʱ̼ʱѡ
ȴվԭһĿǺɫӡ
ʲôأѵҪ̳ħ
еħ͸Ƕħʱ򣬽Ĳ²źɫӱȻħ벻˸ϵ
ǣڿһ
ղȻħȾǣڽѪҺİѾָǿУҴʱ˿̵ĺĿⶢԶںɫӵĺһ˶Ѩǽϡ
ǻϻһŮӵͼŮӱûǺò
ܾʲôطأ
üͷȻеŮǱˣŮվںӱߣӲԶһɽ壬ɽ״쳣Ϥ
ɺһʱ벻ʲôطеľ
Ϊ˷ֹٴαħȾĹ˵ĹѨĴš
ڼ׼뿪ʱ򣬴ӵһĹѨдһҪô޹жô޹ż˷
λˣҳȥɣ
۵ĺһͯһ
¶¶ǰȴļʱסˡ
ɣһɻޡ
ɻ޿ģ¸ָԴﵽԼĿġ
ſһ۵һ͵ĸĹѨķӡɽԺķӡ
Ȼ֪ɽԺķӡΪλ¹ǵĵ¶Ѩ֮УбȻһԭ򣬵ȻصɽԺʱүҲż
߰ɣ
ã
ԭ·أ;ݼ޵ĵ֮ʱͣ
ݼ޴ʱں˯ںǰ뿪ˡ
Ľ㣬ڿʲô
ûʲô߰ɡ
Ĵӽָóһصʳݼǰ漴һʱ·뿪˵¶Ѩ
ڽĵʧʱ򣬱۾˯ݼ˫ۣǰڷŵʳƲƲ졣
ģ
ݼ⻰ƺ뽪ʶһ㡣
Ĳ֪֮ںܾúܾǰȷʵʶֻʱݼ޻ǽдɱķħޣǿ֮ɫĴڡ
ҲǸʱ򣬹ˣݺݵݼޣ׷ݼ޼׷ǽ硣
ݼ֤ԼľԲ֮űɽΪãΪһԺޡ
գŹ뿪ݼҲָɡ
óԺúȱź˵ݼҲȥصɱ֮С
ôΪѨеػޣǾ˵ˡ
һߣһ˰ԭ·ص˵ϡ
ʱ¹Ѿǰ죬Ȼڵ¶Ѩз˲ٱ뿪ѨʱҵҲͺڶѨڴˡ
ѽ
쿴ǰڶˣǴǰĻȻżܡ
ڲͬˣнǿߴڣֻҪһԿϷͿˡ
㰥ѽʲô
˺һۣĶ˶ϵ

1746 ¶˵

1746  ¶˵
ппһ£
ЦţɾڴʱһǿǵصϮֻ峤лӶһѴӣʵӡ
ȵȣǡȣ
˵Ҷʧ˴õʱô񣬴ô峤С
ԭˣ
峤еĴȣĴһЩ顣
ȸʧһжԵݵһϷѣԭΪв֪һ峤йϵ
峤׼ѣʾץסĺ˵ʱһ֮ǻгѹߵӰǰ
ĵ˼ǵã֮һ߱ǰ˾ίдϹܼҡ
ԣΪεڻִԲ򣡡
峤˫ֱϧҲա
峤ЦţתŴȣ³һڻ֮ĺɫϢħ
ִԲ򣬰ѣһӵ˲ִԲ̲ôǽٽħϲΪ֪ѡ񣬿ƫƫҪѴˣ̲
дҲɢųħһĻǰ峤˻׵üͷ
Ѿ׵Ķħˡ
˾ӵĸλСѣǵѾˣȥʣµϷȻᴦ
峤һ۽ģһӣһöָڽǰָʣµӶ
Ȼ峤˵⻰ҲȻֵĳϾһҪ鲻ֵܲġ
ߣҲҪûⱾ£
ԲŹĺͺҪЩ˴ӶѨߵĶȫҲҪ¹ǡ
Գ׼ɱ˽˵ʱ峤һߣһƼȵĻڴ֮ϡ
ֻһ죬ȾȻӲѿճΪһҡ
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Ǻǣƾ㣿
ƾϷ򣬵ϷһʱͿǼ£ڴңǧʱȥˣϷҲҪִˡ
Һ͹ҵ鲢ֻΪ˱ô򵥣иС
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뵽ԾȻ˵ȫȡ뵽˴֮С
һ˲䣬âսһ峤Ժ峤ѷֲ¡
Ĳû뿪ż˶ڰȫĵطϷӶ֮ĶԻٵ˽һЩ顣
Ľ㣬ҪҪȥæ
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ҡҡͷҪæҲ޷֣ӵħټϱа˲òط
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һֻ峤һƻУ˺ݺݵ˦ڵϡ
ڲǽ֮ˣһˣΪУ
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˵һʱ˿̵峤ֻһ֧ţҲ˵عⷵգҪԴҵʱ򣬼ǲѾ֮޷ˡ
СѾͷ߰ɣٲߣ߲ˣ
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΢΢üץס¶¶Լٶ뿪¹ǡ
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ʾڼӿٶȣҪȫγ֮ǰ뿪Ҷɣ峤˵һʱ뿪Ҳ޷뿪¹ˡ
ڣ¹ǱĪǰһ룬˳ɹվ¹ǳ⡣
⡭ʲô
һֽӦ峤Ϊ¹֮С
൱ǿҪ߶󷨣һҪǿʵԼΪҲ۳ɹ궼ɢԶ޷תֻء
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ǰ¹֮£Ҳûʤյ¹ǡ
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ҲüǮ
һۺĻǣ׼ǰ½ͺȥ
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ӾͲˣ
ŭˣ˹ˣôδɣ
վںĻż˱ȻһȦƣʾ

ĺһ˲䵱۾ĬŽĴ
ǲģɣ

ܾýǹģѵܿԼƣ
ȥʵЩȱ۵ĺ֪ԼѾΪ˿д׵Сǰ½⼸棬ѾǷ˽ľ޶ծ
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ֻǲ½ԵһС򣬲Ͼۼ˲½κεķ紵ݶĸᾯ
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һöָ˽ģָ֮вʣµӶ𣬻мǷĶծԼֱ׷ӵļ롣
ˣȻҲ͸ˣ
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ιһ£¶˵
ܵ˽ߣһ˫ӿǰŮӣ漴һ¡

1747 軵軵

1747 軵軵
Ǹʲôˣ
ʲô
ĲĿźԼɶ
뵱Ҷӣ
ŮˣһҲʶȤӼ˳ûƢһЩ֮⣬ǺܷϱӵԵ
˵˵ţ
ʱദУֽľȻЩɰȻƢҪɲ֪ΪΣȻԽġ˺øС
ŮƺûзԼĸ飬Ǹľ
Ŷ֮أ
Ŷʲô̬ȣϲ㣬ҸӣΪˡ
仰ҪǶԱŮ˵һгǧŮ˵ͷӦԵǽģһŮˡ
δˣ˵Ҳϲ㰡
һƽĸߺһѾδˣϲ
δʲô֣ҪֻҪʤˣҪΪҵˣ
꣡
仰ʱ¶¶Ц
Ǹǹ⳰Ц㰡ֻʵ̲ס
¶¶ٱֳı飬ֻ˵Ļʵ̿
¶¶ЦʲôѵΪӲδĶô
ô˵ɣ
¶¶һߵߣһε鿴ź
ʱȱ֮⣬ĻģǮÿΣǲ½еӵܣҲҳһˡ
ǰʹڳҪĽΪˣһҪڤҹ
˵ˣһٸҼδػĶ֣
߰ɣʲô߼Ǯ񣬾ί˾ӣؼ
Ļ˻֣¶¶Ⱥͻʧ˺֮С
ĸ˸ճ򣬾ͱԯһסȥ·
ģߣҲʲôط
ԯһз׷׳λεĴ󵶣ɷȻһ컯֮Ҫ޹Ůǿ
¶¶һӣָâֻԯǰЩٴηųݻ㱻ĻճΪҽ
սסǵȥ·
߰ɣһЩ͸ϲϾˣ
ϣһص˾ӣ˯һ
˵һγɸ˴˲СջҲ¶¶κȺͻɳΨ˾Ӽ˲ܰ˯
֪Σ˰ɣ´λҪ
һҪ
ԣ´λһģ
ͬ⣡
¶¶κȺͻʾ֮ԱԹΪ·ʲôΣգ֮һεü˸ڴ´㵽
˷ܵı飬ε̾һ
ȥ˵ɣһûʲôΣյ鷢֮˾һԹҵģ
Ǹң
뿪½ľֱǰ½ĸۿڡ
Ҫص½˾ӣҪһƬǱȽϽһ·
ʮ֮ĸص˲½īǡ
īǲ½һȽϴĳУĶǡ
֮ѡīǽΨһԭ򣬱Ϊīǵʳ½ǣԣλ˾֮ǰȳԸ˵
˵ôԱҾٰǹģˣ
Աʲôˣ
㲻֪ô˵ԱǰʱںеõһǱܷŮ˵ǲ֮ǰŮˣԱѹΪٰء
ʲôȻԱķѾʾٰӴ񣿡
Ҳ˵ôСӣкɫͺɫĶֻҪһȥͻᷢŮ˵ʲô㣬Ӽ˳֮ģ˵Զŵıء
ôô
ţ棡
ڿջгԷĽĵΧʳ˵ŹԱҰʱ˿ű˴ˡ
ΪʲôܸоĶأ
κ΢΢üͷЩ˵ǶɾǼˡ
֮ǰ˾ȷʵ˵˼ǼĻΪλسżң
ҪҪȥ
ߣȥ
ںģĸ˳Ⱥָżҡ
żҵٰǽһ¡أԶԶرԱĿһ
ҵıôôҶȥˣôð
ԱſڴСײǰż⿴һǹײеСӣǼôһ˾Ӷļ
κҲˣеʸǲ⡣
ô¶˾ӶʧļôԶ֮żң
ҵı
Ա޺ǰ˲̣ȴֻЦ
һѣ浱ʲôˡ
ȵȡ
һĨթЦ⸡ڴǡ
Ա⡣
κһߵǰĿʹԱϡ
Ǻˡ
Ա޵۾ˣˡ
֮ˣռ֮ɫк·
¶
Աһһվһ˫ŭĿκȣͲƿڴˣ
ǹ¶ĻϷӳȥ
Ա԰꣬˽δ˵أϹɥףȴΪκɥźһһҪȻԶűԱԵ
κȻ£ԱҲɴ۾һʼŭã
λλ˼˵ҵıû
ޣԶܻ׾ٵҲԵ˲Զˣľһȣ
κһᵽδ˵أҲԶȵȵۣԱҲɵӣŵһκȾıṩϾ޶ĲΪл
Ա⣬վһߣԶҪĴľĪϢ
ߣλ֮⣬ǶϷȥ
Ա޹ؽҪˣκȿһ۽¶¶ͻʾĸվڸԵĽϿʼ
ΪҲǺŪһԱ⣬˫ֽ粼һ۷¶¶ͻκڵסԱߣκǳһµء
ΪԶ֮ΪԭصľֻҪһµؾͿˡ
ϾεԶܼ򵥵ݲݽһͨϹ֮ĸչ
ˣԶѾָˣԱ⿴һɣ
㣬ӣ
ԱһһİżϵļһϤһ𣬼ԱˮͲκȹ¿ͷл
ʹʹãԵԱⲻд˴񣡡
ˣȢһǧΪл񣡡
Ǯˣھһǧ
Աлκȵ˵Ĳƴ֮£Ǯ뿪Ա⸮ۡ
ЦˣҵĶӰ
Ƚ㣬ģû軵軵ģ
¶¶ͻЦᶼˣҲˡ
˵Ծɲ֪˾ӵļôһؾ׬һǧջ

1748 ôˣ

1748  ôˣ
ҵһ롣
ͣһ֮˶ǰ׼ص˾ӡ
ҹɫ½ϣڳϿе鼮鼮ϼŹݼ޵һЩ顣
ҲŵΪݼûйǡ
ԭܾǰͰݼ޴÷ģǹļ̳ߣݼҲǲһ㣬Բûľٶ

һصھϣĳŽܵκȵķУͬʱ¶¶ͻҲ˹Ҳûʱ䴩Ьӡ
¶¶ôˣ
ˣҷˣ
κָźڰеķ򣬽תͷǺӰԼٶʧ
չȣ
ţ
׷źӰ뿪˾Ըٶ˺Ӱȥ·
¹֮£һɫ˶˫ŵĽڰУ˫һĨɱ⸡֡
ʲô
ӰɫϴֳΣһͯģСһڽǰ
ཱུСһǿɰϴźɫĶǶϽϹ壬СһĶ嶣졣
Ȼҵסͯӵȥ·
СһԴһëڶţڵĴ۾¿ŽģСǽһţ
Сܲͷ㵽Ǹʲô
ûСܲͷϲħ֮оһɲͬѰ
Ůˣ˭СܲͷأͯӿԶʥɲӡ
ʮС飬ɲͷĿŽġ
ɲӣ
´ΪɲӣɽԺеһ鼮ϿɲӵһЩϢ
ɲһֺҩݣһ£ؾɲӿõֻҪһɲӵ⣬ഺꡣ
Ǹܲ
ޣͯɲӣŲܲأøͯÿ·ҪȻͯҪÿ
ɲвŽĸϽÿһ·Ҫ뿪
ǿɲУŵȣ
ߣһѣŵΡ
ɲʮֲɲһߡ
Σ˵ɲӰѹƾţһλҩݣҲֻð˰ȷѹѹ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڰеĽЦô𣬿Цɲȴǹ쵽˼㡣
㣬ҪʲôͯӿԶʥ㲻԰ѱͯӰǲ˵ģ
ɲԭûķУһŷԼûлֵء
Ůˣſͯӣбһһĵ

Цţ۵ײ֮Ũҡ
ƾܲһǧж򲻹ң
ô֪һͯҪˣ㴦ãҪӮˣͷűͯ뿪
ץסëɲʮֲҪͽĵһӮͿ뿪ˡ
ãҾ͸ûᣡ
ķſɲӣ˫ֶżȴɲӵĽ
˭֪õɵɲӽŵĨ׼
ɵӣͯӲŲ㽻֣
ɲӳŽһڿˮֻҪõ֮УŮ˾ıҲץס
һɲӳû׼еʱȴݺݵײʯͷϣ˲һ
ܰôˣ
еĽĻ£ڵ໴޵ɲӣ
û۸㣬ʲô
СܲͷһɲӣĻǲɵøֳһĨЦ⡣
۸ˣ۸ˣͯӿɲӣһֱܲͷ㻹ң
ɲӿ޵ǽһί֪ģΪĽСˡ
ˣּҪսңûпһʯͷײȥɺ޹أ
ָ֣ɲӵա
ڵΪȻ񾳣վǺͯ壬ǶӴȥĻ綼ɱ˿еζɺã
һķŵ̬ȣСһɫ
ɲӿ˿ģˮֹס˿
Ҳ֪Լ⣬ĸŮ˰ԼˣԴҹߣû뵽Ǳˡ
ʲôɺã
أߣȣͬʱΪÿ¶һϹźľ޵ڵףΣ
֪ԭԶʥɲӻǺͯģ̤𾳽絫һСӣޡ
ܼ򵥣ҲǡǡɲӶĵġ
˻棿
ȻԽַġ
ɲӿ˿ģ֮һ顣
ãȻ˱ͯӾȥʲôȣҲҪǵôӦҵ飬ÿ¶Ҫһźľ޵ڵ
ɽ
ɲӸĻص˿ջУ֪ڰеĺӰͼߵɲ֮ʱӿǺһٵСܲͷ
ÿɰСһ
ߣͯӲǿɰӢ
ͯӴӦ˽ػκȣȻԣҲһöϹźľ޵ڵΪ𽻸ɲӡ
Сһô¹ǵ¶Ѩģ
˵Ǻ飬յ˵ɲӵľѾ𾳣һĸָ֣һǽĳֵĻɲһ֮زز
ôȻǸˣթҪǱͯ˼ƣôᱻĹѨЩõӡ
һ뵽һɲӾһԹⶼôõʱˣҲ֪Ǹ˻ûţ
ҵˣһҪƤߣ
գ˵ĶֶһСܲͷɲӴźɫĶôĿɰˣȸǱɲӰ֡
˳۷˾ӣ˼ĵĿó֮ڻص˾ӡ
ԶԶأ˾ӵĴųţȴ˳ӭӡ
룬˾¡أ
ߵʱ˾ӽˣôʱһ˶ûС
ʱһӰسĸ˹֣ǧ˽ǰ㲵ģһȦ
磬ôܵˣ
æǰʱº˾Ҳˡ
˾¶¶ʱ򣬼ǰס¶¶
ϱڻˣҪٲĻͼˣ
ʲô¶ˣҲˣ
룬˾ºһȦǸ
¶¶ȣһڷ԰ɣˣ
۰Ͱ͵Ŀ¶¶κȣ˸һȺ
ܲ˼˿ı飬κȺ¶¶˽˳һӲһͰ
˷ȳһŷˣһ׷ҪϸʲŸġ
ڣϵӱøɸɾ֮˲žǿˡ
죬һı鿴ĸˣʱǶʲô¶ǿôôŪĺ;˴󼢻Ƶġ

³̾һŲ豭ǳһзСҲ׷Ż뽪ĵ˵뿪˾֮顣

1749 

1749 
ĸ뿪˾ӵʱ򣬸һЩǮȻ࣬ÿĸ˴
ʼļ죬ҲôģԼ˾ÿϱ߶߶ĻǺܷԵ
ǣֱһүӿս˾ӣռǵĻʳѲ˵׳԰׺ȲٹǷ˾޶ծеծ˶˾ҪǷ
֮£ĸֻʡԼô׬Ǯүӻծ
үӳԱˣĸ˿ɾûӹˣÿ첻Ҫȥɻȵҹ˯ţҳԲôůȱѹ˻Ҫҡ
ү˾ӲԲȣȷ
үӱǿǮˣѧԱķþ׬ĽټƽֿţĸԼͷ֤үĴʮָͷ
ţǻ֪ɽԺ˵ණбүӽı
˭ҵȻүƤӵ͵
Ǻ棬û뵽ǵȻȱ¡
ץô
ץץˣ󲿷ֵǮƶõӻˡ
ҲүΪʲôٶٷ˾ӲԲȵԭүԼĻ˵ڵĶ죬϶û¶١
үӵĻҲţ
ĿŶƭĸˣһ˵үӵСĶ˶ǲǮ
ռ˶ѣ˵ˣʲô͵ɽԺ
Ǻˣ
һʲôˣһҲ˾͵˼һˣǸֽ͵һԱˡ
˵鵽飬ѾٸˣʧǮҲˣѾ˸ӻһա
ףӣɶʱˣ
ע⵽κȴӽʱͱһСкСкúǿɰɫĶװ׵Ƥȥ껭һ
ɶ֮ôôôˡ
ҵĺӣɲӡ
ħ𾳣Сӣʲ
ɲóĿ΢΢üͷһСƨʮϳǵĿ˵ţᶼôıŤˡ
ɲӣǲмŵɲӣ
µɴ˫ۣĶκȻбŵɲӣʿˮ
㣬ҪɶͯӸ㣬ҵע⣡
ɲӲһκȵϤˣ̰࣬ԡ̰塣
Ҳ飬ɲҩüֵڶҩֵ൱֮ġ
֣ŵСܲͷɲȵʥޡ
Ŷ˵ԼӵʥҾͲˣ
ô˵»ſˮɲӿǸöĺö
ϣأϷҲʱ򰡣
˵ŻүĽŲǰ
ɶʱģҲɽԺϷǲ˻Ϸʦ
үӰ˽һۣ˿ϱĸɸɾӣǰûԼΪʲôûһᡣ
үӣɽԺˣ
ˣȻҶϷ֣ǲˣ
˵ʱĿֱĶκɲӡ
СѾͷǴŪĺöɲӣϷкüûɲˣһôɲӣ
ƥҪɶҪֶİĿ⿴űͯӣ
ƥүһ˫۾˲һ³κ󣬾ɲӵĴë
ҪϷȻݾˣ
ͯӵĴëүӺٺٵЦţһԵκε̾һ
үӣˣҪʲôȥ
ѽǶСѾͷϷģҲʲôѶ̫Ĳˣ߰˸˾Уһƹ
ǲҪĵŲˣʵӽ˾ӵʱע⵽ɲӵĴڣôɲǽ֮٣
ɲһʮָ߰ĴڣҺǲϲ˽ӴòҲ֪ɲӱȻǶѾͷʥޡ
ڲҲܰѶѾͷʥ޸ˡ
ʦôˣ
˾ӣ룬˾ºĸѾ²ˡ
̯˦ǣֲԲȣүʦĻͱıˡ
⼸С˵ʲô飬ϷǵʦһʦͽӦõģͽТʦҲӦõģΪϷԸ˾ӰҪ˳û˾ӳʲô¶ˣϷˣ
˵ô˵ԹԵԵȴſ
ͽܵĵȻ֪ԼʦʲôеˣܰѲҪӵɵľ磬ҺͽһҲֻүˡ
үӣɽԺ׶ʲôЩ˵Ŀʲô
ʵĹؼ֮
˵½ˣǽ綼֪ɽԺʲôĴڣһ仰˵ͣС͵ðնͷΣȥ͵Ҳ͵ɽԺ
һ仰˵ɽԺضʲôЩҪõġ
ϷԵ㶫ڻشǵ⣬ɣϷҲҪ¹ǵ¶
ʱκȺ¶¶˲ˣһƣ̵ĳ
˵ģѾ˿ʵӣǸı䲻˴ǰϰߣȾƷҪһڲŸġ
źţĵ˾ôš
ȵ㷹Ѿǰʱ֮ˣĵİʱ棬Ҳ˺üȦ齫

ôܴأӦôһͰӲǲƾͺô
֪ʱߵүƳӵһߣԼ齫ϡ
ƣ
齫ϣ죬ģ¶¶˾ĸһߴ齫һ˵¹ǺɽԺʱ䷢顣
¹ҵ峤Խɵ¹֮С
ĸ֪¹Ƿ飬˵ŹڴȣҺ͹ңԼ¹֮·ֵĶѨıĹȵȡ
Ϸûȷȷʵʵħ繴ᣬͷΪ˱ȫҲǽˣɴҽޡ
ʦǸʲôض
˽Ϊޣү齫Ƹ˽ޡ
һ齫ƴ磬ڶ齫ƴŸռ磬齫˵һź͵ڶ齫֮䣬ޡ
ǿɻǵľɽз飬ҲЩ̤ޣһޣҲûκοԻصκʵС
ԭˣ
ƶǶĵ˵ͷ
СѾͷĸĹѨжʲô
үŽĶĸĹѨпʲôƱȻϲļĹѨǮԵòôҪˡ
һĹѨħޣӦЩͷڶĹѨǽƱĹѨһɫĺԻģĸĹѨҲ֪

1750 ԲҪǮ

1750  ԲҪǮ
ҡҡͷʾҲ֪ĸĹѨʲô
ͿϧˣϷŲ²ûдĸĹѨӦùѺһͷ롣
¹һ˵¹ǵĵ£ԶŵĴıأֻҪõκһӵǿ
УޱȣǺ룬ǰδеǿڡ
ഫǺ뱻ڸ˫ۣһȺˣΪˡ
ϧˣĿϧˣ
쳤̾һͷ¹Ƕ̤֮УҲ޿ռС
˵ˣүӣɽԺ׶ʲô˵ʲôֵЩðΣҲҪõֵģ
¹ǵµĺ룬ĸǶɽԺȤ
Щ͵ʲôҪһˡ
µˣҲʲôˡ
ǰûͽ˵һΪ˵Ϊû磬֪鷴ᷢΣա
һҲΪ̫ڸӣǣǽ緽棬֪ûʲôô
ڲͬʱͬգС˵㹻ԱҲӦøɽԺˡ
ɽԺһǿߣЩĿҪҳǿ֮أƻӡ
ǿߣʲôǿߣΪλᱻɽԺ
ۺ棬⻹ǵһɽԺܣǸǿʲôˣΪʲôᱻɽԺ
̾һ˵ɽԺĹ¡
ǺܾúܾǰɽԺһţҲǽţѵһ
ûԺۺıȴƥеʣʱɽԺԺŵӡ
Ǹ˭
ǻֻ֪֣ǽ˼˲֪
үӻ˵Ԫ֣ŹɽԺԺİ
ʱɽԺԺǷ࣬ǷҵĳŮҲǽš
һ˱Ԫ죬棬Ϊӣʦͽһεڽ֮С
Ƕʱ⣬ԪһҸʱ⣬ŷϰѧϰ֪ǽ֪ʶԪһɳΪǿŰߡ
е𾳽磬һ˸ǱǽΪ
ǣҲ֪ԪԼʦ࣬ǽԲ׼飬ʦͽ֮䲻а˽飬ᱻ˲ܣҲ۵ɽԺҡ
ΪɽԺԺΪ֮Ȼзִ磬ҲŰӣʵѡ
ԪԷѾ޷԰εĵز뷽ﰮĽ֮ģᱻԪʹʱ򣬶˱дʹΪǵ֮ɽԺҪնɱԪ죬Է˵ΪҪЮĪе֮Ԫаħӡ¡
вɣаħȺ˵ǲǱˡ
̫˽⹷ˣɵӵӣ±Ⱦ
ү˵ŹڷԪ飬ߵĺܣֻҪమֻҪ֮Уָʲô飬ƫƫҪƱ߶߶Ĺôࡣ
үӣɽԺѹߵġԪô
Ƿ࣡
˵ֵʱ̾Ϣš
ʱδɽԺҲڱĴ½ķ쵽ڶ飬ʱԼɽԺУЩǲǾͲᷢˡ
ǽۼɽԺԽԽ࣬׷ҪŻҵҲȺв
Ԫ커ŷ࣬ҲɽԺ˫ȭѵ֣ԪȻǽǧȴҲˣʱ˿̵ķȴħ
಻ɽԺԺôΪħ
˲⣬ΪɽԺԺħȴǡǡΪΣ
ΪԼػǽ磬˵ĽұˣѰպҲһһԼ
̾˵ŷ֮ħҪԭ
ΪˣҲãˣ֪ԼǰǷȷģҲ֪ԼҪʲô
һĳħɻȴĽ÷޷еʹħ£ħ
ɽԺɽйѺŵķ࣬ΪˣЩΪʲôҪҵࣿ
Ѿħǽٽǽҡһ󲻵Ľ֡
⻹֮һ뿪ɽԺĽǽ˵Ҳһѡ
Ḵ𣬻ὫнɽԺɱ˷ңʹԪ˶Ͼɱ
ҲħΪʲôӶЩɽԺ̽ԭ͵Ǽ٣ԭΪࡣ
Ҳ֪飬ʲô˵ô
ǰû߼ˣΪΣ̫ߣ֪Ҳʲôʲô֪ȫԼڲһˣ񣬼С˶ӵΪѾԼ֮ˣ㹻ԱҲΪɽԺһ
ôһħ˳ҵλãô
ʲô
쿴ŽĵȴĻ
ү⼸ɽԺԲǲҪǮ㿴Ǳڳʲôˣû˵ȥ
ôȥ
һ۽ģһ롣
ˣүӣڤҹ
ĵڤҹôʱˣΪʲôڤҹûд֮ش˳֡
İɣû¶ϷһΪԼԭųٳû뿪֮ء
ڤҹһҲġ
ڰ̳֮ˣټϱϹħǽ˵ΪһĴڣһ֮طʲôΣա
֪ʲôԭסڤҹĽŲڻδصʵС
Ҳֻеڤҹֵʱ֪ˡ
ҹɫ˾ӡ
үһ⼸ʱԺǮһע⣬үʧˡ
Ϊϲ𣡡
Ϊϲĸǿǿͬ졣
ˣ˭үǵʦһ仰˵úãֵҲҪˣȵүٳ˾ӵʱһҪúõһʱļǮ
ˣ
գ峿һ磬¶¶κȱյһ˵ίУί˾ȥɽҽеͷ첶׽
룬£˾¶¶ĸ˿ô
Լ˾˵ΪѾ𾳽磬Ĳģ֮Խ¶¶һȥһ¶¶һθ񣬶Ҳ¶¶ˣʲôƻ
Ϊִǰʱ˱ཨ˾һʲСӡ
֪ˣĽģҾԻῴǵġ
¶¶֪ʲô˼׼һ£˾һǰɽȥ
ģ㲻¶¶ᷢΣô
˾أģ¶¶Աټֻô
ŽĵĻԺиֳֻӰӣɵȫëķ䡣
Ҳǣֻ͹˺һˡ

1751 ˴ˣ

1751 ˴ˣ
룬˾¶¶ĸȥɽ˾ӵĽģκȺͻĸһеıһ߹Ű
ڼҲвί˾ӣ˾ʵɲ
ϣǿذ
һ룬³ǽ֮Ҳһʱˣ˵֮صΪδﵽ쾳ľ磬ǽ罵ǳ֮İ£ż˵ΪȻͻͽ
ʱ䣬ת۾͹һµʱ䡣
һ֮ǰɽ˾¶¶ĸ˻ˡ
˾˱ףüͷ
ôˣ˴ˣ
˵Ϊǵ𾳽磬ǽҲж֣Ѳɽʲô飬ҲûܰȥһЩ޶ѣ˵ȫӦԣټ¶¶ؼֻô¶
ʣ뿴˿ģֻ۾ڵľèһ
ˣΪ˾һ
һƨϣκȶ˼̲裬˺֮˿ĸоڿڳбŷţżȥ˲ٷ֮С
ӣɶôúȣ
һһ̲裬ŸҪ˵ڶ
̲裬ζɻϲ
̲裬̺Ͳô
뿴˿Ϊ̲֮лСɫӣҧĿڸ쳣ˬ൯ʲô
ȱ˵̲ˣ˵˵ǣô¶
Ǿ仰룬º˾˶𾳽磬˵Ϊǽ綼˵еĸ֣Ϊλ㡭

һ̲׼ƪ˵ģôһ¶ʱ¶¶һڡ
Ľ㣬ȥɽ޲ûзκ飬ǣڻʱ;ϵ˿ʹˣ
¶¶˵˻ΪԭΪ˴ˡ
ܣΪʲô
ڶӣҲƽ޹ʵ˴ܣ׷ʲô飬˻˴֡
¶¶˵ھϷ飬ûʲôⷢ˺˺ĵɲ֪ôģ˾Ҳ˵˽ġ
̬˲䷢ת䣬˵ĵĲã˵˾ӵĲãƢ̵ôԭҰӶǱ˵һǣǺ˾ʹ
û뵽˵ΪҲ˵ĸ߳˫ڼҵĲ֮£վˣҲ˴˺ݻ֮󣬸뿪
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ҪľȻ˾ӣӵģҪӾͲ룡
˵ţȭͷŶ˳˹ȥ˭֪һ仰æֹסȭ磬ЩΪ͵ԭײſϡ
С壬ɵô
īѩƺʱ򣬽ΪԼǰ˻þȷȷʵʵС͸ɵ
ɵС壡
æܵ˽īѩƺǰһ˫ǻϲ֮⡣
СѾͷжʱ䲻˲ٰ
ī谮ĿԼСֶŮŽĵͷ
жʱ䲻ˣСѾͷΪ
ɶɵС壿
ɱƵı飬űĽС͸ɵĶϵıҪôĽӲжôĽӲ
զ¶˭ܸߺǴܵĶΪʲôͳΪĵˣ
ӮˣͷܵıȻסˣ
īע⵽ϵı飬ЦѩƺǴӻóһָָֻװĶǸı
ȻǲԸԸķ䣬ǽָӸ˽ī
Сģûɵ
Уÿ춼룬ɵС£˵˵ô˾ӡ
īѩƺϣ˾ԹԵվһԡ
Ϊ׵㡣
īκȶ̲裬һ˫۾˲â
öжûȹˡ
һһ̲裬ī˵ѩƺ˾ӵԭһжΪġ
׺͵
ţ׺СԪɽ㲻ҪģҲΪİΣ˾Ӹųų棬СѾͷ
Ŷõʱ䣬˾ӵѾǽ磬Ҳˣ˾ӵʱ뼸ˣһ£˾ӵʵ⡣
˵˾Ӳ˵Сʱµʱû뵽⼸˲˻˵Ǹ޺СѾͷȻųҧǡ
С壬ɵǸʲôǲ֪Ƕ˵ݣ
뺩ЦţѹͲ֪īѩƺݣŻ֣û뵽ˮԼ˴Լˡ
ƢҲ仰ˣҪƶΪȽһЩͱһȭˡ
ٺ٣Ҵˣ̲裬С̲裡
Զ̲˽īѩƺǰ
ɵС壬Ҳ˵ǻ˾ˣ
׵ԭ֮ǰʱ㷢ʲô飬׾ͻСҵĹȡ
ⶼɶˣô׵в
ѾͷǸأ
ѩƺҿûпڤҹӰӡ
Ȼڤҹ˽٣ΪŮδҪϸϸĿһ
֮ػûгɵǡҲ͵һɣ
ڤҹĳɼܴΪʱڤҹ˺Եǲϲڤҹ
ԼѾ֤˱˴ˣɵҲ͵һֹǰɡ
Ѿͷģɵ㣬ѡʲôɵ֧㣬ЩɵΪһҪڤҹ˵ġ
ѩƺ뽪İݲͬ۽ʲôķ֧֣ղ˵һΪЩһҪ˵ġ
ֻǲɣڤҹδ֮س֡
ģҲϸ֮Էڤҹ飬Ҳԭġ
ĺͽİݵ齪ҲӦİݵԼŮˣԲŻˡ
֪Ҳûйֵ
ãɵȥ
żСɵǲǼС˵˵СŶˣ˭ǲررĿɰ
һᵽԼΪСӣһ˫۾Բˣǧ׵Ĺâϵĸֶ
ȻɰˣСһְֵģɰĺܣǽСʱ򳤵üһģһ
ī˵С飬ǽˣǱһޡ
ģɵϲԵСӣ
īѩƺ˾ӡ
ֻһѡԵһҪúõչŮθڡ
ƺǰæ
¶¶κҲ˳ѩƺæǰæһʱʱ䣬һζȳǰ־Ĳʽֱˮ

1752 ʿǺˣ

1752 ʿǺˣ
׻˵úã粻ɣ׼ӵʱˡ
ѽһܳԵôóԵģϷĺð
ԹԵ˽ԣʱҲīѩƺˣܵ𾳽ǣĿ⿴ѩƺʱĿסˡ
ݶҲֻ֪Ŀ⿴ѩƺǲ
㿴ʲô
ԪԪ죿
쿴ѩƺԪ֡
̫ˣֱһëһֲһԪ졣
үӣ˵ҸɵԪô
ѾͷԪ˭
ѩƺȻ֪Ԫ˭ļ̵˵һԪͷ飬ʱΪ˵ľ㵡
ȳԷɣһζͱˣ
ѩƺԼԪ죬ֻĲһ˾ͲóˣڸҲ
һٷ켸ѩƺ֪ΪѩƺúԪһģһ֪ĻΪɽԺԺʲôĲء
ҹɫ˾ӣĵģүڲԲ֮û뿪
үӣܱܲôֱĶҸɵ
ǣϷҪһ⣬ħܴһֺԪйϵɵڷǰټµҽܲ÷ָ
үӣһħͺѽ취õĻҲֻ÷ָ˵֪
޻ħ⣬ûʲôӣ޳ħ޳ֻҪȷˣʲô޶ԳΪ
Ѿħôʱˣܲ˵˼ά˵
ߣĵĸɵİȫϾܳΪɽԺԺȻĽɫټħ
ģϷ֪ڵʲôϷԱ֤ȫԷڱħš
֪ĵʲô飬˵һħʱŶֻҪѩƺȥһԣܻܲѷһ˿˿ǡ
ûҪ̲裿
κжŽʣ̲裬ںͽ˵Ҫ໵һɤӳ嵽κǰ󣬽̲豧ԼĻС
ƺ±˺̲һת˲ʧ˾ӣҪҲȥ顣
Ѿͷɵһ̲衣
ѩƺһõ̲轻˽ģһԵĽīǰһԵϿ˿ѩƺֿ˿ʧе졣
ѩƺ˵һֱ᲻Ԫת
ǰɣѩƺҲҵһŮӣջǷֿˣԭΪŮӾѩƺбˡ
Ȼ˭Ȼö˵Դһζݵ֮ѩƺһֱ
᲻ᶼ޹ء
˾ΪľǱģûκιϵ
С壬ССֶŮһڼô
ģ֮ǰѾȫСͬˣֶŮֶҲǳİȫ
īʾ⽪Ĳص飬ѩƺѲһǻԵ
գ˾ӡ
СɵҺͶȥˣһȥô
ʲô
ˢĽīŲӺؿ˿һӣһԱڽīǰ
С£
һԱУīһ֧ʣȻ֪֧ʾʲôʲôǺԵֱ߽ī֧һöʮַԼʡ
ã
Ķ˵㽫͸˽ī
Ϻȥȥ
īûõӦŽĺκǰ˾ӲԶ
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ʼûʲôˣ˾ӵǽԽټүӵүǿӲקвĪԨԼһǽ֮£˶
ң˾ĶǸı֮õĶ˾˸Ƕ಻ʤֱҪһƱѲܽ
ǣһܶ䣬һ䣬ͻᱻĺ֮У̤һ
һſʼӪҵ綼ںͳһһųȥĲ
ÿһӪҵ죬һܵĵڶӪҵա
С壬Ҫ͹ɣСһܰǿ
˵СǸǮӣرţ⡣
񶫷ų綼֮˾ʱʱӵǶ뿪Ļ˾ӺҪҵ
С͸ɵ˾ӣҲܷſֽȥ顣
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ţ˾һܹԯһ忹⣬ǽռҪһϯ֮أڵ˾ȴûԯһԿԣǻҪŬ
ôҲǲԣһĿҪ֪ͬĵط涨ȻҪعء
֪С˵˽⣬ԺͰСˣҲСչˡ
ţСͷԼ϶ȵİһԽǿ
Сָ
ָжٱҲ֪άĻԴ
ʱʼӪҵ
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Ҳ֪˾ʲôö
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˵˾ӣ̶̵ʱ٣ϷǺܺ棬˵ٶȾǽάֶã
ϹļҲǽĸ֮һǽһ
ϹѾõʱ䣬Ҳ̫𣬸Ļ
˾ֳ͸ߵĴڣ³Ǳ𣬱ɵĽ֣񣬸ǽ֮ʣǺ˾ǽõʱ䡣
һ꣬ʮ꣬ǰꣿ
ˡ
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֪
ʱīһɫĵۻУ¥Ѿˡ
վڸ̨ϵĽīܣɤӽԼݡ
λƶ˾ӵĵˣӽԺҲ¡
ī˵ˮ©˵Լݣ˵Ժƹܣڲ֮չʾһԼΪ
סˡ
ճ˵Ϊǿǲɲ֪ȷȷʵʵīҲ֡
ˣȻˣ㿪ʼһ
СҲ̫˰ɣ
κȸīޣһ˲Ϣѹ˵࣬Ϊֲܹǡ
һָо
ʲôо
С͸ɵС˾˺үүҲ
ҽĵָоԽǿҡ

1753 걱

1753 걱
ʵ֤īǵķӡ
ѩƺ˾ӴճīĵҲȻʱһЩ˾ӵǽ硣
ҹɫ˾ӡ
ζص˵ζ֮С
ѷžΪҹɫ˼Ȥζж̲裬ЦĿ룬뽲ɽз顣
ǲ֪ͷħ޿Ҳ壬໵һɤӾͳ˹
ɽзֱ֣ںëը𡣡
壬壬ܵĺͷĸܾȻԼͬ࣬ף
˵ˣϲҲϲôѩӾͲ
˵ʱĳˣֲͷܰ㵱ͬࡣ
³Ц룬ȴȫȻνı飬˵Լĸ߼
Ժȶ֣㶼Ļʲô˼
ǰһ߹˹˵ĺ̲裬һ߼˵ɽеȤ¡
ǽٵĵҵ֮䣬߳ſʼʲôɱ˶ᱦȱȽǡ
ߣˣټЩ֮飬ǽҲ
ˣ
ʱһ˷׷׻عͷŴŵķ򿴹ȥֻһʮǰ
մȾѾɺԵѪɫ˫ɫŹâ쳣Ĵһݴ֮ųޣһһ޷Ĩȥĳޡ
Сޣǲߴ·ˣ˾ӣ
꣬ѵߴ·ɡ
˿һ˵ͨһ꾹ȻڵϣͲߵĿͷ
ϽСӲô
Ȼ˾ӵ˶óþãٶ˲ϲ
λǾȾףǾȾȱüҡ
ɶ¶˵ˡ
¶¶ǰڵϵʱҲ˽֪ҪԿ⣬ѶŶġ
ɶóԵˣ㰡
ԶԶؾŵζſˮǰɸոԽ֮ʱŲȴͣתͷվǰꡣ
㲻Ǳͷҵĺôôģˣ
ӣүʶǰõ꣬˵ڱüҵ֮ʱɫסˡ
ܣͷӵΪϷģ𾳽ĸΧҲͷӻɢûԣ
ĻȻǲŵġ
úصΪǽһĴڣǱͷӵĶ֣ǽֶǱúصͽܣ꾹Ȼ˵üұˣúҲˡ
ʱһιڵϣֶ췢ģаڤ֮УһóһöѪȾ˵塣
үүһö彻ңɽԺ˾ӵˣ
Ϥ壬үһ
ôܣúǸͷô
Ǳúص֮ʲôĻ˱˵ϡ
ǵõһִ͵߱úص壬ûгɹ֮˸
ѵ˵úˣ
үʾ˵üҵ龿ôһ¶
࡫
ʱĶӷߴﹾκȽԼδԵĿ걱Уֶһ̲衣
һ߳һ˵˰ɣ
ȷʵǶˣӱüҳ¶ʼһʳҲûԹȵȫˮֻΪɽԺȱһ̶ҵ顣
ĳһ鿾ֺһ̲裬֧˰ֱ
֣Ţ·ǣʼ˵췢顣
ǽٽ֮үүúغ֪Ѽһһüҵ˶źˣֻԼүүչšͻȻһ죬һȺ˳ڱüҵլУȱʲôûз֣үүЩɱ˼䱰ɵֶΰ˱üҵвүү
˵ʱ򣬱˫ȭеĺŨҡ
Ҫõľүүϵ壬ʲô֪үү֮ǰ彻͵ɽԺ
ɽԺǵˣɱ񲻸ģ뱨˾ΪүүΪüұ
үӣҿһö塣
Ĵù壬֪ΪΣܾʲôطһöһ
ȣ¶¶ʲôط
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ˣմȾħ
İ廹үӣѾµó˭ǧüҪúеˡ
ħ磿
˲²ţȤģҲֻħˣҶҲʵԿúء
ȴҡҡͷ˵˵
ȲħҲ磬񣡡
ϤϵħҰǻµķǲ¶˷ֵģҲ˵ϵħմȾȥģ
ĿʲôȻõ壬Ϊñ꽫͵˾ӣ
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үӣȥء
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˾ǰĽһöָѩƺ
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ģҾ¶¶˾˸ųǸ󣡡
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Ĵӻóһŵͼຣ·ֻ죬һδüҵ֮󣬿ǰຣ
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лë
һ̧ͷ˿ͷ
Ȼ˵һʱͷ˲٣ҲССħڡĵıŤ
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ѿô
Լ˧Ҳѿ˵ˣͷĳѾˡ
һ죬ײʲôһ˼£漴һȺһȺɹ

1754 ܰѻ˵ô

1754 ܰѻ˵ô
ΪǽٵĹϵЩҲؼҵĺź;ײһ
ǽٵʲôʱ
ΪǽٵĹϵκȵĻ˵鶼ʵı仯еħޱúܴе߻ħиδı֮
֪СһЩˡ
ߣۣ˾Ҫ㣬Ҫǽٷɡ
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лħ֮⣬ħӣħûнӴ罪Ϥ
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Ǹ⣬մȾŵħΪλҪñõ˾ӣ
⽪ĵڶûŪס
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һϮɫ˶ĽվڱüԺУ˫ۣʱһ΢ɫâֵĳǰϸĻɫâ
Ľ㣬ôˣ
¶¶˽ĵ쳣֮ҲŽһֱš
ɫĹâԺпʼһֱ鷿һǽнǽѰѰשǽɽܾˡ
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俪ǳǽҪ俪Ļ鷿̮
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˵Ҳ֣֮ûɢװһŵƿ棬ƿӱ
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һǰȻ䣬ʯڰɫ̳֮һİĻ渡ڽǰ
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֪ŮҪʲô̽ԵǰһҲǡǡΪһСΧĻһת
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⣬ǽٵʱĻ棬ʱǽ綼ᱻɣҹ
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Ժǽ㽻ͺڰˣԶսᱻʷǽҲҪϵĽתȥ
ö⻰еףǽٲÿ궼ήһôǽ粻ӾǺúõô
Ů˵Ļ·𿴵ǽδ϶ǽΪһƬ֮ء
罨֮ԶǱҪ𣬵Ůϴˣǽǽ磬ܰùǽ٣ǽڴ꣬һڰ鲼ԶǱὫǽ𡣡
񻰹ô
񻰹ҲãʵҲգֻҪ֪Ҫǧ粻𣬱ǽߵ󡣡
£Ůӻعһ۽ģ˹һҲ缴Ǳߣıˡ
ţǸʲôȱߣȰѻ˵
ԣŮӻŸϢܲȸôһ¶²²¸ͣ
Ůʧˣ׵׵ʧڽǰ
̳Ҳɢʯָֻԭӣ˸̨ϳΪ˻ҽľᡣ
أ
Ϊҵ˾ᣬһ񣬶һʡ
ʲôʲôʲôֱ˵ôҪȦӡ
ܰԭ·أ¶¶˾ϯضĵʱ³һ
Ľ㣬㶼ҹˡ
ҹ
֮ҲŤʱ䣬ʯͣ˰ʱ֮ãʵѾȥҹ
ˣ߰ɡ
һô
ⱻˡ
εһǧıüңһ񣬻˲ӡ
ҹǡ
˾Ϣһϣȵڶ峿ڳǰຣ
ҹɫǣջ¥ĴߣɢڳϣžƱżȺ
Ѱ˺ãĻҲյĹƽ
ѰŽĵĿ⿴ȥмĽ˵ƽΪҲΪݳ޵Ĵڡ
ߵʱүӣүӲ²⣬ӦñѺض
ĸױѺຣʲôطû̫Ϣһֻеǰ֮һຣ̽һ
ຣһУҲຣǰеһȽϴ͵֮أйѺŵĶ׼Ĵͽˡ
飬һһҪ̴ຣȳ
գǰľ
ŴƱˣҪΪҪȥຣˣĸ˴ϴĹͷҾ
ôϴĻ˵ȥΣյĵطȻҪǮҺٴϤĺΣԲõĴңҲǰĴң۸Ȼġ
²òͷգ˻ǸǮ˸߼۴Ʊ˾
ǰҪ·̣ң·˷꣬ͣȵ֮дҪȻΣտɲһܹ˵ġ
г̵ĵ죬꽵٣ϴ󽫾ͣһСǰȴ֮ͣǰС

1755 Ҫ

1755 Ҫ
ʲôʱһг̣
ŴϴʲôʱԿϴ˿΢΢̾һó̸˶રવĳƬ֮Ż⡣
ƣӦҪ¸һһҹߣ㿴ɫ쳣һˡ
ϴôˣȻῴɫг̣ٻҪһһҹ꣬ǿߴĻǱȻشĺ
һʱ䣬˶п꣬ȼշžصڡ
ģ¶¶˾˶һۡ
Сʱ˵⸽ĵطһ˵һʲôһֵĻ̡̻
˿ΧԼԼļǵСʱ飬ǶǺܾúܾǰˣõĶʱ䣬ǿҲСʱ顣
ҺûиҪȻҪųõ
֣ƽʱԸҲˣɼʱЩͻħ֮ģСʱµӰشԺ֮С
ʲô˵
Ҳǵˣ˵Ůӱɱԩ;ۼһγǿԹ飬һʿˣŻԹԹǵԽֻ֮УҲΪ飬ʿԹǵԹ߻ħˡ
Ӧô˵ûдǾ仰ϸôǵˡ
ʱһԵĴϴ󻺻ڣеôʡ
ȷȷʵʵǵʿˣЩﶼħ֣֮үΪԩϵħŽħԼڡ
ϴ˵ĺȷϣ۾һ
ϴ⸽д鵽ô¶ҪȻͺ˵˵£Ҳġ
죬ֲд˱ǰ޷ҲǹĵģҸһĽơ
̸ӵĴϴһʾһƣ˵
Ϊ𾳽ǿߵҲûʲôӣһƷڴϴǰϴһߺһ˵ŵ顣
֪֮ϸΪ괬ϴʱķ
ʱĴϴһʮСӣŰүдϴҲ
ʱһү˴үú㣬һº͵ĸо
ʹүȥǵүƺ֪ԼĽһ˵ȥֻء
԰ټŮӵԩγһӴԹ֮壬־֮⡣
Ҫ˵ЩԩҲʮֿΣ֮УǱԼȫԩ֮ˡ
һŮԩʶȰ˵ŮԩſִֻأԩԹǵܹġ
գΪԩܹͶ̥ȡħΪħ֮ˣЩԩĵ˾õ˽ѡ
Դ֮󣬾Ҳû˼ǵˣи˵˵ǵħ磬ħɻǲйκɱ
ǲɵħķôΪʲôƫƫҪΪýԩϵԹɵԼϣ
ĿȻǺõģⲻûɣõķʵ˷˼
ѲЩԩ֮ʶģΪųΪԩģǵҪô
ŵΪԭ֮һɱϾǰ飬˭Ҳ֪ൽôһ¶ֻǵһѡ
֮⣬ϴ󻹸ĵ˵ôȤ£Լĸ˿ʵİ
ǽһܵش˵ǽһ㷸¶׼֮˶ȹѺ֮Уຣǰ֮йѺΪշ˵֮һ
Ѻຣ֮У֮Ǿ޷뿪ຣġ
һຣ֣˫ȭ޲ڰ
ˣûȥҪʲô¶ˣ
ϴŽһΪҪǰĸҲʲô񼫵ĻˣѲȥˣ
ȥһˡ
û˵̫࣬ϴҲûȥ
껹ţڰ˵ڶͣҲˡ
Ŀʮֵ͸ƲƲ֮䣬ɫĲʺߣ·һ־ܽץסһ㡣
н֮󣬾ڵ˰ıԵش
ϴҲͣˡ
ǰһʱʱͻῴɴڶɴİڶ˻ʲôͿĸܲܽסˡ
ϴе˼ڸˣڶ˲ʲôǱ׻ΣҪԼˡ
УϷὫͣڰͤʮʱ䣬ʮ֮Ϸ㲻ڵˡ
лϴ󡣡
ЦţеĲ˴ϴ
ΪϴĴ󷢣ΪԲĵȺ
ʮʱ䣬ʮʱ棬ÿ춼ҪķһĲɣˣϴ͵ͷˡ
һо紬ϴ˵һŰĺһʱʱ䣬һªĸۿԼһɴ
ɴϵžƣŽ˳֣֪Լˡ
ˣʮһˡ
ȽĿ˵һ˼롣
һʮĸʮӲһȱļ۸ͳȥˡ
һʮ˼ͻǲ͡
¶¶֮⣬˶շУ˾Ա¶¶ǰຣ֮ء
ຣڰ֮УûһָߵĻһʱ̶Ҳຣλá
򷢽лˣϷѾ˵ˣʮһˡ
һҧ۸һʮǲκα䶯š
Ǻðɣʮʮͺ˼Ǯˡ
ô㻹ɱϷ򲻳ɣ
б۾ŽģǳЦ
ڶô˵ʲôûĸСëͷӾȻвǺЦ
Ĳûдɱߣ֮һӣһһŵĲӽָԴԴϵĳ˴ϡ
Ҳմ
˱ȻȻʲô߻ˣһĲҪˣҴڲϵ³СѾͷƺûûֵ˼
ˣҪˡ
ԶԶʮǿĸˣҪʮء
ЦţЦߺ޵ȡÿǸŽ˴¡
˼ңסҪȥຣ˼·ĻҲ֪Լʲô
һģ˾֮󿪣𾳽ǿߵϢ֮䣬ߵı鼸Ǿȵ޷ݵĵز
С޿ʮӣô͵𾳽磬Цذɣ
ǽ٣ǽҵʱڣߵٶȱǰϰٱ࣬Ҫڶʮ굽𾳽硭ûܵ顣
˼֮£Ǿĸ͵ָصຣΪ˱಻Ҫ鷢

1756 

1756 
ɫຣ֮ʣ߽ຣɴ뿪
¶¶·߼ô
İɣ·߶
֮öɴͣһΪҲຣ·ҲҪ»ȥ·
ຣһ޴ĵ죬֮Ͻһ޴ɽׯɽׯΧɬʯ˸߸ߵʯǽ
ɽׯǰûУҲǣ֮ߵʯǽټ󷨵Ľһ뵽ຣɽׯˣҪûʲôܵ顣
¹֮£Ŀǰɽׯתͷ˿Լ߳һͷҪ³һ
ģһҵ̵ġ
ţ
֨һƿţĸ˽ຣɽׯ
濴ȥɽׯ߸ߵʯǽڰΧУɽׯ֮ŷڲҲʯǽڣһ㳤˻غ󷨣вܴأ뿪ʱЩȴҪ˵
ॣॣॣ
ʱһĸ˽ຣɽׯĸһѺຣɽׯ˫ֱϵķ޷ѿ
ݣЩ˵ϢϢء
Ŀһϵķ䣬ɵüͷһѿҲᷢЧöȡ˵
Ϻǣģ
һӵģ¿ĸһۣеĹâжô˷ˣ
Ϊӵķ֣ҲسŽ˹
ຣѺĿɶ񼫵ˣһƲ硣
ʱһȺ˱㽫ĸΧסга鿴Žĺ¶¶ˡ
һ˾ݺһȭһ˵ϣڳ޿ħ˾˵¶¶˭Ҳ׼ְڮԼϱ
ӵģ㾹ȻҴӣϣŪС
һȭʣ°໵һɤӳָ¾Ҫȥ
ຣɽׯǻĸĸ۸ˣܵ¶
ѹͲ֪˸ǱѺຣɽׯຣɽׯ˵ġ
˵һ±ſڵϣ˿ûлصʱ߼Ĳࡣ
أֻһ飬ҪʵʵĻشҪȻ
ǣүʲôǾͻشʲô
Ϊ׵ͷؾصĹڵϵȴʻ
ǰຣɽׯһŮӣŮӳüڱѺʲôط
ǰü
ӻŶǰ飬Ƭָָ֮Զķ
ǼǰģЩ黹̫˵ຣɽׯĵشסһŮӣŮӳþͺҪҵˣ
ӲѣຣɽׯŮ˱ͼ٣üĸ֮٣ҲһŮܶϺš
һӰʧĿ˿˾¶¶
ຣɽׯĵشɫʻʢڻ԰֮У׼ǰʱ򣬽ļæס
Щж
ûпĻЩǴ˵е߲ݣĻֻΪѣһ߲ݵĶ񾭣Ǿֻеˡ
շУ˾¶¶ĺҲ˶԰
һĴͨͤУȵĲ豭֤֮ǰˣҿһɵӦŮϢ
ڴʱһҵڻԵһߣʮ˳֣һɷ⣬Ͳʲôöļһֵ˵Ի
һߣԶҲ漴߳һһŮˡ
Ůǰ˫ŰڲһϮɫȹŮĿþĶĸݡ
׿ƣб¾͹ηη棬ա֮Ҫ¡
˵ţŮֻһˣȴûκξ⡣
컢ƾȺҷҲΪຣɽׯϴ󣬺Ǻǣ￴ǣһȺѡ
׿ƣб˵һΣ
ŭˣһǵȻҪ׿ƺÿԼôຣɽׯ㡣
ϣһɱ׿Ƶˣͣ
׻˵úã֮±·Ƿ׷׳ȥľ壬ΪľǸ߲ݵЧá
߲ڿдζľûʲôá
׿Цţһӣվǰֻ׿Ƶ˫ּһһɫ˿˵壬׿ƵĲٿ£Լٶնɱߡ

׿翳вһٿ˻ɱߣҪ֪Щ˵һ쾳ĸ֣еĶѾ쾳۷壬һ𾳽ǿߣɼˣҲ׿л֮ڡ
Ͼ˶ڣ׿ֻжˣץ׼ǰԼٶȳеĳ׼ɱ׿ơ
˫߲ٿص˻ɱȥԼֵ˺Щ˵ٶ̫죬޷ʱϵ
ǧһ֮ʣ׿࣬˻ɡ
ûڵһʱʲôͺ˫۵ڵʯ֮ǿߵ̬ˡ
Ѫһأ֮У߲̰ʳѪҺѾΪʬϵڣȴ
תһ˫ÿЦվǰ׿ơ
ڿʱҲסˡ
ʮδδԼĸף׿뿪֮ʱֻһССӤ
ĸģֻҪһۣ֪˴˵Ĵڡ
׿һǰظգеˮϵĵ
ͨһ˫ϥأ׿ǰ
ʱʮ꣬ĸһ
һԵ¶¶Ϳ޺˫ۣŬŲԼ޳
˾۵ӵ¶¶뻳ϵİ¶¶
ҲŸжţĽֶ˵õģ˵Ҷֵ飬һүһֱҵĸס
ףˣ
һٵ˶ʮף׿籬ɽһ㣬׿ƿţˮϵĵ䡣
˵ζԲܣҲᱻ뿪Сûס
׶Բ㣡
ףǶܣôĿ࣡
¹׿ƺϣʮĸ֮ڽҹŷţ¶¶˾һ԰ĿţΪĸеˡ
һʱ䣬׿˵Լ飬һЩֵϲ£ôȴֻδᡣ
ຣɽׯףǳȥǸˣΪ鲼Żأ󷨸ܶ˵
ģѾˣ飬ӻӱģ
˵ຣ鲼ΣգҪ뿪Ҳϼѣнڣ󷨼ֱСơ
գĿ֮£ĸ˽˳ȥ
ڶɵڿ׿ƵʱҲסˡ
ڰٶô꣬ǵһμ뿪ຣɽׯ

1757 ص

1757 ص
һòڶɴֱӱ׿ƻص˰İߡ
׿ƵҪ֮£۷ຣ˻
׿ƽຣɽׯʱ̻Щ׼֮˵ˡ
׿ƾˣΪ˱һ·׿ƽຣɽׯ׿˵ʱ벻
ڴˣܸмˣҲһ˾
ϴڿĸ۷ʱ򻹶ˣòҲ֪˱ضǰйѺˡ
ŲʵͲʣϴ󿪴ʻ˰ǰǡ
ףһ˾ӣӺúչ㡣
ãں˾֮ǰҪȥһҡ
׿Ҫʲô˵Ȼ֪ȻҲŹңຣôĿ࣬һҪ˫
ڴϴٺ֮£ڵǣһڶϢ
˾¶¶һ˱üҡ
ʱıüѾΪ˷棬Ҳʽ
úõһüҾôˡ
¶¶пţҲ֪ǽ磬˭Ҳ֪һᷢʲô顣
ٽȥǲʲô֡
ٴ̤˱üңǺһһ˱ҿǽ֮⣬ûʲô仯
ڽ׼뿪ʱһγǰɫâ˽ĵע⡣
¶¶˾ǵһ£
ɫĹâһֱߵ˱üҵУڰڷűüҵλһɫĹâָһλС
ǰλһȻһöɫĺӱϸȥĻֻᷢôһӵĴڡ
û󷨣ûлأֻǼ򵥵һӡ
Ĵ򿪺ӵʱ򣬺һöѹһţżдԵˡ
ʹ֮£Ĳŷ⣬ŷ־ʱ򣬽ŷ֣üҵһڱúصԤ֪֮УͬҲ֪ü俪ǽ˻֮Ŀռ䡣
ҵ졭
ֽݣԼһаĸȥຣɽׯбд˳дŵǱúء
Уúظ֪ģռеǸʯֻΪԻ˵ģʵûջ٣ɽͼľᶼһöУȽǵ֮ǽٻȫƾԼԸ
ŷȻдԵˣд˽֡
ˣúػ֪ģü֮˽ѾΪȫɽͼᣬ˱üҵĲħ񣬻ǽΪ֮ˡ
ŵ󣬱úظ֪ģɽͼ֮ʹ︲ָѰҵ̡
ֻҪҵ̣ⲨǽһУҪҪõ̵ˣǽΨһǿߡ
Ķһֵʱֽ˻ҽʧ֮䣬űŲλҲָԭλá
վǰһ֪شϢüͷ
Ҳ˵¶¶˾ǡǡ෴ΪΣŲܽ޹֮˾뵽Σյ֮С
뿪ĽĻص˶ߣ¶¶ֶָ԰Ǻ«֮ؿ
ʲôζǺ«
á
˾һֱӽеǺ«Сϰ˵ľͲ˾ˡ
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üҵǸһĻˣ۷˾֮ǰҪһҡ
Ͼµ򣬽ҲҪ¶¶˾ȻվߵģΪҸɳȱ֮£Ҳ֮ܵĿѡ
Ҳ˵ʲôǸ˾ӴǾӱ𵱳ͱ֡
𺽣һǰ֮ء
ϣĸ׿β飬ôຣɽׯȻչţҲⲻˡ
ģôôˣ
û¶һҩݣ̾ҩ
ı֤Լκ׿ƣŷ
׿ƿҩĽģԽԽϲ
ûϲŮӣ׾ľͺܲ
׿ƻ£ͿںȲһûдˮҭȥ
Ӣô
붼ĺô
ΪΣ׾ĲúãԸֺãΪߣ׶ϲ
ô˵ɣϷΪˣˣŮˣĺڤҹˡ
ֱӽĺڤҹԶΪˡ
ĳúÿϣԸȫͬ
ûķʱӣ˵Ľĵÿ
ٰԼĶԽֳֻذõУ޸֮£׿Ʋˡ
ʵɣֻĵÿһҪԭǾڤҹǲǲ𰡣
һ·ǰҡ
ȵڵĳѾʮ֮ˣ·ϣдһŸүӣүѾյ˹ڱüҵһϢ
ǰģ˾¶¶һγҵʱΨүӴ
жӲ벻壿
ĶԴ֮һˣ𾳽磬Ϊ˵Ҳ㡣
ȻˣҸϲ
˵ţӽָóһѱѱǺöǵĵ¹ǵɽĵڶĹѨзֵģһ۾ѱʺ壬Ҫ˹
壬ǲ֪ҪѱʱĶ˰
ʱĳ棬ľͶĵĳԲ·Ƕĵĺãһѱ˵ϸļǮӢۣԶǧĲҪߺܶࡣ
ȻĻҲͲ˵ʲôˣлλСˣ
ҲǸﾫڿʱһһ۾ͿѱǺö
ڶϲʲô
һϲǱڶϲʲôڴ
壬㿴
ӣڵÿ׿Ƴǰʱ򣬲㣬ҵĹܼҶסˡ
׿׿ƣ
׿ƣĸףҵ֪Ȼ֪ĸױѺຣ֮С
һο׿ƵʱҹܼһΪԼ˻þеĿ׿ƵʱܼҲŷ׿ƻˣຣ˳
峤²ˣ׿ƻˡ
ɩӡô
ܼͬһ㲻ԼһУǰ˼һʱҪʲôȴͣ˽Ų
ߣһЩߣǴ֪ຣ˳Ȼ´׷ɱģ

1758 üҵ¶

1758  üҵ¶
㣬һλҪֻһ˵
׿˵һһλҪҪһ˵Ҫ˸ӦеĴۡ
ʱ峤ǰһһеĳ׼׿ƺĸӶˡ
û뵽㾹Ȼ˳
һμԼӣĸףҵ峤ֻһ仰
û뵽飬ء
׿ҧĿһΪ˼һԼĺӣ峤һоǰҲˡ
һӣɫĳ̣һԾ׼峤𹥻˲䣬
壬һң֡
̺Ǹмô궼չĸףҲĸԸΪĸײٿص
飬Ӧ֡
Ǵǰڣһ˶ˡ
ģ¶¶˾ƵһԣϾڲ飬Ҳò֡
ҵ󷨣󷨵ʱ㼱ˣ
磬ɶô־ɱ󷨣
ÿһͬɱ
Σռ飬Ծүߣ֪ĻΪףҪɱ峤
ߣΪһ˽㽫ĸ͵ຣɽׯֲϧһеݺٲ֮أգԵɣҲúúˣ
Ķŭˣҳ֮⣬ҲûֵĵطҲá
峤֪Ѿ𾳽磬չֳʵ֮ʱ֮˶оѹ־֮⡣
ɣ
Ҿ˶Ҳ𾳽Ķ֣ҵĽѾעˡ
ǣɱ˵ʱǰǰ
֪治ƽҲ֪˺ܶ飬ϾҵѪҺ岻ģֻŹһ·
֪ὫҲ׵׵ʧǽ硣
ΪҵһԱǲϲ˵Ŀʧ
ǰ̾һعͷŵ֪ڸĵˣҡҡͷ
ҳ꣬ǳ֣Ӧ壬ҷŹһ·
ǲ뿴ڱκǲڿᡣ
ɩӻˣĻҲԼĸף˱ԶԶ뿪ȥ˾ӣԼҪɡ
ңҲ̫ϣˣվʧǽ磬Ϊǽʷ֮бĴڡ
壬ȥ˾Ӱɣְ֮زʺ㡣
֣ķϲҼƽϣԲҺù
ˣǽˣʲôطһһĻ첻ȥˣȥ˾㡣
Цţĥͷ
ˣӦõΣúչĸףܿˣ߰ɣ
Ŀ˾ʧУعһˣűҲͬ顣
磬Ϊһ˽׿ƣݺֵ𾳽ΪҼǧһһ̤𾳽ǿߣ㣬ڹ
Ц⣬Ũҡ
˫ָ߽ҡ
ңһΪأȴӲĿǰʧ
ңʱˡ
һߣ뿪ҵľ˾ڵĳС
ϣĹ׿ǰ
ûֻع
ʲô׶֪
׿Ʋô᲻֪һʲôˡ
Լຣɽׯʱ䣬չȻףȴ˸ְ
ûĻˡ
ҪңȻĻҲκε֮⡣
ǲ֪嵽˾֮ʲôܲܳ԰׷ɡ
һ·ϣ׿˽⵽˾ӵһЩϢǶܲܰ׳԰׺˾Ӱɣֲõġ
̣Ҫ̽ҿ
¶¶۾ɵԶԶأ۶ڴ֮⣬ӿʩչʱرĺ棬ֻ˼ѯʡ
ǰ㣬Խ̽ǿôãȻһ˾Ҳɽľͷ˵Ŀܣʱ԰ſǿһԺҲһ¶
¶¶ߣҲѯſ顣
׿ЦЦԽǿǰСѾͷԽϲֻϧ˵ӡ
˿Լӣֿ˿˾ҲֻΪʲôûŮϲ
Ѿͷ¶¶Ѿͷһ顣
˵ʲô¶֪һ֪޲޲
¶¶ȴ׿Ƶ⣬֮׿ƿ˿ڣһŹ˽ķ档
ʲôûŮϲûϲŮӵȵȵȵȣ
ôˣ
̵裬һԼ׵˵ڵ⣬ʶۡ
壬ô߶߶ô
ϰˣϰ߾ͺá
ڿ׿Ƶʱǳ谮顣
Ȼǿó̶׵İĽ֮飬ȥֹû̵ĻҲῴڵף֮Ҫл岻ףĸԸΪ׿²ٿصĿܡ
һ·ϣ˵Ц֮۷˾ӡ
ڻ·ˡ
ү͵Ⱥ˾棬˵ֽѾд˹ڱüҵһЩ֣ӽĿе֪һЩΪؼڡ
̫˽⽪ˣֽмܿףѾͷһ֪顣
λǣ
뿴˿׿ƺ̶ˣ˽Լ׺塣
ԭ̰ķĴˣһȻ紫һ㡭ǱȴлҪһٰʮ
ʮĿ޻ǵ׿Ц¶¶̺ȥ˾ѡԺүǴŽȥ˾ӵ鷿
鷿֮Уѩƺһݸ㣬˿ĺүӣüߡ
㿴ɶֲܶСѾͷôһЩѡ
һѩƺͻûԼȴһ峤ı飬žͳơ
ѾͷϷ˵ʵڱüҶʲô
ѩƺĸ㣬Ŀ˿ѩƺֿ˿졣
үӣ֪ôһ֪ˣҪܵ
ǲǹɽͼ飿
˫Žĵı飬֪Լ¶ˡ
úصȻɽͼܲɷֵĹϵ
ү˵֪ǲ֪Ĵӽָóһֻ
ɽͼᣬúү֮ǰƺ֪Ҫȥüһдһš
üҷ齪ĶֽдҲóӲҸ֪ɽͼᣬɽͼҵ̵ʱүӻǾ㵲ѡ

1759 һ㶼ɰ

1759 һ㶼ɰ
ˣĻүӡ
ú֮ħֱʣлвҲС
˵ˣͣ
ʱһһֱȥѩƺ˽ǰ
ĵ˼˵ú֮ԭɽͼᣬǽɲó棬ԸԭħЩ˱üң֮ȥúؼѰɽͼᡣ
ɵ˵һҲûȥüΣÿһƷûзκα仯εıüһģһ
ʣǰµʱ䣬üҵٶһ㳾鷿ǽڣؼ֮ûгҲ˵˶ֽš
ȻЩνҪӱüѰҳʲô°¶ԼݣŽһе֤øɸɾⲻ֪ɡ
Щɶӣ
үӽ˫ȭеŭⲻɶƵıŷš
ͷһػǽİΣû뵽ͷȴ顣
үӣô룿
һоͰձú˵ȥӷյ͵ûзҳҺɵ֮⣬κ˶Ҫ顣
컺³һ֪ԣ򲻿ȥ˵ɵĺǲɹƵء
鷿б󷨣鷿ж˵ЩʲôվŽģһûҵɶүү֡
ƿţı㿴˱
Сӳ˲ô
ȫʱƼѪɫۼѾΪ˽տ꣬ò˵ü֮˵ʸߵ˶ʼɣɵ˵Сͽܡ
Ľ㣬ɱүүұüҵֿҵˡ
ҵˣڻС鲻һʱүү֮Ը˾ӣΪľܰȫĻȥ
֣ڱļϣĳĸ߱񣬾ӱʮ겻οСˡ
Ҫ𣬾ҪȥϵǿԼ㹻ʵɱħһжǰ׷ѡ
ȻСϰͺúõı죬˾ӿǴ˵ġ
ģ˲ݮǺ«ô
ԡ
ǰŸ˵˾ӲˣŽľͱֳһ˵ı׼
Σ˽˵Ǿ仰ӱʮ겻һҪгˣΪһ˸Ϊүү
ҹɫ˾ӡ
Ϊף׿ƺ̼˾ӣԳԻķʽףš
ȻȺٲ˲Բȵүӡ
أҴɽԺԺ˵䣡
үţʼԣΪȶ˾ƵԵʣ˵˵һһЦ󽫻תѩƺ
ƺϵܰǴүˣ͸үȥɣ
Ӽѩƺһ̿ʼүӾͲϵѩƺȴ࣬һתأĲ뿴ڵܿˡ
ϵܰүˣ
˵ţүӶžƱߵѩƺǰһ¾Ҫ¹򣬺סүӡ
ʦСһ㡣
û¶еȶˡ
үӸû¹򣬷һĻֻΪȶˣûµЩڵϡ
ʱ伸챻߶ţѩƺƢûзŭһԵĽīžƱӶ̵ĺε̾һ
ҪȻȥǸɣϼһһģĻԺӱȻĲϡ
īԼͷ֤Ը񣬵ѩƺӦĻס
֮£ѩƺֻܵͷ̸
ϵ̫ˣǴү׸簡

ⱲݶҵѼˡ
գֱ֮ʽĲ𴲡
ѵõӣĴɫ˶˾йţѩƺżŽյĲ֧
ɵǼɡ
ţǰС廹˵û뵽˼㡣
һͨѩƺżʾ֣˱ϡ
治С˲Ǯɡ
ǮǮˣԶԤٶȡ
ѩƺ˱Ƶ˽ǰָһ˱ǵĵطϸ
㿴ʾķѵĲˮȽ϶࣬˵ˮ֮ṩģһ֮Ҫ취ٲǡ
ٺ٣ɵľǣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһܵĵգκ¶¶ͻ
ûżռ֣֮㶼һΣˮҲˡ
㸺һ㸺¶¶㸺Ҹ
ã
īϲ˵űĸСѾͷƬڹҴܵӰֲӡ
ʼ޵׼ۡ
īľһľȻʲôϹԶŵıǵõľլҪֵҲ
մʱĵ˽õ̲һһ͵һ¥ԸĿǰ
޶͵Ʒ
ŵǰľӣװһڽӽװɫҺ壬˲Щ棬Ӵűӳһڣ˿ĸо͸һɵĲ㣬𣬿ڸв
ΪǺ
̲裡
һѾַϣ˻ص˺̨ʣµļ̲衣
ЧΡ
оϻǲġ
ʱ˱Ľį̄һ̵̲ĺ
ǼСѾͷƬӲ̲ɡ
ҪȻأҶҲ֪ģȺ˺Ȳ͸Ͱ׿ˮһ绻̲衣
Ҳǣ
īҲʵۣЩ˺ȲƷһҪǺòҶ˻ر˷ѣСѾͷ˵Ҳһ⡣С壬ǺΣ
˵˵ţĺͽī˵˱
ô˵أ
īüͷӦʲôʵĴݱ
ʼߣһеĺӣгҲҵ·
߲·ħҪĵǱǺӻᱻ±ԼԣħˣǾͲðˡ
ǻҪͷˣ⺢Ӿͽˡ
֪ˣûУٸһ
ŵڶ̲裬īȻһķӡ
СѾͷƬǣ˵ŪһЩĹ֭ߵʲôΣ
Сʱ䣬ء
Ļ֪ī˵ЩҪԭΪԼˣҪԼѡ
˴ѾϵˣԶԶر㿴Բȵүֵˣǲһ㶼ʹˡ
СѾͷţϷˣûϷ򣿡
ȫûСүӣɽԺǲĽҲˣզ˾ӲԲأ
ĵĻ⵽һٰۡ
ʲôǣ⻰˵ļˣϷʦϷȻҲ˾ӵˣ㶫ĥĥ߶߶ģһ㶼ɰ

1760 

1760 
ү˾ӵĿһǲԲȣҲΪ顣
ѩƺӦүҪǰɽԺĺɽȥһ·ܷ࣬飬ٳûжүӵĿĸѩƺȥһࡣ
ҹɫɽԺɽ
ģīѩƺԼүվںɽһɽ֮ǰүӵɫֱˣ֮ϣ
ƺϵܣͽˡ
ֻȥһ顣
ǿڽĵϣŲ飬ʱ仹ദ˾ӵ˱ˡ
úúãϸһģ
ѩƺĪΣĺͽīֶ˿˱˴һۣүһѩƺ˺ɽѨ֮С
̤붴Ѩһɲǿʼǿķӡ㽫ѹŵ޷ĸѾ𾳽磬˴ķӡȻ˵ǿҡ
үӣķӡǺ£Ϊǿ󣿡
ܹţǿķӡҲ޷ʩУܽ粼ɽɽУҪôǿΪѲЩԻصԶô
ӡԪģ
̾һү˵Źڷӡ
ΪеţԪɲ˼Ķͺñ󷨡
󷨶ѰûκôΪ̤֮ڣоѹҲŴߵΪߵͣʩӲ̶ͬȵѹ
һ仰˵ΪԽߣܸܵѹָоԽǿңǵĵʱ򣬸ܸܵǰδеѹϢ֮С
ģīѩƺ˷׷ĨԼǺΪϢŵԴϢ
ͷİɣ
īһ죬ôԽϼһڹⱨͷ
īϵ⻰ʱĿɾ˼ˣϸô
ǡ
īǿ϶ˣӸڻǳ
ܿ죬һߵ˾ͷ֮󣬱һƬ
ֻҪһԵɽĵĹѨҪСģ򲻿ҴԶʧС
үǰīĺѩƺһƬ֮У˶˻
УĵεΡ
Ȼ֪ΪΣѩƺԼδĻ棬һһŮںӱߣŮڴִǷۺϣ۳ĿŰŮӡ
ŻһһС£ѩƺİĻ棬־ЩϤ
ιɶôÿ
īѩƺ˼һѩƺŵķҲûʲôÿĵض
һ˺һŮˡ
ѩƺ뽪ī˵ԼĻ棬ǰүһ˵ǷԪ飬ѩƺԪתûˡ
ͷӣ任Ļ󣬹ѩƺ߰ɣ
ûֿܣҽīǼͲö֪ˣһҲֻеȵܾ֮嶨ۡ
ѩƺǲתһлд
ڣڴһƬ֮һǰ
޴֮ߣŵ߶ŷ䣬һֹЩ˴УΪ˷ֹ뿪
ˣȥɣ
˷ӡҲԶʾѩƺһЩȥڽīͽ׼ȥʱȴֹ˶ˡ
ϷѩƺԲ¶أ
컰кǼᶨҰһ˿˿Բıƺ֪һЩᷢ
Ŀ˿īֿ˿үӣĽͣ
үӣǲ֪Щʲô
ȷ֪һЩʲôģǧټƵƭŸɵɽĿĵΪʲôһԼʦһԼĸɵ뿴κһΪѡ

ŽʳڵĻ̾һ
ΪʦʵĽѣ˶ѣ
ħ̫أǽȻҲΪһ߱˲ٿصȥǿܣΪǰɽԺԺĽ־Բܱ˲ٿء
ˣ÷˽ҡ
ڽɽǰһϣѾѩƺ˵˹ڷһ飬ҪħֻҪɷԸеִɡ
еִǲɢô
Ψһܾȷķӡ
ֻܾ˷࣬Ҳǽ硣
޷÷еִȥ³Ȼͱúһ
ʼϷȷȷʵʵѩƺص˵УɱúصҲ
úصʬԾûҵһǱħȺˣǲĻȻᱻɿܣԱúǿΪˣΪħĿܱǽشв
Ƿĳһ챻ħץȥĺˣʹѩƺͷһ̡
ҲԸ⿴Ľ֣ǡûа취֮еİ취
ҲۣҲʣҲԸ⣬ʲôӡ
ӣܲĳүӵı
ʱ֮ڣѩƺһڰĵ֮УеҹɢŹâһƬء

һײ˷𣬺Ȼ䣬һӰ˳֮ȫһƬǱֲֿ쳣
ҹҫ£ѩƺſʮ֮Ůӡ
ŮӳѾϵڵϣεһŲҰ׵ɫһ䡣
ɣŮӱǷࡣ
ԭɷħķҪ˺ҧصţڿǰ֮ʱϵıһӱ
Ԫ졭
֪Ѿжûп˵ˣɬĽԪ֡
֣ҪѩƺգоȻһһˮϵڵϡ
Ԫ졭
ѩƺվԭأŮӣջǰվڷǰ
Ԫ죬㣬ˣ
̫õʱ䣬ټѾħǣԪˣʲôطɲ֪ΪΣһ޷˵ıˡ

ѩƺ֣ظŷգůһһ㡣
Ըһ뿪
ãӴԺ󡭡ȥҡȥ
ȻħԾɼǵõԡ
ѩƺӻóһҩ˷С
öҩһͬȥ뿪䡣
ţġ
಻κԥҩȥܿģҩҩЧڴڲʼɷΪһĲʳŷе֪
öҩѩƺ֮нģҲģĿıѩƺ˷࣬׵׵Ľˡ
ڵҩ£ڻɢ
ʱ񽥽ָôһοҲһοˣڡ
Ԫ죬ллһγ֣
Цţ˫ֽѩƺգĲᡣ
գҩڷӵµʱ򣬷ʧˣʧĳ׵ףֻʣһص
ѩƺվԭأʧǰķ֪࣬ΪΣгʹ޷ݡ

1761 ʱɻ

1761 ʱɻ
ѩƺӵ߳ʱ򣬽зǰԼС
ʱ֪Ѿˡ
ƺϵܣлˣ
ѩƺû죬ת뿪˶Ѩ
ɵôˣ
鲻ðɣĵ飬˶鲻ˬġ
īһ죬м֮⡣
ȻΪͶ϶ѩƺԪתҲѩƺƽһţеΪֿҲΪϸ塣
һΪȥѩƺһĸ
ɵһ˶һɣͷǲӦͣǳһٴͣ
ȻϷĺȥ˾Ӱһϯл
һʱʱ䣬īͽֶ˻ص˾ӣǰŸո̤˾ӣž¶ˡ
ô¶ô¶Ⱥ˾ôˣ
ΪҪ飬һͽȺ˾֡
ô¶أ
£ľǼ򵥣ԯһ˿һ֣Ǻԯһ˱㳤˶۸С壬˾˿ȥСԿԯһ壬ԽĴ˫á
ԯһ壿
ԯһ壬ĳҪľģıԯء
Ϊԯһ֮һԯز֪ܲԯһ˻˾ʲô
īͽĶ˸յܸܵǿϢ֮䡣
룬£ټͬһߵǿ߶ԯһǿߡ
壬ǿʲôʱôֵǮˣ
Ϊǽ٣ʹ쾳۷̤Ǹżź҇Nɪ
īһĿԯһˣ𾳽ǿиãҪ֪̤𾳽ҲŵȺôЩ
Ϳԯһ岻ˬˣҪΪ˱ֶŮһѩƺɱԯһĴӪɱĸɸɾ
˫ֲµʱһϮµ۵ĽīһϮɫ˶Ľĳǰ
λĹô
һīĿ⿴ԯһ𾳽۷֣ϵѹޱıŷţ׵׵Ľ߸˵Ϣʤѹơ
ǣô˶Դˣƶ˵Ļô
īعͷһˣмѵ֮⡣
ֲˣֱᣬᵽΪֹ
֪ˣ壡
ϲīָԣ໵һһȵǰԯһ˻սһߣ뿿ûаԼҵ˼״Ҳȥ
һʱ䣬䶷ݣǽһҡ
ıҺڻĵطһſ籣Լ֮ܿϷ
ò˵ԯһ廹ʵΪҲҪ˭˻һưͿԯһʾ˾ӣһ֣ɣ
һ֮ս½
ԯһ߸˱ĺ޻֮ºȻҲ˲ʣȴûˣ˶սԯһʤսȻǽ
һС壬ţֻȽϵ͵ѡ
ҵֵģ뿴һûʲôöȥףһ֣û뵽ԯҵЩ
٣ǣǺԯҸºһȻǰֵԿԯһ壬ԲŻᷢǰһĻ
˰ԯһ߸˴İҽīͽĶû֣˵Ŀԯһ˾ǻߣ˾ӾȻڶĸ֣ҪȨһˡ
˵ɣô⳥ԯһջĹز˵ٺöӪҵ
һĨЦ⸡ڽĵĴ֮ϣ˿ŽϵЦݣ˾ǿǮ
ҲȺƣһ仰ǮһҪ㹻ſԡ
룬£ǰԯһѹ֮Уһ˻ȥǮͳԯһȻǽңǸеĹҪصģԯһ֮ˡ
ǣ
ټֵһһԯһ뿪ˣֻһ˸ԯӿš
˵ʵǮǮĽȻҲ⣬ĵԯô飬ڴ
ʱīǰ˿ģСҪʲô˵ͷӽָ˳
ʲôǽҲʵѵõĶ޼ۡ
һĵ鷢ԯһӰڵϣɵԯһ˱ض˾ӻޣһ˾ӵһЩ˿ͣҪĺͽīֶţ֮󣬷ǵٿԴ֮ࡣ
λյλʣҲһԪ˾͸ڳλԵˡ
ī˵ͣ仰ʱһ˫ۣ˾ĪǷ˲ɣûмǧĲһļ۸еģ͡Ľ˺Ϳ
棬ƶ˫ԵȡԵˣһһ͸λʩ
˵ţīһӣһɫĲס˫ۣеķָָԶһŮӣѰŽīָŵķ򽫵һŮӡ
ڶˣڽīָ£Ľ͵˵ڶ˵С
õĽĿϾǹʡ
Ϊˣⲻ֪īԼ뷨˶ǽӵܣԯһſҪûǮɲʧȥ
ש񣬾
ĻˣǽīͽֶԤϵһûΪϴԯһ¶٣֮һƱһƱѾŵס
֮˾ӡ
ԴɽԺɽ֮յʱ䶼û˾ˡ
ʦôˣǲˣ
¶¶ǵģ˷Ļʦ׼ʱԷȻ׼ʱ뿪ôʱ䶼ʦӰӡ
ɶԭͷ»Ǯ
īſɿڵķˣ˵ʱ۶Ǳӡ
һͻǮûг˾ӣôˣɽԺԺôôţٵģ
ӣ˵ԽԽˣ
īκȣڽߵκЦţҪ˵ʲôʱ̧ͷ˿˾ӵˡ
Ҳ˾޵У˾ټ˾ռ峤ʱæӦ
˾޵ڼ˾ʱתͷ˿¶¶彣ü
ʲôʱɻ飿
ۡ
һڲˮδʵ¶¶˾޵仰ŵЩǺ

1762 Զżޣ

1762 Զżޣ
˾ռҵϣľ˾ռøϽӣǣ˾޵ڿ¶¶δеʱ򣬶˾Щʧ
峤δʱ򣬵һж֮Һ¶¶Ȼɻġ
ǾͺãϽ飬ϽӣϷָˡ
˾޵˵һ˾ռָˣԽһеϣѹ˾ϡ
˾峤ʲôˡ
˾޵еĳ֣ҲǸо죬æӦ
ʱж˳˾ӣЩãȻĿ˿ˣԺӵĸ֣˭˾ӵ¡
λʲôô
ίġ
˳Ž˵ԼҪί˾ӵ
ϴŵ·صĺܣеĻ˲
ɽµСɽ壬Դǽǽٽ֮󣬱вħɽׯɽɽһȪۣȪСɽҪػʥء
ڣħԽƵ֣Сɽ˵ˣׯŶСɽȫĻٶ˾
ҲߣΪ𾨴ǲ߲շдɽµ޴ׯġ
ҵ죬޴ׯԵش˾ӾǳҲʱ䣬Ǿôģ
ʵû˱ķӣλȾ޴壬ʥȪ
˵ţ˹˵ϣҽ޴еǮ˽ģֻ˾ܽ
룬£˾¶¶ĸȥ޴壬ȥ
ã
ĸ˼򵥵һװ޴Ķ뿪˾ӣ뿪֮ǰ˾˾޵
峤·ͻȻ㲻дˣȥ޴塣
ȥɣϷһҽĵģҪչ¶¶
˴޴Ķ뿪˾ӣ˾޵пһϵķ˲Ծſˮ
κȼ״ӣʾ˾޵
˾峤ȥȲˣʲôģ
κȻ֪˾޵˭ǴϸܵǿߵϢ
ֶŮȥˡ
īҲ뿪˾ӡ
ѩƺһ˾޵к뽪һȥ鷿˱
Ҳ뿪ˣʱ˾Ժֻʣ˽ĺ˾޵жˣʱκȶ˼õȲ˷˶ǰֶ̺õľˮתȥ
˾峤ң֪ν£
ĸ˾޵һƣʵĺ˾޵һ˾ӣԳֵĿΪʲô
ʳ
ſɿڵķˣ˾޵жžƱ̵ĺƣšŵüҲչ
Ʋ¶ǰ뱥֮˾޵Ҳͽӣֱ˵Լ˾ӵĿġ
ǰɽһҪ飬֪üҵ֮󣬱˾һʽĹɽͼ顣
úص鱾峤Ѿ֪ħ˽úصʬߣɽɿܣպԸˡ
Ǻһƣ˾޵пŽġ
峤ĿֻһɽͼС
˾޵˵ɽͼἸֵʱ򣬽ЦţһлĺүԤϵһ
Ӧý˾峤Ҫ˾壿
νŲͬ𣬽ĵȴ˾޵еĻش
˾޵пŽģأһĨЦ⸡һ겻ϡ
ˣȻ˱峤ҲȥˣҪ֪һ飬ɽͼǽ˵Ҫ壬˾ռҲ˲ᣬһգǽ綼֪ɽͼУʱ򲻽ħ磬ЩΪɵ֮ҲΧ˾ӡ
˾޵ھ潪ģĪҪɽͼй¶ȥ˾ԵĲħˡ
л˾̻壬һЩл⡣
һӣһѳ˾޵ǰ
˾޵пǰѳʱɫһ㣬˾һ峤ĶȻǺö
Զ񽣣¹ǵĹѨзֵı֮⣬Ȼ֪Ϲһ彣彣˾޵С
ʱ˾ķʲô˾һ嶦ֻϣ˾һԹ۲бɡ
ţԴӦ㡣
һӣ˾޵кȻĽУȻյѾ𰸣Ҳ˾˷ʱˡ
֮ʱ˾޵Ӹһƣͺ͵˾հƲ࣬ʲһ
ֻҪóƣ峤ԴӦʮ飬κ鶼УҪ峤Ȣ㣡
˾޵еʧڿУŽɫâƣϵЦݱжôĽӲˡ
ǺöˣǶ˾޵еĺһ仰Ҫװ
ɲΪ˾˾ջĺ裬;ȫëը
鷿УĽ˾޵е˵ѩƺһ
ȥǣʱķʲô飬ɵ˾޵˻ְġ
ãȥ׷ˣ
ŵʱ˱񣬽ĲĿűеɫ
Сӣôһˬı顣
Ľ㣬̫ˣ˾ӵûУҪҲûС
űı飬һӣһӳУ˱Ĳϡ
أڲþЩúõĸʦÿ鱻ɱεʱת飬㰲úС
Ľ㡭
֪ԼʲôöûУ˾ӵÿһ˶׵ܵһİţñҪ֤ԼǷ
ûʲôǣһҪúõҲҪ崦飬ҪҸɵ˾ӵ飬㣬˾ӾͺúõŬ
űļ򣬽һԾ뿪˾ӣɽׯķȥ
Ȼ׷ˣҲֻշֱ޴ˡ
Ҫнյʱܵ޴壬ʱǰɽ塣
ԶԶĿȥɽµ޴ѾݻٵĿ˷棬ɻɽУػһʥȪ
ףɽдޡ
һʱδֵվڽߣɽеϢȷ˵ɽд޴ڡ
ޣô
ԶżĴޣӦԶŻ缶𣡡
۾ԶŻ缶޵Ϣ
ԶŻ缶𣿡
ּһ㶼ǳڵ£ûв´ĻӦǽٵԭЩ˯еľޡ
˵ţһ˻صɽУһƬѹѹڸɽԼɽµ޴塣
ںѹ֮ʮͷħ޺ХųɽۿžҪׯǧһ֮ʣ˫ֽӡγǿĽ罫ħ赲⡣
ȻǾ׻
׻ħбȽǿĴڣһ㲻ɽˣ˵ּľ׻һ㶼߰Ĵڣ壬ֻǿĶֲǵս⡣
ΪҪǣ׻Ƕӣͷ׻Ǳضһ񡭡ʮͷ׻Ȼ֣˷˼

