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벻ܵǹã޿ײء                        
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ϵüëһ⵹ʵͼ˵ҪΪӶ¬ҪȰ¬鷳                        
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 3 £׽棩

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 4 £ޣ

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һż䡣                        
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ʧܣŴǮѹ


 5 

վھ¥żĴǰĿ˵Ĺ뿪
벻һμ
ɫ鶯
ѾŹȥʼ
ܺá
ĳ׻οǰһҰ˷ʣˣô
ջĿ⣬صǰ£ȥ
׻βͷۣôҰ˵óԵʲôʱ򰡣ʵڲҹά
ղ˵ĹȷʵͦƯģҲѹִ˰һѡ
׻ĶӣСһֵͬͬܣ˽µĳϣݡ
Цˣղ͸ȥλ˭סδòײſһλҪ÷֪˿϶ˣЩҰҲЩ˰ɣ
΢΢һЦ𣬲һҲ͵Ǳߡ
׻μ𣡡
Ǳ߹شôȵϸŴɡ
¥Ʋһܽ⣬Ʒ⣬ֻӸӣɫζȫһ׻εͱû˵ˡ
վɳԵĲ࣬һʲôʳóԵģóԵģо
ԳԲȤ̫׻ΰ롣
Թ˳˾¥λε̫׻̲ס̾˿ýĹˡ
¥֡
¥ֿţ񷻣һʮַĴ֡Ϊ̫ˣ̯СҲǳַ࣬ǳ࣬ţʺòҶӵǣˮо̫࣬·ء
ֽ˵ĹǶٵµֵ
׻ִ̾˿
Ǻαأ
㲻ʲô
ֲС䣬Ĳӡ
˰ĸףȻ˰˻飬ɵķˡ
Ĺѫӵܣ˽˾̶Ʒµλãǰ;
һжá
Ǿȥ꣬ͻȻҪ뱱˾֮˶ڽֵأЩѲ֮֡л
׻ξǸ㲻Ϊʲôı˾˲֣
ǰε̯ӣȲ⣬
ʣȻֻˣҲ˵
˽ԽĬԣ׽͸˼
ղλ׻ȻЦ˵˿λҲףֻЦˡ
ʱĩչˡ
׻λظ
׽ӭ⸮Ĺ¼ӣ׻һֵܡ
׻νݸЦʷ۵ҰˣǴ˴һλСģ磬Ҫغóһ㡣
׽ûӣԸܵܣȥųҵȻʰȻ֣˵ˣˣ˵үһ˸
ȥ
ɴ֡
סѾüˣڲŻһ˲ڷǽڷ꣬ǿԼظ
׽ɵḣ˵Ҫǽղȥһ˸Уү
Цһϴżڽᡣ
׽̾Ͼӣֳȥÿ
Т£丸ȣǴ̫ⲻҪЩԹٵĵһ²һ¡
ȥ˰
˰ӻ꺮ů֣α
ε˰˷Ըȥ׼þƺ÷д
⸮˵ˣʲôֱ˵öȦӡ
˰һ죬һֺӣˣ˰æסʹ˸ɫ
˰ɤӣܵܵ飬Ҫϣֵܣȥİæ
Ķվ󣬵ͷҿƵĴ硣
ɲô׵ܵܲ棬ṵ̂棬ڸǰ˵лѡ
ЦЦ֣ܹ
𲻸ңһѣһŲǰ
ִϣֻζʱһ˸ģˤ
ףöܹ˻ϵ𣿸׸ڼңпջǶ̶̽ܡ
һ£ǡ
˵뿪
·ϺȻһƬף
ž
ϴһĴУŵŸס
ûõĶ˰Ӷ
ˡ
˰Ϊӽ˰ӿޣʲôǾһˣСûϰ䣬ֲô˵Т˳ѽܱǸãҡ
˰ɫǺ죬˰ϮѾһˣռһ϶ӲԣЯܵܽԼκΣ
˰ɷؿڣķӡ
ѪյͣԴһ֡

¬ɣҵһǮӣҴҸϻȥԪ˷ʳ
ԪԵͣ۾гһ죬Ҫͺˣ
¬ɣȭͷһÿӡ
Ϊǵһʱ䣬صң΢Щ
ιȥһƣưˢøɸɾϡ඼ûʣ¡
涼ڹԿÿרŲһߡ
ڵһϹⲻǳ緹
һ¬ɣŭˡ
ңÿιιϴ£ǳзϾȻ̱ز
ԪС¬Һǳŵû⡣
¬ɣ㡣
ԪŵҡͷǣҺáԴˣҷֵ˲ٻ
ǶԭûΪˣϲŶͷ͵ɻҲʣˡȷʵ㡣
ԪЦ޹أ̫̫á
ʮĶֹϹߣרŹӦĴ˼ң߾¥ǰЩ˼꣬²ˡСײ˳ˮ飬͵ģеӡ
Ͻ׼Щժ͵ոɲö浺¬ɣµȥժˡ
Ž¬ɣڴϣװ˯ˣµظɻȥ
¬ɣ۾
ҪǷ浿϶ıӣ´¬ɣתӣǣֺɻȥ㲻ȥ㣡
¬ɣ۾ޱӲȥ
ϸ˿ûԭҲȥˡ
浼в¬ɣĿ䵽ԪϣԪȥ
Ԫ̯֣ЦС㣬̫̫ʱҵ˵ˣֻ£µص鲻ҹܡ
Ҹȥ
سš
Ԫǵ˵㲻̫̫
¬ɣص³һûʲôµġ
ԭһãʱҲֻһԪչ
µ¬ɣѾͨҪȥ͸ϰɣڶҹӣ˶ңȥ˼ѾͷҲǿ                        
лҪ˵

 6 £ޣ

һ磬¬ɣ˯
ϣȥԪбһ˫۾ӴóԷ
¬ɣӲƾ˵ģֲģȻҪԷ
ϲһζˣöݵˣǰ¬ɣЦ˺һ麮¬ɣ¬ɣʴӣֻܱСԱ
ټ֮ϳԭǰ˵ЩҼƼѡҪ֪ͼĻԭʹٶıߣҲĸԸΪҵţ
ЦЦظ鿪֣뿪˳
ԶĲȥԺס޶飬ҵһˣԪһĸˣһԸʵҲٵļƬ˳
ǰϸͼһϳƬ̾˿ԽԽˣһ˵ôҲӣ˲ӣٳ˹ɱٰæղˣҲûȥæֹ˸ˣװ׻ȥǮ
浵س¬ɣһۣҽȥæժˣڼ˯
ϵŮһۣǸɻ˵ô˼ȣ˼ǹٻǧС㣡
⻰еˣ¬ɣĸڽگУ£ë˲缦
ǧСǸʲô˼˵ǧСļ͵ɻ
ȿȣɤӣ˵Щʲô
԰ѿһӣΣҪǮзô࣬ҴôĲڳ飬ÿҪʮʮӣѧѧԽԽ٣˼ǮҲϸ㣬ȫҶҪ磡
ϣٶǰ˵¬ɣﲻãȴ˵ǶǵĻ˶ᡣ
¬ɣҲ¿ӣӲԲûµժˣǾ˾˾裬˶ңϴ¡ιĻÿ춼ʲôٻǧС顣
û뵽Ŷ͵Ȼһ죬ӣŹΣ˵㿴⺢ӾǶģû˵ʲô˵Ǿ浣Ǿ浰͵
¬ɣЦһЦǵľˡ
ʹԲܻһڷԵģԷɣ˶ˡ
˸˼Ԫʰӣȥ׼˴ȥĲĶ
ӣ¬ɣ˵ȥһ鷿
鷿ͿŮ˵ûչ˺㡣
ȷʵûܺúչŮΪ¬ɣѾˡ
ӲϲŮͲһ֪ûֳϷƽ˾͵ʲô¶ûС
ڷִûз
ϳ˼
¬ɣԸһʱ䣬˾ˣҪûб飬ȥιˡ
ȵȡ
͵ίˡ
¬ɣЦЦֲǻ¹ǧС㣬Щ²ί
Ͷ˶٣ѵ˵춹ģǹģֻ̫ãǧϡ
⻰¬ɣûشԸ˵ϵĺûʶֻŶֻͣԼ˵ŻԼš
ӲͷƤ˵ճɲãҪǮļЩû˼Ǿ˾û£Ҫ־͹־˾˺ˡ
¬ɣǣ˾˵ʲôҲס
̾˿Ĳڼңֻ뾲ŮѾͷ£ൣ㣬衣
¬ɣЦһȴֳ˱ΪԭԭʱԾ˾˱ȴ֪˾ʵʲôֻ֪ǲԸΪִ
¬ɣֱʣ˾˵˵ʲô
峺׵۾ͻȻе֧ҲûʲôҺˣͶɣĵģҶס
ǰ費ף¬ɣ̵˾ˣ˵˼ڲŮȥǸѾͷҲУҲСˣҪԼԼ
ʹһ˵ʲôҲڲһڷԣòȥ˼Ѿͷı
Ǹҵ˼ңҲ뱾ص߶оͰ˼ҡ
Ůȥ˼Ůʲô°ˡ
ͷʹ㿴ֶˣ˵˼ﲻȱڷԣ㰲ס
Ů˵ʲô춯صػæڰ֣ȥЪŰɡ
˾ˣˡ
û¬ɣ͡
ͻطʰ䲻ȵ˵ղŸ˵ʲôˣѾͷŹֵġ
Ҳû˵ʲô͵ѣҲ࣬Ȼв׵ĵطһƽϡ
ϵüëÿһѾˣûʱƽϣǲǸ״ˣ
ûС
ЩΣŮм䣬ⲻ˵ĸо
ĲǱߡ
붼Ҫ룬ĲԺҪٵģӲһµĵ϶͵Ļ
û̫ʧڲͬ⣬ϲͬ⣬˿
ýŽʱңϹţ˽
¬ɣӴ棬ܾùֵֹģӵ۾ȶƣ̶Цӣ˯}ûš
ȥ׻ԼҲ֪ʲôû˵治֪Ӹʲô˼ңҪǲãǲģ
ĳգʹѧ̾꿪꣬ͳûյʮѧĸ
ЩǼƶȥˣЩóԺãתȥˡôһ͵Ñࡣ
ϵӴˣĲɻ飬浼ˣƸױٲˣҿѧҲաҸ˵һ㲻һȥϱ߷˿ͷ˵٣̼Ǯ졣
Ǿ˿ƾ·ȥ̣ĨӣȰȰŴӦȸŶ˸ȥϱߡ
ӾȥϱߣһһأټϷ˿ôҲð¡
͵Ĳסɣû˲С
ôϴŶùοﻹи꾫µû£㲻ڼңǰãײţҪǻģһҽҶҲС
ĿľٰѶʹ򷢳ţźý顣                        
лҪ˵

 7 

͸Ŷ˸ȥϱϰý뵽
Це˵̫̫Ǻ𣿡
ϵüͷýģϾҼүŮҵҼүý
󸮵үѾԶ𣿡ýһ裬Цʱ˺͡췹Ҳûʲô˵ġ
µͷϷԥһүŭҿмܲס
ýΪǣҪһӣЦǸΪøңģã֪黭ǿ㽻鲻뵽ģȻ㲻Ը⣬ǾˡֻҪҰѻųȥеȥ
ŮҲǼģҪ£ڻúõǧС㵱أҸ˵ⷽԲܱȵĹ޼
ϲɵӣ˵Ļʮţ϶ٹѡ¬ɣ
ýŸ²յҾ̫̫һ仰ͬⲻͬ⣿
ҧҧټһӡ
θҲ̫ˣýɫܲÿ
תͷʵҵĸϵ̫ˣҪ˼һȥұ˰ɡ
ýп࣬˺ü˰һֱϣϼҼľӵĹŮ
벻ҲǸˣİӾȻӲټһ
ⲻ֪ҲԼ뷨¬ɣȻ¬ұڵ¬һ֧һֱ˶ϡ٣漮У׹ϵԶԶǧ¬ɣĻ¿ȫɾ˸
ǰնǸƢ򲻻Ὣ¬ɣȥ檡ýʼʱǷԵģǶԷ۸ߣİϣòԥ
Ĳǣǵ˾ˣ̤˹;ٲø㣬ҪӣʮĶʵڲãΪһעӷýͷʶݺģּۻּһӡ
ýε̫̫˵ˣɲټˣ
æˣˡ
ýֵ¬ﻹø˹ĿС
Ц㾡ܷģԼҴžС
ýﾫ䣬ԭǸٻǧҪĸʱô죿
зӣڲһŮʱ򻹵˲Сˣĺģⲻί򣬾ݣҲ޲ú˼ңҲԵס
ҲǣǧС㣬޸ͨϰգΪʳͣʱ֪
˾ôԼˡ
϶¬ɣ̬Ҳת࣬Ҳµظɻϸ·һƵġ
¬ɣԽ
Ѿ·ˣһǮӣϸʱ֧һʱ䣬˿ȥ˿ȻۣԼھӳ̫ҲӦһӸ
̫ĶһҾڳ￪ӣعѣǿһ˿֯һˣ˵¬ɣѧ˿㿪ʼ
ʵ˿ѣҪҪϸģҪ˿һس
̫¬ɣһ˫ˮƵ֣ϧ˿ˣ˫ֿϧˣ
¬ɣÿû¶ԼǮԼúܿġ
ʵһգԭʱûʲôǮǿȥ︻˼
ֻ뵱Ȼˣ˼ҵĳﶼҪȻҲ˼ҹͳ¬ɣ⸱СӵģĴ˼ɣҲӶ
ֻȽ˿ЩǮ˵
¬ɣ̫˵䣬Ϳýų϶Ц⣬ýŵȥɡ
ϲϣһ·תؼҡ
̫ЦǾҲ֪ż浵ĻˣˣԼʲô㣿
¬ɣҡҡͷЦҲ
ۿɫˣ˳̫ȥ
˼գϺȻ˵Ҫȥ̽һнãҪ¬ɣһȥ
¬ɣĪ裬ڼ￴ҾС
ϵԪھˡҴ뾲ȥ䣬˳ѡ
˴ţǣϴŮֱ¥֣һҳӸһһ·Ȼϰĸ·ǻ·
ѣϲ̵˵ǴһأȻǰľѼˣΪġ
ȷǹַ꣬ǹڣϺγô󷽹
¬ɣôҲ벻ֻܾͨ䡣
ĹкԼ£λطԼʮ£΢΢һױؽĶ£̵ֻӻεۻң֮£ʹѾõļѣҲˣȴԶԶλˣμ穡
浶С¬ɣֹҶ֪ʲôʱôһѣ㿴ϵǶӣÿ
ƶôǺѣ¬ɣһ㶼ŵġλʮط̬ڵĿɲͣһֱڹά
Ůط
طЦǸƯĹ
ܴ󷽣һ˸һСΪ
¬ɣϣģôҲҲһءֻδƻؼҺٲҸͷջȥ
λطƺ¬ɣȤܴͬ˵ˣʶ𣬶Щʲô顣
¬ɣо࿴ѵǶôϵĿⶼϣ޶ۣԸͷֻ˵Ů飬Щ΢ʶ֣ײ϶˵װʵľګӡ
һԵϺܼŮߣӶ˺ü黭һЩ
ЦЦλȥɣǹȤġ
Ϸֻõ浣ȥɡ
Զϡ
ϵǶãպϰɡ
˵ĵŮӣϵŮԭǸҹ㣬ģʹȥղſǷҲλǿЩľګԣһ˵ʵ֣Ů˵ֵӵϲ
˿ʵʲôʱ͹ȥ
ٹհɡ
˰ϵı㣬ٰ¡ѡ˹˵һٿô͹ȥ
Ȼ¬ɣˣͺ˳ˡ
ýм侭ˣ˰ӣԼóһʣµϡ
ϿһСӣĻŭţЩӣºܶѾӭж⡣ﰡ͵Ǳ˾֮
Ǳû˵ʲôʱ˸ӹȥɱ̫ˣҼү鷳ˣ
ˣˡýЦ                        
лҪ˵

 8 

¬ɣǸСΣѰ˼ҸȥǮ
ӲͬڰһԻӣЩǮٿС⣬Ҫ֪ӶһĶˡ
ͻ¬ɣ;ԼĴ¬ң
Щֵǣϴμط˻ؼңϾȻûҽڰСջȥ赭д˵Ȼط˸ļǾŰɡ
浻ϲأؼҺ֧ξһֱͷϣ¬ɣϣǮﲻš
Ѿ¬ɣϵӣΪ֧Сֳڷǣô¬ɣȥ檵顣Ѿͷĸδػͬ⡣
ͷŮӵĻҲûҪԼͬģɸĸ߳
뵽ϰЩ
ǱѾϢϾͰ͹ȥ
ýһҪ¬ɣԼͬ⣬ûʲô˵ģҪͬ⣬ֱӹɺҩǱ͹ȥʱ˶ɲ
ŮӼ޸˭ǼްҪط˿Ͼ浣ҲԸѾ͵ȥˡ
浲С
᲻ãҪĶԺҪ;ߵģ檣պٹٳϻôˣ
δŮڼﰭ£ϽŮȥСסգ˳ҲԪ٣ؼҿ˼ֻʣ¬ɣˡ
ϣ˳ԷʱͻȻͲСˣҸ˻˼ңվͼ޹ȥɡ
¬ɣһܿԼʵ裬¾˾֪ΪʲôôͻȻĻҪ񣬻
仰۹ؼϱ֪Ūסˡ
Ц˾˿϶֪ġģǲẦ㣬һõ˼ңǲźȻֻǸˣǴū澣֪ж磡
ˣ
ǾˣϾȻҪȥ檡
¬ɣû뵽ϾȻԴɻڽ⿪
ԭط࿴ˣǶ浣˼ˡ
ͨѵ֪𣿾Ȼ檺ãô׮¾浱ɡ
Ϸ¿ӣ⺢ôôʶȤǷˣܼʲô˼ң벮ѾϱĸˣĻԹԵؼ޹ȥԺкӹأ
ƭ
¬ɣӲ˵Ҳ檣ҲˣΪҲˡ
ɲ㣬ϺȻɫѾ˵ˣ̧ţҲüޣҲüޣŮҵĻ£͸ǳ
¬ɣȻˣӣ
ؿһ̶⺢Ϲ˵ʲôأû㣬Ϊһ˼ң˾ǲẦġ
¬ɣЦһ¬ն¬ҵ黹ֲ
ϣ£˾ˣ¬ҵЩйܹ㸸ĸˣ׾˾׾쾭壬û˻˵л
¬ɣˤӣھ˶ңպ󶭼Ҳٸҵ顣
ϼס㲻ߣ
¬ɣͻȻһͷĿѣվȣвԤС
ȻͼЦҩȻá
¬ɣ߬ȭͷȥϣȴֻػ䣬ͬģǱˡ
ϷڴϣЦĲˮҩûʲô͹ԹԵģ޵ǶŮ£֪ɡ
¬ɣǺñӣʱǸˡ
¬ɣǽ첻Ӧеصز飬˰˰ٱ顣
Ǵˡ
ΪʲôἱҴҵȥϱ߷˿ýųңپط˵࿴ʵѾǳˡ
ȻʱԼҪСĽǵ׻ǺҪһ顣
ǹŴڣŮӵĳƺĳĳϡŮӼӵĴڣ޸ĸνԶУ˿̶ȷʵΪĻ
ֻôҲû뵽ϾȻֶΡϵĵˡ
¬ɣԴһƬ磬֪ôźãʹһҧ⣬һɴʹϮˡ
侲һܻţûͶ·ľء
ϱŶ£ɼӦǲͬµģ¬лף취ϵǱߵףֻ˿ϳ棬¬ҵ飬ҹܲסϽ͵Ҳ򲮾˳壬ȨƣĸԸΪ檵ŮӶǣûҪѡôһͷ
¬ɣѿֵܳһ飬˿ͷȻֱֻһһˡ
֪ϸʲôҩҩЧܴ󡣴ѹ¬ɣȻģֻܿ˷·
ǰͣһ
ƿýһ¬ɣȻԸ·
ýЦȥҼСϴ磬Ȼ˼ʱһСӽС͹ȥ̫̫ͷģһѾ׵ˡ
¬ɣ˿һۣԱ۾ǡ
ýŶϵСҼĴӿ϶ϲġ
¬ɣ°ͣЦСԺǹˣԺĸ֮պˮҪھӴ
¬ɣ͵߷磬ţ࿴һˣͿԽҹķ³
û׸˵ûУĿ׼Ը顣
СƢͦ
̾˿˵벻ͨء
ǸɵýЦһͨͷûôá˲ʱһԿࣻһ̾ͻ檻㶪һߡŮ˵ģ࣬βԼһ㣬¬СӣΪһŮǲкء
ý˵컨׹¬ɣֻ
ܿʹӰŽǡýŵļҾڱڱ
֮ϴ磬ϸ¬ɣһۺɫ£ͷɸ״
ý߸߹εۣ¬ɣŭĿӡ
ýЦźÿأСԺ˼Ҽ檣ҪЩҪ˳źá
Ҷˡ¬ɣ
ýѾͷһӵ¬ɣһ⣬ȥõڶʱѾˡ
ˣˣԶͦÿ
¬ɣףǴҪԱָ
ˮι¬ɣȷˮǲǼ˵㶫˳ӵˮǶ⣬ûȥȻ˲ע⣬͵͵³
չʱýŽݣ˿ͷ¬ɣͷϣ˵ʱˣСϽӰɡ
˷¬ɣ˲಼Сӣ֮вţýϲġ
ýżԾɴǼɫӣȤ̫̫ôһעӣβԼѡͷ棿
ϳ˳°ڣЩã̫˰ɣ˵鶼ֱ׵˵ε˵ʲôѽΪһ˼ҡ
ǣǣ˼ңýЦ˵Ǵأ⼸ﶼ㹻ˣ
Խ˵ԽףҲ飬˼æţҼﻹ飬Ȼȥˡ
ȵȣһ׮Ҫ̫̫ء
ýϽݣҳһֽϣ̫̫Ѻɡ
סˣѾѺ𣿡
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ֽϸһ飬ڨЦôⶫûҪѺɡ
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ֽдίýΪŮһżңŮ벮Ϊһ£ȫ֪ѵõ
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˽⣬ϳţЦҾ浵£ϣҿ϶Ҽ˼ҳѡ
ϴŹýš
ȴ¶˾ģ浵Ļ¿ɲӰſˣӷһš
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¬ɣ鷳Ѿֶһӡ
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һֻԽԽá

ڹֵأֱҹŻؼҡ
ƺղͬ¹˼
׽׻ֵЦ׻ΣüŪۣصġ
Ǹ治סˣҪʣԼͰ˵ˡ
ʶ֪£ǹⲻֻǷԸ׽ȥɡ
׽Լĳܵ裬ˣֻûûζģҽտһ²Ʒڸ
ֹѾȥ˳
׻εɫҲˣæˣˣһ¡
ʳΪ죬ʲôҲȳ˷˵϶ߡ
׻ΰ̾ü
ǰЩӣҰ˳˿Ұ㣬Ұһͣ絽Ұˣ࣬׻ε۾ɫˣò׳ҰˣҪʼ²ݱˡ
ɣյȥ¥̱Ӳܸο˵θ                        
лҪ˵ϻһ

 9 £׽棩

׽ȥ˳ûã˳һ
ǵˣ
׻νҿӣһζӭһüһѪˣȻзԣ
׽һʢһ룬ѻзüʱöأȳԣ
ѣзѵõĶҼ۹
ĸǰе˽ټٺ»Ӳסȱá
ײ϶ĸµ˽Ŀ֧Ǵٺ»ЩǮճһЩѼûⰡɽ亣ȴ
׻֪޾ǵʹ졣
ֻھͷ¿ӣĸǱ͹İɣ
׽̵ͷûе˵͹òգ׷Ŷ˷ˡ
ֵܵĸĸ׵Ѿͷڻɸ̷ˣżֵܵ壬͵㶫
ɫްŵǱԺЩˡ
á׽Ӧ죬ֵʵͦġ
ˡ
׽Ȱ䣬궫׻סӣ磬ٸʢһ롣
ôһϣҲԼҪ˵Ļ
¿ӣȥһ鷿
ȥֵһ׮
Ǹ˵飬Ǵ˲˰ɣ
׻γԱ㣬Цο϶ˡҲãӴ˻طǾһľϲ˵òɣǱ߸ǧѡĿ˶
׽üͷɷ˵͸һҹҲһ͹ֻһʱûкʵġ
׻δЦһɽݶοֻĸϻԺǸɾˣ
׽ôÿһۣҿǲĹԺɸĹǴ˶ϲġ
үԸ׵͸Ůˣ˸òգ˵Σ˻Ҫźá׻ƤЦ˵
ھͰڴ˵Էܣȥ˵һ
׻ȥԼȥ˵
׻ֱ׳˵Ǵ˵ĳ棬̴ˣ²ȥ˵˭ȥˣˣһ¡
ʰϵȥ˳
׻ˣӦҲû극˳һѻзȥ·
¬ɣĶˡ
ӱһ죬ټҩЧڻûһ˿ֻڴϣԺﾲĵģ̫С˰Ҳûл
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Сڳ߹հᣬһԺӣģ˰ͽݾ뿪ˣ֮ͷ·ˣһ˹ش
ˡ
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¬ɣǼܿͰֵ꣬ܰҵˮ𣿡
һˮ¬ɣ๾غꡣ
лл
Сˣˡʰгš
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ô˵أ
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Ȼ˺þҲ˹©˼ˣת˰ɣôû
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¬ɣȻۼˣ۾Ȼ˯˹ȥ

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վ˺һȥԡϴȻط
ԼԷƽʱҲֻ˯˯ѡݺûеƣֱ˴
һĶ̾ѣ϶Ѹ٣ס˵ĲӣֵƤϸۣȻ׹
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ģʹȳȥ鷿պһҹٽŲȥ
¬ɣȹˣƽ̧ͷ
һֱֻűӻǰһֻ߬СΣŭĿ
ֿܣôҲû뵽˽ݵĵһҪ
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¬ɣ̲סЦû뵽Լࡣ
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Ҳ롪
ס
ͬʱڣԷ˵ֶסˡ
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˵˵
Ҹ檣ǱˣдһȥĸԸС檵˶ǣһ¬ɣž˵һͨ
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ô򵥣
ô˵¥ּƺˡ
ô
¬ɣҿ϶˵ǲ滰.
·𿴳ĻˣûбҪƭ㡣
¬ɣӵ˱ӣ㱣֤Լң
۾ɵôģֻС¹һɷǿɰ
ͻȻ˶Ū˼սЦҷ㳤ûڸıˣȻϴˣҾûһɡ

¬ɣһ
ʧЦˣղŶ棬ҴǿŮˡȥס
ң
¬ɣмôҿ϶ǻزȥˡ
ҡҡͷûмңҲ֪ȥ
㲻ס˾˼𣿡
ô֪סҾ˾˼ң¬ɣɻ
򶨵ػصҸǱߵ˵ġ
¬ɣͷ૵Ҿ˾˳Զţ轫ԼҲ֪ȥûмңûˡ
תͣͷļſˡ
ٴ󳼵ļңЩҾūЩŮû£ǼûˣǮҲûˣЩŮǵ³ͨù¬ĹŮˡ
Ͷ˼ҡ˾˾ĸǲȣһͻˡ
ôסգ˾˻㡣˵
⵹¬ɣˣͦ˵ġ
ʧûʵ֪ҾǼңһ˶ӣ𣿡
һҪûɲܹⱻ˷ū͡                        
лҪ˵

 10 £׽棩

ǲ͹ģ¡˶ǰŮй֮ԵһŲ֪
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ҡҡͷҲ̫ٸ㡣
ѾǲеĴˣ¬ɣʹͷֳϿҵ˵л㡣
ѹ˿̰Ų̫ˣ˵Ъţ㻻ס
¬ɣɫһ죬һͲŮӵĹ뷿ӦռԷ
˵ųȥˡ
¬ɣӵű£ıӴӵůġȻһİĵطȴð̤ʵٱڶʱĶˡ
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¬ɣ˼ɷһϿĽ֣˿һ㶼
ѽղʲôҲü¬ɣ˼Ʈɣ˯С
һ磬¬ɣˣˬҩЧӦȫʧˡ
ʰԼųȥԺһȦֻͷ衣
֣ԺӵطСǼûʲôˡ
ˣ¬ɣȥææСˣ¶ģԼС
¬ɣЦû¶Ұˣôûп˰
û֮ǰԺͳҲĸˣǴֵܹû
ˣ¬ɣȥ˳
Ȼ˼ҵĳǲͬưһӦȫ˵ʽ֣С⵶񵶣ƽ󣬳ĽһŴͷŸʽĵζƷϣƤҶ㡢㡢ĩһЩϲֵϡ
˾ȻǸʳˡ
¬ɣҲ࿴ӦǸز¶Ĵ˵дС
ϴɾģֽĵˮϺϴϺʣȻ󣬾ûȻˡ
緹𣿡
˵ŶֻǸϴɨˣܹܸķ̫ڣ˳Բߡ
ԭĴܹܰ
ò뱸ĳ¬ɣʵڼͣ裺ҿ𣿡
ȻûⰡСˣ
λСͦϽĵģ֪Ҫȥֺôˡ
Сʲôģʵ̫߳ܣ¬ɣ費ҪôԼΪбһҪСˣ¬ɣֻȥˡ
ӣʲô緹
ʵĲġϺʡȵȣ¬ɣܿˡ
ߦƤٽϺ㹽ֱ࣬ȣӽ͡εͣԪ״Ĵ⽣¬ɣһʮ
Ψֲû˼֥飬㼫ˡ
ͬྣ˳̽⸮
ǺòײһԸԵˣԼ֪ĶһԶ¬ɣ
Ǵ˰ҵĴӣһ֣ѽǲǱ߼ηġ
ѹͣ˵Ǳߵķ˲Ǵ˵ĸף˵ĸ벮ү޸˵ɡ
¬ɣԲһլϷεĲĻԭ䣬ճҲӡ
ǴδȢӴ
һҿ㣬ŬסǴĵ˵
¬ɣ˿ԭˡ
㰡㡪
סˣ˴ǡСˣ
¬ɣҲϣܹܰɣ緹ˣ˳ļ⽵ף𣿡
ɡԡ׽ܲ˼ҽˡ
¬ɣձ˵
¬ɣں߽꣬æӭȥЦˣ緹ԣ
Цģ죬ǸͰ͵Ĺƺˡ
ɫءšһ
ں׻ε㣬϶óԣллСˡ
һڸɵһ⽣̵ͲͣҲ³һ¶ǣ̾һóԣ
ȻȤ磬ҾøҪʧҵˣ
ƽôĶݣ¬ɣԾҪûʲôǮֻڱĵط
¬ɣ۾ŴʱעĿڴƿ˵ˣҪҸã
˵꣬ĵһСӣһף׼ֵҪҪ
׼ֵæԼԼ
Ҳԡ
¬ɣԼĶΪǷڣЦžܾˣȳԣҵȻٳԡ
ۿһ⽿ˣظһ롣
׼ֵĬصͷǷ
緹ԵļֱǰδУ¬ɣģһڴؿ˵ó𣬺óͶԵ㰡
緹һԵĲ࣬¬ɣע£ֶһ⽡óֻά룬ʲôνǽζȻͬζܳϺĸ𣬻㹽ۻҲǼģӱִ㣬ƺܺθڡ
ôó𣿡
緹¬ɣ̲סʣϾ˵ĿζͬЩΪóԵĶδؾúóԡ
̫ˣ춼Ե𣿡׻Ц˵
׽һЩܵܣζܺãлСˡ
˾أ¬ɣ۰Ͱ͵
Զʱһֱģʵڿ
пɰɡ
ޱ˵
Ŷ¬ɣЩʧ
⵽ǺûǲðӦÿǲã˼ɣ롣                        
лҪ˵

 11 

׻̲סһ仰Сˣ˵кáǺܺõ˼Ҵкֶۡ
㻰࣡׽ֵһۡ
ַڴ߿һԸǣλ¬ԺƺΪ¬С
¬
ֵû붴С˰
ĸ¶ۣ࣬Ҷʼƺ¬ɣΪ¬
¬ɣЦе˵ʱҼգҲð׳԰סʲô龡ܷԸҺˡ
׻̴ϣϿ鷳¬ʵǳԹ˴ķ
׽ҪȥĶ䣬׻ɵ⣬еҸ˱ȥ׻θȥ
ֻʣ¬ɣˡ
첻һ£ǴɫķױϣצϿ崺žͺɡ
üĿʵˣװĳ£ԽԵӢǸʵʵĿɾ
ֻϧλԴϵͳڲơյСܳȥ󣬳ͱ̫һˣ¬ɣ˵ЩĻֺӶ·һʱȻ֪˵ʲôֹֻܴԹ˵ָʾ
¬ɣǻҹǸ˵Ҫһ϶Ǳ˶ḽˡ
̫ˣô˸ϵȫͬô
ָʾ㲻ҸŮˡ
ŶϻԻȰ
¬ɣʹܾʵûʲôæҲӦõģϲġ
֪ϰ˶ӣǮ϶ʱҲֻջõó֣˵Թծ
ϵĿжɿˣڰ֣㡣
ڵ˽쵼ϲõʱˡ
¬ɣʣʲôɿڵ𣿡
ϲߡ
ɣҲϲء¬ɣЦ
˺ܽӵһϲˡ
ôнأ
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˿ϲζصĶ¬ɣ
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ŮһķʣдʣĴ𰸣ǳҪ
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¬ɣʮźءһ˲ܳ㣬̫ϧˡѩ˻㡢㡢㡢ɡ߶ررóԡ
һͲˮ
ź֮ԱԼֱһĪʧ
룬ʵҲǲܳԡ
Ϊʲô
ζôЩ˾޷ζ
֪˺ֱӵ˵̫֪࣬¿ڡ
¬ɣ̲סЦԭ˸Сһ´ѽòСʱ̸ںɡ
ĵ˵ԳԲԲûд̵ġϾ͸Բɡ
ԼЩԾ˼¬ˣô⵽ͱӡ
ͬվˡ
׻μüŪۿˣЦӢѹ˹أǴˣ¬һ˵Ļȫ˵ˡ
ĬԵĴˣȻܸ¬˵ôõĻ漣
׽֪Ǳ߷ڴʲô⣬¬ﲻ򵥣ˣǲ͹ˡ
ô׻ںǸСŮӣʲôķ˵ˣѵôˣҾֻҪ˸˾ͺá
׻һĸЦܵɲһô
ףô¬Щ죬׻һĴȣ磬ˣ
㻹ǵϴһҰ˻𣿾Ǵ˴¬ģԵע
ô˵׽Խ鲻ˡ
˵ֻʱסգٴʲôôһһէףҿҲøŴˣȥɸ˵Ĳǲɡ
㻹׸𣿡׻ί
׽Ϊ׸磿
׻Σ
ѽϽѲԷҪŹȥʱˡˣѾãó׻δߴ١
ˡ
š
¬ɣҪţֹס˳׽һ׼ѡ
⻰ûͷûԵģ׽ȴǴ¬׼ϴѡ˼ӽ裬¬ĳߴ磬ȥѡ
裺Ҫʲôʽģ
׽ķң㿴С
Ҵտ٣¬ɣ֪ʲô׽ܹܣʲôҪ𣿡
׽Ůӹ۸иӣһӣס°ɣȱʲôֱӸ˵С
ﴲ졢һӦȫ¬ɣЦŵллܹܡ
ֲЦˣŮôĻģ׽ٶɫ
ҪĶ˰ľλĲƲλһ˰ûˣڲƲ˰ʱѾ˵úףĲƲһǮҪ˵պҪָˣҲֺֻô˵ķݡ
׽ˣͲپᡣ
˵ôȽ㣬ÿϰѵڶҪҪõĲ˸裬ȥС
ҳ֮ºȤֻÿҪæֲ̫࣬ú츳Ҳһ㣬Ȼϲ¬ķʱȽ¬
ϵ˼߶Ҫ׽ٳ֣µӡҲҪʱͽҪ軧̸飬˳
˳
¬ɣ̲סȭͷ޵ľ
Բɡ
Ĵˮ˼㣬̳һȻɱȥۡϴһ
ԲͦѹģֱߺվͺܺóԣΪֺˣ¬ɣĸԸɾʮ㣡                        
лҪ˵

 12 £׽棩

ŴûнʦôҪȫһ˫֣¬ɣŲ˵һһף뽪֭ȣÿʹ裬ֱϾŻн
֮Ϊһ裬㻨һʱʹ̧첲ˡ
̫ŵִֹȻҲˣǻ۲ϡ
ԱΪ֣ͨ죬ͷǺС¬ʱ˻ʱɵø˵ѹ򣬶һ⡣
¬ɣͷе
Ҫлˣ
Թ˵۹ɲô¬֪ʶȤ֪Ҫץס˵θôէȻһƯĹ϶ǶкøеģȻ˲ýСˣ˵Ҫ¬ؼңһҲţ
˺γһôĹϴ˶¬˵ϸл˵ĵҪġ
˶ȥˣֻʣ¬ɣˣ뼦緹
סڱ¥¥֣һƬլԺвٹٻ˼Ҷס¹ڳ𴦲ͬ·ƽֲдŨܣౣ
ΰҲûеƤкϹ䡣
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Ľϴɣ˸С߸ྡ
ˣ
¬ɣˡ
辪ȵһҲؿǴϱġ
Ŵͣζˡ
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ѹ֣ѹ֣
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ǰӦôӲԼסˣö󰡣ʮ꣬ʮꣿ
¬ɣ裺֪һԺҪ𣿡
һСܹ˵ˣôһլӣûǧò
ù󣡡
ȻǲǸǵķӶˡ
ڰ֣ҲǶôҲб˵ģٱˣûҲһСĺԺ
ףǷֵض
˵ĵط֪ƫԶңΰ̫á
¬ɣ̽ʣ裬˼Ұ﹤ÿ´ſǮ
ᣬּ䣺û˼ֻҼҵ䣬ҪԼԼҲڳһݹ
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һְȵĸо
⣬ѵתͣǹô
޲ԺЩǴ˵Ĺͣ
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軹߶߶˵κã¬ɣͻȻסˣ۾裬㿴ǰǲˣ
趨һƣǰ
ԶȺһС̷˵Щʲô
¬ɣԥҪҪȥкѾǰȥˣһˣ
תǵͷ
¬ɣ붭Ь顣
ʱٰЬģһں˵˵ⲻ֪͸ˡ
úκö
¬䣬˽մżȥԷ¬ִ裬˺ðĹأһҪ
ص¬ϣһʱ֮ߴǼµĿˢˢˢ䵽¬ɣϣİ֮ǳˣֻǰ쵼ҹȻ٩
¬ɣɲԵŮǣӣ裬ǻǲҪŴˡ
úãͷˣǸˡ
¬ɣ΢΢뿪ͻȻǰһߵߣ¬ɣߴͷ˵ʱҪͷ
ڶߣЦ⣬¬ҪȥЬ𣿡
Ь棿
¬ɣ̧ͷ޺޵صһۡ
ôôɶأ
Цһ˫С¹۵ɵԲԲģˮ⾧Өʻɰ
鲻Խ֣¬ɣغһ
ʲôл衣
û裬ʲôûˣ
ô£ر붺һ
Цҡҡͷת뿪
µĽ
аˣ⻹ǵĴ
ˣ
ָֻյݣգˢˢϴ뿪
ղŴ˸˵ʲô
ӣòȼյİԵĻ档
¬ɣڵûʲô˵ҪҪա
Ҫ˽һеۣĪȥšʶһţ¬ɣȥˡ
¬ɣʹٸͭǮ˲裬ߴ̽۵
͵ļ۸ܽܣס󰡣
Ӵס
ǲӹⷿͬˣһͨСĺԺһ¾ȻҪӣֻһͬҲҪһӡ
ۿɫˣ˴Ҵһؼҡ
¬ɣĸˡ裬ʣµǸͷ˺ͷɳ⣬ټһ峴硣
׼ֵܸܺӣûڵĿ޺óԣ֭ݷˡ
극վûκۡ
¬ɣ޺޵룬һҪ˰ݵҵĹ£
Ȼûȵ˰ݵĹ£˸һجġ

                        
лҪ˵

 13 

¬ɣټ㡣
Ĺ˵һһӣһʮ
ٳʮʮ
Ҳ˵¬ɣĹʣԲȣѹȫծҲʮꡣ
ʱѾǰ׷ԲԡƤգаصˡ
οõĻǸ߹ʣ¬ɣڳȥδõһһ¡
ծ̨
ÿֲ
ǰŮɫˡ
еʣû°ɣ
ôû£ǳº
¬ɣԼһ£ΡΡ˵˵Ѿһ㹻ˣôô󣿡
ǲǸˣ
ͣͨѾһȻˣҪĻ۸ͻᷭ
ЩҪ󣿡
糤úÿͨ黭֮ġ
¬ɣ̲סͷµҳѿˣ黭һŲᣬǿˣ
ЦЦҾͦãҲ
¬ɣѾھ޶ծ֮Уĵ޷԰Ρ
ǸˣȻط
Ҹطһ˻һٲ뿪Լ޳Ǿ涪ˡ
ûзӦһˡ
ôˣ׻βʡ
Ҳף룬֮˺İɡ
׽Ÿ̾ģ
ȴô룬ҿ¬Ϊ̫󣬵ĻӣûǮ
ò˵һеģͬΪƶȺܲµ¬ɣ˼׼ֵܾͲ²
⣡
׻ͻȻһ¬ĳӣô
⻰һ˵ӭӵλӵĿ⡣
׽εؿֵܣ˰ɣ¬ڵ״̬ȥǷҲǿġ
ȥˡ
ȥˣ׻ΰԹ¬ķٳԴķζͬ
һˣ͸ɴ¬檰ɡûˣڸ
໣
ͷϴʹ׻ͷһɤӣˣҵͷʲô
ûʲô侲侲Ҫٺ˵˵
׻ί֪Լ˵ʲô
¬װ׵ĺùҪʲô檲檵ģҿ㻹ǻطȽϺá
Цݣ˵
Ŷ֪ˡ
׻֪Щˡ
¬Ӧ츮ߴ¬Ů¬ڽһȺ
һλʿŮô檣̫ίҶ¬һĪ衣
Ȼ¬ﻹӡ
Ҫӵ顣
ѾӲҪˣ¬˺٣ȻҲӡ
¬ɣһֱʱήҲӵľ޶ծҪúһ¡Լθóɶɶ
ȻЩζѵóԵⰡơּҲͦóԵġ
׻οһƣòԾ磬ζôôӵİ
İɣϻô࣡
Ŷ
ղűѵֱѵ׻ͷ룬ݺһ⡣
¬ɣԼУҲͱ±ĲˣֻҪϷŵλˣʱ㹻ζϲѵСΪաˣһС˱Ѷˡ
Թ¬ɣܵ˲١
ͷȻֱãóԵĶôܱ࣬Ӹ򵹣
Լվֱˣл˵
л˵ֱ˵
һҪӦ
Ҳлͬ˵ףҵ鷿
鷿ڵһԺܣ飬ǰ滹һŴ󰸣īֽȫ󰸵ϰڷһֻķ۲ʲ֦ĵ˫ƿ
鷿ĲʵƫʵӲʣֻ۲ʻƿе밡¬ɣĿһ۾ͷֻƿϡ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥ͵ĸ͹ġ
ĸףָǲλҷˣĸɷˣ
գ¬ɣܻ̲סһ£иҪҪ
¡
¬ɣñֱ˫ֽգϥϣСѧ˻Ҫ׼
ϴͬʱڵΣʵʲôҪ˵
¬ɣҧҧˣûûǮ㣬Ҿÿ԰תΪծһǮ㣬ֻҪһʱ䣬һỹϢġô
û̽ӻ¶Ц
¬ɣֵЦʲô
Цҡҡͷ
ο͵Цݣ¬ŮûԼ¬
㵽״ӦӦ
˵Ӧ
¬ɣɫ䣬ʲô˼֮ǰҲ˵һؼҰѵ㷴ˣ
˵ЩǮ㻹ˣɵġš
¬ɣŰɽӹȻϸҩָȥš
ͷ첻֪ʲô
ȫͬΪܸˡ
ôˣ
¬ɣ̧ͷǣˣֵܻҪˣӲˣǸдǷɡ
磬޿еҲֻԼˡ
һŻ㿴ù۵öȥˣΪʲôԵ޹ʶôã
ȥԭǷǮ׻Ƿѻġ޳ѵպԼȥ
ᶨ⣬ǸдǷɡ
ܸܵ룬˶٣һͷá
дһǷ¬ɣǩԼ֣ӡݸ
ӹһ¬ɣСɵ֡
ԭֽɣ
ɣɣ
լɣҶ𣬽ˮ·
һ䡣
¬ɣңҺܿͻỹǮ
¬ɣǷ˺΢΢һЦҸƷǷҪҲա㲻Ҫѹ
дһǷҲ̫С˰ɣ
¬ɣҲԼһỹǮ
ʲô𣿡
ûˣˣҸˣ
ֱ¬ɣڴϣϵ顣
žͱζˣˣԼЦΣ氡һ¥ּλĽǲͬ
˻
¬ɣһԼĸ첲£
ҪǮҪʲôʱ
ߣϣΪƽˣ
ϿӣҪûծͽˡǸ첻ߵģ֮߶ҪӣĲҪˣӾ㲻ȫûûһ֡                        
лҪ˵լɣҶ𣬽ˮ·ʯ
˸СbugӣΪýһһ


 14 

Ŵ磬ɻѵˣ
϶ǵˣ˰ɣӦҴѡ
˵Ҳп˶±ˡԪ
飬һѾͷ
ԪЦ˵̫̫ˣ˭ǶңǸðҵĹǮܵøҰɣ
ϣ˵ʲôĹǮڿѾˡ
ԪЦ̫̫˵ͿͬҵӶʱдҸЩ̫̫ιιµأˣǮҲҪӣ
ųڼּҵ£ǲϡ
ԪУ̫̫ҵһɡ
ԪǮǮȻö죬ǮˮĴգһĴǮϲռֲֵá
Ϸػӻ֣ѾͷԺιι˰ɡ
Ԫһ䣬µҲǲɵġ
浹ֽУڼʱԪѾͷҲûٸɻôǻû˵
ҾԸ¬ܵԺЩԼɰɣ
Ԫһ䣬ųš
㿴ѾͷǸʲôӣ
᲻ǮۼҹӶ꣬⻹дʱ䣬˿òǮ
ĸŮô룬Ԫģ磬ֻ¬Ĵ
˵¬˳һ˼ҼˣԪֶţǺ˼ΪʲôŮҼ޵ôæᶼ˵²ǰ¬˰ɣ
ֻүջ¬Ԫ
ԴտʼԪ˽ϴɨ֮⣬ĻһŲ
᲻ûǮֻøŮһɻ
͵ιҲװԷܵ÷ɿ졣
ιãϾڼιҪȥҰݣڼӣϵݣŮȥ
浲ϣҲȥһǧأ
Ͼ䣬ŮȥݣسţʱŻ¨һݶûС
ҵֻ໽Уûˣ˲١
Ԫһ߿Цż͵͵浼䡣
ѽǱŮǲݣүڳĺģС㣬ɲĻÿϡ࣡
ǸƢָͣ
ûаʱϱڵùǺ
³ġ
һصңܿͿ˲Ծ
ȥˣ
תҸ˻˼Ұˡ
ôüĻ˼ң
ڳ֧ᡣ
Ļ˼ңŮ޹ȥˣҵŰݷ׼ҡ׷ʡ
޷Է˵ʵ
ɫǺ죬ˣ
˵ôȻ檣ǿǲȥȥ
ǻҪըжΨһĺӣҴӦҪչ
ϽƱ磺ûôõ˼Ҷû浣ֱȥˣ
ǹٻǧô檣
ЦǸˣҪĸ
ͿǼʲô˼ңǸţԺĲ;Ҫ˼֪ǼŮڣ˭ǰͶﲻãΪżû㣬Խˣ
㹻˰ЩҶôΪͬҷƢ
ϺҲԼƢһȣһƺȹȥ
ϵ˲ָɽܿ緢͵ͷ
߳ŭʼãָȥץ͵ϲ޵ģΪŮٳּôҵģ
͵ϰ˺ü¡
ϻݿʼʰӵʣʲô
ңûˣ
浺£һȥ˾˼Ұɡ
㶮Щڼ
ϷŮ䣬ױУƵĽһС˰ųš
ҵĵӶѾһԶŮȻСסգô룬ǲؼҵġ

¬ɣ˾˶Ѿؼʱ齴
˱Ƚ⣬ӸӣҺķʱ䣬ѩ׾ȷֲĵƤ⣬ѾˣóĨϺ츯ɵĽ֭Ȼŵ졣
ֱվллˣ֪ˡ
ʣô죿
¬ɣȼ㡣
ָͣ˾֣ڽвڡ
˶٣ʲôҪæľܸ˵
ð¬ɣǣܷңҪȥ¥ְ̯ʲôҪǰ𣿡

ǣЬ棡
¬ɣٴϣѵЬ͹ȥ
ãԺ󶼲ˡûʲôйأڽֿڣΥ˹Ҫܴ
νأʵҪС̷Ҫ򣬲㵹ˮ谭֮ġ
¬ɣͷ
һʢˡ
ˣҪңҺܻܿǮһ򶰴ס
Ц㡣
˻ĵģ¬ɣĸԸΪ齴
ɫĸ齴Ľݣһ˵ĸ±㣬һӡ
׽˿ӣóԣһ㶼ζ磬Ҳ
ֵܼӾȥһ룬׻Ц˲Դ⣬ˣ¬Ҳ԰
ԭԴ⣬¬ɣЩʧ
֪Ŀڸ齴ϡ
˵˵ҳԵġ
׻λȻ򣬡֪ˣһǸƽѴ̫ζˣ
׽ԼֵƤǷʰˡ

û¬ɣȥҶͣԼˡ
¬˵˾ˡ
լۡ˸ƭһǶˡ
棬
㻹𣿡
¬ɣá
૵Ĵѽ
¬ɣķϻֱʣ˾˴𣿡
ӣͲ⡣
Ϊѽѵˣ                        
лҪ˵
ʱ䣺Ͼŵ

