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ƾͿǸùҹ͵ڿӡ
ֱĳһ죬Ȼ֣ԼҲĶ󣬺񲢷õǡ
һͷϻޡ

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ưhe
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1 
˳ϸݵָǹĦƬֶ̣ϡ
Ů˴˸Ƿһҡߵϴ̨ǰ
šˮͷᲦŪ룬Ƶ᲻𾢡

Ů˴Ӿпߡ
ôˣ
һЦ֡
ãѡۣ졭
δеıתΪ֣
ʲ
֮ļ漴ںƴŤȥץȥٶԷ֣ƽձ˵ޢ۶ϣѪӷ϶ֲ˭˿ڡ
ɣֻԷ׼ĻӦ
ŮʶŴͣ
㼱ĿԼĽ̡
ƽʱһЦߵݴ˿ŤһϷذ֮ʣһͷ㱲סԼӵԼոնڴϵ˯ۡ
Ǽ˿ۣϸ±֮ϲúܣ
Ь߿屻ߣڵذʪۡ
סûаϧ֮ģּ˼
һ˶ԣڷַ֮䡣
˫ֹͣŶ
̱ڴϣȴԲֱֱ컨塣
Ŀ

²ŪԼϵĻױƷ
˫úʿӵѩ֮ԥ죬̲סʿ
°װƿšʱЩɬĨϵ˱ܿĥһ˿ᡣ
žеԼҲ֮
ԣֻǧҹƽһҹ
ҹΪһ˵ĵ΢仯
ˣ㣡
ٿػͷֺܿŤץԼԶδĵࡣ
򿪣Ťžϸɫ
½ٻ򵽵ü춼ûá
ĴЦ߽
ٹôѽ
žĿһɨҿһģͶֵȥˣ
ֿΣ˵ֺֻˣ˭ϲϧٻ˵㣬ôε㹻ˣҲ֪ĳӣҪʮʮ꣬ɵҲҪȥĿ
ƲƲ죬û˵ʲôֻŶ꾵еԼ
촽棬ӡױݾµľݡ
ӦûᷢĲһɣ
˵䣬ƳԱŮ
ʲôһȥٻѹã
Ů˿ǰոӦƸŮ̫أҲû̫ೡ档
˭ĳ𣿡
˴ƹĻȣ߸ЬڵذϲȳĽɡ
û£ҲǴһ䣺
˿ֻһŬӦ߸ЬĲʡ
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ˣ賡öˡ
ʱȱľɼƮƼ
룬ŮǺܲġ
˿а֣Ҳǽ賡֮ģ
ټϺ̲Ȼûš蹬󶼻ᡢάҲЩ賡ȣҲС߲ܣ˵Ľײ㡣
Щط߷Ǹ󣬲һѵġ
˿Ŭһܵѧ´࣬Ҳʣ಻ٿ
˿ܿͼСֻ˵١
ԷһҺɫʱһķֻͣûĨͣˬ
粢档
˿һĹӸ磬Ҳӻ֦չĿȸ
ͷһ֪һ㹻ÿʲô޹ؽҪΪܽƽѴƽĸо
϶˿װװ˵ģǧһ޼
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˿ֵСһɹȥ߸Ь¾Ȼӯĸо
ϹЦݣ¿֬ϴμƯ˰
Ȼ־ϲ㷢ˣ
٣ԶͿˣ촽δ
ĵǵ³ɫϺֻٻۣȥ˺þõĶˣ
߹ȥסٵĸ첲ߴߴ˵
˿򱻴Աߵˡ
賡Ϊġ
ֵ£˿ЩξнԷ׾ӵ貽
ܿ˫ľ룬˿е֪ȫ࣬ʵǽֵһ죬˽г˼ͬźͺѡ
˼òҲһ⻹»ǻԵĶԱȡ
˿Ŀ⣬סٴ賡ƹ׷ǵӰ
úܺá
貽ý
ûĨ͵ķ˿ڲŲԾ
һһ£˿ȻŮġ
ĿڶԷ۽ǡ
ǣһ˿˲ؿըӺۣɰһ޶Ŀ
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˿һȻһŰõС
ͷ賡ŵȣȥ賡ĿҲ̾ĵĿˣҲøŮһƿƣСѡ
ЩµģҲһǧ𣬴Ů֣¾Ƶ귿䣬Ԣݲؽ
˿ͷһؿŮ˵ġ
𾪵飬ȴڿʱƽˡ
˿ÿ⣬Ҫ˵Ҳ
һϡ
˼ȴɿ˿֣ȥ
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ײײĸ첲˼̧°ͳǰ˵㡣
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ͺΪ˼ưû·Сײһ£Ͱ˸һ٣ߵʱһȳһգͦҵġ
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˼ٺһЦôᣬһʲôһ飬ҲǾ˾ھܶӵв㾯ٰˣ̨أ
ľʲǫ̂ҾһԵС죬ҡ
˼У㣡ȻҹȥҲһ٣ô
üȻЦиõķӡ
ͺӶԼܲ⡣
ͶϲԶ
ڶԷѾпˣֲ֪˵óȻǰ
˭֪ϺԻһͻײĳҹӸ죬Щ˶ǻͺǵġ
Ѱ˸ᣬͺץסȥ;ƵӦСѣѯʶԷ˵
ڵ̡֪˼ȲʲôͣҲʲôͷ֮ģԷȥ
̨գջƣһ
ͺذ̵ݹȥֲЦˣ콭ľ飬һа԰顣
Է϶ͻ˳ƽ˾ɮ濴棬ƯŮҪˡ
ķչȴȫϡ
˼ӹ̣Ȼһ
ǲ㣿
ͺ㶣ЦɣҾ̨ͦġ
ˣȥǸһŲҰͨ
˼һĴȣĸ첲򣬻ǲһģһ
´Ͻе񡣡
ͺŭʲô߰ģջԣˣɽԣͨʲôϵҾ˾˭֪𣡡
˼һ˾гǷҲûϵǽֵľ죬ͷλ̨һˣҪǲ޹Ȼͻͷˡ
˵ץ϶ԷͭҪ˿ϡ
ͺ־ŭ뵽ԼûϣƯŮûϣԼ׽ȥˡ
Ҿ˾ǻܶӵĻ֪𣡻ץˣСͷǶˣģǵĹҲ̫ˡӴ
ϥһߡ
צĻͺǰ򵹣ðţžһ£ͭܽӴ˼̧ͷĻͺֿЦ
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¹ܻͺǾֻܾģǰ˿һѵ˾Ͷһ壬ѲɶԷܸǼƽϣ
ͺĿϾͷ屻סˣͻɲͣ
˿סˣҲȰ˵ó˼Ǹӣ¡
ֱӴԱһͺֵĴһ
ع鰲
ˣҪϵ飬ģǷģǲԩһˡ
賡˵ֶ꣬Գ˼ˣȻȥɣҵȻߡ
˼尡
СԼһˣ˵߾ܵǶദһɣ
೯ЦЦߵϺˡ
˼սǰѹٵ˹ݣתߣ
ûһ٣ٶûУ
˼٣ҲˣʹŻͺ⿴衣
ϲӬƵĻ֣٣Ͻ
˼ЦҲźû˿ദˣקŻͺ뿪
ˣڿʼǱ˴˵ʱˡ
ʿ֡
֪СǷһ
֮Ц
Ŀע޷άֶá
йʱڣһССɧ
ӭȥǼ賡࣬ܿ۷ɫÿǿջЦǳ
׿¶˿˵ֳ켣ˣһ֪ˡ
˴
ͺƣǲĴ
˺ŮԣȴΪԷóһ·Ծ˿
ǰ߱Ŀ˾죬׳󲶣һġ
עģȴˡ
һˣһǻˡ
˴žĸ߽׾١
ͷϺ̲ģǲһࡣ
˳ֵĵط򵥵ø
λĻˡ
ñڹӰ֮֯䣬ģȴߵ֮̽ġ
Ȼ΢΢̧°͡
漴¶ڵƹ֮¡
ܶ漴﷢һ̾̾ܿΪԷ壬һʱֲԼղ̾òԵʡ
Ҳͣ貽ŶԷȺԼķ
еţʼԺԼѲļ䡣
΢΢ۡ
ƤЬڻӵذϲȳǧĪƥеơ
ľսȻҲûз֣˵ʼնϡ
ȻЦһ
ⲻĹ񵵴Σȥź蹬ôСط
Щɻ
仰Ǿʶ
֮ңȴԡ
δ壬˵ˡ
ˡ
ĵɫ΢΢һ䡣
ȻԱߵĸ߼ٵǻ㡣
лҪ˵Ƕˡ

ԭʱΪɿһӳ٣ڲˣ


2 
Ҳ
ѧͬѧ
Ҳǡ
Ůѡ
ǵʱȫУͬѧĿеİ¹ɰ롣
ǰģҲϲ
ƴ˻һѿ˵ܣԷڿЦ
˫ֵһ̶Ŀת࣬аӿ̽ķӦ
ʲôʱ飿ʵ
ûлشԷΪ˲ԼлƲⰸҵ©
Ҳ˵Ŀ˿Ķˡ
ࣺ°֮Ҿ䣬ʱȥˣԵҵ֤ˡ
ƵʬСʱǰֵģ˲ֹСʱҲǰ참ľ죬ʲô¼ڹʱ˵
˵óһԱߵ󾯹١
λǹ羯񴦵ʷ˹ʱڲμһ˽˾ۻᣬΪҶǾʶҲͬʷ˹
ﲻǹ磬Ҳǹľ񣬴Ҫҵ˾֪
ʷ˹ĺǰɣʱѾܹĴҲȥ֪ͨ˾ģڸһ˰ɡ
һֵƣھҲǸ
Ѳƺһзٶͻס
Ĺң˾϶ǹ
ɫףŵò֪롣
Χס򣬲ôΧȦ
ҹѳɶ
ơ
Ŀ䣬ζ
࿴Էָ߸ϵ룬ר̹Цġ
עԲ˶ˡ
వԼ´γǰһҪȿ

˵벶Ϻв;֮䷶
˵֯ȥѲιѧϰѾ൱֮ǰˡ
־˵Ѳģ·Ĺơ
ûȥι۹Ĳ
λڹ緱شբɱǸСƾֺöˡ
Ӷµġ
Ѷʵĵطǰ
סְַҵ
࣬ˮ裬ࡣסʮšĿǰڽֵ
ͽ죬
ϰ࣬ϻؼϢ
˵ϸ㣡
ࣺ°ĵңԼȥ¿ȹݣﶺһСʱȻؼҡ֮ǾҲûм桭
ȵȡ¼ڹľǹйŮһСʱ
һ
˵ˣʱĵ㣬컯գǬ˵ȹȹҲӦˣôܽййŮ
üǳ⣬Ŀװϣȴһ¡
һ۸񲻷Ƶ޴£ɫ
ͷװ˲٣Ӹӻкܴģ˵ɫ
һԱߵʷ˹ƣûעԼɤӵˣˣƶ죡Ȼأ
ȻҾȥҹĩ˻ؼҡ쵱ȥ衣
죺ѧͬѧǻǣ
ࣺǣʱŵԣȷǡ
죺ȴ޸Ԭ֮Ԭ
̾˿ֵܣĶȥˣ㿴ֻἢʳѻ鸾ŮֵֻҪҹָʮ󳡶ƯŮţӻֽŵ
棺⣡
ôܿͬУŴԼҾķϣҲΪʷ˹Ա߿ţֱ̫
ࣺ󣬵ԼңûȥǲӶ˹ԴǿУҾȥأҲذɡӦѾʹԬˣǵ֤֤Է顣
죺ʲô
ࣺ޷˵úܲ⣬¶һǲơ
죺ѵûйΪʲôҪһߣ
ࣺҲá
죺棬˵ʲô
ࣺ˽ûӦ
ˡ
ԬҵʱǳʢҲ䶯Ϻ̲кܶ˼¡
պĴԬȨ֮ԢϺϥֻһӣǾԬ
ԬȨʱѹ˲֬࣬ЩƸԬ˵Ԭӵɽɽġ
ԬҲϺ̲ĻӣϷӣǳ˫ԡ
ϵĽɽɽڼ֮ڣӻ߰˰ˣԬ֮ϣȻҲһ׮ĺ¡
Ԭ˶ɳǻԾĽʻճöȣȵŵʱѷɫγ
һŮˣȻɱԼ
ңس˽ľĻ
ſڽΣڶذɣ
ʼ磺Ҫҵģʵ˵ѣ˵ҲԬѻƬҾδкγ棿
ԷҪʣȻԱһȣعپţϽֱͦѶ
Ȼأ
ࣺģ˵˰ǰѧʱ飬񲻴ãȥ
죺Ԭݵ˵ԬԬſڷִ
ࣺԲλ࣬ұΪȻҲ˳ۡ
첻㣡
޹˭ں㿪Ц
죺ִ˶೤ʱ䣿
ࣺǵˣаСʱɡ
죺Ȼȥ
ࣺȥФݳ档
죺뿪Ԭݼ㣬صҼ㣿
ࣺ뿪İɣصҴҹʮһࡣ
쳰һݶСʱ˲ʮɣ
̾˿ֵܣûԹǼҵĴͰɣζҸϰʶһڣӣףŵȥţ⣬㶹ƤƬ
˽ܽջؼңƨɻδȣͱ¼ڹûԣһԹ
Էζ˵úǰиڵĹ¯ŸʽĻˣĿˮʼϷڣۿҪĳ֡
ͣ
˽ŭҲ˵СʱԻ
ͷǱ߳Աģҹкϡ棿
˽ܣ˭Ϊ֤
ࣺФϰФάǰФҹһʲ֪ˡ
˽ܣ˵ФݣǲǺͨ·һң
ࣺ
˽ܣҹ賿㣬ͨ·һլŮܣͬӶ˱ߣǣڵݣǷָһ߱յĿģʬ壬⣬Ӧþ˵ϰФά
ָںȻס
ܰɣȻ
Ķôɵ£
ʶԾˡ
һʼΪⳡѶֻй¡
ҲпƵ֪ڶǰԷйʷ˹Ϊһ
ڿˡ
ˣǰҪ˽
໹ɷԬĿִ㶯֡
˿Ĺϵ˵ǣ壬϶Ҳôġ
˵˲ֹСʱǿǸ¡
ʱ䣬СʱȲڼңҲ
ФݳҹϰϹ٩
ϰˡ
û֤ĻǷʵ
Ϊʲôң
໺ûɱ˶ɱͼʲô
˵ơ
˵˽ֻһ֮ʡ
ʵҲпǷ˽ͬ⡣Ԭ󻹸֮һܣ뿪ԬݣûԬݣ˵ʰϸ˽ˣܾ㣬һŭ֮£ʧֽ
̾˿Ҳͬѧˣǰôû֣㻹˵Ϲͣ
ƵǺƲ⣬ңǻһҪķ֡
̧֣㷽˵㲻Ǿ죬ֻΪʶŸʲôʰӵģ
Աߵʷ˹漴ǾƸĹʣԲⰸѯ顣
ࣺ
һƸİɣ
ʷ˹ûķ̣վƵļ
һе£ͽˡ
Ŵ򿪣ٶȹϡ
ǰڶλãδԼгһҲɷ
һ顣
ʱӦФˡ
ƣӣڹ磬Զ֪ȣԬ϶ֵܿĿʷ˹죬ǸְĽ򣬾֣ҲȰ㣬ԣʵ
ࣺղ˵Ҫ֣ʲô
ƣµҴ̨ϣһҽŽӡ֤һֻѥµģҳ롪
Ьӡ
˽ܻǰϵƤЬǴװֳӡͼƬգƵͷ
ƣܲңúһ
ʮǰһ죬ûܸܵ㼴ϲãԼ׹һԾ֮С
ң޵Χסܲ͸硣
лҪ˵ңҲ
ϺãԷ˰ɣҹʲôûóԣҿǰҹ


3 
ȷԼǱݺˡ
벻ͨΪʲôѶԼϡ
ֻһְ껹ƽƽС죬ÿȵ㱨°࣬оСҳԵģǵȥϷ衣
˿ڣ͸ˡ
ุĸ޳Թ
ңѻ飬ǸͥŮ
ئοԱʹôһ˳۵ͬ£ҲһȦͨݺ޵Ĩ
û˵Ҳûд
ڱ˭Ķá
λƣӴӷ϶ĺѶѹΣҪѼϽǵůߡ
ʹľ˽ܡ
Ѿǰˡ
Ͷ˵һӣֱӳȥҹˣŶԷļǮ͡
ҡ
һ̫Ӱӣ⡣
ʷ˹ԹչʣƻԱ߶š
˽ܲǺλľְλʷ˹̬ԼûǲҪԷ

пս棬˽ȴʵڶܲסˣأʵ
ƿһۣߡ
ûû£˽ܿûߣߣ
תࣺˡ
ࣺ
ƣһϣꡣ
ࣺҽ취ҵġ
ƣ¹شһܱȥֻиǺ̹׽ſ·
ࣺһֱܺͻȻµĿģΪѡҽ㣿
û˵
˽ܸоԼʲôģϽ̧ͷյĵƣһڵĴȡ
ճ¯ļȣãˮֱڹڶˮ飬ڼϣһҧȥ㹻ζ١
˽ȻǾ죬ҲǷڲжٷʢĳԣǹǰ⼸죬Ҽһٲ˶йƷ²ǼȣǸó¯׸⡭
ţ龹ˣһʱû˵ʲô
Ҳˡ
û˽̧ͷơ
ΪƿپãҲɼȡ
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źĹûṩʲôϴɵĹؼΪͬѧҺ㣬Ϊ
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⿴˼Уʣ̧ͷ
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ǣʲǩ֣ͼһ󣬺ܶǰˡͬѧϣһ㽻飬ܻһҹ
߳Ѷҡ
ӭԬ˴һѶ
Ŀԣԩ·խ
Ԭһ˹
⧲ס
Сӡ
š
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ֱת֮£ԬסСȹǰʹУڵϡ
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һѻƬˣ˹ô󣬵һ˺ݾĿ⣬ԬûϹǣҲ˵úˡ
ʼٸѾ㵽ȥˣһ²ؼ
Ԭڵ|˵Ļ˵
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Ԭү⣬һҶ֣仰
ģ⹷֣ɱţ޻ң㲻ú
಻Ϊ⣺Ԭҿ㻹ýûѻƬ飬öܣ
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ʺͷŭھֻص˽ܶס̾˿
ԶԶһ棬ڶԷǰ
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±ֲղʷ˹࿴˽ܵȻҪûֺһ¡
ƣǵĹ
˽ܺٺһЦ⡭
ˣǱ̨ǣǮ͸ǮȻʲôҲûС
ϺԶģ䷶ⷱͬǲɹ
Ͼ峯ڣҲŸոչȥʮꡣ
ǾͲһȻ

ԼǾ죬Ȼ֪ʲô
һש߷ǽ̦ѷ죬հ߰ߡ
¿СǾǽеĹԴпɿһ˿ϣҲԲ˷Ѹˣֻζ˯
˶ߣӲʯϰ͹ƽһ㵾ݣҪʱϴõû죬˾ͶòˣЩطһЩȲо
嵹ůͣϻźĴ£ϸմٻģ괩棬ͻˣû뵽ó
䣬ʪ谵Լӡ
ļͬС졣
ڰͷϸϸģﴫԶʱʱޣ׾پܹĿ־塣
ΨһĹԴͷܵ͵ĵƣЩ΢ĹǵûܲůӳùӰӴɭѲ⡣
վηſڣɧζʪԥһ¡
ôһƣͰƽȥ
һ
ʵ㰡
һ䲻ôصľ棬Զ
ηһ硣
ڣϸһηˡ
Ȼڰ۾Ӧ࿴Χ
ԭˣȴܽŴ΢⣬ϸ
ϸƤˣͦߣǿ׳һǳףƽʱҲûܹʲôĴү
˽˼ΣȺߵİӣҹө棬ֻûд۸Ұҡ
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֪ҰҪȷ㣬Żᶯֻ֣Ҫ΢΢һڰ˫۾ܿߡ
ͷܱؽˣɲԬɷ
ӵ֮ͽӿɹƭɱ˷Ż۵߲죬ֻг׶ݣͻ˲ܻȥ
һ紵ıе
̣ûס
죬ͷ˸СС硣
˳ȥӵʱ򣬼Ȼһֻ֡
δüӦ֮ʣѾݺݱţ
һ죬ײĶڿտļص̶𺳡
ԶԼܹĽŲܿ۷ȥʧ١
ֵطֻҪֳһ㶼ܡ
ֳֻҪûйӲݱҲδؾкصĺ
ݽ棬ԶĳУˡ
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4 
Сͣſڵʱ򣬻ָͣҹʮ㡣
˾Сǰ򿪳š
ҼպȻһһĨѩˮ
ڳǰƵ£ϸϸѩſŷе磬ѩν˾ʶС졣
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Сܣ
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ƿÿԷѿڶ㣬ôˣ
Цô뿴ңŹʹعˡҲȥϾ͸ɴؼҿ
ƣϾнڣ춼ϯǲϲģ
Ʋ죺ϲͷϲȥûϾ֪СЩ׹һѣҲûȤźǻؼʹ˵ˣЩΪ׮϶ʶΪ˶ˮ
ƵͷǸƢ
Ҫֿ;Ϊָס䡣
˻һ㣡

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֣Ұ˵ӣߦ棬ʲôͰ棿
ƣͰ档
һڣСû
˵ȴϲȥ׼ˡ
Ͱúܣ͹ȿֱжαɫٽ𣬾Ϳ԰ܵĴȥ
һɴ˳Ϊд󲿷ְյ룬ٹˣ䣬Ī⡣
ֹ˴Ͱ档
ϻ㹽С
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Ƴǣ˵õҹҲҳ
Ӷ֣֮԰ѴͰǰ
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һۣǰȥѧѧפ⣬һ˵ȥ֪ģ˵ʹݣ֪ģʧ޵Ĺݣ
Ʋ죺ôҲǴһ棬Ͼûô
Ц棿ϾòǵĹʣϰǷڻδЩҵ׵ģпתӪЩҾƶģ¶𣡻ʹɣÿ꣬컨ͻ©ˮǰ칫Ҿ͸˵ˣǻģزϣܻãŪǽһȦذ嶼ʪģһãͻᷢù˵ҪطɣнǷĶľѣ
һʼûͣģ
Ĭ֮ʡ
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ˣһнʣ߾ѣϾǱ˵ѣԼ뷨ӳ룬Ҫ˵⹷ƨ⽻ٲҲգ
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ǲãǻعǰӢʹһᣬҲȥˣʱǸޣȻ棬ͣˣΨйʹڵ겻ͣһǲģ
Թԣ˿ûгǰĳ־ˡ
ƣôصģ
˵δ̫ƽйϲӰ˼ΣʱԼǿѣܶΪЩʵ¡
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ƣⱾǷʽϵһ٩⻼ҲԹ˿ᡣ
ǾȥϾģͷ紵򣬳ԲůϾǰȴֽԣȥ̲֮סˣ;˳ڼģȥ֣ѡ
±ԹһѣҲ꣬ϾǷҪ֮Ҫһ˻֪²ܼ档
ˣÿӴ֭ˮ硣ȥ裬ңǵðɣͬѧĽ㡣
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ƣҼǵǰǽͦõģ
Ц̫˽ŮˣѹһͷѹһͷĽ飬
½ۣαı潻顣
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Цìô㣬ֲ
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ȥ˾ҳһˡ
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Ѿ΢ֵĻӡ
ôˣô
˽ûϴΰͽĻϲǿޱȵس
񼡣
İӣ뵽һЩϸڣҪѯɷҰ
⡭˽¶Ϊѡ
ƣôУ
˽ܣôˣҹģҪɣôɷ˯þҲһЩǣ
ѲԴӷֶΣࡣ
Ȼûۼ֪󲿷ġ
ҪһֶΡ
ģģУãܵġ
Ҳ֪Ѳʱӷ˿ˣʰְҹġ
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ˡ
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ȥᣡ
лҪ˵ˣͰ׼ʱϡ
µˣвõӪҺҹ~
лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~



5 
˵ĵطнҲǷɽɵġ
еͷСǮᱻصȥȻҲò˶٣벻۸
׮е⣬ڴ󰸣ʷ˹Զ죬ƻѲҲûֽţֱӰӷҵһӡ
ҵ֮ƸѾû档
ȻǵãǸ̴̵֣Ҫסõꡣ
˵ڲˣһ˿ڹĺܶϰǺѸıģֻԣĥټ˽ֹı飬󣬽Ǹʲô
ʹԼǾ죬ͬһϺĺֹһ֡
ʮǰһҸһǩµĲƽԼ
֮֮ء
˵ĽοԱϺгҲδسԵÿ
ùζ˷ӿǻ·뽫ÿһ˶ʴڻڴ˴
˽ѾϰˣûƴӿڴסӣҲû²ۣΪѾ߬סࡣ
ǰвĶҲԽԽ
һڳܶŹ
ƿ˽һۡ
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˽ܻŻŵЦûʲôЩӷ̫أҪӲɣֺڣҲˣ
û˵ֻǽŲЩ
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Ľ䣬Ÿʽ̬
ЩΪС͵Сˣδؾϲ͵ˣпΪʵʵڹȥ
пŽ䲻䰲ˣƳ˲䣬ͶĿ׹⣬ǱȻɱ˼Ѫ׷
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Էǽš
һװӵչޣһżȡ
ǰ̯һƲŤŤմ˺ڻҵľֱдϡ󡱺͡С
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Լҹͻһ⣬һǳԱ˳ŵġ
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϶ȲϼĴ˯ʱԼ֨֨죬ڿͷ
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뵽洫һŲ
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ԷЦ֤ݣ׵֤ûУֵ֤֤ݣС
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ݲ࣬һǶдʫ˵Լֲü˼֮顣
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Ѷ֮˫۶סһͷοסͺӥԷƬ˼
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ࣺ˵Ԭ˴̾ʹʹ֪࣬ô죬ҽ顣
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ࣺ֪ȻûӦֻǽУˡ
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Ѷߣô˵Ҳп⣬ӦȻĳЩִɱֻæӡ
Цˡ
Щǵܲ⣬˵ǱʲѹûִӺζļ⣿УɱߣôôԵĽӡ
Ѷߵͷǡ˵ɱ˴ʱ⣬ɱ֮Ų·һʱ֮ûôࡣ
ࣺϰôͣΪݺң⽫ҵĲڳ֤Ҳˣ֤Ҳ𣿡
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ĬƬ̣ȻҪҵļ˺ʦҪ뱣͡
ѶѲһ־ڱصõǿơ
ˣҲǣ֮󣬿©һϢئҲΪ̰ܻߣոմӼбߣһţ¹˲ˡ
üһ
أº̸
ûˡ
ԷҡҡͷվŵѲ
ϣط
лҪ˵ࣺﾺ棬ôң
ƣǺǡ




6 
һϦ֮䣬Ѳ̬ȷ츲ء
ʱ˶ûô
˽ǸӣȻв£ﻰⶼأϻ˶֣˵ǮʹĥҲöԷͨڡ
˯һ֮ȫˡ
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Ѻȥģ˽ܡ
۸Ҳнˣ͸Ҫȥ
˽û˵๴ˡ
಻Ϊ⣬ůʵƽЩᡣ
ο˽Ƽˮ꣬ȻָԷжĽ顣
룬Ҹɱˣͷϴԩǻۣ֪ͬҽ㲻֪ǹסİɣ㲻˵ǻסϷôͲǻ
˽ܱģ̲ס䣺򶼱ץȥˣæôµ㶼ѱͱˡ
ĳʲôҲ֪̰ܻߣɴСҽǸʵˣȱ˵ܸ£ǱݺˣᵱοԱͷѵû룬϶Ϊϴɡ
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˵˽ܿҲɱ˷׺òȻﷸô
и⡣
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ˣ

Сʱ˽ܾòˣԼˡ
վſڡ
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ҪΪݺô˽Ҳðŷ;ţӦؼҿһۣͬѺ͵ˣһֻ۱һֻۡ
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ǾԼ
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ǰʺõģȴԭء

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ң棬ǿǿսһЩȴ䲻һѳܱסһһҹۻ֮ʹԼϲ䡣
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˯ţǷŻɱȫˣǵøҹȥ
еϻˣԭķֺ֮󲻸ڣΧ߰ȦڲϣȦסһֻܻǹʱ׼ƻһ١
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ڻڡ
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лҪ˵ңͬѧӦӵģһЦЦһ
ƣǺǡ
ࣺǺǡ




7 
˵仰ͬʱĿû뿪Ƶ
ԷķӦȴϡ
¶΢΢ľȡ
ΪʲôôΪ
಻ʣۿʬԲ鿴ǵȷǶ
˼Ƭ֮󻺻ڡ
Ҽǵã󿿽ĵطһö룬ѧʱЩŮͬѧЦ˵عɰУǰгˤһӣϥǺ°̺ۡЩҶˡ
·ֵüͷ
ƣΪʲôŻʣ
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ࣺ㲻ϸߣҾԼߣߵԶԶģĺǣɱڡ
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಻ˣΪڱأ
ƣȻǣС󣬾˵ö࣬٣ȻԼĴȴδı䣬ȥѧˣԬңҲˡ
ࣺƾ仰Ȼܡ㻹ǲǵãҸ˵ҪһʲƲұܣⱻԬߡ
һûΪʱ䡣
Էڴʱٶ𣬱Ȼ֮ǰ©ûݡ
ȻʱһŲ嵥ҪתƵĲƲ棬˵ıʼ
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ࣺ˽ȥԬҵʱֻһ޵ģڸŮӶԷʶ֡
ƣҲ˵һˣڰıߣ뿪Ԭҡ
ࣺԸûƾһˣǾ뿪ԬҵġǰԼҳֻ֪ԹߣֱΣʼ˽ֱó嵥ұܣѭ򽥽мƻⲻġ
Ƴԣ㻳Ϊ֣˵עȻû˽
ࣺųԡ
ƣôҪΪβ˵
ࣺΪֵʱʵ̫ˣ޷ȷǷйء
ƣ㻹ôΪ˵ڵĴ൱裬ҾΨһǸΪ㿪һ·ˡѵͲΪҳףȪ֮µĿô˵ҲǸù
಻˵ˡ
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ܾǰ໹ӵġ
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ȻЩǺ˵˵ʵҲĸ˲Щ½Ĺ£
ϲϣȴܻվΧװ·һ䡣
Ⱥ֮УԶǱ׷Ľ㣬䣬ɷּ֮дһ⣬˫۾ЦʱҲЦüɫʱ͸
󣬺޶־ùҹ
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ʱȥ㰮ԵĲҲˣҸ̾˵㣬
ɨһۣЦ㣬ô˻㣬ڼԷûôʢ
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ԭûģңʢȭȭҲδڶİϸյĴ𸴣Ӧһ˳ժ´Χ
ԣӶϹȡ߷źãȿǰó黹
С֮ҵӶ˺˴ϸڲѿҵķ⡣
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ңղǰƾҳԹʱҲ³ΥϤζң飬ԵĮ
ƣĶ߾أ
ңҨһ뼦˳
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ң۾һݹѽУѧУǲҲ֪Ůʦ
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ЩʲôŮѽûδģͬѧˣҲûҪ󣬾ɼңŮҲòŴ󸻴ֻҪƷ׾ͺˡ಻㣬ھְͬŶеģΨһŮ˾ӷҪԼңƵʮô
࿪ﲻɣһΣ㣬ÿ˳Զٰɱˣ
ƣûϵ㣬ѧУŮʦ࣬ʶ˶࣬ͷæһ¡
ңüЦӦá
ƣô㣬ӦѾɼ˰ɣʲôʱҲѵϱһԸûУһ˵ĳջǿõóֵġ
ЦЦδ˶ɵңǲż
룺㣬㿴ԼûȢףɫⲻϹӵô
ң̾˿ĺӵҲԸ׷Ůӣ϶ܴ̲ŵձֻ࣬վڴߺȶûҪ
ࣺ
ĺƾòյزʰο˵ͷŮӣûѣ㣬̫ˣҪ˳Ȼ
ңƲƲ죺ҴһŮ˵Ҫ飬Ҿллˣ
̲ס²ۣϴλ˵ֻҪҿϽ飬һŮҲˡ
ңݺһۡ
֮󡪡
ƣ֮ǰ꣬ôһȥûѶˣ
꣬ŷѧ꣬ȥһЩҡ
ô˵ȫŷ޵㶼˵
ǫҲûУӢķ˵һЩĺֻ˵䣬֮ûǸԻòˡ
ңܽѧ飬ǼͲˣĶ˵
ࣺ
ˣƾǸڼԶĺӡֻҪڣԼעܰһٷ
㣬Ҳô˵ϾǴС˵ģͻȻȥ˹⣬϶᲻ϰߣһȥ˺ü꣬һҲ˵ģͰ͡
Ʋ죬ʱΧ
˵Ҳԣͬ󣬿϶ñȺõģıȣҪһãҲòųˡ
ңôôãɫᣬԼҵܵʱԱ
ʱͺܳɫڲǴұҵ֮ͬͬͣغܿгͷ֮յġ
ƿο¿ˮ̵һ޿黹ͦ
лҪ˵ܣ˫һ¡




8 
һٷ꣬೤ɿ
Լ治ڼ䲻
ңҲܲɢζճͰȥϴ衣
ϴɾ㣬һͬѧԷҲ˼
ңק¥ϣѹ
ʵ׸ʲôȥˣΪʲôһֳ
޹ûʲô׷ӷˤһӡ
ңһŵı飬пڣʹ˴ţû׷ȥ
룬סʣ㣬ûк˵ʲôѴߵʲôˣ
ңɻ󣬶š
ûУôˣǲʲô£
ţںͷͬڶˣ˸ץˣҾ˳һ½򡣡
ңңû°°ؼõúܣȥϴԵص⡣
ࣺˣȥϴˣȻĻѧĸУ
ģңקסС˼ڻôãҾҲΪͬѧֹ㣬飬ϽһԺ˵ϱҪưæģ
ࣺܰææڿӰɣһĵϱ
ңҪһʧԡź
ԡĥ˿һСʱųȥ
ƾȻҲһֱԭǸλţƶûô鿴һ㲻ͷ
ҪȱˮٳҹİɣҪˣϢһٳš꺮ůػ
ҪûѶһΣ໹öԷͬѧ
һ˯͵üСʱô˼õȣ
޷ʱ˳Ҳ϶ġ
ңû֮İӿӦͣһ
ֻԷ֮в
Ŀԣ˶ӶԷɫԲԣαƤЦⲻЦ

ͷ˴ͣżеȴɽᣬûûڵֻׯ
Щ⡣
һ׮ɱӰСˣȻԬܳ磬Ҳܲݲڽ⣬ʷ˹Э£ʬ屻ʱھѲԶһҽԺԱߵı
ʱգ캮ضʬûжֻ巺Ųҵ׵ɫǰ
˷ʬ࣬ͷ쿴һʱԡ
ȴƾĬ
ѾбֽʼԬҳˣʷ˹϶ѹ˶á
Ҳףѹ£ѱΪ潻ָ֤ӷȥ
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ʱ䣬ˡ
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жٶԹڶһͬĿġ
ʬȦɫأϸϸƺû˵Ļ
˺ܶࡣ
ƶ˶촽˵һǰ󣬱仯ܲô
֪ܿԼˡ
˵ı仯仯
ǰ棬磬˵ҪȥȴûеӸʵ֡
һǵһأѧУɽһֻ䵥ĳ񣬶ų˵Ҫĸ׹ңһȾ͵ȵڡ
ʱ·֣Ҳһͳ㻨Ǯһݣ˵Щ˱ܶؤڲݣ˵ЩҲɼ֣õǮһܽԼĿڴӳԴ飬Ҳܾһ
ʱҲдһ׺ʫʦУͬѧഫ˶˵һΪ̳ĲŮ
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Զ̵ӡǵңʱĸɳϣȴžӸµ̬ȣ˵żѾ׼Ԭˡ
ʱͶڻ⻨԰Ѽµ棬ᣬᰧؿ࣬ó˵Ѫ嶯ԸԸԼһֱӸϾϵʱ룬ʽ
񻹼ǵöĻش𡪡
ܣҲܡ࣬ҵļңҵĸĸûа취
ԣǰû뿪ţԬôٻ֮󣬸Ҫһ𡣡
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ʬֵȷղΪӵĲ²⣬Ǵġ
ƣ㻹ǲǵã㿴Ƿݲ嵥Щʼôģܷܲд
ҡͷٿһΣӦϳ
ƣ㽻֮ҾѾʹԬ£û˼ǱʲȥǰҲûκоƹ죬ӿ֮󣬾ͻԬݣֱڷ䡣
ࣺԬҲƲأǲˣ
̾˿֪û㡣ԬЩǳңϹܼǱ˲ԲϣҲ˵ЩǱԬȥӻЩǱ˳ߵġ£ΪŮˣҪֽţ׾١
ࣺǸ˿ԬҵˣҲǶʶġ
ƣȥԬ˰ɡ
ࣺԬǲǷˣ
ƣԬǰǰ¥˷ǶԬӶסѲأڰǰǲ뿪
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һ·˭ҲûпڣֱͣԬ档
ͷǼ̽ͷ̽ԵˣһǱߡ
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ԴԬԬƾӪԬҴǰԭķҲճ࣬С¥ܼͬڣֻӶŮӶһ
Ҽǵ㣬һԼҼ棬һ𡣾֪ͶϾˣӦ൱εˡһ͵
ɬЦЦҡҡͷ˸ơ
ܼҶԱ߳䵱롣
˵ĳޡ
ࣺҷ˳ǰһ죬ӿȹݻ֮ʲô
⣬Ѳ˿϶Ѿʹˣ붼룬ܼҲش÷ɿ졣
˵˿ȥߣҲûԼڣ˵ϢûҽȥţҹùţʷҪҪõҹ˻ˣ˵ãֱ磬ҲǷƽʱ𴲵ʱ䣬ȥѷˣͷֳ¡
ࣺǰûʲô׽ѣ
Ϲܼң˾磬ٵԼ˳ȥҲδ˵ʲôкѣǽһλ
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Ϲܼң˵յͬѧ˵λǰһΡ
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ȥ·ֳһ
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ˣοڵĴѩɳд¶ܿ
ȻѲʧְͷ֪˵Ҳûá
˵Ŀ鼰䡣
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ԬԼǲϲģûַκƷ³õģҲǶԼѡ
Ҳ˵Ƿַ˯ġ
ѹֶµʱԬһ֪
ͨʱѵһ㶯û𣿡
ʵǹܼҡ
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ʮͷ԰ףһ۳Ų΢΢͵
ˣ˵ɱˣƴӶܡ
ݹܼŮӶԣƽʱȥȺȲ裬ٻ˾μ̫̫ǵɳᡣ
Ҫ˵𣬶ҲǸ̫̫ǰĿ֮ŮôʹˣСӵȥˣҪɱ˵ĵز򲻿ܡ
絽Ѳ˵
ߵߣ롣
ʱǿǰ뿪ŵġ
ʶʣĶ
ƣһû١Ρڡ
ࣺǾųִǽıƺġ
һʵղǵ⣬ʹˡ
û࣬Ҳ뿴ʲô·֡
ϹܼҺŮӶؾվſڣ쿴һ飬ŸѲһ¥
ţʵʲô󷢳СĶ
ͷպƼŮӶһŲȿգ¥ϻ¡
ԷᵹҺѲֿקסǰϹܼұȻꡣ
ô£¸¥ݶ𣡡Ѳǳ⡣
ŮӶδţһ֣̿͵ػͷǿʲôȿ־
ѭķȥָղغ˵ķţ֪ʱִ
ߵɴӰ֮ѩźӶķһֱ¥ݿڡ
㱼䣬ƺиӰֻǴɴĻӰ


9 
㿴ʲô
𲻳ֻͽ͵ط֮塣
ַſ־嵽˼ĻȻ޷Աȫдڱڻɸһͣ
߬½ǣ߶´ӿڴͳȴΪ̫ţԿҲһ㵱ॴ¥Ϲ£ɢһء
ұƣͼףֻϹܼܿ
˵ʲôϹܼҲɫ
ô£ʡ
Ϲܼ£־ùġ
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ϹܼΣ˵ղſ˷ˣôܣȥ˵ģ컯յģ
ô˵ȴǽס¶ɵɫ
Ѳԥ¥ݻصǼ䷿
ﵱȻһˡ
ղûѴغãԲŻᱻ´
ɴ裬ƮҲŮӶղŲԭ
ʲôҲûУ㿴ˡ
ڹܼҺ棬ٽ
ģ߹ϵĶݹȥ
Կףں졣
æӹһûȣںֵڵذϣµµס
ȥ
ֱʱ֧ں죬һź
ҲǴĺɫлһһƣȥúǡ
ƣ
ϹܼҺͰǷǰ̣
Ϲܼʶʵһ㶣ȴеңæ㵸Ȼơ
˵֮ǰ˶ү̵ʹǰһͻȻȥôҲֲֻȥˡҲû飬ż鲻õʱһڣûҸ˵
ѻƬҲƷֺûƷ
ʱʶ֮ʿѻƬʹңжֹܽͳһֽġ
ɬߣ˹̹꣬Ǯ˼ңȻڼ
ࣺǰʲôʱ򣿡
Ϲܼң˵һǰ
һ£δ񫣬ȻҲû飬Ѿ̤Ԩĵһ
ԬʲôУ֪һ˱һͷޡ
˭뵽ѧУܸ裬ѧĽĶ³
ЩЦ·ϱӵˡ
ࣺ֬ģ
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ͷ̫̫׷ʱУԴйг򿪴֮CHANELLV֮ñױƷżʣ˴֮ҲụʱȣӿںʵݳޣԱԬ񽭺µľδеˡ
Ϲܼҵ˳ִ󷽣ʱŻҲǴͷĵġһԬҸ˼ʮӶ˰Ҫϻؼң˼µĹǮ˼͸
ȥ˺С¥һһѯԬˣϧõϢʲ
Ԭû֮ԬǵĹǮʱţ˹ܼˣȻ˼˽»˱𴦵Ļƣֻһľףͻɢ
Ҫ˵ģ˹ɱŮˣԼĪûġ
ЩণԬ˱ֹһŵòᣬѲ˷ʣͰѸʵĶ͵òˡ
ࣺԬǱô˵
֪ҪʲôҡͷʵǶʹˣַѾãƽʱסһ£һ쵽ȻҲûϼ棬·죬Ԭȥ˽¥ҤˣҲǱ߹ҹģû֤Уʱ÷ˣʲȻ
񫷸˵ˣײϣڱˮֲ裬Ҫ˵ްˡ
ࣺԬǷ˵ƽո˭𣿡
ƣС
ࣺ˭
ƣ㡣
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ΪұСұκ˸ư
ļ򣺡صԶ
ࣺԬأҼǵԬǸ壬ԬȻҲԬԬмùãʱûֳ˾ЩҲɱ˵Ķ
ƣԬáԶۣҲǵʱԬ˾ģȥѾȾϥ޶Ůûпɡ
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Ľ֣ڵ˳Ӹĸ֮ԬңѾעˡ
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Ʊ䣡
׼˵Լȥ˯䲻һɴƵķϮ˱ƴˣˤڵϡ
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ѲȻҲй죬ɫ̲סһ˿־塣
ǰ˵Լҷ˵ӰѲ˸档
Կ׸ҰɣͷҸͷ˵֡
ѲԥԿ׽ȥ
һ뵽ϻҪֵأе㷢ˡ
֪ѾԬҴ˽һ硣
ϼͿĨһʫ˿ҽǵ顣
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ˣȴһˡ
Էܾɱ֡
Фݵ𣬿ҲżȻ
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⣡¶ɱ׾˭
Сʱǰʼӡ𺳣ޣȵߵã
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ϣ
СͯüЦӱΪıֽţ
ⱨֽ𣿡ƵǮȥ˳ʵ
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Ϻ̲вС걨͡󹫱ֻ辶鹹ŵĴź޹׬ȡ
Ʃǰݡ±ƾʹû˵
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÷֮ӣеԷ٣
ͷʮ㣬˲
лҪ˵޹صС糡
ࣺ֮
ü㿴Ű졣
죬һȮȥҧƣù׷˼֣ʩʩȻȥͷѹơ
ü֮һˡ
лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~



10 
һݱֽƽǮͨ˶Բ
ʶֵĻȥ¥ֽһĥ磬һá
±С٣ҪǮȱıըţһ
ݱֽķͣò˶ãѶͻᴫϺÿһ䡣
ݣҲѹ˶Ƿ٣־ڿڣۻὫìͷָ⽫ưӺܴѹ
ѹ֮£ν֤ݣ͸ˡ
ɱ˳ǲķ
ϰ壬ްһ׮Ŷѹҵûҽ㴵ԼЩĳɾͣǲˣ
˳ִӶͳǮڱֽϣֽ۵·ؤĻ
ûв͸ǽƵӰӺϵһӦϵˡԬӶȻƳ룬ÿ춼ҪԺȣϵоְѲô࣬˭©һϢС׬㻨ϡ档
̾˿ڼڵдա
һûҵ֣Ӿͻεϣʱпսء
Ǹд嵥ϵܿߥ˽ɱڵˣͬһڵĻ꣬ʼǻңȴѰٲټ
ҪۼǷݲ嵥ҪǲĴڹôһˡ
ԼѭŶǰ켣ȥѰ˼·ûдģǣűߣڰĶ֪һʲôɾͿԽգ˳ȷˡ
ǣһ˼·أ
ԬҵӶҲûмˡ
ôҪڱܿԬ˵¼Է
ʹһ
¿ȹݣ
֮ǰζԼ
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˵Ļһ˼·׶ͬġ
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Ŷı飬ڴϺ޺ִŪý²ؤڵձȹݵĺش赲档
ͷһů⣬Ϯ
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11 
Ǵʮˡ
սţƵ
ĽŲ΢΢һ١
Ҫѣ˽ǳϦҹ
Ϊ׮ӣҲΪر㶼˽ǰңһҪȥԲĻˡ
ڼ϶ѾһӵĲˣҲѾ°ؼңΧǰΨǸλá
ûܾҵף֮춷ֻһӲð
ڻиڣȻȥھͺˡ
ȹȣֻһò͡
ǮûǮؼҹꡣ
ΪԶĳУϺĳϦйطûʲôͬ
컹δڣϾȣӰһ˲֮䣬ȫϺ˶ðһͷ
¿ȹݵǾҵֿӪҵ
ͷиһ߳ȥ
ŤͷһƼվ·ߣڸؤַ
ǲ˵λȿҪĻһϵķ弴ɣһϹˮȵģȽʡ
ǸսţӦӭӹǵñΧףֽһ磬򣬷ϲ͵
ƴԿһۡ
йѵõп˵ʹǹ磬¿ȹҲ⣬͵϶ϵͣƩ緬Ѽţ棬Ǿ˵ģ˿϶вٿ˵㣬ϰ岻һֱڲ͵ϡ
Ǵʮ𣿡ߡ
Цϰ˵ģҼһ϶ţ϶вûܻȥôиڷ絲ѩĵط˽С
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ࣺҲһԬ鲻гҲһֱʳеķղɷ򰮲ԼܷټһЩʰ쵵ĸĳЩ˵Ǻǰһ棬δ
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12 
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ϰ̾ϢǣԬпյʱ򣬻裬ġŻѾֽˣû뵽֮Ե
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ƿһۣбӵݹȥ
Сæ¼ɡ
ٲȻĿǡ
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ǿԼŤǣɫϰ塣
Ԭһν̸ʲôʱ򣿡
ǰ졣
ǲǶһμʱ䣿
˶һۡ
ʱԬ˺ʲô̬ȿƽʱкβͬ
ϰ룬ûС
ƣûвˣ򰧳ԹҲûж㱧Թ
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13 
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һ㲻һ˼סǼ˼סһ˼סһ䣬ٽʣµķȥʹˡ
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Ϻ˺ܶ࣬ѧģƵģȨģµˣҲһЩӸû⣬ȻҲˡ
ϦҹҼһڳ극ҲƤСűڡ
˷Сߺȣ̻𣬷Ե˸롣
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׵ƣٵָЩͨһЩֶƭƭɫֵܺˡ
һңӣ̾㳲Ĳ׵ؽǣСƭԺȣҵ
رЩƶӵܣһŻȥԼӴ磬ոŮ֣ǻԼɫȡ󣬱ֽŵأѾ߲ߡ
׵һֻıƲɣ
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14 
Ĵ⿴ȥÿһƬͰĽǰĽֵ
оͰոձٻٴķݡ
Фſ˽ȥܹһ
һ衣
Ǹ׵ΪԬҵǮȥնڶĿ֮˷ɳ𣬺߳ŭʧɱ˶⵹Ҳ˵ùȥ
ҲͽΪʲôסֵطȴװ۾̸ܸʫ裬޷ǶԻԷ׵õļ
򽻵֪ĴڣΪסԿФݣʧɱ֮һݣϰҲɱˣԴ㲻ڳ֤Ϊɱ֡
üëԽšԽƵĻһʱ
ԣƲи©Ұٲ׵İӣһƭƭɫĲ׵¶֮󣬵һӦ϶ܣǶɱһˣΪҡΪݱҲǼٵģÿƭһˣ»һֺʡȫİ취
߶κβȴܵФɱϰ壬ң˵ȥ
ҲһʼͰѷŪˡ
Ƶͷ
Ǿ͵ڶ衣
ⲻΪԬҵǮҲΪ˶ɫĴ
ԱͶʶʱ䣬ϵʱ䣬ǰںҲ˵ʶ֮󣬲Ҫϵġ
ࣺ˼ǣңǳ⣿
ƣܲ򵥡һҪĶɫܻθڡҲбˣҪǮҲҪˣҪʲô
û䣬ҲҶϾͼıżҵ˾Բ뵽
ԬȻǸȮӣԬǽϣҲûʲôֵñݺļֵ
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Ʒһʱ䡣
ҲУǾ˵㣬˾ȥ㣬ϤϵطբԬڱڵˣСӹû˵
˵˰ûӦ̧ͷԷȴĿת档
Զʱʱ貵Ĺâɲ֮䣬谵Ҳӳ𲻶ĹߣԹĪ⡣
ڿʲô
û꣬ͱ͵һקԵǽڱϡ
ꡣѹҸղſ˽ȥˡ
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ФԴϰﻹˣ
С͵Ҳѡֵطȥ͵ġ
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15 
ͷܿתɨȣԷɨˤ˳Ա߹һԾľٶȻ׼ֵͲɡ
ֵͲ˦Ψһ΢ĹҲʧ
ڻͷ˲䣬࿴ԷϡŸϷߣһ̹ӣݹŹֿš
Ǹӡ
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û۾ӦڰԷٶ˹
ľ磬ж׼Ҫ
ʱǰŴٶȴǹ
е㼱ˡ
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ÿҪǹʱܻᱻԷϣһľȫûϾȥעǱߵ
һʧ֣ơ
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ͷٶȴǹ졣
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ǹձתͷͱ߷ɣԷżϡ
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Է֮ûС
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16 
۾һ˲ãȻ
һƬɫ
ããɫϤУ㱼ֻصѩ
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˸ոѩǲģСˮϸѩϷͷһؼʶѩصĻ׳̾Ϊֹ֮⣬ҲҲݴʡ
ָоάֲ˶ãܿȫͻᱻ͸ӱͲѣƤ⣬裬ףֱǵ䣬ݴʣһ״̬
ַ泬ӣͿʼľ÷ۣǲضȡůΪﻹǹҲվϵѩůŬԼڱѩԼѩΪһ壬ֱԿǹһ̵
ͷĿѣ·ʱյߵڴʵ֮лʹ廹ţҲѿ˼ķɱң̲סüͷ±ۡ
ˣ
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е㼤еС¸һͻ˸
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ңһߣ˾Ϳʼ۵Сۡ
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ƻ赹ҽԺԼֱʿһѵõЭ
лҪ˵ࣺģҡ
ƣǺǣֻӣûӳɹѡ




17 
ʲô·֣
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ƵԴʹΪ游͸ףǳˣ游˲ҲϹѧõŮԣһ£ԲȥЩ
ȻȻȥԬҲһʼҲòþȫϺ˶֪ԬԬϲŮȥ棬滹żˣʹԴҲԲǿֵġԽЩٻľԽ飬ں¿ʼ̣ˡ
ƣǻ֪ǻ˾ͼıԬʲôܳ׿ƶҲͲʵǵĿġ
ࣺΪʲôԬ֣Ը̰ͼɫǸù𣿶ΪԬҵˣ֪ĶҲ֪֪ģҲһ֪
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18 
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ʱӦͱȥҰˣֻǸǻؽϼңŸճ¯⣬һһڲ裬Χ¯ҹڡ
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˼ʱס֮˸սӶûˡ
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иأ˵ǶΪɷģŮӶȥԬϾԬҺӳԬңܱĸײ֪ĶҰðɣ˭֪ŮӶǸԵģȴԬˡ
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˼һЦΪǾã֮ɱޣ÷вһŸɫʰɣϧҰѱֽھˣȻһݹơ󱨻һЩСֱ޼ɵһԬҴƵģһװдɺˡ
˼뷨˴ͨ뷨ƽֱİܶɿЩ辶ķ󣬰ѹµֵΪ෹̸ʡ
ЩСûƳԬҺԬҿʼдʵ˷鹹ݸãҲӮò˵ϲСʱǲ١
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ڿԽԽңԶǶȣȴڰһɸѡࡣ
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19 
һ߿ӣһȫȫԼ˼˼ʲôʱߵ֪
ľϾȲϴǰָոˣžԺȥһڵϣ䡣
㱼䣬и𣬷ڲߵĹϡ
Ƕĵġ
ǳ˼ǰѼǼ𣬾ĸˮüӷۣҲƢ
۾ȻһվڴߣѴ
ô˯ȻᴵԴ׺á
š
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㲻ǡ
㲻ˣߣȴôҲʲ
ϵʺͣոռԬʱ緢ҲΪԹʱǴǰʱǣʲôҲȥ룬һǻѪɽഺϡ
ûһֱšǲΪˣ
۵ԴǰҲʱʱģɫŴϣı顣
û֪֪Щһֱ㣿ȫϺ̲˶ΪˣɷԬҲ
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20 
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˸磬ȥѧУõҵŰ칫ңȥҽԺ
ΪʹڵԼһƿţͿԷڴϣһһ㡣
ңԼ׽
Ե㶫ոôܳţ
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ǰӱڳ𣬵һͱУĪĳɾ͸С
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ЦǻףҼӾ人ˣͷһ͹ŪòãϲŹϺ
ң΢΢ɫ鷳ˣѾڼҸˣǴѡ
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ܾ仰⣬СϵƬ̣;ԴȷеΣһʱ֮ûȥ
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лҪ˵ϲٻԱŮϲСԹԳƺš
ƣ
ࣺʡԺųļʡ




21 
Ԭ˻δ׼С¥ȥһǸ񣬿ȥǰ㲣Ƹ߽ȥ͸оѹ֡
ѲҲסǽ֣Ѱ˸ڳȥȾˡ
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ܼ̾Ϣһ̫үլӵʱ򣬾ͱȰ
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ԬԭĴ£ʧͷ֣һ֧ߣͼɽͷþԬֱܿḷ̌ҪôɱҪôתͶ֦Ԭɽ𣬹ȴƲãޱȨ
֮£ԬֻôСϺԢⶰӣԭΪ֮ãȻѡޱӡ
ʱӹѡΪϼ޻ԬΪǿţǡսոսδãйƬֵس绹ᱻϣӢնܹ黹ǵشķҪȫЩ
ⷿӵǰǸӢˣȢӣ˵Σʱд˵Ӣɱޣ˱Ҳû֤ݣ¾Ͳ֮
ӢҲˣʱѾȲ֮ǰݿֲǿʲôΪµĶֹ֮˵ֶߡ
Ԭլ֮󣬴˴ΪԬݣʮƽ£ҲǴǰĴţϹܼһǵãνˣִԺһӱԽԽǺ¡
һۡ
ʮǰľ£˵ǣԬӶˣһЩģ¶֪
̫үôǮʲô򲻵ٴٺõҲУΪʲôͷҪһֹķӣʵ
ϹܼҿЦʱסֹ̫ⷿүкü檣ķӣò¡
̧ͷһȦ
ԬȻضβɹ˵㣬ٽֵķҲЩԬֲǮ˵Բϵѡң֪ԬҾټҰʱ̫үֻһһ檣ԬһӣϺ֮ʮ꣬ҲδˣƺҪôķӡ
Ϲܼң̫үĿҵ๵ģҲȰ˼ִҵҲֻӡ
ƣôڴ˾סʮǰûֹ
ϹܼҳƬ̣йأʱԬ˿ڻ࣬Ҳû£̫ү̫̫ȥ𽥿¾ԽԽࡣ
ࣺԬôûߣ
Ϲܼ̾ҼүƵأһﵹаղڼܵô࣬˵ɽգլӣҲûطȥ˰
ʱ۹ܼһԬˣȴһ֪
ϣĴڣԬҽ͸ȻǶ߼ΪҪˣưͺͲʶ֣˵ĽϰϹܼһһЩ֮⣬Ӷ˸޷
ûϲûҲûθϵһһעƲ̫Ĳ
СʱȱȽǣ档
ࣺûʲôֻ
Ϲܼҵ֮ѲĳٹѾƽõЩˣλȥʡ
Ʋÿɷ񣺡ȥǰ¥
Ϲܼ£һ
Ƶ֪ԭ
ͷҥɣԬֹĴţһʢһգصѲĵ˵Լվڴӡ
£ȻҲণľԱ
ҲǿԼԿֱ֣ӾͿԴǰ¥Ĵš
һɳϢЮѩ䣬һţûаܵԪء
ⶰС¥˲뿪öѣѾʧһɶеɭɭѹϹܼҾ߲Ͻ
ȥ¥µӶ˷¥ȥ˶ķ䡣
ÿģϻضѾˣʵϲû̫ɹֵ¶
Լ©ɽÿһϸڣ²쿴һ顣
⴫ŲᣬҲ졣
㷢ʲôͷҲûء
Ϊơ
û˳
ڷߵĳ룬һʱû⣬ֱ󾱱ᴵһ
һú󾱺ë
෴һץץ˸գ
͵ػͷ
ͷĵƺȻˡ
лҪ˵vϢһմ塣
ǵ˫ˣ58׼ʱvмӸС糡Ѽڴ(ޣߣ)




22 
ڵ, ղ, һڡ
һͷ, Ȼʲô
Ҳ, Ѹ, ǰȥ
˸գ
ûС
ҲûС
ټһ¥ֻҵĽŲľϻص
ƣ
һ
ڡ
¥µȴ
ͣˣ
Ӧǡ
ղû
Ʋ֪һյú͵Ƶ, ŵ¥
΢ҡҷĵƹ¥ΨһĹԴ
ҲԵԽڡ
·ڵоٵ, ޷˺ڰڰĴ
Ҹղû
϶¥
㿴ʲô
վſ, һ䷿ƿ, õտ
ղźұ, һתûˡ
᲻Ĵ߽ڶķתһȦ
ҲҲȷԼԴ˿ڻûõԵʣΪղ͵֮, ԴΡϹܼҿ˵˻ѡ
ƣҲˣ
һղ, ԬҰ֮ûֹ, 鲻ץָȻץѶӷҲ˵ѵı֡
ƣ˵ѣôԬֹ, ܿҲΪġ
ࣺ㻳˵Ϲܼйأ
ƣԬͶûŮϹܼ㹻Ķֹ˵˻ѣһʲôǣҲǽ⿪Ĺؼ
˸ǷǲǿԴظˣͣˣٲҲ鲻ʲôҸûؼϢˡ
ƣӣһȥһ·ܸߵӵľƻᡣ
ϵһ
Ļûأ
¥¥ݿվΪƻ
Ҹоһ·ֱȥƻҲС
һ˵һȻȻ̧ͷ
Ҫ¥
ú͵ܹռ޷ΧڣǽڣһӰ
ӰúܳԿΡ
ǣƵӰӡ
Ϊ
ǺӰץһѸͷ߸߾𣬶׼Ƶĺ󱳣

ǧһ֮ʣֻü֡
־к塣
СģƸͲ֪ҪСʲô
˵תܡ
ʱ䣬ֻܿƵķӦԼǷΡ
ҪڿЦѹͲᶯ
ƶˡ
ץ¥ݷǰһԾײ¥ݷϣŲȿգ˸ˤ˺üףֱ¥ݿڲվȡ
ú͵ƴϵ䣬һأʱϨ
֮ʣüԶѹûбվһԡ
ƣ
˲ȥԼʹͷ濴
΢⵹ӳ֦ҡҷצ״
ʲôҲûС
ۻˣֻ߾ǹˣԼ
ٿ࣬Ҫ޹ж޹͸ղųѹһ
λ
Ϲܼվ⣬ŵ쳤̽ȴ̤һ
ǿҪ𣿡
͵ıսսʱᱻⶬҹѹ
ղţӣ߳ȥ
ϹܼҰͷҡø˹һһֱվ棬ͷ󺰣߽Ҷ˵ˣӣҹﻹǱĺã
ࣺӲɾҲүͷ˵꣬»пԭôųѵʲô£ŲҼǣ
Ϲֹܼ¶ɫǰôǣһأүܣ˵˵ԬҰ뱲ӶˣԺҲÿ˿
ƵĿ£ԽԽС
˵ѡ
Ƶ
ҷ˸û˵仰УղڱԬֹĹʱҲ˵ٻ
ƭλϹܼ磬ǰȷ
ղҿˡȻ
ģƮᵭҹһϹܼҴȥ
ŵһ飬δӦ˵ղžʹ˯ȹվڷǰƯΨɫҲҵģǻѪ
ֱŹܼңƺڹܼĳһ㡣
ţͷ
ܼҲ᲻ĵƣͷҲûأǰ
ͱŻˣԩͷծҲɱ˵֣ôң
ɭɭһЦ˼ǣ֪˭ɱҵ֣𣿡
⽫ѹͣϸƣէмֶǰ˵ǿ
ϹܼҵϥҲֲסֱӾ͹ڵء
ûûҲ֪ʲô֪ԬֹǣԬˣѲĳ٣˵ˣһģ
ٽͷѲŻҹ׼͹úðͽλ߹ǰĺˡ
٣ҪϢһ°ɣ
ԷЦǰûȴĺ¡
Ϲܼһѹ죬ɾתΪ衣
ͱǣҲϿ˵֡
ãѲúһ£⼸׮ɱĹϵ룬ԬˣҲѱ޹ϸһȥɡ
Ѳһ㶣æӦ£ͬŰ˴ߡ
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ͣԱʣɹ飬òʧƽ
ʡãİɣѲ
Ԭ˺ܿ챻ͷɥݡ
ɨһۡ
ôһ
лҪ˵˫һ¡




23 
˭
Ѳһһ, Ͻ, ܿ˴𰸡
٣һŵˣ
ƽǼںС¥, Ժȫ, ͲĽһ, ϾЩ˵ûôͷҲû, ֻǳڽȿ, صҲͲôģÿȥʱͷ
ǺҲ
, Ϲܼҡ
µ, ˵, ųԻӣϵָٻϼңҹѲӡ
ûзŹϹܼκһ仯
ԷòɫȻٶ΢
ܿͷ£ǼԼ, ֨
أһҲû𣡡Ѳ˺ʡ
泤, һŮӶ, ԬҵĳԷʱ򣬻ŵġ
緹أ˭ˣ
Ѳܡ
û˻ش
ͷ꣬ȥԵҹ
ͳԷģ󣬴ݲȡ
ô, ³ʷ˹ӣЩҲ
ѹ⽻ϵͣҪѶձԼ
Ѳ⣬˸񣺡ףľǣ籣϶ʲô˵
ƣ
ѲȰһ飬ûˣȽѺȥõǹѲء
Ѳ㹻࣬ȰǰС¥Ƹ׳죬ҲҳС¥ġӰֲ㣬Ҳֻ˶Σˡ
Ʋǵֱ˾Ȼ˿Ϳ޷ֱǡ
ǾˣȻҪȥ¹ݵ磬ὫǵĹͣһ֪ʷ˹ġ
Ѳһϲл٣
Ԭ£ƴ첽ϳ
ʱеִ٣ȥ·ˡƿһֱ
˵ԼԲȥ磬һתͬУȱ¹ز˾·Լͻȥ·ȥ
ﵽҵ·̣ϻ˸⡣
ϹܼҲɱ֡
ƣԼã
ࣺı֣̫ң׾¶һ֣ϣϮҵˣŸմѪġǹֵǹ׼ںܿѾûȥˡ
ƣܼҲûɱˣһ֪Ԭҵܣܣܿ˵йء
Ħ°ͣһйֽΪϹֿܼӪԬֹķΧҪǹլļȶʵö֮ԬֹϢֶߣ۳ʲô¶ϡ档
üԬҵܣһǻδֵϸϹܼûиֹᣬЩ˲Ҳã춯ҲգҪصԬؼط
ֻ֮ҪһֱԬңԷţ޷ﵽԼĿġ
ü˵һΪ߳
ûֱӻش𣺡ʱԼʮңʱȥһѲܼǱʳʲô
ࣺһǸˡ
Ƶϳһ붹뷬Ƭ
治ɫҪһܺõÿ졣
ƣ¹ݵͺܷʢ
ڲ˵ˡ

СԬһ·ʻ¹ݡ
;м²壬ֻްˣ·ߵԲɪɪ
ƶûйʸΨһԸֻܻ졣
֪ЩЩܶŲһСʱ䡣
¹ԽԾɻһбø߼ĿϾӣƯĺǽҹɫ˸ԶƶĹâ
Ƿ·һ硣
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սȥйݵͣ漴ֺܿɢ
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֮µܣѪһ
¹ӦعϲʵƣɫСſһСſһЦյúͮͮģϲǳ
ף⽻йʱԽһһԽй˵ɫⲻֻ֪ǵıɫҲ̸кͽύʿֶΣǾܸɣԿˡ
Ͼġйͨ򽻵ʱˣĽǫ̬ȴֲǧȻ£ЩԱԴì¹ݵ˹Ⲣ
ûһװǴһӣĴ˹ִкòʿƵƵ佱
ȻҲﳰġ
˹йǰ
˵˹ϾǱߵϵҲܹ㣬ίԱ˵˲̫һǸصйͨ
ң࣬ı죬ʲôÿ佱ģ
ΪפϺ£ԵӭӣʵǱһЩ˻Ҫܵѵֵ䣿ֽ񶼽ѧԴ֮ͷڵˣɳܣɳܣ
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˽˷նС
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ΪΪйͨ˹ȻǺܶģֻҲ˶ԳӭĴ಻֮һƵĸ
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Ʃ˵粻ֹʿҲвĻ˰ѽպյĴǺװҲˡ
Ʃ˵Ϻ̲С㣬ȻлԼδҳߣ˽ȥˣϢѹѹʵѹסű˳δŭԼ൱ͷѾѹ˾Ͼȥˡ
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÷۹ϻȳԵΣֺ˱СƣЩǽζ
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׼һѳʳ׼ȥҽԺ̽
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Сʱզûôã
ȸ
ƣ
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24 
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˵֮ˣʱ˽ڡ
Ȼѭ˵ߵò, , òƽƽ, Щڴ֮ʧ
ٿʱǰһ
ʵƸոս, ѾвС㰵ע⵽, ת۾ʹӽ㵽ȥ᳡˶, ŮӱѰ, ֲõ, û뵽ȻףԷȴڵƻɺ
ƵĳȸŮӸϲƯ
ڿĵһۣͻȻ, ƯǸݴ, ֻŮϡ
һƯ, 崺磬֮
ŮԵܺãȥ賡裬ŮСѣңԸˣΪʱ³ɼ, Ȼϲͬ䲻ڡ
˿Ҳ⡣
ֶЧе⡣
֪úãʱԷŮѧ෹ƲĽ㣬ûгУ³αȼлҪߴ١
þò࣬㻹𣿡֡
ͦáڳõ֣ա
ǰЩ˵ȥѧˣ֮һֱѶһΪǱ߶ˡֶӦùƣݸԷһʲôʱģҲԼͬѧ
ٱʾ⣺ղײգǲͺˣ
Էһ㶣Ц㻹Ĭ˲ţһúܲɣ¹ݸ߾ͣǽˣ
ʼ磺ڽСѡ
ֶţôܣģô˵ҲǸ˰ɣ
ЦҰȥ˰
ֶԴุȥ֮һǧɣ£Ѵʧֻղէ࣬ԷɣһʱΪһǸң໹Ǹࡣ
ϯֳϵģ˹տ϶еϵǣδվǣֶأ︡˾Ϳ࣬οԶԷһ˲ţǽʲôǧУ֦ͷ
Ҫ֪꣬ĳλίԱҲΪμܸһ¥ġ
˵οĻЩԲȥ䲻Աȴһ
أ˭ҹӣܽܣ
٬ֶвתͷԷҲ֪Ȼ٬ıǮ
ʮߣȻʮߣΪʮߡ
˿Ӵ˲űѧʵģҲд̵ģʮߵ常ϾְλС˵ӢϵҲ׽˵һҲǰˡ
ʮԼҲڴ̣ǽóһ飬ҼҴҵʱ۴ﵽһ̶֮󣬱¹ʮûй˵ͷԣֻҪûдŭԹһ˵ˮƽͲȥ
ΧˣȻҲһ㣬λʮ߹ʮͣƮƮȻᣬƼ۵Ҳʮ֮һ
ֶĹ常Ĺϵģʮ߾͸ûˣ˵⣬ָʹӶ͡
ֶЦݣôˣͬѧأ
ʮ̧°͵ࡣ
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⻰ָɣֶﲻˬȴûֳΪ˽ܡ
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⽫ĸּ಻Сĵ˹ˡ
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Լߵˣǿ϶ʶӰǺװϺ̲㣬һݹһڶ죬ȥʲôˣһٰ
ֶϳŮǺװ
ˣûмʶġ
ϲºṫӸȥǩװ߲ܣǩ࣬ڴǵļӣҲ٣ʮಽ
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ͷܳѧģ˹ѧЩҵ׵ģֶ⻰ʮߣЩء
ʮȴȫˡ
󣿺ߣͷݽǮҲܳڹѧˣ֪ĻѧʲôĶӻô򶴣һ˲ţҿʵǱǲϵӰǣҵиƼ㣬ϲƯиɾˣȥ¸ɼܱ꣬㵱ʮ꾯컹Ҫ࣬Σ
һ˫Ŀƶס࣬ҪԷ¶ѿɫ⡣
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ƣɣΪܿ޴ӣʶѷһ
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ΪһԼŮˣҲΪԼӳɼʱȣΪʱ¶ֱ飬ЦЦƳǳһϿ۸ƿӣȰҸϡ˵
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ʮ߻عɫ൨ҿջ
ͥӢҲӳˡ
˹߹ţϵ˳ûĵطʲôʱɱ˷ܷŽˣ˵Ǹ죿ҼǵýоֻƾֳҲǰɣƾֳȺ߰˵˵
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ʮЦô˵ƾֳжˣ
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ֹ֣ƾֳʶڳ󲿷ˣӦöʶ
ƾֳһӱɫӷŭ𾪣ε֣̿Ҳͼӵ顣
ԭҶү
ЦЦҶ籱ˡ
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˹λҵѣͬѧࡣһѧȻڱǣһ׮ӣѾ֤֤׵ġ
ȻѾ棬ʽܳȥ
˹΢Ц֣˵һ仰
˶٣Ҳһ䡣
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ֶǷ˵ʵỹʿһסлл
ƾֳԴģôȥСˣ
ֶͬѧһѣԾ͵֪ҲţֻǺҵˣи˵ģ
ƾֳȻѵѵãʻܷͼǿȻǸ꣬úúðǣ
ֶЦ
Сô͸ͼǿϹϵˣֻչϵϣƾֳô˵ôֶ˼ŴҲȥͬѧĹϵ
һ粨СԼ⣬ȻҲװݣοòʣҲ˷½ģ׽
ЩӴһ¹󸾣ǰ䡣
ڳΨһһжŭģֻʮߡ
ȻԵĺװͷβܸܰо˷˶ЦԼ
ЦʲôȻװʵ
Է죬΢΢
װ¶⣬æջЦݣûЦ
ʮߣΪҴϸ֦ˣô죬ҲǸ¾Ϸӣ
СΧ˶ˡ
װɫˢһ±ףҧŴڿԼ
뿪ڣȴưס
Ƶ۾߲ˣȴʼûŲ
˼ԣҪ¡
װǷ׷ǹʣҲ˽ʮ֮ĹϵóȻ֣δӢ۾Ц
໹Ƕˡ
װǰֽʣһֻÿ֡
С㣬ҽӰԣ԰ǩ𣿡
Ȼԣ
װæֽʽӹǿһЦҴǩ´
Ҫдһף𣿡
ࣺĻǾ͸ˣҽңңԶңף念ɡ
װܿдˣּ㣬óġ
Ҳдһ䣡
ҲҪ
ǩɣȥ˵ģ
ϵǧСṫӸһôϽҲͳԼոֻúװǩ˴ıӡ
ӵһӽʮ߸Χȥˡ
߶ס࿴룬תȥǳ׼סˡ
ƾն˸ˡ
תȥþƣƵڱ
ʮԵֱײ²·Ϊ˳ͷ˻м𣿡
ûشȥÿ־ƵĿζ
ƻӣ
ƣӡ
һӹƵݸԼһƻġ
·ƽεѵʿΪ˸ммν˹ͺˣûղŶ¶𣿡
ü˹ôҲܲžȥӡʲôã
ࣺɷܵö°ɣҪȻôԵҹĳԣˣҪȥͽƾֳˡ
˵ƱʩʩȻƾֳȥ
ҸղûǾлķ㻹Ӧ˹𣿡
ʵ
ͷҲûأֻֻ̧λΣ˸ݰݵơ
ۡ
ǰ̵棬ƾֳȻ࿴
ƾֳǸˣϾֳλãȫƨһīͣŸ룬ƨ˼ҲûȤô࣬ϱʳ½İӣȻҲ̸
ֱƾֳȥϴּ䣬̨һλ͡
ʵڱǸղӲǿġֻΪǰ㣬˵ȫҡ
װֿǸ΢΢˸
ٱûϵΪŮʿΧÿʿӦ񡣡
װȻЦˡ
Լ촽Ĵױе㻨ˡ
װæͳСӺͿں죬̨ϵĵƿʼױ
ʹأÿеĿں졣
ʯ𣬼佻·ʲôȻ֡
ҹĻص֮󣬵ȴȥ׽
֧ں죿
װ̧ͷͿජĿں쿴һЦ
ôŮǵ³Ĵ࣬õ죬ɫۣװҲɫһڿ򲻵ˣҪɫǶδļ֧֮ǰģͷԸ͹
ࣺۣܹô
װɫһ۸ֻǺ򵽣۵ͱһˣҲˣõ
ࣺʲôʱеģ
װ˵ǰŷͷˣֻ˵йҪʱ䣬125շеġ
125գʮ
ҲǶ֮
װ֧ں죬ŮӶԬҵһ֧һģһ
˵Ƕ͸ġ
ʱѾˣѵ˹ͿںŮӶ
ԣȻ˵ѣ
˼䣬ƺȻ߽
ϸȥһ˲
лҪ˵ĩ죬¹ʷʰɣԳ99
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25 
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ʶðһ䡣
ƣͲεõģ
޹ⲻܹ, ̫, ÿǸղüĿͶˡҪ, Ӧڹײ, Ӧڳηˡ
ƣϹܼ, гһ㶫
Ѳĵ绰򲻵¹ǰ㱨Ҳ齲
˱Թȥһˡ
Ƹ˹к, ʹȥϳ
ûע, һֱһ˫۾ڸ
ʮ߳, ͱ꼸, ֮ûԸӽ, ƽˣҲʱϢģ״
˹ڣʮôҲ, ǵ˲, 常ҲŹ, 뿪˾͹ܲˡ
ʮ߻Цһ¡
ӡ
ʮѭףװ߹
ȱƣòã
תĻϰݹǧС㣬ĸ
һ˵˳ڵ, ͲˣԽһĴС
װȻԲﰲʱƿ˵΢Цʱȴһַҡ貹⻪һһɷ
òûһߣʮҲ⣬ԲŻŪ֣ʱ˿̣¶ҲûĵԹ޺ŭ
ղһֱţǨŭǸǸ˽ȥˣʮĶ
װˣˣղ¹һķסң֪ҵĶģ˵͵ģһҵĴҪ˺òã
ĵûʮŭԽ⣬ޱӹװľƱȻ
˵޷绨գʱһͷһľˮ
ڽԻȻĿ
ʲôСģҲģʱƽˣ㻹þɵһѹأ
˵ͦںװǰ
װӰԺܶ࣬ݵòµĽ߸࣬ʮ߶̬ͬȣѿǰûֻǰڳˣʮ߷ŭҾͷ׷Ϊ򱧲ƽˡ
ȻҲͬԼʺװòһջˮƮƼϧ񻤻ʲô
ʮۼԼʸ֮ģ˹ҲԶתͷ֪Լһη˳嶯Ĵֻҧҧ
װԽȺȥ˹ȻŴ뿪
װģһߣװȻҲøϡ
ӦӣҴҽʪķݲãǿίǿջЦģκһˣŮΪ֮ݡ
˿ȥС㣬㲻ظˣҿȥҸϺ̲мֱ棬ʮ߲Ҷô
װмһЦӽҴҽҹҲԵʶλ飬ȴ壬Ȼ΢˱֣ܵءôҹлµӰӳ˸ӰƱ
ֳⷬǰϲˣҲԸӡŮĳ׶ҡװʱֶ˲֧ߡ
ǱˣһҪǣҰѵ绰д㣬ֱҡҼȥݣͱ֣תҵġ
ԣͷҲĵӰ˾˵һ˱㣡
ʮģҪԷأͷҰȥ˵㰲ĵӰĲõġ
Χ˺װҲṩ
һһ˵лȻ첽߳ſڣŵȺʮ߱뿪
ʮڳɫû뿪ʱö١
˵֮ǰཫǻ|ҩͰװһ룬̻װ͸ǻϼͣʮ߳ױֲò
Ӱ߲µı飬֮ǰ
װ̾˿ӣһˡ
ʮߣôûĽô࣬ˣʡ
װģȻҪߡҵĺãҶףĲǸСֵͱˣòã
°ͺȻסǿ
ߣʮߵϢϡ
Ÿղϵľˮ϶Էǻľװۿܿʪˡ
ӡ
ΪǰĿĵӰǣӲˣ뿪ҵˣҲܰקԭ
ʮһһ٣ɭпᡣ
ˤøң
װϢ΢ë
һ˲䣬һֻн۾죬ٴΣ
Ҳã׹ڰģܼһЩ˻õŰ
׵ģӣһӶģжġ

ǼϹܼҵʱ򣬶ԷѾɫҰף˵
⵹ǱѲѶԵʣϹܼôˣҲܲסһϻʻˮǱץ֮Ѷҵѹ֣ѶԱѹȵıʣ˻ܱľ
ԬֹңȥŻ˵ģ
ⷬڣϹܼڲȦӣǣͿżɽ˵Ķ
Ա˽ŵݸһСˮԽ֮ˮδĸɿʡ
ƣô˵Ҳɱģ
ܼæҡ֣ǲǣûɱˣҴʮ͸̫үˣԬһֱĹôɱˣ
˽ܣΪҪȥŻˣ
ϹܼҴ˿ӱϿ෢ֶԷ£ʵһչѾȫԭĹϹܼҲʼˡ
ˣֻ۾ƱӣѶҡҷĵƻ·Ŀ֮Ӱ涣ɳɳ죬Զ塣
Ϊ壬Ÿ﷢
Ϲܼҵ߳ױˡ
ΪΪ̫үʱԬһ
һۡ
֮ǰƲּɱˣм飬ʵתתΧԬңܿԬʲô֮á
ԬͰ֮ϹܼûϵҲһйء
ʲô
Ϲܼ˫ֲϲɫãɼļ
µѾ޷׮ضȥ
ƽĻƽ𡭡ӣ
ǵ˽ܺϲ£죬ƣҲס¶֮ɫ
ƲģҿѶھˣѱ֤Ϣ֮󣬻᲻˷ֳ
ʱ˽һۡ
ߺεȻ飬ݣڽ᰸֮ǰһɲùԱĿڹҲղ׵һйΨʣ
ƵͷתϹܼңƽģ
ԬĴܹ˵ϻʱ䲻ϵʧܿͱ뿪ܹ֮°뱲ӶðʣӵĲƸֹΪȨڼѹ֬࣬Դֵһҳ
ԬȷֵģʱֻΪһͨóԼĩԬ˽Ĵ󲿷Ӷʱ治ǻƽ𣬾鱦
˭Ǻ˳ڴˣǲԬĵص㣬ľԣûʲôȴĲƸϲ
Ԭܿѹ
ȻǾɾҲִСС㣬ԬԲԳۣ˷Щ޶Ƹͼһϣò˶ã˵뿪Ĵﶼδذȫ
Ԭҹ¶ģţóһֲȸǷֵٰʣµķαװ˳ĴȻԼװˣ𽥵Ĵ磬ˣȥϺ
ļƻܳɹȻҲһ·ϳ⣬ֻ߱˽̣󲿷ֻƽ𣬻˵Ϻ
ֻаѻƽԼƤ£̫үܷġʱʱܽҪҸķӲף̫үԬݣΪһ㹻ĵؽѡ
˽ܣؽѣѲûз˵Ļƽ𡣡
ϹܼңǿģֻǷԴĵؽѣ棬һ㡣
ƣӱеģ
ϹܼҵͷӵʱֵⷢģʱѾķˣʯͷѻã̫үһ£ѻƽغ֮󣬾ϣΣѰ˸ҲҵˣҲûԿܴ򿪡
ࣺ˵ֹ֮£Ȼ׫鹹ģ
ϹܼҿЦҲȲѡ̫үϥֻүһӣ֪үС˵ˣӻ޶ȣǳҵӣһֱûܸүɽգԬҳû䡣̫үԿ׸үҰæܣֱүǵĺӳ
ԬȻϸϣǵȾ̶ԬټҵܹˣƽܿҲɢһա
ֻԬû뵽ԬָϣϹܼûȵԬĺӳԬڷˡ
ţ̫үĻܵļҵҲܱ˶ߣܣһգһգ½̫̫ǻعҲǸԬļ̳С
ǷӽӶ£ȫһ࣬ȥȥᷢܣԲŻˡ
˹ˣǾȥɱ˵ģôɱүͷأ
аȫûϵ϶Ϊ˶Բү˵飬Ĳҹޣлģ
˵䣬˽ܴһӡ
ǴӰѵģ˵Ǵеļҵ
ƽӹһȴ¶ɵɫ
лҪ˵𽥸ˮѼҹɶ
ףڣ66ףǹڶֿ




26 
ô٣
Ű, ɢɢʮԪ
̧ͷܼҡ
ƽнʶ٣
ܼҺԥÿԪ, סԬҡ
ԬҶã
ŷ˼޹ģ˰ɡ
ƽջǮִţ
, ڼ, ͷ˶µ, ߽á
Ȼڼ, ôֻһ
ϹܼȻ
˽, æ͡
֪ͷ, ԬҵĶս֮, һ㶼ûҶ, ԭʲôھʲôҲ٣ﱾЩģ
һ, ҲŲû涯ֽ, һӰ참չ, ЩͨͨҪԲ˶ߡ
ӡ
ӡǹĹ棬Ѿ⼣߰ߣɫĥ𣬿óЩݡ
Χϸĵë֯һӣʵʵѺӱ߽סȻëҲξ, õ˵ߣͰ˵Ѿ뵽õˡ
ɴҲɼӵӡ
ͷȻŹЩĻƮ㣬޿ΨһܹԸаοģҲЩͶѪҪѪǿ϶ҪҪء
Ϲܼң˭Ҳû˽̵ĻǾֻ
һǰԼǮӻһգǱȻõ˸ǮƣǰͻȻ֣ĸԸǮڶԷϡ
ƺȻΪʲôˣѵǰˣ
ࣺİˣ
һ̣ƵĻ
⡣
δ밢һ顣
Ϊ˵ӢȻڶԷʱס﷢֣ⲢôѧʣֻҪԸ֯˾Զв
͸ˡ
˵ҲʶֵŮӶ뿪Ԭ޷ȥһӵĻ·˶żҵĹˣģҲżйء
һˣͨǰδеĹػܵδκϸܹůͬһսηη˱Ȼ⣬پ
ƵĻΪһ´š
ԿأϹܼң˵ؽڵԿף
үԿױɵ׹үҲ֪ǵ׹־͸õͷŮʱ֪֮󣬸æ߷ˣ˵̫үĴ֮ų棬ȥԿҪԿ׾һֱڷܼ¶ƣǷ˳֮ҾҲûԿˡ
ϸ֦ĩĳΡ
Ļʹĳ;֪Ԭҵ»ƽؿϢǽӽԷնϲ鹹һԸ񰮺òŻˣһռġ
ҲദĹУ⻹ϸϴԣδãԱʵĲпᣬöԬ˼һʤһգ¶ģ˽
ҲΪʲô࣬ŴӣԽԽ͸¶Ҫ뿪Ԭҵ뷨
ʱĶԬʧ͸ֽԵҲɫΪαû뵽Լһһ׷ͨ·ϵϡ
࣬ʱΪԼо飬֮Ψֲѻ鸾ź˿ȴҲûϵֻӣһ֡
統ʱ˽ˣθԼȥ̶֤ͽѿǣ֪ˡ
ЩǶһԸ롣
û˽ɹ
ȷǱµڷ˰׷׵ˡ
ϹܼΪԬҾľһӵĻȴյжᣬݹַ
ҿԴȥؽ²ڣԿףĲ֪
²˳٣ھͶɡ
ҹζ࣬Ҳġ
ϹܼңȴЩƵ
һϴεͽֻ˶ҪЪˡ
˽ܡ
ڣ֪ҿһҪٴ𣿡
Ϲܼҵ˵ǵһȫǻƽѱ˰ѳֲסѲĴ󲿷ʲôУƵ˽⣬˽ԹɫĲ٣̰СֵҲȱȽǣ󲶣ŷɫڼһȣ˷δؿָӡ
֮£˽ܻһЩ
ˣͷһǹҪŷ׼һ£СʱǾͳ
˽ǣȥ׼
˽ȥȡǹļ϶ץʱϹܼҡ
ó߾ã˼ѾʼƮɢһ㣬δػܻشó⡣
Ǽҷ˳ŵʱ򣬰ûиţ
ʱţʱ
ʲôʱţʲôʱ򲻸
롭˳Ÿʱ򣬲ðţԱ˵˵ȥʧ񣬱̫̫ЦԬһһ֣࣬ͨ˵Ҳ飬˳ŶԬһղһգү̸ܹˣҲ뿪Ԭҡ
ϹܼҹȻͣ߶߶һ˵
಻ò㻹û˵ʲôʱŴŰ
ϹܼңʱҪ˰æţȥٻ˾Լ˺ѣͻϰ
ࣺԼʲôѣǵ𣿡
ϹܼңҲҹЩһүܣү˵˺Ļ˵ûʲôѣȫȥ͵Ľڡ
ࣺҷôشģ
ϹܼҿЦ˵үʣҲ꣬͵飬ҲүƵġҿЩүԷˣվɵģЩݺݺδϹүҲûҪȢˡֻүӡҲ˵ãҪ̫үүػ࣬ڵյģ
Ƶ̫үŵʱҲܲκΣСʱǶӣ谮һЩ·һЩСҲ̣ö֮Сɴ̶Ҳߣ󼺡
ԬʲôˣĴʱҲδΪĴһ£Ȩѹ˲ٵطƸʴĻƽҲûóƣ˷ָµһС֣ȫб˽ңý³ԬҼҲӦ֮
ֻЩδ֮ԣϹܼҵʱû˵
ܼԼҲףֻǲԸϣʵˡ
֮ʣ˳Ĭ
Ƿһδȥʲôʱɻǵã
ܼҿ˼ڤ룬ȷ·Ƕʮš
ࣺ·ٺú롣
ܼңˣȷǶʮţΪ찢ң˵Ÿ˳ȥ˳ԼĶԸҸ٣һЩôҲû˵ԼʲôҳͦģʹӦˡ
һ¶ʮգʮǰ졣
Ͷһμ档
ûп
ҲʱѾ뿪ˣҲǶһԣڰ֧
ɺϵܶ࣬еȫɺϣǾͲżȻǱȻġ
˵䣬˽ܻˡ
һѻߣӵݸơ
ʱõľ|ǹʽǲM1910Ȼ||״һЩҲ||׸ʵá
ӵװģԹģѾһȥԬţһʲôͷһͻϹȥ
˽ܺģʲôˡ
Ƶͷǹͬǹһš
ЦЦһģװǹҲôһ㶼
ַʣ㲻Ҳôŵ𣿡
ࣺǾ졣
ƵͷŵѧϰܱȻԵľҪǿ˵԰ɣ
ࣺ
ļ򣺡𼵶ʣҪѧôҿԴؾ
ǣֶֻﰵȻȻ㣡

Ԭݡ
ʢһʱС¥ŨŨҹɫһƬڰ
һķӱͼ۸񲻷ƣԭȸڻסڽ׮װ֮ܰߵҲѾˣ᲻ߵģҲȥѼסȷ粨ٻ
ԭȺ¥Ԭˣҹ֮Щƹ⣬Ǳ߹Ѻ֮Խ͸һûţէȥܻͦˡ
ǰ˻ŵģôһҲûˣü
˽ĲæЦǶǶȥˣͷһúñ˾ϳЩˣһʶ
û˵
෢˫ֲ嶵ڴλþǹ
ϹܼǽǰС¥
෢ǰӶ˷
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ԣڴ¡ָܼŰǰ˯Ĵ̣ƿǵؽˡ
˽ܣ֮ǰѲ𣿡
˽ܣУȫѲˣǵؽѲܣˣûзָһڡ
ϹܼңԬȻгǼ˶ǰڴģܷ㣬ؿںΣҵ
಻ϹܼҵĻԷϾʹˣʧȥж
Ԭ˵ҲûУȻѾոһյظƩ˵ˡ
įʹʱУҲѰѵؽÿһ䶼͸ˣܷؿҲϡ档
νܣϹܼ֪Χѡ
δǴҽԺܡģ˽ҲԶ֣ǰ̸ļ̌𣬹Ȼһʯס
ȥһأҸŹܼң󣬹ܼ·ɡ
ϹܼŹȣǰ棬ﻹ߶š
棬Ҳܾûˣˣǰóֱ͵ġ
˽ĵƣĲζһںڰǰŲ
࿴ĺڰǾ޴Ĺʱ׼һɴ
лҪ˵ΪùȺڵõο壬ڵĵû׼ﻥӡ_




27 
ﳣ겻, Ϣ䳱ʪ, Ȼûе̵ֹĺ, ϢʴĿ־, ˻ÿһë׶Ȼ衣
˽ܲսǹ
ɴĲ͸
ʼˡ
, һ˽֪Ĺأ󲶺ͻнʴǲһġ˫ĵλȻҲȻͬ, ʱ򻪲ӡѲĴҪһЩ
Ѱ, ϣɼǹĲ, ǰ, , ԷڿʱҲܲҷȻѳȨĹ̲˻˶ϯλǶԻĻû̫
˽ܣȻڲ˼, һͨѲ, Ͻ, Ǳˣ߱ϴȡ
ƾȡ
㣬󣬾ʷ˹ƽ۸ڶˣƿͿ
˽ܻ˵, ƼﱳͷֳϵܺãڰͨԣĴȣûǵ꣬ʱʱ
ѵл鰸ﺦҲҪҧϣڣ˽е㷢ˡ
һյú͵ûһڵĵ
ڶͳһֵֻͲ
һϸ죬ںڰ
˽һû֮ʶ˴ֵͲⰵԼһ
˼ֵֻͲ٣жһЩ־塣
Ϲܼûƣֻǰߣ˽ͣͣΧԹԾǰ棬ԽԽ죬˽һʱ죬ץ˸գȻͰѶԷŪˡ
ܼңϰף
˽ܺ˼ûõϹܼҵĻӦ
ô죿Ϲܼһ᲻ˣ
˽ٽ򶨣ⲻҲһصļƤ
Թܼҵܶȥµǲ֪˭ںڰУϹܼҸˡ
а˽֪Էǹ
˹δؿ£µǲϲ²δ֪
ûг˽ܸеˡ
ҲͻȻϽʱʱͷȥ
Ҫȥ
ڣôˡ
ϹܼҵĶڴһߴ
м̳ӣˡ
˽һ
š
ƵҲʱȥڵؽ̳ӡ
̳кܶ࣬ѻڵؽиյأһһСɽҲơ
ֵͲչĵطǿԿ̳̳мƵСߣΪ˷ȡˣǶһ𣬾Ͳֿں
һ
˽ܵľ͸Ϻݺһᣡ
ѾеľԱ˼ˡ
һ֪Լ龪һ
Ϊڽ俴ǰ̳ӣûʲô֡
ڣ˽ûˣҲס󱳺ݺݸһۡ
ۻû꣬תͷ
˽һ
ܿʶԼı飬Ϊ̫ˡ
ǹ֡
˽ܰŰ߹ȥ
ΪԼῴʮ㾪㤵Ļ棬ƩֶϽţ̳Ѫ
ȻûС
ǿ̳ӣѹ棬ûʲôͬ
̳Χĺۼ̳ӱ
û˽ܷʣ˴𰸡
̳̫ɾˣһȥûлҳԱߵԲһ
ֵͲλѹ̳ӣ漸̳ӻӡ˵˰ᶯȰ̳ӰῪɡ
Ƶȥæɡ
˽ܣ
߹ȥ̳һῪ
óǸ
ֽơ
ûзࡣ
ûз࣬ζװĲˡ
Ǹոսʱͷˣζأ˵ýûУֻгʪĳϢ
˵£ǰܿѾûˡ
ؽʲôǷѷؿڣ̽ѰĿ֮һ
̳ҡҡ
㵱ॡ
鶫ζ
˽ͷһĪǽƱ
ֱӰ̳Ƶ飬Ķɢһء
ֵͲһգ˽ס
ȫŮ˵ĻױƷ
ں죬ѩ࣬֬Ӱ
йҲвƷȫǽеϺŵĴӡ
ˣҲϵóͷζ͵
ˡ
ĻױƷÿһ۸񲻷ƣһҲԣмʮϰټո£󲿷ûв㻨뱲ӻҲ
Ǯ
ֻߣ˭͸ģ
Ǻ
ֶƭȡķģֻֽ̤ȥ׷
ǲ͵֪ؿĴڣԲŴĻǣӽŮˣϵԿףҲͱˣ
˻ױƷ̳ﻹмš
ԭûϳЩš
ΪǶ۵ԲͲ״С
װӡѩĺӣЩֽŵ
࿴ûо֪ˣЩ顣
ժʫ˵ʫɯʿǾռ˴󲿷֡
ȷе˵Ǻдʫ
Ϊּںʱס﷢ֵģһģһ
ǸŮӶĲʶ𣿡˽̲סʡ
Ӧǡ޳ָŷⱳ滬㿴ϵԼ֣ڱġּһһдǸ֡
˽ҹ֪ɫˣԭŮ˶ˣҲмƣһŮԳģ
ֽЩʫ֮νӵòãԿдʫûʲôףӲףֻԷûڰ˼ΪֵԼѾ
ʶֵİԾɽЩأΪûֵܷġܻ԰ЩϷۺȻпյʱóĬԽ˵˼

һߣϹܼҾ
̴ٻţ׼
ڶ̶һ֮Ȼֹ÷ǳͻȻ
˽ԥ룬ƾѾǰ漲ȥ
ֻøϽϡ
ѭϹܼҸղųĵطȴϹܼѾڵϣԴʲôػѪˮ˳ߵ˲
˽æֵͲȥȴʲôҲû
ʲôˣ
ͻȻγǹת׷ȥ
ڸղţ˽ֵܵͲζ֮ʣԼû֣ðһǵӰӸ˳
෢ˡ
ֻΪͬע⣬Ͼִ֮䣬Ψһѡ׷ȥ
ӰӦ죬һһ̳ƵˤһƬ
׷ȥֱܲӲƬǰһ£ҪƴӺקסֱصƬˡ
ˣ
۵죬ΪЬ̫ղϥŵأƬ棬ӦѾѪˡ
ǿ
˽ǰ
˸ϹȥʱͿһص̳Աߣשʯ¶һںںڵڡ
˽վԥԥȥ
ƺɣǵؿ⣿˵ҪԿ𣿡
˽æҷжӦǻһţ
˵֮ʣѾ룬Ƹ
࣡
ǰ߸ոȥͿղһֱ׷ǵӰûźߡ
ԥ׷ȥ
ǿҵĸоԼĽŲѾԽԽˡ
Ǻ⣬ֻˣҲܳ׷
лҪ˵е٣ÿ첹~~
οһ¶֮Ķǣ99Ѽ




28 
ϹܼҵĻӡ, , ؿƲŰӻƽԼȥ֮, ľ㲻Ϲ۵ĽӲ, Ҳһһӡ
, ˡ
ǰһǽ
ղҪʱɲסŲԴѾײȥˡ
, ǽıǼ, Ҳв׵ľ롣
ǽֱӶ컨壬һ϶, ȥҲ޷ǽͷ
߸һͨ, ͨͬڰı˷
Ϲܼһȥ, Ѿûд·ˣֻԼ̽
빤ƺ˽׷ˡ
Ҳǽ
ûиɵ۵ʱ䣺һһߣ׷ɣ
, ƺԥں档
˽ܣ
˰벽, ֻһͷܡ
˳Ӳһ˵ĺڳ̶, ôкҩ˽ڶ޲ʮ޸Լ£ԺƴԼơ
ǿ㱧ȣҪǰСȥﱧȣ
˽ķҵܵͨͷƹǶǽ
һš
Ѿˡ
˽ֵͲ˻, ƺǸ䡣
ֵǣֻżǽȴûǵĽŲ
µѾû·ˣ˽˿ӲͷƤ߽ȥ
һ룬϶һǹ
𶯣
Ʒνĵؿ⣬ʵһСɵġ
뷿֮խͨ˹գͬԹÿ䶼һЩͼӡ
һӣװĲǻƽ𣬶·
ɫۣҲȹӡ
һȹϵƬ΢¹⻪˸ŮӴˮתλ
Ƕģվſ磬Ťͷһۣʡ
һȴģĸͷһЩ⼸ȹˣû´Ӧǰġ
¶⡣
ࣺѾ֪ĴڣɱʮСҲΪ֪̫࡭
δ䣬ǹ
ҾǲԶ
ͬʱƺͣͷ⣬ѭǹԴ
Ǽǹ죬ͬʱд򶷵Ķ
˸ϵʱӰѷ֡
ǹߵһߡ
һװƤЬһ˲ӲЬֿȭжԷк
Ǽ㿴ƣҲѾ˲ˣװһ죬һţʶ˼ûгʤ׷תϵǹ
飡
ҽһסֱһߡ
ΪѾһֶ̣Ȼչ壬һֻ|ȻװˣûǹһָֻΪȭֱָԷԴϵ̫Ѩ
һȭȥֻ¶ԷҪ
ǲԼΣҲҪöԷأ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬һŷɹȥ
һ߰˷ֿ־׼Ҳûܽȫ߿ֻȭͷƫ룬װԱߵʯϡ
һ죬ͷѵĶͷƤ顣
װ㵽ȴƿ
ңң
ҲΪ⣬ֱȣϱһš
ɱң֪ƽȫǣ
¶Ц
һֱһһ״Ͼǹ°
ԷĶ˰룬֪һѶУֱװˣ
߸Ӧԭضá
ƺݺײԼȴ漴ƺһ£װˤڵϡ
ͬʱӵҲ͸Էĺס
ѪصѪ
װ˼״ܣֱӱһǹں䡣
Ҳˣɱң
߹ȥ˶Էһţװ|Źһԡ
ôơ
ذײƫУƵļ
ˡɫ԰ףǺȡ
̧°͵ȥĲ꣺ţǵò
һ
ţԬҵˡ
֮ǰϹܼ˵ϣٽӽС¥ԬµܣС¥ŻˣԬֹļ
ǰŲ֪٣ȴɱˡ
һԬˣǻԺֶ
ɱ˹ȻͬǰֻΪѪģŸղų֣ɶǳɱȥģһб
Ǻ⣿࿴װˡ
Էһѱһᣬҵͷ
ɱ˰
ҡͷ
ǹڶ׼Դ
ͷеΣȻ˵׼Ҳе㶶Ҫӵٴȴ첲Ͳˣ˵ǰɣ
ңҶǱƵģ֪̫ˣɱģҲɱ˵ģ
˭֪ʲô°ҪǷ𣿻жǲҲɱģ
ǹٶ
飡
ֲĵĿ־úݺݵһ¡
ŷӵԼԵĵ档
Ѿˡ
˵˵ɱң
µĿͷеȸˡ
ֻֻȸеġ
΢סϺƶ˼ﻧĺӼһͿԿԼĽ֣Ҳ⣬ܹȣӣɹһеײɹĻֻһֱͷСͷĿûϣô㹤Լ
һȥưþ¥Ķ
ɷĶŮһӵ˺۾
δƯʵŮˣŮϵķ糾ζ϶ֽʳľˣ
ĺͶ˵һ仰µõԷһãҲ㣬ͷβûпһۡ
³ʱԬ˵֪ݣҲ֪ԬСùϣˣҪưġ
λ̫̫
ס
ͷҲأƮȻȥ
֪Լûкһֻںţֻ߶ѹûͷֻе޵׶һʧ䡣
ɷ򣬴ԷķͽԬ̫̫ͷΣʼ̲ס룬ҪԼǮƣͷҲ
㣡
һš
ż˿ڡ
ֺһŭԣȴӿȡ
û죬иϺ⡣
Գܹú̥ǣõҲҪ֧καֻ꣬Ҫ³֮ϷԬҡ
Ժ˵ԬҵĲȫߣԼҪģԬҵķӣǶԬݡ
ࣺ˭
⣺ңҲ֪Һϰ壬ʲôϸҡ
ࣺòأѵ棿
⣺ǵûУͨƽʱһϮɽҲ֪ݡԼʮͣ˵ʱҲܿͰҲĻͻͷҡ
ȻϣǲǾӪһҿȹݣ
⣺ô֪ʵҲ֪ʲô
ϰ塣
¿ȹݵˡ
ȣ󣬶Ů˫ȫҵ׷񣬿ȹݲΪ׬ǮֻΪҵᣬûһڿޡ
Щα졣
һҪαװԼݣʱò˵ʽͶ㶼ܸı䣬οڱһ˵
໹ǵãȥȹݴǰ飬ϰ廹д֪޲ԣѯʻƣԷҲûдϣǵõ˺סַӶֺ
˸˸ӣһ
лҪ˵ʱе£ӦķʷҲû쵽ȡ
ûһëǮϵС糡
˽ܣһˡ
⣺һݡ
˽ܣأ
⣺һڻҡ




29 
, ⲻ֪ǾӪ¿ȹݵϰ, ֻëǵԷֱֱΪûһͷ, ȥ, Ϊºͨ·36ΪԢʱ, ͿʼеĻˡ
Ȼͨ·36ŵԢߵѾǺסõĵط, ǽڷˢɾ, ãмӴ¹
ǰʱ, ԭסľ©ˮ, Ҳ, ֻøڴϽţҹŵδ˯Ҳָᷢ첲˸˿ڣҹﱻҧġ
جΰĻ, ٶԱϰΪðЩ, ͬá
ϲ˵, ѾԸٻصȥˡ
ϰûм档
ʼúѧϰǣʶ֡
ϵü֣ǵͯʱѧģЩСӷӦҲ, ණһ֣ܾ̾һϰԼ۹⡣
ϰ˸ʦһʶ֣һǣǰҪʫʸ踳̻ǣȷͣŶԴŮԡϰϲŮԣϹѧõŮԣһס
ڣһʱ֮ϰߺ⣬ѾʦˣȥҶԼΪһʵɹ¶Էʦ
ǰ
Ѿµˡ
ͷԸһˮô
ࣺˮ
⣺ЩԵģмƿ˹Ͱء
˵ںȾƣ߻أܽ飿
˵ߵڡ
ȻһЩذ״涼һЩԱ߻мƿơ
ƿء
һϢҲûõȥ˫Ŀ񣬼ϵذҲûа||
һƿҾƣ˿ϵЩƴ˸飬͵۾
ѾƵݸԼ
ǳ鶯£Ϊ˽ʡʲôҲû˵
వԺٺŰһƿ˹⡣
ҧƿӣչһڣƿͱȥ
Ͻ˵ǹһƦåҺεӡ
⣺
ֻ촽ٶȿڡ
ϰ϶۲ܾˡ
иưŮӶǸŮӶĳڶ֪
ÿ춼ŵģһ³һΣʱ£û˵ԱУ뱻ָָ㣬ܻȥͬһҵ
һأھȥĲ˺⡣
СİѺõĶײڵأԷǵûвͷϸ֪˵֮󣬻ѯϰ壬ѡһЩʺ廨鲽ϰ˸ۿۡ
ͷ꣬⽫Լɡһư͵ԬſڣʱԬ˻֣ͦôڼİξȻùͻưˡ
˽ɡȻлɡһжǰźõģŶβϣֻҪϹ
ʮʮûһˣûбӳЦᱸǸˡ
ܿˣ˼¶֣ôῴϲԼʼֽжԶĹݼƻ
ͨ˶ϸϢڶȥ֮ʣϰΪ޹һʫ˶Էע⣬ٽԷ̸
ѽʫĺǵû¶ڣ٩٩̸öǰһ
û뵽ǰʱʿȻǲ֮ǰһ۵Ļư
ʱĺ⣬ҲԤϲĿңɼŮ񣬾ᴩųе˯滨غԼɷĸ䡣
˵ľ޴һʱ鲻ԽԼ֯ģ̸˱ԬԬ͵飬ͬʱջ˴̼С
οⲻǳǮƣϰԴԴϽ͵ϣԴִŵظƷԽԼˡ
þϰϺ⣬ԼԼˡ
ϰļƻԬǱ뵽ֵģԬͶϥ޶ŮֻҪǶˣԬȻҪջʱײˡ
ԬǸ̹Ѱ֣ҪʧѣѵǶߣȻչįȴûʲôȺá
һߣͺĸսں£ҲʼȾ񫣬ԺԽƴӺԬõίͨͨߺ⣬ĸο
ʼ߹Լڶżҵĳɳôʶ࣬ôҽԼ޸Ԭһһʮ渵
Ů̳⿪Լɴֶⷢôʳ˼̻ԸϲȴҷͥԬʹ᲻ٻ󣬿ڿ̵ˣȴֽסԨ
־һı衣
ŶĿϰߡ
Լ棬ʵϰ⡣˽ŻɱȻȻ뵽㣬ͷϣ֪
ͬʱԺѾֵĶҲһܣǾԬƽԬҵµ飬ҽؿԿףϡ
ΪúԼſڿӣԴȥ˵ؿ⡣
ڵؽѵһ㣬ۼһĻƽ𱻳УһӰȫˡ
֮꣬ôĻƽ
˵⣬ϰҲ
𽥽˽飬ʼһһıԺĳ·ôƽǾȫȥģֻҪ͵˳һ䣬ƲغãǺҲʳˡ
һУΪŮӶ϶֪ġ
ûбܿԺ뿪֮ĳ·źˡ
֪Ҳϲ⡣
ͣˣùϲ
ˡ
Ͳɱˣ˵ֻ֮ŲƸԶ߸߷ɣԬңҲϰҵӴң
ȻһʼǱű˼ϰΪδӽദˣҲ˵飬Ȼ鲻֪ǳڶ˵ϧ񣬻ǶԻƽ׷ᡣ
é®ޣôӹƻˣ
ϰ岻֪ôͷߵ뷨вңҸƿأͻὫҽԬңҲŷ֣ԭԬҵţҲߣҵһһļ֮¡
ɱ˶
ûа취ûа취ҶǱƵģҲ֣ͻɱң֪𣡡
¶ʹ࣬ľƿ޲ܶһݣ䷳ա
ؿԿ׸ңϰҶ֣ҡҵһɱˣһû˺ĲɱϰžԱߡ
ࣺҲĿһУ
ҵͷԭѰҲϰס˵̫෴ýͣסòջҲӦ˾Բй¶ȥ
ࣺΪʲôˣϰˣ
⣺֮ǾԼ̫̫Ŀɹڲ׮ӣϰ©һݣŰɱˡ
ࣺϰФǲɱģҹ̸ݷ棬ɱǵҲɣ
⣺ϰ¶Ľ޻ϵʱپѾˡңȿȣҲǷ£ϣҺţͬɱˣϡ˵ļбˣȫȫѲˣʱ㵲ǰ棬ʲô˵ע⡭Ҹˣǹ׼Ҳʵ²֣ɱˡǷŹҰɣɼ
ûİ
ϰ嵽ʲôͷ
֪𰸵һ⡣
ѰˣĻ죬ͼıԬҲƲҲѵصְҵɱ֣Ԭңһֱû˷֡
Ҳ͸˵ŶǺ⶯֣͸ˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôֻ֪֪ĺԲŹ߸ұˣ֪ҾͲӦģ
ؿ
ӢѾһţαװĿȸιʰ쵵ëʵֻһֻͺͺ
ڵ˵Լƣڹϡ
һΪ̤֮ϰ岼µľʱעΪƷ
ʵҲûõȥ
˶ϰӡ
ôϰأ

ߣ˭ӣ
ԡ
ƺȻ
ıӦò֪ƽؿĴڣͼıԬΪʲô
Ϊˡ
ĺ
ƽؿĶ
һﾪˡ
̲סһۡ
¶һ޶⡣
Ԭ֪֪ƽؿ滹жǷصģ
ҪʣѾʧѪȥ
Ϣ΢û
ཫָջأȥ
˽ܻϣȥ֮١
飡
һǹ콫Ļϣ
˾ͷһ

˽ܾԼ⣬ȹȥࡣ
ֻһͨͨѲΪʲôҪ
ϲѪӿһʱӽˮͲƵ
ҲͲЩ¡
˽һ߻Լݶƽİ
ΪԼµµΪе߳ܣҸƴһѣµͷŷ֣µµΪá
ƽǸ
ϰ壬Ѿ׼ˣš
˵˽ܴӺ˼
ߵߡ
ߵͷԲñµĿ˽ϣʱֱ߶סĸо
⡢λ֣Ǳʱץģʲô֪Ҳ֪ҪߣˣҾʲô˵ģĴ£һ𣡡
˽ͷᣬ˵涼״Σ֪Լ˵ʲôˡ
ȰϳţҪǡ
ŵͷֱק˽ܾߡ
飡
˽һǹ졣
ȶ˰ء
漴ԼûʹУǹǴԼϡ
ͷϰѾڷ￪ʼǹսˡ
ͬˣͻȻ֮ڧˡ
ʲôϷ룿
˽Ŀ࣬ʶһߣڼӺ档
һĹھȻҪɱҡ˽ϰ
ʦҲңķԸ˵Ҫƽȴģѻƽ̣ȻǲʹġŻص
˽ܸŴ棬ʱηηһ䣬һûģʵͽСǹɱ˺ţˡ
̲סϣλɱܾˣܼһС
Ϊ£ҪĶҲҵˣֻҪһƽǾɱˣ֪̫ࡣţûҲ³ϰЦ
Ҳġŵܵ࣬ı졣
˽ܶ仰û̫ӦϰķӦȴܴ
ԭ㡪úúã
˵֣ͶȻ
飡飡飡
ǹ죬ͷĵȫˣ
˽ǰʱֲָĺڰ
лҪ˵ңͬյҡ
ңǷʷʵҡ
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30 
ڰĿ־޷Ŵ
˽ڱ, Ʋס
ԼѶ, Ϲܼ˵ԬݵлƽʱԱ⶯ġ
˽, ¿ƵòȻ, ƽһ, ĳ̶ֻ²ԼС
˽û뵽Լһû, ȴס˫ط, ۿҪΪڻң̫֪ܲܿ
Լղڵ֮ǰһ, סһЩ
շ, ͼ, ͣǹе
˭ܲµԬݵĵ£һôܣ
˽ܶǹе֪, ղŻ, һɨ, ·𻹿߻ǹ㲿
ֱڣԼˡ
һ˼ңνײ裬˵ףǮǲɻȱģԬľ, ҲڻƸΪǮ
˭ڵҰշ
߻ǹѰɱϮһ|ǹӡַ1883꣬ս﷢شõػǹһֻսϳ֣ķս¾ֻǹһ֮ڴüӢ
˿ΪʲôڴϺһլĵң
ѵԬżĴ֮󣬻Ҫɽ԰׼ı
ֻ˭
˽ܲ˼ȥӺһСľͻǡ
ֻҪְҪ˳ռˣüȥǾ͸ˡ
ڰǺڰ
ԶнŲ٣ݣһ
˽ܻ񾭶
ܿ죬ֹڰ
֪Է˿϶ŻѰҶֵ㣬ѵ˸ɵм䣬ֻصС㣬˽Ҳ֪˾Բ¡
ֻԼϧԼСˡ
˼֮ʣȻһ
˽΢㶹ʶҪг
ͱסˣ
ҡ
˽ܵĶܸоԷѹš
ࡣ
˽ܶʱ̱亹ȫ
ԷΪʲôôŸԷˣһﻹǹ»˽ʲô˵
ཫ쵽棬˽ܽ⿪
Űúַܽרҵûһ㼼ǽⲻġ
ͷڰﴫصĶ֪˭С˼ϵĶ漴ǹ˫Ȼڻ̽Ҳ˺֡
˽ܵһ£ˡ
ʱֻüһۣͳ׺ˡ
ֻܴжϣӦڽ䣬ʱᱻ
һƶͲһˡ
һ⡣
ץ˽֣ܵд¼֡
˭ڴ
ƶϣһӦϰ塣
˭ֻǽ֮ǰ͸ϰ彻ϻˣ
˽ܶ߶£㷴ӦҲд¼֡
š
ྪɲ
Ϊ˽Ūˣд֣ڧ
˽ܼ˻ظԡ
飡
һǹ
˽һ
ԶϵĶµӱƷ£ЧӦ
һ̣о߱Ų٣ַǳѸ٣һѾ˱
˽ܸоԼק𣬵קסֻ͵ɿ
󱳱һߣ˲ݺײԱ߼ӣķͷ£ʶֻܿż¡
˲࣬ŤԷһץסԷǹ
ԷñסĲ֮һҲԲסɿЩ°һȭðǣ
һ΢Ĺâ
֪˭һյú͵ƣڲԶĽ䡣
һ̣࿴Էģ
ȻǸոոⲫֱţ
һˣô˲临ֳ
Ǿֻܡ
ҪôһǼٵġ
Ҫôˣš
ʯʶŤͷȥཫ˵ڵأ˲һ
ֲ֮ǰܹˣԴκģȴѰĺжҪк߹Ǳɨһƣʱ۵˵ֱסڵϡ
ԷָԽԽֱӾ
飡
ǹ
ߵġ
ǹѾ߿ˡ
Աһ¡
룬ûȣֱڶԷ|Ҫϡ
˽ҲѾǹ׼ſһǹ
ȥ
ѪļӿŲƣ˽ܣ
߸ûӦô죬ͱ˸ţǹ߻ֳ컨˼Ρ
оԼϢѪζ
ƵģҺӱǻ룬ֱȥ
Դ廹أҡҡλβԱᣬһ˿΢⣬ҲŤεģӰɢ޷Խ
̲ס۾ȴһѪ
Լղű˼ȭ°һȦ۽Ҳˡ
ǹ¡
˽϶һѪ
һЩ
ԴȪӿѪ֪һǹԼ￪ģղŸвǹ߻ӵѾȫþ
δüӦѾƵӡ

ϰ
䣬壬ڵµĳ
໹ǵ¿ȹݸϰ򽻵龰
ͬһȴ˵ȫͬķ
ǰºʵȣŵȳ
飬һǹͬ
಻òϣԼˣҲɹϰȴû뵽Էαװ˳̶ȡ
ղûɱǸѲҲɱǣҪɱѾˣֻҪǰҰѶҳ飬Ҿ͵ûз
ϰٺΪ˰ǣûٿһֻվ֮⡣
˽ܿ೯Լ˸ƣʾأƶ
Ҫʲôô㣿
һ˽ǵ
һļ
ʲô֣
ģҲӢİ档
ҲģܿӢġ
ܺãмյûõú͵ƣȻңļ
֪Լһʱˡ
ϰ뿪֮ǰ϶ͨͨڣļ˵϶ҪСʱ
ȻǵƿطΧǰ¡
㻹һͬأ
ϰ巢ֻһú͵ƣ۾
ָָſڵķ򣬡ղˣˡ
ϰǹңңָ˻Σҹȥ
ߵſڣϰȻ˽ܿǽţͷѪ۾
ϰۣǸһȥȹݵˣôˣ
ࣺ¶ˮԵͷԷɣһүϴѾˣôܸۏˮ
ԷЦǶµ³
̾˿ڼĪͳɱ˷ǲһΪԼϴ׷鵽ҲͲῴ˼޵ϰôһˣ
ٷϻϽļϰ
ߵǰ
飬ȫһһļ
ÿһǰ涼˸ǩ
ҪǷļͷĸʲô
ϰ壺ҲmҲn㶼ҡ
ࣺأʲô
ϰ岻ͷ˵ҲףһЩеͼͼļȫҳˣ
ͷĸǡm͡nļʼһҡ
ƹ΢鷳ÿĶϰʱˣǳⲢвʹ಻òڿ
ļԽҳζҲԽٽ
࿪ʼûһҲԵ˵ӣҽԬģҽҲˣݺɱˣұöлġɱˣЩ˿϶ҲŹ㣬˽ٰĻƽˣ㿴ô
ϰû֨
㲻˵Ҿ͵ڿˣ϶϶Ҳ˵ģ͹ôˡ
˵ľǣȴˣڣͷͽܻʦ棬⣬͸ҪһڻһֱѵĸоҶǵá
˵Ҹղˣôﻹһ˫̥𣿡
ϰƺڿˡ
ô˫ֻ̥Ҫѵоֹϰ߶һòвͬҲ˲ֺĴ㶮ʲô
Ȼ¿ȹݾӪôãҲû˻ɵϣݱ¾Ͳһ㣬ҪΪͽҲ̽ңұ֤ĺȣ
治֪ı£ϰôݶˣҲϲ˵ɷϣĻɢϰעƵһƵϰ屳
㣿ϰЦ㻹õҽ̣ҿҲúܣϧ
תǹֱֱ׼ƣ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ӵһԾϰ󱳣
ǹϰ屻˵Ҳӵƫˡ
˲һ޷ðտǹϰƶһ㣬ֱ߿࣬һǹú͵ơ
ǽյú͵Ʊ򷭣˳úͺܿϵļ
ǹϰ첲еƺһۣƺҲƵСȡ
ղѪͿ˸ͷװ˽ͻȻһԾ𣬳˲֮ʣקͷɿһߵźӡ
ȫը|ҩлͻᱬը
ҪովȹԼ˽ܲŲ
ࣺȳȥһȥˣ
˽֣ܲﶼǻˣҲϰը|ҩ
һ㶣˾ͱק˳ȥ
ǰŲŸӳ죬ʹ¡졣
ҡ
һСͱը
ϰϧƻ档
ඨһǳĵطǸոսȥڡ
ԬݺǶС¥СԺ񷿵λá
ԶĿտݵأͣһ
ˣѼñڼпˣһֹһǹ
Ȼϰ֮ǰӦǵˡ
һһ˽
󣬱ըĵңһƬš
ѣ裬ڵĴ
е˽ץԼֿʼˡ
ֻҪԷ֪˽ϰը|ҩֻҪһǹͿ죬ȥոĿš
лҪ˵555һͿ԰һˣӦþǵһˣȻǾʵһϷ˾ƵĶǶ~~~ 
ĩѼ٣ǰ99ͺ