1763 ޴

1763 ޴
ʮͷ׻ڽǰȻ赲˽֮⣬Ȼצš
ʱԭƻһ춼Ҳڽ֮С
ģôһģЩǾ׻
һ潪ôһ޴壬һҲǺ棬׻ôȺӵĳ֣߼
СһЩЩ׻ɽлԶżĻޡ
Զż𻹻ޡһεʲôޣ
ת޴һ·Ȼ˵һЩɽѹϹž޵һЩϢĿ˵Ŵ޾ȻԶżĻޣӿЩˡ
Ǵ峤أ
ɽ޴峤ʲôطָָվŵƬأѾѪɫȾ죬վŵƬؾǴ峤֮ء
뿴˿£æÿһ
ĪĪ֪
վ˼ҵķضϻǲõģɨһɽ壬޴岻С˻Ѿ߹ˣֻʣһЩػʥȪ˻ƴֿš
ʥȪ浽ʲôֵȺ׻ԼҲҪƽ硣
ɽ񣬵֮ʲôܣЩ׻ԼҲҪײ硣
Ҳ֪ػʥȪʥȪҲɽ壬Ǻǽٽ٣ʥȪķӡƻˣЩħ޾Ϳʼˡ
ʼ޴ǻʥȪֿħޣǺʥȪڼɽħһһε֮˲أӵߵߣʣػʥȪҲʣˡ
ڴ峤ʱ֮ǰȥ˾Ҳ֪˾ӵЩֻжʮֵֵΡ
ֱһ̣޴Ķ˻ŽˣϾǿħ޾峤ҲûзӦԣħ޵Ϣƾǰļ꣬ܰ޴ȹǰѹô
Ĳû޴ʲôҪŪһ飬ʥȪʲôþ׻˱ꡣ
峤ķʲôط
ڽֵĽͷ
ָԶķӣǴ峤ǰסĵط
ܹάʱ䲻ħϮļ˴峤ķ䣬ѰŹʥȪϢ
˾һѰŹʥȪص鼮һŽ˾޵к˵ʲô
˾峤˽⣬峤κξٶǾؿǵģ˵һҪ顣
ģ峤Ϊʲô¶
üҵ飬㻹ǵڱüҷֵǸռɡ
˵Źڻռɽͼ飬˵ڻռ֮еʯңԼ˵ɽͼᣬδ˵ڶλصüҷֵĺӺӵ顣
Ǿ仰˾ΪҪ˾˵İȫŲܽ˵
˾޵ϼһѾµɽͼȫӦԼУҲţ˾޵㲻˵ȥģԼĺô
üҵȷȷʵʵǽ˲С𶯡
˾Ҳ֪ҲһֻﲢδԼ˵ѡţȵʱ֮󣬽һ˵ġ
ǰúΪǽһĸ֣ҲħУǰûЩνɵĽͣüҲ䵽ز
üҵĽ֣֪ΪɽͼᣬЩ֮˸ɳ黹ħħֻڱˣһЩıֶΣʵ˲ݡ
ǽ磬ֻҪ㹻ǿȥСֻб۸ķݶ
ҵˣ
¶¶һᣬ̯ŹʥȪ֡
ʥȪԶʱڵһȪۣеˮӵǿκμľ޶ڽԵ߶ɽʧܵʱΪȪеȪˮ
һǲΪԶżĻ޽ҪʥȪóȪˮԲŻָʹ׻ħ˵ľٶ
ھ˾Զʱ䣬ʥȪȪˮѾϡٵΪĵزȪۼɺԣŹ˶ãʥȪͻ᳹׵׵ʧǽС
ΪǽٵĽƻʥȪķӡʥȪеȪˮŻʧô
˵ĻʥȪȫʧ֮ǰȻһɽʱ˵ɽˣ½Ҫһƽ١
İ˫˿ˣԶżĻӵǿԶŴ£ǵӦԡ
ȻһˣͲƽ޹ʵĻȥҪЩʲôźá
һܲĽ顣
Ŀ˿˾¶¶µ˵Լļƻ
ԶżĻ޳ɽʱŪǽͻȻʥȪȪˮϣȰסޡ
٣ܰǽٽĻһһЩû޴£ʱ˭ҲԤ
ȻΣ֮ʣȴΨһİ취
˵ͷͬ˽ĵ
ڽ׼ȡʥȪȪˮ֮ʱȴ޴Ĵֹˡ
ҪʲôǹӶʥȪģʥȪȪˮġ
޴񱣻ʥȪ֮ǰǼƺֻҪ˸ǰǾͻƴһ
ǲë
¿ǰļ޴񣬶ʱ򻹻ʥȪȪˮʥȪȪˮҪҪ
޴ʥȪǸȪˮҲҪֹ㡣
ģ޴񲻴ýĴȪˮ
Ҳżƿջ˽ָǰָָ֮ɽ
Ҹ㣬ɽмһͷԶżĻޣǻȫѣ˵޴壬˵ʥȪ½ǽ綼꣬˵ʥȪȪˮҪǽҪ
ҹǲ׼ʥȪ
޴βػŵʥȪԲߣԲԡ
ǻķ˽Ǯ˾ӵʥȪû뵽Ⱥ˾ȻһȺ޳ܷĵޣ
˺ݺݵһڿˮͺڣĺڻȥ˾ӵ
޴仰˵Ц
һ飬޴˾ʮ˾ӽһҪһʮǣҲ޴壬񿴵̬ȣҪƢʹȺˡ
ĻҲ˵ģģЩ˵˼̲һжŶԼķȥ룬˷ǵĺġ
ȻˣҲбҪڰ¶ˣΥԼһٱĳ㡣
ֱڵһʮһӣ޴ΧĽ羡ʧ
ڽʧһ˲䣬ľ׻໵һ˽һĻ޴˲üȾܣʲôػʥȪĻȫ֮Ժ
ھ׻ĿֻʥȪδ׷Щܵ޴
ھ׻׼ʥȪȡȪˮʱһ׻ɡ
µ˲δԶߣȻǲڱ޴壬һˣûΪĳЩ˴л

1764 ʨӣ

1764 ʨӣ
ףȪˮǴߣȥޡ
֪Լ˵Ļ׻ס
ҽһһɱ
ÿһȫǿѹ֮ŷһ֣׻ܵŨҵɱ⣬ˡ
֪࣬𾳽ǿߣ֪Լʲô
׻ԣʾ⽪ôĺʲô
Ȼֻ֪Ҫ㽫Ҵ޵ǰʣµȻ޹أҲ뱻ū۰ɡ
˫ֶż¿ž׻
׻ӣƬ֮󣬽ʥȪλ˳Ĭ˵ĽĵĻ
ħеߣ񱻻֧ٿУÿһͷ׻Ϊˬңһǽ׵׵ĳΪū͡
ŲĳΪū뷨׻뽪ĵ˴˺
ʥȪȪˮһˮҪʥȪȪˮװУҪѪףҶѪҺļҲʮֿ
ĸָѪɫƿУƿҲĹѨзֵıԴ洢޵ˮҲԱκһˮƻ
λ·ɣǼ£ȥȥͻء
զλԼȥҲ̫ǵˡ
˽һۣǳԼΪ߾ͿԺô
˵ûԭҰˣȥһȥرһء
Цţߵߡ
˾¶¶Ȼû˵֮еɫѾ˵һС
Σգ
ΪΣգŸҪһȥˣīˣôԽԽүˡ
벻Ὢģھ׻ɽ
ż˵Ӱε̾һЩǡɵÿɰ
ʮͷ׻ǰģ룬£˾¶¶˸֮ʣڽɽڲ
һѵֱͨɽס
ףǰʯ֮ԶŻޣһҪСġ
š
죬СѾʮ׼ԷԶżĻޣһǻκ˺׵ľٶǶƴ׵ġ
Ȼ˵һ˾ͷ֮һʯס˵ȥ·
ʯ̻һӡӡ˸ŵɫâʮͷ׻ָָͣʯ֮ǻޡ
ҪҵĻ޾Уס˵Ļ
£ʮͷ׻Զֻʣ½ĵվʯǰ
Ľ㣬㿴¹ǵĹϿǸͼڡ
¶¶ָָʯϵһǣȻЩģȷȷʵʵĸ¹ǵ¿Ǹͼ
֨һִͼڵʱʯžȻԼ
ҡʲôû
ʯһһĴ򿪣ǿѹ֮ǵصϮҲ񾭡
⻹̤𾳽֮һθܵŨҵѹԶżĻޡ
ͬʱʯ֮ҲһصͺһϵػصԺ֮С
ȺˣΪδűߡ
֮Уÿһһ仰ѹģΪĵ˵ΪѾ𾳽磬͹˵ϸƳ¶¶ǿ˽ָεΧϢ
Ȼ䣬𣬽ģ룬£¶¶˾˱ʯ֮УʯҲ˹رա
һƬ֮УǺһķϵϮ˵ϾǷĵһ㡣
ʱһ˫ɫ۾Ȼǰ
Сģף
һ֮糯ŽķʱԼٶȳֳ֣ĵ˱УС׻β̬ҲվһԣָɱģڽС
˪βǺǲþûгԵζʳˣҲ͡⡭⡭񣡡
Ǳ©Ļͺ۷ͻȻһһһ仰϶˵
üһ壬â󿪡
Ȼâҫ޴ʯҵʱǻ֮ŵѹ˲ɢһǵĻ֮Ҳʧĳ׵ףΧһĸǰ
ʯҴզ࣬Ǻǣʱһͷɫë׵Сʨӳǰ˵СʨҲ񣬵Ǵ˵е룬ҲȫˣǰëֻèСļһﵽǸʲôĶѲǻޣܰɣ
Ժ˸ֿԣɶˣƫƫǰèһĳɫʨӵļһǻޡ
񡭡ˣҵþãôأ
ʨӵߵߵС鲽ܵǰ÷˶ԴŽĵȣǵģ쾻С׿쳣Ķʼɡ
ȥˣ
βһβɨ˰ʨӣʨҲ͹һܵ˽ߡ
ⶼˣ㰡㰡
ʨӿ޵ǽһγϣǽһ˺ѷΣһĻýĽüͷ
ò²⣬ͷཱུİʨһ͹йϵҽΪ˹
ȿȣȻ֪ˣΪλҪˣ
ˣ
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ҲܹҰ͸˵ȥɽ٣ɽٻ֮ⶼ˶ˣһʱûϳ
ʨſڽĵߣһ˫۾ĿŽģ˵ŵ뿪ʱ򽻴顣
ԶŴս֮󣬰ʨ䵽˴֪˶õ£֮˹񣬶Ϊ˹Ļޡ
ദĹУ˵һһ֮꣬һ죬˵ԼҪȥɽ٣䲻֪Σţһ
ްʨӾôոһѸһĵţҲʱĺ˯˹ȥȵʱÿڿʣЩСȥˮȣû뵽ȴ˻Ĺ
㣬㣬Ȼǰ࣬ҼǵϢ
޺ȷľǵĹһǣûˣ
һȥҶҪȥ
迿ˣ
С׳Դˣޣǵᡣ
ҪʥȪֻҪˮʣ
֮ûԶûˮȣȺСһȥҵˮ
޺ǲ⣬Ϊɶʲô¶һ
ûʲô
˱Ϊһսû뵽ȴһĻ
ڻƤ֮£Ĳò˻ԼĳСĲвеġ
βͱˣǰɶԵĵطǸôʵڲдȢ㣡

Сײ޻ص˽ָС
ǻޣ
֪СΪԻ˵Ǻ档
ȻڳԵķһЩǰ쵱ţĻޣĴӵҲſ¹
棬ʮǿĴڣǰûôɱֻһͳƣԴӴ֮ŷֱΪͬ壬ɢͬ硣
ۡȻôϹźľ޵ڵ

1765 

1765  
¶¶ʯзϹźľ޵ڵȥһŵĻǮء
СѾͷһ£ЩϹźľڵԶžڵ
ϹźԶŵ𣬾ԶŵʱΪԶΪǿ
ȻЩԶž޵ڵĽЩΪѰҹ䣬׷ƣһһջ۾һصӡ
ЩӶ˵ûκôװƷռÿռ䡣
壬ܲһЩ
壿
¶¶壬üͷ
кģȫ㡣
˧Ļ޸磬ˣ
¶¶һ仰û϶Ц⣬Ҫ˭ֹĻһȥúһ׿ɰСѾͷ
¶¶룬º˾ĸ˸ʯҶѨеȫԶžڵҪû˾ӣһۡ
ޣҪǻ˾ӵĻҪؼ򡣡
ģ˵򣬾ǼٸҲû⣬ֻҪܸߡ
ץ˽Ĳ֣κӦ
ãһ涨ǰ¶
ڶ˺˾Լ޹֮ˡ
㣬һӸָӹ򡣡
û⣡
޺ˬĴӦ˾ҲԶž޵ڵȫװ
˵ʵ벻Լ˴ɽһл˵ջԶŻޡ
ɽĳг۷˾Ѿʮ֮ˡ
˵ԶżĴޣ˷һʮص⣬δ
ϵĻ޾Ǻȶһµǽһģϴ󿴵ĶֱüͷɻƫƫؽָУҪúõĿʲôӡ
Ż
ףǲǳʺˣԶȥ
ĿŻޣĵĺܡ
ڣһ˻ص˾ӡ
ŻһҪء
ǻˣɽһпɻã
̫á
ҡҡͷʾһк⡣
յ˵ûʲôõ飬ȴΪɽ
Ҳ˵ͷ˵ɽׯ顣
˽Ҽ٣޴Ĵ⡣
ǿУӳһʮʱǾȻΣյʱǿ
ˣȥϴϴɣ
׼뿪ʱѩƺס˽ġ
ô˸ɵ
ĳëҪȫô
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ѩƺ仰˹Ц
ɵһٺͣȥϴһ£ëԼ棡
ëĻԺУѩƺţһ˫۾ѩƺ
ǻޣԶŻޣŲʲôëעԼôʣŲӷַӳ㡣
ȫ±ŷǿɱѩƺѹͲ»ޣǰһץס޵ëͨһӽˮС
Ҫ˾ӣϴɾ˵㽫ȾҸŮһὫһ˵ˡ
ѩƺˢֱӿʼϴޣһʼĻһ˺ͽĶ˷ŵĶԻһӾˡ
ѩƺн񱣬ëĶ࣬ĵ³Ժеƺ㿴¼ϱɹĻһίı顣
ԶŻޣ䵽أ
ģ¶¶ˣ
һӷˣѩƺʢһ뷹ġ
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۶û˵ֱʮֻoļ۸ɽ
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ϾԺ˾ӻҪѩƺιʳʲô˵㣬̬ȻҪһЩźá

С壬һʱճΣ
һߺ̲һŽī뿪ʱʲôзʲô顣
ǮĽīһԶȥˣһöָ˼ǰ
ԯһӦò²ץЩ֮оԯһĹӣ˵ԯһһμ̳ѡ֮һ
ֽԯ־ԯ־ζ벻ԼȻᱻ˾ӵ廨η
ϾԯһƻĹأԼԯҵݿʼҫ˵ı˵ץԯһ㹻ɣҪôǾǮ
ԯһ˲ⲻոշûãԯ־뿪֮ǰ˺ݻ˾ӵ˺ÿ
ÿǳѽÿ˵ġ
Цţͽī˵Ǵȥɽһз飬һ˵˹ڼٵɽͼ¡
ȷ£ǰջ˽ɽͼľõͨǵȥ
Сôģ
֪ǾǼٵģīȻҲ֪
ֱ׵˵ɽͼǼٵĻǱȻ˵ʡ
ī˾鷳㽫˵Ϣ˵һǽ˾ɽͼᡣ
ڵʱǻɣϾɽͼغ̣̱Բٿǽɽͼֵʱ˵ıǾ㵣įڱӡ
ٵģ
ţΪߣɽͼһۣȻǺܾǰ飬ɽͼȷȷʵʵǼٵġ
īɽͼ˾Ӷ֮ĹϵƲøɸɾκйصϢɽͼڽС
ǽֲƷ
ԣƷҲٵȷѪꡣ
ǽעǲƽˣ֮У۱ҲǼȤġ
ҹɫ˾ӣүֲŵ˾ӲԲȡ
үӣɽԺǲĽҲˣҪҾôԲǲ̫ˡ
壿ƨϷǵʦһٷɡ
ԹԵĳһ߳ŻһŽĲĲ
ϺǣһֻôĹ
ʦǻޣԶżĻޡ
¶¶֪죬ʯǰɽʱֵģǹ
ޣԶżľô
Źͷһϴ·ĻޣúõһԶŻ˾ӻ쵽زҰ
ˣϷһǣôϷϷǴǮģ
һۣôŵô
˵Ĵ𰸣ǵģ
ȿŸţ˵֡
žһӻóһöָ˽ĵǰ
ĶһҪȥĵطǲ½Ӵԯһ壬Ƿıǡ
½½ԼΪʲôҪѾи½˾ӣ
ʵ˺档
żһɫˡ
ǲвǻһʯߴ½
ںңһǺúί˾ȥ
أһǶȥߴ½ĻðŽߴ½īҵ峤˵һϷж
үӣţŵĽ񡣡
УʦⲻǿȫϵߣǮҲ٣Բ˾ӴӦģ˵ˣ˳ŶѣôСô
춼Ѿ˾ҲֻӲͷƤȥ½ĺҽӵˡ

1766 С

1766 С
үӲ˾ӲԲȣһҪɲӵͷ
ѽϷһɲӵͷ£Ϸһӣ㿴ϷĶҲûʲôõóֵģ
ٺٵЦţκȿ˿ֿ˿үӡ
ҪɲԼͬУ
ɲȫ¶ǱһͷҲ۵ļ۸үԼˣκȵĵȻǮǣ黹ҪɲԼܸɲ
ҲãϷȥɲӹͨͨ
Ա֮˾ӵĺ԰ɲں԰иֲֵｽˮ˾Ȼ˾ӣǴˡ
ɲΪİõ˾ӣŸԼһݲũĹ
ٺ٣
һٺٳɲӵɲӸоɭɭ
Ѿһθоȫ䣬Ͼɲӣһͷܽ˾Ȼ˵˶ųעӽԼκѾͷڣҪȻ治֪³ҡ
ɲӻعͷͿһü۵ˣϸһⲻɽԺԺô
ͷӣҪɶ
ɲӽ䱸Ŀ죬һͲ⡣
ûɶϷһЩ顣
νһڣɲӾ֪ʲôƨ
Ҫɶǲκζģ
ɲһĺˣһǰһ۸Сһ
ģϷֻҪһͷѡ
Уͯӵͷ٣ߵĻͯӾͻΪͺͷˡ
ɲֱ֮УˣԵɽԺԺһˣ֮Ҳᱻץ
Ȼ׼ȷĽ֮еɲץ˰УɲӱڰУģôίˡ
ӾͷҪң
ɲ໿ţҪǱıſ޵ģıֻҪһͷҪݾƣ
үӣǣ
κ֪үӲ˺ɲӣôţɲҲǺܵģһܵ˾ţҪóԺúȵźˡ
ֲûзɲӸջص˾ӵǶʱ䣬ÿһ˶ôɲӳˣȻĳԣֻǶһСһСˣҹĵģСһɫҰף˺öĴҩŻ͹
ģϷзִ磬ԲСģ
תκЦţһıôĴתͷɲӵʱһ˵ı飬ŵɲӵͣίģۡ
СһϷֻҪһͷ֪ôô
۶в֮⣬ɲͷĴԼԴϾһͷ˫ַϣɿɲӡ
õɵɲһ̵ܵκȻУ໵һ
һĽī˿໴޵Сܲͷֿ˿죬ƲƲ졣
ôˣ۸һСӣ
Ϲ˵Ϸû۸СӺôСһԸϷģ
һɲӣ˳Ƥ˼뿪˾ӣ֮ʱǧһҪýĽżͻͣҪȻᷢԼܶ벻ĺ
֪ˣ֪ˣ
Ѿˣһ˾ӵ壬ļҲòⵥ
ȥ½ҵѡѾȴˣ룬ĺκˡ
ȿôǽ̫ڻңҪȻö°ɡ
ǵȵİȣϾȵΪߣȻвϡŹֵܵ˵Ҫ˾ӲŰȫһЩ
˾ӵս׳󣬵ҲһЩ˻ڰжʲôֽţ˵κ˾Ϊȫġ
ûȽĿ˵κȴӽָóһӣϵĵ죬һȥĻҲ˲䱻Ρ
磬ҪҪһԣ
飬˻ô
ſˮǱⶫŪˡ
ܺһ£Ͼһ׵ĹӶѣһˣ˭֪ĹӽӴʱ˯һһҹʱ䡣
Ҫ֪𾳽ǿߣ޷ӵһˡ
벢ǿκȣֻǽΣոָ˵׼ͻһֵˣ˶ЧĻκȲΣˡ
İɣһᱣԼģʹһ
κִӽָóһδżδīʱȴһ¡
СѾͷ˽Υģôõģ
ԼģһЩվϿƵԼǲҲǾԣ
û뵽ˣǳ֮ãӵԷһĹⲨҪĵҩ
СѾͷҺһӪˣҪȻ룡
īκ֮ĶԻЩ⣬Ȼ֪κһֻ־Ϳŵʲôīκȵı飬Ȼ޴󣬾޴òīЩ־塣
ðɣճ׼һС
ã
գȥ½ҵѡѾöװ
֮ǰѩƺһЩ㣬ýĵ·ϳԡ
·СģҪʲôĻ顣
İɸɵ˵һŰ׵ء
ָָָָеİ׵ԶżĻޣϾһҪǰǲ½Ȼ֤ԯһ˲֣ԯһЩ˵ӣ֪˲½֮һԸֶӵġ
л֣ԿԸһЩ
̣žǰ½ҡ
Ӳ½˾ӵ½ĺңٶҲҪСһ²ܵ·ϵĿܵġ
ϣĸ˴齫˹ǽɽͼᣬԼֵ˵顣
С˵ּܻˣӦħˣǻȷݡ
ģˣ
뿴˿ģʾ⽪ĸϽеˣ
ˣܲܺɽͼйϵٵɽͼǽ硣
С˼Ҳ࣬Щٵɽͼᶼйϵ
κȽе˵ϣһ
һʱµӣ
κȣҲ˳ִֵ˶ܲĳ
ǰôˣɶ¶ʹ˵һ˵зһııء
ʵҲʲôĵ顣
̾һе
顣
˵顣
ԴǴຣ׿ƽӻ֮׿Ʊ˾ӡ
̶׿Ƶ̬˶У˾ӻຣɽׯУ廤ŵĻԼס
ΪӣȻϣԼҸõѡ

1767 ķ¶

1767  ķ¶
ܸܵõϲףҲϲ塣
ǣǹ˼ʲôⲻ塣
ǰϣһҹ˵ຣɽׯһһС
Ҳ֪׿Ϊ
Ϊɶ
ǲ⣬̺ɲŮòǾ䰡һĸԸĳΪһŮ˲ٿصĿܣΪֵģʲôɷյģ
Ѳ̾䲻ĶӣûʸΪ
ŲҷַӰȥ
һۺ˵˵룬˵Լ¶
ǲٵ塣
׿ƺܸмຣɽׯػҲ̶֪УȻҲǶϲô໥ȻǷޣ֮ѾԽ˷ޣȻûκԽΪ
Ϊ׿֪Ǹˣ»ֻУӦиõĹޣһһ˵ޡ
׵Ĺǣ˵˵ʲô뿪ףΪӦиõĹޡ
ô¶
һˣԭΪԼ䲻̣ʱẒ́ܿ˵۹⡣
ռ壬̵ʸ񣡡
̣ͦ¼ĺ˲ˣǰΪʲô鱻ຣɽׯ֮أ̶̵ĸȴвһ˿ĳɷ֣õĹޡ
ģ֮󣬱ȥ͹Ⱥȥ̵˼빤򣬺ƣ
ٺٵЦţֳҪǮ
ǮǮҺͬӮһѣǮ
룬ˣǷǺöǮ
һ¶һ¶ǮǮ
뻨ǮִţûʲôǮʱӴԴȶǽǮǲ˵õүӵ洫
ĵгУʮ֮ڵ˲½ڵĳС
ԶԶأǰصȺţĵĳ֣һ˫۾˸Ϲ۵Ĺâ
ģģ
һֵֻҰŽķɱһĻ˷׷üͷ
ģǵծڤҹҪ֪ˣҹƾˣ
Ȼ֪Ϊڤҹûд֮سţڤҹΪǿߴڣǾԲ֮طʲô¶ġ
֮˺ǣڤҹ֮صʲôĻԵôö
ԽԽĺҪ˵ģһǰס˺·
СӣȰðһ㣬ǲĻǹһЩȽϺá
ĻҲҪ˵ģ飬ȫûԼˡ
Ҳ֪һЩģ¹зԼʱҲòҲ֪Сϲġ
˵һǶӦ֪֮ǲĻǰһЩȽϺá
ģЩǣ
Ƕ˾ӵˡ
뿴һۺͦһӣô͵ɵһ
Ŷ˾ӵѣȻĵҲǱӵѣѾ׼˾Ʋˣǽӷ磡
Ҹۡ
ϴδ¹ǻͺصҵʱûнֻۡվ濴˿ҸУΧĽֻܸ̾һ飬Ǯôã
ǲ½һļ壬ضǮϢ
˵һ壬˲½ĸ߼ңӳԺ֮С
Ľ㣬ʲô
ϣζµĲһžˮĲɵĳŷˡ
κȿĵɫ²⵽ĶȻʲô顣

˵֣һԵҲתͷŽģЩϤ
ǲǸ߼ҵǸäӡ
ţ
ĵ˵ͷʱһǰ˼Ҫ̸۵Ļ⡣
ģ̫ˣҹҹ㡭ԣ񣡡
Լ˵©ˣæԼôʣǸ˶ܿڼʱһСϱı飬֪ʲô˼οԵˡ
Ŷ嵥ҲˣЩ黹Ҫϸ˵һЩԷֹ·Ϸʲô⡣
Ĳͺ̸飬ֽǣ֮ϡ
үӽһʱ֪ǣҪǻ͵һʯͷҲľʯЩʯʲôû˵
ֱڽĶںһ飬½ֲûˣΪʲôҪһ͵Զ֮Ĳ½˾ӣʵ˲⡣
˽ĵʣ˵⡣
ӣȲ˵һʲôһʻӽ𡣡
ֵ˵Ǳ֪ĻȻ֪޲޲
ֱӽֵܣôǵĳƺһ£ˡ治⡣
һʺӣ½˱鲼ΪκһҪһүӵת˾ӡ
źЦ˫ۣʾȥ
ҵ˷׷뿪˴ʱĴֻʣ½ˣԼҵϹܼҡ
λ˵һֻ˾ӲɣˣӲŻὫһиǰ
˵ԼɣʾϹܼóһͼֽͼֽϵʲô֮ģֻһЩʯϢ
һΣҪί˾ӽʯ͵ߴ½ɽĿıҪ١
٣
˸߶ļǮΪ˾һʯߴ½Ļɽ٣˭ţ
Ȼ仰˵ʵ˷˼ʵˡ
һʯһľʯǺҵĹڿʱڵڵһӣӵʱľʯҫ۵ĹâǷ·𿴵õĻ棬ǵʯĹâɢ֮ʣЩҲ֮ʧ
Ϊֲǣûֱӹâڻ֮󶼿ʼ÷񲣬Ϊһʬ⡣
ŽӴʯâ˺ΪһӣѰ֮£ҵ˼¼־ʯľᣬԭ⾧ʯһֹϵаΪаķƵЩʯһ˽򿪣ͻһ
ھʯжϣ½һƽ֮УΪˣҲӦкֶ͡
پʯķֻһǽ͵ߴ½Ļɽûɽеһգܳ׵׵پʯ
ԴӺӵ־ʯϢ˶߼۷׷׹Ҳԯһ塣
ȻϲǮҲ֪ʲôʲôãԣӵһ뵽λֻǶһ֮󣬱ȻὫĲ͵˾ӡ

1768 ͵Ⱥڴ

1768 ͵Ⱥڴ
˵˾ӽⵥԭΪ˾ӵǿ󣬶Ҳԯһ壬˾ռ彻ãʺһģ˾֮ûеڶˡ
ȵȣ
ں˵Ļʱ򣬽Ĵ
˵
İŷźļ۸
ǣ˽ǰΪʲôô
仰Ŀ˿ˣκҲεЦš
үе˾оֻʣɣֻ̰ûȫˡ
ĿˣѵԼĶ̫ô
λģȵλʯȫĻ͵ɽ𣬱ӻԭĶ׷һӲ
ڲ½һĺ˵Ǯֶֻѡ
УǾͳɽС
ȵȣҲҪһͬǰ
ĵҪߣæס˽ģ˵ԼҲҪһͬȥ
ӣһ;ʯǰߴ½档
Ŀ˿ûʱͺʲôҼҵϷһεΣյģɲźƿǰС
Ҫһͬԭ򣬵һҪۿʯ٣ϾΪҶ𣬵ڶǱҪǰīҰݷǰǮôȻ㣬λȥߴ½
֪ĲͬԼǰУȸԼڣԭϼ˼롣
Ҫȥīң
ţһš
īҼãȥīҰݷҲпԭ
֮Ҫ֤Բ¶ŴӦһͬС
ģҪźô
ͷһվںſڵĺ
ܾ⺢ȱۣ᲻·ϷǶ棿
һĶ֣һĶѣԺӣ·ϷʲôĻҲ;ô
ģǺҵĹӣҲīҵļõӣԯһҪҲҪһ
Ļ³һ֪źһǰߴ½·̻жôΪǮˣ
ʱһڼǰΧŷӡһϮɫĺҲ׼ˡ
߰ɡ
Ҫס˵Щ·Ϸʲô⡭
֪֪ˣһϺȵģ
Ƚ˵껰˼Ѫһ˷ܵĺߴŽһ˸Ͻ
ԭһڼ˺Ϊˣרõľʮֵĺ˾λá
Ӳ½ߴ½һκһκ޷ʻҪΪԭʼĺǰУҹƬ֮гУ϶ǻߵشó
һ˻δ뿪½ͱסȥ·
·֮˲Ǳˣԯһļ̳֮һԯ־
ԯһľںҾǰ棬뿴˿澨վŵˣεЦ
Сǲǰû
ʾ齻Ǳǣ뿪˾ʮֱֶγԯһľϡ
ȵһ֮ص˺Ҿϡ
ˣ
ǣԯ־ϵѪһСľͽ·ˡ
ĵ˵ϡ
СӵҪ𡣡
ȫʱԯ־˵ѺڵУԯһŽȻȥ
ҲΪ飬ԯ־ԯһߣ֮Уԯ־֮£ȻһӰ죬ʧȥ˼̳֮һʸ
ˣڵ֪˾ӽ˺ʱԯ־ԼһԯĵȺһ˵ıؾ֮·һЩɫ
˭֪ԯʮջǱһ١
һȺŵĹӸ绹ѧͽ𣬺Ц
ĵĴһǷϯض˯˹ȥ
λ̨
ݵĿԶڣһɵĽԯһ˴ܣ˾ӹȻǴá
ԯ־·½嶼֪ģҲڰйţû뵽ԯһ˱˾ɵĻܣҲ˴ԭͷЩ黹Ҫġ
н֮ڲ½ıԵͣ
һʱҪһشûʲôɲĳУҪѸõĶȫˣȻһЩķöǺа
ڽĺκճƷ׼ؾʱ򣬼˳ڶǰ
΢΢üסȥ·ĸˡ
ʲô¶ô
λӣǲ½ҵĹܼңλҪȥߴ½·һЩλ
˵ţҵĹܼҽһЩƿƿ޹޵Ķ˫ַϣκЩ⣬ǽƿƿ޹š
ö
ҹܼҿˡ
ĿһκеСƿӣ浭ɫĸɢŵζȻ֪ʲôûκζԡ
ڷǼ鼴Щ˵Ŀʲô
˺ҹܼңҲ˸ԵƷһЩ⣬еҲ
λʲôֱ˵ǡ
λˣС϶ֻǷλһڱü飬Լǽɽͼ顣
Ŷ
¶
ȥǼڱüҷһռ䣬ӡ޷Ƴ¿ȥǽɽͼ٣Ҳö֪
£Ĳˣκ뿪ˡ
ⲻ֪仰ĸڶУΧ˾ǽμ¡
ڽڱüҷֵ֣½һЩѾ֪ȷʵ罪˵һü鷿һռ䣬ǽռҲ޷Ƴӡţ֪ʲô
˲֪ŵķӡʵͿˣֻڽ뿪֮ǰǰһֹԼ̤֮
ϣĺκȻ󲻾ãҲһѶص˾
ϺǣӸ㴵ӽǸܵʲôз˼
һЦôһ룬Լ̬ȡ
ŲŻȥ֮Ҿͽյѩӡ
Ӿ˵˵ѣ˵ЩĻ죬ɱѩǰϹ
һҪѽ¶ѩͼˡ
òиʵϲ˵챿ԵĶ࣬û˿ɾˡ
ôˣӡʲôΣƵģ
Σգֱհ
Щ£Һߵÿ죬ҪȻҪȺŮ˸̻һ
˵ǻʱ飬Ķ˴ͻȻ䣬һȺŮ˷ӵϣɫŮ˳öӡ
ôţͶͱô
ͶͱҲҪԷʲôˣĴ治찡
˸ȺŮ˾ǶħԣȶħҪħ

1769 ħʯ

1769 ħʯ
ɣȺŮ˵ĿǺϹܼҵĿһǿ׳һЩõϢڱüҵϢ
κΣǸֱУ֮ˣȺŮ˵ҲȻûʲôá
üҵѾǽ磬ǲ½½߻ߴ½ȵȵĴڣԱüҸȤ
е˶ıúصںǱúеɽͼᡣ
ĿԺܿ϶˵ʳúûɽͼĻüһħΧǽ˶ڱü֮׷֣Էħ
ǡǡΪɽͼᣬһЩҪõᣬһЩΪüƽ֮ǣеĹǼʶڱüҵֳ˷̬ȡ
̾һŴ󲻶ϵ˵ķ羰İеľӡ
ľС̷ģźԵˣͷǲġ
ʯǴʲôطģ
ںȲĺعͷŽģŬ󣬿ڻشŽʵĻ
Ƕ˵ڲ½һɽڳģʱɽз˽׼ɽ󣬵˭֪ھһɽʱ򣬷ɽеһĹѨ
׼ȷ˵ƬɽĹѨһɽССĹѨʮ
ĹѨ֮жѪʬ壬ǻһֲ˻ȫëը
һ˴˴֮󣬷ָ̨ϵӣ㽫˳Ȼ򿪣֮ˡ
˵˵ţûбҪȥƭˣ˵ûۿһĻķȴɽĹǻ֮ӣһ𽥵ķʲôʳ˾Ԫһʬһʬ⣬ʮֵĿֲ
ô֪ЩʯΨһǽʯɽ֮УԻɽеҽٻ٣
һжպ˵һǲЩ̫ˣܸоõӡҪڷӡʧ֮ǰʯӽɽ֮УǰǣϢȷġ
ô鷿зֵģЩڷ֮ǰҲϵظŻɽĻ
߽ģһ鷿з־ʯٵķʽһҲǵɽĹѨгĹڵĹѨпپʯķʶû֮ǰ˸˺
ԣȷپʯķǽӽɽ֮Уҽ
ģôˣ
˿⺢ӵӦòƭˣĵıƺڹʲôѲΣ
һָоȵ˻ߴ½ڿɣһʱҲ֪ôԼ롣
罪˵һͻȻ両ֳЩоЩĪһоֻܵȵߴ½Ļɽ˵ˡ
һֱУڼ֮˲½ͻߴ½֮ĺ
Ƭ֮ϣ޷УҪźȥߴ½
˺ģκ˸֮
ܴвҲҪӲ½ǰߴ½⣬Ҳһ˵ĿĲˡ
СһЩ
վκߣκȵİȫϲ˵ĿӦǺҵӡ
뿪˰ߣŻߴ½Уڻߴ½Ͳ½֮ĺ򲢲㣬ֻҪյʱԵ
ҹɫ棬촵˵ů쳣
װϣĿˣҹ֮еļ⡣
ԴǽٽٿʼδɢĹâǰҲ˵ǽٵҲԽǿ
һı˫˫۵ʱԶĺϳһƬơ
׵罻֯ŵƷ¡¡κȶ̲ǰҲһԶ
Ľ㣬㻹ڵľʯô
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Ǿ仰Ȼ֪ΪΣԽǽӽߴ½ıԽĻʲô޴ΣڵȴһΣձںҪǻ͵һӾʯ
ܾþʯûô򵥣Ϣʵٵÿжϲʲô
ٻʯķӳֵǲ̫ɺϣɺϵľڹⰲһ
ֲܴһմȾ˾ʯа˭֪᲻Ҳɸʬģ
ʱԶյԽıƽ׵һһںƽϡ
ϴһƮƣʾ˸Ͻա
ںϺô꣬ϴ֪׵磬ĺκȽ봬յʱ˹
ɵģԲּ׵磬ڣ뿪ʱɫ³ҹ֮С
ֻɫǽټɫ֮⣬һֹâԶȥ׵Խǿͬʱĵһ´γ뵽˹ȵס
ȣڴв뿪
Ľ㣬ʲô飡
ʯķӡ˴ˣ
Ϊ˱Щº֣ھʯʩһӡƻ˷ӡһӡ
룬ǿú
ʾźκҲ׼뿪Ӱ벽
ȻĵطĿѾӣ֮еĹâµҫۣҪǰʱǰһȴ˱仯
ҹĻеĺȴĵˮ
ףСڤҹ
ʱˮļУıŽСİվڷߣڤҹǶһӸŽĹ
ˣȥôŻΪϲԵĸ㡣
ڤҹǰظŽĵգڤҹָӴյһ̣һӰԼٶȳǰס˽ġ
ŻʧŻع
롭ǽڴô
ǵĴ磬ɶ¶ܶںô
룬κȣͺҲӴ˳
ǵɣ
ڹâл˻ҽֻ˵һ仰ʣˡ
ĸϽǰغӣӱϵʱһصڶߡ
ֻҪңұϵĲƸȨ
ħȣĲκԥӹغϣʩ˷ӡ
Щʲô
ûĻһ࣬һħ壬ħˡ
ûĻħӦħ£ӦǱħץӡġ
ʩµķӡӦԸΪĸ֣ΨѰûκôһ˲ȥ˾ӵĻģû뵽ħľȻץ޹·˵
ڹâ£ħ˺޹ҲˣһαӡҲ˺ĺɫʯѪһĺ졣
֡
ʾκȣ룬ͺ֣ȻԼڣڹâ֮£ϳһЩɫĺۼ
ЩҲô
ţʾϱ鲼ɫĺۼ˫˫һֱ쵽࣬ͬΪһʬ⣡

1770 ֪

1770  ֪
˫ϵɫ·ε̾һ
ǱˣӺô
СѾͷƬӣ˭ԭҰϴô¶ˣҪǲô
һ۽ġ
˵ûȻڱʯĹâȾֻҪٵʯͿһеԴͷ
˵ҲֻΨһһˣڲ۵ɽ֮ᷢʲô飬Ծȵķӱǽӽߴ½Ļɽ֮С
ͻȻ£ļ˴ֲ˭Ҳ뵽֮лͻ⡣
㿴ɫİ벻
󡻹ࡣ
٩룬жκЦ˳
Ŷ̶̵һʱ䣬˵˫ϵɫԽ˵ǣϵûбâȾ
ڶҹٴηһ飬¶ڱ򿪵ľʯӶԣֱ֥С¶
٣еǮҪȻӺι㣡
ٷŵָŽĵˣǺ
Ϊ½һļ̳ˣһߵĽӣĶɢǮζ
˿ģε̾һ
ʮ
һ
۵Ľģ΢΢üͷǮֻСëѣôǮɡ
ʮ
һ
Ծɺһ۸ýٷǶˣɶǴٵģôȺƱԼӼˣ
ǶȺһƽ⣬ǴٵĻɶˡ
ðɺðɣһһ
գЩǿʵ̫ûʣͬ˽һļ۸
ʱվһһһںԡ
ǣѾΧˣ
Է߸ˣˣ˿ȫǽٷǰΧ˺ôʲôЦ
ͨͨˮһһǿӴ˺룬ǲι㣬ҪԼ컯ˡ
һôûˣ
ȻҸںһĲҲǮô
һöָ˽ģߵߵ˽ߡ
İҪ޸ҵˣлǮôô
ȽĿ˵˺ļϡ
ֵܣҷǳֲľûϵұ壬ʱ˭ǸʣµӶ𣿡
ĵźͲҪȥҪȻɱ֮ʱǴɳҲסҵġ
ʱ仹˼˼ôصߴ½ɽ
ڤҹôǿԹƽʲôȴǲȱǮ
ҿȴᣬһٶ֣
Կ׳յĿ⿴һۺ˸λ˵˫ϵɫԽһݣҲܸоʹ֮Уܴ˯
ʱһ˶ߣ硣
ǿŽָйҽĹ飬ǻɽһûзӽϵɫƵĻҪٶҳһƵķӡ
Ľ㣬
κҲ飬һͬƽķӡ
㿴ϼŵ飬ǲǺ񡣡
ЩϵݶЩģˣϡԱԼκȷһʱ򣬿źɫѪʯ飬ѪʯֽħʯԶа֮
ħ˶ħʯǿԼħǣһħʯħԦˣģʽħʯֳѪĹâ˶Ԩ֮С
ħʯȡߵΪУùâþ֮УӶħʯȡߵԪ
ңħʯĹâһ᲻ϵشҪָȾӣһҵľľҩˮȥ
ľѾʧǧ֮ãѾǽ磬ӿ˵ȫûпеأڶǽħʯͶɽ֮УԻɽҽȫٻ٣һе
Ҫ쵽ɽˣ
ľǲ֪ʲôҪľĻҪ˷ʱ䣬ʱͳΪһһʬ⣬£ֻоĵɽɡ
γɣħʯɫѾ˫һֱɢ˵ֱۡ
˿ӱ޵ĳŻߴ½ɽ֮
ҪĳҲҪ֮ãֻܳʱ䡣
ʱٶȲ߲ǿԵɽƫƫߴ½һȺס˵ȥ·
ǼλҪȥﰡ
Ž˵ĲǱˣԯһڻߴ½ϵˣЩԯԻߴ½ϵһЩˣڻɽؾ֮Χˡ
ÿ
ûʱȺ˷ѣ˫ֽӡǿܡ
죬Сףޣǣ
һâֻһǰıһֻ޴ľβһŮԼһͷë
ףϢһ̡
ҵ찡Ȼ˪β
ɶǴ˵дڵʥޣȴĳǰ
ѾģȻ赲˵·
С׿ɲЩһ赲ǰ·˶ǵˡ
С׼ǰʱ򣬰׵һСǰ
βãͱˣƤëۣ
ҲŲҪͷ˵ء
Сװ˰׵һۣް׵ҲٺٵЦţߵСǰʾȥｻͺˡ
֪ް׵۵С׾ص˽ָУ׵һצӻӳǰѪһƬ첲ҷһأƴӶƴӲϵ֡
һȺϣ
׵ۿ˽һۣƺ˵ʲôû˵ص˽ָ֮С
֪ıħʯȾˣûϵڴֻû¶Լͷ֤
ǰ·谭ڿӱ޲߲ݵʱڸϵ˻ɽڴ
ħʯԾͼԻˣֱӽħʯӽ˻ɽУǻɽҽطٻħʯģ鲼ȫɫҲˡ
Ľ㣬㿴ȫûˡ
κ֣ɫİʧ鲼ȫʹҲûˡ
ʱ׵۵Խָд˳ɢĸ߽ĵˣʵħʯúˣҲкôģֻֿܵħʯ˼ˡ
ұħʯâȾҲûзƣֻҪһľˮͿˡ
ذľǾǽô
Դϴľʲô
׵۸߽ģԴϴŵľɵӣʮֿ϶
֪
΢΢üͷİ˫ǲƵŰ׵ۣѲ֪ԼԵľӾľɵġ
ȲʧľΪλ֣˵֪Լľȴ֪ǲԶﲻ߲ݸ·ҹĳ𣬾㹻ð׵ۺһˡ

1771 ˵̬ô

1771 ˵̬ô
׵Ѿ˽ָ֮УɽôҲ
ڽָеİ׵۳żȸ쾻С׵ŭݡ
׵ۣΪβӱľ
졣ŭŰ׵ۣСҲһߵı顣
ҵðһĸء
׵컬ĵ٩Сף˾Թ⼸ദ׵һӡǿ֪ľΪνľ
׵ûֱӻشΪβ߽ľӣˣ֪ʲôľ
֪
Сҡҡͷľľôʲôĵطô
ľ֮Ծ֣ΪľҪĻΪ̣ҲΪľǲӦôϵĶ
׵һμľڼʮǰʱľѾһΪ
һ棬һľҪķѵʱţľõߵѪҺ
ΪľǿҵĹЧСߵѪҺΪӪȳ󣬺ܶרץɢߣȻǵѪιľ
⻹ǲΪҪģľɳһĳ̶ȣľǿ߱ԼѪҺΪ׼ľ³֮գҲԽħʯĶ
һľƳɵҩˮΪǹעľ֮˵Ŀܡ
ԣֲ֮£׵ǲ߽ԴϵӾľһ֮޷ɽ
׵۵ĻҲͬʱ˵ĵһΪԼѣһҲڸ֪ĵˣľ֮Ľ
ô˵ľӵǸ̷ģ
κȸе£ĺͰ׵˵һǵڼеʱǸСǹô
ժͷϵľӣ˫ľɵľ
ӣֻҪˮкȥľӿԱٳаѵõıء
Ҫӵӣ׵æֹ
ľѾˣּľǺҪһǺ˽ľ˳
ħʯѾ٣ҵҲĻˣϵɫҲ˵ĸɸɾ
ģǲҪȥīôīϤһͬС
Źκ뽪ദĻᣬһ·Լͽ֮һ޷Խĺ蹵
񣬺Ҳʲôˣֻźͽܶദһദһᡣ
ҹɫīǡ
ӻɽ뿪ѾʮʱˣͽԽ֮ŵĳУ˾ǰīǡ
ûмȥīң˸ջϢһϣκȥӺúõݸ衣
Ľ㣬ʲô˼񡭡е㡭
κȲ֪ôݣô˵ءĽ֮дһаԣһа
ԴħʯȾ֮󣬺˸ı䣬ָı䲻һӱ任ģʱĳǰ
ħʯĶûɾеĶŴˡ
Ҳֻôˡ
Ľ㣬ǲ֮ͻ˾ӡ
ʱҪôһôŻȥˣԾŶ
Цţκ
ʱѾȥˣӦҲˣ˸Σ뿪֮ء
ǰʱ䲻֪Ѿȥ˰֮á
ǰʱ䶼ˣڤҹûг֣֮طʲôңѲΣô
ɫīǵĴϣĽĺκ׼صջȴһסȥ·
Ϊ׵ʮɫףһʮֵ࣬·˭ǷǶǮһ
˾ӵˣ
ǣλǣ
ĿǰˣһĨ䱸֮⸡ֶ
īҵǵѾīˣλҵǰīҡ
īĺκȶŰΧǿӲһҲ
λ˵̬ô
Ц⸡ڴǣȻЩԵ޹ʵȥīҡ
ڽ׼ֵʱīӻó˾ӵƣӡ
ѵȺĽץˣ
λΪǼ˰ȫǱˡ
ĻýĺǲˬΪİȫķ֡
ãȻīҼǰȥҲһҪȥīң˳·
ĺκȸīһζʵʵĿѺУһѺ͵īҡ
ʱīҴ֮УīҼīӴ۵Сۣ˭Ҳ䡣

1772 ī

1772 ī
ߴ½īҡ
ߴ½½½ǽ½
ǽڶ½֮УΪǿʢ
Уߴ½īңڻߴ½൱ڲ½˾ռң½ԯһһžصĵλ
һľɽ˴½ȴδīҵˣһΪīԲϲ֣ϲνĳħ¶
ʱīҲΪһЩס˽ŲԲûμľɽ˴ᡣ
˴۵С۵Ŀī峤
Ī峤ǰӣŭС
֮һԲϾʹļƣס룬ûڻսĳ淢
ʲô
㲻ôϷĵ̡
ī峤ŭ룬Сٸ˵һ仰ԻһСӵĹͷ
ĵɶ˲˵ˣī峤ΪھнǷн
Ҫīҵĳ嶯ҪһֱѹԼԻὫͷӵĺӺͷȫ
ɵñ㽫ץýȶ˱ѺĻƭǣȵ˵ʱ򣬸ûĺȵӰӣŷϵƭˡ
нͷϷ˵˶ٴˣҪϷĻͱһȺ˲Ĺͷûˣ
ߣһͲʲôˡ
˵һΣŲϷŪ㣡
˭˭Ϊī峤ͻ㲻ɣ
һī˫˫վһԲϴֵĳ档
ʱĺκһȺīңԶԶľīӺ볳ܵ
ĺκƽ£ŷ
ô
Ŀ˿źɻڿջС
Ǽһһջ˯ˣҲ֪˹ģô¶
˵˹ļֵʱĿ⿴˿īӣָīӰº֡
ӵģǼСӻǲʶģҪǸ˵ŸӣӺúõıǵİȫ֮ˡ
ī⼸СӾͺ˵һģһһʦͽܣԸһĶӵ˼¡
īӺʶģʶĹ̲Ǻ죬ںܶжమɱ֣Ƕ˶Ǿ֣ҲΪͬһĿģľͷ˶Ա˴˵ĸɸ꣬ͷӻڰлϾ
īյģ뿪˾֮ǰүӺԼ˵ЩһĨЦ⸡ڴǣ˫ֱȭǸ
ʵīҵ̫Ż⣬ϣīǰҪ
㵱Ϸֽô
Ǳ˵ĻҲͺˣƫƫīӲԵļһ۽ô˵ǲĻҲöԷù
ĻһīҴװΣһĨЦȻġ
һӣһâһ鼮īǰ
³򣬲Ҳ˽īǰģҵ֮īǰ
Ĵӽָóһף֪Ǽ򵥵ף಼ֶ󷨣ΪԽ߱ԽĲ͸֮еİ֮
˫ַϵ֮ʱīˢһӾ
ĸϷСŪôõĶ
īӼֱԼǰû뵽ⶫĻ֣ײһֱħ֮ôôСѾͷϡ
Ƚ˵ʲôīӱ㽫Ⱦħ׷ϵħ
ʵӲīҿʼıī˵Ϊ֣޻ħޣԻ֮Уʬ޸ǽڣɼīҵ֪ӡ
ħ޻ʬޣīҵ˲δ߻ħ֮ˣ֮бʡرԼĵ
ҲΪνѡóԭħ籦е֮һƽھ͵ħĶīΧװΣһ붼Ĳã˵īүӶȻӰһ
ȻͶá
ϺΰúõذĸС˵ϷںǺúõ˵һ˵
һīӱ㲻ٴĵˣ㽪үӸţеĻߣҲīԼ
ֻеīӿǲʱ˵һ˵үӽ顣
īҵĹܼϺǰָż˵ȥ·ģκȣ˸
λСҪ֣Ǽ峤ƢҲΪˣŻԺ
ī峤үӴ˭Ӯˣ
ȤһЦķүӿ˺ı飬˵Ŷǰ顣
ʱīӺ춼ˣôǱΪŵĶ˵Ȼ˭˭˳ۣһα϶ˣһܡ
һܴѷ֣Ҫǻ᳡䲻޹ˣմԳֹ˲Ϊͷ˻ȥġ
Ժ󣬵ҪһûӮ֮֡

1773 ֻ

1773 ֻ
īӺ֮ѵĹϵڵжԵķ棬˻Ҫͳһս߶Դˡ
ӹܼҿŹڶ˵ĹϵҲһЩ¶
ҹɫīңڳϣǿգ̾һ
Ľ㣬ôˣ
ûʲôǾߴ½֮ǿƺһЩ
Ҳ֪ǲΪûߴ½ڸߺε򣬿ǿյʱܾҪȲ½Ͳ½һЩ
ԺУŲˮǷŹڻߴ½һЩ鼮
˼ˡ
ָеһϸڣ˵Źڻߴ½һЩȤ顣
ʲô˼ˣʲô
Ҳ˺ģŲӿ˿ϼصһЩȤ¡
ɣļٵģôضǧǰȻһĴУ
ڵīڵַǧ֮ǰǻߴ½ĵһУǻߴ½ڲ½Ͳ½ˡ
ΪīҵĴڣһƬ½ٵĺܣǷһЩ飬콵³ͷԴˣߴ½ͱǰģ
ߴ½ǰḻҼ
˶Żߴ½飬мŭ֮³ͷߴ½һƬ˥ܵҪԭ
ˣߴ½еīԾǻߴ½ĵһ壬Ƭ½Ѿûˣˡ
ʲôĳͷлߴ½ϵ˵ʲô飿
ĳͷͷǲŵģǿɱ˶ᱦ߶ɽʲôߴ½ģ˵ĵ˵Ǻ漸ǧǰʲô飬ûߴ½ģ
˵ܾúܾǰǧǰĻߴ½ɭֺ󸲸ǵĴ½ʷḻĹȴǸڻĮռ˴󲿷ֻߴ½ĳ
ˣˣϽϢɣ뿪
Ҳǣ˵һīΪ˽īţģûɶϵ
ҹɫŨңڶ糿˱˺
վīԺ֮УģƺںīӶһ㣬˫ŭʢ
ôôòүүһʦ
үү㵽װôˣ
īӿǰСëӣ겻⺢ӵǳ˲٣ɾûǣǸɵǺǵС˵
ܰѽļΣҪֵĻĳЩһˡ
ôˣ
źĳ֣Ĵ˸Ƿûô˯þīϢĻ㲻
ģүүûôɡ
æǰҿϿ¿ƽŷ
ιôòүүСѾͷһĻûˣ
ʲôīȻǱ˵ĻһúõĴϴ϶ˣͽܣ˾ӵˣǽģīȻԼõӺͽһ
ģֻСѾͷʵ̫ˣܰһƭתΪߣСӵѹڽ¿һС
ǺҵĶ磬Ϊ˺Ҳ󣬻ǴСӵͷΪá
û¶Ŷԣī峤үү
īӺͺ֮Ĺϵ
ѾŸīӣҲûʲô¶ˣںĹ鴦īһᰲźõġ
īǰ˵ǶѾˣӼǵðʣµǮ˾ӣǾʹ˱ˡ
ȵȣھҪôסһʱôͺãҴǿԳʳ
Žģ֪ԼûлýϲԼദһʱ䣬ʱ䲻ͺá
СӣǻԼҪȥ㰲ĵīңī峤ز½ҡ
źļ򣬳ī˫ֱȭ񣬱ת뿪ˡ
׼뿪ī֮ǰīӽס˽ĵˡ
СѾͷҪ֪īϷԻǣǳī֮ᷢʲô飬ϷҲܲˡ
īڸ߽ģΣգֻҪ뿪īҵķΧߴ½ĵ㣬ʲôҲˡ
˵ĸС˵ͽܣǺСһǵĵʶ츳ҲţĻǽ֮УǰļһΪеİ
лī峤һҵȻСģӾͰˡ
˵ȥϷת˵һһǡ
һǣĸѾ˵һУ˵Ҫ֪Ĵ𰸡
뿪īҵĸ˳ǰߴ½ıԵشҪȥ½ԵشȻת½
˵һǼ˾гԶһΡ
ϣĺ̲Ÿ㣬Ŀ⿴Χɵ΢΢üͷ
Ľ㣬ڿʲô
κȵҲѰŽĵ߿ȥڲԶļĿһͲʲôˡ
ģҪҪ
ǲֵĻҲʦ
ҡҡͷȶԷȶ֣ǲ˳Ķ֣ҪȻҧһڶǮô죿
Ǯɲϣ˷ڱĵط
ڽ˵껰ʱǼ˻࿴˶Էһۣ˽ĵڵλá
ļ£ȶԷ˵һõĸˡ
ǿײھľϣһѪӿģһҡ
뼸ǰһŲһ˵ϣɫ쳣䡣
СӣƾΪɱǣ
ǡǡæ
ò˵һ仰˻ûüͻȥһ¡鲻鷳ģҪǰæô
˵ˣ嶯غ˰ɣ
ٺ٣һΪ鷳أιιιһѣһѣ
žž
һһƵĴ˵ϣԵ˱ʹ̼ˡ
ˣˣˡˣ
˼ſǻٴȥˣٴȥˡ
ĸǸ⣬κȶ̲裬ĸǺȵζĶһǱһꡣ
˵ǵɶ¶Ĳɱǵģ
īӵĻ˵ܶһ˵ĿĶǿе֪üҵ飬֪ɽͼľᵽʲôطûʲôȵȵȵȡ
ҲΪǿֻǰĸ˳á治ˡ
԰һԼŻ˵ԼΪʲôϵĿŽһˡ
ԽԽǺٺЦĴˡ
һصĲ壬гh壬ٳ֮Уֻÿһһεļ֮ղŻ֣ҲΪѰһ
hѾ壬ΨҵǶſԣĸ뿪h֮ǱƭǱ򣬷Ƿ˸ָ飬ĸ˵ľ񶼿Ҫˡ
ڣھǷ˾ӵˣǣĸ˰Լʥĸ˵ǮѾƭˣϾҲ͵͵УѾûǮˡ

1774 䲻ô

1774 䲻ô
ҲǳhҪˣ
˵ţĸеһ˻޵ǽһġ
ʲô
ԶʱһʥǳhҪһУһˣ֪ȥ򡭡
൱ڳhľhĴڱԾ֧Ŵȥʧˣh˾Ҳڽɢ
ǵȵһ˿ɢĻhͻʧ׵׵ʧ
ͨһĸĹ˽ĵǰ֮Լϣ⡣
ĸȻ޷ģǳhᱣλ裬ֻҪλҵҷģһԼΪλ֯һ磬λһ˺
ŷ˽ޣǳhļ֮һȻ˵ӵʥκӼ򵥣žͱƭǮԼʼѰ֮·Ϊ˻ȥ·֡
Ӧ֪˾һֻ˲Ǯ
޴ĿʱΪ˱޴Լ޴ĴǿԶŻޣɺأЩȻΪԼһ˽ڲˡ
ڻް׵ۺ͹ʶһоգҲ飬ǸӿԵĺڰһ档
Դˣ˾µĻ׼һǮΪ
˵Ǯ֣㿴ҿ㣬оΡ
ǳʱͱƭеǮǸ˵ܴҵ
˵˴޸ίʮüĴүǾȻ˳޵ǽһ
޿޹֮һ˫ɫ۾ģԼӡ
һҵ˳h壬ķѼȫΪĸΪ׼ԣΪĸ˱֯һ磬һ١
ģ
Žģڶ˵Źڳh顣
ǰ˵ڳhһЩ
hһܹϺܹϵ壬ڶõʱû֪ȺҲϲԳʱ⡣
˵ҵһhˣʱľ˳hߣϱף˵һѣҲľ棬ҪȻͳΪʷеĳ
ô˵ֵ
൱
ͷ˶ߣԱΣյĵزҲܾһգκȲһ
˵֣˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲôӵ⣬ԣhףԶ˵ǾѵĶ
ãɽһǲҪǮһֻѰҰµʱ䣬ǰµʱһⵥԶҲΪף
һĴӦһε޲һվס˽ĵ֣ת˲㱻һˤݺݵˤ˵ϣһεȥ
գ
ĴӦѰ˵ֱӴµȼؤгкȻоס֮صϲԱ
̻ʵĳζʳеһһԡ
ļغ͹죬ҸӦõڻߴ½
һ䣬Ȼǳhʥôᶪ
ò˺棬hȻϲսһֱ⣬ҲҲhľס֮أȥh͵ȡ
ħ塣
˵˴޷еʳ̾һǱ֮⡣
¼ΪҲǳh徫Դһ죬ħ˳ڳh֮УӦΣʧӰ١
Ϊhļ룬ܸӦϢԼǽٳ֮Ŀ־塣
˵Լҳˣ
ô˵
ĴڣֱhֱӵĹϵһʧh޷ڻȡ
뿪˳hڻߴ½ϣƺѰʲôһܸӦĵҲܸӦã
Ŀžϻŵ״һĲʴɣֻҪңƽ⡣
ҲǣԶŵʥԼʶ
ȻܸӦǾ;ɣסֻʮʱ䣬ֻʣʮˣ
ţһҵġ
ҹɫߴ½ԭƻӦǳŻߴ½ĺнʱһ񣬱ڻߴ½ת
ۿʮʱȥˣʮʱ棬鷳Ҳ׷ţڣȻòκȳ֡
ʮ죬һͣϴüͷ˿ϵİ˸ˡ
ǻȥģ
ҪǸǮϴŲȺĴת
ٳϢһϰɣһʡ
ʱ䣬ֻҪڹ죬ûҵǶټѰȥˣҪϻ˾ӡ
ĺκڼѡԼҪĶ޵˸󣬴ʱһȺס˼˵ȥ·ĿŵҪĸ֪ڱüҵ
ģǻߴ½ǲ½ͨıҲǸ缸ߣʵʵĸǱüҵɽͼᵽʲôطǲˡ
˫ֶżĽЦ·һȺˣֹľٶ̾һ
ҲգҲٷѴ࣬һüѾûˣС彪īͽܣбµĻȥ½˾ӡ
ڶɽͼҲ֪˵Ҫ⡣
ڵܲˬĸϽ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣЦû˿¶ȡ
Ǻǣģǻߴ½浱ǲ½˵Ҳ˵˵Ҳ˵ֵϣ
һ˺Ӧ԰ټƵӱһӵϣҲܽеûɽͼᣬŮ֪üҵ飬˾УֻҪץסһʸȻ
ȺС˽ˣһԾ˶ɣǵİŹؽڡ
ҲжʱûˣȺϺз֣
˭ö࣬˵Ⱦơ
û⣡
ûжΪΪԭʼĳֿȭУˣǽǰİӱ仨ˮ
һԵʿˮɵøе£ռһ˵ĳǡ󰡣
˵Էˣܿıаһڵϲϵĺţǽ˺ѷΣ˭ɱһ
Ϻǣ⻹һ©֮㣡
һȭ˵ĸкûУֱӻȥ
ϵˣģұġ
һȾơ
ޣԼǱȥģӱ˶ࡣ
ôǲ䲻𰡣

1775 

1775  
˴ΪԱΪ˺Ⱦơ
ҲʲôԭͷһپҪġ
ˣʳʲôô
Ŀһ۵һصġʬ塯εʼ硣
һȺڻңӶǣĻʹ˭ȺҲ֪
ѾˣûʲôҪϢĻָʹȺ˶ֵ˭ûʵֻƬϢ
ȥϢɣҪɽͼĻȻٶġ
ջУ˼򵥵ĳһЩͣԻص˷׼˯
ˡ
һ𣬽ĵķű졣
һ߲Ǳˣޡ
ҹĲ˯¶ô
У
޺ĵ˵ͷһ˫ɫֱĿŽģһʼܾĽЩԾĵطǾʲôûиӦֱɽͼἸ֣ŻȻ
ʲô¶
֪ɽͼУ
޵ǿ϶ĸ֪ģ֪ʮȷɽͼڽ档
仰ʱ򣬽΢΢üͷµĿޡ
˵ɡ
һʾ޽ʲô˵Ҳ١
Ľ㣬ôˣ
ڸڵκҲ˽ĵķУޡ
ôڣ
ˮ
ĸ޵һˮ޿˿ĺκȣһ˿־壬ǽˮȥ
ģҲҪ߱˹ɽͼ飬㡣
޸ܵ˽еɱ⣬ȴԼκ˵ĻԣŮ˾Ի̼ҪԼ
Ǿ˵һһĿĲΪвǴӽ˵õɽͼľᣬֻǼ򵥵Ҫ߽ģɽͼȻӡߣһֵܹ֪ɽͼĴڡ
ѣ
֣ĻϣǺ棬Ҫʲô
ԣǵһھʱҾ͸оһǽ磬ϤǾ岻֪ʲôֱЩᵽɽͼľᡣ
ſˮ޼˵Լĵǡ
ɽͼҵ̣̺ǶԶŵʥͬͬԴܸܵõϢҲֱܸܵйϵɽͼϢ
Ȼֻɽͼҵֱ̣̣ϢǴ˵ġ
ɽͼĴԶʱڵĲǿǽǳǳhҲǳҲܼӸӦɽͼϢ
²ֻгhһԶŲ壬ħ֮ҲԶŲ壬ҹԶǳʥ
˵ʱ޲еɱѾʧӰ٣Ÿȫ˵Ҫ˵Ļ
Ҫ߽ĵܼ򵥣Ȼ˵ɽͼᱻӡߣȴɽͼڽĵ˵УܸӦõҲʹб˿ԸӦõ
ԣҪô
ԭʱϼʱ䣬ҸӦõڸ۽ʲôҶΪĸ˼ӳֻ·ӡɽͼᣬʱ򼴱ҲӦĴڣ
Լh˾ġ
ˣ
ûнûҲǣ޵ࡣ
ɽٸʱ䣬ס㷽˵Ļµ˻ҡ
ãһԿһޣ
³һ˿ģɫӸֳһĨЦ⡣
գϡ
˱꣬ϴ޵ָ𺽳ɽн
ĵģⶼʲôʱˣôȥɽ֪ħô
ϴҪڲǰԼƢʻɽ
г֮󣬾ɽһа˾
ɽɽ֮ɽȣ˵
ʮֵǣɽȳֳ˸ԲͬľɫﶬԼһƬɫɽȡ
֮ɽһƬⰻȻ֮ɽȰУ֮ɽӢͷף֮ɽȰѩ
˵ģҪô߰飬ｨס
û뵽ߴ½ĺõط
ǰҲд⣬ҪȻպϹɡ
ٺٵЦţ⵽һ
ɱûҪûҪѩӻء
ѩãһ˵ѩ˵ıǺһٵȻ롣
Ҳ֪⹷һкεȵ컯ôõѩӾȻϹ۾Ŀ
˵ҺѩԺɻˣȡʲôֺأ
Ŀ
ӵĿ룬ֻûһƲ飬ȻԺɻӵĻ档
ѩǲûϰ
κЦŴȤ룬εһ
κȣҲô˵ܸ磬ܸİ
װĵģı⵽
Ľǡ
ЦţоĽı顣
ҵˣĵĻ˾
ôǮô
޵ɴ۾ŽģǱǾȡ
ҿôǮô
񣡡
κȣ룬ͬ˵ţҺĵ˵ͷ
һĺߣôôүӲԶأ
죬˱ӵ
ȥ֮һҪүӰ˽ǵǮ³
ҡӦɽ֮Уһ
ǰţҪץסȴΪʱӰѾʧ˺ɽ֮С
ɽڣһƬ֮䣬ڵֲָ
ҹ飬ԴҲֻһССء

κȴӽָóһǿֵ磬һֵ磬˲䣬ΧͬʱҲ֮еޡ
һϹʲôΣô죡
ǰмֵ֮ɫ
Ȼ޵ĳɵʱദhĴʲô˵ʲôƬ½ټ鴿֮ˡ

֣޳ָָź֮и

ħһֲɲĴڣܹεǵ
ǽģʱҲ֢״ǳںͣĻӾζȵȶ֮ʧʧں֮С
룬ŶȺ뿪Һȥ
ɣں֮У˫ֽӡʩһ磬ܹӻʧȥ޸С
ʧȥ˻һһֱǰţıߣ˵˺
֮УûκεĻأͬҲʧһͨͨĸ
ĽĻܣ䱸Χܷ顣
ڣڵ߲¥֮󣬶һǰһ󵽴˺Ķˡ
һúɫʯڣһֻˮ͸󾲾ڰУƺ޺ͽĵĳ֣ɫĹâ˸ţâɢ֮󣬱һλˮɫŮӣĿŶˡ

1776 ͷʹ

1776  ͷʹ
ˡ
ŮģЦţ֮еƺҪؼһе񶼰У񼫵վǰҲһʹǰǺúˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôʥﱦɢĴâƽͣκεĽ֮ⶼʧĸɸɾ
ˣҵˣ
ǰϥڵϣޱȡ
ڵϵޣеЦԾޱȵᣬǴĸԴԼĺһ
ˣҵȻܾ޾Ĳۡ
ûУҵˣٶĿҲĸԸ
޲˵ǲ˵ѻҲȥԣΪǰһеĻԶᱻʶơ
ˣųh
Ȼڽĳֵһ˲䣬㿴˽ǹļ̳ˡ
Цţô˵վǰûΪŮҲԶŵʥԼֵҪ࣬Ӧء
ô꣬ȴǰ
˵仰ʱЦţЦССĵƤ
ܾúܾǰĹ񡭡һ˻ͷ۵Ůӣڿתֻز׺仯Ҳùļ̳ȥԭĶϰ
ǰĺܶô
ʵҲöݹһμʱ⣬֮ݡ
ǽ֮󣬲鿴ϢȻһȴǸɳͷ۵顣
Цţҡҡͷ֣޳ָԼĳ
ǰһúӣʲô飬ʼĴֻеʱֶαȽѡ
ô꣬Ѿ࣬ܵĹİ
ǶǺܾǰˣҪʧˡ
ˣǻسhɣǶڵ㡣
ˣ
Ļסˣ֪Ųִʲô˼
ˣ
hѾ̫̫ˣ
һ֣ĺǰһĻųh顣
ԶʱԶŴеһȻӵ֪ʶʼ޷û̬
Զħս䣬մȾѪҺûΪࡣ
֮£ЩߵҲû࣬γ˳h壬һֱ
׼ȷ˵h岻ԶʱѪҺĴڣӦôôá
ڳhľףڣhѾûбҪڴǽˡ
ΪΣ
Ĳ޲h弸ǧˣΪûбҪڴǽС
ʱתֻǰһǣˮ͸֮ȴһ˿˿ɫϢЩɫϢٶʴ
ħ硭
ţħڳֳhʱұȾħħԶʱĴħǹģ
֪ʲôҲ֪ҪôһжûκôˣһֱȥĻռΪħĿܣhˡ
ûκΰ취ô
ԶŴħȻѾ𣬵걻Ѻڰ˾УħħΪľԶŴħ
֪ģħħһжΪ˸ԶŴħһԶŴħ֮ǽ罫һƬ֮С
ΨһֹԶŴħķӱɽͼеֻ̣Ҫҵ̱ħԿʱܹѹסԶŴħ
һ˵Ҳ˱üɣױúҲҪԼϢ
ˡ
һεϥڵϣһĨЦ⸡ڴ֮ϡ
ܸܵõ˵ƣۣôˣһֱףǴδڡ
ѾһУһеľ
ޣһɽˮĵطҷٻ٣h岻ԳΪǽˡ
ǣˣ
£óΪ˱ģһźɫϢС
õ뿪ɽվɽɽۣ޻Ŀ⿴Զ
㣬ʲô㣿
˵Ļ
ת޵Ŀڽģκȣϡ
ҴӦǣֻҪҵһԵֵһ١
˵ţȫɢɫâ漴ĵɫĹâֱע˽˵֮С
סֵֻܵһ١Уܸʶǡ
һеѣһƬһƬѩз׷£ͬʱ޵˵Ҳڽʧ
Ҳܸʶ
Ц⣬ڴǣû̫ϣĿһʧ֮䡣
ѩԾţ֮£ѩӨ͸
վɽɽãĵ˳ʧĵطһ˾Żߴ½н
ϴƣ˸˳ȥģôʣĸ˻ˣѵ˵ĸ˶ɽ֮УҪȻǱɱˣ
ģϴһ·϶žģϲԱһκƽ£ǮǮѾνˣֻҪܻ´󼪣պһո
ڣͣ˻ߴ½ĽгҪͽǰУ½Ͳ½ı߾
˵ģǵһô˾ӵһУǷ˻ʦ
Ѿ൱һʱˣȻ˵ǮˣҲ˲ٵ鷳
ϣľһ۾͵˾ӣóԺúȵϢһʱ䡣
۷ز½г̿ζڿһ֮󣬽һ˺ִ˲½ı߾ֻҪڳȥ½ʱͿԻص˾ˡ
Ҳ֪Ϊдг̣˵ߴ˷ԭʱ·һƬããɭ֡
ǰһɽׯҪҪסһϣ
ۿɫҪǰؿ飬ûţʱһϹܼģߴţ˿һ˲ɵһ¡
λк£
šɫĸڹ󱦵ؽסһϣ֪ǿԸǮ
ɣͲظǮˣסһѡ
ƣĸɫƣýɽׯһϡ
Ϲܼǰĵں;ɽׯõʱ߸ڴкŲˮϵı쳣ķŭ
Ųʲô˼Ƕһʱˣ峤ô
·ϹܼұŲŲͣ½Ų˿˵ˣ̬ȺƵЦЦ
ү԰꣬峤ǻ˯֮Ʋ̳е飬λүλС㹫ӲҪǡ
£Ųת᷿ȥ˸Ų᷿С
ίλˣЩ飬Ϸ㲻ˣ֮ʱϷλò͡

1777 

1777 
лŲ
ЦţĿŲ뿪
᷿һԺ棬ԺУϿŽʧеŲԼһˮ
Ƿˡ
ţȻ˵ǽ߱鲼ǺߵķˣǡǡΪûκΪԵʣŲᱻǽӰ졣
ǽٶ˵Ǻǻһ˫нûΪ˵κӰ졣
ϢһɣþûڴϺúõ˯һˣ
ص˷׼˯Ҫ˯ţɽׯȥˮò͡
Ͼסڱ˵ɽׯҲ˼ܾǿ⣬κ˸ɽׯˮ鿡
ӰڷŸ־µʳ˵һ߸һһӿţӦǸɽׯׯλá
˽ɽׯôʱҲׯ֡
žһڶ˺ݺݵˤеĿӣеķŭ֮жôŨˡ
ׯʲô˼ⶼʲôʱˣǲǴˣǣ
ү԰꣬ׯʹˣʱ飬ūȥһߡ
Ų뿪˴ǰĳŲˡ
ʲôèɽׯһĴء
үеİèָ˭˵ȻףеĿ׼үһİסˡ
ԷɣԷȥϢ
ܲ
ݺݵҧһֻȣǿڮ˾ӵҲ򣬸Щˡ
ԷɣԻ²ס죡
ֱӽһֻѼӶǰķУүô˵ٴ
ڴʱʾԼλүȻһ˳鴤ϣ漴һ˵϶
ȫĹ̽˼ϢĹǰӻүʱ˶ȴΪһʬ塣
ô¶
֪үôˣ˵仰
˽˺ðҲүػȷүѾˡ
ʱµķ嶣죬ĵĿ⿴Ƿ壬ɵüͷ
ԷʱүͻȻˣɽׯɽ֮УٸŲἰʱֻ֣ýүʬʱ֮Уȴŵɽ鿴
᷿СԺУĸ˻صԺУŹǷлصϢ
Ŀǿ˿ģҡҡͷ
ǲҪ֡
ѽ磬ֻǽһ϶ѡ
κҲ֪ʲô˵һֻǽɽׯѣүڷҲûйϵ
ҹɫɽׯ֮Уڶȥ˱꣬Ҳֹ뿪ĽŲ
ʱһصڱУɽׯǷ׷׾ۼɽׯС
ֻ찭үŵүҲˣװʮң˱һģǿֲ
̧̧ߣôˣôˣ
ɣżҵ䣬˭ǸأᱻػصĶħ˵
˵żҵСС㣬ʮأصɴ˫ۣоǿ־֮⡣
仰һɫҲࡣ
һĿĿɶΪǸأһʼѹͲʲôĴ˵ˣĪѵǺйϵô
㿴
ʾŵķ壬Ҳ֪ǲǴɣ˵żҶеװΣڷװŵķһʼ߸үˣִ
˼
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣȤ
ʲô䲻䣬뿴ֻʲô
λܾˣû뵽ɽׯᷢ顣
᷿ԺͤУһߺŲһŲʲô
ŲģҵȶԱزȤֻ֪ԭί
ŲЦţȻ֪ǰ˶ԱûȤΪĸ˵˾ӵˡ
λͣȻϷʲôߣȴҲ֪λȻżҵıظȤ
ŶŲô֪ǵݣ
棬Ҳûб¶Լ˾ӵˣɿŲƺ֪ǵˡ
ȻλϴŵƣԼϴŵϷһ֪ܵһ
Ų̸ºͣһ˵ԼķһЦĸˡ
λĪҪżҵ飬Щ鶼ׯļƻ֮С
Ųģһֻ·޶ѣֲ뷲˼飬¹˾ӵ档
ôһ˵ŲҲͷ˵Źżұص顣
ǰ֮ǰѣżҵׯһأ֮Žɽ˵һ澵ӡ
˵ţһľӣԿǰ飬Ҫӣͱ׼Ϊ׽ˡ
ʱׯûݡ޵Ϊǽһ澵˵£ɲ֪ΪΣǾӾȻԼҸׯصɽׯ
֪Ϣ˱׷ɽׯ֮УҲҪׯӣɽׯ˵Ϊۡ
գ˵ǰׯΪ˾ӡ
ˣҲȥˣΪ˱ҲΪ͸ůżҵ˰ᵽɽ֮С
ǲ֪ô¶ż侵ӵĴ˵˵һׯھУǾӱ֮Զˡ
֪ǰꣿأ
˵ռʦԤԼʲôģпԭһ澵ӡŶȲߡ
ǾҸһۣһѰѰľӶѣûκ֮ɲ֪Ϊα񣡡
˵ʱŲε̾һ
ǱؾǾô
ţһׯ֮󣬱ر㲻֪٣˵ҵӾҵ˱أׯѸߣеЩ˶ǶԾĴа֮ˡ
Ųôһ˵ĵҲүү
үүôģǶ˺档
ʱ˵֮䣬һ˺ѷεĲҽһ𣬵˵ʱֻԭȥүүųǰ˫۳ֳɫץס˵ĲӺݺݵţҵѾ˶ˣҶ
Ųⳡ棬δǰֹүүĿʬڽ֮󣬼ǰֻʣˡ
ΪʬͬһĨɱδˡ
֮е˳ϣŶȣһĮĿŵŵĸˡ
ŲҲǰø豭
ׯɻ⡣
ɣֻǸŮӡ
˵˵ŮӵȴʮֵϳǣȻһϰʮ
һĻЦԭˡ
ĵѾˣʲôصׯڡ
ԭս磬Ŀ⴩͸ɢ΢΢̾һ
Ƿ˻ߵ磬ᣬǱԡ
Ųлҵȸˣ
£ת֮ǰһҩ׳ǵҩ׼ȷŲС
ǣ
лɡ

1778 ֵ

1778  ֵ
ҩûʲô̫Чãֻһʮѡ
͵ŲǱл
뿪ʱɽׯһ˴ٶȥ½Ͳ½֮ľվķʽǳ˴ϺʱɣȻֱӳаһص˾ӡ
һĺֻҪյʱͿԵﺣһߡ
ڼװϣźǵһߣɽׯз顣
Ľ㣬ɽׯô
ţ룬ǲֻǷ˵Ļȥ
ʱ䣬һֱ⡣
ĸֻǺеķˣҷ飬᲻
𰸣ǿ϶ġ
ڵߣķʽǰΪ㳤Զ⣬ַ֮ļɻ䣬ǵҪ£Ҳ˺ˡ
ˣ¶ȥˣ˵ҵЩׯҵǸӣǰ֪֪꣬꣬
ľӣǲǵһ·ңû˻ô
ɵҪľӣһдڵĿô
һۣħֶΣľӣͺͱüҵ³һˣ˵ҵˣɽׯᱻΪƽء
ôһ˵Ҳͷʾͬ
ҲǹüҵѾ˵һеģ֪֪ľӣʣˡ
ϣһ˾ӣ֮һ¶κ񣬺úõһ棬ԼŸ٣
˵⣬ԴŽġ
öϢһ³ô԰סκλ
ǾȥƺɽׯΣ
ԲۣļٵģûƭҰɣ
һ˵Ҫȥƺɽׯ룬ɴ۾Լһ
ģ仰ɵ棿
˵ı飬κȺǲ⡣
ƺɽׯʲôط
ӣҸ˵ƺɽׯ½ǽ綼ǰĶȼɽׯǳԺöȻǷ棬һһĴڣ
һ뵽һ֮ȥƺɽׯȼ٣˵˼㡣
ʳ޷ѣ
ȫԺ֣еǮһζڹ棬ҿЯ
Яĸֵֿ˼¡
ҪŻѩӣҪ塣
ˣһλȥһҪҺúȰһȰ׺塣
û⣬Ͱˡ
ƺɽׯ
ƺɽׯ
ںнһ죬ȵ˯ֻǣһĸо
΢΢üͷ˫˼װϣɫ֮»нһ󴬣ݵ൱ɫ֮¶ܿݻĹâϵıŷţӦòǺ
ɲԼĴװε˽±˲֪һ
ɶ
κҲվڽߣĿڿĴ󴬡
¹֮£нĸˣҫ۵ĽҲеЩ˫ۡ
ɶ

ϻҵȻ֪Ǵˣҵ˼ǣʲô
һǰһҺ뷨ǸǸɵӣԼߴ˻֦չ
֪ûСһЩҪҪȥ
˹ȥεʱ򣬴ϴһܹ»ãȵѹʱ򣬷ԼѾڴˡ
ӭλҵĻƽϣ
ǰһɫˣ˳úǿһͷںڵĳɢţͷϴűʯƷÿһűʯֵǡ
һ˫ʯ纣һӣһĸо
ˣ
ˣô
κǵһμ㣬һ㡣
ʹ֮£κ˺üۡ
ꡫ
κȴӿռָóһƬ
Ȼ˵ʱ䲻ܰƬӡ֮С
źûдǴ˴ӡ
꣬꣡
κǶţƺе£֮κȰ˺üƹá
ŮӣеĶǽ
ô֪
ǽ֪ԼеĶ
ܾǰҲһŮͬĶգһҳӡ
еɫâԽҫֵۣʱ⡣
λСѣȻҵĻƽϣǿѡһ
˺ˬýѡһı
վ԰һδǿɲϵڱĺ¶
վԭأ΢΢һ¡
ѵǲϲƽϵĽƱô
ϲĿʲô
˫ֶżˣҪʲôɲƽ޹ʵĽƱ͸ǡ
Ŀģ
Ŀֵʱ΢΢üͷ
ǰڶ˵Ļࡣ
һǰĿڽĺκȶ˵ǻƬ֮󣬿һ˵
ܹ¶ֻҪǸһٷһ׸裬ҸˣǻصʵС
ƾձһѻƽΣŶϣһĿ⿴ˣ˿˵ԹԵһʫʫʵĩβ˵һλɬѶ֡
ȣ֪Ǿ仰ʲô˼ô
κȵı飬Ȼ֪Ǿ仰˼
κתͷ˿ˡ
ȷ֪
š
ðɣһ仰˼*****
һӢ̫ޱȣκȻŵķʽһߣɼҲü˽üͷ
Ҳģôô࣡
ҲĻҡҡͷʾܸͲʫʵãǺһʫʣĩβһӢģ֪仰ҲֵĻ
Щʫʶ׵ʫʡ
׻֣
Ȼ֪˭ʫҲܹһģ˵׵ʫѾúˣΪζҪʫʺһֵĻ
ǣǰʫ׵ʫԼȥģûĻӦ֮ǰǸŮӽġ
κȰһۣ˵Ŷ֮
ŶԭˣҾ˵ôôõʫôһ֮ԡ
Ǹɶȱʫˣ˵ɣôܳ򡣡
˿ܣǽ˽绹˵ǽΨҲ˲ſɽĻĸֻܴڱĵز
û뵽Ȼ֣֮𾳽۷ǿߣһֱ˼µˡ
ղѾ˵ˣҸˣһ˾ǻȥҴҵһأĸŮıء
ᵽǸŮӵʱм֮⣬Ŀ˿κȡ
ȺҺȥұء

1779 ꣬Ҫô

1779 ꣬Ҫô
κȺˣ봬ڲȥѰұء
һƽ𴬶ѣܴȥ
ɵĺ봬յһ˲䣬һЩԼҭ
ⲿȻǸƽ𴬣ȴǴǬɽӲһУﻨٻš
˵Ļ˵ؾɽ֮УֻҪҵ˱ؾͿ뿪
ô죿
뿴˿ġ
ô죬Ұɣ
ʲôӣֻҳǸˡ
סһľͷıӣûʲôص㡣
ţֿңСһЩ
ŽСģ˭Ҳ֪᲻ɷʲôΣյ顣
Ҳǣ
ĺ˷ֿ߽ɽȣԼʱ֮ûҵӶҪۼһΡ
ɽȿȥ󣬵һССľͷҪɽУҪҵ̸ס
ѾѰһʱʲôûз֣ĽֱӴӵγܲõƤ
ɽ֮С飬С鲢ǵһμܾ࣬ǰŮźܲһϢ
ʲô
ϵϢ˸о
СɽΪۼóĲܸܵȻĴܸоϲͬѰǲ֪ʲô
ǰһСΧԼߣĴǸֳһĨЦ⡣
Լһɵɵӣ޵ԴҲһ¶
ǶʶС鶼
ʲô
СǺǲ⣬ǺӽĵķԸʶĺѶˡ
жֻСϷɵĵܵģˮεģ֮͵СӦоС
һ⣬벻ûС״̬
룬룬ǵΪ֪ô仯
СǺΪѣȻصûľ飬̫ǳڵֻ̬ά̶ֶ̼ʱʱ䣬ȻҪ棬ȴ¾ۼ֮һα任С̬һɽõľɫǴδľ
ܺã˵ܰǱڵ̬һҪλرأ
ĵĻСһ˷ˣһɴ˫ۣǿһı鿴Žġ
ôĻǱڵ̬ô
ǿԣҪһæС
˫ֶżЦǰһС飬ȺСΪĶǳhˣѡ
ȻҲȥƭЩСֻҪСǰԼҵӣҲسŵ
ãҪʲôȥң
һľӣܾǰһŮɽ֮еıľӣֻҪҵӣͿԻңʱһŵԣǱ̬
Ļ£СһѷʧڣԵķɱȥѰԼľӡ
ۿһʱʱйȥˣСȴû۷ȥʱ롣
뿴ĵʱҲһ¡
ô
ߵߣ˿ܣɽʵǺܴһʱʱѾˣôŶûҵľӡ
ô
ûУϺ͵£ܲضĵطҶһ顣
̯֣ʾԼѾΪˣͨһ˵ϣ뿿ںӰŴͨһ½һ˺С
ҵ
ѩӵѩ֪Ҫȥߴ½һֱŻߴ½еôˡ
ҪӺʱ򣬹ཹཱུˮݴӺвϵķӿϣ񿪹һһһһӰӺг֡
һˮɫĳ˫Ц롣
Σʯͷء
񣿡
˵µģиũɽߵӱߵʱԼͷ˺棬Ȼͳˣũǽͷͷͷճǳʵũ˵Լͷ񽫽ͷͷҲ͸ũ
˿еöмʯͷִӺ˽Ӻӡ
ҵģ
СӲѡ񣬴ȫҪ
񿴵Ľöȫ½ʱһɱˡ
꣬㲻ʵ
Ȼأɣ
ǰһִںļϣһִӻóͽ
ҪǺĻҵŮӽľͷʲôط˵ˣҪٲҸٲȻʮⶥ
꣬Ҫô