 15 

ͻû뵽ӵĲŮúòá
¬ɣˣûôͽʲô
Ѳʸ߹ݣ
Ŷ˵轫檣˾Ұɡ
һӣҪ
ǰ
Ѿ޵ҡʧôټˡ
¬ɣŭЦǡǡޡͨ
Ƿ˶ͣ峣ʱ򵹼ǵ
ҪáΪ޸١סϣҲͲн顣
˭˰檣Ҽҵﶼûˣ˾ˣҵ𣿡¬ɣϸϸ˵
һ£ûûС
¬ɣϻˣһ˼ҺģֻͬҪԭûӾͷɡھУ˾ǮҰɡ
ҪǶ񡰷١ûôͲټƽϣԺ붭һϣ͡ôͲҪˡ
ӲǸСĿͱϾǶˣһǣñǮЩ´ӦãȡӾ㡣
ʲôʱ򣿡
һˣòϸǮ͸һصģȻ˵ž޿ȥˡ
¬ɣߣӣֱи˵İ̺ۣʱˣң˾ˣӹòãҪңΪڡ
ô
˾ˣұϾ¬ն¬ػأ֪־ĸ˽Ůѧôģйٸܲ£ұǹ¿һˣƴһѣ˾һ˾ú
¬ɣһ˫۾ôŶͣʹ˸Լû˽Ů˳ԵСô⸱ݵģ
ãҴӦ
ô;˾˳Űɡ
ߺ¬ɣ°˼
ղŵвӦ˰ɣ
þӴ붭޹ϸ
ǸͨˣֻԼӹá
׽հؼҳ緹Ϳ¬ɣһƵš
裺ôˣ
˾һˣû˵¬˾˻ȥǮء˵˾˿˵ӣҲȥô͡
裬㲻֪Щţʵ˲ݡ
ڳһλ˲
ʿѧң˿޵ˣɽ˶ļ¡
Ϊʲôӱ˾Ҳλйء
׽̾˿˵ֻǵȥ緹
¬ɣͻȻվ
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ףʵĸ⡢ϺȥΡˣϴлͿһӸ㶨ʵĿֲˡ
޲ڣ¬ȥˣ
Ļֻƾտ϶ǲˡĻ¬ɣÿʼˡ
Թȥðһ⣬ư裬¯̿ȥľһʣææµµֱϡ
Һеλط˸СΣȥ̻ӣټ˵һǮӣһǮȫļҵð춫һ࣬ʣµ¬ɣú
ҵһͶ¬ɣ֣ԭ㰴ı׼ÿ¸¬ɣһΪꡣ
ܾˣҰ׳԰סʵڲ񻰡
Э飬ʱסңһͣʹá¬ɣ˵ѾǳˣҪ֪ȥⷿӣҲҪһһ£һһȫ
ռıˣ¿ͷѣʱѲѣֻܵǮ˵
Ưıסܺǡ
Թ¬ɣڳĵȥ˺üΣҪҪæ¬ɣЦãһ˾ͿԸ㶨
׺ͺ춹ⶡ㹽飬⡢Ϻʵȣһֱæ˶
鷿ﻹŵƣ׻ε¬ﻹæˣҪҪȥ
Ŷ̤ȥˣ׻εĻסˣˡ
ԼŮͶ̫Ŀ⡣
׻֪޾ʱһͦ¬ģйɲӵԣѰŮӲͬ
ڲͬ˵
¬ɣʱ࣬һ׼࣬ࡢ춹ࡢ㹽ࡢࡣ
õԸõľף׵ۺḻճڸ㹽ࡢмϺӿζĲθС
Ϊʣм˼춹ƽۿʣּ۸Ͽ϶ҪһЩ
ΪҪԭҲ硣Ŀζ嵭Ϊ¬ɣ׼緹ǰ
׼ֵܱסĿ⣬һҪ㹽࣬һҪԺ࣬׷ͳǮҪ¬ɣ¬ɣա
㲻ǲҳԡ
׻ο˵ڴˣΪ϶Ҫطѽ¬Ǯɡ
ɱǮУ׼ֵܰձ۸Ǯ¬ɣҪҪѶ˹ȥ
¬ɣܾˡ
ھǾסô㣬⳵ֳɵģܶ˿Ͷı¬ɣ׾ҵ˰ͶΪʮǮ͸㶨                        
лҪ˵Сⲻô׵ΣС¬~


 16 £׽棩

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һ°̯Ӱͷ̫̫ұձĴ塣
ǹѡһձһٷʢ緹
¥ָ߸࣬밲źܽʳϳıŸԽܼ
էȻһòСӹ࣬ͶĿ⡣
¬ɣ򶨵ص¯ӡ
ӵ̫̫͸ԼŮ࣬緹ҪԵıһͷͱˮˮ㣬ҲϹ˭Ǹ
¬ɣЦл㣬ҿ٣ˣա
¥ֲֻ̣һĹ򣬽ֵڼʳС
¬ɣһȥͷľ߰˼ңҲкüңҡ
ϴ˵еǳЩ׷󱥸ˣһЩ׷ζģҪľⲿ˵⣬һҲģʳࡣ
˵ǰ࣬ʵϡ٣Ҳͱ΢һ㡣
ÿͰ϶˱ǩҲкܶ಻ʶֵˣҪƤ̫Ҫˣ¬ɣѧ˼ߺȡ
ࡢ춹ࡢ㹽ࡢϺ࣬ŴóԵľ࣡
ϾƯСӣվͺˣȻҲʲôʩ֮ġ
ܿ˹ʣһ˵۸񣬵üͷôôǱͷһǮͿԺһ롣
¬ɣĶۣ춹Ǯһ룬㹽ģʮġ
õǱȽϺõľף㣬ճ滹˼ζ϶ҪһǮ󰡡
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Щһ˵̫ˣףȷֵֵǮһɢˡ
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ⲻаӪֶΡ
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Ųӳˣصع¬ɣô
¬ɣŬŬ죬ĲãϺһݶûȥ
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ɻ𣿡
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¬ɣЦĸһҹȻʱ˼
˼һرζͷʲô
¬ɣ˵ˣЦеҼ洫طóͶԵ㣬лл
ͷˣ⵱ȻʲôܣΪͷطʲô˸ӺЩ
ԭ洫ط
˼ϣǿҲ󡣡˸˿ǮͦģúܣζҲã
ıݺȻʵҵ˲
Ŵô˵˵һ뺣࣡
Ҫ࣡
춹࣡
˶޲ڡ
˶дĴ̯Ŷ˶࣬Ϊóһ㣬ҲҪȥ
һʱ֮¬ɣ̯ΧŵԽԽࡣ
»ʵʵϣ㣬û͵ϣ¬ɣȻ±޲óԡ
һʱͰ඼ˣ˵û򵽣źʣ컹𣿡
¬ɣһֻΪ˱֤Ŀζÿһֻʮݣ˾ûˣһ
ôһգ¬ɣսİ취̯ڴȥЩ˼һǲ˹ܼҹࡣ
ִ񣬳ٹ˼гӣռҶҪԼصϣúܣʮǮͿԸ㶨ֿݣǴԸ硣
ټʵӪֶΣ¬ɣġʱȻУЩеôѾˡ
ӪһʮݣܶЩֻʵ
¬ɣˣѾ׻ȥӣǮ𣿡
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¬ɣĵЦˣ·õǰ֡
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¬ɣЦöǮȲ׶硣
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׻֪󣬹⴩Ž·¬ɣ̯˺üأסһƤѵһСӣҪٸٲץȥگȲ衣
ôһŻû˸ȥ¬ɣﵷҡ
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׽һߡȿȡܵʹɫ
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˿϶ôС۵ˣ
Թ¬ɣǮĿУСȻ°룬ʲôʱܹǮӰ
ȥϴˮ˼£ⶼüˣ˾զû                        
лҪ˵ˣб˸硣
С¬æǮϸˣҪʼʰһˡ


 17 

ôôҪˣ¬ɣ̲סԼͷ
ͰͣջҪʧô
ûŮԭûǮһ㣬Ǿǡ١ûûܴŪӡ
ջСסƱȫߣƾͰѼ﷭˸׳죬Ҳֻҳ˼ӡ
ȥǮϿʼΪԼ֪ҪǮ¬ɣ̾ͷˡ
ûǮ
ҪԼȥӣ
Ҷȥϱ߷˿ҲãǮһ룡
ԼһԶŮϹ˵顣Ĳǣžǳףо浼ˣһҪǮ
ͷһĭӼ絽ϡ
ӲˣʼģĨᣬ˵ίּҵ࣬ѧʱչ̹ãԼЩεε͡
ӲʩѶʹĺм֮
ϼ޸ʮ꣬ȻΪˡڼ󡱣ʱƫң˿̱ǶԶһֱܺá
߶һǶʮ꣬ǰҲûɶ
ص̾˿׽ĺѽڵʱǲ١
ĲЦſοŮٹЩӦˣ˺ӣҪԸ⡣
ǡ
ûʲôǵģϴʧҲ޲ʲô˼ңڲأǳԺȲġ
仰˵˶͵Ŀϡ
ûǰһж˵Ѿ˸ʧҲװ׵Ĺˣ޲ʲô˼ҡ
Ѿ˵ˡ
¬ɣĻֻɣһС·ʶſڳı߿Ӳ֪ȥ״׾˾ˣ
ǰ춭Щ˵죬ѧƽ˾׷
ˡ
úҹ̺÷պһŮҲͺùˡ
¬ɣԶûٱκλ롣
ʧеģҲ̸̫ʧŭôͷŭˡ
¬ɣرǡ
ú緹
ȥʱʵС㣬ˡ
Ϊ糿ȥ¥࣬¬ɣϾͿʼ׼СϴɾƬãʣµͷ
׻ǸӣζΧŰĹת
㰡㳢̵˵žӡ
ž¬ɣצӡ
ͷûΡ
׻ηӣµСôôף
¬ɣһʢ
ײܵ׵ˣ׻ֿʼ˵û¬ɣϴεĸ齴
ڳ˵˵ЦЦԺ׽۵ס
׽ɵܵܣһɤӣ϶
׻߳
У׽һȥ
׻Ǳض㿪磬͵Ϯһû׼ã
׽סֵܵĲӣߣߣи¸˵ˣȻطˡ
ͷ½Ǳ߹ȥ
¬ɣڶⶡ㹽ŲͷҲû̧ôˣ˵Ҫ
ûп
¬ɣе㲻Ծ̧ͷˣ
ҡ
ˣͦõһˡ
¬ɣá
żϲЩû⡣
˱ϾǸĴˣ˵ʱġ
ʱ˵Ļ٣ټϴԼͷһծ¬ɣڴ˵ĸйٸӣǸ׻ദһЩ
˶˲˵ЩΣ¬ɣԼ˵ʲô
ǸˣǳԻ棬ɺóˡ
á
սᡣ
¬ɣʾ֭һ˸ղԺɣ˵书ã
㲻ǿ塣
¬ɣ죺㲻ǽ𣿡
ҡͷЦ˭㣬书Ҫõģ
𣿡
ǣеĹ书ûرҪ󡣡
С˵ӾӰ죬¬ɣ
룬Ĺǹܣ߻ϵ̶ӣٲǱ˾Щ˵ʵҪ书òá
ԼҲúЦһֱΪԷ߱ڣȥ磬ɱΡ
ЦˣɵҪôҲ˴ڡ
Ҳǡ
˶٣ֵʲôҪæ𣿡
¬ɣԵҡͷɿûС
ĵҪæôܾ̫ã¬ɣͣ˱Ƚæ´㡣
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˶סˡ
ͣһ²ͶѾˣͲҪȥűˣҲû̫æ
ѵһ汾ծ಻ʭ಻ô
¬ɣȻ
ųǮֱȥ״涭ֻͣ»ûнȥȱһƤ׽ҵͬ״ֽһݸţô
ͦͦܵ
¬ɣܸжһСľʳһɵˣΪʲôôң
۾Ŀԣ𻨱Ž¬ɣС¹ײ
ȻƿĿ⣬ӲСĿ㣬㾡컹Ǯ
ǮǮǮ
ѡ
¬ɣС¹ܵûӰˡ
ţͷЪŰɣˡ
ʲôϰߣֲߣëС

յ緹ǻ
ɫͷ˿ѩƬΪɫʺÿ˴лܾݴȻԴнȻûЩġ
ϸϸ֭ˬܵ׼ֵܵϲ
¬ɣһƵĻ棬޲Ժ˵ˣĳ԰ɣѾѴ̶ɾˣ
԰ôд̣׻ε
¬ɣȻ˵Ϊرģ˶ûСҹ̾ͻ˰ʱ۾ˣ
ЮһˣŴһҲûС
ζʵúܡ
¬ɣչʣôˣ
пɡ
пɾпɰɡ
¬ɣһҲй
Թ緹վȥ¥࣬һк˳һʱˡ
¬ɣȥ׽״ֽһȷôʽȥ
ڱɽŲҺо״ֽȥҲҪӣ͵ĹҲᱻ
Ϊ״ֽϸĲϣҲС
ԣ¬ɣᶨصͷ
˭Ҳ޹͵ΪԼԭ                        
лҪ˵

 18 £׽棩

Ժ¥̫ԶԺļѧ˵¥иƯС࿰ҺһģĲУԼͬһȥ
ͬԴӹŰ壬üͷһŮͷ¶С⣬ֻĿİգ²ǿ˽ŵġ
⻰˵ԽĵۣʲôóԵģ϶СӸá
ô룬ȴһ˵ִԲӣǰɩ㣬⣬ǿɶˣܹϵļν
ѧӶʼƾʲôСӾͲ˼ҵСӣ
ȻǾƲԼҲһ˿˼
ԼһŻͬһȥ¥֣붭ĲãҲҪһȥ
ĲҡͷҲȥ
ŻЦȤĲּƯͻݵıã񰡡
Խô˵ҪŶĲһȥɣĲֲֻøһȥˡ
˵С࣬ÿʮݣȥ˾ˣǻø硣
һԺԼĪӲŵ¥֡
¥֣Ŀɲ٣˴Цߣ˶ĵطͣǱ¬Сӵ̯ˡ
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˲ãȻһ̯ǰΧŲˣŻǰǸӦˡ
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Ż૵ǸƯСӣ
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Цֵ¬СӼҵ϶óԡףĲôˣɫôôף
Ļæҡͷûû¡
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Ĳ쳤˲ʹȥƣһƲ˰¬ӺȻǱá
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šڵ˼ȫСϣϾ˼ȥˡ
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Ҿڰ⣬ԺҲԶûж룬ӦŻȻԺ
ĲԶˣæת¥ȥ
ٻص¥ʱ¬ɣѾĲˣʰ̯ӡ
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٣ͨվܰ꣬ͬ£ִһݹ
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ʰ꣬¬ɣˮ¯ӣ飬ˣܾͲˣоǿƷ֡
ѾˣٹɡǰС˵
˲۾ֱض¬ɣһã
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¬ɣִЦ裬úã£ֵͽӾ͸ô
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ȻǸˣȴǸ粻ֲɨѹ֮ºм֮
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¬ɣ̾ǰĶĲϵĽ£߼·ۡ
µصĻǴɣ˵ۣΪأⲻͦͦȵ
л˰æĴ壬һ⳵һȥ
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¬ɣҲЦǾĸαҪˡ
ãһӶʲôˡ
ʵ˵ĲһԶ¬ɣҲû¬ɣù
һ۾Ϳѵıãͣһ˵⣬ԭܾӶӬһȥ֪ԼĸײϲԭǵôȥԽԭд̶Դ
ǶĲľƾԭʵ˳ڶҵӲôҡ
¬ɣͷˬǻؼҿޣ
ԣӦ붭˱ͷһޡ
Ĳӣƻ֪飬ûϵܿͻ֪ˡ
壬֣ݺΪ裬¬ɣõòˡ
ڴ˳ɶԱȵľĶˡ
ˮعϽ
ѾյĳʴʣñŮˣͷ򸾹Ů¬ϡ
дһ߳ʣһһͬá
ȻˣԾȥͥ˵
ⱲӾû˴˾ֲ̿취Ԫ˵үˣ
ϳſӣˣôһͷ
ͷӵģ
Ĳޣ
ϱŶҲޣĸΣ˭ɸӵģ                        
лҪ˵ʱ䣺ʮ㡣

 19 

Ĳ֧᲻
ϴŭԺеЩͬ۸ˣߣɽ˵ȥҶû
˵žҪŶӳȥ
ĲղŶͷһ·˵Ŀ⣬ѾˣǻؼҶߵģοٳȥ
ʹҡͷԺͬˡ
ƫҪʵף˭
Ĳ֮˵ǡɣá
Ԫϲæʵүˣòã
켱ˣϲ֪ѱյʲôطȥˣԪ෽̽û
Ĳ¥ࡣ
һȥԪĸΣ˵㣿
ĲǵͷȻҡͷӴҡ
߯ĵһŶӽݡ
ֻһԪЦúã
֪ˣ
ĲڴϣͿŶ̾æȥС
浵̫ˣ۵ﲻ˵Ѹӣ
Ĳһʲô棬⵽ô£ôȻ¥ࣿ
黹ôһ˼ҿʼ˵𡭡
浽ŵȥĲ˵ˣȥ˲檣ͷͰѵˣں¥ǾͲ֪ˡ
Ĳŭôȥ檣
˵պԼô
ͣ˽
ôнԵ˶һۣûеýġ
ҳ󲻿Ĭˡ
иĲƣ̫أЩƤˣʮ¾ܺá
кһ˶ֿˡ
ǶĲԹϣöƯǰ˵Ҫѱҵġ
ϵǰǧС㣬ǸʲôݣĲԺҪ٣иķҪͬЦġ
ǣ԰ѱø檰Ĳ˵
Ҫ
Ԫվ˵˿̲סһⶭĲû򹻣
ˣˣ͵ȰǰĹ˾˵
üСӾȻ˸ˣ๫ǸţҲ¹ȥү˵¬ϵˣȨĻ¶ռ
ͺңΪ֤ѾΪĻˡ˵¬һ֧˶ĴϼһмûгˣҪ˵ǲռġ
Ĳ̴еҿ϶Աòãǰѽ
µƺ¬ɣõĽ취֮ǰв
ųǰһԶԶȻ߾ˡ
֪ǼӰ
ͣ˼ҲǸ𣿡
ǰ˵һ˵׷£ڵʵ飬ǱýһȥʣóȥӡǮһٶһȥŴ㣬ڼҲͶʮˡ

Ųңд˲֮ޡ
ͲʹȥĲУ
֪޾һ˰óȥǮÿʮֵǻĴأɩӻųȥһǧ
˵Ǹɩġ
Ǯյ֣ǧֻһʱղ
ˣĲĻ涨Ǯծ䵱ÿȡù֡ࡢһһΥߡʮNߡۡǷ£۵ҡ
û뵽ôأɵڰɣ˵Ĵ󻧷ǮĶǣٸܲ
ҡҡͷҷǮĶǺмĺ̨ˣǼССҪǱ˸浽ţһ׮˾ôȢôҶǰ;
ϼʲô˼Ҹ㶭ͣҿΪһһŮϵҲһźգɥ߲ݣݲҡ
˵ԼĶŮָΪԼ˵ûĲԼǰ;ͷתһߣװûֻдûԼҲܲˡ
ѵӲһأ˦š
صвѣǰ˵ǲӦ͸¶ԭ¬Ϻ˳ţƷҪڻǰ˭ҵ
߽Ů˼檣˵ǶͿ¬ϣ¬ϣ¬ߣ¾˽ᡣ

¬ɣڳ׻߽ЦɣӣǸҪľ˾ѾҸˡӿС΢Żһ٣վվȣˣ
¬ɣЦǽ̫磬گͷʮ˰̣ץȥ
Ҩһ÷˸׻Σˣ÷
״÷֭΢΢߳Сˮ飬ð׻һģúȣθñ𣿡
¬ɣıҵھš
ۿԽԽȣû䣬ʵ̫¬ɣš
׻εڴиׯÿ궼вر˹Լ˶òꡣ
˯ͷ¬ɣϲ̫ˣ
׻ҿʲôô͵ģûⰡ
ǵ̫ˣŵѮ̫λεգûˣȵúܣƺЩģԵķǳ١
¬ɣһЩθˬڵĲˣϣ峴֮ġ
ʱΪ˼ˣˣһ׷⣬һǰײ붹Ƥһ
ٽϵƵĽ֭˲á
¬ɣļÿǰسԵĲˡ
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׻Сһͷ
ˣȥǰͷɣܿܳˡ
׻βˣ˳Ȼ뵽һ£ɣԺֱӽ϶ɣУ
У¬ɣҲûʹӦˡ
Ӷ϶׻һᣬ˭ԸƯƯСӺԼ磬׸˵öԣ¬ڵݱϾǴ˵ھ죬Լ粻̫׵
Ȼ¬ɣϣʮܻӭ׼ֵܶܰԡ
ôĲݣǰļˡ
¬ɣӪˣһ㶼壬㣬ҲܲҪҪ
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¬ɣѡˡȥЮƬ⣬
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Ըͱô鷳ˡ
ӹ˵̬س
¬ɣۣ鷳ˣ鷳
Լ˳Էһִ˻
¬ɣ͵͵ȥüͷһ⣬ܿüͷɿʣµĳꡣ
ӿɲǿ
ǣ˰ɣ
һ̧ۣץס¬ɣ¬ɣһЦٸʢ㣡
ѵӵݸζпɣǾɡ
һĻ׼ֵܿ˶ĬصͷǷ
Թ¬ɣţͦģ˵ˣܲ°꣬Ҿ˾˼Ŵţʵڲá
򵥣׽ҵȥô߰С
۵⣬ĥһĥͣȻپǾͰ˼ɡ
һ£ĸ˽ǮҴòӡ
¬ɣֹˮóپͶٰɡ
ծ಻ӣֻ˵Ƿ˵ծѾˡ                        
лҪ˵Ǯծ䵱ÿȡù֡ࡢһһΥߡʮNߡۡԡࡷ
Ǹ˰Сʱ¡
ĸʱ䣺ʮ㡣

 20 

׽ȥߴ참
¬ɣ׽ûñĶһȥ
˵ư֮
λ˵ծѻǮծлĿܡ
¬ɣܺƤװԼʲô֪
ֱˣһ˶ӣ
ͣŵ
һŵӣ࣬ǧ
¬ɣǺǣ࣬࣬ҿ϶ܻģġ
һֻС¹
ͷ࣬Цղźģģҵӡ
ģ
˭թô
¬ɣԾؾ˵ˣҲǣ߯ˣֻñܵķݣ
⣬ڿһС˵˴ʵȻ˵ڳԺںˬǽѽ
¬ɣϽĿڣȻǲͬģǸˣȾİ׵ĺܡ
ɫ˵ûʲôͬ˵öԣǺڵģӶ͸ˣ
˵Լ߳͢
¬ɣûʡ
ΪһͨϰգҲ֪һЩʥϿᰮѰʵ̫͢ʦһְѳ֣ᣬ̰С
ͬ۲֮ԭĸ¬˵䵽ǾɵӣǴӣշ˱˵·Ҳͻȥˡ
Ҫְλ̫͢ʦУȴҲΪɡ
˾ǳĬ
ȻʣûԼļˣ
ˣ
¬ɣסˣӦָĸװɣ
룬شûô룬ʵҲûãŬԼúһ㣬飬֪Ҳο
ôܺá
뿪¬ɣŷղžȻڸ̸ġ
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ɲǸͷŮ֮伫̸תΪġ
¬ɣϷ̣ϽҨһưˮϽ˽
ľˮϣ侲ࡣ
ծծծҪǮ鲻Ҫ˼롣
¬ɣԼｨ衣
Ȼʼ˶ӣʲôʱܰȥסס춼̫ˡ
ԽԼȥԽ̲סȥ롣
ЦܺÿůһλϿĮĽ

¬ɣͻȻһһ¡
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תȣѾǸѡ¬ɣһֱ뿪Ʒ顣
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ڶ˵Ǹĸ˫ľھ˼ң˾˾С

ôһߴ٣ʱҲˣ˶á
͵ȲӣվŸ˵ϾûȺôˣǳʮɱȻŸ˵
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̲ҿˡ
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ȻǸţǶԹٳĹػǶһЩ
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ž
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󵨶ͣΪţҾ䣬ȴ캦飬ԼŮֱ޲顣Ҫ鱨Ϲ٣뽶֮
ŵˣģԩ˿
ûǮͨϵҲų̂ҹŮһ֤ɽûʲôԩûɶÿġ
ϱС檾û˯þ˿úܣһ¾ľ˻¬ӣڶ뽶֮飬ϹٻظۣȾã
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Ʋҵ
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ҵǮľҡ
ϵɩƼңáڼ֮裬һǮҲ費
ȥѽ裬Ů飬˵ĴڱشǷз壬ǽˣôϽӸ
֮£ֻܱеʮĶء
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һٰʮӵȱڣЩܵζˣط˸浵ļСҲȥӡ
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жӳǲµģĲʱǰʮ˻ֵ㿼˶ʮ˶ûУҲ׼ˣûŵͷʲô
Ȼûô˳
ǻȥˡ
̯ϴˣ
˾ٱ붭ͷǮ
аɣǾͰɷá
ʮ
Ǵʮ°ӡ
ﶭ͵סˣ˵Ҫ۶Ĳ
أ
¬ɣԪ
ԪЦ̫̫ͱʮӣǰͷʮɱһʮƨɶˣڻڴء
ԪԴ֪¬ɣ¥Ѱ˸רŹ
էȻط꣬ϲֿޡ
Ԫ䣺Ҳ˸ұţҿҪˣ
¬ɣæǸԲ𣬶ԲΪԼûȰٸ㱨š
ԪҿɫȻã֪ûʲôͷࡣ
ԪʱʱذѶҵϢ¬ɣ
үޣ
˴
Ԫ˵үڹԩ˵ŮǮ̫̫һΪ޹أΪ̫̫Щʱȥϱ߷˿һ֪
¬ɣѾ֪˵ʲôˡ
˹ȻĻԼ
ٲ̫̫Ʋϵүžͱס
¬ɣⶭ޾ޣʣϵҾû˵ô
ԪЦУֵ̫̫ܴ˰үһ٣ǲޡүСҲүүûޣǰ̫̫ͻҡ
ɩӵӣֻҵҲù
ҲԼµζˣ¬ɣ롣
Ԫеʣ¬𣿡
¬ɣصģѾˡ
õһʱͻ
¬޵ܣڶһƶϴֻأӦˬ                        
лҪ˵ʢİ״÷ڵ졣ԡӢ˧
ʱ䣺ʮҡ

 21 

Ԫ죬¬ҿԺлˡ
¬ɣ΢죬Ҫȥ
ԪҡҡͷҲǣүˣˣһؼȥҵҴˣý˵ףʹҼ޳ȥ
Ԫʮ꣬¬ɣСһ꣬ڹŴǼǵͣȷʵԼˡ
¬ɣʵԸ𣿡
Ԫ̾һԸ⡣ڶ֪ҪʲôӣһŮղͲݣôŬеĺӣкӴһȥѧͽŮӴһȥ˼ѾҲӣû취Ǵ󲿷Ůˡ
¬ɣȻ
һ۾ͷĿ˾
ڹŴһŮҪı˺ѡ
룬Ԫһ𣿡
Ԫɴ۾Щ̫ס
ҹӶ㣬ǮõأиŮ㶼أ
¬ɣѾˣǿŮģȻĴ󲿷ֶǹѸиϣ
ŮŮ˶ĻڣƲԼģӲֻҪǮӲ̫ѹ
ͿԪԼѡǴӵͨŮôһǸ¬ɣһǮ
ʵһ·Ҳףһ׺ķ껪ϾԪڵͿ˼Ҷ࣬ȹ˶ʮٻȥˣܼ޵ľһЩ򣬻ʹûɶµˡ
¬ɣѺû˵ףȻԼٻش
Ԫ֣룬Ը¬Ҳ¿ֻۣ»ûϣ
ͬ𣿡
ǸòǵҪ⡣
Ԫں˵ҪңΪӵƸ񡣴ҸдǷһҲˡһһʮܻ𡣡
¬ɣЦǵҲòʮꡣǾô˵ˣֻڻס˼ЩǮҵطȥɣһң˾ͻؼҡӣһס
Ԫ˵صͷţ
ȻѾǷ˵Ǯ¬ɣûûծһĸоϾѾǷծ
Ϊ˱¬ɣĴҵһͣչ˺˵θðİװ֣ܣ
£һһȡԽԵ壬¬ɣһЩˬĲȡ
ұ˱ѱˮٱϡϣٷż÷ȥ̡
һԣⶫֶ̫ӣ¬ɣֻ󣬲Ÿÿ׼һСٱ
е鶼źõķ㷢չ
¬ɣ÷֭뷹Ÿپкĺܲ
ŷ󣬼۸ˣڹپ;ʺϵСġ
¬ɣһϷ±븣پĴ׶ϵȵľףԺãرǷ˳ԸپͷɻϺʶʵʵϣԴγá
ȷʵһļ棬Ҫһɾʳıʶȡúõʳζͱһʳĸ߳һء
б֤ԵȻ᳢Է븣پջӭ
һ̼˱÷֭¬ɣȥҩ÷ɽ髡ǰģû͵ͷˮպϣˬζÿ춼⡣
һȥɱӡ
ôѮϸã¬ɣһ˿ʮˡ
ǵ۱ȱĵطҪȥõأҲֻðĶأֵػǮ̫Ȼи԰ΣǾصʱãȰС
ֽдд㣬üͷ̫
ⷿӡðһȵȸʮֻҪȥһ롣
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Ѱʵɽ⡰ɵϡũҵչ˰ٰϰնܾҪ췴ˣͰͷϣ⼸˵̰أʱʱĿǮ
¬ɣҶסټ׻εЩʱҴ⣬ֻǰȥЩҪǵˡ
ף취
¬ɣԪȥ¥ְ̯кü̯Ҳ÷֭ź͸پһ۸񣬱¬ɣҪ͡
ԪĹĵ˵ôǵø˼ѹۣ
ȷʵǲˡ
ֻ˵Ÿپ¬ɣԭ˸ȥûʲôǹѹ۾Ͳԡ
һЩ˿ͱͼ۸ˣ¬ɣⲻ̫á
ԪС˵ҪҪҲͼ۸񣿡
һڷѹѹȥɶԾΪ˻رԽԽԪȻȥ̯򼸸ǵĶԱô
Ԫȥ˻÷֭ЩѵӦˮˣǷŲóҲóԼҵĺáԼҵķ͸ӲҲãڸиǲ
¬ɣˣƶùգԷ븣پ򡣡
šԪ¬ɣʮŷ
Ȼգǵº
ʱĩѾ꣬ʰ̯ӡ
ԪȻָһ˵㿴Ǳ´ɫӵĹҲˣֲ֣ǳת
¬ɣ̧ȥֻһɫıӰڵס⸽û¾ͳɡ                        
лҪ˵û˵һ¡
ӦҲ°ɡ

 22 

ԴԪ˵ǸŮӣ¬ɣġ
ֹˣؿĳࡣ
üӣӯһյС˵ǸС˶ﴩһ£߻ѾͷӦǸСӡ
Сգȴʲô¬ɣòá
ˣС֣С㣬Ϻõ÷֭پҪҪһ㣿
Ԫ˵ǰǰãʣĲˣСٲɾûˡ
ֻСüͷһ
ãҪͲҪɡ
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ǿ˴ˣСӼˣæ˵ʣµҶҪˣ
󵽣¬ɣȻλϧСӡ
ԪֽѸپϵõݸСӣСüëһѾͷѾͷæӹ
չˣ
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׻ϻʱһӲ˸ոá
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۾Ц¬ɣ¬С⣬һ
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˵Ͻתȥ
Ҫ˲ˣ˫רעؿʱҲ·Ҫȥ
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𻪾ƹǺþƣɫˮζдһһҲɤӣζ
ӡԭϾʱŸ׺һС𻪾ƣ¬ɣִʱֻȹơƹƣȻƾƶ˵ǵһΡ
ֻúúȣ֪Ͷһ㡣Լ̣̲סȥ棬Ȼ뵽һ飬֪Цˡ
¬ɣȻѹԼôЦڱɲɵЦô̧ȥƣ۾ײһ
ò˼æƱˣҾһףˡ
⣬ͻȻ·ƴһʱ벻ˡ
¬ɣӲͷƤ˵нգн񳯡
˵һɫ˵ˡ
û¬ɣܷƺţǿû㲻ŰҿԱʦ
ȵ۴ҵδе㣬֣ƣף˳Σ֮Ҳ
Ϊ֤Լû¬ɣߴﹾ౳ˡʦ
׼ֵһ±ƣ׻κȵ߰˷ˣ¬ɣڱʦﺬ˵㱳һΪˣˣ磬Ǽѽ
¬ɣ̬رһƪʦᡢˣ㱳𣿡
ﶼεЦ⣬ҡҡͷ
û˰ɣ
ϡ
ˣ
¬ɣƵԼǰûһԸ̣
ϲȣӰǧٿףȥʱСĴʳָϣѪð
¬ɣ˻һۣ
ҿ
ɫһ̹鿴
¬ɣѳѪָ쵽ǰ죬۾ʪ
ʵҲۣû˹ʱôȥˣôһʣ¬ɣøۡ
Ҳ۵ء
ȥ˸ӣƾ޲ϸĵΪ
¬ɣκģ°ͣơ
ÿüëÿ۾ÿҲÿ
¬ɣȥ˵°͡
ʵһ㣡ͷҲû̧˵
ֻջˣ¬ɣϧ˵°Ҳͦÿ
ôСͱܡ
ˣ˿ʼѵ
¬ɣСһһףǣ
ԺȾơ
ǣ
ƺҲãһ䣬ǰһ޷
ǣƾͷ¬ɣԽеظͷ
ôô
ȷ֪ˣ
ǣˣ
Ѿʲô֪ˣ¬ɣͻȻֱĳһ仰ˣҵĹɶɣ                        
лҪ˵Ůе㻨չʵ˧ãĶġ
ȵ۴ҵδе㣬֣ƣף˳Σ֮Ҳԡʦ˵ϲʦһƪŮ붴žڱʦ
ʱ䣺

 23 

˼ˣ㷿Ъš
һǴԼġ
¬ɣԼûѣԼ߻ȥ
ѿֱۣͷЦ㿴ߵúȡ
۲תЦȻ
סˣٻع¬ɣѾȥˡ
ϰϰһƾͷ²һ£һվȣ˻żԼߡ
ģظš
ԺӱϾ󣬼ʹĲȣ¬ɣҲܿߵԼסӣȴûȥ̨
Ļһִ̣ѵأӰӳ棬ˮˣҡڲ롣
¬ɣ˫ֱȣ°͸ϥϡ
ССһţҹɫԵø¼š
ﱻһǵģ߹ȥ¬ɣ
ƾӷӦٶۣ¬ɣδΪʲôΪʲôߣǳЦҲڰ
ڡ
¬ɣ۾૵ڳ裬˹ĽΡΡΡ
΢Цˣö
СʱүүץþûЩˣھصСʱ򡣡
ִûʲôǣңĸ飬иԵļͥΪ׸СүүңûϵүүõİүүҲϣúðɡ
Ҫȥ˯ˡ¬ɣҪվΪˣէȻվȱͷҪˤ䵽һůĻ
ò˼ȥԲ𡣡
˫ִţӲʵ¬ɣֻȫģ˳ƿļϡ
ٺͼǵò̫ˣʱ컹ֻ
һˬ¬ɣϽ𴲣׼ȥ÷֭پȣѾʳĶ׼뵱˲ڻңܿ׼ˡ
ʱͿʼˮĥ⡣
쾬ףĥۣҪʯе򣬺ܴһֶ
¬ɣ׻ʹӦæˡ
յõϸѩ׵ˮĥ⡣
¬ɣ˿緹壬ָһ
ϵ飬Ȼˣ´»ǵЩƺ˱طģ¬ɣһĻ;ȡ
᲻Ϊڽװ裬ռˣ
ȥֻһڳԷˡ
׻δ߰ô˾õȡ
¬ɣһҧǺˣʲô֪ʲôǵþС
˷¬ɣ˸˵Ŀ⽺һ𣬺ַֿܿ
¬ɣ˿
緹׽ʣⲻֻйųԵ𣬶ҳԵǸһ
¬ɣ͵ôƣˣϱߵ⣬һճĲˣйܳԡ
˵ߣȥá
ⱾΪף٣ףһһã¬ɣʱġϵ飬Ҳ˼ó
Ͻ극¬ɣˡ
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ûȥֻü۽һ
ֻһ˲ɫ̩ɽ֪ʲô

¬ɣһ⳵ţԪ¥ֻϣ̯ӿˣ
ãǮҪ飬ֻкù˿ͣѶȥ
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¬ɣиҪ飬ԪӣǰӣסˣǿԶ㶫Ҳÿسܡ
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˰¯ӹøձĴæտ˾ѯ¥ûж档͸ǣ¥ʱûУĽС
죬¬ɣ˼¥֣оͰк֪ͨһǼ۸΢һҲ޷
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׽ȥׯѲӣֻڡ
¬ɣʹ˸ɫС˵Сˡ
¬ɣСǺˣ
ҪͣͼһɫȹŮҡ߳۾¶ϵشˡ
¬ɣҲ̧ȥһλС¥λ
￴ӣ桢֮ƺһ˿ʡ
ֻλĽ˵Ĺ¬ɣԼµİ˾Ųʮ
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¬ɣղżлһǺݸϴҲתߡ
վסСǰǱɵң
¬ɣÿɷ񣬷ʣǺˣ
æ͵λС˵ֶŮ
ԭ˼Ĺð
λó֪֪ˣ֪Żȥ¥ִ̽˵Ȼ¬ɣѡ                        
лҪ˵òǴͳϵıù


 24 

¬ɣݸ£Сಽظţһͻੲݡ
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ֱɣ治֪ұ羿
ã¬ɣûС㣬Ͳˡ
о仰ô˵ţ鲻֪һﶼãƫƫϲңѽ治˼
¬ɣʮ˵
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ɶҿɺˣ⸮Ҫ÷磬Ҫ꣬Ҫͷ¶ͷ¶棬ʲôɶң˵ĸα
С۾ˣͣǻһһ
¬ɣҡͷΪöλߣ˭֪仰¶ԼĵƣܻӣԾܲλòð
¬ɣҪҲʮףֻҪǰ˵ôôԼ罺ᣬۣ׼ÿ
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¬ɣΣԼ۸ˣ˵˾Ϳޣû˼
СϽ۾ɣƣ˭˵ҿˣһҲûޣ
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۾ˣױҲˣ
СдӾ￴ԼǱӣ˾ӣزãҪ¬ɣķüá
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ʰ׵ϽͿͣżأû˹ͣϽ߰߰ɡƴӡ
¬ɣԭǴȥ緹ǿСƺǲȥŲСԡ緹СüͷС롣
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Сĵջĸ硣Сһ˵ֻһɹȥ
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뿪еԼˣ¬ɣѸٵ飬ʩʩȻ߽ȥһ衣
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Сסˣϸ룬Ҳǻȥ˵һԣҹġ
¬ɣԺҲͬ˲ϲҲû취顣
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˭۾Ҳ˶ãҪϲϲˣ˵ûң˶ϲ㡣
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һ˵ÿСͲˡ
¬ɣˮϴСϴ·Ϸۣʰܼˡ
ؼң
ȥСƵ˵˵ҵﲻãԱŲϲң
¬ɣ絽ãϲ
СԻҲ֪䵭úܣͳ˵Ļûʮ䣬ҵ˵ã԰ð
¬ɣȫˣС㴿ǹŴŮӣС󣬼˵Ļ᲻࣬и൱󻹲ˣټϸĸ˵ĹĶΪϲòˣʵ˵Ϳġ

 25 £׽棩

С㻽һ
¬ɣС죬Һء
¬ɣһҳ飬̵˵ҲС
С죬վ˸񣬵ҽ˼̽㷼
¬ɣе飬񣬡ҽ¬ɣ
Сʮ֣ص˵ҸϸˣһҲã˵û«ҲҾԺϲˡ
¬ɣƣϲͨͺá
ǰɵͰ͵ߴգǶԼҲ϶޲ȥġԺķҪֻһˣԸ˵
Сʼ˵¬ɣû뵽ȻػԣѹҪһԸ˵ˡ
СĻתܿ죬תڵٶҲʮֿ죬ʼ˻زȡ
ƢҲġ
һ㶼𪡣
˵˰Ǳ߹ϵҲãиĸƫƫøɷƵġ
ҲСزסӣ¬ɣ֪˺ܶ顣
ʮʱ˰룬޸塣˵Ϊ˰լ̫ң䵽ˮȾ˺ȥˣһ㡣
˰룬Ǵ˵˰ĵճӣŴضӣôұأ
¬ɣʵΪʲôҪԼס
˼˵Ҳ̫·˵ε˰˿粻˳ۣݱ벮үȾүŭѱϳ˼š
¬ɣ˼صͷ
˼Ҿñ类ˣΪô߳㣬ҾûŮˣ費㰡ıж֮񱡣
ڽ˳ǹܵĻʱʱ̷ʵ϶ҪٽĹټһµദ¬ɣΪլ˵ĵլС
ѵģ
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СҪȥˡ
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Сæҡҡ֣Щ˼˵鷳ˡٺ٣и㣬ƢеҪСġ
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˵㣬ΪǶԳʦĲ𡣡
Ц£˵ݫģл棬𣿡
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͵ضεӶǱҪģ⵹ˣһӡ
Ԫɴ۾Ҳ̫˰ɣҴű˼Ͳˡ
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ʮӾôȥˡ
Ԫۣ¬ɣҲۣСʱûһС롣
ǵĵӿúøɣȡս𣡡¬ɣ׳
Ԫ֣һġ
ͷĲƥѾˣ¬ɣԪɨһֱӾͿס
Ԫļˣ¬ɣסļӣԽͰ𣿡
¬ɣЦסǼ䶼УҲû⡣Ҫȸ˵һܰᣬһס𣿡
ԪҰŴþ;Ͳˣֻסﻹǲ̫ãǣһǹţòã
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¾㱸ֻҪˡ
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뵽¬ɣĹĵ˵᲻                        
лҪ˵
Ҿ壬ʮ¡

 26 

Ӻ¬ɣ¿ʼ滮⡣
бǮޣ߲˸ߴϵľƷ·ߣֻȴ·߿ʼϾͨղĿԴ
÷šپЩҪģǷСԪæù
ԪʣǷʲô
¬ɣͣǰ೴װȻǿѡǼ˶Ǯһز˶Ǯһټ׷
Ԫ޵ã򵥷㡣
ԭǸ꣬˷ݣΰʻŪľ˳ߴ磬ͿʼΣðһЩƷģˡ
¬ɣһֳɾ͸УȫԼĵطǼ£ÿ˵ɫ԰һ˯
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ԪӴǣһСڹ¬ɣϲȡ˸ֽڽ
ڽ´Сǿź䣬ؼţ¬ɣԪĲ١
׼ֵѾûп¬ɣˣĹ׽ӹܡ
׻θڣ磬ôÿ緹棬ܲС⽡壬л氡
׽Ҿˮƽʲô棡;Ȼ¬û֮ǰķô˵ʲô
׻κٺЦɼףѡ
׽ֵһۣҿ㻹Ǿϰ߰ɣܲ¬һӷ¬ﲻġ
֪Ҫ޸˵ģԲԣ
׻βɵӣ׽һ㣬ܿͿϲ¬
Ҿմմ˵Ĺ⣬Ż췹ԡ￴Ҫϲˡ
׻־òԣ֣¬ԭǴ˵ˣȥ˻Ҫһô鷳˵ôģȻϲ¬Ͳð֪Щʲô
Ϊϲ¬Ż
׽Լֵڳˣ鷴ӳٶۡ
¬Ը߰檵ˣȻҲһҪȥסҾô˲ϲңһңд˰õ飬ܹˡ
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׽һǴ£ү˹ܲϣүǺǣһ˰ľλʵְǴ˸Ʒ
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׽ܵܵĻסˣЦСƽûУõͦģֵڼҲûãԼȥɡ

һӢɽ̼֮У˳
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Ȼϣ˰ﰵἰ̫ʦʶʱ
Цһ˵ʶʱʲô
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ʸףǻϵģ̫ʦģ
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˵ҹһ̫һ¬ɣ;ãϷɵˣΪʧߡ
ŬҵҶС㲻
лҪ˵ԺҪ׷޻᳡˹


 27 

¬ʳʽš
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죬̨ˣʣһ׷
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С֧֧ᣬ1qaq˵ǱĸαҶ֪ˣͲǱңϴˣһûأ                        
лҪ˵

 28 

Ԫ춹ɳСӶŻð룬ʣʲô
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Сһ׷Žϸϸıɳﻯ̵ĺ춹ֽ
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С㣬ʮΪʲô𣿡
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С˼ءŶһ
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ڽ֪ϰˣһɢ˵أܵ¬ɣǰл
¬ɣ룬ĸ˸飺ˣǱ߿˺ɻ羰ãҪȥǱɢ
ЦЦԴǵ˵ҪﵱֵֻܳϳѲ飬ҵְڣɢ
ҹѲӽֵɼ¬ɣ޻˵                        
лҪ˵vʱĲҲһ̲Ǯֲףϣ֧棬뱰΢ߺȱ̲ɡ
ӵġ͡Ԥաİ£
̫׵ܽʮС檵Ůĸ󷢴һС檸ϳ˺
ԴıΪ˸βΪ
һŻװɵ޳ܣ㶨
õӺ󣬵Ȼˡ
ʱģһŮϷˣŭֹ
̫Ϊ£ΪΪԴͻ顣
ԣĸǱ̫ɱ̫ѳų̫ѪԵϵֶŮ鲻ýɣ
롰𡱾ӡ
Գӣһ꣬ҹҹǣű¡
һףȻϲмȴ
ʶ,˹顣,ĺ˼Թʹ
ʵһܺС޵Ĺ£𵽵
Ϊ㣬ĸԸ͡



ҹѲҹѲɡ
иÿѲһ, ЩƦåҲҴŮ˵⡣
ҲÿնѲӣżû׽׻αһˡ
ʱ䳤, ԪЩʲôˡ
, ʵǹءĹ￪꣬⻹֪ǵöۺ죬˼ÿչ߶˭Ҳ۹£
¬ɣǿ磺ʵСʳҲռɹɡ
˽סСʳꡣ
ǣԪ˵߳ȥ֪˰ͽ, Ǯû·, ҲǿڹķҲǵġ
¬ɣ, Ԫ㶮ࡣ
ԪͶ˼Ц, ٹʱȱ衣
յ¬ɣ˵ʥڶɽ˽, ̫ʦ̻ɸ˰ЩĿ̻ǵ, ۼҸڵ鷻ʮӣҿ˵ĹϵǽʮӾ͹ˣȻôȥٶ࣬Ҳ
Ԫ˵ʵ
ʵۻӹ, Էм鳼Ϊб˻񣬹ǾҲ˵ʢԵ·ǿ̫ƽѡ
Щ¬ɣСܽ飬ĻԼ顣
ﰵȷʵࡣ˵ûСʳͲһ˳ؿ
ˣٹʱ¬ɣܿȲ衣
ô˵ٻѰɣά־֮ˮ״̬¬ɣظ˵Ĺϵ˸ʡ
ˣҹѲºܺȵ¬ݵĲˡ
Ȳ裬¬ɣһԲΪҹԪһһ롣
Ŵ׷۴СԲӣ׾죬ȻٿȥŴľԲӾͳ¯ˡ
ԪҪʢһ룿
¬ɣ˲̫ʳɣ
ס£ûпʳ
źÿ֮¬ɣԥһӣԾɸʢһԲӡ
ľԲӣ˲ͳɡ
¬ɣѻ˵ĺǫ飬۾ȴ˼ҪǸˣ
΢΢һЦöҺ
񡭡ûС
ŴԲŴޱȣ˿˿׾뵰øոպãˣСʱ
ʱʱ˰˸ãһ˰ȥӶˣ³˾ԲӣڣСʱһԹóԵĶԴ֮Ҳûܳζ
벻ջٳ
ܰۡ
Ƶ͵ƣ¬ɣЦ̿ƺѯζô
пɡֲѿڶʱֹסܺá
¬ɣ˫Ŀģ
⻹һοǰпִһǳʲôޱ飬ʳҪֻǹѡ
üۺЦĺܺãҺϲ
۾ܺںʱרע·ֻ֮һ˶ѡ
¬ɣܲתǾͺá
ԣٺһ𣿡
ȻܣԪӻ˵ȥʢԲӡ
ʣµСԲȫ˶С
ԹԲӣ˸ǣ¬ɣȥڽɵظһߣʱʱצϴ
¬ɣȥ°ͣ⹷˳ڵϷȻѶƤ¬ɣ¬ɣȥĶƤڽʵߣͷһ֡
ģģ¬ɣ̲סЦ̧ͷ˵ƣڽÿɰ
ҹ£ŮЦŶЦģǡ
Ծ˵һ䣬ɰ
¬ɣסˣ˵һҲɰʱˣȥɡ
̬˲ñ䣬Ҳӿ
ζѾһء
¬ɣҰȥ̬Ⱦ䵭
̬ȲתȲ裬ԾӣһжúõģͻȻֱ֮òһˡ
ʴӣǰһס¬ɣ󣬡㵽ôˣ
¬ɣͷȥûôˡ
ҵ۾˵ΪʲôͻȻֿ
¬ɣ̧ͷ뿴ֲӣҪ㣡
ͻȻ̾˿ʵ𣿡
¬ɣû
Щƺеѣʶ򶨵ȥ취ΨСŮӣ׽͸֪ô졣
˵ңˣһġ
¬ɣýˣô£
СŮβ仰Ẉ̂ǲϺú˵
ͷ飬ͻȻסļ΢΢ȥ
¬ɣһ
Ϊʲô˺ִš
¬ɣŮģ룬Ī⣬ʲôʱˣ
ѵ˵߽ҵ˶֪ʧ򶨣ȴ֪޾װɵ𣡣
̧ͷȥϵ̲סķңɫʧȥ˰ǡ
¬ɣһЦˣû£ģȥɡ
ؿһۣƺ˵ʲôվû˵ͷҪ̷ȥɽ׻θһȥʲôֱȥ׽С
¬ɣƵءŶһ֪ˣлˡ
¬ɣӲ뿪

ˮܺã¬ɣٿƷ֡
˫Ƥ̡
˫Ƥ̵ѣĵ뵰Ʒֻµ壻ʵţ鵹ڹԼȣУ뵰ϣټϰǣȡ
Ϊ˱֤˫Ƥ̿ڸϸ壬Ҫٹ飬뼸ΰ״ףˮһӡ
󣬷ñбΪֵۣԵ׺۶ˮ֮ġ¬ɣ׼ˮϡϡӣҵȵȣϧڵʵޣȻҪ÷׺˫Ƥ̿϶Ư
˫Ƥ̵ĹУһ̲谡ȫ԰¬ʳ귢չΪһġĳɫѽ
˫ƤУ֡
¬ɣ룬Ԫ𥣬磬ͽңô
Ԫ֣ѽѽңڸϸ壬񣬿ɲŮӵô
ֻǣǮ΢ĹһЩԪۼ˺ֲܶϰ˼ҵıۼǮ˲١
˫Ƥе¥ҵĸоȻ۸̫ۡ
ͬʱҲ̫¬ʳλоͨյ⣬ר塣¬ɣݳɱǣʮһ롣
ˣҲܳܵķΧ֮С
ڿڸζԶԶʤˮ⣬һоȥٿˡסڱĹԱһκ󣬾Ϊ̾ĳʥʹ֮ͬ
λԱôһ˵˲ˡһҳΪ¬ʳƲƷǶ˶ĽƷΪ¬ɣòӡ                        
лҪ˵~̲
һʱ䣺
ΪԼɣרкܶģ湥ԡƭ޸֮󡷡ǧ𡷵ȵξѡ~

