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ߣϷ
İ
İһ
ҶүͻȻԼʵһҪ˻괩ˣ
Ǿͻ괩һ޳
㴩Ϊ˹ԡǡҾͰиȫø飬޳ҪǵǶҺ֮ǣ
˭֪󣬻괩ֽ
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ʣ֮꣬ͽ忪ʼô
Ҷٷѡӽǰֲ£ȫ񫣬һй֮Ժʲôǰ;˼ʹϵͳͳȥӡ֡ȫ֣ȫƨ
ںȫ괩ԼϵĵùԾͺ~
ġꡯһˬ˵ã
һ仰飺֮ޱ~
ʳ˵
0.һֺܻܶȵɳģΪ޳ѷΪ΢Ϊζ
1.ף൳Ƶõ
2.̶xҶٷ磬Խɫڻ
3.ԼԼ˾װˡ겻ɢȻڡɹ  ýȫϷԻ·桤ƤƤ
4.ۡɱá䡷һģ鲢~
ݱǩ  ˬ ᵢ
ؼ֣ǣҶٷ磬̶  ǣ
һ仰飺֮


1 ˵
˵ǣԴǰħعںáݽߵֵԽӭ̫ƽʢ
ͺñȸɺ˰˰ĻĵͻȻӭư꼾˼µͻȻÿȫϯüûĴȮͻȻȥԭ
ɵĽףħĽףЩ߰ľ֣Ҳڱʳ֮ǰһ޳Σ
ʲôڣһץһѣʲôˡĵرҲǮ򵽵Ķ
ǽһϲ죡
Ҷٷһ̫ƽʢ֮һ
ʦʮʮͿʼĴʮһһԾ¥ش
ǣıǶǮҲ򲻵Ҳģ
ҶҡòiٷʲôˣȻʶϵ̬еĴ󱦱
ԣڱߵҶٷҲǸʮ꣬ʲôʮʵʻ˼ĸˣӷͻؿ飬Ǻĸһо
ţҲҪķѲ٣˵쿪ʼҪùˡ
Щ΢һ㡢ʱǧٹֵĸֵһƽ͵ôһ죬˳ߵ´˵еһ
մ˵ԼĪǰؼûôӯħ̸ʱһԽ׽ɡغɵĳ׵Ŀħµġ
˵ǸħҶٷǸɵģȴ˶ҪĶħޡΪ޷˶ѻӭˣһܹͨŽǧ֮¡̽飡
ǵĻֻǲܵõĽָ
ҶٷˣҶٷ缤Ҷٷϲ㵸
Ȼڷطйе֮󣬻ޱȳֿ顭
ԡ㣬ի죬£лغڣ˳ΪǰǸ˵ϲŭ޳Ŀħϸڸ̡
֪Ҫˣ֪ΪҪء
ССɽʱѾ˸ֵֹĶҶٷ紩һذ׳ۿ죬˫һ㡢һطǱܿ̽顭
š
ţ
Ȼ͵غϣٺݺˤ棡
ʲô
ҶٷһЦǸʲôСҶٷ̳ǰӢĻһǸʲôƨ
ѲĸûĹԼͬµף
ڳʧ֮ǰҶٷԼѾǧŵԡիŴ򿪵飬ǰľԻϧλǻŲԼѾ̧Ľţƽڵ϶ϡ
ָޱ飬Ҷٷٴη顯
пӵ׵˿϶ûǰŪôҪ⣬һԼˡ
Ҫ侲Ҫ˼Ҫ
鰡ղ˵ǻþ˵Ƕҵһο飡ֻ;㹻ᶨ˲ܿò
ȻͣĬšⲻǻⲻǻ顯Ҷٷ¼Ǳš˿飬·ǰʯ̨ϣ֣µشӵһҳ

һҶٷ粻ˤˡ
ʼˤԼ
ˤ˻꣬Ҷٷͷأ档
ΪʲôΪʲôҪ˳ͷңҵ龿ŤʲôزҪĻþ
񰡣
֪ǲԴ̫ʵˣײ̫гˣһдЩСֵҶƬӷƮҶٷ֮ڡ
ػ֮ҽΪˡ
ѶϢò粻㹻ʱͺΪⱾʱ򣬾Ԥϵ˿ݵ˻ʲôӦƵġ
Ҷٷտ֣ҶƬҪϸϸо˭֪ǺɫҶȴУձ˲绯ˣѳһصĲ
ּȴӡҶٷԺѰëдµ֣ʻ֮ϸûб仯ʲôµġ
Ҷٷ˴ٴοǱ顯
ڲܽˣǷһѰдŴȡֵĻ
˸׵˸ʲôծţǰǸɱĿɶħħ޶ôĵ
Ͼһͨµ飬Ǿ͸֪ҶٷԷһ졣ˣдᵽҶٷֿʼûᵽʲô͡顯йصûԤϵ֮¡
ٴβ룬ҪʱҶٷĴ֪ļҳ¶˵ڶдֵҶƬһǡ
һʮС֣
й¶ȴɸд
Ҷٷ˸ۣûӵҶӣҵ˼ҶƬһҳ
ܺأÿһҳӬͷСƫƫŵڶҶӵһҳЩӡȥ֣ڿհ״˼Ϊעȥдֵ֣ɫҲϵĲͬǵɫ
ϸһһҳҲҶٷйصģԭдšҶٷɽȥ;·ɽ£ȴڻԵɺ֮·˲һ֮е滨
滨ֱ˸Ȧ˸ߵҳ߿հ״дš滨ԣѵһ֥ź

ҲΪˣôĿհ״Ҫдô֡
ҶٷĬãϸ䣬ȷԼȷûôù·ǹɽˤȻҲûϹ˵ʲô滨֥ź
һ£Ǹʲôɽţ
ǰһҶٷɫʱ
ɽ
Ҷٷһ侲ٴνݺˤڵ棡
ɽⲻڽŵµɽ𣿣˭أ
Ȼ£¼Ļңϡ
ڣΨһе彣ѾڸղΪ˶ԸеΣϵ˰

ʾɽʱ··ˤɽ£ˤ˻ҶٷҲܾôסɽϲȥˣҪ˭ʱԼ˾Ͳˡ
ɽȻʾˣҶٷתһ룬Ҫ֤ģҲǺһ׮ƨ
ЩԼĴʾνĿİɡ
ìְܾŰɵ飬Ҷٷ绹뿪㣬ɽȥˡ
Ǿô֮Ԥ֮йȻ·ˡ
Ǻǡ
ԹҶٷˣ˴ϾͲ֪ͨ˶ٴΣѲ
һȺչֻû뿪صӾеû¶ʹסһԹȻһȺԱΧע߳𣿣
Ȼ˴ϵҲֻ˵Ľڡ
ȵ߳ԹʱҶٷѾһס˵Ӿʹѳ
˭֪ӾǲһľһЦͷæͳ˰ĳȻӾΪǸ
һȺпյоȻľҺ˵ǷǳֵǮı
˵ҲֵٿϵʯҶٷôе˻СǮ
ֻһܳŴ֮˰ˡ
þơ
ҶٷţȻԼ˵һ·ˣһξԲܹɽ£ҵжԲߡ
Ѱǻˤ𣿵Ȼǣ˾ƾͲһˣƽÿ·Ҳ׼ͷȾʱ
ٺһЦóԼٱһʯϸӣӾӨ͸мڿ˵ģԭΪ˲ˮʱˮã񣬱Ҷٷ˾ƺ
ͲͷˣͷͲڿ·
Ͳˤɽˣ


2 ˵ޣ
һ֮ҶٷΣҶմµشĳǰӦǲ޿ӵ
ģӰ졣
ΪʲôΪȵ档
ΪʲôҪǾܾҪΪǴɽϳˡ
ǧ˻ˮ¡·ڣϢʱסĿɺͲСĴϵɽµֵǮ壬ȴûǰһһֻɰһʱ嶯׷
ˣӾǰץŵĹľ֮ǰҶٷ˽ȥ
ԼĲʲôѨǱ

ǰһ˵֥źҶٷ̾Ȼ˸á
ǱȻһ㶼㲻ϲϡһ㶼Ȳԭᵽ滨
滨ǧһ黨ʿס˿ϡֳͣʹõõߴܻЩ˵Ķ
˴һӣ֥ź
֥УôǸܼĺöաϻЧǣɫڻ¡
ǼźǸʲôħõϣ
زģ岻治ҪǮ
Ҷٷ΢ЦſǳСע⣬̵⵽ħӺıʡ
ҿȥľɡ
Ϊʲô֪滨Ǳǰȡߵġ
ĿԱŲŲ֥źԱߣһ绹ӫɫֲ߸ŸһǱժ˻Ҷ
һĻֱǡʾŵҫ
Ҷٷ缸ħڴ滨ֲʱϵĵЦݣǰһз·ħڽµ񣬻Ҫˡ
ܾ֤ٵķʽеˡҶٷ뵽һ걾ñԼ񵽵滨оȶǮܡ
κݺˤڵϴʲô飬ɫС飬㱻ȳӡ˼궼˳Ⱦȴǳӡ飬ǧȷĵġٵġͬ˵һģһԶԤ֪µ顣
鰡
һ滨飬ҲʧСôﳬֵˣ뵽Ҷٷֵõలο
ħܿԼǰ滨ԼǾܿŤתǬ
ôõıħƾʲôҪ֮УԼȥֵõѵ黹б
˵ٲΰģǹԼд˵ǼٵģģԼȻѾˣֻҪľܸıûۿĽ֮¡ң鿴ϾǸֲԶı䣬ΪıԽ࣬üֵͻԽ١
ôһ룬ˡ
ٴη飬Ҷٷ̬䣬޲ٴԡի죬СڷһͻĲ
һҳһҳطˣԼõ滨￪ʼŵݡ
û뵽ʮҳдĹ⾰Աľ˺ȣ˵ǲֵһˡ
бݻãȥ٣ԼйصݣҶٷһ۱ܿףдЩȷطԼԼΧ·˵顢Ƣϸڣ˹⿿۲޷ԭԤġ
ֱҳβǾ꣬ҶٷҲûԼŶǣֱӭһҳ
괩µݡϵͳȵİִ֪ԾУҶٷ˰ΣһʱԼ֮У˻Ҫɽ뿪֪ؾͶͣˡ
ҳԽԽ죬ҲԽƽ۶дۣҶٷȴǿз顣
д꣬ҶٷҪˡ
һ⡯ˣҲԭҶٷϤʮˣ󡮻괩ռҶٷ壬
ԭҶٷ磿ҳʼûˡ
˰ɡҶٷһĮšֱֲӷʱеġԼôĲĿΪѹͲԼˣ
ǻҪлλСġ괩ТĸιèֵȾ̸·̸˵أҿɵúúøл
ޣ
šžһ죬ʵ˴ܽӴ
ҶٷһҲָԺ΢ЦỺض¼Ǳ飬Ļң·ղʲôûһ·˼ҳ
һΣҶٷ粻Ǽ򵥵ϹˣǴ⡢ĿĿˣ˵ŸЧЧܰ͸ǰ鷳ﲻڶˡᵽˣ
ⲻſûĹѾҵԼҪĶ˼·Ҳࡣ
һⱾħûλдʼǣҲû
Ҳ˵Ȿ飬ɱԼħݺԼġҲܽΪʲôôıȴǱ˸ΪҲߵĴܵõԼ
ڶǰ벿ҲۣǶԺ벿˵ԼҲǡҶٷ硯ȷо˵ǸغܴĽɫ
ħпϣԼⱾıˣ۷塣
˵һĪ˶ᣬһ޷ıĽ֮УܻԼԼת
ģ뱻Ҫ¼ķвʱ䡣ǸԼļһ취ðԼʧ䣬Сԡħ޵Ĵ㡣
Ҷٷһʼûԡɶ˼ǿľͶˣžͺ͡ɡ
Ϣ
û׷ô壬ʲôɲɣ׬ǮơɳɡŻƳ¡ĸǷ޻ÿЦѵģô֪鰮أ
ҿǻʮ궼ûɹ£Ȼһֻ
̫ˣ
Ҷٷһҡͷ졢ֱԼǶߵĲмӣһ߶ϵ־ָָ㣬ķǵؿ˺üʮҳûϢءԡ顣
ֱǸҶٷ硯̶͡е˿ʼ֫ӴĲڣҶٷĿں飬˶Ļ˼
ΪʲôҪԼСΪʲô޽мֵǵҪҵС
һ鱻ڶ֪һѸΪѪȷ磬һµ˵õ飬ȴ濴ݣҶٷͺ޲һͷײ
飬飬Լ飬ķ
ԴУԭԼȫˣһг޷صķӽͷ𷴿
˼·ԺҶٷȷԼĿ꣬һǻȥôĶڱᣬһϸһζԸǸġ
ɫҶٷ罫ĿͶڿӵ۶ֲ֭һ¾˵һӦԼƻ
ӦԶ󶼱Ƚϸ߶ˣΪûգδȻԤиֳõˡ
֥ź񲻾ʺĲ˯ͱͷ⡮ͷԼħ͵ġ
ѲħڰԼ뷨һҶٷʵ벻زʶʲôɰԼûϸȥ
Ҷٷϸ鿴ԽԽ˳۰ղͷû֣ԭ֥Ʒһ֣ԣ꣬Ѿ˰ˣ쾭ԴӯЧ
ǸˮƫҪϵźҲǷƷ۾Ҷ˳Ⱦй⣬ź⻬𪣬ֳһֽӽϵʯͨ͸Уֲܿ͸пյ
ź֫ĸӯģҲÿҲȻγӽ֫
ǿϲɺءҶٷ绵ЦŽֲУӵһתװʮ޴ŵһӻˮ˲䷢ͳͣһɸ˵ļƻ


3 ˵ż
Ҷٷ˺ܶ࣬еļƻڵһλĻǻ⣬ڶλȷԺġϡ⣬δλԼ˵Ķߡ
Ҫãֹ֮ԼҲܰ⵱ѵ·Լľ޶ʯ͸ֱҪתƺãöļ˱ˣݺ͸֤ԼסҪҺãȻٹҲܵ˺
ûǹһи߼ҶٷǬĶ̾˿ֻĴڣҪõڶ֪¾ûôճˣüϰԼĻҲֻһ֪ܽġ
˭̽أû˽˭֪￴֪һк󣬻᲻ЩӦء
Ͼд̫ܣ̫ҪĶ
ûΪ֤дǸԼˣʵСα˻ɲҶٷ磬ȴ֪ƾʲô취ƭ飬ûκ˷ֲǱˡ
ûĻû֤ԼԼû֤Լ
ܹ֤νɱǸռԼļһ˼ѹת۾Ҫ˼ᣬ޾ˣ˵ĻǴɢƺҲ̫ãдҲûк˵˼
ʱҶұڵüȮĲֵˡ
˼ȥ׼ñõΪ׵
Ҷٷ϶Լ¶˾ġ
ԵģΪ˼˺͸ۺϿǲģΪʲôһҳд͸¶ͻȫʬ
Ҷôôη˰ôᱻôһǺдȥĻвغǺǺǡ
Ȼͳɹɽˡ
ȻͲС·һˡ
׼ȷ˵һΪʿ
޳ֱͦ٣һ׳ģǻѵ·ǡôĵЦѹӿ˭崺硣ִһȣǳ棬ŷǷȻ彣ȴϸ۲·һͷʵأëϡ
ٿӭʱͶʣü۶Ŀбӵģ²֪Ǹĵֱѵɾһ˫ϲοºͶԵḡεĮ񶼲Եø߰ЦʱҲֻԵ档
Ҷٷ翴ſţʶؾԼǬ֥ź
ˣѲɡ
ֶݵǰ
һСľͶ࿴˼ۣһСľͱ˧۷ɾԼεĿ⡣
ɾ޷װòЦſҶٷ磬˵˾䡮ʡʱҲߵ˽Ҷٷ̧ͷһƼʯȹϿһ֡
һ̵ɷ衢˹Ŀġ֡
ôе졣
Ҷٷ粻֪ӳˣѱˣ𷽲￴֣૵ѿڶ
̶
ҶٷطӦдŵģǸˣرر빴ġǡͽš
˾΢΢Ȼʵϵң
Ҷٷʱͱɫ
ϵã
̶ɵһ̧üЦŵĿڽ͡
Ҷٷ˿ĭεؼЦĽѾá
Ŷ
ޣʲôĽұľ㻵𣿣
ǣ˵ǾҶٷҧԼͷεƮҿ̶ˣһ;͸ͺˣᵽĶ̶ʶ˳ʲôſ츳˴׹֮ǰǹƥų¸徴ҵ˵ĺð
ĲĽǾûûУ֡ԲҲôľǶԺе֡ԲҲһĽ
Ҷٷ缱亹Ӻˣ֪ԴţѾûˡ
̶ҲԽԽ΢ˣһ˿Ӻ;衣
Ҷٷ˼룬һ뵽ⲻ˳Ӧ鿴˰ɡһšһҪһӡǸһﹴɹʱ̶Ŀˡ
Ҹոմ;Ķ˵ģ

ˡ
Ҷٷг޲úݺԼһ¡
̶ǹƥնɱ;ųΪʲôģдİ
԰ʵʵ£ӦǷǰġҲ˵»û紫أ̶֪߳ⲻʲô͡
ˣҪĻʹˡ
ҪǽͲ壬ҪǻˡҶٷ类ŵúˣȻ侲ҲˣԽת÷ɿһԲߣʱͻһŪ̬°Ͷ΢΢
Ϊ̶ø̧߲ͷģΪϷ㡣
滰Ǽٻ
̶һ飬ƺ˵ףҶٷΪôߣЩҲϷʣٻʲô
ٻǣй¶һжۿġ
̶Ц˳ʵ滰ʲôģ
֮䣬ҶٷѾ˵Ǵ˲ݸ壬ɤӣƵ滰ȻҲ۾ġ
Ǹ̶һӡĺʱ
˻֪νǹƥնɱųƽĵ˵Լǿ̶ϵǵõ飬ҶٷԼҲĹٷ˵Ϊ档
̶˵ʲôųĲǵ;ձ࣬˻ҲʲôųΪ̫˱ԶﴫѸԲ˵֣ΨһǲСŪԱ޵éޣƮʮ
ǹƥնɱųſʲôģ̶ҲĹάһεԸģȫʦŰŰˡ
ѿڶһ䣬ҲΪ˸ӦһˣȻƻԼµĵһӡ
ҶٷŬЦøƻЩﻹʣһľƺ̶ⲽһȦҪſ˵һֶûĳȴ˸á
ⲻģ˺ӵͰҲǴ̶˾ӻȨƸѧġ
̶ҲǸõģǱһɵİѬľҲû¶˿ɫȷתҪŸƤģҪǰԲλˡ
ֻ֪رһҶٷľƺ۵һ˿졣
Ҷٷڿڣϣо֮Ѫ
̶һͷǱʾ˵
ߵһ磬󶼻񳬺ˣܴŵζͨصζжϳֶζǲܡ
̶ȵҶٷ翴ΪѰ˵ˣƫƫ˵ˣֻ츳
;ŰŪһֱʿȥæֻҶٷ˵Щ챾еĴţŬԼ˵ȡЩղſӲоֵѪƺ޵ҩ㣬ԼǳɢɾħӦΪβʱҩԼ;ֲʱȾϵħɡ
̶Ŀ¶֮ɫƺİ˵Ϊζ϶Ǵ;ڱ˾֣˱ˣ
Ҷٷʱ΢΢һЦ̶ָ̧գ㿴
̶˳ָһͷƼԭߣɽͷ֮⣬һһ̻գſѤɫʡ
ǡ֮׽;İʱڷ̻Ϊףʲôأ


4 ˵ż
֪ǲҶٷĴ̶ƺôһС£Ǳߵķ羰סˡ
ӣ
һŻתعͷºͺ͵΢Цȴﲻ̫һˡ
ȻŵͳЦһ䣬ԭ
һ˵ڽ̸˵Ҷٷû塣
ؿ̶ջҫԼʵڲ˼ѯʸղǷ˵ʲôʳȻվȻȥ˴ǻȣǺըĲɫʣȾøӲʵ
̶΢΢ģЩ̻ǺÿôԶҲɫʰ쵣Ӧߵϼ
̶ǰƭ˵꣬ǰȴű̻ϼεϣţģʱžȾɫת˲š
Īһģ̶˱ۣĳЩʱ˵Ķѹ£ŵ
λС˵ǡ
ô˵˵ˣ
ƳɹŪɹϲɺأٺٺ١
ҶٷЦøˣƽܱ˵ûгϢġСӣȻϴóĲǣ
Ҫ滻ƽʱڶ̶̼ϢദʹһϿּжϳԷ˭ȥĶʲôġҪ˵ʵҲûǸųʲôѪţѪ𣬸ʲô޵ħ˵ôͷͷǵ
ɺþͺڣǰ˱飬֪Σ͹̷Ҫ̶ҳȥ;ĺۼ¼֤ݣѶȾʹ󽵵ࡣ
˭ûôСܲܿô۸ӵࣿ
ʱƼ̶ֲȻ飬ҲŲߣ͵͵ȭôֹڴ϶ǱҸӦˣĲˣҮ
ϲңȻǹƥųͷ̶ϲĹάԺö࿴о
ǰôû뵽أڰ׷̶ʿмһ˵ľǲʵʵߵľڸĻԺͱԩĺˣֱοԼµһԱ
ôһ룬̶Ҳͦù
ۣҶٷ绹ûü꿴ֻǵ򾾫޹öﻹ̶ʦŴ࣬һжŵװףôɷ˵˾ɾ
أ̶״Ʋؿˣ;İաԴӡ𣬾ÿף񣿡
Ҷٷϵݣͷǰ
Щɱ˵ɵϰհģء
̶ͣ٣Щ̾ϢôЩ죬ҾһҲûлͷأ;İǴʱ˿̣ڷĵظе˺Ͱİɡ
Ҷٷ翴ϾҪ˴ļƣûסͬˣ̣ش˳㲹ϾֻųǽҹĵΪɲҪ˸߲𣿡
ڲ֮ǰ̶ûκ׼ıʱէһ仰ȷҪ鼱תֱµģˣҪͷߣٺõĽƢҲԲʶȤġ
ΪʲôǲʶȤ죬ҥԵ졪ϻ̶̼ܶ۾񷢾ϾѪԼħۼˣôֻƶϳŪͨ˵˵
̶һʼŵģͲҶٷϵ˵ǣǽǰ굱˿͸ԼȴزͱƲ˵Ƶˡ
Ҳһˣ֮£ʦŵİ⣬Լľޡ
ǰֻ֪ǷǶԴֻ֪Ҫʤԣ޹ﲻܻԸеնɱų;һ·ɲУҲԸعʦŸЩʱ䣬·϶
ףʦҪնɱģʲôװģտ̾;ÿҹĿ־Դ
˵򾾫Ѿ뿪;򲻻ٻأֳǻ˼ңҲѾΪаʳһĿʬ壬ıһͬ¡
һסЩգҹף𣿻ڲ֮ȻյžϮ۷ʲôʶؿ־ǷǾų߳ˣ̻̲գ
棬Ϊһݡ޹Ͳټɵ־ֻ
Ȼ̶һһڵ
δʦŵİţȻ޷ȫȻͬǡ
ԭԼҪģҲʦŵİû£ҪһݽͣҪסеǷݾذˡһʦŵ볤ǣ˰ҲΪ;İտǣҲõĽʹɢȥ
Ҷǳˣл㡣ҶٷãȻע£̶Ȼǿǵлģ˻Ӧ֮ǰ˻⣬˵ô࣬δ̹䡣
ҶٷûӦ
̶֣ôȸղŸˣ
Ҷٷ簵ƣѵ̶Ѿȫϲŭˣ
һӡԽԽãټһɡ
㱨ʥţֱϵ״ͽҶҶٷ硣
̶ıɫͺֱˣ΢΢ȻȻ򣬶֮еĵȻͲ˵һ䡮ԭʥŰֲáˡ
ʥţŲôڻǸСɵʱϳаȴ֮һɲͬʥŵԱΪӣʲôħȫУͽͽҪǮƵģ˿Ҳ࣬ƽ츳صĶһرɡ
Ҳеһ
һһڸ̬װˣ˧ʱʥžͿʼ£Щ˲յͽܣɻħֶǴʱʥѾʼħһҺгңŸ˫޺ͨ黯ɸΪˡ
̶ôһǰҶҹӣ;˵ȷʺʥšƽƽ츳СΪҲͻЩ벻ıºʹǻۡ
ǰʥ˼볬ǰɣڣʥҲΪرɡȵ綼ƽħ֣֮ҲɱɱרעˣУͲðÿͽʳԽ츳Ƶɣȴʼ׬Ǯˡ
ٿҶٷ磬һ¿ѰȴŽ˿İƣֻ⣬ԴѰ˼Ҷܵұľƺ«ãɢľȴΪκξҺǧȻƣǮƷõģԵֳһڣȴȪˮƵĺʡٿǱϽ
ΪôѰȴܰôһѺýöϵģͺñ޸֮ȴС˽ʯСӣҶٷ磬ҲǸһ˲ˡ
ǸȤ֮ˡ
֮£̶ʦžĿɵĵ䷶ˣʦżߣײͽһǶƷ츳ΪɾͶһĸͽν⡣
ʷƾõĴɣԸģʥֲҵˡ
Ҷٷ⣬̶ϽԼƫͱģԴһٲԸ档
ǾʶˣҶӣ̶΢΢һЦҿɫȡ
Ⱦʹ˱ɣ
Ҷٷͷ˺ĻżѾ˷׼һѾ뿪æصͷӦðð
̶һ㶣Ӧˣ
Ҷٷ̧ȥһͷһãȻӦˡʲô
šһߣͬѰһڷĵطҹ


5 ˵к

ˣ𣿲ŸʶҪһ˯һҹҿջ
ҶٷһԴǱ̫ˣԼ˼ƫˡ
ѵҶʲôҪ£Ҫҹ·ɡ̶¶Ϊǵ񣬿Ѿû˵ĶϽҪȥɣһͬңѰվ
˵վʲôģǿ豦ģʿá
Ҷٷæ֣˵˲ˣֲ˳·̶ա
Ǿͻʶӡǰɡ̶˵̧Ժ⣬ͬĴ֮ˣиӦ
ʶӡǣԼҪϵ˼ˣǴֽףǷ᷽֮࣬öࡣ
ҶٷЦһ̶ǹѽĺ갡
Źϣ
ϲѵôʳĵز˰ҸղŵŬѵ׷𣿣
ӡٵòףҲ͸һɣҪ
ƴǾҪͲˣҶٷΣֻҲָ̧ǵ⣬ӡǻཻʶ
ӡǣ̶Ȳص淢һ˼ոյ֪סڶͼŰݷõСǴͷβûô΢Ц˿̿ȥҲЩڴ⡣
߶ſҶٷԽеѹ·𲻸Ͻ鿴һ˼֮еݾͻṼӵڴ۸ίԷĶƵġ
⸺һ˲ԼıĿģҪ۸̶ԽԽá
Ҷٷִ̧߶򿪷һƴӫ̴ĿƮǰһ̬Ļ¼ŵ̶ʱ·ϵķ羰
֮ˣʶ֮˴ʶӡǣֱӴʶȥ¼Ļ桢˼ֱ͵ԷԺǸڹͨ
Ǽǰʴӱģ֮һµı¡ҲˣʱᱻһЩ˽ǧϹŶΪҵ
ҶٷʱЩ̶˼ʱ˿ֻƼ̶ԼҲͬʱţЩʲôͺȻַ羰֮еʱƺ죬ö̶̼Ϣʱ¼һ·ϸվջδ·ͨĴǰ̫·ߡ
Ȼһͼˡ
ؿ̶Ҳϣ͵ϰˣѰ·Ͼ·ʱ߱߼¼ͼԱʱ֮衣գͽһСݡͼ͸ҶˣҪȥķȻ෴ҲЩܰЩСæ
Ǹ˰Ҷٷָ΢ǸĿڣȷҪЪŵضʲôĶҪʡʱʡˡ
ôõˣôױδġҹأҵøŬ˷ˡҶٷĵװ⣬ںѵ㣬̶ļ̾һ
ĵ׸̾ҿǸ۸ʵ˵ĳ쵰
о仰ô˵ţһ˿ԶͶߵЧǡ
ӣͷ͵Ҫ˳ٽҵ̲£
̲ί˵ͨ˵ǽǮߵ˵ǲǮʯ
⻰ʼеֹŵ̶ϵıڳһ˲ѡ˽ƺǻԼˣȷظһ飬ҶӣҪ衭̲
ҶٷƤٺһЦͷ󷽷سˣǰ
Ȼһ¶ժĲҩֵǮҾû̲ˣȻҲǸ֮ñٹȲûб뻨ǮĵطҾҪ̲ˡ
㣬ˣᣡ
ٿ̶Ҳһ㣬ǻᵱԷ²̨ˣҲûнк֮ѿڶֻǳĬ˵á
ʵҶٷҲȱʲôǮֻ뵽Ĵ㣬Ѿ¶ĸͷ桮ˡˣóһЩȡƭһ˲Ǻõġ
˵ˣҲȷûʲô̲еֻͼֵǧʲôᵼ¶ԷҲǮϵȱǶѡ⣬Ҳ˵Ѱɣ
Ƽ̶ԱԼŵһͷƼ˶Էһװ´ǮĺɰԼϵȷûղЦȻ˵飬Ҷٷ֪ԼҶԷˡ
û̶Ǯ壬մµ˵ԼʣǵʲҶٷͲܲһѴȫʯһССƷû£ԼͲˡ֮󻹲ȥ̶ʲôӦһеʧʣЩˣ
Ȼ٣һ©ԼȵĴ۾ٴŷ·ûԱɫ̶ʶػһ·һ̾Ҫˡ
ǸγŵҪǽ;֮£ϲûд̫ʯǲ֪Ҷǲʲô£ʲôѣŻȱǮ
ҶٷһпԵӣһŰ۵С·ʲô⡢˴ùȲѲŽǮȷģˣ˭֪С˻ô󰡣Ҫҵ֪طЩǮǴҲɡ
ˣ
⻹ȥĶѾԶˡ
Ȼ̶ٲмٺڽǮҲˡ⻹Ҷٷٴ̧ۣٺЦƤֺһǸ;ġǺˡŪ˲Ǯɣ߿أ㲻˭ʧ˶ǮӦһʱҲûԼ;հɣ
Ҷٷ˵ʱ򣬻Ϊһˡӿ϶ǲǲµ;ѽ밵ʾԼĲµ˲ŸӦ˵һּ
ǹᵽп佱Ӧˣһ̶ϲΪͬҪЮûթһʡֱܸˣ
̫вˡҶٷԼ⵽У뵽̶ҲǱԼȹǵ㣬һֱΪԼôһ֪ˣڸղʹǮģ
һ
ΪĳʣҶٷ绹˴֣սһ
˭̶֪ȴûԤϵ㣬ôֱ㶵ؿܻ䣬յ֮˱˴˺ܸоơ
΢ЦǿҪˮᾢһҪܱвģ
ҶٷǺãöԷɸ˵ʾҪЮȻǿȶԷǮǷǳӵоˣǸ˶᲻˵ġ
̶Ҳĺá
Դǰ;飬ʦžҪؿƿ˭˵һĲ񿴿ҲǻܣҲΥʦŵ
񡭡ɲһˡ̶Ժ˼㺰תǧأֻʣ仰
Ҷ֮乲ͬˡ
ݲ˵飬Ҷҹֵͬˡ
˽Ǯص㣬ĥ˵ر׽ζԽǰЦһʣŶʼãʥŹǸˮˡ
ЩԻ·Ҷٷ绹Ҳ֪ҲòΪ֮ͷ𾪻ڲ
ۿ̶˵ֻ΢ЦƺֱǮ֮µƣҶٷֻӲͷƤֽһ䣬˵Լǫ̃ʣҪȴóңתת϶̸㻹ȥǻʶӡô֤ܸʦŸ
裬ҾͲˣΪұȻǳԺծϵˡ
裬ҾͱСαáв㲻Ҳý裬Ҳ뿴ҡ
ҶٷС̴žܸһʧˣƢٺĳˣҲܸܲˣҾͲϻĻι쵰
أЦûüգͿ̶һƽشϽһݵǰ


6 ˵
̶ǲҶٷȱǮĳֿµ˾һϾժ˼ȥ϶ǮʲôֻǽڣҶֻǲþôԼֱ
ҶǿɰֵƤúܣҪﶼֱ˵ġ
ҶٷͷһǸ壬ǿԵѪʶҶٷһһ֪ǸỤ֣ϸܲʶٹܳɾ֡
ⲻǴұɣȵȣ滹дϰ
ЩȥǮʵڲܸ㣬ҶȥãӦҲˡ̶һ棬ЩȰģֿܸЦЦ˵ã֮Ҷӵ䵱֮󣬸֪һ䵱оͺãʱֱʯ黹壬ȥأҲ㷽㡣
Ҳ̫˵㣬һʶˣôѪ
ûҶٷ練Ӧأ̶ס֣Ѷץˣĺϲˣ
ǰȻϲҶٷû裬Ц½״̬
ղźǽڿӻǮš
֪ļҵľ¥ӣҶƷˣ
ûΪҪʵҶٷʶ룬˵ԼԺﷴӦĵһַ֣
˵ˣͶһ죬ԲۣⲻҲᵽ𣬻Ǹзַţ
ҶٷԼĶˣûٸĿڡһƬհ벻ľ¥ַˣֻЦ̶ҲЦЦҶٷ²͸Цݱ⣬սӲ󱳷䡣
̶һ˵ı飺֪ӭżʱΪλᱻҶӶſˡ
ȵòĵˣҶٷѾЦÿҪʶЦˣ̲ס̧˷⣬ͷܾﲻԾ
ѵбΪǵ̶ʵɲ⣬ЦصʵѾҵĳֻٱҪȥǮǲǾͻΧȺŹң
ôһҲ²⣬Ͳ̫˵ȥǮˡ
͡͵͵ˡװѾǮšǮѾǽ赽ˣǲỹǮģ
Բסˣӣ
Ҷٷĵ壬Լ裬Ѱ˼ŴһǶȻӺ޹͵ڸǸ󻵵ɳ֮ƭȡ̶ģ
ôһ룬̶ͲֹδصӦ۸󣬻Ǻһ괩ߡ˵ͬߣϵĵ˱ϵĿͬ
оͦ΢ġ
Ҷٷط񾹶Լˣ֪أæѿšֵЩһ̧ͷÿʮһ˵ĵۡ
֪䶼ôԶˣҶٷվе죬ʶǰĵ۲ǰ̶ġͼϿ
ƵģҶٷ˾䡮ɺ϶ѡΪͼһһĥ߽˵ۡ
ҹ·ʲô£ǸϲϢֲסջб˷ֵΣգɴû˵ʱסˡ
СطƫƧŶʱҶٷȴвһɾࡢûʲôҳûȴƾɡ
˹ˣȴڲǰ˴ɨһ
ȻֻǸۣϢĵطֻнĵݶѣҶٷݲתһȦȴֵݶʵŵĺ룬һʲҶŲĵӣȥ
һ䣬һѾϨ˵Ĳѣȼľͷɼӣ滹һڹԱһȦż黹ûչĸľ
ôһ񶼲ȥˡͷһμ˯ƵݻôˣǸ˲Ű
ţҶٷ쵽ʶӡһ˸ǧﴫˡ
ʱ˭ʦʦʦʦʦʦ壿Ǽеĸǣ
գգۣҶٷķ΢Ժľ̶
ҵŵѾջˡ

ǣǧﴫΪ˵ô޹ʹĻ·ʶ͹ػȻô£
Ӱɡ
ҶٷĬĬǬȡԼϢõһͷһůƤ̺ӣһʪļ۵ƤͷԼһʱĹ顣
š
ǰĶĬƬ̣Ҷٷ𹦷飬ɽյõľ档
հһãʶӡٴһ
̶ǧﴫ
Ҷӣû·ɽµĵۣ̲ʵڲסĻպһģͣƬ̣ƺЩº͵Ц˵֮ǰҹģ˺ܶĵݶѺͿԿЩҰʳļӣĻֱðɡ
ԭ㰡ӡ
ôҿأҶٷ鸴ӣ΢Щɻ󣬻Щ΢ͬ顣
ǡʾҽǮʡŵ㻨ھˣ
ݶѵȷǿܳںͱĵݶѲһľҲȷܺüûٺãҲǵݶѺʱľѰ̶ͦһˣȻôڼ
˵ǳžһڿɣ
ҶٷһԼë׵̺ӣ̧̨ٴָȼ򣬽Źⷭ顣
ȻӦ̶š
ҶٷľѧϰǧﴫΪܼʱյʦŵҪϢ񣬵һʹǧﴫΣΪȣ֮ÿһõҲǸʽҪϢݣԱ˳ŵòŻǧﴫк졣
ҶȽϸæģ֮ҲֻǼʱ˵ͬʦܣҲû̶һδһ仰һյʱִһǷϻġ
Ҳ̫ã̶̫˵òԼеĳȿдˣǸʱ̫ˡ
Ҫ̫˷ˡѵԣΪߵ˶ôģ
ΪֻڵҶٷоĲͲƽ⡣
ееĽе
Ȼˡӽǲˣ嶼Ҫɱ˵ˣǸ£ʵûڱķŬŬ
Ŭӡ
ɴҲ˶Լʣ΢ԼһͷͼһġлӺ⡯һ˼ʶӡǸ̶˹ȥ
˺
̶Ȼܿţڿʲô飿
Ҷٷ磺
Բۣ˰ˣҵľ鱻ˣ
ȻķƤħ¼ǧճ񡷡
滹һС֣дʲôǰ顯Եɾ塯֮಻ĿĻ
ǣõⱾʱôûע⵽ķء
ҶٷޱֻһǧﴫȥԼԱζ֣ޡ顣
ֱѧϰǿ̾ͽ̶˷ѲҪǮļհ˹
ȻˡΪ˴ĵؿѾķȫʱ𽥻ָôһ㣬Ҳղǧﴫùˡ
Ҫ̶ĴҶٷ磬ҪֹǸĳɹԼ年̶ǿЩСͼ˷ԶԶӼֱǳ費˶ȫûвԼ쵰˼
вС
Ȼ롮ԡ̶ÿûûҡңɴǰ棬Ǹһһծʱǡҡͷ棬ӻͷɵ̬Ҳˡ
ţЩѾǵķծɲ׼
ôԡ
µġϲˡóˣҶٷʮָˣҳʺǵѡ
ʲôأҶٷ°ͣЦúС
ʹΪֵߵЩְɣ˭ǵ֣󷭴˾Ϳʼ߳ŭҲŹġҶٷ硯
Ҳ̫Ů޾ͱˡûʱפյġ˼ҡҲˣʣµľԭһǣǲϲ˵֣̼
иʲôʮ߰ţʱפյߺ񶼺
ţõʶӡһǵǧﴫ
ÿ𣿡


7 ˵
ÿԺʱҶٷ͵ؾһʶϡʲôÿҿҲûúÿ
Ȼһط顣
Ҳû뿴أФɰ̶һĿʲôֻϷѣϷ
Ȼᡭ̶ʵĺ˺òÿǣޡ飿
Ҷٷһ죬ĵղǾԼòÿء
ˡô£ӦӦǳĬȻٴ
ָֻô
ÿ
ÿÿӣҲһ𿴿
񾭲ɣ
Ҷٷ統ȻûлΪĿ鵽һǧﴫȥˡ
ֲҪҶٷҲû£ҲֻԼָ⿪ʼ顣
Ͼ飬͸¶һֱӵľҲǼֵǵҶٷ緭ûҵԼҪĶ
֪ȥ͵ѧˣҪϣȥĶңҪʲôʱ˺ͣҲ඼֪ˡЩҪضʱȥضĵصõõģǰ֪ЩϢֱҶٷʡȥ˾ųɹ
ʲô鰡Ǹٿȫ
Ҷٷ˴㣬ڶֱȥʮ֮һ
λߣġŮװС
ʵҶٷҲ̫ʲôŮװСе̫ʻ㶼˼࿴ǿ⣬һϲóƯˣΪ̫Ư˴Ůġ
ݴţλʱä⵽ͬ˵賰ЦЩȻäȴӿģ͹ƭ˵ª۾ƲȻ֪ԼǺÿѿԴĲ֪ǻԺͼʣٲªҲֲ˵˺
ֱ˵ħΪҲ˵Ӱ
˶Ϊ󣬻һʱԼ۾ٻȥҵЩ۸Լ˺ݺݽѵȴһͷݡ塢йصԳ
ȻѾϹˣǰѾΪԼһͷŵò̬Լģġ
ҲԺԼ¸ģֻʱõġôֲڡ
ؼǣΨλߵġõģһֻҪϹãŸһ겻⣬պ÷Ҷٷ
ţô˯ˡ˯֮ԺƺоʶĲȣһҹΡ
ʱ̶ǧﴫֶ
ôˣ
ˣ˯ˣ
м˺˵ҷһޣϵľƺܸȤģˡ
ҶٷգգۣһȻĮغǰݵĴ򾾫ӡ
׼ȷ˵ǵصſ򾾫ֵˮľһȦһȦҶٷĴܲ͸м䣬ɫڳʪĹʱ㣬һȥҲͷβ
Ͼ۾۾ǶӣӦɱơ
һĴŵŨľ
Ҷٷɫһ䣬æͷһƺûˡ
ǿһСԺȵȻӾư
Ȼͱôζ޸͵ˣ
ò²⣬ǰֳִִļһ϶̶;ߵֻԩġų߳ߡˡ
Լవʾв̶ǮԼҶٷǰһڡֵá
̶ŶЦģȻôģڽ֮Լ
ҶٷɫڵòУݲʰԼĶ򾾫û˯Ѿʹ㿪ˡ
ʱֱŶ룬ȥʱȴҪڸ޵ϡɽԽ롯ı̫һԶԶֹųߣŤ̶ţҶٷһ룬ûŰ壬͸˦
žһƵĵľ޲֪ﱻȵˣȻͻؿʼСһһϺƵĿŤڵڣͣ˾ųҵĳȣԼͨߵĴϸ
ǰƵĿռóˣ˳óſڵλãҶٷҲ̧žͳˡ
ίίĿظͣ۾۾ҪϹء
û׷ҹ͵͵Լľƺȣίˣʲô¶
Ҷٷ̲סˣ۾ô
߿ޱ߻ش𣺡ò۾
Ҷٷ磺
аɡ
֪ˣ֮ױͨշ֣ôزסΪֲִ
ң۾۾Լ࣬ϹתСֱ۸ҶٷƳƳȥǸ뿪;ȥ
ء
ֿˡ
ôţҲ֪̫ûó԰ҶٷЦã߹ȥ
ӣ򾽿ߵô˼ƨɡ
Ҷٷ磺˼ƨɵͷˡ
ҪҲԣҪȥͳͼ򾾫ʾ⣬ܵÿ죬ܴҵضֱӹȥҾͲߣƺȣΣ
ܻΣܻضɣôҲǸޡҿħƺҲʺȥλߵɽͷӣ;
ڽҲǻŵģû޵ضݣȥĶһЩ
򾾫붼ûʹӦˣʾܸҶӵԼҡ
Ȼô֪ʲô
ɾҵѽ
ðɣȻǱԼġҲ̶֪֪֪Сô׳
̶֪ôҶٷ粻˿õĿʼǳɹһ밡ͣӣȡԺҾ롮ޡȫ綼ûҲϲҵĵز
Ǿͻϲϲ·ˣĿƽɽ
֮⣬̶Ҳ˿һɻϲС޵İзҶƺԼ׼ľϲʱ⡣
Լȥ֮󣬿ˡ
ϲɺء
ò˵ǣ򾾫ΪޣضǺܾͨģҶٷһƬڰ֮Уûоʲôǰö죬ֻڤһӵĹ͵ƽɽ
Ȼص棬ɫƺֻȥ˰죬硣
Ҷٷôһվ㱻Ϲ۾ҰĶǰѩͷǡǴ죬մӰĵص³оˬģЩᡣ
ò۾Ӧ˹ߣҶٷĸо䣬תϴñҲ࣬ڶ
λ߲ͬλ߲δĳɣʼձԼɢޣ˵Ƣԣ̫ദ
Ҫ˵ƢôԲദ
Ǳ˵ĳһΣǲ֪ȥμʲôᣬǰ˿Ϳرһͨߵĳ羴֮飬ǾͻȻͷһͨ
һظ֮ˣֻ֪ҵΪʵȴҵò
ֱǳģɶ


8 ˵
Ҷٷ翴ǰʵѩɽȴĪЩˡ
ϲ£һ;ۣʱһס˵ߵһλʥŵҲԼʦǾʶʱû׼ʹϵ˵䡣
Ƣûʲôµģ˼ҿߣǴ˵ôĪˣеƢҲһж˳ëߣˣԼڵûƤûĻ쵰Ҳù̫ˡ
򾾫õ̫䣬صȥˣǰߵɽͷҶٷǬȡһ磬¹ƤģӱһȦëɫԺɽȥ
ΪûͽҲûԼɣƢأƽɽϡ٣һ·ɽټӰ˭֪ߵɽŸͿԶһƬѹѹȺֵؾһ𣬲֪˵ʲô
ЩۼȺɽıؾ֮·϶šҶٷº棬̧žͳǰȥ㿴
ףƺͦͦĵģòƶʲô
ţƼһӰɽƮɶ£Ƿ˴Լһ仹һ߰Ƶƿɾ԰ڡ
һʤ𣬷ѩ촽٣ӰһתһʱһȦȦΣؼɢĻ꣬ԶԶȥ˴ˡ
Ҳܷеϲɫ
ʱҶٷҲЩ˿вϺŵݣһһ߿ġǡ֡
ǳ˳컹ô
Ц
ˣղſˣ㿴ղң
ңЦҲ޺ˣ
Ҷٷ磺
ֻЩŮǵĿԽԽһĺ޲ðɤӳƣÿһкһ֣һΪεڵأȻ̧ߡ
ʲô˵ûԼɺͽⲻѾиֳɵħô
ֻǣǼˣô
Ҷٷ翴ŽΧסȺһ˲ꡣܲҲôħ̽ͽƵļȥɣ
ֻȻɽȴҲŲأֻڽӽİƮţ޷Զɢλðӫ⣬ôһưҶٷ粻ڿˣл߽Щݡ
ġԼ
ҶٷĿתߣͲ֮أͼ˺ȻԼ˹ҲתȦҲɦŪˣһ̫첲Լķָһ¡
ţͼСħͽҲˢˢһͷ˳ߵָԼֻʣһƬ̾Լӣ˵˳
ôܰˣûôѷļˣҶٷöܲ١
ڸأԼǲǲСĻʲôýܼᣬѾԼȺҲ˳ƵĻһΪóһ
Ҷٷ粻ɵЩţЩͶԼȺһĽʺ޵ȵճҲ̲סʼǡ
ϾողǸƣедôҲǸɽͽ˳۾ʹȥ̵ˣٿղǴһȺŮѡ˵ļƣʵڷӡ
ȻҪȥ޵ģҶٷһ죬ɵ뵽ԼҪǰάָʥģˣ־һǱޣʲôѪάߵòզ졭
˼䣬ͣǰڰյģǲѩϣֻû˿ӡǹ֮˲ġ
ĽȥߵɱֱӷŴ˼׼ҶٷҲ޵һ㶣˵
ǽŨܣգʱŵĽɫͫҲǺɫͬĻ죬и졣ӸµؿҶٷ磬֪ǷΪױݴ粢ŨأǲѿǸӣ۽üҼӯ̬ҲδԵͷ
Ҷٷ緢ԼųҲûᵽЩһ˾üͷǾ֡ʡ
ƺϰˡ˵ǳעӣ΢Ҷٷһ󣬱ָ˵°ͣ˸̧ͷָҲƵָӨй⣬޳ϸ壬Ҷٷֻ°һƬûӦǵָ
ص˵ͷҲ֪˵಻ʲҶٷֱɣɽȥɡ
ȥˣҪµޣ֮ȸɽٽͰɡʱǾܾҲôǴɹ˲ǣʦŵϣӦò̫ǿѡ
Ҷٷͷɽȴǲδֱӵͷ·˸˹
ߣҶٷһžһᡪߴᱧæҵϷҲǡҲǣˡ
ţǶһ٣Դвؿʲô
ǣҶٷ̽Ÿ˿ڣûٱװͰ͵ˡ
ղЩȺҲֻкǡģûкߡģѵ߲ϲƺ
˺ЩȺͶҶٷ߾͸Ӳˣһȵ߼ҪΪһ˫˫֡޲ֱӽǲ֪Ķ˻г
ò˵Ȼǵֺ䣬ﵹͦů͵ġҶٷŬЩ˵ԼҲеΪԸϵģǷԼ·תһȦָ˻ȥ
һǿǵʱͬգԼҪݺһɫ˵ḡ֮ˣҪ¿϶ռ˱ˣܻͿҪԼߣǿǵղűôһɣѾ˲һˣҲǿƵӣ˵㻰˳ëߣ
ҶٷһתϷһЦ̧§סǵĲӣ˼ҵؿڣһָ֮µӡ
Լ챻ԼһƤˣҪȥ
߲ΪߣûҶٷ̫ãһͷٳɽȥµѩȥ쵽壬ƫƫǰĺ绹һϵסˣ˿ӰҶٷ絽ơ
Ϊߵزǵ·Զгֻ̣ϸɽ֮ģɡ
Ҷٷͷһɽоٶȶ죬ȥһƬѩããһ͵˵طǰǸµͬһĸ¥дͷѩɰ֮䡣
Ϊطˣͻᱻ£ȴƺû㣬ôάűҶٷ̧ȡ߿ǰĴš
˾ˣŶôÿҶٷĲ̾ȻеЩʤһеʥˡ
ֻǣôߣǲԼ
Ҷٷκؿǰ߹˺ü䣬˯ˣ߲ͣһǰ
ǣôһأ


9 ˵ҩ
Ǹ̫ůһСҶٷæ˫²ڵϣЦлǡһ·ˡ
պգְͺˡ
ֱӽгƺź֣ԼֲЩνƺΪͨˣҪʳЩͻˡ
ҶٷӺףе㲻˼ؿڣǸסǣ
ƿţָָ棬ƺûȥԺסˣƽʱʲôҪֱӻСɡô
ҿԸĸƺֱӽгƺ޷ĳ羴֮顣ҶٷŬڳϿҷǳģͲ۾һһˡ
ð΢΢һЦǸеƵĳһƫͷͣ˿ûʲôƢļ󣬡ʲô
ҶٷסҪУԼһͱɵΣգССؿڣǡˣ
ǵĿҶٷϣ΢΢ۣǽЦЦԽˡԽΣζʮ㣬Ĭ˼Ϣ֮ųҶٷķŲһͷ˹ȥǶͷֵľ룬
ܺá
Ҷٷ亹ˣƽһεϷˣǸֵָܴһٸԼ߼Ҫдϲÿô
Ϊ̫ţǾҪľ룬ҶٷҲûע⵽ǵƺһƮһ˲žͿЦҶٷҲ˿
ٽһ
ҶٷԹЦſڣˡ
ŶҧͷôӦ
~̵Ӧˣôƺ㰡εСܣ
ö˶˵ô˵ͻȻˣҶٷһ㶣ʶҲŴ˵𻰣ٷͺãٷǸٷ硣
ݲݲݣٷأô˵ҷء
Ǹ֣㡣Цޱޱģָ̧Ҷٷգӣ˲ţˡ
ûˡ
Ҷٷ·𱳸ǧũ񲮲ϣļ޵еˣһҲҶӲֱͦͦ
ʲôأ˵Ӳ档Ͳ˻ǷǾɫ˵ɫ
ٷܵʲôҪҪľͺ˵Ŷį˾͸ң~ѩ~ѽ~
㻹ǰѩﰲϢ˰ɡ
ҶٷЦ÷·Ե߻أ洺⣬æصͷððѩˡ
ЦȥҪˡ
ˣĴˣˣһЦЦȥ㲻Ͳܣ
ʲô߰߾ЦޣЦʹࡣ
һһȥ˵Щޱ߼ʵĻӶѩ˵ժˣǲźȻ˵ˣҲˣ˵ľҲˣ˵ҲָЦҲôˡ
Ҳ֪ģƵ˲ָ˸ռʱģĳһתߡ
Ҷٷֱˣ˼Լǲ˵ˣ־鵱˵û߹Ȼϲŭ޳Ƣֵúܡ
ֱգۿûӰˣҶٷȻԼ˵͵һĴȣһ̵غšˡ׷˹ȥ
֪ͻȻѡԼҪأҲûʽԱű⣬ɲôȥˡ
һ
˵ѧҵ֮Убһ֮У󣬻ص˵Ŀ֮ԿռţȴǵѬһϸ΢
εͲ¶ȵҶٷ˿ҷɣǰ˵׻ǰʮߣǲǰڳջ̬Ҳǲӵ
ٽšҶٷҲòЦֱͦӭǼ˳ܲסѹͷٴο϶һԼ
д߲ϲЩСų֮ᱻ䲻ϲԼԴϻ̳Ͽ֡
ǵġ
ȻҶٷ̹һʱ֮ǵɫȻ࣬¹һȣǵгȡ֮ǰͼ
Ŷһﲻ󣬿СðЩΪҩ֮ˣҵĸۡͲŭңֱӽĥȥٴж˿飿
Ҷٷһ㶣һʲôһﲻˣôԣصˡ
ȡҶٷŬƺЩѵ沿飬Ϊζп˵ģͣԭɽ¾ģ˭롭
ǿЦЦġ
Ҷٷ΢΢һЦ֮ǰĿξ絴ϲޣһ˫·޺ֻڿ֮ǰСĶôһֻۣһۣ޶޿ݣֱ˼㱡ԣҪ˵ʲôҪʲôȫ֪ˡ
ϲˣЩǰСϳݵģãЦöˡ
ֻݱ޵ϲãƺδͣãͻһҲм̾Ϣ
㵹ǻ˵Ǵ˼ҵү飬ʦ
Ҷٷֻ䣬ǲ˵Լ˵ЩʱȻȻԣƳһ˵ĵӲѰ֮£
㲻ͷμңȻúáǶʮһ꣬Ҳϲˣᷳ
ҶٷԽѸһתµԼĪĸߵľʶǵ˲ˣŻ˵Ļ
ôأҶٷæϣɽ궼һ컨Ӵ⸴ڣ˭Ҳ˵껨ȥкβͬ˭ָ˵ɽˮ羰ǻῴ˵ģ
֪û˿ɽˮ˵ģ
Ҷٷ΢΢һЦǱȻΪɽˮɫ̫̫ˣǿ֮ԼʮһղͷͿԲſɽˮҲᡣ
أеһƣԭžҺƿһΣ͵ֱ̧˵ҶٷЦȥҲǡ
ãҶٷ类öЩëҪ̲ס˻ˣǲջߣһɨֱ˵һá֡
Ȼַɿزһ䣬Ҳǻˡ
Ҷٷ磺
ȵȣҸղǲ˵ʲô˵£ôܸоҪֳ
֪Ҷٷıʵֻ˵֮ҰܣȻʲôòÿɽˮܾÿˡôͳ˻˲ŸҾÿ
ŭߵǺηˣ밲Ϣɡ
㣬ܲǲΪҪҽױЩҲԣҴΪҵҩҲúúɲС
лˣҶٷϲæʩһ񣬡һȫϣްԹԣ
ңЦһΪȻС죬ĳҪʮ֮һ𡭡
ĳˣȻŵܿͻ˵Ǹù
ƼҶٷ˼ֹģϸüһô⣿
˵ʹݵһ̣Ҷٷʶػһݣæ˰֣ɰͰ͵Цתƻ⣬װʲôҲû룬ɽʱšÿζҩ˽𣿡
ЦЦǵǡ
ŶҶٷ¶ͷ
һʼġǲһûϢǿָ߾˷ܹͷε˻Ҫȥȣ鷳ɴ͡
ɴͶɽˣ
ͶֱӶȥڣˤҲŲšƺǻĻ棬̿
˵ףû˵ҩ˻ᱻһɽЩܵõȥľѴ
ҶٷҲĺͷʾ˽ҹһ⡣
߰ɣȥҩ®
Ȼֳȥһ˫ֱҶٷץʲôĻܵСƵģϸϸȦסţġϸȴǱʯҪǿӲݲö
Ҷٷ粻ɵþŸ첲ץԼಽб󷽹Թ·ӻδװθߣòСȶ쵹
;һۣ㿴ģƸùɵʲôСС꣬ԼƣһŲϲЦ
ҩ®Ҷٷź֪ʲôҩ
ǺЦбɹȥһۣ֪ҪʲôҩʲôʹӦˣͲҪõġǣںڻü
ҶٷҡͷҲڣ
ҲûɶµģȻҪԣ߾ͲԼûҩôԡԵġȴҪǾ͸ˡ
Լ彫ҲǱ˵ģܸǶܵĶҲһ׮
ȻҲֻǸ԰ˣпǴδᵽİá
ʵ֤Ǿ䡮ڻüЦһ·


10 ˵Ҫ
ڳĬбڳĬбԡ
Ҷٷ翴žˣԼ·Ѿ
죬ˣһһҩĳԣÿϵϴվӶһ̼ա
һ죬Ҷٷ緢ԼƤð͸ԴĳֵĹΣԶԶȥһëߡֱֹһˣҸѡ첲⡢ȸȵȱ÷ɫһЩĵطҲð𪡣
ϴԡʱҶٷ緢͵ˡ
ҩЧ
˾ߣӦûʲô뷨
ڶ죬Ҷٷ緢Լ˱仯ȻϸһȦӤûˣΪԵѸͦЩ
⵹ûʲôϵļҲûôˣǿ壬֫͸ļⶼӡǻ˵ӰֻӾЧ
ΪʲôطļⶼòˣҲˣƫƫƨ͸Բˣ
ߵǶƨʲôƫ
죬Ҷٷ緢Լһëĺ䡣
ǻþһͻܲˣͷʱ򻹻Ӵܡ
죬ǲҩˣʼҶٷ糢ʱҲתԲͣЪĲʵ
죬ķǰ˰磬ҳ˼⣬ͬʱüëëͷĸë۾ģȫȻ䡣
档
죬Ҷٷ緢ԼȥģϸϸҲӯ˼Ҳڡġ
ĵطˣƾʲôǰҲе
Ҷٷ޿̣ðקסߵӣԴ˾һսʮһúƱʣ㻹󡭡
ǡǺǺǺǺǺǡЦ÷·л壬Ȼ󰲸Ҷٷͷôأٷܵ~
ôҶٷɫһһ࣬ͷĿѣո͵͵ڱ󶪵ҩʲôղǲҵģȵȣȣΪϹҾͿˣ
ǻһë˲Цɢ㵱ȻϹӡ
ҶٷʶԼ˵˻ʱһɣԲҲǸ˼˵ĶǶԵģ˵ʲôҶţòã
ǱƵıãЦҩ
Ҷٷ磺á
ܾú񱻺ˡ
졣
Ҷٷһûٳֵֹı仯ϲˣӯ
ûüˣ˱𴲵ĵɷ˵˱ߣ˵ȥԡ
ǰŸոϴǡˣ˵ģǷˡ
ǴȥѩɽصһȪܾ
ð֪ˣǿҩЧ԰ɡҪ˵˵۲ԼȥϴԼ۲죬˻㱨𣿡
ǴӦˡ
Ϳغƨɰɣǰ󶼿
Ŷðɡ

ɶ
Ҷٷͷȥ͵ͣŵػͷ𾪿Цȴǡ
ǣҪǲ˼Ļ
λƽϻ۹ˡ
˲ˡ
Ȼ˿Ĳλǰǰ󡭡ȫǳǳķۣ죡ɫ
Ӥô۵ģ
һѩɽȪеˮȻըֱڻľϵĻѩŨա
һϢ崩·Ҷٷһת۳嵽ǰ鼤ۿ졢Ϣ΢㡭㡭
һĴȰᣬ̧־ͷһԺ䣬ЦŰСɰô˳ˣ𼱣˵
ʵ˵Ҷٷץסǵ죬߬סֱ۶ŲЩҩЧõģԲԣ
գ۵ͷ԰
Ҷٷһõľͺãþͺá
ǿҲάָҰɣ룬һʱ䡣
ꡭҲаɡҶٷĨ˰Ŭ˳ɿǡ
ٲһǺзģǸĻ쵰ռ˱ˡ
ǿȻͲˣȻеڣԼ˵ΪҶСܵһǺڵĿɰգñȥˣظĿڰοұһߵǿЩҩõĲҲãӲ˵ֹꡣ
Ҷٷ͵̧ͷɴ۾ֹꡭǶã
šһꣿ
Ҷٷأͫ׽
룬֮ǰĳҲйһ
Ҷٷָ߬ȭֹ
ʵ겻ڻ~ǵĴԽ˵Խ˳죬һЦؿҪٴηҶٷ繴뻳Уĺ󱳣ҪϲԺЩϡңΪٸЩҩάָãʱʮ궼˶Ϊôģգ
Ҷٷ˫ĿʧһͷײԼԱˡ
Ҷҵڰ߰ɡ
𼤶ˣΪ˹ͷҲԼѪڱʶˣҿҲ㿪Ŀĵͷͼһ°Ҷٷ侲侲֮ǰ˵ҵĿĲǰҩѧ𣿡
ҶٷһקԼ߻ǣȻָ˵΢һͷǡ
ھѧɡ
¶ôˡ
ǱħޣʱҲͼԽޣħػķҲЩħ޶ϰļܡҶٷһѧûиоʲô谭
ȻÿҩֻǵڰտʼֶһǴĻ˳Ϊϸؽÿ֡õĲ֮кβͬѡֲµ
ҶٷǳȻشԼǬͳõǰǫѯʣˣôʲô
ʲôģֱӴҵĲֿﲻ͡ת˵һĻڿе֥źʱӲͣ٣
ôˣ
ǲٶֲˣ޳ķƤһƣ৵ȿƮ㡪¶װԻĶģ
Ҷٷ絹Ҳ̹Ȼشһġ
ǲÿɷءŶһҲ֪ûţ´ȥϸ۲ֲ赭дƵĿڣ΢İɡ
Ҷٷ缱æѯʣ΢Ǿ˶٣ķЩʣ
ǣ΢΢üؿҶٷҡҡͷò˵㣬С͡ɡ
Ҷٷ磺
ǣҲûҵһܳôݵ͵ҩЧϾ已̥һġ
Ŷ
ҶٷϷƽ˾ЩĮȻΪĬֲ
ʵը˻
ͿԳװЩڵĶҮ~Ҿ㲻СĳԵҲЧȫûк֮ǣ
Ҳ
ǿޱ飬˼룬Ҷٷļ򣬰ο
ѹٹʮҾƳרŸõĵҩˣʱ򡭡
ҶٷһæǵĻͷ˵ȥȾܡ
ʱʲôʱһ𣿣
ޣΪʲôҪ˵
ʱʶ֮һյһΥǧﴫ
̶ַи㡣
ҶٷЩѿڶ˲ͻؾ䡮ô֪ˣ£Һд棬ûг嶯ѯǣɺײԼ֮еĹؼ
ɣַôҵˣûȥ
˵ҶٷȴʣϾǰ̶ǰĵؿҫԼȥַǧɢ¡


11 ˵Ҫɽ
Ҷٷնһ˭Ǳ̶ͽִһ䣬
²˭𣿡
ҶٷһʱЩǧﴫһյʱ䣬Ͳһѻ˵
ĸ֮ЩΪµûµģַһϵãвκһλ֣Ǿ̶úԼҲʶ𲻳ġ
ôһٺ̶ȥ⣬ǻ¶ڶӲӱֲܻԼǰάֵǸḡ
˼ȥҶٷֻýԼĿͷŷ飬һ߷һ߻˸Ӧ
ңҵȻ磬ôʵͷȥˣ
Ŷ~֪ˣַذɣûã˶ƺҵ䣬ζ˲ɣ
մȥҶٷ緭־һ١
԰̶ôַ֪ҵģ֪һֽԺãΪעˣôȥַַ³
ˣûȥС
Ҷٷ磺ȥˣ
̶Ǳ߿Цãǵģֻǡ˵ˡ
Ҷٷ粻ԾЦС͸һ԰ڷŵƼԼģЦһ
Ҫļ棬̶ƼԼ⸱ģ
ϸ˼֡
Ҷٷҧҧֻƶ̶ȥµǧﴫӣ㻹û˵ϲʲôء
׻һҪ׻ȡڼ֮ǰϲǶ
ϲʲôģʲôģ٣Ȼ̶ģװһգ
һֱػ̶ܿʱȴȻû˷Ӧ
Ҷٷ粻Цø˾֪߻رˣȻ֮ǰֻҪӵģŶļ䰡ͽӲȥˣ
Ѳɣһ۶֭˲ɣⲻʱ̶Ƶȥ
ʱ¶ľ޴ģҶٷֻЦͣ
ӻûػǾٶˡ
ӣôػأѵֻҪ˾Ͷϲȡϲˣ
ѽҲЦġ
̶ڳסˣǵģˡ
ķǡ
ҶٷԼһϷ̫ˣŻ֮飬̫̫۸ˣֱô߼䶼Բ
⸱ƢӣֱЩɰˡ
ðɣӲԼϲʲôˣҵĲΪһشˡҶٷЦе¼һŬסЦҲ¼ȥʽʺˣӾãˣǲϲͣ
ҶٷԼϣŴѩ֪ʼػˡ˵⻰Сĵעһܣţɽϡ٣ӦûԼߡ
뿴⻰ʱɿһ־ΪӰ
Һߣħ޴еţǽ˶ˡ̶ƽȣ֪ģΪڻشʦط뿼أֱʿ䷶ı׼ش
Եֻңңһλ񡭡ʺҵ͡
ǵģֻǸʶõʿ֮죬ֲǴ˾۸ĳδ̫̫óЦˡ
Ҷٷ绹ǲð߼ˣ׷˼䣬Żϸڵʣ߿ǻˮ治ϲ߲ŮװأǴĪֻǴеòأʦ崿ŵľأ̶ֱΪεĲϲ̫ڸߵͷˣôϲءʦҲϲ̫ϸˣġա

ǱԤҪõ࣬Ҷٷ籾ΪԼҪٽһĸû뵽ߵͷһʣȴԼڱ߸Ѿ̶ˡ
Ǹ֮ϲøˡ
̶̵ҶٷҪĹҶٷٴΰöûٷǧﴫǴﵽҶٷҪЧ
ûľܾȥַˣҪһɽĽڣȥĶν
˵ƽɽܺãҲԸṩϰأΪԷһҪһֻԼ֪ķˮأռ˵ĲϾ֮£ȴµɡ
Ҳֻ޶ȵؽδϳķա
ķѾѧò࣬յ˵ϣƽɽȴҲûʲôԽˣʣµĲ֣ҪȫҶٷԼϰ
֮ҶٷҲôзҺĸַʦСĻ飬ɽ¡
**
ɽҪȥĶ
һǷ׹໥ײ죬յˣװ˵ŮԣҲñƽЩ
ҶٷѶͷǼֲ֣޲˵˵ңǾþòȥ¸˼һƬ⡣
ŶЦˣȻҲǿ㡣øȥȵһҪҩǹ۲ҩЧʱҲɽѰ㡣
ʵǣַ
Ƕʱ۾һҲҪȥ
Ҷٷһ£в⣬һѹȺƱַķӼħߡȥַʲô
ҳӣ׽飿ֳ
ǣģⲻ;ˡ
ûڿҵˡ
ҶٷЦãȻҲȤʱһͬǰȥֻ;кһ˻͡
ǣŶʲôˣеŮģúÿ𣿡
Ҷٷе㱣һ˲˱׵׷ʹػĴһǡʲôϵʲô
ûʥšסڼʱÿÿ˭ҵĹСߵĽˣҪǰôһΡػʡ
ȻҶٷ򾲵뵽ʲôˣ϶ҲԼ˵ġ
еޣͦ˧ʶãǷǮ
ޣôһСİջĸĸʽشˣûʱģ
е߳ܣҶٷǿװȻŲߣǹȻЦ˳ޣ޾Ȼ㻹Ǯ

Ҷٷ˸ûϸ˵
ޣҲǲСѿڶպôϿ̶֪ĸĸѡǿϵݣҶٷҪһֱԼһķˡϾ̶̫ǳŵĵӡǿɣÿͽ޵úܣΪ˷ֹǼ޶ѡ
Ҳѹ̶ôԣפձٹȣΪôˡΪĸ޵Ķӣ̶ƸճѾȱһˡ
ҹҶٷһʱҲǻ˺óĹŽƽࡣ
ܻοɵ֮ӰǸĸԭͲеԶ
һİߣһİʮĴ񣬾Ȼôɵˣ˸̶Ķӡ
ǣĸɵģ
šҶٷشɻ󣬡ôˣ
Ŷ̰ɣʱҾͲˡ
Ҷٷ粻Щź˸̶ϷĻᣬҲֻӦ¡б˵ƺϲЩɵƽʱҲûǺйȥЩħ޵ϰ
˭֪˵ڶ죬Ҷٷ׹ǿеġϵıܿ棬һ˼


12 ˵
ҶٷǵΪ̫࣬ǸȻЩ鷳׼ǰ·ʱҶٷͬˡ
ճ֮ҶٷԼĶȴǸۺʱҫ۶Ŀˣһһ쳤£üбɣòȴ䣬˿װﶼ޵ĿꡣȻЩҶٷϤЧʱнŹ˵İ㣬Ҷٷ綼ҪԼϴˡ
ô˲ɣ
ЦββƵͬһ·ɽʱƮƮҶٷ
סǣ
ôһװճܻò˫ۣѾҪľ˵Ҷٷ練ñκһ۶ҪޣûЩ׸ƵĸװΣǱ˵͹˳¶ߴܵѹҲȻ˿һ۱Ҫס
ʱ棬ͲҪˣǹ𴽽ǣһգԶʣײ֮УץΣԹעڰգֻȥԱòôˣǵãƽɽ⣬ͳƺҡׯ
ԭǵġ
ȵȣׯôе졣
ҶٷͷӦˣһͬ˽ԭվںģҪߣȴֱǡׯקǰȥ˱ׯϻ§ŵơ
һ̧ͷÿׯЦЦģҪˡ
ˣǰշʱҵߵıǡׯӰ
֪ģѾ˴ʶ࣬Ҳʶ˿һ£Ҷٷһׯʱȴûǰôˣʶؾ;нﻹʱʱҪάֺ÷ɫжʵȴˡ
һ飬ϱһأһ·Եֻ
Ҳʮ֮һҶٷֻüͻȻٶȳúûܿصȥֱԽׯǰһΣգ۾˱֮ϣµľɫңԶСˡֱٶȶҶٷվֱ壬ׯл
ׯҶٷӦһ³ƺС㾭װɽ𣿡
ӡǸǣʵǸ
ׯһ˴ȤˣȻҪɽ
Ҷٷ粻뵽飬Ҳдܡ
ǻׯɽҶٷԭȥѰһõط׼ļƻҲңԭҶٷԼҪüʱ·̣ׯһʱڱ㶨ˡ쵽ַıʱׯʼŽ٣ٴø첲§Ҷٷϣֹվˤȥ
һ纣ľ޴ǴӸ߿ոȥҲúǾˣΪºַδκηַ֧ʱǿ
ׯ˸£ͬһʯСδǰ𽥷ŴֱռȫҰǳµһ¥ĴС͸߶ȣֻϲ̨ͤ·һƮںϵĳǡ
̶վС˵ӭ̨ϣ̨ӻһҶ氼͹ƽҶ磬ǡòôͱⷴε۾
վ̶ȴǷźĽԼվŵ˻ε۾
ǺýᷴǳҲˣȴ·ţƤͷӨ󵽲˼ĵزǣôߵĵطٶ֮죬Ȼкš
۵ģҪǽ϶˵̬һ޶Ʊˣһɰ鶯òɣɵĻУץǻϵֱۣ»
һɫĻ棬˶룬ʶӵ˼
δüȶã̶ͺܿ췢֣ˣԼȻʶ
ǷڽķӣѸزˣĳЩĶȡζ̶ֻƤһҧ˿ſˮƵģࣵһѿһȵĳ
ֻ⸴ӵĸÿ죬ȥҲ죬̶һջȥĽţʱϵ΢ЦǿԼҶϵֱŲߡ
ַ磬˹ˣסַҲôΧˣ̶Լ࿴ۣô뵽˺ԼȴҶκϵ
ʱ˿̣ӭ̨Ҳûˡ
׻˵úãһղĿ࿴
䵽ӭ̨Ҷٷׯӭ̶ߣһʱ˶Ĭû˵һ˼ֹŶԷȿڵģ
ǣׯ̶̶Ҷٷ磬Ҷٷ翴Ա߷ȥĺԣһȷǳ졣
Ƭ̹󣬻ҶٷȿһЦŴкӣþò
šҶӣ̶񣬡ǡ
ʲôˣ
ҶٷЦݲ䣬⼸һ˸ķҲܻӭЩûŵɡ
ǵģǳ壨ҩȡ棨ѧˣȰɡ
ᣡ
ȻûСʣ̶ɫ΢䡢ҲʶԼصЩˣתԱö꣬λǡ
ׯǰһһͷ䵭ׯһɢޣҶӡ
һȴ˵ʱǹЦſҶٷ磬һͣ٣ôʣڵθڣʶãҲʶһͬжˡ
⻰ûκ⣬ׯ飬ԼϹͣ١˺ᣬǻл
Ҷٷߣʱׯ̫ϵˣ̫Լθˣ̲סҲЦһ¡
ʱׯѾ£ȫѹ˿ΪߵͣΣֻܲµǸħޡ̶ĬƬֻ̣ҲԼݣ
̶״ӣһɵޣŸոͻƷڡһͣ٣һ䣬ҲһǰżҶӣһʰˡ
һǰҶٷһ£һôǵúûôãǺǲһʱ䣬ʮѣ
ׯҲ֪ʲô䵭ȴûͣŶԭӣӢţֲ١ҶڳǰôԼĴ磬ЩҪҰָԭء
̶ʱתͷŵ£
Ҷٷ类һһҼм䣬ЩãȻ廰صĶȵȣҡ
пǹûô֪ģҵ飬̶ôֱңԽŲׯұ𣿣
ׯϹݸǰģԭҸѡģȴȻԼ벻˱˵ۡ
Ҷٷ磺ҽŲΪ
Ҫ⸱Ӽˣŵ˲İɣ
ׯɽһ·ãſڵַʱЦһЦ
̶ջߣĿбӵؿ·ֱߣҶʣ־Ĵ磬˾òÿǶϹۡ
ׯ¶ɫ
ԭׯǵԼͶɹء
Ҷٷؿ̶ڿԼôƵġ
ҲΪˣųͲִˣҪĨǱ׻ޡ
˵䣬ѾߵַڲһΪľƷҶдš衯֡
Ѱһ¥Ŀ̨ҶٷѰŻῪڵڿ˵˰ɣӣҵĵλˣ
̶һʼղرܵׯ뵥㡣
ҶٷһЦʦСֻյ֪غ£Ҳ㡢ׯ۸ģҪ£ֱҾǡ
̶ֱ׵Ļɫ΢Σν͵ʦСģҲ輧棬ɾ
ɾַĻϰ塣