1780 

1780  
һֽӵĿ⿴룬ɫɫˣǰΪҪ
ʮⶥؤһô
ֵܣҪһ顣
ָָԼָָģߺǿˣҴҶ𾳽ǿߣһ˭Ӧס
ҾͲ˵ˣ𾳽һɰСܣҶλô
ʮ֣صĽǰĽģҽÿһŻ˵ݶ˵ĸݡ
ļ̳ߣϹŮ˾ӵϴžβԶŻޣһϹô⻹û˵꣬ϹħǺڰļ̳ߣ
Խ˵ţЦݱԽĲ§źļҲԽúǸеģҪȻһԺʲôͼ
ɶ
ڰ͹ֵʱ򣬺ԵſˮµĿŽģֱȫȷǰŮ˾ǹ̳ߵʱ۵׸ֳһĨ־֮⡣
ȻʶģҴ־ĿвѿóںܾúܾǰһԺһЩر飬رʲôľͲö֪ȻҲ֪֪ľǱľʲôط
˵ıľӣװŵıʮֹء
࡫
Ѿ֪ǶٴſˮĿͣڽĵϡ
ôˣ
仰۽ģǳ໹Ƣ͵ֱֺ
ĥĥˣϿ˵ǸŮӽľӷʲôط
§źֱ۸Ҫ֪ľӵ䣬ƺͱˡ
ΪƹɽӵҲǿߣǲģϼһҲ뿴ǽ絽׷ʲô仯᲻ĺԶЩϼһԤԵһ
û뵽붺һЩߣȻ˹ļ̳ߣ
Ŵǰ֣ţĺܹ
ôô
ˣڵĺ񣬽ĶЩп˿־ͷ۵ɫĺ棬ǰ׶һЩʲô¶
ңҲ֪غʲôطҲʱϴģʱǸŮˡ
ԼģĲ֪ľʲôط
ȷ
ȷ¶ƭʲô˵ûʲôô
ٴΰһ룬ûбҪѣϾԼΪҪ
˵ǸŮˣʲô˼
ϵ˼Ůӵʱ򣬹ҲһΪҸʱˡ
Ůӵʱ򣬺иֳһĨ֮ɫǸŮӣǱϾ࣬ޣټȾز
ԭҪòԼѪҺȻŮŮȴǾܾˣ˵ȻҴҶţҲõľɫˣһԡ
ĻŮҪһҪֻתٴѰˡ
ԣ˱һֱʻŻƽʻں֮У½ϣΪľŮת
ʱʧˣһʱȥˣ˲δŮת֮ˣ䣬˷Ůӷеһš
дŶ˵İԼᣬͬʱҲ֪һѪҺȻҲʧȥһֵ
ʱǶ֮ŮӲ뿴ΪԼܵκ˺Ǻѡתֻأ뿪֮ǰŮΪ׼һ˻ƽ𴬵ɽ֮С
˿Ѱңδҵľӡ
ԣǣ
ɻƽǼǼһץһңҵȻã
ֱ̯ʾΣҲ֪ľʲôطòã԰ﲻ˶ˡ
Ů֮ʧ˺ܳܳʱ䣬ⶼˣȴûҵŮӵתҲ֪ҪҶȥ
Ϊ˸еֵϾֻһŮӣޣҵˣɰ֮Ҫˡ
ĽˣҵԼĹԼĿģ˻ȥɡ
ǸɶҪû¶Ļͷ뿪
֣ô˵ҲǺ񣬱ôţǲе̫ˣǱͬпˣ׼ҪЦ
ɿ֣񶼲֪ľʲôط˭֪
ʱԭɢȥѰľӵСص˽ߣֻСΧڽĵΧ˵Źľе顣
ҵˣҵľӾںӵף޷ó
СǱʾѾˣǻ޷ľӴӺӵ
ĺСǰ̶УҲĴȥ֪һֱıľ浽ʲô
̶ϣ뽫ľӴԺ̶˳ľһˮĻأӼ򵥣ȴЧֹˮʴ
Ӧþˣ
Ŀ˿룬ҵľӡ
ǵĽأ
ǰѽǵĽ
СǰԼҵľӣǵĽأ
Ȼǣ
˵ţһӣָѪҺ뵽˺̶֮У̶ǣѪҺں̶еʱ峺ĺˮȻʼĵ
ÿں̶֮ԡһµʱȻõҪĽ
Ѫôô
ĿŽģ֪ĵѪҺвͬڳ˵ر֮û뵽ôһСεѪҺȾ̶̶ˮ
ħѪг
ĸź̶̶ˮΪʲôһСѪҺ֮±ɺɫԭһΪԼѪҺͬһ˵ѪҺɽ֮棬Һ̶̶ˮ̺֮ǿԶ໥ãڿĻ档
ԭˣ
Ȼǲôףŵ˼ˡ
ȵңҲһȥ
㲻Ҫȥô
뿴һ۸ĺһʲô
棬ٺ٣
ԹǾµģǵ˿־ĵز
ڸǺ棬Ѿȫսʤ˿־֮⡣
һѪܰѺ̶ˮȾ죬ʧ֮ٴλصǽ磬ǲǵʲô
ԭ·صĽĵ˻صƽ𴬼װϣκһ̵ζϣϵĲ˶ҲССһڡ
κȿĵʱεҡҡͷʾԼѾˡ
ȫвͨʲôʳ㶼ϲ
ްѾҵˡ
İҵľֱӵǰ
ҪĶѾҵˡ
Źǰľӣ˱һĽľӱڻУһӣһľӦ
ģͺҲŲȥҪľ浽װʲôڿľɵʱһı鶼޷ݡ
ûľװĲǽɽʲôϹҲʲô⣬ɡ

1781 

1781  
ǰֻ˴óɣִһԶһ뷹һ߳ŷһ߳ɣǳζʳһ
κЩܣķȻȲһɣ
뷹һɣķ˷룬һ˫ɫӿ˿ĵˡ
ܺãȻҵľӣұ뿪뿪֮ǰҪӦһ顣
˵Ļȷĸ߽ĸˣֻдӦ˵ſ뿪ҪȻԶڻƽϡ
뿪ƽ𴬺󣬲Ҫշ顣
ģԲᣬҲӶˡ
˷ģһǾԲ̫ˡ
ܺá
˴һӣǰһѣΣǰŵĻƽâɢ֮ʣһλصԭĺϡ
Ŀκȣκȿ룬ҲãȻĿŵһеǷģֻǻһ
ָϸ΢˿ڸ߽ģƽϷ鶼ʵڵġ
˻ƽһ¶һ֮˶԰ž˲½
Ѿ֪жõʱ䣬һ죬һ꣬һ꣬һ̤½أоů
ص½ΪĹϵڴ󶫹ͣһϣȵ֮ͣڳ
ջУ˳ŷκȿϵķѾ֪ٴ̾һ
ȣǼأ
Դ뿪ƽ֮κȶԼĳձʾĻ֮⡣
ÿγԷʱֻн˷ȫԵøɸɾȳյĿ϶κȻǾùһء
ôһӲˣΪɶͱȲһ㣿
˺˲ǼˣΪŮ˵˵岻ͬ˵һѣȴա
ٰĿοţȺһЩ
ҹɫ֮УԾɲϵ£˳Է׼ؿջϢʱȴˡ
ģ룬κȣ
Ϊ׵ӿŽ˱жˡ
ǣô
Ҳû뵽ǻڴ󶫹Ŀջֵܡ
Ķʱֵܺԯһ˴Һ˾һԯһˣ˵Ҳʮֺˬ˾ӵֵܽϲһֵýĵѡ
Ļֵ˾ӣԸ߼Ƹֵ¶ΪҷһЩ飬ֵܲò뿪˾ӡ
û뵽Ȼڴ󶫹Ŀջֵܡ
ǵĵ
ᵽҼҼˣҲֵܵ׵ʱֵϵıҪôΪѾжôΪѣʲôһ
ôˣǲʲôѴˣ˵зء
лˣֻ¶ҵ۶ӣ̯ҲֻԼܴ鷳ˣ
ԭίģҵڼڴ󶫹Ҳ壬Ҽͼ˶ߣеɾ¡
ʣĸӣһŮ˵ʮĽ
ҵȻ٣ΪĶǿ֮УССѾ˻ͣϲһ޸֮
ҲйסҼͷ˵ؿ飬ԼҲԲ˺С㣬Ȼһμѻ
ҴеĵΪһξ֮ϣȶ˴ţ˵ᵽʱСɻˣ嶼С
Ϊ˸ĸµţǿֵܡ
ⲻֵĴϲŻص˴󶫹֮õĳɻ󶫹棬ҲҵĹ͡
дҪõǮǴ岻٣׺͵ǸǮִŵˣְѿⷿԿ׸ŪˣǿƻⷿĴţſⷿеĶһ١
˵ֵڲòƤȥ̵䵱ȻȡһЩȼãȵҴ˿ⷿԿ֮ڰѶ䵱
ĸһԡ
벻֪ʲôĻҼͼˡ
żǮôһЩȥãȻҪϢģ
ֱӽһöֵָǰֵ˿˿ϵĽָеĸм֮޷Ա
ģҶȹѹأһĵġ
˭ûиѣˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣֵֵýύ֮ˣҲȻġ
ָжٲҲǲ̫ˣмӦҶȹһεѹˡ
Ȼϲ£ҲȻҪμСĻ
ңլ
ף˵˾ӽģκȣ
峤峤ˡ
ò˵峤峤˳һ㿡ҴһͲѿ˶֮ߵĺˡ
˵˾ӵСһǸ֣һš
峤ɽ͵ĿŽˣһԵЦţ¿ŽĺκȣŶ˿ɷ䡣
ףĺȶѾδͱǵˣȥðɡ
϶Ƴ̾һ̫Լĸʲô˼ֻǽĺκȵѣûκηǷ֮ģĸ׵ľٶ˺ΰ
ѽ׾ǿСѾͷÿжһЩ
˺ϲĺκȣӻóöɷ˵㵱͸˶ˡ
һȻʲôֵǵĺö
̫ˡ
ǶұϲԵţ
գ˽öǿ˽ĺκȣϵϵһ˲䣬ȴԺ˲٣ȻʲôҲһüǮ
֪˻Ǯִŵһ˼ˡ
֮󣬽κ˱լ᷿ΪСҪɻĹϵͷѾס˱ͣþƺòдš
ԺУԪε̾
ҪҴһֱڼּңͱҵܹˣ
峤˶ǴӵܣڻǮûκθֻҪϲֻҪϲͣ˵൱ˬ
˵Ǿ仰һֱѳҵĲȨլԺᱻͳȥ
ԪѾȥˣҪǲٳõĻ
Ϣɶ¶ֱȥҾУ
á
ĿԪʧеıӰŲ豭εҡҡͷ
ŶǳܹҲȴӵԼ׻塣
峤ɽ뻹ˣ˲޶⣬ֻǳʱϰûڼҲĿʼѳҲ
ҪȻͷˡ

1782 Ҫô

1782 Ҫô
գ󶫹
ĻϢѾɸ봫˾ӣȵμҵĻ֮󣬱۷˾ӡ
ò˵󶫹Ů
ϴôãɫɫŮǴ󶫹ŮȴһĴڣһС
ôҪҪȥ֮Һѩ˵һ˵˵ڴ󶫹һЩŮͱѩһϵˣ
Ļ˲ɫɷףתͷһεı鿴
ֵ㵱׵ܵܣǲҵĸ磬Ҿǵ֪ͣʲô˼ôûжκ嶼ѩӵģ
һıԼѩӵİ޷ģκ˶Ȳ˵ģǵһЩõ˶ѣҪְ˼ѩ֮Ĺϵ
ǣǵͣͲ֪ѩǲô룡
𰡣ø絥ȥôòиŮϹ۾ϲңɱ
ĵı飬Цš
ղСĻѵϢһ죬ĸ˱ڴ󶫹й䣬׼ȥһЩز
ģ
κŶվһ̯λǰ̯λûˣǰڷС̯λϵȴע⡣
ӵʱ򣬽ĵıһ£ĴѰ̯λˣֻǰ̯λ˺һҲ˹
ôˣʲô𣿡
ոһЩĥʯСʱ㿴ĺκվС̯λǰ֮˻վԭأʲô¶ô
㻹ǵľô
̧ͷ
˵ľĸֵʱҲС̯λϰڷŵӡ
Щľô
ţ뵱յС̯λһģһ
ûйŹָ˵
ĸֵȿƬ̣ɻС̯λ˳֡
λϲ̯ȥʲôط
֪糿ʱͿһ̯λǳֵʱ̷뿪ˡ
ϲҡҡͷҲ֪ϰȥʲôطϰ֮ǰֻǽиһ飬С̯λҪ˳ƷĻǮ
ҪЩСô˵úܣô
ϲı飬΢΢üͷӻóöССöѰȴǸ߶ļǮ
ö̯λϵöľӣС˽ָ֮С
˹ν֮Σ֮ҪȥһľκϢȵ˾֮ҲҪúõһүӣү֪ѾľΪʲôһγڲ½ϡ
ҹɫ󶫹
ĵڽתһʱ䣬ҲûвκĴڣľ˹ǺԶԶ޷֪˵Ϣ
صҵʱѾǺҹˣμС˸Ƕǻľٰ֮ա
ڴ󶫹ڲ½ǴһĴڣֻϲرĵ͵μӻȴǲ١
һΪڲ½һҲΪֵܣΪԲԼĸ˴µţķ͡
ǰɣұϾǴ壬Ǵ󶫹ļ壬֮СķȴһѰѰͨ
Թű㽲ŵԣŲԵģ˳Ц
ȥҺ棬ʲôܳΪҵŮ
ߣһȥ
Ԫ˵ԣǴ󶫹Ͽտȡ˹յ˻ʵ۵ãҲ֪ΪҵĹϵΪʵĹϵڵݱǰҪĶࡣ
ǣǾסСݷС
ԶԶأ㿴Ժⲽмʱ˷ǽһԼ·һһվ֮ûһͣЪġ
ʲô
֪
ӿ̫˷ˡ
пܣ
ĸڷϿԣԣδԼҷϵĽĵˣڳϺһֿ֮ʼⲽ
ôҿĶˣ
ȥԣһƣʵʵȥֱȥ˯
ڴʱ֨һԺĴűƿ
뷿ŵ˽ĵδģõֻһа˿ʮֲˬ
ֻߵǰ˫ֽץס죬쳣׺ݣ޲ýж˿һ㡣
һƾʲôȥΪޣȲ㣬ΪʲôΪǵɣңΪʲôң
Ŷԭˣ
Ԫɿ֣
ֵԲкԪԪľЩҪ
ɱ㣡
Ԫɱ⣬ֻҪɱԣ¾ҲûˣǾˣ
ںԪ׼ֵʱ򣬽һӣһֱӽԪײ
ǴϲˣɱɱĶ಻á
ڷԭ׼Ϸĸ˳ԣԺУֵֻ֣ĻԣͻᱻԪɱʱҵϲ¾ͻɥʬӵĻǷǵǮͲ֪ʱܻˡ
ʲôˡ
ǰ·ˣ
˫ֶżµĴźԪ
˵ʵԪԣվһȻöģģ󲿷Ů˶ѡԪ
һĽǸӵܣԣôǸŵ
Ȼ·˾͹ǲ¶ǳԲ˶ߡ
˼һ󡣡
ЦţǰһվԣǰǲúԪ˺ԣ
ǿϢϱŷţΪߵĺԪ֪֮޷Խĺ蹵ĿԣһۣתʧԺ֮С
лλȡ
ԣŽлĸ˵ľ֮
ڵǸˣ粻ֲܿղЩԪɱ˵ˣô²Сĵģ
¿ԣҲûʲôرʵĵطôҵŮ
λЦˣСȴһǶǵȴǼʯĥ𡣡
ԣûΪĻԱ֮󷽵ĳԼȻûߵǿΪҲûǿһİǵġ
ϲôӦһһĶԴԼϱ
ǰһ§סԣҿƶԺ䡣
˭ӭף
СһˣʥҲ־ǰ󡣡
󶫹Ĺ֪ԣ¼ҹһô˵ԣҲǴ󶫹״ԪɣӭȢС鲻ôᣬǱɳ־䵱ӭ׵Ķ顣
Һһų档
Ȼϲ秵ˣǲ֪ζΪʲôǰԣܺԵ
⣬̫鷳ˡ
˸ƨֵҲӵѣȻҪˡ
Ѿˣ֧ų棬𾳽ӭףӦòˡ
峿һϲ·ԣڶеǰˣ˸ԣһ˵Ŀ֮ǰӭס

1783 

1783 
ĵվҴǰӭӭ׶顣
ţ
ӭ׶׼ǰʱһȺŮӳֵסȥ·
Ǵ󶫹ӭ׿дͳģǲǮǽǿɲÿģ
ףǴ󶫹޵ϰ֮һĺκҲС
ҪҪģȻ
ԣЦţӻóѾ׼õĺɷȥʱһŮȴ©ı顣
ô㰡ǽǽлôУܹ
Ǻ·ϣֻҪǮǾԲÿġ
СֻôǮˣ
ԣҲѣղŵЩѾȫļҵˣûиǮˡ
Ϊѣأ
˿ǰһŮӣ׻˵úãΨŮСҲ⻰˵һ㶼١
ֻҪǮλλͻÿ԰ɣ
˭нأСͿɱҪϺܶ࣬ɱǽ㣬ܲأ
ǿЦҲգӻóһѲУһ˲䣬Ϻ˲꣬ȵǼ˲ÿһ·
ӭ׶黹ûֱסȥ·
ӭ׶ĲǱˣǽĺκȶˡ
κһЦ⿴ʾϵԣǲ⡣
ôˣǸǮô
Ҫĸ࣡
壬˭һӸôǮ
ݺݵİһۣЩǮǲ˽Ǯǰסˡ
ߵκǰЦһ˫۾гһˡ
Ӱɶ¶ô㿴ôȵģǸϽȥɣȻû˾ȥƺɽׯȼٰ
ͼɻأκȵ˵ͷһӦǺŪȥˡ
֮ǰҺͺ˶Ŀͷһʳ˶Բϣأĳء
Ǯɲ˷͵ãԼ˽ȥթң
Ϊ֤һʳȫûκιϵ˵Ǯ漴ͷֱκȸ׻ˡ
֮£ֻýָǮ˳汻˵мȫκȡ
ģ㡣
ɶ֪ôˣ
̯˫ֱʾκ˵ʲôϾǮҲǹû˽ԲǮûеģ
κȵĿ֮£εĽָŵĽָϽ
鳣۵Ҳû˽Ǯ
鳣
鳣
Թ룬Ҫ԰ڣҲǲ˽Ǯ¶
˾ÿ¶ᷢŹʣȴֹκһ˲ǮƣһΪĿףһҲǶžЩһǮë
κ̫Щ˵ϰߣҪǲǮҷһģй֮޲
ϽǮκŽÿһ·ӭ׶Žҽӡ
ҵĻٰĺ¡أ˿Ҳĵףţֻ۱ѹߵĲ
Դһ𣬲֪ʱټλʱĻȥ˾˾ӵĴԶΪλ
ˣõҵĵطλ˵ǣǷ˾ӵĲһĳ
ֵܱ˾۷˾ӡ
Ҫؼˣһ·ˣ
ֱھϣһ֧ԿǣһŹӿʼྐྵӡ
ˣȥһľ飬еϴ˵ľȷʵгֵļڱ˿ľӰӡ
ģ½ı֮أ
֮ǲ½֮أȥ˺ܻ߳Ϊ֮׶ޱ鲼ҲΪＫվĵƣټϱĵص
ȥһүӰѣ˳үӰǵ³
˿ɻǵúӶ򣬵ǵоʹۿˣүҲҺڣ
˯ȥඣϣһ͵˾ӣ˵ˣɴӦҪһµļڣʳ޷ȫ

ĲͷĻӦ룬жˣ
ȣһʱôûɲӣ
ɲһֱߣһĹûôɲӳ֣ǻһĶ˰ȣʲô
˯˵ʲô˯֮ͻǿ󣬵ʱҲû˸ҵųˡ
κҲɲӵ˼Ǵž˯ܱ֮ǿˡ
Ҳǣүʱ޿̲ڵŰɲݾƣ˾ӵÿһ˶ŰɲӸԡ
Ӵ󶫹Ѿжʱˣڣó̽ˣĸ۷˾ӡ
˾ֻ֮үӣѩƺͽī˿ҡ
үӣɵ壬ôˣ
ǲ⣬˾¶¶ȥˣ
ߺ󲻾ãһĸˣʱҲˡ
žƱ̵ĺűƣһ˻ֳɳ˲١
ɰϷĻīϲ˵ˣ
˵ˣīǰҲҸүӻһ仰
İīҵ˵һ£Ҳ˵˹ľ顣
һӣָеľһһİڷϡ
үӣľΪλһγ֣Ϣ˵ĳֹľӰӡ
ô
üͷ̧ͷĵˣֽĿϵļöľϡ
ܽľ̳̬̯ҲǸˣΪڴ𾳽硣
𾳽֮д𾳽磬ڴ𾳽֮٣Ǵ𾳽ĿǽģĿΪΣ
벻֣ҲһͷˮջᣬС˵ƽ
գڽĵ˻ĵڶ죬˾¶¶ºͻҲˣĸһһص˾ӱ㿪ʼڴڵĺˮ
ɴֱӱˮ׹˹˵Ĺˮ
öôȣŻģŸ磡
ſˮ°ѻ˵˵ڽбŵˮ׸
¡ǵʲôôһģ
ˣװ
°˰֣ѵĴʡȥһƤģҲǧ˪ˣⲻýĸǺ棬ĸ˵ʲô¶
˽ӵĵǰ졣ŭɳĮȥѰԪ飬ԶŴһԪֻȺЧȺȥɳĮĵطֻҪίи˾ӡ
ʼµҲǼ򵥵ΪֻҪһӣ˶ѡ
ǵ졣ŭɳĮ֮ĸ˾Ŀòĸݡ
֪졣ŭɳĮһͷĵطһˮ졣ŭɳĮᱻĸɸɾ
ˮΪ⡣
˵ĸ˶пռָָҲԴˮֵ֣ǣ졣ŭɳĮȻָ֮еˮһɶ

1784 

1784 
˵żɳĮΣգʲô˻С¶ҵҲС£ȱˮ
գ뿪ɳĮô󷨻ص˾ӡ
ӵ飬Ⱥ֮˵˻˾ȥӣҸǮ
һҪˮ
ֱˮ֮Уڴںˮȴѩƺק˳
ȣȳëģ
գڽĵĵ֮£ŻָѰյӣڿʵ֢״Ҳࡣ
ҹ˾δԺгտȼշž˵̸Ц֮С
˵һǰ½ȥߴ½ĻɽԼħʯȾʱ顣
ľһжоա
˾ŹɳĮգĲ˼Ƭ̡
λ˾ӵѾˣԺΣյǻٽӣϾҲ֪ǲ˹Ϊ֮
ĵĵĶ⣬磬ԯһ壬˾ӵ˳¶ٱ಻顭һ㽪Ĳ룬Ҳ£
˾ӵӮǽԽԽѾȥˣҪػ˾ӵƣţԯһ֮Գٳûжһǰеȴıʲô
УʱԯҲûڲ½ʱȴһʱ䣬ԯԾûţҪôԯԯһ©ţҪôЩסԯء
˫ĻվеľƱ
Ϊףƽһµʱҷż٣ǰƺɽׯżңʳ޷ȫ
Ŷ̫ˣ
ļٵģƺɽׯһƱͺüǧƺɽׯסһϸǮ࣡
˾һҪϢһµʱ䣬һµʱȥƺɽׯȼٸ˵ĲҪҪġ
ƿ񻶣ֱڶ峿
磬鷿кѩƺ˵һʱĿĽıһȺ˴˻
߲Ǳˣ˾ˣ졣
Ľ㣬Ǿˣʱ˾ӾͰиˣ
¶¶κȣ˾£Цţһ֮ת뿪˾ӡ
СѾͷ˲ǣһ˲٣ϷûȥƺɽׯʱɽԺͽˣϷҲȥȶȼ٣
ɽĿڷҲǰƺɽׯľʧڽǰ

˾ӽƺԺҲиأ
˵˷ż٣û˵ô죬Ȱʱ鴦ã˵ҲҪ˰
ǣѾˣɲý˵ʲô
ҹɫ˾ӡ
ֵ˾쳣ֻʣѩƺīͽġ
Ⱥûĸεļһ
ԹҲûã˶Ѿ뿪ˣ˾ӵճҪȥ
ΪԻӵĹϵīһ糿Ҫ
İۣȥĹٰɣҪһᣡ
СúϢͽҺˡ
İһҩ֭ϣýīȺҩȥ˯
ӣϰڷһѹ٣ٵʮҲ̻һֻ˵ͼڣɢһɲһӦԼʶ
ȴ˷׷˿Ĳǽīǽġ
ϰ壬ղˡ
칫˵Цˣ˾ӹĶǴɱɱӣ紵ɹģǹԽĿˡ
ҵһҲ⣬һѹٰڷǰ
һѹ٣ҿʲôְ
һԵҵ˹ڹٵһЩϸ˵ſз١
ԻˣԶŵһѾʶб˵λǶеˣҲڶԣ
ûеͼۣ߼۵ãһһſ̨ϵǽмۡ
ܿķٵļ۸ʼǣԽԽֱǼ۵
Ҫ֪ȻԶŵ٣ڲɵоһѰٶѣûʲôرĵطմԶŶ֣ǮһЩѡ
ǣ˹ڶ˵УǾʥʥκ˵Ⱦ
գİʮļ۸ɽ½ĸ֮һߡ
ڹ׼߷ٵʱǷپȻûһֱˣ˰Χڻ֮УҪǽļʱѹסǻ棬ǹҪΪһؽ̿ˡ
гֵһĻǰҲûгֹΪʶ±ɡ
Ǹİʮ
˹ٲûȥʮļǮҪǹ˾йĻȻݲ˽ġ
ڽƷûгֹŵ
ҹıŷ˹ٻص˾ԺУһ˹ϣǹپȻϵ
ҪٲŲ㡣
óʣ֮вŷ˹е飬ǻĻҪ֮𽫷˹յʣ
ô֮𣿡
һŮʣ˹֮һɫӰӻûŮӳףһ˫¿Žģǲ⡣
֮ǷľѧŮô֮ôһš
ô֮㻵һⲻ˵ʮ˵ɣô㡣
ԹôҪϲļһŰҲᱻҷɡ
һı飬ûκιϵǸܡ
һķ󿴿ֿĿڽĵϡ
ҿضԺҾסˣһͶҪϵȵ֦¶Ҳ⣬ŪһЩȵĶ
ѹûʶԼĴԽָֻҪҪĸ
ˢˢˢӰڷǰ죬С׽δм䣬˵Ŀ÷ٷһ⡣
ɶ˶۸ôΪһǣβȥ㵽ʲôˣ
ң
ո˯ѵİ׵Ҳڷǰ
˵
أˣԶŻޣŮ˲ʶ
˭Ůأһֻǰߺģ
ҲַܹţΪϹŵΪǿһһٰȺۣȻ˹ˣƾǿڻڡ
˪βԶŻΣ˲ɡ
ιǺǷᣡ
˽֮⣬׵ûôŵŮˣǷ
ڰ׵׼ֵʱ򣬽ǰһӣڰ֮УһâҲΧס˷١
ٻˣܵ˹´ģȻǴŮϱŷġ

1785 о

1785 о
㣬ǹļ̳ߣ
˵˵ҲͲNɪˣ
Ȼٺܾ¹ԭȻ֪ΪΣĿóٺܾ¹
Ǻá
⣬һֶٵ㡣
ȷ
ҷԶ巢ģһỹǮģ

ĸֵʱ򣬻ë׵üë
˵٣
Ű׵۵Ȼ˵һսķǿסˡ
ٲǽôôһѷ١
˵ˣ
˵Զʱ飬֮仰һ̵ֻķˣȻˣ;סУ˵ٵʶںһ𣬾ء
أѽ٣Ϊ˱һˣͿʼ˵ọ́Ľ˯֮У֪ǽٽٲűѡ
Ҳǽٽٱѵģ
ˣ׵ŷ٣Ƕǽٽٵʱ򱻻ѵģǲе̫ˡ
ʲôڵҲ÷ҲգֻǷ˾Ӿ޶ծˣȻˣ˾Ӵ򹤣ֱλá
԰ʮôôֱ
ڷΪλ½Ĺδ˵һ£ҲȻ߽ԭί
ʱѩƺһȺˮ˹ݵǰ
С岡ˣһʱҪˡ
û¶Сúǣȵǻ֮С͸ɵҲȥƺɽׯȼ٣úϢһ°ɡ
˭
Դѩƺֵһ̣ٵĿһֱѩƺţ۾ĹâϹۡ
һһɫӰӳѩƺǰһ˫ĺɫֱĿ
С磬ûϲˣҪûеĻ㿴Σܳ߹ᣬҶ˾ʹ˳ɻ飬Ҹޣ
һ˵꣬ٺ޲ץסѩƺʹ˶ס
ѩƺǿ񾭲һı鿴ŷ١
ѾͷնɵҲ࣬ʲô˶񡣡
£ѩƺתȥ·ٳճյĿ⡣
ιҸղɵ
תЦŽģЦдûĸ֡
ôˣ
ûôҪ˾ӣỹǷµһҪ
ڿѩƺһ̣ǺӵֶˣȻ֪ǻ᲻кӣһ뻹Ǻõġ
ףǲ⣿
֪ԺԶһ㣬մȾɵ
֪ˣף
죬С׺Ͱ׵ۿɵһŷ٣׷׻ص˽ָȥϢ
ա
ɫδĴŵʱ㿴ɨԺ䡣
һʱ䲻Ϊ˲ٰ
һμʱ򣬻һ۳޵꣬Ϊ˱Ը˾и۵Ĺ
ڣѾǸ¶ӵܣһ̵ߣĿóպһΪһۡ
Ľ㣬һûܿɡ
ҲΪüҵᱻ˾Ӵ鷳ΪɽͼĹϵȥߴ½һ·ϣҲָܵա
û¶ⲻƽôСһʱʲôˣôôߣ
üͷŶõʱ䰡˾ӵʱ򣬱ԼһߣڱԼҪ߳ͷˣ
ٺ٣ԺһŬܹһ֮󣬱ᱨ˾ӵĶ飬ʦĶ顣
Ļý΢΢̾һӻóһѳ⽣ģϾСͽܣҲҪʾŶԡ
أ˾ӵһӣСͽܣֲڣǶһˣͲ˵ʲôĻ
һѽ˱УЦš
УȻΪ˽īͽܣҪʱʱ̿̽һ飬ʦϲҳԶ۾ΪԶȶ˾ƣ㲻ʦӢŵĻٶ޵ļලͽˣȥæˣ
ţҪɹһЩ˾ճһУ˾ȥȼˣСֲţɵҲæű飬Ҳֻճɢ֮ˡ
ϣǽСϰ尡þûˣɰá
õĺܣɲҲǽ˺ܶء
˾һԵ߲˶ǴԳɲ԰ӹģɲҲԼһԴš
Ǻǰһô
ţһЩˡ
ɲõװ˲УĸʮļǮɲȴһӶûա
ϴθǮܶˣǰ԰´ˣǮա
ɲ°ɣ͵պĲǮˡ
ķʮŲȥ¼ңһЩʳ
ֵС̷ʶģѡõʳķϡ
ص˾Ѿʱ֮ˣոջص˾ӣͿԬϵӰ
Ԭϣôˣ
ԬѾ˾ӵһʱˣѽĸȻˡ
Ժ˵ˣһµʱ棬ɽԺκε鶼㡣
ǣԬϡүӸ˵Ҳô
ү뿪ʱ˵һֻЦû뵽ԬϻԼˡ
ûްҲֻܴˡ
ԬҲ밡ǿԵĻ˭Ҳ顣
ȻɽԺԺͽܣڵҲ˾ӵˣ鱾ӦҽģκԺ֮ǰһУɽԺκ飬һҪڵһʱҽġ
˵ԬŻ˾ӣһʱҲҪȽһͬǰɽԺ
ô¶
׷ʲôԬΪѡ
ȥ֪ˣ
ԬɽԺԶԶأ㿴ɽԺһˣսһֱ˶Էʮ˴
ԬϵĽ֮£ˣԭΪÿһε飬༶ĵʦԼͬϵĳϳ
ڵҪΪӪľԬϵĺƽɣҲ˵֮صԴƽ䡣
ڶǿӲɣΪȣʸ˽֮أ֮صԴ
ǱɣΪһʱҪȵԺ֮ܿ
Ǻ߳ľû೤ʱ䣬ս뺷ĳ̶ȿɲڳκһˡ
Ԭϣľϡ
ֻǿһҷĵطȥˣ
Ԭ仰а̫˼иζҲֻԬõ
ˣҶһ£Ժˡ
Ժ
Ժĸ֣һ£ʱǧƵĿˢˢתŶĵķ򿴹
ãԺˣ
ǣԺ˵һ£Ҫδ顣

1786 ϣ

1786  ϣ
ô
ô˵أɽԺСС֪ģЩΪܶɽԺѧ
ÿһεɽԺһѧʦ˵һҪ飬Ϊһε֮пԿԼѧһʱ澿е˺־硣
һ棬Ҳ֪ɽԺһʦǿߣ̵ѧǾӢеľӢ
һεıһһε֮֮ԲᣬΪľõ֮أԼѧ֮лøõ
ǣһ˻ΪԭҰһϮ˱˼׵Ȱ༶ҵȰ༶һʵġ
Ҽ׵Ȱ༶ҵȰ༶ѧҲ࿴˴˲˳ۣߣǰʱҵȰ༶ͬѧһα֮ʤ׵Ȱ༶ѧԺҵȰ༶ѧԱǸǶԼ׵Ȱ༶ѧԱ֮ᡣ
ɣһһεҲʱѰĻԺɽԺһὫűĴãҲɽԺڵ档
ƫƫɲɣȥȼˣһ̯¶˽ġ
šôǸʲôţ1
˺ðҲû˵ȻĿ˿Ŀ⣬յ˵Ƚھ֣ϾѧԺǵʵһҲá
ͺñ¶¶˵ɣûκеʣ˼ҾѰߣﶼˣ˵ԷḻԴûҲǵòԵġ
ð֮󣬽Ĳſڡ
ôȻ¹ɽԺҪÿһ˶ƽλۺһ¡
˵ԼȲκһһ֣˽Ļ
ʵĲͬ벻֮ͬأȻĿָĲò֮ǿĲͬǸÿһߵǱƺ벻֮ͬڡ
ȻеӲҪȥһ֮أҲᷴԡ
ǽ֮صԱ⴦ãҲлص˾ӣҲ֪СûаĲ˷УǱɹˣͲˡ
ɵ׼ת뿪ʱԬһסȥ·
ʲôѾźԱȥô
ΪԺҪĲǰ֮Ա⣬Ҫ֮УֱһԱ뿪֮ء
ɶ˼
ϵ˼
ԬЦǺǵĿŽģҰһύ
ʱ䵽ˣȻؼҸϱˣϱҲҪιˣһо鷳Ժˡ
£Ԭӵľϣ޶˫˫Ѽһʣ½һɵɵվԭأʮ֮ظɵۡ
ııһүӹģ
ֱʱ˿̣ĸȷһжϻ쵰Ϊ֮
ܺã黹ûˣŪ۶ӣ
ĽеᣬбŷźĹâ
ʱԶ֮ȼٵ̵ĺƺɽׯׯƼīžƣźţûɵĴһ硣
ôѲɽׯ¶ȹͣȾ˷纮
ƺɽׯׯƼī˿죬ϼһӲʵúܣҲǸȾ˷纮֢״
硫
һ˳æ˻֣еľƱһɾűı顣
Ƿ纮ȻСѾͷϷء
̫ԼͽʲôˣֵɽԺļڣȼ֮һ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ٺ١
һ̯Ӷ˽ģǰɽˮ춼֪ԼѾжûɹ
ϼһһȥѾͷж˿ô
İɣɽƣϷֶ
ЦĸǼթѾȫӦ֮ߣǻɽԺСѾͷҲܽεģ
ȾƣȾƣоƽ
Ϸ򵹾ǲײĲᡣ
ƼīȻûмģʱ˾ӵǽҲ˵˾ӵͷԼĵ˵硣
ƼīţϼһصɽԺʱ򣬾ԸģҲᱻѾͷһ
ˣǼī˵ʲô
Ҳû˵ɶԭϻúصʬѾ˾ħ磬ȺҪñúصʬ̽ʲô
˵úصʱɫЩҪĲνúصʬǳ׵׵Ľٻ١
ȥô
Ѿȥħˣúص鲻õģֻǡ
ֻ֮ĻƼīû˵ڣס
ҲֻֻˣڵǼѾʱǽ磬Ƕˣǻء
ĿתϷֵϣǾǽϣĸǡ

1787 лú˵

1787 лú˵
˾ӡ
ٿѩƺ⼸ʱ춼Ҫδѩƺڣһ糤̣־ҪͰһĵĸ
ǣпʵ˷ٺݺһƣѩƺѩƺûп
Ϊٲ࣬ҲΪٵԸ̫ѣѽҰⲻѩƺϲԸ
գܲѩƺĮֽĿתƵ˵ϡ
īһپԶԶĶ㿪Ůӽһ޴ŵʩԼϡ
磬֮صȴԱع飬Ͼǿа˴ԺְλľϺԬ϶ֵңиǻ󣬵үӻ֮һҪúõ˵˵һ飬Ķ
֮صĳϵȴһѧԱ֮ʣԶԶľ˱
ôˣ
ʱǽҵĺ·ǱüΨһĻˣȻ˾ӣҲв˽а˼˱ϣͨҵɽͼᡣ
ԣ뿪˾ӡ
ʲô¶
ˣĽ㡭٣
˵Źڷٵ飬˵˾
˵˾з飬ɫҪŮ˾ȻǿУЦأ
ȥԬϣ˵Ȼ˾ӣȴ
űص˾ӣǰŸ̤˾ӣԺ˵֮ǽһ
ʲôú˵ô㿴ʲôˣ
ģ˶޿廨ŷٷŹԼûǮûƣڽϾͱûˣʱ㿴ǰŮҪԼɻ顣
̿ĸ֡
´ԽԽ⡣
ⱭƣԺǾǷˡ
㿴ССô
˵΢ĻɷѹֻԹ׼ŻһС
٣
һŭ𣬷ŵоƱľˮһء
ȥôˣ
ٿ˿ߵıһСһ״
ڸ
Ǹʲôûɶٺ٣
һĨεЦ⸡ڴǣȽһο˵ʲôֻһ̵ʧֻ±廨ǿ˾һ޲øĿһٰʮͷԱľ֮
λӣ˼˾ӽ̵޷Żᷢ顣
ĴӻóһӲȴûнܣһŶ
лľ֮С͹޹أСҪ
࣬˵һǰλ޹أǸŮӸɵĺ¶
Ѱ˶ѣû뵽飬Ҳûҵǿ뿪ȽϺãȻڱ׽˰ܳɻ飬᲻롣
뿪ˣվ˾ǰתĿĿԺһķ١
ôÿСӣϧˣϧˣ
١
֮֮ɫŨǰȼ֮Ҫٻٷ١
ɶɶɶɶܺú˵ôҪֶţ
һλˣûѾͷ˵־Ͷ֣ǿ֮𰡣Լɳܲס֮ϴ񣬾ǲҲˣѿ
סһΣһΣҾͰѷӽéзӡ
֪ˣԲһˣ
һҪӽéֳõطһӾˣҴӦԼһںˣһúõİؼ˾ӡ
˾ӵ飬۷صɽԺԬڸľϿŹӣܰıƽ治ЦԬ˿ͬҲֻľһ˲Ԭ㡣
ʱ֮˸һââѰ֮ز֮ͬһϤĸо
ڹâµʱ֮Ķһһǰ
һʼү뽫˰ɽԺɽ֮һ֮ѾڽʱڿҪٴοҪķѾ޴ڤҹûд֮гǿпĻʲôԤ¶
ԣ⼸Զ֮أɽԺʲô֮࣬ض࣬˵ǧ֮ػϹ֮أԶ֮Ҳкüġ
ټϼǳ֮ĸүҲ˶ȻƽĹ
󣬶³̣κȣų磬ԣɢǿϢ֮䣬ÿһ˵Ϊ̤𾳽硣
ģǻˣ
˿ŽģЦ׷׸ڴ֮ϣˣҲЦ쳣ġ
Ѿģǻˣ
һǻԼ˵Ĺϵּʧ䡣
ڤҹԾû뿪֮ء
뽪Ļص˾ӣûκȱŽκȵȥ
İɣƺɽׯȼء
һ˵ȼ֣۵׸ֳһĨЦ⡣
˾Уȼյ˶ߣһ˽ǰ
ڵڤҹô
֮ô˵ΪҪ뽪˵ǹڤҹ
ģٵʱӦڤҹ
Ӧڤҹʲô˼
ĲĿŶ󣬶˵̤֮𾳽Ӧ֮ʱʶеһħ
ڤҹڤҹͨķʽתｪģһ뵣ġ
ڤҹڶɽ٣
ţڶɴ١
ɽÿһ뾭飬ԶŵҲˡ
ڤҹҲڶɽ١
󽫵ʱһһ䶼˵һֲ©
ķĵı飬ЦţĿᡣ
ز˰ɡ
ţ
ͷȻѾ֪жûмڤҹˣȻģҽţڤҹһܹɽٵġ
գ˾ӡ
ҹȶ˾ƣȵʱĲѹ
һıҴ˶ųˡ
ģҪʲôȥ
űĽģǴô
綫󿴵ģҪǰƺɽׯȼ٣ʱĸǿȹѾ겻ټϷʱʱ¶ԼɽԺ飬ҪúõطһԼᷢʲô˭Ҳ֪пܲǽԼȳǽҲпܵġ
λУ˾ӾͰиλˣС͸ɵҲλչˡ
ǰɣǸջ
һԸı飬ҪҲȥƺɽׯԼϱôòˣҲ֪ϱûݡ
Ǽͣˣ
ųٴο˵һʧǰֻų㿴ҿ㡣
ϣλС糤ÿ˧ǰǲ
뿪ֳΣһԺӵУˮҪ

1788 ̵

1788 ̵
˾ӽǾԷһٶʮĵģžǰƺɽׯľԼҪúõطһ²С
ȵƺɽׯѾ֮ˡ
ƺɽׯ˹ĽŽģĵķÿһϸڡ
ıƺɽׯķ񣬸Ըӡ
̲˻һһµĴţɳ̲ɹ̫ǽһ
ʱɳ̲ϷˣκȺ¶¶˿˺̲ŵĽģΪԼˡ
Ľ㣿ô
ǰҿֱȷǰ˾ǽġ
λŮþòˣ벻ң
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣվκȲ֡
ƺɽׯԺУŽ˵ų綫˳ˣһҲǸŸˣκȣƽµʱһ
үأ
ʦôʦӦúƺɽׯׯɽϺȲء
ָָԶɽۣʱӦɽƷ衣
ţ棬һ
ĵЦмһỊ̃ȻһĨЦʲô
үӲļǮɢԶôһ̯Ӷ˸ģҲֻ֪ĬĬΪʦ˼ƽƽԣ֫ȫĻ
ʱƺɽׯɽۣƺɽׯׯƼīƷ衣
ڿڳ֮䣬ζôˡ
ò裬ò裬ϷЩȵõĲˡ
ͣʮֲҪǿӲҪƼīһЩ裬뿪֮ûصɽԺϸϸƷ
ʱƼīԶĽģǵЦɢ
ɣЩɶǼƷò裬ûȥˣҺʲô˵ˣɽԺͽܿô
ɽԺȻС˵ţЩ黹ҪϷԴУ˵ˣͲɶϵ
Ƽīһۣǿۣǰ٣һֱڻˡ
ɶҲ˵ˣϷһЩҶϷҪȥȣ
ѪҪҪƼī衣
㰡ûб䣬Ҳ֪Ǽͽôġ
ҲϷ˭Ϸ죬һ𾳽ߵʦ
һᵽһ㣬͵ĺܡ
ݹǽ磬˭һôǽǿߵͽܣȻԶЩǴߵĴڣ˵ʮڽʮ꣬ǾԵĴڣǶһ޶Ĵڡ
Ϸ˵ͽǸСѾͷȻţֲƢȴߵף
ǿһٽģǽŽĵȱ㡣
ƢЩȱѾ˾ռ˵Ĵڡ
ǶлүأҪҲ֪Լôŵء
ĵߣıôѿˣӲתͷ㿴˳Ľġ
ССѾͷôˣ
ſˮĺ⣬ѾͷôͻȻƺɽׯ
첻֪Ϊλ֣һ֪ԼҪˣ
ߵ챻εذλϡ
ȻһǾʦˣΪͽܣȻǵʦԲ˯Ż۸ء
ٺ٣ʦǼСһʦ˭۸Ϸǲǣ
ʲô޷ӹһˣֻƼīԼ˵˵û
Ƽīѡ˿ϷŲ豭ʦͽ֮ľٶƼīЦص֮䡣
գԽ׷թΪ֣ա
ĵС˵ȻôΪʦ
ǰǰ
Ľʦͽ֮ìֱ˦Ƽī뿴ϷƼīͻȻս֣һҡһЦ˵Լվڽߡ
СѾͷ˵ûʦӣȷʵ̫ˡ
ͽ
һԼվ˽Ǳߣ޲ҧƼī
Ѿͷ¶ô
ȻǴˣҶҲˡ
õǮҲپʲôڲ輸ԱҲƷŲ裬˵Ŷų˵顣
ܺãã
ϢЦǽһŵһɨ⡣
үӣǰ
Ŀ˿ƼīҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô˵ͷ
˵ɣͷˡ
ɽͼ飬Լúصʬ壬֪λʲô⣿
ĲɵӣеϢǹԶŴħҽүӻƼī֪ĶԼҪöࡣ
ɽͼعǰԱҪ֪Ϣ
֪ʲô
ƼīһеЦء
ܶ࣬ǰӦѾүӿе֪ȫɽͼС
ŶȫɽͼᾹȻУ
ӽĿе֪飬ƼīĿϣϼ󿴿ֿǲƼī
Ϸˡ
ʵһֱ˼ҪҪɽͼСѾͷ֪ƼīϾϵСѾͷİΣԼ˾ӵİΣ
Ƽīˣһսѣɽͼᣬ֪һУ˵Ҳһв
úؾΪɽͼüҲ˲صĴۣôһӵֻ˱һˡ
ңǲ˵ʲô
ıΪүӽ֪ƼīǿƼīүӶ֮飬ҲүӲδƼī͸©һ֡
ûУ˵ɡ
Ƽīʾ⽪ļ˵ȥҪ飬϶ʲôΪԼƺɽׯİȫƺɽׯ˱üҵĺ󳾡
Ѿ֪ˣҪ֪ȫϢ
ãҪȥüҵʱ˵𣡡
ϸϸ˵ڱüÿһ飬ÿһϸڶ䣬ӻռ䵽ɫĹâٵλĺӣԼɽͼľᣬħħȵȵȵȡ
ɣǶԸԶŴħħҪҵ̣ǽٻ٣߽תΪħʥ
Ҫõ̵ĲֻħˣΪ֮ʿҲọ̃һͳǽ硣
̡
Ƽī˵̶֣һӣһӰڽǰ
УһɫҹлƵǣ׹֮ʱһſǳȻڰ֮С
Ҳ֪˶õʱ䣬һӺڰǳĽ̡֯
ֻаƴСһɫǳâΧƣʲô״ܸܵõǿ
ڴʱ̵ĳָǽ˾޴ĶԶʱĴΪһȷѪɱħ壬Ϊ˵õ
ѪȾǽ磬ݵ㣬ԭǽΪһƬ˼ۿǽ缴֮ʱ̺ľǽ»ָ
ĳһԶŴʧȥ̣֪պ󻹻һҾ磬㽫̷ӡɽͼС

1789 Ƽī

1789  Ƽī
⣬̡
ƼīеɫãҲ
УǿԻصǿڣУֵ̳Ļǽٵıֻиһ˵
ˣ̵ȵԺ˵һμȻƺɽׯȼ٣ǱɺúõϢϢ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣƼīģ˵һǽҲã˾ӵλҲãǻǽϣֹѷϣҲ峤ԶŴħϣ
ƺɽׯ̲
ĴŰߣ紵ţʵĸожôĿˡ
ڳɹ̫ı۾һѵõİ
κȣ¶¶Ҳһԣһɹůȴȵ⣬ź紵ȫ
Ľ㣬˵ҪԶôݸжð
ڰԸϧһݹһֱȥûսûνǽ磬Ҳûκ֮ıƣˣһижð
ģһжģջôһ죡
۾ĽİοŻڴһл٣Զվᵽġ
˵ǲ쬵ô
죬Ϊʲôɭɭģʲôڰһ
¶¶ܣǺ̲϶ȼٵοͶѣûио֮˵Ĵڣвĵˣͻֵᷢİ
ģ˶㲻
ʱ˫ۣĿ⿴ԶϵһɫӰ
˭Ҳ֪˵ݾԲ򵥡
գɫԾգıɽ֮ѰүӺƼīǰҪһԼеļ𰸡
Ƽīǰһ֪𰸣ڼŵʱүӵ٩ƼīЦ
ɵ˰ɣ˰ɣ˵Ҳؿζʲô˶á
豭ǳһһϾǰԵı٩Ƽī
ƼīıûôȻһ죬һγһ֡
¶ԼԵǸ޷ֵģ˵ˣǿħ֮һ磬˵˭ãƫƫôһ
Ƽī֮飬ֻԵˡ
磿ħ֮һ
ǺĳڶǰеǲǾħħ
ԣϴɽԺҵǸǡ
Ǽ飬컹ġ
ҪΪĻҲǮȥ֮˵ļİ
ǰ֮䡭
ûɣղЩƺ֮һЩ飬ΪбĻƹӶһһѵˡ
еĲ豭һ۽ģʾ⽪ԣ֪ԭί⼸ҲԺʱ˵ƼīҲȡһʱ䡣
֪СѾͷţԲŹ˵˸ղһ
ưʱˣ綼ˣҶͽһĻ죬ҪǲҼͽѵĻϽ˵ɣ
֮䣬бȻĹϵô
Ƽīһۣǵĵ鷳ǵ֪ԡ
˵ˣ֪֮бҪٴô
аȻаĥĥˣϷҲǺܺ棬׵˵ʲôȻ뿪ƺɽׯ
Ȼ֪Ƽī飬ȴֱ֪һ˵ʲô۷ħ磬ôһֱں棬ƼīƢ׵˵Щ
СѾͷ֪ô
šǰ˵Ļ
ĸ켰ȵİĿ⣬δᣬ֮Ƽī˵˵Ļ첻ҪҪġ
ͷͽܱ㶮¡
׷飬ǾΪ֪飬һطƺɽׯĿĲֻһ˵ĻǲģһλˣҪȫӦ֮ˡ
ðɣȻСѾͷ֪ұ㽫֪㡣
Ƽī˵ŵħ֮һ֪మ̡
¾а¿һôãвŮòһԡ
ֻƼī֪ʵݣҲ֪Ƽīʵݡ
ǰƼīƼҵż̳ߣƼҵĵλԲڵԯһ˾һ塣
Ƽҿ˵ǿǰǿΪ̳˵ƼīǽķΪľǶԼ
һΣƼīɳĮ֮˽ٷˣٷΪ׵һŮӣŮʮֺˬֱ˵ԼƼīҪΪѹկ
ƼīϾƼҵļ̳ˣδǽ֮ˣôᱻһȥ·Ů˸
δȤµƼī˳Ůصɽկŷɽկг˼˵֮⣬ʣµȫǹ¶
ǸŮˣô
ţ磡
ƼīһʱħҲеģǽ˼ŮǺ࣬ȴ˺ö¶еһ˫ĿʧСŮһֱճ磬ҲΪ谮СѾͷ
Ƕʱ䣬ƼīһֱɳĮɽկУ֪ģȻŮ˾ȻĺܣԲ
ȵȣȻŮĻǰûϲħϢô
ħԼϢ߶ԲĳմȾһħϢܱ֪õοƼīǰһǿߡ
ûУһ磬Ϊ֮󷽲䡣
Ƽī߽ģʱԼ綼ԼΪһѰɣԣ˫ûиܵ˴˵ΪҲΪˣΪպ˷ʡ
ɳĮɽկǶʱ䣬Ƽīİ磬ҲذƼī˸˽
ͽܣ֪ɶôǰ֡
ΪƼҵļ̳ˣδƼٷһҪŵԣƼīŮ˽һôɳܵ飬Ƽڼδػ磬Ȼڲ֪ħ֮һǰ¡
ǣ֪ħ֮󣬸ǲͬһ£ƼңǽҲͬ⡣
վֽסͻȻһ죬ħ紳֮˺֮ʿսɳĮеɽկɽկ֮УƼīˣ˶ˣЩ¶Ҳ˫ս𲨼촦װҡ
ŭˣɱħ֮ʿˣһվʬѵʬУָħ
ʱǽһһϵҪɱ籨𣬲κεĽͣҲԭΪΣĿֻһɱ硣
Ϊոջָħ֮䣬ڶΨֱ֮׷óǰѹб㼸һЩǿ֪Ĵڡ
ڴʱƼīҲֵָǰ

1790 ô

1790 ô
Ҫ֪ƼīƼҼ̳֮һδǽһƶˡ
ƼīֳԼʵݵһ̣Ҳסˡ
ƼīδԼİħ֮һ磬ҲδԼŵǽƼҵ
˫˴¶һ̣һеĽƺѾעˡ
Ƽī磬ʱ䣬Ϊһ棬Ҳ֪Ǵ˵еаѪֻħѣֻǳΪħ֮һѡ
ǰǽһڼǰҲƼǰƼī˵ɳĮɽկһУ翪ѣе鶼Լϡ
Ƽī˵ĻҲҪɱ
׼ֵһ̣Ƽīһֹ˵ľٶԷԼһΪĴһе
Ϊ֪Щ˲ǴһҪҲ֪һսˣضѡ˷Ϊֹһеķ
һȺ֮˼Ƽī˾ٶһʱҲ֪ȥƼīƼҵδ峤̳ˣȴһΪ
԰ɫƼīǣɽկСУãƼīʱѾʧ
ƼīԷһΪΪħ翪ѣʧȥĿүͬʱҲʧȥƼҼ̳˵ʸ񣬸Ϊ˱Ƽҡ
ڣһƼīʱ챱úĪԨ˲δڼ˵İ£Ƽīƺɽׯһֱ
Ƽī˵Ĺ£Ĵָ̾Ƽī
ǰ
ƼīΪƼҼ̳ˣΪǽδĶ֮ţΪ˱ԼİŮ˲вԸȥһΪԸԸʱԿ
ˣˣ˵ʲôֻ̰ɫҪɽԼİ˶ػãҪǱĽɽʲôá
㻹û˵⣬С涼˵ʲô
Ҳûʲô޷һЩ¶ѡ
Ϲ˵ܰ˵ĺۿô
һƼīȻǾԲԼСж˵ʲô˷ʱ䡣
ˣСѾͷʲô¶ô
Žɽǲɶ¶
Ҳǹ飬Һں̲ɹ̫ʱ򣬲ûж֡
ҲΪƼīĹϵûжǼɱ֣עӵĸоܲˬ
ҪֻԼҲͺˣ
컰лŲ豭ǳһ̾һΡ
ҲûжʣȼٵģȻôЩĵˣƬ̣ı뿪ɽۡ
ŽĽʧеıӰ֣Ƽī˾޶ļ롣
Ǯûм˵ȥһοϷͽܰƺɽׯѡ
ģǮȻ͵˾ӡ
ƼīЦţЦүӶϲרźԼԣõǸ缸ͷǮİƺɽׯСӷˡ
ҹɫ֮䣬̲ϣһտ
ȼշž죬մӺ̳ĴϺֱӼڻϿ
̣ϺϺɣ̵ģ
κȺ֪ȤĽտõĴϺ̣̳κͶмЦ⣬ʼϺ׿ǰ
ƣȳԡ
Ҳԣ
˵ģ̶ĺãôຣɽׯ΢չˣҲûзκβ飬Լ̡
Ļ˵ԼԼøݣ䲻̣ԡ

һĻ̾һȻ֪ܺãҲһֻǾԼ䲻塣
̾һΪ˽ô
ļͽ⣬ûʲô˵ġ
һߣ˾һֱ¶¶ʳ϶Ц⡣
ҪҪģעһô
˾¶¶һۣ컯աԣǿ֮¾Ȼ飬ޣ
ܰѣԺĻֻ಻١
˾¶¶³̺ͻκȣųκȣ

ǳ̾һҹĵ顣
ףôˣ
ʱвƣݲеǿڵʵʵǰһ̻ǿմʱ˿ȴĺܣұ鲼ħ
˲ãڴʱһֻ޴ħ޴ȻһӳȺ֮Уſ޿ڱɳ̲ϵο͡
¶¶ɢȺ׼Ӧԣ
һ£˸Էֹ¶¶κȸ赼Ⱥȫ뿪ɳ̲ſ赲ħ֡
˾һԾڵħޡ
ôͻȻӴħޡ
һħ޴ߵߴ֮ȥĴӵһߣǲĿŽŵħ
ΪͻȻ˶ħ
ƺɽׯȻʲôıأҲɽˮԳΧнӡػţһħ޷ƺɽׯġ
ǰЩħûмҲмǧôϢ֪ĳǰ
ô
ѾˣЩô죿
ѾȫɾˣħмǧֻöԸ
зӣҪΪ»лˣ
壬壬ħ󷨱Զ˹Ϊ࣬нػţΪʩչħ󷨣ԼҲס᲻˺ˡ
ȵһ£ҴŻһȫĵضҲò
ħУҲᱻħ󷨹ҲףػţǷħ󷨸ǵѹָоüʮֲжȽϺãҪȻʱصĳʲôòʧˡ
Ż¶Ҳ׷׶ñħ󷨵׵УǿǼʶħ󷨵Ϊɻ֮䡣
˲غˣ˾տ̺̣ǧҪ뿪磬ŷ˽֮⣬ǰǧƵ޴
СҪʲô
Ƿް׵۲ĿŽģһȺôڶǿķôΪҪǮİ
ȻҪʩзħ󷨣ɱȺޣѲɻȦô
ȦҾ仰Ժܸߣ
׵ڽߣЩӲַһȦǲ֪ĻΪһͷ
ÿСϲֵķѷʩչ󷨣ҵģ
׵ۻ˻֣ʾ⽪ɽơ
׵۳һħǰʱʼȺħ޲δëһİ׵۷Уɵ׵ֳһ̣һҲѾӵת롣

1791 ŮǸ

1791  ŮǸ
ǣ׵۳֣Ⱥʹߡ
ڽĵ˵ǰЩħǻǶ԰׵˵ȴǼΪϲ̲Ʒ
޲ͬ޵ڻ磬ЩħеҲڻĴڣֻеļ̫ͣ粻ķۡ
¸һֻһҲûʲôˡ
չֳһ˲䣬ؼȻɫ֮ɫľҹհΧǲһǰδеĿ־֮С
⣬ǻ޵ǿ󰡣ȴ־µĴڡ
лޣҲʡȥ˲ٵ鷳ħ޶˻޴ѰȺħмǸˡ
ȻһɫӰڽгԼٶۿžҪӺ󷽴뽪ĵࡣ
һѳû뽪ĵ֮ʱеذͻȻУǰӰʧˡ
ô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĿŰ½ɫŮӣ뵱һƳȫͬ
ң֪֮󣬽ķǶħ֮һ᲻
ʲôЦģɱ㡣
类ĴǵЦŪʮֲ⣬лôΪЦ
ûɶֻ뵱ǰС̸ʲô

ȻĻ֮ʣɫһڡ
Ǽһ˵ʲô
˵Ļ϶˵ˣ˵𵱳ɳĮڵʱףǰѹկ顣
ף
˵ףһƼīѹկֵʱûȥ
ѵô
˱꣬ѲԼ˵ʲôûЩɶƼī׿ڱأ
ߣϲҪֻҪһûҵİɣ
ջеĳĿҲɱƺɽׯˣֻĳЩ˶ѣû뵽ȻѾͷһ£Ƽī˵
㣿˻
ߣҪƼīȣôɳĮѹկ
˫ֶżһĺͽ˵Ƽī֮µһ汾
ߣһħ֮һ磬һ˾ӵСϰ彪ģ֮ѵõĺгͲץһѹӺȺȲİԡ
һߣ׵ʮѪȲб׷ħޣǳֱֲ̿ӡ
һĻ¶¶κȶֱθ
е£
Ҳǣ
Ҫн绤ţϾҪѪˡ
ĽŮʲô
֪ӶӦ죬ʲôˣ
˾ҡҡͷҲ˵Щʲô֪վڽǰŮ˾ħħ֮һ硣
Ĵ˵ڶ汾һֹƼī֮Ȥ¡
˵ֶһģƼīΪ˱ԼһΪ˱ƼҳǽǰɣмĹȴƼī˵ǡǡ෴
һƼīɳĮлԱιһˮƼīͿ硣
ڶΪǿУһжƼīƺ˵ģҸɽկ϶һЩǮǱΪ飬ɽկ϶ҪǵԼϴһûҪԲͬƼīۣͬƼīбץȥѹկϷ롣
ƼīɳĮɽկʱ˻ῳһЩϾȲְﵹæνƼīӳɽկƼīʶ;ԹԵĳɽկǰЦĽӡ
ĵҲ˵ˣ顣
󣬰ƼīķţټƼīĵĶãҲͬһˡ
ڵ֪ƼīƼҵʱ۱ˣΪˣ˵ݲĸǸһǽ硣
ǡʱѾˣƼīΪ˱͸еĺܹƽԷΪе¶
Ŷԭǰô޳ܵˣ˵ǰǴź̽׵ˣЩħôģзǰΪҪɱң
ħ޵Ҳ֪ħָʹΪɱ㣬ȫ˳ֶѡ
ʵҲûɱģڲǣ˵һһĿΪ˴źӻǸҪĵ
磬ˡ
ʱһº͵ڶ˶ߣĻعͷȥ֪ʱ·Ƽī۶Ŀ硣
ȻһΪɥʧ֮пȻ֮˲С
翴һ·ƼīһԾߡ
ôû
ΪȻŷˣأŮأΪþûмŮˡ
ƼīϿ¿ҿƬ֮һӣŴӽָ˦һöɫʯһĵ
ΪֵǣһöȻ˵һĽƼī
ŵŵˣûŵŵ
ˣÿ춼ŵŵõţִһȦٹʮҪˡ
ƼīŵеĴȰ֮ǣЦֲЦ
ʱҲڽߣŽĵģļ
û¶ЦɣϷ֪ͷŮǸʱҲЦá
ֱһ̣
ʦǰŮôǸ
ôһħĻˣô绳еʱ̥ǵŮܵӰ죬ôûδܻûΣҲˣ
쿴˿ģһҲ˺Ȼǻл˭ʲô˼ľͲ֪ˡ
Ƽīһ·ɣҲħ޳ԵĲˣԭڸŵǿһֳԭеĹâ
ħͻȻϮƺɽׯ˲Ⱑ
үӣҲ֪Ϊô
ҡҡͷĲ֪Ϊħ޻Ϯһ޹أһλǰԼƼīŮ˼һģᶯʲôСֶΡ
ȻĻǻ˭أħô
˵ЩħԶŴħйأ
ħ޵ѾɾҲ׷۷ԼıԺϢ
գһ˸ոճ緹㿴Ƽīǰϵɫжô
ҳԱˣԣ
ҲԱˣǶԵ㡣
ϵı飬̫֪ô¶Ľĵߣɻû뿪ò͵ķ䣬һ仰ס˵ȥ·
˾ӽӵһ񣬶ⵥغɽԺԺƺɽׯȵȵȵȣ
콫ŷɸ봫˵˸װףȺƺɽׯȼٵģǻûϢգҪˡ
һεͬƽɽӿɲӣһǱҪӣûκأ
ʦʲô¶ǣô
вɽԺԺ˾ռҲС
뿴˿˾˾̯˫ֱʾԼҲ֪飬һֱûʱ˾ռң֪˾ռҳʲô顣

1792 Ӳ

1792 Ӳ
ʲô¶
콫еֽǰֽϵּʶöʮһԱдģǶּ
ֽϵĴݾ˾ռ峤˾޵ˣԯ峤ԯ˵ȵȵȵȣ˴еĿıǰɽɽ
ĵûͣϾͣٶ۷˾ӡ
뿪ƺɽׯص˾Ѿ֮ˣԶԶأͿ˾ǰǻֱκȵһ˲䣬ĵһٶľӤرסκȡ
ϱûҰÿ춼㣬㣡
࣡
ڶʮһͣǱ˼ǽ磬ôˣһڹ컯յͻȻһǣκҲŪò˼ˡ
ô˿أ
û¶͵Ϲ
СôûҲӦõġ
Ǽǣ
ٺٵЦţһ͵񣬱˽˾ӡ
ԺУų磬κȣ³̣Ե͵Ⱥʱˡ
һһˣ׵СžźڤҹڣһҾˡ
ղٶȡ񰡣
˶õʱŵ𾳽磬ǰЩżһﾹȻ˴ʱ͵𾳽磬ɺް
ûǳ֮ҲڵľΪ
ЦţϰԵĴӽù
˵ƺɽׯħϮ
ţ˲£˭ίи˾ôҪ񣿡
ˣүӿе֪ί˾˲˾ռ壬ԯһ塣
ǽĶģֻԯһЩ˾࣬СΪȽϺá
ϣôС
һϤص˶ߣٳ࣬ḧա
ÿεС磡
٣ܲһЩôҲԶ飡
ôһˣһɫӾͺֵҰһʱɵûܵɧš
ɵˣСأ
ī
ѩƺ˷һۣԭɫĴķˣԹԵʧǰ˶ίһ
ģ鱾Ӧýǻ˾峤š
ѩƺæеһĵ˹㼱æǰԺƽҲͷ
ɵģ˾ӾǸŻģˣɵ׺͵Ϣô
ĺĮһаã㲻òģ֮һεг̣ҪСĲǡ
ѩƺǵģ˾һ峤˾޵ɳΪŵţ֪ⵥļ޳̶ȡ
ɵ׷ʲô飿
΢΢üͷܾһȶдĻҪѰ
ʵˡ
ѩƺ˵һѶȣҸ֪ˣڵõͨʯ֮Ҫٶȥ磬ͨʯС
ͨʯǻԶŴħıرƷ֮һͨʯħҵĻǺ롣
ԣԯһ壬˾һ壬īҵȵҪ񽻸˾ӣһ˾г֮иķ㡣
ΪҪһ죬յϢͨʯֱڲ½Ĳɽ½ĺɽԣһҪΪСӣһǰ½ɽһǰ½ɽһȥɽԨš
ѩƺ˵Źͨʯ֣ŵС
һ仰˵ǵ֪ϢͨʯֱڲɽͺɽħõʯͷҳɹٻԶŴħǽ֮ܵ֡
ô˵ԯһԯպ˾޵жǱħˡ
ţҲΪˣħħˣǱҪǵͨʯ
ȵȡɵ˼˵ԯպ˾޵Ǳħ˵ģҲˣƺɽׯħϮǺΪ
˸ǲˣǸȷħϮƺɽׯûйϵǼȻҲħֻ˭
벻ףҲûܽеʡ
գΪܾҵͨʯԨУ˾ɳ֧顣
ģ³̺ͻĸǰ½Ĳɽ
룬£ųκȼǰ½ĺɽ
˾뽪īĸȥԨԵš
ѩƺκȣ¶¶ͱڼš
ͬʱĻû޸ڽīߣϾǻԨлȽϺһЩ
Ľ㣬ҲܱԼһȥɣ
¶¶ͽһǰ½ϾҲ˾ӵһӡ
¶¶ȣ֪ʲôһ˾Ϊǵİȫڶ˾ҲҪǳȥ齻ˡ
ǲ˾ӵʱ䣬һᷢ鷳飬¶¶κһᴦ׵ġ
ǷȥɣСһиɵš
ѩƺ֪ڵʲôúõıˣҲ˾ӡ
׵ۣԨĵ̣СаأӦ֪ģ
ģڣȺСϲҳ
׵ۻ˻ӷ˶צӣʾ⽪İľУԨֲĵط˼лԨЦ
ҲǣһҪСģ
ţҲǣ
˾ӵ˷ΪֱͬķǰС
ϣģ³̺ͻĸоŲɽĵͼ
һǧβ½Ĳɽ˵Ѳѣ˵Ҳʮֵļѡ
Ȼ谭ԯһһεб˷˵谭ħˡ
Ҳ֪ħЩһþһֶֹǰɽҵͨʯġ
һ⡣
ŵͼϲɽλãȻ˵ֻ˾Ӻͼ֪ͨʯ䣬һ·һħˣ֮Ҳ˵ħ˶ҲӦ֪ͨʯλá
ǣΪʲôħЩԼȥɽѰͨʯҪ·谭
ҲǻҪʵģ³û뵽һ㣬ôһ˵Ҳͷ
԰Ϊʲô
ħǻûнӴҴӸɵҲ֪ͨʯڲɽϢϢĴ֪
յһɸ봫飬ֽдħѾˣ·ǰɽһڲɽõͨʯᡣ
ˣȻħ֪ͨʯڲɽΪʲôԶǰɽѰͨʯ֮ҪѾµǡ
³̡ҷ֮صʱ䣬˲ٰ
仰ǿ֮⣬³ȴһ
ϸ绹Ϊܸıһ£ôˣ컹ô𣡡
˲֣ĻǸġ
³̵ԹͻĴЦ³˵һħ翴֪ɽеͨʯΪʲôȥֱӴӲɽͨʯ֮ôһ·ǣͼֹѰͨʯ˵ǵǵͨʯ֮ߡ

1793 ԯ

1793 ԯ
ܼ򵥣Ը⡣
ָͷǰ˵Ͼֻԭܽ͡
һԭ򣬵֪ЩϢ֪Ժ˾ӣ½ԯһ壬ߴ½īң½˾ռ壬յķɸ봫˵ħδľٶ
Ǳ֤һԯһ壬˾һ壬ī֮г˼ϸħļϸڼϸ˭ǵȻ֪ǱȻǼϸй¶Ϣ
ڶħڵĵ֪˼˵г̣֪˲ɽͨʯȥ룬ΪɽʲôħĶԲŻħЩ˼ƻǣͨʯļƻ
е
ͨʯһͬ飬һͨʯǶ˻Ԩʯ֮ϣԿӡѹԶŴħͷų
Ȼǻûҵ֮ǰû㹻ӦԶŴħ
ңһɽͼ鱩¶ǽ磬ô˾ӱؽΪʸ֮ģʱ򲻽ħ磬ǽľһּ嶼ᵹԣʱˡ
һѰͨʯ֮󣬽ľȥѰ̣һὫܷһΣա
ҹɫҹУǰ½ľϣĸ³̺ͻ˽ǽһЩֲԼħһЩ顣
˵ħȺ˸ĶǸ֡
ţˣħôǽô겻򵽡
žƱĽһ£̾һ
ӣħѾǶ˸塣
ͨʯбԿó֮лѾǱħˡ
ҵãԯһ᲻һ¶ֽţ
һֱ˼⣬ǱϾԯһ壬޳ܵĴڣ˸ֶ֡
˾ӵʵ𣬶ԯһ˵һǱڵвһǿĶ֡
ԯһˣԻжֽţﵽԼ˫Ŀġ
ģԯ˿ɿô
ɿԺ
ҡҡͷԯһĸ־ʹŲɿǣʱѡԯأΪǺ۵ʱԯŵһĨУҲΪνĺԯغԭ֮һ
ڴˣԯһıˣͲȥˣ˾һٶС
һǰ½ɽȻԯһ潻棬ŵ㡣
İɣϸѾǰԸ񣡡
³ʾŽĿȫһٶʮģѾǰƢΪԶԶʤǰ
͵ľƺȣ
Ǹ˶Ӹ͵ӵľƣŲӷַ㣡
һ³վ˫ȭͷعҪ͵Ƶ˴һܣ³һˡ
εĿһ۽ĺͻ
ɽ׸ıƣ˵ľ֡
ָ³̸ĵԼ嶯ԸϾ죬ϣ̫ƽˡ
һֱŲ½ԯǰС
ĵڵ½ɽ֮ǰҪǰԯԯһ˽жԾ
ɽԯһĹϽ֮УҲɽ֮дŸָδ֪أҪ֪ԯһ˴Ϊ졣
½ԯǵʱѾһ֮ˡ
һ·ϲδʲô̫ΣգһЩħСأĸƽĵԯǡ
Ȼԯһÿһˣǲò˵ԯǵķ塣
¾ʱԯһĹܼԯǰ϶˴Цݡ
λ˾ӵСѰɣ·ڼλСˡ
׻˵úãֲЦˣҲżЦӦԯϹܼҡ
лˣ·Ǹǰȡ
Ǿͺãһֱģλ·ʲô⣬λСƽ£ҲͷˣϷԯһĹܼԯͣԯһΪλС׼һУϷ
ԯһ峤ԯգΪʮǿ˾޵в£Ѿ̤𾳽磬Ϊǵ˴𾳽ǿڡ
һȴίи˾ӣ½һʱ۷׷ס
ԯһ˾֮Ĺıĵĸ׽İݿɱ˲ԯһĸ֣Ҳԯһ档
Ǹ㲻ףΪʲôԯһ廹Ҫд˾ӡ
һ·ϣעţĵ˸оԼһ˹ͣĿʮֲ
ڣ˺ܿǰԯһ帮ۡ
գ
ϵĻصڶߣУɢĿһԣж׼õĲˮһߺһ͸ӿŴľɫ
ʲô룿
뿪ض
ŹǷŽĵ߿ȥΧڵ·ԵȺûɢ֮ԽԽࡣ
ԯһôдǣΪ˾ӵĿˣҲҪòһЩҪЩ˷Ļ˾ӿɲġ
Ļǹ˵ſԯģ֮иԯͣһԯһΪ˲ɽͨʯ񣬼ԯһĴӪҲԯһκһˣοԯˡ
ԯһ˲ҪЩСžŵע⣬ʲôõ鷢˾Ҳʾģ֮ùԯҵˡ
⣬ԯЦǺǵеۻ׵ĺӣ˫ʼհŵЦ˿۵׵ʲô顣
ɫ֮ʣͣͣԯһ帮ۡǰ
˳ǰ繬һ̻Ի͵ԯۡԺвֳһ仰Ǯá
ǻʹδضԯһ帮ۡ޽Ļˣԯۡÿһשһ߶ĲϽɣȻʹשҪĶࡣ
³һЦ˵첻ȥˣԯһٳһשȥĻһӡ
λСѣ峤鷿Ⱥλʱˡ
ԯ͹ǰŵ·˸ԯߣӽԯһ帮ֱ֮ۡ鷿
鷿Ҫĵط鷿м棬Ҳܿԯһбе̬ȡ
ԯۡ鷿
֨һԯƿţͨĵƻҫ֮£Ŀ鷿еĶˣһűܹŵһҩζҿͺɢһԯһ峤ԯˡ
վԯߵԯء
˾ӽģԯ峤
˾ԯ峤
˾³̣ԯ峤
˾ӻԯ峤
ô˵ԯնǳΪҪȷ̬ʾ𾴡
鷿ĳϣԴ֮⣬ȫ¶űԯսĿڽĵϣɵüͷ
׳ú񡣡
˰׷֮⣬ĺͷļһģӸһ
仰Ц
Ȼ׵ŮȻ׳󡣡
ԯ⻰Ҳ֪ʩô˼ɱԯһֵʱҲһڳ
ԯأš

1794 ģ

1794 ģ
ǣ峤
ԯػǸԯأһºЦģߵǰʱϸ˫иֳһĨЦ⡣
ԴɽԺһ֮жʱûˡ
ǰû뵽Ȼԯ£Ҽǵԯ»ǷҲٲ
ĺԯ֮ĶԻ˲֪ʲô˼ԯհ˫ԯغͽĵľٶ
Ƕʶ
ԯ峤Ļʶֲ׼ȷɽԺϮʱʦǾλһһˣԯҲУ
˵ԯصɽԺ飬ҽ˵鶼˾ջԯصϣ˵ˣҽεķȻҪ˳Ǯ˾ջԯض뿪Ǯô
ŶΪβǵ顣
ԯ¹˶£ǮҲ࣬Ҳʮѡ
İԯһۣתԯա
ڶ֮ĶԻʲô˼Ҳֻס
ԯҲû룬ָָ֣ϵһŵͼ
Ųǲɽĵͼǰɡ
ԯյĻý΢΢üͷʲôһŲǲɽĵͼһʲô˼
ܵеʣԯؿڽеһԵɡ
ԯһħļϸΪ˲Ĳɽͼ¶ĵеĲɽͼǼٵģΪ˻
Ҳ˵һµʱ棬Ķһŷֽ
³̰˫ŭ֮иֶ
ǣ
ԯزδ³еŭ⣬鷿Żغϡ
ԯ峤µˮ©
ЦţֻһĨЦû˿¶ȣǰϰڷŵĵͼĽμС
ĲɽͼͼٵĲɽͼէһһģϸȥᷢеĲ֮ͬżٵĵͼ벻ɽĻһʧڲɽ֮УΪɽһѰ׹ǡ
վڽߣҲϰŵĲɽͼ
峤ԯԯɽһǰɽ
ԯյȻĽǰɽɽвͨʯбĶԯһһͬǰȽϷġ
Ͼ˾ӵʲôԯտɲԯһĶȺ˸Ӷһɶ
˿ɿô
ѾɽĵͼģҪ֪ԯԯɽǷɿ
ԯյҲӳǵĲ룬гħļϸԯԯɽǷɿôȷ϶˲ħļϸ
Ƿıǣɽԯҵ̣ӱ峤
ԯʾ⽪ĵ˲õģɰš
ԯأȥϢɣǰɽ
ǣ峤
ţ
Ľסԯأһûס
ȻϢѾй¶ȥˣħԯһ尲˼ϸħΪβֱǰɽѰͨʯھʲô
֪Ϣԯտ˿ģָָϵͼĵһ߷塣
Ǿ²ɽе
ɽһɽ壬ɽ̺֮֮ΪҲ֮ħµĴڡ
֮ħȺ˲ԼǰɽѰͨʯΪһ벻ɽɽ壬ͻᱻɽ֮ŵֺ
ԯ˵ĻǻɵĴ𰸡
һԯһȻǳħļϸǿԯշ֮ƺ֪ħ尲ԯһļϸ˭ǣٵĲɽͼȻѾй¶˳ȥ
ڶħȺ˾²ɽ֮е˵һЩ벻ɽ֮󣬲ܵħɧš
֪㣬˰࣬Ҫԯһڱʲôֽš
׻˵úã֮ĲУ֮Ĳޣοĸھԯ֮ڡ
ҹɫ֮䡣
ģ³̺ͻԯ᷿СУ¹ںͤУˮ淴ŲԵ¹⡣
ںͤıԵ˫̤˺ˮУ¿ܣһĨεЦ⸡ڴǡ
ǻġ
˶עǵһһ֮еĺ滳ڳ֮ɫֲַͬҲȥʲô
˵Ȼ˾ӺԯһĹϵֵĺܣʳϣԯûжֽš
Ǻǣ㵱ɵǰһ鲻ǹغԯһ壬Ҳغǽ磬ԯң˶ء
һ³̣ϣһ˽һԼԣһ߳һ˵еϵ
ԯһᶯ֣ȥɽ·ϣҪǰȫýͨʯ͵Ԩ
֪еף˵һԯһʱ֣ǽܵǽش
Ȼԯһ˵ǲ½һ޶İڣǽ綼ǿ߼Ĵ¹ԶŴħķӡǻǲεġ
˵˾ӺԯĹҲװüƽµĻص˾ӣһģ˵ҵͨʯ͵Ԩ֮ǰԯһǲġ
˯˯ȥɽ
ĴŹǷ׼뿪뿪һ˲䣬һ˽סˡ
ǽģ
˵ʮֲƣҪΪЩǱָǰɽˣһַ˽ġ
¶
һɢı飬˿ǰԯˡ
ߣҶ磬Ϊˡ
磬˭
磬ĸ磿
ԯ
һԯԯˣҪġ
Ŷ
һ򵥵Ŷ֣ûκξµı飬Ҳûκθ֮⣬˫ֶż
¶ôû¶ҪȥϢˣҪȥɽҪǵг̵ػԯ峤ǹػǹأ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣϵһĨЦԯ˺޵ֱҧ
Ϊԯ𣬿ȴ޷֣ζжôˡ
Ž˫ȭȴվԭصԯˣĻǰԯ˵ļϡ
㿴㣬ô˻֪ϵǴǽȥɽǸĻǾǽΪء
ŻԯˣԣҲΪһ仰вһ˿˿־֮⣬˼ɱһǰ
⣬ΪһܻŴӲɽóͨʯߣ
£ԯתȥֻ½㿴ҿ㣬أЦ˵˼֡
ɣҾԯһ˲ưոݣ
һ仰˺ܶ˼ԯһҪʲôĿԴͺˡ
ҹķ촵˸Իص˷кܿ硣
ξУһδɽУɽ֮ϣһƬƺ
ڴʱƺнһӰǵӰŮ֪ӰǶƣֻܰվԭأĿӰ

1795 ˻

1795  ˻
þòˣ񡣡
صڽĵĶߣǴ˷һ룬Զ
ʶң
Ȼܾúܾǰ͸һ
ܴԺᣬȻ˵Źȡ飬֮вûκ֮⡣
Ǹʲôǹļ̳ˣǱǰҶ̫ǵˣ
εЦţԽĽӴԶ֮ˣԽľùԸֱӵ޷ݵĵز
һ˵ǵγɵӰЦЦ
ǹôΪ̳ߣ㱾ǹ񣡡
ᣬӰȴʼû¶
ǰǺˣΪҪټҡ
ԼУΧһȴİĺܣδ
һǼһˣҲòˣ
˵ʱͣһ£һĨЦЩɬ֮⡣
ˣȵұʱ򣬱ڸ֪ϸ㡣
˵ţûɵӰֻ֣һССİɫڰУǰɫ֮ɢĹâƽ쳣
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô˫ֽӹɫʱԺвһӿֳһĻĻ棬ǻδһС
УһŮģ͵͵ǱȺɽ֮У㿪ĶĿճɹ˶Ѩ֮УڶѨڣŮһһϮ°׷˫ӣҲŮ
Ů˵˴еĿģΪ˫˫ӵķ׽ˣǣŮӴ˸ģһΪԵľˮ˭Ҫ˾ҪķӶԷһԸ
ǺŮ˿ʼƣվʤˣŮŵӵ˫һ䣬뿪Ⱥɽ
滹ڲͣתţҲǰһĻô¶ˡ
ǹϲҪĴе˫һ䣬ǰӰԼ˫һ䡢
ǰô
ԺеĻԽҲ֪ǰӰݣ
Ǵе˫һ䡣
˵⻰ǰӰʧҲ˹
۵ϣĴŹϴ³̺ͻ޶˿˽ķİɫС
ģͷϵİɫʲôʱģ
ͷϣ
֣İɫ˳ֶ£ξеһٴθǰ
һٷʢ緹Ȼԯһ˳ӵĿ³緹
԰ټƵԯˣ޲ðĸ̻һɽ³ͻ˳Եǽһǽһڣ˿ںȺеɫΡ
ԯظ͵ɽ£УĿ˿ԯأӻóһţȴ˵һЩ
ԯؽӹſдݣ˵ͷ㽫żջٻɻҡ
棬ԯԯɽ֪ԯʵͺͽĽˣ˻ԽĶԯص̬ȱʾҲ
ڳ֮˲ɽ
ɽ˼壬һȥٳɽȺɽ欣ʲôԯһ廹ֻ˲ɽһĸſ
ڲɽĵͼǺܾúܾǰǰɽԯһһѨзֵġ
Ҳ˵ͼģҲȷͼעλǼ١
ˣԯһҲغķѴǮ˾ӳ֡
˵ԯغͽĽˣ仰Щûѽĸҭȥ
ˣѾ͵ɽˣɽ
£ڣ
ԯԯɽ˫ֱȭȴԯѵ
޷ǾС֮Ҹ֪ˣɽҪһЩ֮ˣҪʲô׶ˡ
ʵϣԯ仰˵ã˼Ǹ߽ģԯԯɽһʲôģĻ߱ԯա
ʱ·ϣԯѾ˵ԯɽԯ˵ݣ𾳽ǿߣԯһʿһֻԯ峤
·ģҵȻС¡
У˵úǻүôһǸĺô
³ºһӵĿԯԯɽ浱Լǵľɫˣ˭Ҫһô
ʲô·ҵͨʯǺþȥ
Ĳڲ½ͣȥĿƵҪҪһȺԯˣʱ޿̲һ㡣
ԯȥڵͼָԼԯɽĴ£һ˲˲ɽɽ
ɽһΪɽɽɽ
ɽǱһƬɭΧڵ⣬ֻЩ⴩ҶĿ϶ڵϡ
ȳʪĻټϵúʹɭ֮е߳϶಻ʤ
ڽɽʱ򣬽ϵҷַˣŲڱͶҧһڣ汻ҧغ˵֪ҲҪġ
ȥôѣ
ѣӰȻѾ𾳽磬ڿѵʱǻ֮ȥĻһθǰ
ǵȥɽ¹ʱô
³ſˮ˵żǰɽħǶʱ⣬ɽΪƵƵѰɵ¹ʱΪֻһĶ壬û뵽Ȼʮħ֮һǱëɽɽҰѡ
Ϊ׷˴ڤǻκȺͽľǣǺ᲻롣
ˣҾ£
£ϱ㲻ǻ˰ɣǲҪˣ

³һۣô߸ˣɲˡ
˵ӣҲĿŻ³̡
ǾͰ߸ӷڼ棬ô
û¶ЩӶˣҶеĺӣʦʹ򼸸ӵעˣǰŸߣʦһ˼Ϊͽܵģųӡ
³̸ԼԴһԼ˵һ
˵ûųĶŮϼײǸã
˵㣬³̺ȻЦЦˡ
㻹˵¶ҺͻųҲҸ˻ᣬ֪ô
³ÿÿַˡ
ĸӰһδԵ֣ʲôģϼҲٺòģȻ˵ųֻӣ³̵ĺӿɶ˧˧ϹǣҲͳȥɡ
أŸӰݰӳֵܽãʲôΪ޵¶ûϣ
ģ˫ҳҲͲˣúԼȥˡ
ǵ鰡ͲˣʲôԵֲԵֱֵԵͺˡ
һ㣬³̵ǿˣ԰ͻŰԼȥסҲø徻
أûҵ
ôˣһֱ³Ҳûʹ⣬ġ

1796 ·

1796 ·
ԼȡǻصʵĻᣬһǵġ
⣬ЦţǵЦټᡣ
ţһҵģ
ģҰڤأڤľһ֪䡣
ļֻҪһжϣ
Ȳɽ֮Ѱ֮ǰյһڤء
ȥݴ½֮ǰ˵ڤҲǽˣôˣڤǽĻӦ˲Ŷ԰
أһе鶼Ȳɽɺ˵Ҳ١
ʲôû鲼ô
ԯɽ˫һĨͷ鿴ġ
ʲôڲɽֲԯһ壬Ųĸ˷ַΧŹ
³̻ȭͷвŶ˱죬˷С
ߣǼöǿһЩûǵָǶ޷߳Ƭ֡
ԯԼ֪·ѹͲ³̵˻Ƕ֡
ŶôӦǴǽ벻ɽǵѰͨʯҲͨʯĻ˾ӵȻ𣬵ǵʱ˵ԯһ½͵֮أ˭еأ
ǰűԼ߳һͷˣǵЦôĴɢڽϵʱЦȴö
ˣҲ˵ˣ̰ɣ
ԯ˫ȭɱ׼ʱ̶ɱֲĸ֮жڽͨʯ͵Ԩһ·ϣɱ֡
ߣ
ĸţһ˾ɣԯһ彫Ѫϴ˾ӡ
Ĳ֪ԯ룬֪⡣
ˣûʱˣԯԯɽʲôΣǵĻͶһ̣Ͼɽĵͼˡ
֮ԯԯɽߴߴۣһûеɱֵĵزһҲΪЩ˿ǵ֡
˫쳣ı䣬ԯԯɽǰŵ·³̺ͻ˸˲ɽɽۿʧڵҹһڲɽɽıԵشӪկ
˼ҷ£
ƺ׼³ܵӡ
ôôҵĳռˡ
ڣ֣˵ģ
ӵʼһһŽĲ֡
ʱ֮󣬿ζڿУΧڻԳĿ⣬ȫܿţɵԯԯɽˡ
㣬㣬ԽԽˣֱеһƴˡ
УҺղʮǧء
õһڽĵ
⻹ҪлûаæҪȻһֻ򶼷ˡ
ι͹ˣǺҪæ֪ô
İһۣ˵ԼͺȲֵķһѳһô
˵ĵĳգǶʱ޷
³һ߳ſ⣬һ˵ʱ顣
ÿÿ÷ˣɫൽ˼㣬ҸЩүү̣ûȥûɣҸĴ峤үү̵뿪Ͳ¹ˡ
ںɽĴʦ֣һ࣬Ͳ뿪Ϊ˰ҰҰ
һĻĻѪĽѵȱȽǣһζ壬Цп
˵˿³̣˿Ŀ˽ϡ
ڱĩĸҪҪߣҲ󰡡
Ҫ³̿ڳ衣
Ҫû첹·
Ҫý³
Ҫκ·
ҹɫڳ˷֮һʵĽ˯˹ȥ
ʱǰߴ½һҲոյīңī峤ǰɽ
ԭļƻӦ֮ǰ㵽īңǣ£룬˵ᣬټųޱĳޣκȵ·
ǵ˻ߴ½֮κ·;ǿκоͼҲһ֪򣬵֪κȶϱֲ֮оͼоδǱ
ߴ½ļȫߴ˷Ҫī֮ˣҪ߸Զķˡ
ɽ
īҵīָָǰһһͺͺȺɽǺɽ
ɽػΣձ鲼ɽʱһҪСΪҽͼκȡ
ͼûκȵϣ㽫ͼõԼС
ǽɣȽǸ·ա
ãյͼָɽɽѰҵʯţʯ֮ͨʯһںɽӦλϣλɽܹƽ񡣡
īк˾ӵˣУ˾ԶӦе̬
Ҳүү˵ˣȵ鳾䶨֮ҲҪǰ˾ӳΪеһӣԼ