 30 

¬ʳĸС, ð˷ţ¬ɣ˸
ˣ, ӦǸԺѧ, 븣پҪ˼ˮ⡣
ԪСʳ˹ȥ󣬻ͬ¬ɣ˵㿴ˣɫӵľˮүҵĶӣǰҲң㻹ûӡ󣿡
¬ɣһۣƤС˹˹ĵ, о, ʲôӡ, ҡҡͷ, ǵˡ
һЦ顣
ʱڶҵСײˣھ̫̫˵, ˼ڲŮͬ˵Ҫȥ˼Ů, ǵĶͺգȥŮǰû
ƺʱҲֻǶ鹵ױȲңûܶ
ѵÿһͬоɵˣ¬ɣЦЦҲ͹ȥ, ЩҲš
ԹСʳͬˡ
¬ɣ˲̣ʮġ
Ǯݸ¬ɣ˵㣬ս̧ͷȴӻûߣüʾѯʡ
Ű˺죬¬㲻ǵСô
¬ɣҡҡͷʵм𣿡
һҾʼԱţСһ֣ˮʿ¬ڶүҼ벻ټɥ飬СΪѾ⣬ڼﰲȻСеο
״߶һѻ¬ɣеЩΡ
ϾûʲôӡôէȻʾУԲǣԪʹ˸ɫ
Ԫվ˵ү֪үҵĶӡ߽ûСڣĿû
æã˼˵Բ𣬶Բ𣬴⡣
¬ɣԪҪкĿˣ
վű͵͵¬ɣͬӣ֣Ǹûȥˡ
ڻԺ·ϣλͬ̾ǰĲἰãһ֪˾ɫѹҲҪʧǡ
طϣ˵ʲôû¬¬︸ĸ˫ľڶң붭ĲδлԼ
ͬ٩ǲôִ˴λؼң˸ױȢ˼ˡ
䶼ˣ飺¬ĹֲҪ˵
ô˵ŮӺϡ㸸δͬȢһ޸ĸͷ¶ŮӣɸǿԵġ
֣ϵʧԣ㲻ѡ
ͬˣæǸԲסҿֲҪ
һμǻҪָһʶҵϴ
ɫ
붭н飬˶ԶҵΪ˽⣬ȻҲ¬¬Ĵҹ㣬ĸ¬Ϊã޹ȥҲпѡ
ɥ飬ѸͶĹŮȥŴ檡¬һİǣͬҴ˾֮ǲźԼʳԼ
ô˾壡
кЩǣЩεڹУŲŲĹĹ㶵ģＰʮ֮һ
ԺѧӵĹϽϸ˳ŵĻᣬÿն¬ʳСʳ
ռ¬ɣסˣӲֻͨĿˡ
Ҳʧֲ˱ˣÿܼ¬һͺܿˡ
ԪˣЦʵЩӵܡ
¬ɣЦ˿;үӵķϣֻ˺úдУһͬʡ
Ѿǰ³ˣСʳ꿪Ž£йǵĸ⻹㲻µӪҵÿ춼ʮӡ
¬ɣĥһУԴȶԴǾǡԱơ
ִᣬŹ֣ÿһ꣬Ա޲ԱóŻ㣬Դ˳Ϊ̼ҵĳȶԴ
ڵӻԱûг֮䣬¬ɣǮָĻԱˣֻչеĻԱȫֻϸ㶨
Ա
ƶŻݷ磺ֵǮϣѰԱûԱѿɴۡպΪףʲôģԳֵٰʮģãԴơ
֮˽ʱ¬ɣԪ˵Աĺôտʼչ̫˳Ϊ˿Ҳɵģ൱ǰʳǮʳϰͻȻǮˣǵǮǴˮƯˣ
Դˣ¬ɣǿȣվüġЩһЩˣǮΪ˷˻Ա֮õ˳Ҳʼ
еһԱģһ˶ӣνǴֱʡ
¬ɣǼ֣һƵơ
Ϊ˷ֹð䣬ÿ꣬˿ͻǩ֣´ѱɺ˶ּȻڲʶֵĹ˿š
Աһ¬ɣһʮӵĻѡ

ʵ۳ɽʮŻ
׻ͬһͬȥģһʹ¶ӶܵʲôԵġ
׽ЦѾ׼ˣǻȥϴºܳˡ
˸³Ѿں˷ˡ
˿⡢ռ⡢ȵȣһŨͳུĲˣΨһ峴׿΢嵭Щ
׻ˣ̻ʣԵòࡣ
Թ׽бҪߴˣ¬Ͼٳǰע¬Ǳߵ
ǣ׽ʼ㱨¬ʳ⻹ûʲô˹ȥҡ
óһƵݸ˻Ա˼¬ŪһԱӡ
Լ糤ƽӹƵ¬ʳĸ֣¬иСףúߴţЯ˼Ҳֻ˼õ
𣿡
׽ԥҪҪѯʵĿͿðɣֻö˵ˡ
ģԺиŽ춼ȥ¬ʳ꣬ĸˮˣǰƺʶ¬ûʲô˼ҲÿȥСʳ
Ȼ׽Ļƽֱûʲôᣬ׻ѾŵˡüŪۿ
ûʲô飬ͷ֪ˡ
׻μˣˣҿǸ϶ǲģֻ²ǳԵģǳȥģ
϶׽ǳһҪ˵ÿֻȥԶûдŵ¬Ѿ¬ȷϹˡ
Ħǿƣﲻ֪ʲô׼ֵܶ²͸
죬ֻԸ׽ȥ֧ӳҸ˽°͸̲
˵һ̫ʦڱܱסǴҡ
뵽Щ£׽̾˿Ӧ                        
лҪ˵гˣ
ϻһʱ䣺ŵ

С

Թ, ȥ鷿
׽룬ȥʱܵ, Ȼʰˡ
ͷм׻, 衪
׽ջؼ̽ȥˣϻ
鷿׽óһ˲ˣ̫˽ЩĴ٣ׯľ룬ɡ
˰̫ĸλ̫Ǻ, ޵˲, ױʮַʢ, ټƼʮ, ˽˰Ĳҵ
˼۰ǰ峤֤, ˵棬Ĵ󲿷˽, ׯ档
˱鿴֧д˵ЩľӪԭַĿ޴, ӹе̰
ҲΪ̫˽˰ֳܴķ粨鵴Ȼ޴档
˲΢΢̧ʵǱˣ
׽ЦԴ뿪󣬲үȥﰵἰӡү˵ѣɽգΪһӣ͸ð̫˽Ųãö˵£˵ʲô̫ӣܺ˱ˣ˵Ҫ峤·̫˽
˱ǲļηˡ
÷Цˣͽ̫ʦжӶȥģҪû´λ״ŷӱóǮ
ʵ˰Ƴһ׵飬һЩ˼ȶĵ顣
׽ѵ˲µûүἰ峣ӣǾ취ɡ
޲Ǹĸһ׵з
һǮƵˣ˼ƽϣ㲻õģдã˰С
׽˼Ȼа취Ǿͺá
ҳȥߡ
׽룬һȥ¥ֿ¬ˡҪĵ̫࣬¬ܽд˿ġ
¬ʳСǷǷֻһ٣˵磬¬ɣԪϾֻż˹Сġ
˳Թ¬ɣƤƣڵ¿顣Ԫ쾮˵ȥȥ
¬ɣĬĬӣѽһٹտˣ
Ԫʹӣףҷ·ŵһɹˣ
¬ɣЦıӱȺڽĻ飬ŵǼĻ˼ԺĹ
ԪٺɵЦһ˵ڣҾ;Լŵ˹㡣𻨺ðǿ𻨸⣬й׾Բ
𻨣¬ɣ𱦴ҵͥԺǿô׳Ĺ֦Ҷï½£Ӧͥ˰ɡ
Ҹȥռ𻨡
϶Ӧɣ˵Щûпˣ֪Ƿɽݻʵأ

ڽܹһס¬ɣȹǣϡ
Ԫ̵϶˹ҹѲˣ
˸źڽȻվµ
¬ɣһ˿˿ĸˣкˣþδɺã
Ҳ¶΢ЦҺܺãأ
¬ɣһ֣ЦҲܺãóԺ˯⻹˳һж
˵ˡ
Ůӣȣ۽üҶЦ⣬Ȼɼû
ǵ鲻٣һ¬Цգеȫͬ£ޱȡ
Ԫɫʱ׳һ䣺ˣɳ
δù
Ԫ¬ɣôûأ
ôţȻ˳ѽ
¬ɣϰЩС⽣ʣ²٣Ҫǲ
شúܿ졣
¬ɣȥС⽡
ǼϺڵģ¹ֱӷڼϲ飬һļС⽾ˡ˳ְ˸ϣһͬȥ
ȵһˡȻſʼԡ
¬ɣЦҡҡͷ࣬ûҹѲࡣ
ҡҡͷҹѲܳԵҲࡣ
һ
¬ɣ޺޵룬Ϊʲôô˵
°ͿֵϢʵ˼ҵĹ𻨿˰ɣ
ˣӶѬˡ
¬ɣĽˣպ˷ӣһҲҪͥԺһù
ʣ𻨸⣬տɲȥ˸ժ𻨣
ʣ϶ӦȻ˸һ෴ĴӦԡ
¬ɣȥǰװС⽵룬ԣҲҪҵСˡ
һ˫С¹ۣĹĵԼڵ¬ɣ쳣ɰҰѻ˵꣬ղԣȹͿˣȻѹ𻨶޶ˣҹû棿
ﺬŨŨЦ⣬¬ɣ˱ͣӦ˵
Цǣ´ˣԭҰɣ
¬ɣᡰߡһ
ȥҸϹڰɣ׽׻Σ趼ȥ
¬ɣǣҪ롣
ЦſʹӦ˰ɣ׻߶ĸ齴
¬ɣ𣿡
ǴӦ˰ɣ
¬ɣȷʵͦǣھҪ˶֣ǵͷðɣôңҾΪȥɡ
۾Ц⣬¬ɣ˵ãҵ㣬ɢ
¬ɣɢ
ţȻ˵иԺѧÿ춼д㣬ң
¬ɣҡҡͷû¡
ƺţģ
¬ɣ˼ÿСʳǾҵүҪúкˣ
ͳһС¬ɣǰ˻ΣҲү
¬ɣ
ƺЩһĪǡѵǳԴˣ
Уүȥɡ
ҿȥ뿪
¬ɣ΢΢ͷǣźڽӡ
һݣͱһžдʡ
Ԫչʣʲô
¬ɣʲôʱΪǮˡ
ʲôʱ򣿡
꣬ߺ꣬ɡ¬ɣǻش
ǮʱùԹԵ˳˰ɣ
̼ҵľ飬һҪúýڼյԴûнҲҪա
ڼ٣¬ɣ϶ҪΪվù׳Լһ
±ѽ
ûп¯¬ɣֱӷƤ±ֵƯıƤ±
Ƥ±򵥣뿾¯ʺϲˡ
¬ɣ˲Ŵ׷ۡճ׷̶ۡȵȣȻȥҩӣ˼񻨡ƣ˳ȥʵĲˣº졢ơɫˣǻһɫ
¬ɣȥҲ֪ʲôܵɫֻգ̰ɫƤ±Ҳ
лҪ˵
һ¸ʱ䣺ʮ㡣

±

Ҳõ, ˼壬Ǻɫģȡһˮ, ֮ˮͻƯĺɫ, ԵɫѲ˵֭ˮõɫİɫǱƤ±ԭɫ
ģô¬ɣľҾʱһ˲ٸģߣԲģģĵģǵĶУĵȻʽģߡ
һ׼, ͿʼƤ±
Ŵ׷ۡճ׷۰һıǡͽ, Լɫˮ, Ȼ, ͵õƤ±Ƥ
ϣ¬ɣֻ׼̶֣ɳ̻ڡ
±Ƥ, ģӡμɡ
ɺıƤ±Сɾ£ɫˡ
Ԫ಻סצ, ζ
¬ɣס֣𼱣ʱζѡ
Ԫͣһ͹һ𣿡
¬ɣŪĿЦãֻǰһö
ССһƤ±סԪھͳ¶, ڻˬģŴ׳Զ˱ˣۼҵ±һ㶼壬ҸоԼٳû⣡
ȻԪϣôͿԳǰƳС׬һʡ
ôɴĽС±ˣ򵥴ֱ׶
̰׸ö±һУɳ̻ƸռöÿаʮǮ
ͳ±ÿ¯ƶɣ¬ɣƳ±п˾ͺܲ⣬ܽ±
¬ɣЦŽ͵ˣҲûı飬ĸ伮й涨±Ҫǿ¯İ±ݼĹƷ޹̶ƣӦòƷǿĻǱİɡ
һ¬ɣĻЦ¬˵˼
λ˵ļ򣬡ǹªˣﲻͬ磬ʮﲻͬףֿ֪ص±ľˣ
˴󾪣Ȼڣ
ЦȻĳϴһԹһ̵ڵ±
¬ɣﰵЦѣֻ벻ģûģиϡڵأ²˼ڡСϺڡɿڡ
Ҳλ֣ôһۣ̰Ѵҵע˱±
ֻһ磬±ϰٺУиĴ˼ҵʹһʮС
ԪЦŶ¬ɣ˵ǽ컹ˣٶ㡣
ʤ׷¬ɣͷãٶ㡣
¬б±һº͵
Ԫգգۣү
֡ԵζӺˣͰ͵ǡ
¬ɣԪʹ˸ɫʾҪڴȤˣȻ±ݸ±ûб鱣棬ֻܷһϣóȥ뾡ʳá
¬ˬһˬķ磬̹
ֻһ¬ɣæͷʮ˵лѣСμġ
ߺԪɤӣѧ˵СμġȻЦү棬±һģǲǸ˵Ҳģ
¬ɣԪͷүǵү´˼ɲٴȤˣ
ԪЦ
һ±ԺҪõͬһ֪ô£Ȥֽ첻óԱĶˣ±ܹ
±ָͬǳԣԼóһ鿴˰Ҳûȥһ֡
ھᡰɼҵ⡣
ȳɼңҵ
ʣͦϲ¬ģԭĴǵǹȥ¬飬ָı뷨˳ɼҺŻᰲȳɼҲɼҵɼֶǷҵǰͷ
ң֪츳ޣǲұ̫еĳйҫ鹵˼ԼȴԹٳȤֻԸңһƽͨˡ
ؼҺĸ˵Ȣ׵飬һۣ¬ɣ˵ֻɲؽһ
䣬ĸͷһԣɣ޸ĸĹŮһôܽҵţ
ƽö࣬ڰ֣ЦˣҵŵҲ˵϶󡣡
һҲǸˣûٽһһة´ţǹٻ޹ְ˵Ҳػӡ
ޣֻҲͬһ࿼һ˾͵ͷˡ
˰Ѷӽе鷿ͬ˵˵λﵽ˭
Ҳ֪ģ¬򹫵Ů
˴һ
ͷھǿһСʳ꣬Ľ¬ƷʶȢΪޡ
ð˼¬ŮƷ޻˵
¬ԨԴ¬Ͼʱ¬ةԷĸΪɴǹٹٺ¬µ顣
¬򱻽ѺѶʱҲȥ̽ǵԼңվûȥΪ˱ӣҲ¬ة顣
¬Ѿȥ꣬ᣬ˵ˣΪ¬ģ˵պ¬򻹻ᷭ
Ȣ¬С㣬ӦöԼҲӰ죬һշ֮ŮԼİ
Ͼ¬ԼΪ˰롣
뵽һ⣬ԭҿ¬Сľ˾˶ͻǸ֪ˣȴû뵽ȻŮ飬˼ңԸ⵱߶ġ
׵Ŀɶ˵˵ģ¬СѾͬ˾˶Ͼ˹ϵ
˵¬СͬԼ׾˾˴˾Ů֮Լȷʵֵþ壬ͨǿƣһ˳ŮӡȷҪȢ¬СΪޣ
ʹͷԸ⣡
ˣУĸǱһȥ˵ġôҸýȥװɡ

¬ɣȻ֪ӭһ飬ڵ˼ڱ±ϣ±⣬ھͲˣҪ⼸ӡ
Ԫæһֱæա
ؼһ۵Ľգ¬ɣֻ쿪꣬ϢϴģԪһͬȥҸ硣
ʱ֣˹ʳ꣬Ԫʰӣ¬ɣæẈ̂ž
һͻȻϵƣȫʧյ±ëȻһʮ֮ࡣ
⼸ֵã
ȻҪԼ¬ɣ¥Զ׹һǽ㣬һǽ«ѽ«͸Ԫ񣡡
ԪŶ׹૵ƯҲа
ȻҸϡ¬ɣԪϽ«׹Ԫǰոͣͷ¬ɣ˵һԽԽã
¬ɣ΢ЦԣԽԽá
ʱ׼ȥҡ
ڽԪһүôˣ
˵¬ͽġ
ԪһĴӣͷװ˴ʯ񣬻ƳȳȵӣһѣԼһ𻨸⡢̶֮ġ
Ҫȥ¬ɣͼһԪЩˣǸһˡ
¬ɣʱֻҴҵıӰ
ԪҪЩ˼ң
ȥӣѽһôôأ
¬ɣ룬ͳǮԪ޹»׷ȥǮ͵ġ                        
лҪ˵ﲻͬ磬ʮﲻͬסԴӦǡӴϰ,ǧס
쵽޳˹
컹һ£ʱӦҡ

з

ԪǮȥ׷, ǲҪǮ
㲻ǮĶǹҲաԪӲǽǮ
Ҹһֻ֪ܲԪ
ԪŮ, ԺͶˣ
ֶ, ˵ԪС֪ˣСᾡýš
̫ͣýšĸԪûʲô
ڵһֺˣ˰˵ڡ
ƵŤԪûˣǣ¬ﻹڼҵء
ص, ¬ɣ˵ү, ߵĴ, Ǯ, ҾӲˣ
һӹϹ㣬ʵЩӷһʱҲԲ, Ȼȥ˼ҰɣٻǮȥ򡣡
Ҳ, Ҳ൱ԼǮġ
һϽȥ˱ҡ
¬ɣ򵥵ظԪ˵ˣԪ˫Ŀý˵ļֻĸ˰ͦõģҪ˶࣬ҾͲȥˡ
¬ɣ׼ֵܶǺܺദ, ֮ǰסҲǵչˡ
ܿſͣ˵¬ˣ
׻ΰæѹȥ¬ɣٰԪܸǣʵأ
Ͻ˴˽ҪЩʱܻ
Ȼʼ¬ɣ¬齴ɣ
¬ɣֱ̯ʾΣ齴Ҫʱ䣬϶ˣԵİɡ
׻˶ΣôҲǼõģҲҴ¾ڳأϽȥ֣Ȼ֪ٺöᱻ
Դȥ󣬴˳ԵԽˣ¬֣ǴҶԶٺõġ
ԪЦСǼҴ˿ûٳԡ
ÿϹ̶¥ֳҹ
¬ɣϵΧȹȥͿ׽ŵһֻŬзж˿飬æǰʵܹܣǴʲôˣ
׽ҿз׼һзƸ
ﰡ
ЩзͷС
зҺƣ̨
Ҫˮˣ
¬ɣ̵и飬ֱɡ
׽ûɶˬ˵УȻֱӰʣµίи
¬ɣһ⡢˱پз
ͥԺѾںΣԪæŶ˲ȥ¬ɣһߴзôˣһ߷Ըȥ˻ûз˾Ͳóˣ
һˡ
վűߣǺЦ¬ɣ
¬ɣһ죬˾͹æ˰зȥɡ
зջз
зôܲ;ջأ
¬ɣʱͿ°ջ׻ΰᵽ¡
ջһͲǷƷһջɫģڴһ仨Ӧǡĵһ裬Ļɫϸ£ǧ˿ƣ¬ɣϵã׻νʲô֡
׻εǽʮɡ
¬ɣƯģһȥҲż
׻˵Ҿ𡣡
¬ɣüС˲ǣϡҲֻǾջѡ
Ǯ
׻κ˵ģջټֵʮ
϶Ϲ˵ջǻ͵ģҲֵôӡ׽˵󣬲һ졣
׻ĵ˵ѵǴ˾ʮΪ߹ؽʿǵľѺ󣬻ϲʹ͵ô
ʮ
ǰûǮ㳬ôļҵףֱһְֵͨͬľˡ
¬ɣͬĵ˵ǴǮ軨ʵǹúܡ
׻Σҵ׶ˣ
¬ɣ˴ĴָˣʵǸ߷ڡ
Ѿ˵֪޾¬ɣĿƵƵջ棬ϲ⻨
¬ɣæҡͷˣ˻ԼŰɡ
ʮӵĻ̫ա
ϴξѵΪ˲ֳƱʦЦ¬ɣزҶȣֻǳǳغ˱ơ
칫ִԲһ̹ĻУء
̸ЦŹ㣬;ջзڡ
Թ̣ԪȥùϹ׼ϼ
˶ŹϹ߱˵Ԫ¬ЩϹʯÿҽȥϹӾûôõʯ񣬻ӻƲӲӵģͷҲ󡣡
ԪҲ֪ģǱ͸¬ġ
ЩϹϸѡͷƯ͹ӵ˾ǻ˼ġ
ȻЦˣ¬ǸŮӣĽҲ֡
Ԫͣǡ
û˵꣬Ƽ߽æʵˣʲô£
¡
һʯףͻȻЩϹŲá裬Щڡ
ֹѻ٣ͦõѽ
˵ðڣǾͲܰڣ貢׷ʣ˵ãĹӰϡ
ͷӡ
ԪȥСһβ¬ɣ˺ѽ
¬ɣҡҡͷԪ˵ǹϹǴģ͵ġе˲ϲ軨׷ɡ
֮ǴͳļŮӵȻԼܹ϶һƯȻټһɾԲˣԼ˳죬ɻڴ󲻹Щ
¬ɣݣеԸƽѡҵ밮鶼ܿԼȥȡȥգʵûҪԸ
ʱĩԪҸǣǻؼҡ
ԪС˵С㣬ǻӣԻͻؼҡ
ҲһЩŵյ¬ɣʣҶӣӦΪӵĻɣ֪ʲôʱף
¬ɣ˰˵˾ǿҿŻᴦңûб˼
𣿡Ԫ̫š
¬ɣȴ˵ˡ
ͬһ̵ֻڹ꣬¬ɣ޺޵룬ô̵ģһһܵ׷ϡ
ڹ±䵭¸»иڣ¬ɣѾڵĸˡ
¹һת÷̶֭࣬Ⱥֿˡ
Сʳ⻹
ûʲôˣ¬ɣһ־Ԫʶ֡ԪҪİ֣ҪʶһЩõֲС
һͷɫӳһɡ߽ʳ꣬Цʣ¬𣿡
־ԵýŴ磬¬ɣԪվҾǣкιɣ
ЦջƣһƴСñµòҽУס
Ԫϲѵҡ
ƴɻңУΪĴס                        
лҪ˵зҺƣ̨ס
зջзӦɡ


̲裨׽棩


¬ɣ˵ʲôо, ûҲ˵ʧ
ԪС£ôү
ýһԪƺǲΪȻæ˵ô, ˼ҲǺܲ˼ѽ
ҿ˿, ¬ʳ꣬¬ɣǽĺˡ
һ̻ŮǸ޸ĸĹŮлүң⻹ĺ£
¬ףҶү֮λذȢ, Ҫǽҵž帣ٷˡ
, ˵컨׹
׻˵, ýŵ, ƭ˵Ĺ
¬ɣȫţԪýŵһˮܵƴ, ʱδǻ¡
ýųһ, ˡֱԣŮ˾ͬһ仨ʢʱ򣬵ȻҲ˥ܵʱ򣬻ڶݡﳤƯӦóɫʱı˼ҲŶ, ȻɼĻԼ˼Ҷڹ˵Ѿõѡˡ
ýŵĻʱŮ˵ǽɣ¬ɣƾһ˫֣ԼԼϲˣԼһ˹һҲδɡ
΢΢һЦ׵˵ҲһԸҲԸ⣬Ͱҵ˼ؾҰɡ
ýתתǷ˸ߵ֦ͷʸ
⻰ˣԪ˵ýţ¬Ѿȷ˵ˣԸͬףֱӻҾСǹôҲ°ɡ
ýſһ¬ɣ¬ѾͷЩ֪
¬ɣĻҵѾͷҵáˣС껹Ҫ⣬Ͳʹˡ
ýűΪýǿ϶ܹóɣҵлýöˣû뵽¬СӾȻûдӦ
ȥһػʱͼӴ˵¬ɣõĻ
˷˵ƣ֮ǰ˵ʲôţǸҹ㣬ڻ켣оУƷп϶˲٣˸䲻Ͽ
Ȼǲŵģֱ֪¬ƷýһǺ˵˵
Ϊһ֮¬ԼҲͬ⣬ۼܲҪȥ˼Ұɣ

һüգûٹ¬ʳꡣ
¬ɣ˿õŵ²źãҪǾס˾鷳
תڿǿʳ²Ʒ
¬ɣԭ̲衣Ͼ̲򵥣ţ谴һıϣȻ顢춹ȵȾУȺ̲ʺʱˡ
һ⣬ǾǹŴûһϱûвޣ̲ûߣֻ̲ܵȣˣ̲ȫ
Ŵ桰ĳɫ
ֻڵСģ̲˿ζ磬ȷʵˣڵѾɹ÷֭ȥˣٹ£÷֭žҪˣپ
һ꣬ʳĿ˲࣬¬ɣпսԪʶ֡
ԪԶʶֲ̫Ȥ¬ɣѾѧ־ǧġ
ҪֿʼԪϵĵһ־ǡԡԷĳԡ
ʳΪ죬ʵۣͨϰգ˭벻ԣԷǻˡ
Ԫʶԡֺٽʶţײܲ˼ֵȵȡ
¬ɣһű񣬻ͼͼϱ֣Ȼÿ쿼һԪ
ѧ֣򵥵ؼӼ˳
һѵԪϿԶԳĲɹԼÿյˮˡ
ԪЩ⣬һɣ
¬ɣűΪͷҽ̹ѧ
ȻҲֻԪһѧѡ
Ԫ˼ˣºԸҽҪѡ־꣡
¬ɣһ͵ƣԪһܶꡣ
µԪһˮΣٿһڿ¬ɣͻȻ̾˿¬֪񣬻ܿСʳǮôһŮӣ޵żңǱżҵĴүŰͰ͵ýףֻǸ˵ôأ
¬ɣԪڳ̾ʵһСʲôĵ飬Ѿ̾ˣǲӻȥ
Ԫҡͷÿ¸һӣǾͲҪˡҪǼ˺᲻Сʳ˰
¬ɣֵΪʲôҪСʳ꣬ǼҲӰ찡˵ˣ˻Զúء
ԪҸ¬㣬ʵǲˣǺúÿʳǮӹҲζ
ʱղɡԪϽкˣүҪЩʲô
ɡĿڵѰ䵽¬ɣϣ죬С¬
¬ɣ飬ʵʲô£
Ϊܾý׺ûˣ벻ȻԹ
¬ɣ󷽷˼ˣ΢ƿĿ⣬Ȼ¬ɣҾһ˵¬СĽƷи߽࣬ԸȢΪޡС֤һԹá
򵥵ļ仰ȴҲܿȳ
¬ɣȻԸӦȴҲ˺ĳ֮ģ˵Щʲôܡ
˯ĺڽȻԪȥһˣ
¬ɣͷۣ쵽ʲôӰôһյһˡ
鼤ƺûע⵽ˣ¬Լ⣬ˮ壬Сڶҵһμ¬㣬øС
˿¬ɣѾ䵽ϡ
߽ʳ꣬ԪҪԵʲôһԧ̲裬ԪӦȥȥ׼
ŷڣò׹йһ룬һˣһ£泤ǿһ˫ӥ俴ʱԼҪ˵Ļ
¬ɣ˲һԣȫһѹס
ǣϾǴܰѸͯſ޵Ľ
¬ɣʣӻʲô˵
ûûУСŹˣǡ
Ԫ̲ûƼʵүأ
¬ɣŬŬ죬Ц˵ڴˡ
С̲裬̫䡣
¬ɣͻȻһʹҲǰ˵⡣
ü¶һ˿ʹܿŲ¬ɣԼˡ
Ԫƺʳţǣźڽܵӡ
¬ɣЦЦһʹҵԵҪʲôң
ü
¬ɣװɵȥ糬ֱ˵ʣΪ㲻Ǳ˾ˣҲ˽ҵɣҸ¬Ҵ֪͢ɣ
ͷ֪
ôǷҵǷҪҸŮ䣿
ҡͷ㲻֮Ůĸ¬ΪʮأǰеʿҴûҲδһŮ䡣                        
лҪ˵ıܣκʱ׷飬ԣСŮǲҪС¬ô
ֻһϼӣĸʱ䣺ʮһ㣬¡

Ŵź

Ͼǽ, ֪ĸ¬¬ɣԤ顣
¬֮ȷʵϡ
ΪҸ޹ģ
ǣ¬, ͬ, ˱˵·Բ³̫ʦһ죬ǻҪȥ˭Ҳܰôϸ±Ҳ̫ʦѾ̫ʦȻ˵Ľ֣²Ǳͷ
͢թһĶб赭д˵, ¬ɣ˸
ʱ, ûʲôԶ, Ҫı, ҪĲǹƽȻСӣץסԼҸϧԵ˶ѡ
, ϧԵˣϧǰˡ
¬ɣֱ۾, 󵨵Ȼ˲ҵҲδҸŮ䣬δ飬ŮδޣôҿɲëԼ
¿ͷѡ
ѵĻѾ˵ˣ¬ɣ˵ʣµĻ򶨶ˡ
ҳûа, ӦҲѳԣһܹԼԼҲû⣬¬ɣЦЦ˸ЦգĺӣŵҲأɱˣ
ǰŮңڴ򶨣˫ֽһ΢΢й¶ĵĽš
ܸжΪ꣬Ϊ¸ңȴȥرꡣ
ܺá
ǣ˿
¬ɣһ˲һƬ
ƽĽˣ˶ʲôо
ȻػرĿ⡣
¬ɣԼеһΪ潵Ķԣһ׵Ĵ𰸡
ʫĵһƪǹ£ع𣚣ں֮ޣŮӺϡһ׷İĹҲ˵ʳŮ֮ɡϲһ˲߳ܵģ˵ڵ¡ҰԼˣϣҲͬ˵Լ⡣
۾۾￴ĵӰȴĴ𰸡
Ǻã߲ã¬ɣΪԼܽܡ
죬ѵؿˣ֪ҵһμ𣿡
¬ɣ¥𣿡
ҡͷǣҵһμڽگſڣʱ㸸ױУگ㸸ףŴ꣬˸һɡ
¬ɣûӡ󣬹ʱԭĶǵ׵İΣû˼עģ¬󣬽گҷظڵʬԭ
¬ɣʣҸ׵ʬæ
ףǣҲֻܰ࣬Ծౡ֮
ͻȻת¬ɣеã֡²ҰϷֱʵἰҵĸף˵֮ôңҺãΪҵĸףǲǣ
ǡ
¬ɣͻȻЦˣҲš
һ·֪٣ȫϸģǽĸԭɵӣΪŮӣֱǲϲġ
ܵĴ𰸡
иСãһĸͬһ纮ȥˣϲǳúɣϲ㣬ϲһ
¬ɣû뵽ϵùᷢԼϡ
Ӳ˵ǶŮҸĸֻһŮ
Ů˵ִţЦ಻ţһ
¬ɣҲãҲûи硣
ƣ̾һԣһɡ
Ů֮Ĵø飬̲谡
֮챻ܾóס¬ɣȻѾԼҪõŵ£ǲǰϾһϲˣʧѹǲɱġ
Ը⵱޳ǿһΪЦݣɵ˵ã֪ˣ츸ĸǰɣ磿
֪Цӱȿ޻ѿһʹеʣ㣬ðɣ
¬ɣҺܺðܳ˯Ǯõúأ
һƣˣɫˣȥɡ
ӣ߳ȥ
ˣȵȣ
¬ɣסɡ
ɡݸ΢΢ͷԼѾ˵۾ͣҹѲɣͻȻһ磬Ҫһѽ
áɡ뿪
¬ɣͷɬѵһεε¡
û°ɣ
Ԫ֪ʲôʱǵͳӸᡣ
ӸЧһ㣬˵Ļˡ
¬ɣϧѣݣԪԾ챿֪ôο¬ɣֻܵѽ
¬ɣᣬ¶һЦݣûް
Ԫ§¬ɣ۲ʶԺ׼úҼǵùǰ˵ȵĸ.ңȵֶǡǺúǮԺиεŮã
¬ɣĻЦˣرסԪ૵ԪҺû㡣
Ԫգգ۾ЦһֱǸһİ
¬ɣǹĽң̫ˣұһ꣬Ժҽ㣬òã
Ԫã㣡
ʧҲҪÿһ̫
¬ɣ޹һѹֵ鷴ࡣ˵Ҫæʳ⣬Ҳû̫ʱȥ
⼸ûйҹѲ׽ÿתһת֪¬ɣ֮䷢һ飬ȴƣ⼸鲻̫ãûʲô飬ȴ¬ÿ¬ʳתһת
ȥ¬ɣ˻Ԫ¬ǼҴ˳
Ϊ׽ΪµݣԪ׽Ҳ̫˳ۣҴǽ˭ҸܣͲ±ؽگ𣿡
׻ЦɸˣǴ˲Ǳ˾ģѶ鲻Ǵ˹ܣ͵گġ
ԪҽûиǴ˳ܡԼȥǴ˰ɣ
׻ΰһС̣ⲻǲǴһǰ¬Ŀϵģ¬Ӧ¬Ǵˡ
ԪʹһѣǴҽѹġ
׻һڷ񶨣ܣ˵
ԪȻǲ˵ģѵ˵˱ף˸־ܾô˵ȥඪ
ӳһС׻λ
׻Σɶ
𻨽ҽҸǵġ
𻨽ͥԺǿϹϵĹƣժʱʹӦúһƿҪȻԪ᲻ء
¬ɣڳһŴź
ҲѣʳҲ򵥣һֺźСŴףȻź÷ŴɫҲúɫȡƬٽĹ𻨽ɡ
鲻õʱʺϳʳˡ                        
лҪ˵СŰһѣ׷޻᳡ѷȥ
ϻһ

ʲ̲

׻λﴧŹ𻨽˼, 𻨽ݸ磬¬˵Ų˶ãǾꡣ
׽ǰûԹ, ȥĥô, ׻θ˳ʵأ
鷿ˣһҪ㣬ΪʲôλϳѲûдϴˣ
׽һ߶Źǣһʵ
ʵ϶ڹססڵ۵ӷסӶЩ۶ھǸɽ˻ʵÿҪѲΣǴ
κЩûд, ǰ, ڰֵš
׻ѵõ̾һ, , Ϊ˰ֱӵ˵Ϊ̫ʦ
׽Ǵоȼ֮
׻ε˵̫ʦȨʮ, Ȩ֮ԽԽأѾʼϸǬ幬ܹŹΪСĴϵˮ, £ʵԭͲʲôˮ̫ʦ¸ŹŹѻÿյоֹʳӣ޾ϸǰֵ׳֪꣬Щ, һ۱һֻۣںǻս˥ϣԽԽɡǴˣϾλү̫ͬʦĹϵνһĺá
׽һݺݵض絽ϣǸϺͿ
ɲǣƾôȰ˵үȫȻܣֻõǰǵ棬ԺôĶ֪Ǵ̯һףҪǴ˵ĶӾͺˣʮȥҲʹˣ׻˵
ҿǸȥɣ˳ôûһ׮˳ĵ飬¬ǱҲǡ
׽˵²ͣƹŹǺֹһ飬Ȼ
׻һ䣬˭֪أ
׽õܵȥ鷿д÷
ϰһŹǡ㡢СͲˣһ嵭˿
׻ΰ⣬һӾȥŹǣųһڣüͷô𰡣йζ磬㲻Źｽ˹𻨽ɣ
׽ͷǰŹҲڵģôɣ
ζ̫ˣ׻һҲûӣǳ
׽æ͵¬һ޹𻨽׷Ų˷ˣҾŹʱһ㣬϶СӲʶ㳢ζô
ЮһСŹǳˣ
׽Լˣ˵֪ǰûдĲۡ
𻨽
ûϲ֮У˺ܿһˮǹ𻨽Źûйϵ
̷ŹǻǸˣԵࡣ
׽οԼû£𻨽ǽŹͷģԹ𻨽ǵóŹǲɡ

ũ£һձһ䡣
¬ɣѾ˼£µҪǣǾת䣬Ƿܿˣ˭ҲԸ䷹˰
˸װˣû취ǳ¡
¬ɣٸǷ࣬ҲΪԭһ룬Ȼ¯Ӹˮȱ¡
ȻƷҲҪ
ˣʲôΣǱǻѽ
СʳޣҪһֻֻרŵĹӣΰʶҪٴ¬ɣ룬ĳɼ򵥵ʽ
߲ǰϴ÷һÿѡԼϲģȻ󰴽շѡѡõ˷ڹ죬ϡ֭ˮͼɡ
ԪԪ֣ðð˳һȺĶˣ
֮ǰҪΪ֡
¬ɣĥһأвˣɴʲ̲ô
򵥣ӵһ;Լ϶Ե
ԪУ
ʲ̲ʱƳ˿һȺͷһо˸Ƿķͷ
ҿǷ඼м٣˷ѡ
ʲ̲Ҫ󣬳Ƕزˣһ̲˳ҪȸǷһЩ
¬ɣÿˣЦúϲ£졣
ʧҪýǮܲѽ
磬СͻȻͨһѡ˼˽ԪأԪŷС㣬ôˣ
СԷѽ
Ǳ¬ɣæ̲˺Ԫ̧ͷſ˼
СʳԷĴˣǸŮҲѻ긾˾Ӷ࣬˼С޼
¬ɣȥԺţٸѳԵ͹
Сס֣˵˵ѽ
¬ɣҲжæȻ˵
ǿʱԪæͣţһֱδʱŻ
ȿ˽¬ɣԪȿŵӣȥݿ˼
СطһʫԹﶼҲһӿʫֿڵĺܣÿ
¬ɣûⱾʫרſˣʱõģȻòˡ
ҲӣЩддȥһЩӼ˵Ĺ¡ĳС㣬СԸӣ״ԪȢһӵұĹ£Ҳ
ССЦɼûпӣŲ˵ЩءҲкĹ¡
¬ɣУ˵
С㺦ߣָС˵иͶΡǽĹ£һ顷ģǽŮӡ
ϸĹͲ˵ˡ¬ɣڴѧͼݼЩ֮ģҲһ
ȽϺС￴Щ֮鰡ҪǱҳҪӵġ
СΪЦԼæ͵ҲǿЩиѣ鷿ģ͸ҳۡ
硣
˵۴Ҳ̫ˣǹŴŮ
Сһȣ¬ɣҿ
¬ɣã⸱ӿ徻徻ȽϺá
СһԼܸ˵ˣæ¬ɣѽ㲻߱ˣ
¬ɣʲô
Сͨͨģͷ˵㻹װҸղŸ˵顣
¬ɣ֣Цãҷģ˭˵ԪҲ˵
Сŷ
¬ɣͻȻһǰ˵иã԰ɣ
Сǰô
¬ɣҳú𣿡
ֱڻǾ䣬ǳú񡱡
Сƣ˭˵ǳʵҲֻ棬ʱûм޸壬ѹĵһηˣҵǰǺѣȻǰȥ˰ֺͣƣҼǵʱǸСѾͷֺ֣ڵ޷죬ԵúܣƤңһҲϲ
¬ɣֺ֣
ǰСҾûй˵ĲáͦģôС͹ˣҲܿǸѾͷ׼ֵ֪ܶȥǡ
С¬ɣĸ첲Ц¬㳤úÿƾǸСѾͷһҲ񣬸ͲܷһȰ
лҪ˵ҲǡͶΡ롶顷ʲô˵Ҵѧʱڶݼ


 37 

СѾͷ, ֺ֣
¬ɣӣӳݡ
üѩá, Ҫһű׼׼Ůա
Կ϶СѾͷһ㶼
Ǵ￴ǳģ
ν, ֻҪһɡ
ž
¬ɣӷ˸棬ϡ
Сתתȫ֪ЦǲǱ˵Ƶģ
¬ɣһͷ
С˵϶ˣôҲ˸ˣˣ
¬ɣûЦЦһҲЦһ޵ĳ嶯
СҲԾ, ŵҾǿЦ, ô
¬ɣû¡
С˿, û¾ͺá̫, ڶģҲ
˼ȫĺڷۣزѹ
ǰϹſ, ڼʱͷຣ, Ƣã˳ûŵ⣬ҲûĺôˡǰǮҲûǮˣȥҸ˵ǽʵٺ», û˵ТӲ̫ù
¬ɣںûǮǮˡ
ǧҪƭˣûһáƾòƷϲ˿Դŵˮţ
¥λڰŸˮһһȷʵŵͦģ˼ڳİοˡ
¬ɣЦʹͷ˵öԣ
С߶߶˵׵顣
࿴һڵһеĶӣһĺĳλ˵ֶ忴صвţص˼ҵ׷Ҹĸ֪ѡһҡ
¬ɣʣԼĸ
С;ŴҴҼһ棬ֻǿǳʲôӣʲô˽⣬Ҳ֪ѡĸҽ궼ʮˣֻܼ㷢ҡ
ҾüһҲãҪǰأųԷվţźˮöţҹ˯ܻط˯żֱڣҲ뵱ϱֻ뵱š
¬ɣ̲סһЦ
СˣһŮ˵ż˵ĻϾǹΪģ˼Ҹ˵ﻰ㻹Ц˼ң
¬ɣæǸԲҾ̲סǸҪֱӵҲû취
ʲô취
ֱӼ޸ĳλӵĵžͿԵţ¬ɣЦöۣӡ
СըˣС;ĿԹƿ
ӿɰˡ
¬ɣѵö۸һɵһ˿˿Ρ
ˣ
ߣС㲻
¬ɣѾӾǰ˻Σ㿴ʱŤģÿЦһЦЦʱÿˣ
СίǶ
¬ɣοϲŻᶺѽҪ
ðɣСǿܡ
¬ɣȥһӽɽҩ⣬Ϻһ𻨽Ҫж㡣
Сı壬ŵӳǲˡ
ɽҩ⣬¬ɣʱˣȥ
Сػȥˣ¬ɣ棬¬ȻǶûж⣬ڼˡ

¬ʳ꿪Ѿĸˡ
ʱΪʳܹ˳ȥ¬ɣɶǮռ˳ɹɣɽṩռɡ
ûڸûκϵ֮нǮϵ
ʱͬռɣǲռ¬ɣıˣֻԸϵĹɶʵϲǮ¬ɣǾõõǱӸ
ܳþõذȥǮϵܱϵ˳Щ
¬ɣ̲žȥɱڵ׸øӡ
ɸɶֺ뵽һ⡣ȻҪǮôȨ鿴˱ɴжǮĿǷ׼ȷȫƷϾס
¬ɣ򵥵˱⼸¾ٰɷָôһһҪһʮӡ
ʵûһЩǳɱʵڲ͡
ɱֹ⣬ʳ֮ģǸ˰Աʳ겻ڱթӣҲøԱǳ͢䲼Щ˵˰ǲɱġ
˵˲٣¬ɣġ
Ԫżȥƻ¬ɣ˱Ц⼸µֵõģ˵ʱǿסԼһиׯԪļױǮҲ㹻ġ
Ԫϲģǽ㻹ǰҴšûطţҪǷҵЩǮҲûʲôϵˡ
¬ɣӦã
ǮΪ˻ǮǮ϶ҪԼһЩ
ԣˣҪ˻æ
ϴϴʰĻҪ˻֡
ˮ䣬¬ɣΪԼȻжǮΪʲô˻æԼʱӿԣһЩԻľ²Ʒ
ֻ˻룬ȻǴ鷳ˡ
¬ɣԪȥſûкʵˡ
Ҫףʵɾڿ죬оǲ˵˳Ƿǡ
ԪһڴӦû⡣ȥȻȷСǮô㣿
¬ɣǮҪǸɿˣʵĶһЩҲûϵ
ڶ磬¬ɣţԪͷ¡Ҫȥӡ
һӲ棬ȥң¬ɣѾټ׼
ʵûʲôΪѵġִ˾Ƿֺܸǰѣǵ¶ɶѽɶ㣬Ǽ涼ûʲôεġ
轫¬ɣӭȥЦ¬ɺã
¬ɣͦõġڲڣ
ɲˣ˸ղͻȻȥˡ
ܹأ
׽׽Ҳһġ
ء
¬ɣڻȲˣһ׽ҴҶ.
ϻȡƱ˳Ƶ׽ǱߣǴ˵ķֺ졣ȻٴĲͳһ˱ӣҲһ˹ȥ
Ǯ׽ɲա
˴˿϶Ҫ˵ģ
΢һѰ˼Ц¬ʳռݶ飬Ҳ̫Ҳûϸ˵Ǯ˱Ǵ˻֮Ըɡ
аɡ
ʲôʱ
׽©Ӧÿˡ
¬ɣĵصţȻûãʹ׻λˡ
¬ɣһ̣ʵʲô£
¬ɣ˱ǰ˻Σͷֺ
ȥ鷿˵ɡ
ȥ鷿·ϣ¬ɣࡣȣҪʲô̬Դ϶ܹ䵭룬Ϊз̬ȱһִ˵ĸоûǰôȻôԴ̬Ȳ䡣
ΣҪȷʵΪ˸ͷֺ죬ǴǮĻ
ҪȷظѣǸõŵµˣ
ұݣ                        
лҪ˵ֻһĸʱ䣺ʮӡ

 38 £׽棩

ú, ¬ɣɶˡ
۾ֱ۾˵ر̬ܲ󷽡
Լ, ռɹɷ, ҽĸµķֺ칲һʮӽ㡣˱Բˡ
˼棬ϴμ棬¬ɣȻεúܺãǻڿޣʹ
δһֱúòá벻˻ټ棬ɫ, ۾й, ֮, ȴһĲ
ЩĲ, ¬ɣһ
ˣ
عǰ˱Ƹ¬ɣ΢Ц, Ҳÿ
¬ɣҲܱ֤ԼƷպ˱
֪¬ɣǸаǵĹ, ˲ֱ̫ӲҪӣί¬ʳſŲ꣬ҪǮĵطЩӲȷԣ˵
¬ɣЦֺ̣ӿ϶Ҫ˵, ⼸ʳ⻹Դ˲õģЩǴӦõġҪлһֱİ
˵ϣҲˣ̾˿ã¡
˽ᣬڼžһƬĪЩΣûǰһʱá
ˣôһֱԼͦúõģǲ˻߷ޣѵġ
¬ɣϣ˵ĹϵȻ˳Щ
˵ϴε˲ҪϣҪõŵ¡˻һϲģҪõĶܶ࣬ܵõӢػʺ䣬£Ҫ׷ϣȴȻܵõѾ뿪ҲҪиأûаɣӦǹƽˮ׼֮ϣһǮԺ϶ܼһõĺöɡԲԣˣ
ԡ
¬ɣЦЦ˵ãҵһ۰ҺͦõģҸĸ˫ȻһǸ¿ˣڶһ۰ңǴĽ磬ĸ۾۸أ
Ҳͨˣþðɡ
ŴıףʵʱŽĴͦʹġ
Դˡ
磡¬ɣ߸˵ؽһ硣
ûأ˿˵ʲôо
¬ɣ벻ͽģ¬ɣ뿪ˣҲøˣһѵƵ˿ںҲֻһ֪ѡ
磬ǲӲ¬ɣɫףеʡ
һгں󣬺ٽоͺѹⲻҲϣģ
ҡҡͷû£θЩ
¬ɣŶһٶʡ
ΪһЩ¬ɣЦ磬ǰҼСˣĸĸΪ࿴˼أܹ˶ͼ޳ȥˣϣҲܾԼԵˡ磬ףǰɣ
ĽŮӣӴҲˣ˰ɣ
ףǡ
°꣬¬ɣ뿪ˡ
̲סٻȥɣ
¬ɣЦҡͷ磬ǱϾ츸ĸãʱҪӵġұϾŮңͲˡ
գգ۾磬㲻ҪҵԵӴ˵Һܿͼ޳ȥˣ
¬ɣĻ䶼˳飬ԼӦˣڵƼˡ
һ磬˵ܿͻõԵˡ
ġ
ף¬ȥ𣿡׻ʵ
ȥˡ
׻δΪϧ¬Ĳˣ
ɫ꣬׽Ծѵֵܣ֪ԳԳԣ
׻ƤЦԷʵ۴󣬵Ȼڵһλ飬ȳԱ˵
Ʊ׽¬ʳķֺ죬ɡ
׽Ʊü֮һ˿ģˣǱԴ֪̫˽ȫ˳ȥѣүŭѣ˹ܼز𻰡
׻ĬĬ˵Ǵ˵ĸҲ˽˽ȫȥֻҺ룬ˣЩûоĸ֣Ҳĸ׵ȥ˵
˰Ͼףȷʸ˵ġ
ȥһ˰
û׼ֵܸһȥû֪˰鷿̸Щʲôֻǵʱб׵˺ۣ϶ɨˡ
׽Ϊҩ׻ȥ˫յýߺ޵ʳӣүȻ
׽ܵë꣬öһЩСʱûĸ׵Ļ֣̫ڼβ˵£ү÷޴Դ˽˽һռʵȨĲүȻҲҡ
Ǹʲô׽벻ͨ˼Խĥ͸¬ͬˡ
⣡׻һԴˣջؾڶŹӭϣӿô죿
׽飺ոٰɣ
֣ء
׼ֵܻһ֪˵ʲô
׻ΣǸڽģȻ֪з˵˼ɴЩǰ̷оȼݵĴ󹦣д˾ʮѵ顣
Ȼʼˣ̾ͽ˵ԶԶġҪϹҲȥӭӻϣϱضҪ
Դ鶯һأ˾Ҫûأ
ֵҩ˺۲٣ǰ˰޴µ˺ۣ¾˺۽棬Ŀġ
˰ûи֮飬ֺݣ˿û֮顣
һƽǰͶѾʧģֺѹ
׻޵ҲģܾҪҵκë
̼ݣʵۻعһ۾Ϳϵı޺ۣЦˡ
ʵǰϳʱһأʱĹɵϳּץۣЦڡ
ʵۺЦһԣϽҲһ氡Ȥ䣬ϵı޺λͣ
ػϣǼ͡
ʵ׷ʣô˭
˵
ǻʵΪΪҪӣܽˣÿ˵Ҹĸ丸ײ飬ʵ˽⡣
ʣ㸸˰ףޣ٣ЩĴӣʲô˵ġ
ֵˡʵҸΪʮ顭
ߵĺ그ߣǹеӴ󲿷ֱʵȥãٲǻի棬Ѷ
ʮؽ˻ʵ۵ȼü֮
ȻΪ̫ʦ˰ߵüԭз֮˼Ϊ˴Ȼڵġ
֪ӹϵͬˮ𣬻ʵиĻǸˡ
˰ǸϺͿˣֲʲôʲô䣬ٲóЩͷϧϧ
ӹһ£׽Ѻֵܹ£
׻ιŲӣû
ѯʵؿһۣ׽̾϶⵹ùӽմ˼˶үһ٣
үĶ
׻һҲΪԼˣµҾСôһӻˮǰûڲүǰ˵ĺ״ߣҲֹһΣԺҼһһΣ
Ǵǻġ׻ʵͷۡ
׻κٺЦȣסͷϵû˵ģ֪˭                        
лҪ˵ףҶ簲
컹ֻһǴָÿ
ҽڼĿĵ㣬

 39 

һ䣺ǲͷҲûϵ
˾, ڰ͵Ȼʱɿܳҧһ, ͬʱҲ⵨С, ֻһЩùĻ£˭ҵ
𱻴˰϶ΪԼģȻ㲻ԼģλҲԼϡ
˵ͷҲûϵ
׽ʵЩ۾ǣ˰Ǳ߲үֵá
û, ˵˺, Ƕ˵û
׻κٺЦҪ, ٴһ٣
ѽ, 磬ôִң˶û˵ء׻αͷ, Ҳûð죬ֻǽƤ, ɸͷѡ
׻ζֹ׽ûϵǱ֪ҲûϵҴҸʱȥ˰̽
׻˷ܵ̽Ǵһȥɡ
Ц, 㽻ȥ
׻αͷ˰
ļ򣬡ġ
׻ôһ֣ʱࡣ
ֵһֱһ
ԴӴ̫ʦ˰һֱòС˳ؽҲʵȨһܹǰ̷ٹ˵̫ܽʦ˰ͷȥ˰ٻʮꡣ
֮һж˳죬ֻ˰üͷǸӾȻûи̫µ˽ʮѣôܲ˰ŭ
̫ʦθԽԽʮĸճʱʱѰͷǮǰ˸Ҳ˾ϯùԱĸ
Ҫ˰˵̫ʦϽɽܱȻʵۻǮ
˰ѾûлٶִԵ֪ʮ̲סñһȻﻹʹϧʮܴһҲ
֪ȥ̷ʵʱ˰ʵ۴һ٣˵޾޹뿪ԺҲҪ޵Ƥӵ¡
ŭʹڴ̫ʦ˵ʲôֻܴɫ˰˰س˹
ٺźʵ۵һ̫˰֪ԭ
и
ӣרſĸף
˰Խᶨ뷨ҪȻô˵Դ˰һղһա
˰еĹﵽϣȫԼǾƲԼ֪ܻ
үѽ
һޣ鷿űƿ
ε˰һĨᣬһŶ߽
øĸ
ŵף˶Ȧ֪Ҫ󣬾ӣ
ϰѶ˰ǰƣôֵܣӾȻ׵ܵ´˺֣պĪҪ߱
֣߱˰һڣ˵˼֪׶ӵ飬Ǹڻǰ״ô
˰Ŀ䵽ϣףɪһ£˰̲סһ
Լ׵ֻкޣôТ˳ܣܵΡ
һߵϻڿ޿䣬ʹֲǡ˰ڻʵǰ˱Ѳͣǳˣһ£˻ݰɡ
ŷɫܲãʶʱŶӳš
ӣС˵˵᲻尡
ķң֪㲻΢úһ㣬ͲҪˡ
˰˥ܣЩڽԽԽã˻ϵĿأ˰᲻ӡ
𣺡ǣѾ̫ʦô˲Ų˰
Ѱ˼Ҫ취ݲ
ٴζӣúð
𣺡֪ˡ