13 ˵ί
ɾַĻ֮ˣʵʲɾֻǸĳνʵĿҲ˼
ֻɾûżҲܴһסݵĽɫߡ
˵ֻ¶°촽˫ĿڵʵʵȴӰϵҲǻ顢仯ģۿЦϲŭչ֡
ɾžô˴ߵַϡ
Ҷٷô룬û뵽ҪԼ˾һڴеˣһʱԭʱûҵɾʵأ
ǡҲʶΪҪң
ǰйԼľ飬ҶٷҲǵñǰᵽƵ£ϾԼйصȿġ
Ҳ˵ΪѾʼԷظıˡ
̶ٶ͸¶ֻЦЦ˾֪ˡ
˵ǿءׯһԵ٩˵ɾʵҲǸˡ
Ҷٷһգ۾̵ͷãǾȼɡ
ǷǳϺɫ˵硣
ǷҶٷҲôʵصȥһİˣ¶ءаλȨ֮ˡ
̶Ҳ׼һ˵ǣҶٷһΪ鷳¾ͱ֮ؾܾղҶٷõ桢ֱӹĻǳڽĿǡ
ׯû뵽ҶٷôˬشӦؿ
֮£̶ֻЩȣׯĿͺֱˣͲǿɫࣿ
̶ʱˮǺˣҿˡ
ҶٷһĪ˵˰ɣ
ׯ͡
Ҷٷ磺
ðɣԼһʲôˡ
ׯܲܰҸСæٰ䡭Ҷٷ֪Ӧ㲻ıĿȥСģҲʵڲ̫붥źˡ
ׯû٣һЦðٶһꡣ
һһ꣬ʲôġҶٷҲӦ꣬ҩЧ͹ˣһһȫûҲϲַ񣬹Ҳûˡ
δ䣬áˢһ̶ͻȻվľƵӽʯĵשĦ̶
Ҷٷ翴ΪǵȵüˣλɾżңھҪȥ
̶ĬƬ̣ɤӵô鷳ɾӲòȡˣҲûҪַ˼
㲻ǲ֪ΪҪң
ׯҲϷƵƮȥһ̶ۣɫ΢ΣַʦСĶԸ뷻ģ޼ҿɹĿˣġÿҲ뷽跨ļӲѰ֮£ǿСȣҶӲضǡ
ôһȰ̶άɾҶٷҲٶ˵ʲôӦ̶£ô
ׯƽ޹ʴʧҶٷٵһҩ˵Ļᣬ̫ˣҲ˵һԱм
˵ʱһλ¶ȹò˹ΪһЩƣƺƮżƬ۵Ļꡣ
λӣҼҷѾڼˣȥˡ
̶һ㶣ͻȻǿʮһֻۣǺߵͷۣδʲôӦ
Ҷٷ̾ûʲôӣһΪҪϼڵϰء˵ֱһƣͷ͸߸߾𵹽һڣһˣûϵļվ
̶ׯһ֣ȻѾˣҲڴ˶컹£һ
˷ͷ뿪ׯһֱ󿿽ʵα̧һУĸдСӵұ
Ҷٷǰ·ã濴ַһӴδȴû뵽Ƶ·ô࣬žͽͷתһ·ܿҲԽԽ٣𽥱üžˡ
û𣿡
ܿ͵ˣҶĪҪļ
Ҷٷһգ߽һԶǷڻȴһŴС·ºֽţЩ
Ȼ;ãԼѾûءðաˣʦŵŸĻЩ˵õôٲκβҪ׵¡
ûһйǣҪˣˣҲˣŷԭԼϲԭǰƽ
ⶺŪ̶ԼҲãͻȻȥƽɽٺһҩҲã֪ǸǻؾȥһǧķҲá
Ҷٷ绹ʱ㽹ӣеˣ˲֮£ƾ־֮¡
Ҷٷţ鲻ԽЦ۾ƵߣҲ·жôͷˡ
ͷĺҲ鶶˶ë˶࣬ڸղǿڻƴǳǳů֮С
ˣ
Ų͵һͣҶٷЩײǰ̧꣬ͷȥһȿ̻ħĸߴľţɾұ߰ħէ֮Էҡ
Ҷٷո̧֣ҪŰ壬Űȴڴˡ
ڷ羰ҶٷǰģһƼŲľ磬𽥴󳨣Ƽ
Ҷٷ翴棬طⷿѰ˵ҪڿͿտˣֱ
ٿڣǽ컨嶼һŵĸɫֽɡڵԲԲɡſ¶ŵĻܽ㣬һһҪΪЩָֿߵǽڷ絲ꡣ
ֱ߽ȥһƬ⻬ӳӰʯͷש棬ʱӳɡԵѤʡ룬һŽɫߵ°׳£˶һ棬ϰڷһײߣΨһļҾ߰ˡ
һ䣬һĿˣӣȴ͸һɹ֮УЩ߶桢Ҳ˵

Ҷٷԥһ˲ֱ컨ľ󰲾£һ˿϶Ҳû
ˣˡ
ǰȥҲǰǰɾԶ
ýˣҶٷŵԿɾߣȻ紫ڵ۾ӣȴԵɫٵģ˫ӣɾ鶯գۣβ޳üһͬбޡ
ǻе˶ˡ
ۿɾ¾ͲֻԹԵϴݲ裬һԲҶٷŲ˱ҲȲסˣȿڵ֪ν棬ʲô£
ɾֺһ٣Ͻɫһ̧ŵ͸ֱ߳Ҷٷһ㶡
ǸҶӵʱ䡣ɾŶ˵Ҳ̬ȺºͣδռԼλߵݾӵʵҶǰ󡣡
ҶٷȻֺ֮ϤУɾʲôģܾƵ
ʲô£
µĴǹϵҲóƣ£һҶΪǣߴţӸ
Ҷٷƣô֪
ɾûлش𣬼˵ڶ£ҶӰæȥһ¹ǣΪѰһ¡
Ҷٷ죬۾Բң
ˣ֮У̶ΪǡԵ¹֮࣬ɾί½׻׽ַ


14 ˵кô
еľ飬̶츳˼ѣΪÿ죬ڶ̶һڸ㶨ʿ㲻¼;ľų߳ߣڶ¹֮˵ɾһ飬ʱĳ޵ģҲо˹ʺ˼ۺġ
Ҷٷ˰ΣôҲ벻ףԼոıһЩ飬һЩúвһˣôҲڸı䵽ز̶ֱĻԵԼ
˵ˣ㵽ԼҲζԼܳԵȥ¹ǵ桢ʵûдôΣգƾԼҲһܸ㶨
ɾҲǸԼõģ˵Լ֮󣬾ĵصҶٷ˼ʱ䣬Ҳʣ·ֻʣºúݲƷһҪ¡
ҶٷûкȲ裬㣬Ҳǿģϲãɾһ䣬Ϊλ뵽½һͨʿ
˵ϸڣִֽţһǽ¹֮ǰֵеΪʿһһܶ飬ɻǰȥĸɴܡϣҲһ
ڵ˿¹Ѿ˸˭̤Ĳ֮أ˵ӡУ¹ǴͿ̿Թ졣
У¹֮ģ̶֮£̶ǡǡ츳ǿΪߣ;ġų߳ߡɾУǷһΪ̶¹µ޻׽ַ
ô䵽ԼͷϣҶٷһͷˮ
ɾĴüҲЦ⣬Ҷӣδף
Ҷٷ˵һҲػش
һΪͣ򣬲ˮƽڶҼʶǳ뿪ʦŶָļ꣬ȫûӦľ顣ͣʱ㵽¹ǣҲֻʲôʲôߡʲôʲôɾһССʿĻϰһͬ
ȻЩҶٷӦɾĴǣҪµԭ
鵽飬֮ǰĶʱҶٷ֪¹֮Ǹô£׾٣ĸԴҲ⡣
ɾΪҶٷ練ԥˡ
̶ˣû߱˵ᡢĽݺڱ˵ĻԵ
Ҫǣȫ̶һõʲô˳̸лĽʡ
ڵõٶĺôΪǱǷԼȵȣ󶼵һߵУǸðơҶٷ硯֮ûôɵ£
Ϊͣ㣬ЩҶӴɲУɾ֪룬ϵһ˵ǣȻػػ¹ǵ£ҶһͬǰȥЭҶӲࡣ
ˣ
Ҷٷֱʲô²⡣
òᡭ
ʵᵽҶӣ˵ϻ۹ˣܿעⲻϸںࡣɾϻƵĽɫֱͫ
һΣصҶǰ̸
Ҷٷ磺Ȼ̶ǡ
ʲô˼ʲôͿҴϻ۹ˣ
Ҷٷޱ飬е԰ףĵﲨηӿ˼ڡ̶ԼĪǸɵӡ롮̶ڹҡ֮ҡڲ
̶һǰ¹ǣ»˵Ǻǻ
ٴ˼Ŀ⽹ʶƮɾбǽϲŵֽɡϣɡϵĺ뻨
Ѱ˵Ļתº˱ĶҲǲС̶ֻԼ֮ǰΪԼһѣǵҲǺ̶һ϶ĺûᡣ
ҡ
תת飬һգǰѳºȴǡһͲǵɾ
ʮ֮⣬λɾƺҲǸܺõǶ󣬹ˡź뷲֮ɾЩʲô𡭡ȿȣϾʱðƵġԼɾƣƺҲǼȤ¡
Ҷٷ翴ſţԥɫɢȥתΪЦ⣬ҴӦ£ɾʲôꣿ
ɾܿӦˣˬ鱦鵤ҩֲֻҪеģֲ̫֣ҶӶҪȥ
Ǿ³֮ɾһԸɡ
һΪ
̸һ˶࣬ҶٷţƤһɾв豭ֻʣһڵװʵ裬ôúȣ
ɾͷҲͣЦɽ裬ȻǺúȵġ
ҶٷǱ˵ƵģɾΪԼһʽһ¶ǣǲˮҲ֪մͷûУʹů⻬
治ƭˣҵⱭĺζ죬ü˵վͷԼĲ豭־ȥɾһҳǲǸԼ͵͵ǡ
ɾҪԼǿںˣֻڱϣ⧲ҶٷôѸһᣬǰƵһΣָűӵģֻɲǼ⡢ʶֶͱóȥ
Ŀ࣬΢ȴûҲˣƼҶٷѾԼڵĲ豭ָɵñת˸ȦۺıϣѰ˲ˮеζ
ƫƫһڣƵĹ£Ʒϸ¶ѧԼźȲӡ
Ҷٷ粢δעʱƬٻƵڽɫˮƵɢڻɾƤһĬĬֲڰ°սָѹġ
Ҷٷ湻ˣЦز豭һֺģ˵šԭҴɾʱɾһգգضϻƵƺﲻ̫һˣΨһ¶촽Ҳȳʱ˼Ѫɫ
ɾ˿գȤҶǸˮʶ̧٣ǵҶʧˡ
ˮݳﶮʲô⻰ɾ˵һĳЦζ
Ҷٷ类˵Щ˴ʶﲻסظ̣治ַķλߡ
Ȼ͸Цװȫûв˼ģɾǷȤ
ɾĿЦݣҶҲϲ
ǡ
ۿſҪӲȥ⻰ˣҶٷ绹ûüǱɾͼʱػ˻⣬Ҷӵһ£ӻߣصһд֮СҶҲصģоðߵ
Ҷٷͷɾô֪ģ
ַϢͨȻ֪ĶһЩ
˵գͽѾдõŵ˹ȥ
ãСһ׮һΪɾ͵
Ҷٷ棬ɾҲֱԵʵһЩԼơзĵҩ֮࣬Ҳôٽٽַ⡣
ԭҪЩֵֹĶǣ֮⣬֮С
Ҷٷ̲סһ£ַиʦС輧˶׷׷ǵҩЩ֮ӣ齲ЦЦֹɫʷ׳ʡ
̫ˣǴӦ£Ժ汻˿Ͳᱻ˵иĶ䡯ֱӱ˵ַСܳˡ
Ҷٷ㱵ţӦԼܻԸΪʲôһ㶼ЦغǺǺǡ


15 ˵޸
ҶٷȥׯʱײһĪһ֮ϣһϣƻں紷
Ǹߴˡ
Ҷٷ۾ͷߣְôҲء
һͺһ
ףߵ
ҶٷãȻغ˼ٴλصһɫĻǰڳٶ۵ϳ˱ûеׯľԶĶԽϣһˡ
ׯǰ壬һɻ󣬡ٷܵܣǿ¥µıݵģô
ҶٷЦ˲ˡ
ׯһüţ
ҶٷһᣬʶĽɫˣٿЩӹ֬׷ۡ
ׯЦˣԱߵļСĶȴһšüõ廨ƵĶ˹Ҷٷһֲһ䣬˵ǹ
˵վͲ˲ͷڵ亹Լѹ
ٷܵܵɣЩǡׯһ֣һСı㲻鲻ԸŲӣȫһȥ
ԱߵλӿճˣׯЦԼԱߵλã
Ҷٷһ飬Ȼ𵱳ҶʱԼҲôԼ˫Ƶġ
˫ƵëɫưĴӡ
Լͷë׺ҶٷȻˣƽؾҲׯҲ鲻Խ޶⣬Ǿȥˡ
ˣһͷͷǼСȻе磬еƣȴһһЩֽʣеׯ֪ڵż¼ʲô
ҶٷŲӿȥȻ˼С֣
̰룬һơĥۡ
СǷǵأקׯҡΣôү~ټ˵˼ҵſɼˡ
Ҷٷ糹״ˣѭСеӣһ·ֱۡ䵽ׯõϣѯʣ

ׯүڸ
ׯһҫ°͵ЩСĶ
Լῴ
ַ֣Ѱ˹ȴַϷĵСĴݻؾ
͹ׯˡ
ˣҶٷѹڰ½Ƿׯλɾתġ
ʲôׯָ΢ˣˣȥٿȤĶ
Ҷٷغ˼ֳ˼ڵģŸܽԼƵصĴɢȥׯͻȻȻءŶ~һ
ˡ
С۵شչȥΪҪ˵ʲôո䷽
ׯٷܵǲϲ̫İɣ
Ҷٷ磺
һԵǽڽÿ̨ϵĿ˸һ߹ǽڣţߵһͷ£ϵһöСɫׯҡҡ첢δȴһרŷһ߹ˡ
λүҪʲô
ׯһ˵ӣָָԱߵҶٷ磬ңֻСɽ򡯵֡
Сɽ򣿡
Ҷٷ˵ʲôǱߵ˷ԸѾת뿪
û뵽ׯӶİﻹϤôҶӴδ𣿡
̶һഫֻһֻ˴뿪ȥ˵λСүҶٷһ࣬ǰΪҶӻϲ򡯵͡
˵ЦˡҶٷһЦû뵽̶ôæˣæ껹ǵûҳֵطȻϤúܣ᲻˽⣿ɽһġ
̶һ㶣ҶǺ¡
Ҷٷ磺ˡ
ɣҲٺϼһɣ̶ش𣬱վС֣ȥɫģֵģʫʸ踳ͨġɽ򶼽Ǻúѡһ
Ӵ˵ģСϸЦŵʱס죬۵һƬɫֵģҪֱ̽ͷڻûӿ͵ģһ¥ء
̶ɫ΢壬ҶӣҾͲ
ŶҶٷԣ̽ͷһ¥ȥ̨ϵȷվ˲ٵˣӵģģбѵģˣ԰Լ͵ġ
ҳʮСվɼԼŪųһЩע⣬ǳһַʵ̫ãѡСķúѹò
̫Զܿ
Ҷٷ²ʣɴһץסԵСүһͬˣֱӽŲһ¥ԾȥȺ֦չԱߡ
Էһ磬һתͷ̶ȻҲˡ
һ
̶һ£ǡһ¥̫ҡ
ҶٷºЦҲͺ棬ԼҽڸԼ۸Ǹʲôӣ
ĸ̨רŸڱͱ⣬һ¥һƵĶ̨ÿֻ̨ܸպվһˣվһԣ̧СĵĴȣϾ͹ˡ
ҶٷԸ̶׼ȿѡԺ͵СүһˮϷβһһСļҳһ·粽룬̫̰棬һСܶȥ
ǸĽ㣬ȴƫƫҪҶϵĻȤǳ˸ںĴ㡣
̶һ߸ţһͼ廰ҶӣҶӣɾǲ˵ʲô
ҶٷͷҲأ˵ʲô㻹²Ҫȥ¹ǣʲôλ˲ȳϸ
СүæԱ߽ܣλ񡣡
̶Сүһۡ
Ŷ񰡣֡
һͷɢţЦǷҶٷһֻذ׵֣ҶٷΪҪףͷ
Ҷٷ磺
Ǹλү岻ʣֻղ
ŶǿϧˡҶٷ类ͷñСˣתȥһҶ
̶ͼӻ¹ǵջ֪ܿ࣬ҶӴʱ
ʲôҶٷɲĲɵӦһûȥ˸ôӺβҲ֪ôӦأѵи߼
̶ǫ߼㲻ϡ
Ǿ͵ȵ¡ҶٷȥҲȳƣƨ̡
Сүλů
ů֬۸٣˧ƼҶٷ翿ҲЦ⣬Ǹ߰Ƴһ̧ۣһҶٷ򣬽ֺ˳ż羱ֱ򢣬°
ҶٷװȤؿ˿䣬ǿû㿪ůҲͦãŶվôȣ
̶΢һװõůģһվȣһЩ¸̨
СүûɿһλҲɣ
̶ޱ飬˽˰ɣӿˣЪŰɡ
ҶٷͷҸղź񿴼ʲôȥˣ㿴𣿡
ûС̶ҡͷȰ˵Ҷӣʵ취ʲôģ˵¹Ǿˡ
˽һһòСģһȦСĲ屧ֻգǸҶٷʱˤ˲˶Ǻˮˣһûϡ
˺棬ҶٷҲڶֽˣЩͻȻ״ģƾ̶⵹⣬ԼϽ
̶ôѲɻ¸˸Լ·Сү伫
ҶٷЦ⣬ԽҽСģҾƫҪУҪһԻǮգͳһЦƷʯСүš
ַ̻ȥʯΪͨûҵģֻ
Ӵүǣ
ҶٷһһԵ̨ϣʮ˸ǮûСĿ㣿Ҹͷƽ
䣬ֱ۾͵ر߬סˣҶٷѭֿȥƮƮϣ߲ӽ⣬
Ǻ⣿


16 ˵Ҫ
һԵСүæԲλүַͷƶҪǰһܼģƢҲûţżһλͷĿأ²ܡ
ΪҲ֪ǺңҽڲǼҡҶٷȫţһֱ˼һ˦̶֣Ҫֵ׵ӣ
ҼǵͷƣһСĶһǸ޹ɵģǣƽʱֻȷ¶ΪѩǮŷҲҪھҪ
ͷƵϢҶٷǰһġ˵ѩһʼȥɣϧ츳ƽƽ˶ȥҲûܵȵͷأ˼ʮ꣬һƿͻơ
ԭΪ˶ţϾĿ׺©ƫҹ꣬СС˰㣬ֱʦţǡɾˡ
ѩַΨһޣٹפգܸߡ
ô˵ţʲôΪԶҲͲҪй
ȣǸطͱһ˸ɾƯöࡣ
ֲ˼ͷء
λү治ƭˣүأĲ㣬ԸӻȥƸǿҲͬⰡⲻΪС𣿡
̶䲻˦ˣҲգֻüͷţִ˹ȥȰҶٷļ򣬡αأҶӣѡô࣬绻һɣҲãС̡
Ҷٷһ̶࣬Ǽͷү˵ʲôôϵ˰Ĵħǲǵɲ˵㣬Ҫȷ˲ǣ˳Ҷţߣȥ
̶ƵһߣűСүżҶӣҶӣ侲һ°ɣˣǸġ
Ҷٷ͵һתչȥôʶ
̶û뵽ûٱܿʶһ˲ĺ촽˶Ҳµġ
ߡҶٷﰵЦñŲЦװʢŭģҡ˸ȥҴ·ҾԼң
ֻ谤ŰسһֱײĲ֮ˣٲСĵر¶һԼݡ
ôһҶҹֵַ飬ȻȻشȥˡ¹ȴҶһʥţԼ⡣
һãҶٷţŭ̶ĿҲˣͲԼ嵱Ǯӻȥ˶ۣܲ
Լ⼸ջһͬȥ¹ɾίе¡̶ҪֱѪˣٶȴܷйϾɾķԸ

Ҷٷһ·ţСүһ·ţһķͣ͸һǸϹͺôһ̶͹ȥϿҽ͵Ǹ䲻Ҫ׷
һһģ̶СүǧֹȷܸϸҶٷʰ̯ӡ
˺ɴͿѩȻЩǮתͷߡ
ЩţҲнƵģֻκҶٷΪִŲٷûһסġ
˲֪䣬Сүڰ׷Ҷٷǰһţһžʹϲȹȥ˼
үλүˣˣҴȥɣǵʱ£ǧ򡭡
ģҶٷܶļ򣬡ʱҾ㹩ȥȫһ˵š
ҲĶѩֻ˸ͷ־͵ã˭֪̫ã˰죬ûϸԼˣм˿Ųûͷġ
ѩοѩĿǸʲôݣҶٷ粢ںģֱӽ
ΣաɾӰǣɾҲӦˣֻҪܸĶԡ
̫̫ˣҶٷСүǰ·˾䲻
ǰȻʦŹܵòϣ˫ޣҶʱʱԼⲻǲУʮ겻Сײںϴˣ֪˭СȥмҸѵԼһͨ
ԭҲֻѵһͨ£ƫƫԼײ˵˵ʲôƾʲôܵ檣ֶ飬⿴һ۶
һײֱӱ졣
ҶٷôҲûúԼ޹˼ɵַƵأֳˡ
һԼȣһߴһ˵ˣбˣȶԸҩǻ
ԭءѰֱʮ£ֱӻʦűչأҶٷȴֻúЦˣ·˵һ㡣
ٲɵøһֽžͽлȥԹ췣ˣ
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Ҷٷһ͵ûװͰ͵ɹȥ
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Ҷٷһ£ͻȻӦȻᣬȥѩˣôң
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Ҷٷ磺
ˣǡǰСүͻȻͣһǰ˵͹ˣü졣
Ҷٷ̧һƣǸ䲻ͬĵطûҲϻҶд㷼֣Ǻÿ
ɴ̧һƣûƶ
˼ĳһƣǰϮȥǷɣţû
ȫĬľʹʮɵϡ
žһľʵţѿһӣǳ͸޷Ŷ롣
ͺˡ
ҶٷȻ˵㲻õԤУŬеݡ
дѩΪһ·ӳȥСĵʿĳͣҲȷмλʿʵԼ֮ϵߣĸ
Ҫ˵ʵǿ㶪µһƶ˰ԵǿԼȫԸҲ޷Ƴģȴֻһħޡ
԰ɡԱߵ̶Ҳ֪ôģһղȰ̬ȣȻְˣֲôʵ¡
̶ԱߣҶٷҲˣû˿ֱˡ
ȴ̶֪ΪƫҪԼһʱҲڷֱ֪ѶûӣԼղǲµ硭
Ҷٷû˵̶׳ĳѽ飬ֱ˷Űһȥâ¶ˣ
ǡһ϶һӣҲѾ͸棬ûƿš
ҪƿҪһʱˡ
̶һűǸ΢Цת㿴Ҷӣǻǡ
߰ɣҶٷ׼̨ˣͷûü£͸оһ𵴣Щڵء
궿ӡ񱻷ˡ
Ҳǣô˼ˣֻĶûֵġ
ҶٷǿѹĸоľŻ򿪣ڿȥ
ŵģǸֻúɫ̺ס°¶ݼĸߴӣһͷɫͷɢһ۾İ
Ҷٷ翴͵͵һּֽӡ
Ȼʮ֮һе߾ħ
иȴúܣҪе˼ˮƽ
ǲһ
ñ𿴿ĸҪڴ¡߾ħЦһ˵Σ̶ϣӴǴŰֵģõ


17 ˵޸
һ̶ȥģ߾ħʱѣҲǳ̶
ﲻ̫ԣҶٷһ£Ȼ߾ħԼǸ
˵˭İأ̶ӦҶٷٴηƢһվм䣬ֱӵס߾ħߣ۾úÿСүҿɲ˭ġĿˣλү׼Ϲ룡
ⷢҲãû¶¶ҲգεķƢԤıģٳˣҶٷͷټٵǵ㲻
ƽ̶ȵͱӣЩˬüͷһ壬̾ϢˣҲǴӸλǰҳһ̵ֱ֮
֮
Ҷٷץ׼һ˲Ĳץס˾Ͳ֣ȼͣŴֱӷйͷһʦ
߾ħˣˣƢҲ÷
׻˵úãƭ˵ģǻԻϷٲΰĶ
ҶٷƵֱֱǰ߾ħ𣬡ҪΪ˾Ͷ㣡Ʋˣ
ȻƢҲȫǲԵġ
һ˵߾ħģ˵ȻǸħޣƽﾭģеȤģÿ˶ԼͷҪô͹òУȫԼһ˾Ͷֵģ
úĻ˵һ䣬Ǹߴʤ
յħȻûλ棬˼ձ鶼ԼҪæ£˰һȵʮǶߣһϹ֡
Ҷٷ֮ɴ·ҲΪħ̫ħ̫࡭
ȻûܳɣǾ͸ɴħ㲨
̶֪ôֻ࣬Ǳһ֪ߵغŵˣæǰץסһֱֽ߬һסҶٷ˱£ħǸ
ѣȶˣһʶĺ£ֻҪ𣬾ͻᾡģϢŭ
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ʱ̶ΪߣδɳףԶ߾ħĶ֡
Ҷٷģ뵽еľ飬߾ħҪ̶µģǰν֣Ҳ̶汻ŰżǵĶ־
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һڲŷӦ˴̫ϡһ۾ǴֿɼؼҮʲôǺ̫۾ѩȻô͵ѵ˵ħʵĲˡ
ԭġֲô󵨡߾ħһһ˫аʮ΢΢Ҷٷ϶µشͷƵôŶ㲻ⱻˡǾƾ㣬ʲô±࿴Уǡ֪һɣǡ
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ħĿҲգȥͷĺ䣬ʲôҵߣ
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͸ȼ϶ҶٷƼ̶ɱڣתߣһգ۾ûӰˡ
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Ҷٷ类һӶůĴϣһ㶣ˣҲ̫̼˰һûʱ򡭡
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ٿǲ֮ϣѼȡּŹǡһ
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úó԰ԣܳ԰
ôһ߳һ߻Сȵģôĵ
˵õĲʳ˼̻ѳء
ò˵ѩͷƣҶٷԼе˶̫һԴ⣬һһƯͨˣְЦһ˫鶯Ƥ˵˵ǿɰࡣ
Ҷٷ̾˿ҺԼûж̫뷨õĳˣôһҪ졣
ǱѩЦˣĨĨ˹Ҷٷһ۵װ磬߾ħҲϥ֧˴ߣҶٷ縩ȥһӰѹ˹Ҷٷ档
㡢ǡ
һ˵
ѩȫ˺üʮӣľ޴󣬶Ҷٷ߷ȥĺͷĶ䡢ԼΪЯЧʮָȤʮ˳㻹ĽһģΪαѰӴҲȤ
߾ħȫӰ֣һݵѩоߣԼǴӶһŲ֪ʲôҩ裬ҶٷǿȥţعЩľҺ
Ҳˣٺû𣬽ԹԵġ
ǰҶٷп˵߾ħܶ࣬һȤͶ浽ʧȥȤſϷŹڶ໨ģЯֶҩ
ҶٷдˣԼιľԲѰĴɶҩºקס߾ħ𣬡㲻Ҫ̫ղ㵽׸ҳʲô
߾ħĺ䣬Թڵҩ
Ҷٷ磺


18 ˵ûҩ
ҶٷٴλʱԼѩϣ߾ħȽʵ壬صڴϡ
ûüôһգԼͳơģҶٷ;е䡣
̧ͷȥǴűˣһ󺮷ӿڣҲϵĺ
ƴȫҲֻ۵ľţʱصڵϣصľмʼٸվſڣһۣһ˲Ѹ˪
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˳Ϊɾʶ˽
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Թڵҩ
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ɾɢŴ̹ǺҶٷԼǰȥɾƿʱܵǹɺ⡣
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ǵɾΪԼӦħ֣Ȥ̶ȾͲһˡ
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߾ħ𲻿ò˷ӦֱӻһŻȻʧʱɾµƬƬ˪
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ްɾ̧֣סԼѿߣҲס˲϶еʵݣħδ˵ұ
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ţҶٷҲ׷ſѿˣԹվ󣬡лɾȣ»òԣһʱ嶯ˡɾҪҪһʶӡǣʱɾ¹֮µĵչ
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תͷѩѩҲĺ㣬λӸ磬ʲôԻ
Ҳ֪Ҷٷҡҡͷѩǰָһת˶ʶӡǣԺϵ£
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Ҷٷ磺


19 ˵
Ҷٷ绹ҪͷƵʶӡǣһǮַɾϢ
Ҫзãûҵɾʵݣֶֻδʵ
Ҷٷ뿪ַʱ˵Լƽɽסڼ޺õĽȻ罣޵רҵҲպã滹һѺۣŲ̫ȵ
һ·Ϸƽ˾뿪ַʱʱûٿɾħӰ֮ǰ뿪ǡʱãҶٷţ;˸·ȥ
ƽɽϾͿеһطҵģ˵Ϊɽڼֱֱµͱ֮ϣǰƽʱڸͷɽ֮УѰԵ
е˵ڻû˷֣ҲҪȵʱżȻҵڡ
ԣõƲˣᱻֲ˵Ǹӯĺõط
ϵҵƶҶٷ˽ȥЩɲײɽϣָȼһ𣬽ڵյһ
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ֲ⣬гë沿١ȵȲͬ岿λֲǴġ
էһʲôǸѰʱżСƣúܡ
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ǵһòǲܿʩԼҪµгȻҲá
ʱ̶ԼĪѾ¹˰ɡ
뵽ˣҶٷͺȻյһǧﴫ
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ҶٷЦЦһ߸Լ˸ӣһڸ߿ó鷭ɾϢ
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20 ˵
֪ҶٷĴĳڤڤעɺϣ̶ЩǱȽë׵֣ûҲûëٵࡣ
и⬣ſ̶ϡ
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š̶ɿһֱץ֣ڼģ뿪ɣֻ׶ӵȥһֱڣȻ»ҡ
ŶáҶٷγԼ彣߶̶ֱסˡ
Ľû޺ã̫ȫͬ˰ɡ
ҶٷоˣԼ޵ģ֮ǰ˺ܶζͦȵİ
̶һָᵯĽѷ촦ֻˡһԭֻһϸ緢˿ķ϶˲䱻ѿ˼Ȼδϣȴҡҡ׹
Ǹ̶ûϵһָͷôæһǸ⣬ҶӣҲٻ彣ģֻǡ
Ҷٷޱ飬սʣаɣȳĽ
ջ֮ǰɵ۰ɣǹģ
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˵ģҪ޲ãԼ彣ѺҶٷһ
֮ˣԼϰߵñһǻ˻Ǳ˶ȥ˶ܡҪЮˡ
̶ЦãһΪ


21 ˵Ҫͬס
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ȵ̶ĽŲȥԼĪһʱҶٷ绺˫ۡ
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һȵ³ٰ֮˵ۣôҼ̶ԼһģʵԼȴǸλƤһԵõ
ۣҪǴˣ̶в಻˵Լٱϵһ١ǸҲûҲû죬˼ҵĶ˵ùӵĲ~
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̶һæ֣һ߽󣬲ɫЩӡ
˵ʲôþôζЩ
ûѾͺá
ٴ̽һָָ⣬ҶٷĶġ


22 ˵кþ
һ£ҶٷѸȵ˯֮УһƬƽ
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ЧЩˣ̶֪ģҲֻܶʱľżʧȥҺ˼
߾ħʲôˣһĵˣȤľЩηΨǴӡΨΨŵŵߣ˿ȤҲޡ
һˣµġߡôȲؽԷùƶɱ˸Ȥľżأ
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ϸ۲Ļβë΢΢ըЩһȦ
̶ڶصʱҶٷո֮ǰһƣһɨգҲӯ
Ϊ˯̫̫ҶٷֱӴ˯ߵ״̬ĵѣԺǷöĹ̶û۾һһƬԲؿ̶
̶һ㶣Ҷˡˣ
ҶٷŵһϤѡʲô
ľƣ뼸ģȻ˵ʲôһЩ԰ߵҩҹܱЩֵûϢΪл͸Ҫ£Ҷٷ͵ش˹ѸٵشԼǬ﷭һ̺̺ãֲ֪ͳ۵׼̶¾Ʋˡ
гԵģɡƤݡףҶٷȫطһȦӣ˵¹Ǿ񶼰һʣ¼ʮˣⶼܱҵ
̶һ٣ָֻܿȻѰӻðˣҲΪҲˣֻʣʮʮƽջܶţû뵽Ԥ˸Щ
ǰ⿴Ļ϶ΪǸû˵ĿճˣƽʱȻȫʺʺţʺЩȻĲһ˵ҲéޡҶٷҲûгԶʳ˼鲻߶߶˵һѣڰֻͳԼġáӾȸơ
ȻȻ˸źļƣָҹүɫ̶ЦЦƺ
ƽԼľƣ֪Ӱ˷Щʲôζܳ壬ȵﵹǲֻ˲Ÿоһů⡣
ҶٷسһڣźȻһ˲
ףղǲ˵©ˣ¹ǰջֻ˼ʮûϿȥôʲôģǴ鿴Ϣ
װȼڣӾƱԵγһ͵̶Էɫ糣ûз׵˼ŷ
ôˣ˵Եġ
㰡
¶ǣһҲͬ˯˵ļëҲյ˰ߣ˶ȫ⣬Щ󣬻ЩʳǸΪ꣬һֻֻĶòֻ¶Դǰצųԡ
ǳĺèΪѵسءϾһݶַ¹ǣûʳһ˵ˡ
Ҷٷգգۣǲô
ܺȡ̶ԶֻƷ˼ھƣΪǳģ˾ƻ£Ҫɿڡ
Ҷٷѿڶһ£ƺ󾢶е󰡡
ô˵̶ɫѯţºͶһգգҶٷϣǾУҶӾͱˡ
ǿɲУҾܺãǧǧҶٷ粻䣬һ±˶־һڣ뵱ҲСĽİ׾Ƶɰˮʵʱǿǡ
̶סЦ⣬ǡʲô
ûʲô˵Ҷٷס죬˵еͺ࣬ҡҡͷͷԶôԼƱĺʷ˵ߣСҡ
̶¾Ʊ̧סԼƵֻ֣΢Ҷӣˡ


23 ˵ƺ
ñ
ֱʱҶٷĵһ뷨ܱۿˣΪԼǱʲô֮Ķסˡ
ڿ塢Ҳ׹̶֮ǰҶٷѾΪʶؾס˳ֵĶգۼ䣬ͱ̶⡢ʵססˡ
üЩѿڱԹҪܡַʱôҲûƾʲôڲͻ
̶ȴܶ𣬴жȥ˾ƿ̫ˡ
ţղǾ䡮ñԼȻ˵ˣ
Ϊ֤仰αҶٷ̧֣ͷԼֱաϸ¶ȣţе̰
̶žƿֺȻһЩˤڵϣһɫ͵ҲҶӲӦⷲľƣ֮ǰַľƻûѡ
ƺе
ҶٷԽĿѣЩͷˣɴ໻˸Щƣǲڰǰһ첲ҳԵģ˹ˡ
ǷˣǱ̶ֿʼϴεӿ˿αۼҶӣ˵֮ˣϴˡĳЩͻܵӰ죬Ҳǿֵܳĸ֮һ
棿Ǿ߾ħ𺦵ÿ˭ιҩҶٷ粻˼˵ӵ˿ûجӰ쵽飬ƵЦһ£Ҿ˵ôֻ͸ˣû׼֪Чңߡ
̶Ȼ߾ħ֪
ٺ٣ʮ֮һҵȻ֪Ҷٷɪǣ֪ʮҶ֪~ӡ
ȡ
ԺҲʮģʱɱʧ
Ҷٷƺģ̶ЦãֻøЩˮԼһ˺ȾƣҲˡ
Ļʮߣǵ츳ˣǧϰܡ
Ҷٷ粻ΪȻһ˵㲻ôô߾ħ𣿱Ȼеߣʵúܡ
ˣҲô߼
ʱ򣬵Ǻʺ׻
̶ˮƺˣŻתƻ⣬ҶӣǷ񲢲¹ǣ
˭ֹط
ԱһȺûдڸеëˣͬܵͷǣֹطˣ
Ҷٷ˸ã˵ȻҲҪҾΪѸһ˿
һΪҶΪɾı꣬ſϴӦġ̶ۿƣ۵׵ȥʲôô
۸㰡~
Ҷٷ͵ͷ𽥷ֱҺ岻ζˣһԾȥ̶ġ
ȻͱѸٶض㿪ˣ㿪ˣһֻץסҶٷӵֻǳûպõĹԣͽҶٷʧƽ⣬Щſڰϡ
ôС㻹ء
治֪ں˵Щʲô̶̾һͷѾƶˣƱӵ˽ȥδٷſ˵ŲϲҲǿŶѣȴҲ¹ǵﻹʣסһҶӣȻҪķǵˣҲСĲҷֲǡ
ҺС˰Ҷٷ죬ų˳֣Ǳ߬ţ鲻ÿطˣ¹ǵôЦҹסЦͺˡ
̶һ£֪﷢ˣ
֪Ҷٷżһ£ҡͷϣǱ̶ԺŬ䣬ôͨôôܷǸҩġ
Ҷ
á
̶ԽսάץѵƣһָҶٷģҶӣлˣʶЩңȥɲС
ǰʱûֵּӿ̶ֳԽԽľ㻹ʲôĶ
ûа
Ҷٷκ˵󣬡˸ġ
̶ŵ׷ʣʲôǵҩô
ٺ١ɵЦһ֪뵽ʲô˶䣬ߺ˵ˡ
̶׷ʣҶٷѾ˯ȥϵȶȴû͡
ʶ̫ƽٿҲЩٸУȴûʳǱιʲôֵĶ߾ħĹƶӦױŶԣΪ֮ǰѾֹ֦ѹƹˣ÷Ӧô
˵ʲôĶˣûǵ
˼ţ̶ƹҶٷ˯ȥӷûüŸʵλϢҶٷȴȻۡ
еǸ˯Ǿģɣﲻ̫һ
񡭡е㲻ƽʱҶٷ硣
Ҷӣղ̫˯ȥˣڻ𣿡


24 ˵Ҫ
ҶٷܿһЩ仯
һЩԶ׼֪Ǻǻĸı䣬ǴΧʼЩ費ɢĺһǹɢȥ
ȻǺ䣬𽥱СʧԴƵģƤġ
ǰҶٷȥһֵЧ̶һμӡ
Ҷӣ
̶ٴŻһȻҶٷûлӦûпһۣأվȥ
ǸģЩ֣˯Ժεˣƫƫжǳ磬û˯ʱġ
⣬ҶٷȻγԼ彣滹һ޲ȴûȫѺֳֳֽۣʣȻôڿ͵һӡ
һǽ׶ѣ
ʾôرҶٷЩӵĿԼеĶϽƺۣ
˵ɡ
ɴļƣ̶ҪĶһ١
Ҳǰԭ޷ʹõĽҡҡ׹Ѻۣ벻ʲô
ɵͬʱѺۼˣҶٷͲ̫ˣȻ۶
Ҷٷ磬̶ټĽȫǰ˹ȥǵҪȥʲô
ȡǡ
أҶٷ߶һʮɣǰС
̶֪ҪʲôĻ£Ҳϡ
¹ǣҹȴȻӭһĻ𵴣ӳǵƺƵطɢȥ¹ǵÿһ顣
һȴʮ㣬ǡشﵽ¹ǵÿһ䣬һִ
Ҫҩģ⴦ȵȵã
̶վҶٷ࣬ȻҲ·𡭡ײ˽۵Ľ
ҶӣǺ⡭
ҶٷȻûظ֮󣬾ǿ߸ڰա
Ϊ㹻ˣǿԲյģֻ֮¸˷ҲһЩʺϳ;·
ʱֻȫǵĴСţѼ졭ȫͬʱ궯һĳȿֺĿ񱼺ͻҡ
ΨһĹͬ㣬ȫųķܵģеֲ̫巽ģ͵ҴܣȻŴ󲿶Ҳȥ
̶߸߿һУֻľ·ǵĶﶼħƵģһҩжߡ
ҶٷҲţȴƽҲܵȻֱҵԼҵĶ
඼ֻеʱȴһɵ⡣
ǸΨһزµϺɸݣȲ±ֲ̤ԼˣŻææͼЩĶ
һ̣Ҷٷ׼ȷ䵽ǰһȥ䶨
ǻǰɡ
ǲϺһ֣ϣ˵ʲôĶ֣ô۸ʵũ񣿣
ˣӡҶٷת̶һ֣˵ʱ΢΢һгģ͸Ľٴ뿪
ֻʣ̶ϺʱϺмܲסֳܿһͷҰףȴֻʮ꣬߶µعϴ
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¹Ⱥӵֵضһһ۾졢˻򺿿ţΪԼƭ˵ʱҶٷ缰ʱϵ
ǬóһƿҩˮȾƿԴһЩ߸߾𣬡ҪĶ
ڶ˻𺿽У˲ٽ໰ߴߴҶٷǡ׼ˣ֮ࡣ
һ̣ҩƿ򿪣ҶٷЩĸߴֽҩˮΣһһ£ֱÿһֻԵһΣҩƿҲڵˡ
ҹ¹ӭ˶һ֮ҹ
¹ȻһƬ·ûסǣѾûЩ֡ҵĶǡ̶͵͵ڵǼֻһû뿪ΪԾɱռ޷ȥ
Ҷٷһк󣬶Իص˳ЪŵĵݣȻݣ·ղԼĲʲôͻȻץס¹֮׵Ĵ£ֳŴһֻҰá
̶ѾסֻǾԭ͵廨ǾҲҪĶ࣬Ҫ⣬Һ̶ͻ
ҶӣҸҪȥ㡣̶ŵһĲأæǰȥɫЩ԰ףĹˣ㡭
˵꣬ҶٷĬ̧֣ס̶ੲݵ죬õģǲ֪ʱǱȣȹϿһ֡
̶ͻȻľٶŪһ㶣ֹס˻ͷҶٷҲ΢΢һЦ۽ǻžƺ΢Ⱦϵı졣
𶯡ҶٷԸһ䣬ֳԼ죬һСơϸһһߴţڲϣСһһŷģһдٷ֡
Ǹ׵ĻУ˻ΪԼŮЯԱƽ
Ҷٷժޱȵӣ̶֣֣صؽƷģǣƺ£սиʲô
ҶٷһУ˿˺ܶ࣬ҡ
̶Щ޴룬߬ŸƣͼҶٷ绰ֻ˵һֹ֣˺Ȼ˹һ΢ŲľӾôװԼط·û˹ͷ
ҶҶӡ
̶æסҪɤۣһƬʱ˰ķеû˷Ӧ
һϸ˫۽գź˯㡣


25 ˵
龪һ, ֻǲ֪ǾŻǾϲ, ̶֪Լŵó˺, æҡҡͷ, ˦ȥ, ҶӵӷһϢ
ҶٷΪĹ, ̶Щ, ϢһҹŻָ
ڶ죬Ҷٷ˸Ѿָ֮ǰǺͷģ, ۷һֻ廨ĻʱȻסˣﶼãȻɫ,
Ķģ
̶һҹû˯, һֱڴϢ, ɿһɫ΢̽, ĻǾ, ҶӲǵˣ
ҼǵʲôҶٷԽãȻ, Ʒˣ
̶ֻý½͸, ӺȻ쳣, ۶˽, ٵһ¹ǵ, Ψû˼˵Ƶ¡
ңҶٷŴ, Ŭ룬ȻɫԽԽףһҾȻ
̶ΣҸ˵ҲʱӦʱҡ
ԣҴûεϰߡҶٷ͵һǽǵⲽһ뵽Լôʱʧȥʶʶô£һ¡
ôѵᵽǰжˡ
ˣԼôܻ
᲻߾ħ𣿡̶Ҳ˼ԭ򣬼Ҷٷ类ŵòᣬɫգۼͳŵǰ壬ҶӣħڵʱҲΪƶΥԼԸ¡
Ҷٷ罹ǵĽŲ͵˿
̫ˣȻ߾ħͨƶԼֻû뵽߾ħûڸҲһ㡣
̶ƺǱҶٷ绹н߬ȭͷδİϣأһڷľƱ뱻ԭһġ
Ҷٷ缰ʱסԼûûϢرϵɱŵú;ƱһģûиղŵĽǾˣοӣ߾ħôڸҲֲ˵ѽӦҲֻϷŪǣû̫Ķ⡣侲侲ϸΪΣ룬Ӧھʱ
˵ʲô̶Ҳע⵽ԼӦЩŬŻˣɫԿƲסذţЩµģʲôô
Ҷٷһ£ķӦóԼ彣γһȻѾ׶ϳ룬ҡҡͷ˼૳ģ־¡
ͨͨһѶϽǰҶٷţеˣҲպžͺá̶СһָͷøˣҶٷҲû㻻ӵ
ϾֻôһѺýǮǮȴֵĽȴѰ
̶һʱеţҶٷ緢ֽ׶ˣԼֿϵģ鲻ãֱ߳ʲôӦ
ҶٷȴֻһգգضŽѴţǵŭЦ˳
˿ٵЦЩȻķɸУһ˲ӡ̶ɵ뵽ռǸƺħаҶٷ磬뵽Ǿ䡮˵ɡԼһֺԥһ
ɴ䣬ң
Ҷٷ৵һ½ϽջУЦδɢ׶ѵһ̣ðĸܾȻǿϧˣǣظɳ졣
ˣսս޲Сʹáţ·ŵĲ彣ʲôԼصĴұ֪ʲôʱҷɿˣΣաҰνϢʱҲˤˡÿ춼Ҫ¼޲һ
۵úܣȴʶƭԼϧȫȫ׵ףֻΪ±߶»Щ˵ĺŲ϶ѽֻʱ̫ãϰߣȻԼĳԡ
ҲˣԼӭϳķԸУǸɶµ
ٴοڣ֮ǰĸܺħƿڣ߾ħ׿һйǡšη֮ģ׷ſԼ
ʵǰħĻһ¡
ʵԭǣԼˬ֮⣬Ҫκȥɡ
Ǻǡ
ӣ߾ħԼµ򵥡Ȼ֪ͻȻôһֱһϣԼʲô£ܹ鲻ǳ⡣
Ͼħ˵ƶ֣֮ȤȤָ֮ҪһЩ
˵ģԭ
Ҷٷţ˵ΪԼԲ˵أϾȥԡľżһǡġȻ󿴵ͻȻԷȤпͷ
ҵʲô
ô˵ģ̶Ǿ仰ζһЩĿ⸴ӵҶٷϣŻͻȻЩ£
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ԭǻʱջ׽Ǿ춼ڵ࣬ںˣԼһʱ䡣
һ찡ǿ·޴ܶû£
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̶иϸһû㣬ҹ֮󣬴ӱ߾ħӰ쿪ʼһЩı仯
Ҷٷ磺
ǣϵЩʧˡ̶Щ֪źã϶ʱҳμҶӵģ
Ҷٷ۽͵һһĴȣ˻棿
̶ͷϲЩ⣬㲻ϲô
ȻҲǰͦϲġҶٷ;ӲĿڣŤͷڸԵȥץƺȣŷֵڵϵľƺѾˡ
ƺ󣬾˵û̶ûи
ʱҶٷ˸ʣ̶һ²⡣
ˡϲ·Ǳˡϲϲһ£Ϊȡñʲôˣݼڣһˡ
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ǸҶزˣһϲ
̶ƶţţ־бƲѣֻʲôתע򷢴ʱ䡣ȻʻǾ£ɾͺãǱܵģɴͽڳȥˣ˵ЩȥĶǣôڻô
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ʮǱĬ֪˼ϰߣȻԼڹȥǸɡҶٷ硯ģһ쿪ܰѵ
ҪҶ⣬ʦ⣬ȥҪЩԼ˲ڣ飬ЩǣӦڡÿնңǣ
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Ϊ̫̫ԥûߵ̶ǰ棬ͷˣôסˣҪȥô
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һҹȥʮϰֻʬ弸Сɽ£Ϊʱ仹̣ӳֵԵʣЩʬ忴ȥûκθƤëŹ˳
ÿһֻһֻʬе룬Ҳڷ˯߰㡣
ɽµôҲ뵽Ǿͬʱȥˡ
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̶һֻʴ󹫼ʬԱ߶£ƴս̽д
ɱҶٷ˵վһȺʬ䣬ҪĶҲףΪʲôǷѡȥΪ˱Ҷҳ𣿡
Ц˵̫䣬˶ûЦֻ廨ͲȥëտĻǵǼ˼£ԼĪЦ
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ҶٷȻתͷһ˫ǻǣʲô˼
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̶ʲôҩ
Ҷٷ磺ˮ
оˮȴֻɽ۵һζҩôͨΪĹȼָʿҲҪ׵ʿɵͻơˮ֣Чһһˮһǵ衣
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ҩǴַ͵ģ˵ӱҪٵʧƷߵġЩҩĳɷΪӽЧȴ˵Ͼû˻Ըա
¹ǵ֮ԺȻеĿǣеʵԸƣеĳ˱ı£ǱģΪȫЩʵҩ
̶̾˿˵ԼۣԭΪԼϵЩʧܣõġ
ֲߴܻ򡣱ϾǸʺõķ˳ˣûлΪţҲܲסҩЧ亦οЩƽﱻŵĶ
˶ΪǿҩţҲһ㹻аܹ֮һģǧ޲Ϣãã˺ĴѲ鵽ģֱǧٱ
˵̶ٴοǱװư͵Ļǣ˶жϳ޾ڳڣȴôҲҲΪǱԼаȴˣΪĵ΢ʵСҲܺز¹ǲ֣ΪͲҪϢѾˡ
ЩһʼµľľˮȻڣѪѶƫƫǳԵʧܵĵҩû˿¥һøǡ
˵Ѿȥ£ǵӦ״̬ٳľˮҲ޷ܶȥʼˣҲΨһġ
ҶٷĽͣĵǣ㱻ԼȻҲӦ˿ϴͻԭµࡣ
ֻǻһЩϸڣҪȻԼˣ¹ǰջ˵ͨԺ֪ܵģȫﶼЩҩġ
едװף
ǻǾðˣԸ߼¹ǰնۼҩû˵һҩãרιο
һÿǣ˵ùԲݾͳԲݣĥջԲ͡ǿ壬֣δˡóʸߣһֻֻ¸ûûˣҩޣȫң~
Ȼ¹һ˻ǾĹЩʵҩӭĽͲǵôˡ
ЩݣȷǿǵؿǣÿԣǿҲǿˣޱȣٵҲˡһúʣ¹ǵİվûǸ᳢һڡ
ԴǵЩҩ¹Ǿûйһ찲ӡ
ǣǿʼԼũּۻۣҪóԺúȺסôҪȨѼȨţȨȨҪҪɡ
ǿ壿ǵҵ໥ܿͶ⣬һֻ־ܾһˣ˭ǡ
ʺã¹ǰնԼ֮ǵȲֻһˣ˵ñ˻ǵʺò¹ǰղ֪¹סˣ򾶼Ҫˡ
Щﲻٸ׸ˣӾͿʼ𷴿ȴΪҩʵģˣȴ̫á
𽥵أͷһ¹ȥĵҩЧʼˣҲʼصԭĳɵͨģ¹ǰջûüˣͷµج֮ЩԵҩˡ
ûԣʿʼǵҲǵңˬĸоҹĳ֣һʱԹǡ
ټǾʱȻǺɱЩȴӵϣһڻǾǰҩ
һΣΣΣǾϵҩҲˡ¹ǵԽԽ١
ʵҩöֻԿǣȴǵ£˼ʧףϲŭ޳һµ̹¹ǱɻưܣǶ㣬Ѭ죬ûû˸ջʳϹǾͶţû˽棬Ǿ͵ùҹˣȥĽҰҰʳ
ҲͻԭڽЩɽҰ֡
Ҷٷ̾һЩʬ嶼͵ˣȴԶ˵Ӱһȳһյؽкʲô˹
¹ʣµЩеļ³֪˵ķԣ
Ȼ˰죬Ҷٷ絹ˣǲԼʬ˼
ôʬ壬Ļ
ȻƼǼ¶ϲָж飬ӵһקֻ̫ļʬ壬ؼȥ
Ҷٷ̶һ£ŷӦЩѾûԹˡ
ȻЩԭΪ˳ű¹ǵŵġ
Щ˶ˣҶٷٴοڣԭΪľˮǾͻῪǻۣαԼԸ㣬Ȼ뿪¹ǣһɽˮȻʱˣҲɸʲôʲôʱǾͲ¹ǣôʹ࣬¹ǵҲʹࡣ
̶ļοЩһʼǵëҲ붼״صԼԭסȥˣ¹Ǹֻʣһֻ̰ԵСè˽űߣ۰Ͱ͵Щ
ҸղˡҶٷ翴ǵʬ˵ò׿ǻۣȴԼݣҪԵģͬǿԵľ֣ꡢǡ֮Ķᱻ˼ɻ䣬ɹݣץҲų⣬ȴһ
ֻкɻƴɣûŹ˭ҵļѼţɱġ
ΪԼɣܱرԭݣǿǣֻ˾ͳ⡣ҪΪѼţҲǴδ˭ɹ
ͻȻΪõķҲǼżҩһ־硣
Ҳͨһ㣬һ˿ǿ漣޷˵ãϣǲŻͻȻδĳһɵӱ˳⣬˶ϣøɾÿЩ
Ҷٷ粻˵ȥת̶߰ɡȥַ
ʱĬõĻǾٴοڣǼǲǾãЩ׵˵Ǵδǡһֱɵɵֻ֪ԺҲӦҸЩ
Ӧ̶һơ
ѳʣעڰգ̶վ棬ҶٷҲվú󣬳ַȥ
Ǿһӵ档
˰Σһֻü۵СèŻ˳ʼ˳˶ûӦʱ򣬲֪ôſ˽֮ϣ˳ŽŲԼԲ壬ſ̶󱳡
СèһŤͷҶٷĿԡ
Ҷٷ磺ûлˡ
̶Ҳ͵ɡļһСè̲סץ֮ǰһְֻԼˣѾ뿪¹ôԶˣҪž͸ŰɡӦһȥݼҵġ
Ҷٷ磺Ӳᱻ赱ʳ𣿡
ûǴĻ̶ĸĸӦǲɿڵģԭϲСߺӥ
⻰̶ı΢һ˲ǡ
ܳԵ𣿡
Сè˵ĶԻֱŴסˡ
̶εתͷҶٷ磬Ҷӣͱˡ
ҶٷգѾ۸СһĹк
ַҶٷȴõϢ˵ɾˣʱܼԼֻǾ¾ͺãҪκα꽱ͣʱҪ
ꣿھˡɾҪ߾ħ飬Ҹæ
С˵˻ҲȥػˣҶٷ̶ˡ
ҶӣΪβֱɾΪȡýҩ
ΪҪľͲǽҩ
⻰Ȼֱ˵ҶٷЦЦڳɫҪļƣ۵ü߾ħ𣬷ʣü۹˵úܣҺиԣǿȻ;úܣú̸һ
̶üͷҶӣЦЦ
ðɣȻ㲻ҿҾ󡣡Ҷٷһ;ˡ
̶׷˵ЩģҶٷͷҲش˸кֲ˾䣬ʹ˱
ַиӭ̨Ҳи̨λӭ̨ҪһЩǸͣõĴͷλַĴβһȥǡҶٷ絽˵طʱ޷һĴ뿪º
Ϊ˷ֹɾϰԼæҶٷ绹˸׼ַͷѩȥһǧﴫæ߾ħٴȥַ͵һʱ֪ͨԼ˵ѩϰæԼһлһֻҪǮ򵽵ģһϡ
пͷдлʺףһǧﴫһŰ
ѩֱӻһ䣺Ҫ
Ҷٷ磺
ô£Щ˶ô£ǧﴫҪ˵;ͣһ仰ʹˣ̶ǻΪ߲ҲͰˣѩôҲ
ʲô
ֱ˵±״ѩͷӣֻһ䣺֮㻹ַ鷳¾ͶˣʱȻ֪
뿪ºҶٷȰʾĿĵضΪ˾ºһ㡣
˵ģһһħ޵أħ޲Ը˷ԼʵԹʱ˴ؿѨԼʬ彣ְ취Ǹ˼·ѽĽ硣
ʱţһЧѾ࣬Ȼֲ㣬ڲúһҲѵСⴳ룬ȻõвŵıǱֻʺħޣ㱻СȥǮҲ˶ǰһħʧհࡣ
һħùģҲħ޶ȥıʺҶٷá
ҲˣᵽѲڽϣҶٷҲ뵽ȡߡ
ҵطҶٷһʱ䣬󣬴ԹΣաвͻ˵ĹؿȵۣۿǸԱԭòʬԼʬԱ߲ŵıʱѾ֮
ȥħǸòϺõŮˣһС󷨱ԼʬԱߵʯͷϿһѻ
ǲʯͷģԱдţ˭ܰγ˭ģβ͸ҿͷ·㡣
һѲʯԱߣдţ޿ֽ㡣
ؼҲһߣдţȥҲô˧ǻġ
Լ˱ӣһʬ尡Ǳӣͷ֣ԱһʯͷҲд֣˾Ͱæһлл
󡭡и飬ʲô˹ˣҲˣҲˣټҵعѣ밮ҵԶһǻըë۰ɽ淳泶֮ġǳĴѷϻ
Ҷٷ翴ſţͺλħޣţԼҪˣҲôͺˣ̫ɰҲ
ƻԼĻǲġҲøҲͦõģҲֻˣ޵ʱЦ
ߵԱǲŽʯͷߣһŲʯͷϣ˫սȫһΡ
ȻͨһĽųˤ˵ϡ
ԵĹΪԵ֮˲ܰγģ϶öʵѰγأôԼˤˣȻôɣôðΣ
һʴûдľϸڣ
ҶٷվʯͷͷһЦһϸһ̽飬ŷֲ˻йħµһ
ʲô߲һЩִŲµġҪĶ
ħ޿ͦһ㣬һƲȻǿŰԼ˳ˤ
˸ϽϢɡ
ҶٷЦãվƨϵĻңɹ뿪ħ޵ĽʺʹãȴҲȫãҶٷ뿪ˡ
еľ飬ʱ䣬¹֮µ̶ӦѾٴһ⣬ҶٷţԼѾǵķͷˣ;ϢʱҲͶ˼֣·˵˵
˭֪ȥЩйԼĴԣȴԤԶ
ҶٷһЪŵĵطǸվڵĲݡ
ȲǴҪģİŸ²ҪģҶٷ֪УһɢϢľݵ㡣
˵ĴӦģ
˵˵¹ǵĻڱү׽
ʲôү˼˿ɲⱻү¹ǵ¶ǰˣ㻹Ϣأиµġ
˵Ϣòǹλ˵İɣҲ˵ˣ˵ǸСӣʲôţ֮ǰ;ľųһµģ˵λˣֻʱ䣬ͽǵа֮찡ȴﶼ㲻ǧа
ңҵʱþ¹ǣƼˣǴýһڵء޹ⰡŴŰ˾Ϳʼɽ٣žŰʮһ׽٣аϣﻹ죿ʵһ͸㶨ˣʣ춼ʬʬһɽôѹ˺üְղУ
ʬ˵ô棬ҪڳڻܻŻţƤ㴵ˣ
߰˵ÿģͷΪ࿴˼ۣûܼʱߵͱǴʱķûһ룡
ͺޣ
ҶٷѰ˼ţԼͽˣЩ˵ĴӦþͻһԼˣҲ֪᲻Ҳŵ˵̶ŵ˵˵Լ


26 ˵Ҫؼ
ҶٷϹ, ԼΪ¹˹, ͻȻɼޡȵҲҪ
ʱ, ͵Ǵò, Լȥ, ת, ԼСٵ;ͺá, ǸЭ˾¹ǵ˽¾Ȼ˰ܻʿ޺Ըʶ竣˭Ŀ֮ġ
Ųݸ, ĥĸȽϺʱҶٷ͵Ľ̸
˵ַ¶
ɶ, ַ¶¹ǵа𣿡
Ҷٷһ, ַѵԼö֣˴ԼƵˣڹã
Ͳ֪˰ɡԴյһȥ, ΪѹҶٷȴ, ˵¹¶, , Һַйء
˵
֪¹֮˰ɣ
ǵȻ, һǵһ˵, ǸĴ, ˵֮ǰ;ľųһնɱģ
, ;ľų, ¹ǸͷβһǰӾֵа
⡭¹ǵף˵׽ˣնɱˣӦɣҪôô֮ǰȥôɾ㲻أ
ٺ٣㲻Ǳ̫ظ̫ԽƻġСģ͵ȥƣһȥ͸㶨ˣ
Ա˰һڲˮе㲻̫ŵӣַֺʲôϵ
Ҿһ⣬֪һȥһλʲôݣʲôôһ֪ģҲȶԷش𣬽ž˵ǿַⰲŸԱߵһСޣǸ粻ֲܿСˣ˵Դ㡢֬һòΪǸȥаģ
ӴǵöÿţлûУô˵ַ͸˵ġһ·ź򣿡
ۡһҶٷЩĲˮǺƴȫû̫󶯾
͹ȺڵͰ
˻ϲǡǡ෴λò绨ǸӣӣϲеģַɾˣΪ˺˶ģзͷ˴ųȥ棬˳㣬š
ô˽ܵ¶Ķ֪ѽȻôѲַõĸģ
ǣ۽磬һҪõϢҿǼǡ·¹ǣƼģҪҶ㣬ǼᶨֻһˣҲҪɾ˻ȥ
Ĵˣ㾹ȻƼǻʲôҸʦųôһҲ۸£ַͷȣĸ
ꡯһ״ɵĲ豭ˡ
ҶٷߣΪ̽ϢټΪ˱Ⱪ¶һס䡢Ķңһסòĺɴڸúܡղñݻƣ˲űһ׷ױʾԱɶʱ˸ˣ˵úܡ
ҶٷĬĬժͷϵĶң¶ԼǸĻͼһĻס˵졣
ȻΧķǳԵԼǴСۡ
ţƣλɾˣԱ绪ӣòΣ
ȿȡǣʲôϧû۸ûۼŻȽϡҴݲˣ֮ǱۿλҲǳġ˼ҿɾˣƽֻȷ¶¾ܻӣһһ˳һСа趹ģ
Ҷٷ¿ӣޱȸӣĬĬװʲôû
Са趹ôˣһһռһֱûأҪǵʱҩӰ̫һҪƺأ
¼ˣٽƻʱ䣬ССĲݱӵǵ̸ۻҲԽԽԶ̸ִնع鵽˭棬ҲԽԽʵʣ˵Ĵԣ˵һȺû˵ǵı롣
ҶٷĸҲ˼ȥĽ˸ӺŵԼҪķ棬Ǻûӣø
ԭôְ취ԲߣǴַǽðɾħ𣬱ΪҪ԰ļƻҪϣҪٽȴû뵽ԼʲôҲû£ԼһĶⴧ⡣
˼Ը°ͣѰ˼ţѵԼ⸱ģһ·໵º¡ҪøҪ
ţõռСߺˣһСϡ峺׵İࡣ
û˶ҺͺɴӰ죬ҶٷʹسˣȻ౻Ĳ֪˶ٴˮͰˮ٣ռζһȥۣϸһЩĹͷҧ飬Ҫٱζͺˡ
¹죬ϺͣȥѾҶٷⲻһѮԵĵһٱ
ʼ¹ʵûԣǿôݵɱûθڣ񣬲ĸоռϷ硣
˵Ϊޣٹ£˵Դ󲿷˵һʳ˭Ҳִ֪ڿĽĶʶؿԼкôġ
ǰҶٷҲô̵ţÿÿصҶʱһٶٷű˴⣬ֱ׵Ϊõɲ׼⡣
˵˶ٱɵĲǺУԳġĻ˵˼ҲûôҶٷֻʱԼ
һжһˣҶٷ¶˾ҪɵħȻ࣬Ծͳԡ
˵ٽƥϼգڻصҶˡ
ûٶȥԽԽ׵ĴԣҶٷſӣѸֲʧŵؽֻռԵøɸɾͷ°ڻУСˣ´ݵĶҾȥˡ
ƥģʺϵ彣;׺ķѹȣƿزȣҶٷһηһΣ
ϵľ飬ٹ£ͻڼԼĶҶٷ絣һҶҼ
뷨Ҳдúˡ
ٷ簡ʥҲвͷˣҿȤҲڴˣҲûʲôͷͰ·ŷţҵǰɣʦкѧѧҶҼûĶԺ󰡣ȵˣңˣҪʧ
ȥʥʱ˵֮˽£Զ뷲ģȻҼ̳м֮λΪҪȥʥţһסʮꣿ
ô͵𣿵⻹ΪãɵҪǲܹܷ˵¶ȥΪʲôٸ͵ˣ
˹ٸܰҲ¡
㣿㻹ѧ̧ˣǲҴ򣡡
ǿǼζԻҶٷԺֳܸԼҵǲʱ׼һľ
еԼû׼ֵȷ츳ߣû֮ͽһչֳԼĲŻ£ȥɣҲǼİţʱԼ̳ҶңȻϲ⡢еҲûΥ˼
Լ
ҶٷЦһ£ĵοҪõʧˡ
˵⣬̳ҶңǾڽҶҵļҲˣøһݿɣԼĿɶ֮ˣ


27 ˵Ҫǻ
ǲƷܻɥأƽ޹˱˵ǲռ, Ķ, ͱԼӳȥ
ֻҪյܸı, Ѽ֮λøֵ, Ƕ˾޷ռҶҵıˡ
Ҫı, ⿿һƤ˵, ɾͲˡ
Ҷٷ, 룬ɴȰǰ£һ˵~
¥, ƵأѾˣΪɴҶҵĻǸֱӾͲסջ, Ҳ޵, ֱ˯һרɫ¥ͷ
ÿĴڣҶٷ綼صҶ, ʱҲǳֵʱ򣬳˴ҹʹһ, ϶Ἧ, , ҲһЩӦȤ
ȻƤ, ҲŻĸŮŮ, ԼˡϷ, 黭, Щ˼ҵĲ, ղɵȴ
ʮ꣬Ҷٷһ棬ǻֵèȸԼֻƼˣؼб¥֮ˣ㵱˺ӣƨɡ
һΣҶٷ翴ӡ̵Ļ䣬ȴҲδᡣ
Ҷٷڽ˸ССسɴ磬ûþͼδĻǵĳǿڡ
˵Υ游óʧʹҶҶǴ治Ǿ׵׵ôһذɡ
ΪסݣǺûжϳǳдҶҹӡһ·нûмŻؼңڳת˼Ȧҵһڱյת̡
ԭǸֻģǸδ㳤;ȥϿ˼ĵ̣Ϊ;ˮһսŽĵ̹˴ӡ
Ҷٷ߽һȦЦˡ
úʣ
İ£Ҷٷ綼ײβæµ֮УʱʱյӵġͷƵǧﴫյܲӦһ䶼ÿԵ֡
ӪֵֻӱҶٷǰ滹˸̨ӣҶơװޣӶһȺææͶӶ
ʱĵæҶٷ籾˵ҹΪƻңò
˵ʮ죬ʣƵգλӪֵġӭֻ̡ˡ
ʮ죬ӭ̵ֻϰΪ˴лٰһ黭ֻҪӮ̵ֻĵԱͻо޶͡
ʮ죬ԱҵĹȻɺڵ⣬ͶƱĸãȴ˵ԱҵĹӻģ̵ֻĵԱġ
ԱұʫĹˣһͿ֬Ĩۣȵ¥֮Ů
ʮ죬Ա裬ֻҳӣͷβ䳰ȷҪϰ嵽ĸ֪ߵغģ⣬ɤӣźá
ڶʮ죬ְֻ˸鷨̴ĸʿҶ̰棬͵͵μӱӮǮȥԺ֣ˡ
ڶʮһ죬ʿȥ֣ͺԱһͬôץסֻĻϰ塣
ڶʮ죬ַֻųʾ˵Ҫ塣
ŵģε̵ĵԱһĪ꣬һۣӣ죬һ۾ܿԳ
ǳеĽƹ֮ӣﱾʹ̣Ǯġڼ䶯ֶţΪδ˶֪Ķһǰƴϴȥ
һ¹ȥֻû׬Ǯһӳ
ԭһǽŭ˳ȨǮƵǣһķ׷ڰŻڶֻĶȫԻеŮŮ֣֮ÿһģ̵ֻϰʵĪ⣬Ӳˣ˵һЩɷ
Ϊʲôŭôֻ̻ܰȵ׬ǮӪҵ
ǵ˵̵ֻϰû¶棬ȴ˸·ݷϰˡ
һϰģǸ쳤£òü꣬һѳֱӴϷġʱиҹӿƯΪǱֻɻС֮࣬ҪϷﲻŭꡣ
Ǹҹ춼˵ͣ˵Ǳȵ뿪ǲźá
ڶϰģҲ꣬һ˲ţʲòӢԴһк˴һ£֪ǰһ˾ųֽ¹֮ޡ
ϰģǸмء͵͵ò꣬ҹֻϰ˴Ӹľ¥һӺþƺòˡݵĻ͸¶ˣȻСĵһַƣ
ַʲôǳɾ֮⡢ֻйµǼλ߲õĶ
ǵֻ֪ЩӭֻϰˣϰϵһĶͨ˲ǵģһָͷܴӮһȺ˵ġ
ʵֻҶٷԼһԼׯǵļݣֻǶ鿴Լҩ֮Ƶҩ
ׯˣҶٷ绹˳˵Լ߾ħǿι˶`ҩ£ԼʶϵҩЧһӵҲˣׯķͲ鿴£֪ЩҩЧȷܱӰ죬ҩǰȷ¹ֿܡ
ڶʵ̶ûȴΪ˰ݷãǡ·ǮͲûˣϾ¹ǵԼûʲôȫҶٷ磬ɾԼⱨֱӵֻ
ҶٷΪҪ壬̶ȴͷβֻδᣬǳϿҡΪЩҶٷĲôԵǸͼҶٷΪ¹Ƿί
Ҷٷûթһ̲
ģ͵͵ܳѩͷƣ˵ǳɾַ͵ģ˲Բȣ˳߾ħϢ˵Ѿ߾ħ𣬵ǵʱû㹻ǧﴫ
´ʲôʱȥַʵûУ
ѩʾѾҪˡ
˵档ء
ڶ£ҶٷĥѹҩЧȷڼʱԼòָԭ״ˣֻѹάֲ̫ʱ䡣֮࣬ʱֻϰݣʽػһҶҡ
ӭ̵ֵֻüΪҶٷ籾һֱ͵£û֪ϰԼܼҼԼͻȻҲǾ֣һ·Сܴȥͨˡ
ҶңҲǻеλĴˣֻҲ̫һλǿѧʡ׬Ǯǵ˵ģǿá
ԣãһܣܼ񵽸ֹȴֵǻ޽еıԺղأ֪Ժ͵ת֡
ͿһҡƷС
ҶٷʵҶ֮УһˣҶһ㣬ɴȥɣòҪɾͿȥַ˲ȥĵطޱˡ
صҶңʵҲֻҪҶٷûûֻڼң͸æȻԼӣʼʰ
Ҫĵһ£ǰԼǲֵǮҪĶߣֻ̣ԼʲôֶΣȫתߣñΪԼӻˣʵ浽֪ĵطŵԼá
ڶ£Ҫ׼ʱСġ͸¶ԼǸӭֻϰܣáֽױ𡯵ȼǷ꣡


28 ˵
¥, ЩġУ˽Ż˻ǼȫͷˡЩ㹻ȶεˡ
ûҶˣ᷿ҶٷȻɾ࣬ٻҳ, ʱ˴ɨӡҶٷЩĬĬ̾˿, ģĿûôϸ¡
ʰһ, ȻŲųȶ, ԼĪǸŬ߿Щ, ְǲԸ̫ʧ̬ĳӡҶٷ꣬ѽóˣδķ˽Ų, һ¾, ɴֱӲ³˭
һΣҶٷ, ̲סЦ˳
Ӧϳɵĵܵ, Ҷٸ, ҲҶҺĵһӡ
Ҷٷ翴ԼʰһĶ, ׼ʱڴϣȻ󽫱һƣЩȫڣתȥš
ٸܵܣô
ôô֪һˣ
кĻ˵һ룬ͼٸɫЩѰǱԼ˰ͷĵܼܵææͼţʾСһ㣬źɫŵſһȦȷûʲô˿ƵŹ˷ţš
Ҷٷһ㶣֪ٸôˣѲɻǴԼɣ
ꡭС㣬Ҷٸק󣬽ԶЩݣͷѾ֪Ϊμ˱ҶٷˣС÷·¸ǽж
ôˣ
ҶٸܰȫˣŷҶٷ翪ھһͺǣ
ôĻ㻹һؼңҪˣ
㵹˵˵Ҵʲôˣ
ҶٷϻЦ겻ԼܻܵôҲģ治֪˭ǵġ
䣬Ҷٷ꣬ҶٷС뿪˼ɽ֣ҶٷҲȥҶĳӣٸǺŵĴӡ
ֻòҶٷ翴ɾһ˫鶯ΪԵøСһЩһЩҶٸȴܳȣнǵģ
ڵܵǱԼ߰ͷ£ҶٷһֱֻÿؼңòҫԼˣȴܷҶٸҲˡ
ԸҶٷСͲ٣ǿ˳¶Ǵѵģϲ˵ҲܶԳ΢ʣֻĸԵǸǸڷĲ
ҶٸȴС͸ٷƨɺ棬߶߶·ڶһˤˣһ֣Ըϲչˣüͷ壬ҶҺеСˡ
Сһ𳤴˵ĸ׽ģ£޷͵˵Ҷٷٸ˵γ嶯ҲǱܵڽҪͷס
һĻ˲Ҷٷоص˴ǰصԼ£ѪͷСʱ
ٸżϻӣﷴЩů֪˵ﴳˣԺȴڳԾΪԼ⼸޷죬Ƕ̵ֻ֪ϰԼء
ǰ㻹˵Ϲٸ豻ⲻæ̬ð˵˻ѹʵ˵ٷ磬Ǽֻǲ㿪ģ
ҶٷգգۣٺһЦò㾹Ȼôʶ
ٸɫһ¾ͺˣʱһû˷֣һܰţʱ䳤ˣô죿
Ҷٷ綨ؿһʵٸܵܣҶҾͽˡ
ǵеݣǸ괩ȡԼԺͬʱҲƿҶҵԴæԼ飬ûжپӪҵٸܵΪ˱ӣҲȨ̫࣬ϼȻλˣȴǵڲ͡
ȻѾޣҲ˶ӣĹ£Լ帣ͱٸĻͶ뾫άҶҵת´һϵеķԸ
磬ǰνܵܡ
Ҷٸ⻰ϵѪɫȴ৵һˣȻվٷ磬⻰ʲô˼
ҶٷٸγĶԱȣ˵ƽ˵ڿűԤ֮еķչ£ܵܣʲôұͲʺһֱҶңҲ֪ġ
ٸĸʱ飬ٸͻĽģŵɫѪɫûˣͷһء
Ҳ˵ͷһء
ǡᵽҶٷҲʱڿҪǵļٸܵܵһ¶ֽڻŵ飬ʱһ棬֪Զˡ
ʱֵ϶ˮ˺ıԭӦܳͯҶٷܵ׷ܴţСĵı֮С
ǱȽСҶٷֻȥһ룬ͱԼķͺްסˣʱٸ˲ŵɫҰףֽŶʹ˻˼ңٸ軹á
뵽䣬Ҷٷı鲻Щ
ٸĺõܵܣУҲһֱ԰ռż֮λԼ缺
ɾΪٸʵڴ̫ˣĵܵܣԼӵˣҲøˣõܵܶðԼͷΡ
ҶٸٸܵܣʲôҶҵļ֮λѵҪ𣿡
Ҷٸɫ԰ţǷѾǰ㣬ҡҡͷٷ磬㵽˵ʲô
飬ûһһֱдȴͨᵽľ¼ƶ϶
磬ĵܵٸ裬еչֳ˾޴Ĳܣֻ޷ߵϵ£ҲܺõؾӪҶҵ⡣
ΪѴаæ𽥶ӲͷƤϵĲܣִһʼϤһУӦֵع
Ҷٷûֱӻشܵܵ⣬ǿʼԲļҳ˵˱ģеٸº͵Ĳˮ
ԴȥÿͱȥʥһֱûʲôڼﳣסżŻһΣʱ䶼ǿٸ裬㲻һһֱҶҽ̵ܽҶҵļҵξӪȥҶ
˵ЩҲһǸеƶϳġҸӦͿʼٸеĴСˣֻЩûаڵ
ҶٷһʼףȻѾôرĶ𽥽̸ٸ裬Ϊβɴֱٸ
׵ǣΪ֮λʱеٸûбֳ˿ȡʧź侲ףعϲԹԵݸԼ硣
ҶٸҡҡͷͷǰĲˮɫɲ̫ãȴЩٷ磬㲻ô˵ҶҵĳӣΣδλӶģӦġ
ûʲôӦģٸܵܣλƢ̫ºЩ
Ҷٷ˺ܾãжЩдϵĻ
ѰĲ㡢֮ͬԤһУʵʵ¼ʱд˵뷨
ȻˣҶٸؾͱ֪֮λǸģʽ̳м֮λ󣬸ֱ׵ٸףʵȨУ˷֡
ϣҶٷ뻹ҶҵļֻҶҲŲ᳹ʧȥɹ֮·Ѫ˼ҶٷҲ޷նϳԵ
ôı඼Ѱ˽ӴҲ޷Ѱ򵽵ġΪ޵Ҷٷ磬ȴõ
ûʲôӦһжʧİţǶԹǣ
Ҷٷ絹θںܺõӣһ߳ԼĸɹӣһߺȲ裬磬öԲһλֲңľöԲֲͲȵͽߣô͵ܵܡ