31 
ǰֻвʱ˼
Ǹոշըĵ, ԱԬݺԺСš
ק˽, ſڡ
ÿֿ죬ǵոձǽڵ˲, ʹǹ졣
ӵ˰벽, ſ, Ǿ벽֮ң
˽ܾҴϢһ仰߰˰꣺Ȱϵը|ҩɣ
ھŸ, ˫ֻĲ, ʱܽ
ˣŲԽԽ, Ѿܹ
ֻС¥ء
ⶰС¥, ԭԬ˿ڶʢʱ, ҲסԬĽúңװȻȥ¥ݣÿ㶼з䡣
˽ȥֱ֮¥
ٽȻȥǷֿ, һ˴һߴȥ, ʲôù, ܣ
˽ܣҡҲֿң
ࣺ
Ҫ˵ǸƯĹҲмеٿˣ࿴˽˸Բʵϧ
ˣֿܲ, ҵŻȥģ
ʵûж˵ˡ
ԼӴʮǰһ£Լûһ찲ӣۿѾˮ棬ȴҪĴַӶпܱͷڷ
ͷһķۣûеƣҲܸоԼת֮Ƶģͷؽᣬƶ䣬ﻹһңץ¥ݷһŲȿչȥˡ
˽ܽץݣƬ̷룬ֻûٯٯɽ˺ˡ
׷͵
¥¥ݿ¿ܿһӰſڽ
ƤЬľذϵĶ˵ģ¶Էˡ
ôֻһ
ϸ룬ཫ˽ƽһ䣬ָŷĴʾ⡣
˽ֲֻɿ֣ǰǸ񣬱˸ţһصļƤ
ԼؽŲܵȾͷķ䣬ЬŲ뵹ڶ䡣
߽С¥
ĽŲܾȣƺҹйľ
С¥ûеƣʶѻѼñ
ȥƣַܿ뷨
ʱûƣŸж
ԷȻȥв󣬵ѾϰȥԴÿˡ
ѭ¥ߡ
ƤЬľϷйɵ춯ö°ʱһ̡
ӵϣԷĲҽУ͸еˡ
ţѾԶһԲɲɫǹȾ𣬶׼һ˵ĳȣվƬ̣һȥ
š
ֱһ߿
ײǽַĴ
¹⣬һࡣ
һСռ䣬˶ѡ
ӵĿɨźλãתǰһ䡣
һȫˡ
ʣһ
ܼž쳣ţԷô̵ʱܵ
οͬ黹档
¶ԷӴߣҲʱ
һķŽգšһšȻ򲻿ȻǴӺ淴ˡ
Ȼ
ЦǹֱӶ׼һ£߿ţ
࣬Ӧǰ˷ĵģд󴲣¹񣬻Ǹ׼䣬жϴҡ
һȥտյǰ¹򿪣ȥϴҲ쿴˸ա
ܵߣ
ûнӡûԽĺۼ
˵Էûܡ
ǾֻС
ȥף
ͬʱһ
۾סڰϵҲ£
飡
飡
ûҽУһѾšסʹǹ˦ɣԴҲһУ
һУʯ𣬾һ룡
ӷԼС˶Էܿץסڵ˳һ
ԷҪȻôӴ
Ȼ̽ͷһ̣⳯Էͷ­ݺײȥ
ԷӦݣһ¾ȻˣûӸое졣
ε񣬳˵õԬݵĶǰϰڣ˱仯ӻлб
ѵϰԤ֪Լ³Ԯַ
˼䣬ѾС
ڸɱ˵ĻӺܿ췢һܡ
ԷӦȻ죬Ҳʹȭȫǿ֡
ôֻҪ֡
ۣĶһƬķУٿػԷ

˽ܾԼ̫ˡ
¾ôһʯվסΣ÷ץס⣬ˤȥ
¥
¥¾ǲƺˤȥǻҪġ
οϻը|ҩ
뵽Щը|ҩ˽һᡣ
Уһ¥ǽ壬Ŭһֻڻ
սǵһ棬ӵͬǱ
Ƴ˽ļ٣ͼ£Ӷ¥ȥ
ը|ҩֻ쳤ȥ⡣
˵ģҪ쵽Ҳеѡ
ֻʱ䡣
֮󣬶Է߹ֻҪ̧ͷͻῴ˽ܡ
ʱڡ


һ
˽Ĭҧҧһ£˫ץסԵһ׹
ѽ
гϽס̨˫ǽȹ
ѼñѾ߹ˡ
Էḻ;飬ȻȻ̧ͷ˽ܡ
һ֮ѼñǹѸͣҲͬʱ򿪡
군ˡ
˽롣
Ѿ׷׼ˡ
ӵϣ˲ըȴĻһѪģķѡ
̫ˡ
˽ܾãⱲźģǰھԼֹŮ˽ܵʱϣԼᣬôҲҵɼңҵһƯϱ
ˡ
¹ǹŮֲ֣ǲеҲܸ
߰뷨һը˽߻أ񱻵ҡεĲԫߣûиоӵϵʹ
˺ü룬ŷ֣Ƿ
ȷе˵Ƿĵ
ˣ
˽һѼñû˵ʶըĵط
Ͻʹһ嵹ڽ
˽ܾδըԴ
Ǹոճĵط
ؿ⣬ַ˶αը
˽֪ܺԼȡİΣ
ס֮˼ֻˣֻڣ׶༪ˡ
ϰĺɣ˽滳ƴӶԷĿԡ
̾Ϣһܵſ̽ͷ̽ԣûߣϽȥҾȱ

Ѫ˳Ÿ첲£ֱۣȾ죬ֵδδڵϡ
ѼñʬϷ𣬶˿ڣסס
ã˿
Ѿǲ壬ԼǶû˽ˣڹͷԣͰˡ
ǰûܹصˣЩǿüĶ֣ڣʲô
ںڰﲻյ
Ų˼Ѹոձߵǹõ֣ץŴסΣ򴰱ߡ
棬һӰըԴ
ǹԥ
ԷӦ
ȷԼ˶ԷȷǷҪ
ź죬ྐྵһͷһĺ
ǰʪģֲѪǺ⣬˲
ǰҷɣÿα۾һμѵĳԡ
ߵ¥£ͷҲأһѣұˡ
͵͵ں˽ܣ
ǲǺ׳۾˽ܿҡҡλεʶȤɶҲû˵Ͻס
ը죬ӵúܿ죬ٹ˶þͻѵС¥Ҳǣɽȥ
ڵϵѼñһ
ӦǱһǹˡ
˽֣̽Է
䲻ԷͻȻϵ¶һǹ
ǹٿض׼˽ܣ
ǹ죡
˽һ
ѼñĶ˸Ѫ
˽Ҳֱ̱ڵء
ڼˣ˲ίʵˡ
ϵܡЪɣ
˽ʵ߲ˡ
֪ԼӦȥըĵطǷϣӦøϽȥѲֹӦʷ˹˹Ӫȡ
һָҲˡ
ûӦ
죬оﶼѪ
˿֮Իǿάѣȫƾһ˿־ڳš
ۣĵط
·иˣﻺ߳ӳڻ֮Уͬ
ƣϰ壿
һʱֲˡ
ǹȴԼ
ʶͷŨỤ̃ʹƺ̽¹⡣
Ҳʱˡ
໺ۡ
лҪ˵һһ䣬δģڵڶｻ 
޸Ĵ֣Էʱһ㣬ΪǸ⣬100~~~




32 
ŵ˻㡣
ӭˮ, Ũ, ѣʱڱǻ, ͼռ, Ȼ˿˿Ƶ, ڶϢԽϺ, Խʡ
˭ҵ÷ˣ
ԴڽӴ۰ɫ˲, 
תתֻصҽԺ
̾Ϣһ, Ա˲ˡ
ˣ
, СŮ, žϲ
㣬еϤ
գգۣŨױĨƯŮãȻƬ̣ڲ
, ʶŮ
, ҵˮѵ촽
æˮ, ߣԴι¡
㣬С⣬κһˣܡ
Ҳ⡣
ΪᣬѡӶԷӹӡ
Ȼƽʱ໨˺ü롣
, ôҵģ
˳˼ҹģҪȥִڣˡһƻƤʱʱ̧ͷһۣˮ١Ҷ˵ˣǱݵģҺϴˣʱ㱻ץߣҲ㡭
ص㼯һ䡣֣ץˣ
ɻ󣺡ֲǶը𣿱ֽдġ
ࣺбֽôҳ򡣡
Ρ
ûУĲУȻȥһݣ
û෴ӦͲŸ߸ЬܳȥһֵŵŵŻûһݵ籨
Ԭݰ䶨׾Ȼ
ʶıκһߡ
һ棬Ϻ¶пʼдԬݱըᵽ¿ȹݵϰ壬Ϊǿȹݵĳͣڵ֪֮󣬾˴˽ӽͨıԬҵĲƲϧˮһգոһ𺣡
֣ϰƽƺʩΪˣһĲɷþǲţ˵ϰ岻ǻɳµˣߣϰǲǱԩġ
ᵽԬʳ̹ѲǷϥӣԬһЩڱĲƲ˼̳Уֻʱ乫Ԭùû졣
ĿⶨԬС¥ŰĺڰƬϡ
꾡ģҲ˲ٹΣݱֽĹ˵ݼЩţҲŵȥ
Ҳ˵ΪԼģʵдȥˡ
֪ݱʵġ
ϰȻĺֻ£ܹʹöŵˣҲĻʹ
ԬǰĹùֹһΣҲûб
ƻŽأʵֻǸ֪оС񿴵ģԣֵûС
ôˣþòе㵣ġ
ҡҡͷϱֽڿҪ¶ƣ̬ίͿֱͣӱһ£Žˡ
ͣһ㶣ٳ࣬Щʹ죬ະʱֲͬˣ·ӺɰĴһԾõ죬ޱȻЦӭȥ
ңȻѣ¶ϲڿʱЩ⡣
λǣ
ӭãҽѡ
û˵ԼϣҲû˵Լڶ飬ǹˣңĴﲻѲµ
ãĽ㣬лƽǣôһѣظ˲鷳
æûе£˵ˣҲܵģֻ֮ǰҲļҽԺ
ңЦģڿû£Ҳ÷ˣᣬӦǻѧɣѧУϿεʱ䣬ȥɣҵˣ
ֹһֶԼְҵݣǿЦЦֻǡ
һߣң͵򲡴ϵˡ
㣬춼Щʲôˣ
ںǸŮֻ糾ɼʱӹˣ
ң־ţԴϺһȦɴջû֡
Ҫзı£͸ϽҸĵϱոŮ˻һʲôϢ
౻ͷۣңҪ״ˡ
Сӣ
ң޲ðԼϵˮֱ
أû𣿡දˣһҲûţʡ
˵òᣬ˵ǹڣҲûд󰭣ˣǰŵ䣬Ǹڡ
ң񶼼ǵ౻ƳӣҪɷסֻµ̱ȥˡ
ôԼŪģ׷鰸ôΣ⾯첻粻Ҫˣ¸һݣʲôҪҪƽ
㣬εε飬ǲǾûϵڻ˵˵Ҽ׷ǶԵģҲģһ˻ϴɱɣ
ңֱֻϣۿʱˣ
ϵ˭ģ
ңûޣֻߵߣŪһѵĶ
лõģҲгԵġ
֪ĵܵܵȷͦ˵ǡ
رŮˡ
ǸղŵǰйŮҲο
ң۲ΪֱǼȥġ
֪ǳ˼ģＸƣһ㣬ǻ㻹ûѣǺܿˡ
ǺװĻƱףǸӰǺװ𣿡
֪ܵܵ˰ɣ
ңһڣ϶㿿ȥҡײƭ
ࣺ
ңȻȻƱûա
ٻ㡣
֪ϲװȥɣҲӰ
˵꣬Ȼһ¡
֮ǰʱǼȥˣ
ʲôǼ±Ū࣬ˣҸȥ޲أǷ첹ˣҲֻ͸ȥˡңΪϧ
ࣺ콫ҷЩ棬ó
ڰַָˣȻɶϴˣҪʲô
ܣǣˣ㲻ҿһۣ˯ţ
ңֲֻȥϴҽǽϵĴ
õʱ򻹵СΪմ˳ÿԭǻɫģȻǳɫѣȫûˡ

ңµݹȥͼһץȥȥһɲһ¶ϲɫȴҪʡ
浽ʲô㱦ģ
౧·֡
ȥɣҶȹƽ٣ҵĻֵˣҪ˯š
ң
ཫǼòӵĴ§ڻƵģֻûȥһڡ
ңӿҲײˣһĻѰ
Է§Ŵ£ʼˡ
Ȼȥɣøأˣûµġ
ңƬ̣ʵû취ֻ뿪
ԼעŵҪʲô£ʱлʿٸͷϲĴͰ档
лл㣡
ңһߣ·صĶͳ˵࣬ϲɫ
ĸС㡣
Լƽ

С㣬д㣬һʮ౾ģɵʵֻ̫ۣ˶Σô˵Ҳһʺơ
ûüǣŽ
˭ôûòҲã
æѴһӸϡ
Լתνˡ
ˣֵôͷ󺹣ҪҪҽлʿ
ࣺãͻȻٺġ
ƣ
лҪ˵ˣ֮ǰweibo٣ΪСèͻȻ˵״ҪҪȥҽԺ£æһ£ԳٵˣҲˣȡʷʡ
ΪǸ⣬100Ѽ~~




33 
, ô𣿡
´, ¶Ź顣
Сڴﲻԣű˯, »ƽŲĸо, ʯƤ⡣
೶һĨЦݡ
ۿĻ֮, ܲôܳģ
һ߼, ѵ, ˹ӳһȳһߵല¡
ů, 㻹űӻðѴ§ţ
Ѵ§øһЩҲһ빲ֵ, ˭ܰǷֿ
Ƶı͸ǰңһģһ
̾˿, ӲŷĿڴóƴİƬֽ
ȿ
ֽƬһļһҳ
Ҳԭӡ
ֻֽܿƬԼӢĴʾ䣬ǲġ
Եںڽƣּ뻹Сսĺڶ
Ƶ磬Դһļ, ȻֻôһƬֽ
ʱ, ֻбĸΣ
ԷֽƬݹʱ, ŷŷİֱҲбչ˺ۡ
־ӦǸЩԴйءϸĵʣӢ乫˾
м仹ƣˣ˾1920һҩƷйӦԼܷΣվ档
ȫ, һҿstreet fightiĸҲngսΪʲôᵽս
ֻܿôණõһļǲ֪ࡣ
ʱӺܿ죬ûüļȻҲ档
ƻ֮ǰ龰ǧһ֮ʣûиǺܣŤͷȥǽڣǰŸߣűը˵̮ƺòܵ㣬ϰ׷ᣬҲں
ƱѺҲһߣϰȴϷŹԷ¶̫ϢֱһǹѺΪڵ¶˷˲ʱ䣬ȵαըʱˡ
°͡
ûϵһȫòǿԴƲһ¡
ԬҵӦþǸļ˵һ˹ģνĻҩƷҲֻһĿѡ
Ҽǵã1919꣬սոսûãŷͬձԻʵˡʵϣʩûܵõʵ
ƣܶԲ͹ؾҲŷֻϿ϶Ҫһ£ԲҩƷ塣
ࣺЩִ֮һֱûгϺɼˣڴ˵أֻǺûóôˣʮǰϺʲôܵΣվ桯
ʮǰ飬ԣǺһȥ
ӡУϺԿ深٣µҲ١
ǻǾսʱ򣬶Ϻ
ϵĵ̡
֥󡭡
Ժӹһ
ʱϵͷȻʮȥЩҵţҲδ֪ιָЩкιϵ
Ȼһ뵽һԡ
ӵ档
ԬӢˡ
ƺȻڵ
ʱϵͶձҲӢ˵ձ漱ţ󱬷ͻӵԲ׼һԱʱ֮衣ǺƱ仯ϵҲ½ʧƣûϡ
˿֮ǰլӵӢˣݱضҲ򵥣ΪʲôͻȻ·ӺĶۣȵȣֻԶϸ޷׷顣
Ԭ֪ܿܲƽܣ򲻻ԼĴĻƽھ棬ô˭ԬƼӣƼ֪֪صܣͲö֪ˡ
ˣܴܿӢµϢ֪ܣԲɳϰ壬Ļõӡ
ϰأʡ
ҡͷ֮ѲڸƺĿǰֻҵʬ壬϶ǺϹܼңųз֡
ϹܼұŴڶڴңԹ˲ϾȻҲû޷ĹܼӪȳȥ
ࣺ¿ȹݣ
ƣҲȥˣʷ˹Դ˹ȥģһûܣȫץȥˣӳʽʲôҲ֪ϰһ׵׵ĺ˺Ͷˡ
ǺϺĽ
֪Խ࣬¶Խ죬ϰĻȻЩСϸϱ¶
Ǻйǿ޷ϰϵɣҲȷ䡣
˽ܡ
ƣˣˤһȣû󰭣ܱûá
û⣬ӺܿͻԽ᰸ķʽһ䡣
ɱָˮ棬ֻ֣𺣣ͷβʮַȺϲּѭӦˬ֡
ԬݻΪ棬ͬʱҲȥ˺׷ټõ鷳ʷ˹ҪĽɶ潻˿ɾڱֽϴܴ꣬Ĺ͡
ԣɳױϴ壬ҲʧΪһ¡
ο
㲻
ƿڱ΢Ť
Ȳ󣬵ýۡ
Уе
§·ܲüְǼߡҽлʿӣ
ࣺãһ˵ģŮܲףȻԼˡ
ƣ
ɻǵ賡ӵ̸ЦһĻٿĿƬϵĿںӡѰǰ˵Ůܲסϵ
תȥҰӡ
ĺ˼ȻȥϢɣҿҲᣬϽȥϢɣùˣ
û˵꣬Ѿƿıӡ
ŷԼϲ䣬¶һƬ׻ĶƤмɴ֮ǰͱ˵ĵط
ܱ߳겻ĲλŮ˻ҪϸƤ⡣
ʲô
˻һҪȴ˵֣۵һѾȥ
ĸСȻĿ
Ӳڵ˸â˵ջ
δü֣ԷѾûȵĲƲ˳ˡ
컹ң
С㣿
ư־ٸߣ๻ţֲܷ
ҽҵģզأģ컯ջٷˣҪҪ
ЦЦĻƽ滹ų
ĲôҲ㸻׼еҵˣ
ƣȻԡȻˣһͷʴ㣬ģٻ㡣ǣҰȨ㱣ܣӻЩŮϡ
ЦˣģҲ̫޳˰ɣ
ƽСڴζ
ܿͻлҵġ
ӿģûԺֱңѹ
Ʊ׼Ժؼһ
ÿһأԼˣҲǲӶ˹͵ˮˮʮºڿԳԺʱǵûһȦ
һص֣˼
һĹȴ¶ʹı飬æջ
û°ɣ˻ûð
˿ˣһۣԬݱճʲôҲˣôȬҾǱҽԺˣʵڴסҽҳԺģ
˼ЦǸã˫ϲţ뷹˲ܺȾƣҲǿ㣬ԵǺȰ
һӻ˵ı飺˫ϲ
˿ڻûȬ˵һ뵽ԼĸС㣬ƵԴšը㡣
˼Ҫˣ
лҪ˵иbugĸĽˣ²زס϶֣ӦС㣬Ѿ޸ĹˣµľͿԡ
޹صС糡
ƣһ¡
ࣺϹˣ
ƣĸС㡣
ࣺ




34 
һ, 㻹ûʱ, Ϲˣ˾Ķ
ϹǽּߵǸͷ, Ϊ, Ц, ˳Ϲö֮, ֻǵǽ, ǰֳ˺Ϲ, Ȼ
ұΪ, 洺ֲ, ȥһ£òǰ׼ô, ֵܹɣ
˼ɫ, , ʶҪȥײֿ벽
Ȼأ
ȻʹϹŴȥоְʲô£ǻ£ǱôȻǻ£ǲǳͷˣ˷ͷ, 㲻Ҫˣ
˼ΪԼ߼еԺ
Ҫǰ참ľͷڻְô
˼ٺЦھָЯˡ
˵꣬Ӿֳ칫ҳͬţ͹ˡ
ȥһˡ
˼üŪۡ
㿴˵ܲ٣ܲٵɵðԼ䰡
ô¹ڣֳ߽칫ҡ
Ϲֳļ
沿ܹˣһббİ̺ۣǡȻƣЦʱ򲻽ϣЩϲŭð
룬˼ô洺ģҲǾˡ
ã

ң
ֳһ̧ͷȻЦݡ
Цϰ̺ۣίʵЩˣֳƺԼҲʶˣֻǻºˮ
סĴ˸
ȥоְ£һ˰ɡ
ֳ˵ʰļ
ɫǰ˳赹ˮɨɾ¼ñֳϡ
ֳȻˣǱ˵ǰôûô˲ţ
ԺһЦ
ֳǸĥˣ˵߾ߣ˾СſڵȺͷ˺
޹СආƽʱҲӴоֵˣôͻȻҴȥǲҷʲô
ֳںĿ
ǰʱ䣬㲻ǾһϺɱ
ࣺǣѾˣ֮ǰѾó˼ˣ¸õӰ졣
ֳ¶һ˿΢ЦҲ˵ˣȷǱ޹ǣȥģ˵㻹Эբƻ˰׼ù鰸
ǫ飺ⶼǽңҲûˣҽ׼ҳԺģ˵ҸһҲˣþһϣϵ£µ˾ҪⲻϣǿҪҽû취Ҵ˻ˡ
˴ֳ꣬һ۾͹ȥˣյƢ֮ãǵûд࣬񻹸ˡ
ã˾͸ĳսһҾһֱĬĬ۲㣬Ȼҵڴ
ࣺ
Ҳ̫ˡ
˵󲻴˵ССƽʱλֳȥҴңҲû棬οýֳԼ
ѵȥѾõϵʵţȻҡһ½磬ٶҲ¸żȮ죿
ͻȻһԾΪֳܲĴڽ£޵Ҳǹڣ
пպ˼룬Сһ·ͨ裬ܿ͵ִо֡
Ҳ̶ֳ֪Ϊʲô֮ˡ
Ϊои飬гʹﶼϯˣǰ߻Ӽֳࡣ
ȻҪࡣ
λЭԬݰӢ½ܳľ֮㣿
гڣоֻƾֳҲڡ
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ơ
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ħõ飬Ȼˡ
Ҫۿ඼š
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ĸСĳˣ˿װվڼࡣ
ñâؿ廰ߵȻȻò۹ϡ
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죬ְˣ
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ࣺ쵼˾ߵҲͽ־ֵģְҲ̫ͻȻˣ⻹һͷˮأܸܲ㲦㲦
ֳҲͻȻֻסԺ֪֪ͨǰվˣߴߵüȹڽĹЩʱҲϢġ
ࣺǾĹְʲô
ֳоֹ
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ֳղǼˣ;ֳԱλˡ
ࣺ
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ڡ
¶۵ı顣
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ƽʱġϹѵĳ˵䡣
пԣֻܼһЦݣлٽ̻壬һģ
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ⲻʲô£ղѾ߰˰ˣигĽӼӵļӳɣίʵҲСˣ¿ȻСã¾
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ٷԼ
Ѿ뷴ˡ
ͬһѧУͬѧ϶ͷԩңУڱһ¼ֻҪһ뵽ԼĽг٣޿ĸо
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
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ɹˣ
వѵΪ֮
ٺãҷǰ
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ࣺ
ü㲻ΪǹҪˣҪĥİɣ
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ƣ˽֮ͬʷ˹ȥоֽ˰ʱϻ¹ĻƾֳԷоֵĹʣǾܾģʢȴֻΪѣΣ΢֮ΪЧ͡
ࣺα⻰˵̫αˣ㿴ǽǵıڻȥˡ
ƣأҲң˵㻻һݹʲôΣգһ룬оô˵ҲְȫһǸ϶⡣
ࣺ㣬ָͱˣҽ϶ġ
ƣԭְλ̫ˣͻȻһо֣˿϶˵л˾ҲδؿϷˡҾ˳ϵ´һ£˳˳֪ĸС˰ɣ
ࣺĸС㣬ϵ´һ飿
ƵͷǲԼ˲٣Ƿҵġ
ࣺ
ΪʲôҪôǷղŲӲ粻ô
ƣģҲϢģѾ˵ˣʱල㣬ÿĹϽһ룬ծⱻȥƵء
ࣺ
ЦЦţףΪá
ǳ鶯΢΢ŤоҪƲס֡
㶼ҽˣô֪
ƵıͰףԴһµ
Ϊõ飬֪ôࡣ
ࣺô٣Ժİ칫һ֣ԭĶ
ָָ칫һӡ
ɡ
̧ͷͷ
Ժÿ춼ҪƤ¸ɻˡ
һƬҵҧס֦ȥҶӣջҪߣͽ˺۱ء
ȴû̫Ӧʱ䣬Ͱһļ
ҵóȥһˣҰݶȥľ֣½ĸֳУ˳ļ٣Ѷûɣ
û֨
Դ΢΢š
Щ壬üëͷҲƵڼҵս
ԭû͸ģ԰׵ɫһЩ
ֱۻɴɼûк͸
ɼͬѧΪ˾ʵһʱỹû׽ܡ
еЦе
ȷǹġ
ܸలŵְλܶ࣬ңʱȷ˳ֽߡ
Ϊڵ࣬Ѿʱྶͥ
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ûȥѧֻҵľǮ֪ӻ˼֮ûƭңͨĹϵһȶ¡
޷ȫͻš
ʱܺÿ
Զܿܿóùҹ̰СˣûгԶĿ꣬־ǣֻԼСӹøЩȻҲʱྯѹС񣬳ûҲ˶ѡ
С񣬶һ࣬һ١
Ȼʱֳܱ̫׽һ档
ǹǹʱҲܹϡ
ÿ춼пǹĻᣬҲÿǹܾ׼һϡ
Ҳ
ְǰѵһڷܿ̿ࡣ
ƺѰɢͬѧ̿ϵһ顣
УӦܹˣƽʱ϶᲻ˣҲӰǹȶɴ໻֣ضһܼѵḶ́Ϊһ˵ϰʮʮģǳϦܸ֮ı䡣
ԽˣƾԽǸȤ
ͽãһֻչˣҲһּӡ
˼Ժһֻм롣
ƾԷ͵ͦؾ
ǣ
͸Ű壬쳹¥㡣
⧲һɤӣ඼ų
ûԤϵǿʼ
лҪ˵½ڲ
Ӹдüͷţ12ǰĻһ½ų




35 
ȻΪ, ʵҲûʲô幤
ֻҪ, ʮ²Ҳʡ
˵, ְλֻͷʿ֮, ƺ, ҪǷѧУǱߣͷֻҪ࿴, æȴΪ, 㹻ˡ
ļ࣬öԷ͹ȥ֮, ԼͻصѧУϿΡ
ʱ, ˾ʱִ, ȥԤԼõĲ¥硣
Ƿ֡
Ʋȥ֡
Ȼǰ磬ˮ©Щ䣬ѡ, ɰڼ￴, ддۡ
, һĬôڲˣ˵ܻҪֲͻ޾鷳ֻгײ˵, ܶž鷳
ʱַǱزٵġ
Ϊ֪ʶӣЩȦƩĿˣǴӱ澩ǹμӻҲǹȷʫ˺ңǵϷϷͽְл÷ϷĲ¥ż䣬ϷԷ̸飬
ģ˲࣬ϲֵʱ
ǴӶ¥ȥϷ̨Աһ¥ϡϡĹڣһࡣ
Զкܣ£λ¿ҼªڱػЩģ÷궼ڴ˵ش̨Ϸġ
̫ˣԭǹҲǴ죬Լйˣαػ˴£㣬λǣ
ѿⲻ˵Ŀס
֮УװĵģҲгԲñģ赣ʱɫ
ҽһ£λǡʱຫۺλҲš
ֹжţ֮׹ĽѾãÿһáСдҿһζûд
ϵܹˣǵʫϺҲûٰݶÿڱģ
λǷѧڣҲϺо羯񴦵Ĺʡ
ѧЩ˵־İˡ
λ˹ȻûʲôӦ
нܵĸУֵʮϺɱһλ
ŻȻ򣬵ʱ˼ֹĿ࿴ζ
ԭƻİڱҲ˵ˣ
ⰸӣϱıֽˣ˺üڣǴͷ׷βģȷٻŽأҲп֮ʣҵ֪ǷϾǽϸڣ
ˡ
ͷһַû˶Լ˵Ļ
Ϊһˡ
һ¥Ϸ̨ǰһ
һһ
һףһ𻨸⣬һ販ʿոϵȲ衣
ŶȣһִϸŽãֱƼɴ
ΪԼۻˡ

ƻع
Ǹոտѣˡ
޷޷纰һԲ졣
ЦϲϷɣػš
ʢȴ˵Ҫ£Խ˼䰸龭ȻҲ㹻˾̾ѡ
ϾԵߵľÿ˶ϵģ߻Ӻ˵һ緢顣
ƽ£һֱ
һ㡣
죬ϰʱ磬һóȥļˣȴϷ
Լ˰ļ٣ȥᶫȥǲġ
ϻǲè
ЦһȻȻ̧ͷֳ¥¿ȥ
Цǡ
˲ˡ
ոջл׵ʧˣӰ١
΢΢ü
ۿֽй룬Ѱ˸뿪о֡
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Ӧûʱ䡣
ƻߵ칫ǰͣƬ̡
޶һƬ
ƶȻδƿš
Ȼû˵ġ
칫һӡ
һΣܱʼ飬̿ڷܣ̹ɡ
ŶԷ̧ͷһȡ
٣ôˣ˵𣿡
ƣ
ⲽȥ
µİֻֽдһб⡣
Ϻ¥ܱΰٵıҪԡ
ƣ͵ļôͺˣ
ࣺͺˣȥĵطֲԶҳŵʱȥ£˾˳һ̣ⲻþͿ졣
Ǹг飬˵˸Ӵš
λ飬Ҳţô׽Ӵˡ
ϰһ죬͸˼ҴϹϵöԷԸһ̡
˳糵Ҳǵÿġ
üϵܺýʰ
ǫ飺ⶼǸѧģ
ƣ
ôе㲻ζ
ҲǸ˰㶫ˣ
ûȥᣬһʱ¥Ƽſ˱͵ԣ뵽⣬дˣܲͷ
ζŶһʾʣֻǾûнȥЪЪţϷ
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΢΢ЦҹȻûпˣʱڷܻˣȻҲ⣬ܿдݱ𣿡
Ϊѵտִ̫ЩܷЩʱ䣿
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ࣺǵڣһɵġ
ƵͷǾ͸һ¡
¾ôҹȥˡ
ƻص˵ֵ¸ɻ䣬չ˵ͬѧ˼̫ࡣ
Գǣ칫ңֲǰĴܣࣿ
㲻ǻ˼дʲôô˵ҪܱϺҪȥܱص飬뾭ѣһͺ࣬Сƻûȫ˿ҽԺǼģæ֣Ҳеִǡ
ԽԽԾʲôѣô˵ģ
ֵʲôҲû˵ҲΪ˱ЯȫԼˣð
ƣ
ٿĪ磬԰仰Ҳ˵ɵ׽߶
ʱѾ̫ûüȥ׷
峿ƾֱȥҡ
ңȴһȥоˡ
ָֻо֡
³δüȥ칫ңӭ顣
һϵܣãľˣһȥǩְɡ
˵ֿһЩصĿЦ˵ӿһ·ͨ裬гһ˵ķòǱˣҲΪķȷϵܣǿ;ϣǵѧУǱߵĹרĸߵİɣ
ƣ
Ȼ֪ʲôԤһп϶Ѳϵ
衢࣡
ڵӰԺ׼볡˸硣
˵϶
Ƴէȣ£ӧùϵΪ뾭ĿΪ˻˰ͨĹķǵ޷Լ࣬Ȼڱ
ͷǺ
лҪ˵⼸Щ°סţӦþͿ8=3=
100ףĩ죬ԺúȺã



36 
Ӱӳ
ӰֽСԡ
ŮǶǵºպĵӰ, Ʊ, һ
š
֮ǰסԺʱ򣬺װ̽, ˳Ʊ, ң, ΪңǺװӰԡ
սңƱ˻, ֻԼһƱˡ
ϰ൱ֵ͵, ǰȻܡ
ǸֹʣʵϾǱΪ£, רŸĹнˮظɻв, ͷ, ź񣬻¡ʵϾÿ첻ȥо֣й, ʱ䵽ȥнٺ, ҲԲ˵л
Ȼ, ӰͲ¶ˡ
̧ͷɫ
շ磬ѩ޷磬̫ůͷΪµ˻顣
Ϻһ֡
ӰԺͷ, Ϊӳ˼Ѷŵȥ
вòƱΧűʱá
װַľ޷ɫӰ͹ͷɫСʵƣʱ¾һλĵӰǷеĴ
ȻеԴţڸǺװò
˱ûƼˣǿҲΪ
ˣˡ
ųӵڶߣСۺչԼΪĸ߼Ʊ
ţߵǰ
Ʊ𣿡
ôʡ
ǰƱļ۸ҶһݵǮգ룬Ӱֲֻһ죬ɶʱƶɣܶһǮ໮㰡˵ǲԷ
ࣺҪǶһǩأ
ʲôǩ
װױǩ
кСǩļٵģ
ȻģһӳĵӰƱһǩԪô
룡ҿڣ
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װǩҪõΪҽͬѧǺСھӣˮ¥̨㶮ɣҪŽȥӰĴۣƱתȥҲΪɣ
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գ
Ӱܷһʺƣ̰Ԫڴ߽ӰԺ
ͷǮСĿȻǮ˵Ī˵ԪһٿҲΪװķ˿ӵܣתֳȥһҲڻ¡
಻Ӱ
ڰ칫ȻȤЩ
ӰװݵŮǣΪ˸˸𣬴ĻǸͷ棬ӽˣʹԼ֮󣬺װ䲻ɱȴԼհϳˣʹɱĹ¡
ʱǰҵĹڣŮǾտı֮УжᣬС
ֻധԼСֽͷһŽһλ۾ͬʱУķ롣
ӰлĻʱװҲˡ
ʱɱתΪڡ
ַһǴӵм䣬ɫȹͷñ΢΢
ҹʱĹµЩͬ˿̵ĺװ£ɢţЦãһӰʱʢ
⣬ⲿԡֽΪСĽ㣬ҲΪװĴӰһʡ
Ѿȱ֪ȣʷҲѾԶԶһˣû˻ܾ
Ƭ´ǣȻַͺװֱ𽲻
йоأ޷˵ЩлݣⳡӳĹڣлŶӹȥ뼸λӰǩΪʲô֮ǰԭ򡪡ֹװַСڸǧҲ൱ܻӭġ
չŶҪǩӰҲвܹЩǧ𣬰Ҫǩ
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һȴԳǺװڵӰ˾Ա˵װոտҲˣϣȻӳ̨֮˵仰
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ӰǰʻҪİĵӰǺӰ
װΧȻġ
һ֪ʲôĻʮעĿװҲ̲סƯĻüۡ
ǻ˽ǰ·ɢ޵ر𣬷õװЦ˫ֽӹſҪл
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һ⵶ӻֱֱ֣װ
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ԺװĽ֮׵ӽ쵶ӳܲڣ˵
ЩӦǣ϶ά𾪴͵ֻ̣һ׮װݡ
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Ϊ˷һţֵͽֱߵڵء
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װɫɷף˲ʣ˭
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װں̨Ϣ
δӸղŵľлɫЩ˫һȲ裬Ҳûһڡ
ֱൽǿ񣬱ʾл
ղҪ㣬ҿܾ͡
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˫ۻһЩʪǿûϵͬһȪ⻪磬̨ġ
ˣ˺ȥ˺ֻ˵̬ܿܿ治С
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ʲôӰƱ
ʮߴ߽˳ڽһ䡣
һ룬࣬ɫѿ
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ȻʮܣװҲѾϰʮߴͬʱ𣬰ٰ谮ʱ˪Ū̬ȣⲢѿŭԼոһɱ֮
װһ
ղǿסˮҲ˲ߣױµ顣
ʮ߼״Цһǵûϧ񣬷
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ʮ߳, ûһƤ, οһȭ
нԵУȫڵϡ
, ڳ, ˵ȭк, ȴֺܿ챻Ʒڵء
˺ųƱڣʵҲֻǴĻ, Щȭ, ʮ߻ڷԣƽǰӵ, ʮ߶, һҲʲôΣա
ʧˡ
ʮߵĺ, ԲʮＸ
˿Ҳʹ
ʱһͽúҲûȫϡ
ղŶң˿ƺѿơ
ôҲʮڵǱá
ʮ߽ǰһ
װΪ붯, æס, ʾ뿪
಻û, ʮߵӣٺ걨ͷֻ¾ΪˣƷڵЦˡ
ʮߵĺйȻȻֹ
ݺݶסࡣ
㻹ҳǰ
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ʮЦΪҲ֪⣬Ҽסˣб뿪ϺֻҪϺһ죬Ҿеǰ취ʰ㣡
Цôʰң
ʮǰɣ˵ˣңǰȷڣҲǸӵܣ˵ߣҲֻһСԱŲ´Ьģһʰ򣿡
һ֣صʰҽлл
ʮߣ
ࣺ֪ҽ޸ҽʱҾͶºܲ⣬ҲûӣҪǰҽĹûˣҲȰҽôϻҲƼˣ֮ܳϯ¹ݵᣬʵΪĹӶҽ㣬һҵ½Ӧöл
ʮһʱ˵Ҳ֪ǱģǱԶԡ
ϳ
ȻʹˣҾȸˡ
װǸ⣺ʵڶԲסһӽ͵ģ߰ɣҾͲˡ
ͷҲصػӻ֡
뿪ӰԺջصо֡
ƾڰ칫ҵ
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ڳѾõļƣ΢΢ЦݣǺͰ
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ֽ˻Ρ
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ƤЦⲻЦһϲӰǳȥˣ
ࣺȻǣǳȥˡǷϺ¥ܱΰٵĿԱ棬ңһµʱ䣬ޱȸжҹص֮˼ڤ룬ҹδߣȪӿݱˡ
ƣȻһ͸һϲֱӰѱݽȥһݾѣ
¶˼ı飺ȷϲģû뵽ˡ
Ʒ֣겻λͬѧƤԽˡ
ҲڰһţƤǰһţƤˣƤûơ
㻹δҿͽĿֱӱȥǲ˭˾
٣ģҵΪԼ˵䡣һҵоֵʱþ¸гоſ·Ҳ֪оǽŵģ̧ͷͷȻҪкġ˼ƽ׽ˣæʲôէϰϰߣҾһһ˼һ㱨
һ޹ɫѡ
֪Ϸ֪ôݣìܵûϴ϶ԷĻ
˼ҷǵˣʾΪṩҾ밡ⶼǿϣҿ϶ܸԾӲͷƤΪĿ˾ѣгҲϾˡΪ˾мƻⲻһ춼汼Ϊƻ꾡ĵأ
ƿ˵Ϲʲôˣ
ࣺǣ¥֮ΰ̫ԭڲ¥ӣ̾û䣬͵ѲĿޣҲ޷һһ˼Ƿգస˲䣬Ҳܵһʱҵҽ齫ʾѻڸܱ߾Ĺϵϡܱߵ˼ңƽƽƽ￴ļѣ͸һЩǶȹѹأЩ˶һҼڼʮסڸģΧԱָƣһ㵱淢ʲôҲǳ䵱ǵߡ
ưû˵
Ҳ˵ȥ
ƣÿҪѣҲ֪ж䵽ʵȻиᣬܸôܰﵽˣȫֲΪ
ЦЦû뵽үһΣĳ
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û˵㿴˶ԷΡ
Ϊʵڲ֪˵ʲôá
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Цһ¡
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ƵĻɹĬˡ
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ࡣ
ĶڽС
ƣ
һ޹٣緹ûԣӶˡ
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ȵѧУһʱɫѾȫ
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ȻţǷݷƿˣûʲô©
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38 
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Ѽ࣬ţǣײ, ЩܵĻش, ɾ˶Χ¯֡
Ƽеļ硣
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Χһ̹ҵĴͳ
Ʋ⡣
⡣
ˣһ±ζһϲԻ
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ҹѵõ֡
ڣҲֻԶһ࣬ȫͬ
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벻ͨ㡣
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˵ÿ죬ȥҲ죬ʱ֮㻹һԴ࣬Ǿеˡ
Ȼ֪Ƥã𡪡
ԼΥһһףó˺Լļơ
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ࣺǲУ̫ˣҽ㲻ڣܵûȥͣһڼңҲġ
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һƬͨͨϺ࣬ҲܽһȤĹ¡
˵ǰиر𰮳Ϻ࣬ƯֳԲֻЩײ˽ͣʡԼ˵ӣô򲻵⣬ֻþŴײ˺ͷٷЩܲɹɵףھӽ⣬ôһȻҵ˵Ϻζ
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ࣺ㣬л㣬Ҳ鷳ǣҰҵæѾˣǿͬѧķϣ飬Ҳ𡣼ȻǲǣҾͶԶˣһһ˵㲻ΪҲˡ
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, ؼҾ˵Լˣⲻֻ߶߶, öӡ
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ͷȥ, Ȼ³ȥ͹ȥ
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Էܴ, أֱӴ𶯣ʹ͸ǰأûŻһѪ
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, ֻҪһСʱ˱ʧȥ֪
ûиᡣ
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һץסȻĹԼͷһַһƣԷԾקߣɣһ̣漴ߡ
һ֣ܿ˫ȵſѳɨֱײԷ˲Ϊֱӱײһľԣһˤ̨ףһץס࣬ȴץסֱӷ˸ѹ¡
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пеһζʱס
ֻȥʮߣƵˣҪһëҾҵ鷳ʮߣǸ常ʱԸԸʰ̯ӡ
п⣬һͳġʶǿ𣬲˶ǹˣһȳһ롣
߳ԶֱŤͷѾƶˣһǽתսǡ
ͣһ
Ϩ𣬵ڻˡ

ҡ£¶ʮߵİ
ôûãͬأʮһǱѾµ
ȫˣпаգиͻȻԳƣǹָңʵûӣһˣ¡
ûּۻ۳ɹ׾Ͱһ£ʱ̱˫ִҸ¼ס
ô˾ʾ
㣬ҿ
ʮ߶ݺݵ˼пһۣһѰ
ǷһˣҪͣһȫι´ٲܹˣ²࣬常Ҽ˹ˣȥҳ϶⣡
˾ʶȤûдйƵʮ߳׷й꣬侲ѯһ䣺ǱߣôѾ֣¿²ٸߵΪһ͵ң㡣
µ˵ֻʮߵļ
ĿһУڼ绽꣬ȴȻ˸࣬źúװ࿴ʮװһĴڣҲ޷Լƿأһˬ˼
ָͷṆ̀ʹ˲ǵð||ɡ
и߸Ϲ˵еͨʮҲ⡣
ҲټϺ̲ĴҲʲôΪԸС´ࡣ
䲻ðһƣͳΪʮþеı
ʮ߳ĬãŲʲԸһ䣺СҼķţͷٸһˣ
лپ֮ҪҪ
ǸɵĿǣϻŵЦ
ҪƻΪһ¶ûС
㻹ЦôԼվ
һۣ¶һ˿ʹ֡
ץס͵
ʹʹ
ˣ۵˻һ
󱳣ˡ
ÿҪڶˡ
ƺ겻ˣң֮󣬲ƵƵ״
Ȼӡ÷ڣùˡ
Ʋֹ֪
ܲߣ
̾˿Ǳܣ˵ֲȡ
ÿһǣ˴
󱳣ǰлָоֻ뵽һʡ
졣
ƺһקֱɰקϣķߡ
˾æСֽܹˣȴ̧°ͳſڵ㡣
ȥ˵һ˵һǱ߹ҹ
лҪ˵εΣĸ͵Զ̣㹻㣡
100ףΣ




40 
ƺܿΪԼһеڡ
Ҷϻ˻û, ˡ
ŲһŲ, ҺҲۡ
⻹û, Ҫȥ, ̫鷳ˡ
̲סˡ
ôͲ˵鷳ң
ࣺǶͬѧ, ʲô鷳鷳ͼˡ
ƣ
ࡣ
ոճͣ, Ŀ, ౳ϵһ֪ԷضƲ, ټԭԬҵ²ֿܵЩ, ˿̸̻Ц, ܲ
ҲѶԷ϶ȥ
Ҷֻж̶̼·
˾˵꣬Ͻܹ򿪳ŵ˲, ɽһ, ˸ӽ, ԼѸߵһߣޱ齻˾

ȥȻܾȡ
˵꾭֮ݾ̾תΪŭ
дʮʲôҵ˶Ҷ, СܣƤӵ޶ԣҵѪԾͶ㶪ˣ
̾˿ֻ仰©
ʲôʱҵˣ
ʲôʱѪˣ
磬磬Ҳմϱߡ
£һȥʵģ̫ˡ㣬ȥǮҽ
ȥ
γѣϽСܲȥͥҽ绰
㣬ûҪһˣ˯һͺá
𶯣
Ÿ绰ŴԶָסһ
·ʩԶ
ֻòˡ
ͥҽܿҩϹڷҩ
ȥһȥŪҹԡ
ư˸סˣǸճ𣿡
ǲɵˣ
㶮ʲôʵˮѪԺȡ
ü㣬Ҫǰܵܣ˼һ׽أֵõæǰæǲǶ̫ЩСı˻Ǯ
һЦҵӣֲǲ֪޷ԺԵˣ޲ðȫõĶ͸ǶҵԵοôúÿ
ƣصһɣ
ѽעԺһأŮԸҪʮ꣬ҲҪ׷ǲǳԴˣˮҶ׼һݵģ˭׵ܵأ
˵գҲ෴Ӧתַ¥ˡ
ת۷䡣
ҽڸҩ
ĺ󱳣һϺ콻ӵ˺ۺȻĿ
ڻֻǸո¶ٹСʱƤѪ٣ɫֻӿɲ
𣿡ҽһҩһѯʡ
ãſڴϣԴͷơðˣǱġ
ԹۣҲ˺ЩĿġ
費Ҫһļ飿
ǮҽȿͷҿһЩҩȳţ˿עⲻҪմˮÿʪëøɾɣ˯ʱǵò˯ſ˯
ƣ鷳Ǯҽˣ㡣
Ǯҽʰҩ䣬һȥ˳ִϷš
˵˵Ҳ¥ݵĽŲнԶ
ͷûãæ֮ʰͽƵķԼʱڶķϢһ
ưɾҲܼ򵥣һһûУͷϣ̨ƣҲ
ͷеĹˮζζҲԵݡ
ֻ˵÷̹һǸעظǱ̹
֮⣬ͷߵһ顣

ּӡ
üе⡣
ⲻư顣
ҳǩۺۣѾĶ룬һú档
ӡòȻӦûȽϲЩݵλ飬Ʃ硶ۡĦ˹̽ȵȣöСڰѹ±ٵƲĸȤ
ͣתȥ˹⣬Ҳ㹻ϸǵҲֻǴⰮѧ£չĶˡ
飬ǷЩˡ
˯¿һһϵϣ룬ְӷ£˳ڸֱϵ˺ۡ
Ǿ˼ȬҲܴӰ̺ϿʱĲңǼҼ»ֱ۵˺ۣʱƤֽ
ֱ֣濴ȥдʱԻ΢΢Ҳ޷
Ըʹ˵ˣ֣ҧ̣̿ѵǼּºҲʼֵĹܣѾûʲôˡ
䣬Ŀ˿ϡ
ֻƬ̣߾ƿɡ
ӣôڹȥҲȻཫڵ¡
ͷĽŲȥнֱ
ûӦ𣬷ǲŲæ£ϱӣۣǳ
һ˾Ž
Ÿ롣
ͷʢոõʵ
û˯ĻԵҹصΪġ
ͣҲߣԽû˯ֲᳳѾ˯˵ˡ
ûж
˯Էţ
һƬ̣ûȵӦת뿪
දһ£ѷȥͷߵ顣
˯⣬Դ㿴һߡ
䲻ٶȴ򿪣
žһ£ƹ
ֽڰա
Ŀԡ
ޱ顣
һ޹
װ˯
ǣ˯ˣϷҲѹ
뿴飿
Һ棬뿴ƽﶼЩʲô飬ѧϰѧϰĦĦ
߹ڴͷеء
ˮˣȻȻҪ߶
ŶһԹûٷ
ˮУḧοҹܾ飬˿ƺҲôˡ
ã
Է̵ĸ̾
Ƶ֮°࣬һȥѧУĻ㾡ʹоֱ𶯣Ǳһᴦʮֻ²ưոݣǳʲô鷳ˡ
ࣺһ裬䵥ʱ֣ܲܽԴаɣǲСĽʮߴˣǺã
ƣǴˣ֮һ¶ˣɵʲôضҲ͵͵ųԼСһЩҪ־͹㲻ǾӣСˡ
̾Ҫ־͹̫ڣ̫ϲԺˣһԶһ㣬Ҳɷˡ
ڲڰ£ʲô
ˣôװ˯
ԾղŴӺ嶯ȣë
ƺǺһЦΪİĵطϰ˿˯ղҽǰѵƹˣϸģ˵
죺û뵽˹۲΢Ǹ÷ñطģ²һԧ˰ɣ
˵ļҹﵹùףƵĵȥʲôһ
Ҳû뵽Լ˯쳣
һҹΡ
յ֣յһ
Ǻװġ
лҪ˵һ㣬100
Ѽ




41 
Ǳһɴ˿͹ġ
˿谵, Ż̴ζ
˵ǽ
⿪, ˿һӡ
Һɫľʣľмøɸɾ, ȥ˳޴̡
ľ½ǿһ, 滹
һ֡
, ޥġ
಻ûչҲûչ˵
ԵĲ˵, ѧʱ, Ůͬѧÿ²֪Сȥ賡, , ɵ, ҲҪСѡ
ȻԺĶڴ
غװģһѰ
ûֻһۣ¿ӼɿС
һֽ, һֱ֧, һƿˮ, īˮĲ֪Һ塣
ֽ飬տҲҲûд
˵Ȥ
Ĳ²⣬װӦΪϴԼһ飬Ż
ȻƱز, ݶд
Ҳһݲн
ȥУЩͷ׵Ļ϶ŵգֻн⿪գյƲ㡣
˼
ʲô
Ŷ룬˳ƾһĺ
¶죬͵ѧУҵĿΣȥѧǵҵģůЩ
ֻԼģ̵ู
Сģлϻصľ֮е⣬һòǹĺͯǰҫԼǹӡ
ƣ͵ȴңȻֻһ͸ǵġ
಻ΪȻҵĳ٣ȻˣΪֻ͵ϣ
ƵһЦȻΪо֮װƶʮӰ֮䣬ϴ¹ᣬʮôһǵûб˿ͣòͬ飬˵֮ĵӰգиӵǰȥͻһֶ˲ٻӽӰԣµӰ˾ʮȳ±ǵˮ©˭Ҳ˵©
಻ʣµӰ˾רôûӦ
ƣûӦ˵ʮߴ֪֮ȻƢЩΪԷƢ壬˻һȥ˶壬¹ݵ˹ҲԼ¸µĻʢٵճϯᲢ質ݣ˵һλޣ׷λС㡣
ϢԴȻͨࡣ
գǵûгԴƣ̾˺ȥ޵ȴ֮٣СȻ̳
ƾжʮƥҲˣֶΪװ˶߼˺װȣ߲ܺװɱ˷ŻҲֻƽкá
Ƶƶϣдתضȵס
ֽ˿
õīˮֽһˣʱ´ѧĻѧΣһŻΣī֭ˮд֣֮־ʧˣѧòֺԴ˴ݻСš
һ˵ʱû˲յСȤ
ƽֽȥ档
ҵи⡣
Цģ͸˵ģǾӮһˣ䣬Σ
ࣺעʲô
ƣΪԷһ¡ȻΥҼͣΥס
룬Լ
ԣ֤
ƣˣ
ʵЦϾǳ٣ʱ˵ʲôʲô⵱ģ๣
ƣ㿴˭֤
ࣺͲףʹɣȻ׽ܣĹġ
ƣҲţ϶ƫ̻㡣
Сˣˡ
ңݲˡ
ǣǲ磬һλѧУͬ£ѧڣΪʦܲƫġ
ף⵹ǿԡ
һ磬˸£ʱ䵹Ҳɿ졣
ͷҵɿ졣
ôһڿ
æ͵Уһۡ
֮ȶ
Ӵȣ˹Ŀ࿴
Щ⡣
˰Сʱҵ̧꣬ͷ
ѾԴ飬˯ˡ
ƣ
μԼФݵϰ̸ȾƣФޱ߼ҷɵţһڼףФ̸Цһﻹе¾õ䲻졣
ξѣФȥգʱɾجΡ
ƿɫãѣˮˡ
ʶĨ졣
пˮ
ޱ顣
ԾЦһϡ
æˣзȥ
ɨһҳһŸշûҳ
ãջǰԡ
ȥԡ
Χ£ǰ档
ͷ̫ɹڸոչ·λã˵Ĵٵůڣȥһ⡣
Īİ
ʲô
ʲô޿޲ɡ
棿
š
ˣҸ˸ΣȻţɣ


ù緹ȥѧУ
෢ƵԵͦһ·ûѧк
Ůѧ
ͷѧĿںŸոδã˵е˼ҲŮѧɷյıϾռڴѧֵŮѧﳤҪôǿʿְֻģһ֣ﶼСкǸСԣ֮ңܹŮѧѣԴѧŮҲëǣŵϣ֮Ů
֮ܵŮ˻ӭĽڣȻҲͬ졣
ֻǽв
ƽϵĽĿⱻֱ˲١
࣬ϣռͷ
𵨴Ůѧк֮࣬ѯơ
λ𣿡
ƺ˵Ǳƭˣһ֮ȶܷҳ˯ġ
ţҵࡣ
Ůѧ۾һǱҲѧУʦˣ
ƣоְֹλڴѧУ顣
Ůѧʧ󷽳֣ãҽ£ɪµ¡
ʱ뵽¿ȹݣµĳȹûаϵʫ˱µɫ߽࣬ʫ黭⡣
ãҽࡣ
Ůѧ̶̵ͷһĿ岨
鱾飿
౻ĿЦˣ躮Կ裬Ժࡣ
Ůѧѵúãлл㣬࣬Ҽǵˣ»пѧУǾԲԣѧУзʷ
ЦǷʷǲǸĿΣ
Ůѧ˵ʲôͬȴѾܲ˼ǿקˡ
̾ѧã
ƣǸŮѧðɣ
֪һ࣬ȴе͹ˣû뵽У԰ȥ칫ҵ·϶Ҫĥ䵢Ƭ̡
Һð칫Ҹ˻㣬ĵԽÿУǵ⣬һЦȻӦ֤ˣӧ򣬽ֽڻϿ
һֽϹȻмֽ¶
ͼ
չˣʤΥ棬գδ֪λҹǷпգ¥ӯ꾸󣬾λ٣СŮ롣
֪ϤòգССЩǲֽ̨ţȨΪȤζð뺣
װ
ԭ͡
еʧеա
װȻƵ֡
űĲõֻֽһ͵Ӱˡ
ôС㲻ǵ͸ģͦʧ
鲻
˶Լԣǿŵġ
ԽڹЦ֤һ֣
෴ոӣȴҪͨɻˣʱˡ
ʲôͣʱҲûȤ
Ʋ֪˿̵ĺװȴ⡣
һЩǣͿ־塣
лҪ˵참ʽʼ
붬ϸð֮󣬾һֱе㲻̫ãе٣ȡʷʹ
100ףĩ죡




42 
ǵˡ
װǰ̯Ļֽ, ҡ
ֽϺõ, Ϊ𻨼㡣
ʢƹ𻨵Ļֽʫ´Ⱥ, ΪСʱ, ˷¹ſ, Ū𻨰Ƶķ½𻨼㣬׳Ʒ½, ڸСЩ׷ʿмܻӭ
, š½𻨡ϣһ
һòŮŶ, ſһȦľ, ȴ˴, 䣬ľҲֻʣ֦һؽңʰ
ϻעСʫ, ȴ, д, Ǽ±ֽϵֿȥġ
ĺΪ
еŮӿݣģһװ

˺װˡ
һʮߣⲽ
һƽ, Ӱ˾ϰ壬ںװ档
˵ܱܲôһһէģһһʫ˵ʲô
ʮߵܲͷϸոձ常绰ѵһ٣̾λ常ҵλȻƽպֱӳʲôС£ξȻԴ绰ѵʮߣβ͵͵ˣ鷳ʮ߱ѵóϻ̳Ͽ֣Ȼòȥ
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôѵû뵽Ϊһ࣬Ȼʦڣȥϴ棬ͨ常ѵ
ʮԽŭȲҸ常죬ֲȥˣֻܽһǻŭϤйϡ
Ǹ̫ˡ
װǿһЦüͷɽš
ǳʱһ飬ƽջҪ
ʮ򴽣Ҳеˡ
ǲϲװͲһֱߣֻ˵λ⣬ʮڼװƶȽţֽһ׷̳˫գϺװϸδѳʮȻһԵ
ⲢͲϲװˡ
ƽϧ֮ģ˾ѵ⣬ͽΧæ߰ɣһ˲ģӦþ˶ˣ¡Сܾȣ룬ͷ˸汣
ʮɫԻȻǲãûôˡ
ͷ˾ȥٻʲôʲôϣٹţ
סװ°΢΢̧Ҫ۲ı鷴Ӧ
װҲһᣬת˳˻ƾ䣬
˳ˣʱȴԽŰ֮
ʮͷһƽڳʲôҲû˵ָֻṴסװ°»һ
װȺСȴʮ߷ˡ
ͷһЦ
ʮһߣƽݲڣ̡
£ͷ˸ǣǰɺ϶ѣ̫ࡣ
ƽ˵Լ÷µİοӰ˾ϰ壬Ҳֻôˣ˽֪װʮߵĽҲñӣʮ߷ʮͷʯʨӶδס
װĲɵصͷ
ƽΪһ飬½𻨡ߣںװûüֹ֮ǰѾ°ѻ˺ɺü飬óյݺݵģ·ϻ֮ȥ
װ̾˿
һյֵż
ŷһݸͬ
ż֮½Ĺ¡
һǰ
װǵãѩµúܴӰ˾͵Ԣ¥£ŮӶ¥ſڵŽһƣͷ糾׼¥ϴ˯ո߽ԡңͿ̨϶˸ɫ
ʱ棬ΪŮӶѶ£˭֪һȻֻè
ʱܵ˺ܴţʮҲ֪£߲ΪȻֻŮӶĻⱨŮӶߣǺװסˡ
ԡҴ̨СƫƧˣյʱӶ˾ὫĴ̨򿪣ͨ͸¥˭
Ѷȣ͵Ҳߡ
οֻèˣֻ㾪ţºװӱȥǱ߶鲻ư
ûãװյһš
ͬķ½𻨼㣬ֻһ׶̶̼еʫ
鲻ԽΪսǣһʱķ϶ѣȻͷƶȥۿԼȴή
⼸ʫʱ򣬺װѾ¥ӯ꾸֮С
ˡ
ơ
Ϻս׷ӿ֣֮иʽ͹ݣŪô˵һͬ͹չһ㣬ĿӦӲϾ
ֺɺгϾйزϵѾ㹻ʢҲֻй˲Ŷõ˵θ¥俪ţҲʮ꣬ȴѻˣմУ⡣
а䰴աǧġƣģӯ꾣š䡰ӯ꾸󡱾ڡ¸󡱸ڣǱ¥õĸ֮һ
ǻƻľ죬ȥЩͷղôӲиǰó棬ǽȴǷˢãһɽˮīҲǵҡ
޳ֻɫӣװתһʹʯͷ죬·Ϊעš
ۡ
ⲻ漰һ׮вĻʧΪ¡
ö϶ʱҪһЩ˵ԼȲ˼Ц¡
ʫԼģģ˼ֻǵôţӦûг١
ƽӹֽƬ
һŷ½𻨼㣬Ӣġ
ˮƻ
ȼӢʫ˼ȷװĲࡣ
̽ͷ
ղʫӦɯʿʮʫ棬˷ϰߺ䲻ͬ˼롣
װæҲ˵ģʫʲô˼
ࣺûر˼ɯʿһдʫ̰߳飬߸ӽòĴɱ¼ϵе˼ˡ
װͷյŲãͷӳĴɱ¼
ʱҲʣյè֮ǰҲյһЩʾ
װɱŮӶҲܵڷԢԡҴ̨è֮ǰҲյһд˼仰ʱΪӰģֲʶ֣ûϣΪҾյӰĻףƬҲÿһŶ
ƣȻô࣬Ϊһ
װΪӰͻõٺϣΨһ辶͵ݱ£Ǹɿݵݱ£ԣŮӶΪʹ˻׽Ūҡ
ݱ»ˡ
ݱ֮İ·οǸɻ
ӰԼϲĵӰǱϲô͸ɿݵĻ
һǸɿݵݱ»ͿƬȻè
ڶʮʫȻӳ̡
ڣһƿţΧȫή㵣ļᷢʲô
ĺΪѧǳ䣬廹ܿġ
װ¶Ц
ҵģߵꡣ
˭ҪŪңŪңҪҵҪйص˵
˵Һܺ¡
лҪ˵ĩѼǣ100




43 
໹ΪװԼԷ, 뵥һ¸л
ΪйŮ, ˼ʾӡ
ȴû뵽, ӰԺĴɱ¼żȻ, ȴвһ
ǸɱӰ, ճˣڳûӦ, ĴѲ, ҲûץˡƵ
仰ζţԵ¾İЧ, ҵ˵Ļ΢΢ˡ
װûκ⡣
ϵ, Ƕл, رڿ¾ͲͶλ˵ˣ֮Իر, ҵԼл, ¡
Ȼټƽϸлл, ˭в϶
޷Ҳֻ·ƽΣգҲͬԮ֡Σ, ʮǱ߾ûʲô𣿡
װ΢΢Ц˱ҡãһжɺϣҴСˡ
һ䲻ʮߣ˭ÿϧ
ƲǵһָоˣҲһ˸ˡ
Ʈ˼ĺװҪһܻȫǳˣʮ³ᣬΪ˿ȸˡ
װԼ飬Ը뿪ʮߣҲֻɵȥֻгһջຣ
ʱ׷ɽŵŮԽԽ࣬ǧӼǧ׷氮Ĺ²ʼйȻϲԲĻĹ£ҲҳֻΪ飬ȴ׽ȥ׵ı硣֮£װڴУȴھɹŮӣܲ˶ź
Ʋ࣬û̫ϧ֮ġ
֮һʲô·Լѡġ
װŸıԼ˵ԸʮߣѡôЩ֮ĿҲӦܵ׼
ΪòɼôĺݾģֱһȥòҲ;˺󻼣ƽһ
Ȼ᲻ã͵óӦĺ
ѪΪװ񴦾ȻҲûһʮߣʮˣʮðǰͺ̣޼£֮УԱֻΪȨ
ֻǵвװżȤ
ԼȻˣҲ̫ס
ƾ£ֻΧưۡ
ξ棬һ׽Ūˣˣֻһèһ־档
ֻè񱩷ǰƣѹͷĳ
ӰԺֱ̣ӿ˱İť˿ӿ㸲ҲԤźĲ̫ƽΪװȻްȴζźͬơ
ƽʱʲôˣô˵Щǿأֲʹɱ㣬Ҫַʽĥģ
ƵĻװü
С
˼ʱ䲻ȻԼ֮ǰҲǹ⡣
˵𣿡
иԿӰĽ㣬Բ˼šŮݣ
װͷݵⲿӰԭŮӰ˾ϰɹȡͶȨŮǾͻңҲֹһ˵ҪҺÿˡ
ࣺì𣿡
װΣʵһʶǰ黹ڵӰ˾ѡǵʱҼãͷңֻǺϷ·Щƣо
ƣɱ˰ɣ
ࣺˣȥһ׮ͦɫţҹڱֽϷ˵ͼ
˵ͼɷҾްء
װû˼˵ĻȥԽΡ
ڵǱǰãҺһӰݷޣҷģҶްࡣ
ƣǰй𣿡
װǺܾǰˣ·ϱưײˣưҵǸְ͵ҽԺȥϵ׷ңҾܾˣΪֳֻΪ˱ӣһ˼ңϾֱ˵ӰĻǲطꡣ
ƵһŮ˵ֱģ㾡ܱ־룬ҲұȻǷһ㣬Ż㡣
װ¶Σʵ飬ڹȥ꣬ټһЩŮʿΪҺǼҵ֮ǶλҲ֪ڣǣ壿
൹ŵģϾϣʮ߶Ժװռ˶Ƽ˵ġ
ƣȥҵǱʱнӴ𣿡
װҡͷ֮Ҹرע⣬ֵĳϣܿǵӰϵĺҲϰƵˡ˵Ϸ򸾵ĸ鲻ãƬܣ˶Ƽһֹɱ
ƣ֮أб𣿡
װһˣ¹ͬԡ
¹һܱµա
Ϻͬͬյ˼ûУΨһǸܳ
¹ͬԭĴ۸磬ǰдм֪Եʣ봨Ϻ⡣
ڰͨԣ½Եÿ˹ϵҲνǰڰɵˣΪĺּذҪӡ
¹ͬżװΪˣ뽫
¹ͬԵݵλʮҲδмܵˣҪˣûҪģʱʮ֪¹ͬԵĴ֮󣬸ŭԣҲû˵ʲôĬ˴¡
װԼȻܾˣȥ¹ͬԵᣬϯ¹ָͬһ̳ƣ˵ֻҪܺ£ͲǿѣȻװҪӴ˸Լߡ
ʵĺװȻޱԣ̳ҾƵһһ룬ȵһߺһһᣬҲûһ
˵棬¹ͬȻɫѿȴóƷԼո˵Ļ˺װһ֮¹ͬȴװȥȥװڹ˾ĶԼңѹװ
ƳƬ̡
¹ͬԸӶõ㣬ҪҪҲô£ֱɱǣαعŪ飿
װЦ¹ͬԿܲᣬ£ȴδء¹ͬи۰򣬽нӣһһΪ¹ͬ룬¹ͬԶҹעܻΪ¹ͬԵ㣬ңòҶϰ巢֣˽Χº󽭺Ȼûٶ֣ÿ¹ͬԣܻվ¹ͬԱңָоǡ
Ǳһֻ֩붢ϣ޴롣
УҲЩңκβӣʱҲ֮֡ǰӾδ¼һţȻ̥ᱻը顣
˿Ҫװ˻治١
ӻֱӣϷ˼⣬˫۾Χ⣬ʷɰޣһǹװǰס˲á
ףһ仰
òûӦȨͻΪѣ¡
װ俴ܾǧ谮ʵȴţֻܼơ
ϾǸոΪƻԬɱϺ̲
лҪ˵Ϊףһ¾ԪԷ100[doge]
ĩ~~~~~~~~~




44 
װĻ, ѽĿ־嵣㷢
֪, ֻҪΪƫͻᱻǱ, , ˷顣
಻֮Ե, ̸ȴֻڴ˵شʱ, ܽг, ǰԽƣȻǧò, ಻һ֪ˡ
ǰѹֶµ˵, װɫ첻١
лλ, ֪ǿͭ׳֮ҲЩ˶λķۣ⼸ɢɢҲûһЩʯֻȻֵǮ, Щ֮, Ҳɹλ档
ƣǰ, ΪЩ
װеףЩףҲǸɾǮģģҪƴǣ֪͵ٶ, Ҳ޷и֮飬Ѿ뵽õķʽλǲգҶûǰæˡ
˵ϣȻҲ˵ʲô
ȴȻһС㣬˵ĲͬףһѧڣȷϲЩҾͲһˣ׵úܣʲôŶֻϲΨϲԬͳǿŹԴ
ƣ
װһЦ
ʱͲԬͳˣԬͳͷԪԬͷȴԴΪͨӲ֮ͨһ
ԣȻǰʾԼϲǮúװֱǮͼɡ
Ѿǰʾʾˡ
ôˣֲ֪˵ʲôá
װЦͷˣġ
˵䣬Ŵ򿪣½
¥طƵзʨͷףԲ˲֭ڣ뼦һ壬ٯٯ߯ɷ࣬Ҳֱ˴ˡ
˼һⲻǶôʱΪ棬ÿ̿ϸŷֶȻǱгϸ˿ϸϣ۶ܴȥȴڼ೤ϸ壬˸ա
㣬ˮ⣬εڰڷڰϣǱҲܼŵģ¥ؽƸĳվ򵥣ͬɫҲ˶ͬڴ
бźնȣлأ˸˿ζҲ㻨˼ˡ
ɫ㡢ζϼ֮
λǱˣҾ͵˻ˡ
лСϸģҾͲˡ
λֻãһ׼˹÷Ժ˾
ڣôٵĳҲ塣
овˣװչգҲ̸
û飬Ӱ֪ȱݣҪʮֳ߳ϣ¹һ๦ûϣҲûٿĶ˵䣬Ȼƾ˻𣬼ܽϼ䡣
еڼ
ǰ˲ˮϯֺ˲پƣ̲סֻȥ֡
ֻ·ڰ䣬̳ſ˰ȣ̧ͷӭϣƸϽ·ߣҲȻȻƳȥһۡ
һҪͷҲ̧ͷ
Ŀԡ
࿴ˡ
Էһ㶣ŭ⸡֣͵
ӴǣԩҲͷ
Цˡ
һЦһŭ
˵ķӦȻͬ
㻹ҵүǰΣ
ʮЦһȲԼı־ȥץ졣
һ׾ٱܿ
ˮʵһͶˣӵĺֿʼʹĺѪɲɽ
ʮ߿ûǲи˷緶һץɣֱ˹קסļֱӽƣ
˫һ̧һƣԷɿ֣ŹǰģۿҪˤ¥һֻּʱӺ澾ס·ק
ʮڵϣɫǺ죬ͿƴӸڰ߳
໰˺ʱͬˣҲ̲£Ҳ²
һƲΪǣңȴܲ˼ɵ֡
ʮֽ׶βͻڽʧ̬
ȤؿŶԷŤ鴤մ³һ仰
л
Ц磺лʲô
ʮǿջЦлղһѣȻҽһܾܿ͵ȥˡ
٩Ǿ֮ˣñʾʾ
ʮǳ˳飺ͷЩﵽȥıл⡣
ô£
˽ʮ߷˳ʵ
ŷ֣ʮڵİһˡ
ԷʮͣòͨƽƽΨüĿ֮͸һɾһˣûܻĺ̾򽻵ЦƺҶЦ

ʮ߸Ͻ·¶λȻЩϻ̳Ͽ֡
ûʲô£һλѣЩᣬѾˡ
ʮ߷ǵûмҧŲţϢˡ
ͷ
ǾͺãԺΪǳ߽ѣԽ࣬·Խ
ʮЦǣ⻰е
˵ʲôȻֹĿȴŮϡ
λŮʿЩ졣
ʮ߿װɫ΢΢һ䡣
װʮߵԭܿ¶ˣʮߺȻ̬ȴ䣬̲ס̽ͷ¶棬ȴš
ʮ߳ɫ·ĻΪܵλ֪ĵӰǺװС㣬Ҳ˵ġ
ȻԭǺС㣬ҿĵӰǳʣ
עȻںװϣĿȴȥֻǵϲӰͽɫӰԡ
ʮߣλǳҵ顣
װ΢Цףлʶҡ
С㲻عǫϾʱҲ֣ݵúãʲôʲôȴʲôʲôǵӰҲϷĴҳƺţСȻ֮
⻰˵úƯʧòףֲڽǳ
װ֪ƯҲס΢΢ݣһ
ˣװ֮
໹ûԱǺûûˣϽûϡ
ˣʶҲʶˣӣ֮ΪҲòűˣǰѽķǮ˾У㿴Σ
׼Էų治÷Ц
ʮ߹Ȼһȿ޻ѿЦݡ
ȻԣСһ׮ֻܳԱǣҵϡ
ࣺУװСǣΪǰæ㲻ɣ
ʮߣᣬװҲнѵɣοʦѡ
ûԹԼǾлˣλģùǡ
ʮﻹԷص䣬ŷűŤ˵ĸ첲ǿ
Цˡ
λС𣿡
ʮߣѡ
νѣ壬ȷǷޣѡ
ղ
ͷص䣬ȴơ
ЩľƲˡ
ĵȻϡ
ӱܱȿԼãοӵʮߣ˶ԹˣҲһپƲˣûп
óС˵ҪЩʲôȥ׼
ʣˮѼ⣬źŴװ˱ѼѼѪ˿ƲԲзƶ˿һͣҲ֪ǲڽŵʱѾһ¥ҵĲӡʱЩɣÿݣȫãȻҪߵġˣ̳ھƣҪģɱ¾Ū
ƣҲ³
лҪ˵Ǹһ࣬ˣ˯ǰϸ£
Σףи12£쿪 =3333=




45 
Ҫ˭װв, ͱйϵˡ
Ȩ֮, òô鷳ǳĳĿ, 뱻˷, ͨһ¼, ˣӶ𡣡
װ, ֪֮жԹ, δؾȫҲδؾȷġ
ͺñ, ڽ, Сײһ·, ˵Ǹ֮ͷƪˣȴΪҵһײ׼ȥĸβľǮӶ¼, ż, Ѳʶ, ԷȴĻԹҪ
ֱ˵ҾҲ˳ۣҾԼһǴҪҵΪľǾͽ, ңƤ»ڡЩ˵ˣԼĲ²⣬һǶԵģװҲͬ˵ǲǣ
ţòȻ׼ô
ͷҲ̧ʸԼ޸ĵһƪдϼ
۵㲻۾ݲ㣬ϣ֣οǰơ
Ҫ飬͵ôͷʼ顣
ڰ칫̯ڡ
ЩӺװϽֵϣд˺װļ䣬ԱһЩ򵥵ļͥ
˵оҲоֵĺôǰڽʱҪЩϼܣоƣҪʲôϣֻҪһˣڣҪˣͽгƤ졣
װҾƶĸ˫زֳֻˡ
ʱĸʱֱ꣬꣬Ϊһƶϳġ
Ǻþʮֳ꣬γʧ٣ӴҲû˵ͷ򹤣ʧˮˣҲ˵˰ɻ죬ϵװһŮƶһӱøӼ
װʮ꿪ʼӰʮ꣬ʮ֮ǰòȴȨƣʲôпܷʮߣʮΪΪ֪ĵӰǣ֪ʶȤ򵥣
дкװľַȥյھӣҲܵõһЩûдĶ
˵գϾڣƵ
ס
ãȥĻ˳Ұ¡
ӳóһƬ
ʮ㣬Ϻļи֣ȥ
ùһڡ
˰
ڰƬϣһװЦòãǹ̵ִ
ͷ˶յƬ˴ܶûʲô˼ңھͷǰҲųɣԴƬһЦӡ
Ƭŵģʮа˾žĸǧˡ
޸ǳ
ȥȥȥˡҪƬȴఴס
ȥȻȥҲ֪ȥʲôҪ˵ʲô볤ʾ
ƵƣСŮմձѧҽʶģҲϲ£棬һˣ˵ҸؽݣϾȻͻ֪Ѷˡ
ࣺôԽܵ˲࣬ĪǸԺԺߵúܽң
ûⱾһֻشˡ
ЦСòΪϾĴ֮һ籱֮ƣ԰٣ǲѣһˣ־ˣأ
ƣƲǹⳤһ֮ǰ׵飬ҸϵвپڱƶģϾ̫̫ȦҲǺ绽ֻǸģ̫࣬λС㣬޸ܡ
ࣺУϣ֤λС֮󣬾˿װҴһͷȥСֻ²ὫҷҲӣ߽ԼС棬þۺɢôҲóٷǮɣȻͷĴȥ˵Сˣǲǣţ
ָֻһǮĶ
ƣҪ٣
ЦУŸС
ߺԽԽԾ
ԷȻû⣬Ҫúð¡
ϴһʮߡ
Сʱʱ磬Ƶĺڴﵽ塣
򷹵ĵ绰
ãϺꡣ
ã鷳תļһˡ
õģԺ򡣡
ԷЧʵǲƵƤҲԽԽ졣
֣Ҳƣ
ڵڿʼĥڵѧ
ܿ˻ظ
ã˭
Ƿλסͣ磬СӦúһλпǲԷҵѣ鷳ȥλп绰
治ɣСλոˡ
һߵģ
ǵģҿСʱܲˣһͷλ֮󣬳ԷʱСɫͺúܶˣǸոߵʱСϻЦء
ȥˣ֪
˵ʱСһ䣬ʲôӰλ˵ԼƱȥӰǴǺװŮǵһ
ƣ
ǳ˳飬ֹȻˣϵĸо
ңƴѧУȻоһˡ
칫壬ϵļ뿪ʱôڣڻôڣɼû
ü
ΪǸˣܹЩִ磬ʮ֮⣬ƣѾ˵£ӦþͲȥû뵽Լʧˡ
һˣôڸǰʧ˷ִ磿
Ҵլġ
Ȼٰ㲻ԸȥϾɷϡ
һȥӭıȻ꺮ůҲȲӶģϹܼʺ򼸾䣬Ȼ仹Щϰߡ
ôϹܼҡ
Уô䣬ͷ࣬úúòСǰصذÿ˲˵дãģѼСʱģȥʢ
ϹܼҸ˵꣬ͱ˰ˡ
˭ôˣòСʲôֻ˰ɡ
˼߶߶š
ţѾӶ˻㱨
ү
ó׵һ١
ûֱ˽ʡ
ʲô
˵ûԣڷԡӶҲǴ۽磬ͷһؼ˽䷹˵˹
ü˵ѾˣŰɡ
⻰˵꣬
٣㲻ɣͬѧ֮⣬ߣͿʼ۸ˣٷҳԣ˵ȥǲǻƭѾ극ˣҶŵѼζˣ
ƣɡ
ϹܼЦȥ˽ӽ
ʵͦϲģԭڣƽңƬܳЦүǱÿЦá
žֱ̾ƶλ¡
壬⣬ҿˣ
ϹܼЦãԸʢ
ƣ㵹ǲԼˡ
٣㲻ҡҡͷͷΪΪΪ㵲ĸϻ˳һºװİӣȻٷóԣСȥϾ״
ԶˮȲ˽𡣡ָָ룬˵˵˵ãûԣ壬æŸʢ
лҪ˵εΣĸҹ͵뾡ʳã
⼸¶ǻȲдС糡




46 
ϹܼԺһЦ, ʢֱ, һδ
ֻǳʹ˸ɫ
յźţǰһ롣
ҵ, Լ, ɲܹ
һ¶, Ϻθ̾ůˡ
壬ǲǻŹǣ
ϹܼĴָζġ
⣺һ, ֪涼Щʲô
Ƶһֶ, Ҳ·𡣡
٣ҿΪ, Сһ, ûйҲп, ôй֮Ҳºҵģ
һ£Ŀ̾
İġ
ƲΪȥ, ȥԼῴӰ
ЦӴ, , 治ģ󶼸ٳЩʲôˣ
Ʋ뿪ʼԷ
иͦõϰߣзʱӲ˵ʮ𼱣ҲҪϸϸ׽֮ٿڡ
Ȼͬ
ûעԷ, ֮ǰھֵˣԷ;в£Ҫô÷·ϽҪô͵ڳꡣ
ҴǰʱҲǣо˳Ϊʳסбµνʳ޲ΪǮе˼׼ģԼѾɴӸ˼ҵоСת䣬ÿγԷô秣ưСʱҲԲꡣ
ȻദҲһɣ߻˼ʱ򣬾ֻԼ̲ˣԶĲ˲Եġ
£Ȼүʹʱˡ
ЦЦ
ԷȻ֨Ҳż
ѳԷٶȷŻྡ׽ƵʴÿĴνΪΣҲһСһСںȡ
ĺʣǵһպ֭ͽͻζС죬֭Ϥ£⣬
͵øС
Ե֡
ԹۣȴնֺУ˺޲ðһããû£ſڰ칫˯͵ǳŰ³ſӰ;ţôϺװ̣
ûʲôҪ˵ģͻȥɡ˹
ðգӶˮ಻Լˣ־ǩֲһ顣
ƻ̨ģִ࣬治
һ飬ֻҪٲ棬ӱˡ
ƣ壬Ϳ͡
û¶Ϊѣү
ƣôҶвˣϺ顪
˵ôְѹ̶˳һƻⲻǲ鵽Ϣ̫𺳣һʱˣ㷴Ӧʱ䡣С֮󣬾ȥ˺װǰסľַѯᣬʾɣҴʲôϢ
˵ǹŪ飬𰸿϶Ҳ֮⡣
ƹȻһȤ
ǰǸɱ˷
ࣺ顣
üϲ졣
òھӼˣĨİɣ
Ӧòǣ֪˲࣬߷˺ü˼ңǶԺװõӡ󣬾ֳܿ̿ڷܣҹƶ飬ȥͷԼãӵҲȥ㹤ãֱγʧ٣װʧȥòûֳû˶ģ֡
ƣ˵
ࣺʱһģĸװĸʶҲǸĸ˫ȺμҺһЩСƣֵܻܶ飬ҳϲװ¡
ƣͬˣ
ࣺͬˣʱ֤֮һǸ˵µĺװھӣӵһλ˼ҡϧ˽ûãɷ˹ƻȾ̶źװ͵͵̣һҹ̵Ǯ׬ڶĹ˸⡣
ͷȾѾˣοǶ񫡣
ƣǼˡ
ࣺ䲻У಻Զӡû̶ڶĹΪǮʱ˴βˡ
ƵЩĹݻһ֣ˣǴˣ˻ؼҲŷƲΣаֵҲûʲôá
ࣺ󣬺װ֪Ϊ˳̣ѼҲܹ˲ֹͷ˸Բȴʮ㹤Ҳ𣬸ο绹иڶĵܵҹҪծ񼸺ѹ壬ֱ֮󣬺װӰԺͷʮƼ
ƣЩǺװǸھӸģ
ͷװӰڶ࣬һȥȻ۴ھ˷ڷѣϧװһֱδд
ƣ˼ϸ㣿
°΢̧Ȼҵˣ壬˵ǲ
ϹܼЦ
ƣǽ׼ô죿
ࣺ԰꣬Ҳ鵽ĻֹЩͨλھӣҵܵҹҲǺװǰСӵסַˣڶĵطĴѧҲ˵٣ҹѧ
ƣĸϵ
ϵüɫ裬иɵģעĶĹݣ䱳ϰ壬¹ͬߵСܣӡ
ƣװ˵Ϊ¹ͬԶ⣬Ӻܲɫˣ¹ͬԣ˾
ࣺû
ƣӦǷںװӰ֮ˡ
ࣺ᲻֮ǰ¹ͬԾѾװ֣Эأϧʮߣ
ƣֻĲ²⡣
ࣺԻҪһ֤ҴվȥҹͽӣϣҲԵõʲô
ƿŹ̡
ͷһƻа˰꣬Լֻ飬ȫɵˡ
ԣôһݹӣѲɳθ
ߴӹƵԼϣĿתƬ̣סĿڡ
ô̫͵ҵģ
̲ס̾˿
øദҪǽҵƽ¡
ΪС·ƢͷֺαءҲ档
ƽ⼸䷴Ĭ飬ǾȻһ̣΢Ц
˵˰죬㻹ûҽǱôˡ
ࣺ
ǾƵķӦڹ죬˵ͦʹ졣
ҸС֮󣬽ĻʵתСȻҲûΪңǾͶ˼䡣
ƣʲô
ࣺ飬УȻձģʶĹ㣬ණԣƽ￴Ҳ٣ĵӰþ˵װСǰӰԺۿ
ƣȥˣ
ࣺȻûУȥˣô鰸ӣҵĶȻСĺ⡣С㻹ĩȥ裬ʱҽѰŰѣΪ
ƣӦˡ
ӿڴͳһƹȥ
ҴСҪı涼׼ĿˣɫּԼѣɫȥģΪҽύ
ùɨۡ
һ䣬¹ͬЯϯԱߣиϤ֡
ӡ
лҪ˵εΣշݵҹϣӣڴ_




47 
, ͬѧ, ĿξͽҸҲһ⣬ΧӢԴͷչ, ԰ξ, Ӱ, ԼɴĵڶĻɷ, ܽҵ
ѧģĽϰ뿪ǰ, ѧ͹۲ˣ±ʾԽԼĽݺͿ÷Χͦ, ±ʾ⡣
, ɡ
ѧǸϽϹ, ĿȻűһɣ˵˵ЦЦ
ͬȺͬѧҹĬĬʰα, ߡ
û˺ס, Ҳû⵽
ֱҹſڶһˡ
Էסȥ·, ֳ̧ҡҡ
һ˶ǹʺã˴кķʽ
ҹȷԼʶ
ֵҽ࣬϶ʶңʶ㣬е, ǽһ˵
һЦЩȻζ
ϧҹȫˡ
һۣʹӶԷԱƿ
קס
ֵܣҲǻˣúûлÿģǾ죬¶
ҹ־Է۾ӡ
ֻüӴ뽫קߡ
֣컯ʲô
ҹȻ£òѧ׷
ۿԼڶĿ۽ڳһ޹
磬زǰһ棬㲻裬Ҳѧѧѣ𣿡
ҹŭں˵˵Щʲô
ʶ࣬ûԷԼѧУؼҪ˵鷸ƣʶԷƭӡ
磬֪㲻ĸӣûծ˼㣬ڲ߶㣬͵ƻˣȥɣ
ҹǰˡ
Էధ˵øһקó棬ҹѲ
µǣΧ۵ͬѧȻˡ
ҹΪӵТãôѧ֮ӣ𣿡
ǣ趼ˣȥһΣѲҪȵ˼ҳˣźĪ𣡡
˷׷׳ָ֧࣬ҹ
һˣҾͲΪ㡣
ҹԼ˴սü˵
Խһı޴ӷ
ƽȥҴңѶͬѧ˽ⲻֻ࣬һԸƧˣ̫ҲڻˣľԶ֮οӢ鰧ÿһϸڶдź֡
ҿ϶վһߣַͬҹ
ҹʶԼˣĶʱһƬû˷߳ȺΧֱǽ¡
еЦ
ͬѧԵ̫аһ˵ҾͶˣȻûһ֧ģҪǸղ˵ǷǮͬѧǲǾҪ㻹Ǯˣ
㵽˭Ϊ˶ң
ҹ󱳵ǽ߾
ࣺҽ࣬ղѾܹˣǸ죬һ׮ıɱԹ㡣
ҹܾ裺ûǮҲû裡
ࣺҲô˵ҳֻµͷ˰ɡ
ҹûʲôһѧУôɱˣûɱ
ֳࣺ磬ôģ
ҹɫһ䡣
ࣺô׸綼ǵˣ㣬磬һǸĸҹϢΪȡ磬ҹұ֮ңСлֵ飬Ϊλֵĵز
ҹЩ£˭ģǲǸպεŮˣ
ԹɫζԼɩӽǸպεŮˣ֪ϲװصȥףΪޣ类Ⱦ񫣬ԸǰúװͱϾծʵɣ
ҹҧгݣͷ¶棬ͷ˹ҸḺߣһʱͿȥ̣Դ˼зƣ˰ܹҲϣͨǮΪ׬ȡѧѣ
üͽԺװвֵð
ҹҲ֪˵ʲô
ࣺûϵ֪У˵ʵǾֻȥ˵ˣҲ֪װǴǣ֧ٶǮӸ͸ǧЩ˵仰Ϳ޾鷳ʮߣ˵ɣʮ㣬Ǿ͸һֻһȥˣܻų𣿡
ҹɫɷף̧ͷ
У
ࣺҪһһʮࡣ
ҹŭҸȥʲôвҰͲһӶҪŮˣǼҼֻúѧ飬պεմϰϵ
üдԺװ񣬲Ρ
ǰҲԼװĹϵ
ٿҹ
͵İһղŴӽһ·ܳѾϺμҶ¥̨ȥè
ڵڶΣȥףҲҹֵܸɳ顣
ȻѾװ䣬
ڡ
˵ƽӼκͬѧãǲͬ㣬ĳɼҲƽƽʦǧзʶ㡣ôѧѧѣǴóģ
ҹԶĸҵģ
ࣺʲôηʿݣ
ҹҲ֪Ҹȥ֮дŹѯҵȽ˵ǸĸǰҪѧҵֱɼΪֹԳƳӱƽʲôģҲã޷ȥţᶨţÿζһЩã㹻ⷿ顣
ࣺ»ôɵ£ʱţȥ޿ðƻرǮִδ͸¶סֱַͬ·Ҳİõؽˣ
ҹŭţҿԸ㿴ЩżҶţ
ã֮˱пɺ֮仰Ǻеġ
䵽ǸزȫǾȡװβãҲѺ̹ݶĹݡ
Լڱˣõǵˡ
û񫣬ⱲӣɾҲޡ
ɣûʲôԶ壬ļԶݻô˽һĸһûļ󱳣֪ԼЩǮȫǺװݣĸģ
ҹһɺԣ
ЦЦʵֻǲԸԼ˺װĶݣƭʲôԶ壬ͿɲǷ飬ԼİãǷ
ҹ¶ѿǿԽƱ磬ϧԴǣſڣҲֻ˵˵˵Ҹû롱Ļ
Կ϶ҹıвˡ
ѧʶȴûĲݣ̰£ܾϺװ޷
һ꣬ƽʽΪѧʵҲǿѪĿ档
ںװʮŪڹ֮ʱҹȴڰݵض飬֪ʶ֮У룬δȻúܲʣҹԣŴǰ
ڷֺװйһλʱҲһֲ²úװ棬ǲزΪ֪ն
ȻҹһǼΪװӡ֤ףҹԽԽΪװϧź
ұ֤װһع⣬ֻʱڱܷ飬˽Ĺ£۾ͻתתͬʱºʱŮԽŵĿں£ϺĴֻҪԼͻװ壬׷ɵľõҵǵӰ죬ܸһ¥
̾˿
ҹĪֻ˵ʲôĵĻ
ǣҹߺ޽ǾֻдӽǱˡ
¹ͬԵĵ۰˳ĺĽӣ᲻ͻƿڣ
Ϊ֮ɣһһ룬˵ͼøжȥˡ
ҹļ˫ֲ嶵뿪¡
Ѱ˼ӦûϿΣҲ֪ǸԼǿʤ꣬ΪʦǸʲôģ
Ʋ˸硣
һ±Ρ
̨ѧú档
ѧĵλȻ𾴣ٮٮߡ
Ҳ壬ݵ䣬Ž˳һЩ£ѧδţ֪ʣ޲ܽÿ仰
οƷ棬ͬڴӵѧһǱͦһվ֪жѧΣж
и˴ӺŽϢ
űиλҰѧмߵϣҲΪ׿ڰϵ֡
ƾӸ£һ
Źµ࣬˳ǡ
ղ⣬ͬѧǵĿйҪҪʲôľô
Ȼרע
һѧʲվ
磬ձάºиǿԭȲީСܴĵˮʦһԾΪǿ֮һ׷ףȫܷѧϰҹЧӢ֮Ч·֮ᳫģѧһ飬ѧһ飬տӢտ·ղײ߲࣬ɵͲͣнվ֮йҪ𣬵רעѧϰľ񣬲ѧѣҪѧѧǿӢ
ҿǹŶԣ
Ǻƽϴ̣ʲôʱƽˣ̸ǿ󣡡
࣬㼺
ý̱ңңһࡣ
ڿűߵλͬѧҲ̸̸ɣ
ңָָԼ
Ƶͷ
ڶĿ⣬ˢˢϡ
ĵĿ϶뿴
Ҫ˵
ƣ˵˵ǣ⣬һǧһǧҲҪǵñרҵͬѧ𡣡
ЦҾ˵ˣҿҪͷ澫񣬷棬ֻҪ˵ѧϰǿǸӢҲָտɴɣ
ͷĵ٩ϷŪ֮⣬ôЦĸѧ󵨣ҵڵϷ
ޱ顣
գգۡ
ĺ̨
ڵ飬ӿˮ
Ʒ·ֿǸ꣬ɷ
ʱתٴ֣Ҹ
ͬʱоֵİ칫ҽӵһͨ绰
绰˽ִ鴦
ԷշתϵѧУò¿ʱҵˡ
ҵŮӶˣ
װڵ绰ܽš
лҪ˵ʷʶ׼ʱֻ
ĩ죬100




48 
, ĺΪ
ǵŵݡ
Ҽǵáʱ㵣ǣߵӶ, Ը˼٣̽ס
ǳˡ
װ¶һ˿Ц
ǵŵʱ, Ͳ²ͽĿǲںװߵˡ
װԼֱ, 뵽һֱԼߵŮӶ
ŮӶźװʱ, Ҳ⣬װϢϰϸ, һ, ԺװԣŮӶİ, ޷ͺ͹Ӷϵ
յв֮, װĸŮӶһµĳ, ̽ףһʲСǮȥٻ˾öҲ½硣
ŮӶȻ˺װ֮Ҳ, ȴû, Ҳ֪, ԼڴϺ㶫ȥҲ㹻Ǿ̾ݡ
ںװȥ°ٻŮӶҲ׼°ٻŮ˸ǮС˲٣ɳʱ, ȴ⡣
ŮӶĶ̨̫࣬׵ʱûһŲȿգֱˤȥؿ̨ϣѪء
ǮСھҽ;оѾػˣԺþ治ΣҲź²Ƿڰٻ˾ڣǲӦΪ˸𣬵˵ľǻǻΪǮСĺ¾һСڰ˳䡣
˵ǰٻ˾ԣ˽ͷöһ졣
Ůڰٻ˾ˤѾ˱ֽѪҲ˲ٽĿˣ˵ףҲ˵԰ٻ˾Ӱ죬ٻʩٻȾֳûĨڣ˵°ٻķˮ⣬ض
ǿߵŮĺװٻ˾ǶȻһˣ⳥ġ
ࣺǰ¹ѩʹ̨̫ˤӣǰٻ˾ȻҲѲϵ
ٻ˾һɫͺһ룬ò͡
˵⻰ɾԩˣѩѩɰٻ˾ÿսĿô࣬ǱÿСʱ˽ſڻѩɨģ·ҲûǮŮʿ֮λ˳˲Ҿ硣
֮⣬ŮӶǮã˴ùŻˤһӾС
װ̾ǮΪͣʵ죬˷£ҲܵúܣҾͲкˣͷϰ̸ɣһǮҪȫתǮϼ˵ġ
ٻ˾Ͳ뿪ϵС壬ǻṫΪǮС㿯һ򸼸棬˵ԭ򣬲˶Ҳ̺СŮӶ塣
װҡͷˣǷ㷢ҪĨǮϣӣϢɡ
ȻȻٻ˾˵
Ӧˡ
ĿǰΪֹ⣬ֻеڶδ졣
˵èŪţôڣĳˡ
˵Σ᲻еĴΣΣ
ԷĿĵʲô
Ҳúװôʹ죬һδδߵ֣èץȴһδνŪģ˵ϴεӰԺɱ¼ԷܿûҪ˼
װɫܲ
ɥѹӴܡ
ΪԼѾʱԤ˭뵽Ǳܲ
ǲŮӶǻˤģƫƫ컯֮ô֤
⣬ôǷԤζԵţνͣ
ҹʣﻹЩʡ
С㣬ðһ䣬ʶҹɣ
װ̧ͷ
鵽ˣ
ףұڴʱ𣬲Ϊ˰ƣֻʸˡ
װƽʰɡ
ࣺҹСӣ
װȷʵ
ࣺȻΪѧѣΪҪ
װӦѾˣ֪ҵ̬ȣȶİ·˻硣˵Ǽıֳ֣ʲô⿴ң֪ѧң¸ˡ
ࣺǵδأҿֻǲԸϣһߴúôһƲ㣬ˣֵȥ𣿡
װҶĺãʵֻɶĳŵѵʱԮ֣ԻΪҲҲϴİӣϧ첻ԸûãȾ񫣬ֽҲܹ⣬ҾҹͣҲծһУΨһĲƲ
Լգŵˣѯࡣ
ãһŮ֮УܻСǵļҿҲ߸ѧѧɹΪʱŮԣϧûУֻˡҺȴܻ
ԣһʱ֮侹Ҳ벻ʵĴ𰸣شװ⡣
ҺװҲҪĻش
ҵĻܣֻϰ岻̫֪ΪӰӰǲǻҹ˽⣬ȻңȴӦøɲ£Ϊ˵ɱˣɱҡһ˵ˣѧѺҲû䣬ȻµǮҼĵģ͸֪˵ǲġ
װ˵úеҲһ罫ҹ޳
СЩеķţ߷пɵˣظ֪ҡҲֻôԺװ
˵仰ʱû뵽ķŻ֮졣
뿪װסߵֿʱһͯӭ
ݱֽɣϵıֽͷͷ޹־ѡˣ
ˡ
һ˼ĥװİӣ鿴ֽɸſ˵֣ǱͯѾɷ˵Ӳһݡ
ԷȻҲҪǮŵĨ;Ҫ·ߣǰͰ˸ק˻
ҪǮˣ
ҪǮˣ֮ǰ˸ˣݱֽøģͯûֻʵʵ
˭øҵģʡ
ͯһָ
̧ͷȥ
ﻹվԭزָϡ
Ϊʲôֽ
Ҳֽ֪һţֽͬһ𽻸㣬ʲô֪ģ
˵౨ֽȻǼŶ
Էʲô
ҡҲǵˡ
㲻˵Ǿȥһˡ
治ǵˣ˸ñӣΧѰΧסˣҲʵʵһɫ£ͦСģӦǸеİɣ
ɫαֽֽż
ŷֻܱװһƬ
ƬһŮ˹ڰԾ
һ۾ϳƬϵŮǺװ
ǺװһӰľһĻͶ·ŮԾžڴСϣΪ֪
ٷתƬ棬ҲһǦд͵С֡
ǰˣźǣڣѽ⽫٣Ѫᡣ
Īһ仰ʫ㲻ϣȴ͸һɯ}˵Ϣ
ףƾԺװĵķˡ
Ϊʲôᷢϣ
ͽһֱڰпһһҲ֪һŽװ
üֻԼ֯õһ
ԽķɾԽǿ
֯˾Ͷڰ͵ЦȴֵüĿûз֡
ƬǲԤʾţ´μںװϵ飬գ
Ȼһ¡
͵ػͷ
ơ
ԷӦȣֵʲô
Īһ
Ҳ֪ԼΪοƣһЩ
лҪ˵ûһëǮϵС糡
ƣΪʲôңһ
ࣺΪôӢˣƯ˵Ϸˡ
ΪƻҪûУƷζü
ƣô˾һȫһҲϷأ
ࣺ




49 
̫ˡ
ԼõĵķŽơ
ֿҪװ, ֻŻ
, ⼸вżͬһˡ
Լã
ƽƬ, ҲţͷСʫ
ࣺ㻹ǲǵ, ʫ, õǱֽֿ飬Ϊľǲ鲻ּ, ȴд
ƣҲԷֻ޴ӶԱȡ
ּһһ, ޷жϸջŮᡣ
̾˿ҵĴ, 鲻, ô¿Ҳûˡ
ƣ
ѡֱ仰
ȥװ, ηӦУ跨дֵĶõ֣żֽ, ʲôС
ࣺ룿
ƣһ˾ı, ЩдϰԸı, ѧУʷϵиרңּҲоȥ⼸ΰӱֺ˽װ֪װһһ
ࣺҽ֮ǰû֪ͨκ, ¥ʱյԷż׼֣֮תװ
ƣԶԷضǺװߵˣ٣ͽ϶ںװߡ
⵹һͻƵ㡣
װû뵽ζʱȥŵķš
֮룬ÿϵ֪ٵ˲˵Ǯ֮⣬ӣϰ壬ϰҵˡ
㻹©һˡ
װ˭
ࣺ˾ոȥʱ򣬿ĳͣ·ߣҰ˵Ǳһİɡ
װǣӵˣճĶĴȥ
ࣺʲôϸ֪𣿡
װҲֻ̫֪ǶˣܱίɹˣǵεģƽʱҲʱʱһ𣬵гĶڣҲʱܹ֪Ķڸʲô
֮ǸӺװˡ
ࣺͳĶ֮䣬ʲôִ߲𣿡
װûУģԣǲʱ˵ҲĬԣٿڡ
ࣺãƽʲôȺãмˣ
װʶӣ˳֮˾ˣûʹʲôˣҲ֪Ƿ䣬е󡣡
ü񫣿
װЦԣ˵񫣬Ҿ뵽ˡüأҿĶӶĳ߳ˣʱȥƬ֮Ǹж̯ҲһҪȥϼѡ
ʮľ䣬˾ԽӮԽӮͻԽ񫣬ѭϢΪǮܣʹ˳룬ãҲǲܡ
ôһ˵Ķɾ͸ˡ
ࣺǮϳ죬ǲߵ˶֪Ҫȥٻ˾򣿡
װǣһʼȥ˷Ǯҹ˵ôò׻˼ңöҸǮŶģǲôͺˡȵȣһ˵Ҳʱһڳ˵⻰ģʱֻгĶҲˡ
²ϸ룬ϸԽ־塣
ǳĶװЩӵһһȫ˫۾ʱ޿̲ڹ۲װȴȻ֪Էͼ
ҪӰɣװµ
ƣҲֻǵĲ²⣬һǳĶأʮߵΪˣĶ³һõȥ
˵еװ֪ԼƷ⣬ʵ޸֮ƼΨдΪƣܸԼһ·Ī˵Ķ·ؤҲҪһǮġ
лѣǴ¾ȲҪӰɣԼ˵
ƣ㲻شݾߣȰ⣬ƽճĶǷ˽˽пɣǡ
ࣺķŵݣҲƽϷСģԾϷݣ뵼ݹͨһ£ֱӻɱġ
װǸȻȫҵ£Ǳۣ鷳λˣнչһ֪λġ
ϴױҲĿĵڡ
̶ʱգװ˲١
˭飬ܸ˵
յ£֪һֻʲô
ֻδ֪ΣʱĲŻʱʱ̿ڰա
κǺװѾʳʣ˯ޡ
ϵͬɫԣװο
Ǳģû£һûҳ֣ҾͲᵹ¡
ϧһˡ
һһ
뷨Ҳ뿪ʱ¶һ
һۣƺ͸
Ƽˡ
ϧΪ˰
΢ӣҿϧö޲ȥˣȵϧ֮ңҲˡ
ࣺƬǦĨȥɣ
ղǽƬøװʱǾ乷ƨͨʫѾƸˡ
ƣ㲻ڼһ㶼ûµ
ࣺôܣȻµ⣬㻳ɵװˡ
ƣ뿴õƬ֮ηӦ
еֻϧķӦʧˡ
Ʒ·ûװ˵ûÿ֪ٵģ˵Ǽˣװ©һǾԼ˵ԼŮӶ˵Щֻ˾ĶҲһ֮ʣʵû֪
ࣺĶȷɣǲֱȥ
ƣΪ˵ṩǲ֪𰸣ô඼ԡ
ࣺôԭʲôһ¼ֻΪԼɱԼһʼ˵ͨ
Ҳ֪Ŀʲô¼è޹ʹҲû˵ëΨһֻŮӶǮϡһعѵŮӣܹ㷭ϵӰǣȵʮ߹ȻȴҲһֱʳסУ޲ǧСı׼˴⣬ΪƣӲѳôӰϲҲӵ׷ԺûʮߣҲһȥڣ׷ȢˣǰƶѾ㲻ʲôˡ
ֱ࣬ʳԼ⡣
ãһŮˣǸ¿𣿡
͹˵ƵƲһ
಻ֽͬϰߣԺװӡ󲻴֪Ҳֽ覣ΪܱģһˣͲȥҹнţ飬ȥԼ
Ƶͷ˲ĶĵϸװߣǰŶӦˣͽ˭һûķžͻǻӦġǶȿװйأƽ¡
ǣƲ´أ
û׷ʣʹУһǰߣǻ̲סѱֻ֣ŤͷԼ档
ΪֹǻͷȥܿĻãã
ɫأﻹݡ
ֻʲôδĻ˵ͷһ
ҲֻҵĲ²⣬жϣӰ죬鰸Ӧø㼺
ࣺ롪
ƣţ
ࣺȥҳԺãȥ´Ժã
ƣ
ࣺأ
ƣ㣡
лҪ˵ͷһ
С޼ɵ
మɱ




50 
ǻҳԵķ
һҳյȷǺ, Ѽζһβ䷹ǵһβ䷹, ǴͰϺ׵ʣ뼦Ȼһֳ׵ۡ
, һּëСﻹмҵζ, , һů飬ܱڼԼ䷹, , ϹܼҵܵҲ顣
δ, Ｘͳĵڶá
, ԴϻԬլ³, ¿ȹϰĻƤΪƣʵĺڿȹݳԵǶ, ൽڻеӰ, ϰ嵱ʱµʲô, Ҳ֪ġϲ˵뷨ԼĪġ
ϹܼҹȻȷȲˡ
Ѽǹͷ
ûʲôʣǵĴͷȥ֮ټǡôη, ͷζֻӷůͣиغͷѩӣһӾǺңԶˡ
Ӷںʵʱ֣ڲҪʱĬĬˡ
֪ʣˡ
Ƶ磬Ҫȥ
ཫڣƺȻڡ
һ׽¶ǡ
£ȥ֣˵װҲȥ
΢΢üġ
ʼ磺Ҷ԰Ӻġ
ƣˣʮߵˡ
ࣺδˡ
ƣʲô˼
֮ǰ;ԺװĹעѾߣ仰һƺӡ֤Ƶ뷨
ѰŮˣҲͰˣһͶ࣬һװƽһ׮£մϺװͲһˡ
ʮ߲յʡ͵ĵƣȻҵĴڣҶ֣ǲǳȫ࣬οнвţװһ˻˵ǰͺ̣ȴ˻Σա
ΪҸղŸװ˵ʱһΧ
Χɳϣǹ¼ܡ
˵ΧںװȽ⣬Ҳ˵Էװϵǳܸ߲ãװûüʰãҲܲСĽ£ֻܿȥȡ
ΧǻҰ׺ɫ䣬ɵǣڲǰҸոտһģһΧ
˵ͣơ
Ҫ˵ʲô
ûʲô
֪ԼˣɫҨ࣬˳תƻ⡣
˵Χкγ棿
ڱ¥ʮߣѣǵò
ʯһ

ͷλ
ʮûܳ裬࿴֮٣Գ̬Ȼƴӵˡ
װʮߵˣԢȻһǰճոմΧ
˵ʲô
಻Ըϸ룬ȴܲϸ롣
װ˵òҲδزᶯġ
쾪һƳ˵˼
ܺװô룬ûʮߵǾ˹һ
Ҳ˵ʮĬԽװ͵ϵġ
Ǻװأ
Լǻʲô飬һһ͵һ
Ǹղװ̸ʱԷɫ֮г˾֣ƺԵĿƣʹ˿ȥһòˮĻ費
ʱֻΪǽӶв¼ֵȴû뵽һ顣
ˣˣϲŭֻ֣¶Լ
װ޴ӷ
ֲ⣬ܲˡ
֪ʶȤֿϱʮߴãֱȴΪܡ
ϧˡ
ÿᵽװȻ˵һĻ
β˵ģǳ֮ڡ
仰ĮЩ²ػ߸߹ζ
ƣҺ޸ϵ˵ϧѵáȻѾλϵ㻹ǲҪǣ̫ĺãȤӵҲˣعЩδİȤϺǣòŶһš
ɣǸǲǲʲôˣ
ƳĬƬ̣ճɣڶľģڵƵ˵úܴҲ㣬ӶձˣְɵϾ޲ˣԺܶҲϲͨ£һȥˣѩԽԽ󣬳ɹҲԽԽ󣬾˵£ֻҪӦûа첻ɵġ
ࣺʮ
ƣʮ߶ԺװǺܿصģЩͳȥ¸ЩʵȨɵľ߹ٵ̫̫ҲʮʱȴѺװ͸һˡ
ࣺһ˵Һ񷴵Ȥˡ
ƣ
ģ˼ͷˮզǸˮأһŲȽȥ֪Ǹɲ̶ӣ档ƤЦ˸񣬡İɣһСĵģҲԶһ㣬ܸ鷳
ƫֱ£úõĻ˵ˡ
̾˿
䲻මȻǰѹ⡣
ι֪Сϲʲô𣿡
ƣ
ࣺ֪ߣҲʲôˣҲˣ͵Ķҿ϶𡣡
ƣҲȥĩҵȥһϾϾǱߵĴѧиѧ¿ɳҹȥ
ࣺεӰֻ
ƣҿ㻹ͦ˵ġ
Ͻ̵Ĩ
ûе£㻹ûңСкȺã
Ҫȥ磬ܵñ͵ù󣬲͵ɣƴӹʲôûͨûķۡ
Цζ
ҵ֪һ£Сġ
Ȼ¶Ȥ
ƣϲ裬ҲŻΪš
ࣺһ̽ͻȣô裬ӦҲֲңֻ׼ȥո֣ȥòͣٺ÷ԡ
㻹ܲеϢ
ࣺʳΪ죬˵ȥҲмʶŮҸɶô˵С㣿
ƣƺܰȻ㣬˵㣬ʱ㲻ܸһ֧裬϶ҲлʡǮɴʲôͣģʲôá
һݱŪȥͳײʡһǮ֮˼˺ü롣
Ըꡣ
ƣϲ裬ʵװ͡
ࣺô֪
ƣҽ˵ġ
ࣺҲװ͡
ƣһᡣ
˴۵Сۡ
ࣺ٣үƣСơ
ƣ
ࣺǰнˮ٣֮ͷһµнˮûõֵԼֵҺڣδϱܲʡǮȫˣ
ƣԲȥġ
ֱ׳ŲȻѾӦС㣬ó˵ٵ֣棬ȥˣٲȥʧʧ񣿡

ӳƬ﷭һҳһԲ̡
Ƭ̣к
Ƴ֣ʾȥ
߹ȥ
ҵĲעҵĲ
ǵסо۾ڶԷ˳ͦεرϣֺͽ֮䲻ͣƣһոѧĺͯһһè
ֻ˺һͻȻʶһ¡
ģŮ
лҪ˵εΣĸҹʹʳã




51 
װͺܲ, ˵, Ҳ
Уŷ, װԶûҪࡣ
Ѿܽ, ޴ĸо
ѧ, лģȴž֡
еˡ
ôƶԼľż, , , , ް־, ӻ磬ҲǸոͷδȫ꣬Ͳӹϵ͹裬һʱỹ޷صʵ, ֻԼѧЩĵ, ʶķӦ
ȵȣ
̲סͣ
û
һδ, ˭ͣûá
ʼգװ⾳ľ赸һܲȫڽȥҪԺѧϰȡ
ȻҪڶ̶̰Сʱٳǲ̫ܵģֻϹ٩䣬СװҲһʶ, Ĩһϲͨ
ȻܾﲻԾ
̲סԼʡ
ֺС㣬ôоֺ㣿
ںֺ𣿡Ʊ˿
Цٿ϶ҷһЩнұȻȫԸľ崺磬
ΪķΧƱصֻ˻СƣӶ˱ᣬէô
˵ĶԻ
ƣ㵽ڣûңѧǼ꣬ڸʲô
ࣺôѧ͵ûװͣҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ƣһѧˣװͺ÷к˰ɣϴ¹ϣûҸΧôӦ
νӦˣͲӦˣ˵Ūȥ˭֪ôܸСƽأ
ƣǰˡ
ģ٣ҵܹˣͷǶǳƽ𣬻£Ͼͷĸ߹ӵܣʮоŸһʲô棿ϵˣôŬҲ첻ͷ簲ֺСڲͦãôˣֵҹѲֶˣҽ㲻֪ˣ
𣿡
ƲÿɷĴָĻڣ䲻ĦŹ˻һµڿŵ
٣ͽ裬|Ϸģһֱûֵԭ𣬸ȫܣֻͬѧˣ
ƣ˵ǹ|ܺã׼ֺԥһ㾯Ѳûֻ֡ڶб룬˵ֶΪʲôֻˣ
ܵͣૣ֣ͬ黰
ȴ黰մߣе㺮ζ
˳Ħһ·ڲ⣬ȴȻץס
٣Һܻһ¡
ţ
ٳٲɻ飬ǲʲô֮ģҲƲģҲй¶Ļһֶû
Ƹתƻ⣬أԽȥ˲ˣǼ꣬ȫĸߵԺУûչһйѧԣһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
ֱ۾Ҳ̧ͷνĿ峺΢΢ϷʵЦ⡣
ûȥҲûڷ飬Ǽ꣬㾿ʲôֻ֣ǷҲйأ
ȻЦ
˵٣ܾˣεңǶҸȤǶǶξȤβ룬Ҫ׷һ𰸣
ƣҶתܸȤһϽĵˣȻõùҹһǷʲôʣϣҵĸԴ㣬³ΪǰǸࡣ
ࣺϵɣˣǼҾʲôˡ
ƣ˵ˣ㲻ϽģǸ־ǿˣҵ䣬Դ䣬οҲǺޣǺ߲ҲǱȻĽϵţһɡ
ס
໹ûа㷴Ӧ΢΢۾ڴ˵ʲô֮
еʧⲻԼҪķӦ
ʲôĸζߴϽ𰸡
ƣ㣬ܹʲôѵܹˡ
һЦôɴ໳ҰձأʵҸԺãԺָձ˽ǳȱһשȥԺ׽ȻҲòϸȥֺСˡ
ǰ䴿䵹ݣƲü
Ժʲô
ˣȥȥûӢ˵û𣿴ȥ˺ң˵ǻƽ𣬵ʱǼǾҲ֪ҽҵŴ˸ȥѧѣҲͷڹѧ꣬δܻϸ£ִʱǮȥ
أ
ȻǱƭˣ˵ػƽֻҪǻƤͷйˣͻܵӣŻǸǴ粽У˽ִ˼㹤֮󣬾Ѱ˸عֲһؼȥҽ㣬ΪʱѾҴյѧѻӻʣ޼ȥĴȵش꣬Ҳ۸硣㲻Ǻҵôϵʱѧ˼һƴˣֽˣ᲻鲻׼Ծͻ֡
˵̹̹䣬棬һʱЩֲˡ
Ŀԣ渵ûаİԥ
ʣǺôˣ
ںȻ£ĳһպȻѹڼҵĽ㣬һӻû˲ҪҪҽ֪Ҳû󣬻˼ȥ۸磬һɣҪˡ
ƣ۸˵ʲôܵ֯ûٵѪ˵߾ߣ
ٺЦȻܣʱұ˸ۣõļװ֣װİһ£ƾҴϱᶼȥӶڻ£Զݣ֪Ϊ͸͸ͷݶ߸ˣ
ƣЩԺ׽кιϵ
ࣺйǿϺֳ飬˼Ҷ˵ϾίԱʵȴӢնձҰĲѾռ˶ʡôһ⣬ԺȻձߵýܴԺശһ˵ܴձ̵ôô˵ûҪ
ͷͷǵȴ˵·Թһ磬²ؼ顣
ԼĻ
ĸʡ
۹⣬ȻҲ޷϶
棬ľνḻǹ֣ȻҲܽ͵ͨˡ
һھô֮ϳɣ׳־ĥһһֻӣ̰͵ССƺҲ˵ͨˡ
ȴδɢ
û֣ǸսЩһһ١
Сģռ˲ɣȴԷ١
ƤЦⲻ𣿳⣬ǡİɣʮߣʱ˳ͻˣ˼˰ô
ߣƿָյࡣ
ӣʮ˲ѶԸĸ֪㣬Ұֵ㡣
ģ˸
ǣ٣
лҪ˵¹ϾѧıеʷȻѭʵǴѧǣڵĴѧҲ鹹ƣΪȷϾѧ޸һ£ǲøʵѧԺ
psϳɻٰ淬⻹δ壬⼸±Ƚ϶࣬˸٣ѻָΪǸ⣬200
ҹǰϣ=333=