1797 ԯֵܶ

1797 ԯֵܶ
˾˷ֱ˺ɽͲɽѰͨʯ
ͨʯԶǿڣǷӡԶŴħҪ֮ʹŻص
ɽУɭֱԵĺְӪկĽĵ˿̫Ѿ֪жûм⡣
ǾãСϪе㲻һ
СϪԣ׼ȷ˵ڵλһǳĺСϪˮûʲôֻСϪǼʱ򣬷һЩ仯
ʲôһ
³Ҳߣ˿ˮҲûʲôһģˮô
ϸһǲǾˮһ㣡
ʮȷϣϣϪˮʲôûУӲҲûУɾ峺ĺܣǽ糿ʱ򣬺ˮһϸС磬ȫ³ֳ˵ɫֺɫ˵ĸо쳣Ĳ
ôҿ
³Ҫȥһºˮе磬³̼Ӵˮʱ򣬲Զԯɽһʯȵش³̵֡
ʲô
³ŭԯɽһ糿ǲܣͿԯһ˲˳ˡ
ԯɽ˿³̣ĵתһʮֱĵĿ˵ǲĻȥˮеĺɫ硣
ʲô˼
Ŀԯɽеԭ
Ļȥʲôû˵
ԯɽ˽һۣ㲻˵ʲô
ģ㲻ɣ˵ԯɽǹģ
³ץסԯɽ̬ȣϾʵɽʲôΣնܷЩĻǽӴ磬Ȼᷢ¶ˡ
ЩһЩͨ磬ԯɽղŵľٶǹ
СΪĺá
Ŀһۺˮ֮еĵɫ磬תʼʰ׼ǰ
ɭ߱ԵĵشһֱǰнǰСʱ֮һƬȽϿĵش
벻ɽ߹ɭϣڽĵǰһյأյϾɰʯɰʯϲϷӿݡ
ʱʱĿԿЩɫ֮УһɫĶ֮߳С
ЩǸʲô
ǺǣЩǷںˮпĵɫô
˵ԯ磬ԯĻǳζһ仰Ҳڸ߽ĵˣǺ֮еĵɫ粢Ǽ֪е磬Ǻɫߵ̣綾ÿֻʱŻһմȾ˺ɫ̵ľ綾Եһ£Σա
ԯɽڹؼʱ̴³̣ʱ˿̵³̻ʲô˭Ҳ֪
ԯĻ˵˴ĵĿԯɽϣж˼ӡ
ôɰʯش
ɰʯشÿһױֺɫ綾Ķߣôɰʯشǰȫ֮ߣȻշõѡ񣬵ڽ벻ɽ֮˵Ϊ㱻ˡ
ɽ֮еʹü˵ΪѹţѾ𾳽磬Ծһһ㣬ֻͽǰС
ǱиţסϺȣ
ԯ˽һۣ³
ҪҪ·ַӽʬˡ
Ƣ³̸ԯϵš
ΪʱȽϾԶĹϵʱϴ֮ѾȱһֻСǰУ²ȴһľȥΪɫ綾ߵĸ͡
Сģ
Ż֣ԯɽ
ԯ磬³̼ѾеɰʯشĶ棬ŻҲ˶棬ĺŵԯɽҲߵ˰;
ڴʱһͻȻѣĺԯɽ˾εץס˵ŵɻͬŵ䡣
ģ
ģ
ɽ
ڵż׹֮ʱ³̣ԯۼֿץס˵ŵŲڽĺԯɽˤǶߵɰʯش
ڵʱ̫ԶԯɽץסۿžҪѡ
ɽҪץס
ԯۣ߬һˣջǶˣۿԯɽҪȥǧһֻǣڳһֻץסԯɽ·
ʲôץסң
һŮˣһֻҪץסһֻֻҪץסһӣ˵൱ġ
ҧأǱɽΪ˵һԯɽˣʮԯɽԺȥ

ԯ磬³̵ĺ֮£ڽĺԯɽ
ɽ֮ϴڴڵĴϢţ㿴ҿ㣬˭Ҳû˵
ð֮ԯſڣ˵һлл
ƽˣ
Ŀһԯɽ֮Ѿƽˣԯɽֹ³ȥ̵飬Ѿˡ
ԯɽ̧ͷʱӭ˽ĵĿ⣬һĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ݵϢƬ̣һǰС
ɭ֣ɰʯشǰһɽ
ڲɽ棬ĵ˲δָɽ
ɽֱƼ䣬Ӱɽʼ㱻ѩǡ
Ϊ˸ܵΪǵ䣬ֱڿռָ֮лм·Ųڱɻݴ
ҹɫѩɽۣ֮һɽϢһϵ籩ѩȥ֮ǰѰͨʯ
ůůθ
һִ࣬ӽָóʮöѼ³̻ͽڿѼʱһ۾ð̹⡣
ŽĵǱĳ࣬ԯԯɽЦš
˾ǲҪˣЩιԡ
ԯĳһһ۰ǰ룬ʮֱĵĽƿ
ۣղѼô㣡
ѼʮעգղģѼͷˣպõģѼӵѵζ͵ĻƽڰУζصڿڳ֮䣬޷ݡ
ڸһ࣡
Ҳ³ˣ˵ˣ
Ȼ³̣óѼʢж˸³̡
Ҳ԰ɣ纮ѩһȺĶ
˿ԯԯɽˣҲǿţɣһô·
ߣԯǶ棬ѩҲԲԵĶ
ԯƿ룬ɶȷʵĹ
ԯɽ룬ǳһڣ漴һʰĳһ룬룬롭
ô
УһѼһ
ǸûپͲ
ԯɽǺ˧óʮĽָӸֱӻʮѼڰгԵǽһ㡣
ԯüͷֹʲôʵڰߴﹾĽУټϿԯɽԵô㣬ҲǶ뿪ʼѼ
Բ֪һڵԯͺñȴĴһһʰ
һ룡
һöѼ

1798 ôˣ

1798  ôˣ
ô
ԯŭյЦţϵıдš
Ӿڴ٣ô
ɰӵҽУۿһҪ˵ףԯֱӴӻ˦һöָָжٲԯжǮʮʲô
ԯɽԯֵܶ˵ĳ࣬³̲üͷ
ԯǲĽҲˣô˰ûԹһղŻӲʮ˵ʲôҲԲһڵģڳԵĶȹ֣
Ҫǲ˵ĻͱĹ졣
̧һƺݺݵش³̵ĺԿϣ˵˵ôһҲˡ
ϱҴˣ
³̺ٺٵЦţ˿һɶĹգ۵Ĺ򶼲ԯɽԯֵѾԹˡ
֪ĻΪģ
ɡ
׼öָ뻳еʱ򣬽Ц˫۳ߡ
ɶ
Ŀ⿴ŽģСĽöָս½Ļ
Ȼǲ˾ӿйصģ֮õһвƲҪĿС
Ѽģ˽вƲ
˵ɶҲЩǮѼĲŲңá
˵ʲôǲύġ
ǵȻȥ֮һڤ顭ҪӺأ
ݣ
̾һԹԵĽöָ˽ġ
ԣ
ĴǵЦжôˣĿ¿ԯԯɽ´ѼԲ֪ҪȻǮûˡ
ҹɫɽۡ
İпе鼮Ҳ֪ΪΣԴ½ԯҵĵؽܾ֮úҵƶ
𾳽֮ĺҵһ̨ףңҵƺܸӦʲôһָо޷ֻóҵؼһܲҵʲô˿
ɽУԯɽŷ䣬ں³̿һԯɽ
ԯ˭ˣ
֪ԯһͨŷ䡣
ԯĵĿ³̣ȻСطˣ֪ԯҵǿ
ǱΪǻз໥ͨţԯ֮һҪԯѪҺΪȻȺӱ޷ġ
ŶһΪԯ峤أ
³̽еĺϣһ屻һٵ
ôãջǲҪ
ǿɲһӵ˫
³̲ûпԼһѾԼˣٷӣ̽䡣
ղû壡
浰ȥɣҲˣ̫ҵˡ
ǾԲں³ˣһ㼼ûв˵Ҫ
ϱڸ
̣ص˻ߣڿڽеͷĻһ˲䣬ȫֱһѽı飬һĺˡ
ôˣˣ
Ŀ³̣һһ˳³̵Ŀ⿴ȥҲ˲ſˮ
ġ²ˣ
ڿĻ̌ͷڽ廨첹·Ļеžһڵϡ
ĸɱǧĸߣ
ңҺһֱ壡
³͵ҡͷǾԲߵģԼˣ
߻ôǸŮӶᣬʲô˵ģ
ԯ粢ûע⵽ԣ˵ŮŮ죬ˣʲôСֵģʲôһ
ˡǲ˽ԣ
һĺȣܵһİȫ룬Է
Ǹʲôϱ
³׳ŵӣſˮһǰÿ߽һ¶
ϱ
³̽ԵĽŻɻֻרעڷ첹·δ³̵Ļ
߹ᴩ·ϵʱһЦصɽ֮Уԯɽԯֵܶ˱һĶһ¡
³̣ģǿҷ·ÿô
վһ˫·Ϻ˵ޱȣ³̺ͽͷһٿޣһѧﶼһԵ˳
֮ʣÿµһҲû֮һÿ
ԶԶԣÿҽÿƷ
ˣϵ¶һݣǸҼǧһҪúղأ
ܶƨͶƨ֮һ䡣
۾Ϲ˰ɣ⻹кÿȹצĻ⣡
ԯָָ幤Ļﲻ֮
Ȼ幤⵽˶㣬ԯƺ֪Լʲôصĺ
һĻĺ³һκˣռ˻ԼӣϾѾҪؾ棬κԯ缸仰ơ
ԯ磬Ըˣ
ʲô
꣡
ԯ˵仰ʲô˼һ죬Լٶȳ֣һƻԯļϣһ죬ǻƽԯļιǴλˡ
ԯҲǳԸɷģؼʱ㿪һŲڱ
ʲôô
ԯ˵ļŭŻ
ΪǣӾͲҴ㣡
һԯֱĵڻǰ
Ѱʱ³һһʱֵڻǰҽýָԼϱԯ籩һ١
ڲͬڵֻԱ
ԧ죬ÿô
תĿ⿴³̣³۾գͷ
ÿÿˣԧµһÿģûκһܱȵù๫Ŷо
³˫ַͷһоĶȻģܾ
ģóݻأо
ģо
Ϊ˹ĺҲ˫˫о
꣡
һֱӽԯеĳĽ۶ϡ
࡫
Դʱ˿̵ĻԯĻˣδŮˡô£
һΣԧ죬ÿô
˫ɱһƬһԯ硣
³˸Լͷ֤ԯشаֲأԻ˺
û뵽ǰһ̻Ӳһʵԯվֱ壬˫ֻͷϣһıо
ÿµһǽһܵУо
ԯ϶еЦ⣬ֱеɱ⣬Ű³һ
Ÿʲô
ʾ³̳Ͻӻ廨룬廨˻еʱ򣬻Ҳָȫǵ÷ŷʲôˡ
³̣Ҹղôˣ
û¶ϢȥɣҪ·أ
³̳ŽĵһȫƣӵŻصС

1799 ī

1799  ī
ɽУߵԯǰűԼ߳һͷҪˣпϵĵ˵ͷ
ˣǿ
ӡǱƲѵģô¶
ԯղҲȲѵĺô
о
Ҳ٩ԯ磬ղǸоĶǡ׼
˵һ飬Ϊ˻
ͽĿɲԯǲΪ˻ľٶǣһʷǼˣԺó̸ʡ
硣
ԯɽߵԯǰԯļϡ
о
ɽҲЦң
ԯεͻһ۵ϴˡ
գɽıѩͣտѩϡ

˴δô죬䵽ѩϻε˫ۣΪ˲ѩä֢һɴ˫ۣܹԼԼĿǰһУֲڱǿֱ䡣
ʲôʱҵͨʯ
³Ϊǽ˲ɽһʱҵͨʯڿûиͨʯӰӶץ
ѩɽ֮󣬱һƬֻҪԵɽ塣
֮鲼ҪСĲǡ
ԯɽ˵صΣ֮³εЦš
ѩɽûȥһһᷢѩʲôģҪʱˣʲô󡭡ѽ
³̻û˵껰ͱͽ˱һ١
Ѿģ֪ԼǸѻô
Ҿ˵˵ҴҴˣˡ
³ѻ齪Ŀɻǵãֻϣһκźá
ǣѻֲǰ׽еģ³̸˵ѩ¶Զһ¡¡죬ŷİɫѩҲž
һˣ
Ҫ
ѩٶȺܿ죬ֱΪֻ˫
ѩǲƣۿž׷˽ĵˣڴʱһס˵ȥ·

ɶ

ץסԯ磬³̻Żԯɽ˸˶¡
ѩк£ǽĻǴɽҲȲˡ
ڣڶ֮һƽ̨ƽ̨һ˶˹вŶһ١
ģô֪
ԯ̱ڵϣڴڵĺűĿ
ָġ
ԯһ̧ۣͷһ˵Ĺâ
Ϊλ֪ѩƽһ̣ԺиֳһĨİĻ棬Ҳ֪Ƕǰ
ѵΪԭô
Ҳֻһֽ͵Ŀܡ
ϢƬ̣һζ
ȥѾǲܵˣһѾѩ񣬶ΪţҲûкʵĵɽߣҲֻһֱȥ
һξߵ˾ͷ
ʲôط
ԯ粻ĿǰһĻ³̰ԯһۡ
ɽԯҵĵô㻹⻰
Ǵδ̽⡣
ԯҲüͷǴδ⴦£Ҳ֪֮оȻж졣
ǰҵһɽȣѩɽȻ෴֮ļ紺ɽ¶ˣɽл˸ָ֪Ұ
ҵ졭
Ұʱ򣬽ľţ˳һԵʯɽ֮С
ЩЩȻֵ滨ݡ
ָָһ䲢۵С컨һС컨Աߵ˫ٻʱ;ֻвܿĻ䡣
Щݲݶɶã
³ȻӽĿ֪Щݵ󣬵ǲҩЧͼֵ³ֻЩݲݺһӲûɶ
ɶãǵʵĻ
ɷ˵ĽĻСժ´ڽָ֮Уȥ֮κȺ¿Щݵʱ򣬱һȴʱ˿̵Ҫһ򱶡
˵ǾûʲôԾĵطô
̤ɽпʼԯɽ;òԯˣһֺǴӹɢġ
ԣǵ⣡
ûаɽ¶Ⱥ
³ʼ磬˸ضѩɽĺ䣬ֱá
ͻҲûвʲôУԯɽԯ˵ı飬ͺٴһ
һĹ
Ĵйʱɽг֮ûκλ飬ʦһĹĹֻдһ˵֣ӦǸŮˡ
ī塣
˭
ĹֵʱԯԯɽסˣһҪȷеǸǲ֡
ī壬ôˣ
ī֣ԯɽԯһУֲһɽȾ;òԾԭ
ı飬Ѳʶˣ
ī壿
΢΢üͷҲĸ֣ҺԯһҲйأ
ˣԯظһϳһЩԯĸϸ֮⣬һЩԯ˵ļأһҳԯī塣
Ƕ̶̵ļ仰Удԯī飬˱Ƿٳīˣ
룬ԯһԣټīĹɽ֮Уԯԯɽֵܶ˵ı飬Ҳܲµе顣
ԯī˲õ顣
û뵽ī̵ĹȻ⡣
ị̄
΢΢üͷĺĿԯԯɽ
īԯ䵽زԯвжΡ
ô֪ī̺ԯ顣
Ȼһըըһ
īǻߴ½īҵˣҲΪī壬ī峤ԯһʽѡ

ԯһôɶ¶ҲûɣһЩ˵飬ҲǻãԼǽĵλΪּḲ
Ҳ֪֪ԯҵĶүԯ˶Բī£һīүӶ˵ˡ
˵ŲǶԲị̄䣬öị̄Żī뿪ԯң
ԯ缤Ľһеɣ˵ԯī֮ԭί
ī½ʱʶԯҶүԯԯүѡԬңԯѡԬͬʱī塣
īϲֱԯ棬ԯһֱģīԯ֮ļ䣬ԯԸֽ䡣
գԯΪԯҵ棬Ҳԯ֮˺ī壬ǣܿԯı¶ԯΪһֱڿѰī塣
ˣԯҲδҵīӰӣһֱĴϣ
²ǸɵӰɣ
óԯɽԯֵܶ˺ϲī壬ǵĹУīһֱĸĽɫԴÿһµᣬֵܶҲͷԲϷīðŷѩȥȺķˡ
ԯԯɽ뵽뿪ԯҵī̾Ȼڲɽ֮УҡΪһ

1800 

1800  
һֱịֱ̄ڶڿѰī̡
ԯɽīķĹǰɽ֮еĵΪΣīǰԹǶԯһ䡣
ī̡
ԯɽԯֵܶ˹īĹǰĹߵס
кãīѾˣԯī֮Ľܽ⡣
˻ŵʱȥֲ˵ʱôɶã˵ԯôȱµͲⱨӦô
˫ֶżЦŹĹǰԯԯɽ
ڶУԯޱȵҫڴУϵȴǿֲĴڣˣ
ˣվǱ˼ҵ顣
ڻô뿪ɡ
ԭ·ǲܵˣɽһȦһ۵֮һš
һţ
˭Ҳ֪ͨǰΣջǰȫڼֻһ·ˡ
߰ɡɶأ
³תͷ㿴ԯԯɽֵܽīĹѨڿˡ
ԯҵڲͬҲ˰˷Ĺ鶼ܸɵĳ
ԯɽֱָУһ³̲δ͡
һ˴ŽУһֱ죬˭Ҳ֪ǰʲôܱɽкá
Լнһʱʱ䣬˾ͷǰһƬɫ
û뵽תתȻѩɽء
򲻿ɵġ
ĸÿ˷һŵҩҩԻĶ
ҵ죬öģ
ŲޣеѾ˰׹ǣеĻڸ֮УеĻҪ룬һֻ·һ
ΪԷһʾÿϰһ˭ĵУҲüȡ
˵һ
죬ٸҶ˵һ֣Ųȥ
³̱뿪˵ʲôû˵꣬ͱһɤӸ˻ȥֻίĹԹԱ졣
žણ
ʱ³ͣ˽ŲָָԶһƬ
ǲۻˣ˻þƬϺƽ㣡㿴㿴
³̻п˻ƽ㡣
ӲӵĴ㣬Ǳʯɫʡ
˵˵еĽɣ
ļٵģһɲǮأһܴˡ
ʱ򣬽жҫŽ⡣
Ȳ˵ֵǣ˵ʾʮֵܽⶾ˵ǿʡ
ô
Ű
ͿǱĩÿһ˱رĹߡ
Ҫʲô
ԯɽԯ粻ӵĿŽˣÿ˶ͣҪ㣬ڳصǲ̫Ϸˡ
ͻһƬҺƬ򡣡
³һ飬ĺһ飬ĸִӿռָóСļģվߵԯԯɽǳɱˡ
ǲĴɣ
ȻأôϹˣ
Ϊû˲׽ԵʣټصĽĳ֣ͷ˵̻˺ܿĵϽ
һһһ㣬һͰһͰĵĵ㡣
ɶ㣿ͣһʱʮ
ӴĽԯɽԯ翴˿˴ˣʮļ۸ͣһ˸߼
˭˭ϴһµ룡
㲻ɣ
ϴһµӰһµ㻨Ǯ
ͬ⣡
ϴ벻ϴνҪ㻨Ǯ
Ϊ㻨Ǯ˶ȥˡ
ҪԯɽٰȰ˵˵ʲôɫѺΣս٣˵ʲôϿȥͨʯԷֹΣ鷢ֱóʮĸ˵㻨Ǯ£һѽŰ֡
ʮʮʮ³ʮ򣡡
İ˫˿³̡
סǵ㻨Ǯȥ֮ɶҲ˵ҪȻնųͶĵУһ㻨Ǯȫˣ
ף
ҹɫ٣ΪĹϵ˲δ߳أ˱ԯɽһͨԹ
ҪҪһࣿ
Ķһʢੲݵԯɽǰ
ʳǰԯɽ˿ģʮְĶ˹룬˵ʼ
㡭ѾģԯǲˣҲ
³̺ԯ绥ţֻΪʢࡣ
⼸ദԯȻϣԸӣԲ㻵ԯɽˣҲֹ³̣ȻҲΪѰͨʯ
ףҲ̫ȥԯһ廹к񣬵˵һ⼸ദԯһֵܸ˵ĸоٲԯһһ
غܴ󣬴󵽳˽ĵ˵
ңżֱ࣬ɼζʳһٶٳ㣬ǿ㻹㣬ŷ𣬶塣
Ȼû߳صһ峿˷ͻࡣ
³̺ݺݵ̾һ
һӶˡ
ģ켸һӡԣǽӵ඼ˣһ¡
֪ɣѵʱ򣬱˵ˣһֱǻˡ
³һۣǺӹϰˣǰļô
ɶʱܳȥ
³תͷԯɽԯֵܶˡ
ǣҲͬˣ֪֪뿪·
ԯɽе룬˿ĵˣӻóһƵͼָڵķء
յĹ⾰Ǳ뿪أû֮ǰ㵢Ĺ򣬿ѾıԵ
ԯɽôһ˵³˻
ô벻֮ػôҾͷԯôϲеĴ󶼹ڱϣߴ·ǿʲôû˵һ·ϾǼ
ҪΪ򵼣˵ģ³úõĺһܡ
ΨһһøҲ˸ܹˣԯһ˹Ȼֵ
ʲôҲ֪ط˱仯
ԯҲ˻ȥһһأ³̱ѹŭһֵˡ
ôһǲǡ
ô
죬Χ
һصڶߣ˫ǰҲûзκΣգҲû⣬һӴ
գۼĹһȺĺɫԼٶȴ˷ӿֶһĻֻͷƤ顣
ߣ
ɫĶ߳ž綾ĹջأԼٶȳǰȥ
ŶߵԽԽֻ࣬ûš
ܿģһ³ǰ²ߣǴȥ˽ǣ

ԭȿԺµߣĽһΰʯͷֶ׵˶ϣ

1801 СҦ

1801 СҦ
³̣ϣ
³Ҳ˵һȵ˶һ˵ʱ򣬽䡣
ˣ
ԯɽ
ĺԯ糶ӵһˣԯɽ˷ֱٶͨ
ȥ
ԯ˽һѣʾ⽪ȥϺ
ʲôϽģ
ϣзӣ
Ǿǣĥĥģ
ԯֱӽϵڽϵӹϣһƣԼվڶ±ԵŽĻ䵽˶԰
ʱɫĶ߷ӵ˹ۿžҪ˵ԯ磬ǧһ֮ʣ˦е
ץס
ԯץסϣһԾ˶£ԯץסһˡ
ԯɽܵǲǳ̫ˣ
˰˶ôô
˵Ȼקһԯ磬Цذɣ
զ¶
ʱֻоԼڲϵıԨвϵ䣬ۿ˾Ҫ¶¡
׹ô¶㿴Ǿ޴ţʵʵİУҽ˶ڲӰ
֪˶ãգۼʱ䣬ֻһô˫۵ĽǰֻһƪɵӰӣԼںηֻԼԼĿ˵
𶯣ǵʱ˫ۡ
Ůӵ쳣ᣬľϽĸ֪ܣŮƺҲ˽ĵĽһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
õģѶܰȫǵ˫Ҳϣڸڵķء
ϴ֮
ĲδоŮӵΣϢ֮͵泩ҲûŮӵϲеϢӦǾ顣
ʹʲôط
ŮϵҲĽңСҦͺá
ŮŮһˣҲ֮һµҲбϵʲôĲֻ֪ܸоõ֮ͬϢȴҲв֮ͬ
СҦ뽪˵ǴӶ׹䵽ľϣ·ҩûбľȫ
ľ
ţľľ֣ƽ涼Ƕµʲôͳʲôû뵽ǡ
СҦҲ⣬ɽѾкþûгˣһӳô壬Ҳ֪ΪΡ
лСҦ֮
֮ͰˣϢȥˡ
СҦŽ뿪˷䣬ȥ鿴һ˵Ĳ顣
Լҽʦ۾˺Ҳ㰲ĵϢ
˫۰ɵһ̣֪ۿȫݡ
ۿǱ棬ǿ͸ıʡֻϲȥһУҲˡ
ڣ˫ۿֻģģĿӰӣҲֻòдΪȥ߶ʶ۸֪ΧһС
ϣҵ۾۰
ԶԶأ³ɱһĽ
ҵ۾ǲϹˣҪǿϱô찡ҵ۾
ܲܰһᣡ
һ³̹ԹԵıͣȻõҲоõ
³ίߣģСϱһ
ϱһΪҲˣϹˣϱ᲻Ұ
³̲֪ڵȫ⡣
ңĸ̵ɵӣ
һ仰һ˲³еŻٺٵɵЦš
Ҿ֪Ҿ֪ϱǰҵģ
ܲעΣһ˾ǲԶأ
Уֹл³̷޶ˣԯɽԯ磬˱һУΪˣСҦŽİһڡ
СҦѽͣ³̰˫ҪһУֻܿģģӰӡ
˼ǣң˶Ϲˣ
Ϲˣʱʧȵɢ֮Ǿܳˡ
СҦŸɾڶԯɽĲš
ǲǳеĽˣ
СҦʵҲں棬ľȻʧʱʱܺת⼸˶ʧĸʱָΨһɱǳеĽ
Ǹܳô
ǲܳԣǺö˿Բһ١
СҦˮϴɾָԯɽ˫֣Ϊ˶ʱʧԲδԯɽߺգСҦֻԯɽΪʹҲû̫ࡣ
ǣ˽֮󣬻һǡǡľζ
СҦˣľʪĻУڲɽĶ֮ϣŲɽԭеľҪطľĻҪѸ٣ζ֮󣬸Ľʳ
СҦôһ˵ҲΪʲôԯᱻľȥԽԵࡣ
ˣϢɣȵʱ֮һ¡
СҦ˰úõʱ֮ڸ˻ҩ
ɽû¶ɣôоϢңǲˣ
ûûУֻ۾ѡ
ԯɽľһ
ԯ磬㵽ױǳ˶ٽ𣿡
⻰˵Ƿᣬʲôбǳ˶ٽñǳôӶǹĳԡ
ʱ˿ԯ۾Ļһݺݵĵ³һۣκһ۾Ӿ۵Ľǰ˯һȽϺá
ʱ֮󣬽ž˫һЩӰܹؼ
ģǲ֪ҿϱ⼸ʱ棬޷ҵ
³̵Ļĵֱθݺݵøһơ
ˡ
СҦˮߵǰʾ⽪Ҳô඾
ҲСҦĳ࣬˵ˮ飬ΪȻִˮһǰһԯɽڿСҦʱһֺ
ϣԯҵĳأ
ǰĸоأ
һϢŵô
ţ˼Ϣ
ģ³̺ͻĸһһ˵ԯɽӵĺ
ԯҲͷԯɽǺ͸˵գֱӿʵ
ɽϲСҦɡ
ûУңǸмСҦһУ
ϲͳϰûʲô˵ģ
ԯЩ⣬ϲһû漴뵽һؼԵ⡣
ԯһǽĴ壬ԯɽȻԯһֱϵӵܣǼҳʿСҦ壬峤ǶȻͬԯһɻ顣
ԯǽôõʱ䣬һ˭ҲƻĹأǱԯһ˲ͨ飬
뵽㣬ԯҡҡͷ
ɽ㲻ܺСҦ飬ᱻ峤ģ

1802 ١è

1802 ١è
ԯɽǵһԯ˵Դ
ûУ
ˣ˶۾ɵӶóͱˣ׻˵úã֮˽֮ξ͵Ĭˣ
³Цԯɽ˵ԯɽҪǻһЩڣȴһһԯһôһô
׼һЩȺͣȻʲô⣬˵ȴõӪƷ
СҦֻЦţδ֮ЦеκεĲʣɫûһΡ
˵껰СҦת뿪
ιСҦﲢϲ㰡
³̻£ԯɽ۵һĨɼʧ両ֶ˸ȷСҦһ飬ֻϧŮΰ
򵥵׺һЩ⣬Ȼ˵ʲô⣬ڼζʮֵζ
СҦˣһֱסڲɽô
СҦԴСҦе֪ͨʯһЩ顣
ڵ˶£֪ȥ֮᲻ԭĵطҵͼҲûʾڵλã˵һСҦȽ
ţԴңұһֱסڲɽһҲˡ
СҦһ׷ԯɽǰĿ
ϲôŮЩµģ
ϲϲԣ
ԯɽ˵ףһĽһ׳˸ɸɾװܳԣҪȻҲһͬȥġ
СҦȻסڲɽʱ䣬Źͨʯ
ͨʯô֪ڶɽУӡš
СҦͷ߽ĵˣͨʯŮϴУֻҪ˳ŮϴһֱǰߣһºӱԵ塣
ֻʯһֻ޿ţ˿Ļᱻɡ
ô
ͨʯô
ţһɽĿıѰͨʯӡԶŴħ
ҲڣֱӸСҦǴеĿġ
ŶԭˣϽ԰ɣҪȻһˡ
СҦÿһ˵̬ȶʮֵĺƣ뿪Ůϴǰ֮ǰ׼Сʳԯɽ䱦һһһŽָ֮С
СҦӱ֮󣬽˰СҦ˵ķн
Ҿðɣңϲԯɽô˵ԯɽҲǱõĹӸ磬ȱȶһԯҵˡ
뿪ЦķСҦԯɽ̬ȣ֮СҦÿһ˶ˣΪҪһԭСҦ֪Ϊ
СҦԴ;סŮϴУԲɽеˣӴҲһЩɽеľ֣֮е֪塣
˵СҦ֮ԶԯɽͶ˶һ̬ȣΪĻδ̵СҦŮ֮оĸо
Ұ˼㲻ϣ
³ԯɽļ򣬴ԯɽбŵĲóһöɡ
ζ
ɽ٣οԯһй涨׼ͨ飬׼ġ
ԯڿοԯɽⲻ֪һ仰ԯɽиơ
߹˳һºӡ
ºӵûʲôΣյ鷢ֻ;ºӵʱ򣬼ںˮзһЩ壬Ϊڱˮʴϵģ壬ֻԼԼĿʲô
ڴº֮ʯǰСҦĻ˵оػʯǰҪСӦԲǡ
أȥɢˣ
³ܸоΧɢǿϢǾʯǰǾʯ֮󣬼Ϣò˽Χһһ
Ƕʯǰһӵʱˣȴ޳֡
׼ǰƿʯŵʱ򣬺ڰлһͳ˻ޱǿѹ
𣡿ȿȣ
û꣬ͱˮҭסˡ
ɶ⣿
Ϊľ޳ˣһɫë׵ķè˷׷üͷ
Ǿô
ҪǲϹĻһӦèɣ
³ָָ֣ǰèèһèûɶ𣬳ǾһЩ
ڴʱˢһһӡèӳצӡ
ٸָͷָűַ㣬Уôһһĳƺ𣬱ԶԪޡ
ԶԪޣ

ǽĵ˿ǰֻ˶èһ˵èԶԪޣػʯŵľޣֵ廹ô·Ѿɣ
Ƚĵ˿˵Ԫèһοڡ
ǲҪʯͨʯ
ϻΪѰͨʯӽԨзٻ١
³û뵽Լ֮껹һֻèԻе˼
ŶĲˡ
èֱһƨ˵ϣŶµĿ³̵ˡ
ǰãԣҲǰãžһٶǰɣһѿʯŵԿˡ
èı飬պں̬˺ǲˬ
ʲô˼ʲôԿס
ʲôʲô˼Կ㶼֪ɶҪʯͨʯҪԿףǿӲĻʯеĻأʱ˵ˣͨʯᱻڳ֮£˵Ҫʯţ͵ҵԿס
Ϊֵ̫ĹϵèֻһƸɴԲĹĵĶƤϣģʮֵ
ҲǧҲŸǣԿ׾ɽĽʿУǵԿ׾ܿʯõͨʯһ̸
ɽ
ԯɽԯɽֵʱɫ˲½˶֪ɽǵطӦȥģȥɽˣûһŻ
ɶ˵ıѾ˵ˣô
èʮֲͷİ˽ĵһۣŵʲôóԵĶȻֻèڽĵļϡ
ϾȻζоβö㽻òã
è˫ҫ۵ĹâŽĿͣ
ʲôô
ĴӽָóһپϹСһᣬɵԶͬʱèҲһԾȥ׷
èèԶԪèı䲻˱ԡ
ԯɽɽʲôط
ڲ½ļ֮أ
ҪȥɽҪ뿪ɽڴ֮ǰҪȻԯһˣ治ɽеϸ顣
ʯţõͨʯҪԿףõԿ׾ҪȥɽԯɽԯΪָԾǶ˴Žȥɽ
·ԭ·أ˻صԯҵʱԯҲ֪˲δõͨʯҪǰɽ
ʲôͲˣб°ѳµĽ³ҪͶʳͶ˸ģ
³̲˵໹ãһһ磬˷׷׸оθ
Ѿģܱܲ죡
ԯԯɽԯͬǰɽѰԿףԯΪ˽͵ɽɽ¡

1803 ٻʾ

1803 ٻʾ
һΣԯؽĵ͵ɽ¡
Žģԯƺʲô˵գǽ˻ȥ
˵ʲô
ûʲô
ԯػû˵ת뿪ˣ뿪֮ǰ֪ˣѰҵԿףԯܸ˵ĺϢ
Žʧеԯأ˫мֲ⡣
ôܾˡ¶
ĸоһ׼֪ĺԯصˣôôԯء
ôأһֺܲõĸо
ˣǽɽɣ
ɽͬһش½ߣޱȣżмҲɽȺɽһϢ
Ϣôӡ֮һ񾳵Ϣڽɽ֮ǰ˹Σ˲δΪɽϢκλþ
˵ĸо
³ҿ˿ɵý˽ϵ·
ôô䣿
һѾݲ˴ĺ䣬ԽǳɽɽȥԽǾΧĿ˼֡
ɽвûκεķչûн˵Ϊǣˣ³̻Ǿ䣬ݴͺڲɽɽ۵ʱ˱ѩһ
磡
Ҳһ磬˿Χɽ˲һɾͷ
ߵɽҲӰ߾ʲôط
շеУҲ֮Ļˡ
Ұɣ
ԯɽһ۽ģ·һֱǰߣԯ³һš
Ѿģëʲô
Ҹˣ
ԯȫǳڱڽɽ֮ǰ³̺ǲСĵĲԯһţһ͵ˡ
ԯҵˡǲӶв
ûдӴԯ֮ǰ³϶һЩ˶ĺ֮ˣڽӴԯҸ֮Щԯ˶һȺ
ԯ˵ɣһ𿴱³̵ĺܣһѰûʲô𣬿˽¾һ̲ĺԣҪϼٱ
žһһƴ³̵ԴϣҪ³Ϊ߶ѾϰˣͱĹˡ
ϱˣ۲ۣ
³̣ܶʱǴ飬³Ϊٷ֮ٵĺ÷ѹͲϵԼԿ۲ֻۣĻ۲ۡ
ףⶼ˶ˣôôģ
ĵģ³̧̽ͷԼӵĿǳЦ
ʲôģ飬Ŷˣ⻹ûҵ
Ųҷַӿ㡣
ֵܵסô
ҪҪԣ
ĻҲһ̡
˫Ŷˣ·
³̷׷ſˮٺٵЦ˵źûû
㿴ǱߣǲǸˣ
ԯɽָŲԶɽϴߣģģĿӰ
ǲ߽֪ˣǾʣ˾Ūʡ¶
һԯɽ³ǰ泯ɽȥ
߽ʱɽ۴߻عͷż˴һǷ
ϣû뵽ɽ˿ˡ
˼ҡ
ĳ˼ұǸټɽֻһˣټϴϱŷǿϢɣǰ˼ҾèеߣҲҪҵˡ
ɽ֮ϣûߵԤУĵȴϹ
үӣҲû߰
˭˵û߾͵㣬˵ĿⲻҪôǳ
߻£ֻһͷˮţСҧסе͡
ⲻǵ
ߴ˸Ƿһתͷĵ˵ʱָָԵ͡
Ϸһ㣬ǵˣʲôϷ˵ʲô

㣬˵ǿ
ǣûߵ͵㡭ǲе̫Ϊˣο㣬Ǵðţ
㣬ţ
Σֻмеκһ˵㣬߲Żһοں˵
ģ³̣ԯ磬ԯɽɽϣԣûߵͣѧߵƿʼ㡣
ǣӰ쵽˺ҹû˵ˣһֻСҲûп
ģͷǲˣǣ
³̱ʾĻɣȷʵҪҵԿףҲڱϷˣ̶ȣͺͰ׳һ
Ѿ˯ȥߣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
³̣ԯ磡
Ľˣʾȥɽ£ڳһͷţ˩ϣֻ˵ǵ㣬û˵׼ʲôŷ
һļϣɽ£һͷŲƤţˤϡ
裬裬裡
ţĽţʱҲ˫ۡ
Ŷԭǵ㡣
˼ңֻ˵ǵ㣬ȴû˵ʲôӣǵ㣬˼Ҹ֪Կ׵䡣
˯ۿ˿ģִһǷ³һ˶ˡ
˼ң㵽û˵
³̴һֻΪҪһЩô˯ȥٹ춼ҲԿס
ŶôʲôϷֲӡ
˫ۣ˿³̣ԹƺΪ³̵Ĵ˯ߡ
ʲôģ
߻еͣĿڽĵ˵Ķϡ
Կ׵ģ˼֪Կںδô
ΪίķʽѯԿףè˵ߴԿס
ŶŶŶԿװϷȷʵ֪Ƕǰ֮ǰˣԿ׺ڷٻʾ޵УǼһ￴Կ׳ƯͺϷҪȥ
ٻʾޣʲô
˼ңٻʾʲôط
ڶɽ֮УҪҵĻֱӽзٻʾĸ־ˡ
ָָԶķ仰ûһǷ˳
ҪСһЩٻʾԶŵĻޣһԶžޡ
ߺĵŽģٻʾ޿ɲǺǵļһ˵ܲԿףҪԼ컯
˵ٻʾ޿Կףٻʾ޾ڲԶɽ֮С
߰ɣҲҪ
һ˰ָķȥ˶ɽ֮С
濴ɽûʲôĵطǽϵʱᷢɽһѹ޷ݵѹ
ңɽߵģԽԽһӵĹɽΧҹһ㣬ֲָͬʱһɾ޵֮Ҳߡ
СһЩ
˽վһºڰ֮лᷢʲô飬ҲûиӦ
³̡ǲеģ
ֲָĺڰǻعͷҲߵ˭֪ұǽġ
³һ⡣
ôˣ
ק·ʲô
ûаϱʲôΪɶң
һֵ³ˣӦʲô¶ûԴԵ޹ʵıһӡ

1804 ɷ

1804 ɷ
Ҵʲô
֪ܵϢָ罣ѹûʱ³̺ô
ϣ
ʱԯҲһ
ʲôסҵȣ
ԯ翪˵ҪȻȵ˲ʱԯûӰˡ
ĺԯɽһץסԯ磬Ųԯ类еΣմߡ
СһЩڰ֮δ֪Σգ
ߣһȺϡ
ڴʱһص˶ߣ֮гŨŨĲ֮⣬˵һָͷѹϡ
ߵԶһԶǧ֮һֽڶߣץסԴǴʲôطġ
Ƿٻʾޣ
үҲܽеģ
һ仰ټϷٻʾ޵Ļش𣬹Ȼӡ֤˵Ĳ롣
ǣȻҴ뱾үĵ̣ǲˣãүҲһʱÿˣǼϴ
˵ţһ紵ڰԼԼļһѪڳŽ˺ҧǱҧסǲҲˡ
䣡
佫ȫУ𾳽֮󣬽ҲҲһδ󵽵ĸ߶ȡ
Ǵ𾳽˳֣Ҳսٸغϡ
ϣү
ٻʾһҧеʱܹһص֮䣬ײһϵӿ
ٻʾ۵צ죬ĵҲͷۻ
ɶ䣬˵һǧ˰١
ҪӵĽ䣬ƨˡ
ҲǱԼĽͷζܿľͻָ
ϣүˣ
ٻʾŭһ޴Ļ棬ǻʱ򣬽һҲ˺ľ޵ĳࡣ
ôءţһͷô󣬶ϳë׵ķɫë
ԣûǷɫëһ˫ֲǵĴڣٻʾĸ൱£ǵٻʾ޵ʱ򡭡Ȼеȵġ
˭Ļ
˫ֽӡԴӵ𾳽֮󣬱ʹúҵҲ˲ʲôˡ
ҵγһɫʢڷٻʾߵʱԯԯɽסˡ
ǡ
ǣҵ𣡡
ԯɽĻǿ϶ģʹõԯһҵ
ǣһôʹԯһؼؼֻԯһŮʸ
ҵԯһؼ޴
ڰ֮Уһɫڷٻʾ޵ߣҲһƬڰɽ
Ǻǣû뵽һྐྵȻǳɣүó汾º棡
£ٻʾޱ󳤳һԷɫë׳֮е쫷粻ϵسŽĵ˴Ҫн令ţǼͱǧ֮ˡ
ףٻʾޡǡ
죬С׺;˴Խָг֣ڰ֮Уֳ˪СҲֳ˾βվͷǧƵķɽš
ϺǣձүܳԵˣܳԵβգգ
ڷٻʾǰϹŵ˪β;ûʲôϵƣΪϣȴڷٻʾޡ
ԶŵĴȻϾҲͷˡ
׻˵úãǰˣǰɳ̲ϣһĨЦ⸡ڴǣ³˪֮β³棬ԦǧƵķɽϵĴٻʾޡ
ǿ˲ٰ
ǱģҲ˭ӡ
һĵ⣬ܵС׺;ǲǷٻʾ޵Ķ֣ڿȫõġ
һĻԯ翴ˣȴͽǻߡ
ʣ
ԯֻ֪һһһֱŽףǰһ⣬һôᱻͷôһʣ˺ӡ
Դǲǽˮˣ׵һô
İһԯ磬ӾвͦһôЩֵֹ⡣
ģԷϾǷٻʾޡ
û¶ӼȻô˵ˣһĶԸٻʾޡ
Ķ쾻Сʮģңʱ˿̵ķٻʾѾֳƣֻǿװŶѡ
ٻʾޣʱѡǽԿףΣ
ñүԿױүͽǲ̫ûô
˫ٻʾ޿һ۽ģҲΪһۣСץסᣬββס˷ٻʾޡ
ٻʾץסСײδɱ֣֮һϵڷٻʾ޵
ֻͷ޴ķٻʾЦᶼˣһģһĻһ˵Žĵ˶۸٣ƽ
ҽôס֣ס֣
Цķٻʾ޶ˣС׵Ĺ£ٻʾЭԿס
˵¶ˣ
˷ٻʾһۣǵԿ׵С׽佻˽
ˣԿס
ԿڽУһΪѰԿףȥȻͨȴǿ
Կ׶ˣ˱ү
ٻʾʲôʱܹ裬ȽĿʲôõɵķٻʾתʧ˺ڰ֮С
˰Ҳûҵٻʾޣһ֮Ҳֻ뿪ɽŲɽȥȥԿ״ʯõͨʯ
ʱɽɽ֮ϣڴ߻˫ۣһͷë׵ķɫٻʾޣɵ
ôģ
ɶÿĵģ㱻ԴԣӿǷٻʾޣٻʾް
ٻʾźߣ֪Ҫúõˢһˢ̳ߣñǰĳޣû뵽ֱ֮һ
Ŀࡪ
˺ˣˣΪ¶ᣬ㿴Ϸ򲻾Ǻܿÿô
ЦеĿԼеͣȴٻʾ޺һٵ衣
ɣҪǿÿͲڽǵˣǱɹˡ
ٻʾ̫ϼһʲôԸˣܾúܾǰǶڹгԹڣϼһñȴֱһ١
ˣûȥˡ
ˣȾƺȾƣûɶ¶һپƽ˵ģ
Ӹٻʾһ̳ӣٻʾֱ˺๾˹˵ĺǺȶ˻ǰ¶޵Ľһģ֪ĻΪ˶ôίƵġ
ɱĹ񣬱㣬㣬һʬΣ룡
㣬㣬ô֮ʮ֮ˡţǴɷ򡣡
߰οŷٻʾޣҲٻʾΪɶô
ΪԶž޵ķٻʾޱӵһɫƤëڣκΣһȶˣ֪˹ӸٻʾȾ˸ɫһƤë˷ཱུɫ
˵ͦÿģ

1805 

1805 
Ĳ֪ٻʾ޴˶ôӰֱڶ޷ͻÿÿԼһཱུëҹλ֮໴ޡ
ңǣǹһȾɫǰȥһƤ޷ָﱾɫʣԶŷٻʾֻܶһɫë֮䣬ܲͬǵĳЦŶɽС
ߣ߸˵ǰ˵ļ̳һһγǰǺ˱㱨Ѫ𣬿ɽѱ䡣
һ˵ķٻʾҲܣɳܣεȿɳܣ
һߣžֱɽ;ԯլҲûͣ
ȻصɽʯǰѾǰ֮顣
ǰèƺַ˶һȦ
ϣû뵽ǻĴɽûⶫ
è¿ŽģҲûˣٻʾСְܱˡ
ˣȻõԿҲע˵顣
ȥɣͨʯʯ֮󣬲һһҪǵġ
èڵϣһСצӣһ߸֪˹ͨʯ֮
ħЩһҪõͨʯǽһЩҲҪõͨʯ԰뿪ɽԨһ·ϣܾۡ
èЦŽģŵվèһʧںڰУʧǰ
ʲô˼
ϵ˼
³̲̫è仰ʲô˼ʲôӲɽԨһ·ϻܾۣǲΪõͨʯӡԶŴħôħȺˣǽɵΪʲôҲҪŲͣ
벻ףҲԸȥ룬ǵĿľǽͨʯ͵Ԩˡ
Կ״ʯţһ˲䣬ǿϢϵķӶһһĺˣǽĶоϢѹ
ͨʯô
˫ͨʯȥͺһɫúûɶ𣬿ǣһһĹԴԴϱŷ˲С
ǰһӣͨʯ˽ָ֮С
߰ɣ
ȻõͨʯһľٶǰԨֻҪԨԷӡԶŴħ
һоè˵һ
ģ³̣ԯԯɽ뿪ɽûԶ㱻һȺסȥ·
Щ˲ʲôħˣ֮ǲ½Ĵ塣
ǵѾˣͨʯǣʣ±ûǵˣ˾ӰĶձɡ
ǰ·ûǧҲаˣÿһ˵Ϊ𾳽磬֪ȺбģΪͨʯ˲ɽǳ֡
̾һǰһ˫ָһ˫ˡ
λҲӦ֪ͨʯΪ˷ӡԶŴħΨһ֮ǽͨʯǽηӡԶŴħ
һ뵣ģֻҪͨʯɣ
Ϊ׵ź棬˿ΪΣϢȻǸи֡
˭ͷģզ뽫ͨʯΪУ
³һǰĻ¿Ŷĺӡ
ģһͲʲôöѲħϸ
˵ϹҵĴ£ҪٴѪˡ
ӱΪħϸԱߵ˲ˣǲŲϡħȺħΪ飬ǵĿͨʯ
ȵͨʯǿǽվȽŸʱ򣬾ԯһ˾һ嶼Ҫ֮£
ڳ˶ǴźϹһĿͨʯģʱԯɽԯǰһⲻϵķӿš
飬Ȼ赲ԯһ¡
ԯɽԯһЧ˲Ⱥǲ½Ķ壬ռǽǿ֮еļ壬һԴϢһֽŵ·ɢ١
о仰˵úãΪΪʳȺ˵Ŀľͨʯǽ֮У˵׼ĸͻḲһһŵľԯһأ
˵ԯ峤ԯձħˣǻʲô
뵽˴˸װŵǰʮΪм䡣
˵һΣͨʯǲҪȻݹ顣
ߣһȺ飬ͨʯ
죬С׺;ǰ
ףߣһҺϱСȥ㡣
ãעⰲȫ
ȫĽȺ·߽Ͼڲɽ̫õʱ䣬˷һӱһǰԨʱ䡣
ΪҪǣĸκǡ
ߴ½һҲͲ½һͨʯаĴʱ˿̵ĳҲκȼϷ
һʧǰ죬С׶Ϻ˵аˣ˪ʣҲΪƷС׵ΪҲʤǰԸǰȺ˻Ǵ´ġ
ϱСһЩ
磬Ҳǣ
ߣ죬С½İ˴һţһߵĻߴ½ϣҲںһȺ·ߴһ
̸ȵģõͨʯΪ˾ǷӡԶŴħȺ˶ӻ£ҪΪ˲Ӱ˾ӵԶŴħȺ
ôɽˮðΪʲôΪΪȥԨӡԶŴħôȺסǣõͨʯ
룬ųκȵҲɾΣǻҪͨʯõ͵Ԩ

ų綯䣬Ҳţգ˽ǻ˳
߰ɣ
ڵϷɻȺųûа֮ġ
ʱǰԨĽһ̾һ
֪
Ŀתԯԯɽ˵ϣֱһ̣Ĳԯպèе˼
ԯɽûлػֻǵ˵ͷ
Ⱥ
ԯ˫ȭеĻֵģ޲۷ȥȺɱ⡣
ҲʲôʱˣȻΪ˸Եͨʯ
ԯͷը
⻰³Ц˳
仰˻ԯɣѡ
³̵Ļ⵽ԯİۣԯһжȷѡΪǽõķչ
չƨŵĿԴǰΪԼķչͲֶε˱ļ壬Ϊǳֶ֮þ˰
³̴ӽĿе֪һЩԯһɹıɵ飬ʱԯԯɽദĻǢͶ졣
Ϊ˼õķչΪǽõȥ㶮ʲôʤ̭ûбҪǽȥģֻ˷Դ
ԯ˵ͷͷǵֻЦš
ֱϴԵˣȥִʲô
ǣǽһпĵطһǿĵطǣҲһԴڵĵط

1806 Ժ˾޹

1806 Ժ˾޹
ˣ˵ԣδض֪ôдġ
һֱŻԨķٵǰ֮󣬾
˾ˣЩĿĺԣΪͨʯ
ٶˣֻˣҶԷиִڡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڰеĽЦŶһͨʯɡ
֪ȥԨһ·ض̫ƽû뵽ħסǵģȻĻǽЩνɡ
ԯңīҺ˾ռҺҵˣϲ½½ߴ½еĸֶѾۼˡ
ǾôҪͨʯԶŴħѣ
ˣǷĻΪõͨʯκκ
СŮޣͨʯǣ˾ӵˣ򣬽ա˱뿪
˵˫ָ󣬰ŵбŷǿߵϢ
ĴǵЦʱߴһӣǿѹֱģ״һǰ俪סһ
ҲΪһƣˡ

һѪӿѾ𾳽磬߾ȻһɼߵΪѾ˴𼶱
ľ𾳽绹һȼŽ۷ʹ𾳽ʵģⲻ˾ӵ˾ͿΪ
Ҵ˾ӵˣ
к鲼Ŀ˿߶һۡ
ʱԭڰеĽקԯԯɽڵϡ
ʲô
ô
ɶ˼
ʲôô
ԯ粻׽仰ʲô˼󣬵ɢһɫâʱ֮ʱԯ仰ںδ
ܣˣ
𾳽Ļʩչһ˲䣬÷Χ֮ڵȫʧȥУŵ·֮Ҳ׷״ϵ
Σģ³̣ԯԯɽȥȵԷ˺ݺݵˤڵϵʱ򣬳û֡
ûлعİ˾ôĺ޻֮һȫʧȥ˸ֵĴӴܡ
Ϊ׵߸Ǳң𾳽߱ΧŹײ˵첲һֻ
ߣ
˾ͳ˲˻عϾ㳯ŻԨٶʻȥ
ȻҴϷĸ첲ǸϷţ
ΧŹǽǿ֮У뱱úͬĸ֣ܾܵʹ¡
ȥԨ
ǣϡ
ʮ֮󣬽˺κȼͬʱ˻Ԩű˴ЩǱģ˵ҲԷʲô顣
͵ڻԨĽīĺκһˣǷġ
ǡ
ûʱ˵ˣһҲ׷˹ͨʯأ

κȽͨʯ˽ģʱ½ͻߴ½Լ½ڶҲ׷׷˹ѹѹһƬмǧ֮࣬еΪͨʯе򵥴Ϊ˱
öͨʯڽУǧ˵̣Ľͨʯӽ˻Ԩ֮УڴʱǿѹϮѹ޷Ϣ
ڲ½ĳϣߴ½ĸ߷Լ½졣
˶ǽǿߣ𾳽ǿߴڣöͨʯǰڻôõĻ᲻ȥᡣ
˲˵ǿȡͨʯͨʯҲ³ٳδ뵽ԨС
ڴʱһöͨʯһѳĿ飬ϣ߷ɺ˸õһͨʯĲƬʣµȫ˻Ԩ֮С
һĻ΢΢üͷ漴ЦЦص֮䡣
Цʲô
ЦǴ
ǿѹӽϲϵıŷţī˾³̣κȣ£³̣ԣ׷ǰҲԴԴϱŷѹ𾳽ǿߵѹ
˾ӵѾˣͨʯҲ˻Ԩ֮УӽԺ˾ӲڽκҲǽڼ廮ޡ
ĺǺڽһε񣬵ҲһεгпǰȺ˵ıʡ
ȻҲûʲô˵ˣԺǽ۱ʲôӣ˾ûκιϵ
ߡ
˾ʧǰֻ°и㿴ҿ㡣
ͨʯһˣֱ˳ϣ߷ɺУҲ˻ԨӡԶŴħǲҲͰһô
ھ½ʱͣԯԯɽһ۽ġ
˵Щɵ档
ټ˭֪أҺԯһĳ𲻻Ϊ¾ʹ˶ϵġ
ãǵ㡣
ԯɽЦţԯĿͽĵ˵뿪
ⲻ֪ʱĻԨ֮УӰںС
һԨһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ü
ĦһϮɫĳۣǲĿ
ļƻԶŴħǱӡˡ
ӡ
ҡҡͷһӣֻԨ֮һͳԽɫһԨʱļϾȻһģꡣ
ڿʱħ˷׷׵ϵ˵ϣΪϵ̬ӭԶŴħĳ֡
ڴ˫ۣû뵽Ѿôá
ϵ겢δ˵ȴǻص˷֮С
ӭϡ
˫ַһöǳ֮ʳǳ֮Ǻһ֡
⵽ô¶ͨʯѾ˻Ԩô
ǲ⣬ۿͨʯ˻Ԩ֮УΪԶŴħᱻѡ
ܼ򵥣öͨʯԨڣϱȻٴηӡһͨʯѣ㲻ǰϱɻָ֮ңֻҪҵǳ֮ϾͿԻָʢ֮ʱ
һеǰͨʯӡϣʮʮ״̬뿪ӡȻ仰˵
ֻǽ˲ź棬ôһӾͳΪ˽Ļ֮أǾû˼ˣο뿴ѾͷԺء
ǳ֮
ǳ֮ڸУҵһöǳ֮һ塣
˼˼
һߣص˾Ѿһ֮飬һУһȺҲǷż٣Լһ顣
Ҹ˵һᵽ֣һ뷴θ
³̽ɽзһ˵Ҹˣ֡
˵ץЩǮ
Ǹ⣬Ǯء
һβ㻻һ𡣡
ӽָóһ߲β㣬ͽļ۸ϡжȴͬһص㣬ͻѧ˵
С˶ӡ

Ū⡣

һһԻ߲˳֪߲ʱ߶ѧʲô
ٺ٣ȥ½һ̣ܸаġ
ɣҿɲÿһ糿ͱ
³̱һŽ֣գβļһֻϡŻһ
˵ԺҪʲô⣿

1807 ɽͼ

1807  ɽͼ
³̲ĿŽģ˾ѾκμˣԺʲôأ
кܶ࣬ܲὫǶġ
˫ͷ£תͷƮľɫ
ǰҲúúԺ˾ӷչķˡ
ĵó֮Уһڻص˾ӡ
ԶԶأͿѩƺκȺ¶¶ſڵˡ
һ·ˡ
ѩƺ֪ڻԨ飬Ҳ֪˵Ļһʱ񶼽֮⡣
ȥúϴһ׼ԵСˡ
ʱ£һν˾ӣֹҵĸо쳣Ũҡ
ϴϺ˾ͥԺ֮УϰڷŸָʳ
ϣϷǸϵĴɰ
һ̯ƣԹԵ˽ߣδıͽܣЦš
ôһг̷˵ǵô
Ҳǵ䣡
ҡҡͷ֪ôݣʵһֱЩ鲻ףԶŴħһֵĻǽ綼ΪһƬ˼ľ󣬵ʱɾͲǼôˡ
ǣ֪ˣΪЩ˻Ҫһеõͨʯ
ҽĸоõ˵ͨʯӲԭеЧǳʲô˭Ҳ֪ʲôĺ
˰ˣֻҪ˵ĵطͻͨʯǿĴڣȻ˴˼ҪȡΪƾԼֹʲô
첢ǺںԨ飬Ŀϵı飬ƺ֪ᷢһĻƵġ
үӣ֪ô
֪ĸЩϽҺƼīǰ˼Ԩзֻ֮һΪʦҲûʲôþȵġ
һҾƣ컺еľƱ
ͨʯûȫӡԶŴħԶŴħضӳӡǽպǸҪˡ
һֱףҲ֪ǽȺ˶ʲôĹ⣬ͨʯеһˣƼīûĻԶŴħһӡΪȡָħ֮壬ҲȻӸжǳ֮
Ǹʱ˾ͻ᳢ԼĶˡ
ȳ극ǼȥɽԺһˣϷ¶˵
ʦʲô˵ô
벻⣬ʲôأΪɶһҪɽԺȥ˵˾Ҳܰȫ
ӵģϷ˵ʲôʲôǲǳӲ˸Ϸ˵ĻŲϷַӰ㶪Ƹݾƺȣ
ٺ٣ʦ
˷ɽԺɽԺԭҰˣκȣ³ҲһһڽɽԺԺҡ
үӴ˸һӣΧʩһȫȫĽǴ𾳽۷壬ǳ˴𾳽ǿ߽٣޷硣
˵˵ɣһľٶҪʲô
̡
Ȼ˵֣ҽɽͼȫ˳
ɽͼľƴһһرͼֻҪղرͼĵصѰҵ̣ʱ򣬾ǽ緢κεı仯ǶӦԶŴħΪǿĴڡ
ǲرͼô
¶¶ǰڰеɽͼرͼָ֣ɽͼʱһ˲䣬ԭҰһƬĲرͼȻʼȼ
ɫĻ漸˲˲رͼ˾ĵĽκӵڻУ±ĪȼĻյ
ϱû¶ɡ
û¶ֻǡΪʲôŻ𡣡
£Ǻ¶ΪѰߣɴ˷ӡɽͼķӡ
ЦеĿ¶¶⺢ӵѰŵİǽȥӡ⡣
Ҫ֪ɽͼԶĶޱǿĴڣΨԵ߷ɿ¶¶֮һ
棬ô
¶¶ΪԼ³çɽͼˣүôһ˵һ
ɫɽͼɫմʱžһɽͼȻĪĳΪ˾ſʯͷʯͷ״ԲһǶʲôİһ
үӣʲô
Ȼ֪ſʯͷʲôԺɽͼŹϵ
һУ罪һſ鰼ʯͷǳžſƬ
Ƭ
ԣ
ԶŴս˵ʧʵǷֱΪſʯǰľſʯͷǳؾſƬĵ
һеһƬӽʯͷӦǲӦƬͲö֪ˡ
һ仰˵Ҫ̣ҪЩʯͷſԣƬǰ㶼ӦĴ
Ȼſʯˣһ°ɣ
˾ҲڽκμˣǾɽˮΪڣһ߸Լż٣һѰƬ
ңĸһ顣
ָָĸˣʯͷյͼָķűߡ
УҺ³̣ųκΪһ飬ǳϷн
ʾԼ³̣ųκԷʯͷűн
һ飬룬£˾ԡ
˫ֶż˵ʵȽϲȥһ飬Ȼ˾ӵˣܾñŤһЩ
ѽšüͷ
ʲô§Եļ򣬸õ׽֣һһɡ
ְڼﰡ
κȺ¶¶ʾ൱ίȻΪߣҲܾһΪʲô񶼽
ڼĲ۰Ҫźī˾ӵĴС񣬻Ҫ̵񹦿ΣҪʵʩطʦȥԲȣԼҪסٱץ˻
˾Ӳ鷳¶һѣ뿪ȥѰ̵ԼһЩ
סһҪСĽһЩ·ϱȻָΣգʱǷɢķ˱˴֮⣬ܽӦ
֪ʦǻСĵġ
ɽԺ뿪ص˾Ѿǰҹˣ˯ȥ׼뿪
˾
˵˾ڲκ嵥ԾϯһƱ
ı̲衣
ҲҪζ̲衣
ԭζ̲衣
ģκȣ¶¶κȻ˶æˣ翪ʼϾûйһ̲һ̲ǰ
æʱŴһԶһ̲
۰ȥ˴ܡͷѪҲСˣ
ԻӣԲ˲赹ˮĹκΣǿץ׳䵱СĽɫҲֻεĴϹһ̲ڸϯλ֮䡣
˵㴩һ·ͦÿģǻ֮Ǽͳһһ·
⣬Ҫ˧ֻ·Գǵİ

1808 

1808  
ĵôͬĻʱ̨ϵĽīϲ˵˽Ҫı
һǺöȻʲôֵǵĶûзһأǡ
˵ǣīͣһӣ˸ڱĺ첼һӲӵĽǰʱǲɵ÷侪
ѲɣǲɽеĽ𣡡
ļٵģɽǺεΣյĵطܳɳһ
ǣ˵һ꣬ҪĽĻҿɱҪģ
һһĽ̸īϵЦжôŨңҪľЧ
ôöǺöǰĻҲ߼СѾͷȣڣ˾ӺԺֳһӵĽͿץ⿡
ңȻζԶҲĺܡ
λǽǲɽ֮аһĽҪɳôĸͷǸѵˡ
ʮ
ʮҲ˼õĳ֣ǽֲҹһ
һ˲䣬뷭ʮҪ֪ɲֻζ˵Ųͬ塣
źˣںܾúܾǰһǿŽһ·ˣе˴𾳽ǿڡ
˵ǽ֮Уǽ֮£û׼ҲŽ𾳽Ҳ˵׼ġ
뷨Ⱥвռ
Ȼ˵ȺвټĸֶڻԨͨʯû˻Ǯȥ
һʱ䣬ΪΪֵȱӸ߲¡
һԵĽεҡҡͷȺ֪˾һӵĽָ߼۹һССĽ𣬻᲻ܱ
գɽļ۸ȵһҪɼ½Ǯ˻Ƕడ
ȥˣҲΡ
ǽϳ۵һ
īߵǰһֶ̲裬һֳ˸ڱϵĺɫС
ÿһıʲôɫĳжɲͬ˵ǺɫͰɫɫ𱦱УֺڰڸǵıǶ൱ʵľ۳档
Ѿкþûгˣʲô
κҲǺ棬˫Ҫʲô
ŵĺɫлµʱſǾȻһѹ
ɫĳɢҫ۵ĹƲߣҪΪɫǶıʯǽһѤĿһǼֵǵĴڡ
΢΢üͷһѺɫûκӡ󣬶ңɫħ籦Ҳʲô·Ķ
ʲô
ԭ
κȻĵ˵ͷ߽ģⱦڽ˻ǰõʱһ͵˾ģ˵ˣõļ۸˾Ӷ԰֡
ôõ飿
ҲţīҲţԽս˳
κȿһۺɫʯʲôĲȤֻһֱĿʲô
ʱʱҸоȫ䣬ΧһССߣɫƬŵߣͷϻ˽ǡ

һ˽ǣǱ
κԽ˵ȥԽҪһ꾿ʲôģĿΪΡ
ɫǰʱһģڳÿһ˵ĿⶼɫˣǱһһ
е飬īһӣɫĲ½ס
ˣһѹλҲˣ۰ɣ۸ߵã
˾ĿΪǮίʲôֻҪ˼ۣ֮ǰҪⱦϸ˵ȥ֮ʲô飬˾ӿǸŲ˵ġ
ī˵Źںɫ֣ǵıǱסһɽī˵ʲôҲȥһĵҪɫ
պɫ˾ʷߵļ۸˳ȥ
ģ㿴Ǹ꣡
κָվڶ¥Աߵ꣬ĿҲ˽ģ֮Ŀԡ
㣬һ˫ɫӴϾ·ûбκγմȾīɫĳƮţټһϮīɫĳһָصĸо
ļһɫССҲġ
ʱ곯Ŷĵ˵ͷһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
Цʱ򣬺ƿϵǿգɱȴɭҪͬκݵһȫ˱һϢ
ˣ򵥣
ŷļĵһ棬϶һ򵥵
ʱߵĳһˣ˽ϤˣǸ߼ҵĹӣ
ǸҲǴǰĸϵϢǰͬ۾Ҳܿõˡ
òˣɻá
˫ֶż򣬿ԽԽĸ
ɣĸûбЩɴ
ĸȷԨһ͸йأңҲ²˸һ㡣
û뵽ľɽ˴ϣȥһĶŵĸ߼ҹӣȻħħ֮һ
˵ģǵմħʱ˸治ҽϵһ
˵ЦˣҪнĸЩɲŻὫͨʯ顣
Ȼڸ߽һͨʯˣӡСԶŴħȻҲӡ
΢΢תͷĿ⿴ꡣ
ͲԶŴħӦǽ磬һĲȥô죿
Ǻǣ氮ЦȻԶŴħô׾ٵȥأҵ̡
˵֣Ҫ̽һ½ĵ̬ȣ˭֪ûκα飬Ҳκε
ѲĲ̵֪飿
Ҳʲô̲̣ôԸҲܲţǶ˾κһ֣ħҲðˡ
Ĳвڸ߸һʵ
Ȼڣǲ˾Ρ
Цţеһöָ˽ġ
ļһСǮѲùһ
ȻҾˣлǼˡ
ҲֱӴӸù˽ָһĲĴһ̲衣
лأҲͶ˵
ˣպԵټϣټ֮ʱܸľϲ
̲ʧУһʧĻźµꡣ
κſˮܾǰЦеʵǸΣ
ģ˭
ħ֮һ񡣡
˾ӵĿʲôֻΪɫô򵥵ģ
һᣡ
Ȼбԭ򣬻ҪСĽһЩźá

1809 

1809 
ЩǮ͵Ǯׯ
ĽղŸĽָڻУκϢȻҲεָеһС
Ȼ̰ƣڽΣնߣ˭֪ʲôĶ
ص˾Ѿϵˣһļ໥ԺУڳǿա
۰Ǿ仰ȥҲٵСˣ
ͬ⣡
¶¶֣ʾԼҲͬĻǳԷſˡ
ſңſңŮܲף
ڴʱһҪӷ룬֮˷ܵؾϵ̨׼͵͵
ˣﵽֵķˣ㻹ʲô
ٱ㽫УʱҲпֵȥ
û뵽̤ԺУͿԺɹĽĵˡ
٣˵㶼һˣô˵ҲԶ飬ôǸЩ¾顣
ĿһһϤףûٱٸɧš
ģˮץסһһһĳŽ˹޵ǽһҡ
Ůұǿ°ҪΪ
٣
ٴ̧ͷʱ򣬷ѾʧӰ٣һۿñȥԷֹ·Ϸһγֽ
ա
ģͶĸг˸ԳŲͬķнǻϡ
֮ĸǼ档
ɱ˵ˣ˦Ⱥˣ͸Ƥҩһ
һһ˫˫۾Ҫ
ģôôһ磿
Ϊ·˸ˡ
һΣҲһ£ֵ˾ӣҪһֵܻ֮֮ǰֵܰæֱǻص˾Ϊֹ
Ҳ˵ֱҵƬݳǵ˾
ţ
˾ӱͲڽʲôˣйһ£ҪôɽԺҪôƺɽׯֵܵķ֮һͦǻġ
ǾУһĻʲôأֵĻʱ򡣡
ˣҿǷǮġ
ĻǵǷǮ顣
㿴ɶأ
ѰŶĿ⿴ȥ˻ˣʲôÿô
㿴Ǹ
ָָߵĸǶŵһ⣬˶֪ǵֻҪڣǾڡ
ɶͬĵطô
һֵǮ
ǲǵǮˣ
Űӳһ߳һ²ŶĿţ˵Ҳжųľϸ㣬˾ӵӲŻôԣ
ġ
عͷŽˡ
Ǹɶ
ĪſˮнΪɶҲǣвô
֮õ˽вƲ˾ӵĹ涨ҪϽ
һĨЦ⸡ڶϣ޳Ĵ֣ʾ˸ϽǮ
ǿû˽ǮûУȫϽء
ţԵģô
ͽ˫˫ҡͷ֣ʾǾԲֲ˽Ǯ޳ܰࡣ
ŶôԯɽѾдһţ˵κһŲȥû뵽ǻͷԣһ˸߰ļ۸񡣡
˶ӣԯһ˹Ȼš
ȻѾ¶ˣĺҲûʲôˣ׷ó˲ص˽ǮϽ
Źô
˽Ǯ뻳УĿϡ
֣ء
ңûκ˽ǮЩǮҾ˵ģЩǮҪʳġ
֪ǱĩҲãɽԺԭҰҲգǶκˣ֮˾ӶǳԻ
óԵĲԣʵĲԣԹĲԣζظĲԣһԾǺҪһЩǮǡ
ϵȵʳģʮҲǹõģ
ûУͼѡ
ЦţЦЩΣҲ֪ĸ쵰˽Ǯ˵ȥˡ
֮£ڶʮ׺͵΢Ц£ҲԼϵĴֻĸ˵ķǮ
ʵɣͲǸ⡣
ļϣο
˵û뵽ô˽Ǯ
˱ѹһ֮װ·űһֱȥ
һƬһķΧ֮ڣʯ⣬ԽǽӽƬâԽҫۡ
뿪Ǻʮʱ䣬һöʯ΢ĹâҲ˵⸽ԲǧĵطƬĴڡ
ôΧĵؽѰһССƬǴ룬˵ˣ˵Ǵ룬Ҳ̣ܱȺͷǿöࡣ
۳ǹȥ˰µʱ䣬ǻ첻˰ڲ½һԵңʯǰδе⣬Ҳ˵ƬУ
½ܴǧ֮࣬ССĹ˲½Ӵͼ
񣬽ͶĹұǲ½ԵĹң
ΪܱЩ˸
װľڣܸ˷ܽﴦķʲôҪ֣ҲҪ˼˼˼
֪ˣǷһȫ֣ȫ𡣡
żεЦţֲûˣûн񾳣ṳ̂𾳽֮ǰһֱǷһ
ǡ
ĵڶУʮַ١
Դӽ֮һֱţ
ջУ˿һһ飬Щġ
ûʱ򣬲֪Ƭĵַķ
һֱţɻǲ֪Ƭ˭УԾġ
Էɣһҵġ
οڳԷʱһ˴ݺݵǰķϡ
ؤǱӹģֵ˹ȫὪˣץסʹ಻ؤ̧־һ¡
žһһƴؤʵؤƤĻǾͱһƸȥˡ
˵ʲôطҪ˵ӻһǲ˵Ļߣ
һٴ̧׼һ£ؤɫ֪ʲô³
ŷͨңҲ̵䣬İɣ
У˵ǰɣǾɣ
ŷֱͨӴ˳һؤǳ̴ؤʱǰŷͨļϣֻô΢΢һ㿴ŷͨͨһ¹˵ϡ

1810 л

1810 л
Сӣʲôú˵ûô嶯ô
һŷͨļϣΧĵ汻ŷͨӲĹһӶ
ŷͨʮ߿⣬Ҳʮò
˿һʮӽűʮζСӣôôг
Ǻˣ֪ŷҵүŭңûùӳԡ
ŷͨŷҵү԰Եᣬ˶ŷͨŷҸŻ
ؤҲ֪ô͵ŷңŷɳŷͨѰؤ
ǺǰһĻ
ŷҵүʶ
ҡҡͷʾʶŷͨһҲȥʶϵ֡
ЦŷֻͨһĨЦŷͨȫë
㣬Ҫʲô
ʲôһĶѡ
Ŀ֮£ֱŷͨ˿ջĺУһȭŷͨŵʯǽҳһ
أʲô˵ʲôشĻԴͻʯͷһѳô
ôһ£ŷͨ˲ˣҲ֪ΪʲôǰϱŷһǿϢһ㡣
Ǹؤʲôϵ
㣬Ҳ̵ģ
žһһֱӴŷͨϣһȻûһŷͨҲܲˡ
ŷͨһƴϣԹ죬Ѫס
ʲôʲôһûĵˡ
ʵúŷͨϻ֪Ǹؤ֮ʲôϵŷͨеǲҪҵ̡
˵˵ˣ
ŷͨǳ׵ˣʲôͻشʲôҲؤ̵Ĺϵһֲĸ
ԭˣ
˵ͷָصŷͨϣǰһ̻۾ŷͨ˲˹ȥ֮᲻μ䣬ҪŷͨԼ컯ˡ
صջУؤѾĻ˹ȥŷҵںҵ˻Բѵŷͨ˻ȥ
鵽ô
ţؤүΨһӣ˵ڳʱ콵йأŷͨ˵̣ӦþҪҵƬˡ
֮⣬ֻҪؤҵƬ
鷳ˡ
ҽ൱˽⣬ô꣬ҽѾﵽ׹ǵĵزˡ
£ؤܿ˹
ջ¥ķУһɾ·Ӹؤ
ϰɣȥƬ
ֱ˵ԼĿģҲؤߡ
ǡҲΪ̶
ؤһ˫رӣҵͷ϶пؤȻܴӼϿһ˿˿âһ޷ݵĹâ
ͨһ˷Ӧ㿴ؤһӷڵϣһس˿ͷ
λʥˣǾȾҸΪۣһλʥѰҵƬ
ؤΪʥˣʾ԰ꡣ
֪˭
֪ҴСһΣгĸˣɢʥĹâǻҸˮ֮С
ؤ˵Ļ棬϶֮е˾ˡ
ӦǷ֮ʺеĺˡ
ڸؤεʱ򣬱㷢ؤǲڰɽԺ£ضһΪϧˣ֮ⷲУһѵĸҲûС
ĥĥ˵ʲôأ
ʱĶһСԲ˽ڵϵؤסø˿ͷ
զͽˣ
ûУ⺢˵мǡ
ظؤĻһ۽еԲɵſˮ
óô
УûԲóԡ
ô˵⣬ɽĻˮİһԲȥһҲûи¡
Ȼô˵ˣҲʹԵİɣǱضȳĸҪ֤ҵƬ򣡡
֮Ļｪû˵˵Ҳ
ؤгãүĶӣӡ
үΪݺͨѹһֱѺ֮УٹҪնˣҪҵ̣Ǳŷͨץס
òһӣǸȴɵӣ
ΪѰ̣װɵؤģ˴˴û뵽Ǳץס˽ĵˡ
һɾ·ÿʵݶ˼ᣬȴкӺºͣһ˫ɾ⣬һ۾ܿ͸ʲô
ӣ㶵һǮûУô˴ģ
һ·򣡡
ΪܾȸҲν
˵Ҳ޷ͨǻô
ͨҲǲΪԭʼĽңǽһǲеǮڶС
ʲôأ
Ųӿ˿ʱ˿żʼյżӣĻϵԽԽ࣬
ߣ
һܵƣû˳ţ͸סˡ
վס
զˣɶ¶û¶Ļˡ
Ȼ¡
ͽܵĻᣬ󽫼Ƶ˶˵ǰ
ǰЩҶһһЩյĻ㹻һµĻʳѣյĹ⾰㲻ʣһλ֪ȥˡ
ôš
˿ģıʾԼҲΪˣһ͵ǮȥԺóԵģܹһ˶ﰡ
Ǽʮӻ˵ӡ
ЦţЦͽͨͨľš
һԵҪڸĶǱˣҸ߶ˣʳʣ޼һʱĸҪ
ôĺʮֺ棬ѲɻܲǳԺȣ
þðѰҵƬ
ʱ䣬˿ӱ޵ĻصȣүնʾڵĹؼʱ̣ֹ̳Ĵ󵶣̹оү
Ⱥˣ֪˳͢طٷһ塣
̹һվ˫ŭŽٷ̵ֹ
ңү
ĳų˭֪ȴվ̨ûߡ
лλ׳ʿȣ׳ʿȥҲ޷ϴˢס
ǲɵ߾ˡ
ųǲǽˮˡ
ǱɵֻǱδѹǶϣǶԱһ衣
㲻õһĽͣҲ뿪У
ֱץס·ǿнС
ȥʹ
ɶ
ںͳϵĳòĿΪʲôҪȥʹ
ɶɶɶŲϣʽվҲȥʹ֤ûͨ뿪ҲðĵĺȥѰƬ

1811 ôô

1811  ôô
뷨ܼ򵥣Ҫ֤Լףûͨѹ˶ѡ
ᣬ֪Ϊǧȥ̣㵽ôǿ
ȻĵߣֻлţϲΪֵǮĶһˣʲôûС
ΣǳõĵֻóĽԼԸ뿪òܴѰƬ
СԲҪҪһ룿
·СԲ̯λſˮҪһ룬Žһ
ǵĻʳѾˣλء
һͽģţֻѣͺķ˽ĻʳѣڼִϰҲͰˣҪѧʡԼòǡ
ҲΪ˵彡룬ǳ̫ˣصķϣԣڳԴöȵȵȸ㣬Ҫ˾ӵ˺úõذѿһ¡
˲ˣǴУǲˣ
ͽίĲҪҪģҲ֪ΪԼԭʹûʳѼ١
ԲĻȵؿջʱҸԲԡ
Үô˵ˣ
һгԵģ˫˲âεҡҡͷ
֣ôˣǻᱻԼġ
ַıǣзִ磬ϲʲôζԲ
⣬ֻҪû֥顣
ȻֹˣǾ沨ˡ
УļųԲ¶˵¡
ʱһԲԣҲ֪ĸ쵰ԲмһЩϣ±ĩ༯ӡ
ԴǼԺ󣬼˾ͺٳԲˣǹҪԲʱ򣬼ǻǼӾһʹ
ʵɣ
˿ﲻסЦ
ģҲӦòµ˭
ʦɣ
ͷʱԲʱ϶̣ڽϵʱų뿪һʱ䣬Ҳôһʱ䣬˳
ԭҪʲôڶԲ˳͵öԣû뵽һСİѰͶ۸ˣ˵ĩļڳԲ֮ǲ׵¶Ϊġ
ܰǰͶĻҺȲܳԲİ
˶ѧҽģȶҩʮУеͶĻӦǿԳԵĳģǵʱûκεζ
һİͶһԲǿЧְͶƷ֣㻪٢ҲǷֲκġ
ʼҲ֪飬ֱһصȥҩүүֺȾƣ˼ҺȶˣŽ˵˳
ֲãһΪʱĸ˵ֽأ
Ǻü궼ֱԲˡ
ǻһ԰ô¶ǼɶǳԵкģ
κ֮⣬ϼ˶˲ʵ֢״ѲҲΪֽŵ顣
Ǵγ԰ӵкԭ֮ʱȴҡҡͷȫĴժˡ
֮ԻˣֻΪԶˣԳֺ̫֮ı֭ԲŻᵼθʡ
ǵãʮӣÿһӶжʮ֮ࡣ
ĩżˣѶֹ˹˵ĺô֭
ֻתʱ䣬ǾͰһӳˣҲҿߣҪȻȥˡ
ԴǴε鿪ʼ㿪ʼƱĩʳˣĳԣЩ
˵ĹսĺٺٵЦš
û뵽ǻôӢµʱ̡
ǣٶӣôȥģôģ
ʲôΪܷΪ٣Ǵʱ˿̵ͽģ˷ǵûΪʱеûڣҷʡմմϲ⣬Ϊʲô˲һ
˿󣬱ʾʮ飬ͽĵʳǱˡ
ڵ˻ʹǰǰгֹųȥ·
ǰһ˳ࡣ
߰ɣ
ţܿģ˱˻ʹ֮С
óĻ˵߹ս¸漱ʵٹӭս
£үˣ
ʲô
Ļʵ۳¾ŽеĳԽŨ
үôڴϣӦ̨նʾô
£δѹѹة࣬ݺйˣ׼һεսйӦϹ
˫ָ֮еة״
ƾʲô㡣
ƾ壬ү

1812 ĺ

1812 ĺ
ΪүһֱΪȻݺҲѺ͵̳Ǽλ˳ֵĻҪԶԶʧǰ
ǣΪү뿪ܱһʱ
ǣص˻ʹ֮У뵱ʥţһҪΪԼϴϵԩ
˵ģû鿴Ϸ룬УνĻȨѾ׵Ŷˣʹѡ
ǸںƬǳܴҵƬĻĸǾԲ˷ʱʹУڴһһáָ
㿴һĻһСߴߴĳܣ
Цţ˫ֶżϷҲͷۣ
ȫ˵ĳϣżʼ
֣ʲô
תͷŶʲô
һг̸׬ȡӦѡ
Ϊܼ࣬ʱʱ̿Ҫչ˵ĸ˳Ժ⡣
ԭѾƻõ˵Ļʳѱͽļ͸ܹˣ˵ɽգҪѰҵЧҲڵ׬Ǯ;
ڣʱ֮Уó֤һɴ󳼵ļ֤£֤ԼףةҲΪ¶Ѻ͵Σ׼պն
ĻʵҲ֪ԼˣҪֲҴ͸˳ĽһָүһеȨͱȨ
һ֮󣬳֪ԼѾûбҪͣȥˣδһһӳ׼뿪ʵ۰ٰ
ȥʲôط
ĺΪңֻҪǸһ𣬶Ǽҡ
̾һظԼӵͷ֪䣬ǻҪչ˵ĶѾˡ
˵һѾûбҪͣȥˣʣµʱͺͶһ𿴿ɽˮҲǲѡ
ãǵӦǵ顣
үȳˣһүָ֮˵ôӦǵҲҪĽ
Ȼ
߾ȶӰµʱ䣬֮󣬶Ȼȥ
úͳ˵һұ֤֮ȥ߾ϣ뽪뿪Ĺȣűн
ӱյĹһһɽ֮УָǰɽˣҪҵƬɽµһС
һϵʿϵʿ֮ǵʿȻὫƬĵˡ
Ҳ˵㲻ȥ
εĻô࣬ʣµ·ҲֻԼߡ
ϸóż˱ȭǱǣʧС
ҪС˶ƭô죿
ǾͲݣ
ճָķĸɽɽϹȻһǰһ׷ԲԵϵүºŲ裬ڿĵ˳ǰʱЦ
ˡ
ϵүƺ֪˻֣еĲ豭ҽһöľӽ˽ġ
ҪĶ
ϵү֪Ҫô
ӹӣеʯ͸ҽľӴ֮͸ɫʯǳƬʯȫȫº͡
֪߲֪ôҪôҪƬѾҵˡ
һµϵүеЦŨңĿ֮е֮ɫ·ǰ뽪ʶһ
ɾڽ̧ͷҪʸʱϵүȻ̳ʧߣǰһ̻ڼǰϵүʱ˿ȴʧˡ
أ
ĴѰϵүӰôҶҲ
ƬĪĸֳһĨ֮⣬ΪΡ
ĸҵ˵һöƬյͼϵָҪһֱߣҵڶöʯָżǰķ
֮ǹף֮
ΪҪأʿǽսһɱͷѪ
Զɽ֮ϣģĸ˶ɽϣսľ棬΢΢üͷ
զ죿
ô죬ֻܵЩ˴ǲܹȥ˱
Ҫ˵أȥɽ˵ɽһǱܾܿƬκ˿ϢǶҪεץסһƬء
׼ᴩȥʱʿȻ˹֮£ĸҲֻñ˲Զɽ֮ϡ
żм۾ʿ˹ˡ
еզ죿

Ĵӽָмߣʼ
ߣڰʿǴѪɺӣǽһңһߣյɽζƮ㡣
ֻ׷ζѪȵζһ𣬾Щθˡ
ʲôˣ
ĺ̨Աߣɴ˫ۿḶ́ǽһܡ
ϲԵ⣬⳴СˣضƫƧ򲻵ʲôõʳģӦڰɣ뿪˴˵أڸóԵģһѣ
ͷ㽻˶󣬶Ľӹ⿪ʼƤ
Ϊʲôͽİ⣬ԭܼ򵥡
ĸڵĻʳѾ΢΢ʳĲرĽ󣬰һϸýĺ⣬ͷʣͲˡ
ţԣԺĶֻҪһ߱˾ͳˡ
ʱʱ䣬ɳϱ֧һӣȻûķʱ˿̵ĻܹԵ˲һҲǺġ
ֵĳԽԽˡ
ֵĳҲǾտĲҲʮ־£ʱҶдһ¿ɺã
ԶĳҲǸȤĳղͬһʦĲȣһֲϵ
ãǾô˵ˣɱ
һ̺õСɢž㣬˾ôһڲһڷһھƵĳţ벻ԶԽѵĻγǿҵķ
ʿһʼδὪĵˣֱɽ֧˷˷󻹴񣬸齫
˶ǿô̫ˣ
ʱĳ򲽲ƽҪĸ˵ǺηʥΪҪ˹ľٶֻĳûнӽ㱻µҩ˹ȥ
Ͳ
ˣ
ƵɣЦеĿֺҪӮļ롣
ɣҴŵģ
Ůˣ
̾һʮֲĴӻóһö壬廹ص˽ǮȵĽҲˣʱñԶٺõģ˭֪ȴĸˡ

ˣ
ٺһЦֵˡ
ɣӣ֪˲ٺöأ
ңһôȥҽĲ䲻ˡ
һȥͽӮӮ͵صĶҲ˲١
һĻЦۣеƵ


1813 ĸ

1813 ĸ

ƣҪô˵ץư
ĺ׷ſˮ˶һֱڷųߵ㣬һԵεҡҡͷղѾʾˣȫԼ

ɣ
֣֮£ĺֻܹԹԵĽ
˽Ǯô
ûˣǶ췢ģҪٲ˽ǮһҲ⣡
ָҸģ˽Ǯһ궼Ҳ⡣
Բۣ̫˰ɣҲû˽ǮˣҷģҪǲ˽ǮĻһ궼Բ⡣
Ѿģ㵱׸磬õҼô
Ĳһվ̫ˣȻһԲ䡣
⻰Ҳһվ
ж׸Ҹڲô
ǽģ˶ûֻѰЦѣӸǡ
ĹԲܡ
ۿսʿҲͣս
ʰҲ߷˽ָУĸ׼ǰ뿪˵ء
;սʱɫ˶ĽľȻһֻץס˿ȶ
Ⱦң
˻Ƶصҹɫ֮У¹£ȥ֮ʮץŽģ·ˮץסһһ֡
Ѫɫģӳһ˫Ͼӣͣ˽Ų˶н˳
ϴŵķ̣֮κһҵʿ
ģɡ
ǰһӽн꣬ʼΪϵ˿ڡ
ϵ˿ݺύɼǣճ˵һص͸͸ģ֮ǿһǣҲ컯Եˡ
˵˹ͷҽκҲ²֢ġ
֮ϾߵƣĻҽ꣬Ϲˮָˣ糣һ
ȻͽĵҽҲԣûôʱܹ˷ѡ
ɱսǺ˵ʬ壬һɾĵضϵ˿ڣڴʱǽзŽ֮ص֮䡣
źŴſսƬ̼Ĺڰʿ㽫˺ڱεΧм䡣
Ⱥˡ
ǹĽͿ˲˳ˣг˵һ˵ϣǳмʮ
ǹףĽͺƶˡ
սַҪĵطҰʿܲ͸ΧţѰ˵Ļǲᶼѷˡ
·ˡ
˫ָ󣬵Ŀһۡ
·ˣҿĪİϸ̽鱨ģ
İϸ
ЦţֻЦ̫೰֮⡣
ǸκôҲ˷ʱˡ
ˡ
һιһҩ
סʱĪɳκκԵʳҿһӣպԵټĻұΪͽ
ЦţЦݾ¹еһĨů
ˣȻκ˾ͱĥĥˣϽ߰ɡ
˸ǷôΧǣرĲʡ
ȻʵߣҲͷ˶֣й¶Լλã˵ʿ˵ʲôֻҪͺˡ
·Ҫˡ
˫ֶżεĿŶסǰ·ʮʿܲܵЩ˵ǰշаɡ
ûв˵ݣ˭׼뿪
ԾǸὫתͷߵǰָ֣ص˽ϡ
ɱǣǷַӵ飬ѡҪôÿҪô
ǵȻ᳤Ϊɱˣο¶ԼбķЩȥ
ָڵסһֻ̣һԭ׺Ľһȥ
˭֪˵˿ı뺷󽫣ǼٸվǰҲֻбɱķݶȻһһͻ˹ȥʵ˲⡣
˱ں棬Ŀ˿ˣ֪Ǽٲ뿪ĻȻвõ鷢ΪԷһļ
߰ɣ˷ˡ
˫ֽӡһ罫˻סҲεһꡣ
ȫչһɲǣʮǰ˻ʧ
ʩչĽ粢δκΪֻ֮ΪһڣǷ˶䡣
Ч֮ʱ꣬һԾ뿪ˣԾûѡշС
ʧǰ׵ʧټǽĪĻһһжҵʿǲǰôһ¶ȻʧһΪʲô
һߣս֮⡣
꣬ӻóӡĵͼҿָű
ű߰ɡ
ܷܲɣеۣ
²ţǰŶǷɣҪôڻصΪԭʯ״̬ͨҪôҪô
ħȺ˷֡
һ۽ĴӻҲó˵ͼ
һֱűߣǰʱͿԵԭˡ
߰߰ɣˣ
εĳ̾һƣ۵˶ĽŲ
֮ǰһ͸꣬Ҹֻ꣬ҪоⱾ飬˿һʱΪͽ
ʲôû˵ϵڵ˫ֽӹ鼮ʧǰ
ι㲻ĴҪǺΪͽɡ
кβɣȵǽٹȥ֮ҾÿԳһǸΪͽܣҲһ¶
Ļεʼ硣
ĳҲ˵ǹ澪ΪˣҲˣզǲǼһ˾˵ǹ꣬˻ͼı졣
ͷЩ֮ǷˣΪʣǱûú꣬ǵõԵڼĻպضΪߵǿߡ
˵һǳҲãǷžҲգ˶еĺӣǷǽҴ֮˵׼һ˾ջΣ˷Ϊ˷ˣûлԵǸ̾˲š
УȥͽǻڵңΪá
ĸһ·˵˵ЦЦ֣ԤƵʱ˱ԭ
Ҫַ¶޵ˡ
̾һһۻĻĮжôĶˡ
̶ӣǿǱ̶ӣ
ԭӴ󣬻վڶұϾҪʮ̶Ҫ·Ժ׼̶ӡ
˸ڻ켣̶֮У̶ӵϰҲǸˣĵĽĸԼ̶бѣϾⱱԭ˵ͱ䣬ⲻɳϮ