29 ˵ŭ
׵, ԼЩȥĶԹԹ, һֱҶǽɵĻ, ΪάֱϵĺͺѾûˡ
ȥʱҶٷԹʣ벻ͨҲٸܵûκδ, һΪ롢ĵܵһ, , һд̯ٸ˵
Ļûж͹һ̫ϲҳеΡ̫ԱҲϸްʾ·˵ĴھǶҵ˺
Ҷٷ粢ô룬ҲǲˡȥԸ˺κ, ȴ͸˵㣬Ҫ, Ҫɴ룬Ӧȥ
Ҷٸ𽥱޴˫ۣҪˡ
Ҷҵļ, ɲô޺
Ҷٷֺ˿ڲ裬ڵ, , ǻи, ȻǼٵġٸ裬֪ʲôǼʲô
𽥱࣬Ŵյķˣ˴
磬˵ˡ
ҶҵĶǼĶĶȻҲҶҡҶٷ²豭ûٸȰ裬ҲϡҶҵĶҲΪҶҵƹߣԣҲҪˡ
磬㵽ôˣǲ˭˵ʲôʲô£Ҷٸ豻ⷴŵòᣬǰҶٷ绹Ҷٷ磬˵ʣȴǸܳĸȥ̫Զˡ
һǷʲô£һʲôıһС
Ҷٷҡͷϣʲô¶ûУúܺãӭ̵ֻ£Ҳûס
ԵĻԼǵϰΣյʱء
𣿣ٸڶ̶һʱܵһһξţȵģ
ҶٷһƤ¶ϵضٸ裬Цһб£򣬿ҵȶϣĹȶϣ
ٸܵܣ֮λѵôȻҪͲҪװ˽ӣֲնµĺС˵꣬һ˦ӣվڳ̸ҪͿ͵ļƣذɣһҪ
ٸվǱ˳ȥҶٷΪ㷢ƢӣͳȥԹŶûֻһֱվţȵŲȥˣĳһš
һأ˶һ٣̲סͷŵһͷȥһۡ
ֱŲԶȥҶٷ壬ĬʰԼĶ
СʱߣǰԼС·ڸ̰ռһûõġϲСʯС겻ӵĸִӺӡԼЩǻģѰķ˳ͨõңֻĸƷʯ
Ҷٷ罫һдϣֻסҶһõĻϴʣµĶŽԼǬУŻһ
ٹãҪˡҶٷ߳ţҶҵԺӡ԰һȦèһȦװס˸ˣѯٸȥĶ
شүүżææȥˣȥģ˵õˡ
Ҷٷͷʾ֪ˣҲš
Լ˵һû뵽ƽ̵ٸҲܵˣȥ淢йҲáҶٷһ㰴Լƻˣжһ˿ο
ٸܵܣö࣬òŷش̼֪ͷ˲Լ
ʲôʲôһ̾յ̶ǧﴫ
ҶٷҶҺ߳ڹսǴװϣص￴ʶ̶ϢϵЦ͹Ҳסˡ
ˣˡôôʡĵأǰҹԼһΣż죬ôԼ˵
һѾͻ˼̵ļޣ֡
̶æ𣿡
Ҷٷ磺
ս¹ǵͷ죬̶㹫¹죬ܶûǧﴫԼ˵Ҷٷ绹Ϊ˵ľˣ̽һΣҲо̶Щ䵭
ʱ֮УҶٷÿҲæܽţû룬ֻԼԼˣǴ󹦸ɡ
ȴû뵽ǣû죬̶ͷ·ֱʲô̼һ֮ǰҪ䱾ؿ˹ÿʺ˵ҲԼ˵ţǲ֪Լ漸ˡ
ҶٷܶԭվþΪЩԷԼ̫ǿ¸ҵ˿µθУַͨʽֲֺԼ
ǡ̫ˡ
һǧﴫʱҶٷѾӺ߽Լֻ
̶˵ҩĸ㣬Ҳѹ߾ħµĶʱ䣬Ӧÿ쵽ˡ
Ҷٷ磺
쵽Ǹʲô˵ôе졣
ŶˣԼ¹ǵʱ˵Ҳǣˡ
ҶٷЩ仯ȷ֮Ժ̶ֱֳָ޺ֻǲԼˡ
˰ˣĸҩأ´һ¾ͺˡ
磬Ҷٷæ˵£Щ׬Ժֻ㻨СǮֱȥһֵĻŵʱɴǸסεĶҡɴֻǲƺЩ鸡ϱƽһЩ
ҲΪֻϰƽʱߵһЩڴСȥϰԵԼ٣ֻһ¿̯ǰͣһ
һֻذ׸ɾִЩɫͷΡмѡɫɫļԸҺúõðӣŸǮ뿪Ϊѡˡ
ֻˣƺͱ˲̫һŶҵ˽鲻Сûзŵˣôֱֱ߽˻еһɫ
һֱǸˣſͣס˽ŲﱧŸɵĸӣһոдõֽڸצϣת˸տطŷɳȥ
أݲλϰ壬һ˵꣬ǼʱǸˣҲɴӿڶĲ£˼ʱĲ裬ǹȲ費˲Զ˵һһֱˮݵˮˣݻƵˣȲ򼱱ﵽˣӿڲ߳Ҫȵˡ
һΣŶҵƺˣҲûнˣﶵתת˸û˹սǣֱ˶Һͺɴһָ˳ȥαװıòҶλɵĹӣҶٷ硣
ŵ˺Ǿȣݺ󣬾ͼææˡ
ŲһԶҶٷҡ鸡ĽŲҲ𽥱ȵȻŨؾһ˫ȴúܣ΢̡
ѾʱãҶǴ˴ӻؼҵϢŰһþƺòˣӵȴٳٲӰڷϿŵλ꣬ñ߳Ա
һӺò׻˼ңû͵ʰͲ֪ܵȥˣҲûСҪͬûӰֻһŸʹҴææܳȥæûĶӣ֪˻ܣǲǵű˵лĿֳ
Ҷٷ쵽ҵʱ򣬾յ˼С͵ͨ籨ţ˵үͷϣɵСŵ㡣
ŶΪ
СֵؿҶٷ磬Ǻ˶ٰ֪ʣȻΪүؼҵһ죬밲ʺãؼҳԷү˵á
ǻҶٷƵģ¶ЦСһͷ
үͱүˣ˵Ȼؼˣԭͦ˵ģͶүûڣƽʱСһ롭
Ҫ֪ҽΪûԷͲˣҶٷ˴ԶĽŲſЩ
СҲƼ˴үŲˣΪҶٷҪΪԼͣûѣĵѵүȲѣŻôģ
Ͳˣ
ҶٷһҡͷЦͻֱˣĶܳһķ


30 ˵ִ
Ҷӣ
̶ٴŻһ, ȻҶٷûлӦ, ûпһۣأվȥ
ǸģЩ, ˯Ժε, ƫƫжǳ, û˯ʱġ
, ҶٷȻγԼ彣, 滹һ޲ȴûȫѺ, ֳֳֽ, Ȼôڿ͵һӡ
һ, ǽ׶ѣ
ʾôرҶٷЩӵĿԼеĶϽ, ƺ,
˵ɡ
ɴļ, ̶ҪĶһ١
Ҳǰԭ޷ʹõĽҡҡ׹Ѻۣ벻ʲô
ɵ, ͬ, ʱѺۼ, ҶٷͲ̫ˣȻ۶
Ҷٷ磬̶ټĽȫǰ˹ȥǵҪȥʲô
ȡǡ
أҶٷ߶һʮɣǰС
̶֪ҪʲôĻ£Ҳϡ
¹ǣҹȴȻӭһĻ𵴣ӳǵƺƵطɢȥ¹ǵÿһ顣
һȴʮ㣬ǡشﵽ¹ǵÿһ䣬һִ
Ҫҩģ⴦ȵȵã
̶վҶٷ࣬ȻҲ·𡭡ײ˽۵Ľ
ҶӣǺ⡭
ҶٷȻûظ֮󣬾ǿ߸ڰա
Ϊ㹻ˣǿԲյģֻ֮¸˷ҲһЩʺϳ;·
ʱֻȫǵĴСţѼ졭ȫͬʱ궯һĳȿֺĿ񱼺ͻҡ
ΨһĹͬ㣬ȫųķܵģеֲ̫巽ģ͵ҴܣȻŴ󲿶Ҳȥ
̶߸߿һУֻľ·ǵĶﶼħƵģһҩжߡ
ҶٷҲţȴƽҲܵȻֱҵԼҵĶ
඼ֻеʱȴһɵ⡣
ǸΨһزµϺɸݣȲ±ֲ̤ԼˣŻææͼЩĶ
һ̣Ҷٷ׼ȷ䵽ǰһȥ䶨
ǻǰɡ
ǲϺһ֣ϣ˵ʲôĶ֣ô۸ʵũ񣿣
ˣӡҶٷת̶һ֣˵ʱ΢΢һгģ͸Ľٴ뿪
ֻʣ̶ϺʱϺмܲסֳܿһͷҰףȴֻʮ꣬߶µعϴ
ɾôǻǾ
¹Ⱥӵֵضһһ۾졢˻򺿿ţΪԼƭ˵ʱҶٷ缰ʱϵ
ǬóһƿҩˮȾƿԴһЩ߸߾𣬡ҪĶ
ڶ˻𺿽У˲ٽ໰ߴߴҶٷǡ׼ˣ֮ࡣ
һ̣ҩƿ򿪣ҶٷЩĸߴֽҩˮΣһһ£ֱÿһֻԵһΣҩƿҲڵˡ
ҹ¹ӭ˶һ֮ҹ
¹ȻһƬ·ûסǣѾûЩ֡ҵĶǡ̶͵͵ڵǼֻһû뿪ΪԾɱռ޷ȥ
Ҷٷһк󣬶Իص˳ЪŵĵݣȻݣ·ղԼĲʲôͻȻץס¹֮׵Ĵ£ֳŴһֻҰá
̶ѾסֻǾԭ͵廨ǾҲҪĶ࣬Ҫ⣬Һ̶ͻ
ҶӣҸҪȥ㡣̶ŵһĲأæǰȥɫЩ԰ףĹˣ㡭
˵꣬ҶٷĬ̧֣ס̶ੲݵ죬õģǲ֪ʱǱȣȹϿһ֡
̶ͻȻľٶŪһ㶣ֹס˻ͷҶٷҲ΢΢һЦ۽ǻžƺ΢Ⱦϵı졣
𶯡ҶٷԸһ䣬ֳԼ죬һСơϸһһߴţڲϣСһһŷģһдٷ֡
Ǹ׵ĻУ˻ΪԼŮЯԱƽ
Ҷٷժޱȵӣ̶֣֣صؽƷģǣƺ£սиʲô
ҶٷһУ˿˺ܶ࣬ҡ
̶Щ޴룬߬ŸƣͼҶٷ绰ֻ˵һֹ֣˺Ȼ˹һ΢ŲľӾôװԼط·û˹ͷ
ҶҶӡ
̶æסҪɤۣһƬʱ˰ķеû˷Ӧ
һϸ˫۽գź˯㡣
ѩַΨһޣٹפգܸߡ
ô˵ţʲôΪԶҲͲҪй
ȣǸطͱһ˸ɾƯöࡣ
ֲ˼ͷء
λү治ƭˣүأĲ㣬ԸӻȥƸǿҲͬⰡⲻΪС𣿡
̶䲻˦ˣҲգֻüͷţִ˹ȥȰҶٷļ򣬡αأҶӣѡô࣬绻һɣҲãС̡
Ҷٷһ̶࣬Ǽͷү˵ʲôôϵ˰Ĵħǲǵɲ˵㣬Ҫȷ˲ǣ˳Ҷţߣȥ
̶ƵһߣűСүżҶӣҶӣ侲һ°ɣˣǸġ
Ҷٷ͵һתչȥôʶ
̶û뵽ûٱܿʶһ˲ĺ촽˶Ҳµġ
ߡҶٷﰵЦñŲЦװʢŭģҡ˸ȥҴ·ҾԼң
ֻ谤ŰسһֱײĲ֮ˣٲСĵر¶һԼݡ
ôһҶҹֵַ飬ȻȻشȥˡ¹ȴҶһʥţԼ⡣
һãҶٷţŭ̶ĿҲˣͲԼ嵱Ǯӻȥ˶ۣܲ


31 ˵б仯
ƿţָָ棬ƺûȥ, ԺסˣƽʱʲôҪֱӻСɡô
ҿԸĸƺֱӽгƺ޷ĳ羴֮顣ҶٷŬڳϿҷǳģ, Ͳ۾һһˡ
ð, ΢΢һЦ, ǸеƵĳһƫͷͣ˿ûʲôƢļ, ʲô
ҶٷסҪ, ԼһͱɵΣ, ССؿڣǡˣ
ǵĿҶٷ, ΢΢, ǽЦЦԽˡԽΣζʮ, Ĭ˼Ϣ֮ųҶٷķŲһͷ˹ȥǶͷֵľ,
ܺá
Ҷٷ亹, ƽһεϷ, ǸֵָܴһٸԼ߼Ҫдϲÿô
Ϊ̫ţǾҪľ룬ҶٷҲûע⵽ǵƺһƮһ˲žͿЦҶٷҲ˿
ٽһ
ҶٷԹЦſڣˡ
ŶҧͷôӦ
~̵Ӧˣôƺ㰡εСܣ
ö˶˵ô˵ͻȻˣҶٷһ㶣ʶҲŴ˵𻰣ٷͺãٷǸٷ硣
ݲݲݣٷأô˵ҷء
Ǹ֣㡣Цޱޱģָ̧Ҷٷգӣ˲ţˡ
ûˡ
Ҷٷ·𱳸ǧũ񲮲ϣļ޵еˣһҲҶӲֱͦͦ
ʲôأ˵Ӳ档Ͳ˻ǷǾɫ˵ɫ
ٷܵʲôҪҪľͺ˵Ŷį˾͸ң~ѩ~ѽ~
㻹ǰѩﰲϢ˰ɡ
ҶٷЦ÷·Ե߻أ洺⣬æصͷððѩˡ
ЦȥҪˡ
ˣĴˣˣһЦЦȥ㲻Ͳܣ
ʲô߰߾ЦޣЦʹࡣ
һһȥ˵Щޱ߼ʵĻӶѩ˵ժˣǲźȻ˵ˣҲˣ˵ľҲˣ˵ҲָЦҲôˡ
Ҳ֪ģƵ˲ָ˸ռʱģĳһתߡ
Ҷٷֱˣ˼Լǲ˵ˣ־鵱˵û߹Ȼϲŭ޳Ƣֵúܡ
ֱգۿûӰˣҶٷȻԼ˵͵һĴȣһ̵غšˡ׷˹ȥ
֪ͻȻѡԼҪأҲûʽԱű⣬ɲôȥˡ
һ
˵ѧҵ֮Убһ֮У󣬻ص˵Ŀ֮ԿռţȴǵѬһϸ΢
εͲ¶ȵҶٷ˿ҷɣǰ˵׻ǰʮߣǲǰڳջ̬Ҳǲӵ
ٽšҶٷҲòЦֱͦӭǼ˳ܲסѹͷٴο϶һԼ
д߲ϲЩСų֮ᱻ䲻ϲԼԴϻ̳Ͽ֡
ǵġ
ȻҶٷ̹һʱ֮ǵɫȻ࣬¹һȣǵгȡ֮ǰͼ
Ŷһﲻ󣬿СðЩΪҩ֮ˣҵĸۡͲŭңֱӽĥȥٴж˿飿
Ҷٷһ㶣һʲôһﲻˣôԣصˡ
ȡҶٷŬƺЩѵ沿飬Ϊζп˵ģͣԭɽ¾ģ˭롭
ǿЦЦġ
Ҷٷ΢΢һЦ֮ǰĿξ絴ϲޣһ˫·޺ֻڿ֮ǰСĶôһֻۣһۣ޶޿ݣֱ˼㱡ԣҪ˵ʲôҪʲôȫ֪ˡ
ϲˣЩǰСϳݵģãЦöˡ
ֻݱ޵ϲãƺδͣãͻһҲм̾Ϣ
㵹ǻ˵Ǵ˼ҵү飬ʦ
Ҷٷֻ䣬ǲ˵Լ˵ЩʱȻȻԣƳһ˵ĵӲѰ֮£
㲻ͷμңȻúáǶʮһ꣬Ҳϲˣᷳ
ҶٷԽѸһתµԼĪĸߵľʶǵ˲ˣŻ˵Ļ
ôأҶٷæϣɽ궼һ컨Ӵ⸴ڣ˭Ҳ˵껨ȥкβͬ˭ָ˵ɽˮ羰ǻῴ˵ģ
֪û˿ɽˮ˵ģ
Ҷٷ΢΢һЦǱȻΪɽˮɫ̫̫ˣǿ֮ԼʮһղͷͿԲſɽˮҲᡣ
أеһƣԭžҺƿһΣ͵ֱ̧˵ҶٷЦȥҲǡ
ãҶٷ类öЩëҪ̲ס˻ˣǲջߣһɨֱ˵һá֡
Ȼַɿزһ䣬Ҳǻˡ
Ҷٷ磺
ȵȣҸղǲ˵ʲô˵£ôܸоҪֳ
֪Ҷٷıʵֻ˵֮ҰܣȻʲôòÿɽˮܾÿˡôͳ˻˲ŸҾÿ
ŭߵǺηˣ밲Ϣɡ
㣬ܲǲΪҪҽױЩҲԣҴΪҵҩҲúúɲС
лˣҶٷϲæʩһ񣬡һȫϣްԹԣ
ңЦһΪȻС죬ĳҪʮ֮һ𡭡
ĳˣȻŵܿͻ˵Ǹù
ƼҶٷ˼ֹģϸüһô⣿
˵ʹݵһ̣Ҷٷʶػһݣæ˰֣ɰͰ͵Цתƻ⣬װʲôҲû룬ɽʱšÿζҩ˽𣿡


32 

ͷԼһ, ûɵظоЩ߳ܣ۲ǲ֪ˣеġ

¶ԭ, ޱݾ޻ɰ˵ë, 沿ĺɴһ˦, ¶˧˻ķݣٲҲǴƽƽ·˼, ͵һ¶ʵ, ĺĴɴħ˲¹

, һ¶ԭֵ͡èԴ⡢Ĺǡݰ, ͲͿ֬Ĩ۹һ, 飺Ҫ˯ˣ

Ϊڳ, Ƥòװɡ

ΧһƬžҶٷӲͷƤסݳܸ, ̧ͷ

ǿס˵ĺ, ǳʵʾؽ͵ڲ۵ġ

ʵĲۡ

ʾ, ǰʾڲۣȥԺ᲻ۣǾͲȷˡ

ֻĺȤ͹ע

ĺ˵΢, ƺ˻кҶٷֽһų˵ڶӡ

ʵ, ڲ֮ǰѡ, ҩˡ˵⸱ģΪƳЧȶҲδ֪ĵҩ

֮ǰŵߵˣһֱѹƣֻѹҲֻʱġϾϾǰһΪĴᣬҲǽ¹֮ˣȴȫǿɫ౧ȣǿɾܳý¼ĲҶһˣ

ҲٱˣΪġҩЧͱͣ롭뱻˷֣ʵңҥֺ϶١

Ҷٷͷ·һܱ˷ֵĿˣΪѹ̫áʹ̫ãһʱ޷Լ˵һС

΢΢žҪˣҪŤı飬ʵϣȴǿҪﲻסЦˡ

ݵ̫ԼҪԼˡ

ĺ˵ͷһֻϣοһԵҶҶٸıҲ΢΢仯ͻȻ֪̫࣬һʱûӦ

µҲˡڸоħһߣҶٷװѾƹˤ˵ģ϶˵һɡӦ߾ħȥַӣСĳײűһŭ֮ι˹ƶ

һңһ߲ѵԼȻңҲҶҵҿԣ˻ǵˣĴ񣬿Ǹ˭ҽӵɽ

вУЦҶٷ߬ȭͷˡ

ĺһȥϲŭ

Աߵٸȴסˣһӳ˹Ҷסƶô£ȴ˵磡磬ǲǡ˵

Ҷٷ˱飬µͷ̧𣬷ŵЩѹ֡ʹࡢǰһɨȥȡ֮Ǳ䳹ǵĵ⣬߲еɱԹһۣͶסٸж»ٸл

ҿɲκˡֻЩˣҵĺȡҰﵹæˣ

Ͼĳڵ֮Ҷٷ绰£㲻ȥٸ裬ջߣԼҲеܡܣҲ˿ʹʹ

ĺϸϸƺδΪԼľʶ˶ҲûΪֳĶƢԶ˿֮飬ͬղǰºԸͷȥ֣Ҷٷ°͡

˵ͬȰů˻еʱʶꡢ΢Լůˡ

ĺ¶ǡôЦݣЦº͵ģ˲֪ͳеȪͷŲ̫һ

¡οţһġ

Ҷٷܳǰ۷ͬһġҽ޴ľϲƺ嵭飬ıһ˲Ŀհס

һϷһ룬ȴľϲ

ԼЩˣĺˣòˣԼȤˡ

ΪѵӣΪѣַǳС±˷Ƶץסĺ˵䣬̫ˣֻץסССһǣֺ±ܾٴʧȥ㽫ССһ߬߬ó壬¸ŲϣָҲӡӡ

ܰңǲŹҵģҴӦߣһ궼ҪΪҩܽڵҩȥ߾ħ𣬴̣ϲĥˣǰգ˵Ҫץң

˵ЩҶٷԼĺе㼱١

װŵãǽŵģǼ̫ˣһξȻٳӵôãûǰݸ壬͡ڳ¡ˣ

оԼս

ͬʱʮеħޣϢ˳ȥҶУһŭ˼Աֶ̼еҶȻҲϺԼϹϵֻ̫̫¡

ᱻħ޷ŹᱻץסĥϢҲϸشĺˣѻȷĺԼȤٶȹһЩ

˵ĺ߾ħһԲѰ·Ȥ˸Ȥǡǡ෴ĺ˵ĸβں

˵ĺϲģЩϳϵġʹ

õ֤ݣЩϸڵľУĺǰڶԲ΢ͬˣһȬ̬Ⱦͻᷢ׵׵Ĵת䣬ĮģȫޣԷ˭ס

оʹˣһδεҽ;УΪͬ顢ʴ֮ģĵš˱ʹĥģ

ĺĲͿ࣬Ҳĺ

Լ㣬״˸ӣԵĸĥʹҲδ֪ˣӦǱȽϡٵģһʱܱŹҲζŶ޷ȬʾżԼϵĿѣܳʱ䣬㹻ĺúܡ

Ϊ֤Ҷٷһϵ̽²⣬ĺ˺Ȼ§ǰֱ꣬ӱڻҪοˣӵƽԼȻ顣

ȻһԣѾּ֪һǸý⵹ùӴ˵ҶҼ侲ɵؿ˿ڣ

Ҵ뿪ҶңǰɽΡ

ɽԭͣɽĺƽʱסĵطҲǼҩ®ڵɽͷ˵ƵȶԭɽϵĲͬ߶ȡͬʱ˲ͬӦ¶ȣͣɽΪһмڶڴɽͣ

ɽ˲ͬ¶ȣҲֲͬ÷ҩ®ҩųĺ˵ĵ̡

⻰Ҷٷһϲֶһǡ

ĺͻȻ֣ҲδĺߣڳֵδЩˣԼûüȥ߾ħ𣬺Ҫһõħء

ңҪıĺӣҪһҪɱﵣȻһԼʥŲõ֡

ʱҲǷ飬ҵôһĺоʹ

 
лҪ˵
Ϊ̫аһʧʥóľǲڼ֮缸ǰͿʼռ鼮ǡñаһ±

һ3㡣
һ½ҶҸ
ʱ߾ħٳ
ǹԶ͹ԼڸеĸַԼ

33 

ӻǵɽķ, Ҳܹ΢һ·ʥţʱҸɣĺ˷Լȥȡ, ӦҲѡ

ҶٷѸ, õƤתһȦ, ̤ʵˣ¿򻹽Զĵĺ졣

ƺ̫, Լײô, Ը׵Լܷ, Ǿû˵ݻϾϵĺûᣬ˴, ҪըĴɱ, û˵仰

л֮ı, ܶˣҶٷ粻ٹ, ֻ֪, ҪԼôһѡ

ĺ˿ˣȥȥ, ʾҶٷ类ţҲûôֻ˻ǬȡԼ彣ڵ, ⽣۶ϵģͻҶҡ

, ѵõĺýһȥġҶ, ҲҶٷҶҵϵݡ񽣶ˣӳȥˣҲһֱ̬

ҶŵϵĽһĽһأϺɼ˶ɬƵɤ˵á֣ÿһͬʯͷһһصڵϡ

Ҿ͵ûӣҶ˵ʱ촽ֱ۶ڷ޲ֱӽԱߵһȥбͱٻٹԭ£Ͷ·ʱҲҶһ㡢㣡ȥɣ¡ҶҲܲ㣬ԼģԺôҲԼһ˵£ûٻϡؼң

Ϣŭֻһʱ嶯ٸͨһˣץҶģÿҪ޳ĴѾ̫ˣǲʱޣˣٸ˾˸ɡѾӦˣһĵģĵģҶҲ۵ģ롭

ҹ

Ҷ߿Ҷٷ磬ŭ뿪ˡ

һʱеΣҶٸһ˹Ƕޣźǿ

Ҳ֪ҶۣǵţҲˡҶٷ˵·²ؼɾ۲ҶҲˣҵĺõܵܣʵʲô׵ģ뿪Ҷңˣʲôأ޸˭أ

ĩˣһ䣬

û˻ġ

Ҷٸ赱ֹ˿ޣ۾ͨĿ

硭ȥȰȰǸúǣһлǡ

ҶٷʮˣҵҲõΪֹˣٸ裬ҲҪһֻ֪ΪҺõĵܵܡ

Ҷٸ㶵ǿҪʶǰĸˣһԼĸ硣

ʮǰҶٷԱֻͲĵܵڡȻûΪٸԭأȥȵʱ̫ʱ䣬ˮͺضҶٷĵӡ

Ҫ벻̫ˡҽβôҲҪ꣬Ͷţû⣬Ӵ޷ڲͣ׳ಡȥɣȻܲǮʡĵĽ⣬޺ˣ٣޲ɣȻҲû£ٽӻβǡ

ڱˮ˼ʱݵò˯ȥǲˣȴȷдţŻҶٸ衣

ǾˣɾͲҧһڣ˵Ϊ˺ȥģʱҶﻹķԣضϳȥ

ҪԺ̳ҶңɼҪʲôʲôǾͲҪκٷȥ£ԼԺ˭ĴҶȻһ˵ġ

Ǻģɾҧ㣬Ҷҵ˲㡢𣿵ʱ򲻹㣬׶Ҫûԣҿ㰡ɵôõĻᡭ

ǣڵ֮УηŽᱻϳȥ׶ûԵĿҶٸ費һؼңԥìôһʱ䣬Ҷٷ缸ʱڵþȡ

ҶٷȴֻǵãϳɣصĵܵܣԴԼ£òȥɺ󣬾ͶԼĺãͷεĺã׵ס

ǰѾɴ˵ٸܵܣ̾˿

߰ɣֻгҶ֮б½Щڽ䡢ӰﲻɾĶȫɾ𣿡

ô仰Ҷٷקקĺ˵ӣʾ뿪ˣһš

ܿ죬Ҷٸ׷ſڣ

磡΢΢ЩˮҿԲΡԭ𣿡

˵ʲôԭ²ԭµġ

ҶٷĽŲһ£Լ챻ЩͷСһ̨ʶԻŪƤˡ

ԭ¡ͷҲûأǰȥһûأûô

뿪Ҷң׵׵뿪ˮҲûź˿

ţҶٷôʱԱߵĺȻóһ

ղе㸴ӣˣĺվ󣬽һݸҶٷ磬һҴģתע塣

еҩƮҶٷ˹˰Σɫãɵȣ̧ͷѯʣ˵Ǹѡǲ

ĺ˵˵ͷ

Ҷٷλʵ̫ˣһʶԼĵܵܣһʶ̶ȫûмӣʹее̫Լемܲס

侲侲

ĬĬ𿪰һװ˼ƿҩҩĬĬֿ˻ȥûԣְѰԭⲻˡ

Ȼ˵ҽϵ⣬ЩȽ˰ɣôԣҾôԡ

ֱɵòС

ĺѶӹҶٷͷллôҡ

Ҷٷһ΢Ц룬ΰ㣬Ǹе㣬ǲϲŪģҾʲôˣܲô

ߣΪ˺úдλĴֵܣһ㶼뱻ĺȬ

뿪ǣĺǱγˣҶٷĽŲȻͣԭء

ĺѾ˽׼Ȼɫб䣬ɻһҶӣôˣ

ҶٷûлӦת෴ķֱȥȽֱ߳ߡ

һܳܿһͷĽֵ·ϵ˺٣ֵߵҲѾŻؼңֻʣ¼յ谵ĵơ

ĺ˲˲Ծæ׷˹ȥѾڵͿյĽδü£ֱ׳һɢ˵Ҷٷǰ

Ҷٷ޷ǰͣ˽ŲǰԶһɫӰһ·ڣҹɫֻܿһŵҶٷķ֡

ģкһδѣȻ޺

֮ǿѹȴһϢŨħͬεˮĺ˵ͣһ˲ҲҶٷǰѿ˼ϸơ

Ҷٷ磡

ĺٴγ֣Ŀ겻ԶӰʲôϣֱ־ѵҶٷ磬һԵǿģͼ˿˵ꡣ

ԭΰ֪޾ƺܵʲô΢΢Ȼһ˽ߵĽ֮ϣƺҪվס

ԶӰڿÿһֵ㾲һ֣˷ѹҲһ֣ʮҶٷѾ޷վͷϥԭء

󷽵ĺ˵ǻά֣ϵֵˣȻǵͿŵĽ֮ϣȴҲҷĿתضŲϿӰֱܿ˵ݡ

һͷɫ·ѪȾĳⲻϵĿɳۣģһ³

ߵǰԼʮԶʱͣ˽Ų

 
лҪ˵
΢ЦųҶٷɤͳ
Ҷٷ磬

ÿ3Сʱ

34 
ȻҶٷ̧ͷ, ʩϵѹƺ˲䳷ȥ, վ, ĳһƣǰͳѺ۵Ľɫϻ顣
㲻ܹȥ
ֱ֣ĺȻ߬סǰܵ谭ҶٷͷȥһƬ˯ƵĮȻ㱣ұȥħ𡭡ߡ
ħѵĺüͷ壬˫ºЦŵ˫Ҳ˷⣬߾ħ𣿣
ԭֵĳͻ, ǻˣػֱӴ, ʤӮ˭Ӯˣ˭ܴվмꡣ
ȴ, ˶ȴ, ׷׽ԼʽҶٷϡ
Զ߾ħ𲢲ɱУֻһħ㵯ûҶٷĶ, ߶ƶӻԾ, Ҳһƿǡ
ĺվҶٷ, һָ, һһ״ҩݵڰգ̳ࡣ
šһ˿ƵЩҩݰһ͸ļ룬ҩ˿˿ƵػãͨĺĶعתҶٷڡ
ҩҲЩศɡ
ۿҶٷĺ΢٣ϸ𱡺죬۵𽥸һ˿գգۣƺҪָЩǵʱ߾ħЦһһħ̼㶤ҶٷĶġ
ͬһ֮ոð̵Ļħ˲Ҷٷǵקһ˿׹ڰԨ
һһȥһиһǿĺ߾ħͬƾ˭Ҳõ֣̣ҡҡλվмҶٷ
һʼҶٷ飬ǸյĿӣһҩƽڣһħ壬ǿԳܵķΧʱ䳤ˣȻ־״̬Ҳʼ¶͵ģ
һһȣ麹֪ʱѾʪ£òƤϣ߻㱲ڼ໥ͷĿѣڡ
Ǹо˯֮вðȣһƬãĺ滹ƫƫ˸ɽԺһ±̵ҽ
Ȼһʱ˵ģ䡢ȡֻ̲ڵ䲻ϲµĥˣٺáˣŪȥ
һǵʮ߾ħһδʮ֮һĺˣĸΪʵ츳߳Ҷٷĺüȥ
ڣĺеҩĺķѴʱҶٷҲ֧Ųסˣһףһ˿Ѫ
˫鸡Ҳվţѵһ߾ħȥ
ʱһͺȻԶ࣬δ˿˭һ߰ϮֱֱҶٷϣקȥ
˼߾ħǵûգ۾ǸӸ˰㡣ĺǺȻ˿ͻȻˡ
࣬ˡ
һƽˮкǳԱǴߵĻӵģӦһĵͷ
࣬߾ħҲһβȴڴȤƵģôѲʹһõģ
࣬ɾڶ಻˴ҥ԰ԣ˵¹֮СӣǽĴλ
˵⻰ʱýס˼ҪιȥҶٷ磬رڻСĻš
ͬǳ˵Ļȴûи㷴Ӧ彣ͷܡ
ժߣ
߾ħȻ޷֮ҶٷһѸٵֳ̧ɾץȥ
ҶӣָѾߵı棬ԽɫƵıȻ۾󣬿Ŷŭ
߼ժµ˲䣬ɾӦʱԼߣȴãӱһֽɡ
Ҷٷ̫ܿƣʱ߾ħɾǲ֣һ§һֽʻƵɡſ˦Բ
ȥ
ֻʮ졢Ц޵İɫߴɡе䣬Ʈڰգһεİɫֳֵ߾ħΧȥ
ĺͬͬʱȥ˲ͻӰɳ߾׾ٽЩѾʧ
ȥãۿѾǵӰˣҶٷûѹ
ǵѪѾȥҲõĺ켰ʱҽΣ˫֣ȴһֱʵ
ץ֣ߣҶٷ֣һ˫۾ԲȻޱ飬֪ȴһ¶޹ĸо·ǰֻǸ뿴ߵĺӣʲô˹ƶ˲ٿǵޡ
ٴνקηߣɾڻε飬۽ǶƵĿһԿϷĺˡ
ĺ쿴ЦȻصݹȥһӡ
ࣺ
ôӵģ
е˲أҽι̻ȽۣҪӰҶ֡ĺ˷ǳȻ˵㲻ǼôһҹιǣϴǸҪѶеģԼϴΡҪĻﻹпڼϣͣͷ
ˣҿڻͦԵġ
¶ɫڲҶٷϵ֮ǰĺԼģɻûü黹ó
գӻǰҶٷϣǱģڻָ֮ǰʱɿ
࣬ʲôĺ쳯ȤҪҰæô
ˡһĬĬ˸٣ġɽȫҵħ鷳ǸˣһʲôȤͲ֪ͣ
ľͺáĺпµĲˣ
Ȼתͷؿĺһۣϵ仯ϲŭ˼
ΣĬĬջߣҡҡͷ
⼸գҶӻ鷳ԵĻҿ°æ
ˣĺ˾룬ͬʱҲֱ۱Ҷٷ磬Ǻ˵ģĿȴ޵Ҷٷϣû޷ѣԭ򣿡
ԭ˶Խħ޵ĹƶҲо
Ʋ˽⡣ĺ΢Ц˵һָĿǰڻ鼮ֻиԼĲ룬߾ħͨƶӰҶӵǣҲ˵ƶķƣùƶٴ˯˵С
΢΢ͷ򱻰ŤŤȥֵҶٷ磬΢΢ü˵˼ǣֻҪĳҶٷȻָѣ
ܣϾ߾ħδ׷ȴ޷ѣңǵҶӵ״Ҳǿҩˡ
ѲɻҪɹҵժ˲ָܻѣϸϸĽ߸ϵüĴüͷѹ¶ӣⲻ̫װɣ鷳ġ
һҪݣĳɹˣ߾ħҲ֪Լݣʱ򣬱Ҫ׷Ҷٷʡ
ǡǡ෴ĺЦһ̫࣬ˡҵ˼ǣֻҪ뿪һΧ֮⣬Ϳˡ
Щģ§ֱ۽˽ƺЩԸ˼ɽ󡭡
ĺĹǣһнҾͺáҶָܻǣұһʱ֪ͨ㡣


35 
Ҷٷٴλָʱ, оһܳܳΣԴΪ˯̫öҲ顣

, ǷԼ˯һʵĴ, 㷢˰ס˫ֺ˫ŵ, ¶ʱһʧȥʶǰ¡

ʱ, ƺԼ߾ħѵԼôħץˣ

ץץ, ˰

Ҳ, ˰ڴô˼

ҶٷԽԽˣڴȥ, ֱѱӶ߿, ſɤӿʼ, 

˰ˡ߾ħħ֪, Ų, ץʲôҪûУĶСߡħ𡪡װ

û溰, ȴʲô߾ħ

ľ֨ѽһƿһɫӰڣƹĲʣƮȻ, ϯ󷢿ҩζֱýˣһ˫Щ롢ȴ˿벻ϰ֮˵ĸɾ޳ָ, ÿһ㱡ɴʣҶٷĴǰ

ִһ, ţ·ʫĹӣҶٷ糯ȥӳЦҲºơ

ͬȵˣ̶ŵӣϣǰչȣ¶ȴǲһ롣

ĵ룬дСгж̡

߾ħڣôҺʧ

ĺ˴ȤЦƺԾŵĲʲôӣһﻨͨӣǰ˲ǱҵذڴϣѼڴϴк

Ҷٷ˸æҡҡͷ

ʧǵȻеʧģ߾ħȻ̰棬ʵ˼򵥵úܣԼҲħ汻ץȥҲš

ûץȥһѹģ벻ð亹Ҳа

Ȼ֪βģǣе

״ĺΪЦЦһľڴߣο£֮ǰһֱǲ߾ħĿƣ˵Լܳȥˣų²ߣ޾нҶӵ˼Щ룬ҲΪҶŶ˵ġ

ûµģĺˣܱҡҶٷŬɲµģôҿɷѯһ¡ұ߾ħӰԺ󣬶Щʲô

Ҷӷģĺ쿿ӴսӰҶٷϣˮ©ûκγ£ֻͼ߾ħ뿪ͼժɾߣûɹ

Ҷٷ˿ǰιȻöˡ

ûҲûͻȻֳʲô󶯾Ʊʲôģе

ĺɶϵӣͷ˼ӣѯʵҶӵȫǵ֮ǰô

ÿζ᲻ǵãֻ¸ģĸоҶٷΪڸԼɰǺϣֱ۱ߵͷûʲôӦΣʱеӡºģһƬʲô벻

ԸĻҿ԰ǹ̻е㡭ʡ

Ҷٷ繾һ¿ˮŶ˶󣬷ȻźֻܽǴɿذڴϡ޷뿪̫Զɱ̶ڴͷ޷ˡ

Ϊ˰ӣĺ˻ǡѹϣ˾ܽ

һΡ

ĺˡǣ

£ĺͷҶٷͷƶʱԽԽҾ뽫Ƴɣ취

Ҷٷ˵߾ħĹƶͬѰһˡ˶ɾģ˵룬ΪʲôҪң˺¡

룬ֹҶٷ绹û˵ֻǾܷ壬ĺ˿ԼȫȻζԷӡ

û취Ҫӽĺ˵ĻԷβҩڣһۣҲǱؾ֮·ˡ

ǱĺڴߣȷϺû󣬾ͿʼҶٷ·

ؿһҶٷͷƤһ飬֪ȷҪѣҪƤ¶µļƣĺᡣ

Ҳݱ̫Ҷٷ֪˸ĶǱȽɫĶԼԾҪƶʲôģмǿңȫ벻ġ

ǰǲã󣬺ܶϸھӶˡ

ĺ׼֮ǰһЩ׼ʽУߵˮ˼ƬҶϴ֡ĺ콫Լϴøɾ˵ˣӶ޷˯㡣

õţһĶǿҽʵ֣ȴºۡ

ٱ磬ĺ˴ŵһףҲŽ覵Ĵ죬ЩëߣҪ͹ɫ

ٱ磬ӵڲװηǳ࣬ƺǻԼĵ̣ȴ±˴ŵӣҲÿһţ˿

磬Դ׼Щĺͱÿڿ˺üˮ⣬ǽţڴʲô

ʽʼʩʱĺעӵģҲĵطҶٷᣬרע͹۲졣

ʽԸƶ֮ǰΪųڵĶħ̫ãΪӾĺһ룬һ߽͵ܻеۣģš

ҶٷҧأƮԶƼϻһЩƿƿ޹ޡ

ʹ̵ƣŸոտʼѾе㲻ȥˡ

ÿһȥ̼ĲƤ⣬Ǿֻһ룬ȴϸСͷ亹ֱ

ҶٷһֱħĸӰ죬ħ֪ͬҲħҪֻǱϾûСνʲô

бǺ߾ħħ˿˿Ƶİ룬ȴ˸һ㣬ķ·ʲôħһĽѪǡ

ҲΪЩħڸҩ壬ǴڵЩҪʱŻѣԽѣԽۡ

µĺΪԼŵʵǳں⡣

ʼգĺ˶Ŀתض۲ÿһüÿһҧءһȥѪɫͫʹ

֪ʱѾʮ벻ֹЩͷϣĺڶߵɤ˰繣֪Ļɡ

ʹ޷ע˼

ٴģǻ˽ˣҲԱͬѰʱ񣬸޷ĺʱı顢ﲻԣֻǸˣ缺عÿ˵ĸܡ

ҶٷŬ۾Լ϶ڶĺҲЩڻɫĺˣרעߡ

ͬдһ˫д˳ԡۼʣܵ˷ܲѵ۾ɲĺˮӿκˡ

ΪԼܲʹԶʹ볣˲ͬĿõĳ֣ΪòԿƲסض󣬳ڴˣȴҸκˡ

ĺΪƵͬʱҲΪĺ컺ĵ׵ġ񫡯

ץסĺֱۣ࣬طҪôͱƳȫħǸ첻飬ſ¶ȴһҽС

ɱĲҽУĻ˶֡

ﲻסˣʵڱﲻסˣˣ

ѾŬԼȥɰˣŬôͺߺйˣŬĺˣû취ۺ˾

ҽУҪ޳ɥֺޣ

Ҳ˲ˣ

Ȼе̡

ҶٷͰ͵ĺ죬ǻҲ룬ҲˣҲֲЩβģЩǸɱġǱղţûôˣǿԺûôô־ˡ

ձĺ찲СƵοҶӣβıȻ̣ʹʹҲẦģһ㡣

ء

Ҷٷ˵Ҳ֪㲻Ầ˰ܻ½֪˳羴ҽ𣬵㲻ģԽԽˬҲİԽװ˽Խµİ̲ס

Ҳ֪˶ã˶ãҶٷл㱼䣬ǹζ˯βȥòײŰһأȵĺ˽ۡ

λߵĹ̫ҪڵħͶأһʱܰ쵽¡

Ҷٷͷ

ĺҲЩ٣

лҪ˵
ȵָǱȳ¸ߣЩƵģҶٷѾȥϣָȷЩС
ҶӵƤƺȳ˸ЩЩҲ߸ҩҩЧô
뵽ǵЩһͬҩЧҶٷ϶ʱһһ죬Աرۡ
˰ɡ


36 
ֱ緹ʱ, ĺ˲ŽҶٷϵӶɰ, ˷ſ
Ѿʪ, ·ҲҪ»һסڼɽҩͯܶ࣬ĺҲǸϲյӵˣҶٷ۹֮󣬲࣬˳תˣרŵ̡
ȥҪԵƣǰӿ˵ַſڣʳƵ̫ϸ񣬳˼ɾƼ, ļѼⲢšÿ컹ܺߺСҼŵҩͯ嶷, ʱٱƵҡɹ̫С
ɽķ羰ҲǼģ뿴ʲôҵɽĶĸ, ֲŲͬҩҶٷһסʮ, ȫûпĸо
ɽϻһӣÿ극㡢˯ĵ㡢һá
ÿĺҶٷʱԷҪΪøַʱҶٷϲ
ġ, ҩƶ, ԽµԶҩԡȵ, ʹܵĳ̶ȴСһ, ֻҪˣĺɵطſϴ壬׼ԷϢ
ò˵βⷽ棬ĺ˻úܵλġ
ֻǼ仰Ҷٷȴ̲סϸ룬Ϊһܴ˵ʹлȡеˣȴĥ˺ʱסԼΪκγΥҽ¡⾿ҪĶ
˵۵ģʱƳǸ˾ȺµģдŤԵģô״̬Ȼάеĺ챾ˣ³̶ǳɱģСƬҶٷ粻ϸ룬õ
ʱ䳤ˣÿպĺ쳯ϦദЩϧС
һգҶٷڵĹƶ̣ȴ˲٣ƣҪ´߾ħ𷢶ƶʱ䣬ƺҲ¡
߷ŵһˮѾѪȾ˺ɫҩͯͷ˳ȥٴֻʣˡ
ÿ˹ƶĿڵĹƳʹҶٷҲʹѣȣʱͣĺڴߣϸĵĲΪȥϵ亹
Ҷٷ˵ĺָߣֹˣҡͷڻʲôϢ˵
˴ӴϷҶٷЩƲסط⵹ûʲôʱͻãĺȴԾΪɾϵ亹һ޲̺ӣ˹§סˡ
ůĸоܿ壬Ҷٷ绺һеĺڻʲôı
ϾڲǰԼʱĻһ˫˵Ǳˡ
Ҷٷ粻ǵϴôȹģҲȥ룬Դɺʱã¾ԶԼˣ˵ҲвٿµΣգǰǽƿ
ɼ㲻ȥ룬ҲѲΪжůůͣ۴СС¡Ǽ򵥵Ĵ磬ĺ˶ܽļۡůͣůͣȹһοµʹ֮󣬱Ǵͷŵ̹
ҶٷЩˣ̲סǷͷ㱻СѯʣҪ˯ô
ǴͲ֮ദ׽Ӱ֮ˣҲˡ
ҶٷɸƵļԴ۾еĺæݹȥһëΪ˲۽ǣô
ҡҡͷϻָѪɫ͸ģлˡ
Ҷ̫ˣٸˣչҲӦġ
ѾˡҶٷɰͰ͵˵е㲻䲻ȣе㲻˼Ƶģת˻ʵٸѣ
ĺҡҡͷԥŻ˵һЩæӦ˵ǣҩ®һЩæʶʱǡȥǵ·϶ѡ
Ŷ
ҶӣбĻ˵
Ҷٷ̧̽ȥһ˫Ĺ⣬ڴʲôСزҴƣ˶ԴҲô΢ô
֮⣬ԱҲϸĵĲ£ڸо򷢶ʱڻԱˣҲӣһ׵ĽҩˮཻιߣҲרע߿ţ·һ̣磿
е顣
ҶٷŬסԼϷûʧĺˣȴĻش
˵ȷҲвˣΪܵصˡĺ˵չ֮Ƿ˶ݵӴһ
Ҳ£ĺ˻ڲȬ̬ȸı䣬Ϊ˶Ͼֹһٷˡ
ڣҪᡢĻΪβһʼͱ־룿
ĺ˵ӵ߱ʾΪԹƣһ֮ˣ̲ס˺ãǲĴ
ҶٷЦǽ߼ԲĲ˭ܲµԭĺ˲Ȭ֮ȻûĶ
ݵĳĬ֮ĺȻ̧֣Ҷٷ۾ϣᣬʶͱ˫ۡ
һ̾ϢдЩɬɳƣ
ǵġ
ˣÿֵĲḶͬϤϣͬרעߡ
ҶӣǸ
Ȼܾˣ
ҶٷڿϰƽĺҴ뿪˷䣬ŹرյҶٷٴۣû˯⡣
ĺ˻ǲԸƭ˸ģ֪ԼҪʲô
ֻʣ̺ӺͱӣҶٷ翴˿Ĵ̫˻Ҳ˯ˣɴȥԷ
ζƮʳѾ⣬Լ˯ٳԡ
Ժţڼɽס죬Ȼʱ֮Ŀ¶ĺ˿ûвԼŵ˼ҶٷƳһ뷹ҲԵøɸɾѰ˼ʱˣһ
װ̽ⱻܵĹҶٷдҪʥһˣպúԼĶֱ뿪ˡ
ôһûд뿪ԵɣĺҲỳʲôֻᵱԼ鲻ã˽ڳȥɢ侲侲ڲСġò˴˸顯θУĺ׷ĵǳ뿪ÿ춼ԼĲˡ
ӣٲ뿪ĻҲ쵽ԼȷҩЧˣʱǲҪϱȽϺá
⼸ձĺãͷˣҶٷõĽǱʺ޵ĳ⼸ڵħ˴룬Ӳ˳ˣڲڻԼˤȥ
Ը߷ҩЧӰʱҪ̫Ҫ֣͹߾ħȥϾĺ˵ƣ߾ĹƶӰֱԼѹҩЧķӡ
ȥʥŵ·̲ԶҶٷһ㵽ˡλҪΪȥһ˵Ѿʧ˵а
ʾаĹ鵹ǺܺңҶٷ簴ṩһ죬õˡ
һ´ȥżϵĻҳƽĹĸ¶
Ҷٷ緭ҳдһЩ˹ҪķԼһЩͼ⣬ʽȡ
ǱܹĺϵаէһûʲôرģҲͨƺȡƽɫĴ⡣
ʵϣȴһܹʹתƵһϵаŹƽ֡Ҳɫǿ
ûʲôɱȲħ޻õĹƶ£ʵսȴȰտ£ܹӰս֡
ûʹУĺһηʹֻҪ첲ûϣ˻ܶĶͲϾͻʤһ
ˣ˵˲ᱻʹӰ죬Сͣ͡ص̬Ӱ죬ιȥֱ䶼пܵġ
һаһ棬Ҳ׽˱սɱĿܣηԼԲŻᱻΪаܵһʿĵƣӶʧ
˭뵽һط


37 
, Ҷٷ綼Уһ߿Լһ߱չǱƽĹ

֮˵ʡ, ħ޶, ֻǶɵ˵, ģҶٷ絹ȫû˹, ʲô, ʹ㶪ˡ

, Ҳ˴Ȿ˻᷸Ĵ

ĺµ˵պȥ, , ѾԼʱ䡣

뿪ʱ, Ҷٷյߵǧﴫ, ҪԼطȾ, ˳㿴ҩЧ

ҶٷѹһƣԼ˾뼾ɽϽһ¥

Ļȥ˼ɽҪɾ, ںȸʹ졪Ҳӽ񡢳ȥĺβҲĿġ

¥ΪʳתնĴ¥, д㣬Ҷٷߵһ㿿, Լ

ֻûȵǵˡׯ, װ˲ųŵġ

СֻЩѿëСˣҶٷأǸһµӰʹԶͷתϲȵƵ˽Χʳͽһ˷ĳ̾СǺ֡

ׯһ˦°ڣͺСҪϺþƺòˡ

Ⱦˣ

ûãյ

˵ĶԻǼ̣Ⱥ˵ļơƸׯͺȻĳһۣɫ΢䡣

СٽмᵯܳĹֵܣˡ

˵꣬Ϊ˱СܾصشӻóЩȾǮǮ

СЦúϲ£죬æȥˡҶٷ˵ƺ̫ðɣ˼ľ¥ӲҪƵĳٵƺӰ첻á

ûڣҶٷʶҲׯղſķƳһۡ

ⲻƳҪһƳһû뵽¥һεĽ䣬ˡ

ӰͺϤҶٷ簵й۲죬̧ͷʱȷˣ̶ǡ

ˡ

ûʲô˼ֺǺǵȥк˵ʲôҲڰĴֻĬûƵģջߣȻ󽫸ȥС˻Щ

ƯСã˵ĹӸ磬ǻʫԣоģȻˣŲ񫡣

СȥˣҶٷջߣׯһЦ

ׯҶӣҲˣ

Ҷٷ磺ծѡׯǰǣ

Եѡɱ

ɱɱ

һĬڲС

ûɰһһŮһ˵ġ

һ٣һһ죬˾𣬺ò֡

ʼգׯɺˬԱߵ˺ЦһһҶٷǷޱߣ齫С˵ǽֹͷ

¥֮ĵطˣû̫දֶŵԽΪ˼ұϾǳеģֻͼǮټľ¥֮Уȴۡ

еıͣԼҲҲˣеıͣɴ㵽˶¥ȥ

޶Եģ˵Ǳ濴ģҪʼͷԲ˺Ⱦƣڸ

˵ʵÿҲֻһˣ޳ʳĳӣϣҲһѳʾ䲻ͬѰյݡ

һޣһƺħޣһֹģƺǰݲ̫һʼȽϽûд

ֱһͷ־һ󻶿Цϸ˶ׯϣԱСҲſЩַҶٷϣҪæ࣬ҲС

ԶǸޣҲ̶סˣһѷ¾Ʊ֮ľҺ˳ѹɤй̫ˡ

ԱǸħЦһƵĵ˾䣬֪ܡ

̶һ㶣˵

ǸٵģŵŶܵ˴ȥأ

̶ͷ֪ôһͬ˵ĸоһǿҹ̾˵װģоúýʲô

ӣƺҲˡ

֮䣬һ

ȿ˿ڣôƺ

һѰޣʦš

ŲͷҲԼϣǸħޣʦš

ӡ̶ֻǰɲ⣬ԷҲûѯΪǳ˸ƺ

ħ޵ֱԲ䣬ѯʵԱǸ£

ȿȡ̶ˮǺÿȺ˵

ӵĬˣֲֵЦЦ£԰ɣλҲǡ

̶һ㶡

ԭǰˣˣ

ַľʱҶٷׯܣᣬԼ᲻ׯռҶӵıˣҶӸȴܾ

ҵ֤ˡ

ܺãһһȫû˼ȰˮһܿùǺ

̶ĵҲǸܺߣҲû˵⣬̾ԼҲһƵĿڣҲ֪ΪηҪ㣬

ߣΪ˹ˣӵĿܳ壬óԣͳȥˣҲ֪ǰʲôһֱ͵Сϱ¶

ˣ̶˼λˣ

룬̶ûб¶Լׯйһ֮Ե¡

ˣûʲôɡӿ˿ЦһҵҲһҲòĶȥô㻹֪ΪҪѰ֣ΪǸеĶϲƵأ

̶Ŀ¶Լϲûб˱ţαҪʵȻأ

߻ŲϴЦһһĿмŵ⼸޹֮˶ɱŵ׷׵ͷԷ缦Ϊˣ˳Դף˳Դˡˡˣ̹˽£

˵꣬صءߡһͷһ

ԭˡ̶Ȼ򣬸мؿزʶȴԵֵ꣬ӣл㣬Ҿһ

ؿɣ



ңԶһҶٷʼչŲõЦ⣬ǺȾƣ˵Цģ֪Ѿˡ

ĳһֱʵʰϣ˵ãоûôâڱˡׯȣҪԱǡϣҡͷֱ죬֮һѾˣ½

ĸã˵Ȼǽ£Щҩĸá

ѹٴʧ¶Ҳɳ·¶ԭ͵Ҷٷ翴ʶı䣬Աǡ۾ֱˡ

ׯͣǡϣֶԱ߼˻ӻ֣ˣЩǮǽòˡ

ĵǮ;Ǯׯ棬קҶٷҡҡλε壬һ§һץ첲Լϣ㽫˷ȥ˵

ûӭӰƺҪסȥ·

ׯ𣬳еһգգۣһѸٻ彣
 
лҪ˵
˾ܣգ۾ͷɳȥʮԶ
ֱӽҶٷˣܻߵعЦ
ʱȺ仰Ǻеġ



̶ҿˣ


38 

Ҷٷһת, ӦʱѾڰವطˣһ

һ̧ͷ, 滹Ӱ׷

ׯڽվ, һ±, ڸ

ܰ

ΪʲôҪܣҶٷʡ

Ϊˡ

ҶٷԼӣеת, ̶

ʲô£ׯ˵Ī, 

ûа, ô˵

ׯҡͷԽԽ, ƺ, Ϊ˦, ߹հƣڱȽϵ͵ĸ߶, Ըֲڱ١

ȵڿ, ׯŴЦ

ʱҶٷȻյǧﴫҲû

һĵд, ̶ѯʣҶӣ

һ仰ô, ̶ƺһûһ졣

ҶٷƲƲ죬ֱӻӦ, Ҳ֪

Ȼ̧ͷׯĶ

ׯ

Ҹ, ҪǲǣˣͻߡˡҲ㡣

Ƿǳˡ

Ҷٷ˼һ£ƺûʲôɷģ̶ָʵطȥһϢׯҸ㡣

һͷ̶ƺǿЦãٴηϢЦ˵ûϵҲûʲôҪ£ֻ˵ǰЩһֱĺҽΣ֪ЩûУ

ܺѽۡ

ۣۣ

ңҰö·˶ÿҹġ

ҲǺ˾ЩҶٷ뵽ʲô˵˵˾ǧﴫȥ·ڱԹ⼸չ̫ҡ

̶Ϊܲˣܳ͵ȾƵôСıĺ˷ˡ

ôֻҪҲ˵˭֪͵͵ܳȾƣ

̶š

ׯǵĴܲͣһ¡

Ҷٷ֣ܲͬĻһطǴεġ

ׯΪȻ㲻ϲﻹ˵ϻ

Ҷٷ类סˣƺ˼һŶ

Ȼٴθ̶ǧﴫ

ӣûпȥַɾҰôˣϴ߾ңСıˡ

ǵģǽϻҪ˵ġҶٷ˼Լ

Ҷٷϲ˲ڲڣЩ¶ǰ˵ȴ·˼˰ģ䱸Ҳȫûһ

Ǳߵ̶ƺҲЩĲ£ϾԼ֤ƺҶٷģģһǧﴫ

һΣׯֱӰסҶٷ֣쵽ˣģȥʲôҪæ˵

ò˵ׯݴ˵ҪЩҶٷʶؾ͵ͷӦˡ

һɽ̺ȴиȻĺļֻе峺ס

ʺҩЧʲôġ

̽е൱˳ϾǵһˣҶٷҲûôţѾôϣᶯͱ߳ĴܣׯǱҲǵݣÿ趼ᳵ··ûŪŪơ

Ҷٷֱ˯ˣׯһߣĲݺ̺ӣɹů̫ССĺ࣬è

߾ħĺˣׯҶٷ׻֣۾΢΢ĿԽΣұò£Ǿ͵˼ǺŵˣҲȾָǡ

Ҷٷû˵죬˸˯ȥ

ҶٷߣҪǸļһҵˣׯ뵱С˾壬ֱӸһֹˡҰ޿Ľ磬ֱ뿪

ԼĪһһӰҵҶٷ˯ĵطҪͺȻһǿԵĽ絲סϹ·׵ž

̶Ŀ΢üͷҲûһ£ֱ׳һҴСĺɫ壬Ҫǽ磬ڰյԥƬ̣˻ȥǿͻƵĴ㡣

ˡ

ǿŪƽ磬ǻᾪŵ½֮ˣԭصȴҶٷΪļһ١

ԱϯضĿҶٷ˯棬ſţȻһ

ǴҶӵϵ͸ղŲ̫һЬӵİԼ죬

бҶٷ統ӣС̺ӣƺҲ̫ԾҶԼĶϾΪһǽˣһҶӾסƵԼŴӵģʱôֻһ㲻ôı̺ӣ

ĪǸׯ

̶ԱߵСӣֺӱҲŲˮһֱ쵽ҶٷϢĵطнӡ

ޣȻҶơ

ԥ̶ٴͳǺҴСķע˴͵ˤڽ֮ϣ

أ

һ̻ըֱӽҶٷˣһͦ

ʲôôˣׯô

ɫȹ׻

Ҷٷֻһ룬óе㷢ɣղʲô

ûʲôɫ㣬̶ҲӲǼһЦеˣҶӣ˯һͬؼɽϢɣĺ㡣

ŶҶٷ˸Ƿ۾վȻ˻ȥУϻоܱ֪

̶ҶٷݿܣʱҲ˯

Ǿȥ߾ħɡ

̶üͷš˴֣ôżһĺ˺͡ɾ˺ܴ󹦷ŴｫȻڻȥ

û취Ҷٷ֪޲ԵԴƺе㽡ˣٴʵӣô

ĺȥ

ŶҲȥٻءҶٷͷׯأ˵ҪҼ壿

壿̶ҧظһֽճȭǴɡ

ǰҴӦġҶٷǳʵػش𣬡㿴ôһͲˡ

ˡ

ŶҶٷͷָͷ㣬ׯ뿪ˣĺʱܼ߾ħɾ̫ԶȻٴοߵ̶üͷʲôӣ

ļϵĶڣƫƫصԶӶ󣬾Ȼʲô

̶һλشͬһ⣬ֻǳʱȴֱһ䣬

㡣

ңʲôҶٷԼǬϧǮǻˣѾҶҴүǮˡ

ʱ䣬ʥҲңҲ˵ҲǸöǱȵĻƿɾ˯λ

ӣôԶ㣿º̫ˣǻ𣿡

ĻҶٷԺˣѿڶֻǱԹƻϲϱ仯ɵĿܺʵƫ룬̶Լźá

̶ĶУȴ˴̶һ˼ҪЩԷƱԱĻϡ

˵ˡ

æҶٷĻͷ۲ѣһѽ˻ס֪ԼĿԣ֪޹ģ֪һж㣬˵ˡ

οһ̶֮ͨԳЦЦֻ֮̾Լ˵Ļͬ˵Щһǰɡûϵģ͵˸̫õΣǡĳһˣجˡ

ӦģĳĬҶٷ类ûҲû˵

Ϣ̫̫ӣˡ

ⶼʲôʲôأôֱʲô˵Ķͦ鷳ġ

ΣҶٷļʾԼſ

ӣȵҺˡ

Ǹ

̶ĬĬŲţǸǿĺų㡭һҪԼ߾ħ𲻿ô

ǵȻ

Ժأ

ףҽⶾҶٷЦҪ֪ƾĺ˵ҽƶǲܳױɾġ

߾ħʲôˣ㲻֪Ӧġ̶ɫأ

ҪӮúöԺأҶ͸ˣҲŲҪ

̶𣿡

˵̶Ϊǣ

 
лҪ˵
ȷҪʮߵġҶٷȴˣһĸ˵ʮֱֻЦ
̶ҲȡЦԼһ̧ۣȴƼҶٷޱȡ˿ٵ飬λҶ֮ǻѶġ

39 
Ҷٷ糹ѾƵʱ, ڼɽɽµһСջ, סǮѾ, ϰѾ
ǣͼ֮ǰ£ﲻһƬհףԼģӡ
ϸȻԻ䣬ϡǵãһʼǱׯܣʲô׷̶֪֮˵ʲô, ᵽ߾ħ𡭡
ȵȡ
Ҷٷ͵һ鸴ӵصͷסԴ
ô񻹱һȥˣΪʲôɶ
Ȼ˵ʲôǲ, ʱԼӦʶŬǲˬôҲ˵ʲôĻ, ˵κκûôͱأ
ʶеӡ, Ҷٷ۲鿴յ˼Բͬ˵ǧﴫ
һ𿪿ׯҲߵģгע, дԭ򡣱, ɾ, ƺ, ֮ġǺЩҩЧĸйصĶ
ͬĸãеʱҲҲ֪ԭģЩǾļ飬Ѿó۵ġ
ҶٷһȻҳƿҩֽд˷ֱָá
ϸȥᵽǵĵҩЧһЩƺ߾ħµĹƶ壬Ǻǲˣֱ뿪ȥ߾ħˣԸҶٷ确ʵЩҪܡ
Ҷٷͷܣǻ
ٿڶǧﴫ̶ġ
ƺһʼֽţ²׵ַʽ
չأ
ò˵ĺ̡ܼûҶٷеЩƪۣһЩǶǵĻ˲ӵ̬ȸı䣬еС
Ҷٷ绹Ǿ飬ûף˼鿴
Ҫһŷ˵ǡҲ̶Ӧ߾ħһκȥչصģǴαչرӦ
Ҳڱչڼ䣬ǵսʵԵߣ˼ѧ˾ʲôġ
һգꡣ
ꣿԼûڵݼˣ
Ҷٷü֪Щˬ
ӦΪ˼ĹϵӰɣƻеˡ
Ͼֻһ룬ԵĻ취ȥѰ°벿ɣҲҵõĶ
ţҶٷֲ鿴˵ǧﴫ
ĺ˵ġǸԼҩͣ˳㵣һԼδǲǳʲô£ҶٷյϢظţԽ˻ɽ
ȻǳסˣԼֱܵɡ
Ҷٷһ£ԥϼ죬Կ߾ħ𣬻ȥδãһ
˭
͹٣ղŷԸĶ
ңҷԸʲôˣԣӦԼ̶Ըģ
ҶٷɻȥţЦݵСỴ̈żĲȣ˽ˡ
СֽúܣݾͰѼ̲˷£˴뿪Ҷٷţһ룬ͱһֵֻסˡ
Ҷӡ
һֻ޳ָ֣ɢŵҩ㣬ҶٷƼˣ㽫ƿվſڹº޺Ц⣬û뵽㣬ˡ
ĺˡ
Ҷٷȫûɺϣһ£Ƿ˽ˣ¹ţͿػ˸ЦҲǸס£ų극ͻҩ®ءˣҪҪһţ
ĺ˳һû³Զ˼ֱץס
֪ҶٷЩš
ĺĿתض۵û˿Ц⣬һ˲ȻսҶٷľᡣ
Ҷٷ磻
ͻȻܶϺëʶ㿪ɴ۽ǿǰЩˣ桢ˣ
ĺšüȾˣ
Ҷٷһ죬˼Ťͷͣǰ컹죬һѣѾˡ
ΪʲôȾƣĺ׷Ϊô
ҡ
ҶٷһȻӦ˹Ϸ
͵͵뼾ɽ͵Ⱦƣˣ˵ҪȥȥȴǸ¶ڼɽɽţĺ˽ĵط
ĺԼǲ鳡ʧ⡢鵶ˮֵСꣿ
ҶٷʹۣԽԽĺˣɫԽԽ죬һ޴ģҡûꡣ
һϷһƣ֮ǰĺ˲ǾܾԼ˾ôô־ٶ᣿
˵ĸ齫βƺǱ״ĺ
ţűͻȻһ죬ءһըѿľмڷڿҪҶٷʱ;赲ڵء
̳ɢȥҶٷ绹ûü˭;öһһɫӰֱſµĺԵĺ˴һš
ԡ
Ҷٷ۾¿ȥﻹʲôĺˣ
ɾ߾ħڴ
ֲøղŸо
һˣԼأֺȻץסˡ
ߣ
ĺˣ
ҶٷԼе㱻ˣ⵽ô£
ĺɫţֵǣ·͸ղŲһˣһץֱۣһֱȾܣֱӽĶ
˿ջˣô˴ܣҪֱӲ˰ȥûˡ
Ҷٷֱӱˣ̲סͷ󿴣Ϊʲôɾ
УΪʲôֻǷԼһµɾôƴԼ߾ħ
ĺô
ħĻĺһҲҷɵشֱҩ®ȥղǲǼٰҵӣҶӣǲҡ
Ҷٷһ㶣ѸҵԼϷ·ǡôءšһ¶Щʧį顣
Ҿ˵ôܡ
˵һ룬ʱס仯һЦ
ĺץ첲սһ֣Ȼע⵽ˡ
һɽһˬʵЦԶת۾͵˶ߣҶٷԴֱ죬ͷĿѣЩվȣʱĺ˷ס
̧ۼ䣬һŨĺѾǰסȥ·
ɾˣ
ͷѸٻҶٷԺæͷȥƺ˵ˣҲȫ˿
һߣ߾ħѾ֣һĺˣֻܼڽء
ֻĺһ˻ãսﻹиսҶٷ磬ֻǿء
Ҷٷĺ˵߾ħ𿹺⣬ܿҪ·磬ʱɾѾˣȻܼʱϵΪԼۣҲֻʤ㡣
ûԼǸ˵ЩϾĺǸۻġ
ۿ߾ħǵսӿһĺ˴Ҷٷɾҷб̶Խǧһ䣬ħ׳һֱȡĺ磡
ʱ
Ҷٷ͵شĺĺǰӲǰһεĶûһ룬Ҫ˵ǡ
ʹϮ˲䣬ľۣƹǰɾ߾ħ

Сģ
߾ħɾͬʱֻǺڸղȣжгٻûü
ˡһҶٷħŵġߡŷȥۿžҪصҶٷڡ
߾ħĶӳ̶ȣˣ
ҪƽЯսνͬ顯˺ǿЦҵӲȤ
ҶٷӦ߾ħָһħɳһӡûҶٷģʶӡǣһĺɫ߱ٴι˷򣬴ĺ˵Ķġ


40 
ѾӿƬѪҺ, ʪҶٷ, ʹȴڴʱɢһɶ, ֻʣִС
Ҷٷ׼ʱչֳ޴ģתȥȻĺˣ۶飬桢ˡԲҡ
߾ħЦǿĺϷֻ֪һһ⻤ûҴ, ȴĵӣ
༰ʱΪԼֹѪٴ߾ħһ, ŭǱܵ˼
ˡ
µҶٷ绹ȷһʹתơƽĹǷĺЧ, 浣
ĺû˿Ӧ, ǹЦݵһƬȫȻĿհףеͣ䣬ĵؿԼļ
, ûѪ, û˿, ȴӿһǰδеĴС
ʲô
ֳ︡ãȻ, ̽ԼļȻ̵ֱƵջָָ䡢ֱۿʼӿһ޷ƵĲ
ҶٷŷƽĹЧˡ
ǰĺˣʲôаһ㣬ϱʷ׳ʣǾ۾ͫڿšе㲻ĴȻľ̸ӵ
ʹࡢϲʹ໥ìܡûйγ֣ȴֻһ˲˹ɣ·۵һȥٿŤ
ȫǸеģԼҶٷǸĺˡ
ʹʲôģ
ӤʹӦǻ޵ģޡ
ĺҲʼˣ˶ˡˣѹʮľ֮飬ؼգǿ˻ԼϣץԼͷ·¶һߴţһ߷Ұްĺ
ǳӤĿ޺ţҰʱȫ
Ȼ׼Ҷٷ磬Ҳŵˣԭأһ£ջظղŵ
⡢ô۵Լļ˿ڻѪѪȾһѣôҲǶ󡢶µ˿ڣûԼҲᷴӦ˾ҡ
Ϊĺǵһθоۣ
Ҷٷ죬ûһԼԣָֻĬԥҪҪж˵ĺȻ̧ͷ˫Ѫͨġˮ۾ͬ޷ѵצץԼá
ⲻǸ˽ҽⲻκһʶġ羴ĺˣԲǡκһ˿һĻֻ뷨ţܾϡ
ҶٷҲȫȫرˡ
һߣ߾ħɾƺҲߵĶ˲עʱĶˮ˺ܶ࣬ʱʱ߿߾ħ޵ĺģͼߵҡ
ǽ˺üĺˡʲôģͼĺѹֺ֮һҶӡ
Ҷٷ糯ȥվԭز֪ηӦ
㵽ʲôͣ¸ղŵɵŲ
ĻģĺĶ
Ҷٷֻǰһ˾ͱˡĺ˵ĶƺΪ˴̼ȷҪ˼ֹƺƴȫ
߾ħ׷ɾʱһ£õʱô˺棬׷ȥʱĺѾҶٷ˼ɽҩ®֮С
ɽһͬµģҪƻȻ⵽ҩ®֮˵ķɵĴսòʧ߾ħֻա
Ҷٷ类§ڻ;жƽĹԸżʹˣʹһϮͲ۵ιȥҩ®Ϊȥ֮ģּĺһԣȻƱܿҶٷʶķ䣬ɽȥ
Χ·ҩͯԽԽ٣羰ҲԽͣһּСľǰ
ˣǣ
ʧѪе࣬ҶٷɫҰף˵ҲеƮˣĺȴûд𻰣ƿţ˽ȥ
ľڵĳǼ򵥣ľǽľľΡľ¼ܣЩ豭̨ȵɢĳƷ
һϴ裬ҲľƵģҶٷ类ĺ˷ţ˴ߣʱۻѣθиǿˡ
ΪֹѪ˿ڲѪҺɾӦҲûж
ĺƺָѰģֻ۾Щ죬شԱߵ嶷񣬴ȡһ״˵ߣ㿪ʼΪҶٷ
·˿ڱϴΧƤȥѪۣСϪƵѪҲһֹסˡ
Ҷٷ翰סʹҧȴæһĺȴȻ̧ͷ۾سЦˡ
ǵģЦˣԵĿĵЦʲôϲ£Цݱûʲô⣬ֻǷµҶٷŵóѹ
ˣ
ҶӣȻҾΪ㽫
šлˡ
Ҳлл㡣ĺսմˮָգذţ˫ˮҲ⣬·עŴֿˡ
ҶٷûжҲûˣղŵƽĹķ˱Ԥиϵ˿Ҳ֫
˵ʵ飬Ҳе顣ϵֻظţʲô䱦һ㣬֪˼˿ϡҶٷ籾۵һð亹ʱʶض˶
ҶӣղһɷңǷʧѾõġƽĹ
˵ʱĺ켸Ҫ׵ˣ˿úܽҶٷ米ڴߣһҲҶֻüѵ˿ڿˮͷ
ĺЦݸ΢Щ֪ڻζʹУǼģڵҶӣǡ̫ɰˡ
ɡɰ
ҶٷԼеĺ˵˼·ˡ
ѵԼٶһǸϰһʲôʹУ
ĺôϲŰоĻ˼ҶڰˣǴӦһҲûϵٺ٣ԼҲȫȥˣܵġ
Ҷٷͦɰصĺ쿪ڣѰ˼ֻҪڣԼһӦ
͵Ǳʱչˣ
ĺЦһŵİϡ
Ҷٷͷȥϱ亹Ūһ䡣
ȻǲԼ˵˼
գգۣ޹ĺ죬ֹ
˻
ۣ
еĺ²ûеĺһԵؿʼΰˣЦģʵº飡
һûƺǾķʽ̫ԣĺ˰˿ŤŤ
ͺӲܲקһקŤһŤʹ
ȻϾܲĵطҲҶٷѪ⡣
ҧţ۵ҲȷҶٷ亹৵ʣ۵ޣȻȴסˣܶҲҶֻűֹѪ˵˿ٴȾһƬ
İҲһ˳
ֱһ£װγҶٷһҽУѪ罦һѪɢڴϡǽϣҲĺ˵ϡ
ѪٴαֹסֹѪҩۣɫģƤɼǵ˿ڴȷŰγʱۡ
ҶٷԼҶ˴˿ڣԼĺҽµģ˺ԼҲԼֹѪû취ɱܷ·辭ӣôҲͣ
ҶӡҶӣĺߵͳ೤ƵİʵܲסĻһǸƽĹɣȥ޷˿ڡ
Ҷٷ磺
˵
װʲôװô˰