Ƽѡ¬ɣԪѡ
Щ˴ѻ鸾ˣزʮ꣬ʮꡣ
Це˵¬Ƕ⾩ǸˣмпڣҲףûǶĲŹˣĸʣ
¬ɣһЩȻһĸˡԼĪʮ꣬ͷͷ룬ָ׼ụ́ܶһϴ÷׵ӣ·ࡣ
¬ɣʱԼһ£һڣҪвʵĵطʱˣǮ㡣
Ͼˣֻʳæ鲻ҪϴвϴԼʳɨȻ
˫ԼãÿµĹǮһӣÿ̽׼١
ò˵˹¬ɣĴӷصͶнѳԪҲ࣬˸ʱ仨ڸҪϡ
ʮһ£Ȼˮɱĳ̶ȣǾǵķѾܴ̹ˡѾУԸǷԽԽ٣ҲɴУԤʳ̲ʲ̲ˡ
Ƴ˻ʹرǮĴ˼ңеȡůոӣ¯ȡů
¬ɣר˹ùһ³̴ѣ̴ͨʳתһ䣬Ȼųȥˮʱ̴ͨѣʳҲůЩ
˿ںƿӽСʳ꣬ȸоһů⣬ҲΪʳ˲ٿˡ
¬ɣ򵥵ػһͼʦһ˸ߵĿ¯ʵ¯ӵڲҲֻȴʦЦ֪֪˼ӣ𣿡
Զԣ¬ɣʹͷ
û
ûʲôȶĺһȺȺĹ
ǹ÷ɲ㽴ţι
õƤһ÷ɲڣȻߦȸɵñģˢͣϰ֥飬ų¯пĽִ࣬óʱˢһ㽴ϡ
÷ɲ˹ͳ¯ˡ
¬ɣ˳˸ԪԳԡԪԵͣҲͷóԣ㣬÷ɲ˽壬ոպá
ֻ֮֮ʱ鷳¯Ҳ£ûִĿ䣬ʵ̫ѹ
ƾ¬ɣСʳ꣬ûڼ۸϶ҪĹһЩ˵ĽιҲҪʮǮʮǮһ
к󣬴ܺΪ¬ɣòǮ
ǮŮܿɿѣЦڳʮꡣ
¬ɣÿӣСӹյġ
˭ٸ˵˭ӿɰ𣿡
ٲǣ׸磡
ʱҲҹѲ¬ɣһͬʣˣҪʲôǮУҪСȣôˡд
ʮһ³¬ɣԭģͬʱҲ¬ɣԼģͬһգҲڤڤ֮ע顣
˺üҲûż٣¬ɣԸҷ˸٣ʳЪҵһ졣
һϣԪóһݸ¬ɣ⿪һԭǼС·ӡ
ԪЦ͸ҵղѲÿŮ˴С·ӻǴɽ޲ģúܡ
¬ɣĦӣܸжѵиôϣ۾ʪģлл㣬Ԫ
Ԫߣѽֵʲô
óȥⱨ㡣                        
лҪ˵ϻһ

 40 

λֱɽɽܴ, һڻʼұԷǹ̫/ʵΪ˼ĸʢ, Ǿǵİݷĵһȥ
¬ɣŷ, ںǮı¾ǮûȤͷŮųȥݷģԪرƽ¬ɣ͸ˣ˳Ѱµ̻
ڱɽ̾ͱŵĴĿ⡣·ʱѾϳʦ˵ˣŵĽô죬һ˿һ٣顰¡̫/ʵдԾ, ΰǷ
¬ɣ̧ͷ¡, , зǲ, ¬鷨裬ԭĸ¬ɣҲ΢Щû, ̫/֣һ, ˿Сݡ֮磬֮ѽ
ԺרӴۺ߲ͨŽȥ
¬ɣĵһоǺ۱߶ɫߣɫĵ, Ĳ񣬶汳ķý˿̴ľ죬Ϲ˵۾
˵ʵڷϻǮ߹ؽʿǵľѶ벻¾Ϳɼһߡ
֮֮¬ɣԪڴ۱ߵͷһ˾ʮǮȻõһƽ
¬ɣĺԵؿԪͳʮʱǸڹԱߵСɳƲƲ죬ܲмӣ¬ɣ֮ǰһʱСɳЦ۾ˣʩĳķһῴõ
𷨲ǽƽô
һĺ˵ҵʮǮңʮǮҲƾһ˫ģסˡ
ᣬͷһʵ۴˸õͷкܶҲʼᾭ
ƽͲڰˣֻ䣬ΡĲؾ¥޺Ȥͱڻ޺õıڻʮ˲Ĳ״ѽ͹ѽԪ۾ҿ¬ɣֻô
ʲôΤӵƱ䣬ϡĵط¬ɣȴһ
˱˱£кβˣ
ھڣ
һ飬ĬĬһ飬ֻýݷջ⸱
˽Եµիζһ¬ɣܸȤ볢㹽ļʲôζϼٰĺĺм
˿ŵʱ򣬱µիѾˡ¬ɣԪʵŶӣԪֵ¬ɣ㣬Ϊز˾ͳˣܲɣ㿴ǱߺֽдĲ˵ܽؼƬպΡ⣬ǻ˵ѽزɻ˵ģζ鷳ǻڼֱӳأ
¬ɣЦСز˻ԡɼһﻹǰģӭҲ޵
һԻúһλЦС⻰˵е
ߵСѾͷҲЦҶڶ塣
λʮͷһɫˮ£ͷϲΣĲλŶׯţŨ¬ɣһ۾ͶλøУ̸˼䡣
˵ǲã˵ⱨ¾øʢ͹ݷȴ
˵ͣ£΢΢ҡҡͷʣµĻû˵꣬һʧ֮顣
¬ɣͬУⱨµһõģдʮ⡣
Цˣһλʦ˵Щ˿մдġ
ܳƵϡ󡱵ģضǵ¸صĴʦ¬ɣҲ˿մеʯ
̫/ʵҪ˿µס֣˿־£ȥʮ꣬ƶգڸĳԲţ̫ڻʵ˰Ӵ˱¡
ļ䣬ŵ¬ɣ¬ɣλˣԪիá
˵˶⡢ؼԼ档μԴﵽԼĵزֻƣζǶϵζؼ¬ɣϣ˶ɴ棬Ģζζǳ˵С
Թի˴ӱ³¬ɣЩɻ󣬱࣬Ϊɽһ̯˶ûУγʼǸй
ûгɢһֱ·ſа̯׸ϴү¬ɣ׸⣬ʵүΪʲôûڱɽ̯أ
̫үһֽ׸⣬һ˵Ǳµĵطĺвðڡ
¬ɣôɽҲǱµĵˣ
̫үʱһָһأĿ˻ʼҵ֮⣬ǱµأԽÿʵ۶ʹظ¡СӾڱµСɳ֡
оһԺ档
¬ɣ
ܽµѵǹŴô
ʵ»һҪ뷨ǴŸ־ͽշ̯һӣΪʳ档
ڿҲˡ
ִ̯ƣҪǹܴλսû뵽ڹŴ⻹һѽ
ǵĶ䣬̫ʱã̫ƣˣͿʼ¬ɣԪϴ»Ǿ䣬ȥһƤëӣƤá
ʫƣ廨ǧá
ɼµĹأ¬ɣƤãͻ˽ʮӣͻбȽϱ˵ģģ˵ǧҲΪ
Ԫһ˵㣬̫ˣһˡ
¬ɣԼɿţǮҪģ˵±ֵ㲻Ҫ˻ȥ̻ӡ
Ԫֻ£лл㡣
¬ɣ˶˰͵¬ʳ꣬ȻִԪȥ˾ĵ¥Է
Ʊ㣬յûȣҲÿġֱ춼ˣ˲Ż˼ҡ
ʳЪҵһ죬ʶµǵҲϨġ˴ԪǮ򷢳¬ɣͳԿ׿ţֻԪѽһˣҹѲ
¬ɣתͷһȻϺһƣԴЩΣȻһʱûп
ʧʧ
˸к磡
ƺûˣüͷ΢壬߹ʵȾˣ
¬ɣֱȻֻһ㡣
ĿΣǵʵڲúȾƣҺû£Ҫǳ¸ô죿ԪԺһ㣬Ⱦˣ
¬ɣ߸˵عգôһ˵ˣҺҵľƣʲô°Ϊ˭ѽ
¥ʲôطӣ̾˶УŮӺ˾ƺ׳Կ
˰ͦµģԪæڰ֣ˣҸֻǺһСµģǽ㿪Ҫٹֽˣ
ֻԪȷʵ߹¬ɣľǳǳһСƣ¬ɣ⡣
ھ¥ĵƹӳһźÿǷͦıյһߴӰ
¬ɣĵһЦѸֻ֣ס                        
лҪ˵䰮ҰܾƤݣ޷ů~
˱˱£кβˣ
ھڣԹԪ¡
ϻһʮӡ

 41 £׽棩

, һʹ߳Ρ
Ԫľս, , ǽˣ
¬ɣЦ֪ǽˣǻ׸ѽ磬㲻ɣ
Σְɡ
ƫ¬ɣ񫣬أסͲ˵ҲĻˡ
Ԫƣһֻܣ
¬ɣװ, Ԫɲ淢, Խ, ¬ɣ˵, ǽݰɡ
¬ɣҲˣɿ֣Ԫǣӡ
ڽܹȥ¬ɣ, ¬ɣͷʵڽ, ûǸ˴ǻ
¬ɣӵ¥ģһڽڽԾһͷ
¬ɣ֣ð
һ߿¬ɣ¬ɣҲֻŸڽ
ԪĵƵȼ, Ȼһ裬¬ɣһ
¬ɣŲ豭СԪٸ裬̵Ԫ
Ԫһ㣬ô
¬ɣһָǮ𣿡
Ԫ
¬ɣдʣʳ꣬ԷȲ趼ҪǮģҪñ˰׳԰׺ȣҪȥˣ
ҡҡͷһӷϣЦ𣿡
¬ɣһۣǿ˰ɡ
Ҷнƹܣټ¬ɣûȶپƣһ¶ǣԴࡣ
һѣǾͻˣٹŸɣֲ˵Щѵ˵Ļ¬ɣԪʹɫԪ⣬ɫˣȥЪŰɡ
¬ɣСƵĵͷǰǰ
ȴţŲæغȲ衣
¬ɣˣ˻ȥ

¬ɣŶͷҲϢˣ
ԸԪȥ̫ѨỺһЩ
Ԫظ¬ɣ̫Ѩ
˿ʼ˵ˣǳƣ
ţ
ûû˵ˡ
¬ɣ˿̲ƺͷۣǱ߶ͷۡ
ķңס䣬ҲҺڸ˵ʲôǲס
ƺ̾˿εãҲ˵ˡ
¬ɣ֣ȷϣҾҲ˵
һ£˵ͷ
¬ɣʱ˵ҲûãҷǲԼġ
Ʊ磬ǿʶ֪ôвõһ棬ǰ¶¬ɣһ㶼ģνãͶðɡ
ԪͿͣԼ˯
ƤڴϣһӾͿʼܹԼᡣ
ѹԪѾˣˮ¬ɣϴ
ϴ˳緹ԪԶֹ¬ɣõ࣬˵ʲôֱ˵ɣ
Ԫ̫Ͼǽˡ
¬ɣҺˣʲôˣͬһ֮˼ƽϣˡ
ԪŶһƺʲô飬æһ˷䣬óһ̴ľСӵݸ¬ɣŵת
¬ɣӹһһִͷ󣬿ſűԲ󣬸йִտ۵ĵطССһ󣬿ʽãʺĹ
ԪһԾ̾ƯѽϿ
¬ɣﲻǸζִغӣȷŰɡҪɻҲ㡣
ԪźǰҪ͵Ƿͺˡ
¬ɣЦͣԼͿ򣬻һ¾͹ˣһһԼϲΡ
ҪͣҪԼȥ
ճ¯Ⱥһټõ緹
Сʳܲ¬ɣԪͨæģҪк˳緹Ҫ׼Ĳˡ
ʲ̲ĲϾЩ̫ӦϹ˿͵ĿζмԴ¬ʳ꿪žͳԷϿ
¬ɣеּˡһǺܲһǾ
˿ǰãŹСţ
ʵͦ˸ţ⡣ͷţϡֹ͢ɱţֲֻţ߿ţгϣ򵽣¬ɣôãӲһҲûгţ⡣
ζĺܲڰ׷ϣһ裬ӶܳԽȥ
ȻǮˣǾһ磬һȫȥҲֻˡ
󣬿˽ˡ
ڳˢ룬Ԫʰʳ꣬¬ɣ̼ˣһ߽æ̣Цʵ͹ʲô
һ̧ͷסˣǰ⸾˲ڱ¼λô
ǷͬסˣСҲԷģѰ˵ġ¬𣿡
¬ɣ¬Ҳû¬ˣ̹Ȼ¬λʲô£
Ƿ۾ɴ̼ˮ૵ɣ
ŮӵĹ˲ֻ֪ԡĳĳϡ֮˾Ȼ֪Լ֣¬ɣ˼תȴ΢ЦŸ˲
Ǹ֣ϲɣĹ谡ãȥԸϣҵ㣬Ȼҵˣ
裿
¬ǶӣֵܽãмģԭСһ󣬶νĹûһӡ
ɣԪŵӣȻŸȥ˺ݡ
˺ΪֶŮˡֱԣҲʶ¬ɣżɽ˵
˵¬ɶʿĸΪ¬ҵ֡ɣԲԣСʱһ㡣ֳʱҸڹ㶫ϣ·;ңԶľӾ˼ңûнǰҷǣұ㿪ʼѰ㡣
¬ɣڻӣԿˣ벻˸ȻˣؼҰɣԺչ㡣
˵ʵλ¬˶¬ɣ˵ʵʵİˣƿ¬ϣҡͷ
¬ϼɻǲĹ裿ҷιӼ˾ҵҢȥ飬ƭ㡣
¬ɣš
¬ϵһͲͨĸˣûбҪƭҪ¬ɣһУûҪٽݵƭ
Ϊβϸһȥ
¬ɣЦΪҪСʳԼģԼÿʩᣬͦõġ
¬ϻؾȥˮ嶭Ҵ̽¬ɣ֪ҿֶŮû飬ϧ¬ɣ
ֻ¬ɣ˵ʲôϸ¬ϻȥò״ӶҵĿˣ϶ԸٵһУ¬۰
һ¬ˣ¬ҢĻԲٷ
¬̾˵ֻȻȥˡ
˼ˣΪ¬ɣҵ˶ˣԪǸ¬ɣһ뷨㣬ҵĽѵô¬ĻǼ⣬㶼Ҫȥ                        
лҪ˵
ʱ䣺ʮҡ

 42 

¬˼޵ҢǸٵ, ǹӼ˾ҵִ൱ڱѧУµ維һ㣬¬ɣʵǱҿ, Ҫ, ֻڻڿ
ԪҲ¬˻ȥ͵ͨ߶
ȻҪ¬˻һ̵ݣô߶͵ʶҲС
ԪЦǺúôСʳ꣬ԼӲſء˵С㣬ٻǧҪһ˶ѵú, ûʲô˼
Сʳÿӭ, ˼̬, ¬ɣӹò˼
ϰ, һ
¬ɣʣֱӽڰ׷ϣǵװã
˵ֱӽȥ㣡
ϣ
СʳĹ, ڹ̨ͣȻ, 
Ԫ׼ʳ¬ɣǮڹʼˡ
иΪ
¬Ҫʲ̲ˡ
¬ɣұһָȥǱѡˡƲˣȻ󽻸ӡѽ, ѽ
Ƕδ
ӽɺð¬ɣʵ
˵лģСͦõġ
ǳ緹ĵ㣬ʳԭ¬ɣ˵仰ڴû
áˡֻóλãȥǱȡˡ
æ¬ɣܿ£һֱĩʱ˽ˣע⵽ڡ
Ԫܹҧ䣬үǹԷģġ
¬ɣװ̾˿˵ЩˣǸѧأ͸öùѧҵϣȿ˾ˣʲôûС
⻰һ˵ڣԼҲЦˣղǶλǿûка˵Ļ
μǣʵҲ࣬Ϊ׷һʳ˿ʱ
¬ɣŲͷҿȴﻹߴ
¬ɣù˰ɣԺȥɡ
ŵлͬ¬˵
¬ɣȴ˵¾仰
Ȼˡ
漱ˡ
¬ɣʣʲô
ſڣ¬Ҫˡ
ŶԭҪ˵һ
ֻ¬ɣûʲôϵʵûбҪ˵ɣǮ
ô˵ϲɣϲѵġ
¬ɣϲϲ
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𣬱𣡡¬ɣæף޶Ҹ
ģСϲġ
¬ɣͷۣϲ˽⣬˼ηͿʼףʲô˶֪Ǽɫˡ
Ϊ˰ľ¬ɣֱԵҲˣһСʳ꣬ÿҹںլӣйɷҾһɻˣСʳҲȥ
ɫûҰܣҵ鹣ϱţȻҪźţӣŲŲ¬ɣĸˣӲ
¬ɣ̯֣ԣҺ㲢ʣϣܹż
ʧǵˡ
Ԫ̾һѽ
¬ɣЦʲôģȢҪлأ
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߹Ħӣö˰ɣ
¬ɣá
ֹλ˵仰ƤãǱůް㹻ˡͲСˣøԼܵױǮඣ
¬ɣüͷǾܼױǮҲһʱ
ԪԼǮôôܼױǮôҾҪԼ᲻ûǮ˶ӣԼܿ࣬Ǻαأ˻һΪԼΪ˶ӡ
¬ɣƵƵͷԪ
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Ԫ㣬ҪǲȥˣȻҪǴŴ˸ô죿˵ôصĶִܵлһ
֮£¬ɣֻȥӭ
˽촩úʽͷɫ¡¬ɣϸƾȻƼ
һָ·ϵͼ˵ҲԴ𣿡
ʧЦٿһ㡣
¬ɣȥûʲôͬ
͵צצһΪ
¬ɣɴ뵽ߣһ飬ҡҡͷǾôҹͻƤ񡣲ͦߵġ
ײˣο϶ڷ֮ϡ
Ȼ˵ǻ͸ҵġҪȥԪ۴ݳѲҲҪ߰컹ܻ㣬ʲô𣿡
¬ɣ׼ҡͷֹס顣
Ҹ׵ãҲҵĹˡķҢپӹӼ˾ҵһְ˰Ҳҵɡ
Ȼ¬ϲƭǷ֮ĲޣҪܷġ
ϢȻýȥʰ
뵽¬ɣһʲôʱȻôˣԸԼˣȴԸ
ãȥ飬˸㣬ڴ֮ǰλ¬ȥϣǧҪӦ
¬ɣɫӣ֪ˡ
ĿֱϣտҲϲִ𣿡
¬ɣæҡͷǣҪɻŲ㡣
⻰˵ƺ˵͵Ĳõ˼¬ɣҲͦϲģģл磡
ЦЦռˣ¿϶кܶ˶˵ã˵ͦõġ
ȥͷ¬ɣæЦͷŪˡ
ԺȾˣȫ
¬ɣˣá
Ǳ˾ǱҲкֱӱҵ־С
¬ɣá
ˡ
á¬ɣߡ

붬󣬻ʵ˷纮ʹӺõڴ˰²ǾѰ˼Ҹ۴һߴ̫ʦΪɽѰʦٵɵ
ʱٲҪдʡνʣǵ̾իʱ׸ףģҪ˭дã̫ʦ
̫ʦȨר꣬ʵ۶Ѳǳдʵˮƽ᲻ϾҪȸɵףģдĲҲȥ׸ɰ
ѰɷõʵһЦǳϵҩػʺѰˡǵʵ۵˭롰ٽꡱԽԽЩĶ
̫ʦŪʵۡ                        
лҪ˵ʣǵ̾իʱ׸ףġ԰ٶȰٿơ
һӦ㣬ܻһ㣬ᳬߵ㡣
ŮĶԻǰһѡ
΢졣ѣ𣿡  ңڣʲô£  ѣиҪ鷳㡣
Ȼûл΢ţѼϢȻӹȥˣûءʵ̲סˣϢʲô£  أġ
ĺܾΪɶֱӰ˵Ҫһһôû

 43 £׽棩

ȥԪ۴̫ʦ⡣һ, ʵ١ǧ򸣡
˰ûܸһȥϴλʵѵһ٣ֹǰ, ̫ʦ޷, ҹȻʵ飬ǲ˰ȥѰбµĵʿ˳㿼쾩Ѱһˮأʵ˽湬
ʵϢߡ
Ԫ̻ɫĵʿľдʣͨ, ֻϵɲ
Ѭ, ٵĵطȥ, һ̨, ɽ΢紵ˬࡣ
ˣ
̫ʦ
ͷ, ̫ʦ
ƾɽ羰಻ϵɽд, ɽ»һСϪﱾһĵطǶʿǡѽټԪ۵̻𣬿νǴɷ羰
̫ʦϾˮˮô˵, վһˡ
̫ʦ̵۵ʲô̫ʦôǸ
̫ʦЦߵһСĽԼϵΡ˵ףϰµģϷҲ޷£
˰ˮ˭֪ӹϵ˶ӡڻʵǰһ
ˣûͬԣҪԸɲԸЩĳס
ĳʵ۴ѱץûаѱѱҲСͬһڻʵۣڱ˾̫ʦŴץİѱûܳɹ
̫ʦʱ򶼺֣˰ĴôĶ˰ҲдĺôұϾǹѫ֮ƴһڹѫ֮лвϵ
̫ʦԽԽ̫࣬ܶʦ֣˰ȥʲô飬Ҳ˳ƽƳȥ
ʱСʿ̫ʦˣأ
źʵǵһҪ飬̫ʦʵסȥ߱Сʿʦɰѵҩ׼𣿡
СʿͷѾ׼ˡ˵ŴӻͳһС˫ַ̫ʦ
ҩרŸʵƵġ
ʵѾվήҲ񣬳ʦƵĵҩ΢һ;þӣʹؾʵ۲һ̫ʦԪ۵ʦʹ˲ٽ鱦
ʵ۾ʢֻ࣬Щ˼ֻ˼Լ̫ʦ΢һĥҲͲ͸˻ʵ۵˼ǽԵۿҪ꣬͢ϵ鲻٣ϳӡ
οʵ΢Цصͷ
̫ʦҲһ΢Ц꿪껹µ飬óʱȥѰòŮ
̼ݻؾ¬ɣûмˡż׻λعϲ¬ʳ÷ÿҪԼű
¬ɣɻȥˣ̲סʡԪȥˡ
׶磬Ҵأ⼸ôûҹѲ
׻ͣ¿ӣԪζףôҼҴ˰㶼û˵ء
϶Ƿˣ˵Ͳ˵Ԫתߡ
ȵȣٸһ÷
ûˣˣ
Ԫ¬ɣ״¬ɣһУóԣúóԵͲҿЦˡ
Ȼû׻οʼԪ˵ûһһԪ㡱ǵǸǿĲ˺óԡ
ԪҲûǽű
ʱ׻ǳһ˵¬ɣȻŶԪС˵ʵǴڴ˰һ£ȴ˾ͻˡ
ԪһҽʲôһΪǸˣҽʵڲûǰҽܶ࣬ǡǡ
ĻԪ˼˵ڣ׵úܣҪǲϲ㣬Ծͷſȥôһûһ죬̬Ⱥߡ
׻Ρϡһ˵ǿֻ棬ⲻ֪пԵġ
ԪˣпԼ飬ܽҽѹ
˵ҽҵˣĹǹӼ˾ҵķˡ¬۰㣬˵ܿ͸Ѱõ˼أ
˵ٲ׻Σתߣƾ׻ôҲӦ
¬ɣʣ׶˵ʲô
ԪЦû˵ʲôȻתƻ⣬ˣ㣬ȥ¬˸ϣҪ׼ЩʲôȥҿԼɽҩͺܺá
ãǾʹһɽҩȥ
չ¬ɣԪһͬȥ¬˸ϡ¬˴֣أԴһԶŮӭҢҲڡ
¬ɣϽݼǷ򸾡
¬˴¬ɣȥ˺ԺҢǸعصŶǫȥ鷿
¬ϵļӣ۵αҪͷ¶Щıᵽ÷飬飬Ů첻ͦõ𣿡
æ˵԰㣬һڼƵûţסҰɣ
¬ɣСлôȥ£顱㡱ﶼǺôʣ¬ĸŮϾǺģһԾܾᶨرԼ̬ȡ
¬ˣҪ˵ѽ
סңҢֶŮݣ˵ı˼ңҪ̼֮Уֻ½Ҳֻˡ
¬ڳɶҲ˵Ǹҵ˼ң¬¬˼޵ҲȻˣ¬ɣЩˣʿụ̃һӴʿ䵽̣˵á
¬ɣЦ裬Ҹһûƽһվ൱ﳼ֮Ůʿ۹ȥоУӪһСʳ귴Щ˵ʿʲôأ˵һֵ֪ӣһָʹֵӣֻҪǮͿ򵽣һĻǧﵱֻΪơ
¬˲Ļüϣ˸£̰δҲ̫Щϡɣолˣôв롪
Ǯ𣿡¬ɣЦŽӹͷŰ˼£νײ裬ȻҲ黭ʫƻǹףûӻǲɰϲᣬҲţĲܲˣǾͰܼӣټļҵϡͿ˸ɾͻʵں
һ˵¬˾Զԡ
Ц͵͵ű˴Ĵָ
¬̾˵ˡ
Ҿñǡ桯ֻЩα̸ǮʵǮͶ
¬ҡͷǿһԱãǹܲˣɣϦһҪҹ
¬ɣӦʡ
¬ַԸŮȥѲûԷ
¬ɣһȥɡ
¬ɣȴ֪¬֧˵ȥɣһҪʹйҵ顣
ź¬˵ɫϾ¬ɣ֣ʣɣ㡢ûˣ𲻺˼߹裬ǾúʣõŮ޳ȥ
⻰ʵڲ¬ݵ˵Ļ¬ɣ죬Ǹʲô˼
¬׷ʣǧò˼߹裬
¬ɣҲιӰӣӰ̾ţ֮ûˡ
ҡҡͷûС
¬˷鷳ˣ                        
лҪ˵˼СʹǣΪһЩӰ飬ԸЩһ飬ָ¡

 44 

¬˽͵Դ, ʼҴ㿪ѡŮʵҴͥ
¬ɣĿϻʵ۸ùʮ, Ŷ, Ҫ̣С
¬͢û׼ѡŮϢȴ˳ɣڣΪٻ֮Ůǲѡȥģھ˵ˡ
¬ɣŽңҵڻûϴ壬ﳼ֮ŮҲܽ𣿡
¬ʧЦֲѡʺʲôҪġԱ, Ů챻û빬ΪūҲ, Щ˻, Ϊ
¬ôһ, ¬ɣˣѡŮֱӵ, ȴӹŮõĻ, ʵۿأһŮпྡʱãڹﵱͷŮٵ, ƲϯһֱӵҷظҲˣǾ˵Ľ֡
ԵϷ΢۰Ů˼ҶŮѡʲôŮ඼ų͢ŮǰҴҼŮٲҲҪ»Լ
ʶ¬˲ûˡ
¬ɣ̽ã
¬ҡҡͷ˵׼һ곯͢ڽһѡŮһٴ󻧶Ů޳ȥǳǮܽġϾŮǽ̻ϣòϻϵ⣬Ҳǲɵġ
ֶŮֵ䣬ͤͤüĿ续Ůӣ̫ˣһͷ¶оС⣬ҪǳôֱһЩá
͢ңû³̹أѡŮʱǺ󹬸ʱֱӽ̫ǣٲǽع٣ͻȻţ͸ǿƵ˼ҵŮߡ
һ£δʱھӼҵŮôǴߣ˵ͽ
¬˵ŵְοҸղ˵ֻǴԣҲɿ˵ʹˣҲȱãο˲ѡŮǳҲᷴԡ¾ҪˣҪѡŮҲҪȹ˵
¬˵Ļ¬ɣмֵǣתһ룬Ҳȫް취ֻҪ鷳ˡ
ù¬Ҷǻؼҡ
Ԫ磬¬ɣӵģŮӣҼھܣǰѡŮǴӾܰռѡ
صҺɴ㣬ɴдɣЩôҲѡϡ
¬ɣЦҪԼ˵ġģʲô£Ҿ˵ѾСѾͷŪһ˵ǻˣ¬ʳĹɶҪǱŪȥˣһС⡣
˹λߣԪ˿
£Ҽһʼ׼Ķ
¬ɣŴ׬һʣѽ
ִԼ׼ѼȵȺóԵĶ̾ǵıҲǱزٵġ
¬ɣص¹׼һС
ǵȻϲԵţѩĸɴɫ⡣
óʳ㣬¬ɣˣʳϲͨϱߵĸŴ׷ۻ׷Ϊ鷳ɫʵı±࣬ڻҩͱЩӡЩϲ´֮ļۡ
¬ɣԪڵۣȻ̿ʼ򵥵ļв׵ĵطֱ޸ġ
Ԫһ⣬㣬ڹ࣬ټʲ̲ˡԼ⡢ˣѾǺ͹æͣˣϲǳ޷ͬʱôණ
¬ɣ룬Щʱģиӣȥ˵ĳǣǱ߻Сװæ
ԪЦҲ̫˰ɣ
ʲôСʳĹɶȥǮзݡˣô˵ˣȥɹ
ȷʵҲǳ֮ƣֻܵ棬˲źá
գһֱæ󣬵ûʲôˣ¬ɣùտԪȥв
Ŀ϶Ŵ׷ۣȻҪѩţǣɰǿ϶ҲҪ򣬻лʵȸɹҲ٣ҪҪȥһҩЩõѡƵ
ӰණĶ࣬ٶึʮǮӶͻţ¬ɣҵĵַǴš
ȻҪˣǵȻβ٣ʱ¬ɣԪȥ˲÷ӣƥУѡʽò÷Ӱæ·
֮ȥ¥Σ¬ɣֻ˿ӣʯֶָͷһڹŴڣôҲҪúʰޡ
Ԫʣȥһֱӻؼң
¬ɣȻؼңһȥҡ
ȥ̫ûؼҡ
ߵ¥ֲžЩԾ¬ɣŮ֮ʳ꣬⻹˵˶ʶϿ˵û˲ʶ
¬ɣоЩ͵͵Ԫָָ㣬ƺ˵ʲôǵȥʱЩͻȻرĿ⡣
ѵʳʲô״Ԫ˿߻ȥͿʳſΧźüٲģˡ
ԪƵôйٲڣ
¬ɣһ⣬¬˵ĻɣֱӦʱ䶼ûС
סԪתСȱȥ
ȥ˸ϡ
˿첽뿪Ȼ˴һ¬ӻˣ
¬ɣĿȥ˵ҲǸˣ¬ʳбСƹݵϰ塣                        
лҪ˵ûһ¡


 45 

¬ɣĿСƹϰĿһ, ˷ЦЦ¬ӣпأ
˵͸Ͻ㵽Լҵ
ӾԪҲӦ, ҧгݵϼһﲻģ
ɲûô
¬ɣСʳСƹб, Сʳ¡˹Թԣ¬ɣ⣬ֻǰڽʱҹѲСƹϰǵͷҲ¬ɣô
ʱ̹¬ɣһѡ
ôһл˹ٲǵע⣬¬ɣԪ߲ˡ
£ҡ
ԪһȻֻֻصСʳꡣ
ЩٲﺬĳĪɫǡ
¬ɣ, Ԫ, ӭ, ˵, Ԫȥ󲻾ã⼸λүˣҲ֪ô졣
ָʳһλٲ˵λ˾شˡ
ٲվ, ΨȲ裬˱ضи, ɫư̫ۿˡ
¬ɣһʣƣͦʵġ
ĸԹ˽⣬Ա, ֵܷĲеĹԱǿǰ·֡
һƷƷĸ߹ٴۣƷƷ£ƷƷɫٷȻٷҲֻǱȹٲ΢ôһЩ¶㲻ϣɼǸٻСඡ
¬ɣ΢΢һЦ¬ǰɣ
¬ɣ򶨵ǣʲô£
˾ȴ˵£ӣ¬ǶԾӪСʳɣĳ֮ǰҲţΪǸû뵽ȻǸһ
ӴͷŶ¬ɣλ˾ܿӦҲͶʮͷᣬ壬˵θڡ
Ԫ̲סǰһ¬ɣǰ棬ʲô£лֱ˵
˾ٵĿƵԪϣЦҲһλСˣջķᰡ
߹հ˹գǲ˵˷Ŀģ¬ɣҲˣС껹Ҫ⣬λҪûʲô뿪ɡ
˾һһ¿Ų룬н¬ɣִʱѧһѧᱻŵ
˾ټ˲ʶʱ񣬸һλٲʹ˸ɫǹٲǰ˵ֵһˣ¬ӵЪţ¬ⲻŸ˵¬ɣһֺóգСʳսٽҲеġǣ࣬ܶȣÿҲǼӣ¬ӵӹ󡣡
һﻰֻһ˼һʡˮѡԲŶôȦӡ
¬ɣȻǣֻ˴򹤣ʳϰˡ
˭
ָ֪ͬˡ
Ȼһ˵ǽ֪ͬˣǼٲ̾棬˾١
Ĵ˾ģһ˲飬תһ룬ƾҲȲ̫ʦ̫ʦǵǰĵһˣ͢˭Ҹ̫ʦԣʲôҲ̫ʦ
Ҳӳûûˣ˫ֱȭٸͷĳ̫ʦھܵȵѰŮӣѡ빬
йٲЯֽʣ˾Уˢˢ¼֣ͬʱ߶¥¬ʳ¬ϡǮϡ
ȻĸᶼʣֱӰ˵ֵǼڵ
ǿ컯֮ǿŮûзٶû·
Χ¬ʳſڿֵЩŮɫ̴䣬ȥ֣Ҵ뿪
ԪŻˣиĸˣǲܲҸĸͬȥ
ٲЦڸв֪ǽȥ̷ʹӵģ£ҲĺÿСүѡ㣬㿴Щӵĳ˭Ҫȥѡǣ
˵껹ȥԪ¬ɣϷߦڹٲֱϡ
ǹٲϡһ߳ŭǣ
˾Ȥζţûгֹ¬ɣʶʱѵˡ
һʱ֮䣬ٲΧٺٵЦ
ôˣǶ֣˵վֱӽץȥ
鼱֮£¬ɣ͢ŮҪδŮӣѾ˶ˣλǮϣһһģǷҵѾͷ
꣬ѡŮķȥȷʵкܶйŮ˼ңҴææŮ޳ȥβŸɴ䲻⡣
˾Ѿ˲ٵط϶˺ЩδŮӵ֣յѾɣպ·¥ִҼҾƹݳԷ
ƹݵϰģ¬ӵ飬Ů˿ʳ꣬޸ĸҪò绨ǵע⡣
ָ֪ͬѾϸ߹٣ڻʵǰ̷δޣ˾ٲ̫Ҷˡ
¬ɣСԸԪһԪóһСӣһִֻڣžͲǷƷ
¬ɣֱִϣҵ¶ѾԼ˻£ţֱȥˡ
һ˰ĵӣƷĽָ֪ͬһ޸ĸһ˵СʳϰôҲһԣ¬ɣĵӣȴɲñ˲š
ϾһͨСϰҲûǸӹʳ
ԪǰŰɣЦȥʣǲʱǼС㣿
˾ɫ֪ʲô죬һ֣кСߣ
¬ɣһû˵
Ԫǵʣû°ɣ
¬ɣҡҡͷһáѵŹˣҲЩؼҰɡ
ҲǱŵòᣬͷĻ͸Ͻȥ
Ԫţʣȥ˸ϸ˵һ
¬ɣһͷҪ˵һ
˼ң϶Ҫ˴к
¬ɣеûŮ֮ģղ鼱֮˵δޣǲô죿
ˣҲûİ취ŴѣŴŮϼѣˣ˵۰ܲܿýܿɡ
Ԫ˵ţֱֻڣ׽ȥѲׯˣ׻γȥûл
ôҵĵ̣ܰˣЩôҲˡ
ۿˣ˻ûлꡣ¬ɣԪȥ
Цϲ¬˿ˡ
һʱǿԵġ¬ɣץһ㣬ɱϴȻعףȴҲʱȥ顣
ʱֱ֪ڳſڣŷӦĿԣЩȻ
ԪۻǾûټ棬аˡ
¬ɣͻȻеһί
׻δ˳Ĭ¬пڸˡˣôͻȻˣ
¬ɣǿЦЦҹѽ
ѵݸԪֱˣл˵
á
վɵȥ鷿
ԪǵıӰµĵͣ׻æסֲ֣Ҫˣʲô
Ԫյ鰡
׻Σ¬ղź˼ģʲô°
Ԫһۣ鷳£֪ˡ
׻Σ£ģû
Ԫ֣ʵڲ֪ô˵
ܲ˵¬ʳˣɣ                        
лҪ˵趨ǣŮĸ׷£ûۼ壬۶ŮΣѡǵŮġŮҪûô࣬ܿյ̫Ǳ̫࣬Ȼ̫ͽȵŮó赱ӡܶͨӶǹŮרرʽĲѡȼʲôӳЩ೯ûô鷳

 46 

¬ɣȥ鷿
, Ҳ
¬ɣĬĬͷѰ˼θ͡
Ȳ˵ú, Ȥ, ǰǺ˵ô˾ĺ«ˡ
ҡҶԲˡ¬ɣҧҧ˵ڡ
иԳ˾ٵ˴żٲȥʳ꣬˵Ƿ̫ʦѡŮ빬̻ʵۣͷǳͻȻҪҸԪѡȥûӣ鼱֮¾˵Ѿ޽Լ, ҶִΪ񣡡
¬ɣһѻ˵, Ȼ, ֣صǸ, ˶Բ㡣
û취ˣȨ֮, ϣһ޸ĸĹŮ
¬ɣ, ŵ
Щʵ
š
벻㻹мִ֪ؼʱ̱ҵȻ񲿵˼Уٹ˻ϵ۾Ҳû취ˡ
, û̬ƽ͵˵
¬ɣȥ˼֣۾ŵ㲻ҵ
ҡͷʵΪʲôҪ
¬ɣҧ´˾㡣
üɵ˼
¬ɣ͵˼൱ڣúõڴ·ϣȻҹȥˤڴ˵ǰ棬˴ˡ
ԽԽͣ¬ɣͻȻеʵû˼һ·͹ҲˣȻ˵СʳɵĹɸףռıˣֻҪǸ˼֪̻Ϊ˵õıӻӡ
һ̫ʦȨ㳯ҰҪΪԼ̫ʦӣ
¬ɣԽԽܣԽöԲ
һ¸Ҵ󷽵ˣôСΪǼٲŻˣο£ڣ˰ôҲû˵Ҳд
¬ɣԾʲô
üڳ͢ѡҾȻ֪㵢㡣
¬ɣæ˵㱾ûʲôϵҹ˵ģֻз˭֪ô񲿾Ϳʼжˡ
ʵ൱ϳڳеĹٽʶ࣬˶ЩŷΪӼ˾ҵҢ˽⡣
¶̫ʦ񲿾ȥģﷴûʲôڱҵʱ鷳㣬ȥ̽˵
ƽ׶һδ֪ĸĸǱǸ뷨ʱ¬ɣΪ鼱֮˵Ļڿͦ鷳ġ
¬ɣһθǸʾδʲôľ˵ģϣҪñðˣԼҲ취¡
̧ۿʣʲô취
¬ɣң
֮ĪһŮܰᵽȥ
¬ɣҲģ˾ͼʵܲ˼ҵϱ
⻰һ˵ڣͼ
¬ɣȻһ͵ˣǧᣬҲ˵޸㣬㲻ϲңֻǰҵÿ֪ģҼޱˣҼ˱˾ûˡ
ôһͣɫѿˣʵҪ޸˭
¬ɣûж󣬲ģҿ϶ӲҪ޸ģҳûҵʵˣͷĺá
¬ɣŬ֤Լףûд¶һҪȢⷬ˵÷ǳࡣ
һȴֲ֪˵ʲô
ܾ¬ɣ¬ɣ˵ĻΪ룬޷ǳǳơ
Թ¬ɣԪȥ
ܿ͵¬ʳſڣ³ٴεл
¬ɣ̬ʵ̫ĬĬ̾˿ȥúЪŰɡ
Ԫ˨ţл¬ɣ㣬Ǹʲô˼
¬ɣ̯֣ûҡֻżٽ壬ֻܵסһʱܸ취
ԪҲŷֻǼٽлԼѵ޸
ҪǵʱӦүͺˣү˻
Ԫ̲ס̾
ˣɽǰ·ȥϴ˯˵
գ̫¬ʳվ⡣
ֻΪЩӰ죬¬ɣʱûȥʲô´ˡ
ʳ걾˶ӵĵطʳǴţ첻ϡ
¬ɣһæһһûһš
֪𣬳͢ѡŮ
Ҳţʥ϶ʮˣר޵ɣôᵢŮɫⲻаô
ߣиԶ񲿵˵ģȻ͢گûѾڰѡұ˼ҵϢͰŮĻ¸ˣ⼸׼޳ȥˣȻŮ˹һٲҲǿ
һӦǾס¥ָ֪һշ飬ǿ¬ɣһۣ˵ǲ֪¬Ӷ㱻ѡŮ
˷׷׿¬ɣʵ¬λ˵Ŀʵ
¬ɣûϣǣȷʵмٲֻ˼ңվҪɻ飬ѡŮ
Ŷ¬ӿǺҺżңȻ汻ѡˣɾͲඣͳ¬ӵգҲѡԲԣһЦ
һ˷ɲô˵Ҫ¬ӼԺҲܳʳ˰
¬ɣСı¬ʳܻҪȥģպ
Ԫ߹ſڣȻ˶¬ɣ˵㣬бƹݵĺϰü۵ôǸ˶ҶĴ̽˵ЩٲھƹݳԷպĹǰ˵˵ȻЩٲǣоǱ͵͵ߵģҪ˵ǻˣȻҲᱻٲ֣ϲĶ
þò˵໰ˣպľǼá
¬ɣ߹ȥһۣ˿ʱ֣緹ʱ¬ʳΪææµµڿϰСƹݣǵؼˡ
Цպ쿴¡ˣȥкˡ
¬ɣȻԸôŹϰ壬ԪһԪ⣬ʶļʱװͼӴ˵ȥ
Щٲԭû¥ôѡŮֻڳԷʱϰ岻֪ʲô裬Ϊֺùٲүǣ˵˭δ޵ĹŮԹٲǲŴѡŮ
⼸Ӷǳ࣬ྵģܿʹ˳ȥ
ͷ˭ûкüӰйŮ˼Ҳ٣պĵֻӣԼҲõĹŮͰѽַھǸˣϧŮʹպӣ
ЩŮұѡеǸӷŭֱӴҺϰ鷳
ַھǲȰ裬׷׽кãŰѺϰ˸Ѫͷ
Ӻϰ岻ûˣ¥ҲȥֻһϣźӰˡ
ϰýٻ黹Ҫ̶̼죬ķѾŮȢϱ˼ңҶ˷æΪԼŮҺ·
¬ǱҲ֪ٲŵ飬ʼԹĳΪ¬ɣס
¬ɣʼԸ⣬¬ʢȴټԪĹĶһвأһԿòþͲҪӦ
¬ԴͦḻģҢӼ˾ҵݣΪУµѧġ
ˣ¬ɣʽʼ֮·

 47 

¬˵˼, ûѡŮ飬¬ɣѼǣʮ, ڻѾ˺ܶˡ
һԶŮ, ǫڼǰͶ˻£ʱЩϧҪүûȸͬŶ¶ӵĻ£ȻöȢɣϼҲһ׮¡
Ҫ¬ɣ֪뷨ƻǫѾˣȻִ˵˼άǫʵʵĽ, 黹ˣ
֮, ¬ҢѰü˳, ҲѡЩзõ, ҪƷãѧʶѧҲ
Ң, ˣ󲿷ֶǺų, ҾͨǸ˵Ͻĺꡣ
¬˵ҪƷûϵǿ԰ġ
ǫڱϲһ仰Ц, ҿС¬ã¬̼֮ϼ츳¥ֿһʳ꣬¡һͬȥԼͻӡ
¬˲ΪȻʲôֵÿҫö˶˵һǧСоϧڵʱҶչˣһҪúչɣүҳˣƶûϵзòѧãлй˲С
ҢЦˣ֪ˡ
¬˲ֱֳ⣬Ůʵˣ෴ϾͨΪ漰˫ӣһӵ飬ֻĸûУúӿ۲С
ԣѡѡͰ¬ɣλѧӼ档
һιŴʽףԪ¬ɣҪţ£ҲҪϣĩˣƤҲó
ԴǮˣ¬ɣûǮܣ·ױӣҲģƤˮ£һĴɲˡ
ҪǰԪ˵Ĵȫͺһֱʡ
ôȥһѧӡ뻹˰ɡ
¬ɣλֻһ֧Сδϣҳ硣
˸ҢܵѧսԼʮ꣬®ݸʿϸһĸֵáѧĿǰӼڶѧȼǸš
òСһöǳ鲻̫ԵʣѧӵƤܰףɫҲЩ԰ף˵һܳ
զȻȥе񣬵ϸͻֲᷢҾɫչЩѧƺЩ
ϣ¬ɣԽѧӵĵһӡ
ڴ˵ͬʱҲڴ
ѧӸ񣬡Сһ¬
¬ɣȻҺԺͤ£ԶҵѾͷӣһԪڻš
ѧӲ˼˼ҹֻð봹۾¬ɣ˵
¬¬˵ֶŮ
¬ɣǵġ
ʣҹøиҸ׵飿
ѧæ˵ѾС
¬ɣŶһҢѾ֪Ǿͺá
ЩΣʵ޻ģߣϾǸŮʱȻһȺ˿׻ǲڡ
ڽѧͿʼ˵˵ļͥ˵ĸף˵ı٩٩̸
ղżЩ΢ɬС겻ͬˡ
Ҳǣ¬˵ѧӼҾֻͨмĶأⶼǿĸ߹顣һ麮ѧҪȨƵľǹӼ鲢ô׵飬Ҫ裬ԹɫС
Ȼѧӻﻰ⣬ἰһ־ǡˡˡ
Ӽ˾ҵҢ
ѧӳж˵®ݸѧұΪƶʵ飬˵֧֣ҲڹӼ顣
¬ɣøȻǲ뿴ǰ;ɶ
ȻҢĴŹ
˾ͬСʦһ㣬¬˵ֶŮССһúô㣡
˹øĸѧӻһǻ˼ԸȢ¬
¬ɣ
ô¬ԸĪСƶ
¬ɣڵıһζʧòûУֻǸռ棬̫˽⡣
ѧӵҶ¬˽⡣¬ڻ¥ֿʳɣи֮룬ǳɻʳ겻Ҳա
ͻȻɢһ֪ԴĴ

ȻײһǸͲס
¬ɣŭЦΪΣ
̼֮±ϾͼŮӸðر֣ŲŲųɣоͬ˴򽻵ŮΪѧ˵дʡ
¬ɣЦЦ˵֪ٹӼ飬ÿʳޣÿףֻһ˵ĿʹȢ֮󣬺ңηĸ
ˢһһᣬҼмĶأĸΪҵȢӣһͬ廻Ǯ
üͷý¬ɣӡȻ½¬òܲϧմȾ˲о֮
¬ɣø˵ʧĸ׺ว󡣹ӵĸǸ˾ˡǣӺԲԼĸף
ѧɫһ䣬ʲôʱĸף
¬ɣЦӸղ˵ѽ˵̼֮ǼҵӵĸΪ˸ӳ廻ӣһһѵǹ˵ļҵô
磬ѧ¬ɣʮ֮һҲȲϡ
¬ɣǿ֮ʱĸɣô˵ǲأ
ѧʵǿʼȻ¬ôƶôС޻˵
¬ɣЦ⻰˵ĿɲƶҽվͲˣֻ˽һηĸô񷴵˵ƶ
֪һ˵룬ôҺڣⲻôѸѧ
ãûʲô˵ġ
һʧܣ
˵ĺ󶼱Ѿȥˣ˵¬¬ԽüͷԽЦúϲ£죬ﰡҳһģһҲͨʱֲǺ¶ˮģûǮôӣҾ˲ã㲻ܼ޸ӿ϶ĸɵģĸԸԵͷûñȥҵѽ
¬öЩô˵ģ˵ǰ;ڵľҵϣֻҪ˾٣ûкӹ
Ϊ˶һǱףڻǸ
ȷʵʵоˣһֻţҪμӿƿһԾͷ
¬ɣֱԵʵҲںǷƶΪȵ֪ͨԾ˽⣬ϾղŷҲ˵ˣ˲ܿ¶ˮ档
¬̾˿Ǿٿɡ
Ҫȥæ飬¬ɣԪûгͻȥˡ
һ·Ԫ߶ʲô˿ߣǿʳӪʲôˣ㣬㿴ǶԵġ
¬ɣҲúţҲ鷳Ͷ̫ˡ
ؼҺæ׼ڶõĲˣڽ桰
Ԫһͷ¬ɣ˵ҹѲˣ
¬ɣڶ⽴ɽ졣
ʲô£ʡ
ѡŮѾˣȷ£Ƕﴫ
¬ɣŶ
ȷʵŲĴҡ
ллˡ
öô
֮ƺһָ֮С
Ԫ˲ȥѿռ䵥øǶˡ
¬ɣȻˣô϶ǳն϶롣
˼ͬʱڡ
ʵҿԡ
¬ɣˣѾ
ƺǰҲһΣ¬ɣ˵ǰǴ˵ػ˵ɡ
á
¬ɣЦ˲Ϊҵģҹ¬Ѿ࿴˼ˣҽվͼһλӣѧʶΪҲã˵ҺܿͿԼ޳ȥ֮ǰڲ˵δ޵飬ϣûиš
һԼΪʲô¬ɣ˵ղ˵ǣʵҿȢ㡱
ֻϧĻ˵ꡣ
¬ɣԹԵ˵øΪҵܲģøѡ˶ǹӼѧƷѧʶǲȥӦúܿС
˵ĻƺˣããȻ
¬ʳʱһ侲
¬˵Ҫ࿴˼ңϾҪˡ
Ϊٵȵȣ׽˰飬ʽӭȢȴû뵽Ҫˡ                        
лҪ˵̫ˣ׽棬