1814 ûɶ˼

1814 ûɶ˼
ҵɳ֮䣬һʱ䣬ԭıԭΪ˺ҹ
ԭɽׯΪ̶ӽģȻ۸ȻҲߵˡ
Ī£ǮѾˣλĵޱɡ
˵̶ӵϴҲĵ˵̶Ӷӳ졣
ǸĺӣҲǷˡ
磬̶һ׬Ǯ
ţóֽʿʼ¼
˿ʵĻͺûʲô˲Ųô̶Ӷӳֱ׵⡣
֪ҪȡһЩ֪ʶȻЩѧϰ֪ʶص˾֮չ
ӣ֪㷽ʳжôΣô
ֻЦŲδֶӵһۿĸӾ֪ĸӲ֮Ķˣǵʧ˷·˶ѡ
žһʤ߼㽫ĸʱ԰Լ̶֮С
磬ðֻһеһЩ׬Ǯ֮
˵ţ˵ǼһֵܽõȻﲻȱǮҲɽգһʵؽǶǷͰÿһٷҪķѵǮ
Ŷ黹ǸӴļ塣
Ҳ飬Ҫȡ֪ʶҲ˵̶ӵһЩ׬Ǯ֮
˵ţͼ¼֪ʶ㣬һһĵĺ졣
ǽģˣȻϲǮַ֪ʶ˵ͺñ顣
ô
Žģ˵ЩǷ
ô˵أһһֵҶˣͲ֪ɶ˼
ǵ˵ͷҡҡͷ罪˵һ˵ÿһʲô˼ǽЩһ𣬾ɱβˡ
ˣǮиɵų˹Ҳġ
ǰɡȫȫǸܼţǳԺȡడ
һʱ䣬ͺ춼˵̵飬ĺĵ˷ù̶ӵĺ˺Ⱦ죬Ŵʱ䡣
ǸǴǿۼЩġ
˵˽з责̶ӵĸ֣˵ӵʱеĳ֮жôŨˡ
ٵģŵô
Ȼˣңһ̶Ӷмء
˵ŵʱĳҲһɳĶ죬ʱһɳмѵĴţ֪ǰ·ȴǵĵʲôΣա
ڴʱ˳ɳ֮УǶξͬ񻰹һշС
ˣҲؿ˶˾ݣеһӡ
еĿŮľһӶûôÿ˶
֮еĳݺ޷ݣʱĻ棬ɵʱ̶˽ǹسݣϵš
ΪǵҶһӣɳͣ
ɳʧʱλҲʧһĻȴʵʵӡ̶ÿһ˵Ժ֮С
½磬ȷշУ
ǲˣ
贾еôʣʣ⵽Ӧġ
ô
˫Ŀ⿴ĺ
յʱĻ棬ǶӦѰʲôѲҲΪƬӦòܰɣ
Ƭֻ֪
һĨ֮ɫУĳҡҡͷһе黹ӦΪãΪƬģǾͱǲˡ
ɳͣҹ֮е買һһġ
ɽׯݶϣ˫Ժ󣬿ǿա
ʲô
贿˵
İ˫֪Ƕ˵ĿĵΪʲôΪƬĻֻҪɣ°;ʲô¶ˡ
ա
̶׼뿪ɽׯʱԶһƬһƬɳɢĵǡ
һĻĵʱ
ˣˣ
ˣⱱԭϵʮ׺ٲƵ˻ã쳣׺ݵˣˡ
责Ͻ˳ɽׯ
̶ӵļһӦһȺˡ
ϣҪҪ
ǻûˣǮƵ⡣
ûˣǾһжûˡ
贲ûгɽׯǴŴ˺ߡ
ϴŻߣҸϺ·
˵ʲôɵأ㺢ӻСܱҹ¼ҹһҪǿö࣬㻹ĸҪչˣߣ
ŷ责÷贵һмҾлصɽׯϺ·˴ɽׯĵص뿪
ÿһɽׯ˰»Ƶ
ѾŰΧģҲûˡ
Ϻǣû뵽˵еĺүҲջĶˡ
Ϊ׵ͷӿŵٺٵЦţЦʮֵ׺ݣһ֪֮

1815 ҵˣ

1815  ҵˣ
ΧסͷЦŽĵˣǱһ
ôû뵽˾ɫ˶Ҳиˡ
󣬴󣬴磬㿴Ůĳô꣬־µСүҲһÿ
ԱߵĸӦţƺѾע˽һ
ǰҪֽһˣȴֹ˾ٶڻǳֵʱ
ǽע˽ĵϣһԾ˽ǰĸ
λүҪĻȥҺԲ˵⼸Һݣλү̧֡
·̶꣬û죬Ҳ֣ͦһ·ܸһЩӡ
˱ĮΪ׶޳ܵˣ֪ԼĻﲻˣḶĴۣǣ⼸ǾԲ̣ġ
죬˵ǺҵĴүô˺ҡ
ͷӵ˵ͷпŵĴ󵶸ɭ
ôǺɱġ
ͷ˵仰ʱ򣬺ԵĿԿеʧѾϰˣԾǽ˻
ôƾǳϺҲǶԿ
ͷЦţͷһᣬµһȺ˷׷ǰҲǰںδڵһʱȥߵȻöȻ
ϰʲôӶŲţ
ͷôһ˵һǲŷӵϡ
Զ٣Ȼ˵̶ӵһЩǸи֣ǵжڶˣܿı㴦֮С
һֱĽĿ˿ҲʾΣҲ֣Ƕֲ׼
ԵƬ̣
ԼĴ㣬ۿɳһαƽ
죬
ʱɳ֮䣬ǵ˫ۣһ֮ﶼ
ڴʱӰԼٶ֮䣬ⲻϵ£Ѫɫš
һɳǹϽһ㣬֮ɳ漴ʧ
ɳɢ֮ŵĺ쿴ֻĿʬ壬һ˵ʬ˵ĵڵϡ
ôô¶
˭Ҳ֪һȺôģɾˣһڶû¡
׷ʲô
һãȻĿű˴ˡ
ĸӲˡ
ʧʱ򣬺ӦѲĸµ֣
ɿ˲ʮͰ
ԽԽò⣬ΨһͿ˵ǰһС
ʱģĸѾ뿪ˡ
˵ģȭȭ⣬ǻĻȺԴˣ
˵ʱ򣬹⿴򶫷
ҲǺ棬̫Ϊɶ˵𻶻֮ʱڶϡ
Ǹùʱ̫ˡ
鿴еĵͼͣ½Ųҷ˿ȷĸ˽Ҫг̵·ߡ
壬Ǽһ˵ʵǺ̫ˡ
һ룬һԴ
˵벻ãֻ̫ˣͺ³һ
滳ɣ³̺ʧɢֵܣ˼ֱǳζͬ
ͬ⡣
Ҳʮͬ˵Ļ³̺һʣ˰ӡ
ϲĶлɰӣǲǰ֡
Ϊʲôÿ𻶻ʱ򣬶ҪŽһ¶󣿡
Ĳ⣬Ѳʲô¶֪ô
ģ㻹ǵϴȥҰտô
һʮı飬ٺٵЦţ˵ϴҰտʱ򿴵Ļ档
һһ˲ɴˣҲ˶
ɣûʲôԾ
ʱںͻĽȫûвԻʲôͬôһ˵Ǹ˼
㲻֪ˣǸơɧϺ꣬ױаĻ
ͷͷǵ෴һԵĶȻޱȣƺûбµΡ
ʵ󣬻ǺȻŮӣѲСڣӱ΢ơԣչţ
;ȫƤ

ߣµĿ
ģ
ûеĴ
˾Լ˵ʱ򣬴˵ٻҲȷ϶ϲ
ǣղ˵Ǿ仰ʲô˼ɶлûеĴ
⻰Ҳݲӣ©Լĸ첲˶ǰ
ӵĸ첲ϴ裬Ь㿴һӵĽŴ
Ь°µĻʳѿ۹⡣
һۣĸ˴·˵ָ·֮£º
·˵ڰиȥĻºǹڻеһ£˲ң˵Уºоסǿܱºдƽ
ǿʯͷĹâԽԽˣѲƬº֮У
վºıԵеʯâҲԽ
ټºǰ˭֪һöССƬºǸ֮С
ڽôܴºҵƬʱ򣬲ԶһؤģǰĿⲻĿŽģ֪ȷǰ˾ǵڻԨĽ֮󣬼һץס䡣
ؤһԱŵĻͱˡ
ôҵ˰
ˣ
ؤ˵Լˣ¿ؤδһﰡ
ʵ򣬽ļ壬ؤ˵ңĺˡ
죿ͨʯƬǸ죿
Ķӡ󣬵˾ӻͨʯǰԨ׼ӡɶ˵ԶŴħ·ӡǼ˶Ҫӵͨʯ
ҵô
˵ĶټһЩ
˵վߵǸôôºһһӡ
ȷǣǰΪѾϣȫµľҲˣһһּпֶϣϰֲҩҽεĻǸ޷ϡ
ӣΪҲ޷ָǺһķûж
㣬ĸǺ棬Ϊλ
վߵˣݵλȻһ㣬䵽ⲽأʵ˲⡣
ӣΪҲڴڵĸ֡
ճ˵Ѿ˴𾳽磬ǱȻǿĴڡ
һе鶼֮ǰҵٳڴʱħ˳ңΪ׵һڷ֮꣬ϣһĨЦ⡣
ʱ򣬵ڶЦзɭ䡣

1816 ´Ǹ

1816  ´Ǹ
ſˮ˵ŵյķ顣
죬Ϊͱúͬһĸ֣ȻὫħ˷С
ڴħ֮š
û뵽Ļ淢ˣ꾹Ȼֻһ֣㽫ͷˡ
Ĵˣ촦ַ롣
ҵ˿ԼڱԴһŲѡ
ҲħɱΪ˱һа٣ջǰ
ΪȴҲ꾹ȻֻǷΪ;˷硣
֮º´˻ָ񷨣ԼŲȱҲҪº
û뵽Ȼĵˡ
Ϊº
ȼٶѣô׼´ǾͲɽˮ
һۣȻǶǸֱġ
ħ֮ʲô
İĳ˵ŹһЩ˵˾꣬Ҳǹһͬһûˡ
ǳ֮
ǳ֮
ΪʲôҪǳ֮
ڻ֮ǰΪϣûҲµûдػӦþԶŴħ
һı⵽ĳЦ
ԶŴħ⻹ԼͨʯķӡԶŴħǵãΪ˸Ե治׷ɱǻͨʯԶŴħųˣܰ
ȻЩô̶ʵ
ͨʯûзȫĹЧԶŴħ˷ӡ
²ûдĻԶŴħӦΪ˻ָŴǳ֮
˵ĻҲ֤ʵ˽ĵĲ²⡣
ԶŴħӡסˣҪָҪǳ֮ȡǽвټ⵽˶֣֮һƬ
Լ顣
ʼ磬ʾѾûаǮϵˡ
Ϊһ˽׷ɱ˾ӵ˲˵ֱɵ飬Ǻǣ
ʳˣڳһί޹ı飬ǸԼҵģӦѡ
Ļ޷ºҵ´´ʹָ
Ŀ˿ֽһҩϡ
˰ɣǷ֮Ҳ˼ޡ
л񣡡
˵¼˷һæҩȥ
ģ˷ѵҩʲô˸ֵȥȡ
˵һŵҩˣһӲͷġ
û¶͵ƶˡ
Ŀһת뿪ˡ
ȻˣҲ񵱳˾ǸݲӣŲƵºǸĻᣬȻһΪ
һ£ĸҲǽٵ顣
ԶŴħΪ˻ָһǳ֮Ȼǳ֮ĵط˾ӣԣҪҵƬص˾ӡ
ټºôһССƬƬʲôط
ҹɫºеʯͷɢŹâǿдݲеǳһ㡣
ڴϣ˴ŹǷ
ʱ˷ԺʱһӰɫ֮¡
¹УǰӰȻ˳У˿ӸһĿ֮У˫ڿĵʱ򣬺һ㣬˹˷Ǳ˹ˡ
񣡡
˿˵֣֮УԹ
һ£ӣȷǰʶԼģԣʶģֻϧûκεӡˡ
ʣǣ
㾹Ȼǵˣ
´ŵĿŽģôõʱ䣬ٴʱŮ˾Ȼʶˡ
һӰ´ڽǰô
ң
´ίʹҲ˼
ſˮҪعͷˣȴ˯˹ȥ˯ģ
һؼʱ̾͵ӣָˣȷʵǵð
ǸʲôǰʱԴŵˣ¶ˣλ̨մ
㣬ôô˵ģ
´һˣ˹С
Ҿ˵ôôңԭΪˣ
´֪񲢲ԼֻΪʧȥ˼䣬۵׵ʧɢ
°˵Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬ҵ㣬ͻǸʲô
ɶܰŶҲˤ¶ô
ܸоõ´Ϊǿ󣬶ңҲ֪Ƭ䣬Щ¶
û뵽ˣ㻹ǵõ뿪ʱ˵һô
´˵ŵ뿪ºʱ˵Ǹ¡
һ׵Ĺ£ǷŮమ֪صİ£ǣ˺Ů˵תȴûһһֱ׷´ΪʲôôమŮûһ
Ҫ֪𰸵´ȴûеõҪĴ𰸣ȴǹҪ뿪Ϣڰһ뿪ǽ磬ҳŵȵٴλʱһ´Ĵ𰸡
ԣ´һֱȰȣһֱȰȣֱգڵȵ˹
ôһش֮ǰҪȻشһ⡣
ã˵
´ĿŽģȴŽĵ⡣
Ƭºʲôط
ҪĻ͸㡣
´ˬĽƬ͸˽ģ˿ûκûΪƬκεĳɡ
㲻ҪƬô
˵ûκôǶŮת֮Ϊûûһ𣡡
Ƭ´ںһܾԶĴ𰸡
ôΪǺǰ£ǶԵֵĻֻܽؼ

ǰ˵ڵڽڤ˴ڡ
Ҿˣ
´һվ֮еᶨޱȡ
ʲô
ҪȥڽţŲҪˣ
˵ţ´͵Լٶ뿪˴󴬣´뿪ʱ򣬻˯˹
ҸոôˣԴģ
ҲǣһӾ˯˹ȥ
ģõʲô
ĻҲĿ⡣
ⶫе죬ҪûĻӦýƬ
Ƭ
ҲЩãȻĿŵƬ֪ǻ˯Ĺз顣
Ҳ˵Ǹ´ȥڽڤ·ϣҪһ̽һ¶
ôŽͰ
Ƣһιι㰡

1817 С

1817 С
񣬵ڶöƬ֣ȴЩģ´ȥŵ鷳ӻ᲻ǽԼ
ģô¶һ
ǲ֪ǺεŮӣ
ſˮĿ˿Ƣܲô
ô˵ڶöƬҲˣѰһöƬ
ʯâָĸ˼űнʱ֮У˺Ѷȫ֪öƬʲôطֻزķ
ףһöҶͷϣȵĸоƺҪ˳׵׵һ
˹˵ĺˮѾһʱںȵĵʮˮˡ
ôȥܰԼ
Ҳûްȵаԡ
ָָΧɽĿĴ̣յ˵ӦʮˬĵطȴȵĺɳĮһ
ȴЩаԣȰ㻹ǱˮˣװԼ
Ѱָķ˹ȥдУľ񣬿ûɵɳĮһÿ졣
СһЩ
Ĳδܸ֪ʲôΣգҲûвκ󷨵ϢĪĻʵ˲òСĽǡ
ҹɫ֮䡣
ȵ±ϾȻѩ
жɣ
Уޱ˵ߵͲηϺ֮УǸܵΪԭʼΪ֮ʱָо
Ҳһ멣ڻǰĿ⻷ܡ
ﵽʲôط
ģ㿴
ָŽĽָɢĹâӦʯĹâˡ
ӽָóʯĽģҫ˸âʯɵüͷ
ѲɵƬɭ֮У
˵ĻʯҲ˾ҡ
޿ܣ磡
˸磬ͨ죬ͽҲûȥ
Ҫ
һȺˮһ֮žů˲٣˿еָԼʢһ롣
Ҳ²ûĻǽȻѾˡ
ȻħħѰǳ֮ΪԶŴħָΪеǳ֮ȻΪħĿꡣ
̸˵Щ飬ԶŴħӸǳֶ֮μ
˵ԯһ᲻ҲΪǳ֮𣿡
ҾûܣȻԯһ˾ӵͷڵľƣԯһһԱҲǽ֮á
˵һȻϲԯһˣǣԯһϿɵġ
ĺһħ˸ˣԯһҲϰλĽΡ
ڵǵ˾
ĲԯһΣ˾һˡ
Ϊ½һ˾һҲȻħ潻棬ң˾Ҳ֪飬ǵ˾Ϊ˾ռ鵼ܵ˺
İɣҵöƬ˾ӣûȥ·Ͼ˾һ֮ء
οŽģ˾ӵǲӲܵģÿһ˶Ρ
ա
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ϣɭֱ˼֮أǹϼ㱻Ӷ䣬ĺɽһ
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ڣڵڰ֮ĸ뿪ɭ֣ɭֱԵľͷһɽ
վɽµʱ򣬽ĽָʯɢĹâҫޱȡ
һɽϡ
Ҫɽȴһ
̺֮ŵħԴԴϵŷţȻһʱָоħĴڡ
ô¶
һˣ鶼ˢ˽ԭ֪֣Ĵһ㿴Ľϣֻһ˲䣬ɫħܲϵķӶ
ҲڴʱԭͻȻ両ֳһɫƣѹü˼
ںƽٵʱһҲ֮֡
ȫ°ں֮Уֻ©һ˫۾˫ڿĵʱɫ쳣ĸӣбŷź⡣
˵ײˣһǺ͹йϵ
һ磬˾ôŽģĽıëġ
ǸʲôţҲǹֻǹļ̳˶ѡ
ҪһЩΰɣҽıҪǰ֪Լʲôֻǹ̳ߡ
ңܾúܾǰЩȱµȫȫûκιϵҪԹĺתƵԼϣǲġ
ѹû⽪˵Ļֻеĺ⣬޲ô˽һ
ҪƬɽϱ
˵Ļ쳣һ仰󣬺Ӱ˲ɢ֮䣬ֻ㿴ҿ㣬˭ҲǰһĻôһ¶
һ׸˶ȱµ¶
עôʣҵһǹ񡣡
ҲһͷΪɶɵЩ¶Ҫƺ֪ô鷳Բ̳йԲᡣ
Ƭǰ˵ٶҲûá
ε̾һҲֻӲͷƤɽˡ
Ͷ˸ڽĵ˴ɽ¿ʼɽÿһ¶ǵȽš
ǰ̨˼ٽ̨׾Ѿ۵ˡ
ˣһһвϵ£Ҫ˶ļʱȻᱻС
õƬ֮ҪԴͣ
û⣬ʲô͵ʲô
ޡ
˽ĺһۣʲôʱˣֻųԡ
ۡ
ʱһӤص˶ߣתͷȥֻһСŮʯϿ޸ͣΪ׵ŵˣСϵľֱжôˡ
СѾͷôһ˰
ߵСŮߣ֣СŮϵۡ
СѾͷС£žϧ
໴޵СŮ˵æ˫ۣˮĴ۾ĵʱһС
Ҳˣ亦£
²£أ£
ıСŮӣĴСŮ޵ĺ󱳣
ôĪĳһСѾͷ᲻թ
˫ʱΣκεķģ˭֪ǰСŮǲǶޱġ
թƨǸħСѾͷѡ
СŮħˣϵĴħħѪͳҪ߹֣ǲ֪Ϊʲô
СѾͷʲôְôΣյĵط㸸ĸô
Ϊĵº̬СŮްҲֹס˿˫ֻεرŽġ
ҽж䣬ǳҵģǵûڡ

1818 УҴ

1818 УҴ
˵֣СҪڽļʱĶЦСѾͷűСٴδޡ
˺ˣˣиڡ
С䣬ѵóһĨ֮ɫСѾͷҲرŽĲ֡
ʲôѽ֪Ϊʲô俴졣
ģ
ģսôҲսҽн䡣
ָָԼ߽Ƕս
СѾͷأԼһܳô
ΪҲˣԣԡ
֣ҪæóСŶЦСѾͷ
ǷҪ⺢һô
ܱ׵罻һôԶ·Ҫߣһǲǲ̫㡣
бķô
֮⣬бĿеķôǲܰһΣɣ˵Ҳֻܴˡ
תۼ䣬ɢҹɫ١
һƽ̹ĵ򣬼ΧԱߣĵĽиڶǰСԵҲǽһˡ
óô
óԣȵĿóԡ
СѾͷԵͻǿɰģЦˡ
Ҳ֪ʱܵɽ֪˻ὫƬصδ
̧ۿһһ޼ʵɽۣƬɽУǸ˵ϣǿǺӵļƣƺ׽Ƭ
Ƭô
ڳԿСһ˫۾գգ͵ĿŽĵˣӲóһöһɫϰһ״ʯͷʯͷǱҪѰҵƬ

Ƭʱ򣬽ЩˣĿƬСǻš
ôƬ
ҵ͸ҵѽϲô㣡
СѾͷ˵ӲժƬ˽Уּ
С䣬֪ⶫҪô
ȻԼͦȱ£ҴʱûƷǾԲһСӣҪƬҪ˵һ¡
֪ѽ˵˵ƬǾſƬһ
Сŵ˵Ļһ˽ĵǲ֪һЩϢ
ͺñֻȺ̵ܴһҪŮԣ̾ͺһʯͷûκ
С䣬ȷƬô
ȷѽ˶䣬Ƕľˡ
˵ţСִӻóһöָָʲô֪
Ҳ㣬ҵǮƣˡ
ͲҪ˰ɣ
εЦţָС䣬ȴСһС
ģҵǮģںǮ
һ鿾⣬СڳԱˣͻСֲ˲ϵ·ʱһħΧڶߣһ룬СŮȻǰʧ
ô¶
ҵڽңȻȥˡ
СٺٵЦţٻȥ
ټ
£Сʧǰֻ½㿴ҿ㣬ĿƬͽָ֮ϡ
ǲǾе̫ͻȻˣ
ǣоһжһʵ
Ҳã
ͬ⣡
ƬƬҲӽָиоǮϢ
ȻƬˣҲˡ
ˣ
һԾɽ֮ʱķѵľţ֮Ѿȫȫɢĸ뿪ɽۡ
ʱɽ۴еȴ˵ĺȴüͷ
ʲôʱ̶ֳȣδִɽۡ
šħʴˣǸǸСˡ
˲֪ô˵ħʴ˵ܲˡ
ʱССɽ۴УλϻɢűϢħʽһԼұŮ֣æժ˺ɴ©ǸӢݣ֮⡣
С䣬ȥˣʱ㲻ڴкǵġ
ħʴˡǸ
ûںŮ˵ôķݶ
˸һڣͱ˻ȥ
˿ɢ޳谮ŮħʴˣĬĬ˵һߣε̾һ
˲ǳħʴ뿪ħ磬ħʴ˳ΪŮū
ղɽˣ˽Ľ㣬Ǹ˺óԿء
С佫һֲĸ߽Ǳһǧ㸴ӡ
ԣΪ˱ľ֮ͰƬ͵Ľָȫ˽㡣
䰡
ڵѪֲԹŮ
ô˵
ƬûжνǽָǮүеĻ
ļƻúĥĸһǸŮǲǹ񣬻ǹת߼̳ߣҪŮ˸ۣҹ
еļƻ˲˵еĲƲûˡ
һԵ˿ԼӺԼС㣬һε̾һԺҪʡԼˡ
һߣٶ뿪Ǽһû׷ĸǷ
ƬѾˣҲңƬɺʯǺϣȻˣҲڶ׼˾ӣڻ˾֮ǰҪȥһ˾ռҡ
Ǯ
ϣЦ˫֣ҿǲ
һԺóԵȥɡ
ͬ⼸ʱǲˣһᵽ˳򣬶ȻҪúõĳһ١
Ǯ
ĹⲻԼƶļЦš
ɶǮСΪ͸ҵģǹвƲ
Ļסָ˽вƲ
ôǾһˡ
ʼնЦ˫ۣóôẓ̇ŮҲ֮ص˶ߡ
άѣҽҩѣʳѣճĿЩĿѾԶԶ޶
󽫼Ƶ˽ǰʵʵݸ߽ģ˾ӱȻǮģҲ൱ķѽǮ
ũ³ߣһֻƿϹҷӡèΪ˾ʮ
ũ³ţ³̺˾жԴ򶷣СΧ·˰ˣ⸶ҽҩѣѣѵȵȹʮ
ũ³ʮҲ³˾·˵ĵڶ죬³ƣ˷ִԷų˳ն⳥ʮ
ũʮ
硭Ҵˣ
ۿŶһֱ߶ûûˣʵʵĸԸĽָϽ
֪ˣǼԺ󻹸˽Ǯô
ˣǴУţͶء
Ҳ֪׹Ҳֶܹôţ˾ȻӯҪǽȥҪϸ㷽ɣο˾ӵһǮִţҪûǲϷصİѿţ˾Ͻˡ
Уһᵽ˳֮ܳһٺõô
Ŀı鿴Ŷˡ
׼ˡ
ӻóһԪȻǽһԪֵǮڷ򵽺ܶóԵģ

1819 ôô

1819 ôô
һԪȻһӵɽ亣ζǶڽļ˵ܳһȺķ˾Ѿˡ
·ϣưô꣬µĻϿ֮
֮£˱ڳнޣⶼʲôϾ޵鶼ϰˣ˵ˣϢʱй
ǣüεǣָд洢ľѾûˣڽһʱ䣬ĸ˳ԵĶʳԲŻǰһĻ
ջУģͶĸ˽һӴֲ赭Եǽһɾ
ӦǾ仰߳īߺڣܹõĽԭţ˾ôˣҲһȺԻͬˡ
ջϰ忴˵ĳ࣬񼸰ûԷؤһĸϴŵ·ֲؤҲǺģ˸˼Ӳˡ
лϰ壬кñ
ĸ㣬ҪǹͷܳԵĻ˾԰ѹͷȥ
վһԵĿջϰЦţʾ⼸ԡ
˵ôǽһܹһǧӵľ޶
ļٵģ
һ˵ٻôһǧӰ˵̫ӵʱ򶼻һʢ䡣
ôţɾʳһ·̫ڻʹô˵ˣ̫ʲôݣǸС򡣡
Ȼǲ˵ĻȻǸĳ򣬵ҲǷĳѣÿ궼ٰ죬ܱߵһЩμӣȺˣǸμġ
˿еԪÿ궼еľ޴ʢһΪףԪĳҲΪط˳˵ʢͬ
ÿ굽ӣԪİǶᴩɫ޵·һٰ¡صʽ
˭ҿϵľˣ˵ˣҼݾڻʹϢмٵô
ˣȷʵǸˣ˵¶ˣʾ˴ˣʱܿȡ
˹ЦмִȤЦ⣬Ϊ˵ȴûаֱζ֮ߵҡҡͷ
һ˲ţȻҪȵʱʱ볯Ϊ٣֪ʲô
ɳɳɣ˴ˣʱٷˣǧֵǡ
ǻǽ̸ţߴȤţǵںʲô̫Ӳ̫ӵģںһǧĻƽ
еĽƱÿһǼֵǵı˵ģҲܻļǮ
ɼеǮ컨ˣƱͨĻҡ
ɲɣ
һǧƽ˵ɻǲɣ
¶ޣҪ⡣
󻺻еĿӣĿ⵭ɨŽģˡ
˵Ļش𣬶ʲô
һǧƽ㹻ڷԺúȺãֱ˾ӡ
˵ɾ͸ɣռ鱨ĸڿջס
Ѿˡ
Ų豭ǳһڲˮ˵̽鱨
ԪĴӣһΪףԪڶҲ˳ӡ
Ƕ֪˵ص㣡
ĴߴϽص˵ûõԶ˹
ϣٰʢĻõһ˽õһǧƽ𣬺ͽʥϵĻᡣ
˵һٰΪףԪƽĽա
ϣٰ¡ص£Ϊ䣬ϾõһˣǵһŶӽһǧƽĽԼʥĻᡣ
Ҫ֪һʥϣ͵ͬһֻ̤˳͢ǱֺõĻٵǶС¶
˵Ҫʢϻõһ
һʣ
ԼһʣʢĻÿ궼ٰ죬ÿһжٰ죬ǵһʥһ١
ںЩɶǵĿľΪһǧƽ𰡣
Ҳǣ
ĸ˵ĿĲǽʥҲǵ٣ΪһǧƽĽ
ʢĵһ죬Ҳǵһ
ȣĸҪ
ȥˣһʱѾˡ
ӻаһֽţֽǲμʢıҪ֮ǿֽдһ֣ĺͶ˷׷üͷ
˵ʵǲû飬ûܹĽ̵
ɶо
׶仰ʲô˼׶ڳЦԼûĻ
ЦСͿʼ˽Ӻô
ôЦӣ
Լʲô
ָֽϵһ֡
ʲôʲôҸŶȡְ
۰ķضһĴա
ظԼȡ֣۰ķضһ޶Ĵա
ԿǣĴգ
ǽգ
ҸôһٰǸҲҰôһ˵ҵЩʡ
ҡҡͷ˿ģֿ˿ֽϵĴĸ֣˵ǽյĻԭľǳĴ֮ľǿڡ
ɶ񣿡
ûаҾǾ䲻

ѾңŶֶҪ޸ҲĲˣĸֻ
գʢϡ
ɽ˺ûҲаǧ
ҪӰǧӱƾĸ˵ʵɣȻ˲ףûܵв²ᱩ¶Լݣǳʲô鷳˭Ҳ֪
λӭμӽʢᣬǵһı䶷ܼ򵥡
ʢΪүӣܸоõүɢϢҲǰߡ
үָԶɽ壬˵䶷Ĺ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪɽɽۣǵľӾǽߣȻľֻһö·Ϸʲô鶼ڱ֮У˵ֶζϣֻҪɽõľӾͿˡ
˫תͷԶɽ塣
ΪɽշеĻԺܿĴﵽɽ壬ôȻԷ֮ǻýɱ
һͭ£һѷĳɽڵķȥǧֺĲߣƵ档
ĸǲǷˣǲʹ˷ˣ
˭֪ż˰ģõһûܵˣؼҳԷ
Χ۵ȺǺĿŽˣ㽫Ŀתһߡ
ɢ飬ǵνǼҰ
뵽ֶζкˣʲô¶ʹӶСˡ
һʱʱ䣬һغ˵ġʬ塯·ߣģһҡ
ңҷ
Ҳ
ٲ߶ѡ˷ڷĵһʱ䣬ҽʦ־֮ˡ
òң
û뵽Ϊ˵һô

1820 ˵

1820  ˵
Ǽʶˣʲôǧٹ֡
ֻ󲻵ķӣû㿴İ취ǵֶһզ࣬Ⱥ˲ߣȻ밡
ֹȥһʱʱ䣬ŵ·߲в˳ʱɽµĲѾӼǧ½˰˰ˡ
ɽϵľֻһٸҲ˵Ҫ˰ٸ̭֮߰˷ɡ
ģ㻹ǵڵʱôΪѰұҲɽŷʵǱɽ룬ȫԲɽ
ôǵãһΣȴ·
˵κȴ·Ǽ飬˵ıЦ
κǸ·գ˭Ҳ֪ȵ죬㽫ͼȡ
˯뵽һȺȫȴƫˣԭ·ߴྶͥ˵Σգ֮󣬵в·£ֻҪѡһ·ѡһ׼û
Ϊʲôʹõ
ǲĿŽĵˣȻ·ôߣΪʲôõء
УڣǽҲûǣôʹõ
ĲòѶһʵ⣬Ǽ鷢ڣʱ˿̵ǽ磬ûпƼչģУҲûжʮһķ
ʲôǵ
ȥʮһ֪ͣһЩڿƼչǴı֪Ŷ
˽ΪĵǵȵȵһЩרҵʣöǽһ̾
ļٵģɻǲǺ;һ
绰ܾԶܿ˴ˣ
ͬ汦һϵе⣬ĵһһش
ڴʱһʯ콵ǶŽ㼰ʱǼµľʯҪĸ˵ϡ
̧ͷһʧӰ۵һĨ⡣
ǲȥЩ˵鷳˲
ǡ
ڶŹؽڷѾʧеӰһĨЦ
һʱʱɢѾ½½ĵɽۣõľƣõڶʸ
յǣȵɽ۵ĲǾȻʯͷͨɽ۵ĵ·ˣʣµĲ߸޷ͨҲ⡣
Ǻˣ
˫ƶʯͷϣŷһʯͷ𿪡
ɽʯͷ׷Ĵǰ·ɾõԼӻ˵ڶʸ
Сӡ
֪ʱһŰɫߣǵЦ
ʲô¶
һ
һص֮䣬˵ֱ˰ӵ˫֡
ʯͷǣһ鷲ֻССĳͷʲô⣬һó
ЦţЦɭֻ۶˵˫֣ѾǿˣκΪһ˿˿ΪԻšԴ
ֹ찡
İʯԱߣЦֵĻԻðڡ
˺ˣȥԷɣ
һ۰ӣĮĻعͷѾ˽ʸҲûбҪ˷ʱˡ
˴ɽ뿪صջʱ򣬼үѾڿջȺʱ
үӿ˿ĸˣǰ˴
һ꼶ٵ˾Ȼ԰˵棬ĸʮ¹򣬲¡صĿͷ⻭桭֡
˼ңʲôûûڵģ˵Ҳûк㰡
λ񡣡
Ĳ£үӻվкƶĽŽĵΪλ
İ˫񼸷ֽ֮⡣
үӣЩ˵
ڸ֪үӣ֮ͥЩ˵á
ү棬ÿջϰŪһӺþƺòˣջķò͡
һϰڷɽ亣ζϷɵĻǵܵģеľǽĵ˶ûм
ܳô
֪ҪһԿ
ſˮһֻʲôǵʳУĳʲô¶Ҳء
λɷʳãЩеĺƷ
ү֮еĳѾ޷ݣ޲ٸĸ˹£Һݺݵؿļͷ
үΪȷΪ񣿡
ΪĸصĺħҲʲôΪȴССʶݡ
ҲӦÿóϣҲǰߣκûʣֻе˰;
үЩһڲ͸֮£κޣ޷͸ĵϲ²¡
ʦһεǿߣ뿪ʱռһԣʾڰ֮ʱĸǿ򡣡
үӽʦռ˵ص˵ʦ
ʦǷǧԡ
үӴ˻棿
ĵɴ۾үӣĺү˵һĻС˾ǽ硣
ǧȷ಻ƭʦ֮ʱġ
үóһö壬ûʲôֵһرĶѪʯ
Ѫʯ˵ҲֻС˾֪ôѪʯĹЧ
С˾ˣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĽѪʯ˽ָУǰߣӽָóöҩүӡ
ȻС˾˵ĵӣöҩ㵱񡣡
öҩһöҩ԰Ҳȹʵǽٽ٣ܷ̤ߵżͿүûⷽ컯ˡ
ү̸һҪʷǧԵȥүֻҡҡͷʾҲ֪ʦȥʲôطʦߵʱ˵һ仰ҪȥһȺˡ
һȺˣ᲻ǣ
ĺڴС˾ˣ׼С˾ˣ׺С˾˷ֱ̫õʱˡ
үӵİ£Ҳòμʲôˡ
үӺǿ˼ƽ̲ȻЩǮ˶Ŀڴ棬ֹĺ˻ӻȡ
öƲ˷ѣ뿪֮ǰĺ͵͵ĽöľƵһС׬һʣҶ˷ĶؿƿԲö֪
ʵϣĺڹ뿪ջľƵʱͶѾڶĿõ̡
ɫ£һϮɫһװͦĶεĿ˱˴һۡ
ˣȥɡ
ЦţżһͽĵСıҲǲġ
֣Ǻġ
ҹһһ̸߳ΣһʱҲ
ͶڿջԺ֧һӣһߺһ˵Źڽĵ飬ţ˹ڶʮһͿƼչıԼƼ˴ס
ǸȤЩδӴأŶеĿɲ˼硣
һߣͽĶװһĳ׼СӮǮơ

1821 ̰ǮҪ

1821 ̰ǮҪ
׻˵úã̰ǮҪ
һʱʱ䣬ͽĶ˱㽫ľƵǮ˸⡣
˴ͷɥĻص˿ջ޾ɵߣ̾һ
ôˣ
ûʲô
ҡҡͷ˪һǱҪôʧжôʧ䡣
ҲûȥһƱײѵܵĺſƣһκڶķһѲðеǮȥ

գ뿪׼˳·ȥ˾ռңȻص˾ӡ
ϣĺΪ϶ķеģıˮĸоڿڳ֮Уɨȥ˶˵ǳ
˵ȥ˾ռҵĻǲǻҪׯһ
ֵ˾ӣԷٰˣȥ˾ռһҪׯġ
Ҳ֪˾ҵƬûС
ĲƬǲûҵĵ˵İȫ
һǰеĹƺѹʲôϳûпеĽĺĿһۣɫһ
ˣ군ˣײˣ
ô
³ͷһ·м伸ǵǸˣղҲѹ˴˵ϡ
ĸΧߣǸˣѹĺۼдССĵˣ˿Ѿ׻
ҪǷǸ磬ո˵Ҫ˵Ҫ
Ҳǹģû
ʾԼԩúܣŶķ¶ŲýеǮȥǧĸӮˣ˾Ҳû֤ݡ
û
û͸
Ҫ˰ɣ
Ļ⵽һٱӡ
˻ţ˱컯
ǣ˼˼ߣͰϳ
ֱ˵˳ǿ˵ڵһҪǻ΢΢Ϻһʬû
ģȥǰҪΪ˿ڡ
ϡ
Ŀһˣ˿ڿɹһˡ
ǰĺʱʱĻعͷһۡ
ô
㰲ļݳǡ
һ仰ؾŶһ
ˣײˡ
ֲǹģΪġལҵСݡ
Щ˵©죬ƾԼĻӲİһ֣ûб֡
ʵϣͽȥķ¶֪ˣֻȥ˵Ҷһֲʣ鼴ҴҲó
ȿȡ
ڴʱ˹ɿš
Ļͱ𶯡
ϵ˿ڣ˿ϵĸ⽫ҩ۾ȵ˿Χ
ңô
ǣѰȥҲзӽ
˹תͷš
ײ㣬ûϵҪʲôͷȷյë
ιģһǲ磬ĺô
εĿ˽һۣѾͷۡ
˵߻ЩģΧˣֻԼԼԼƽˣƬʱ䣬ֻ˹ȥ
ˣعⷵգ
ԶѣסҩݵǮ㹤۳
Ļһɫࡣ
Ⱥ̫ʵ˰ɣⶼҪҹǮƽ
Ųƽ˵ˣĸˣѹˣĸ˶зݶΪɶһˡ
ҹɫ֮䡣
ããԭ֮УڲԭϣȼշžصҹɫС
ĸһߺһ߳ſ⣬˵Ż˾֮ӦԼƻ
ԶŴħһ˾ӣ˾дǳ֮ʱⲻһս
ԣħ˶˾֮ǰһҪȫ֮ӦԣԲԴС
ȿȡˮˮ
ɡ
Ķһˮ˽ڲϵ˫ۣ㱼䣬ǹ֮··𿴵Ůһ㡣
ʲôҪˮô
ǰذڶš
˼˻صʵŷԼİĻС

֪ԪĲԭյĹ⾰
Ҳ֪ĵʲô֣ҹɫ̫ټƬԭԸõǿգǺͣһϡ
ģĿˣ
¿⣡
һԼʳķˮ˳ȥסĲһֱŷ֡
ʱбĺľһһ˳ҡҡλεĳǰŹεĸ˲ɵüͷ
лλ֮
˺ԼĴǰ˾ԼģģӡУǵӸԼҽεĻ档
ǻ壿
ǿ֮£ĸоΧŵľֻл壬лʵŻо塣
֪
˵ǻʱеɫԽ䱸˼֡
ģɱĻֺοľ㡣
Цţʾʢһǰ
ĸ·˵أڴ·ϣȻ뿪ݳѹ˹ȥ
˴עҲǹģû
ΪԼıף治ģҪǵʱɫһʵԷ
ԪԪ̫ӣлλ֮
Ԫ̫ӣ
⼸֣ļ˶Щӡ
ʢԪ̫ӵ²μӣԪôȫ¶ˣ
㲻Ӧȥμô
Ž˵仰ʱԪЦţЦмΣǸǳ޵Ĺâ
˵ĸҲõԪеĺ⣬ǹйѪϷ롣
ȻԪ˵ľͺһ
ԪΪԪ̫ӣ뿪ʹҪμ䣬үԪĶʦʦԪҪԭ֮һ
⣬Ҳ̽һϸ
˭Ҳ뵽£еĶУӺӵУ·Ϸ˱ʣʣµΪ˱Ԫİȫ׷
ɽˮ֮£Ԫ£Ҳ˽ĵԪ֮ʱĻ档
Ŷԭˣ׵İɣ¶ûϵ
̯ʾû˿ĹϵȫԪԼɽ;ѣɵѹס
˼ǣүģ
ţʦдҪǰ򣬲һĸˣɴҵ
Ǿãĸ˱үӸˡ
Ǿ˵ôүҲһԣˣôͻóĻƽ𣬸ǡ
ۡ
Ƚ˵껰ԪһѪӿɲɵ絽˽ĵϡ
ϲɫ˶
ûзûϴҺѪǺϴȥġ
صУĸϽɫ˶ɫ˶ǧҪϴɾ

1822 Ѱ˶

1822 Ѱ˶
һѪԪֻȥŻԲѵԪ˿˴ˡ
ô죿
ô죬ҪôˣҪô˳·ͻԪ
·Ҳ˳·Ԫѡ
ģôѡ񣿡
˵ģҲ컯ͻȥɡ
Ҳ˳ֵ飬ͽԪͻԪˡ
ʱԪĸ˽ķԪĮĺܣʵϺơɧͶһ͵ˣҪǸڣڵ
ǵԪʱجĴԪʵԪǰݱ̫ӵ²ӰһɶԪʹ͡
һԪֱʹɸսʶã㱻סϽ΢΢üͷջǾȥһ
Ƕ˲δԪκв
Ԫϳһֱڳǰ̫ӵ¸һͱӴס
̫ӵ£ڲܽʹ涼ǶӵˣǶ֡
ôģ
Ԫ˫ȭк޷Ƶıŷš
ϳ̾һϻʵǰдµһŽԪ
Ȼ֪Լʱ޶ֱ֮࣬ǰ̫ӵگɡ
˵ʱϳص̾һҲگд󲻾ãӱƹһ߸Ԫ
ԪѾǶӵ֮̫ӳǰȻΪɱ
ͷһ˵ˣһ˵ʲô˼
Щ̫߻еݴʣʲô˼ɵ
һͻȻͳˣƻ˰ǵģҲöӵõȨ
ߣ
߲ǲ֪ϷɣͻȻֻ֣մˡ
ߵħĻǱߣѾ񾳵߷շС
ô¶
ĪʲôǸҪõģ
ճ˵ߺͷ֮Ĺ涨߲ԶԷ˶䣬Υܵߵ׷ɱ˺ˣͷ
Ȼǽ磬ǽҲǽư
Ĳ⣬ʱϳһ仰˲⿪˼˵ɻ
᲻ʲôȻ˵˵ԪһöΪֻԪѪܿӡ֮صԿס
˵ȥ
ʾ˵ꡣ
Ԫǰһţ˵ںܾúܾǰѾʱĴڣʱԪոճһ죬һֻ֣һöԪĿʵۡ
ǧʱ棬вٵ˶Ԫȴػǿһһˣûʱ֮У飬ػҲʧ
ô⵹˼ջ񡣡
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĿ˿Ԫ
ֻҪĽɣʣµ齻ǡ
ܽڹ涼Ƕӵˣ̫ӵ½Ѱ
λϳֹԪԪѾҪΪʸ
̫ӵ¡

Ž̾λϳҲԪ˹
ϣϴүô
ֺηϷĿ̫ӵһ˸
ϳԪϽһΪҲ˲ʲôˣһϹͷƴˣ
ʱʹУϵĶԪһۣŴϹһصڳǡ
ӣ̫ӵ»ˣ
̫һ˵̫ӵĸֵʱٹˢһ漴ȥ
̫ӵ»ҲģϾ
ֻҪ̫ӵͷӡ֮أԵõ
ԪеЦΪӡۣ˵ɨһԪͣһԾ˴֮⡣
ɷһŴ˸ϣ˵һֻһص˶ߣ̳ɢ֮ʣ˼һߵǶϡ
һΪʲôԭǸ쾳Ž׵ߡ
ģͶճٹǰڴУϱŷĸԸĳҲ񾪿ֲѡ
ڽڽĹ涨ڽڽĹóóȻƻƽ⣬ĺô
˫ֶż򣬿쾳Ž׵ߡ
ŻʮһͨһڵϣͷҲ̧
λǰֻһʱϣҪõԪѣû˺˵
̬λ΢ǰ˿ĸ߸ϵģγĶԱȣһĻ˲ĽĿڽļϡ
ԪҲĿŽģ⼸˵Ǻηʥ˵Ĺݡ
˽˽ĹأڽڽĹأ˵ǽٽңҲ⵵¶˲Ὣ
Ļ뿴ʲôڽ緲飬һҲǸŽ쾳Ϊ¶ѣ˷Ѹ顣
лǰɱ֮ġ
˿ͷԼٶʧǰδֹһ
Ϊʲôɫأȥǲ
õġ
ָйâһһɫӰԼٶʧڹУһλʱѾ任Σлһöɢźɫâľ޵
ף
ɢźе˷֮Ƽ˱һ
ȻѾõĻһ
ֺ֣ܶƽ˪ڤΪǿ˲֪Ϊһʵǻһ塣
һȣԶʱǿߣŸսұټϻһرʧУ
û뵽Ȼһ
࣬һ
ĵһοɫȻԼҴϲ׵ҲñʾʾС
ԪĻϣһˮְٶ롣
£ĴӽָóһöӣӿԱƽֹа塣
ȻֻԷЧ˵ëûá
ڴʱǵ𣬰죬һƴʵʼѿһ϶ɫСԴǰ
̻ɫͫ׵ʱ򣬵һۿ졣

񵱳һۿĽһڵһۿʱҲŵ
ССУͷϵĽǽһһģģɰըĶˡ
ԪھҪûˣСһ°ɣ͵ﰲο
Ҳ֪ôصҲûзӣСһһۿ죬Ȼ䵱ԼĵǴɽҲֹˡ
ǣǺηʥ
ѰѰ߶ѣ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĽӷԪС

1823 Զ

1823 Զ
ọ̃˴δ顣
Ȼһг˺й֮⣬˶ûκιϵ
˫۵ʱһۿľ죬Ȼ˵
ȡʲô֣ΨʺСһˡ
Ǽȡ֡ð
Ĵָ̾Žȡֵı¶һһ졣
ȣҲ˭Ķӡ
СжôĽˣһ仰ȴǺݺݵ˽ĵࡣ
˵㻹ûɻ飬˶ӣٰ̣
㲻˵ǲǣǲǶʼң
һۣתͷ˿нԶԪ
˵ǵϢ᲻ᱩ¶ˣ
ӦòɣǻǸɶôϢˣħ˲ô
˽ĵ뷨˵ˣħķʲôҲ̳ڼǰʹƬʧӰˡ
ƬҵˣҲõ˻̣һڻص˾ӵʱ·˾ռ忴һۡ
ڵ֮󣬼ڳ˾
ƽƯƲ֮еĸоþòɢʡ
ȻһǸϲ
Ʋ֮а裬ſڴ߿ŲϺ˵Ʋ㣬Ʋ֮зž顣
㿴ʲôƷֵС飿
ָƲϴĲɫ飬׽һֻҲһ֣ջǷ뷨
ǽľֶҲ̫
ܶѾ˹ǽ֪ʶ鼮δ֪ʱ򣬻һãȻЩûжԾκв
ڿƽóУ֮һƽǡ
ֱӵ˾ռң˹ҪάޣҲʱͣƽ١
λϵˣҲƽǵ䣬λãϷ޺ô֮λϴҲ١
ƽǵϲ죬ֵǰȫˣŸָĹߣҲ洦ɼһһ׵ˮһһĲɫϡ
Ҫɶ
һ֪δһˮϵ½˸͸ͽ˹ЦţûЦãˮ׷׵˹˲ٲɫϣһ˲䣬ĸ˾Ĳʺһǽһɫ
һһˮԴԴϵ˹ĸ˴ﵽʪġ
İ˫ŵסǰ·ƽǰգߣӴӵϼˮ衣
ֵǣȺ˼ʶʶ˾ӵ
ˮĽֱɱȺ֮УҰһ˦ˮһϣϵ൱Ĭ
ͶһЦڿ˵ʱ򣬾쳣ɣǶǳˣ˲ŲĵϷ
һ֪δƮˮ裬һˮֱ˶ͷϣһҲһ
֡
֡
һǺڻ֮֡
Ǻ˾ӵĸҲս֣ǽһҡ
һش
߷ˣоϮ
ұߣұߣҩǳΧȦ
尡
ԽΪףһĸһγȺ֮С
һս֮ĸ˴ͷѾ˭ϸմȾ˸ָɫͷҲ߲ʰ쵡
һֱ浽ϣһЩӣĸֱںӰ߳Źӿźӵơ
þûôΪһˡ
ŹҧһڣĹ֭ڿڳ֮䣬ָо޷ݡ
ǰþûʹʹһˣ
Ҳڿˣŵ˹ϢҲų
ͶҲŹӳţĸԽԽúӿɿޱȣóԵǰ˻þһ㡣
⼸զˣôЦôɭ
·ǺǺĿŽˣĸ˵ģֻԼԼĿĸһŮ
ǲǳˣҿϵĹûжʮҲʮˡ
Ǿ군ˣûиҹǸѲģΪԽԽС
ӣ㿴ĸˣǲе죿
ʱӰϣ˾ջĿѰָķȥںӰŵĸ˲˾ӵ˻˭Ϊ׵ĽĸһЦеı鿴Զ
ģô
˾ջǰŽĵ֣ǰĸȫǿ
ӡĪΪԶɡ
ƽеĹӣ˾峤һҲֻҳѣǰĸ˵״̬ڿŵɢһصĹˣΪԶ˵Ĺϵ
ģ
ڻþеĽѹû˾ջվߣʱ˿̵ĽֻصˮСԺ׵ʹδһۿȥ֪ԼõĽСԼڤҹҲԼԵķˡ
ףСڤҹٺ٣
ӣô죿
˾ոɡ
ǣӣ
˸ˣͶĸ˾Уƽ˻˾ո
˾ջƽǵĿҲȥ˾Ѱҽһˣû뵽ȴĸˡ
ºˣҲʡˡ
ûҹѲοǳ
ߣ˶ڱĩĵӣĩ˺ʲôУ롣
˾һ帮ۡ
˾޵üͷĸˣֱǴ״̬
ǳ˶٣
֪ûٳԣѾ˻״̬
򵥵ʳסжźģȻħȺˣ֪ôġ
ѽⲻ˾޵ô
Ȼ䣬ıĵ˾޵ǰ־˾޵еĺӡ
˾ͷ˵һܰŸô
ſҸס
˾ջǰֹȴһˤݺݵˤ˵ϣֹǱһ١
Ƕ°ɡ
˾޵кͷۣԼȥ˾ȱҲû뵽Ȼĸڡ
ļʱ䣬˾ռʷв
ǵ˻˵ƴһ٣ǰɣڽˣ˾ռֲܳأĸ˾һ˵⼸νǶ갡
ڣʧЧʱͶѹαͽġ
ңôˣʲôط
İĻĵļ仹ͣƽǺӱߣǺڳԹӣ֮أʲô飿
۲ı飬ҿڿ˳֮һϤס
˾ջô˾ջɶطô
ŽͻȻǰ˾ջȥһ󲽣Աⱻˤ
˾ջ˾һڶ̶̵ļ֮ڶĸˡ
˾ոѾָˡ
˾ջЦţǵһĨЦý˷׷װ˫

1824 թ

1824 թ
˾ջ⶿թĸԼͷè塣
ӣôЦɶú˵
ĺƵЦţ֪ΪΣĪķ飬ܾ⼸ʲô¶Ǿʲôˡ
ôлú˵ǺãҾͰλһЩ˾ռ巢ס
һ仰˵úãƲ£µ˰䣬˻˾ջ
˾ջ־еĿߣĸĻų֮顣
ν˾ոŪļȮν˾ռһ飬ξ˾޵еĺӡ
ɶ
ſˮĲŵ⼸ĸ顣
Ҳ׷ҡͷʾⲻ飬ʵˣĻˣԲǾƺʧµˡ
λΪǱƭǵô
˾ջ֪ռ˼ԸԼƤĳ̶ȣԲ˵һ֪ԼģҲϣԣ֤
Ժ½½ʮˣϴСС˺۱鲼˶ֱۡ
ģӦú˽⣡
˾ջǵЦŨңʾǰ½ٸһˤʱ˵ֱˣƾԴˤˡ
Ĵһ֪˳ΪΣѲĺ˾ջ˵һڳʱ˾һĹǺô
˾ոвҲ⵽˶֣ҽҩôȻǳе
ӦõģȻĺ飬˾Ȼеλҽҩѡ
һ˾ջˬĳеҽƷѰѵ⣬⵹˾ջЩ⣬Ŀڶϣ˵ͷЩ͡
ĸΪһ
лӿ佱λɵ˺˾ӱȻḺ𵽵ףӿһ룬ȻὫ˫ַϡ
ˣ˾ջ˵Щ̵棬Ҫ˵ĻǻδҲ൱̵
˾ջûп֮ǰе鶼ö˾ջҪ˵Ļ
׻˵úãǮⶼ⣬ؼǲǮ⣬ǲ⣬˾ջδ˵ڵǺߡ
ģҲ˾ջҪ˵ģȴ˺
һĨЦŨ˴ǣ˾ջվ
˵ıѾ˵ˣ飬峤Ժ˵ɣȥʣµ顣
Žʧе˾ջܾñëġ
ôо⣬ʲôˮأ
֪Բʲô¶
ҡҡͷҲ֪˾ջδ˵ڵĻʲôȷʲô׾پܰ׵顣
˾峤ʱһҪֽñ𿪿˵
ãһж㡣
ʱ򣬶󣬽ģ˾լ鷿˾޵͵Ⱥ鷿Уĸдë֡
Žż⿴һֽۣдźޱȵĸ֣ȥģ
ɣϲ衣
˶˲ˮĸȴ˾޵зѡ
˾޵תʱ򣬹ͺͺ°ѳڽǰںȲĽһ
ǸˮЩ̣
˾޵еȻĿ˽һۣеëֽϣī˲Ⱦ
Цⶼǰͣ㾾ϷĺӣϷҲΪģ
ǸǸʱΪԭϡͿľͰ峤ĺӸǹˣ˵û֮˧˲ء
ǵǸǿޣ˾޵еɫû˿ĺת
Ϊˣ
˾޵ţͺ˾ջһһ֪ıʲô
峤л˵ǮǮҿδˣ
㿴ϱ峤峤ҲƲ㡣
˾޵ٴΰһ۽ģС˶Ļ࣬㽪ĿҲѾͷ⣬ޣ
˾һһµʱ䣬峤ʱҪչأһµʱڣǴӦ峤Ҫػ˾һǡ

е㲻˾޵˵ЩֻҪ˾һһµʱ䣬һжĨˣ
ֻҪ˾һһµʱ䣬⳥ǮҲûˣ
Ҫˣ峤гӶҸͽ𣬿ɽӡ
˾޵еĻýķѣһ¶ڵǣǰֻҪһµʱ䣬һ⳥ѾͿʣˡ
ǾΣ
թ
һ仰ҲǶҪ˵ģбȻթôը˭Ҳ˵
˼˰죬մӦ˾޵С
ãɽǻ˾ռҴһµʱ䣬˵ǲ⳥߶ķãΪ˲˾ġ
˻һ˾޵к͵ĵ˵ͷȻŽĲǮֻֿǮִŵˣǮ
Ž˵ĺ仰Ϊ˲СǺӵġ
˾峤ôͻȻҪչˣ
峤ѵҪǰչء
ǽһʮ꣬ϣʮͻԼȵʱǽеˡ
˾޵бչˣʧӰ٣ı㹵ͨһһ³Ժ⣬ʧˡ
һɽȴһĨЦ˾ջıܵһ
磬ɶ˵ɲôЦҺ¡
Ŷôû뵽ӿʵò־塣
ӣ˵㲻Ҫô
ԼԼʣҲһˡ
ģĸ˾ռס
˾ǲǻںԺ˴˾ӵ鱨Լǽ緢һЩ顣
д⵽ħĶ֣ˣǳ֮ˣʬҲħƳʬ
˾ջһǰֽдŹħϢ
ħ綼ܰȥϸţ
˾ջܳΪ½йϵĴӣȻԼı¡
ֽдϸҲͷŷ
ӾͲ˾ӵЩ𣿡
ֽջ٣һЦݵȴ˾ջ⡣
˾ջֻǵĿһ۽ģ˫ֽӡ˲˾ջ
ҷ˲½һǰʱյϢҵֵֺܳ漴ʧ˾ӵЩ˶ֵûɡ
һʼ˾ջδô࣬ƽǿ˵ʱҲеһЩؼ⡣
ͺñȣֵΪʲôҪݳɽĵ˵˾ӣĽǵȥʲôط
˾ջĿڽǻյóһۣΣǽĽۡ
ס˾ռҲȥᣬͻʹ˰ݣͨʯ顣
£˾ջת뿪
˾ջ˵һ˾ռҵĹ۵㣬Ҳ˵Ĺ۵㣬̵ǿͬʱҲ˶ʼɣ̰ͨʯõӡ

1825 ĵ˾ո

1825 ĵ˾ո
˾ջھ潪ģȥѰǼΣյ飬ҵ񣬶ҪĵĽڻУ򲻵ѵʱԲǰҪܵĺɹ
ҹɫ֮䡣
ԺУ˾ջʧеıӰһĨЦ⸡ڽĵĴǡ
˻ô
Σ˾ջʼ˾ջǲ½˾ռĴӣһһһεͻͨ
ýˮڲһʵ
˾ջ˱κ˶ҪҪ侲Ƕ˾ռҵΪȣǲѻǵˣܿ
ʱһһȥ˾ոʱ棬ĸ˺óԺúȣչ˵΢ýĵ˶˶ȼٵĴǵڰ췢һ飬˻׼Ķȼ١
ô¶첻ǻúõô
˫վһԵĽĿڴϻԲѵ˾ջΪһҹ֮ͱģ
˶
˾ջƽȿûκжףΪˣġ
ֶǽмص֮ҪⶾĻҲʮҽⶾ֮˾ջҲܵһĴˡ
ģ
ÿλã¸˾ջóĽһµġ
ôǼҴôˡ
ţڡ
ס˾ռ˵˾峤չأ˾ռҴжһ
˵һ쿴ȥúõģôһϵʱжˡ
˾ջΪҲһһĴڣΪλж˲⡣
ҪǸ˾ջⶾϣʱǧʲôˡ
˾ջеĶǽΪȨ鼮϶ûʮʮյĽҩĺֻ֪ԣһʱҲ޴֡
У
˽ҩϣȻܽⶾɽⶾ֮ĸȴ˾ջܲġ
Ҫһȫ֮ߣܽ⿪˾ջĶȻ
˾˽ĵ棬ǻߣʱ˾ոħȻ䷭ӿϣħ˳ǰ
ǣߣ
˾ռΪ½һ壬Ȼڶ࣬Ⱥף峤չأжɢɲֲ˾ոһڳҲǽͷö
˴˾ռҵħħ֮һǱˣ硣
翴ĵʱҲһ㶡
ôܣĶء
üͷ֪ĵһ̣һǴˡ
㣬ּˡ
ʱ򣬽һҺ粻ǱˣҪȻᷢʲô˭Ҳ֪
ȻħħҲƼīӣͽҲʶ˵ĳ¼棬ǲܴɳ滰Ҫ˵ġ
Ȼ˾ռңʮʱ䣬ʮ֮ǽǳ֮Ļ˾ռǲǾͱֱ̤ƽ˾һ塣
ƾҲ̤ƽ˾ռң
仰˾һ˵Ļ˲һһսµħҲʾ׼ǰ˾ռҵɱ
ס죡
죡
İһ˵˾ճϣҲһֵ¶¶ħ
㣬м仰֪ܲܽһ˵
ȻûӦ뽪ķ˰У˿ˣĴӻó˸־ƷҩݣԼıƷ
㣬ЩɶǺöʹƤء
ôģ
Ȼ֪ѾͷҪʲô绹˸־κ⡣
㣬͸©ϢԶŴħ׻ָʲô̶ȣʮ֮˭˾ռң
ôҲǲ˵
˸Ƿ߽ԶŴħʵѾָĲ㣬ֻĲ㣬Ҳܽǽ䷭츲سΪ˼һоͿԶŴħ߲ˡ
ʮ֮ôħͽ죬ʮ֮ȻԼսǾֻˡ
ˣٸ͸¶ϢԶŴħǰʱҲˣԲܿոЩϺ
ˣ˭ɵĺ¶
ܰԶŴħˣҩôǿΪ
˭¡
˽һۣһӾûɹʲô¶
ˣ˵ıѾ˵ˣʮԼע㣬Ҫǲ¶Ļʹ뿪˻ˮҪķҸΪ
л㣬ŸСһԡ
ӻóöǣ۷ص˵棬Ҳ뿪˾ռҡ
̸Σ
ôãʮ֮ҪôҪôԵħ
˵ʵĸԵĻħ̫թ˭Ҳ֪ʲôˮ
ǿʲô
Ļعʱ򣬷˾һ˶Լ
ôħ֮һʶ
ô԰Ĺķɰ
İһ˾һĳϣýͣؼ˾ջĶҲ֪˶١
صԺѾһ֮飬ҵһΪȫ׵ķӣǽһٶȺҪ˾ջϣڹ֮ваʧ
ôˣ
Ч
һɫĴʯԼԴԴϵĴ˾ջѪҺأȻ˾ջҪŷǳܳܵʹࡣ
˾ջѣ
Ҫ˾ջ˾ջ޶ԣõ
ҲҺ̸Ҫܾҵʹ֪ô̲ܳκβҪȻǾֱӰˣռ˾ռҵļҲ
˵仰ʱ˾ջָ˶ȻǶԽ˵ЩĻӦ
ʮʱ棬ͽĺ쵹˾ջŶڶز̫û쵽ҪȻǴɽ٣Ҳ޷ʮʱ潫˾ջڵĶɾ
Ҫٺأ
ι˾ջҩһιҩһŸҪʡ
𶼿ԣһ
˾ջɫĺܣҪѿ
ɶ
һҩٳһҩȥ

˾ջİһ˾ջ
ﻹԸźء
һҩҩζȻһˣȻǿɬɣ˾ջȴζޱȡ
ɣһĵĳհ
ڽĵļϣԼ⵽һʵ
˾ջĶˣҲָ߰˰ˣΪĵ黹ҪԵġ
գɫһƱѹŨħ֮䣬ѹ˵࣬һֻֽÿһ˵Ĳӣ޷Ϣ
ģּˡ
˵˲Ǳˣ
ǰȺ֮вид˵һֱ׹ȴδħԼ硣
ħȫ°ڰɫ֮Уֻ©һ˫۾棬ֻ˫۾ޱȣ쳣ˡ
ħľ
ſеӣ뽪˵ħ⡣
һҾ;ùֵֹģúϤڿ˵ľֱһģһ
ĺͶ˽ȫʱŵĳС
ʲôľ
ŶˣɶЦô
ľǸһָʬһܹϵת㽫ʬ⴦Ϊʬײγľ
Źľ֣ȫȫӵħеɱ⡣
û뵽ʱôãһμ
ʶô
ͷһ±Ƶı飬Ѿ˵ܶˣǽİˣʲôϹŮתҲʲôΪɶҪء
˵ˣֲ죬˵ĺܾúܾǰʶһ
꣡
ĵô˵ħȻǹҲסģһԵЦ
Ǹ̲סЦˣģ
һҧһǽؽˣԼĬĬؿϷ
ħˣ˾һǲ½һ壬ħѹƻ
ģӦжʱ䲻ˡ
ЦţһϮ޳ĺҲԼݡ

1826 ˲˹

1826 ˲˹
ɫ֮䣬Ũħÿһ˵ߡ
ħħѾۼĿı˾һǳ֮
˵ʵ½˾һȻǿ󣬵ħ֮ͬʱǶٴƵģο˾һ峤˾޵лڱչûг֡
˾ӽĵվվ˾ռߣҲұ֤˾һĶȹһνѡ
ô˵ҲӦ˾޵УӦ˵һҪ˾⡣
Ÿ˫ֶż
ǽ类ˣתܿİɡ
Ĳڣ鲻һЩ鲻ڱƿ֮С
˵ǲƿ֮е˱ǽģ˾ӣ㽫ǽļ嶼УΨ˾ӵˣÿһζܳƻķΧ֮⡣
ͺñһϮ˾һ壬ĳڣּ֮ƻ֮⣬ԭӦ˾һʮþȵ飬ȴûʮİա
нĴڵĵطȻֲ
ҲǸҪŪ׵һ飬㽪ǹļ̳ˣΪÿһζӳ죿
ҲӳĸݽÿλΪĲ̫ʣˣŪףΪΣ
˫עţȫڵĺܡ
ĿҲ֪ǳ֮ѣȥǡ
˵ţĴгһöǳ֮Уһöǳ֮һ˾ռҵǳ֮
ǻ˵ˣõǳ֮Ҫ뿪׼˺˾ռκһˡ
ǳ֮ҫŹâħеɱƺûдŹڳκһ˵˼
ߣǳ֮Ҫ˾һȫҲҪ
ô˵û£
ĵĿת˵ħΪйڵԭܵķľħ
ħ˵ֻһ죬ǳ֮ͽ顣
ĩǳ֮Ʈɢ֮䣬ħڵҹɫУ·貵ǳһ㣬ԡ
˭Ҳû뵽ĻͻȻٶǿǳ֮ĶͱͽˣЦô
ˣǳ֮ҲûˣǻȥҲú꽻ˡ
һĨЦЦĺ⸡ڴǣȻעҪˣǾͱˡ
˵ǳ֮˾ռǳ֮ǵһǳ֮֮һ
ħȥȺ˾Ȼ˾һע⡣
˺󣡡
Ļ³һ˫ֽӡһ˲䣬ǺɫƲб鲼׵硣
ħˣͶԼ˾ջȵ˾ռ˶壬Ȼþ·ħ֮е׵硣
ңĶԷħĽֻҪĴ֮˱㲻ᱻ׵޲Ĺңڷħۺ˺ҵ𣬿˵ӵǿ
ħ󷨺ͺҵศڽĵĲٿ֮£ܿı㽫ħһεĽС
һյ˽ĵʾ⣬˳˷ħ󷨵ķΧ֮ڣħ˽Ǳ֮С
ͬħҲʲôλŲ׵ҵ𣬲δյ˺ħͲһˡ
һһ׵£ֱĻħϡ
ΪħħһЩ׵ܽģλɢΪɳɢ֮ʱħ¾£һ
ˣħħҲͬħһɢɳûֿ
ôȥǰ취ҪһӦ֮ߣ
ߣ˾ռѾȥħչǱߣҲ˿սС
ʩչħĽĶħһſ䱣ڼࡣ
߾ԿħԷϾǴ𾳽۷ǿߣΪŴﵽ۷壬һ
Сӣڳ㲻
ǣڱĩֵû֡
ŴǵѪʩչ߾۷֮γһħУʱӺɫкХǧħŽ˲עʱ׷Ͷǹ
˾ջ˾һ˶սħʿϾ赲ЩħĹ
״һԾ󿪣Խ䵱Ƶĳǹ
飡
ҵײڲţӲĽӿѪȥ
û¶רģ
Իõоɢκεо̫࣬Ҽһᴩæס˶Ųˤڵϡ
ңһϿʵǰһԵδ֣ĸ˾ħ³˸
ת֮Ϊԭһ㣬ôôʸͱȥ
ħЦţлûһѾ޴ĳĽϱŷźɫħۿų˻ӿ˹˫ֽ䣬γһ罫ӲĿ
ĸΪħʮ֮һħѹΪҲֳ񱣻ˣûþȫ
СһЩעܣ
ٲþȫĻǺ롣
˫һϮɫĳ˰ɫҲӺɫ˺ɫ
һĻ֪Ľħ״̬Խ˵ġ
ħǹ°ܽˣ
ħ֮ĽʵǿһȭֱӻħţһȭݾһȭΪɢɳ
֮䣬ɢɳħָֻ̬
ôȥ֪Լ綼ΪĹȣհʱ˻˾һ嶼пĽ֡
죬СҲܷųˡ
˼ȥһıͷת߿ԱʼǿϷ״̬
ڴʱħһӣǿķɳǷɳ֮еĶҺֻҪմȾ˵ϣô˻ɰ׹ǡ
һԾһ󣬶һ֣ɢħ
ţ顣
Цţ֪ôĿģҲã㻹һծ
ʲô
ʲô޹ء
񿴶ûħһۣȥʮսһν˽ĺħˡ
ħ׼ɱн˽ĵʱԶһâϮ׵磬磬꣬Լ֮˾һĳ˾ռǰ
ҸŮ
ǼСѾͷҲܴģ
ѩƺͽīΪףαɽԺˣڱĩˣκҲڴˣٶվ˽ߡ
Ϻǣɶ˲˹ģȫڰײ棬ˣ

1827 Σ

1827 Σ
˾ħٲĦ
⣬ÿ󰡡
ϲõϲУɿħʵʵģһͲʲô⡣
ģΪ˾ӵȺ鶼ˣ㲻ɡ
Ǻǣǿ˵׼ء
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣʱſ˸ŹâƬƯڰУγһ̣ںɫħҫŹ󣬲ԼٶȾħ
ûſƬ˾ҵƬ
ħ缴˾ռϢ֮ʱֺڰ׵ĸ˹ǧһ֮ʸϵˡ
ſƬ໥ƴճ̵̣ħҲپñѹ޷
ǣ
Ȼˡ
ı任ԭӣֳ̣Цħˡ
֣ħҪNɪҲNɪ
ǾȻҵ̣
ħҪҲǰǿǵĬʱڰֽԡ
һվڹ֮УŴںڰеħˣڹڰмһ磬˺ʶת뿪
Ȼҵ̣ǽһĻҲûʲôÿȥˡ
ħ˵ΪƵı̣̿ԴݻκаħҪǰҲҪɵ֡
ģţΪˡ
Ǻǣ
Цţ˵Ľװ򶨵ģֱħ˳׵ʧ֮Уһ
ۡ
һѪӿҲֻŲסӰˤڻκȼʱĽסŲĸܽӴ
ģ
κȵǵĿŽģ˷ŵһнĶӲŶѣһ˲䣬̫Ǹټħսضķ˴
ٺ٣Ұ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣһڣ˹ȥ
ħһͬ˾һ帮ǰǽѾв˿ʼ˥϶˾һ彫ڲ½׵׵ʧ
˭Ҳ뵽˾ӵĵ˾һ塣
Ծڻ֮У˸һιâ֮ҲΪѰʯ
룬һ˴лص˾ӣҺ˾ų´һº⡣
ˣ
ǵĿŶҲصˣԼʱƵĻ롣
Һųһͬ°ɣĻţɵСȻĻ˾Ϊȫ
񣬶˵ȫĵط˾ӣ˭Ҳ֪ħʲôʱҪСĽǡ
ãҪСһЩ
ѩƺǵĿŻԲѵĽģһ۽ī˵Ļ֮£ֻųκȶ˾˾һ塣
˾ռȻ֣֮ħһνҲأԤȹƵҪٵöࡣ
˾Ϊ˾һСүκǸ˾ջϣųͶĿǼ࣬ΪǮ
ӹĿ
гһŵӣдһϸڡ
˾޵ҪӶټϸ˾ջķãټϽ˾ӵƷãȵȵȵȣӰ˼൱ɹۡ
ųǵ͵ˣ˾ӵΪ˾һˣ˾ҪӦ⳥Ʒá
ǻ⣬ܾ޷ڡ
˾ջЦţ˵ģǵһξöǸϺ꣬ûٵô䣬Ҳֻ˾ӵĶųˡ
ף˶ѡ
һĨº͵Ц⸡ڶĴǣΪ˾ӵ˾˾ռֱӵĹϵȥκεļǮϾ˾ҲһҪǡ
գڼ֮£˾ջó˿ɹ۵ĲȻ˾ջӵˣһо̵֡
ǽΪǿķ̳ǽ磬ȻȻ󲨣ܼ򵥣ħʹ˾ռΣգ˾ӵһҪ̵˾ռ塣
Ӧģ˾ռҲ˾һЩҪ̰֮ˡ
˾ջ˵̰֮ˣ͵ͨʯһûв
̵ǿ󣬲һ仰ģǿԶŴҪηģ˵һһһѪȷ
˾ռһᴦзǷ־ٶ࣬˾ҲȻҪʾһ¡
ɽ
˿ų磬˵ͷɻȶ˵껰һѪӿκε̾һһȭͷ
Ͳܱķˣųڣ԰ĵһʱˡ
ˡ
ܵشҪ¹˾ӵ飬Ҫ󣬲ǲųһ˾ӣЩų漰
˾ӵǮĸѿأѩƺų磬κȣĸ˷ֱ⣬ǲٳ˾ӰΣճһڡ
˾ջļ⣬ȻŲصҲҪ˾ջּۻһ
֮ĸ뿪˾ռҡ
뿪֮ǰ˾˾ջҹ̸һ˵һ¹˾ռδķչ
ǽѾ׵ĸıˣΪ̵ĳַ츲صı仯˾ջһָоһųɴѽ٣Ȼָ֪оӺζ
ص˾Ѿǰ֮ˣ˹
ħϮ˾һѾĻˣ˵ˣ̸̸
˾Ӻ԰Уģκȣκȣ¶¶̼ɹ̫
κһʱһֱѧϰŲٿؿܵҲѧˡ
ǲҪһһ·ôһȥ÷ӿ
ҪҪۣ
κЦˣԺԲż˴۵ӡ
ۣʲôۣ
Щ⣬κȵһͬۡ
ʱſǽһڴүŲӣƺҪŮ˵ʲô
˵ɶأ
֪Ҳ·顣
ɶ·Ҹ㣬ɱϱ⡣
룬ų磬˵Ŀͳһ˶һΡ
бȥ˵˵ʲôһϱµҪ˵ɶá
ݺݵ²ų³̵ˣڵˣԼϱʱզûء
˴ں֮ģ䡣ĸڽĵ󣬿ż˽˲÷þöûгǱڶĿջеһˮһֱȵϡ
ĿջСһΣЩ߰ɣûӣǲЩ߰ɣӰջ⡣
λүҪҪһЩС˴򷢴ʱ䣬ȲˮĻҲȲ
ܣ죬ˣˣ
뿴˽ĵ˵ӰһӰʱֱˡ
ģκȣ¶¶̺ͻκȼһһۣɫһںڵĳ˳ϡ

1828 

1828 
¹֮£ֻߵӰǰһ㣬Ŀת
⴩ɶ
ಣ
Ӱ˲ڻκȣ¶¶κȣ̣ߣ׷Լϵǵϡ
ôÿ
۾³̣ϲһ·ôˣ
ûÿϱʲôÿ·е̫ˣߣۻؼҹ
๫ÿô
κҲĿų磬ͭеܺÿ
ÿ˴ʲôŮӡ
ųЦţҲֱӱκʧǰ
ߵ׿ǰеĻϲ޷ݣһȴ̫ڡǸһ˿ˡ
½½ģҵϱԼ๫˻ȥܽһϮ۵ĻֻܽͣʵʵĽҾ涫󲻿κηǷ֮롣

̾ˣƢԻòˣ·ء
ЦţȴǼʧ䡣
ʱ˿̣ڤҹԼĻʲôıء
գɽԺ
үôˣ
ֵ˵үѾжʱûȥ˾Ӳ䷹ˣˣѲħɵĺ¶
ģǰɽԺԶԶر㿴ľϺԬ϶ˡ
ˡ
ɺã˵˾һ巢顣
ľԽԽϲ˾һ屻ħΧʱ򣬲һҪȥ֧ԮڱԬ
û¶ħʱүô¶Ϊʲôˣ
ɽԺԺ죬Ϊ߳һǸǼеߣֻռ˲Կĵôˣ
˵ǳ˵һ仰Ҳܸ
飬ľɫǵĲ飬Ƕˡ
ɽԺԺȻȥ͵ժԺӳԣ׷˰֣һûעˣŤ˲˵ĵһš
үӡôţô
ǿɽԺԺǲ½ǿ۷弶ˣȻΪ͵ӱ죬ԼŪˣ
˵ȥ˭ţʵӡ
үʲôط
ԺңˣȥʱȥҪӡ
һϴӣľϽӽ˽ģ˼仰֮Ԭ뿪ˡ
Ժҡ
ˣ
ûľţ洫첡
˭
үӣǡ
ŶûԼС
үڳϣбб޲ûǲģ֪ĻΪǵʲô֢֮ء
үӣ˵㱻׷˰֣ˣ
һ仰үһ©ڱŵʱ顣
СľѾͷϹ˵ʱϷ԰죬һħ˻켣УŽ׽һû뵽·ȻɱһȮ
ľ˵һ͵ӱİ汾ү˵һ͵ӱĹ汾Ȼ̲һһġ
͵ˣˤûһ
ЦЦЦ֪ЦΪʦҲĹģЦΪʦ
үӰ˽һۣŭһҪǽۣһúõĽѵûòС˵
˺ˣǴ˻ô
֪˾ͺá
үӴóһҶʼһ߳һѯ˾ռҷ顣
ϵ֪Ҫ˽еľϸڣй̵顣
˵˾ռҷ֣ϸҲ˵һ˾޵бչأ˾ջжȻħħ֡
֪ǲǴܾһ壬һ̺ܴ壡
ĻһѵĻὫзնɱһǱڵвɱҡ֮С
ǵûôûв֣ȻԭΪ̵ĳ֣ܾһŻˮֻڻ벻׸Ҫʲô
Ǹǻǻ㲻Ϊʦʵ˾޵Ǽһ
˾޵е˽⣬֪˾ռҽ֣֮ΪħĽɱʮҵ˾ռҾʹ˻һΪλִŵȥչأ
⣬һĲ˾޵Ҫʲô
һ¡
Ĵӽָọ́˸һιâ֮̾ͳΪһͨʯʯϿ̻һЩ֮⣬Ѱûκ
쿴һۣǿ϶˵̵ı仯
̵ǽ磬ſƬƴһʱһԵӿֳʧȥŻ㣬ֻҪǽٵͿһʹˡ
š̾һ籦ô
ó籦ֺ̡
ôҪٴʹ̵ĻҪ㹻ӦħˣԼԶŴħ
үӣʱ乻ãϲʶһˡ
˲ʶһнˣ֮󣬽˾ջе֪ɽ˽н
ô
ԣү֪
үӣ֪
Ȼ֪ħ֪ɣħ磬ڽǰʲô
үӻ˻֣֪ģħڽǰһС˶ѣͽʶһǽӵõѣû֮һ
ħħΨһħԷ硣һһŮӣŮӾ˽ʱĽΪٽޱȡ
ʲôʱ飿
ˣܾúܾǰʱǳ뽭ߡ
ʱ䣬Ѿˡ
ֻǵãŮӣֻվޣԲ̵һమ
Ůӵֽк£µѣ֪ʲôԭǽ磬˽˵Ľ΢չ
ģమˣԷ硣ĽǷ˲ծһŮӳںǰ
ֻЦţŽֻҪһһһ˫ˣȴûлشκλ
뿪ˣʱ˹񣬶˳Ϊ˺ѣҲΪ£˹ɫʣŮ˳Ϊ֮
һ죬֣Ҵ˺£²ħ硣
Ϊ˾ֿѣħ磬ɴʱĺ޷ħħϲЦ¿˽硣һĻ뿪ħ硣
Ӵ֮󣬱ţǽһе޷ҵ¡
ֱ֮󣬹ͺڰǵʦ뿪ǽʱ򣬹ҵ˽һСŮӤ˽ȡΪ䡣
԰ǿСһģ
ʱԲϣһСŮޣǰү˵ģѾʮˡ
֪һϢһʣ˺ӣǺӱħĽᾧǲؼࡣ

1829 ĪĹŮ

1829 ĪĹŮ
ǽ磬綼ԼĽƣһ磬һֹ㲻ġ
һǾûкýġ
ܹǧС磬ϣ඼Ǳβ
֮һˡ
ˣǰйúõչ˶䣬Ϊ˲˺СӤСŮޱֱ뿪ʱŽСŮ޽
ڹ뿪֮ǰ뽪˵ʲôֻ˲֪
ããһΪָʲôȱµ¶ˣ
̾һǷ
ȷʵûȱ¹ֵ飬Ҫǳʦͺڰǽˡ
˽һۣ۽ǲǹתڼ̳˹оǵڶ
˵һЩڹԹͷģὫһеľþòɢĺʩѹڽĵϡ
ٺ٣ңǹȫˡ
Ĳ˻⣬˵̵顣
үӸĻظҲܼ򵥣Ҫ̣Ҫյ㹻ʱǽ٣ָ̻õʱ
һҪע⣬ͨʯһĻˣ˾һɨϰһ˵ưҲ
֪ˣǻСĵġ
ϸѾͷһЩƷϷͷ˵ˣҪԺõģ
˶ˣ䷹˻Զô
Ϊ䷹еүӵȻᡣ
Ķѹûүӣ뿪ɽԺ
ǰŸյ˾ǰͿһ˱źӶһԣ۵ĿţӦǶ˵Ĺϵ
Ҳ˽ˣһվ
ʶŮŮ
ɶ
һڿˮûüʣԼǺˡ
ɶʱĻô֪˸Ů
ǽĶ˲Ҳôһ¶
ں˺ȾƣѰƬһ·Ϸ飬ͱų˸Żص˾ӡ
˾ӵԺУˣѩƺīλϣΧ۵ĽĶһһߵı顣
У޹ϣ˵Ŀַͬʱ˱ӨվĲԶ
ʲô飿Ϊɶôңǲֱ˧ˣǶʼˣ
Ļ⵽˵İۣѩƺָŸ˺͸˻еŮӤ
ʲôʱ飿
ʲôʲôʱ飿
һ±ƣѩƺ˵ʲôתͷ˿Ǹ˺ͷ˱ŮӤһͷˮզզ¶أ
磡
ݡޣ
ޣôĴ㶼µȥ֣
޳ܰ࣡
ˣ
ζͦذ
һһ˵һͷ󣬶һԵĸһֺֻݺݵشԴϡ
Ϲ˵ʲô⺢ӵǰź˾
ס
һ仰׹ǰûԭΪˣɸǲ⣬ʲôʱкˣУûɻô
һվŵ̶̺æǰһŶͷеĻ˹
ҿĸס
ԭẠ̊́
һ㽫еŮ޽̡
һŮ޵ݣ̵˳
̫ˣ쿴۽ǵһ룬ҲУ
Ǽҵı־Ů۽Ƕһ룬֤׿ҵѪټСŮ޺Сʱƣ̿԰ٷ֮ٵȷСŮһԼŮ
ǲ̫ˣ͵ƾһ룬ΪɶûУ
ԩúܣҲ˵ͻȻֵĸ˱źӾ˵ѪûɻôĺӣѲϽĹӲɡ
̶ˣ㻹ô
ϽͿϷŪһƴ
ҪˣԲϵģɷԶţŮʲô¶Ļһӡ
ɹؼǣʲôû
ܺ˵˵׺ʶĹô
Ҳֻ֪һ㣬Ҳ˶ˣ⼸˳塣
˵ǰߴ½ɽѰͨʯ飬·һӣǴһֻҪŮԸС
ӵĸ׽ССԸʣһĺӣʱԱߣԸɲɵԸĹ˻ָѪ˹ϣԱЧˡ
Ŵ˵ŹںӵԼֹ֮ϵɵļϡ
ֵܣˣԸͺӣţ
˵ʵ·ڱУ˭Ҳŵģƫƫͷˡ
Ѿ͵ˣҸȥ·ѡ
˿ˣգóһӲ㹻ø˰ʮӵĽǮ
ˣŮӤ˾ӡ
̱ŮӤǽһϲȻӤĳЩĪվǼҵѪҳôϲ
СһӽԺչ㡣
ʼգһ±Ƶ״̬
ʱ̫ˣиӾժˣҲûǶԼЦȻȻΪͬˡ
û뵽оȻ˼֪Ļ
˿ǿЦСӤֿ˿ۻϲף֪˵ʲôǺãһʱ̲ܽԼĪĶһӵʵ
ֵܣΪȺһû뵽˭гǰʶӶˡ
뻰еĵ٩Ҳĺô
˾ӶһСӤɰĺܣȿֺı¡
ģܾ谮
¾ȶԺҪжӵĻͳ׼ң
Ԥ£⵽İۺͷԡ
ܾҹŮԶ㡣
⼸ʱ䣬ҲĽԼһŮʵİΪ谮Ůĸס
Ľ㣬һš
ſڵһŽ˽ģ׷ȥʱѾʧˡ
˭
ǣĻҪ
ֽôκּŷһ˲䣬ŨħǵصϮŵС¶˳
ңħ൱Ϥ
ԶŴħս顣
ţս飬֮ڣԶŴħĴ£ħĴ˾ӡ
ã³ˣҪһˣ
ȥһ¡
˾ڵʵףҪΧ޹ɢȺ¶¶ҲҪ׵ǲܷſֽŵĺħȺƴһƴ
¶¶κȺ̴ģֻ֪ˣҲֻðɢеİա