41 

Ҷٷ統, ٶ׳Ǹά趼Ҫˡ

׼ĺ˼ϲ, Ƭ̺, ĺȷڲû, ȴȫû޵˼Ц

ԽЦԽġ

Ц, Ҷٷ綼е㻳Լǲô, תƹȥĵʹǵЦѨ

, ܻˣҶٷ֮, ֻǸͨ, һ㶼ϲ¡

Цò๻, ļ́ͷڵ۵һ˿⡣

, Ҷӡ

, û£ģ, Ǹˡ

Ҷٷ綯˶촽û˵ֻصͷ

֪ǲǴĺ˶ԴԼ̬ƺת, ỹһᣬȻ, ǲ㡮ˡαװȥƺǱЦЦ, ޾ͿˣϸҲҵﲻһ

˿ڱһΣҶٷûҶҩϡĹ̽е쳣˳Ǹ˿ϵ

ҶٷɫЩ԰ףĺ˻ضЩȥ

ƺǰʾԽάָʱ䣬عǱġ

Ҷӣͳסɡһж꣬ƽĹٴжϣϴֵĺ˺Ȼڵ

˵˼ǣ

ҶٷȻ˲̫õԤУԼǲΪ˽ӽĺˣˣ

ĺ˶һɾˮߣһΪ任·ȥѪһ߽ҶõѾʧ˵ҲǱƹаǱ˷δʧǡҶӻã²Ҷܳܵġ

Ҷٷžе¶صͷ

ȻֻҪڣҶӶصģҿ԰æ㲻Сı֪ˣҲԸⱣҶӡĺЦЦǣҶٷ֣˵ԵĻٷ磬㣬ԸҽΪ𣿡

Ŷ°

£

ҶٷЩȫû׻ô͹յˡ

⡢ѵǣ˵еġ

ΪԼƽĹĺʹʲôоԱʹ֢ŶꡢԸŤѹ˵ĺ죬Լ

߼ôоﲻ̫ء

ǰװĺиоҶٷ磬úˡ

ˣǰƥ֡

֮ǰĺᣬһʼ̽ҲֻŷԷԼŻ޼ɵ֪ӭôһҶٷǴҲǳϷˡ

һĺƺЩȲˣսЩһֳǽڣֱƽһ֣ٷ磬㻹Ը𣿼ҽʧ̬ģ֮ǰ𣿡

һһ䣬Ӳ̽ΪʰǿӲ

㲻ٸ𣿶ʧ

ͦǰǼٵ

Ҷٷ磬𣿡

Ҷٷһҡͷġ

ǰĺˣĺ飬Ҳϣ˸ж

Ҳ˺µġ

̬ΪͻȻת䣬תΪΣҶٷ֪ԽͣƾԼ۽Ҳ߸ϵط˵飬תԼȴ֪

һжΪĺʹ֢ΪǸʹתƵƽĹ

뵽ҶٷȻȻˣҲ˿

ĺˣ˾ҩ޸ˣİԼҲΪǰоǰδеǿУʲôˡ֮İ⡣

οҶٷҲԼϲĺ죬֮ǰǷϤϵжҲֻǸжůѣǴĺᵽԼҪĶ

ЩŅ̀ͷǰӣֱ˵Բ𡭡ˣ֮䲻ҡܺΪ¡

ͻȻͣΪǿʢ֮˵Ŀѹǵصش㸲ҶٷĿһܵЩո̽θҩˮȫ³

ĺˣˡ

Ҷٷ̧ͷ˫ģ˰ĹâҲ֮ɫȾ

ˣ侲ħģ

æѣһ

ΪʲôϴӦأƽδˡǵһڡĺ˶ؿĿѣ𵴣ΧľʼҾ߶Ųͣ·ʱҪѣΪʲôأΨһġ

ˣ

Ҷٷɫһף﷭˵

һǿĺΪɢɢӣٴС

ľݵŴѾѣΰҲһķѣΨľµĴȵţҶٷ紭ȥŷľݺʹֻǱ渲ľͷʵԿɵеĸƳɣľм£¶ĺɫ塣

㱼Ҷٷеȷᵽĺ궼ѹ֣ڼɽϵƫƧһСӣĲʱͶԶȥչء

ѵǸ׼κ˿չõķӣ

ĺħԼҲ̫ܣջɿҶٷ磬ķݺ뿪ˣʱһ仰

һתġ

ҶٷڣԶϢһʱ䣬ǿ˴

ȻľѾ˫ĽΧĺµ棬Ҳ޷

Ҷٷ̾˿һֳϣŲŽŲݡ



ĺˣˣ

ʲôĹȻһΣյ°

Ĺ̶ֱչȥˣɾûиԼʶӡǣ˲鷳˼ңȥ߾ħ˵·ϣһʱҲûԼ߾ħ𣬸ôȺܣԼʹˣŸղҲֻԼ˴ܣҶңնϾϵ

ҪҪʥŵͬʦֵһ£

ұĺˣ

Ҷٷָ˴˰ɣ˼ĺ˾նԱ˳ŵ

ҶٷʹԼڵˡҲֱ֪ĺ˵ȥû˻ţҾˣԼҲҲġ

ĺֲɵ

߾ħ𣬽ĺأϾҩЧӰʲôģĺҲһ

Ҷٷصſ飬ͼЩĳ·ܾܲ͹ԹԱԴС

ûɴʹĺ죬ǸԼһ۾㲻˵ԡˣ̶һ涼롣

ˣҲ̫ʣĺ˱ʲ̬Ǳ̬˵㣬ôҲǾ˵Ĵ򣬽ľҲ˴̼ħסԺ뿪ءʱǸĻڣ

Ҫ

ҶٷӻǬ˼Ƭ̣¶ģ˼ǧﴫ

һѩȫϯҴɾΣ˵Ѿ֪ʵˣǱĺ˷֣ҹÿɾʵݣҿŲסˡ

ڶߣߣ֮ǰõҩ񶼰װ˷ˣĺ˲ڲҩ˸ɾҪҵѪƽҩ²˳٣Ҿڼɽأ

ԼʥŵʦҲʦҲСƽĹ˲ŷǽоǿĺڰҹ˵ҳȥˣûаʦң黹ÿ춼䣬ʥиѾʧĹ

߾ħ𣬡ħħıĺ˴Ϊʲô˵Ǹ˵пӴҲҲң

ȥҶٷЦˡ

Ȼе㲻úü˶ȥĺ鷳ʲôġΪܴӳȥָҲѡˡҪֱȵȷûãǱһЩϹѻñںĶΪʲôģкܴʳɹġ

ɾȻѾˣ
 
лҪ˵
Ͳס˼㣬飬ֵģʦȻºܾˣ˵ʵɲ⣬ĳ֣˵ʮ֮ϡ
߾ħͺУһͷҵˣȤʼ顣
еĻûûٰĺ˹Լװô

42 
֮, ҶٷԱеС, ¹ַſڵӡ
ֻ֮ǰڼɽӲ̫һ, һηģҩ®ҩͯǣֻĺһ
Ǿ׼˵ģһһ׿ιţҶٷֻҪӿӹʱϿСصСߣǷʥ˳·Ĺ顣
·һһµػŴõĲϣϵȵĿʽ, Ψһȱ̫ѣÿÿˡ淴, ͱĺգΪ˱ⱻֻ
ҶܶƿΪްɡĺû, ΪһЩʵĹ顢Ĳ, һգΪѾǿܹƻĽ磬Ҿͷ뿪
˵úܺġ
׿ҶٷԼΪֻ, ĺ˺ܿͻΪʮ֮һ̸Ļ, ǿ, ϣء
Ҷٷޱر˸л֮, ֱӰڰֱʾ˰ɣΪħΪܡ
ҲվԼ壬Ҫã̿ȥԼ
ʱ÷ɿ죬ҶٷľݵĴ͵͵Сڣ֪Ѿȥһ¡һ£˵˵Ҳ̣ܵĻʱû죬һͷ
ûټԭһףרϰ˼ħΪȫޣ໥ײһصɪ߻ħıԵ
򵥵ħҩЧ͹ƶѾˣҪħ˫޵壬ڵʶȵȵĵҪķѴ
ǻһˣڷ߻ħһøˡĺȰüۼ۲٣İҪˣ㲻߻ħҲʲô³ٷ磬ǹԴ˱ô
Ҷٷһʱûתգգۣɻ
㣿ҸŰĻӦø¶û͵ϮľΧһһ»ذطòŶ԰
ĺ콫ĳĬΪķܾ̾һ뿪
֮ҶٷŴĺЩ鰮С˽⵽ʲôС˺ԼԷԻ·
ԵħӲɡħ;Ե¼٬꡷ޡ
µĲЩСݣҶٷһʱ򣬷Щ飬񶼲ȫµģÿһ˷ĺۼ
²ڴӿµĻѧϰ
ѧѧɣµǣЩƺΪͻ̼УΪ򣬳˸ŰŰĵľ飬СݡӲϹʲôĶͼģʲôɹǡϽ𵤡ֽŽΪİ¹ⱻѪ֮ؿھ飬ҲһԻ·ʧԺͿʼŰȻЦſõĶԷʹ飿
̸пӣ
ҶٷһѽСˤڵϣñŽĺײ˸š
ĺ߽һЦˮ
ҶٷһŵٴС
ٷǲϲЩһͷͻЩµͼȥӡ
Ҷٷ磺
ʲôӣⲻǸղǻǶԻеĵ˵𣿣
ÿնеơ
ƹ̣ۣȻ۵ģϵһֱûȬΪжĺǰϴ߾ħħ˿ڴҶٷħ˻
ƺæ
Ҷٷ̽˾䣬һĺ춺ľݵʱԽԽ٣ڣѾǲҪˣҲҹûǼ춯˫޵ļơ
ĺƺûЧСЩӲϹ˼
ĺ켸Ҳ֪ǲǼӹ̹һ㣬·Ҷٷǧﴫʯ󺣣ûյ̽׻Ҳûʲôİ취˽
ҩĶһ٣ĺ˳ĬƬ̣á
ƺǲ͸¶Ϣˡ
Ҷٷֻգ졭
ĺҡҡͷΪһ𿪼ı㻹ٶһЩɡ
֮⣬ǽͲʹƽĹˣŵۣʡŵ㱾Ͳ
Ҷٷ촽û˵Թɺá
ϲĺæǶôۣЩӶĺʹУҪΪһݵ¡
ǾǣԴնĺʹƽĹٱסĺ˾ͷ·ǴʲôĿءͻ˷
һһ˻˷ܵʱ˷ܡ
ȷ˵ΪҶٷ确ơʱڵĹƳħҪϵ˿ǲãÿÿҶٷԼ۵úߺ߽еɱʱĺ˶顢˷ܡԵעԼ
ȻﻹӦ
ǵģɶķӦ˶ǿʲôͼ֮еķӦĺڰŪʱӦֺѳֲסǰֻһܺܳԵӣֱӸ¹ҹˣ
Ҷٷп˵ֻܻƵʹƽĹϾṹƣ˾û̫Ӧˡ
ӡӡӰɡ
һ棬ĺȻʲôҲ͸¶Ҷٷ絹ǿ˵ġ
ĺԽԽæһ㣬ڶ㣬䷢ĺƺˣһһ
֮ǰͳȥЩǧﴫЧģ˭ĺ鷳ȷȷʵʵӰˣֻĺΪʮ֮һĵط񿹴һͨѹӰ첻
㣬ĺ˵Ϊƺһδ˲١
ۿžҪԼԼõӣ˵Խʱʣò࣬ԽֺݣڵҲὫԼҳȷԼҩܼʱҩЧӦĸá
ĺΪҶٷ磬ȴԽˡ
Ϊĺ֮£û۽ߡ߾ħɾӦûֵģ˵սһƬˣĺ첻ܳŵڡ
Ǳ˵ĺǽڡǡ̶ģдʾǡǡ̶һǿ֡
һһ㡣ʱĺһʰһ˵Ҽǵһֱָƶʱļ䣬ٷ磬ƳѾǳˣڳõʱͺúϢɡ
Ҷٷصͷлˡ
ĺתһįıӰʲôʱҵĳƺܴơҵ䣿
ߡ
ȵշݵʹƣϣĿĺ뿪Ҷٷ˼·ƿҪĴƿİӣ¶һɹһͨĵض
ضһڿҿһýٳģ̫ĺ췢֣û߼ֵؽʲô
ǳĺ챾޷Ľ磬ǧﴫղˣʲôɸ봫飬úǳסҶٷٴضԼڶ̡
ڳصܣҪڵصܣûɶڵˡ
ܲһ£ĺǷԼܳɹһˡ
һ졣
ٶһʱ䣬ͿԽĵضˣʱٽںһܼˡ


43 
ڶ, Ҷٷ, ùź͵ĺ˻Լָ䡣
ԭҵ߾ħ, ħֱӰæģȻǰкʵĻָܻҶٷɴӦԣܲл
ڵȵĺʱҶٷע⵽ûԼҽþߡ
ˣ
ͣһΣΪָĻռúܶʱ䡣ĺҪĶͷһḧ, ̧ٷ, ׼𣿡
Ҷٷס˵ĳ嶯סšһ
ⳡԻաҪҪҪ붴һ
ԽԽĺˡ
ҶٷеĲ̫һһĺ˷, Сľǰ, ڡ
ҲûҪԡ£ûиҩ֮ࡣ
ҶٷҪģֻ, Ȼȵĺ˵õʱ
ҪѰļֻ, һ¹, һڻ, һΣǸո뿪ʳת¥ʱ
ȻҶٷٴۣȿģȴеļ䣬ԼףԼ׵Լ
תͷĺǣԼվ࣬翴ǰΧ˷·𿴲ǣҲ޷Ļ֮Уĺ˳˻е͸ˡ
֣ץҡ
ĺ˵ţǣҶٷǰȥǰľҲŲϱã𽥴׵ļ䣬˳ʱơ
˲ʱҶٷɫվס˽Ų
ȥСȫ䶼Ҫĺ˿ˣǱ顣
ĺ˼ͣعͷƽвϣҿĶô
ȻˣһţòûʸҪʲôģȻΪءȿȣҶٷӭ˵Ŀ⣬ԥƬ̻ǵ˵ͷ
ȻþԼļ䲢ÿһϸڶ֣ٺܶԺ֮޹ؽҪ֮¶ѸȥǷҳ鼮ֻһ
ûϵĺЦЦͳͣ˲Ծ¾裬ҵ۾סɡ
ģһɫĲҶٷԣȷڹ۾
ĺҶٷһЩΪ˷Ҷٷ綯ⵥϥ£Ҷٷ翿ЩδȻƳԶһӰ
ף
ĪϤҶٷ綯һ٣ʶͣ¶ŽֵǱߵкϸͼݡ
ǰһƬããѩأպͣڲʮԼڱˮȵʱ򣬶ǰԼѾ־壬ƤӴܣҪ˯ȥˡ
û뵽ĺ˵Ļʱ鶼ܸԭʱԼȻ۾Ѿǰ˯ѣʲôˡ
ǰϿӰҲģģҶٷŬȥֱ߽ҲԷ
ΨһܿģǸ˵ĴΣϵЦ⣬Ρ
Ǹӣ޳һźѩıϣȴû˿ӡҶٷǰԵĺקһԵѩϣֵ֮˵Щʲô뿪ˡ
Ҷٷɴ۾ôҲû뵽ԼġȻˡ
˺ȻԼקǲԼ壬ͲǺôˣ
ΣȻһͬ塣
дʲôʲô
Ҷٷſһĺɫ֪߬塣
һ̣ϵֺȻ׵Լƴ۾СС߬ס˵½ǣͼ¡
£ܿͻˡ
껹뿪ˣ½˿Ӻг룬ۼҲû£ʱ̤ѩ޺۵뿪
Ҷٷ翴ˣ桭šĽݡ֡
Ľݣ
͵һ𾪵תͷͬǻþиոջߵĺˣָ΢΢ţĺ䡣
ͬһö壬ͬšĽݡ֡
ĺˣĽݡ
㣿
ĺ˿û˵ֻЦøˣٷ磬ˣ
ûֻǿˡ
ҶٷȻ֮УҡҡͷԲ𡭡Ҳ֪ҡ
ĺ컹˵۾ȴȻڲˡ
ҵҺܸмǶԲһǲܰм䶼㿴
ĺˣ
ΪȷĺĿˣҲûӹ۲ΧҶٷյĺǰ·˼Ȧ˼Ȼְ·ϡ
ĺˣҶӣŵ֮ˣ͵ļ䡣ǡˣһλġ
Ҷٷ磺ȿȡ
ǰȥļúܿ죬ûã͵Ҷٷʱ
Ҷٷ翴˿ڼĻУսͲᷢݣֻԼ񾭲ŷ
֮󣬾ơűƶƺļ䡭
ʲôЦ
ҶٷıܿĿɿڴɵץɱˡͷأڼµĴ̼¿ɣޱ飬ֻȲ迴羰
Դհ׵ԼؿڣãĻڣ̶ûĵĿôصĶӱԼˣƷ֮˵û桭
Źϣ
Ȼ㱧ʲôһĺӲѵ˵ʲôеûģ
Ҷٷһٴλعʱ𻯵ɵ̬
ԼҲҪȥ
̶ֲܾԼ̬ȺϺֵֹġ
߳ҶٷɫѾͷ׻ع˻ҰһƬƵ΢ЦϣӲĺˡ
Լ˵Щ±ʱĺ˾һʲôĸ㲻ϴ̼
ʱ䣬ĺ뿪ѾһҶٷһ߶ԳԷһһԡ
רһģҶٷҲֻڸʥʱѧ˸ԵĻС
ʱ˺ͣҹӵĺʱ
ˣҶٷһţǴԸˡѾƺ쳾ټľ𻰣ò豭ѹס
֮󷭷Ǭ֮ǰʣµЩ֥źʱ˸Լһģһ塣
ֻǿ񣬵ֻǸܡǡ
屻ڴϣԼ·ǺñӣαװԼʬ
ţҶٷʵںõĵصٶЩŲԭλסڣһȥһ߽ڳʣضڡ
һǴĵذ屻Ҳῴڵĵضˡ
ֻҪĵȴ
ȴĺ˷ġʬ塯͡顯
ɻأȴ糷£ҹ˾ʱ뿪ͺá
ǱʶˣĺҲֻãԼǲ뱻ҵװѿǵģѾʶһıˣʻԼˡ
һҲܿ쳷ȥĺ˻뿪ɽѰԼ벻Լ֮С
ֱƣ
þͺڣ֮ԶˣҶٷǶڵװˣҲ⣬ֻҪƽľϷͲ
ʱ仺ţҶٷѾ˶һ׼Ǭ׼һҩҪʮҲˡ
˭֪մûһĹͷʹһ졣

ĺˣ
Ҷٷ粻ȥ鿴ֻԹűְҲҳ֣ˣ˳㺬һšǡϢġ
ٹãһޱȵ춯
Ҷٷֵãоеƣ֣ôŶ˲һ죬;ֱﲻסĸоˣ
ЩĵҩֵȴһᣬŵˣΧҲ֣ܰ̽Աߡ
ڶʱǳŽıԵڵĳһֻҪ֣ȷǷڡ
ȻҶٷڽʵʧˣ
Ү
һ󣬼ɽɽҶٷ磬ؼգ
Ҷٷɱˣ
ûü뿪ʶһ𵴲ѣʮǧﴫѶϢڼϢ֮ӿ룬Щͷۡ


44 

űһ¶, ˭ôżһôϢ

ҶٷͷЪһᣬһʱûȥһ, 뿪˼ɽķΧ

뿪ʱ, ûװһ, ѹǵЩҩЧȻ˸ܺŪһ㷲˺Ϊϵ͵ʿĻ, Լ֮ǰĳʴͬ

뿪Ĺ̺˳, ҶٷһҲͣ, ֱȥƶ𾪵ķ, Լڶڵ, ȻѾˣ

Ǳ, ۾۾ģ˿֮, Ѿͻ, Ƕ棬Ҫ˭˺

ΪǻǾܺ, 

ƺԤп࣬ҶٷæҵؼӹΧ󷨣˳ݡ

ԭļƻҪһҲŻֺ, Ŷã£

ԡ

Ҷٷһ£˼Ƭ, һߣʼһһ鿴Щʶǧﴫ

󲿷ѾΪ̫û, Ϣȫʶ޷ٿʣµЩ̶һЩߺѩ߾ħҲ

͸ЩĴҶٷ˽⵽Լڼ䷢¡

ֿܶܣҲЩߴǻһţҲԼġȡ᲻ע⣬Ҳĺ˵ᱻ׸дҲе־ǰ

ȴôҲû뵽Ϊ⡮һ¡ʵһ£ʱ䡭Ѿȥ˽һ֮á

ʧˡ

֮Իϳһ£ΪĺÿһոԼҩΪ֮ԭǸ޴ԻǵĻþΪĺƭ

Ҷٷ粻û˵ֻǧ㣬û뵽汻ƭסܸı˶ʱ֪ĻǷǳѳɹģһҪʩΪߣһ̫̣Ҫ󷨡ҩ໥ϣ׳ɹ

תۼ䣬ȻѾȥһ꣡

ǵ˶ʱ䣡

ϸһ㣬ߵĵѾֻʣʮµʱˡ

һʮߵҲѾı䣬߾ħȻӵ˵ߣֻǰĲ̶ĺˣΪȥ֪ȺҲ֮ǰĵ˵ģһүүȥˡ

̶Ϊʮ֮һҲԶˣѾǺǰڡ

Ҷٷһһ£е鶼ǰˡ

̶ѾأΪͻͽ˵׷߾ħĺ˺߿һͺɱ˾ͼչؼ˼ɱֻ߾ħѾˡ

Ҳȥ߾ħĺˣǰߴǿߣΪҪˣ絽˵ǺĺΪһԴ״֡

ҲʥҶٷʦȽʵڡȥĺ̸˺üΣ֮֮һϡ顢ؼҩݡҶٷˡ

ǵģˡ

ͽܰĺǸԺҪĻģڵ㲻õΪʦѾǵĹģҲӦΪʦΪˣԺϲµʱΪʦϲŶǺǺǺǺǡ

Ͳʦ˧һ롭

߾ħͱȽϼˣ˭˭ѹûҶٷȥĺ˵鷳еû¶ʱ򣬺ҩ®ļ˫ˡ

˼ά棬˶ôɱɱ۸ˣֻ߾ħá˯ͽܡ۸ˡ

ĺܹˡ

Ҷٷ紦ֽԼ֮ǰҶҺʥóĶúãٴ뿪ƶûŰԼѾӳϢ߱ˡ

ʱޣðѼƻҲӿˡ

ɽҶٷǰеʾҵ߾ħĸۡ

벻ԶٽʱܿɽҰĺɫҶΪħ޵ĵ̣ҪЩȥǲҹĸƽ

Ĺݡ¥ҹеûҲģֻЩħҲܼ࣬ҲŰƾӡ²Σķ

Ҷٷ·ϣûԶƼԶ˶Źսѯʲ֪һȺڴһС͵

ҵħ޵ϣûôĹغɷ¶򵥴ֱķֳ࣬һ࣬ԸűˣǾ£һ࣬ǵһͬ⣬߸ŵˣǾ͸ô

ǣĹˣ¥ǣǳҲҵһ棬͵١ᱡŮƭ˺˵ġҲࡣ

ֽˡ뷢йԼ˶ǣĺܣͶѰЩô֮ˣһסˣȭ¾ͺ

ǳĳˡ

Ҷٷ翴¶΢Ц̲ס𳹵׸ĵħˣ̲סĶ뵽ҲԼһʼǸʺħġ

˼˴۵ɫڸҲ֮һʹ

ġ

ҶٷŶð亹ǽڶŵҩ£һڻָɫ

ҲѹֻôصķɣΪֻһµħȴһ꣡

һʱմݲԭеΪħ壬ħȴޣֱɱ֮ǰһֱûз֣ҲΪĺһֱø߳ҽڰԼѹƷɡ

뿪ɽãɾͼӾˡ

ټֻּ֣Ҫ˳ҵħģһоӭжˡ

ҶٷֱӴ֮ǰȺ߾ħ߽ٷһļƻֱǱ͵ᵽġħġ

ħķǱħģһڶѸħԼħĵķʵʽħ֡ҲͿΪһдıˡ

֮ˣһһ飬ʹӵӦ֣ҲΪ֮ṩ

ѰҶٷҲǲ״ֻ̬Ǳġ

飬ʱֵĸı䣬Ҷٷֱڳҹȵۿ߾ħ뿪ǰȥٴγ̶ܣֹ۲ЩʱȷǴѷ֣ڲˣųû˽ȥ

һΣҶٷٴûװԼαװַͷѩ

Ҷٷ緭ʶеǧﴫҵѩһȷɾѾһʱ߾ħк·ѩţʱסڳ

󲿷ֳ¶ǲƭǾԲҲоҶٷĶϢеԼϵħǿɥĲķӣҲֻѩʱħ˫޵֮ˣŻص

Ҷٷģѩǹǰװʳ˼̻ľ˳߾ħ޹ĿƬƬĺɫ·˵Ļ鷿ֻϲû٣͸Źɱ졣

Ȫˮֵֹߡйġ

Ҷٷҡҡͷûжൢ飬С뿪޹ŲʼʾѰҡħ֡

޹һ֮󣬴أܷһ˸ղƷİҡ

ҵڱرգҶٷСһŵļҹȥ˳ҵԼҪġħ֡Ҳ˳һϵмֵƵ䱦

û뵽߾ħϿʮ㡢ƸӣﾹȻǸղ񱣡

ħԭͺмֵӰĵر⣬ʣµһЩԡϡСΪͬղƷҴ󲿷ֶħòϵģħİг⣬ֻ˷ѡ

ñҪϬǣβˣͽΨһһϬղſֺñôһǧ꿪һεɽѪ÷˿ͺһͷŨںˣȴΨһһѪ÷ժֲ˭ԼҲãͲš

֮£пãϡղƷռСķݶֻĶ棬ÿնҡ֪ĽһƺҲ졣

Ҷٷ̾˿ħֺֽĿͶᵽı

ˣõƺ˼

οõ㶫ô߾ħһʱ䷢ֶأ췢֣ͲԼ˰

Ҷٷ߶ְæ߾ħһ¼ӣճһСţǳۣһžܿ

ħֻܼŷãΪħĵĹ̼ҪûŵİطȹźáҶٷ뿪ֱǰ֪ƶȶȹѵ⼸죬ټԼʣµļƻ

ƸڰŵĿϣصǰһ̣

 
лҪ˵
һǽ֮Ȼϸ΢졣
˭
Ǳ밵ҵЩײҶٷСƴӿŲһڻǰԺȴǺɡ
ʱ򡭡ô˽ħ޹

45 
ҵĸЧƺܺ, Ѱ, ˵ǽһߵ, ټһҶҼլҶٷվլӶߣֻҪ룬լ˭˵Լ
ϸȥʱȴֻع˼žһƬ޹ħʹӵĽŲ̸г޹ʱĴԶĶȫˡ
ΨһĽ, ǰҵȽ⣬, Ӧ
뵽ҶٷķɣŲ廻˸, ڰ߬ȭͷҲ, һ
ôղԼδģ
ֿԣҪô޴˰ͳһϸ΢죬쾪׻,
Ҫô, ˵ʲô, ʲô, ֱͨҵʯϷ죬һǽһˣûҶٷЩֱӴ򿪵ĻϣϣȻվԭذȴšӦ
ŷ˻ԭվţҶٷٴסСشսʯţԼĶ棬ͼࡣ
տΪõҩĺ䲢ʵãȻ޲ýͷȥˣ϶һǿ
Ȼ˽Ų
Ь̤ʯשϣ͸ǽڴҶٷСϸ΢죬ֻҪ뿪ǽڣͻ᳹
ˡ
ҶٷȻħ޹ŴƬë̺ӣûΪķ˲棬нŲ͸ǽڴ˶ˡ
ǣˣѹͲë̺ϣֱӲڵ档
磬ʾһСƬ򣬾ûë̺
ħȻʲô˽Լ޹µħҲʱΪħ׼ַͷƣѩˣҶٷҲǰ̽ȷϽȻħˣԶսôͽ
˼ǽһͷ˭ǽڴĽŲȻԽԽᣬȻʧˡ
ҲֻܵõһƬž
Ҷٷ磺ǣ뿪ˣ
Ҫٵһȷ϶ˣٳȥ
أʯǽȻٴδ
һεĽŲǰԲͬǴӺԶĵط֮Ƕˤڵѵ
Ҷٷϸ룬ҵĵطƺûʲôˤĶֻ޹ſڰڷһЩƿѵſˣ
ǡ
ϸϸĻҳͷ£ҵȻˣһӰѸ˽ûվִš
ƣ޲ƬҲ̬·͵±˷֣ʱΨһܲ˵ĵط
˭֪Ȿ֪ĻذңȻ˲˽ʱҲû롢ҲδسһͷҶٷ
Ҷٷ磺
ֵܣҲ͵ħģ
ôк̫ʰ
û죬ǰ˾ͺܿӾȵ״̬侲Ҷٷ΢Цһ£ʳָͣڴǰĶ
Ҷٷ죬Ҿ˵ҲҲʶֹԹԱ죬СĴǰӡ
Ŀһ£ŻɫĹͼٹˣƫƫƣ࿴һۡ;ЩŵĶˣת鶢ԼֻëȻٿ
˵ĳ࣬ü͸Źɺɫ԰׷ˣ۾ͬǽǳĻɫֻͫϸСһīɫŲˣǹ
һǳԼ΢΢ЦţҲ˿ů⡣
Ҷٷǳ˳飬Ӳ΢ЦѺôкȻһûƼԷκεǿһ¡
زˡ
ǰˣ۳ࡢʡϰߡڲ嵶ص㡭ᵽĹ±޶£
˾£ʮ֮еΨһޣ
ҲΨһһҶٷɸѡȴΪ̫׷һʼͱҶٷų⣬ǵߡ
߾ħ޹ڲŵǿšħ֡Ǵ˾Ӯģ
ʮڶ˾£ʱʲô
͵͵߾ħ޹
Ȼ˿޹ʱ͵͵һѱİ
Ѷ͵Ķ
Ҷٷһʱ临ӼˣԼϴˡ
ǡ˵֪߾ħİң֪Ҳֻʮ߼˲ܰ쵽ˣ˾£ѹûġ
ǰ˾±ˣҲûʲôС
ǡ߾ĺٲͬˣҲйɿѭŸĶֻҪ飬ҶٷаһԼķչѣҲǱĺһʱ䣬Σ
˾µĸΣϲΣΡȴἰ٣ҶٷûŪʮڶˡǹǸˣֻܸᵽֻƬ²⡣
ҲǸǵ²⣬Լ˾µ̶ȣҶٷʶ˹ǸӸ䡢Ÿ߼Ȥζĸˡ
û˾£˭˾ȴԼ
ʱǼᵽ˵ġɡ
ʵ츳ɡǡ̶
˾£ǻˣޣ벽һħЩħ
󲻾ǡ߾ĺ˷׷ʮߣ˾µĻΪ޼ڶʱˣΪڶߡ
еĻ˵޽еģͨɡħļߣްܼ
۵λɡҲԶ¡ֵֻ˾̶Ҫǿ
ʮߣָδҲȻȫȻµߴܡ˾£ΪΨһĹޣδǻʱҲʮ֮һ
ʮеˣŮ߾ħߡĺˡڳʱܹ˾µָ㡣
ΪʦΪǰżȻйһԵ֡
ƽʱôҪԶվ˾һȥ
̣ıԣ̶ȣֱǸɵ
˾´ˣ˼Ī⣬Ȼδʲô˰ѱ֮£絫Щ󶯾Щ˾޴ֻȴ˾ǧ˿Ƶϵ
Ǻ¹²ðĻǣ˾йһ֮Ե˾֮󣬲ͻȻַߴҩӡ
Ҫ̶ٽ𵤡һסһ·ϮΪʮ֮סʾ˳ǿġָΨһǡڣҶٷ綼Ҫ˾²ˡ
ᵽ˾µľʵ̫٣ҶٷǱǰ飬˾ĵ׼ȫȷûᵽ˾»ؾ顣
Ӧ˵гᵽ˾ºλߵĹϵ⣬ѹû͸¶˾ƽ٣Ǻ͡ǡ̶ϣҲ
֮䣬ҶٷԺ˼Ѿǰתǧأϵţʵȫ䱸˾Ҳʯǽˣվֱ壬ͷǡҲġѩ
ָһһ󵭵İ͸ɫſҰǸĽ硣
㡭
Ҷٷʶһһ
û취ղ̫ͶˣôͻȻ˵˵İ
˾µЦЦ¿ڵң
㣬¹вС
Ҷٷͷҡͷûа
˾߽һ΢΢ͷǿɰĶȴҶٷһëǳ毺õԴȻűߡ
֪ĺǶסʱͲܾ鰮СˣܾЩСͲᱻƼʲôիʲôʲôҹ̸֮Ķ
˶ٶ˾ѿЦ߾ħֱ͵ַ鷳𣿡
ˣ
Ҷٷһ˽ԭء
֪٣
һ䡮ַ鷳ȻҶٷ磬ʱԼǡѩʲô˶ٰѱܴʶѩͷϣѩҲַˡ
Ҷٷɴ۾ǰˣޣֻøղǾ仰ѰʻǻлİʾвҲΪ޿̫ˣӰӶûУ黹ôӲˡ
ȵȡ
ǹôǲ뱻˷֣ôнŲ
Ҷٷδ˾ٴο԰ָֽ̧Ŀڣ֮Ҷٷİ塣
ߵò˵Ļ˾¶͸Ҫ˰ɣ
͡һʯָȻγгʰҶٷţѪ罦
˾ǣƵӺʹ꣬Ѫɫ
Ҷٷ˲գҽУԼǿİңӾѵĲص㣬̿ɿ


46 
ʧѪڽ», ǰųĺɫ˻ʬ𼣵Ѫ͸ĺ赲ûŪవκζ

ҶٷĲҲס, վԭءӦ˵ǹԭ, , ԽӲۿȥ, ˾´ԼָѾȾ, һš

Ѫһͬ, Щʲôɫ, ˿˿, ɢŵĹâ

ġ, ȻʵģͽƵڳ

Ҷٷһ亹ֱðһѸľ, óƽĹ, ҪԼʹо׳˾µڡ

ͬһ˲䣬˾µһ, ڲϵȻսЩ˵Ĳֱϣ˫۾Ҷٷ磬µŭ⡣

Ȼ, Ҳû֣ͣؽһ, ȻҶٷ綪

ֻʣʹѸУǱһΪ, Ҷٷ˫˫ȶŶǿһߵļվ

ħ֣˾µĶ仰˵˾ΪħʱʱࡢԹħľô߾ħѾö֪˶ʱ˾ܸ֪Ҳпԭ

ǵ֪Լħħֱ͵һӦǽԼĵĸߡǸʲô˼ά·

ҶٷסԼĿڣͼֹѪˣնͷ·׻ȫ飬ٴεص档

ûޣֻ̼ҩ

̧ͷͬܵ˾£㾿ʲô

ֻɱˣȻҪô鷳

˾¡´һʼͷԼȴʵʱˡ

޹ⷢΪֹԼȥһ˷֡æҵģΪ˷ֹԼɣʯǽҲΪԼ͵͵Ǳ±˷֣Ϊȷ﷢һж˴š֪ȴʱӪ

һζʱ˾ϻһ˿죬ҲΪְﻹбˣǷԼ׷ٵˣȻѩģαװ

ſĺҲΪΪ˷ֹѪԭء

һƺһо˵ͨˡ

Ψһ޷²ǣ˾¡ΪλᶢԼôСɫģǴӺʱϵģ

Ҷٷʵ⣬ƶҲ֣鷳ˡ

˾ûлشֻħ֣㻹оȡ

Ҷٷ磺

˵

Ҷٷ缸Ҫ仰ˣĿѪ죬ұҪħԼõģõһ֣ҪܵĻ뿪ҸطҲ

񾭲

˵⼸䣬Ҷٷûˡ

֮ˣҲħҲգһ۳ģĲͬһġ

˵𵤡ԪӤ֮ģΪ֮ôġħģ͸ǻǱΪ壬һ𻵡ֻҪġħĻڣŻʶߣӻΪ߳Ĵܣֻǻήװˡ

Ҷٷ֪ΪߣʱȥģͷһΪҲûֻþоȰˡ

ʱ̵ħֵȷΨһĽȰ취

˵ҶٷǬȡշŽȥħ֡ͨ޹⡢Χ䰵ӣҴСӡ˿ԥؾӽˡ

û꣬ܲھ͹ˣڹ˵Ļõ»ΪҲȥˣ

Ϊһɢȥ֮ǰάתƽĹҲͬʱʧЧĵʹĿɢȫҶٷǰ󷢺ڡѩҲʧҶٷԭò¶

Ӧ˵Ǵź䣬ʵƤϸ۰·йҶٷ磬˾ǰ

Ҷٷҧڣ£Ȼ鴫

鴫Ǹ񾭲С

Ҷٷ硭Ҳ˼˾µڶ¶΢΢飬һʼϳˣ

µġ

ٲ²£ΪʲôȤ˾εӣĵشսȥҶٷԣһֻﻹŵ֮ƵİŪš

֪ôġ

Ҷٷһ䣬Ĭħִľ䣬Ҫάѣͼľ

˵˾Ҳ⣬մѪָסҶٷգ̧ͷԸҲûϵҶٷ硭ڼ֮ǰҲ˺ܾãÿ졢ÿ춼ڲ²⣬㵽ʲôõģֵΪֵġ

ǣ˭ǣ

˵ߡ߾ħĺǰɡ

˵ȷгһ˾µˣûڣ˾¾Ӧ˽Ǽ˲Ŷԡ

Ҷٷ紭Ŵұۣһ۾ͳ׻ԹȥҲΪ۵Ļѣθֻؿ¡̳ǵħֲѿȫľ·ؽһ㣬ûһʹ̵ģ˺޲þʹȥµĥ

ĺദˣʹʱûĺǰţȻĪ۵е˷ˣȻܿĺܾ˰ɣ

뵽˴Ҷٷ粻̾Լӳˣȿ޻ѿؿЦһ

˾¶ƺҪǱı̬ҳʲô˿ƼЦıʱĺʤ㷽õģǱѾʧ˵ƽĹɣǿĽݷģ𣿡

Ҷٷû˵ؿһۣĬˡ

ׯӰأΪ˽ӽϧΪҩˣ

˾һ˵ţ·ѶһУΪ˽ӽСߵע㻹̼ڵĹƳ棬һϵоѵ˶Ѱɵ£һΪֵΪ֮һսȤ֮ˣ

һ˵ţ˾һ߽Ҷٷᱧ𣬱Ѫ͸°ڻڵεδŨѪˮ

Ͽǲҵÿԣѵûз֣ʵǸֶΡϧһҲҪµķӣ

Ҷٷ磬ϡǲҲãˣʵѾرˣ

ʵ֪Ҳֻ࣬һ

㾿ǴӺδ֪ôģѻħʲôϵ

ħѻħö졭

ԭΪᱻʼĴڣû뵽ȴһ˵š

Ҷٷؿ˾»ȣԷزѾ亹Ҫˣشκʻ

۾վǱˣ֪ʱٴԼƺ˺Զ·ȴԴôҲѲ

Ҷٷصһǰոմɽʱ

ˡˣѻħ

ⱾԼˣǺѻħô

УѻħѾ˽ǧ꣬óΪħǰħȥЩΪ˼ߴޣҪɣȥɽһ㡣

˶Ϊħȴ˶꣬ʼһƫƧؾ֮УȵڷԼħ

˵ΪԶͬӦȴʼղϷ޵ߣ˵ͨĴͨ˽Ūڹ֮װӣʵһֱй۲졢ӰһС

ҶٷһʼͲκ֪Ĵڣκ˷Լѻħйصġ˿ߣѯԼӺδ֪ô࣬Ҳֻò֮Ūȥ

ͻȻ˾ţֱӾʵͺѻħʲôϵ£ȴǴδԤϹġ

˵ù



Ҷٷڰ˯ѼƿƤ
 
лҪ˵
ӰӰ´µһƬȷԼѾ뿪˳ˣҲԼĳŹħֵĳ졣
⸣С
°ںѻħΣ֮˾£˵ѻħйصһ˿
ɾʵݡǶߵ֡˾´˵ϲȵȡһд°У


47 

ҶٷоԼ˯˺ܳܳһ, ˯޹⡢ذ˯ȶߵĹܻ·Ѿȥ¡

ĸоЩĻ, Ժ, һ˯ȥ, ֱ˯оͱ˸˸ô죿

ûˬû澡˰

˯ĸоȫѲ

Ҷٷߺ˸˯ÿˮֱ

֪˶, ȻЩ, Ǳڻ˿, ðĺҲǺΪ˸ζˢȥ͡

Ҷٷü, ˯߱ŵúܲˬ, ֱֽ·ק, ûֿʼ䡣

̹, ǱӻСʱǸ, ˻ıˮã·ӽˡ

Ŭ, ɪɪֻԼѾСˣΪˣȵġ

ģģת, Ҫ

ҶٷԺһ˫ۣ߻δ۽, ͷ죬еȫΪ˵¶, ǻһ磡

лûͳͳҴ𣡹ǱѩػѰͳͳҹ

־УҶٷ˫ȭ߬ת͵һ࣬Ȼ춯

ֱʱŸоЩˣҲˡ

Ҷٷգգ۾ĵ˸ǷãȻĹˣһʱûԼĶ

µĴѾѣ涼ųһѺۣҶٷ뿪ƿţ澹ȻһƬǽĻĵء

׼ȷ˵һٽˮϵӣԭкܶ໨ݲľģֻǲ֪ΪΣʱһɰԵݻƵģҲޡľ̮γˮϸһİ׶ƤѱƻֻܿһЩҵë

ʲôнԼߵ˾¡ҲȫӰ

һѶϢû¡

ͺˣϾԼĵǱ˾ڳģˡԭҶٷԼĶ͵͵ŵء

ҶٷѰ˼Ƭ̣æϯضһԼ״

ǣƺܽߵµ˿ڣԼ֮ǰƶѾȬ˿ʹҲޣħ֣ҲѾȫ죬

ԼѾǸͷβħˣΪòƻܵħӰ죬һ̶ȵ

治֪ø˻ǲˡ

ٴۣҶٷѾԼ˯е£׹ǰЩԼ˯Ժ˸ġ

Ҫ˵ħĶԼȫûӰ죬ֻǴתתħǲܵġȣҶٷҲԼʲôŵ£תά£ȴһ嶯ͻһƬõط

ˣҲֻǾЩϧ

ĵĳһƺȫſˣһֻɸ·Ȼ

Ҷٷû뿪Լ彣

һûȫԼĽͬƯ۵ɫǿɰɫ봥Уʵȴʵޱȣγ¶ĽǷɫĺɫ

֪ǲǴٴΰγʱ򣬽ƺӡи˼ȡ

ħעһʱʣâ¶Ҷٷ轣ǰʱϰħ޹һʱñȼ˼ȣһӳȥֱҶնϡ

ֻǻûüˣͺȻֶȥļơ

̶̼У鼴ֻǻδδȫͬδѱ㣬ӣշˣͻûнӲá

üһͽ㡭Ҷٷ߬סħ㵱֡



ĺ鷳֣ܿҶٷһʱЩΪѣʼһԡ

ˮ

˵һˡ

磿

ʼҡҰڣǲʹ

ôް֮ǰǰѻˮء侲侲ٻһһ

ţƹ࣬ʵҶٷսѾ˼޵

ʴ££Ļҿɾͽˡ

ˡһڲˡ

Ƕӹð

Ҷٷипһöˡ¡֡

ǹ޽£ͽ£㿴˼Һ˼ţؼǻ㿴ֻһڣǸа˹ģɣ

˼·߼˵ذοһǽ㰲ҲǣҶٷִ˼ȥȷϵȷɣõˣսʡ

һ½ͬҶӹǸȤ֮ˡ

öЩЦ⣬Ҷٷо˿⣬ѭͷȥƼԼٵưܲ߳һˡ

һ׵ۣףǴӹ͸Ĳʺ쳾ʣҲһǴӻ߳ˡ

Ҷٷ翴̫ݣֻţ˫۾ʱһ궯ϲŭȥ

żѾ˵ˣܹһ˼ǲסݳĿ֮ʱֻõĵİһиߵ͡󡢳֮ġ

Ҷٷû˵Ȼ˵òȴӰǣ߽ˣòػ˸΢Ц

վȴû̧֣ӳһħܿͻʱ뿪ˡ

ʱΧٻȫϸֲǷ׷׻ָԭֻˮеҲ׷׳ˮףΪŵڳռ

ħĸħǡ

ûǸħ˳ЦЦȥ˺ܶ鷳ɣ

鷳

Ҷٷҡͷ

ˣʣħҵǱ飬ɻ¾

ˣδֻһްˡǫԽǱ¾Ѹģ¾Ѿûмֵˡ

顭Ȼ֪飡

ħϣ

ǡҶٷļػȡõ¾ĻᣬҲһξҲˣû¾ĻܶҾŪ

Щ飬֪ĻҲһǻ¡ҡҡͷ̧ͷԶʵߣſţ¶һĨů۵Цݣˡ

һڵӰ˲ǰҶٷм䣬ӰҲڵøɸɾ

˵ЩҾͺôܳˡ

ˣؼҡ

ҵ֪˵ֻᱻô

סڣǰ˵ֻ

Ҷٷ磺

ôоԼڷ⣬ôоûԶͱˣôоֵֹġ

Ҷٷؿ羰װԼϹӴɵӡ

û䣬Ǻе˾תӦת˰ɡȻԺ͸ղȫһıڣҶٷ磬ĵģڸȥ˼£ˡ

ʲôΪʲôѻħҡ

Ҷٷһ仰û˵꣬Ȼ͸оԼʲô͵һƣǰ׹һʧظ֮Ϯ

ǧ˵ڣһŵĲҽС



ءһҶٷˣˤ˸Ľų졣

ûˤʲô

һ̧ͷСûˣûˣˮҲûˣʲôѻħҲûˡ

·һΣֱȴѹҶٷȻʧػܣֻܶԼԶÿ˰ԼĹ¡

˵ʲô

Ҷٷ磺

˾ҧݵ˵ѻħղżˡ

Ҷٷһ£Ȼһͷ

лҪ˵
Լ˸ɫģģŹġ
ǸձڳûõĵģԼǸ
ô˵Լĺѻħֻ˾µĺ£ѵ߻ˣ
ллŶħˣлл˾֮ĶһҲͻƤӵ׸
ײü



Ҷ޿ٷ磺Ҫô룬˵˼°ء
̶ˡ


ٺ٣·ȥͲμ֮ĸ»ո~ٱ֤Ͼŵһ£幻ĻͼӸҲһ£Ӹǰǰһ·Ԥ~

48 
Ҷٷŵð, ˾µˮƽ, ʱֻø, Ҳҡ
ȻԭصƬ̣ȴδȵ˾ԤԼֻգеģֻһԭأ˷źݻвԼʲôҲĹ¡
ֵͣͣˡ
û˵ʲôҶٷװɵ
˿̵Ѿ侲࣬Ҳ˼ĥղŷһϵбʡ
һ, ߵĵĻصˣƲӦǺѻħ, Լûⶫ£òҪ˾·֡
Ҷٷ粻ɫؽ, Լĵ, Ǻܺòٿصӡ
ڶղżһвξʵ£Ǳ峤εӦǸԼĺѻħ, ԱλԼġ˵, ѻħӦ뿪޷Ƭؾ, ʲô, ոջȥ
ǷƶϣѻħԼ˾о߹뿪ؾ˾½ˣ
ôǰ˾¡ܿŻԭһ֪һ㣬ѻħŷֱôԼ˻
ҶٷŶ˶վҪܵģһһŲ˾¹ȻֻǷɱδ׷
˾Ӻѻħõʲô
֪ԼǱѻħȥһʱ䣬Ϊζ϶Լѻħйϵ
ֱ˼˴Ҷٷ뵽顣
鼸ԤһдС¼һ飬Լõ֮ǰһֱںѻħС
Ҳ˵ʲôصĲһһֻԼΪ˸ıµı仯һܿǺѻħġ
ᵽ˾ǿºΣճ̶һһССֻ¶˶Ѳ˸ϵȴòİѱЩҲѵǷǺڰֱ档
ͱ¹֮˵˭˵ֻǾĽ¹ǵأЩаķӿǵǣδôƺȫ֮ߡ
𣿿Ѿǣǵˣ˭ȥ⳥аյʧ˭ȥЩˣǵõǷЩҩܵõɾĽݾˣҵҵڿСſǡɾֵǷƽ
Ҷٷ磬ҲֻħĹƳӰһʱ嶯˲ǺҲ³ϵĽֵ顣
˭˵ɵû³¹ǵ̶֮ࣿǰһһе˶ûУ
һĬĬʱ˾£֪ԻǾ˵ʲôʲôĹޣڰһУЦſЩˡڡߵ¹ǵϷ̨ϱݡ
˵ǻǾ׽¹֮Ϊ˾µľ֣ȴƴҲ˵˵䣬Ϊ˱ܣɱС
û˵¹ǵ±ҲֻôǾ֣һҽɱ˻ǻ¹ǹɾڡ
ֱҶٷҲѯʻǾ䣬ɾѩǰЩ
һзչǾѾô¹ǵϢܻʢһʱ䡣
Իһ¾ͻ֣ᷢ¹ηɱϢһֱû¹ǵ£ǺȻԺһ㡣֮ǰҶٷûпȥ£ǾСǺеĲһҲԼϹֵµӦ
һϸ룬ȻʶԼһλܸıؼˣѻħ
ǻǾûСηɱôˬĻ˭
Ҷٷ翴˾£˸ŵĲ롣
ǻǾΪѻħİиԤûɣô֮⣬жٳ޷⵽ϸڣΪһĺѻħ˹µĺ£
Ǻ½ƻһң˾ֺαһᵽѻħڼԼĵһʱ϶Լһ֪̫˶Ȼѻħйϵ
Ҷٷһתˡ
˾¼ԼˣҲ֪Լ˵ȥˣŻҶٷ˵
ҶٷҡҡͷҲȥ
ҰĵĻ㡣
Ҷٷ磺
ýƻ
ȥǾ൱ڸ˾£ԼûصˣѾѻħ֪Ĳˡ
ȥͺмˣձ˵ĸֱǿ
㵱ɵ𣿡Ҷٷֻе˵Ҫܻң߸ʲôͣҲŲĹ
Ҷٷ磬㱾²Сӵͦ󡣡
㲻ǹѲɻǻˣҶٷһ쾭ģ˵Ļǹʲô
˾£Ǻǡ
Ҷٷ磺ҵȷѻħˣ鲻Һֹϵ
ԺҶٷָоﲻ̫ԣһ䣬ʵġ
ȷǣѻħȷʵܴҲδ˾·ĴڡȻˣԼҲüȥ
Ŷ˾Ц
Լϣ˻жֻǸ·ﶼ£ҶҶ˺ıڡħ̩Ȼ֮Ҷٷ磬ˣǶĽ֮ˣȴһҲµģ˵㱳̲ǺѻħΪһ𣿡
Ҷٷ죬ֱˡ
治ħǿ޷졭Ҫ˵ԼҲǺѻħԸ˾µһӡ
ɾ׿˵ˣ˾Ҳš
ŸãҶٷסЦĳ嶯ĥŲ罫ƾͼƣ˾˵ôһ򲻹ħҲħҪֱӽŭͳת޵Լϣգ
ȵˣٺٺ١
Ҷٷס죬Ц⣬תȥ
붼ˣҲ˾˷ʱ䣬ȥƶ˳ǰħ˵Ǹطʲôü
վס
˾ٴοڣĶҶٷȴӦ
Ҷٷ磬ڳȥ·˾¼˵һΣҶٷܶĹսǴͣˣعͷǺطʣô
ĺ㣬һ׽סˣɱڶλ׵ӳ߾ħҲ㶯ŭΪ㲻͵Ķĳ߸׹ԼˣˣҪΪʳԸۡ
Ȼʲôʱĳˣ
˾ЦЦû˵Ҷٷˣ˭˻ҪֻҪԼ뿪ŻˣǾͱԼ˭ỳɵϣ
ֻҪ߳磬뿪ߣ߾ħϵĹƳͻѣ󳹵ƿ㡣
ҶٷüҶҪҪһˣƳ滹ôǿ֮ǰĺѾĥúˣܻ᳹Ӱҡ
֮ǰޣĺȷҩѹƹƳ棬ħˡ˾Ц˵壬Ѿ˹ƳϲĵطúܣֻΪԱߣݷŲҶ
Ҷٷת濴˾£ǲǾãҴ򲻹ǣȻ¼ǣܵвȻһ̲ͣѻħң
˾ǳĬ
Ҷٷû취͸ΪϵϢ̫٣ʵ⡣
Ҷٷ̬ȴ࣬Եĸı䣬˾¶Ըо
˾¾Ǳѻħˣ˵ȴû뵽Ĳ²⣬Ҷٷ˵ӡ
˭ûأ˭ʲôںûϲ֮أ
Ҷٷ翴ЦаĹ˸ݣǿɰЦݣϻŹڻڿŵĴ磬һһݡЦȴΪ۵һĶ֮ɫ˾¸о˽Ȼ෴
ʶأ˾ֱ裬ʼ˼Լǲʧˣ©ʲôؼĶ
Ѿںѻħʧ̫࣬ħµһСʿӡ
һ̣أ˾¿òײųŹŹصˣγһͨںڵĳ
͡һѪĽ
ҶٷִۣѿһĿĵ˿ڡ
۵졢亹ֱðȴû˦ȥ˽ϵѪҪҵѻħĻȥҰҵʲô£
ȴţѪҺ˴ƬҶٷɫҲѸٱò԰ѿ
˾ͫһգգҶٷ磬ǳɫͫŷɣϲŭ
Ҷٷ翴ˣŲݲݰԼֱ۵˿ڣħעȥתȥ
ĺ˵ˣǹƳҲɣǹƳҲᱻȳ˯ȥ


49 
Ҷٷ, δһʱƶ, ȳŶ˼µķȥ
һ, ΪƶڿҪȫѾϣħٴʱҶٷѾֱܹӸӦǾ֮ǰĶѾЧ
ûб٣ǾҪȥƶĴԴֵΣա
һ˶˼ʲôط
λ˵߷壬һɽһǵĶ, ֱֱµĽǶȣƲ֮, ³бŰǸΣճ̶ȼߵǵ
Ǵ׹ȥΪߵ, Ҳıʧȥ, ӽϵ䣬ײʲô׹䣬ʮ
ֻˣҲͰˡ
Ҷٷסط, Ϊ˼гֹľ֮, ŵһ, ǡǡ̶׹˼, ȴ漣ػҵһҲ֮ǰµ֮˵ı
Ϊ̶Ѿʱȴ»ˣҲһΣһԾΪʮ֮һ
ľ飬Ҷٷ粢˽̫࣬Ϊ黹и¾²Ҳ뵽ԼĪӴ̶֮ķɻڴ֮·ˣʮߵİףҲûʲôɾġ
¼ŵҩȷԼΪƻԻӰжҶٷվڽϣͳȷһ顣
ûмǴ֮У˼µľӦǷ̶߾ħ֮ģҪǣԭӦ÷֮
꣬ʱġҶٷ硯ѾоӣԼˣһ˲һ죬̶˳˹ϵ֪
Ҷٷ飬üģǰеĽ͵һ٣ѰٶǰС
ˣʱðơҶٷ硯̶׹µʱһȥأһҲĿԧ죿
˼ǡǡ˼Ӳ˼ȥģǸҶٷ硯ɲʲôġǡֻǸġʬˣ
Ҷٷһ飬ӴǣǸðƻΪ˳ûģΪòҪж̶ŸһģΪ˸ã̶Ĺнڻﵱ治˵һѱ˫˫
أôϵģҪȥҲһ£
Ҹ
ûһµģܾôˤɣ
ѻħǺǾԼԼܹزֹһԼ
ΪԼ͸ùԹȥ˼£ȥ̶
ǡ±߾ľǰ̶꣬ȷûеսûôʤ㣬ֱܻܿսܣ׹¶òͶ
ҶٷţǰеٶԽԽ˿ִƿﵹҩ¡
ʱ˿̣Ҳ˲ʲôҳҩĸˣ֮ϼ졣
̶ˣǽĶ߾ͻעʧܣעܾ޴ʧЩǴϰ͡ϵͳĺܶԻܿ
ǣ̶޹ģǸ޷ͶĺˣˣǾΣɱ֣
ͬҶٷԺ໥ìܡ໥ģҲǰеٶʱʱ¶᲻ѡԥɫ
ѻħȥ˼ˣǾȥɣûܵõ飬úͻʧȥһС֪ôģ
ҲֻΪͳɱңطϻҲصһѱ䣬ϣ£˾Ǩŭ˭֪˶Ը˾⻹ʲô˼
Ҷٷ磺
ܳ
ȥ룬ĵŭ𡢲ʡʼոû꣬ľ޲Ҹʲô;ݺݷйһźá
ԽǲƽЩฯˮЩٱĶԽȿֺðǽĵĳªŴǰطŲͣ
˸ңز硭
۵׵ĺԽŨ֮ʱҶٷ٣һֽ߬סؿڣϥһֱӰڽ֮ϣ˴ݺҡһ£Żָƽûȥ
໥ŽֵûˣҶٷȴ̧֣ס۵˿ڣ̼˿ٴαѣʹ˻ָЩǡ
˾µħ֣ħģҲѰħħҪΣա
ͺ˵Ƥ⣬ԼϣܲԭװġԼӦãܻЩá
ֻʹ̼֮ѣƺûôЧ
ǰеٶԽʵʵħҶٷ͸˿ȫҲס
ɱΪʲôɱħޣӦ
̶ȥҶңһѻʥţ
㲻Լ̫ࣿ㲻øףЩǾͳΪĶˣǸҶˣһ۾һеľ
Ҳʲôûˣ˹һΣ
ãҶٷֹͣʹĴ`ϢͲָ΢ϵȫպ亹Ƚվһ˫ź۾Զ˼µķ
ĵ׵ĳ嶯ڽ
Щµ׵ĴԺʮ֮׾㣡
ʱ䵽֮ǰҶٷ硯µĵΣḥ̂Ϊ׸Щġ˵ˣ
Ҷٷ绺£˫֣ƲסЦݡ
µҩЧѾ˸ı䣬ɰϲġȤĺʧȡ֮ģͨϺڵĽǣӶͷ
ЩߵĺҲʧˣȡ֮ģǵһֻĺߣųߣССһֻ
ƤȻ𪣬Ӳ԰ף޸ĵýϸΰθߣþݶ̺
ı仯ȻҲӳҶٷԼ
Цˡ
û뵽ԭЩҩҩЧͻģֲҪҩˣǣѲɲͬ˳˻вͬЧ
Ҷٷǲˬʱ򣬵֡߬סԼͷĽǣһ
ȻְγһѶذףԱߵĹߴɱʬȥ
ȴʱٴγҲٴۣҶٷظղŵĶʹѽһδϣ¶ͷѪҲܡ
֪ظڼεʱ򣬽ڱСˡҲԽҶٷҵ˷й;һδνЩҩЧŪ
ڣͷֻʣССƤˣѪ裬ٳҲٳ֡
˵ҩЧӲľʧˡ
Ҷٷ˰֪ˡ
һҶٷ罫ǬСȡһ
һöԲͨ͸ġҹ顯ֻһҹ鲻ͬڰ£ҲƼӵоɫĹâʲôҺתһֻ㣬͸һɹů⣬ץסҶٷȫߣֻٶ࿴һ
ӣظһڻ
ǵãҶٷҲûȵдʲôֻ΢Щ
Щʧؿӣᵯһ£㻹ģģأ˼ħģ㣿
ϧˣֽӷŻؿڴ
ңԶߣѾƼðƲ֮ϵĶ˼һˣҶٷһݣȴ΢
ʱʶеʶӡǺȻ˲
һǧﴫ̶ġ


50 
ʱյ̶ǧﴫ, ҶٷĵһӦͻȻľš
ȫĵسĳȫעעĳ֮еʱ, Ȼӱ˸ˣϢؿȻһļִȻءϡѵľš
ľ֮, ֲЩҶٷԼҲʶлɡ顢ҲЩɵΡ
еķӦ˲Ϣ, ᲻ѹļ⣬þע, ȴûд򿪲鿴, ·򵥵һ£ҲҪЩܰ쵽ˡ
ҶٷϢƬ̣ǿԼ, һй侲
ܵģǸԼ, ̶ô͵õԼϢ, ֪Լӳ, һš
Щո뿪ɽʱ, ԺһӿĴ֮У̶һҲڼǰ, ͻȻַһȻֻɺϡ
һ, ̶֪ԼˡҲ֪Լ״
֪ԼѾħ, ֪Լȥ˼µ·ϡ
֪Σһ, ̶ܲ˼ԼͨԼйص£ԥǾɱܸոպòµ
̶˵ЩһпԼ˼һȻͬɺϣԼ̫̫࣬С
Ҷٷ绺һԳЦһЦ
Լʲôӣ
յžûʧȥˣһ򿪾֪ĶƫҪ¸ûֱ꣬Ӵ򿪴Ƹ
л𣿣ҪҪһ仨꣬ҡң
뵽˴ҶٷڱԼܲˣһַסͷ̧𣬵һ׺ɸʲôҲԼԼ档
һǧﴫ˹̶Ϣ
Ҷٷ罫δ򿪡
һǳԣֻ֣
ӣ
ڶһŵͼһ仰
Ҷٷãϳͼģַڲ
ɾ飬ʱˡ
ַɾ̶ˡѲǽ¹Ƿµ飬һôһŵͼ
ɵ𣿣
֪ΪΣҶٷЩѹסŭ⡣
̶ߡ
̶֪ţ֪ӳˣҲ֪鷳
֪࣬ǰȥɾ˽ἺΪһĵͼ
Ȼأ
Ҷٷ缸ǳ嶯ؾͻһ䣬Ȼأ
뵽Լʱ䲻ˡ
Ĳˣ˵нӽһʱŻᱻȡ˶ᣬ˼µľ飬ǰôЩ꣬˭֪˻᲻ǰ
ʱ䲻̶࣬ɵȥˣһʥĳϹۣǴСȱЦͰ˵ֵϲ嵶þˡ
Ҷٷǵû̶ĺ⣬ӿٶȣԽᶨسŶ˼ȥˡ
һƿħΪĵҩȥһƿԪ˵ҩȥҶٷһڽ֮ϣ֮ͬ㣬̴Ʋ㡣
зǰֵţٶȻЩԲ΢΢̽Ľ⣬Щ΢΢̣ת
һһҹ߲ݣ޵׶ǬĵҩǣȻԵòˣֱϵ˿ڣҲľ
г̣Ӳһࡣ
Ҷٷ絽˼µʱɫѾȣɫ԰ֽ𺣬۴һӦǸ¡ƣľ𽣺ۡ
Ŀֱ۴ɫƣҫ²ܿͼȴȾ˰ѪɫڸɸɾһԲĵĳ֮ϣΪ֮˼Σնʡ
̧¶ȵ߻ɨ˼ϵȺ۵вĺ⣬²ԡ
дڶ˼ϵĶԾȻвٴֽǰֵˡ
Ȼҵˡ
Ҷٷӽ£һսȦĿȥϢ̫ΣգΧЩΧ۵ħǣԾһξ룬ҲΪԶóһխ·ĿҶٷԽԽֱЩΪԱҼĵش
һЩ²ݣսǼһԲֹͣĴ֮Ĺϵ
ʵϣҲֻˡ
ٴιķչ
̶߾ħľս߾ħĺ˺֮ġ
ߡѹͲʱ򣬳
ҶٷΪ֡ĺ˵Ķһÿ˶˵ǹϵңҲ䡭ƽ⡣
ĺ˵Ļ٣ԷأϵȬٶȾˣҲȡʤǵսѣһֱ֣̫˷˺üԴ˵Ļᣬܽ˵Զ
߾ħһˣ磬Ǻܴ򣬾õȺˣŶŹơŰʹթˣ壬ƺֻҪһ˾׬ˣǳǷ鲻˵ǵҪݺƺ𽥷˵ұȵȤ
Ҷٷ粢ǵģҲͷܡ
ƹսȦδĳɳʯϣֱƺƣ˼һקϸۼµһߡ
ƽ̹ġʺϸֶԾķ嶥ƽأΧ۵˾£һġӽɽ·ʱܳ·һܹ࣬Ũвͻȥһˡ
Ǳߣһܱ߽ǰ͹Ķɽ壬Եĵطһ޴ʯ겻ﾭ紵ɹ·ʱ׼һ顮ɽܡѹϡһͬ׹Ԩ
ġ˼¡֣һ¡ֱһʯ̱ŵӰסˣ֪
𣿻ˣ
ѻħ˵ھüģڻûա
ţܸоȫѪҺڷ˷ؼٱԽǰСԽǽŵҧء
ûйȥעԼƹھˣƺҲûüϳʡòƺһ˵Ҷٷ磬սȦҪߣһΣյһ
ڣҶٷվǰǰǶ˼µʯͷǲ֪ĵĸߡ
̶
ڻһ䣬Щɳƣ˼ɤӣƺҲûһԼԭҲգι
Ҷٷ绹Ƕ̽ıϢʶ
˿
ţһòֻǻ˹ȥ
ԡʶң飿
ħϢҵļ֮е̶ɴ־ᶨʧ߻ħδйġ
Ҷٷһ㶣̶壬һƬ壬̧һȫѪ
ΪȾںɫĲϣԿѪ
Ҷٷ̾˿ջ֣Żûʶ̶ȴ͵ضˣһ߬סմѪ
ˣ
ҶٷѯʣȴûеõӦ
ûӦҲûۣһֻȴ߬Ҷٷ
ôҶٷεһ䣬ԼǬãΪһ·ԵĶǸʺħ޵ĵҩǻʣ̶ܸģ߰˵ĲİĶһЩһԷģ̶͵˽ȥ
ǡ
ˡ
ȻѲͦġ
ԡҶٷЦЦ̶ֻ̧ػ˼жȥԼ֣վ
˴ʱв˺Ҷٷ䣬֮ģǵصѹԸ߽ߵҶٷ缸ˤڵء
ĺ˿ȸղŴʱӼˣһЩˣ
Ҷٷ磬
Ҳ֪ڷŭʣǱʲô
ҶٷæһǰԶʱֵæ͵еļУԼ̫챻ץǸɵȻķûı˭Ҳֻܻܺƽʱռһˡ
ҾʲôǴʲôôҶٷǲҡҡͷżԼ޷վвȻЦ˳
һϳһѺۣҶٷƫͷһϣ˲ɢ
ҶٷЦԽӣǰһ̶ǰ˭˵Ҫˣ
ʱҪжһӣֲɵӣ
䣬Ҷٷ̧𳤽ˡһٴεһŻȥħۡ΢΢ɢŹһԵ̶ֱ֮˴ʯԻɳɣֱֱ֮׹ȥ


51 
ճ֮, ҶٷԼĶȴǸۺʱҫ۶Ŀˣһһ쳤£üбɣòȴ䣬˿װﶼ޵ĿꡣȻЩҶٷϤЧʱнŹ˵İ㣬Ҷٷ綼ҪԼϴˡ
ô˲ɣ
Ц, ββƵ, ͬһ·ɽʱƮƮҶٷ
סǣ
ôһװճܻò˫, ѾҪľ˵Ҷٷ練ñκһ۶Ҫ, ûЩ׸ƵĸװΣǱ˵͹˳¶ߴܵѹҲȻ˿һ۱Ҫס
ʱ, ͲҪ, ǹ𴽽, һ, Զʣײ֮УץΣԹעڰգֻȥԱòôˣǵãƽɽ⣬ͳƺҡׯ
ԭǵġ
ȵȣׯôе졣
ҶٷͷӦˣһͬ˽ԭվںģҪߣȴֱǡׯקǰȥ˱ׯϻ§ŵơ
һ̧ͷÿׯЦЦģҪˡ
ˣǰշʱҵߵıǡׯӰ
֪ģѾ˴ʶ࣬Ҳʶ˿һ£Ҷٷһׯʱȴûǰôˣʶؾ;нﻹʱʱҪάֺ÷ɫжʵȴˡ
һ飬ϱһأһ·Եֻ
Ҳʮ֮һҶٷֻüͻȻٶȳúûܿصȥֱԽׯǰһΣգ۾˱֮ϣµľɫңԶСˡֱٶȶҶٷվֱ壬ׯл
ׯҶٷӦһ³ƺС㾭װɽ𣿡
ӡǸǣʵǸ
ׯһ˴ȤˣȻҪɽ
Ҷٷ粻뵽飬Ҳдܡ
ǻׯɽҶٷԭȥѰһõط׼ļƻҲңԭҶٷԼҪüʱ·̣ׯһʱڱ㶨ˡ쵽ַıʱׯʼŽ٣ٴø첲§Ҷٷϣֹվˤȥ
һ纣ľ޴ǴӸ߿ոȥҲúǾˣΪºַδκηַ֧ʱǿ
ׯ˸£ͬһʯСδǰ𽥷ŴֱռȫҰǳµһ¥ĴС͸߶ȣֻϲ̨ͤ·һƮںϵĳǡ
̶վС˵ӭ̨ϣ̨ӻһҶ氼͹ƽҶ磬ǡòôͱⷴε۾
վ̶ȴǷźĽԼվŵ˻ε۾
ǺýᷴǳҲˣȴ·ţƤͷӨ󵽲˼ĵزǣôߵĵطٶ֮죬Ȼкš
۵ģҪǽ϶˵̬һ޶Ʊˣһɰ鶯òɣɵĻУץǻϵֱۣ»
һɫĻ棬˶룬ʶӵ˼
δüȶã̶ͺܿ췢֣ˣԼȻʶ
ǷڽķӣѸزˣĳЩĶȡζ̶ֻƤһҧ˿ſˮƵģࣵһѿһȵĳ
ֻ⸴ӵĸÿ죬ȥҲ죬̶һջȥĽţʱϵ΢ЦǿԼҶϵֱŲߡ
ַ磬˹ˣסַҲôΧˣ̶Լ࿴ۣô뵽˺ԼȴҶκϵ
ʱ˿̣ӭ̨Ҳûˡ
׻˵úãһղĿ࿴
䵽ӭ̨Ҷٷׯӭ̶ߣһʱ˶Ĭû˵һ˼ֹŶԷȿڵģ
ǣׯ̶̶Ҷٷ磬Ҷٷ翴Ա߷ȥĺԣһȷǳ졣
Ƭ̹󣬻ҶٷȿһЦŴкӣþò
šҶӣ̶񣬡ǡ
ʲôˣ
ҶٷЦݲ䣬⼸һ˸ķҲܻӭЩûŵɡ
ǵģǳ壨ҩȡ棨ѧˣȰɡ
ᣡ
ȻûСʣ̶ɫ΢䡢ҲʶԼصЩˣתԱö꣬λǡ
ׯǰһһͷ䵭ׯһɢޣҶӡ
һȴ˵ʱǹЦſҶٷ磬һͣ٣ôʣڵθڣʶãҲʶһͬжˡ
⻰ûκ⣬ׯ飬ԼϹͣ١˺ᣬǻл
Ҷٷߣʱׯ̫ϵˣ̫Լθˣ̲סҲЦһ¡
ʱׯѾ£ȫѹ˿ΪߵͣΣֻܲµǸħޡ̶ĬƬֻ̣ҲԼݣ
̶״ӣһɵޣŸոͻƷڡһͣ٣һ䣬ҲһǰżҶӣһʰˡ
һǰҶٷһ£һôǵúûôãǺǲһʱ䣬ʮѣ
ׯҲ֪ʲô䵭ȴûͣŶԭӣӢţֲ١ҶڳǰôԼĴ磬ЩҪҰָԭء
̶ʱתͷŵ£
Ҷٷ类һһҼм䣬ЩãȻ廰صĶȵȣҡ
пǹûô֪ģҵ飬̶ôֱңԽŲׯұ𣿣
ׯϹݸǰģԭҸѡģȴȻԼ벻˱˵ۡ
Ҷٷ磺ҽŲΪ
Ҫ⸱Ӽˣŵ˲İɣ
ׯɽһ·ãſڵַʱЦһЦ
̶ջߣĿбӵؿ·ֱߣҶʣ־Ĵ磬˾òÿǶϹۡ
ׯ¶ɫ
ԭׯǵԼͶɹء
Ҷٷؿ̶ڿԼôƵġ
ҲΪˣųͲִˣҪĨǱ׻ޡ
˵䣬ѾߵַڲһΪľƷҶдš衯֡
Ѱһ¥Ŀ̨ҶٷѰŻῪڵڿ˵˰ɣӣҵĵλˣ
̶һʼղرܵׯ뵥㡣
ҶٷһЦʦСֻյ֪غ£Ҳ㡢ׯ۸ģҪ£ֱҾǡ
̶ֱ׵Ļɫ΢Σν͵ʦСģҲ輧棬ɾ
ɾַĻϰ塣
Ƣûʲôµģ˼ҿߣǴ˵ôĪˣеƢҲһж˳ëߣˣԼڵûƤûĻ쵰Ҳù̫ˡ
򾾫õ̫䣬صȥˣǰߵɽͷҶٷǬȡһ磬¹ƤģӱһȦëɫԺɽȥ


52 
Ҷٷһ̫ƽʢ֮һ
ʦ, ʮʮͿʼĴʮһһԾ¥ش
ǣıǶǮҲ򲻵Ҳģ
ҶҡòiٷʲôˣȻʶϵ̬еĴ󱦱
ԣڱߵҶٷҲǸʮ꣬ʲôʮʵʻ˼ĸˣӷͻؿ, Ǻĸһо
ţҲҪķѲ, ˵쿪ʼҪùˡ
Щ΢һ㡢ʱǧٹֵĸֵһƽ͵ôһ죬˳ߵ´˵еһ
մ˵, , ԼĪǰؼûôӯħ̸ʱһԽ׽ɡغɵĳ׵Ŀħµġ
˵ǸħҶٷǸɵ, ȴ˶ҪĶ, ħޡΪ޷˶ѻӭ, һܹͨŽǧ֮¡̽飡
ǵĻ, ֻǲܵõĽָ
ҶٷˣҶٷ缤Ҷٷϲ㵸
Ȼڷطйе֮󣬻ޱȳֿ顭
ԡ㣬ի죬£лغڣ˳ΪǰǸ˵ϲŭ޳Ŀħϸڸ̡
֪Ҫˣ֪ΪҪء
ССɽʱѾ˸ֵֹĶҶٷ紩һذ׳ۿ죬˫һ㡢һطǱܿ̽顭
š
ţ
Ȼ͵غϣٺݺˤ棡
ʲô
ҶٷһЦǸʲôСҶٷ̳ǰӢĻһǸʲôƨ
ѲĸûĹԼͬµף
ڳʧ֮ǰҶٷԼѾǧŵԡիŴ򿪵飬ǰľԻϧλǻŲԼѾ̧Ľţƽڵ϶ϡ
ָޱ飬Ҷٷٴη顯
пӵ׵˿϶ûǰŪôҪ⣬һԼˡ
Ҫ侲Ҫ˼Ҫ
鰡ղ˵ǻþ˵Ƕҵһο飡ֻ;㹻ᶨ˲ܿò
ȻͣĬšⲻǻⲻǻ顯Ҷٷ¼Ǳš˿飬·ǰʯ̨ϣ֣µشӵһҳ

һҶٷ粻ˤˡ
ʼˤԼ
ˤ˻꣬Ҷٷͷأ档
ΪʲôΪʲôҪ˳ͷңҵ龿ŤʲôزҪĻþ
񰡣
֪ǲԴ̫ʵˣײ̫гˣһдЩСֵҶƬӷƮҶٷ֮ڡ
ػ֮ҽΪˡ
ѶϢò粻㹻ʱͺΪⱾʱ򣬾Ԥϵ˿ݵ˻ʲôӦƵġ
Ҷٷտ֣ҶƬҪϸϸо˭֪ǺɫҶȴУձ˲绯ˣѳһصĲ
ּȴӡҶٷԺѰëдµ֣ʻ֮ϸûб仯ʲôµġ
Ҷٷ˴ٴοǱ顯
ڲܽˣǷһѰдŴȡֵĻ
˸׵˸ʲôծţǰǸɱĿɶħħ޶ôĵ
Ͼһͨµ飬Ǿ͸֪ҶٷԷһ졣ˣдᵽҶٷֿʼûᵽʲô͡顯йصûԤϵ֮¡
ٴβ룬ҪʱҶٷĴ֪ļҳ¶˵ڶдֵҶƬһǡ
һʮС֣
й¶ȴɸд
Ҷٷ˸ۣûӵҶӣҵ˼ҶƬһҳ
ܺأÿһҳӬͷСƫƫŵڶҶӵһҳЩӡȥ֣ڿհ״˼Ϊעȥдֵ֣ɫҲϵĲͬǵɫ
ϸһһҳҲҶٷйصģԭдšҶٷɽȥ;·ɽ£ȴڻԵɺ֮·˲һ֮е滨
滨ֱ˸Ȧ˸ߵҳ߿հ״дš滨ԣѵһ֥ź

ҲΪˣôĿհ״Ҫдô֡
ҶٷĬãϸ䣬ȷԼȷûôù·ǹɽˤȻҲûϹ˵ʲô滨֥ź
һ£Ǹʲôɽţ
ǰһҶٷɫʱ
ɽ
Ҷٷһ侲ٴνݺˤڵ棡
ɽⲻڽŵµɽ𣿣˭أ
Ȼ£¼Ļңϡ
ڣΨһе彣ѾڸղΪ˶ԸеΣϵ˰