52 
ڸչ, Paramount HallŵϢѾϺ̲С
ϺǸԻĵط, վȽŸ˶һ㡣
ﵱģϻ, ʱ·, ͨ, Ȼڣ˵Ŷӵھ, ʲô˲õͷ, ϺȻƽ, Сո, ЩҲ, ȥˡ
Ĳһ㣬ܿParamount Hallĳֳϼѣ俪ŵ, гԵ´, ҲԹ, ɫһ֪ϰ彫ڰˣǾԲ鷳ģ򶨻ײ壬ͷѪ
Paramount Hallվ̫ˣûܼͨǵ, ȡ֮ǡšϿڣЩǧСǣҲȥԭĶһ˰š
ȥϾˣΪ졣
ֱͬų񣬽Լ˼ȥԸ裬첻ҲٷƲڣҲܲţڵǲį㲻⣬ҲûʳЩϰߣһ߳ԻһߺϹܼ߶оţϹܼҺϲ࣬һʳûΪǲڣ½ѼѼͰҲͰ档
ûԱûû˵̽ػЦص˶ӹǽһ⣬˯ܺ߶С
С¿Ųõİš
ִʱſѳˮ
СӴſһֱŵ濴ͯӭţú󱳶ֱˣҲѾľˣɼƣﲻ
ҵҲɴ˵Կһߡ
˴ĵسԵõ͵
ûҲûֿտգ͵ᡣ
Һܿҵ֮󣬱ȥˡ
˴Դӽɺ໹δ٣ƽվֻ֪ûʣͷ϶Ҳȥһ֪ж졣
ʰ쵵Ĳװ£ټԣȫϺΨһװеɵذ賡ܽһ֧ΪСҲ𴦲һεġ
ΧֲִСأƽʱǱֱģ죬ֻΪһ˷
Ǿơ
װģӰˣݵλȻȥܷʲôСĿ͵ܳͨͻȻﱻϳ
Ȥ룬ȫӦþԼˡ
˱ģڽңڣ۲ߣ޷Ե֡
ڴˣܿˡ
С㻹δ¶棬½볡
٣ࣿ
͵һ¡
عͷȻƼϻ¹żͬѧֶ
ôֶЩ˼飬漴ַԼʵò׵æЦ԰࣬ʿյĿ࿴ˣ
ֶ¹ݷ룬Ȼ뵥õ̫񣬵һûʲôġ
ȻϴܸƲμ¹ݵᣬҵڣμС磬ȻҲʲô⡣
ȻΪ϶Ǹġ
أôûƼˣֶĴ
ࣺȥϾˣһġ
ֶ۰Ц治ԺҪǷˣҲͶǣǧð˵û
СԸģᣬҲֻͣЦЦ
ûŮ
ûУҲǣ޷ҹŵŮҲҰˣģСѣ㿴ĸȥڨǣֻҪ˼⣬㲻Ӷûʲô⣬
˭
Ȼָſڽһ˵
ֶҵģ簮ũƵ塣
ࣺ˵Ա
ֶŶһձ¹ݵˣһǲľһʶӦ顣
ࣺҹȻʹ¹ݵҲˣϾǱ˹СҲϡˡ
ֶЦɲôЩ̧̧֣͹ǳһˡʵ˵Ҳû뵽СŪôЩɲǵоԸģ˵Сδ䣬ҲѣҪǽһ飬˵ܵҵĳǿԾˣ
٩٩죬ŷĲɣһעԼѭŶԷȥ
žƺɫ۵òŮˣ˵ı䣬˽Դһ״ܡ
Ů˵òίʵڣȻĴͬԣڲĿϣͣϡ
ףǲǺװҲˣԱߵ˾Ȼʮߣ˭
ֶûλϲģû˵
ĿԽװˣȺڲԶĽ䡣
Ҳվ˸ˡ
ǰһεӰֻ˽Ǣ
ûǰ̸һϣΧ˶
λãþ¥ݿϼЩӸµζֲۣʺϹ۲ˡ
ǸˣҲźװڵķޱ飬⡣
Է£ɢʡ
˭
̧°ͣʾֶȥ
վھƹԱߵǸ
ֶϸƣ¹ͬߵˣУнʲôţ
ࣺӡ
ֶԶԣӣǸĺĽǶɱ˲գۣȻܵ¹ͬΣҲСûʲô£˴򽻵ĺá
ȺԷƺоԼϵĿ⣬̧ͷ߿
ֶæջ۹⣬תͷȾƣ¡
ȴûжңңӾٱ⡣
ӿһۣתӦҲûС
ʶֶ̲סʡ
֮ǰʶڲʶˣʼ硣
ֶ
ͬѧ֣ͽƵĹϵһ䡣
㻹ǵȥ䶯һʱͷʬɣ˵߾ǵ˽ӣŻᱻ˿ͷʬģҲû˸׷ȥô֮ˡƽʱ¹ͬߣǸЩ¹ͬԲֵۻմѪһǰ㡣
ļ
ģˡ
˵䣬ſһɧ
˷׷̧ͷ򶯾Դ
ͯ
Ȼǹ˸ҷصȹڡ
Ǳ˴ӵ볡ơ
ȺԶԾÿһͨ裬Ŀϴ
̩Ȼûа־ִɬȻĳ档
ֱֻ̨ŻͲ˵һ仰
л͹⵽ףλ˶顣
˵մ˸ֳָѾõֶ֡
αûж
˶ڵ衣
ʱһˣڳҲῡ塣
ƱҪѡһ
ЩŮǰģڿѾԺˡ
һ֧岻ͬΪԼ㹻ʸˣס¶ڱصá
ǰ֡
С㣬֪Ƿһ֧裿
ʶǸˡ
Էһ嵽ٵϾٳ̵ļ壬鹣ŵڣ´ࡣ
ƽǳһЦûдֻ֡
ЩΣڰͣƬ̣òء
вҸоõˣǰơ
УҪԱ
ƶЦˡ
С۹⻹ͦߡֶ̲סֹ
ѡһڵ˭ѡһ˭ԹľˡЦ¡
С뷨һ˴ˣǵˡ
䣬ƾͳ
лҪ˵ĩ٣100ףǳԺúȺã




53 
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ԷĿǰԶķ¡
, ϲ֣ҵ䶯Ϻ̲, , ҵҲе, ɸȴȤǰ
ѡһ֧, Ȳʧ, ޻˵
Щˣ϶ȥҡˡ鷳

Ȼ, ڿʱ, ȴʱı⡣
, תѾˡ
С㳯Цӯӯ֡
, һ֧𣿡
Ŀ, ȻһƬ
ڳĴ󲿷, ʶࡣ
ûϵӽҹཫΪϺˡ
ΪС㾹Ȼô꿡ܣʿѡһˡ
ȻȷǳӢ
ƹ, Ʋۡ
ڳôˣֹһ
ֶѾˡ
һλãԼû˯ѣϽס¶ͣ˲¶࣬¶˰
ҪǶʮǰͲµƾһС㵹ֶһԼ̥ͶС̥
ǰѾСЯãΪȫϺ̸ѻŵĳˡ
ߣߡ
ԥ
ûֶôЦĻ룬ûдͷҰġ
ֻһٷʢͣ˳һСһ¹ϵԺ˵Ҫܽ˻ԺĹϵԺҲһ·
ҲҪһӾô
ЩϵĿһͷƤ顣
Ҳ裬ֻһ㻪ȡ
˵סС֡
װͣͻ
ƻǼ˾٣Ҳʧ档
ûϵǾͻȣҵĽá
¶һЦȹҡҷ粨ε٣Ӳԡ
غ˵ֻù
Χ˼֧ѳɶ֣Ҳɢ룬Χסǹ¡
ô棬Ϊʲôѡ㣿
֮ʣƵ
ߣֻ֮䡣
ࣺ𰸣֪ѡһ
ƣŶ
ࣺһҹڳڵķȣ˱Ҹʵķ£ϾٷǵģˣҲûӡ
Ʊû֦Ҳ
أ
ࣺСҲ˳ۣ뿴СӣʿĽĺϷ˵ҽǰŸ̤ţžͱһٶڰ
Цң˵ǵڶأ
ࣺСҲǣˣҲˣҲֻܳһﱾóܵķ
ƣ˵˼ҪЩʶͺˡ
ࣺ⻰е㲻ԤУ˵ֻˣ˵һЩõĻ
ƣᣬҪӽңڨҵˣʤҿеģҲҲõģۻң֪ѡ˭źãҲ˭ѡѡһ˲ʹ죬˭ѡһûģҲ޻˵
̾˿ƿҵĶͷ˾˵ûٻѹġ
ƺЦҵȷᣬȲƵĵܵܣҲķˣΪ㣬ôһˣͬѧ֣ݹѾͬѧ˰ɣ
ࣺС㻹ңҸоǰѹһһࡣ
ƣÿһӽҵˣҪŪģΣգǺã
ͷеģһƽ·ϣҲûԷ˻һվǿ϶˭ҪĶġ
ƹôûƽŮˣһ㶼˵õ廨ġ
ࣺõήƽԶֵɫ˵һ֧õ廨˿ܾй˲һףƽͲһˣ˭ϲģ
һ֡
ΧߵС̬ˣҪôķУƴϵõôҪôڼߣѱԱ·ϵĲࡣ
಻ͬ
ȲˣҲûΨΨŵŵɬʹĳϣҲܽ˻硣
ⲻܲ˵һ츳
ҲȥļҲйϵ
֧гϢʱߣܼˣܴ϶ٹϵͿԼˡƸ׳һǡ
಻ҽǣҩ
ƿɲҲҽӣֽ֮ʣ˷ֿɲǣʳжָ촽һ˦ࡣ
һǡ
ȹ΢΢ϥ˳һƬƲʡ
һڶĿΧ
Щͬʮ뷢ļʸ׼ࡣ
սףЩʸһأŵĨͣҲȺƬ̾ʧӰ١
ٶ½ǣ֣衣
ղŵһ֧ҵϣƳδ
֣ѾȻ˿С
ֶﱻһʺѰú֪࣬ʱͬѧƺܸ⡣
ĿƼһˣһ̾Ͱ˸Ҷˡ
ԷһȺߵ֣κ˽ץס
ոȻĿɱôΧм䣬ʵҲֻоˣܿģ˵ȣֻʶˣֻҪԶЩڽվסҲͲ˷ˡ
ֻ֮ģСⶼûͱȳһͷίʵź
ԼĲݮУòӲһС͡
Ĳݮ͵ַɢ˵ȫҴ涩ͽģõĶʦգϱбϾһ㡣
СƵĲˬҲɢࡣ
θڵõпϾɱˡ
̧ͷһ潫ƹӰֱ˱ܡ
أĿͣһ
˽ӡ
վڲԶ̨ϡ
Ʈɴɴ´£ֶոսܹӡ̣ܿϳ
ӽӦ¹ͬԹģ̸̨֮ģȴ¹ͬԡ
ǳĶװ˾
ڲ֮ǰĶոձвŵ֮һ
ںװУҪ¹̫ͬӽ
˿ǸˣȫпΪ¹ͬԵİΣκ¡
ոֶҲ಻Ҫȥǽӡ
ӸĶӦǣˣȴվһ˵
Ƽˮ꣬ԽϢװ˾κν
ѵ˵װĲ²ģЩвŵĻ֣ȻǳĶһ޷£Թ˽ӣ
ϵĵ⻹δ̨꣬ȻֿĶҴҽݣܿʧ˺УƹҲȥѰԷ
סӡ
֧չӾͰϵҲ뿪̨ſȥ
Ҳ룬漴µβȥ
ԤУҲͿԽҿżյס
룬Ҳܽ⿪һֵš
СҪ£ûôҪˡ
лҪ˵ĩ죬ϣ
ͳ100




54 
λȫϺΨһ, ﱻΪ
, ҲǾôȫġ
ʱж, , ϵر˻һ, ͼչȭţƼʻ, ۱, ӿ֮صĲ̫ƽǸյıͺХ
˿, ڽӺ, Ҵ߳, ̧ͷһɫ
絹Ǻܴɴ̹ǣǹȴ㲻۽ơ
һϻ
ºɱҹ, ߷Ż졣
ҹ, ʺϷʲô
ӵľٶЩ֡
¹ͬһ, ˿ȴһߣûе˾ӣҲûһǹ£ͷҲأֱǰա
ӿŲ, Ҳա
ûóȻ¶ΣǴǽ̽ͷȥ
ԶӹȻվΣ͵ػͷ
Ͻͷ­
գ
һ㣬ͱˡ
Ĭ룬ٶ̽ͷȥѾԶˡ
·ƽӰúܳںҹĪֹУ֪Ĺ޶ǱУʱᱩˡ
ˣڵѪĳĸߣǲߣûˣԸҪɻǸ̫ҹ˾ȰڣŲŵᣬл
Ҳ̫Զ׾Ͱ˸ȻѰҹ·ǱĳĿ;뿪ŵģոտʼôҲܴ볡ʹӾѡ
һżͨףθٸֲ֣Ǹеĸ֡
ԼĸټǱȽġ
뽭ӣʼձһԶľ롣
Ҳ֣ԷһֱСﴩУͣ䣬ǺĿģҪ˦ߡ
ȷӲ֪ԼĴڡ
ǽΪΣ
飡
һҹǹ죬ƺΪش
ǹǰҺܾܿǽڵķλ
˲ѭȥ
Ȼ˽ڸǹս
ȷе˵ĸΧ׷ɱӡ

Ӱ壬ǽ档
ĳζǸӳĻ޼
ۣ첲
ϣʪһƬ
㹻ӶƬ̣Ҳάֲ˶ãĸ˵֣ѵϻӵˣҲδܰĸ˶ŵ
ƴһ·ӻԸһԵġ
ϾˣѾ̫һ˲Σգܻڣȫº
ϣҲ̫
ѾբҹѲ켸ûӰܼǹҲԹۡ
֪ʱĺģֻΪԼɱ֮
ŲԽԽ
ڽӽεͬʱԷҲڽǰС
ͻȻðͷԷǹ
飡
Էһ˼еأ
Ӳҳɣ漴س
˰벽
˼ͬʱǹ
ƺߵСﴫ
ɱǻһۣʹ࣬ü١
˴ӵķΧ
ԽԽ
ӼʮСʮףִʮСס
޹ģսеǹ
ûǹУܳ䲻ҿǹԷֲһ
һǹζֻѡһ
ǰ˺󣬹˺󲻹ǰ
עű¶ɶԷ⡣
ţָΪĬĬʱ䡣
塣
ġ


ƴ׼ƴȫΪԼɱһѪ·
ȴһ롪
ͷٶǹ
ҲԼлɱ֣ǸԶ
ͷһ£ʶһѻᡣ
ܶԷǵѣⶼΨһӳĻᣡ
һԾ𣬳һĵˣǹѸٷһͷѺ档
ԷȻǹעعһѾҪǹ
һ漴򽭺ӣ
ӳȴȻ෴ķ
Ϊ滹ˡ
ǹ죬һͬʱҲѾϮԷǰǹ˷ŵȻͷҲأ
׷
Щ˵϶ǲڣǮȻҪʬȥô׾ͷŹӡ
ֻܲͣǰܣģ·͹գ˾ͱܿ
ֲǵƹԽԽԽԽģߵǹ˾ʹһһҲ鴤ȸ첲˻ܡ
һȴоԼĶԼѪ壬ס
ĶԽˡ
Էһֱҧţ˹սǣǽϣҴϢ첲΢ָڰϣʱ׼һӵ͸ǸԼĵˡ
Ҳ汳ġ
ˣ
񾭽Σźţ͵شڳǹͬʱ°
飡
ˡ
ˣ
δüסһŤʹ֣ǹϡ
ԷûмſǹɱһֱӰǽϡ
꣡
ԷסӵͣʾҪֽԱﳶ
ƾɵСűƿ֮ڣ¹ϡ
ĶԽԽԶ̲סһ£ѶԷƿ
˭
ľˣԴˣǲӦòһ㣿
Էͣȴࡣ
ԶĹԴ΢ֻϡ϶Է
ӦһӢˡ
Ӣ˲ټӢ˾Ҫࡣ
š
ˡ
ࣿ
ʶңе⡣
Сʱڽӵҷһžڹ۲ңڻңΪʲô
ࣺûй۲㣬ô֪ǰ볡ûи㣬ôС׽ĻᣬһĻصӦ÷ɣ
Ŵʹֻظһ䡣
ǰ޽ΪΣ
ࣺΪװİӡ
üӵĿⲢδΪ˶Լ
絶̸䣬ϣҪȫ͸
Ҳʶװ
Ϊθ˾Ķ棿
һӵɱڡ
˿壬粽ãںڰ档
ֱͷһƾĬ
Ǽɱ׷ˣ۷ˡ
ţʹһ±ƻܿѿˡ
˲ü׷ʣק𽭺Ӿ㡣
һլԭ˰֮û˾סżҳζ
ҲĳżȻ·Ĵȥժ˼ǽϵҰŻᷢ
Ӱס֣ߣָָһΧǽʾȥ
࿴˿һۡ
У
ߣ˺ݻ࣬Ա˺ݣԼݣǰֱӾȥǽ
ܹǹˣȻ֪жܣӰ˸Ĵָ
ӡ
һǰһԽǽץбߡ
Ը鷳ȥԼңȻֻܰսӵָ˹գһ·硣
ǰ桭Ƕɫ¥ԿҶá
ӵϢԽԽ٣ȴԽԽͣҪһְæ˿̹Ѿֱڵˡ
¿ڴƬ̣ȻһԿס
еˣӦȥҽԺɣιιɱȥһҪװ飡
δ䣬һԷȻͻԹȥˡ
ࣺ
׷׸õİ취ֱӰһܲˡ
ԼԼһ|鷳
ҪƴϾ¹ͬԵСЯҹ֪α顣
лҪ˵ĩѼ׼ʱĸ¡
100~~
ӦþͳˣȻָᷢһ¡
ƣΪʲô춼Ū㶯Ͳֵַܰһ
ࣺôչȥ
ƣеҾԶԡ




55 
, ꡣ
˸ֵΡ
μԼһƻ
˶, ˳ƻ
һִֺɽƻ
ƻ˹ҲסԼµ
и˾վ, һֽһ, ˾ҧ
, ꡣ
ͣЪ
ۡ
׻ǽۣȻܺҩƿΡ
һ˾ڴ߲Զ, ڿƻ
, ꡣ
еᡣ
ŶԷԷҲ
, ˾вֻʣ¹˵ƻ
Ҳԣ
ӣ
Ȼ, ͵ҽԺˣ
ҽԺζٱ¶, ͽҲܿš
ʶֱȴһʹ
ˣʱ߳Ѫ顣
ָΪ˵Ļ㱡
ǵԼȥΪСǵñӯ, ¹, С޹Ⱥ, ȴкװʤһҲǵСôϺĺŹӸˣ˸Сһ֧衣
ҲǵԼǰ볡ɱ׷ɱԷбһһҪ, ǹƥƣڱǹˣȻһͻȻð
ǰˡ
С
衭
ࡣԺ࣬ࡣ
ƻѹԱһš
İɣ㲻ҽԺҽҽҲӣЩʱҵģˣȥ
ӵļ
Լ·һ·ǰбǰܵġ
˫ڵеĸоǿңȵڻ鲻ѣ񡭡ˤһأ
Ϊӡ֤Լļûгƿӣߣܡ
ȻϥɴƼԵ¶ĺס
̧ͷࡣ
߰ѽһϥôˣɲҵ°Ϊ˾㣬ˣ
ӣЩأ
ࣺˡ
ӣܣ׷ٸ֣ˣƾһ
ĸɱһŵƾһˣ롣
ࣺ֮ûд㷭ǽܣ߳ȥ֮˵ֽţΪǴһ뿪˷·׷٣ʵϣʱǾͲԶҲŴ뿪
ӲÿɷҲ֪ĻΪĴǶ𺳡
ùʲô
ڼ䣬ҳƻһɣһ붹ϼһëǮ빲ķϣͷҸĨˣУղңɥͷ֮Ǯһѣ֮ϻ֮ţ
ӳĬƬ̣˺ˣȥȡǮ͵ϡ
ټٵع֣Ǿ͹ˡ㿴Ҳ֮ˣ㼸޹ؽҪ⣬ܲǧ֮ɣ
û˵Ҳ⣬ȥ
װ㣬ʲôϵ
ӣûйϵ˵Ҳʶ
ߣĳϽͲˣΪ𰸣ʬȴˬ죬ȻûϵΪʲôֻ͵͵Ķڰŵ̨˽᣿
ӣûҵġ
ࣺʲô
ӣ
ࣺ˭ģ
ʳ仰;ò̫׵̸Ŀڡ
Եȡܻ֪ҽ˺װίУҳвĻ֡Ĵ޹أشҡ
ӣйء
΢㶣δü˼ͿӲ԰׵Ĵǹһ˿Ц۾ﾹƴֻĶ⡣

ڵװв鵽˳Ķϡ
ĶҲҪ
ɡ
Ҹزʶû˵䡣
ӣǮ£ԭ򣬸ǮԸ⣬ͽӡ
ָָԼϽ㿴ҡӢٷ磬Ҳҳ˼伫Ʒ˾ûˡ˵ˣҽŸովһ㲻˶𣿡
ӣҿȸһǮľ֮ɱ㣬ͶԹˡ
ࣺĶԹ壡ǿǮȰǮңھȥ͵ûңǺڣʹ˱
Ѿ̫ûԹֻЦĸо
ոմӺ﷢ǣϵ˿ڣʹʱɫת
Ϊϣ̾㣬ϵùҪģڿϰѺͳԷǮңͲˣҳԿ㣬ʶһķϣȫʮ֪¿ڴǮ֮ǰʱƷи߽࣬ûһһȻˣҵǮͲ͵˰
˵ȥͽӹ¼ϵĴ¡
ӣûӦ
ţڴ¶ͷҲû̧
ӣû
ص£Цտ꺮ů
ô˵˿ڻ۲ۣҽٸֹ۵ģ
ӣ
ࣺǮˣ
Ӵʣװûô򵥡
Ϸˡ
Ҵãˮƿһ׿ˮ
Ҫȹˮ˵
ӣ
һ첲ǹˣһ첲ڴ룬ﻹеֻñӣ
Ȼûιȵ˼˳ִԱһƻ
꣬һڡ
ӣװҹңɱˡ
Ȼɱˣɱ˭
ˣǺװҲ̫ˡ
ӣФͳѻ
ʲô
ȫȻİ֣෭ҲҲǵĳ
ӣһǲ÷÷죬÷죬ѾǵĴ÷Ҳ˼ʮ꣬󣬵ΧַھӶԸ·һǱְԱֽӡˢģʮ꣬ŮزиȢļңʵ֣ÿ°ͰʱؼңЩڡ
üˣӦøװ˸ӴŵĹϵȷɱģ
ӣɱͬ𣬷һļǺװֽҵġҵĵ飬Ӧʮɱģװ֪ļװʲôֻǰʮߵķԸҡ
һǾˣҾ˵ˡˣ𣿡
ӣһˣһš
ࣺ㻹ʧֵʱ򣿡
ӣѻɱɳȥĵʧˣʲôûͬţ˲ˡ
ࣺҲ˵ʧˣأ
ӣһ£ںݣѻںһûɵǣǰŸսȥźװҲȥǼ顣
ࣺװΪλںݣ
ӣҲһ£Ǽ죬װûغȥ̽ף˵иԶס
ЦˣǿˣĺĲС϶Ҫɰʵףȥ׷װǲһˣ
ӣСסԶĴж㣬ȥ̽һ£ԷƺװΪֶŮܽгС
ࣺô˵װѻһֻ֣ɺϣ
ɲ飬ɺϵˣҲ˻ɣ˵װŮˣϿô򵥡
ࣺܲһҰæһɳĶίɱҰɣԩ޳Ϊʲô
лҪ˵˸ҳԿףȻ󱻹ˣԲôӦõҲû_
Ϊ˲¼100ɣΣ




56 
ӵĳ, ȷṩ˸
Щ, ȴʹӸӡ
һ£, װĽɫҪֿԡ
һ, ʮɱ, ֻ߳ĶýɱԼ, װȫ֪, ǳ䵱һý飬Ȳ֪ļװʲô, Ҳ֪ĶͼֻǽĶŮӶǮϵϵ, ɳĶɱǮϡ
, װ֪ߡ
ǵڶֿܣǺװΪʲôҪһУ¶Լ
Ķýȥɱ࣬Ҳǳ, ô, Ժװкκô
ǵ¶Լ, һˡ
вУҲãҲգҪôǺװԼҪôǸװˡ
Ϊһˣº޹ϵ, װ⽫ǣȫûбҪĎZϫFꠡ
ô
ɿڣѯʽӵ
Ƽˮ꣬ڴ֮ǰ涼û
ָովѶδлһ
˴֮䣬ǵзѣϵάϵ΢ƽ֮䡣
Ů˲򵥡
ӻ仰
ࣺΪʲô³Ķ
ӣΪװ򵥡
ΣͲܻһ𣿡
ӣԴϴηѻǰųͬһ֮ҾͲٽκκˣߵˡ
ࣺûаײѻʮߣ
ӣʮߴͲҽֱӽӴ޹ϸ𡣡
Ȼһˡ
ǳأڸװһϯĳ֪٣
΢΢üʲô
ࣺ㲻Щ𣿡
ӣֻ¡
װûĻֿһƻ
꣬ꡣ
ӷ·»صǸجΣϳȥ
㿴һѰˣᶯɱɱȻʮҲѰˣΪ常ıͿԺ޼ɣҲ˳һΪʲôҪ£ȥɱС
һ÷죬һְԱʮߣ̧̧־ͿԽһȺආһ٣ֻٶһ㣬Ѳ÷ֿˣñ翪ְԱͶ·Щûַϣúװȥɱ𣿡
ӣ˵ʲô
ࣺһвĵطһиԭ˵ˣһвͬѰĵطܲǲ÷ְԱʮɱǣҲ϶ΪЩܱԭô˵еƣ𣿡
ӣס
ࣺûϵ׾ͺˣҲ˵Լģ˳˼·ʮ߶Ժװ̬ȣȻ䰮ռȴǿκ֮ģԳȴϹϾ˫ְѺװϡǰɱ˱Ŀ֮䣬ǲбϵǲǸǷݰɱйأ
ְһƻˣֱû˻Ǹƻ
ɹǸˣҲ֡
ڿڡ
Ȥ
ôַ
ӣڶľĸ⣬ڵأͨ衣
ࣺ֮ǰ˵ܹ㣬Ҳǿ
ӣ־
ࣺô˵
ӣϺʳɹõ˴ĺܴһ֡
Լࡣ
ˡ
ȫĲأձ˵ĵ̣ձΪ˳¢϶·ʳ䡣
ɹȻܴձֵһͣͲһĴˡ
룬ϾЩ߹ӵܣδձ˸ӡ
˵ЩϥūĹǵĶӣձ˻ССǣȴһ档
Цλһ˵һЩȤ¡˵ɹЩϺʱҽܣ˵Լϣ˵֮ĺϵĳϣҲڵĻᡣ
Ӳ仰ʲôֵ֮Цζ
ࣺ֪˻ʲô£ǿԼĳҪóԼƽʱ򣬼Ҫñţ˵ҲԼš
ӣ˼˵ѣ
ǲ˵ѣҲôһ˵ˣлôȥȺúĥһ¡
˳ưһƻߡ
עһһٺЦ
ҪǱƻˣûȥƻĨƬϣҪ£۾͸ҽҩͷٸҲģҽҩѺչ̽£ʮһˡ
ӺȻ£һٿҲС
ǿɱͨ׷ɱɰҸŻˣҾٳʮӣҲÿôһأ
æ֣˦ɽƵġ
һ룬ʲôֻعͷ
ˣһϣһ֪˭Ҫɱ㡣
֪
仰һʳ֪Լʵòԡ
ûʣǧ˵ߣס
¹ͬԡ
ӸͲסĻᡣ
ధһ
Ҷ˵Ҳ֪
Ѿ˵ˡЦֶ⣬ҲЦó졣
˶˵¹ͬԵĻҵһǽӰæġ
Ҳ˵¹ͬԸͬ㣬ΪСܣʵϽȴ޷ָҰû˽ӣ¹ͬԵĵͻ롣
˲֪¹ͬԾȻҪɱӡ
֪ˡ
ȻǱ֪ġ
֪̫ܵˣûʲô³
ࣺʧˣʲôǵˣǣ
ҲأˤŶȥ
ӵĿǶƻԱߵƻϡ
ղ༱Ķӣƻˡ
˶
δƬ̣´򿪣̽ͷѸײڶ֮ưƻʧˡ
ͷβûͷһۡ
ӣ

û뵽Լһˣ죬ҡһ䣬ͳϺ̲ˡ
ȷе˵Ȧӵˡ
˵СϣСѡһ֧飬αѡࡣ
˵СǰవнֻǱҳţγĻᣬӽ๫ܳüг޼ƿʩ
˵
˵Ƕ׼˽ˣ
ƽֽһӣӵǰЦЦ
ʲôʱҺȱϲƣ
һЦûͦô£ô˵̥ᣬӳɻ飿
ƣļСҪǸôд͵Źŵհɣ
ࣺҲǣҲԼڮٵģôбֽôſں˵ҸС㽻Ѿ˰ɣ
ƣֻһֿܣϢԼųġ
һ޹˫֡
ģҸûʲô
ƣ˵һ֧裿
Լģϯ;볡˺Ҳδټ
˵˴һ¡
ʱ̬ȵȷеŹ֣˵ҪʶҾͺˡ
ƶþò
౻÷ë
ʲôѲҲĽѾã
ƺɵҲڵ⼸죬û°ɣ
ԩȻûУѲҾôµ𣿡
ƣû
ࣺ
Ƕ˸裬Ͼزķϣһƽϡ
ƲƲ죬ֽ
ƽʱٴֽ·ģ
ƿǳ|תƻı֡
ԽǲǸʲô£ִʲô¡
Ҫʸһ
һƮƮֽŶԷֽڵϡ

øֱд֡
ĶҪɱ㡣
лҪ˵ΪԺһۣҪ3£
1װвż
2СƸڽ
3Ӹ¹ͬԵĶԹ
ϣһҪѼ




57 
ĶҪɱ㡣
仰, ̧ͷ
ɱ˭ɱңɱ㣿
ֽҽġƵ
û෢, ԼȻعֽĹ̡
ҽ磬ûڼ, ˷籨, Ȼȥ̯ӳԶͱ, ֽͷϣͬ, , ҾͰѱֽùˡ
ڳϼдֽһ׵飬ͯ, ĵϰ, ͬԷĿ, ǲ·ˣûҵˡ
ࣺӦҪɱҡ
üʡ
ࣺǰĶҵ, ɱҡ
ƣӸģزʶ, ΪҪ㣿
գգۡ
ȻȻˡ
ࣺ
Լԩ
Ӻװ, Լţô˵ȥ£
౾Ὥӱ¹ͬ׷ɱ飬ʱҲúгˡ
ȻԽüͷԽߣֱһ, 񣬾ϵд߰㣬ô˹صѧֻûд֣ľɵ
Ϊʮ֮ѧˣˡ
Ʊ˽ӣǰӦͶ˵ͨˣǲȫûջ񡣡
ϸ룬һ·ٽӣóȻȣȷ嶯˵㡣
װ·չ˷룬ԶʤԬݵİӣǣŪװǺǻǺǰףаʲôɫ
һͻƿڡ
Ҳȷ͸¶˲
Ƚϣͦġ
ǵջ񣬻ֵ𣿡
ƤЦⲻôôҲӵġ
ƣûܼʱͻΧܣûУ
ࣺ
üڡ
ࣺҽǣ㿴ͬѧϣ϶æյģϧģûܶһٴķУְλͷһµнٺûõ͵׳͸ǧƱ˴˼˵°һ
Ǻˣصȫԡ
Цһ뼥䣬Ŀס
ˣ
ࣺû
ƣյ̨
֡
֡
΢㶣Һ˵ģܹˣ᲻
ƣյ̨Ʋأһִֻ´֮࣬ǰһשͷġ
ֻȥ̨ơ
첲ԽӲ΢΢
ˡ
ƴ̨Ʒ¡
ˡ
ࣺ٣Ҫеˡ
΢ۣѣǲѣ
絶ֱʿ֮µࡣ
ȥˡ
΢΢̾һ¡
ֱԶ֣ߣ
С۵⣬һƬĿϺȻӳ
׼ƤҲס
ûǹҲҪ˵ˡ
Ҳ֪ô۾ôӶûƳˣȴƷˡ
ƣѾˣǲǻȫм㲻Ҫֱ˸ˣҲòһδ
Цȥ磬ûǹҪȻô»һСĽ
ô˵ģ
ࣺʱӻˣﲻæԷˣһˣҷŵ׷ᣬҴһһģû񣬱Сۡ
ƣȷûӣ
ӣӦûаɡ
Ʋϰݣͱˡ
֪콭ڸʲô¹ͬȢ˵̫̫ڰæϲ£¹ͬҪģӾ˾ҺͺװЩӰΪԼ˽ӵͻ飿ֶߣ飬˽ã¹ͬԱĵĻͻһ죡
˵öԣԺҲˣȽ°ɣ
ѶԷ˳ë¿ڷܵϽתƻ⡣
û˭ңĶҪɱң
ƳĬƬ̣װ
ࣺΪβֱӵ˵
ƣ㡣
ӣڼӷȣ׽һж||
̾˿
ƣо֣ҿʼеڸ򽻵ˡ
ƼڽһΪڵʮߵʱôˡ
ЦʱΪԼӢ۾û뵽˻Ůߣ
Ʋӹóһƿҩơ
׼ף״æҲҩˣأʵû˵
ƿ
롣
ˡ
·ߣӣһ׳ҰѸ첲ȥ⡣
ƵֺůƤȴô
Űĳ嶯ʹлߺߡ
Ҫ治Ҫ첲ˣͰңԺûҵ
ǵ
лҪ˵ҹϣΣ
е飬»11ңӦҲģ




58 
װھǰױ
Сʱ󼴽һͷϷ, Ҫʹ
װ۾Į̆, 䲻ƽϰ
װ, ˡ
δӦ, ȴһ
׼籾, Ҳȥ
װ˵ôһ䡣
ۣӾпϰЦһʢŵľջ, Ҳ֪ʲôô, ϰʮǶͶͥ
ʮߣ
˾һ, һ, Ҫ, ʵҲ޿ɱ֮
ʮߴװͬΧղʵʮ߸ǮӲۣλҲ, һ˳ͻ, ֵص㳡ϡ
Ͳᡣ
ʹõװֶҲʵȥ, ײȡĸ֣õ֮󣬶Դװ̬ȣҲһ
ÿ춼ӺװȥԷʱҲԹ
ж籾װۣ
޺װϲĻ, ǧشֻΪһЦ
ǺװϲĳϣҲһŲǿԷϯ
ϸ£޹ˡ
ʱɷӣҲһ㡣
װ֪ûӡ
û˵ҲʣΪʲʣı䲻ʲô
ĳ谮ѾǴ˵ˡ
ʹװΪӰǣΧӵӰԣЩԼһ棬һΪ٣Ϸ¾еǲô֮ãװں쳾ߣȨ󸻼֣Ҳůʮ⣬ڵ˸֪Ψһܸ˸˵ء
װ̾˿
ĥ籾𣬺ö˶˵Ϊ̾ˣ
˵ӡ
֪ʱȻ룬վ󣬸ֶ꾵е
ÿ𣿡װ΢΢һЦ
ÿˡ˫ִļϣϸ绨ƶˡ
װҿɲƶˣ
ߣܾҺңԶԶԶƮţ֪ʱŻ
װһЦҲݵӰˣһ̨ʣ
˼Ƭ̣һһΪǵĵӰûǣͷβǣһ
װ棺ǹ½ʲô
ͽĹ£Ʒи߽࣬ȴò쳾ۣңǣճɾ
װ߻ҵģҲǸϷģɼģôƷи߽ˣʵڵ𡣡
Цӱһõ廨
㰵СӶ£ƽ˵ˣ㱾Բعȴǹ飬رѵƷи߽𣿡
װЦʧˡ
㶼֪ˡ
ֲʲôܡ
õ廨ںװ
۵ʺɫӳԽӨӨ
װʹͷ
ǲϲҲٸǮˡ
Цס°̧ͣ
壬Ǻ£ҲϣҵŮǸˡʲô£ҡ
Ҳ㣬㲻ϲƲϡңҲװף۵㣬ǡ
װݿЦδ˵ȥ
һǣӶһ
¹ͬҪȢ̫̫ˣȥ硣
װȥһۡ
üΪ£˽ɫӡƣ飬úϡ
̫̫˵˻ңܽȢʱַǮ˼̫̫ԸŵģñȢʱҪ֣øЩƽҲ·߹ϵˣһ׽Ļᡣ
һ˼Ҳ
¹ͬȻ޹ְЩְνԪϸ߹٣͸Ϻ̲ͽҲⳡ£Ȼֳ档
ȥ𣿡װ⡣
¹ͬԵĵ̫̫𣿡
ûش𣬳͵ú㡣
װһ̧ͷ
ɫĪ⣬ϲŭ档
װס֣ȴץ½ǡ
¹ͬ׵ġ
Ȼ֪һգûй˼¹ͬԶǷ⣬ܿƵ˵ġ
ɺһеľƣҲЭ
װֻŶԷѡ
ǲϲӽ֣ҾͱܵԶԶġ
áҲס
Ĭʱ̡
漴ģżϻȴҽߴ١
ûʱϢӰȻʡ
װһͷ
ҽϴ֣ⲿӰҾϢӰ
ʧЦ˵ʱȫ֪ϲĵӰҲ־ϣһŰĺõӰǿ顣
װǡ
ȥϺ࣬ѷҲһУЩвżһֱֵȽⲿƬԼ͵ȥסһʱհɡ
װأ
Ȼһ𡣡
װü׷ʲôǲϺʲôΣգǡ
סĴû˵ȥ
𣿡
װͷ
ǾҵĻȥ
װգ۾ͷ
ȫĵĽ˸ԡ
κһˣˣ֮С
ȻɹΪͬҲˡ
ֻиװޱ׽˲֪Ů˵òģ̸½ˣδװĽﻨ
Ҳͷһ𻨴ԣһŮ˹뷨
ҵģôࡣ
ա
װãȥҾȥ
⣬ƽֲʵģ²̣˵˾䣺ȥۣΪãҲẦģ㲻иԶں᲻ˣͽһ߰ɡ
ἰΨһˣװһЩ
⼸Ҹȥһ˺ݣ˼ңӵ

һСʱ
ӺװϢҳ̬ȥ㡣
û˸Ҵߴ٣˸Ҵʲô
Լʱݡ
ĶѵȺ

߽Ķæ΢΢
˵Ժ
Ųһ١
ǲȥɱࣿ
ĶǣСӸСߵ̫ˣϲҡ
ԺûҵķԸҪ
ĶСһֱڲСߣһ
ʮңָҵİɣ
Ķæøˡ
ˣһж˵㣬Ҷˣ
У֪ʮںװߣΪ˼ӽֻҪɣ飬һŲعܡ
Ķһ㶡
ȴûķӦԼ򿪳ţ̧Ҫϳ
ƬȻ˴Ҵܳ
˳Сˣ
͵ػͷ

˸硣
ʮ֮ڵĵˡ
˭ôң̾˿úþǷն࣬˼Ľҵļ˴ŵֽ£ʵڲ֪˭˼Ҳ˴ķӦ
ǲħ
һ̺ӳ൱ͷ£˸ʵʵ
ͬʱƵ
ϡ
á
ཫ̺ץԼӣ˵ִ˸硣
ϴƵ˯¡
һ컹ûͳ˻ȥһ˺ݣ·ʮСʱһ֮ڵǿԽ꣬ûͻһֱ꣬Ӱܳûϴʱʮһ㣬Ҫȥӣڹƻڻվ硣
ƾãͷ֣ܿһͷϿ̰˸֡
Ϣֹ
첲ûȫܣһܣðΣ֮ǰ˿ҲḴ
˵ˣֲܵԼθɣ
ʹԼɶˣҲԼ
뼥䣬ϹܼҶżˡ
ڣůů塣
лл壡룬СС̵ļĴָһͨ
ÿغ⼦ܺȳͬĲκȣҵ£о仰ô˵ţɽɽˮˮҵĳӾ⾳ˣ
ϹܼȻЦüüۡ
ҪϲͶȵжģżСš
̾һĳ˻ȥ
һһϹܼҡ
Щ˶Ĺˡ
װ飬üĿˡ
ͷҲ̧غ䲻׳һ仰
лҪ˵Ź»ָ100 =33=




59 
컹û, ͳĻǰݡ
Ϻݵ·, ǰĩģʹ, һСʱҡ
ൽʱ, ûæȥ緹, ȥһꡣ
ǼϣԾǰԱլۡԺ䡣
ʱǨ, ǰ֮, ھƷӿ˲Զ, լҲͼ, һ仹ĳ, Ҫҵꡣ
ģ˲࣬˸Сǰ£ֳһ, Ϳʼ
ͷ˲, ĥʱ鿴ʤ, ȻҲϰˣȻϿͣǰһ飬Ǻˡ
ȵȡ
ִ̧
ǳѻûꣿ
ࣺȵȿܲܵȵѻ
װӵݰɱ, һǲ÷ФһǱְԱѻ
ǰѾˣȴ׷ɱʧ١
һոӳˣһӦ϶ԶܣԽԶԽãѻȴںһټⱾͲͬѰοǰװͬʱ֡
ɺϹȣͲɺϡ
˳ϣҵѻ˵ҲǣװѰװĹŹ֮
ƹעص㲢ǡ
ô֪Ǹģ
գ޹۾
ó˼ġ
ƣ˼һС죬ܹܵݾȥ
ࣺǴˣҽġ
ƱؿϹ
ѻʧ֮ѾǸˣóѻȥߣƾ׵϶вͨġ
Ӹҵġ
˸˲˰æԼǵ˭ˣ
ƣǲԼ̫Ŭöһ㣿
ࣺ㲻ԹңǽϢ֪ڲװ顣ҿҲ֪װЩʲôĽɫԽӲڰңҲڰԼ
ƣ¹ͬҪɱͻˣһѾ¹ͬԵˣٸ˻һֻ¹ͬһ
ЦģҲˣֻ˻죬˰ɣ
ϹܼҶŹ̹Ͻƣһ䡣
л˵Сӡ
ƣ
ˣ˸ͬͬѧ
˫ֽӹ̡
лл壡
ϹܼңЩ̰࣬˯ǰٸһҩغ˯
Ӧǡ
Գ̾
忴˿ǹɱʱĹ֪θ롣
ʹϹܼҺܿ˳Ҳûʵ顣
˵ɡ
ŶһҸղ˵Ķˣ
ƣǼȳѻ
һĴȡ
ԣǼ꣬װ껹ͦɫǿ˰飬˵óԵˣһ΢Щĸˣ˵òУһȡˣǱܱ߹˵İɣУ֪ˣԸˣң
ұѾˣǽȲڸңܵȵѻģû뵽ãңѻͳˡ
ӵȻҪлҲңҿĳѻѾ൱ֻһ˫۾񣬵ʱҲϿ϶
תһȦ֮󣬾ֱųȥҴǰһȦ棬ȥں˰죬ȥ¥¥Է
˴Ʒŷʡ
ǳԷ
ࣺǳԷ
ƣ㲻Ƿ㡣
ࣺһˡ
ƣˣ
ࣺû꣬һ룬;ˡ
ƣֹ٣˶Ŀ
ͷҲΪ˵Ļɣ϶ǳѻʱ϶Ѿˣٸȥһ·ǰĿһ׮ţҿʲô
ƣӡ
ࣺҿҪɱ
ƣӵˣ
ࣺӦòǣһʧ֮ѾǲǮ˻ȥʮ׮ףǽˡϲãӦòƭҡ
Ƶ㵹˽
ࣺǿ佱𣿡
ƣأ
ࣺҿ϶ǣҲǰ𣿡
Ʒ춵Ȧӡ
ӣ϶ȥֹˡ
ࣺûУѻԺǿǰ漸ζȦӣΪ˷ֹ٣ҲҸ̫ʱѾϲȥԮѻߵǰԷҲڰﶯ֣һûа㷴ءҿͽӳѻһݱֽ
Ƿ׷ȥԷһƽȣԷ
Ȼұ׷ȥͽŵõǷݱֽ
ƣ
ִ´ԤУԴط꣬¹ʣƺҲѾϰľţи˯ʱ䲻ͱѣһλܲˣö֮ˡ
뼰ˣüŵ˼ǣ
ࣺȻϵ˼ƺ֮ˣѲɻɱڣ
ƣҵԸˣɱѻȻҲŹ㡣
֣ģұ֤ûݣҴ˼Ȼɱѻֱ˷ŵ᲻ỳɵϣǲǿԽ˲ࣿ
ƣô
ࣺ跨úװ֪ǷݱֽĴڡͳѻϵһȥǼꣻͽ֮󣬿϶ҲжݱֽһøһֻֻԾˮ档
˵գֱߵļϡ
Ƿݱֽ
ƴļǷݱֽ
һݺѰġٰձ
ֽҲȣԿݱֽһǾѲ㣬ǿάϵ
еţС˵أȣһӦȫǼ۸ˣҲݱ¥ᶩһݣרĲ
ҪһݱֽѰȻȴһЩҲײȥ
ҿеҲͽΪʲôҪΪݱֽɱѻ͵ÿڳˡ˸Ƿµʼ
ȻԼŵͽʱһܸɾɱѻˣôöԸģ
ˣһ첻ھͲ
룬СûˣԼӦҲеġ
ϲ
ƿóԼλ㣬൱׵ܵܿģϾزһݣҪ֪ʵǿˣܶõġ
ֻ˵ͶԵ
Ϲܼ壬ҵ¡
Щû˵жȴѾ¶Լ
֮ǰԼɶ
ÿѧУ֮䶨أȻȶȴʧ֮ζ
ֱĳ֡
ֱӽԼİʱĶǹͷСûˡ
ԬݵĺŰӵŮǵв߿΢СȴȻҲһǣı
ƾãҪ֪װˮ;Բͬȥס
⿴ȥһͨıֽǡ
ƶ˶١
ţ
˯ʣǿӦһ
ƵжӦ뱾
š
ûģֻ뵹ͷ˯
ƵԶǴ
ѱֽȥװѻйأ뱾Ҳ
ԼǵԼƺ˵ôһ䣬
ͷϷһ˿ţʲôҲ֪ˡ
лҪ˵ҹϣʳ죡
ĩ100ɣ




60 
෢ˡ
ջͨȶ, ʮȵĸա
ͥҽв, ҹҽԺ
ЩʱƻΪǹѱܳ, ֱ϶Էͷ, оĵĹ, ŷִ²
ˣԬҵ²ֿ, ʮߴѵ, ٵŽҹһδξδ, , Ҳס, οϸƤࡣ
ɫܲ԰ס
׵û˿Ѫɫڵݵӳ¡
ϻƵ˯£ȴڲϣֱŵ롣
ĳθܲ, Ժ۲һҹ, ǵ⼸ʳҪ嵭, мɻȺʹˡ
ҽĻڶеͷۡ
ðգôֳϳθãϵ׻жë
ƽͶز
־壬˫۰΢̲ӷ϶к, ѷѣ뵡
ﻹдʡ
ֻ̫С˵ʲô
սǰ

Է֡
һڡ
ࣺװǱߣ
΢΢šüȰԼܺðɣͲزˡ
ǣǿ˵װϴδӦĳûǵͷֵҪԬͷˡ
ƣ
һ˲䣬Ͷصĸо
Էδ˵ꡣ
Уļాģһûꡭ
ϹܼԱˣжòˡ
⺢ӵǶԼ⣬հˣǰ뼦
ͻȥ˰Щˣ͸͹ܸȸϲЩСģ˿ϺҲóһһЩɺã
Цˣá
Ϲܼһ顣
Զԡ
ʵûۿȥת뿪תһȦ
ҹȴ޾⡣
ͷƮѩζӭ䣬Ƣ
żвҽధ棬˼ϡ
Ҳһ˿ŷҽЧĲҡͷͼ˵Щ޹ʹİο
иģסҽԺĲˡ
¥ȥƮѩĴֱߣؤɪһţŵȥҴңһͭġ
Զһ󶯾Ƴ˼
ѭȥȾͷĲſΧ˲ˣлʶˡ
ˡŤͷһ㶣Цݣ첽
ôҲѵǼˡ
ԷǵӰ˾ϰƽ
һԣʣղҿɹ벡ˣǣ
ƽ̾Сˡ
üû°ɣ
ƽЦ˵ȫû£Ͳһ㣬̫ˣ
װϷһŮѧ
Ϊ˷ΪԼµķ⽨ҲΪ˷׶ĸ׵ѹȣŮǷ߶ߣΪ鲻ֱץ
ĸҪ޸һʿĶӣӣʳ飬˷ǵûЭãЭͬзϻΣͼ췹
ڶҹŮѧʹϵԾ˾֮Ѱ˼ɣתʼ˼֮·ۣӳΪħߵķңǰȽϺ׫ͶԼд֣Ϊ֪Ҳ˳ƸһŮѧһнʦ顣
֮ŮǲδӴ˰˴ϼңķҵϺԲã˷ס
һӳʱĵ͵ӰĵӰǳ࣬ҲƣһкװĲݣδľѾ˱ע⣬֪걨⽨ŮԵĶһȳ
װµʱþǶڶҹϵϷݡ
ʣϼ˰ᣬͶ·δıɷ澴ƣڷȴδ֪ˣҵοأŮ޴ӷֻѡķʽ
װԴյǷԢԶľ֮󣬾ʮ־ѣϳϵϷݣԼֻʲô⡣
ȴΪǺһĻҲȫڹͬĳ֮һƬ۰죬ֲ£˶ˡ
˴ʣСջЭˣ
ƽͷװȰӰҲԸԸΪԼƻľĵǣҲһЩܿţһϰ籣ֻż⣬ͻȥҲǼּģû뵽ǧǳ¡
µĲǵӲι̣Ҳǰ籶ѵºװˤˣǹס籵ǸԱߵĺںװ뿪籵ʱ͵£ֱ;һϡ
ԴĿӣѪأ֪
װмԴʶд棬ҲѪΧ˶ŵùǺ
ǻȥƬ̽ǰһߣźװͳ£ƽȥҽԺһ·ľսºװиô³Ǩŭ
Һãӷ챣ӣװûΣգҽ˵ˣ𵴣ҲأӿҪգʱϷˡ
ƽһҡ
Ƶͷû֮Σãεġ
ƽЦ˭˵أҵװ־ѣϳ˵Щصģ˶ǵˡҪȥС㣿
ƽȻڣҾͲȥˣתʺףտȻȥˡ
ƽӦãĿ뿪
ԷԶԼűװһŵþδǹƹסԺ˭ǷҪסļ䲡
ǸϵĴûᣬȴˡ
ƽѡ
ƻȥʱϹܼһδ뿪ڴ˵
뼫ȴ˯ҪϹܼлҳ
Ϲܼһƣ˿
٣⺢Ӳǲ˯ǵܹܡ
Ϲܼ
գۣȻһơ
ޱ顣
¹ϴСˣٲһأԵҩסҽԺˣЩѼ̶֥Ҳʡˡ
Ϲܼңѽ˵СҲͦܵģҽ˵סԺˣҪŰɣȻȥϢ
ˣȥɣƼϹܼһȰּ˾䣬̸
Ϲܼ磬ϴӦȴڲ߲ߣŲٻ
ƣ㻹£
Ϲֹܼлú˵֣ˡ
ƣ
ɫʵÿ岻Ҷԣߵʮָɴࡣ
ƽϹܼͳſڣ˾˼ػȥ
ٻعͷѾЦ
Ҿ֪㿴ҵˡ
ƣҸղװˡ
¶⡣
ƣϷˣϵϷݡ
һô˵ǷżһӦˡ
ƣһû
ࣺ˼Լľ֣
ƣԡ
ࣺĶأ
ƣûˡ
˳ִӹóһƻ
ƽ£ˮ߬޳ָתƤɱδϿһƷ
Ƭ̡
ٿõ
ƤҲܶ࣬Ϊһˣࡣ
ֻһϿ
Ǹˣܻɱˡ
วϹ̵ĶͷոоԼѪ֮УתԳڻĸ룬ȻҲǻþ
ûɱҲûѪ˹˹ģȿɿǹӦҲͨ˿һЩҲ˶ѡ
ƻܿãڣɢ
Ƶݹ
ſھҧ
ҧ˸ա
˼㳦θáƵƻԼС
һڣɷࡣ
Ǳ
̾˯¿ڴһֽոմӼġ
ȥװʱ˳㽫ֽȥɡ
ƣôƶһȥ
޹ѲŲȥ
ƣҿͦġ
£ϱӡ
ԴεúܣеסˣԱɡ
Ƶ˺һ
˫Ŀϣȣͷ޺С
ִ˴ĸ첲û
ִ˴û
˯ˡ
һƻϣֽתš
ҹ
ѾˣſڵıҲȥ룬̴ֻš
߽ʱͱ
ǺŮʿѣ̽ģͷͨһ
Էװ£̬ҲΪСѾ˯ˣɡ
ƣҾ޿ˣȥ˵ƣҵġ
ԷһСῴ²˵ʱȲҲ̬ȡ
һ䣺ǳڴˣҲҪҵģģȥʾ
ɹ̴֪Խҷˡ
ʱװͷ
˭ͷ
̴ӽŴ򿪰ߡ
С㣬һλ
ƣҡ
װæ
̴ӲΪƿţȥ
װӴ
ôˣ
ƵסԺˣ˵Ҳڣ͹̽ͷûƷ£ٲϡ
װ¶԰Цݣ̫ˣܲ߹֮𣿡
޷
ͷźۼװ
ȷˡ
񲻴ãֻǿӦ
ŷ棬ԭӦ¶Ĳ˺ɴĹңһֱ쵽⡣
ԴҲһȦһȦİɴٽ̫ѨλûѪɫλΣգвǶ˺
˿̵ĺװķʱܴҵͻƿ
ƽֽǰ
дֽǣ˵ʲô
ûѯֽǲǺװдģǵֱ룬ֱӾ϶ԷκηӦĻᡣ
װһ㶡
ٻһ֮󣬷Ÿֲ졣
˵ʲô
仰ѾԵô˵
ޱȿ϶˽ۣȻ㣡
лҪ˵ĩ֣100
ࣺ衤˲
ƣѡ




61 
Լʧ¶, װս, һԲ
ȴҲżںװ, ոճʱϡ
˫ֽ, , ϾȾѡ
ȫ, Ϊʶ, һ֪ĽڣΪѧ, һճǳ, μ, 
װӢˡ
һϷЩˣƩǰһĿʷǷ, ҲڷŮ˸һ, Ƿ
ʹ, ҲãҲãԿͷٮٮߡ
ӢǽȻͬġ
ͬں߳һ˿ŵ, һ˫һ۲еһѲһ¹ϴӳߴףвͬķ羰
װͨͨû˼͡
飬޷һƶӣ˴˶⡣
Щˣˡдɡ
ŮӶǮϣĹϵʵûôá
˹һˣ˸ʵλá
˲ǮֽŲɾ߰Ӷڼ䣬͵ǮƣҪȴûԸ㲢Ǻɡ
ӡܺãûлɹ㣬˵ʲôʲôһֱѭķ׷飬ȴ
Ҿֵ̫޹̫ˣ˸о̫ʵѰֵʱȴӱĽǶȿʼ֣Դĺӡ
㣬һӰǣȻԶϲᣬ˵ˣ걨ϸһͷ棬˶ãͻһƯᣬĵӰõŮǳ֣ȡ㣬ռǵҰ
ҪԹҲбɱвļֵС㣬ˡֱԣˣҪôֱ˵ɱ㣬Щ޷ɱˣֻЩ޹ʹвҲ޷֣ζв
ȻֿԶڣôֻʣһ֣Щвżʵһ˲߻ġ
װ꣬ûдϡ
ֱסڣŻΪ̽飬ȴû뵽ʦġһжΪΪҪԼԼ֣вأҵСûˣԴͼˣκһҽ֤˵úأΪҪ˶ⴧң
ƣҪԼˡҸո˵ģǮϲȴ˿ἰһ㣬ǹʲôɻɣΪɱǮϣŹһС
װü˵ģȻǮѾˣֺαԼεˣ
ƣҲȫԼɣϾֹǮϣЩ̫ˣܸͷβʼյġ
װ̾˿
Ƹоѣ۾Ĭһ
ĿУǣ˼ڿñӵˡǮϵȷֽŲɾҪȴధҾȣ࣬ǲ̡ңʱΪ顣
̲סüʮߣ
װ
ʮΪˣλһŮӶ飿
ŮӶûʲôɫر֮
ǺװԼ˵ƾ뵽顣
ʮΪҪ飿
ΪǮʮɹҵˡ
װ鲨һ緽ƽ·ûʶԼ˵һ侪˵Ļ
Ҳסһ¡
װЦˡ
α˾ȣұʮߵĽⲻǸ˽֪ʵ𣿡
ƣôĶ
װĬƬ̡
ҿԸһ֪顣
ƣ˵˵
Ĺϵ˶֪ƿǿҪõҵˣ뿪ƿطΧǮϺͳĶϣһչӵŮӶһ˾ʵϣ˶ʮҵġ
ҵĹעҪӴˣһʼΪңҷ֣Щ飬Լ棬ҪҴ죬ͻὫһЩļңתˣΪҵΣɡĶǮϵĴڣԱ֤Ҳκβ
ƣʲôļʮ߲Ǹˣ
װ֪ҲӲʣ֪Խ٣ԼԽȫ
ƣΪͻȻЩ
װΪĶʧˣ
ƣʱ
װհ컹ڣƬ֮ʧˡ
ƣкιŹ֣
װʵֽȷдģʱѾֳĶĹŹ֮Ǽңɱңʱҿû֤ݣֻдֽСġ˭֪žͷƬ⡣ʱȥ̽ңþվǶµĺ棬ǰŸûã££һȴˡԣǻɣĶһвżĻף֣ʵϣɱȴǳ
ƣҲףɹһˣЩʶ˶ЩкͣóĶ˴£ĶɱˣֻҪڳͬʱֱӿǹˡ
װͲӦùʵˣֻ֪Ķıգæܣ֪٣ĴѰټҵͻд𰸡
ԡ
ƲδΪĻֹͣ˼
յһвżʱӦûûʶôĶҪͨɱļìˡ
ҲìܣĶĿһʼŻɳɱʮߺͳɹף˲ɵԼȴѣҪۡ˵һϷӣˣȷҪ˷¡
װҡҡͷ̾ն
֪λһֱΪҵ鱼æҲΣøĳͣͷҶȻһֲ٣λϣ£ȻѾĶҲٶ֣ΪֹλҪ׷ȥˡ
ƣ˵Щǳģ
װǣ֪ұЩżв֮󣬾˿ʼ飬ղ鵽˳ĶϡĶҲŹǽ߻Ƭ¹ʡ֮ǰڽͷĳӣҶûз⡣
˼
ãһʱ໹Ϊϧ˺һ󡣡
װЦˣôѡɣѾҵ¡ҺãҲ֪ϲңΪҵòҵңһλѣƽأΪҿǣ̸崺磬ϧһƮϷӣõѣǸ⣬ӽٹҵˡ
ⷬ϶Ҫҳ֣ܷ㲻ܵġ
װ̾ǾʲôҲ˵ˣֻתҲ׷ȥԸɡ

ƻصʱ˯
ȻǿţλεĴ۾ϸǹ۾ԴȥȻҲ˯ذ
߹ȥӸסڴ⣬ֱϵĵ뱻Ųλ
಻֪μʲô΢΢𣬻Ȼ棬档
ͷ¶ȻЩߣ֮ǰѾ˲٣ٹվܳԺ
ǰôԼ
ƾãӣֻͻʱ򲻿ܲȥҺװѯ࣬ΪԷϳǳʲôᣬƾҽԺҹס
żôԼƾն˸˶ӣرĵ֡
ֻӡ˸󣬾Ѱƫƫ廹ãì֮ɡ
ε뷨ƿϣ̫̹ؽ˯ߡ
һϹ½ξٶ۾ʱѴӴ϶к
ƷԼڴƽŵģϻűӡ
װһӦȫ˽ϵЬӣԭӦࡣ
಻ˡ
ͷͼԼһЩ
ʱŴ򿪣ƻλ߽
Ĵ£滹Ųŷ
Ӵˣ
кøƲǸһ
ƣȥˣ
㣡ԼϵĶⲻһҹ϶ˣܳ㡣
ƣҿллˣ㻹ǵԼô𣿡
֣հô˯һʧˣ
Ĵǰڣ˲츳
㻹ǵãӦ֪ûþͳȥԷ磬ǻزġ
ٷģȫˡ֪֪شչˣ
˳ڽӵĶɱǱˣװ˵ģ
һ㶣Ķʧˣװ˵ʲôһûȥû˼ȥҴȥ
ƣͲ졣
˵Ĵʲô
ࣺʮˣ
лҪ˵׼ʱĸ·ϣ




62 
ʮˡ
Щ档
ǰ蹬˰, ʮȻǰ, §żƯŮһҹ裬ͬȥӵ˵, ʮļ, òֺ, һŮġӡϺ֪Զꡣ
Աһμ, 賿һ, ʮ§欵Ůˣ˷, Ҳû
, ԱҪɨ, ֮˿ţԱֻԿԼ򿪣Ÿ
ʮ߳ɴϣ˫ĿԲ, Ѫ, ʧȥ
Ůſڴ, ǻкֻǻȥ
Ա겻壬꾭·ִ󴫿
ѪǸʲôʡ
֪Ҳǿֽ, ûüȥʣʬӦоְɣ͵ٳˣֽһſҧһأֱü
ҽ˵㳦θãôĶ
಻Ϊ⣺ⲻжô˵ˣԶ
˵һʮǰΪ¼ʵĲװҲѣŪû˵Ϣ֮ڱűڣɴ˿ɼʮԵ֮
ұϾЩ͵ģʮߵ壬³ȻưոݣŪûҪоʩѹþư
ʮߵ˺ܶ࣬һҪ˸࣬һΣֻ治ҡڳݲ壬ã»᲻ǸΪ
ƣ
ࣺ⻹򵥣ʮ߿϶ԹֲҷӦΪԺŻ͸ɴΪǿ
ƣװʮ׸ģһɺװóĴڡ
ࣺ˻
ƣ㻹ǲǵãǵһλΣ
Ȼǵá
װΪвż飬ԼǼ棬ֺž¥Էڰþʮߺͳɹ
˼ǣװ֪ʮǻԷŹⰲڸڣ
ƣֹˣʱȳװ棬ɱܶƫƫ¶ˡ
ࣺҲֻǺ±ʮ߷ˣý
Ƴһۣ㵹ǻΪҽڡ
ôܸЩŴġӣ˵Ҳûбɫԣⲻǻ侲ôȫϺô¥װĵطɲɾ͸ʮͬһ䣬ֺɲɣͰʮ߸ڣȷɺϵ˲ɺϡһжⰲţĿʲô˦ʮߣһҸȵĴ
ƣĿʲôһ˵ˣװȷֳô򵥣㣬ҲǴĺ⣬ΪֹȻ֪аʲôɫĿʲôֻǽӽɹһĽҲδ̫Сˡ
ࣺ㽫ѻǷݱֽ𣿡
ƣˣûʲôӦûж࿴һۡ
Ů˴򽻵㲻Уǵҳ
ƣЬͲŷ
һĨͷƾҵȣʲô𣿡
治ĸһҹû˯ͷͷѹҲȥͻͷһԽ̿
ഽף룬ݾֹȥװʮС˻ûţҪͷġ
ʵţҽ˵ˣ޴󰭣ͿɳԺ
ȥΧñӣһһֳ֡
ࣺʲô
ƣҵĴ¡
ݸһ䣬ת걻ͷһȦѱٷէȥ͸Ƶġ
⸱ģôŮǰࡣ
ƲĿãŤͷߣһ̶϶
ֻ˵ȥ˽ʮĸࡣ
ԴӺװǣ֮һ飬Ψ֮̽ģҲȤܴӦװࡣ
ֻԽڣ;ཫϡ
ΪֵˣȴܻʱʣǸı仳ɵķ
һװ˵ǳĶһıʮߵǲҲĶйأĶΪҪɱʮߣ
һѩԽԽ󣬳׷Ǻ棬Ҫ޻˳ⳡϷȻǽºװίпʼѾھС
ϻо֣Ȼõʮ߱Ϣ
ҴӻƾֳüķӦոո常ĵ绰ͨ졣
ӣίʵЩ棬Ҫæˡ
ֳδ̾
ƣôû
ûôһģֻʮ常绰˵ֻ̫ⰸӲƣҾ͵öְλҲʶˣ϶Ŀұߣȥʱܻæ
ƾֳǸԣ翴ˡ
ԷƸоֵιʣҲΪʲôԬΪҡ
ƾֳˣҾһģܰʲôæҪģȰѰӸˣȻҲ޷˵ʲôˣǶùϵˣģѵܱ֤һưӣ
ûõı֤ƾֳеʧҲ˵ʲô
ʬѾˣҽӦж˵һֽʲô軯ʲôĶ£|˪Ҫ
||أ
Զԣ֣ɣȥ¥ʹҲڣԸϸȥỹҪĿҪкƬ̣Ͳ˰
ƹƾֳǱҵвŵˣæҿɽҲٶֱ֮¥
||һ־綾ʮǰͿʼڹҵѧͨ˺ҵҪ˵ֶҩԷȻǳѾãרųʮȥġ
ݿڹأǰҹ賿ң˿һƵԱŲʮڵķ¥߶ߺͳ׷ҲʮסǼ䷿䡣
º󷹵귽֤ʵʮڵδйκͲͷ绰һ˷֮ͶϵŵıڣΪͬеŮ治ڣʮ߾ͰǴ򷢳ȥҹˣ·ʱû档
ʮߵ򣬳˼ðԱȥ̣氵صŮֻ˲ϵʳԽֻǻԹȥûд󰭡
գ˼
Ҳ˵ʳ޶ֻҩ
ʹľ췭ڣָ
ǣỤֻ̊ǳʳˡ
ƣôô||أ
죺ĿǰȷֻǷҽжϣҪȴһĲ飬ľ綾֮ȷģѾöԹˡ
׷ţͷȿֺðһʱЩ뷨һʱֲ׽סֱ챧Թ˵
ǰͬﶼ֤꣬׷Ѱƽ˲ѡ
һƽ߱ͻȻ˽㡣
ȥҲһˣ
лҪ˵Եˣ¸ողд~~
ΪǸ⣬ͳ100
ps¹֪װסԺСbugѾǿٿһ飬Ӱԭľ顣




63 
ʯ, 뵽һˡ
ѻ
Ǹʮ߽ӵ, ֡
˽ӵ׷ɱȴûѰͻһ
, ȴʼûǵʧ
, ȥ, ˳ѻѻɱ
֮ǰ, ʮֶ걻ɱ, ֲ١
þǰŵʱ㣬Ϊҹ, Ϳʼ, ϸ굽ưô, Ϻݣ춼ûͣˡ
참챧Թ֤׷Ѱʱͽϵ
ȻʱǺ, ȴ֤ѻ֡
ҪҸ֤ݡ
, ˭
Էֿ, ڵ𰸡
ʶԼþˡ
ΪѻδģְԱݿҲΡ
һͨͨˣôֵñʮ֣֮˰ɱ
׵Ҳҽӻá
Ƹûн顣
нࡣ
뼰ˣ̲ס̾˿
뽭ӶӴû뵽תת, ǵͨȥˡ
ˡ
Է˵һ첽뿪

౾ȥҺװġ
ûü
Ϊ̽˽
ǳ˼
ˣô򷢣䣬Ͱ˸ˡ
ȻŮ
νһԴо֮󣬽׮ӣתעȤѾܾûȥˣ֪ӺδסԺִֵĵĹ̽
˶᲻øǳߣûҪģֻһԳϧȥ
⻹һλˡ
ǰŸߣžҡŶ롣
λˣ໹ɸļӡ
񲢲뿴ҡ
һգۣҲһڲͬķ顣
ССװ߽
̬ӣ͸ŹȻͬķ
ʱ˹
ڱ棬ֻðԴ
᣿Сݹ٣һΪӻðŽ⣬ֻûͲдˣԱ㣬ƻϴ˵ġ
һ£˭֪ƻȥãæֲһ䡣
ǵңҽ˵ÿóϵƻС
üĿһƳ
ƻһһرСĶӡ
һƻļҵɹŴ˵Ľҳ򣿡
˸ҽʦвͬȻҲЩʼˡ
ЦЦϻһ֧裬Ϸ˼⣬㻹Ǻأ
ϳģŴ٣УΪ
ϧǶ졣
ࣺе£С͹⣬ҵҡ
ƣǺôǰ볡ˣһʶλԺǰĺأ
ࣺÿˣ䣬ˣǸкظϣǸǸ
ƣʲôˣҶԺ󣬿ҳûƯпģ
òĻһһ䣬Ʊܷŵÿ
໹·硣
ƣȴ̫Ͼǰ֮ĿλС㲻ͬһǧǰúŪһСľڵĿӡ
ӦƽƽЦһ£ƺµ˼
ǲǱҿˣѽ˵ˣ̽ġ
ƴӿڴһκУڴ߹ϡ
СС⣬
̽ͻͳԵģûκеġ
С͵϶ܹأҲգûȥɣѾܸˡ
䲻˵ͱ䡣
ͳջأ㲻ϲˣ˾ǣøˡУ֮ǰʶǾȤЩ˰ҵݣϻ̳Ͽ֣ôһҲþˣ
´ʱƽʱͬζ
ƵĸףԶԶһۣԭΪФĸҲ丸ơ
Ϊ⣬Ц糣
Ҳ֪ˣﻹܺҲˣȥú棿
ƺǣ£ù
Ǻã㣬һϢģҽ㵱ѣϢҲֻһ㡣
࿩һ£æɱ𣡸ĸףȽϢ֪ðɣ
Ƹ˵ʲôأ˵ȥ
Ұһи֮˽ʱû취ִҽ飬ֻ뾡취ӣֻ֮Ҫæģûʲôˣ
ࣺ
ˣʲôû
£Ǻñӣ״ߡ
ҲΪ⣬ֱ˦˦˸ݰݵĶŰˡ
úϢѽ
һţͷƵƵ
кüߺͷ̽ͷ̽ԣ뽫ݽ
С㣡˵ɣôͻȻҽԺ̽
ǰС㣬ڽ׼ôˣ
С㣬ܲܲɷһ¡
վſڣЩ߿ڡ
ֲϲ׮£ǶǸĸ֮ͷﻹʲôĸ֮ϲסԺˣȻҪ
ࣺ
ȻܳȥζܽԷչΪ֪顣
ֱӶż˵ϲˣΪ˵ֶ֪Щ˵Ҳû塣
ֻû뵽Ů˻ôԼ˼棬һ뻹˵ϲи֮һͶżߺ˵˵
ǹȻɧ׷׷ݡ
ʵ׷ʣֻȥʿʣ־ܸˮ档
ʱǾͻ֪СҽԺ̽ˣϻִһ֧С
֮ƺûϵ˹עĲŽˣŪôһֻٶȽ˵ע
һأ˭Ҳ֮䣬ʵ̸ϡ
ƶǶǵĻƮȻȥ
¼ļߺ࣬Ҷʿʱϵ롣
һ亹
Ƶʲô
Ī˵һͨĪĻ
൱||ǳɹˡ
մС£ضὫС㲻ϲжµĻ˵Ϣǳ鲼СҲСϲ࣬Ǻηʥ
еˡ
֪Ůô鷳ȥСʱӦҸƵ
ûнӴҲͲῪʼûнһϵк󻼡
ѹƶԸС㲻Ȥ˭̯ôŮˣܿģ
ҲһЩеĲ֪ԽŮˣԽ
һ˼룬һ治Ƴͷ
һκС
ƴ
໺ȥ߬С
򿪣ԥ
ܸоԼõ˶ħУһСľͻųħ֡
ϾƴĶʵû˲
ָסиǣϷ
մһ죬űƿ
һ㽫ӵϡ
Ĳơ
Ҳơ
ǽӡ
Ǽˡ
֮һһ벻
лҪ˵ʥֶǣ
ͳ100



64 
, ʲô
̽
ժñ, ַһߡ
̫ӭҡ
ټһЦôᣬ̽Ҫ, ֿտ, ̽ġ
е, ôæˡ
, ӶһСϡ
ɾ, °ɡ
Ǹִ󷽵
Ĵָ߿佱ˬ죡
², ǲŽרΪ̽
Էûȿ, ҲͲʡ
ڲһȦ, ⲽߣڴ棬¥¿
ýӵľٶʱԿһЩϰߺ͹ĵ⽣Ӱ
Ʃվڴ, ֻ󷽵ؿ, , ʱ׼ΣҰ
ֻоڵѪϰ˰ҹǱˣŻľ衣
ƺߣعͷ
ڴ, ޱ
ӣ
δ̹̹Ĳ
ȻҲδϸۏˮӱ׷ɱΪ˲鰸ġ
񲻺ʲôġӵ
̽𣿡ϵǮյˣƻԱ㰡
ӣһһҪϢһȤ
ͷҲ̧Ըꡣ
ӣѻˡ
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ӴӴһļڴϡ
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򿪴ӳļԷ˷
˳ѻڱְʱĵһЩȷá
л˰
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ü
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һĶ飬˵󲻴˵СС
ӲϲǷ飬ܻҪϵġ
ˣҲʵе˼
Ϊһ﷦ζˣǾһ·ѡ
ӴκУɫһ±ùŹ֡

ţ
಻ǰϣŻȥ̧ͷͿӽκеķһת
һöʯָȻĿ
ࣺ
ƸòὫԼĶָɣ
׽ŮǧǧСӦеٮٮߡ
ԼԵŮˣȴģƣʵͼ
ϵи֮򾿾˭ܱƿϵһܲ򵥣˵ʲôλȨصĴĴðѵķգȥһѾ˻ǧС㣿
Ů˰ѽָӵѲӻ飿ϲ˻һߣ
ƵĽָȻƷ
ʯڹԣ̲סգۡ
ӽȦӦûǳԹʦ֮֡
һöֵƵĽָС˵ҪͲҪɽӸ
仨⣬ˮ顣Ҳϲˣöָ˰ɡ
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ࣺ
ȻʱûưöָԼ⣬ܾòʲô飬ԺðˮһĴʡ
㶼ϣԼǸù
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ͽӣʶأſ
һڴϣһվڴߣ˵κеݳһ롣
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ࡢӣ
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شǽӡ
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ࣺҲǣûУ˵˵ָƵġ
üƣʲô
ཫһ˵
֪ϲи֮˭𣿡
ƣҼûʲôǼк飬֮ԽܸңҲǳڱ˵ĽܣóȻܾѡ
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ӹȻмֱ¡
ණѭ׵飬δܲ鵽ӾͲͬˣЩһ㣬鲼ϺиҵͷĹݡ䵱⼸飬Щط߻ӣ׵õϢʹ̽Ϣġ
Ҳ¹ͬǾԼλ۰ǿԼѾϽƲˣŻɱġ
ѻȻıѻ̷壬ϺӢѧһѧԱΪ֪ϽԱڽǶŹˣ֮ȥ˱繤ѻֱ׷ɱʧ١
˿أ
ѧԱʱдǽˣиĸϥ¶ӣҲԼδ飬ѧΪѧĶûдѧУְʱҪԣͨˣ򲻿ְǴ˿϶Ҳ⣬һְ޲дԽϸԽãѻȴУǹŹֵĵط֮һ
УְѧͬԣѻѧУļˣҲƧȺȥ˱磬ȴֱΪƣĿף㿴ͬ¶ۺܺã˵ѻֹǸˡȻ෴Ըôֵͬһϣ
ѻȷǳ̷壬Ǿֻһֽͣһ棬ǹαװģֻߣĹƧֹۣαװġû֪ʵԸҲû֪еһУһգˣҵйϵˣ˵̷֣Ǽٵġ
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ҲҪһЩʱ˼·
ӼȻܰϵ飬ʵԾ͡ʮˡ
ȥꣿƺȻ
ӸһɵһȥˣҲ˲˺ǼꡣɵúܣڳѻҴӺݻϣ͹ŴˣŸʾ˵ǶҳţδƲ𴦡
Ȼ˵Ҳ⣬Ѿ޷ѭ׷ȥˡ
תתȻʣһװ
ֻںװһϡ
ҵ벻ͨװΪҪίǲвŵ£һжйϵֻñûʲôע飬ǵĹע
ֿܡ
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һװ޹أ֪ʮɱѻҲ֪ѻѰɱ˻ǰųǼ꣬ȫǳɺϡ
һֿܣѻһģ֣ſҪʱҲˮ˵㣬ǰһЩƵϡ
ࣺҾˡ
ƣӡѾƫ˱ÿ͹۵ˡ
޹ôӡҲѾγһƫ
ƣԼ˵ģɺϷһ𣬾ͲɺˡѻȥʱôҲþȥ˺ݣôΪξƫƫѡ£
ĶҪɱңֽҲѡ񲻷ģ˵ǣл⡣
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ࣺ˵δرƣװҲûʲô˺ǵ飬Ϊ£ͻһ¡
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ࣺڿⷽ棬ܻЩŵġ
仰ո˵ӣеˡ
վںװĲߣڴ۵Сۡ
ͷᶫĶȥҲֹװڣŽգʲôҲƲŵҲȥֻͨüš
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С㣬࣬ģ
Сӣ
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ڴŭһһҾҪӳȥ
Ҷװˡ
ɡ
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С㣬ҪԶţ
ǣҽӦû뿪Ϻˡ
ȥĶʶʡ
ûҲۣҲǹ⣬ߣɢɢġ
첻װЩ仯
ֱ仯˵
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˵ǰĺװһ֦Ϫˮϵķ޴ȴϪеʯͷƾˮ߶ٴδҴң£Ӱ赣ҡ
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졣
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װЦЦȥִϾҲһģ˽ҽʲôԼʱΪϡ
ࣺҽеܲҽԺ㡣
װҲãҾûʲôˣֻҪϷǿȣܳܵ
֪װı仯ںδˡ
䵭üĿҲ
಻֪ԱΣٶԼû˴ǰ׽
ȻˣٱЩС˵֪㲻㣿
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ģҴӦǵĳͣȻʧԡǻ˺űչԿף֮ȥмȻȥȡĶ
ࣺΪҪգ
װݸ׼ԲסλͣǶգȫһЩĺá
ʵҲӣȷΪ˺СŵĳͣͲͣʵѾǴҪˡ
װףӳϾң϶ͲΪ˳͡լʺһֱ֪Ҳʮָмϧ˻ư֮Ҳ벻ʲôܱҵлˡ
ࣺ֪ࣿ
װܾȣʲôࣿ
ֱ䲻ѻˡ
ΪԼĻúװֱ仯
ʲôҲûУװãȻ
ѻ˭
ࣺʮҲˣ֪𣿡
װ֪
ࣺ˭ģ
װո
ࣺûʲô˵ģ
װ̾Ϣ¶Щѹ
˵ʲôҵЩԨԴ˾֪ǰΣվֻܱʾΪϣȪ֮£Ŀ
лҪ˵ҷ
ĩ֣100




65 
ûмߡ
ಡȡ
װ̸Ľ
Ȼ֪, ʮа˾, ֶ飬װҲһ, Լժøɸɾ
, ƻ, ʵٽƻ, ôӦЩջġ
, ˱С˵ڲ￴
ոտĦ˹̹СŰݷʱˡ
ȥʱ, ֿտ, ʲôҲû
ʱ, ȴСض顣
ཫ
нѼǣѿǣ, ʻ
, ܶһСӡ
пõĻƿ, ϴɾѻϣʱ˼ܰ
װģ
ôҲһʳ˼̻ĺװѼ͸Ρ
ࣺôܣⶼһ·ϣȥûġ
ƻЩŽɣ䡣
װڲסһ̫̫, ҾͦãЩ⣬ҽԺ̫̫˲ڣһӶ˸ǰ̣̫̫鲻ãӶ˿ڽǣ·ͽȥȰ䣬˼̫̫ͶԵǸҳⲻʱӡ
ƣһ·ϳһ
ࣺȥǼ䲡ڣԭǸ٣ִ̣Ϻ⣬ˮСмҲϧϥ޶ŮΪįȥ̽ⲻϲ֣ұĿϲͰѱ͹ĴﶼңϵʽԼԺԺпپۡ
ƣ
ࣺȥһ䲡ʿø˴뿪εεĸǧ޿䣬ĸ׺ӶôҲ岻סһȥǼСֹסҺЦտҲ֣ǽ͸ңĸ׽˯ˣ
ƣǼС㼸ꣿ
ࣺġ
Զԡ
ĳ룬ܸװͬһ¥סģȻǸһȦ϶ջҪǣ˶ˣһ뻤ʿԺҪס·ˣ
ƣ㻹´Σ
˸һʱʧԣԷһ
飬Ƴƪ
װ̸Σ
ûнҲûн
˵˾ģɵĻǰԿ׷ϡ
У˺űչ񣬺װǵıꡣ
ƿԿһ֮ۡأ
ࣺ˵ԼʶѻʮߵѶҲǸոյ֪ͷβ޹أԳܺߣдֽСĳĶ֮⣬ʲôҲû˵վҪ뿪Ϻȥɢģδ
ƣô˵һ񡣡
ǰ˵һֵĻ
˵˶٣ٶ˼װǾ仰
˵ҴӰ꣬˲ٵӰҲ²پգƽ뿪֮ȤϰҪѾתȫ͸㡣
ƳǺװӰԣ
ࣺ־ҽӰԣͷβûԺװͣ˵ܼǲ
ƣãڰʾʲô
ࣺǸϤĵĴˣˣٱʱ˵һЩϻġ˼ܺܳһʱ䶼ϺˣʣֱӾ۳
װѣˣȥȡ
ˡ
չҲˡ
Ƿʲô㵱˵ֻֻƬί񣬴в
Ҳпܣʮߵ裬ɱ֮󣬸Զ߸߷ɣ뿪ƬأӴңڣգֻһЩ˼ҹ룬߻ħ
ţԼίʵ㱿ϺװЩĥ͸
Ů̱ð棬ÿÿúģתͷģˡ
뿪ϺʮߺǮϵҲ֮û볾޴׷Ѱ
ҲֻܵߣҴˡ
˸ǷƳԱ߿տյӡ
ƻأ
Ƶҳˣһӵƻôʣһ
ࣺˣ°ҹûԵġҲ˲١
ƣ󲿷ֻԵİɣճԺ
ЦԺҲǿԵģҴȷҾøڼû𡣡
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ˣͷҽ棬ްΪԺ
٣סм£֪ʲʡ
ͣͷ
޹һҪϰ𣿡
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Է뿪͵һЦ
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ǧټҪ̽ĵϸһ
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ദһ֧̽꣬ҽ
ƵУ˾ͬݽӣ˴׽֮ƣ΢ƽ⡣
ߺûãҽϹܼˡ
ԼĪ첻֪ƣԺȵԵʣҽһ֮廹δȫҲʮ˶ǻҪԺ۲ա
ϹܼҵĿǴ£ʵʵѻûüԵĽѼǺϽɣϹܼӥͷӶˣдѹһգֻϡ̲˶գҵ
ֱӵµĺǣ޼֮ͿʼӶˣɷ鲡ҲԵģֻ£ϱӣԺﻮŻȫϯαǣ̼˯
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ϢžտΨ󴲱ߡ
ƺˡ
ָо֮ǵһ˱ʱˣǺܸоġ
ھָо
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66 
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ԺһֱŵǸҵȷӦ
屾ǧٴεķ, ֱһĥģҲξȹ
ʳжָԷĿڣ
Ѹ, 㣡
ǹ, ˡ
Ӱʹ˻һ, һ, Ҳ͸и
ûǯ, ӴԾԷ
Է䲻˵ֱӴӴϹ¡
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ȭ;, ͻȻס
΢⣬࿴һǹ
ǹüġ
ǹ֮ˡ
Ķ
ԭʮɸװ˾˾ʮ߸ЩùĹװǷݰɱ϶ǵһ, Ҳһ
໹ǵãԼ۹ʮΪˣӵܣ˭˳ۣϰɷʹŹһӽֽҲıˣǱߵȥɱίʵС˵УλӰӡ
ǮϵǸת۵㡣
װʼϳĶԼǸǣ󻹷棬СĳĶ
ķչƺӡ֤˵װˣɥĵط֮ǰվλá
֮Ķ˼Ӱ١
ڣֳˡ
ȥװǳĲ
𶯣ţȻҾͿǹˣ
ѹ˵׺ڼžҹ}ˣһͷͶ·Ұޡ
ҿԲ̾˿ԩ޳ɱңкã
ڱ׷ɱˣĶݺݵȫ㺦ģ
֣ԩˣǺСί׷ģ֮У֮£ܲԩͷծ㲻ȥҺС㣬ôң
ҹ޷磬ƺ£еơ
Ŵ࿴Էǹڲ
Ƿŭǽš
Ķںܽš
ΪĶͷ΢΢ðǼҲ⡣
Ŀ϶Ҳʪ塣
ڽʲô
룬Է϶ǲɱԼģһʱӦÿǹˡ
ɱˣ˵Ķûгɥʧǣ̸лء
಻ðȥսǹ
ĶʱѾ𽥺ˣ֮һȫ룬㹻ȥʱǹ
ӳĶǹԷҲǸǹмңղֱҲ֤˾
һӰǵ˾ɾǹŹֵĴڡ
סԺƵЩʵڲٿҺ룬żζˡ
»ʿƯҲС
µǣңܿҪˣܸʲôˣƱҪң޿ıԹ
ʲôú˵ܰʲô
ྡŻ̼Է
㿴⻹סԺܲȴ·
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룬ҹңӦòΪǹָңȻһǹԵɣҼһأŭδƽǻԩҲ·ˡ
Ǹͺܴˣ׷ɱ㣬Ͳ̫ðˣ㽫
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ĶĿ·ǰǺװ
ע⵽Ǳ·ովһʢδƽ
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Ķһҭ
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ࣺʮΪɱң
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׷᣺ǳĻФأˣһǱְԱһǲ÷죬ʮ߰˸ӴţΪҪɱǣ
ĶŴȴ˵ˡ
ࣺ֣ڳĴ㣬͵ģСܿҪԶ߸߷ˣ˵ţֻڶͻڳǹ ҪΨһİ취ǽ鶼ңңо֣ô˵Ҳܸͥ飬һɡ
൱Ȼûоֵɽ֪ƻ᲻Ǵʱ˿ֻ̣ſںߣƤ죬סԷ
˭֪ĶȴҲ顣
ܣܣǶģ͸ģ
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67 
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໹ǵã˵ɹȻ, ѧȴ, ˵Լϵ, ˵Լֱϵᣬ˶֪Ѫ׷Ϲţʮ
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Լ˯ǰǰѵƿŵģسĶֽ֮Ƹˡ
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Ķ̨ƣֹ
ࣺţֻ뿪ƣס
ĶʲôҲҲ֪ϵǹ᲻߻𡣡
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ĶûгҲûз
ࣺǾ͸Ӧ÷³ɼ˴˺Ȼְλߣʶ̾ڰ˶࣬ȲϳαݣԶ߸߷ɣܻİɣ㲻ңҲưɣһͨԣǳ﹬ֿֿڣҲڶϺһͨ죬뿪ںĴ˹ȥӢô࣬ܰ쵽ȥɣ
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ĶҪʲô
ࣺ𰸣ֻҪ𰸡ʮǲɱģ
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Ķ֪Խ࣬Խ죬ȷ֪
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ҵСѾˣҹһҵĺҲΪɡҲٸһϢװվͻ뿪Ϻ϶ͬУʱ˿϶дߣҲ뿪Ϻʱ
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ࣺ֣Һȥ޷ȫ㣬̸κ
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˶٣ֵֻ֪ѻûһȻɺװ֪̽ģͻȻͶң׷ɱңҸҲ޴ӽ͡
˵ԼԵ޹ʾͲ֮·ĶޣװݼΪ촷ֻۣµ޷ͻ
ãװǲͶʮֻ̲ڳ֮ʮߣʸϳôϲʶѻ
ĶȻ֮ǰʮ˵Ƿ漰һ鱨
ࣺʲô鱨
Ķ£ܸȤ
ࣺǲȻĵģϼＸˣԺʲô㣿
ĶȻտڲˡ
⿿ӷϣƷ´ʵֻҪ춯ͿԷת󿪻
֪ĺܲ
Ȼ̿Լҹҹ׷ɱǻԹ߲ƽ޴ӽͣ
ȥһ·³ϼ˵ֱȥ
ͨ࣬ƾԼһƷҲɿ
ѣı
ȻȴҲԼУɱ࣬͵ڶԼһ·
΢Ĺϵƽ᧿Σҡҡ׹
಻ţη塣
˿־壬Żֵ㡣
֣ĹǣҲ⣬ϾмпڵˣûУǴ껪ഺʢԵ޹ɥ˵ʮһúҲõʮ겻ǣĹ⾰ʮ꣬˭ûͶʲôָ̥ûüͻˡ
˵е
ĶȻ߽࣬ǹڶ̫Ѩ
ԩ޳𣬿϶ðŵķңúܣ꣬ȻװǱѾӽֻίһˡ
˸֣ǲǺͿˣҸƣֻǾͬټһ¼Ĺϵ̸ȻܵôΪ˾ңͷҪǲú̸ҾģҲﲻˡ
ĶЦ̫СԼˣһǵãʮɵϣĳʮߣºҵĹϵʮߵ常ʩѹѰͬ꣬һ
ǹڵԴ
ܵĶԷСĲǹ߻Լ׳ҽˡ
Ҫ֣͹ֺװһұǹȴ˸գֻ˶Ρ
Ϳģ㿴жˡ
˵˴Ķ΢谵ԹܵĻȡ
ˣһҲи汳ġ
лҪ˵εΣĸϣʳã




68 
Լܵù
, ĶӺװ˲, ׷ɱĶҲôͷ, ǹס̫Ѩ, ͬھ³أ
ǳû, Ǹ̫ùմȾˣ
໹ǵ, ѧʱ, Ƶȷôһ㵹ùġ
һƣǼš
ȥԷ, ƵĲ
ƱӰ, ֻҪȥƱ, 򵽵ıȻֻʣ½Щλá
ţԼѾù˳մȾˡ
дšĶ
ʲôţ
ƵšĶ, , ҪĶ, û
ວЦ˵֣ΪҺεºܣȷǾˣַϵ裬ƾʲôҪΪѧͬѧ, вȣͷǲǣҿ̫˵
Ķ޷ֻҪһߣѾ˳ʱƲϾ㣬ΪԾȣҲֻҷ˵ᣬܱһ˴󡣡
òԾΪһᱻ׷ɱ
ĶŪؿֻǻ谵ѾҪ
ΪԳɵˣȻѾ϶ڹһߣҿ϶Ҳ٣ڳй¶㣬ݡŻԺ󲻶ʱ֮ͬʣһ𡣡
ԣ·ˣԸ⶯͹ϵ㡣
룬
ѹָոճĶôˬ죬ͰѳݸԭһͲ˸ס
һһѡǾǲߡ˵
ûѡ񡣡ĶֱӰǹ˱˨
ֻҪʳָһ°á
ѱӶȻסԷߣ㼸ʱ䷭£ֱֻ´ǳԱߵ̵ԴǰֱԷӲɣЩ취Ժɿȴֶһһ
֮İȫ룬Ҳ㹻෴ɹĿ΢΢
ʽǿ̾˿ӱѳ˫֡
ܵҴװɣ
Ӻ󣬻·࿪ʼдš
װ٣Ķݷãҳ̸Ƭ̣ҶͶϡ
ôôŤϽĸֻд
Ҷųǰⶨӣ䲻ᣬ׼һ̣ΪûƱƱ·ʵȣԱһ·˳˳ˮлᣬպһʱϾϼ
ԭ©ЩĶһֱдÿһ֣вͻᱻ֣޷ֽš
ڲš
෴˼ܷӣЩпա
ĶʱɱԼǿԿ϶ġ
ڽŵһѾǹˡ
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µһ꣬ףҿģǶȹϣһɣ




69 
ֻ, ֪ʧ޻ˮʴ˴, Ʋȥֻ˫ץסϷİ, ˫̧, ͳȥ, Ȼ壬Ѽ, һ˼Լ˵, ǰȥҳȻǸǵѡ֮³ڲȥ
վ, ˫ֻ, һͲ, һ𣬾вĿϣ˲࣬ؾͿʼվ, ֻҪ뿪վ, ʱȫˡ
ӭ˳, вҪģ;³˷ࡣ
ϣѡ
ĴѰȺ϶ȥͿӭһްСŮﻹŸǺ«
Сͯϴúʵ, ·ҲײײɢˣСԴҹΣȻ
ˤˤǰ˵ûǺ«ȴ˦ȥ
ǿס̲סˣСͯ۴ޣʶȥ
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һ˿оݡ
־ǳôΣջеˣ׶ǱΣղӦ΢ӹԣпܲľԱ֮
ԤкͲ֪Ҳξȹ
ͷӴʱû˵̧ͷһۣҲͱСԱ߹ȥ
飡
ǹӵʹڸովĵط
СԲɱֵĿ꣬ཫ˷£ֱӳȺܼĵط
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վǹܳɱȺ֮вӰ
񱼣
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ӺұڴԴȻ˶ñӣԺٺһЦŸղŸ߼۴ӱĻƱٴ˻𳵡
ǴӺʼ˵Ϻ˴Ǽվ֮ͣ󣬺ܿҪȥϺ⣬Ķ۷ȥݣٴӺȥϾ;˱ʣֻҲȥˡ
ղΪ뿪վⲻ֪վ֮󷴶һȦֱʱҵһ˿ͣ۸ƱԷԴϵñӣ۷
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Էƺƫͷ
վʧ˼˴ǰȭȥöԷٵ
ǹλ϶һʱҲӰԷֻüֿȭ
֪ʱĳᾹʣǰгҪһߴһ߱ƽȶһ׵£ԷȻûúãһѾмȦ߹ǶһѪˡ
飬ƣʱ·ǴҪѶԷڴ˴ˣԷˣȥֱӰߵѹȥסĲӡ
ȻԷһవãҪ˰벽ذ׽ߣۿҪҪ
飡
飡
ǹ죬ǰߡ
ǹҲȺ֣֮ǰĿһЩ롣
öӵһöڶԷףһöڶԷϡ
Ժɥ
ȴȻ
͵̧ͷֻعͷ
վǰĳᣬղɱֺһǹȻġ
վӴǹҲƵϲղȻǽӵһǹЧ
೤˿ŷԼ䤱
һΪûˣһ¾λʵܳ
ΣһӴıðˣǰ⹰ֱ֣ڵطҲˡ
ŶˣĶܵǰ泵ȥˡ
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ӵɱġ
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ǰģ䣬ȴ⡣
ҲͣǰȷɱǷˡ
гϵĳ˾ܿϵǳ˲Ҷ
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ֱڣ໹е¡
ôãһне㻢ͷβ
ǾΣղãⳡΣƺȻֹȴ¾޴ɻ
ôһ飿
ƻشɻ
Ϊķɻʧˣڸװȥ۵;׹ˣһ
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ЩȲµһЩûҵȫġ
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װ, ˣ
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һеĿʼ, Դںװ
¹ݵϡ
ɷŮ, ƹµıʯ, ۷תĸ, ʶĿ
ò, ̸, ֹŮ˶ǲͬʫ, Ǻװ̩ܳ谮һס
ʱ, Ҳ뵽Ů˽Լ, һĹ¡
каԵʮߣõ¹ͬԣΪ¹ͬ, ȴͲĽ, صĳ, ;ǣºɵơ
һǻںװߵˡ
Խ·򣬾Խ棬ԭΪ鰮ͨͨƷ
װĲֺĿģƺҲѾԶԶ
, оԴͷװȻˡ
ĺľһű߸ϰյʯͷȴʼղ£޴
᲻ŪˣǼԶݣ
ҡͷȥУۿźװϷɻɻûã߷Χڣͱը׹ˣϹȥһЩʬڣֻǲȫװͳģҲҵˡ
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ԭ֮ǰ˵òɱΪͻѶ
ѶҲ˵ļƻ׷ɱǵɱֻ֣ҲȺףݲݳˡ
ˣǰ˵ľ֮ˡ
Ƽ㱣΢΢ü
ˣ
ûʲôһЩƤˡඨ˶񣬡ôˣ
ƣȥҽԺ˲ˣֻһš
ࣺ㷢ֵģ
ΪȷŵˣӦϹ뻻ҩĻʿ
ƣϰ·˳
ٺһЦƽϰʱҲûôɣ
ƣ˵ʲô
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ûʲôл˰ҪӼʱϵСҪˣ
ƣֻ˵ȣϸ˵Ҿ㣬ǽӡ
⻰ţе㲻ġ
ѧ˾
ѧϰɼʦأ
ʱŮͬУ٣ŮѧԿԣļͥеٮٮߣȻȻڶѧĽ֮顣
ʱƵᣬʵవؽϾӮÿһ»ܻîžʤɴ֪˼ǳʤ㲻ˣֻһ˿ʯġ
˿ֻԷĺʤַˣΪûһΣЩŤ
ڼҾû䣬쳾֮ѧὫǵûҪĺʤĶͬǰӵȥˡ
ûûɱô˵ûнӣһǹҲ㹻ɱ˳ٻѣһǹ̫ˣҲû뵽һţִ˸ϹǷݸм֪ô
Ͻͬѧ˳ë
ƣ޷ôǡ
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ͻȻղһͨܣϥǸŪˣڻ䲻ȥҪ۸հɣգ
Ӵһϥǿʼߺߡ
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Ҳ֪װȻֹĹһĽɫ
ۺģֻǿֻǺ¶
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˴ﴦ˶Ҳܼ̣ʱԪѹ𵨴ѿѾ֦ͷҪڴռͷǰûӡ󣬲ɽˮľǡ
ҽ˵¯ѩغóԣ֪Ķѧģǰһأִ࣬滹ЩҰˣҪͣŲһǾ͸ˣ
˵仰ʱһճ¯Ⱥ¯쳤ҧһڣ¶ͷйٵìܱ顣
ƾ˹Ķˡ
ѡһÿӴסһһС飬ᴵЩ졣
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Ҳǰ˯߲ѣ𴲣ҲǵѧУﻹδѧģҲǾ̫ڣȥӻײϳֳʲôʡ
˭֪ƿģǻ࣬һš
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룬ƺֲ
Ϊһ˿ĲֱӴо־ֳļţ˸Լѭ뿪Ĺ켣һ·ңҲòۣӡ̣ҵлϡ
ԣƽΨһϵʳ¯
˵죬ɶҲ˵Ӷ˾Ȱ׿ˮܺȳζ
ϰϣһжĵط𣿡
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ϰʮ̴漸ַϣǸսʱͶĿתһ
ۼ֣ⷢϰһ¯СƺҲȱĶһ㡣
ǵطʲô
лҳһ仰ϰȴ˲Щɫ䡣
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иԶסǳǵĽˣһҼûɼﳤҹӶô䣬ҲһˣҪ֪˵˵
ϰҳ£սһģ
ϵ˶֪Ǹ׵أǰһ߲˲ֻ֮ʣһ˼ңһŮˣŮǰ겻֪ĶһӤţ˵͵˱ҵĺӣҲ˵ǴӷضϼĹӣƽʱû£ûԸ⿿ģҲû˼Ұȥ
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Ｘڽˣɫϰղ˵ǷеɭɭķΧ
߹ļ˼ңѵֶʱû˿ڣӶǳŵģԺﲻ֪˶ٻҳЩڵź⾰ˡ
Ψһһɾ˼ңȻϰ˵ľѸˡ
վԺʱͷҲų
Ů˺滹ŸСӣ㣬ްֲŮ
ǣŮ˿ǵĵһ仰ѯ⣬һ
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Ů˵ɻ, ˸Сۡ
û˵Լ, ߲˵ġ
㣬Ƚ, ֪㲻㣿
Ůȴҡҡͷ
˰, ǹѸ, Ǳĺá
ЦЦ, ֱ̤
޷, ǲ⡣ʱˣᳫѧ, Ще֮˵, Ƕǲŵġ
СӼ˽, æ㵽Ů˺棬Ů˫ȣ̽ͷһ˫ˮ۾, ֪ӳ˭Ӱӡ
ͷһ, ʶðһ䣺⺢, պΰɣ
ŮˣǣǹȻ˵İɣܺС˸ţ˵ܿѺӽߣһ뽫Ӷһʱգû뵽ǲˡ, С޵ʱҾˣڣ裬Ҳһˣ
ԽԽ⺢װԨԴǳ
пܣǺװĺӡ
װȻ飬ȴû˵絮Ů
Ǵðģ
Сû˵Ӻӵģʲôģ
һͷûߣһƤС𽥷ɾ裬ʱѾ໳ˣˡ
仰һʣŮ˶ȻĿ֮ơ
ǲģС˵ˣһ裬һ
ࣺһ
ŮˣС˵һƣһ衭
ࣺࡣ
ǣǾͶˣŮ˳ɿԼϴˣ˸ŽҾ˵С㲻ƭҵģ
⼸仰ȴƵɻ
װϵԼ£ϵǻҵͽŮˣúӸǡ
ƾʲôƶһߺӣ
ȻװڻбչЩ
ҲߣҪĴ𰸡
ڣȽӵ顣
С㻹˵ʲô
û˵ʲôûӣֻżǮͿŹںӵҲһֱܵģ˶ãΪҴڼŸӡ
⺢𣿡
ŮҲȷӦǰɣ治ãͱˣֻң˵ǻѺӽߣٸһǮʵ˵ҪûҵǮ⺢Ҳ᲻ҪСʱЩ⺢ҿԼţ
СӦ٣
֪ʱѾվ
ŮƺЩ죬ָȳһ
ֱӴӿڴԪ
Щţû̫࣬ͷ˸͹
뺢ƽӡ
ӷӦЩٶۣҲǸŮ˳겻˵Եʡ
ŮϵĴӷȻ㹻ȫ˻ţĻԺӳɳȻҲǺ¡
ûٹ꣬⺢ӴһЩΣҲˡ
ܾǺװϣǰѺӴߵԭ
ʲôʡ
û˵
Ů˵⺢ӽкο࣬˵ƽҲľګЩ
ࣺο࣬ĸࣿ
Ůˣĸ࣬ԿĿ£
ùֵ֡
ļҳ֣
װҲ˰һֽ׽⡣
Զĺģ˿һȥ⿪
벻ԸĺĻûתͷߡ
ο໹˵·ǣţȻԼ
Աȴ᲻Ůˣſͷ󿴣žžવص˵Ĵޡ
ŮҲۿ׷ֲˡ
㣬߰ɣ㣬ȥǻúôģ
Ϊҡ뿪ʱ򣬾ͲȥղǼ¯ˣɫҴңë̺űڻССһϸΪǰ
ô죿
ȻصϺŷԼһ鷳
ⲻСҲʲô棬һӣĺӡ
ӿɲ־֣ùܳԺɶýʶ֣
ԼԼûʲô⣬ĴҲûϣҽԺһһú
ڣɵˡ
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ƵûǺװһ壿ǰæʼͰľֱڣȻˣµȴһֱڷã㱧ߺӣӦҲԤ֮ڡ
˼ǣҪУӦô
ƣ͵Ժȥ
ûֲ֨һ
ңӦþͻˡ
˸ͷȥ
ѿ޸ᣬ໳˯ͺĴָһ˱һ˱
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ΪԺ˵̫ԶһһȥУʱ
ŵϹܼ壬һ໳ﱧŵĺӣסˡ
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ڿЦģⲻҵĺӣһѵģʱǣæ꣬ͽԺȥ
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ҪǱźӣѾЦô
ˣ΢΢鴤Ҳ̵úˡ
嶼챻ŪͿˣʼϷ˫
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Զԡ
˫ֲҲ̲סˣЦ

˺ű䣬ǻڶౣк۵һ
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䣬ȴźװҪ˵Ļ
佫ǽ⿪ŵĹؼ
ڻңƼоϻȡַǰʱԿ׵ģһ˿塣
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֪УضʣԹλԩ޳ȴƽ׽ǣʵ壬λڻȪ޷Ǹϣҽȥһһ
պΣװһƽŮӣֳγСֳ׺񣬽࣬Ϊ֣Ҷԣȴ縸ĳպμҺʣֳʧ٣Ӵ䲻
ҿѰδҲȥǰĵطˣϧûҵ˶˵ֳüҾ࣬׸ʶԶߣʼղţΪֳˡ
ֱһգֳѵŰݷá
ֳѾң粻ĲǷծŹһȾȤ˽ȴֳϢ
ֳ֪ʧ٣ǳˣǰ¹ȥμӽĶᣬȴʮߵĳĶ׷ɱȺڷǰ˸ԣҺúûţңǰʶһŮӣһӡ
˴ǻʣҵʱͻֳݲ򵥡ͬɩӣҲϵĹǵڻǺ֮⣬ҲΪǣˡңҲδ¶
ʮҵңҳΪӰǣҲǽֻΪҵòֳ֪ݣҪͽңңһ潫ҵһ棬ϣҵͻƿڣھֳܡ
ҼȻѾ֪һУ;䷢οֳ֪Ķʱ͸Ӽᶨͷ
ʮ߽ԽҵǰҲڣ֪ҶֳĹһ֪ҷɾ裬ӲģƴӣҲ֪һЩ顣
Ҳɴ˷֣ʮ߱󣬻һ
͸ΪأʮǰҲѱͬһ֪һԵõҪĶ
Ȼҷ˳ܡ
룬ͣҲѾ֪һЩ
ճһձˣϺͶ֮⣬úܴϺڰ˾͹ضϵǳʵϣǹضϺĴˡ
Ҵӳ֪һϢһǳҪϢҪϢͳȥϢѾϤҲ޷Ȳᣬ˵Լ
ֻΪ׷ֳΪѣ˵ЦʮһֽΪӰǣҳݵЩӰ¶᲻갮Ľɫ֪ʮ֪֮󣬻ڣ
Ҳûãֻڵظˡ
ҲϷ̫ĽɫݶˣҶʮߺͳԽ޷̣ˣƬҲܼܶ࣬һҲġ
һɱ˳
װżЩ£뵽дļ֪Լڽعǰ֣²ߡ
ǰ·һŮӡ
ǰ˼ʱдֺڣҹּ֮أƿɢ䣬һⳤ𽥳Ρ
֪ʱƽӰԱߣ顣
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סӣů֡
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72 
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ұһľ֡
ǽԼƲ, Ϊֳ, ЩʮһֱûҵĻɣǻɵ, ô¾ͽвȥˡ
ǲҪǣߵ, һ֮, ҹδɶҲֻΪֹ, ȥ
Ǿ֮һԼвš
ΪֱӴɱɱ, Ȼǲеġ
ǸΪɵˣЩĲƸ, Ϻ̲ߵ, ڶ̸Ц, µ͵˹ΪҲ֪Լһع⣬ֲ⣬Է, ҪŴʵ, ˳һڡ´ǰһ, ġ
Գߵ˵ⲻһ£ǷǳεˣšҡΪԲҩԶԴ, ֱдţ޷⡣
ҲȨǮɣҿԶ޷⡣
вΪӪ̶أӷԢ¥̨ϵľ棬ӰԺӳĴɱûжԼ֪ԼϷȡˣˣԼ
Ȼƾһˣ޷ֵġҺֳǰиճµѣͬҪɱͷβİӳմɱҵˣǳһФѣҲ֪Ҳ֪ǱǷˣ֯Ĵڣֻ֪ǵĿһҪȻ;ͬ飬־ͬϡ
Ҹ߳飬ֻܿҪλˣŸȡˣû뵽ˡ
һţʹҰȻҲֵ뷨
ܱǸˮ⣬ԭȫȫľˣƻԬݵİӴСҵıǵвһ£ʮߺͳŸɡ
ھ¥Էڷʮߺͳ̸֮أȻҲɺϣҵĿĲΪΪóע⵽ҡ
ǰңֻһŮƤ໹ȥѧʶһע⣬ͬӰǵĹ⻷ôֱǮ
ĻϵңȴûĻµңԱȣ֮ԽŨҲаգһġ룬Ҳһ
װİտľ֣
ס̾
ƾӦ˵˵˼ܵλ
ͷ㻹ǵõھ¥Ҹʮͻ֪ҪӣҲֻ֣Ҫʵʵڰк顣
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ࣺʢװֻŮ˰˽¾ۻҲԷɡ
ƣ֪ˣȫǳųȥġ
ӣû뵽ڼһΡ
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ʵʵеѵû𣿡
ƣûС
ɿӶԷ﷢ֵߡ
κ˷粻ڡ
ƶ϶ϲװ
㲻ϲҲĺøУľˣ˭ܲøС
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û㻹ٿ˵뷨ڷѧģһΪһһһأ
ʼᳫǰɴǵȨƵ˼ң˵ɼ̫̫δ飬ڱȢһҵˣҲȱȽǡ
ҡװŮˣϲģֻ㣬ױ˼ɫԣ޿˵䣬ͷת򡣡
񫷸ˣ̲ס̺Уȴżݡ
ľĺǺģˣֻ»ûɱ﹬Ѿۼ¶ܴˡ
˼ˮɤӣҲϢˣż¶ȥ
װ·ʵһ·޷صı磬˵־ȴ̿Ľ֡
·øһЩͿֹķ
Ȼϣͨʮϵҡ
ʮ߹ȻԸ֣ҲҵҾ˳ߡ
Զδһиոտʼ
һʮ߸ɽˣʮѾüʱ֤ҵףҲңֱһγУǹɱҺԥ£Ȼ޴󰭣ȴҲӮΡҪᣬΰɱ޹أˣȻ͵ҲԲ١
ΪԲˣԼˣ֡
УȻ˲ٰ취ɷѿģвЩദ֮ͽλЦͲ׸ˡ
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ϺĸȨݣ󲿷ֶϺʵ֣뿪ϺȻҲܳԴǾԲҪġ
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޴ӵ֪࣬Ҳȥھ򣬽¶ԼΣˡ
Ϊֵ֪ʱˡ
õʱȥ۵ķɻϡ
ұһУ޷ʧܵء
ܿţǾ˵ҳɹˡ
ŮӶǮϵʵҲΪΪʮ߰ߵߡ
ֻǽŴˣȥɱ·ϵһϰ
û뵽һ޸֮Ůӣʮߴ˼꣬ɱ£ҲӦ֣޿־ˣ˵|飬Ϸ壬ռȫˡ
ұûš
ϻҽԺڻҵ£Ҫȥ֪СģҾ;⽫һжǣͷβڹ
ҵ֮žͬҸǵĳһ˺űչС
ллǺˣֻϧҶԲκ͹ġ
ǵڻİ·ˣҲ޷ʶλˣӴ˴˵㻵£֪ϻ֮ˡ
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ҵñ˽֮࣬Ҳһʮָˣ֮꣬ڹ㲻ǸϷӣܾ΢֮
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˲ظ֮ңֻҪ֪֮Ϊǿ֮ˣɡ鷳ڽԺҲɡ
֪Ƽˮ̫꣬ͷλСŮڴˣߵͷлؽλӿȪ౨
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ζ
վ̲ס̣ۿһˡ
̲ȼյĶż㣬ĿںװĶ׶ϣþó
ֱƳ
ϻﻹмв㡣
ѭȥԷϻްȻһСӡ
Ʒֻмҳûֻ֣дһЩ֣ÿһҳֶͬϡϡ䣬ֲУͷԡ
ࣺǡ
ƣһ뱾
ʯ𣬼䶸Ȼǰ
Ƿļıֽٰձ
ͻȻ
ƣ¼ŵģ㻹ǵ𣿡
ࣺҼǵãǷݱֽѾ˺װڿ϶ҲҲˣ
ƣ뱾Ӧݣǵӡˢıֽ϶Ƿڱֽеݣȥͼݣ϶һġٰձ
²˳٣ϻ뿪ңֱǰͼݵıҡ
ȻϺʮڵıܣ۴С˴ҵ
ʮʮߵıֽʮʮߣԣȥıֽҴӳѻҵһݾɱֽȥģ
ġ

һͷƴϢչȥ
ʮʮߺŵġٰձû뱾Ӧ˺죬Ӧһҳݱֽô࣬һƪ鱨
Դҵңһҳ֣ȥӦǸ֡
ġˡʮߡʮˡʮ
ÿҵһ֣ñʼ
Щģɵ֣էȥҲȫҵġ
ƽУͨ˳Ļ
վڳе£ָƽ
΢΢ס
ɣһݹʱ鱨
ڸոչȥһվܹؿʼһǹѸռȺֹ֮űڡ
мвսģģӵģҲԡѪսģɣϺҲ洦ɼ
鱨仰Ѿ˵顣
ʱȴгѻФˣΪ̶̼֣
鱨ͳȥûУ
Ӧͳȥˣʵ岻󡣡Ƴձ˴ȺӿʼѾѶȫ£ķչҲȷʵˡ﹬һûһЩЩ£ȻΪȺ׶ϣܻ𣬾ļߺ֣ܿҲúüʱ䣬½һ鱨ϵ
ĬƬ̣ԣװмֵġ
ƿ϶У﹬ǸڣϺͺѲڣһЩ˵ǸᡣңװҲ˵ˣ﹬ܿܽӵҪ񣬲ŻҪҴ뿪ϺҲǺװ¶Ķֵԭ֮һ
ֻࣺû뵽֣֮ͼ
ƣҲû뵽һŮ֮亱С
󣬷ɻ֮ϣһ֮䡣
һ˵Ũ⣬
һֳ֮
װֻҪǸΣյͷͿԸ﹬ĺǣң
ԾѡѵǸѡ˷ǵľ·
ڿ˵ԼֻǸ뱨Ϸӣûʲôҹ壬࿴ԶȴüҪ¸ң˰˵˿ȴ֪׵׳١
Ҳ󣬻˷׮ţӶλŮӡ
ҲԶʱû⣬Ӵ˲ա
һǣװ֣һ޵Ĵ档
ɫѾȫ
ҲҲ˹л͵ʱ䡣
˽ֽŻȥߵͼſڣƽ˻񣬻
ҹɫжȻһػ棬װ飬ͬǲ뱾һɴ
Ϊҽ֮ҹ硣
һͰ档Ȼ
һȥ
һأĺ˵
Ϊ֪ಢǶôһͰζֻ棬ع˼̻ů
ںװǷݼ䣬δŵķٻٶʧȴǸسԺ
˲̨ףĺ
лҪ˵ʷʵҹϣһӦþݸһˣһЩϸڣһµ¾һ𽻴ΣװĶ죬лһƽдĿģǿԼ =3=
ʱȻһԲأҲheõ~




73 
һݴͰ, һС뼦, Ҿ;СòУˣ
̾˿, Ŷαһ
ͬ¿ӵƾ˹Ķ, Σ, Ŀ񣬷·ڻζŵʳ
, ʱ, ǲѧͬѧǳ
ƣôû㺰Ұְ֣
ڵĲ

Ѹٳϲͽǰ, öĲˮ˸, 㽦ڲͽϡ
ʳ޲, СҲҲô̹ġ
Ǻ£òֺһڲˮѹ
Ҳ˵СʱˣҪǳ⻹û꣬ʬˣ
˵, Ϳʳָ, ˸С, ﻹˡ
ǽӻʱٵСͯű˯ɳϣüĿϡмֺμҵ
ֻǣΪʲôкοࣿ
װǾ⺢Ϳ࣬ǾԿ, Ī⣿
ίʵˡ
ĸְɡСȪ֪ҲϣиȫµĿʼ
ο֣Ӧµ˽⡣
û飺Σ
û뵽ô˸
ɼıҲ޳ֻǲ˵ʵڼթ
ĸĸģ
Ƶ£ԣġΪģΪΪʥ̾ѧΪʢ̫ƽΪģμöϣ֮ҲˣΪУ
һ£Ҳ̫ˡ
ôǣʹðһ䡣
ƣ
˫֣УǴڣ˵㣬ͽģģҲֻ⺢Ҫôãû飬Ҳûӵľ飬̫׵ɣ
⣬ڻ·ϣѾˡ
иͬ£ǽĵģǷ򸾽꣬ϥԭһŮǰˣͽûŮҿȥʣǺġ
ࣺΪΣ
ƣֹۣˣҲˣӦÿԷġ
⼸վȼסҼҰɣҽҲһֱҪСһͦ˵ġ
˵գ˸Ƿ
Ա˾еһˣС˯Ƭ̣СʱҰɣûȥֵñҽ߶û˯
ԽԽСѾеԺˡ
һѡ
ȥɳ˯
һָһҲƮɳߣź£ԴһֱӾͲʡˡ
ıĶѣҲֻ۾һۣбԼ˯
⺢Ӷ練ӦʮУƫ˵ϰԴӸ뿪֮Ҳֻţֿ߰Ȼߣɼﻹͦġ
ʢһ˶ԣܰѺӺƺҲʲô˲õ顣
屧ë̺߹Ųָָֿ࣬ƣѯʡ
ףͱűӹȥ˸ϡ
һһСԴţ¶ë̺棬Īг
ȻЦһ¡
Ī
ЦүҿЦŸЦġ
ԼЦˣ
ǣԵĻȡ
СԴСǼңﶼ࣬ЦҲˣЦЦүͶү
Ʋ죺ǳǷǣͷۻЦҲǿЦ
ѼӲķǡĬĬ
˽ƣҲѧʱͬ亢ӣڱҵ֮кܳʱûüĺҲûȵٴμ棬ƺȻͳһسˡ
ҲֻʱŻ¶ܻοЦԿķӦ
ʱ룬ֵܸԳҵнԶϴ϶겻żңֲ֪æЩʲôǵӰ·ⲨܵĴϺΪһ壬ʱʱģƻδѧɹҵĳһ廹ۿϴغ϶Ӵ˻ؼĴ͸ˡ
Ҳƻع֮϶ŻżԶٷҲûһԲЦ龰ΨһܹתȴΪ|ޣɷʹ⡣
ֱĳ֡
¿ǢһǣйĻ޴ţȴҵο塣
֪ϲ˵ͷ࣬ҲһԴġ
οãүĺģʵ򲻱Сٰ㣬Ҳһļϣǳˡ
һ˯ֱ˯
ʱڴֱϵĺˣ֣űڹ۲
ԽԽСֹüۣ˵ģкװϡ
ϧװЦᲨ⺢ȴ֪òŻЦ
ο࣬㻹ǵԼְɣù˵ƽʱ㰢ġ
֮û˵ȻӦȴ١
ʱҲ⡣
ûӦŵοֲãǲϣԺԿ࣬Ϊȡֺģȥ¼ң°ְֺ֮ǰȸҹи㣬ϲСƯģһȥס죬òã
Ļû֨
Դ
ףùãʿǲǹ㣬ֻΣϣԼ΢ȥı硣
ƶǶȴһ
߽ѾСѣ߳ӡ
ס죿
е㲻ᡣ
Сͯô˵վҲǼˣֵ㡣
ٺһЦҲԸסҽˣҵûȥȻƤҪˣкڣôҲڷ̫ݰɣ
бһۡ
ԭǴŵƵ⣬Լô˵˻ؼͻȻ
ҪȥѧУ˾˳ؼҡ
ԶԶģƼңڼſɨѩ
ҹһѩС
˺һ㣬̫ҲѾСԶѩ̣Դ˶ȴζųв㣬ЩطСҲ˲òߡ
ң̧ͷüëһҪĿȴǣŵСͯϡ
ĺӣ
㣬һˡ
ңʱôʵԲ
ʲô⺢ӵģ
һ⻰֪ˡ
㣬µ񣬺ôˣҲȥˣ˽ӡ
ƣ
ң˲Բֿģָָ֮࣬˰죬㲻Ȼ
òڲҵİɣ
ңţֿơ
ƣ˵ֻĺӣô󣡡
ЦЦƭģѵĺӡ
ң˵ֱɨͳࡣ
ҲȾܣΣȻǳѹġ
ƤƤ
Ժһ׷һ಻ǰһ£ңһɨβͳƨϣʱӴ
㣬ҴˣҴˣⲻǸ㿪ССЦ𣡡
ܿЦҲ㱻ų
ò׵ң׷˻СЦ
кģǼҼס죬Ҳʮʮɡ
ңüأ
ࣺʱҲţⲻǼҰһ¡
ңúķˣȥһˣ˵޼ҿɹģ˶һ٣ǮŰߣֲѵˣ
Ծǰûӣæ˷ţʴϡ
˵˵
ңȴûаͣļơ
ںˣˣȻСǲؤŶթٴոð
̿
ݺݵһۡ
٣֣֤治ǣ
ңȴһףƣΣ˳£˵죬̸ãÿζãҸ˵⺢ӣǼְһ£Լƹ񣬻չˣ
Խ˵Խ
ƺŵ治ҳ
಻ò˵һʵ
⺢һλѵĺӣ趼ˣһλ׹ùãλѣҲţչһ׵˼֮ǰǾչ
ңŰɣơ
˵ģ
˸˵˭׵ܵܣ˵ţ˵Ͳš
ҺĻеġ
ԣλǽܺãǰصؽиǣǰһ˼ҵģѾɫˣ˵ϲСӣŰǲ㣬סҲǿԵġ
ңתΪϲ˵ҪѵĺӣȻҪæģ⺢ҲǿСС;û˸ĸü۵ǳúÿ
ࣺһʼƤûߣС˰ɡ
ԩ˵ֲţ
ңȻ˵ĻҰ䶼ţҺжڣȻɾʹˡ
к˱ˣһѪ̲ס·˪
ƫɣ챻˻Ǯ
ңԥҲȱ˺ã
ࣺ
ƾţٲ˳ëܻڵ
ǿ౻תһͦ˼СȤ
лҪ˵εΣճѾϣѼ