 48 

뿪, ¬ɣʼˡ
ܵ˵Ȼ˴ֵ꣬õ, ȷʵ׬Ǯ, ׿ɱԼɵķֺ죬ʣµλȻһִͷ
Ӧÿ滮ˡ
¬ɣԪð켸ĶأӰѵٸøӹ淶һЩ
Сʳޣֻܰռڣһͷһͷ
ǵٴһ㣬ȫԷֳ, һרɫ, һΪʳ, ʳĲҲɹ̶, Ŀˡ
һ¬ɣڵСʳҪһһԷ, ϵĿˣûӦд, в˶һ죬¹ӳһ٣¬ʳڷⲿֿˡ
ԪƵƵͷ˵еһˡԼλǵﶼҪУӿ϶Ҫ, ҲҪð켸Ķ
ĶؿܻڵũҵڿյĽ׶ΣÿĶصĲߣ¬ɣĴҪʮĶߣӾͲˡ
ȥӣأҪһж˳ĻصԸʵ֡
¬ɣԪ°ͣȤ˵ͿԸиŮ
Ԫ¬ɣСһ꣬˵㲻ҲҪҪеľͺˣʮ겻鶼û˹ܣҲסˣ˽ˣôҲһ㶼飿
¬ɣʮģǶʮ꣬Ҳʲô
Ԫҿ˸ղɫʧǵġ
¬ɣб鷳İɣ̷ʵۣϷ⣬ʵ˽µײ֪ҪķѶ
ôҲеͨ
ԪʵľͲˣ
¬ɣֵؿһۣʵ㵽ôˣô
ԪҾǾÿϧ˺ãҲãһʵ治ףǶԱȽǸӣ찡޸ˣͲͷ¶棬һҪʮ꣬˾٣⣬˵ҪɸС檣в˾ٵĻһţ˵Ҷ𡣡
¬ɣ°ͣ˵𰡣ûǮҲҪҪ뷨ϺϵġˣҸǲܵģѾˣͱûʲôÿϧġ

һѧʧܣûգ¬ָһš
¬ɣϴһȥš
տԼʮ꣬ñϴμĽѧ΢׳ʵЩ˵ĵһӡǺ̤ʵ
ŵǹӼѧаʱˣ˵꼫пܽӼࡣ
˵һ¹Ӽ࣬൱ڹŴ廪ѧ˹Ӽ飬ÿ»㷢ǮԣܽġżǮвѧһͿԽȥˡ
¬ɣ׵Ķ׼Ӽ
վ˻վ԰ӵͤԶΧ۵ѾӶǻϴһˡ
Ż٣٣¬ɣֲֹǲ˼ƺܿյӡ
¬ɣ²⣬λѵǱøҢӲǱƹģҢ˰¬Ҳ˵ҪԸǧǿ˼ҡ
ѾǶţ˾ôһȥҲǸ취¬ɣֻȿˣ﹫ˣ
Ƿϻʵ֪ˣûһ
ż򵥴ˡ
¬ɣʣиĸɰã
ţͦõġ
¬ɣֵá
һһá
Ӫ
ʮĶɹӪ
ǿģ
˼Ҳʹǰ;¬ɣɫذԽԽϬ
Ÿտʼĵ̬ȣʱʵҵ棬ɲͷһ¬ɣ
ȴ֪λش⡣شİɣʵĲȷشûİɣ̫˵ӡ
ֻܺԼŬգֻҪ˹Ӽ࣬պûо٣ҲԹӼˡ
аɡ
¬ɣʣ﹫ûʲôҵģ
﹫ӱܵ˵û
̶뵽ʲôһҲǡ
ȻͲˡ
ôһһˣ¬ɣʵ޻˵ˡ
﹫ӽʵɣҹøҲһΪѱ˵ˣ֮£Ը﹫Ϊʲôҹø˵ǰװ˷Ѵҵʱ䣬ھȥҹø˵
﹫ӻæģ¬ǧȥ˵
¬ɣ۾ô£
˵ڣǵıˣǳС
¬ԲʵѾˣԭҽ˹Ӽȥ׵ġ
ΪʲôҾ˾˵
ԣ¬ɣӿת
ص֡Ӽࡱ
ΪܽӼģ
ſЦǵģǶԲҼҾͨǰ඼ûнӼ࣬ͬʶˣʵڲþܾҲƭ㣬˵Ļ棬Ȼ㿴ˡĶԲΪұܣǧҪˡ
¬ɣֱ
˵ҿԲ߹øԼȥѻ˵
ƾʲôŲɵűԸԼϴ
飬¬ҢһȻ֪ˡ
Ң֪֪̾治֪ġ
ſʵɿ˭û˼š
¬˵ǽѵ˭ƽʱűˣǶԴͬ绹ͬöҪһۡ
һѡʧܣ¬˲׷죬Ң෽̽зƷ
¬ɣǣϾʳĶˣ˷Ѳá
Ȱǣ򷢵ף߻ϣټͼȣĥаѹʵȻгɷװŴֽ׵ţǾˡ
ѩֵ࣬¬ɣԪһ˶ʮǡ
ǵζƮúԶᶼŵζ·˽ʲô
¬ɣóһСǳǳԣȻˣЩóҶ
ţִ𣬻йͣζηḻĴ󲿷ǶҪóԡ
¾˼ȥ
Ƴ¬ɣóгС˿ԳԣԳԺپǷ
ĲˣΪϾҪˣǵҲÿңʮǲȫȥˡ
¬ɣԪּӹӵһŵӣмţ飬Ƕ༸㣬ʵ֤ܳɹǵζǰһŨЩ
֮ӣ¬ɣԽ˳
߸ղ෴
ٽأ˼Ҷϲ׼꣬ǵ˰ͻȻһ׮š
˰ʧֵͣþ˽֪
ǵϰճԹϵͦߵġ˵ԼΪƷĽָ֪ͬͻʵ۵ĳţ˰Ը׺ܲТ˳˵˰Ϊ˰ԭ򣬲ϲӣҪ˰·СӣɴһլϷ
Ŵţǣһϡ˰ԭ˺飬һԭ˰ɵķˣɴְɸǣ
֮˵һΪТ˰ȡ
ԪŲɹһ䣬˵¬ɣĩˣ̾˼ҵĹ澫ʣǻҲȲϡ

 49 

˰ʧ͵, ڹԹȺȴһΪ˰ҷ˲ǸƵŮˣӸ顣
˳˽, ЩǱָָ, ߵ棬˵ЩĻ
ίȥͿʼޣ߿ޱָ𲻸Ҫھлúãڻʵǰ棬ԼҲôû
ĸһٱԹҲ
ΪҵӾͺù䣬ͲûϿ, Ҫȥ, дڵĽⰡ˵˶ǼȨƵ, һܲһӰѺλøռס, ûȥҲѡõ̫ʦʹϼоǴ, ͷҵ£û, ˵Ǻѡ
ҲűԹ취ıĴ
ѽǲָŶӵͷ˵
첻ߣٲҲ׶ӣ͵Ϊ취ĸָļʮ˽, ûǮ˰ɣǵĵճӣպ˰Ҫ䵽ͷϡ
ĵ顣˰͵ͷˣȴɱļǧôһעƲ϶䵽Уȷʵ˳ĵճӣȻĸ˰ˡ
׻ڣͰȥסǲТ˵ʱΪϷ׵һ檣״ŭڸʵסȥųסҿﲻøϸӣ淢֮
ݺݳһơ
ʮĴһ÷
ԥˣⲻ̫ðɣҲÿ
ģԽԽԼⲻߴȥ˰˵
֧֧ᣬڰʵ˵ˣʱǸ檵ʵǸᣬġĸϼңҪҲκϽǲʰ
ɲ꣬úܡ
Ϸ˰檵飬һְŵģԼҲİѱ˰ûȰȥ˰ûˡ
Ǿ͸ɴõ־ݣ֤ͬϾӹϵˣ
ˣΪû⣬Ҳ뷨Ƕ㲻᲻öӣ᲻ýָ֪ͬ𣿡
ĶڣǰٿԽƣ˰̫䡣
һǲף統ڻǰҲûΪϴ˵һ٣õǰź򣬲ҲΪڻǰ״𣿡
ֲֹһͬˣ峤ͬҲС̾
Ǿ취峤Ӧۼҵļ࣬ߣҪǶôӹˣȥˣѿôˣ
棬ﲻܷΪҾ׳ȥûвþ衣
ṩ˼·һʼ⡣
ĸıȻ˳·үҲڰǡ
ͷϵ¸ص峤Ϊ˰˵ʱ˽ü䵱ѵ飬ҵ峤棬Դǰ˰һͨ
ټ˵߷磬峤ļ֤£˰־ݣϾӹϵӴ˲
ֵúܣʷ鵯˰ӡ˰ٴʵ۳ӴƷĽָ֪ͬƷָ¡
˶ȻϽְʵȻûʵ۵Ŀأǰһڻʵߡ

ʱ¬ɣɰ
¶ʮ壬ġͬΪӸһ˳Զʳ֤긣
Ǻɰ
ǰһǡĸʮʱ˳
ΡᡢǼϸɰСʳã붹ȵʱΡ۵ȵϣɣɰϷ
ҿӣζ˱Ƕ
Ԫˮˣ¬ɣʱ;ҲóʲôɰˣֱӶȾУտɰžõȴֵõġ
˺ɲɣպùʱǵɰո
ڽҲζסˣиͣ
Ҳŵζˣһ㣬ʲôˣ
¬ɣ⣬ȴģһ򵥵ɰ
ԸԪʢڿӣԼȥһ衣
Ϻõ̲裬㣬뷹ϵɰһȣǾһ㶼ˡ
˲裬ߵ£Ԫְֻһꡣ
¬ɣףС˵칬磬Ӧǳѽѵķθڣ
ķǺ÷ҲֻǶ˳ڸӣ͸ˣ˻ܳԣ޷ӡҽնл¬Ĳ뷹
˵Ͳس
аɣҿһȻ治ԡ
յɰ¬ɣֺòˣԹ˾ζô
Цζʮ㣬
𰸻⡣
¬ɣܾƺʮֺãˣǰ˰ϾӹϵǱʷǱʵ۽ְôôôˡ
ǣֱʵˣʲôϲ𣿡
Ԫǲǻʹʲô󱦱ϡ䱦֣
Цֻʹһƣûˡ
Թ¬ɣ©ˣȥЪŰɡ
Ҳһۿ©ʱߵң̫ղųԶˣȥӱɢʳ
кܶ໰Ҫ¬ɣ˵
¬ɣʾܾڵ磬䣬Ҳȥ洵磬ҲؼҰɡ
֣˵˵ɡ
¬ɣҡͷǲˣŮܲסøһֱң˵࿴˼ңҪעЩ
ðɡ
ԪŽż⿴˿ǣźڽݣ˵˻ȥˡ
¬ɣŶһ˺ֽŴ棬ϾҪˣΪһϲ
˼˽𼦱Ҿ˸ĸ֡
ʵǶóֽ¬ɣоǻửںֽ軭ãȻ˳·ֱӼУһϣ˼ֽ
հ˽ֱŴϣ˵ôһͮͮģ̾˹ա
ʹҲҪãԪĴ㣬ϦظĸҳһԲһͻ¬ɣһꡣ⼸˿ʼ׼Ķ
ʵҲûʲô׼ģǿʳģԳԵĶܹö׼پһЩҪɹͷӣ±⣬ɨȵȣСµ٣ÿͿʼæ
ٽѾǰ˼٣¬ɣԪƽʱҪæһЩ
磬ͻȻڽлΪˣһȻǺþû
ԪֱӵүˣʳȣҪԶǾǹڼҲţȹ˳ʽš
ҡͷ飺ҲԷġ
ܲİɣԪȤ
죬һ仰лͬ¬˵
ôһ춼Ҫͬ˵¬ɣε룬һ㶼˵                        
лҪ˵ŴԶϾӹϵˮ䰴νǡ

 50 

¬ɣվɼ䡣
Ů, δ˵лǲҪ˵ˡ
ģǿƵ, һ¬ɣô˵, ӦþͲ˵ˣ
б䣬ûкˣֱ¬ɣ۾˵¬л˵ıöǰռˣ
浰·ǺܾԶһˣԴ붭ҵĹ˾˽, ¬ɣΪ붭, ޹ϸ, Ӵ˾Ͳٹ, ʵԴԪ֪ģģԪ̬, Ҳǰἰˡ
¬ɣô޹أ㲻ǵϢҡ
, ǱϾˣͻȻ¬е㲻
ôˣʥֱ
Ԫȥ˵ôͲ붭˲ģµЩ캦飬Һҽ㸣󣬻ô, ˵ǳ˶Ϊ
ԩԩ౨ʱˣ˵ѾõǵıӦ
¬ɣ֮ѱ֮ƣΪ飬ڼν֪ʲô˼𣿡
ǶˣȻöǺˡ
¬ɣȰԺˣȻҪġ
ûڲѣ֪¬Ϊ˵ҵ飬ֻһʱ֮䲻֪ôڣһ¶ҵ顣
˭֪¬ﷴӦôҲûпֻ֮˵Ե±ԹѣϾ¬׾˾ˣһĴڰ
¬ɣˣԪҲɨɨأʱɨѲͣͷããɨء
æڵط۾¬ɣǱ߳Ȼ˸ҾǸղСʧԣԲ¬
аɡ
¬ɣûҪޱͷ͵¹ȥˡ
֪Сƺл˵͢ѡŮ飬¬˵ɣв˼ҶҴææļŮûжץ˻ԼЩлԼˣҲиǰģСܵĹ
¬ɣû¡
СһֵҪǹʲôҪæģҲԸС˵
ûʲôҪæĶæҪûʲô¾ͻȥɡ
СС顣Ůһ£ССԸȢΪǡС˵˵Ļڴ¬ɣ
˲Ѿ
¬ɣ죬Ԫͬ죬̶үѾ˻°ˣ
ССĸĸΪСµĻ£СϲǸ¬㵱ʱԸӦСֻܲܵõҵĵλС֤Ǽ޵ңһãί
ǵ檰
ԪɨѾͳȥ㵹ҽҶϡ檣Ժˡ
ֵסе¬СͰСϲ
¬ɣ˸ָڽ
ڽһֳݣצӾץŵȶˣĶӡ
Ԫ׷ϣ߸ϱԶ㣬ȻҼһδһΣ
Ԫˡ
Ǹˣôͱ
¬ɣ˫ֳ°ͣղŵĳûֿЦ
ôһһ΢ĹȥˣǹŴ˵۾ˡ
ӽѧӡţȫͳĹŴˣйŴ˵Ĺԡ¬ɣӦûҵһϵ˹ˡ
ں¬˸ŵףһָûСҪг͢ѡŮ⵵£þ˺ӦöϾ˳ɼҵͷʵʵҵõġ
ھи񶾵뷨ʵ϶ϲɵôһԶüţϽɵˣٻСˣ
ȻʵۻǻúúõģΪɵԭ򣬽ܲ
̫ʦдһƪʳʸʵۣʵۿú⣬ȿ湬ˣȥ롣
żǬ幬ֵأ̫ʦ˸棬̫ʦЦǺǣָ˵Ǻη
֣ҵ
ɲǺηôԼ׵ϾӹϵҲǲˣⲻǺײϣֻڻʵ۵ĽǺǡ
ҲҺǽҪĹ٣ֻ;жϣҲˡ
Ȼְǻʵ۶ĳֲ̫ʦ衣
ܱһǵδϲ˰
ʵ۴ŹŮ̫߳ղ˵˹ϲ֣ʵ̫ʦϲʲôʲôϲ£
̫ʦЦϲڲͬЩ߹Ĵҹ㣬ƫƫھ¥ֿʳϰⶼѾ˻飬Ӧÿ˰ɣ
ʵȤ飿
ʵԽԽأܹŵԽԽ٣̫ʦŵ̷Ψһǻʵġ˰̫ʦߵýʱʵ۵ʱԶͬ˰˸ӹϵ³һʵ۸ӿ
ȢһСŮҲܷϻʵ۵⣬볯ȨƵĳӽ׷ǻʵ۲Ը⿴顣
˻ʵһ̫ʦô˵Ƿ顣
ûзϣֱӸˡ
Ӹô¬ͰԻʵҲܶ˵ʲô
ʵ˷ܵһĴȣ°ŮӺϡͲС˰ɣ͸óɻˡԭ޹㣬ϧûĹںðˣ׼ʲôʱɻ鰡
ûȷ
ʵۣ㶼жʮ˰ɣϴСˣ޿Ҳˣȹ꣬ӣϽɻˡˣƸҲҪܣ޸ˣֻܰĵȢӡ
ʵ۾ôĻ°ŵ׵װס
ԼǸΪӵˣҲˣңƸػ㣬ʵԸΪϲĳӰƸˡ
﷢ôһ飬¬ɣ֪޾ǳϦˡ
Ŵĵһ꣬ʳ¶ʮѾֹͣӪҵǷŴڼ١
Ԫĸ׽ؼңһٻ¬ɣʰö֮ڽʳȻȥʱס¬˼ҡ
¬˰һסܿģ¬ɣ֣ЦҴСĽи㣬ͲԼҲУˣҪǱǼҳסͺˡ
ѾͷЦҿλС㶼סС࿴˼ңСҲ˷ңٶһҲҪޡ
˵ʲôأȥȥĻҪ˵
ʵҲûʲô˽ܻŮ֮Ĺ뷿Ըöغദ崺磬ǸǳõŮӣ¬ɣദܿġ
¬˺ϸģ¬ɣð˹·Ρ
¬ɣƴǣ裬Լ׼ˡ
¬˵ǹ⣬°ɣԼ͵Լҡˣ㸸ˮ壬ûԸǹߴǳɶ
¬ɣû
¬룬ȻˣǻǲҪˣڱ𴦣벻㣬պ޵ǣְҲС
֮˾һЩعķ֮ġ
СѾͷ¬ȥ鷿˵ү¡¬һȥܾòŻһֱüͷ
ʵôˣǲǲ
¬˵û¡
룬¬ɣ˵ɣиˣҪҪ
Ϧˣ˰˿
ϴμÿţϴμĽѧӣǲرõˣûǲҪӰҹˣȿ˵
¬˼֣Ǽɡ
һȷʵҲʲô¬ɣӦ
ʱ䰲ڴ磬ĵطˣǺ԰ͤӣҲûЩѾͷӿš
¬ɣƿţһϤˡ
Ϊʲôʲôʱʶҹøģʲô
¬ɣ𾪲ѣʮΪʲôҪúõ
ҪĻͬ˵
¬ɣЩԺ˵Ϊʲôҵҹø
εΪҲ˰ֻȼˣټ㡣
Բ𡣡֣صصǸ
Ȼѹ﷢˵һ顣
¬ɣеˣʵ϶ǴĲкӹɡ                        
лҪ˵֮,ѱ֮,Ϊ,ڼν


 51 

¬ɣҧг, ò㱬ը
Ź΢ƽƽ֮, û, Ƕ顣
Ǹһϵûе飬ԼΪ˵δޣϻʵۿڣ޹ĪֶһδޣֲҪеġ
¬ɣΪ͵͵ȥȻ΢üͷ, ɫǡ
¬ɣû°ɣ
¬ɣôû, ҺĻڱеˣ
һͷ, ʥϽһ, ջصĵ
¬ɣͷɥ̧֣Ķһ, ģһҡ
ôһ˵, ¬ɣΣ૵ԲҰǣһ׮鷳
һ£ڵ۾ص̫࣬˵, 鷳
¬ɣЦǸˣڻ˵鷳οҡ
̯֣㿴ֲϲңҪȢһŮӣҪӣ붼ѹⲻ鷳ʲô㱾ԺúѡһԼϲĹȢӣһСޣڲ
һģ˵껰ҡҡͷ΢΢ЦңҾͦõġ
¬ɣһֱ˵ı鿴ܶʱ治ʲô
˫֣¬ɣ۾ûϲ㣿
¬ɣĶȻһ£֣վ
̶⻰ʲô˼ϲԼ¬ɣţϲԼʵصһ
ѧѧģŲɵһεͬһ
¬ɣɵظЦ֪ϲҰϲһǰǸ˵ѵԼˣ磿
硱ڶУռˣ޲ûȥѵʱԼݺݵһ١
СĸʧԹ룬ŮϵɼͲ⣬һӲסֱ¬ɣŮȫͬϻۣӲľȴ˶ǿ
ʼΪĸ¬ʵչȴÿÿϣһССŮӣԼľƾ˫ȥԼǸ߹󴿽ˡ
ŮӣʱԲλ࣬˰ɹЩ䲻õŮӡ¬ɣʱ֪ܾһ׾ӵĽڡ
ι磬ʲô
¬ɣǰ˻ӡ
񣬡ûʲô
¬ɣתתȥôѽҵԧףҪʵ˵ֱͣˣ½
ҡͷҿУ̷ʮ꣬Բ¼ɶɣϲΥĻ
¬ɣҧǣǻϵô
һԵƣȻ˵ֵﶦʢ
¬ɣ̾һ
ҽʮ꣬念޲Ⱥã檣ƣˡҳ˰һϾϵĸҲѸļˣڵνָ£ٺ»ߣÿϻϵʹۺԼ޶Ӧû⡣
¬ɣǳԾһСѿڶǵٺ»ôͰ
ǽĸ߹٣ôһ㣬µ˿϶١
¬ɣæ͵û˼Ǻ档ǰ˵һ׻֪ʮѩͦõģ֤׵ģûܻߣ߹֬ࡣ
ٵǮֱ̫ˣ˵˳ǹһְء
˵ԭʵǲģʮѣҵ׶ˣؽ¬ɣġ
ȵȣҴص˰ɣص㲻ĹΪʲôô٣ΪʲôһԱͥƲ״
˵Щʲô
˽ҵ
¬ɣҲ˽⣬Ҳ޸㡣
룬Ҽǵǰ˵Ľ
ס죡˵꣬¬ɣһֱƽ顣
ǹְ
¬ɣյǰǰϲɣǻðֲϲңȻҲ;Ͳϲˣ

ֻ˵ɻ׼ˡ
ķչ֮⡣ǹ飬˰飬ѣҲ취ȥΨʵڼ֡
¬ɣĸԸȢҪģԺúչ׾챿¬ɣһ䡰Ҳ;Ͳϲˡ֯õҲ˵
ѵʵǡϲġ
¬ɣں֪
ϲ֪
԰ϲҲϲ㣬ţҸһ
磿
԰Ǹ硣
ˮתʲôõĹԭˡ
Ĺͷ֪ʲô
¬ɣҲû̫߸ϵĽ˾ˣԼܾͦˬģէȻ˾ܾ̫Ӧ
һ£ˣ£ڿû취ˡ˵ԲסˣҲԿģһᲹ㡣
ֺЦ̧ͷʣʲôң
ǰǮȨ¬ɣ벹ѣ
ǣڲͬˣ˵ûǮȫӲ
ǮǮ𣿡
ĿǮġ
¬ɣҰѻ˵ꡣǼװ飬Ҳװ󣬸סģܸģ棬ȹӣĵغ룬һ㲹ӡ

¬ɣˣֲԿһҸͻݵ
أ
ңԺôҲˣԺԼҺú׬ǮС
¬ɣʵ뷨ھԼ׵Ľѧӡź¬ɣôľü޸һŴ˷̫ˡ
ʱ˶һִ˵ôزԹ£ĹŴŮһ̡
¬ɣԼ뷨гȻ˵ҪǲǾӦˡ
ûӦ
¬ɣҪӦ
ôԿΪʲôҪӦ㣿
Ҹ磬ĵȻҪãҾ͵ӦˡҲġңΨһܴӦɻȻȻҾ˵ε˸ĸΪᣬҪΪĸطТ£ţӦûȫҵһƬТİɡ
˿̣˵ʲôԥ˽յĺ¬ʲôʲôɣԼΧֻҪ˾ͺá
ҴӦ
̸׺󣬴鷿¬һ磬¬ɣЦõõģҸѾ˵ˣּǡ
Ң򸾹ֵλģ¬޹һúô
վһҲɲŮòΪ֮֮Ҫõö࣬¬ܵ˵Ż»Ͽɵġ

 52 

Ң¬෴, Ĺ٣ȻƫΪ¬ɣһŮ
ٴϮ·ŵ, оѫ֮, ĸٰǲ˰ǽռҢϲ֡
˰ǰǾģӦǸϵðɣȻ飬Ң롣
׮¹˻ϵۣΪ׼ƸҲֻű, Ƕɫͺһ, ¬ĸ̬Ů, Խ
¬˳Ӧ, дͿͳš
ЦҾ˱ȿҪöˣŶѽ
Ң, Ůһۡ
̲ҿˡ
Ңֿ˷һۣ¬˻, ɣ䣬ůȥɡ
ů¬ȥŮ죬¬ɣϸ
¬ɣȥ½£Ȼʵ˵˵ȥ, ˡ
¬֣㣬̫ʦ¡ôһ˵Ǹˣˣ޸ҲģֻﵽǸʲô紫
¬ɣšһ󲻹լЩ˽ɡ
¬Ѱ˼ô룬ź̹ǰˡ
ֹ̹ǰأӶأ¬ɣЩ¬ˡ
ȻҪףͲܲᵽױ飬¬Ϊ裬岻ݴǣ¬ɣ鷳Ӷð죬ֱӲɹˡ
¬˵Ǹ˼ֻ¿ҪˣҴææʲôöΪЩȳһ㣬ױϻβȵȶֳɵġ
¬ɣ鷳ҲǷ飬˵ֲףԺҪģʵڲŲĶ
ƾ˵죬¬˴⣬ҿ͸ԼŮһ˵Ҫųף֮ٸðҲüˣҵġ
¬ɣ޷ֻǰ¶ģպʱҪ׼һݺױ
֮¬ٴζҪú¡
¬ɣع˳شӦ϶岻Ҳûȥ壬ʱǮͳˡ
ҵĳϦ綼Լˣ¬ɣһգ̻ȻƣϦ֮ҹúܲ
ҢӹŰ壬Ʒзѧӣ¬ģˬʴ󷽣ѵõһˣ붭ȣ˼䣬֮
վˡ
һϣ¬ɣǫȥݸҢ򸾰꣬ȻõѹǮ.
ǫһ⣬Ůһ˵õһֻӡ
Թ緹¬ɣ¬ȥ
صʳ꣬ڽӭӣֻǰצ¬ɣˣԪܳϲˣһΪһЩأ
¬ɣһǽ㣬Ұ꣬˵֣
ԪҾ֣
¬ɣݣóһݸĺ
Ԫһԭϴι¥Ľ˿һ룬˻ظ¬ɣ̫ˡ
¬ɣλԼϵĽ˿°ɣһһֻ⡣
ɷ˵ԪϣЩ֮׬ǮΪ˻ѽ㿴Ŷÿ
ԪϲЦտлл㣡
ˣ׻ˣ˵Ϲȥ˵ʲôҺܿһˣһͷˮʲô°
¬ɣɤӣǸ˵ҲûҺӦòúҪˡ
Ԫˡ
¬ɣĵ̾˿Ϸ档
ٸԪӲˣϷ棬ȻϷɼ٣ټ棬ټ٣Ǻαأ
ǺúõһԣԵαŪôᣬô鷳
¬ɣ̾˿Ԫ㲻
ԪСֹǲҾʹûŪ
ϻȥȥҳԷʣ׻˵Ҫǲȥ͵˴ӹˡ
¬ɣȥΪʲôȥ
ȥ˵飬Ȳ飬ҲΣֻһԼǰôദôദ̹Ȼúܡ
һЩ˻·ȥҡ
˶̬ȶֵֹģ¬ɣΪ⣬ȻͺˡҪȥ׻סüŪۣˣѾ¥ϯ棬ֱ͹С
УǾ͸ʡˡ
ϣӹ
¥ϯҲѾ͹ˡ¬ɣ󷽣һҲǷǳ֮ȫûδֺţ뿴Ϸ׼ֵܳϨ˻                        
лҪ˵

 53 £׽棩

¥Ǿһһľ¥, רŹӦٹˡ¬ɣԪȥǿڶλãлһ¥ĲƷ
˵Ȳ, ĵ, ƷֵģӰڵġԷȴֻˣÿ˶ǽһ£󣬴ҼӰѾӦÿԳԵ߰˰ˡ
¬ɣƣԲƣվף´, Դ
Լ˵ھЦ, , ˳ھ˵, ףˡ״硢׶磬´֣;ͨ
˾ٱһ
׻һ, ¬ɣķ˾٣ôҾף¬, ɪгϡ
⡭¬ɣ֪ôӣֻܺǺȥؾ׽һơ
¥Ĳζܲѹ˼ҿǵһ¬ɣе޵һ˱ƬѩӨĶ֮, ʣǳζ治֪ôġ
«⣬ǵ¹׻Ҳԣһһ飬ųԺò֡
׽Լֱܵ̾ǳϢˣŮԵģȥôҵõϱ
⻰һ׻θˣ磬㲻ҲûϱﻹŶϱأҲиɩӣȸܣôҲҪˣٳף
һⱻ׽סɣ
ãԪһЦѡ
֮һƬЦ¬ɣϲա
ȥ˲֪ǲǽθڲãիһֻЩˡ¬ɣȥһѵһ鶹嵭ζ
һЦллȻԹɵذѶˡ
ó𣿡
죺պϣҸ˿⡣
¬ɣУհգʱ㡪СҲͦϲԵġ
ʵʱԼõˮĥ춹Բ˿Ҳͦ׵ģŲҪôԡ
ŶһȻ䵽һѩ˼棬ƺͦԵģ̣¬ɣûԹԼһܽؼƬԡ
׼ҪȥɸϿǵĸףһ¬ɣԪȥģֵû⣬к뿪ˡ
¬ɣ©ʱҲӣҽ쿴״̬ƺͬͷ٣࣬ѵǳϱʵ϶ѵˣ鲻õµģ
ͣʱ仹磬ҸԪԼȥɡ
ԪҲ˵ǰǰԼȥ˲ˡ
ͻȻŶͷȻҡҡͷֵ춼ˣԼȥҲġ
ղڷò̫ýˣ¬ɣܺ죬Խ۾еʣ㣬û°ɣô죬ƺȶˣ
ӦҲڣҶܿƣûкȶپư
ֱߣû£û£ǻȥҺõúܡ
ûż½ţһ£ˤҿӣű泯£Ͷصĳ̬
ԪҲʼòԾ¬ɣӣС˵㣬˲ӲɣղųԷ;ùֵֹģôóԵԵҲ٣Ҳ̫˵ôǹˣǰ϶ǰ˵˵һɫವľֹˣ϶˵˵͸ûһ
۲죬ǰȻ˵٣Ƕ㻹кܶ໰˵ؿ治Ծ
¬ɣûչ˵ľ飬ʶ󿴵óԪôһ˵ʱЩȻæǰȥһַסһȥĶͷ
̣̣
ʮа.Ƿˡ
۾򶨣ϸǿټƽʱǹ׽׼ֵܶûܿ
ộɼյĲͣӦòͻȻաǴһȥֵˣӦͷˡ
¬ɣǷԼԼ֪͸˵
ߣԪʣȥ𣿡
¬ɣȵȵȣ˷ˣˡ
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˵ʹҴææܳȥˡ
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ðɣ⻰һ˵ƺˣϲˣϸߡ
վǶ˵Ҳ鷳û£ߣȥ
¬ɣҡͷӣٴ绹ˣȥŰɣҲҪ͡
Ҳ鷳ǿһ顣
¬ɣֻܵúã㲻鷳ԼӲԼûио𣿡
ʹ̫ѨԹԵе㲻һŵסӦ˯һͺˡԪȥٻ˯һվͺˣġ
¬ɣһҲûģԼͷ̵ܹ̯ˣ׼ֵ֪ܻܲܲҪˣһ˸գιȥô죿
ߴ׵׵Цֻ˵ͷ̯ҲιȥǰҲ߹ȥͺˡ
ҪӲߣô˰ĴүŷɥĽ
Լ˵ô¬ɣ߷ߵ룬ԼҪأڶҵÿһ춼ڿߡ
ЦŷɥǣСŮӾһ㶼ңңƭҡ
¬ɣʲôʱƭˣ
ûк
¥ּǴΣ뿴Ьģƭ˵Ьġ
¬ɣװɵ£ôǵˣ
˵֮͵Է¬ɣȥȻԼЬӣȻ£ϱӡ
˳ӵĻǰǲϸǱӣȡ
¬ɣƿӣͷԸϣýģ˺оһ㡣
óܲϲ˵ֻú۾۾ƺǣһȥϬһһоյĸо۾ܿǸ򵥵ˡ
ҲڵݣһֻС̹̲סҪ衣
¬ɣĶͷϵһ£ʣ۲ۣ
ҡͷ
û˼
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ϻ¬ɣһۣȻһˮݸȵˮ
ıʵеףĬĬˡҲʡ֣ӹ豭๾һˮ
ССĲ豭һҲװ˶ˮ¬ɣˮһˣٵٺȣһ屭źͣ
Ѿһˮͷ΢΢Щ飬ñȸղˡ
Ȼ¬ɣְڴϣñӰʵʵġ
Լڴߵľϣ˳һ飬
յҹǵɢӨӨĹâů֮ѵôʱ̡۾͵͵¬ɣ
ڵƹӳ£ķɫӨ񣬴ͷ飬ëСһһһȵģƺȵԼѾȻ᲻ñ۾Լѡ
¬ɣ۾ϣȴûȥԪôûɫѾˣһǹڼ䣬䣬ԪһСȥ˵˼Ҳ
Ŵ鷳ҪҩֱӸȥٺú˯һҲͺˡ
ҽһ纮ҪһտӻӦû°ɣ¬ɣԽԽе㺦£һƽͻȻˣ˸ӵġ
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¬ɣڰҪˣһȺźģҽƲˣôһأ
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Ҳˣ߽ͣԾ˵ƽʱ˵ĻʱҸĸѾ룬۰ҵĸҲˣ˰ôָϣǼĸʹЩСֶΣʱյıڻأΪԼҪˣӲôͣ
¬ɣ벻ôСײ˵Ƶľ̾լ¶治١
΢΢һЦǳɻ㲻ȥǣ˰ҲãҲգùǡ
¬ɣģ˻᲻˵Т˳
Ҫ֪ŴТǴ
ġѾϳ壬˰ǩ˶Ͼӹϵ飬˰ûκιϵˣȻޣܲҵ飬޹Ҳʲôϱȥ
ã¬ɣĴָ˵Ҳ̹õĴĥˡ
˵ʲôӾ͹ʲôӣҲ㣬Ҳñ㡣
¬ɣͻȻЩڣ૵ǲĽ飬ԭҲܲҡ㲻˵ùϵɡ

ʲôģȥˣ˭أǵùԼ

űƿԪ㣬û뵽ֶûҵҪô͹ţҪô˼ڳԲϹô죿
¬ɣû£û£ЪЪ׽׻ʲôʱȥ롣
Ȼ㻹ðɣ
£õġ
ӣ¬ɣҲöȥֻܸԪһչ
Ǽסһˮһϲ֪˶ˮپñʪëĶͷ
ʱ׼ֵܲŻ
¬ɣһָǴ˷գҪȥô죿
׻һĴȣѽǵ飬öЩƣͻͺˡȥҽ
׽ס˼ҿ㰡
׻κٺЦ벻ҽˣͷİɣҿ϶ҽҾһ㡣
Ҳ֪ʹʲôӣСʱһ׺ӵҽ
ҽƢС׻δӵ۾׻Ц˼ȸǴƲȥϸϣҪҪɱϤ㡣
׽æҽȥʵǴˣǴյĲᣬ鷳
ҽβ˵Ҳ棬ϸһǷ纮ӲǽղŷģӦհɣôƣգҪ˵βɣ
ҩ˭ȥһˣҩ˺ȣһΣͼպơ
˹ذҽͻȥ׻θȥҩ
ҩûҩιȥһж׵ˣĹַ
׽İ¬ɣԪȥ˯Ȼٻ׻Ѿ˯̾˿һӣȻŨ裬ŬԼѳѣʱʱؿ

ѹʱȻЩࡣ
һ۾׽߾Ϳˣˣ
ȻĶͷϲˡ
յ飬¬˵ŻȻԪ䲻д¬һֱչ
¬أʡ
׽¬ڸУҲ𴲣ڳ
鷳ǡ
׽æ˵鷳鷳Ҫ¬Ԫչ˴ˣҸ׽ջĺ                        
лҪ˵ǸܰĹ¡

 54 £׽棩

СʳҪһǲ͵, Ҫڿ졣˯ҲӰ¬ɣԪؾˣ˵ط, ˶˯, Ծ
ϴ¬ɣȥ࣬ټ弸춹ڵĴԲЩ緹ӦѾ㹻ûзӳʱ˿ˡ
ˣ˳ֵ飬һ˳־Ե˿⡣
Ԫһ߰æ, һСֹǱ˼Է, ô, 鷳, հǲ٣ЩҲûϵ
¬ɣ͵صͷôһ¡
ѵĹϵ, ʵչҲûʲôֻһ˿, ܼ򵥵һˣַӾˡ
˿ȥӭӹӣ
¬ɣõ𣿡
öˣлյչˡ
л, ǴҶ㡣¬ɣæ˵
ЦЦеӣҲҪлл㡣
¬ɣȿҴŲ˶Ҿ˳־ˡԲˣҽ˵Ҫ嵭ģһˣ㻹ǰĺɡ
˿۸Ǳڸġ
ڷϣֻܺŰ࣬ŴҳԼԴԲ˿⡣
׻γԵر㣬Ա֮İԵøӹѵ
ԪЦ͵͵ʣ˰ɣ
¬ɣ˵ҲǣûУʵǰҲýˡ
һԳԵĶ
Թ緹¬ɣؼˣסԪһһӡԪŻ˻ΣЦ˸ʲô
ѹǮġ
ѹǮǾǺ
û˷ӦѾƮƮȻԶˡ
Ԫ򿪴һոµԪе˺ô󷽣ʮӵѹǮ
¬ɣԼһƣ£ԪתתѹǮ϶ҵĲһ
¬ɣѽԼ
Ԫ𿪣Ưһֻΰ
ͨ͸ͷССļ򻨣¡
Ԫ۾˵㣬Ҿ˶ġ
¬ɣһξԪòᱻڵ˰ɣ
Ԫ֣Ц϶ѽ
˻صʳ꣬ʳЪҵߣ֮ǰһֱæææէȻһʱ֮仹治֪ʲô
ַھӻҪŽģԪӧȥھǰ꣬Լĸǹ֮ģһ߶ˣ֮˼񣬾ôæ硣
¬ɣ˿򷿵飬Ԫһȥ֮ǰǸ͡
ϸ֮ģǸЦüۣ¬ӿˣ
һ߶о֮иҼëƤС¶¬¥һǺˡһڣŮ֮ʳ꣬Ǹˡ
󣬴һǮûǮߣҪðһѡ¬Ԫϵ·Ӻ˿ģֵƤҲǺöǵöʮ򵽰ɣ
Ц¬Ӻñ£һ˭㣬һѺ֡
¬ɣЦҲ˴ҵĸˣҽһ׮Ҫ㣬¥ֿûҪӣ˵ӱϾԼĺãǮܴչҧҧ
ʵһ¥ֵӿɲˣʹλ΢㣬С㣬Ҳ𲽡¬ȷʵǱװͷ˼ʵʵǮˡ
òĹǮһ˵죬˶֪¬ͬ˹ϵǳ˭ҲҴ⡣
ʶＵʵúܣȴǺúð¬ɣάһһİӿġ
¬ɣʣķûдӣҲһʣϾ졣
ŴӲִͬȻǵķȷʵȱĵطһЩڱֵûñȵģ绻ӻ㡣¬ɣþͰæʡ
ڴӦ
¬ʳһҲұһҵ̣Ҳţûпţſţϰʰ
¬ɣԪʱյģѷֽԪֵȥʱǹŵģڿˣҲӣӹⲻǻ𣿡
ϰҲˣ˸кλã
¬ɣ΢ЦҲã¡
ϰüǰ¥¿һҵӣĵĺܣҶȥңӷ˹ˣŲȥˡ
ԵģÿҪٷÿҪǱӸЩҿ϶ʧܶ⡣
ϰҲͨˣ⼸Ǯð˼ĶأһϼֵȥźһҲͦõġ
¬ɣһӿԼҵģҪȥ
ϰЦҸһµģȷʵдȥ
¬ɣ˵ӵ뷨Ȼ
ϰ򵥵һϰ嵹Ҳˬ죬ӱȽСм߰¬ɣͷȡƱϰ˷
򷿵ٶȷǳ֮죬߰Ӿûˡ
ԪֱĿɿڴҲ̫˰ɣ
¬ɣЦ׼˾Ҫ֡ȻСǼסӣΪһ䣬㹻ˡ
Ԫ£һӻ߰ȥʣµӲ򰡡
¬ɣģֲھҪ򡣡
÷ڸϢķʽӣ취ܱѶࡣʹӣֻеӣҲûϵطСר㡣
¬ɣ˵ԪԪʹͷУҶġ
¬ɣûʳȫһ뷨ֻҪúþӪСʳ꣬Ʒ
ٴ󣬾̫ˡ
Ǽľ¥Ǯׯ涼гأ˵¥Ĵϰĳλ׹ݡ
¬ɣֻƽƽС
ƫƫ˲̫ô
գʳһλ֮͡
һֻǳͣſڣеһλ³
Ѿڹߡ
ԪͷһοôɵķˣסˣŴ˵ˣЪҵõ˲ſʼӪҵ
ǷһӣߵӴյ˵˾仰˵üͷ΢΢ͷ
ӿˣҼҷ˵ķˣ˳·˵أ¬𣿡
ԪæҡҡͷҲǣҽȥ
˵ܣ㣬и˹ˣ
СУǷ˵üͷԽˡ
ɷˣǲ
ͻȻˣ
¬ɣǰżпģӸҹˣȻ󸻹ӵ̸е顣
ţʲôЦеڴ˵»˵ʲô
ӣ뿪Ҷӡ
ӿɱԪҶö࣬򼸸ȸߵС˹ƶ㹻ˡ
ҪӻӣǱӦ
¬ɣеĻС糡ԼЦˡ
Ԫż߲ƣҿǸɷ˲Ǻദˡ
֮ǰ˼Ҳ˵ƢСĻ
¬ɣ֣û¶
˳ȥ˽¡
´¬ɣ¬ɣһҲһ
ò˵òü۸˷ǳֻӲЩ
ʮǱòһ˿׸⡣Ȼ̫ݵĺ沿֬٣´ԵЩ̱ദӡ
Ԫ˲Ȼ¬ɣվס
ߣҪ˸һ۸ϱһҪ㣬Ԫ롣
¬ɣϾˣȿˣ˹ʲô𣿡
һڲ裬Ҳûʲô£ǹ㡣
ãſϱɳûʲô˵ġ
˼ǰ¬ɣ˵ĶĺûƯҲһĵǸù
ΪһʼͶ¬ɣӡ󲻺á
˲ȥúܡ
ȣλ¬Ǳ˰˰Ϸ˸˼檣棬û檣ȥоʳ꣬ôҡһ䣬Ҫҷˡ
檱ޣס
˾ûĻŮӣ
¬ɣĿе㲻ƣŮĶӡ
¹˻ϵۣҲˣűϱ˵ǲġ
˱ϾǸ˾ٶĲĻ˵ĺܺ
ĻҲˣĸ׵ģ͹СᣬЩؿܻҪ۲СҪȱʲôҲֱӸ˵һˣ
¬ɣ΢ЦллˣʱûʲôҪæĵط
ģǼٺ⣬¬ɣԤ
ϻԼ赭ģ¬ɣŲЩ鹷ѪеŮһӲȵغͺأⲻ׸Լһź
ɻˣӡ
¬ɣЦŽӹͷҲüȥϾһӪ֧ҵġ
ûЩŲŲӵĻ˵Ͼ˵Լվסţ˰ֵ÷з֮ɽ飬һ׮׮飬ǸŮŮµĸ˿϶ġ
˸ĸӹϵ䵭¬ɣǸý¬޸ĸӹϵǻǰĺˣķҪڸʼջһҪ취ġ
뵽ˣԼЦһĸһ
ѵãǸ־ĹȢ㣬Һܷġ
ˡ
Ҫϱſˣǻøˣ¬ɣȴоĪδĵ̫˰ɣ
˽˵˵ʳҪ˲Ӫҵ𣿡
¬ɣǵġ
˵̫ˡѽͬһɸסգ޸ͬŷǵ߶ʣдЩҪ֪һЩЩҲЩ飬ÿԽ̽㣬ʡպæҡ˼ҲأȥǱСסÿ顣
ģ΢
¬ɣѣ˱żЩ˵λʵ̫ˡ
Ųԣʵлҹ޸ӣһʱˣìܻᱩ¶˵ȻȻˣδһˣʹԣöӲ淴ˡ
¬ɣСˣίܾ⼸ҪҸס
ƾô˵ǲɿڡ
ҲˣǾˡ
ŮӲĻǸʮˡ
ʾãǱŮʹӦˣƫƫ¬ɣôǲɿڡ
Ź˵ˣѾһȺˣһƵ뿪
ԪƵ㣬ҿͦõġ
¬ɣ飬ûϵҪ¡
´μʱ¬ɣ飬һһʮ˵ˡ
Ǹˣͦãǣպȥ㣬Ԫң
С
Ҫľ仰
˵˺ãվſڻߣڽͷȻͳһŵӵݸ¬ɣ
ʲô
Ƹӡ
¬ɣչһϡΡΡ廨ţͰÿǰ涼Ͷ֡
ֻ꣬˵ϻʵͦ󷽵ģƸܷ
Ѿˣȿ˰ᵽߡ
¬ɣɷҪô鷳ȥģ׻Ҫȥġ
Ųܣϵ˼Ҫ÷⣬ȳ׻͵Ķ                        
лҪ˵׽棬

 55 £׽棩

ǰЩӾӰ, ¬ɣ뵱ȻΪһ͵ıٵֵСʳһӪҵ롣
Ȼ͵Ļʵ۵ĳţƷʵʼֵǴҪ, Ҳ˵ʱ͸ëǱ
ΪҪء
ʵ۶Ļ, ò¬ɣ裬һθȷϣϽ飬ʵϲģ𣿡
ЩţЩ£ûԼĻһʵ϶ϹϵʱûʲôȨʵ, ɲ¬ɣ¡
, һ, Ҷ, ˾ͺá
ģ
ᶨǧȷ˼ˡ
һ, ת¬ɣע˵Ҫӣ
¬ɣɻ󣺡˭˵ģ
Ԫûиἰ, Ҳ͸˵˼䡣
̯֣ðɣʵмһֱҪ㡣
ֵݸ¬ɣһ񵥣ϷǻΪ׼ƸԼ׼
¬ɣӹ˵ʵ۵Ƿ, ʵΪ漰ճķ棬׼һȫʵ֮ϵĴܡ
塢塢籵ȵ廨ŵĽ岼ƥɽˮ磬βΣֻһЩö
¬ɣֻ˼ۣ;ùޱȣҪ̫ˣҲҪ
Цôģ˵Ҫ죬ӵģҪ⣬Ǿ¡Щ㲻Ҫ︺ҲʣЩˣ֮޹Щһ͹ֻ߸ѣóÿЩ
аɡ
ԪԴӸ¬ɣѧ֣Ҳϵò٣һϸһ㣬㿴
ָһСв۵ָ¬ɣ¥ĳĳһš
ⲻ¬ʳĵ
¬ɣˣԣԭİɡ
ǣ㲻Ҫᣬ˵̣ҪȥģʣҶǰмġ
¬ɣ죬ʵζӳ¡
¥ӣ͵ʱȷϵ˵ûУǹûվ˵ÿճһ
ʱֻŸˣûж룬ڷִӰӡ
ȷʵʵذΪ˹ȫӣñ˳̡
¬ɣ̾˿лл㡣
֮ͣʲô¡
ĶԲҪݵһҪ£ŮӺܲףи֮
¬ɣҰмۡ
ֹøҽǮ飬ʵŶԡϡ̫ʦЩˣΪңһҲͬǴ򽻵ţҲܰġ
չϡ
һ£ˣ´ٿ㡣
¬ɣȻŵﲻ֪ʲô
ԪӦ㣬ӦѽڽѾͿˡ
˿ָ˵ʵǸϸĵˣеľӡ㣬ϷϷо仰޼۱ѵɡ
ͳż˼ӣ͸Ҷеľӣ¬ɣʵ
Ԫָ㣬ڨЦ˵Ҳǣȷʵû˾ǲ޸ĸ޹ȥֱӵź̹áϣܺúðסԼҸ
Ǻܺãǰ飬¬ɣƽɱ飬һ㶼Ԫһ˳ȻСҼģЩŮ֮£Ȱʳ˵
£ԪԶԣȻӶǵˣôͨΪһݣ¹滮Ҫ߽ľ
ôҪϽѾˣ˵Ҫ꣬ŵҲƾܣʵӹǮ׷״Ӧվ͹æ
ʵ󣬴ͨǽڣԭ¹滮ԼĪһӣʣˣ¬ɣԪͳһĹΡҪǿ˶ֱ࣬ƴһǴȻٸһС䣬רġˮ
ذҲ˸Ľ¬ɣ±Ǯˮĥש࣬Ҳɨǳ죬ߵ᷿Ҳӳ
ԭ˵ǹ˳߾ӪҵôһֱʮûŪꡣſһŸʾԪڹʮʼӪҵ
ϣڸʮ깤¬ɣԪʱ䣬ɨپðƷ
˵ʳſϻ裬ϻݲݣǽϹϼֻȻЩֻƷ¬ɣֻԵġ
ʵ˵ЩǺö꣬ǾǼмֵĹż
ӣ׼ֵÿնæȥֵҲæչʮ֮졣
¬ɣŻȻһµʳ꣬һֳɾ͸С
׻Цϰô죬ʲôûУ
ԪͦҪģ
׻γķ裬Цϰֲ㡣Ԫˣϰ³һٴǰɣ
¬ɣûʲô⣬иɻ󣬡ǵЩ¥ʵζ治˵Щ˺ܱȲġ
׻æ˵иζ¬Ĳ˾£мҳζôԶԲ壬ǲǣ磿
׽ͷǡ
׻Ҳúã𣿡
ڴùŵһװ˵ͦõġ
׻εµ˶˵á¬⻹յʱ䣬㹻һ齴ɣ
齴ղˣѹ¬ɣҲֻһأͱ׻μסˣ֪߶˶ٻء
Уû⡣
ʲô¬ɣʡ
רĿŻ·ʲô黭һ
ʵЩǺܱˣ¬ɣԪʱзһ黭һˮͼЩƻѴѼ棬ʮ¿ɰ
¬ɣд󷢣⸱ͬʱֶ˼е涨߲ͼײ˲˾²ˮͼϺзܣоɫƯˣ˻ͼУЩ˿ʹΡ
תͷ¬ɣ˵Ȥ
ȻȤһڲͬ¬ɣԼ۹⡣
һ飬ʲôȻͰԼ뷨ˡ
ԡ
¬ɣҪ²һ䣬棬˿ⶼԡ
ʵĻѰ¬ɣԵ˿⣬ֻεĻӡ
ǻǵ糿Ű࿴˿ⱥ۸顣
¬ɣúЦУ֤˿⡣ȫܲܳ԰
Ȼȫˡ
ƺţ˵ҽ֤
úãš¬ɣǾòҪˡ
ͭ¯붬䣬¬ɣԻˣ֡׼ֻͭ¯һֻ嵭һֻǺţͣϻȵȰĹס
ţԺﶳʱýгɱƬײ˲ȵҲǱزٵġ¬ɣƬ⣬ϺӱҲ׼˲٣ʳԵֱ½ͳɡ
Ȼ׻ҲҪ齴ǰһãԪϹ˿Ǽ򵥡
֮Ԫǰһվͽ׼Ĳˡ
Ԫ飺ԪգûͨﵩϺĶ࣬вУ
û⡣
¬ɣҲд⣬Ҫһԭ֭ԭζԪڡ
ǰ˵ʲôɽƻᡢˣһҪ۽硣
Ƕԡ·תһҹ衣ԪϦѽĽѾá
ʮգչ磬СͻȻһˡ
ϴμ¬ɣѾþûˣСͻȻãҶһ
С㿴ŻȻһµ¬ʳ꣬̾㣬ֱзǰǸõĵӣôһŶҲ㶼ˣ
ǸԲԣÿѽ⸱зϺڴܣҾзһӮģӶӲ
С㻹С㣬һͿʼߴߴ˵ͣ
ǰЩ˹˼Ѳ뵽ǲеϵ
˼ǻӣԸ棬⼸ûй¬ɣžǼ˲ͬ⣬ͻȻʮа˾Ǿ˵ͬ⡣
¬ɣ裬С㣬ȱɣ˵ô໰첻ӿʰ
Сֵؿһۣ㻹ӣǴȤң
Ҳӡ¬ɣһ䣬żɽʵչٺᣬкιɣ
СŲ豭̫Ȼ˵Ҳûʲô飬ⲻǹôѽ֣ϲơ
¬ɣллҲ֡
С㱧Թҹһ㶼֣Ű꣬Щʲôһ˿һܳ˵ľͷһģԷҲԲҶԣñ˵
֣䰡¬㣬Ԫǲ𣿡
˶µģһֱڻȻ䣬˼úܣ˻Ʋȥ˵
ԪЦȥԪ˾ůˡ
Сһɣֳһë̺ϣȻϵɫ
¬㣬ʵǴ
յԼָǰҾҳšΪ½ңҹ
¬ɣʣʲô£
Ԫڰ˵˵Ҫһ˳һԲȥ磬˺üΣǲϹ¬˵˵˵磬һȥԲ
ҲŲôҵһңǼң˵Ļʥּãû˸ҲҲֻùˣԲ𡣡
Сͷָܲ˼ӡ
ﻹ̹ף¬ɣҲԼ̬ȻҪҲȥҳԲҲȰȥ
СƵ֪ˣҾô˵һˣˡԼ飬ѽ˵ᣬǸ˹ϵᰡ޸壬ǾˣͲһˣһԲ
С²ۣ¬ɣ̲סЦԶԣôô˵
ҲңҪǵǵôҲɣ˵ҵĻ»Ҫǣš
ûȷ𣿡
ûѽ˵Ҫ࿴ңûȷǽ㣬Ҫɻ˰ɣ̫ˣ
¬ɣǺǺǡ
˶˵ײܲǰǲ̫ţˡС˵
Ϊʲô
˰¬㻹޸ˣ
¬ɣ
氮Ҳö˵ʲôףģֻ·̫Ը⣬ֹܲű磬һСӣװµӡ
ԪԪСû˵ˣͷʳԵòֺһ룬ְԪʢһ롣
̾һůģ
ȻˣѪԵϱϾĸӣ¬ɣ޸֮ٲҪӴС̽̽Ϣ
ʵ˿Ů
СкӣõܡõܽʮˣСõܽꡣ
Ŷӡ
ǸƵģõܻãСõ̫ƤѼŪüɹģǿͶߡ                        
лҪ˵·תһҹ衣