ʾɽʱ··ˤɽ£ˤ˻ҶٷҲܾôסɽϲȥˣҪ˭ʱԼ˾Ͳˡ
ɽȻʾˣҶٷתһ룬Ҫ֤ģҲǺһ׮ƨ
ЩԼĴʾνĿİɡ
ìְܾŰɵ飬Ҷٷ绹뿪㣬ɽȥˡ
Ǿô֮Ԥ֮йȻ·ˡ
Ǻǡ
ԹҶٷˣ˴ϾͲ֪ͨ˶ٴΣѲ
һȺչֻû뿪صӾеû¶ʹסһԹȻһȺԱΧע߳𣿣
Ȼ˴ϵҲֻ˵Ľڡ
ȵ߳ԹʱҶٷѾһס˵Ӿʹѳ
˭֪ӾǲһľһЦͷæͳ˰ĳȻӾΪǸ
һȺпյоȻľҺ˵ǷǳֵǮı
˵ҲֵٿϵʯҶٷôе˻СǮ
ֻһܳŴ֮˰ˡ
þơ
ҶٷţȻԼ˵һ·ˣһξԲܹɽ£ҵжԲߡ
Ѱǻˤ𣿵Ȼǣ˾ƾͲһˣƽÿ·Ҳ׼ͷȾʱ
ٺһЦóԼٱһʯϸӣӾӨ͸мڿ˵ģԭΪ˲ˮʱˮã񣬱Ҷٷ˾ƺ
ͲͷˣͷͲڿ·
Ͳˤɽˣ
ҲǣҶٷ뵽ж̶β¹£ûд̫ϸڣ˵Щë׵ľҲԴ֮һء
ȻǾͰǴ˰ҶٷתǸԼҲԼ˵󣬶ֱֶиУһһᣬ󾫡


53 
ǡҲʶ, ΪҪң
ǰйԼľ飬ҶٷҲǵñǰᵽƵ£ϾԼйصȿġ
Ҳ˵ΪѾʼԷظıˡ
̶ٶ͸¶ֻЦЦ˾֪ˡ
˵ǿءׯһԵ٩˵ɾʵҲǸˡ
Ҷٷһգ۾, ̵ͷ, Ǿȼɡ
ǷǳϺɫ˵硣
ǷҶٷҲôʵصȥһİˣ¶ءаλȨ֮ˡ
̶Ҳ׼һ˵, Ҷٷһ, Ϊ鷳¾ͱ֮ؾܾղҶٷõ桢ֱӹĻǳڽĿǡ
ׯû뵽ҶٷôˬشӦ, ؿ
֮, ̶ֻЩ, ׯĿͺֱ, Ͳǿɫࣿ
̶ʱˮǺˣҿˡ
ҶٷһĪ˵˰ɣ
ׯ͡
Ҷٷ磺
ðɣԼһʲôˡ
ׯܲܰҸСæٰ䡭Ҷٷ֪Ӧ㲻ıĿȥСģҲʵڲ̫붥źˡ
ׯû٣һЦðٶһꡣ
һһ꣬ʲôġҶٷҲӦ꣬ҩЧ͹ˣһһȫûҲϲַ񣬹Ҳûˡ
δ䣬áˢһ̶ͻȻվľƵӽʯĵשĦ̶
Ҷٷ翴ΪǵȵüˣλɾżңھҪȥ
̶ĬƬ̣ɤӵô鷳ɾӲòȡˣҲûҪַ˼
㲻ǲ֪ΪҪң
ׯҲϷƵƮȥһ̶ۣɫ΢ΣַʦСĶԸ뷻ģ޼ҿɹĿˣġÿҲ뷽跨ļӲѰ֮£ǿСȣҶӲضǡ
ôһȰ̶άɾҶٷҲٶ˵ʲôӦ̶£ô
ׯƽ޹ʴʧҶٷٵһҩ˵Ļᣬ̫ˣҲ˵һԱм
˵ʱһλ¶ȹò˹ΪһЩƣƺƮżƬ۵Ļꡣ
λӣҼҷѾڼˣȥˡ
̶һ㶣ͻȻǿʮһֻۣǺߵͷۣδʲôӦ
Ҷٷ̾ûʲôӣһΪҪϼڵϰء˵ֱһƣͷ͸߸߾𵹽һڣһˣûϵļվ
̶ׯһ֣ȻѾˣҲڴ˶컹£һ
˷ͷ뿪ׯһֱ󿿽ʵα̧һУĸдСӵұ
Ҷٷǰ·ã濴ַһӴδȴû뵽Ƶ·ô࣬žͽͷתһ·ܿҲԽԽ٣𽥱üžˡ
û𣿡
ܿ͵ˣҶĪҪļ
Ҷٷһգ߽һԶǷڻȴһŴС·ºֽţЩ
Ȼ;ãԼѾûءðաˣʦŵŸĻЩ˵õôٲκβҪ׵¡
ûһйǣҪˣˣҲˣŷԭԼϲԭǰƽ
ⶺŪ̶ԼҲãͻȻȥƽɽٺһҩҲã֪ǸǻؾȥһǧķҲá
Ҷٷ绹ʱ㽹ӣеˣ˲֮£ƾ־֮¡
Ҷٷţ鲻ԽЦ۾ƵߣҲ·жôͷˡ
ͷĺҲ鶶˶ë˶࣬ڸղǿڻƴǳǳů֮С
ˣ
Ų͵һͣҶٷЩײǰ̧꣬ͷȥһȿ̻ħĸߴľţɾұ߰ħէ֮Էҡ
Ҷٷո̧֣ҪŰ壬Űȴڴˡ
ڷ羰ҶٷǰģһƼŲľ磬𽥴󳨣Ƽ
Ҷٷ翴棬طⷿѰ˵ҪڿͿտˣֱ
ٿڣǽ컨嶼һŵĸɫֽɡڵԲԲɡſ¶ŵĻܽ㣬һһҪΪЩָֿߵǽڷ絲ꡣ
ֱ߽ȥһƬ⻬ӳӰʯͷש棬ʱӳɡԵѤʡ룬һŽɫߵ°׳£˶һ棬ϰڷһײߣΨһļҾ߰ˡ
һ䣬һĿˣӣȴ͸һɹ֮УЩ߶桢Ҳ˵

Ҷٷԥһ˲ֱ컨ľ󰲾£һ˿϶Ҳû
ˣˡ
ǰȥҲǰǰɾԶ
ýˣҶٷŵԿɾߣȻ紫ڵ۾ӣȴԵɫٵģ˫ӣɾ鶯գۣβ޳üһͬбޡ
ǻе˶ˡ
ۿɾ¾ͲֻԹԵϴݲ裬һԲҶٷŲ˱ҲȲסˣȿڵ֪ν棬ʲô£
ɾֺһ٣Ͻɫһ̧ŵ͸ֱ߳Ҷٷһ㶡
ǸҶӵʱ䡣ɾŶ˵Ҳ̬ȺºͣδռԼλߵݾӵʵҶǰ󡣡
ҶٷȻֺ֮ϤУɾʲôģܾƵ
ʲô£
µĴǹϵҲóƣ£һҶΪǣߴţӸ
Ҷٷƣô֪
ɾûлش𣬼˵ڶ£ҶӰæȥһ¹ǣΪѰһ¡
Ҷٷ죬۾Բң
ˣ֮У̶ΪǡԵ¹֮࣬ɾί½׻׽ַ
ϲ£һ;ۣʱһס˵ߵһλʥŵҲԼʦǾʶʱû׼ʹϵ˵䡣


54 
ɾַĻ֮, ʵʲɾ, ֻǸĳν, ʵĿҲ˼
ֻɾû, żҲܴһסݵĽɫߡ
˵ֻ¶°촽˫ĿڵʵʵȴӰϵҲǻ顢仯ģۿЦϲŭչ֡
ɾžô˴ߵַϡ
Ҷٷô룬û뵽ҪԼ˾һڴеˣһʱԭʱûҵɾʵأ
ǡҲʶΪҪң
ǰйԼľ飬ҶٷҲǵñǰᵽƵ, ϾԼйصȿġ
Ҳ˵, Ϊ, ѾʼԷظıˡ
̶ٶ͸¶, ֻЦЦ, ˾֪ˡ
˵ǿ, ءׯһԵ٩˵ɾʵҲǸˡ
Ҷٷһգ۾̵ͷãǾȼɡ
ǷǳϺɫ˵硣
ǷҶٷҲôʵصȥһİˣ¶ءаλȨ֮ˡ
̶Ҳ׼һ˵ǣҶٷһΪ鷳¾ͱ֮ؾܾղҶٷõ桢ֱӹĻǳڽĿǡ
ׯû뵽ҶٷôˬشӦؿ
֮£̶ֻЩȣׯĿͺֱˣͲǿɫࣿ
̶ʱˮǺˣҿˡ
ҶٷһĪ˵˰ɣ
ׯ͡
Ҷٷ磺
ðɣԼһʲôˡ
ׯܲܰҸСæٰ䡭Ҷٷ֪Ӧ㲻ıĿȥСģҲʵڲ̫붥źˡ
ׯû٣һЦðٶһꡣ
һһ꣬ʲôġҶٷҲӦ꣬ҩЧ͹ˣһһȫûҲϲַ񣬹Ҳûˡ
δ䣬áˢһ̶ͻȻվľƵӽʯĵשĦ̶
Ҷٷ翴ΪǵȵüˣλɾżңھҪȥ
̶ĬƬ̣ɤӵô鷳ɾӲòȡˣҲûҪַ˼
㲻ǲ֪ΪҪң
ׯҲϷƵƮȥһ̶ۣɫ΢ΣַʦСĶԸ뷻ģ޼ҿɹĿˣġÿҲ뷽跨ļӲѰ֮£ǿСȣҶӲضǡ
ôһȰ̶άɾҶٷҲٶ˵ʲôӦ̶£ô
ׯƽ޹ʴʧҶٷٵһҩ˵Ļᣬ̫ˣҲ˵һԱм
˵ʱһλ¶ȹò˹ΪһЩƣƺƮżƬ۵Ļꡣ
λӣҼҷѾڼˣȥˡ
̶һ㶣ͻȻǿʮһֻۣǺߵͷۣδʲôӦ
Ҷٷ̾ûʲôӣһΪҪϼڵϰء˵ֱһƣͷ͸߸߾𵹽һڣһˣûϵļվ
̶ׯһ֣ȻѾˣҲڴ˶컹£һ
˷ͷ뿪ׯһֱ󿿽ʵα̧һУĸдСӵұ
Ҷٷǰ·ã濴ַһӴδȴû뵽Ƶ·ô࣬žͽͷתһ·ܿҲԽԽ٣𽥱üžˡ
û𣿡
ܿ͵ˣҶĪҪļ
Ҷٷһգ߽һԶǷڻȴһŴС·ºֽţЩ
Ȼ;ãԼѾûءðաˣʦŵŸĻЩ˵õôٲκβҪ׵¡
ûһйǣҪˣˣҲˣŷԭԼϲԭǰƽ
ⶺŪ̶ԼҲãͻȻȥƽɽٺһҩҲã֪ǸǻؾȥһǧķҲá
Ҷٷ绹ʱ㽹ӣеˣ˲֮£ƾ־֮¡
Ҷٷţ鲻ԽЦ۾ƵߣҲ·жôͷˡ
ͷĺҲ鶶˶ë˶࣬ڸղǿڻƴǳǳů֮С
ˣ
Ų͵һͣҶٷЩײǰ̧꣬ͷȥһȿ̻ħĸߴľţɾұ߰ħէ֮Էҡ
Ҷٷո̧֣ҪŰ壬Űȴڴˡ
ڷ羰ҶٷǰģһƼŲľ磬𽥴󳨣Ƽ
Ҷٷ翴棬طⷿѰ˵ҪڿͿտˣֱ
ٿڣǽ컨嶼һŵĸɫֽɡڵԲԲɡſ¶ŵĻܽ㣬һһҪΪЩָֿߵǽڷ絲ꡣ
ֱ߽ȥһƬ⻬ӳӰʯͷש棬ʱӳɡԵѤʡ룬һŽɫߵ°׳£˶һ棬ϰڷһײߣΨһļҾ߰ˡ
һ䣬һĿˣӣȴ͸һɹ֮УЩ߶桢Ҳ˵

Ҷٷԥһ˲ֱ컨ľ󰲾£һ˿϶Ҳû
ˣˡ
ǰȥҲǰǰɾԶ
ýˣҶٷŵԿɾߣȻ紫ڵ۾ӣȴԵɫٵģ˫ӣɾ鶯գۣβ޳üһͬбޡ
ǻе˶ˡ
ۿɾ¾ͲֻԹԵϴݲ裬һԲҶٷŲ˱ҲȲסˣȿڵ֪ν棬ʲô£
ɾֺһ٣Ͻɫһ̧ŵ͸ֱ߳Ҷٷһ㶡
ǸҶӵʱ䡣ɾŶ˵Ҳ̬ȺºͣδռԼλߵݾӵʵҶǰ󡣡
ҶٷȻֺ֮ϤУɾʲôģܾƵ
ʲô£
µĴǹϵҲóƣ£һҶΪǣߴţӸ
Ҷٷƣô֪
ɾûлش𣬼˵ڶ£ҶӰæȥһ¹ǣΪѰһ¡
Ҷٷ죬۾Բң
ˣ֮У̶ΪǡԵ¹֮࣬ɾί½׻׽ַ
ҶٷûкȲ裬㣬Ҳǿģϲãɾһ䣬Ϊλ뵽½һͨʿ
˵ϸڣִֽţһǽ¹֮ǰֵеΪʿһһܶ飬ɻǰȥĸɴܡϣҲһ
ڵ˿¹Ѿ˸˭̤Ĳ֮أ˵ӡУ¹ǴͿ̿Թ졣


55 
ӣ
һ, Żתعͷ, ºͺ͵΢Цȴﲻ̫һˡ
ȻŵͳЦһ䣬ԭ
һ˵ڽ̸, ˵Ҷٷû塣
ؿ̶, ջҫԼʵڲ˼ѯʸղǷ˵ʲôʳȻվ, Ȼȥ˴ǻȣǺըĲɫ, ȾøӲʵ
̶, ΢΢, Щ̻ǺÿôԶҲɫʰ, Ӧߵϼ
̶, ǰƭ˵, ǰȴű̻ϼε, ţģʱžȾɫ, ת˲š
Īһ, ̶˱, ĳЩʱ˵Ķѹ£ŵ
λС˵ǡ
ô˵˵ˣ
ƳɹŪɹϲɺأٺٺ١
ҶٷЦøˣƽܱ˵ûгϢġСӣȻϴóĲǣ
Ҫ滻ƽʱڶ̶̼ϢദʹһϿּжϳԷ˭ȥĶʲôġҪ˵ʵҲûǸųʲôѪţѪ𣬸ʲô޵ħ˵ôͷͷǵ
ɺþͺڣǰ˱飬֪Σ͹̷Ҫ̶ҳȥ;ĺۼ¼֤ݣѶȾʹ󽵵ࡣ
˭ûôСܲܿô۸ӵࣿ
ʱƼ̶ֲȻ飬ҲŲߣ͵͵ȭôֹڴ϶ǱҸӦˣĲˣҮ
ϲңȻǹƥųͷ̶ϲĹάԺö࿴о
ǰôû뵽أڰ׷̶ʿмһ˵ľǲʵʵߵľڸĻԺͱԩĺˣֱοԼµһԱ
ôһ룬̶Ҳͦù
ۣҶٷ绹ûü꿴ֻǵ򾾫޹öﻹ̶ʦŴ࣬һжŵװףôɷ˵˾ɾ
أ̶״Ʋؿˣ;İաԴӡ𣬾ÿף񣿡
Ҷٷϵݣͷǰ
Щɱ˵ɵϰհģء
̶ͣ٣Щ̾ϢôЩ죬ҾһҲûлͷأ;İǴʱ˿̣ڷĵظе˺Ͱİɡ
Ҷٷ翴ϾҪ˴ļƣûסͬˣ̣ش˳㲹ϾֻųǽҹĵΪɲҪ˸߲𣿡
ڲ֮ǰ̶ûκ׼ıʱէһ仰ȷҪ鼱תֱµģˣҪͷߣٺõĽƢҲԲʶȤġ
ΪʲôǲʶȤ죬ҥԵ졪ϻ̶̼ܶ۾񷢾ϾѪԼħۼˣôֻƶϳŪͨ˵˵
̶һʼŵģͲҶٷϵ˵ǣǽǰ굱˿͸ԼȴزͱƲ˵Ƶˡ
Ҳһˣ֮£ʦŵİ⣬Լľޡ
ǰֻ֪ǷǶԴֻ֪Ҫʤԣ޹ﲻܻԸеնɱų;һ·ɲУҲԸعʦŸЩʱ䣬·϶
ףʦҪնɱģʲôװģտ̾;ÿҹĿ־Դ
˵򾾫Ѿ뿪;򲻻ٻأֳǻ˼ңҲѾΪаʳһĿʬ壬ıһͬ¡
һסЩգҹף𣿻ڲ֮ȻյžϮ۷ʲôʶؿ־ǷǾų߳ˣ̻̲գ
棬Ϊһݡ޹Ͳټɵ־ֻ
Ȼ̶һһڵ
δʦŵİţȻ޷ȫȻͬǡ
ԭԼҪģҲʦŵİû£ҪһݽͣҪסеǷݾذˡһʦŵ볤ǣ˰ҲΪ;İտǣҲõĽʹɢȥ
Ҷǳˣл㡣ҶٷãȻע£̶Ȼǿǵлģ˻Ӧ֮ǰ˻⣬˵ô࣬δ̹䡣
ҶٷûӦ
̶֣ôȸղŸˣ
Ҷٷ簵ƣѵ̶Ѿȫϲŭˣ
һӡԽԽãټһɡ
㱨ʥţֱϵ״ͽҶҶٷ硣
̶ıɫͺֱˣ΢΢ȻȻ򣬶֮еĵȻͲ˵һ䡮ԭʥŰֲáˡ
ʥţŲôڻǸСɵʱϳаȴ֮һɲͬʥŵԱΪӣʲôħȫУͽͽҪǮƵģ˿Ҳ࣬ƽ츳صĶһرɡ
Ҳеһ
һһڸ̬װˣ˧ʱʥžͿʼ£Щ˲յͽܣɻħֶǴʱʥѾʼħһҺгңŸ˫޺ͨ黯ɸΪˡ
̶ôһǰҶҹӣ;˵ȷʺʥšƽƽ츳СΪҲͻЩ벻ıºʹǻۡ
ǰʥ˼볬ǰɣڣʥҲΪرɡȵ綼ƽħ֣֮ҲɱɱרעˣУͲðÿͽʳԽ츳Ƶɣȴʼ׬Ǯˡ
ٿҶٷ磬һ¿ѰȴŽ˿İƣֻ⣬ԴѰ˼Ҷܵұľƺ«ãɢľȴΪκξҺǧȻƣǮƷõģԵֳһڣȴȪˮƵĺʡٿǱϽ
ΪôѰȴܰôһѺýöϵģͺñ޸֮ȴС˽ʯСӣҶٷ磬ҲǸһ˲ˡ


56 
, ֮
Ҷٷץ׼һ˲Ĳץס˾Ͳ, ȼͣŴֱӷй, ͷһʦ
߾ħˣˣƢҲ÷
׻˵ú, ƭ˵ģǻԻϷ, ٲΰĶ
ҶٷƵֱֱǰ߾ħ𣬡ҪΪ, ˾Ͷ㣡Ʋˣ
Ȼ, Ƣ, ҲȫǲԵġ
һ˵߾ħģ˵ȻǸħ, ƽﾭ, еȤ, ÿ˶Լͷ, Ҫô͹òУȫԼһ˾Ͷֵģ
úĻ˵һ, Ǹߴʤ
յħȻûλ, ˼ձ鶼ԼҪæ, ˰һȵʮǶߣһϹ֡
Ҷٷ֮ɴ·ҲΪħ̫ħ̫࡭
ȻûܳɣǾ͸ɴħ㲨
̶֪ôֻ࣬Ǳһ֪ߵغŵˣæǰץסһֱֽ߬һסҶٷ˱£ħǸ
ѣȶˣһʶĺ£ֻҪ𣬾ͻᾡģϢŭ
߾ħЦȶˣǰ££ȴҵţ
̶˵ƿԣħתҶٷ磬Ц˾䣬˼
˭ûƼ߾ħʱˣֶ̶ֱһʹ·𱻱ӳһƵģܿƵɿ˶Ҷٷǯơ
ʱ̶ΪߣδɳףԶ߾ħĶ֡
Ҷٷģ뵽еľ飬߾ħҪ̶µģǰν֣Ҳ̶汻ŰżǵĶ־
Ҳ֪һײ͵ǰô꣬ʲôӰ졣
Ҷٷǰһֻý¿һ˲ٶһԼѾ̵ħ
ΪҲǻģϾôħ𣬵֡ӱһסҲܶΪ߲ȽżǿظվȵƣʵǲܽСڻ
ǸԼħûôɱˣҶٷ绹ǱܵԺѭҪҪҪҪҪ
߾ħ𣺡ˣ
̶ſɾĹͣˡȿȿȡ
ҶٷͷզˣʲôôͻȻֻܿԲܽȻӱš
£
ףźӶǲǰ棬ΪԼ˵ħǵеܵ
һڲŷӦ˴̫ϡһ۾ǴֿɼؼҮʲôǺ̫۾ѩȻô͵ѵ˵ħʵĲˡ
ԭġֲô󵨡߾ħһһ˫аʮ΢΢Ҷٷ϶µشͷƵôŶ㲻ⱻˡǾƾ㣬ʲô±࿴Уǡ֪һɣǡ
࡯ɾţֻǳڲΪֻ֪мַ֪
ƾʲôңҿɲ˵ģҶٷǿһƺʵֲƮѩ˵ģ
ǳģΪҪ죿ħƺôСǶ֣Ȼ̧Ҷٷϲ᲻һѣҿ㲻ѩֲ˼ֱ˵
ҶٷɨأˣͷһĿ֡
ħĿҲգȥͷĺ䣬ʲôҵߣ
ܳ!$#*()(ҶҶٷֱȣ̧žħ̣ûţһתֱӱ˼ϡ
ͷµζ治ܣԼöħƨɡ
͸ȼ϶ҶٷƼ̶ɱڣתߣһգ۾ûӰˡ
˾ͺ˾ͺãҶٷʶ˿ֱӶԼܣԸȥ¹ǣҲý˺
ι㲻ˣ߾ħֱӽһӵںйϣ㲻ҪѩôɱҲϲѩˣһҾͲƽçײ
Ҷٷ类һӶůĴϣһ㶣ˣҲ̫̼˰һûʱ򡭡
͡
һﲻסЦһԴҶٷɻѭȥƼһŷۺ쳤ȹͷ毺õ¹ڲϣһŸȣһЦڶ
ϸ֪һ£ܷһΪ
ٿǲ֮ϣѼȡּŹǡһ
Ҷٷ״е㱣̲ס۾ٿ
ѩˣڿмȣ
úó԰ԣܳ԰
ôһ߳һ߻Сȵģôĵ
˵õĲʳ˼̻ѳء
ò˵ѩͷƣҶٷԼе˶̫һԴ⣬һһƯͨˣְЦһ˫鶯Ƥ˵˵ǿɰࡣ
Ҷٷ̾˿ҺԼûж̫뷨õĳˣôһҪ졣
ǱѩЦˣĨĨ˹Ҷٷһ۵װ磬߾ħҲϥ֧˴ߣҶٷ縩ȥһӰѹ˹Ҷٷ档
㡢ǡ
һ˵
ѩȫ˺üʮӣľ޴󣬶Ҷٷ߷ȥĺͷĶ䡢ԼΪЯЧʮָȤʮ˳㻹ĽһģΪαѰӴҲȤ
߾ħȫӰ֣һݵѩоߣԼǴӶһŲ֪ʲôҩ裬ҶٷǿȥţعЩľҺ
Ҳˣٺû𣬽ԹԵġ
ǰҶٷп˵߾ħܶ࣬һȤͶ浽ʧȥȤſϷŹڶ໨ģЯֶҩ
ҶٷдˣԼιľԲѰĴɶҩºקס߾ħ𣬡㲻Ҫ̫ղ㵽׸ҳʲô
߾ħĺ䣬Թڵҩ
Ҷٷ磺
ƿţָָ棬ƺûȥԺסˣƽʱʲôҪֱӻСɡô
ҿԸĸƺֱӽгƺ޷ĳ羴֮顣ҶٷŬڳϿҷǳģͲ۾һһˡ
ð΢΢һЦǸеƵĳһƫͷͣ˿ûʲôƢļ󣬡ʲô
ҶٷסҪУԼһͱɵΣգССؿڣǡˣ
ǵĿҶٷϣ΢΢ۣǽЦЦԽˡԽΣζʮ㣬Ĭ˼Ϣ֮ųҶٷķŲһͷ˹ȥǶͷֵľ룬
ܺá
Ҷٷ亹ˣƽһεϷˣǸֵָܴһٸԼ߼Ҫдϲÿô
Ϊ̫ţǾҪľ룬ҶٷҲûע⵽ǵƺһƮһ˲žͿЦҶٷҲ˿


57 
ҶٷٴλʱԼѩϣ߾ħȽʵ, صڴϡ
ûüôһգԼͳơģ, Ҷٷ;е䡣
̧ͷȥǴű, һ󺮷ӿ, , Ҳϵĺ
ƴȫҲֻ۵ľ, ʱصڵϣصľмʼٸվſ, һ, һ˲Ѹ˪
Ҷٷϳ˵ϳǸߣ۾ҲסƵɫʵ, Ƴüģ, ʱ˫ü壬ŭڵģ, ҶͷĻ·ա
˳Ϊɾ, ʶ˽
ࡣ߾ħȫɫ, ϵ˵Ц⣬˵ʱΪҶٷ̫ȵϢ࣬˿ȣһΪ㲻ˡ
ҶٷеãȻʧȥʶǰһ仰
Թڵҩ
ˡ
߾ħ𣬲֪Ŀ˺δǵˣҪˣŪ
ɾɢŴ̹ǺҶٷԼǰȥɾƿʱܵǹɺ⡣
ǹòģ֮ȴŭݣߴʱ·ŵĲʲô˵٣ԵɲҶٷĲͬɾһδŵģҲסߣϣһֻѿ¶졣
߾ħųʸˣƵģҲ֪Сӵ⣬ʱ㲻ܣʱ˿ͷˣ㵹Ǿٽô
ɾֻ̧ͷѩѩȳȥûˡ
ѩͷҪֱѹ˻ȥϻѹɽãҪұ۾סɣ־͵Ҳڡ
Ҷٷ磺
ͷôôͲܰڳŵͻ
ָˣҶٷʵҲ˼ôѹűˣԼֲεģһֳŴǽڴ𿪣˳·á
߾ħԸֱӸ첲һ§ҶٷסҶҽˣ԰Ҵһѡ
Ҵ򲻹㡣
ô֪򲻹ħԲŹֻ㵽ΪֹӮˣ˾ͻ㣬ˡ
Ҿһħ𣬲ǿ㾭˱ֱԤľˣɾԺ󶼲ˣֱ˵һҽѩˡ
ѩҽһҪ
ҶٷͬԴôϲħˡ
ѩ۾ҡͷ᲻ôóԵģĶҪ֪ôܳԿ϶Ҳˣ߾ˣҪ
ɾ챻Цˣ㲻Ƕס𣿣Ϲ廰ʲô
߾ħЦ򲻹ҲҪѩҴȥʮ£ҾͽһԶСӻ㡣
ҶٷһĮذԼϵĸ첲һԿˡ
ɾּۻۣУ㽫ͷƴˣ⻹ô
͸Ҵ򣬴˲Ҫ˻ճ㣬ⶾɣˣٸⶾ
ħҪ̫ɾˣֱһӹȥǴ룬ѿڴ˪ƫƫϵ˺𣬡αطҪΪٲ֣ͱҷˣ
߾ħһãֱѩһץһնԾڵһ֮£ͷԺٲֻۣȫһƼȫǮӱ
ɾһЦɽ
Ҷٷ綼ˣ˫Ǯ̫˰ɣ
ɾ߾ħһͬͷ죡
ѩһͷסԼס߶䣬һ̧ѺõذæסҶٷ졣
˾͵ҶٷҲԻָɡ
ֻҶٷ绹ûӦⳡ򶷾ǰˣǰ˲У嵽ôġ
ɾһճˡ
ħƺû˵ӣû档
ˣɾϵƺɾ࣬ûտʼôˣѩԴߣҩ°ɡ
ƻħק·Լϣǻмߣ㶼ҽˣѩҴ߼죬ȴֻһһݽҩڹռ˱˲ŵԵµ£óû٣ٶƭЩǮƱ
ɾҲܻ䣬ǰҶٷ磬ֱһקסд⣬ΣѩȥĿɲҡ
ѩԱѾ͵ۣڴؿ߾ħĴԼȥ棬ɱ춼⴬ˣǵ¥ƵĶһϢء
߾ħ˿ѾųԿͳԿɣߵĻȴת˸Ȧ˻ȥ
ҡˡ
ɾ˽Ƣϵ۾΢΢󣬡ʲô˼
ѩξͲˣҩҲˣҲǹƽŵ߾ħЦһ߽ɾȻƹǴߵˣ󱻲ظʵҶٷ֣֪Ǹϲɵˡ
Ҷٷ磺ˡ
ҩȷϣ߾ħȤϾϵĻ᲻ɶãһˣ¾ûôˡ
еĻ˵߾ħߵ˺٣˲š
еֵֹģžǽֻȤˣҶٷһʼͦģǸħԣ֪ߵغ񣬿¸ħӡ
ǵɾΪԼӦħ֣Ȥ̶ȾͲһˡ
ܡ
Ҷٷ̧ͷɾıӰĵء
ǲɾΪҪԼȣƾ̶ԣϵĻƺò߾ħ˵ŭ
ѲİҶٷ統ԼˣԺһǽŴַСģԲŴĵﵱԼ˻ţ
ԽԽ£粻룬Ҷٷ۹۱Ǳǹģˡ
ֻҪħ𲻸ԼⶾζȤڣҲʲôҪĶֻǸԻǵĶȵԺٺ٣Ȼͷȫޡ
߾ħ𲻿ò˷ӦֱӻһŻȻʧʱɾµƬƬ˪
һ˲䣬ֻžһʯϸСİɫмɾ¡
ѩ
ްɾ̧֣סԼѿߣҲס˲϶еʵݣħδ˵ұ
ҶٷƳȥȴɾת㿪ˣʼάűģָ֮ǰĳҶӣַдܣж衣¹֮лֱ棬ʱٺúóлҶӡ
ţҶٷҲ׷ſѿˣԹվ󣬡лɾȣ»òԣһʱ嶯ˡɾҪҪһʶӡǣʱɾ¹֮µĵչ
ء
ƵģɾҲܿ뿪ˣŲæûٸҶٷٶĻᡣ
ֻʣˣ˵ҶٷõóԸѩһȴˡ


58 
ҶٷãȻغ˼, ٴλصһɫĻǰڳٶ۵ϳ˱ûеׯľԶĶԽϣһˡ
ׯǰ壬һɻ, ٷܵܣǿ¥µıݵģô
ҶٷЦ, ˲ˡ
ׯһüţ
Ҷٷһ, ʶĽɫˣٿЩӹ֬׷ۡ
ׯЦˣԱߵļСĶȴһšüõ廨ƵĶ˹, Ҷٷһֲһ䣬˵ǹ
˵վͲ˲ͷڵ亹, Լѹ
ٷܵܵɣЩǡׯһ, һСı㲻鲻ԸŲ, ȫһȥ
Աߵλӿճ, ׯЦԼԱߵλã
Ҷٷһ飬Ȼ𵱳ҶʱԼҲôԼ˫Ƶġ
˫ƵëɫưĴӡ
Լͷë׺ҶٷȻˣƽؾҲׯҲ鲻Խ޶⣬Ǿȥˡ
ˣһͷͷǼСȻе磬еƣȴһһЩֽʣеׯ֪ڵż¼ʲô
ҶٷŲӿȥȻ˼С֣
̰룬һơĥۡ
СǷǵأקׯҡΣôү~ټ˵˼ҵſɼˡ
Ҷٷ糹״ˣѭСеӣһ·ֱۡ䵽ׯõϣѯʣ

ׯүڸ
ׯһҫ°͵ЩСĶ
Լῴ
ַ֣Ѱ˹ȴַϷĵСĴݻؾ
͹ׯˡ
ˣҶٷѹڰ½Ƿׯλɾתġ
ʲôׯָ΢ˣˣȥٿȤĶ
Ҷٷغ˼ֳ˼ڵģŸܽԼƵصĴɢȥׯͻȻȻءŶ~һ
ˡ
С۵شչȥΪҪ˵ʲôո䷽
ׯٷܵǲϲ̫İɣ
Ҷٷ磺
һԵǽڽÿ̨ϵĿ˸һ߹ǽڣţߵһͷ£ϵһöСɫׯҡҡ첢δȴһרŷһ߹ˡ
λүҪʲô
ׯһ˵ӣָָԱߵҶٷ磬ңֻСɽ򡯵֡
Сɽ򣿡
Ҷٷ˵ʲôǱߵ˷ԸѾת뿪
û뵽ׯӶİﻹϤôҶӴδ𣿡
̶һഫֻһֻ˴뿪ȥ˵λСүҶٷһ࣬ǰΪҶӻϲ򡯵͡
˵ЦˡҶٷһЦû뵽̶ôæˣæ껹ǵûҳֵطȻϤúܣ᲻˽⣿ɽһġ
̶һ㶣ҶǺ¡
Ҷٷ磺ˡ
ɣҲٺϼһɣ̶ش𣬱վС֣ȥɫģֵģʫʸ踳ͨġɽ򶼽Ǻúѡһ
Ӵ˵ģСϸЦŵʱס죬۵һƬɫֵģҪֱ̽ͷڻûӿ͵ģһ¥ء
̶ɫ΢壬ҶӣҾͲ
ŶҶٷԣ̽ͷһ¥ȥ̨ϵȷվ˲ٵˣӵģģбѵģˣ԰Լ͵ġ
ҳʮСվɼԼŪųһЩע⣬ǳһַʵ̫ãѡСķúѹò
̫Զܿ
Ҷٷ²ʣɴһץסԵСүһͬˣֱӽŲһ¥ԾȥȺ֦չԱߡ
Էһ磬һתͷ̶ȻҲˡ
һ
̶һ£ǡһ¥̫ҡ
ҶٷºЦҲͺ棬ԼҽڸԼ۸Ǹʲôӣ
ĸ̨רŸڱͱ⣬һ¥һƵĶ̨ÿֻ̨ܸպվһˣվһԣ̧СĵĴȣϾ͹ˡ
ҶٷԸ̶׼ȿѡԺ͵СүһˮϷβһһСļҳһ·粽룬̫̰棬һСܶȥ
ǸĽ㣬ȴƫƫҪҶϵĻȤǳ˸ںĴ㡣
̶һ߸ţһͼ廰ҶӣҶӣɾǲ˵ʲô
ҶٷͷҲأ˵ʲô㻹²Ҫȥ¹ǣʲôλ˲ȳϸ
СүæԱ߽ܣλ񡣡
̶Сүһۡ
Ŷ񰡣֡
һͷɢţЦǷҶٷһֻذ׵֣ҶٷΪҪףͷ
Ҷٷ磺
Ǹλү岻ʣֻղ
ŶǿϧˡҶٷ类ͷñСˣתȥһҶ
̶ͼӻ¹ǵջ֪ܿ࣬ҶӴʱ
ʲôҶٷɲĲɵӦһûȥ˸ôӺβҲ֪ôӦأѵи߼
̶ǫ߼㲻ϡ
Ǿ͵ȵ¡ҶٷȥҲȳƣƨ̡
Сүλů
ů֬۸٣˧ƼҶٷ翿ҲЦ⣬Ǹ߰Ƴһ̧ۣһҶٷ򣬽ֺ˳ż羱ֱ򢣬°
ҶٷװȤؿ˿䣬ǿû㿪ůҲͦãŶվôȣ
̶΢һװõůģһվȣһЩ¸̨
СүûɿһλҲɣ
̶ޱ飬˽˰ɣӿˣЪŰɡ
ҶٷͷҸղź񿴼ʲôȥˣ㿴𣿡
ûС̶ҡͷȰ˵Ҷӣʵ취ʲôģ˵¹Ǿˡ
˽һһòСģһȦСĲ屧ֻգǸҶٷʱˤ˲˶Ǻˮˣһûϡ
˺棬ҶٷҲڶֽˣЩͻȻ״ģƾ̶⵹⣬ԼϽ
̶ôѲɻ¸˸Լ·Сү伫
ҶٷЦ⣬ԽҽСģҾƫҪУҪһԻǮգͳһЦƷʯСүš
ַ̻ȥʯΪͨûҵģֻ


59 
ţ
ҵͺˣק·Ļ̫ȡ
û£ҪˤȥͰ·, ʲô
ӭֻ·ļݣ̶һת, ЩҶٷˤȥ
Ȼģˤȣ
Ҷٷ벻óѣٴһƽʱ, ֱ˱˹ȥ, ǰ󱳵ġ
Ǽֻ, ¹ǽǱһʱ, Ȼǲ, ܱȥ, ֻ¡̶һ, һ߽Ȼ¹һ, ¹ǵ£ǵ, пԣߴֲܶ, ҡ
ڵ, 𴦲ͬ, ۿûиּ̣ⶼȽ࣬Ҷٷ粻뵽ĳЩ
ʰɨģ
̶ЦˣȻǣǰѣеаãľϲ
Щصëףǲôµ۵ģһǰҾ̶ڶĵһ£ɳˡ
Ҳ˵Щһ·ϿǸɵģ
ȻϿˣҶٷ绹װ֪ӣ̶ȷһ顣
ûҲǸշֵġ̶˵ۣطȻѰһι̣ǾԶ֮ġ
лˣطܺáҶٷ絽ߣѰ˴ط£ȫûæӣֱӾȱۿʼϢ
֮ǰƶķ̫࣬طôңһžǼɹָĺá
ʼɫ̫ãȷļ̶ҲûٶţЩ޷ڽɽҰڵ֮УԼٴγѰ
ȵ̶ĽŲȥԼĪһʱҶٷ绺˫ۡ
ЩڽҲ¹ǵֵûϢëǣʱһų򣬷ֳɺü˯ڵϣ·һë׵ĢҶٷһ˽ŲĴȦֵſĴһ£ȷ̶ȷʵڸˣŷ
鱻ڽ﷭ȷ¹֮µ࣬Լ̶ĵ龭
ԭ֮ǰĸ·֮һֱҲΪ¹µ棬ŷǳǳصĿȫ޷ͨ¹ǻԭҲ˲ĳǧаǻǴ㽫޵ĳѨ
¹ǵ˺Ͷڼǰһҩƭˡ
Ǹ񶼲¹֮Уαװģ
Ҷٷеġ
ΪʲôɾһҪԼҲѵǸոռһͨԼ۸ǣ
ǵȻǲܵġ
ʣµΨһܣǺɾҪһصǸйˡ
¹֮ʼٸߣдһɵޣַ͵ණֵ¹αװߴܵҡײƭŽǺģġ
˵һʼɾûԼһֻΪԼǴ߲ԼģȻΪԼļٺ䡭ԼҲǸޣԾúʺץǣ
ⶼʲôʲô
ҶٷסԼԽŤ˼·𾪵ˡ
Ϲʲô˼ҿɾַķӵǧеǮ˻ܴôһΪǸ꾫ôûʶú꾫ܴǾ
Ǻͺĸţ
һתͷҶٷߺͲԶë桤꾫ˡ
һͷԲ۾
˰ɡ
Ҷٷ˦˦ͷպ飬˼·ԽƮԽԶǰʱסڿɲĥʱ򣬶Լֲĺ꾫
ҲҶٷɴˣǼֻëס
ڵĿѾȷҡϺȡ
һȵ³ٰ֮˵ۣôҼ̶ԼһģʵԼȴǸλƤһԵõ
ۣҪǴˣ̶в಻˵Լٱϵһ١ǸҲûҲû죬˼ҵĶ˵ùӵĲ~
̰
Ҷٷߴ̣֪ͱŲ֪˭β˯ˡ
ȵ̶¹ǵѲһȦͷ־ĵĵһ˯ҶһȺͬȾ˯èȶм䣬֪εʲôϻЦ⡣
ò˵⻭滹ͦܰġ
̶ʶ˽ŲҶٷ࣬Ϊ˲سű
˯еҶٷƺܲȣԺ˵λ˸jioޡˡ
̶һæ֣һ߽󣬲ɫЩӡ
˵ʲôþôζЩ
ûѾͺá
ٴ̽һָָ⣬ҶٷĶġ
ţ
ҵͺˣק·Ļ̫ȡ
û£ҪˤȥͰ·⣬ʲô
ӭֻ·ļݣ̶һת䣬ЩҶٷˤȥ
Ȼģˤȣ
Ҷٷ벻óѣٴһƽʱֱ˱˹ȥǰ󱳵ġ
Ǽֻ֣¹ǽǱһʱģȻǲãܱȥֻ¡̶һһ߽Ȼ¹һۣ¹ǵ£ǵУпԣߴֲܶߣҡ
ڵţ𴦲ͬۿûиּ̣ⶼȽ࣬Ҷٷ粻뵽ĳЩ
ʰɨģ
̶ЦˣȻǣǰѣеаãľϲ
Щصëףǲôµ۵ģһǰҾ̶ڶĵһ£ɳˡ
Ҳ˵Щһ·ϿǸɵģ
ȻϿˣҶٷ绹װ֪ӣ̶ȷһ顣
ûҲǸշֵġ̶˵ۣطȻѰһι̣ǾԶ֮ġ
лˣطܺáҶٷ絽ߣѰ˴ط£ȫûæӣֱӾȱۿʼϢ
֮ǰƶķ̫࣬طôңһžǼɹָĺá
ʼɫ̫ãȷļ̶ҲûٶţЩ޷ڽɽҰڵ֮УԼٴγѰ
ȵ̶ĽŲȥԼĪһʱҶٷ绺˫ۡ
ЩڽҲ¹ǵֵûϢëǣʱһų򣬷ֳɺü˯ڵϣ·һë׵ĢҶٷһ˽ŲĴȦֵſĴһ£ȷ̶ȷʵڸˣŷ
鱻ڽ﷭ȷ¹֮µ࣬Լ̶ĵ龭
ԭ֮ǰĸ·֮һֱҲΪ¹µ棬ŷǳǳصĿȫ޷ͨ¹ǻԭҲ˲ĳǧаǻǴ㽫޵ĳѨ
¹ǵ˺Ͷڼǰһҩƭˡ
Ǹ񶼲¹֮Уαװģ
Ҷٷеġ
ΪʲôɾһҪԼҲѵǸոռһͨԼ۸ǣ
ǵȻǲܵġ
ʣµΨһܣǺɾҪһصǸйˡ
¹֮ʼٸߣдһɵޣַ͵ණֵ¹αװߴܵҡײƭŽǺģġ
˵һʼɾûԼһֻΪԼǴ߲ԼģȻΪԼļٺ䡭ԼҲǸޣԾúʺץǣ


60 
Ҳû뿴, Фɰ̶һĿʲôֻϷ, Ϸ
Ȼᡭ̶ʵĺ˺òÿ, ޡ飿
Ҷٷһ, ĵղǾԼòÿء
ˡô£ӦӦǳĬ, Ȼٴ
ָֻô
ÿ
ÿÿ, , Ҳһ𿴿
񾭲ɣ
Ҷٷ統Ȼûл, ΪĿ鵽һǧﴫȥˡ
ֲҪҶٷҲû, Ҳ, ֻԼָ, ⿪ʼ顣
Ͼ飬͸¶һֱӵľҲǼֵǵҶٷ緭ûҵԼҪĶ
, ֪ȥ͵ѧ, Ҫ, ȥĶ, Ҫʲôʱ˺, Ҳ඼֪ˡЩ, Ҫضʱȥضĵصõõģǰ֪ЩϢֱҶٷʡȥ˾ųɹ
ʲô鰡Ǹٿȫ
Ҷٷ˴㣬ڶֱȥʮ֮һ
λߣġŮװС
ʵҶٷҲ̫ʲôŮװСе̫ʻ㶼˼࿴ǿ⣬һϲóƯˣΪ̫Ư˴Ůġ
ݴţλʱä⵽ͬ˵賰ЦЩȻäȴӿģ͹ƭ˵ª۾ƲȻ֪ԼǺÿѿԴĲ֪ǻԺͼʣٲªҲֲ˵˺
ֱ˵ħΪҲ˵Ӱ
˶Ϊ󣬻һʱԼ۾ٻȥҵЩ۸Լ˺ݺݽѵȴһͷݡ塢йصԳ
ȻѾϹˣǰѾΪԼһͷŵò̬Լģġ
ҲԺԼ¸ģֻʱõġôֲڡ
ؼǣΨλߵġõģһֻҪϹãŸһ겻⣬պ÷Ҷٷ
ţô˯ˡ˯֮ԺƺоʶĲȣһҹΡ
ʱ̶ǧﴫֶ
ôˣ
ˣ˯ˣ
м˺˵ҷһޣϵľƺܸȤģˡ
ҶٷգգۣһȻĮغǰݵĴ򾾫ӡ
׼ȷ˵ǵصſ򾾫ֵˮľһȦһȦҶٷĴܲ͸м䣬ɫڳʪĹʱ㣬һȥҲͷβ
Ͼ۾۾ǶӣӦɱơ
һĴŵŨľ
Ҷٷɫһ䣬æͷһƺûˡ
ǿһСԺȵȻӾư
Ȼͱôζ޸͵ˣ
ò²⣬ǰֳִִļһ϶̶;ߵֻԩġų߳ߡˡ
Լవʾв̶ǮԼҶٷǰһڡֵá
̶ŶЦģȻôģڽ֮Լ
ҶٷɫڵòУݲʰԼĶ򾾫û˯Ѿʹ㿪ˡ
ʱֱŶ룬ȥʱȴҪڸ޵ϡɽԽ롯ı̫һԶԶֹųߣŤ̶ţҶٷһ룬ûŰ壬͸˦
žһƵĵľ޲֪ﱻȵˣȻͻؿʼСһһϺƵĿŤڵڣͣ˾ųҵĳȣԼͨߵĴϸ
ǰƵĿռóˣ˳óſڵλãҶٷҲ̧žͳˡ
ίίĿظͣ۾۾ҪϹء
û׷ҹ͵͵Լľƺȣίˣʲô¶
Ҷٷ̲סˣ۾ô
߿ޱ߻ش𣺡ò۾
Ҷٷ磺
аɡ
֪ˣ֮ױͨշ֣ôزסΪֲִ
ң۾۾Լ࣬ϹתСֱ۸ҶٷƳƳȥǸ뿪;ȥ
ء
ֿˡ
ôţҲ֪̫ûó԰ҶٷЦã߹ȥ
ӣ򾽿ߵô˼ƨɡ
Ҷٷ磺˼ƨɵͷˡ
ҪҲԣҪȥͳͼ򾾫ʾ⣬ܵÿ죬ܴҵضֱӹȥҾͲߣƺȣΣ
ܻΣܻضɣôҲǸޡҿħƺҲʺȥλߵɽͷӣ;
ڽҲǻŵģû޵ضݣȥĶһЩ
򾾫붼ûʹӦˣʾܸҶӵԼҡ
Ȼô֪ʲô
ɾҵѽ
ðɣȻǱԼġҲ̶֪֪֪Сô׳
̶֪ôҶٷ粻˿õĿʼǳɹһ밡ͣӣȡԺҾ롮ޡȫ綼ûҲϲҵĵز
Ǿͻϲϲ·ˣĿƽɽ
֮⣬̶Ҳ˿һɻϲС޵İзҶƺԼ׼ľϲʱ⡣
Լȥ֮󣬿ˡ
ϲɺء
ò˵ǣ򾾫ΪޣضǺܾͨģҶٷһƬڰ֮Уûоʲôǰö죬ֻڤһӵĹ͵ƽɽ
Ȼص棬ɫƺֻȥ˰죬硣
Ҷٷôһվ㱻Ϲ۾ҰĶǰѩͷǡǴ죬մӰĵص³оˬģЩᡣ
ò۾Ӧ˹ߣҶٷĸо䣬תϴñҲ࣬ڶ
λ߲ͬλ߲δĳɣʼձԼɢޣ˵Ƣԣ̫ദ
Ҫ˵ƢôԲദ
Ǳ˵ĳһΣǲ֪ȥμʲôᣬǰ˿Ϳرһͨߵĳ羴֮飬ǾͻȻͷһͨ
һظ֮ˣֻ֪ҵΪʵȴҵò
ֱǳģɶ
Ҷٷһ죬ĵղǾԼòÿء
ˡô£ӦӦǳĬȻٴ
ָֻô


61 
˵վʲô, ǿ豦ģʿá
Ҷٷæ֣˵˲, ֲ˳·̶ա
Ǿͻʶӡǰɡ̶˵̧Ժ, ͬĴ֮ˣиӦ
ʶӡǣԼҪϵ˼ˣ, ǴֽףǷ᷽֮࣬öࡣ
ҶٷЦһ, ̶ǹѽĺ갡
Źϣ
ϲѵôʳĵز˰ҸղŵŬѵ׷𣿣
ӡٵòףҲ͸һ, Ҫ
ƴǾҪͲ, ҶٷΣֻҲָ̧ǵ, ӡǻཻʶ
ӡ, ̶Ȳص淢һ˼, ոյ֪סڶͼŰݷõС, Ǵͷβûô΢Ц˿̿ȥҲЩڴ⡣
߶ſҶٷԽеѹ·𲻸Ͻ鿴һ˼֮еݾͻṼӵڴ۸ίԷĶƵġ
⸺һ˲ԼıĿģҪ۸̶ԽԽá
Ҷٷִ̧߶򿪷һƴӫ̴ĿƮǰһ̬Ļ¼ŵ̶ʱ·ϵķ羰
֮ˣʶ֮˴ʶӡǣֱӴʶȥ¼Ļ桢˼ֱ͵ԷԺǸڹͨ
Ǽǰʴӱģ֮һµı¡ҲˣʱᱻһЩ˽ǧϹŶΪҵ
ҶٷʱЩ̶˼ʱ˿ֻƼ̶ԼҲͬʱţЩʲôͺȻַ羰֮еʱƺ죬ö̶̼Ϣʱ¼һ·ϸվջδ·ͨĴǰ̫·ߡ
Ȼһͼˡ
ؿ̶Ҳϣ͵ϰˣѰ·Ͼ·ʱ߱߼¼ͼԱʱ֮衣գͽһСݡͼ͸ҶˣҪȥķȻ෴ҲЩܰЩСæ
Ǹ˰Ҷٷָ΢ǸĿڣȷҪЪŵضʲôĶҪʡʱʡˡ
ôõˣôױδġҹأҵøŬ˷ˡҶٷĵװ⣬ںѵ㣬̶ļ̾һ
ĵ׸̾ҿǸ۸ʵ˵ĳ쵰
о仰ô˵ţһ˿ԶͶߵЧǡ
ӣͷ͵Ҫ˳ٽҵ̲£
̲ί˵ͨ˵ǽǮߵ˵ǲǮʯ
⻰ʼеֹŵ̶ϵıڳһ˲ѡ˽ƺǻԼˣȷظһ飬ҶӣҪ衭̲
ҶٷƤٺһЦͷ󷽷سˣǰ
Ȼһ¶ժĲҩֵǮҾû̲ˣȻҲǸ֮ñٹȲûб뻨ǮĵطҾҪ̲ˡ
㣬ˣᣡ
ٿ̶Ҳһ㣬ǻᵱԷ²̨ˣҲûнк֮ѿڶֻǳĬ˵á
ʵҶٷҲȱʲôǮֻ뵽Ĵ㣬Ѿ¶ĸͷ桮ˡˣóһЩȡƭһ˲Ǻõġ
˵ˣҲȷûʲô̲еֻͼֵǧʲôᵼ¶ԷҲǮϵȱǶѡ⣬Ҳ˵Ѱɣ
Ƽ̶ԱԼŵһͷƼ˶Էһװ´ǮĺɰԼϵȷûղЦȻ˵飬Ҷٷ֪ԼҶԷˡ
û̶Ǯ壬մµ˵ԼʣǵʲҶٷͲܲһѴȫʯһССƷû£ԼͲˡ֮󻹲ȥ̶ʲôӦһеʧʣЩˣ
Ȼ٣һ©ԼȵĴ۾ٴŷ·ûԱɫ̶ʶػһ·һ̾Ҫˡ
ǸγŵҪǽ;֮£ϲûд̫ʯǲ֪Ҷǲʲô£ʲôѣŻȱǮ
ҶٷһпԵӣһŰ۵С·ʲô⡢˴ùȲѲŽǮȷģˣ˭֪С˻ô󰡣Ҫҵ֪طЩǮǴҲɡ
ˣ
⻹ȥĶѾԶˡ
Ȼ̶ٲмٺڽǮҲˡ⻹Ҷٷٴ̧ۣٺЦƤֺһǸ;ġǺˡŪ˲Ǯɣ߿أ㲻˭ʧ˶ǮӦһʱҲûԼ;հɣ
Ҷٷ˵ʱ򣬻Ϊһˡӿ϶ǲǲµ;ѽ밵ʾԼĲµ˲ŸӦ˵һּ
ǹᵽп佱Ӧˣһ̶ϲΪͬҪЮûթһʡֱܸˣ
̫вˡҶٷԼ⵽У뵽̶ҲǱԼȹǵ㣬һֱΪԼôһ֪ˣڸղʹǮģ
һ
ΪĳʣҶٷ绹˴֣սһ
˭̶֪ȴûԤϵ㣬ôֱ㶵ؿܻ䣬յ֮˱˴˺ܸоơ
΢ЦǿҪˮᾢһҪܱвģ
ҶٷǺãöԷɸ˵ʾҪЮȻǿȶԷǮǷǳӵоˣǸ˶᲻˵ġ
̶Ҳĺá
Դǰ;飬ʦžҪؿƿ˭˵һĲ񿴿ҲǻܣҲΥʦŵ
񡭡ɲһˡ̶Ժ˼㺰תǧأֻʣ仰
Ҷ֮乲ͬˡ
ݲ˵飬Ҷҹֵͬˡ
˽Ǯص㣬ĥ˵ر׽ζԽǰЦһʣŶʼãʥŹǸˮˡ
ЩԻ·Ҷٷ绹Ҳ֪ҲòΪ֮ͷ𾪻ڲ
ۿ̶˵ֻ΢ЦƺֱǮ֮µƣҶٷֻӲͷƤֽһ䣬˵Լǫ̃ʣҪȴóңתת϶̸㻹ȥǻʶӡô֤ܸʦŸ
裬ҾͲˣΪұȻǳԺծϵˡ
裬ҾͱСαáв㲻Ҳý裬Ҳ뿴ҡ


62 
죬, һһҩĳ, ÿϵϴվӶһ̼ա
һ, Ҷٷ緢ԼƤð͸, ԴĳֵĹΣԶԶȥһëߡֱֹһˣҸѡ첲⡢ȸȵȱ÷ɫһЩĵطҲð𪡣
ϴԡʱҶٷ緢͵ˡ
ҩЧ
˾, Ӧûʲô뷨
ڶ, Ҷٷ緢Լ˱仯ȻϸһȦ, ӤûˣΪԵѸͦЩ
⵹ûʲô, ϵļҲûôˣǿ壬֫͸ļⶼӡǻ˵ӰֻӾЧ
ΪʲôطļⶼòˣҲˣƫƫƨ͸Բˣ
ߵǶƨʲôƫ
, Ҷٷ緢Լһëĺ䡣
ǻþ, һͻܲ, ͷʱ򻹻Ӵܡ
, ǲҩˣʼҶٷ糢ʱҲתԲͣЪĲʵ
죬ķǰ˰磬ҳ˼⣬ͬʱüëëͷĸë۾ģȫȻ䡣
档
죬Ҷٷ緢ԼȥģϸϸҲӯ˼Ҳڡġ
ĵطˣƾʲôǰҲе
Ҷٷ޿̣ðקסߵӣԴ˾һսʮһúƱʣ㻹󡭡
ǡǺǺǺǺǺǡЦ÷·л壬Ȼ󰲸Ҷٷͷôأٷܵ~
ôҶٷɫһһ࣬ͷĿѣո͵͵ڱ󶪵ҩʲôղǲҵģȵȣȣΪϹҾͿˣ
ǻһë˲Цɢ㵱ȻϹӡ
ҶٷʶԼ˵˻ʱһɣԲҲǸ˼˵ĶǶԵģ˵ʲôҶţòã
ǱƵıãЦҩ
Ҷٷ磺á
ܾú񱻺ˡ
졣
Ҷٷһûٳֵֹı仯ϲˣӯ
ûüˣ˱𴲵ĵɷ˵˱ߣ˵ȥԡ
ǰŸոϴǡˣ˵ģǷˡ
ǴȥѩɽصһȪܾ
ð֪ˣǿҩЧ԰ɡҪ˵˵۲ԼȥϴԼ۲죬˻㱨𣿡
ǴӦˡ
Ϳغƨɰɣǰ󶼿
Ŷðɡ

ɶ
Ҷٷͷȥ͵ͣŵػͷ𾪿Цȴǡ
ǣҪǲ˼Ļ
λƽϻ۹ˡ
˲ˡ
Ȼ˿Ĳλǰǰ󡭡ȫǳǳķۣ죡ɫ
Ӥô۵ģ
һѩɽȪеˮȻըֱڻľϵĻѩŨա
һϢ崩·Ҷٷһת۳嵽ǰ鼤ۿ졢Ϣ΢㡭㡭
һĴȰᣬ̧־ͷһԺ䣬ЦŰСɰô˳ˣ𼱣˵
ʵ˵Ҷٷץסǵ죬߬סֱ۶ŲЩҩЧõģԲԣ
գ۵ͷ԰
Ҷٷһõľͺãþͺá
ǿҲάָҰɣ룬һʱ䡣
ꡭҲаɡҶٷĨ˰Ŭ˳ɿǡ
ٲһǺзģǸĻ쵰ռ˱ˡ
ǿȻͲˣȻеڣԼ˵ΪҶСܵһǺڵĿɰգñȥˣظĿڰοұһߵǿЩҩõĲҲãӲ˵ֹꡣ
Ҷٷ͵̧ͷɴ۾ֹꡭǶã
šһꣿ
Ҷٷأͫ׽
룬֮ǰĳҲйһ
Ҷٷָ߬ȭֹ
ʵ겻ڻ~ǵĴԽ˵Խ˳죬һЦؿҪٴηҶٷ繴뻳Уĺ󱳣ҪϲԺЩϡңΪٸЩҩάָãʱʮ궼˶Ϊôģգ
Ҷٷ˫ĿʧһͷײԼԱˡ
Ҷҵڰ߰ɡ
𼤶ˣΪ˹ͷҲԼѪڱʶˣҿҲ㿪Ŀĵͷͼһ°Ҷٷ侲侲֮ǰ˵ҵĿĲǰҩѧ𣿡
ҶٷһקԼ߻ǣȻָ˵΢һͷǡ
ھѧɡ
¶ôˡ
ǱħޣʱҲͼԽޣħػķҲЩħ޶ϰļܡҶٷһѧûиоʲô谭
ȻÿҩֻǵڰտʼֶһǴĻ˳Ϊϸؽÿ֡õĲ֮кβͬѡֲµ
ҶٷǳȻشԼǬͳõǰǫѯʣˣôʲô
ʲôģֱӴҵĲֿﲻ͡ת˵һĻڿе֥źʱӲͣ٣
ôˣ
ǲٶֲˣ޳ķƤһƣ৵ȿƮ㡪¶װԻĶģ
Ҷٷ絹Ҳ̹Ȼشһġ
ǲÿɷءŶһҲ֪ûţ´ȥϸ۲ֲ赭дƵĿڣ΢İɡ
Ҷٷ缱æѯʣ΢Ǿ˶٣ķЩʣ
ǣ΢΢üؿҶٷҡҡͷò˵㣬С͡ɡ
Ҷٷ磺
ǣҲûҵһܳôݵ͵ҩЧϾ已̥һġ
Ŷ
ҶٷϷƽ˾ЩĮȻΪĬֲ
ʵը˻
ͿԳװЩڵĶҮ~Ҿ㲻СĳԵҲЧȫûк֮ǣ
Ҳ
ǿޱ飬˼룬Ҷٷļ򣬰ο
ѹٹʮҾƳרŸõĵҩˣʱ򡭡
ҶٷһæǵĻͷ˵ȥȾܡ
ʱʲôʱһ𣿣


63 
²˭𣿡
ҶٷһʱЩ, ǧﴫһյʱ䣬Ͳһѻ˵
ĸ֮ЩΪµûµ, ַһϵãвκһλ, Ǿ̶úԼҲʶ𲻳ġ
ôһ, ٺ̶ȥ⣬ǻ¶ڶ, ӲӱֲܻԼǰάֵǸḡ
˼ȥ, ҶٷֻýԼĿͷŷ飬һ߷һ߻˸Ӧ
ңҵȻ, ôʵͷȥˣ
Ŷ~֪, ַذ, û, ˶ƺҵ, ζ˲ɣ
մȥҶٷ緭־һ١
԰, ̶ôַ֪ҵģ֪, һֽԺ, Ϊע, ôȥַַ³
, ûȥС
Ҷٷ磺ȥˣ
̶Ǳ߿Цãǵģֻǡ˵ˡ
Ҷٷ粻ԾЦС͸һ԰ڷŵƼԼģЦһ
Ҫļ棬̶ƼԼ⸱ģ
ϸ˼֡
Ҷٷҧҧֻƶ̶ȥµǧﴫӣ㻹û˵ϲʲôء
׻һҪ׻ȡڼ֮ǰϲǶ
ϲʲôģʲôģ٣Ȼ̶ģװһգ
һֱػ̶ܿʱȴȻû˷Ӧ
Ҷٷ粻Цø˾֪߻رˣȻ֮ǰֻҪӵģŶļ䰡ͽӲȥˣ
Ѳɣһ۶֭˲ɣⲻʱ̶Ƶȥ
ʱ¶ľ޴ģҶٷֻЦͣ
ӻûػǾٶˡ
ӣôػأѵֻҪ˾Ͷϲȡϲˣ
ѽҲЦġ
̶ڳסˣǵģˡ
ķǡ
ҶٷԼһϷ̫ˣŻ֮飬̫̫۸ˣֱô߼䶼Բ
⸱ƢӣֱЩɰˡ
ðɣӲԼϲʲôˣҵĲΪһشˡҶٷЦе¼һŬסЦҲ¼ȥʽʺˣӾãˣǲϲͣ
ҶٷԼϣŴѩ֪ʼػˡ˵⻰Сĵעһܣţɽϡ٣ӦûԼߡ
뿴⻰ʱɿһ־ΪӰ
Һߣħ޴еţǽ˶ˡ̶ƽȣ֪ģΪڻشʦط뿼أֱʿ䷶ı׼ش
Եֻңңһλ񡭡ʺҵ͡
ǵģֻǸʶõʿ֮죬ֲǴ˾۸ĳδ̫̫óЦˡ
Ҷٷ绹ǲð߼ˣ׷˼䣬Żϸڵʣ߿ǻˮ治ϲ߲ŮװأǴĪֻǴеòأʦ崿ŵľأ̶ֱΪεĲϲ̫ڸߵͷˣôϲءʦҲϲ̫ϸˣġա

ǱԤҪõ࣬Ҷٷ籾ΪԼҪٽһĸû뵽ߵͷһʣȴԼڱ߸Ѿ̶ˡ
Ǹ֮ϲøˡ
̶̵ҶٷҪĹҶٷٴΰöûٷǧﴫǴﵽҶٷҪЧ
ûľܾȥַˣҪһɽĽڣȥĶν
˵ƽɽܺãҲԸṩϰأΪԷһҪһֻԼ֪ķˮأռ˵ĲϾ֮£ȴµɡ
Ҳֻ޶ȵؽδϳķա
ķѾѧò࣬յ˵ϣƽɽȴҲûʲôԽˣʣµĲ֣ҪȫҶٷԼϰ
֮ҶٷҲôзҺĸַʦСĻ飬ɽ¡
**
ɽҪȥĶ
һǷ׹໥ײ죬յˣװ˵ŮԣҲñƽЩ
ҶٷѶͷǼֲ֣޲˵˵ңǾþòȥ¸˼һƬ⡣
ŶЦˣȻҲǿ㡣øȥȵһҪҩǹ۲ҩЧʱҲɽѰ㡣
ʵǣַ
Ƕʱ۾һҲҪȥ
Ҷٷһ£в⣬һѹȺƱַķӼħߡȥַʲô
ҳӣ׽飿ֳ
ǣģⲻ;ˡ
ûڿҵˡ
ҶٷЦãȻҲȤʱһͬǰȥֻ;кһ˻͡
ǣŶʲôˣеŮģúÿ𣿡
Ҷٷе㱣һ˲˱׵׷ʹػĴһǡʲôϵʲô
ûʥšסڼʱÿÿ˭ҵĹСߵĽˣҪǰôһΡػʡ
ȻҶٷ򾲵뵽ʲôˣ϶ҲԼ˵ġ
еޣͦ˧ʶãǷǮ
ޣôһСİջĸĸʽشˣûʱģ
е߳ܣҶٷǿװȻŲߣǹȻЦ˳ޣ޾Ȼ㻹Ǯ

Ҷٷ˸ûϸ˵
ޣҲǲСѿڶպôϿ̶֪ĸĸѡǿϵݣҶٷҪһֱԼһķˡϾ̶̫ǳŵĵӡǿɣÿͽ޵úܣΪ˷ֹǼ޶ѡ
Ҳѹ̶ôԣפձٹȣΪôˡΪĸ޵Ķӣ̶ƸճѾȱһˡ
ҹҶٷһʱҲǻ˺óĹŽƽࡣ
ܻοɵ֮ӰǸĸԭͲеԶ


64 
Ҳû뿴, Фɰ̶һĿʲôֻϷѣϷ
Ȼᡭ̶ʵĺ˺òÿ, ǣޡ飿
Ҷٷһ, ĵղǾԼòÿء
ˡô£ӦӦǳĬȻٴ
ֻ, ָô
ÿ
ÿÿ, Ҳһ𿴿
񾭲ɣ
Ҷٷ統Ȼûл, ΪĿ鵽һǧﴫȥˡ
ֲҪҶٷҲû£Ҳ, ֻԼָ, ⿪ʼ顣
Ͼ, ͸¶һֱӵľ, ҲǼֵǵҶٷ緭û, ҵԼҪĶ
֪ȥ͵ѧ, Ҫ, ȥĶ, Ҫʲôʱ˺, Ҳ඼֪ˡЩ, Ҫضʱȥضĵصõõģǰ֪ЩϢֱҶٷʡȥ˾ųɹ
ʲô鰡Ǹٿȫ
Ҷٷ˴㣬ڶֱȥʮ֮һ
λߣġŮװС
ʵҶٷҲ̫ʲôŮװСе̫ʻ㶼˼࿴ǿ⣬һϲóƯˣΪ̫Ư˴Ůġ
ݴţλʱä⵽ͬ˵賰ЦЩȻäȴӿģ͹ƭ˵ª۾ƲȻ֪ԼǺÿѿԴĲ֪ǻԺͼʣٲªҲֲ˵˺
ֱ˵ħΪҲ˵Ӱ
˶Ϊ󣬻һʱԼ۾ٻȥҵЩ۸Լ˺ݺݽѵȴһͷݡ塢йصԳ
ȻѾϹˣǰѾΪԼһͷŵò̬Լģġ
ҲԺԼ¸ģֻʱõġôֲڡ
ؼǣΨλߵġõģһֻҪϹãŸһ겻⣬պ÷Ҷٷ
ţô˯ˡ˯֮ԺƺоʶĲȣһҹΡ
ʱ̶ǧﴫֶ
ôˣ
ˣ˯ˣ
м˺˵ҷһޣϵľƺܸȤģˡ
ҶٷգգۣһȻĮغǰݵĴ򾾫ӡ
׼ȷ˵ǵصſ򾾫ֵˮľһȦһȦҶٷĴܲ͸м䣬ɫڳʪĹʱ㣬һȥҲͷβ
Ͼ۾۾ǶӣӦɱơ
һĴŵŨľ
Ҷٷɫһ䣬æͷһƺûˡ
ǿһСԺȵȻӾư
Ȼͱôζ޸͵ˣ
ò²⣬ǰֳִִļһ϶̶;ߵֻԩġų߳ߡˡ
Լవʾв̶ǮԼҶٷǰһڡֵá
̶ŶЦģȻôģڽ֮Լ
ҶٷɫڵòУݲʰԼĶ򾾫û˯Ѿʹ㿪ˡ
ʱֱŶ룬ȥʱȴҪڸ޵ϡɽԽ롯ı̫һԶԶֹųߣŤ̶ţҶٷһ룬ûŰ壬͸˦
žһƵĵľ޲֪ﱻȵˣȻͻؿʼСһһϺƵĿŤڵڣͣ˾ųҵĳȣԼͨߵĴϸ
ǰƵĿռóˣ˳óſڵλãҶٷҲ̧žͳˡ
ίίĿظͣ۾۾ҪϹء
û׷ҹ͵͵Լľƺȣίˣʲô¶
Ҷٷ̲סˣ۾ô
߿ޱ߻ش𣺡ò۾
Ҷٷ磺
аɡ
֪ˣ֮ױͨշ֣ôزסΪֲִ
ң۾۾Լ࣬ϹתСֱ۸ҶٷƳƳȥǸ뿪;ȥ
ء
ֿˡ
ôţҲ֪̫ûó԰ҶٷЦã߹ȥ
ӣ򾽿ߵô˼ƨɡ
Ҷٷ磺˼ƨɵͷˡ
ҪҲԣҪȥͳͼ򾾫ʾ⣬ܵÿ죬ܴҵضֱӹȥҾͲߣƺȣΣ
ܻΣܻضɣôҲǸޡҿħƺҲʺȥλߵɽͷӣ;
ڽҲǻŵģû޵ضݣȥĶһЩ
򾾫붼ûʹӦˣʾܸҶӵԼҡ
Ȼô֪ʲô
ɾҵѽ
ðɣȻǱԼġҲ̶֪֪֪Сô׳
̶֪ôҶٷ粻˿õĿʼǳɹһ밡ͣӣȡԺҾ롮ޡȫ綼ûҲϲҵĵز
Ǿͻϲϲ·ˣĿƽɽ
֮⣬̶Ҳ˿һɻϲС޵İзҶƺԼ׼ľϲʱ⡣
Լȥ֮󣬿ˡ
ϲɺء
ò˵ǣ򾾫ΪޣضǺܾͨģҶٷһƬڰ֮Уûоʲôǰö죬ֻڤһӵĹ͵ƽɽ
Ȼص棬ɫƺֻȥ˰죬硣
Ҷٷôһվ㱻Ϲ۾ҰĶǰѩͷǡǴ죬մӰĵص³оˬģЩᡣ
ò۾Ӧ˹ߣҶٷĸо䣬תϴñҲ࣬ڶ
λ߲ͬλ߲δĳɣʼձԼɢޣ˵Ƣԣ̫ദ
Ҫ˵ƢôԲദ
Ǳ˵ĳһΣǲ֪ȥμʲôᣬǰ˿Ϳرһͨߵĳ羴֮飬ǾͻȻͷһͨ
һظ֮ˣֻ֪ҵΪʵȴҵò
ֱǳģɶ
ףߵ
ҶٷãȻغ˼ٴλصһɫĻǰڳٶ۵ϳ˱ûеׯľԶĶԽϣһˡ
ׯǰ壬һɻ󣬡ٷܵܣǿ¥µıݵģô
ҶٷЦ˲ˡ
ׯһüţ
ҶٷһᣬʶĽɫˣٿЩӹ֬׷ۡ
ׯЦˣԱߵļСĶȴһšüõ廨ƵĶ˹Ҷٷһֲһ䣬˵ǹ
˵վͲ˲ͷڵ亹Լѹ


65 
Ȼһط顣
Ҳû뿴أФɰ̶һĿʲôֻϷ, Ϸ
Ȼᡭ̶ʵĺ˺òÿ, ǣޡ飿
Ҷٷһ, ĵղǾԼòÿء
ˡô£ӦӦǳĬ, Ȼٴ
ָֻô
ÿ
ÿÿӣҲһ𿴿
񾭲ɣ
Ҷٷ統ȻûлΪĿ鵽һǧﴫȥˡ
ֲҪ, ҶٷҲû, ҲֻԼָ⿪ʼ顣
Ͼ飬͸¶һֱӵľ, ҲǼֵǵҶٷ緭û, ҵԼҪĶ
, ֪ȥ͵ѧ, Ҫ, ȥĶ, Ҫʲôʱ˺, Ҳ඼֪ˡЩ, Ҫضʱȥضĵصõõģǰ֪ЩϢֱҶٷʡȥ˾ųɹ
ʲô鰡Ǹٿȫ
Ҷٷ˴㣬ڶֱȥʮ֮һ
λߣġŮװС
ʵҶٷҲ̫ʲôŮװСе̫ʻ㶼˼࿴ǿ⣬һϲóƯˣΪ̫Ư˴Ůġ
ݴţλʱä⵽ͬ˵賰ЦЩȻäȴӿģ͹ƭ˵ª۾ƲȻ֪ԼǺÿѿԴĲ֪ǻԺͼʣٲªҲֲ˵˺
ֱ˵ħΪҲ˵Ӱ
˶Ϊ󣬻һʱԼ۾ٻȥҵЩ۸Լ˺ݺݽѵȴһͷݡ塢йصԳ
ȻѾϹˣǰѾΪԼһͷŵò̬Լģġ
ҲԺԼ¸ģֻʱõġôֲڡ
ؼǣΨλߵġõģһֻҪϹãŸһ겻⣬պ÷Ҷٷ
ţô˯ˡ˯֮ԺƺоʶĲȣһҹΡ
ʱ̶ǧﴫֶ
ôˣ
ˣ˯ˣ
м˺˵ҷһޣϵľƺܸȤģˡ
ҶٷգգۣһȻĮغǰݵĴ򾾫ӡ
׼ȷ˵ǵصſ򾾫ֵˮľһȦһȦҶٷĴܲ͸м䣬ɫڳʪĹʱ㣬һȥҲͷβ
Ͼ۾۾ǶӣӦɱơ
һĴŵŨľ
Ҷٷɫһ䣬æͷһƺûˡ
ǿһСԺȵȻӾư
Ȼͱôζ޸͵ˣ
ò²⣬ǰֳִִļһ϶̶;ߵֻԩġų߳ߡˡ
Լవʾв̶ǮԼҶٷǰһڡֵá
̶ŶЦģȻôģڽ֮Լ
ҶٷɫڵòУݲʰԼĶ򾾫û˯Ѿʹ㿪ˡ
ʱֱŶ룬ȥʱȴҪڸ޵ϡɽԽ롯ı̫һԶԶֹųߣŤ̶ţҶٷһ룬ûŰ壬͸˦
žһƵĵľ޲֪ﱻȵˣȻͻؿʼСһһϺƵĿŤڵڣͣ˾ųҵĳȣԼͨߵĴϸ
ǰƵĿռóˣ˳óſڵλãҶٷҲ̧žͳˡ
ίίĿظͣ۾۾ҪϹء
û׷ҹ͵͵Լľƺȣίˣʲô¶
Ҷٷ̲סˣ۾ô
߿ޱ߻ش𣺡ò۾
Ҷٷ磺
аɡ
֪ˣ֮ױͨշ֣ôزסΪֲִ
ң۾۾Լ࣬ϹתСֱ۸ҶٷƳƳȥǸ뿪;ȥ
ء
ֿˡ
ôţҲ֪̫ûó԰ҶٷЦã߹ȥ
ӣ򾽿ߵô˼ƨɡ
Ҷٷ磺˼ƨɵͷˡ
ҪҲԣҪȥͳͼ򾾫ʾ⣬ܵÿ죬ܴҵضֱӹȥҾͲߣƺȣΣ
ܻΣܻضɣôҲǸޡҿħƺҲʺȥλߵɽͷӣ;
ڽҲǻŵģû޵ضݣȥĶһЩ
򾾫붼ûʹӦˣʾܸҶӵԼҡ
Ȼô֪ʲô
ɾҵѽ
ðɣȻǱԼġҲ̶֪֪֪Сô׳
̶֪ôҶٷ粻˿õĿʼǳɹһ밡ͣӣȡԺҾ롮ޡȫ綼ûҲϲҵĵز
Ǿͻϲϲ·ˣĿƽɽ
֮⣬̶Ҳ˿һɻϲС޵İзҶƺԼ׼ľϲʱ⡣
Լȥ֮󣬿ˡ
ϲɺء
ò˵ǣ򾾫ΪޣضǺܾͨģҶٷһƬڰ֮Уûоʲôǰö죬ֻڤһӵĹ͵ƽɽ
Ȼص棬ɫƺֻȥ˰죬硣
Ҷٷôһվ㱻Ϲ۾ҰĶǰѩͷǡǴ죬մӰĵص³оˬģЩᡣ
ò۾Ӧ˹ߣҶٷĸо䣬תϴñҲ࣬ڶ
λ߲ͬλ߲δĳɣʼձԼɢޣ˵Ƣԣ̫ദ
Ҫ˵ƢôԲദ
Ǳ˵ĳһΣǲ֪ȥμʲôᣬǰ˿Ϳرһͨߵĳ羴֮飬ǾͻȻͷһͨ
һظ֮ˣֻ֪ҵΪʵȴҵò
ֱǳģɶ
е˵ڻû˷֣ҲҪȵʱżȻҵڡ