74 
ůͷ, 㺮, ʺϴС
дһƪ巨ζԱȵġ
ռˣʣ¾ǽԺ伯˳
дһ, ̺, ˡ
һ, еʱɢƻ, ޲ϰϡ
ȥ
̧ͷ, ʱ
ſ˯ذͷŸ첲΢΢, ſһ, ʱ¿ˮ, Ҳ֪μʲôƿʱǻ¶صЦݣ·û, Ǯ˯
̾˿, ߵԱ, 档
ơ
ûӦ

Ժӱǻ﷢磬ƣ˯
ƸߣøдԵɤڣ黰
췢нˡ
ţţ
ӽϢӦ, ˴롣
͵̧ͷֱΪʱһƣʱɵ죬۵һ
ʲôˣ
ƣûµнˡ
ãȻҵأ
һ㻹û˯ѵı飺㲻Ǹù
ʽְоֹÿ¹̶нУȴһѧУڵְҲǿ˫ݹʡ
ƲҵļݹнѾ㹻Ϻú
϶ԣҪ׾ˡ
װǵǱǮƻΪԼƽ֣˭֪һëǮûɴ˺űչ˵ҪȺĳ֮ٸ¼СӣҲΪ붹һЩϰּۻۡ
ҵнûؼңͱҽǹˣûˡ
ִ˸ǷŨأҡҡ׹ۿҪٴ档
Ƽʱקס
ȥšͳһ󡣡Լ֧䡣
칫°
żֵ¶ǿͷŬڱĳϣֻддͣͣۿʱȥСʱľҲˡ
оֱֺߣ;̣һƬ̹飬ĥ˽һСʱҲ漣
ǰ;ʲô⡣
Ƽ·ŮѧסΣһѧ׷ʦ󰮵ĵʱߵһԼĪȥﶼϸղߵŮˣҪװҲˣײСģǿɾ͹һˡ
ȻﲻѧУŮѧʱӦҲϿΡ
Լٲȥһ¾ͳ鲻Ǹˡ
ڸ̵Сġ
˹٩ɽĴ˹а
ûҲһĴСʱģ߽˲֪ڸԷۡ
һйżͭӶСҲôǮʮУ˼һУ˼ֻͰУ˾Ϲ٩
Ҳϸ˵ģǴӹֵ٩̲ݹ˾᲻Ǽۣ԰̶ļ۸ɽ
̾Ϊֹ
һʮ̣Ȼ鲻ô࣬ÿȥ̣һ㶼ֱӸһʮܶǮÿܣֱʡʱʡʡǮ
ǡ
еˡ
ôѧڣоֹʣȻ䵽ȥͷ˼ּۻۡ
ƿȥˣֱȥļ
ֺ̡
קңȻ˭
Ťͷˡ
ջ񲻴
ƤЦⲻЦ
ɣɣ
˸ְߡС׬һʣ軨׷Էߣ
ƣһҵǮܳʲô
ࣺǿɾͶˣǴүʮָմˮЩ֪¥˵̯꣬ЩǼǮܳԱҵȷʡŵãҲ֪нշͱҽûˣʣЩȻҪڼԼ
ƾãڼԼ㻵£ڼҾȷͬңһǮǮϽҲһȻʵϤϽ㲻ķϣҲͲ²ˡ
˭֪һ·Уڵ棬±׷ڲֽβһСꡣ
īڣӬɣƶСĵһӡ
ҲΨһһӡ
ﻷǲ˵㣬ζҲĺãϻػƾֳСӵĴӵھӱҴҲǺһģһ飬˼һԣ»ػҴ˵Ҫȥܸȫҡ
޿̣ੲݡ
Ե˹ݣ͡
Ĵָ
٣Ǹүǣˬ죡
ƾѹҲûԹѾеʵˣֻ뾡뿪⴦˲ʵĵط
һֻͷӬƱǼƮӵУֱɫְ֡
קͷҲأǣĶӡ
΢΢ĨƽƲסĻȣάһ޹Īԡ
ֿ԰׳԰׺Ȳһٴˡ
ڵ˹緹ȻǴ͡
Ϻ֪һܼ̾ݲĲ˹ݣȻѰҲԲ¹ͷͷǴԹ󣬶ҵĺ˹ء
˴ʱʳһݺoܲ˿ֱһٷˣٷʢЩ޷Ƕ𣬵Ұĳʦʵѷڵ˹ݵʦ
豥㣬಻֮ӵĽ
Ǻӽˣ
Ƶڷ򸾴ģŽϵɷ̤࣬ҲǼˣ𽥿ʣҲϽˣ˵Щ򵥵ˡ
ཫĴؼס֮û죬ƾ͸ϵˡ
ϷʹʧŮδɫӣһ£Ե֣ʱԵδͲô˼ƱΪĳĬԣϷһ̫⣬˭֪ڼ޼˺ģϲòˣӦȺʮ֮ٸ֪ʵϣԼĲĻغա
ƺദ֮󣬼ûԷУ֮ͬʽԴ˳ģҲʽΪҵһӡ
ȻװﹲھӦþʹ˸һ䣬ҲѱѰ׷ף⺢ӸοüĿװЩƣͬĸյԭ򡣡Ƶ
ࣺףͷ˵ҵ˽ӣ˳ڵ˶ɡ
Ƴ˳ǣ˵ʲôɱɱ磬־ˣԼίʵûбҪŵļһһƽϡ
˾ȥѧУ£Ҳ͸˳糵
лؼңƴһѧУٴ˳糵ؼҡ
ֻյѧУƾյʵԱż
ǴӶġ
죬ϡ
ֻƼŷϵļ֣ûٴսǰʳȥһȦϼòŮѧ˺һȥ˼ֱɫڣŻƻ
ѧУ칫ǿʽģϵＸλڹһоǱߣ൥İ칫
ĿͣҪȻҲ˴һƬЩŷѧĽſڱտЧƶȣбȫ̷񶨣ҲͲƵİ칫֡
Щ˶ƿͿȴδذ
ѽдòˣҲûӰ˼ͰͷֽϤ롣
߰ɣȥҼҳԡ
ѵڣȥԷе֡
㲻д
ƣˣȻȥ˵
ֱıǰյйء
û˵Ҳûʡ
ȻкģȴԵ޹鷳
ȻصңͿæͣ¥ϴ˺ü绰û¥ԣϹܼҴִߣò˶¥
ֱʳ꣬׼˾ԼȥƲŴ¥
ȱߡƵ׼ȥһ˶ͳ
ࣺʲô𣿡
ƣ幫ȥˡ
ࣺأ
Ƶͷ
ƵĸչأȴǺˣˣ˴գ϶УҲٿԪѫ󳼣ȵȡ
ʱףٷļҲûʱ帲֮󣬸ԷңΪ򷽱£׷׸˺գؼҾ֮һ
ԴʱֱãؼҾټҴӱǨִǨϼҷ죬Ӵ˾ڷ춨ƵĸţҲûϵżҲǾþһ⣬ԷЩ߻Щл񣬽ģżŶˣĸʱǱ˶ûһţ˵ǹؼ̫үҲ첻ˣಡ齣Ϊ̿ɥвٰ졣
ڹؼȴŹ˵ĸ׵ľ˸ȥ˹ȥ䡣
ô˵Һ͹ؼҵĹϵ̫ã
գ˽ۡ
Ƶûкùؼԭĸ˻ԼģԷǰ壬ĸ⣬лڻ飬޸ȸΪ£һһ󡣡
޵ȲĸŮкܣŮ֮
ƺһۣ˵
ҹϵ䵭Ҳ֮Уλ幫ǷؼĳˣҲǹؼҵڣ˵ؼǨӷ죬µľ
๰֣ˣҪȥ䣬ףһ·˳ƽƽӰͷϣʱ磬ҾͲ߶ˣʹ˱
һǳɣߡ
һȥ

ͣͷһࡣ
˰ɣǧģ𳵶ü켸ҹǱ߻ձ˵ĵ̣˵¶ڣ˵ˣСӹǣһܴܣʵڲ˳;氡
ƣؼҼҴҵҷҵ˵Ǵ˶ͭǮֱõĽҶҶӣСÿټӲ߰˵ˣһŴŷȥ
໻˸ЦСǰ
ȣȥĶԸһͺˣСһǰǧ棡
лҪ˵εΣĸҹʹǺѼ~




75 
, ˵, ؼҵĸܱǼҴĻҪú𣿡
һ¶˵ļ, Իů,
ȻѾ, ҹδȥʺڷһڵ
Ȼ, Ҳһ˼ܵĸ, Ѱ˼в⣬ѳƵϷʢˡ
, Ƴǡ
ǿɲ, ʮ, ʮվڻֽ߾żζˡ
һЦһشԵ÷ܣⲻǻʵýⵣʽĴ⣬Ͼ˼ͬůϺǧ켸ҹĻ, շתȥ쿴ձ˵ɫ, ôҲøҵ, ˵ǲ
û취
ôҶҶӻģ˵ɽɽҲš
ӱǼ⣺ɽɽҲͲָˣϻҴԬݵ²ֿ˳Ǽ㣬ûȾû, СĵλҲȥҪֻؾнҶҶӣҲԸźá
ЦЦ໹Ǽء
ϻزǸ˵ˣȥͨϵȻô
仰һٸš
Ƶͣൽо֣һ仰£ǼС㶥ҵĴڣһС㣬ҲҲ·
˵ˣ᲻ǼС㡣
ÿÿʹĲѣֻȡᣬͶǵĿ涼Ҫᣬֱɥ

໹ǳǣ֡
лٵĴ£ⱲţҲˡ
ԸɴͲˣ̵ģ
Ҫ̣г̹ϵģ극лؼʰҲø֪һһȥʮ»زͽǼ˵ġ
׼¥飬Ծ˾ȥ
ǰ쳣ůͻȻתȻһ꣬СˮٽǶ·ʪŢ˾ͣԼлȥɡ
·ס£졣
ǰҵӣսȥû߼͵ˡ
ƹңңų·Ħ
ΪҵĳʶŤͷת
û̧ۣۻƬ̣ܿ峵ƺ롣
İĳƺš
ӻͣ£ȴûйص
ƹֱ࣬ó˽ȴ޷࿴峵Ǳߵ״
һֺʧΪЩݵλϸΪ룬ΪȻ
һһˡ
г̷ƤЬܽ
һͲµġ
վû
鷳ȥ
߹
࣬𣿡
ףǡ
˰һ
Ǽȥ˵仰Ʋ
Ϳûתء
һЦˡ
ƣ²ֹǹȥ˵仰ô򵥣ҪͰɣ
˲һĬϵӵ̬ȡ
˼ҸŻȥҹûʱȥң뵽оңŶˣ˵ԤԼ
ɵ˵գתҪߣǰһᣬǰ
ϲ˼
Цˣ˼Ҳϲǿȡ
·ߣԷٿֱקֱۣ
磬硣
ӵļƣҲڱصõļơ
ΪԼһֳȥʮþȣһСȻڻ¡
˭֪ǵģܿץס˵ĸ첲ֱǧĹƵõʱĺü
˼Ʋץ˰ǹͳˣ|ţ̧׼ķ
һ룬ǹסˡ
һֱֻۺ˵ĲһֻץסֱšʱͿɽ˻еļƣԼǰ
ϱ黹һνüһˮ
ԿǹֻҪ㲻ںͬ㣬һ㿪ǹ֮ľ룬ȫӵù֮ǰҲŵ֮ǰק㲻ͬھҲܾˡҪǲںԼСӵİΣһԡ
ǹߴδ˼εĳ棬һʱ֪Ǻãʶתͷ
һˡ
װģͲϣԼĪС֮䣬ڳǰƵԵʣĿЩģ
֪˲˵ϻġ
еʶ
佱ֻûʲô⡣
ʹ෴ӦʱڱЮ֣˵̬Ҳûжı䡣
ƺԼҲãҲã˿ʱ˾Сˡ
û˵
ڵȶԷڡ
˵һ಻Ҳûз˵˼еգȿڡ

໹ûӦ
ס
ƣСá
ü
ԭСֳкιɣ
ãЩҪ㡣
ࣺǸС㲻죬Ҵˡ
ԴϻסԺƹ̽һ֮˾Ҳû档
Ĳƣϲ࣬մС־޲ԴΪͷС㿴Сӣ˵¼ޣ֮Щȫ伣ûгֹʱ֪϶ҷЩϢˡ
֮ಢδСйصϢС㣬ƺͻȻ͵
ûҴˣ˵ز˵ĵطһˣϸ˵
ʹⱣֻòӲ
еЦ
ȴڳһʢ˵Ŀǡ
Сֻм֮ԵǧСƢ˵ʲôŶж٣رֺαΪСأ
㲻ģȥ̸˵ߣͣҲɧļˡ
ࣺһͳֲҪǹָң˵ίʵ޷ҷģҼ˶Ǳֵͨ񣬵ʱҪʲôҲ޷ǣ
ŭ

̸ࣺˣ²˵
Ū࣬δӲ¶ԷǸɫĴŮҲ޷ܣο಻ǡ
סԷ˺ü롣
޶ԣЦһ¡
ֻʾ°ǹǰ
ҼСó˵£ֻܹʧ֮¡
˶٣ѹ
ʧˡ
ţ
ѾŲµˣصܻԳѰ飬ֹغƣô䲻
ǰ죬Ӱٻ¥֮󣬾ûؼңҲˣŷʧˡ
ࣺСʲô𣿡
ûСɫµôӳ飬֪ǾʶԲѰʲôҲ֪ǰƻԬҵİӣְСԸҲ֧ϣ㾡ҵ⡣
ᵽǮֱҲָ֮ǰ
Ϊ϶Ӧ
ԡ
࿴룬ҡҡͷ
Сʧ٣ҳ߰ɣ
ɫʱѿ
һ˲䣬һ̧־ͻǹ³Լǹ
лҪ˵εΣĸѾʹµһָո~~
ĩ죬99




76 
лҪ˵£һǧңͲؿһˣ㿪¿ҲظշѣǸ϶ߵĸٿ =33=
ûֻ̧֡
ǰ, пô, Ѿ֪಻ʡ͵ĵơ
ˣһֱֻ۹סв
Ƽ, Էʲô, δ֪
ûʵû̸мֵ, һӵӦʵҲ˼ԶԷĶλ
ȻѾµ, ҲͲ, СȻ˵ҲǸ, һ֮, ˵ү, Ҳһʲô£Իæ
ˣǿŵΡ
ֻﻹץҵˣ˷Ŷ, , ⷬԵЩ
ࣺ, ҴˡС㽻࣬ҳѰĹעЩ֡ϻסԺС㿴̽ңʱͶ˵һ¡
׷ʣ£
ࣺ˵, ϲһи֮˽ԷУ¶ַ֮Բƣ˵վҪ˽Զ߸߷ɣԼ
˵˵
ࣺǲǺ˵ӦñһΪʲôϣСſڲˣҸһ֧裬ֻǶðɣҲºһʹС㣬Ҳ϶˵ϲң˵ὲһ顣ǿ϶Ҳѵң԰ɣ
ûлش𣬵粻ɫѾ˵˴𰸡
Цһ¡
ǵ֮ҲһֻһвССѪǿҵѵ֮пܰҲȥˣͶɾ裬˭֪ǳˡ

ղŵȷɱġ
Ҹ˽ϢȥҶɨأûӰ죬ƵĻ¿϶ҲǲˣǱ˿ܻûüԶ֮ʣ˸ץ˭֪ҷҹûҼƸĽŲͶҽѯʡ
û뵽õûʳԷ׳ࡣ
ܿ췢֣ʹɱҲûãҳߵϢҲܣС׷٣ƵδҳҲֶᷢߣ񾡿ӰʧҪġ
ǸˣȻƲЩ˵ʲô취ҵˡ
ͨһ֮ڳ׷ͨöԷĴ㡣
˼ղʧˣ䲻δ⽹ǣ£㲻ǵãȥо֣ݷ֪񣿡
Ҫͬʮ²ܻߵӣڻվҼ档
˼Ƭ̣ʹʹӦˡ
ɿһֱǯסӵҴ֡
ԷʱǰûԵ
ˣÿһۣתϳ
Сûæŷǳǹϳ֮ûһ³࣬˫ַһŷ⡣
ҼүԷ֮бǸǰССɾ⣬¡
ӺŷװǮӦò٣˵Ҳмˡ
ЦЦûи
ǾͰҶлүˣÿﶼô˼Ҳ´ʧ񼸻ء
ԷһЦæسϡ
Ŀ£Ӻܿͷ뿪һȥء
ң˵ҪƳԶţȻʲôɶûУҪƵĻ±ţ߶඼ЩܲˣŽ˯ӹһ١
һ磬컹û͸Ͻʰţֱ߶һͨ
ƶһȳᡣ
һȳĺͨҲͬϾ۸ĳƱҲһ㣬ʻȵģһӦȱ
δһȳĻ𳵣εմ˹⡣
Ǹϲٵˣñ໹Ҫ硣
ִʱƼͬȿȡ
һ˵ûƱˣȻ˺ңѲү
Ȼſȣɫȴôɿ죬ڿʱֱͦ
첽߹ȥڶԷ˵֮ǰȿڡ
һСϻģϣܶа
ӿڴκС
üͷ򿪣΢΢ɫ
ͷһöʯָ
ʣС͹â˸̶ֵƣҲα졣
Сϴ̽ʱöָʱҲԣ´μٻû뵽һֱû赹ԡȻָӸ鲻ѶƲϵˣضԼĻºǿܡ
ɫְףࡣ
ʧ֮󣬶ָҲ֮ұѰȴû뵽ȻӸࡣ
Ҫ֪öָļֵһ
˵λУҪȥ
ƣС飬Һźףսһڸϳˣˡ㣬ǡ
ȵȣǰһ
ƣֱȶҪһЩ
м£λæ
û˵ͷܾ֮ʮԡ
Цӣʱ䣬ֻһСæᵢµġ
ƣ˵ɡ
֪ɱΣ˳嶯´£λȥ;мĻ˺ȰͷסȻ֪ͨǣڷе⣬ɳֽѺ
ƳҲѳ꣬ȨԼǲִ¿̫ܲ׵֪٣ǿԵġ
Ǿ̫лˣȰҵĵ̵ַдǣҪʱǰһƹдλģ
ûзԣϽֽдµַֽƬݸԷ
ΪǣͿϳɵ٩ҹүίʵ̫һ
Ƶ£ƺûô򵥡
൧ȥ·ϵĻҳģȴˡ
˽Ǹˣһȥ˶
ƣ
ࣺ£ǹܲܣˣҪ֪ͨ
һۣϳ
˵ô˵
֪ˣЩһʵһӻˮһ
ʱӦ֪Сʧû̫ϵ಻ʧٺ󣬻ɴϺ°ࡣ
ȻˣĴɢѰƵ仹һصظϹڻվΪ˵ǵ޹ؽҪͰ˳ˣ
˽һֹķӦһ֪Щʲôȴֲ˵¹棬˸ǽǳ
ôֻһ͡
֪ƴȥ幫ɥƺܿҲǳŶȥھڷ졣
Ϻһߺ˵ϻ뿪ƬԶͲܴˣеȻҲҪ͵Ϊǵطĸӳ̶ȣԶԶϺ
߼ӣά΢ƽ⣬ڶĴ͸˷֮£зӿҲֻȻС
Ȼƿ϶Ҳ
벻ôһ˵ƣ߻ʵԶԷҲһԸǻȥ
࿴Сúܣ˷˽ıѾãϣѾ⣬ĽܱۣԸ¼ֻ뿪ģضҲѰ
Ҳʡ͵ĵƣСǣţͦ뿴С㵽ʲôɱ𽿵εϲ˵ǧС㣬ͳëˡ
׿Сϵó
ʱ´Ϻ죬ûֱ𳵵ģֻɻ·ϺϾٴϾֶɺ糤գڳһߵĽ·ϳֿڳг򵽷졣
;ۣѰڱѧ鹤ϷĻôؼҵһˣ͵·̣һЩϵͨ𳵣ֻܳ˴·
ڴ֮أҲֲʱĻү˶һȳᣬȻζʱƵܡ
һȳﲻжͻױңλҲǺɫ棬ΧһȦͬпڳ̸ողժʻͷڳˣƤһأͽ𴦵⣬żĻ㡣
ڲȻҲ뱸ƾȫܱͨȵϵġ
˵ȳԶĥôһȳᣬܰˡ
ο໨ĻԼǮһ·԰ȣȫ
һ·ϺϾٴϾǰһ·ϾûͣڳҪôȥҪôȥױҹ䣬гԱĺģΪͷһ𳵣ĳ䡣
ҲƵĺģ»ᱻһЩӣϣȴ˽סҪȥ
֮䣬˲ͬ
Ǳпλ羰ҲãҪǱҸһȹȥ
гԱϸཨ飬ǵЦݾûʧ¸˵ꡣ
Ƶͷ飬ʴô࣬ȥĴڣֻҪԼ
гԱ˵λãʵԭȵλҲû̫𣬴羰ҲҲ˸򣬸еҰɽ֣һ١
·ķ羰ڴϺϾһ·Ѿ˲٣Ҫ仯Ӧǹ˻ƺ֮Ҳ·һЩطʱңңɽİѩ
ûоܾгԱĺ⣬ѡ£һݺõĿȣ׼Ŀ
һͻأ
Ȼѣ
о֮⣬ëȻ
֮ڣ͵ѭͷ
һȳĻױﴫģ
гԱӲͰǶ˷ǻ·ϣ뻯ױ֮ңֱŵ﷽Ҳһϣɢ


77 
ʱصһСʱ֮ǰ
˳ι۹ױ, ˰Сʱ, һȳŮʿȥױҲױ
Լ̫æϷ۵׿ܻδ, ·ƵƵ, ǰŸմϾϳ, ͬеӶ˷źͳױȥ
˱ץסŰѡ
ǻϸۡ
Է˵ױҸոһվù, 滹ҪɨƬ, ŮʿԵȼӣٽʹ, ˵ɨѾͽ˻ױ, ְŹϡ
Ůʿֻ۷λ, ȥûеͷ̬Ϊư, ־ˬ, ̲סԷ۷̬ȵ˼, ױȥ
ʱգᣬų𱰣˵ȥȥģ, һȳгԱ˿ͱվȳĳ˿ȫûȷֻܿԼͼǡ
ŮʿȾ۶ѵϧŶԷͷûܿģŮʿͶȥˡ
ŮʿױʱڵģѾˣȡ֮һŮ˱ſڻױǰС
Ůʿһ۾ƳŮϸѼȲҲ壬ϢҲڴ³һȳĳ˿ָͣȳƱͨʲôûױռ˵ġ
ǳ⡣
㲻ҪϢŵ˵ģ
Է˯ֻ̫߲Ůʿһδ
ŮʿԽ̲סǰһѡ
Էǲ
˵ûУ
ŮʿԸֱǰס˼ҵͷ
̾İ볤ͷһ±Ƭ

Ůʿþļ쳹һȳᡣ
಻ǵһϵױҵˡ
Ȼλ뻯ױҲԶбֵģڼէ֮ʱѾһʱյױſڡ
ſڱˮйͨ˶Ƽ̱ڵϵŮʿ
ԼŮʿץһѼٷ
УſڻױǰɶҲˡ
ŮʿΪԼ˼ͷƤץʵץµֻһٷ
ٷ棬ԴͷͣȻǸˡ
ȴŮȹӣô󶯾£˯ɵӶˡ
Ůʿŵɫɷףɪɪŵļٷ˶Ҫ˵ǰ쿴ˡ
һλӴг˿ȥ̽˵ıϢ
ˣ
̶֣Χ˺һ˿Χĺ߲㱻һССɧҡ
ոոݷǵгԱᣬò״ͨϵŪ£û죬̯ȱʣԴͨҲδ˵װİ
׳ǰ
ƿ
ãǾ죬ǽȥ
гԱͷ
˵ǸƯˣո׼ѷ͹ȥ
û뵽˹˹ģִűװǸ졣
ףף
֪˭һߺһֽקס
ˣȥûͣ⻹ҪĶ˭
гԱײײ˳ȺҲ֪˭㱨ȥֻôվš
ȴѾǸȥԡ
ȷģŮʿ
Ůʿǵͷ
Ǹۣ϶ɱˣ
ûϸʣһһʮѸղŷ鶼˵˸š
պۣǱšϣɱɡ
ȹӴٷȹӷǵҿӶûۺã˿Ҳˣٷһ£Ĵţ˵𳵣涼Ŀ
ոշʬȻɲҲʬˡ
ԶԣŮʿعæϵļٷӵղȥץͷʱûͷˣ
Ǿֻһԣ磬֮ű˻ϵģָ·ĿģΪ˾ӱ˷ʬʱ䣬ΪԼȡߵĹ
ǰվʲôʱ򣿡ѯʴΧгԱ
ߵǰǰվ磡
ϾԼСʱĳ̣л𳵸ոտ֮һ·̣Զδվ㣬Ҳÿ˵ͻȻֳͣҲֻܰ鱨ȥȵվٴ
ݣѶļгԱ۰æɢȺָ򣬽Ůʿȥ
·ǱʱûģȻܻʲô
ΨһŮʿո˵Ǹۡ
۲֣ô߿϶뿪֮ģ͸Ůʿһֳ
Ȼ뵽һȥˡ
𳵸տûãҾȥĴױҲȥˣʱûˣžһСʱ֮ǰ˰СʱŮʿҲۣ۲̫òкûУǵŮʿܲˣ԰СʱԽԽܵױۣߡ
Ҳ˵мֻж̶̰СʱҪɱٸ߻·뿪Ǻִܲٵ飬ʵ֡ǡ
ƵͷŮʿ۵ʱ򣬽վſڣţûг￴֪ûˣ˵ۿ۴ӱǴģҲ˵ʱѾˣܿҲڡ
ࣺߺİСʱ߱ɱŮʿ۵ʱ򣬶ԷҪȥڸװֳʱˡ
ƣۿ֣ܲһǰס
гԱԱѾԺˡ
λ٣ڵô죡
ˣָߵˣԭ·ںܾܿʹڱϣҳߴڿǸҲ֣
лҪ˵ps¹гԱԱϵгԱӦûΪԡ
ȻֹҲдúò񫣬Ķ࣬컹Լҽ첻뱣֤ʲôˣд =333=




78 
гڼǰ
˵Ϣܿ촫˿ȥ, ߰ĵĿֻš
˿۷׷, ·־Լԣһȳĳ˿ʹ, Ҫͣ, ³Ҳ˵˵, ͣ£ºײ, ǰվ, Ŵģȥ
гԱ޿κ, ֻþһȳĳ˿, ͷ˭վ, ³״Ƕǲ
ˣôңһȳĿֵǲϵģ
߰æгԱ޴룬, ȫϣǰϡ
Сֵôƺ
ٻҰƱɣ
ĺɫܳ, æ
, ֵܣͷڴȥڶᣬ˳ڶͨһ͵ŹϣҪͨС
ƲԣΪβ᣿˸ӣֿҲ
һߣһ߸͡
ڳƶ, ɱ˵Ĳ֣аסǵڶĳ˿ͣǹΪڶһĻױҺܽҲпӿ꣬ǵĳ˿ּͣҪҲ鷳пܶȥᣬһϤгۣӦóڵڶɻġڰڳ֮ͨüûɱˣʮСѡϤĵطأóȻȥİĵᡣ
ƶǶֻԷ˵ЩԼһʱ֮仹δס
ǰǵڶᣬλˣȥغͨ
ڶҲӣȵúܶࡣ
ģӽЩģҷЩˣѡϲ㣬ĵڶᡣ
ʱǷ㣬ʳζһζĶҲѷɫࡣ
ȳĳ˿ʹһòͣһǰ˵Ϣ
࣬ԶﴫҥԳʲԴȳʱѾҪԱǧ𣬻ǱɱڻƣЦԷǡ
վڿŵĿλ۲ÿһȥȥۡ
æرΪλ˿Ͳͣȳʳ䲻һȳᣬҲȷȲˣ䷢֮󣬲ʳвͣʦջͦ
ҲԱ߿
ֻȥ˭ɣ־˭ûɡ
٣ۣ᲻ȥˡ
û꣬ƾͼָŲԶһ˵ʶ𣿡
ƶһͷͳϵĶ
ģ˺ʮû˵ô˲ԣ
Ƴȥûʮʲôס
࿴ʮ⡣
Ѿͬݲ˵λˣ󻻵ңһٻҡ
ظЧĶ˵Ĳɣ˼
ææµµȥͲͣһ·СܣúܣΪиµĿˣʳʱĬ۲㣬Ҳ˵Ǯ۵Сѡ
Ȼĳ˿ͺ٣󲿷˻ǺܰϧǮģҲûһصעǸһ͵Ǳ˿״ȥݲ¾ͱҪˡ
߹ȥĺ硣
Էһ
̫ţƶ׵ˡ
λǰһ£ǰקסĸ첲
㷽ǲȥһȳĻױң
ûȥһֱʮҡҡͷæϡ
մʲôʡ
ʮͷԼӡ
ΪɻȾһȦϴںڣûʲôر֮
֮⣬еĺɫѪŮ˵֬
ָԽƮƮʮϵĻ֮ɫԽŨ
ҲС֭ģϴʲô֬
𣿡
ز
ҶŮ֬Ϥˣţ֪û˵ˡ
ɵĵЦûʮ¶衣
ʮҪˣȴס
˵ƿתҪܣȴܿһץסĺ졣
䣬ͳ챻ǰ棬Ӷһء
˿Ǳˣ׷ѭ
ʮֽŲȴֱΰס
ǰ
ܿ˷֡
ʲô
ʮµĿڴҵһŵĽ𲭡
滹оȻƹ谵һʱ֮俴̺ʣҲӦóϵĶ
ϵõģɱģ
ңңֻǰæʬ壡˲ɱģ
ʮ˵Ȼ
ʣ˭ɱģ
ʮ¶ңҡҲ֪
ࣺ㲻֪֣վ֮ǻὫͬｻؾֽ֣֮ززܿҪǹУֵ𣿡
ʮſ治֪ȥˣϻ֮ǰ˵õģɱˣҰæڸʱ䣬ֻҪ˻𳵣Ҳж˲»ϼң
ࣺڻ𳵻ûվָüϸ룬˿ܲڻĸط
ʮŴ
벻ףԼǶ̰ӦƼˮһæôͱɱӷ
ͷĵƻεΣþ
µĻ𳵺¡𶯣ľҲ̹ҲոǾʬڵϵĸоһ
ͷһ˸ս
Ӧڵȥˣ
ǹȥҲлĻᣡ
ʮϾˣǶѵϾġ
Ͼ䲻ϺϾ׸ͨ˴ҷݲҲףʮշת˼֮󣬲ŻڻϴӵĲ¡
ϳԿ࣬˵ٹ꣬˵ϳףҲгԱ
ĻܱÿͣҪãԾòٿ࣬ÿÿҧ£ҹ
ֱǰǰϾгϣʶһжҵ硣
ʮ˿ΪʱΧһȥͻˣҸԼʵڵһ׮һ׮һֻҪ׮Ӵ֮ңٿɫӣ㲻ܴ󸻴󣬻ϼüĶȢϱҲ⡣
ʮˣһֻž
˵׮ɱ
˸ҪɱһˣϾгϡ
Я޲ƣɱ˻˳ٲƣֻҪʱ䣬˻𳵣ʧӰ٣ͬ룬ҲҲ
СʮҪȴѾڶҵ£Ӧﶷֳʬ壬ʱ䣬ϵĲһЩ°뱲ʳǡ
ȥȳ·ϣʮͰͣǰһ
Żԭ硣
»಻ӰҪǽһҵ𰸡
ӣϢơ
ȳ˵Ӿ
ﲢİΪǰҲԼûʱȻ֮ⲻ˻ʣ־
ʮ۾ɨȥֻ˶ңֱ治
ԭȴʲô·ǵò
ఴסļ
ҪţֻҪҳǾͻΪ㵣ˣһǮ㲻ٸֻϵĿۡ
˵գ೯֡
ƣ
ƤЦ٣һ¡
üӿڴǮ
룬ģ˾䣺ҽ裬ʲôʱ򻹣
ϧһ󣬶ǰֻۣ
Ȼٺܵ˵˵
ùʮ
ţǮԷŴ˰ɣ
ʮýһҧˣȲˣ˵Ҳˡ
λ٣Ҽǵ⶷ҵκܰСװϸֱпź룬رۣ˳ңҳģ
ʮһ˵ĵڣڴĽ𲭣˳óƬڵƹ³һۡ
ľƺ֣ͼ
ϸ·ǲġ
һ
ʮЩ𲭣϶ΪʲôΪЩ𲭱ʵأôһ𲭣۳ɽԪӦҲһСˡ
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79 
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Щ, Ҳǵᡣ
һЩµ, ΪʡǮҲɳᡣ
˿ûõī
ͻ, ǧ̽׵, гԶε, ȫڻ˵ĳ棬ȥ, ȫһɫĻҺɫ, дģҲ⳾Ⱦ, ʱ, ϶ƣ, һȳĳ˿¡
ɫеƣҲҡҡλ, ƻ, Ƶýϵú͵ƺֵͲ߸߾, ǿÿһų˿͵
Щڴ˯ƹѣϲʹ죬ۿҪƢһϵĴ磬ֶʱ, 㬷˸˯
Ϊ񰢲гԱԵĳ˿ûʲôǳˣ˿ǱŶһ²һµ뷨ܲǾͲǡ
ʮѺţʵʵߡ
٣ûҡ
ƶʮüĿٺûˣװĶǻòƭǰɣ
ʮɥٳʮҲ˵ѰҸβʱͰѽ𲭸ң˶Թ壬Ҳ˵ģ
ȥ濴
л𳵵ڣ˳·װЩģһ˸ߵľ䶩ãдţϾ
ͷЩʲôഩмĹͷʮ
˵װĶǷţϾųȥ۵ģվͻ˽ӣϢͨһСƬ̶ܣӦòɣʮԥ
ڳûеƣԶȵỹҪƣһڿڴںڰޣֵͲú͵ƽֻܿǵһǡ
ڹ͸δ֪ܲӰϺ¡ʻĶһ㣬ƾ硣
ƵСǰ棬Ǿï}ˡ
Ϸɿ쵹˵ĵż֣½űߺӰӣ̲סͷȥ
ԽԽЩӰƮƺԼʶǰӵĳû֮һ±ÿտ塣
ƵĿȻס
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Լˣ̧۾ȥ
Ӱûˡ
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һѺʮһ
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֮ͺˡ
ڰƿǿʱһֺֻȻϽȥ

ȣ;ͱסź󱳴һĵۣ
һذףӺֱǰء
һ
Ƶûܻͷһۣɱˣģ
ֻҪͷܿһСɱˣվ棬ͷץŰѪܵĵ
ƱıĶ𳵷ɳ۵ڸǣԾɲס
ƣ
ȴûеõӦ
̧ۡ
谵УʶҲ˽һǶǵΪȥҪʮƸȴѡ߹ȥ
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Ǽҵֵġ
˸ͷ䰫Ѹ磬ҪǹΪĶذǹҪ죬ڽʱǹò󣬶ȴ˷ʤ
ʮʼеԼйˡ
ԶԷĺǲܰƷԼ˵Ҳѡ
һ߽ӡ
ӺĶңͬĶذ
ֻҪǰһͿѸײڶ֮ƳУѶԷֱͱ
ƫƫվסˡ
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Ұѡ
Ҳ֣ѵԼԱ߶లһ˫۾
ŲֹͣˣҲ
䣬Դǰ
Ȼ䣬һ˿ΣյľʶŤͷ
˰벽
ҺױӲﶥס
𶯡
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ΪҪԼʵڽ𲭲ĵϢԴ
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ǧһƷǵûоǹǹҲˡӭŶҵذ
ʱǹˡ
ӵһߡ
ҲҽһӦذ˳Ʊƶߣǹ죬Ѹǹ
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ֱ
ȥ쿴ƵΣƬ֮ҡҡͷ
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ѳһú񲼰鱾֮⣬мһЩǮһذףһ񵯡
ƽһ򿪡
ƬɫıƬӳ
ƴСȥЩ
ǽ
ʲô

൱Ƚгͷ
ָ
һϸ͵ڱһƬϡ
񾭣
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Щģ
ҧز˵

һ룬ֱӲȲǹϡ
һܽɱˣĺˣûбҪʩκʴȡ
ֵܣٲ˵ȿ¾ҪˣҪˣǾ͸³˸ҸͽȥˣҲ·
ұ˱ۡ
ҴӣǸŵõģ
ŵ˭ڻױɱˣ

ô֪ЩЩʲô
ԭǵ̳ȶ˾Ͱ꣬һͬ鴵꣬˵ԼԩͷвٺöϺü󷿣뱲ӶԺȣѶƹͳ׷ˣҵʱＱǮˡ
ҵԽԽͣһţԷʹһ£
뿪֮Ҿһ·ӷ쵽ִӱϾ˲ˣΪ˶ı߻ˣûҵ֣뵽ϣȻ͡ǿˣ
ࣺЩǴģŵ˵ûУ
Ҵ˵Ҽǲˣǡչءˣչأؼң˶֪ǸؼңǼҶүء֮Ǵϱģ˵չصģϲֲʶһ˵͵ˣѾ
ǵãҪȥĿĵأҲǷ졣
ɲɣƵ幫Ҳչء
ƶ΢΢ͷ
ȻǸؼҡ
ô˵ŵĳƵĶȡһױתֵת챦ĶҰɱᱦұŻף³֮֮زز˭֪ǣתתħһֻص˹ؼ
ˣŵĻ˵˵˵ڹؼҳ˱ʣﶯԭڹ̫үıųǳûͼչĺûᣬؼҼҵ׷񣬼ۣ˵Եʲôϡ䱦
ҳԲסʹ໰ԭûȫгģһһʮ˳
ʣ̫үϥмӣ곤ȻȥҲףִӺ˵𣿡
ңҵòˣȥ˷죬Լȥ֪ˣҡȫ˵ˣ
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80 
˵, ؼǳġ
Ϸü֧, ϸ˵϶ѣҶչ϶ѵ, ܵ˵, ӹӵ, 󳼵ȵȣҲԺԸ, ٹ⼯һ, 泯˥ӵһ, ϶ϵľһǧ, Ϊ˱ܻ, ɢط׷׸ΪգЩĹʷҲһȥ
ĸҵһ֧ϣϲǵû, ĸСʱ, ɸŴ, ĸ˵ʱ͹һͷͷ˯ÿμĺɽ·²д, 쳣ƾֻĸŮʱڵ룬ط˵ֻõڶ೤֮һɴ˿ɼؼݺ
ʱǨû˻ʵۺͽɽؼұȸգӱǨԭһڴ˹ӣؼҳ򲻰ȫ־ټǨϼҷ죬Ϊڸϼϳֿɱܿԭս˭֪ûЩ꣬ͷ죬żұߣֱ˿Ƶĵ̡
ʱؼѾˣȻҵ׻ڣһˣپټҰǨڣϹүʹˣڲֻüڷסطԴӽ޵֮ҲѾжϵʮûţֱүӵѶ
ƶԹؼҵ˽⣬֪֮٣еӡͣĸ׵棬ԼһζûȥҪ˵֤ʵЩˡ
ؼҪ˵ʧƣȴޱүһȥȻǷҲɣ˵Ӧòš
˸Ƿſϣ˯
ʱѾĿĵؽ
гÿǰһҲԽһЩ
ҺʮˣѾվǽؾִͬͰƵʬףҲǧﱼɥȻЩȥ죬ͨؾִӦںϵͨðչ
˿׮ӵͷҲʲôչϾͷ참Чʵ£Ѿ˽룬ʣµ޷ٴӶͳʲôֿ΢΢
ȥ޹ų峯ͳ˵ףձˣﲻϺСĵ͵һЩƳһ߶࣬ѵý
ϺӽձҲûһ죬ά΢ƽ⣬ȫ
첻һĶʡżҶϳȥǰʵ۱һ죬Ҳ޷϶ԼĹϵǷеͨ
ڴӦİɣ㿴ܴô
˵ҿͦ
ࣺҾ͸ȥԳԺȺȣԵһŲᣬؼʲôƱ׺鰡ͨͨûϵȻˣҪǻͷؼ޸ϵɱС࣬Ҫ˳ҼС֮ģǾ͸ˡ
˯ʣԽǺ壬С㣬ҧݴ档
˵СĹȥѣʹС㶼ˡ
ǲǵܱӿ޶ëģ˵ãسûǮȫˡ
ƵЦǴ˯ϳԿ
м·ĳͲ˵ǵʿ𿪵ģ㹫ְѲϺ賡ŵŲȥܻͦӭģλȥɥȴظһţԼпտĴ䣬ֻҪЩ¾ˡ
Ͳ֪˰ɣ·˵˵ʿ𣬱Ҳձϰ壬ͷиطṩϴԡĦ൱ȥһѣһ
Ȼûˣ˯ȴ˴롣
Ƹ̽Լûȥ
죬ʵ򲻾䣬롣
ֻ೤Σ߽Ｘ
û׷ȥ
һֻĴ
⾰ţںڰӰӣ
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·ȷ
ʱ
гůһȳᣬǿůĳ͸űҹ˪Ĵĺ⡣
ȴ˯òȡ
΢΢أҧúܽ񱻶ţƿʲôʹࡣ
ξڸıѩźһŲָľʹ֪ǿ彩þˣӼ裬ȫʧȥʹкͶůĲ֪أѪͺҲᶳס
Եôûġ
ǸֺĶӣ仰ֲСڣէǹΪһСĲ磬˻֣ΪԼƷСɣ˭֪෴һӴ֮ʵʵΡ
ķһ֮󣬾ͻὫ˵ѣиӣǰ൲ӵġ

ԱһôжҲûлӦ
޷͵ذֻԶڱѩ֮¡
ѩ֮£ˡ
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ı鶸Ȼ
ͳϵϸȥ
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绰Ƕġ
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Ŀƽ˯գϸЩӡ
֮Ĩƽָܿ糣
ջڴۣҲʼ
ϣУƽ˳սپɡ

ߣ֮⡣
ǰĶǣǰͳ߸ľ˺Ԣ⡣
Ѹĳ˿ڶ࣬ˮ
Ҫ˵ͬǴžǶ𷢱۵ĶˣͷȻһ˵ס
վ棬˳˿ȱϺٰ֣ȨսƺûӰеķ٣ưģģվµŽӻۣȥò¹ڳʵȴֵС͵ǡ
Ψû˵ǰǵĹؼˡ
˸Ƿ
˯ǳ;֮ƣ¹˯ãڵƣʱڶ
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ӹȥǷǵȲˣܵ˵עĿ
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СϺš
ļѵҲеվסˣűߵ䣬ưó͵ıݣջ
ջϢòͣûгţȥؼţһֱϣһԳǹؼµŰݷã˵ǷؼҼλү֮үȥ
ΪԼῴĿɣײТ龰
Ǵס
վڹؼҴǰĿɿڴ͡
ͬòȥ
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лҪ˵ðѪззǵĹģڽϣҲúñ壬Դȣע⳦θůһ~~~
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ΪǸ⣬200ȸҰݸѼ




81 
ؼҺ֡
Ѿоƽˡ
Ҫһ, Ӧᡣ
, УԴ, еŶ, ЩȺ|ͷӶ, еΧſС̯ǰ֪ڿЩʲô
ɲ͸һô
, ŵǸϹ, үˣͷҲ, ƹֻܸϹ˼ҷǰĸͷ, ɥ, ؼҲ˴ģһְ
Щϵı飬еϴЦеϲ, ŪûΪǰᵽؼˡ
ҳ, ȥǶȺ
ү, ʲôأ
̽ͷǰߴ˫ñˡ
Է⡣
İɣ
ࣺԣ
˫ñϽ̫үүÿڵӣǰûУֽ, ȻߵʱҪһţдԼ֣Ȼţֵˣ͸Ͻ̫үүʵ¡
ࣺ
Ȼү⻧˼ңչ𣿡
㣬⺢ӣô˵˶ףǻ̫үүɣ±ܻа֣úܣүԵ̫үүѡھʹһصģˣ
ࣺ
˰죬ڲˡ
νĻ̫үүǻǳɾԵϣͨƻ£ܵС
Ҳ˵ؼүǸˣԶĳɣ
˫ñүо˹ү֮
Ʃ˵мСҹҹ޲ֹÿҹֻƼסǽĳǰˣԩвʣǻ˼ŸĴҽˣβãүһƣͻָԭ״ˡ
Ʃ˵ǰЩ꣬ĳ˼ҳɷˣӣӰٰƱ纰ԩҲ֤ݣ׼ݲݽ᰸ӵҵؼү棬үһֹȻͬ죬׵Ѱҹȥɷصʬʩ֮£ʬ仹˵ʵ飬ԭɷĵܵܡ
꣬ꡣ
˫ñ˵üɫ裬ýζ
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үСӺ˳ۣԼһ
һڴӦ
үǺģ˵ˬ죬Ǽʶˡ
˫ñüЦ
أôģ
ࣺݣѼа£Ҹѹĸͷ
˫ñӴѲǧϵɣ
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˫ñݼģҵûҲĵضҪҲң
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ôڡţ
˫ñɻ󣬶ָ̧ͷؼҡ
⣿ؼң
Цɲǹؼ𣿡
˫ñ
ࣺҸ˵ѣǹؼҵĽףʲô˸ӴŵݣǼүȥˣѴͷƣ˵ϼҴҵ󣬺Ÿ߻һȻǱѰ˵үⷴӦôûаĽ
˫ñĽƨؼҶҳɶˣԼ򣬼Ҳɼң²֣ؼүӸûãſھ͸Ƶģô
Ц磺ղŲǻ˵ү𣿡
˫ñ㣬⺢Ӳ£˵ү飬Щǻƴɣǹؼˣүͨ飬ƴԵɹؼʵ񻰣Ƽ̯ûУ
ࣺƼˣأô£ѵؼҳɼң
˫ñүȻǣؼֵܣ˹үԵ֮⣬඼ѰˣֻйؼҴүԷճի̳
ү಻òիͿ̳Һ͵ңǲϰɣ
˫ñòϣ˼ԼͦģⲻΪ˸ү̨شү֪еʿ˵ǱظɮûǶ˵Ǹ˷ƽд֣βȷˮģʲô߰㣡
ࣺƽùô
˫ñҪǮ͵ģ
˵գ࿴һڣ¶һػɫ߽ǣɲǷֽģ
ࣺ
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˫ñٺ㶮ʲôǮҪײҪһҲأȻˣҿ϶Źүɱ˵һ̫үү֪ˣĲϣͲҿˣ
ࣺҹүʲô
˵˫ñ̸˶ʱûһ롣
ҼСӲˣôҲƲã˵֮ʲôûͶ·Ҿ뵽ԣӶ࣬Сӣϲһˣ챣ӣɵ
˫ñϵЦҲûˣ˫ֺʮͷû˷٩٩̸顣
ࡣ
ϤԲԶ
Ťͷ
Ѿұ˶תһȦԱ߻˸ɫ۵ˡ
ӣеȤүԵ
࣬
ûӦֺһΡ
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վ죬ʲôüպ㼸û
ʵŶӵȹү¡
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֣
ѵһ䣬ԼԵˡ
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һƵȣӡ֤һ˵
֮£ؼҵͬˣɾѷɫ١
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үСſЩԼ˼Цˣձȥվģ˵ʣ⡭
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ǹؼⵡ˳ӿˮйͨʵڽȥ
ӽǿ
Ժ䣬񲻱յͣ˵̨׽ż̦ѺۣӺҲеɫؼҰʱļҵۿɼ
ֻլӣ³ʿѾסˣסҲǶС󷿡
֮ɫҴң˸徲٣ֱͥ˿ڲһЩ۾ϾԺúôլӡ
ֻǻ־˲ˣڳִһ˸һ˻һһߣƳϷ
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ָͷ󵽹ӣϸͱưסԷδ֪Ƶĵһۡ
һ޹
ôˣʺ¡
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Ӧ˶ҵǾ仰
ң̫ˣֱף
лҪ˵ps¶ᵽСϸڣͳһһ¡1ƺΪǰͳһͲȥˣһᱱһᱱƽĻжֲ塣2Ǹٵݣָα޹ʱ𣬲ǴǡǻеȥӦ1932꣬еġڡ1933ꡣ
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82 
Ǳ߳, ߷羰á
ֿ, ʲôүֱӽ, Ͳˡ
û취, Ҳֻվԭع
ж, ֲӲűүߣֻòƴڻ
үԭȥ, ˲, ûȥվͷתת˴ҲҲ, ͻ˵û, ⲻ, ոնүѾȥ췣ˣ˴ǧǶһƽϣү˵, ϲ, ó¸ϽϾƲ, ͵Ÿӷϴˣ
䲻ʣô˵ڹؼģǶˣ
µЦݽһ¡
Ҳô˵̫үոȥûãڼ¶ǼһŰģλүȺ, ǹؼҵˡˣǰ̫үأ͸ү籨үѶϻҶ̫үһ棬Ҳڼ˵Ҳģүĵ
Ҵææ⣬ûشƣȻ֪ˡ
ؼҷǵ̫ƽҲŽᡣ
̫үȥ֮Ⱥףû˭λүһ˵úʵϾ˭Ҳ˭
˵ϴܸĳˣᣬָʲô
ֱүǣмˣ
ûЩ飬תˡ
ֻͼݣ˵˻ˣؼΣʺϲ֣Ҳ֡
ԭΪѰ⣬¶ɫ
үһһŮСѾԶޣڷУүŴ󷿵ļ䵱̣ͷæүϥλүҲڸŶүˣСĻѧãүүûɻ飬үŮСѾˣСֹУСףҲ͸ꡣ
֣үδɻ飿
һЦǡ
һֵĵط
ؼֵܣ黭ʫУү֮Ѯ͵ˣ˵ãҲǵүүˣ¾Ȼ˵δɻ顣
Ŀԣ֮ɫδȥλдŲҪҼ֡
ƴʹֹ

һ˸
ɲǣ÷ȥ춼ûйģ
ͷܲ󣬲Ǻõģ죿
һ˵ϹһϹӦͣ޼䡣
ϴ͹ͷһ
಻ˡ
ƣ
Լһû񣬶Էͻ쵽ǱȺͷȥˣǶ
شүүࡣ
аҪ͵ðҿʲô̫үүǼٵģƲģ˼֮ûԸ§˶ٺöΪҲ֪˼Ҵϵָͷ壬ʱѹûţǰһʱڸǰź򣬳㻹˭ǧѷⲻТʬδСҹȥ
үЦһĨȥүɵԼϵĭ
磬ԴǵòȻ˵׾ǼҰˣԵûУֻͨЩģİʽҵ̨Ե֣ҰһͨŻļɻ䣬ǽͷ㣡
үŭʲôʸ˵仰ЩµˣĸǱƭҾͲ׮׮˵׼ҲŪŪ񸾣ƭѪǮб˽ңԼģûУ
ү߳ŭˣ治ɣ׮׮˵׼ƼſûУ˶ǳģ㻹˶Լţ͵ҵڣҪȻ۾ȱȣ¿ޣ
û˵úã
ƣֲ´
ˢˢŤͷ
Ǻˣ
˭
Ŷүµģձ
һ²ؼʱίʵֵù޹ˣ˸û뵽ҪĲ磬үһǰקĸ첲
ã˭湦˭ǼٰʽǸˣԼ¹ͷϴٵȫ˵ڣú˵˵Լôҡײƭԩֵܵģܲ
үƾɶҪģ
үЦˣҲɣô˵棬ҿͷϸҲˣſڿӺ
үľͶģ˵ãʲô
үࣺʲô
ЦҪδ飬˭Ҳ˵׼׼׼Ҫλүϸµưɡ
үү֨ˡ
˳¶Ҫÿһëÿһϸʶ
үץĸ첲ơ
ү۾дʣ˫˸Źֵƣʱ壬ֻ˭ҲЩʲô
ǹ˼Ȼү۾
үЦװŪأ
үûֱֱࡣ
ϸ£Ѫ֣֮ڹ׻ˮˮ飬ȴԶˮĵطǲõģҪע⣡УжһϸҲһ׮һϧһг£ڿһֿʼѿˣ⣬ܿϡ
үԱ̨߲ˮ
ʲôһһ㲻ǿÿԼŮֶŮȥҸ㣬ǼǸӣҿĥ꣬ͱ˼Сˣ
֮
үشһ
ӣײעǸ˸ĸ޿ӵ㻹ֵ֪ܣŽˣؼҵĸǱܹģؼұʮˣΪТӣؼҵ˴ù˵ǲǹؼҵˣ
˵˵
үûðɣٹ˲϶ųֱֵ̬ȥһȭ
ү޷ӴһѺ˺üոյĸ˷緶˲䵴Ȼ޴档
ʾүֵתŤһţΧ˶ˣһʱǰֹӦҲֻǿͷŲҪ˲Ҫˣ˭Ҳûҵǰŭ
ƣ
ɫѾ޷顣
ǰһ̻ڸү˵ؼҼֵºһϴľǰȫС
ľúƣԼά־ӪĹؼұ̫ƽ죬ͱԴơ
ŮǺܿѶԱ߿޿Ȱܣһʱ䣬ؼլַǷſŶӻҪʼ֡
˶ӣҲЩˣû¾;ˣͣ֡
ųû
үŤͷ࣬
˵˵ҵ˵׼׼
°ͣӦû׼ɣ
үʲôӦã׼׼׼ǲ׼֪һҪǮôүÿ䣬˵ãЩͲǮˣ
Цү˵һЩһûײϣҲ֪׼׼ôûش˵ˣҽҲûǮģ׼׼νˣ
㲻ǮôģүԲ۾˭ģ
үֻãͶˣˣҸ˵㲻øǮЩаҡײƭģЩǶǵĶͷת򣡡
ߣˣ£Ǯ׼ߣү˻ߺָ࣬׽ס
ؼһǰץ࣬ʵڿȥˡ
ˣıˣ
ĳƺȻڳ˵עȥ
үһô
Ƴƣ̫үɥġ
ơү˻һˣõĶӣ
ƣǣĸ׵ӣְֶæ޿գҹ
ࡣ
ѣͬҹġ
ؼһʱû
ͬЩŮ죬Ҳֹס
ǿƣֿ࣬Ժֵ︡ģһǰµ뷨˶ˡ
лҪ˵εΣҹϣѼ




83 
ؼڵΧһ, ȴ¡
ΪԼ˺Զλ, ǿˣҲһϯλ
شү͹ү, , ˭Ҳ˭, żײæƲ, մȾ϶Էùˡ
ϯλ, ؼҴͳŮûܽ, ؼֵ, Ҳû롣
үүƵӡ̫, ܣҲϵá
үǵڶġ
ȣ̶۾ϰ΢΢, ſվ, һȦ, ˾۵ףȻⲽ
Ƕưɣ
үĿ׼ȷϣҲûһۣƺƶԼжϡ

ǣˣǶơ
үб֣
ƣ¡书, еĵ¡
ү룺ɱ˵㡣
ƣƴţس˼
үһЦԭˣҵû뵽һ㡣
ү̸һ
ĿƳı飬͸Ϊˬˡ
෽ɿᱻĳûһͨ
෢ִүĿ⣬صسЦЦ
ү룬СЦֺÿѹȲΪԼҹı㣬ϧ˼ң˼Ҳһ⸱ģڼҿ϶ǧٳ۶صҪա
һ룬үԺ
үʫ֮
ʫֵ꣬͹Ȼ£ֻһɽװ󲽰·磬ԵֵЩ롣
Ƕưɣ
ү֣ҲӦܿԼ֣ϲɸ顣
˵ˣ˵һӾӢţһȻ鴫
ҲǱˣүȻ̫үİӣ緢ִһȦŵͬʱҲе˽ë
ƾԼƽʱ˵ë꣬λȣԳķִ硣
ˣǶƣһ߶š
ү˿⣺ֶأôû
үڰ֣СȳϣǳҲˣͷԷԶı֡
үȻ磬ǰ˺ȥ˵ǣҪҲˣһˣˣܿ԰ó˰ɣ
ƿү
ӵż͵籨ʱֻᵽؼ̫үѶɥ£ɥνֻδᣬүһ˵̫үֻ˵˶
үƵȻ˵ˣҲ㡣үǰؼҲݣݷֵָˣһݣүǣһҪСΪĸ׵ޣؼû׼ױӦҲжš
ףĸǰżἰ˵Լ᲻£˳ġ
үʱǨЩ¾ˣүӵ˼ΣﶼչأǹؼҳȥˣݼױǰûҲӦòϣﲻˣҲ˴죬ϹҲܶүˡ
Ҳȱʲôױ¹үĸףȻܾ
үֶү壬㼱ʲôûնƸгݣϴһԸʱ˺һ飬үӵĶ񶼷ڿⷿⷿÿһ˵룬ⷿܿ˭Ҳṵ̂īȥģıǡ
үˣҲˣҾһʣٹ£ҿҪȥӢģʱ䵢˭Ҫ˵ʣҲǴ磡
үİ𣺡˵ʲôǶԳ˵̬𣡡
ۿҪүæԲ
˺ˣԼֵܣ壬أе㳤ӣǵҲôãһգǧϺϵϤϤ߶߶أôû
˵䣬һؼǰ档
үү˵
ضүʱһ롣
ʲôв
֧֧᣺үæأѹûϺС˵С˵ү飬ү޶ԣֻǻӻ֣Сֻûˡ
̫ˣ
ضү߶䣬Ҳ߶䣬ûȥǿҲû˵ҪȥˣֻƿЦһ
ưˣƢЩ֣ƽϲḷ̌ڸһͷã˵ɣȴȥЪϢһԸ㿴Σ
ûˣĲ˵仰Ƣֹǹ֣
ԭΪүЩڿҲǻƤӣȨޡ
㣬ȫƾ
үƺҲЩ˼˵ʲôſڣֹ˼ڳҲֻȼ
£ʹƺȥɡ
ǡ
൹鲻ںº棬ºС
ֻԺͷǵɵ࣬Ҳ°͡
¶Σ衢ˣһЦ
лҪ˵ҹϣעϲϲ꣡




84 
䲻С, 鷿, м̴ľ, ¹⡣
ûϲ, Ǿʽֽ, λù߶֧ҲܿԺ￪ʼŵҰ
ĽǶȥ, ܿһĴ졣
Щ, ޷ڸӵƶ
Աߣһ
ϱг鼮
ϱлƿѰﶼܿİ衣
Ҳûо辰, ķı, ֻ̯ż㡣
ڡ
ͨͨûС
һһӡ
, е㶫ġ
һŴһ졣
˶ѡ
д˵᷿ӦŰ߲С檵ĵطɣ
ιҲ֪⻷ںᣬ˵, ֻƴڶͼɻء
ι¡
үԸ
Ƶ, æ̧ͷЦݡ
ʹؼҿͷ, һɶģ𣿡
ιǣǰԼˣǹͣС򲻸аֵʵ, ѾпͷõˣҪôûɨҪô춼ûСⴲ죬˵øϽģ
ࣺι£ҵĿͷأ
ιЦҪǲŰβҲ󣬻ͷһͷ
ࣺ
ƵɫԳ
ʲôҲû˵۾籩Ҳڲ֮󱬷
ιԷƢҵıš
λүڼҿҲǽӦؼ֮ɥȴ˭ܸ˵
֪пͷͷĶ̫ү֮󣬱¹ֵǮֵǮͶûˣпͷɾȫģҶʰˣԵҲûȥס
ü˵ˣ㲻ϱˣ
ι¿Цѡ
Ȼùشүֵֹܸ˰ɡ
ƶι¡
ι¼һע°
ү˵ˣɱȥҶүģûڹؼһȥˡ
˵
̫үڼ䣬Ѽλүеһ飬ؼҲ˷֣ҲǷּҸԹլιȴû˵үڳһլԼеĶˣ˵ԼĶԼ뱨̫ү֪үү֪ˣҲЧ£ԼеĶͿʼͷģ˳Կ˭Ҳ󣬼Ҳʼ͵֣ץ˺üүǵ£ʵڲò֡ҺÿⷿĶû̫үԿλүûͬʱڣ˭Ҳܿⷿ
֪ؼڲͣȴû뵽Ѿҵȵز
ͷԭЩƿ裬ֻ²ǱȥԼլӡ
̫үһȥȺףΪ
ЧǶôˣȻҲʼ͵ˣֽŲɾ
үүأʵ
ι£үƽͰľﲻˣҲȥүʱû֮˵£ףСۿүһܡ
ƣأ˭ˣ
ιһ㶣γԣ
ƣӵĹˣҼȥ𣿡
ү֪Сԭ̫үźģ̫үһߣλүͲҪˣǶүӴһߣǶүңҲֻʰϼȥˡ
ƺûʲôҪʵˣι˵գˡ
λЪţˮѾȥˣܿͻٹһʱС˹λȥò͡
ô˵ˣ
ιߺƳࡣ
ѵÿҲ¶ԶԵɫ
ˡǵϿһӶˣԭҲǻľİɣǻҪ棬Ҳûˣ
üʲôôʣǲˣˡ
࣬࣡˸Ķ
ֱһƨϻƻľӣڰջΣ˫ֻء
˼˼
ƣ˼
ࣺﶼ˼պιô˵ؼ£Щ˱ֵܣûһ۵ģ̫үʲô㣬ǵǧϺϵǲ֪Լ󱲵ĵаɣרЦģ
ƣιµĻҲȫš
һ֣ã˺ıζҲƼˣҲүһЩɡ
򴽣¶ЩΣϲŭ¶ĳԸǶԸսŴ۽ӡ̣ԹһӵҲ̾Ϊֹ
ϾǸݣǸʮ겻߶ݣҪ̫үɥ£ڣ
м飬ҵǰк
ĳ˼
ɻ
ࣺǸ˯಻á
Ŷһϴ̰ɣúι´ɨһ£һ
ţôಡԶӵͬѧ̣
ƣ㻹ҵ˾˯̣Ӧõ𣿡
ıԽһԽﻵˮε
£òͷ
಻ԼǮס꣬ȥδɨķ佫͡
Ӷ˼ªˣӻΡ
Цչȥ
֪Ӳͬѧǹ鲻ˣۻջסһ
ҡͷһҪɽȥ̫үĸͷһһؿ¸ϲǵýˡ
У˯ͦõģ֤Ҷ
˵ճֱβһɣΪǿһȦ
ҵζˣͱ˰ɣ
лҪ˵ԪʫڽУҲС½淢һд"Ԫʫ"漴ʫдһдҵ֣ȥҲ[doge]μӣ
Ϧֶǣףҽһ˳µһһǰ~~~
200




85 
ƵĻߵʱ, ι׼ʱǰ, ȥ÷
˴˵ڿԺúóһˣ˯ĵط, ؼܲܿ, ûȫϯ, ˲һܸеġ
֮ǰ˵ÿһСһ·ϵ, ʹؼ˵Ĳ, Ҳִź롣
һ˿ܿ챻״ˡ
һ̽ӣһײ, һЦúòĹضү
ǺųƼҵ׷, ͵Ĺؼң
໳Լ۾⡣
Լ۾, Ҳɹؼ˵⡣
֪ģΪݣؼ˰Ͳ㽫ߣ޵
, , 
ү, ̧кܵ
ȴûϯ
ˣҲǹַݣҴΪ̫үǰ㣬ȫǰδܼ˵ź, ﻹ뵽ؼҾ˵زѣȴҲԼҴȥԣɽȥ̫үͷϾ̻Ϻ߶ˡ
үſڣȻԶԣֱתҪߣżˣæ
ƶƣʲôòһˣôת۾˵Ҫߣ𼱱𼱣˵ͷ˵𼱰ȰȰƣ
Цضүһˣɲòֹؼҵļ£˵Ūˣ˵ѣչͬѧ֣ʵҲĸȰ˾أҴˣ
үΣקסƵĸ첲һ˾ˡ
ƣʵؼҵҲƼˣûֵӣĺ֣ʲô¶ܣָջ嶯£ٷ¡Ϊӷϴ˲ɸΪֻ֮ܽޣ֣ͷүӿ˿ⷿͷԣˣ㵽ľ¥úóһ٣㿴ô
Ƶ齵᷿˵ڼӶûˣǹؼҵĴ֮
ү̾Ƕϴɵģ˵ǳ֣ؼҴ󲿷ֶӦģϴһͷҲţҾˣôȰסֻȥˣⲻǸһҪӷϴģҲһдǲˣ̫үȥ֮ϴߥҪеǮóֵ仹ûʽּңܸģ˭Ҳ϶һˣ
үƹ˵۾ȴеĽϡ
ûжԶүĻ̬ˣЩˣ˵
үæԶԣȳԣȳԣӣ
Ӿݶү˵Ǽëڵģ˰죬ԵļëˣҲѾʧããﲻټ
ٿײһİײ˷żܿǷ⣬ҲŵﻹҪϸ鼸֡
үǴӹؼһЩ
ѷֽζ˳ھ͵
ĸ˸Ǻ˵ʲô
үüëһһƲ
ϧ
ࣺ˵ӹؼҰᶫȥԼ˽լ˴үүҲжү
үһ죺˵˵
ЦɲҲں˵˵Һ̻ȥˣЩ˵ͣͷү٣һˣһˣҲȨ๡ʱĻϣһ׮£˵үЩԨԴ
˵Ͳ˵ˣʼרĭ
үЩá
ûġ
ΪԷƵѣͬǻмӣɺ֪СӣֻƵͬѧҪƻڷԣɼҾҲޣʲô˵ˣҲǸǰĳˣֻǳˣ˵
ӿڴһСɫơ
ڻϴӶнɻĽ𲭺񾭡
үɫˡ
ⶫǴģ
̾˿ʡ
Ҿѡ
ƣ˻
ࣺһյؼţʰңҹͣҹԼһ̲Ъ۳ͶٸϹˣأ˶ү֮⣬û˶˾˵ˣҲûһ·ٷԲæųڧ¶ܰ
˵һ·Ȼ˶ˣĶһȳᣬţźҲнӳôٷԲˣҲ߹ؼɣͲɫӦ͡
û취һ
ࣺΪؼܳԶٺõģӰ²ڶҡ
ƣؼҶֳˣҲûǮ
ࣺǰɣҿ˸߼ǸߣϺ˵ҲֵʮѲƷ
ƣؼҺε˼ңϿǳģ˸ҪˣôƷ
ү
ࣺǲ԰Ʒ˾ôǶﻹδĲˮɼϡƽ£ʮУôǳĭûӣĪţǴүүıǰߣ
˼Ƭ̣صͷпܡ
ү
ࣺۻǱöүΪˣ˵ؼֿڵ¿رóԣҪȥԣ
ƣǶô죿
ࣺү϶ԣˣӲһջҪɽݣ̫ܳˣҪȻôˡ
û˵ˣһ˵ʲô
үź΢΢Ť
໹չ¶Цݡ
ɣˣȳԣǳȥҵ㶫ӣʲô£ǻ˵ǻҪҪҲʲôԵģ
ûȹضүشԴ
ˣؼҴ󸻴ҲȱͣȷöԵصģԽӺͷã߰ɡ
ţ
үڵվ
Ǻס࣬ǱΪˡ
ΪҪˡ
үҪãǿԹؼңϾͲ˯ǼյĿͷˡ

ضү˰죬ȴԼߵĳ档
ȥС׼¿ӣģǶˣ
֮ܽһΪѡ
ү¿⣿
ͷֿڲһֳɵȥұ¹㻨Ǯ¿ˣһ٣ǴԶܹǳԶٺõģ
ĸ֣үҧúأֱѪ
һǮΡΡ棬ԼǮϵĿŰȥȴ޿κεʣҵغա
࣬Цþ󵼾ûûεļ鳼˱˻ԡ
ô˼öүƷأ
ûϵԼˣǳԺã˾͸ˡ
ү¶ȿ޻ѿЦݡ

ضүŬԼעҪڸոձߵǮϡ
С谡ܸܲ˿ղóĶ
ࣺ˵ų񾭣
ųһүƶûں
ô˵
ࣺⶫİɣ
ضү˸ϳϣأҾǿͦÿģ档
û쳣ɿ޹أǾͺã˵ųˣıɱЩͽ𲭵ĵ񾭡
ضүζһ
лҪ˵εΣָ£һã彡Ÿã
100ҵwbг齱ҿȥμ~~
ԪʫڽУҲС½淢һд"Ԫʫ"漴ʫдһдҵ֣ȥҲ[doge]μӣ




86 
¿ڹﹾ๾ð, ±ܴ֭ӸǰƮԶ
һ¿, ˹ڣһ߹һ߳ŶүĴָ
Ľӷϴ, ү
ǳԵø˱, ĻٽСүЦǿ˵ſ׻
һ̡
̧֣, һｴ¿⣬һݴײˣ
ضүǳ鴤, û뵽ѿ׻档
Ҳ˵׻ˡ
С, ǶƵĺѣҲͲ㵱, һֶ, ˵˵, ųôģϵ񾭣ôᵽϣ
𼱣Ҳ˵, ôųʶ, ЩǴӺζ, Ǳ˴̹ϣܺޱ
̳һ¿⣬ȴ˵źĻ
ضүı࿴¿ӵı顣
ܲܰЩȻң
ࣺ˵ǲ𣿡
үЦҲҳһ۰ɣһأ
ԼץӸλñֳһƵĶүһЦ, ͳһƬ񾭡
΢ƣӨ󷢹İƴ˵ҲǱֽ
澹ϻС֡
·ϽŴϸоƬҵĶǴؾľվȣֺɵȲ֣ͬͽ𲭱Ƭȱȫ˿߽н𲭺ɲᣬزһı
үǰϲղع棬ҴСѬգŶĿȾҲá
Լ಻˵үҲĲǿ
ٿƣ֪Ǹƺ«ǶԼ·ݲ䲻ȣ仰˵
үûӣֻü˵ȥ
ȥǻҳڸǰź˼һˣ˵ҵʲôͰ鷿һһϻùͷһĽ𲭺óҡ
˵ʱֵĲ룬ϴүӲأǮˮʲô˲¹֥ǲҪǮͷᣬûǮˣͷҲûӣֻðǵõȥѰ˼ܸүӻҩǮҲãų
˵񾭺ܿǰϻʹıʱֶЩŮ̫͵ġųңЩȫƷȻģҲģɶʱ˹ɣóŶģүΪȥġ
԰ɣ
ү˵ͱˡ
˵໨ɺ黭Ʒǻ˵ףѰααģ⻨ѹòʧôƷ
үһ졣
ұҲô˵ųʶ꣬Ҳ֪˵ǧ꣬Ҫ϶٣ٵĶ࣬үڼղңҲʱ۵ʱ˵˵һͨƲˣκͱ˵ˣͬѵҼķѰúң˭֪һľͳ˲ӡ
˼£ȥųѯʽչ˵ŵļǰʧˣҲûع̣֪Լ׵˵ΪЩ˵ˣû뵽ڻʧãС谡ǶлˣҪǰѶңͷüǮǳһٺõģΣ
ˣЩҪƷֵ˵ǣ϶ҲһٷܵģοųΪɱ֮Ҳǵ˷յģһٷǴˣ
Цܶ໰Ĳ˵ȴǺ޹˼ɣſھ
үһСӣȴòЦ֪һٷ˵϶ˣⲻڶûǮ𣬵ͷԣˣǰһһ·ѡǿүָ˵ҪģȥˣľǶƵģүǰղع˵׼ʲôأ
Ա㣬ڷ¿ӣ˵˹˿û̻
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ضүȻһ񣬰ֵܣûʲôңУǿ϶Ҳеģ˿ԳԵÿӴ˲֪ձ˶Ƣֺ׵ˣôҲңֶȰѵ񾭻Ұɣһúղأ©ˣ
ƺȻѱƬ˰ɡ
ЦЦҲûвãӿڴһӣƹȥ
ˣƬ񾭣ǿɶ赹ˡ
ضү⿪ϵĽᣬ¶ϲ
ǹȻǱ˵ĸǰһҵĶʧˣ
û٣ˣ˵һҸ¥ͷĳǴӾǹģﻹǰЩ˿ɺóˣ
ضүƤ鶯һ¡
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Цôޱȡ
ǾʶʶʣܴܲԶһ˷ǣʲôûŰɣȥ֮ѲǾ˵ڹؼ԰ײ˽ӣ
룬룬ԣ
⼸֣ضүҧź˵ġ
һ¿ӳ꣬˵ʱ򣬹ضүǿѾɺü꣬ϺõĽ𤲻
˯Ըȥɣ˾ͲˣȻˣЩطδţƶĳʲôģȥתתǧĴģС飬Ҫǿҵ磬ûжǮˣ
ضүԼǮǲ϶Ƭ̣ͽŵĨߵ÷ɿ죬תûӰӡ
Ƿ˸
ү˵ѡ
лҪ˵εΣҹϣڼע˶Ѽ




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ûж۱ʾ򷴲, Ǻƽһ
ʾҲͬĿ
ǼƬ𲭺Ʒ, ֶԹ治˽ˣܿϡ, үռо, ô᲻֪ӶүĶԻֹ, ͷǲȱǮ֪Ǯʮֿ, һ, װֵǮĵ񾭱Ƭų
ѡ
񾭱Ƭүӽ͵ģ鷿͵ġ
˼ˡ
һ, ֵ, ϴ϶, үӲأ׷״鷿֣㼸ƬҼƬѵ񾭱Ƭù, үӵ鷿˾۱, ٶļҲҲֵôӻ
һ˼ĵط
;, ϴȻĴҲܸˮˣʱǮúιȥð죬ŪͰˮ˷ͷϴ˸ˮ衣
໹ͷһؾȥ׼ͣȴϴˮҪԼǮ
˯, ڴϣ٩٩̸
үӰѿⷿԿ׷ֳѣöǵһ𿪿ֶⷿⲻǰżӣ
һ·ͷ£ֱӰ˸ͷ
ϻˣͷ˯
һѡ
˯ȥ
Ūͷܲ˯棿
ụ̈ȥݣѡһ
ЦҲ˵ˣ
Ѿ·һӣƽһ¶Դɵͷͷϵˮ
еġ
ҵʱΪ˯ķ䣬ϴظɸɾһ죬Ҳûжٿܣֻǿǵˮķʵڰۣ̲סԱ߳˸ɾëǰԴá
ûзƾԼԴë±Բ⡣
Ӵû㻹⹤ҪǴѧʧҵˣȥð˼Ҵ걳ţҲԼġ
⻰ôе֣һͣ
Ȼû·һͨ࣬ԼĪ̫ˣȻŪû˯ƤأоԷͣ¶æͣǿأɶɶУһ
ƣֻҪһֻҪһûǸģ̨һѧУҲƸңҼ浱ڣҪһѧڶȥǹȥãҲû˸ա
ԴһӱĴָ͸
ƣǲû뵽ЩûٸԻۣͦѵģ
ࣺҪ뵽һ⡣
ƣˡ
𰡣˯
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أڸҵǮҿһãÿ滹㣬Ժˣ˲գһ㵱蹤ô
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ע⵽ķɫܰס
ǸոϴͷԵʣʪͷԵúƤԵøס
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ʮüˣȻ˵Ӥʡ
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شֻ֡
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ؼլӦǰģΧǽڶǷˢģլӱ˵ϰʷˣϷӰֵֵֹܻģҸղŻ·Ͼؼ˵һҪҪ
Ӱɣѵͬߣû˻𣿡
ƷǵûӦܿ촫Ƴĺ
ûӣڱˡ
ϲ˯һ֧ССһҲ˯׹ޱߺڰ
ͱƷ֣ҶԷ̽˺üء
ν̽㲢ǲɿ˷ֻеƵʱȥԼ
۾߶˸˵ĸоҲ
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ΪԼᷭȥ˯ţû뵽˼ոת˾硣
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˯úܿ졣
ڳ¿ӣֻǸضүǸˡ
Ǹʱ򣬴ĹϵûôĸҲûȥҲûޣþڣֵܽȫԱ߻ϼˡ
Բ
ĸײϵвˣԵ㣬ʹѳˣĸ׿ĿԾڿӡ
ǰûĿ⣬ܾĸ׆߶˵ûҪˡ
أҲҪĸ˵ģöˣϲ˵ʲôﻹǲΪȻġ
ֱĸȥ֮˼꣬ƲԽãĸ߶Ҳˡ
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ĸ׻ڼвˣѾԲˣĸоԽԽԣƸϽ˵ԼԱˣ˭֪ĸЦתֱһֱӳҹһһһ˵˰ɣ࣬ȳ
ƽֱֲӱ˸ߵĴѹڵأ
Ҳԣߣôԣ
̲סûԮ֣˼ΧԷ̸Цûƿ챻ѹˡ

͵ۣ
ͷ󺹡
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ŷֱӶߣԷ˾ѹԼϡ
ѹԼμ㡣
˵ﲻôǵ顣
ƴ˿ƿ
ֱӱߣֱӹһͷӺûѡ
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лҪ˵ԪʫڽУҲС½淢һд"Ԫʫ"漴ʫдһдҵ֣ȥҲ[doge]μӣ




88 
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йʲô
ĿȻûѹ
Ѿ·òˡ
ҳȥ, ˯ɡ
ࣺ𰡣ʣһ}, һòһ˾ʹأ
ƣҾùӦÿһóĻ졣
۾, ´Ь
Ҿ˵ɣլֹ, 㻹, ˵үǱ, й, ǲǻòͷ, ǸϽȥȥ˵ܿսɣ
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ؼҺܴƵģ˵, ʵҲǺϵ·, ˳ȥ֮Ҳû, ֻѭһ·ǰС
᷿СԺ·һž˵ԺӣתԽȣڿˡ
аǰûôĹؼŮ͵С
ĽζڿɢŨҲụ̂ɼƲ, ܿͱˡ
ȴڶ
ϸϸģҲһߺһ˵ġ
̲סǰ˼
Ա߿ֵĹؼŤͷһۣСԹ𼷰
ûʣôˣɶأ
ڵưϲǹؼҿˣԾһⷿ˻Һüʱ֣û棬ү˵Կײˡ
ࣺԿף
ˣǿⷿԿף
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δеεģ뿪Ҳ˼
⣬ƣҸǻе飬硭
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Ʊߣã䲻չأҲǰؼˣ޷ܰæô˵Ǽƫ̻ҡ
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үЦҼʲô㹴ͼıⷿĶΪҲ֪Ǹ𷢱۵ӣǼҶٻˣÿζСֹ죬ʲôıֻԼ
ү֮û֤ݵĻȰ˵Ѫˣŵҵĳͣҵÿ¶ңտ֮ⷿգȻǶҪ֤Ҳ˵ˣߣŵҵļ֤ˣйǲţܸ˰ɣ
үʲô֤ͬı
ү˵ʲô
үͷۡ
ˣһ鲻һӾͻᳳòɿֻԶ֪ƣĶ
үʱЩĹһߣϴͷûˣԽֵܡ
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үү˵ˣտⷿԻǰڴҹҲǣȣҲүүܣͲһˡ
ضүеӿ󣬱үӻˣ
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үݺݵүһۡ
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Ҳû⾿ʲôֱһƨڵϣгй
үԺӣ򿴼ⷿſھȻŻˡ
ͻȻҲƲӰӣºؼѶү˵ү˿ⷿүȴ˵ԼⷿԿ׶ˣ϶Ǳү͵ߵģ˳òɿֱǰ
ʫ֮˸ǷʲôóģûԿףֱøͷţ˵ѿⷿˣүӵ˶ǣҲһλͬѧ֤ˣԹŶо԰æۡ
үе㲻ʹˣ¼λ˼ٻŪ㲻ɣ
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˲û⣬ֻû˼˵ڣȻ˵ˣҲͲٹ˼ɡ
үȣҲǲУɣÿһˣﶢſⷿｫһޣҲǲУȵʱԬɽǾͿ˿ⷿΪΣ
Ҷû֨֨ͱʾĬϣүҲ˶ëү˵Ҳ뿪һҹҲܽܡ
ƵˣȻȥЪˣٹ
ȱߣүסЦλ˾㿴Цˣ㲻ˣտⷿĶүҲһݣҲö֤˾Ƕ㡣
ƣûҪɣ˾ô˫۾ţһҲࡣ
үϷߡ
бҪбҪҵģ˰̸ùЪᣬԵʲôȥ
Ƿ죺ˣʱʲôԵģǲֻв˲Ľˡ
ܺӣĺĺүҧЦأСЩţ͸ºõľƣ͹
˭ŵģֹ˭ֵģ⣬ڳûһ𣬴ҷ·˸ոյ־硣
ССϴĸһߣεȨ˭Ҳǰһ˺ʧȥԼء
ү˰һι׼ͷͺޱϣλƣĿ񣬵Ҳ
ѧҲ˰һΣڶүԱСΪԼ˯ȥҸŵùĹԱ߶ˡ
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һ¶ôˣҶЩͲסʱ˯ŵү͸ү˵ĻԼĪЩռͨǼ١
үûԼƺһȥԵģදϤϤ൹ǽž⣬֪˯ȥ
ֱɫ΢ԺԼ˯ǰǿӵģȴɰϣ˼Ҵȵͷˡ
˯Ҳüͷš𣬻񱻰˰ֻѹס
Ѱ˼龰϶æˣȴܶռƬ̱ˣİ÷˸С˯Ƭ̡
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үԬˣ
лҪ˵εΣ⼸լûǰе٣ҲһֱæŹע飬Ȼϵɶܰϵ΢СæӦþȶЩԺflagǾܶдͶдһͦʵģΪ̫ٶӰĶ~~
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89 
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Ԭ֮һ
ݺιԣԬһ, ̫үǰ߶ԬӰ, ǳ, Ǳںĸ˵̫үԬ, ȶԼӻҪ, ʲô鶼󿪿ⷿ, ҲԬԱ߶ŵ֤, ⷿÿ, Ԭ˭ҲûԿס
֪λ۰Ͱ͵Ԭ, ΪѰضϵĳŵ, ΪԬԿס
Ԭ֮, мλ֮ǰû͡
ŵһţͱؼҴССͶעĿ
Ȼﲻˣģͬͷ۾Ķˣ𷢱۵˲ûУŵӢɫ, ȴδ
ͷǽɫ˸ӵɫ󣬰Ƥǳ飬ؼûͯҲ֪ŵһΪӢ죬ֻӸǰЩ־Ʋ۱ǵĲ̫һŮ̲ס࿴ּۡ
ŵ򲻽û۸ڶƿƵ
λĿˣүй⣬˾ͽŵй⣬ԼѣƷ㣬߹
ĸ磬һӶסڷ죬ʲô߹󲻸߹󣿶ˣǰһĳˣĩʵȫҶˣﻹʲô壬Щ֮ͽˣ
һžүĳ߹ۣ֮Աǳ
үЦ尡ȥīˮΪܸϵˣҪǼҲǴУ٣ϳٴ뵱ʱ˳Ҳÿ˼Ҹᣡ
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үһֱŶ߶ŭڣһֻըë
ТӣȥʱûТһţͻҲô飬ȥˣԼģȺ᲻ۣ
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˿ˣ
˵䣬ⷿǱߴ
һ˶Ѿյⷿſڡ
ͷһգҳ裬ƺкӷɿܹڹ
ⷿܿա
Ҳ˵ܿգмӵġ
ֻӶСҲһܱڻĴСǰ
϶¶Եʧ֮ɫ
Сӣôװ黭䱦
Ԭߵ̨ϣˡ
λүͷϹ߿ӣÿһڶա̫үǰһΪڿλүִҪּңͰĶˡ
ڣֱǸλүģӴүү˱ǩ
ָСǿӡ
һڣүġ
лҪ˵εΣҹϣ~~




90 
Ƶӱ˴, үҪˡ
ڿǿС, ȻﲻҲǿԽܡ
Ԭеıǩ, ֱӶ, ١塢顢ʫ, үȻϵ̫үֱʣٿԼС
ү뷢ɧ, ̫үһӻ, µôôôС֮࣬˶û˵, ҲͲԸ⵱Ǹͷ, ĬĬѵ²ʻȥ
үϲ֨, жȱٿһ¿첽߹ȥһ°Լǿ̧ڻ
᣿Ԭ񼡣
Ԭ˵, ҳүǿӵԿ, Ӵ򿪡
үŷ, װģȫЩƱһʵûУѹء
ׯӣϵʮĶլ, ֬ӣ̡
үһ̧꣬ͷ

Ԭ𷴵̫үÿ˶ţ飬ϵݶһģλүһġ
˵䣬Ҳ½Լӡ
ȥӵġ
־;еݵ᲻һ
Ҳûֳ¶ۼ˵ӱڻ߳ⷿ
ϴ϶װĶүͬС죬޷ǶЩƱ
ЩССҲˡ
ֹ٣࿴һСĲƲҲǹؼһүֵĶȻǰûƭؼұֵôڣͣʡԼãҲδزԼٰѼҵ
ɴӼλүıȴǲ̫ġ
үסԬ̫үôô㶫ǣʵ˵̫үЩŶֻأǲǱ͵ȥˣ
Ԭƽڹؼô꣬ҵıΣ̫үλүҲЩ̫үһֲٰģҴδʲ֣ڹֻ̫үǰȷղ˲٣ٲΰ룬ĳãҺȥҽЩƷȥˣʱҲƼģүʱţһˣۿЩƷջ١
үͷ¶ʹı飺Ƽˣ˵ΪɶүɰѶˣҲ㣬˵ƷҲֵ㡭
Ԭ̫ү˵ˣЩƷֻˣǹؼǻ֮ңҲǵȿɹƭŻ˼ң룬ƷˣȨƵģͷǸؼҴ˻𣿣
үе㲻ԼƷҶûƼ˵үӴ鵱Ŀˣ
ԬЩƷ϶̫үԼɸѡ֮ͷĵ̳ۼǼƷ̫үˣƱǮׯׯլӣڶڸλүʱ⣬Ȼڣүүλɶڳġ
ү૵ΪЩģû뵽ȫˡ
ؼ֮УΨүһľګҲȥӣôִϣĿڵԬɢᣬ̧ȾߣƬҲ
ƵĿԼǰϡ
ֱװĶ϶Ʊ
ⲻǸԥɵˣãûȥٴ򿪣á
ү
Ԭ䲻
ûӴ򿪡
˲䣬˶ơ
ƣ̫үûй涨õӵˣһõڴ򿪰ɣ
ԬүԼŶһ°ɡ
үƬ̣ж
Ȼүÿ˵żһģҲͲؼɵˡ
ݲ࣬үû飬˵ĶЩƽֱĻ
ǹؼǨ죬ʵʱȣƲѣΪ鶯Ϊ˰ټҵЩ˲Ǯϣνҵ׷һ·ӻҲˣ̫ү֪ʱղ࣬ҲܹģЩʵĹЩǺѶ۵ġԣΪ󣬶ң߶£ϽЩóıٵ٣֣ƽָؼӡ
ӣһǹпӲּңʹȡּңͰĶҲƽ֡һƵĸ׹ϣ̫ү˵ϵ긺ߣؼҲûгױϵĸϲ˵ʵοǷϵĶ͵ֲļױǹϼˣ˭Ҳ
ЩӵԿԬܣⷿԿַڹؼֵϣһҪȵҵڳؼҲˣܴⷿ򿪣ӣҲҪ˼֤¸Դ򿪣ȷ󣬷뿪պͽס
ڹؼҵլӣؼִҪּңլҲΪ﹩ؼλˣ͵ڰҲˣϲд˲Т֮¡
ү꣬ϸϸζ죬Ϊ˵
ԬƵү̫үˣԴˡ
ûƶү֮ȴԼӡ
⣬ȻҲǵǮ
֮޿޲ɣûϲҲŭԼӸûйϵӿڴһﱵһľ壬ʼ̣һһԼ
ѹ˶˵ؼүǸƧĹˣΪֹ˵ؼˣֵܶԸ׽
ǰŰ֮ȥһ£˵ؼҼֵܣϴ϶һҲ̫үԭ̫үļ
Ӹ࣬ƺ«˹Ҳ򲻳ƨ̫үҲϲҾͳƲ֣Լˡ
ĺ壬ֱ̫үġ
ؼˣͬЩŮ˶һүӱ٣ؼҲһ֧ʢֵܲܺô붼ˣġ
ԬԼԿ׽ơ
ƽԿײ׵һ̣Ȼо
ԤУĶ˶һһǳϵĶ
Ǳƣһ˿͸
Ҫºǲ
Ϊ˶һƽ⡣
үȽʲô
ȫ򿪣˶סˡ
£һŽεۡ
үסǰһֱܿ䣬ڿǶĿ
һ
һ߲ʰ쵵Ĵ
߲ʰ쵣ΪǶɫʯʯ챦ʯ
߲㣬߶Ȳߣһ˿˿΢ȹա
ÿһǽϣиɫ̹¸սϸϡĿĸιӥݣзŴ֣Ӧûϳࡣ
ҽ壬΢Ȼϸ΢Ķ죬ɼϸǷ켫
ƽȻм۵ģһɶ칤ĴѾûƽļֵˣҪǷлʵ۵ĳȥƷҲܲմãһְٰ
棬̫үȻһˡ
һҳߣ˶Ͼϵˡ
ٿ֮£м
ƿ|֡ݣʯĴɡ˫㼪ȣɢɢĺ̸ɫʯ̵ףĿֻץȥЩʯûȫץ
ţҫ۶Ŀ
ͬ𺳣վѷɫ֡
˵˼ĽණҲϺõˡ
ʹˣѾ㹻ۺ졣
ٿүһ˫ѾҪۿĳûôţҲòȥ
ô£ΪЩȴֻǮ
ү͵ػͷԬ
Ԭ̫үвѾ˵ˣؼҹǰó谮Ȼߣ֪Ҳǰ뱲ǸΣЩǹ̵ļױǲԿ̫үȥСֻ°ˡ
үҷԣүǰ˭Ҳ֪Щ֪ǵӵſҪܲͷծүȴֵǮһ͸ˣУҲͬ⣡
Ժ｣ţһļơ
үǶ˫ŽŸѾأʱ׼ſǰǿӣͷıȫһ̵Լ
үδڣҲòŮСӵǼ졣
үޱ飬δ
үʲôû˵ɲ֪ʲôʱѾվſĵطﱧԼӣ룬ԷǷֹ䲻Ⱦܡ
үȫעԼСľ壬ҲΨһһûаעڷϵĹؼˡ
ŵӰ˵û¶ֻ̰ϡѰˣӰѯܷǰϸͷú֮ͬ󣬺зִؾ֮ңóŴ̽ͷ꣬һ̾
δۼүһ棬үӶİҸͬܣһȥЩһ·;˻ȥҲ㣬λˣ߼űʯ룬ˡ
ڿڣҪֱӽݲȫ
үһϲҪ˵ȴǰ档
ɣ
Ʋɣ
ֹԬͶү
Ԭ˶үһۣתϡ
ү㲻Ը̰ͼԺܿɹ󣬵̫үµأ㽫ȥδãҵ飬̫үȻȥͶûջĵүԡ
üô˵ӣҲգҲˣƥ죬߱ңǺã
Ԭͷ˶ӣȷȫ뿪֮ǰڹؼסһЩ˱ر֤һʧҲȻ
үҲǰƣȻô˵ˣɣģ˭ҲᶯͰڼס£֮ǰסûտչǮˣȥð죬ŲݣͷʲôС
үֱͨˢ֮ǰС֪
Ϊƻ
ɣеǮǴҵģʲôʱͬȥðͷˣү£ô࣬Ը뷨Ӱ£ﶼǹؼˣΪλùؼҵǮ
үɫ磬ȴѪ˵үںεأһݹϵںεأҲֵģүӱɥģѲ㻹ϳ𣿣
үŲӣϴҷֵĶһ࣬լңһû˵еǮû׿ϣһǶ׼
Ƶˣ޷ԼǮͷæð죬ɽүӿĸͷȻߣ߶Ÿλ˾˵ġ
ү⣬⣬
˰Ҳû˵³̣ƿһۣ߻⣬ӶЦү
ˣǿɾͷˣԵĲ˵ޱҲɲûˣÿǶ¿ӿȻҿ϶ûܳŹҹ
¿ӻãһүɫһһ
ɲܶүô룬ֱĿкӣٱ
ඣ
ٵſڣһ£ǰˤȥۿҪˤ࣬Ҫˤ϶Ҳķѣ澫ķͬ𻵡
ԮֲֻһĻķ
үĶᵽɤӿڣһ뵽ɶ칤ķˤ۵òУסѽ
Ԥ֮еĳûзͻأ̩ɽ㲻ţӽǻ£ͷʯײĶ
ؼˣ
ղ˭һţ໷⣬Ȼû˳ϡ
ƿүʫ֮һۣ߱ܿƵߣת𴦡
Сһ·ص䶼˳ûţιͷҲܿϢµĿͷѾɨˣ޾ð죬ҲˣٽͿסʳ˵λүʲôûԵ㶫ӣ緹ȥҲУ뵥͵ҲС
ڵƬһƤһ˿չؼдٿˮ׼ķʢˡ
ι»ص˵ˣǶүλүԵģ߹С
֮⣬үǹعȥүֻ
ιȥҴңܿûӰӡ
ƼꤣҪ꣬ȴס
Сж
ƣ
￴಻֪Ūһ룬̴̣Ҵ
ûУģ
ࣺүԹмһé˳ȥģǰûϸˡ
ƣֻԳ|˪϶ҩԲģ||أһμɱ˶֪Լôġ
Ȼסˡ
ô죿ֶҩ
Ƶͷٶǰ־˾ͷˣɫζҲǿζױζǹȥ
ࣺȻһαô֪ǿζ
ƣ
ࣺ𶯣һзˣҪҲȶҡ
˵նȳڡ
ȥһ룬ס
𼱣ЩҩʱõһҲһ¡
һ룬Ҳ˺üڣ¶γѵı飬ʵѽ治˼붼ҵĿˮˣҪ㻹ǳԱİɣ˿ҿͦʺġ
û£Ҳ⣬Ҫһ
ưԼְƤ˿˴뵽Լʼͷ
յҳԷʱǸͷ붼ֵϻĹӣҪ˵˹һԷˡ
ѧˣ
ҡҡͷɷн¡
ҽ㻹ѵң˵ﲻ㣬ڵĶӣ
ͷҲ̧ǶǸѧģң֪ˣ϶Ҳҽ̻ˡ
໹뼷䣬үˡ
һģԼϱҲƵĶ衣
λò˴ԼүԲһεģ˵Ƕүңܳ谮
ү˫֣ЦôͰ
ǲǴǳԷˣ
ࣺе㡣
ү
ѹʲôпѣǲ˷ѹˣүֱڣ⡣
ưи£һ¡
Ʒ룬졣
˵
ү֨ʹб࣬ʹɫ
ԼѾùˣ˻Ǹû۾һ
һһͽա
Ǹչмӣˣ۾ǲǳˣͿɵעⱣ
۾ܿҸ˵أôͿɫү̲ס
Ц˵ˣۣ˭Ҳ
㡭үˣȥɣ̸¡
ȴˣȥԸǡ
үһ˵ƤôСӻһͱʾϽ˵£ү޿κΣֻÿżɽ
߼ۣ
лҪ˵ңңң̥ǵķʷң~
ԪʫڽУҲС½淢һд"Ԫʫ"漴ʫдһдҵ֣ȥҲ[doge]μӣ


91 
ƲµүܿΪ˷, ȴûϵԷһھҪ
˺γԣ
ѽ, ƣһ˲˵һ, ͱװͿˣʵ, û뵽ү߻Ʒ, صָ㣬˵, , ܾܿͱϴĸ˽ˣ, Ȼүӵ, ʱû, ܱ֤̤ؼҴҲǰȫ𣿡
¶˼ɫүٽ
㽫һ·ȥҪȴӷȥ򱱾ɣǱҪת, ƲܻϺ, мᾭ·, ˣжĻϲͼıģжɱ˲գ۵ģܱ֤ƽȥЩ˿ɲǽٲƣҪģǸط, ٷһңһϺ˲ãϺ֮أȫйܲڸʶİɣ
Уһ˵һ·ƽû˸Ҵ⣬ڷأڶʡأ
үǰѹɤ
ձ˵ĵ̣ҪĶܵòǿǻٳ㲻ϵ벻ӣǸڵ㣡һţֱǰһɣթɣҪ۵ҽҩѣⲻ÷ծûǲãʱ򣬿ɲ˲ˣ
˵ͷͷǵһ̯ǹؼҸĹˡ
֮Ƶͷȴһתô֤Լõ֮ձ˾Ͳ֣
ү幫ڷ㣬ȻҲǸģгүҲЩ飬ʱֻҪǴãͲ⣬ⶫ󣬳;棬ˤţһ£ȱǣϡ䱦ҲͳǧźҶղع棬ʵڲ³
ƣϡ䱦пкʵļ۸ȥ
үЦư㿪Ǯҵ޷ܵø䷿ͳԴöȣϾҲһСҪģȸдǷǲɲɣ
үɲô˵ҴһʼͲԸΪܳԲõķȥҲ㲻ҪһУⶫ֣ͷҵǮȥ㣿
պΣҲɹһΣ磬سѹֶүСǧٳ裬Ӧ
һתɡ
˵ӦҲôģҪۣŪһ˶ȥַɣ
һһͣ·Ѿͬѷһ
ˣܷ˵һ䣿
Աָս˵Ҳʮ㡣
үǣııȥܸϴԴ磬ȻһʹֻԼ¡
˵ɡ
Ц˶֪ûоΪе̰֮ģκ̫үµģͻ˵Ҫ򣬵ȷΥ̫үɹؼôˣ˭ֱĶ⣬ҲΪѰ
үüǸջҾˣˣĪҪŪҡ
ࣺһ̣˵ţţƬ̡
⣬϶뵽ô벻
Ȼһڶŵˡ
Ǵү
үһү޾͵Բۡ
ð϶Ҿ֪òȻʵһӻˮ
үɫ磬˵ʲôͿԴţ趼ûúüҴк㻹ˣ
үЦԺΪ۾ͶĶ
үʲôģ
үһֵҲ̽ģ
ֵ˴۵Сۡ
үûӣүƨɸƤһûϣֲÿ
ۿ̸Ҳвȥˣүֻǡ
ƣȺúЪϢջҪɽүӿͷģʱȥæˣ͡
үһߣүˡ
ƣһ׮֪ûȤ
ƣˣҷˣֻǸ齳˵
үһӣ㣬ǲ˵׻լӵķȥʹˣլӣֵӣԸ⣬Ҿַⷿټүҵ̺ׯӣô㲻ɣ㶼˻ɴƱŵƱϺٶңܱ㱧Ÿܱйðɣ
ʵ˵ͦүġ
լôסô죿
үںҪּ𣬵ʱǳȥסˣҲ
ƣˣҿǿǡ
үͷҲ£Ҿˣ̫ã϶˵ʲôʲôţ˹߻տ˵׻ţ˰ģ˳ɻ˵ҪķǮòҿʵڣԼú룬𷸺Ϳ
ˣ̲ס
ֻһЦ⻹ֻǿףϷ⻹ں棬̾
ƣлˡ
ࣺùһ㲻ʮ壬һǰ˵꣬㡣
˺ܿš
үòŵ
үֻ·ˣ׵ŵǰ˸ź
ɹŵս
ظһĻ
ŵͷ
Ƶڷ죬ܾɹŵսòƺҲɹ˲ߡ
ŵ΢΢һЦЩ飬ֹսţҲԣ˵Ͼ˵ϻ·Ժȿڳ˵ϻܸԼ׬ǮֲΪúÿ¡
輫ѣһйκҪôйܳʱ䣬Ҫôר˽̵
ƣҲס
ŵ򣺡ʲô׵ģ
ƣôŵĶѾԶԶļֵˣҾӦҲӦúܲġ
ŵЦˡ
ЦÿŵòѳԽԱ𣬼ʹŮװҲ˸еͻأ
侲ҲûʧȥǣҺܷġʵҲ֮УЩ꣬ίҰѰһ߲˵Ĵ֮ǰʧйôֱ꣬ղſķȻδҪҵһԸⳢһ£ҲȫĶ꽻顣
ƣѵ꣬ʵ˸жҪúÿһ¡
ŵףȻǣֻ뿪֮ǰȷеĴ𸴼ɡ
ǣү֮֮飬Ƶ߶߶һ˳伪ԣ޷˵أһӾ㲻Ǵ󸻴ҲǲԴǵ͵֮Եˣһĵúñơ
Ҳ̲ס֡
ıˣҲҿ£ҵΣ
㣿үǳ鶯չƿ
֮ǰǸ㿴٣ǽٺ
Цֻ˵˹ȥû˵δ
үޱ飺Ϣû㿴˼·Լɡ
ɻ󣺡ôܸ
үһһٵҹһнѣܵˣ׻ѳ飬κһߵˣпܳΪĹˣǵö㣬¶̣ѹ˸ˣһӾƽˡ
ࣺô˵پҵĹˣ
үһĪ⣺ǾǣòǾͲǡ
̵ܽͷȻ
ҾãүӦҲҵĹˣһ˼ͣ¿ӳԣů˯
ү̣˵ҲҲǳߵĹôû˵һ¿Ӿܰˣ
Ҳ֪Ϳװûָӹؼŵǰү©ˡ
ŵͿˣˣүأΪԷ˸Ѱ˸ڰүߣǰһʮĻ
ݷãºúÿǣͬ⣬Ͽȥŵõױźڿ⡣
ˡ
ȷе˵ֱһ
бһۡ
ȫѽ쵱ɿϷǲˣ黹ͦС
ƣؼҵȫ⣬㻹ֺͦǣ
ࣺⲻҲϷͦ˵ģ˵ĵǸɣ
ƣӦþǸ
˸һȴֱ˴Է˵ʲô
νȫƵ³˶³ɹʵϾǵطݾ֮һҰĲɹһ
Ҳŵ˵ĵұǼ٣ֻҪĵ棬ô˵Ͳ
룬ȴүͶү׻ˡ
˾񽿹󣬴ӷ˳ǣһ·ˤþ·ţ񣬱˵ңսίԱڴˣұ֤һʧ
ƺ㣬Ҳ
Щţһǳ㣬
٣Ķ𣿡
Զ˼²ı顣
㣬Ķ𣿡ࡣ
ȻЩҪŵΪź񣬲Ĺϵһ֮ڣ˭Ҳ֪ǲģһŵƭأ̯֣ٿҾãүܿҲŵġ
˵ܲ٣ܲٵ
үû
ͬѧӰѿ
Ӱ񣬲ű⣬ȺһѯϺ˵ԼǰȥϺﷱڰ裬ʮֻϧѧҵδɣﶨˡ
յδ⡣
ӰһۣЦЩ£뵥˵
ƣ࣬ȥʶүµĿͷʰûС
žүүǹҲδرܣ˿Ӱһ仰ȴƴӡ
Щ⣬Ҳʹ
λġ
Ŀ౳ӰԶӰһתҲһˡ
֪ǷʶһλѣҲϺþӣǸĵĴƼңֶϺ飬ϧӢţΪϧ
ƣƺûӢŵѡ
ӰͷðˣҲʶһλճɵ
ƣλӰǺװһɻʧµĳ
Ӱ
ƣйһ֮ԵҲѾã졣ȻȥʱϺҲˣСɲŮòȷǺ¡
Ӱ˵֮ж
ЦոҲô˵֮е˻ͦࡣӰ̸飬ѹʵĳкιϵ
ӰȴûЦܱǸҲԸ߶Ȼ֮У͵֮£ίҵλһλҵĴѧѧҺü죬һλˣ뿪Ϻ֮ǰϵˣһȥ˽֣֮󣬶ϣ棬ˣȥһ̸֮н
˶٣ֵ⣬ϵķҪԷΪϺϣֱ˵ǩռɣǧӱ׶ʧ鷳
ƣл㣬һῼǣǱߣͷӰΪת棬һɽݹ̫үɽ֮ȥݷ
ӰȻ
ãҾ͸ˡ
Ӱߺһ౳ʩʩȻ
үʤֻûˣͷѾʰӦǿסȥġ
Ƴ֣Ȳ衣
ɣ̫߳ˣ
ƣô㲻֪˵ʲô𣿡
ࣺ㲻˵ҲʣҲǸˡ
ƣץҹ˯á
˫ֺʮ۹۱ǱǹģƶɮĴԿա
ЦЦү¿ӵϣ;뿪ȥְɣ
ࣺǸ˵ȥ룬Զ
ƣԶǸ룬ʵ¥ΣԵλյؼң;Ҫǲصһ¥
ӣʵƼһλƯһ·׷ȥģ˭֪¥ûӰˣֲԵˣֻ㶫ôķ֣ұ
ŶԷһ˵˵ԽԽƽһֱߡ
֪˵ѵʱкܶ಻ԾС
ЩСѧʱ֮꣬඼ǿиĵˣвϸ
Ʃ˵һָͣô棬΢ϸῴָһһ
ʶƵֹ֮ͣ
һ˵ˡ
ƿЦˣζ
ҲЦˣ޺
࣬Ҿãߣ治ǸѡĵˣͻѡɴɱһǧҲŹһʲôͬѧľ顣ưٵ
Ц㲻ҵĵ˰٣ֻһԵСѣǧѻϡ̹ףƯŻȥ¥ǹҵڶǵó࣬Ҫ򣿡
ƣ㻭װȻ˵ˡ
ࣺῪЦ
ƣӰʶ
ܾȣǶԺװˣ
澪ȻǼپȣֱ̿ǰЩֱ̽룬żɽ
ʶԬ
ʣûзʣǳ
ϵúܿ죬ϵ޹ҲС
ʶôʶ
˵ع֮ȥĴϵȵشĿȴûܵػӰԸı䣬Ҳ٣˵ȷȥˣȥĴҲȥϡ
ڿǮȴѺװĳ𣬶Ǻӡһ֪㰵ڵѻڻʲôװ鲻Ǹһ𣿡
ڳʱԬ㣬˵ķӦ̫һһ£ûע⵽Ҳ֪ע⵽ˡ
ƿ
࣬һΣԬϲʶ
лҪ˵εΣ100ѼǷʷ£һܶչСĹ˵ĸȵ~~
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92 
Ѭ, Ʋһ˿
˿̵ķӦһģһ
ûΪƵĻκβ, ˫ɳԲϣ΢̳, ۾һգգ
ƻܴڵƼԼԼԼĵӰ
۾ɺƯ, βϳ, ˴һƬ̵ҶһĶ顣
ȷǸܶˡ
ƺȻһС¡
ʱʱĶ, ѧ澭͵ʦ, ǸҾܲõӣΪҾסѧУ, ʦǴС, Ҳһֻ۱һֻû, ǺӲòÿҲʢ޴йѧǴסҪһͨЦ׽Ūʱ, ʱõԵͷ, ӱ۸ò, ؾûˡҶΪǱ׽ȥɻˣֻܲ˾ϵ˫裬һŭ֮²̤ѧУһ
ܾԺƲ֪ǺӲѧУΪÿܶԼѧϰʼõǺӼд, ˳ܵѧϰݣȥҸʦǺӶҪһݿα;ӣǺڼҲܸϽȡ
ʱ˼ʤǼҾƶ˵ѧԴ⣬ຢӣܴȴ٣Ҳȥɿոһգ尾ˣǵ
ĸ棬ȴǺһʹ΢΢
࣬ıĹ߶ûС
ƴδཫóҫҲ࿴ʱֻһү󷢴ȱʩģҲû᳤ʲô᲻Ͷұ
ʱѾ֪Ǹˡ
ڹŴεĶ鹫ӣ֪ҪжŮΪ֮飬ʱˣǻ̽ŮҲûٹ
֮ˣ˼룬֮£Ҳס
¶
ҲʶԬ
ǵ
٣ôãҸԬʶأ
ະƵʱһֽз
Ǹģ⣬٩
ƽʱ˽湫һ㺰вʧȤҲĬˡ
ű˵٣ʱ٩΢΢ʱҲѿڶ
еˡ
ԺȻð⼸֡
ߣҲǾͬѧЩ죬ͽ۲졣
֣ԼһЩϸڣƺеùˡ
뵽Խˡ
࣬ﲻϺձ˵ĴѾ鲼Ǹ䣬ҵҲʶҲԬǷʶҲʲôñǻҷǵﲻ㣬ܻ֡
ƶ˶٣࣬һһͣ
㽻ȥ
ЦЦͻȻô֣أɰˣѰ˼죬ҪԸģôͳҸˣлĸ룬ӽֱ뿪죬ҾʹڹؼңĶȥ̧Ҳߣ˰ɣ
ƣá
ࣺӰ˵ʲôٶų
ƣӰֻ֮жȻᵽǵͣδزܲ鵽Ǹװ뱣סǸŹ£ô𣬽УҪκζĻᣬ˳ϣϡ
һתȻʣ㻹ǵʮߵ𣿡
ࣺǺװͬıѻֵ𣿡
ƣѻ֮ߣܿͱڣǳˡãȻôҵѻ᲻֪ѻʮ߶𣿡
ࣺʮ߶ԳĹ𣿡
ƣ֪̫ˡ֪̫ܵˣҲЩڼԣȴû뵽벶ȸں󡣡
Цǰ˵ôȦӵģѻ򾯸ʲôӰ̸ú룬׼͸Ӱ𣿡
ƣûҪԸ˰ͻϺ
ࣺˣ󡣡
ƣ󣬻ҪϺⶼҽӹܡ
üһĽڣˡ磬磿
ƣҶ硣
ࣺ˵ϴŷɣ϶ɣ磬ҷԴһǳ׵һߣֺûˡ
ƣڽɼԣýУҶס㡣
ü䣬Цгһ졣
˵ô࣬ΣԶţɫʵǹңҳ¡ֱ˵ͺˣα趵Ȧӣһѡ
ࡣ
ҲվߵԲԱߡ
˫ֳ棬ϰǰ㣬ֱͬѹȸʮ㡣
Ҳڸ㿪Ц㲻Ȱ棬ձˣ»Ҳֻǹָ㣬סʱȥ˾Ȫ֮£Ҳͬѧ꣬ĺ
ע£ɵı飬Цݽûˡ
ǣ٣ķԸ
վֱ·ƾ˸
үûʳԡ
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ϵķʢزлˣջ֪ĸ¥Ĵʦ֣֮үΪ£ƣѪˡ
շ¿ӾͺǷƵȥ˯ˡ
¿ͷʵǸƫԺ䷿һһ䣬Ҳò˯òʹˡ
ࡣ
ƽס
ߵżǰ棬ŤͷԻ
ģûΪһݻǳ
Ҫû£ҾȻطˣɽүӣӦòҪͬɣ
һ
ȭִǷվڹؼһԻˣҪȥһգ˴ҾС
ƣӾͷҷԿһ滨ƿ
غ˵ʲô
ͷҲأҡҡ֣ˡ
ʡ
Ҳ֪үĳȥŪ㣬ȥƬͿ࣬˺üСʱŨŨľٷżҰտһ£ʱϵζ
ɴҲɼǹؼòֻǿϲģ᲻ûǮˡ
ƶһ١
ﲻԡ
ɨϵĲˡ
Եø١
û

ζ϶Ź
кɣķ䡣
ߵķֻڣһƱ㿪
Ѿͷ˯ڴϣֻӱ¶ͷ
ࡣ
ȵ̫ˣһ˺Ȳꡣ
šƺ˯ǿл֮󣬱䶯һ£Դ¶ҲˣŰɣٺȡ
˾ˡưҨİڴͷȡ
۾ӵ
٣һ£װ˵Է֮ǰҪи˸Զûˣſ¶ǡ
ƣҲǳҲǺװ
еͷ΢΢һڣ¶ãһȹ⣬뵹ʾƿҺˣڿ˯ˣ
˯ɡƵ£Ҵñӡ
١
ſߡ
Ȼס
ͣͷ
㳣˵㿴͸ңҾãǲ͸һ٣Ϊֹûп壬㵽վڰϣѾϴϴһҴ
ƵڰϣһҴϣܱȱá
ҹ
ؼЪú硣
һƺ̫үϰߡ
˯ճϢ
ǵҹҲǺֵģֻؼ޹ء
ſյ⣬ؼ뾲֮С
Ҳ˯ø
һմ˯ˣĲиûüʰ
֪ɾŨͻȻȴֿסıܣֻڴ˯췭ظ
֮У
ҲԶףҲʳＱڱĴӡ
αƵƿ򷭣Ů˵ļ
Ůˡ
Ůˣ
˵ôƷΣ
ҪȥƤȴ񱻰һʯͷƲ
¡
౻һ
ָŶ˶
šüë۾ȴһ
¡¡¡
һһ
ѣ
ƣˣ
屻ҡΣ͵һƤڷֿ
ǴĿĹߡ
šüͷºۡ
ҡȴôԽ³һЩ
߬סԷ
ʹ
֣
ֵͲϻΡƾúЩۣҲƽʱơ
ʲôʱˣ㻹˯Ѱ
ȷ֣ˣ
˭֪ǲͬı
࣬׷š
˵˷жģҲȫİġ
ͷΧˣǿֱܷ߬סǹضү
̫Ѩǽڻ
۾Ӧ֮۱ǰЩˡ
ؼλүĸкι£ȵȡ
׷ʲôһ˵
϶ϱˣ
Ҳʧˣ
ˣ

ͷʹ֧岦Ⱥһ߹ϵѲɡ
ķűģƻˣ϶˴ӣܲԼΰӰȥ
үżôɵ㶵ǵģ
үǸľģʲôã˵ϻƭأջȳ²֣ѷߣʡñǡ
үסƵ½
ȥĶˣҪ
лҪ˵εΣϣǰ100ͺ~~
жӪҺ͸Ѽ˱Ҳ㡣
ԪʫڽУҲС½淢һд"Ԫʫ"漴ʫдһдҵ֣ȥҲ[doge]Ѽ