1830 Ĺ

1830 Ĺ
ɽԺɽµĳ򣬳˾ӵ˻ڳУʣеİѾ뵽˰ȫĵش
ɽԺҲѧǷ˼٣ʦͳǱ˾һͬӦħ硣
ˣ˾һҲ˾֧Ԯֵ˾ѣҲ۷˾һȹ˴Σ
ƽʹ˾ӿȥƽʱûʲôһֱһգԺгƻһ˳˾⣬쳣Ϥ
үүˡ
߲ǱˣǱүүüҵ峤úء
֪úѾˣʬ屻ħߣǰıúֻһʬ
űúسǰ˫ۺûа⣬ס˱
ȥ
Ľ㣡
˫֣һοүүּ֪ǰүүѾݣǡ
Ӱˮͨһڵϣűúؿͷ
Ǳֵ˫ޱȡ
ЩԼħطƳΪʬ
СӦԡ
ʮʬΪ׵ıúغ춼ǽǿĴڣΪʬ˱ضսһ
ô
ڣ
ûԸʬô
Ҳһð취ֻһմȾʬаˣʧ
ԽָóʮʬУúغȴһ
ǧҪʬʬմȾ˾綾
ʾǧҪС£ʬȾ˾綾մȾһصĺ
ۿűúغԽԽİ˫˫ֽӡγһ˶˵ȥ·
ģΪһλܴӻô
ڴʱһ𣬰Ũҵѹ֮䣬ħ纣ХһХ
ħ磬ǰԶŴħڰС
һ˲䣬ؼһƬ
ϺǣⲻħôղһΪء
˫ֶżЦŰеһħ֮ˣΪ׵ꡣ
ô˾кιɰ
ڣħȻſ
Ŀ⵭תڽĵϣŲ̤һģգ֮䣬˽ĵ˵ǰ
ԶŴħǿѹ޷ݣɱĽ硣
ģ޼ѵ֮ˣһλᡣ
ûпڣȷʵĻص˶ߡ
˵ʱǺһֱעŽģֻһۣܽ˿͸ҲţǰһԼ
ŶҵǺ棬ԶŴħܸʲô᣿
˫ֶżĽЦ˫ۣ֮ûκεľ⣬ѯΪĻʲôᡣ
ܼ򵥣˳ޣ޴㳤ͬ٣
ô
˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ
ɲУȲ˵Ѳͬ⣬˵ǰԴ׵δͲ׼ңԣԲסˣ
ڽĻµһ˲䣬̸ڰУ쳣ҫ۵ĹâɢһֺڰʱĹڰʮԵĻֳΪ
ԽΪ׵˾һվڹ֮УԶŴħΪ׵ħվںڰ֮С
̵赲ԶŴħҲǰһ
ڴʱһϤϢ֮䣬֮еİһĻصڽĶߡ
Ů
һϮɫĽİӵŷĳǰһֵĻڤҹԼһɰСŮޡ
˳֣ĵɴ۾ԼǰһС
þô
ǻþĻΪôʵ
ڽĲ֮ʱڤҹٶȳڽ࣬ظգôôĳ硣
ˣǸΪˣ
ÿһ񶼳ޱȵᣬƽеİһˡ
֮䣬·ֻʣ½ĺڤҹˡ
Ϥӣĺ˫ۡ
ôŻ
Ϊ֮ضɽ٣뿪֮ĸˡ
ʱ˵ڤҹ֪ΪԼ÷˵ġ
ˣΪˣΪˡ
ָõ۽ǵˮڤҹþӵİŮˡ
İӵŷģıŽС޶Ҳ˽ߡ
ġ
ԼŮΪĸȻġ
ýİݺǲˬŮȻڵһʱ俴ĲԼڤҹ
ף
ΪЦŵ׻׻бŵСЦޱȵů
ǲǿ˲٣
ڵһžۣȻΪĸеģǿİݺڤҹʱѩƺīԼ˷׷˵һĻ
Σ˳ֵʱá
İݽڤҹԹȫйħ˵ϣε̾һ
ףôˣ
ôˣڤҹճ͡
ڤҹҲе⣬ڼ˼ʱ
Ū˵֮˵¶Ҳ١
˷Ľİݺڤҹǿߵļ룬ԷԶŴħҲڻˡ
һʱ䣬˾ħħɱһѪɺӡ
ûɱ㳩죬˷·ֻصǸѪ
Сģ
İʮߣˣ
令壬гһһħħ
УӲû䣬û꣡
˫ȭ£ħԴš
κȶһ߷ŵоһ߽ҩ˵ĿС
ħڶ࣬˾ޣΨõҩάԴԴϵħĴһս
һߣģڤҹģİӭսħԼԶŴħ
㣬Ҳ򡣡
̾һҲΣҲ򣬿κɼסˡ
һԾǰڿĵʱ򣬸˵һ仰
ֹ
һ仰£˫ҲɫĻûʲô˼еĳֱĵࡣ
ֹ
ĲʱֻһɫԼٶȳԡ
ã
ۿŸҪọ̃ԼٶҪǰȥһ
ΪΣ
ħ˲Ӧþ̵ôΪʲôȴ̵
ڸõ̵ʱ˽֣ͣŶ߻صŵЦȫһĺ⡣
õˡ
޳ָḥ̈Ŀһһɨˣкɱⲻϵıŷš
Ҫʲô
ʲôȻǽȫĨɱ
δԼĿģ֮󷽷ĸ˽ģһһе鲻ϵӣļƻʮǰ񣬶ƿ֮С
Ŀĺܼ򵥣һǽٽ֮ʱọ̃ǽ˶ʧǽɻߵ֮ء
ģ֪һǽٵգһ򣬵ʱᱬѣʱǽһ鶼֮ʧһΪס

1831 ֻ

1831 ֻ
ЦĻص˶ߣе־ˣĿĺܼ򵥣ǽʧ׵׵ʧ
Ϊƻıʮ꣬ԶŴħƿ֮УΪϵһӡ
ѾˣҲʲôˡ
ʱԴԴǽٵҪǰֹȴѾΪʱ̽һ˿ǽٵմԶĺڰбһɫǿĹâϵɢ
ģᣬ㲻ϧ
Ŀ쳣䣬һѣŻıѣǺǿ
ɫĹâԼٶܴⴥ˲
ǻûôһ¶㻯ʧؼ䡣
⡭
ų翴Žʧе˫֣ҪȥסκȣȴκҲʧǰ
ˣ
ϱ
һʧ˾ӵҲһɢҪǰֹ޼¡
ͻһýסˡ
ףС
ʧˣİʧˣѩƺʧˣīʧˣһʧǰ
ǽΨһߣ
ǿЦԾµ̬
ڴʱһӰĳ֣ڤҹͽĶʱѷ֮У˽ѡ
˲ǱˣǱչص˾޵С
Žʧģ˾޵ε̾һ
ʱ䲻ˣ˵ΨһȵķӾȥʱתʱա
һжоȣ̧ͷ˾޵С
κԭһԼΪ׼͵ʱУסֻһλᣡ
˾޵е֮ԱչأǸ֪˽յ鷢ҲΪˣŻһĻ
Žĺڤҹǽ˾ͽˡ
˫ֽӡ˾޵ȼԼΪ׼ڤҹ͵ʱС
ããУһߴԻ͵Ĺڶǰ
ǣڤҹ֣ǿͷĽݣǰкΣգһҪҵʱתʱա
һһڵ̨ײϵĺˣĲ֪˶ãո̨̤ףǧ֮á
Ѿľеϣȴɼš
ڣʯ׵˾ͷʱС
һŰɫȹŮǧƺ֪ĺڤҹһŶˡ
ˡ
ŮЦţûκθ飬ֻǵıʺ
ʱתʱ䣬ҵҵѣ
ã
ʱǧһߵĺڤҹǰһ˫ˮɫӿˣһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
ǣǶҪӦĴۣԸ⸶ʮʮĴۡ
ʮʮĴʲô
ʶమأЩֻʮʮĴ֮һ
תʱոı˵ĽҪӦĴۣʱЦŶˣȴŽĺڤҹĻظ
ڤҹ
תڤҹ˫۶еˮϵĵ
ʮʮǰԸô
ˣǶΪһֱѰ㣬ҲҪΪ򡣡
һ仰Ѿ˴ʲôĿЦţֽڤҹ֣ĵ¶ȡ
õ˶˵Ĵ𰸣ʱһӣɫ˲ȥȡ֮ǰһгڵˣصħսõ̵˲䡣
ڸӴ̵ʱ򣬽ĺڤҹԼٶȳڸ࣬Ķ̣ڤҹɱ
ۡ
һѪӿ˫벻⡣
ΪΣΪļƻᱻʶƣڿĺڤҹŵİɫâЦ
ģڤҹû뵽ǾȻҵʱתʱ䣡ףܾĥ
һɢ֮䡣
˴٣̵£ħ˺ܿ㱻ˣԶŴħҲ±ӡ˻Ԩ
ؼ䣬ħȥ峿ҲӶ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣӳڽĵϣ쳣ҲһʧӰɢǰ
ƽ£һڤҹ˫֣ѹŲᡣ
ڤҹ۷ʲôҡ
ˣʮʮΪ򶼻ȥ㡣
ӵĶǰɢ̳ɢ
һĻĽİǰҪץסʧĽģָ̳ߡ
ģ
ү
ĽĺһܳܳΣμ˸ָǧٹֵ顣
С㣬ү͹ڴˣô
Ŷˣ
ŹǷȴεһУϴһ˺үĴС
ԶԶأ㿴͸ڴƺʲôһ
ףʥ˾ʲô˼СͻСΪҪͻ̫ӣ
ΪгӵĽܺǲ⣬ʥ˵˼
ʥҪסҵ̫ס̨档
ү̧۵ʱ㿴˱Ů˻ʾ⽪ǰ
С߰ô˯ѡ
磡
ııڽүԣŶһҲûдҹϢ
磬ղ˵ʥҪͻ飿Ҵͻ̫ӵ£
С߷ģֻҪд͵ڣԲʹΪĿܣ
罪˵һǾԲԼóΪλµƷ
֪Сˡ
ٺٵЦţ֣ϵЦŨҡ
磬СûǮˣǮ
һ谮ĵĽôܾõҪ󣬽ǮֱӶСһÿͿġ
л磬Сˣ
ǮĽĸ߸˵뿪˺үʥǲҪͻ飬һҪôʹҵļȮҪô̫ӵ¸Ū֮նʾڣ붼ÿ¡
ġ
˭ң
Ļعͷź˭ڽԼ
ˣôһЩֵֹ
üͷǮ˿ջʱȺеֳӰǶ˲Ǳˣˡ
һҲҪסģ漴ֹˡ
ǰô
ҲԼĿԣýڲˡ
ΪתʱգĺڤҹӦеĴۣתΪ˷ˣֻ֮ࡣ
ǱĺڤҹؾۣԽǲ룬˵ĽֱԽĲңھҵ˽ת֮ˣҲκεĲ롣
ѵֻܿô
Ȼأ
ҲܣҲֻˡ
һߣջеĽζĸ㣬ӭһɷꡣ
곤ѿֻǹڳ׺ݵı鿴еɵȱ
ģһһҪһʤһ
̧ͷҲһۣͷĸ㡣
ģҽСϹ㷢սҲӦս

1832 ٴ

1832  ٴ
Ϲ֣ϹСӣǽСԡ
ԼСӵΪǱıһ֮󣬶˽ӣÿÿ˶Ҫһܡ
ģҪǲӦս˵ӴԺͳΪϹֵСܣ
žһһץסϹֵһĹˤݺݵؽϹ˦ڵϡ
СӣԺڽԷʱͣô
ֻһУıϹס죬Ϲһίεı顣
ģվס
ûʱ㣬һб¶أ
ϹĴһӵĸ뿪˿ջϹ˽ģҪǵҪʲôȥ
ǹң
ϹˣԼٽ߹հ˹һСУſľű߿ȥֻԺʮС˹Χڽĵߣĸ㡣
ĴӻóһЩӷͱȽϴкС
ԥЩǮСӿӦ㹻ģάһʱ±
ôǮģ
ԥͱȽĻҪһ꣬еǮӣƸ˽ġ
ģѾˣ㲻ٴӼǮ
ѽ֪ǵңģЩǮǼҶСǮš
ĽǮԥС
ҿҪ뿪һʱ䣬ʱʲô¶Ļȥүҵ־С
ԥ֪ǽүŮ׽Ҫ뿪һʱΪΡ
㲻˵ҪμӽĻƽôôͻȻҪ뿪ˡ
ǻʵ϶ҪҼ޸̫ӣǽҵ̫ӵĵλ
˵һ罪ı㲻һҪһʱ䣬ȵʵٻ
ˣǮţ¶ȥүҵȻȥˡ
ʱҲˣĴغүʰһȻԶԶߣȵƽ˺ٻҲ١
뿪СԺķ˹Ϲ֡
ô밤᣿
УСүô
ô˵Ϲֻһתʱͣ˽Ų
ղ˵Ҫ޸̫ӣ
ŶôҪ޸̫ôǻʵּͻ顣
ôϹ֡
ˣԺСԺҪɶ¶㶼ŵ㡣
Ϊɶ
Ϲֲ⣬ΪɶҲҪչСԺЩûûĹ¶
Ϊɶƾ°ܽ°ܽûʸΪʲôģף
˭°ܽСүֻǲϧĴŮΪ㲻ɡ
Ϲ׳ŵǰɽĸһ̧־ˣŵĺ
ҡ
Ϲһۣת뿪Сӡ
صүѾϵˡʰ˰֮󣬽鷿ǰŵƻ֮ϸ׵ӰŽүؾ˹
Ůˣȵƽ˾֮ٻ
£תܣⲻ֪鷿еĽүͽܸӶ֪СѾͷҪߵļƻ
׷ģѾСߵİзƱҲֵֻܣչСߡ
Ǿͺã
ô˵Ϊ׵ĽүǵŮİΣӾôһŮܲô
С֮ˣһʺһźµ˺»ˣôŮȥʹܣΪƷ
ˣŮڵ뿪ʥ˴עŮҲ١
ҪעһЩ򲻿Сˡ
ǣף
ҹ뿪Ľ˻ʳǣ۶ԶֻҪܱܿһη粨ͺá
򿪰еƱϹ˽ĵ˫ۡ
Ǵã
ƱһǴŽȥˣõĴ磬û֮һ
뿪Ҫȥأ˼ãȥˣ˵ɽˮҲĬȥɽˮһ
˼ƻļǰı߾ֻҪ˱߾ǻʹ׷ˣҲ޼ƿʩ
ҹɫ֮䣬Ѿн˰µĽı߾ʱϲ˴ֻ꣬һϡ
ͻȻı꣬жĻʮˡ
һɾĵضţ⡣
Ϊ˳еİȫŮװʯԱ߳Ա˱˯˹ȥ
ʱһοһϮɫԼ˽ǱţԲδ˵ĳ࣬Ҳûе·ˣԶĿ
գŰһϵıͣ˯Ͳг֮ûˡ
ųŽ뿪߽ǰ˭֪߾Ȼ
ɶ˼Ϊɶ߾
ʮĽֱ߹أͷб߾ý
ýͷ߾ëĹϵ߸ô
ǰڳŽҲ޷뿪߾
˵ôʥ˴ͻ飬ǽүҵСʧˣʥ˴ŭҪ𷣽ء
ļٵģ˵ҵСܾ˳谮ƽүǲĿԼСŮܿ࣬С뿪
ҲΪˣСҰ
һһصڽĶߣҧŴǣаٰ㲻ζ
ΪԼȻҡ
УҪȥ
ԭ뿪ĽֳŽǵķ۷ȥ
ڰ;У콵꣬һסȥ·
λɷһãҼزꡣ
ŽģҲѰĿ⿴ȥֻԶԱߣУһƣӦ
֧ɡһϮɫ˽ǰ
л
лĿһӣһ˲䣬Ժкʲôһֿǻе˳ʲôӣֻǾˡ죬ֲ֪
ȵȡ
Ľߴƿ˿һԵ
ô֪Ůģ
ѾװŮװһһڱǹý
ЦЦ
ݳɣڳбɡ
ҪȥҪȥ
ˣҲҪȥ
ĺУеΡ
̧ͷ˿ǰˣһһĿʹһеĿӣֻ˵Щ԰ףһǾò֮
ȿȣ
˿æӻóҩ裬һˮ͵ǰŵĺܡ
еҩ裬΢΢üͷ
ǸʲôҶһ䣬ҩȻƹӵĲ֢Ǹ̫󣬿Ծҩеİ滻ɹݣԽ͸ûҩЧ
ﶮҽ
ԶһЩǼҹӵĲ֢ηҩʱҲñòˮҩ
ĵĿ⿴¹ӣĿҲϣĿԵһ˲䣬ĵྐྵȻûɵıһ¡
˵һҲΪѰҽҽιӵĲ顣

1833 ๫

1833 ๫
֪ģһĿ֮һѰҽβģɣҽķδ
Ŷ
Ĵ껹ţУҩ¹˯˹ȥĿĽУһ߿һŴϽͣ
ȴ͵һŤҪ
˽ĵ󣬱겻ʱͣ¹ӵҲ
뿪֮ǰ¹ͣ½ŲĿڽĵϡ
ʲô֡
ƼˮѣͲظ֪˴˵ˣԵĻ´ټ
ѾͣˣҲŢĿӶ̧˳¹ӵȻûбҪڽĳһ
ǳڸл¹л񣬲Ҹ֪ģƾκһҪ
ǾͶлˣ
壬ļʧС
ŽʧеӰ¹Ӱ˫ֱʧҲûƿĿ⡣
үڿʲô
ûʲô߰ɣ
¹ӱջߣֱŽн֮ʱһγڰС
ϣһһý֡
ϣˣȥ֪ɵ˵ѾҵˣмǣĪҪκ˲С
ʾȥ˽תϢҲһ㣬ĪҪκǷزĻǰʹĽĿ
š
һߣھղ߲ݵĸ·󣬽ǻص˽ү
үѾرأүͽܸӶ˱ѺںүС
ҹǷˣ˭ǵĵӡ
ƿүͽһлϲֵǡ
⺢ӣ

ԭ·һϮɫȹĽ˸ǰŶõĹ⾰ޱס
Сãȥʥϡ
̫Ц˫ۣһ۽֮󣬱תȥźүҲ뿪
СߣôˣʥҶԽô뿪˽ʥΪҲʲôġ
磬СôĿΪԼһܵǣ
֪ʹ綼ԼΪˣŲԸ⿴Ϊõ顣
˵ˣǼôʲôϵͲˣԸڻʹȥȵ̫Ϻܲˣһ뿪ġ
Ļĵ죬ʵټүһǰʹμϯҲ֪ȻҪ̫ӵºͽĵĻ¡
վڴ⣬Ķż¿̫½褡
̫ӵ£㿴һˣҸĻô
ʶ̫½褣ȷ˵֮ĦΪ˿ջĹ𻨸ӡ
һʱʱø°ӣû뵽һξȻ˱ƻֶΣԽΪв
У֣
ϲС
һĨЦ⸡½褵ĴǣվǰŮ½֣Ҫȴȥ
̫ӵ£ӦһʵҽүŮģһŮˣȻΪ̫ӵ£ϲ̫ͣӵ²ΪҵıȨ
ľбҪ˵һе飬½ȫûôֱ˵е£Ա˴˶á
һһоŶߵϵҸ֪½褣ĳɻˣҲʵʵĵ̫һΪ̫Ի
ԭΪԼ˵Щ֮Ϊ̫ӵ½һᷢȻݺݵĽѵһ٣ҷųݻⱲӲ뿴Ļ
û뵽½褴ʼЦţЦеһ˫۾ýıɭɭ
̫ӵ£Īǽˮˣ
δֻ˵껰ѣڷ˵ЩȫԲõġ
½ԾЦŶԣЦǰᣬǽ֪ǸڻĻһᱻԵͷת򣬵˼ּթϺʵϲ
һ޷֮ദۺۣ
뱾ɻ֮󣬱Ȼֻ谮һˣһһֻһ
ǣ
⻰ĽЦ˳ֵŽż½褵ļϡ
ֵܣ⻰ҲƭƭСӰɣ룬㸸ҲõģЩҲõģԣɻ֮ʹ˱޽ĺá
£ת˴У̫½Ҳڽڣ˿һвŮòΪʵһԡ
үսȻѾʳ͢飬ϥӸǶ֮ţ̫Ӣ䣬뽪ҵСŮɻ飬绢
Уʵ½ϣЦŽĺԼĶ½褡
Ȼ֪үԼŮ빬ĽĬϣΨнҵŮӲܳΪĻʺ
ŽһԸı飬½εЦţͺ͵꽪Ĭһӡ
ƹѲҲʼ̸˽ҺͻĻ¡
޽Ǹˣһǻʶ뽪ҵĻ£Ҳүٽү룡
½˵үʱ򣬽ĵĿҲѰſ򹬵λϵˣɫһ¡
˲Ǹӣҵ죬û뵽Ȼү
˵үһЩ飬ž˵үսñ񣬵˵ʮꡣ
û뵽·ү
ȵȣ
ƺ뵽ʲôһת
๫ô
ϣһ๫ص˶ߣǽүܸӶˣ˰үڤҹЩ
ڤҹȷСүŮеԼɫתſǽүСŮ֮ʱСһô
뿪λڤҹλǰóһöڤҹǰҲϵգ۾ƺʾʲô
๫ôҺҰ
๫
½üͷмֶ֮
Ǻ⣿
ʵ½еľƱͣڰУĿ⿴򽪺үүҲɱβѣ֪ԼŮһΪԭ˿үڤҹŮʲôʱڤҹʶ๫
аУһأĲһκã
ôڤҹһҪԼΪۣڤҹĲ
ڤҹоͱĮĴǸֳһĨЦ⣬վӵŽ뻳
÷˰ĵںүΪ򣬵ȴ˽飬ΪȻȥүӷ˻
ڤҹĻһشݺݵػϡ
үСүڤҹôʶģ
Ϊʲô๫ͷ໥νôһ¶
Ůʱʶү
˵ˣҺ๫ʶþˣǸߵ
˵Ϲıźڤҹʶ֪మḶ́ôȻţ˭ĳ֮ûʲôŮ֮һ˵

1834 ɹ

1834 ɹ
ϲ˵Լڤҹ֮ʷڤҹŽģǱ֮оȻֳһĨ顣
ҲԭʲôƨҲˡ
˭֪үڤҹʲôˣӲŮɫҺԣһնɱнˡ
ڤҹеʵɶĺͷԡ
Ůүôʶģ
ô֪ҹŮ
үߵĹԱһۣȻ֪Ůڤҹ֮Բʲô»Ĭ˺ãܱȱͻ޸̫ǿˡ
Һ๫˽ȵ๫뿪ʱҲһͬ뿪ǲǰ๫
˵ļǣΪô÷ڽܿ࣬ȻҪŷһ
ָķĶǰĳ˳Ƕ쳣·ѾǧٴεϤ
һٶҲڤҹסˣĪϤоصͷתɢ
ȿȣ
˵һ仰ڤҹ
λ๫ɼ㲻λˣ
Ĳڤҹ뿪ʧǰ½üͷŽʧеĽģ˫ȭš
ȻŶ֮ʲô˽һ˵Ȼǽ˽ڶѣΪүϣ
һߣĲڤҹ뿪뿪˻ʹǰڤҹ齵վ
С㣬û뵽ȻǽүСŮ
û뵽ȥˣҲû뵽үҪ׼Ķ׼ô
ڻʱ·ϣҪԶȥһЩҩݣȻܱӸڤҹ缲ٿԿٵѹ¿ȴЧ
׼ˡ
ĴӰԶнӹҩݣҩú˽ڴιڤҹȡ
һλҪлүˣûүϣҹžҪͻ޸̫½ˡ
̾һҲһһιҩһ˵ڻʹз顣
Ч߹Ļҽô
ƽү֢Ҫܾû뵽˽İƵҩݣȻڶ̶̵ʱھҩЧ
ϹϹҿҽĵӣүĲȻأлǸ⡣
İ˰Զһۣ˵ڶҩֻҩǳԵá
ҩҩľĲкܴİ
뱾
ڤҹ£΢΢üͷ
ү˵ЩֻȨ֮ƣȻлүľ֮Ҳү
ѵͲ۾֮ң
ڤҹĻýĳĬЩ
ǰڴ˻ѣΪ˲޸̫½褣˵һ֪һжǼٵĻȻᱻ۾֮ʱҶᱻǣġ

˼ȥ뵽һȫķӡ
һҽĲ飬үҪʾݣұ֤ǡ
Ĳ£½ΪԼܵǣΪˣ뿪ʱ۷ˡ
ɽҲҪһ
ãүˬ죡
ڤҹӦԼҲʹشӦ߻
ڶգĻصҵʱ򣬽үͽ͵ȺʱѯŽĵôһ¶ôڤҹ๫
ô˵
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣʹ˵ڻʱڤҹḶ́˵˺ڤҹ֮Ľס
ȥʱ䣬ȻȵڤҹĲһЩ֮󣬾ͻҸڰͻʱ̫Ӷɻˣǻ֮½Ҳʲôˡ
һʯüļƲߣĶðˣ
뿪Ͷ֮󣬺үȻᣬܱסܱסŮҸҲһõѡˡ
ڽ뿪֮ǰ½ҵ˽ġ
Ϊ˲޸㾹Ȼѡڤҹ
ͤУɵ½褰˫֮ɫжôŨˡ
ףԼȲڤҹֲӡ
ݱָڤҹ໹οԼһҸ
ô߼߼ǣҵͲͷ̫ӵ·ˣ๫ڵҡ
ˣҪˡ
ڤҹߵ̧࣬ɨȥڽķϵҶ
תˣҪഩһЩǡ
֪๫ˣ
½褣ڤҹ˳ʧڽǡ
УĽ뿪ǰΪŮˣΪ
ûлûý֮ԣûʮױ
ϣյţһ߿һ߳еĹӡ
Ѿ뿪˽ۿžҪı߾С
뽪ͬʱں֮ʱѩ׷ɣúܡ
ĶһոõĽǿеڤҹС
ϲԽ
ûԽˣů塣
ѹͲںڤҹǷϲԽڤҹûжֵ˼ɴһһ׵ιŽ
졣
ԡ
Сڤҹκ뽪йصĶ
ڤҹʮˣֲСӣ죡
ԡ
ڤҹɴͷȥ
Уҵģ
ķ룬ֱ뿪ʱһصϡ
ǳǺͽˮԼѡ
ڤҹ缲ηֵ˱߾޴䣬Ҫ߲ݵչˡ
ڤҹСôô󣡡
УĸɴסӲģڤҹֱӽˮȥڤҹǲ뷴Ϊ缲ĹϵȫӲĵزֻɽ۸
Źô
һˮȥŽ뽻˰Զ
Զ˿۸ӣЦ뿪ˡ
䣬δ˸Ҷү³Ƕһݶ
Ͳ֪ү˼ǳ˻ʲôýĳ
ѩϣ֨֨
ڣڰ֮ͣһҲص
վǰŰĽüͷ
ǲǳ֮⣬ûĸˣ
ô˴ˣǡ
ص֮һЩҩҲڤҹ缲֢״Ϊˣ·ڤҹܵĥһһ˽ġ
ˣӽ쿪ʼŮˣڤҹӡ
Ǻǣлл㡣
ڤҹһۣһĸо
֮ȻǱ˴صĴڣԲɶ񣬻СĽһЩȽϺá
ҹɫ֮䣬ƮѩҲúܡ
ڰŵʱ䣬ııյ˴ϳֻ֮ʲôûС
ɶ˼أ
Ļˣ˺Ѿûˣү˵ǿⷿԿףΪŮ˱Ҫһ
ڤҹѾľǹɹ
ľһǧٸţڤҹһǹģ
ˣ
ߣΪͻԹ۸ǽүŮƣ

1835 ˸ɵ¶

1835 ˸ɵ¶
ҹɫ׷ɵѩ֮䡣
Ųڽϣϻ˵˲࣬һЩС֮Ķ
ҹнϣѡܲ۷׷׵İۡ
֪ôүˣ
ļٵģ˵˽ôôˣ
ˣ
ǻмôˣһ˵үѽҺүСŮ°ˣ˸ɵ¶ô
СŮ˵үСô
ԶԣǽС㣬нģǲ֪Сɲˣүİԡ
ǱͻүɻȹЩӾͱҲ֪СܻãҪˣ

һһ˵ͽĵ飬ȫ֪վǽıˡ
ڤҹǸɹɻô
㻹򣬲̯ˣ
ܲ
һЩܲһЩ⣬Ⱥ̲ܲġ
һİ׷ֱζ˼㡣
˸ָܲԼһЩСˣ͵Ȼʱȴڤҹ֪ʱڷԣſӳ
ղΪ򾹲֪˵ĳ˳뻯
ԶҪǮʮӡ
ֱӰѲȫ£ԼߣʾڤҹҪԵĻ͸Ǯ
Զ
ǣү
ԶǮһƱ޴󣬿Ľֿ˻
Ϊ˵ЩǮɹ˰Ļʳѣ
꣬һ¡
ǮҲţԼһ뷹һܲҸòˡ
Ǹ㴵ҵҽȻûʦǳվʤ
ľţʦҽԼҽȻȲʦɳȴǸ߳һ
Ϊ
ǣͷһĲκò˵ɰӡ
Цţһߺڤҹ˵ʦͽ֮䷢Ȥ£һ֤߱ԼȻκڤҹʲôһ˵ȫǳ
壬嵽ҪԼԶ֡
ƾɶˢ룬û˵ˢ롣
ıʾܾϲǲϲˢ롣
Զ
ǣү
ԶֽһƱϣİ˫˼˰죬սƱ
Ǯķ¶ϣˢ
ˣΪȡ
Ҹô
ȣ
ҲԼϳ˶ĶûԹһ
ˢ룬й¹ҩ
Ҳ֪ǲ߳ëιҩޱȼѡ
ҩ
ιΪԡ
Լûô
æһĽıϢȴͨһʲôˤڵϵعͷͿڤҹڵϡ
ˣ׵ģ
ҧгݣķѾţ֮ڤҹ˳ϡ
죡

һһ׵ιҩڤҹôһһ׵ĺš
ҩ˫մҩݣڤҹ֫ӴٽҩЧա
ǲϱǷģ
Ȼ߻أܾԼڤҹһĵ飬һһû¶һӲŻ
˳һ֧Сɡ
СȷҪҳС
һĨթЦ⸡ڴǣĵˬĴӦڱС
ոսİԶǷ飬ɸһһûվסˤ˵ϣˤԹ졣
˭ĸ裬ôֱҪɱˣ
˻ĪҪڳˣΪӢš
ǿɲɣ๫ˣӵвӦĵᳪأշ๫
ĴǼթЦжôŨˣڿô֮֮úýѵһ¸ڵڤҹںˣҵ˷ӡ
ͨɣ
Զ챻ĵĸĥˣ뿪ˡ
գ͡ѩĿ쳣
Ž³۵ĽŰɫĺô멣׼ȥˣúóһԼ
ڤҹأ
һ糿ûڤҹ˵Ҫôôûأ˰ɣ
Ļүˣ֮ǰñְųȡ
ǣ˵Բá
Ų뿪ʱѩƮ
ڽܼѩм俪ʼѩĴء
˲гѡ߲ˣĲرĹ󣬵ࡣ
һЩ⣬㹽
ϳʲôڶȣĻ··һҸ꣬Ϣζ˲ըѿ
㣡
ǰһĶ飬վλϡ
Ҫȵʲôʱ򰡣
ӹ
ʱһģ˽Ŷӵ˶ǰֻһŽ»Ůӳǰߵ˵һλá
еĸ㶼
ƾʲôˣ
ƾʲôƾСǶ˼ҵǧЩԶ㣬ǼС·
ˣ
ĶĪǱĶۣ
Ĳ£˵ˣ˵ֲǽڽĻӦַӽЩˡ
绹ǰؼɡ
Ųӽ׼뿪ڴʱס˽ġ
ڱڸŮģùСװ㡣
ֱӴӽӣĶȫ˵ϣ㹽ȵĲ˶ɢһأš
ʲô
Ҫƿģֵһ˲䣬ץסֱۺݺݵһǹˤˤڵء
㾹ȻҴң֪˭
ţֱ۵ľʹǿվץסĵӡ
ŲŪ㡣
һ
ĵ£ҲϣǰѰ·

ʱû֣ҲЦţ˫ȵסһŤֻһ죬ͨŴλұۣ˫ֽǱĸж
ʦ˵ЩڴܹûκãҪҪҪ
Ӧңж˫ۣԴ
һص߲˺⣬۵ĺܡ
ϾǴǮ۳ģڤҹô꣬Ҳֻ²ˡ
ߣΧ˴򣡡
ڽг˿ȻŽ뿪ŭһ½ΧԲ׼뿪
԰˸û˿Ļ֮⣬ǵİڶŹؽڣǵЦ˱ɭɭ
һ˵ж԰ˣһһŮӴ˸ĸߴˣȻȫûдơ
ֻһһĺд˷Ļص֮䣬ȺеŮȴվԭأ˸ڵ޷
󵨣ȻҴ鸮ŮѺΡ

1836 

1836 
ıʿѺΡ
ѺĶһЩطĳֵʱһۻ಻
ıѺڵηУڷеɧţֻǵڵϱ˫Щ
ĸڵѺۣһŻĽġ
СѾͷ㷸ʲô¶
ˡ
˭
鸮
Ĵ˹ǷžȻ⣬㲻ڵѿǽ˯˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãһʱֻһʱ䣬ֱʱ˫۱㿴ڤҹԣһˮǳţ˽ĵһ衣
˺ˣȻй䡣
Ų豭һߺһ߰ڤҹһۡ
๫ɶʱģôң
Ϊ򿴷˯𣬲Ĵŷˡ
ڤҹеķ˶ʵʵıͣҴϢ˭ô֪Ǹղ˵Щ᲻ᱻүɱˡ
˿˼
˰ɣΪʱһЩ㡣
ڤҹƵ˽ǰһûԶĽܵ˸һһ̻ʳЩԼҭ
ԣһӶѣӷ˹Ǯп۳ɡ
֪ûġ
ʵ̫ˣҲһӣֱȫԹԵ汥˶ӡ
ŽĶ˵ģڤҹָ֣ɨȥĴǵĸҡ
˷ģΪһ÷˰װί
㲻ҪỹãŭͲһ
ĸֿ߱ıУҽԼ˵޹ǶְѱǶˣҲΣû뵽Ⱥӻץ
˵ɣЩǲ治𣬻˵ģʵӣ
úúãΪԷΪ
ŽظŵʱĻ棬ڤҹһĿŽģĳŮԺһЩ
ʱ鶭۴ŮվηѾ˼ʱֱŲƵĳڽǰ
һģۺŮڶһ¹˵ϣͷġ
үСŮ£¹һúýСŮճײ¹ٶȻ㹻Ʒϣ˲С˹СŮ仹СŹСŮһء
۵ʮ⣬Ӳ٣òһŮȻҪţ˵Ļ˵ֻҪ˵ϼûյ鶨Ȼ֮
ɶ֪ԼײľȻүӽ˲ͣˣæŮηһֱŲ
ڶҲµĿȫɪɪţ˵Ժֻ
˼ˣ
üͷ⸸Ůôһı飬ڤҹȻǴ˵еҲôֲɡ
ǴΪˡ
ڤҹַ̧ȥ˽Ķǰĳһٶöĵһڡ
˽֪үĺѪԣһԱСľԾͱնɱԼŮײ⡭
۲ֻϣܴдǶҽ֮֡
С£׵ľͺúúýǣҺý˱˰
˵һһ룬ĺһڲ裬˵°䡣
ԭǡ
ۡ
仰һѪЩ
Ҳʲô֮ͨˣô˵ǼҲŵıɲ⳥ٲˡ
թ
թ
Ц˫һ򦣬һû
ǣ¹ף¹һ⳥͵
ţаСһ£ȥٱ𾭵ʲôƽһ´˱ˣʬûܵġ
£ҪվϾǴΣζŲ˵Ҳ
ɾʱˣ˵ڤҹĻС
๫˼ˣ
Ϊɺá
ٺ٣ã
һڤҹĻУڤҹŽ뿪˴ΣڵϵĶ۳һ
ɴʱһҽصУ˷;ʤ⣬һŨҵѪζ۸Ů˵ᵽɤۡ
Զе̷ȫնɱֻΪЩ촦³
һߣصѾϵģϴ˸軻һϮɾ·Ŵڤҹε̾һ
ֿˣ
ްɼѣҪʲôȥ
ȥɣҪô
ıһȣȻʱ㹽⣬ζǲġ
ǸΪô
һȣڤҹֻʣȶɾ
˭˭ľҵģԼȶѡ
Եеţ
ˣô֪ұѺڴУ
ĺڤҹô֪ԼѺڴ棬ǽô
һԵԶһȲ裬뽪˵үڻʹʱ顣
үһҪ飬˵ţ˵˽ġ
ҲǴʱղɰعС̫˵˸㷻飬ǹڽֵһĻ
ûпүڵ֪˴ܵʱǽһż
˵ģԶδүɫս԰ĵоҲΪйκϵĲ֮˴ܣеɫ
ҪȻΪ̫˾ɼô
֪ΪʲôԶԽүעŮˣȻӵֲ̰ƣүĿġ
Դү֮󣬾Ҳûпү˭ˡ
ϣܳΪүмǸˡ
ģҸ󣬲¶ģȥ˯ˣ
ţΪ˵
ڤҹס˽ġ
ɶ¶Ҫô˵Ͳ˵ô
աΪһΪŮˣӦ֪
Ҫѣ
Ĳ¶ʱ͹ؽˣʱٽӴ˱ٽӴŪ˾֪ʱѿġ
ģһΪ򣬷ĪҪġ
ҵĸ񰡣㲡֮ʲôݻὪ
ʵһʼɣıԹѸݻȥڿûء
ˣͷȻֱʱ취ɣ
˻֣ת뿪
УڤҹĿڽĵϣһĨζЦ⸡ڴǡ
ա
ѩ׷ɣĽôۡ㱻ڤҹ˸š
ɶ
ȻΪ
ڤҹ֪Ļߣǰɰķˡ
ȥ˵ˣ纮ðһȾ˱˿ɾͲء
һǧ

1837 ڽǮ

1837 ڽǮ
ڤҹ֪Ըõİ취Ǯ
ȻڽǮ֮£ˡ
ǮķϣһҰ㡣
Ҳûл·ʹһϮˮɫĳȹźô멣ڤҹߡ
Ĺģǰҵ˵Ȣ޶Ҫ鷳úܡ
ǽã١
һص˻ʹ֮Ҹôڣһ˵ô죿
ĵһԼ˵˻᲻ᱻնʾڡ
ģ֪ݡ
ĻʵۣĻһľ
Ļͳ£ﵽʷΪʢķʢ
Ǿͺá
Ļڤҹ곤꣬ڤҹĸĸҲΪ˾ĻĻȻڤҹֵܣĻܵϻλҲڤҹ
˻ʹڤҹǣŽĵ֣һǰһѩ֮С
˿ү֮ĽʵΣֻж֪
˵Ϊʲôڿ
ڤҹߣܾΧŮ̫ǿԼ񣬾ڹͺһ
ڤҹɨһ۹Ů̫ǣˢһ˷׷תͷȥڹ
һ˻ʵۣҪҪעʲôʲô֮Ĵ
黢ڿľҲߣ˭֪᲻ΪԼһ仰ǵĻˣʱԼϳȥˣСͽ
˲£Ϊ򣡡
ڤҹͣΪȥѩ
аɣȻô˵ˣҲڵʲôˣ¶㿸ţ
Ů̫ǼǶ˽Զžһ۷׷
үѲү߾
ѵбôôˣĸŮүôҲֻˡ
ǽүС㣬ôүʶġ
˭֪Եֵ˾ʶ£ϽɻҪȻһԪùҪˡ
ĲδŮǵǣڤҹ˹ǰ
ֻ̫˵ˢˢˢ˽ĵϡ
ʵĻһʵĽһڤҹԳĻ
Լˣˡ
ȽĿ˵ʲôʾ⽪һ˫۶͵Ц⣬վڴеĶˣĵΪڤҹеˡ
Ѿ˽Ƹ͵˽үԺ㽫Լļҡ
лϡ
˵öĶ©Խ࣬ڵڤҹķޣ˵ΪãֵĵһЩ
УֻǵͷҡͷЦţҪô˵ǻлϵȵȵһֱվһЩá
ǰ³ĴӻóһҩڤҹĿС
֪ԼʲôУ£ͲֵַܰĴô
İڤҹһۣڲ£ֻڽ׶εڤҹҪķ񣬷ƵḶ́˷ô
ǣ˽ѵǣΪһһע⣬ĪҪǡ
ߣҸôүҾһԶ޵ĽСѾͷѡ
̾һǶҲ
ˣ÷ϻ
ڻʹһֱ֮ŻصҲ֪ǲǴĹϵʱȽĵһμһ˿˿˵Ϣ
ص֮֮󣬽ıֱӻصԼ˯˹ȥڤҹȥ鷿¡
ա
ѵ磬ŲȥˣͬʱҲһЩҩݡ
үӣЩ߲ˣҪʵġ
컹ܳԵʵ߲ʵף۸ȻǸߵס
˲ˣһվȥҩҩ߰˰˵ҩݶûеƷ࣬׼뿪
ڴʱһ˳˽˻бʧѪĸˣɫ԰׵ĺܣ¡ϵ亹ϵš
ҽʦȾҷˣȾҷˣ
ҩҽʦְ˽ŵĻ̌˺ãĺĿһ۱׼뿪˭֪ǰŸոżӭһȺ˽ײ˻ȥ
ҽʦأǼСүˣϽҽʦǼСүˣ
ҩҲҽݣҽֻҽʦҽʦںΪҽΡ
ǸѲۿžҪ徣Ȼ졣
˭뵽Ȼ嵽˺ӲĽҽʦ˳
ûǼСүôȸүˡ
λүǸΣаֲأүԵƬ̡
ҽʦһү飬ֻǲ˶ѣѰİˡ
˵ţҽʦתҪȥüΪ˽˭֪ȴһźݺݵϣһߵҽʦЩȥҪСҩͯĲ£Ǹվˡ
ϲģ֪ǼүʲôôǼүĺܣȺȵô
ô˵أ
ҩлбĲˣǶĵȺţͬʱҲǸƽͻȻֵһȺ˲޵л
ôأ˵ôˣǼүսүСӣȺܱô
ŶԭսүСӰֲأ
󣬷űһ£ײľϣһ˵˽ɡ
վֱô
ߵҽʦߣһҽʦҪһᣬҽʦʮǺòˡ
Ϊ˽ҽʦԼʦ˴ˣͷΪʦҸȴҽʦֹˡ
ǼΪ˽
ҽ߸ĸģû˱ҽʦ
û¶
ҽʦŽĵлƵվǰۣȻиߵ͹֣֮ǰʱƽȵġ
һδڣֱһ˹ڽļʱҽʦûڶŵóѡ
ĥĥģϽүˣãǽ˭Ҳ߳ҩ̣ӰǶɱˡ
˵ţʾ¹ţڳϵСүͽĵ£ĮĿһУƺһӵûκθϵ
Ϻǣô죬ҪɱˣҺú°
ķеĲӣüͷ˵
սүӦȻʺһսΪսүֻڽʱʹӵе֪սүԼӻȨ綼ꡣ
¾͸ӹȥվǰۡϣ
˵ĺݺݵһȭ۾ϣ漴һˤˤ˵ϣһһŴϡ
һΪҽʦߵġ
ˣϰĸ֪ôдôԼսһͿϹлǰӶǡ
꣡
һ𣬽ĸɴжұۡ
ǣ֪˭ôһ
Ǻǣ治˼ǰմгڤҹԽҳġ
Цţ˵ڤҹֵʱסˣתͷſԼϵŮ˲ǱˣүӣŮ˽ġ

1838 ѵ

1838  ѵ

Ϻǣ㻹ʶҰװ
ЦţǵЦޱȡ
ʵ֤ڤҹǾ൱֡
ݣҲ൱
ʱԶҩ֮Уһ֮󣬱ҩڽص
·ϣĻһЩճƷ
̫ˣҪװһ²źá
ΪĳЩˣǴڵһ֣ȴţĻɻһֲܱԹ
ԶսɶʱӵԣѹͲڤҹа
ĿսүСڤҹֵʱֻǳɲǵɻ󣬵ת˲ûκα飬Ҳ֪ɵˣˡ
̬̫˲ˬˣսҲԼӻȨĻԸˣǲս̫ˡ
ٺ٣үô
ֻ۾ڵģǾ仰еڤҹ˼
ⶼĸģǲǽˮˡ
ţ
İһһֻѷڰԶϡ
ˣҪһɣĶʵе̫ˡ
е̫ˣ̫̫ˣɿļƣƺûֵͣ˼
ôУҪǮûǮ
ְǮô
˵
ǺڰѹեԶ֮£ƷȻصʱѾˡ
߸߹ңż𡣡
ܾ̫ˣֵ׺֮󣬹Ȼ˼˼̻ȴҲζ
ÿɡ
ѡĶÿʲô
ڤҹһֻֻɽɽˮˮܿףֻ⻭еͼЩ
զˣͦÿġ
ҪǱˣûԼǮ
ϣ۹Ǿˣ
ļæµŵ׺һլԺַǷӡ
һԵİԶڵѪľĿŰԶʲô¶ˣôһĲɣ
Զ磬ôˣ
ľòã
Զתصľļϡ
Ȼã
ʲô¶ˣΪɶȥһˣԶ˾ͱˡ
ܲܽǮͷԲˡ
һΪүܿģװƷǮģʣһǮͷ
Զˣٺ»ߵġ
ٺ»иƨã֪綼ʲôô
һһУԶ˫ȭᶼ쭳ˡ
ôȰ˵ҵָǮɣһǻԼǮֿȥͲֵǮʵõ⡣
ͷͱƽȥˣֱʣһǮ
Ҳǲңû¶ǸأԲðԶӵġ
ֵܣĺֵܰ
գսԼСӵŵǸײ˽ĵѾսˡ
սŵǸʱĲûǼСƷ̯תơ
ĹƷʮ־ݷڿЩɽˮֻҪʵõĶࡣ
ԭĴаԶԼһСڼ˭֪ԶӾˣֻһľˡ
ûɶô
Ͳ֪˰ɣ
ҡҡͷůϸϸ˵˸ص˵һжΪүá
㿴ԽԽ䣬ϾҪٹһ¾ˣүηⶫó˲ǡ
ů÷ˮȻУڻУǷڱ涼ʮůġ
ڽĵϴ֮£ľʹóԼٺ»ůһʮԻһůůġ
֮ľûڲѡ
ûбҪˡ
ľҡҡͷĻסԼǮӣһ˵ʲôҲᱻƻǾԲóһǮõС⡣
Ͳ˰ɡ
ЦţֿʼϸĵĽ˵Сҵô
㿴ͭƵģܱܾõʱ䣬ΪŮ˵ȻҪÿһı԰ɣ컹˵óô죬ܹó棬߳϶ҧ
ǶһȺƤĴүǣЩ߳ϡ
ľεЦţ˵ʲôǲǮͶˡ
Ǻðɣ򣡡
ҲͭңľﻹЩССĵ⣬ΪԼס˽Ǯˡ
ⲻ֪һֻĿ˶ѣùһ㲻ʮ壬ľǮעҪΪ֮
ʱ򣬽ϣһʤƷض飬ľǶ˻һججĸ档
ľ˱飬Զ֪Ҳˡ
ѵܰ
ǰ̤ľԶߣһӱס˰Զ໵һ˳
ˣ綮Ҳ
Զ磬̫ˣ
߹ߵĽƲƲ죬ߣ
ϵʱ򣬽˻ĵϣҲһЩҩ
ڤҹҲ¶ô
һˣǵö˵һϴⶼˣôûӰӡ
ѾѰ͵˿ⷿսҲ˰Ǹ񡣡
ôôǮô
һᵽǮ˫۱˸ŹâкϼŸôЩǮӻһա
ѹû뵽ĳͰЩǮѺˡ
ԳԳԣһЩ㹽Щ㹽ҿҩݽ˺þãá
ҲԣŽշֲ˲ʵС⡣
ʱľͰԶ߽ĵУû˵һУ˶޳ˣɼյĹ⾰СѾͷûĥˡ
ҲСѾͷıˣһǴڵһ֣һǽһܱͣıƵزڤҹеŮˡ
ЩС¶ֻҪ๫ıɡ
ڤҹͽĳڵĻ⣬ŵľͰԶĶߴﹾĽš
ʱյԽүţд˽ʱ䷢顣
ʵʵ۵ûҽҵ鷳׵׵˳͢еıȨ̫ӡ
ۿؽĺؽ͵Ա֪꣬ԼȥĻһжᱩ¶ģΪ˲鷳Ҳֻ˼֮
ͬʱҲʶ˺ѣĶСܰ
Ҳǲʶ˵μ㻥࿴˳ۣںദУ˾ȻʼԷԸҲ˳Ϊ˺ѡ
๫ҳȥˣ
䣬Ҫעǡ
֪ˣ
һʧֵҰһʧӰľͰԶԼԴƱһȥҽСȥˡ
үܾýӿ񡭡

1839 ܰ

1839 ܰ
ǰԶֻÿһοڿʱĿ͸©飬͸ˡŮһ
ȻԶ֪ԼõݴʲʺϣʮС
Զµʱڿڤҹе鼮أǸֳһĨЦ⡣
Ҳжʱûȥһˡ
ǣְȥ
һߣ˽ĵѾӦˣŽָĳһ
СԺϰ䡣

׼ȥܰʱһӰڽ࣬Ҳ֪ǹȺĻǡɳֶѡ
ѽʱ䲻ְ˼֡
ĵ٩ڽ佫ҵˣǷһԲүǶлǷһȺУһӣȻҪ˵ǼҵĲүúÿ
ңýĶʼɵľ覵ļĽ
첻ˣʱǲǷʲô¶
ɶ¶ҿڤҹӣ˲ˣȥ˹һģ
Ļ˻֣תźԺȥ
뿪ĽĲδĿһֱעıӰ
ԶԶأԺһŮӵ
ǳûԷʹȫ
С㣬ճȺǲĶ֣
ĸº֣ǲҪԴˣֱСͷ
ܰУ
һԵĳǹģسܰ˹ȥܰ״ҲһԵ˫
׻˵һֳһǿһһգֳֳǹս˫ܰһʱ˴ʮغϡ
գһзֳʤ
˲ˣˣͲһң
ԴӺͽĴܿʼûӮʱ
ŶķˮӮˣֻ˵α
ͿܰıʣԲŲܰ
߰ȥ԰Ϸ
һᣬȥϴһ
ܰϲϷʵôϲκԼϸҲϲϷĿȾ֮Ҳȥ԰Ϸϰߡ
ϷڶΪҲеģ㾭ܰȥ԰Ϸ
԰ϰҲÿϷϳʱҪԤλãⲻСڳ԰
С㣬λ͸λˣ롣
ڿ¥ߵλϣһߺŲһϷ
Ϸ
Ļܰһһɴʱ˿ȴûܰ˵
תͷ˳ܰĿ⿴ȥֻĳŮĿŲԶλϵӡ
ˣе찡
ȷˣһʱ벻Բ
ư߹ΪƼҵһӡ
ܰôһ˵ʲôضư
ǰɣڽʱưڽү̡
̵ˣưϵǰڼư𣬵ʱԼһöֻڽţûд
ҼǰȥҼء
ʲôȥң˵˵
һ˵ư飬ܰǸСֺ֪ưһС
ҪҪôǽĶС㣬ֳһյģô
˭ˣ֮˽֮ҾϲӲа˵˵
ܰߴŽ˵һЩưϢüͷǰҲǲ̫ˡ
žǰҶ̵ʱư𣡡
˵Žǰưľ̵Ĺоưưŵлʱ̰棬ʱҲǷưϵÿȥҡһӣư㽫͸
ɣأʲôط
ڽҰһѣôʥּͻһ˷ܣ
Ĳ֪ʲô˼ܰ
ƼһöÿһŲͬԢ⣬Ȼ֪ưΪʲôҪģԶʱҲ塣
ܼǣôõĶȻһߣҪһúõĹ
ιιιô˵ҲǽĶС㣬עԼŮҵô̫ˣ
ĶŲ豭ǳһʱϷҲ۷壬һһȲţǮϸ̨
Ϸĺܰ¥׼ȥڶ¥ʱưһˡ
ܰǸһǾ񡭡ǣɴ۾գҲգĿư
ܰߡ
СѾͷʶô
ưס˼ȥĽģͣ½ŲŽ߽ư𣬴гһĨЦ⡣
ٺ٣ԭǰ磬ûһۻûϳ
ãҽܰСܰܰܰμա
̧ܰӲǵĿˮһСöԼżʱ©ı顣
С㡣
С㣬ܰУʶˣôɶ
ܰŽǰʾ˺þûˣԳԺȺһġ
ãĳ㹧ˡ
Ϊľ¥˵ںǰһյŮ˿ľ¥飬¥˼ת־͸¥
¥Ķǹʾò֮˵
һɽ亣ζϷɵĵܵӦоС
ǰȥû뵽СѾͷȻˡ
ưĿ⿴ŽģɫһĨįֻһĨɫصǡôûκ˲
Ҳƣ޸ڤҹܱȼ޸½ҪõĶɣ
ε̾һκεķѡ񱳾ѡ
ô඼ˣ
һΪ⣬ҲԵ֣԰̸ʱСѾͷͽС㡣
ǣǶԵء
ܰҲǼưģǰˣҲֻԶԶؿһư
һۣԴֻ֮ܰưӰӣжܲײˡ
Բ˺Ⱦƣ졣
ܰˬĶţ˹˵ƣƹѲûȿڱԼбȶˡ
СѾͷкúõر档
У͵Ķһֱúõıš
Ѷգ۾ĽĵԴʵϣʲôطˣӵĳ档
Ǿͺã֮зǳҪĶʲôΪѽ˵飬㽫󿪡
ţһúõıģл硣
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣҹɫֻǣư뿪˿ջҲ뿪ǣǼƵܰص˽
ӭӵƵε̾
Ƕֺȶô
һΡĺûκιϵ
ȻÿγȥȾƣһȴˣһξԲΪĹϵưܰǿԼĽ˲Żˡ

1840 ж

1840 ж
ܰȶˣΪƱҾƣΪưһʱ䲻ܿһһ¶ǣԲŻࡣ
˲źȶ˵ܰص˽ǲĽһ˻صԻ͡
ʱ䣬ɻϰߡ
Ƚ鳤꣬ΪĹӣԺյսŮĿеķѡ
Ȼδɻ飬Ҳ֪ûпеĹ˵һжûϵ
ֻںܰĵʱܰ˵һЩ飬ϲһŮΡ
ãĶЩ䡣
Ľ˽ϵĺô멣紵þ˲١
ĶˣֻҪعһ֮󣬱ǳˣʱůһЩ
Цţе;Ǵһ㣬ŽģĿ֮¶Ϊϵϲ֪ӦöԽС
ÿÿȻӰǲԾܼѹĵС
ɫ֮£һ·ͽĻصǰڤҹͰԶͶˡ
ڤҹĿͽĵϣŵ˽ϵľһ˫Ӽ
ô
һѣ˾ͺһЩûжȣ
æ֤ԼûжƣֻǺһ㣬Ϊ˵ģԻξƲմġ
๫ˡ
Ҳ֪Ϊɶļư¥˾ƣûȶֻ࣬Եĺ˼
Ϊǵľƺͷۡ
ڤҹ֣ǣŽĵתδ
վǰ𣬿ɻû˵ڣڤҹǣŽĵʧС

Զǰ赲Ŀ⡣
Щ飬Ҫ˵ĺãΪ˱ɲҪ鷳
ŮˣүΨһӣľٶүҲӰ죬֪
Զ־ھҪʲôͼɵӶܴп˶Ů˰Ľ֮顣
ˣȥڣ¹ص¹Ϊɱҡ֮С
û˵Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ʲôǱ˴ȴֲţգһʧеıӰת뿪
СʱľӰ˳б֤΢΢üͷ
ϲɣ
ľе㲻ףڰбһ·Ȼ֪ʲôʲô˽Ӵˡ
Ǹưڿʱ񶼺ر
е㲻ĵˣ˿ţ̰ƣСӻӣǼŮеĳëһư׿ĵ㣬˶ˣн̫½褡
ߣľ˼޷ɵ⣬һߣĽһһڤҹŽһС
ֱҹ̲סˣŻصԼСԺ˯˹ȥҲڤҹҪ˵ʲô
ա
𴲵ĽľǵĿΧԴۣ۵ÿҪըһ
ҲûȶپƣһƶѣΪʲôôۡ
ǿϴһͷ۵֢״ûɢȥԺе̨ϣãȻĿܡ
ôˡȥ
ľҪȥ鷿ү¶Ҫ˵ɸոտӰӣоʬûɶɫҪ
ɶ¶
ӣĿһľ
ү
֪ˣ
Ļһ㣬ĺߵ鷿鷿Уڤҹڿ飬ĵطе鼮
ɶ¶
ⶼһʱûΪʱƶͷ۵֢״ǿˡ
˵ɫܲ
ϹӶóɶ¶
ڵĽֻȥһҩȻúõ˯һκ˴š
زҪһλĵҽʦΪΡ
Ǯ
Ҳȥڤҹ˵һЩ߰лֱʶǮʲôʱ
ǮôȻ÷ϲһֻǷˡ
û¶ȥʰʰ
ͷͷۣǸ׬ǮҪ׬ġ
򵥵ʰһЩڤҹ˹һ·ϣеĽ˿ľϱĿʹ
ڤҹ֣޳ʳָذѹڽĵĶͷϣͨķʽΪ泩硣
Զظ˽岻ʣڽ
ڤҹĻһůһӿ˳ƿڤҹϣʾⰲԶûظ˾ͱ˷ʱˣ˵ͷ֢״ҲЩˡ
ǣ
˿֪ľʲô
֪
ҡҡͷ֪ǾƵֽʲôһʼֻ𣬿û뵽󾢶ô
ֻǺһ۵˴ʱ֪ܰʲô״̬
ˣʱ䶼Ƶĥ
ڤҹľŽưһЩ״֮Ҳмֺ棬СѾͷȻ͵һ̹ưʶߣύ
ҽĶ췢ģһƵĻҾ͡ҾͷԼӣ
ķŶģڷ˵ѾǺϿĳͷˡ
ãΪһԼල
ڤҹЦţָڽĶǰţֱ˻ʹǣ
֪ǲϰˣ˵Ϸ˿γȻÿһγǰʱڤҹǣŽµ֣ҲһʼıŤڵȻ
󹬡
ŮӰӳϣ¡ĸѾа˸µС
ŮӵĿڽĵϣŮԵĻҲˡ
Σ
ڸĽûлػüͷʾĻ͡
Ƭ֮󣬽ӱóһЩҩ裬ҩ֮ȵɢϣò
£ɳԹʲôɾĶô
˻
ĻŽ⻰ʲô˼ѲΪʳ⣿
ʳֽţ̥жзӽҲ˺̥
Ŀһƣ۵Ȼ̥ûʲôӰ죬ǶȴӰ켫
Σ
£һ˵
ĿһЩҩȷȥ
Ȼҩ󲻾ã˯˹ȥ
ˣ
ڤҹߵ࣬زŽĶǰĺˮ
һԵĻֻ֪һδߴŽΡ
رµĻڶصʴܵ˼ˣⶾرȻǲճʳ֮С
˵ŶضΣԼԴ⣬ĻԽɫԽ
Ȼ޵ƤӵȰ֮ʱ
ڻʵ黹ûбˣֻһˣǱǵʺսء

1841 еʧ

1841 еʧ
˽֪ʺսصԸŰ裬Ҷʼ
ϡ٣ΪʺʼɲкãȻҶ֣
ܺã
ܳŶã
Ŷã
գգ۾ĿĻɶ˼ѲڻԼҽ
·ģΣȻжЩƾҵҽСǲϵġ

ĻһεĿŽģתͷ˿ڤҹ޶һУֲڤҹϽģŮ˳ΪŮˣ
£ôˣ
һ⣬ѲԼ˵ʲôô
˲Ҳ֤ƺڤҹ뿪ʹ
ȥһ·ϣĶڿⱲӼÿŮˣû֮һ
صʱ򣬽һЩҩݣЩҩݶǸȥõҩҲ˺̥
ڽĸո׼ҩݵʱ򣬴ӹдجģˡ
סˣľŹѶ۲⡣
ˣЦʱǸռ
ܰ
Ȼжˣ
Ļү뿪ʹ󲻾ãߵĹŮͻȻд̣˲α㡭
Цذɰ
ܽĻǲţŸһʱô˾ûˡ
ֲ˭ô
үĻѾҳˣǹŮսʺš
ľ˵Źз飬֪ĵˣɱǻʺţҳһжǻʺΪ
Ҳǻʺָʾɱ˻ӡ
ţȥɡ
ڤҹЩĬĽģһǰ
ôˣ
ûʲô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ̧ͷ˿ڤҹɵӣȻеı
ֻЩףΪ˻Ⱥ֣ѵľͿһô
һΪʺ󣬵ΪĻ
ʺսһ壬սôϲȨУսҪģŻʺһҲᱻ͢
ˣȻΪӣ
Ȼҡ
ŸڿУȻζ
ԺٽˣҶоԼҲɱİס
ĪҪ𣬻鱾һ̶ˮֻԼġ
ڤҹ֪ıȻǽ鶼ϵһҲ֪Ҫʵǻʺ󣬶ǻ֡
Ҫʺһ嶼ɾ
ȥ˯ˣ
ûڤҹ⣬ķеĸ뿪鷿صԼСű˯˹ȥ
˯Уε¡𸹲ľŮնãȻվںϣ֮оʧ䡣
Ĳ֪ǰĺʲôӣһָоֻҪǰ¶ɢ
ʱһװŮӳںԱߣڶǰ
Ůߵǰʱһ£Ҫ˵ʲôջǽ˻ȥ
߰ɡ
ôŮˣŮ֮ʱͷһۡ
أ˵ʧڽ֮УҲξлصʵ
תۼ䣬Ѿ
ѵһ磬Ųȥ˵Ľ˵ŹڻʹзһЩ¡
սˣŶץʹҲѺ乬֮УԶ̤乬벽
ˣ·ҩ̵ʱҩ̵ס˽ģ˻ʾǰ
ϴζлˡҪǲĻȱɡ
ҩ̵ҽʦҲƹģϴζ˽ĳŽսһȺʹһ٣ҲǸ˰
ЩһֱҪŰлκҩ̵Ĳ̫࣬ûеʱǡ
һΡ
ҺȲ軹ҺȾˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĻв豭Ҳ˽еĳ֮ɫ
֪ʲôƵ飬ǲĻͺͷһģͷһ仰ܽ⿪еɻ󡣡
˿ϣЦţǿԼĵǱ㽫еĿһԵ³
֪ģҲʹһ̳ӻˮһȥˣͱɸɾĳ
ʦ̹ңҽҽߵıְǰƽȵģҾǾЩʧ䡣
ͷеƣͺ͵ͷһ
˵ԼʱľҲ罪һ㣬һһľˣȴˣ֮УΪ˾ǹƨȨ
ҲˣܾˣȴȲġ
ҽ߲ɣرıɣЩʲô߰˰˵ıԼȥǡ
Ҳǣãڱ˵飬Լȥ
һᣬĵࡣ
үӣҽЩͷ˰ɣ
ţЩͷˣഫҽǺܾúܾǰһ̫йء
̫ޣ̫໹ô
ĺǺ棬ѯΪ̫޵˼
¶һδ£֪Ҳпԭ֮£뵱һ¹нİݡ
˵ŽİݺͷĵĹ£ýζʱ䡣
ĴȥʱһĶ
Ȼأô
Ѳ·ĸ˾Ϊټ϶ر鲼һͷڷ˰׷۾Ҳ˺ɫѪѪġ
ϼ˵ŷĺͽİݵİ𣬺ڹ¶õĽ֣ǲ֮󣬶ڽ⿪еᣬһˡ
ľȻԭ½İݣҪҵĻ
Ϊĸеֵû˻˱˲˹ģ㽪İԼΣ˾ˡ
㻹СЩ鲻ֻܵһ档
һڽǰСѾͷеɫ˺ܶ࣬ǴЦҲǸ
үӣԺҪû¶ĻҾɡ
ϷòǽҽĵӣϷСݲ´𡣡
ϿòģȲ˵СѾͷ˵ҽݾηˣǿҽ߹ǿһĴڡ
ҽôˣʦһŮäΪɶүôʦ
£ǾηǾη
ҳƺҽŮäĹҲֻнһˣǿɲҽǰΣ֪ôġ
ηʦƷ֮˻Ҫηô
ÿÿʦҵָݵĴǣõġ
ΪɶΪʦǸäٵȴúͶʮŮһ㣬һˣ׷вţܰվеһƴ
ˣƭ޹еĸ飬һǹһأǵĶٴд顣
ʦŵڶû˸Ҵһ
˵гߵҽƷ

1842 ù

1842  ù
˵ҽɾͷһ
ʲô̶أòĲ˵ԷǮѾȱȽ顣
øݶɣʱԶڽںȲĶȴһһĴ˳
˭˵ҵĻ
һҿ˺ԼƵĶ֮ҲûбˣһԶĽģѾһԼäˡ
ѾͷΣ
Ұ¶ıǡ
ɱʾȫõģô˵ҲǽҽȻǰͷ˿Ȳϣɽ飬һ׵
ʦүܱܲѾͷѾͷĽң
Լĳƺһεı飬ô˵Ѿһٶˣ˽ѾͷЩŤ
ôһѣѾͷǳ㣬Сʱô
žƱһ۶ɣСʱôСѾͷô˱ô
Сʱɰ㲻ٿ٣ƫƫϡ
ʦүҶһٶˣСˣҵСӶŪɡ
֪ʦүûʲôۣԼһҲǺͶʦүѧϰģҽǺʦүѧģ˵ˣԼģͶʦү벻˸ϵ
ʦүСʱ֮ôäΪʦүˡ
ʦͽ룬һܡ
΢΢üͷֹ˶˵
ɣĵˣ
ǲֽܲĺڤҹֻ֮£ֻ⵽췣ѾǵھˣϣиԲĽ֡
ʦүģѾڽˣҺڤҹദĺ졣
֪ĵݣҲĵϲԼСͽܣȻ֪ԼͽĴߡ
ǲ֣ĺڤҹ֮κβԣҪԲöصޣ֪ô
İɶʦүҰ¶λıǣ磡
һһϵҲˣ
ʱԶڽĽĴҩ̻صϵһƽ˺ܶࡣ
Ժ󵫷ǻʼҵ֣ȵֻڤҹĲ֮󣬱뿪漸꣬ȻҸڻص
ʱܲҵɾɻ飬ͿԵˡ
ôģص㱻ڤҹ鷿
ɶ
鲻ô
ڤҹϵı仯֪Ϊһ¡
ûɶõģ¶ôû¶Ҫȥ㰾ҩˡ
˵ģĵ黹治ôۣȻϿһ黹Ƕٵӡ̬
ʱڤҹһóţϤԼýƬ̡
ּǵּ
үţ˿ɿһЩ
ǵô
һĴλվһƨϣżֽм͸˼
Уү֪ĲõĽҵһУ񽪼Ѿûκõļֵ̫ŽҵıȨǰĵڼֻһ
Ϥÿһ֣ۿ
ҪһʱܼۿҪˣȥ͵һꡣ
ۿеˮԽԽ࣬ھһ
ҵĻعΪһؽ̽ס
ڤҹ֣Ž۽ǵܡ
ָ䵭ı䣬̧ͷΪЦ
˰ɣһʱ䲻ߣҪúõһ壬κĲٻؽҲ١
˵жǼٵģĽС۵ڻС
ȥˡ
ܵţȻǿģСˡ
ڤҹ˵ŽƷ
һҩݣҩЧ缲вЧãǻʮֶ̣ʱȥһ˱ɽׯ
ãһж˵ġ
ڤҹֻЦţг谮֮ʮ㣬˿˾һԶķޣôá
Դ֮үЦ࣬ǰһ궼ѿүЦһأÿ춼ܿүĵЦݡ
ҹɫ֮䡣
ĻصԼ˯УһĻĻֵĻصǰİһʶĸо
еĻһƬ֮ɫһ˲䣬ǺɫʧĵȻ޴棬ȡ֮һƬ˼ĳÿһ˶˻ҽʧ֮䣬ǣһ˵֣޾İɫʯ֮ϡ
âﵽʢһ̣濪ʼҪԼǣŵ˵˭ɾǿ˳ʲôģ
ǣ˺ѷεıȴϵɢһˮ۽ǵ˯ĽĻ˫ۣһҹΣеĳµϢͬҲ˵˹¼š
ΣվΣһΪϽǸ£ԲŻǧٹֵξ
ԽԽˣҲǴδйڴؿһЩ
Զ
֪ʱڰԶߵĽЦǽһɰԶȴǽֱ壬Ͳ
ɶ¶
ҲʲôҪ飬㿴ŲǿҪôأΪŮˣǰǸģҲܣˣҪֵģ˵Բԣ
Ȼ
ԶſˮȴŽĽҪ˵Ļֱ߰Զδ˵ڵĻҪǰ
ʵϣԶǰ̫ˡ
ڽǿҪԼĥӲв֮£װľһЩ𱣻ڤҹİڽĵȥϳ䵱˹Ľɫ

Ҳϲ죬򣡡
ö򣡡
ԣˣ
ĿظĴ࣬ȻһЩټҪ׺װΣֳӦеζ
ˣҲþûлˣ
Ҫʲô
Ǳܵһ£֪ԼҪɶ۶ӡ
һʱ䣬Ǹڽ֣оѾԼˡ
ǽϺպĸ֣ǴڻʹϸѡǿߣһȺүǾȻܸһŮӣǲҲš
뿪ǻ޾ɵĻģ⻹û棬ڶ콪ִһƺƵ뿪ˣҽǴ˳µꡣ
µϰڿһȺڵĴүǳֵʱ򣬻ΪҪҵ꣬һͣˣҪ·
ҪһƣҪķ񡣡
һ仰£һз׷;ʤõԤС
ѡһЩʽ
©˵Żϲ졣
ָָ֮һ壬µϰǮʾڽƷ
ţһоͰϰˣ࣡
࣬࣡
ûпѡʲô·һɲõԤԽԽŨҡ
ֱ֮ǻһϮѡ

1843 ҪɩӸö

1843 ҪɩӸö
Զ
ľЦֲЦ
ǰԶһϮɫ·ľԼÿһźɫװ
֪ģΪǼӭȢء
Цɶ
һԹı飬Զж˺ô
ѾǱڰүķӦ˺üΣүһ仰˸˱ɡ
Ǹˣǿ챻ˡ
죬ĲڼвҪõĶ
ʱһ˻ͷմȾѪ𼱻ǵܵǰ
ˣˣ˴ˣ
򵥵˵һ£үڻʹ£һ˴ˣߣһԵĳ˳ȥ
ʮ·ڣһɫͷҲմȾ˺ɫ
վڽĶһȫѪǽһңǱһ˴ġ
ܣӵţ
ž͵ţ㲻ɣײ㻹ˡ
ָ֣ǰϵˣҪʱ־ӵĻӾҪ̤֮ҲΪŵˡ
Щϵ˷֪ܾԭԼϣһҪǮ
̵ȣ
ϵĺɫѪһȾֵĺɫϣɸոոǲ֪飬ΪԼͷѪ໵һɤӳȥ
****ȻҶѾȥɣ
ֵǣ˴ӵģ
бˣŪ㣡
һȺʮϲɫװХȭͷһȭһȭĺݺݵشڶԼϣһȭȭݾ䣬ҪΪı𣬻˳ʱ伷ѹԹȫй
һȺ˶ɱˣȲ˵Ů˵˵ȺͻȻֵĴүǣʲô̼һ˵Ļᣬһٱ
ͱĽѵһεĹӸֱһ٣ǽһҾ御
ֱľͰԶףҲ˽ϵǺɫϣѪһ
ûˣ
ûаϵϣûǮҽʱǮˣ̯ӸҸˡ
˵ţĴӰԶǮҲжǮȫ̯С
˼ղŴ̫ңͰ̯Ӹˡ
ҸշǮ
ԶҪŮϰûǮûǮʱѾˡ
ᰡ
찡շǮôûˣԺɶ
үǿ޸ɶǮѡ
ĲᰲԶǰߵԱߣЩҹӸļݳűѾûɶεһȺӸ磬Ц
˵ǲţº˰ɣֱһ٣Ǹ˭ԣ㣡
ָűһӸ磬ǻҵĹӣǰȺ˵ݶǷǸһˡ
ȥǵ˵ǰˣ׼οƷɣ
²թһʱ
ߣǴظ
һЦһʧǰֻʣ±ĲĹӸ׷׼ӻԼС
ϵʱʲô飬ʲôүʲôذȵȵĹԱԼҶϴȻȺӸٱĴһٺٴαһ٣Ȼؼҵʱֱǵĵһ١
һỹһţ˭ãƫƫ
ǺǰһĻ
Уڤҹλϣһ紵͵̬ڤҹĻС
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˵װϵڶû˸ŵһ
һڵŵǸĹԱǣݳ˽δ֮ʱᣬֳ˼һغһʱĽŻ档
ˣκβ⣬ΪȻᡣ
ڹԱһ⻰һȥĶŵ亹ð׷ԭǸ֮ĽǮý
ȺĹӸȴԹʮ㣬Ů˸ûκ˺ôװġ
ǹٳôῴľǹթΣĽүŭˣ˵ԼҶӲˣԼҼ嶼ܱ
๫˼Һܣûиһˡ
һƷתͷȥʱ̲סһȣЦǽһթ
ڤҹСŮϲı飬еɫǳ硣
ڣڹԱǸֵǸǾͲѳǰ£ƹˣŷȥ
뿪ĹԱǱʪһƬԼҲ
һߣָӶǽ鱦Ҫӻʲôʱ
ãҵģҵģҵģãҵģ
ķ鱦ڤҹһ֣͸Լʮ֡
л˻ǵΪ򡣡
˵һҵһģ˭˭
ûޣǸˣϲЩĶɫÿˡ
ˣթĹ
ԶĴָŽĵݼԼթֶΣȴ⵽˽ĵİۡ
⺢զ˵أʲôթôܽթأⶼƾǮ
ľǮթȫͬĸ˵ˣǿǾЩˣõֶЩˣǮõİãҲǾοѡ
ٺ١
ԽһӵĽ鱦Խǻϲ
ھ˼ʮ·¥һս󣬽׳ˡ
ڻ壬һ仰˭ҲҪǽģҪȻ֪ôġ
๫ӸСȵȼĶƵߣһ仰һǽĲˡ
ɶˣôô㣿
԰λãܰһŹһ߿ƵߵĹӵܣǵǸ˺ʲôþԼ书öҸҲڳ͢ΧۣҲĸˣҲֵ
񣬱þڼĵʱôèһ
Ҵ
ĵĿһ۱þڵλã˵ǰ췢¶
ôû뵽뿪⼸죬඼ô¶
ԴܰƵĵڶ죬㽫ܰ͵¹ȥѧؽƣֱ֤ܰԲȾ֮Żص඼ȲŽ԰Ϸ
ǳϦҹˣģҪҪ
ҿȥϦЦûô
Źӣ
Ҳǣ쿴ô裬Ҷ㶼ɻˡ
ͱر𣬱·˵ҪУǻõ˷еĺܡ
۽ģһûв˵ֺˬӺθڣҪǸǵĻͰѽĸ°ˡ
ҸҪãͿɩˡ

1844 ʦŮ

1844 ʦŮ
Ϲ˵ʲô
զϹһôҪɩӰȥˡ
ܰõĻ棬ĵ磬ĻΪԼɩҲ˵׼ء
԰ϷѾˣ˸ԻصԼС
ԶԶأĿ鷿ţɵû΢š
ˣ
Ŷ룬ǰڴڤҹź߷һԡ
˻ˡ
ģڤҹǸֳһĨЦ⣬ϰԵķĶǰĳ
Ҳû㣬վһϵı
Ҳ˵ôʱ䲻ܷҪúõ
ĻеĹУڤҹǵЦŨҡ
һźΪȥϢ
Ҳô˵ڤҹ岻˲ͣҼȻӦҪκ㣬ҲҪúõҲǡ
ĺ˵ţԼŬ׷ѣҲ뿴ڤҹԼ塣
ã˵ʲôʲôΪ֤һΡ
˯
ǣڤҹֱ֣ڤҹصԼķ䡣
ںİԶľ۾ɵôģѲүҪ¶ˡ
ôţˡ
ڵСԺܴ󣬷ҲҺҡ
ӽ쿪ʼ˯ңʲôʱϢʲôʱڻ鷿˯
˿Ϊͬ˯һŴ
ҾһŴڤҹеЦ⵽˽ĺͨۡ
˯ĳΣල㣡
£뿪˷䣬Ȼʱжһҩࡣ
˯ǰˣҹԵ֢״ܻࡣ
ΪҪιźȡ
ʼգڤҹδ˵һ֣֮иǳ˳ζ
ǮҾι㡣
һҪǸǮιı飬붺һڤҹ˭֪ȻĴӻóһöӣֱӴ˽ĵϡ
ɹ
磬Ҿ˵˵ˣǲЩ̫ˣ
㽪ķѾһҪժӣôʹ޷ժ
ڤҹЦ˷ýľԼһ
ЦЦЦЦʲôЦԼȣȥ˯ˣ
ڤҹһۣת뿪ҡ
ա
ǿĵ񶼲һˣĽıëģȻľͰԶ֪Լү֮ɶû˶֪Ƕϣܾ컳үá
ǳϦ糿ľͿʼæţϾĶ벻ֻһĸġ
Ƕĸǰӡ
Ҫ֪ɶǸ֣Ҫôǽպյľ֣ҪôǴڸ֣֮书֡
ϵΧȹߣӣĺ棬ߦƤߦƤڶĶڶ
Уڤҹе˶Էֹæµš
ǲǱǲǱҪԸô
ڶģǲǰɲ˰Ҳ˺ˣ
ɶ
ĴڶоһݣľĴָ
ҵһĲݣҲţ
ĸ²۵Ķˣ
ɱˣǷַӵ飬ǰ¶Ǵûɹô
硭ҽˣλһվš
һʱʱ䣬ûκνȣ֮ĳŪ߰㡣
ΣֻԼһæ棬ڶߦƤӣæµһ硣
ϣİѽ¹ӵڣľԶһ˶ſڣĿţˮҪˡ
ӹг̽ӣĶŽ뿪˳뿪֮ʱľһۡ
ԽԼ󣬳˰ѳɨɾ
л
໵һȹĳȥҲſڡ
𼷱𼷣ܳϣûԹô
ľͰԶӣһ綼ڳǸǰӣʮĽӣǴûԹôóԵĽӡ
һֱҲûϢֵʱ򼸸ֵܾһȿСơ
ԶľһӣСñͱײһ𣬶һЦ
ûԹˡ
ӾԣȴǶʮһγԵ
һǹŵѪԴ֮һжòһˣǸоԼһˣˣһûиɱ¾ʿ
һһĽӳǳԵǽһ㡣
鷿УĶ̽ӷڤҹǰ
Խӣ֪㲻ϲԽҷĽ
ûûεЦţڤҹһҧȥʱ齪죬ǹЦ
ƭģ֪ҪĸֻǸ˽
ǹģڤҹò͵ϰߣҲ֪ǸӣԲŻôһĻ
˵Ƥ
üͷڤҹϲԽȴǽǽĽӳȥ
㲻ǲϲԽô
ΪΪ׼ĽӣΪܲԹ⡣
ڤҹĻýƲƲ졣
ǰôûô˵ϽԣһˣǸʲôҪҪȵСƣ׻˵úãӾ;ԽԽС
ҲڤҹڣĴһԵʳó̺õľˮ
ٺ٣һ㣬С顣
Լڤҹֱһƣһڱ㽫ˮ¶ǣ˲䣬ĸоֻǣζޱȡ
þƣ
ڤҹҲƱǳһڡ
ȷʵǺþƣǳϦҹΪݷһء
ĳϦ뽪ͬڳϦһֻԽӣȵһǷḻĴͣꡣ
һȥĲ֪һƣҲͷʼ˵ڽʱ顣
Ŀ骸ʱڤҹ΢΢˽ü
骣ǽϼĳӡ
ԣСʱһμ骸磬;¼ôôӣһҪ޸
˵˵ţƲ
ڤҹҸ˵֪ô骸ȻΪǸˣ˵ֻҵֵܣûаŮ˽顣
һ磬۵һ˳ǿĳͷȴݺݵľܾˣΪǸӡ
ҲŮװôȻʱûãҲǸ˶
˵ţָԼһƣ²ԼһʧҲǶ˶ҵİʷ
ʱ;ˣһҪΪ¼ǣҵ֣ö
˸ö˵ԼСʱĺΰƻ
ܾҷģ־Ҫһ˾ĵŮˣû뵽ΰԸ̥УΪʦɣһɫƷˢ۵Ůˡ
Ҹ˵ʦѧϰҽ⼸꣬ڰһʱ⡣
²СʱΣֿʼ²ɡ
ڱУɿһòǻ۲ѧȵǧеۼһĽҽӣڽУɾǸŮ

1845 

1845   
֣߹еͬĴڡ
ڽУȴȫ෴
òϣɵҽ߳׹ǣԽ磬ǣôڶϰҽͬʱȫˢ֪
һˬ죬Ըд֣ȫ֪ԼĴʲôӰ
ԹԹĻǺʦģھ͸ʦ񣬵ȻʦĻУϰ߾ʦһҲı䲻ˡ
һʱ䣬ĶںڤҹԼڽЩ¶ǻϲǳСЦ
ȻȶˣԼôᵽ˯ŵġ
ȽʱѾǵڶˡ
군ˣ
һҪԷḻĴ̤ͣ˯ͷ˿ô찡
æ𴲣ȥˣڤҹһ糿ʵ۱㽫ڤҹ繬УʲôҪ鷢ˡ
ңҲ֪ʱʲôʱпϣҲա
֣
İ׼ĺַǣеǮһ©˼ı顣
ǣǾȻõ˻ͷǮ
ʲô飬ҪҪû
飬֣
лģ涼Ǻɫĺһ顣
һʱ䣬ĵúܣҲˣڤҹĻʱɣǵһ磬ҲӰ
Ǽô
ܰ⴫ͷŮ
ܰôˣ
ٺ٣
ܰٺٵЦţŽ֡
֣
Ȼܰͽĵ࣬ǱϾڤҹܰҪһȻġ
ҶӰ
ô˵ĻǴԱóһ͸ܰ
Ϻǣ̫߳ˣô
ܰ򿪺ʱ򣬿һʮƱһŵСŮôô
ҪҪҪң
ȥˣҪȥһ˵ߣҵȥһõط
ܰŽ뿪УĴܰеֹ֪䣬ݶֹ̫ӴȨλܱ߹
ԣһʱ򣬻ʵ۱㽫ڤҹ˷׷׽нʹУ֮¡
ֲãҪȥ
ȵ˵طٸҲ٣ڸûоϲˡ
ܰЦţţԼʱʱ䣬ǵһԺ
ԶԶأԺлصһȮ͵

ԣһĹ
ܰŽ³ţ˿ţĶСæÿһ·л˵ּ黰
С֣
ֿ֣ô
ܰҿԺпƣһֽɫĳëеƷ֣Ӧ򷬰Ȯ࣬úǿɰҪǴ
ܰҲȥ꿴ƣƴ͹Ҫǰڹ˺ƷֲǱȵСʱֻ
ÿɰ
ŮͶԿɰĶûеֿοôһѿɰС
ĺܰڵϣڸСι̡
Ҫһֻô
룬
ܽĺһֻɰСǲܣڤҹܽӴܶණодëĶ˺
Ϊү
ǰɣҽκ๫Ҳһֽѡ
˵Ľ뿪صֻܰ
ȻˣҾͱֻСˣҪϲĻһ𶺹
ܰһֻһС֮ʱ˸ܰСʮֵĴĶֻҪϼͻˣܴҪĵĽ̵
ܰС뽪뿪Ժ䣬εڽϣ³һĴûжˣеӪҵ԰ϰ˶˴к
λҪȥİ
еߣϰҪʲôȥ
԰ϰɫЩţͷһ亹£ܰһ䡣
Ҳλ԰¹ˣҩ̵ҽʦڣҲֻȥԶһЩҩȥҽʦͲ֪³һҽʦڲڡ
¹ôˣ
˭Ҳ֪һ糿һֱ£ˮ³ˣڵǽһҡ
¹԰ĽǶ֮һĺܰǼģƾǳ̫ãһֱ԰泪ϷҪӭȢ£Ҳֻһѡ
ҪȥɣҲѧҽ
ԶԶԣǸҽһֻ¹ġ
ܰƼģҽĵҽ컨׹
£Ҳֻøϰ԰
ǰŸһ̤¹ķ䣬ŵһŨҵҩζʮִ̱ǣ΢΢üܰ׼뷿ʱ򣬽һѾסܰ·
㲻׼ȥ
Ϊɶ
ֹܰ뷿䣬Լ뷿ʱҲڿڱǴմˮʪɼˣζɴ̱ǡ
ϣţ˫ۿնȥͶһ
״ٶס£þȫ̧˷䡣
Ȼֻж̶̵Ƭ̣ɵĳʱæժϵʪӽβʳ˸⡣
ҹƣ֮пո˺þã԰·ϳһЩ㣬Ĳ㶼˳ЩϵĽҲ˸ɸɾ
ôˣң
ϰɱˣŵȶˣô¶
Ҫʲô԰ԴҲⲻģ
ģЩô
ܰŽĵĺ󱳣ֶһˮô¶ôȥʮϢʱ䣬ͱģ
θʳȫ¹ˣžһЩ
һٺֽͣͱ
ܰǲסϰҪֽʣд˼ҩݡ
ܰҩץҩ
ã
ܰҲʲôת뿪԰ȻʱѾСʱ֮ˣѽ԰㿴Ľ԰Χһ㲼ƴճɵļ״ϣ棬ˮķӿš
ҩˣ
ʱҩˣһľͰҩݣĺܰ²ԡͰУҩҺȫʣǵÿһëס
жҩô
У
԰Ůҩͷֱӽҩȥɬҩ֭ӵÿһ񾭣ҩ¶ǣ³һ
ʼվһԵܰ۾ɵôģСǰѯŽһеô¶
¹ķ˶ֶֻŮЧԣǶǹƶ
һóذףָ䣬ָѪڵϴӺɫ˺ɫýĳ׵׵ķ
ƶǴɣôйƶ
ܰ⣬ƶǽɣʩйƶᱻɱͷġ
԰ôйƶΪҪ¹

1846 ֳ

1846  ֳ
ܰ⣬ĸôһ¶
ǰʦȥһɽаݷùƶĸ֣нҲڵһʱƶĴڡ
ڹƶôģ԰ϰ飬޹ء
ϣһǸˣ
ϰһЩߡ
¹ҩԡĹƶǸ䲻ˡ
Ļվ֪ϰҪע飬еĹƶȻֻ̣ҪҵķӦԱɡ
л֮л֮ûĻǼ¾ûˣ
ϰ弤ЩĹ¿԰ĽǶŹ׷ŮˣǽǶ¶ˣ԰Ҳÿȥˡ
⣬ôϰ֮ҲͬŮȻĿ³¶
ް͵С
ҪȵģҲ١
һҩԡɫ԰׵£ĺܰ뿪԰
˭ôĵӣȻʹùƶ
ϰ֪¶Ǿͱˡ
Ŀһܰܰ˵ͷЩ¶Ҳȥܣұǣ޹֮˾С
ˣʱʹٰһʢᣬϷӣ԰һ˵֮᲻ʲô
Ϲġ
һܰ˳н
ȵʱѾǰˣڤҹûлֹε¶СҲ֪᲻ܵ
ҹɫ٣һ˴ѩ
׷꣬һճɵĺͷֻڤҹûлһζȣȣˣֱ˰ҹ˻ûл
Ϣɣүڹֹ顣
Ȱ˵ŽȥϢʱľĻص
²ˣүȥˣ
ľһ仰ýĲһվ˵ľ˹
ʹãΪֹ飬еЩ
鷿Уһ̫ҽڤҹ
үΣ
رµĻүȻת࣬ΪһЩδ֪ԭ˻ԣϳһᾡεģ
ÿ
ʱĳǰƿ̫ҽֱԵڤҹ
ųɫЩ԰׵ڤҹŭ𲻴һ
ڤҹúøһˣ롣
Ѿǧ׶βҪķҩĹؼʱ̣ڤҹѹͲ¶˰ɣԹȥ˰ɣ
ʩķʽ̫ˣ
̫ҽҪֹģʩķʽȷ˵үġ
㿴ʲôı
һһڤҹѨλϣԶԶȥͺʹһҲֻƵֶΣΪ֮
վһԵİԶԼү֪ǹģȴʲô˵
ʱԵڤҹ˹˫۵һۿ˱ǽģǸֳһĨЦ⡣
ˡ
ͷ¶ûꡣ

鷿ڻصŽŭ˿˿ֽĿүϣ˸Ҷүô˵Ǽʶˡ
ΪΪ֪ˣ˿ƹΪһء
ˣǺǣүûүܴôңѹͲӦķľ㣬һǸǸҴˣүû
˫ֶżŭŨҡ
Ȼ֪鷿һ̫ҽԱǰ÷𣬿̲ס
ǧ뿪ʱѾ֪ڤҹԣ򲻿ķԺƻָ谭
ǲ˰ɣԹȥ˰ɣ
ˣΪ֪ˣΪӦˣû´Ρ
ڤҹǵЦᣬؽĵУȫûΪүΪս֮ʱɱϰеֻһɷΪֺʱĳ硣
˵ǲǿˣүô
үǿ˭ˬɱ˭ôզ˸̬ȣ
ڤҹ˸̬ȣǶԽ˾ǲһ
ĪҪˣΪˣԷȡ
ͷ
Ƿ˲ĻҪΪͷȥã
Բۣ
仰ʱϵʵĻеһ̫ҽµ˲ˮС̫СŮһ۾Բ˲ԼǰģԼġ
ڤҹ仰ҲýЦ
ЦˣԭΪô
ߣԭ㻹أľ֪¶֮ⲻ׼
˼䣬׼ȥ
Ҫʲôȥ
㲻Ҫô˷ʱ䣡
۶ӻ뿪ˣȥķŷ
ˣŽô
顣
ڤҹͽĶһһͣʼ͸Ĺ
ԣүӽġ
ڿôҲϱ
ʵǸ㲻үôġ