66 
ⷢҲãû¶¶Ҳ, εķƢԤı, ٳˣҶٷͷټٵǵ㲻
ƽ, ̶ȵͱ, Щˬüͷһ壬̾ϢˣҲǴӸλǰҳһ̵ֱ֮
֮
Ҷٷץ׼һ˲Ĳ, ץס˾Ͳ, ȼͣŴֱӷйͷһʦ
߾ħˣ, ƢҲ÷
׻˵ú, ƭ˵, ǻԻϷ, ٲΰĶ
ҶٷƵֱֱǰ߾ħ, ҪΪ, ˾Ͷ㣡Ʋˣ
Ȼ, Ƣ, ҲȫǲԵġ
һ˵߾ħģ˵ȻǸħޣƽﾭģеȤģÿ˶ԼͷҪô͹òУȫԼһ˾Ͷֵģ
úĻ˵һ䣬Ǹߴʤ
յħȻûλ棬˼ձ鶼ԼҪæ£˰һȵʮǶߣһϹ֡
Ҷٷ֮ɴ·ҲΪħ̫ħ̫࡭
ȻûܳɣǾ͸ɴħ㲨
̶֪ôֻ࣬Ǳһ֪ߵغŵˣæǰץסһֱֽ߬һסҶٷ˱£ħǸ
ѣȶˣһʶĺ£ֻҪ𣬾ͻᾡģϢŭ
߾ħЦȶˣǰ££ȴҵţ
̶˵ƿԣħתҶٷ磬Ц˾䣬˼
˭ûƼ߾ħʱˣֶ̶ֱһʹ·𱻱ӳһƵģܿƵɿ˶Ҷٷǯơ
ʱ̶ΪߣδɳףԶ߾ħĶ֡
Ҷٷģ뵽еľ飬߾ħҪ̶µģǰν֣Ҳ̶汻ŰżǵĶ־
Ҳ֪һײ͵ǰô꣬ʲôӰ졣
Ҷٷǰһֻý¿һ˲ٶһԼѾ̵ħ
ΪҲǻģϾôħ𣬵֡ӱһסҲܶΪ߲ȽżǿظվȵƣʵǲܽСڻ
ǸԼħûôɱˣҶٷ绹ǱܵԺѭҪҪҪҪҪ
߾ħ𣺡ˣ
̶ſɾĹͣˡȿȿȡ
ҶٷͷզˣʲôôͻȻֻܿԲܽȻӱš
£
ףźӶǲǰ棬ΪԼ˵ħǵеܵ
һڲŷӦ˴̫ϡһ۾ǴֿɼؼҮʲôǺ̫۾ѩȻô͵ѵ˵ħʵĲˡ
ԭġֲô󵨡߾ħһһ˫аʮ΢΢Ҷٷ϶µشͷƵôŶ㲻ⱻˡǾƾ㣬ʲô±࿴Уǡ֪һɣǡ
࡯ɾţֻǳڲΪֻ֪мַ֪
ƾʲôңҿɲ˵ģҶٷǿһƺʵֲƮѩ˵ģ
ǳģΪҪ죿ħƺôСǶ֣Ȼ̧Ҷٷϲ᲻һѣҿ㲻ѩֲ˼ֱ˵
ҶٷɨأˣͷһĿ֡
ħĿҲգȥͷĺ䣬ʲôҵߣ
ܳ!$#*()(ҶҶٷֱȣ̧žħ̣ûţһתֱӱ˼ϡ
ͷµζ治ܣԼöħƨɡ
͸ȼ϶ҶٷƼ̶ɱڣתߣһգ۾ûӰˡ
˾ͺ˾ͺãҶٷʶ˿ֱӶԼܣԸȥ¹ǣҲý˺
ι㲻ˣ߾ħֱӽһӵںйϣ㲻ҪѩôɱҲϲѩˣһҾͲƽçײ
Ҷٷ类һӶůĴϣһ㶣ˣҲ̫̼˰һûʱ򡭡
͡
һﲻסЦһԴҶٷɻѭȥƼһŷۺ쳤ȹͷ毺õ¹ڲϣһŸȣһЦڶ
ϸ֪һ£ܷһΪ
ٿǲ֮ϣѼȡּŹǡһ
Ҷٷ״е㱣̲ס۾ٿ
ѩˣڿмȣ
úó԰ԣܳ԰
ôһ߳һ߻Сȵģôĵ
˵õĲʳ˼̻ѳء
ò˵ѩͷƣҶٷԼе˶̫һԴ⣬һһƯͨˣְЦһ˫鶯Ƥ˵˵ǿɰࡣ
Ҷٷ̾˿ҺԼûж̫뷨õĳˣôһҪ졣
ǱѩЦˣĨĨ˹Ҷٷһ۵װ磬߾ħҲϥ֧˴ߣҶٷ縩ȥһӰѹ˹Ҷٷ档
㡢ǡ
һ˵
ѩȫ˺üʮӣľ޴󣬶Ҷٷ߷ȥĺͷĶ䡢ԼΪЯЧʮָȤʮ˳㻹ĽһģΪαѰӴҲȤ
߾ħȫӰ֣һݵѩоߣԼǴӶһŲ֪ʲôҩ裬ҶٷǿȥţعЩľҺ
Ҳˣٺû𣬽ԹԵġ
ǰҶٷп˵߾ħܶ࣬һȤͶ浽ʧȥȤſϷŹڶ໨ģЯֶҩ
ҶٷдˣԼιľԲѰĴɶҩºקס߾ħ𣬡㲻Ҫ̫ղ㵽׸ҳʲô
߾ħĺ䣬Թڵҩ
Ҷٷ磺
ôһٺ̶ȥ⣬ǻ¶ڶӲӱֲܻԼǰάֵǸḡ
˼ȥҶٷֻýԼĿͷŷ飬һ߷һ߻˸Ӧ
ңҵȻ磬ôʵͷȥˣ
Ŷ~֪ˣַذɣûã˶ƺҵ䣬ζ˲ɣ
մȥҶٷ緭־һ١
԰̶ôַ֪ҵģ֪һֽԺãΪעˣôȥַַ³
ˣûȥС


67 Խӽ
Ҷٷ翴žˣԼ·Ѿ
, , һһҩĳԣÿϵϴվӶһ̼ա
һ, Ҷٷ緢ԼƤð͸, ԴĳֵĹΣԶԶȥһëߡֱֹһˣҸѡ첲⡢ȸȵȱ÷ɫһЩĵطҲð𪡣
ϴԡʱҶٷ緢͵ˡ
ҩЧ
˾, Ӧûʲô뷨
ڶ, Ҷٷ緢Լ˱仯ȻϸһȦӤûˣΪԵѸͦЩ
⵹ûʲô, ϵļҲûô, ǿ, ֫͸ļⶼӡǻ˵ӰֻӾЧ
Ϊʲôطļⶼò, Ҳ, ƫƫƨ͸Բˣ
ߵǶƨʲôƫ
, Ҷٷ緢Լһëĺ䡣
ǻþ, һͻܲ, ͷʱ򻹻Ӵܡ
죬ǲҩˣʼҶٷ糢ʱҲתԲͣЪĲʵ
죬ķǰ˰磬ҳ˼⣬ͬʱüëëͷĸë۾ģȫȻ䡣
档
죬Ҷٷ緢ԼȥģϸϸҲӯ˼Ҳڡġ
ĵطˣƾʲôǰҲе
Ҷٷ޿̣ðקסߵӣԴ˾һսʮһúƱʣ㻹󡭡
ǡǺǺǺǺǺǡЦ÷·л壬Ȼ󰲸Ҷٷͷôأٷܵ~
ôҶٷɫһһ࣬ͷĿѣո͵͵ڱ󶪵ҩʲôղǲҵģȵȣȣΪϹҾͿˣ
ǻһë˲Цɢ㵱ȻϹӡ
ҶٷʶԼ˵˻ʱһɣԲҲǸ˼˵ĶǶԵģ˵ʲôҶţòã
ǱƵıãЦҩ
Ҷٷ磺á
ܾú񱻺ˡ
졣
Ҷٷһûٳֵֹı仯ϲˣӯ
ûüˣ˱𴲵ĵɷ˵˱ߣ˵ȥԡ
ǰŸոϴǡˣ˵ģǷˡ
ǴȥѩɽصһȪܾ
ð֪ˣǿҩЧ԰ɡҪ˵˵۲ԼȥϴԼ۲죬˻㱨𣿡
ǴӦˡ
Ϳغƨɰɣǰ󶼿
Ŷðɡ

ɶ
Ҷٷͷȥ͵ͣŵػͷ𾪿Цȴǡ
ǣҪǲ˼Ļ
λƽϻ۹ˡ
˲ˡ
Ȼ˿Ĳλǰǰ󡭡ȫǳǳķۣ죡ɫ
Ӥô۵ģ
һѩɽȪеˮȻըֱڻľϵĻѩŨա
һϢ崩·Ҷٷһת۳嵽ǰ鼤ۿ졢Ϣ΢㡭㡭
һĴȰᣬ̧־ͷһԺ䣬ЦŰСɰô˳ˣ𼱣˵
ʵ˵Ҷٷץסǵ죬߬סֱ۶ŲЩҩЧõģԲԣ
գ۵ͷ԰
Ҷٷһõľͺãþͺá
ǿҲάָҰɣ룬һʱ䡣
ꡭҲаɡҶٷĨ˰Ŭ˳ɿǡ
ٲһǺзģǸĻ쵰ռ˱ˡ
ǿȻͲˣȻеڣԼ˵ΪҶСܵһǺڵĿɰգñȥˣظĿڰοұһߵǿЩҩõĲҲãӲ˵ֹꡣ
Ҷٷ͵̧ͷɴ۾ֹꡭǶã
šһꣿ
Ҷٷأͫ׽
룬֮ǰĳҲйһ
Ҷٷָ߬ȭֹ
ʵ겻ڻ~ǵĴԽ˵Խ˳죬һЦؿҪٴηҶٷ繴뻳Уĺ󱳣ҪϲԺЩϡңΪٸЩҩάָãʱʮ궼˶Ϊôģգ
Ҷٷ˫ĿʧһͷײԼԱˡ
Ҷҵڰ߰ɡ
𼤶ˣΪ˹ͷҲԼѪڱʶˣҿҲ㿪Ŀĵͷͼһ°Ҷٷ侲侲֮ǰ˵ҵĿĲǰҩѧ𣿡
ҶٷһקԼ߻ǣȻָ˵΢һͷǡ
ھѧɡ
¶ôˡ
ǱħޣʱҲͼԽޣħػķҲЩħ޶ϰļܡҶٷһѧûиоʲô谭
ȻÿҩֻǵڰտʼֶһǴĻ˳Ϊϸؽÿ֡õĲ֮кβͬѡֲµ
ҶٷǳȻشԼǬͳõǰǫѯʣˣôʲô
ʲôģֱӴҵĲֿﲻ͡ת˵һĻڿе֥źʱӲͣ٣
ôˣ
ǲٶֲˣ޳ķƤһƣ৵ȿƮ㡪¶װԻĶģ
Ҷٷ絹Ҳ̹Ȼشһġ
ǲÿɷءŶһҲ֪ûţ´ȥϸ۲ֲ赭дƵĿڣ΢İɡ
Ҷٷ缱æѯʣ΢Ǿ˶٣ķЩʣ
ǣ΢΢üؿҶٷҡҡͷò˵㣬С͡ɡ


68 
Ҫ취, ҲûС
, µ, е˸ǰڼٷļ֤£ɽ确ѪġԪʶģɼ֤ʩ, ΥԣͷҲС
˷ģᾡְؿܺڳЩˣǰЩܳȥĿһһֻҪһ͸¶ٷ繫ӵ٣ùĲ͸¶֮, Ҳ䷢ĵˡ
Ϊ˻ҲΪܲٱº׷, ˽к͡ٷ硯, һС
ֵҵǣڳ, Ҳֻ֮ˣе㱾£ʣµĶѰ, ҪҲ, ƭҲ, ǳס
һһ뿪ʱ, Ů͵͵ʹУҪΪ֮ǰ㵲˵һ𣿡
ֱӦһЩ飬ȴ׼
ҡҡͷȴûϸ˵ֻͣһʱˡ
ðƻһʼĺͬ˽֮ȫڵ£Ҳһһͬ뿪طˡ
ǰðٷ翴ۣлǼǵãһ޴롢͸Щɵˣ߾ħĹƳ֮Ȼħ˳ôԶ·һ۵Ĳҳͷ
Ҫô˹ƳĿƣҪôħѺĳְ취˳
һ֣ԡҶٷ硯Ϊ͹װ쵽¡ʣԼ¶ûգҲˣϢάޱȵĳ̶¡
һ·ϣеĻ٣Ϊ顣Աߵļٷ绰Ҳ٣Ϊںϵͳ
ߵŮûһ;ˣ̣ڴƳĬҪȥĶ
һʳԱߵļٷҲͬʱ˹Ĺз
˴ʱţкŮһѽԱߵļٷһѽԷŻٶڰգ˿ˣڣҲ֪һֱǸɵġ
ٷıеᣬǡǰҴӸղǸķɵġ
У
Ůǲǰɡ
ȿȣû£֮뿪ղǵطͶˡɤӣΣתԱԼϤûôƺ
ٷһ㶣ǰѾ֪ҵˣ
УʵģǻѵһֱעĿֵж
ٷͷƺǾúеǾ½ֺˡ
·ˣеЦؿô𣿡
·˼׵Ǹ·½ɲ˼ڰ֣½½ɵɡ
ԭˡ
½ɣƺˣа˼ȻûдðƻȫϢǿ롮ϵͳĶԻܹ˵ıȷ½ġ
˵չţһС
ǰ
Цſԡ
ŮװһӣҲôֻĬĬƲߣûۿ
Ҫ濴ò½ɴʱŵҶٷһδȫټЩ³çһһէŸСЩԼԸһ磬״죬һ˫βԸߣҲԭЩò䣬ǶʮĴˡ
ʱ½һһǰţȻúܣ˿ˣҲΥ͡
ԼͷǸˣ˵Ǳǰ½ͨºԼڡүҲһüͷһԡèƵģĵһӦ
¿ȸңҵı²ʱһ̻ǿԵġаһָװƼƣĿǰλѻҪҸˣȵԸǵ𡣡
ʱ½ɻ뿪߶Լɣ½ѡߵɣʵѾƶʱ̣Լ½ҲҲڶԸ½ɵˡ
ģԭҲģ̽ѯʣ½ɵĵ´һ
̶⼸ʱ䣬½ɴħѣѾǼޣκȥѰİ½ɾͲôңҲʾ͸Լ뿪
Ҫ䣬ǮҲûУǴץˣȷǡ
ܲء
Ըʲôܰæ𣿡
Ȼ½ɾѱʱ̱ӣⲻ·ƽεһĳĺˡ
ƮƮƳȥһۣ㣿ܰʲôæ
ԱߵŮǺ⣬̽ͷ͵Ҷӡ
Ķӣ
ŮķĹ߻
ħ߶дۿ˿µɽ΢һ£ħڵķȥ½ɸں棬ûȥ˵ĶԻ
ħֻ½ɵء
½ɻںŮһһģĵ
ѽμǵԼжӵĻôܲǵöӵֳҲǵԼأ˵ͨ
ҵȷǲѽ
½ҡͷʵǹޣֻһδɢĹɣ
ŮĬƬ̣ͷ
ǰǰ½׷ȥŴԹһ˽⣿
пһۣԴ䱸΢΢üδֱӻش𣬡ʲôѲѾˣȥޣ
Ϊ׼µݼԼȷȥ˽һЩϰķֻƤëԱʱ֮ѣڣԼѾòЩˣһħ
һħҲãħ˵ʿҲգʲôرԭ򣬶ȥ˽һϣԼֻƬﲻй¶ݡ
ģԼλŮŮϣƺһЩì֮˽⵽Ĺһ̫ǡʵѧղȷԼ˽Ƿ󡣡
аЦ½ɻǻݣչѾ֪֪ˣҪװѧղʿ㵫˵޷ﲻԣ
½ɲ˵ѣ˽⵽ģ˵ԼȥϿĶҪ׼ȷŶԡ
½ɣһй꣬Ҫ벽֮·ǰһǣҪϳԵ仹йϵߵĻˣ޷쵽һҪڳԵ׶ȴ֮ǰ㹻Ĺֻءɢ
һЩżҲд겻ɢ󶼻Ǻܶ£ûججλŮһеĹܼ꣬סܶǰ¡
еͷȷˣķֱµ׵ʱҲˣ󲿷ʵЩֻʣܣԼ˭ǵĲлꡣ
ܼסǰµģЩϵǵĻˡٸӣһЩǰڷдףģҲܼǵԼ˭ʲôΰ֮£ΪķṦΰ̡ȥ
仰˵л˼ס˵ݡ¼Щܱ꣬ѣǵԼݡ¼Խ࣬Щͻ֮࣬𽥱ûجج˼ǵҲʼûвֻ֮ʱ᳹ɢ
˴кŮһ㶣Լʲô
½ɼҪΪޣһЩǱԼǡ֪Լ˭ʱץʱκλˣҲάԼǣǱĽѡһֱŵţҪԼЩǰĶԹԵǶɹ˵һѹء
ҸоЩɻìܾλŮ˵ǵԼ˭ҲԼҲǹޣô˵󲿷ǰѾȴƫƫǵԼиӡ
Ů½ɣЩţָ߬ǰǶңôỹǵиӡֻǵҵĶӡϵҵĶӣҲӦԼиӲŶ԰
ǰ½üͷΨһĿԣǸΨһǵ㡢ˣǸӣˣȴû˸ĸ˭ֳʲôӡȴ˵ںСʱȥˡһȥ꣬ǲסġ
У˵
ŮǼг˵Ҷû
½ɰڰ֣۾˶㣬ֻһܽͨĿԣҲܽΪļĶѾˡ
е𽥱½ɣͷѯŮ֪ӵѶģ
ŮƬ̣㱵ҡҡô֪ġ
дָ£һǺʱ֪Ѷģ
Ů૳ͷӣֻϸָ棬ŵֻһƯߣǿǡ󡭡ˡ˸ҵġ
½һ׷ʣǲǵá
ˡͻȻ䣬ʻµΪֹ½ûйϵˣĶҾͺá
Щħ޵ѹй¶½ɵϢЩӿƽ˵ͷв̫ˣûٶ໰
ѾãѾħڵĵ̣Ƚ˸߶ȣһֵĳȥѰŵ㡣
ҲǸħھӶ࣬ûΪͨΪĳǲǰȥʱ̫һûһ۾Ⱥħĸоէ֮£˸ҵ⣬Ѱյĳ̫
һѰһջ齣½ɵĥӲݸ£лǶһԷϵȴ󷿼䡣
Ů˯ϢԷһһмֻһϴСң½Ǳκ״󣬿Եһʱȡ
½ɵɴִˣס֮󣬹д󷢴ȱһõǵ͵ѧģ򵥱½ɵĳΡ
һԼҲˣ½ԼҲʱ̵Ļᱩ¶١
½ɵģŨüۡžͷǳʣп˿ˡ
ѾϣСһʱ̧֣׳һ磬ҲһͬȻѯʵ
ڿԸ˰ɣڵĹƶΪֹûУ
½ɲʵش𣬡ûУֻʱѹơ
еͷһֱѹȥôѹƶã
ֻҪҲ˯û⡣
еģôܲ˯أΪôͣúϢĻסָ֣ϣħ໥ͻ⿿Ϣǵòġ
ȻϢлָħΪϢҲǿԵģвﵽֵز
˵ˣɶѡ
ƽи취ùƳһֱ˯ţҲú˯һ
أǡ͡һ⣬Ѫɽ
ذûѪ⣬鲻ǰ㣬һѰγذף˺һ˦ȥϵѪػ
űߣ½ͨһڵأŸһţ۵ýҲв亹졣
һ̲ɢѪҪմЬӵʱ򣬹ٴ˿һذף۸ڵϵˣ
ŵ㣬ƤҪҲû˼θѪһţƳҲġ
½һ߶ţһ̧ͷηǰˣ㡭㡭
ʲôסЦ⿴ΪѹƹƳ棬ѣ´ôֻҪƳ滹ţħѪֻҪ߾ħĸܸ֪ƳڸӶѸҵ㡣
㡭ǡ½ʹǰк١ͱ
ңҪѪͲøѧİ취𣬷ǵͱ𣡸첲룬ѪϻƸСӾ˰ΪʲôһͱӰ
ΪʲôĽɫ׶ôб
۵úˣ½ۿžᣬŶش
ҲתקŮݣŮĲ̣ƵƵͷȥкǲˬؿһۡ
Էţоٴſ磬ô
СУɫôôڣԴװŮԣ˹;ŶѾ˺ö޹Ŷǲʵġ
еɫһһһڵģһûһֱըëˣʲô߰أ
ٺ٣㻹棬ڼҲװ˧ŮЦ·Ѿ֮ǰԺ󣬡ġ
˵л㡣££ͷЩӣվǸӣôģ㻹ǵô
ŮļȥǵõģǵõġǶġΪÿµ׵Ķ쵽Ҷ̲סһֱޡ
ôģ
ڡ죬ˮŮƬֱִ̺壬ڲѹˣһŵģԲԣСУǲϵҶӣ
أ㻹ϵ𣿡ǬһССĻŮǰЩ


69 
ŮӹǸ, ж, ָϸϸظ, û˵
ס˺һգգضÿһʱ䶼ļ尾ֻΪһش
ÿһգ۶޷͵ĵȴ, ֱҪĺľʱڷĻ
ҡ
ֻ˵һ֣ŮȻԭأһſϣʹȥ
У
æȥ˷𣬺˼, ־ּ
˻ȥ֪ôչôǹ˯Ҫ, ôȥ
ͷԿհһ˲, ֺܿ侲ŮŲнеĴɺ, 󲼺ñԵĽ뿪ٴͷڡ
ͷ˳Ѫһ½Ѿһ·˶Է, ƺ֧, Եڻûصϰ˿ڡ
ںûз, ½һ, е֡һǣνԽߡһ磬һʺϵֻľʶڵġϵͳһ롮顯Ƶġԭдûǰ·ᣬһηչ
ǱԭдһûжߣûðҶٷ磬ж࣬󲿷Ҳֻ½֮ᵽˡǡ̶飬д½ɵ֮󣬼һС
֮ǰ½ɵֻƬԿ϶ǣ½ѾǱԭͨǱ飬Ĺޡһ˽Ķࡣ
һ˹ȥڿ½ͣ£ȥ֡
ҷȥ
½һ£ƺûղŲԼˣôָıˣ˰ܱԼ˿ںõö࣬ǰ뺦ԼƺҲϷˡԼմѪ۵·ϲ˲䣬˹ȥס˹е֡
۵һ̶ȣʱǰϻ˵ġ
һ·ϣֹѪ˿ڣ˹̶Ƚϼ򵥴ֱᣬ۵⣬½Ѿ֪㡣
û뵽Ƥ˶Լˣ㻹ǸеġвûٺûɫȻ԰ףڻʹȥе㲻
Ҫ½ιȥĻǿֱӰǱԭ߿ˣ˵дźܶ࡭ڰֱӴΣ
˼ߴ߾ô½ϣ߿Ī󱳷šǰ
ˣûʣ׵̫硣
㡣£ڹ֮»˽٣
ꣿҲֻ֪һ
ǡ
Цˣ֪һǹǫġ
δΪ޵ĻǣͻȻʧȥʶ£ɼ
˾
ûСǳܿʲôߴڶʩѹеԹ֮࣬ЧˣǾпܻᱻ˯
˼ǣֻɵģ
ǡ
гĬƬ̣ɫһ۵׵ĺ΢΢תɷ磬ŵ½ֱ㣬ҳš
һ㣬ٳٶ۵Ҳˡ
ŮǸձԼµģѹôɵȵڣҪԹʩҲڲ֪ûκνʱġΨһĿԣǰôѾЧˡ
ǸܿǴʲôþͻȻ֡˹
ȫϵ⻤⻤ûжϵֵɵʱͻȻ˯
ʲôšʲôҶءʲôֽ޳ܵĻԣ
΢͵ػע⵽߰ӵľͷѾԼһѺۣľмƮϵ½Բ۾һܾŵģ
ɫ𽥻ͣΪ꣬һεħһиƵ鼮
鼮Ǻܻһ֣Ϊ̫ۣ󲿷Ϊеɾ˵߷ֻУҪһд˿ھߣ½Ҫûеľȼ֮顣
ûȥע½Ǿϲָмı飬ֱת뿪
̫ˣļһ
׾ٵؾضԼһУȴǸεħ֪֪˵ƤˣȻôûϢڵһ·۵޵۶̲ס
в֪ƵķŭʲôҲ޴йȥԼ׽֮ˡ˵ûϢŭôǺɸ֣ڡɱԼĵ˾ȻСķŭأ
ֻ֪ԼѾã˺һжδ֪ҪͷȥǸԼ˵ˣǸۣǸҰģʵǿҲϻ۹˵ļ֮ˣҲԸǸҪԼܺʩԮֵߣ
صԼԷϵĲĴħֱ˲ˮΪԼһ
ָЩ֮ЩΪƺӰˣЩѣȻЩ豭òȡ
Լ֣ĪЩЦ
㰡㡭½ɣǸ޶Ļ쵰öãˣ㽫ϾɱǧУҲʲô
ħ֡ˣڻħأһ˾ٺãҲסħֵմ߻ɡ
뵽ֻվ¶΢Ц
عϣŮûκηӦԭһ˻װǬڣߵߣ泯Ůعڵء
ɡ
֤ݵģ½ϵǱԭ֮⣬ӡ
һǴʹλĻΪޣһɹɳΪκ߼ĹӵʶҲԹ֮һȫǰ¡
˹ޣռܵõ׳ɢٲֻء
ڶǡΡ֮
ˣ˯źǻεģεĻþεʵвڵˣûεģ˽ơ˯ߡ͡Ρ״̬Ҳֻܡεǰ¡
һӣҲзա
Цˣе⣬𽥲Ƽհɢȥ
зΣһεķգԼеˡ
Ρ֮ѪΪī߹ΪʣƤΪΪýѪᣬҪȻǹ֮ףѾˡ߹ǣƺҲˣԼµ׵ģͷǣЩ׵
ԼҪģƤԼһħģΪġ
ʱ˿̣ǡ֡˯ţ˵ʱ˺ˡ
ذѾóҪʼ׼ʱнյ˫Ȼ
类ˣ
һ˲䣬˻һӰܳ⣬һͼƻߵײ
ڡһӰ໥Ħ𻨱䣬еӰҲͣ˿ͷſڣХ룬ĴҲ͵شڷ˲߸
ݺ󣬹Ƥһŭⲻ˿ڵ
쵰
ô㵽ֱܱ겻ɢ
˱ˣüȴǳ侲λӣȶֵ㣬ôͲ׵أ
㣡͵ȥأ󻬳ɣڵשһǳǳӡӣû˽̹Ҫ𣬱˵Ľ粻ֳʶҪҽ㣿ŲȽʲôǹ
ôôġδ֣վſڣѾ󳨿ľһãղŽ̫ţҲҲϣ
иˣҸоղһԷֻǷأûģԼһƣȻǴ򲻹ģϼ
㵹ǾԼˣҲò½磬ûӦһһðܺҵ֣Ҿ
ſЦˣͿŲæ𳤽ɫϣ촽̧һȻˡֻϧǹʮ㣬ɣȴŸŹ֡ٵܶߣǡ촽ҲǸ̲סȥֻһ
ԴЦ⣬յΪұ
㣿мҲ˳΢΢ȥ⣬۵ȴ˿мһ֪˳ɾģޡࡢ桢ô


70 
ɾ, Ի, ˽, Ϊͻͽʵˡˡ
µĳƺŻᱻ˽гྪȹ龪, Ҳڶôš
ǶǰˣĿתشһ˫۾ǻϵģߴѹʵʵ͸˹ѹڹеļͷҪװɵȻмһ, ȫص׹ŵȥѸ⡣
кܲϲо, ǵע⵽, ġ۾΢΢ԽΣյʱ, ĵ͸ӱ
޲ֱӿһߴһɶɶ򣿣
˽Լ, Ҳǳڰư̽Ŀ, ˳˿ʵǷ̶
ǶԷ˵ϲ, ǾͿֱӻ, ˭֪ʲô
˵ϳˣԼʱĹжֵҲð죬˵ԷǳԼģǳһȥġ
ڵ
нǸ俴ǽڵߣЩ涼飬ܹϢҲ
ʱûϵڶ֮ǰֽɡٷ뿪ѾǱŷѾð˷գ˵Ѿ˵̬ǰġ
ž࿴֪һУҲ᲻ΪǡҶٷ硱˵ͼ͵͵ѵģԼû˼ӣһ뵽Ϊ˶׷װһ档
ˣʱΪȡԼΣҶٷ硱֣СĿ˯ŵλҲһӾ뵽ģױԼðƻµĻƭ
ԥѯҶٷ䣬Ǿûиߣпûа취ǸڷһУȻ
ڵֿܣֱϳԼҶٷ磬ȴΪ棬ΪЩᡭ
ǲܵģܿǾϳԼ͸ϳˣȵڡ
һпԺķӦش˹ؼ
ȵȡ
Ҳͬʱ֪洫ݵϢϳԼǹеģҪ¶ڶ
뵽еٴ۵͸¶һ˿ꡣ
ôԼ֮ǰû뵽أ
ЩͷҲֻһ˲Ժһ飬ǰ࣬Ҳ֪Щʲôδע⵽˼ת
ǸҡҡͷҲϵǰ
жһзЦ
ǱȽϺöԸˣ࣬ƺԼʵݡ
˻棿ǰ˼ϸһӣҿǼġ
һüƺָϸ۲죬ָᷢ΢£
ɡ
ж֮ǰлǽ˽²˽硣µĽ磬ˣҲߵԷ
ڹ˵ˣòֱ棬ˣԼһ˷
Էղŵĵ⣬ûϴɣҲϳˣͱװȥˡ


71 
, עÿһı仯, ֮
ҲǽѾ㹻ƣ, ˱ֵĵȴʼ˼ϣӦԱȽϺʡ
ʵںֵཻ˲, ݾͿԻȷˡ
̶˭ʱ򻹱ôõƢǡñһ޹˭ԼôݲˣͿò
ɾûʵҲǳȻ͵λֻ˶סߣ̶, Ҳйºֲʱµ׵ʱ, ǿһ, һˣҲֻжˡԼ֮, ŻֳӵĺƢ
ಢδȴ̫á
УСˣڴǡ
жһ, Ʒһ, ·, س, ˣ
ͷˡ
ôժߣ
΢ͷƺ˼ԥʲôڻܣе鷳ҵݡŹӴΪܣҪ⴫
˵⻰ʱ̧֣ϵߣָ֮ڸڻӦָ⣬ɿʱī֭ˮɢȥ޺ۡ
ȻкǺ棬֪ڲʵʱ򣬱ֻʲػļ䣬ôӣôģʲôģ˵˰ɡ
ˣ˴µײĻ֮ѣݴ֮ȻȻһЩ
ߡ̧ͷµߣȥҶ֪׷Ϊ
ΪʲôЦŷʣνߣҲȡ𷣣ЩԺһ¡
ҡҡͷֻǺ棬Źõߵģ
ᵽֵǸˣЩ˼飬⺬ʵ¡һ˵ҴӦλѣܶ͸¶й¡
һ㶣û뵽һ𰸡
мҲ˵ϣҲ˰ɣ֮ǰȷݣҲΪŵԡ
ϵ˫պϣֳһ˵̬ƣǡԭѾҡңϡ
֮ǰµףҲġȫûע⵽ķ㣬ͼӴ׵ұʱʶѣǡ˵Ҳ뿴λ˶ʧҲǵٶȲˡ
˵ʣµģȫԷˡ
룬̶Ժ϶ǡҶٷ硯ԲԸٱµ׵£Ҳϣ֪ԼС롮Ҷٷ硯ĹϵҲᱻĵѣһԼǡҶٷ硯õǸߣҲͲҪˡ
иֵʱ䣬أ衢һ¶ʱŲæ˾䣬û°ɣӣ
ҡҡͷصġյ£Ӧúл㡣ǸߣܰϹŹӵæȥðɣֻҪΪв֮£˼߱ұû
УģǸߣұҲ㾡黹ġ
ͷһʱ䣬޻
ΪԼ𾪵ģȲµݣõ϶𰸵ʱһ𾪣þòƽȻĵͷʱԼȻֻ̾˿
ͺ񵱳ΪԼĸп޷ܡʱȴƽڣҲûôش޴󺰹
ڣҲֻЩϣҲã̶ҲãЩ뿪Լ¡
һ֧ϣգſˣһָûϣɢӣ
̶̧ͷӦȻüѪζ
Ϊߣúܡ
֡Ҷٷ硯Ҳеͷˣҵġ
ŹӣˣʱЩͷԵĻҴΪ鿴ﻹһЩҩ
áлӻ֣ܵؽһ£ԼŪģиҪˣû¾ذɣӣһþȥ
̶ȴӲŹˣ뿪ʲôҪѪΣյ£ûԱ߻ôУ
ƳôˣħޣһεģޣȻһ
ȻħٴòɿҲûôĸңͷϵۣ˭ʤһһûֹͣôʾһ䣬ֻҪǲ볳ûģ֪˵ȥˡ
̶Ҳɫ˱䣬Ƭ̣ȴûµչ˹ңΪλɣûͼıơ
Ը磬ԽԽӽϤ˽Ǹ̶ˡƢõǴδ۸Ա˵Ŀ뷨Ҳ׺õù֣Ϊˡ֣ҪõòС
ͷ۵ذ֣ʾסǫİʵܱ˿漰˺֮ܶ¡
Ͻ߰ɣԽԽλֺ𡣶ҵȻҪܻεĺֺܿױ¶Լݵôܵ棿
̶ǰһסҪŸ˵ĶŹӲĵĻסҵ۾
жҪЦˣ۾㵱СϹأ
̶ȴһ棬ĵĻһҲԣұ֤͵ǹŹΪҽûмֵףˣ޷õʱľζ£һ޷ԭԼ
ӣعͷǻúġֱ֪ģȻЩ䣬Ҳױƭơ۸á治ףӡôȻڣǸ֮λġ
˵ˣֱת޸˽ķΧŽԼǼԷûпϡ
ɫϣһ˫۾ЦҲĿŹнţ֪ԼǱĬˣæҲ˽ȥ
ûٶȥעҪõģǻ֮ԡ£㻹Ǳ𿴵ĺá
Σ̶ɻȵȣ֪ǸΡ֮ôҪ˾Ѫġ
˵аĿ䵽ǰĹϣֽ˻ȥ
кͷԣǸа
˵ˣͿʼԼ
ѪᣬѾ̶֮ǰԼռϣǣҲѾŮͷϰһ׼ˣͲһƤˣǴֱӴԼظȡģԼֲģҲָۣҲѰҪһЩԵ㡢ͻˡ
Ȼ̶ңҲֱӰ½ɵƤãҪǡƤֲǡƤ
ѵʱ̶ڷӦһ㣬һס󣬿еţ㡢ˣ
һĪػؿҲô·Ūϴ


72 
̶ǡ, , ̫ðɣ
˵⻰ʱ, ̶ʾؿ˴ϲʡµŮ
ɻԽˣַӦѵǵĳ̫Ѫ, ŵ
Ҳǣ֮϶ѪԵ֮׵ϣԼ̫ܵˣȻ˯˹ȥһȫûʶ֪簡
ǹеͷɿ, һȥ֮, ԭŸԡͰ, ǹסĿϴԡõģǱȽѪ
һ, ̶Ҳ˿ʶŹȥ˼ֿ֮ͣ, ԥԥ, ֹ, ַ̧, ѭ˶ΣڹСһͷ͵ȥ
ĹУѾ·һԡͰϣ¶Ƥǰúʵ춼߸ߵģϸĲҲ¶˳ԼԼһöۺ̥ǣ̥ǵ״ǿɣէһȥ̥ǣǸʲô
һ̶һ񣬾һԵմɻƿһ£Щˤ飬ʱַŷȻȥ
ɫȻػͷôˣҪ¾ͲҪˣҰɡ
ǣ̶ԼЩƣʲôµģҡҡͷһͺ࣬ʱ˸ڣҡҾǿ費Ҫæ
ճڣͺ޲ôԼһƣȻȥһࡣ
¡ˡæģǷɵ𣿣
ˣ̶ⲽֻӣԼҪԷˣҲùϵҲҲûþˡ
æȷȴȫûŭ̬ת䣬Ҳаҹ档
̶һ϶˷۷ۺһƬͰ͵󡢺棿
ü̫ĥߴôţˣһԼɡ
Ȼ̶ͳˡ
У
ǲʲô˰ôӦ
ȻͿ̶Լߣ΢΢ͷһ΢⸲棬һΣժ
֮£̶ԭݣ汻ժһ׹ڻҲɢȥָ˱˳еĴ硣
ûʣֱóźذףһһݸ̶˳óһСɾİײҧڿУȥ
̶ذףֵͷеӣ𾪵ãȻ󻹴һ˿˿ʧȻ
ذվԭأһеķչԭԤĲ̫һ̶˲㶹죬ֱϣ·ԼŪˡ
Ū˰ɣôؿζġ
ȵĿùн׼Լʱ̶ڷӦȵȣʲô
û֣ͣһۣ·˵Լῴ
̶৵һ£ѪɫͻȻȥָⶼˣ˵һ׼Ҫˣ
ҪֹȴдˣۼлƤȴûд̵̫΢΢˿ǸҲ֪׼Ǹֻ𣿡
п˿˵ʵûƤʱϻۣȡĲ˵ԣƤΪѪΪī㲻֪ͲҪˡ
̶еˣϰݣ𣿡
Ȼǡ룬ǲڣҾ½ɵˡȻߣû˵ʵ
ԣҵġ
˵˭Ķԣһ̶ǸɵӣԼĴô죿
ѾӰ̫ˣټȥ
̶ĬƬ̣еذף֪ʲô
ȥɡпʼˣͷֱ㶴ԭز˼֣ӣҺڴ
Ȼ̶⻰͵̧ۣĿҸ׼ɴҩ
Эˡ
ðҲùЩʲôͬˣӣԼʺãЩСˡ
дƤ⣬ʺѪҺһֱߣǴӶƤʼû£۵ҧסĲ
ֻǣһķ״ڻƤʱֵȴˡ
˺Ƥһǣ̫СһСƤһ˵ϡ
ȵһСʱƤȴƤһСɢֲġܲƤ׼ȷ˵֥һ飬滹մʺѪԼҪǼ˶
вԣϲԣƤһ뿪壬ͱ˱Ķ
жʱ鱩꣬ԼȻôҪĶ²ˮˣ
ҵǽԼôʱҲû˵°
ôˣ̶ǵһѯʣȻҲġܲƤǡ
ˤ
нһߣذҲˣòУһƨľϣòˣԭװģã
ò׵òҵһȻΪԼԭûһУ
ģ̶һϲﶼԵȸԾƳһۣģһ취ġ
˵žͿʼϵѪ˿˳ҩ
ţ㵽ʲôʱ߰
ûб¡̶ȻԼˣˣôܺһ취
ƲƲ죬ԼռŶԷأҲ˵ʲô
Ҫ̶Լ½ɵƤˣԼģҲǷԼģðײãǻ쵰ðƻûжԼһԼȥҲѣĳﻹҪ̶һ취
˼˴ԽԽ̲סѿڶˣ˵ƤС
ˣ
ղŲ˵ñ˵ô
̶룬ûһ㣬Ǿҵİɡ
ֱŭģ˵Ҳģܲܲң
أȻ˶ݵľţ̶ͷһֻﻹֹѪɴ˶ûһϢоͱŤŲߣƵĿ𴦡
̶һĺ󾱣Լɴһֻ˳ëӺͷһ·˳ų󱳣һƽľ
бšţֱͦͦŲӣӲֱź󱳿࣬Ƕίڱ˻ģûУʯͷܱ£š
ҲƽͫĺҲɢȥǱɹ˳ëˣŻߺߵģʵѾﶼȺðŪֽϻ
ǡã̶ͷԴѯʣΪҲİɣлл
лʲôл
·ȻԼڸȻ̶˳ëˣԼûĶͻȻ֮ľ룬նеȣϹ˵ʲôأ顣
̶ӣЦ˳ϵسϵʧˡ
òƽ飬Ϊ޷ˣһԲȥҪƳţȸ˵ȴȻýһ˻ȥ
ףô
¶ǿҵ˯Ϯȵֱﲻԣַŭؿ̶ʱѾˡ
ȥ屻̶һѽס§߳磬һԵľɳϣԺŸ棬ϼ·塣
úù֮ٴĺԣγһСϸ緢˿룬£
㡭쵰
˯ɣʣµĽң̶ָ̧סѿʼܵƤţҺôҲķϣɱҴҡ


73 
뿪ʱ, Ѿ޷˫, , һ˲˳˯
̶һƺҪȷǰ˵ȷ˯ˣûһָ˹еĲ, о°ƽ
ȷһָ֮ụ̂˳Ѫȥһ磬ͣǷۺɫĺۼϡ
̥ǣĳֶصӡǡ
ָӡϷȷϰḧţ̶ͷ۵𽥸ֳһ˿Ѱɫ, һӡǣҲűָ, ɫԽ
ʱٿȥ, ͸Ǳҧģˡ
ſţ̶Ϣ, ͫк⽥ʤֻǺܿ죬ֱʲôѹһ, ³ȥ, Ӱ
ر˱, ӹ, ˻ȥǸصɾƿţݵ뿪һʱ䡣
ȵʱƤѾ׼ϣһߣҲֻЦЦû˵
԰ɣӦҲá
вȷضһǰ£ɫ̫ãͷһ˱õƤת˼Ȧһ֧ڴӰ־Ҫȥ
һͺһЩ£һϵ·Ŷڵء
װ֪޾ͷȥоеĲ裬һģ
вˡ
Ҳֻǲһ㣬һʵ˻ȣԼ֮Իﱻ·ǰλģʱӣй߳ŭ
ŭ޴ӷĳֱŭдڸеĿֻŸűǼѪζѹһƢ
תҧӲֱؼ·һ׻ϣͷҲһһϵ˹ȥǰšŬԼôʣ
Ƥ˭ģ
ԼѹֻǾˣЧƺôãÿһ֣ҧ䣬ʵںƽϵϡ
ûֱش̧ͷ۾˵ġ
û֮ҪҲǻ˵ƤͿˡ
һ˵ЩʲôȻȻָָ̧֣Ĵ齣ѣˡ
ŮҪʹû֮ĻҪڣˣŹвŹεʱ
еžţؿ࣬Ҫ͸棬ں˵Щʲôһ㡣
뿴ʲôջʧˣüͷЩȻءЭתǴ֮ǰ֮׼
ϣ̶Ůļ䣬ڼж֮һ¾̶Ӿ
ûû¶ֻл棬ֻӾ㹻
ࡢҲ̶ϣúڲס˫ֽۣԹеĽơֻҪƱƻлһʱ֪
򵥵ĴС󷨣һԴϵŮΪģһԹΪģħʹܱյķƤѪīǱʣ޷Զʲôһһ
б۾ռġᡯͿĨƤ֮ϣǰĺڰɢȥٴʱĿȫǻĻþ
ѪζڱǼƣȻУ̿ɲѪƤѾȡ֮һϺʵصİɫֽԼȾˮī
ѰĻͬǰһǻᶯõĻǣһüĺϤЦɰŮӡ
ڹе಻ԶӦǰ㰲ţȵʱֺȻ˶
һСɵߴӿлģѰ߱߸СɡɰЩרŸʮСӴġ
һ㵭ӫ⸲Сɵߣ𽥵أƮ˰գͣĳӸЩλãһСĹӰΪɡ
ţһǰȥӰûзҲ֮С
һĹȫûвֻ۾ҲգһµǰǱѪȾǵƤʱţ˫ȭ߬۵׵İ𽥱ޡԽӽѪɫıۿ֮дתǿšѹţٳû¡
һ򣬾һҹԱߵ̶Ҳһԣһҹ

֮ɹˣԤлҪɹ̫ࡣ
ڽаĵ伮֮Уֻ˻֮ĵһ㣬ܹͨΣߵǰ¡
һʹ֪ԼΪҲߣ츳һ࣬ԶԶûֵڶ㡢㡣
ħֵڷã⸱ĸԭ̫࣬Ѿ޴Ӳ֤ˡ
һݣڸոճɹʱͿġ
Դ궬챻壬һʾ˺ܾãǰļҲ˺ܶ࣬ĸ׵ݣ˯вдǵĸӼܰ棬Ҳһɶ
ȫһˡĺһôࡢôļ䡣
֮ĵڶ㣬ڵ꾭
ڹΪȷ׵ݣĿѾʱǰĻڼ۾׵ԼʬǱæµĻ档
ͷǡɡ֫ƵǺᣬʵȴǱʬˣֱΣյ֮¡
ħĴԹ޵ʧȥƣҪֱ˺ǰĻ
ƫƫʱ֪⣬ͼͼԼֽţȴȫӲԭأ֪ȴһҲܶ·˯߼ʱġѹ
ʱεĵˡ
ڴ֮У֮ĵ㣬Ѿصļ䣬͵˾δУԻķʽʱ֡
һһ㣬һķɣÿ̽˶ܵڤڤ֮е췣һ㡣
ΨһֵĶġ
ǣֻǸЦŮӻŮʲôʬɫɫĸ·ˡ
ƼҶҡƼ˵ҲƼ˲֪ʲôݣӺδһʿߡ
е巢ŲĿѣѪʧصħϯܱշ䣬һаŰҾߡ硢ȫ֮ʱѻٻΨз󷨣֮еһˡһһܣȻȻ
̫̫ࡢ¹̫׵£ɻ󡢲⡢ŭΪ׵ʬǲðʹ಻ѣΪһлΪʲôԹΪҶҵ𣬻
ţǴô㲻Ľѣд˴ףôһ׼֮ˣԳ䵱һһб֡ȥҡȥҪЩʮٱǧĳ
ôáôáôá񿴵һС
࣬ȻֻһЦ
ĸסҶҵĳǣ֮˲˽⣬ֻе;˵Ĵš
ȴ󣬴𾴡šŵ̬ȣη塢Ǻͽ䱸
һһɾؽЩԳΪɢޣͳѵǮơ鱦ЩⴧԼ׵ġɾΪ͡
ûκζ޵˼ûκŴİ飬еģֻǵǰ̫ߣ䡢ĹɧҶҵη塣
ǰôҶҾʱŤתƣô϶Ҳͳ˲ͬġ
ɾɾǰԼˣ᲻󻹱ɹһֱҶߣ
ʲôѽ˵Ҳǣ˹;ôһֱŻ˲أǺá
һʼֻǺСġĲ룬ɣη壬Խ롢ԽǺЩɾۣԽоݣŮޣ󶨻ɥʧǣǻҶҲɢΪҶҴجˣҲΪҶҵôҡ
ΪˡѹȡߡǱڵҶ˴ѴѵǮ롮ˡ
һ꣬ԶҲҶҵ·
ڶֽţǰǣ֮
ѹ꣬ͼһСͼʱ˯Էһ


74 
һѾס
˿µ֮, ж, ͷȴ۵Ҫը, ̺ˮһУǡѶȻ޴档
ʼһУɺ˫ۣԼ˭ǰһֵֻĻ, Լ֮У˹ͽʹû֮ʱΪʲô
ΨһԺģֻ޴ӷйıԹޣǻֵ֣ħıǣһѰ, ת˲󡢱ֱߣΪ˲ɻĲ, деڱ˲, ҲסͷĹ
֪Ƕô
ɡ˽Ƕô
ǣô־塢ɵı, ǷЩĸԴ
ǣôָ˭һһݹָ˭һУ
ħ, Ҫɢ, ħ, ǱֲءԴԴϵħ, ʵʣһߡ
Ѫ᲻ţڰյƤһڹеĽ»۳һ̲ӿѪ̶󷨵ıԵһҲûմȾߡ
Ѫˮĺۿɼٶţתۼ䣬ѽйڵصϥûбˣҲԽɫ԰ףûɫֽˡ
аķɣԶǳܹܡ
ʱ˿̣ڹĹӰ˳ǸСɵߣҲƵ
࣬ҲѾվڷ֮⣬еõĺڲĽƶƳȻЩûñҧĹ
ĿĽıڷıԵͼƻжаѪɫײμ
Ƭ̺󣬽ɫײ֮һ죬౻üվȣ͵Ĳصǽڣۼ˾Ҳ״ϡ
صؿ̶ؿڵͷƽЩҵ̧ʱ֮ϵɫ޶ˡ
ǻɵĽɫԽԽɫɫɫ
գ۾ϱƳһӥͷףÿһƬģ·Ǵֱһ㣬ĺҲøӵͳ·˸˰㡣
ٴ̧֣֮УȴǸ޳ǽڷ֣ɫָ׳鳤ָҲͬӥצָĳȲࡢĴָⳤȴӥצͬÿһƤϣϸϸܵĺɫۡ
Ƭϱ㷴̹⣬·ϳ˾ʯ
һֻ˲ˣӥߵצŨ̵ʹǰ
ʲôҲĿצ˷Ͽգȴ·ʲô赲ĽײָױԵ˼ǡ
һ¡¡¡˫ֳצģѲǸ߸ϡĪˣҲǸ̶ֱ˷أ֪ƣعǰ󷨡
ٶȡҲԽԽ죬ڵ˲֪ڼ£ǵƺһ˿ѷ죬Ϯ
Ҳֻһ˲䣬ǵѷ㱻ħѸٻ£ϣûзŹʱָ͵ز϶ֱֻȫ⣬߳ȥҪѿ˺ѳ
ſ죬¶ɫĶӥ˲ڵһд
һֻֽסѷ죬󷨱ԵһִֻӺץһĹУ޳ָɫ⻬Ƭ󾱴ϸƤѸٱ̡ȥΣָƵģ
ץסеĺ󾱣ҧأץȥ
һ˲䣬ֹѪɢ
ŻкˣѪҺ˵·°һƣǽ壬˫Ҳȥͣͬʱǰ㡢Ϣʧ
ƺڸղźľȫҲɺԣû壬ȴţʹ㽫е˹ţϷſ
˶ˤڵذˣ뿪󷨵һ˲䣬бʧȥʶѪ᲻ʡɺ˫Ҳš
ǿľ񣬲ִӶߣسΪģĹӰ֧ŲסŹһͬ˯ȥ
ߵĹӰسһһǰһأһʼɨʰڵǽ壬һʼչ˻ʵĵҩϸֱ棬ιȥ
ڴͬʱЩʱɹвµĽҲѾɶһҵԷ֮У½ڷѾţ֮߿Լķš
Ϊ粢ȫƻŹеĻԶʧģ½еˣһˤ֮Уһǰ
ϵ˿ڡȻѿˣ½໽ţ˿ڰӴ˰죬ò׻ˣŷһߵվһȳһյسŶԷȥ
Ժ֮Уϵͳľظ̶롣
ԭҶٷ߻ħֱֵУ
ԭҶٷķֵѾ50
ԭ̶ڻֵ55
ԭҶٷķֵѾ55
ԭ̶ڻֵ60

½޿̡̣ұ죡
boss˾ڿУ
½ɣܳʲô֣
ϵͳ⵽˾¶ԡҶٷ硯ҲĳֵΪ65øжΪ50.
½ɣǲǾѵģ˸ﻹкøжȣ
ϵͳͱ̬İҰվ飬ԽǺڻԽǷɱ̬ˣԽϲ
½ҧȭͣǼԷǰջûƿתط㿪˾Ǹboss˵
Ȼתһ˲䣬Է֨ѽһˣһֻҰϸϢһץס½ɵĺ죬ವһק˽ȥ
أ
һرա
Է֮ڣ½һ̧ͷͿߵĹӰ۾Լһһŵӡ
½ɣȡȵȣл˵Ҳǻˡ
Ӱƺڽʲô뿴½ɣҡҡͷ
һ½ɱ廨Ųӣ˷ǽǣȴӰٴá
֮ϣһһӽһϸůޱǸӴߣ˯ʱժ¡
ľ֮ϣһͬߵŮŮҲڳ˯š
ӰæһУȼһѬ㣬Ѭϸϸһڽ¯ɫζһ˽¯𣬷ŵŮԱߡ
ûãŮ΢΢ü嶯˶תѵļʲôجΰ㣬
جδﵽ`Ů͵˫ۣƵ
һָѣе㲻巢ʲôתӣڻһȦǿŸ첲ͷһߵĹӰˣֿ˴ϵˣһԼʶġ
иһ˿΢ı仯Ů̧̧üû˵ʲôּΨһԴȥƼǸ⡢廨ɸӵ½ɣڵõעʱޱίģܶ幰ǰŲ
Ȼ󱻹Ӱһȥһjio߻ǽǡ
Ů
ҵԼδ˰װһ㣬򶨵ջװɵ
½ɣQAQ
ϵͳ
½ɣ죡


75 
ǳòùӰͨ, ϧƺľګ޳յú, ΢ӵĻͲ, ȥҲֻǡ֪Ҫĳꤻ
ͨȷûô˵Ůֻ÷˰λ˼ܱûжܡ
Ӱеġˡ, ˣڴϱŹвţҪ˯һǸʿӣԼõߣƺҲġ
ߣƺʲô, ŮЩϸϸţԱӰûж, Сĵشյ, ͷ鿴
ڴʱϱһġ۾Ȼ
ѽ
һ, ȥĬĬץŴˣһԲ
һ, ϵ𽥷ű仯, ʱ, ƺ˹, ɿ˻еˣ
󣬱Ӱˣ´Ůһµע£˸
˺ã࣬ǰ˻˯ѣδͨòã֡
ĳˣ
áࣿô£
ͻȻһԺôضԴŮ̫ӦĬĬŲһֿ࣬ԼʶĹУŬŴǣ㡢㲻ô⣬ջֲҳǮסµġ
ţͿԳơ࡯ֱӣסϵߣժ
㣿
˳࡯ɲǸ׹ºȻѲˣԼ͹뿪˶˼¡
ǰʱĻǻûô˵ĶԻûס̶֣ʱ
ǡЩʱҲǼģôڶμ棬̶̬ȾͻȻô֣
ѲԼʵʵʲôɽУ
ԼȻܶ²ǵˣ˶껹Ǽǵõģ֮ǰкλ½ɡ˵ԼǸĴУܲʮֻʣˡ
̶һȥէһɫƺЩҰ֮ɫƺµʱˡ
ڵİݺò裬һڶ棬̧ʾŮ£Ǹ֮ǰҪߣϣҪ֡
ŮǳģǸӵ˹ȥڰ֣㲻ҪôģӦúúøл㡣
̶ЦЦ̧ʳָ˸ݣ˰æһʱ䡣
ŮͷʾûģȻ̶
Ǹ½ɻ廨ţΪӽ⣬ڵ޷ݣֻԼ˶Ի
ŮǸǽǸˣʵš
̶һ£ûлͷȥδŻôûд⣬ΪҪǿͻƹŹµĽ磿ʱҵţҲѾ˻ˡ
ǲɰ˼
½ɵݣԼ෽׷£ŮҲ˽⣬˷ܵȷлӣҲûжΪ⣬ϾҲֻǰ;ˡ
ҪǣŮȻʧȥ˺ܶ࣬ұţزж½ɵ΢̬ȡΪеİæŵ뿪µסĹӰȻҲվڹߣϲ½£ЩҲֻǵ㵽ΪֹԸ˵ˡ
˱⵽ǹУ˵׼Ĳ̣˵䣬£̶Ҳ࣬Լ͹˵ͬ飬ѹģ˳˼ûдġ
ǣڹ֮ǰ½ɾôڽˡͱŲ˵òλŹеĻҶٷӣ½ԼѹͲ֪ν
½ɵģǱ̶ҲģֻȴΪ֪ǻϢڹУú½ɵʵģˡ
ǣڹ֮ǰ̶ӵ˰㣬Ů̵Ǹϲ裬ԹʳõóضĸֵҩΪŮĻѲ
չŮͬʱ̶ʱ̹۲ŹеĵΪÿʱιһҩһҪǰǱͼˡ
ڵģû˽Ůܳ˿ԼǰֶֿٴΪиǺñӡɺϢ̶¶Щֹ飬㡭
ţкָ̣ﲻʣ̶æ΢ЦվһԣǳɣǾñˣȥͨͨ硣
ǹˣôƣŮЩΣҧﻰ˵˳㡭и߹ɣǰǼ޹˵ģиӡ
̶ĬƬ̣֪ĺȻͳƵءšһ
һӲ̫ĵģŮľ֧֧ŲŲӣǸ㡭㲻Ҫ̫ˣҲ̫ͣõģҲ̫ãҶǻٿҾˣԡ
Щ̶ͣЩ󣬲̫ڵʲôʲô
ŮͣԼ˵Ѿֱˣԣڼ䣬ǲ˻߹׽ġ㶮á
Ŷ̶Щ¶̫ԹĶ÷𣿡
Цãæ˸˿ǸˣǲҪһȥͨŮ̫˵ĺãҲ롭ᡣ
˵ǣŮ鳤Լ飬ǰ²̨Ůʱֳ˸Ľڡ
̶죬ԭأƬ̺Ȼɫãƺĥ⻰е˼ǵ᣿
ŮͷǰǰͲý
̶Цˣ֣صص˵ͷ˵ǣˣ֮ǰȷǲܡ
Ů
㶮ɶ
֪ģŮȻоЩۣ࿴˻˯еĹһۡ
У̶Ҳ˳Ŀ⣬֮Ͽȥ

ϸС춯̶Ƽƺ˶תѵļæȥڴߣĿеضŹУ̧׽ס˵̽飬СŹӡûﲻ
еĺЩ٣۾δڴϺţ̶ס֣΢ЩǿҪۣƺߴ̵ˣֱͷȥֵס۾
СŹӣ
δһյʱ䣬̶Ѿյ˽ͲֱӱˣĹҲǼٵġ
ԱߵŮţȻ;ԼղŵĵĺίܾЦһǰŽйĹ̬è
֮ϣôҲϷſ۾֣弸΢΢Ŷ﷢ģ
𣿡̶üͷӣչȥߵĻƬ̺ɫص
۾ͼͷɽƺǻδѣۡ
СС£̶˴ӱڳڸ§Ʋȵһƿҩ
ʿҲʿõֹҩʤޡ
ȻƺǲϣҧǲſڳҩڻҲ΢ţؽСϸȥۿΧȷŲɫɫȴҰֽźˡ
ҩٴιڴ֮ϣ̶̾˿е㲻˼ؿΨһĹŮˣ̧֣ҶáƣӰתͷȥˡ
̶
û취Ҫù侲ָٰǲźãаķɺͿ˾Ĵۣɲô׳ܵġ
ٴμҩ̶ס˹еĺԣ˵°ͣҩڴ䣬ڶԿڵǿι˹ȥ
촽ҧˣĿɬҩζһ˿˿ѪȴδͣЪֱûҩԹȥ̶Ž˷ſ
ҩЧúܿ죬еͣ˲̵˫һ졣
ƼǰӰ̧֣Լ촽ָⷢ
һ̣һֱۻ˹ȥ
·ΪᱡεĽˡ
̶˻㶣ƺе㲻ܽ˯ȥʵ
ۡ
һûסЦ¶Ů͵˵ʵ


76 
ϺΪ֤
һʼ, , ֻŵ, װӱʵѡ
ֻ˵㡢˵㣬һ˦ͷ˯ȥˡ
Ϊ̫ûϢˣԹвԼһʼû¡
ҲѾϢ˺ܾ, ҲǣڶԿڣιȥҩá
֮ûãоٴˡ
һΣ̶ǳأҲǳСģװĻᶼû£, Ҳ˵һĶţ, С, Сĵ촽ϵЩˮ顣
С̬ȣùĶ̲סһ, Ҫ
̶æ󣬸˿, ֱ۹˽
оЩ𣿡
һʱû˵, գգ۾, Ȼͷ, û£ֱֱ׽סÿ
ֱ࣬۾ЩˣѪĻëһɡ
⻰оÿԣͷ
ǰ˵ĹӰ˲֪ʱַ˳һЩҩԼ۾Ĳ
̶ֵҩݣɫҩ֭޲ϣ̧е°ͣ˱ͷҩȥò̶Ժϵϡ
¹һƬڰͻȻƵģһ¹࣬һڴϲ˵
̶ˮ͵ͷȵԶһȥҲǿɬҩˮǵĹϹιһӣûУǹԹԵͷһҪûУκΡ
Ҳ֪Ϊ֮ǰĻ֮ľƣˣΪԲ̫Ӧһ
ͷһؼôԣһӡ̶һûס̧֣ͷ
иоԴϵƣķ̧ͷ΢΢ͷ
̶ȣǸ
УΪʲôǸ
Ϊûʵٰ֮ɡȻ֪ǰ˾ʲôСãӾ̫ǿˣ̲סС
ȻЩǲ˵ġ
ûʲô̶תƻ⣬˿ߡŬԼڸУͲٸ顮ҲǡŮŲߣӺ飬յҽ࣬Ҳ˽⣬ʲôģܷԸɡ
Ȼе£˵ͷ㲻ҲԵġ
̶ǰ͵ײҲкܶ²ܴҺͺòž۵˵Щʲô
ȻһĻ̶ֱ˶¿ۣȻ˳˻鷳ˡ
̫˷Ųˡ
л֪Լίһ仰Ѿ˷Ч̶ƱԼֱȬľģ۾ţǴδ´֪Լڶݵ½ѾǽǳĢˣʱҲô
ʵϣԼò۾»ͦģ˿ûԼ
Ͼ۾һգ൱һͷƤʲôģʲôģû˴롣
̤ʵ
̶ĳַҲ˿ġ
ԷԼ߾ͱ޼ɵ
Ųӿ̥ǿСҲûϵ
ǣ˼ôҲǺò
ˣպɡ
Ǻ͹һദˣսѬյöˣ̶оԼҲſģĳЩôˡ
֮ǰܣźôصġ¹ⲻȥοҪʲô͸ҰɣӦòʲôòġ
ŶԷ볣죬ֻǸϸƤ壬µһ֮һҪ޲ҪĲҲ̫Ѱ
ǰʱַߴߣӶԷԸ߼˲ٶַҲ˲ⷽϵֲʱǷˡ
棿
ôһ˵е˰취˵˼ζֹҵĲϣ˽֧
άֵģҲѼ˺ܾòż롭ҪֻһĶˣҲҲطģԼͺá
ǿͿ˿ʱ˵ļζֲе㾪⣬òɬĲУͲ˵Ҫˡ
ģ⼸ζȼˣΪ
̶ߣóֽд确ӥ֦⡯֮ϣһؼ
ȵ̶ߣָװ磬һԵؽ뿪󣬹вһӴһַŴŶϸ
ȷȷʵ֧ˣв˿־Ҫ۾ϵĲ
ŮһԿ˺þõϷˣӣæǰȰ裬Ҫժ۾õѽ
˶һţƿҡҡͷᶨز˲۾
ۿΧɫԣܿҶɫѪܣԽǿĲλѪܾԽ͹ЩˡǲƤ¶ٴμҲЩѰˣ۰ײɺѪ˿ʱѪҲǺʯͨ͸ںڣǱЩǡ
ϸȥһƣˤڵϣһҪ
з۾ѭŹߺܿȥֻôһ۾ͱ̣ġ
ŮŵˣѽһƺЩۣ£Сѯʣذ㵽ʲô£Լ
ҡҡͷǰģһƬһжֻʣģӰܿ塣
Ůǰ˻ƣڲʲô㡭ѵ
пЦһ±۾Բ𡭡
ǸʲôѽѯʣֻˣҲǣ̶Ҳǣնе㲻Ѱ
ûлش½ȥʱ򣬱˰ɣȻҪˡ
Ȼ̶ָڳʱ򣬹бⲻҶ˵ǲЩģԸְˡ
Ůĵκõ𣿡
ܵġеͷԼֳģлȻҲкôϵλĻò˼ָܻ
ˣŲٽ֦ˡ
Ъ˻ָЩŵķȥںڰһСһСŲ
ҪȥĶҷɣŮչ
ллȥ½ɣӦˡ
ŮţǱء
Уʲô
õ½ɿʼصسί󣬷ʾԼĴڸС
ûֱӹȥʵǡأûʲô
Ů½ɸͱĹӰ˸ˣùܣһֱûɰҲûһֱ粽أǲ֪ǸӰ
ȿȡжһæֱ̧ʾԸȥˣȸͻԭȥ˰ɡ
Ů
֣ס䣬ôͷȻֽŻţȥŰɣޣҪ˷ˡ
ŮãȻôҲԼôˣ˷Ѱɰһ¶ѣԱҪǸˣ϶Ҫ
ʱһ䣬ѿڶˣ
ڲСı½޶ԣôԼ֮ǰζԴ׵ģ
ⲻѣһľսһᵽɤۡ
ŮæŵаʲôѽǿϣҺǱûһ㲻ġ
гĬַŮҡͷԽԽѶˡ
Ӧ˵ҲǸ̶ѶһЩǰС꣬Ƣܺģһ£ܲµ顣
ɰ
½㱻ɿͣ˵ˣֱһסдȣ޳
ǰҰ
б˵һ£֪ģһֱȥĴ


77 
ס˰ϹҼһ߿ĳ嶯, һ, ̧ҵ½ɹͷ, ģ˵
½һϲǰӦˣ
ɫ԰, Ҿվסˡ
˵˻ؿȵ촽ˣһϢȵģ
½ɿˣȻ¶ӣֻٵλ, ҲƲ
Ǹǰ鷳, ½ɿĴ, ˫ѾָˣڵϸԼϵɰ, ߳ӱ˵۾ôˣ
֮ǰ﷢£½ȫ֪, ⿿ԼĲ², Ҳ², ֻ֪аɡ
ڷҩûж˵, Ҳͣ˰󣬾͵ͷߣҵ״̬°ﲻˡ
ԭǴһ½ûΪôڡֻ½ͻȻˣ̲סøˮȥ棬Ȼһԭ̶ͻȻ֡
û̶ͻȻ֣ҪչԼԸµΪѰֲʲôģǲţҲܸš
֪½һֱڵʱ򣬹һѺ̶ֵ֪ûȤŷ˻ᣬȻȰ˺˵˭̶֪ʲôʱֹջ
ɲǣߴţమ
ǰţŻص£½ɸŹǰҸղͻˡ㲻֪֮ҾĪŲܶأû˹ңǰңǸˡ
ˣһָԼ·ʲôЦƵģң
԰½ɵͷƺûﲻף밡˶ұ֮ߵĶ÷ű˻Ǯʱֻ·ƽ֪ҵݣϰҡЩȫһһ㶼˽Į飬رʴȣһǸǰˣһ˰˱ӵĸ
ˣñӾͱҴˡˣ˿ɵʵҲɵǹƨĻԼ˼ڶء
½еƤӣлͦ˵ġ׵СУŸݣʵеİ˵ɣղҾ㣬ʲô˼
ġҴӸղſʼЩƤָһ㡭
ָһ㣿ȵĲ豭Ц㲻ǡʧ䡯ô
ǡ½ɽһ£ЩĶûǰɣͺȻԼġȻôһ㣬˿Ҫҵˣ
ԭˡ
ĥţ½ɿԼǵܣõʲôϢûй⡮ʧ䡯ָ͡һ㡯ĽڣڳŽɵ׷ʵŶɻЩˣ˭ʱҵ㣿
ҡ½һҲ֪ʱ䣬ԼǸĹޣ
˳Ļͷ˵ްѲ˾£
½ɲһ֪飬ԼúܣǼ죬ǵ˵棬һŪ飬˶Ϊ⡮Ҷٷ硯˾µˡ
ʱţҲ֪ʲôʱᱻ˾µ֪ԼϹЩһᱻʲôء
ԣ½˵ޣһ뵽ģ˾ˡ˾£Ҳֻ˵֮ģҶٷ硯ɻûüǸޡ
ֻǣ˾ͨʲôֶΣҵģ
½ɼƺ˼ţȴǰĺܲȥˣǰǺˣңңǸһúܣµʱˣǰ
˼˵Ҷòˣһɣ
½˵էһжԭ֪ľ鲻һˣһծù͸ħѾ׶εΨһ̣ȻǲһܣʧΨһġǰ
ֻ˼˵ģһ뵽ģȴǸ硣
ȷǣ½ΪһбĶߣû֪ʵݾ̶еЩݣ½ɺȻ֪֮࡮顯ģաԭ
ԣԼûú̶ǡĽӴ᣿׽
õ
ЦЦ̧֣Դ½ϵشչȥĵ˼
½ɰҲǸĵĺʿ֪ҡ
½ɺǸж˵лǰ佱Ҳûʲôñǰģһк֮һΪǰţ
лҡĳ⸱ӣʵж㰡ҪӣȥɣǹЩû£ٻҡǳˣǹѰĹҲΪֵһӣƴҲҪ׷ɱĽŲȻôԵл֣
⻰屡죬£޲õݽΪֵͬˡ
ڵʱĻᷢչʲôǾͲ½ˡϴ飬ЦңֱԼ߰ˣֻҪҲҴᱻۣħֵɲң
½ҲܸжޣȴǱſ޵ġ
˰ǰ˱Լôͣ𵽷Чˣǹʲô˰˾°ĶͱһħӽŲģһֿսͷɢˣǰԼһߡһҶܵĵطͶԲߣͺýӶǽһɱȡѵ˷֮ô
ô룬˻жжأ治ֱ˵Ȼͱ˰
½˰죬˰죬ֻӲͷƤ˵ȥݻƵҲǰԼߣܷΪԼ
ݼΨһĹŮ˵ǿˣʱҡͷпǧۣ۽εᣬֻûϷ̨ϵĶûǰĺÿ
ÿģǳµذѳϷ˵Ծһ仰ǡ
֣˵ʲô⻰Լһзƽ˾Ҿȥϣֵʱúףǿ¹ɹϲãʮþƣҹУûʲôŵ㣬ֻŵ֣δ
ǰ
ֵܣ񫣬֮󣬵һǺ˵ɵӣһṼεģ
о仰ô˵ţ߳īߺôҲһܻر
ֳꤻϹ˰죬ձд򷢵ķĲңͿЩɳǿʱΪ
һ½ɣǸо͸ˣණǺ˽ġԼȥȻѣǰе취ġ
ϸ룬²ʲôϲɱ˵ģһԭʾЩǰڱ˾´ǰҲ͵˶ݣˡ
ֵƵϧһ½ɲңȥˡ
Źϣǰһ̻¡·׹ˣ׷ŵ鵭ȥԷ̱̱࣬侲侲
лصڣѾЩˣŮų費Ҫ˯һҡҡͷʾɻͺá
ȻоϷƺԼĴĿģڸղЩУ˵Ǻ˵Ǿ䣬ǺͬģĲǺˣԼҲôµףӵٴ˼Ļᡣ
˵ǿ˹ϷװŮӣ˱Ĳֻһˣƫƫݵò᲻
ԣ°һпװ֪˷˴ߣѲСֵһȡ
Ǹ˵ϸѰҶӣȴ
ƣⲻΪԼôڵǸ⣬ûαĺۼ
Цڴߣ޳ȣֵ̧еıǼ⣬ѽȰ۾ðɡ
еͷ΢ЦͷӦš
ٴңкɴ۾


78 
ǰһ˲, еĻ, ž½ȥԼ, Ǳ˾ץˣҲ㲻ܱ˾ϴȾͬףĺ졢߾
, ȤҲûϵԴֻǾһˣתʳ
ţ˾£Ҳ½Ӳģ֮ǰԼҲǽ˺ѻħ, ƭ˾һΣƭһ, Ҳúܿ졣
Щ, бܹоħķӿڵõԴԴϵع, һɳøǿ
ķѴʱ䡢, ޶Ϊһ˵, ֵħ, ǲҪȥ, Ϳʼ賤ˡ
˼תǧأЩпԼֻգ۵ĹǹɿҪ㱻ǰѾӰ׵ָһãɢ״
Ϣ𽥻ָƽȣ˵ʹȥֻʣºɬֻ뱣ڵƽһ㣬پһ㡣
ҲԣһжһƽҲԡ
֪䣬һڴƤӣһߺƳӵӣһؾߵùз񾭣˻˯֮С
֮ˣ˯ţҲ˯ȡ
֪˶ãһֱ˯˯ѣĶܱߵıĦѣֻܿ˯ȥоû˯ãѾҹ
˶ЩʱתѣԴеۣ˯ȥˡ
ʱоֶһ˵Ϣ
ҩЧҲȥˣԵ㶫ȻٳҩϢɡ
Ӵߴ̶û
𴲵Ķһ٣ɻӦѾԼ֧ȥʲôǧ꿪һεϡֲ˲ŶԣǲһĴЩ˵ʮĿ˵㣬һͻˣҲ̫˰ɣ
ӣûֱӻӦʻ͹ģεôͻȻˣ
̶˿ûòףȵü˶ͼæϻˣøˡ
У
ˣ
Ҫ֪ߵĿ棬׼Щĺ𡭡̶Ǹʲô죿
µҲͻȻڣ˵ʲôҪ˲ҪҪĻˣӲͷƤܣҲûʲôİ취ЩԲ˵ֲ
۾ţ̶ҲƲɫΣֻץֱۣԼ첲ϣһ§߰ɡ
ЩֲܹõĲ࣬ûмժ²ߣԶ
ԼģϾ˵۾ֲֺ죬۾ҲڻѳԵĴȥ
̶ô롣
ӹһûõԶֵĻᣬ̶ŮһһߣһæŪЩԵģһι
̶ÿÿҪһʲô̵ľʹ㣬ľ˺ȿһһڵιһιһ߽˵Ƚǹ⡱С̣ǸõѸ
оһԸͣ˵öԷι㣬ֻҪͷŬ׽Ķˣ͹һȥȻԱߵʳʳˣҲֻҪüŤͷһ£̶ͻǳ֪ȤػһͶι
ûԶĹԼŶɵӵķչƣΣǿˡ
ҪǣԵĶе㲻̫Ѱ
ô˵أȻܽûͨԶˣԷҲҪӪ⵰涼Уڹģļͨ˵ķʳҲֽṹŶԣ
ϡ⣬⣬һЩԴרϡħ޴ĲȣԼֹźٵʳƳɵʳȻûһѰƵĲ˵غϡ
ζǺܺû
Ե߰˷ֱвڳ̶ʢʳĹҡҡͷԲˡ
ã׼һ³ҩɡ
̾˿ͷԼЩӣҩѾҩˣ
̶һٷһίӣ̧̿СĴָûУǾˣֱΪ㻯ҩȥ˷ʱˡ
һ⻰ҡҡͷ̫鷳ˣԼɣζ
̶ЩͿһ䡮ԡߣȻﲻ̫ԣۻԱ߳ɡˣԼӦһ£סˣ˼ת
ι״һϣ֮ǰĲȲѾùӰߡ
̶ȥ۾ϵĲʶ㣬뱻Լ𡢺Ϲ¡
£ȳҩ̶ֽһͷ˳סһˣҳ⹦򣬸㻻ҩ˳㿴۾ָˡ
Уû˵ģҸоҩҲ㻻
̶ɣҩģЩʵЧؽʡҩ
˵ţǸ˲˷۾ϵɴ붯ǰһƬڰǵԼȻģúܣôܸо⣬̧
һʹȵġŵʪĶϸһ
̶˶ָ֣򿪣©һЩĿоЩ𣿡
֣
һȻգգۣë䵽̶ġһԭΪ⣿ͻȻ᲻Ӧ
һæ֣æͷ㡪Ȼ㣬ֱӿ̶ԿڶƤϡ
ˡ
Ҫ㿪֣Ҳղŵǰ׽סˣ᲻صģȴǻ֮²Ͳĳ̶ȡ
𶯡
ߴһૣǴյĺеķպͶ
ûôȵģȴԭļˣǽƻ޳
̶෽յ˽۲۾ĻָƺԴΪݣжһθҩҩ١
ϧƺϣԽ뿴˫۾ԽǵʹҲ֪ڲʲôɣֽ˺档
ס˺ܸоĺߣѹŪòҴڴŵúܣ¶ԷͻȻʲô֮٣Լ۾״ı͸
ã̶ȻЦһ£׷Ź
ȻǺܳĽëֲܽŪô
мǼģһԴëҪըˣüëһš㡭
ţ
ԷһæתƼԼ۾ͷžͿУҪ
һֱԱߣ״æһ£ѽôôƤģǹиãʳˡ
˵ţĶһȥſС
У
ôôԵģѵ̶ǰѰԼԸռֲϵģЩܳԵĶô
̶ôûж˵ʲôתһԿʼҩ벼ƵҩζһĴ
ŸԼĪǺɫֲʵûйƤĳͶɫӣһһĹֱӾԣǶ֭ģڸϣȴ𣬹һڿڳţ˾ͻһ
æݵȳɣƤܳԣȽϷ㣬ǸҪпǷźԡ
еͷͷŪƤܺ񣬵޻һֲǰԴ󣬺ܺŪֻԼ̫Ūϸϸ飬ĶĶǡ
һЩʳǹչιԣֻǳ֮󣬵ҩͺȻͣƺ˵ʲôֻ˵һڣͻȻסˡ
ŽŲһ㿿Īеš
Źӡ
̶ģӰ˳߿Լ
ƲͷӰһ࣬ۿ°λãСʣʲô£
Źӣں˭˵أ
ϴһֻ֣һӰҲ߽ҲɴҲഫˣùЩ
̶̾˿վߵģҵĹӰˣֲ˵㿴ʲô
У
ˣ¶ˣ
۾Ѿ𻵵˵ݶĳ̶ô̶壬ƽʱùоǵͷҲ㲻˷ţ֪ҳû۸ô