93 
, ˺϶, һؼ˵顣
Ƶͷһۻ
ʱ㣬°, ѡ
ؼֵȫˡ
ү֮, Ҳק˹, ûƽʱϰĿ̵, ˫ʱʱڷֺʹ, ͼһϤĹߡ
Ʒֱ̫Ѩ۾һصĻƿͲɵԿ, ˵龭
챾Ҫιֵҹ, ҲΪԼ˯þ, ˭֪ûãүɱһĽɱɱˣһӴ, ˼ܹ, ƼүڵϵĶ̡
Ȼ, ɱһǴүԲģιʮӣҲôݡ
ү˵ʱ򣬿үǺ˰첻˵һ, ֻƻ˯ûˣȥǰŲ쿴ƽʱ˲ĺڣû𻵣Ǵ汻򿪣ͳ˵ؼڼ飬Ӳ
ү˫Ŀ࣬ǿᣬһһ飬󲿷ʱͿŵϵĻƿƬżݺݵƣƺҪȥݺҧһڣץֵԹ߶йϡ
ү˯죬Ŀͣһ̫飬״̬ģ
ԬҲˣʸȴδվűߣɫء
ˡ
үϱϵʬ屻үޱʱǸ
ޱ֮£ңڴ󿪣ĶǶէй°ҲѵȸƸոۼģλ̵״ȷ˱|
Ҫ˵Դ󷢣ŮЯ
϶мֲףͽͣ
үĴɤͻȻðһ¸ǹੲݵү
ԺӸԺҲж·̣ϱΪδҹ˯ܵ˼Ժ֪ˣ˵̹ľδʳϰ߲ϰߣ֪ģ¾Ҫҽ˰ɣ
үҧ֨
ү״ЦòҸ˰ɣҵ濴Сҹůأȴû뵽ɱʬᱦӣ
ģ
үŭһүһȭ
ү⧲ȭŵź˼ӦҲȥ
˶ʱŤһš
˶ˡ
үߵȥţ䲻ҲһȭӴӴһƨڵϡ
ͣҲܿŤɾŶԷ½
ֻ۾һݺݶסԷȭͷãʱݲϡ
ǰȰܵ࣬һһ
е˵Ҫ٣е˵˾ҪȶթӲ鲻ҵе˵òʣȱᣬôȥؼ¾ͱˣСǵĻ¡
ΧȺ֮еĶүһ۵ؿ˳һѱһᣬһ߿޻һߴأ˵Լ࣬˵̫үߵʱûԼҲߣϵţ˶۸
˵϶ɱˣٿްʱõסˣͷԷȫǹؼģ
磬ɩˣܲеģǱٻ˽ˣôи³̣
ģ϶ûģľͲԶǰͽֺãԼϱ͹֮ⲻھƣҪô
ˣ˵䣡
ƹॣ
סɤӵĹѼʱһ»ͷ
ϵĲͨͨɨȥϡﻩһ䣬ϻƿƬǿĿƽ
ոӰԼãʱȥǱ߻ңڲҾ԰ЩͱȥôҶ
ƽ˵Ļȴɹ˱졣
ССһɼž
ŵģȰܵģԱվſϷģڰգһӰǿаͣ
֮
ֱү䡣
үʧ֮£Ҳŭ׷
㣬ҹΪλﱻɱʲô

үſڣոձүƵѪŸоۣһ¡
⣬ǶүҲӱܲȥġ
үʵʱôӦĿٴμϣȴݲӱܡ
ȥ֮󣬶Ƿȥ˯ţ˵ڸ֣ţٿһǷӣôȰҲȰû뵽˯֮һ˾͵͵ȥˣҸû뵽ľȻȻ
үҧӣ˵ȥؿ
үЦ⻰ҲƭƭСӡҹȥԺӣ͵͵ȥΪ˿һ۷֪ԿףȻˣΪβܹ컯մ󷽷ȥ˵ѣҲ˵˲͵𣡡
㣡
үһ죬үͻȻ⣬һ仰˵ϣү֣ȴҲûֵɡ
һʱˣⲻû͵˶ˣǻô
ȾĶүţЩ飬ˣ˭Ҳû취
ү֮ҵࡣƣӦ˽⣬ôҵˣ˵ɡ
û˵
һеôģ
һ룬˳
ƿˣԿûˣ֪Կڻƿֻ࣬Ӻܿ͵ġ
ϵȴǸ⡣
ţļƻ϶ûкϣ£Ӳȥ|ϡ
ºƯҪʲôŮûУǹָԸǰͺ̵ģһϸ㲻ʲôûҪô
ǼȻ࣬˭
ѵм仹б
֮ǰ֮
ֻߣͬ
Ʋ̧ͷĿͶվűߵԬ
ɫЩ仹δˣյЩߡ
Ԭſڣڣ˿塣
ԬôӦӦñ٣
ƺȻ
û뵽Ԭɶſڡ
ԬҲû뵽ƻԼһʱĬ
үסж˺ձڳҪȥ𣬲Ǵ»С볹ִ󣬾͵ÿ͸λү˼ˡ
ƵҲ룬ȻˣȵҼ˵ɣȻһһҪɽ̫ү
߰ɣ
үݺݵ
ǶԷ⣬Ϊ˶ž󻼣ֱĴ߷ѳƱٺϣֻǺײǵĺ£ɱ֮
ƱȻԼظһո˵Ļ˭ţľ˾裬ҲչǾ˾ˣôԸһˣҲԼľ˾ˣ
үԶԡ
˺ˣүԲģһʶһȱֵңңõɥҲҪٰ죬õ߲ãһӦڣҲô׼ң
ջϲɽݲ̫ү
ΪүϷߣֱĴȲ֡
ϿүֱһӰ˴ȥ
ڵϸϵʬ
䣬ʬһʱỹ仯
὿۵ݣϧź
ү϶¶ı顣
ޱ£½󳨣¶ʵظ
һȦϽڵٺۣظҲЩҵָӡ
ƿ°ޱ
үɿһۣ˵˾Ѫ˶Ź
үûܴصıϿʲôߡ
ıˡ
šţô
ϰٺۣ°ûУӶû˺ĺۼܿܲǱ|ֱ֮󣬹|ӡ
үΪҪôɣ
ƣ
ⷴ˵ɵġ
֪ʧ֮󣬹ؼ˵һɵһ࣬ԲŻһ٣Ѻ֮޻˳ٸͷϿ۸
Ҳ˵֣Ҳһġ
ôָʶ𣿶ԷΪҪô
һ⿪µð
Щ飬ûҵ֮࣬ǰ˵ٶ࣬ؼҲţǹضүһһֻ೥ÿιȥˣȻ֪Ҫɺá
һ˼˼Ӱ
֪֮ʧ٣ӰܾȣԼο֮󣬾ƺһϳϾУ참ġ
СӰŴǰתͷԼοʡ
Թ󸮷ĲңҸеźʲôҪæģ߿ڡ
΢΢ףлӰүѾ˽ӳʱˣܿӦûŲѯģּǼȻҵ֣ȴҳ軵ˣʲôᣬֻ˽ߣĲ⣬һȥѸ˽ġ
ӰΪ棬ĵھȻҸ˵һҲѰɣ
ûȵƵĻش
ӰԶȲƵĻشˡ
˲䣬һɾ޴λ±ֱӽϳᶥըӰ
嶼֮С
𺣺
Ҳʧȥʶ֮ǰܿľ
лҪ˵һֱưżһ뵱ʱϵıʱ£ʲôõĿ~~
ͺǰ100ͺжӪҺ͸Ѽ˱Ҳ㡣


94 
һܳΡ
ǰ, Ųͣ
Զľͷй, Ǳʶ֪յĳڣֻҪߵ, ԼͿ԰޾·;, յõꡣ
ʼ߲յ㡣
·ޱ޼ʵĺڰ, ;Ҳǹ⣬ϸϸ, ·ָ, 飬, ˡ
Ƶ, ʱڵĵΡ
Щϸ, ƽնѾ벻ˣ˿ȴξӿ
ѧʱһΣǿεʦǸСͷȰֻ, ÿſζҪǽôһֻ, Ӿ̼, ûġСͷܰЦһڿϴ˯߹ȥְβͲݲڶԷȻش⣬˯һͷˮվʱβͲݻҡҡλ, ԴϵĴǣȫôЦ
СͷҲͦϲ࣬ƲֹһƼУ԰ߣСͷָ洦ɼЩľʲôʲôʲôҩЧܲܳԡ
ʦӡ񶼲ҲǣƯִ˵С꣬м˻᲻ϲ

Сͷˣ
˵ȥһըһڵнĴѧҲȥѧ̽ŮСͷͷϡ
ȻƲϸ룬ʶӿŲһҪ󿴣ͷҲأ񱼡
ǲ졣
ԽԽЮϯĿֲ
ĿֲǰһжᱻݻٴΪ촷ۣ
ȨǮλٻĿֲǰһܹ⡣
ǹδȥƬΣﳡǰӹӰգۼţϤģϤģѪҴҹͣ·ڴˡ
ֻ֣߬ס󲿡
ߡ
ܶ죬һʱȴ벻
ҪѭȥȴѲߣ
û˵֣ȴѡ˳ԼģԷǰһ
ûйһ
ʱϣδؾϣ
ס֡
̧۶꣬ȴôԷӡ
ԽԽԶҲůĸо˵˵ȷԼվ
еż뿴˵ģΪԼӦʶԷģڣҲ벻
㵽˭
һĵ׶תתȦȴʼ²
߬ԽԽ󣬴Щʹ
̲סг
ΪĽгʵȴֻƺһ
Ŀ۾϶͸룬̵˫Ŀۣʪ
˺ü룬۾
иվڴߣɿ
ˣʶ𣬻ǵԼ𣿡
Էڴ£еƵġ
һ״Աݡ
һ׼ȷ
ңôˣ
ͷʹѣӦЩٶۣѡ
ԴܵײӦ΢𵴣ֱ۹ۣʯ࣬طײˣûˣˡ
ҽձϣĲ
Ǻˡ
ˡ
Сȥ;зը
ը󣬵Ӱλ±ֻӰ׶༪ˡ
ʱӦܿ죬ʱ򿪳š
䵽Ϊֹ
ĵˣȻǵðûʿµģȳȥϢˡ
šƺסҽҸʱץҵʲô
ҽͷҲߡ
ץ֣Ūˣ
࣡
ԷͣסŲҪŰѡ
һһ٣ߣ˺Ҳ߲ˡ
״ժ¿֡
Ȼࡣ
ȻϻӴ˸ױһ۾ƣȷࡣ
٣ǺôҲ÷ͬѧһαôģ˵ҪٸвУ
ƾеͷΣֳͷߣ˵Щ
֪ǷױݵԵʣҲе㲣°Ͷɫ
˵ȫ
ңָԼҲջСʱҽԺͨҽԺ㲡ҲûпˡڷѾ챻Ƹ׳ˡ
ƣΪը飿
ࣺ˵ԭҪһλҪĴλʱıг̣һݣ㣬Ծֵ㵹ùˣЩǶѲߣ⣬ܿӦû̽㡣
ƣҹȥˣ͵˭
Ц㲻ҵǱҿؼҵʮа˾ŻΪҸɵġ
ɵı顣
ˣʱȣҲЦˣ򵥸˵䡣ҹүɵϱ͵ҷˣұ׽Ūһ£˭֪˵ڶˣǰүǸŵˣ˵ͰѺϸˣס͵ȴвץˣҲɱңֱӾͰҸδߡŵΪζԹؼϤӦү
ұΪʲôҲɱңѲ֪ŵͬıģһˣ˭УôңƣС㣬û뵽ɣȻǶ˻쵽һȥˣŵ˵ʲôͷһȴҲСҺúóԵͷ
˵ȭִԼ
˻Ƶζ
ˣ
ࣺû£ҷ˵ӳعؼҿ㣬˭֪ȴ˵˵顣
ԣķ֣Ͷ΢̣е㳰ûŵ򣬴ڷҩһ𣬷Ҳע𣿡
ʼ磺㲻Ҳ̽Կ׾ͷڻƿǱ˴˱˴ˣҲʲôҲҵĴ㣬Ǹ£ϺһʹҸмҪǻ뷭ˣҲԣɲ
ơ

ɿϿ֡
һ̣ű򿪡
һĻʿ˫̿롣
ûƿˡ
࣬ΪԷҽͦòʺá
ҳԷͷ첽뿪
̽Ƶͬʱϲ֪̽Է㡣
̶һڣвԼ͵ŵԼ۵Ĺڷܣûü˵
ƺҲû̯ơ
֮ڣ˽ߣȴң
͸ʲô֪Ҫʲô
ڷϣʾԿ׵ڣĬԷ֣Ϊʲô
ǰҪ£Լ飬ʲô˼
֪ԼҪԷ֡
ԣ
Ǹʿ
ղŲǻʿʶԼȴû¶ɻ󣬸ûзʣͲһʿΪ
̣Ҫȥƻ룡
˿ѾߵҽԺϾլӺ档
ͷһҪҽԺ
ȴ˰ס
ʲô
ҪȥܿΣ
ֻδ˵¡ͷ
ԷԼ̧ͬͷ
ҽԺ¥
Ǹ
ըܻӲ͸춯ÿ˶һ̧ͷȥ
Ѿ޷˿ĵľκˣ
лҪ˵εΣҪе٣ҹ~
ͺǰ100ͺжӪҺ͸Ѽ˱Ҳ㡣
ԪʫڽУҲС½淢һд"Ԫʫ"漴ʫдһдҵ֣ȥҲ[doge]Ѽ


95 
үʫ֮, ع֮, ͱˡ
֮ǰ̫ү, ж붥, ˶Ĺ, ʱĹؼңȻҲսû, չʻ, үӸҪϵݰֵҲеСȨ, ùؼڷȵ, ա
֮, Ƕʡ츲صı仯ʫ֮ʶǸѷ֮, ЩϤ, Ҳʧ
µ, үȥˮů֪
⼸չؼҽӶıʣùʫ֮糹ױ
ֽǮڻȼ֮ҽƮĴǣϵȥĳһģһ
ֻ, ιײŵˣĶɩ
ǸƯ˵εΣȴŮˣˡ
ؼ˶˵Ǳġ
䲻Ҳûҵˡ
Ƴ¡
ȥ·ϣըϮ
˾ըʫ֮ͬѧӰˣԲѣҲ׶༪١
ʫ֮ȥҽԺ̽ӰƣߵЩȻˣû󰭣ʱҲͿԿԺˡ
ڹʫ֮뿪ҽԺĸգؼ˾˵ڵҽԺըըصܻƵĲ
ι·һˣֶֿΪҽԺѾշˣΧ˵硣˵˲صģ˵ʬɶѳɶѱըҵģˣʬιҲʣҲȥһ˵ؼ˶ˡ
һ棬үȥ֮󣬹ؼǶүڳ棬ȻϴҲδطڵҪǳʱûһóүƽﳬףһӦһĨڣү͸˵ˡͻȻүһ겻񣬾㱣һ䣬ʱ޷Ƶ١
һ棬Ϊɥ˾ôʧټǣ˵ȥ˭ţοҡҪǹһҲͰˣƫƫҲõؼ˷ҽ˼룬ûһɣֻýҰ£һһա
˾£ʫ֮òӲͷƤ棬һȦѯƵ䣬ȴû˸ͬѧӰ֪Ҳû·ʫ֮ͷɥվڹؼſڣزã̻̲֪ȥ޴֮С
ʫ֮վ˰죬һͷɳ̧̾ߡ
տżүԶү˵磬ҿɩɥ£հΪãˣ̧ɽɡ
үģãү⻰ʱȻŭ
ɩңֶûץϽڸ࣡
үĳ磬ҸɩȥҲ֪ɩǺۼҴӵȥ֮û˳ƶ䲻ҷ뱣һ£ʱǼʱʱɩᣬתΣΪҲϣؼҴӴ˾͵ù˰ɣ
Ĺƨ
үߣӾҪˣȴүǰһȻƽ˳۵үǰ
϶ĸ˵䣬õ飬Ҳѹͷ۷׷ף˵²ˣǲܽصģǹؼʺ˵ؽҲû±صøϽԷҹζ࣬㲻ΪԼ룬ҲΪԺĻ룡
үͻȻ˵ôһƪۣʫܾ֮ȡ
ϸһ룬ƺҲе
λСɩûʲô飬ô˵Ҳ˵һ䡣
磬ҵȰɣҪۼԺһ˳ǶɩȪ֪ҲƽϵġǷڶյ㶫ҲͲ⼸ˡ
үɫ׽ӣȻ
ǰɣ
˾ôִٶ¡
һ磬үкҪϵɥ׼ˣʱ֣˸׳С̧ľʼӹؼҳɽߣлʱƸТТ˳ǣᦴүԬΪؼҴһ·š
ճûãү͸о
ǣôͻȻôྯ죬ĴʣǷʲô𣿡
ϵɥºƵʧ٣ֵùؼ˺ιº͹ʫ֮˶ѽղš
ˣү˵үը飬ЩԸĳλȴλʱ˳ֵүùΪ£ڶϣ˳ȥ϶ҲҪѲġ
Ԭȵһ˿ţûһţЩڹؼҵĴڣۣȴɻȱؼҼֵ֮ЩìܣҲûֵԬȥ
үһǣȻǳǣ᲻ᱻ̲飿
Ԭ̲ǿ϶ģײͷʬ壬ܴܲˣӦ޷ġ
ûãĻ͵õ֤
Ŷ˱ƽʱ༸ѲأˣŮ׶ҪļûŹƿ첼һ˳ģǽкҪ̰ĲֱӶһ룬ӵҲֻܰԽп࣬аԹԡ
үǱˣ֪أûȹľǰ˾ӭȥЦλѲһһ졣
ԾǮλٲҪ
أѲ֮һľʡ
үԱţǣǹؼҵģȸصʢҲǵʿ𣬱еģλǵá
죬ᣬԷ̬ȻҲò١
ԭǹүӵĹؼңȻϵãλĹүɣ
үҼǵϸϱȥ˵ˣ
үҲҿ£
û뵽뻹ӵүһ֣͸𱣼ɣԼߣϽת䡣
λλľɵҼҶɩǰռȥýռʱǵðȥᣬλ£ɵȸţҹһӭ
ҵүҪΪ⼸ճ˴£ֵǷ꣬Ƿ˾ѣǹľҲǿһۡ
үȻ׸Ƕûкأľδǰأͷλ֣
˺Ų׸һǣһŲҰײҰ׵ӳ
¹ܺǰжɫݣ˭˶}ûš
ѲҲ࿴Ҵɨһ۾͵
үѶҹøʱȻɾ͵ͷҹˣ
лѣлѣ
үǹֵлϽ˺͹ľǡ
˵һŮӲټϹľ˸̧Ҳס
ɲ֪ģܾļ̌κһ߶Ҫء
ľôòʲôԩɣ
һ̧̲סֹһ
Աүˣһסߴǣ߿㣬ǰȥؼһоϯλǿɵðѹļ̌ȵˣǧ£ײ飡
صѡںõģɽ׵Ҳ˳ֻǵʱô㲻ţַɫͻ䣬ۿʱƹۿҪһꡣ
үּգ¸ϲȥصҹȻײΣԼҹһȺһҹĿɾҪˡ
ʱԬˡ
үȴ˻ȥɣҿҹҲ⡣
үɣס˯ģʲô
ԬϴŸǰ治ԶеʱҸ̫үҹʱĲ®㹻ڷˡ
үһæǾˣջظһôǸú׼ϯͣ
ԬˣԼˡ
үǣ˵öԣԼˣ
࣬үæˡ
ߺ󲻾ãȻСꡣ
Ԭûмȥ꣬ȥǰڹľϵֳƿ׸ǡ
ԼҲʹ㾢סľԹ
Ҫүڴˣųһë
Ƭ̣ľﾹҲ
Ų죬ԼƵĿ
лҪ˵εΣҹϣǰ100ͺ~~
Ȼûǣȫ̶½ˣҪǱýһ״~~
ԪʫڽУҲС½淢һд"Ԫʫ"漴ʫдһдҵ֣ȥҲ[doge]Ѽ


96 
һֻץϹײıء
޳, ԰, ݣʱ΢
Ҹ˴һ·ô, 㶼˵һѡ
Ǽ, Ԭ׸ֶһЩ, ǿͷͼ̽
˻
һ
Ԭôˣ
ࣺҺŶүϱؿˣ˼عǸȶ˰ɣ
Ԭ
û, ְק
㣡
ǻƻŮô, ־ֲأҹû, ѩȥʱ, ûô, ǻ˵ҲУڵ˭У
ˮתԬ̲ס
ƽչ˶ΪǸư, Ҫүǿưһһ, ΪԬˡ
, ԬʶԬ
˵ˣԬ죬ҹͣЪ
ԣ֮ǰڹؼң̫үߺ, ûһпڵ
ܸϴСˣ͹ͷۣһС˾ܷոðҪǰմǸëܳ˵㹤ڴ㻹δҶ֣
˵ôĻ϶ؿԣӹײֱ֮һˡ
˰ɣ㻹ܴ֮ǰҽԺͷҪһ㣬ֱܽȥͶʱͺÿˣ
ԬԼ˵꣬ɫͳ
ƯްЦʱ򣬿Żͦ}˵ġ
Ԭӡ
ʱɱˣʧȥսѣԬʬɽѪ򣬺׼һðѪɱ
ʱ࣬ɱħɱħħ裬ǡ
ʱ࣬ᣬܺãܱϼʮ·Ҫ࣬ڿѾɹ»Ұ֪ε
ط֮࣬һۼԬϲ
ģǰûǹɾȻȴǰҪࡣ
·ʹžԲţ͵Բڿ죬ԶҪϸ˯˴춼ﻹǴǰʮ˺ֲҲ治ɫࣿ
˿̣ûЦмִǰˡ
ܿƣʲôϵ¼𣿡
ε֮سһˡʡ
Ԭüʧķ˲ɣڹؼɱ϶ϱ֣ȥʲôţƶôҪ
಻֨
Ԭ㲻εǰųţըˣãըձˣըӣǺأסԺҲûһôӰߵýӰˣƸձʲôɣǹ̫үѪףûаֿɣȻҲϣƽ¡
̾˿֪ص֪ͬͬҲһ֪϶ձ˹ϵýã˵ЩҶ֪һۣըѪģҲǰȥ㲻ȥһۣǲܰĵġģִ֪磬˵ҲϤʱܻҪæ
ԬΪǸ̵£Ƿ꣬ĴѲ˼ҰͲӳ㷴ȥǲӻˣ
Цˡ
Цɣǧѹû
һڣԬȴЦ
ʱ򣬾Ѿûˡܻڣ֮ң㻹ҸɵԼɵ£
Ԭһʱԡ
ʱΪԼӵ
·Ѫ˿ȫðҪǮƵģ
Ȼ
һ꣬Ȼö˶˻ڡ
֮ط꣬˴˱þϲԼȴһ
Բס
ԬƵڶ˰죬һ̶һС˿˿ʼ顣
Ӵʶô꣬ͷһ˵Բסһ֣ɱ˵ɣͷʮ¿ӣǷҵģҲС
ԬЦҪǮëûĹ
ࣺǿɲҼ統ң
ŶĹϢˣ˿ʼײᶫ
ǰʬ壬ʬĶ
Ԭ̽ͰͣͳһɫССڽűߣֿʼ͡
ٿ࣬Ҳһ㶯
ͳӹײĻɫС
Щڹײĵײ׸ţʬһţ˭쳣
Ԭ⿪С顣
ղſֲֿ̰ġ٩
Щأܻ
ԬͷҲ̧
棬һƬƬ΢ƵͻƽƬ֡
ڻϽػĵ񾭣Ҳһģһ
ȻأΪζүҲУʡ
Ԭ̫үųԻ˵||˵ܰжߣһ㣬˵ע⣬ܰȳ²֣Ҳ
ࣺô˵õҲ||֮һˣ
ԬһҲ̫ү⣬ʶĿһ˰֣Ҳֻı˶ģ˳ʵʩƻ
лҪ˵εΣˣָ
ǰ100ͺ
Ԥ棺𲽽ҿҲط~~




97 
ƻ, Ǵӹ̫үǰͿʼġ
Ҳǵɽڹײĵǰһ̲ȫ֪
ûƭ
ؼҵȷ̷
ʲô̶ȣ
ҲǼ, ûư֮ǰĲƷ, 踸ҲǸϲղعŶ, Ҽ, ŴʯӽҲкüӣЩҳû֮Ҫ, ȫңծ֮, ܼһѧ
ؼҵļҲ, Զֹڴ
ؼҴӱǨ, ִǨ, һ·շתʧ࣬ϸ㣬˹үȥ֮ǰ, ʣʮ֮һ
, ĿҲܾˡ
үӽһЩֻɢȥ, ųҪЩѰһһǮݣ˸ÿһݣ, ˴򿪿֮ⷿ󣬿үµĶ
ؼԶԶֹЩ
ľЩ鱦ҪصĲƷүӼзǰʼĶڼӵƤӵһ㱻˳ȥظĹ
ƫ𼸺ǹؼҹģȷе˵ǹүӹģԬɣĹϾƿ֦жƬҶӣһ
ײ⼸СҪͳĶ
֪֮ѡȽӣźϵԬҪԬһͳȥ
͵
ͳǣݣȥȻ١
뼰ˣ಻ɵ͵Ϳ
ôԶ·̣йα֤
ԬôһֱԣҪѷҶӶȳ
ë˵òɣһڣ˾ܺһЩ
˵ţԬ̶ݹȥ
ûƿ
ŵ˵үƵķ̲ǰһ׮ţ˵ǰڷ±ԷȽɽϳԭʱؿǶɽ𡭡
û˵꣬ԬЦ
үӸģɢȥΪľǷɢ˵ע⣬Ƕͷţ
ŶǶϷƻ㱻ŵɱˣҲϵˣ
ԬŤͷޱ鶢
㣬ôҰҸɱƵģһʼǾһ϶Ͼձ˵Ĺϵãû뵽ҷҲע⣬ǹؼǼТӻΪ˷ȥŵһʵû뵽ҿСӽƻúܣŷԿ뿴֣㶼ȫΣ϶Ҳк֣㲻̫ġ
û˵
ڿڴһһ̡
𡣡
Ԭˣ̷Źײ˹˸ʱҲӻ
һۣҸһʱھԱߣӲӻһ˱ұ˸ʱôûӻ
Ԭõã˵㣡
ࣺٷϻ˵طǼٵģҲǼٵģ
ԬȻǼٵģܲȽɽȫˣҪǲɽɽƨãο⻹ּҲ˲ãԺһӵ£ʵ۵ĺԴַӾûˣ㿴λЮֵܣ˵ɽɽˣǸȡ֮ĲƱǻձȥ
ܾûгˣտʼڻԣҲһصĸо
Ǹ̹ǣǰҲżڣûĵز
ؿʹȷҪһ
һڣ
ģģֵӰת˲ֱݺһɢ
ԬӵʲôͷûУ
ࣺôҪã㶼ûң
Ԭʲôˣֲǲ֪ͶãƮƮȻԣæŰүӲضᶫأпĥǸʲôķ࣬һ͸Ĵûȣ۳ŲǸˣ
ࣺŵԳɳʺᣬڵֵ£ƱһСԵ߻أǣűߣȫʶǸǸĻСˡ
ԬЦҲǸС˵С
ࣺôûһƱǣűߣ
Ԭ㲻Ǳǣűǲǲࡣ
ࣺ
Ԭô˵ˣ˵ŵ򰡣ˣ˵ˣ㲻ССɲ
Цǲڹ
಻˵Ԭĥ
ڸձüȥûȣ˽ȴŵ͵߷ֲ뾭ձˣȻҲԼС˼ͷǲһ£ǹҧǵܰø˳
̲סˣҿŵδûбŵС˼վı߶֪ǸƣȻĸŵ˽ȴյʡ͵ĵƣ㻹ʵʵԭļƻΪأ
žડ
ֱ϶һˮ
Ԭ̧ͷɫǰҪƵ˺ü㣬ۿҪгꡣ
˶˵𣬸Ͻʰڱ괦Ԭ°ǹ£һ°ϡ
һһдʡ
ղعǲǹģԬϷһѣҹ͵ɱҲҸɵģԩͷծҪܻΪŵҧҲΪˣԬͱҪˣҧھ˰
Ԭݺݵһۣ̲סϵһá
ȥģ
ջⲻһꡣ
ոò࣬ˣӶ㵽ưôҲƬ֮䡣
ԬҲˣ㽡׳ȴ̫УڹҹĵͿʼգɫ죬¶ȴ̵ˡ
Ԭû뵽ѾܻҲһѰ˼Ͻ˱ɽȥҽһ·ɽֻ״⡣
ŵ㰡ϸɽȥҴ򣬽ҲѴٹ
ԬѾܶĲ̶ϵĻϣûյøøһ㣬ִﳶ̨һ
ѾյеԺˣտˮո¶ǣ촽еѡ
ۣ˵ʲô촽źϺϣû³
ԬûӣŤͷת˽
ʧޣŴصٽҲ©硣
־ڽδ֮ǻ˺ҲڻȪһȦǳز˻ǣ弴ѿǶȴǿ߲֣о񱻻հ޷ѡ
Ƿںüǰÿÿҹ뼴֮ɣҪЩڹ˺üӣýˣȴһδۣͲȴް취
ɼǣ۾л㱣ӳͷĴȱݣת˲ţתǿǧн
Щ˻ֲֳ|ǹ||˺ۣղݵĵˣҲе;µսѣƬ̫䣬ȴ̲ס
롣
һ±ɽХѹ
Ų߽
һһ
ѱ½Ǵķ紵һ£Ȼû

˵
ս˵ʲô
壬ٴսһ㡣
ٽһ㡣
ˡ
˵ǣԲ
߲ԣȴһ
౻ѣԺ۾ûȫ
һǹ
ǹڵĶͷϡ
ߵ硣
ˣ
лҪ˵Σǰ100ͺ =3=




98 
ԷԭٻǻԲ
ӳ, ڻº, ȴһűʶȸߣݴϵ
𷢱, ߱Ŀ, ɫ, ӢǷ
СӦϯĻɫĻ̨Ը߸, ǴƤһѺڶסԼĶͷ
̾˿, Ϊò÷ǵضϧ
뿴ҡ
ŵ΢΢һЦҲ֪ǲǺСö, , û˿ѩ֮ĺ, ſھй
ҿͺܸˡ
𣿡
û¶࣬Ⱥģ᲻, ֽ, ŵ, ԶŶ̲סֱ۾˯һ
ŵΪƲԼøԼ˵Цһ, ̧š
һ룬ۣʹС

ŵսţЦ档
ѵ𣬿˵ûУ
˴߹ǾʹܶˣҲѿ
ʹһ赱ͷµıˮֱѲ١
ˡǣ˿ڣ𣬺󱳿Բŵδּ꣬ˡû뵽ˣѾС˽ˣҪͷҡ
ŵ򣺡ɲԴˣҳҲԲ㣬˯Ҳ˯ã̲סС㡣
ࣺŶСأһεεĺǧ𣬶һܵ㣬òô˰ɣ
ŵûлش⣬Ƕס۾

ྪȣˣҰƷŵ֮һ£ڷңһ㣬ﵽʲôܣֵðգ㻨߼ֱӴǸȫ𣿡
ŵЦȫձҲˡǰѷⶼоˣûҵǸνܣȻҲ͵϶֪ͷİҶкøУϣǿԺ֪˵һҵأƽЩǮƣԶ߸߷ɣΣ
̾˿
ʱҩȷ͵߷
ԭŵ˵ʱΪ˸Ԭڻһ־磬˵עȻϣȥԬתƹ̫үµ䱦
ڶүϱҹ͵ŵĳ֣Ԥϲ⡣
ҲУ֮е⡣
Щ˵˵ˣŵҲš
οҲʲôƽֵĻ
ʹҵʲôأŵҪĵһ£϶ɱڡ
ΪޣΪ⡣
಻뼤ŭŵ
ǶԼûаô
׼ʱ䣬ֱԬ
ֳʵ𾪣ʲôأֻ˵ǲǱߴı󣬻ഺפ³ɣԲ̰
ŵ򣺡ЩƭСӵĻҲš˵ڵͬ飬λؼҵĹܼңԬ԰ɣӦϣۣΪ͵һ𣿡
ᵽԬͷһ𣬶Է˵ʲôѾȥˡ
ŵ֪ԬһԬڡ
ѱƽȶˮľʹԾɽֳȻ
ֻŵҲ
Ĵˣ£ɫܹĥѣͨҲ˿һֱ࣬ûзŹ仯΢вʱͱŵ׽ˡ
µûλԬСҲ֪СֶΣһ˵ʱ򣬿ǸˣֻȥΪԼԬİΣȰ㻹ǺúøǺأ
ЦҵбأҵĶֱͨͨҲ֪аҾ֪ǷֵǮ͵ȥˣû뵽·ɱ˵ԬҪǸᣬαػô࣬ҹܵţֱӹүһңǸ𣿡
˵Ҳе
ŵͷվ
ûһ
飡

ֻһۡ
ŵֱӳǹ
ӵûǶ壬ǲ
֪ǶԷǹУֻһв
˵ĻһֶšС˵ܽƻǧҪɱˡ
ͷݺ󾾣౻ͷ
ɫ۾ﲻǴ󺣣ȷѪĲɱ
ҾĻеҶкøеķϣֻһССľ棬һΣӵͻֱӴˡҲἱɱ㣬һҹʱģǸԬѾСϿڣҿԱ֤³Բõȥġ
ŵ˸ָ
ĸӿſܶס
һϷɡŵ
ࣺҿԾܾ𣿡
ŵţ˹ת𣿡
ǣûС
ŵ򲻹ûлǼûУ²ܵ|||ǹֻһöӵתٰۣǹڶ׼֣Է벻ȡôɣ
ࣺ档
ŵ򣺡Ǿһ֣Ҿһöӵ˵̫ûսˣô
ࣺ
ŵ򣺡ðɣˣһӵһֶʤûҾͲǿ㣬̴뿪Ҳɧ㣬ˣǺźֻȥϵ̹ˡ
ࣺҲϵۣܲܲ
ŵЦǾͿһǵʴۻ߷档
˵˾仰ºܿһ|ǹ
ŵղõ֡ڡ|||ǹ
ŵ|ǹϵӵ˵š
שʯϵࡣ
ҪϷˡ
Ҳ˵ȷʤȯգһ
ԣʲô£Ϊŵ֪ԬԼһģҲ֪ԬɽˣԷ˴ݵ˵Ԭˡ
˼ļ֮䣬ŵѾѵװãתһȦǹڶ׼ࡣ
ǿ֮񣬻᲻㡣
ŵģǹûбգֱӽʳָڰϡ
ֻ΢΢
ͷ߳ϸ
ŵ죬Լ˵һ䣺ףˡ
Ǹӡ
ƯҲǸӵʵ
ûʤ㡣
ȵȣ
ŵûֻ֣һЦ
˵
һܵж
ŵ򣺡͢أ
ࣺǹ̫үµ䱦٣ҲܹأҪǰ屦أԬ˽Һ͵˳ȥߡ֪Ǹνأֻųȥļٷġ
ŵ򣺡ƾʲô㣿
ֱࣺƫڶ޺ǿƶģ档
ŵ˸ƣȥ
һƵ죬ƺʲô򿪡
ȥ
ŵȻȥǰ쿴һ
Էܿ˷Ȼиڣ֪ͨδ
ŵڷǹ
ƾǣ޳ܵɣϣҪƭҡ
һܵ޵ģҲǹؼκһ޵ģǵ궫µĶ밵޵ģΪԼĺ·˭֪ûó뿪֮󣬾ͰܵԼʱһĸ£ԬҲе֪ġ
ŵȽȥʱȴı⡣
ţҴȥ
˫ֱᣬԼԽⲻ
ÿһϵĹͷͼڽʹѡֻܱϸ̨ܵʯס
ŵߣ֮һҡ
˵ûûˣ˵ľǹκΣվٶ֮ǰˡ
ֲָܵ
ƾֵͲִﲻ̫ԶķΧֻٶȣ˼һǰŲ
ǰʲô
һͨ⽼ҰҲ뵱Լ·һ·һͷǸңͷŹ̫үµĶ
̫үΪβˣ
úӹܣУǱ˶ߣǱƭߣ޵޲ţ繰ã׸ҡ
Цһңǹķѣס
Լ£϶һ£վɽ֮󣬹ʹǱ߾;ƷǨүԬЩͳǣ͵һǨĻӣЩʹƷһ¡
򣺡Ԭ̰˽̣
ࣺ
ԼЩ˵뷨ֻЩ鲻ס
Ҫʸʹǹ
ֹһӶƺвҽУ
ŵɫһ䡣
ʱͻȻɱĻ˭
ûôͣѾƣԬ֡
ձˣ
ûмųȥǰߡ
ȥ
౾ߵú䲻һƣģֱӴʯ׹ȥ
ŵ|Ҫ׷ȥȴȻâ
͵ػͷ
վ̨ϣӸ£һƣһ־ǹ׼ŵ
δӦƾѾ°
飡
ǹնص
öĤܣȴûȥ䣬ֻܿǽüͷȴһܾȥ
һǹ
һŵǱһǹжͷֱû
Цˡ
ǰôûзǹô׼أ
û
һǹȴûзŵͰ֡
лҪ˵εΣˣ~~
ӪҺĻǵùѼȻ¹˾ͻ~




99 
ƲǸЦ, ˽Ҳƴڻ, Լ졣
겻, , ı²֪, ʿһѧ˸ʮʮûٱֹװģ
ƱϿƵ, ʵϺĺǿ, ʲô¶Ҫ׷Ѱףҳӳî, ҪȻϴκװ, ҲӦ, Ǻ֪ûô򵥣ȴԽҳ𰸡
ûƴܣֻǹǹզ, ͨǿ
пʱ, ܼһƪĵĹʹʻЦ٩ǹ
˿, Ƴǹֺȡ
׼Ƚûа
ŵֵ֧ͲϣǽڣһƬ΢⣬Ҳռ顣
еˡ
Ϊ˲, Լۻˡ
ֻǣû˯ѣ
뼰ˣ૳Ҳΰɣǻİɣ
ǻġ
Ϊһ̣ǰǹֱӵüģеı䴥˸顣
أ
ʵ
ԼΣҲûдϣȷƵ
һ
ɣԼ˵֪ƻ᲻һǹԼ
ʹˣûڶ𰸡
Ҳ֪
оסԼͷǹһǹƤϣܿ촫ݳһʹ
ʹбˣֱ΢
һ飬أ
̾˿
Ҳֻٻشһ飬ŵˣˣҲ֪
Ц
֮ǰҲʹ㣬ԬǷʶ˵㲻ʶ
ƭҡ
ҲȫɻɣŵݵһϷ
ǾãҲɱ𣿡
ƭ㣬Ҳƭҡ
ǳƽˡ
仰û˵
΢лްݡ
ɲǣƬϷӿ
ԼҳԷвˣһȴûֹ
ƴϣԷüͷͷӶϴһ飬ȴû
ҹ̽ݣȫû˵ˣеĲУ໥ȥ
ǰŸմӲŻ׾Ϳը⧲˺ѷεľ
ϡ
ǿʤѧҵ˶ʦ佱ŮҲͬһ
û׽ŪƣҲʹӣѧͬѧϷǲ̶ǣ䣬ˣ棬һͻĽΧûð
֣Ӱ
ʵ˵һ䣬ǻС£ϱ۾ˣûɶ⣬ֻǾö˺Ƕּ
ϧʱǨϺ꣬˱˴̽ƺ·硣
Ƶĵϸȴδضһ֪
վѷ
𣿡
Ʊ֡
ܸоƵִ򿪱ա
ֻһ°
ۡ
Ȼףը֮ԼΪʲôҪһгز
ף˴š
ƣƺ޼䣬վҲİ·ˡ
ͬΪı
ڵһǹ죬ԼԴһѪ
ƻش˵Ļ
ǸҪ͵߷
ԷԽԽ
û뵽ôһ𱨵ҲźôҶֵġ
ûеȵǹ
ǹڴӶǰƿ
ŵղҪʧִˣֻʣ˺ܿɳһԴڳص䡣Ƶ
һյƱţԶ
һûˡ
װģҲǹ
ƳƺΪ
ǶÿһЩˣ
Ļ壬ȴˣŵһ
࣬һ·ҵأҿԷߡ֪ģһһʮ˵
Щģ۽ʪȣ֪Ƕǵĺ뷢˿۾
֪ƴʲô⡣
ʱ˿̣ѡ
ŵ˵ؾһֻûʲôǰ屦أ˳ƶ֮һģΪ·˭֪ߵòִ٣Щ
룿֪˰ϧС¹ϴᣬ⵹ɵ顣
Լ֧Ų˳ʱ˵ɼ̾䣬϶³
λȻߵüȴûΪ˵Ͳͷ
Ƿıô£
ǹ̫үŽȥ̫үػ֮һֱţѱϲӣҲǹүӹٰѶ˭֪үû̫үһ棬Ԭ⣬תƲĹвҷ֣Ҿ˷ߣ飬λҲ֪ˡ
ŵˣԬҲûߣ˭ҲðԿ飬࿪ʼ۾˵˵ſڿӣѸǶǵһ𣬸컨׹Ĵӻ⡣
ѻԼ˵ʱ򣬱Ҳˡ
ࣺҿ԰ѱعãֻϣλһұҲǸе̰ĵСʵ벻λķۡ
΢΢һЦǵÿˣУˣĲ㣬˵˲㡣
ֻһ仰
·
ǽ
ʹӦϴθŵ򲫶ʱµĺ֢ûȥҽҲôš
곱ʪϵľҲܿʼ֣ƽﱻѹסħ֣ӡһ޼ɵΪ
տʯֻ˵ĽŲ಻ʱĿԻص
ߵú
Ҳûдߴ١
֪Էǹûз£һֱָԼ󱳡
ø׼ȴû뵽ҪżϷ
еƣú˯һ
Ȼ޷ʵֵġ
ʯ׵ľͷȻ
ԥм
ʱе㼱ˡ
ҪЩ
ȴţ
仰ȻǸԣڶ˵ġ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ͻȻתƣ
Ҳԥ°
һˤڵɰ˰ꡣ
йعڰ
лҪ˵εΣˣе٣ǰ100ͺ~
ӦþͿ𽥽ҿˣС˸ȣһͻơ




100 
ڴ
úܼ, ܡ
һŻطȼ, ӿֱײҪҸڡ
߹аѶ۵ڸȥ, ʱʱͺݺݴƤ, ۵˺޲ڵϴ
Ƶĥ, ͷʹѣ̡֫
ûд, Ҳûа
ֻ, ҴϢ
ϢںڰзԼ
ѹϡ
ǹռ˱, ѾûŲˡ
ڰвŶ
ǹ֮, һз·عϹš
ΧȻһƬ, ⣬ƶûа˿
ֻ˹
ûˣ
ôҵҵŵ䣿
ԽȴԽѡ
ڵȡ
ƿ
ֻ, ̫Ѩһǹ
һ˰, ½ݡ
, ȴ屻
ûУ
ʡ
û
һſڣȫˡ
оѪζϻӿʹҹ̡
ǹӦòһӵ
ԥˡ
˵ԥˡ
ЦȴЦ
ոǹڶڶͷϵĸоǵá
һ, û뵽Լܻ
ʹԷһǹҲ߰˳аգܿҪǹλƷƣѹס棬ŵԬ
ʹѾܶûôˣƴȫϹͷȼһѣǿԵġ
ԬӣȻȽˣͱȻҪʼգ˰ϡ
˭
ġ
㿪ǹ
⣬Ӧˡ
ƵģƮ
ãԼԴתʲôƮ
ձ˵ĵ̣ʡ
ȻǷǵĹٸõҲǱعԱЩܻʱģЩ˱ضҲձˡ
޸֮Ƽǻ첻õġ
λ˭ƴǸ鷳
˼Ȼһ˵ڲ֮ǰǻͬһϡ
ת֮䣬˵ͷ
򹷻Ҫˣư˴ܰȻ
һʡ
ֻۣۣú˯һ
ɾԸҲݳ޵ġ
캮ضµǷ紺ûڶðκһů⣬ﻹб˪
䡣
ֱ͸衣
Ƥء
䲻һƣ
˯
ࣺ
ģܲ㣿
˯˵Ķ
ģԭ̰
ƣһ·һ·һŶղߵģ·ɣ
಻֨ˡ
ڰУĶ
Ʊµ
ѿˣǿ
𣿡
ܡһǽĵ롣
Ҳûǿ
Ȼ··ôߣȥ
ŵߡ
ͷһ
ȵȣҺߡ
ǽһһܡ
ư
ࣺ
Ҷ˳ˣ㻹ơ
ұ㡣
˵꣬ĸ첲ʾſԼϡ
෢ĶͦᣬСܿ߹˴ཫķԷм׵ȶȴɻһ
ˡ
Ҷձܣ飬Ҳ֪ؼұɥһõĻᣬί˽Ǣֳµ̯ӣҲ͵ڽֶϺߡ
һԼû
ƺˣ˵ȥ
֪Ȼ󸻴󣬵ҲԴϴ϶ϵϺǡ
ǣӵеñʧڸ֮䱣ְ磬һ׵飬Ҳ˶ҷԴ
ƣϴ϶˷硣϶ãձϾǱߵƣ˵Ҫóֹձ˸ùϵڱסϴΪŷӲܣձ̫ãѾԱûҪۏ˻ˮ
ٲҲѹúܵͣУȴാס
˵ģΪ֪
վӽ飬ᣬԴ
ôã϶Ҳжţȴûʹ
¹㰲ֻ֮ǸѧڣЩˣδ֪֪ˣҲδػ˵мһ͸ĽߣԽ̽
಻֪ƵĵƣҲ֪ܡ
ûҪ˵Щ
š
϶ȥ̫ˣ뵽ҡ
Ҳ֪϶˻ˮﵽݵöͱԼһˡ
㻹ǵӰȥɣĳըʵ֪ᷢ£Ϊǰ֪ͨҡҲ֪ըװӰλ£ҹһб󷽵λãڱը֮ʱҿԼʱܣ˼
ĲըҲⰲŵģ߻ըˣͨ£ˡûҵĳ֣Ҳڷֻӣá
оԼˣֻģģ
Ϊǳձ˵һ֣˵Ԭͬ
ֲ֣ô¡
ֱһ顣
ǲһ飬ͷҲϵҲڶ
ڳˡ
Ӱˣ磬һߵġ챬ըϣǺģһߵˣ
ƣҲұ϶ӣһߵ鷳ֱӶĻᡣ
ʱһļ
ֹ¡
ԼԼճǰ
ǰһ֣ļ˺׵ˣȥˣҲм¡
µģ
Ԭ͹үŪġ
üѹ̵شϢ
Ϥƶϡ
еġ
̲ס̧֣Ӷ䡣
;ȴȻȻת˸򣬷ϣøһ㡣
ղûбҪ
ɫǹ׼ɱҲݣһľˡ
ࣺΪλᵽ
ƣõϢүҵ̺һܡ
һ֣ôһϵģ
йǰ屦صܣ
ƣǰҲû±أүһʲôҪĶԬҲҹܵӰ˺Ҫһǣõŵ֮󣬾ʹһ·ٸϹϣ֮ǰεͷ䱦Ū֡
ࣺոұ˸׼
ƣ֪
૵û뵽ֱӴʱգҲ޷ȫŪףﵽʲôǣлҳҡ
㡪
ܸпܸжܼ
ԽԽ͡
סսЩ
˭֪ԷҲߡ
ƺƵ˵һ䣬Ҿ֮Уת޳пܡ
ԬǲǾʶѶŪȥ˭ڽӦǡ
ϣԼҩԼ֮Ĺ⾰ԷǲǾʹ㶫һУӴԶ߸߷ɣ
ٳûпڣĪģЩȥ
Ϣ޹ġ
ĴÿҪϹ̼
һδ
ֻк΢΢ģ»Щ
˵Ǿܾǲܾ
лҪ˵εΣˣǰ100ͺ~
ӪҺĻǵùѼȻ¹˾ͻ~




101 
һ, ࡣ
ͻȻιȥ, ߺȻЦŴ˵ԼڿЦ
Ͼľ
һѽƿ, Դɫ, Լһ, پĴ˵ı顣
ֽԷǽ, Ϊ, Ϊ
ٶ࣬ҲƱ仯졣
һ, ûε, ҲûȴЦ, ǴһͷһϸҵĽŲ
ƷӦ죬һǹȴԱߵƣ
žһ£ΨһĹҲûˡ
ԷƱ, һû졣
ڲ֪ǵ֮ǰ, õѡ
ʶҲס
߬סԷ
, ӦʾԼûд󰭡
ǲߴˣ
ǰԶ˵
ѹܴͣǶС
Ʒֱ治˭ֻüϸ
û, Ǵӳڽģ뵱Ǵߵģ
һ˾Ͷ֪˭ˡ
ˣƣС㡣
һֱûס
ҵĲȫСᵱ¡
ЩССĻҲ㹻֧ڳԴöٻĥ»ʱг
޷ˣҲǲŮļ޵ľʱˣ¶飬ֻҪ޵úãɻӽڡ
СƫƫҪ辶żǧ˽Ǹһɳꡣ
˵Ů˱ϲŭ޳ƢԹŹ֣˽Сʱ;лԸŮаǣû뵽תתڶǣϡ
յƵĹ´£ճǽϼ߰һӰ
˴ͨصʱ׼ģһ·Ըˣһ·Լӳȥһ˶ţһҶˮʮ¡ؼؾڸͷ֪ˣȻԬ˼ڸţ
Ƶƶ
һʼ֪ܵĶ˰죬ҺԬ˼Ͷǣ
Ԭ˼
֡
֪Ԭ˭ֱ˵ľԬ
Ųƴģˡ
Ԭǣǲ׶༪ˣ
ͷԺӹ΢΢һְס
ಢԬͷ಻סֻԡ
ǹֱӿ˺ܴѹȭִüͷ
ȻӰΡ
ƵǹһֱţŻ
ûǹΨһԬĶ̵
ܲ˵ġ
Ҳûܡ
ΪҲõĻᡣ
ڵᡣ

ƺȻ̴ټС
ŵʬ塣
˸ܹȥ
򣡡
ƹ£Сŵ§ڻ
ͷϵѪ
Ŀɫ˫Ȼʧȥ󣬱һۡ
ڣ
ƲܵǷӦѰ
Էʬ屸𺳵һ̣õĳֻᡣ
һӰ
˹ȥ϶ذŴ˵ĺ󱳣һֱֻ۸϶Է˷Ӧ߿ǹʱԴȥǹȡʱ䣡
ʬˣһѴӶԷǹ
飡
ҵǹӶ
ǹ࿪ģǹƵˡ
ûˣǹֱӴڶԷյϡ
ʱڰ
ͻȻڰ˲ʧȥжϣǹ֣Ҳаʱжϻң࿪ǹˣǹٿ׼ԵٶһˣԼҲƱػᱻʣµ˴ɸӡ
ѵƴ𣬾ܸԼͬ飬ҵ̵Ļᡣ
ڰУ˷
Ƴˡ
סÿһڵǰվλͿܻеĶ
ЩӰͬǰ֣֮ȥܹڶ̶̰ڣ֣ˡ
ڰУ̱ӣಲ
ֻܴж϶ֵλá
ӵˡ
ȭԺʶƫͷܿŤɨȣжԷߡ
ɣƬֱ̲ͣȥ˫־סԷԴݺһŤ
һ£û˶
ǹҲ˳
ҽͣΪԽԽ١
Է˵ԼˣǹҲҿǹⷴƵơ
𶯣
Ƶͻأ
Ҳ;ǹ׼Դķ
ͬʱ
ġ
Ϊһǹ
ǹˣơ
ˡ
˾ǹ
ƿһǹơ
ƿһǹࡣ
м䣬ĳЦһ¡
£Сҵĵơ
ļѪ
Ƥһ
Ѫǳɫϣơ
ǹˡ
ո֮ʱҲԷˡ
仰˵ǹˣ˱ļӺڰ˵һֲ
˵㵭ƼֱҪˡ
ɷף˫ĿѪ˿һµƣѾϺ̲Ļ·ɡ
ǹȻҾɱ
ǹ׺ݺһ
ʹС㣬ֳΪҳߵ٣֮ǰǣĻذȥαطŴϺӲܵȷأ
Ц˭ɱģǲ㣿
ࣺǣʱѾˡ
ѣĻֻܹ
ǰ䣬ȴǶ˵ġ
С㣬ֻҵеͬѧ֣вңʵڲǸǵľٶƵǹûз°֡
Ц𣿡
ָðͳϿһǹǹڶ׼ĺס
ƺߣǹ˲
Ƹո벽ĶҲͣס
Ů˷ˡ
ͷһʼδ
㲻Ļвʱ򣬾Ӧõһʱ俪ǹûУ˵ʵ˵Ļǡǡ෴ˣȫǿķǵĶ
ƶųĬơ
һ飬˭ɱ򣿡
ƺֻƿбĳ֣ͻɶ׿ǹ

ȴһĴ𰸡
ԱһˣҲˣǷˣɱŵ֮ǰҺʱŵץ࣬Ҫ˵ص䣬ŵɱǣͰˡΪ˽̱أ԰ҲڣȻǾˡ
Ŀ֮ƣȻǺЦ
ԭˣԭˣͷԾ뵽ģ
Ů˷͸ˣĪЦҲûие졣
˭֪Էһ仰ȴ⧲
ƣΧЩˣ˵㲻꣬ţԽǸ۲۵ĺö󣬿ǹû뵽ɣĹӣȻǸʥ
˵գûЦԼȹЦ
Ʊδ䣬ƽ
һѵվڷԺ⣬Ĳˡ
ʶĿ⣬ȥЦݡ
ǹˣ˫ϣȻҾͿǹһȣ֪˵
лҪ˵εΣĩ֣ǰ100ͺ
ӪҺĻǵùѼȻ¹˾ͻ~




102 
ǹ, ڰԼ͵Էϡ
ƶ
Ҳڶ
ƿԼҡͷ, ΢ɼ
Լǹ죬ƿ°֮ǰ, Դһ
ڶ
Ƹոճִ, ǹҲǾѵġ
һݵ˲, µ˻Ǹӡ
Ʋҿ϶᲻ǰˣҲһǹ
ƵƹγһС
ɫ, ʹɫĹ, Ҳڲ԰ס
촽ţ񼴽վĻҡ
ɿ, ɬ, ŲĳԤ, ڳ㡣
Ƶ΢΢һ顣
ڲ侲ı£һ޲ˮƿߡ
²ʵһӿܻʲô, ˭޷׼жϡ
ڡ
, ð
ǹڵϡ
쳣̶
¶Цݡ
ⳡľ, ĿǰΪֹʤˡ
ĵƲࡣ
ȻҲûϵԼӮ˳
ƵֱǶԵģãʵԶĻҪš
ϣߵڶϣǰ·
Ʋ·, ʶ
ǰ棬ںָ·ʲôΣգҲƵһۏף಻ȻͲָ·
һá
Ȼ֪ͦ˲ܸ׵顣
ĴļƳǸʱȻҲضá
໺
Ʋͷ
ЦС㣬ȱһǹ߹Ǳŵˣ첲Ҳӵˣֻţԣô
Ƶļ£ûʲôСӽʵʵ˸ᣬ˫ʹϾֻܰǽһ·һȳһգĵۡ
֪֪࣬ʲô⸱װģҪװ޿κΣ֪Ļ˶Ѵ㻹ǵ𣿴ڳַӦʱҾˡǸʲôҸװǻƣ
ԽԽֱһȵĺϥѣ߽һֱӵϥˡ
ǰͣסŲ
ûлͷڿЦ
С㣬һȨƵСӣȥԻȵģ䲻ۿУܳ±˼ңɲǻûʧ𣿡
˵ܳȴƲҡ
΢΢ϢС㣬ˡֱԣڶʱˣټƽЩϸ֦ĩڣƺЩǣҵ㣬ڴĳ˵Ƕͬһϡ˶ͷձһɱңԼҲܲ
ЦҪˡ࣬ΪĻᣬ㲻˵ʲô𣿡
ࣺСϢŭʲôҲ֪ǸԬߣڲˣҲ
Ļǹϡ
ƺһ£ֱ
֮󣬽гĸѣ͵ֻͣҪĶͿ˳ִվԽгݣձҲӣʱȻͨ裬гǰԸҶϼڱѣҲӷȥ˱֮ûձ˵Ķңӹײȡزͷˡ
ԥͣ٣һǳɽꡣ
ƺ⣺ʹ첻ͺˣгΪλǣ
ࣺҲ֪Ԭ
ٴνǹ׼һ첲
̾治֪ڶ޹ǰʵ۱ִ˵ףҪǻˣгհ¾ޣǰʵ۵Ľ׺ͳǰ˾Ļ׹Уݵλ㵱гֻǸܣػеġѾһ죬Ӧ֮󣬾ͼ
ۣԭˡ
ڷǷ꣬ձڴѲ飬Ѱ˳ǣοӵ䱦˽гĸ׵ƣƻδزʵ֡
ڴ
ƣʲô
ֹѪɴ֮ǰҴҽԺġֹѪȻûҲʧѪôӣ
ƺ侲ͳֹѪɴһ׸ࡣ
俴ǣû衣
˾·װжԶ
һ󱳡
֣ǰеʯţֱӿǿ˵ģҪȥԱ·õһʯͷСǶʯİۣܰŴ򿪡
ŭô˵
ƣʱҪٸһǹ
ະԩҲûʰⲻǵ㿴ʯţûƭ㣬˵ʲôҲŵġ
ƣ֪ʽ
ࣺԬҵġ˵ʯŵĹгҲ̫ĹܵȻǷĹȴ˵;ͬҪǵزȫŪһĹصĴڣϧûϣȴ˹̫ү
˵䣬ǰ޷ΧճһСƬΡ
ƹȻһʯš
ȻȱûףΨеײһСԲΰۡ
ֻȥһʯͷùš
ȥ
ȥ
˼Լͬڡ
ƣȥ
˾ٲΪƿǣǵԼƲס
ϾأǸ롣
С㣬һ·Ҳ֪ǿʯͷһ֮ʣﱻԲ⣬񲻸ӱң
ƣΪǹȴ
ࣺûп֮ǰǲɱǵģиߣȴδزᶯģС㣬Ǿ̽ģղŵѾˡˣҲܲԶȥҶһ߿͸͸ʱʱ̶̿㡣
һ仰ʱ޲óһһǹ
࣬ȴͬԼ
ȥ¡
һۣʲôҲû˵תߡ
··㲻ߵͷʯͷžʮұߵǽǣԬͰʯͷǶ
һԶ
С㣬ҿϢһɡ
ûȶԷشֱӾͿǽˡ
ǹһһŻ𣬲ͷҲ֪ڿ϶ˡ
ɬҪ˵ǿ
ţҪǻȥһҪÿȥ˹ݱ
Ȼˣ򵥡
ǰǻܻŻȥ
Ըƺеݳޡ
వ̾˿
طȻ
ͷһûꪳɳεҪӢˡ
ƳһӰ
Ҳûͽס
ܲǸըҲֻҲը
֣е⡣
Ǹˮ
ҡҡ滹вˮ
˵򿪺ͷ͹ࡣ
ˮ;θһӴ飬ͷβĳˡ
ήپĲݣأ
ˬס̾˿
̾Ϣ
֪ҲͻȻúģԼˡ
Լ˲Ҫһ鷳ˡ
ЦЦлС㣬ûȹ⣬һЩ
ˮӻȥ
߽ӹ
˿ʣȴû֣ʵܵġ
᲻Ŀ
ȴû˯
Ԭǹ̫үĸ͹ܼҡ
Ů˼ĺ־ĲõƬϢһĻᡣ
ΣֻӦ

ƣ˸ӴţôṴһ飿Ϊλ㣿
ʣ֪Ԭᣬһֱ̻Ķ
Ȼ˶ƲϵС䵽˿̾أƲŹκһܻɵ㡣
ŵˣЩҲȫˣƺȴʡ͵ĵƣҪ˱˴ǣƣ˿ܾˡ
ƺȻе㻳ϺǸ己ҡ
ȻǸҪɽ˿ȸȴ뻹ȫ棬һߡ
Ƚϣ治֪ѡ˵á
ʹǸңƴȫҲ롣
֮ȴߺҲ֡
·˺ܾãԷ
ΪڶۣԬҵսѡ
лҪ˵εΣҹ͵Σָո~



103 
ܣ
Ҳ, ʶΪſڿӺŪԼ
˵û֮, ҽΪóʣҲ, ˱˵дϢ, ʱиý, ͵Ц˵ıֽ, 䵽ز, óҫΪԿ㶫ɽأ
˵˴, ˫۽סЦ, Ū̲, ƺ˵㴵ţţˣΪĵܻ֮ܵǵûҵֻܿĹϵ, һݾĲ¡
Ӧøл, ҪЯ, 㻹ǸС˻죬ӭ˾͵ͷܸҴ򽻵ġ
һ̣Ʒ·ǸС㣬߸, ֮Ůܾ˳谮Ѱ˵ǰֵһۡ
˵öԡ
ҽ޼ҵףҲֻǿճҳѧѧѣŴƱһȥ֪²ܻɾûйϵûҲδؽţδؾø룬ġʱʢһҽ㲻ףһֲ뱻ͣ׬ǮĿ࿴ԾͰѴƱˣֻȥϡ
˵ʢ̲ݷҪǵӹ󣬽˾иˣÿҲ׬٣Ҿͽ˵һŵСһųͷأѵʱҲ¿࣬ϿڴﻹһҽҵǮҾͨϿ⽻սϼ˹ϵ
ʱһٺ»ﹻԺȫңܶ˽¶ɵ˽׬ǮұҲǱĿĲȥξ˭֪ǸųǸ⣬ɼϣ׼ҲȥմЩͷǸ೤Ϊ˽ֱ֣ӵ˵棬˸͵ˡСΪ⣬ֲЩ£ųΪµİ೤
ûãƱƼҢȥǸͷӣųܣͺܰɣҲʶܴǴûһ±ӣƨƽʱѵսȫˣӵɹڵԼը֪ʲôо𣿡
սѱը飬սζƮûĿ⣬͸ζ
£²ֻܸŻ
һ룬ըĿܾ㡣
ֻұܣãȻʧ룬ʲôǹʲô侲һѪ¾ΪС
ûû֮ǰ緢ԼҲ֮ӣµʱǰɷ²ܽҵҲҪһɼ
û֮ĵҪƾһ֮ҳЩƲԼҵ˶ڣý㲻ÿŵλü
ȻսϣֻһͷǾǻȥ
̻ǰ·ɾˣҲܻؼҡ
ˣ
ƲЩԼܹݣ
ΪŻңôΣ㲻Ҳǻȥˣ
ǻˣұӦЩڻ֮һսϵġ
ڵ֮ǰƿԼ˫ըûˡ
ȴͷϷɹȥ˶ɵˣҲ֪Լôܱܿս𣬰Ԯӹġ
ҽԺΪ첲ˣսæչܷԼûȣͦƽģϵ벻ʱʱ̶̿
һΣܰҽеǰ˺ۣ֮תһƼţȥϽѧ˵һᣬѧ죬ӦΪЩνսںģװսϣӦȥѧѧȽϵͳ֪ʶҲѧһϸľˡ
㻹ǵðɣҼֻΪ˸Żô̵ˮٻȥҵܾȻ˵е˵Ǳʡ
˵˵ţûЦԼЦ
ֻЦ֮У̺ԼҲ˵ζ
ǵʱܣһɫȴƣֻǱ°ؿյġ
ѣᱲǿǸӣװ׵ڻң֪Լôġ˫ȣⱲǷˣ͵Ǵҵߣñҵ֮ʲôûνӾҲûϵӹµ̰֮˻һ;
ô˵ģλ죬ǵ
˵Ц
ͬ۲ֶΣȴϸܣ߻·
ԲȥġƵȷˣκβ㡣
ࣺǷһһĶ飬˵ֻȥѧҪҰȻҲỹġ
ЦҾͲԸģûǿ˶ǮˡͿһǸСųҲǶ༸ˣ
಻˵ˡ
üͷʶ಻ϲԼⷬԷֱ治ǲҷ÷
ڶ
ۿƻûе㽹̲꣬סߴࡣ
˵ѧôܵȥˣ
˺һſڡ
ұҵʱ򣬶Ѿģһ֧ط쵼ĵطǻձڶƵƵϱȻϲ˵ʵﶼףһ̣ٻ磬ôҺܾܿڶ
ܻˣұҵ꣬żз纮Ϊ˫֮Ͳ죬ڲǰۿ۵ġǸʱҾ֪ҲܻϺˣҪȥǷܵҴӦ飬ȥϺʮ죬ֽԣֻĥ־ʵֲԼĳŵ
ͬڵͬѧиˣҲضͱңһ·ϡԬ˼Ǹʱʶģһţ˯ڴѵվһ飬һսֵܡ
ԣƴ˶˵Ԭ˼ǹ̫үĹܼңڹؼҴ˺ܶ꣬ʲôʱȥӾˣ
ࣺ˵Ԭͬ˫ֵܣи磬ȷǹүӵĸǰˣүҲ֪£ĬԬ磬Լߣؼҳ˹ү󲿷˶ô¡үȥ֮ǰؼҴС£˵㣬ҲϰȨӹӹµµδȥϸ顣飬˵Ҳ¡
Ʋ׽һɵǹؼûõ𣿡
ŲԶ
໰һתȻֹ
С㣬ȻҿЪٽ˰ɣ
ƵȷҲû˼ȥֻ֪Ԭôʶģȴ֪ôһͨƪǵʯͷʵѰҲôЩ
ʯͷأ˺
ȻƵ
ȥţ
ۡ
ڿƵ˲䣬ȻȻǹڶ׼ߡ
Ϊԣȥƣ϶в
ⲻ֪ȵľһ̣
Ȼˡ
ԾƣæǹŲʱѾǰ
һ
ǹˣ
лҪ˵Σǰ100ͺ~~




104 
ǹֻһѡ
ȴ
ʱѡ, ˵Ǹ顣
, ж㣬, ҲԶ, οոսôһ, ζǺķġ
Ƹ첲ǹȻҲ, ѾֹѪ, ƱҪܶࡣ
ˣƶŲ
֮, һֱǰ, ҪȥƸӿɿء
ʶͽǹơ
ƺҲע, ⽫ƾٸߣռһֻʯͷ
ȻȻȥ
ʱѵģ
ƷӦܿ죬빤ǹת
ӵͬʱҲ˵
ǹ˳ȥ
ʮ, Ƹȥ쿴Ǳ, æȦȥǹ
ǹһ׿, 쳤һۿҪ
ۿԼǲֱ̧ŽǹԶȴƺݺһߡ
Ů˾Ȼм|ֵģҳֺгҪȥ, ֲŮ첻ȱݡ
ֱ۲ˣƲ֪Ķذ׺ݺݻ㻮˸òΪأ˼
ǽڣ޿ˣ
ʯ𣬶ԷеذЮžֱͱؿڡ
Ƹ㿪
飡
Ѫӵбųʡ
ƶһ٣Բ
ǵãղԼһǹѾ˵ġ
㱼䣬бб£ƺƷɱȥࡣ
˺󱳾ʹ䡣
ҪذףȴôҲʹ


ѩأҲûаůĵطἫˡ
òһң˿ȴʼԺ︡֡
¹Ĳ;ߣů裬дƯ·
ÿµȹϵʱ°ٻ˾ܻѵһƷõңѡʣģŻŵ̵ȥϼܣÿعֿЩҾСŮϴҪȹʱܻ̲סЦЦЩ֮ܣû棬֪жߣж
ڡ
ֻ»صȥһѡ
õ껪ŵȰ˵ҪŵߣȰ˵ҵͣδܰʵ롣
ʱ򡪡
Ʒ·𿴼һԼ
һŵ֣׳Լʵȡλָŵٹ⣬Ĺ׷ǴӵǻΪŵǻˣȻҲһϼĺ̺
ʯĹᱻھ㷢ϣһҷع͢ȹ׺ƽƬվŵԣ֮İ¡
˼ƮԶҲûôˡ
ճյģǰ֪δ֪ˣҡ
գ΢˫ͣһ̡

ƽ
ûеǧһ֮ˤڵϣòƴһȥǹ
ǹ˼߹ǵƣˤ²ʡ۵ǺÿӾǵӻڣȻھʣֻˡ
£˰ɣЪᡭ
شŴȴ˿Ҳƣһܴܡ
ƽúãִʬˮ
ȵˮ
û̧һָûˡ
ƴ򿪺ǣյԷߣ΢΢бһιȥ
ۣˮ˳£»вǺȽȥˡ
ź󣬳֮⣬еԽȥá
ҲЪᡣ
ƿ¡
˼簤ż磬죬ٺ
꣬ˮڶڲľϵ죬ңԶ׽
Ǵꡣ
Ĵ١
ۣȫ

š
Ҳ֮˰ɡ
š
£ƭҡ
š
ղţǲΪ㣿
شģֹĳĬ
õΪԷ˯ˡ
ιǲôشңЦ飬ʸڷϣǻ˵ģ
Χôڣôģ۾Ǵģ
̾˿
Ȼ㲻ϳϣǾˣұһǻĻҪ˵
˵ֻδͱûˡ
΢΢ۡ
ٷḻҲ벻Է䲻⡣
ܵܰ
Զϡš
ߵģϸ΢Ķͬ
ʶﲻʺӷεһ۽Է޴Ǳԭ뿪ƵЦɫ侪ʧ룬ȴûԼ˸ӡ
ѰعۿҪϢ
ϢԽЩܹоԼԷϵζס
ܣ޿ײ룬Ƶζһɼ룬档
еܻˡ
ȷˣǱһУڽάȣˣﱻ棬ⷽ粻棬Ϥо˸顣
Ȼ˷㣬ͬһ
Ҫһ˭ˣ
̵͸ģ
ҵʱ䣬˵
Ǳġ
ǸµĺأͦȤȥ˶֮ʲôҽ
ǵ
ô¹޿۸ıѾù
Ժǧ˰ٸԷͷңû
̸ȶ
лҪ˵Ѽ~~
ӪҺĻǵùѼȻ¹˾ͻ




105 
֮, һҪǰ
ҵȥԬ
ȥɡ
ưˮһ
״̬, û·ֻ»ֱȥ
ԬĴŷλ𣿡
, ˵ɽȥҴ, ˵ԬͶ, ֻԬ·ʲô⣬Ѳ, ҵ, ˵ϣ
ˣҪ, ƻˣ
ȽŲȵ, Զľ롣
һһ, ̵ģ˺һԬβӳߡ
ڵϵƣӰӡ
̵, ûҳ, Լ۽ȥˣ
˿, һƨԱ£˫ֱ̯Ҳˡ
ˣ
࿴ܻͦϲġ
ңûеԼ, ;һס첲ˣҵϽɽѰԬ˿ѪĭǶŮأ͸ûУ
ࣺʬǰսǣվ߼·Ƽˡ
ԬĻղһģһѾûˣЪ˯һ
ȴе䡣
ﱾʪѰ˶޷ôοֻʣ°
ϴٶ࣬Ҳס㺮ʯ˿ɷͣɺԵѪһ飬վ쳤ùĴ
䣿
Ʒڷ
û¡
͵ӦõԬһ¡
ȥ֮ǰȸҿĶ
Ԭ㻹˽̲ɣ
ࣺ˽ҲҪΪ˰㻤Ӳȥ㲻ҿۣĿٷϻţҵҪ񾭺ͷүӶԶȥնﵽװʲôϡ
Ԭ˵أҲǸ˵ıʱү۵òУ
ûã֮䲻ˣŪüʮܱżȻְɣٹҶϽȥţȻͻǰǮҲʮˣ
Ԭûӣһһ
㲻˵ǰǹ˼Ҷ˵ô綤ôûһǮˣ滹߶ڣ
ӡӱԬһĬԣڹؼǰô˵ˣ쿪ⷿؼҼֵܳҲûִ֣ڸ̣ǻ˸ˡ
ҲӣǰԬֻǸֵܵӰӣ˺Ԭսϸ빲սѡ
ԬߵǰԲʯͷۡ
һƵʯͷ֮Ԭȥš
죬һֱʹϾòɼȥǸо
˭ү֣
ָˣү֪̱ڵϣſ֣չ˺ԼѾԬֱӺơ
һһʹߣұߣ
һҲһ첲ǹֻһȥš
׻˵úãͬģϽͰ
Ա
ұ죡
ԬݺһۣôôǷǰھû
ƫúÿĴϧķǳ֮ˣܵõŴʳô򷹶ȱ˶ס
һƣ
ڻƶˡ
϶С
ʯڣӶڽ䣬֮⣬ʲôҲûС
ͷǸˮ;ƣˮŵþˣõȥ󿪣Ҳ̳ģӦûܳԡ
ӶûԬǴӹײļСõӱϣСŽȥ
಻֪ʲôʱҲԱߡ
ͷա
ԬæСЩͷֻģˣ
֪֪ˣҼֻԵλ࣬Ҳûʲô£µȣͷóһᡣ
Ҵ򿪣ۿүӵʲô
ƶԹүӲôһ֣ҲȥѾ˼䶫Ҳܺ棬ֻû¶ǡ
򿪣Ĺ߿ƻ谵ޱȣԾܿŵ
ľިԶɽ¥ٺԶ΢Ų̣̃ɡ
Χûһɹ͵лþǰ֣ŨҲ̵ò
ǣ
Բ԰ʮ
԰ɣҼǵԲ԰ǻѾˣڷء
ⲻƷġƷͬԲ԰ջ̷֮ʵշתߣֲʲôµ㶫Ч棬Ҳõһһú԰˾ú԰ϾԲ԰߿ʢٹ֮쾭Ӫģ̷ʵ˼ȥܾú԰ô˼Ǿټʱλ͢ң黭Ĵ󳼣Źʮݸ壬ġһ
һ˵ô࣬Ԭ۵ùǺĿһ̳Ӿͷ˺üڡ
ЩǹүӸ˵ģ˵⸱ƷȻպԶԶʮͼҲúһʢ԰֡ƷҲƷǰ²֮ʦʲôƱˣô˼ɣҶ٣ûȫ˼Ƕ˾ˡ
СĽ¾ϵãȥ
ޡĿȫ顷ʱҴ鼮±
ƴѾɫ˵Ĳʻա
кɵһӡ
ûɫ޲侫»Ƕıʯ֮࣬ƵõϣõǶ˿˿΢ȸּգտ̶Ҳ֮ǰַܱȵġ
֮ǰ࿴Լ۾ѾҪϹˣٿСһķ֮ǰӹײǰƸ϶ΪһĹ屦
ᵹһ
ߴϸ΢Ťͷȥ
Ԭ֪ʱ˿һ迴ƺڷʱ⣬Ŀɳ
ЦԷǣ˺ֵܣֻûдһ̥ͶˣҸСƵģٲƣһҲ򲻹ӰϽҹ
˵ԬɿڨڨһЦٸֵΪǮƷؼǼֵҲˣҲܲôûⲻ㱻Ϻĵƺ̸ʴˣ
ڸղʱ򣬾ͱҸˣҸ㣬㱻ؼҵˣӶû
꣬һתС
˵Щϡû;鱦ʯʲôģԸģۼ˻ȥҲǸҸùްɡ
Ԭ
ľսһְ£һõҡһҡЩϵıʯһš
ȴЩɻ󣺡үô౦
ͷвٶһǹͷģؼٷ⣬ЩҲܵòˣղ룬үһ鲼Ҳѳɸѡ޳Щǧһı
Ԭ̾˿ҵ֪ʮǰϽǳһ𣬾˵ǰǸλסڹͷĻʵۣ̫͵вҪ㶫Ÿշųȥû죬ˡ
ƣⳡҲ˵ˣһҹ˵ӶæŰѻ𣬵˵ܶ䱦ôûˡ
ԬǶǶ˵ǡôɵ飬Щ˵죬Ҫ㣬ֱһѻչ£ʵҲֻɵۡҪ˵ʵ۵ϣҲǱû˵ˣɽûˣ˱ϽǣͷһĶֵأҲ˵㣬Ҫƽһ˫һ
ࣺˣٷϻϽ˵Ҫģ
ԬʲôҪģ޷ǾղرǼ¥󶼸յþ⣬Щ˱ǲҪҵˡ½½ģ굱ͳֲپ˵ǹȥ䱦ֻһӦȫӵĶǹүʮ½޵ģЩǴӾģЩǴӵعģЩԶ˴ұǮҲ֪ؼʲôͷݺ·
ƣô䱦ǲŮԺĸϢˣҲһʲСĲƸ
ԬЦƼĲƸӵɽɽҲصסУ䵽֮Ǽշת͸ձˣ˻رү˵ʹǱΪ˱ܿܵսѾʼжϷҴһȥҴ󲿶ӡ˵ӵĶҪܸ󲿶ӻϣԺȹ̩óǲ£¸񣡡
Ҫ˵ƶԹүûаԹǲܵġ
ͷǧϺΪľֱø
õƳͷŰӣ˶ĽʵĿ⼯ʱԬıڰȳ²֡
ͷδııֶԼӣƾӻìܣ˴˿˳ۣң˶ˣձˡ
ͷû취ΪѾˣǲҪеκεģǰƿڴ˼Ҳ
˵ףүӾҲΪһ˽
ļδ֪࣬˵Ҫүӱˡ
ˣԸð䱦Ԭ
Ȱ̧ȥ˵ٴȥŮûҴϣҵȶ
ԬûӺϣˡ
Щֶǲб̧ܽ˰죬ڰ̧ȥ
Žգһѻ𣬰ˮϣŵ±÷̳ţ⣬Щů̻
ڵݶϣյͨ죬ӵ˼һ⣬ɾٲֻ֮ú˯һ
ƿ̳ʳò࣬ԶʱͿ˯㣬Ҳˡ
ˣˣ˯ɣٳԡҪҰҲ˳⵱ֵܵĶԲãҲе㡣
ԬӰѴ±ţҨݸơ
±ţζҲƲʢ磬ڵ£ȴѵõζˡ
ԬûжȦӣסƣżɽʣҪǰ˳ȥ᲻
Ҳʹ˴𰸣ᡣ
Ԭͱˣձ˵ûǣ
ƣҲУûС
شͱȽѰζˣԬһ£ƲƲ졣
ְȦӵ˴򽻵ˣʲô˵ס㣬࣬ΪʲôҪƾŵɱ˵
ƣҵʱֻ֪ҲµǿʶҲ֪ǵľƻֻŽƾͼƣҪʲôұҩ֮ǱүǺѵģӦҲ֪ˡ
ԬĬƬ̣ѷ͵ߣת˵עû뵽ŵð͹һ񣬿ܻẦҸⲻǣʱΪ˱㣬صһЩˣŵǲŻҴ롣
üҩͰҺ˼ұ
㣡
ԬӶһֱ̣ûѵȼʼƬ̲ϵˣòԸƵݹȥ˵ԷӵܹҲ̣˭֪ƺһһ۵ֱ
ȥҽԺ㣬ʱǲñը˵Ҫȥ㣬Ұ˸ˣɽϣ˵Ұ֮󣬻Ҫسȥ㡣
Ƶһ١
Ԭû⣬ϳϿҿ˵ү֪ˣȱѣֺѡˣ¿ƽﰮ͵¸ûͷƵģǶսµĲЩ˱ϲŵ컨׹ûʵְϧʵϱ˭Ҫ鳤飬ľġ
лҪ˵ʷʵĸǰ100ͺ~
ӪҺĻǵùѼȻ¹˾ͻ
psȻ鹹ģʹʵģǷǳ׳һδ棬أ33꿪ʼշת£⸴ɽûһʧ𻵣ȫϴˣȤԿصĹ£ܾ~~




106 
Ԭˡ
Լϯ˵֮, ߶Żѳ, Ҳ֪ʲôֱϵ̶, ̲סȥ첲һ, ԷѹƵ, ̻Ҷ䣬һڡ
Ҽǵǰܺáܱ, ǰ, ѧУһҲǽǸ, ʱһȺŮѧ¿һȦȥ, Ϊ·ٳ򡣡
, һǻҲƬ
֪మ𣬱˴·Ҫһɽװʵ, ܴͷ, ΪЩŮѧ˵Ȳҡ
˵, ԼҲ̲סЦ
սµëҪôǱڵƬǶȥģҪôǱӵġֵëӦ÷˰, ǵʱѩ˴̵˵ġǰǹ׼ǸӪǹ֣ⶼǴ֮־Ҳղסǹˡ
˵ʵԬʼվ׽͸
ٺͬԬǲȫơ
ҪǱ̫үߣϰòɵȥ۲йء
Լûϵ಻ҲνԬԼбҪ࣬ϣΪʲôᣬƾҪء
ʱǶΪֻϵû뵽Ժ֮󣬾Ϳʼ֣ÿӵд֣ÿӼඹˣһһţΪҲͲˣһ죬Ȼ˵ֿǹˡ˵ʲô˲ãʳָܶ˭۰
ֶ˵Ц⣺ʵʤĺǿСǰÿζ˵Լûôϰʵÿڼﶼ鿴˯ǰѾֿǹòˡ
ԬҲҡͷЦҵʱ̫棬ƫаҪģ˾͵УϣźڿʼУôţҾȻˣһﱳ|ǹСʤһֵĸˣ
ȷɳ¡
һЦĵ׸˵΢С
ͷ·УΪ
ָоһţƿ֡
˯ߣ鴹ЩɺԵѪָ޳𪣬ָҲ޼룬ȫһֻǰ˵ġ
ƻǵã˾ñط꣬ͷһؼ潻̸ڼд֣ʱʣʱδ뵽ʱ󣬾ѪĹ
ǸָҪ꣬վĵطɱɳһ־ˡ
Ԭ̾ô׼չ֣Ȳԭ֣һ|ǹ޲עĿϧˣ
ƣôôˣʱǺܿͲս𣿡
Ԭ˵ô˵Щǵֿ˵ģҼǵ꣬פسվӱӪһ·Ѷʡ̲ļƣ滹л룬Ϊձ˳ԵôҲʿɶֹˣеָ˳ְæأʧأƽʧأӪʧأ˳ߣǲϾ͵Ͷһҹ
Ԭƽ֮֮࣬ѾǹȥʽˣܹƽƽѾĪ¡
ƳĬƬ̣ҵʱڹ⣬ر˵вֿԺܿȫܣδἰ
ԬЦһֻһҹ˵ȥʣҲգʡöˣһҹǰȥˣɵ˵Ļ̫ǿûԮܶҲûս⣬Ա߼жֿˣʵزסһûˣҪƿҲûϹ٩
ƣأ
ԬҴһ֣أϲսˣҲľôսųɴ໯Ϊ㣬ȥҰλӾµʮ££ѩάԭʮˣʣͬҺڣ߸
ƣܲҡ
ԬĴ򷨣ֻƥ֮¡ۿȫݣ󲿶ڳˣһˣη綼ʹ棬пڵƬûȡٻսҲֵܣһϼƣԳ׽׹֮Ҹ࣬Ҳûϵˡ
˵ʲôȴԼܷʲôۣԬ˵һֲҪָָ㡣
û
ԬҲ͸Ԭࡣ
ԬĨ˰ƾȥ
ʲôɱУǺڵֻֿڵʱû೤ֻ֣ûɱжɷϣҪǲܺһһأèʲô𣿡
Ƴ֪
֪ͲԼһ˶ĹЩѪ
ûһˣô֪Щ
ֻǺڣԼ̽Ϊ
Щ̽Ȼ٣˶Էġ
ǣһǹָסԷ
Ʋ֪ʱǺε飬ԼҲԣȴȫֻкˡ
˿ѪһֱˮĽסʹۣǲ
Ǽ֮󣬶ûüϸʽصϺȥˣ
Ԭôʡ
оְּʣҵ飬ÿڰ칫ңóڣҲòǹֵ꣬ܰȫ
Ԭۣλôصˣ
֮ǰˣ񻹶ǸԼһ鰸ʱµġ
ӣ˵˵ϢҲв
ԬһҲǣʱˣңðϽҪ֣Ҳʵûпɿˡ
һᾡˡ
˵仰ʱƵֻԼ
࣬һ֪
лҪ˵Ѽ~~




107 
ʱ, һҹͣˡ
֮, ҲʧӰ٣ҹצͬһξ, ľɶ, һȿֺչ, ԼһĶֵϣ˿붯
ڵࡣ
, 廹˯, ӵŲ֪˭ϵӣѷĶ
ƺԬ䱦顣
ƣгɿ𣿡
Ԭһһ, һδ±, ǽгүӵġ, ϳ㡣
Ƴ֪һ¶пٵķ𣿡
гǸˣһǸ, αȨµٵ, ڷ, ձ˿ȥҲЩǱ湦ҲֻڽгԸⰲĵܵĻϡ
ǷƵ£г䱦鱻ع⣬ֻҲס
ԬҼ棬˵, ҼǵүӶۡ˵ϴˣпʧ飬֪ԼڸʲôҲ֪ԼȥڣȴֲϣڵĶԲү֣֮Լΰɡ
֮У沨ҲδؾûԼ뷨˭ɼĿԣʮչ֮٣ûйүӣλгҲûйעһһӹӹµµӣһ߿ǣȥ
ǸǸгһɵİɣ
˵ࡣ
ڿ뿪ůıŵܲ͸磬¶ԴԽ̡
Ƶ˽бľ٣гĿɽǹضУȻͬضڲҲìܵģľˣϣݣľ𶫱ϺĶԽӣ֮ǰһ⣬ۺѾãȴҲ֣ըһᡣŹضλŭָ֮ľµʧְͨеɡ
ӵΪľߵĵ֣֮죬ɱˣҲᱻ׷
ףºľ϶µ֣ҪæӦλŭϾע⵽ϣعܱܲסδ֪뿪ˣҵĺȻҲ޴̸𡣡
ü㻵ĺ£ȥͲᱻ׷𣿡
ƣֵܣһ٣ʲô
⻰ʮı˵ʱֻС
໹˵ʲôȴ˸硣
·˭ģôйζ
ԬںǼëϰƤ£ͦů͵ģһصذŵһ㣬ˡ
һ飬еŤתǰսϣ˵·ǻ˯Լж֮ոһչ̫|ˣ·ñŤ
ŤŤְͣë££Դȥ
гĸ׵ѣʲôʱ
Ӧþˡ
ƿţҪôǹˣҪôȽŲ㣬˵һˣ°춼ܣοѽҪᶫڻ֪ʲô״
ɽȥҴš
֮УҲ˫Ȼߡ
Ԭüڣﲻ̲ýô
תߣͷҲأıֽ
֤ͨɽǡ
Ԭֹ裬ֻıӰܿʧɽּС·
һˮ˰۳ԬǰⲽΣɫص̾һֻǷβĹ
ɱȦˣҿ۾ˣҪ涵ȥȥһˣզ͸ؿչԹƵģ̸һҹѲ̸ʲôɽˣ
Ԭ͵ŤǰŸߣҾһձź˿Ҫ˵ЩȫΪǣתɽͲˣô죿
ࣺң˭б̧Ҫ̧죬˵ˣܶܲҪ˵Ǿֻ־ܿ
ԬҲţ
ࣺⲻΪ˳ӦĻ˶ˣڲЩʲôãˮǺȾƣ
ȸƨ
ԬԱһʼʹ˼ʹ
ң̫űˣһòȻģ֪ˣãɽץ˶ᱦ֮ǰģɾȫǰˣ
㻹ҵϵ׶©ˡ
Ԭ㶼ˣû˯أ
ࣺҹԺһΣת˯ȥˡ
ԬⲻΪĻ٣Ӱǵܹ꣬ԺҪ¸ɻ˵㿴ƽʱ
ࣺС
ԬʲôлУ
ָ
ȥ̣Ҿ˳̷ӽۣõؿۡҾڰ칫˯ȥ׷ߣҾ˼ҹתҸȤÿҳԵҲܲͲ䣬໨ûнң㲻㻹У
ԬۣлУȻû㣿
ࣺǻǲ뵱ŷҸ𣿡
Ԭ̾ҪǴƣǸˣϾû˾ôڵģ
Цһû֨ǣǿɲӵıӦˣռˣĶ˵ȥ
лҪ˵εΣѼӪҺĻǵùѼȻ¹˾ͻ




108 
û, ԬԽˡ
̶һˮʱ, ߶߶ɽصһٸԡ
˵һͼɶ, ôҲû, Щ䱦òһӶ, ˵үȱЩ, ж֪, ׼ҲĶ
֪֪治֪ģҪһɽȥһ۰ɣ
ô, һ, Ȼɱǹ, ɽǱ˽ӣ
ö䶼Ҫˣѿǰĵݶһӡ
ռˣ𳳳, ϽҰȥ
ԬԲۣӶ˳, ûһģ
ࣺҵ, Ҷñˣ˵Ԭǰôûһ裬ǲˣ
ԬŭӾͱ鳤꣬궮, ᲻
ǰҲǸƢ⼸ڹؼҰֳӰӣǱﻵˣ˺ֵܣƤЩͨͨ¶ٲΡ
ȴǲӵ۾ģھʱܶûٴڵĽ붼Ǵܴġ
ֻʱǨǶ֣ҲǴ򲻶ˣΨжƤӡ
ԳԳԣһ쵽֪ԣͷһû⣬ͣ뻹Ǯʲô
ˣԬǳȥˡ
Ȼůͣ˻Ƿƣ䣬һȳһҲҪȥ͸͸
˸ǷҲͷҪ˯
֪ģȥȴЩ˯ˡ
ҷ׷׵ģһǹָһĻһİǽףһԼٺ簤ż翿ڵϣŹȥûãȴһʵýڼȴҲ㻼ûʧ
ؿƵܣµ¶Ⱥˡ
Լǰ˴ˣ˭֪ʮ󳡵ٷΣһ俪˶ȥ賡ŮǮȥһ֧裬ŮϸŸͶջУӵұģ˱һЦһЦС¹ײͲðȫ綼˫ϵʮӶʮˮתתԼʱ
ƾԬ˵ıӦ
˼ΣξҲ߰ġ
˯úʹԺֱζѡ
Ȼǿ
еĽ̸ֹһˡ
෭˸ڽδ֮ǻ۾գÿ̧żĲϼƣ֮뵽
ʱڣղƹ顣
ĵȻȻʫ·ȥԲϴһǦ
ԬЩ߶߶ĻҲûģȴҲ˶䣬ʹԥҲδûйʵĶҡ
жҡڼ˵һ̣ɢѩ硣
ʹ»ԶԶû̫ƽãȴȻõꡣ
õûУ
Ƶһ¾ߵǰʲ飬ٿ־
ຬӦһط
ַֻˣüͷڸԬ˿ڵҽܲȸһֹʹҩ
Ҹղ̽ˣûգãҸλˣϸҽΡҽͷҲ̧
ԬҸҽϴˣҵȴҽϾ⼸ˣҪôˤˣҪôǹˣֹʹҽַЧЩ
Ԭкãɽµʱľס۴λأҩľ̶סһЩ˷һ£ҩʮҲȬˡ
ƾЩ鷳ں߿ܱʱҽı飬δҲŽ
ǹ֮Ųˣ᲻ԹͷӰ죿
ҽû֨ŴͷЩѪģ֯
ƴû֣ԼȻеѪ
ֻѪ
ղҽԬϴ˿ڣúõġ
ƾ˿ڣѪ𽥱ϴȥȻΪʹ࣬üͷšָҲ΢΢ȴʼһԡ
ܸ̲ܲסֵ
ҽ̧ͷһۣͦиԡ
ƿЦ
ôô£˻Ǿʶ
ѡƵ
ҽҲѣ㲻ң
Զԡ
ҽԭѻ֣֮ѹڷ켸꣬ûң£ˡ
ϵ٩ȴû֣Ƭ̹Ͱϵӵ
ңӵû鿪ҲûжԽ𺦣ҩҪÿԣͲҪˣ߹ǵҲҪ첲ûʲô󰭣ˡǹɽȥҵҸϴ˿ڡ
ҽɨһֵۣˣǲسˣҰ˵Լע⣬˿ڲմˮȥ˴һҪȥҩ
ҩ֮Żҩ䣬·
Ҫûʲô飬ˡ
ƳվűԣһֻȴԬ
ƣɽҽ˵ʱ򣬿û˵ԼҲ¡
ƳԬ̧֣ʾҪţֶҽһᣬ֪ҹϵ߰ɣҾͲˣǵߺɽ·˷֡
ҽͷҲسǣҪֱӳǣȥһ˼ҿŻط죬ĺˣ
֮󣬹Ҳʹ󹦸ˡ
Ԭǣ˼ҵҲʣûʾֻǿ˵ֱҽԶˡ
û𣿡
ƣѧʱУѣȥձҽѧڷ쿪üˣձ˹ϵ
Ԭżϻ𣺡㻹ߣ׷ȥˣ
ֲһ䣺ϥӣǴСȥ̳ģ׺ֳǼˣڷ
ԬһŶԷζı飬ˡ
ռˡ
˼·ԬŤͷһʱŭˡ
һֻռ֪ʱѾ䣬ֻȣһƬظֻʣ¹ͷˡ
Ұ⻹ǲ˵㣬»زĻʸ磬һֻģͣϣǷʵã
һ߳ԣһͷ㣬ġ
Ԭ˲ˣĹȥһֻᣬһҧţȥһֻ
˰벽
һֻѾݸơ
˼ɽҽ㲻ᶼ˼ǲǣҰڳ򣬳Լջָ
˴ֻҲָ㽭ɽˡ
ԬЦˣôѼø˼ңῶ֮
ࣺв⣬ͷ㲹
Ԭ
뷴ְ⼦ͷҵԴϡ
ԬֻܴҰҲǴ⣬Ū˸壬ԭŵϸСʱͻȥ˭֪ɵģȻۣҲʤޡ
˷ƣܿʣһѼͷ
ֹʹҩҲ࣬˯һʵ˯ˣԬ˯ʱ͹Ŵڹżϣ泯ߣϵǺӱ
õû
Ա¡
ֻҪûϣûɶ⡣
ƣȥ֮Ҽסһʱɣ˳׺ٻȥȻң϶㡣
˵ãһ˵Ϳʼͷۡ
Ȱǰ˵ɡ
಻վҲ֪ԼݵҪǿˣһͥ϶ᱻץһϣʵʵ˳һٱͶιͲꡣ
ϲԣɾϸѡسԣιҲİ
ͷ䲻ֻ֣ʶˣȴѾ΢ů
ûգȥ˯һɣгĸ׵ѹǻһϷ
ûع񣬷ӦƽռʱƲɵ붺һ¡
ôҪǲɣ
˲侯
ټռӱˣҾ㣬ǰƯС㶼һȥ
Ȼֹ
Էûгֱ룬ѵˮþա
û˵ĬҪǵ˼۾ôԲʲô
ȻʲôϽŤͷȥ
Ԭɣ˯˴Ӹղŵںû
һȻе׿ľϵ˾͵С
ίʵûԼƵ뷨
ȻʱŪףǾͷŵһȥ
ڤ˼ΪͲ磬ʱԼֻռ
ֻǻعϸ룬ôøղе㲻Ծ
Ԭεºܣˣ
Уȥ̵׿ľĲ׿ľ
лҪ˵ǰ100ͺѼ~
µӪҺĻǵùѼȻ¹˾ͻ




109 
ԬάڵĴͱ, Ѿаˡ
éݶ, ˽һɨΣ
ƶ۾ʿӡ÷, ˫֮ࡣν, 񰵶, ǹЦ, ȷǼ|Ů輧ɹ, ܺ, ϰƶĻȥ, , ԶСˣ·׻
Ԭ˭С˭
ˡʿָָԼ
Сˡʿָָʰơ
Ԭǣÿɷ
۳¾, ɾ, 漸, һ˫޲ѥԴϻŶϻ
֪ģΪʱһλ߹
Ԭŵʿ䲻ʣǴŪģ
էͦô£е㷺ƸɿݣûӪƵġ
ʿ, û⡣
ŵǼ˵ĺӣȥģôΩΩФɣ
Ԭ¶ĵı飺㻹˺ճϣ
Լϧûӡ
һƲСӣоԼóˡ
˵ҳӢ˼˰ʿûôεİɣھۣ۾ױ˶ϣ˺ӵڣȻõһĨǸصʿˣ
Ԭ᱾طһ¶ˣ
ࣺᰡұһأ㵱ʦҾ͵ȵͽܺˣ
Ԭҿɲͷӣ
಻Ϊ⣺û£ϣû˼Ҳʮ
ȥģ
Ԭһֳʯͷӹȥ
˭̧֪ǣ߹ǵƣʱ۵һ찥ѽл
̾˿ƣƶ˵֮ˣŰɣʲôɻǾʿġ
Ԭ߹ǣҲ˲ˣƤˣָͣ仰˵
߹
ˣ˲˰ɣǵ׼һ¡
Ҳ·۹ӹƤñѾĨ˻ңȻ۾ǹֻҪֱӱˣһҲȥ۲
ѶֳɵģүӺԬıʱ˴ŵʱ򣬾ѾѸѶ׼ˣŮװϷͼٷһȱ
Ԭʲô³̣øǽһ¡
ȵͽ÷ģԱȥ
Ԭһûķ
һƵĻ
ٹһСʱңҲǽгĸ׵ļʱԷɽΰݡ˵ǣǰŷϣйÿղΰݣδϣĸ׹Σĸ׹˴ΰһأΪĸ׻££ɽĸͣʱӳգҲҪ㡣
ʱνξǼٵģʱԸҿ϶ڣѻڹƫͣԼһСʱҪһСʱ֮ڣĶϷʬĿղ
ձȻ϶ҲȫԼˣµȻһˣΪһϷ͵ȫףó˽г˻ǡ
˻𳵣ҲŻһߣⶫȫִﱱ֮գ񣬴󹦸֮ա
и⡣Ƶӷᣬײɽɽ̫󣬲˵̧׵ĳ󣬾Ա߿̧˳ı飬϶Ҳɣô
Ԭʹˣг˵İ˸ˣܴģʱǾ˵ҪõſڵϷżǽ䱦ײ֮һ㱡
⵹ҲǸ취
Ƶͷǽˡ
ԬôͻȻеһҪ˸ڽгԱ߼˵ʿ¶š
¹ڣʱɲ͵ÿֵԲ㲻˵װưͣһнҡ
Ԭôоˣ
ʱ䲻ˣûն˵ԬϽһϵʿۡ
˵·֮ƾ꣬ʦ´ࡣ
ԬҸоͦǻĴѧŷװˣ룬Щ졣
ûκΣűӰƵͷЩѧճϣΪԳճϣճ°͡
ͷŤˣƫ໹Աָ㽭ɽ
οǧȥһˡ
ճ˺Ҳˣũ򣬹ȻԶԶҡ
ŷȥûΣΪձ׺ŪЩ˶йĻ˽⣬ͨ˻Ҫܶ࣬ȻҪʿ͵ұһΡ¾ɡ
Ԭöֱ죬޲ֱӰӽϷ˵Ĺײȥһᣬһ˰ˡ
ǵ͹
Ԭܿͷ֣겻Ĳɻ࣬ȻǸѻ졣
лҪ˵£µȽ٣ȡһЩ~~~
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110 
ڿ𣿡
վſӭɽʱ, ԬȻͷһʡ
ҡҡͷ
Ԭ, ôͻȻʵҪˮ϶Ҳˡ
ʶȥ, οĺ, ôñŤ
ԬûôŹ
ÿԼûҪװŪĽɫ, ǰٰԼֳʱүһ, , 첻˵ˡ
Ѱ˼죬Ԭҵԭˡ
ղŻô, ô֨ˣ
ư, ϰˣ
Է޹㲻ǲ˵𣿡
Ԭ˵˵˵, ҿɸ㣬Щƭ˵Ļ˵Ȼ㿪ڻ㿪ڣҪǰѽϷ˰ȫɽ, ٰȫɽ, ˼Ұĸ׶, ۲ܳӣ
һ塣
Ԭأ
ࣺºӵ
Ԭ
ʼðϣѺǸ׵ΪںҲˡ
ԬѾг
һǰ棬߻Źܼңǰ̧ס
ɽ·᫶ͣг, һ֣ȻЩҲࡣ
ͣ
̧һ˸ͣסŲ
ײĲδ¡
ܼһСǰԬǡ
аʣҪĸ
ԬУͽȥλʿ
ࣺϣʦ
תڣһóķСһİʣڹײ档
Žײڰϡ
ʱ³룬δĿĵΪϷȻǵԸȴҲǵᣬȻҪġ
ԬæǰһԽг
ʿò
гͷ񣺡еĸãʹˣɽã߼·ʹòСܣλĴˣǰŪùҲҪЯɵúúд˵һˣ˲ˡ
ʮͣװģһ˲ţϵֻûλдȨӵӢ
Է¶ֵЦ⣬ѵˮ
Ϲˡ
էˣô죬Ƭ֮ŻȻλǻѲ֮ǰƣñطǸơ
ʱĲЦɱɢϵ˺;Ӣ֮⣬ƫŹƤñʵʵװȵƣˣ֮
ЪϢϷ˵Ĺ餱ƫá
ǰȥ˰ɽͤӵȺ
гȥΪУ鸺ԶȺɽ⡣
ᣬȻûô˴ʫԵ˼ſվһ͵̧
ԬҪͬȴֹ
ϵŽϰɣСͯҾͳɡ
ԬһӦǣΪʲôͬˣϻմ˼ٺӣͯ͵ͯǰ滹ҪӸС֣ϵ
漴ʶ££ζͲȥƫæˣʣһ̶ܷܶһСʱڰѶתƵ
ٿ࣬ȴûֳʲôֳԷ΢һ
뿴ʲô
㿴ʲôУҪ㣬ҾͲˣĴ߰ɡ
µı֣Сȥɣ
Ҳɡ
һһ𣬽нԶ
Ԭһڰղϲ£ǵıӰһ
Ǳ׼˰ɣ
гߣѹúܵͣ
ԬعҲŷɿСźˣλǣ
г丸Ҫְ׵飬Ҳбģ˵Ҫ㻹ԸȻ˵Ҫ˵Լδ˴۹⣬ҲƲʲôСЩˡ
ԬϷʲôʱر
гҹζ࣬ߣѾ㶩ƱʱԽӵߣ˱˽֣ǾͲùˡ
Ԭͷһ
ʿ룡
геǣûɣ
ԬϷģҵֵܣƤҲ
ñ˷ģԼȴʵڷĲ£޲ðѶʮףȥ˵˵ʲô
ʵʱ򣬶˵
ɽ壬һڹ֣ÿηɽۣͷϵİ׷ֽаͷ塣
˵嶥а֥˲Σ˲ζɾˣڵʱ򻹻ɽܣСδǳҩ̵ƹ񴫵ģ
ٿ·ͨģǲǱһ⾳˵ɽͷûЩɽô󣬵ϸҲһǴɽڸߣ飬ѡ飬ǰ㶼ġ
СͯᣬΪҪ룿
Ȼڣȴ˸ţ༰⡣
һЦⲻΪԵϳЩʦ˵Сëë꣬ȡˣ룬͸̧֣С˵ôϻ
֣ľͷĹˣ벽
˵飿
ЦǼǴˣСʦĻڣͳˣʦǰջĥ￪̫󣬴㽫Ƹˣ飬ϡ٣
ͷҼǴˣû˵⻰
Цݲ䣬ǲŷ羰ͦãøУСǮ
һЦûС
ʱ
ȤСʿô񱾵ˣ
ࣺΪСϷˣţĸ׸ļޣضҲˣҾãжŮСҲڼ￴ɫʦԾ͸ʦɽˣ
ô˵һˣ
ٺǣʦʦ񻹴ŹأСԽǰȥС
ҿģңҲұ֤ٷƣǴ´ġ
Ȼͣ½Ų´࣬¶ζ
֮װɵϣֻʱ䣬ԽԽá
ǴΨһıֻҪڳǱ߾ͿԴݰţ©
иղŶԷ̽ǰ˿εˣȴѾܹ治ɫˡ
ЦˣСҰ˿ĵԣøڹߣֻ»ƵƵʱͲСȤˡ˵ˣСȣʦС²мһȳһգƽܻ֪㣬ɲʡԸⳣɢģСʦȻӭ֮
㵹֪֮
˵仰ûپȳС·ȥ
ôһ˲䣬ӵӺֱȥԷӶסһɱˣ漴ֹΣյͷ
εһɾĹһˡ
˷ϻҲ߯ˣ䲻̽һ£ҪǻӦԬ治һԲȥ
ֹģ󣬱ϾطҲ֪ıĴ屾ؾɽ̤Ļѵʱµģҿ϶ûñȣ۳ŶԹѧȤҲȣתתȥܿ͹䵽ͷˡ
ȥҽϰɡ
ŰСʱչȻôˡ
𣬿Ҫ⸽Ŀ
һεĿ֪ҲǱˣȻϬȥ㾫оֹ͸ŹӸ緶ͲǸӵģĳЩʹơ

ıЩ⶯
һɽǸöˡ
ͷһϲƣʦ׽ֻҰڻһֻСȥëˣɽЩҶӣſһüζ
ȵȡһǺܶȴȥɣʽ϶
ȻԸ⣬ҲǿѣͿˡ
ξʿС
ֻнгһڡ
վǰ˫ֺʮĬΪĸô۷Щ졣
ôһ
ЦҰδ¹СǶλǼꤣȻõ㶫
г֣ǰմȣҼȻΪĸϲǣȥðɡ
ϲãҲˣȻЩС˾СôԬ
гԬȥƫΪĸоˣӿСƬ̡
ϳҲôţ֪Ԭ鲻Թۣ뿪۽硣
г̲סһۣĽǶȳ΢΢ҡͷ
û𸴣̧˳ȥ
ôƫܺңһϾһ޺ãڣɫ޺õųţȽȥ˰ݣͳϾȥ
ԬоҪŵ𣿡¶ɻ
֪ʦģǱŲ֮أߣܸ°빦ϷǰϣŻΣҲϷ˵ĸˡɴСʦü꣬ûܵõ״أԵƬ̣ʦһͳˡ
ЦЦΣȴϾоЩ԰ɣҲѧģһҲ徲
һ˵һߴǰ
ûüĴǣֲӲɣֻøں˵ƫˡ
ߣС·ѽʯӣŵ
е㼱ˡ
򣬾ǰѶװˣҲδüΣҪٴκϹףװһ£εɣô
ǰ󲻹룬Ѿߵƫǰֳȥ
лҪ˵=3=
֮󣬻һЩɵİӺڣص˵Ļ~




111 
Ӧ
ֻƿġ
Ǵ򿪵ġ
ŵԬһ졣
ξʿιˣ
һɨ
Ͼ, ǰͯ, һʯ̨ϵĹײġ
һէʮϸʮԬ
˵ڴ˴, ΪϷ, ֪Ƿˣ
𣡡
Ԭһɨ, û˦Էϡ
ξʿ֪߲νŲ, ͬξʿ, Ϊ֪ʷȰ裿Ҿ֪ƽó, ûΪʦĻ, ڿǰҲʧ, ɽˮˮҪʮͰ֮ǰܳԷ, ¾ʮ, Ҫ, ʲݺŪĲ㣡
ࣺ
Ȼ֪ԷָɣԬǳûԼ
Ǻǡ
Ϸ˭᣿
ʦ
һƽ𣬲ԬƤҲһ
ֻͨһһ
ҳҲͰˣͽܻһдһĬĬΪ˼, ˮʮͰҪͽţͽ˫ǷˣԺôź˼Ұǰʦ
˵ʼͷ
ʯ졣
Ҳ̫ƴ˰ɣ
Ԭܿ췴Ӧ˺
ͽƽ͵ˣҲͰˣԽ̣ܽҾͲ㣬ĽҰˣסжǳӲˣ
ָʳָ΢΢ŭӡ
̬ⷬ࿴ίʵ˵㣬Զշ硣
ʦϱҴҴˣҲø죡˵뽫ҪߣͽܾˣͽһТģ¿ɼɼϷ˶ɼʦȥˮߣ
̧ͷͷ׽ӣղſͷ֮͡
Ԭ·磬̾һԴ
ɣԺ󲻿ɺˡ
תξʿƶϥ¾ôһͽܣӣľѵ񣬿޶Ůָ֮ˣǹˣ˲żüã־Уͽƶ߰ɣ

Լղôһ˵̽ĳɷ־Ӷ࣬˸ղЪ˹һĻЪ˼ôҵˣҲ´ȥ֮󲻺õ|̣Լ¡
ӲãԬˣҹֻƵʶɼҡ
Ԭףһ룬ξʿǰ⣬ýϷǰƺʩϸøҶؾģΪΡξʿҪԹҲ޷ٳɡ
˵Թ˻صײǰ£ϵ࣬дʣʱʱ
վԬòνɾûԬʲô
ǿҲΪԬ
֮ⲻھơ
ƫһȦ
徲Ϊ
Ͼ꣬䣬ɪ߲
Ŵֽоɣɵļѣ᧿Σ
ϣܽᣬ·𻹿һ˶ǽһڶ
ЩȤߵúżĿԬϡ
˫Ŀգû⣬أдʡ
ܿ;Ȥˡ
Ȼ뿪ƫĴʧٵСʿ
ܿ죬СʿŸȣڡ
Լæȴ߳ԷٺһЦ
ξʿ𣬾ʣһˣڳ͵ģҪһһ룿
һ˵ţᣬ۾ڼϡ
ˣԼ԰ɡ
ղôеСģԼ˾СʿЩ
ʵȥˡ
εŲгҲãҲãܹ̽Ǹвԭװ񷿻Ƶ뷨ҲͲˣԷĸߴ˵ƣֻء
跨Ҹȥ֪ͨƣҪ֣ܶ档
˭֪ұéޣҲûҼƵӰ
ֹӭײĴҹҺмȳ
֪ǲһεͣⲽȥҽг̸
гδԾȴʲôһ㣬Ҫסǲѵģһľĵʱ֡
༱ææϡ࣬Ѽե˱ӡ
СªѼСɽģλʿҪ
⣬㡣гЦǺǣҲƽϡ
ӽž֪ʲôöԣ¼ꤣҲ˲ˣӾͿʼ
ͷԬ١
ʿϷ˵Ѿˡͽȥǰ׼̧ɽɡ
гֵ꣬л
˺ѿԹᡣ
һһ޳ɣ˷ѹδЩɫҲôÿ
ǰ˸˺ֺԬһĿͽгһɽۼһ죬˿
ԷԷղſǳѼҶˣǵؽ׼һ̳Ҫ᲻øǳԡ
Ԭ˸ۣͽȥʢ
ࣺȥģأôһ쵽ûӰ
Ԭܵȥˡ
ࣺ˼Ҵˮ©
ԬЦ첲գ
ȥԷ
ͷŸߣǱȻȥ
ų粽롣
ԬɴۣϽǰ
ξʿôֻˣ
ҺȻҵĻ˴ˣҡ
Ԭƶȥҡ
֣ˣ졣
˵ҲԬӦֱӾͳƫȥ
Ԭֱųһ亹
ξʿ
ȻԷҪӭײ˴޺߳ӿɾʹˡ
Ĳܿ죬ûԬǰ˵ĻᣬѾ޺á
һˡ
ԬѰëųˣֻĶű
ϸϸһȦ
ûȥĵطҡ
ȥ˲񷿡
ſڰѼԣ״¶졣
ôˣ
δ˵Ϳɫһϲ
ѲҿδصʦҪ˵ģ
ǳ鴤һ£ǣˣһҶ
ڴչɣʲô
һ˫ոѼͺ֣Ҫϲ䡣
æһ󲽡

ͷ֣ȻĨգֳԷ¶һЦ
ģҿɰɾˣ

תߣͷҲء
Ԭһıûҵأ
ޱ飺ҸϣҸˡ
ߵ÷ɿ죬ܿͲӰˡ
Ԭص׷ȥſڳ˰ķ硣
صԺӣѾıӶˡ
ǰѼȫǵƱߣʣµס
Ԭ𣺡Ƿݶˣ
ࣺΪϲףεĳ׹ˣ
ԬҪҪʣһѼưԼǷŲˡ
Ԭ԰ɡ
˼ңٳ㣡Ԭߺߣ׹ˣ̵ģɱǹģûǸղô֪ģ
ŬŬ죬ʾơ
ߵ˶ɵ˼㣬϶ȥ鲻㣬Ҳߣֺܺòµ
Ԭе㵣ģȣǽӦûɣ
ʣϸƱ𣿡
ԬˣţˣǽҵϼˣȥĹġƱһ𣬶ҾεĲֻ¶棬ôװҲȥ
ʼ磺ʿܵǾаŮװɷްɣ
˵ģ⡣
ڱӣ˶֨ˡ
̧ͷֻ۾ˢˢԼ
衣
ʲô
лҪ˵Ѽ~~
µӪҺĻǵùѼȻ¹˾ͻ




112 
˸, ȻԼȥ
ʣ°ѼҲζ
ˡ
ҳ˵ǰͷ, ͽҲˣͷҲྐྵ, ôֵԬˡ, СϱСɷϹ, εǰװ˰ӣֵܸǺҵˣ
ԬԼֵܰ, Ҳ, װŮ˻С, ϸƤ, ôͿҲЩ, Ҳί㼸Сʱǵ˱⣬ͿԷֵҲԻϺ, Ҹ, ˭ֻ֪װŮ˵, ˵ǲǣ
Уû
̬ȺܼڽԬһ㡣
ҸҲһ˵ҪôװҲǿԵģ𳵲;ݺɽ, ҪεģǾ˵ȥݵͶͬŲ𣿡
ԬȻУǰŸǺžߣŹײһߣⲻ𣿡
Ҳţʶ˲٣ϸ׷϶ᷢǰǼ˵ļҾ졣
Ԭ˵ˣθһȥˣҳϿɿҲɫ˶ͣǰǵļҾ죬ܱͬòɰɡ
ͷеɣ˭ίһ£һ˵ļҾ죬ҪǿϣҾûôƽɣ
Ԭ
Ŀơ
νѣƶ
ƺûнյԬİʾ
۹۱ǣǹģһϡȹ⡣
ƺҲԼĳűӲСˣȴҳԷһûа㲻Ѱ
Ԭסˡ
ͱͱƵĸ첲ֵܣŮɣ
԰
ƻشޱˬ죬Ԭ˶ˡ
ǵҳһܴŮװܲҪܺɣ
Ȼ
ԬһĴȣֱȥ˵ңԼʱүһ
ͷȫүò÷ѣʲôʽУ˵ȲǴϺ³ȹӣʲôްҴϷŪļٷͷٷһ٣ǸεСˣ
⻰һûɶʵģֵĺӴŮװϻɫ˿ˣԲôǸŮģǵͷܡ
ҡҡͷһȥĻްԼѣްϡ
Ӷһأ¶ˡ
һȹһס
ȹҲһأϵӺȻĿ
̯֣˼ԣҲϺ·ûһ
Ԭ
ſЦ̧ͷ
Ԭҿҿްܴðһء
Ц˵϶
Ԭ߳ŭʹҴҲҴ
Ը⣬ҿӡ
극붯ûֻ࣬ë׵βҡȥҲ˸̫ͷϣëչֻǰצǰ·һ̾ҪǷʼˡ
Ԭһһ׶̰ȹ
Ӿʹ㿴
ڳǴүǣҲñܻˣֱӿʼ½
Ѹ⣬һһȹ
¶֮ɫΪԬ·ɫ㣬ΪȹϵӵĶ
ϸ塣
ԬĪסŸ
Ԭ˸ۡ
㶮ӣӵҲϷܹ׵ģȻû£ûԹҲܣ⻹£Ȼһܰװİأϰǽһ־
ȹã˸ָۡ
һ飬˯治ɡ
ƽĶۣ˻Ǹˣϲȹһ˫ʽЬž˷ЦԬһ̬˼Ůζ
ϵķҲǷϰ
Ȼ״ôү߼궼û˷֡
ԬĬԣʮ²˵һ仰ˣǹүɿĸû˼Ҳй¶ܡ
ԬֳȻͬƢ𱬣ÿҲ˵ܶ໰һʱһ쵽ϵرƪƣΪ˰ԼֵܣðԼһưͣܲ˵;˵лƢѹڱ֮¡
ϴǣûһԼϵߵĸȻѾˡ
˿ԬҲǸ̵ģֻ֮ǰԼǰαΰˡ
԰꣬ٻױݣٷ
Ԭ˵ױƷϣʼžͿͿĨĨ
࿴ŶԷڱϷ
Ĩ˵һĨָͷƵ㣬ԭȻҪķƾͳˡ
¶˵ڣȥղͼͶŮĸˡ
ٷȥãһ㽫
׸ɫΧҲסˡ
಻˼ٶꡣ
˵ˡ
ϳԬòЩͻȴˣԬ˵û˻ỳԱ
һλڶͨŮòˣƽ͵糾ͣ·϶˶עһۡ
˵࣬Ҳе㿴ˡ
ǵķӦԬޱ⡣
һֹû˲
һھƹǸ¸µѼɤЦ
Ԭһۣɤӣٶȿڡ
ˣһˣֵˣֵܡ
һͷҸܵǲǻûʰãȥ
Ԭֿקסĸ첲
ôˣ
ơ
¶Īı飬˼ͷһͷҲһʹ˰ɡ
ࣺ
ˮתǲʱδ
ԬٺѸղűЦһ

Ϻӭ޲ۣȥո£Ҳϸ塣
ĿˣӦøոպá
ࣺ
Ԭбۣôţ뷴ڣ
Ȼ
಻׷۲У˸ɴ¶
ףԬֵͷһ󣬴·һۡ
ɫƵͲ泤ۣס˿ڣСұʡ
಻СұҲ뵱Сұ
ࣺУ˵ǿҪ׵Ľˣá
ԬﲻˣɫֲǺɫѾˣʱ䲻ˣϻҪɽȥҸǻϣĥĥģǻӣ
Ҳ࣬һ·ί£ȻϺóԵġ
࿪ʼңϰ壬⣬ÿ¾ͭнˮθһˣӵСû˲˵ҪŮװĶұҸҵ
ƣн
ࣺ˻ȥһʱҲϲ˰ˡ
ƣ㳤١
ࣺʵͦĺʨͷ
ƣÿ
ࣺС
ƣ߲ұ㡣
ࣺ
Էһ£ʱԼԭҪ˵ʲô
ˣϽ·
ԬͷߴٵѾȥˡ
ҳȥѷ磬ǻʮӵʱ׼ץ
Ƶͷһۻ߳š
ε̫ɣܲСģߵɽĵط۷ȥ
̤Ժӣɫ۵û
Ŀԣ΢΢һ
ǡࣿ
лҪ˵εΣˣ~~