 56 (׽)

ǰ, ͬˮ𣬼˺򣬷޶, , ֪˻ƫķ
¬ɣʶôûʲôʱĹ׼ֵҲֻҡͷЦ̾ûиĸԵ֡ĸӹϵô䵭һԭ򣬵ԭҲٲ˵ġ
ƺ˼ӼֱǴڸб¬ɣһ, ˼, , ǳس, ûʹʲô
˼ҡҡͷûʲô˽칬ʹ, ȹĹ͵Ҽʱ඼Ѿ, һġǼٳԣҲ̫ԣҵ˰඼ȹˡ
һϻϲĳʹ׻ἰϸ˺ãɴ˿ɼ, ƺǻϵĳŵĳӡ
ҲΪ˽ɣ¬ɣ룬һθԼǧҪκϽȥ
СԱ㣬ĳظ붯
ԪʣС㣬˲ûаãѵȥ󻹵㰡
С˵ңҾˣһЩȥɡ
վȹʩ񣬡߶λˣ͸ǡ
뿪Ȼһ飬ͳһöСɵӣ˫ַ¬ɣ¬㣬̴ľӣͷͨˣܰĦͷƤ͸ױ񡣡
¬ɣգգ۾˵´ǼˣҸúɩˡ
˵꣬Ȼȥ
Ԫĥʱ濴С㣬˵ɵʱƫƫֺݴ˵ɣʱԵɵɵģ֡
¬ɣ̴ľӣڵǴޣɶס˵ɸϵǧС㣬ʵҲǼ£ֵֻ˻ģ֪Ǹˡ
˿֮ǰҲٳ˼Ļ£˼ȷʵϲǰ£̾ͻͷǰҲûǸĴˡ

ձԪڡ
ϻû𴲾ֵ֮ǰ첻֪Ҫֶ١
Ԫ𴲣·ûϴÿ濴ѽһܵ¬ɣϽ𴲡
ϺְһȺСڷСڣһˣôͿʼݰϷ𣿡
¬ɣЦ㼱ģûô죬ֵʱҹ˵ƶź档
ԪæǰǰԿɽƣ¥ֿǴ֣ʱһȫϸʽĵ϶ƯˣȥǼҵĵھͰϡ
û£˾ͿӰˡ
¬ɣЦҡҡͷϴ硣
գȻнյװ硣
ѩƽơֶ꣬ýֽݳ״ɴͷϡ¬ɣ˲٣кģ۷ģѵģҲкü֡
Լ˼ֺԪͷϡ
ԪС˫ƺڲĳЩ˸е˵㣬Ŀ澫£ͷһشϽأǰûֽݳá
¬ɣĶ䣬ĵ㣬ԺǻҪõأ
ԣԪ².
ʱ׼ֵܹ
¬ʳſһȣڽſǰһˣ֪ˣ˼Ԫ߳ˣ
˽ݣ׻ʹӣȻЦǺǵԪԪ㣬¬ʲôóԵģź㰡
ıӱҼҺڽıӻ飬ԪЦŹά
׻ҡҡͷСѾͷ˵ǲ
ԪߣңɾͳԲ齴ˣ
ǣ׻æֺ֡
׽̾϶ɵӣֻ֪˼Сﶷ죡
ζ˵϶Ŷ壬ɲֹǸԪ졣
˵㵽Ϊֹ׻˰䣬ͷʵ磬˵ʲô
˵ëΡ׽˵
׻ЦҲǰʳ
׽
ˡû֮ʲôһ
ͭ¯Ѿȼ̿ˣطһӣоǸ齴˿֮Ҳӡ
¬ɣ׼˽𻪾ǳѾơ׻˾ƺȻ¬ɣ˵ϰˣһ㡣
¬ɣ֮Ʊϣ
Ȼ˶һһۣʵ㻹𣿡
¬ɣû°ǳֻ⡣
׻ЦǴ˾¬ҾҪǺȲˣôҲһġ
׽ֵܵļصһ£ûͿʼˣ
׻̲ٷˡ
ҺȾƳԲˣ¬ɣ˿ǰŲ̧̧°ͣɣˡ
ǣл
ԻҪľ֣¶ǣ׻λֶҺиԪϲܣոˡ
յθƺܺãӰǰ˿⣬ʱĲ̺ˣ¬ɣ©׸һЩˣ߲ܣԵĸɸɾ
ѧ˵ˣָ˵ԣ¬ɣ̺ú͵Ȼ㣬˼¿ӣ֪ڡ
¬ɣ̾˿С¸ɾȻƸ԰ɡ
ЦЦһҲسԹˡ
ڶ׻οĶԪ˵㿴Ǵ㣬Ƿ򳪸棬õһ԰Ժ϶
ԪһۣͷǷ׻׷ʣô˵ˣǲĽ㣿
Ԫû㻰࣬԰ɡҪȥеġ
ȥкðһȥɡ
Ԫһۣ˭ҲһȥҸҽȥ
ǲУ׻˵㲻ܸȥ¬ǴȥУȥʲôְ
ԪֱҪ׻ˣϸ˵ˡ
ԹʰһɫѾˣ¬ʳֻأһֵĵ·ϵҲˣпʼˡ
¬ɣԪ˰籰£׼ŹС
׼ֵܸź棬¬ɣΪ˳·ؼңʶûжʣԪ֣ʡ
ĺʰһյһյĵƣһƺƵĴҪÿࡣˣˮ¬ɣĹۿŮӶ࣬ǵģǣ֣ж˵黰
ǶԴҲǿһЦ
ԪϦͷԼƻ˶飬˶ʶ
ɽƣ߸ߵĵʮ׸ߣǳ׳ۡ
˵ÿʱҲɽƣҪߵö࣬ϲҿһȥ
¬ɣǸСϰգȻԹɽƺ棬ǲԸģݣǲǼ˾Ҫ¹ҪǲСĵȨƵˣԴɻסˣɽѾϲˡ
ܾȻعףôڣ
һһȵԪѽڣôѵãҵȻҪ䡣
Ԫأ
ղſ̫һʱû⵽Ԫ׼ֵ֪ܶȥֻ¬ɣˡ
׻θأղ̫ˣӦǱȥˡ
ȥ¬ɣŤͷߡ
סֱۣЦ㻹
¬ɣʲô
׻ԪദͦģҴС׻һ𳤴Ʒܱ֤¬С㣬ҪƻǵԵЦ
¬ɣϵٿ̲ס˽ղеýˣ
ܴٳһ׮ԵҲм¡
˻Դ¬ɣȰԼԵ˵ɡ
ס֣һ˫ÿüﶼ̺Ц⣬ҵԵǰ
¬ɣһ˵𣿱ˣǰ˵ء
֣ĴԼͣ¬ɣסˣ
˵˻
¬ɣ֣ôʲôʲôˣǰǱ˶һƽ˵Ļ
㻹𣿡ʡ
Цٰ
¬ɣתԹǰߣһûӭˣʨӵײһʱס
û°ɣཡ
û¡
˳ǣס֣˶࣬ߡ
ĸů¬ɣѣӽסЧҲȥˡ
һ·кģиˣ۵ĺһŰϣ쳤һȣŰȷʵ֧һĸӣ˸СͯһڸӾôŵĺӻȻشŵӣ̫ˡ
¬ɣսϸ۲죬ǿ̫ףôŪģΪʲôϸ˲
ʵһƽ⣬ˣȻͳˡ
̨һӣ̨ʮ깦⺺ӸСͯϵ޷죬Ҳ֪˽»˶ʱȥ
¬ɣǮӷǰͬʱƣѧ˴кá
滹ȦģģϷģﲻһһϸ˵ÿһرÿִӼ˵Ҳʲô¬ɣĵİƶˣɰǮɢˡ
ʱĹҹˣҲɢȥС⽵ĵŵӾ¬ɣͻȻöˣ⽡
סǵɣҪ⽣ɵһϡµӣ¯Ӱ⽣ڵˮŻؼҵ˷׷ͣפҲҪԣһʱ֮䣬ﾹȻΧ˲ˡ
ЦǺǵ⣬¬ɣȥɰǮֻͳͭղɢ̫ͯģڲ֪ȫˡ
Цſһ£ˣ
ˡĳƺνһ˫أȿԴеλˣָ˼¬ɣ٩ȻͷҿǮ̯󣬾Ͳˡ
ڵƹӳ£Եǵĺɫ
ⲻǺ˰ɣ
еĲ˾
˳⽣¬ɣҲˣȥ
ȥ·ϣ¬ɣʱʱصͷƺʲô
ʲô
ҽӡ

ɱţԪô˳˼ˣ˵ͷΰʲôģҾͿܲʰ㱦¬ɣЦ
ǰĳڹŴķϿģصἰԪں󣬡Ѱ顣
뿴Լû
ѰһöССĻ䣬һƬ𲭴ɣ÷ͼٵǰ񵽱ˣ
Цǣ񵽱ˣһѰ
˾ôһ·Ѱһ·ؼңȻ֮ûôõˣûĶ¬ɣѾ֪
صʳ꣬Ԫû¬ɣһˡ
ԼĪһӣڽ¬ɣҲԪˣ׻һġ
Ԫż¬ɣ˹㣬Һû㣬Ǹһ𣿡
¬ɣͷû£һֱһ𡣡
ԪŷģʼǲͣˣλȥϢɣǾͲˡ
¬ɣݣϴţ˵㣬׻ǸˣģģԺҲŸʧɢˣߺߣ˵ôôࡣ
¬ɣ˵ĻЦʵÿô
Ԫе㵣Ľ㣬ͦ˵ġ׻Ȼĺܣ˻Ǻ˼ģµգӮյ
¬ɣ׼ҸʱרԪճһ׮ԵҲǺ¡
ֻǣûճԪԵģԼĻ¾Ͷġ
ϻʵӣļգ³壬˼Ȣ                        
лҪ˵ע⣺еıǹŴһַסҪǷڷᣬʰʧǲܹΪеģܻᴥ̷ϵռ
̫ˣ׽档

 57 

³, йġ
Ԫָӣͳˣʲôû׼
¬ɣ׼ʲô
ԪźԺݵĶ, ԼҲЦ, ȷʵ̷Ķ϶ʹˣȷʵҪ׼ʲôֻǽҪ㶫ɣȻûйСС֮ģǿһġ
¬ɣָŴͷϹŵǼ£ģ㻹ҸѣûգҲû򡣡
Ϯԭļ, ԭļ, Ϥܻ, ԭСʧĸ, ٳּչ˸ףټ϶, ûеŮļܣ¬ɣҲץϹ
֮ǰΪװ޵, СʳֱʮſţڻٲҪЩʱգӰǮҵ¬ɣﷳúܡ
оǣСʳӭ, ̫ۣ̫ҡˣҪҪջȻӿջţ֪ϰ᲻Ӧ
뷨һ˵ֱЦ޲ãѾ뵽ˡ
¬ɣţתһСӣָһǰһǮӵɻǰһգʱš
סӲԶͬҲڱשԺǽص¬ɣʣҲķ𣿡
ȻȱľǾǵķӡ
ҡҡͷԭҵģ׽˹ȥ׼ֵܵӣǳɻֵܻᵽס
¬ɣæڰֵ֣סĺúõģΪǰסǸҲᾭסģԼӡ
һ˫ֺʮƣɣڹﵱҪҵСѽ
¬ɣĪʲô˼
һɻʹ޲ͣӵϢ֪кܶˣÿԱ˷Ҫһߣ׻ε֪ģܺܶ鶼ְɡ
˵ĺ¬ɣȴҲˡ
¹˵ġϣԼԼ׼ֵܣôסһ𣬳ᱻ֡
ֵСˣҲðȥȢϱúùˡ
ԭҿô̷պɻסʮ¬ɣ˵ʲôͬ⣬ԪķҲ׼ˣʵûʲô޵ġ
ֻǣԼסø¬ɣܲ˼ס᷿ˡ
ЦһˣȲùҾϸסﶼУί㡣
¬ɣаɡ
ôһԽԽʽĸоˡ
¬ɣԼʼһֽǰ־֢ĶΪԼٺ˼룬Ѿʳϡ
ʳ꾭װޣߵࡣ
ڷλһרˮɫšپ̲ȵȡ
¬ɣԪŬ̲ƷѾвˣԧ졢ǡ춹ȵȸʽ̲趼С
һʳΪԾԸǷʲ̲Ϊ
¬ɣԪһӣæ¬ɣԪһϼƣԸɴӶˣһЩÿ˸Ե顣
żҲ¬ʳ÷֪¬ɣӶ˺ظ˵һ˹
ڹӶˣѡּھǣмҵĸˣչƼȴһʮС椣ú׳ʵ
ָŴ˵Ѿͷǿģ磬ܵܣƫƫҪҪȢϱʹȥȢϱ¬ֽ䣬ɻڿ죬㿴ô
椽˫֣һ˫۾ο¬ɣ˵¬ʲôҰɡ
֮ǰ¬ǸбµˣһŮ˿ʳ÷ˮ𡣴Ը¬ӣÿɻ£ܱɽҤǿ
ˣ¬ɣû뵽һֱǹӶ˸ɻ֣˵Ʒܾﲻ
ܾԪӣ㣬˴椰ɡ
һѣǼӣŮԪС֪٣ͷŮֵǮӻ·ͿʼɻԵ٣ƣŮӡ
Ԫˣóڼ椣ҪǴŴȥ֪Ժ椻䵽ʲôҵĵز
ˣ¬ɣ̾˿аɣ
µĴ꣬СֻܾȱȫԼ
ǰչϹأиڣһ£һڣҪǲҵҪ󣬱˳ȥһҵĹǮһῪ
Ц˵Ȼ˵ֻˣ²̫ðɣ¬˴椣ãֱתȥˡ
˵赭˵ײһ
¬ɣ֣˵õһ£ǲͬǾˡ
۰Ͱţ椵Ҳǹݣƽһˣʳָ۴Ŵ椵Դҧɣ椣ɵø㡣
ǣ椱¬ɣһλɩӡ
չˣڴԪŸ̲裬ɩǷ椹ʲ̲ˣϴɨ¬ɣԼǲﻮ
¬ɣԴ椹Ŀ࿴Ȼڿ촾ӣлÿԼĻˣҲ˴֡
ɩ¬ɣӶʱҪǻɩǰڸ˼˵ղ
Ҹôһˡ
Ӿôһȥˣ¬ɣǮ֮УҪã㶼ԼҪ˵顣
¬ʳ꿪֮ƳһֻԱԱۿۣضʱֵֵܳӵŻݣò࣬¬ʳԽԽӣˡ
¬ɣڸ˰ԱóһŻԱݸ¬ɣϰ
¬ɣõĿƬˣĿƬ˲飬ͷȻʮӣһԴӰſžûôðɡ
ԪҲˣæ߹кˣѽȥԺɡ
¬ɣſƬЦЦȵȣԪ˽Ҫأʴ˳Եʲô
¬ʳĸǷͨϰյģؽΪϲ嵭еĲ˿Ӳ֪ѡʲôȻ㶵¬ɣ
һãȻ޹ӡ
ԪĴٳˣ¬ɣ˵㣬ҲԲ߰Ұ㿴ȥдˡ
ôδء
¬ɣûκΣüһ˿棬ԸɰԼģ˸˹ȥ԰ɡ
һӣܿͰһ꣬ȸɾˡ
ȻͿʼ¬ɣյг̣Ҫϻʵ۳Ѳһ˺ӱȥ̫ͻȻԸ¬ɣ˵
¬ɣĵûϵСѾˡ
ҪҾӦõ˵һϾǻҪɻˡ


 58 

죿
ô죡¬ɣһ
е, 򶨵òУ, ׼ҶѾ׼ˡ
¬ɣ˿, ʣûҪ׼ģ
ҡҡͷ̶ֵͷУֻҪ׼һ
ʲô
㡣¬ɣ۾Ц⣬ϾûԼ
¬ɣסˣ૵˾ȻῪЦ
ü𣿡
Լ˵Ц
¬ɣ˼˵Ȥ, Ǹû˼ˡ
ЦʵҲܱô, ֻ֪ôҵģ
Ŀ, ¬ɣֱ, æرĿ⣬Ҷɡ
׷ʡ
˿ǵ, ¬ɣû˼û֪ʲô, ʲôҿͦʺġ
ЩΣΪǿҵĻ
¬ɣҪˣѵ𣿡
˵Ҽá
Ǻǣ¬ɣõˣ˭ûá
˵ûֲҪǮ
⼸ơ
һ, ɩ֪λ¬δ
ɩпѣ¬Ǻôһλſδ򣬵ȳ˾Ϳ԰̣ͷ¶ˡ
ԪĻ̷պҽ׺վǹʳ꣬˵Ļˣ
ɩǴͳŮˣСʵ¬ļױԻܣ
ôҲɡ
Ϊȹ̰ģ¬ɣеԱټᣬ˼Ǻúøɣ⣬ʳãڻǮķϣ⻹но׵һ˿һҲӰСʳꡣ
ֻɻգʳЪҵһգʱӪҵ¬ɣԼûй򣬾Ԫȶš
ʵ޵飬¬Ǳ¬ɣҳޣ¬ɣǹǾܾˡ
ҢĹ٣ǲҪʲôǣźá¬ɣԸ¬ΪѣԾҵĹϵ
¬˽¸ױҲԼ¬ɣױ¬ɣѾˡ
׵ǰһգæʳ飬ֱϣ¬ɣôڽӣԪȥ˱׼ֵܵլӡ
ϴֻ濴һլӣס棬¬ɣлúôĺʽլӣ¥᷿һӦȫ쾮ﻹһССĽͤӣͤǰһڴף˯
һլӣλüѣʳǣǳǶǼģȡլԺдУ·
Ԫһòݶһ˵㣬ǽŬǮȡôһլӡ
¬ɣҪլӣǻҪׯ 
еģ¬ɣ
լûп׻Ը˷
¬ɣһǷضı־֪¥Ĳˡ
Ԫؽӹͷóһ׷
Ʒḻ׷Ǻ쾬ףž㡣¬ɣÿӣ㣬ǳ԰ɡ
¬ɣ׻Σ𣿡
׻ЦҳˣǴҲˡ
ԪһۣûҴˣ
׻εҲû죬ֻǵǸëСѾͷ
Ȼֶ¬ɣ˵¬ϰףɻǰһգδ򸾲ü棬صߣûҪ顣
¬ɣҡҡͷûʲô顣
УȳԷһȥˡ׻οͷǷԪ˵Ԫ㣬ҳ¡
Ԫķȥǿ¬ɣһۣŲ鲻Ը
һǰһߵſڣ׻ͻȻͷʵլӺòã
Ԫ㲻«ʲôҩҵͷͦõģҽ㻹һլӡѽȥɣһҪԷء
ֱϽȥ׻̾ҡҡͷˡ
Ԫ¬ɣʣ˵ʲôˣ
ԪӼһӳ˿û˵ʲôϲϲ
¬ɣŶһ˵ʲô
˳Ȼķչ˾ͲҪκʲôˡ
ɻ飬϶Ҫһ죬ԽҪ˯þ
¬ɣڴϣȥôҲ˯š
Ժиֳһ飬ʱһ꣬תתû뵽
ȥʱǼľӶңÿ絽ɻԲĹŮôϰ
֮ܶǰ֮·ߵû˳
ǣһת۵㡣
ʱƺѾϲٹϵ¬ƷԭḸף¬ɣһ·Ҳٲ¬ɣߵһɱһ֡
¬ɣԼĹϵ㲻塣
˯ţЩڿʣһˮȣԪڸһ㣬ˣ
ţȵˮҪ𣿡
Ҳʣ˯ɡԪŨŨ⡣
¬ɣһЦĽԪ˯ŵӡԪĸȾٴûã˳˯֮С
գţһ¬ɣͷ磬һڳɻ֮ʱӸô졣
˶ġ
¬ɣڶǹ¼ҹһûôҪҲݼɶġ
ԣͷǰװڰԹ緹С˯һȻ󲻻Ųæԡ¡
֮ͷӸ¬ɣϷĴ£Ȼͷһͷһ湧ά˸ˡ
øᣬѾƷλã޹ȥֱӾ˵ھ˻ûϵĿأ˵ｫлϺ͹أ
ǧ
Щˣ¬ɣһմϡ
ֻܰ·ߣʵڲ;任ҷ·ϡ
һߣմˮ֪ôŪģ¬ɣôһһɴʹϮ
¬ɣץסǸߣʣʲô
Ӱһӣǿõģܰϵëθɾͷһ鷢ҲŪˣƯӡ
˵Ҫ¬ɣ
¬ɣرܣˡ
ƯƯ֪ˣ
Ȱӳ޶
¬ɣΪ
ΣָԪȰԪЦϿǵģʡȥһ׮¶áҽﶼͿ㿪ʼױɣŪ˼ʱ
׼ױҪףüëҪڣҪ졣¬ɣȥˣȤζ룬˵Ȼ԰Ż
ʱ
Ԫȥ˳򣬻˵㣬ӭ׵ˡһƥɫݵġ
¬ɣֳչѵôķ˸λ϶ġ
Ӹ¬ɣϸͷɶҲˡ
¬ɣӵţ֮˾ǵԪұߣС˵˹ˡ
¬ɣֱһԴֲںʵĴǣסͷһۣӦɡ
Ͻӣ˾ǵһΣظ
𣬽η̧ŽӳţвٿֵˣС࣬ġ
Ԫó׼õͭǮһ·С׷
ҡҡλԼĪһӣ¬ɣôҲõˣլӶڱƽ·ʮӾܵôô
ƿһǣԪԪ
Ԫæߵߣʲô£㣿
¬ɣǰ󿴿ôûе
Ԫ̫ˣҸղ˵ҪתǱٻء
аɣ
һȦԶ·Ҳеʱ
·ͷأټҿ˶࣬ӵúܣ¬ɣġ
һָж¬ɣͬǣľżһ㰴˵衢ء
Ͼϵûڿ԰ݣһǳŻʹķ˰ݡ
հã̫ʥּˡ
ӾҪ㰸ּ˹ּ
̫ʥּ
Ϊ˺ء»֮ϲϻʵͦˣ֮ǰߣĴƷĽָ֪ͬĹλֻˣӦҲ¬ɣھˣ֮ʹͣһС
Ƿ׷׹ά
ӹʥּ¬ɣͱ·ˣԪ
¬ɣƵûţûˣ־ͽͷˣһ
ԪʱһˮһˣȻ̾
ǹŴִ
Ԫݵͷǰ˺öˣ˻ҪǺȾƣ֪Ҫֵ
ǰԺջϯ涼¥еģｻһƬԺ徻ࡣ
¬ɣӣ죬ԷһΣְһǰһһһ
ҵĻ¬ɣԪǳϤˡԪȥһˣˡ
ȳ԰ɡ
ڳԷʱСˡ
զһ¬ɣϣԪԪ㣬¬𣿡
¬ɣޱ飺ĸ
㣬ױݺѽϻŵСӵġС־Ц
¬ɣȲæЦҲôһ졣
С£ͣ˵ˣѾˣͬżҵĴӡǼһΣҶûʲôӡˣҲĸ֮ý֮ԣҵؾˣ˭ôѽ
ǵҲڣ㸸ĸܻΪѡһ˼ҡ
иĸ񷨵ƣ˼ôҲ̫ѹġ
Сһ߳Ը㣬ģǱҪҺñûҹһ¬㡣
û¬ɣȻ˿Ҫǰݸʱݹˣô൱ڳʽĸݣԺ˾Тָֻţ¬ɣԸ⿴ġ
¬㣬ӦýбɩˣСЦãǳˣԺ棬˾Ͳ˵ʲôˡ
Ԫһ죬С㣬Ҳżҵˣʱ𣿡
һ˵СԶףԶĳŮ죬絽òײܳһء¬ɣϵļ£ĽƯɩԼİɣ
¬ɣЦҿʳ⣬û£ڹ¥ġ
ҲȥС۾һżҹش˵ϱŮգҪȥ϶ͬ⡣
£Ȥܴʱ䡣
˼ҵСڼУ£ͦɱʱġ
ˣҴ˶㡣Сһһĺӵݸ
¬ɣӹһߡ
С򿪿ѽصģҲ򿪣˵ֱӸ㡣
˸Ķ¬ɣգȽ˵
˵εĺӣλ֮İɡ
Ǻöұ֤ʡС֡
аɣǾͿ
¬ɣ޿޲ɵش򿪺ӣĿóһֽ
һ⣬òǶɣ
ⶫ˼ɲãҪغʱ˼Ѿֿ죬ץУƵôôⶫ
˵߽⿪ӣչ˻¬ɣַŶͷ׼ӭһߴĹŴĴɫ
Ȼ˺ü֣Ҳû˼һӵ
˼¿ýζأ

 59 

¬ɣڨЦѡ
ʵС˼, Ҫ֪˼ҿǿ顷͡ĲΡˣػɶ
Ԫ¬ɣСʱ, һ, ˲ˡ
ǡǻϻʲôСˡܡֻĸݡ
¬ɣЦС㣬ŵԪˣ
˼ӻ̧ͷһԪͷ䶼ǺģҲ̲סЦ
Ԫţǡ̫ˣ
СæǸ, Цŵ, Ц㡣СԪ, ʵҲûɶúߵ, ȻҲҪ֪İ
Ԫ
¬ɣɤӣǸ, Ԫ˵, ʳŮ֮㿴ʥ˶ô˵ûʲôúߵġ
ʱԪʱԪӣԪ˵λʥ˶ô˵ˣҲͲô, ִ
Сһ𿴣ͷһƲæܳȥˡ
С¬ɣһȻһЦ
°ѻ꣬Сӵ¬ɣûӺÿɩ㻹Լĥĥ
¬ɣʵǾСڹŴϧˣҪִȫֿԳζͶĹۺѰ
¬ɣ治죬Ĳط껭Ȼָһߣ˳һ䣬ȷʵûʲôÿġ
£ҪǱ浽ִӦһ˲ĹŻ
Сִһ˵˵վҪؼȥˣ㡣
˶٣һ䣬ҲҪ׼
¬ɣЦʱݣ
С뿪ʱԪ¬ɣȥȤڲ˰ɣ
ڲ³ȻЩ䣬ԪɻһֱȰ
СգգۣȻȣղΪʲôˣȵģ
Ԫ
СԪЦˡ
Ԫݣ¬ɣԹСôӰ
¬ɣЦ϶¿ʲôӣأû⣬ϡ
ԸԪѻʰãͿ׼ֵܷ
һζ·ģﻹ˵ٺһ
׻μˣˣ
ûһܺȡվһ
׽Щ˼ؿ¬ɣ̫ˣһȶˣˣ
û
¬ɣɲͬ򽻵ܵһߣǰŰɡ
׼ֵܰ£ȻǸ¬ɣ˵鷳չ˴ˣֵܻҪȥǰͷͿ͡
˵꣬˾ͼҴˡ
һʡϡ
¬ɣԪԪʣ㣬ô죿
ȥõ׹
˵ܽƵģ¬ɣֻҽˡ
Ԫܿף¬ɣҨһҪȥϵ۾ͻȻˡ
һˣ
ĿһҲӣ¬ɣܿ췴Ӧװģ
ԪᣬôӦûǺ˲ٰɣ
ӣЦҹ˾·ϣʵûȶ١Ⱥʵ̫ܺˣҪǺȥֻܵúȵ
ȻɹûԪԼڴȥ׹޾Ҫߡ
¬ɣ޶˽һԪ
ԪС˵㣬Ҿסڵ᷿¾ͺңü
˵֣꣬µؿһۣ뿪
ʧЦԪ͸ĸСһ
¬ɣѿڶǵ۸ң
Ҳᡣ
¬ɣ˭֪ء
ȫýģҪվ̺һʵҪ
̾˿ҲʲôЩ
𶯡
˳ӵؾ˫֣úãҲš
˾ô۾۾¬ɣ۾еᣬ۾ߵ齽ԶĴ¡
һתּվʲô
Ů⣬ȻûϾˣҪװһЩ¬ɣûܵģʹģǾֹϻǲòһЩ
ı޹ָŲ˵ֻǿˣȵˮ
Ҹ㵹裬Ǳ𶯡
¬ɣһ²裬ݸ
лллӹһ
裬֮Ĭ
¬ɣ۾С¹һصԼҶ̽ʣܲȥϴ
¬ɣԣϴҪ·á
һ
ԡպõˮȥϴһɾ·¬ɣϽ͵ϴͷһʱɲˣţ㲻ɣ
¬ɣû¡
ȥϴɡ
¬ɣȥԡһͭԼһʱ֮侹еϲǸƤ촽Ů͵˭ԼеԼһ
ղŶȻܱƽ¬ɣЩ
ղԼŵı֣ԳЦЦǹˣ˭г嶯
¬ɣжױϴϼҳ·ͷ߳ȥ
ϣĿ¬ɣŲߣڴ¡
˾ʲôһֵǧһϵûУûаա
۾Ҫһأ׽׻ζڣҲû뿪˶ӣҪｫһϡ
¬ɣһͷӹһӣߡ
ллһεл
¬ɣ㲻ǸҵлԷʵռȵˡǵĻ£Ҳҡ
㣬Ļ˵޹ء
ǣ˵δޡԲŻк飬¬ɣεĵط
ô룬һŮҪ˵ȥףⶼ㡣Ҫֻܹ֡Ļû˵ȥָָ졣
ҶԲס㡣ϡ̫ʦЩǺģǸ˼Żٳɽ׮¡ϵǧҪϡ
¬ɣ͵͵ءŶһ
˯ɣǻҪȥлҪúϢ񡣡
Ǻñӡ
¬ɣ죬Ҳ˴չӹԼӣССһֻԼһˣࡣ
һ񴲵ëô˯ţܻңһ飬һ顣
ִʱһƽ񣬼ߵĹҲǸģ⵽˹ŴһӾͰθߵ߼ɱȨĻʵ۰
Ӽһһһ档
Ȼ˯ţ
¬ɣ˼ǲǳˣ
ûУҲ˯ţ˵˵ɡ
¬ɣ룬ʵʵǸʲôˣҪҪȥݼЩǣ
ϡͦõġ˵
ȥǬ幬ݼϣܹ㣬Ѿ̫кˣʱȥǣֻŻƹСڶ࣬ʺްŶ꣬ĴƷ£ϣֻ˻ӵҪעЩҲ̫ģǶʶʱˣڣô
ʵ۶Դ󹬿̱ѶӵλϣΪ̸ƽֻԼûˣλӳʱӿ˵ղſʼʵۻţÿһζӣһӴ˻ʵ۾ûλӣһֱڹ⣬ֻзԶԶؼһ档
Ӷˣ֪ǵҲֻҴͥеλҴͥڻ¹⳼ǰûŵġ

ǰ㲻õġϵֻ࣬ǼһлܿͿԳ
ǲǺܿͿװ鲻ͣ밡
ʹ¬ɣʳ仰
ȻͲˡ
ڽ鵱˵Ļȷʵɷ羰ǲɱġһҪиʱޣȻ̫ˡ
¬ɣΪǵ˼ø˵жʮ꣬ȥ̫á
Ŵ˵ܻʮʮѾˣڹŴǴδʣУ꣬Ҹ飬ȻӣܺѾʮˡ
Щͬˣɻһ㣬ܵʮ궼Ȣϱˡ
¬ɣ˵
ɫôϣܲãƺ飬¬ﲻΪҲġ
¬ɣҲǸ˼ֻǲ뵢㡣
ֻԼ㡣ʵԭʹûȢӡ
¬ɣһ˵ûӣΪʲô
һͨĹŴԶﲻҪԼĻȥô
Ϊʲô
¬ɣ׷ʣôܲΪʲôأ϶иԭɣ
˵СͥҸûǮȢϱӣȵȶԭ
̾˿ǸĹˣҸ㣬˰˼ңҲóжá
ðɣǻҳˣԲ𰡡
⡣˵
ĸֻ¬ɣģĬˣûȥ׷ν⡱˼
һ䣬˵ĽңĽʵЧ𣿡
¬ɣסˣص͹ˡ
ˣ˯ɡ
ӣסԼҳһƬڻ˯˹ȥ

ڶԪġ
¬ɣ۾Ȼңæ˯Ͽ
ԪѾˣҽչ˽ġ
Ҫ¬ɣæϴ
ھ˵أΪ˷㣬¬ɣȳԹ緹ȻŰһȥٴͷڣ
Ԫ̾㴩ھ˵ѺÿЩˡ
¬ɣžӿһۣҲúϾѹǳ˵˿װ𿿽װһ˻Ȼһ¡
˷ţͼҲʽǷһɫţӵĹٸټһɴñ٣Ĺ١
°ڣ͵⶷ţǻͣԵĴʵҲ󴩵Ĺߡ
䳤ڣɿ·ⱾĹܹ߳ϰƤݵѡ
¬ɣ´һЦѼӣʲôÿ
ʵøߣٵճϸȣҲÿ
˭֪Ҳһ䣬Ҳÿʲôÿ
¬ɣһӣͷû
˺ÿҪˡ
ȴӱŽʳǣȻͨŽʹֱǬ幬ǽߣƽֱĹ¬ɣ˵ûʲôϡģϾǰι۹ٻĹĻʹҲࡣ
Ǭ幬ͷСһֵ̫ȥ
̫һ񡣡
õǣλʵŰݵĴ񡣻ʵۺܿͽƽ
¬ɣԵòϣ㡣
ž˵һЩмĻϻʵ۵һֱЦǺǵģЦʮͿʼǰʮˣ޿νǿ㳤ģֿףο
֣л϶ԳĹذм
ʵ۹Ц겻Сˣץ˸ӲųɡһֽͣϥŮ
״
¬ɣﰵ²ۣһʹޣʵ۵ŵĸо
͵͵ȥʵۣ뿴λϵ֮ӵ׳ɶ
ݣʵ۷ǳݣҺڣСӻף״̬̫ãʱʱǷҪǼۣȫͨͷģ                        
лҪ˵

 60 

Ȼǰͷͳ, ϵȨ
¬ɣпһٿʵۣͷ, ʵʵվš
, 񲿰µЧʷǳ֮ߣӹѾ½½˺Щ˶¬ɣģλȥټ˵ĻʵǾƽƽĴڡ
ֻǸηĸˣоϻʵͦϲģģ¬ɣ͸һ
ʱǬ幬ǸӭǽǸֵĻ̫߽, , 㹬볤λ, ˵ˡ
æ, ǳĴ֮¬ϱȥλ밲ġ
ѵ˺󹬵ĵϣź, ¬ɣǸȥݼǡ
ϻʵ޿޲ɣӻ, ʹ¬ȥתһתɡ
̫ǡȻһƣˣɡ
¬ɣǿһһĵ˸Ż̫뿪Ǭ幬
һ·, ̫򵥵ؽȥݼǶӵĸȻȥ㹬ĻӵĸλƢºͣദˡ
ʵһĸӣϴûزˡ
¬ɣЦлƹ㡣
̫ЦЦл˶ڻϸǰ̵ˣʶ꣬˰С£в֮񣿡
ȥ·Ҫ¬ɣһŮִŮ˴һʮĹ
ЩɫĹװĲͨĹŮźᣬüۣмٹˣǳƯ
ǸŮ־̫ʱ񣬻̫ЦǺǣ빬Ů
ŮЦǵġ
̫ϸ˳򣬡һһӣúýϿ϶ϲġ
أмӽѡģòֻǹǷȱ㣬ֻܵ.̺˹ȥǰź򡣡
ȥɣȥɡ̫뿪
򵥵ļ仰ȴ¬ɣľѡ
ЩʮСﶼǸʵѡŮղĴӣͷӶ˵Ļʵۣհ׷ˣ
¬ɣЩĹϲûΪʹϲ֣к¡η塢ǡ棬Ψûиˡ
һͳΪȺŮ֮еһԱ¬ɣңֱ
̫֪޾ǰߣͿ쵽ˡ
Ĺ˼˻̫æؽ¬ɣȥͬʱϺõ̲к
֮Ǭ幬Ĵ˲֪١
ŮƹȺȿڲ裬Ͼ͹
̫վЦǺǣû£ۼҲҲ
һŹŮ߽
̫¬ɣ
ȻǸͰ׵ˣƽȻ˵ҪЩҪ
¬ɣٴ󣬲лʲôģ
úܰףԲԲͬ£ŷǳᣬʮӣ˭ҲǸʮ꺢ӵ裬ţúãԾᡣ
һҳɫĴһɫȼףͷҲʮּ򵥣ֻڷϲΣͬѰ˼ҵĹһ㣬һҲǸ߸ϵĻҲԵúͰס
Ц¬ɣȻԻ̫˵㿴ǳ˵֪ͬʮˣȢޣԭ۹ءƣϱƯͻݡ
̫ࣺ˵ļǡ
ͬҳһ¬ɣ˵ˣˡ
¬ɣصĻҽʮˣ漮ˡ
ãس˶
¬ɣͷɬˡ
ЦǸùѹֱ۸ߵ˿ˣ
Ǻǣ¬ɣ޸ĸŮһܱð̣ʮĸŵġ
Խ˶񵽱ˣ¬ɣԳЦЦ
Ϊ¬ɣĻǻʵƶٳɣ˻գһǸʹƸ񣬾ɻ鵱ʱҲʹͣϾֻһӣǺܺ顣
ʶ˶¬ɣܺ档
ʵ˵оʳ꣬СԵģ⻹
¬ɣСڶѡ
ԭİһΪǱ˶ﴫġ
¬ɣĳɻ鴫˶ģŮ¬Ϊıоͷ¶Եģż·ʳСպãǾǲŵ֮ȢСΪޡ
˰ҵǰʱھǴķзʱǲûж룬ֻΪ˰ΪȣТȻ¬ɣĻ֮Զ׮ҳΪ˰ȢһоŮһŭΪˣǴҳ塣
˵ʮ㣬ˣץðǵϲ
ҿ£ʵۼһֲٰˣ൱˱飬˸˵ʲôл
֮ܶıе΢
ʵ۶׮³п϶̬ȣ϶ʵ۳ǵˣҪ׮֮ϡ
֮ʹͣʹһֻӡ
¬ɣ˫ֽӹȻл
̫ʱҪȥ㹬ݼ͸ˡ
һ˵ɫ˱䣬Ҳһ˲ͱ仯ԭͰ׵ģӦõģȥɡ
¬ɣ˵֮Ĺϵ֣ò񲻺ϡûлʺ󣬴زۣĶӾϴ󣬰ĴͳñΪ̫ӡǻ϶Է̫һ²ģг£ǲ͸ᣬӴʮ̫꣬ܵǵĿޣû̫ӣģҲӣȻ󣬵ٴٲӣҪԼܹϻʺλãӾͳ˵ӣҲûʲôˣҲڰ
ӳȥ㹬
㹬ȫֲͬķʵͰظûʣɫĹװͷڣ޸һӲӵҲǺ챦ʯ
һ˫۵òٯǸˣͱҪСꡣ
ֱӾʵȥǱߣ֪ʹЩʲô
¬ɣóֻʹ͸檵ġ
ĿӣȻһ̻ۡ⣬һľӣҿ˸ӡ
ͷȡһⱦˣЦ޹ⱦˣҿ˾ʮУͽʹ͸ɡ
Խа֣ÿֻǶɫʯ˿ţöĿӲ֪Ҫضٱ¬ɣԥ֪òա
̫Ǹ˾̨֪ʢ⣬˾°ɣ𹼸һƬ⡣
¬ɣӹӣл
öҪˣҴʲôأˣھʹϿɡ
¬ɣԴϣҺòóԷܼвʲôģֱ۵ġ
սȻҪͷСͣ淢ˣֻ͵ⱦˣóȥôҲǧӰɣ⼫İο¬ɣġ
¬ɣСඣԾûʲôͬ˵мʹͲǿָ֪ͬӣҲˣҲˣûʲôˣ֪ͬӣƹ˻Ǭ幬ɡ
ôܿʹӴ㹬ˡ
ֱˬƣͲˣҲôʲôϻ¬ɣЩӱϸӺͰʮƽ׽ˣ¬ɣø˵ۡ
̫Ǹеˣλղŵоֹ˵ʲôĬĬ¬ɣǬ幬ķȥ
ûߵǬ幬ſڣиŮС̫ҴҸƹȵȣ
̫ͣʵʲô£
ŮūǳĹŮﻹƥ˿ϡƥױҪʹ͸ˣū澴˲ƥˡ
С̧̫ƥϡ
¬ɣתһˡⱦ̫Ŀӻͷ̫ÿǺƥĲϡ
ô죿
Ȼ°Ȼǲӡ
¬ɣؼصĲϡλС̫໹ĵذѲϰᵽϣʱؼҡ
Σ¬ɣǬ幬ûмʵۣһ
ûãˣߵ¬ɣߣȻǣ֣ǻȥɡ
¬ɣͷŽյ֣һʲô
Цʹ̫󣬲ǣߣСĵȻ߶˿ޱӡ
¬ɣҲŲޱء
ʹȷʵ¬ɣһ棬ԹҹɭϣȷʵҪС
ȳ˻ʹϣ¬ɣܹĴ˵ˡ
ֱ۸㿴ЩģģǼƥҲġ
սƣȤ㷢һСơ
¬ɣƣﶼôǮ𣿡
ʧЦǵٺ»ֻ࣬ΪλӰܺ񣬲ſŹ󲿷Ůòô
¬ɣݣղȥ·ϣҿѡ빬Ůǻôᡭ
̾˿ֻǵ֮꣬зŹŮ顣
˾㶼Ĭ
Ȩ֮£飬ֻܶˡ
죬¬ɣµԺҲǸҵϥǹƶˡ
ˣԺ󶼲ˡ֤
¬ɣʣΪΪѣ
ʣʲôΪѵģ
˵Ϊǰ£Ļӡ
ѽ̫ˣ̲סͷû£ʵԼĵߣƺʲôںȴ̺볯ᣬĵߡ
ʵҪ֤Լһ޶ĵλʹһδҲȥðλáǰŻ¸̫ʦ̫ʦڻǰ˵̫ӵ飬±֪󣬺ݺݵسһĻûŹɼ̬֮ء
ԴԺӾʵ
¬ɣ⣺ҲûҪʹͶҰѵĻб뷨𣿡
ʹ͵ⱦȷʵǺöҲǼƥϺõӡ
û£ֻһʹͣҪΪ׽Ĺٻ´ùϵȻˣЩ£ڻǰ˵лʱ䳤ˣȻǵûǰиܵûϵϲͿʼĿе˽̻ϵһ̫̫࣬ʹӣܿǸʧ˳裬乬ա
¬ɣпһϵõ
úõͬռҲôùѹֶԻ̫඼мӣΨֵ
ӹҲ磬ң¬ɣȥʳ꿴
¬ʳʵ˵ĺӣһֿģΪɻԭͣҵһգվɿţΪҪȥл¬ɣֻܽԪĵúܣ£ÿȥһʳꡣ
¬ɣݻھ˵ϼҳѣʹš
ˣó緹ˣȥ
¬ɣڰ֣裬Ҳˣȥһʳꡣ
辪ȣ⻹Ǵϲӣڼ
ϲʲôϵ
ˣ

 61 

¬ɣæų, ԥ˰죬ûסǱȥˡ
ȥһ鷿, º, ȥݿ¬ɣ˭֪ȴһգΪȥԷˣȥ˷
Ĳϰ˼ˣ׼ֵѾſˣ׻󿴿ף¬, , ôûһ
Ӧڳɡ
¬ɣ, , ϶ڳ
׻˵ǰղҴӳûˡ
ʱһ, ˣҸղſ˳, ˵ȥʳꡣ
׻γԾȥʳ꣬ûɣ»ڼ䣬Ӧøˡ
ȿȣ׽ɤӣɵܵܲҪ˵
׻λ°ͣѽһ, ܽؼƬϲˣˣԷɡ
ȻͷǷٿ
ղŽʱϻŵЦ⣬ָֻݣʳ޲ϰˣֻ׽˵
ò׳Թȥ鷿׻˿׽˵磬ҽ϶ҪղųԷգҶ˵һ䡣
׽ĵܵܵļ򣬵ҿ㻹˵ȽϺá
ǣ̲ס¬»飬˶»٣¬к򣬴ӹֱȥʳ꣬Ǵˣ»޲Ӧöٯٯô׻˵
׽Ҳ֣쿴˵ӣһҲ»鰡
¬оģûע⵽Щɡ׻β̫ȷ˵
Ҳ֪¬ϲ¥죬Ըȥģ¬۾ûҾûѴ˷ϡ
ˣ׽ԼܵҲ̫ˣҲ¬ദ֮Ǹöܵġȥȥʰȥ˳ɻˣǸסȥҲ㣬վͰᵽڵլ
ĶͰȥˣֻʣһЩճƷҪʰˡ
ȥ鷿˵һ鷿д֣˵ǰңͷͲ˵ͷ֡
΢Զ˵㣬׻С˵磬㿴Ǵ˶ؿշеĶʼˡ
׽Ķͷˣ㻰࣬߰ɡ
Һжá
Ϲðɡ
Ȼֵᵽһլס׽ҴܹܣɰׯȵȶһȻġ
˵ׯȻ඼ӣ˾ѣҲһЩСĵ׽ٺ»滮ȥֹһСׯǴڣҪæܶࡣ
Ȣޣ¬޽Ժ»㱨鵽ǶԴˣǶ¬׽Ҫʹ
ܵ׻Ӿͼ࣬׻ڽȻûʲôƷţӹȻǸ²ĵ
ѵýվȻ˷֮
׻ȥǾòףǴ˶¬ˣ¬̫ӦˣһԶ´˾ˣ̫ˣӵҲôԷ
ͣͣͣ׽ͷʹ˵ĽʲôʲôһԶ´ˣ
ⲻǰѴ˵ɹԹô
ѵ𣿡׻ηʣղŴ˵ԾͲáҪһʿ
¡
ģҾһԪ˵һʵģ޵ģ˵԰ɣ
׽аɡ

ʱ֣ʳõʱǸǷǸˮĺܺá
¬ɣԪΣһˣԵúææвңֽֿ죬̲˵Ŀ϶˴㣬̲裬ټϹɩż֣Ǿ
¬ɣ߽ʳ̨꣬ӣһ̲裬ĸϸپ
Ԫһϣ²ͣز̣£ŷӦ̧ͷϲ㣬
¬ɣЦô˰һû緹ŪԵİɡ
ããȥԪ˵
¬ɣλԪ׼óԵĺȥԺ緹
ҴӣʼʳĹ
֮󣬹ӡɩ˷·Ĺǣɻɩ˵㶼ˣʣұûҵ㣬˻ȥ
¬ɣͷû⣬ǿʳģҪʳʡ
ʸɾʳóĲ˲Ÿóԣ¬ɣӲŪˣԴγõǲģ˿Ͳɵӣܳĳ
ʱ˽ˡ
Ԫй˵һΪղˡԼһ浣ĲС
¬ɣŷģҿͦ
ĬĬظɻӾ˳һ䣬¬ӲղųɻôôڼЪգ
¬ɣ̾˿װǳףҲܵ⡣
ݵصͷǰ˰ˣĿǮǲ
¬ɣСʳ꣬ʵÿ´ţҲҪһʲٵӣ⻹ҿڣҪûֻ½ĸࡣԳк̨⣬ֻһˣҪϼѡ
ʱҲֻеһ·ߡ
磬¬ɣ֮ⷿεϰ˽ǻȵΪ࣬ͷ͹
¬ɣԪ꣬˴ϽֲɹܲɹһѶ⳵ͻ
֮æżˣǼǡ
Ϊ˲˷ʳģԼÿµ֧ˮף¬ɣʳеĶǼᣬЩ˷ѣֻҪԱ˱һ۾ܷ⡣
Ⱥ󣬻æɩԼңԪɨ档
ɨϣ¬ɣ򵥵˼ˣΧӳ
ڽܽ¬ɣ̧ͷһŷſվһˣԪ˶¿ӣվˡ
¬ɣ³ԷȻѲ֣
ҡҡͷɫˣӷ˻ؼҡ