79 
һ, ԱߵĹͻȻվ, Ȳڵ, ͻȻ졣תͷעԼæڰ֣ٺЦߣͻȻе, ȥһȦ
ȻƮˣҲ֪һûɶŮɶ¿
һߣûʲôսķˣ۵ߵǶϳɾˣǣв̫ġ
̶Ͷȥһ΢ЦĿ뿪, ˳ȥţб
ע, ۾ѾϹ, ̶Գˡ
ʱ򣬹в׹, ԭǹ̽ңϰЩԼųԣ֪ܲܿЩΪ׼ֲҩ, Щ, ЩҪضĳԷ, ŹûиǼӹ
̶ͷ, Ȼ壬㡮šһ
ͻˣղҲǹǸӰ˺ҡ
̶ǡšһ
ԭˡղҪչҳԷҲΪҷɾİɣҾ˵û¶ôʲô
šţ̶һ㶣Ǹǡ
ˣҡҡͷ̫ˡ

ȫ֪ô̶ͣΣֻùеٴʵΪʲôҪң
ȽˣҲû˼ЦȤ˵ʲô۸ˡ
ֻǹ΢΢üԾûһʳĻ
Ȿ˺ܽĳ鱻ƣǸһЩģɹգգۣһƬģܾúﲻԡ
ǹûǡ۸ʲô۸
ֱҪɱҪбǣ²ȥǾʹһ٣Էһѣûп˳۵ĵطǾͺƽദ۸ǸʲôС˵
ǴŶ۸δʱҲδ̫³ˣȫ̶˻£ΪҲ֪֮õԼᴧ⵽ֲ档
ƲƲ죬˼Ƭֱ̣ƿʻص㣬ȻȻѲɣ۸ң
̶һҭ˻ȥһʱԡȫı飬ҲЩ΢պǣʲô۸İ
ǿôѲɻÿҩƭǹӳԣֲ³ҩ
˼̶̾˿ҪΪ룬ԸԼ鷳ʲôģǲܵˡ
̧֣յеĽָľ࣬ѵˮƵһ£һö̥ǡԱߣƫ磬棬
ô
֪Լʲô۸ģ۸ȤΪӦű۸ȥô
һ£ԼʱƺӦõͷϣֱĪȥ룬벻ͨΪʲô
µ׵ʱ̶ҲûôѶ
̶վָ뿪ľ࣬ԥһ£ûй紥ǸӡǡǰˣһãȻģױ˳״̬ȴƫƫԼûж֮ġ
һȫȻΣǽĶƤͲ̻¶мצࡣ
ȫķǴӺδϾǰ˾жݣԼ֪ģǳţ»ɵԼ
ǹ̹ϵ˵ۼΪ˷Ϊڸ߶ӦðҲͲ̶Ҳ¡
еġԴ̶֪ǡǡʼͶ˲Ծĺ棬͸ĥĸΪ˻ദ֮лҪ̲סعעҪǰϷ
Ϊˣټµױ̶ֵסһǸ˺޹ĺ£ѾڳʶΧ֮ڣԼڳ䱸ģףҼٵúܡ
һ־ʱ򣬶Ҳű˱ܵߣ۸أ
۸ӦҲЩЦɣ
벻ӻ۸˵Ȥĵǵ΢Ĳ̽ѯʣǺ棬ҪŪˣ
ô桢Ϊ̶ֱ㻹͵ŸħҲ޷ԷŪ˵ʱ򣬻Ǹʲôӣʲôʽ
֮л̫δд꾡Ķ
棬ĺ棬ǡɽƣ嶫ܶ¶Ƕ¶᲻ͷʱͻȻ̶ô˼Ӧ˵еռ̶ʱ侫ǼԼѼֲԼЩĵʱ䣬ȷͷԷȵѰҡҶٷ硯һĺõöࡣ
ǵ㲻ôӦֱδɢǿѹȥ
Ķҷġ
ʣ̶̾ƺЩΪˣûٴǳĬؿʼŪͷҩݡɴ
ߴϤϤã̶۾ϣҩĲ˻ȥԺá
֮ķչӵɻ
Ȼ̶̫ɡ̫ˣԼһ۸˶벻뵽ˣҲ˼Ū
Ҳ̫ɰ˰ɣ
˼˴зЦ˺ˣӣƤ˾ͲҪǿ۸ʲôĻǡ
Ƚ˳һЩ
仰δü˵ڣͱ»ȥˡ
ҭбҭ֮ʱ
ȫӲԭأԴһƬհסֱ졣
۾ѾסζƲˣ־Ҫֻʣ´á
һʼΪ̶ԼļûˣŹʲôҩ֮ĶסԼ졣ϾԵĶвٶģҪôʪģǱ֦ۡƵģֻζвͬ
СʱԼ̫ƶʱ򣬵ܵҲͷʳסԼ죬ֱӶû
ǡԡΪǳԵġſ졣
һ£סˣ
ڷǲκοʳöʱ򣬹г͡
Ȼ˳û˸ˬ
µʱҧײĴ³ǿǲͬȫһ
Ƭ̶̹ɿͷŶͷۿǸȫɵС
۾˫΢ţɫҲЩѪɫ㵽ڣҲ֪һ£ȸղŸʺϱ۸ˡ
Ǹ
һḧŹеĺԣһֱ˳ë󱳣
ۡ
ţ
۸ˣнͰ͵Сૡ
ǡ㡭۸˵ķʽ
ʲôıɵɰ̶۸ˣ
֡һðһʳƭϹ졯ϵʽؼԼмˣ
̶ɫҲеǰ˻㱵ૣеأڿߣίίعԼô۸ˡ
Ҫ
һ״Ͽңţûס۸ˣܱǸ˵Ļ۸
У
Ϊ𣿣


80 
ѵһ춯, ͵ƿǰ, վ, Եӣ
Źӣ
̶ǵػһȴûеõӦ
еĺ֪ΪЩ٣˵Ϊǵ⧲, ʲôģôôãҲƽϢ˲ŶԣʵȴϵġϵȶڼӾ硣
ڣ޷ٽһеЦ֮лҵضţʱЩ, һֱϣǿͣ
״е㲻Ծ, , ȣҲƽ, 룬ǡ
ǣҩˣ
Щ, ĵһӦǳԵĶﱻ˶, ƺͲͨȲ̶Ϊ, ħ, Ҳ飬̶ͼıҲҩԼս͵ʱ򣬻κ뺦Լشкġ
뵽΢ЩʵӡЩֲҩģǴӺδȡģ
ôˣЩ⣿
ٲɵҲܿеЩ״ˣ̶Ҳҷɴ⣬ſ˼ѯʳﲻţЩҴַĿȡģŶԡ
ַ
طеıЩŹ֡
̶ݲôȥҪĶַĿȡȷӦ
ֻطʵ˺Ѳᡣ
ѵԼеʲô˵ҩ
ɡȵȣҩĻ̶µģƺҲܽ͵ͨ
ܵģֲǻСǣǡ
һ£ĺС
еɫֱ䣬ֹ֪Щʲô
̶ǵǣ߽˼ţҿһºòãصĻҾʹȥʶҽһ£
ʶҽޡĺô
еɫˣҲû̶ֹĿ
Ҵ򡣡˵˾䣬ƺһȶֻϵȸлδɢȥӡ
ڡ̶߽ڴ£̧Ϊ̽ף󡭡
г֣߬ס죬ʣô
ʲô
ûˡ
ת̫죬̶Щסˣҡ
˵˵ǸˣԲԣĿƺҪ͸۾ϵĲأڻбѡԸô
̶ͷЩðеѣ
ֻеĶͷǵؿһ㡭㻹ҪҪϢһ£Ҹõˮ
ҪĶûʼͱϣҧƴȫصһ½ȥ
Ȼһ£ббѹڴ֮ϡ
еͷеˣ˼ҲҺ֪ԼʱֻҪ̶룬׾ƿԼ
ԵǸѾˣûˣִڹȥŷŹԼЦһǱúܣʪ£ȴ˼ɣԼռϷǸ˵ɰαطҪΪ˸˷Ѿ˷Ѹأ
̶ȵؿϵˣôͻȻЩˣŹӣ㡭㲻֪Լ˵ʲô岻ʣڷգǡ
ô֪е㼱ˣڲöŭЦ㲻˵ҿ۸͹Թƽ۸ԭǸˣ֮󣬾ɡ
˵꣬һ̶ؿڣһֳԼ¶Щʪİ¡
С
ˡдͷżţħԽʢǰķ˿һ˳Ժ΢΢ͷЩ˵Ĳ¶ֻ΢۾ëҲʪˣͫŵһ㣬ľ
Ϊ֣ӦҲһذɣ
̶̧һԡ
иϵΧڵЩȣ鷳Ҳġҩ㲻СģΪ֮ûϵ
罫ƾͼƣ˳ˮۣ硣
ҩ
ʱѾ޷˵״̶̬Ǵʱһɤڷʣҩ˵ҩŹӣҸʲôҩ

֪ʣ
еɴϣֱϰǳغһ׿ڳϣ˵˷ܲɣ
ǡ̶Ҳ˴ʱҲûʸ˵ԼȻˡ
ֻеᣬڲ⿪Ժ˵׼ʲôӡ
Уǡ˼桢Ƶġˡ̾ΪΣҲţ㵱ΪԼַ֮ҩˣ
ţ粻ղֻǻû׶Ƭʱ⻰Щת䣬䵭ô
Цһ̶סһ΢㽫˴뻳УһתƵתѹ˴ϡ
ģһе㲻ð˵
һֱװɵȥĻ˳µһЩˣº󲻻ᱻѣһֱװɵȥ˵Ļһֱ
ԼŻʹУΪҪԼתͷͷñԷ̶ʻЩ
̧֣˵ĵﴦһɹȪӿ룬˵Ϣ
ԭֻ¸Ҹһõ⡣
ǡҩЧ⿪ˣֻϵĸо΢£ЩάĳܷΧڣһɢ
ȡȻȵģȻ޷ƽͷĽУѾ˴롣
оһЩŵбۣŵﴦƣоʼϢ
ȻڳֻƲͬлˣڱóӯӯͻȻʲôʿڵֻһ㡣
һ֮󣬹еĺ𽥹ƽȣ»䣬ϵĺҲˡ
ǻ˼ά̶£ֱװ
װĻӦþͲʵ˰ɡ
һԵţٶȱȣһΣΪˣǡҩӣԼЩʲôԼĲڴҩ¡
ͦġֱ˯һˡ
̶δ뿪̧֣۾ɿĲ
һֱӲزҶ￪ʼ
ˡ
̶ѡ
нۣǲѡ
Զвһװ˯ˣ
̶ƳԼɴԱߣȨ˵ˣ
ӦûиҩַҲҩǡ㶼ܲҩϵ˰ɡ
еȣĵܲܲˣ
ƺͳͬһΪһ㣬ҸЩʲôʲôҾˡ̶˵·ӸϣѰ˳ЩӦòʲôӦ㣬ԱʣҲ֮ϲ˰ɣ
У
лл㰲οŶ
Ѱķߣ˵ҪղѸټ򵥵Ҳݾģͬʳֱա̳ͬߵΪڵʱ䲻ôĻѡ˫`ޡ
û˵ڵǣΪʱʹġٺãҲ󶼲ʲôá˵󲿷µġûôã޺ܵͣܲס̫Ϊħ
ǳܵס֮߱նϵϵڣٳԣ߲ٿ֮ʱҲֻܷӳԼеΪˮƽ൱һˣнıҲֻҿҴʹ˽һ
ҪȻǸ˶ҪѡŪߵġԼȥˣ˫ʲôء
СҲһø߼ɵġҲΪǵ洫ЩѰ֮ЩϷЧã̶ҲûöྪȣСһƼˮѰޡôԼȥûʲô
е£֪ۼǰ㣬˵ơ
˭֪Լʲô˵ˣС᲻ʹ˷ٲԼߣѳû͵ȵĻᶼó


81 
ڹ˵, ȫǸ֮ϲ
, ׼һʱû̫, ֻǴݼȥ
Ϊ̶Ч̫, Щֲժײ˲ҪǮƵһιԣԼˡˣֱӳ˸ʡΪӯڵĴƷֱùзһҾĽݾ
֮ĽݾΪԼԭò, ˲˹Ҳػšֱ꣬µϡ, ԭҿľ, ø
ϸһ˼, ԼĿӡ
Ľݾκһˣ޷ȥ, Ϊ, ޷, άһֻ״̬
, 𣬲꣬ôҲǽ޷һͬɳֻ߹޵·޷ĽΪס
꣬Ȼ˳ʹáȴһ޷Խ컨壬ٶࡢΪٿ죬Ҳ޷ԭװľ磬ǰ׷
ԣֻֻУʧȥݣĿӣԾѲƳɵֲͨҩĵرѸٶû谭ף
֮£ֻһ˵ٳ֮
գ
ħΣΣµɵħһֵ

˼˴̲סЦ⡣
ˣŵν߳ܵĸоɢ˲٣˫ۣһüװ˯ˡ
Ա̶ǷӦ״ֻ̬Цһ£֧˵Ļֱ˯һġ
˼ڰʾԼ׷֮ǰˣҲǿʵ
һж˵֮лֱ뿪
ҡҡͷڷǵۣ棬˯ţֱֳ̧˹ϵĲŬӦߡ
֮ǰȻδƣڿʱ۾ѾʹĸоˣǸףգܳ׸ԭ
оˣ
̶Źе۾еѯţ̬Ȼƽͣ·֮ʲôѰ¶û
ˡ˵ֱ۾ǿ̫塣
ϻһЩҩֲ˳ִģҪҪûʲôóģ
ЦˣŴ㻹ҳҩ
ֹǸңҡ
̶죬ĳЩתһȦ˻ȥǸĿڣû¡
֮ͨ󣬹Ҳûٹˣ̶Ĳ뿪̣·ߵߣһ̶ԱΪһֲҩĵ֡õȵȶ˵
඼һ֮󣬹иɴдһµĵӣ̶ȥռ
ȷҪЩô̶һ飬Щȷ᲻̫Щ
Щ٣ԹЩӰ죬ûʲôõĽٶ࣬Ҳʲôʵʵô
ǱȵЩ
ᡣвԼЩʲôԼ⣬ͣһ;Ҫ¶ݡ
ֻЩɳЩΪһˣѾƣҲ޾ȥˡ
̶
֮ǰ־壬ΪԼҩ뽫ƾͼƣ̶ֱû
ӦһĶӣ޲˯ȥҲ档
ΣЩǳ嶯µľٶµӰ죬̫˼׵ʧˡ
ϸһ룬Ȼ;ó嶯µٶʵҲΪԼһĳ·
̶Ȼǡٷ繫ӡںãֲ²֮϶ġٷ繫ӡĵĶϾһϵ
ô˿̵ԼΪУΪһ̶ʱ˴˷֣ʶˡβһġ롯أ
ϸ̶֮ǰ־ٶϣѾЩҡ˵ġ
ֻǡĶҡˣΪԼʱ򣬲ɴ˳ˮۣԼΪ˾ӣǿ¶Ҫ棿
ģоƺԼʲôطϸ֮£ϸ
Ժ̶չĻ̫ˣȽϺá
д⣬ԥˣ̶̧ķ򣬽֮ǰǡ۸ȥĳ̶֣΢Ц˵ллԼּˡ
Ƿǳоӷ緶̶úܡ
ѼЩһ۰ɣһٳΣ
̶ĬƬ̣ҡҡͷˣջָȽҪѱٹȣ͡
ź̶̾˿ùȻǽյ˵ĸңùжԼһ࡭
ļΪȣлǹŲʳ˯˯˳ԵıͶι
ϵģʽǣ̶ͷѼַǹϡĶûгԣ֮󣬹оʹϢŬеһظƣΪƵѸ
м䣬Ҳйһ
̶뿪֮󣬹еֻظ֮ʱͷֹһ֮͡
һչȥˣжڷţħ뵣оٹã׼ˡ
ʱͻȻһ˵ϢƿŵмңƼǸɫӰ
Դݣûύ½ɡ̶֮ˣȻʲôѣʲôˡʱҵģֻһܣǱ˾¡
ȷǰĹޣ˾±ˣµĵָ֮࣬ɵֻԼһЩŶϢĸ֪ܷ˺żˡ
ѯʶԷ˭кιɡ
Һˡش𣬶ߴ˷䣬Ҵ˷򡣡
ķչҲǹԤ֮е֮һ
ûж˵Ϳ뿪ȥҡ
ȻӰſ˼ֺȻ۷վͫǵĹǰ
˵ʵûоú£ǰ˾£ʱԼݣҲ̫֮ǣ꣬˾ǹ޵޷ֱġ
ĿӣӴĺôԶԶһҪöࡣ
վǰȻסһƺǷʲô治
λӡʦ
ţ
е㲻⣬ֱֻԵ
㲻翼һ£ֱӰΪʦ
У
չֱӳԤϷΧ
ΪΣǺˣ΢΢üû뵽Էͽ˼ǹޣҿɲǹޣΰʦ
˴˿̣ȷǰ֮ˣӦ˾±û
ֻʱ֮ط꣬Լһݣû뵽˾Ҳ˽Ȼ̬ͬȶԴԼ
ܹ˾µ㲦ˣ˾½̵ˣ񶼳ЩˡҲͬʱ˲⣬ƢԸķɡ
Ϊ֮£ֻܽ㡣˾ºƶ˵㣬˼
δȹЩʲôǰӰӺȻһźȻʧˡ
һյĹ̶ŻˣŲЩæսʱĿǹеıӰ
Ŵţվţ̫嶫˫Ŵ󿪵Ĵ⣬Ŀʲô뿪Ҳûתȥ
˾뿪֮ǰ˵һ仰
Ǻܿ컹ټġ


82 
Ŵ, ķ紵˵°, ˿ŷ, ¶һֻӨ׵Ķ䡣
̶ǰˣֹ̧š
᲻ءѵһһȣ
һˡ
Ȼվſ, صĴСֵǵĵرȴ춯ϲϲرŷ˹ӭԼ
ǽһ̹
˿̽Ķ⶯˶йȻعͷ¶ЦݣǸոջƵģһ˹
, һ㣬ЦݵķҲСһ, ϴŵ·, ƽʱϽôһ㣬
̶, Ȼһ̴ﵽ˸߷壬˲ƳϵֲѰ֮ڹп֮ǰ, ׽ס,
˭ˣ
ʲôп, , ЦڵɫһΪҪ˵ǣĸҰ˳ҲˡȻʦûúõءͷһء
ȿȡ
̶ɫͻЩ٩ҲӦԼģе㶪ˣͲѳԴ׺ͲдˣʱЩ˼Ҳ˼
˾̶Ǻĥ˰ĳЩ¡
п׾ͱԼĻӰ죬һȥ̲ס̾ȻһǸС
ûʲôֻǰߴһ¡
˾µĵԼЩĪĻвδᡣ̶ӣˣ̶һ̲סҪȥ¡
˭£Ȼ½ɵ£Ҳϣ̶ֵ¡
½ɵݣǡٷ繫ӡ˿ٵΣΪǰΣһ͸¶ġǡǸ½ɣ˵ûعͷʵظлԼΪ䱣ء
ߴţ̶ЩŽɣҲûϸ룬ܿͻص桪ճͶιС
һյͶιϸϵҩ壬е״Ҳһձһպ
۾Ѿ𽥻ָܿ˵ĴֻȻ̫ٵĳ̶ȣۿΧĺۼѪҲָԭʱĹУѾж磬һȣԼˡ
ȻʣȻ̫ٱ仯̶ĻĽԹеѾѰʵˡԵľӹϸһԲϾܵһţȻǼ̶̳ȣδħļӳ֣ѰķѾǼ˲ˣ֮ˣӷҲƤ
һʵΪд벻ı
·ȣҲˤ·ϵʯͷѹˣҲۣһͷײϣǸõĵҲ
ҪģΪ
˾µͻȻãѾȥ֮ãҲ˽׵ıԵʱܻӭ׽١
ڻҶٷʱΪħٻ壬ڣҲպҪ׵ٹڣ׽ٲգ׼̶ô˹һԱ߻˳׻ûġ
̶ҲûкܽţĶɽٽף߸ʽ˼˼ܵٹڣֻ˵еıҲѵ˱ٹϣûôԶ
ֻΪ˱л뿪˿ջѰһŵѰ˵ɽȣ׳ɹٻؿջδָ䣬ҲûϵĹˣ˿ջ̶µļλӰ㻤ߡ
ӰˣһλɴõҰһ齫ùĸСﵱע齫
λڵӣлЦЦЩ뿪ˡ
ûһء
ϲĻȶɽٻټӸˣһΣ̶۵ļСţ齫Ҳԡ
һۣɫѾǰЩ峺ֻ࣬ȻЩ۽׼յرر̶ܷ
һµһ첻£ΪҲҩΪһڻҪҴ齫ĺʣ
ҲʱʱţַҲӵġ̶û˼ֻʾԼеúܡ
Ҳʱ䣬ڽƹţ֮ǰõһɽߡ
𣿡ǰ棬ͻȻ˽ŲΪĳԺα㣿ȵҪʱҲΪ㡭
̶ǣ֣ƹ·ϵĿӿݣʲô
㣬ڳҹʱѾԻϥ̸
ţôŵģʽӦϲİɣԼֱ˵ʲô˯ϴͷһڶȡůĻ˵Ҫˡ
̶һ£ȫ֪Լʧʲôþգͷá
ˣڿջš˵ЩˣӺδģ˳ѯʵЩ£ѾãһֱûҵʵĻѯʣΪûǣֻǿأû뵽齫
̶ʱѾ¶Ҳݣ˸ǻͱƵ죬һסãʵʱҲû˼
˵ܣ̶˵ǵ˸˽Լ֮õĺ¡
Щߣһƾ̶ɴϸ˵ǳ֣֮Ǵҵ󲿷ֵЩ棬ҲԳΪ棬ҲǵԼĵǵ֮ġ
޵Ȼ
̶ͷʵмҲһֱûи㡣
кʵʲô£
¹ǡ׳Ȼ˿еɫżݵЩ¹ʱ޻ǡ
¹ǡ
еɫ˳Ȼ뵽һʬ塣
ʱƶӰ죬Ϊʧأȵʱ֪ԼʲôЩ˾޴̼ھɱ¹ǵѾ޷ȡ
һŬάŲ֪ģǸ¹ǣţǸ¹֮Ҳӽġ
ҡ̶ûгϣڹеǰȻĴԣеЩ΢ʵʲôæҲûϣºЩû𣬱㽫¹ɱһЩùΪƾΪַˣһջۣǵõгΪ޵ϣ
ޣһϲ˵Щ棬ǶԻ洦ģЩ¹ɱǡʵˣ
̶ͷȻҲʹߣǵȷԻһЩôÿһ֮Уһ˻ĻǣùΪƾ͵ǺҴһԼΪĽǱңҲǲ
Ľͣ˼صͷǡҡ˵ѾлڵĹ棬˹ô㣿
ģǲԼġ̶ĽͣϹ棬ͺҴһֻеĻ໥˫`޲࣬ǻݻĹϵûʲôЩʱͻֹˡ
ŷ
˶ߣͽ·Ҳٶȼ죬˵䣬Ѿǰ׼õɽȡ
̶˿ɫ˼Ƭ̣ȡԼǸϣ⼸գΪԷһҾȲժˡ
ٴƼǸԸ߼ߣҲĿ̶ڴıװһȦǰ࣬ƺ뵽ʲô
ŵ棬ҲһǣҲ˫`ޣ
̶һʱϵıãֻ˫`ȣʵǸ㡢ˡ
᣿ʲô
һգۣӦ˹漴Цӣֻ˵Ѱ˫`֮ʲôأ
ԼǸʥųģ̶ԽԽڵĽͣϻ벻ᴦȥ
ûʲôûġ
ˣͷһƼ̶Ƥԣ˾˵Ļǲ˫`ޣ˼ǣ㻹Ժͱ˫`޵ģôӰ죿
Ҫ֪볣˵Ļͬߵ˫`ֻ֮һ޷ٶһ˵ġ
ô˵
̶Ӳ˼ˣ֮ϣǳذ糺졣
ҲţмתȥƵһߣ׷̶Լ˶ŵĻᣬЦеΪλ޽г˻ûޣ


83 
һʼʱ, Ȼ֪ɾƺ, Ǹ, ֻǸʵݵĵ߰ˣֻǴŻĵߡ
ٺʼʵݣ뵽̶֮ս, Ǹķˣ˾ͻ
ôһʣ̶ȴ̹˵ÿһַ֮Уһ꣬, ǩˡ
ǰҲˣҲ, Ϊ, Ϊһ·ɻսķ, ҲǺƴˡ
Ҫ֪ȻףôһѰ, Ҳܹ, ûз츲صı仯
̶һʼ, Ѱ, ַɾرݺʵ࣬ԭǸص档
˵̶ΪͻͽһձһĳУڹеԺޱȺ棬ʲô꣬ʲôĹޣôǿʵ
һǿĹޣΪδӲ棬ôΪ˵ʱһ£̶֮λƺȫԼ˺ͳûȤ
˵λ̶ĵҲǵһ̶׿
Ҵŵ棬һЩ̫һ
δ˵꣬ܵĹߺȻ
˲Լ̧ͬͷա
ͷϷ̶˲Ϣ֮䣬ܲúõգ÷ҹһ㡣
п˼ۣȻþȻ硣
ڽ뿪ջ⴦ɽȣǾĽƣһ죬һܻᵽȴû뵽δ󷨣ƾˡ
оþȣһ̶ȴû˵ȻͷƣüͷԽѹƬ̺󣬳
ƣǲ̫Щ
ںڵѹĽƣͷƬգûоʹֹͣƣԽԽ࣬ҲԽأգֱһħӦˡ
û̫⣬֪ǺħҩֲΪƴһЩҲǺѰħ޶ɽʱһ󣬶ɽǰ߸ʽĴС
ðɡ
̶ģץڵʱ䣬ʼˡ
󷨵ĲãҪԷסΪ̶ˮƽˣȻר󷨣Ҳѣһæţһ߾Ƽ˹лŸķԼЦ
һЦһߴչһڵӡ
ŶˣղűͻȻֵĽƴϣʲôҲжˡ
̶
ܸȤ
ָȻǼ֮еĻǡ
һʳ̶죬֮УҲһֻЦ
ҲЦһ£ܸӵأûе٩΢ֻǺػش𣬡ҷǶȤӡ
һһӣеǹֻǴӹеĿнгˣԽԽƫԭζѰζ
̶ϸζһ£ȷԼǡӡʲôĶԽԼħˡ
ԺлĻ̶һۣվ͵һ׹⣬ʱ֪ʲô뿴ʲô㣬ô
뿴ʲôԣ
нһ˼ĵһ飬ʱЦѽ
̶λҪˣҵԼĲ̫һ޷Ƚϸӡ
ԥŸνͣٴ̧ͷա
һͷĽƸǵķΧˣлܹһЩԼ⣬Ұƺһ
ףûʽ£ȻֻԽ𣬾Խľ
ܵɽ֮УѾʼбɢһƬ
εĽе㲻Ծ̶˵
ȷǺܲԾ˵ղŵĽƣֻ̫ЩǸ׼ģôڣӦ˵ǸǱٹħӦ׽ˡ
ƼɢȥŸΣտɲķ仯ô̶¸ո׼õ󷨣ܿͻͬһ㱡ֽô
Ҳע⵽쳣̶ֻԽѿɫ˵Ҫƽ࣬
ơǴֱӰɻҰ
Ƶ·𼴽ĲʲôɵƵġ
ƻڼ仯ƺûоͷ㲻ţ׽ȴٳû¡һĻʲôİ·˵ǻΪλΪ˵õҪڴ˶ɽˡ
µǣƵ׻仯ʲôʱŻͣ£޴Ԥ⣬޷ԤҲζźӦԡ
ǿʼ׼бϵ󷨣ôʱĳ̶ȱȻߣóһЩãǻû׼ã׽پˣôкֱܻܿӻҷ
Ǳȶ׼󣬵ʱ̵󷨡ôЩܱǶ׼ˣ׽ٻû£װ˷ѵʱ䲻˵ԽԽûףǿٶ࣬Ҳֻȫʬ
̶˼һ㣬ɫˣ˵ڵףҲܸͷѹѹĽˡ
ҪУвһЩٳɵ󷨣һԶ໨ЩһΧĴ󡣡
ҡҡͷһ𣬺ԽǿԽãֵܵסԪӤܵĽƵǿȡ
̶ʵǵ£ȴˡ
ǺΣǶߵԼÿͼԽԼ޵˱Եһ
أǹУ˭
һĿӣڲĽݾ֮ϣռ˴˵ˣҲλ֮䣬˷ǹĹ
뵽ģԼĴڣ£
ʱɣʳֲҩͻΪڵ棬ǲϼǿɣһһ㻵ûУδ̫ƽЩ
ӿ̽ӰſһΪԼжôУúܡҲΪڿⷴɲĽʱŻ侲ʶѹƣֹǰ̶ֳȡ
侲ģеûо⣬ƶˡ̶Լ󣬵ʵϣ󷨳ɹ£Ҳܾͷ
ֽǱģ򶨣Ҳ޷Լָָ¶ȣֻһϢǿ־ȶ
Ҳǵ˴ʱвȻһˡ
һʱţҪԺˣԼǸͻȻʱµζĻ
˾¡
еĶһ٣ĵȻһ
ˣ˾££ѵʱ򣬾Ԥ˴ʱ£
˵ʲôͽʦ˵ʲôΨһܽԼˣ˵ٴμ桭
ʱɻ󲻽⣬Ϊ˾ֻڷʲô񾭡ʱ˾µ̬̫΢·϶ʲô»ᷢƶԼ´μʱһı̬ȣˣҲûȫš
֮У˾µȷҲֻ㹻дδԼһ֮ıҲܱ˾¿Щʲô
ȴ־ϲ뵽Ҳ˾¿ģԼǵ⣬ҲԤ˽졣
˾µƢԣĶԼȤܻܿڽԼɽ٣
Ӧ˾µԤϣԼҲǷλһ顣仰˵˾»Ψһһа취Լɽٵߡ
ǻ̶Ǵ˵˾±Ǵħ޵ˣ۱ѹݡΪѣ۽ƵĿɲ̶ʲôû˻˾¸
ǷbossΣ׽ĹΣԼֺγǸƵĺˣ
ţͣ˲֣վԭأ֮£絶µشϣ˼Щɱ˵Ŀɲ硣
̶״üͷ΢壬ʱѾųʮӰ󣬷ҲǺò׺͹˵˰죬ű˵ˡӦģʱôַרĲˣ
Źӣ
ûлش¶Ц⣬۵Ĺʸˡ
û£ɡ
Ц⣬ϵ£״˵󷨲Ϻ󣬾˱һ£뿪ɽȰɣʣµĽԼͺá
̶վֱӣȻ˻⣿


84 
뵽˾һʱ, оѾ, , ̶뿪
˾²ʲôˣҲǻŪˣԼĻͶȻԤϵһЩ¡
ڱʺͷ, Ҳǵˡ
˾ǲƾԼ̶һܳŹȥʱ̫գ̶Լðաһˣֵ̫áԼˣ, ô̶ڳҲıʲô, һ˶ѡ
˾», ôҪײϣһһԲϴ, ܲʰϣ̶ڻδɳ㹻ǿ󣬾ͱеľǰ̫˾½֡
ο, ̶ĸ, ˳ȹˡ
һΡ´أٹ֮, ̫ζɽٵʱ, ܲÿζ̶ԼһաԼɽٵ˾£
ǾòŵıˣˣֻҪȫȫŬͳɡ
صǣ̶ۼʶ׽ٵӵԸ񣬺ܻܿҲϷԼȥԶɽٵѡ
֧ߣǳܾģûɹĻһ̶Լ¾ûôס
˭̶Ǹɵء
ǷǮǷ顢ǷǸҲǷһ

б˱ۣ̾һȻƣ
ӣԼķӣ롣
ʲôӣ
̶գգۣһȻģҪǿϸӣҪ˱ô
֮⣬ǱˡߣΪãΪ㣬д󱦱㿴˭Ҳ뿴˭ҲҵĴ󱦱
ǳţǳ˽ǳӲˡ
Ϊ⼸նҺãҶãǾ޼ˣڵġ
µѾҪˣԹΪģԲڵɽҲѾƸǣʹ󷨺뿪ҲҪЩʱ䣬ܳ˵ȫӰķΧ
̶Ѹٽ󷨵һɣЧʳĿ죬ùжЩۻҡһվ˹ǰＸЩŭ⣬
˵أ
̬ȼˣôлǵһο̶¶ȫģ
ǱΪǡ˰
ʱ򣬹Ȼ˸̣ǰˣһЩΪ͵Ц⡣
ƮƮЦ⣬ݣ̶Ϣһѵ˵ɢըΣַΧ綼ų˲͡
أţ׵ͽ
ȫĴ̶ըˣεУҲֻƵڹеΧΨ˿˵עŵĹбˣ̶˵Ҫ塢סǰˣ˵װͰ͵ػš
˻ô
˺⣬Ҳٶ࿴̶ƿԼһδɵ󷨲ãŲȲоʯ
㲻ߣǻҵĺ£޷óĵƣ·˵ʱӲһΪˣ
˵һ̶һ͵زأ˵ҶߵģպǺҲգҪΪҲã㴦ã
ã컵£ˣô㣿з²󷨵ĶŲæȴԽû¶ȣҪŲߣҿɲˡ
ȻʣڹеУһ̶ָ
뿳ң˳ɽٺ㣬»ǻȫӦǰµĺá̶ȫΪָһеĳǰŲҴңƢٴҲ뿪벽ġ
β
бˣһ˦йƵɨƽһƬݲݣҷжʱһƬ֦Ҷ̶㻹ΪһЩæ͸һȣȨ𣿣
Źӡ̶ĿбӵؿϯضҲö˶޲ֻǴҪɽ٣Ҫۿƽ£ŹӵԸԼҵĹϵλ޹ϵ
˼˵ҾҪ㣬ֲûϵ
޳ܡ
ã㲻ߣߣˣԼҲӲһаô¶ҪɢԼеǣתߣһž̤ϳ໨Ѵʱ侫õҲҪˡ
ֱʱ̶ǼᶨƵ۵ײһ˿ɶ״׷ȥһ쵲ڹǰҪȥĶ
ȥͷһȥĶʲô£
Ȼҵ£̶üһ׽˫һקʹӳקԼǳʱҵģûн飬ѹƵúܣ׽˹У˲ʱֱڱ󷴿ۣѹԼ
Ҵ˼µģҲʱȻģҵģʹҵģƽ޹ҪЦ˵ʲô£
ǣԭӿŴƣԭһֱһذ⼸ǽ࣬ûܳԽ̶ͬĵزֱ۱ţ̶ϣҲܻ䣬ſھǼļ
û˳ЩյǮƣҽվ͸һõطԼȥѰҵȫңȻȲַҴҵĺҲ㹻ծˣ
˵ʱ˫۽ӿЩ糺죬һ˫δȫȬ۾Щģȴþˡ
̶⻰ʱЩڣɺˣˣȴȻи֣
ҡ˼Բ𡣹Źӣˣٸߡ
Ȼ棬ЩίкһͣһݼЩƹȻƺԼΪСʼεظߡ
뿪µ׾ͷֵӣ˼ˣҪԼҲһƣѰֵǵĶΪԼ壬ҲҲǡ
ѾҶٷˣҪΪ˱۸̶ԼˣȴֱһδαԼܾ
Ѿˣǽ£ˣǺ˾ǰϡͲǿǵù͸ù˲ˡ
뵽ҧ¶˾ģصˣɿң
ɣ˵ʲôҲˡ
˭ˣ
ըˣ̧ţͲҧˣûʲôˣɵӲ˺ˣƾʲôң̶쵰û㣡
أͷĽ֮׹ʤˣһ绬һαһͿɲʱ£ֳٳţϣ˽ĥ
е̶֣ȴȻоЩ֮вŵ΢ԽԽ¡
ԭôóѵһˣȻҲ֪µġ
֪ǣµʱ־ƵһʱĹУֻӷ񷢺ݡ
ˣҲֵġ
̶̾Ȱһ䣬ͷȥѹŹе˫ȥͷһγ״ϵı仯Өɫ·Եڻȥϵ¶С
ҰʲôУȷûˮУһȥ˲еɴ۾ͷԴױһһƬ硣
˰ˣ̶˿ȴȻûе⡣
׶׹ˣûʸô


85 
̶˵⻰ʱ, 촽ֻзֿһ粻, ǼűǼ, ڹжͷϣ˵ʱϢһ
ƵɤЩƵı˿˿ƵеĶ, ۵ĲҶƵţе
̫ɶˣǳвףˣ
Ѿ˴룬еˣֻܺ۾, һ仰˵Լȥ, ̶ʲô
һֱ, ̶Ϊˣľӷȡֱ, һǡǰ;ޣΪʱޡ
ȴ, ʹ̶, Ҳħ, Ҳʱʱ̿ż尾, ҪŬѹợάһŵĲ䡣̶ʵҲвһУʲôΪһ档
ġǡģȫҫ۵ˡ
ûгҲû˵侲˼һ˵ĻҲӦĶϾ·İɣͬʱ׽УģҲɣ
𽥵أзգգۣ΢΢ͷСغˡҲ߾ǣȷſҡ
ǰ˺Ȼ̶¿ˮɤӣ᲻ð˷ſˣֻҽʵ˻棿֪᲻ͻȻûߡ
ҾӣҲӲƵ죬˵ʵࡣ
̫ˣ̶Щûס׹ȥ
ͷϣʱڲǺֵʱ򣬵׻ɿ֡
æƿ˼˾룬촽ϻź׵ĺۼ谵Ĺ£Ȼޣ̶Ҫȥæ̧Զһ㡣
ǷͲˡ
̶Σϵ߻ָԭ״Ҳ۸˾ǡ
в˵󷨼һ飬ȫúˣһ̶Զĵطš
ͷĽƺ¡죬ɽȵѾɢøɾԶԶȥľݶڿϯõġжϢ߾ħ͵óķֱ߾ţֻΣʱ̾
գʧȥ˶ҹĸ֪һȣǲ֪ã̶Χֶ˼硣
ɻؿ̶ͶһЦݣ̫ˡ
ʱˣȻŵ磿иоΧȷЩ˵ʲôоϲʲôرˣ·Ȼ࣬磬Ҳڱ
̶ôһ˵ȴʹأøղźЩ䣬Щ
治ʲôףţȻϵ·
̶ע⣬һŲŹӣʵ
˵һ룬ͷһףžһɫεĽ֮ϣֵס
ˡ
տʼر£æղ˵ʲô
׽һʼֻԽԽܼԽԽңлǳ˵ĺá
̶üͷɫأʵΣ࡯ǲģѾӦңλỤȫԣصġ
һʱûܿڶ׽£ȵһҲЩֻ󷨱ţû˵ˡ
̶ʵ˵ֲ࣬˵Ͼ֮һʲôȥûɣͻˡ
ʵ֪ٷ磬ʵ͵͵ӡתͶ̥ҲӲڵĸңǷһ
Ըǰ˽ǷԹһֶȥֻҪһڡһɣԼһֱԭأ㱻Ҳ뿪
ǵ£ĵ
ÿһ׽٣֮ǰĸΣգҲѸۿţѾɶĺۼ̶вòЭѵһδβȫάԴŹʱ䡣
˵ԹеΪҪ׽٣Ӧֻоŵŵ׽£پɹɹȥˡȻͷĽȻصͳȫûѾȥһļ
Ȼ뵽ˣ̶ĻԽ꣬Թ˼ԲߣҲ˼Ϊλ״Ȼ벻ס
Сż϶ʱ֮Ҫͨòʮشܱ˴һ㣡
վؼϣǬԲϣ˵ԶԶ˵ҲҪһ̲ͣȻ뿪
ŲŲŲԼȻܹ˼󷨣Ǳ߿һ㣬л˵
ҪҪʱ̶ôأ
̶Ҳķ˹Ȼŵһֻ֣ԽмǵߣУҲһŬ˹ȥ
пŲԣĵʱʲôҪɿҵֵζɻţȴϵذ˹ȥۿžȻָָ⡣
ʱʺϷôЩΣȻƻûΣʱҲֻҡҡ׹Ҳôɡ
̶û˵˱Ͼе룬뿪ԭأֻҲ޷׿۽ָֻ˴˹һָָ⡣
һɱĴָвһһɫĳУ̶Ǳ߹мߣȴûʵƤϣǻ˵Ĵࡣ
ɴôأʶ̶ֱ֣סָŲ㣬ϸϸĶʹ΢ʪ⣬˳ָ⡢ơֱۣһû֮ڡ
ʲô
ǶȴůĶ꣬ûһĿڴӲˡ
£ܻһΡ
ĿĴɣ̶Ҳɿָָָ֣ԼߣĶ
˵֮еλ
룬һ£һΣɶˣֱӳһѷ죬̶жκֲ޷󷨻ָ
ȥŲһ󷨱ֱӱ
ɽٵƣµѲֹŵʮ˵ȻţͣһĹɣʿɽ٣׽һǴӿʼһǿʱ׵ֻỺ䡣
ͷײ˿ƣֻѾµЩףռһ붼û
æּ̧һ޴Ĳڰſյػתţڵͷǡõסһס
ǲʽɫޣװһСοյģ綼סʱ̶ʶ˹ҪȴɫֱڽӽʱɢƵķɢһžը׵㣬˲ϡ
к̶վ·ȻǺֻϸϸһ֪ܾ쵽еľǿʢתٶ𽥼ӿ죬ķתˣ׵Ҳ𽥱ա
ķһͲǷƷ׽ٶסգ̶ҲԸоȣҪ˵ʲôͼ̧һóʽķÿһǼδϡ䱦
ǵ㲻ײϻȥ̶ջĿ⣬һǬȡֽɡ׿ɡ
շûãͷʹһ׽ٵĲ˲ѡ
ɡʱӦ׳һֵ
¶۵ı飬ü죬һ׾һҶ첻ˡ
̶˵ɵҪ
ǰҪ
̾ţʱĵͻȻһ˻Ƶֱڶһ˵
㣬Ҫɵ¡
˭
㲻ǸղŻô
Բۣ
͵صͷһָͷͰǿ￴ſԼµġ࡯һ𽥱仯һֻͷī̵۾ƺЩӷףѰ߲ͬϸһߴ紦޳ᣬгƵġ֮ϡ
ɫġСɫһۡ
ʱȻãǬ˵飬ᵽ̶
ΪӥĸΪΣΪޡ
δ̶¶Ϊ޵һ棬Ψдʱ¶һ˿ǰλȻ̶ӥµѪֱ˵̶ı𣬹жġ
ʱһ׽£ɡѷ죬١


86 
̶һͷ, 뽫, Ƽɵվ, ͷ·￴
һʱ䣬治֪ǸǸüǸʱɢеעҲ֪ſڱϸʲôأûԼĺ, ǧһʱˡ
̶˹ȥһб̹ȥ׹ɡƬɳȥδֱͣӽ§ڻС
ɡ٣۶ѵɡɢһأֱ紵, ̶æſһϣΧм, סЩܽɴ⬵Ķ
оһ亹, æ׳һǴ߾ħ, һŽɫķֽպħʹѪɫ, һ, , գۼͻɰǧ, ŲڿУӿơ
̶ǶЩ̶ȲߵɡһһյĴɡ
Ժ֮У߻˵ƺֱ͸崫ģֻйԼ
ղԼڹؼʱһƷ񣬻һ
ĵ֪
ҵһƷ񣬱һġ
һ㶣Խ§ԼˣĿȴֻһɫ棬顣
ԴԴϵǰѲɡɡ棬ԼƼԩ¶֮ɫɡıӻ¼п
ץס̶֣жλǰȥ
Ŀеߵ̾
Ҳܻȥ
ܵģ˵Щǲϣҡ
ףȻһһ壬ÿÿʱ磬޷۾̶ȴòӦԡ
УʲôܣΪԼǵĲͬ
ҶԼģ棬̶˵ڷָһЩһȥһգȥһҡ
У㣬ʲô˼Ҳס
˼ǣֻΪҵĸĸΪޣƣһ·ôʲôᷢ;ʧˣҾͻΪ̶
һ׵߶һ٣˹ӦԵʱ䣬ż
ӦöԴ˱˽⣬Ҷٷ硣
У
֪Լˣ
͵һֳ
˵˺ܶ࣬¶ˡҲߺ̶ɵԼԼ½ɵľ棬ֻԼõģԼǲ֪顢ȵʧȥԼһС
޷һ죬һˣһޣ̶塢ݡ·ϣΪǡΪӣΪ࣬һУ
Ϊоӣ§ͬðƵġٷ繫ӡٰüͬͬܣ֪ܣǱΪ
̶Ȼоһ˿ɱɻؿеˣɫÿ£۵ﶼ˺ɫİ⣬ħȻΪǱ׽ٸã§Щ
¡
£Ҫô
кݺݵ̶ֲôгҲߣƭԼ˵ʲôģǡ
ûߵѺ͸ܣ̶ǲǴ㳹ƭԼһΣˡ˻ˣԼԼôǰ˵˭
ֹͷϣȻЩƽʱǣԼҲƭ̶ףԼ˭
һϵķۿɼٶȼ١ţܿ죬̶άֲסµ״̬֮ɫۣʼ޶ȵؽ·Ǹޡ
УΪֻõϰڹΪ̶Ƿˡ
ֻǸЩΪķˣһ޼񵽵ӤһСΪһ
пϵƬԽԽ࣬߼ϣںϵһȥ̶ϵԽʢбԽطƽ
ƴһʧȥһУԭ»̶أЩ׺ݵ׽ˣʲôûˡ
ʣ֪ҵˡأ֪
߳Ĭˣһûٴ𻰡
֮ǰûرµģٲ̶Ļ飬̽Ҫˣ˻ǻɢ£̶
Ϊ̶ǲģеľѺʵͬ°Լδе֣ǲµ˵ģ°У̶Ȼ֮ӣܹܹԽһ谭ǱȽոµ׽ҲĽŲ
ͬеˡҶٷ̶ܱͲܵأ˭ܱ֤֮У̶һδ漣һδͻƼޣ֪ʱͻ˸ˣߣ̶
ţ˼ҲһȥΪҪ˵ЩԼʲôãҲûпڡ
Ͷ·ʱ򣬹ţԼĴ̶ۣͬʧȥһеˡɲҪ
һ׽֮ʱ͵س˳ȥ
ʮķһι״գߴһֻ޴ġˮĸĶͼĽ̽͸ĸǻ֮С
еƴҲһʱȣ׽ٺܳʱ䶼޷˵ˣڴӦԵĽ࣬ýľø⡣̶ɴ۾쳤Ķ̫̫״ͬ򢣬ſڣҪке֣ȴֻɳƵ
еڰգħըͿΧľȻѬڣ˲ήưܣһͱͷ˫죬ò˴۾ٴѪᣬһתšɢŵӡ
̶ϵǸӣǹ˴µ״Ʒ˵ҪҵԼĶӣͳȥܰĵߡ
ӱ׳̶ֱȥ
Բˣӣһǲ㡣֮󣬼ǵҽⷨ
ߣסˣҧջû˵ŮԼ׵¡ǽܻԼͷȥϣȥǲܻҲƽ׸һجģ硭ȵһУͶ̥á
ڿʱȻͣΪһʵ̶УѸ£Сô󣬵ڵء
һȻƬصϷһۣûٵ飬תܡ
ȫͷĽҲȫٶ׷һ׽ͻȻӿٶȣǲͼ㣬ԽسϮ󲻵紦ըѡ
ȻûֱϣҲ㹻ܵˣ󱳵ѪһƬģֳһƬƬⷭ˿ڣҪ߹Ƕ۶ϡвͣǷ˿ٶȣһֱֱͷ
ƵĸǷΧ̫ȴһͷȥȷ̶ȫûСϵ߷ϵ˿ߣԿµٶΪˣʱţߵҲʼ䵭
ֻ˾Ҳ̶ǧ̫µ˺Ļ׵ӣֻΪԼ׷
֪˶ãͷ׽תСǸϢѾˣ֧һֱӯħķѴ˵ʣһ׽ˣĵû˳Źȥ˼
ڹмҪʱ򣬱еĻͻȻ˳ȥ
ΨһƼˣɫţ־ҪȥᣬԼˣҲԼĶܴᣡ
СֻһСƣõ磬⼸̶ĲƷϳˣȻɵúܿ죬ýƣĹץסԽԽ棬һ׽ٵʱ飬ĩ
ˤûˣڵϣǰ˼֣ͼסЩҲ޷ԭķĩ
ģѩڻ谵ҹĽ֮£ΪҰΨһ⡣

Դһ׹ڱЩѾܶꡢܶ꣬ûʹʱйˡ
б۾ͨ첻۾ˣһıﱻٵĵ׵ľ׷ͣԹһаħĺȫڶ
ȻˡҲҪȫԼĻǣ
Ϊ׺ݵĹޣȥܰԵʱ
˵ûԡѪڵϣĺ¶һ˵״ſ֮ϣͷ­ֻܹХ
䡪
һ˸׼ȴٳû׽¡

кȻЦеļХأŤɲ·Ǵʮ˲˻սϢ
ǱŵˣεĺȻһ㶣û뵽˱Լеøңವһ£˹ڡ


87 
˾Ǹ˵Ĺ, , ûķꡣ
ͬ, Ҳϲʲô嶯³çĴΪӣûԹʲôΨһܹ, ϲ˺ԣΨһһδʧǺѻħƢáͣҲҪһѴģҪǺѻħק
һʧʲôʱţˣǸħҶආʱССʧһ, ȫ¶ΪԼ˸毺õ굱ĸ
˾ôҲû뵽һεʧ, ô, ǳĵǵŭδɢȥ, ϸġ
ƫƫǰģԼԼʧ, ⡣
ô, ĵõʱô, ҪȵСӲȵıԵ, ׼û˭Ű`ɱ±侲ħ
Ҫ֪඼ûܻĺ£ƾʲôͷۿŶҪ󹦸ˣСûȴԼ˵ӣ
ʲô˲ɵӣѵľ𣿣
˾µǰſڵװˣصɫˣѾҹֹС䣬ſ׳ĳ̶ȡ
ܲˬǲˬ˼㣬ҲֻܳйͷǹŪķѣʽаɳȥֱǽŪ׶úôˣ
꣬磬мڼ磬һСƬطǸڵʧȥʶΪģŰš˾һɺ۶ɵӰֺ󣬷ǵû˥ȥһ̬øˡ
ͺ³ɺ޵ͷͻȻٴ棬Ȼǻðɡ
˾µļУζɽ٣ӡҲǱԹ
ֻ£Ǵ־ڳسйߣȴǵΪСӰӾһţŭţܲŭ
Ҳֻ£̬ȶԴĽƵɸɳһ㹩Լй²飬ȴŲм
˵ʱԸЩƣеɢȥ硣
˾³ĳһֱۣ̫ſڵϵĹһţι
ûʵŵģ϶ûֱ˻ˮֻԼ˱̿ＹȲ˵ʹʹƤֻſĵϡ
е
ɴٳ״̬װף˾ѾˣҲˣӻָѵ˼ǰܾ˵
˾¼ûӦҲ˻ǼٵˣȽ˴˵
ѣȻһɴקһ첲ǰм
˾ֻͷۣţеѪȣһ·Ѫ̫ÿǰģǹԼһǸɴŲһĶ뿪档
ˣһֻקŹеĸ첲ҲɡվñֱҡڡֻǻûɳȥԶ˾ºȻԼһʱŭ⹥ģʲôҪĶ
Ȼһ̣һᣬ漴ǽ´ͨһ
ˡ
˾ɫӵؿеĶֵ֫ͷˤòӵˣ
Ǳ׽˼¶ѣӾͱô첲ܱקҪ֪ǼȣҲҪüСʱһ͵
еļѴӿѪˣǿ̧Ƥһۣ˿Ѫٴλʹȥ
ĳ׻ˣһ֡
˾¿΢΢üЩ鷳ˣһɣǶ֫ȥ˳㻹һӲ˲֡
˼һ˲ص棬ڹ࣬ʳָĴʶһԼʶӡǣʳָ̧һͷ˿˿
лţڶԷϵʱǿȡʶӡǣźýЩ
ϻ࣬ڶԷҲһЩ֮ģֻǺܿ죬˾¾ͷѾ˶ˡ
ͷմȾѪ۵ͷϸ۵ĲһѰʱ޵ġ̥ǡ¶λá״˼
˾Цһ£ûȥҶӡ£Ϳп޵ġ֣ǻᾪӡǵˡ
ûʲôηˣǺѻħҲֻ൱Ķ֣η壬͵鷳飬¡
֮˾δֱ뿪̧֣Ժ۳һϸļʸץС
оǰ꣬жӲڱһֱûǻĹάģ
һʺϱȥޣͽܡ
Ҫ̳һʱһȻӹ˳ļʸϸֳٶȼ졣
˾·Ӧſڣ˳żʸϣҧ֮ǰ͵һ˦֣ʸӰһͬ˳ȥ
δأ㵯ɶವһֱжȥƺǾ˾Цָһصļʸ֮ߴ紦һжڵϡ

һУ˾µسűסܶӰȥ˼ʸһͷǰ
һ񣬾Ȼ͵Ϯĵ²󣬵ΪС
˾½߸߾ſ죬ƵĴβʼһЩģ˵Ӱ̽Ҳ¡
ƺζۣܣ鶼滺࣬¶Ц⡣
İʦˡ
˾µͷǸ˿ˣԼһԣһӣȴѾֱģżġ첲ͣƬ̱ջأԶ
ξȷŹǡ
԰գʱǰ㣬ֻһɭȻĺȻȥ
һӰԶͣ˹֮࣬ϣһλ帲ںƬޡ
ԭӦߵĶѾȫ֮ϣ·һƬ·Ụ̫̋ſ˵˼ΣŹѪģ࣬ɳƵһ֡
١硭
ܵ͡ģſʱ¶Ҳеͫīɫǿȸʯ
ҲǸϸƬצʺУҲ˵һĶ

ĺģۡԺ֮У˴˽̸
գջ֣ͷȥǳĳһЭˡ
ડ
ˮڶ𣬹еƤƺӦʲôȴƴȫҲ޷۾
ડ
һΡΡΡ
ţһоƬ̣વˮͻȻ󣬻ϸ
̣Ҳܱ䣬ǱˢȫȴۣҲ˾Ϣ
һΣĳ˯һ𣬺೤
һԣߵ޴`ϢţצסĿڣһЩƬӣ˿ڳױΪۡ
һûôαֵز
ҡҡͷһ󣬽ǰ˱Żȥ·һȥ
ƺػࡣ
Ҳ²£һǲǣԶ㣬ҵġ



88 
ʱ, Լ˶ƮƮůġ
һӦ, ˰ɣѵԼĻԺСƮˣҪǱ紵̫Զ·˿զ
֮ǰ, ǵüë£֮˵УͳһСı顣
ճѡۺ, Ĳ˻
ԭƮȥˣˮء
һӷǺĳˮԲ⣬գգۣе졣
ˣ
ܵһˮͳ
еͷ˿һ, ŷԼʲôˮеʯͷϣǸˮƵ, һֱĳӵϡ
Ϊǿ, һֱֱ۷ţȵƮˮ, ûȥҲûƮһʬģ
Ťͷȥ̫, , ְԴһ, ״˵ľѴ, ۾ȥƣȷˣԼˮˣ̶˾¡
ĵطҲεƶˮǱˮ̶ֳԣںڰҲɢŵӫ⡣
ԴеԼ˵̶ڣҪ꣬ǰˡ
ص㡭
ҡԥһ£֪ĵһ䣬˵ʲôźãѯ̶Լ˶ãԼ˶ãǣȵǸٵл
ӦȷſԼˣȻ˾ԼƮͲ
˾ͺá
̶˶ִ£ֱֻ۽˻סֱøˡ
ˮ֮£˶ֻһ£һ㣬ʱôһ§ǰ󱳵ģ̵ֱڹеĺ󱳣ů͵Ȫ
ԣǵ̶ˮģôᡭ
оԼ˯Ժˣӱٶۣһֻ֣ס̶ֱۣ˷
úõ֮ӣȻ§Լˮֱ˹ȣΪ˸Լȡů
ʲô
š˷ѡ
̶ͷ°͵ϣеʪģ˵Ų˷ѣɢȴûתƻϻô
ۣ
һ£Լ֮ԻᱻˮΪ֮ǰڶɽ٣ɽٵʱ˶⽹ۣСĵһ첲
ǣۣǲۣе
ʵҡҡͷԼյӣҸ첲أ
̶Ĭһ£ȻøˣһҪͷӣֹ
˵ûУֱ˰ɣ𽥻ָ˾񣬡ǿֵǮģ˲٣Ĳϻǿ޲޲á
ȣ̶ճһָֻ֣ڹеĴϣ˵ġĸ첲Ҷֻڿ̫ã̫񡭡
̫˵֣вˣҲ⣬ǾͶ˰Ͳ֣źģȻҪԭ
ж˶ˮתҪȥûȴоһֱק˻ȥײ̶
ʲô
̶֪
˵ش𣬾˵֪ˡ
ţСƢˡ
֣ת˵Ҳˣܣҳȥòã
á̶һ˫ۣûʲô飬Ҳûߣܿó鲢ãܣҰΡ
мײеʱὣҪˣҲ̶ºеʱôҲǲЦţǼߡΪ߸ϡֺأȴδǰģ
ףҲ˵ƢȴƫƫϷ·ί
ڹԼȥ
̧֣СƵͷȻչȥһӵſҲãˡ㿴ֶûҲûúñ㣬Ǹл㣬ҳȥѶ֫ңòã
̶촽˶ɫͫīһգգƺЩпֻñеš
ﲻã̶üܲĻûвá
У
ô˵ĶԻѶԽԽأ
̶׽֣߬ﲻˮ㣬ãҪȥȥۡ
һ£ӦԼѾˡ
Ȼ֪˶ã̶ֱξһȷʵˣµƤˣҲˣ̫ãָҲûкۼ̺۶ټ
ۣﲻ
̶ʣò𰸲ϰݡ
ǡҲеϸܡ˼һ£
ԣӦþġǸպõ˿ڣʼһȷˮоԣ뿪ˮĻͻúܶࡣ
̶ְ̧ԴǱԼ˳ֶˣðѸ첲̧߲һһߺ壬ŵ㣬£һЩָÿ졣
ǡǡǻ
ʱ򻹺ãȫ˯һ֪ûôеľʱţֹͷ졢Ѫĸо𽥱Խùжסˡ
ҡġӣӣɿң˻ﶯȥֲҲӲٰܲԼŪˣΨһӵ۵Ķֲ֫ӣһֿʼʧѪˣ
ܣͷҳȥɣȥ͸͸ٻ
Щˣ̶Сҵóȥ뿪⡣
ߡ̶ֱһգ˱øЩܳȥģһ̣ܵҧҡҡ

̶ؿƾܣֻòĿ棬úȣԡⲻԣô¡̶ſң
Ǹߡ̶һ§һϣ˿ڻͷķ˿ɤ͸ЩԵҲģβˡ
̶ܳ㡭бβ̬ȸһ仰˵ȫҲ۵÷ᷢ
û취մԵקʼһ̶ˮͣһͻۻж磬Ѿ漣ˡǡñ̶ץ׼һ㣬ٵˣˣСƢʧȥܾȻ
ȵзӦ̫Ծһˮܣƿ⡮ȪʱõѾ˴룬ˡ
ֻʣ˱ţʵķݡ
㵽סʲôֻñֻΪõ𽥻ָĻĸоǿң޷͡
̶ˮģϾľѡܹҲܹħġħֻӦˡ
̶§еƣҸ㣬ܱ֤پܾô
ܣʱ򣬾ȻƵģˣܡַ굽˼㣬ֱһҧ̶ļϣرȺڹ껹ֱӾҧѪ
̶һḧͷۣһҲûôҧ
£ŹӾͺˡ
ûӦ̶ܾ̾˿ǽ˵ˣҷʱѾûˣ췦òҩԣͽ޵ͷѪһǡ


89 

뵽, ϵĲʶˣͷȥ̶죬ʪָ, ͳȥ, Ŀλø

ֻԼ뵽, ԼôܣԼΪ̶Ķ, Լʱ, ˵ĻǸ˻, ϢȾˣ, ƵĿ׸, ûһᶨ

, ǡִߵѪ

۾Ѿ࣬ǰϹ, ȴȻϸڿ, ԼɱˡǿϸС˿ڣֻôȷϣһʱż, һˮƶˣʲôܡ

˼ܣҲ̶˵

Ҷ̶ڳһֻ֣߬סĪȥֻ, ΢΢ü̲˿ҧҡ

ҧ˿, ô¡

лûȷĿûˣͱ׽, ǳۿ΢죬һԲص̶нϾ

Ȼ˳Щû̶ϰȥҲǸոնɽٹΪٵʿбϲ޴йأɴһ԰ϣһʱ䣬е㲻öԸ

̶ֻϼЩŲڱҶ۵ؿУҶԣ˺𣿡

ȻһԲ촽ˣһ۸Ҹģ߬ţҲ֪ΪҧϾΪ̫ܣԽ۾Ҳɡ

Ǳ߬ţȴоۣ˵Ǳҧһ㣬ۣҲ͵кù̶־ʵܴ֪ԼĳսİƤϣŪƤ졢΢΢е۵ʩϡ

Ȼ΢زһ磽ⲻʵĿС

Ӱʮ֣ãһʮֲõ룬ˣѪŻĺù

ЩǷʲô·ܵؼķȡ

Ƿɶ⣬ʱ᱾ܵԴϵĸоͬɳĮеһˮԴܽʣȴʧȥǡ

ι

ȻȻڵĴֻķˣͼ뿪̶ˮϰǰˣ֫֫壬ˡ

̶һ˲ָܿʼӦ

򡢲ȻйƵҧţҲʹץţϵӡӣġҶ֡ûٱֹ

Щ𣿡

Ѫ̶ʵϾ涨ԼʱҲһȲӦĸо

ϾһʿԭװͬΪԼһЩӦʹųķӦȴûϵǰֻۣ·ʲôƶԱ־ѡ

ץ֣קšŷ΢΢üС쵰

̶̫֣Ķģ˵磽ʹˣʩµ͸С

ʲôյȥԼûĵͳ΢΢Ķ⣬ʲô

㣬˿ʱлֳżһ߬Ų֪˭·һǣˣ̶ûԷ𣿣

ǰһ̷գȵģͻȻôһ˲ͻЩķɫĭ

̶۵׵ûɢЦһţһֱء

Уʲôôûл

֪ģͻȻôһ£˹һҺסģ̶ﷴ࣬Ŷԣ

ǵûвᣬƽ⣬ðƢвʹ죬źá

ôĵңǲ˵ǵĹϵϤ׽ˡ

á

ǹбƼ̶УŵĻҡȻԥ˲ʧˣǹңΪȵľʣҲ˲١

̲סĻ̶յȥ߷ŵ޺ںƭҿ԰㡣

ô

ûȵпѯʣϵжش

ǲ·ͽˮð͸ˣǿǿܹߣ˲̫Σʱÿˣ׳˶Ķ

û˻ϲѥɦ

ӭģεϸС޹ؽҪƤȡĥʹǡ˷

ȲΧҲǵûиοùѪһڣϸЩ

̫ˡǹġ

̧ۣʱﷺź죬ڷŭΪ̬̫ǱûκвУǿ⣬Ҫ˵ģһ۵ɹȥҧҲáҲãˮͺմȾϱζ

̶Ҳ˿ûʶԼж¶ǡôðһκ̰ţȴװУӸպã˵㣬١ŵ㡣

бǻһȻоʲô۾΢΢ɫȻͱˣˮ£Ƶһѡ

ӵ̵úܣսĵŭӵرͲ˺ִּɣʱȴ˺áĥˣʱȴҧгݵ˶˽ģװʲô˾ӣ

ħڷţϢȣƢҲ⣬Ҳ桢ڲ٣̶ɫˣװ򶨹ѡȻԸп⣬Ц

Ȼ̶ͼοΪ磽ʹĶҲȻ˼֡

еĽëմˮйһ˲Ĵ̼͵ͺһ֮ǰЩǲתȥץ̶֣

̶һԲֱӽˮб𣬷˸תѹ˰ߵʯϣǡ

Щʯȵģ̶º濾ãˮҹҹ󣬳ƵĹ⻬ϸ塣бѹ棬ֻؿ̽ˮ棬챻ţЩĻᶼץס

Ը̶Ķȷհǰ˺ƽǵŭ±ʧ࣬ЩźֹӲ֪˽Ѿò

һȦȦ̶׵ﶼһƬŷ˱ס̧̧

бͷЩʱڻ߳˰ͷ÷۸

µǽʣµһ㣬ҲֻԭǴ̶˶ģץͲ½лȾָ¶Լº֣йƶ°ˡħƤգһ¾ܰ쵽ΪͱһֱԼûʲôɹǵġ

ɵͷһ˲䣬̶ߣͷֺݺݵһ£ȻһΣƺﲻԡ

ԾͷһʼΪķչ̫ԤϣŻòԡţһѾҪ̶֮ˣôȣ

ǣѾжȴûԼΪλˣΪξ˺ˡ

ϵĸоֱˡ

㡭

ʶЩʲôʱ򷴻ڣе

̶չȥҲڱ𴦿ʼݺ۸ˡ²ˣǵʱ򷴶ܶº͡ƭˣ£һͿƲסԼ

вȥˮµ£ֿʼһȡһˣ˳Ƶĳˢϯ͡ȣȴͷֲ̫һˣȻڼϡڼɡƫƫЩĿ

ԭԭĳЩĥҲһҪԼŪñˣʹġ

㱵ЩʧŻ󿪣һ˿ҲûӰ̶ҡռȵ

ΪӪȲʤȯĽ죬ŹԼǿʵһû£һȵϸϸ˵л˳Կͷˣåžӵķȡ

̶ΪģԺĲһһͷһùˣʧȥڶΡεĻᡣ

šӡ

ʱ򣬹лǲЩ֣Ҫľõɧ̶һ߹ǣһ߲ȥЩ˵黰

ȴǱҧס⡢˸ӡһ

㡭ÿʱ򡭡죬ʱ򡭡㡭㻹ѽ
 
лҪ˵
һˡ
̶ԾãӼűͿǻ֮֮Ȼڹġ
־ã˲Ѫֻòܹ˵ʶҪŬ֤ԼУоˣĨһ
ƭӡ
ǲ۸ƭ˵ڿƲסԼⶼпƲסˡǵʧأҪԼ
һƬһڽҧסˣԽҧ̶Խ飬ֱƣҧ˵ûˣعװģŽŹ



ˡ:D
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˳˵һֿ˸Ԥ2333ڽӵ֮дר~xլ[]ݶ~һլΪ̫լѺڻƳ`޹ɳ¡
ԭԶ̫

90 
һҹơ
ٴʱ, ѾǱˮ, ϸ, ǱϸϹǰҴܵħһƽϢˣץĸоҲʧ١
ᡢ顣
оȻز棬˹Ϸȡ
Ŭź, װ˯뱻Ѿˣɴӱʵ۾ܸоԼıϱǵʵʵŸºܸߵˣֱ۽ʵʵ, á
Ŭȥȷ̶˯Ż, ˵, ˭ҲɣӦôѲŶԡϾԼ, Ҳе˯Ƥе
ͷճһ͸оŵ˵仯, β׵Ǹиʲô˹
ܳ
װȥ, Ȼ˫Բ, һ˹ȥ
̶§, ûһ´޹˵ɤﾻǸ˯ѵĵƣôˣ
˸̨£˵βҶ
룬ôˣΪɶԼûװѣ˶ת泯̶
һɫ̧־ȥ̶ӣֱ׽סˡ
̧ͷ̶ɫе죬ң
ɿƳ䵭ҪôɿҪôԼ˵޵ͷѪĶģ
ֱ˻һϵλ⣬ùио࣬ǿкѾһĹϵ̶¶һСƬſ
Ҹǡ̶Σ֣߬ҡ
еԾƺס
̶ɿһЦȡҾ͸ģŹҡ
⻹ࡣ
ʱȻһⱻѡⴲǴǬʱŲģΧ߻谵ʪ󣬵·ǲһ˿
ǹװɵⲻ£̶ƣٳͬ齶ֶţҲǢ̸
̶Ŀðˣ泯вţҵȷûƭ㣬޵ͷѪûȻеûȻûġûѪԽ衣
裿
е۾ץסؼ֡ʱָֻһЩڽʱѾ̶ܿݣɫ볣죬ɵġ
Һ֮Ĺϵ΢е㸴ӡ˵Ҵܹ޵Ҳܽɳ
֪˰ĵ㻹û˵ȫܽܡ衯һУ㵹ĸԸ
̶û˵ԣڱҪʱҽԽ࣬ͻᱻʱԽ֫壬ʱңͻأƷˡǡͷѪʱõġ
Ȼ
һӿ⣬ʱֻҲµģʱû뵽ġʲô޵ͷѪǴ̵̶ͷѪ
ӿʱδηӦͻȻһȣֱק˻
зԴԼɽٺ̶ͱúϲԼ̧ͷŬԼԷţô˿ڲ۵ɵɵ
Ҳ뷢ƢҲ֪ģһȴôƽ
ţһѾɵˡ
۵ģң˿ûд󰭡̶Цһʲôʵģ
ȻСţУҶȥˡ
ǡЩ⣬ʵеݡ
ͺʣΪʲôԼԺһҪˮǹһ飬о̲סԺֳ߱ĸ̶֣Ҳô
ٱ磬
İɡ
һһ࣬лŵȻʱ򡭡ǲǻ˱˵֣
ͻȻô˵Ҫûһװ붺ŪԷһԴ̶Ĳ˼˳̽̽
Ͼﻹее㲻̶ΪԼزˣֲִܶˣǰɫƢ
ʱ򣬾ûзʲôͲǵˣƬϵñʱءáڴϺˡͷֻΪ뵽½ɣ뵽̶µʱǷеŲİˡ
ôһʣ̶ɫʱһ·ı˵һ㣬仯÷ǳԡ
թģҲ̫թ˰ɣ
ֻǣԵĲȻ֮󣬹ȴû飬ͽţ
ʲô
һüҲųԺﰵ˼ܳһ˵˵ˣ㻹ҵʱ˱ˣ
ûѹȥĻһ´
ʱĶȥȥ룬̶˱ˣҲԼԴ׳ԵԼϣʵֵ̫
ʲô̶ξòҪҪڵٷȷԼˣ½ɣ
͵һס̶ӣ·ֹܵһ㣬šüʣô˵ˣ
̶ֹƺеΪѣ˵
ϻͰ˵ɣ
ģǣˮʱ׶ˡ̶ЩŽ˱׵ĳ嶯ٽǵЦѹȥźÿ˵˻
ûнб˵̶֣˵ֽŻӡСָ΢΢ӲŹеʱҲһգգģҵȷ˱֡Ҳ֣㲻㣬ҾͲС
Уʲô˼
̶ֳĬˣƺھᣬ˼ȷԼ׸ò˵˵٣ǹһֱװɵȥЩôͻһֱװɵˡ
ٷ硭̶ڹִ֣ӿ¶ʱҲøЩ㡭㲻Ҷٷˣôͷ棬װѹȥ£Ըһֱ֧㣬ݣҲκˡ
Ϣе
ֻԴһգ˵Ļ˵Ļ˲ˡ
ʲô˼̶ô˵ʲô˼
ͿԼġҶٷ硯ͬʱֹʱǰ׹ǣ½Ҷٷ磬£̶ȻܽԼҶٷ硯
һֱ
µףҵ̶ʼ飬ڹԺһһͼҵһЩϸ΢ĩڵĺۼŪԼôɡҶٷ硯ġ٣µ׵ʱ̶Ӧûûֵġ
ܵģ㹻СˣùǬѾ⻻˲ͬʽ漰ݵȫСĲšҪ˵̸ֹķ񡭡Ҳϲûʲôرĵط
ˣڶɽʱȷе߷ҲһԼݡô˵̶Ȼ϶ԼҶٷ磬ǹˡ
Ҫ
дۣĬƬ̣е
ڳϵĻ̶Ĺϵͳ˳ˮۣã
ǡЦˡġҶٷ硯ɻأ
ڳˣԺ̶½ˣָΣԼ񲻳˽ɵСˣΪͼһʱ䣬ƭˣҪ͵˵ĸ飿
ϡϵĻԼʲô
пЦһؿһƣ뵽֮£Ǻɬ˵
㡭𣿡ɫԾ̶ˣС֣뽫˱סḧͷ
ž
ҪʾáοֱĿˣ̧ʱеﾡǰħӿд̶ĥ͸Ҳĳʹ
ӣϴˡ
̶û£ûϵ˾ʹˡͷϳϲٷ磬ʵȴֻڲˣǸݣŹмװɵȥ
䣬ݣȻҲ˼
ðɣȻˣǲ罫ƾͼơ