113 
ۻǼۡ
Ƹղûϸһۡ
ǰû֮ǰ, ۶մﶬƵ, е¿ʽʵأȫҪڴϺʱǰ, Щɫ, ǰ, ȷʵ㶼ۡ
ͻȻ֮䷢
ǳǳɫ, ɫ, γ
ţ, Ϊ
Ҳ, ҪǴ۵Ǹˡ
ıЩŤ
ٱŤҲס˵ľޡ
ݸ, ҲΪԬôһۣ׽ȥñһ£Ȼ˺ԱӱŮӸӲʵĲȻ, ע档
֪ú, ֻǴ˿̲˸е֪
һ̻ҹȻը, ݼţǰ³õĲӰþòɢ
عùͣһһݣ, ֻǰˣʵڵġ
źɹĹ̽
ͷܵٶȿȷ˽ٺѲʼ;ʲôҪˡ
ֻҪ˻ţһоͶƿɢֹ
С
ƺȻ
̫ˣС֮ͽҪǱ˶ϣǻ뷨Ӱƽ鷳һ·ǵ͵Ϊܳκ顣
ԬĦ°ͣҲе
ϸƤģͺÿɫͿڣ󷴵ע⵽ڸߴΣҲǺ¡
ƵԲؿ󣬵һЩٰѶͷŪһ㣬ɫŪһЩüëٺһЩ֬Ͳˡ
԰ɣԬһˣ۾
䵹ҡ
֣۾ҷȥˣ
⸱вУ
ͳ۾ݹȥ
еӣƽʱϰԴţΪݺԼ񷿻ƵĽɫͰ۾ժϡ
ԬͷһۣУ̫ʱˣ
ƣ
ԬңͷҲ̧
Ҫڿ۾һȥͻأˣôעĿֲԵ⡭ˣ
ͷ׷һڿ۾ࡣ
Ͻԣ
ࣺôһȥͷΣ
Ԭүӵϻ
ࣺ
Ԭ¼Ȩûˣһ۽⿴žƬû˵ʱժ
۾಻ò΢΢𣬺ڿ۾Ƿȷôˡ
Ԭְļٷһ£˸٣ȥϹѧãеĻŮӡ
ʱô˵ǷȥֶͬУȥǶӡָƣأѾյĳѧƸ飬׼ȥ顣
ָࣺ֮ңԼҲģͬɷһȥչӡ
ࣺ
ȷԼǵˡ
һʱ
ƹˤһ·װưͰôţ
Ԭһ֣㣬¶ˣ´ϣ¶˺ᣬˣ㻹û
ࣺȣҲЩϹѧõŮӣҲвġ
ԬȻϹѧãӻЩͳᴩӣ£׼˼жĶУòŴԼҲô
˵óһУָԼһУҿӣⲻˣֵˡ
ࣺ
ҲԬı䣬ͬǰǷݳһѹѹƽ£
Ƥññʱ򵹻ǿԱģҲ㱾ɫݡ
²˳٣˽Ϥʰһ£Ҵɽ
ЩǮҵƣнг֤ͨɾ˳ǡ
˿СŵǣгûԳӭԬǷһЩ̫ˡ
ͬеˣȻս𣬵ʵǺˣһԼʮһ㣬ҲʮˣһԬͰϽӣСϽֶ˾Ͷմ״ˡ
ʱˣ˳˳ǰվ򵥶һں档
ڽгİ£ײıһڳҾǵλĳᣬһСײģ֮Ψֲȥҡ
һж˳Ǹһ䣬ԶߵɫҴңأֱµһ̷ų˿
ͷûλ򣬶ȵȵã磬Ѱ˿β
Ͻóƻָˡ
ȽʣҴö࣬һ·Ҫʲô˵
СǸڶгЦģԾ͵壬ȫϯɣ
ϽһЦָԼȫϯûУϺһ
⣬װĵ˴ӵмñ˴Ҵ߹Ǹһȳᡣ
УɱεҲһл𳵰ɣ
䣬ԬƼͬ
죡
лҪ˵εΣҹϣǰ100ͺΣ




114 
ȳ᲻һȳ, Զӵ, ҵģ˾Աɫܲ, 꽫, ʱһȳ֮
һȳҲԶ, Щڼƻأƾһ, ʹ, λ̫, ԷʱҪ, ԲҲҪ, ΪҫԼǮ
վȳᣬǱ뻹ǿ԰ġ
ܿ飬ֻ˯򷢴
𳵵ҡ, ȴ˯
, Ҳû˯, һԺԴһһ㣬ϵϻ㻬ȥ
ְƺá
ԬϽ̸쵱죬ְѹúܵ, ˵ʲô
˯ţתͷ޵޻Զɽ
ʹʱգɽǰƻǳ˰Сʱȥүӡ
Ϊ֪ڽ֮ܳһʱڣܲл
ⳡó֮ʼΪүӵĺ¶أȻֱ;ڹүĹǰ
Ƴ֮ʱҺ͹ؼѶŲĸǰֻƬ飬Թؼûκθ飬ؼҶˡ
үǰµһ֣ȴһжˡ
ĸǰӲԼԶߣһܻڣЩźģҹΪֲźһʹжԹ͵ȥˡ
ʱ˵үƣֿͷ
ƶүӵĹ۸кܸӡ
˼һţҲϺлҳĽ档
ϲӣȴܲͷһʣѶδıΪؼһӡ
ҪүӻţΪؼ࣬ҲùؼҶɽ
ϧˡ
үһȥԬ˵ؼΨһһѵˣǹү
ֵܣľΪ׾࣬ÿؼһĻĻĵҵϷݣ˴򽻵
ʱˣ޷¹ؼң޷ȹؼڿѣֻװɵ
ѵˣҪܱȱ˸ʹࡣ
䱦˳ӹؼ˳Ҳٲ˹æԸԬһ뿪졣
Ԭ˵°뱲ӵĸ˸ȥﶼûóãֵܶףլӣһգؼҾͻڡ
ԬȰֻɵȥˡ
ƿÿ˶Լ·֪ǶľСţشҲܻһУĸ׵꣬
Щ;ڣͷ߸ĵЩȴһ·ߵͷ۶Դ
񣬴ǰ
Ȼһ
Ʋףֱᵽˡ
ûƿԷǵˣöԷøЩ

һʶĶ
עԷüζر˯ʱ
֪ǵǹ˵Եʣÿܻʹϰ֣ڸԼĦ
ҹɫһ·ڽҰۣΧ徲
ٳֵҲҪƬЪϢӵ԰
һԽʱգǰĹص
ˡ
ִѣѳ˿ǣУлδϴĳ˿ץϴ
Ǹûϴ©֮㡣
ڵˡ
Χлͱ˵ģ˼ָزϧģļе˾͸ˣпϵԱаѧУʦвŮͬѧ
ƾĿȴûǰҵԼҪȵǸˡ
ƣ˭𣿡鲻ͬѧ˵Ҫеģ֪ôڻû˵಻أҿҲˣϴɣʱ䣬ȥ˷ǵøдŰͬѧ
ƺӦһ΢΢Цţ۾Ѱ
ִٶ졣
ܼߴϼװ塣
ڳ֡
ȹһ·Сǰͷб紵ɢ޽ɢƽᡣ
ͬѧȻȻΪóһͨϸĵͬѧæסײ·ˡ
Բˣƣ˵һȥǺü꣬üЩģ·ϳ԰ɣ
Сӵݹ
滹ӣ߽жĹ
ƵлӹҲԼû֮еľϲ
ôô
ǣţеµˡ
ƲԹɫˣ
ǿһЦûлش𣬵˵𰸡
үˣ
ѣЩˡ
ʱѾݲٶ˵һл
ֻӣתݡ
ٻѾڼװˣվڰϵĹˣмһǳǳĺ塣
δɢ廹ڸۿڣùе񴫵ݶ̡
ͬѧҲڳ֣ǺڰƬһĨɫ
Цòڼ֮ȴģ
ѾԼʱڵʲôȴһֱǷź
Ҳֻѡԣˡ
һμ࣬¿κĽ档
̹ĵʦڸһ˵
Ƶһоǣÿ
ƯˣŮŮУԼҲòúÿǾ˵ԷƯѾԽƼľ󲿷ˡ
Ǹ걻쵽ԼǰӣΪͬͬѧ
Ҳ֪࣬һȽټգһͦر֡
Ϻ˵󲻴˵ССѧļͥȻҲȥȻģֻһ̣һ漰ûʲôֹڳʶˣС̸֮ʲôġ
ͦ˵ٷĵʷ£٩䣬ҲϹ٩˵ĻмȣڵʱƿǸѧˮ׼ˡ
Լ˵Ҳˆ£ȴԸ˵䡣
֮ԨԴʼ̸۵أһܡ
һ·ѧУ棬Źͬѧüͷȥֹ˭֪ۣȰܵĶŹȭͷƱѪԣ˺ܿŤʦ֣ǳлذ칫ңÿ˹ؽдֽмҳ
һŵСֻʱ߸ϵķݶʱΪͬѧܶŹʦ֣ǽˣºֻ֪ǰͬѧͷ򱧲ƽҲԹ
ǳԸ񣬱ضġ
֮ûٸʹӡ
۱һӣҪȥһӣ̨ͬޣΪһиŮϺȣڱʱŹȣ࣬ˡ
ǸŮж
ʱŮͬУεȻɷ磬ѧУϺȷ֮һҲͬУͬ࣬ŮְѧЩǶ޵һ䡣
ѧУгΣƾˣůʱ￴顣
ĳοȴ¸ƻˣĺף鱾ϡ
Լɲ뵱ţ٣ţҲǱƻҵġ
̧ͷһ
ʱ
Ҳǹģֻ
һЦſϴ˯ֻ
е߶ȣѰ˼ԼɺͰקһٵĿԣ֮׼ˡ
ӱʮ겻
ȴֽסڿʲô飿
ɫΨĳɼһ㣬޵ӢģǸ޵ķΡ
ôŹĻᣬü㿴
˸Ƿ̫Զˣ壬㲻˵ˣ򰲰ɡ
ƣӢԭġŷҶ㿴˵Ҳա
һҵһǿ˰죬ǿʲôû뵽Ҳ˶Ů鳤»йף崡
ޱ룬ϲʲô£
ߣĻȴҪ̱һЩܰѶʮӢĸԭ飬ڵ㣬ûʸ񡣡
ࣺǵҲǣ˼뾳͵ˣϲԼǳıΪҫȴ¡㲻ʵҲϲĹֻܴѰҼ̫ˣ
ָԼǰĵ档

༷üŪۣҡ
ʮҲг嶯һ棬ȥ
һǻŭܴӣۿҪֱ࣬ȥקˣ˸קûԼһЩˤȥ
ؼʱ̣Ǹ춷òֺͷȻһѣ

Ȼ壬˻һˤȥ
ıѹ£첲ֱˡ
֮ټ죬»صѧУʱǸָ㽭ɽֵꡣ
ûȥ̽
֪ģһÿαԷëȴҲ˵ݵĻ
ߵúܽ
ѧУȻǲѧ̸ġ
֮Ľޱͺģ
˹컯ղߣΧһͬѧ޿ָժ
ҺͶżŵԣ˵˫ҳҲּɣöҵ֮ͽ顣
Ҳö
ĿȴʱڶǸϡ
ʱƾһ֮õĲԲ
Զ
죬ܺãѧУż٣ƴͼݽ飬ѧУĥһ翴꣬תһȦȴҲһû˵ĳΡ
ų˰ռ˯
̫ݳˡ
˷˸
ࡣ
ҲֻŸɵó¡
פ㣬Զ
Էϸǵ·ϡ
ָһ
ԥᡣ
ҪҪȥԷ·ϡ
һ룬롣
һӣӡ
ȶվˣ޲Сһժ仨һռ
Ȼ˹ȥˡ
Ƕ
·ϡ
۾գЦ
裬һˡ
ƺȻԼǸɵơ
ԥתߡ
ʱΪΪ֮żȻ
ǲŻ֣ᷢʵڤڤ֮еıȻ
лҪ˵챾ǰ100ԻͺѼ




115 
Ư;﷦ζ
һɫճ, ƾͲкޱʫˡ
ʼ, дš
˺ü, нһ顣
һǡŷҶ
˼ҳ
ԭѿ, αҪġ
鶪еĳ, ˺úѧϰӢģ֮, abcd˵ˡ
ûܵȵˡ
Ҳֻѹˡ
дŵĶкܶࡣ
, 塣
ѧ¸صʦҲмλƴԺ󾭳, ѧʵġ
ϲԺ, ;ǧƪһɵķ羰ʳûаȤ
͸ûտЩŮ鳤, ǸԸ⿴ȥ˷֮󣬶ŷξþȫλ۲졣
кܶдġ
СڹڳɳȻԶ, ȥһңԶİĹ, ҲǼ, ҲǸϤĸϤԶȥҪ˵ûа̻ǾԲܵġ
ϳɵ꣬Ҳֻһꡣ
ķ羰ҲǷ羰ҵҪһߵ, ֮ĵãи־ͬϵĻߣ磬ǳܣǲį֡
дˡ
һһ⡣
кܶ໰˵Щдֽ
ȴʼûмĳȥ
ÿдһ⣬ϸãӽ󺣡
һһ⣬ֱִŷޱ˰Ųдš
ȥ¾ഺ䣬г
Ȼ䣬˼糱ľȼɻңһ򿪣ЩȥĶ˲ӿԺ
ˡ
Щżÿһ⣬ȫûʳƺ
дԼдˣչһԶ޷ĵˡ
ࡣ
Ҳˣ֮󣬵׼عʰԼһذ֣ʱΪǶٱǰڵϵһֱ˿̷ŻȻ
һĹһֱߵģǵԼ˴ˤ֮ˤƳѪóѪġ
ΪԼ֮Ľ֣Ҫôѧҵ֮ͽ飬ټ죬ֻһȥϴѧŵԽͯŮٺʲ
ʶȥעˣǵκϢǵҸۿ֡
»ع֮ҲûпȥĽֱϺ¶֡
żǧţǾӣ¾ʧƣҲѸ֮ν̻Իͣⱦ
Ψû֡
Ϊͯȴ;˳ձЦ
û䣬һҹޱ䣬żһڻ飬Ůޣңæ͵ܵϣʣļҲƣΪһǰ̡
Щǰûڡ
ҹӣ䵽ҪһСԱĹϵȥľֻһݲ¡
ǰǸΣҫ۵꣬Ȼ䵽§ŮЦϷŪ˼ȡ
ֱͬ꣬꣬ʱԶԶദʱ䡣
ѧʱҲ޼䣬ǳִ֣ܡ
ڰ賡ٶȼԷʱֻĸо
תת˻صԭ㣬ȴѾǼϤӡ
ɾϤģʲôҲ˵
ʱ˿̣»ݣʵص϶Ϊһ
ɽˮǳ¼֤µѪҲ֤ʹԻ͡
ʶһΰɡ

ҴĹȥδ
һУϸˮ
ͷĵ˸˸ֳװȥڳױһƬڰ
Ƽһᣬѡ
ôû˯Է۾˾䡣
ȴʣ֮ǰΪʲôҪƲ˯ţ
΢㶣û뵽ͻȻ
һͦصģˣ첻Ӧеصز飬仹ҹҲΪԼˣںҹĸоڶǡ
Сȴޱȡ
ûҲ˯ţеȥ˯˯ģҾͦ
˵գ˸ǷֿʼԺ
Ƶ˯ɣҡ
šȻȻۣ
Ҳ˵˯⡣
ߡ
ڽվݾͣ
ԬȴЩ˯š
񫷸ˣ򼱡
ð죬̫̫Ҳг̵ģⲻϡ棬ȳûϴ䡣
мͣһӵĿյҴ³Ѱ˸Ƨ˵Ľ䣬ȰѸˣٸϽһֶ̣룬


ϣһȳᡣ
ƽֶԷ
ԭ̸£ѾѾڴ򿪣һ롣
Ȼû˷Ӧ
Ǹ߹ӵܣﲻãƽвȴòѯʡ
û°ɣ
ѯһ䡣
عָ棺ȥ
лҪ˵Կۣе٣~~
ǰ¸ĺһֱûɣΪ̨ǳ飬ԣʵڲֶֻˣԵһ =33=




116 
ĸˣ
ƽһͷˮ, ѭָȥ
, ŮŮҹ߻谵, , էȥòࡣ
۳ɫҴ, ܿʧȺɰա
ȳȥ, ȥ, ˸ҵ
ƽ˭Ů, Ǻγࣿ
ԭǸϵʿ, к, ղҿˣģȴɸŮģñȹ, ȹɫ, ɫ
ƽ
εΪ², Ѱġ
кŮǵʿȹӣŮ
ջعҲԼЩЩûͷûԡ
ȥ˵һ¡
ûϴԭڸɽϵĹʿ, ҸɽʱںȻаŮװڴ˴бйŹ֣
ôһ˵ƽҲˡ
лнгõĹ餣˵ҪϷȥصġ
¶Ӷı飺Ǹ˳ͬһл𳵣Ϸ˲ǹ𣿡
ƽǴˣǰг̣ԲһˡϷ˵ĹӦڻᣬм仹ŶȳȳᣬԶӦ޷ġ
սĸˣͣ鳬վˣ˵˸ΣһҪɽȥݣʱҾ;ô²ԡ
ƽʣôﲻԣ
ս𣬳ŷӸҰԣоŹ֣ŪʲôıƣûУܳûץİѱѵǺ£
ƽĵŪ˰ԭǵͬ졣
˱Ůˣʿ̫뷨ίʵ쿪Ȱҿſòƣˡ
ҡͷҶ˹ĿϵĶҺϤϻˣϴȥȳᣬѽҳпɵ£뿪гˣͰҳǰǡ
ƽü¶֮ͬɫϵġ
ȻȻûг
ƽλԵιû취ֻô˸ᡣ
ӽڶῪʼھζӵĿ˵ᣬζŨЬӣʣĸϵζиˮζ
ǺƽӣѬûȻҪתܵĳ嶯
ɫȹɫްŷٵ긾Ů
յƽһңȥ긾Ů񶼷Ҫӡ
ͷģ˯ģȹʲôɫģƽ̽ͷפϸ۲졣
֮˿ĿⶼŹŹ֣רųֵĲɻ
ƽ
Ҳ
Ҳ밲ڵһůȿȡ
˭Ķͷ˾Ƕɺüɵιأ
ƽԩΪԼһոװ̾˵ȥ֮󻹲֪ˮܸǹһζ
ڶǸɫ۴ñģӦþǽˣҼ
ԱߵӺȻ
ƽϽȥ
һŮ
һһڵ̸ﻹŶ
һһŮ˯
ŮĿȥҲΪᣬ˵
ȥ
ϽŹӣС˵ڵ£䲻һ£ĹƤ̽ȥ
ڽеλƢͽҪתͷˡ
ġ˭
ƽһʾͲǵĳ˿͡
ǽɣպΣĻҪ飬˵ˣһۻôȥһɣ˸λã
տԲܲץˣƽȴ³ç
Էô˵ҲǽгˣгĸТ˽֪ܹ׻ģȻҲŵùϼˣҲҪˣƽɲƾյˡ
Ͻ¶ȻȴȻ衣
Сΰлĺ⣬вܵ󣬺߻ͰϷ˵Ĺ餣ҵһҪпţ򲻸⡣֪ǷҲڳϣ
ƽЦûڣСеģ򣬰
Ͻ֣ǷСҵϴɥͲȥʺˣ˱һдˣл
ƽ˵ļ϶һۡ
ɫۣûȹɫ
ǾͿ϶ˡ
˵ˣ⼸λǣ
ֶҲսҲǽˡ׾ֶǽӵ˱ѧƸ飬һǰְġ
Ͻ˵գ쳤첲ƶˡ
пˣʺãλǺ˾ͬš
¶γѵãȻʱ廹һ¡
ãλӡ
嶼ƺ棬˾ãš
ƽҲûϸȥԷ˵ʲôֻϽֶϱĳüĿ㣬ŹͦͿɶ࿴˼ۡ
ԷƺְͷһЩ
ǸȻԲסûʲô棬ֻˣϻ𳵵ܾʡ
ࣺ
˵õľûһΰ
Ӧ죬ƻ䣬ͷС¶ʹı顣
Ӻˡ
ơϽС𣺡
£
Ʒ£ѱӵݵߡ
˽һԸ鲻Сޡ
źصѣƽҲൽ׻ûмˣ˵״ȤܿתϽ𣺡ûһ𣿡
ϽڼչСأǱ߰ٺˣٽȥ
ƽͷ⿴ǳ򣬾ǲߡ
ȻˣҽȥϷ˿ĸͷɣϻϷɥϣ÷֮ûüϻʵڹⲻȥ
Ͻܣлĺ⣬ڻҲǺܷ㣬ûеƣһţͲˡ
ƽǺܼ֣ҾͿĸͷģᾪϷ˵ġ
ϽСһۣȥͽɣǻ
ڣһյ΢Ȼſ
Ǻƽú͵ơ
һײķڼС棬ǰ滹һСźڰƬһ¯ӣѾȼϸ㡣
ƽʵڲͷ
ΪذǺģ²֪˹ٶж²ϸ
ѳͷϽԱ߿ţƽֻűӣϷȫס
ҺϽסض࣬ͱˣȨ˴£ϹҲȫϷ˻½ġ
ƽǿǾ㡣
֪ս˿ϷźڰƬе}ˡ
֪һ磬һ£ú͵ƸϨˡ
ƽһҪͷִ
ëȻͷƤ飬˲ֱתߣͷҲһ仰
ˣͻȥ㱨ǻᣡ
ƽûϽСһЦ
ãԬӽĨ˰Ѻ
ɱˣ
Ͻô֪˹
ԬûҸո·һᣬûȻεڳԱ߳ԶϽˣô࣬εԼ϶쿴ҪŪᴩ
ƽȥ֮㱨ţԼûп˵Ǹ
սŽɣһ˵ַ֮籨ط죬ȥɽ쿴ȥ˻ظ˵ӰûУ˵ʲôϵʿСʿˣžϵȷԼϲûп
Ϊʱӣϵʿܵˣ˵ûƾûݣȥҽгʣ֮Ͳǵĵ̣ҪȥץԬˣҲǸǵ顣
ν󺣣޼Ѱ
ЩǺˡ
лҪ˵Σ




117 
ô, ·, Ƕи
ԬһصȳᣬΪ˰ȫ, , Ϸ˵һ·Ļ, ֱ𳵵ִﱱ
𳵿վһ̣ظ
ӷǵľĶ, ;δ, 㲻ʹ
гڱ߻Щд˼֮, λݴѧĽԹ, Ԭһȥլ, ٽǨıﻤС
λ֪ĿģҲ֪ӶЩжôףԬǹǾϹ
λޱɶǧ, Ϊ˸屦, ͻΧ, ðգ˵ȸ߷ڣʵҵ岻ѣгһչ̩񰲣ؼգ˱ػλĹ빦£
ԬܲЩ秵һ, ƽһѻ˿̶ưֺͣˣ˵˳
Ѱ˼ԼôҲÿǫ䣬͵֮屦ƥ岻ݴǣλؿǸϽȽϷ˰֮󣬰˻ȥհ׵Ҳշġ
ڼԵȻǽü֮磬ɽˮ
ࣺ
Լŷ١
˵㣬˵㣬ӡ֤ǸŮкܵʵ
Աͻأüҳ鴤¡
ڼ׼״ãȻԼ˵ʲô
æס⻰ʹˣλŮʿǳԼľ򣬾Ǹӹɷ沨ΪˣҾѣŸӿɹ󣬵ΪʱŮ֮ģ
ЦԷǣλԭˣΪ˳з㣬˶Ŀװİġ
ڶĿ࣬æǸ
Ԭ̲סЦ
С֮ⲻ˫Ҫֵ
ԬȻҪλߣү֮иȻҪŻͱһ·£˵űػ
°뱲ӣҲЩϵһˡ
ƣûϺ
ԬԼǰ֮ĶԷ¶̾
һΪⱲҲˣû뵽ڷط֪꣬ö˶˵ģҲͷˣϸһԺԸأҲ֪²ٻᣡ
ࣺ㰲ҲÿǳɻˣܲһӶôȥҿϣ»ټʱСҸɵҵˣ
Ԭһǻ˸бһ˵ʱȥ߰ˣֵɣǾô˵ˣټһӣҪУиŮǲźýס
ЦʱˣͲиĸ֮ý֮ԣˣȢɣҪȻСӾҵƯŮ
Ԭ̧ߣֿ˴Ӵһûˤڵء
ҵţбµͷ£ȥϺˣ
ˣϽ߰ɣ㻰࣡
ϽЦ䣬ǹ֣ϴקקˡ
ߣؼˣ
һӣǾߡ
֪ҪϺղλ˰˻ϺĳƱ
ӱϺûֱͨгҪȴӱ۷ͨ·ϾٴϾϺ·νһۡ
ھȻҲôáҪȫࡣ
ûƾͰ˸ק
ڻŮװ㣬ﱻϳҲʲô°ɣ
һȻв˶ƣǾŮüĿ㣬ֹȴ󽲾
뻻ԭ·Ŀ顣
ˣȥг쿪ˣϳ˵ٻ
Ʋݷ˵˾ߡ
һ·ת£ƽ˳޲޴¡
ΨһСС⣬վ³ʱһ̫õˡ
Էһӭʺ˰죬֪˽Ϊ֪Ůٻˡ
ٻ½ͷʢʷϬóС˵з̬¶ԣдȴ˿˿ʤϲƷȴ̲סһ߿һ껹ҪſĻвȴҲв֧
ȻٻƷڱطͷҲš
ٻʵߣ˵մŮյִ򣬾ڳվȺһźڰƬȴѷ뾩಻ţҪԼǩ˳㷢롣
ɶǣƾô嶵ϷվԱҲԼ塣
޿ֱ̣˵һдĶ˿ŶԷ֮ʣƿ첽뿪ǰ˾
мڴˣҪȫͷſϼ̡
Ļʵ¼ȨôϾţǵȵϾٻҲ١
ޱиƢǺܲģҪһ·ˤˣСȭͷɷҿٷһ̡
ƿġСȭͷһۣ롣
ǻڸҸùݣϴ軻·̰ɡ
лҪ˵٣ȡЩӸһ䣬¶Ǻɵ~




118 
Ͼ, гڳ
յô, Ҳ쵽Ͼ
Ͼǰͷˡ
пػһȦ, ˮѼźзư
˿Ҳûҩ, ӶǻҴҴ֮, һ·£Ϊ˶ĶĿ, ϴ軻·, ûпϾ¼˿ڡ
Ѱ˸ҽš
ҽе÷, Ƽ, ۾һ, Ӵһ
²ѵÿŰݷðģ
ƣûͲ㣿
ҽЦȻǿԣܳ, 㵱깼һǻ, ־䶼û¾Ͳ, ͻȻ֣Īֲյĸ壿
էȥ֮ƺԨԴǳ
ƼڳһϷı飬ֻö䡣
ռͣͥҲУѡ㻹ǵڶ˵ҽ, ͬѧҲĸƨ档˼ѧҽ͸ѧ˼ѧ͸ѧơ
ʲôиƨ棬ѧҽҾѧҽѧģҽ¶һ룬ȻӦȵȣڶ
ƣϾҲϾ˭֪һǹֱ˼ƭˣζܰɣ
ҽڶ
ƴʣҽ˿ڵġ
ͥƣ߰벽á
ǼҽȰ
ҿ
óࡣ
ȸɡ
ǹ˰ɣãûӵƬ棬ĸɣ
һ·û°˿ڶе㻯ŧˣһͻϸȾ˵Ҫ֫ÿң
ôţƣַûҺðɣ
ڶʲôطڿ˵˰ɣ˵ģ
ҽ߶߶ûͣ
޿̣ڷ죡
ҽ⣺ôʹ첻ˣ
ü㲻׷ȥɣ
ҽЦмҵΪҪȥ죿ʲôط㲻֪
ƣҿķǣġ
ҽĻǷǮҲ䣿
ƣֻǷǮ
ҽ˵ˡ
ͷƵĸ첲ҩ
죬ÿҩһΣ˵ܣͷһַˣһȷˣôոеȱ
ƵǳƱѾˣȻͻϺ˸СʱϾܵңҩҲ١
ҽûȰ
һȥʲôôܵǹˣҲˣ
üǣ
ҽʡ
ƣ˽£˵
ҽ鴽ǣҲ˽£
ƣûˣֻǱҺȥæѣڷòˮֲ˼㻹֪ʲô
ϴ˿ڣҽɴ첲˼Ȧᡣ
էŹϢڶѡ
ʹвţһ¡
ʿſڳ֡
ҽ֣׺Ϳ֡
ϢƬ̣ȥĲˡ
ţԼԼ˵
ûвǷŵĽ̸ͻ˯ҽ뿪ʱĶһһЩ
ҩˣ߰ɡ
Ƶͷһۻгʱ仹磬Ϣһɡ
ͷ˵Ͼ˳ȥ𣿡
æûʱҵġҡͷ˶ֵүӱɥڲģҴ粻ͬȥҶһܣ˽ȥġңҪ£ʱֵѰڽһʡ鷳
̾ʵͦĽģ
ƿ
ࣺ㲻д㣬ֳûʱҽҳʱҾزһڹڣֵܣôҲиӦ
ƣô˵ң֮Žģ
ͷҲû뵽ȥ֮Լ˸˵ҽ뿪֮󣬾һұӦƸУԣ˵ǼұһƸõŮԣ򸾾ҽ̤ʵԷܸ˾ͽˡҿǷ࣬ҪǵûѼǮߣҲôæԼ޳ȥҽô·ˣ֮󣬼ȹӷشҲµģ鲼ϸǰֻ³ڶ˵˷Ǯ
֪Ϊʲôң֣Ҳٻ죬ԭַʽԽھΡ
һֱȥʵȴϸġ
ΨϸģûԼϡ
԰ҽҪֻҪ̫֣Ҷ
ü飬ôû˳ӣ
̯֣Ҳкʵѡɣϲҵô࣬ҸҪȢˣûûУ˰ɣһҽҽ򳳼ܰͷۣ޲Ρ˵˵Ȣô
ȢֲȢô
ࣺɩСɩӲ쳳𣿡
ƣǻᰵԴףᵱҴ泳ԭҴҪӭȢ̫̫ʱҴɩһԵģҸȥȰҴ磬粻סһǱߵҲܲţҴɩ˭ҲκβֻĬˡ
˸Ƿأ
Ϳʼˡ˾ڴǰһһͻݣ·ҪֻҪҴһߣԭα¶צҴɩϾҴҲû飬̫̫ȴ谮Щ˻ƺ⣬Ҵ紧װͿ͸Ϸһǵķ̡
ûӦŤͷһڻ˯̲סЦˡ
һǰǼҵļµ˯ǰأ
òҵᣬ˵˵ҵ飬Щţôôʶô
˴Էĸ첲޷Ӧ
ͷαȻܹɱذ
̾˿
ࡣ
ֳڣǧȴô²
໰ڻ˵ǧء
˵벻˵û
ԷҲ֪
Ƹʵǡ
ڹĵ£Լסʱθ룿
ࡣ
ĽŲס˩ߣƾչᣬҲɲ
źչʴټһ飬Ҫʽֲ
డ
սѪȥƴ̵࣬Ϊֵսѿս࣬ԭùҹԵȴΪյһΪʧ䱦ع֣֮ðΣյࡣ
ƲҲԼ뷨ȥҪȦ
ʧõ䱦ϸļǻƾŹâء
ˡ
࣬ǧذתﻹݰ
ҽ֪ʱ֣٩顣
ҳȥ̡
ȥˡ
ҽſվƬ̡
ԶȻӷ򿪿ڡ
װ˯ˡ
лҪ˵ĩѼǰ100ͺ~




119 
һ, ΢, ˮƶҪ
ҽǳ鶯
߽Էļ
ѡ
һ, Ժ, һ¶
ţ˿ѿˣ
ҽĴָϻ˵, ǾͲôһλǶˣ
ûУֻš
˸Ƿ, , һô˯˯
ʹҪȥҽ˵ɼˡ
ҽɫһ, ٿȻݶ˪
ֱӰ˸֡
ûɼ, ʲô£
仰, ҽתˣû̸ཻ¡
Ƣе
һʹĲӣſ, ּ˯ˡ
Ǽʶ˯Ĺˡ
Լ̻, ໹˯, ʱҲ磬ͳȥһȦɫʱȻ˯ƴ֮û
ҽ岻ѡ
һΪװ˯û뵽˯, ϱӵͶ̥ɣ
ƿһۡ
ҽ˫֣ãҲ˵ˣλϽɣһŻؼҳԷأ
ƽ༸ûӦֻȥơ
Űѡ
۾һû˯ӡ
ȥվˣؼ˯ɡƵ
˯ʣһ־磬վԹԸں棬ģһָһ˷żҪɡ
ֻںž͸ˡ
ʱִ٣һȳ򲻵ˣֻ򵽶ȳᣬ֮ǰʱȳᣬҲҪ̫࣬ϻͳԵģҪԼ׼ʳͦ
Ļ˯ڿ֮̽ˡ
ԭֻ͹Ӧģ˶Եùһڣڳ˿Ǿ£ڽ̨һʩǱһȳĲͳҲʼӦвˡ
Ȼȳĳ˿ûЯʳǾֻͣվǵʱŴСĽǮֻռһˮӳ伢
żӵζ
Ӹ͵ǰû۾ûгζδ֪ˡ
ײڣ㹽ǲǣ
ƣ
аһҧǡ
ǹӰɣ
һЦͨԵ
Ҳˡ
һ·Ƕ£תͳ;ԣֻƣɼˣԣѾǾľƣˣϵСûġ
ȻڵִϺҹɫѾ콫١
ϺĴȱվҪůˣ·ż
ԼĪһͷˣ⧲˸硣
ҽ϶߶ˡԣڲܻؼҡ
ô
˻ûȫȥ϶ֱҽʣ˵ӳîƶҺú˯ˣҽȥǱ߽ҿɳȽɣ˳׺ȫٻȥ
ٺЦգۡ
ҪôͲܣҰڴɨһµĿͷҲġ
ƣ֡
ûзԾǴӦ֪ϵĵںϽ
ϾѾ˵绰ݣ˵ԼϢҵ˾͵Ⱥڻվǡ
ϤףϤһ˻֮࿴ʲôУ˾Цøá
ֵ˾̲סЦүͷԵˣ
ɵûԵСûģ˵ԴǼүͿʼͷˣǸ첲ǹǹһԴҲһGӶ
˾ӺӾһۣ΢΢ɫ
үҪˣ˭֪˵ĻȴԼĲһ
ͯ޼ɣſھʲôë
Ϊүһ仰
һڿЦֵõ棡
˵ǻδȷʶԼѻ칦ֻ˵һΣһιʡ
˫һ̯һҲûǮ۰ɣܳԹܺȾС
⸱¿ˮ̵ȫûӡ
ڴϱһȦĽ͸߸ϵϣһ״򲻶ƤɳʯɽһȦмӵġ
ݵƻͨ
ųţվſڵ̨ϵãæ˽ԺӵŴ򿪡
үү
ЦӭȻƽؼʾ˼ߵ
ˣ
ƳͷժñӵݸԱߵˡ
ϹܼҲϰı֡
ƣ£඼ġ
ǲǲϹܼңֻǲֳľֹ
֮£ĶͿŶˡ
ֱǰϹܼһܱ
һˣûа
ĵӴ庮ҹﴫһʯͷƽĳҲˮ˯δ֪쵽Ļѡ
롣
ϹܼҲЦҲ̧ͷı
үˡ
棿ת˸ȦϹܼң˶٣Բ
Ϲܼ۵ôԣ涼ͷˣǳȥһʲôﰡ
ࣺˣҽ˿϶߶һ£Ҷûˣ
Ƚţſڡ
ƵǶƮֱӱ˳˽ȥ
ϹܼһЦڡ
˶׼ˣǻʱģոȣҲݣүȵҲүϲŹ
Ҳֻһݰɣ
˶ˣȵģƤԸʹ죬ҲܳԶ࣬ϲ˻ֶӡ
ϹܼԸʢҨ̻ʣ۵ıԽ¶
ͷ˶ٿ࣬㣬ҭţ
Ҳûʲô࣬˵ˣҪĲ˺óԣܾûԵģ
ͷҲ̧ŷ룬׽Ҳġ
廹ˣһ
ˣʲôˣ
ǹˣ첲һǹϡ
Ϲܼҵһȥϵҽ
ˡü̧ʾϹܼң£ǻ·ϿҽˣŸջҩûʲô󰭣ٿҲ٣Ƕˣ극ϴЪ˰ɡ
ϹܼҲģӵȡˣ
ƣǣİɣǿҽУѣҽտҵļͥҽ
Ϲܼ̾үȦɼ࣬ʱڼҺúţû¾ͲҪˣүҲЪ°ɡ
ҧ̧ͷڿɳһ޾С
ϹܼңʲôɳҶѿͷʰˣڿͷ˯
޹ɸղ˵Ҫұ֣žò˯䡣
ϹܼҿƣһĲͬ
ƣ
һ䶼˯ˣ˵ʲôˣװβǣ
ƫ廹һף
˯ľ˯ģõ𣿡
ϹܼЦƣүǵ춹ģֻ˯ˡ
ࣺ壬Ȼ÷ϴϴ
ϹܼңУҸá
ࣺϾϵ֬ûϴɾ
ϹܼңĨ֬ʲô
ίί·ҴŮװٰޣͲϳ
ϹܼҿƵı飬ֱƵϹŹˣֻûǷк񱡣
Ѿ˵ˡ
֪Ůװ飬ĸûꡣ
лҪ˵ڼҵСɣѼ




120 
ΪʲôҪŮװ, ͵ôǱܿĶĿ
˵, Ҫ˵Ϸ˱˵䱦
ƻڲԣֱӰг
ȻϹܼԼ, ¹ϵش, ȻԽ֪Խȫ, ֪̫࣬˵ҲδǺ¡
һ֮, һºõľơ
, 𻨾ƻ÷ˡ
;ƣǶԣһС澭, ˿˿ǣ, õ׵ķɡ
һûһ˵ڹؼҵļ, ؼҼֵܵĻƣϴԹʵһϲͨ־϶, «, װŪ, ߣȴҲԹүӷּҲޱĵݵûɫ
ԬⷿһĻ渵Ĺ£ɹתע
ڵķҲֵġ
ϹܼⱲӼ², ؼĵҲֱ񣬵ི죬̾˿
ʵү˵öԣǱȥһ˵ģƽﲻ˵Ȫ֪϶Ҳϣ鷢
Ʒ룬òͽ졣
Ҳȥȴĸǰһ׮ź
䱦֮֡
Щ䱦ܲܳƵϹ˵ԬãͬҲֻǹүǰðգ۾Ϊ˱ЩǵͲгһպһʷҲὫүӻĹдУ˵ͱ
ڣЩ黹ܣΪ˵Ҳ
ڼʱųⴳһˣȴֿʼҡ
һƣʱʱϢĸ壬빴Ķصߵ˻ıԼйǵļ׼ȷ;ķ糾
ԣȻļңסҲ޸
ԼԼ˿϶á
Ѱա
Ȼȥ˯ɳģ罫ͷʰ룬ͷȫɹµģӴȥżζ
¥һˣͶѩ档
޲һ֮ھͰܵĿȫ¯ĶûͣԭҪ¥ͣƲһͻҪ£˳ֽع
һԼﴲͷϣһ˹˺üţ󴫳һ

ŨأһҪ˯ȥ
Ŷ룬Ȼ֫չſڴϵӰ
һüͷѹ˿ˣ˯
޷Ӧ
ֶ߽Էϴͷûɣʪͷͷϡ

һ޷ܡ
Ȼ潫͵ʱʲôνصҿԷͿʼˡ
ຬӦһȴܳʵҲ
޿̣Զ֣ԡóɾëԷԴһǣʼꡣ
һ㣬ԶԣѨٰ
ôߣԴֱĶΪ⣬Ȼˡ

ǸĴү
ҪҼҾûû䣬˹Ǹõ廨һ¶ᴵ
Ҫ൱ŽļҲȥ˵Ƽ棬ΪѧȦӾô̧ͷͷƾͻ֪Էûи飬Ҳ֪ҵ顣
֪Σ
ʱԼҲǸַſڵĴүҸѧѺѣδӴǹ󾫲ʵ磬δʹ䲻ıºͼ߲εľ磬ûӦݺδܽԷԼΧڡ
Ҳǡôİš
ţµԴƾԲȫʧȥ
һüۣ泹׷˯ȥˡ
ԷͷѾɵò࣬ڶҲͷˡ
ʱȻȻص˳
ͷ뻹ûıѩ档
֣סһգս³
췢нˮˣٴ󡣡

ۣӴϵ
ڴߣ侲򶨡
ࣺ췢нˮˣ
ɵӵı顣
Уôܷнˮ
ࣺôٴ󣿡
Ƶİɣ
˴۵Сۡ
նҲ
ƣȻˣͰˣ⣬˷ѡ
ݸʩʩȻˡ
ࣺ
ʾ֭䣬ԼΣˣ

һڡ
ΪδûȥֱȥҲţҩҵļͥҽţҲһؼңȻ㿴һȳһգһҲҪۡ
뻹ҪȥѧУϿΣֱӾùˡ
Ҳģÿ壬ʮ˰ա
ǡǡҲòԵİ֣һѧݺݺεתüһɳüһְƤõĺʱɤӣʱͳϣ嶺ֲ֧ԼҲֺͦǣǶȤøɻʱΧԱ߿Ȳʡ
߾Խˡ
ֱ°ؼҡ
ƲôС
ֹȻʱûʲô£ȴһרҵѧڶʱ̫ԶԶٵʱ䣬˵ûѧУ֮⣬öϼڿΣ֮ǰѧµĿγ̲
˵ϢҲܿ

һ֪Էˡ
ȥ֮ǰʧٵϣڶƣͰæϵҡ
֪ǲڶƣԷͬҪɱ˵ȴߵ׺鱦ķڶ䲻
Ȼֻܸ࣬˵ǸûƣҲ֪Էǲǻڶ
ҲûֳĻɡ
ˣʵǴʱҲϣõ飬Լ˽⣬̫ˣΪȫ¶ΧתԸһǳţȥͷвͨ
һ˵ţ¶Ц
״ԺҾ͵ûˣҵĻԼҲ˸
ƳĬƬ̣Һź
ǹ߻˵Щ滰ģƽ￴һ˿ߣϾǸ޹ϵˣҲûа㻳ɡ
Ҳգ˷߶ˣý飬ǻ󹫹ȥʱֲ߹٣ȱơ
ƣһˡ
ܳ裬˵ҲһЩĴڣúܶ࣬ûһɼޣΪԼΨһΪԼ뿪ҿԺգԸԴȴĴ
ͬҪѹеˣװĽЩƣ֮ǧ
룬Զǵúװ֣ȴһסơ
ƵĸĸˣҲټǵ
°·ϣһ벻ˡ
˺һ󣬶Էϳƻ
ϰһٻؼңƲҪΪԼˡ
ģ˵ҪݣȻžĻЦ
ŵСһۣϲС͡
үү֪ˡ
һϲŭ档
лҪ˵εΣǰ100ͺ~




121 
ʱ, ĵط, һҡ
Ȼһ㡣
ϲҳԷ
лҳ̸˵, ֵĶԻ
, ֵܡ
Щܵ˵, ȻֻӇNɪƮƮȻ
ôڣʵ߶Ź, Ͱȥ, úýѵ
ͬеվſɫѰ, Ǹ
޷, ̫н, ͵ԼҺˣ
Ƴͷ⣬˴š
ئһʱֲǼٿò
֪Ƹɻ, Ҳ֪ͬѧ, ٶཻҲǹȥ, ئڹٳϻ죬̫ůǰ˺󳰷ٳû׵ûȥģȻֻһССƱصýܴǰƽƽЦͬѧ, һԾΪӵĴڵʵ
ղվ⣬ͷڣٿƵɫ㷣˵޵δҲ̫Լˡ
Цǽŵһ̾ͣˡ
Цδˣܺá
үˣѾáλǣ
ŵѾ׼¥ˡ
࣡
ئס
వ̾ԼٶȲ죬פ㡣
򡣡
ئɫʱģôŲأһȥɣ߶㣬֪ѾϺˣ
໹δýڣȴȳ
γţ˵ˣң㵣ģٻȥġ
ئһ㶣´ࡣ
ܵˣôࣿ
˸ˣûʲô󰭣Ҳ˰ɣҽһۿˣΪҵС룬㻹Ǳôؼˣ
ئЦһֹۣǲ˼ڱ˼˵¡
Ƶˣһ극ٻȥ࣬ס죬һȥϰҲ㡣
ؿɼүҪϰ࣬ÿڼԵһˡ
ؼʱǽ
ئĴָ
ɫ糣ֻû
ңئǺܾнģҡ֡
˲ˣǳԣǳԣѾպ÷ڼҵˣҵøϽȥȻһ飬͸ˣ
򣡡
ະסٺɶҲ˵
ئȴ֪ڴʲôա
ģҲ˵ģÿҳŲģ㷢ţҪԲ궵ߣ
˼ǿԷҲԵòʹ졣
Ƶ㡣
ئæòãԼߣ
һ˵һߺˣ㱻ż
Ϲܼǰס԰͵ſڡ
ئϻ̳Ͽ֣Ҷһ̶ţƵ̬ȾԶͷ˾˵ȶԶͷ˾Ҫò
Ȼһ࣬ЩǰıϹϾҪôΪƣҪôǼģͼͿ͸Ŀˡ
ҲûȽϡ
˵ئС˼ңȫƾԼŬѧйʶŵԱС
ʱҲãң޸ئЩίˡ
ҹûȥһˡ
ʱȻ
ƿһۣˣ
ࣺҲûȥҽ򰡣ûղŶɶָǸҽֳˣ
ƣң㿴ȥͦġ
ôئ͸ħһ
ద̾Ƕ㣬ˣȻѲɻצ𣿡
ƵĿһ٣ʣôҵԼˣ
౻ʵͷԣ񣬺ؾҹܵһС
찵أĥȡ
Ƭ֮ͷ˿
壬ʡ
ǣװɵЦ
ҵҪװʱ
廹ֺǺ˵˶Щƽӹͷ
ô鷳壬ϾҪȥˡ
壺ôɡ
Ҳһ޹ôɣ
Ʋɽôڣѱ֤᲻˵©죬֪ȴûȻȥȴֻǸҵıꡣʹʹȻȥ㣬Ҳ١
ĵԼȥûٳ
̫ˣղſȫ׿ˡ
Сˮ
壬ҪǱҽ㷣׼ԷҪͷ
⣬ȥ񼴽
ϹܼүģҾ˾Ϸˡ
˾͸һʵûۿȥ
壬˾ȥȻطˡ
ã֪ˡ
ϹܼӦ¥֮ʣүˣ
ະԩôﻹҵнˮأ
ϹܼԴһǡ
үܹģƤ
ʵҲԼӦûȥң
ֻҪңͦġ
Ͼĸȥ֮󣬾ʣΪˣһ߾ǰ꣬ңļصԼ˸ҲҸĸԱֻһˡ
һСʱͷ֣Щ뷨ȫǶġ
˵ȥ׸ʲô͵ĹΪʲô˻ݳ
˵£˼һϴбһѧҾͲˣ
Ҹ㣬λͱٳȥˣ˰ʵʵһؼңУĹŮС꣬ѧҵȥʵĻͰ¶
ûУ
ۣ֡Ӵַˣ
ңһæɿס֡
ôˣƣز
üӵˣǹˣ˵ز
ңңǲȥؼұɥôǹˣ
ûƭ㣡
̾˿ͷȥβ֮úһͨɹңסˡ
ôˣȥҽԺưɣö˶˵ȿɲ²
ң𣬾Ҫȥ·
æ˰ס
ҽѾҿˣֻҪȥҩС㣬ˣԸϽؼ㣬أ
ңͷһԴ
ˣСһûء
ࣺ
ææʲôͶ
ƶѡ
ԥѡ˳תìܡ
ôܣڻؼ·ˣҳҩŻģмСʱ˰ɣôû
ңɫһ䣬ɽ¥ļơ
ʱ洫ԿתĶ
Ŵ汻ƿئ֮ڡ
࣬ˣңôң
Ʋת
ңͬɽ
ئ֪ڼ𣡡
ңŵĨͣϽط
ʮƣΪϲߡ
棬ɴСˡ
ȥȰܣ±ս𲨼ſ쳤˰죬ŰַŰϡ
û뷿Ŵ汻򿪣⧲ֱˤڵء
ңûƽ͵оҲûа֡
಻̧ͷãһ̧ͷƼңڴߣ
ʱԾС
ˬң
㣬ôˣɱңʲôȥˣǹģǧ𳳼ܣºú˵ңңͰѻˮ
£ңݺĨһ۾࣬ˡ
лҪ˵Ѽ




122 
Ҫ˵
ȥ֮ǰ, Ҳͷż, ؼҲ˯Լı仯û̫о
ңȴһ˿Ծ
ئ, °ʱԭǹ̶, ңÿһ̲֮ʮ, ɷһ򿪼š
֪һغȻˡ
ئʼ顣
һεҲ, ˵Щ, ңһ, ܻġ
ңʼġ
ĵµļͥ, ҷƮҡЩ, ໹Сһĵӡ
һأئûؼңңֱ˸°ʱ, ߶׵, ˴ŰСʱ, ڵȵئ
һˣĴҴңҲûͬѣߵ·߽һưȴֱ෴ķ
ң⿿ܣܿͰѳ׷ˡ
ڶξ˾, ҲһưδţئһϳóԶں棬ֱئͣţһС󷿡
ŷƺͦϤ˵˵ЦЦ̬硣
ңһۣȫС󷿣˽
סﲻϡ棬ܸݵλΪӣͲѰܰ쵽ˣҪôǮҪôʶ
ʱ˸ۣڽֶţȵڣſҿʲôһŮ˰ͳ͵ſڣϧŮ˵ı黹ͦġ
˵ңЦһ
ϣ򵽼ǰȵһȥô˵˾еһʱʱ䣬ˡ
ʱұˣ룬⼸Ҳ˭֪˺䱾ĴԽԽƵҲƼˣҡ
ңҲ̲סؿ
ı
㣬ԩˣһصмСʱСʱҪһȥĻᣬҪϻδҲ̫æˣʱ˵ȥ
ң͵̧ͷǾͲԼڿȹĻ𣡡
ࣺҽҲôڵ˰ɣ
ңҾ֪˵
޿κΣ㣬Ҳý϶ǣŮʲôҲ˵һ뻹һ룬·ȥĻ¶ò̫ܡ룬ҪǰŸմСߣž͸ȥŮ˽ᣬҲûСлưȥص·̲˵мĻʱҲͰСʱ˵ϼ仰ȿڿȶȰɣҿղŶúܣûͻġ
ң˵Ƕ뿪֮󣬵ȥˣ
ࣺûʽԼô˵ģ
ң˵·Ͽεˣȥ˼ң˰·߲ݣۿû󰭲Żġ
Ц⵹ǽ硣
㻹Ц㻹ЦóңôôǱӣѵҵĺãҲܼ󣬿ɣҿô򣬶Ƥûʲôӣϸ˵ûϵûϵȥС
Խ˵Խñŭٶˢ¡
Ҿ֪ﻹǽģ϶ǾƽܵϣףȥЩСŮˣҶ˵ˣͷ˾Ǹ¥֪ȴҪװ֪û뵽δأҲʼˣ
Сܣ˵Ҹô죬ҪŮˣҸô죿
㣬㣬𼱣Ҫ˴£ҿ϶ˣ㣡
Ļңδϲȴҡҡͷ
飬ļҺŮӻģڹŴǱҵãԺôϱ
̾ڹŴҲбݣӦǺ롣У㣬ʱˣ۲Щ¹ªϰĶǣǰЩ꣬ʵ۶أʢС˾Ųⲻֵ½֪ȡԼĺϷȨ棬ʲôöˣҪҵδΪƲǣŻҪã
ңҭ˵úͷһ
ࣺ
ⲻǸ˵˵ĽٻҲ飬ʲôɵĵģ˵ɻ鼸꣬Ӧö˽⣬˵ŮǷǮֻǣ˾ȥҵģû֮ǰԲ²⣬塣
ңҲʣˣҳܲ˵ĺ

ȥʣ
ңæקס
ʣһˣô죿һԩô죿ƽʱƢãҪ֪϶ˣ
ǣ׽ûޡ
ң룺ȥеɡ
ң
ָָԼû뵽ˮջᱻ
ңԣ㲻ƻھֵãĵز飬ˣŮ˵ݣУʲôϵ
Ц㣬ֻǸС죬ͷûȨ鲻ʲô˵ˣЩӸܱǡ
ֻû˵ڣңסȻ
˫Ͷ
Ҳ顣
ô飿
￪ʼ飿
һ⡣
֮ͷ֣һƻѲ⡣
ͬʱҲ֣о͸ŹŹ֡
лҪ˵£٣ȡд~~




123 
һ졣
ȥئĵطͷ, ˸ȡ
Ҳûȵئ칫¥
ԼǱ紵ɪɪ, ű߻˼ͭ塣
ã̧ͷ, ÿһ긾˸һͭ塣
һ˲ŵ, ôɵ, ȥɣˣ
Էɿ˵, ҴԶȥ, Ļᶼ
űĬĬǼͭ塣
صң֪Ӻ뿪ˡ
ˡ
ڶ졣
׼, Ϻ, һư, óͣڴ¥Ÿһȡ
ڵȵئˡ
ئȴֱӻؼңûȥң˵硣
ȥʱѾһ룬ꤵˮδ
ئЦĶȥˣϲԵ, 챻ҳԹ, ֻʣˣ
ľƣ, Ѿ˵ˡ
һһ졣
졣
ңҪѭȥĵֱַȥ磬ң˵Ƕš
ûȵǸئмŮˣȴȵơ
ƴӽֵС߳ͬеĻһŮˡ
һģʱ, ƯŮˡ
ѩ˿
Сɡ˿ȹжˡ
úܽ˵ƺ壬ϰ΢΢ǰ㣬Ů˵켸ƵĶϡ
֪˵ʲôȻ˾ͶõЦ
Ӵǣһ˻వ
⼸ûȥ֣ûȥңҲûһ˵ҪͽѼģҲûӰӡ
Ȼ˾˾ˡ
Щζ岻
һǰһ˽γ
Ļư
죬׷ǰ
ưڴ˯䲻һ£ٿԶȥС¶ɫ
ô׷
˵һ
ҵģϣ
һ˼ܼѪһųʼ׷
һǰһǰڳʻٶעܿ쵽ȥһ·ܣҲԶԶ׺š
ֱ磬һ·ǰ
óͣ
˱׷ˣȵɣȥЪЪ
Ѿ֪ԷҪȥˡ
ҡ
ǰʱ֡
ںνڵɳϸ̸֮⣬һ뿪˳뵽òͣҲȻ롣
վڿҪڣһϤ
٣ò
üת
йڣ޷д㡣
ЦĶ
Ҵ˽ˣġ
ɫ䣺ҿԴΪתúڼ˰ɣʲôʱ˺ˣȥֱС
ࣺ಻ʣ弸ûˣ϶ң㲻ܰҵȤǰɣ
û·Ĵ㣬ֻ
壬壡
Ȼһϲ
үˣýпүˣɣ
ЦЦÿ·
ŲQȥ
壬ûţôҲңǲǰҸˣ
ôأȥԷģү˵Ҫڼ㡣
˵Զȥֿ˾
˴к
ɳϿ飬浾˽ʻ沣ϵʹ
ýˣע⵽Ǳ黹Ƿĵġ

ֱԼֱ˽
࣬ҲڼԷѡ
˼򵥶ҪĽܡ
ȷǺܼ򵥡
ѷֺ֣ܶƼˮģǳģģѣʵ˽룬˭֪أ
á
΢Ц֣ס촽ֱһ¡
ܸʶ㣬С㡣֪ڿʲô𣿡
Ůʿдֲѧ
ĺֻһûˣй˵
죺ֲѧŮ𣿡
ĽͣⱾͽСŮʿдֲѧΪλŮԣҵʱܶŮҵֲѧŻԻʽڣ辶һȫµдⱾһձԵĿѧŶ
಻ΣȻͷԭˣҺܸȤϧҿһλͨз˫ˣ鷭İͺˡ
Ҳôģھ飬˵Ȿԭʼİ汾Ҿ͹ðˣȷˣһһģ
Ҿ͵ŵĵһλˡ
ƲֺܲŮ˵Ĺ
ֹΪ֮һ츳
ɶԷû츳Լϡ
Էʱѧ⣬ȻȻӢͷ
Ƴһۡ
Բ岻ϻͷԷһδμͣٶԱ࣬ʣ°롣
żһۣ඼û̧ͷı顣
ҪҪ˵ȤĻ⣿
쵽Ҵܣûǰ¶棬ҲԼȥ˱ȻнԶ
ƺȻе㻳ڷʱˡ
ʱԵ򣬵˵ģޱȿ
Էȴûи̫˼ʱ䡣
ҳԱˣá
ǵͷ⣬뿪
Ʒ·ڸ˵Ҫߣüͷ

ع
˽ʲô
չüͷϺʣˣǽˣ˺֡
ĵȷζĻܷʳףȥҲóӳȥ
ƣȻԡ
ԼеĲɣͬ˵ʲôƶġ
ֱŮʿǣ˾ȥҵĻᡣ
ôˣ
壺˵øϽߣʱ绹ܽеưᣬȥ˾ûСһ֧ˡ
ΪԼˣǻؼңȥ賡裬㻹ˣϻûãô裿
ȳ
СⰮ棬зִġ岻Ϊ⣬Цү˵ɱһǣǲȥˣҲȥһɣҪ߶ȥ賡
û˾ȥˣô˻г
Ц⽻˾ˣһߣ˵Ҫ鳵ӣҪڳȥС϶ڵ㡣
ʱãҳ˾Ϻ꣬ʲôʲôǵˡ
ҪûڣҾǸͽĿտˡ
ůķ̡
һһ֬ˮ۵ĺ
ˮұ˿
֮ǻϸΡ
оԼ־ʴˡ
ʹš
٣˵Զȥˣʲôʱģ
ѡ֪֪Һ㡱ȥЦӯӯһ䡣
ǿˣ߶أ
ҰɣֻҵǮС
ְƻҧо׽Ȼ֪ѹǳݡ
лҪ˵޹صС糡
ƣҲ뱻ֺá
ࣺĴβͷѾ˼ֺ
ƣޱ飩Ϊнˮ
ࣺԴǣȻǣ
ΪҲ䷹ʡǮ




124 
þû, ˡ
°ͱ, ǵ
ʵûԷ˵ʲôֻϢߡ
Ѭ
ǲǱˣ
ʶԼ, Ŀ
û, ǸǰһƯ, ˣһϲֵ, ⡣
˵٬Ļ, ʵȴֻסЩϲֶŲʵĿȫһ
˿, õģһߵŮ
ո, ʶ˿Ц, Ȼûͷһؼʱľнɬ
һȾףײ㲻ȾȾҲҪȾɫ
ȥõ, һﹻǷֵģ
࿪, ˿Ϳȥˡ
еͷ˼, ϲĿвٱȥȻЩһŮҰˡ
ɵӣȻҲףֻϺͺаӿΪ֪ҲԸ֪Щ, ˶Լӡ
ʱȴһҡ
ĸƯСģҿɲҪĶ
⽿ĵ⡣
򿪿˵
ϵ˿漴תΪ졣
澹˺üһЩ׻Ĵ󣬰ѹֵųʵ
⣬٣
ŰɣǸɾǮ㲻һֱ뿪طʺ㣬ҺͶݣһͷȫУƲ¶ס
װµı겻٣д󲿷ֶȥˣһЩμŹ£ʣµľͶˡ
ۿ
лл٣ǮҲòװɣҲá
ɳϣͷ޿̬
ˣˣϽȻǸ˿Ҫǿ϶ȥҴ״ʱһǮòˣ
۽Ƴ˿Ӱ˵ϽȰϣͷ顣
̧ͷʱǸŮˡ
ãȴң˶Ҫҳӵģû
⻰ԹʵԼԸ⵹Ǯˡ
°ͣҿ
ҲϲԹϲЦӣ۹һ𡣡
Цôѣ
оԼϸ§ϣ˰©һġ
ΪѻеᣬżԵһģˡ
Ƴ˺üӡ
оԼµСŮȫֽ֪ˡ
֮࣬Щ֡
ڶǸˣվ˺һˣ𣿻ǻˣ
СʵĶ䣬Щ˳ˮ۵˼
ꡣ
ֻһڡ
״պ쵽ӵơ
Һõƹ谵Ʋ
˿ȣҲչ
٣˾ֻһ֧裬ûɲƫģ
СѣѡĸȤ
˿һתһѡ衣
Ǻðɡ
ʼ磬޹ǵ˲ء
͵һۡ
վڽӰ
ôббǽͷ˸̡
ĳ࣬ʷϡܲ²˿϶ѿȥ
ϧٺÿҲȲ١
һգǣ˿ֻ
㺹죬ɫ˵ġ
ʱһƸ࣬˳˳Ťͷ
һ˲ˡ
û˵˿ȥһƿơ
㿴ˣ٩
εεǵĻ᲻Դף
ͷѾƱľƺȵ룬ʵʵᡣ
֪𰸣еġ
㻹û˵˭ĻҪҪұ
һЦҾǾ졣
´λҸôӦҪأ
˵е
ѣǻˣҲ񡣡
ţôûк
գգۣҪ˵ϲң𣿡
һЦŰôţǸŮ˶ϲҪеģҲ֣
̾˿Ƽ٣û취ַգ
ͦ棺ܾڻ𣿡
ࣺҸ㽲°ɡ
ˣ÷Сһ鳤󣬸ܺãеĶŮ˵ξȢŮˣոһյüȥȴ˵֪ͨ顣
ܱʹʹջǻȥƽʹһõˣ˽飬ºӣҸļͥ
ʱżȻ֪Լ÷˲ˣ˺صˣҲӣҲ첻꣬һҲûĺӣαһ֪ͨ飬öԷģ׷ɡ
ú棬ȴƶǶ
˼Ǹ
ǣĵǸ
˼ô˵ǸͲϲˡ
ࣺ
ϲˣҲȣһֱȥ°뱲ûмȥҲ͵Ȳൽ졣
ࣺʱһУȥĿ
ҡҡͷ۵ѰĹִ
ǸеΪԼȫˣԷͻмǹòأ᲻Լûиһ𣿶Ů˵һϲˣججһӣԼϲˣҹꡣ˵ҲֻԼΪģಢˡ
඼챻ˡ
ûȻǸƱˡ
ˣϲһűˣΪΪԷãʵأûʹԸԸ⣿
ʱ˿žƻˡ
ơ
˵㣬Է
ǿҪ£ָһ֧衣
뿪ʱ쿪ʼСꡣ
ͣӿ־ڻңǽŲеƮ
ûɡȥ꣬˼ҪҪѴͷһֱ֣Ӳлȥˡ
ȻͿֵˡ
Էźɡվ·ߣ
˶Ƭ̡
ûԷˡ
Խ·ɡٹͷ
̧ͷһЦɰ٣
ȴûЦ
ûûεı飬̲סЦûʹԸԸ⣿
ûЦ
Ʋͷһ䡣
ˡ
Է˵ǣϾ˺ܶ࣬
ʹͼͥˣҲѯҽѧڣ˵ӵƬȡԺܻҲܻӰЩҪ
ŷ޵ҽѧܷҿԴȥֻҪţϣҲʲô֢ˣûϰʮʮҲǿԵİɡ
ôңҲȷԼ᲻ޣ˵ñ㻹硣
࣬Ѿ˰꣬ƭԼˡ
ǱϷˣ𣿡
Ĭţһ
ƵĻе𾪷ŭţһȭӹȥͷߡ
˿̵ķӦʵġ
֪ĹҲ֪ܹܶˡ
ǰƤʵˣֺڶԲ
Ǿ۵忪ʼ
һֻ޷һϸ֣ƵľͿʼ
ٵţӿ굽ȥ
סԷ°ͣ΢΢̧𣬵ͷ
ҹӰӱ·ۺһ
ҪΪǵΰڹжԼֻʣһҲڡ
лҪ˵ĩ֣ǰ100ͺ~~




125 
صҵʱ, ңȻû˯
Ͷ˶ɳ, ˫ַϥ֪Щʲô
ʶǺ졣
, һƺеס
ҲЩʪҡ
Ǻ, ܻմЩ̦
ޱʪ, һ۾ܿ
ңûʡ
ǿһִۣߡ
û
࿩һ, ˲ˡ
ô, ǼӰˣ
ңҴ绰ȥİ칫ңû˽ӡ
Ӱ, Ӧ˽ӵ绰ġ
ȷЩ졣
, ˵;µ, ҳȥɡ
ɡԷûУ
Һңûȫ˵ܵܣȥɡ
˳ˣ
Ҵȥתʧſڡ
ҹΪӻ, ˮīˮ, ģһƬ
ɡ߳, ӭǳʪζ
ζ
ѭϢȥ
վһˡ
ئ
ôûߣ졣
̡
Ƶһβ̣ϲ
ѹѹٻȥ
ࣺ
øոϨĻ仰ִĳҸȼ
ĳһ̣㱻Ǹɲһݵˡ
ҶڣԷҲԼɫ
ȫޡ
½ǡ
ȥҽ򡣡
ƣô
֪ҷ顣
ֻһ¡
ȥǿƣŪýȥǱߡ
Ƶ϶
ô
ֻ֪ûʳ, Ѿئˡ
Ų٣ɡûһ·ͷߵǰŷࡣ
࣬ôǡ
⣺á
ãئЩ˼ɣ
Ǳʪ͸ˣɡͷŲȥئԼȴδ
Ҳ˼
ئհԿײףžʹˡ
ңվź俴
㻹֪ҡ
ئһЦе£ˡ
ңתڣҲһۡ
૵ҺżսζҪȥҽһ°ɡ
ӱܲǽİ취
Ʋп˸˽ȥ
ңŭۻһ̶ȣͲǷеܵܺڳˡ
˹Ȼ
ئ˵˵Լؼ·һ·СԷҼңԵʱ䡣
ңͲš
ԼٴˣǰͲôģϴ˵ˣϴ˾㣬·ĺӣôȫµ¶ȫ̯ˣ⻰Լ˵˲ئ֮ѾҪûάĵز𣿡
˵棬ң¶֮ɫ
ئҲˣң˵ûƭ㣡
ң䲻ʣǸŮ˭
ئһ㶡
ңΪȥĻû֪Ůǲң
ئʶࡣ
߲˹Ƶҡͷ˼Լġ
ئüͷңٵң
ңЦôʳˣ
ئҪǶзģú
ңŮ˾˭
ئǸѸҸװףʲôûУ
ǼӳŮ˵Ĵˡ

Ȼ˵ԽңȻ
౻ͷۣоȵЩƴθٶӿֻŽŲĻط
Ӳŷ֣˸֮͡
ʲôԲۡ
⽫һƵȻ
ûķ䣬û󷽷˲ιһܡ
ҼҾԶңȻҲװ겻ƣʹټ򵥷ŵľߡ
һʪûڴߣǰ
治Լˡ
ƣҵ𣿡
һ仰µ޻˵
˾ȥˣ꣬ҲûưعҲûӡ
űĬʵ¹ë͸ɾѡ
ҵ·Ǳ˻ٲҪ
ɻûϵҶϽˣο·

ִԽˣҪڵķҲȥ
֮ĳܣܵܵĺΪѡ
ϾңĻֻǻɣûҵ֤ݡ
Ҳû˵ǸŮˡ
ȻئĿǰıֵȷЩɣǽô꣬ңĺã඼ңϥûкӣһֱе㷢飬Ҳ֪ġ
ئͷŮˣңҲûǵһֻǸܵܿ߷йṩķӣһá
Ѷϼ£úͷۣȺ׾ƻҪͷۡ
֪ʱƴϴҳͿ﷢
ͷҲѾûˣһƬ
ãٶ۴ͣС޴֣֪롣
еɰ
лҪ˵ĩ죬ǰ100ͺ~~




126 
滹ڶ϶
ʱʱ͡
ңѾ˼ûڳ, ئƽʱĺƢƺҲĥ, һˮص죬ئˤŶ, Ȼֹ
౻ԡȥϴ衣
ųȥ
ңڿ, ۿͨ, űߵıӡ
Ǹ㿴Цˡ
ƣҸܺ, 㲻öҼ, ͦġ
֪Ҳ뵱ǵ泳, ʵ̲סئڶ˵, ǸŮ˵˭, ԭĵλô͡
ңС
Ƶȥһ
᲻һ᣿
ңҡͷԼҲˣԷǸѸ
ĵǹѸҲδؾȾҴ˽⵽ĸʼڻѣȻҲͬѰ, ӦöһЩ, ʵһ, ʲôᡣ
ңûע⵽ƺϵı仯ȻȻӵŷƢô˵ʵ
ǽʵ˱Ƽ˵ȻҲȻҲ˵ǹûпɱԡһ, ô˵ˣȻվߡһ浽ĺȴûӦô죬Ǿ࣬ҲδҪࡣ
ң񣬲
ƿ⸱ӣ֪ңئкĸ飬ûئңԼҪôҲһɷӺΡ
ԼҲˣ˵ξһݳƷӻԽ࣬ʣµԽ٣һ˾ʧңĿĵΪئԽԽò
˿ңئĽϣǵǧС¼СӵĹ¡
ΪǧСϧ̾СӺȴҲⴧ֮Ƿڹ顣
Ƶ˽ʱ˵ңƢئһӣ˵ɻڴˣҪǵ㿷á
ئδһοԱͨ˵ҲСȨˣûͨϵȥ
ңң϶һ취ûеġ
顣
ңԸ
ңûкӣͣѧҲֻѧ˻飬°뱲ӾҪܵˡ
϶Ը㣬ңôߵһˣܽʵ
ƽңԼ򷵻ķ䡣
ϴûж
ΪѾſڴϺ˯ˡ
ľƾã˿̵Ѿذʡ£ƾƽ˼ҲвѣѴռ룬Ťˣ˯࿰ǡ
û˯⣬ִϳ鱾ȴͣһ
ŷҶӢİ档
Ƥܳ¾ɣһЩӢĵ滹зע⡣
ּɣңһ֪ǳǰ֮֡
ǰ漸ҳͦزǵ䣬ʵʵд˼
ǲͷˣĳһҳͿѻͷӣһСһֻСҪôӢĲ廰ͼӴףŮʿϻӣʿ촽ӿں죬ֱӢʦ֮ȻŭĻơ
мҳһЩɵӡǣƻǶԷ˯µĿˮ
֪ú
ƴԼ֪ЩۼǺʱµˡ
ǻƼڿŷҶӢİ棬Ȼ䲻м϶ĬĬŬͷٷԼһ
ÿһҳഺۼ
ѼӲ࣬ϲԭȴΪǰ·Ҫӻ࣬Ǹǧ磬ԸһǻѪ´ķꡣ
Ȼÿ˶ʵǰײͷѪʱ֧н棬ͬһöͣǸӰ߲Ĵ졣
˺磬п䣬Ѫ죬ʿ֮İǧһǰȴҲľǧٿ˺ۡ
Ҷˣδ˴ˡ
עӵĶȻ֪˯촽΢ţŵ
֣ν⿪¿ۣ
˯µȴ̺
ƽҲΨеվʱܳױ
ƿȴЩ
ĿڶԷ
¾ɾɣǳǳ˺ۣеˣǹˣ࣬ƶ˵˿ڡ
δչʾǰء
Դ֪Ĺ֮󣬾һֱҸῴϵˡ
ȴԼȻ塣
ҲЩ˺Ѿúǳϸǲڣûж𺦡
Ƭ
ʡ
û
߽ƺЩ䣬Ƹ·֮ת˯
һΣˬ
ʱһС鷳
Լѹ¡
ȷе˵һȺ͸첲Է壬Ƶ˯½ڱƬ¶š
е£ԴŬ׷ʲô
Ҳ˵˾
ŽĽңǰһĻסȻ˼
Զʲô
ࣺܶʲôҺˣ
лҪ˵Ρ_




127 
ӶǱ˼ҵĺá
ô˳һ, ң, Ҳ˱Ρ
һʲô, ôҪһΡ
Ͼؿ, ׯϽ
ʱڼɹ, ӡѾԶȥ񶨸ȴһùҹ, һҵгɵ״
౶ԩȴ޴ӱ, ԩ飬ֻһ·˪㡣
ңȴ, ֮ǰ, ͱ뿪ˡ
ජŻ۵ơ
ʲô
ƿԼƬ½, ٿ˯˿Ϸࡣ
㲻˵仰еȸ״˼
ˣ
Ƶͷϻ˵úãƺԡ
ࣺ
ʲôкڰ׵ߵǷǲ͵컻գǼʶˡ
٣ڹȥǰʱ, ȥϹˡ
´, ֢, ͷؽỹеƮٻһ㣬ЦЦͷ
ڰ˵︶ʵֵĿԣԼңȵʵѡߡ
ЩϹǸѧģʱ򲻶, Ҳӱ޲ҡ
죬˳ͶԷǰµķ羰
ķֲԾߣӴһQϴȥˡ
һЦѡ
Ӵºװڱ¯Ϲһҹ󶼸ɵòˡ
ĥҪҪȥѧУ֮ǰȻؼϴ軻һµģЩ񱣬ܾ·ҲˮŪ࣬ϱŤ
Ѿˣͱ
ң߷ǳæµ
ҳˣȥˣԡ
أϰȥˣ
ңȻһҹû
һʱ˾׽ͱ
κеˡ
޳Ѱһ㴲ͷܴβͣئҲܿҹľ޽С
㣬żҳ극Ͼȥˡ
ңȻˣˣôǳܣ»Ҿͷֺˡ
뷨ҪãϽȰҳԱˣȥˣҰһú̸̸ǧٳ˰
˵𶹽ӺһڣﻹûͱҴҳš
ȵȣñӣ
ңķӦ
ʧſڣƶ˲ˡ
ң㣬øͺˡ
ƲԶŵ

ңס˶٣¶һЦ
м仰˵
ƣȳȥлϻ˵Ҳ١
֪Ǽû顣
ңͻһ仰ֹסŲ
һ߾ǰ꣬ʱ˶ˣҲϲ˵Լ飬ȥ˷ȴĶ˵áҲ֪ôģ֪ȥЩʲôԹòȴܾѣһֶ¶
֪һ˲ٿࡣǰ˯ǽвѵģ֮΢һ㶯ܳƭ˵д֣ú棬ˣʹϾҵɵ𣿡
˵˵ţңۿ΢죬ʡ
˵ףֻǸʶ޵ĸŮﲻʲôæƫƫһ۹ߣѰﻹϣҲ֪ԼĻչáƣʱͬͬһ㣬ͷƽհҶȰȰЩЩŮģֻҪƷкãҲˡ
΢΢ü
⻰ôƵģ
οң˵ЩҲ
ࡣ
û˵ȥֱӴϡ
ûѧΣһѧȴûϵĲǻһų֮ģ͸˼ѵáϲ˺ܶ࣬Ĵܲ벻빲мһǻģȴɼסкã
ֲãҾ֡ڣ¡
ϣľܿڣѾǸˣԼҪߵ·ԶŲµˡئֿҲãһҲգ㶼׽㣬ֻúãŻġ
ң΢΢ס
ȴû̫˼ʱ䡣
ñӣף˵һȸǣʹҴ뿪ˡ
ñӵ¡
ȥһˣئݼ٣ȴûȥϰֱ࣬磬Ҳϻң׽顱Сͷ
ңئ֮ìѾ˲ܲĵزûɵȣֱš
Ժͷ塣
һС󷿵ű򿪣һӶ˴ĸŮվſڴԺͷࡣ
ã裬оֵһ죬ҵ֤
Ӷ˺죺𣿡
ࣺͷһ׮ӣŮйأҽȥͨһ뵽̸ҲС
Ӷ˳Ƭ̣Եȡ
໹ĥҪҪئ֣ԱԷԼһʱŮӶٶȳ֣߳ΪԺš
ãҼŮ롣
л
С󷿵ǰһӦˣʳ۷ӣ£ഥĿİ裬ŷ飬ණǰģйɫİڼûС
һ˵ӵзӵĵһ¿϶ǰԼĶŮˣһЩϸСʾռкʹڣܻһЩۼ
䷿ȴûУͷβֻĳ衣
ǰģɳλŮʿȴ¶ʽ磬ҲʽۼӶ˸õĲ豭Ҳʽɱ໨ѡ
ֻ˵һ⣬ǾλŮûڷװϻʲô˼
ȷе˵ⶰӣûйС
෢֣ԷԼĵֳ΢Ľǡ
˫ֵϥϣָԾŪϡ
΢΢𣬲ʱ¿ˮ
ƺڿʱʱƮ𴦡
Щǽŵϸڱ֡
׿Щ˵ԷͺᣬҲͶʮͷȻͷɷ٣ȴ漸ַɫʵ˵Ȳңųئ̰ͼʣϾ˵ıԣҲ˽ģôʵҲԳв̤ʱ
賤٣֪ͻȻţк£Ǽҷطû鷸֮¡
ԭʵ֪˷Ӧȴָ⡣
Ůʿ㲻ؽţΰݷãһλܵйء
֮Ի֪Ů˵ϣͷűľдլԵʡ
δ˵꣬ʹһ󶯾
Ǻͯ۵
裬һˣ
ŮӶţСкܽпˣͣ½Ų
ЦЦ
Щ˼תĸס
裬Ҷˣ
§סο䣬ŮӶˡ
Ǹ賤٣Ӻ֣˵
ʶئ𣿡
¶ȣͷе㲻ʶʲô£
ࣺŮʿĹϵʲô
ϣѣæҺܸл
ࣺʵҽ裬ئӣңئ޵ܡҽһЩͥʣΪˣԴ˽һ£ðţ֪ŮʿܷңҽĹϵĽ𣿡
һСʱҳ
ûиŮʿκγͻ˺ͺͷĵβ
ʹŹ֣ȴԽŨˡ
༱һ·
ⲻůͣ紵̲ס˸硣
Ѿˣû䡣
˭ڱੲ߶Լ
лҪ˵εΣָ£ =3=
ǰ100ͺ~~~




128 
Ҿú֡
ƶϡ
Ŷ, Ьһһ, ﻹ֧ת
ָ֮ת裬ЬС
, Сһ, ˳ȥ
, ת

žžવڵϵĶίʵûԡ
޿̡
࣬˵¡
޹ⲻǿϵͷд, æٽ
˶Ƭ, ûƢ±ʡ
ʵҲûʲôҪ, ǽճ֮ܵ÷ɿ, תѾӰ, ñӶûüϣֲϴ磬һнģ
ﲻˬ죬Ծ, ƾ֮߶û, Ҳֻͷ칫
һｵһ
Ѱ˼ԼļǷ, Ǳ໹ҪԷ壬ĵãɵȻС¡
ô֣
һʣ˾
ָ
һסķ, ǶС󷿣ԳɥعѣԭС֮ң޸ĸݣҵϺⶰС󷿶ӣΪطȫᶼˣû˸ǹ¶ĸ鷳
룬⻰ȥͦʲô⣿
˵ϸڵĹע治ҡ㣬СϱƽմŲŲô֪ҪӣûжϹѧãҲǴͳžɣȫµûһƷ˵Ȼ˴ͳǶǰʲô㲻ȫҲ滻һСֳ裬ûУмҾ߰ڼһʽҾ߶ûУ㲻𣿡
˫ֽ棬˵ڳϴļơ
ҲǸڼˣ仨Ǯð죬赲ײ࣬ԭⲻ
ü
ã
ҸսŰݷõʱϺܽţ˫߬ȹƣûҵݣֻ˵Ǿ죬Ҳûлɣ˵֪ئҽôĽžͺûˡұئĹϵ֮ʲôӦ
ظʼ̸ġ˵ئ֮װףʲôûУ֮ʶΪϻ߶ˣئæһ˲ɴ˽ʶئĻмзǷ֮룬һȥȰҽ㣬ҽ˳Щ˵ʲôʵҲᷳġ
˼ô˵ͦƵġ
һĴȣ԰ɣ룬ô˵Ůˣܴ°ᵽӣ𣿼Ȼעشͳôһ趼ģһʼţ֪ҵⷴˣʲôԵʣѲʲôù飿
ƣЩֻĴ⡣
ࣺɵˣ²ͻʵҾϿ϶ʲôŹֻ֣ڻ
δ䣬˺ü磬һʱе£ǰĻˡ
ûҵ
ü
˱¿ˮһ
ǿܺϰھͷһˡ
ƣˮ˵
಻ΪһӣҲȰ׿ˮҪоƣҵԴһƿ
ƣ
ࡣ
΢üͷĵڿƽʱУǶǿĵڳţٹͺ˵ˣֻϣ¸ʮ꣬ʮ̸ܸ꣬˵ءһˮ˵ô𣿡
ҪǼɫһ׼ҶԷ޴Ӿܾ
ֻҪſ˵ӲʲôҲ˵
ץˮһ̵ֱÿզ࣬ǹӶȻĹ̡
޷ǳӲķҪӰˡ
ưЦ˵һβ㣿
óϷСóϷ
һ淴Ϊͣ޲ߡ
Ѱ˸ˣһĥôϰһǣĲɴӾֲлؼңȻ·Ϸئ
ئҲǲУûйͻưǰ治ԶŲҴң׷Ѱʲô
·°ؼҵ·
˺ģȻҪںҳ𰸡
Ѹҷһߣ֮ìʱˡ
·˻࣬Ҳ̫
Զ׺ţֻҪ֤ԷûԼ߷Χȫʧ
ئƺûԼ˸٣ĽŲԽԽߵ·ҲԽԽƫ
ĺԽԽǿˡ
Ȼֵֹ
ئ˽ˣ˽زŲΪ֪ݺȵȡ
Ͼ·ħżʣҪ˺ȻλʵиԼҲе˿ֵġ
û뵽Լ׷ئСʱΪ˿ئһ˹
лҪ˵εΣе£ˣѼΣ



129 
ئûзԼˡ
, ǰ治Զ, һСƹòֺ
Ǿͷڼң´滹Ҫǧ
ϸһ, ﻹʱĳԹ
С, ˵㲻è, ôôϲСأ
ô찡Ͽû, ҪһӳԹ, 漸ɾ͵ðˣ
Ӵ⾫, , Ͷ, ԣҽֲߣ껹һ
Ϊ˱ġ
Ͽ¿, ҿ
ԼĪƴС, δ, ë΢֣һ˫۾Եúܡ
ȷͦɰ
ǹСɣ̧ͷئһۣˡ
Ȼ߽ئû, СƹȴСҲˣĵئƨɺ棬Ув
ئŤ¶ȵ顣
ࣿ

֮ȣƽӣ˵θҲ
ʲôɽ亣ζҲȲһ뼦˿һ÷
÷ȫ䣬÷¯ţȿҪõʱóóóȻȱ׳θʡ
޷ˡ
Ĵʱ棬ڱȻģһʼյǱʱϻ𣬲òóʦʱϸƢ𱬵ķݳӣ˼ֱӾˣ˵Լ
֮سʪ˽ǶǱƷųҲϰˣշתֻصϺʲôÿڵ
ǰ棬м˺⣬֥齴ͣףٸݿϲüϴ˿ˣΨû
΢̾˿
԰ôԣθ𣿡
ئѾѴɵˣ÷һڣ³ֵۡ
ˬ죡
ꤵʱûҲͲ̫Ҫˡ
꣬ûӰʳٶȣƼӹ͸ئˡ
ئЦûƭɣúó԰ɣ
ٺ٣ǺóԶˡ
ئʱ㳳ˣֻ߼ﷹ˳ˣҾͻᵽҪһ档㻹˵˵װ˵㣬е࣬ҵ治ФݲϧФϰˣˣ
Ƴ֣ϡŹֵİ֮ǰئĹϵǺܲģͳȥһѣئ˺ƣ磬ϲ࣬˵ڳƽƽ޷ҪǵʱǰһǿԵģԼ״ҲǸƢͶˡ
ǹѸô£
촰˵ҲȦˡ
ðŪȻئңͷó
ئЦЩⶼƾ죬˰ɣ
ࣺܵø˵˵ǹѸʲôͷôʶģͷҽһ֪ô˵
ئһڽϿһС׷һܣǹ׷öأҿͦģ͸ںͷȳ˸С䡣
ࣺղιСưɣ
ئͷе㲻˼㲻ǲôҲҴȥȻֵøҳֻÿ°ؼ·ȥι㶫˵Ҳְ⹷úܣϵңһȥ·ϵȣҲףֻ˵ⲻǰԵְɣ
ĵɶǰԵְǰܲҲǹɣ
ÿؼˣǿСȥˣ
ئ󲿷ǣղ˵Сôʶ컹·ˣҾʹȥҼңⲻʶѸ¶ĸģز죬ϺҲףƽܰһѾͰһѣ޷ǰݰˡѸ˵Ƿ飬͵㶫ͷػؼȥ׷ʣ˵Ƕ˼⣬Ҳˡ
ࣺЩ飬˵ûУ
ئ˵ˣǲŰ
֮£Ҳò֣ҽΪ³ȥҲǰ취ҿҽиĽᣬһֱ̻ȥҲûʧԭ򡣡
ئ˵𣿡
һ
¿ئƽպ񲻺£ﻹ͸ġ
డҲ㽻סʵ¶̸ˡ֪ϼҸĸűӣҲҪӣⲻ˵ģÿӡҴûֹ㣬Ҳ뷽跨οʱ̸ʱҲӦúúõģÿسҪú˵¶
˵ţئЦ
һҲͰˣÿضҲЩˣɲǲ𣿡
ҲˣƢôҲۣئ޷֤ңٴս˵ʱܲڼһӡ
ʵ˵໹ͦͬئġ
Ҳ֪ңƢǴ̥ʹӣɽ׸ıƣҲĲˡ
ܲһԶ޾ôɢˣһò
һȥȰȰҽ㣬ҲҽúİɣĽ򿪣ӵǻᣬɲôҽҲǵԼܸܼ󣬲Żż
ئļ
֪ˣ꣬ǾͻȥأҲϲ飬ûʲôϲĹҪǼǹعȥҸ˵ȥ
ԭ˵ϲԼĹ̫࣬ԼˣߺȻðƵӰ֪ô˽ȥ
ҲżȰǵɡ
ئ⵵£ͳװǱ߸ˣԭϻ׼ȥҲ䷹ئ棬ֱӸ߸˻ؼң˳·ңǳӣ˺忪̸ġ
һҲͦ˳ġ
ңئָ˳Եģ鲻ûһúģԭίң˵һ飬ʹ粻֮࣬Ȱ˵ңҲȥ
ĵ󹦸ɣ׼طСڼ빵ͨͷ𼱴ٵ
Ӷ˺ٻȥˣֻԼȥš
ҹģʵ벻ͨ˭ҹ
ơ
վȴơ
Ѹ
ɫһͨˣ
賤٣ȾҺӣ
һæȥ
˵ôˣ
ϣǺѧ֮Ͳˣڶû
ࣺô֪ס
ϣ֮ǰ߹ңұûŴţɴʱʵͷӬһ㣬ֻܹˣ
ɫ˫Ŀͨ죬ۿҪ
̽ͷһ¡
ͣһưڵ֮ȴûŮӶͬС
ҹеģȷǼˡ
ңئҲ˳
ңϣԳԭѾתɫˢ֡
వϽϺئ֮ǰ˿ʧٵӦȥֱȥһ˾ְɣڼŽɣ
ңŭԼôȥֱֱǼǼѵǾ𣡡
û˵꣬Ͻߣ˳Źϡ
źԼئӵĶ
Ĩ۾Ǹ
賤٣ԲסҲȥ֣һŮӣôҹȥ˼Ҳ£թЩǮٴߣǰҳէʱѾˡϺʶҲһλʵͶ·ˡ
õãס۱ϻˣȥֱɣҺҪ
ֹ̧˵ȥ
ʵ˵ûʲôøУ໳ɣֻ޹ģһȵȺҵ˵
лҪ˵Ҫдģˣȸ˵Σ




130 
ɫ
Żư, ಻ܸͬһ, ֻܸԱ߼ӿŲɿ˵ȥ
Ѹĺ½, ½, һȥѧ, ԭǰصҵģϵǽ̻ѧУ, , ҲԶ˵ܿܵ, ̰, ʱֻδ¶, ϳȥңѧУʦ˵ˣֻؼһˣҲûȵӻ, ż, ȷѧ;·ʧٵġ
᲻ȥС, ҽ˵ҺʶΪһСƹ
ϵƽʱҲ̰棬ɴδôûճǰһ˵ԵϺ, ϶ǻؼҳ
Լ쿴ĺͯԼĪͣ飬ӦݣҲӳٶ۵ĺӣȷ˵ǺʮСʲôˡ
ͷʲô¶пܷйȴӿ¹ͽۣҲʮߺͳˮͶӣĻӸ洦ɼЩϸƤСкСŮ˷ѡֶ
½³ٳûлؼңҲѹϻᵣģ⺢Ҫǳ˲ӣһѸ˵
ϵĻࡣ
ԼúһѧӦŮӶȥȻֿʼѯࡣ
賤٣˵ƻసӣлǰӺܺ䶯ԬѪô
𴦣ƯŮǺȤԷϸˮĹ¡
ûʲô˼ҫֻſڵǶǱֽϹдġ
أʱҲ˱ֽ˵˱ãΪһ̽
ȴûֹͣ佱
νһ̽ͷҲ֪ǶһЩСΪ˲ȡŪͷ
̫̫Ҳпϰ𣿡
ϣҲʶ֣ʱѧġ
һûһ˵䣬ܾӶ࣬ȴûһһཻ
ҲǹڽŵģҪɢע֪ЩԽŷԽࡣ
ϸʶûãʵ̸Ͻ飬Ҳ̫ǳˡ
Ѳ˵ϻƿԡ
ͬϵִ֮󣬾Ҫ˸绰ݣƳʷ˹ͨʷ˹ǱߵĹϵѲ£ʼ¼ڹ˳ȥѰС
ϼֲϻȥϢҪѲϢʷ˹ϣ˼ûߣѲſڵĵϡ
õŸ첲ɪɪȰȥϢ
ϺȻٶ¡
賤٣ǶлҪҿѲŶˣ
⶯¹ߵëͷ֣˼ֲܲȥ
ʱˡ
󻹸һŮŮǣŸС
ϵǡ
ŮҵŮӶŵʱ
СǴұѰҹ½¡
̫̫
ŮӶһϾͽ
ôˣСүҵˣǻȥɣ
½һȻǱǵķӦŻˡ
Ťӣ˵˹ȥ˽§뻳
¸ˣ
ֿЦ
㵽ȥˣ֪֪Ϊܵ㣿
ҡȥ׷Сˣ·ˡ
½̧ͷˣ£µͷĸԼ
״Ҳһ
ҵǵģơ
Ƶҽӵĵ绰֮󣬾ȥҿſײŮӶ½»˵̫̫ԼѲҴˡ
Ͻ½§ýƺ˵ԼĽ֮飬ˣֻ½Ǽۣȥĸ׵ı
Բ㵣ˣԺҲˡ
ƵɫˣڻȥҲȫѲһٻȥ
Щ⶯ŮӶȴ̫̫ϼҵ̫үϷ˵Ҫ̽Сүģˣ
ˣԣɫ΢΢һ䣬Цֳƺ˸񡣡лλ٣ˣʵǸмˡиˣնϺл
Ƶǹ¶ĸסȷǳ鷳ҵ˾ǣլţʲôҪæֻܺһУǼҳˣ˶࣬
ѵÿģֱ񿴼̫ͬʱ
ǧл½ϻư뿪ŮӶԱߡ
ʲô
ջߣ
ࣺڿǲǹˣ
ޱ֡
⧲ձݺһ£Ͻٿҡ
û˷֣㶪ˡ
Ӷڲְ
ƣջ֮ǰĻ
ࣺ
ƣЩŹ֡
ڷˣ˵ɹˣ
˵֪꣬ģ԰ɣղΪλң

ĵȴһ仰
ղ·ϣ½³ŮӶûע⣬˵ϲĸף϶ãҪ룬֮ǰ˵йŹ֣ȷеġ
ίԼ֮ǰеϡ
˭֪ûе󣬷һ
ˣҲյһϢ
ƣ½£
ϡ
ӶһֽŤŤд֡
ҡ
ĿԣʶĲ򵥡
ԭΪһ׮ܽͷСѸź˿ļͥ־磬˰æҺӵСӣֱĸϷ롣
ࣺղϸ¹ʱ򣬳ûⶫ½˵ϲҪȴҾѲϵ½»˵Щ
ƣ̫ܡ
ࣺϵʲôɸ˵ܣӦûѹ£»СС»ˣǰæѰˣҪִŶԡ⸾˲򵥣һʼȫԾܾҵİݷãȴҽţҷּа룬ĺȤѲ·ϣԬǼӣڿЩζˡ
ƣ㣬ȣ
ͷ
½ȣ벻ġˣ˭˵ģҪ˭
һ˵С޺ǿ϶Сӡ
ûϹȥھɵ㣬Ҳѡȥ½¡
ȴô϶ˡ
½˵ģôпܾר˿Ļӣ˾涢ţҲԷһϹǽ½ʲôڣһϲʲô顣
ʼ磺ûûϲҪȵǸأĸŮҲױֵĿ֮һô˭ֻȺˣǸŮӶҿͦǸŮӶϵ̬Ȳ̫ǶԴŮˡ
Ƶ֮̽Űݷãܲڳʲô
˸Ƿ챧Թ
ҲУһڵģûƼҽɫҽպһˣɫֻصǰڻȥû᲻ᱻ꼰㡣
ƿͷûãëӭչûס˳ƽһ¡
ȥ˯ɡ
Уһûȥ˵һȻҽϺӿ϶ᵣģΣˡ
۾ˣֻ˯Ũصè䣬һҡߡ
ҡҡͷ·ˤһӣֻøں档
лҪ˵ĩ죬Σ
ǰ100ͺ~~




131 
ȥ֮趼ûϴ, ͷ˯
ڶʱ, 飬߳һ, Ѿȥϰ, ڸ嵰, һзƽ˾ʲôû
Ǳǰٵ, ߵ㱳, ̽ڡ
㡪
ңһͷŶˡ
Ҫѽ
Ц, һ, , Ҫ緹ġ
ʵƿ϶ڼҳ˲Źô˵ֻΪ˶ƭһ嵰ԡ
ԣɲ͵ʰô
ңһҶ
ζˡ
ңûע⵽Լҵܵܵ, أԵư, ϺԷ, Ҷһ㣬ģڻڳˣٳȥ˰ɣ֪ϲʲô
, Ҳ׵ܵܣĲ𣿡
ң֣˵˵Щʲô
ࣺѵ㿴˼Ҵ㣬Ҿ͸׵ܵһôһܵܣ㻹֪ϧ
ңЦˣǲ˰ãȥִһ˻ã
ࣺá
ңȥȥȥһߴȥң
ɫС̽ʡ
û˰ɣ
ңƲƲ죺ʲô£
̾˿ҵḶ́һ޶ϵģͿʼˣͲˣѸҲûʲôϵᣡ
ο¸йŹ֡
ûң˵ô࣬ˣҪֹԼȥ顣
ңбڰ˵
˫֣ؿɼվߵģ
ңˣ򶼸˵ˣû£ţϽȥ
ɫްĦŷȷǺͽˣŷġ
һȻơ
೤һ죬§˼Ҳӣһõļơ
緹İɣ
Ƹ˵ǣżƮ˳Ƹ˿ڡ
ûУ볢ңա
ࣺ
˵Ϲ
ңöżõļ߳üЦ
ƣ죬ļ
ֿ죬һӴ೯ħצ
ȥϴ֣
벽֮ңûȳζź֣߿
ߵϴּšˮͷմ˵Ūһ£󶯾̧ͷӾ￴Ҳˡ
ҲϹϴˣֻ
ڣ̺ʲô𣬶ֲˡ
ࣺԱȻ˵һ𴲾ȥ̽ҽҽ飬ڵˮδô
ͦס
ƵЦͣȴôϵͬ顣
ȻҽҪѸ飬˵̫࣬ҪϹˣ߶ûûˡ
䣬ֱһ׽ס
֡
Ƽʪܵ˫־Ҫȳȥ޿̰˾
޿κ죬קŲֽҲãӾǳ챻߶ȴ޴ӷɷƺֺЦ
ࡣ
ʲô
졣
ü̧ۣ˼ԣƾʲôұ졣
ƣȻҾ㡣
üʱ˵Ļˣһ˲ƵľҶ繴Ū֡
Ǹ˵ˣչȥڶԷҧһڡ
أҲɿ졣
ΪңԶûܼȥ
ϴûУĥ䣬Զˣ
ӳѳԵĶ˳ϴϴ죬˳һ
Щź̾˿
ݺݵһۣɫ΢죬֪ߵĻġ
ƹź߿ԸһЩ
߳ȥ
࣬ô£һô죿
ңͷʵܵܡ
ûġ
ңҿࡣ
මȻθô첲գ
ĶԼһЦ
ݣխƣȴҲ̻
극˾ǰ硣
Сͷఴ塣
£š
ҵŮӶ
ƣһ㶡
λ𣿡
̫̫źӻ֮ϢΣǹӡ
෢ŮӶǵĵûйھϲӭſڣ¶дǵ֫ԡ
ô𣿡
֪ʡ
ǵҲǣ̫̫ˣдλŮӶ¶ɫ
ƶһۡ
ôͲˣ컹úõġ
ŮӶҹľ˵ͷۣһˣӦҹˡ
˭ˣ
ӵ洫
ŮӶͷǡ
Сӵŵŵܹһϲ
ããǿ
С˷ŮӶͲˡ
ڡ
̫̫ôˣҽ𣿡ʵ
˽ˣһ͸æһҽ˵Ƿգһ룬̫̫˯أ
ŮӶصĻ
ûֱӿ½¡
𣿡
ŮӶ¶ãһ
лҪ˵ðˣ᲻е٣ȡ
ΣĩϹأǰ100ͺ~~




132 
ŮӶɫ仯ಶ׽ˡ
Ӷ
½µͷ, 죺ҽ˵˯һ, ϲѣ, Һܵ衣
లοҽ, ԹԳҩ, ܿͻáȥ𣿡
ŮӶ¶ɫ
½ȴҴȥ
ŮбҲȥŪ, ֻǸվſڿһ
ϸűӳ˯, ƾۣʲô״, Ƶ, ϶һʬ塣
½½, С壬Ǳ˯ˡ
ǻص
ν㣬㵹Ȱɡ
½ºܶ, ŮӶ衣
ŮӶȴû
, ֿ½, еԥ
ǻæˣô󶯾һ趼䲻ˣ£ŮӶ׻ǲ˵Ļ, ҪǲУҸʹˡ
֪ҪŮӶǲߣõѯ½£Ҳ
ò˵Ҫ˵ʱܰ˸ɫˡ
ŮӶŻعϽЦλȥ׼㣬̫̫Щĸص⣬͵⣬Եʲô
ÿһɰȥˣǾ³Է˳㿴ָ̫̫½£㻶ӭ𣿡
½ºܸˣȻˣ
ŮӶŭԡ
ܺöѲѰˣȻйϵбŮӶֻҪɵģͲҵǡ
ǿЦ½£СүԵʲô
½룺ϲ㣬νɡ
ಹ䣺Ҳϲ㣬ɣ㲻ûеĻҲǿк⣬ӣˡ
ŮӶ
ǵЦԽŤ̲ס
С֮ң±ƽһҲˣ̫̫Ҫڼģ
ƽվˣ˿϶ˣղǶô˵̫̫ţȻǵɹͣΪ˼ʡǮʵȴˡ˵ķ𣿲֪ĻΪҵ˰ɡ
飬˵ɫף½£ŮӶǴĶҵģƽòҲĸӵİɣҪȻȥѲһˣʲôӼһһԼηʵˡ
ŮӶ֪£ͨϴధ˵ԼϺܾãĹֻڼˣѿˡ
ǮȥֲͷظˣŮӶڰΣûм׷˼ǮϽ뿪
ŮӶ뿪
Ǽжˣ½¡
½ö˶·ѧӦ
ǰ֮νˣ˵ν̵Զݣܺóԣܰæɻ岻ãʱû񡣡
Ƶ˵̫̫ĸף
½µͷˣλǰְֺȢġ
ǾǼĸ
ƣүү̻𣿡
½£ڵģүү¡
ƣȻǻڣô뿪µģүү𣿡
½죺˵ϺѧУãҪѧ˽ҪгϢ˵ҰְǰڳĽ̻ѧУ֮ûȥѧ
һֹ࣬Ҳ⡣
òȷһΡ
ûȥѧ̫̫Ϊʲô˵ѧ֮󲻼ˣ
˵ѧУңҪѧڿѧҶⲻ˵Լû˵Ʋ𡣡˵˴½Щ飬̫̰棬ʱ·ˣڲʶĵطתһλʦңǣνҵҵġ
ƣҿ̫̫ʧٺżǰæȴ˵Ҫ㣬ô㣿
½µͷŤָС˵ĸãҪСģѼǲãҲˡ
ЦԷǣŪ˰ԭ
̫̫ΪĸԺǲǵ۰Ҳ˵ûпŰ½¾Ͳˡ
ôšҡֽǴӺ˵
һƺҵ𰸡
ղ˵ν̵Զݣǲæģ
½ãȻҡͷһСӶԣȷЩΪˡ
ࣺνƽʱǺòã
½£ķܺóԣ趥죬˵Ļ
ࣺ˵ʲô
½£˵ĸá
ࣺҲû̫̫꣬ȥ廹ԣôͻȻˣ
½£˯ҹνڳܡ
ࣺʲô
½¶Ҳ֪
ƺŮӶϡ
ϻ˯˵Ȼֻ֮ܵʸˡ
˸һСӣƺҲûʲôĵġ
£ǻ½µĹΡ
ǰ˽Ӷʲô飿
½µǧģ飬徭
С֣ڶʲôˣô˶徭ѵû˸㣬ѧҪ¿α𣿡
½²˼¿αҲģģұѧᡣ
ߣӣʲô㣬пα𣿡
½˷Ӣ˵ѧұ̻ѧУǽ̻ѧУҪӢĵġ
ЦȻˣڶڼѧҵȫš
˵仰ʱƼ¶һŹֵЦݡ
˼ԣӢġ
ŭˣƲǲ
ӢƽƽĲҲ̶ãҲҪ˭ȣһδŵСӣǲֵ
ƴ𣬴пϷĿԴζ
ϧˣûСӴ۽羪
ΪŮӶˡ
ȥ˵ٶȳ֮죬࿴Ĺңװ˶
ν㣬Ե𣿡ʵ
ˣλԣˣһ죬ǳӺͼСүλȵӣ÷Ͼܳˣ
ŮӶͷЦ̬ȱ֮ǰڲ٣ɼȥһҲˣ֪ܵǡ
ࣺ̫̫أû׼Եģ
ŮӶæ̫̫飬ҽֻܺ࣬Ҹˣ̫̫һ߲ࡣˣ⻹ŹǣȻŪǴСţСүԵģĺ⣬ҲУ
½»ҪǴСţ
ŮӶǳӸװȥæµˡ
СƵͻȻʹˣò˰ɣ
ưһۣҪǱôһͨҲ⣡
ǺЦӱͦ⡣
ƤЦⲻЦӻֿɰһûסڶԷһ¡
أ½±ڷαȫûע⵽
ʶ΢΢һҪ֣ȴԷ׽ס
һ¡
½»ͷ
Ƽʱ֡
壬Ҫô
ûסȥơ
ҿ˼
ֱԷʱ䣬Ҳûܼ
˷ܼܲ˼Ҽ˽½¶ŮӶҪϣ߲ҲŮӶȳһڣιϣ½ҲӦˡ
Ѱ˼½µүүٲϲλĸҲûǸ¶ɱˣԷһˡ
֮ǰ໹⵱ŮӶ棬½£ǻ̽ġ
ŮӶҲ֪û֮ɫޱ仯
լƽŲһ٣ͷȥ
СûʲôرΧһשǶŲɽǾޱƯ
ܾЩ֡
΢΢üȴ˵֡
лҪ˵ָˣѪ




133 
ڿʲô
ߴ
ڿ¥Ĵ
ȴú, Եʯ̻, 飬ʱ͵Ľ
Ѹ, ˿̴ý, ܲ͸, Ϊ˯
ִͬ, һڰ, һ
ȴߣи, ֮, ޴̽ı˰
, 
δܴյĴ𰸣ʱȴԨ
ջߡ
ϣٶΪůʵʸС
ĴھõһͣҶ⡣
̲סס, 
䲻컯֮¶Էôһ, ʶ, ȴ˼
Ϊ˭˵ѣ
Ҳ֪
°ͣûôǿҵĹУҲɵء
ܺùһĥ
ƭˣûбҪֳô󶯾ȥǡ, ǸŮӶ½游ĸߣҪӴߣ¶ֻҪǲŮӶŶӰҾˣȫûҪȡ½˱޳ĪκβΪʲôϻҪȣ
ġ
½լЩìܣ½֮ڼ֤ʵҲġ
߸Բ
ǾùŹֵĵط
ѵпԣֻߡ
ɫȻֳһ˿졣
ʶơ
ߵϡ
ȻҲ뵽ʲôüͷ΢΢
಻ȷǲǸԼ뵽һȥˡ
½ѣ
⻰һ֪Լ뵽һȥˡ
ֻίʵе
һ˾Сôɣе̰档
ƽҲΪǹ͵СѣÿСӶı¡
һ£
Щ׻ĵˡ
ԼҰ˼·
Ҳһֻ̫̫ܵܵõˡŮӶӦòǸӺ˰ɣ
Ƶ֮ǰҲҿ϶ǰѾ˵ˣ̽ôģ֮ǰѾ˵ˣʷ˹ɸͷأҪˣҲܲˡ
㻹˶ңģ
û뵽׼
˾ϾֻǸ˾ҪƿרŸ£ҸҲרҵѲǰ˿ɲǺʹģҪǮûҲ
ƺʷ˹ĹϵȻСһ׮
ŬŬ졣
ѭʾĵطȥ
Խֵ̣һżٷȹθߴŮڹ̨ɦŪˣкˡ
ඨ꣬ǲǸŮˣǸˡ
һаŮװˡ
۾
˶֪ǸˣĴڵȷ򣬻в˳鵰⡣
С󷿶࣬˶࣬µĿҲ١
ԽˣԽ졣
ͻȻʧ
˽ܣ
ǡ
ˡ
౻ɱץѲѶ˾˽ܡ
ΪҳԬҵ²ֿܣ򻹻ѹһء
û뵽δꡣ
ô⸱磿ҲҪ󣿡
ɫŹ֣Լ۵ľû˵ĳ̬Ⱥá
ƹҲ֪ʲô
Ȼǣֻ涢š
˽к·򵰸⡣
䲻ǰ˸Ӱ
ֵóԣ
˽û壬ʶЦ
صˣһݰɣոճ¯ģڣˣ
Ҫǲβ۲ӼӣҲҪӣҹͷĵ⣬ûУ
˽ܣҳӵİɣǲ֪үʲôݡ
ǣһЦҲɤˡ
ֵûУҪƤҵǿԡţ裿ࣿ
ЦӴ򣬺þòôˣүһ
ֹ˽ܵ°͡
˽ܸϽͷû
ȥȥȥͱϷŪˣأ
ѹ
ҿһĻʵ̫ˣϧͷûҪ
澴ҵһҪŮأ
˽ʱҲˣ֪ô㵭
㶮ӣ󣬶һܶ׬һݹǮ
ࣺҹ֮أܲһ쵽Űɣ
˽ܺٺһЦҹ֮ǰͷֿڻ֧̯ӣ̯ƽյıѣǻյģҾЪᣬ˳ྡ
һá
Ĵָ˽ܣɶռˡ
⻧˼ЩŹ֣ϵġ
˽ܶĻΪȻƲƲ죬˵ûҹǮһʮʱôһҸʲôÿģʱ䵽ͽˡ
Ƶ˽ܡ
˽һͦٺã
ƣլҪˣܳһз紵ݶ͸ңһݵĵ绰㡣
˽ܣϣģ֤񣡡
ƵͷƲһ䣺㣬λҲûˣͷҾʷ˹ᡣ
˽ܶʱ˼ѪЦݶϹˡ
˵˽ͷ¿ƵĻɾǵԴǰߵĺܲ
죬˽ܶû쳣
൹ȥլһأûʲôŮӶճˣ½żҲԺˣûоǣֻڰ۲졣
ŮӶһҽݣְ֮ߣƺȷŮ˿ġ
ӹ۲˵һƽ˼ҡ
˶¥ҵĴʼûҲˡ
ϵĲ鷴ܲһⶼ뿴
ȥ˽ܣ˽Ҳ˵û
׼֮̽ȥһҿ
˽ĥһۿԼõʱͿ쵽ˣòˣǰƵҺţСһȦſп޵ϣڴһʲô
򲻸ˣһ˴Һų
˴ŶñӣĴҴңͷһǲ̫뱻˷ֵɡ
ǵˣ໹ô˺
Ҳ룬ȥ
ԶԶģԷ߳ƣһҩ̡
˰죬ȵԷҩ
̧ͷ·˲䣬Ҳ˵
ư
ϣſߺӲǰæȥѲģư
ųۣȻѾǻưĴ磬ѹһʱûϳ
ѵȵԴͷǳڴϣ
ɣ˺棬ۿֻصҵС󷿣֮ǰһӺŽȥתۻظղŵҩ̣óǮ¸̨ץҩСƣոץҩҩ
٣ʡЩʲôЧģ
಻ͨҽҲӡ
ҩ̻Ƶ߰ķӣµôԭϸǿץģ̲Ͽ϶Уǿ˵ҪȥιԼЩѼǳսиݣΡ
̫̫סС󷿣ļѼҪ˳Եģ
лҪ˵εΣΣ




134 
, ǶƯС, Ȼɹ޵Ѫڣ֪ʱͻſ, Ƥ̽ȥ, Ҳһߡ
ȵֽ, С
һ˲䣬լڶͲ, ıƺ, ֲ²ǰ
ãϵȷΣ, ŮӶưϸʲô, ºԼĽɻȥ, ڶԽּӵ˽ʲôõģֹֻ룬ȴֹɱ֮
ڱˡ
ûóóȻȥңȥ˽ܡ
˽ܻװ, ֪е, ǻֵװģȤ, ҲԸ˽ܾǰӢǸ˱ֻţϰֵ¡Ҳȥ
һһŮˣ˽է࣬ûӦ, ͱĳඣ
ˣ㣡
ļǣһµġ
˽ܲҵ󣬸ϰ˵һڵ̺߽װٷŨױûüжԵû
ߵ˵Ľ䴦ղβ濴һ˵һ¡
˽պٺ⻹ףȥѲˣ㳭һɱȥץС
ࣺѲͷûдϣ
˽ܣǴˡ
ϰ屾Ҳ֪ݣ·鷳
鷳Ũױһʱϴɾ·֡
ȴûôࣺǾͳˣȹţϺ½´
˽ǿʰ׵ȥš
˰죬ͷ˲١
źŮӶν㡣
࣬һ£ƼһѲװ˽ܣϻһš
ôˣ
õƣôҽȥ
νǿЦأֻòɣ̫̫źӳȥˣû
ࣺãҽϻǳӲһֱǣǲ֪ģͷȥһء
˵ţᲦŮӶѾö֮ȥ
˽ܸںߡ
ô˺޳֮ˣ
ŮӶɴ۾ȴǡ
Ҳ˵˽·㹻
λѲĳ٣㺰򳤹پˡ򳤹ٿբĺ֮㣬֮ǣ˾أվͽǨԺ͸һƬˡ
漸䴿ҪǮ͡
˽ܱò㶼Ϊˡ
˽ܶڰȤĴ쿴
ǷỤ̋ССһٸ֣ȻǽڵķƷҲֵͦǮġǼ赵ĻƿϱŮӺйŮӣϱȽټʹˣҪõ䵱Ҳֵüʮ
ͦߣ˽ܽܡ
֪ĻΪⶰӵˣֱΪΥ͸С
˽ܻɵһƿתתȥ
ŮӶսսûҽӻ
෴̫̫ɺȫˣ
ŮӶæǣõ߰˰ˣԽСүҪˣ̫̫Դȥˣ˵ȥϷҲ֪ʱܻ
ࣺʲôϷ
ŮӶ⣬Ҳá
ࣺ޷ҽҲ£ˣҺ򳤹ĹͣҲܸ˵ġ
ŮӶ
ɲʲôأԷԸ㻹ʲôȥǳӰȻ̫̫֪㵡ˣǲ˵ģ
ŮӶûˣҵ̫̫ٳȥɣŲλ̫̫ԸҿңҲ뿪Ȼ̫̫ҪģλͲҪΪˣ
£пڣ˼ҵȻ뿪ڼ˳˵һжֻ̬ȡ
ǺãǾȣȥϲɡ
Էûˣֻȥˡ
һ͹Ҫˡ
еˣ㲻ܳȥӣЩ԰ɣ
ŮӶҪҸ¸񣿡
ࣺû̶ֳȣûʽˣҲЩɣҪ˺ͼ
㲻˵㲻ǺܶŮӶĴ˽ܵѲƷֻʵʵˡ
ۼ뿪˽ܵ˸ɫʾ߿ˣԼ϶¥ȥ
ϸû뿪ⶰӣǱˡ
¥ĸ䣬һԣҲסķ䣬ϴιʱѾϵ·ˣۿŹţֱӾŰѡ
ûһͿˡ
ǽϣʲôҲûС
ӵûҲôæŮӶӦҲʰ
ڣܲ쿴
δ¹ߵߣƿһǡ
Կ¥½־ԼԽֵĳµӡ
̨ϻм۹ӳϦá
ҲģѴϣֿʼס
𴲵
¿յһ
еʧ漴һ
ս֮󣬵ƼͷĵطһСͷ
˿ϸӦҲû˵ģϽشһ˵ڲִٵ²Сıģ˵ǳڷԸ
ԣϸûⶰ
಻óȻ¶ۡ
뿪ԣȥ༸ңջ
һʵñĵģȥ֮Զǹӡ
һ˸ߵؾźĹԱߡ
ྵԱߵĹӡ
ȫ·
ʽ·
£ۣȹϰȹװ
üͷ
Ȳ˵һعѵģôѧȹͷΪʲôЩ·ĳߴСǲһģ
Ѳɼǰϻйѧ룿
ˡ
ŪЩ·ҲȫµģЩ¹ˮģЩܿ˺ܾãɫ˲١
ƣ
һ
ûпƣֻԡ
ƣ
ǴǸ¹񴫳ģ
͵ؿȥ
ôôլ
ŮӶν¥ݼңңǷ¥Ѳˣ˽ڸƤֶЩӵĶŲһ
ŷţ˽ܴСУȻסˣֺкü˳ﱼ
Ϊ֮쳣ֱͣ˰˽ס˵°Ѷ¥ˣƬ̾һ䷿Ҳ͵߿ţ
ҲǸ¹ҲǸոշöĹӣ
·
ʲôҲûС
ֱȥ·
ȷֻǸѰ¹װ·˵ˣֻûС
ŵ·༱ѰҴ֮µĻþ
ûףѾɷ˵ǰץˡ
ӻתȴ˿̧ȾͰǰѲˡ
ֱһ|ǹָסĶͷ
̧ͷһ޹
л˵ôαضֶţĸģ
Ϊ֮ڲż򡣡
ЦǲͶˣ¥µѲǿûУբģңҲǰͬУоֵģԼˣл˵αضǹ
żıûʲô仯ڿ˽ܵʱѾԷȻ˵ûҪ˽ӣҲ˵иĿɽ
Ϻ̲߻ӣϵѰвͿܵ˻֪
Ǻڲբˮˮоָûйϸǹˡ
ࣺѵģҵѣҲڻɱ鷳ֵɡ
żˣھ˱˵ôլͼ졣
лҪ˵εΣΣ




135 
żһ, Ϊûô
ԼϺ̲˼, ˵ڰ׵ͷڰ׻, µߵ, ôǷǰ, ͨԺڰЩСŵúܣȻҲ֪ôż
ƤЦǼ빤, żͶ˼ֽ
ƮƮ, 󶼹ϣżû, ʵڲϵ, ٵͷһ, ӲɵԲˡ
⼸ֽǷֽӢ
Ӣʱ¹ͨûңλ˽֪뻻ԪҲ, , ʱԪ, ҲСݼǲˡ
żɫȻģһࡣ
Ǵ˵еļǮۿ
ϵܣҶԼˣ͸ɣ˭İ, ôͶʦڹˣ
żϹʱϿŮӶһȥ¥ͱˣղſһ¥е绰ģ绰ȥѲס
һŮӶô֪Ѳĵ绰ңôլɴС̯ȻˣѲһʱ͵øϹ⻧˼ҵǸѸϥֻиӣһϲûʲôϵżжѸ٣ʵڲϳ
żƤûƤȴ˶ðһĻ
绰ֱӴ򵽽ݸϵģڽݸͣүһӣҹˡ
һͷˮĸү
Ϻ̲óŵתһȦûӦ
ż򣺡ӡ