Ҫؼҵ飬ҶѾʼˡ
¬ɣĪое飬бҪ£ǿʳľôæȺ󣬾öˣ˶У˳Ը
ЦЦ֪
Է𣿡
ûԭȥһԡ
¬ɣæ˵ǸʳԷӷ㣬ԺҳԷˡ
ŶһȻ˵׼ֵܰᵽԼլסˣҲڼԷֻһ˳Էһ㣬ʵżҲûʲô
ҵķɲСķһŴǰֳԷȢޣϷֻһ˳Էˡ
ƽĶۣ¬ɣԼһ˳ԷҲǴӼʱ鷳ɴͲˣһٲҲûɶ
⻰˵˾ġ
¬ɣʱ;ԼˣҪû޸˼ҲŲһˡ
һʲôڸ
ʳʳĶֳɵģҲ㡣
æ˵ˣ̫鷳һȥֱˣȳԷɡ
棬¬ɣŲԹ档
ôһ˵ΣȻǣϾ˳ɻĵڶ죬Ա֮£еҡ
ѾԵĲˣȥԵģһԪݱ衣
ȥƣֻнû㣬˿档
˿򵥣ȹͣʳȥðպãȻ̫ˣúʢһߡ
һˮ棬뼦㹽˵ȵȣʱϳ˿˿ˡ
¬ɣ˹ȥ԰ɡ
΢Ц¶׵ݣлл
ÿ
ˡ
һ˿棬ʴ˿ۻ˽壬θڴ󿪣涼Ըɾˡ
¬ɣصͷһʦա
룬ܺóԣϧԵ
ԪˣҲҽѽ
ͣû˼ǿóԡ
ʱ۴ӡпɡˡóԡ¬ɣΪһӣüȻ춼ԵżҲܳԵ
̵ǾͶлˡ
һһˣ¬ɣڶоùֵֹģֲ˵ĳƺԣʶװûԸ椣ţϲҪȥѺڽԺЩ
椵ˣ֪ˡ
¬ɣзˡ
椲֪룬
¬ɣ룬ϰɡ
¬ʳϰ
õģϰ
¬ɣصͷ
˻ңǰԪߴߴ˵ڣ㲻ˣ¬ɣҲ֪ø˵ɶݱ任ܾЩΰ
һ·ϣ˶ĬĬ
ȻصңԪһطˡȻϽˡ
¬ɣݣһȥüʰᵽ鷿ȥס
⻰һ˵ɹ¬ɣĵôˣһʰ
ڹŴ鷿ִ鷿һǸרŰ칫ĵطҵ鷿ͦģһһ䷿ãŴһԷʵûʲôͬ
Ժһʱ䣬žҪˡ
ɫйŮһҲ̫ã鷿ʰ޵Ĳˣ¬ɣæǣһطˡ
˵겻˵νžˡ
ıӰ̾˿
ʳæµһգ¬ɣˣʱˣԪһͬҡ
ջЩ¬ɣˣϣԼܻЩϧˡ
ϵϹˡ
¬ɣֻôԪ߹˸һˡ
ϼ޸ɣһҲ˵ùȥ
ϺԲ¬ɣˣǳ鶯¶һͰЦݣȻ޸ˣôһˣһһͺá
¬ɣô졣
Ҫ֪ɴûϡ
ˣϱһˣﲻʣͽ˰ɡ
ϱסˣƬ̲ͳӲ۾⺢ӣѵΪļϵ飿
ˣҲû뷨
̬Ⱥ߶߶
ϵ˰룬˰ҲϲһƽƽҲ˽ʼڻʵ۸ǰʱϺżʼ߶ϵ
׼ֵܵĸֵ޸˰һСµģӣµ͹ˣָȥң׼ֵʵ˰ļӣ˰ӣֵܶ˴˳
ָмҲʮʱһǰǰĳӣûӡ
βЩŭҵĸ»ӽһĸײΪɣ
Ϊ˼ɡ
¬ɣϺһˡ
Ȼ󲻵λ˵˵ҲҪϱˡ
ΪϻᲪȻŭû뵽ϵˮһ䡣ĲƵĹˣһõúܣ£ȻӺϧ
Ҳû취ѽ˰㸸׿ҲߣʵڴȥˣҲ뿪ǳӣ˰ҲðΪÿնںڣ˰òá
¬ɣӲʩҪʱðҪǶˣͽϸշˡ                        
лҪ˵qaq

 62 £׽棩

͸ûһ, ҪôȨ㣬, Ϊʵûʲôϵ
ôȥ, ʧˣ̸ϰô͸̸Ϻˡ
ƽ޲˵һ΢Сһ¬סˣ૵㡢㲻Ҫĸ𣿡
⻰˵ģ¬ɣüͷ
ʧʱƷһˣӵĺӳϢˣˡ
Һһס
¬ɣȻǸվһ, ҲԲװʥĸ, ĸӺͺ, Բ֡
ָоȰԭ¶һ, ֮ģ
ϴ᲻ֹСο, ͬʱʹɫ׼ֵܴ˿, װ
ֶ˵ӣŮͱ࣬ȷп԰ͲҪٹˡ
Сʱչˣмλ˼ң, Ҳûйˡˣм仰뵥˵ȥ鷿˵ɡ
̧ͷ˵ʲô
¡
鷿Ǳȥ룬Ĩɾᣬȥ
û
¬ɣҪҪԼķ䣬߹ͰǴٷ˰ɣ
ִ¬ɣ֣ϸϸش¬ɣùÿ濡ζ㣬Ƕܳ㡣
ϣ벻׻λڱ¬ɣ׻һ׻ЩڣѽҾʵʵ˵ҪķóԡٺЦ
ôЩװ̾˿¬¬ɣֱһģҲͦȥԺӺúùӡ
¬ɣ䣬óһʯָ¬ɣ
¬ɣȻͣ׻ЦǴ˵дһҲǰǼأ°ɡ
¬ɣȴ֮˫ֽӹл֡
ѵüһζӣл˵¬ɣԪǡ
˻˷Ԫűʯָ㣬ҿֺģֻǴ˵ѣ֪׼񣬿أһһĸףҪ˾ΪҪſϱ棬˸׼
¬ɣЦ׼ˣҲաûиŲ裬ҲûбҪ׼񰡡
ǲһ˸˵ĹϵãҪ޸ĸӹϵҪЩУԼ̧øߣһҪδҲ̫˽ЩЩҾ͸˵˵ǧ˵ԪСĵ
¬ɣһסԪĲӣҸ˵ɶԼ˵ҸףǸף
Ԫ£Ǹףʱ䳤ˣͲ֪ˡ
¬ɣЦŶԭСԪԴˡ
Ԫ˵˼̲סţҡû˼
ããû˼¬ɣЦݣԪڶҵһ꣬زĸȥ򣬶ϸչңҲͦǹͬѵġԶҵá
Ԫˣѽһˡ
㣬һ£Ȼطˡ
ԪܸˣһֱӶңʳ꣬ٵңһֱһ𣬽ڣԪ¡
Դӽ˳ˣȻ̶գЩϵǸıˣԪЩĵġ
ȵĴ˶Խ㲻ãĽҪ˺õˣͰˡ
֮Ԫ鸴ӵúܡ
ڷǰ飬һϲһǣӵúܡ
׻ιѵüӣߵȻͻȻͷ٣
Ԫó񣬱Ĵŵ˲ˤ׻Σˣ
׻ƤЦǶ£
ԪŤͷߡ
ȥ
Ԫ߷ߵȥܵţ
׻ѵһأ˵
Ԫûʲô£
Ǹûпհ׻֧֧
ԪŤͷߣ׻μæסĸ첲ˣȥ˼Ұɣ
Ԫӣ׻ڨڨ֡
ղŲѾﻹлҪҽ˵𣿡
ǣǼ㣬Ǽ㣬ղŲû˵ϴк𣿡
ôôģȻǹҽģĪȥʲôҪȥԸ𣿡
Ը⡣׻˵
Ԫÿɵһ׻ΣԸ⣬ҿɲԸ⡣졪ֱˣټ
Լķ䣬飡ţ׻α⣬һӻҡ
ѵùһˣǴ㽫Ԫʶ˭֪Ԫ顣
׻˽ģٻȥѾ߶߶׽ˡ
󲻹ͲСˣճɼҡǰǸڣ˶ûɻأڴ˳ɻˣ־ʹӳɻ顣
ǳɻˣҾͿڷǰϣչˡϲ˵ãֵֻϴ˰ӷ룬ôˣһҲֻܼ棬ʹˣȻϣܸסһ
׻Ƹ磬򣬵ȸȳ˵ҵ顣
׽νҶУ˼
ЦǸµģȥ˾ý࿴𡣡
ĸ˵Żϴ鷿æӭȥ
ֻɫҰףзŭ벻ʣһ˿Ȼ
߹ȥϵȥɡ

ӦеȻ˵һϳš
ϣϿɿʲô
׽ʵˣǱߡ
Ѿ˵ˡ˵
ôһ˵û˵׼ֵҲ׷ʡ
׼ֵܲ׷ʣ¬ɣҲû׷ʣ飬޹ء
֪ԹȴԹ
ȷĸԵϵϲеĸӶװҲûĸԵģ˱ˡЩѵ˵
²ף˵°˿ڡ
¬ɣЩ㲻ø˵
ҡҡͷôǷޣЩ֪ô
ޣͬ
аɡ
˰׿˵Ҿͬ˰ںܲʶܲԸңҵνָºż˼޸ɺĶӣ˼Ӧøɣ
¬ɣͷ
̫ʦȨ㳯ҰǳҰʵкܶ࣬ЩڼĶˣɱ֮һзʮ˾꣬˺ڸճһλãҪһԸʸ̫ʦ˶෬ңĿڴˡ
¬ɣɻ̫ʦõȨɲԸʸҪͨ㣬ıڸλã·ҲӦҲԸɣ
̫ʦѳֳʮ꣬Ѿãǳ˷УڽԭԳ󣬾Ҳã̫ͨʦ٣ʵͨ˵Ҳ󣬶¶
¬ɣԼ뷨˵ֵôҲʿ˵
ôһ˵ҲܣƵƵһ߹٣ôҲɵΪҪĸԵְɡ
ҡҡͷ֪֪Ҳ֪Ҹղ鷿Ѿȷظ˵ˣҲκϳϵЩ飬Ҫ롣
ֶ˵ˣѹ˸ղɫҰܡ
ʵеһ飬̫ʦȨƣ˵вɣڻ벻̫ʦôԾڸʵҲûʲôȨһҪΨ̫ʦհôڸ󼷣취ıΣȻ⾩ҲûʲôΪпܴŭ̫ʦ
¬ɣĥôֵ⣬ͻȻĳĳһʷʣȵ۾ǲǻҪ̫ʦ
޶ȣÿǻڷϵӾʤȻӾöⳣӸȱ
̫ʦƣԼȻҪܣкܴһӴԼ˻ʵ۵Ŀڴɡ
ͣӿڳ֪У˵
¬ɣҲû룬ſͱһҧ
æ֣Цãè𣿡
¬ɣ˭ҵ죬ƾʲôԼ˵Ҳ˵
͵˵̫ʦ˵ǻϣⲻһ
ͷԼ֣¬ɣʵûһżССһӡ
¬ɣֿɵõû
̧ͷЦЦû£ǸصļǺš
ôһ˵¬ɣˣ޼ҧһڣʱͲ
ӡӾûˣ˵ҲǹҪҧġ
ˡ
¬ɣæʣԺ󻹻᲻
˵ˣӦþͲˡǹҲõģҪΪ㣬ֻܰе鶼ƺˡ
ã
ļȷʵе޸ϱϵϲί
δϱиˡ
¬ɣ
˳Ҳ˵ˣ˵껹Ƶģļ
ЦƵ˵Ȼ˵δϱиôԸԸҪ
¬ɣæ֣ˣ֮ǰ˵Ǽװ飬ȰѻʵӦȥ˵ġ
ɫ߱ʵѾһ׮Ļˡ
֪ǼٵİݺģԺʲôĹﶼȢ
̫鷳ˣҾԼãһˣҲᱻĹϲɡҪǺȢϱô죬𣿡
¬ɣסˣ⻹ʶǸ
ǿ˧ĽˣɷԼģ
⣬һ⡣¬ɣܵ
װǷˡ
ʵǸϿˡ
ûнյźţû˳Ƹǣˣûȥ˴󴦰ɣҴȥ䣿ҪǷĲʳ꣬׽ȥæ
˰ɡ
ǰ¬ɣǸΰߣڵĲľۣȻۣȥ˺ܶطˡŴȻȾ٣ɫܸӦ׿϶һ㶼ƣ¬ɣ鷳˵ԼǮҵأǸҪ顣
һּȸУҪǮ
˺üʵۣʷһģһʵ˲ףҲڴʲô׵Ļʵˡ
ߵĺ׳󣬻񣬶ԭ⣬ʵۺ޲Ѷòʮܹܶأ˭ܱ֤ʵʵصʿУҪ֪ӳԿõ˺ܶ࣬ЩĽǿ϶ҲҪɣ
ᣬʵӣܺòŹ֡
˭֪ԺʲôأǳڶǮ㣬ԺϱȥҲУǱȱ΢ȫһЩ
ǣܾԼ
գ¬ɣվɸԪһȥʳ꣬ٴҲһġ
ˣ޾ôˡ
һ飬ڶʵۣȻ졢졢춼һ˶ؿշ
¬ɣһŮӱýָ֪ͬҪæ
׼ֵܾҲ̫ˡ׻θ˵¬ֱǮȥˣŮУһҪԪʡ
¬ɣԪʳ׻סԪȻ¬ɣ˵ˣлԪ˵Ԫá
Ԫɶ°
Źˡ


 63 

Ԫĥĥ䲻Ϲȥ, ¬ɣЦ͸ȥ˵ЩʲôҪ۸, ҿ϶ġ
׽æô۸۸Ҿ, 仰ĬĬڶ˵һ顣
Ԫ°һȥȥҲ㡣
ȥ˺ԺԺпϹ𻨣ʯʯΣԪ£ֵʣʲô£
òиᵥͬԪ˵׻οɲֹѯʴ¬顣
Ԫò㣬, ǸܺõĹ
׻λ, Ǿˮ, иĸ, Ǹ׵Ĺ
׻˰ˣȻд˸˰ļӱΪڵ, һڽְλںܶ, Ȼ
ԪãϺԵҾƶһҲ׻ΰ룬ȻԾЦ
Ԫǰ˻, ȻǷˣҳȴʲô˵һɵЦˣɶ˵飬˵Ҹһ¡
׻æЦݣŬԼһЩͬ˵
Ԫһ˵ƣʾԼϴ
׻ε㲻Ǵ˵Ĺϵֵֹ𣿡
ԪһȻˣʳ꿴˸ɫĿˣɫ˵ûоãǲǺúõô
׻ΣˣǴǽָ֪ͬһæúܣ¬ɻ飬Ļޣǳ˳ɻĵһգʣµʱ¬ﶼʳ꣬Ǵ˾һ˴ڸУ»޲İ
Ԫ֪һЩģ϶ܸ׻˵ǺԼû飬ô֪ԣҲ»򸾾ôദġ
ܣ׻ζȻȻû飬»ͬſɲġ
ȷʵģԪ֪ףӲи˵ദҲҽǼҴ˶˵ʲôֵõ˵ʲô𣿡
㡪׻αˣ㲻ô˵޲ͣŮӵ˺ҲֹΪ˴ˣҲΪ¬ʱˣ檵Ļ˺Ļ¬
ʲôҪ檣ԪסҽƷӵ檣
׻æ˵ǣǣ˵ܡ
ûûпܣ붼룡
׻αԹ̫ԵˡôܵǴ˺һɣ
ԪҽѾˡ
׻ɫҾòáʶǴˣǴ˶ãΪ¬￼ȫ¬ȫȻѴ˷ۣײڶվͻʳ꣬񡢾Ǯˡڵݿǽָ֪ͬķ˰
굽Ǯˣʳʹǵ֮ȻҪ
˵ȥԪҪըˣ׻æѽҲ˵¬ֻ⣬Դ˶áֻһ䣬Ǵǲһֱ¬ϸܵ
ʶʼ¬ﱻ檣ȷʵɣʳӣ붭˵Ĺϵϣȷʵõ˵İпʳٸЩƦåҲˡʱȥҹѲǺܴæ
ȻӽµľǣŮҪ죡
Ԫû˵һ䣺˹ɣҽҲûжС
׻Σýָ֪ͬ⾩Ҫʸ˵˶ǣеҪӣѵ̰ͼ¬𣬲¬ﰲĶѡ
Ԫ粻ŭͷҪҪһһƵô˴ʼҽ㣬Ϊ˽ҽ
ţǼˣܶʵûи㣬˵һ׮顣дνȥ¥Ұˣܶ¥գҲǴ˼ʵƵ鲻٣кܶû˵˵Щ˵㱨ʲôֻ˼ȻѾ˻飬͸û°
Ԫǿ˵׼ģǼҴô룬һ㶼֪˵˵ʲô˸ϵ˾ͲҪκˣΪǵļһ
תߣ׻סߣ
ԪֿһۣݺݵŮ壬øϽſȻҺˣ
׻μæɿ֣һл˵
û˵ǣ
Ԫܲ뿪ǲɢ
صӣԪȻȻͬʱֺìܣһ׻һʲôΪ˵ôһͨҪһ棬ֲò˵öԣİġ
Ǹס˼ˣ¬ɣЩ˵飬¬ɣˣ
Ԫƭͽղ׻ε鶼˵ˣڨЦϣʲôϹ˵˵˵
¬ɣҲȫ˵ˡ
Ԫæ˵ˣ˵ĸСһûôᶮأ˵˺ϲأҾ;òԣҪϲ㣬ʼʱ˾͸Ŷԡ
Ǽǵã˵ʱǾܾ˽㣬㻹ѹһӡ
Ԫ͵͵ȥ¬ɣɫȴʲô
¬ɣЦЦû뵽׻δȥ˵°һΪǡˣԺ˵ʲôֱӵҺʹ˵˵
ԪЦҾҡ
Ҳźá
¬ɣʣû˵ģ
Ԫ̯֣ûˣ˵ˣҲ
¬ɣþһ׮£׻ζԴԪҲûĳ˼ˣԪһ֪޾ӣڿҲͦõġ
ֻԪСһ꣬Ҳʮˣʱȷʵ˸ü˵͡¬ɣִ˵꿴ʲô⣬ԪĹŴˣʲô˼ֻǰûἰ
δĹŮȥɳ¬ɣɲܱԪԹ
벻ˣҪ˼˵˼ҲҪߣһ㣬ĸĸϼΪ࿴˼ңڳҸýѰҲУ¬ɣԪԼ˼
Ԫκߣϸ룬Ҿ͸Ž㣬Ҳû˵顣ʵڹͦõģҪǼˣҪźżһˣҪͣޡ
¶ıҾôŮ˵ʹǴӼ˿ʼģǲ˵ģԺʵ˵
аɣ¬ɣ֧

ȥСʳתǷúãҲúã⼸¿¬ɣõľȻ̲衣
̲ɲ̲辫ˮҳģʵʵĺţɡţ鶼ѡʵţ飬ϺõɽС֣ͷټϲֻù˿͵ϲ
̲ʱζƮˣ˴ĿˡǷʲ̲˵ȵȶûмҪģ¸ƺף¬ɣʳЩطѾͬҲģſʳǷ̲裬䷽в̲ζͲͬҲб𴦴̲¬ʳ̲㴼ޱȣһСġ
˼ңŮ첻׳ţǲ˼˹̲裬̲ͬʱ϶ҪЩ̲ĸ㣬¬ʳĸ㶼СµķȥһһÿŮӵϲ
֮ʳϣһһá
µף¬ɣĿûȥɱøٰʮӵķֺ졣
Ԫϲ̵㣬ô˵ð콨ɽׯ׾ܴĿˣãص˶úܣǿ˾ȿţǺʵ򡣡
¬ɣ˱ԪиڲپҵϱȥСʱϾһ︻ɽˮǸõطǰѵ˵ô
Ԫסˣ˺һ˵ԺҪȥϱ𣿡
¬ɣҿպᵽϱȥأԸһȥ
Ԫն˵ҵȻҪŽһߣҡҵôҲýǴͨ˼Ҽ޳ȥһŮ޵úõģҲõһӵƸֱӸһӣǾ͵ŮѾˣҵֵܽô࣬ûңϵи㣬ͻֻǼ޵˸أѾûлؼˡ
Ȼô˵¬ɣǷˡ
ߵĺ그ߣ͢ӹҾǵģһô죿ǿ϶ģЩҪϴ򣬿ɲסȥϱߣǱȾǰһЩ
˹ƾǵʷϿµģʻʵ۹岻ᵹùϰտ˵¬ɣòδѣûµȻãµĻҲҸطʱܡ
¥־Ӫʳһ꣬ԺҪ뿪¬ɣﻹмֲᣬԪ¬ɣÿˣȥ߿ˣһӴ⾩Ҳûʲô˼
Ԫô˵¬ɣܸˣ֮ԪĻסˡ
ǱǸʲôأʲôʱͬ˽Լϵ̫Ҳ鷳
¬ɣʵʵ˵ʱû顣
Ԫԥ£ʵѾǸõˣ൱޸ĸ޸ŶùܣԽҲȷʵǺáʵʲôװĻһҪҪǻϲҲϲ㣬ɲŮòúõһð
ܶ飬¬ɣһһȻҪ˵ڵķǿ϶ʳꡣʳҵԸ롣
ͼתƻ⣬Ԫĳˣ˵һ׵ģ˵㡣
ԪϣУ
׻ΡԪ˵¬ɣʵ˵ʱദ
һµദѾҵ˴˶ܽܵദ֮
ÿһ緹Ȼһţ¬ɣȥʳ꣬ȥϣȥʳҹѲһȻദ
ٽʳȵĵ㣬ûй
ڽת˼Ȧƺڵˡ
Ԫ㣬˿µ˰ɣˣȳԷɣȻҪˡ
Уȳš
ô˵¬ɣﵽЩ黢˵ϻʵҩˣƢϲŭ޳ߵ˳꣬һкüԭʵ׽õĹԱͻȻ
Ȼ½Ͳסϻʵӹѽ
¬ɣ׷ĲɵǷӣԪҲʳ֪ζ
¬ɣѲһʳ꣬ԪرȻڽĽ
Ԫ㣬һˣ
䣬Ϳǣźڽ߽¬ɣĴʯ£̶˵ôڲǶ극ˣΪ첻ˡ
΢΢ЦҴӦ㣬һ
¬ɣסˣȷʵദֻҪӦ飬ûʧ
ԪѾߴߴ˵ˣˣڹﵢʱǴҶĵòˣ㡭Ǻܵġ
𣿽ˣҵĲǡȻڻشԪĻ۾¬ɣƺڶ¬ɣ˵Ǹġ
¬ɣ̫ڣǿһ飬Ҷܹġ
Ȼתƻ⣬˷û
ЦûǣڶúˡϰﻹʲôԵģ
̬Ȼ¬ɣҲƵӣʣЩ׷ɡ
лϰ˵¬ɣȥ˳£Ҳȥˡ
椶Ԫ̾һ˷򸾸á                        
лҪ˵

 64 

ԪЦôͿǸˡ
˵˼ÿնϰؼѵ֤𣿡
ҹѲ
Ԫֻ³ĸ, ͲˣüͷųǱ߿Źȥ, ˼, ȴͣˣƲץ˿ĨȥĨӡ
¬ɣ˵Ҫ򵥵ظ⵰ʣӼټϽξˡ
˿ײ˿ҶһСȣȵڹﳴ죬ȻٳС쳴Ƴȳȵĳ۵ľͱʢ, ǳʣ, ʣĿ, 뽴͡Ρζ, 󽫳õˡ¹ȡ
һ߿¬ɣֻ²ͣ, вˡ͹˶ޱȣˮܿ, һĵˡ
¬ɣﻹаļϴ˵㲤ˣ˰鶹ڼ򵥵һ벤˶
һһҲŷһӣ˵ǰ, Ц԰ɡ
ȵллϰ
Ȼϵһ壬˫ַ¬ɣµл񡣡
ķǮл
¬ɣȻգҲҪ͵ˡ
գȴϵ˿ϣЦܺ㣬Ҫ԰ѹȹ
ΪһȥҲÿ¬ɣʲСˣԼҲǮԺٻһ
Է˶ˬ𣬵ˣһִ꣬һִܿһһˡ
¬ɣʵԱûﻹаȲȣ
ȣ
ȥ̨ߣԼʢ¬ɣһӿɽ̡ɲиԶҳ񣬷ҪŮ˸˵ߵˡ
ʼ˿佱ģʽΪǿŶȣ˵ϻǵ㾦֮ʣ˵˶Ķ΢ƣȻϣ¬ɣɣպõòˡ
¬ɣߺ䣬㻹Ǹ𣿡
ʧЦ䣿
ޱȣĬԣʱضһɫ
ҡͷʣദ˲ʱ䣬𣿡
¬ɣԼ°ͣէһǣദֲǡǸܽˣȻҲΪҸ׵Ϊ˶ҡ׼ֵҲǼõġ
ǵĳʱ˰ūֺͣʹСһ𳤴ϣ׼ֵūǳ·׽Ĺ£׻˽
˲˽㣬ǽ漸ЦЦôãԺܶ㣬㲻顣ֱǳԴˣЩЦ滢ſɶأ
˵ĶԲԣ¬ɣôʡ
΢ЦбôңֺαطǸ˼ȥչˡ
бѾ¬ɣˡڡ棬ȥӻ
ޣͷ࣬ԵխһյƵƤƣǡޡˣ̸֮Ŀԣ㶼ˣ̣Ͷ˼
ҿʱԪˣʼ
Ԫһʰ꣬һ߶¬ɣ˵㣬ɫˣҰϴˣǾͻȥɡ
ֻ¬ɣ˵Ϊһۡ
ڽסʳ꿴ӣ˻رԪ¬ɣֱۣվм䡣
¬ɣ˵ѻȥ
Ȼ˼ң¬ɣԪ
ݺһ仰Цʣôˣʲôʱ㣬ңҰ
Ԫ£ûҡ
ô£ʳǸӣ˶ó
ԪûС
¬ɣǰ˵滰ˣ
Ԫص³һðɣҾͿ˲ߡҾ̫˼̫ƭƭƭǮһɶǰסʱҲǶã΢ǴҶΪϲ㣬ԼҲôΪǺ桭׻ϴθ˵˶Խôãϲ㣬ϣܶЩҲǸɵӣǸˣŲҪء
һϷӣŮ밮̫ףһСΪһżһˣͽˣĶ˳ȥĸͬ⣬ͲһͬǸ˽ȥӣӿ״Ԫҵǧͬ䣬СʱѾ䲻ϵٵˣΪʾͻݣó֮λңӵұһһ檣Բ֡
ԪϷ¬ɣ¬ɣЦǰСԪ⿴ʲôЩܵ档
ɫҪҲˡ
ԪЩҲû˵ˣСĶѣ㻹Цҡ
Щˣ¬ɣæ֪ΪҺáֻȫûпɱԣϷǣŸСǧܲǴƷĽָ֪ͬǰĺˣʲôˣٵŮһУ˵λ̫ˡ
ԪڨڨҾǾٸӣ˵˶ͦģദҪ߾衣
¬ɣЦ߾ǶԵģŮȷʵ׳ԿһЩЩԺ󿴿ˣ棬ҲʵһҲûǱ¼լԺеĸǧ𣬾ҵǧҲȢ״ԪҲһƷµʿǶߵŵڰôῴֻˣǧ
Ԫò˼ǰǰ´ҲСô˵
СżͷһŰӵˣҿζ棬ڲͬⱾԵСƼԪġ
¬ɣСصĿζæԪû㿴ʲôֵֹĻӰɣĹ£ٱһҹ¥˵Ĺ£
Ԫæ˵ûûС
¬ɣ룬˵㿴Ҳû£ǿӾǲһ֣ɱɵĻС
šԪתƻ⣬ҪСĻ¶£в¾Ҫˣﵣĵúܣſֵ̱δǸõġ
Сӻ棬ֽڣóǺܳϲģֵֻһŮضǰ䱦ѡϣ϶ʮֵΪﻮ
δķٲҲȥɸֻҪԼųۣżҲγԿࡣ
ǻǰ־壬Ӿͺˡ
ԪŶһ֪С᲻һҪأ
¬ɣЦȲÿļױôˡǲȥˣ¬˻˰ɡ
ԪҲЦСסҲ룬Ϊˡ
¬ʳÿĩһǹ̶Ъҵգʳմȣҷżһա
һ¬ɣҲаˣȥݼ¬ˡ
ɻ󣬾Ϳʼæʳ飬ʵ¬ȻĹ裬¬ɣҲãǱϾԭöû棬裬¬ɣ¬˲ǣΪҲû볣ȥ¬ˡ
¬ˣֶŮһذӹԳЪҵ¬ɣȥ¬.
û
Ң·ϵˣǣ¬ɣԼһӣȥ
ݼ¬˺óԼԼĸ㣬賢
¬˿Ż״ɵĸ㣬ЦӾ;úóԣɣ˼
ЦѵôÿҶ᲻¿ڡģȥݺò
Ƭ˲¬ɣӹһڣȵë裿
Цԣë裬ȥˮˮģôζܴɣòˡ
Ŵ˽ţøˮѩˮв裬žøӴ
¬ɣҲûȥʲôϸϸǾȣʵϸƷζ
Ͼ̫ԶϾк裬ԭСʱڸϾһ˺üꡣ¬ûϾɼضΪ¬ɣ׼ë衣
Ȼ¬ɣ˵úȣ¬̷ԸߵȥѲҶˣ¬ɣؼʱȥ
¬ɣæƴǣøһɡ
¬ЦǼһȸȲߡҲΪøһǣ˼Ͼ㸸׵ĺѣ˵㸸Ǯʦүν˼Ҷ͸øøˣҲʡİװ˷ѡ
ŴǼ̷õȵеĲΪһ壬ɶҪܣɶҪһˡǾĻǮȵʦүЭһص
Ǯʦү¬ɣĪһ
ʱ¬ΪߴÿͻȻʧ٣ǮʦүЭصĲ˰ȵ
֪¬򰸷ʱ̹ӵĸڲϣûйϵ¬ɣС
װµӣڵԭ
˵Ǹ̹ӽҲˣ鷿˵ƺϲ˵ҪǼס¡
¬˵ϲѧĶˡ̹ǸӣϽûеýʿڶ꣬ĵˣ괺Ǽпܿнʿ
˵źؿֶŮһۣ̫ϧˡ̹һ˲ţֶŮҲ䣬ϧһȷʵûԵ֡
˵ŻŮƿӽ˵ˣү˳̹鷿緹౸ˡ
¬˵ȥүġ
Ůûߣ̹Ҫݼʦĸүū澴³̹Ӿ⹧򡣡
¬üѾͷ£ôÿõȣæȥ̹ӽݡ
¬ɣӣ㣬ȥһܰɡ
˱ܵ档
̹ӸŮܵ¬Ҿʰ
¬𻰡
̹ӵö磬¬ɣлķ϶̹ӡ
̹Ӵһ·ȻţٶòϿǸƤҲܲˡ
ֻ¬ɣų̹ӣôһ˿죬ȷԼûм̹ӣôֻһֿܣԭ̹ӡ
ҲǶֵ飬̹ӵĸ¬Ǻѣ¬£ô˵Ůкܴܼ档
¬̹Ӻ˼䣬鷿ˣȻ֣ǳɡ
ҿ̸̹²Ҳ£ڼһͬ鵹ǼõġҲǽʿأָǡ
¬Ц̼ھм׾ģ˼ҪȥݼסҲһ
ĸŮó̹Ӳ
¬˽¬ɣû˵ʵɣôˣ
¬ɣҡҡͷû¶裬λ̹ӵĸҸ׵Ǯʦүʲôʱ飬ҾȻһӡûУЩ档
¬˵㸸θߴĵ̹꣬ӵĸ׿ʿУ˼СͶĸף㸸Ǯʦүı˳·ż뿪û뵽һʱ䣬㸸׾ѣ޳
¬ʮꡣ
̹ӵĸ뿪ߴغһڲŷֿʧԵ飬ô˵ƺ̹ӵĸ޹ء
¬ɣʣô̹ӵĸڹԱӺδҪھǣҺȥݼϾǸ׵ѡ
¬˵̹ӵĸڰ츮֪

 65 £׽棩

֪ǴƷƷĹԱ, ִ൱һег̹ӵĸ뿪ߴı·Ҳ̶̼ʱ䣬ͻ쵽λ, ʮ, ҪԾ˵ݡ
Ƕ츳˰
ȻҲֻ¬ɣòԾ¬Ңô̹ӣ˵̼ҵĹϵӦǶԳ̹ӵĸûлɵġ
¬ɣɻһ¬˵Ц
װԳ̹ӸȤӣЩ̼ҵĻ
̹ӽʮˣһ֣δȢףҲûж˼, СǼ, һ·, ͯš˶˳˳, ֻ˿ʿϣؿ꣬, ƱҪһٵǿơ
ĸ䣬ԼǸ, ̵ܽӣǰ˳ǣһǰݻᾩĹԱ˲żüãĻڶ࣬д¡
¬˸̹̾һ˲, Ǵ˴˽ʿǰ;
˵˵ȥû˵¬ɣҪĻصڳ̹㡣¬ЩۣϾǫϽ治ֱڻǸҢ˹Ӽ飬̹ͣӻҪЩ
ù¬ǲ¬ɣر
ţֻһڣ˻ûдӹԪȥˣҲûл
¬ɣͷԼ¡
ҵԵ磬컹ûȫڣ߻õ̫Ӱӡ¬ɣվһ£ҳǰĲݻӣԺǽ£Ȼٽˮ
ǰԺӻϾס˵ķ񣬼ʵΪ˭Ҳû˼ȥװԺӡҺúԺһüֵĹÿ컹ζǣ̫ˡ
ǰû¬ɣȻҪڵúÿһ㣬ǽľܣǾޱǾޱ˵ͳ˻ǽˣ붼ҲһЩӦĻҲУޱҪͷף쵡
ԺﻹԷˮ˯𣬿տյֻ뻭ü
ԺѾڹͼˣ˼ѾΪʵ
ֱűƿ׻߽¬ɣȻѽԺģҪװ޿϶Ҫʹ˼
ǰʵʲô
¬ɣʣµĻֻ̯ղǽӡ
Цðȵ˻ͻֻҪ鷳ˣΪҲ̫͵ջȥ궬ûȥѾˡ
ʮľջѾˡ
¬ɣ֪˵ʲôˡ
׻εǻ̫ߣ˲УҲУˮʩҲнʵźԴûǻǶʡ˺ôġ
׻ϴθԪ˵ǷغԪ¬ɣ׻ÿμ¬ɣЩڡС˰ˣɫǻġ
ɿ¬ɣǴ˵飬ȻһԸһԸôͲˣȥˡ
ΪԴºԪ˵˵ЦЦⶼһˣӲǱӣ۾۾ģû׻Ҳյúܡ
¬Ӷڣ׻ٲҲκϣ˵껰һܣˣʲôԵģ
¬ɣǽ˵ʵҢ˷򸾻𣿡
¬ɣǺܺá
˵˸¬ɣһͬŰݷã¬ɣƲߵĹϵԼҲ׽Ծûȥ
¬Ң򸾲ϲΪ¬ɣңҲһ֮仰û
¬ɣʣµ꣬ȻʵԺǽǾޱôü𣿡
ðʲô㣬üվͿԴֻϲúÿĻģ
¬ɣЩѵǶһӣ
һһϸ˵ƯƯ
¬ɣ˰죬ֵʵ֮غһǲҪˣ
ȱһܽܡ
Цãұ֤һöƯĻü㡣
¬ɣôһ̲סȭͷȥļ
ЦݲֹΪΪ
׽ЦڳĴڿһĻʮοֶһ˿Ե˺
ٻͷ⣬ʱûθڡڽӹܳÿķˡ
ֻ˵Ǽҳб˵ķ緶ռⶼǺˬĵĴ⣬ֻһȷ˵ս⣬ֻҪ⣬ֻһ뽴⣬ͲὫгϸϸ˿͡ƾˣʵС۲ˣһ۵۲˿
軹ڵشС׹ӣҸʢ뷹
׻ָŹռʵҲ𣿡
裺˳ԲôģȻҪôҸ¸棬Ҫô˻᲻һԵġ
׻۾һˣþûг¬Ĳˡæռۼˣ״ˣ԰ɡûûζģǰɣˣ
˵⻰ʱʹɫ͵ûͦã嵭ҲɹҪǳԲ£ת¥ֹ¥־ڻûЪҵóԵĶš
׻οѽĶûзĺóԡ˾Ǽ򵥵ҲȹĶóԡζٳһطĸ齴
¬ɣ׻ûʲô٣ʱ˷ˣ׻α߳Ա߿䣬ΪһӼأʱֻ䵭пɡˡ
ͳ׻δôʺƨķϣ¬ɣЦҵտɱȲ򵥵ļ˻ģ齴̫鷳Ҹıġ
׻δϲ˸Ҿмм
ɫ̫ˣ¬ɣҲ̫ڣ˸㣬ʵﳴɣʳ㹽˿档
׻ûڵس޺óԡ
˲ãԪҲˣһС׻ۼ⣬¿ӣȥ
ףͦʲô˵߳ڴ
Ұˣ
Ԫ۵Ұˣóأ
׻̲סҰ˿úܣˮҲһӿζ
Ԫ¬ķӲԣҽ¶һָǿ㣬С⽰ɡ
¬ɣһҰˣϲͷãʣµõʳȥ
ȥ¥Ұ˵飬ʱΪԼãʵԲŽҰ˶˳ȥ׻οв֪ʱǴҰ˶ˡ
ʵǰôҰ˵ģ
׻εԣȥǴҸҲȫˮ裬Ǹ˸ൽˮƫƫֻд˲ųԵ£Ƕ
嵭Ƴһۣ׻תƻ⣬ر볢Ұˣ϶Ǽζġ
¬ɣЦе˾ǰζ࣬˵ڹ㶫ǱߣһֹߣΪϣרȡζ˶ϲ
һ磬¬ɣԪˣҪ緹ŪһҰ硣
˶飬ڣС⽣ѹӢ΢ôЩùˮˣ裻лһҲˣۣһӣһҲ˷ͳˣԪߣ˲ǮһǮϴ׷ۣǮһμӼȣ͹һǮͱǼҷ˻ȵңٷ۵ҰˣһҰ
ˣһҰ緹ˡ
¬ɣȥ׼ֵܹ緹⻹ûأ׻εЦˣӦòȥˡ
˵žͰѲ˶˵׼
¬ɣһСƵǰЦˣ
΢Цлζ
¬ɣü㶼ûô֪
óֻһɫζѾ߱һζ
״ʢС⽣⽵Ƥܱ͸¶˵õɫƮżϲˡϲл¬ɣûﶼǣӯӯģɷǺÿ
ĽһҰ綼ԵĸɸɾΪӣ¬ɣúгɾ͸С

ĺʱڣŽء¬ɣʹ˻⡣ľȡõȵЩǿʳĵģǾͿʼƻ⡣ϵʻԪɩǒȻʻʻһƳ˲ٿ˹
⼸է仹¬ɣһСľأֻеԣŶԹ˿͸̬ȣȥԼǰ꣬ʹʳԺϢԪҲɼʱȥ
һȲ裬һ߷飬ͼԪ߽㣬иҪ㡣

һ֪ĸ
¬ɣʣûбţ
Ԫ˵ճ̣һ֣˵ǽϾʱľʶʶ𣿡

벻Ȼˡ
¬ɣҸϾߴǸʱĸҸ׵һʦүǾʶɡ
¬ɣû쾮ʯ£ԪȲͲˡ
¬ɣȥǰæɡ
ԪŵУʲô¾ͽһҶʹһõ
Цˣãúܹ㡣
˿ھͽãֵͬ¬ɣʮ磬¬ɣϸԭļ䣬ȷʵڸߴüǹٻ˼ңŮҲ˶ĳϼ棬˽¼ʱ
ģѧҲеģԭӼ٣ԶԳмӡ
΢΢һЦֿɻã
Һܺáأ
¬ɣҲˣ
һٻǧоһСʳΪڳ¬Сֻǹǿѡ
겻¬СȻǵˣֻ֮⣬򶨣Ҫòһģһֱһһ
޲̾һ꣬ñ࣬Ϊֲ㶼ʶˡҪżȻѾ˵С飬һδ֪Ҳ⾩ǡ
ԭҴ̽Ϣġ
¬ɣ±ǨҪǻһ㣬Ҳͻȥˡ
ȻѾ˵ˣҸ׵ʱҲǵòˣ෽ͬѣֻǵ׻˵С⣬ҲϾֻûѰˣ֪С㰲Ȼ֮ŮڣҸ׿Էˡ
лġ
ؿ
׻һѶѣ¬ɣӦ˵ĻʮۣҲֻܴӦԳ
˵ҸʱҲǹ˸ߴغںδ߾ͣӿɻã
ЦҸΰ츮֪ӿһжá״żС뿪ߴأͶһͨʹˣҸ׵ͨʹʶĳ˼ʵ£ܺãתȥ˰츮
¬ɣҹ¬˵ִ˷ΪĴǡ
ҪҸ׵˼ǰ˲żüãҲ֪ߵغ񡣡
ֹˣø˵ֵѳɻ˴δǱеġ
С㼪ˡ
׻˵ˣҲûʲôõϢ¬ɣҲ޻˵ˡ
˵ˮ©ǸˣѾҴ̽ˣҲһ֪һλָ֪ͬ
ֻһ㶼ûб¶һֱݶԴ¬ɣ
¬ɣͿˣջЩ飬Ͳˡ                        
лҪ˵

 66 

Ц, ֻһһ߶š
¬ɣüȵͿˣѵҪԼĿ˵ˡ
Ҽǵ¬, ڸߴʱ, װĲ飬һļǹ±֪ǷСУܷһ
¬ɣһ㶣̶Ц˵ЦˣʱҸױѺؾѶ֮УֻüʰһЩ, һŶ, Ǳļ˭Ҳ֪
õĲǹڿ, һʲ, µлˮǮĬϵĹأԼ۵ĴĽŶڼȵȾǳҹٲصȻŶ, ҲҲ˵
Ȼ״ԭ, ʵź
˵⻰ʱ鲢ź¬ɣϸϸ鿴顣
ָо¬ɣܲ΢΢Ц̹ӻʲô𣿡
վЦ¬ɣ˵, Ҹáס˷ͬҪȥѰңֻҪΪð쵽ضΪЧ֮͡
¬ɣǣл
ָ֣ͣǣ
ˣԪŲ㣬˿ƽ׽ˣʵúܣദ෴ǿŲദʵӴ˾ͻá
ò˵Ԫĸоܶԣ߰ޡ
ԪŴʰĲߣҿ¬ɣŵλ̹ӹûȣоСĲ費أ˷ǵò裬´ֱӸϲҶĲˮ
¬ɣЦа
ԪǲȵģϲҶˮҲˣ˴úûҲǹٶ𣿡
ղŵĴִĻ˵Ǵúܿ
һ֯ƶн£ϵ˵ĵһӡǳĹӸȻȱɶɶĸ״һСͶʱĸߴ¬ʱɲ¬ɣ뼸ļ棬ʱǴͨ
ڳĴŲǸ˵ڸЩ
¬ɣҡҡͷ˵Ǹ֪
סӽµЩߣԪһСʲôĹٵ˾Ҳ˵ԼٴǸ֪Ķء
ʵ˵ҲûʲôԪĸоǲá
ɩ߽ԪĻЦǸɵѾͷ֪ɲǸС٣ܵĵط֪ʮҵڻ£ǵĹٶȻ벻֪
Ԫţƾ֪˽Ҳõģ֬࣡
ɩ̾һĸٵĶģ
ԭھʮĶأһһŮĿ֮ڣͿϸɣӹȥôĳλٿһƬأҪޱԷֱӰѵظռȥɩŶӳı
ִʱûܸı䣬ıɡ¬ɣЩٶǵǹܲţҲû취ȥܣ°ʳ꾭Ӫò£ȥɣҪãÿ¶ж⽱
һ˵Ƕ⽱ɩѹЦɲǣµӲ¬ӣ˵ء
ԪûԼˣȥǰæ
ɩܸǷҪ¬ɣ˵飬Ǹᵱ̵ƹĹʳʱ˳飬¬ɣ̹Ӽ棬ɩڲ˵
ᵱƹ˵аƣ緹
ûⰡ
൱ִ˾ĺз¬ʳǷҪͻǾǵͨգǲʮָУҲ̫Ǯȥ¥ԷֱСõѡ
ᵱƹ˵̵̫æ˷ʱ䣬ÿѳԵȥ
¬ɣ룬Ҳɡᵱʳ겻Զ͹ȥ£ȥûСɩĲƷˮƸᵱƹԼÿĲˣȻҪС
ɩУ
¬ɣ룬ϧŴûһ꣬ȻҵǿԷ󡣿תһ룬ŴϾִͬ߶ȷʹһ꣬ҵҲǷչġ
ôᵱⵥҵǽˡƹĺˬ죬ûΪ˶ѹۣһ˷ѡ¬ɣҲСÿѵ
ѧᵱ¬ʳͲͣеѹۣеĲԸ⸶˷ѡ¬ɣһױ׼Э
һȻʧһ⣬ǶʳӰ΢΢
¬ɣû뵽󸻱ʳÿȶĽˣ˵ѾǷˡûб˵Ĵʱʱ߶¬ɣһȵĸо
Сعšྩྩ֮˿ɲԸ߼ܲס̾⵽˱ٳµв
˽սʤ١Ƕˮݻߣȱʳ巸¬ɣżľս֮С
һڵģɩΪȻʳԷʳżˣʹһ٣پǱӿˣΪж֮أôҲ򲻵
¬ɣֻԼſģһı߹صս飬һ߾ǮɻƽղأϾʲôʱ򣬽ӶӲͨ
֪뷨ȴûЦ죬Ƭ̵δǺ£Ͼ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô顣
¬ɣһʵǹҵıʿôãڿȱ㲻Ѿʮôͻˣ
εʮܻʮǺõģʵֵһڻ˽⣬ʣµĲᣬʣ޼
ⶼʲô¶
¬ɣֱƲסԼˡ
˷ķң΢ЦĿǰ˵ǻǱȴطȫ̫֮ˣЩ˭Ҳ޷ƣ㰲Ĵʳ꣬鲻òģһжҡ
ᶨºͣĪ˲ŷ¬ɣصͷڽõص뷨
ҲУʵϱȷʵҪЩ׽ȥæ
ˡ¬ɣæ˵̫鷳ˣԼ
ͷЦ
¬ɣЦʲô
鷳²٣һ
¬ɣ죬ûҪ鷳㣬Ҫġ
ããҴˣˡļǸŮ¶в㣬׽ֻ˳Ϊ֮ҲϱߵɽˮãǸϵĺõطҲðһӼĶءϲϾݣطҲУ
¬ɣ룬ϲϾ
ǺǾϾõء˵֪ϲӻľܽضԲԣʱԺӻǽּľܽأйϵĹˣһһ굤𣬻ʲôأ
¬ɣĹסˣ̵ԺҪû٣ҪѾơ
û⡣                        
лҪ˵

 67 £׽棩

׽ȥϾð췿
׽ʵ˿Ҫϱõ𣿡
ͷ, ӽ£֮أǱϾϺ, ϾЩ, ҲЩȿкʵˣպõϡ
׽Ȼ׹
һΪ¬ӣ¬ӴСϾһ󣬴˱ضΪ¬ӲϾõء
׽ƹ꣬ϵ˵ֻ»ܼ, طֹ, ĺõͱ׺Ǹռд, вٽϰʧ, ֻıǻѰúʵġ
ҪǷͨϣѰ, ָ֪ͬݣѰʵĵ, ֻʱ⡣
̫̾ȿŰɡ
ؿ϶ٲӣ¬ɣʳһ±õӣȫۺϽӽ׽
׻һ߿֣һСϻĽ۾, ĴָάӪʳ겻һôǮöˣ
¬ɣ䣬ǹ٣ǮɣЩ̰ڵǮܱȣܱȡ
ܺó׽ܹܣ׼˶ӣ
ǲȳӻ¬ɣ롣
׽Ц˻ûаӽң㲻ֱʴˡ
ʲôͻȻ߽
¬ɣҲģֱӵѼҲãҾ֪ǮõعǲȳһЩ㡣
˫ڹ۾¬ɣЦлģǲȷʵҪ鷳㡣
¬ɣˬû⡣
ʱ׼ֵܶסˣ⻹ǵĴôôô̹Ȼ˵ϱױǮ顣
ֵʲô𣿡
û£û¡ֵһҡͷ˵
ȴ׽̾¬ǸͻݵķˣûȢˡ
ͷܰѼױǮóҵŮӶǼͻݣ̵ģʶ׽ô˵
˷ܺãԺԲõˡ
׻ͷǰǰǮƾ¬ӿǮãɼԴ֮
׻ǻڲãԼµԪ¬˶Ԫˡ

ļڣˮݷ߾ĺӺù࣬ټ֮ʹ˲ʳˣ߾ȥﶬȶˡ
¬ɣһæʳ顣ˣʲ̲˵˱٣ǷĿ˱ࡣǵ¾ǿʼˣֵ˵˵ʱ
ʲ̲׼ķٵԭ֮һصڸǷϡ¬ɣڸǷպС˵ģʽרŶһɫСС˵ӣʢϲˣѡ
һ˵࣬ǮǰǮҲЩ
ĴȻŸپŴ׸ΪȻǷúãǹ˿һֱȶ
һ߹¬ɣӣѣֱӹڵſ𣿡
¬ɣһ£ŵںԺɣЩݵȼԺӽѬһѬ
椡һҵطȥѡ
Ԫ£֣һѸɰݣȥѬݣ
¬ɣʧЦѾûôͳĹˣִʱڶ˵첻ϰļڣȥʱʳſŲãĶϣҲϾ˼
²ԼҲˣһ֧ëʣȻȥһۻƾƳ֣
Ԫ椲֪ԣ߹վ¬ɣǰԪʣʲô£
аħ
˵꣬ëպۻƾƣڴ椶ϻһ֣ԪѸ٣˻ûзӦѾˡ
Ԫѽһ㣡
¬ɣЦ
Ԫһ椣ץסҲһ
椴֣ʹͷԪһ׽ס¬ɣֱš
ɩԼ飬Ժ֣ƺԼʱ飬Цأ
ɲǣ¬ɣҲʮꡣ
ȻмվǶˣȻٲӡ̣һطһֱеĿζ޷ı䣬¬ɣڰӵıӻĺܺãǺϡʶѡ
ֿζɳࡢ춹գǴͷʣµĺӲͷ
ʵԼһΪաӣ㣬ˣһҲ鷳ճɻңϿˮɻٰѾõӷһҹóͳɡϧͿϧҲɵѽֻա
ӿ϶Ҫ׼ϣҶࡢɳ廨ȣȻڴ֮ǰиҪһȰ͡
¬ɣ̯ӶһͣȼˮһѩϸͣȻٿʼ涹
¬ɣм˺ͣࡢɳϣõ󣬸ӻǹؼһͷǴ˼ңͨһ굽ͷܳԵģˮûӯ࣬Ȼϡż͵ӡ
¬ʳĸϸӰСĽգǱضеĳ״Բ׶״
ɩǰӵĸֺ֣¬ɣʾԵİһĽպ˾ܰһģһģԪ׾ĲÿԾһߴ֡
˺飬ȫҪ¬ɣģ¬ɣѪճƬ«ҶСϸ˿«˿ָⷭ裬ܿһСɾµ«ҶԾȻУһʮȻݸԪ
ԪУһЦԵˣ㣬ǹĵĴڣôһ֪ӵģ
¬ɣ˵ʲôԪ͵ŵŵȥˡ
ʳȺ¬ɣհóһЩɩؼң˷׷˵ô˼أɡ
¬ɣЦˣ͵ǸǴɡ
˵лӻؼˡ
æ⼸ζҹ˲ųмվڹֵҹѾǰ¬ɣ˵Ҫڹֵҹ¬ɣԪˣ򵥵ù椹غŴȻԪ˱
˳·׼ʱ¬ɣԪ˵·ˣ͵Ӱɡ
ԪȻΪϴε׻Σﲻò׼ֵܻǺܲˣͷ߽ţ˿ϵ
ܿžͿˣ׻һ۾ǿӣϲл˵ӣ
Ԫ죺ɱ飬һⲻ͸أ
׻Цض͸ҡ
Ԫһƫƫ͸ˣ
׻ί̣ѾǸˣ㻹Ҫôǰ͵ҹȥԺ󶼲вУ
ԪǸãҪʲô
¬ɣûסꡱһЦԪһţЦ˵ӾͽˣأȻȥˣԸԸС״ˣԼ
ԪҪȥ׻ӡ
ʲô
ûʲô
˳ֵ¬ɣȻһĪϤС
Ԫ׻˱ŤŤͳ˹ϵֲǲãദʵֿŮദĸо
¬ɣȥʲôƾȻչɡ
ûãԪֿտҲ¬ɣЦˣ
Ԫ£ԵõĶûУҴ󷢴ȱˡ
¬ɣζءŶһ
ԪĪ죬ͷһǰߡ
¬ɣ㣬ȵҡ
Ǻʱĩģǵգžҹ紵Ҷɳɳ죬ֻżȮԺӣȴݵĵƹ⻹ţ߹ȥ
µ죬Ҳͦˡ¬ɣ̰˴ӣڵˡÿĿϰߡʳÿյˮ٣٣Щ˸ܻӭж˰Աﶼһ׵ˡ
ţԴͿʼ³ſ˯ˡ
ӴӾͿľһ龰¬ɣֱϣ΢΢ſ˯
µСӡ
ʧЦŽȥҼѸϣŰ·ļͷ¬ɣˣ۾Ǿس˿㰡ղŵˣһΪС͵ˡ
ŵˣҲá
¬ɣڰ֣û£û¡Լ̫ˣǽָ֪ͬլۡǴ⻹أĸ۵С͵Ҵѽ
Ŵΰ˵Ϻãǰסڶңʳʱ¬ɣ˯˯̫̤ʵÿ»ҪǵΰТӣָ˼ѲʱܶʳǱȥϣһ˯ðȡ
ײǵͷϣΪָ֪ͬһװӣƽʱҪǰ׼ֵһסʱûаլӣ׼ֵܰȥ󣬿ǵլסĶǸ棬ͰլӣһʱʱΪլѲߣ֮ܣ˵ֻӬɲ
£¬ɣȻ˯ðȣղǻлһΣһʱûзӦŵˣƽľйôˣ˵Ҫڹֵҹ𣿡
Ҫֵҹʱб£ҪֵҹҾͻˡ
ʳָϵ˵㣬Цû뵽˯㡣볳㣬Ϸûܴӣ˯
Ļ¬ɣûֻע⵽ĶæȥԼգȻӡӦǸղֱ˯ϵӡϡ
Щ˼Ŀ̲סŲϣղ˯ûˮҪǱˣˡ
¬ɣŬװʲôûҲ⿴ȡĬһת⣬̸Ͼõص顣
׽˵˼լӣֻǶûرʵġ
¬ɣûϵ̫
¬ʳھǿһ꣬˵ȶȥ˹̶ĿԴ¬ɣᵽϾȥҲ᲻ùʳ꣬ҪǮ˵
һ䣬ͻȻһ
оٱʹ̰ɼ飬ᵳӪ˽ϲ飬Ҳı˾ʽİʱиĸ¬ǣ˳ȥܹΪĸϴԩ                        
лҪ˵