91 

Ȼת˲, ֽ׽㻺ˮףۼ, Ȼһƽ޲, ̧Լ, Ṵס̶Ĳӣ̧ͷ˹ȥ, Ƿꡣ

ֻôѵˮһ, ̶, ͣĽͻŵϡ

Ц, Цݼ֮ɫ, Ŀ, βˮ⣬ԽЦ, Խ޷͸

, ԺֱӺٷ磬Ҳ⡣

̶ҲЦˣ̲סŵͷ, 



գۣϸϸ̶Ҫ, ܵøңΪʲô

̶һ, ȻΪ

ΪҾҶٷ磿ЦЦ˵, ݣǴʲôʱΪζ϶ģ

Ȼڿջ

̶ţȴе㲻˵Ϊ͵˵Ĳʧȥʶʱ¡ʵڲšåݡ

һ㶣԰

å¶ˣڳ͵֮£Ӧõʱɣ

ƣٴ˹еļ֣̌࣬ķ˿ḡΪ

ڹδӦʱָһöۺɫġ̥ǡǶһ˿ӡǱ˲̼Ԫһ󼤵

˻㡭лһ͵ؿ۽̶ָ߬ķ˿˲ûɢҲ˵ˡ

ֻ˼Ϣʱ䣬̶ڲ̣ŹʱѾϢȣƤ϶һ󱡺죬ʶиǶһϤĸо

ǡ

עⲻʱ¹һöӡǣǴѧ츳ܽӡӡ˵ϣɢ̶СţҵʱΪԼˣΪ㶨ҲˡҲ㣬ӡǣȥͶ̥ˣҲһϳ

δǹڼҵĸлһԲüΪ`С

Ǹ㡢ڿջ֮ʱ͵͵º㣬ʧȥʶҲȷˡƼӣ̶򴽣־Լǲ̫ˡ

ϾϵӡʲôģǱһж̵Ķڵʶϵκκۼ޷֮Ტۡ

еͷһ̣˲ϵ̥ǹȻһ㣬͸øһʼͰѲӲţ˿

µǣȷǸӡʱһйڴ˵ȴʱ˵شӹԺð˳

˽̶ܳȣ˵˵زɴ`֮벻ӣΪ֮˲ܴ

ô̽˵ڵʶ൱ڰ˰`ڽҪоȫһģһĻо˵Щطӡǡ൱ڰȥױ滵ⶼǱ˵Ķ

ֵ̽꣬ӡǣӡǻҪһѶԷǾ͸൱ڸһxҩֽŲӶӲұȲʱصֻҪӡǵ˴Ҫ״̬ҩЧ㲻ʱҲʱʱ̲̿ʱʧġֻˣ±ҲôЩxҩͶ̥

ԣô֣ôɥĲôɺԭԡ

ȻһҲֻ˽ܡ߳ܺΣճ̶ȶԵı֮УоԼؼҲҲڶôݵˡ

񣬱̶ôһӡǱѣʵʵᵽΪʲôĶ

ҧأûԼڷŵ걻ֱӽӴǺ޷£ǴӳʹδҲȴƫƫĸй͵̼֮ܵһĸй٣ȴƫƫܴϵȫ֪ۡǡ

ȫ޷ݣ֡

ƺǿ̫û˵̶ûסͷĶͷ̽Żһٷ磿

̧ͷ۾ʪġ

õ

̶е᲻á

𣿡

ڻʱ򣬡̶ţһõˣˣֻһһݣҿɸǺã㻹̫ղһܲˣǳȥֻ»

˵˾Ͳײضһ¡

߷ߣƲ죬֪ӡǵʱ򣬾һڡҶٷ硯ϣʲô˵ϣ

̶ЦãôڼϣµӡǣȻ־壬һˣֻ˰ٷ硣

ɡ뷴ȻʶʱġСֻһأȻᱻ̶дҧºۼ˵˵ͨ

һ˼۾Բģ㵱ҾҶٷ磿Ժʲô£ʲô֤ݡҪ֤ҲǣҲֻǣ

̶գ󣬵ͷȻҲϣ˷Ҷٷɣ

û˵ڵǣӡǣ͵ǻ֮еݣƼҶٷףƼʱСٷ磬ɵҲ鵽֮ҪѪײȻѾ֤޿ɡ

˵ţţзŻɵˣȻЦ˿

ûвŰûвһӻˮҲûװɵװװԣֻƼյ峺Цݡ̶ֻҪ紵ϣɹͷԣԼҲűƮƮůˡ

Ҷٷ绹˵ʲôҪſڣͱϾ;ʢ˶˻ȥ

ã̶䣬Ƶ˵ٷ磬ûЦˣɽҺõȡ

Ҷٷ类º濾ûȣҪЦ󱳣е£ϻǺܰЦģҪȡ

̶ҡҡͷ˵ôһأ໰¶˵̫飬̫˲˼

ǡίȽϺá

ЩԵЦ

̶ſˣȥüë۾åº󣬱޼ɵˣ仰׼ٷˡ

Ҷٷ۽޲˲ֻñ׹ĵط˵뵽Ȼ̶̫ߣ̫㡣

ԵĿ𡭡

ʶԼǣһ˲

šȷǺȻܿĵģͻȻ֮УĻ꣬㡣

ԭΪԼⱲӶҶٷˡ

ԭΪӴˣֶֻԼĳУӴˣԼֻ¹Щ͵͵תƵĲƲʲôߡ

Ҷٷݣ;ģɣѣңԼԵ֡ƴȫٵһУǺһжҪߣԼʲôߣԼעҪһһˡ

Ż۸̶ҲΪ˵ΪԽߡ½Ҫ̶

̶Ҳ˺ˣհǰ˺Ҫ˺ԼԼֲݾ˵ҪԼĵͳȥٽ˻£Ҫ׷¾ΣĨȥһϵװѡ

ʵ׼ҲԵİ

Ҷٷ紹ۣգգŰȵĸоѹȥԷʧ̬

ҲԵ׼̲סߣҸٲˡˣַһҹƺ󣬡Сûǵֻǡٷ硯ζӳ£ţġٷ硯վǰˣԼô֤أ

׵һﶼûˣֻʹһΣҵ֤Լٷ簡û취ˡòױϲϣҪˡ

˰ǰܵóװ½ɳΣһ㶼ʹ˰

Ҷٷ̣ǿѹһһΣڻǺۿ

ã͵͵ˣˣ͵͵ˣ̶Ǹˡ

ΪڵԼҪΪȥǸԼʲôӣҵĿڣ˴Ĵ㡭

ɤӣŬԼڴŹصıϵıЦ

һΪҲµء

һΪӲ

ԭΪЩǬĶԭҵһУȫˡ

ǸҲǸˡҶٷ۾һˮЦݣ󲻺˼صͷɾ
 
лҪ˵
˾Ҳߣ㣬ҲԼҡ̫ɵˡ
ţ㣬һֱһֱң̶óӣ˿û߰ģãܶԶң廹ˣʶӡǶĨȥˣװģҲҪҵģԱˣһޣ۸ˡ
Ҷٷһ£ͷȷϵһ˺ܾĶһƲ죬ŵصˣ㡢㡭ʱ㻹㡭ޣ
̶죬ЦЦӲȲţڡ



ΪϲԽouo~
ٷ飬⼸£ǹɽ2333

92 
Ҷٷ, ٷܿĺܸж, ̶ҲܸҶ, ŵӴӷҡ󣬿ڴϺˣƺܹ
ҶٷǳԲ۾, ֱ·ˣҲϴһ飬ںߺ̶Ľͨ˻ˡߡš֮ĲͬĺǿұԼĲͿ顣
Ȼɽ̶ˣŽӸ첲
, ڳһһ̸ɫʳ֮ҶٷڲֱŤ, ˵˻ˡ
ԭĸ첲, ȥһ¡
̶֣žú棬ǸѾӵĶ֫, 滹ã
ǵȻҶٷţù첲, ˸ط, Ͷſʼٿ, ڽװĢС
̶չȥ, Щҿֱ۶ѵĵطһۣҰɡ
ҶٷͰڿĹһԵʯ죬һС첲ջһѴ첲ߺߺߡ
̶һ飬һǸ棬е棬Цãļٵģֳ첲
һۿȥöˣҹ˯˶ҵưɡ
ȻƭġҶٷϣԣʺѣҲҪֻǽеֺɡ
ţ̧ڿбȻ˼£۳һССľµĵط
ȵæˣ̶ҲɽǰȥҸʳﲹƷ˳ҪһҶٷվһʱ̶ǻزģߵڵƬֻ̣صǴ䣬ʼҪȥĶ֫ڳ
һڣһ߽ʱʱעŶڣ̶һ۷ôôա
ûãЩơȴ˿ûиñʵĶ֫ȡȻֲΪԭϡƴװϳż֫ӣ˿Ѫģϵһ֡Ҷٷֿ˿ڣŶ֫һԵ̶ˮпʼϴˮ
ǸЩɱܲһǶ֫ܿˮֱ֣ˮ
ڹڶεѾҶٷָԭ״óֱ״ġָܲ俪ʼһҧȥ
ͦ࣬ζզأһ㶼
ûڣҶٷһֽذѡַܲŽˮˮףϵˮɾվ
̶δ̫Щ
Ҷٷվŵ˻ûˣҵûˣǲԼˣ̫Ųɹ
תһ̶ˮ
ˮһģӰ֪ʱ֣Ҷٷһź˼Щг㡭
ӰһƬˮеĵӰغϣ沨ƮţʱʵˮлվĿģϵŨȴϤġ
˾£
ԣ˾ôǹûֲ־ֻҲǷݵĶȥġ
Ҷٷüضִһ˿⣬˾˵ΣĪ⣬ҲǧһʱԼ׽ٵˣʱͻȻĪΪͽһ£
Ȥһղֶ˾µ͵ЦһƺԼĺ⣬ʳԼĶ֫ʲôãֱȥǵġ͵ˡǣĴ󲹣Ϊн档
Ҷٷû˵˾µ鲻޵ȷͬʳЧʣͬʳ֫ԵЩֲƷһֱӳԵ˶ġߵġʵЩ
缸ǰħˮݵʱҲħ޿ͬУ˽𵤡ԪӤʳͬΪ߽ݾܵɱ̫أʧֱ̫ӱ
ݣ˷ǹ˱˵ġȷҲ㲻ɱẦ͵Ʊ
Ҷٷ̧ۿеǲʧϾˣҴ򲻹
һ˵ùȥĽڡ
Ȼûô޿ˡ뵽ߣе²ȥ֣²ȥ֡˵òӵвֹһߣ͵ܲˣеȥ
ǰҹҪʬجεģˡ
ԼںجΣӦҲÿ±ˡҶٷţǿʳԼĶ֫Ҳ̶ƼҪ͵Ҫǡˡ̶֪ˣԼҪ
ڱǿ׵ʱ򱻿
˾³ĬƬ̣еӰ̬򲻹͵ôС¶ѳɴ
䣬ƺǲˡ
ļƻǰ˱ڶɽʱ㳹ħʧȥǣӦΪħĹ׺ݲбֶΣһ㣬б뾡취ʳǵġΪһǧرǲֹס
ƫƫһţҲ֪ĸˣͷһǣʼװ͵ˡ
Ҷٷ粻֪̣ĥŻʲôڣΪѵɣɹˣΪҲᱩǣʱҪ׽һأֲˡ
Ϣ
˾ﰵĵǲǿˣֻøĿڣҪɽ٣
롣
롣ҶٷոϲӦˣһͻȻ˽ŭش˶˵̸
ࣿͷ־飬ޡ࣬ôˡ
ɽվһӰϴһϤߣ֪ͷˣΪԵǹ£Ѿʼֳۣʱ׼
˾¼֣ҲǺ㻹û
ЦӰ͵ȥˤˮС
ˮҲˮֱӵҶٷˮеĵӰɫȥһϢҲû¡
ҶٷҲһ㶣ղŶ׼ĿһԼĴսˣô˾·ڹؼʱͻȻˣ
ɵҲһֻˡ
ô
ȱŹ˹ϵ𽥵ȥУ¶̶ź׵ϸһŸӣװ˸ֵּǵֲ
Ҫɽ٣ȥңȴҪ

֮ǰɽٵʱҪңҲΪȥ

ڶ˼±ϣЩ˵˾׽ʱͿˣ
ʲʲôϲϵģ˵Ҷٷͷ󺹣һЩʧȥƽˮ̶һ§סˣ֡
˵ʲô̶ɫȻ⣬ͲֱӷˣΪΪûôãһ粻µˣҸɿ
侲侲۳̶ˣħҪԾҶٷæͷģ
ǸôܺȣӲеµһڲǵһԺҲǣʲôʮ߶Ϊ°ܽҲûоףճǸ糬Σյģؼû㳤˧
̶ĮƥĹͷˣһ䣬Ϲİɡ
ûаҶٷᣬһ䶼д㵽ûŰ˵İһֱõģ˵Ϊ˴Ϊ֮ǰץܻ˵ϹܺŪǰҪ֪ҾҶٷ϶Ҫһҵġ㲻Ҳǲ㣬ǾΪ˺ֵܲղҲֻǡֻǡ
ֻǴ˾µϾǸ޲кľ顣
ȵȣ̶һץסص㣬۾Σյʵղ˵㱻ץȥ
ǸҶٷ֣ЩҪҪҳģ
תƻ⣬Ժ޲ݸ촵Ѿ̶˿Ϊţȴܸ࣬ǺʱεءΪץģЩʲô˵һŪҡ߲ʵģҾһ£ĶҶ
Ϊʲôô
Ҷٷ类ҭסͻȻĺ޳ܣתһᣬȥˣô˵ģʱײˣɱҡ
ϣһͷ̶סֻ¶𴲺ûüϴеë׵Դʼ̹״ӿ
ǣװɣǺƤˣåô˭˭ڳͷ


93 
ᵽ˾µ, ͲҪᵽ͵͵Ǳ߾ħĳµļƻ, ᵽ, ֲҪᵽıڣħֵ£Ҫǣ͵͵ֽţԼǸͷ˾ҪץԼ¡
ҶٷѾС, ŲҪٱڳԼ£ǰ̶ܸ˼ܣ˰γܲһһ˳ѻħȹһε¶
׼ȷ˵ǰܸԼͷɣֻǱ࿴˼ۡ෴˼, ̲ס顢Σܵز̫, ҲøĻԽ
Ҳغ۸ˡ
Ȼ, Ȼһ̹׳ƶﲻСıµĿɺۼ, ΪڳԼѧյĿ֮࡭Ҷٷ绹һеԴͷĴڸ
, Ͼ̫ͬѰ, , ʱ, ٲά裬ǸӡҶٷûţҲҿ϶̶֪顢󣬻᲻ҲܵӰ졣
ڵõ°֮ǰڵڶμѻħһ֮ǰðա
˵ףеҪһеģԹԵģҲֻԼѡ̶ǡǡһηƱãעҪߵ۷δߣһˣزͽǣϲҪ
Ҷٷ紹۵סɫлްżҲ㹻ǣײ֪
̹׵ĹɴཫԼֽٷ繫ӡĹϵҲˣŸĶ֮Լʧȥ£⽫ײϣҪͲ塣
ԣ㲻ؼŵ˾£źˣٶ˺͡ٷ繫ӡȥҲҲҵͷϣҰĿϷ
̶Ĳӣ˹ȥԴʧȥһֱۺҶٷԽԽάƽⲻһСľͳһ߻ƣܼаȫеķ塣
̶ûŭ۵лЩҶٷ˳ƽ§ڻƿţһֱȥڣǰ
ԣĵġǱΪβ˵
ûʲôġҶٷǺ˵֣Ҳħ֣֮ˡ
ⲻǺһۣźһ۰ţ۵ᴦȥˡ
޷ݵĶԽ塣
Ҷٷȵļ϶ע⵽̶۵һѹʧܵĺ⣬̾Ϣ۽ǣ˵Ķˣɱһħ
̶ָǣȣһֱҰɡ
һڹҶٷֻû̶ϿʼιʳԵġ
ҶϵĲ֣ԼԵġ
ţ̶֪һؼιڱţûÿӵġ
ò
Ҷٷһգ̶ͱƴֽͻȻƤеٴε𾪣Զ㡢㲻˵ӹ˻ôôû

̶һ㶣ɫӲˣҡ
ˣû£ʱȥͺˡ
ǡ
ĬĬ̧֣һϤĹ棬ͷƮɳڿлûŮӰ
ҶٷĬĬ̶Ĵϳȥһһߣ
ʲôһֱڡ
ǣոգţ׵棬̶
Ҷٷ磺뾲
Ǳ߱ţ֪ǰ֮˾ԼӶĹ˷ǳ󷽵ذڰ֣һҺܿҲӣֱЦҿû͵Ҳû͵֮˾Ӧ֧ǽŶ
㲻סҶٷϺ쵽ҪѪ޲ֱȥ̧֣𡢱˵ˡ
˺ЦƮԶǼð~
̶ĵΣԼһʱ⣬ŵװµذοٷ磬ʵûµģ㿴˾¡
Ҷٷ̧ͷʲô£ûߣ
Ϊ̶֪е㲻̵ظ࣬ղźͼߵģ˾²ӰеһƷ񣬲ˣˣͲػӰˣû뿪
ҶٷһԴһƬհ׺󣬺Ȼûʲôµˣһж֮׷Ųˣ޵ն򡭡
̶ǵͷҲá
Ҷٷҡҡͷ¶΢ЦĿпһصǸѾˡ
̶ʱӵˡ
ѾɽһߵĽȥԼʱˣƺԶڵһЩܸ֮Ȥռ䣬ǣСԼĴڸС
Ҷٷ绹΢Ц·ֻʣɽˮ٣ƮȻ⡣
عݵֳbossΧʲôʲôҪ𣿷ֲǱȫ̶ſǺǣǺǺǡ
̫ˣ´һû˵ʱź׽̶ޱȳϿҵصǸûޱȣԽó׽ԼħµճˣȻһͷʲôˣȫ޳嶯³çɲã
ĲӰ˾µķֶûһֱģоϢйʱûµġ˾ȻֻһƷǲ߱ʲôʵģԼĪֻΪ˱ʲôĿĲŲӰ̶̫ġ
ҪȥҶٷȻּᶨ·һС͵ش̶ԺȥˣɲڣǾ͹ģ
ڼƻʲô̶ЦãǴӦúúãڣֻ֪ע÷ִ硣
Ҷٷ⣬һҪڽԣǵоôΪģǳǡĴʣǰδСٷ繫ӡ½ɡ
뵽ڻȻ֮ǰ֡ﲻԡĸоǴӺζ
̶ˮʱȻ̶ʱ񶼸Ŷ΢о
ʱΪԼ˳ˮۣƾͼƣǽһжȥˣͬһǳΣԸһнҪĽ֡
ںܾǰͳˣڶӵһ˲䣬˵ʲôΪ˲öߵóѶ֣ʲô̶ѾǼƻǽڡ
Ϊˡķǲֱ֪һĻţﲻһˣȴڲſ塣
Ϊ˵ıԹޡʣҪ½ɣҪŤתǵΪĵռ
ҪԶֻԼ
̶Ѿ㹻ҲʱֳΪʵˣҶٷ绹̲סֱ̧̫գ̲ס˵˵ô࣬ͲģҴһʼӽ㣬ǱĿģ
δ¶ûϸ͵¶ȥҲû̶ԼᱻᣬΪ˽һ塢һݡԡ̶ǡ
Ƶĸоܡ
ҵʲôʲôںҵԼмƻжֻǸп޵·ˣҵԼꡢ꣬ȴѱһɶ
ҶٷƤһٴһס̶ͣ㡭㡢Ͳܺú˵
̶޹Ķ˷̵İ⣬ţ
ƨԴɽԴɶ̶֮˵Խڲˣһھû侲ĻԺô
ⲻƨ̶һ֣Ǻϵ黰㲻˵ֻܴӱ𴦷йˡ


94 
Ҷٷ类ҭ˵, ͷ͸һ󱭲ˮ, кļ, ԴڸԼɫˣҶĳʰ·磡
һ߽˱Цڶ, һ߶һŬסϵĹߣ¸
̶ҲЦչȥǵˮգֱۺˡǾ뿪⣬ȥתת
ҶٷͷܾԼʲôҪ£Ӧͦġ
, һһҪ̶Цⲻ, ùһ, ȳţùҡ
ţ
Ҷٷͷ, ͮͮһΪɽĹʵɢ, ܲ, ֺһ֭, ҧųе, ܷ㣬ȷǲι
ǡʲôʱӰƤ
ĬĬͶ̶һĸƬΣһ̶עʱͻȻʹʳġƤȥϡƲʹһеϸڣţĿеȡ
̶ڵϲ֪ʲôأоߣ̧ͷӦһЦ߽
󣬾ͼһˡû취ı飬ͷȥӹҶٷһ˻԰ɡ
ҶٷãȻ
̶ͷҲãԺٲԼˣҪιιףι;߿ˡ
㵽״ҸղŵĿʲôֵֹĶ
Ҷٷһø첲ͼȥȥȥҲ˼Ϲ˵˵ԼҺͷʲôæȥ
ǰôû̶ôḻ
ͷʯϣ̶æſţͿ˵ŵ
Ը˾£
̶ҡͷ𶯣ҪԸĲӰĶ
һˣһ򣬰ż̨ʹҶٷӰӷҡʱ˵Ŀƣжһ㡣
Ҷٷ翴ſţ;ĵеûţûô
˵еһо鶼ǰˣʶزϣ̶غ˾¶ϣͻҡ
ˣ
ȻԼղʲôܳƶ
ƶ˵̶ֵڶĵطǵôˣһֱû̶ⶴеܣ
Ҷٷ৵һվе㼱
̶һ¡
Ȼһ̶һۣ΢΢ü»󷨡
ٷ磬Ҳһֱ㡣
ƺҶٷĳֹ⣬˵⻰ʱ̶ϵϢȻñҶٷһμʱܵǹϺ֮
´ߣγ彣ǻһ㲻ŤӰӴȥ
ޡ࡭
һҵ紵ҶٷҡҷţʱϨȴʼȼţɽǹɭɭڳµһ̣һӰȻγվ
˾£Щһ磬ʵ籾ôǿʢ
ҶٷȻһûü˼⡪Ϊ˾»ѡ÷ԼǱ˹֪Լڵǰ£
㡭
̶ŬĨɱ˾µһƷɹҲֱش˾£ٿ԰ȸߣ䲻ؾͻȻ֣ͼմİٷ硣
˾£ȻҲµķĨɱ˵⻹һļֵӲĹ̶ȥ
˾ڻ˵ţЦġĿ
Ҷٷһ㶣漴۵һֻ̧ԼǱʱ彣ָ䳯˾´ȥ
ݸȤˣĲֹһ
û¡̶ǵҪ˶˭ġ
һϸСƬʼϸ֣߻ı״ϣ
ҶٷĲ֣˾ǱѹƳɹˣһƺ̣ӡһī̵ʯ֮У˾µʶѾȥع鱾壬ֻʣ˷ʱĹ
һнñԤи˳ҲЩҶٷòŻܹȥȻϵ̶
㻹𣿡
ī̵ʯѾ𽥱ȾڣΪ͸ͨʯ̶ҡҡͷû¡
һҲûµӣϢЩңҲٳûժ£ǰ˵ָԭ״ٶȣࡣ
̶СĵֹȥǸߣָ⻬ڻȥƬܹ⻬Ҳܱ߻ժô
̶ٴҡͷ˱˹Ǹ
Ǹʲô
й£ȫ̶彣ֶֻ§Ҷٷ磬޲ѣԺᾡٽĴ
Ҷٷ磺һֱĻô
û˵ԼѺ߶Ի£ĵ̶
Żᱻȡɡ̶˵赭дأֶһġһ죬棬᳹׳ҵϣΪҵһ֣Ҳժ
ҶٷҲ§󱳣ףѧ̶οԼӣùɣһġ
š̶ЦˣұЩģǱ̫࣬һֱڡ
һ˵ţϵҲһ£ȥ
֮ǰԭѾйһӣûдӡ֮ڡ֪ģȻѾӥ֮䣬ô׾Ѫģ
ǶǸδĺͼҡ
ǸݲӤһʼҲΪԼǸһʼСǡܴϣҵĳɳһ볤󣬱ڵӡ
ߣǱңڵõ֮ǰҶһͬѧñҿ죬ҲҿʼֻҪҾܱú
ʶԵʱѾ벻ˡǳѣѧԺͽ̸һࡣ
Һ֮䣬ֻܻһ
ѾƬˣҲ˵øɾȴûժ档
ҿַĹ棬Ҳӵ̳˸棬ʶԼĶʵٿʼҾϲѼЩ
ĻҾͱ㹻ǿΪ㹻ܽë
ҲδֹͣѰһȫİ취ߺҹ棬ɹޣҲܶæߣҲΪ졮Ҳа취ҲһԼ塣
ʧˣ겻˵꣬Ѱġܲס
Ҳ˵Ҷٷõĳ·ò˵ġ
Ҷٷ磺ĳһ쿪ʼҲûʹù棬
Ҳ֪ϸҡ̶Цһժ棬ۿɼ߱㣬Ҳһʼûпǹԡ
Ҳҵ𰸡Ҷٷ翴۾ƽЩ棬ֻҪҵһˣһжд𰸡
˭
ѻħ


95 
ѻħ, ϰ, ΣͻȻִ˾жصġҶٷ, ˾ɵˣԼŲ֪֮ˡ
ǰѻħһŭΪ, ֣ںħľ󣬺ܿЯߵʦӣԴˣ¡
ֻֻ֪ӣΪԽ˫˫Ϸɳħ, ɴһСأΪվ
ݴ, վŨۿɼ, г죬ħȻ, гɵأħħ龫ֱ鲼һԿɳ鿪, վ֮¡ҹļ, , Ȼ⡣
ҲͼѰһվ, ͬѰһԴķ˰㣬żȻѰˣѰ֮˽ʧܸա
վѾһ˵ѰҰվ֮ĻֻһЦȰ㲻ŬɣԻЩ
ˣʲôҵվԼܷ
Ҷٷ磬һ亱еģѻħʦվ֮ȥվˡ˵ǰѾ˵ȥŵˡ
ڻǵãһμʦʱĳԼԼᵽ°ʱʦȰο
Щ飬֪ĻҲһǻ¡
ţѻħʦˣһѲǷ׵֪֮飬Ȼ鱾Ҫöࡣ
ò¾Ҳû£һʼҲԼĶԼ۷ûϵҶٷ򾲣ҲѣȷΨһĿֻ꣬Ϊ̶һһԲߡ
̶˵ˡѻħָ֣Լ˵㣬̶ǡǡܱȱ׾ҵ궼˳ɹѰҵĵطֻǽĿ׳ȷ
ֻΪ֮Ĺϵǡ˲Ż˵֣ǣҲԸ̹һС׽
̶˺˼Ƭ̣Ӧѻħе졣
죿Ҷٷ类ҭһ£˵ֲʲôѰߵ䣬һ¾еģǴ˵еħȻֻǶ죿ղ̹׵ʱᵽѻħզ˵أֱӵϢ˵
֪ǳʲô飬ĬĬؿ̶ŶһĵֻǶ죿룿
š̶ͷ˼濪ʼˡ
ҶٷһҪȤŪһͼ̶ͻȻһĴȣˣ
Σ˰
ԣ̶ͦ˵ģᵽ˵Ǹˡ
ҲǸˣˡ
Ҷٷе£ӦʶԼǬʲô˼Ѳɼħ
̶ûС
ҶٷͷšǾͺãҾ˵ôôɡ
̶˵ܳǣҪлѻħ˵Ǵδ뿪ĳطǵ׶ӣͲز
Ҷٷ죬˵
ôˣ̶Ƶؿǲ˵ʲô
ûеġڸ̾ϻû˵Ǹ˵߰ҶٷипҺڻƽʱᵽվѾˣȻ̶Ҫһ룬ǰվĳ˰
Ҳѹ˼ǡǡ
Ҷٷ类޴ľϲԴе裬һ̶ļ򣬸˵˺ѻħ¼ԼҪжѡ
ܡҵվڣǾٺòˡ
̶ϲ㡣
Ҷٷһ£е죬Ҳϲ㡭ͻȻ˵ôʲô
Բǡǡ۵
Ҷٷͷ棬̾аɡ
˵ֲ󣬻ʲôأֺαҪʡϸ룬ϾˣоͽаɣʲôģԺ˵
֮֮أи˵ĿӸ棬Ҳ˺̶ִ
̶񣬴չȥ°ͣ˵߽ץԼϣ⣬ѹ
Ҷٷû취ûѹ˵
ǲˣ
Ҷٷ磺
ˣ۾ҲˣҰɡ̶Ц·ʲôϲƵģˣٷ硭
Ȼһ±ƿҶٷ糯һ߼۾ʾ˻ԱĢأҪôɣ
̶ԹȥŬŲ۸ˡ
Ҷٷȥҵ̸ѯԼֱ۳ˣ̶Ҳһ䡢һаȺٰͶϺòãƢǺ˵ͷͬˡ
Ҳ˷ƶйÿԳԺȺӡҶٷ磬ֱӴ̶˶Ǭ
ҲΪ飬Ҷٷһݻ̶ģԼȤҲȾָòϲֱûáϰ·ͬڣȫ̶һˡ
⼸˾Ȼʱʱֱֻӳ֣ǵͨǧﴫķӣ˵һЩҡĵĻڴһħ
ȻʵȴǣҶٷĳһͻȻ̽ʱȴħѾԭѱȥĵģȴ˸յļ
̶붨ʱὫԼ֫͵͵ȡؿʳһĹȥǶϵıڻβǰ㣬ʼµ֫塣
˾Ҳ׼һδѯ
˵ģһɡħѡĻᡣ
عԭ״̬ɣƺȷе֪Լûжɵ츳
Ŷ֫Ĳʱ˾±ᡮѺá
ֻܰ㣬£Ǹŵ㡣
جоѣȷԼǷ񻹻ʱżյ˾µϢֻҪ룬ʱ뿪࣬ǰȥʦ
֮ҶٷȫˣɫȣδϹֻ
̶ҲڼǳһԾڴɣ͹һͬ뿪ƶΪһµϢ
ʱ˾·һεǧﴫ
δҵϢԭԼ
Ҷٷ̾˿Ȼһ̶ֱӽ˾µķǡ
ϣЩǷƽ˾Ĺģʲôر¶ûҲֻԼ֪жٴΣΪ˾µֻƬﶯҡˣؿǸޣǹֹԼĵ
ҲֻԼ֪˾²Ǽ򵥵Իͼ˵ı뷨ֻǲϵؽԺƴѹȥ뷨ڳûǨŭҲԷԻĳ·ľġ
İʦ˾µ㲦ԼҲ˳ɽ٣Ӵ˲ηʮ֮һ
µǡΪ飬б˾¸Ĵڣ᲻þʹ˷ȥѰҰվ뷨ټѻħϣסǣң̶˶ѰҶٷ磬ҲһʼͻԥֱӳΪ˾֮ˡ
ǣҡõѡ񡭡ЩеУҲеģ֮ǻҲ˵
ٷ磿
̶ڽϣͲס⼸գôǳʲô£
ֻ룬Ҷٷҡҡͷͷɽˮɫ죬̧ͷ̣ǿţͽľȻʣ
Թ֮ɽʱҪҡģĸңҪʱһ񣿡
ɫԵϲŭ̽һĴ𰸣κθɫʡӲҪ˵Ļü֮䣬̧֮䣬Ψһ˿Ƶʧɴ࣬δЦ⣬ȴǳ
̶Ȼ¹ǵһգҶٷ֮󣬺Ȼȥ۶彣ʹ졣
Ҷٷߣӳɽˮأ˵ţҵУΪݵôʲô첻ң˼䲻ҡֺ¹ԼԹˡִԲ򣿡
۾ȻӿСͻƵļơ̶æ洦˸طţſΪ令Ҷٷ羳綸Ҵš


96 
ɽ, ľͤ, Ҷٷϥ, ˫ۣһһ
˫ĿѾգ֮Ŀſ
ͤ, 紵ҡ̶˻棬ԥһ˲ַֻ֮άֽ绤
Ȼһ䣬ǵͳɼҾģȴƺƵɽּ첻Ϣ
, ԴͨԳɷ̥, ڱ֮Ŀ, 鱾棬`ǣͨʷ߽ä, ĳգִĲħ𡭡
ľ, ǼҼ޶ųʱѧ, ֻ֮, ۡϸг, ͬ
˵ıһʼŴǻۡͨ޷ŵģֻΪѰ飬Ĩȥһм䣬ʧȥǣҲӴ˶ʹ࣬ΪɣһԭеͨǻۣۣҪ
δΪ̥ȻûЩţҲֻͬؼǰ㣬ȥ޷õɡһΪ̥飬Ƕճɡħɹ
ˣ۾äĿеĶ䣬ţе鰮տ˵ʧƫִħȴҪشһ߲ϱۣһͼſۡ
已̥飬ʲôԷ˵Ķͣǵ𷣡
ЩҡͷӲľҶٷѾһ򣬷·ղŵһζ⾭һζ⾭˼̾ţ˼ʱӯʱֹˮ
Цҵֻʶü֡Ц̫ҧĽ֣û۾˱Ϲӣᷴڵä
ֱ˿̣ѰԼġۡ
յ֮£ҰһƬƼһС
Ƽ˹ȥڣƼңƼһһƼˡ
ɽϣֵþƣˣŵһ顯Цʲôƨ飿ҵˣֻС磿
ƶУСһµΪ䡪ȥĶұҪʹ죬㿴Լʲô
˼±ߣһ޹֮׹£ؿڳĵģ·ԹԼΪѳᣬɵҲȥɵӴǣңһħ
ξУ˫Ŀ죬ɱĴֻԸ¸ˣҪȳѪ׼װĸҪΪޡΪΪԹ
֮£϶ҪҡҲݲңҲңһҪ֮أһɺȻҪһ˿ϣϸ˿Ҳǰޣвʣˮһսھн׼
Ŀ֮ǺڰɫĻҰܾɫһ˲СԹ޲ʳ⣬еΪǰĿ񻶡
ȻģﲻͬǱ߽ٴıǩȥ
ǵʣƾʲô
ҶٷЦȥԼˣ۵׳һƬħʵʣԼһͬȥ¡и֮ˣɱ񡢷ɱ
ҶٷֻеİԭԼģҡ
ǸħӷٹһƬضսɱˡɱɱɱޣɱľҶɱǳ
ɱʲô
ݲҡ㻹𣿣ء顭ݲңǸ˫ĿߵҶٷǰקӣϵѪɺӣȴԲ£ҲңӦһбϾ·һ˿ҪĨɱĸожΪβ֣
Ҷٷ翴һ·նɱЩҡҡͷɫαؽȾ죿
ɫͳ졣
ΪҪȥ·
ΪаǿΪǿһã
޹֮ڻ㣬ΪҪɱָŵģһԵģµʱǸ̶
ڻңҪҵĳˣڲɱʱǸħţ죬ʱ޹֮ˣû޹ġ
ھ㡣
ûУ
㽫úõķ羰ˡ
羰ͻҰܲǲԫϱڣ
̫ѿˡҶٷţôѿ
ԼĳǰġԼÿһУΪʵһ֡
һ룬ֳһԼ
Լδˣº˵㡣
ҶٷΪģйȴԼΪּƣҴܹһƵеĻᡣ
µԼȻǴЦǴݲȣ˿ħȴɱµԼҲǸµԼɱ
㾿ʲô
ңµͷһЦϵı̰ߣأд޹㰡ǡǳɹɱһˣֲ㡣ǳɱ㣬ôҲҪ꣬ˡ
һȥԼˡ
Ҷٷ̾ϢһЩΣҹȥôӵô
νɴһ֡
ԼδԼšհǰ˺󣬿Ǹ֮ˣʵʼƽʧȴѭģԵСȳ죬óޣȴЦʼ٣جج
ҲɡҶٷ˵ţԺڰɱ֡
ǰĳٴαã½ɰԼԼһһ޳ɵԼ
һһնɱԥ
ҪɱҡǸ½ɾŵİ֣Ҳ㣬ҡ
ҵȷ㡣ҶٷЦ˵㣬ջɸʲôӣÿҲңڵùľ뿴Ϊɱ֮Ĵħ뿴ӵ֪ģ澳б׾Ͱܸңһɱɡ
ҶٷתһߣԼͷף֣ѾϢ١
ſڴߣһƬΪʲôһڿТΪƫƫֻ޷õ
Աߵ½ͣδ㣬ûжҴδգһö򡣡
Ҷٷ翴һѯ½ɣôأ˵˵ңֻʲôӣ
½ɳҡͷָһ
Ҷٷ˳ŷȥһڰֿǸԼһɱĺʬ壬ͷţԭѾɱˡ
գճħʧȥǣ
ϸϸ룬Լ̫⡣
Ŀѿ˹͸˽ͣԼǰͤϥ붨ԼĬĬһԣΪԼ̶
ҶٷӰ̶ֱ࣬۹סĲչȥֱ۽ǡա꣬Цˣ
ҺûϣҸ㣿
һɣԪӤصһǡСԼڣһ
̶ֻԺȻһůķ磬ļë°㣬˲¶ʶ̧۳ͤȥ
Ҷٷǡڴʱһ˫峺ۣüһЦһˡ


97 
Ҳ̫˵, һʶˣôѪ
ûҶٷ練Ӧأ̶ס֣Ѷץ, ĺϲˣ
ǰȻϲҶٷû裬Ц½״̬
ղźǽڿӻǮš
֪ļҵľ¥, ҶƷˣ
ûΪҪʵҶٷʶ, ˵ԼԺﷴӦĵһ, ַ
˵ˣͶһ, ԲۣⲻҲᵽ𣬻Ǹзַţ
ҶٷԼĶ, ûٸĿڡһƬհ벻ľ¥ַ, ֻЦ, ̶, ҲЦЦҶٷ²͸Цݱ⣬սӲ󱳷䡣
̶һ˵ı飺֪ӭżʱΪλᱻҶӶſˡ
ȵòĵˣҶٷѾЦÿҪʶЦˣ̲ס̧˷⣬ͷܾﲻԾ
ѵбΪǵ̶ʵɲ⣬ЦصʵѾҵĳֻٱҪȥǮǲǾͻΧȺŹң
ôһҲ²⣬Ͳ̫˵ȥǮˡ
͡͵͵ˡװѾǮšǮѾǽ赽ˣǲỹǮģ
Բסˣӣ
Ҷٷĵ壬Լ裬Ѱ˼ŴһǶȻӺ޹͵ڸǸ󻵵ɳ֮ƭȡ̶ģ
ôһ룬̶ͲֹδصӦ۸󣬻Ǻһ괩ߡ˵ͬߣϵĵ˱ϵĿͬ
оͦ΢ġ
Ҷٷط񾹶Լˣ֪أæѿšֵЩһ̧ͷÿʮһ˵ĵۡ
֪䶼ôԶˣҶٷվе죬ʶǰĵ۲ǰ̶ġͼϿ
ƵģҶٷ˾䡮ɺ϶ѡΪͼһһĥ߽˵ۡ
ҹ·ʲô£ǸϲϢֲסջб˷ֵΣգɴû˵ʱסˡ
СطƫƧŶʱҶٷȴвһɾࡢûʲôҳûȴƾɡ
˹ˣȴڲǰ˴ɨһ
ȻֻǸۣϢĵطֻнĵݶѣҶٷݲתһȦȴֵݶʵŵĺ룬һʲҶŲĵӣȥ
һ䣬һѾϨ˵Ĳѣȼľͷɼӣ滹һڹԱһȦż黹ûչĸľ
ôһ񶼲ȥˡͷһμ˯ƵݻôˣǸ˲Ű
ţҶٷ쵽ʶӡһ˸ǧﴫˡ
ʱ˭ʦʦʦʦʦʦ壿Ǽеĸǣ
գգۣҶٷķ΢Ժľ̶
ҵŵѾջˡ

ǣǧﴫΪ˵ô޹ʹĻ·ʶ͹ػȻô£
Ӱɡ
ҶٷĬĬǬȡԼϢõһͷһůƤ̺ӣһʪļ۵ƤͷԼһʱĹ顣
š
ǰĶĬƬ̣Ҷٷ𹦷飬ɽյõľ档
հһãʶӡٴһ
̶ǧﴫ
Ҷӣû·ɽµĵۣ̲ʵڲסĻպһģͣƬ̣ƺЩº͵Ц˵֮ǰҹģ˺ܶĵݶѺͿԿЩҰʳļӣĻֱðɡ
ԭ㰡ӡ
ôҿأҶٷ鸴ӣ΢Щɻ󣬻Щ΢ͬ顣
ǡʾҽǮʡŵ㻨ھˣ
ݶѵȷǿܳںͱĵݶѲһľҲȷܺüûٺãҲǵݶѺʱľѰ̶ͦһˣȻôڼ
˵ǳžһڿɣ
ҶٷһԼë׵̺ӣ̧̨ٴָȼ򣬽Źⷭ顣
ȻӦ̶š
ҶٷľѧϰǧﴫΪܼʱյʦŵҪϢ񣬵һʹǧﴫΣΪȣ֮ÿһõҲǸʽҪϢݣԱ˳ŵòŻǧﴫк졣
ҶȽϸæģ֮ҲֻǼʱ˵ͬʦܣҲû̶һδһ仰һյʱִһǷϻġ
Ҳ̫ã̶̫˵òԼеĳȿдˣǸʱ̫ˡ
Ҫ̫˷ˡѵԣΪߵ˶ôģ
ΪֻڵҶٷоĲͲƽ⡣
ееĽе
Ȼˡӽǲˣ嶼Ҫɱ˵ˣǸ£ʵûڱķŬŬ
Ŭӡ
ɴҲ˶Լʣ΢ԼһͷͼһġлӺ⡯һ˼ʶӡǸ̶˹ȥ
˺
̶Ȼܿţڿʲô飿
Ҷٷ磺
Բۣ˰ˣҵľ鱻ˣ
ȻķƤħ¼ǧճ񡷡
滹һС֣дʲôǰ顯Եɾ塯֮಻ĿĻ
ǣõⱾʱôûע⵽ķء
ҶٷޱֻһǧﴫȥԼԱζ֣ޡ顣
ֱѧϰǿ̾ͽ̶˷ѲҪǮļհ˹
ȻˡΪ˴ĵؿѾķȫʱ𽥻ָôһ㣬Ҳղǧﴫùˡ
Ҫ̶ĴҶٷ磬ҪֹǸĳɹԼ年̶ǿЩСͼ˷ԶԶӼֱǳ費˶ȫûвԼ쵰˼
вС


98 
ֱӽгƺź, ԼֲЩνƺΪͨˣҪʳЩͻˡ
ҶٷӺףе㲻˼ؿڣǸסǣ
ƿ, ָָ棬ƺûȥԺסˣƽʱʲôҪֱӻСɡô
ҿԸĸƺֱӽгƺ޷ĳ羴֮顣ҶٷŬڳϿҷǳģͲ۾һһˡ
ð΢΢һЦ, ǸеƵĳһƫͷ, ˿ûʲôƢļ, ʲô
ҶٷסҪУԼһͱɵΣ, ССؿڣǡˣ
ǵĿҶٷϣ΢΢, ǽЦЦ, ԽˡԽΣζʮ, Ĭ˼Ϣ֮ųҶٷķŲһ, ͷ˹ȥǶͷֵľ룬
ܺá
Ҷٷ亹ˣƽһεϷˣǸֵָܴһٸԼ߼Ҫдϲÿô
Ϊ̫ţǾҪľ룬ҶٷҲûע⵽ǵƺһƮһ˲žͿЦҶٷҲ˿
ٽһ
ҶٷԹЦſڣˡ
ŶҧͷôӦ
~̵Ӧˣôƺ㰡εСܣ
ö˶˵ô˵ͻȻˣҶٷһ㶣ʶҲŴ˵𻰣ٷͺãٷǸٷ硣
ݲݲݣٷأô˵ҷء
Ǹ֣㡣Цޱޱģָ̧Ҷٷգӣ˲ţˡ
ûˡ
Ҷٷ·𱳸ǧũ񲮲ϣļ޵еˣһҲҶӲֱͦͦ
ʲôأ˵Ӳ档Ͳ˻ǷǾɫ˵ɫ
ٷܵʲôҪҪľͺ˵Ŷį˾͸ң~ѩ~ѽ~
㻹ǰѩﰲϢ˰ɡ
ҶٷЦ÷·Ե߻أ洺⣬æصͷððѩˡ
ЦȥҪˡ
ˣĴˣˣһЦЦȥ㲻Ͳܣ
ʲô߰߾ЦޣЦʹࡣ
һһȥ˵Щޱ߼ʵĻӶѩ˵ժˣǲźȻ˵ˣҲˣ˵ľҲˣ˵ҲָЦҲôˡ
Ҳ֪ģƵ˲ָ˸ռʱģĳһתߡ
Ҷٷֱˣ˼Լǲ˵ˣ־鵱˵û߹Ȼϲŭ޳Ƣֵúܡ
ֱգۿûӰˣҶٷȻԼ˵͵һĴȣһ̵غšˡ׷˹ȥ
֪ͻȻѡԼҪأҲûʽԱű⣬ɲôȥˡ
һ
˵ѧҵ֮Убһ֮У󣬻ص˵Ŀ֮ԿռţȴǵѬһϸ΢
εͲ¶ȵҶٷ˿ҷɣǰ˵׻ǰʮߣǲǰڳջ̬Ҳǲӵ
ٽšҶٷҲòЦֱͦӭǼ˳ܲסѹͷٴο϶һԼ
д߲ϲЩСų֮ᱻ䲻ϲԼԴϻ̳Ͽ֡
ǵġ
ȻҶٷ̹һʱ֮ǵɫȻ࣬¹һȣǵгȡ֮ǰͼ
Ŷһﲻ󣬿СðЩΪҩ֮ˣҵĸۡͲŭңֱӽĥȥٴж˿飿
Ҷٷһ㶣һʲôһﲻˣôԣصˡ
ȡҶٷŬƺЩѵ沿飬Ϊζп˵ģͣԭɽ¾ģ˭롭
ǿЦЦġ
Ҷٷ΢΢һЦ֮ǰĿξ絴ϲޣһ˫·޺ֻڿ֮ǰСĶôһֻۣһۣ޶޿ݣֱ˼㱡ԣҪ˵ʲôҪʲôȫ֪ˡ
ϲˣЩǰСϳݵģãЦöˡ
ֻݱ޵ϲãƺδͣãͻһҲм̾Ϣ
㵹ǻ˵Ǵ˼ҵү飬ʦ
Ҷٷֻ䣬ǲ˵Լ˵ЩʱȻȻԣƳһ˵ĵӲѰ֮£
㲻ͷμңȻúáǶʮһ꣬Ҳϲˣᷳ
ҶٷԽѸһתµԼĪĸߵľʶǵ˲ˣŻ˵Ļ
ôأҶٷæϣɽ궼һ컨Ӵ⸴ڣ˭Ҳ˵껨ȥкβͬ˭ָ˵ɽˮ羰ǻῴ˵ģ
֪û˿ɽˮ˵ģ
Ҷٷ΢΢һЦǱȻΪɽˮɫ̫̫ˣǿ֮ԼʮһղͷͿԲſɽˮҲᡣ
أеһƣԭžҺƿһΣ͵ֱ̧˵ҶٷЦȥҲǡ
ãҶٷ类öЩëҪ̲ס˻ˣǲջߣһɨֱ˵һá֡
Ȼַɿزһ䣬Ҳǻˡ
Ҷٷ磺
ȵȣҸղǲ˵ʲô˵£ôܸоҪֳ
֪Ҷٷıʵֻ˵֮ҰܣȻʲôòÿɽˮܾÿˡôͳ˻˲ŸҾÿ
ŭߵǺηˣ밲Ϣɡ
㣬ܲǲΪҪҽױЩҲԣҴΪҵҩҲúúɲС
лˣҶٷϲæʩһ񣬡һȫϣްԹԣ
ңЦһΪȻС죬ĳҪʮ֮һ𡭡
ĳˣȻŵܿͻ˵Ǹù
ƼҶٷ˼ֹģϸüһô⣿
˵ʹݵһ̣Ҷٷʶػһݣæ˰֣ɰͰ͵Цתƻ⣬װʲôҲû룬ɽʱšÿζҩ˽𣿡
ЦЦǵǡ
ŶҶٷ¶ͷ
һʼġǲһûϢǿָ߾˷ܹͷε˻Ҫȥȣ鷳ɴ͡


99 
Ȼᡭ̶ʵĺ˺òÿ, ǣޡ飿
Ҷٷһ죬ĵղǾԼòÿء
ˡô£ӦӦǳĬȻٴ
ֻ, ָô
ÿ
ÿÿӣҲһ𿴿
񾭲ɣ
Ҷٷ統ȻûлΪĿ鵽һǧﴫȥˡ
ֲҪҶٷҲû£ҲֻԼָ, ⿪ʼ顣
Ͼ飬͸¶һֱӵľ, ҲǼֵǵҶٷ緭û, ҵԼҪĶ
֪ȥ͵ѧ, ҪϣȥĶңҪʲôʱ˺, Ҳ඼֪ˡЩ, Ҫضʱȥضĵصõõ, ǰ֪ЩϢ, ֱҶٷʡȥ˾ųɹ
ʲô鰡Ǹٿȫ
Ҷٷ˴㣬ڶֱȥʮ֮һ
λߣġŮװС
ʵҶٷҲ̫ʲôŮװСе̫ʻ㶼˼࿴ǿ⣬һϲóƯˣΪ̫Ư˴Ůġ
ݴţλʱä⵽ͬ˵賰ЦЩȻäȴӿģ͹ƭ˵ª۾ƲȻ֪ԼǺÿѿԴĲ֪ǻԺͼʣٲªҲֲ˵˺
ֱ˵ħΪҲ˵Ӱ
˶Ϊ󣬻һʱԼ۾ٻȥҵЩ۸Լ˺ݺݽѵȴһͷݡ塢йصԳ
ȻѾϹˣǰѾΪԼһͷŵò̬Լģġ
ҲԺԼ¸ģֻʱõġôֲڡ
ؼǣΨλߵġõģһֻҪϹãŸһ겻⣬պ÷Ҷٷ
ţô˯ˡ˯֮ԺƺоʶĲȣһҹΡ
ʱ̶ǧﴫֶ
ôˣ
ˣ˯ˣ
м˺˵ҷһޣϵľƺܸȤģˡ
ҶٷգգۣһȻĮغǰݵĴ򾾫ӡ
׼ȷ˵ǵصſ򾾫ֵˮľһȦһȦҶٷĴܲ͸м䣬ɫڳʪĹʱ㣬һȥҲͷβ
Ͼ۾۾ǶӣӦɱơ
һĴŵŨľ
Ҷٷɫһ䣬æͷһƺûˡ
ǿһСԺȵȻӾư
Ȼͱôζ޸͵ˣ
ò²⣬ǰֳִִļһ϶̶;ߵֻԩġų߳ߡˡ
Լవʾв̶ǮԼҶٷǰһڡֵá
̶ŶЦģȻôģڽ֮Լ
ҶٷɫڵòУݲʰԼĶ򾾫û˯Ѿʹ㿪ˡ
ʱֱŶ룬ȥʱȴҪڸ޵ϡɽԽ롯ı̫һԶԶֹųߣŤ̶ţҶٷһ룬ûŰ壬͸˦
žһƵĵľ޲֪ﱻȵˣȻͻؿʼСһһϺƵĿŤڵڣͣ˾ųҵĳȣԼͨߵĴϸ
ǰƵĿռóˣ˳óſڵλãҶٷҲ̧žͳˡ
ίίĿظͣ۾۾ҪϹء
û׷ҹ͵͵Լľƺȣίˣʲô¶
Ҷٷ̲סˣ۾ô
߿ޱ߻ش𣺡ò۾
Ҷٷ磺
аɡ
֪ˣ֮ױͨշ֣ôزסΪֲִ
ң۾۾Լ࣬ϹתСֱ۸ҶٷƳƳȥǸ뿪;ȥ
ء
ֿˡ
ôţҲ֪̫ûó԰ҶٷЦã߹ȥ
ӣ򾽿ߵô˼ƨɡ
Ҷٷ磺˼ƨɵͷˡ
ҪҲԣҪȥͳͼ򾾫ʾ⣬ܵÿ죬ܴҵضֱӹȥҾͲߣƺȣΣ
ܻΣܻضɣôҲǸޡҿħƺҲʺȥλߵɽͷӣ;
ڽҲǻŵģû޵ضݣȥĶһЩ
򾾫붼ûʹӦˣʾܸҶӵԼҡ
Ȼô֪ʲô
ɾҵѽ
ðɣȻǱԼġҲ̶֪֪֪Сô׳
̶֪ôҶٷ粻˿õĿʼǳɹһ밡ͣӣȡԺҾ롮ޡȫ綼ûҲϲҵĵز
Ǿͻϲϲ·ˣĿƽɽ
֮⣬̶Ҳ˿һɻϲС޵İзҶƺԼ׼ľϲʱ⡣
Լȥ֮󣬿ˡ
ϲɺء
ò˵ǣ򾾫ΪޣضǺܾͨģҶٷһƬڰ֮Уûоʲôǰö죬ֻڤһӵĹ͵ƽɽ
Ȼص棬ɫƺֻȥ˰죬硣
Ҷٷôһվ㱻Ϲ۾ҰĶǰѩͷǡǴ죬մӰĵص³оˬģЩᡣ
ò۾Ӧ˹ߣҶٷĸо䣬תϴñҲ࣬ڶ
λ߲ͬλ߲δĳɣʼձԼɢޣ˵Ƣԣ̫ദ
Ҫ˵ƢôԲദ
Ǳ˵ĳһΣǲ֪ȥμʲôᣬǰ˿Ϳرһͨߵĳ羴֮飬ǾͻȻͷһͨ
һظ֮ˣֻ֪ҵΪʵȴҵò
ֱǳģɶ
ÿԺʱҶٷ͵ؾһʶϡʲôÿҿҲûúÿ
Ȼһط顣
Ҳû뿴أФɰ̶һĿʲôֻϷѣϷ
Ȼᡭ̶ʵĺ˺òÿǣޡ飿
Ҷٷһ죬ĵղǾԼòÿء
ˡô£ӦӦǳĬȻٴ
ָֻô
ÿ
ÿÿӣҲһ𿴿
񾭲ɣ
Ҷٷ統ȻûлΪĿ鵽һǧﴫȥˡ
ֲҪҶٷҲû£ҲֻԼָ⿪ʼ顣
Ͼ飬͸¶һֱӵľҲǼֵǵҶٷ緭ûҵԼҪĶ
֪ȥ͵ѧˣҪϣȥĶңҪʲôʱ˺ͣҲ඼֪ˡЩҪضʱȥضĵصõõģǰ֪ЩϢֱҶٷʡȥ˾ųɹ
ʲô鰡Ǹٿȫ
Ҷٷ˴㣬ڶֱȥʮ֮һ


100 
̧ͷȥ, Ǵűˣһ󺮷ӿڣҲϵĺ
ƴȫҲֻ۵ľ, ʱصڵϣصľмʼٸվſڣһۣһ˲Ѹ˪
Ҷٷϳ˵ϳǸ, ۾ҲסƵɫʵ, Ƴüģ, ʱ˫ü壬ŭڵģ, ҶͷĻ·ա
˳Ϊɾʶ˽
ࡣ߾ħȫɫϵ˵Ц, ˵ʱΪҶٷ̫, ȵϢ, ˿, һΪ㲻ˡ
ҶٷеãȻʧȥʶǰһ仰
Թڵҩ
ˡ
߾ħ𣬲֪Ŀ˺δǵˣҪˣŪ
ɾɢŴ̹ǺҶٷԼǰȥɾƿʱܵǹɺ⡣
ǹòģ֮ȴŭݣߴʱ·ŵĲʲô˵٣ԵɲҶٷĲͬɾһδŵģҲסߣϣһֻѿ¶졣
߾ħųʸˣƵģҲ֪Сӵ⣬ʱ㲻ܣʱ˿ͷˣ㵹Ǿٽô
ɾֻ̧ͷѩѩȳȥûˡ
ѩͷҪֱѹ˻ȥϻѹɽãҪұ۾סɣ־͵Ҳڡ
Ҷٷ磺
ͷôôͲܰڳŵͻ
ָˣҶٷʵҲ˼ôѹűˣԼֲεģһֳŴǽڴ𿪣˳·á
߾ħԸֱӸ첲һ§ҶٷסҶҽˣ԰Ҵһѡ
Ҵ򲻹㡣
ô֪򲻹ħԲŹֻ㵽ΪֹӮˣ˾ͻ㣬ˡ
Ҿһħ𣬲ǿ㾭˱ֱԤľˣɾԺ󶼲ˣֱ˵һҽѩˡ
ѩҽһҪ
ҶٷͬԴôϲħˡ
ѩ۾ҡͷ᲻ôóԵģĶҪ֪ôܳԿ϶Ҳˣ߾ˣҪ
ɾ챻Цˣ㲻Ƕס𣿣Ϲ廰ʲô
߾ħЦ򲻹ҲҪѩҴȥʮ£ҾͽһԶСӻ㡣
ҶٷһĮذԼϵĸ첲һԿˡ
ɾּۻۣУ㽫ͷƴˣ⻹ô
͸Ҵ򣬴˲Ҫ˻ճ㣬ⶾɣˣٸⶾ
ħҪ̫ɾˣֱһӹȥǴ룬ѿڴ˪ƫƫϵ˺𣬡αطҪΪٲ֣ͱҷˣ
߾ħһãֱѩһץһնԾڵһ֮£ͷԺٲֻۣȫһƼȫǮӱ
ɾһЦɽ
Ҷٷ綼ˣ˫Ǯ̫˰ɣ
ɾ߾ħһͬͷ죡
ѩһͷסԼס߶䣬һ̧ѺõذæסҶٷ졣
˾͵ҶٷҲԻָɡ
ֻҶٷ绹ûӦⳡ򶷾ǰˣǰ˲У嵽ôġ
ɾһճˡ
ħƺû˵ӣû档
ˣɾϵƺɾ࣬ûտʼôˣѩԴߣҩ°ɡ
ƻħק·Լϣǻмߣ㶼ҽˣѩҴ߼죬ȴֻһһݽҩڹռ˱˲ŵԵµ£óû٣ٶƭЩǮƱ
ɾҲܻ䣬ǰҶٷ磬ֱһקסд⣬ΣѩȥĿɲҡ
ѩԱѾ͵ۣڴؿ߾ħĴԼȥ棬ɱ춼⴬ˣǵ¥ƵĶһϢء
߾ħ˿ѾųԿͳԿɣߵĻȴת˸Ȧ˻ȥ
ҡˡ
ɾ˽Ƣϵ۾΢΢󣬡ʲô˼
ѩξͲˣҩҲˣҲǹƽŵ߾ħЦһ߽ɾȻƹǴߵˣ󱻲ظʵҶٷ֣֪Ǹϲɵˡ
Ҷٷ磺ˡ
ҩȷϣ߾ħȤϾϵĻ᲻ɶãһˣ¾ûôˡ
еĻ˵߾ħߵ˺٣˲š
еֵֹģžǽֻȤˣҶٷһʼͦģǸħԣ֪ߵغ񣬿¸ħӡ
ǵɾΪԼӦħ֣Ȥ̶ȾͲһˡ
ܡ
Ҷٷ̧ͷɾıӰĵء
ǲɾΪҪԼȣƾ̶ԣϵĻƺò߾ħ˵ŭ
ѲİҶٷ統ԼˣԺһǽŴַСģԲŴĵﵱԼ˻ţ
ԽԽ£粻룬Ҷٷ۹۱Ǳǹģˡ
ֻҪħ𲻸ԼⶾζȤڣҲʲôҪĶֻǸԻǵĶȵԺٺ٣Ȼͷȫޡ
߾ħ𲻿ò˷ӦֱӻһŻȻʧʱɾµƬƬ˪
һ˲䣬ֻžһʯϸСİɫмɾ¡
ѩ
ްɾ̧֣סԼѿߣҲס˲϶еʵݣħδ˵ұ
ҶٷƳȥȴɾת㿪ˣʼάűģָ֮ǰĳҶӣַдܣж衣¹֮лֱ棬ʱٺúóлҶӡ
ţҶٷҲ׷ſѿˣԹվ󣬡лɾȣ»òԣһʱ嶯ˡɾҪҪһʶӡǣʱɾ¹֮µĵչ
ء
ƵģɾҲܿ뿪ˣŲæûٸҶٷٶĻᡣ
ֻʣˣ˵ҶٷõóԸѩһȴˡ
תͷѩѩҲĺ㣬λӸ磬ʲôԻ
Ҳ֪Ҷٷҡҡͷѩǰָһת˶ʶӡǣԺϵ£
ѩЦõ򣬡ѣҲġ


101 
һ, ҶٷѸȵ˯֮, һƬƽ
̶һŲ֪Ӻδļɫɲ, ɲҩãһָȫùҩ, 㲻ʣعעҶٷʶ
Ϊֹ֦һζҩģֵҩõϵɲ, ʹŰꡢƽҡֹƶЧáʱ̶˿˿ƵعעҶٷڣЧ֪ǷУҶٷ˯߱øӰˡ
ûв´Ļ, ߾ħµһħڹƶ֮һƶֵͬĲǷθʶ¶֮ѲŻس
ЧЩ, ̶֪, Ҳֻܶʱľż, ʧȥҺ˼
߾ħʲôˣһĵˣȤľЩηΨǴӡΨΨŵŵ, ˿ȤҲޡ
һ, µġߡ, ôȲؽԷùƶɱ˸Ȥľżأ
ǹƶЧ֮, Ǭ
̶ԼĪһʱ䣬㽫ռȫֹ֦ΪҶٷ绯ϣ˿ٴҶٷ˯˼
ֱѯ߾ħǱȻò𰸵ģԼ̽һ
ʱ˿̣ʲô¹ǵĵ֮£ѾױԺ̶עİЦһⲻЦãһЦͲ̫Ǹֱɵˡ
ǡñһֻԺŹǷèƼһһèһϢè͵رһ飬˫צ۾һͷװɶҲûˡ
ϸ۲Ļβë΢΢ըЩһȦ
̶ڶصʱҶٷո֮ǰһƣһɨգҲӯ
Ϊ˯̫̫ҶٷֱӴ˯ߵ״̬ĵѣԺǷöĹ̶û۾һһƬԲؿ̶
̶һ㶣Ҷˡˣ
ҶٷŵһϤѡʲô
ľƣ뼸ģȻ˵ʲôһЩ԰ߵҩҹܱЩֵûϢΪл͸Ҫ£Ҷٷ͵ش˹ѸٵشԼǬ﷭һ̺̺ãֲ֪ͳ۵׼̶¾Ʋˡ
гԵģɡƤݡףҶٷȫطһȦӣ˵¹Ǿ񶼰һʣ¼ʮˣⶼܱҵ
̶һ٣ָֻܿȻѰӻðˣҲΪҲˣֻʣʮʮƽջܶţû뵽Ԥ˸Щ
ǰ⿴Ļ϶ΪǸû˵ĿճˣƽʱȻȫʺʺţʺЩȻĲһ˵ҲéޡҶٷҲûгԶʳ˼鲻߶߶˵һѣڰֻͳԼġáӾȸơ
ȻȻ˸źļƣָҹүɫ̶ЦЦƺ
ƽԼľƣ֪Ӱ˷Щʲôζܳ壬ȵﵹǲֻ˲Ÿоһů⡣
ҶٷسһڣźȻһ˲
ףղǲ˵©ˣ¹ǰջֻ˼ʮûϿȥôʲôģǴ鿴Ϣ
װȼڣӾƱԵγһ͵̶Էɫ糣ûз׵˼ŷ
ôˣ˵Եġ
㰡
¶ǣһҲͬ˯˵ļëҲյ˰ߣ˶ȫ⣬Щ󣬻ЩʳǸΪ꣬һֻֻĶòֻ¶Դǰצųԡ
ǳĺèΪѵسءϾһݶַ¹ǣûʳһ˵ˡ
Ҷٷգգۣǲô
ܺȡ̶ԶֻƷ˼ھƣΪǳģ˾ƻ£Ҫɿڡ
Ҷٷѿڶһ£ƺ󾢶е󰡡
ô˵̶ɫѯţºͶһգգҶٷϣǾУҶӾͱˡ
ǿɲУҾܺãǧǧҶٷ粻䣬һ±˶־һڣ뵱ҲСĽİ׾Ƶɰˮʵʱǿǡ
̶סЦ⣬ǡʲô
ûʲô˵Ҷٷס죬˵еͺ࣬ҡҡͷͷԶôԼƱĺʷ˵ߣСҡ
̶¾Ʊ̧סԼƵֻ֣΢Ҷӣˡ
˭̽أû˽˭֪￴֪һк󣬻᲻ЩӦء
Ͼд̫ܣ̫ҪĶ
ûΪ֤дǸԼˣʵСα˻ɲҶٷ磬ȴ֪ƾʲô취ƭ飬ûκ˷ֲǱˡ
ûĻû֤ԼԼû֤Լ
ܹ֤νɱǸռԼļһ˼ѹת۾Ҫ˼ᣬ޾ˣ˵ĻǴɢƺҲ̫ãдҲûк˵˼
ʱҶұڵüȮĲֵˡ
˼ȥ׼ñõΪ׵
Ҷٷ϶Լ¶˾ġ
ԵģΪ˼˺͸ۺϿǲģΪʲôһҳд͸¶ͻȫʬ
Ҷôôη˰ôᱻôһǺдȥĻвغǺǺǡ
Ȼͳɹɽˡ
ȻͲС·һˡ
׼ȷ˵һΪʿ
޳ֱͦ٣һ׳ģǻѵ·ǡôĵЦѹӿ˭崺硣ִһȣǳ棬ŷǷȻ彣ȴϸ۲·һͷʵأëϡ
ٿӭʱͶʣü۶Ŀбӵģ²֪Ǹĵֱѵɾһ˫ϲοºͶԵḡεĮ񶼲Եø߰ЦʱҲֻԵ档
Ҷٷ翴ſţʶؾԼǬ֥ź
ˣѲɡ
ֶݵǰ
һСľͶ࿴˼ۣһСľͱ˧۷ɾԼεĿ⡣
ɾ޷װòЦſҶٷ磬˵˾䡮ʡʱҲߵ˽Ҷٷ̧ͷһƼʯȹϿһ֡
һ̵ɷ衢˹Ŀġ֡
ôе졣
Ҷٷ粻֪ӳˣѱˣ𷽲￴֣૵ѿڶ
̶
ҶٷطӦдŵģǸˣرر빴ġǡͽš
˾΢΢Ȼʵϵң
Ҷٷʱͱɫ
ϵã
̶ɵһ̧üЦŵĿڽ͡
Ҷٷ˿ĭεؼЦĽѾá


102 
ֱӽгƺź֣ԼֲЩνƺΪͨˣҪʳЩͻˡ
ҶٷӺףе㲻˼ؿڣǸסǣ
ƿţָָ, ƺûȥԺסˣƽʱʲôҪ, ֱӻСɡô
ҿԸĸƺֱӽгƺ޷ĳ羴֮顣ҶٷŬڳϿҷǳģ, Ͳ۾һһˡ
ð, ΢΢һЦǸеƵĳһƫͷ, ͣ˿ûʲôƢļ, ʲô
ҶٷסҪУԼһͱɵΣ, ССؿ, ǡˣ
ǵĿҶٷ, ΢΢ۣǽЦЦ, ԽˡԽΣζʮ, Ĭ˼Ϣ֮ųҶٷķŲһ, ͷ˹ȥǶͷֵľ룬
ܺá
Ҷٷ亹ˣƽһεϷˣǸֵָܴһٸԼ߼Ҫдϲÿô
Ϊ̫ţǾҪľ룬ҶٷҲûע⵽ǵƺһƮһ˲žͿЦҶٷҲ˿
ٽһ
ҶٷԹЦſڣˡ
ŶҧͷôӦ
~̵Ӧˣôƺ㰡εСܣ
ö˶˵ô˵ͻȻˣҶٷһ㶣ʶҲŴ˵𻰣ٷͺãٷǸٷ硣
ݲݲݣٷأô˵ҷء
Ǹ֣㡣Цޱޱģָ̧Ҷٷգӣ˲ţˡ
ûˡ
Ҷٷ·𱳸ǧũ񲮲ϣļ޵еˣһҲҶӲֱͦͦ
ʲôأ˵Ӳ档Ͳ˻ǷǾɫ˵ɫ
ٷܵʲôҪҪľͺ˵Ŷį˾͸ң~ѩ~ѽ~
㻹ǰѩﰲϢ˰ɡ
ҶٷЦ÷·Ե߻أ洺⣬æصͷððѩˡ
ЦȥҪˡ
ˣĴˣˣһЦЦȥ㲻Ͳܣ
ʲô߰߾ЦޣЦʹࡣ
һһȥ˵Щޱ߼ʵĻӶѩ˵ժˣǲźȻ˵ˣҲˣ˵ľҲˣ˵ҲָЦҲôˡ
Ҳ֪ģƵ˲ָ˸ռʱģĳһתߡ
Ҷٷֱˣ˼Լǲ˵ˣ־鵱˵û߹Ȼϲŭ޳Ƣֵúܡ
ֱգۿûӰˣҶٷȻԼ˵͵һĴȣһ̵غšˡ׷˹ȥ
֪ͻȻѡԼҪأҲûʽԱű⣬ɲôȥˡ
һ
˵ѧҵ֮Убһ֮У󣬻ص˵Ŀ֮ԿռţȴǵѬһϸ΢
εͲ¶ȵҶٷ˿ҷɣǰ˵׻ǰʮߣǲǰڳջ̬Ҳǲӵ
ٽšҶٷҲòЦֱͦӭǼ˳ܲסѹͷٴο϶һԼ
д߲ϲЩСų֮ᱻ䲻ϲԼԴϻ̳Ͽ֡
ǵġ
ȻҶٷ̹һʱ֮ǵɫȻ࣬¹һȣǵгȡ֮ǰͼ
Ŷһﲻ󣬿СðЩΪҩ֮ˣҵĸۡͲŭңֱӽĥȥٴж˿飿
Ҷٷһ㶣һʲôһﲻˣôԣصˡ
ȡҶٷŬƺЩѵ沿飬Ϊζп˵ģͣԭɽ¾ģ˭롭
ǿЦЦġ
Ҷٷ΢΢һЦ֮ǰĿξ絴ϲޣһ˫·޺ֻڿ֮ǰСĶôһֻۣһۣ޶޿ݣֱ˼㱡ԣҪ˵ʲôҪʲôȫ֪ˡ
ϲˣЩǰСϳݵģãЦöˡ
ֻݱ޵ϲãƺδͣãͻһҲм̾Ϣ
㵹ǻ˵Ǵ˼ҵү飬ʦ
Ҷٷֻ䣬ǲ˵Լ˵ЩʱȻȻԣƳһ˵ĵӲѰ֮£
㲻ͷμңȻúáǶʮһ꣬Ҳϲˣᷳ
ҶٷԽѸһתµԼĪĸߵľʶǵ˲ˣŻ˵Ļ
ôأҶٷæϣɽ궼һ컨Ӵ⸴ڣ˭Ҳ˵껨ȥкβͬ˭ָ˵ɽˮ羰ǻῴ˵ģ
֪û˿ɽˮ˵ģ
Ҷٷ΢΢һЦǱȻΪɽˮɫ̫̫ˣǿ֮ԼʮһղͷͿԲſɽˮҲᡣ
أеһƣԭžҺƿһΣ͵ֱ̧˵ҶٷЦȥҲǡ
ãҶٷ类öЩëҪ̲ס˻ˣǲջߣһɨֱ˵һá֡
Ȼַɿزһ䣬Ҳǻˡ
Ҷٷ磺
ȵȣҸղǲ˵ʲô˵£ôܸоҪֳ
֪Ҷٷıʵֻ˵֮ҰܣȻʲôòÿɽˮܾÿˡôͳ˻˲ŸҾÿ
ŭߵǺηˣ밲Ϣɡ
㣬ܲǲΪҪҽױЩҲԣҴΪҵҩҲúúɲС
лˣҶٷϲæʩһ񣬡һȫϣްԹԣ
ңЦһΪȻС죬ĳҪʮ֮һ𡭡
ĳˣȻŵܿͻ˵Ǹù
ƼҶٷ˼ֹģϸüһô⣿
˵ʹݵһ̣Ҷٷʶػһݣæ˰֣ɰͰ͵Цתƻ⣬װʲôҲû룬ɽʱšÿζҩ˽𣿡
ЦЦǵǡ
ŶҶٷ¶ͷ
һʼġǲһûϢǿָ߾˷ܹͷε˻Ҫȥȣ鷳ɴ͡


103 
Ҷٷ˰ΣôҲ벻ףԼոıһЩ飬һЩúвһˣôҲڸı䵽ز̶ֱĻԵԼ
˵, 㵽ԼҲζԼܳԵȥ¹ǵ桢ʵûдôΣ, ƾԼҲһܸ㶨
ɾҲǸԼõ, ˵Լ֮, ĵصҶٷ˼ʱ䣬Ҳ, ·ֻʣºúݲƷһҪ¡
ҶٷûкȲ裬, Ҳǿģϲ, ɾһ, Ϊλ뵽½һͨʿ
˵ϸ, ִֽţһǽ¹֮, ǰֵеΪʿһһܶ, ɻǰȥĸɴܡ, Ҳһ
ڵ˿¹Ѿ˸˭̤Ĳ֮أ˵ӡУ¹ǴͿ̿Թ졣
У¹֮ģ̶֮£̶ǡǡ츳ǿΪߣ;ġų߳ߡɾУǷһΪ̶¹µ޻׽ַ
ô䵽ԼͷϣҶٷһͷˮ
ɾĴüҲЦ⣬Ҷӣδף
Ҷٷ˵һҲػش
һΪͣ򣬲ˮƽڶҼʶǳ뿪ʦŶָļ꣬ȫûӦľ顣ͣʱ㵽¹ǣҲֻʲôʲôߡʲôʲôɾһССʿĻϰһͬ
ȻЩҶٷӦɾĴǣҪµԭ
鵽飬֮ǰĶʱҶٷ֪¹֮Ǹô£׾٣ĸԴҲ⡣
ɾΪҶٷ練ԥˡ
̶ˣû߱˵ᡢĽݺڱ˵ĻԵ
Ҫǣȫ̶һõʲô˳̸лĽʡ
ڵõٶĺôΪǱǷԼȵȣ󶼵һߵУǸðơҶٷ硯֮ûôɵ£
Ϊͣ㣬ЩҶӴɲУɾ֪룬ϵһ˵ǣȻػػ¹ǵ£ҶһͬǰȥЭҶӲࡣ
ˣ
Ҷٷֱʲô²⡣
òᡭ
ʵᵽҶӣ˵ϻ۹ˣܿעⲻϸںࡣɾϻƵĽɫֱͫ
һΣصҶǰ̸
Ҷٷ磺Ȼ̶ǡ
ʲô˼ʲôͿҴϻ۹ˣ
Ҷٷޱ飬е԰ףĵﲨηӿ˼ڡ̶ԼĪǸɵӡ롮̶ڹҡ֮ҡڲ
̶һǰ¹ǣ»˵Ǻǻ
ٴ˼Ŀ⽹ʶƮɾбǽϲŵֽɡϣɡϵĺ뻨
Ѱ˵Ļתº˱ĶҲǲС̶ֻԼ֮ǰΪԼһѣǵҲǺ̶һ϶ĺûᡣ
ҡ
תת飬һգǰѳºȴǡһͲǵɾ
ʮ֮⣬λɾƺҲǸܺõǶ󣬹ˡź뷲֮ɾЩʲô𡭡ȿȣϾʱðƵġԼɾƣƺҲǼȤ¡
Ҷٷ翴ſţԥɫɢȥתΪЦ⣬ҴӦ£ɾʲôꣿ
ɾܿӦˣˬ鱦鵤ҩֲֻҪеģֲ̫֣ҶӶҪȥ
Ǿ³֮ɾһԸɡ
һΪ
̸һ˶࣬ҶٷţƤһɾв豭ֻʣһڵװʵ裬ôúȣ
ɾͷҲͣЦɽ裬ȻǺúȵġ
ҶٷǱ˵ƵģɾΪԼһʽһ¶ǣǲˮҲ֪մͷûУʹů⻬
治ƭˣҵⱭĺζ죬ü˵վͷԼĲ豭־ȥɾһҳǲǸԼ͵͵ǡ
ɾҪԼǿںˣֻڱϣ⧲ҶٷôѸһᣬǰƵһΣָűӵģֻɲǼ⡢ʶֶͱóȥ
Ŀ࣬΢ȴûҲˣƼҶٷѾԼڵĲ豭ָɵñת˸ȦۺıϣѰ˲ˮеζ
ƫƫһڣƵĹ£Ʒϸ¶ѧԼźȲӡ
Ҷٷ粢δעʱƬٻƵڽɫˮƵɢڻɾƤһĬĬֲڰ°սָѹġ
Ҷٷ湻ˣЦز豭һֺģ˵šԭҴɾʱɾһգգضϻƵƺﲻ̫һˣΨһ¶촽Ҳȳʱ˼Ѫɫ
ɾ˿գȤҶǸˮʶ̧٣ǵҶʧˡ
ˮݳﶮʲô⻰ɾ˵һĳЦζ
Ҷٷ类˵Щ˴ʶﲻסظ̣治ַķλߡ
Ȼ͸Цװȫûв˼ģɾǷȤ
ɾĿЦݣҶҲϲ
ǡ
ۿſҪӲȥ⻰ˣҶٷ绹ûüǱɾͼʱػ˻⣬Ҷӵһ£ӻߣصһд֮СҶҲصģоðߵ
Ҷٷͷɾô֪ģ
ַϢͨȻ֪ĶһЩ
˵գͽѾдõŵ˹ȥ
ãСһ׮һΪɾ͵
Ҷٷ棬ɾҲֱԵʵһЩԼơзĵҩ֮࣬Ҳôٽٽַ⡣
ԭҪЩֵֹĶǣ֮⣬֮С
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