΢΢ۡ
һˡ
ҹ׷ɱǡᣬ˽һѣӴ˸ϵϣҲһأӸṩ˺װϢǻǷƽˡ
֮ûӴǰʧøɸɾŰѶ
ΪϺʵҲܴ㲻һ˵ʱ򣬿оδֹ
Ӹ౾·ˣԷҲ̫ǣ
ڣϤ䲻ʾԼĴڸС
ӸѸʲôϵ
ɫŹ
żȻ֪ʲôΪСʱǰҲһ뷨
Сӵĸɵ
½µĸɵ
ıŹˡ
ӲǰµˣȻһСɶӣĪѸʲôǣ
ѵѸǸɷ򣬷ͷѾһƬԭ
żɫĪ⣬Ϊڵˡ
Ҫôڸߣȥүü
൹ӣôѸĸӳϹϵģڲʱŪǸ춯¹񾿾ô¡
żڿ϶̽ˡ
ҲɣҾ͡
δ䣬ŮӶϲ
̫̫ˣѲ鷭ңҲ֪ʲôܵ¥ȥˣѷȫһ顭
ੲݸ״һ߸¥ˡ
ǵȷϣģҲǰ߰
Էɫ԰ףǴ󲡳ȴ࣬ȻûҹİС
࿴¥߽
ô
ûżһѲࡣ
֮Уʡ
񡪡
ѸվżǰܽҲ˵˶ѸΨ࿴ˡ
Ȼ෴˵жǿƣж
ʹ࣬ݡ
̶һ˲·Ѿ֮£ڿຣ޷԰Ρ
һˮͷ£ͷŽ͸ˡ
ĵԶϸǳǳƵľŨء
һعѸˣƣҲѹŹϵҲѾᵽϺˣ˱޳ĪҲޣһɷˣ˵ң´ұȱȽǣѸҵҪ࣬δ¶Ѹ
Լȡ
ҹһֽдž֡
ͬǣԶǶ̶֣
Ѹʲô
ȿ٣ȴ˼١
һ۶װĻҪͶˡ
ǲʲôֻ֮ߴʲôվ֮У޷˵ֻͨķʽ෢źš
ΣգҲʱ޷⣬ΣǴӺδ
Ǹй
˼ԺԼ˼·Ӧȥ
ϻع̽ҿ̫̫˯ѣŮӶֶе½»˽˾˵㲻·飬Ե£صٹ
ϽлĹģͣȻǺܻӭģδɾĴѲ飬ǿһ㣬νβأίʵҲ⣬ǰæһ£Ǻܸмģ벻Ҫˡ
˵꣬תżлųʱѵ޵ܣ뿴ϣҪƽϡν㣬ЩǮλٶһ͡
νϽӦǡ
ż򿴿ֿ࣬ϡ
ô˵̫̫ǲ׷ˣ
ϵֻҪԺôլյ飬ҾͲ׷ˡ
ż򣺡ǽүǱߣҪô
ϣүǱߣҸմлų뵣ģͷҾͻǲ˺ͽү˵ġ
ŮӶ̹ȫǰ׻Բżߵ˶Цۡ
żͷ֮һˣǮˣȻҲͲ¡
ֵǣնӣ
ǰļ
߰ɡ
Ȼܲˡ
Ҳ˵Ļᡣ
ŮӶνһֱճѸ粽롣
Ѹ΢΢°͡
´ŵʱ򣬹ЩٸЩŻɵˣ
ЦǸˣ֪̫̫´ʲôʱ䷽㣬ٵǸ
ÿɷ񣺡պ˵ɣ룬ҾͲˡ
һ¥ոձ¥µ˽ܿలȻҲ˿ҪȻ治֪ôƽ
˽Ǳżǿȴҵġ
żǮϴҶǵģҲһߣû࿪Ц
ѸͦǮǹѸȢҲֵ㣬δ̫ＱЩ
ǳ鶯˼ǽүˣĸ죬ҾΪŮӶıƺԲŴ˼ơ
żţ򣬵һпպȾƣʹŵնˡ
˽ͷý¶ʵЩù
ôø˻ôͻȻ˸ɽ
㷢ʲôûУ
ʲôûС
Ҫ˰ɣҿȫǺĵ¿ηΣ˼ҹѸƤǳ飬ɵȥɣǸϽչȥȳԹӲˣô֪һ˹ݡ
˽߶߶ҶƵС󷿺棬˼Ҷ¥Ĵ˼
ڿʲô
Ĵ֮䣬δ̫ˣҼǵǶǽûôǵط¹񡭡룬¹滹и䣿
˽ܸ˵ʲô
ò濴Ѹ˰ɣ
࿴䲻ʣûоЩ֣
˽ܣЩ֣ôͻȻϽˣǿ¹ˡ
వҡͷ˽ȫ˵ϡ
ֵϡ
ǰƣǸ
϶һĸо
ϧڡ
ҾбҪȥһҡ
˽ܺȻԤС
˵ǣʲô˼Сʡ
ࣺϵ˼㣬ҡ
˽ܴ˸ͱҿЦˣ
ָԼӣ㿴Ц𣿡
˽ܣҺȻﻹе飬ʮĸԲڴҵøϽȥ˼ң
˵վҪϧ첲һקס
˽ܷԼѲǯơ
үӣͱѰˣҸղҲѹˣȻ˼ȥ״ٳûνһССѲûûɾͳڻˣ
˵ô
һ϶Է򣬰˸ק
ղȻٴɫҰʾҸȷͷ϶⡣
˽ܺɣʲôʾ
ࣺһ񡣡
˽ܣ
ûı飬ȣ飬϶ʮ𼱵֮ΣҾ㱻ˣһ£˵ʶӣҲδػҪܾһС鷳ֵõġ
˽޿κΣӲһΣ
ࣺٽȥڣҪ֮͵ȥҿˣӺ԰˿ڲ࣬ûԺǵġ
˽ܣǲȸһ£
ҪǸ첲˼ﵱʡһˡ
ࣺȻҪ˵ģһȥҽӣ·˫¡
˽һֻֻ
ҿȥŲ
ͱץ˰ɣ
ЦУǲУøһȥ̽գһûӦϢҲݲȥ
˽ֵܿܣڰѷģģ
ࣺϢҾͺ㽻װɣ򰡣ҪһӣھŪ㻹󹦣һ񣬽ǱҶţʲô
˽˵鷳
û²£ͷߣһһߺ
ȥԸʮٹУòȥţ̫СˣƼˡ
нԶ

Ƶοˡ
ѾԼһɶ
챾Ӧȥ˹ʿӡ
һӳʮǰɵӰ½ƣڵӰԺţˣȥƾǰõӰƱ͵칫
ƱˣʱҲ쵽ˣȴˡ
оַʰ칫ҵű졣
Ƶ
Ϊࡣ
ǡ
һλ֮͡
лҪ˵~




136 
һƯŮˡ
賡Ů, 
Ƽǵ
ϻȥ, ǸŮ顣
ʱվӰһ, ʹƹ谵, ҲŮģ
Ҳ졣
ܿ°͡
ҹ, ˵ûԼˡ
Ϊƻ
ԷûС
˵ʲô
ûˣ
ûҲû, ֻǵͷ, ͷ칫ƻ벻⡣
಻סˡ
Ͳһٳأ
У㲻˵, ǾһʱҲû¡
ûˡ
˵, ҹ֮˽ȥ̽̽լ, ûԼˣ˵½ǽӵĸɶӣȥҽʡ
ͷʶ, ֻԭհ, Ϊ˼סЩ, һ·Ҳ˲ٴΡ
ͣ¶̧ͷȻҲϢһ¡
֪ˣл㡣
΢һʰҪ׼ţԼȻҲٶֲ˦־, 㬵ĻǱĳһ仰
ٺܺá
ưѱʼس룬Ծͽӵ֪
ҭסˣһʱ֪˵ʲôá
Ƶ˵Ц⣬ղô¹ˡ
ʲôסֻǰ壬һ󡣡
ˡ
ݣȻԸں棬ɳʲô춯ص£ҲæʰԼأ
ֻһ賡ŮܲΪ˻ծǮ෴нգȫࡣ
ˣɬС˫ᴹ̾ﺶޡ
㡢úö٣
ԽԽѹһ仰תͷˡ
ЩĪ
û룬ûתݣȼ仰˵
˽Ѿ׼ǱңڸϹȥҲˣôӽ׵ѶϢ

˽ޡ
ԼڳԶͷ
רŸնķ˳Եһٷ
ޱȷʢ
ԽǷʢԽľս
ٿɲǶͷô
Ե㰡򣬱¸ҿ໹ͦвˡ
Բ¡˽ζͬһѰ˼ʲôҹ̽լͷ
ʵ̽ҵ飬ҲǷǵõӰɣᶼʡ
಻Ϊ⣺㵱û⣿ʹˣûסˣȥټһعˣլ񻹿ţұߵ󷿱һɽˣլÿ̫̫Ϻ̸ʱסģͷһ˷򸾣ÿ츺ɨˣһ֪
˽ǻжԽӣµ꣬أ
ࣺʲôˣ
˽Զԡ
¿ӣƤ
ˣһ˼˯ʮһӣôҲЪˣõˡ
˽ܣҪȥǰ˵
ˣҶ׼ˡ
಻֪ͳɫӡ
˽ܣ
ܵôֵɣһʲôأұװУûǹûѲȥá
ĵ
һذ
ǹֻһѣǹû׼ҴţذװɣԱˡ
˽ᡣ
Է̯ӾѸ֣˽ܲйȥʱ󲿷ֹȻϨƣЩ΢ƵĹߣҲſڵ·ơ
ţֻĳӲʼįҹ֦ͷ֨֨л
ȻҲ͹ص˯ˣһƬ
˽ﾾӣֿһ仨԰ӣҪˣԼɲ
ְˡ
˽ࡣ
ĬĬ棬۳ŶԷվסĺԺͷ˫ץס˽Ÿ¾ԽţȻ󳯺ȥ
ģٴܲͽְϣ˽ܾ͵飬ԼҲԸչȥˡ
˭֪һ˿ͱһȻˡ
˽ܣ
֡
˽ֻøϡ
һǰһ˺ٴӺһ¥
ܰ
ҲǶ˯ˣ˴ڵİ
ֻǸͨסķӣȫǸ棬Ҳٲбȥҹ̽ԬݸΣ˰ɡ
˽飬ţ֪ģ졣
ϾûʲôͻȻĳһ
һ˶¥
˽ܻع񣬸Ͻںߡ
⣬һǽǡ
˽һѸ˯ʲô̬ã
񣬶ȥһ
֮ȻȥšŰѡ
˽һⲻǴݾ
һ˼˯ûôˣǻִ
Ķĵɤˣ˽ܿĿţ̽嶼û˽ȥ
ҪѸ˯
Żǲţ
˽룬Ҳȥ
ȻȻڷΨһĴϡ
˽ܴ롣
ϸûˣ
лҪ˵е£˵㣬ȡһЩ =333=
ĩ죬ǰ100ͺ




137 
һӦǣˣ
͵ּӿ켸¡
˽ܺܿʶԾ
㱻, Ҳ, ǡ
Ӷûˡ
ʱѾϢתһȦ˳ҿһһۡ
ͷĵ, Ķңң, Щ, ûȵʱڣǧҹѰһ
˽ʱҲ, Ը, ͳķ̽Ѱ
ſӣûˡ
һ麹ðˡ
컹ڵ, Ͼʧ
Ѹһ粻ֲĸ, ȥ
½, ʧˣСҲˡ
ҲͼСʱĹǻܾټҰǨ֪
ֹʲô
Գˡ
ֱñ䡣
ͷȻҲû˵ģĴ滳ɡ
˲һӶȥ, ȥҲû, ΨһĿܾǻ, ֻû˷ֵĵط
Ǹط
˽ܾͿ¹죬Ȼһ٣ɸŽ
з֣ѹɤʡ
ͷ
˽ܸˡ
¹ĸûźǽڣпյġ
¾ˣû, ָֻȥһиоˡ
̽һָǿƿġ
Ҳ˵Ȼиռ䡣
ȥÿһˡ
˽ֱʧ¹Էܿ죬û˽ȥѾʧ¹ͷ
ԼǸǲ
˽ãȻһ̽
¹ȻһбֻŲԽԽˡ
һֱ߻ú͵ƣȫڡ
ӵоϿӦµ㲻õġ
Ҳ˵ǰ߿ˡ
˽ܸ棬˲ߺܾãͿһš
ţС͸
žžž
һһ¡
Ǳӳ|ϵ
֪ģ˽ܻƤˡ
ûסģĵؿҲŴչȥСӰź˷֡
ȻëȻһĻ
һ㣬ͷɢŮſڵϣ˩
һͷ˶͵ñǸʱʱϳӡ
Ů˳|Ƥϱ鲼ۣѪ϶Ҳû⡣
ɳӺǣ˿û飬ϱڱƵķﵽ
ǰ߿죬߲˽һʱûϳǰ߲Σ֪ܿ˭ˡ
ŮӶν㣬Сү½¡
⼸ڽֶ棬ŮӶ½½Ȼϵǡ
ڵġ
˽ܷɿͣ
ҪǷӦ죬ʱҪһˡ
Ǹ˲˹ŮˣȻѸ
˽ݽߣѲЩ꣬ССҲ档
вٻǻ߰£ЩС̸ġ
ǰһб֪ĸҪĵ档
ҰɣҰɣҲˣҲˡ
Ѹź߻ص;ĩ·ľͿ־塣
㲻ͦ𣿻ܣ뷴ǲӶ̫ã֪ߵغˣ
ҿǲײĲᣬʵҲǷɣȻˣʡֳʲô
УǸ⼸춢ýѾˣ϶ʱ򻹵˳棬Ȱ˴˵
ҾͲˣܴͣүȥ𣿡
Ƕүǰ޹ؽҪСආСȻҪԼôȥ˼ңҴˣĲʲôеǣòҪִºŮĽͺˣүĴ¡
˵Ҳԡ
½µеۣŮӶνȴƴӣȻΪ
˽ֲֻ
ѲǸһﾹװʲôħ
Сȥֻܿ½µĲ棬б顣
˫۾ɭѪģԷҲ޳
˵䣬νֿʼŰϣһޱ޳ȥ顣
֪ǲǸιҩԵʣϰ|ȴ﷢ţƫν½˸̬ƵģΪܣЦ
˽ּѲ̵ģҲе㿴ȥ
ʱͱһ£ȳˡ
˽ܻ뿪ʱŪʲôúħ׷һ·ţҴ
˵ֻһŮ˺һС˽ȴ˻Ҫɲ
˴¹ؼյһ̣˽ܲ˿
Ͻ·£¹ϣСļһ飬öԷͷﱻǱ
ôţȥٰɣ
û֨ʾ뿪˵
õҵϢ϶ȥҽʸҴûʲôүţ鱳δؾ
С󷿺ų˵ˡ
˽ܣǲȻȥѲ
ࣺԼҲѲģְӣǻ𣿡
ᡣ˽ĵ漰б˳ɾǲ֮

˽˵嵽ȥ
СνǣҲ֪ⱳûô򵥣һǣ飬˽ܾԼǵģҲû༸Сȥðա
ϽؼңҪôֱѲ˹һѣϽȳҲˡ
ҾֻǸӣǵĻӦûʲô¹淽ղǼӦλѸߵķȥǼ䷿ӿ
˽ܣ㻹İ
˵ͳǱߣ˽ԭأɴߴ١

˽ܿɥڼ
ݡ
ٺһסĺ죬˸˸
ۿǻ빲ֵܣ㲻ӡ
˽޿

Ϻкüӡ
ݣҲգΪҲգܲһطŵġ
˵Ҫ÷Ҫ꣬Ҳ١
Ȼ֪齣Ȼа취ϵӡ
ҵǰźÿģͨмϵܿͽӵӵ磬Լ鷹¥һ档
һǵķ꣬ʣڴ齣ĩҲиᣬʿһãǰһأľۻû˼û
ûƬʱ䣬ܿӸԼõŷͷ
һţžʹͷˡ
ţҲֻһ
ðˡ
£ҿΪƵһԼᡣ
ûຮѣֱ롣
˵˸ɶӣ½£
ӣôˡ
ıܵҲ⣬˵ͲµƵ⡣
ƣ뽭ָԽ򡣡
Цָˣʲôô
ó̺Уһ̣ҲƵһ
Ȼʣۡ
ȴܲ
Ϊࡣ
лҪ˵ĩ죬ǰ100ͺ~




138 
ڷӹȻҲûˡ
˽ڷ, ڿ̺ҵһķεӡ
а, ǿģ࿴˼, ûȥ, ǰѵָ̺ԭ, ʾ˽һ뿪ӡ
˽ִܿӺԺ, ǽס, һ߰̾ԼһٻձѵѲ
Ҳòܴݾ߰ɣ, ȻѲ, ټ, ٰΧһˣʡ𣿡
Ȱ˵࣬ϣԷӲӲͷ
ҡҡͷ
˽˰أ㻹ȥǣ
ַʣΪҪȥ, ڰץ, ȳ, δڳǱܣһʱ᲻Σգ⼸ȶǰɣ˵˳ϣǱҲˡ
ȷǹΣڽ, ǰвݴԣǶ
ȣǸòҪιϵӰɣ
˽ܿ˵ÿ̯ģԼҪùԺ˵ʲôܸһˣƾƿʲô룬Լ־ˣ
Թ԰͸оͱԼ첲һ¡
ǰߣ
˽æѭȥ
һһӰС󷿳
ν½£
˽ܷǵû˷ܣеһȻӿͷ
ʲôʱãƫҪʱ
Ȼͻз֣ߣȥ
ӵ
˽ķ²ۣûӵĽڣѾ˺棬òں档
ҹ·ûˣ½¸νۿûˣߵҲؽߵͷ֮ҹսСмͿʼ
ߴ·ר꣬ƣʱһȦƻԭأصͣȣƺû˸Լ
˽ܲ죬ιʧ׼׷ȥȴ༰ʱǽߣȻһֳԭųһ亹Եɵɣֻרĸࡣ
˰Сʱ֮ԶԶ˽һҸ
һŵ֮ʵʩκ˲ڽ϶ҲģƩǰ䣬ǱӪ߻ͣС
ν½¶ˣŮӶʹСүطͷһˣҲƣֱŽȥ
֪ϵԼóóȻǰ˺һŴ˽ǰ
ſûӦŲþͿһأΧΣ˵û٣ϡϡ䣬Щ裬Щŵ˵
ȥһ졣
ֵطǼˣӻ־ӦҲ˵Ҫʲôƣ˵ǰһָ˷Сѣ˵ԼŮûӦƼλ
Ӧ⣬Цܿȥˡ
˽磺᲻һ㣬ҪǶԲ¶ô죿
ҡͷǰĿʶ߹ӣƽغݶͣȰܣųƹȫϺ̲ÿһ賡ÿһŮ裬Σ޳ң䲻׼ѧ˵̫ܲͽﻹ˵ġ
֮⣬߹ַǳˣǲ̫ܲ͵棬ûǸӡ
˿ģҲֳ۾¹۲졣
ûƼ½ºνӰ״ϱϡ
Ҹʡ
ܿˡ
ӦȥƿƺŮ
ŮһȣһգϺ̲賡ؽǣҲΪǵ
Ƽˮ꣬곡Ϸˡ
ǾˣȴۣӦǸûãֽű׾ѾϣŭæԲԴ³衣
ڶ֧˴˶ҲЩƤЩң֪ͱԷǣűߡ
һСܡ
ϢϣŹˮİ㣬޷ܡ
ʲôЩ
ࣺ˵ͷһ
Цֲסڸô֪˴ģ
ࣺȻ˸ҵģ˵ľϲҡҺ˰ƣ֮⣬ҲûʲôƵϾϲ
ȱúܿģ֦ҲΪûҶ·
õԼҪĴ𰸣ҲЦү
ȳһͣЦʶү
ࣺСʶүʶүµˣ˼Ҹ˵ġ
ȣʲô
Ϲ˵˶
ȳû֣Ǻƭġ
ںģҸҲǾѣ˵ĵطģҲģǾͲˡ
ЦǲŮӿģ
ͷһô˵Ůӡ
ǾںȻͦĵġ
Ҹָ·ɡ
ţ
ǰûУ
߹ӣ
ʶǾͺðˣȻҸ߹ʶʶͿԸȥ۽ˡ
ʶү
Ҳǵһ˽ܵģСƭӡ
ҲСƭӣô˵Ҳƭˡ
Ӷͳһ֧ոδĿں
㾹ſں죿һӣ־ֻϲ׼ĸŮӣ
ұ׼ɼ㣬;
ıϣϵȫû
һȰգ׼ȥ߹ӡ
ס
ȥҲͰˣɱϷǵطȥġ
˵Ҳˣһ˵Ȥ
á
ȥ˱ƣȥ߹Ӵڨ
߹Գ֪ˣһӣԭһãȻͷ˵ԷԶףҲӡ
Ҫֺһ˵ʱ򣬶Ȼ˾Ҳֿ̧ժοǲѧ߹ӣһ׽ӴʱƮƮȻҲӡãһһŮĵϺ̲ķ³ѾΪ֪
һӦźƹȥĳʱߺԥͰϣӴԼ˽ܣҲȻӦʡ
ͬһĸ࣬һˣ賡Ӧ򿪺ţƿص޲ɽХ
ˡ
һȥˡ
µĶΧ޲ΧͽߺȻ˫ĿѪסׯԲͲ·ͷװĲӣδˡ
ЩӮ˵ĹȻϲ裬ǱϾҲвһ䣬ʹ鲻ȥģĳһһϳȥĵ̶߿Χȴֻ۾ڶϡ
˽û뵽賡ôĹݣһʱˡ
ʱ²ģΪĹݵҲиȻˣΪĹݻҪ⣬±˷أ
ĹôѵǿԽԽã
˽ܻʴȥ֣ڶʱһ
лҪ˵צӲСıˣ˺ܶѪûɶ󰭣ǴֵʱӰ죬ԱдǱߵߣˣɣȡдûĵط~~




139 
ÿǰ, Բĳ, һŽֽ
˽Լˣ۾ֶŹ۲Ƭ, ӦӲֽˢ˽, ڵƹ, էǳĴ
ֽϻӡһЩ֣еǡ顱, еǡ, СҼģ˽ܲ⡣
һ淨ǶĴС͵˫
ܼ, ö10ΪС, 11Ϊ, Χׯͨԡ
˽ۿŶǸͽӮ߬Žֽתȫ⣬һ, ɱ۵ׯ, ȥץ, ֪ð󺺾Ͱ˸ˡ
Χ޲һȣ˽ҲҲʣת˰ҵһҲڴ֣һšơŽֽˡ
Էԥڿע񣬱˻侲
˽ܴչȥ˴ڨ, 䣬Щ֮ſʼ
ϸ磬ͷЩֽɶģ
Է֣ûֽôģ
˽ЦǸǼϴģҲûǮǽ֡
ǮǮҲԶġ
Ƕʲô
㿴ûЩõĽֽ벻ͬҲͬЩ÷ӵѺЩûҲûǮ޶עӮô뻻ǮҲԣŮҲԣˣ޶ȻҪߵġеԼ룬һУҲпóģ첲ȣĸƢҲա
ĹȻҲ˲Ʋ޶ծ󣬿ǱϾֱڽֽϱɳ룬ֽᳫĻĿŵ޶оֻ¾ǱˣҲѲͷۣһڱֽع⣬ֻ»ȺڣҲסѹĹҪΡ
ֵܣأֽϵĺʲô˼
¶һЦݣûǮûӣ޶Ѿˣھʣ¸ĸˣҲǣΪӵĳһɡ
˽ĿɿڴֻƤҪȥͲطɡ
СʣҸĸѾĹҲգȥʲô
Է࣬֫ܶҲܸЩģˮשٲɾȥҤ󳵣㶯ˣҲܵС
˽ܣʲôУ
Էˣôɶ
˽α΢ģģȫֵָ㿪۽أ
⣬ÿһʮ壬һչᣬ˵̨۵Ů˶ѹˣȫ|㣬ЩƤֲƺÿԸЩŮ˵УĵƤ⻬ǮǵãϧûǸʸ۲μӡˣ˵ֹŮˣͯҲǿڣЩҲϲɣŮҲôĥһͨ˾ˣһϧҼСöÿҪϴӦûܶζծ
˵Ȼ赭д̸Լʲôˣĵ˸óԣĵ˱ӵһëȻ
˽ʲʲôˣƽʱҲ̰С˺óÿõоںȻԼˣֱʥһĴڣýŵ׳̣޲ӳԶԶֻṳ̂㡣
ʱ˿̣˽ʶࡣ
ǸȻһûͷȴ첻µزµꡣ
˽ȻԹ²ۣԸʮ򽻵Ҳǰˡ
뼰ˣԼɢˡ
̧ͷĴӿˣǶͽﻹӰ

Խԣ±Ǻôˡ
ƽӹ̣ȴûе㡣
üҲףԺ⣿
ƣ㲻ϣ飬Ͳصżȥ࣬½йϵ
̻ҡ
֪£ֻͶ׷ȥ
Цʶ࣬Ҳ֪ǸĲݵӣ𰸣Ҳ̫š
ҲЦ
ðɣŲ㣬ʵʶǸ½£ɶӣԭҲҵ⡣
ƺȻʣ¹ͬ
ӱƼȦӣ䲻Էֱӣһ̿ںǺţ̲ס
Ϻ̲ԻȻҲҪŵģ¹ͬӦһ
Ҳֻ֡
֪Ĳˣ̫ܸɣչ̫죬¹֮ͬ˯ȻĳӣҲͲǴ׷ɱ
һ׷ɱɣӺ½Ͷ˼ƵȵȸҪص¹ʣ¹ͬԱﶷǶ£ȴȵֵ顣
Ʋ֪֮Щ飬ȴ֪ҹ뱻׷ɱǼ¡
Ǽ£Ӹ¹֮ͬ䣬;Բƽ˾
ý˹Ĩǰʾһŵˣֻ¹ͬˡ
Ҳ֪
ƲΪȻɫ̾˿
ûܣȷǲ֪ߣǵĹϵҶ𣿶ң֮Գٳû˺Ϊ͸ϵ۸ӣڵĵλҲұ֤Լһܰ⵹һֻŲȽü
ƳĬƬ̣½¸ʲôϵ
Ʋ
ȷؼ룬ҲܶԸ¹ͬԣ
֪¹ͬԳһһ⣬˿ڷѰĻӣֻ°зͨѳֶĳ̹ݣм䣬¥ԺͷȣЩҪôΪҪôΪ겻ա
ˣǰԴͷյȫ̶Щ޴ӡ
ЩˣȻҲڸֻȥģڱϾǹȥΪūʱˣЩƼݣƯδػ¹ͬԸϲչհвȵȷʽЩƯŮ˺ͯЩ߼˹Ŀ棬Щǿ׳ˣȻǱȥƫԶשҤ󳡸ɿ³ˡ
ȻҲųĳЩȨã¹ͬΪ˴ٳ⣬ЩΪµġС͸ԷԴﵽЧЩ˲⴫СҲ˱¹ͬ˴˻Ϊѱ
½£ĵ֣ЩϾù⣬ϲ̨棬¹ͬԼҪģֱֲմ֣˵ɶӣʵ˶ûм
˵գΧһĬ
üͷ˼ҲûдߴأɶԷЩϢ
һͲһ𣿡
ͣס̵Ķ俴Ŀͬӣϡ
治ɫ
Цʱ豻׵ˣǸʱⱲӾͲ⡣ȻǺˣҲΪԼǺˣ۸£һǲмġ
Ƶͷı֤̹ҲΪǵĺӸʤ㡣
ӹƣǶˣὲ˵½ѾʮˣȴͰ|꺢ͯ࣬˵һֲҲøˡȻ¹ͬԳȴڻ֪֮ͷͻᾪ¹ͬԣа¹ͬһ£ҽ㣬òҪҵͷȻñ˸ӣɹƼҲǽҪ¹ͬ϶㼱
ⲻǻ𣿡Цһ£οأ
ĿסȤ
Ըꡣ

߹Ӻܿ뿪ˡ
Ĺ⽫չΪ߼ͻӮ˼ѣͷȥԾϯ߹ӱԣߵʱǶȥˣѹûˡ

˽ԽԽˡ
ȺĴѰңҶҲ࣬ûرע⡣
òǱ˷ϳȥ˰ɣ
˽֪ĹݲѰĹݣѲδعãܻ鷳ͨ죬ѹں
ĿתһȦȻͣǰ治Զĳ
ְ֣
ׯߺȵû
ͽҲĺۣѹû⵽ׯҺʱһ˻ˡ
ƺע⵽˽ܵ񣬻һֻ۾գһ¡
˽ܣ
лҪ˵εΣϣΣ




140 
˽һžڵĲɤۡ
, Űһ|̽
ൽʲôʱҡһ, ӻ켣Ⱥͨˣׯң
ڹ, ĺɹ, ȴ쳣, ɼĸϰģǿ׼˲Űǣ
˽ܳ, ̲סΪǸ֪ںδԵĵùĬ롣
ҡӵĶޱ, ߺһٴ죬뱲ӶڶĹ˻Ƶ, Υ͸, ΧЩͽĪ˵ѾĵǳϾ, ˽ܿϸ۲죬ҲῴǸˡ
˽ˣܾǰ, ɱӷݱץʵʱ, ˾ͻ¸Լ, ˶ľߺͳʳ￪֣ƸˣŵʱΪԼҪԲ˶ˡ
ڻСǼѧԨԴ϶ǰĸĳɹ, Ҫ
Ҫô˵˿Ĺ򣬿϶Ҳǰ
˽ҡҡͷԼǲʵĺ˼붼׿
ԭиһֱӮǮĽֽһűţֱʮţ̾ΧߵԽԽ࣬ҲĹݵע⡣
˽Թֲּۣ֪ðǸˡ
Ĺݱ˵Ҫ׬Ǯ׬ñҵֵط¿ԣÿֹӮȥ˲ϼþգۣᱻϣ˵Ҫúܲҡ
ȻܿǿѾĹݴ󺺰Χǵ˸ϽԶ㣬±꼰㡣
ȴһҡͲһۡ
֣
ǿ˽ŽֽѺڴϡ
ѾѺûˡ
Ա߲˴ҲѺ˴
˲аѺС
йֵģ˲ҪѰ˼Ҹ˽ʵġ
̬

һߺȣͲ
˻Ȼ
С
ǿ˵ĺûˣŽֽߣ˽ܿԭҪֵĶĹݴ˻ԭأ䡣
ǰ䲻񫣬ҲСڣʱĹ֣ӮӮ٣ͬŽǮȶͷ׾ݵʱ򣬴ʱ˿̿һĻѩˮͷ£ʱ飬͸ƺͻȻ˶ĲıʣƤħ˺毺¶Ѫ⡣
޾Ὣ޾Ԩһʳɣֱ𶥡
ǸӮֿʼˣȻû˽־ҧҧעмӮһΣΣͷֱӰͷʣֽѺȥ
Χ
Ц˵ʱҡ
ǲǳǧˣٸһλᣬǷһвУһο϶ңҶ㣡
ԷԽ˵ԽҪֹץࡣ
ֻû֣˾ͱˣ漴Ҳϣû˳˵Ļᡣ
˽֪ܲ˻ᱻȥܹ鲻ʲô³˵ĹݿȻһûʲôֱӾȥשҤɵˡ
һ亹ð˽пĺ۵ԼֻǰûزҪж񫣬ԨеԼ
ܿ죬ûעЩˡ
˽ܷ౻˽ߣģӦǶĹڵˣԷ˵仰룬͸ˡ
Ǳ˷ˣ
е㵣ģۿ˳һ£Ѱ˼ҪҪҸطѾ첽
ûа˽ֻһ£ѾԶˡ
ԼǱԶˣ
˽סȻǷŭ
û뵽Ũü۵ģȻˣ
ȥһ
ָȥˣ
Ǳһ˵Ļ¸ԭ￪Ŀĵġ
ࣿ
˽ܲȻŭһﻹ߿գ
ԣô֪ԼиָģԼû˵©찡
ͷ˽һСӡ
Ҳе
ԷԳؽ룬֪Ͳ֪ؽ˭
Ӿ㲻ǶĹˣӦҲǹ֮ˡ
ŮŶȣϡ
Ϻĳӣ͸Ź˫޼׵֣ҲĪӨ󷢹⡣
е飬ʸոճڰСѶԷεûκ˷֣ԷڻԲأҲʱز״
ؽ㣬ң
Է֨ǵ֨಻ܲȿڡ
ôģأ
ؽ̧ͷϣ̴棬˫۾ǣɫò˲ٷ飬˶࿴۵
ÿɷƲ̽治֪
Ĳ;ˣСԶֶӣ޲ʱæֵġ
¶޺Цݡ
Цչ¶Ҳвϵƭ
ؽ㿴һۣƺԽ⡣
޲ֵͦȤĹݹأ׼˵ɻˣû㣿
Ц˵ˣֻͻʹ¡ǲãһͷӸˣҸϽͨ籨ŵģŸϻȥȻҶҪɢˡ
İǺ˵˵ĵľؽĴû˽⡣
ҲȫǶģΪĸĶڶĹﴦڱԵλãսʱߵ˽ܹˣԽмĶעԽֱԵֳ֮ªҲؽܿϵġ
ȻؽûжĻʣֻƲƲ졣
ǳȢСģȫµ˶˻ôţ
ࣺؽ˵ǣ
ؽ㣺ʲôǣ
ࣺҲ岻񻰣ֿεС꣬ɲǲŵСƤϲô
ؽ´һۣЦƤǻԣ˵
սһöָ
ؽٿƤɻʹã
ؽĿָϻ
ɫܲİɣ
Ц·Ըɾ軨׷ⲻǽ岻ϹôҲĻ϶ܷؽ󷢴ȱĹһأ͵ʲôҲûȻˣҪǿ˳ۣ˳ҲɻҲһٸԸ⣡
ؽһۣĿΣС̻ͦأһöָҴӦ£
ͷؽ㡣
Ҿ͵ΪټһСС󣿡
ؽָڵ¿ˮһߴӱǻ߳һ
ţ
ֻࣺҪÿնһۣҾˡ
ؽпԼĵӰͷ΢һëӵļϡ
ɻ
ͷôãҴжôá
ؽţ˸˵ĻҲţҪҲѣ̿ҿģֻҪ˵仰ͷˣͷҲͷųɡ
һɸˣҰĶ£
ؽˣ
˵ŻۿмƾҪЧͷȻ
δؽ㿪ڣԷѾŽˡ
ؽãҪѵ⣬ȴȻסæһЦ
½ү
½£滹ŮӶν㡣
ʶġ
һͰвʱѾˣԷתҲ
˶Ȼɫ
ô
½·Ӧ죬˵ʹӶǹ׼°
лҪ˵εΣðˣˣϸ£~~
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141 
ʵ֤, ½Ǹĺ
жѾԶԶԽ濴ȥ͡
ְҵɱ, ҲķӦڿ˲, ǹɱ˵ľٶ
ֻҪ΢һ, öʱ˼ԼӦηӦ, ҪѪʬˡ
½û뵽, ڿĵһ, ȻҲ룬קؽ㡣
ؽ޷, ֱӾľżһǰ
½¿Ҫ°, Ѿȥ, ״ɴʧɫһַֻɿ콫ԼǹֻĿ
飡
ӵؽĸ첲ǽڡ
ԲһеķδӦ
ȻղЦ, ȴίʵ᲻ͬġ
ؽ, ˽±ȻҲ, ƹһĹݣѪгˣûһ޹ġ
û½һؽ㲻˺ȻҲɱˣǧһ֮, ԥͽؽ㵱ƣ½¼ֲɼԷ˼־׼ء
ؽ½鷳ɾʹˡ
νۿһĻɽһ
½ɫ䣬һǹûУжͣƬ̣ڶǹİô۲ȥ
Ҳ϶ƿؽ㣬һ
½ܲܿڶǹʶڳȥӣ
Ѿؽ˹
ֱһ߿ν㣬͵ش˸ץסȥؽ½£
½ֻһѾס˱˵ץס˵ڻιС˵ƣ½ϵǹȻȻ˳Ʊߣ̫Ѩϡ
ٶҾɱ
в
Ȳ׺ݣҲȴɹν㽩һʯˡ
֪Լץˡ
¿½¸νһʱ򣬺ν㴦ڳͷԵʣɴʵ½²﷢ʩǸ
ǵˣ໹ӽõһѶϢ
صż½ĸɶӡ
仰ζЩ˵ĺ壬Ҳ˵½µĵλ
벻νļ֮ѸʱԱڻҡ
ץң
½ˡ
⼸⣬ߵĶţû˸ΪòƲ
СһĶǹָ̫ѨҪ½±衣
ſң
ЦСѣڶǵϵˣͱ˵ЩûĻȻҲǹ߻˭ģؽ㣬ͷ¶Ҫȥһǰɰɣ
½ȻɱĺԼСȴǰϧԹ治ˡ
ؽ˶̱ڵվɲ࣬ƺ޷ǰ̸ЦɱϵǸոոֶ
ǹߵˣͽǮûһɢĹݵĴҲ˲ȥץǣȻҪ
½¼£סǣ
ؽϽӵȥţſڳǺ
ؽ㣡
ؽ㣡
ͷ˷
΢΢ü˵ؽﻹһӦ
ؽҲ˲ǱſϢȡ
Ƕȥûҵ˭Ҳ
ؽ㣿
սս̽ͷȴؽͦסһͷϡ
ûʲô£ղŲǹ߻ˣ½үӲ죬飬ȫҳȥȥ
һʹû˸ٺ棬ɢˡ
ؽϽ¹ŷѡ
ЮңԼҲܲ˵ģ
½侲ڼԷ˺Լʼźݻ
Цʱûɱ㣬½СѣϾ㻹ãǶҾͲһôˣҲ֪Ҫ
½£㵽ʲô
ࣺ̫̫ôˣ
½£ţ
ࣺ²£⣬һˣ˭𣿡
½Цһ˵Ǳˣ
ࣺԭ¹ͬԡ
½һ
һͲԼѾ׳ˡ
ЦЦȻ¹ͬԡ
½´ʱȫɱģûɱ࣬ɫǺ죬쳣
νʱ֪֣״ɵ
󣬿½µı飬㿴Ҳ¡
Ĺҵĵط˺Ͷ˷ܵиȥ˿ǱȥˣǶȻȥֱ̻ģҲֵ¹ȥϾһС˼һֵģֻȥǵ̻ĵطۣȨˣˣҹȥҾͷ㣬ôܻɣ
½ѹͲŶԷĿô򵥣鲻ʧΪһûᣬһתؽʹ˸ɫʱ⡣
ĵط|ɽᣬٹһСʱÿϯǿԴȥ
лҪ˵е£ûüߣͻϣ˫~~




142 
¹ͬӦȫϺ̲ȨƵˡ
ô˵
֪˲, ҵ, ʳסУһ, ӶĹݵ, ٵӰԺư, ϺеóõҵҲĲιɡʲôҲ, ڼ, ɣÿ춼˫ŷ
ȷ
˼, Ҳÿ֡Ȩ, ϥ, ¹ͬȻûȨһĶֵϣҲǸڱŪƵʵˡˣ˻, Ӧñ󡣡
ǲһ, ЩС, Щ˵׸뵱ʵۣġ
仰ЦЦ
¹ͬҪֵԭ򣿽߹룬ء֪̫ˣ벻ãù, ֵġҪϰһʪܣˮ׳Ѿвĺ󱳡
̾ʱЩĻ˴򽻵ú˵һ²УǵϸֻƵͷͣûġ
ûӻϵ̣ڵȽӿڡ
¶ĶԸ¹ͬԲһ׵¡
Ӳִܲ⡣
鰸˳ϲ鵽ĻȥӦҲ¹ͬԵ顣
ˣͷ·߲ɣֱֻǰ˵ͬʱ˳ɽֻϻ򵹣һݣ޺󻼡
ڽ˵ͬˡ
¹ͬĲͣ˽֡͡Ѿ˲ݵĵز
¹ͬɱ׷ɱһ˾Ҳûлء
֮ݷҲΪɵ¹ͬԵʵ
߲ɣ׷ҧ
ûгֵ׼Ӿ׳֡
ǸͻĻᡣ
û뵽ƻֱżɽҪ
ƽɱϣ˿ȴеҡڲ
ϾԵĶ¹ͬԡ
˼ûдߴ١
ʱһһιȥ
ӦƣɵȥԼҲ⣬ɽۻ
ԼҲԸ¹ͬԵûᡣ
˽ҹܾͲˡ
ʧܣһ죬Ҳ¹ͬԣʱҲǹ¾սˡ
˵λܴ¹ͬһֲ
㷽˵˵ĺôҲԸ
Щ¹ͬԿƺ绽꣬ʵҲ˲ˡ
¹ͬԶԸӵַܿˣֵͬˣοˣ
Ƶǰһ˽Ļﵽͷ¹ͬԸ˺ģ˵ˣǢĪ˹ˣ˸˸¹ͬԽӣ¹ͬԾͷˣˣǱȻϣ¹ͬŶ꾭Ӫ̸ɹ|ķˣҲˡ
ü֪£Щ˵¹ͬԴӮˣüúܸߣ¹ͬԼ쵱ˡ
Ƶ֮ǰȥҹʷ˹繤ֶ»ˣǵ˼ǣס¹ͬԣǿ԰ֵ顣
ʲô
¹ͬԴһˣδѹסЩȺ׵ţ˳棬ͻð࣬Ҳڻҵʲôز
˵ˣߵģֻ˵úЩˣԼҲ̲ôıƱҪ˺˲ʧΪһѡ
أ·ߣܵõʲôʡ
֪ҵͺܴҲ֪Ƶ覣ӲЩԹ滮֣˵ڰ
ѾһֻŲȽȥˣǳ׽£ǲȫˡ
ƿ⣬ƺ̽
ֻܹΰƽ¹ͬԺˣº棬һֶҪֻҪƽ¡
Ŀ΢൹ĵúܡ
Ե
Լ࣬ԡ
۾¶ߣҲϰԷһ¡
˿۾һ˹ģ˵ңû˷ģ
ʱ䲻ˣǵΣ
ӳĬƬ̡
¹ͬȫϺߴϾһһ֪ûϺÿ϶ʱ⣬ѡһլӹҹΪľǲ˲µ١
¹ͬҲ֪Լ˶࣬Լأ˵߱ڻƣԼҲҹ½ʲôʱһʮ˸ɱֱĳǹһ𣬾ǽƤҲδصֵס
ӼȻ˵һԸ¹ͬԣͻ㾡ȫ
ҪôҪô
źϼңֻдӱӹ¹ͬ£Сӷǽӵĺȴֻٻ㣬¹ͬҲ֪һ㣬вңϣܸԼĽӰˣߴլסѾˣҪ̥¹ͬչӣԼٹȥ³ѭٶȥĸӡ
ЦЦ
ҲֵǽС˰ɣ
Ҳ̲סЦˡ
ȷʵ׿ʣµ崦լӣҶַ֪Ҳ֪ҹ
¹ͬЩӵĵַһд˵¹ݣǱܵġ
֪֮ȻԸ¹ͬԣһȫ׼ˡ
ʣǸʲôˣ
ӣɣƶʡϺܽȹΣһβûʱظң°뱲ӲԼ¶ٽɽҵһ롣
ƣʱˡ
ӣˡҸΪ˲ǹָ˲ͷȴʼ¼ңϺҺֵܣ׷ɱң󲻿ƿأ⡣
ƣʲô𣿡
ӣͱǸѣֵ׬Ǯ֮һԼţˡŪһ|ɽӣֻԼϤǮӸÿһΣͷ棬Ҳ˱ݺ
΢΢üū
¶Щ˱ﲻһΪ̫Ҳˣȥ棬˷ֶĺͳģʵϾ⣬˻ܻȥ¹ͬԻһЩļǮһá½ʵƹˣΪ볣˲ͬԶ¹ͬĹҲᱳ
˵˴Ȼ
˽̸жϡ
˭
磬ң˵˽ܡ
һֱͷ¡
ӿƣߵͷ

˽ͷ󺹣Ƶһ仰ǡ
ˣ
ڿ֮סӵѼӣȻֹ
Ƶ˵
˽ܶ˶񣬰ô׷½ˣĹݣְɺɹ٣Ю½µ˵һ顣
ͷûҽȥͿţǣЮ½ˣǰʹ˸ɫӦͨ籨ŸϽģȥݣ˵ߣҲš
һ˵໰е㴭Ϣ
Ҳûüȥ֪ȥĶ⡢ô죿
üͷ
Ҳе㼱ˡ
Ю½£ض뻢ѨƾһˣôмǣҲױƣʱнԣּܽйֱ
ԷĿǰѣȴԼˡ
»ż򽭺ӡ
ǻȥ
˼Ƭ̣ɽᡣһصҲ֪ڡ
Ȼסʲô
ǵطǸ˹ݣ˲Զþ¹ͬԵһլӣ
ƣô˵õϢ֮ȥ
ӣпܣⲻң½ĵɽҪ֣϶Σա
ƿЦҶ˽⣬϶µĶִ󡣡
ԽԽң׳
˼
ҲǲûгɹĻᡣ

½ֱ֣ǳͨ衣
ؽưֲ˸ţóǵؽ˵ġ³ɲ˹ݡ
˹ڱصرΪ۸ƫ󣬲ϰʱЪҵϢż·ط絹գȴû뵽󶫼ҾȻ¹ͬԡ
ѹֱ񶼻أҲͼ׬Ǯ
һֱǹְô𣿡½ʵ
ʱѾȫǸСˣǰȻ޴棬ȡ֮ȫĳΣȻҲͲϷ
ҲŰھҵıؽǱ߿϶ܿ׷û㣬ҿ϶С
½û뵽µȻһɵĵȫûдͷԾ
ȥվ뿪ϺҲܱסһСȥ˴ɽᣬҲˡ½֪³𣿡
ࣺǱŰñӳȥ𣿡
½һô֪
ƤЦ֪飬Ȼ֪ˡ㲻ΪʲôͶҴǶĹݣЮ㵱ʣ鴫¹𣿻Ǿ²ͷҸͷˣĸɵӣ¹ֵܣӶɱ𣿵ʱ˵¹ıףһ˾ͰҸأ
½ɫõγˮ
Ȼһں˵˵һ˵ˣֳ¹½¿϶ûкùӳԡ
̵浽λļ
ʵұΪ˾̫̫һŮأ˰ɽᣬȥϾĻƱҴҹ뿪ϺһֽˣһַˣǽԴϲ𣿡
½£
ô̫̫ˣ
½´ŭ㶮ƨ¹Ľܳ谮Լ¹ǹ˺ŵģָҳ棬ЩҲ飬žܷŵģ
ˣϼʣֱȰ£֪̫ˡ
½ºŭִˣؽν϶ᱨ¹ʱ˵ˣԼҲܲһҶҪڷңż뿪Ϻ˵һ
̾˿ҷҲҲиʰȫ㣬˳ǰ棬ⴺɽᵽʲôҾ;ú档
½Цûһ仰ÿ졣
Ц㻵ûôҲɣ
ۿ࣬½ֻбķݡ
Ȼ˵ˡ
ưͣ½Ųǵ˵³ɲ˹ſڡ
ҹſ壬ҲûУ˹ݵҲš
½˳ǰһߣžͿˡ
ʱ½±껹Ҫʪ
ˣ̤𣬲뿪뿪ġ
лҪ˵Ϊ˰Ѱдһ㣬һ٣ˣôô~
ǰ100ͺ~




143 
½µľ, ึ֮һЦ
£
Ԭݵ²ֿҲ¹, װֱĳҲ¹ڶ
־˵
¾Ͳ
ǲܵġ
ĲûΪ½µĻƬ͡
С, Ҫǵ, ֪Ӧôɣ㵱Ҵҵ, Ҿ͵㣬һһ, Ҳ
½˴
, ǹ
Ҳ᲻øԷᡣ
־һҲÿ˵ıܡ
½µĽյ, ȱ, һ, ԵʻᣬŸ¹ٻ󣬼ΣգҲղܡ
ò, Ը
ڲ˹ǰͷһ·, 㹻
ȵָ, ȣһСǰʱͷӦţѯ࿪ڣ½¾Ѿ
Ҵѹ档
ʾԼóһСơ
һ롣

˼ϵĺ, ʱڡ
һŵǰͷ·
౧½£ǹ·£ȥ޺Է벻˵Ĺϵ
Сţ͵˲˹ݺԺ
˴ǱѰԺҪ࣬ĴŵÿʮҾվһˣǰͷīڣ˲
½¾Щʶ⣬ţ˵ҲΪ棬Ӷغһ½ү
Ҳ½¾Լһһ˵ϣǳԽ˵Ȩ
ƽЩ߸ϵĴ˽мùȺҲҪǰ¶ţ½ƿصĿС
ΪʲôĺǷ
Ƭ̵룬ٶȻصʵס
˲ΪԼĴգȻѯ⡣
½°ЦƲ
Ҳǿġ
Ƕ̬ƣӦĵλɡǶţôһž¹ͬԣ԰ɣ㲻ûشңıѾҴˡ
죡½޿̡
Ȱ㲻Ҫôѣ˳˽£ҸղѾ˵ˣˣ϶ҲҪһ汳ģһνǺòײλãҪǸͬھÿϧô綨úҹҳʶ˵һתͷͰˣ¹Ҫʶңǻͷͬأ
ͬĴͷţĴΰɣ
½ĬĬ̲ס鴤һ¡
Ļ
ĵ̣ΧˣԼɲؽţȨһ´ǰԸˣֻʱ򿴵úϲ£죬ҡױʱ
뼰ˣ½µԹҲԻ⣬¶һ˿Ц
ȥ֮˵˵ȥ£Ŀ˶кƺ͹̶λõģ
УڨӻɽӻҲعܣÿԷѯʱ˴ݡ
ЩѵĴٹˣȻҲ֪Լǵ㰮ðڲ̨棬ĵˣ£Ĵȥ棬رһ㣬ҲṩһӦߣˣҲǺޱƮ֮ˣΪ޵޴ӣֻ|ĥ
˵ɽħߣҲΪ
½´мͨϯ
ͨԶ磬Ե״ǰУһεпܽλˣֲÿһϯĿ˿ˡ
ϡ˵ȴ޷壬Ϊ˷˽۵һ𣬱ԵӶҡ
˰ǵλӣмһӣ½£ԼԱߣһһӲ㱻ˡ
½£
ЦУǼҪӣǹ㣬ۡ
ôôҪˣ½룬㻹ۣҸۺ
Ѿ൱ˣסĳ嶯ڶԷּһʡ

Сϵ
࣬
Χذ
ԭķļյȻˣȡ֮յظ̨ӵĹ⡣
෢ﲻ֪ʱſһŮˡ
ȷе˵һŮˣſһڴֲڵʯͷϡ
ԱӰվŸ׳󺺣ϸû⡣
ֻ󺺾Ƥޣ᲻Ů˰ıϣŮ΢߲ʪסİʶ̧¶毺°
켣賡ȻҲٰ£ǰŮ˺ԣǱҩķӦ
Ůӣͱƭܵķʽ°˴Ӵ˰գҲûؼһ죬ñҪôӲд˲˹ҪôܲĥɱҪôɴͶԨħ裬ͬۡ
仹ſϷЦݣȴһҲûֹͣ½µķ;衣
Լǰһеķŭ
֪ҲͰˣȻ֪ˣúһͲˡ
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Ĵͷ, ѿЦģǼģǹԼϣ½һţѶŭȥ
ǣԷϽ˳ȥ
ЦôʲôأֵطһǧûУٴһеģǿ, 㲻Ǯ׬ɣ
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˲Ƿˣɵˡ
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½޿̣㵽˵ʲô
Ц˵ϴң˵׼ҾûҪЮˣҵˣϣĵ̣Ҳδѵҵġ
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145 
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Ϊϻغװ˵Լ¹ͬ׷δʱ, ˺ģѯ¹ͬԵģ, װһŸ¹ͬԵĺӰ, óơʱλ¹Ȼ¶, ԴǣƬסյͷ, ¹ͬҲûϵ, ƬȷΪװһźӰ
صǰ½Ա߹ȥͬʱ, ¹ͬߵҲ׷ͳǹ
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ԴӺܶǰܹǹ֮, Щη䡣
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ҹеƺƲʹ죬Ȼ飬ܴɢϢо
Ҳѹ֣ҹģȻӵϢҪȥˣǳҪˣһ;Ȳϣ˶᲻ʹ졣
ΪӦôһЩԷһƳˣɿϿһڡ
˰ȥ㴦á
ֻԼ˿ڣһ
лҪ˵ڸһ䣬ƺл~~
Ѽ




147 
¹ͬԼ
ͨ, ͨ, ͨ
Ĥ룬̫Ѩʹ
δǱľء
, ʮ
һеԴͷ, ʼڽӡ
, ӵȻѸ٣ҲӲ, ̫, ˵ߣҲŵԽ¹ͬȥҽ, ͬǳ, Ȣŵڸߵĸǧ, ʱտҲи¹ͬһµʵ
ԣڴ֮ǰ¹ͬû̫ѶԷ¡
¹ͬû뵽һ쾹֮졣
, ˼
ͷ˿ڻʹ
Ǹոձȥ, ҶûС
, Ҳе㷢
Ѿãкڲ㣬粻ǵǿ׳ʱ
żö񵯴˽һֲ»һ·ͷ
С겴¹ͬԼ·֮һ
ǵ򲻵ѣᶯá
˿, ƺ͵򲻵ѵʱˡ
ϴɣˣ
ͷ󺹣˲Զһڸӵǹսֻӽҹбѹƣ綼
¹ͬԵĳֻΪвʡ
ŲҹɫڻѸ뿪С
ǹϣ¹ͬԲȥҲ֪սжҡ
ֻЩϤĲˣ󲿷ֶҪڽҹˡ
֪ӻᷢѣһΪǿ
û
СڽҡҡλΣҺôȽϿһ͵ˮ
涫һӦȫ¹ͬԳõĲ̳ƷĲߡ
ڴͷˡ
ĸ¸ǰҲϴ
ڿ𣿡սս
⻹𣬸Ͻ
¹ͬԸоЩԾ
ָоĽʱͻأðͷĲȴԽԽء
ȵȣ¹ͬԺȻ
ֻҶ˵ͻȻˮ༸֮ʧˮˣ
´ʧɫҪ׷ȴü
һ¸Ͻȥýӻʹ̵׷׷֮ǰѴһξ롣
¹ү׷ˣǿһһ˿ڴ¹ͬԣһ̽ǹ˰ϵ׷
ֵǣӾȻû˿ǹ
ã
¹ͬԿһ£ͷ
ڴȻҲͿϽӻ̧֣ǹ׼ǵĴһ
飬飬飬飬顣
ǹ

Ȼأ
ԺԼôԡϴ裬ôԡ˯ţƽϴͷǿһɿڵС
ٿָԭ
Լһͷ̣ңҲƵĴֱ˯췭ظ
Ͱ͸֧ʲô绨ѩ£õ֮˵
û룬ҹˡ
Ϊƶ˽һ档
㻹ôᡣϽһ롣
ⲻһͨ档
ǺͼͷСʱ֮Ҩͷ棬ñļ⸲ʢõϣζζ
ƽؽǵƣȻڷ棬˵ãо˷ָģƾżʳĿ֮˾һ롣
һ뱻湴ˣһ뻹
Ȼ˳ĺչ
ȻǺҲֳ㹻ĳ⣬Ǳ֮󣬻˹֪ƽͿʾԵŰݷãơ
ԣ¹ͬˣ
ջǷֵ˰档
һ߳һջһ䡣
ϹܼģҲ࣬˵ҹĲܶԡ
Ҷǹܹģȥ˵顣
ˡ
װףŪ٣ѿǵء
Ͳ鵽¹ͬҴڣȴֻ̲ǰøֶմң˸ƳԼߡ
ҲҪҸʲôֻҪڴը|ҩ¹ͬϴԼˮһˡ
ӿǹֱӾ˴ϵը|ҩ¹ͬͬըʬ޴档
º϶ҪģӾʲô©֮㣬ʬȻĿȫǣҲϵþ¹ͬԣΪֵܺ͵֣ӿȷʵԡ
һۣƼʻƶ𣬾Ȼʧǡ
¹ͬԼЩ£ҲɢҪôӵ˴סҪôѲץߣνؽ½Щˣһ䣬ȫ
Ȼ֪ͷ潻˫ӮӸ㻥Ϸ¹ͬµŲͶֻһС֣ҲǳǵԸܿ˶񱨣ԼҲһѣ໹Ǿֺˬġ
̫̫أ
ȥҳˣװԲŻᱻ¹ͬԿϣȴΪ¹ͬԾвϳ䵱Щ˿н飬ԸֶչջթƭҸŮ½|תɽһƽ̨
ȥҹɢζ
½м棬αĸӣԴ˽ܺ˵ķŵ֣ԭλǲԳɻģ˼ŤҲΪԲˬ⣬ԼǸһеӡ
ÿΪ£ľͻǴ𣬼ܲˣȴţòǵвȼΪżȻĳ֣ȴΪһ˿ϣ
лҪ˵εΣϣĩ죬
ǰ100ͺ~~




148 
½µļȱ, Ҳ, Ů׶һİ裬ȴ½·ķ, һ, ƭ˲
ЩŮӴò毺, ڼų谮Ҳƭϵ, Ů, Щշת糾СƶܿĹǸ˷
ئ֮Իʶ½, Ϊ½ڽӽһСˣŮ, ŮǸѧѧ, ѧ˸ˣС½ۿôõġƷǰȻŹ, û뵽СͻȻ, ׷ҧ, ½Ůǰֲ¶ײһ棬ֻʱ¶Էһ·׷ü⣬°ؼҵئ
ئΪǸѰСΪΧҪ۸С, ½ֲĺͯЩֻǿئ¹ڳ̽䣬ͷئȻְλȻߣԺȴδûл򽻵
ģ⽻ãװаСкئûкӣҲû뵽½ǴߵĶħһȥЩ꽻˼
ԵʻᣬΪ½µġĸסҲͼئ
ⱾҲʲôϴûϣئһССԱϣҲΪئܾԼżȻ֮£ئࡣ
һڽңΪġ
ΨһıְǸƻԻȣҵƫÿнˮԭھֻ࣬ңһ쵽ܵĵܵԺҲϱҡ
ئһ
֪ݣȻ鰸ֻļְӶ֤ڲ鰸Ϻ츳ʱδزܴһã߾СӣΪ
Ҳ֣ԬѪƻ֮Ϻֽ̲౨κŶԹвܹΨعˣȻš
һ˳¡
֣ĻԻսħߵͷܱ¶ֻܼ̽ȷƷУŸȵֽţ½ºνĻɣϱҩ˯αģ׷鵽ס
;ڱ˵ڳͷܣҲɥȪˡ
вˣǱ½Űģ˵ȳʱѾˣڻҽԺͷȥ
ƵĻͷ
أ
Ƶˡ
һ£˯ʱ߲١
ôͣˣ
Ƶϸ²ģǲҲд˵ŭ¹ͬԱʧִӦû֪Ѷ
þȳȥȴû뵽ԷѾڻ֮ǰˡ
Щ꣬һʱ֪˵ʲôźãһ
ǴɽŮӡ
ЩŮȻˡ
Ҳȫȡ
Щûụ̈кãǼᣬ֪ͨ죬һԲЩħ߾꣬תֶΣ޴ˣ񶼳ֲļЩ˲ֵġ
ѲͽӶǿõģ϶ǣѾʩǱΪһģ󲿷ŮӶ޷ٻصȥˣҪ֪ǵδؾͿǣҲ˲Ը̸סַϽ
ҴһҹǧͷӺæʰ¹ͬȨգ˭Ҳ˲ȥЩˣֻǡ
Ƶʶһ̻Ůͷʣʱ٣һݻҲá
ⲻҲ˱ˡ
һЩҲŮԼԸԸȥɻǾ͸ˣܲ°뱲ӶԱͷҲĵˣӦòȥѰ̼ɣ
˵ԼҲȷ
ϾĿУǿңΪئһ紵ݶɹ֮ҲûпǹѡɻһЩ⽨ͷ˵ЩܴݲеŮˡ
Ƶûĸп
·Ѿָˣ߲ҪԼǲǷҲûá
ЩˣںڰдˣͶԺڰǣŶԷָǰǹҲţԸ߳
˵ˣʱӿɼЩŮӸҵҲڣʱûгһǣֻԼƴʹ˳ӾնһѪ·
ƾԼһ˾Ҫͬܣֻͻʹˡ
಻һԼҲǴǹֵ꣬һ߳ˣȴƫƫ棬ˣϵɵжȴһ㲻Ҫˣ뾡ҲҪԷ
һ߲ͬԷһȴ޿ɾҩں汻æһ嶯£һȴ̲סΪ
࣬ҲͲˡ
ֽ֮ͷһɣ˯ˣ˵ʲôҲȥԴһһ㣬ۿҪϵȥ
šסûô
㲻˵ƾҴ𣿹ǳ컨׹졣
ֻϱҧһڣζʶ̲סԺʣ컹Լɣ
棿
ȲԼǲҪ԰ɣ
üǺǺЦҲʱѯʶԷֱӰͰ˸ˡ
˶ԣעǸƽ֮ҹ
ˡ
ˡ
ˡ
лҪ˵ãĵεδѾˡ
Σǰ100ͺѼ~




149 
Ϲܼһ˸硣
, λ, ٸЩϸ罫һ, Ҳҵ֮һ, ʹԼвס, ֻԾӣܱ˵ķ, ÿæ, ׼͡
һݣġ
Ҳ, żҲ, ȻԶ䷹, 
Ϲܼ˵ҹ˼£ͱһĿش¹ͬйأǣڰ, ƺ˺ϾǱߵĸ߹پ, ۸, ˰ҲûҲͲȥˣֻҪרľӪüúǻʱյţȣи˵š
Ʊû, ͷ£žӼҵУۿɼ鲻
ϹܼһһЦӦ˳
үһжðɣ
֪֮⣬費Ҫҳ棬ͷϹܼҰġ
ãǵ飬ֻ÷һˣһѣ˳׮˾¹ͬѾˣԺ޹ء
˸߰˰ˣϹܼҲûʣͼ߷꣬ٴıҲ¶־ȵķӦֻԿүǸӢµˡ
ϰϹܼҶϲοʱԼ˼˵ڵĻɱ˵ҲˬУϲĵȴܻϣϹܼҶ伸Ρ
Ҫ˯ģһݸС
һͱ˳ڵ
˵⻰Ϲܼҵү
ŻͷȻ¥£˯죬Ļ
üô˯
ࣺ
Է˵ãһ˵;ͷɢ˼Ƶġ
ʹĲˬ޷ڿڣֻܱŶѵŵŭհûҹԼôһʱɫв̤
ٶһʲôɫԣֻϼ޻սթ˹İ࣬˵ҹǸ˹ơ
Ŷԣ˵ǱƹƣѱԵʻѧһ֡
Ųߣ£ྭһô
˿ǲ󿴵óŤֻΪȻתԣ˹ŵķ緶ˡ
ԭƤĺһӰϹܼҵЩϰߡ
үͱ
͡ߣȻı⣬ǶɣҽԵ嵭ġ
ϹܼЦ嵭ҲУ棬߶𣬽һݣȥʢ
ãǾ鷳ˡ
ϹܼҶмӣԼֶҲȻȻ
ϵ˽ë
ƺȻ
Խֱ쵽ǰ໹ûüӦ֮ǰָڼһΡ
ʶץס֣öԷֶš
ᱡҡ
ľȻȸ״
˸һǻ˵ϲϹܼҳ֮Ϥ¶ӣ߻Ϊʳ
棬߲ܣյȫա
ԵϹܼҶе㵣ˡ
̫ˣôԷģ
ͷҲ̧جˡ
Ϲܼң
ࣺμԼһֻ|׷ᣬݺҧ˿ڡ
ƣ
ࣺͶˡ
ϹܼǶԵ㣬һμõģʵк£ϡ
ֻࣺ|ɳˡ
ϹܼңҪһ࣬а
ƣ
ۿò׼ϰ࣬¿룬٣岻ʣ٣
Ƿʮû
ƾȻҲȻһͷ
ڼҺúϢ
ࣺؼҡ
ƣȥ
ֲࣺؼˣȥӰ
ƣȥӰԺſڣиҪûȥˡ
ԼôСƵƢ
ʶһ㣬Ȼˣſһ겻񣬻ӻִ򷢲ӬƵġ
ȥɣعˡ
üû
һɡ
ƣȻ⼤飬ȴûڲκκۼºϸϸɾʱҲͶ룬ץüӣȴеԸĨ֮ʼҪεˣ³صƣҲû֤᲻ɳʲôƨ˵顣
Ҫ˺Ȼڲϳȶʵˣ
Ҳûʲôӡ
ֻѧЩƤôֻѧѧŮǣһ޶ϵˡ
ƷԼ꣬һѧʣȴȫ޷ӣ·ֻصǸֻվ͵ꡣ
Ƹϳţû֮󣬾µˡ
˽ܹݷã˵Ǳһ棬ûȤ½¡
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150 
½¸¹ͬҲܾ, ʱȻȲϽ, 㹻ġ
¹ͬԲٳַ˿Ŷ, ȻһȽҪ֪, ¹ͬԸʵѾַ, ܶ¹ͬԲܾ֣֮Ҳ, ½ȴ֪
˵, ¹ͬһͳܵΨһ֪ˡ
һ, ȻǸȤ, ȻҲ֪֪̫, ø죬ʱװɵܻøá
ܾ˽ܣЩŮӵİãҿ԰æ, ½´, ɽȫȨƹܰ, Ҳ棬Ҳñ档
˽ӽòʧΪһ;ûûˣҲױǹӶ
ѣǴں, ϲ̰ͼСˣȴǸˡ
˽ܺٺһЦģҵСúܣҲ̫ҲңҹǸһ°йأæ
ࣺûϵģ
˽ܣûϵҲеϵ𣿡
ࣺС㣿ǰøոյǱ飬ѳķ飿
˽ܣԶԣʧˣ˻ңûСʧǰ˿³ϲ˹ݣڻ½Ҳйϵ
³ϲ˹ݾǴɽĵص㣬ոȥֹһأͷһٹưӵѾˡ
½¾ģרԼ׵Ů֣С㲻ħ߱ץȥҲпܵġ
Ҫתע岻Ӱһ飬ԾʹӦ
Ҹȥ
½»Ѳ
һĻνؽ㣬߹
˶ǷֿѶģԷ
ʱ򣬽ҲѲġ
ζлˡ
ȴк
ǷһΣʲô¿Ժҡ
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üִ֪ܴķâ¶ŵɵƤȴ˭¹ͬһӾҪ˷ֱ棬ʵҲһǿѾȡ¹֮ͬƣʱܵôһ飬㲻ƮƮȻҲܾѵÿ¡
Ҫƽȵˡ
뷹Ӧõģһٲ١
ࣺãֻҪڵ³ϲ˹ݣĶɣ
ӹһЦ
ôţȥԷȥ½£
ڶӶǵģôܳԵ£
ȥ½¡
ζҪ׼
Сʱ֪˵ġ׼ʲô˼
½·ˡ
һܲ˼顣
භǶ£һ·һǹǹǴϣûԴϡ
ڣֳһɵЦſˮҲɵӣǸϼ޻СĴ½£
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˵Ťͷʽӣ׼ɱڲ
ӣ
ͷһôֱ׵ģӳĬ룬ſڻش
׼ƽеģ޲ȻҲӿ뱣סһС
µӰڶӣʧ߶ΪҸŮټͥǱ˰ģ¹ͬҲûҪҴţЩѾ½½ع⣬½ΪͷŰ״֣϶øǹлҵ³
ӵĻû½¶ݡ
˵ʱҲ۽ϸ۲½µ仯
ν仯
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ɵһ
ϻѪǹµģѲѾˣʧѪ
СС˿ڣҲˡ
࿴ϵɴײԴˣ
еΣԼײġ
ʵձץʱ½»֮£ڱ潻˲ٶ
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½˵¹ͬµֳ¹ͬɩɩɫֶҲŮ࣬ƯҪ°ɩֶΪٻ󣬻ˣɩֶʹ˳¹ͬԵ
ⲻһ׮ĳţ¹ͬԱڳϣҲܷ
˵Ǹʶ¥壬˵ȷǶ¹ͬĹһֱҲ뿪һֱСϱǹ֮һ¥壬Ҵû˵иòɩӺֶ
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ɵװɵдȶ
ࣺ¥ֳ𣿡
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ࣺ˭ַСʧǰȥ³ϲ˹ݵģ
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ࣺ½ô˵
ӣһʼ˽Ƕɩֶ֮⣬˵¹ͬԸϾһ߹ٹᣬԷΪ䵱ɡ飬ֽС
ס
̧֣Ͻֹ˵
˵˲ܰ
ӣ˲˽½ˣҲʲôˣղ˶֪Ҳɱڵģġ
ࣺ˵ɡ
˵һ֡
Ĭˡ
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½ʲôϵ
ӵ½ϹСʱȴʼװɵһ˵ԼʶʲôС㣬һ˵СˣǱ¹ͬģһ˵ԼСĹ꣬ŵĴܣԴȥײǽȻͷøˡ
ѵСʲô˵õĹ£¹ͬǸ̨Ҫˣ
̫ܰɣ¹ͬԶˣ½»ʲôҪܣ
˼Ҳ벻ͨҡҡͷ
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ࣺ
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ôһ˵Ǹ
У죬ֽܻɷ㣬Ҫ׼
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151 
¹ͬԵ, 𽥸ˮ档
ϣһӰ¹ͬԴ, ó׽Ҳϣ³׶, ҹζ, ˫һļ, ֵ÷зЩڰ鲻Ϊ֪, ʾ¹ͬ״, ʹ¹˿ڵ飬Ӳ¶, ܵиưĹ, ȻȻϡ
Ӿ˵ĽǶ˵, Ҳȷҿǡ
㣬ûôŮӻȣҲؼգ̫̫, ضܾĥ, ˵ʩ, ˺ҲùΪܹУ㲻غߡΪʲôôң
˵ȥˣĿ⣬̲סԼ
ûκӣ
ࣺЩ˭㱳ģ
ӣôԣʦү̵ġ
ʵʵ˵ԽӲһ۾ͿԼǵġ
Ӵ»رһ㡣
ࣺ
װɵ㶡
ԸƤ, ֻ֮ì֮ܡ
ЦƣƵ̨ǰͷԼȴںУŲɷã˵ûκκô˰ɣʲôɷãЩ˳ͺˣӢôĺôǵģǷҸɡ
ӳǣ¾ͰˣˣҪ¹ͬᲢۡ棬ҾͰˣͷĴûᣬԺúÿһ£¹ͬɢЩæĶжĹˣɷġ
ࣺͷӺ˵𣿡
ӲæȰ̺еݸõԷ񶨵Ĵ֮Լȼһ¶ƿڡ
ѲһӶ״ߵСС࣬Ҫ֣ҪӣαڱܵͷŻ켩磬һܽЩ̫̫è׽ɷѲ;ֶùܣȴвĻ㣬Ǳˣ
ЦЦûӻ
ҲǺ⣬˵Բ˽ࡣ
ǧʣ»Եùҹһˡ
˵ִ޷ǾǱˣټһġ
лˣҺúÿһ£ŲɷҸ˶ϰɣҾͲ¶ˡ
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ӻ֣ͷҲء
ˣ
С£ӽȻġ
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ôҲʸףžӲ¡
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εһ£εһ£ĿҲû֣ڻεоſڣȥһ칫ǿյģûڡ
ճһߣо־ѧУû˿϶ǱߣȥѧУȻҲ˸գͬ칫ҵĽڸһŮѧңƸһȥˡ
ͷʦǸҲһЩ˵νְڼŮѧģоǶĹ½ֵչ٣˵ʱʹ˵ζ·ڵſϷƶƺŮѧ֮һᷢʲô
κĲɣû֮ýһǻԹ֮޴йʧ䡣
ҲЩˣ뿪ѧУ׼ͽҼСԸһ£·һ俧ȹݣȴڴˡ
һǵҹʹԪס
ƶģһòŮѧ
ϡеơ
վԭػ䣬˿ˡ
Ůѧ泯ߣ״üһϲ֣ʾȥ
ҲˣϻȥѧУˣ;ԷƵѧ
С㣬
ฦһȥʺԷ·ǵԼҲˡ
ֻ֮Уд硣
á
æ⣬ò
С㲻ÿǲǴŵˣ
¿һۣʦû˵æûûУеģҲæǡ㣬̫ˣ
ǷС飬Ĺۣæڽӻ
̬Щ䵭
Ҳһ۾Ϳˡ
һʱĥ͸Է䵭ǳ£ǳԼ
˵λС㣿
Ȼոմӽ£໹ٴȷһ¡
£ǷС㣬顣
Һ¸Сһ𳤴󣬸Ҳͬһ㡣
°飬ɼҲã˴ѧС־ڴˣ˸ѧҵѾĹãνͯŮ˶ϲּڷʲôŵԵ־硣
һ˲ţѧǽѧ׼죬ãСɷ򳪸棬赺ϡ
þڹʦҰɷʱӸߴ£ˤˣС㻹δʽţʹʧδ򣬱ʹѣš
µʱҿֽȷܿϧ
µͷɫȻ
¹þãôȰҲû취벻Ѱ̼ѧʱ򣬼ѧ֮пҲȥǰʱ䣬ȻͽˣҪ幫Ӷ飬߳ҲΪˡ
ȵȣϣ˵幫ӣ֮ǰλġ
ܵܡ²ͬĸⲿй̫̫ϼҶģ֮Ȣˣλ̫̫ѲȥȢһλ
ⲿȻˣķԣŮΪȨƸ󣬾Ϊ˵ԸⲻΪŮ
۳ǷǣɫΣģǶ̫̫幫쳣λ̫̫ġ
ͬңǰֵܣȻҲûʲô
¿ȴ̫Ծ
ʵҲ˵ǿദͦĵģʱȴȻʧ˼ȻΪǰڻԼҽ飬һڻ飬ֻ˶Σȴ˵ˡ
ࣺʲô˼û
ҡͷôܣһϯˡҲףֱֲ˵ǾĻҼǵڣܾãЩ
ࣺʲôʱ飿
£ʮǰɣ֮ҾҲûмŴ˿е֪ʧٵ顣
һŮʧ٣ȻǲϴģһΪŮ룬Ϊ˼ҪǷҹϵѲϺţֱɽ飬ҲᱻϵԶҪʧãã˺
ܴõѶϢˣ֤û˵ѣϸ飬Ҳʷˣؽ㡣
µ֪ưһףЩѲ;춼ǿ
ЦҲǾ졣
죬⡰ֺвҵ˶Էıְ
»æҲˣҿΪǣϵ
֮ǰƺȻ廰
ȳԷɣ˵
ʣλ𣿡
ƺһۣ˵ͻ𣿡
ࣺȰҺСһˣǷԣš
ƺ뽫ЦƤݺһ£κڣҲֻˡ
лҪ˵һ~~~
ΣѼǰ100ͺ




152 
ƵȻûзֿ͡
ţ, һ, һ߳졣
ᳵ·Լ˵
£ʲôԼ㡣
´Ӧһ, ȴЩ֡
һʱҲ˵
Ȳ, ȻȻǷǰ, ݺڽȻȻڽԼţ
ЩɻǵĹϵ, ԼСһ𳤴, ƺҲδйĬ
ҲΪŮӣ֮겻̫˽ɡ
극, ºò˵л
, ֪Ƿ񷽱Ҫ绰ǱϢ, Ҳüʱ֪㡣
ͷܰ绰ļ֮ͥ٣Ǵ󸻴֮Ҳɣϵ࣬ȴھͷֲ, Ѿջ, ֻܰ԰ա
ȻҼû绰, оٰ칫ҵĺɣǸ绰Ҳһ
ǣðɡ˶ΣϾʧ٣ҲЩǣȻĸ׽, ʱҲ˲̫ϡ
Ƶ£ͻѧУɣǻе¡
õģڡ
оڽƺô㲻ʿŮʿͽ죬ĵ
ѧʦ޷أֻˡ
ҲƲôԼȥۏ˻ˮ
ǲʲôè壿
Ʋ𷴵Ӷ֮һֱûô½µ飬ӦúúϢһʱ䡣ڷС飬˭ȥҶһҼֲԹۣȻᾡģһһ
Ȼʣ⡣
֣£Щϰߡ
᲻ãͦҵģ
Ʋɫ⻰Ӻ˵𣿡
ղҲ˵ˣʵ飬һһ޷Ұæ޷ҺǿŹκһϸڡϸ룬ֺʱ򷴶˴鷳½£ҪûƽҽͽİȫҪӰˡ˵ףǶȥ˽ӡ
ЩͷĲݣʽ򣬵һïʢ
ȰŻǶλһֱԺǻȥӲΪ⵽Ҳмֵ
˼ǣ
ȴ΢΢ü
ʲô֪㲻ҪԺԷԼᣬҲһǮɣҲһļˡҲҪҲˡ
˵еΣʶɤӣɿ
֪㻹Ҫʲôô˵Ҳʾʲôң
ң
ʵ˵Щ֮ǰûô࣬ô롣
ƶԣѾܾûмҵĸˡ
ȻĴ󲿷˶ҲһͬڹȴһأǢȴڹڣլֻϹܼҺһӶˣϹܼҹȻҲǼһ㣬˿࣬±ϹϾعأȻ죬˵ȴվЩң˲׽
֪ʲôʱƿԷķϢĵطڡ
Ļδ˵ڣҲûпȥֹ
ֱոЩƽؾףըöȻѡ
ǲ˵ˣ
ԽԽ֣óĬǻɶס
ЩǰҲ֡
ԼҲˡһûа֮ǰ˭֪ү¶Ҫһȥ賡裬ҲͷŮԼࡣ
ھưܣԶϣǹֵ꣬һ˲֮˵̥ǣҲȥޱȿأȴÿЦĶ
ϲˣвɹ˼һʱʧ׵Ļᡣ
սѧһΡ
һΪҲزûмԽң˵һԼܰ
Ȼҹɫһʱʧ㣬ܷԼ⣬Ĳ˭õȨˡ
Ȼˣ̹㡣
Ҫǲʹ죬͵û˵ɡ
ҡҡͷ
ô᲻ʹ죿
ӦǾϲ̫Ŷԡ
ΪԼǸ˵꣬ɲ֪ҲѾ߳ǿǸǰ
ʱˮɵĬҲһ黰öˡ
Ϊϲȷеģ϶ڵ
Ļһŵ
ٷ
仰еС̽ζ
ڷѧʱҲ̸Ȼɳл򲻿ȱһξȴδйڵ뻼ûʧ
У
شúƣ˵͹ʱɵˡ
ٷнˮ
ࣺ
ƣǲ̫ˣɡ
æ
һٷһģҪҸƲң
ⶥñӿƻܲסˡ
ڱ飬ֱҹѳֲסҪܡ
лҪ˵εΣҹϣΣ
ĩȡʷʺͺ~~




153 
ѳƱݳȥһ, Լղŵĺ, ӱµĹơ֮ץſձǮ, оǰδеĿ, Ϊֹ, һȤĳ
˲ãֱǧ꾫Ͷ̥ת, ˾, ĸԸ򵥡
ųƱ֮ʲô᲻Ȥ, ͷͷ˰, ˪˵, ȥӰҲڰ֡
Լȥɡ
еЦֲܰЦֵ̫ԣȻԷ϶Ҫŭˡ
ǿѹƽǻ, һ
绹ҪȥһѧУ, е, ȻؼϢҹȥ㡣
˵껹˳ͷëƽ
Ŀſϣ֪ԼСһ׷ѾԶ, ̾˿ĬĬſϣһɹ̫˼ȹ
ϧûܳãҹˡ
ȥ¡
㻹ڣ
Щϲ
ұû뵽㣬Ҫǲˣܾ͵ô绰ˡ
໹Ǹ᲻𾢵ӣŲ̫Ůʿֱ壬֪Ҫάֻ̬
Ҳ㼸ֱ꣬Ӻͳɣôˣмң
µͷһ·СܹЩ
Ҹոȥ˷ңҲĸڣͷԸҲæѰ䡣ǻ˵ҵ飬ԸԭټǧԲ
գգۡ
ǧԲ㹻Զٶٷ
ǽͣҲԺܶ˰ɣ
ǮǮνҪˣҸһ˰ɡ
¸˵лȻǸˣ
ԾûˣУ԰ʱΪֺøڷֶԷһʱȻΪǿҡ
˾ţʱߡ
ܸ鵱۵£ҾȻҲȥӳ붼˾;ܿˡ
˷ңִĿĵ֮಻ü
ˣطһԶ˵ͬһƬ
Ҳѹ֣һƬסķǸ󣬷סýȻ
벿겻Ϻ⼸ҲΪŮŻ빫ƽסǷҼá
³·ϣһ߸ܡ
硣ŷ벿ϾһҲϺ顣
ˣǲǽз£
£ԣʶ𣿡
ࣺܶǰʶڿҲǵˡ
ȷǺܶǰ
ʱһδ䣬żɶϻ˶ѧУҲϺóȽϺõѧһٰʱ
µĽ࣬Ϊ߳ɼãҲѧϰʲô޷ѧУ棬໹ǵлϣΪ׽ѵ䣬ѧŵ㣬̲סǨŭ࣬ڽ϶
ȥ˾լۡżȻɹѹӢҲĳһֽ̻עʹ
빫ݴҪݻ࣬һȥͷ֣ͷ裬δرҺãͷװЩ룬Щ²ɵʱС
Ȼ˵ЩֵǮԼҲǾ󸻴ˣֻǴЩϸ￴һ𰸣Ҳûпȥô
ǵøղǰϯ֮ԼʹƣڵľΣ벿ڹٳϿɻ⣿
ЩⲢ޵ķʸʱһ˵ʧ٣δغйأҲǧ˿ƵĹϵЩֲ㵱ѯʷ벿һСŮҲ˵ȻʵѯʶĪơ
ƵʱĻشǣ벿ոձȥ̲
̲Ǹʲôط˼壬ǲѻƬ̵زţǸ׬ǮؾռŴͷ˵еϵȨݣҲǧټ꣬ν̣ϣȻǿԣ벿ܲȥĳĳ˵Сӻ̯ӸˣǹҸͷһֻ۱һֻۣʰСආˣû׼ʱСĶλĵ⣬벿ȥ˼ⲻǡ
ĲȻЩ
ɼ벿;ǡ
УҲҲ֮ǰй벿ˣԲŻᱻ򷢵ȥ
ҲСʧ٣˲޹ϵ
˼֮䣬ڷ˵ӭ£˷Ϸ򸾣ͷСλ磬ŷ벿ˣһλµḾˣԼĪǷӡ
벿ȻѾ½ܹ࣬Էʺãͷżɽ
Ů飬Ѿ˵ˡ
Ӧǡ
벿Ѳ;ֵ˶ڰæѰңұǲپˣ˵˲鰸ǱҲƼ㣬ҲŮƽȻϷĳͣҲϣؿƿҪ飬ţһֻ֪
Ϊ˼ҳ󲻿ΪŮ룬ⷬȻ벿ԴӲǿƣҲֻǹˡ
벿ģҲСߣҲû̽Ѱ˼µȤ£޲ߣ𵽵ÿҲޣһᾡæġ
벿΢΢üƺĻ̫⣬ҲҲ©ֻܾʹա
Աȴ˷һʡ
ࣿǸࣿ
¶ȻЩӡ
ӱʲôӡ
ôڸæˣ̽ӣ죿˵ʱһΪͬͬգû뵽㡣
̽ҲãҲգλ̫ߣû뵽걻׹ߣúѧϰĶڳҪһ췹Եˣһʱ˵ֻǳЦ۹ⲻС
ףǵɣ࣬ѧʱģ˵ɼܺá
벿¶ɻƺڻ䣬ѾȲˡ
ǻ˵ԺгϢڿҲδذɣûͬʲôҲǡ
̲ס磬ҵѣҰæģ
벿֪ûȻҲҪѵӵġ
ɺԣ
ЦЦû뵽ӻǵңûңҵȷʲôǣ˷ңʲô˰ɣǸʲô
Цûסǻ©˵㶯
¶첻߳ŭǲݲ£ֻܹȥǣֲ˼ңﲻӭ㣡
˵תߡ
治ҳԷ
ǱǮˣҲôõġ
СҪûţǮ
¶㣬һ޶ԣҲ׷ȥˡ
벿ȻԶӵıֺܲҲûҪ
һߣһ¶Ҳôˡ
ǸĹ׷໹Ǹ˵Լǲܣѹȫ
⣬Ǹ첻ߵģƽҲߣǲ˵Ϊҳ˿ҵĴŵģ뷹
Ҫ˵ʲôȴ빫ݷҴ׷һˣϸǸղվڷϴߵǸḾˡ
Ÿ߸ЬŲȴ˿߻ŷˣԶԶǾͺ

Ƿɩ
ɩĽŲִ٣鶼͸¶ҪǵļС
ֱ뿪⼸Һַܿʲô顣
лҪ˵εΣǰ100Ϻĩ죬ټѼ




154 
ƺķһЩʡ
뿪ʱ, Ȼż, ȴҲûѽǲλдϡ
ʶ, ͷͬѰ, Ƿ̬תĹؼ
Ȼ, 벿ӭ֡
, ղѾѵȮ, ʢ£ƽҲҹ߻, 뿴ҵ, Ҫһƽϡ
ǻ켣ٳϺ, ûֻգЦЦջأҲ¶Ρ
ոǸԲѷ۸ڶķӣ֪򷢵ȥˡ
ࡣ
벿ӵı, ߹, ݳһСϻ, 򿪡
ȫһ
Ȼϻֻȳ˰ƴһЩͷҲ߰˾
࿴ϻʱֻһ뷨ձ󣬹ȻܹӳжϷҵľ
޹»벿˵˵ΪʲôְǺɡ
֪˳Ӳֵùò˿, ɫҲ˵ӲܶԷĵǸ
벿˷һۡ
ǰĬƬ̣ǣ֮ſڡ
ǽӵһͨ磬ôġ
üġ
ʵĵ绰ǽӵֹһͨǰҹҲһͨԷʱ˵ֻСͷһӶ˽ӵģŵùҶˣڶҽӵģã˼Էֲ˵ɳɳǣǡ
ͣסڣɫӣǲ֪ôݡ
ԱӺȻ͵˵˾ʧһ£ʹҴȥ¥ϡ
ЦǸ׾Щ£Ϊͨ绰ʱҲԱߣ׶ˣɳɳôأڵ϶ҵʱ뵽ʬ塭
ѹǻųˡ
ڸոգ֮һͨ绰Էǲ˵ҸôȵģûҶϣ׷֮£ֻǱкܴصĺ֣Ǳ˵ҡ
ڽһ¡
ɷ˲ϲ£ҲϣԼ˱ɹ
Եþˡ
ŷҵû˵ѣ˭Ҳ¿Ц
ӣôȷ绰ͷãǱ˹׽Ūǣȷõ𣿡
Ҳܿ϶ֻǾơʧô죬绰ʧٺŴģ֮⣬벻Ŀԡ
̬ȾֹȷˣҲԸ򽻵
ܷϸ˵˵Сʧٶˣʧ֮ǰϣܹ֪һϸڣӦȥѰ
ԡͷ
Ͻ죬ʧʮˡ
Ҹӵʱڣܹ䵱Ŀ֤˵̷Ӷˡ
Ӷ˵ʮǰ鱾ԼʱԼ绰£˵Լ岻ʱӶ˲ûо÷ʲô쳣ȰطϢӦˣһ綼ڷͻȻҪţ˾Լȥ˵ǸԼʱ䣬Ӷ˲û뵽һȥû
˾˵Լطȥ˵³ɲ˹ſڣҪǵ¹˵ͷ˾Լȥɣ˾ˡ
ĵ˵֮ҾûԼûԼʱ֮˵ʲô³ɲ˹ݣҸδš
˴Ӷˡ
ôˣ¸Сͨ绰ʱ˭绰
Ӷڤ˼롣
дӵĵ绰
ӦҴұΪҶܵģڼң˵鲻͹䡣УѾ˻飬ҵҸʱʽڸĩΪ˾ٰģþõʱʧ񡣡
Ӷ˰һˣһ绰⹫Ӵģ
е幫ӣǸ鶩塣
˵Ӧúүģ˸նûãһʱҲĲ˿ڡ
ࣺ˵ʲô֪𣿡
Ӷˣû˵͹˵绰Сܿ쾫鿴࣬Ӧ⹫ӰοɡʱСϻЦأ
Сڸ۵ʱ򣬺ѹ۵ʮ䰲οҲ˵һҲ֮С
Ҳ˵ʧ٣ıѾãԸʧ٣֮ǰƵҳ߲һ뿪ʱûϵԼҲز
ת벿⹫ӹ𣿡
벿ͷѾȥˣӦϾܵ
˵ܲ٣ܲٵ
һģơ
е⡣
˵ԼѧУµġ
ֶ±סС
üƸ
˵ԷΪ֪Żġ
벿ûƼ˵üȥӭŮ̬硣
ˡ
֣磡ɩ
Ҳƺ׽Ѿһ졣
ǲʲôϢˣ
лҪ˵εΣΣĩϹأǰ100ͺףĩɭ




155 
ĺһĸͬ, ԸҲԯ, ԷС㶼ǰ
СƬǵȷλˡ
˷ͬ, ܸ³Ϊ, ֹȻ˵ùȥ, Ĵҹ㣬ȻǱڶϲ׷ġ
Ȼڷ, ҲûԹӲ˷, в˿ᣬ׷, ȴĵĵܵܰεͷ
˵, һ֮, ȻܿģżҲʧ񣬻˵Ļ˵Ļ
Ҳ˵ĺ岻ȫͬ, þֹ, Ҳ֡
ôСͲڰ嵱
Էʧٵܹ, ÿ춼绰ѯʽԼпҲʱ򻹾÷Һ⡣
ǷͻȻʧ٣һ׮֮ϵĻ¡
𼱡
벿壬˵˸ղͨ绰, ɫ䡣
᲻鱻ĸط˲ĵ绰ֳʲôû˵
绰ǸϡǴ󸻴˼ңһĵطװģͨ绰ǷСġ¹ͬ¸ɵģǰΪ˷ҲûбҪٴ绰ɧš
벿벻һ㣬ֻ˺ͷ̲סϣѺ½ϣܴҵͻƿڡ
ע⵽ࡣ
λǣ
벿ܣȴȡ
࣬ҺѣƽҲҵ
µѣƵѣȫһ
벿ӣһĿȻ
幫ӻȻ֡
һһᡣ
벿Ҳܵó׷켩ϻغԬıɱǰ촺ɽ飬ƣæϣܾҵСŮ
಻ʱ䶼˷ںϣͷֱ֮Ӿͽ⡣
Сʧٵ֮ǰͨ绰𣿡
壺ǵġ
ࣺܷ֪˵ʲô𣿡
壺ҲûʲôѰʺ˵岻̫˸µԼᣬúϢʱںݣ˵Ҫⲻƥں˿ڼţϧûüͣ¡
˵£ԼˣǶԵϵġ
ֵðһ벿ƽǷʲô⼸ͨ绰СʧйأǶԷҲҪС
һʱûףʲô˼
ࣺ˼ǣԷ÷С㰵ʾвǣҪ飬Ӧþͻƽ
Ϳˣ绰ﲻʲôҲû˵𣿡
ࣺΪʲôҲû˵ץѱСƽʱҪôѧҪôڼңѳȥ֣˼ʹϵΪ򵥣ôʶЩ̾ˣɳְв飿
壺˵ܸɽ˿й𣿡
෴ʣ˿Ŵͨɧŵ绰ô
岻ˡ
벿ȻǷʲô֮밸йأ̹׸֪ҾģֻҪƽ£ҪʲôҶϧ
Թɫƺ״
æûûУҲϣչô鲻˵
˶Ŀ⼯ϣĹ£Ҳе㶥ס¶Ц
ѧУиŮϲңѾȷܾˣҲ֪Ҹ鶩˻飬ܿи֮ϻҵ棬˵һҪҺڡ룬һңҲûʲô飬Ǹôһ˵
ࣺλͬѧ˭
壺ͣǸŮӴѧϵͬѧһЭʶģҶĺܸȤǸЭĹ٣ÿɳصģö֮Ǿʶˡ
ࣺȷϵ𣿡
ԥȻûУ̸ֻܷḻΪÿһһʵĹ£ʱҲͬѧڳұʾøУҲϲ飬ֻѡ
ࣺļͥ˿ڹϵ֪𣿡
ҡҡͷҸղž˵ˣǳĺ͹ǣıĻ⡣
벿ߣ
벿½ΣҲһֱϾǱߣҷ˺ʹͬϾж飬ôѡҲӦ׾ȮӲŶԡ
⻰Ҳе
룬Ŀǰ˵ʱҲûиõİ취ͷֿѰңѲǱߵֲܶϣУҪȥ˵λŮͬѧϾҲɵġߣһȥ½ºؽ㣬ܴܲǱҵʲôͻƿڡ벿ĵ绰һҪӣѯʶԷݣŪ׶ԷЩϷĿģǲźö֢ҩ
Ļ̸벿Ҳûиõİ취ֻܱʾͬ⡣
͸ȥ磬ǲ͡
ʱûˣƸ뿪Ҳû벿Ǹװϻӡ
ҲȱǮЩƱԵͣ࣬͸ƺѡ㺬ǲͬģ벿Ҳò֣ó׼һЩͿͳ븮
ƿһ֪һӻ
ǰŸ뿪ңﻵˣ˵ˡ
˸ôԼе㹷ƣٻ
ͷһؿ˰Լȳɹġ
·𻹺ܹ١
ɵôŸұ۸׹𣿡
ǵû÷벿ͦ˼
Ĺٳμǣɲ˼ô
벿Ȿ£Ȼǿ鵱ٵϡ
Ƿ¶겻Щǽ벿˼ӦҲָӼ̳мҵˡ
ҵǲίҲû˵ù㣬ҾǼñ˶ģ޲ҵ֣ߵĶ˳Щ
Ƶ粢š
֪һӣǰȥһҴкҲ֮ѯʵ飬û뵽Ǹ绰벿ȥ壬Ҳһˡ
ƲĺӵܣǵСݣ˴ҲԶ߻ȥҲͶʮӵ·̡
ӭϼˣƽͣʱ侲ֹ߶Ҳ⡣
˵黰ҲôԵ𣿡
ƣϲ𣿡
ࣺɡ
ƺЦķǡ
һţղѣˣǸϻӣͷһǧأ
ƣ
ҹҳ˷Ҳûȥңϰߵܻܵʱҡ
ϹܼרŸʰһͷ൹ʵʵ˯ڿͷӶʰʱ򣬾Ƶﱻû
ϣǵ˯עôá
Ϊҹ˶һͨ绰ѡ
绰Ƿġ
֪ҹҹûе绰ֻȰѵ绰ҡ
ʱ绰صĴţѾ˲ˡ
ڽžִ٣һ˿У˵¡
һҲʧˡ
Ǿڼǰֽӵ˹硣
лҪ˵Σ
ĩϹأǰ100ͺ




156 
͵ʧҲͻȻ
籾ǹŵۻ, ÿԱԼȥһܵĹύһݱ, Χһͱݻĵá
ʱȡҾû, ֱߺ, 벿ȥ, ŷûؼҡ
ҼҾһ㣬ڱϲ, , ͥĺӣҪôѧͰ, ҪôȥѵʦѧУ, һ㲻ѡշѲƵŮӴѧ, ڷܿ̿࣬ɼ죬ѧԱʦʶƸ¼֮ѧ, ԼֻҪЩѺ鼮, ŵԳΪѧУһԱ
Ҹĸ, ƽպܹɣѧУǻؼңϺٳţȺÿ飬ʱѧУͼݽһͷ, ܰ첻¶棬ѧûؼңͷһء
͵ʧɺϣþͿҪʻĵڣ˺ûϵ˲ˣʻҲûطң벿ֻþֵȽҸĸȥʵ顣
ϣҾ˹绰
绰֮ǰһ
ӵ绰ķĵ˵Լõ
˵绰ͷķڿźԶʲôĽҰŷʣ˲
µʱӵ绰ֲûסѻͲӳȥһϳֻɫɷףؽҧΪܹܵˡ
Ұѵ绰ʱ򣬶ԷѾҶˡ
ǵ
ҶòŻ˵Ŀ϶飬ǸͲ֪ĶϺĻĽǣûңңһԤ롣
ࣺʲô
ĬƬ̣úܿѾ⣬⼸ͨ绰ʵǡ
ʵǷĹڸ˺ԩ
سڵ֮⣬Ѿ֪ˡ
ͲʲôҲû͵ô¡
ͨ绰Ҳûʲô˯ˣ۾ڴĥ
졣

ò£֪ơ
ĹȻơ
ͦģǶԷСˮȡ
ˮǱƤˮ֣ӭܵջ󣬷ཱིʱл裬Ӿ͸ҹδߵһػ
ͷҹô˼
Ͽȴܳʵ˫Ѿӹȥˡ
ƣҾ֪˯š
ֳȥӽ
ǰǴڷò͵ģֱ޷ܵë
ڡ
ֻ˵˵̶ŶԷͻ޶ߵġ
ȻûԷҪܳһʱԷƺûвԼĵͻơ
ȥ͵ĸĸ
һ¶ǣۣţ༰
ҳã
ƣðӸйأ
ࣺô
ƣһŮӣϲ壬޷飬Ҳ̫еɱ˵顣Ҿһ㣬ѧϵŮӴѧܱҵǱضǰ;αΪһ޹飬Լǰ̣
ࣺڼ֮£Υǵ飬˵õ£᲻գɱף
ҡͷĸأѧȫ⣬ÿ鱾Ѻ͸ӷҲһСĿȻİŮ˼ңŻԸǮ˸ĸ;ҪɱˣҲġ
֣϶ҲйأֻߣҲֵһĿꡣ
˵ȻȻһˡ
壿
Ů˶йϵ
ƺȻûоã벿̬ҲеŹ֣
ࣺô˵
ƣʱѯǷʲô˵ʱ򣬷벿ȷ˼Լ˼ʹϵ塣
ࣺȷˡ
ƣôƶǱ߳⣬Լ
Ҳ
֮󣬿϶ȴԼߵ𣬷벿ķӦԵ̫ˣû˼ʱ䡣
ʳӣ벿ôҲܶԼŮְɣ
Դǣ᲻ᣬϣҺֲ˺ַӣʱŮȵͷˣҲҪһϱ
ƣҷ֮Ҳŷḻˣ۾գģ
üʲôи˭˭
һ⣬ֵ˻°ҹúۡ
ܿûȥĥˡ
ڶųţȥѲ
͵ĸĸѺ
Ҳס磬ѲǿˣӱǴɽ᰸Ѳ̫ҲԸˣһֻ۱һֻۡ
ԭСҾҲʵȴѰ˼ңûʲô·һץȥֻϷޱŮʧٺͿɱ˵Ϣ˫شһҹ㲵ò
Ȼ֮ǰûǣҲ֪ԭ϶״
λã裬ǿԽࡣܷ벿֮У˽һ°Ľչ
ӹ˽ܵĿڹӣһ£ͷϷ򸾵Ĺʡ
ǶŮһֻ֪֪ɼܺãѧУʦϲͷѧȫѧǸҫ¶ҲһֱΪǽΪԼҺѧϰİ
Ȼͨ˿϶ѽܡ
ǺӺʵĲɱ˵ģ찡
ǰҵӰɣһǱʲôץˣǶǷط񣬱˵ɱˣֻɱģ
Ǿֵܾ̿ĶͣкĲ
లǼ䣬˼⡣
Ǻͨڹе⡣
˽ܵûʲôҪʵˡ
˽˵ʵЩʲô⣿סδмˣƽʱôദոʲôⲻǿڹд˵
಻飬ڷ¡
ȥҿҪǴ·ָͷһ£ȰǷ˰ɡ
˽۾ΪѲҼҿģ
޹ⲻȥ𣿡
˽ҲУɷҲͬı
೯°һ˰ȥ½ɡ
˵հڰ֣ˡ
˽ܰһӣЦ͡
٣ͱΪˣȻ˵ְҲǸСʧٵĿǷ벿ŮҪǷŻɽ˭Ҳ𡣡
ƣǷŵıҲˣ˲ͬı֣ǷŻȥҲ̲סؼ̽ǿáߣʹˣҪиһϾҲ⿴ɣ
˽¶ɫ⡭
ƣǰ참Żְ¹ְ벿һǧأѵһӶ
˽һҧҾȥһ°ɣҪҲڣ϶°빦
ףȥ
һͷ½¡
Էϴһ񲣬˾¶ɵЦ
лҪ˵εΣһû
Σ




157 
һֱ½װɵ
һСʱ۾գɵЦ, Ҳһֱ¡
, ۲֮£ʲô
½±ô, ϶ɫɫ, ׳ܡ
¹ͬԵ, ¹ͬűܵܡ
¹ͬͻȻ߳Ϻ̲ô, ŵЩùİѱ, Ի̳ٴоʧ롣
жȲҪ½¿ڳЩܵƬ, ж½
˽˵, ½ôЩ, Ѿʳ¶һѰɱѲֻýѺҲֹ½Բ, ˵ŻͻῪʼ, ƩˤƬԼ, ϻôСС˿ڱ鲼ѲֲһҸרŶνᡣ
Ŀ£¶ֽţǳǳ, һ˿ɼЩѪ
Լȴƺ޲أԶӽһ㣬̫顣
ཫѲ֧ˣæظֵƬС
ôһ˲ǼԷϽѲߣҲһӣܰѿҲƷ衣
ηֻ½¡
Զķ˻źڻ谵տбŴ󣬲صȥԵûôˡ
½£֪㲻װΨһȥİ취
֮ң˵ĻֻжԷ
֪̫ܣЩ˲գǷֲ٣һʱɱ㣬ͿԹӲдЩʱաûԼбķӻȥ
½޶ԣҲ⣬˵
ҿ԰գȥֻۡҪ뿪ϺЩ˾κβ㣬Ҳܺ绽꣬뿪Ϻ˵־첻ôΨһ·ϣúðա
û½¸ͷ취ģһ˻;ԴУװɵܻʶ¶㷴Ӧ
ʧˡ
½ʲôӦҲûС
Ŀͣľګͷ˿ûвһ¡
ڳʲôͯҥʮоžġ
ѵɵˣ
಻Ҫһɵ½£ǻûκ塣
ؽνЩ˼½֪öࡣ
СʲôϢǿ϶ҲӦ½ϡ
ˣһߣͲλᣬԺҲȥˣֻԷСȤһŲ֪ȷλᶼץס𣿡
ս½£һһ١
ĿƻϣغٺɵЦ
䲻ԷȻѣֱӰ˵Ҫſҧˡ
ֱ̧һߣ½·˳ȥֱˤǽǡ

½´Ͼɰܻķ䣬һᣬڸ϶۵վԭûӸ£䶢
Ȼ˵ˡ
С㡭顭Բְֹ⻬ٺٺ٣
½²˵û˵أЦ
ֻЦɵЦŵЩ}ˡ
໺֪飬ˣ
½գգۣЦ飬󰡣
ڽú͵ƺ΢ĩֵ˴Ƭ
֪δֱƺ󾱣඼ס˸
ǰƽһ
ԼˣԻһܲ𾴾ƲԳԷơ
½±ϥɪǽǣʲôƮȥ
㲻ɱģң
ͷһֱ仰˵顣
ѵС㵱ˣ
йԩһ˵
ԩͷծȥȥ
½»С£Ť־޷αװ
ࣺ˭
½죬ԽԽС塣
սԷȴȻһֱǽ󱳶
½αСһ¸һ
˷ͷж඼ϷŹֱһץѶԷק
˵
½ɪɪҡͷ
֪Ҳ֪ȥǲҪң߿߿
࣬Ϻڰв֪
Сǲˣ˭ɱģɱģͷϵֻһʱҲȲ㣡
ѹɤӣݺв
½ֻҡͷȴ˵
˼俴½ºܾãԷɲϽȻ¶ȴеΡ
ٶȥҲ岻׼뿪ˡ
ΪԷװ裬ڿƺ衣
½µݼ̶ȣѹЩеõܵˣŪٷ裬С
ţʲô˼
ںڰﹶӲдڼװɵǿ׳ͽлˣ
½Ҫģ
½ֿʼ˵
飬Ưϲ解һ解ģ𡭡˵ȸ𣬺ٺ٣ϻڹ꣡
ĽŲһ١
ڹҲϲӣҪȥҵĿأףҵĿȥˣ
פһֶԷĻ߼˳ȫ뵽ʲô˵ʲôȥҲûá
ȥؽν㡣
ȻŮ˵ʲôҲ֪ؽƷԼ֮ǰС˵Լϴˡ
ѲɽᱻŮ֮УȷһСЩƵģյǳ£ҾͨǸŮѧûʲôϵֻɺϡ
һֻó뿪
硣
೤˿
ʵ˵ûоʱһãѹֱ԰˱Ʒ衣
Ҳ½¾ġ

ҲЩȷˡ
ûһװزӳջ˿ġ
ƺ˽ͷ
һĻҷ򸾡
Ƴ棬Ȼ˳һͨ벿ĵ绰֮ҷ򸾱׼֮ͣڼңѲסңͬͬ˾˽ܡ
¾ͿЦ㶼ɼ˰ɣ
˽ܰ̾ģʵҲԸ⣡
һ򣺡˰ɣסңóԺúȱţûѲî֮ǰˣ׮Ҫǰˣһݣʲôģ
˽װȥԺٺNɪˡ
½Ǳˣʡ
ҡͷͺܽʲô˲ˡ
˽ܣ˰ɣһʼҲװɵַӶԹˣЩʲôֽϻʣûܰԳ˷ˡʵɣ˾ͷˣҲúȴɱǾֻô£Լʲôʱ̲סװˣ
̾װģҶͶأһܶԼĺˣѹ¹ͬ˽ӵλá
Ϸ޸Ǻߣ֪ʲôȴһսսηηڱŻؼңҲû˿ɡ
ѲѰСϰܵģȻû½϶Ҳ˲ٴĥϵĥûвѾˡ
λ٣ˣ뼸λȵʲôһŮָǰһӵ
һò˵լΧ졣
Ǳˣ֪һƬסĶǲ̫ԣİգϲ㣬࣬ƲƶߣÿǮҲ࣬ʱһزܰµļҵ׺ĵøɸɾҪάƽס
ĻжѧصǼ︸ĸмӣŮ顣
ɩΨһĺ𣿡
ִű˽Ѳɩ׽
ǣԭи磬ǰȥˣϥ¾ʹһӣƽѧ֮󻹻Ǹɻر¿ۡ
ɩڲ಻Ŵͣʧˡ޹ģҲȰҳܾôĪʧˣǼֻһӣǴѧҲδĹҶǻᾡġ
һͨȻɩƽ
ǵǵģܸȰҵ٣ǾͰˣ
ɩһĨ۽ǣ̧ȥˣ赹ˮ
λٻ£ûҲûʲôֳɳԵģȻúȥֻдλ
ͷڱ
ɩóһСǼ
λ٣Ƕһ⣬뼸λЦɡ
˽ܴҪ֣ȴɻȥ
һƣɫɩǲúôģ鰸ģȥŮ￴
ɩæҴȥ룡
Ҳ͵ӸС
ȸСȫͷʲôУҲȱŮӵȤھЩСֲͻһССľӣһ֡
ϵ鲻࣬ʼǱܶ࣬һģһ۾ע⵽ˡ
һֳġ硷
ٷһǡ֬򡷡
ԱɩǼҴʹͼݽ飬ؼҾԼд˵һԸʡǮдʱҲԼ䣬װݿȥҺҲ
ͷȷǸ̿ڷܵĺӡ
һȥ
󲿷ֳֶ飬ЩҵͶԴÿҵģóǳϧԼѧҵ
ע⵽һЩɷӵĿγϣܷḻܻиָ˼룬ȻʷרҵȴʷϸȤһǸ棬ֳһϪ̸ŵһ£д˲ԭĸ
Ʃ硪
д͸ͭܿĹģֻҪѾӷ£Щľͻǽϣɼ
ڱע˾δϹ֮أسפ֮ϧʶãд˾Ҷһ׷Ѱаء
ĵҲܺĸ롣
Ůж㽺ͻ룬ϲƯѺ֬ˮۣעĺ͹Ŵ֮ϵģ
ƼȤĸֱʼǣ²ߵļƣļһ
뿴Ĵȥɣﵢ˼ҡ
γѣϷޱŻĿģѲͳԼ;Ϳ϶֡
Щռ֮Ѿų͵ɡ
Ǹ룬пǷǵŮԸɲΪ޶ɱ˵顣
οôʼͷҲûйκμء
˵ҲûǸ̶ȡ
Լͷʼû꣬ʱ½ۡ
һ˵Щˡ
ʲô
´磿˵ѣһ˵˵˸ġ
߰ɡƾȻҲӦˡ
෴˼
ҼҾУҹƵȲôˡ
˽Աˮ̲ס죺֪´ϹＹţóԡ
ļ򣺡Ϊ˶ԵƼǻԵġ
˽ܣ
ԼһǿòѯʣԼ϶Ҳ¿˳ŸôǾȻҲʣ
˽
Сʣ򳤹٣Ҫȵࣿ
˽ûү

͵ʼǻصңԳһϵʱϸĶ
֣ʼǣȻʫ衣
дУ԰ĻҲжĳʵĺøС࿴˵ǲ壬Ϊ͸ûκʾͰʾʺÿһϡ
дģϵǡ
˵ÿһǶһ£дһʫ
ǲЩۣ飬ḻֲЩ㣬ÿһʫ趼ӽ̾
Ų鰸͵˫ĿƬ̣ȻһӰڴ͵ͦ
һֵĵط
ͲֹһдޣᵽֵƵδҲ̫Щ
ӣһȥ˶ʮ߸
ΪζԲ˸Ȥ
Щ
üͷԺ﷭˼·ȴ䲻ңϡ
ң⺰Сܣˣ
ƣҲֿһϣûҪǵôԼܲÿؼ˯ġ
²һ䣬Ͳ뿪
㣬
񻰣д˵ģƽϡ
ͷԼıԹƺ˵ûϵĻӦźܿ챻ƿ
üԵĴλ
ȴû
Сˡ

лҪ˵εΣķһ~~
ǰ100ͺ




158 
ҹĺڡ
ҵƻϨ, ˼һƬš
ϴͷǷҵӶ, ڷҴʱȷСͻҪΪԴȳ˴Щ, ܾǰôڻ, ö֮, ϣϴͷƢ, Ҳ, ÿζֺǺɵ˺ʱӦ
ϴͷֵҹ, һ, ڰҹʱú͵, ׼ƷһȦ˭Ŵûغãû
ȻС㲻ڣ벿ʱס, ЩûӰϴͷճ
, ͻ, ȴʹˣϴͷ궼һӺųǽߡ
·Ѿ߹ǧ˰ٱ飬, ۾Ҳ·ŵҰˮŷ벿ȥϾįʱһҲ𽥳¾ɣǽ̦߰ߣϡŵζ
ϴͷЩϧϲǰǸո¹ķ빫ݣⲻģһһľڷˣֻǷҵĸƷ
ҹúܣˡ
ϴͷȻͣסŲ
ۣղŷ·𿴼ǰ߹һӰҹۡ
Ҳۻ軨ˣĵ
һ̣ǰӰֳ֮ڣվڴſڵߡ
ϴͷһ飬ûȥΡΡ
С㣿
ӰûӦȴϴͷĻˣӲתһ档
Ұ׵ûѪɫ
յƮӡ
ϸ͵ĲӣŸԴҡҡλΣһϴͷϤƤ¶һЦݡ
ϴͷǸҳױˣ


Сʱ
ڷҼ˷С㡣
ûС㽻̸ֻܸһվڷſڣŷԷڴϣȥƺ˯úǰȡ
ʹ˸ɫڣص
ûС㣬ȷ𣿡
ɳϵķͷ
ûǵǣⶼܴΨ⼸ȥһ֪ʧһ㣬Ҳܲãǲ׷ʣֻϢٴӳ飬Ƚ¸߶λöλ۱лˣ֮ǰе뿴ڼҸϣǲĵܵһƽϡ
⻰˼һ֪ͨǣѾһˣߣȻСǰίҲͲˡ
˵Ȼȷࡣ
һϻӣǰûнܵǸ
ȻǮƣǻҪʾģССЦɡ
ûд򿪺ӣϻӦñ֮ǰ˵㶫
൱Ȼ֪Է˿󲿷ǿƵӡ
Ǯơһ죬Ѻӽӹȥˡ
Ķ÷΢΢һ£Ϊ֮ǰһӽǮȥġ
Ȼûǵ£Ǿȸǣ߶ŷϢˡ
벿ûԳӭӣǲﻹҪ£಻֪Ҳû˵꣬ǡ
ع񣬡Ͷλ
ധϻӣصӣ뿪ʱһŲȿ̨ףҺԱ߼ʱһѡ
··ʲôأ
ʵûôѹעڷСĻϣȻΣûѷСҡʻô˵ˣǸǴµΪֹ׷ˣܲȥѷʻ
ڸӹ͵ʧ١
ŮûзļͨѲѲ䣬֮¿϶ȥٲֻ֣ᱻһ׮ͨʧٰ˵ʧȥΨһŮ
ٹһˡƵ
ӷСѯ͵䣿
ƺܿ˼
ͷ
ȴûʧٵʱ֮ɣҲֻз飬֪͵ˡ
ĥǱʼǣͷдʫ裬жᵽޡף
ƣô
׻ȸ䡭
˻һһ
ˣ
˵ôϵŲֶ죬½²Ҳ߶ô
Ѳʲô壿
ȻҲһֿܣǾǴɺϡ
ȥһѲ½ʵ飡
ڣ
ڡ
ûæ׷ʣֱϳ˾ͷȥѲ
ڣ½»˳ࡣ
;У˵Լķ֡
üͷû˵
ࣺǲ뵽ʲôˣ
ƣһ˵Ҿ뵽һط
лҪ˵εΣϣΣѼ~




159 
˵𣿡
Ƶ, ¶ƬԻ
˵, ձǸʲôϵ
ƣһϵҲûСΨһĹϵǶи֡
˸û˵
ƣһ|ߴ̳, ֱڱϺϾȵ, , Ϻľͽᡣᣬ½ºἰ޹ϵ, ҾͲö֪ˡ
һ㶡
û뵽ƻһ|
һڵ´֯
, ûһ˲ʶ
ΪаҲ, ǽ˶, Ҹȼ
һ|ų͵֮, ҮջԼм壬ĩ֮˵ܱĩҴ
ʷձ, ǿ, о, ڱϺȴеͨܵһ֮Ҷգ֮ĹأʧȥأƮ룬Ϧ, лƺӳذˮ֣½ɺ
ǰ꿪ʼй󲿷ֵ߾ûͣǰǹ㶫ȵصߣ㽭ɽȵصĻңȵص컨ǰǳˮֵµűߵµִӼǧʮ򲻵ȣ궼С
Сл˼ΪβҵЩƶİոҩҽֻܾ൱ʱӺװõĳ𣬾һȥ˺ʱȾϵòЩƶ񣬵ЩҲֻǱˮн
Ͷ·֮£һ|Щ翵ĳۣȻԽԽ㣬չҲԽѸͣ˵Ѿ¶ϣĳЩ߼Աһ|ͽˡ
һĶͷ
ôһ˵ҵǰڽʱһӡһץһ˿ڵĻӣ鵽һ|ҲЩϵֵ»м˾Ļ˵Լֻһ|ͷϲ̨Сආ˾Щײβġ
Ƶͷһ|ŵ廨ţĹ¥ڻ£˿ȻҲһǸ¹ͬԺ½µĴɽҲЩϵ
ࣺСˣǱģ˵ͨ
ʱ޷ѯʣʧ٣Ҳֻ½пܰǽ⿪ɻˡ
ߣȥѲ
ƶû뵽ȥһ
½ˡ
ʱϰ˵ʮң½¸ηķںУȥ˰㣬˭֪Ϳ½ηһ̲Ѫ
Ѳæܹȥһŷ½²ϾȻƬһӣ¶챻ѪˣȻҲ췦
ͷصؽģһѲڣͷˣҳǵʱδƽϢ˵ѲüϼĿ籩ꡣ
ʱ䣬˵ʮ֣Ҳǵʱû֮ǰ˭ϵ½»Ǹʱɱ
ȷɱ𣿡ʡ
ֵʱţͷһԣȫѪɱûˣֵǣϻΪ˷ֹԲУÿθͷţ鶫ǴˣҲ˰Ƭһջͷǿ鲻֪ʲôʱģҲ˲
ƶһۡ
ȥͣʬ俴ɷ񷽱㣿
½µ״Ϊҡ
˿ڴѪģٿڶۡ
۾װϲϣĳ౾ڳˣȥЩֲ
۾գŴʬ߹һȦͷȥϸ鿴˿ڡ
ûоãǵжͼһ˫۾׽ˣ
ͣ;ʧˡ
ò׻ȴֻԶԶһ̸ۣûлᡣ
½Ѱͻƿڣ½¾ˡ
ѲɣҲ
Ͻҡҡͷֿµ뷨Ժγȥ
Ƴ
ʬ˼·½µ档
кܶҪ½֪˵ܣҲͳܣܻڣһͲġ
֮⣬δؾ͸Сʧйء
ץץͷе㷳ꡣ
һֶˡ
𼱣ᱻڸ̫ãзѾĻվͽ޹δаͲʤҹܳռأΪõ
ߣϣʬ϶
鲻Զܶ˿Բдǣܲд¡
ࣺ˼ȥʷ飿
һŮ˸Ů˵ֱܱȥʸЩнģȴ϶ɵöࡣ
ڴޣҲԼˣֱӾȥǱ߶Ըһ¡
ȥҰݷãȻû飬Ӷû档
ҹµ˵ǷСڻ겻ᣬ״̬˵ͣԼ˵ĻҲȴǰࡣ
Ҳ⣬û͸뿪
ҵ£ʱпûնȥңμһ棬֮࣬ҪʧǼ쵽׾ʲô
ȻʹӦˡ
¹һһзƽ˾
ȥηңڵڼ顣
һĻ塣
һͬ衣
飬ǲû˯ã
ȥָոմԷȴƵĶȻأӦ֮Ҳסˡ
Ȿ֮ǰСѰ黹ϲ쵽Ҹȥ
ڣúܱܿ˵
⣬ͷ˾šԱ߽͡
ûϵԽˣȻ֮УҲĹػѡ飬Ƕܵ㣬⼸쵽ĶȥˣˣǱܸ˵˵𣿡
ȴûĻŴõϵ¶ˮ۾һգգ˲㡣
ֻ˺üŻع
ת飬ȴû£ͣǰİ״ɱϡ
ղ˵ʲô
Σ״Ҳ׷ȥˡ
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ȻȻҪȥպѵ֣ϣ˸ů͹
һαܿˣʲô
ЩΣ̲סȥ⼸쾿ʲô˾䣬˹һƯŮħߵпԵľ棬¼ܲµȴֲԸȥ롣
˿֪ԼѾ׷κˣʣҲشġ
¡
Ϸ顣
˵Ƶ˲һ£ۿɼĻסҲû
ǲ˵ΣԶڶԼ
СʶĽ飬ʱҲԴס
С㣬ԷɣҲԶ˵˵
ˣȴǣҪ㣬úڷ£ǵĻڡ
壺ڲ䡣ʲô£ʲôԶҵ顣
°ͷҺѴѲк󸣡