 68 

ܹΪ¬ϴ, ¬ɣǸ˵ģȻ¬Ůռ˼Ů, ǰв, ʵû취˵п¬򷭰ȻҪһ
ûʲôҪҰæģ
˵Ϊܺ˼ԩ֤ʲôġ
ȥԴ²ܼҪӳ飬һܴݾߡʱʲôǰһʲôʲô
¬ɣһܿ, , ҪŪҵͷ
ŴķͺŪ, ٱ˿ɲִһͺˡ
ǵ׻һ, û䵽ͷϣ˳Ŷͷӣ촽ϻ
ָܵһ, Ȼá
¬ɣߣȥ, ǿһͷߣֻˣһǿŪͷˣ
۾˵á
רעᣬӳ¬ɣĵӰ¬ɣĲÿЩ, ѽһôҿʲôǲϲˣ
ŻعƿĿ⣬
ҽǰ˲֪¬ɣͻȻȻ򣬿ԷΪͱ˭ƤˣҲ˵˾䡰ǲϲˡͲҿˣ¬ɣЦ
ٴȤ䣬ֻ˵ʹ̫ʦһһ⣬һô׶Ըġ̫ʦȻڻƴȨǻѶ˲ؾ
¬ɣӡ˲ӲӲڳϸ̫ʦͷʵ̫ʦʮ̫ʦûùͬ˼ʵ۱㽫ԶԶرˡ
˵ӲҲԭģǰҸ̫ʦıͷĴ󳼣ɱˣֻסһ
¬ɣ²⣬Ϊʵ۶̫ʦĲԲס
ǶʵûһøС
ȥʱ˵̫ʦõˣⶼһȥˣ̫ʦúõ׸أ
Ŵ򿪣Ȼ¬ɣ˵λֲˣӦģҩԵͣʼЧڽûʲôЧ
¬ɣ۾ɵԲԲͬС̾λǸˣ
ɲǸô
Ӻõʱ㾡һʣɾܣδز֪̫ʦЩ¶̫ʦᴧ⣬˳źģָĴģܸʷɹٶʵ۲᲻̫ʦء
ȵˣнľһݼܹˣϻʵۿʼںҪ̫ɣ˭Ҳ뱻ϻʵʱˣڰ̫ʦ͢ͷŴٰеĻ̫ʦһƣΪ͢Ϊһ£ⲻһ
̣̫ʦϻʵԼŪ
¬ɣ˵Ҫϻʵӻ᲻Ҫ̫ʦأȻȥһôġˡ
ϻʵ壬Ȼ̫ʦҲǸõģҰװױרƵû
ǱΪ飬ٺʲˡ
˶ģ
¬ɣļ򣬳ͬؿ
ôһ߷̣ˡ
¬ɣԼϵֻȣƺļ
ûб˰ɣϢˡ
¬ɣסһ¡
ѳڹҼȥʳҹҡ˵ûʲôֵģֻĸҸĻǮʦүͶһλʹżĹ򣬾Ȼ˰츮֪λáҲ֪ûйϵǾﲻ
¬ɣɳ̸ͬߴÿԵйأȴûκ֤ݣƾݣҲܲ鵽֤ݣ¬Ң򸾶˵ѹġ
ظ˵еĴʯ£¬ɣһȴȻһ¡
ԭ֪Ѿɿֵεˣȫȫܵġ
ЩҲֻҸһ˵
㣬ҪЩҪһ˼һȥ飬ͲҪ̽ˡض
¬ɣһЦãҶġ
ȥҹˣȥ˯ɣٿ˱ˡ
¬ɣá
ţߴıӰůů̲סֶ˸ġ
ǡʱͷ¬ɣϽջ֣־̫ˣǳӻ֣Ц

¬ɣվæʳ⡣
ڹһձһȣȥ÷֭ˣ
ڴһı÷ϵܡ
¬ʳ÷𴦲ͬɫдƢһƳ̾ȡ̲λ¬ɣͬʱҲƳ̲裬ţټǣεڻѾʳϣȻʱ÷ǰ·磬ǳȶ̲衣
߷ţֺ裬ǣ˵ĿζǼ¥ӭ¥Ĺǵ
ǧ壬¥Ժӭ¥ҲǾ¥ʵ˼˹ݣ벻
¥¥ֲ̫ԶǶ̵ζǮУȥ붬ʳ̲ѵĴ󻧡ʼǲСѾͷ򣬺ĶˣֻСѾͷ˵һ¬ɣ˰̲ȥ
÷ˬڿθ·¬ʳ꣬˶һȣԷ˸ϲһ÷֮ȶظ¬ɣСǮǮ
ڼûٹһ¬ɣ֮ˡ
һûмˣͦģֻҪǿѰңҪټһҲ׵顣
ͳ¬ʳʱɴк椲ʶԪʶһ۾ϳ͵Сͷ
Ĵȥ¬ɣүˣ֪Ҫʲô
¬ɣ¶ͣԪõģȿʲô
ԪһٴеģЦˣصģǱˡ
Ԫ˲˱Ĵָ֪ͬˣµҲˣ㣬ȱܣȥҪǵǳԷҲͰˣҪ飬ǿɲǺǵġ
¬ɣܵԺڵҹӲԷģԪӭƤЦⲻЦӴⲻǴĶүôԷҪʲ̲ˣСˣ
촽⶯ʣɣɣ
ԪһĵĿʲô黹ȸ˵ɡ
ͺܼҪ顣
Էĵ㣬һſڣӰⲻ˵˽ԪֻȴȥԺ
¬ɣͣȻ˾ˣżɽʲô£
ϴһϴ÷׵ɫֱ֣·ɾŬֱҪԼ档
˵Ķˡ
¬ɣܿ췴Ӧ
ĸ׾ͽ䡣

 69 

ʲô, 겻ɢ
Դϴ¬ɣҲûˣΪԼ, û뵽Ȼҵͷϡ
¬ɣ͡
, ӣһͷ׵ͷźᣬڵӣ˭Ҳ벻ǸŵүȻһúܲá
߲ƣҲþʲôˣ¬ɣ鵭ģ͵һ, ȴͺĻ
ɫ, ˲ϺȲ, ԭǮʦү, ʲôˣһҪճ̵ģ
ԭڸߴʱԭС, ǸŮ¬ܶ鶼ûи˵, ڵ¬ɣһͷˮﾯȴΪȻ
˭֪˵Ǽ٣һ̼Һıأ
ǶЩ˺ˣĶ⡣˵¬ϣԸŵֻһˡ
¬ɣڸߴʱ, ̼Ҹӣ̲ҵͬѣţҵҲ׿ڿ޹˸ƾ޾ȥڮ˼أ
ͼúĴȣɣ׾˾ˣôһˣ
¬ɣóŶ͡
סˣŵҶԲԲ㡣ճ̵һ˶ʲôˣǵǵĵǱ
¬ɣͷ˲Ҷĵʣʲô
ͻһգվɰŸ˸С̯˿дţȻһӷϡ
дһҲʮͭ壬էȻӣ̧ͷȴǸʶĽ¹ӡ
ӣЦӣòôࡣ
¹ӵкüҪ鷳д
⹫ͨһҹӣǲʶֵӣͷɣȴûжʣҪдʲô
¹ӵҸҺȱ裬ٴдŰɡ
ҲλдŵݱȽ˽ܣڴ֮ͥ˵룬ӵķϣʰֽʣԱˮͷ̯ӣŽ¹ȥ˸һľĲҡ
˲ң¹ߵСţŽҾͺˣˣһ¡
סȥ·ЦЦȻˣȱɡ
ףⱭ裬ǲҲúȡ
ۼûˣ¹ӣżɽԱţճ̣һҸ¬ͬһƵľˣ˽ܺáҸ׵¬ʮѹ෽ѣֻϧûܰæҸһֱָ˼һ⣬˴ҽѰ¬ˣ¬ڵܣʲôܰæģҲ˼Ҹһ׮¡
Դǿ󣬶ͷȴ󺧡
֪ճ̵һˡ
ǸδоٵţǴǰ̸¼ʶм֡¬ΪӵĹϵ޵ܹܺģƵ
¬ż丸ӣûʲôᡣżͶʹ¾ûôˣǳ˸õǰ;ʵϳΪߴǮʦүϣܻ̰ۣ·һС¬¬յ˳䡣
ǻӸߴسȥģгǸڸߴʱĽύȨӦ츮һλ˵ĺãλһʹ
Щ˵ġ
˵ÿڸһһ󱭲ˮճ̵˲Ű꣬ÿʧˣճ̵ǮʦүѲ˸ϵǳ˵ʵٰ׻֪֪̽
¬ɣһ裬ʱؽһ䣬˸λģ
װɵɻȥġǣһĺᾢװͷòѾ̽¬飬װһŲ֪߶߶ظ˵ѹĽҲȻ̼ǽĺѣôӾõİæ
һ̰óòУҪĵϵģ¾͵ճųļûӡ
֮ǰóһСƵǰҲüգʱŰɡ
ô˼˵ƴǵĻ¸ɾ߬һΪڳһġ
ҲûȣСˡ
¬ɣͻȻҪִ;Ӱ۵ѡ
˼ңôһͨŪɹ˳ԼϴαֿɲôãڳڰĻ⡣
ǿž˾˵Ļ˰ɣʡ
¬ɣš
ͷʹ⺢ӣ˾ǰǶԲ㡣Ҹղ˵ǧȷ
¬ɣһǾ仰ƾ޾ݣƾʲô˼ң̼ҹøҢ˽ãҵϱҪǳ̼⣬ô᲻֪
ҢҲڹٳϻˣӦ̼ø߱ˡҪǵ򲻵ѵ£ҡ
¬ɣüëһץס򲻵ѡĸ֣һ׷ʣҵôģûʲô
¬򲢷úˣĴ·񣬿ܻʲôҲһŮǸµĹʣûиŮ˵δزЩʲô
Ŀ˸ǲҿ¬ɣ۾Ҳ˵
¬ɣˣ˸֮ǰѾڳǰԼժȥˣҲǣ㽫ҵµĶдŶңͲùˣԼãұ֤ǣ˸һ˿һ
ʹͷǲ˵
¬ɣֱ챻ˣ̲סȣѵһϵĴһ£һ
¬ɣʲôǸЩʲôҲûеĻУҸ׵İҲ֪˰ɣҪȥ˾źȺȲʲôġڼ˽ָ֪ͬСӦûġ
ввˣ鶯ˡ
˸ҵûпɣǰ㵱׽εˣԲҪĹͷ顣ҵЩ꣬ƾͿˣϧһΪŰգ˾ϲҲݣֻΪϴԩ飬ЩԼ˸ֻ轫Žҡҵиʲô
ͨ죬ѣֳºд飬Ѻպǲܻڸģȥ
¬ɣֱҡͷĲ֪˵ʲôˡ¬ôô棬˼ҵİѱַŻɽ⻢ﲻ޵ʱʱ̶̿㡣
¬ɣҲֶΪʲôֱڲ˵Ͼ˶ܺģҶͲǸȨƵ¬ʱܾǶóȥҲûʲôãһԼȥ
أ˸ڲںδ
ûˣˡ
¬ѺڽگǸʲôطȥ˼Ͳܻų͵ʱ㷲Ͽߣ˽¬ĵͳͳյ
ͰѳϵУһյˡ
ɣʵǲѰĲ뾲ӣۺǰֻԼҿ϶Ϊ㸸ԩҲܲܺӡͼΪԼ⡣
¬ɣʧ
ΪѾͬˣû뵽ͻǶ͡ڸԼҲǵճ̵ĻͷҵͷϣϷŹ
¬ʶˡ
丸ˣųҲͬˡ

 70 

¬ɣĬ, £һ磬̼Ͷ˲ʹ, ʹھлиĿɽ, ǲ𰡡Щż黹ţʵҲûʲôá˭֪̫ʦһ죬ӱȻʵۼҵĻ࣬ͷ˭㽲֣ʵûа취Ѱɣ˵ʵڵģҾһͨСϰգҲðЩиң, ǹøǹӼ˾ҵ, ŸЩ
¬ɣŭЦ, ˵ҵĴˣ
ڨЦ, û˵Ĵҵĺ⣬ҽչҲΪ㣬̼ҲǺ, Щ¶˵˵Ͼǽָ֪ͬ, ճ̵ĿҲ
¬ɣֱǵһμôųˣٿͶһ۶öġ
ԼĪҲ֪¬ɣᷳ˵Ķ˵ˣһ£ͻȥˣ´㡣
¬ɣǧ, ҸүûʲôϵɣԺͱټˡ
Σ⺢ӣұϾ˾ˡ
¬ɣЦ˾ˣ˼ҵķǰȥ˵⻰Ҿ㣬˯˯ð𣬲»εҵ𣿡
¬ôԴ͵ģĶ壬¬ɣһġ
ĬŮ¬ɣͲöڴ
ڳ׻ˡ
´ҸʳˣκιϵԺܷŶͽ
ԪֱӾɨҪ϶ͳţͱͷˡ
¬ɣԪ˶ͣ˵㣬үһ׼û£Ժͱټˣ
¬ɣ͵صͷԣԺٸֱӴȥ
͵صһˣ¬ɣĵǳ丸ӣ˭֪˻ᰵʹʲôֶΡ
һЩء˷ϰ鲻̫Сظɻֻɩ˺üɫ
Ԫţǲ˵л
¬ɣΪ˴󷽣ûƲ˿ɩǼнȱҶˣΨһҪǿڷϣ˵˼ҵǷǣ棬ֱˣʶɩȻ棬Ϊ˱סĹҲֻҴ۷ѡ

Ļȥ¬ɣ¬ɣ·һ֪˵Ҳˮ©ȥ˶͡
¬޵ܣŮҲ£Щ¬ûҪŮп޵顣¬󣬶ͱŮǵˮ嶼ѾˡһƵСˣȻǿżɽĺ̸֪վڱտڶ벻Ǯ֣ͷɵԣƺʲô֪
̼ͶǽʹЩﰵﲼʹ˲¡ʹ̫ʦ̫ʦأƾϵԾ̶̼֮ϰ֪λá
ǳз䣬Ȩʮص̫ʦЩҲδذȣǰ̫ʦΪԼıĸλû뵽ŭ˻ϣϲ˱ʦô̫ʦһ١
෽̽ʵ϶ಡѽһ½Ӹһһڵϻʵ벻̫ʦδ»ʵ۲һ̫ʦᣬھҵ츳ǰǣδز·˼
ü飬ĸС߽ӣǵ˶ŶͣǰûʲôÿվڱŸ̯дţƫƫȥ¬ʳꡣ
˾׷ʣ˵Щʲô
Сҡҡͷǽݣ˵ʲôǲûãͿͱʳһСѾͷɨѸϳӦǲɢͻôǣֻȥ¬ʳ̵Ǯɡ
Цһˣ¬ôѶˣֻ¬򵽵׽Ƿصȥˣ¬ҳҵʱȥϸϸѰȴҲûҵ
УС˵
޿ܡʮֿ϶˵
ҢģΪʦָ£ޱҪУԳҢƢ˷ݲɳӣһҢС
¬ҳҵʱôңҲпǶʧˡȻ¬ҹ˽ָ֪ͬ͸ýҰ︸ױˡС˵
ߵߵ棬Ҿǵ¬¬飬㲻ǣ׾죬¬Ů͸ûū̷˾ֱӷôŮӵݣ˽ֲ˲İ
¬ɣֻǸоʳͨŮӣһǧֶʧ漰еֶζʹֻʧл¬ϡ
뵽˲㣬ʵϸûŴʲôʱȥϰݻ̫ʦ
С˻صʹ˵ѳȥûϢһ벻̫ʦ̫ʦæ
һ죬ϵĲɨڵأӣûӴϸ²֮Ҫ̫ʦ
СֻôӦȥ¡
֪Щϸ˶ٹǰƷ٣ϸŷ߰úܣ̫ʦ˶಻ʤִ̼ģ˼ҸûҲˣ˰̵ģ֪ʲôʱܼ̫ʦ
ڲʹ˵ţͨŷȥˣĿǰƺҲûʲôáС˳ü취ȥˡ

 71 

ؽ𿪵, ڼպ̫ʦ
ʹ̫ʦǰĺˣ̼ҿɲǣ̫ʦ鲼Ұ, ֪ѱ鲼, ̼ʮֲۣҲǿڲʹϣ̫ʦڰæ֮вʱ
̫ʦǸļҾղذߣ̽ϲúͶã̫ʦһŰ˿ľ޺һ̴ľɽˮ
Ҿǳ仨ڽѰģȻ̫ʦһͺϲԳĶ˲١
̸һҾ, ʱ˵ˡ
̫ʦڳĶǸϼ, ¬򲻹ǸСС, û, Ҳɵ¬ó˵
յĿľֺ̫ʦ̫ʦǰۣպݷ, ȸ̫ʦѹϵˣ¬˷Ҳ, ҪμӴǣǹڹʲôٲҪ̫ʦĹϵ
Ȼ˵ʵϣӲѣ̫ʦȨҲ֪ܳŵʱڳл̫ʦһ죬Ƚ˵, Ժ̫ʦ£ƲϵУҰ·̫ʦʤ̼вǲ۵С㣬ʱǼ׿ѵġ
¬ɣǱߣֻȷһţȰصѾĴϡ¬ÿʧԣ̸ڣֻ漰¬һˣƾһָ֪ͬҪô-׵ġ

ÿ¼Ǿȵʱ򣬽Ҳ⡣ʹ¬ɣڲ³ˣʳ߶ǳһĺڵװʳʱ򣬴ӿö࣬ϱͨ͸ܽ㴩÷硣
ȣʳ˶ˣ¬ʳƳ桢ۣԼˡ
ҪǵζĽ֭¬ɣοִԹˣ齴ףٲκ֭͡͡ǵȵȵͣɩŵ˰˽֭
ȻЩʳһƳ̾յ֮áߦһֺ棬ˬֻԺãнܺ
̫ɽʱ׻ιˣһɫٷһݣɵģžͳԪСѾͷ棬е˿
ԪϵΧȹ߹û˵˭СѾͷǵˣûóԣ
׻ҲΪ⣬͵ûЦ˵һ÷֭ŵҵĿ
Ԫȥˣ¬ɣĿˣЦɱٵˡ
׻ͷ˼˵ṇ̀ҿɲҵ
ƽʱԪ˵װɵӣԪ˵仰Ȼ⻰Ҳ̫ԪദͽôһֵȦӡ
׻׷ŮӾͬһСѧһ¬ɣúЦԼڵĸ״Ҳñ˼Һõȥ
ʳ겢ϵ⣬ʱһʹˡ椡ɩʰӣ¬ɣûʲô飬׻˵
ǵĻ벻׽˽ȥ˱˾ͬ¥иҳԹ棬Ԫȥ
¬ɣ˼⣬˾飬Ϊ¬ɣ˾̽¬һϸ֮
ԥ˽̫ʦ
˶ϻʵǰ̵ˣ̫ʦϾûʧƣڳоӪʮأһ붼Χھ̫ʦĶ֣Ҫ˿Ϊ¬飬̫ͬʦ˺棬Բ֮١
׻ƺĵǣοģġ
Ԫ÷֭¬ɣ׻Ĭת˻⣬̸׽ٴȥϾլӵ顣
׻αƿﵹף˵Ͼõ򣬵ù۵ģѾˣǳ͢һ̰٣̰ϾһмʮõأլۡҲкüҴ̽Ϣ֮ȥϾ
¬ɣЦʮĺõأҲûô𰡡
׻ЦôЩ۲ȥϾܷһСˣټֵܣܹضõġ
ĶΪ꣬¬ɣ˵ѾǺܴһˣæˡ
ûиһĶصׯͺˡһũҵ˴Ǯʹ֮İᵽϾȥˣ¬ɣҲӪ
ٲӣ˵ҪأóǼӿ϶¬ɣرæĿ⼸ܴճһ꣬ϲЦտʳԴתȺ࣬ټϸʱϵصƷֻµһöࡣ
һ£ŸɰԺӽѬȥӰϹЦʵﻹҪЩʲô
Ԫϴ裬ȳЦ鷳˼ˣûʲôˡ
ڹ¥иϽã쳤컹ûкڣûʲôˣȥϽãԪ¬ɣչˣһСӳˡ
¬ɣˣҲԺԪ£ԪˣӼһгС׵УȻֱ˲ͷȥӣǺסˣסؿԡ
Сһ¬ɣԪǵͨ죬òײ˳ȥ
Ԫ˼ҾǺ
ľ
һʮѳĳľһһȻһһгľ˭ʱľˣô˾ˡ¬ɣĽƵķ
Ԫһһţ졣¬ɣСȡһľŵһߣȻһϳԣˮ㣬Ҫ㹻Ц˱˵ϣͶɫõ㡣
ָ˭ԪԭǸµСһʳţҲ֪Щʣټ¬ɣ飬ԡ顱ٲ¶֪˼˽⡣

 72 

Ԫ˺, ǿ͸ģռıˡ
¬ɣɻʣ˭
Ԫ, Ȥˣ
ѾŮ, Ȼ϶׻ûʲôƢôЩ׻κƤֺСʲôóԵĺ涼ǷݣԪδûиоȣµ΢ЩľȻ, ɢ
Ԫѽһˡ
¬ɣ, ȥ, 𣿡
ˣ
¬ɣЦЦ, ̧ͷϹɺѡԪ׻˶⣬ȰǵĻ¶Ҳãʡĺ, ԪϾиĸֵܵģһĸȸ, 鷳ˡ
ڿ϶ɬ²ÿڣȵ¾ͳˡߴһЦ
¬ɣعͷҡӣֻǿûųԡ
, ôôͻˣ
׻β˵뱱˾ͬźȾȥôȻеľζû
뿪Ƿܺȵøˡ
ǲ鵽Щʲô𣿡¬ɣ׷ʡ
Цǲ鵽ЩһľζѬˡȻط£¹˵
ȵȡ
ʲô£Цʡ
¬ɣ̲סһΪʲôǺЦ˵˶٣бĶ޲
ЦŨлˡ
¬ɣģöл衣
˵ϲˣ˳ȸס

ŴĿûȾǲĻյϣ¬ɣϲԺϿˡȣŬֱԻţ֯ŮǷֱţɫɼ߳ڳ裬ӻζƮ
־װķΧ£ƤԾ˯ȥֱں֣Ż۾
ɣɣ
ѹ¶ģƽʱȫȻͬ˵˾ͻ˯ɣȻ죬¶أ˯Ҫġ
¬ɣ˲ѣڲˣ˵
˵һߣڰѰϵˮķơ
ɫȥ˾㸸׵İ㸸׵ʱû͹ˡ
¬ǸƢ¬ɣЦҸģɵ˾ѺѾ׼ҲǰʵûʲôɿģضҸ׷µ֤ݣԼԱڮҵһȺٵ룬Ǯ´㣬˲侮ʯҲͰˣƲΪ˵û
֪̾ĪŮ˵ûǴһ֣ڲЩ鵯¬֮Ĺ
¬ɣʣв鵽̼𣬻Ǹʹ
Ͻʹ̼ƺûвУǸߴξǽʹ谮˵İܡ¬Ѻݴߴһְתɡ䣬ԼʹߵúܽϵСѾȥ밲찵鲼ʹ̼ҵʹ̫ʦԽԽߵץסİѱڳֻ̼СϺףɽˣȻҲվסģһ㸸ױ𡣡
һ̫ʦ⼸һ鲼ҰĹϵΨʵǴӣԶԶЩϵĹ١γܲһƬлʵ۵Ҳмܲס
¬ɣ鼱֮£ס֣һҪȫٶ֣ǧܰԼݽȥôǻŵ˲ҪġӦңҪ
ЦãҴӦ㡣
¬ɣûǲҸ׵飬ʲô֣ҪʲôһҪңһ
á
¬ɣһҾͷġ
ֿס֣¬ɣѲЦʲôŮܲס
۾صɣ˷㲻˼ҵһݲƸ񣿡
¬ɣסˡ
ַڴߣ£֪Լûʸ˵һ㣬Ⱳ㣬ûɼҵ
¬ɣھһҰҺ޵ִŮӣô˵ߣ
ղǷݡƸ񡱴ĸжʧתǰξܾ顣
ǺЦˣǶҰģ
¶ɫץ¬ɣֺݺĴԼҵĴ
¬ɣһ˦֣ۣ
Բ𡣡
¬ɣ̧ۿǲǺˣ˵ʲôԼ֪ȻվѺ͵ʲôûз
û㲻ŵĻ־ݣȵ죬벻Լ˵ùĻС
¬ɣˡ
ʮӶʮˮת¬ɣ϶䣬ＫЦҲнա
ҪߣЩίԴӳɻȻûз֮ʵһֱദܲΪʵ̫Ϊˡ
ǻ˵ϣڣԼȫ˵˳ûʲôöģҪȺ÷ˣȡ½⡣
¬ɣһϯЦ㵱ʱΪңԲžܾң
ǣͷ˰֣²̫ʦȮ޿صĴ£ӵܣյۣҲ޻˵ֻǵĻ㡣һʵ϶ɣָ֪ͬλãǷ⣬ʵı
¬ɣĻ˵˵ȥ˼ǶΪҺãǰɣ
ѵǡ
¬ɣЦΪǣֲңô֪ôģͷȻֱ鶼нİ취Լʹ˾ˡ
ˣܱȰ취ࡣŴѶͬʲô£˸ͷ뿪ǣδز棬лԶŷް͵ˣȥɣȵص˶ġ
Щھǣھǵˣ۽߯Сȫһط
ҲֱʲôʵϴˣҾͺˡ
¬Ӳһ䣬¾ûкҩ
ǣԭ֪˾ǴˡɣʱѾģⱲӲȢˣĳŵ
¬ɣˣŵɵ
ԣɵںʼѡ֮£ҽɷޣүڰңһһ㡣
¬ɣæǹޣֻܺʵʱþۺɢԷֿ
һ˿ѹܿͲˣֹ۵ˣԸôУҾ͸㣬ĳ滤С
¬ɣýˣҿò㣡

 73 

ʮ˵õ, ֻҪá
¬ɣͻȻͦû˼ģڰ֣һˡ
ٸһᡣҲڱ, ֻҵһѡ, ѡһɻʱ򣬿ңòã
ôƷİĹﱰ΢ԼηŵüͣԸı̥
¬ɣ˵ʲôζƤסɰڴһ٣Ȼһûзˡ
еؿ¬ɣ, ˫ֺʮ, ڰݹ, 㿼һ£
ģ, ִ۰Ͱ͵¬ɣ
¬ɣЦƸ񶼻û׼, ƾʲôӦ㣿
۾һϲ, ãһǴӦ𣿡
¬ɣ̫⣬ˣ֣顣
ʰϵȣȥ
ıӰ, һӣ˳鷿ȥˡ
¬ɣתǿϹ˶ԪԪأ˸ţڨڨ㣬ʲôû
¬ɣǾʲôˡ
ֻ˺漸䣬˵һᡣ
Ԫ۾˵治ǹġҸ£ȥԣϲ˭֪ڶԽ顭
أǿϷɣ¬ɣһҡӣȥ·
ԪݣͣذԣҺýûдӦˣ͸һϣżˣٴӦ֣ܵ϶ϧ
¬ɣһۣΪһӦ
ǶѾ˰ټ٣ټ棬ġһĳϷ
ͣͣͣ¬ɣһסƣ㿴Ϸ߯ˣǸ˼ѧģ
ԪЦҪС϶ǲģԼǿ
¬ɣ˵Сӻ̫ˣü޸ˣ㡣
Ԫߣ³һ仰Ǽõˡ
䣬ž˵˲ǡĻϺӻ죬ͷ֧֧ġ
¬ɣǿСģкЦȴҲټȤת˸⡣
֪Сڸûϰ˵˸дţŵӰӶû
˼ǽ³޵ģɵ֮ͬӣλͬŵȥˣȫΣ˼ֻøŷȥ˸
뾩ǵķȫͬ϶ҪӦһӡԪ˵
¬ɣȥͦõİʪȣﻹ̨磬ﶬůͣȾҿźʶడķǽ
һ뵽ǽ޲ÿˮˡǵľ¥ȻҲˣȵϳصԭ֭ԭζء
Ԫش˼С޵ǹٻңز٣һ롣
ȷʵţʳǵĴۡ¬ɣ̾һԼǮڡ
ԪǣҲϰԼԼ챻ڼư
¬ɣһ򿪳룬˱㣬Ԫһ껹˲Ǯļױ㹻ˣðױɡ
ָһָԪô
ô࣡Ԫţ
ʮӡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
Ӧõġ¬ɣһ˵
ÿµǮж٣ļ³ҵɣнյĽ
ʮҸ׼ĳõѹӡ
̫ˣ㣬òôࡣԪæƴǣôãʮҲҪ
¬ɣ㺰һ㣬㵱ÿý飬ѹӱ쾭顣ţƴǡ
ԪģãҶţлл㡣
¬ɣһ֣Цôǲ֪ͬ׼ҹ¶ˣ
ԪġȻһˡ
δҹζ࣬¬ɣԪ˼׻˵׻ֵһ߸ߣĸ֣һգýŹ˵ϣȻ¶Ԫ׻͵ĽΣʽΪδޡ
ԪҲֻ֪ͨһȿʼ΢бԹŮڽǸͲ˵ʲôˡ

һձһ䣬ϻʵ˷纮纮˺󣬾ԽգʦҩЧҲ
ҩԽԽ࣬Чȴһձһղ춼ȥֵأ飬Ҳϲܼһ棬¬ɣ˯Ż
бȽҪϢԭ𸴣ʵΪ飬һʵΪ˲̫ʦӡ
ǵϰղ෹ܻһЩٹ˵£ĳĳ˼кޣĳһҶҵլӣĳдʣ̫ʦأƸνƶϣǺʮصѧӲ֪˶٣ٱתӣҵһλɷǵĸ˽׸ʵۣ˻ʵ۵İǻʵǰĺˡ
λǰϳһˣƽ֮θϻʵʦ¬ɣΪһǸﴫ
֪ȷʵϻʵһʦ
¬ɣ죺˹ʮ˰ɣתҲ̫ˣ
մӹЩӶûϢãе࣬üģ˲ûת䣬漰һˡ
˭

ͬʱǶѧʿĸϡ
λɲ̫ãҲ˵̫ֻ˵٣֣ˣʹºš顱
жĳ̫ʦʰλã̫ʦͬʮ꣬Ӳǰȵġڻʵ̫ۡʦԼϵֱĳ˭ļҲ˳˳˳ڸ
Աʮ䣬λ˹˺ͨӹüΪ
ʿ˵⣬ȴصһ䡣
¬ɣʱȻ
˵˵ȥϻʵ۶ɣδز̫ʦôΪҪ̫ʦ᲻ã̫ʦӡҷԴˣϻʵ۶أʦĻ
ô򵥣¬ɣɵ
ƾʲôҪı
㣬ʲô
̫ѨҶ⼸춼û˯һþˣȥ˯ˡ
㻹ûģ
ͷһɡ

 74 

Ϳ๦, һ治ʲôǼûֳɵĻ㣬ڴжѾ, ȥŪʵĻ㡣
¬ɣ滻, Ҹѩ˿棬ûɣ
û⡣ʮʹ죬ˡ
һĻ䵽οˣ˷ྴ
¬ɣߦɡ
ϱˣߦߦϸ¬ɣֻͷ¹
һ, һ¬ɣ˵Щл
, Ԫ¶, տǶף
¬ɣϸϸ˿, ȶ飬񲻼ԪһСһء
˵Ҳ, ҼҪ๫ĸʱӴ
¬ɣҪͻС, ˣ裬ϱӦ˰ɣǸкŮ
ֺǺǵ˸Сӣֺ, ʮأ
ʮǴͷӤˣĶϱһʹˡ
ͺϲ£ͣСޣٹˡ
¬ɣЦǹϲˡ
ԼϲҲû˱ˣˣǱиҽݣĺĴϱǺ˺򿪵ҩ¾ͻ˺ӡвûȵҩûҪҪȥ
¬ɣֱǺֺЦûж⣬Ҳûȥ͵裬ߦˣԼЪŰɡ
ϲôӵ̫˷ܣûעҵɫﹾ湾˵ЩŮ޵飬ԪڴݰƣѽտˣȥЪŰɣﲻҪæˡ
Ųմصˡ
Ԫ˼ҵӣϲĶֲˣҪǲƳȥܽȥ߯ˡ
¬ɣЦҳⶼˣûСǸϢҽһƴ򡣡
Ԫ͵Ц˼ҹܵĿࡣҾСֶû׼Ҳˣ
¬ɣôð޳ȥҪЩء
Ԫѽһˣʱ徲
¬ɣѩ˿棬ȥţһûأԼɡ
ݣڴߵϣԣž˻ס
۾૵۰
¬ɣһӻҪ
磬ںıʲôʦôʲôкܶ໹࣬ǿôۣЩۣ԰ɣ˺ú˯һ
棬¬ɣҳȥˣͷҵա
ߡסӣҡ
ôСһԷҪ㣬ʣó𣿡
ͷûбóԵˡ
컬࣬ҲšڹЩѵǸóԣ
ʵжóԣΪԵһɶ
ۼˣʵûо¬ɣ˵¾˯ˡ
µʮԣЩҲ˲١
¬ɣĬĬش˳ϻʵ˸
ҽŮ̫ǣˣȣЩ
һû컹ûͽˡ

ڣʳվȥһ׼УɫƤ±¬ʳ꾭һľӪһСĿˣƽ֮ٹҲ˹ܼ˹򣬱Ͼķ˳ˣżоСʳ
¬ɣ˵ϻʵʱ˹ţרС̫Сԡ
¬ʳ±İװΪ֣һֱֽװһר뽳˾ϸСľС
ӵ˿ŵõҩͼľУ̾¬ӣһӵĹǮֵù±Ǯˣοգ
ɩźӰ֣ӷͷͷʲôʲˣٴһױҲ㹻ġ
Ԫǰǰ
¬ɣЦҰױô
Ԫ糺죬ţ㣡
ŴҹŮǰѽ
¬ɣת˵ӵôҽĳĹܼ˵±ȥҪĻֽͲÿװŴ棬Ҳõó֣Ǯëϣʳǲġ⼸ˣæڣÿ˲йڷѣн𡣡
֮£˵Ļ̱
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ʳһغã׽Ͼ˺ʵׯԪ׻ζ׺˶ԩҵӣһձһպãһƺڳԽԽõķչ
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ÿﶬڣĺ˶Ϊˮݸɿݣʳ̣ڱ߹صɱ١ȴǸ⣬һֱ˶˶ߡӿɺϣͬãǲʹ߽˼ʵۣҪ߾óס
¬ɣ߾ɶֹսкôڳϣϻʵ̫ʦܾˡ
ô¬ɣ͵ǵı߾к󣬺˳ûأӢڻʵ۹¡
¬ɣֱˣһôӢڻʵ۷Ҫ񡪡
ʱסͣҡҡͷ
¬ɣ֪ӿڳĵȻ˿ڡ
ʵ̲סʹţҪˣϰյӲùǶʳɡ
ʢֵǮԶʳ
ӵļͷص̾һá
¬ɣ׽ڻʳ飬׽һϾ׹ˣ˵˵öԣûһЩţҲš
¬ɣЩŹȣ그ߣսСսϣͲǹĶ֣֮أǾԲµġǰĽ飬ǿȡġ
ǵ˴ŶǸһ뷨ĴʲôȾǸȫĵطٹǾպȣտһƬƽ
ȻķչԽԽϡʵغʹ߱߾е󣬺ʹ߷ͬʱܱͬʹնʾڡ
ԵΪԹǳˣҲͱˡ
ӿɺŭԴΪɣʮܱͬͬ˰һۿڣԼĸֶϣҹʰɵˡ

 75 

ӿɺ, 񣬺ܿ͹˴ֱͬ, ﾩ, ֻһͱپǡ
ɲͬСС֣˼򵽼ſˣΣȻ¬ɣϣ۷ǣŶʳмеĵز
ż߽¬ɣ˵¬ӣҲǼ, ⼸, 㻨Ǯ, ˵׼ۻ, ȥʣһֻ򵽰ʯס
Ԫզ, ҵ찡ż, Ǯһӻʯף
ӿ˵һӰʯ׶еȥ˻ûˣѹ
¬ɣ̧̣ͷ, ͬɩӡԪ椵ڵĻǾһĳ壬ϾǾǣ϶طܱȵģ빥ƾǻǻѵġ
˵Ȼǳ;棬ʿͷֻҪϻʵ۲̫ӹܣ֮ʦԻۼǣǵΣǿԽġ
δƣն۱ԭڵͬˡ
ͷĺڣĲȣ࣬ԷһʳʱЪҵ¬ɣùɩȻؼңԪסײš
פУʱ򼸺춼ò׻һΣҲǼҴҵģʮֵ¬ɣİΣȻլӣһ׼ֵܰͬסŷࡣ
¬ɣҪģһگ֮ʦһʹӺ̸ûôθռݾǡ
¬ɣЦһô˺˵θڣ˾ͻˣ
̾˿˫ֶڼţҵġҪˣʲô飬ͽ׼ֵȥǧţҵĺܡһʲôѾ׻Σǡ
¬ɣ۾㻹ʲôǸϻʵʲôֵñġȥϱ߰ɣôǴ򲻵Ͼġ
ʱߣҴӦ㣬ò˶ãҲٹܳ͢飬һȥϾ
¬ɣղҲ鼱֮²˵Ƿܿ侲º˱ھΣյΪʵʵڳУȱ˵
޶˵ڹҲýСģȫԼ
ЦҶġ
¬ɣһ㶼ģ̫ظֵ˭ҲԼҵֵǮǧΪһ衭Լ˵ǷҵģҪúչңҵһݣΪ˱˶
ݺݵץ½󣬡֪𣿡
С
ͷ̫ң¬ɣš׻ÿջȥî˳̽һϢٻ¬ɣ֪顣
ӿɺľӾפڱ⣬Щڳɱ¾Ű޶ǽϰռֱˮ֮УǶܣǳŽգر
Ԫؿڣҵҿ˽ĻţȥݼҶһӣȻ˴򵽳⣬ˮҪˡҵﵱʱϣҲţӶù
¬ɣˮ帽ɽɽܡֻϣ˾˱ɡ

Ǭ幬
ϻʵʦռ˺ʱ˱
Ϊʦʵ۵һλʦʦųİ룬Цƶҹ겷һң󼪣˱ָտɴ
ϻʵ۴ϲʹʦ
ʦźۼؿһȻΪѵƶһ²֪˵˵
ϻʵ۵ʦ뽲
ʦƶռ֮д˴ѣΪм鳼
λ鳼˭ʦ˵
˽֪̫ʦкˣ
ͬǴǹʦҪķߣܱͬսܣʹú˳򵽾ǽ¡
λܱ̫ͬʦӣһֱ̫ʦء£鵯̫ʦʤʵ۳̫ʦһ٣̫ʦڼұ˼
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ʦⷬϻʵ۲òϾº˱ٳ£ΣڵϦܲΪһ̫ʦԼʵ۳Ϊ˵Ľɡ
ϻʵһӢڵľ£͵սľôģ
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Сʣˣʲôʱܳ
ãǰ黢ʲôϵ˵ǵҩԼ񲻺ãȥһ̰ͼܣһǴĻ
ˣЩʱ죬Ի
лˣ
ʦֺǺǵˡ
ҽ鹢ֱڻʵǰһһ̫ʦʵžͲô˳̫ʦʵǻʵ۵ǰ䣬ܶʵ۲飬ʵ϶̫ʦˣЩʵٲûҪ¸Ｚگġ
Բˣźۼϻʵۿѣ̫ʦϳˮø̫ʦѻʵϴĴ覡ǺûϣϧɱΣμˣˣϻһ
˾˵˵ž˵ʵ۵ԹֺŶɺ˸书Ƿ۵֡ϻʵúܣ֪ԼǸûʵۣȴ̰ͼǰΪѡһϼѵšҪֱ֣͡ֱӸȥˡ£ʾʵҪ촦̫ʦ
ϻʵԭĴǴ㽵̫ʦԶԶرˣҪ̫ʦôһţ̫ʦնףûռҲҾ췣ûΪū
ӧԽݲ̫ʦһϻʵ㽫ӽ
ӿɺ֪ȵľӻ㼯ǺֲãǼ̸ϻʵֻҪ˱ʲôӦԼű߾Уͬʱͺ˰ʮƥƥ
ڸ֮ʦ㼯֮ǰ˱

 76 

֮, Σָյ֣¬ʳ¿š
ϰյվɹ, ʳ;һ, һ΢Щ˵͢ű߾У⣬ҿУҷˣǮ
ƣǺǵģһͷ׵ϺֻŹ˴ͬ˴°ˡ۴ôȥⲻ, ƫҪǺɡ
, ʹ, ҲС, ˼ʶǳֻôֲŪǶδ֪
˺ȻЦת˵һ
̫ʦϳ, ȥˣ󳵺ö, ⻹ֻһС֣ϸĺö塣
ٶлʵۼҵıࣿ
ţУ֮ǰԣ̫ʦҪд̫ʦ񣬳˵ʥϣ̫ʦ޼ɵ, ˵̫ʦи⣬ʤ̫ʦ˵͢ҲûҸС
̫ʦǾȡ
񾩳İԻѱɴ鳼̰̫ʦնס
Ԫ̲˿͹ȥ¬ɣ˵ڴҶ̸̫ʦ飬̫ʦٻ°ǳˡ㣬Ҿþǵ춼ˡ
¬ɣЦ̽ͷ죬զûñˣࡣ
Ԫѽҵ˼Ժϰյӻùࡣ
¬ɣ̵⵹δء
̫ʦ
û̫ʦܻ̫ʦ̫ʦ
صһֱ̫ʦǻӹϻʵۣ̫ʦΪӭϻʵ۶Ӧ˶ġ
Ԫ°ͣ㯵¬ɣ
¬ɣЦˣȥк˰ɡ̫ʦûˣǺ¡
š
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֮乴ˣȡÿ¬󣬽ʹСԭĸߴةΪ֪أºڲʹĲ£ȥ֡ڿһС֣󲿷ֶ˽ʹ
׷ЩһܡʹѺѶ֪ͬʱϵˣϵϴơ
ϣһӸ¬ɣմʸϣ㿴ûʲô׵ĵط
ǸҸ׷ģ¬ɣʡ
ǣҲֻϴδ̰ۿزʧ֮ⲻˡ
¬ɣҡҡͷѾܺˣ֤Ҹû˽ԽΪСѾܺˣҵȷʵʧ֮𡣵ֳЩºҪôͺףʲô¶ûзȻҸó̼뿪ߴؾˣҪô͹¹죬Ҫʲô档ץס˳İѱȴŹ䣬С˲ԸŹ֡
¬ϾףԲܲſ͹۽Ƕ˵ⷬռ¬Ů壬¬򷭰ǧ¬ҿ˵ûˡ
ʯͷ£κѹ¬ɣ֣˵лл㡣
֮䲻̸л֣
һҪģ¬ɣЦݣ֣ص㣬˵¡
մԽˮ嶭ʱӣÿɲĻԲҪ붭¬ɣʱ޲һˡſʼתϢʱǿ泩һ㡣
Ȼ;Ҳй飬ڲѾ¬ɣҿ϶ڶһõˡ
㣬ﲻ
ǣ˵Ҹ׵˽ˣھҲûҪˣҾҲȫ˭֪ʲôʱִ״ϾլӣȿͰᵽϾȥ
ô죿еΪѣܲٵһȣ£𣿡
¬ɣ͵һͷˣԪһȥ
ԴίֻԪ𣿡
¬ɣƺŶҪŴ椣ɩмпڵˣ˼ҿ϶ҲԸȥϾѽ
û𣿡
ûˡ
һϲŭɫѵˣǸûĵСѾͷѾҵƸˣ㲻ܲҡ
Եίضزס
¬ɣ̲סЦ
Цʲô
סЦûЦʲô
߳һͷ¬ɣţŬ쳤ֱۣͷ񰲸һֻСèһ԰ҿЦģôãôܲ㡣ѽ޲ħһС˶ڿڴ춼ϡ
§סͷļϣ¬ɣеζʮְġ
ã¬ɣ
㲻뷴ڰɣ
ʲôڰ㱧̫ȶˣ
æɿ֣ҿŵԲ𡣡
ŮһѳֲסʲôͲˡ¬ɣԭ˵ļ仰Ƥʵ̽Ѵƿ
ش̹ǣ˲˶侲ˡ
ϵϲ˶ˣʱµ۵ǻһһڵλδܱסҪϾȥϺпܲͬ⣬Ҵװװ£Ȼ˳µϾȥʵҲԸ⵱ʲô٣ˣݲܸõĻ㡣ϾŶְȨģϾɽˮʲôС
һʳꡣ
ãȥʳ򹤡
¬ɣЦ˵ˣ
˵ˣҲҪǮֻҪʳϰ
㣬Фϰ

һڣװڹᶼûȥϻʵǲҽƲ
Ӷҩζɫ԰ڴϣͷ̵ˡҽϲʲô˵켣УرֶǶãԼӰʾҽˣȥʵ˵Ƿ纮˼βҪúõľһʱòˡ
˳ڼҾˡ˷׷ϧᣬǰ;ϧӲãȻ˵ٽһȫȻᣬл͡
סˣסˡָѪԵϵˡɷڵõϢ̾ļٵ˱
裬Ȼϵãǲò迪Ͻ¬ɣϱӭȥϼûʲôɫʵӺЩ𣿡
¬ɣӣûá
ҽô˵
ҽ˵úúţðɣֻ˸Ҳȴǰˡ
ص̾˿ôôùء
ɷ˵̫ʦ̨λ˹ûûϿأͬϰѶ̫ʦ齻𣬿ɼҲǿƣƫƫӲá
ϾĸӣȻ˼ǲģʹ¿ֵҪٻ򿴿
ҽˣɣĸײҪġ
ϵͷǰҽѾҽõĴˣ
¬ɣһϽӹȴȣ¬ϣʳڻǿţ˵ڲţöڼչҸղŻ˵춼ʳţôҲǸھˣͷ¶棬ⲻǶ𣿡
¬ɣڸ˲ˡ
͸ʱһῪѵ                        
лҪ˵컹һ¾ˣȻǷ⡣

 77 

̫ʦһ, ǣˡϵɷɣȻûʮֵ̫ͬʦᣬʱ, ͨĳλͬ, ̫ʦ
һɵλãüߣҲΪ̫ʦһ仰ɵλãȵ߰ꡣ
ǸȾӹˣֲԸ⳹Ͷ̫ʦӪЩ겢̫ͬʦߵ׽һֿԺ, Ӳ̫ʦ, رڹϡھǹ, ̫ʦ, ܼʮ꣬˵ɻܹڸ󳼵λϡ
ǣ̫ʦ, ûˡ
Թ鵯̫ʦӡɴ
̫ʦڳһʮ꣬ҪѸйϵȫ޶ȥ, ô԰ѳϵ޶òˣ͢û˸ɻˡ
ԣɵӹһ٣ɵλÿ϶Ǳסˣǻ, һĵطΣɸ꣬ܵϷĲɷ򣬱ضҪżһͬȥΣ˷صӣ˳
Ŷ꣬էȻҪ뿪ǣ᲻ãҲû취ɹپɸλ۵ĺܣھǺ׳Ϊ˵жεγɶҲʹ
츮֮紾ӣȻȲþǣϾǸõطˡ
ǰ˰Ĵò˵ʮֺˡ
˰䵱̫ʦȾָеǰ䣬ûȫˣ˰λӱժˣ͵լۡջأڵ˰ȫȫİ׶ѫƽ
ⲻϴΪοٿǰĳӣȻƽ䵭ġ
뵽¬ɣ·𶼸˳ˣ֣¬ɡ
¬ɣڴͻݵظǱӣϲע⣬͵͵һѡ
ʹɫһһͻָƽ
˰̫Ѩ´Ϳˣĸȥɡ
ϻͬӶ˵Ļ⻰ͱܵĲУٿǱ۾һۼ˵ӡ
û÷ӣֻõʹˣͲһȥɶˣϰɡ
ֳ⺰һ̽
һ첼ȹӵŮ̧߽ͷˣʲô·Ը
ղվ⣬ҵͷ¬ɣΪϵѾͷû̫ע⣬ӣһܽ棬ˮĴ۾ӣҴ˵ǸʮŮ
ɫš
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ղ˭֮ǰ˵ͻţ¬ɣЦ绨ʮ־ϲѽ๫ĸǣ˸ƯѾͷϲϲ
ͷʹԽͷʹˡòɣĹϵͣǵҡ
ﲻʹĸסˡ
ϣߴͣɴǡ
üͷһ壬ĸףҽ˵úúѾӣϾ
Ŀϣϴһʵӵġ
˰ˣѾͷ˼磬ԭߣʱʱѶҪĸףպܵܣҲûбҪˡ
Ͼͬǹľǣ˭֪ϾžţʵȨ
վúˣ壬ˡ
̸ȥ
ůδߣˡ
¬ɣЦʣҪҪٿ£Ҫ뿪𣿡
ץס֣ߣѴ˾ǣҲϲӡ˵ˣһεεˣá
¬ɣҡҡͷǸʵϵˡҪǻ컬ˣ϶Ҫ˵ҶΪ㡯
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ģģ¬ɣջ֣
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ԣкŮӶҪУкңŮ㡣ԿСʳ꣬ȥӦîȥСơ̺֣ҽ䣬Ӵһ㣬ǿԴźĴ棬ʱٶһ㣬дһ־
һһŮǮУ¬ɣ˳ĻʼõԺ
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㡣ζĺӣΧǽеӵҶ˺ü
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Ц¬ɣͻȻòԾʲôӣԼ飬һûͬҪ޸أ
ý˿ʼˣˣɷϣǷޣҸˡ
¬ɣͷĲߣૣˣ㿴Űɡ
¬ɣ̾˿ô죬£
˽ӵһҲ᲻÷ֿ                        
лҪ˵ĵᣬǷ
лСʹǸҹȵӪҺҶ

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