1847 ˽ѵ

1847 ˽ѵ
ʹڣչڤҹ鷿еֻĬĬŶ
֪֡ʲôݴӹŷᾢ
үˣԣ׼ȷ˵үǸүǶԽĵ̬ȱˣһǲʶˡ
Ҫ֪үڤҹһѪɱ˲գ۵ĶħȻǵүûкùӳԡ
ǰԽݵˣ˿г֮Ϊү
֮Ĳ𣬲һĴ
ǧҲʳڣұֳκβүһᣬ˱оһ㡣
ĻڤҹеЦ⣬ΪֳȻΪڤҹеģ˽ĺڤҹ֮Ĺϵ
ǵģ
һʼĻ֪ԭ޸ڤҹһĻһĻ漫ΪгȻ֮໥ľҲһû¶
ڤҹпеУǰô¶䡣
죡
ˣΪۡ
ۣǺǣҿûүҡ
һЩȺ࣬Ҩһവ˲ιڤҹߣԹĻص鷿ڡ
үҪңӦðʱϢʡĲٷΡ
˽ѵǡ
ԹڤҹڤҹĳŴ⻭濴˺ǱŤ
ʶүģҪȻһΪǰڤҹǼٵġ
һһڽĵǿͶʳ£ڤҹɨ⣬һɴҲŽι극Ȼڼһ±߹֮¡
˭֪óĴӣǵ͸ү
̸ǵģңҲھˡ
ĸڤҹģ˻һϵıôˡ
ǽҪ۵Ŀǹ£Ǿ»ܣڳô¶˵˽˻ãǽүСŮ
ްڱ߹֮£Ѿ˶Բߡ
ڤҹ˵Ž߹֮µһЩӣȫȻӸڤҹģʱʱ䣬߹ս۳˽Ҳչ
˰ɡ
У
˸ǷкỨ˿鷿еһɴ󳼣Ŀһ󳼵ϡ
ڿʲô
ڤҹĿ˳Žĵ߿ȥҲ꽫˫еĺЩû꽫
ŴүͶĿ⣬꽫ϱ鲼Ŷ֮⡣
ΪɶԼүԼ
Ŀ꽫Ŀĺܼ򵥣Ǯ
λˣǲпԵ֢״ܾĵطǺҹܻᱻجξѡ
˵ÿһ֢Ӧ꽫һ֢״
ǰô֪
λңú˵һ˵
ߵ꽫ߣִϣȻԤһ
ǱûйĻ꽫ⲡдˣÿһʹ󶼻ۻͷηģԲԣ
ԶԶԣ̫ˣҽ׵ʲô
꽫Ǹӣսⲻˣټһ֢״ͺͽ˵һǺ˽һĻ
鷿Уĸ꽫ΧһڳΧۼŽ꽫ѧλУǰһ˵Щ꽫ЩóǺ
ҽҽΪҽߣɷүĲ״δúã֮˲ñ㽫үκˡ
ټ꽫һĻҲ˽ĵҽε߳
λĪҪżλ˶Ķ֮ţ±ȻĿλزΣɣҪ׼ĻձȺλˣΪλβ
İһ׸ĻĻһ£תͷ˿ڤҹڤҹεҡҡͷ
ðɣ׼ˡ
ĻеţЦڤҹ뿴Ѿͷܷ赽ֵز
գ
𴲣һȽ֣صŲš
˭֪糿磬˵ˣǸû
զ¶ȻǶ죬ҲûҪô尡
ҪҪȻȥϢһ£˺üʱˡ
ľѰŽĵĿ⿴һ⣬ЩǲˣҲ̤벽
̾һѲǮļƻûʼҪ̥ô
תĵıӰǹ¼š
£ľŽʧеӰǲ⣬ΪɶɢƵϢء
үôˣ
鷿УľǲԼүһȺûԼôⲻø徻
ڿڤҹе鼮һԺһƵѩ˵Ľģ޳ָûн
ľȻģλ븮ɡ
ǣү
ľȻ֪үеʲô˼ʱʱ䣬һһǰյ꽫и󳼣Ҳǿ
һʮվǰݺݵſˮһ̤еĵ
˲ˣ˵Ļǽģ꽫˵һڹԱڽĵоһȽŵĽԪһ
˵Ȼ꽫ǲԸ̤˵˵ҽ˵ãԤеĻҪЩ
鷳ˣϷ򿴿ʲô֢״⼸ʱϷܾ˯ǳһ紵ݶͱѡ
ϷϷ֪Ϊʲôÿÿʱ;ȫޱȣ˻ģԽˡ
żżż
ΪһһŲ˵ÿһ˵Ĳ֢ԼӦԵķӣæ˰ҹŽ꽫ˡ
Ȼûһһţųߵ㣬ѴѵĽ鱦һ糱ˮһӿġ
ү鿴ܺá
ڤҹûлشԶ⣬ŽǿĵС飬ҲŸˡ
ڤҹ˯ˡ
ˣˡ
Դӽĺڤҹ˯һԺ֮ÿϽĶһڤҹ˯
ʱ䣬ԱǶСĳҶŸָƷԼɶѳɶѵĽǮеԼ
ϾҲʲô˶ģҪǰԤԼ֮󷽿ɡ
˵һ죬Ժྐྵӣһһͯ˽ǰڤҹӭߵݲ򵥡
׿ϣˡ
үˣϷһСӡ
һŹչһǣккźƯ۾ļһɳͬ˵ĳ졣

1848 Ԫ

1848 Ԫ
׿Զү
׿ԶСкŽĺڤҹ
ÿɰĺӡ
ɰĶ˻ʲôĶҪһڤҹֹˡ
һôˣ
ŮбǱŮˡ
ڤҹӽˮô
İһڤҹвɣһĺӶѣʲô硣
Žĺڤҹ֮ľٶ׿ҲƬ̣ĿĿ˿ڤҹЦ
ϲү
һĪĹϲýͷԣ˵ôô
׿ϣȫ׿ƣԪϣҲȻ֮ʱ󽫾
׿ƵĴ˵ǳݾ׿ϣ߹֮㶼Ὣ׿ϵŬĿꡣ
żʮǰ䣬׿Ϊ˱ʵһ׿˲أֻʣһԴ֮׿ϱ͢Ұ׵
СԴСһֱҩάţ
˵׿Զʱ׿ĿǣҲ֪Լжõʱܻȥֻϣ֮ǰܿСȬ
ǰ
֣ʾ׿Զǰ
Скߵ˽ǰһ˫Ĵ۾ŽģӦӰӡ
֣
˵ʲôСкʲô޲ۣѨλУСкҲֻǽüͷʹʲô˵
׿Զһߵһֽдҩ
׿үӣʱҩץҩһܣÿΣЩҩ֮ٿһСһĲ飬ʱȷҽηӡ
ãл
׿ү׿Զ뿪үʧ֮ǰ΢΢üͷм
ˣǺӵˣĪҪھˡ
ôСÿ춼Ҫ˵ʹ࣬ۡ
˵ܰУȴСкĿ࣬ôСĺҪܲʹĥǳ쵽ϧ
ÿһÿһ˵
ҵǰҲ˵仰Ҳ
ҡͷҲ˳˼޸½褡
Ҳֻ׿ԶҲκ㡣
쳣ļᶨеĹâڤҹһů
ѩˣ䣬ȥɡ
ڤҹ֣ǣŽĵֻصС
תеĽĲδһĨӰ
Ӱ˳ɫĳѩΪһ壬ʵݸֳһĨЦ⣬ֻЦݶĿĿʧʵеĽġ
ģڤҹһվһ𡣡
£Ӱתʧֻѩеһӡڽʧ
ѩؼ䣬ĽٵҹɫС
תۼ͵ʮ壬ѵĽĴһɱг
ϰףʮԪ
ܴһԽӡ
ʱȻĽӣǶ٣ټܳԣʮĽӻЩġ
ǺǾʹʮʱһҲ׳ԣ̶̵İµʱ棬˽ѧ˺ߦƤǲϡ
˵ҪԵζĽӣҪһҪɡ
˵ϰףӦóԪôԢԲԲ
ԲԲ˶ԼˣԼһԸԶʮһԪԢһԱƽ
ֲǲ֪ȺûûʲôԱӾͳˡ
ľһЦȴǶΪǵдա
һȺѪȷ֪ٴˣͲ֪ʲôԱΨһϣıǵڶ۾̫ܿ
˵ԱҸ飬ǶһҪѡĻǵȻǽˡ
ľЦĻУЩΡ
ɰɣóԪǻҪԪ
ӺƺƵ˼УڼϷȻص
Ľ˾ܾ˳⣬һϴεĿȺүûѳ˾ѾллˣôҲԼĴ㡣
վľŲӿæµĽģɵһ䡣
ĲҪô
ҪһԵžˡ
һʱ䣬Ķڳæµţǵȵıɢȥֱҹʳ߳˳
ýĿڣǱһѷĳ˳ǿŹʳľüͷ
ľ磬ɶ
һߣʳ鷿鷿ӳŵӰӣƲƲ졣
ǽϢϢĿôô͢һӶ벻ô
мԹ֮⣬ĴڤҹۣҽеӶһԡ
ĻǼһǲǹҪ㣬ЩΪʲôƫƫҪ
֪ӷΪ֣Ϊǰӡ
ʲôǰӣҲȥ˽⣬˵͢ˮúܣܲӴ䲻Ӵ
ʲôǰڳԷԹȥϢ˯
ʳó룬ڽСԪʢС
һζΡ
һڴĽĵȴڤҹķ
ǰУһԲԲԪڿŽһȴ佱ı飬ֱڤҹһеûô򵥡
ȻҧԪ֮ڿըѿ
ڵԪ
˹ʮԵĶ֥֮ԪڵԪڤҹǵһγԵ
ζΣľͰԶ˵ҪԽӣʮ壬ô˵ҲҪԪҰԪͽӽһζó԰ɡ
óԣκʳﶼζĴڡ
˵
϶Ц⣬ЦݱжôĿɰˣҨһԪһҧζڵһ˲ܾùֵֹģ
ֲ֪֡
ʱеľԶ˶һԪе㷸
԰ɣ˻԰ɣֲ֪᲻ֶӣ˻Ҫִء
զ죿
զ죬£ȥüͷ⡣
Ԫԣʷϵһ˵Ϊ֮ˡ
Ȼ˵Ԫ˵࣬ǻǾ⽫һڵԪȥԪûзŹ
ö
һŨζڳУ֮⣬˻˵СƣζŨҡ
˷صСԺеĽļ򵥵ϴһ£˯ҵĳλϡ
УһƬɫ磬ֲָĺڣʱһɫĹâܿʼɫĹâԽԽ࣬뽪ĵָ䣬ѪҺ֮С
ҲصһһϤ
ף죬һҪǵңסǧҪȥǸǧҪ
˭
ϤŽĵңվںڰ֮еĽĻȥΧûκһˡ
գأڤҹ£Ǳ߹µ⣬žĳɱΣҪȥ

1849 

1849 
ҲԼʲôУȥı˵顣
ԺУŹӣһԹ
֪߹رɱĽүľɲүŻԳ
ĵľǽݡ
˵ʵҲЩ棬̷书Ͷһеĸ֣Ϊλᱻɱʵ벻ס
֪ˣҳȥһˣҡ
ҪȥүְҪʱʱ̱̿߰
ľѹͲĽһ뿪οүһҪǳʲôܵǣġ
ûľҽݣֻǲɣҽݵүûڣ˵ǳȥ¶Ҫʮ²ܻ
Ǻıȥܰȥ԰Ϸ
¹ĹƶѾ࣬µ߶ˣ¶Ҳˡ
ϰ彫ܰͽķΪϱóԺúȵźţ¹ҲԾơ
ǸǲȾƣֻ๫ҺȾƣ
εЦţ֮ڤҹͺԼ£бвȾƵһ㣬һľԼߣԻǱʵǼල
֪ȾƣľС˾ͻ󱨸棬ڤҹ˾ͻǮ
ȻȾƣɻˡ
ſˮ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ¾ľˮڱ۹Ǯв֮£סˡ
ϰ壬ɶ¶ôⰡѲҪȢˣ
˵ЦˣﻹȢӣƽƽıסϷ԰ӣϷ԰ӰȥԺȾ֪ˡ
ϰЦţ߽ĺܰˣ֮ҪˣϲϷʱ׼ٲʹ԰ǮƱ԰ҲͶһʶ롣

ԣС
ϰͷǰСһҲ԰ʹ˺ö౦֮ǰ˵һҪ԰һϷ
ģʶǸʲôģ
ʶ̫ʶˡ
ЦţŶȣŹһߺϰܰ˵֮ĶԹԹ
ŮıҪϼ꣬ȥ۸ǽһֱСֻΪʼɽֱСŮҪŮӵ
˭ҿǽүС㣬·ƽһóʱͳ֣ĶȻ䷢
ͺˣ
ò£֪ܰҪʲôԽƢȻǽͬ¶һ١
ţҲΪˣʵԸҽڣҵľҲƷϱƽϢ顣
һ罪ŭͲһĴɵͷҪϴ
֪ԼʱçײˣǣΪʲôǸǡ
ңʱ½ҲΪҪЮ̸ȵģԽԽ
ϰģǸС԰⼸Ҳ֡
ȻϲȴҲܽ԰Ӫ˽ġ
ϰŽľһû˵ȴǲĸм֮飬
԰뿪ѾˣܰصվǰȺ˽ĴǶҹеĹâȴսһ㡣
׼ǰʱľһǰסĽŲ
ӣʱˣܰСҲȶˡ
ܰȻȥˣ
Ļ˻תȥߵʱľһš
Ǯ𣿡
Ҫɶ
ľĻǮ־ٶڽǰûκõġ
ɶԵҹ£СϺóˣôȥһ룬Ͳ֪ڤҹûУ
ְǮôˡ
ľźţĿһǮѹեڵѪ
ʲôΪʲôҪǮӳŰ
ǰôؿŽĵıӰʧҲƿ
ܰվߣεЦţļ
磬
õĵȻԼʲôδڿŮ˵ʱлᷢĹâΨġ
һо˵һүڤҹӣǲһġ
ô
ȻЦţЦмʧ䡣
񾭴öóԼϲģΪȴġ
ҲϹӺôõĻҪһ䣬˵ӣǸүڤҹ
֪ܰԼȥʲôԸһ飬Ƕһ޶ֻǸڤҹڤҹӡ
Щ飬ǿľͿԵõģͿԽġ
ȥɣĺܡ
ã˶پƣ
΢΢üͷźȵöбãһ˫ӡ
һ㣬һѣ͵˵ҪȻҪˡ
ףܰȾˡ
ˣ
һߣ⽵ĽĻС⽴һ·ľڽööĴͣ
ǿɶǮԸôУǺľʮ⽣Ե̯ϴүŵĶģľԼ
ôû
ʱ鷿ĵƻӦŵģ鷿СԺŵƣҲ˵ڤҹڻʹû
֪үǷѣһүúϢġ
ƨҪ

Ҫ飬ϻûмס
ϢľֻͽĽ
ᳵ·ڻʹУ鷿鷿ƻͨ
С̫࿴˽ڵɱ˹æǰסˡ
ڿɲܽȥºү߹ص顣
ĲδС̫࣬ڿ鷿ŵʱڤҹĻ˵Ļ
һڶ˵֮䣬ƿţֱڤҹһҩڤҹĿУתߵĻǰűȦȦ
߹صˣսʿĶǰɢ߹мϸƲûӦǼ֮ǽеİɢֻǼС
İѷ۵һһ˵˳˵껰ڤҹ뿪鷿뿪֮ǰͣ˽Ų
£๫Ӳãͷ±ɧŲţʲôҪ黹Ƽعѡ
£ץڤҹ뿪鷿ʧУʧĻĿС
£
̫ǰҪȰ˵Ļŭ𣬿ֻ¸û֮һĨЦ̫üͷ̫Цʲô˼ˡ
һߣ뿪鷿ĽľôһֱǣڤҹڻʹѩҹС
֪ʲôʱѩǰڤҹں󣬶˾ôһǰһš
ʱĸоܵعڤҹȻѩϣ˲ӻٴóҩڤҹ
ˡ

1851 

1851 
ļһӡ
ڽĺ֮ĶԹڤҹҲ˽һЩǰĻ˭˭ڲɣ񣬽ӣŮˣ
ͲܣñͲܣȥɡ
һ仰ޱȣ˵ôһѣûнһ仰ã
ˣ
ˣΪܾЩѣΣ֪ΪΡ
ߣȥ鷿ҸһƣԱɣûпɿڵķд㡣
£ڤҹĴǰȥֻı鼫Ť޲ҪѽĴж˿һ㡣
ģţ
һݻһ뿪ʱ鷿УЦǽһ
ˬ
һЦ
ˣɺһЩ
ֹǺһЩҸ˵ڽʱԼݾҪһӵͼ졣
ĺڤҹϸϸ˵ĶԹӿʼβ˵үǮƽ¶ʱĽĺ޵ֱ
֪ʵֶ಻Ҫô˵ҪôҵǮҪôҼ޸ӣȥϵô
˫ֶż򣬻и໰ʵۣ˳ŵҲŽʵۡ
˵˼˵ʵԼ޸ʱ򣬽ʵ۲ųֹ
԰һʼʵûᣬҪȻǽܴڱһѹƵĵزô
˵Ҳ֣Ķ֪Լɶŵ㣬ʵۺͽʵ۷׷Ҫ޸ǵĶӣҲǹ¶ˡ
ĵ¶Ͳ˵ˣտԱˬ찡
ٺٵЦţĻеĲӣʾãóԵġ
ת뿪鷿ĽĲδڤҹе顣
ʱԶ˳һŽڤҹ
үѾɡ
һУдһֽ֣֮м䶼˵Źڽĵ顣
ֽϵּڤҹ˫ּ£ֽճ˻ҽ
ҪҪְȥһ˽
Զ֪еݣҽү˴ĿŸ֪ڤҹһҲǽүģдǹڽĵ
ڱ˿ǽү谮СŮľȻĽСŮһүǺ֮ˣʵϣүԼ뷨
ĳ㲻ͬѰ֮ʱ콵һصĵ˴Ӻүǰ·˽ĵݣ˽ĽΪһ֮ǻȢ˽ģǻӱضΪһ֮Ҳͳһ߹
үȻǲŵԣպһʱ䣬ÿһ鶼Ӧ˵˵۽ү췱ʢּýүе־塣
Ϊ˭Ȣ˽ĳΪʵͳһ߹飬ΪʿԵĺ䣬ǱһΪ˻ʺҲǽɢ֮ʱ
ƽķӣҲУүδ
ң鲻֪ΪΣ֪ԲŻᷢǼ飬ҲΪνүǴǹٶĹ;ҲҪֹŮΪ̫ԭ
ڤҹдһţдү
˰˰Ӽ͵үС
ǣү
æµĽĲ֪ԼݹغʲôҲ֪ԼδΣֻϣҽκڤҹȻϣȻصڵ߹ǵ
Ƿʢ硣
Сཹðݣζôζˡ

ԶľſˮӶҪ
˱ˣأǳҪʰøɸɾ
ȥɣ
õԼүӦʣԶľһһʧһͻ᲻ٵöһ
˽鲻
ǵȻˣĻô˵ģ
ĸˣһΪˬҲڴǰ̺ɽׯ
ʲôĽ֣
ϻ⻹˵ȻͬⰡĲĲȥˣҿɲǰΪѸ
һڤҹ⻰˵ôȻе鶼źõķȥչˡ
һĨЦ⸡ڤҹĴǣͷڤҹ˵ŽսĻ˵顣
ͬˣҪȵ뿪֮󷽲ſԶǰ̺ɽׯ
֪ء
ı˵ĻǸˣ¶ǻһ仰ϾĻڤҹֵܣ˵ֵܣҲͬѵ㣬ô˵Щص
ӣִӣޣһһЩҩݣζΣ
÷µһ
ļʲôڤҹʲôһ߳Żһ߿ţýĶ˼ˡ
һٷԵĺǺгܰ
УһȴǳԵĶˡ
һӣ
Ѿģ̸ȣҸ̵ôˣ
Ҹƴˣ
ľͰԶȥˣ˵ˣǻҲʣ޼ѵֻܿͷմŹʣµ˼ͷ
һȺ
ա
˯Ͳ𣬽ıȥ֣ܰ˵ȥ԰ϷΪϰ԰룬ʱ仹ǲȥβá
ģզ죿
ʲôô죿
Щܰʲô¶첻µزµŮ¶ɫ
ҵҵҰס
ף
էһʵʱ򣬽ĻмĲ죬ҲܽܣܰԼͲ࣬ܰҲõ˻޵ˡ
ֻܰһѣǽŮϲȻӢ֮ӺֻסܰĲܳΪķҲ֪˭ҵĵùˡ
ļҵĹӣ
ļҵģϼҵĳӰ󺣡
󺣣
˭
ҡҡͷʾʶ󺣣ϵ˵߹ѧߣҲʮ־ظϡ
Ϻ׿߹ʥһʥһʥݵŵԡ
ôˣ㰲ŵ˻ܳ㲻ɡ
ҵңҾһȭ
ܰɥһͷɥһĲԸ
Ҫ޵Ǿ˫ĴӢۺôҪôư־Ʒ˧磬ŲҪ޸һͷԵӺô
Ҳ޸һӣģðҰ
ӣ
еЦԲܰ͸һĻ棬һõĽŮһӵе˼
Сʱһ֪ñҡͷԵ֮ҲžķУҪһĲ޸һӰ
޸ӣһϵˣ뱲ӲŹأ
Сʱ˿δˣҲξˣΪ˹Ҷ֮š
ɣ˵֮ˣҪܿ´ֵܰд
ܰǿһҪľôһס

1852 

1852 
ܰ˵ϣĺǺպĸӢۣԲֻӡ
ǣ飬ܰһٶʮҲûá
ֺԣڽĵͬ£ܰǲԸ¥
Һ͸ҵװ¥Ϊľ¥һ˶Ҫʮӣ֪ôһĲҪķѶ
˵Щ֮Ҳǹɣÿһ˶ǼƷеļƷϷɵıͺټǰһ̲֪ʲôĶϡ棬Ҳۡ
ڳĳҴܰԼͬĽ⣬ʥϣԼҵĴѧʿԼܰ׵Ķ󺣡
μ󺣣˸˵ĸоţƫڳƵͣܰϲࡣ
󺣵Ŀӽ¥ż俪ʼûпܰһۣȻܰҲҿϿ¿ûнĿڸ󺣵ϡ
һʱʱ䣬󺣺֪ܰ˴˳ʲô
֮⣬ĵĳ΢ЩΣϾҺ͸ҵ磬һ˳ھϯϣٻЩס
κܰ˼˼Žĵ֣ϢҲֻһˡ
ܿģϵʳ˽ĵĿ⣬һһڲ˳ţԵǽһ֡
û뵽һȻ紫еһģһ
жžƱ˽ϣڿмȵĽæеļȣҲžƱһӻؾŸϡ
ˣֻһ鸾˰ˣ˸ϵۣңοԴСʱʼҵϣϱˣȴлҪ
ƨ˭˵ο¶û¶ͺ˵ʥĹ£ʥ׿ϺʥϣĶʱ߳Ƶ
ߣڤҹӣվСԳ˵ϼ乧άĻҲǹȱ΢
Ϸǰ㽪үò˵С֮Уûжܼǧ֮һ
ϱĵĻ쳣Ŀģ˱Ƹģһٶýûɵһ¡
Ϊ˱ԼǸ֪ˣ׶ˣҲڤҹˣǰֹҾصøƱ
ճ˵ΪʮˣǲܸһʮƣΪΣ
벻ף٣Ҫ˫ȥ
ϺĿŽģе̽ٶǸϹΪ֮Žĵ磬Ը񲻾һ˵Ƕӣһ봫дྶͥ
Ϸھһ
סͨɡ
ϱھһƣȴļæֹˡ
ھҵĻһҾҪſڵϻؾˡ
龫Ѿͷ˰ˣϷҲŪˣ°ɣ
Цţ仰³һعͷһܰܰʼʾԼҲ֪ô¶ŽȶѰ

ڣ˵
£ϵһ仰ýĵͷӻʲô
𼤶Ϸү飬Ǻ۵˲࣬Ϸ򵱳ԼҵŮ޸үκƶûһ۾Ϸ˸Ÿ
Ҫ˵¶ҲǸ֮Ϊٵĳ裬֪ڤҹӣҲͲȥƽˣҪǻ˵Ļͺӡ
¶ô
ôһ˵Ĳŷƺû˽ڤҹȥ顣
ǰɣϷŮҲŮ˭֪СӿûϷ治ЩҲסء
ûʲôҲסģŮ֮Եֱ˵飬ֻҪԵֵˣһȻˮɣԵûǿһҲֻᳯűķ
⻰һǸڤҹΧȥ飬һڸ֪͸ϣһȥģ˲һӶסŮ֣ǵɲٿصĿܡ
žƱεЦţѾͷڸܰųӣתת⻰˳
Ŷܽһ£ʲôԵ֣ô֪Եֵûеء
Ϸʣķ΢ͷӽǴҪˡ
֪ô棬һ̯ӻˮܰ͸˵飬ΪеĽ㡣
ôѲ⻰ֻ˵˵Ƕô
ҲԵⶫĺܣȴʵʵڴߣͺñҺ๫ûԵ֣ôñҺܰûԵֺʶںñҺ͸
Ϸң
ЦţȴŽҪ˵ġ
ԣԵʹȻڴ˸ϣϵѧ߹һϿĸ֡
һͿ䣬õ˵׼
Ȼϱ⻰ôЦǽүŮ丸Ů
ˣϷҲΪˣ˵һ黹ҪԼǼȲΪҲֲܲǡ
ʲô
Ŷ
Ƭ֮ŷӦϿеĳʲô˼
үһֵˣڤҹӣȻҪܰһãԼ˵ЩԼ׽ȥˡ
ĻعͷͣǱƺڶܰ˵ҲΪˣҪԼˡ
С޳ȥɣǴ˻Ҫ̸
Сޣָܰ͸󺣶ˣ͸ϵʾϴܰ͸뿪¥
ҲˣҲ׼뿪ڽʱȴһνסˡ
ߣϷ¶
ɶ¶
ỹһЩֵֹɣѣڲȾҲԶˣ
Ϸҽһˡ
Ŷ¶һΪɶ¶أ
³һŵһ
ʸҽεǺˣȣҳķÿǺܹġ
ģϷһǮҲȱġ
ϻ˻֣һųϣĲֽֽдһ˵Ĳ飬Խ¿Խü
ˡ
϶žƱǳһƣЦ۵ȴŽĵĴ𰸡
ϣǲǰҵɴ޽ˣ˺ɶ𣿡
ֽŲߵϢУʮ꣬˭û˵żϵ֢״߽ģѾ޽ò˶þͿˣֻŶ˹Źأֻʣͷ˿䣬ûɶȵļֵˡ
ʦҽɣϷöΪҵɣֻܽеϣϡ
˵⻰ʱ۾ȻЦŵģЦûκε¶ȣҲ쳣侲֣أɼ˶ԸʮֵҪ
ô
ҧ촽һţһû
˵ҽΰɣҲǾԲܣֻҪ׼һЩҩݣеµʱ䣬ֻҪ£Ҿзҽ
ĸ֪ϣҽΡ
ֻǴѾڲһݺε֡
ҪҽΣҪӣӦ֮ʱҩݴĸãҪȻǾȻҲһʬǣ
˵ţĴӸùֽʣֽд˼ʮҩݣҽõķʽһһϸоٳ
һʱҺ๫Ҫȥ̺ɽׯһʱ䣬ʱ棬Ҫҽ˵ػÿηҩϸֽдһС
Ҫȥһô
ϱ˵˶ûпϵдҩɵͬɱˣǲš
Ȼ׸еĹǣվӻóһСӣǽĴӽģûǮʱˣ
ˣĸϲصģһĶһǻģ˵鷳һЩ
һĸֳڵʱ򣬸е뵣ĽɢֽС
ǡ
飬Ҵʦ˳˳ģˣҲԵһ֡
Щ˵©죬ɽʱʦϻ͵ģҲ֪ʦ˻ʲô顣
ʲô飬Լͽɽǵûбֳı飬ֶ֣֮һ˺ףɥĲʦ
Ǿ仰ǸҪ˻Ҫ˵ķȥɶһ죬Һ๫ӱ̺ɽׯ֮󣬱ָơ

ڽļȥʱ򣬸һνס˽ġ
Ϸүô죿
֪ڤҹ缲ӣҲ飬ΪĶ
ѣкܶడ
һҲۣ϶ҳ飬ɽʱɲһһ
˵ˣ׼˸ڤҹ飬ִԲЧøߡ
͸ݱ𣬽һߴűһ뿪¥뿪¥ʱ򿴵
๫
һ๫ǵò˻ͷȥ
ʱֻӱƿһ³˿˫еҲУֻֻΪһˡ
ˣô䣬ôܳˡ
Ȼ๫ˣһղѽ߸Ͻؼң䣡
ãǻؼң
һĨЦڤҹĴǣʧ˵֮С

1853 ˵˼Ǳ˼

1853 ˵˼Ǳ˼
¥Уʧ϶Ŀԣ֮иǶ˼ֲ֮ɫ
ϣүΪҪĽڤҹ
²͸ү룬ҲΪԵɣԶ֮Ҳ׼ŮΪ̫
Ҫ֪̫½߹ҲͲ֮ռ̳˻λҲȻ֮ΪνүǵðΣտּҲԸŮ뽪ʹΪ̫ҲԸŮԶ޵Ϊ̫ƫƫ޸缲үڤҹ
һֱ⣬Ҫ֪Ĵ𰸣ûֹŮʶ
ǲ֪΢
Ȼ֪𰸵ģȴܸǸܣҲΪһ֪˶һΣա
Һ͸պҪһԿ磬˵Ҫܱʵ֪Ĵ𰸣ɱ֮

صĺڤҹ˵¥飬һɨˣ˵ϵʱЩֵֹʵˡ
鷿УڤҹһߺŲ裬һϸŽ˵ÿһ֣˵ÿһ仰
һôôô࣬ڤҹ˵Ҫʲô
˲õģ˼ܣ˳ֱȻҪǡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڤҹָ֣Ķǰɢĳ˳˶
˳Աô
Աˣٺ٣ȥ
εЦţŷʱѾ룬ĳ˴ӻʹлͶŶӡ
˳һЩɿڵķˣĶŲ˷鷿
ڿӵڤҹŵеӡ
ֿǸ˵ʱҪ˷ˣɶʱǺþȥ̺ɽׯ
⼸ձ뿪ɡ
ǾͳɣµʱҲˡ
Ŀ˵µʱ䣬ڱ̺ɽׯϢ£֮ҪϿеǸ˿
ҪΪô
Ӧ˼ˡ
ʼ磬ʾԼѾӦ˸ϣͲܰ;ϣǮǸöϸļҲһʮֿɹۣҪһԭ
Ŷһԭ򣿡
ڤҹһ˷ŽУڴŽĿ˵һԭΪΡ

ڤҹһۣ˵֮ԴӦǸδ֮˵Ĳ֢һΪǮһΪζҩݡ
Ҫڤҹ缲׵׵ĸѾҽεİ취ܼҩԴ룬΢ЩҵҪȥҩ̾УүҲŪ֡
ֲҩҲһţԣҪõϵݣõϵ߹ʥͷɲ˵˵ѣȷȷʵʵġ
ңҲӦ׿ϸ׿ԶƲ飬ҲԴ׿֡
˵Ļڤҹůӿţе
ˣΪպضúõرˡ
˵˵˭˭ҿҽɵĵӣӦκһκģ
һС飬ƺ˵Ҳ÷
վ鷿İԶľү֮۾ٶJˣǸΪԼүеˡ
ǵү缲֮һл㣬жá
Զ˿ľ֮ƺʲô
үȫ֪ү⣬ֻֻ֮Ĺϵ
ү֮ͻ뿪ָ֮
УǾԲ뿪ҪһЩʲô
ᶨڶ֮иţҪΪԼܼ顣
ҹĻ٣ѩ
ĸ׼ʱ׿ҵ˼ææ쳣Ľ
ˣˣǼСӸղˣ
һ⻰æеӣڤҹ˵˼뿪ڤҹȻĽĴ϶һ뿪һǰ׿ҡ
׿ңʥ֮ңΪȻʼ⵽֮֡
׿ֻʣ׿Ϻ׿Զүˡ
ԶԶأ׿ҵĹܼҿǰֻڿڤҹĺû·һ¡
С˼ү
ŪЩģСһʲôط
үС
׿ҵĹܼǰ·ڤҹͽĶ˸׿ܼ׿ңƺ׿ҵĺլ
һţζ˵Ĵ̱ǵҩζüͷֱڡ
׿ԶһŲ԰׵Сӳ⺢ӱϢ˿
æ׿Զģǹҩһ֮СһӹŹ
ʱʱ䣬ȷ׿Զˣ³һ
׿ϣô¶
ϷҲ֪ҩ˯ˣһУͱ㣡
׿Ҳ֪׿Զôˣû
һ׿ϵĻһڷʲôƬ֮ڻзҳҩĲ
Щʲô
ĻЩСүҩʣµĲˣôƽﶼӳȥİ
ź׿ԶŮǲ⣬յ˵Сүιҩֻǵʱ˶ӣ㽫ҩ˴ҡ
أ
дҵŮѹû׿ңҲȥʲô׿ҵûϵҪľҵԴ
׿ϣСһҩֽš
Ļ£Ůͨһӹ˵ϣһ˵ԼδҪʲô¶ҽιСүҩǴҡ
ȥѰҴˣʱصʱ׿Ѿˣɱ׿ҵĲС
Ŀ˿ڴϻԲѵ׿Զε̾һһ޸֮ĺӣ벻׶ԷΪҪһ޹ĺ֡
ľץҩ
ǣ
һľʧ֮Уһӵʱ֮жһҩ
׿ϣҩܳ׵׵Ľ׿ԶĶҲ˻˺Сһ壬ڶԷ˭ΪζСһ֣׿ԼˣֻСһﻹš
һҲװ׵ĸ׿ϣշһж޹أ׿ңֻһҽ߶Բ˵ĹУ׿Һ˵Щ飬ûκεĹ
׿ЦţлҸ𣬽ĺڤҹת뿪׿ҵʱ򣬽ͣ˽Ų
ҹ֮Уѩ¡
ҡҷţһƬУĵĿ⿴ڵҹա
׿ԶǱĲˣǱĲ˳ʲô⣬û𣬱Ȼʲô֮ء
ȻϺ׿ϻ˹ϵĻΪ׿Զ˵仰
ţڰͼӺ׿Զһõ
ڤҹ˵
ȻǱӣŮˣ˵˼Ǳ˼
ĻҲװ׵ĸеЩˣҪΥԼӵĻ
̫ˣҲϢˡ

1854 ֪Ϸ

1854 ֪Ϸ
ڤҹŽģҲͬڤҹ޶оһѶɾ¡
ûȥʱС̯û̯ϾʹպһٰɣС̯λζǲ
ãһжͦ˵ġ
ڤҹǣŽĵʧУʧѩҹ֮С
ڰԭ׼Ż׿õɱȴûٴжǲǲǲڤҹ

Ϊ׵ĺһ£˷׷ʧ
׿ŹչҹɫʧĺӰǸֳһĨζЦ⡣
뿪׿ҵֱǰС̯
̯ϰһϹ˿ͣ׼˺üС⽷ϣԼƵСܲ
úóԣڤҹ쳢һҲ⽲
Ѿڶˣѩ׷ɵ죬ܳһȺ⽣ζҪ̫̫Ҹ
ڤҹĿŽģҲǲһԵİԶľ׷ſˮ
ϰƣĿܶ׼⽶˵ľͰԶǰҪ֪˿ɶǸԻ绹ġ
ϵǮ϶ٵľ⣬ֵ˺þŴ¶Ľҵ˼ͭ壬ҲǶ˽ʣµļͭ塣
⽣صѾҹˣ򵥵ϴһĵͷ˯ʱԾʱ
ѩһ㿴ѩ
һ糿ڤҹֽˣҪľȰ˵ͽ£һɨҪˡ
ٵүһȥʹֻǵĽӹѣϾȵ뿪֮Ҫǰ̺ɽׯµʱ䡣
ģ
۾һľͷ
ģְƭ
аɣһء
ԺӵĻѩ΢΢üͷ
ۼ
ʲô
ľ⣬ΪʲôҪۼһɶ¶ô
ȥȥīë
ǣְȥ
һŵľ˹ǰ˷ҪܵһЩ֮⣬վ˽ǰ
˶ˡ
ţҲˣһϵĴѩûǮˣأҪΪɨѩ
Ŷ
ԭô¶
˻Ϊʲô¶ԭɨѩ
ãڱһС顣
ɨѩС飿ʲô
㣬㣬㻹ǼΪһ飬ǼΪһ飬Ǽ
ĽǰֳΪʮС飬ֱ𽫷˸ɨѩλá
һΪһμ򵥵ɨѩȻǡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣóһöǮӣǮװĽǮ
˭ɨĻѩάСһԪȻڴˡ
ȽĻ˵ֻ꣬ǰһɢٶɨѩĹ߿ʼɨԼϽĻѩ
ȻǰĻһԪǸĻ˭콾Ǵڸ֣һԪѣֵһġ
ڣǵǮ϶ҲɺͽƭˣһǮҪɰ˷ݶϸĻ
ֻҪɨѩǾܵõԪɾʮ㡣
ܿģľڵһٶɨ˻ѩչ涨ʮ˵õһöԪôӻľüˣٴοڡ
ǲǺĽ
ǵͷȻĽĺܣһԪٺóԵģ
żǴѩֻ̣Ҫһʱʱܻľһ飬ľһ֮⣬ÿ˶ԵõһԪݼٰ졣أľһʤľһÿ˾ͿԵõʮԪݼһ졣
Ļ£ľһʮ֮⣬˫Źâ޲ýľһ̻һ㡣
ʼ
һӣȵĲ裬һ̹Ӻ͸Сʳڳ϶Ų豭ЦǺǵĿǰһڴү໥ΧŹѩ̡
ľһʮѡģкϷˡ
ľ磬ǸˣֵѾжʱûԵóԵˣ
ֻһʱޣȻ֪ľЩ˶Ǹеĸ֣ΪܳԺõĺȺõģƴˣ
Ǵһ޴ѩһ㳯ľ˹ȥ
СӣӵǾ㣬ѾΪǮȻҶ¶֣ǣȺСӿʲôǿǿ֣
ľһ£ŭһȣ׷׾ѩֱӶˣһһѩŵϣһʱ䣬սһƬѩɡ
֪ڽԪս֪ĻΪʧķ裬ȻСӵϷ
֪ʱڤҹصڤҹһͬĻеʥĻ
ĻڤҹҳһĻ棬˶һ£һĻʵۣһүҲһʱеܲģ
Ҫ֪Ǿϸѡĸ֣콾ȵȵȵȣȴһСһš
һеȻԶһߺȲָսĽˡ
𾢶˲δڤҹĻһʱʱۿҪˣľЦţһ־ܣǸԸ䡣
һĺ죬ȻģֵǷɷҲǼõġ
ʵһʼľһʮ˾ûӮʮֵܻܵʤݼٰ죬ҲĸԸġ

еĲ豭ĵͷм͡
ǵҲ֪һľԸĻҲʤ
ÿһһԪ˰ļңмľ
ľ磬ɶֱ˵ֵܸ
ռҪģҪһݿѼ
û⣡
ˣĸԸ
ľǰϥڵϣվһӽԪľ
֪ŮƱôеÿһԪŰ٣ҪϢ
ǰ仰ޱȿģɲ£˵ҲĪĳ˵׶Ƿ˰ɡ
ɣԺӣӣз࣬ǣףǰ˸˵Ԫ룬ղѩˡ
Դϻѩ˿ȻǷűѩҵˡ
εĿű˴ˣһָŶԷϹ
ѽ๫ˡ
ŷվڲԶڤҹԼڤҹߵĻ
ԲۣҲˣ¡
Բۣ
ǻĻüëһ漴Ц
ʾȣʾȶѡ
ĺٺٵЦţʾľ˸Ͽʧߵڤҹߣ䡣
๫Ҳ˵һ
ΪˣΪܿһϷ
ڤҹЦţַȥķѩ˫ееϺĽĽһɬ
֪Ϸ֪Ӹ˿ɾǲĿġ

1855 Ӧսô

1855 Ӧսô

һӲˣƽڤҹԵģҲ֪ϲʵ۵θڡ
ɽ亣ζҲҪǳԲϰߵĻɴȥ¥ˡ
Ļ飬ƺûԡ
£ֲ赭
ڤҹղһȻˡ
ĻŽĵĳգĿһڤҹĬĬĴָ
һٷһЩ⣬ӽ˵˵ڤҹĲ顣
ǽĲĻǻҪΪá
ĲûĻ֤һὫڤҹȬֻ˵ҽεȵȵĻ
ڤҹοŽģã졣
ҹɫ֮ǰĻ뿪վǰĿĻʧУ֪ΪʲôǴһֲ֪ʲôݵĸоĻǺϣڤҹһ
̧ͷһڤҹ΢΢üͷ
Ϊü
ڤҹָĸƽ˽üǳ˫еĳ谮쳣ᡣ
ûʲôģһκ㣬ǾȫˣҲҪֳಡӡ
ѾܺĸڤҹԼ仰˼ڤҹҲԼҪݡ
˷ģܷʲô飬Ϊһᱣ÷ˡ
Уү˭ţƣµһ˯˯ȥ
˸Ƿˡ
ȥ¥һٺõģ˭֪Ҫ³
ա
أ򸮵Ĵű죬εĽһһɫ
л˵ƨš
ʲô̬ȣ
̬ţĿŽе쳣ĸ߰һҲġ
ƨ£һء
һŮǱſйһľķвɡ
ߣ㣬֮󱾹ھ˾磬еӾ
ûȥ˯
ֱɵӲŻȥܣԼӲã˶Բвɡ
ģǲȥͱҶĸ粻ˡ
£ˢһһѾס죬鲼
˵һ顣
һ˲䣬ɱ嵽ŵͨͨţװ޾ıͷ˵Ѿ˽ĹӾ
ĵʱ򲻸ĻͻᶯԼȥץʱᷢʲôͱˡ
вң
ֻڲһʵǸ磬ȻΪѽĹӣǲ磬ǵʱǺǣ
Цţһɿ֣֮еɱⲢδˣĽ˽ϵ
ãԼ׼׵һЩϾϯ֮ʲô¶Լ
Ȼĸİȫвܺã֪֪ǵòá
õ꽪һҲҪúһˡ
Ӧս뿪
¶Ǻүһ°ɣȻթ
ҪڤҹһʱҪæԼ飬¶Ǳ֮ĶԹԹڤҹʺϲ֡
꣡
İڶŹؽ죬һУ͵ȵ֮󣬵ʱᷢʲôʱ飬ڴ
˵Ĳ׼ľڤҹô˵ΪľҲҪ¸֪ү
ңľ˵ڤҹҲ֪ΪѾڹҸ֪ˣ˴ֻ뽪ŮӲμӣԣڤҹĽҪȥϯҲֹֻ⡣
֮󣬽װһϮӺݵĳʮֵɣҲǾĵ׺ģ˵Ů˵ļʮ㡣
ľͰԶڿģĽģһ˫ۿǰĽľƽɵ
ʲôǲǾǼҰ©
Զľ˷׷Ĵָû뵽װÿȻ˵ͳúܺÿʱ˿̵ģȫȫģ
ģʱˣǸˣ
͵ȺܰҲμʢᣬûб룬ܰҲýһǼһ
ڤҹõңȻзӦԡ
ľͰԶ˻֣˶ӣ¸ҲõǽүŮǽģֲķϲģ˵ˣܰô
յǰУŵ¸ķн
ϣܰҲһװ磬µĿ֮ܰ͡
û뵽㴩һ·Ůζ
û뵽㴩һ·Ůζ
ĺܰͬ˵ţŹЦ
Ҹ˵һ·ɱŤˣÿ֮⣬Ҿûôܵ·
һ
ͬУЩ·ÿǺÿһһ㴩ʮֵıŤжһҲ㣬ֻǽеӻ
ƽ洩ŵ·ɿ죬ܻʮֵڡ
Ͼμӵᣬǲܵ˳ӡ
ܰһɫĳȹҲװ磬˵ĻһᱻΪҹǧС㣬һھ©
С㣬¸ˡ
¸μᣬ˶壬᲻Ҳ֪Ǹ壬Ŀľýѿ
ģһʲô׾˵¸󻹲̼ѡ
ܰˬ죬Ҳ֪ǳŽģɽܰĺѣҶѵ˶
¸һߵ˽Ժ䣬һ̸߹֮ء
¸͵ĶȨƵˣҪ֪¸ѼӴ󣬾һˮѰϰհĹ֮ã֪˴ˮƽжôˡ
˵ԩͷˣĽĺܰҲ
¸еһԺ䣬˵Ƕ죬ټĸ¥ůĺܣʮŮΪ׵λһŽģһܰ˵û¶һϵķˡ
㲻Ȱ·ĲһЩ
֪ܰСνĲָɷָһ
Ůһԣűʺֽרĵļܰ˵Ĳ֮
ܰһҧһڸ㣬Ů˵Ÿŵȱ㣬ŮҲרĵĽһһ
˳ԣô¶ҲǮ
ܰ¶һԵŮƵЦţִ¶һ̸㡣
ڿѵڿڣ¸ÿһ˵Ŀζһ̰ƸزζһϮ
ôҵ죬ó԰
ֳһ飬ƸûԹֻζǰԵҪŴĶࡣ

1856 ÿ

1856 ÿ
Ƹ൱ʷǰȥݷõʱ򣬻ҲƸ⣬¸İƸ⣬Ǳһζ
ϲԱá
ŮЦţֶ˸ָʳȫǽĺܰϲԵĸСʳڶ¸֮ǰ¸˾Ѿ˵飬ݶ˵ĿζӲƷ
ĺܰԵǽһ֣ȫȥںնɫֶô࣬Ѿ˫֮еʲôı
ģ
óԣ
ĺܰ˻ιŶԷʳһԲμһ߳һ߿ţͬҲһߵȴ쭡
ģãǺͽܰǿ߶ΪĹټС̫̫ˡ
ǰڽݣټܰСݣҲ˵ʲô͵˵
˵һϯװ׾Ǻ磬ҪýѿһᣬܰԼҪġ
ڣ˿ڣһֱ˵ŹڽڽЩ飬ʲô˴ܵȵȵȵģΪүӣΪϹ۾ˡ
˵ģһɵľܰ
ܰúõһ˭ҪүүѹͲŮ˻ĵͶġ
ܰ׼ڷʱ򣬽ܰ
ҪǵܰȦףܰԸ񣬱ȻԿ
ģСһϡ
ʾܰ԰꣬ʣµ
գܰŭɵκβľٶС֪ʲô
仰˵þЩЦˡ
ЦţĵģǶׯЦ¶ĸڹ˴ʱ˿̵ĽľŮˣƽǸĽѾͷ
ǵڽʱ򣬹˿ǷһʾֻҸһһεľܾȴ๫ĴС㾿ʲôġ
û뵽ĻὫЩᵽ̨һʱЩ
ɼȻˣľͲù˵һˣҪ
Ҳǵãڽ֮ʱǽһŮӳñƯǹʼҪŮӵǵʱıֹŮ˹£ΪҪȱӵĶء
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ΢΢ӵı鿴
Ҫ˵Ų˱֮£ſڱݱ֪Ρ
Ҫǲ˵ˣҲΪŮӵ飬ѵһ٣թүһΪ԰ɡ
֮䷢飬ֻ֪жϸľǲ֪ģոֿĺܰγԱ񣬿û뵽쾹Ȼôܡ
ԣܣ
Ա˵Щ˽֪飬ǶЩڹеǧСͷ˵һ׮׮˵Ҿ۵İԣ㹻ڲ෹һʱˡ
Ȼ֪ͽ֮о𣬵û뵽£˾
ˣ֪һ飬¶Ҳ˵ģ˵ǹ˽ʮεҲ֪պһܵ˹ϾûгԴϾʹʮ͵ñӡ
Ҫ˵Ҫڱˮſں֮ԣŲű
Щصأô֪Щ顣
ҵķҽĵʹʦ
ЦţЦ֮еı֮ɫŨңڽʱҪǵĵСˣҪĹƤ
ԭѾȥôˣȥ˵ʲô˾ȻԼˡ
ߣ뿪¸ｪֵд
ģٸ˵һ仰ھɱ㣡
һһѳϣֻųŽĻӿҪǽĶļʱǱһУ㲻Ҳˡ
˹Ķ˵ܣôҿôˣ֪һ飬һӣ⺢زأǺӵĸӦþǹڶеһ
ģɱ㣡
֪֮ˣҲΪ뿪֮ǰľ͸©һЩСϢ
û뵽ЩӻҪ硣ССء
ۿһûУһξеĳŽĿɱܰҪǰֹʾܰ˺ơ
һɱ۵ѹûǰվŵ˭һȥɫѪĵǣмķͻ˹ȥ
ѪһأŷӦԼˣһЦĿ
ôûɱǲǲء
Ļ£һǿŭһӿƺɱɱ˫ۣһξ𵶡
һΣвμ˻϶ˣ˽ĺ֮ܰ⡣
ۿҪֳˣܰѹסʱŵҲˡ
ݣŵĹٱֻҽѹվڽ㣬ȴһ֮ڽС
⵽ôˣ
С򰮳ɺ֮ãҪڣǿЩǧСˡ
֤Ů˶˵Ϳ˹ֺݾҪǱСȵĻЩʲôСʲôģᱻ˿ڡ
ܰͼӴ׵˵ŵʱĻ棬һӭš
С㣬ʱʲôطҪ¼ڹĻϣλ¹ϡ
˵˵Ӧõģ
úõһѣĵݸܰһ
ܰһ߲ϵѪһЩĿŽġ
ģ˵һλƽĻô
ƽƽҲ֪һƤ
Щô죿
ָܰЩǱ˵ǧС˵ȵȡ
Щ˲õģǲ˵ġ
Ц⣬ŨţԭȺ˾Ǳֵģֵķܺˣʩ߻֪ЩǧСʲôģȻὫеĴƵϣһжƲĸɸɾ
˵ǲҪġ
ҪĵģǱ
ڽĺܰǰֹʱ򣬽һֶ£ֶֻܽ⡣
һҽɣһҽɵΨһӣҲġ
ģôЦô
أҾͦÿģ
˵ˣḶۣһвǸ˶ѡ

1857 ״

1857 ״
ҹɫ֮䡣
ڣŵĹԱҿ־վУѯŰľϢ
ķ˺СѾ˵е鶼Ϊ
Ȼ罪ԤϵһЩμ˽ζж
¹һʾ巢ʲôʱҲ¡
Ӧõģľϲ衣
ڤҹڹûлˣŵҲΣ¾£úȲͺȲ衣
кõĲˮ˿ȴ׿ˮһֻܾ飬ȻϽ뿪ֲֿĵط
ʱľġ
İѵʱĻһһʮĸˡ
Ҳ֪ǱûлصĻҲɱ⣬ֻһŻ˼䣬ľʲôȥ
ĻְȥվɱְΪԲ鷢
ˣ鶼Ѿȥˣȥ׼һЩ㣬˶Ķˡ
Ĳǲľȥ׼Щ㣬ľһ˺뿪
ϵǶĶ£ŵġ
Ŀľ뵥˽һ鷢չľû룬ȻдԼСȥˡ
࡫
ſˮ˼򵥵˼֮ҽ뿪
ĲҪְȥôһСѣҾˣһлү㵲ء
ľ˻ĵΪıƽҲĶɱģֻҪĵһͷȥվ
ͣͣĴŰɣá
ĴһǷһ򦣬ûн졣
˼Ѿ˶ǽҪһз͵󻯣ǽһˣҪõ࣬Ҳǣ档
ˣ
Цĺ
УЦ¶ݣôôŮ
˵ôûкô
ЦĶôᣬôĺƨ
գ
գãƣѵõĴ죬ȻǺ䣬ĵȴǳĺá
ιѵðĻûô
½£Ϊˡ
ڤҹߵߣ֣޳ָظŽĵա
Ϊ֪췢飬˷ģΪȻΪ˽
סŮ֮˲ʲôү֣齻ҾͿˣң
ŵЦţ˵˼仰ת뿪
ŽʧеıӰڤҹεЦţЦǳı顣
үҪʲô
ԶҪʲôôթֱ߰Զ
簲ԶһҪҵĴۡ
ľϷˣκ飬ܳ֡
ǣү
һԾľʧظڽĵҩȥ
үǲǴ˰Ǽ飿
ԶҲһЩԼǳƢȻҪֻҲ֪ؿɲˣϵˣ³ܰ
ʱվе˫ۣ޲ҧվеÿһˣʹҽʵĻڵ֪Ĳ̫֮ҽ鿴һ̫ҽҲ޴ֻܽ齻ϡ
ҩ̵ĺϿ˿˷һۻ׵ĺӣҡҡͷ
˲Ψ˷ƣ򲻳յʱ䣬СȻ
ʲôˡ
˶һҽɣү֮޽ġ
˺֪ĵʦҽɣڿĲ֢̽ѰѪеĶ֮ʱүӾ֪ȻǽĵֶΡ
ѾͷȻǸʡĵСˡ
ʹߵȻ֪ҽɵΪ˴ȥ뽪֮ң˭Ҳ֪ڽʲôطٲֻˡ
ʹ߸Լҹ֮Ĺڣ¸ǹٵҪһô
ҹĻ٣ջĽĿеһˡ
үЩ˭
ĵȻ֪Щ˭ˣҲ֪ȺĿʲô
˻ˡ
ڤҹ֣ǣŽıԼУ˳谮֮ᣬһʹǶˣ⻹Ǵ˵Ѫɳɱڤҹô
ʵˡ
еˣϳԻɣ׼ʳġ
һжͦ˵ģ˳ʲôΪʲô
ľԶȥ׼׼
һϳԻԶľһ۾ವһѸٵ뿪˴ȥ׼ųԻõĸʳġ
УϿ¿Ŀǰʹǻ֮Żڡ
Ҳ֪Һǹ֮䲻ͣô˵ҲҽʦҽʦΪΡ
ʹһڹȵ׵ĸѵ˵Ҫˡ
ڽʱλûٿǽңñҽҪǵĳˡ
˶ǰӣӣڸʹߣֺܼ򵥣ֻҪ˼ǮͿˡ
ʹҲɵӣ˽仰Ҫʲô˼ܱûϣҪõö࣬Ǯôжǡ
ܺãȻˣձ㿪ʼҽͬʱҲҪǵĳ⡣
ӦʹǷ׷ȥ
ŻСŮ˵ı飬ڤҹ֣ʳָعŽĵıӡ
ǲ룬ô׷ŹЩˣһ
ЩͿˣ˵û˼ء
ЦţЦҪôļթжôļթ
ȥ
ˣΪԳһЩĻô
ԣڽ
ֱӷڤҹ顣
ʱһеʳҩιڤҹǰҪúֻܶ࣬Ҫ֮ȥ̺ɽׯ£žڤҹܻһ꣬ʮ껹ûġ
ʱ䣬ӿðһŸָʳЦеĴӻмһƬҶڤҹ
๫ˡ
ڤҹ˵ĽԼǴӻ̳˸ƬԵǽһ졣
УԶľΪ˶žһķһȰŶӡ
ֻһеĴүǶŸſޱȼ尾ĵȴš
ա
ѵһ磬Ļܰ
ỨܰĽУֻǷ
磬״磬׵糿ʲô˯

1858 ӵľ

1858 ӵľ
ܰỨ۾תţǷ۾
һͱĸקˣص˵Ҫȥһضȥ
඼ʲôĵضûȥ
һرĽģܰǿүүýıˣɶ¶ǵҪô硣
ȻǸȥҽˡ
һ仰£ԭʮܰ˲˾񣬵ûˣһŽĵĶͷȷԼղĻǴŮ˿˵ġ
ûôӻʹˣȥ
ܰȻ֪ĺ֮ʲôϵˮĸݶǾţһëŽľȻҪȥŮӻ˾Լ䲻ʹˡ
ʹҳҽҾʹӦˡ
˵⻰ʱϵЦһ׼ûƨܰԼԴ֤ѹû۶ȥˡ
Ҫɶ
Ȼȥˣܸɶ
̫ܰ˽⽪ˣ򵥵ȥˣ˻ԣǸԲô򵥡
ģȻǸС¶֣ͦҲŪϾһĸŪˣҲ˵ȥġ
ܰС飬ܰļ
ģֶϼ֥ô
ǣ
ܰҡҡͷʾĲǶ֥ϵˣ֥һˡ
õ𰸵ܰ漴ʣǲŪĿģǽĵĿʲô
ɶ
ȻǺúþһСˣϾҲֲʲôħ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣķ֮еĺܰɭɭ䣬Ҫɶ
վʮǧС㣬ҲܽѺ֮УվС
ҲΪˣϵĶŻȶ԰Ļиõӿ
ĺܰΪ׵ʹ߼ǰɫ쳣Ľ
ˣǹַˡ
Ŷȥ
ʹǰ·ܰ˸ʹߵĺվͥԺУԶԶرԺдҪôжôǲ֪ĻȫΪʱ˿ԻŮСһоøô
ԺУ롣
š
Ժ䣬ڿĵʱ򣬲һеĳ˹˫־ҪŽĵĲӣڽ˿û⵽Ķ֡
ˣ㻹Ҫ
Ȱ㻹ͣһЩȽϺãβġ
ŲҪٺģ
һԵĻƿģܰһŽƿ顣
ôʶôҪʹүү̣Ļβء
ܰһ˸ɴˣҲ˷ѿ
ԶԶأ
Ĳϲˣưɣ
ʹ߿ĵȰ˵ҲܲƢǼҲҪᡣ
ǳ¶ҲҪ̤ǻԽѸɽˣڱųն
ǼȻὪŮԸңôĵӣҪ
˵ţһγĳһݺݵشϣҶôӲĴ۵亹ֱ
ϢŭҪ
ҿڵĲڲƵĻ׼̣״ֲѪȫãҲµûĻڵұѾõ֢״ٶĻȥڸǣҲڵŵζ
ĵĻȻ֣ͣվڽܰţһŵζڸǡ
ڵ඼ںȻأ䣬ŨҵĻ㣬һʲô
λͺ˺þõһš
ܰһŻµı飬һ˲㼤ŭ
Ȱ㻹ǰĺãⲡ鱾Լģټŭģòأʱˣ߹෹İſɾ֪Լ˵ء
ЦţЦг֪粻㣬ԲһֺصĶֶƽûκεв֮ŮˣȴĴڡ
Ǿ仰ֻܽ⿪˶һҽɣҲʦһʦͽܣҲġ
ڵûбѡ񣬾֪ϵĶԼ£ֻйԹԱӵķݶ
ԣѡǣ
ĵĻԭʢŭеƽ˫Žģҧгݵ֡
ģβñҪͷ
㣿ǿ㣬㻹񡣡
ǰֻǽҺүһС㣬ûκεĹְݣʱΪ˽ңҲΪԼһʱ嶯˿ӡ
ڲͬˣڵүӣŮˣһΡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڳϣڽĶ档
Ľı˫ۣʼ˵ûһ㶼˵ʮֵλʹȷŲѡ
Ǯɣȥץҩ
ҩ˵㡣
Ųţˡ
£Ҫȥʹ߼״ǰ˵źû
ߣǼҹƢ󣬻
˵ţΪ׵ߴһӣʾһСӣСӵʱǽ鱦
ÿһ鱦ǼֵǵĴڣοһӵ鱦ˡ
ЩТģ֮ϷȻϸл񡣡
¶ǮҾˣһ¶һ¶Ҫġ
Цţ⻰˵ƿԣֻЦ
ߵϣĴùֽʣֽдһζҩ
ȥץҩһʮΣҽҩҩͿȫֻҪʱȬˡ
ô
߿˿ҩеҩģ˵ֻܿһҲˣһλݲӵҩڷãĶǼġ
ôűĻǾɡ
Ϸֻ룬ݲܻܲɱĲҩǹģǳܲˡ
ǿģȻҲǺϲŰƢǾ仰Ϊ
ıǣһҩΪҪľǿݲӣûζҩ֮ã˭ǼҹԼϲĴۡ
ңֻǴ֮һ
Ŀһźת뿪վ
֮ȥұǡ

1859 

1859  
뿪վѾһʱʱˣĺܰ·԰ʱûнȥ
Ͼӽˮʱһһǵ뿪֮ȥ԰ɡ
ңܰ㽪ѣǵˡ
Уܰڽĵļϣ֮ʮֿ϶˵ͽһȷѡ
ʲô˼һܰ˲ɣ
ĵĻܰҡҡͷ
ҷνˣˣԲǸ׵뿪硣
ܰȻǵһʶģӸղֳǽⶾˣҲᱻĥȥˣǻصҲǰһ
ʵ֤Ůܵ飬ǽˡ
ܰ¼ʮεңͽ֮ûκεľ𣬷ΪѣȻ롣
Ҿһͨͨѣݵģһħһ
ȶħҪħĶ̣࣬ħˡ
ܰĻ⵽˽ĵİۣѾͷѲǱż˲ɡ
֮ԴֶΣ˵ˣڽʱЩЩɺݶ˲ֹʮֻѡ
ˣһûأ͸ôˣ
ҺҵĻƺѾ˶ӣܰ޸󺣳ΪҲ˫Ͷ飬ǵôҲ޹
˵ģĲ̫ͬĸ־ٶϾǺԼҸӦԼϲȥɻ飬°
жٸĸȥΪԼΪõĸ㣬Ҹⲻ֪ٱҲ˷ġ
ǰɣЩҲȫ̷һܰ͸ͻȻһ쿴۶Ҳǲܵ¶
֮ܰĹϵֻܰһ˲
ôͻȻǸˣҸ˵һӾûôľګˡ
ȥ¥·ϣܰһֱ뽪²Ÿ󺣣¥뿪֮󣬶һ·һ仰û˵ڡ
ǣܰǱȥ׵ģΪˣҪһЩԾһҲӦõİɣأǸƹһ·Ͼ֪ܰ
أ
к·ҵʱҾֱӽȥˡ
̾һֱܰ¥˵һЩСһ߳һš
ڶ˱߳ԱĵʱһԵŭһһžƺܰߡ
ϺǣⲻҵĶСôԩ·խ
ܰǵ˵˾֪ϲ岻˵һרųһŶӣ׽һЩɧŰյӵܵȵȣ֮ܰȺӵܵǰжд̡
һ㽪֪ģϾܰĲμ齨ʲôʲôСӣˣеֵŶӡ
žƺվܰԣΪȾƺȵ̫˵ԵʣδԼĽġ
߼׳˵鷳ˣ
и߼Ǹߴ˵ĶӣΪ˷硣Բ˵Լڳ͢еȨΪڼҲŮڳ͢Ϊ
Ǽᵽ˻ʺսһ߹Ϊ˺֮񣬼ܰѹôõĸ߼ȻҪúõĽѵһܰ
žһ߼еľƺܰǰŨصľϢ
ܰӿǸǵķݶϣֻҪӺһǸӾԭ㡣
ôΪ߹õǸ߼ҾͼȮˣ
һĨЦڴǣܰȻϲ£Ҳ֪ո߼ΪˣȫΪи߹󹬴Ȩԭ
ǶΣһõķϲġ
ǺǣƽӼɵ֣ǲͬգΪҺүʶӾͲôˣѡҪôͰƺ˸ӹϴҪôͱ̤¥벽
ǺݾǸ߼ƽ汻ܰļӸ綼ۼһƺֻҪܰϴͲܰ뿪¥һ
ı뿪ڣܰҡҡͷ
¶ܰЩ֮飬ǣ
֪ܰأҪƾԼٽѵǰһΣ֪ҵ˲Ǻǵġ
Сģ
ڴʱ߼֪ӺδذףֱҪܰǧһ֮ʣһֳֵֻܰǰͽֽסһذס
δδ𡪡
һεѪڵϣѰǴֵķȥסذΪܰһĲǱˣǸ󺣡
Ѫڲͣţܰüͷűݺݵ˸߼ĸһݾߵĸ߼˺üײǽϻȥ
ǲв
ܰŸ󺣣֪ô֣ɵΪԼذ׵һ˲䣬Īһֳ嶯֡
û˵һܰתҪߡ
վס
ڸ׼뿪ʱܰס˸󺣣Ҳͣ½ŲͷĿܰԾûп˵κһ仰
ϻѪҸ¡
ܰ·˺һ鲼˸󺣵ϣ󺣿˿Ĳ֮ڿ˿ڡ
ܳ󡣡
ǲ
ܰݺݵصŸ󺣣ľͷȻԼ˿ڲÿ
ֻ˵˺֮ܳ󣬱һʳ뿪¥һĨӰʧܰС
վһԿһĻĻЦˣܰߣһִܰļһָŸʧķ
ô
ʲôô
ܰ⣬ŽĲ˵Ǿ仰ʲô˼
ȻǸΪ㵲һǸ˲䣬ûио
ûУȫûУĸоأ˭ҵĶС㣬ʲôûûиҲܰѸ߼Ⱥ˴仨ˮҪô
Ȼܰô˵ʵϣǸ߼ذĻĻܰᱻݡ
նŮ˵ʮҪģݵŮӻյٰۺƣ˭ж
ô¥˭֪ܰٶȴʵģ˵ܰվǷ˸һ顣
ҹɫ֮䡣
صĽʳ鷿
ڿڤҹĵ˵ͷ͡
ܹô
Ȼ˽飬ΪôΥء
ԣ˺óԵģ¥÷ˣѵأ
ʳװ¥ԼзĲƷζޣ˵ƤӲô˼С˴ûޣڤҹ̫ˣһʳۡ
ʳеĲһһڷϣ˵Ž¥顣
˷ģ߼ҵѾץŸ߼ȥҸˡ
Ŷǿ죬ζΣǲرر
ڴʱ򣬽վһ͵ʦõĲ̫ӣһʱҲҲȫҲͷˡ
˵ĳȣԶ
ڤҹһڱˣŵĽȻˣͳһھͲˣ˷ʳﰡ

1860 㿴ң

1860 㿴ң
ôôô٣˵ζЩ
ڤҹùĿӼŲ˷ŽУζûʲô֮ôˣ
ǣΪϰ߳ԷĲ˷ڳԱķͬ
࡫
ڤҹдһߴﹾ΢΢üͷε̾һ
Ҫǲһֱ£
˵ĳվ˫ʱ佫Ϊθˡ
һΣڤҹ˫еЦýĳûƢ
УǴү˭ҷǮţ
һڤҹ˳κγѾûɶܳԵĶˣһЩ
ص鷿ʱ򣬽Ľϡ
ûɶܳԵĶˣϴպһ°ɣٸóԵġ
һСϣΪѰʳƽռҵĶڤҹȴǳС裬Ľֱü
㲡Ҳ뿪ˣ֮ô찡
ЩʱڤҹĲȬˣҪ뿪ˣʱû˸ڤҹ᲻Լ
Ƿ˱һֱ
˵仰ʱڤҹеͳ޷ݣҹɫеĹâȴ⻹ҪȣĽĪ
ѾǵһˣſˮİסԼ糺֮ɫѾռա
ǸʲôȥϢˣҲЩˡ
ױģĴ˸Ƿ뿪鷿
ŸڤҹЦŽʧеһĨӰеЦŨ
үǲǺˡ
ԶӰ˳ĿҲʧķ򣬷ǱԾǱүĻöȴϵı顣
ңƺһֱŵү֮뿪ĶܿóԼүİճٶҲү˳ԽС
򲻻Ϊү彡ײʥϣҲ˷˼ΪɶͲԼΪǵأ벻ף
ĻЩˣٸˣٴδǡ
ǣү
һԶӰʧ鷿С
ա
أľˣ׿ϴ׿Զ顣
ǿ⣬Ķ׿Զǰ˫ָذѹСһѨλ
ʱʲôʵ֢״
ҩ֮ҹ侪˺ܶ࣬ҷļҲࡣ
׿һʼֻǽĵһ˿ϣϣ˵жѣû뵽Сٳ˽Ŀҩ֮󣬾ȻЧ
ſý㿴

׿ԶԹԵŽĵĻ֮󣬽¿һζҩ
ȥɣҺүү˵һỰ
õĽ㣡
׿Զһ˶Ժѩĺ׿˵˹׿ԶĲ顣
ӵĲˣ
ô˵أ
򵥵Ļ׿ԶڵĲ
ҪתһЩϾСҪָҪʱ䡣
˵תֵʱ׿ϵɫ쳣ļڱҽʦδ֡
ֻҪκϷӣʲô飬ҪϷͷҲڻ¡
׿ˣ˵Ҫͷʲô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ׿ϵ飬׿ԶĲ鲻һ㣬ҪȬĻֻ
׿ϣǰҩͣˣһҩҪ׿Լȥȥҩץҩɼٽ֮֡
ĵĻҲ׿ϣŵֻԼСһ￵Ļò
ҩҽʦʶʱ뿪֮ǰҽʦ˵һ˵һȻʲô
˼ǣ
֮ҺүҪȥ̺ɽׯһʱ䣬ҵʱɣʱУСһÿ춼ҪҩڷҩĹбȻŻѪⶼ
׿˵׿ԶڷҩĹпܻᷢ󣬵ȵӱ̺ɽׯ֮󣬱ǿʼСһ
ãϷģ
ʱĽı׿ϵһݣκһֶȥΥ
׿һᣬĽڤҹ鷿о˳ССĸڤҹӣǷһЦֲЦ
춼鷿棬ɹɹ̫˵ʲôҪҪ
Ŀһڤҹлۣϱעضɫ㲻дʲôҲ֪ЩǼӼļ
ż⿴һеݣƲƲ죬ǲ
֥ùӵ黹õֱӰѾȫ˾ͺˡ
ԺУһʯϣŰϡ
ڤҹеĺҲϣס˽ĵȥ·
ǰշ˵Ѿȫնɱҡ˾ģǱ߾ǻᷢҡ
ǻðô
аٴ£ɱһƬӡ
ɽ𻢣һѾЩ˻ҧȻԲһһʳȫ飬ȻѶһҪӡ
߹طʲô齪ҲҲ飬֪ӦԵķӡ
Ȼףսɱڤҹ뵽ӣֻѾص̫ǣһȫǾϸþĴҡ
Ƿ˾ãѶ֮Ҫȥ
ģڱ߹صһЩʿ๫Ӧ˽Ҫʲô޷ǹ»޷ڹ֮ʱܹҫ档
Ľеİϣڱ߹صϸȻҲӣŻһЩʿҡ˳ġ
ֻҪҪģϸĸ࣬ҧˣʱϸǴ޽ҲΪ
ڵʱҪôҪôЩѾˡ
ٺ٣ˡ
Ŷô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣڤҹеĺӼ£ֻҪһϣԭռΪϷľƱ᳹׵ɾ
ߴһ̽ľ棬ڤҹδºӣǽһԡ
Ӯˡ
ңǾô
żĽľ죬һˬı顣
Ҳո߳Ϊ򲻼һ
ߣһã;Σ
İ˫ۣһĲˣڤҹεЦţֺȰ޹óƱý©Цۡ
һԵİԶľǲĿԼү
ү谮Ż壬Ϊɶأ
ҾŰɡǹƭǮ
˼֮£ľĳһۣ͵Цı飬ȷԼĲ²⡣
Ӧ¥̫Ǯ㻨ǮûˣԲŻôһƭǮ
ŮˣȻǲǵĴڣ
ڤҹúǮƨƨߵĳȥľֻ̾һĬĬظڽ𱣻
ȽĻʱѾǰˣԶԶؾͿǰͣһ
ҵ

1861 

1861 
ҵͣǰܰѾһʱʱ䣬Ļһ
ģǻˡ
ôˣʲô¶ˣ
ĿܰһΪл˵ֲ֪ôڵı飬ĵײ²ѵҳʲôôҺúõأҲû˵ɶ¶

ܰ£˿ڤҹֿ˿ԶľŽ˷⡣
󺣲ΪôҾһȥһ˸ңҪȥһ¶԰ɣֲǲͨˡ
ԭˣԭܰڰֲѾͷһķѣԭҪȥȥ󺣣ֲ֪ôڣһͬ
ֻǿδѣʲôŤŤġ
ǣŲʲôδء
Ŀ˵δ֣ܰǱȵβ͵èһӾըëһٶŵľһ֪ĻΪСôˡ
˸ջҪȥô
ڤҹ˶˵ĶԻҲոջصĽҪͬܰǰȥ󺣡
ţһȻõʳģȻóԵġ
İѲӽ˰ԶԶ˿߲⣬ſˮͲס
Ҳ£һͬǰ
Ϊɶ
ֻܰǰȥ󺣣ֲʲôҪĴ¶ڤҹΪɶҲԼǰң
ΪҲһʱδˡ
ɽ˵ڤҹʾⰲԶ׼뽪ĳһܰһǰҡ
ջصڶߣ˸ңһ˺ţұ˷ʢľƲдˡ
ϣһĿĺܼ򵥣Ϊ˾ܰˣⲻС㵣ĸ󺣵ƣñһ¡
л˰СȥԺ
ǣ
ҵŮǰŵ·ĺܰ˸ҵĺԺڤҹǰš
ǱΪ߹ʥİڷɲ͸©īϢ
С㣬롣
˼Ȧ֮󣬶˸Ů˸ڵԺ䡣
ѾԺȴ鷿Уֻһ˵ӰӮ˴ϡ
ˡ
үСˡ
鷿еŮܰͽ֮ʱȻǻһ£ܿıԼ˳
һϮ£ɫ֮£󺣵Ŀ׼ȷܰϣȻһľګ޷Ȥӣڿܰʱ򣬽ķָӦ¹ᡣ
ڿܰı飬ȻΪȵǼжԸҲУԼĳǶġ
ŸүҲǺأģȥ๫ˡ
£ĺʱ˵뿪ˣܰıŮ뿪Ժ䡣
һ·ϣҿŸҵķ⣬ڽŮʮֺĿеɫֶ
ôˣΪʲôң
ūԽˡ
Ůͨһ˵ϣµֹסȫüͷڵϵŮε̾һ
ʲôµģֻΪֵңѲдű޵˧ô
ĵĬŮŮҡҡͷ
Ļū澻ǵһμأʹһҲһ
һҲһеıʲôģɷӳô
Ȼ֪ԼʲôУҲʲôû
Ůû˵ͬĬˡ
ʲô֣
Ļū澽С
СǸҵŮһֱչŸ󺣡
СܰǼүûϣ
ȻаǼүԴ׻֮һᵽܰСʱ񶼱ء
С˵Ÿ󺣵ı仯ȻжһĮ²ؼľګĸоʵϣүĺܣֻǲڱԼжѡ
һֱүǹ¶ģǰЩӱˣҶС֮󣬻ʱ򣬾ȻЦء
Цˣ󺣾ȻЦˣûƭɡ
ūôƭأүЦˣ峤ò졣
С˵Ÿ󺣵ı仯һһߵͷǸˣܰѾͷҲˡ
ڸ󺣿ֽӰִ֮ܰԸ˾Ȼҿ󺣣ȻβΪɣǸ˶ܿóĳЩ˵ĿĲˡ


ֻźС̸ܰ͸󺣵⣬žߴ·
ĻǸڵ԰ӡ
ڣ˾ô
˱Ϊ߹ʥĸ߹ڸ֮ǰһ߹øʢǱǸҵһŮҲǸҵ˾Ȼ
ҲһЩ˾Ȼ飬˵˾ȻһزŮӣҵĴүమ˺ӣǸҴү磬Դˣ˾Ȼ֧ҡ
һ㣬˾Ȼϰˡ
˭
ڽ׼ȥʱصһϵɫ£һϸͷһ˳ڽĵС
ϣⲻǽҵСѾͷôһգ۵Ĺ򶼳ôˡ
˾Ȼһ۾֪˭ýһ£УԼһκ͸ҵڼɣھȻĿ϶ԼǽСѾͷ
żʲôҶʮûˣġ
˾Ȼ֣ʾ⽪ǰ
ҲתߣεЦŮԺУԺеʯϡ
ÿ׻Ҫࡣ
˾Ȼ¿Žģ֮飬һΪֿǱͺǿŽĳһ۶ǳ谮Ŀ⡣
ǽȷ˾Ȼһμ档
СѾͷʲô
ڣô
˾Ȼʱ򣬽ľܾǰϸһ۾ͿԿԼʲôαװҲûκá
ôѻشһСʱҼ㡣
˾ȻЦţϵظŽĵ֣С
Ѿͷһתʮʱ䣬㶼ôˣҵһμʱ㻹еӤأúǿɰ
˾ȻԼʱĳ棬ҲСѾͷǵʱĸճûõʱ䡣
ڣһ۾ȷǽģ
ĺܺ⣬Ϊ˾Ȼ˿϶Լǽġ
ô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ˾ȻֻЦţûлش⣬֮Žһ⡣
һĺڤҹһֱȥô

Ĳ̫˾Ȼ仰˼ʲôʲôĺڤҹһֱȥôȥΪʲôҪʳ仰
ڣôˣôϢ
ڽ׼ʸʱһӳڸҵԺУ˾Ȼص˷С
ЩĪһֲ֪ν͵ͷ
ܾøҵڻл
ūȴȥǰɣϢˡ
á
Ĳ⣬ĸŮ뿪Ժ䡣
ڽʧһ˲䣬ڵ˾ȻһȺݺݵڵϡ
ϲĶﶼˣͲʸô
˾ȻȻǲϵĺܣȴʮָͻȻֵˡ
ǰһ뻹һС˴һҡһ䡣
Ȼ֪ĺڤҹѾǵھתˣǰжôҽˣǵھƽһ㻹ҶɸԤ
̾һֺγȥְĺڤҹ˻ָ䣬Ҳûôһˣڶ˵ֻбβĽ֡
ܹǰ˵Ľֲҵ޷ݣãܣȵȵȵȡ
ʮ֮޷޳ĺڤҹԶԶĻɻʧ֮䡣
Ȼ⣬ģֻǾؿţǡ
˾Ȼתھǧ֮Ҳڵȵ⣬ĵϣĺڤҹҲһõĽ֡
ŤתʱҪĴ˵ĲأصǷĺͽİݴ˵Ⱦ޷Ԥĺڤҹ˵Ĺơ
ڱҪҵת
Žĺڤҹʮ֮࣬Ҳֻأǰ֮ƻ˵Ľ֡
Ҫڸƻ֮ǰҵһԲøóѡ
ǡġ
ٵĿ֪మصʹ̫˽ˡ
ֺγۣǵֿѣΪԼ²ƽҪʮ֮ࡣ

1862 ¶ģ

1862  ¶ģ
뿪ҵʱѾǰҹˣڸ󺣺֮ܰ䵽ôһ¶ֻҪ۾Ϲ˶ܿó
֮䣬Ϸ
ȻǸΪ˾ܰʱһ̣ܰģڶһʱһˣⶼҪģҪڱ˴˶˫㺣͵źϢɡ
ڤҹʱڤҹں͸죬Ƕ֮ɫǸϵɫƺôÿҲʡ
صûãļ򵥵ϴ˯˹ȥڤҹ뿪˷ȥ鷿鷿İóһӣװһš
Žиү
үѲ֪ʲô
ԶŰŸľľٶ͵үС
ڰԶ⣬ڤҹδظҲĬ⡣
費Ҫְһˡ
Զ׼˺ү˵Ҫˣ˵Ҳ
һ֪ڣǴԣΪֻĴڡ
ΪԷҪ鷢бҪΪү
Ѿ˵ˡ
̾һڤҹЩʹĶͷڰԶĵЩ⣬Ԥ뵽ˣҽ˵һ
һˣȻ͸ҵǰ̣ĸֻʣ¸һˣŸҲֵز
ֻǹСѾͷݣȻѾ֪ǴҲ֪һ
ϸ˫ڤҹиֳһĨɱ⡣
ԶȥձҪϺ
ǣү
˯֮УпһЩֵֹˣһЩֵֹ顣
ǽĺȷЩûģЩҲûмģ쳣ϤͺԼһЩ˵ҲʶԼ˵ʱ䡣
ǲ⣬һý糿ʱ޾
ôˣجô
ڤҹеŽġ
Ҳجˣǡôأ
ĲŵԼξεһиôݣܸ֮ӡ
¶ôˣ
ѾȥˣǻԼĻҩҩϾȬˣֻǻϡ
˷ģ齻Ϊͺá
Žģڤҹ֣޳ָĶǰɢĳ˳
Ҳ֪ΪΣ·ǧٴһ
ɶ
Ҳû㣬ڤҹҪʲô
嵭һЩͺã绹ҪͷˣΪϺһ𡣡
Ŷ鷳ǲ鷳ǣٺ٣
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ֣׼ҪǮ
ڤҹεЦţŽһĨâʾⰲԶ׼õǮһԡ
Щɹ˻ӻ
ʲôлӻõò׼ȷǸܼһ
һЦıǽǮĺӣͷҲصĳ˳ȥ
ү
Զ˿ʧеֿ˿һԼүʲôȤζүжֻܿͳ磬ǮܣҲүĸܡ
һߣڤҹҪǮĽĽӲغһض͡
֮󣬽ִڳӣӵǮϽֿʼ򣬵Ȼȥܰ
Уżгܰʲôʱص͸˵ʲôȵȣֻܰɵЦ
ǲǷʲô÷顣
ɶ¶ûУ룬ҾǸľͷҩѣ˼ôôࡣ
ܰһĻ֣ʾԼ͸ûʲôԽ顣
ʲô˼밹࣬˵СôǷ룬û˵ʲô
һЦ⣬ĵıڹܰţΪ˵һ¶
㣡
ʲôҰѽ˲ˣϽ񣬱ٲǮ
ĵĻܰ
˭˭Ҫ޸Ǹľͷ
ӴҪǲϲľͷĻΪʲôҪһȥҿ󺣣˵˸ǵˣϼѣ㿴㣬Ǹ¸ƨ˹Ѹһ
û˵һ仰ܰ͸һ֣޲Ҹطȥһ
ڣҴ˻ôеǮҸôڣ
Ϊýı죬ܰɴԼǮɽĻӻĳŮֹͣ˰ԡ
һε꣬ǰ˾ԤΣȡεġ
εϰһǶˣЦӯӯǰ
С㡣
ϰ壬ҪǸʽ˰ɡ
ܰβϰ׼ΣǽϴĻʮֿգôһȣҪڻٴδ죬ĵ׺ҲҪ
Ư
ʮ۵֣ȥͺѰһЩʯǶӰ࣬ԽԽϲ
öӶǮҪˡ
ȽĺܰӣöӾͱһߡ
ܰתһɵüͷ
ϺǣԭС㣬Ϊʲôء
˵ĲǱү̡
̵ݲүӣͬʱҲ֮Ů
ǱС֮ǰԤģϲԤᡣ
Ҫ̵ûؽӣ˭֪̾Ȼɿ֣ڵϵĵ׺Ҳˤķѡ
ϣ˼СģСĪҪ
˦ڵϣ׺ʯͷһƣеҲˣֵ˲ٲ˵ҽϵĻҲĥˡ
Сģ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣǰһ֮еЦһ
㣬Ҫʲô
ûʲôȻСģҺСҲ˲С˹ԭ¶һᣬһεĻɾͲˡ
ϸļ˵ϵöεϰС
ͷϰ޸һ£Ǯڶͷˡ˵أ
һǮѣȻ⡣
˽һۣת뿪ε֮꣬ʱԸתεϰ壬޸֮ǮȥҪɡ
һʧУֱܰҪǽһֱŵĻúýѵһŮˡ
ԾǺȥô
ΪλˣǹΪ֮Խġ
ϰ塣
Цţ˿εϰ塣
˵
ȻղŵĻҲˣ޸ʱͼӵϰɡ
һĨЦŨڴǣЦεϰ屳ëը
ӵϣʲôϣ
ܰЩ⣬ڿĽһſıʯеһ̣ҲЦ
滵ϲ
֪ܰ˽ҪʲôҲͬѡһЩʯУ֮˸Ǯ

1863 Ϸ

1863 Ϸ
ȥһ·ϣܰ˼׽ô̡
ΪҵǧΪүЩҲʸ
̾ȻҲ磬ܰ벻Ŀʲô
˵ʵһǲǾҵء

İܰһۣϱӵ鶼ܳ
˵ģҲһΪʲôԭ
ˣ벻׵Ͳˡ
Ǽôģ
ϣܰһ˵ˡ
๫˵һ뵣ġ
Цţڤҹ仰ķҲΣǣóĻһֲٵı뻹
нһ̵ʱܰͻȻ
ȿӿһۣд֣īϢʮŨҲ֪ʲôġ
ʱܰصУбһҲһ̨
ϺǣСʲôʱϲϱīֽЩʱˣѲ˵ǴɱɱϰˣҪԲɡ
öҷ˲ɡ
ܰСĽ黭̨һԣĵ̬ȴǡǡĳŮġ
ȥ󺣵쿴鷿е̨ˣɽˮôǿźԵѡ
ǿнֶԭУıƤë̺һЦĿܰһҾ֪ݽȥıܰɫһӺ
ʲôǸʲôĴڸлѡ
ô
˵̬ȣܰҵĺܡ

ʲô
ܰһ۽ģֿ˿̨ͻŸǸľͷӦϲɡ
ûʲôĳ˴˵£ܰˣ֪ˣֻ۵Ǹ˲Ǳģ
ױģĵı飬ܰİһ
ģȻȡЦң
У𶯣䣡
Уĺܰ˴ţ··ܰ³ʱ򣬽Ŀ˽ǰվŵĸ󺣡
󺣣ôһղﰡôܰ
˽ĵĻһľګеĺˣܰǰеһŹ͸ܰ
ʲô˼
ܰ˿еĹʵػǲڵһһĺá
ôõĹģ
һ⣬󺣵ĿܰϣҪ˵Źҽ͸ܰԭ
֪ϲЩұѰ˹
Ҳ͵ˣ󺣳Ž񣬱׼תȥ
пֵĽεҡҡͷľͷȻܰлű˴ˣ̫Դˣ˵ģҲ˵˵Ļ
һᣡ
Ҫߣܰס˸󺣣̨͸˸󺣡
ǡ
Ϲ̨ϲţϲˣˡ
һʮֺĻҲ˵ʲô㽫̨ͻˣ˵󣬶ԣûп˸֮ȥ
ۣܿǰĸְ
ٴ̾һ͵󺣺ֻܰģҲֻˡ
ܰ๫͸ϳԷȥȥ
ȥˣҪȥ
ܰ˻и͵ĹСŮ˵ģжôɬˣеŮ
ˣҲûظˡ
ɣǾͻظɣ
ʼգ뿪ſʼľͱĸΪȫһҪ˰ȫ⡣
ڻصľҲһ
ֵܣˣ
ΪҲֵˡ
һ˳ȥүǮټһг̶С㱨ŷŹǮ˵ˣҲûʲôǮˡ
ڳԷȫֵǽӼãģľкԽϰ
صʱǰѾֱͣ͸ҵı־
ļ򵥵شкΧȹʼ
ʱ˲ٺöҪһζȣԲܶ๫
һʱʱ䣬һӵĲ˰ڷ룬Ľպõ;ȵɢһϣֻͻϵط𣬰һζϺʿˮ
ǾȻ֪ա
๫ԡ
һˣΪһòͰɡ
ڤҹŽĵ֣۶ɫ
һ¶ȳԣ㷹С
£뿪˴һǲȵΧˣڤҹϺ
ǸϻףүһνĿΪ顣
ϣ롣
ڤҹ˿ӣϺҲ׷ӣž㣬㡣
û뵽ձ¥ĳӺ̫̫ˣÿһյĻǡô⣬һһ
ζζ
ϱȥһ鼦⣬˭֪ȴڤҹһаԶ䳷ߡ
ϣ˱ķϲԡ
ҲһˣҪԵʱҲǱԶˡ
˱Ҳԡ
ʱ䣬ֻҪϺӼвˣᱻԶ˵ԶԶأǲҪҪġ
ү˼Ϸףݵ飬Ҳֻĸ֪
ϻôãȻڤҹٶΪΣ޷ڸǣѾͷڤҹŮˣ˭Ҳ˺
ĸˣ
ţ
ϵ˵ͷָָԼ
Ϸ֪Ҳ֪ɽׯׯҲ֪һǹеļ˾Ҳ֪
ҧſӣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀǰһ̲ˣԵʵӣһΰԶûн˶ߡ
óԣóԣ
һӲˣҲĳȥƬ̵Ĺһ̲˾ͱԵĸɸɾ
أ֪ôģϾķ˺ҶСʶǽԱκͼĻ
ڤҹ仰û˵ɻŶŨҵв֮⣬ڹٳл켣˴뱲ӣڤҹﻰʲô˼
үģȻҼСӺǺѣĳҲȻվүߡ
ҲӼǰһ̲ˣԶûжһ׷һڲһڷԵǽһ㣬ûԹһ
ڤҹָ̧̧䣬ԭߵĲһһ
͸϶˳Եġôأؤûɶ
վһԵİԶֱü֪Լո߳ɱϾ͸ǳԹɽ亣ζĹ壬࣬ЩŹۡ
ڳдʵĽĻص˴ʱĸϺѾ뿪ˣһӲҲʣ޼
ȥֺˣ
һӲˣô
Ϻأʲô
ûʲôһЩ͢ϵ飬Ϻлظˡ