ž
оֵİ칫ڣǶ
ܱǸûʵ֪Ĵ𰸣ʱ£Ҳû׷ˣҲʱָʱٴһ¡
ûϵѾúܺˡ׸϶
ҺԣȻǲ֪Ҫôźá
⻰ڶ֮ƾײһ׮¡
лҪ˵һ|֯ȻҲδʣˡ_




160 
, һžͰ̾
ң, мȥˣٵԷ, ϸûϸ, ̾Ļˡ
СС̾ʲô, Ѹ̾ûˣ
ңֿ죬ϺצӸõ
ÿӣ
Цⲻǰͽż𣿡
ңһۣҺõú, õʲô, л˵ӣ
һץ, Ͱ¿, һֻҲû, ˰죬ͳͰ͵ĵӰƱ
ҵӰƱȥɣ׿ֵĵӰ, ½Ƶ, ϶ϲ
ң, Ҳˡ
˭˭ӰƱţļҹҿɸ˵ҪŮˣ˼һȥҪôҲøǮ
ࣺ
ئ
ݴɫ϶ǽȥˣ, ܴ̼ˡ
ࣺ㣬ȥˣҵģȥӰأ
ң׸һӻ֣ȥ
ࣺ治Ҫ
ңئۣ򡣡
ئҲͳŵӰƱ
֮䡷Ʊһڲͬһһ졣
ҲˣԸȥɣңɺһйȥӰأ㿴㳤ãҲвһɾûһأ
뿪Ц˭˵ûһģⲻôԱ𲻺ѣҪɹⲻ⣿
ң¶ɫ
һ˵˵㣬û뵽㿴ˬʵŮƫڶʱˣȻŮƽȣŮϱеϱԲҲһô
ңҪ˵
ࣺԼңԣ
ңǾ䲻˼ҡ
ࣺ
˵ġ
ңָͷʼ
ԼͦõģҪɹңǾǺǧǼأ˵ǰҲܹǲˣƽͷաУ˼ǴѧڣҪѧʶѧʶҪòòɹң׷УſŵֽŲµȥֵõأѽҲһƤ໹ܿԷǰϴ֣ܵ룬ֲ˼ȡ¾͵ùҹ˵˵ļԸ޸㣬ҪŮģζЦѣ
ˡ
ߺ߷룬ط·׼ϴ衣
ң󺰣Ϻкܶ࣡
ͷҲأˣ
ģ
ԭƿˮϴ·ϵģңһ֮ͨƹˤɶҲŪˣͷ·ͳš
ƱԼʱʮӡ
Ҳûڳȣ˾ȻȥԼվڵӰԺſڵʮӡ
ʱѾ˲Ŀ⣬ŮӣƵĵȴϸ棬չĦƵȴŮ㣬û뵽ͬӢһˣ˶Ի䣬Ͳ˵ӰԺһʱЩζӳ£ֲĽǳζֻС¹ײĸΪ
೤ôҲûصӰԺǸһ𿴵Ӱˡ
ĵһʽԼᣬڿƵһ̣ѾеڳʱûˮˣΪżƱͦװɢ㣬ңԶơ
ĩλòмĻԶӽá
ΧŮ˫ģҲмŮԺͬУԺһҲûУܾԼȫ㡣
֮顣
ǽңĻ˵ûã͵Ĵ
ƿձӣ̲סġ
ڼ
ɫе㲻ȻֻͷһԼᣬϰߡ
̿ǰһͦģ
ƿԣǲһ
ЩŮһʱܵĴ⣬ӵұ
ƵԼᣬʵ˵еš
֪ڽʲôԼҲֲ
ҺõӰܿ첥š
˺ĶܿӰԺЦⲿӰʵڷѾˣҪʱ䣬Թڵ˵ѾǱȽµƷˡ
£ҲӰƾһ䣬ͬżҲЦ
ȻȻתͷߵ˷ȤڣһӣջӱĿ֡
һء
ֱӰԴӴ˯չˡ
ЩֻõˣöԷ˯ø㡣
֪ûȤƾͰѵӰԺĳˣ뿴ʳķϣĳ˿϶ٱ
һ룬ƿӰ˼Ҳ͵࣬ĿĿǰ漸ɨһ£ͻȻͣڵڶҲһźϡ
ˣô塣
壬ôڸһ˵飿
ͷһضԼ۾Ӳɡ
Լ᲻һ֮󣬿˸ɵʲô
лҪ˵ƣѵǣۿ˻
ĩ죬Σǰ100ͺ~~




161 
ֱһˡ
˱, ЩԶ, ܿ϶Ǿ塣
Ϊ壬ôһ𿴵Ӱǵأ
̲סࡣ
Ժһ, ǿֱ
ɢˣ
Ƴǣ㿴ڶ, ұλá
ඨ˺һ, ãȻôˣ
ƣ壿
ࣺɣԱҲǷС㡣
ƻ˯Ϳ, ƽϤ, еɰ
ˣ˯ɡ
Ŷһ, ͵ͷ۾, ΧڵЦɴˡ
û, ֻ˯ȥҲĿӰˣʱ۲ǸˣֱӰĻɢ, Էȥ, קں档
Ѿ, ǵŪ׶Էǲ岻ɡ
žʧȥӰǴϣױ׷
׼ǰһһųȥһȦڵӰԺ棬һ, Ȼ
߸˸ˣûߣͷٲȻղֹܵǸˣһǰһ󣬿زʶ
Ʋɶ࿴˼ۡ
ԷɫͷԲññ滹иī峤࣬αԸһЩݳݳɫ͡
ΰѱקߣĸںƣۿŶԷʮ־ѣŲҴңʱͷֻû¼֣˫ٸ
ҵרƽĶۣҲ֪Լ׷ټԶ࣬ĳԺţܳôã𽥻ع
ڸ˭
ۣʶڸ١
塣Լࡣ
ԶԶģǸһǰһһլӡ
ƿһơ
·ʮŪʮš
ǲٸˣƶһҲϤóȻǰš
ֱۣʾԼߡ
˹սһӣһûסĿշӣ˷ӺԺһԾֱǽͷ֡
ûȥֻ֣ԼҲǽͷһڲǼլӣڵĸڲǡ
ûʣѾϢԾǽͷ˼ҵԺӣַǼլӵĺԺȥ
ƣ
ֹࡰҲˣ
طΧǽֱӶ˼ҺſڣøӺų١ء
˴˸档
壺
ֻ̧˻ӣϺã
ƴΧǽ£°ڣҲ¶һݲȵЦݡ
壺
ƣû뵽ôɣڸɢҲ
ķźɢдŪɢ˳㷭ǽ
Ƥ鴤һ£ӲʧЦݡ
ȷɡ
ŷ̽巴Ӧܿ죬־ͰŸϡ
һǳӰɣû뵽ﻹвҵǹӲҵ𣿡ƤЦһɰʵ׵ļơ
˵ֲЦˣȴЦɢ
ֻ뷨ֻ룬Ҳ˵Էˣִֻ鷳
ҲЦ˵ģҲȫǳӣסģСźҵһӶ˾סʹˣֲãҹ
죺ҶôǮˣǴСźģ˼ˣҲæŲطסô֪˵Т˳֪ģҤӣС͸ˡ
ЦлĹģ֪Т˳飬ֻҵġ겻żȻôԵλҵȱ裿
ࣺˣɫҲûȥˣԼǡ
˵չ֣͸һ뿪
ͷҲأһһߵ˵
ࣺݾˣ
ƣȻȥ˽ܴ˹쿴һ
ࣺÿ㣬˵ѣֱӰкۼǾͺٲ鵽ʲôˡ
ƣ˵ô֪һȫǳӣ
ࣺ˵ˡ
ƣҿú˵
ζĻҭ֪ͼԺǸãαذʯͷԼĽţ
ֱȥҵ˽ܣѾϴ˯˽ܾȥѲ֣˫ֱȥղǼլſڻϡ
˽Ȼ鲻ԸҲܿ죬ֻ˰Сʱ
絽СʱƣҲˡ
Ϊլȥ¥գ˵ǸˣͷļҲȫһգﻹδĻǣɼԷмҴңǰŸߣžͿʼʬ𼣡
һϣȴ޹˵˽ܣƶеʧ
ˣ
ֱһˣӾʹ̱ڴϣ붯ˡ
ͷ졣
е㻳͵ʧ٣йˡ
ƾȻó˵ʲô
ˣãС֮ǰʧҲйϵ˵ڼ˾ͲήҲ˵Ψûп׽ʧٸйأ
෭𣺡ǾͲǲܣǲҿܣ
Ƶͷ
ɥƽ
²Ҳãֲϼǡ
ȥʡƶ˶٣ô֪һǳӵģ
೶Դһɡ
˯ˡ
ƣ
лҪ˵εΣԿۣдеǰ100ͺ~~~
Σ




162 
òŵ, һͽӵµĵ绰
ʱƳܻ, 绰ɫ䣬Ƭ¥ࡣ
ӱðë׵Դ, һ˯졣
Ӷ֮, ֪ǲǶһ, һֱЩ˯Ʋ, קȥҽ, һ֮ͨҲûʲô⣬ҽֻ˵µĲ, Ժܻ𽥳һЩӰ, ҪעϢ, ΪԼԶᡣ
ԺҲȥ˯Ϲܼ廹ƫ˵Ҫಹ塣
˯֮, Ҳûʲô, óԳ, ˯˯屶
ʲô£㶼ɫ
˸Ƿ
ϢǻϢϢȱ˵ˣ緹ûԣû緹Բ¡
ƵͷǾ͵緹˵
֡
ôǻϢ
˵ȳ˷˵, һ仰˵ĵϴԷ
ԽĺԽǱ
ûȵ緹̲סʣôˣ
רĳԷ
ͷҲûֽ̧
⻵ϢӰԷǱȻǸйء
Ŷһ鶼תһ飬ҲͲ³߰˳ˡ
룬ƻûڣ̧֡
˵Լ£ǲǸйأ
ƣ
ࣺӰθڵĻϢǿ϶ǰ˲õĽչˣˣ˭ˣ廹ǷС㣿
ƾȷʺϳзԼעÿһ£ܻϸ΢δ©
ȷʧˡ˶٣Ϣֹһ
࿩һ£ɵòǷСҲ˰ɣ
ƣˡ
룬Լղų˷ȻһڶԲˡ
ˣˡ
ӶӦΪԼС˯Ҳûãʱ־òԾܼԿ׿ţֱӴ淴ˣ޷ֻһţһߴ¥¥
Ƿ԰ݣ¾ʵĴ̨ϡ
ûأ죬԰˳ŴԾȥ䲻һУֱӴˤֱӰȸˤˡ
һֻ߶£ϲȫˤʹ࣬о彻ӵȻͰ˵Լ񿴼Сڴߡ
ŵùǺ߶ʮһϽ˿ȻĿͿڴǰλƣϻ˯ȹ˫|㣬˴ϱʱͨûϢ
һ¾ը˹
ƸϹȥʱ򣬷С㻹ԼҴš
ˣ֡ѲҲ˲ˣѷҵС󷿳ĵЩӵ
벿ͷӶȥϾˣֻз̫̫ͷ
Ӳ£̫̫ŵһ´绰벿ɥϻһµң壬ΪλͻȻ벻Ѱ̼֪Ҳʧˡ
˴ҴҸϹݣͷöڷҡ
˭Ҳû뵽һ׮赺ϵĶŮ£ֳôıʡ
Сʲôʱģڼû˳룿ûпݷù幫𣿡
Ʋ쿴ʬ֮¥ѯʷŮӶ
һ磬ŮӶѾʹܶͬˣҲҲͷֻһһػش
СŰ˵һصķ䣬ûţ֮󣬼ûţҲڻ԰ߣʮһҪҪҹʱҵģ˵ҪߵţͷûΪС㻹˯˭֪Сط֮󣬾ûпݷùˣ绰Ҳûеģ
֪ʲôɱ˰ǲûдԬҲһ׮İӣڼӰ٣ʵԬұ©ҲʶģѱҲͬ
ʱҽʦ¥¿ֺףˢˢ
ΪСˣֳûСĺۼжܾλʣҽ鱣ֳٽߴ֣һļ顣
ǰһղ˵жܾ
ҽʦͷ׻˵͵Ѱµͷ϶Ҳڣ˵ҾͼϵӶ׽ȥߵˣԼˣ˫ȥץӣȲŵ㣬Լʱʬ岱ӺͻץۣЩָ֮ѡСϸɸɾϣϴ䣬ҲûʲôҺۼ˵־Ѿ֮⡣
һʱĬ
־Ѿʲô
ʳǣδ֮⣬˳죬ûܹʲôĥѣɾ֮ҲദѣʧٻһԲҲûй׼ھл񣬽ӭȢţۿǰ棬ΪλҪȻɱ
Ѳ澭ʲôʹ޷ǵѰ̼
̫̫幫ʲôʱ򲻼ģ
˶ֵҲòرˡ
λıλֳƺҲʶʱûмŷʣֳѯʡ
ϾûΪĶȥˣҲûϸʣϲŷҹδ飬鶼ûǳȥңȴҲţ
̫̫ۿˡ
⺢żҲڼҹû޽ģȥҲ飬߰ٸ飬ԵúܣΨΡΡ
ֳ̫̫𼱣Ҳ幫ֻһʱ˲˻ؼұţͷȥҡ
̫̫Ȼˣ磬쳴绰飬˵绰֮ɫһֱÿûԼڣǲ˵ʲô
̫̫һ㶣ɫԽѿ
˵ʲôѲ÷ҶйأһʷʧǶʱ䵽ʲôô͸˸ƵģҪԼ˭Ȣ浱˭֪ͷʲôô𣡡
˵̫̫ʱҲǸǼʶˡ
⻰һ̫̫
ʲôôˣ㵹Ǹ˵ǷҼҷŮװףǼվ̰ܳȥˣʲôҲûУʱö˶˵ģôǼ֮벻ǲ쳲ԸŻ£ʼͰбʲô
̫̫Цҷ˵óĻ˭֪ǼϷ뵱Ž̲ȴЩ᷷Ĳ֮ǰǼ̫̫Ϊ䲻˰ֵŮˣ˭֪ͷǲ㵱˶Ϲӣʲô֪أ
û뵽̫̫ᵱڰΪ֪˵ĳСȦﲻʱ˿ڳװѶԷƤ˺ݺݲڵϡ
ۿ˵ɫԽԽѿֳ˸ϽĿ𴦣װԼˡ
̫̫ǹƵģһͣˡ
Ҫ˵Ӧúú÷ʡһ£нգǲΪǵĸǷұ˶ȱð̵飬ԼúܣˮҶϣûţһҶŮʲôԹƻأ֪ʱҾͲǼͷŻ£ŮǸɨǣɥǣ˭̯˭ù
סڣ
ž
ֱ̫̫һں޷̫̫ϣˡ
ûֻ̫̫ӶˣӶ˶ˣһʱҲ벻̫̫˵־Ͷ֡
̫̫ܹ裬һ˹ȥֱӰѷ̫̫˵ڵϣϣͷʼȶ⡣
̫̫ȭߣҲ̫̫ķץɢ
ת۱ø˶Ŀɿڴ˼ŷӦϽǰ
˱ˣ
ʲôлú˵
Ҵ裡
ӻӲƵģǰһץס̫̫ͷϿȻӲܣǰæҲȭһš
ֱһ־硣
뵽Сɻ¥ţʬδ¥˾ȷˣסꡣ
ֱۺһȴư˺󼸲ԶȺⱻ
㿴ô㣿ʵ
׼ɣҪɳˡҡͷ
ֳһͷʹ̵Ȱܡ
λ̫̫ǿͣЩɣδ֮Ȱ幫ҳٵС࣬λ԰꣬һᾡȫģСʬ壬ҪǷ̫̫Ͷ⣬ȥһ顣
̫̫ͷɢУҼỤ̊
ֳ¶Ϊѣǡ
ʵֵİӣҲԸ֣˻
ÿ϶ǲܱʬģǱҳ˭֪ǲĲˣ
̫̫ѪˣĲǷûһöһʼʧٵʱҪҷֵ磬ǻҴţ»ҪöȢһɥǣҪļˣ컹Ҷӣ
̫̫˵ʲô
ۿҪæǰסֳеͣ
˵λλȱˣȻ̫̫ԸС㽻ǣǾڰֳҲСķ仹𶯣ռ֤Σ
˶ˣٶ֤û𣬻ǸϽҵɣ
ֳ˼ǣСɱ᰸
ʲôɱûĸ˵ǸģԿηúö˶˵ôɱ
ٶлҵƣϽ뿪ķҡ
첽߳ţֱԺ˲ԼͬһֶһۣͬʱЦ
˭뵽СͻȻɱֻͬʱʧ٣
δɱ֣ʧ٣϶ҲСĳֹ
С֮ǰʧ٣ڵʧ٣᲻ͬһ˸ɵģ
һ˷룬޴Ӳңͷ
лҪ˵Ϊд׵ģʱˡ_
ǰ100ͺѼ




163 
˵ͨ
뿪һŵķ, ǰоֵ·, Сڿ䲻ðһ䡣
֪˼·п, ѾǼҳ㷹, ȻҲǿԼȥĦ, ֱӾʣ˵ͨ
ࣺոշҷ̫̫ҴҸ᷷Щʱ, Ϊҵ˷ʧٵԭ, תһ־òԣʧټ汻̣, ȥͷǸ, 벻, ͵ʧνͣСײ㣬˸ӴţܲҲȥ, ô̫̫˵Ͳ
һһǱ, Ϊйء
ࣺҲʧˡ
ƣղڸ˵
廹ڶ, 飬Ҹ̴ӣƽʱҲѧУֻͷţæְ¡
ࣺȥ, ûΣЭлȥһˣûٻ
ƣҲŵĳԱ
˶һۡ
ƶ˾˸ַڵĴѧ
ȻǸŮӴѧѧЭѧУϰ죬ڵĳѧԻַѧϵһƫƧĽ
ƽʱûʲôʦãͳΪЭĳû᳡
ϵεĴʱЭԱھٰݽ
ǹЭˣСҲţû뵽Ҳʧ٣ѧƽոʦ򽻵࣬ʵ˵Ƕʵûʲô˽⡣Ǹ߸ӽкμ꣬ǹЭ᳤ҲϵĻԾӣƷгɼģҲͬѧʲôǿѯ
ϵվڽҺŵ
֮ѧУͲһѧѧȻҲᾭȥʦ⣬ʦʶңʰ飬ʦ϶ûнġ
ƻ⣺ףлФΣȥæɡ
ϵεͷ뿪ˡ
ЭյĻйص䴫˵ԱԷԣԼĹ¡
ҺãҪ΢ǣ´ҿܺҲǴķģ˵Сʱүġ˵ǰǻŮ̫ٳʮ꣬ɷӣְõĶӷʵۣǹʵۣҶ֪ŰүиˣῴĳҹǸ˺Ȼŵǽ׹£˵λʵҪˣʱֻ͢һλʵۣĶۣҶ˵أ˭֪һӲ֪ʵۺʹ̫ǰߵġ
ͬѧս£ʡ
԰΢ԹҲһţŴ˵ʵۼݱ΢䣬ǳٰȥôõꣿ
˶Цɵһ¾ɢ١
µҲûôȥ
ƶЦ
һע⵽ϵδλˣ״ƹ
ǺãǺμ꣬ЭĻ᳤
ãҽ࣬ƣ˽͵İӡ
оֵ֤
μȻ
ʲô԰λģ
ࣺ͸ж˽⣿
μ룺ҸͬѧĽҪһЩΪѧѧǳȤƽҲͼݲĲϣÿλǷԶ֮һӡ̵£Щ벻ڣͬѧ¡
쳣Ҹ࣬Э֮ЭŮͬѧ׽мŮͬѧҷӳҲͬѧ̸ࡣ֪ģָͬѧߵýͬѧҾͨ͸䣬Ҳûͬѧ飬쳵Ǿ
μĻȫͬӽǡ
໹ǵã˵ϲȴܾˡ
ȴû͵ıʼǱҵ˿
μ˵෢֣˵ѵ˺п塣
𣿡ʵ
μҡҡͷҲͬѧʱ˵ҿǱҹԻˣҲö˵û뵽˵Ͳˡ
ļ򣺡
μסֿ֣֪ͬѧûʲôͷȲ÷ңȰѧϰƽϽǹ˶ϲ⣬ԺҲһᶰ֮ţһҪæҵллλˣ
ƲźۼԷҲסҡҡ
ģǻᾡ
̲סһ¡
лҪ˵εΣˣ29ŵĸ£30Ż~~
ǰ100ͺѼ




164 
뿪, жɻûн, ˡ
ɣ͵ʧ, ɱ, йء
ɱʲôô
ѵ, ܱۣԹ, ÷ܲѹϾ·ɱ֮, һ֮
˵ͨ
Ϊ岻һӣҪ, ʱҲܲ׷
, ʲôԭ
бضʲô, ƻûҵ𰸵ġ
Ψһ֤ʵģ˲ֵ飬Է飬Ҳδؾǳϲ
˵, ĸĹϵ, رáȻ
ƣǲͬĸֵܡ
ҡҡͷҵ˼, һˣϲδ𣿡
ƣһ£̫ܣԷ鰮ĽѾãǳϲ
ࣺԭҲΪˣϲһ, ѧУŮ˱ֳȤ𣿡
ղźμȻû˵úֱף˼ѾǳǸӣĿҲΪ˸ŮѧڨȤ֮⣬ӽüŮѧֻսĿϡ
ΪͼҾͨϹ
ƣʱҲˣȥҿɡ
ϣҲҵʲô
ƶЩʼǱﷴἰĲޣӡ̣
Ȼδؾʲôһ||йأڱʼδزҵһЩʧйص
˸Ƿд⣬߰ɡ
ã¶͸Źľֻûд˯ˡ
˼ֶԷˣΪַֻͣͷ
ȴվ·
߹ȥ
ôѧţٸ
΢΢һЦ
ֻǺȻһ¡
һ˼⣺ŷҶ
һôµģ
Цˣֻ֪ҲǼ¡
ˣһϽһţƵвȥܣãһˤ
ԶȥϸģΨǱŷҶΪ㡣
ΪֻԼǵǶβû뵽ԷҲǵá
һ˼ǵ壬˼ǵãǾϲˡ
Ǳ飬ȥ֮ǰһֱţԭȥͱʱ㣬û뵽
û뵽Һûȥ
̧ͷ͸Ҷ϶ߣϸмϣѪ
ʵұȥģҵԴץҵ˵ϣҳɼߣȥ˵ϣ¼Ȩٺúòһ񣬵ԥˣ˵ﳤӦʱҾѾǰΪҵĲֻ˲٣żѾʼŻ£֪ҵ֪Ҳ˼֪£ֻöҼϷԸ⣬ͳһܡ飬Ӧö˵ˡ
踸ȥҰ䣬żһڻ飬ңɢҲƹѧ
һʱңʹããϺûһ˻ڲ׺֮кۡ
ʵҺҶżһڻˡƺԡ
ᶨģ˼˷ҲҪһˣܶҪһ·
ʵûһж
ʹܽУǶƶõĽˡ
ŶȻ
żҲڻ飬ҹھһµĸŮˡһ¾ͲǰߣʱûгϺ̲ҲͲ֪жԼʲô
˸ûͷģЦۡ
˵ΪΪʵ̫ˣҵô־򣬵үһս϶ɱˣɵүǸøɵ£ͦãһˣҲãʹ졭ʲô
ʵʵ˵Ҿˡ
һЦˡ
ƣҪ֪ȥϣ
͸һȥˡ
ǹֵ꣬ͬһƺҲ
æɱǿϣЩϴֲһעҪڵĻˣսͱڻңۻǸɣ
һӴǣСNɪˡ
ôʱ䣬ҲûϹȰɣ
ࣺƽʱս¡
ƣǹ
ࣺǹˣ˵ǹĶѧģڹϹУ
ƣ֪
һ޺ĵı飺˵˵
ƣ
˱߱߶죬ܿ͵ҡ
ҷɳü˽еÿҪѿˣǾͿʼԹ
˵٣һضãˣУйͷҲҪˣʲô¶ûУ˳綼ϵ⼸ұ˵ˣᶼŴк˵䲻ģͷĹߣҵأ˼Ҳҵġ
Ĵ쿴͵ķ䣬˽ܾ͸ںһ·߶߶
ģͻأ
˽סڣĪʲô
һɫ̽
˽ͷˮҲŽ䷿ûⰡ
෭
ͳ
ʮʮʱɽׯл񣬽ʱͣ͹١
ûҲûдɺ˭
ⶫðģ
˽ܶīɫ壬ȻסһīɫʵѪ飬Ѫζ
лҪ˵εΣϣΣ




165 
ǴĶðģ
û֪𰸡
˽ܵ쿴, ͷû, ̨˲ԣֱ̨Ƚϸ, , Է߽, ֲȻԣȻǲܵġ
ЩԶúõ, ûб̤ĺۼ, ӦòǴӴڽġ
ҷҲõϢææ
ʺɫ, ˶ɷ
֪ʲô
Ǳż, û, Ҳûų˶磬Ϊ֮ⷴǡǸϢ
˶˶, æ׷ʣô˵
ࣺ, Ҳûüֵ, Ͳ֡ڼȻ˵ԷܻʲôıҲпܻƽ¡
㲻ʲôοԷˣȴֻܿЦ
һͨͨңγᱻ֮, Ůǵͷ⣬ЩȨǰҲãСҲã޹֮һһҷûŮǿĵطĥͷ˴
Ҳֻ˰ǡ
ǡ˵ɽׯҪҪȥϷ򸾻࿴ۣ޴Żʡ
ǲȥΪǼĸǵġƵ
˲ԡ
Ƶ˼
ҷʲôҲԷȻǳġ
Ϊڵ׮ӣصע͵ʧ٣ѾǣУҲΪϴǻ׷ڳӵŵ㣬屳һŻ֯ĻԷ϶ˡ
һ硣
һλεնǰȥȥ
ȥˣпҵͣҵһеĴ𰸣ҲпС
ɾ㲻ȥԷҲδؾͻŹǡ
ȥ
Ӻߣҿ
˽ܲܿʲôߣԼϾ
ũʮйͳĻеĹڣҲ֮󣬶ԷѡӣǹŪ飬ˣǾס£Էҹ׻᲻ӣȥǸɽׯˡ
ƵͷҽѺǹ켣̾϶Щ벻ķ
ྫһ񣺡ˣҪǽӷǵС飬ҲܸṩһЩŶԡ
λүǾûһǡʲôְĹġ
˽ܼѾʼﻮֶԷˣ̲סѡ
üʲôС㣿˭ǷСҼǾ͸ˣҵΪҪɱ˭ַŻġԩͷծΪķϣܸðһѰɣ
˽ܸЦ˾ͳɡ
ûִηţֻͷβ˯}ûţ˷ǹǺҲܰ˶תⱳûһǿܳ
˽ϧúܣȥۏˮ
ȴûŹ˼
ף
ֻཫýᡣ
иζţ
øţߵͷ
ֵ˽ܡ
˽ܲţžͺˡ
ࣺǱoζ
˽ܻˡ
ԥԥսһ£ûųֻõ档
ӡζ֮࣬Ȼйɵζ಻˵˽һʱֱ治⾿ʳһ˵o˽ܾ֡ǡһ
ĸӡԺղɭֲķΧȻȻɢ˽ٿҲû˰㺦¡
ζӳ£治֪ԼǸ֣ӦöӶ
ϻаƣϸǸͷΪ£һСӡڴӡˢĳӲ࣬ÿoԱߵĸ֮٣ֻҪ΢һ£֪ǳˣ˳ϣһ
˽ܵļ
ٵ񣬾ͽˣ
˽ܣ
Ϊʲôң
ֻһӵģΪʲôҪôİӽң
ܲұȺúûԵˣ
Խĸбߣ
٣治УѲҵģĶȥаϺӡˢ˵಻࣬˵ٲ٣һ˼ҿڷ磬Ҳܲİ
֪ջİ˵㣬Ҫ϶Ҳ
Ƶַһ֪ʷ˹ɣ˵ĿԣûУҲʷ˹˹ͨЭȥЩģֻҪȥӡˢԴУǱҲЭ㡣
ǣﻰ⣬Ǹ˼
ܹˣһһͣǱΪ飬һ֮ѡ
˽ܷɣ޿ӣǰͷͷЩ𣿡
ƣȻǰæѰҷС㣬϶Ҳ֪벿˽¸̵᷷Щ飬˵⻹벿ģһææ
˽ܾɲ벿˽Թ̣ǽ̲𣿽֪ˣ
ͻȻԼ֪ʲô˲õĻ϶Ҳˡ
ЦôСԺôٷƣ
˽ܿҵĵӶǱСģһûôĹ٣Ҫҵô£С
ࣺǰ
ܿ죬쵽
лҪ˵Σ´ڤֳ~~




166 
˽ûҲ˵, ̫ˡ
ѾȲҪɽׯ®ɽĿ
ƿ, ܸܿһ||йصĵطޣû֪, Ҳ֪ôͷ, ˽΢һЩ, ֹŶЩʲôӻ¹ͬԻһ||˵, ֻЩ¹ͬȥ, û֤ˡ
һ||ξøìܣվ֮͸, չ׳, ̸, Բв֪¶캦Ĺ
ûһ֮֮٣ֻǸƽСϰ, ǡ, ˵һ̳, Ҳܴ뱲ӵĹˡ
£Ȱҵ
ũʮ壬ҹ
˽Īʱʱһۻ
黳һ˻¸ġսƷϧúܣҫ, ʱóʱ䣬ͬĽùǺ
óΪۣǱʶ԰οĹߣ迴ʱŸС
ʮһʮ֡ʮˡ
ϺȻһ£˽ܲŵñͷһ࣬˲̱
˵㣬ܲ΢֨
޹֨˰ûңҲģôų
˽ܿɥ㵱˳Ԯôͱɸȥˣ
ࣺӸѲǱ߶˵ˣʱһ·ǵɽׯͷŻѣӦϣһٰǴѵ㵷١Ǹĺ飬Ϊ˰¹ͬԵĲο϶᲻ǣѾһ룬Ǹкһ̽ˡ
¹ô˵˽ܾ᲻
ǾҶ£ҷ򸾰ɣһɱǹأ
׼ΣɽׯʲôǶ֪ҺһУҲܻӦһ콫˹ҲıƵ
˽૵һҲأ
ࣺҲȡʱ䡣
˽ܣ
࿴Ӷ޳ˣɹһЦ
ȥμӻ磬ܸɣû쵽ĵطȥŻơ
أ븹Ͳˣ
˽ûôֹۣŻžһָʮ㣬˽ܵСĸҲͨһ
ʶ̧ͷſڡ
˿Ǿõķǰ˲һСԺʮľ롣
澲ĵģʲôҲûС
ں˯ҷޣҲշתߡ
˽ʶǡ
ڴʱͣµĶ
һ
ƣƣơ
˽ܼûֻӲͷƤȥš
ͷվ˸װˣͣΪҰײҰףӳϾװҲֽĸо
Էһ˫ӶҲֱֱס˽ܣڴݡ
ʱѵϳǰ硣
˽ܸоһ£ԼͷƤȫըˣ
Ϊ˸û콲ˣ֪ǴðģǳǳԶ
סıһֵֻסŵٶ
иĸԲǴ͵ĸ磬ҼӶˣҵѣһˣһȥ𣿡
ࡣ
˽ܽһֱת㵽ȥ
Է࿴ǰ𣬱ȴģӰֻ˼סֻɭ۾
˵۾ĵ
ԡ
ˣҹȻ˵ġ
˽Ĺˡ
ûˣﳵ⣬ֻһ
й
ϹѲȥμӻ磿
ȿʼʹκθ첲קסɼ͸ק˳
ʻں档
˽һߺ£һ̲סͨӾȥ۲˾
ֽġ
䲻ִ˵ô˱ۻȻ֪׾ˣ˹˼ǱԻˣȴԼȥǹϵˣ
ںҲˣ˽ҧסأС
Сܿ쿪Χ·ûˣΧǻĽҰݡ
Ϻвٴ۸ӵС·˽˶ϲȫʱڵϹģ͸һĨˡ
Ƶûʲôƣ˽͵ۣԷڹ˾ԱߣȻһ򶨣ɵ
ӺȻͣ
˽һ
Ȼһŷǰֶ
ˣ˾һ磬ͷվڳࡣ
⡢Ҫʲô˽սս
³߰ɡ
˽ܣȵȣǸһǲҪɢˣ
ŬŬ죺㲻ϣͲ
˽ٿǹ˾ȻһҲ
ֻ³һһԷǰһ
˽ܲԣô
ۡ
ͬǴͷģǧ֮˿ܣͨǧﴫһ㣬Ӽϸֲ
˽ܣУûֵҲȥˣ
ȥţȴֱˣٿ⣬ƺ֪ʱȻˣ
ſңҪ³Ҳȥˣ
˽ܶӵȥץ
ֻûԷȴȻоָһ飬Ѹٹᴩȫ嶶˶̱²֪
лҪ˵εΣϣǰ100ͺĩ֣




167 
ĿһƬڡ
û, ûӰ
޷ֱ, ԼУʵ
ŵʶںڰƮ, Ҳһŵ㡣
ѵ, ˣ
Ժ, ƾЯŰΰѵʶƮƮε
ȻСʱԼϪˣŵײǳˮĶʯ, Ϫˮᵴ, ʯͷ𽥷, ԶõĴ֮С
ĺ𽥷Ż, Ҳ
Щ, ִѰԼĴڣҲһӰ죬ƣ볱ˮϮʼͷ
һֻա
, ů
ֲ˻Ů˵, ǲҪ, Ҫǣúʶ˹ȥʶֵֻĶ΢΢è˳ë°ͣԾӦ
ʲô֣
һʵ
ࡣ
, ӼһƬϡ
㲻࣬һֻè
šһֻè
һֻèҲЦ
ļ
ҵļҡ
Ż㣬̱֫һ붯
벻ˡ
ļ
ţҵļң
뷴ɶԷǣűߡ
õ˭ʵ
߽һУƵˡ
ĸ֣һʱ֮ûֻ˳ʶļش
ûѣ֮Ƕˣˡ

һʺţ΢ۣҲֻޱߺڰ
ڰܴȷĿ־壬Ҳ˳Уɾ裬ʧȥҡ
ţˡ
ԣҪɱֻҪһƵˣɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ơ
ָ״ģһʹ
ɱֺİ
ԼǸ˫մѪˡ
սʱ򣬴ӿǹֶᷢ۾գûǹɱˣսﱳսѶڻɣۿսѵԼǰ֧Ѫģĳһ棬ѾúʯͷһӲ
ĵЦһ
ֹƻǵĴߣҲЧɷ־Ѫϴˣڸѥɦ
һʼưͣƾõ֮Уʼձһ˿ѣΪ룬һϷ飬һԹۡ
ʱԷĽߣǡԹۡһͻᱻѣĿȨ
˿仹һδľѾǸղŵ״̬ˡ
Ǹոջض翵˿ȴôԵɵñ
ǶԷ֪Լ־ѵģͼһһ
ɱ˶Ҫˣɱƣ֪𣿡
֪ɱĴͷ
ɱȻʿģȡҳϡ
šȥģҪҲģ
𣿡
ܡĸڳա
ܺã³֮ɽׯĴ󻤷ˡ
Ǵ󻤷
࿴ظԷĻ޷԰ΣʵȴԽˣΪ󻤷еЦ
ͷ뵱ʵ۶Ʒˣʲô󻤷
ӿ׳۱ҲȱȺħ裬һ||ǡʱǿ׼ĵ㡣
Ȼ֪Сôеģ࿴ЩδµǧС͹Ӹǣܱ̫ˡ
ȻûЦɽׯʹ󻤷ϵƺԽ֤ʵ֮ǰԵȷԣȷһ||һ̳а̲⣬սֶ֮û찣Ϊĵײڣǻ˽ܣҲҵԷ᲻ᱻԻ󣬴ӶһԷƺõ
ơ
뼰ˣ಻΢΢ü
Һúڰ֮УˣȻҲ
ԷΪڲڹ֮䣬һϵдϴԣȫƾڲȻҲͣˡ
µõ˰ҲõƬ̵˼ʱ䡣
ʣѾɽׯ
ɽׯλͷжٵˣжһЮֻˣһŲ֪
ϵǹ϶ѾˣԷȻԸ⻨Ѿ˵üֵʱûΣա
ͬƺ˽ӦҲˡ
ԼԲӦ䣬ȶԷȳУپһߡ
뼰ˣİº۾
һǳǳ
ʲôû֮أȻôö֮˯ȥˡ
ڰڼӹ۲Ǹڻƴۡ
û˯ȾڼĴΣÿζظǰϴһĴߣ֪ǶԷģΪ˹̼ǿЧ˭ö˶˱ƵѣƢҲõȥûз¶ȫΪ˴롣
һ踺صԼΰ
û뵽תʲô߰Ķֻͷͬתһӵˡ
ٶȱҲ֪Ƕ֮ǰڶһ򣬶Ŀޱߺڰˡ
ʶΪԼ˯һСôûԼϽסͷԴΧ
һСӡ
ҲԭǴңֻܣֻһôǾη
ûóȻȥöԷĴΰԼ|̳ɺʶĿܣΪԼȥģֻ΢΢Ǹ˼ʲôǷԼͬѣֻѾԻ

Ȼ䣬һûĶԶڿտѸݵȥ̵Ȼһ飡
ϯ
ϳ˵ǻƻµ˵Ľɭ˲
࿴һ̨ߵη档

΢ӳղҰݣɲǴ﷢ġ
಻֪ߵʲôӣòԼѾǱضȿƵľżˡ
ţ
֣ηžȻûһƾͿˡ
ڴ˺ߣϸ۲Ĳһǰû˽࣬ԷƺҲûлɣһֱǰߴ·వɿԼɶˡ
ܿ죬ڰиη˶Ǻ棬ýš
ŬԼҪͷѰƵͷŶԷ뿪η˳Žϣٴϸһ
˵ӣ˵
Ҳ˸ĹҲյ̨ƣӳŰײİֻ꣬ʳ档
Ҳһɫ
Ѱ˼ֻɥ²ŻĿ԰ףǵΧûеʱоԼͬؽʬ֮Уǵ죬ҲЩ㷡
һ״ĴԼʮʮˡ
ⲻźۼһۣļ˸ɫľګĿֻͣǿ׺ĻˣæƵʺ沿飬ԱԼЩ˱޶ںȺʶơ
һŰˣ·˵˶ҵԼλ¡
ɲɣ࿴Լˡ
˽ܡ
µĵڣ೯Էʹ˺üɫĳˡ
˽ܺ޷Ӧ۾ûգ
᲻գ۾ģѾݿˡ
వ˵ѵԼҪµ´ɽׯˣ
лҪ˵дʱȫûעʱ䣬дŷֹ12㣬»3ŵģ4ŽɻиµģΣǰ100ͺ~~



168 
һֲĬ硣
, пȫȻ
ǵû, 鶯ǽӲ͵ġ
ֻԼӿҪˣ붯һ¶¸, ֻš
߰ΧǰĿյ, ݵ̨, ߲ͣ˿
, üҲ, ּ١ˡ֮⣬ڳҲû˻ʲô뷨, ͼҵƵλ, ֳȻ, ȴܻ谵Դûε£ȷڡ
Ҳܣѹû
ñͦ, ν, ϲΧû, ڤ顣
ͷ˾ͽˡ
ǸոǴηȥˡ
ſģˡ
۰׾ӶӵҲƵһϣֱ˵ʱκһͷ
˵ûп壬˵ô}ҲټΪ˴ںڰﲻ, ڳʪƵĽѹֺҽӴκ
˺߻ˡ
ȷе˵һˣһƬŮˡ
㷢
ǲ
ƬŮˣǸոȥûõķС
⻹һڤ飿
νڤ飬丸ĸزŮį飬Ҳл˸˽ϵģһ㶼˼ҹȥŮЩĸӵܣſС㲻ȻҲȥȢСλúŮȥ
һĻȴʵʵǰݡ
ʱ˰ã
һһۣߺȶ͸Ź䡣
ۺ컨ĻһָһϹŮҲƬͬĶ
ȥغ͸ĸĻڣֱӽ޶԰ݣֱⳡ粻ǹô򵥣˿벻ﲻԾֻþ䡣
ȴһ֣һεﱻƳ
΢ԴΨǲ쳣Ϥ
వ쳤ӣͼ΢пһ˿㣬ȴȻ˾սŮʱݡ
С㣿
㽫Ӻڱųôס
ϵˣڷһʬ˵ģôֻѲ˽ʬ͵˹
ЩҪʬʲô
֪ܿˡ
ҳ֮ͽԸΪ׾|壬նȼģ㽫ΪȵĽͣʼøģ겻𣿡
˻ජͣߵȷûȴǴӶԷϷġ
˵óߣԸϢ˲Ϊǹ֣ش˾Ǵ˵иߣɽׯвˣҽʱַʽװŪֲ
ֳ˶ˣȻӦ
ûӦҲͼİţסˡ
ΪǸγˣȻʼ⿪ѣȻ֪Ӻδһѷذף׼ʬؿڻȥһѪ⡣
Ѿ죬ѪȻûѪˣͦȣ಻֪õʲôӱ棬ʬ岢δɢζֻʬίʵھ㤣δţһʱ˷ӦֻĿɿڴǽСϵһŽֶϸ
ǡҪʳʬ壿
ʬֻһߣÿͷȴָܶ࣬ͷСѡ
ЩѾ־Ȼ޲ѵģȻȥʬ壬˶ڳԣһ˲ԵĻҲܿ챩¶
֪ʱüɫվڻ᳡ĽǣĿѲ۲˵һһ˲Ⱥͻᱻ
ǰĺСܿҲֵһСС⡣
ܴ̱ǵĳζ֣Ҫϴ󾢲סڱǸŻĳ嶯
ԱЩȴ޶ãһ·𱻶ס
ٶ
Щ⣬Ǿףӳֵĸ⣬٣ǳţЩ⣬Լˣͬͬ빲ˣ԰ɣ
Է˵֣·ĳźţΧˢˢͷÿӼ⡣
ࣺ
˰ģǿϽ࣬˽ʱ²ǸڣҲ˵ǷС⣬ȻСˣôҲˣҪǣⰡ
ͬ຦Ÿɵģʷ飬⣬˶ɵģǡǡǼǷ񱻳״ߵҪ׼
֣ǲܳԵģüٶƭȥȷŶôҲֹһӵδܷ֡
ÿӲΡΡǿʬ⣬Ѿʼطˣ͸Ⱥħڤ֮һӰ˽ܻˣǻУΣء
¾Ҫ뿪Ҳ֪ô֪Ҫߡ
Ҳ᲻Ҳ˽ս׼ȥ
ļ֮䣬һŻڰ᳡Ե쳣̶
ŤͷȥȴΧ˶ûֻҲǿס
ɫһ䣬£
ηڵĶŮӼܶҺܿ첨ߣ󱳱һ£˲ǰ㵹ǿʬϣ
ϸϸζǿʬζæŻһȴ谵һŮӵӰȺп񱼣м䱻ΰָ֮ϽܿʧںڰС
ڰҳһţ֪˱ƵײˣӴʹ֮˷
£ݴߵˣҲѹ
Ӵ˭ң
ʹ
İ
һڵӽһţʱž
಻ÿҲ֪ˡ
ǰţ£
ʱˮʱ
Ѿˡ
ֱӳסƷ
жˤһأܵҲȫײ
һԾϵȫ£ȼѸپһţĴǣԷ⧲ܣͷѾӣֱӽӵɶƵǰȺ
˭Ҳû뵽ЩߵͷôһըͻȻͰѳȼˣֱײֱӰ֮ǰľֲұΪȫֻҡ
û΢Ļ᳡׹볹׺ڰҲֻںڰͽ޹£ȥ׷Ҳ֪׷˭źá
ͼǵãš
һǽʱǰţһš
Ӿ磬Ż֮ţ˴
ոշҪ¶ʵǿǾ׵ʬ⣬Ѿ޷סŻµĸо̧ס͵һ̣ͷԼס
ԷѾûбƣ
͹˲תܣ֮лڵأͱסﶺ죬֪˴£ҲԤ뵽ԷʲôֶζԸԼһʱ˼άң޷ʱӦҺñңŵСš
Сû
ͷһϲȴһֻ֡

㾪гͺܿ챻ס漴ǰһƣŴ򿪵ͬʱҲʧź
лҪ˵е£ڲһλãˣ֮ӦþͲ=333=
ǰ100ͺ
һߣͳ~~




169 
ԭܵһ˵ĵطٰɿ, κһֱ, ѰĴۿ׷Ҫ׷, òɿ, קסĸ첲в
֮, ܳȥ˵
͵ƬںڵϹ, Ҳ޷ȷ, ͷӦжϣʮСˡ
һо, ҺöԷûС
ͷְסС˵, ּֿ졣

ƺϵ·, ںڰд䡣
ɽׯδȫò߹Щ·ռһǱ, ·Ծرƽ, ͨ˼ҵסլ԰ֲͬ, ֻҪڵսըȻѹβıݣʺڹͷ
޵޻ĵطȫƾо
ܸоͷżһ΢棬, ˵ﲢǷջӦûпͨġ
ĸ첲һݵվҪԱѹϣ˭Ҳ˲Ρ
˭
ʲô
˼ͬʱѯʡ
һ䣺ǲ
ǣҽͣҵģ
Ȼҵˣҿʱû󰭡
ʱɿҵˣ
ȴҼҼҾͨʧ֮ҵ㱨ҲжǮ¸ͨڣЩѲѰķڷС棬˭ҵģ
Ļͦأò˵ͦҲ뵽ˡ
裬࣬оֵĹҲΪ˷Сܵ㣬صذҰæһȥ
Ͱһ
ࣿ躮裬ࣿ
û뵽Լ֪Ȼͦߣ֪ң
˷ܵȻֽ֪ǻԬѪʼĩҿǴͷ׷βģͶѾˣ
ЦǶС˵׫Ŀڣʵûôġ
֪ͣɼܲסдúôҲסˣңҺöͬѧ֪ģȥ˿Ҫǩ
ܳȥ˵
ǣû뵽Ĺע㻹棬˵˽Σң˵ͽд֡һˣܻΪѰٻԴ׼ʷСġ
ֻܸ֤һ£˵ѡ
һͷܲҵĳڣȳȥȱǾȳ
ȻˬʣȴҲϸһ棬˶ԻʼѹٽУнŲӽ·ʱעͣ£ȽŲԶȥ¿ڡ
²У˺öˣԼҲǲ˶ãǿһЩ·ѾȫǣѲһ㲻⵽ǰѲߵϢˡ
Щ⣺ô֪ôģЩһֱͷ
ͣǣҰҲǴߣǷɾʱҾ͵͵ܳΪŮӣ־ֱˣûлĴߣҲûԶ
֣ôôץģƭ𣿡
Ļشٶ۾
Ըƭġ
ͷҪôƭ޷԰ΣҪô϶
ƫƫǸ⣬֪ɽлƫɽС
ڹǸӣǴҵĹʶǸͥĹ˴ѧѧ֪ʶٲȻʱŮԣȻҲ˲øС
弸ӽڨ֮Ͳ˻ɡ
ϼòڣСҲû׷ԣĹӸӲϲǱ¹ˡ
Уʱ򣬿ѯϵ֪ʶʵȴʱʱѻڽѧǷȥ;ú֡
Ҹ΢ǺǶӦĿǣʲôԼȴĲɣŲûΪʲô±Ӧ
̲סƭᡣ
ͣûʱһ֪ĴڣҲ벻һǰ;ĻӻȥЩ翵ĶֻоԽԽŹ֣ȥһʲôطϴԣұԶܿ
ࣺûм𣿡
ͣУͬѧǶҵż֮ԼҲû˼ûˡֱ˵С㶩飬Сʧٵ飬ٽǰЩŹУһɣǾҲ֮תֽС㵱Ŀꡣ
ЩܹؼҲûзϻٺܿ죬Ҳú档
ʱҲû֤ݣֻܰй۲죬ҷһ꾭ͼݽһЩڽйص飬͵Ļ̶СУѧУϿεʱ䲻࣬ʱ侭٣֪٣Ҳ֪ȥ룬ӦѾᷢչͽˡ
Сʧ֮ҵĴﵽ˶㣬Ҿһö˶˵Ĺﲻ˸ƭȥˣͰи壬׼Ƿɡ
⣺Ҳ̫ðˣ
һǻϹȻɼΣǹƥŮӣ뻢Ѩ
֪ϣǣҵʱûôֻ࣬ҲлҵС㣬һ·˭֪Ȼ֪ں߸٣ҹģҾͱץˡ
Ʋ㲻֪֮Ҳ֪Լħߣ׶༪٣ǣס壬ף˵ԼͰĽ壬ֻǰãŵڣҸʣʶܾл̲סİĽո˹
Ҳ֪ŲǷȷֵ⣬ұû뿪Ȼϣ˵ҼȻˣ߲ˣûұѡϵƷҲᵱŮ̷ˡ
ҾƷʲôңᣬ̷ʹطн˶ᱻ֮ŻȥǲҪ˼ʹȻ֮ǰźһУֻӼɡ
νľͨҩϵĴߣƻƱ־Ҳ־ᶨҲŹԵʣҵ־ûбȫƣѵʱһЩ취Ĳ룬̼ʶһѡ
ûж˵Լӱߵָм侭˶ѣ󵽡
һˣҲδͼǡ
СζƽȴԸΪһİ˵İΣǱ̶ѨСˡ
˵̫嶯ȴܲ̾¸ҡ
ΪˣЩЩˣȫץ𣿡
һԸķԸġңּ£һ±ãвٵطս룬ֻҪ˸ǣŷλķܳԵñůӴ޾꼢ͻԥΪͽ
˶٣ŵһЩԴٻĳȴȻһЩǣƩȨǮŮˡһʼҲû⣬ΪҪԸ¼Ͷа̣֪ԭһֱϲһŮˣѾˣҼҾҲܸʵģʧǣŮڱصãȴ޷ȡᣬŻԽͷ޷԰Ρ֪ҲˣͰɿܹߣƭ֪ӣϾҵôҲһЩˡ
˵˴ŲԶٴ
͸Ͻ졣
Ҳ֨ˡ
ոǳһûȥԷᷢʧٵ˵Ѿ츲ˣǶǺѶ̫õġ
ô죿
лҪ˵εΣֻܱ֤Ϸݻ㹻Σ




170 
ôһôࣿ
˵л˻ˡ
ʲô
֪, ڵ, ˶Ҳץס, Ҫˡ
ŲǲԶͣ¡
߶, Сۡ
һͬʱеЦ
ʲôл˻Щ˻ԼǺ˲ɣ
ǵĻҲ͸¶õѶϢ
һ, ղŸһܵ˲ΪֻԼ, ӦҲͶ, ʱҲû˷ֵԭ֮һ
Щܵͷ, ӦҲиһ, װԼ, ʵȴ־ġҲ˵ŷСϵⱻʱ򣬲֪ж˿ԼǿʬŻֻ̲ס¶ڡ
, Ѿ˱Էץס, ͷҲ˽, Ҳƣ˿ܻᱥḥ̂ѱ˵ȥˣֻҪ뿪ССĽ, ͻΪǵĸˡ
ЩŲȥҴң֮ͣܿȥ
һΰȻ
˶ô˵ز˾ˡ
ղЩˣǲĴֻԺ
ǣҼǵװ磬ȫɫͷֵʵʵΪЩ沿ЩмҲνʹ£Ͷ·˼ʱʶǷֳɼ֣һЩвмùģѵǳΪԺ֣ЩͷҲᱥӣﷴԱůȻʹĹ
һЩüֵģǹзҲ֣ȿǣʮ£ȶ־òˣٽ˷ųҪôҪôģܻᱻȥ
ڰУƺҧ´û˵ȥ
֪֮⡣
õĽ֣ҲǱȥշת֣¥ݣ뻹ܿգǲ³ǸԼĪǱ|Ϊ|ūԶνʹдˣֱȫû˱Ϊֹ
ܻеδ಻Լˣ룬˺עһӳĻᣬ͹ڴˣܿԶ٣˲֪Ϊ˾˶ĸĸҲ˱ʹѡ
һ뷨Ȼ
ͿݣȴʶǸɿͬ顣
ЩСϵưʵ̫ˣԬѪ֮һг첻ֽдʲôСʧٰ˽յĵ籨ȵȣȻƾն׫޹ϵˣõĻΪǣڽɣģȻȻ׹ͶʱҲ޵ġ
˵
ʵ֪Щĵط𣿡
Щɽׯĵλٵͣ϶ҲҪϢġ
ֻһ㶼ǳȺ֣ҵ䵥ġ
Һﴦڵ£ֳ谵ѹֵͬʱҲṩ˱ղӳ˲٣ںĴѲиϤ·ͣȱ˶˵ơ
ûȥϴθһ룬ʣµһ·ڣϴβҹ䣬»زȥ
ִϣںڰɢ
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·żһյСƣ΢˸ú͵ƣΪͨо֣ϨյķΧޡ
ͣסŲ
ϴԶǰûȥˡ
ŵƻһϡܲȷڡ
ǱȻֿܷߵģ˵ֻˣֿ·ʣһ
ߡ
λǰߣ͸ˡ
߳һССš
ģѲࡣ
ʱѹ˸ۣһ˿ЬףȻͳ˶Է©֮㡣
ֻһϸϸ˿ڹؼʱ̷벻Ч
Ʃڡ
˿ת£ӦѸٴ룬ְŹϡ
ͿɴĿʽ֮һ㣬ֻǸ࣬Ȳ֮һ
ƣС¹˹
Сһ£˷ͷСһ󣬹Ȼ˵㷢֡

ڽԼȥ
ǲ·
ּײᱡӦͷ׺ͳ
ӦЩ˴ġжϣܾǵϢˣҸղһ̣ͨ˯ĸˡٷͷңûʲô֮ͨġ
á
ʲôûС
ª˾ȡ
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Щôģô֪µһԼˣ˼ٰģ
ûʱ˼̫࣬ͷ˽Ͻһ·ͻ
Ȼϣ
Щɣ漴ȻֲָĻ˭˭Ҫ˵ˣ°·ã͵Թڿ󣬵Ӱ·Ҫǳױ֣ɽׯЩ˵ȫɺɫۣһһףŮϲ
ധĦţĴȻϲ˴ˣҲڱ˽ͶԼ֪ʮ£ʱʱϴԹƻ󣬺ܿͻʵԶΪڰɷָһ֡
ɲɣճţӭ
һĺۣһݡ
ͲԼͬ￩һ£վסˡ
Էߵǰվ
һ˫۾˸Ҳȷǵݡ
µļž
Ѱļž
ֻһκӶͷ£ļǣһʱᾹ֪˵ʲôźá
һЩ˴һǸСͷĿһڲ¶ˣ
ԣʲô˵
˵Ҳδؾȫûˡ
࣬Ҳɵý
Ƭ̡
½¡
ࣺ
˼׻
Էͣټ룬ûбֳʲôˡ
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ţ
Ϊ֮۷
һĲǻѾñѣ̵׼ˣȻ϶ᷢһЩӦÿԸڶԷȱ֮ǰܵ
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ûУǸղžǴǹģ·ȥȿˮ׼׷
򶨣ߣԷȻҲûлɡ
УǼͷȥңߡ
á
˷ֵ𣬶̶̼ӣͻ챻亹ûˡ
Զˣ̲סΡΡСʣô֪ǶԿڰŵģ
ࣺҺġ
ͣôûɣ
ࣺ⡣Ҫôһش̫ɴ࣬ǰŰ˳ˮۣҪôԼҲǵýͷˣһԡǺһ
Ǽٵġ
ᰡһЩЦá
ֿԣϣǱײˡ
ʵԸΥġ
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ΪƺݸЩע⵽ԷȻҲۣȴû棬Ǹͷ׵ˡ
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߹ȥͷ´ǽˣʲô£
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ںͷȸոǴҪһЩذƽשʯǽƺҲˢһ£Ҳţʽľţһʹˣû
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۾Ѿϰ˺ڰͣ˺һۡ
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ǻͷмֺãźˣ⼸ίһ£ʹȷ˵Щͻӳȥ
ƴӱǻһ
߸ϣĿ޳ŴүĽĮ
ͷͳһס
ǵŭһֱЦ
ϢҾͲˡתͷ˵Ǻźʲôʲô
ԷһߣƾͶǻӻ֡
ȥš
ɤӣүҪź𣿡
лҪ˵εΣϣǰ100ͺ
ףĩ죬Ѽ~



171 
࿴, Ƶı΢΢鴤һ¡
Ȼֻа, Ҳ׽ˡ
ҲΪͲԼˣԥƬ, Ϸ
Ҳ֪㳤ʲô, ô֪ҪҪźȰֳ
ҳ, ֲҪźˣҪͷ𷣣
ƶǶ, ˴ǹལ, ֻôôŹ֣мڵ顣
⻰, Ҳ֪Լˡ
һѳ, , ơ
ֵˣȴСˣ
ƻϢ
Ҳժ, ໹ͷ, һλˡ
, ͬѧɣ
ͺ棺ǣ
ƣǸһģúܵİΣ
۾һǸĦ˹
ƣ
ʲô߰ģ
Լӻ֣˵ıصС˵ڣȲ˵ЩˣôΪʲôûץȥ, Ϳģ
˹˹ĵͽ֪ʶıˡ
ࣺ
õľ籾Ʊһ
ûоδߵḶ́ûоܰŰͱ
ôѾܿԷǾΪṩʵĻ֮⣬̬ȱԴǣν֮
ΪʱƱֵһʱ˵һ仰
仰Է޷ܾƵõɽׯֵĽӼ֮󣬾ͱΪϱˡ
ʲôûסģʵ
ܰ׬Ǯ
һ
ƣ
Сһңһ벻ǮûǮа̶תˡ
⿿ЩӵĿջ޷ӵġ
οһ||֮޷ǾǱۺϸҵа֮˵ƣʵ׳֮˱
Ȼһ||£ǶţԸӯǮȻ٣ΪڣǣģȻҪԽԽǮô౩ŵ¹ͬԹᣬ¹ͬҲǳصģԼ϶Ҫ̵һʣٴ϶²ְʣ޼
λʹ˭ҪǮ
ƸԼǴѧڣѧ޷ʷ޽ڣҪǣҵˣϵ׬Ǯŵ֪ôڶ̶ʱڵõ棬ڳһ޾ڶԷȥļơ
˵Ȼȥ飬ǲ鵽Ƶȷүϴ϶ͷΪƷλֳĹâ£Щۡ
ȻٲۣҲҵ֮һֵɱͷؽĸӵҪöˡ
Ƹḱ֣Լ͵ĸĸоɣץͣԼаæҲܸȤ֪¹ͬǼѰµĺ顣ϷͣͻῼǸǺһ׬ǮṩӻڣȾĻݣһλѧڸа̹һչ
˵ֻԼĶδչӦòŵġ
ƵͷҸչһ΢Сʵ
¶һص΢Ц
ͺãȻ
ȴ飺ӣͷӣ
治ɫԲѣҷԽԽˣҲǽ߳ࡣ
ƨҪҴ㣡
ϺһĿȣһڣҰһ£˼顣
ζȻ
Ĵָ٩ʶڵɽȣһֻ˿ĸ߼͵ŻУҲ֪ȥĶŪġ
ࣺô±Ǯ£㣬϶ҲĺôˣϽ˵
ƣҸǣڽ꣬ԵľΣ𽥽ҵľûҲᷴӳϺ֤ȯϣļ֧Ʊļ۸ǣļ֧ǣ̶̰֮ڣ׬һǮ
ɣôô죿
ƣô죬ҸԼðţ֮ǰʾֻƱӾͻֽţǹƱļ۸ֱȥЩʽǴ¹ͬѹιģԼͬʱҲ׬һЩ¡
ࣺͷѾϵˣ
ƣʱҾͷӣƾǼ˴δܼͷĿꪳɳԿżɽѺôݰڳ̸еء
ýɵȣɶҲøɣ㣬δ̫ˣȻҪһЩģȻƾԼˣͷһƬ졣
ԭȼ֮Լеˣתһ룬ԣһĴȡ
ԣô˳̳ô
޹ⲻǸյõӦĴһѣ
ûˣƻ䣬žͱˡ
ʱû
лҪ˵Ѿ֤ȯˣһǱģ1918꿪ҵϺǸ꿪~
ĩ죬ǰ100ͺѼ




172 
, ȻǷֻǻͷ
Ȼ, ˵ӡʵ̫ˣһ, ͽסڤһ˫Ұް۾, ʱȥҧһ, Լոʶģ֮, ƺҲһ˫۾
ػڶ𵴵ƺħδ, ȻԼûбƣԱӰ, ܲĸо
оԼҪûͷ, ͻ¶ˡ
ٿ, Ѿʼ΢΢Ʊ໹ֲסæֵסԷ󱳣һ, Щѹ
Է¶֮ǰȻͬЦ, ơ
, ·ʹ֮棬ҹʹ˽ϯ׼׼ԼһСʱ֮󣬾ͻˡ
е⣺ô죿
Ϊܼν᳤
ͷæǹ, ʹ˰æ֮ҲõȵģǧѷĻᣬʲôˣʱһʹ˵˽ҹֵúܾòܼ˼ˡ
ЦҲɽׯΪǵԼˣʱʱܼʹˣ
ͷȴˡʹ׼ˣôͼˣ֮е⣬֪ôˣҲһѡ
ƣ˵ҵúܡ
ʲô֮е⣬ȫǹ˵˾ʱڸ׬Ǯƣλʹɹע⵽ˣһ棬ٸĹס
ٶҲǮʵڣٺãлҲȲ׬ǮջȻڽƣ˵׻һŻλʹװİͷĿ¹ͬӣûʲôҪ˵УȽӸֶΣ棬ͻ֪ޡߴ߿ǣڤѪ˳ʬ⣬ʶ㣬Ҳδš
ͷû˵ͬ
ȷˣʹͨ˼ҷ۵ģ֮٣ɼλ˽ܣǷ㣬ڴǰΪ˵һûҲˡ
ЦԺͣ綼ͷα˵ʲôûԸ⣬ҵҲԸָЩ·Ǯһ׬
ͷɫһϲָҾȶлˣҪǮĵطȷʵЩ
Ƴ֣ͷչȥóǩֽдһ֡
ڻеһ˺ţеСǮԭ׼֮ӵģҾøŹ죬Ժ󲻳ûзӣһʣЩǮȥ͵Ҷ㣬һССˡ
ͷֳɣ⣬ðɣĻѣմ֣
ƣز죬ͷһʶľǺ㣬ֺ˱Ĳ˵˭ҺãܻرģǸ˻ͷӦһҵҽǧɣһʹ˵ġ
֮⣬ǧǸͷĺôˡ
ԷȻϲüңٿͽǩֽӹƵ̬ȻҲΪˡ
ϸͲˣ˳һ䣬ʹЩɣ໰ܻ㼸飬мҪĻҳϣ˵Ȼܻ鷳
᣺ˣлϸ硣
ΪǸ˺Ѹٽ꣬ͷ˱ǩһЦɶ仨ȴƤ
ҾͲˣϽ׼ɣ˲ҡ
ƣ׼ǣߵűߣŲȴȻͣס
ƣϸʲôˣ
ͷתߵˣǰվһ˫ӥֱס˵Ұޡ
£˱侲Ȼ¸ңϾֻһŮѧɽׯ֮Ѿʶڰһ档
ۿҪֲס¶ڣžһµûͷתߡ
ͷ϶һָ
һԭӦǻϵβָΪʱ̫ƤѾʼЩˡ
ģͷָۣ
ιˡǷŻϱ˶ڵϣ¼ģԭ黹³ô󣬶ûŮ˵֣һʱϣ͡
ڵϣһִߵĶĿ˵λ
ʵ֮ղָΪָָ׸һ׺ۣϲǷ̫̫ˣ϶֪ǲǳԷС㡣
ڷǳֻͽΧˡ
˵תƻͷעȴδ뻨ͷǵûйﻳ࣬ΪͣЦ
ҪŮˣǶúܣǵ֣Դ壬ͷʣҪҷۡ
ַԿϣͷ
ëȻһҶ
Ʋ̲סǰץֶֻˣȴڴֻš
֪ͷΪ˵Ϸ࣬Ϊ˸ȻŵĿġ
ΪԷģ͸ֺƤ⣬Ĺͷ겻ʲʺղء
ԺҪŮ˵ָ⡣
ͷ˵꣬ջָ֣Żģˡ
Źϣͳ̱ڵϡ
⾿Ǹʲôħ
лҪ˵εΣϣΣ




173 
Һ, ૵
Ƽ˼, ס°ͣǿнʵ
ඨ˶
ǻ, Ȼ֪ʱ˶, ܹ֪ԼʶĴ, ˵ûбǣǸղ, ͷͷĦʱ, ԺҪڻͷĳ嶯
ǺܲѰġ
еһ˿, Ҳʶͷ
Ҷ, ϽѴ˦Ժ
㿴˽ûУ
Լ
, ڤʱҶ棬һ˿Ҳ֪ȥûУҪǳȥ, ֪ǸʲôڸС
Ż
û˵, ͷɿժͷ, ܵŻ
ոջͷֵʱһֱǿţĻٶȹõĻ䣬һӿϺֹֹס
ʵҲ²ʲôԽ, ˼Ҳ֪Լ׳Щʲôҹ֣ڰײֻĵһֱй֧Ųܵ£żʬζŶȻѹҲ̲סֱӾ¶ˡ
Ǹ;ԼϺˣûʲô棬λЦˡ
һлл㣬֮ǰҪǵעһ治֪ô죬һ͸ŶˣЩˮҲ˲ٻᣬȻͱץˡ
ʵֱûԼǿƷСʬ⡣
ܹ֯ܡ˻֮⣬һλׯҲǸոսӼҵĸ֣֮£йܲģи|˵ģͳЩֵģֹȷһСࡣ
ƵĻ°עϡ
ڵĴһ˲ö٣ִбնҪģֻʱӳˣһݱ¶ֻ߱Ƿʱ䣬ͷǰѵͻ
ԣǰ·սپǸֲͼ֮Ż
ࣺΨһĵľ㡣һİΣڻ֪ǻǰģܸԲĴȥоĻףνʹˣû¶棬ǴǲǻҲҲ޷Ǿ㵷ѵ㣬ջܶɽġ
ͼˡ
Ȼ˵ͽĻᣬǸֲһٽ£׽סף͵һٿᣬ˲־𣿡
侲߱ڳȺûа취ڣƾһˣǺסġ
ࣺһҸţýȥ跨ʹıڶٳʵһ̣峡ͬʱ㣬Юֱɱ棬ýӹˡһ֣ҲԽȥʱҿԸһ֣ո󡣡
΢΢ü޴ǹˣô֤Լһٳɹ
ٺֽӣֱһ˿ϸ޹ǣȴԡ
ҪɱˣʲôⶫҪǴ̫Ѩղӣ治Ǹǵġ
ͺ棺ĶŪģ𣿡
ࣺ֮ǰ磬ҳܵʱСߣ󱳲żϸ˿˳ָˡ
ͣʬΪʲô˿
ࣺӦ̶ʬģһ˲ϣһ˲ʬͷάʬ岻£
ͺ޲øǰԼһ⣬ԼʲôʣֻҪһ뵽ԼոջּȥǸ˿ȶ⣬ˡ
࿴飬ĵģ˳ֲɾˣȻ˿մʬҲҲϵġ
ͣ˵ˣ˵Ҫˡ
ΪתעϽظոյĻ⡣
ҵʱ԰æҴСɻģ󣬿԰æһ˵ģֱΪ˼ˣ
Ͷ·ץסһݣȴӴ˲·һ첻Щ˻ԸԸΪ޽֮գСҲãҲãиֿտյͨˣΪµܺߡ
ƣСʲô뷨𣿡
ӻҲ˵ʲôµӡ
ͻͦ˼Ƭ̡
Ҫ䲻Ю͵óΪɶʱ˼ô
Ȼˣ
ָࡣ
ơࣺ
Ϣɣٺϼһ¡
æ͵Ҳ˵ȥնԷֻһ䲻İ취ͻȻ·ԷԾһӣҲлᶯ֡
ȽϹĵһ⣺ȷһֱڵǽҲһʱˣһԷˣǺˣֻ֮ˡ
ƵͷŽӣҪ㣺¹ͬǰкв漰һδи棬¹ͬһЩΪ֪
Ȼǰ߹غǮƣ߹غǮ׬㣬ȴһ
ƣһὫвӣ¹ͬǰʲôԸӵķӣԺҪʳˡԶԸᣬ϶˸ӻţһͷǵϢҲѾԼ˰ţһȥųźţͻ˸ϹһоֵȻҲŷˣЩɷֵ飬ٵǡ
ʲôԼһȣԼţڴҺǾĻȹ̿ɿ
ڴѻѡֻ׼Ӧ䡣
Щˣ֮һֱǸ־մ̼ľԺﶼصڤֳϣɫɫĹޣʬƱǼ䣬·Լ⡣
ʬôģ
ƿϣ˵˵žȻ˯ȥˣɼƣ뵽һ̶ȡ

ָϵСӣǸղŶԷͽƵĲ㣬Ѿ˰뱭ȴû
СܸҳԵ𣿡
ȴǶո²ʲôζ
ֻȥԡ
ƶա
ѣȥ˯
Ȼһ˼֮ƶһ
δۿǰȴû۽ϡ
ưסļѹ
侲㣡
|ѱƺܿ췢Ĳȫʪ⡣
໹Ҫ֮ưס
ң㿴ҡ
ǿԼϡ
ıеã
˺ü룬𽥷
Ҹղˡ
ʲôΣ
̫õġȥͷͷ۵棬ȴһֵĺμһѵȥɱ㣬ǾɱģݳӵĶȴûаԥǵõ
Ρ
ƽԴӵ˿Ա߳Сɵľ׽Ƿͻأֹͣ
Է侲һƽյǡ
е֡˵֣Ҿָо֮ǰҸߣиȥɱ㣬ȴֺö˶š
ƣⲻ֣ģδؾǶԷݸģҲ֪ҵĹϵֻھ񱻿Ƶ£᲻棬׵ƽʱ׽Ķ󡣡
໹ǸоЩԾ־˵
ҡҡͷʱȥ⡣

˲Լͬͣ¶
ȻǶԷ֪ͨȥμϯˡ
һԾ𣬼ͷִϣҲϽʣµСͣͷȥš
Ĳǻͷһˣһ
Էͷ
ʱ䵽ˣҹ㡣
·
֪ˣ·ɡ
ĿĵƺԶֺƺԶصĹƾԼƺʧȥʱĸеղŵĸоˡʧȥ£˵޷Ŵ󣬵·ֻл˲ʱռ䡣
Ͻĸ֣⽨ɽׯҲǰ˳˱ˡ
ǰžˣҲٿɡԷͣסŲС
һٲǰ
ȻȻں档
ſ˰أûнֹ˸ȥҲö֮С
һԲ꣬һں档
һɫˣ̷꣬óʱΪʣòãȫа졣
վˣͬۺ֣Ӧ
Է֣λɣ
˻ͷ̬ˣĻƼҪԼطˡ
¾ʹˣ
ԷȻһЦǣӦҲغҴˣһ֮õ˲ţұԳ꣬Ӧ缴ɡ
ҲңҾȴ֮Ӧ硣
Ӧ׾ƱԶϾʽҲӴֱЩⱭƣӦ㲻Ҫ⣬ȱ񣬶˲һ񣬰мӣǾһˣ
ȸΪԸƣ޼ӡ
վſڣӦײԶ
ЩΣҪȻѲȷסԷԶԶܲͻأƶϾֻ壬ǿˡ
ҪܽӽӦף
ܿ죬һᡣ
ᣬίʵ·תʼϲ
лҪ˵εΣϣΣѼ
ǰ100ͺ~~




174 
ȻҪ֯, ƾͲֵܱù롣
¼, ó飬ӦƱյ, ԽԽͶ
״ƶӰ, ӦҲǸпǧ
ʵһʼ, ҾûʲôףֻʵʵССǮ, ǡƼʻ, Ӣ۱ôȥƺӱծ, ۳ֻŰ, ʬҰ, ȻҹҾμһ˵ǻƺ̼˼ܿ, , صؽ, 츣ˣЩ꣬ݲգǳԱůʵԵҶķԸ
Ӧ׳̾鲢ï, һ̣ͨܶ⻰ͽŽˣ̸ĶǴѧڣֻ΢΢һЦÿɷ
ʶԷⷬðӦ״ֻ˸Ƕȡ
βεģЩˣЩŷѧĴѧʼ˵翡ּܼ򵥣ǰһҪˣңҲңԲҷҪҲҪ򣬶ᣬǿԽĴڡ
ڳϥ̸ļơ
ϵܣ֪ѧʵģֲһ㣬ССֿۣȻ¾һҵȻͻӦеĸ֡ʵϯϵƵĪ֮ϺʱסľҼң¶ķֿ⣬ҲϯĹɷݡ
ԷȻ¶ȤɫӦЦЦ˵ȥ
ҪĴż룬ǵİͼһţ׳һգὫ鲼йˣҪĺҲ̲Ϊ˵һɣʱϵ㣬ɾǵ֮ϯʦͽڹˡ
Ӧ磬˵ϯѵǵ人ϯλƺ
Ȼλ˭ܱƺϯأ
ƣϯȻڱҲ⣿ǰһΪ¹ͬԺû뵽ӦĽҲֻã˵һλձ˳ʵۺúܡ
Ӧ׹һЦȻ֪ҾͶ˵䡣¹ͬЩ̫࣬³Ͳ⣬˳ˮ۽Ƶǰ̨ȥ˶ҲͲעˡϯǹˣȻЩ˴Ĵ򽻵Լˣ֪Ҳ޷˵ˣЩͿ̿ѵˣأ·帴ôпǬʢҿձҲãӢҲգֻҪǹϺӣ˭ңҲһ𣿡
˼ӦԣҲЩ˵ѧУҲ˱ۣѧձѧ¹һ㿴ȻԼ˹ãһţ˵ܻһǬ
Ӧһ档
⻰Ͷˣϵܣûˣ㲻ͬЩظռʲôı죬˵ͬйˣϾŵģݵطģѵһŰˣǰѰյţףҳѰͨнգҲ
һ
ƹѲ˫׽١
Ӧ׻ӻ֣վԶ㡣
ȻҲڷﴥֿɼķΧ
һЩ
ϵܣ˵ֵ̫ȱ˲ˣֵǲ٣ӵ̫٣Ը룬Ҳ֪жˡ㣬Ҷˣ
˵ֵܣӦ磬ԭǽСģ߻ѣҲ֪ںδ̧֣ܿ࣬ܲǸˣ
ӦС㣬λС㣿ôûˣ
ƵͣһͨŮѧץģĸǾʶӦи㡣
Ӧ״˸Ȼԣҵ飬˵СˣѣͷҲԸţ֤͹
ƹ־ٱҾлˣһ
ӦЦУ˵
ƣм£Ҳͦģ˵һ||£׻ȸĴ̳ӦᣬǲǸһ||ҲЩԨԴ
ӦЦһ£ԨԴȻеģҪ˵ϵҲûôЩ˵ԺٺˣճʱǰļʱʽͰǸʱϵΪΣ
ɻ󣺡ʽⲻѾ𣿡
Ӧ״˸ȻҰ㿴Լˣʵ˵⻹治ʽᣬʽģ͸ѧʱѧһμ˵񣬲˹ʽ˵Щʱʲô󣬿ɲҪھȣ
Ȥô˵ܼ˼ң
ӦѹصεײͯҲϵΪչʾһ
ƣڣ
Ӧףڡ
ƣ
Ӧף
ƣȽǲˣ
أϵܣҪѧǷϣǷ֮ģǵңҪɽׯͶˣǰĶϣɽׯҳϲ
˵ⷬʱ಻źۼӦĻüۣ˹Ȼһ˫´Ļȣսʱļ޲էһΪǵ
˺ĳ̶ȣܹרҵѵЩԭЩͶʲôϿѵز
ܿ뵽
ԼҲһԽ־ˣԽŵǱȫǣű֮ĿȨҲͲԼˡ
ˣҲ
˼֮ʣ۽ƳӦ׳ƵĶ䴵˿
ࣺ
лҪ˵εΣϣΣ




175 
ΪԼۻˡ
һ, ԭȵľ롣
Ӧײû̬, ɫҲ
వɿĵԼ»ܴӰ, þˡ
, ֿԷָ, һ¡
ࣺ
ؾҲˡ
ӿҪˡ
Ҫͷڸǣ¶ڡ
ͿٻϷ, ͷʮ, ˼Ƕ׵һƣ׿εȺú, ƫһ˽üȮ, ǰ
˼, ȴҲǰæӣ벻ķʽ֡
˭뵽عᣬ׾ȻǸ֮񱣿
Ӧ״֮, ۼ
ϸ۲Ƶɫ
û쳣, ûв, ոʲôû
һ飬϶ʧɫ˲䵯𣬵ƾȻʲôӦҲûУ˵
Ӧ׹һЦ
ѾƹΪԼͬһˡ
ԼȻûп
ûмŽһ
ôȤڵĹ, ͰĽ
Ӧ磬֮ǰҲ֪õһˣڼȻѾԼˣЩҲ²죬Ӧ˲ʹ죬͵û˵
Ʒ¾Ʊڳһ̾ģ
ӦõʱƽϣԾЦֻ˵ֵԼˣع˼ɡ
ƵӦ׳־ѣ˱ܴһҵȻɱƷ£չ鲻οС׷Щ鷳ġҿӦǸд־ˣҪǱСãǾͿϧˡ
ӦʲôСã
ƣǰ˵СЩϵΪֺᣬձԼδ޵ġ
Ӧ΢΢һЦ±飬ϵ֪ܲΪ֡룬ôҲˣ޶˶ǶϣȻ֮У֮¡
ƾѵǣ岻ȢС㣬ʶ׼ɱ֮ԼҲͲøˡ
ӦףֻһȷȢС㣬ûӸ£ĲֲҲûģֻΧ֣ɵӻСˣֻҲ벻
˵أǵƣڳĬĬͣҲ䡣
ԭѾѣµ׼һ⻰ȴʱı⣬С򵽵к顣
׮̤㣬ѾĴڣҲ֤ǱǣűߵĿܣСءһж᲼µľ֣ôΪλʧټֳڼſڣѲмС㻹ѹȻԼӻȥģУΪϺ̲ǧô࣬СƫƫУ
𣿡Ӧ׺Ȼʡ
룺̾ᶫϵλ
Ӧ׵ͷҲһʵͽ
¶졣
Ӧ׼״Ц벻ɣ
ƣϡ
е֣һӵĴ󺺣ϸϸ壬˲˫մѪ֪ڶһպգֹСҹ֡
ʵںһˣȻа̣Ϊͽ
Ӧ׵ϵܣѧ峵ȴġԽǻˣ˵νվǻģֻҪ飬㣬ҿԽŴȻҲܸҩõꡣ
ƣ֣С㣬кιϵ
ӦףϿȻûʲôϵ˽ºͷСĸУ˻һ˽벻˰ɣý̲Ȼ̷ӹᣬ±˵㲻ţҲţ
ǰСˣҶʱ̫̫˺̫̫Ѿ¸ͱģֻǻڳˣôĲ֪Ͽ϶ҪȰţаͷӿ˵𺳡
أи˲ΪеʽҪһճŮӣǴֹУӴģС÷Ǹ
ȻѾµ𰸣ȴʵ˭ֻ֪С֣
Ӧף˵ľ֮ȻֻļˣŻ֪ЩǷ벿ԽСֽתҵġͨ˾٣벿ֺ֣ǷһʺơǣֻṩһսɣȥϾ˵Ͼλմã׼벿ѫ¡׳һŮ;Ҳ
ƳĬƬֲֹ̣ѶŮµ˵ֱ׬ˡ
ӦҲ֪ûĳһЦ
ˣ
ƣ£̫̫ͷСֳ֪𣿡
֪벻֪ΣѾҲûиı
Ӧ׿һۣ˵ôʳôɵ⡣
ʧЦ޶ˣӦЦ
ӦףһʱתҲʳӣ˭뵽ƫĵĸأ˵ΪԼ棬˵ŮޣԼܳ˲ټͶ·ʱһ˿ϣҲ˷ܲȥץס
ƣӦ⻰˵׼С㣬ܽκӦ˵ǸˣȬˣ
ӦЦǵȬˣԭ󣬽ɣഺָ֪ܲţȷˣСΪҲսõתͶ̥ضܵóԸٻ³ɡ
ĵСҪȪ֪µһ¾Ǵӵصɣǰѵûٻֻϧһεεĸǧ𣬵ͷȻǱ׸ˣֻǰô붼벻ͨ
һΰ𣬵ڶΰȴǸƭ֣ڹٻ֮ңòףС㣬ĺͿˡ
һһ䰲ŵ˼主󻨣ȴΪΣ߲εηձ
ͽƺ̾Ϣ
ͬΪŮӣܲ̾Ϣ
Ϊѷ⽨ͳŮԵĽܷϣҲ˰״ȴ˵Ĵʩᣬʩ᲻ΨǽǮҲ˿Ȧοֹ̬ΪС֮һ
ΪԼ˿߳ӰŬȡѧϰ½Ҳ䵽˵ز
һΪС̾һְԼҪϽûȥһЩŮһͼӵ·Լڻڵпߣָ˲
ϾŮˣûôĳ̾
Ҳϧɽֻһ˲עͼڹ۲Ӧϡ
̸룬Ҳȵòˣ˫м⣬ӦƵĻԽԽ⣬ƵѶϢҲԽԽࡣ
𱣻˿ɢʱ
ΪտʼΪ˷ߣԷȻ߾輯о񣬵ϯ룬ʳӦ˶Ļ⣬ͬӰǡ
ǰԼõģͬʱܲܿס棿
ӷɿתûмŸƷκźš
ȻʱδƾͼԷ
СǸˣϧǿϧ˵㣬ôһףҲֱܹˡ
Ӧ׺ٺһЦϵܾÿϧ
ִ̽ḲƴϣƲ⡣
ƣ
û뵽Լ֮Ҳɧš
ѾѶԷʮ˴ʺһ飬ϻ崺ŵ΢Ц
ѵãκϧ֮ĵˣÿϧ
Ӧ׵ͷǵȷҲΪϧ
ƵĴƣԷûзӦԽ󵨷ȼߵơ
رץס
ӦΪԷܾڣۡ
ɫˡ
ԭǺߡ
Ӧ׸ָ
Ӧ磬ľܳΪͽǰЩѧҲٺųɮº͵ʿӽ˽ǣ֤ЩװŪƭˡ
ƵʣӦײмƲ졣
ǲƭ˾֪ҾͿԵʩ㲻ܸ|||Ե伫֣Ըԣ
һĨ΢Цơ
ô棬ȻҪһµģӦʩ
Ƶı֣ȫһŽɵͨˡ
ӦĦ
ƼԼðļƤֶԷֺϸ壬ϸ嵽ûκμӣԷԼ˵ģһͨϴˡ
ѵӦ״ͷβڶ˵ѣ
ͷͿᶯһ¡
ԭȻ´һָյ㡣
ڣ
ͻȻץסӦ׵֣͵ڶԷδӦ֮ǰһ쳤ƹĲӣֱӰݺס
ͬʱҲи˿ֱһͷϲסһ
һͷͶסϵӺܾã˵һ˵Դң
һССӵʱ
лҪ˵ǸˣΪ磬ҪҪԭķʷų~~
ǰ100ͺΣ=3=




176 
ӦƱŻ, ˷, аŤת棬ֱӾͱ߬ʡ

, Ȼ˵
˵֮ǰλ٩٩̸Ӧ׻мȤĻ, ʮǱ, ̫죬뿴һˡ
ȫҲǲе, һλ, һ·ȥҲܳͨ衣
ͷŸðСӵžʹͷ߿
ɫȳ, ˵ͳǿǹ
ֿקͽ, Լ˳ƻղ, ǵơ
飡
ǹ죬˲ѪĿ
ǵͨɱ
ǵˣǹֱǹһת׼ǡ
ɱңɱң
Ӧ׵ŵöߵˡ
ʱǰĲ²Ȼ, ûȥĥ, ´һ
ȥ
, ƾӦ׵ǰǹ֡
ǹֿǹ
弰ʱһᣬӦױץԱ߶㿪ԭӦϵӵƫˣǶ첲Ӧ໵һ£Ĵ⬶Ȼըëս, ԲϳٶȣǹֳײȥҲܹȥ
ſڵ˺ͺ½չ˱⧲ײȥŵЧӦʹŵһᣬʬ׳ǶȥһԾϲЩ߷һǹվץת۳ǹ

ˮƹᣬ¼뱾Ϻ̲˲䡣
ֻϧʱû˧ץӦ׸䲻ۣҲ죬ﻹץŸȣһڵϵ˽˵չȥ
žһ£ԷܽӴ
ͨ˴ȴ涫߻谵˶ͷ糤û硣
ԴԴϻ׷ֻܲһǰߣĹС֮䴩ʱռԾ任նѭ֮Уա
಻߶ʮһһѴʡ
ʵҲ㲻ʣ鷢չһѾ֪ͲҲ˵˸ͷĿ
Ǳƭˡ
µ㻹ǳ·һ
Ӧʹ飬ΡΡָǰ·ڵߡ
⡢ߣǰ·ͨع
ԼСЦԣֱӾָķȥ
Խǰ߾Խ
ԭÿףǽϻһյú͵ƵģܳʮʱƾûˣĿһƬڰһŲȿգˤҶһֱ첲ֿקסŷԼѾеĽݱԵ
ô˵¥ݣ
ûݺӦһš
ոջƵᣬش̸ԵӦףױ¶Դһ棬ɥںڰСأί
ҲûʰӴ
۶һţҷˡ
˻ôղҲ˸
һ͵һԴ·޼䣬ϰ
ȻȻӵղҲˣǸ㵱£Щ˺ܿͻ׷ʱ˭ܲˣͬһһ˵һñš
Ӧ׿⣺ûǣ˵عȷһ·ԳȥȥþһˮΡˮӦþͰȫˣҲ֪ΪʲôǴ˿ֻʹܽȥ˽ȥ֮ûٳǶ˵أ¹߻ܡ
ޣô˵λʹҲסأ
Ӧսս񡢺ȷ˵Ϊڣʼձֶĵλ
ͷǰ·
ױһ£Ȼֹ
ӦûҲ飬һŲ¸ݱٲиѾ
ҵĽŲ̲סһѡ
߿㣬׷ˣ
Է⧲ֱӹȥ
ࣺ
˸ϽӿŲϡ
¥ݺܳӦ׹ȥ֮ûϢҲ֪ǲιȥԼ˼ʮ̨ףŲȵƽ̹ĵ棬żˮ
ǰй⡣С
˵ұ߹棬Өɫ΢΢ӳճСںڰȴۡ
Ҳ΢̹⣬ǿˮߵӦףһƬںڰпɫ̶ˮ
˵ˮ⣿»ˮ⣬طòȻγɵİɣ
ԽԽ࣬Ҳ֣׷֪ʱʧˣԴ̨ףûж
ǰ浽ʲô˻֮˶㣿
лҪ˵εΣĩ죬Σ
ǰ100ͺ




177 

żһӦ, 
ƺĴ, ̽ˮ̶ж
û׷Ǻ£Ԥ׸Ӿ޴Σա
Ķǲ׷, ǲҪ׷
ֿ, ƺ˲
Ӧת, Լţһϲ, ֵ֪Լˮ̶, ٶȿ޳ѯ, ɳҭҭ
Ҳ֪, ǽ, ˵ԭǸʲôĹĳɵعˣЩ·, ʵͨľ·, ֮ʹ˲κ˿, ˵Ϊʹ뵽ˣ˼һ굽ͷڳ˯һţͻѣȫ
ǳ鴤ϺطĹôԶ㣬ɴ˵۵Ĺʲô, ֻ𣿡
Ӧصţ
ࣺ
ཫ
͸Ͻæʹ˹ϻǹһɨȫ꣡
ΪԼС룬Ӧײòߺ˫ڵ
Ҽǵ·ˮ¡
ɣ㲻˵û
ӦףҡһΣǲˣ
֪ں˵˵Ҳ˸ǹˣֻܼʩвš
øղûץ㣬㻹ܻڣѾûк·ˣ͵øߣˣոЩ˶㿪ǹǰûɵģ
ӦɪɪûƭǣǱʹ˴ʱԺģҲǲˣϡǵˮ·Բʯͷȥǡǡ
ǰ죬ҲǲȻ
Ҳ˲ϱˣǰһơ
ú룬ȥ̽·
롭ˮ̶ǽǻеƺͻ·ڡ
ײײſڵϣˮȥ

˳һȻںˮһӲʯͷƽ̹а͹ԱΪĥƽ
ûӦȥƷԼȲȥȻǰ滹һ顣
һ顣
һ顣
һһ飬ˮ̳һ·ͨ档
ͻȻ
һŲȿգֱˮС
ӦװһڶֻͶˮû
ǰһƬڰΨڰյ̹⣬ͬڤǣǰȪ˰
ֻյ̵ޱϤδüӦͼ̹ԽԽٿؾߣ
յӣ
˶Բӣ
һ޴ˮߣ
ͷæͼ㿪ˮöŴӵ³ˢϡ
䣬壬Ůָ޹ǣȴʮ}ˡ
ֻëҪ
Ҳ룬ǹ°ӵˮдȥ
̫û˵ȥ״ûУˡ
첲ȻקסʶûԷקζ
ק򰶱ߣһֳˮ￪ǹǹǸոճʱʹ˳ģǹȻ
ӵƺˮйԣˮʱյ̵ˮٿȻذڿУ͵ظЮֱ֮ˡ
Ӧ׸ɶɶУҽȴضã˲ᴩѨޣҲһʱסͣһ¡
ƺô˻򰶱ߣˮ߾Ҳȥ׷ǣҽеӦס
ӦŻˣܡ
͵Ƭ̰ȫϽ˳Ÿո߹ˮʯ׹ˮ̶мմֻԽȥһʯϣѸͷһˮ̶ģת۾ʧˮ̶ͷС·սǡ
Ҳ˲ȥƽǲԼˣӦ׻ôǲܾôˣֲòˮιȥٶȳˮ߿ǹ
飡
ײӵǸˮƬ򲻴
֪ΪʲôᱻΪأܵʱ׷Ҳ׷ˣΪԷƶǲܻųˣ
ˮ߱ӵŭתԴֻ۾Ķסǣֱ΢΢Դ
ƼߣҲ߹ȻֻҰ⣬ͨԵСߣԶ޷ǰ׵ľȣߵϰԶһģַӦʱζηӣǽǰࡣ
ǻΣĬɿ˴˲׼ֿܣܲͻȻֳͷ­
Ȼˮں֮ǰ㣬͵ڰ;Ѿ³м䣬ˮ߷Ӧ죬Ʒֿ֮󣬺ԥͳҧȥ
ˮбβ죬ܸȻȣۿԴҪҧϣƴ󼱣˲ӵգǹһӣ˾ȥ
ǧһ֮ʣˮ˻һ£ȻԼתͷˣˮ
̧һƣŷһŻˮϣϸǺڲŻ𣬻ˮ治Ӧմ˻ͻúһȼ

һյú͵վڰ߳֡
ʯǿһ˳԰پ͵ȥʹԭ䣬˿Ҳо͸̲סһһ硣
ѣǸٻŪˣ΢˵ȡ
ȥǰߣ͵ƻ񣬿ȡůһЩʣûüϸ
ӦһݵشʯԽȥˮʯ׵ķֲλһ·ԽںڰоƾһӯС˵书ֵķ緶ֻϧڳ͡
Ӧ׿޿䱻Ϲˮ̶˵ľ߻ʱܳˣ˵䣬ȥţֱһƻӹȥ˸ˡ
Ű˰קϵ
ʯ׺ΣͲҪʹߴˣӦֱӸ˷һȻǰ񱼣һ·Ъŵĵط
˹⡣
ǵȼú͵ơ
ĴĻ£յѾ㹻˸еů
ʯﱻһССİ۶ߣݵĸ߼
ԭڽСľ䱻𿪣ͷɢһأú͵ƣ񣬻ѹɣܷ⼫ãмذף˿ûܵˮĸʴгʣ
ҹΪѾ߸Уʳˣһʱ᲻׷ˣǿϢһ
΢΢ͷȻϿԼۡ
Щ䣬΢΢һ¡
Ҳ֪Լǰû뵽ô飬΢һˮͿʼӡ
Ʋˡ
źۼŲĸ첲͸ѸЩ΢ů⡣
ʪ͸ӦҲɪɪϧ˰ȡů
ͣؼζûеˮֻʪСȣֱӽϲšɾ¶һС鼡ڰ֮УҲصȥעӡ
ҵעλٻϡ
˵ˡûö
˵˵ʲô
ΣգװɵҪǾûˣȻ׷ֱӵҲﾡˣ
Ӧ׶øˣ˿Ѿȫ޷̸Цİ׷ˣʮˣϺ룬Ե÷
㡢Ƕ֪ˣʲôʲô֪
ƣ֣ڵĴԼ֪㲻ˣô˭ǣУǰʲôȻٺú롣
ӦżһţðŰ̾
ҵȷǸҲǱѼϼܵģҸͲЩµģ
֧֧ᡣ
ĻףҲġ
һ

Ǹͷ
ͬʱҲˡ
˸ĵһӡ䣬֮䡣
֮⣬Ⱥñ̬ǻֵ֮£͸һ˲ľ
֮ǰʹ⣬һԸΪˣҲصĽɫȴû뵽ˡ
ǣҲ֪ʲôֻܱ֪֮ܳΪʹˡڻһʱˣǰʹʵϣʹ
ٻףǱ̨ǰ߿ܡ
ǰƾ;ãǴӽԺ󣬵ףδҲ̫˳ˣʩչСûۣõԽӼ̸ίΣܸ¹ͬԺôãͲçײ˿ӷġ
ڹȻˣٻ׾Ƕҧס˶㡣
ұѡ֮طӦþģЩӡ󣬿ɾǲˣֻܼǵúˮ·ߣСм硭
ʲô磬߰ģ̲סһţ˵Щ
û˵סٻױԴҵڣӶӳǲܵģҵһУʹ˾ҵһУҡԸΪ
Խ˵Խڵ
ͱһӦۿٻֱӾͳˮ̶
ƷӦ죬ûվḶ́ŸڵһţӵӥһܳȥͰ˸סˡ
ԷΪңƲòһĺ󾱣һлعƽ
ܿƳ̶ȣԶԶҵҴδôĴܴһˣôʱڣüʮϰܵӰ죬ѾԶպεˣȴͻȻ
ϸˣ·ȥ˵ƵȼˡȻ˸ղ˵ǰ·Ǿǰ̽̽
û˵ֱӾú͵Ƶһˡ
ƻȥˮ̶ûããڰ֮У㲻¶ۼ
ܾЩ֡
ߣѵλĻףֲˣ
߿ˣǿ׷
Сߴ٣Իͷ
ߵòӰˡ
лҪ˵εΣϣΣ~~~
ǰ100ͺ~~




178 
һֱǰж
, ԼԼ
, ڿ
·˵ʲôζ, , Ƹճ¯, Ůϵˮ, ޷
ѭ첽ǰߡ
ú͵һһ, С
ԽǰԽԽŨ, ǰҲȻ˹, սǺ, 硣
ԥ߹սǡ
һֿ⡣
ܿ˹ۼԣǰİ˹, ĵ¹, ߶, ZϫFдССӣмߵܻ˵ƣһ߹ȥڹͼݡ
з滹дʱ, ϸһƣЩЩȻͳģ˿ӣϧͷûйߣֻա
ߵú
ط쳣Ź֣Ҳ֪ʲôΣգ˾ʹ˰ǷĶǻ׽ߣٰԼɼһʲô֣ƶӲ˵صġ
һ룬᲻̫߹ˣϾղڤ᳡ӳȥ˲٣ΪץɢˣҲɳ֣δؾ˵ߣҲƵһ˿̱ضͷö
뷨ң߹һżӣͿһӡ
ԼĪܱڻĴСҺ壬΢·ƣһſžӨ͸ӡ
ĪЩɫ|ˣ߽꣬ȴȻһ
Щӣһſ
ݵ÷ףν󣬲ǽŹˮͶģЩѾ֪˶ãһſŽӲ͸Ź죬ǻԹ߲ʶͣﱻһ̣ľһССϡ
࿴üʧ˿־塣
·͸ЩܿǰĻּ̿аõĺޣǱɱ֮ǰѪ󺰴еʹࡣ
ЩӳϣҲһ˺ۣʼʹ
ҲΨȫ򣬻аظ첲һֻƣͷɫ״ͷ
ǰߣЩλٿϰˣҲЩľˡ
һȷģǼٻû˵պεĻͷȷףΪЩǰֳȺϣҲֻлףôһռ䣬רŴԼ̬Ⱥá
ζȴŨˡ
ִ
ԽԽ
Ǹʲôھ׽ʱĶ
طôڳԶһȷ
üͷɻͷһۡ
ֿͷģ֪ȥˣһû֡
ȲˣֱѭԴȥ
ǰĵƼࡣ
߸ˣճһƬڰ
ú͵߽
Լиˣ泯ǽڣοӦǸŮˡ
˭

ת𶯣
ǹڸղŸˮ߲ʱˣڳֿȭֻһյú͵ƣȻ̫
ţһһʣڳԶ
ֵطԶ
ëȻȴֺ棬ԽԽ֪Ϊʲôˣתǰ͵һһץסԷ򣬽ƹ
ںڰе¶š
Ϥİ
ȴ˺һ£ëֱ
ȻǷС㣡
û
ˣҲסʧ
С̧ͷһֵۣͷ㡣
˭
ǡԷӦǲʶԼģҲͲˣ裬ˣΪʲô
С㣺ұץ֮󣬳ܣһ·ܵҲ·ˣȥ߹֣Ҳһȥֻñš
ࣺãˣϤĵţͨ򲻿𣿡
С㣺Ҵ򿪹߾·Ψһһ·ǻͷ·
˵ôˣȸߣȥǻ˵
ĥĥ䣬¾ȥһŷеĲ㣬˵ĸ첲
һɿ
СȻͣ¾׽Ķ첲ݹ
£ͦóԵģûԣǳҲȳԱˣܳȥ
Ȼ˵мֵҪȷҲˣС첲ҲԽԽɢŨζ
עӰΣʹأֽӹ
㳢֪ˡ
ҲƭģҳԹˡ
ŮĹƻ󣬲ҡ
Ӳĸ첲ſ졪
һ¡
ʲô
͵ػͷ
üͷĪؿ
Сڡ
һ˵һŤͷȥ
ʲôС㣬ԼõģҲʲô˵ĸ첲һʯͷ
ղŲãһʯͷ;óˡ
㵽ôˣƺܹУǸո׷˰졣
ʯͷЦ
Ҳ֪̫ˣþֻǴӰ죬ûżʲôζ
ƵûС
ú͵ողŵĽ䣬ûзС㣬ҲûбʲôˣղһУĻþ
ЩʵֱܸоǼӯƲȥζ˴ߡ
ǸղȥˣôȲǣЩŹ֡
ͷƵȴһͻȻ̡
Ϊ࿴󣬻ͷ֪ʱ֣иͷƺ£Է۾ȴǿģ˫۾¶аЦ⣬ǻӳĳ˫
൹һҲ룬ƿơ
Сģ
лҪ˵εΣϣѼ
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179 
༸Ǻԥ, ƿ֮൲, ּŤһ˳ȥ֮ͷ, ˽ͷ˳ȥ
Էһʹ, غ, ȻܷŹȥնݳ, ȴһ±ס
ס֣
Ƶ, ŤͷһƳȴ˻ͷ
ͷһ, ʶ, ͷһʱѹƲס, ֱ֣Ҫ֣ȴ˻ƣʲôͷ
͵ػȥոձԼߵˡ
Ҳǻͷ, Ȼ͡
Ůﾭһ, ֱڵ, Ŷʹ|
ඨٿƺûлͷ
ȴˡ
࣬㵽ôˣ
̧Ƽеɫú͵, α
ҡҡͷֹ̧
롣ǸոǲץӦΪʣ

أ
ˮ̶ʱˮϽˮȥˣǲġ
ԡ
򴽣ǸٻǸǹˮ̶ڱԼݵʱͻȻ裬һ·Ҫ񱼻ȥűǴεģô˱ˮˣ
Լѣ
ǲƭģǰҲơ
ˣܱٱԵȻ侲˼
ͷ亹ˮӿ죬Щֻ֪һţѽ
·𱳶£޷תȴܲΣգﱾܡ
ڣΣյ
ƣͣԼ
ҶǸٻ׵ļ㲻̫һǶԶԡ
á
ҽ֣֪ɣ
ң
ôʶģ
Ϊ鰸Ԭݵİӣǵһˣͬʷ˹賡㡣
ԣط꣬˵ͷһؼ档
ѧͬѧô
ﶼ޲һһ䡣
ǻƽҵ𣿡
ҵˡ
ģ
ҺҶȥ䵱ˡ
ԡ
Ǿ߻ƽͱŵߣ֪ڶصĸûҵôǱû
ûҪıҲʵؽҶ磬䵱ˡ
˵ѣ㲻
ٿسԷץȥѸ磡
ЦȻǰʧȥټӲ˸ա
أ
ʶϿȥ
ղŻڴ֪ͣʱҲˣͬʱ󷽴һԴֿȴȫΨյú͵ƣ᧿ΣŹ⡣
һеΣʵ
ݺһֱۣۡ
Ǿʵ
Ҳԡ
գߣܣոĵطûкۡ
һ¡
ɻۣûºۼ
ʲô
ƣͣ
Ѿ˻᲻ᱻֱӴ
û˻شֻпյĻ
˱
Ǵ˴硣
ΨһĴƺֻѭŹԴҹȥ
͵˻ȣ˿̻Եģ翣֪ʵþڣ֪Լ˭δ˿̻ΪˣҲٿȻɵˣټ٣ȫ޷塣
ɸһ˿ǣèצƵģĶӵûζ
Դ٣Ҫ߳磿
ſںȻиӰ
ԷפƬ̣Ťͷһۡ
ƣ
ȴŲóȻ׷ȥˡ
㲻׷𣿡
ͻأ
͵ػ
ͷվԶ
ģۡ
ͷЦⲻԼܽģûλȴͶԹ˭ܲܳȥȫһ֮ˡ
ࣺ
ͷӦң㻹еֵҲɱ㣬ҪĸԸΪҵļƷ
ࣺƥǲаѧˣԼҲѧˣ㿴ӣͲˣļƷ
ͷΪ⣺ѾסˣֻҪһһȷ黹ҪļƷҺϲƤͷԴ֮һὫƤƳߣ͡
಻ϻȥˣץú͵ƣƴ׼һС
ͷδͼڼ˵
֪֪ΪʲôܻᱻǣűߣΪ㱻ߵʱҾѾ˼ذʾֻҪ㿴ʾͻᴥһصİʾһؼһأҲ߲ȥˡ
ڽú͵ӳȥʱԺͻȻһͷСǲҲΪԼ߲֮£
յأ飬Ҳ߳ȥȴ˸ա
ͷˡ
ǿ࣬Ҳסץı
⵽׺ʱǸͷ
عĹԴڡ
õģյһ޴߹ǰȥժȡ
ΪŸ׷ȥ
֪ƳʾĹؼʲô𣿾Ǹˡ
ֻҪɱϣԶ
ҪԼȥѡ񡣡
ͷȻ𣬴ű˵Ŀ⣬ȴڸǲס
Ц
Ҳȥס䣬Ҳûԥ
ⷬᶨĽŲʹǱԴ
ſڹ䣬ǰȻг
һˡ
ȿƣҲͣǸӦļٻס
Ӧվηη̽ͷ̽ԡ
ƾǹǡ
ͱ鸴ӡ
лҪ˵εΣϣΣǵöˮϢ




180 
ڸʲôһ
ǰǻþ, Ȼ̫
˿, ȴԼͬ΢΢ݡ

ղȥˣ
߹ȥ
ǣô£
Ŀ֮Ѳ, ͣϡ
üͷ΢, Ҳͬ, 鲻ڹУи鶼¶ݡ
ǸϤ, Ȼš
ղ̫, ں㣬ͻȻʹӱϮҡƵ
ࣺˣ
ƣײһ, ¡
ע⵽ǹƵȷ̫Ȼ
򴽣ûϮ, ǰͻȻǹ׼, ˵Ӧϸ
Ӧס
Է˫ֱģʲô֪޹ģ
ࣺ㣬˭˵ѣ
ٻ¶죬Ϊ, ϶վǱ, ˭Ȼʳ⡣
ҡҸղߵ, û
೯֡
ǹҡ
΢΢ü㣬ң
಻ÿɷ񣺡ңͰǹҡ
ûôܹȷ㣿
ֻࣺ̽ҲҪȷ㻹㡣
ƣÿһ⣬ֻ
ࣺԡ
͸ٻ˾ɲ, ֮ƣ֪Ǻ«ʲôҩ
ƣм㣬ֱʲô
ֻࣺһ㣬
ƣƽҺ˭סһ𣿡
ࣺˣ㻹ֳƽʱæײβסֻϹܼ壬ʱҲȥޣպܺãʱһס죬ҽ㾭šҶ䣬˵Ҹóȥˮһ˰ɣһ⣬ҲҪ
ƣʰɡ
ࣺǰԭһ飬Ǳʲô
ƣŷҶ
ɣҲ롣
ࣺʱûܸϸУܰⱾң˵ʲô
һ
ƣҲ
Щڣ΢΢һ
ߵתȥв
ЩУܲܿЩ׷ˣǵøϽҵ·
ӦļٻҲǰλˣڶһϵˣͬͬˣ˭Ҳᱳ˭ģ
Ǿ˵ˣɱ˴ܣҲͷðͱӵڹ
ͼҪſң
ࣺҵ⣬㻹ûشҡ
˼Ƭ̣ҵʱܼ㣬һ󣬰ȹѹأߴһߣһϺ
нŲ
ϸϸ飬
Խżˡ
о֮ЩϵƺĻҪ
ʱ˿̣Ҳ޷ȥֻż˶ţ׷ĽŲԽԽ
ʱƵǹҡ
֡
û϶
Լ
ƲʣصǸʱң֪𣿡
ࣺᡣ
ƴ۾΢΢¶Ц⣬ְǹݸࡣ
߽ӹѸײڶ֮ƣȶ׼ƵĿڿһǹ
Ѫؿڵ·ѸȾһѪαһƬѪա
ıѣ¶ŵı飬ʹֱֱס࣬Ŀ˿ڻҪʹһ㼸Ҫû
һ𾪵Ļ͸ٻף˲ˣͻȻ轫ҲˣѹûǷӦʱ䣬漴ǹֱӿͷϡ
飡飡
ԷԴԴҲһɴը
һз·բţվסţֱᵹڵϡ
ǰоȻ飬ͬƣѪ͸ӦףҲ粣һƬƬѣҲ
ô֣ᷢô֣ᷢ
ͷ֪ðԺХ
ΪĻش𡣡ͷʹѣǿ
ҵĻش𣬾ĿĴ𰸣
ǡ
ʲôбǣܣܷ֣
ĴȷܸһһصİʾɻþҵõԼҪĻش𣬵ˣлش𣬶뷨ģҿԲǣȻҲǡ
Ѿͻᱻҷ֣ܣ
ԶԸ°ʾҵȻҲԸԼӼ䱣һǱ󣬵ڶࡣŷҶǶԵģڶ𰸴ˣ㵱ʱ֪Ҽ飬ҲҪҸߣˣҲߣʱǣڵǣʱͬˣҲͬĽҸõĴ𰸣ˡ
˵Цˡ
Ĵȷܸ鵽ˣѹַС㱻ǣűߣϾ·ɱϵĺˣȻҲܱӵȷб£ϧ·ӣվǰ״
˵꣬ԥǹԼ̫Ѩ°
ʹǰɫȻըһй㡣
һ𣬽ΪһԲ˵Բȱģĺޡ
˺ޣȱݺ㣬ͻᱻ롣
Сĵİ飬һȱԭĽͯŮ֮ϱȪʹΣнʳȴ޷ðԻͷ壬һԨ
ֻʹأһֱ׹ޱ޾ԼϢ˯һعţЩͷ۵鷳¡
á
һδ䣬ǵҴү
ң˸ɾԷְиѧʶܵã˵ܿҪίɳ죬ңܸˣȥѣһԣǰתҫѯļÿ
࣬ͶſȱһЦţҲѾ׼ѧѡǿӢһѧӢģһѧѧ⣬ǽߵѧм׵ѧһ̩ʿ϶ȹÿһĴﶬҲԽԽҲֵ𣬵Щ̣ɳմժµӣң֮ͮͮҲһĨССĶơ
ǲкЦ⡣
ԺһХŭ𣬺޲ܽʵһԵ
࣬ʲô
ʲôʡ
˺ҪĶ
Ҫģƺͽ㣬Ƕˣûʲô©ˡ
ˣʱ䲻ˣʱ䲻ˣ
ʲôʱ䣿һʲô࣬ǷҶӣ׳谮ݣϲƣҲѾӦҵĸ飬Ǻܿ컹ҪЯ󣬻֮ӣȻʱۣܷ֮ͼǿԴЩҶǵá
ЩǼٵģ
ܣģҲġȵȡ
ңûˡ
ҲδȥӢ
̩ʿʲôӵģʵͲ֪ûȥ
һУǴƵĿ˵ġ

ѧûϣȥϣСˣ±ӱϱӣڵͺ£ڵսͷͷ˯
࣬ͬ
ǵСʱ˵ΪıƣǱһǣϣһԶȻͦ޾Ʒꡣ
˵޵ģ޵ģ׸ϣǳب±ǨȻˡ
ԣࡣ
ҲгɣѧɹӽӺ⾫Ӣݻعͼ棬ҲҳɾһҵɱУǧ֮ȡ׼緢ĿЩ붼ûʵ֡
Ϲսɱˣ̰֮ҡڹҲڵĿ飬˺ۣʹٻһû̵սԵʻᣬ永Ƕ£Ҳ㲻
Ҫǣƣ֪ٹ¶
һԵ֣ڤڤ֮еǰ
ֻһͨˣڼ־ᶨҲ߹ǣҲɣҲԻ󣬳ξвԸѡ
ѹ
Ϊһȥؼգһ࿴ʮ䣬𳱹顣
üͷ壬ǿ˫˺һϣ
ҹʣ֣
۾ڴϢ䤱

Զ޿ռתΪŽߡ
⡣
ҡεĻԿǰ˵ݡ
ô
ˣ
Ӧײϲϲ׵ûʲô
໹еĻ㱣Ӧ˰ģһʱûʲôӦӦײɼˡ
ԺһˣΪ˱㶼ˣ
һݣȻѲ١
Ϊ˱ңʲô˼ô˵ģ
Ŀǰ治ԶŶڣһֱַץǹβҿǰ滹֪ƻʲôˣȻֹһֺġ
ôˣǸոһ·ܵǰûг·ˣֻѭ·ȥʱ㻹ͻȻϮǣ㿪ǹˣ׷׷ҺһҲӵ˫ǵԳŵڣ
üҹ
Ӧף԰
ࣺûˮߣ
ӦĪʲôˮߣ
ࣺҲûͻȻ裬˵һж׿
Ӧ׻Ȼղһֱţ
˶ָ֪ǻͷ
ĿΪʲôûбƣ
Ӧ׿ЦҪҵܣǰðٻףΪЩҪһ||ǰŪ٣֪Ķ̫࣬ö֣Ƿˣ񲻾Ͱ׷ѹ򣿵ۼƱ˵񣬵ȷܿ£ûѣͷһԼѹġ
ජƺж˵Ǽ١
Ӧ׼е֪̫ˣ֪һЮңͻҿе֪ܣھŹҵģֻܸһӳȥ
ࣺûг·ôƴɱùЩˣ
ӦףҲһ飬ƴ󲿷棬вֻǸŭԣһᣬո˵ӵԾƶû뵽ͷб|ˣ˵ӳȥ
䣬һŸ˹
ඨһȻơ
ϴѶȾˣȻû¶̫ʹЩĵĲȻᡣ
лҪ˵εΣϣĩ죡
һӽβˣȡܲܰսˣۻȥӣ
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181 
Σղû˽
ͻȻɱ, һһƺ͡
һǹ, һ˳ذ
ǹ߼ûиκηӦĻᣬֻ˰ӾͽĿ궨, Ȼǹ׼, °
Է, ƵװȻζŶеԣû, ⼸, ҪôǸŮҪôͽ, һȺ, ־ܡ
û뵽, ӵŸոմǹǹͱһɾ޴ݺײڵأӵҲƫ˹, Ƶ, ǽڡ
˵ʱʱ, ذѾ˵ǰȫƵƿͣקסԷذ󣬽һקżԷϥǣԷʹһ, ذ׻䣬ֿ죬ֱͷһңҺһ죬Էҽе£
һͷǹҲݺڵϣ˺ܿһţǹ߿
붯ȴ߹Ǿʹɵһֻ͡
ȥǹ
͸Ҫ׾ͱץסһʹ˵ڵء
ӷǺץסȥǹֱס˫ȡ
Էݺͼʹ֮ɲֻ֣¶ʹ֮ɫ
ǹơ
һȥȴǲôһ㡣
ףһףס
һ硣
亹Ӷͷ£оŶŲÿһ㶯ʹ޷ֻȥ
Ҫŵʱ򣬺˺ݺһ߿ֱͣǰһˣǹץǹڶ׼
侲Ҳʶͷһ£翴١
ǧһ
Ӱӱ˵ڵأǹһα˷ɳȥ
˫۾ǰѰշ|ǹϣ䣬غＸ˵
סԷļ򣬽ѹ£ԷͬҲסĲӣ֮ǰ󷢺ڣϾȥǹ
ͷ֮ʣĤ·죬ֲ嵽ǹˣԼĻþ
ǻþӵ˭ϣ
оʹֻϢӸס죬ȴЩƮƮģ·ַ·𼴽ѣѾɼ
ͻȻסԼӵһɡ
һʱδӦֱԷ£ʧȥ㣬̱ڵϣȻ˫ۣʲôǺںģۿֲۣ㱻˰ӶĴ
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ٻ׵Զ
Լҡͷˣûڻ֮ǻȥ
Բȥ˼ˣԼ̯ƽڵϣ͵øС
ֱ˵
û°ɣôôѪ
಻ǵԼͻȻӵϵһ¾ͱԴ
ƣ
仹˵ģԾʹ³Ҳ֪жߡ
ûȵԼҪĻش
˷·һ㣬Ϣ
ƣ
ԤԽԽŨң˻
һֻסļ

˳ȥ˽ڻ

·ϰǸɺԣʪ壬˵մ˶Ѫ
ĶŲˡ
ȥһѪĿԷнʧ
ȴ޷Ǹֻܽ§סԷ
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ܶȫޡ
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ĳһ죬ƺȻӼ߳ߵС
ط겢ã|ҩζʮ㣬ԣһ֣µĴƾͼƣ˳ˮۣ˴˲ͣ̽Էߣ̵ıԵء
طƺֹһף̽ϵܣͬԼ˹ŵĴѧ֮¡
ɾʲôʱ̽ʣ
ǲˡ
ڶƾɵݵıϣƴſڽ磬д֣ϼɺӫ
ԼĻᣬ˱һڼž˵ĵص˴˵崫ůҲ鳤
Ӿñط굽ͬǿȱѾ벻ЦգȴǵǸӰ
ûµģûµġ
૵˻ͼԼҲָԷһЩ
ټһ£Ͼʹȥһ
ƺ̾˿ᣬ
Ҳġ
˵оۿӿһֹֹס
־ڴ˿һǴǰЩɱһѪ·ľҲ޷ܷһá
гС
ҲӦùµģ֪ҾͲҵίУҲᵽһðգ㡣ӦҵģԺмʮ꣬㲻ܾҡˣҸԩͷӣһʲôȥҲ䷹
ԭһֻҵķ
ƵԽˣ翡
̧ͷƲסϡ
ĺɱԽԽңҲԽԽѾͶסţһһֻлˡ
仰ûЦȴӿɬ
µҲ䷹õ¾á
ǡ
оԼܿˣ͵ͷŶԷǼ⡣
ƵıЩĦһȡ
ֻǣܶ໰˵ڡ֪ģôΣһˣôֻһϣ
ǣȫΪϻ£ð̣ܵõԷҡ
˳Ļȫ޷
Цһ¡
Ȼ˵㣬ɽ롱ϦҲҪһϾˣʲô취ˣҾͿԹȥɭˡ
ˣȥҲûҲϣ°뱲ҪΪң񡣡
ٷϻˣ㲻ģӦҳסʹȥ
ĸ첲קס
˵ˣһûƵеΣҾȹˣ𣿡
ͷ۾֮Ѿܿˡ
Ƶı飬ô޹
ղţΪʲô˵
Ҳû˵Ļᰡ
ǲǿ£ͦгɾ͸еģ
ôһ㡣ɱ˰Ŀ⣬ЦҪЩﻰҾȥҲν࣬Ⱳûʲôʲôһˣעֻܰϡ
һ˲Ƭ̰
͸Ӧ˲־ĿƲȥ
ȫȻϾ˼Ŀעơ
ϵѪ
Ǳ˵ġ
Ҳû˿ڣ
Щˣ¡
٣ղź𣿡
ȣУҲ棬Ҹղŵȷ۵û˵һֱ˵Ҳô㣬ⲻҵ϶͸Ͻˣ
ƾԼٲ˵䣬Ͳڹۣڼͥˡ
ҵ·ȥģͷٺú𣿡
Ȼ㹻ϿңܾЦ⡣
ϸֿȫȻ޹
ǣˡ
Цǹڵ棬׼һҲ۵ŭȫйڲ֪ĵùϡ
лҪ˵ԽԽҾдԽԽ±ʣƪ˼⣬ģпգǼ~~
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182 
˽һܳΡ
ʼյůĺˮ, Դϰˮ, °ˮţ˵Ǻˮ, Ȫ, ɻϦˮ, £ĸ׻ﻹҪ, ˽ܱ۾, Ųһָ
⽥Щˣ̵Ƥ, ˽üͷ, Ƭ, ͸ƤҲսѾϦǴ̫ˡ
˽۾˵ôζ, ɫܿΪ, , ȵ𺳡
ɫ۵Ľɫ
⣬ǻƽ
ӲӵĻƽ۱ǣ״
Բ, 
˽ܸû˵ȥϸϣƵΣֱһ飬ҧ£
ӲдǻƽĿڸû
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