1864 ѻʵ۸

1864 ѻʵ۸
ڤҹ֣زŽĶۼ
ôŪĺСèһ
ҪŪϺ࣬㲻֪ҵϺôס
İһڤҹŪʳĻԼ
ߣΪȥ¥Դͣʲôʲô
ļٵģ
ĺɵĿڤҹ϶ôģ
ڷǼ鼴˵ϼһʲôı
ϼһ
ĽԼϼһֵʱڤҹ΢΢üͷ
Ϊǿ彡ֱ׳꣬ϼһƺΪʵס
ڤҹеЦ⿴ĽĻëģʲôء
ûлãȥ¥ʲô
¥ĶҪһûĺóԣȥ¥ԵĻԿ⡣
⣿
԰
һ⸡ԺУİŰԶľȥ⣬ȻгС飬Ȼøֵζϣǩִ
ŪˣҲøζѾǩϡ
ְұȫ̾ҲҪǩ֣ʲôã
ûǩôǺľҲС
ûǩúľ֦ҲǿԵġ
ʱʱ䣬ǽ඼ĺľ֦ˣʲôӣԼҪǾҡ
սĵָʾúľ֦кõ⴮һ𣬲̿Ͽ
ʱ̵صÿһ˵Ķߣ˴εζҲƮɢڿС
̿Աߣľһֱʿˮ
㲻㣿
㣬ţȻ뵽⿵ķӡ
ڤҹЦţеĳʮ㡣
İ˰֣Ĺ
ķкܶ˶֪ģֻⷨʦҵġ
˵ķǶɴڸģһ˵˸⿵ķʽ
ԺУι̿ڵϣȴ⴮죬һı鼫棬һſζһſˮ
ʱſе̫౾ͨ¼ݵĻȴ̫ࡣ
ʲô֮㡣
ĻĻعͷеոտá
޿ҳһ
Ŷ
ĺǲԸĽһĻϾ˼ǻʵۣҲþܾǿ֮е
๫Ҳ㲻㡣
˳ԣΪȵȲż
ڤҹ֪Լҷﲻˬ㽫һιĳԡ
ɣһһڣͶܳԵˡ
ҧһڿֽ͵ڤҹߣڤҹҲҧһڣеЦᡣ
óԣ˵ˡ
ǣ˭ҿǽģ
βͶҪϵЦݲڤҹĶͬҲڿĻС
Ļ㲻񷽲ûйأ׷𿾴صԼĸλϣһһ͵͵ſһ߾ܰ
ˡ
ĺһھƣһڣκξƺڤҹһߡ
Һһڣһڣ
˺ȶ˱ʧ̬ΪΪ˺á
ڤҹ̫ĺȴ֮ʲôУһΪ˽ĺãҲǲýʱģ˿ԼĻҲɡ
๫ٺһڣұ֤Բȶ࣬òô
˺βһڤҹֻΪ˶һھơ
ĵģĲУڤҹջýĺһڡ
ֻҪһڣһСڱǡ
ץƺĽĳڤҹи˹˹ţˮһ㽫һƶȥ֮һ̵ʧ
ڤҹҶݰڣ
ȡý׶ʤĽѾʧĻڤҹ˵Уڤҹһг˵ıǳ硣
ּЦˣҼҷ˻С
ް޼һ棬ҲȤ
ЦţĻЦһĨĹâֻâ˲ɢԲ׽
ҹɫ֮䡣
鷿УĻڤҹ˵Źڱ߾⣬߾ѾҵѾˣҲص
ܹͻ֡
ڤҹĻǰĻ׼عʱ򣬴ӰĽ͵һȭĻ۾ϡ
Ȼı๫
˵ţתһαסڤҹ
๫ģҽڣκħ˺㣡
ˣˡ
ε̾һڤҹᱧŽģĳ˻еСŮ˲֣һܵڤҹıϡ
๫㱳˼ȥǺòѽҳѽȿȣҪʼ˹
ɤӣŲӾͿʼһҪ֮ϵһ֮ĻЩĸߡ
ع
ǣ£
æĻףʵۻǺĸС
ԶȥʧУһȭĻǽʧеӰ
СѾͷһȭ޼ˡ
һߣȶ˵ĽļһϣҪڤҹʱֵĻܱĸˡ
峿
࡫
ǸʲôšóԵĲһ
õҩݡ
Ե㲹һ
֮󣬽Դ۾ۣںѾ˺ܶ࣬ڤҹʮ£ȶ֮Ļ档
ǺҲ˽һ糿źĻ档
ϴǲϴģⱲӶϴ
ۡԶǮţóԺúȵġ
ľǰԶľϷ˶ȥ룬ʹ
ô
УأɰСߡ
ȣǮľС
ЦЦЦ֪ЦҲҵ㡣
İڤҹһۣ֪ȶʲôУ
Ƿ˵Ľȴеζжڤҹϣڤҹ޹ĺܡ
ΪѾٰȰ裬κηһУΪҲֻ˳˷ˣ˭÷Ϊ֮ˡ
Ϻ꣬ǹģ
ĺһϵĻģֹˡ
ڤҹǲǴ˱ˣ
ţ˿ǰһȭ˻ֵ۾ϡ
֣
ڤҹ֮£յĻ档
ϣʵ۸ˡ
զ죬զ졭զ죬ڤҹҰָˣҰʵ۸ˣզ죬һ᲻Դ
ĻˣϾǿĻʵۣ֮ϵİڣһ仰ܳȨ۷֮ˡ
Ǹʱ˵ʵ۸ˣĻǼһ᲻ʬȻʬΣι˹
ŽĻŵС飬ڤҹеЦǽһᣬͬʱҲһɶȤζ
˷ģΪڣΪѾƽ飬ֻǡ
ֻʲôѽ˵
ĽĲҪҪģֻʲôôˣ
ֻǱΪ˱סˣȫļҲƣڵѾĽҲˣ˻᲻Ϊ򡣡
һԼû¶ĳһڤҹļϡ
ģһ;Բ磡

1865 ԰Ϸ

1865  ԰Ϸ
ȻڤҹϣĻЩ顣
ƽʱ֣ɴʵۣǿɲС¶
ĵµĶһʱ䣬ֱȷû¶֮һ
һ죬ڤҹڻʹûлǵǣĪĻʲô̵Ҫ
ľʲôô
ŽСı飬ľЦ
˱µʱô£ʱһͷı顣
ľţİһľſҿڤҹ
һôƽƽ棬Ļһ¶
ƺˣƵ¶챣ӣĻ˰ɣд
ĻܹϷ飬ڣڿȺ˰ʱʱ䣬ȵ˹ڤҹ
Ȼڤҹ֮⣬Ļ
Ļʱ򣬽ſˮ
ѲڤҹûаƽĻͷ
Ļһǰ֮еĺɫҪ
ٴſˮǰһڤҹ
£Ϸ鶼һΪ๫ûһǮĹϵҪĻ͹ϡ
ĻˣҲΪǣڤҹ
Ȼ֮ϵʱڤҹĲǮûԴöҲõãȻܶʱ򶼸ڵҪǸˡ
ȻˣҲʲôĹ֮ˣһһ˳е˾Ǳһ٣Ȼ̸Ǿؽȥȥǻȥ¸
ֻڤҹǰĽĽеԼϣƽȻ֣ؼʱ̻ǻӦñˣ⻭ڤҹůӿ֣ƽﻹûаѾͷ
ǸʲôȣȻ¶ˣﲻһٰŻؽУ
ǵһ̣Ļּۻ۸Լȡ档
֮ʱĻЦ˳˫֮м֮ɫڤҹ
ƿˣ
ػֵĻ˵ľˣЩͿȱŷ˻ȥѾơ
£ڤҹǰһĺᱧڻн
һĻýеɱƣˡ
Ļɱˣ
Ϊڣ˲صġ
ڤҹ仰ǳ׵׵һҲйİһ
ˣΪĻҪҵͷء
ĴڤҹĻбŽżڤҹļ
Ȼûɶ¶ˣҾͲ鷳ˣ
࡫
һϵҲûʲôɿڵĶ뿪֮ǰڤҹҪҪҹ׼ըԡ
Ǿͷˡ
ͷͷ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĽĽ˳ʱը鷿С
鷿ڣʵĻڤҹ飬˵ݽûֻǸڤҹһġ
棬һڤҹһŸԼԣ͵鷿ʱ򣬽ķԼȻ˴ף㽫ԼһըҲ鷿ô׻ʱ򣬷ֱӦԼһ澹ȻĻС
ղûгٵóԵըˡ
°Ծͺã
ſˮĶĶߴﹾĽУκ汻ĻˣҲֻ»سԼһ档
ɻը档
ڳиԼһµը׼¶ǣ̫С鲽ǰڽĵһЦеı鿴ĽС
ɶ
ľĿ̫࣬Ҫɶ
ģųԵ٣ըֺͱθڡ
̫Ĳڳԭ򣬼֮һ仰ĻûгԱһը档
һı飬̫ЦţӻóһԪϡ
Ȼ֮ǱϾŹʥϣһը˵Ӧ֪
ԣв
İŷһĨĹâ֣ϲв
ȥһ룡
Ⱥ˵ĽոõһըƸҽһԪС
ʶʱΪܣǶġ
лūˣ
ըʧڳڣĿŽʧҹɫеһĨӰ
Ҳ֪ôˣ̫࣬Ļĸоɱ̸Ц֮䣬ϲ
࡫
æһϣ˸ճʱһ֮⣬ˮûһڡ
ˣˣ
ȻҲûʲôθڣĸɴϴ˸صԺ˯˹ȥ
УĳһƬԭУããĲԭ߼ʣɫһ
Ҫ߳ƬԭԼôߣǰɫɫ
ڴʱ֮ܲнǧ׵磬׵أһɫ׵֮Уһѵɫڷɡ

û֮ڷɵӰȷȷʵʵ񻰹д˵ľɫ
ɫƲн䣬ڽǰһ˫ɫӿŽģ֮еɫʶǧ꼸һ
ɫû˵ſڽĵߡ
ĸоͷоȻһϤĸо֣ظɫͷǸоŪࡣ
Һ㡣
ᣬɫ࣬ͷϻ˫ۡ
ָоĺϤǺܾúܾǰʶһɽȷԼûмοһ
峿ɢڴϣĴʱѾ֮ʡ
һ糿ܰҴһϢ
ˣҹҡ
ܰҲֻ֪˵˼֣߹׷ʲôҾͺûйϵˣֻҪˣǸϢ
ļٵģ
еʧ䣬Ͼĥֶλûȫϣͼææ뿪ˣҲãһӶˡ
ôɶ¶
ĴŹǷܰŮ磬һ¶ġ
㲻Ҷˣ԰Ϸ֮үҪȥ̺ɽׯôҾȥ԰úÿϷһԴ͡
⡣
һҲûкڤҹк뿪ֱܰ԰
԰ϰԶԶľ͵Ŷˣ׼ѵλã׼˶ϲԵСġ
԰УǶϷ籯ϣĺܰ񣬽Լ֮УΪǱŮ
ÿ
ܰҲ˫ۣŮ֮İ޾
˵İųأǳȴ¡
µĴžһѵĹ£֮УŮͳమˣǿɱǣమȴأգŮҹҹػһŴصİ

1866 

1866 
Ů˼ʶһжִ֮ڻ
ɻʲôãѾΪľ㳿ӵҲ졣
ҹҹػ˼ԱߣأҲ˼һ
ֲãŮͳһˣʵ֮վ޷͵ᡣ
㳿֪һжԼĴŮҲǴŲʺʧ仹оʼնδ⿪Ľᡣ
뿪԰ѾˣеŮ˸֮մȾĺܰΪ˵Ĳ̾
Ҫ˵ǸXXȻŮŮһųĲҪôһҪôʮǧ
ܰһϣֱл˵԰ϷЩ¶
˵ΣҪ²ŮҪֻгˣŮҲ֪ΪԼһ˵ִ²˼
УΪȨһУ
ܰһźݺݵҧţƺǿźǳ
ЦţȻ˵ֻһϷ磬ɲ֪ΪΣȴ˸УͷԼһ
ڶ˳Էʱ򣬸󺣴ӾƼǰ߹
ǲǸôҪʲôȥ
һʳδھƼгԷĽĺܰ
ܰſڽŸ󺣣ȴԼٶʧС
è壬ȥ
ܰĲʲôûĸڸ˹ֵ֮󣬿ͣһũԺǰ
ʱũԺĴŴ򿪣߳һŮŮ־Ȼڸ󺣵ţܰһŭ
󺣣Ȼ¶ιͲܰ
ȵȣ
ס׼ǰȥܰŸ󺣲ĺĵˣˣʱڶҲ١
ܰǿѹסеŭ֮Ҫǧеĺ⡣
УҾͿʲô͡
ܰͽĶûǰʱĸѾŮ߽ԺУһǽԺʱʱһͯЦ
Ϲ۾ˣǾȻӶˣ
ֱܰһԾǽҪʲôĺ꾫ܴܰˡ
꣬ڿˣ
˵ģĻǲŸˣ˵ۼΪ飬ʱۿһҲһʵġ
ڽĺܰ˵֣ԺźͯˣĸϤѰ̧ͷǽͷſŵŮܰ˭
ܰôˡ
ߣҪǲô֪ĺ¶
ܰҲڣǽͷ˫֮еŭ𲻿ɶƵȼš
󺣣㻹ʲôý͵ġ
ͣ
󺣿˿Ժеļֿͯ˿ܰɫһ죬鱻ץһֱ֪ܰоϴı顣
ð鷿㻹˵ңȴͱŮ˹ģ
ܰһһ£æֱʾܰˣûйġ
ܰҸһһֻϲһˡ
ߣҲŲأô˵ҿۿ
ܰѧŷŮ͸֮ľٶԽ˵Խܰɱˡ
ܰˡ
ܰΪŭԭǳԴˣľګϸֳһĨЦ⣬Цܰջ
ЦЦʲôЦΪܷΪ٣ǲǾԼģľܹŮˣ㣬ﲻϡҪ˱רһһһֻȢһԲ檣У
ܰһԵ˵ԼδĹ򣬶󺣾һţϵЦԽŨҡ
ʼգĶڹ۲СԺڿϵЦ֮ʱҲһС
ܰˡ
ĿΪ󺣿ѣܰ˫˽һۡ
ģ㵽վ˭Ǳߣ
ǣ
һʼڿŮ͸֮ľٶҲЩˣǸ߽ģ󺣲ḡˣһԭ
Ǻڷܰŭʱ䣬ĻܣټϸŵʳУװĶҩݣҲһЩ顣
ʱŮԺе˳˫ֲܣһ˫ɫ˻ɫĳӦ紿һȴڵ˿
ˣпô
Ůɳ쳣԰׵ɫ۲ѡ
ļǰŮ˸󺣺ܰǰ
Ѿˣܰȷʵˡ
ˣ
󺣵˵ͷܰͽĴ˴ΪԺһլۡǰһܼլۡΪϹΪһԩǣԻĵز
ϹҺ͸ǰǺǰүչϹõӣʹˣξͽ˸󺣡
Ÿ󺣵ĽͣܰεĿ
ŶԭϹӰСʱһء
ܰ˹Ϲҵ飬Ϲ۾ôһ¶
˵ˣ
εҡҡͷϹ˫ΪʧҽҲ޼¡
ⲻԶҽһϹӵ˫ۿġ
ܰŽģڻŸ󺣵ʱ˫ֲϵĳŽĳߣֻϣܽһӣȻҸʵĽ뿪ҪȻ̫ˣȥܰںεذ
УУֻҪӦίУܰţС
ܰÿﴫϢ΢΢üͷε̾һ
ǿԣҪڰ֮Ҳܵóʱ䡣
ıʾԽϹ˫ۣǣڴ֮ǰҪʱ䣬棬һϹúõؿһ£Ϊ˸õƣҲûʱ䣬Ҫڤҹȥ̺ɽׯƣ֮ҲҪָϰѵǸ˵ϹĻҪ֮С
УҾʹ󺣴Ӧˣǰû¶ĻǾˣĹ
εҪΪҪץģû뵽Ūһ
ܰŽ׼뿪Ժ֮ʱܰ󺣸ץסˣֱӸڼ԰ӣʲôȥǾͺͽûйϵˡ
ʱıԺֻʣ½ĺϹˣϹŽĸԼл⡣
л
ްһʤ߼ΪҽӦõġ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĺϹ˼뿪Ժӣص
һ·ϣĶڻżڱԺʱһĻĻ
䵱ľͷһɫصĽģš
ǲʲôֻ֮ҪԸһְȥ졣
û¶Ŀǰ˵ûĹϵ

1867 һĻ

1867 һĻ
Ŀǰ˵Ϲ޷в
ڽԺʱ򣬷һ飬һҪ顣
Ϲ˫ʧʧΪɣ¶һҩֶ۾Ϲһ
УϹԺŵһʮصѬ㣬ѬǾԲģУҲǽļƷϣҲֻҲʸá
ʣҵĶôǱԺϹԺУˣ˿ԵĵطҲ̫̫ࡣ
ڻϹô
֪
ȻϹһ尸Ĵ뱰ְҲʶĵʱ˵ϹҵһЩ顣
ľͽ˵˵ϹҰĹ̡
ȷɣϹͨѹȻƽˣϹҹᣬĿʲôڻûвΪ飬ýϹһøɸɾжµĺͯȫնɱ
ڸϵ֮£ŮӣڱԺеϹǵϹˡ
أ
ûʲô¶ˣ˸ϼҵ˾ȥϹǣû˽ӴˣأϹҾʧյУΪʷеһ΢
ľ뽪˵ŵ飬Ҳ˵ǰȫüͷһС

˵˵ţˣĻûлعľòѡ
ֱ鷿ƿ鷿ŵʱδڤҹĻվǰŹǽϵһ
ǽĵĴɽˮһֻϻֻϻĺһֻèƵģ˿̿
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ѽ
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£զˣɫ̫أ
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˵˴Ļͣڳϣֱ۴һԡ
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סҸ¿ǡ
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һԵ̫ຣȫ̰Цۣ˳鷿
ʲôëҲûУ尲ܻ
ĿһĻ֪ΪΣܾʵ۸оǲ֪ͬǲԼĴ֮ȫƤһء
޽һʱĲҪһҩô
Ҫҩֶ
ջ׼ĻҲһģʱ鷿Żڤҹ˽һڤҹ໵һȥ˺βһסڤҹ
๫ǻˣȥˣҵĺأ
Ϊ򷽲ȥһЩΪô
֮ʣڤҹеЦ˲ռᣬ˫ҲӵŽġ
鷿ԶĻջ֣ҲָЦա
ˣмҪ˵Ⱥͱģȥˡ
ĲûеĻǰ˵ԼϹĻɣڻһ飬ֻһڤҹһЩԼŪ׵⣬ˣ˵Ϊ
뿪鷿ȥ·˺
ףź£ôй䡣
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ūźô꣬µϰԣҲ֪ºүǹֵܡ
һ仰һ仰˵ţһ׼ͣһһһֵź˵Ļ
ļֵʱ򣬽Цˡ

˵
еĿϣ׼ŽĸĴ𰸡
Ҳ֪ҵݣǽүС㣬Ժ谮ţ๫谮ţһҲǱˡ
棬ֹ֣ЩǾԲԿЦġ
ҽļȻѾڤҹӣպڤҹұ㻹ڤҹҾǹѸҲζڤҹһޡ
˵һ룬ĽõĲȶ˵˺ǰ
ңҾԲʹУҲ뿪
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ѾˣҾͲȥˣͷѲ˷Ҳˡ
£뿪˳ảеɫ
صԺУڳϣѾǶĩˣۿŴϢԽıƽ
ڻǲв
ü壬治뵽ĻȻúֻ˵ڤҹţڤҹҲΪĻӡ
űְ¡
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鷿з飬Ǻ˵飬Ҫڤҹ˵Ȼעڼĳ߶⡣
ǣ
ľ֪ǲԼү϶
ҹɫ˯ˣεһһİĻ档
УоβϹиָȴʮϤĶ
鷿Уľ鷿к뽪˵ĻԼ鷿Ļľٶһһ֪ڤҹ
ȻӦе˵ΪΪүܺþõȥҲܿܽһкг
ү̫ˣ
Զ֪Լ˵һԽˣΪˣûʸȥӵģǱµ̫ˣȻ֡
ĵƻ£ڤҹָû
үҽڶǵ֪²϶
ľΪԼүˣȴ֪үȴȻЦ
ڤҹЦԭܼ򵥣ǽ뺣˵һţСѾͷӣˣСѾͷΪһڤҹȻṼ
ȥʹ棬ȥеְȥ̺ɽׯ
ǣү
ѾȶˣүΪĴۣҲ˵µľ֮
ڵүҲӦΪԼˡ
ľϿֱʹ˯еĽĲ֪緢ʲôžββͺһٵ塣š
ÿɰëף
УβС׺۵Ŀʧȥˣеˮסĵ
뿪ڽһˣСװֹǲת顣
𣬽ĵӰʧˣСײ֪ԼټһǶ֮ˣŽɢӰ̲סˮڵ
ˣ
ҧСױΣһϮ³ȹľ١ŮŮվһɫĿӣС׵ļϡ
ϱˣ׻˵úã˲ٻǧֻ꣬һܻóþãҲһڤҹصġ
˵ǻް׵ۣ׵۵ĿԼϱοţȻôڡ
ѾǵھˣϣҲҪܿˡ
һ׹˸Сף׵ۣʧ
գ
أľⶣ졣
۵ĹǷϴ멣˫ִƤë˯Ŀػص
ҪɶҰӻİ
Ļүʰǰ̺ɽׯ
ǻû˯ѣû仰ʲô˼
ûף˵һ飬ȥɶط
ȥ̺ɽׯ
ȷ˵Ǳ̺ɽׯжôĸˡ
ϣȥʰʰ
򵥵ʰһҲûʲôʰģǲصһЩ˽ǮС֮⣬Ľе񶼴һȻ뿪ȥ
ܰһϾҪǰ̺ɽׯ۶ǲ֮⡣
󺣿ȥʲôط
ѽⲻص㣬صҪȥ̺ɽׯõʱ䣿
ۣܰµĿŽģһҲ֪òܼһĪĸоͷܾһٴμҪþúþԺ
ȥµʱˣ㿴С飬Ҳһ
֣ܰеˮӻóһҩ衣
ҩʦҵģţʲôΣյĻ˱
֮ģң
ܰýĵʱܰӽʱжһɫס
ģš
ܰɫ׽˽ĵС

1868 ˿׵

1868 ˿׵
ɫȻͣΪľǽҵĹһֱС
֪ܰҪ뿪֮󣬱㽫ɫ״˳͸˽ġ
ס
žˡ
ܰҪ˵ʲôɲ֪ôڣԼĴɡ
ӱ̺ɽׯʱѾ죬ʱҴȥһĵضǵضҲֻ֪
ãҲҪúõ¶
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĵĽύܰѡ
һӷֱµʱ䣬Ҳ᲻ãΪܸõڤҹĲ飬ҲǱҪǰ̺ɽׯġ
ܰƬ֮󣬽ĳصɳѾһС
ˣ߰ɡ
ϣ
ڤҹͬһǾټǨ뿪඼
Χ۵·ǲĿŽʧеһʡ
үҪʲôȥΪɶĶô󣿡
㲻֪ôүҪȥ̺ɽׯ˵ҪүĲ顣
ŶԭˣһСϢ
ʲôСϢ
Ҳ˵ģ˵ү֮뿪඼ȥ̺ɽׯҲΪ˶ˡ
ˣʲôˣ仹үµô
Ǻ棬ү˾µˣʲôˡ
˭Ȼ֮ˡ˵λǿ˵ү֮󣬱㽫ʹסĻء
ɣϢ˾ģ
Ϣһյɴ˫۲ŵĿ˵ӣҲʼ磬ʾһж˵ģôҲ˽⡢
⻰ԺԲ˵Ҫɱͷģ
ʱ뿪ǵУĽܰ͵Ľ˿׺úõرһԣڤҹ˿׵ʱϸӸֳһĨ֮ɫ
ϵĽ˿ף
ţȥܰʱѾͷ˵ʲôҲҪ˿׸ңûޣҾֻˣ
ıʾΣðɣ˺ðɡҲ֪˿׵Ĺ֮
˿֪˿׵
֪һЩҵ˵ĸ׾ȻʣȻΪ˱л͸Ͻ˿ס
˵Ŵӵ飬õ˲࣬ǡе˶ʥʥϽ
ֻ֪һ֪˿׳˵ǹˮ֮⣬һҪĹؼڡ
˿׵һ̣˵ʵڤҹһ£û뵽ܰȻὫⶫˡ
ؼڣʲôؼڣѲ˿֮лʲôرͼɡ
ֻǿЦѣΪһЦȴǳΪġ
ˣ˿֮Ĵһرͼ˵ֻ֮һȴǲرͼΪҪһڡ
ڤҹĿڽ˿ϣǰĻضһ˵Ƕڷ˻ǶɽĴڡ
Ȼ֮Խɫ״͸ϽһΪ˽ϽĹҲ˿ס
˿ף
ֵĲˣȻ˿ôҪȻΪʲôⶫ˱ܣԼߣ»бȻʹΪ׵ıĵضô
֪˿׵Ĵ֪߹ȴ˿׵Ҫ֮ϽΪսķĴ󽫾Ȼѹ߹ҰģټȻ佫ңȴһطԺܺõı˿ס
ڤҹ˵Ȼ֮Խ˿׽ұܵԭ
һϽ˵ȡ֮˵˼ҲΪݡ
ݣʲôܷȻ
֪طĴڣϾǸ׵ʦͬĴڣСҲָط
һΪҲ߹һֱల¡
񣬽˿һ뿪ңȻһȷѪꡣ
ͻȥ
Ҳ֪龹Ȼصĵزֻһ˿׶ѣû뵽ǣΣա
ͻȥȽףһǰ̺ɽׯģܳʲô
ˣȻѾˣ㽫˿°ɡ
ͻȥҲΪʱڤҹεЦţЦû𱸣ֻ֮顣
ǣⶫôΣգһ
˲õģһΪڣ۷ʲô飬Ϊ򶼻ߡ
ڤҹָ֣ظŽĵգеôů
ĳ̾һֻǽһѣû뵽䴳ôĻ¡
ʱһߵĸң϶һˮЦӯӯĿڶ
СӣƺͳһģĿɹڵġ
ںҲ֮һ
Ҳ豭Ŀ۸ϡ
ϱôһ˵һ첻ףܵȻЦ
⻰˵Ϸǲ⣬Ϸʲôû
һ޹ıеЦȴüͷ
ε̾һҲ֪ԼôܲϾܰǺѣΪҲֻôˡ
ү˿ףңһطѾʧȥãֻϣõ˽˿֮ܽ䴦á
ܰ˿״ߵʱӦֹϾ˿ҵʥػͣϵҫ
ܰ˿׽˵Ļһᾡֹ
ϣǲˡ
Ƕԣ˭ֱܷοˡ
ϻл̾һеıӷϡ
˵ʵϷĻҲϷҲô
˿׵û˱ǸҲûбȽĸʺϵõ˿ˡ
һֱԽ˿еĲرͼΪһطŽ˿ײûб֡
񣬱Ž˿׵طʧȥЧãҲǳε²߲Żˡ
ˣȻ˿ѾͳȥˣͲҪˣ飬Ϸⷻ͵һ顣
˵µʱ򣬸ţ˫иֳһĨ֮ɫ
ȻֻŴԣ޷粻ˣض³ټǰʱ³Ĵ࣬ʵڽ˲òġ
ڵı¶ͼıô
һҲòʹֻܰŮûиκδ𰸣ŮүȽ˭޷ƻ
үĹϵȵүָ֮뿪ô֪ģɵʱүĿ֮󣬱Ȼ뿪
ǿүģȻү飬񣬱ͻȻ֣֮ڰʹһЩСֶΣүУҲټǨƵ뿪඼
ױʲôˣϣ鲻ҪŸķչ롣
ϣô룿

1869 ̺ɽׯ

1869 ̺ɽׯ
ʣҲЦЦǲûиһĴ𰸡
ô룬үǻʵۣǿ˳ģֵܶʲôԸҲס
ңʵĻΪڸ鷽ȴǼ̳ȻʵԸ֮УûŮܵõµĴֻϣ¶ԽҲֻȤѣܿɢȻ룡
̾һϽһĲ豭Ƹ
ϣʲô˼
˼ǣҶ˺Ȳͺã飬ֱܲ㲻֣ȻҺ͸ң߹ᱻǣС
Ϊô
Ҳ֪ĶݣĻΪһ´ҵľô
ϻ˫ۣһ仰гڡ
ԣΪһġ
Ϻ˵ĻĲ֪ô˿׵ĽҲֻܽС
˾ҸضˣȻɵĽ˿׹ޱȣôҲûҪ
ʮ֮ĳ˱̺ɽׯ
߹ΪǵɽׯѽɽׯΧܸܵһȻ֮
̺ɽׯҽģ̺ܽɽׯҪô߹Ȩ֮ˣҪô߹Ǯĸټı̺ɽׯһ泯󺣣󺣷紵һ޷ݵ֮ȫ
ĻʺģһʱڣҾԻ̥ǡ
ʮڤҹȫʱ棬˸ֶڤҹ壬ƽһˣҲǾĵҩš
˵ţ᲻ñ˳һڣֻЩʵ̫ˣʵǲµҩŵķ
ůůĺ紵棬Ŀű̺Ĵ󺣣ЬںˮС
ľºץ㣬ǽԺʴͣ
ϣ
ľŵץʵĶУ֮£һȻӰһ㻶ѵ߮ں֮Уڤҹվں̲ϿǵӰ֮ޱرš
վڤҹİԶ˿ģֽĿԼүϣд˵ǡ
׼үµļڣ֮ô죿
̫ʲôԸˣԸҲģһıԶǵĺСһʱǴȱ۵״̬ºص඼
ү¡
Զ֪ôڣϾ¶Ҳ˵˭뵽»ԼȤ
ΪҪǣڿʱ򣬼Ǽţɻ͸һΣյζ
ºԼүͬѵֵܣ񡭡
һţ˵õĶڱ̺ɽׯҪ
ڤҹһ仰Ѿе˼ֶ֪ܲСѾͷУȻ֪Īʲôʱģֻڤҹӡ
ǣүְͿӱš
Զڤҹ˼ͬĻѾµ˵ˣҪѸ£˶֪ľ
ҹɫ֮䣬ȼշžص˶ߣ֮⣬ʳ˵ֱˮ



ʲôʱܿð
ľ˶ϵʣһɴ۾޲úһûпĴϺ
ҪһᣬֲǶͶ̥ģ֪Ϊǅȡ
ľһۣļźʣȴһֻϵĺ֮һһӳǰǶ˼Ұһſõʳ
أͱˣѾ˱ġ
ڤҹ岻˳ЩԺʳǺеĺִżߵļֵ㻻һʳĻһַȥ⿡
ҹɫ£һ뺣Ľڤҹ࣬ԲŶˣǵ¹ڽĵϣӦһ˿˿Цݡ
ʲôǲǾرر
һ춼ÿ춼߹ŮӣΪ򱻷Եߵ
ڤҹһ仰ýҪ
У˵Ưˣġ
ڤҹУ˫ֱϥǣͷڤҹࡣ
ò˵оۣԷһһ񻭾еһ޷תĿ⡣
ڿʲô
ûʲôģһκģΪһˡ
Цţڤҹȴ΢΢彣ü
˾Ϊô
ڲ㰡ӰĶأ˵Ѿ˴룬һЩز棬һΪúõһôʹǱⲻ˵ġ
ĸ֪ڤҹڱ̺ɽׯʱɲǵĶȼ٣ȻӦ˵ҪҪڤҹĶȫ׵׵Ľ缲κãΪһˣΪ缲š
֮أȵΪĲ鿵֮󣬷˻һֱΪô
ڤҹ˵仰ʱĿⶢŽģŹκεС
ڤҹô˵ѿڶĽȴԥˡ
ΪʲôҪԥһ˿˿Ĳᡣ
˵ɣóԺúȵĹңô˵ҲҪúõĻүȵʲôʱ湻ˣүıҲõĳף뿪Ҳ١
ĿЩ㣬顣
˵𰸣ڤҹЦţ֣޳ָ¡Ķǰɢĳ
˳ô
ˣԵĲ࣬һȥõ㺣ʳԡ
£ȵһϮٻʱ˫ֱһ裬װȫǺʣʲôзϺ󺣲εȵȵȵӦоС
ֻ¹£һԿŮһ˶һ࣬һһ׵ĳţŮһ裬ߣˬʵĿз⻭ʵЩ̫г
̺ɽׯܴڤҹͽľסĵطǱ̺ɽׯĽ԰
Ϊ˲˴ŵƣ˽԰еѾСˣ˵ضβ֮ͬ⣬Ľ԰ǰûʲô
һƺܼ򵥣ڤҹҩݣЧãǸҲеģǱƵĹлʹࡣ
ƽ̵ƵӣʹҲӡ
˷ƱǣΪͦס
ǣҾͲˣ
еĳڤҹļϣİԶľ˻һǸоͺԼһˣ۵˱һ亮
һƽˣΪ˯еڤҹҴϱӣҷԸԶúõչţҪȥ̺ɽׯɽµĳһЩҩݡ
ҩǱ̺еҩݣң糿ʱ򣬸Ϻүӷ׷ҩݣѽĸڤҹ֮ǡ
̺ǣһǺܴĳУȴ൱֮
ű̺̺˵ĺľҩ̣һЩ̺еҩݣľ䵱ſĽɫ˽ͣͣߡ
ҩˣҪɶ
զǮ˻Ǹˣ۸ƨ
ľһۣһ鲼ϱһ
ϰ壬·Ůһס

1870 ί

1870  ί
Ǻྲɫ˿һ۾;ϲ
ϣλ۹⣬ֻǱ̺ǲУոյһ
ׯϰֿŽĵ۹õȵȣһޡ
ɫĳǺܺãǮҲʮֵİ˵ˣϲɫϰ廹ǲҪˣû뵽Ȼ˿ӣȻҪúõĴһˡ
ǣ˭
ıӶ̵ϣĽԼڤҹĳߴһһϰ壬Ҹ֪ϰҪ̵ʽԼҪעһЩϸڵȵȡ
֮ãǷҪš
ôǾŰɣ֮͵̺ɽׯ԰
̺ɽׯ԰
һ⼸֣ׯϰǱ΢˭˶֪̺ɽׯʲôطܾסڱ̺ɽׯ˷Ǹ󣬸˵ǽ԰ˡ
԰԰ȵȵʮԺӶ߹ҵ˲ܾס֮أǰŮӵװྲȴһֹѲǻ֮ˣ
ʲôˣ֮Ҫúõдǡ
ǣ֮һƷ͵
Ľ˶뿪˳ׯڼҹһ׼ر̺ɽׯ
ЦʲôЦ
һ·϶ʱʱЦͣ½Ųعľ
ԴҩˣҵЦѨˣʲôЦô
Цһ·ѲɼǮˣ
ǣְЦԲԣЦүҲԡ
ľ˺üֽͣźͽĽԼ֮Цһ·ԭ
û뵽ƽЩȱ۵Ȼ˾׼ļԼүһϲãүһ˶飬ҲԼү飬ֻԼûзְˡ
ʲôЦĵطΪŮˣסЩ鲻ô
˵仰ʱ򣬲ûģֻǾΪŮˣʱŮˣסЩ鶼쾭ģΪɶ˵һȱֻԳԺȺȵɵһ
֪ƽıֿɲܼסЩˣ֪ɣүΪдһţѸ£˵Ƕڱ̺ɽׯء
˵ڤҹ඼ˣ
üͷ඼ڤҹ֮أΪҪô
ԣүΪ㣬Ϊ˱ٻ඼ˡ
ľ֪¶ͼı죬ҲΪˣүڱ̺ǣҴȥһ顣
үΪһС
㲻˵û˰㵱ư͡
ٴΰľһۣһʳеĸߵתߣֻľһͣԭؿŽĵıӰεҡͷ
ϲԼүҪѼӲ
Ҳǽİɣǻˣүῴһۡ
ҹɫ֮䣬йһ㣬̺ɽׯĵڶϣ뻮һжӣͨͨºȥץ
һȺû⣬ҿǳ֮ʲô
ߣİһҩ˸ڤҹ
ľ˵˸ԼΪһװ
װõʣҾǿǲϺã·۲ԸɴҲԼһ·
ڤҹߣĳһֻзĽֽ⣬з⡣
ˣҪ˵ľһˣĲ㵱սүôһ֮֮ϵĴڡ
ˣֻҪзΪߣѾ㹻ˡ
ڤҹſɬҩ֭Ŀ⿴ŽģеɫҪͣɫýɫݵһӺ
˵ú˭ϲȨ
ȨǺã˸ҪֻҪΪߣΪ򼴱һССİҲҸǷ뿪ˣΪ֮Ҳùµ
ڤҹ֣ĵ֮Уһʱ䣬һĨڶġ
֪ΪΣָоܾúܾǰˣֻȴˡ
ΪСǹµһˣֱ˳֡
ڤҹ˵ԼСʱ飬˵ŽĴӲ˽飬ͬҲ˵Դ˽֮ǰĺڰâƣϻ֮һ֡
ΪĹ⣬ǽΪڰ
ǰմѪȣֻʮ˲ŻΪ֮ڲͬڵǣңָоͺһ˰УֻΪ˽ġ
Ϲ˵ҲŲʲô
ɫߺţһ׿εҪ
֪ڤҹΪʲô˵ĻŪͣ
ڰУɫ£ŽʧеһӰһĨЦ⸡ڤҹǡ
˵һӺڰм˹âǽĽӺڰ˳ʱҲϰ˹
һ»ص˺ڰУڤҹ֪ԼΪʲôĴڡ
ˣһֱΪߡ
ա
أǿһθڤҹβ糿֮ء
Уһ߸ڤҹβһߴŹǷỨ
ŵ㣬ۡ
˵ĻϢһᣬΪۡ
ڤҹۣýı顣
ϢƨǸβǶһ죬һжǰˡ
ŵڶ죬ʮʮõʱ䣬ÿ춼Ҫ𡭡һ뵽ˣһͷ󣬵˵һȻѾʼˣͲܰ;ϣҲ
㻹㣬ǡÿ糿֪ô
ǣ
ԶľһίΣн𴲵Ρ
糿ƽˣĿǻصԼķ˯ȵٴҽڤҹ
ڱ̺ɽׯĻǲҪȻҪ
ŵʱڤҹֻǳ˼ڱ˿ӣ˫Žģȴĵһۡ
ʲôٳһЩô˻ĵġ
½ڤҹУļſɿڵĴ͡
ǹܳëһҪڤҹβҪźθڣܣ
ˣĲ˷֮һΪǲ
ڤҹԼǲΪڣǱ̺ɽׯĴ仰ǵѪ߹һĳӣȻ˱ͣҪô
ȻԶڳ߹һ֪Լĳձε
ˣҪȻûҹԡ
ĳԱˣһڤҹǰһԾͿţʲôʱڤҹ극ڸڤҹơ
ֻ桭е죬սķպյүʱ˿̾ǸʳС걻˶ŸϽԷ
ų󣬽ĿʼһҽΣҪ糿һЩƺڤҹУڽ԰ԺУһһ߳ű̺ɽׯĸСʳ

Ľһ̹ƵľͰԶǰһץһѹӶһԣŹӺͽŰԡ
𿴶ƽһԵʱǾͺͳ฾һ
ɣܰѾͷү
սڵʱǿŮҼǵС㵱ʱֻʮִ꣬ս˵ǿнŮӴӻи˳ν֮ʣöжɶ

1871 ҵ

1871 ҵ
ľ˵ŹܰЩ֮£ҲܰĹŮļ⣬Ҫǻ˱ˣǧ˰ٻˡ
أôģ
ʱսܰѾɱģҺӸеҪ֪ɲһˣΪԼŮ˵սˣǸֵ鶼ó
ľŹӣһ߿һ˵ܰʮʱµĴ
ҲսӵɣϾسػ߽ˣʱ»ǸռλãҲոȹ̡
սǻʵ۵ˣʺϵ۸ˣʺȻܾʹ˰ݣ뾡˸ַݺһһ˻ȥ
գʺҪˣڱµĵ֮£սҪȻս͹ˡ
ҲǣܰŮôһŮʣµĶжȻҪúõıǡ
ͬУ֪ΪŮĺôڽʱ򣬵͸Ǿͻܵһί͸Ƕըë
˵ҲǣǺֶΣս̰ܻߣȻսģ齫ʺһսᵽû˴Ǯƣ֣֮
Ҳ֪ôģ˽ܰǼĵʵĻǽĻǰԶľﶼΪĻĻҲǰ̺ɽׯ
ԭֻǼƻүβү֮ͻȥڿҲûҪˡ
үľЩľΪû뵽ĻȻע⣬ү뵽ʹУǡ̫ˡ
˵ˣְǺ棬ڽʱʲôģ
ʲôģȻǸ۵ţҸޱȵĻԵҪ½Ǹ˵ƻĻҲǧӻˡ
ÿÿ齪ľģԭڽյСӣʲôʱԵֵڼҲ٣λûʼˣ֮£뿪ĺү
ŹӣŶȣһ߶һŽ̫½ֲǡ
ҽҲǸô飬찡ҪҲŸô
ĻлǶй²ۡ
Ҳ֪ԼǰʲôȻڽô鷳

ε̾һĿһľͰԶĲԸΣҪţֻҪҽκڤҹͿԻصˣ̣̾ͺˡ
ҹɫ̺ɽׯ糿ϵƶˣǿ˯һȾˣ뵽컹Ҫ˾ͷ
ڶ죬˯еĽı˳ѣֹư趣ص԰ŵķ
һĴӣ˫ۣ֮ɱĿľԶˡ
ô
ԹǵصϮɱ⣬ľͰԶſˮˣɻǱĸץסˣסһٱ
Ǵڵһ֣ǽݵͣǶԷǽģԼүΨһŵŮˣһٸҲҶԽ֡
Ǻֻ԰УһȺүǱһŮӳɨ׷Ŵ򣬺޻֮׼ȷ˵ǲһ֡
ǽ𴲵ģ˵ʲôӶҪ
ñ׵ľίҪԼԸǣͷһֵܸˣ˵ȥˡ
˵ô
ɱδɢһɨһǼ޷ݡ
ľôһ˵ĵԼ飬ôһ¶
ȿȣǸʲôԺһӽң˭ǰһţ
ô˵ǰԶľ˵ĴļǴҲûд
ΪףΪǲס
һĨεЦȿ޻Ҫѿ֣ǻ࿴ű˴ˣǶʱѡ
˸Ľ۾Ứϵķӿţڤҹָۣ֣ĴŽ۽ǵۡ
ˣȵΪ֮󣬱ڷһؽȥˡ
סҵҪǿ㣬ƻᱻ
̫ԼϵʲôԸˣǵҲһһڤҹڼ֮ᷢʲô飬Ͳ֪ˡ
ΪΣΪ谮ŷˣΪλᱻ
ΪҵŮ˸ã
ĽеڤҹѨλҩ֭Ѫ֮Уһʱʱ䣬ǴʹĸоԽԽǿңԵĿڤҹͷϷһ亹
ͨԺԽԽǿƼ
һЩ
˵ʵҲۣÿһȥʱڤҹҪܵʹ޷ģҲЧҲڤҹ缲ķӡ
ڣ糿ƽˣĽʱ֮󣬶һҩࡣ
ɡ
ͷˡ
ڤҹԹ࣬˫ǳ谮Ŀ⣬޲ýеᶼһˡ
ȥ˯
ŹǷʵ̲ȥĽĻصԼ˯ȵʱѾˡ
й¸ڤҹ׶εơ
ڤҹȥѽ˵̺д󼯻ء
ãȥΪȥ
ڤҹЦţͭп˵Ӱ죬еЦŨ
ƽļ򵥵Ϥһڤҹ뿪˱̺ɽׯ
˳Ҫ֮⣬ҪճĵҲֻڱ̺ɽׯʲôҲ
紵棬źˮζڤҹĴֽŽĵС֣˲ǰڼУΪѰķһ
ҵ찡û뵽ȻõĶ
ĵɴ˫ۣԼһУû뵽С⾹Ȼڱ̺ǣҲǣ̺ű̺רںˮУҲͲѹˡ
˺ϲСô
С⣿
ڤҹУЩС⣬ûʲôļֵװһ¶ѣڽĵУЩӿɶʮҪҩݡ
ϰ壬ЩҶҪˣǮ
ʮˬýеӶǮȻڤҹ
ɷǮ쾭飬ڤҹҲˡ
Žϵı飬ڤҹʾľǮڽȥһ̯λ
ľʮε̾һЩСɶõģǴ󷽣һôֲ࣬ʲô⡣
ɶ취ѾѶˣϰͰ͵ĳŸǮ
ҵ졭
һҵ죬һ̯λϵҩݣ۾ǵԲ˷ž⡣
Ŀ˵ڶҵʱ򣬸ڶߵףǵǮҪˡ
ȻһҵУǸ𱣻˰ȫ˿๤

1872 ûˣ

1872 ûˣ
ˣʲô
ڤҹЩĿŽеһʯͷҿֻһͨͨʯͷΪηȴ֡
֪ˡ
ĵĺڤҹ˵ʯͷ֮
ʯͷֻһѰʯͷûʲô̫ı仯ȴǶڤҹĲżİ
ƽȵҩݣѾȥ߰˰˵Ķأǻǻһֳڡ
ҩֶѰ֪ʶڤҹҩƵʣһ۲ҩĳɷ֡
ʱȻˣ缲ҲˣҩĲɷֻҪһʱ䣬ҲӦĴۡ
ʯͷͲͬˣڤҹҩ֮ʯͷݲ貢ҽ£ԽЩҩ
ǡĻ᲻ҲƻҩЧ
ľ⣬ʯͷȻôĻүԵҩ᲻ûЧ
ⲻõģҿǽģס
׵ģڿʯͷʱѾ˶Բߡ
˵ջǷ񰡡
ΪУһЩС⣬һĵʱ䣬û뵽Ȼڼз֮õĶ˰
ҵ죡
ǲûضҲûضţ
ڽĿҵһ˵ڵʱһͬʱĺ˳
ǰһͷ󣬿ɰǿɰѾûǮ´ˣңǽҲûеط
ֵǵٺ»ʣ޼˺յǿԵҪˡ
ڼϹһ磬ص̺ɽׯѾˡ
û뵽ص̺ɽׯȻһˡ
ô㣿
ģþòˡ
˲Ǳˣǽ̫½褡
ΪԼۻˣҺһĿţȷǰ˾½֮üͷ
̫ӵô
úõشڽʲôһڱ̺ɽׯ
ôղΪζԱ̬Į
½Цţ˫еЦ⻹ǰһΣա
ڤҹŽĵ֣ǰһ令˲亮鲼
̫ãӦӭ̫бͼ
˵һһ룬ˣǻев֮ҲԱڤҹ̬ȡ
˺֮䣬к֮䣬ǾԲƽദġ
ŶûмǴĻүѾͳ±ս񣬶һֻͷûκȨү
½˫ţƤЦⲻЦżһԵʯϡ
ʱ½˫ۣĿ⿴ģһ˫ںڵָӵɫ
ģһֱ㣬ҲѸݡ
̫ӵ£ڤҹӣԺҲһֱǽ̫ӣһһжŽ
Ĳϲ½褣˾һ㲻֪һΣһ仰ʲô˼ȫȫὫɱһЦ֮Уȴ޲
ϲ˽ӴоԼʱظĨɱ
๫߰ɣ
˰ɣΪŷˡ
ڤҹŽʧ½褵УľԶҲںݺݵؿһ½֮ȥ
ʱ½褵߳һӣȻɣеҡţһһ续߳һ
ֻǣеΣ˻
̫ӵº뼱һʱڤҹҪģʱȻ̫ӵµŮˡ
ƹӣȷǼᷢ
½褻عĿưϡ
ưЦţеȳſס˴ǣҲסһĨ֮⣬֮ɫܿʧʣµΨ
ֻҪ̫ӵңһȻᳯźõķ
һߣص˽԰ĽԽԽ½һƣӽˮˣŲô
Ȼ๫˵Щ߰ػ
ң½˵
һ½褣һںݺݵҧŰӡ
ĪΪۡ
ŽĿɰģڤҹ̲סЦһЦýֱըë
ЦЦЦЦʲôЦǲ֪½һжôѲСʱ;壬겻ɢ
˵ԼСʱ飬ǵü½褵һʱ꣬ʱ½褾˵ԼһΪӵȵȵĹƨ
ǲ֪ͻԼϵǻʵ۾˲ô
ҪΪ˶½褣Ҳȥʦѧգѧյʱû½褵ӰҲʦڵİ
ôһ룬ľԼǰʮ꼸ĥжȹģ
Ҳװ
ǣ˲ףԺΪڣΪ㶥š
ڤҹһ仰ýůůģתͷһ˫۾գգͰĿڤҹһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
еǮҲҵô
ȻֻҪһֱڷ˵ߣеǮƻǱǷһС
ڤҹĿŽģɫ֮£˫еýҵţļµĸоϵɢ
ڴʱľͰԶܲʱ˵ĳ֡
ε̾һԶ֪ǳֵʱϲʣҪҪ棬ҲΡ
Ȼڤҹɫ˲亮ŴµİԶľˣеɱƺҪǧһ
ү඼Ӽر
ǣģȥŪҹԣ
ſˮŻŵ뿪ˣΪŵ̫רעһʱûµʯͷ˱ʯͷᵽ
ңû¶ģ
ĿߣʧС
үܺ
Զеܺ˫ַϣڤҹڿ֮֮ܺеɱǺ˼֡
Զľʶ˱˴һۣȻܱдʲôǴӴ˿˵飬ҲŲµ߰˰ˡ
߹ΣѾܱһεı߹ǼҹΪ̫֮ҲΪ˽һ¡
ûв´ĻһҪүر߹ء
ҹɫ֮䣬Ķһص˷УԶԶر㿴ڤҹķŵơ
ˡ
ţĽ˷䣬ɿڤҹڻš
Ŀд֮ʱɵüͷ
ʲô˼
Ĵڤҹùֽֽݣüͷĸ
ڤҹһǸ֪ԼʲôУΪλҪǰ߹ء
ĲףĻôĺãõҲҪǰ߹ȥնɱнԼΣô
Ϊ֪˵ģҲֻΪ˽¡
ڤҹڽյܱʱ򣬲߹һ£ڿܱȫ֮󣬼ǲҲˡ
ʲôҪȥɣǲûˣ
̺ɽׯõʱ䣬Ϊ˲˰

1873 ٺ

1873 ٺ
İ˫еĹâжô

һԵİԶ̾һһŽ˽ġ
˵ʵԶҲ뽫Ÿģֻǡֻ⼸غ̫̫ࡣ
ʲô
Ĳ𿪰Զݵǰţڿֽд֮ʣסˡ
ܰдܰдˣߣϣܻصҽΡ
ʲôʱ飿
Ӽ
һˣһڤҹҪǰ߹أһʱЩܲ
ˣΪ֤ƽֻҪΪµʱ䡣
ô˵ȥˣ
Ľ˫ȭ̺ɽׯΪ˵ģоԵĿ֮ڤҹˣȴȱʣڤҹȥ
ڤҹվסģӳŶ˵Ӱ
ˣΪɺá
ڤҹֱҪȥɣΪΪ˽ġ
˵ʲô
û뵽һͻȻᷢ˵ת䣬磬ׯϰ·һһŮĿʽɫʮֵľ
Ľпǵĳڤҹҽ׼õҩݶ˱УǧһҪʱҩ
סÿ찴ʱҩҽκȥ߹㡣
඼Ϊɣ߹̫Σա
죬ֻǵȥ߹֮ǰҪƽƽģ
ҧ˿״ӱз˳ڤҹϡ
Ӧң
ãΪӦ㡣
ڤҹЦţЦôů
ˣΪڵʱҲҪúõرԼ˭ɱ˱ǣ
ģǽģ
ıڤҹһǰ߹أܰ־͸žټڤҹ׼ֻҪл඼ȥǰ߹ء
ľ඼
үģְȫ
ľϥأֻҪڣ˭Ҳ˺
̺ɽׯǰڤҹĿͽȥĵӰʧУڤҹҲֻʣ±䡣
үٶҪȥ
ͽȻˣԵȴҵʩѹδɱܵˡ
վǱǷ˻һ
˫ۣڤҹٴ˫۵ʱŽʧķ
ˣ֮Ϊصӡ
֮յɢľ˻ص
һ³ıֱѾյŶܰȺڽǰĳֵһ̣һ
ģ
߱˵顣
ܰͽ˵ŵ飬Ҫǰ߹ȥжԣû뵽Ȼ⵽˴ɱֵַʮֹ죬һսĸҲ⵽˶֡
ˣ
ֻдΣΪζֻδᡣ
ţ˲أѾˣֻҵ
˵ʱܰۿֺеˮϵ¡
ģڣ
İοܰ˽ĺԺԶԶر㿴ڷǰɫ԰׵
˫ֱһѳѪɱڿĵʱһĨЦ⸡ڴǡ
֣ļϣһ΢ľٶȴ޴ķӿ·ڿиһ
ĲأȺȫǿҩһܰһǽԼ֮ǰǿŵҩιԣҪȻ͹ˡ
üͷԽɡ
ճ˵ʦĵҩЧʮǿ󰡣һֻ̤޵Ҳ
ȻһҩЧƺֻһɣʣµȫ赲ˣʲôؾȻȱ¡
ģôҵô
ܰ˫ȭҲɫվһԡ
ȥҩץһЩҩ˳ѺϽ
ã
Լϵƣ˵ʲôʲô
Сʱ֮ͬϺͲҩ뵽˽Ͽĵʱ򣬳̾һ
Ѿͷôˣ
Ȼʾ䣬ɺƺ֪ʲôһ
ϣӦ֪ڶǺֶɡ
ֶؽûмҲͬĶȴϽ˶ˣȻܽ⿪ϵĶΪβһϵĶҲˣ
֪֪ϷҲ޲߰
֪ʲôҲֻн⿪ϵĶҲֻˡ
СѾͷ
ϻ˻֣ʾ⽪ĺȥ棬ЩֻнĲ֪
ԺĻ԰У϶Ų豭ǳһĿڽص̾һ
Ѿͷ㲻ӦûҲӦò뵽С
ԣ֪һЩ飬ЩҲϵ˽ģϵ߹
ϣҲס
֪Ĳ֪Ϊʲôû
ʱ׷һ£ƽĻҪٲκ飬ү
ΪΣ
ôһ˵ĸǲ׺ϵ˼ʲôܲκ飬ڤҹ
֪
ϻеĲ豭ŽãȻĿ⣬Ѿֹٴ̾Ϣˡ
ݹغ߹˭õΪͳһµľԽ̫̫ӲŻ飬ˡ
뽪˵ŹĵεΣӳʼ󣬵ÿһ顣
ţǲ⣬ʣŭ
ΪǸ֤ݵô
̫ˣֲʲô񻰹¡
Щеԭоͷǳĳұ񻰹¸Ϊ
һ仰Ƕǣ֪ΪΣܾýյĺЩݣȻǸߵģоһʮϤĸоʦһ
Ϸ㽲°ɣ·ںܾúܾǰ˵λԼ²Ĺ¡
ϻڣ˵Լ׼ʱ֮һ˵ıƣҲΪˣ˸˲صĴۡ
һһֻأһһʶ֪֪మమصıֻء
ֱھŮΪ˽үСŮΪүֻҪ˶֮Уһڼ棬ԶһеĻ£ʮͿһ
ǣϲЦջǼˣҳΪ˷ޡ
ϣеŮҺڤҹɡ
ֻһ£ҪԺĻϷҲȥ
ЦţָֻŲ豭Ȼ䣬ǲ豭еĲˮһγһ
ֻҪǵãʲôѣҲҪڽ򿪡
£վתȥĵĿǲˮ۶ɵͭϣⲻư͸Լͭô
ϣ
ĿҪһУ˭̧֪ͷ֮ʱȴֺѾʧ
ϣ
ǻϷˣ˹ǽ
ʱĺ̤뽫˽ԼŵԵɡ

1874 ﲻ

1874  ﲻ
ŵĺϲҩ̴ҽʦǱݳɵģĺľʼվûзֺʦ˼ٰģ
ôˣϷ򷽲·ȷȷʵʵ˹ǽⲻ߳󣡡
ҲǾò˼飬ǽ˵˸飬ȻǰѾ˷˼ˣ߷˵Ҳûš
ϣȥĶء
ɣϷҲֻǿһֶѡ
涾صǺûûиȥҲǺϡ
ԼԭеĶȻһҲв֮ͬ
Ķڱ棬Ѫҩݽ𣬵ĶѾ裬׵ȥҪٵĺܳܵġ
һöҩԿһŽĴӱ̺ɽׯ
ϲ֪Լ֮ǰʲô飬ľ˿ģٵĺ˵һʲô˼еŮָԼү
ȥɣ¶ҲҪڤҹ˵Ϊãһжǡ
ǣ
һĨɫڽĵУߺϣһνӣһʼ
˵һеö裬ΪһŵҩĻѾʡ
ҹɫ֮䡣
ڣĺͺϼæһʱ䣬ŽĶųһ
ӣֻҪʱɣͿȫȫΣա
ϵŶһҪΪϸĵҽ˼ҲҪϡ
ҽεĹѲⲿ
ʱУĺ˼סҹĸ嶾
˵Ҫؼѣڻ첻ˡ
յ糿Բе˹һ
ɸոʱһȺķˣ׿үֱŻԲѵСӳ
ɱģ˭һ˱ӵĶء
ĺ޵׿ԶϵĶеĶһ˹Ϊ֮
СһжҲüʱķ·ˣʼΪ׿ԶҽΡ
һʱæµҽΣǽ׿ԶӹŹ˻
׿ϣ׿Զ飬ҪúõĵҪڵӺõһΣȻСһ޷ҩЧĸá
ڤҹȥ̺ɽׯڱ̺ɽׯʱڣڤҹ缲κãȻص඼СһβиϼҵǸˡ
ڣһһˮֲ
ŻԲѵĿ׿ԶѾˣ׿˵պҪע˵һ仰
׿ϣӦñڵ඼̫ƽСһ뿪඼һ֮ұɡ
дһҩҩеҩĿԵ׿Զ壬ȵһ֮ǰȥ׿ԶβҲ١
ʱǶ˵Ƕ׿Զ˵һβʵʡ
׿˽Ҫ˵ʲôƺ˵ĻҪ˵ǽЩ˻ȥ
ãϷģһ֮ϷԻȥѰ㡣
ա
ˣܼ򵥵ߣΪصĹϵֻΧϼǼҲ۵öĺ黬䣬ܰĲ²òٴ¡
Ƕȥл˵
˿ܰö뿪˷䣬ʱֻʣͽĶˡ
ʲôֱ˵ɡ
һԤУ֮һ֪һЩ飬ЩغԼҲغڤҹ
ЩӦϷ˵߹䶯ϷҲˡ
һվһ˫ŮΪԼһʲô£ˣҲսɳӢۣŮҲԼΪ
ǣǰʱĴɱһ˲о˿־壬ǶĿ־壬ǶŮеĿ־塣
νֻҪɱоԣ£¶ŮҲܵǣ
˼Ƭ̣ڣŽĿ֪ǸԤԵ顣
˭õңΪͳһ߹ľô
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĺǵȻ˵ԤԣȴƬ̣ƺô֪ԤԵġ
ô֪νǣˣ
ֻ֪⣬ƨԤԵǣ˶ˣֹӶķ
ڤҹҲĽүÿһˡ
߹Ȼ֪ǸԤԣҲһ֪ڽ˿׵顣
šڤҹ˵
˿űأ֮ͣʲôϵ˾Ͱѽ˿ӳȥ˭񵽾˭ġ
Žĵı飬Ӧû֪Щеľһڡ
ɽرͼֳ֣һݾͲ˽˿֮Уһݾڽү
֪ΪĲرΪĴţʵڽ
ľţӲ֪飬ŵδ˵Ĺ¡
˼˵ҳʱ˲ԤһΪͳһ߹һУҲǹغرͼҪһ
ţ֪˲࣬ʵۣĻʵۣңϣүԼĸףڡ
߹ңѾ֮ڣľһع̫֮µڰݷѾѣһҪɱС
УҲʵĻ
ڤҹΪ˱ģһȥ̺ɽׯ߹֮ڤҹòװΪĻӦڤҹֻҪһϰԴ˱㲻ٲֽĵ顣
仰ʱ򣬽סˡ
֪ĻǸ򵥵ˣȴ֪ڤҹȻΪ˴Ĵۡ
˫ȭǿеˮ

̾һĿ⿴ġ
õȥǽүֻҪصүʦᱣһǡ
ԽҸ棬ҲȰ˵ŽԶһǷǵΨһӾǻصصүѾȥ·ϣֻҪص߹ҲýûӣΪǿһĶɻᱣġ
˫ۣĻ³һٴ˫۵ʱиֳһĨ͵ɫ
л֪ˣľ֪ҽҪؽү
ǣ
գ뿪һǰгŽķ뿪ǵʱ԰ټƵӰԼٶȸ⡣
ԶȥʱװӰӺ뿪˽
Ҫȥô
Ȼأɵô飬ҿɲǱô
һ仰Цľ˫ֱųľһνı顣
Ҳ̰
ǳɣȻǾȥ߹شһǿｪĲš

1875 С˾

1875  С˾
뿪У֮˲ǽģҲľ
ȵһĲǱˣܰ
ܰһı飬Цסȥ·һˡ
űСʲô
С㣿
ȻʶܰģֻеΪʲôǽģмˣ
ֱɽתߣܰȴЩᡣ
ߣΪߵõô
һԾܰгǹ֮䣬ֵ֮ĻһȺˣΪ׵˲ǱˣĹ
ܰöҪʲô
ܼ򵥣ȻҪǵ
ɷ˵ܰгǹһˣҲϻҾȺɱ
վһȺ֮ˣѵصҾ֣ܿģ
ѪʳһСӣѪ֮УܰԶǽҪȥķ
ܰ߰ɡ
ã
һߣѾ뿪඼ĽĻױ˵ģſľǰ඼ı߹ء
ȥ߹׶༪٣ô
ȻˣֲʲôӢۣҲǺôɱսĽ
İһľǸʦߣһСëȻڻ£ǧ
˵ˣֲȥǧ潻ս׻˵úãթοڤҹôãթ
ٺ٣
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣļͷ
ȥ߹أǸ·ȥԹ
ΪɶȥԹ
ľЩ⣬Ӧȥ߹үôΪʲôҪȥԹ
ľʱ򶼻ľڽˣˣ֮еԹ߹ΪǿȥԹ߹صȻǸƻ
Ѳɻůô
Ҫż·úõĸľһΡ
ŶԭˣǸıС˰
͵ҡ
˸·һ·ӱȥԹ߾
߹֮УͽΪǿ󰡣ȻжĦԹŶĹأ֮СĦУǲÿսһʲôһ¶⡣
߹սԹй߹ˣҪֽʳĽѾۼǹ⣬˴
˴ԹΪס
ºԹ߾Уǡ

ڽŲӰͷšι
ĺݺݵصһľô޷Ŀڡ
үְѾãҲûҵǸˡ
ľҪҵıǰԹװװˣҲȴû˵ӰӣѲɳʲôӡ
żȵ˵
Ůװһ硣СӵģľΪʵߵס°˿ò˾ôϢĻǡ
ҹɫ֮䣬ջУĴŹǷĿһһš
ЩܺľϢԹȵȵ鱨
ү
ľеһ鱨˽ǰ֮ʱĲ֪ʲôЩƵĸо
үҾ˵ư˲Ǻɡ
һֱֵ֧ıƼңưΪƼ峤һ⣬ƼҲŻᶦ򽪹
˵ư𣬽ʱٵĺ֮ʱ˵һҲҪͭһöͭʲôܡ
үүˣ
ľ˽ĵ˼ʱһ϶𣬰һѪζ
ľŵһ˲䣬ֹľ
ˡ
˵ֵʱֹͣˣǴŷ϶һֽ
Ӱʧˣȵеƽֻ¿нɢѪζ֮ʱľֽ
үѲ߱˸ˣ
ţѪζʱ򣬻һŮ˵֬۵Ϣ
Ŀֽ϶̶̵ļ仰հҹ·Ǳ֡
˿м
ûУǶ֮ˣûмǣ
ľҡҡͷǸ֣Ҳǹ¼ҹһҲΪ˲ûǣҲ
̸ɡ
֮Ѿʱ޶࣬˾綾մȾֽϵѪѾ˵һС
ҹ룬Ǳô
գǱ֡
һѰͻ߹Ǳֵ֣ϵİǷ׷ױϣĺľ׼ʱĩβʿϽӣԹʿ·ѺݵĶС
Ƕ㣬ֽŶһЩҪǵǰս£ŵԴɣ
Ϊ׵ʿߺţʾѺʳıǿһжǰս£Ȼ˭
װ˵ĽĺľҲ켣У󿴿ֿ߱ǽԹĶС
˴ȻˣÿҵʿǵΪ˱֤ܹЭĹͬӦԽӹҲҪսС
ԻͬۺùͬѣʵǵĸͶУʱָùĻΪҪЮҲͲʲô۶ˡ
֪ģҹɫ˸һء
ָָԶǶѻݵĵطһλԹеĿıҪƻ
ү㿴Ǳߣ
ڽ׼жʱľʱס˽ģԭԹӪһϤˡ
үô
ϻܲôһΪս˶أô
ҲĲ⣬ս˲ѾĻôôսĹӻس
СһЩ
ţ
ȻսҵôԹӪУҲסĺľĽŲ
ҹɫʿǰžʣӰûԹӪصУݳΪ˵ӣδ˻ɡ
ɣôˣ
ķѣʲôطǵȻʳ֮֮صصأȻҪرء
ԭƻıǱֶ֣ڶ֮ǰָıע⣬ԼľװһԹӪӶƻ
үЦЩҲЩֲ
ô˵أмթ
ľһۣŵת⿴һ۰ֵĵطĿһ£ϰʿ
үʲôʱ֣
֮Ƿ͵ʱʱ֡
ʦ˵˷͵ʱһϢ˯֮ʱ峿ԹӪУһʿУһڰţȻǶֵʱ
òװûĻصأеһҩʳ֮УҽץһֻͿĨҩݣ󿴵˴˷ܵȥ
ΪʲôûҹմȾҩȥʴףǸ˶֪ЩʿĶǾϸѡĸ֣ҹ侯Ըߣ˵һֻˣһֻҲԷɽȥ
ĶѾˣĺľ˹ˣ˭֪ȴһսĺŽǵ
׼սźš
ɣû뿪Ҫսˣ
սûϴϡ࣬ýʿǳԱһʱս
˶ĴڳʦǵбʳԹʿٺò֪³˱¶
ĺľ룬˿е࣬ǺĵýøһԵʿ
ϷģĿ֮ʿһһĳţгľʰ
һʱ֮󣬺Žսһ𣬽ľҲ켣С
һɱ֮УֻԹʿһɫ࣬ȻֻһʿŶӣɫҪôѿжôѿ
үµĶôô
ҪֿС˵Ŀ⿴ңֻһЩкҩֲǼѪľ綾

1876 վǺݲ

1876 վǺݲ
ΪʲôˣҲô޹Ϊۣȫɱ
µҩкҩǳһҲḹк죬֮ԶȬ
ȡһЩʱ䣬ýľӼʱĸϵ
Թʱ䣬Ҳ˲ϢбǽľԱΪ׵ĽǽүӣҲĸ罪
ڣľֻҪյʱԵ߹أҪܵӣԹӣҵľˡ
ߣ
սϣ켣ɱսеĻ̌ͷԶ߹أǽ֮ϣһĨɫ׵һ֮䡣
үȻȥʣµͽҡ
һ˲еģôүҲˣ
ЦţתӰʧȺУ֪ȥ
ԹΪкҩĹϵ˰̣飬ŷʳбֽţʼٸʧˡ
ĺľһһֻ켣ľУĽǱˣ㡣
үҲǽҵĳˣøֱɵֶݺ˾ǰߣ
һĨЦڴǣʿ·Ľĳɫ˺Աߣҵ˴ˮȻ˴Ȼˮİȫ⣬ɳرأÿһʱʱˮ⡣
үҪô죬ô˿̫ˡ
ľҲ޷ô˵Ϸںˮ¶οÿʱ󣬶ר˼ˮǷ⣬˶ǱҲûʲôá
а취
һθֳթЦݣľȫëը
ÿ©ʱ򣬾ʹҪùˡ
ںҹͰ콻֮ʱĵػصӵӪ档
׻˵úãΣյĵطȫĵط˭벻ҡڵӪ㡣
ľδڽߣǱĲǲȥ¶ʲô¶Ҫʱ֮󷽲֪
ӪУô߹صˣһ׳Ʋû𹥣ܿͱһ˴ˡ
һڵķǳߴǻ𹥵Ļʮаˡǣ˵а˰һǧĴΪҲ˵ó
У˵˵ʲô÷ӣһµʱ乥߹شţڶȥôˣ˵߹شˣ߽綼ṳ̂ȥ
̵ģڤҹѾȥеôôֻصսˡ
˽յϢڤҹѾ뿪ǣǰ̺ɽׯǧ㶼û㵽ĵһľڤҹ
Ҫ־Լ磬һڤҹôǿ˴һССڤҹɡ
ҪһڤҹǾͺ˵ˣڽĽҾ֧Ԯձ㵽߹أʱ򽪹ӺˣǸôˡ
ӪУһƬƲҵλǺڤҹֵģȻ֪ڤҹñɱϣȫȫһɷǡ
һڤҹѾӦˣڽҵֳ֧ԮСȻʮѾսķү
ʲôˣ˴ǽȥҲҪ޽߹ֱ
һµޣѾʣ졣
޷ݹ߹أ˵ˣʿĥĸɸɾ
һʿûˣʲô̡
˴ڶ࣬ϰ֮࣬Ҫ򽪹ֻҪ˺սȥƾӴľӣȻشʳ
ΪǸף˶ΪֹĴÿһĵ޿ɼģôȥͽûбƣ֮Ҳֱʱᷢʲô鲻붼֪
ԣ֮ڣҪ߹ء
ȥգ˴һ𹥳ǡ
ǣү
ھӪĽĽȫĻУյʱô
ҹɫ֮䣬Ӱ뿪ӪʣΪ׵үҲһΪ㡣
еذ׵ʣѾ˳һ뵽Ѫ֮Уʱ˿̵뿪Ҳû
УһľżƵıĲٿ뿪Ӫ
ľʱһ£ҿȷǰ㡣
ү⣿
ȿţѾҺʦ֮⣬ûܽ⿪
үʲôȥ
ľҪסģֹˣҪúõĿ㡣
Źһʱ䣬˻صɽ֮䣬ļ̌ͷȥֻļ
ү
һˣһҵҪ֮˵ʱľ˵Ҳ֪Լôڡ
ʲôϽæ
İһľʾľϽ֡
ϲ಻һʮˣʮ˼㶼˵Ļҡ
үЩˣ
ԹʲôĹͻүʲôġ
һʱ䣬ȥ˵ĺĵشЩνĻӺ͹үʲôĶƭ˳
ֶôɽ֮ǰʦǷãҲòˡ
һ
ʮһˡ
ˣ̳
һȥһʱ䣬ۿžҪ˴ͽսӣҪ߹ս֮ǰսϣһǱⳡҲǲ뿴ڤҹĸˡ
үⷨô
˭֪ܱʲôҲǿ
һʼ˺ܶ෨ӣб¶ɷվ²˺ֻ֣һкҩ
֪Լ֮ʣ޹ôǶħ˲̵ĵز
գ뵽һһݵķӣǽĻӹүʲôĶȻ߹һ
ַʮֵɣɲһô֪вͨ
Ƶĸӹǲ֪ڵĴֻԼѺһյĹײУԴĿ־ÿһ˺£Ҫֲ
ľѾۼ˴ҲڣֻҪ˫һ£˫ȥɱذ
ڴʱ߹غ˴սսϣس԰˵С
߹سǽ֮ϣڤҹһ۱ϳ˰ӵĽġ
ˣ
һԾڤҹ±߹سǽߡ
ˣΪô
ĵһ˲䣬ڤҹмʱǵģսϣĳκε飬ҽս
ٺ٣û뵽Ұӣһ۾ϳˡ
Ҳڣŵӵһԣ©˱Ŀ
֣
ĵһ˲䣬Ҳĸ߸ߵġ
ĸ硣
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣĻ֣ϵıýüͷ

1877 ڤҹ

1877 ڤҹ
ˣսΣգôˡ
ǵ㡣
ڤҹһָָۣ
һ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣʾľϵ˶ϵһУʿǣ㵻˴
ǹҵĹӣô
λʮһλ˭Ҳȥ˵ˡ
ת˫ֱĿ⿴ЩƵȺ
߹԰Ĵղƭ˵ģΪҵŮΪҲ˲ʲôˡ
ֱͦ壬һӣֻʮһ˷׷ת뻮һ˽ǰ
λҲҵĿʲôأҲͲ˵ϻˣֻҪ߹ǩ°껥ԼұЩˡ
ôүץסû֪ڣ˵ĴУκ֮ǣǼսʤͽҲ롣
һ鸾ˣ̫ӵ£Ȼÿ
Թŭһۿһսʤսһ֮ʱȻ˸ôһ¶
Ϻǣвˣ๫вңҺúء
װµΪڤҹĻУϵЦ˵ô
ˣԾҼǵǸСӻԹ嫳ǰɡ
İųյ˵ŹԹԾһ˽¶ڽΪʲô֪Щ¶ԹʱЩܺᵽġ
Թ˽ӵ飬ʲôȵȵĳţҪٽĶ˵١
ҪûǴĻȥũ³죬ʲô޵ĴĳԱҹǰɣ˹Աҵӳ̫Ưһʱ嶯
˵ʱĿ⿴һʼҲʧˡ
ԹԾİԣ˸󳼵Ȥ¾˵ϸҹҲʧȥ¡
๫ǲ֪кöȤأżһ˵ء
ģ㾿Ҫʲô
һŭԾǰԭֺľѾܻ½Ļ˵ĳ¶
Ѿ˵ˣ߹ǩ껥ԼֽҶ׼ء
ֽ߸ңÿһֽдݶͬĽֽŵݸԾָָԹ̫ӡ
ֻҪԽǩԼҲý̫˫ַϣὫԽȫˣͺñ̫ӵʵݡ
һĨЦ⸡ڴǣ֪Թ̫ӲԹʵ۵ĺӣԹʺԾĺ֮ʱҲʵıϢ𺳵ˡ
û뵽Թô죬ԹʵԴϵñӿ̵ķⰡ
㡭
ʲô㣬ԽԼɣԹĽɽһʱҫû˱Խˡ
Ŀڤҹ࣬лֽš
㡣
ԾȻŽĻᱣܣԹм֪Ϊλ֪ܹغԼԼļƻһ֪ǣĲһһˡ
ԽֻңԽҲӦףû˱Ҹϣ߹ǩһݺԼɹ̫ϻ֮ǰǾԲὫܸ֪µġ
ڳƺԽΪ̫ϻֵʱԾ΢΢ţֻգۼĹԾֽǩ˰껥Լ
ԼȻὫԹ̫˫ַϣҽ⿪ϵ
ʧ֮Թ̫ӻָǣܣɫĿŽġ
ʲôֻܰƱա
ĵĻԹ̫Ӻ޵
ԽɱŮˣ
Թ̫ʾԾɱ˽ģԾֻǿһۣתȥ
ԽĻûô
̫ӵ£ǸûԹˣûǵ¶ˡ
Խ֮ǰһ۽ġ
סĻ
ȻϣԽһ˳
ԽͽĶ֮ĶԻ׵٣Թ̫Ӹһ±ơ
Ϊ˹ΪβսܣΪΣ
Թ̫ʣɸ첲šȣܣԽֱӰʦس
ֻʣĹĸڿԹʱҲǲ⣬ԾΪγԭ
󽫾亹ϵĵűʲƵֽдԼ֡
Ľ⿪ϵָһ鴤ĳֱָĺڤҹ
Ů˾ȻЮֱ
̫ҶЮ֣οүˣ˵үǼ๫ҲүڳһضݲĿ
ү߰ɣ
ȥձҪ½
Ǻǣ
ЦţҲǣһֱڱƵ״̬и㲻Ҳȥٽһ飬Ե˵һ仰ֻһ仰˲ԭأеĳһڵϡ
үʱִ£ȥຣɽׯȥүĸȻüĻүǿԼĸȻȵүⳡսүĸҪʵ۸նء
ģΪ껥ԼԱס㽪֮Ķɻ̤ƽǹ
˵ɣ߲͡
̸һսڤҹվߣȻ¡
ڸֺϵв£һһǩԼȻǩԼҲ˵
ѾǻƻĺѪɫ£˴ѾʧУֻʣɱսԼվ֮Ľĺڤҹˡ
ʱշ·𶨸һ̣ڤҹ֣޳Ĵظڽĵգеĳ޷ݡ
ˣ鳾䶨֮ǻؽңһľ֮أһСӣĺӡ
ǿɲУֻϵ˵ûʽƸûʽóףҲŲҪôʲݵļء
죬ģɰý
ڤҹ˫ֽؽӵڻУůⲻϵӿš
үСģ
ڴʱһ֧ɼԼٶȴӺڰзǷɼϴ˾綾
ۿŷɼ뽪ĵ壬һŽĵڤҹعԼ嵲һ
ŵһ£԰ټƵķɼ׷׷ܰԶľٶȳɻһ
ڤҹŽģѾ˶ķɼ
ˡ
һѪӿڤҹӵŽģȷϻеŮûŰ
ڤҹڤҹ
ˣΪһۼʱ򣬾;ʶһ
ڤҹЦţǰֳǵһμĳҲԽԽ
ڤҹңκ㣬˵ҩҩ
״εĽĽҩڤҹ֪һж޼¡

1878 ж

1878 ж
еˮϵĻ䣬ıڤҹڻУ߻صůȴԽʧ
ڤҹҲ׼Ҳ׼
ˣ㣬ã
ڤҹǰΪûֽġ
񣬽ĳˣһ˺ڰգҪؽǵâУҪԶԶĺͽһ
ǡ
ҵʹȫڤҹʶԽԽģ
ڤҹ׼˭Ǯ˭۸׼
ıѾȥڤҹеˮӿıŷš
ΪʲôΪʲô
սѾˣһжѾˣΪʲô
ڤҹ
ڰлصŽĵڤҹѾΪһʬ塣
ʱһͭڽǰǶصڶߡ
Ѱȥеˮͭͭ徹ȻΧڽĵࡣ
֮ͭʣǰҲֳһĻĻİĻ棬ǻǺĹ¡
һŮѣһһ֪మమأزա
һŮĵھ
ģ뱾ȥôֻһĻˡ
ưڽǰһĨЦ⿴Žġ
ֻҪͭеҩ裬ͿڵʮֻڤҹѾˣڸҲңǾˡ
£ư̳ɢ
Źڵϵҩ裬Ļվ̧ͷųˣأһĨůЦ⸡ڴǡ
ĸ磬ҸߵŮܾТˣǷڤҹҲҪҵ
Ľҩȥֻһ˲䣬ǽĻڤҹԺ˼һ̳ʧؼ䡣
ʱڽڤҹʧһɲǣҹųһâ
⣬ˣ
ư˵
һ˴Ӱ£ڽʧĵطɫ͸ǳ
ĺڤҹһô
򵥣ưԣթúܣڤˣΥҲܲˣʮˣ
˫ֽ䣬ط⡣
ɫâɢ֮ʣһϮɫµŵĳںҹ֮У·˱׺ҹľɢŵϢĸԸĹݳ
ү
ľͰԶɴ۾˺үüһģһ
ʲôʱˣôУٲ֣ͽҪˣѾʮˣٳκˡӹ
һһԲݴĶί˳
ʦҲô𺰵ô
ŷһжɶưķʱӦֹȫʱĶֻ֣ۿСѾͷڤҹ̤ʮֻˡ
Ҳ㿴Žôôø˿ӡ
Ƣ޲ɡ
ʦǶʱĶ֣һŵ񾳽߸ʱĶˡ
ʼ磬ʾҲΪ
ţʱýĺڤҹ̤ʮֻһԭ
ʦŽĺڤҹڵʮһ޳ġ
ⶼ˶ˡ
̾һӵһھÿһգ˵Ľֶ
ڤأٲ־ˣ
ѽİɣڤҹϾ޵ֳ޲ῴڤ˱Ǽһһġ
ڤʾ˲ضԣѾ˶Բߣ𲽽С
ģ
ô˵Ļ޿ڤ޸㲻Ķô
ڤֺ֮ģݺݵشһ٣ʮӣʲôԲߡ
һ˼ƶ˼Ƴ˵һ˵ʲôƻҲǷġ
ڤأʲôļƻڤ˳ס
򵥣ѾʱˣѾüĿˣò˶õʱ䣬ʱ޵Ůˡ
ڤ˵仰ʱ϶һɵ̬ȡ
ţҪʱ׼Ļ޲ڽֻصʮʱļ䡣
ȵȣ˵ʲô㱣ֻصļ䡣
Ϣʱ׷һ㶣Ƕ޷Ԥ飬Ȼô
ǵȻҲ˭޿ڤ֮
ڤز˵ССĻỹίȫʱģ谡û뵽ڤҵүǾȻҲгƤһ졣
ڤڿţϱֳһȻνı顣
ڵ֪Ϣ֮һǷ
Ǿͺã
ߣֻ죬δ˼˵ģԶľһ˶סˣǵһοɡ
Ҳˡ
ţߣҺٴһЩ顣
ͶҪܼ򵥣Ϊ߳ǰɻ޴Ӱ졣
һӣǰâһ˵ļڽĺڤҹʧ˲䡣
׼ȥʱ򣬽
ˣȥ˺δ

1879 ʮ

1879 ʮ
ʹ÷˵ļĨ֮ʣȴֽƺûյκεӰ죬֮ǰһסǽĵȥ
һĻɵüͷµĿŽ
Ǿѵ֮ˣʴӱҲƷֻڴ˵ȷ类ûˡ
һ˵仰ʱĵ׾Ҫʲô
ôյͽûҲϰˣÿһͽܵʱ˵Ļﶼͬ
ʲôҿеţ̵УΡ
˵ģˣһִ˲ƣֿ˽ʡ
˵ʵȴһţǽĻյ˾´пʼٰʮ֮Ȼ˾ӵĶ֮ţǴʱǱʱҪҪȥ
ĺڤҹѾתˣȸǼһҲתƻ˵ʮԵҪڸҵڤҹ֮ǰҪҵˣԷֹһη
뵽ˣиֳһĨ֮⣬Ѿǵʮˣǵʮ޷޳Ļ˲ȥġ
Ȼڤصһǵģлʲô
ȱīˣܲˣ
Ľģ֮ǰ˽һ飬Ҹֻ߽Ҫ͸鱾֮еİһμġ
ǲǽˮˣԼһ㣬ֻصʮ֮У˶ͽܡ
Ե֣ԵʹȻ
ںеĶ̫࣬ϰˡ
˵һǰЩͽܣǽĽԵʹ֮ʦͽ֮Ե˵ˮ֮˳Ȼɡ
ô㣬Ҫڸҵ֮ǰҵˡ
Ȼڽʮֻ֮ǲܸԤԹۣԼҲ޵ȥֹϣһЩҵĵתҲϣڤ˵һܳΪġ
ֻҪıԼļ䣬ת֮ͻǵ֣ǵһУʱҲڱ˿ӣٴƻ˵ʮԵ
һвĻûкڤһż䣬ǡ
룬ֻϣһЩҵˡ
ʱһʱ֮УһƽռҵŮˣŮӤʱ·ռǰĵͣŲֻһôǰֻվԭؾؿš
һӤأǸֳһĪЦ⣬Ц⼸Ҳѡ
һףǰɣ
మأѾýĺڤҹᵽ˼ּ࣬һ㵱͸ˡ
˵Ӱ˲ɢ֮䣬ûгֹһ
ŮӤԾɽнģңڽʱ򣬱ģģļ䣬ܾһڵԼĿıҪҵǸˡ
ֻξеһ̫ģģֻԼԼĿ˵ӰǸӣıʲôҲ֪ˡ
ʱһιʮꡣ
䣬ڰŸӣǸյĺͷһܹһȵꡣ
ףǻȥɣɫҪˣ
úúãȻȥɣæĻͻȥȻȥչ˵ܵܡ
ЦţǴȰ
ðɣȻչ˵ܵˣҪǡ
Ĵ﹡һ˱˱ϡ
ʮȻЩƶȴȣ쳣ġ
ʱڽʧԭأڤ˳䡣
Žʧҹɫ֮еĽģڤصĲӡ
Ѿģʲô˼һΪʲôǸƽգʮƶӣֳΪɶǸҹӣ˵
֣ѾĿ޷֣
ڤض챻ˣҪȰ˵ڤ֮ҪӢˡ
ǲɵ¶ܾôֱ˵ܱĵļû˵ҪýͶ̥תΪô
ڤز˵һ㻹ãһ˵һĳ˾Ǹŭ
ҪҶˣڤ֮ҿڤ֮࣬㲻˵תܱ֮Լļأأȥˣιô
˵סڤصĲӣԽ˵Խ޲ڤزźá
סҪڶ֣޾ͻˣΪ˾ӵˣ޾Ͳܰô
ڤҲַһһػŶԷĲӣ֪Ķһ˾ӵĺԱһڤ𣬲֪ĻΪĸԺߵĲˡ
ҪٲյĻҲǱ߾˿һᣡ
һɫĻ棬ǻҹɫ֮ʮֵѤҲĶ˻ëը
Ҫ֪ڵΪһ߾ǵϣǲҲѲƤ
ڤغԹԵ֣ǻŶԷ
ڤһоô¶
ҲףмʲôȻýĲǵǰ飬ڤصϾΪڤܻ֮ôС鶼ˡ
οڤѾ˵ˣָĵļҲʱ׼֮⣬ΪΡ
ûв´ĻӦǶڶһˡ
ڤҲ⣬õʱ׼һӡֹ⿪ˣΪʲôĺڤҹûдǰļ䣬Ӧð
ģڤ뵽һ顣
ʮֻأ˾ĥѣ֮Թ۳ΪһϣеʶȫĨĸɸɾҲǶ˵ĿУһ顣
¶˶֪మصĻ˱·ǽ硣
ǡ
ڤز޷סĺҲֻĬĬףĺڤҹǰѾˣʮһҪͦס
ʱһߵĽĻص˼һӵĺԺԺһССڵСˣţСڿĵʱ򿩿Цš
㣬
ʾ⽪ıǰܱܵڻС
û
У㡭ӶԷ
꣬ССһ˫Ĵ۾ɰҲΪڽһΪȥԵʣСһ￴һ꺢ҪĶࡣ
ãȥԼ棬һͻˡ
ڵļֻˣϹ𣬽ĺͽĸŮˡ
˳
ѰյļһԵĶͷˮճɺܺãı㽫һֱóԵİóһ
׷ζĺԺУʱĶһԺУСҨһവ֮ιԡ
ȥ˯һϴ·֪ô
ţúóԣ
ٳ԰࣬ÿһγԶ˼ζһǽࡣ
ԡ
ĶӴߴﹾιߵʱ򣬽ҡҡСԴ
ԣұˣ

1880 ˣΪҵˡ

1880 ˣΪҵˡ
ȻǸСӣųͬ˵ĳ졣
֪׺ͽʲôóԵĶԼ
㣬һ쳤չ׺ͽ㡣
С鶺ýĹЦôɰĵܵԽԽϲ
úãСһﳤˣ׺ͽͿչˣԣԼȥϴϴ˯һ绹Ҫȥɽأ׻ˡ
ԶԶؾ˵ҪȥɽһЩǮȥϿʲôϲôԼһЩ
ϹЦŮԴɷʧ֮󣬼ⶼǴŮٳֵģҲһ첻һ죬һϣǿŮҸ˼ңƽƽĹ
ˣЩǮܵܣȵܵܳѧãȥɽǮء
Ĵӹ˳ȺͷһȻˮûʲôͻϹϳůůġ
ա
峿С·ϣıһժɽľ뿪˼ҡ
ϹϿŽʧеŮ֪ΪΣһ޷ݵĸо
ƽ嵽ǭҪʱ·һ糿ͳȵǭǵʱǸһ̯λ
ͷ̯λɿģһӺѾ׼õ˽Ե档
ģˣЩǸϹ̲ģš
磬ÿζ鷳㣬ЩǮһỹϵġ
ڿĵʱ۶ǻϲһԵҲԼҶӴӵһ۾ϲ˽Ѿͷֻǰȴ֪ĶȴǴûġ
ɽһһݷúãıߺʱһλ̯߳λǰڿĵʱֿ˿еĻˣ
λЩɽǮȫҪˡ
ȫҪô
ţǿǰλεԪʱ۾ˢһ
ϷϾʹˣϣｫɽ͵̿ɺã
á
ֽɽһһڷУӸǰǭǵһŴլǰ
ۣôլӣ
ǵһοôլӣ߽լԺש̳ɵС·ʢŸָĻ䡣
ԵȣϷȥȥ
ڿ˿֮󣬱תȥʱĻ԰ֻʣ½һˣԼԶ԰ͤһֵӰ
أԺͻȻֳһĨĨ棬УһһŮһ𣬺ʶ˺ܾãҲڻѰҶԷõʱ䡣
Ѱż䣬һһǰͤǵӰҲԽԽ
ʱӻعһĨůЦ⸡ڴǡ
ĿԵһ˲䣬ؼһжͣһ̣˫۶ǳ˫ӡű˴ˡ
һһ
֪֪మమء
һһĥŽĺڤҹ
ʮʱⳡϷమԶԶһö֮Ҳûκε
ˣΪҵˡ

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